WA
B799r
 1897
BRADFORD, PA/
BOARD UF HLALTIi
  RILES AND
REGULATluNS
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 WA B799r 1897
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C. F. V*
Rules and  Regulations
OF THE
Board  of   Health
FOR THE
City of Bradford, Penn'a.


         Presented to the
   Statistical Division, Surgeon-General's
     Library, United States Army
        Washington, D. C.
             BY
   The Prudential Insurance Co. of America
         Newark, New Jersey 
         WA




          t,l
NATIONAL  LIBRARY OF MEDICINE
      BETHESDA 14,  MD.
\ 
BOARD  OF  HEALTH.
 THE  ACT  OF  MAY 23, 1889, PROVIDING  FOR
       THE  INCORPORATION   AND  GOVERN-
       MENT OF CITIES OF THE THIRD  CLASS.

                   ARTICLE XI.
     Section  i .  The councils of any city of the third
 class may, by ordinance, create a board of health as herein
 provided,  with the powers and duties herein enumerated.
     Section 2.   The said board shall consist of five mem-
 bers, who shall serve  without compensation, and none of
 whom  shall be members of councils.  At least two of their
 number shall be reputable physicians  of not less  than two
 years' experience  in the practice of their profession.  The
 board shall be appointed by  districts  to be fixed by coun-
 cils, representing as  equally as may be all portions of the
 city, and shall serve for the term of five years from the first
 Monday  of  April  succeeding  their  appointment.    The
 mayor  shall nominate, and by and  with the consent of the
 select council appoint the members of said board, and shall
in like manner remove any or all of them for  official mis-
conduct or neglect of  duty, and fill all vacancies for  the
unexpired term.   At the first appointment the  mayor shall
designate one of the members to serve for one year,  one to
serve for two  years, one to  serve for three years, one to 
4
serve for four years, and  one to serve  for five years, and
thereafter one member of said  board  shall  be appointed
annually to serve for the term of five years.

     Section 3.   The members  of the board shall severally
take and subscribe  the oath herein  prescribed  for city
officers, and shall annually organize by the choice of one of
their number as  president.  They shall elect  a secretary,
not of their body, who shall keep the minutes of their pro-
ceedings and perform such other duties as may be directed
by the  board, and a  health officer, who shall  execute the
orders  of the board,  and for that purpose the said health
officer  shall have and exercise the powers and authority of
a policeman of the city.  The secretary  and  health  officer
shall receive such salary as may be  fixed by the board, and
shall hold their  offices  during the  pleasure  of the  board.
They shall severally  give bond to the city in such sums as
may be fixed by ordinance, for the faithful discharge of their
duties, and shall also take and  subscribe the oath required
of members of the board.   All fees  which shall be collected
or received by the board,  or by any officer  thereof, in his
official capacity, shall be  paid over into the city treasury
monthly, together with all penalties which shall be recov-
ered for the violation of any regulation  of the board.  The
president and  secretary shall have  full power to administer
oaths or affirmations in  any proceeding or investigation
touching the  regulaiions  of the board,  but  shall not  be
entitled to receive any fee therefor.

     Section 4.   The said board of health shall have power
and it shall be their  duty, to make and enforce all needful
rules and regulations to prevent the introduction or spread 
5
 of infectious  or contagious  diseases, by  the regulation of
 intercourse with infected  places, by the arrest, separation
 and treatment  of infected persons, and persons who shall
 have been exposed to any infectious or contagious disease,
 and by abating and removing of nuisances which they shall
 deem prejudicial to the  public  health ; to enforce vaccina-
 tion, to mark infected houses  or places, to prescribe rules
 for the construction and maintenance of house drains, waste
 and soil pipes and  cesspools,  and  to  make all such other
 regulations as they shall deem  necessary for the preserva-
 tion of the public health.  They shall also have power, with
 the consent of councils, in case  of the prevalence or appre-
 hended prevalence of any contagious or  infectious disease
 within the city, to  establish  one or  more hospitals, and to
 make provision and regulations for the management of the
 same.  The board may  in such cases appoint as many ward
 or district physicians and other sanitary agents as they may
 deem  necessary, whose salaries  shall be fixed by the board
 before their appointment.  It shall  be  the duty of all phy-
 sicians practicing within the  city to  report to the secretary
 of the said board of health the  names and residences of all
 persons coming under their  professional  care afflicted with
 such   contagious  or  infectious  diseases, in the manner
 directed by  the said board.

     Section  5.   The  said board  of  health shall have
power, as~ a body or by committee, as well  as the health
officer, together with his subordinates, assistants and work-
men,  under  and by order of  the said board, to enter at any
time upon  any  premises in  the city upon  which there is
suspected to  be any  infectious  or  contagious disease, or 
6
nuisance detrimental to the public health, for the purpose of
examining and abating the same ; and all written  orders for
the removal of nuisances  issued to the said health officer
by order of the board, attested by  the  Secretary, shall be
executed by him  and his  subordinates  and workmen, and
the costs and expenses thereof shall be recoverable from the
owner or owners  of the premises from  which the nuisance
shall be removed, or from any person or persons causing or
maintaining the same, in the manner herein provided.

     Section 6.   The said board of health shall have power
to create and maintain  a  complete and  accurate system for
the registration of all  marriages, births and deaths which
may occur  within the city, and to  compel obedience to the
same upon the part of all physicians  and  other  medical
practitioners,  clergymen, magistrates, undertakers, sextons,
and all other  persons from whom information for such pur-
poses may properly  be required.   The board  shall make,
and cause to be published, all necessary  rules and regula-
tions for carrying into effect the powers and functions with
which they are hereby invested, which rules  and regula-
tions, when approved by the  mayor, shall have the force of
ordinances  of the city, and all  penalties  for the  violation
thereof, as well as expense^ necessarily incurred in carrying
the same into effect, shall  be  recoverable for the  use of the
city, in the same  manner  as  penalties for the  violation of
city ordinances,  subject  to the like limitation as  to  the
amount thereof.

     Section 7.   It shall be the duty of the board of health
to submit annually  to  councils  before the commencement
of the fiscal year, an estimate of the  probable receipts and 
7
expenditures of the board  during the ensuing year, and
councils  shall  then proceed to  make  such appropriation
thereto as they shall deem  necessary;  and the said board
shall, in the month of January of each year, submit a report
in writing to councils of its operations for  the preceding
year, with the necessary statistics thereof,  together  with
such other information or suggestions relative to  the  sani-
tary condition and requirements of the city as it may deem
proper, and councils shall publish the same in their official
journal.   It shall also be the  duty of the board to com-
municate to the state board of health copies of all its reports
and publications,  together with such sanitary information as
may from time to time be required by said state board.
No. 299.

                  AN  ORDINANCE

Establishing a Board of Health for Bradford City, Defining   -fr-
     its Powers and  Duties, Prescribing Rules and Regula-
     tions for Observance  Touching the Same and Fixing
     Penalties for Violation of the  Said Rules and Regula-
     tions.

     Section i .   Be it enacted, &c., That a board of health
be and the same is  hereby created, to be composed of five
members who shall  serve without  compensation, and none
of whom shall  be members  of councils.   At least two of
their members shall  be  reputable physicians of at least  two
years' experience in  the practice  of their profession.  The 
8
board of health shall be appointed by  districts, each ward
of said city being hereby declared a separate district for the
purposes of this ordinance.
     One member of the said board shall be appointed from
each district, who shall  be a resident of district for which he
shall be appointed.
     The members of the said board  shall serve for a term
of five years from the first Monday of April, next succeed-
ing their appointment.  The  mayor shall nominate, and by
and with the consent of the select council, appoint the mem-
bers of the said board,  and  shall in  like manner, remove
any or all of them for official  misconduct or neglect of duty,
and fill all vacancies for the  unexpired term.   At  the  first
appointment, the  mayor shall designate one of the members
to serve for one year ; one to serve for two years ;  one to
serve for three  years ; one  to serve for four years,  and  one
to serve for five years ;  and  thereafter, one member of  said
board shall be appointed annually to serve for the term of
five years.

     Section 2.  The members of the  board shall before
entering upon their  respective duties, severally  take and sub-
scribe the oath  prescribed by Section  1, of Article 7, of the
Constitution  of this  Commonwealth, and shall  annually
organize by the choice of one of their  members as president.
They shall elect  a  secretary  not of their body, who shall
keep the minutes of  their proceedings  and  perform such
other duties as  may be  directed by the board.

