c VALEDICTORY ADDRESS TO THE GRADUATES BY DAVID GILBERT, M. D. Professor of Midwifery and DineHses of Women and Children. *L\ WITH A LIST OF THE GRADUATES. PHILADELPHIA: MERRIHEW & THOMPSON, PRINTERS 1859. a ^X / — x VALEDICTORY ADDRESS TO THE GRADUATES MEDICAL DEPARTMENT PENNSYLVANIA COLLEGE, DELIVERED AT THE PUBLIC COMMENCEMENT, MARCH 5, 1859, / DAVID GILBERT, M. D., Professor of Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children. PUBLISHED BY TjpfiC0%8g. —■<&MwtAiyv. -; P IIIL A D E LV&i0^. MERRIHEW & THOMPSON, PRINTERS, Lodge street, North side of Pennsylvania Bank. 1859. ***' Philadelphia, February 102A, 1859. At a meeting of the Graduating Class of Pennsylvania Medical College, on Monday Evening the 5th inst., J. Frank Huber, of Pa., was chosen Chairman, and Lee W. Battle, of Ala., Secretary. On motion of Mr. Kenard, of Ga., the following resolution was unanimously adopted : Resolved, That the Chairman appoint a Committee consisting of one member from each State represented, to wait on Prof. Gilbert, and solicit a copy of his Valedictory Address for publication. The Chairman appointed the following committee: H. G. Chritzman, Pa. M. F. Bowes, Mich. R. B. McKee, of Del. W. G. McInnis, Fla. Samuel E. Norton, Ala. Benj. H. Turner, N. J. Geo. B. Beecher, Ga. I. J. Guth, N. Y. On motion, adjourned. J. Frank Huber, President, Lee W. Battle, Secretary. Prop. Gilbert— Dear Sir :—In conformity with the above proceedings, the undersigned com- mittee most respectfully and earnestly solicit a copy of your Valedictory Ad- dress for publication. Hoping that you will grant our request, we remain, most respectfully and truly, Your obedient servants, A. G. Chritzman, Chairman, W. F. Bowes, R. B. McKee, W. G. McInnis, Samuel E. Norton, Benj. H. Turner, Geo. B. Beecher, I. J. Guth Lee W. Battle, Secretary. Philadelphia, February 24th, 1859. Gentlemen: Your communication requesting a copy of the Valedictory Address, which I have been appointed to deliver at the approaching commencement, has been re- ceived. It affords me great pleasure to comply with your polite request. Please ac- cept for yourselves and the Class which you represent, assurance of sincere friendship, and of my best wishes for your happiness and usefulness. Very truly your friend, D. Gilbert. To Messrs. A. G. Chritzman, M. F. Bowes, R. B. McKee, W. G. McInnis, S. E. Norton, B H. Turner, G. B. Beecher and J. Guth. VALEDICTORY ADDRESS. Gentlemen,— The question, what are you about to do in this heaving age of busy enterprise, may, very properly, be propounded to every young man. Men are every where engaged in the busy walks of life, and through their well directed efforts, mighty results are being accomplished continually, in developing the physical resources of the world, and in advancing the moral interests of the human race. Every young man, possessing the most ordinary degree of enterprise, desires to perform his part of this great work. In- difference to this, constitutes him a drone in the world's hive, and sinks him into utter insignificance. You, gentlemen, have se- lected the part which you intend to perform, and the exercises of to-day testify that thus far you have attained the object of your wishes. You have voluntarily assumed the important duties which devolve upon the medical practitioner. To these you are now publicly and solemnly pledged, and they constitute the chosen mission of your life. If you have made your selection from a sense of duty to humanity and to God, your course through life will be characterized by benevolence and mercy, the wise and good will ever sustain you, and you will become instrumental in accomplishing much good in this world of suffering. If, on the other hand, you have entered upon this work thoughtlessly, or from mercenary and selfish motives, your pathway through life will be marked by disappointment and remorse, and the blessing of him who was ready to perish can never be yours. You have now arrived at a most interesting and decisive period of your life. Your pupilage has ended, and your independent professional career commences. Hitherto your efforts and aims were directed towards the attainment of the consummation now 4 so happily realized; hereafter, we trust, you will be found acting well your parts in the warfare which is incessantly carried on against disease in the great world of activity which you are about to enter. Our labor in directing your progress in the pursuit of knowledge has been performed. We send you forth with confi- dence to take your places amongst those who have preceded you, and are now engaged in the benevolent work of healing. Accept then from me, in behalf of the Faculty of the Medical Depart- ment of Pennsylvania College, the assurance that as your teachers and your friends, we will regard your personal welfare and professional success, with an all absorbing and heart felt in- terest, as long as our life endures. It is probably too common to extend unqualified congratula- tions upon occasions like this, to the newly made members of our profession. It is to be feared that flattering impressions are thus made which