In an effort to "stir public conscience," on the war in Vietnam, Luria proposed to Pauling that a group of prominent scientists should protest the war by resigning their membership in the National Academy of Sciences. The NAS was created in 1863 during the Civil War so as to "investigate, examine, experiment, and report upon any subject of science" whenever called upon to do so by any department of the government. Election to the Academy is considered one of the highest honors that can be accorded a scientist.
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