Effects of a Medical Home and Shared Savings Intervention on Quality and Utilization of Care A group of physician practices that participated in a medical home Synopsis intervention that included a shared-savings bonus program outperformed a comparison group of practices on clinical quality. June 1, 2015 Patients in the participating practices also had comparatively fewer Authors Mark W. Friedberg, Meredith hospital and emergency room visits. B. Rosenthal, Rachel M. Werner, Kevin G. Volpp, and Eric C. Schneider Journal JAMA Internal Medicine, The medical home model of health care delivery has been widely The Issue published online June 1, 2015 embraced over the past decade. Medical home interventions encourage Contact Mary Mahon, Assistant Vice primary care practices to adopt this model, which aims to provide President, Public Information, The accessible, well-coordinated, patient-centered care and incorporates Commonwealth Fund, mm@cwmf.org Access to full article. elements like disease management, patient registries, and electronic health records. To date, efforts to measure the impact of medical home interventions on quality of care have yielded mixed results and little evidence of reduced use of services or lower costs. Many of these studies, however, were conducted relatively early on in conveners’ efforts to conduct such interventions. Moreover, these undertakings were rarely paired with substantial financial incentives to control costs or utilization. Commonwealth Fund–supported researchers from RAND and Harvard University looked at whether such a pairing might yield different results. Analyzing claims data from more than 17,000 patients over a period of three years, they compared performance on measures of quality and “The inclusion of a utilization between two cohorts of practices—one participating in a shared- substantial shared savings arrangement and pursuing medical home recognition from the National savings incentive … Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA), and the other a comparison group that may have been a did not participate in the intervention. particularly strong motivator for practices By year 1 of the study, the pilot practices were outperforming comparison Key Findings to invest and engage practices by statistically significant margins on three measures of diabetes • more effectively in care and on breast cancer screening. These “performance gaps” were care management sustained over the duration of the study and, in most cases, increased. efforts.” Compared with the comparison group, the pilot practices had lower hospitalization rates and lower emergency room utilization rates. Again, performance gaps that emerged after year 1 increased over the • course of the study. Patients from the pilot practices were more likely to seek primary care as opposed to specialist care. As with other scores, that difference increased by year 3. • Quality of Care Differences on Various Clinical Measures, Year Three HbA1c testing 92.1 83.9 Pilot practices Comparison practices LDL-C screening 88.1 79.6 Nephropathy monitoring 85.6 70.2 Eye examinations 51.2 39.2 Breast cancer screening 80.5 74.9 Adapted from M. W. Friedberg, M. B. Rosenthal, R. M. Werner et al., “Effects of a Medical Home and Shared Savings Intervention on Quality and Utilization of Care,” JAMA Internal Medicine, published online June 1, 2015. Changing the way physicians are compensated may play an important role in determining the ultimate The Big Picture success or failure of group practices’ efforts to change patient care, the researchers say. At the same time, having “timely data on emergency department visits and hospitalizations may encourage and enable primary care practices to contain unnecessary or avoidable utilization in these settings.” Researchers analyzed three years of claims data from two groups of medical practices participating in the About the Study Pennsylvania Chronic Care Initiative (PACCI). Practices in the pilot group were required to pursue NCQA recognition as a medical home and participate in a shared-savings arrangement; practices in the comparison group were not, although some did pursue NCQA recognition. Under the shared-savings arrangement, practices were eligible to receive bonuses if, in a given year, total spending on patient care was less than expected. Those bonus payments were potentially substantial, ranging from 40 percent to 50 percent of calculated savings. Practices were not penalized if total spending was equal to or greater than expected. Researchers compared the two groups on diabetes care measures and on breast and colon cancer screening, as well as on selected care utilization measures. Physician group practices pursuing medical home recognition while also participating in a shared-savings The Bottom Line arrangement performed significantly better than comparison practices across a range of quality and utilization measures. M. W. Friedberg, M. B. Rosenthal, R. M. Werner et al., “Effects of a Medical Home and Shared Savings Intervention on Quality and __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Utilization of Care,” JAMA Internal Medicine, published online June 1, 2015. This summary was prepared by Brian Schilling.