     They shall also  elect  a  health officer, whose duty it
shall be to  execute the orders of the board, and for  that 
9
purpose the health officer shall have and exercise the powers
and authority of a policeman of the city.
     The salary of the secretary  and of the health officer
shall  be such as may be fixed  by the said board, and they
shall  hold  office  during the pleasure of the  said board.
They shall severally give bond to the city in the sum of one
hundred dollars, or in such  sum  as  may hereafter be fixed
by  ordinance, conditioned for the faithful discharge of their
duties,  and  they  shall also take  and subscribe  the oath
required  of  members  of the board.   And  all fees which
shall  be  collected  or received by the board, or  by any
officers thereof in his official  capacity, shall be  paid over
into the city treasury  monthly, together  with all penalties
which shall be recovered for the violation of any regulation
of the board.   The president and secretary shall have power
to  administer  oaths  or  affirmations  in any proceeding or
investigation touching the regulations of the board, but shall
not be entitled to receive any fee therefor.

     Section 3.  The  said  board  of health shall  have
power, and it shall be their  duty to  make and enforce all
needful rules  and  regulations  to  prevent the introduction
and spread of infectious or contagious diseases, by the reg-
ulation of intercourse with infected  places, by the arrest,
separation and treatment of infected persons, and  persons
who shall have been exposed  to any infectious or con-
tagious disease, and by abating and removing all  nuisances
which they shall deem prejudicial to the public health ;  to
enforce vaccination ; to mark infected houses or places ;  to
prescribe  rules  for  the  construction and  maintenance  of
house drains, waste and soil pipes and cess pools, and to 
IO
make all such other  regulations as they shall deem neces-
sary for the preservation of the public health.  They shall
also have power, with the consent of councils, in case of the
prevalence  or apprehended prevalence of any contagious  or
infectious disease within the city, to establish one or more
hospitals and  to  make provisions  and regulations for the
management of the same.  The board may in such cases
appoint as  many ward or district physicians and other sani-
tary agents as they  may deem necessary, whose  salaries
shall be fixed  by  the board before their appointment.   It
shall be the duty  of all physicians practicing within the city
to report to the secretary of the said board  of health, the
names and  residences of all persons coming under their pro-
fessional care,  afflicted with  such  contagious or  infectious
diseases, fn the manner directed by the said board.

     Section 4.   The said board of health shall have pow-
er, as a body or by committee, as well as the health officer,
together with  the subordinates, assistants  and  workmen,
under and by order of the said board, to enter at any time
upon any premises in the city upon which there is  suspected
to be any infectious or contagious diseases, or nuisance det-
rimental to the public health, for the purposes of examining
and  abating the  same ;  and  all  written  orders for the
removal of nuisances issued to the said health  officer by
order of said board, attested by the secretary, shall be exe-
cuted by him and  his subordinates and workmen, and the
costs and expenses thereof shall be recoverable  from the
owner or owners of the premises from which the  nuisances
shall be removed,  or from any person or persons causing or
maintaining the same, in the  manner  provided by law  or 
II
 by ordinance for the collection of other liens for work and
 materials furnished by the board of  health.
     Section 5.  The said board of  health shall have power
 to create and maintain a complete and  accurate system for
 the  registration of all marriages, births and deaths which
 may occur within the city, and to compel obedience to the
 same  upon  the part of all  physicians  and other medical
 practitioners, clergymen,  magistrates, undertakers, sextons,
 and all other persons from whom  information for such pur
 poses may be required.   The board shall make and cause
 to be published all  necessary  rules  and  regulations for car-
 rying into effect the powers and  functions with which they
 are  hereby  invested,  which  rules  and  regulations, when
 approved by the mayor, shall have  the  force of ordinances
 of the  city ; and all penalties for the violation thereof, as
 well as expenses  necessarily  incurred in carrying the same
 into effect, shall be recoverable for the use of the city in the
 same manner as penalties for the violation of city ordinances,
 subject to the like limitation as to the amount thereof
     Section 6.  It shall be the duty of the health officers
 to carry out  all the  orders of the board of  health and the
 laws of the state,  and ordinances of the city in relation to
 the sanitary regulation of the city.
     The board of health shall  from  time  to time make
 thorough and systematic examinations of the city and cause
 all nuisances to be abated with all reasonable  promptness;
 and for the purpose of carrying out the foregoing require-
 ments, they shall be permitted at all times, from the rising
 until the setting of the sun, to enter into any house, store,
stable or other building, and cause the floor to be removed, 
12
if they deem it necessary,  in  order  to make a thorough
examination of cellars, vaults, sinks or drains ; to enter
upon all lots of ground, and to cause all stagnant waters to
be drained  off;  the pools, sinks, vaults,  drains or  low
grounds to  be drained,  filled  or otherwise improved or
amended ; to cause all privies  to  be cleaned and kept in
good order or condition, and to cause all dead animals or
other nauseous or unwholesome things or substances, to be
buried or removed to the city dumping grounds.

     Section 7.   In order  that the  provisions of the  pre-
ceding section may be fully enforced, it shall be the duty of
the health officer to serve  notice  in  writing, or cause the
same to be served in writing, upon the owner, occupant or
agent of any lot, building or premises, in or upon  which
any nuisance may be found or  which may be kept or main-
tained in a condition dangerous to  life and health, requiring
such owner, occupant or agent  within a reasonable time as
designated in said notice, to remove and abate the nuisance
existing upon the  said  premises  as aforesaid, or requiring
the person or persons keeping and  maintaining such lot,
building or  premises in a condition  dangerous to life and
health, to remedy or improve the  same in such manner as
the said board shall prescribe ;  Provided, That it shall not
be necessary in any case for the board of health to specify
in their notice the  manner in which  any nuisance shall be
abated, unless they shall deem it advisable  so  to do, and
such notice  may be given or served by any officer who may
be directed or deputed to give or make the same ;  and if
such owner, occupant  or agent shall neglect or refuse to
comply with the requirements of such order within the time 
*3
specified, they shall be subject to a fine in any amount not
exceeding one hundred dollars  for every  such violation, to
be recovered together  with  costs and expenses necessarily
incurred in carrying the same into effect  in the same man-
ner as penalties for the violation of city ordinances may be
recovered.   And it shall be the  duty of the board of health
upon the expiration of the time specified  in said notice, to
cause such nuisance to be abated ; Provided, that whenever
the owner, occupant or agent of any  of the premises, in or
upon which  any nuisance  may  be  found, is unknown or
cannot be found, the said board of health shall proceed to
abate the same without notice ;  and  in either case, the cost
and expenses of such  abatement shall be assessed against
the  premises, which  assessment shall be certified by the
president of the board of health to the city controller, and
shall become a lien to  be collected  the same as any other
tax in favor of said city, or the  same may  be collected in
like manner as debts  of  like amounts  are recoverable in
such cases  for violation of the city ordinances;  Provided
further, That if said parties, or any  of them, are in the city
and can be found, and if the parties  so served shall, before
its execution is commenced, appear before said board for
the purpose of having  said order, or its  execution, stayed
or modified, it shall then be the duty of the said board to
temporarily suspend or modify said order, and to give such
party or parties  a reasonable  and  fair  opportunity to be
heard before said board and to present  proofs and  facts
against said declaration and  the  execution of said order, or
in favor of its modification ; and the board shall enter  upon
its  minutes such facts  and  proofs as  it may receive, and its
proceedings on such  hearing ;  and thereafter  may rescind, 
14
modify or re-affirm such declaration, and order and require
execution of said original or of a new or modified order, to
be made in such form and effect as it may finally be deter-
mined.
     Section 8.   All owners of lots of  land abutting upon
any street in the city of Bradford where sewers  have been
constructed, or where sewers may hereafter be constructed,
shall, as soon as the same are completed, and in  such cases
they are hereby required and directed to make  sewer con-
nections at least to the inner line  of the curbstone of such
street or highway, and where deemed necessary  by the
board of  health, as  a  santtary measure, they, the said
owners, shall make house connections to such sewers.

     Section 9.   Whenever the board of health  shall deem
it necessary, as a  sanitary measure,  that  such house con-
nections be made to  sewers as aforesaid, the secretary of
said board of health  shall cause ten  days' notice—printed
or written—to be given  to the owner or owners, or to the
owner's agent or lessee, requiring  them  to comply with the
provisions of section 8, of this ordinance; and  in  case of
neglect or failure of such owner or  owners, agent or lessee,
to comply, after the expiration of such notice, the secretary
of the said board of health shall  deliver  to the street com-
missioner of said city a copy of such notice  with proof of
service of the same upon the owner, agent or lessee  of such
owner ;  and said street commissioner shall cause such con-
nections to be made,  and certify the cost of the same to the
city treasurer, who shall collect the  same  from  the owner
or owners of such  lot of land when  such connections are
made; and if not paid within thirty days from the time said 
15
 Work was done, a lien may be filed in  the prothonotary's
 office of said county against said  lot of land, or the same
 may be collected as debts of like amount are now collected
 by law.

