WB H328p 1898 63420290R NLM OSlMfllMA 5 NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE — =-------■-----:T\W< SURGEON GENERAL'S OFFICE i* ^ Section / Xhelf Mo. / GifjL, J fc PRESENTED BY !l ite& NLM051481485 \ I '"•" '• ; ^1 i' |^r^. V **%k ^1 . v.,- jp ^' ✓ "\ ppw JM > A 3k #C — t. ft EBENEZER KINGSBURY HUNT, M. D. PROCEEDINGS OF THE DEDICATION of the Hunt Memorial Building by THE HARTFORD MEDICAL SOQETY, February I, J898. fjilTlYAftY" i SURGEON GENERACS OFFICE ! J UN. *1.t* ISAM KoisnG . WB PLIMPTON PRINT, HARTFORD. Mrs. MARY CROSBY HUNT. Order of Exercises. PRAYER. REV. SAMUEL HART, D. D. HISTORY AND PURPOSES of the Building and its formal Presentation to the Board of Trustees. MELANCTHON STORRS, M. D. ACCEPTANCE OF THE BUILDING on behalf of the Board of Trustees. GURDON W. RUSSELL, M. D. POEM. NA THAN MA YER, M. D. ADDRESS. DANIEL C. GILMAN, LL. D., President of Johns-Hopkins University. BENEDICTION. REV. CHESTER D. HARTRANFT, D. D. / ERRATA. p. 42, line 5 : CHARLES NOEL FLAGG, instead of NOEL H. FLAGG. p. 45: F. T. SIMPSON, instead of T. F. SIMPSON. pp. 47, 48: GEORGE RUBENS SHEPHERD, instead of GEORGE REUBENS SHEPHERD. p. vii., Introduction, 6th line from bottom, read "of," instead of "with." INTRODUCTION. EXCERPTS PROM THE RECORDS OF THE HARTFORD MEDICAL SOCIETY. At the annual meeting, January 6, 1890, on motion of Dr. Avery, one hundred dollars, the surplus as reported by the Treasurer, was voted to be set aside as a nucleus for the building fund. Drs. Gurdon W. Russell, Melancthon Storrs and George R. Shepherd were appointed a building committee. At the annual meeting, January 5, 1891, the Building Committee reported, through Dr. Russell, that while no money had been willed to the Society for a new buildings during the past year, he still thought we should receive some in good time. Dr. Shepherd stated: That while he could not say from what source he derived his information, he was in a position to assure the Society that we would certainly have money left or given to us in the near future. At the annual meeting, February 1, 1892, the Trustees reported a fund of a little over one hundred dollars in the savings bank, bearing interest. The Secretary, in his annual report, said: "The need of the Society in respect to better quarters in which to meet, a place adequate to the purposes of the Society, and in some measure commensurate with the dignity and importance of the profession in the community, is more and more felt, and it is hoped that some immediate arrangements can be made in that direction." At the annual meeting, January 2, 1893, the Building Committee, reported by Dr. Russell: "nothing has been done; desirable to make a beginning; though there is nothing tangible, feels assured there is some- thing substantial in prospect." Dr. Wainwright spoke of the desira- bility of doing something at once. Dr. Davis offered to be one of five to give one hundred dollars each, as a beginning, which offer was en- thusiastically received, and subscriptions to the amount of $1,300 were made by the members present. vi. INTRODUCTION. November 20, 1893, the following were read by the Secretary: 207 Farmington Avenue, Nov. 20, 1893. Dr. Gideon C. Segur, Secretary Hartford Medical Society, My Dear Doctor—As I shall not be at the meeting to-night, I enclose a copy of the 4th clause of the will of the late Mary C. Hunt, which was sent me by the Judge of Probate. There are three points connected with this legacy which are worthy of special notice: 1st. That we shall acquire a lot of ground, free from debt or incum- brance, in the city of Hartford. 2d. That it shall be for our own occupation and use. 3d. That we shall agree to erect a building upon it, to be known as a Memorial of Dr. Ebenezer K. Hunt. The lot to be acquired within two years. When these conditions are complied with, within two years, there will be paid to us the sum of $20,000. It seems to me that it is proper to appoint a committee to take this whole matter into consideration and report to a future meeting of the Society. Among the first points for us to settle, is the amount which we can probably raise to pay for the lot. Truly yours, Gurdon W. Russell. State of Connecticut, 1 ^ , , ^^ District of Hartford, }Probate 0ffice" I, Robert C. Dickenson, Clerk of the Court of Probate for the District of Hartford, in said State, and keeper of the seal thereof, do certify that the following is a true copy of the 4th clause of the will of Mary C. Hunt, of Hartford, deceased: "IV. In case The Hartford City Medical Society shall purchase or acquire a lot of ground in the city of Hartford, in their own name, free from debt or incumbrance, within two years from my death, and shall covenant to erect thereon a building for their own occupation and use, to be known and designated as a memorial of my late husband, Dr. Ebenezer K. Hunt, then I give and bequeath to said Society, for the pur- pose of erecting said building, the sum of twenty thousand dollars. If the foregoing provisions are not completed within two years after my decease, this bequest is to become null and void, and said sum is to be- come a part of my residuary estate. And further, if during my lifetime I should give to said Society, for the purpose above specified, the whole or any part of said sum of $20,000, then whole or the corresponding part of said legacy is extinguished and is to be void." In Testimony Whereof, I have hereunto affixed the Seal of [seal] said Court, and subscribed my name, at Hartford this 9th day of November, 1893. Robert C. Dickenson, Clerk. INTRODUCTION. vu. State of Connecticut, ss. I, Harrison B. Freeman, sole Judge of the Court of Probate for the District of Hartford, in said State, do hereby certify that Robert C. Dickenson, whose name is subscribed to the above attestation, was, at the time of signing the same, and still is, Clerk of said Court, and that said attestation is in due form of law. In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name, at Hartford, this 9th day of November, A. D. 1893. Harrison B. Freeman, Judge. Voted, To refer the entire matter to Building Committee. Voted, That the Building Committee prepare and report suitable resolutions with reference to the legacy. Dr. Alton, the treasurer, reported amount on hand in Building Fund, $925.00. Dec. 18, 1893.—The following resolution was reported by the Build- ing Committee: The Hartford Medical Society is much indebted to the late Mrs. Mary C. Hunt, for the proposed gift of twenty thousand dollars ($20,000,) for the purpose of erecting a building "for their own occu- pation and use," as a memorial of her husband, the late Dr. Ebenezer K. Hunt, long a member of this Society, and prominent among its founders and supporters; and will make earnest efforts to secure the necessary lot for the building, at the earliest time possible, and hope to secure the same before the period specified. And the Society returns its thanks to the family of Mrs. Hunt, for this kind remembrance, which will be a fitting memorial of an early and long esteemed member, and exceedingly useful for our purposes. It is recommended that the clause of the will of Mrs. Hunt, relating to this Society, be entered upon our records, and that a copy of this minute be sent to the executors. G. W. Russell. M. Stores. Geo. R. Shepherd. Voted, To accept report and adopt the resolution. January 1, 1894.—The Trustees reported: "Whole amount of funds now in the hands of the Trustees of The Hartford Medical Society, $1,374.76." Dr. Russell started a subscription for the building fund, pledging a sum to be paid on or before October 1, 1895, with $1,000. Dr. G. P. Davis followed with $500.00. After some discussion, it was decided to defer further action. January 7, 1895.—The Building Committee reported as follows: The Building Committee beg leave to report, that while no subscrip- tions have been added to those presented at the last annual meeting, yet viii. INTRODUCTION. the subject has been frequently considered by them and so has not been lost sight of. It has not been thought necessary to mention in detail the different locations which we have considered, or which have been brought to our notice. Some of these were not desirable, and some were far beyond our pecuniary ability. The range of limitations for the lot, mentioned last year, seem to us as proper to be adhered to. The Society should ascertain nearly the amount which it is able to pay, and then the subscription should be vigorously pushed. If a very favorable lot is offered to us, but the sum appears to be beyond our ability, we might properly call upon our friends outside of our profession for a part of the amount. Gurdon W. Russell, ~\ M. Storrs, [■ Committee. Geo. R. Shepherd, J Hartford, Jan. 7, 1895. After its acceptance, $1,300 additional was subscribed by the mem- bers present, and it was decided to take a vote upon available building sites at the first meeting in February, the sites mentioned being Main street, south of Atheneum; corner of Trinity and Capitol; High street, between Church and Allyn, and Prospect street. February 4, 1895.—The Building Committee announced pledges from non-professional friends of $1,000, if the Prospect street site was selected. Dr. G. P. Davis was added to the Building Committee. February 18, 1895.—Dr. Russell reported pledges by members of the Society amounting to....................................................$5,835.00 And by friends: Mrs. George G. Williams..................$1,000.00 Mr. George G. Williams................... 1,000.00 Mr. J. C. Parsons...............'.............. 250.00 Rev. Francis Goodwin..................... 500.00 Mrs. Maria H. Welles...................... 200.00 $2,950.00 Making a total of......................$8,785.00 It was decided to take a vote upon the building site at a subsequent meeting upon call of the Building Committee. March 4, 1895— Dr. Storrs announced additions to the fund for building, carrying the total to $10,300.00, and that the Society might be called upon at any time to take definite action concerning a site. March 18, 1895.—Dr. Russell presented for the consideration of the Society the lot No. 38 Prospect street, now the property of Mrs. Ed- ward Perkins, 75x200 feet, for $10,000. INTRODUCTION. IX. It was decided to call a special meeting to vote upon a building site, March 21, at 9 p.m. March 21, 1895.—A largely attended special meeting was held, at which thirty-eight members were present, and it was voted to adopt the suggestion of the Building Committee as embodied in their report, and purchase the lot at 38 Prospect street. June 17, 1895.—It was unanimously voted, That the Trustees of The Hartford Medical Society be, they hereby are, directed to pay from the funds deposited in the Security Company, to the order of John C. Parsons, Francis B. Cooley and John R. Redfield, as trustees, under the will of the late Edward R. Perkins, the sum of ten thousand dollars, payment to be made at such times and in such installments as the Build- ing Committee shall decide. October 7, 1895.—Dr. Storrs reported that the deed of the Prospect street property, passed September 30th, subject to a lease to May 1, 1896. It was voted that the Building Committee be requested to report at the next annual meeting specific recommendation of the details de- sired in the proposed building. October 21, 1895.—Dr. Storrs reported that the committee had received word from the trustees of Mrs. Mary C. Hunt that they would pay over to the Society $20,000.00 on Wednesday, Oct. 23d. November 4, 1895.—Voted, That the trustees be, and they are, hereby authorized to act for the Society in all matters pertaining to the deposit, withdrawal or investment of funds now belonging to or that may hereafter accrue to the Society and that all votes heretofore passed inconsistent herewith are repealed. January 6, 1896.—The Trustees reported that they had received from the Treasurer, on account of the building fund.................$9,951.00 Interest...................................................................................... 202.48 Legacy of Mrs. Mary C. Hunt..................................................20,000.00 $30,153.48 Paid for Perkins property...................................