Approximately 80 percent of the U.S. population and more than 90 percent of the nation's physicians reside in urban areas. While cities are central to many cultural, economic, and transportation activities, these densely populated and interconnected centers can become vulnerable to infectious disease outbreaks and other health crises. Interoperable health information technology (IT) can play an important role in responding to these events. Prior research examined interoperability among hospitals at the national level, but little is known about rates of interoperability within U.S. cities. This data brief describes variation in interoperability among hospitals within 15 major U.S. combined statistical areas (CSAs), hereafter referred to as cities. We highlight differences in interoperability between cities in terms of hospitals' ability to perform four key domains of interoperability. These domains are find, send, receive, and integrate electronic health information with sources outside their health system. We also present findings on participation in health information exchanges (HIEs), variation in interoperability by hospital characteristics, and the association between interoperability and having information available at the point of care.
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