fail in their realization, when the stern realities of professional life come to be encountered. We would not mislead you, upon this occasion, by any assurances that your day of life, though ushered in thus far by a bright and breezy morning, will be made up of vernal showers and mellow sunshine; but that much of it will be overshadowed by clouds and disturbed by storms. Your pathway through life cannot always be characterized by scenes of pleasantness and peace. You will have to brave the ordeal of pro- fessional conflict, and it remains for future revelations to disclose whether you have borne the strife manfully and honorably, or yielded to habits of indolence, and succumbed basely and igno- miniously to error, which every where holds out the captivating lure of wealth and ease to those engaged in the practice of medicine. The profession to which you have been admitted to-day is em- phatically a laborious one. If successful in obtaining the confi- dence of the community among whom you cast your lot, your pro- fessional duties will require so much of your time as to leave but lit- tle for repose and the ordinary social and intellectual enjoyments, which are so indispensable to our happiness. The physician, strictly speaking, has no time which he can properly call his own; even the rest and privileges of the Sabbath are often denied him. In the faithful performance of the duties due to his confiding patients, 5 his exposure to storm and flood, and the extremes of atmospheric temperature, exceeds that demanded by any other professional vocation. The midnight hour frequently finds him wending his solitary way through the depths of the forest, crossing high mountains, and fording swollen streams, at the imminent risk of his life. This arduous physical labor and exposure is equalled only, how- ever, by the mental anxieties which every conscientious practitioner continually experiences. The large number and vast variety of dis- eases which the practitioner is called upon to treat, located in the tissues and fluids, the organs and systems of organs of the body, re- quire the most intense concentration of mind, in order that he may make proper discrimination, and treat every case understandingly, and only thus, successfully. These diseases undergo changes through the influence of climate, season of the year, age, sex and condition in life ; through the impression made upon them by their various numerous and opposite causes, whether predisposing, exciting or proximate, and finally, the difficulties arising from the endless variety of remedies, modified in their effects by the type of the existing disease or by idiosyncrasy, all unite in perplexing the truly conscientious practitioner, and subjecting him to the severest mental trials. In seasons of pestilence all others may take refuge in flight and go to places of safety, but the faithful and true physician must stand fast at his post of duty. He dare not hesitate to ex- pose himself, night and day, to the deleterious influences of the insidious poison, whether in the cheerless tenements of poverty, or in the mansions of the affluent. He must become familiar with suffering and death, which meet him at every turn. Bereaved widows and helpless orphans become daily objects of his solici- tude and sympathy, and not unfrequently when worn down by his incessant toils, he falls an easy prey to the inexorable tyrant against whom he has battled so faithfully and disinterestedly for the benefit of others. The responsibilities of the profession which you have assumed are of the most weighty character. Life will be entrusted to you, often under circumstances the most trying. All the thrilling interests of the family circle may centre in a single case submitted to your care. It may be an only child, a 6 father or a mother, whose spirit is oscillating between life and death, a favorable result being wholly within the range of qualifi- cations conferred, under Providence, upon the thoroughly qualified physician. How momentous then are these responsibilities, and be assured they await every one of you. But, gentlemen, even your best and most successful efforts will not always shield you from the slanders of the self conceited, the ignorant or the in- terested. Your motives will be questioned, your practice misre- presented, and some cases even which may have been successful beyond all reasonable expectation, through the malignity of in- terested parties, may subject you to suits at law and induce your ruin. In sending you forth then, gentlemen, with the certain prospect of your having a share at least of such labors, trials and responsibilities, it is highly proper that we should pause before we so freely offer to you our unqualified congratulations; and as your friends and preceptors, offer to you a few suggestions in re- ference to your future course. As young men in the profession, you possess great advantages. You have been taught all that is most approved and reliable in Medicine. You are not under any bias from old opinions, long exploded by modern discoveries. The latest improvements and best established modes