$10,000.00 Fund in Security Company................................. 20,000.00 Balance in Security Company............................ 153.48 $30,153.48 In State Savings Bank....................................... 123.43 Making a total of $276.91 as the cash assets of the Society. X. INTRODUCTION. Dr. Russell, upon his urgent request, was excused from active service upon the Building Committee, with the understanding that he would act as an advisory member. May 18, 1896.—Building Committee reported the house at 38 Pros- pect street ready for occupancy and it was voted to hold the next meet- ing of the Society there. June 1, 1896.—The first meeting of the Society at 38 Prospect street was held in the old Perkins house, June 1, 1896, at which there was a large attendance of forty-two members. A preliminary sketch of a new building was shown by Dr. Shepherd and the Society voted that the building committee proceed at once to obtain plans and arrange to build. June 15, 1896.—The Building Committee requested power to employ an architect and perfect plans, and it was Voted, That the Building Committee be, and they hereby are, em- powered to select and employ an architect to prepare designs and speci- fications for the Hunt Memorial Building, and to submit the plans selected to the Society, for approval, at a meeting named for that pur- pose. Voted, That the Building Committee be, and they hereby are, authorized to dispose of the house on Prospect street, in such manner as in their judgment will be for the best interests of the Society. September 7, 1896.—Dr. Shepherd, for building committee, pre- sented two sketches by McKim, Mead & White, of New York, for inspection and comment. It was decided that the sketches should be left with the secretary for examination of members. January 4, 1897.—The trustees reported that the sum of $21,453.71 was on deposit available for the building fund. June 7, 1897.—Voted, That the trustees be, and they hereby are, authorized to disburse the funds of the Society as the same may be required from time to time for the erection and furnishing of the Hunt Memorial Building. September 6, 1897.—Dr. Storrs, for Building Committee, reported that all contracts had been let including grading and coal for one year. The total expense did not exceed the appropriations. The name of President Gilman, of Johns-Hopkins University, was presented as a possible speaker at the dedication exercises, and it was voted to leave the arrangements of dedication in the hands of the Building Committee. V V- MANTEL PRESENTED BY Mrs. G. P. DAVIS. INTRODUCTION. xi. October 18, 1897.—Dr. Davis, for the Building Committee, requested contributions from the members of furnishings for the new building. Upon request of the Building Committee, it was Voted, That Drs. Alton, E. K. Root, Law and Segur, be added to the Building Committee, to assist in arranging for its furnishing. Dr. Storrs reported that President Gilman had accepted an invita- tion to be present at the dedication of our new building. November 15, 1897.—Voted, That the secretary be directed to extend the thanks of the Society to Mrs. M. M. Johnson and Mrs. Samuel Goodrich for their proffered gifts of furnishings for the new So- ciety building, in memory of Drs. Jackson and Butler. December 6, 1897.—Dr. Storrs remarked upon difficulties respecting the placing of one elaborate mantel in the new society building, and how it was overcome through the generosity of Mrs. G. P. Davis, whose let- ter was read, as follows: Dr. M. Storrs, Chairman Hunt Memorial Building Committee. My Dear Dr. Storrs—Will you accept this stone mantel for your hall as my contribution to the Society, in grateful acknowledgment of many acts of kindness received by me from its members. Yours very sincerely, November 16, 1897. Elise L. Davis. A vote of thanks to Mrs. Davis was unanimously voted. January 3, 1898.—In his annual report the secretary says: A visit to the new society building this morning would have been sufficient to convince the most skeptical of the industry of your building committee— a dozen or more men were busily engaged in pushing the work. The reports from time to time at the meetings from the committee, although they evidenced the progress of the work, could hardly be taken as an exponent of the faithful, conscientious and indefatigable labors of Drs. Storrs, Davis and Shepherd. January 17, 1898.—Announcement was made of the arrangements of the committee for the dedication exercises of the Hunt Memorial Building on February 1. Dr. W. M. Hudson was appointed auditor of accounts of the build- ing committee. Attest, GIDEON C. SEGUR, Secretary. PRAYER. Rev. Samuel Hart, D. D. O Lord, our heavenly Father, who dost bring to thy people health and cure, and dost reveal unto them the abundance of peace and truth; Vouchsafe to be present with us who are here gathered together, in humility and readiness of mind, to dedicate this place to the honor of thy great Name, to the memory of thy servant whose name it bears, for the advancement of sound learning and brotherly love, and for the relief of such as suffer from pain and weakness. We thank thee, gracious Father, for all the means which thou hast provided to comfort and heal the sick, for the skill of mind and of hand which thou dost give, for the gentleness and patience and bravery which thou dost put into the hearts of those who care for the suffering, and for the pious labors and generous gifts of all who provide for such as are in want and trouble. Mercifully accept the labors of those who shall here study or consult or provide for the sick; and reward them abundantly for all the good that they shall design or do, opening to them new treasures of thy wisdom and thy providence, and blessing them that they may increase in knowledge and in the ability and the will to serve others. And give the fulness of thy blessing to all who shall re- ceive their care, that they may know thy love and find thy healing power both in the body and in the spirit. We confess, 0 Lord, that we are not worthy to offer any- thing to thee; yet we pray thee graciously to accept the service of our hearts and hands, and to bless it with such success as may tend most to thy glory and to the further- ance of our happiness both temporal and spiritual. And we bless thy holy Name, 0 Lord, for all thy servants de- parted this life in thy faith and fear; beseeching thee to give us grace so to follow their good examples, that with 2 PRAYER. them we may be partakers of thy heavenly kingdom. Direct us, we pray, in all our doings, with thy most gracious favor, and further us with thy continual help; that in all our -works begun, continued, and ended in thee, we may glorify thy holy Name, and finally, by thy mercy, obtain everlasting life; through Jesus Christ our Lord, who hath taught us to pray to thee, 0 Almighty Father, in his prevailing words: Our Father, who art in heaven, Hallowed be thy Name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done on earth, As it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our trespasses, As we forgive those who tres- pass against us. And lead us not into temptation; But deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever and ever. Amen. HISTORY AND PURPOSES OF THE BUILDING AND ITS FORMAL PRESENTATION TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES. ____ Melancthon Storrs, M. D. The Hartford Medical Society was founded fifty-one years ago—a voluntary organization of fifteen members. Its present membership is eighty-two. It became evident some years ago that this society, so rapidly increasing, needed larger accommodations, and also, that if it would keep abreast of medical progress, it must increase its facil- ities for medical study and original -work. To this end a charter was obtained of the legislature in 1889, and a fund was started for a building. In 1893, November 9, the will of Mrs. Mary C. Hunt, widow of the late Dr. Eb- enezer K. Hunt, was admitted to probate and contained the following item, -which, with feelings of responsive gratitude, we will read: Item: "In case the Hartford City Medical Society shall purchase or acquire a lot of ground in the city of Hartford, in their own name, free from debt or incumbrance, within two years from my death, and shall covenant to erect thereon a building for their own occupation and use, to be known and designated as a memorial of my late husband, Dr. Ebenezer K. Hunt, then I give and bequeath to said society, for the purpose of erecting said building the sum of twenty thousand dollars. If the foregoing conditions are not complied with within two years after my decease, the bequest is to become null and void, and said sum is to become a part of my residuary estate." The testatrix knew the mind of Dr. Hunt in regard to a suitable building for the society, for he had often ex- pressed his views and his wishes in regard to it. With this knowledge and with her interest in the society, greater from his long membership, it was natural that her gift should come in the way of a memorial legacy. The purchase of a site in the specified time, free of all incumbrance, met the conditions of the will. The purchase money for the lot came from the contributions alluded to and from additional subscriptions from members, and about an equal amount was given by generous donors 4 HISTORY AND PURPOSES. whose names are on record. It is just, however, to state that $2,000 was given by Mr. George G. Williams and his wife, Mrs. Jeanuette C. Hunt Williams, showing their per- sonal interest in this enterprise and their desire to make the legacy available. Both to them and all other friends contributing, the society would, at this time, reaffirm its hearty appreciation of generous aid and sympathy. Some time was required in deciding upon a location and still more in determining upon the design or char- acter of the building. If it had been for a residence or for a warehouse, models could have been found on every hand; but this building was to be for special and unique purposes. First of all, it -was to be a memorial struc- ture, worthily commemorating one -who had been in all the years of his life a public-spirited citizen, a distinguished member of the medical profession, and an esteemed mem- ber of this society. This building was also to be for the medical uses and purposes of the society. And as it was in contemplation to enlarge our work, and several rooms would be needed, it was important that every part should be adapted to its peculiar use and all in harmony. To get the best results the committee obtained as far as possible the individual views of members and submitted them finally to Messrs. McKim, Mead & White, well known architects of New York, to modify and arrange into a suitable structure. Satisfactory plans were at last obtained and contracts favorably made, as follows: CD. Kinney, of New Haven, mason work; Purves & Malcolm, of Hartford, carpenter and joiner work; the William Van- derman Company, Willimantic, heating; George Mahl, of Hartford, plumbing and gas fitting; the Connecticut Elec- trical Company, New Haven, electric lighting; all under the personal supervision of Mr. George H. Gilbert. The committee take great pleasure in saying that the contractors have been faithful to their agreements, and, while there has been unavoidable delay, no friction or trouble has arisen in carrying on the work. This building now speaks for itself. Opinions con- cerning it will vary. It can be criticized in all its features HISTORY AND PURPOSES. 