     Section  io.   It shall be the  further duty of the board
 of health to visit or examine, or cause the same to be done
 by a  competent physician,  all sick persons who shall be
 reported to them  as  laboring, or  supposed to be laboring
 under any  malignant, infectious  or pestilential disease, to
 cause all such infected persons to  be removed to some safe
 and proper place as they may deem best, not exceeding five
 miles from the city limits, and to cause them to be provided
 with suitable  nurses and  medical  attendance at their own
 expense, if they are able  to pay for the same, but  if not,
 then at the expense of the city.

     Section  i i.   It shall be the  further duty of the health
 officer, whenever directed by the  board  of health, to cause
 a  notice, printed or written in  large  letters, to be  placed
 upon or near any house in  which any person may  be
 affected or sick of small pox,  upon  which shall be  written
 or printed,—" Small Pox  Here,"—and if any person shall
 deface, alter, mutilate, destroy or tear down any such notice
 without permission of the board  of health, the person or
 persons so offending,  shall be liable for each  offence  to pay
 a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars, and the occupant
 of any house  upon which  such notice shall be placed or
posted as aforesaid, shall be held responsible for the removal
of the same, and if the same shall  be removed without per-
mission of the occupant, such  occupant shall  be subject to a
like fine of not exceeding  one hundred  dollars, unless he, 
i6
she, or they shall notify the board of health within twenty-
four hours after the removal of said notice.
    Section 12.   Every practicing physician in the city
who shall have a  patient laboring under  any malignant or
yellow fever, scarlet fever, small pox  or other infectious or
pestilential disease, shall forthwith make  report  thereof in
writing to the clerk of the board  of health, describing the
street, number and  locality, or the  house or place where
said patient  may be located, so that it may be easily found,
and for neglecting so to do shall be liable to a fine of twen-
ty-five dollars, and it shall  be the duty of the clerk of the
board of health immediately  upon the receipt of a report of
any practicing physician that he has a patient laboring under
any of the aforesaid diseases, to notify in writing  the mayor
of the city and the superintendent of schools in said city, of
such fact, giving name and residence  of the afflicted person.
    Section 13.   No person shall  put out or remove, or
allow to be put out or  removed from the premises or place
occupied or owned  by  him, into any street, alley or other
public place in the city, any person having the small pox or
any other infectious or  pestilential disease, but such owner
or occupant shall  immediately  report such  case to the
board of health or clerk of the board of health.   Any per-
son who shall violate any clause hereof, or neglect to per-
form any  duty required in  this section, shall pay a penalty
of not exceeding one hundred dollars.
     Section 14.   No person  shall throw, place or conduct,
or suffer his or her servant, child  or  family to throw, place
or conduct into any street, alley  or  lot, any putrid or un-
sound meat, fish,  hides  or  skin of any  animal, or any filth, 
i7
offal, dung, dead animal, vegetables, nor suffer any unsound
or offensive matter, as  aforesaid, to be or remain  upon his
premises, or in any out house, stable,  privy or other place
owned or occupied by  him, or in the alley or street in front
of such premises ;  and any person  who  shall violate  the
provisions of this section  shall be fined in any  sum  not
exceeding one hundred dollars.
     Section i 5.   No  person  or  persons shall  throw, or
place, or deposit, or cause to be thrown, placed or deposited,
any dung, carrion, dead animal, offal, or other putrid or un-
wholesome substance,  or the  contents  of any privy, upon
the margin, sinks, or into the waters of either branch of the
Tunungwant creek, or  otherwise injure or  pollute such
stream of water, within  five  miles westward,  or  upon any
public  grounds, or any  lot within the limits of  said city,
except under a penalty not exceeding  one hundred dollars
for each and every offence, and a further penalty often dol-
lars for each and every day  the  same shall be allowed to
remain after conviction for the first offence.

     Section 16.   No person  shall slaughter, butcher  or
kill, or suffer his or her  servant or employe  to slaughter,
butcher or kill any beef, sheep, swine or other cattle within
the limits of said city.   Any person violating the provisions
of this  section  shall,  upon conviction before the mayor,
recorder  or any  alderman of said  city, be sentenced to pay
a fine in any sum not exceeding one hundred dollars.
     Section 17.   Every privy hereafter built  in the city
shall be constructed with a vault  and  shall be sunk under
the ground at least six feet deep, and shall  be walled up
with brick, stone or plank, the plank to  be at  least two 
i8
inches thick, and shall be  constructed  so  that the outside
of the wall shall be at least three  feet from the line of the
adjoining lot, unless the  owner of the adjoining lot shall
otherwise agree, and shall  also  be at least  five feet from
every street, alley, lane or  avenue ;  and every person vio-
lating the  provisions of this  section shall  be fined in any
sum not exceeding one hundred dollars.
     Section  18.   Whenever any privy in the said city
shall be kept in such condition that the smell arising there-
from shall become offensive to any portion of  the  citizens,
the same shall be deemed a nuisance, and the owner, agent
or occupant of the lot or premises on which any such privy
is  located, shall upon conviction  thereof,  be fined  in any
sum not exceeding fifty dollars, and  the further sum of ten
dollars for every day  he  shall suffer the nuisance  to con-
tinue, after such conviction.
     Section 19.   It shall  not be lawful for any person to
throw or deposit, or cause  to be thrown or deposited at any
place in said city any vegetables,  meat, slops,  animal mat-
ter, suds, garbage, filth,  stable  drippings,  or offal  of  any
kind which shall produce  smell, or  whereby the health of
any portion of the community may  become affected or en-
dangered ; and such persons violating the provisions of this
section, shall upon conviction thereof, be fined in any sum
not  exceeding one hundred  dollars  for  each and every
offence.
     Section 20.   It shall be the duty  of the health officer
to cause the said vegetables,  slops,  &c, mentioned in sec-
tion 19, of this ordinance, to be  removed immediately, if
practicable, and charge the  expenses thereof to the offenders 
19
and sue for and collect the same  by action of assumpsit in
the name of the city of Bradford
     Section  21.   No person shall place  or  deposit, or
cause to be  placed or  deposited at any place in said city,
any dead horse, cow, hog, dog, or dead carcass or remains
of any animal whatever;  and every  person  violating the
provisions of this  section  shall, on  conviction, forfeit  and
pay not less than five  dollars nor more than one hundred
dollars for  every such  offence, and together with all ex-
penses of removing and burying  the  same, which shall be
taxed and collected as  costs against such person.
     Section 22.  When  any dead animal  shall be found
in said city, it shall be the duty of the person owning such
animal at the time  of its death, or of the person who depos-
ited or  caused it to be deposited,  to  remove said animal
forthwith beyond the limits of the city to the public dump-
ing grounds, and bury the same ;  and  if the owner of such
animal, or the person who deposited it, on being notified by
the health officer, chief of police, or any policeman or other
person, shall, after reasonable time,  refuse or  neglect to
remove or bury the same, as herein  required, upon convic-
tion before the mayor, recorder or  any  alderman of said
city, he or she shall forfeit  and pay not  less than one nor
more than one hundred dollars fine for every such offence,
and shall also pay  the expense of removing and burying the
same, which shall  be  taxed and  collected as costs against
such persons.
     Section 23,  When any dead  animal shall be found in
said city and  shall not be  removed  within a  reasonable
time, it shall be  the duty  of the  health officer  or chief of 
20
police on complaint being  made  by any  person, to cause
the same to be removed and buried at the expense of the
city.
     Section 24.  No decayed or unwholesome meat, fish,
vegetables  or fruit shall knowingly be brought into or ex-
posed for sale within  the  city ; nor shall any such article
be stored or kept  within the city after its character shall
have been determined by the board  of health.   It shall be
the duty of the  board of health  to seize and condemn all
such meat, fish, vegetables  and other articles offered for sale
as food that are in an  unhealthy condition.

     Section 25.  The board of health shall take reasona-
ble measures to supply agents and afford inducements and
facilities for general and gratuitous vaccination and  disin-
fection, and may afford medical relief to and among the poor
of the city, as  in  its opinion the  protection of the public
health may require, and, during  the prevalence of any epi-
demic disease  may provide temporary hospitals for  such
purpose.