of practice in the treatment of all diseases have been clearly set before you. Daily opportunities of testing the value of the plans of treatment proposed, have been afforded you in the Infirmary of the College. There, too, you have wit- nessed the performance of numerous minor and major operations in Surgery, and observed their after treatment. Knowledge like this, so recent and approved, with a tendency towards continued increase, is most valuable, because it enables its possessor to become a practitioner of the very highest order. To insure this, a course of continued improvement must be resolved upon by every one of you now, if you would accomplish the noble mission of your profession, or you will deteriorate and become unworthy of the high position which you have this day attained. Failure in this will be fatal. There is no such thing as being sta- tionary in the profession; you must either advance or you will retrograde. Lost wealth may be regained by industry,—the wreck of health may be repaired by careful living,—even forfeit- 7 ed reputation may be won back by a life of penitence and virtue: but no one can again look upon his vanished hours, or recal slighted years, and stamp them with wisdom, or efface from Hea- ven's record the fearful blot of a wasted life. You have looked forward for years to this day with the most commendable wishes for its arrival. It has come, and your laudable aspirations have their full consummation. Allow me to assure you, gentlemen, of the probability that, at least some of you, in the future, will look back upon this day with intense desire that you could live it over again, in order that you might institute, enter upon, and live out a course of life far different from that which then may have brought upon you the remorse of wasted years, and of neglected oppor- tunities. Your first effort should be directed to the preservation of the position, which the exercises of to-day secure to you in the pro- fession. You may forfeit this by expecting too much. The young practitioner commits a great error when he indulges the expectation that his professional career is to be signalized at the outset, by great and astounding acts. It is but comparatively seldom that these characterize the practice of even the older mem- bers of the profession. Endeavor to maintain the reputation to which your medical education entitles you, and be content to add a little to this by the humble doings of every day, and your ele- vation will be more certain and permanent, and your usefulness greater than it can be by seeking great achievements only. To cast off and treat carelessly what are called minor cases of dis- ease, is to reject the surest stepping stones to a higher experience. Careful attention to every case, however humble, is necessary to an intelligent and useful experience; this, with patient study, and an elevated humanity, are the most valuable resources of the practitioner, and best safeguards of his patients. The various and numerous forms of disease will thus be observed more intelli- gently, and treated more successfully. The young practitioner who is indifferent to these elements of professional position, and is impatient of distinction, may spring up like the gourd of the night, only, however, to perish as speedily, and fail ever to attain the stately and permanent growth of the Lord of the forest. The door of greatest usefulness is often low and narrow, and he who 8 would enter it successfully, must divest himself of the erroneous notion that what are usually called great acts, are indispensable to his establishment in the confidence of the community. The mental discipline which your studies and College and Hos- pital duties have afforded you thus far, must be made the basis for further improvement. This is the only way in which you can commence properly, and execute successfully the life toil which is before you. Employ your mental faculties daily in the acqui- sition of at least a little knowledge, and you will obtain a greater control over what you already possess. Just as the grain of mus- tard seed has within it a vitality which enables it to develope the largest herb, so has the human mind the capacity within itself of the most surprising progress. If you do not resolve from the be- ginning to pursue a course of regular systematic study and ob- servation, there is great danger of relapsing into an indolent and spiritless routine, which is altogether inimical to progress, and robs the practice of medicine of all its attractions. Every sub- ject in medicine, no matter how repulsive it may have been in the commencement, becomes agreeable when once its elements are well understood. Such acquisition will require industry and per- severance, patient examination, comparison and reflection. Never allow yourselves to despond, and conclude that because you can- not at once master an intricate subject, that therefore its depths cannot be fathomed. The ordeal of professional life must be met and this will be severe or otherwise in proportion to your fitness to encounter it. If you, by neglect, become a mere stripling in