As of May 2015, 30 states have adopted the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansion to low-income adults, creating a new coverage option for millions of adults who were previously excluded from the program. In the remaining 21 states that have not adopted the expansion to date, many poor uninsured adults fall into a coverage gap--they do not qualify for Medicaid and earn too little to qualify for the tax credits to purchase Marketplace coverage, which begin at 100% of the federal poverty level for subsidized coverage. This brief examines the experiences of low-income adults in three states that have made varied Medicaid expansion decisions: Ohio, which adopted the ACA Medicaid expansion, Arkansas which implemented the Medicaid expansion through a "Private Option" waiver, and Missouri, which has not adopted the expansion. Information was collected through 10 focus groups conducted with 85 adults in Columbus, Little Rock, and St. Louis. The groups in Columbus and Little Rock were conducted with previously uninsured adults who enrolled in the ACA Medicaid expansion or Private Option waiver, and the groups in St. Louis were conducted with uninsured low-income adults who would be eligible if the state expanded Medicaid. Although most of the adults were working, they were in part-time and/or low wage jobs and were all facing challenging financial situations. Many had ongoing physical and mental health needs.
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