5 —in its lines, proportions, materials, construction, adap- tation and ornamentation. But the committee believe that for the expenditure no better building can be found in the city; that it will retain its expression and life when other buildings more pretentious have faded and disap- peared, and will be adequate for years, and being capable of enlargement can be made ample for many generations. Its earlier completion would have added to the interest of the recent celebration of our fiftieth anniversary. It would have been the appropriate ending of the half century; but the assurance that we had at that time begat an inspira- tion and gave us fresh hope and courage. Such in brief is the story of this building. And first of all we congratulate the society upon its location. Every street in the city was ready to welcome the Hunt Memorial, but there was only one place suit- able. We came to this center as by gravitation, not wholly from sentiment, though it is pleasing to be on the street and near the home of our honored friend so much in our thoughts to-day. We could not locate this struc- ture in any new or obscure part of the city, but right here in the center of its life and activity, near the center of its travel and traffic, but just outside of its noise and bustle. Its completion allows us to take our place among other institutions and corporations having significant and appropriate buildings, adding dignity, respect and stability to the organization. It is especially appropriate that the oldest profession in the world, and the one, save the Church, having the highest mission of good, should have the best location and the best building in the city. This building marks a new era in the plans and pur- poses of the society. A brighter future and greater achievements await us. But we have no word in deroga- tion of the past. The foundations of the society were wisely laid and the superstructure has been builded by fifty years of associated life without a ripple of divided sentiment, and of conscientious devotion to scientific med- icine and to the public good. We have often been asked for what purpose is this 6 HISTORY AND PURPOSES. building. If it -were complete in its furnishings it would of itself suggest answers to this question, but as it is, a word of explanation may be needed. We point out some of its more obvious purposes: Dispensary rooms have been arranged, or an out-of- door department. At the present time hospitals and dis- pensaries are sharply criticized, it being alleged that they are an abuse of charity or an imposition upon the gratu- itous services of the profession. This grows very largely out of their management. We feel sure that a dispensary under the supervision of the Hartford Medical Society would disarm all criticism and would retain the favor and the confidence of the people upon which the measure of our work would largely depend. The library is of great importance to the society. No physician can afford a complete medical library, especially books for reference. No public library carries a line of them. Medical societies in the larger cities have been able to secure large libraries of great service. We have made a beginning; but medical works are very expensive on ac- count of the rapid progress of medicine requiring a revision or a new compilation every two or three years. This library of medical and scientific books will be avail- able to the public and of great convenience. No depart- ment of our work needs a larger endowment. The meeting room, so-called, is where the stated meet- ings are held; where papers are read and cases are hypo- thetically stated; it is the deliberative council chamber of the society. The discussions are professional and so exclu- sive. Sometimes, however, these discussions are of public importance, and result in a change in public sentiment and in legislation. For example: Previous to 1878, when the state board of health was established, there was scarcely a page concerning health legislation in the statute book. Now there are over sixty pages of wise and beneficent health measures, and they will never be abrogated, but will be made more comprehensive and effective. Most of these enactments have had their origin in our deliberations. HISTORY AND PURPOSES. 7 This larger room in which we are assembled is made convenient for the county and state society and for lec- tures from the most distinguished men of science and medicine, to which the public will be invited. It has also been suggested that a fund for prize essays for original work should be established. It would be helpful to medi- cine and might add renown to the Hunt Memorial. The laboratory for physiological, chemical and bac- teriological experiments has done more for the advance- ment of medicine than any other department of study, and, in the last few years, chiefly in the line of bacteri- ology. The finding of the disease producing germs gives scientific exactness to medicine. It is the work of the laboratory to ascertain the character and properties of these germs, how to destroy them, how to counteract their pernicious effects, and how to furnish immunity from the germs themselves or from their poisons. This is in the line of preventing, arresting or scientifically treating disease. To find one of these germs would bring great honor to the Hunt Memorial and to Hartford. Bacteri- ology has made important revelations in medicine, but in surgery its triumphs have been more striking and bril- liant. It has changed the study of pathology or the study of disease. A few years ago pathology was nearly the synonym for morbid anatomy or morbid specimens, learned at the bedside, autopsy or in the museum. Bac- teriology brings us to pathology upon the etiological or causal side, and the germ or its toxins is found to be the underlying cause of the various forms and expressions of the disease. All this is scientific and not expectant. Al- ready the scourge and the pestilence are held in abeyance, and the more common diseases, more to be feared because ever with us, as typhoid fever, consumption, diphtheria, cholera infantum, will all be stamped out; and it looks now as though in turn every disease except those of vice and crime would share a similar fate; then man will live on to reach his constitutional age limit. All this is the work of the laboratory in one of its lines—bacte- riology. Hospitals and contagious wards are builded 8 HISTORY AND PURPOSES. at great expense. It might be more economical to equip the laboratory and lessen the demand for more and larger hospitals. The anatomical and photograph rooms make an an- nex to the laboratory. In the days of John Hunter, when pathology was studied largely from the development of morbid forms, large collections of morbid specimens were made and much room was required. Parliament gave to the estate of John Hunter $75,000 for his collection, and an equal sum for a building. Now, by the aid of perfected photography and skilled drawing, the essential features of such specimens can be preserved with less difficulty and less expense; so the museum or anatomical room, becomes the repository of the laboratory, containing its slides, photographs, dry dissections and the rarer forms of wet specimens. These are some of the more obvious features suggested by this building. There are others more consequential or inferential. We have now become an institution. The corporate existence of the society, its fixed place for assemblage and work, its many departments for study and original re- search, its alliance with every other institution of culture, science and art, and true to the traditions of medicine, its active co-operation with every institution of humanity and philanthropy, should give to it a place among the higher and better institutions of the State. It is the medi- cal institution of Hartford, the postgraduate school of medicine, a training school for the profession, differing somewhat from the postgraduate school organized upon business principles for gain or reputation. We leave to colleges the undergraduate department. We fashion the graduates into practical and successful physicians. Our field is applied medicine. There ought to be such a school of medicine inaugurated in every city of the State. It would broaden and strengthen the foundations of medi- cine ; while, on the other hand, if the colleges were multi- plied, peril and disaster would be imminent. As an illustration, I cite the fact, that according to the report of HISTORY AND PURPOSES. 9 the Nebraska board of health, to the best of my recollec- tion, Chicago two years ago had eighteen chartered medi- cal colleges, good and bad, and some other cities -were not far behind. Such a superfluity tends to unworthy compe- tition, to over-production, and cheapens the product. From the fraudulent or uneducated physician the State of Connecticut, with other States, has wisely safeguarded the public by an enactment requiring examination and license. This is as far as the State could go. It serves a notice upon colleges that half-educated physicians will not be admitted into the State, and that the standard of medicine must be elevated. No institution in modern times has taken so long a step forward in this direction, having a larger conception of medical culture, striking, as it were, the keynote of progress, wThich has arrested the attention of the civilized world, as that institution whose distinguished president and organizer honors us to-night. The Johns-Hopkins Hospital has done a great work, giving to other colleges an illustrious example of the highest possible organiza- tion of men and equipments, for both the undergraduate and postgraduate departments. And is now beginning to send out its graduates of a high character, and whether they go to reconstruct other institutions or take their place in the rank and file of medicine, they will be recognized and their influence will be potential. Such men will give new thoughts to the community and displace the half-educated physicians as surely as the training school has supplanted the old order of nurses. Already many of the better colleges, following their example, have raised their standard of admission, increased the years of study and improved their curricula. The inferior col- leges must fall into line or become extinct. This move- ment is the only hope, the only way of meeting the perils incident to the large number, or inferior quality, of medi- cal colleges, and under a bold and authoritative leader- ship we are assured of success. In the meantime the influence of this postgraduate institution of our own, the first and the only one in the 10 HISTORY AND PURPOSES. State, will become dominant and will so attract the attention of other cities that individual divisions and jealousies will melt away and good fellowship will cement them into a compacted and efficient working organiza- tion. Now, after fifty years of wandering, we gather about our own fireside. The feeling of home comes to us, some- thing already of endearment. The fraternal ties are strengthened. But this is no home of rest or recreation, but of hard and earnest toil. This building is then our training school, home and workshop; for here we will forge the weapons to strike down every foe to human life. Or, in less belligerent tones, we say that we will in a more quiet -way solve some of the harder problems of the profession, or make, as we -will some time, some great discovery such as was made here in this city, about the beginning of our history —that of anaesthesia. If there had been in Hartford at the time of that discovery a hospital, or a laboratory, there never would have been a fifty years controversy as to the discoverer of anaesthesia. Nor would Horace Wells have gone to the Massachusetts General Hospital either for a testing of his discovery, or for gaining public recognition; and he would not have been followed a year later by Morton going to the same hospital by way of Jackson's Laboratory -with an absurd compound of ether and mor- phine. Fifty-one years ago as a student in the Harvard Medical School, at a clinic held in the Massachusetts General Hospital, Morton and Jackson being present, I have a clear recollection of the vigorous refusal of the elder Dr. Warren to test this compound because it was a secret remedy; and when he had forced a disclosure of the secret he rejected the morphine as our legal brethren would say, because irrelevant; but the project of patent- ing the compound was doomed the very hour that ether was successful, for there was no compound to patent. But there -was glory enough in this great discovery to give to Wells an enviable immortality, and enough of glory to give to every helper or subsidiary claimant at HISTORY AND PURPOSES. 