at- tainment, and yet assume the position and action of a man, your lot will be a hard one; and you will fail to reach the position you are so anxious to attain. Young men too frequently pass on heedlessly and neglect their steady improvement, until taught by experience that which counsel alone could not impart. There is often a tendency to expend time upon unprofitable and unworthy objects, the mental energies are wasted by excessive diffusion, and weakened by lack of vigorous and concentrated exercise. To accumulate resources which will benefit you, apply yourselves to the study, for a few hours each day, of the master minds of the profession, who have given us their strong thoughts and matured experience. If the sculptor spends years in shaping 9 hard marble into graceful form, what should not the candidate for professional position in medicine do, to furnish and adorn his mind and fit it for usefulness in the noble vocation of his choice ? It is a common mistake with some young men to suppose that genius is sufficient for success in life. That there is naturally a difference in the mental endowments of men all admit; but it is equally true, that no amount of genius is sufficient to insure substaDtial success, without careful mental and moral culture. To rely upon this alone is a fallacy, and will lead to certain failure, even where it exists; but the most fatal error, which his vanity can commit, is, for a young man to rely upon genius, when he is destitute of it altogether. Young men, however, sometimes commit the opposite error, in supposing that they are destitute of talents, and therefore make no effort to rise above the most or- dinary attainments. These may be deficient in what is considered brilliancy, and yet possess all the solid elements of a great mind. Such, through persevering industry, often become the most useful amongst practical men, in the highest departments of science. Every man is just what his natural endowments, and his moral and intellectual culture make him. If his endowments are such as by common consent constitute him a genius, by the addition of patient industry, he may become a shining light in the world; but without such industry, he will very probably make shipwreck of all his advantages; whilst he whose natural endowments are quite ordinary, may, by persevering application, attain a most respectable position in any profession. The domain of medical knowledge, gentlemen, is before you, stretching away in all directions. There is no limit to its extent, nor to the subjects which it embraces. Enter boldly within its bounds, and secure the fruits which are there yielded so abun- dantly. Never become weary in the noble work of gathering, and appropriating, and dispensing to others that which "you have gathered. Thus has all science and art, and especially ours, been extended ; and thus they must continue to spread, until the whole earth has experienced their influence. The great object of all your researches must be to ascertain truth. Thus you will become possessed of a vantage ground which will afford you delight, equalled only by its power. No 10 pleasure is to be compared to that which springs from a know- ledge that you are right, because truth is on your side. Thus sustained, you will rise to a noble enthusiasm, in the acquisition of knowledge, and be inspired with the most cheering confidence in the practice of your profession. Success, accomplished through the truth, is the only true avenue to a worthy triumph. The career of the young man signalized by this, will exhibit an ever- advancing and ever-ascending march, characterized by successive victories, towards a most glorious consummation. To be truly great it is not necessary that you should occupy what are considered the higher public positions in the profession. Every one may become distinguished, whatever sphere he occupies, by continuing stead- fast and undeviating in his devotion to right principles. These with fearless integrity, and a character unsullied by unworthy actions, constitute greatness, even in the humbler walks of life. Without these elements of character, you will never enjoy the good opin- ion of the wise and good, or the approbation of your own con- science. Under the guidance of such principles, you will at once recede from erroneous positions, whenever the truth is convincingly set before you. You will have too much magnanimity to adhere to any false position, and be ever ready to express a manly regret for wrong done, under the influence of error, when this is dis- covered. To give expression to such regret, always strengthens the heart and produces the fairest and sweetest blossoms of life. Character thus built up and sustained, is more valuable than life and all else that pertains to life. A man may pass through the world happily without wealth, talent or influence, but, in the ab- sence of character, his life is a weariness, a waste, a burden, a curse. The man of character is not easily reached by malice, so as to sustain injury thereby. " As the refiner's fire and the ful- ler's soap,." so are calumny and insult to the character of