     Section 26.   The mayor shall have  power and it shall
be his duty to detail from  the  regular  police  force of the
city, or to make new  appointments for the purpose, when-
ever in the opinion of the board of health the public health
and the sanitary condition  of the city may require;  such
policemen when so detailed or when appointed, to be known
as the " Sanitary Police," the members comprising sanitary
police to be determined by the board of health according to
the exigencies of the circumstances ;  and said sanitary police
shall be subject to the exclusive  direction and control of 
21
the board of health for the enforcement of proper measures
and the protection of the public health.
     Whenever in the  opinion  of the board of health, the
services of the sanitary police are  no longer required, the
sanitary condition of the city being  such as to render their
longer continuance of duty entirely  unnecessary, they shall,
on recommendation of the board of health, be returned to
duty as regular policemen, or be discharged  as the mayor
may direct ; but no permanent increase  of the police force
shall be made without the consent of councils, by ordinance
duly enacted.
     Section 27.  Any inhabitant or other person violating
any of the provisions of this ordinance, or who obstruct or
interfere with any person  in the execution  of any order of
said board, or of any of the provisions of this ordinance, or
who shall wilfully  omit or neglect to  obey any order of
said board, or regulations or  provisions of this ordinance,
shall, upon  conviction  thereof before  the mayor, recorder
or any alderman of the city,  where no other or different
punishment shall have been provided, be punished by a fine
not exceeding one hundred dollars, together with costs of
the proceedings, and in all  cases  under  this ordinance, in
default of payment of the  fine and costs imposed under  any
section hereof, shall, in the discretion of the court, be sen-
tenced to  confinement  in the city lockup or county jail, or
to hard labor upon the streets  of the  city or elsewhere for
the benefit of the city,  for a  period not exceeding  thirty
days.
     Section 28.  It  shall be the  duty of the board of
health to submit annually to councils before the commence- 
22
ment of the fiscal year an estimate  of the probable receipts
and expenditures of the board during the ensuing year, and
councils  shall  then proceed  to  make  such appropriation
thereto as they shall deem  necessary ;  and the said board
shall in the month of January of each year, submit a report
in writing to the councils of its operations for the preceding
year with the necessary statistics thereof, together with such
other information or suggestion relative  to the sanitary con-
dition and requirements of the city  as it may deem proper;
and councils shall publish the same in their official journal.
It shall also be the  duty of the board  to  communicate to
the state  board of health copies of all its reports and publi-
cations, together with  such sanitary information  as may
from time to time be required by the state board.
     Section 29.  All  ordinances  or parts  of ordinances
inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed.
     Approved February 5th,  1890.
                         Edward McSweeney, Mayor.
No. 407.

                  AN ORDINANCE

Amending Ordinance  No. lop, (former No. 200).   Estab-
    lishing the Board of Health, &c, for the City of Brad-
    ford^ Pa.

    Section  i.  Be  it enacted, &c.   That the last para-
graph in Section 1, which reads as follows : The  board of
health shall  be appointed by districts, each  ward  of said 
23
city being hereby declared a  separate district, for the pur-
pose of this ordinance, be amended to read as follows : The
board of health shall be appointed  by  districts which are
designated as follows :
     Fiist Ward,—First District.
     Second Ward,—Second District.
     Third Ward,—Third District.
     Fourth Ward,—Fourth District.
     Fifth and Sixth Wards,—Fifth  District.
Approved May 28th, 1893.
Loyal Ward, Mayor. 
24
Rules  of  the  Board  of  Health

        Of the City of Bradford. Pa.
     I.  The Board shall be organized on the second Wed-
nesday in April, in  each and every year, by the election of
a President and Secretary, to serve for the ensuing year.
     2.  The board shall hold stated meetings on the first
Wednesday of every month, at 8  o'clock, P. M., and it may
hold special meetings when convened by order of the Pres-
ident, or at the call of any two of its members.

                   the president.
     3.  The President shall preside at  the meetings of the
board, preserve  order and  decorum, and appoint the mem-
bers of committees, unless otherwise directed.
     4.  In the absence of the President, a  chairman for the
meeting shall be appointed.

                   THE SECRETARY.
     5.  The Secretary shall keep accurate minutes of the
proceedings of the board, and conduct such correspondence
as the board may direct and approve, and shall prepare and
transmit to the Secretary of the State  Board of  Health an
annual report of the organization and  work of the board
and perform such other duties as are required by  the board 
25
                   ELECTIVE OFFICERS.
     6.  At the first stated meeting in April of each year,
there shall be elected an Inspector, a Health Officer, a Vac-
cine Physician or  Physicians ; all of whom shall enter upon
their duties on the first day of May following, and continue
in office until discharged by action of the board, or another
is elected in their  stead.
     7.  The board shall cause every reported case of ma-
lignant or contagious diseases existing within the limits of
the jurisdiction of the Board of Health to  be visited with-
out delay, and shall authorize such  other measures in rela-
tion thereto as a majority of the members shall deem proper.
     8.  Whenever a report shall be received at the Health
Office, or  by the Secretary, that a case of any malignant
or contagious disease has  occurred within the limits of  the
jurisdiction of the Board of  Health, one of the members of
the board, or, should no  member be present, the Secretary
of  the board, shall  forthwith give notice thereof to  the
Health Officer or  to any physician appointed to inquire into
the nature of the  case,  who shall  visit the same, and send
to the Health Office,  without  delay,  a written report in
relation  thereto.   If the report of the  physician be such as
to require  the attention  of the  board, the  Secretary shall
notify the members of the board immediately.
     9.  Whenever the board shall determine it to be  ex-
pedient to  provide  and hold  in  readiness  one or  more
hospitals for  contagious diseases, temporary or permanent,
the  board  shall  select the location of  the same, secure the
services  of  competent nurses,  and  otherwise put those
establishments in  condition to be  opened  with the least 
26
delay possible for the reception of patients, while the board
shall appoint one or more physicians to attend the sick, and
shall determine the compensation to be  paid to them,  as
also to the nurses for their services.
     10.   No patient shall be admitted into such hospitals,
excepting upon an order signed by  a member of the board
or the Health Officer.  The rate of board to be paid by the
patients shall be fixed by the board.

   COMMITTEE ON  BURIAL GROUNDS AND  REGISTRATION.

     n.   It shall be  the duty of the Committee on Burial
Grounds and Registration to assist the Health Officer  with
their advice in the publication of the bills of mortality, and
the annual statement of deaths, and generally to superintend
the preparation and publication  of the  same  in  detail,
weekly.
     12.   The Committee shall have charge of the registra-
tion department of the office, direct  the necessary supplies,
see that  the  Secretary carries out the rules  and other
requisitions of  the  board,  and report  to the  board any
delinquencies of duty that may occur in this department.
     13.   They shall visit and examine all burial grounds,
cemeteries and vaults within the city, when  referred to them
by the board as nuisances, and report such action thereon
as may be necessary.

                COMMITTEE ON NUISANCES.

     14    It shall be the  duty of the Committee on  Nui-
sances to  examine all nuisances complained of and referred 
27
to them by the board, either directly, or after an examina-
tion and report by the Inspector, and to report to the board
what action may be  necessary thereto.

      15.   Whenever the cost of removing a nuisance re-
ported  upon  by  the  Inspector, or otherwise, shall exceed
the  sum  of five  dollars, the case shall be  referred l>ack
to  the  Committee, who  shall report to this board,  at
the  earliest practicable moment, the  character of said nui-
sance and the probable  cost of removing it; upon which
report  the board  shall take action and instruct  the Health
Officer in regard to  the same.

                    HEALTH OFFICER.