11 least an endless notoriety. But when we make our dis- covery it shall be announced from the Hunt Memorial and then this building, which to-day we call our home, will grow into the temple of our pride. But whether home or temple, it is now for us to hand it over to the trustees of this society. But first let me say that the committee have indulged the hope that they would be able to hand over with this building ample endowments to start the dispensary, equip the laboratory and fill our library. They will be added later. Not so dreamy or chimerical to-day as this building five years ago. It takes a large sheet to give a schedule of the names of the vari- ous endowments made to the Ne-w York Academy of Medicine, less comprehensive in the scope of its work than this organization, but a generous people will not forget us in our -worthy endeavors. In behalf of the committee, I now put into the hands of the honored chairman of the trustees of this society the following items, to wit: The deed of this lot and the abstract of title showing no cloud of incumbrance resting upon it. The various contracts and obligations incurred in building, cancelled and liquidated. An abstract of all moneys received and how expended, duly audited by your committee (and it is gratifying to state that a small balance remains in the treasury). Policies of insurance ample for any loss by fire for three years. Also I place in your hands the keys of this building, the symbols of possession and of ownership; and we count it a kind Providence that has spared your life, a founder of the society, to this hour. May the same benig- nant Providence smile upon you and keep you in health and strength to hold this trust for a long time to come. ACCEPTANCE OF THE BUILDING ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Gurdon W. Russell, M. D. In receiving this building from the hands of the com- mittee I wish to acknowledge in behalf of the society how much is due to their patience in preparing the plans for the work, and to their untiring efforts in carrying out the designs of the architect. You have succeeded in giving us, within the sum available, and within the estimates, a house which is plain and substantial, pleasing in appear- ance and well calculated for any work -which we may undertake. There is about it no frippery of ornamenta- tion, no attempt anywhere of mere architectural display, or lavish expenditure upon details, which are neither use- ful in themselves nor necessary for our purpose. It is a solid, homelike building, which has a character in itself and is becoming to the profession. Our thanks are greatly due to those who have fur- nished the means for establishing this memorial. It came to us at the right time, and -was so supplemented by our own exertions that we have now, in our possession, free from indebtedness, a home of our own, sufficient to satisfy our wants for a long time to come. We may call it the golden wedding gift of our half century existence. It gives us a character and a standing in the public mind, which -we never had before. It increases our usefulness to the city and to ourselves; it binds us more completely to one another, and enables us to perform our duties to the public more effectually. The fifteen members, who formed the society in 1846, looked forward to no such possibilities as this. The changes which have come to our city were not regarded as being within the reach of any of us. The very slow in- crease for a century was no warrant for its extent to-day. ACCEPTANCE OF THE BUILDING. 13 We had not outgrown many of the primitive conditions of the early settlers and the products of the soil were among the chief articles of our exports. A large extent of "back country" had given us a few prosperous mer- chants, and a shipping interest, which was now growing less each year. The business of insurance was in existence, it is true, but it was not aggressive, nor very profitable. Not very much earlier than this the agricultural prod- ucts of the adjacent towns were brought to our very doors. The prudent farmers were not ashamed to sell directly to us their potatoes, their butter and their cider. Whatever was raised upon their farms found a ready pur- chaser, and no part of the money was divided with a middleman. "When you come to the city again with such nice mutton as this," said Daniel Wadsworth to a Bloomfield farmer, " be sure and call upon me." The city -was, it is true, beginning at the time of our birth to depart from some of its ancient ways. The build- ing of the City Hall in Dorr street, with a market in the basement, and an area outside for the farmers for the dis- posal of their vegetables, so interfered with the sales in the streets, that practically they were abandoned before 1846. The use of coal had by no means become universal, and teams from the country, loaded with wood, were to be found in State House square. Swine were kept in vari- ous parts of the city, and the pork barrel and the pickling tub were still family necessaries. Main street -was so lined with trees, that one caught in a shower could walk a long distance without being much wetted. The bell in Christ Church tower told us at 12 o'clock that it was time for dinner, and for an hour of rest, and that of the Center Church, and the South Church, at 9 o'clock, that we might put out the fire and go to bed. If at that time the number of fifteen comprised all of the physicians we could gather into our fold, it was prob- ably considered as sufficient for the needs of the city. If it was thought we were not able to satisfy every wish which could be desired, it could probably be found in that numerous class of practitioners whose descendants re- main with us till this day. 14 ACCEPTANCE OF THE BUILDING. Not many years before this there came into the city a young man of'pleasing address, who had been in practice for a short time, in a country village of New York. His desires were doubtless for a larger field, where his oppor- tunities for advancement would be greater, and where also he had influential friends. And so Dr. Hunt settled in Hartford, and lived here until he died in 1889. It may be expected that something should be said of him, in a general way, upon this opening of a memorial building, raised in his honor. It is not necessary, how- ever, to add much to a biographical sketch, which was published in the proceedings of the Connecticut Medical Society for 1889, and so at the expense of a repetition, I shall endeavor to condense some of the remarks then made. Possibly the gentleman who is to open the ex- ercises this evening, may speak of him, and give to you some points which may be omitted, and possibly, also, the scholarly man who is to close them may be able to add something suggestively, and so we raise our ad- ditional monument, little by little, as the ancients were accustomed to do to their worthies, by each one casting a stone upon the heap. Dr. Hunt was active in establishing the Hartford Medical Society, early recognizing the value of an organi- zation. Though some attempts had been previously made for bringing the physicians of the city together, yet they had never been successful; and so there -was a lack of that unity of sentiment, which can only come from a de- cided unity of purpose. The older physicians of the town had gradually dropped away, and younger ones, with fresher thoughts and newer impulses, came in to take their places. He was not only active in organizing the society, but he -was faithful in sustaining it. He -was punctual in attendance, taking part in the discussions and relation of cases, allowing no slight cause to keep him away. Often have I heard him say that he never attended its meetings without learning something of value; and he wondered that anyone could be persistently absent, unmindful of so great opportunities. ACCEPTANCE OF THE BUILDING. 15 He heartily co-operated in establishing the Hartford Hospital, and for many years was one of its attending and consulting physicians. He was first and foremost in efforts for the introduction of water into the city; we are greatly indebted to him for conceiving the project, and with efficient co-laborers for carrying it to its final accom- plishment. He -was a fluent speaker, and, -when he ad- dressed a public meeting on the necessity of pure -water for the city, he was so ready and convincing in his argu- ments, that some said, "well now, he has mistaken his profession; he should have been a lawyer rather than a doctor." He was a faithful member of the County Medical So- ciety, and took an active part in its meetings. He was chosen a Fellow on several occasions, and was twice elected as President of the State Society. He joined readily with others in an endeavor to make our annual proceedings more than a mere record of the appointment of officers and committees. It may be a matter of sur- prise to those who only know Dr. Hunt in the later years of his life to learn how strongly he was interested in everything -which pertains to the medical profession, and how active he was in assisting all of its reasonable ob- jects. Whatever he undertook to support, he supported with all his might. He early advocated an improvement in sanitary matters, and either by himself or through others, brought their consideration before the society. When, in 1866, there was fear of the approach of the Asiatic cholera, he was made chairman of a sanitary com- mittee by the city authorities, and was indefatigable in his labors, as I well know. He was for thirty years a director in the Retreat for the Insane, and for over fifty years one of its medical visitors. I can bear witness, for a greater portion of this time, that no one was more punctual in attendance, or labored more patiently for the good of the institution, or was more interested in the welfare of the patients, or looked more carefully into such details as came under his charge, than did Dr. Hunt. Three times he was chosen as 16 ACCEPTANCE OF THE BUILDING. acting superintendent and discharged the duties so faith- fully that he received the unanimous thanks of the direc- tors. In whatever -work he undertook, he showed and developed such admirable power of organization, and capacity for administration, that it sometimes seemed as if he was better fitted for a public officer than for a private practitioner. For twenty-five years he was physician to the Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb. He was president of the Young Men's Institute; a trustee of the Industrial School for Girls, at Middletown; trustee of the Watkinson Library; trustee of the Security Company; a director of the JBitna. Bank, and was, I think, connected -with some other cor- porations. He -was much interested in the subject of edu- cation, and as a committee man in the High School, and in the Brown School, gave much time to both, the cause of education being dear to his heart. He was also one of a commission appointed to make provision for the insane convicts at the State prison; and one of a commission, some years afterwards, for the erec- tion of new buildings there, which -were completed only a short time before his death. He was the medical examiner of the Hartford Life In- surance Company as long as it existed and the medical examiner of the Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Com- pany for many years subsequently. These different stations in -which he was placed are not cited boastingly, but as showing that the public recog- nized his capacity and integrity. As a practitioner he was true to his profession and earnest in everything which promised its advancement. He was studious himself and desired that the whole medi- cal body should be a learned body. He had a natural contempt for all quackery and knavish means of liveli- hood. He was kind and attentive to his patients, strove to understand their cases, and prescribed for them in that intelligent and liberal way which promised the most success. He was no mere routinist, nor bound up in theories, nor so skeptical that he was led astray by the ACCEPTANCE OF THE BUILDING. 