the up- right and pure. Your standing amongst the members of the profession must rest upon professional ability and worth, dis- played constantly by rectitude of object and a most perfect sim- plicity of aim, far away from all the Teachings of art and finesse. You will thus establish a position in the profession of which your medical brethren will not be afraid, nor can it excite their envy. The " trickery of trade," so adroitly practised by the unprin- 11 cipled, is everywhere abhorred; whilst the man, who, in his pro- fessional intercourse, exhibits an undeviating honesty of purpose, and a due regard to the interests of others, is valued most highly. Whilst it is the duty of all to strive earnestly and continually for the highest possible degree of attainment, true worth never pub- lishes or vaunts itself, but observes the strictest delicacy and deference towards the interests of others. Medical men sustain their own character, and promote the honor of the profession most effectually, by upholding and sustaining each other. They thus become co-workers and not competitors, and soon discover that their fellows in the profession are their best and most instructive companions. An opposite course is disastrous to their own in- terests and comforts, and degrades the profession in the estima- tion of the public. I was once formally requested by an influential person to send a good physician to settle in the town in which he resided. Knowing that the locality was already occupied by a sufficient number of well qualified practitioners, I expressed my surprise, that he should make the request, and assured him that there existed no such necessity. He replied that their community had lost all confidence in their physicians, and that if but a tythe was true of that which they alleged against each other, they were all totally unworthy of confidence. Thus our noble profes- sion is often prostrated in the dust by the mistaken policy of its own members; and a door is widely opened for those who are ever ready to deceive the credulous invalid, and take his money by false pretences. Cultivate a due regard to the claims of general morality. Every man has within him the germs of ha- bits, which, if developed under unfavorable influences, may become his ruin. Even a warm and generous heart, by the indulgence, to excess, of its commendable qualities, may lead him to ruin, if its impulses are not held in check by a constant sense of duty to God and man. Constant watchfulness over every thought and feeling alone can preserve the earnest moral principle, which con- stitutes the balance wheel of character. He will never regret it, therefore, who spends but a small portion of every day in com- munion with the Father of Spirits, and in repairing to that pure fountain, the Bible, which purifies the life, informs the conscience, and properly regulates all our actions. Without such vigilance, 12 character may lose its vitality, and there is no telling the depths to which it may ultimately sink the individual. This will insure to the young physician the confidence of the community, as a man of sterling principle and of sense. He will exhibit in his intercourse a certain gravity of deportment, and an avoidance of levity, which are indispensable requisites in obtaining favor as a medical adviser. Civility will characterize all his actions, and prove a general passport to favor,—a letter of recommendation, which every one understands and appreciates. Life is pretty much what we make it. Even what are considered little things, may make and unmake us all. Endeavor always to maintain a cheerful disposition, which is a most fertile source of suc- cess and of happiness. If we look upon the bright side of life, with a benignant, hopeful aspect, it returns a smiling countenance; but if we regard it with dissatisfaction and distrust, it frowns back in gloom and despair. It is but necessary for each one of you to resolve to be happy, and you will at once have a power, which will rob even misfortune of its pang. No disaster can totally overwhelm you,—no sorrow can utterly break down your spirit. You will impress the hearts of all who come within the sphere of your influence with a like cheerfulness, and receive ample returns of kindness and love. The skillful and judicious practice of medicine, although inseparable from scenes of suffer- ing, is by no means inimical to cheerfulness. In the midst of such scenes, the practitioner goes forward, free from all despond- ency, sustained and encouraged by an intelligent hope. His thoughts are occupied by the successful issue which his skill is about to confer. His knowledge of disease assures him that, in- strumentally, he is able to effect cures in most cases, and that even in the few that terminate fatally, he can assuage the intensity of suffering. Thus cheered and sustained by success in healing the sick, the medical man becomes hopeful and cheerful by habit. His humanity and benevolence are elevated and gratified by suc- cess, and under its influence he enters the sick chamber with a confident spirit, and triumphantly divests even this of