      16.   He shall furnish the board, at its first  meeting in
every month, a  detailed statement  of the receipts of the
office during the preceeding month.
      17.   He shall,  whenever any bill is referred to him for
collection,  enter the same, together with a full description
of the claim  upon which the  said bill  is  founded, upon a
docket  kept for that especial purpose, and  note opposite  to
the  side entry such action as  may be taken, from time  to
time, in relation thereto.
      18.  He shall,  at  the  expiration of four months after
date of said bills, turn over  to the City Solicitor for lien, all
claims remaining unpaid, and furnish the City Solicitor with
a transcript of the same.
      19.  He shall,  in  all business referred  to him, and
requiring legal proceedings, prosecute the  same, but take
such  proceedings only in conjunction with the President. 
28
     20.   He shall, whenever this board directs a nuisance
to be removed under his supervision, abstain from employ-
ing any  person who is,  or  may be, under prosecution for
any violation of the health laws.   The same prohibition is
hereby extended to any other agent  of the  board to whom
such duty may be  assigned.
     21.   He shall award all contracts for abating nuisances
within twenty-four (24)  hours after the order of the board
has been placed in  his hands, and shall impose a condition
in said contracts that the  work must be commenced within
forty-eight (48) hours after acceptance, and prosecuted con-
tinuously to completion.
     22.   He shall, from  time  to time, furnish to the  Nui-
sance Committee a list of the names of the  licensed cleaners,
with the number of  their licenses, and shall  also report to
them  at any time all information given him, or any knowl-
edge he may have  obtained respecting defalcations, breaches
of faith, or violations of the  law  or rules on the  part  of
licensed cleaners, or the men  in their employ.
     23.   He shall keep  a book, in which he shall record
all cases  of contagious or  infectious diseases reported to the
office, with the  date of the report, the location and name of
the patient,  the disease  under which he labors, and the
name of  the physician in  attendance.
     24.   He shall have the general superintendence of the
registration department, and see that the  Secretary carries
out  the  instructions  of  the board, and  shall report any
delinquencies on his part to the Committee on Registration
     25.   He shall  publish  monthly, over his signature,
the returns of deaths as made to the office, in such form 
29
and manner as shall be directed by the board;  and annually
prepare  for  publication  a  report  of the births, deaths,
and  contagious diseases recorded  in  the   office during
the year, to be submitted to Councils and  the Mayor (or
to Council and Mayor) through the Board of  Health.
     26.  It shall  be the duty of the Health Officer to have
general supervision of garbage collection, and to  report  to
the board any neglect on the part of the  collectors.
     27.  He shall see that all special orders of the board
relating to collection of garbage are faithfully obeyed, and
report to the board any neglect of duty  upon the part of
the contractors.
                  SANITARY POLICEMAN.
     28.  It shall be his duty to examine and report  upon
all complaints  of nuisances placed  in  his   hands  within
twenty-four hours thereafter.
     29.  He shall,  whenever any nuisance may  be found,
immediately serve a notice upon  the owner or agent of the
premises upon  which  such nuisances exist,  to abate said
nuisance.   In the  event of the  owner  or agent  not  being
found after diligent search, the notice shall be left upon the
premises and the fact reported and entered upon the record.
     30.  He shall,  in making his returns, give an accurate
description of the  property or properties  whereon the nui-
sance exists, together with the nature, character or cause of
nuisance.
     31.   He  shall strictly  follow the  schedule of time
allowed in service of notices for the abatement of nuisances,
when not otherwise  specified by resolution of the board. 
3°
    .32.   He shall,  at  the  expiration of notice (Sundays
and days set  apart as holidays excepted), re-examine said
nuisance and report  what action  has been  taken  in  the
premises.
     33.  He shall,  with  all returns  of non-compliance
with notice  (except in the case of privy  wells), present an
estimate of the probable expense of removing said nuisance
and also give the offset of all privy wells, taken by accurate
measurement.
     34.  He shall,  whenever complaints  are  made  and
:verified, of dead animals  lying  on private  property, have
them removed by burial or  otherwise.
     35.  He shall superintend the application of disinfec-
tants to the streets when  directed by  the board.
     36.  He  shall  see  that the garbage  and ashes  are
 regularly and systematically collected, and that the street
 dirt, etc., is immediately removed after being  collected to-
 gether; that  all garbage and ash carts are properly covered,
.and that the rules governing  the collection and removal of
 garbage and ashes are rigidly adhered to.
      37.  He shall  note  all cases in  which   ashes, garbage
 .and waste material of every description is thrown  into the
 streets, and where building material,  accumulations of
 earth, stones, etc., have been left  upon the  streets  in the
 violation of law, and notify the parties  committing the
 offense.
                      MISCELLANEOUS.
      38.  No  communication  shall  be received  by the
 board from its officers or servants, or from any other person 
3i
 whatever, unless the  same be  in  writing and directed  to
 the board, or through the President or Secretary thereof
 officially.
      39.   When any nuisance is  referred to  a  committee,
 with power to act thereon, the said committee shall report
 in writing what action they have taken in relation to it.
      40.   Each  standing committee shall direct all expen-
 ditures that may be necessary to carry out the object of its
 appointment, provided the  same  shall not  exceed $35.00
 and  no  contract shall be made  for any amount over that
 sum, unless first approved and directed by the board.
      41.   The minutes of all committees shall be  read  at
 any meeting of the board, upon the call of a member.
      42.   Police officers, constables,  and watchmen  are en-
joined, and citizens  are respectfully desired,  to give  infor-
 mation to  the  Board  of  Health  of any violation of the
 health laws, or of the rules and  regulations of the board,
 so that the  sanitary  measures  adopted  by the  latter  to
 insure the cleanliness and health of the city, may  be fully
 carried out, and all offenders promptly punished.

                   NUISANCES  DEFINED.
     43.   That whatever  is  dangerous to human  life  or
health, whatever renders  the  air or  food or water or  other
drink  unwholesome,  and whatever  building,  erection,  or
part or cellar thereof, is overcrowded, or  not provided with
adequate means of ingress and egress, or is  not sufficiently
supported, ventilated,  sewered, drained, cleaned or  lighted,
are declared  to be nuisances, and to be illegal; and every
person having aided  in  creating or continuing the same, 
32
or who may support, continue or retain any of them, shall
be deemed guilty of a violation of this  rule, and also be
liable for the expense of the abatement and remedy therefor.

    HOUSE REFUSE, GARBAGE, &C, NOT  TO BE EXPOSED.
     44.   No house refuse, offal, garbage, dead animals,
decaying  vegetable  matter, or organic waste substance of
any kind shall be thrown on any street, road, ditch, gutter
or public place within  the limits of this city, and no putrid
or decaying animal or vegetable matter shall be kept in  any
house,  cellar or  adjoining  out-buildings  or grounds  for
more than twenty-four  hours.

SLAUGHTER  HOUSES, CATTLE YARDS, HOG PENS,  &C, TO BE
                       KEPT CLEAN.
     45.  No person or persons, without the consent of the
board of health,  shall  build  or use  any  slaughter  house
within the limits  of this city, and the keeping and slaughter-
ing of all cattle, sheep and swine, and  the preparation  and
keeping of all meat, tish, birds or other animal  food,  shall
be conducted in  the manner best adapted  to  secure  and
 continue  their wholesomeness  as food; every  butcher or
 other person owning, leasing or occupying any place, room
 or building wherein any cattle, sheep  or swine  have been,
 or are,  killed or  dressed, and every person being the owner
 lessee or occupant  of any  room or  stable  wherein  any
 animals are kept, or of any market, public or private,  shall
 cause such place, room or building, stable or market, to be
 thoroughly  cleansed and  purified, and all offal, blood, fat,
 garbage, refuse and unwholesome and  offensive matter to be
 removed therefrom  at least onc£. in every twenty-four hours. 
33
after the use thereof for any of the purposes herein referred
to, and shall at all  times  keep all  woodwork, save  floors
and counters, in any building, place or premises  aforesaid
thoroughly painted or whitewashed; and the floors of such
building, place or premises shall  be so constructed  as  to
prevent blood or foul liquids jr washings  from settling in
the earth beneath.
     46.  No blood pit, dung pit,  offal  pit or  privy well
shall  remain or be constructed within any slaughter house.
Any one offending against this rule shall be guilty of cre-
ating  and   maintaining  a nuisance  prejucicial  to public
health, and shall be required to remove the nuisance  with-
in five days from the date of notice.
     47.  The owners, agents or occupiers of all  slaughter
houses are required, during the months of June, July, Aug-
ust and September, to distribute twice in each week not less
than  twenty-five  pounds  of  chloride of lime  about  their
premises, and also to remove the contents of any manure
pit or manure pile on the premises, once in each week, the
said premises and contents of manure pits being hereby de-
clared to be nuisances prejudicial to public health, unless
subject to frequent disinfection and  cleaning,  as herein in-
dicated.  No pigs or hogs, chickens, geese or  ducks shall
be kept in the same enclosure with a slaughter house ; nor
shall  they be fed,  there  or  elsewhere,  upon the offal  of
slaughtered animals.
      BONE  BOILING  AND  OTHER  OFFENSIVE TRADES,
                 HOW TO BE  CONDUCTED.
    48.   No person or company shall erect or  maintain
within the limits of this city, nor  within five  miles thereof
                          +3 
                           34
any manufactory or place of business  dangerous to  life  or
detrimental to health, or where unwholesome, offensive  or
deleterious odors, gas, smoke,  deposit or  exhalations  are
generated, such as  tanneries,  refineries,  manufactories  of
starch, glue, leather, chemicals, fertilizers,  gas, etc., without
the permit of the board of health,  and all such establish-
ments shall be kept clean and  wholesome  so as  not  to  be
offensive or prejudicial to public health; nor shall any offen-
sive or deleterious or waste  substance, refuse or  injurious
matter be allowed to accumulate upon the  premises,  or  be
thrown or allowed to run into any public   waters,  streams,
water-course, street, road or public place  unless by  sewer
connection.   And  every  person  or   company   conducting
such manufacture or business shall  use the best  approved
and all reasonable means to prevent the escape  of smoke,
gasses  and odors, and to protect  the  health and  safety of
all operatives employed therein.

