Draft of speech given at Columbia University for the "Symposium on the Relationship between Biological and Physical Sciences." This draft contains many of Dr. Nirenberg's handwritten notes. Emphasizing the remarkable similarity in codewords used by bacteria, amphibian, and mammalian processes and the fact that most, if not all, forms of life on the planet use almost the same genetic language, Nirenberg suggests that developments in genetic research also point to a physio-chemical or molecular basis for processes "governing such fundamentally biological phenomena as cell metabolism and replication." Nirenberg discusses the development of synthetic triplets, problems associated with degeneracy, base pairing explanations, and the possible role of protein synthesis in cell differentiation.
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