its gloom. He realizes continually that he is engaged in a great and good work, in the performance of which the cares and trials and re- sponsibilities of life lose their power. He is constantly plucking 13 fragrant flowers, which bloom in rich abundance along the path of duty, and enjoys to the fullest extent the luxury of doing good. If your aims and desires, gentlemen, are directed to these ends in the medical profession, there are laid up for you joys of the most exalted character. Laboring in the cause of benevolence, by relieving human suffering, you will be sustained by the wise, and receive the heartfelt gratitude of the truly good. Still we must admit that there is with all this, toil, anxiety, trial and responsibility. Without these there can be no fortitude, no pa- tience, no compassion, no sympathy. Many of our most exquisite pleasures are like stars; there must be night, or their existence is not known. Thus toil, so inseparable from the practice of medicine, becomes the price of sleep, of appetite, of health and of enjoy- ment. The very necessity which overcomes our natural sloth, proves itself a blessing. We are happier with the sterility which our industry overcomes, than with the most spontaneous and abundant profusion. The body and mind are strengthened and preserved by the labor which fatigues them, and are a thousand times rewarded by the pleasures which it has been instrumental in bestowing. These enjoyments are peculiar, and flow only from the exertions which they repay. The so called difficulties and trials incident to our profession, if met by calm resolution, founded on well established principles, may become the surest means of future success and elevation. Many of the events of life, which are at the time considered cala- mitous, will at last appear in a very different light, provided we meet them bravely, honestly and trustingly. The world does not contain a thorn or a briar which Divine mercy could have spared. Whilst the petals of the once beautiful flower are carried away by the rude blast, the seed and the fruit are ripening in the cap- sules. Should your course be violently assailed, and your motives be misconstrued, or should you be calumniated and become the victim of the envy of the unprincipled, labor to make your life more simply and transparently pure, more unmistakably virtuous, excellent and superior, and the time will come when you may be disposed to thank those who most maligned you. Strive earnestly and constantly to acquire sound principles, cultivate a true moral sensibility to right and wrong, and in every period of exigency 14 and trial, hold closely to these, and under providence you will always be sustained. The responsibilities of the practice of medicine, so appalling to some, will all be forgotten in your zeal to confer its benefits upon suffering humanity. The posts of danger and of high responsi- bility, numerous and forbidding as they may appear, make ours the most honorable of all vocations in times of public pestilence. Its worthy members at these periods of public calamity, hesitate not to expose and sacrifice their lives, from motives of humanity alone. There is neither drum or trumpet to lure them on, no triumphal arches in prospect to excite their ambition, or stimu- late their courage, but the ever abiding desire to relieve suffering and save life sustains them. Squalid poverty, human agony and • the wail of the bereavecf, are the incentives to the field in which the physician labors and triumphs. To this glorious work you should aspire, and you will not fail to realize a degree of moral elevation and unalloyed happiness, which neither wealth, station, or the zeal of friends can secure for you. The humblest man of the profession, though comparatively unknown, through his un- bending integrity and devotion to the cause of humanity, may attain a grandeur of character, and sources of self gratulation, which no man in mere power or wealth can boast. He works silently, judiciously and constantly, and is worth to humanity a thousand times more than he who is elevated in the glare of sel- fishness, and popular applause by the hands of others. As- suredly this is heroism and glory of the noblest and grandest character. To those of you who have sincerely devoted your lives to the benevolent work of healing, and resolve now to enter upon your professional labors with a determination to seek the high- est style of moral and professional qualification, we offer our most hearty and unreserved congratulations, with sincere assur- ances that your life will be characterized by the most enduring pleasures. Return then to the loved ones of home, who await your presence with the most thrilling anxieties. Their hearts doubtless swell with pride in view of the honors conferred upon you this day. Amongst these there may be one, dearer to you than father or mother. 