17 lastfy proclaimed theory, whoever might be the author; he was a man accustomed to do his own thinking, and was highly appreciated by those who employed him. For fifty years he was a very dear friend of mine. If there -were ever any differences of opinion between us, they were kindly considered, and were not allowed to break that affectionate intercourse which existed so long. We knew each other well and in various ways were brought much together; and it is, I think, no small thing to say this of him, which I have said, for it comes not to most men to live together for so long a time in true ac- cord, in pleasant enjoyment, in profitable companionship. I bear witness to the purity of his character, the gener- osity of his impulses, the firmness and value of his friend- ship. Always industrious, conscientious and honest in his dealings, with a truly religious sentiment pervading him, he has left an example which the young physician would do well to imitate. POEM. Nathan Mayer, M. D. We consecrate this house to-day By pleasant memories Of one who, in his earthly stay, Advanced such aims as these: A pure profession; honor high; Plain dealing fair to all; A pitying ear for suffering's cry; Unselfish help at call. A type of old-time courtliness And old-time studious ways Was he; who shared not in the stress And storm of modern days. And when the open hand of love Gave means to found this house, We could, with pride, her choice approve And kindliest memories rouse. And now, how fair arise the walls In simple dignity, And show in portal, stair and halls, That it is meant to be A serious house, home of the Art Whose hands prevent and cure; A social house, from work apart, With studious rest secure. A rooftree where we all shall feel The kindred touch of home, And, openhearted, speak and deal As friends together come. Where contact should new courage give And intercourse new rest, Where we may in each other live And thus attain the best. POEM. To-day we cast our joyous eyes Above, beyond, around, On work of builders true and wise Who sought and haply found; Who thought of all our tasks and need In future and to-day; Who planned and counselled to succeed Though straightened by the way. And full of thanks to Hunt above, To Russell and to Storrs, We pledge to Science faith and love Within these hallow'd doors. We pledge the service of our guild To Hartford, great and fair, Her coming destiny fulfilled Shall well attest our care! Far may the dear old city spread Beneath the golden dome, And wish from hill to riverbed: "God bless the Doctors' Home!" MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. 21 of medicine. I know something of the wants, the difficul- ties, the methods, the achievements, and the anticipations of the Medical Faculty; I know the spirit of humanity which governs their lives; I honor their devotion, their enthusiasm, their learning and their skill; and I am glad to render this humble tribute of admiration and gratitude to those whose lives are consecrated to the service of suf- fering men and women, and whose steady aim in these enlightened days is to prevent in toto those very disorders which it is their business to eliminate and cure. I do not know of any other workmen who make it their first duty to stop the sources of supply from which they derive their income. Go where you will, in the most remote village, or in the most cultivated society of the capital, the physician is the man of men on whom you ma}' as a stranger most surely rely for counsel, courtesy, sympathy, and a large humanity which is not restricted by race or color, by creed or party. You may likewise be sure that he is striving, might and main, to prevent as well as to cure. Stevenson in a striking passage has recorded his obligations to those whom he has found in many lands so considerate and helpful, and Ian Maclaren, after his long lecture tour in America, declared that wherever he went some one would say that he knew, in his own town, the original Dr. Weelum MacLure of Drumtochty. In the presence of so many medical men, you must understand that I speak as one who is not of them but among them. I shall try to show them how an outsider looks at the progress of their arts, and estimates their advances; and, as an outsider, I shall try to keep free from the Latinity in which their prescriptions are written, and from the sonorous terms of Hippocrates, still employed in medical parlance, although some of them were pilloried long ago by Whewell, in an amusing paragraph, as exam- ples of the mode in which words involve obsolete opinions. I ask you to follow, with rapid glances, the progress of medicine in modern times, not its minute investigations and discoveries, nor its treatment of cases, but some ex- amples of its giant strides, a few of the epoch-making 22 MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. advances -which have contributed to the -well-being of all the inhabitants of civilized lands. In order that this broad survey may be of local interest, let me choose, as an initial mile-stone, the settlement of Connecticut in 1636. The founder of Hartford, wise, gifted and renowned Thomas Hooker, pioneer of church and state in this wil- derness, was the contemporary of William Harvey, illus- trious discoverer of the circulation of the blood, -whose insight and reasoning have guided all modern medicine— noble Harvey, learned, acute, skillful, discerning, upon whom the world can not bestow too much gratitude and honor. It is an interesting though not an intended coinci- dence that this assembly of physicians and their friends commemorates the three hundredth anniversary of a note- worthy incident in Harvey's life. In 1598, this bright English student entered the University of Padua, (which -was to Venice as Cambridge is to Boston, or as New Haven is to Hartford), then having a school of medicine made attractive by the fame of Vesalius and Fabricius, re- nowned leaders of anatomical science. Quite recently a professor in Padua has revealed two memorial tablets, long concealed on one of the cloistered walls, and inscribed with Harvey's name and nation. Above is this .^Escula- pian symbol—an outstretched arm holding a lighted candle between two serpents. Alas, Dr. Hammond Trum- bull is no longer here to interpret this heraldic device. It seems to me to signify '' Light shining among the powers of evil." A copy of that "gemma" would be an appropri- ate decoration for this hall. I have no evidence that Thomas Hooker ever met his senior, William Harvey, but he may have done so, for they were at the University of Cambridge in the same decade, and Hooker did not quit England until five years after Harvey's discovery was announced in print. Walter Savage Landor might have composed an Imaginary Con- versation between them in this fashion: Hooker— Tell me, Dr. Harvey, the secret of your dis- covery ? MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. 23 Harvey—There is no secret. I only searched for truth, and, when discovered, made it known to others. Hooker—Can I follow your example in religious doc- trine ? Harvey—Surely, young divine, think of nothing but the truth. The light will shine even in a wilderness, and will deaden the powers of evil. We speak in these days of the circulation of the blood very much as we speak of the circulation of the air, the tides, and the currency—obvious phenomena familiar to everyone; but few of us recall the mysterious ignorance which rested upon the problems of interior and invisible life before the days of Harvey. Even the dissection of tissues from which life had departed awakened, as late as Vesalius, opposition and apprehension. Modern medicine began with Harvey's discovery. He first established the fundamental doctrine of animal phys- iology. His key unlocked, not all, but many, of the mystic chambers of the human castle. He revealed the secrets of the heart. Thence forward the knowledge of respiration, digestion and nutrition, the office of medication, and the arts of surgery rested upon a principle which was as firmly established as the potency of the sun in the solar system. To appreciate the epoch-making character of Harvey's discovery, which was not an accident, but a result of tedious, prolonged and skillful observations, it is well to enquire into the theories respecting physiology and medi- cine which were prevalent in the first half of the seven- teenth century, the years when Thomas Hooker was studying in Emmanuel College or preaching in Chelms- ford. Medical men know well enough where this informa- tion can be found, but the laity need not turn to profes- sional archives. They may obtain significant glimpses of what was then current among intelligent people, respect- ing medicine, by a reference to the writings of Shakespeare and Bacon. Shakespeare's death was almost synchronous with Harvey's first appearance as a Lumleian lecturer in the 24 MODERN PROGRESS IX MEDICINE. College of Physicians. The medical allusions of Shakes- peare have been studied by several authors,—Da Costa, Aubert, Moyes, Thompson and Stearns,—and I shall not dwell upon them, preferring the authority of a philoso- pher and historian to that of a poet and dramatist. I know of no evidence that Harvey and Shakespeare were acquainted, but Harvey and Bacon undoubtedly knew one another. While the anatomist was pursuing those enquiries which were to make a revolution in medicine, the author of the Advancement of Learning was regaling his comprehensive intellect with precious morsels of inher- ited superstition. Read his "Inquiry concerning Life and Death," especially the fifth section, and the thirty-two directions which were taken by the great philosopher (as he says) "for his own use out of the book for the prolon- gation of life." "Mithridate, thrice a year," was one of these injunctions. And what was " Mithridating ? " Any good dictionary will answer.* "The Grains of Youth," was another of Bacon's now astounding prophylactics. But these were simples compared with "Methusalem Water," which, was, so far as I can make out, and as its name Methusalem implies, a kind of life assurance against what is called by Bacon "the dryness of age." Unfortu- nately either the precept or the practice was at fault, for My Lord of Verulam and St. Albans did not live to reach the appointed "seventy." Here is a condensation of the receipt for this extraordinary beverage, more mysterious and complicated, I venture to say, than any product of the pharmacopoeia, or of any modern American bar. Two powders and a solution are to be prepared, and this is how: First To crab-shells, boiled in claret, flavored with rosemary, dried and powdered, add pearl, steeped in vinegar and likewise dried and powdered Put m a little ginger and white poppy-seed, and steep again m spirit of wine flavored with saffron. Evaporate the spirits and drv the powder in the sun; add nitre and amber-grease, and keep the re- sultant in a clean glass ready for use. *From Mithridates, the famous Persian king who is said to have invented a general antidote against poison by mingling many poisons Buffon in his 5SW \^f\wy (,01faUX' £™-.P-234), safs that the blood of a wiW1 duckwal the basis of this electuary, because the ducks in Pontus fed upon all the poison ous herbs which that country produced, and thus their blood acquired ?he ?wf ° ^t1-?? P°lsons. Some have seen in this the germs of modern serum therapy, Cf. Littr6, sub voce Mithridates. serum MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. 