        THE  BUSINESS  OF BONE-BOILING FORBIDDEN.
     49.   The  business  of bone and impure meat  or  fat
boiling shall not be  allowed  in  the city limits without first
obtaining a permit from the Board of Health.

               STABLES  TO  BE KEPT  CLEAN.
     50.   The  keeper or keepers of a livery or any other
stable shall keep his or  their stables  and  stable-yard clean
and shall not permit more than one wagon load of manure
to accumulate in or near  the same at any one time except
by  express permission  of the Board  of Health;  nor shall
any manure be  removed except in a  tight vehicle, so nr
tected  that the  manure, in process of removal, may not be 
35
dropped or left in any street, road,  lane or way of the city.
Provided, however, that  the  Board of Health will cause to
be removed all  manure from any place in the city  where
one or more horses are kept by individuals or individual, if,
in the opinion of the board, the same become offensive to
the inhabitants.   No cow stable shall be permitted  to be
kept  or maintained  within  25 feet of any dwelling  house
within the city limits.
   PIG  PENS AND CHICKEN COOPS NOT TO BE ALLOWED.
     51.   No pig pen or chicken coop  shall be built or
maintained within the limits of this city, except  by permis-
sion of the Board of Health.
     52.   No person shall keep any geese,  ducks, hens or
poultry of any description nearer than twenty-five (25) feet
from any dwelling within  the  City of Bradford, and when-
ever  the  keeping  of any poultry or poultry-yard  shall
disturb the peace and happiness of any citizen, the person
so aggrieved shall make a complaint  in writing to the said
Board of Health, that the keeping of such poultry-yard or
poultry  is  a  nuisance to them ; then the  same  shall be
abated by  order of the Board of Health.

PRIVIES  NOT TO  REMAIN NEAR WELLS  OF DRINKING WATER.
     53.   No privy-vault,  cess-pool or reservoir into which
a privy, water-closet,  cess-pool or stables  or sink is drained,
unless it is water-tight, shall  be constructed, dug or  per-
mitted to remain within one  hundred  and fifty feet of any
well, spring or other  source  of water  used for  drinking or
culinary purposes,  unless the surface of such vault, cess-
pool or reservoir is at a lower level than the bottom of such 
36
well.   Earth privies and earth closets, with no vault, pit or
depression  below the  surface  of the  ground,  shall  be
cepted from this regulation, but sufficient dry earth or coal
ashes must be used daily to absorb all the fluid part of the
deposit, and  the  contents  must be completely removed at
least once every month.   No open vaults or closets shall be
constructed from  this date within the sewer district of the
City of Bradford, and all  closets shall be properly connected
with sewer.   Bowl and scat back aired, ventilated by  pipes
running through roof above the  eave of the main building.
All sewers shall have fresh air inlet-trap outside of house,
with  inlet  extended to  surface  of ground.   All  fixtures
connected to sewer shall be properly  trapped and  properly
ventilated,  in accordance  with Ordinance No. 310.  All
plumbing work  must pass inspection by such person or
persons as the Board of  Health may  designate.  No devia-
tion from the above rules, unless by a  permit  granted by
the Board of Health.

   SEWER DRAINS  NOT TO  CONTAMINATE WATER SUPPLY.

     54.   All sewer drains shall be  water tight within the
limits of this city.

     55.  The sewage from each building on every  street
provided with a common  sewer,  shall  be conducted into
said sewer.

     56.  That portion of the  house drain which is outside
of  the building and  more than four feet from the foundation
walls, shall  be  constructed of  iron pipe  or vitrified  drain
pipe. 
37
      HOUSE DRAINS--HOW CONNECTED WITH SEWERS.

      57.   That portion of the  drain pipe outside  or under
 the building,  and within four  feet of the foundation walls,
 together  with the soil pipe,  shall be constructed  of cast
 iron  with  leaded  joints, or of  wrought iron  pipe  with
 screwed joints, and in either case  protected from rust.  The
 waste-pipe connected  with the conductors  from the roofs,
 and other  pipes inside the building, or  outside and within
 four  feet  of the  foundation  walls, shall likewise be  con-
 structed of cast  iron  with leaded joints, or wrought  iron
 with screwed joints.

     58.  The house  drain and  other pipes tor  the  con-
 venience of sewage  shall  be laid with  uniform grade and
 with a fall of not less than one  inch in  four feet, except in
 those cases where  the Board of  Health  may permit other-
 wise.
     59.  All  soil pipes shall be  canied at their full size
 through the roof and left open.   A provision shall also be
 made for admitting air to the house drain side of the main
 trap, if  such trap exists.
     60.  The joints  in the vitrified pipe  shall be carefully
 cemented, under  and  around the pipe, and the joints in the
 cast iron pipe shall be run and caulked with  lead.
     61.  All  changes  in  direction shall  be  made with
 curved pipes.   All joints and pipes shall  be  made air-tight.
 The whole  work shall  be done by skillful mechanics, in a
thorough and workmanlike manner, and  satisfactory to the
 Board of Health. 
38
     62.   Before proceeding to construct any portion of the
drainage system  of a  hotel, tenement, dwelling  house  or
other building, the owner, builder or  person constructing
the same, shall file with the Board of Health a plan thereof,
showing  the whole drainage  system,  from its connection
with the  common sewer to its terminus, together with  its
location  and sizes  of  all branches, traps, ventilating pipes
and fixtures.
     63.   All drains now built shall be reconstructed when-
ever in the opinion  of the  Board of Health it may be nec-
essary.
   DISEASES  DANGEROUS TO PUBLIC HEALTH  ENUMERATED.
     64.   The following  named diseases are declared to  be
communicable  and dangerous to the  public health, viz. :
Small  pox, (Variola,  Varioloid), Cholera, (Asiatic or  Epi-
demic), Scarlet Fever, (Scarlatina, Scarlet Rash), Measles,
Diphtheria, (Diphtheritic Croup,  Diphtheritic  Sore Throat),
Typhoid  Fever,  Typhus  Fever, Yellow Fever, Leprosy,
Spotted  Fever,  (Cerebro-Spinal  Meningitis),  Relapsing
Fever, Epidemic  Dysentery,  Hydrophobia,  (Rabies), and
Glanders, (Farcy), and shall be  understood to be included
in the following regulations, unless certain of them only are
specified.
          HOUSEHOLDERS REQUIRED  TO REPORT.
     65.  Whenever   any  householder  knows  that any
person within his family or household has a communicable
disease, dangerous to the public  health, he shall  immedi-
ataly report the same to  the secretary of  the  board  of
health, giving the name of the person, street  and number
or location of the house. 
39
  PHYSICIANS REQUIRED TO  REPORT^SCHOOL TEACHERS
                    TO BE  NOTIFIED.

     66.   Whenever any physician finds  that any person
whom he is called upon to visit has a communicable disease
dangerous to the public health, he or she shall immediately
report the same to  the  secretary  of the  board  of health,
giving the name of the person, the  street and  number or
location of the house ; on receipt of which report the secre-
tary shall immediately notify the superintendant or princi-
pals of all schools and the city superintendant, and he shall
immediately notify the principal of the school in the district
or districts where such communicable disease exists; to dis-
pense with  the  attendance of all pupils residing in the
family in which such disease exists.  No  physician who
may, in good faith, in obedience to this rule, report a case
as one  of communicable disease which subsequently proves
not to be  such,  shall be liable to a suit for damages  for
such error in reporting.   It  shall be the duty of such  phy-
sician and  of all other attendants upon  persons affected
with such disease to avoid exposure to  the  public of any
garments or clothing  about their  own  persons that may
have been subjected to the risk of  infection.