15 Imagination here draws the curtain which conceals the future, and discloses a little world of joy and love, of innocence and tranquillity, which will be to you a haven of calm from the tem- pests of life. In that prospective home, you will forget your trials, and cares, and disappointments, for you can there open your heart in confidence and love free from restraint, under the hal- lowed influence of the most sacred of all earthly ties. Go forth then, gentlemen, with the determination to fulfil your high mission, in the fear of Him in whose hands are the issues of life. Carry with you, as a farewell offering, assurances of our friendship and our prayers for your success in all that is praise- worthy. Ever seek the truth perseveringly, patiently, and do it. '' Without haste ! without rest! Bind the motto to thy breast; Bear it with thee as a spell; Storm or sunshine, guard it well! Heed not flowers that round thee bloom, Bear it onward to the tomb! Haste not! let no thoughtless deed Mar for aye the spirit's speed; Ponder well and know the right, Onward then with all thy might; Haste not! years can ne'er atone For one reckless action done. Rest not! life is sweeping by, Go and dare before you die: Something mighty and sublime Leave behind to conquer time! Glorious 'tis to live for aye When these forms have passed away. Haste not! rest not! calmly wait: Meekly bear the storms of fate! Duty be thy polar guide— Do the right whate'er betide! Haste not 1 rest not! conflicts past, God shall crown thy work at last." Farewell. q:r^jdtt.a.tes. At a public Commencement of the Medical Department of Pennsylvania College, held at the Musical Fund Hall, on Saturday, March 5th, 1859, the Degree of Doctor of Medicine was conferred on the following gentlemen, on behalf of the Faculty, by Rev. H. L. Baugher, D. D., President of Pennsyl- vania College, Gettysburg. NAME. Wm. Adams, Bartram, T. S. Bartine, 0. H. Battle, Lee W. Beecher, George B. Bowes, M. F. Burgess, A. H. Brubaker, D. M. Chase, J. W. Chritzman, Henry G. Evans, J. R. M. Guth, I. J. Hall, T. Hartley Harris, Iverson L. Harris, Richard H. Haywood, T. B. Huber, J. Frank. Jackson, J. M. B. Kenan, Spalding Kennedy, H. K. McMorris, C. N. McKee, R. B. McKinney, D. F. Moyer, J. S. Norton, S. E. Reeves, E. L. Smith, A. J. W. Schumo, E. Turner, H. B, Van Valzah, S. L. Wright, J. J. Wynne, W. B. Ziegler, P. M. RESIDENCE. Salona, Pa. Philadelphia, Pa. Princeton, N. J. Orion, Alabama. Milledgeville, Ga. Erie, Michigan. Damboro', Pa. Hempfield, Pa. Philadelphia, Pa. Greencastle, Pa. Bloomsburg, Pa. Cazenovia, N. Y. Milledgeville, Ga. Rossville, Pa. Lancaster City, Pa. Savannah, Ga. Darien, Georgia. Lewisburg, Pa. New Buffalo, Pa. Odessa, Delaware. Phelps' Mills, Pa. Kulpsville, Pa. Montgomery, Ala. Port Elizabeth, N. J, Millersburg, Pa. Philadelphia, Pa. Mifflinburg, Pa. Kirk's Mills, Pa. Morgantown, Pa. Mount Joy, Pa. SUBJECT OF ESSAY. Intermittent Fever. Dyspepsia. The Practitioner. Prolapsus Uteri. Reproduction. Croup, Varieties, &c. Food, and the sources of its de- mand in animals. Opium. On Spinal Irritation, or Nervous Rheumatism. Treatment of Phthisis. Ergot. The Curve of Gilbert. Miasmatic Fever. Inflammation of the Cervix Uteri. Spermatorrhoea. Bilious Colic. Uterine Hemorrhage. Yellow Fever. Iritis. Iodine. Intermittent Fever. Inflammation, Phenomena of Cholera Infantum. Renal Calculi. Yellow Fever. Chronic Bronchitis. Typhus Fever. Use of Alcohol in Phthisis. Conduct of a Labor. Acute Bronchitis. The Study of Medicine. Parturition. Abortion. V of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children. PENNSYLVANIA COLLEGE—MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Session or 1859-60. FACULTY. DAVID GILBERT, M.D., |Pro£ ALFRED STILLS, M.D., Prof. Theory and Practice of Medicine. JNO. NEILL, M.D., Prof. Principles and Practice of Surgery. JOHN J. REESE, M.D., Prof. Medical Chemistry. JOHN B. BIDDLE, M.D , Prof. Therapeutics and Materia Medica. FRANCIS G. SMITH, M.D., Prof. Institutes of Medicine. J. H. B. McCLELLAN, M D , Prof. Special and Surgical Anatomy. ----- -----, Demonstrator of Anatomy. The Session of 1859-60 will commence on Monday, 10th of October, and continue, without intermission, until the first of March. The examination of candidates for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine will be held at the close of the Session. The Commencement for conferring Degrees will take place early in .March, causing as little detention of the Graduating Class, after the close of the Lectures, as possible. There will also be an examination of candidates for graduation, on the first of July ; the Degree, in such cases, being conferred at the ensuing Commence- ment in March. The Rooms for Practical Anatomy will be open early in September. Clinical instruction at the College Hospital, adjoining the College, will be given on every Wednesday and Saturday throughout the Session. The Register of Matriculants will be open in the College Building, early in September. The Janitor will always be present at the College, to give every necessary assistance and information (as regards board, &c) to students, on their arrival in the city. FEES. Matriculation (paid once only,) . $ r> 00 For each Professor's ticket, . . . 15 00 Graduation, . . . . . . 30 00 FRANCIS G. SMITH, M.D., Registrar, March, 1859. No. 1504 Walnut above 15th Street.