25 Second. Steep cucumbers in milk and draw forth water by distil- lation. Third. Take a pint of claret and quench gold in it four times. Mix these three ingredients and drink the potion in the morning. Stir up the powder when you drink and walk upon it. It was on such serpentine instructions as these that the light of Harvey's candle shown. I can not pass to another theme -without saying that an acquaintance -with Harvey's experiments, so rich in contributions to our welfare, so fruitful in benefits to humanity, -would convince any intelligent person that if the discoverer of the circulation of the blood had lived in the court of Queen Victoria, instead of Charles the First's, (perhaps I may say near the precincts of our national capitol), bishops and ministers of state, women of fashion and men of letters would have rallied the forces of prejudice and ignorance so as to delay and probably to thwart one of the most important and serviceable dis- coveries that the human intellect has ever made. In Connecticut, this favored land of wooden clocks and Waterbury watches, and in these days of almost infallible chronometers, it is worth while to note that Harvey had no good method of measuring small fractions of time, timepieces having hour-hands only. The merest tyro can now count the pulse more precisely. Time was measured, under these circumstances, by repeating some familiar verses of Scripture or so many prayers. For this and much more curious lore, consult the life of Harvey, by Mr. D'Arcy Power, a capital introduction to the history of English medicine, to which I have been indebted for many of my allusions. He quotes this passage from Dr. Norman Moore's remarks upon an ancient Breviary of St. Bartholomew's Hospital: "The mixture of prayers with pharmacy seems odd to us; but let it be remembered that Mirfeld wrote in a religious house, that clocks were scarce, and that in that age and place time might not inappropri- atelv be measured by the minutes required for the repetition of so many verses of Scripture or so many prayers. Thus Mirfeld recommends that chronic rheumatism should be treated by rubbing the part with olive oil This was to be prepared with ceremony. It was to be put into a clean vessel, while the preparer made the sign of the cross and said the Lord's prayer and an Ave Maria. When the vessel was put to the fire the Psalm ' Why do the heathen rage' was to be said as far as the verse, 26 MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. 'Desire of Me, and I shall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance.' The Gloria, Pater Noster and Ave Maria are to be said, and the whole gone through seven times. Which done, let that oil be kept." Dr. Moore has measured the time involved in these in- structions, and found it to be a quarter of an hour. This inability to count the pulse with accuracy leads me to remark, in the second place, upon the gains that have been made since Harvey by the use of Instruments of Precision in medical practice, and by inventions and im- provements in the form and material of surgical imple- ments. The touch and stroke of a skillful hand and the vision of a discerning eye are as precious now as they were in the days of Hippocrates, but the power of the eye, the ear, and the hand have been enormously augmented by ingenious devices often, but not always, proceeding from those -who are unfamiliar with hospitals and clinics. Such inventions and processes the Medical Faculty quick- ly recognizes and appropriates, so that suffering is relieved by the progress of the mechanical arts and the improve- ments of manufacturing industries. Spinoza, the phil- osopher and theologian, grinding lenses for a living, may have been contributing to the advances of surgery. A lecture might be devoted to this subject, but I have onry time to indicate some of the most noteworthy auxiliaries that have thus been enlisted.* First in chronology, if not in importance, is the com- pound microscope, still king of the realm, indispensable as the lancet, but not as dangerous in unskillful hands; the perfection, duplication and adjustment of the burning- glass of Archimedes, revealer of the nature of tissues and secretions, of bacteria and other germs, which enables the practitioner to affirm or deny that which could only be guessed without its aid. Next, the successors of the com- pound microscope, ingenious instruments adapted to the study of special organs—the eye, the ear, the nose, the throat, the pelvis. Chief within this group is the ophthal- moscope of Helmholtz, which has revolutionized the treat- ment of disordered vision, revealed certain lesions of the brain, and served as the detective of some insidious dis- * Consult Dr. Weir Mitchell's Address on Instruments of Precision. MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. 27 eases before their obscure operations could be otherwise discerned. Then comes the misnamed stethoscope, a sort of precursor of the telephone, which enlarges the power of the ear as the lens enlarges the power of the eye, and whose tell-tale whispers reveal far more than the voice or the cough of the patient respecting his true condition. Likewise the clinical thermometer, inexpensive, self-regis- tering, and revealing -with extreme accuracy the varia- tions of bodily temperature, so that the physician, absent for many hours from a bedside, may study as if he had been present, the course of a fever. Finally, photography by X rays, a discovery not three years old, already in many cases a serviceable instrument of surgical diagnosis. To these instruments of precision must be added the various forms of electrical apparatus which are found serviceable in the treatment of certain diseases. All these captives medicine has taken from the domain of physics, and they are captives that will never be released from the service they have entered. Surgery also owes much of its progress to improve- ments in metallurgy, to ingenious adaptations of the principles of mechanics, and to the skill of artificers; but I was taught as a boy to be careful how I played "with edged tools," and I am particularly careful when I enter a surgeon's clinic. My purpose is accomplished if I have led you to perceive how closely medicine and surgery are con- nected with the progress of the mechanic arts, and what marvelous gains have been made from the workshops of braziers and cutlers, as well as from the laboratories of pure science. Chemistry has yielded its contributions, but you understand that here I am speaking only of me- chanics and physics. A third illustration of medical progress may be found in the history of inoculation. Early in the last century, as for centuries before, small-pox was one of the scourges most dreaded by civilized people. Then it happened that an English lady, whose beauty had been impaired by this horrid disease, observed, while she was traveling in Turkey, that the pestilence was there held at bay by a 28 MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. simple, efficacious and usually harmless process, quite unknown in Western Europe. From Adrianople, in 1717, she wrote to London describing the operation and its effects. This introduced to the Occident the oriental safe- guard. It was a priceless boon; but its importance is obscured by the greater benefit to which it led. Eighty years passed on and then a greater discovery, the im- mortal work of Edward Jenner, first given to print in 1798, convinced the -world that a simpler, less painful, less risky and equally efficient preventive was found in vaccine. Ere long vaccination completely took the place of the Turkish process, and spread the wide-world over. But the story does not end here. During eighty years, more or less, after Jenner, vaccine was almost the only form of inoculation employed in medical practice. Then came the wonderful, the life-giving researches of Lister, Pasteur and Koch, their associates and followers, and the consequent introduction of anti-toxine treatment, by Beh- ring and Roux. Thus the possibility of artificial immunization from diseases in men and animals is obviously an extension, by modern science, of the principle of inoculation introduced to England by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, and de- veloped by Edward Jenner when he annihilated the dread of that fearful scourge by transferring to the arm of a boy the virus from a milk-maid's hand. It is by these new forms of inoculation that medicine has of recent years made some of the most important gains. The successful treatment of diphtheria and that of diseases of the thyroid gland are conspicuous examples of the practical value of experimental investigations. The fourth of the great advances of modern medicine is the annihilation of pain in surgical operations, by which the patient is relieved from apprehension and suf- fering, while the efficiency of the treatment is promoted. Hartford has the glory of making this discovery, for, as you well know, it was here that Dr. Horace Wells, on the eleventh of December, 1844, inhaled laughing gas and lost without pain a wisdom tooth. "On that day," says Dr. MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. 29 McManus, "modern anaesthesia was given to the world, and nitrous oxide gas proved to be a blessing to suffering humanity and the forerunner of all anaesthetics; " and the memorial tablet succinctly states that it was Wells -who "discovered, demonstrated and practiced the benefits of anaesthesia." In these days, when experiments upon animals are opposed by uninformed persons, it may be worth -while to speak of this act of Dr. Wells—as an "experiment upon a living animal," the man himself, perhaps the most signifi- cant and valuable experiment that has ever been made. To the use of nitrous oxide, the use of chloroform, ether and cocaine has succeeded, and each in its way has proved to be an inestimable blessing. Fifth, I speak of the wonderful advances made within the last few years by the study of those minute organisms which are known as bacteria, and of their relations to dis- ease. As soon as their nature was clearly recognized, and their life history made out, the next step -was to thwart the activity of such as are harmful, prevent their growth and restrict their migrations. I remember well the remark of a distinguished sur- geon, several years ago, to this effect: "Every surgical nurse should have laboratory lessons in bacteriology." Why so, said an enquirer to whom the suggestion was new and surprising. " Because," was the surgeon's reply, " if an attendant has seen two instruments sterilized—and one of them applied to a sterilized culture medium with- out touching any object, while the second of them hits the sleeve of a coat before its introduction into the like medium—the observing attendant will receive a lesson that she can never forget." "It would be a long story," said my colleague, Dr. Welch, in a recent address at Chicago, "should I attempt to rehearse the useful discoveries in this domain; how Pasteur saved the silkworm industries of France by his studies of a microscopic parasite; how agriculture and dairies and industries concerned with fermentative pro- cesses have been benefited; how preventive inoculations 30 MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. have saved the lives of thousands of animals; how sur- gery has been revolutionized by Lister's application of Pasteur's discoveries; how the scientific study of immu- nity has opened up new vistas in preventive and curative medicine, as exemplified by the anti-toxic treatment of diphtheria and preventive inoculations for rabies, which have led to the saving of untold thousands of human lives." The progress of preventive medicine is the sixth point to which I call your attention. Nowadays it is not enough to relieve the sufferer. All the forces of society, legislative, administrative, statistical and medical, may be, and should be, and often are, successfully combined to discover and check the progress of pestilence. Not every scourge has yet come under control ("the grip," for ex- ample, still justifies its name), but small-pox need not be prevalent, cholera can certainly be restricted, typhoid fever held in check, and diphtheria reduced in its potency and range. It is now established that the purity of drinking waters can be and must be secured, and that it is not the ordinary eye and taste that can be trusted as censors, nor even the chemist's analysis. The microscope and the culture tube of the bacteriologist must be brought into service as detectives if the obnoxious germs are to be recognized; and the ordeal, not of frost, but of fire, must be employed for their extinction. Seventh, I mention the progress that has been made in the treatment of diseases of the brain and nervous system, due to the minute anatomical researches of later years, and among them, to the localization of the func- tions of the brain. The time is not beyond the memory of those now living when "a crazy person" was looked upon almost as a helpless outcast, to be confined and possibly manacled, and when concealment of such dis- orders was deemed of great importance. " Most of us can remember," says a high authority, "using very imperfect physiological knowledge to fix, more or less successfully, the locality of an organic lesion in the brain. I also remember such attempts being described as a mere scien- MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. 