                 TO  DISINFECT  A  ROOM.

     67.   Three pounds  sulphur  to 1,000 feet  of  room
space, burned.   The room  should be thoroughly calked
and closed for 8 to 12 hours,  then fresh air  admitted  for 3
hours,  and closed for 12 hours, or any other method that
may be adopted by the  board of  health  any time in the 
40
future.  All woodwork in room should be carefully washed
with solution of i to 200 mercury chloride.
     All clothes soiled by  discharges should be  burned.
Articles of bedding and  wearing  apparel  should be  ex-
posed to sulphur fumes from 3 to 12 hours.
     Dead bodies should be wrapped in sheets thoroughly
saturated with 1 to 500 mercury  chloride.

       EXPOSURE OF INFECTED PERSONS OR  THINGS
                      FORBIDDEN.

     68.  No person shall, within the  limits  of this  city,
unless by permit of the board of  health,  carry  or  remove
from one building to another any patient affected with any
communicable  disease, dangerous to the  public health.
Nor shall any person, by any exposure  of  any  individual
so affected, or of the body  of such individual, or of any
article capable of conveying contagion  or infection, or by
any negligent act  connected with  the  care or custody
thereof, or by a needless exposure of himself or herself,
cause or contribute to the spread of disease from any such
individual or dead body.

    CLEANSING  OF HOUSES IN CASE OF EPIDEMIC, AND
               ESTABLISHING  OF  HOSPITALS.

     69.  That in the case of the prevalence, or of reasonable
ground to apprehend the prevalence, of  malignant disease
in the  city, the board shall direct specially the cleansing of
houses, cellars, yards,  or  such other  places as  they  may
consider requisite  or prudent for the preservation of the
health of the city, or for the mitigation of the disease ;  and 
41
shall establish hospitals, one or more, as  they shall  deem
circumstances to require, and make provision and regulation
for such hospitals.

      REMOVING PERSONS FROM FILTHY  HABITATIONS.
     70.  In case of the prevalence of malignant disease in
this  city, the  board  shall remove  persons from  filthy and
noxious habitations, or from noxious and peculiarly exposed
places,  to other habitations, whenever two thirds of all the
members of the board shall determine that the faithful care
of the  health  of the city, or any  neighborhood  thereof
requires such a measure.

   SPREADING  FALSE RUMORS  OF  CONTAGIOUS  DISEASES.
     71.  That for  the  purpose  of preventing  mischief
arising  from rumors of  contagious disease existing in this
city, if  any person  shall, without the authority of the Board
of Health, publish  any account of any  contagious diseases
in this city,  or  any case  of such a disease, every such per-
son shall forfeit and pay a fine of  ten dollars.

      PHYSICIANS' REPORT OF  CONTAGIOUS  DISEASES.
     72.  The medical attendant,  in all  cases,  of small-pox
or varioloid, of epidemic or Asiatic cholera, or contagious
fevers,  shall report,  in  writing,  to  the Secretary of  the
Board  of Health, within three hours  after knowledge of
such case or cases, occurring between six o'clock  a. m. and
six p.  m., if after  six o'clock p. m , to be reported before
nine  o'clock the following day ; such  report shall state the
name, sex, age, color, nation and number exposed, (Sec. 12
of Ordinance provides that report shall be made forthwith), 
42
and residence, and duration of disease at the time of report;
and in case  of small-pox or varioloid, shall state the time
of vaccination, and the said report, or reports, shall be filed
and recorded by the Secretary of the  Board of Health.  If
any medical attendant shall fail to observe and comply with
the above regulations, he shall forfeit  and  pay a fine of ten
dollars for the first offense  and twenty-five dollars for each
subsequent offense.  Whenever  a case of communicable
disease is reported strict quarantine shall be established by
prohibiting intercourse with the outside world, except by a
messenger provided for that purpose.  When a quarantine
is once established it shall not be raised until the patient or
patients have fully  recovered.  In   diphtheria when  the
throat  has  fully  recovered its  normal condition,  all dis-
charges from nose have ceased, and glandular enlargement
disappeared, etc.   In scarlet fever when all signs of desqua-
mation or scaling have ceased, when sores about the  mouth
and nose have healed, and the bowels, appetite and temper-
ature  have assumed a  normal  condition.   Children  shall
not go to school until three weeks from the disappearance
of the above signs and symptoms.   The secretary  of the
board shall notify the superintendent or principal of schools,
under  the order of the board of health,  when  the three
weeks have expired.   If in any case the board thinks that
a quarantine  can  be  raised or children allowed to  go  to
school before the foregoing time, they shall appoint  three
physicians to examine the case and report to the board
and their  decision shall  be  final.   Children who have been
exposed  to  either diphtheria  or scarlet  fever  will  not  be
allowed to go to  school for twelve days, at which time the
secretary  of the board of health will by order of the board 
43
so notify the superintendent  or  principal  of schools, and
the superintendent or principal of schools must  not permit
any children  so exposed  to go to school until they get an
order from the board.
                EXPENSE OF QUARANTINE.
     73.   Whenever it. becomes  necessary to quarantine a
house by the authority of the board of health, the expense,
if any, shall be paid  by the  owner or occupant of-  the
premises   If any person or persons refuse to comply with
the rules and regulations of the board, or the instructions
of the health officer, they shall be deemed  guilty of a mis-
demeanor, and  upon conviction before the mayor or any
alderman shall be fined in such sum as the  mayor or alder-
man may impose, in a sum not exceeding one hundred
($100) dollars, and in default of payment that they may be
committed to the city lockup or county jail  for a  period not
exceeding thirty days ;  Provided, however,  that any one so
quarantined  that are absolutely unable  to  care  for them-
selves, the  board  of health  will  cause proper care to be
taken of any such person or persons.   If any person shall
enter upon or go into a house  that is under   quarantine
without  the  permission of the board of health  or health
officer in charge, they shall be  deemed guilty of a misde-
meanor, and  upon conviction shall be fined in any  sum'not
exceeding one hundred  dollars, and in default of payment
of fine shall  be committed to  the city lockup for  a period
not exceeding 30 days
HEALTH  OFFICER  TO PLACE NOTICE  ON DOORS  OF  HOUSES
                AFFECTED WITH  DISEASE.
     74.   Upon  the  return  of cases of small-pox  or other 
44
contagious diseases, the health officer shall cause a printed
notice, not less than six inches square, to be fastened upon
the front door or other conspicuous place of each house in
which such sickness prevails, and to be  maintained during
the existence of the disease, and until the health officer is
satisfied  that the house has been properly cleansed, disin-
fected and purified ; and  in case such notice  is removed,
without permission  from the  board, before the danger of
contagion has ceased, the name of the person, head of the
family occupying such  house, together with the locality of
the house, shall be published, and the  person or  persons
removing the notice, or causing such removal, shall be fined
in the manner herein provided.  And whenever quarantine
shall  be declared, the same  shall  continue for  a  period of
three weeks,  unless the attending physician shall before the
end of that time, report to the board  of health that such
quarantine can be safely raised, or that  the same should be
extended for  a longer period, thereupon, if there shall be
any doubt upon  the  safety of the sooner raising thereof,
or that the same should be extended over a  longer period,
than  the  time  herein  prescribed, the board of health shall
appoint  two  other physicians, who,  with  the  attending
physician, shall examine the patient and locality, and if the
three  physicians shall make unanimous  report  that  the
quarantine may then be raised or  that  the  same should be
extended beyond the period prescribed, the board of health
shall make its order in compliance with  such recommenda-
tion.
      In case  of death  by  either scarlet fever or diphtheria
the quarantine  shall  be  raised  by the health  officer  by
instructions of the board of health, whenever  they deem it
advisable. 
45
     FUNERALS AFTER INFECTIOUS DISEASES  FORBIDDEN.
     75.  There shall not be a public  or  church funeral of
any person  who  has died of Asiatic  cholera, small-pox,
typhus fever,  diphtheria,  yellow  fever,  scarlet  fever  or
measles, and the  family of the deceased shall in all  such
cases limit the  attendance  to  as few as possible, and take
all  precautions  possible to prevent the exposure of other
persons to  contagion or infection ; and the person author-
izing the public notice of death of such person shall  have
the name of the disease which caused  the  death appear in
such public notice.  That every person dying of any of the
above  diseases except measles in this city, shall be removed
and buried from  the place of his or her  death within six
hours  after such death.
PUBLIC CONVEYANCES NOT  TO  BE  INFECTED,  AND  ALL IN-
         FECTED  CONVEYANCES  NOT TO BE USED
                   UNTIL DISINFECTED.
     76.  No person suffering  from,   or having very re-
cently recovered from,  small-pox, scarlet fever, diphtheria,
yellow fever or measles,  shall  expose himself, nor  shall
any one expose  any one under his charge in a similar  con-
dition, in any conveyance, without  having previously  noti-
fied the owner  or person in charge of such conveyance of
the fact of  such condition as  above stated.  It shall be the
duty of the board of health to have this section printed on
a card, and to furnish the owner of each public conveyance
with a copy thereof;  and it shall  be  the duty  of  the owner
of such conveyance to  display  such  card in  such convey-
ance.  And  the  owner  or  person  in   charge of such con-
veyance must not, after the entry of any person so infected 
46
into  his  conveyance, allow  any  other person to  enter  it
without having sufficiently disinfected it under the direction
of the board of health.

