On January 26-27, 2017 in Austin, Texas, AcademyHealth and the Network for Regional Healthcare Improvement (NRHI) hosted a two-day workshop called "Striving Toward a Culture of Health: How Does Care and Costs for Non-Medical Needs Get Factored into Alternative Payment Models?". This workshop convened five multi-sector teams led by regional health improvement collaboratives (i.e., regional collaboratives) participating in the workshop were from Hilo, HI; Detroit, MI; Cincinnati, OH; Philadelphia, PA; and Washington State. The workshop focused on four fundamental topics (i.e., cross-sector collaboration; metrics, data and evidence; care delivery requirements and incentives; and payment and financing) and related barriers that can influence the conditions and collaborations necessary to support non-clinical community-wide population health services. To continue engagement and help support the communities to move forward, NRHI facilitated a series of virtual meetings (see Appendix) periodically throughout the year, each focusing discussions on one of the four topic themes. Each of these four topic areas is central to the complex goal of transforming the health care delivery system, where there is a transition from a fee-for-service payment system that squanders 30 cents of every medical dollar on unneeded care and waste to a value-based payment system that reimburses based on the quality and cost efficiencies of services delivered that result in positive patient outcomes. It is expected that value-based payment models will incentivize the integration of clinical care with social services, thereby encouraging health plans and health care providers to strategically invest in addressing social determinants of health and pave a path towards eliminating costly inefficiencies while improving the health of populations. But making that transition requires nothing less than a paradigm shift, given that under the current payment system no one gets paid for providing clinical services when people are healthy. The following issue brief summarizes lessons learned from a year of discussions involving numerous stakeholders with varied perspectives working to advance a culture of health in their communities. This overview provides a snapshot of where each regional collaborative and their own communities are now and what they must consider going into the future.
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