31 tific game, which could only be won after the player was beaten, since, when the accuracy of diagnosis was estab- lished, its object was already lost; but who -would say this now, when purely physiological research and purely diagnostic success have led to one of the most brilliant achievements of practical medicine, the operative treat- ment of organic diseases of the brain ? " Time should have been reserved for the subjects of physiological chemistry and pharmacology, which have done so much, in recent years, to eliminate the needless, simplify the essential, and mollify the offensive elements of materia medica, and to introduce new and efficacious remedial agents. I will not prolong this review of the progress made since Harvey and Hooker were students in the University of Cambridge. Your attention has been called to the prime discoveries of modern medicine, to the introduction and development of preventive and curative inoculation, to the use of exact measurements, to the boon of anaes- thetics, to the effects of antiseptic surgery, to the growth of public hygiene and preventive medicine, and to the treatment of disorders of the brain and nervous system. Other advances I pass by, that I may reserve a little while in which to expound the education required for a modern physician if he would be expert in understanding and applying these advances in his practice, and especially if he would make still further contributions to the healing art. The history of modern medicine has no lesson more important than this:—accurate knowledge of facts leads to the discovery of preventions, alleviations and remedies; and pure science, or the search after absolute truth, is the precursor of improvements in practice. Listen to the examples which are given by a distinguished practitioner, Dr. P. H. Pye-Smith, in the Harveian oration for 1893. Harvey's discovery underlies the use of auscultation. Du Bois-Reymond's investigation of the electrical prop- erties of muscle and nerve was purely scientific, but the results of it are used every dajr in the diagnosis and treat- 32 MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. ment of disease, and in the demonstration of the false- hoods by which the name of electricity is misused for purposes of gain. The experiments on blood pressure, begun by Hales and carried on by Ludwig, have led to knowledge which is used every day by the bedside. Ber- nard's discoveries of the diabetic puncture and of the digestive function of the pancreas await their practical application. When I lived in Connecticut in the days of Dr. Hawes, it was not unusual, if the sermon had been dry, to give notice of coming relief by some prognosis like this: "With two or three practical applications I shall close." So I bring my discourse to an end with "two or three practical applications." In the first place, upon all who are looking forward to the medical profession, for themselves or for their wards, I would impress the notion that this is a calling which gives employment to the utmost capabilities of human nature—all that is best in physical, intellectual, moral or social characteristics. It exercises the finest powers of sympathy, memory, imagination, observation, reflection and judgment and it exacts from those who would be its leaders varied and prolonged training in books, in laboratories, and at the bedside. Medical science is very complex; it is rather a net work of sciences. In these days most rapid advances are made. He who wishes to keep up -with the procession must be well trained and nimble, sure of foot and on the outlook for dangers. Medicine and surgery are based on pathology, pathology rests on physiology, physiology upon chemistry, chemistry upon physics and physics upon mathematics. He, therefore, who looks forward to the highest success in his profession, must lay a good founda- tion, while he is yet a boy, in his geometry and trigonom- etry, partly because of their logical value, partly because the laws of physics, including electricity, are -written in mathematical terms. Chemistry likewise involves the most accurate statements. After these preliminaries, the candidate must have a long period of practice in experi- MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. 33 ments and demonstrations by the use of the balance, the retort, the battery, the galvanometer, the microscope. Moreover it is indispensable that he should have a good command of English, French, German and Latin. Logic will teach him how to reason; history and literature -will refresh his weary hours. After this, he must take up bi- ology and study the structure and functions of animals and plants, observing how living beings, lower in rank than the human species, perform their normal and healthy functions. Such knowledge may not be acquired in the lecture room or wholly from books. It must be gained by personal work in the various laboratories, where alone the student can acquire a thorough knowledge of the structure and functions and chemical composition of the normal and diseased body, of the lowly microorganisms which cause infectious diseases and of the composition and physiological action of drugs and other remedial agents. Then comes the proper professional study, including every department of medicine and surgery, extending to the obscure diseases of every organ and to the appropri- ate treatment. These professional studies must go for- ward in connection with the hospital and dispensary, so that knowledge which can only be acquired at the bedside and in the operating room may be accumulated. Such an education will not be complete without an introduction to the history of medicine and to medical jurisprudence. Sanitary science, in its relations to the welfare of the com- munity, is also an indispensable branch of study. Now it is hardly possible to secure this liberal and professional education in a shorter period than eight years, four of which may be spent in the preparatory col- lege and four in an institute of medicine. Not less than this amount of labor and devotion will be required, in the near future, of all those who wish to become the leaders in their profession. Let me also say a word to the public at large. Mod- ern medicine is preventive as well as curative. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Slight ailments 34 MODERN PROGRESS IN MEDICINE. neglected are like rents in a fabric. Therefore, subscribe to a physician, a quarterly, monthly or weekly adviser, that he may keep you well if he can, or at least check your bad tendencies, and perhaps prepare you, not to escape the grasp of Mors, but to anticipate an euthanasia. There is a tradition that a swarm of bees settled upon the tomb of Hippocrates, and that children anointed by their nurses with the honey there stored up were cured of certain diseases. So may this memorial hall be a place where the bees will come to make honey, for the healing of all whom they can reach. The Hippocratic oath has come to us from remote antiquity. I will not swear in its words, by Apollo, the physician, by ^gsculapius, or by any other gods and goddesses, but I will pray, in the -words of that venerable sacramentum, that the members of this society "may be prosperous in life and business, and be forever honored and esteemed by all men—as they observe and not confound their solemn obligations." Now let us return to our milestone, the coming of Thomas Hooker to Hartford, in the days of William Harvey. What a delightful epoch we have had in review: —medicine no longer wholly empirical, but in large part an exact science, pain deadened or driven out of the surgi- cal wards, Mithridates and Methusalem superseded by "elegant extracts," diet understood, the gaunt face of pestilence forbidden to appear in the cities where -we dwell. What an excellent record Hartford has main- tained in all this period! It is known throughout the land for its sagacious instruction of the deaf and dumb; for its wise treatment of the insane; for its discovery of anaesthesia; for its excellent hospital; for its advocacy of sound legislation and -wise sanitary regulations, and for its learned, gifted and skillful physicians, who in the fear of God have served their fellow men. BENEDICTION. Rev. Chester D. Hartranft, D. D. Now unto the King eternal, incorruptible, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory for ever and ever; And may the blessing of Almighty God, Father, Son and Holy Ghost be and abide with you all forever. Amen. APPENDIX. 37 FLOOR PLANS AND DESCRIPTIONS. The ground floor of the building contains a stack room on the left of the entrance for the storage of books; on the right an office and waiting room, which may be used for dispensary purposes. In the rear are the jani- tor's apartments, consisting of a kitchen, bathroom, pantry, parlor and two bedrooms. The cellar beneath contains the coal and other storerooms, heating appara- tus, etc. 38 APPENDIX. The first floor contains a large entrance hall, orna- mented with a carved stone mantel, exhibiting the seal of the society, a committee room on the left, fourteen by seventeen feet, with toilet room adjoining to the right, a library and reading room opening through wide folding doors into the general meeting room, which, in its turn, opens through wide doors into the dining room. The. rooms are finished in California red wood, and have hard wood floors. There is an open fireplace in each room. APPENDIX. 39 The second floor contains a large lecture room, seat- ing capacity of 200, a laboratory, an anatomical room, and a photographic dark room. The third floor or attic is as yet unfinished, but is amply lighted with dormer windows. The building is heated throughout by direct radiation, hot water system, and lighted by electricity. 40 APPENDIX. Report of the Building Committee of The Hartford Medical Society. The Building Committee of The Hartford Medical Society beg leave to offer the following final REPORT. In January, 1890, at the annual meeting, this Society, on motion of Dr. Avery, set aside $100.00 as the nucleus of a building fund, and appointed a building committee of three, who have been annually re-elected, and, with the addition of Dr. Davis, constitute your present Building Committee. No active duties beyond an endeavor to interest benev- olent friends devolved upon this committee until, under the will of the late Mrs. Hunt, in November, 1893, the Society received a bequest of $20,000.00. Prior to this, to be sure, in response to the vigorous appeal of our beloved Wainwright, that -we either " put up or shut up," the So- ciety had subscribed a considerable sum, so that at the date of Mrs. Hunt's decease our Trustees had a building fund deposit with the Security Company amounting to $1,060.00, besides the original one hundred set aside for that purpose in 1890. The stimulus of Mrs. Hunt's be- quest resulted in an active canvass of the Society by your committee, and an appeal to a few friends outside of our organization, by which a total of $10,371.00 has been secured up to the present time, and at least $300.00 pledged, which will undoubtedly be paid in the near future. In October, 1895, the heirs of Mrs. Hunt paid to us the $20,000.00, making the sum of $30,371.00 which has been on deposit as a fund. While this has been in our hands it has earned $1,329.52 interest, thus making a total of $31,700.52, which has been at the disposal of your committee for the purchase of a lot and erection of a building. Of this amount, $10,000.00 was paid for our APPENDIX. 41 lot, in accordance with the vote of the Society upon the recommendation of this committee. A study of various designs and plans submitted, re- sulted in the selection of Messrs. McKim, Mead & White, of New York, as architects, and to them was committed the task of arranging the details of our ideal building. We say "our ideal" because, while the style of architecture and details of construction were necessarily left to the architects, the general plan and arrangement of rooms, and the finish of same, was chiefly the committee's concep- tion of what our Society desired. In compliance with the instructions of the Society, in 1896 your committee sold the old house which was situ- ated on the lot purchased, receiving therefor the sum of $300.00. The building was taken down and removed, ex- cept the good bricks and stones, which we purchased after they were laid up in our walls at $2.75 per thousand, thus making a saving over new bricks at $7.00 per thousand. On the 14th day of May, 1897, the lines for our new- building were run off and ground broken, and from that hour until the present time the committee have given their closest attention to the work. To fully insure a practical supervision of the construction, from the So- ciety's standpoint, Mr. George H. Gilbert was selected as supervisor, and paid for the time he actually gave to the work. The mason contractor, Charles D. Kinney, of New Haven, we believe has done honest and good work. The carpenters, Messrs. Purves & Malcolm, of this city, have also done their part to our satisfaction. The heating was contracted for by The Yanderman Plumbing & Heat- ing Co., of Willimantic. They have placed in our building a substantial and thoroughly constructed hot water and steam heating apparatus that affords ample heat for the whole building. The plumbing has been done by Mr. George Mahl, of Hartford, and is, we believe, honestly, thoroughly and scientifically carried out in all its details. The painting and wood finishing was done by Mr. J. L. White, and in strict accordance with the specifications. The mantel-piece in the hall, so generously contributed by 42 APPENDIX. Mrs. Davis, is a fine specimen of carving by Albert En- tress, and was placed in position by J. P. Fault. It will undoubtedly be admired by our successors long after we have passed away. The tinting of the walls was designed by Mr. Noel H. Flagg, one of our local artists, and the same who painted the portrait of Dr. Hunt that adorns our library, and his ideas have been faithfully carried out by John Pepion & Company, under Mr. Flagg's personal supervision. Your committee believe that the building erected is in every detail thoroughly and honestly con- structed, and that you are in possession of an edifice that will stand the test of time and use with increasing sat- isfaction. There may be—undoubtedly are—some minor points which we should like to change, and, if we were to erect a second memorial building to-day, there are certain things which we should alter, but, taken as a whole, and considering the fact that we have had to construct the first building of its character that has ever been erected, and that our funds were limited to a very modest amount, we feel confident that -we have as nearly realized the conception of the donors and the desires of the So- ciety as it was possible to do without involving the Society in debt. One thing is certain, if your committee has failed to satisfy all, and to provide everything in just the way each one would like, it has not been because of lack of effort on our part. On several occasions, the mem- bers of our Society have been requested to send in sug- gestions as to plans, but only one member ever did so. However, in response to personal inquiry, as occasion offered, the views of many of you -were ascertained on special points, and all of these were carefully considered by us, and an endeavor made to incorporate them in our plans. We trust, that as time passes, you will all find, more and more, that the results are satisfactory to you. The work you entrusted to us has called for many anxious hours of thought and days of labor, for journeys out of town, and for the expenditure of considerable sums of money, but your committee have contributed these APPENDIX. 43 with pleasure, in the belief that they were thus not only serving you, but were laying the foundation for broader and more liberal professional ideas, with more exact, sci- entific medicine, and at the same time presenting to the community at large a new insight into the possibilities before a medical fraternity where good -will and "esprit de corps" abound. The day will come, and may not be far distant, when every large community will feel that without such an institution as our Hunt Memorial their physicians are sadly delinquent. The following is a statement of account to date: Building Committee, In account with The Hartford Medical Society. 1898. Dr. May 2nd. To total deposits with Security Company, and accrued interest............................................. $31,700.52 Cr. By total expenditures...................................... $31,655.46 May 2nd. Balance on deposit with Security Co................. $45.06 In addition to the above, it should be stated that $50.00 has just been received by the committee, too late to be included in the above statement, thus making a balance in bank of $95.06. We have also in hand note of Mr. J. P. Harbison for the amount of $300.00, which will undoubtedly be paid on the 11th day of July next; altogether making a total of $395.06 to the credit of the Society. On the other hand, there is now being laid a mosaic pavement in the vestibule of the front entrance, which the stormy weather of the past week has pre- vented the workmen from completing. For this we have contracted to pay $27.25, and shall also have a small bill for carpenter work made necessary by this pavement, which will amount to a few dollars additional. The itemized account from which the above con- densed statement has been made, with all the vouchers therefor, examined and found correct by your auditor, Dr. William M. Hudson, are transmitted herewith, with a single word of explanation. In the original items will be found a charge of $127.08 for insurance. This is the sum 44 APPENDIX. which -we paid for a three years' policy of $15,000.00. The building having been completed, it was found that the builder's risk amounted to only $20.83; consequently, your treasurer, Dr. Alton, gave us his check for $106.25, and this sum was re-deposited with our bank, as is shown by our accounts. In this way the building fund would appear to have been $106.25 larger than it was. GURDON W. RUSSELL, MELANCTHON STORRS, G. PIERREPONT DAVIS, GEORGE R. SHEPHERD, J Building Committee. APPENDIX. 45 Contributors to Building Fund. Dr. G. W G. P. Davis..... M. Storrs........ H. P. Stearns.. W. M. Hudson MEMBERS. Russell...........$1,200.00 Dr. J B. Lewis............... $50.00 600.00 " E. J. McKnight........ 50.00 500.00 " John 0'Flaherty....... 50.00 400.00 " Geo. L. Parmele....... 50.00 300.00 " G. C. Segur.............. 50.00 T. F. Simpson.......... 50.00 A.J.Wolff................ 50.00 J. F. Axtelle............. 25.00 G. C. Bailey............. 25.00 M. A. Bailey............ 25.00 C. C. Beach.............. 25.00 S. B. Childs.............. 25.00 F. S. Crossfield........ 25.00 T. D. Crothers........ 25.00 L. A. Davison.......... 25.00 E. A. Down.............. 25.00 John Dwyer............. 25.00 T. F. Kane............... 25.00 100.00 " G. R. Miller.............. 25.00 75.00 " J. J. Morrissey......... 25.00 75.00 " W. G. Murphy......... 25.00 75.00 " C. E. Taft................ 25.00 50.00 " Thos. Turnbull,Jr.... 25.00 50.00 *" W.A.M.Wainwright 25.00 50.00 " G. K. Welch.............. 25.00 50.00 " S. B. Barrows.......... 10.00 50.00 " C. G. Rankin............ 10.00 50.00 ------- $6,345.00 * Balance, S75.00, of his subscription was not asked for after his death. FRIENDS. Mrs. Jeannette C. Hunt Williams........................$1,000.00 Mr. George G. Williams....................................... 1,000.00 Rev. Francis Goodwin.......................................... 500.00 Mr. John P. Harbison.......................................... 500.00 Mr. Roland Mather............................................. 500.00 Mr. John C. Parsons............................................ 250.00 Mrs. Lucretia Terry............................................. 200.00 Mrs. Maria H. Welles.......................................... 200.00 Mr. F. B. Cooley.................................................. 100.00 Mrs. and Messrs. Hungerford.............................. 100.00 Mrs. Elizabeth C. Bacon...................................... 50.00 G. R. Shepherd......... 300.00 H. G. Howe.............. 200.00 G. C. Jarvis.............. 200.00 S. B. St. John........... 200.00 H. S. Fuller.............. 150.00 W. T. Bacon............ 150.00 A. W. Barrows......... 100.00 James Campbell....... 100.00 Ellen H. Gladwin..... 100.00 P. H. Ingalls............ 100.00 H. L. Law............... 100.00 Nathan Mayer......... 100.00 W. D. Morgan......... 100.00 0. C. Smith........... Wm. Porter.......... E. K. Root............ J. E. Root............. A. E. Abrams........ C. D. Alton............ A. G. Cook............ David Crary......... C. E. Froelich....... W. W. Knight....... $4,400.00 $10,745.00 46 APPENDIX. Contributions of Furnishings. Mrs. Mary C. Hunt, Portrait of Dr. E. K. Hunt. Mrs. George W. Avery, Framed Picture. Mrs. M. M. Johnson, Framed Oil Painting. Mrs. Samuel Goodrich, Library Reading Chair. Mrs. P. W. Ellsworth, Books from library of Dr. P. W. Ellsworth. Colonel Jacob L. Greene, Mahogany Library Table. Dr. H. S. Fuller, Library Arm Chair. Dr. P. H. Ingalls, Framed Photographs. Dr. J. E. Root, President's Block and Gavel. Mrs. L. S. Wilcox, Framed Pictures. Mrs. Digby Marsh, Library Reading Chair. Dr. C. D. Alton, Arm Chair. Mrs. G. W. Russell, China Furnishings for Dining-Room. Mrs. W. A. M. Wainwright, Picture of Prof. H. B. Sands, M. D. Dr. Geo. F. Hawley, Steel Engraving of Dr. George B. Hawley. Dr. H. L. Law, Photographs of United States Navy. Mrs. Williams and Mrs. Dimmick, Bronze Bas-Relief of Mrs'. Mary C. Hunt. The Hartforb Times, Section of Iron Fence. APPENDIX. 47 The Hartford Medical Society. J 898. OFFICERS. President. GUSTAVUS PIERREPONT DAVIS. Vice-President. HORACE SMITH FULLER. Secretary. GIDEON CROSS SEGUR. Treasurer. CHARLES DeLANCEY ALTON. Librarian. EDWARD KING ROOT. Censors. PHINEAS HENRY INGALLS. FREDERICK THOMAS SIMPSON. CHARLES EZRA TAFT. Trustees. GURDON WADSWORTH RUSSELL. MELANCTHON STORRS. GEORGE REUBENS SHEPHERD. Executive Committee. HOMER LYCURGUS LAW. EDWARD KING ROOT. THOMAS FRANCIS KANE. GIDEON CROSS SEGUR. CHARLES DeLANCEY ALTON. Building Committee. MELANCTHON STORRS. GEORGE REUBENS SHEPHERD. GUSTAVUS PIERREPONT DAVIS. 4S APPENDIX. (May ALVA ELNATHAN ABRAMS. CHARLES DeLANCEY ALTON. JOHN FRANKLIN AXTELLE. WILLIAM TURNER BACON. GEORGE CORNELIUS BAILEY. MICHAEL ANGELO BAILEY. BENJAMIN SAFFORD BARROWS. CHARLES COFFING BEACH. GEORGE NEWTON BELL. CHARLES PORTER BOTSFORD. JOHN BERNARD BOUCHER. MARK S. BRADLEY. PHILIP DIBBLE BUNCE. JOSEPH HENRY CAHILL. JAMES CAMPBELL. PHILIP P. CARLON. LEVI BENNETT COCHRAN. ANSEL GRANVILLE COOK. DAVID CRARY. FREDERICK SOLON CROSSFIELD. THOMAS DAVISON CROTHERS. GUSTAVUS PIERREPONT DAVIS. LUTHER AUGUSTUS DAVISON. WILTON ELIAS DICKERMAN. ELMER ELSWORTH DOUGLASS. JOHN FRANCIS DOWLING. EDWIN AUGUSTUS DOWN. EDWARD OLIVER ELMER. THOMAS B. ENDERS. CHARLES EDWARD FROELICH. HORACE SMITH FULLER. ELLEN HAMMOND GLADWIN. RICHARD SILL GRISWOLD. JOSEPH BARNARD HALL. HARMON GEORGE HOWE. WILLIAM MILLER HUDSON. PHINEAS HENRY INGALLS. OLIVER KINGSLEY ISHAM. GEORGE CYPRIAN JARVIS. MARCUS MORTON JOHNSON. THOMAS FRANCIS KANE. WILLIAM WARD KNIGHT. 1, 1898.) HOMER LYCURGUS LAW. FRANKLIN LYMAN LAWTON. JOHN BENJAMIN LEWIS. WILLIAM J. LYNCH. NATHAN MAYER. JOHN BUTLER McCOOK. EVERETT JAMES McKNIGHT. GEORGE ROOT MILLER. WILLIAM DENNISON MORGAN. WALTER GRAHAM MURPHY. JAMES H. NAYLOR. MATTHEW TURNER NEWTON. THOMAS SMITH O'CONNELL. JOHN O'FLAHERTY. GEORGE LUTHER PARMELE. EDWARD FIELD PARSONS. WILLIAM PORTER. CHARLES GOODRICH RANKIN. EMIL GUSTAVE REINERT. HARRY B. RISING. EDWARD KING ROOT. JOSEPH EDWARD ROOT. JOHN HENRY ROSE. GURDON WADSWORTH RUSSELL. GIDEON CROSS SEGUR. GEORGE REUBENS SHEPHERD. FREDERICK THOMAS SIMPSON. OLIVER COTTON SMITH. J. HERBERT STANDISH. HENRY PUTNAM STEARNS. CHARLES SEYMOUR STERN. SAMUEL BENEDICT ST. JOHN. MELANCTHON STORRS. ERASTUS PERRY SWAZEY. CHARLES EZRA TAFT. FRANK LOUIS WAITE. JAMES W. WARD. JOHN BRADFORD WATERS. GEORGE KELLOGG WELCH. THOMAS HENRY WELDON. ARTHUR JACOB WOLFF NLM051481485