       INFECTED HOUSES  OR ROOMS NOT  TO BE LET.
     yy.   No person shall let or hire any house, or room
in a house, in which a communicable disease, dangerous to
the public health, has recently existed,  until the  room or
house and premises  therewith  connected have been disin-
fected to the satisfaction of the board  of health ;  and for
the purposes  of this section, the keeper of a hotel, inn or
other house for the  reception of lodgers, shall be deemed
to let or hire part of a house to  any person as a  guest into
such  hotel, inn or house.

                 DISINFECTION REQUIRED.
     78.   The clothing, bed  clothing and bedding of  per-
sons  who have been sick  with  any communicable disease,
dangerous to the public health,  and the rooms which they
have  occupied during such sickness, together with  their
furniture, shall be  disinfected under the direction of the
board of health.

           INFECTED  ANIMALS TO BE EXCLUDED.
     79.   No animal affected with a communicable disease'
dangerous to the public health, shall be  brought or  kept
within the  limits of this city, except by permission of the
board of health ; and the bodies of animals dead of such
disease or killed on account of thereof,  shall not be buried
within five  hundred feet of  any  residence, nor disposed
of otherwise than  as  the  said   board;  or its  health 
47
 officer shall direct.   The health officer shall have power to
 order animals to  be killed that  may be  affected with any
 communicable or dangerous disease.

             MILK NOT  TO BE ADULTERATED
      80.   No milk which  has been  watered,  adulterated,
 reduced or changed in any respect from its natural  condi-
 tion by  the addition  of any  foreign  substance, shall  be
 brought into, held, kept or offered for sale at any place  in
 this city.

                  Ordinance  No.  365.
     Sec.  1.  That the office  of  Milk  Inspector for the
 City of Bradford, be and is hereby created.
      Sec.  2.  That it shall be the  duty of said  Milk In-
 spector  to  vigilantly inspect the  vehicles and  places  of
 business of all persons selling, or  offering for sale any milk
 in the City of Bradford,  from time to time, and  whenever
 requested so to do by any citizen who can show reasonable
 grounds for said  request.
     Sec.  3.  That in the performance of his  official dut-
 ies, the said Milk Inspector shall  have power  to enter at
 any reasonable hour of the day or night, upon,  or into the
 place of business, or vehicle of any person selling, or keep-
 ing for sale any milk,  and  to  test  and  inspect any  milk
 there kept.
     Sec. 4.  That said Milk Inspector  shall  have  power
 to immediately confiscate and destroy any impure or adul-
terated milk he may find in the place of business, or vehicle
he inspects. 
48
     Sec.  5.   That the Health Officer  shall  be exofficio
the Milk Inspector of the  city.

                  Ordinance  No. 364.
     Sec.  1.   That from and after the passage  of this or-
dinance, it shall be unlawful for any person  or  persons to
sell or keep for sale, or offer for sale, any impure  or adul-
terated milk in the City of Bradford.
     Sec.  2.   Any and all persons who shall engage in, or
carry on the sale, exchange or  traffic  in  milk,  shall  have
the carriage or vehicle from  which  the  <ame  is vended,
conspicuously marked with his,  her or their names, also
indicating the  locality from whence said  milk is obtained,
or where  produced.
     Sec.  3.   That any person violating the provisions of
this ordinance shall forfeit and  pay to the City  of Bradford
a penalty  of not less than  ten nor  more than  fifty  dollars
for each offence, and in default of payment thereof, may be
committed to the lockup or county jail for a pericd  not to
exceed thirty days.

     Any  person or persons offering for sale or  having in
their possession impure milk, or milk from  a  cow  that  is
affected with any disease whatsoever, or suffering from any
injury, or offering for sale milk that is obtained before the
eighth milking, or four days after birth of calf, shall  be sub-
ject to a fine of not less than  five  dollars nor  more than
twenty-five dollars for each and every offence.

           NO UNWHOLESOME FOOD TO BE SOLI).
     81.  No  meat, fish, birds, fowls, fruit, vegetables, milk 
49
and nothing for human food, not being then healthy,  fresh
sound, wholesome,  fit  and  safe  for  such  use,. nor  any
animal or fish that died by disease, and no carcass  of any
calf, pig or lamb, which, at the-time of its  death,  was  less
than three weeks  old,  and  no  meat  therefrom  shall be
brought within the limits of this city or offered for  sale as
food anywhere in said city.

               CELLARS TO  BE CLEANSED.
     82.  It shall be the  duty of the occupant  of every
house within the  limits of this city in  the month of  May,
in each and every year, to cleanse the cellars thereof of all
dirt, vegitable and other impure   matter calculated  to en-
gender disease, and  to cause them to be thoroughly white-
washed with fresh lime.

               COMPULSORY  VACCINATION
     83.  It shall be the   duty of every  adult and every
parent,  guardian  or  master  of every  minor,   residing
within  the limits  of this   city, who  has  not had  small-
pox, or been vaccinated so as to  have  taken  cow-pox  reg-
ularly, to be, if an adult,  vaccinated, or,  in  the  case of a
minor, to cause such  minor  to  be vaccinated within six
months from the date of the  passage  of  this rule,  unless
unable  to do  so by reason  of  poverty ;  and  it  shall
be lawful for any regularly educated physician residing in
this city on application of such resident adult, or  the par-
ent, master or guardian of such resident minor, as  are un-
able by reason of  poverty to pay the vaccination  fee, to
vaccinate said adult  or said  minor  on   order  of health
officer and present his bill therefore, properly authenticated
NATIONAL LIBRARY OF  MEDICINE
 ^ BETHESDA  14,  MD. 
50
for an amount not exceeding  the  fee  usually  charged for
such services, and to recover  the  same  by and from  the
city.

      VACCINATION OF SCHOOL CHILDREN REQUIRED.
     84.   No pupil shall be allowed  to  attend the public
schools in this city who  has not been vaccinated  success-
fully within seven years.
'   AN ACT  TO  PROVIDE FOR  THE  MORE  EF-
       FECTUAL  PROTECTION  OF  THE  PUBLIC
       HEALTH  IN  THE  SEVERAL  MUNICIPAL-
       ITIES OF  THIS  COMMONWEALTH.

       Section  I.  Be  it enacted, &c , That  every phyiscian
   located or practicing in any of the  municipalities of this
   Commonwealth, who shall know that any person whom he
   or she is called upon  to visit, or who comes or is brought
   to  him or her for examination,  is  suffering   from,  or  is
   afflicted  with cholera,  small-pox, (variola  or  varioloid),
   diphtheria, diphtheritic  croup, membraneous croup, scarlet
   fever,  typhoid fever, typhus  fever, yellow fever, epidemic
   cerebro-spinal fever, relapsing fever or  leprosy, shall  forth-
   with  make  report in  writing, or  upon blanks  to  be fur-
   nished for that  purpose, to  the  health authorities  of the
   municipality  in  which  said  person may be located, which
   said report shall, over his or her  own  signature, state the
   name  of  the  disease and the  name, age  and sex of the
   person suffering therefrom, and shall also set forth by street
   and number, or otherwise sufficiently designate the  house 
5i
room  or  other place in which said person may be located,
together  with  such  other  information relating  thereto as
may be deemed important by said health authorities.

     Sec. II.  Upon receipt by  the  health authorities of a
report of the  existence  of a case of cholera,  small-pox,
(variola  or  varioloid),  scarlet  fever,  typhus  fever, yellow
fever, relapsing  fever, diphtheria,  diphtheritic  croup, mem-
braneous  croup  or leprosy in any  of said municipalities,
they may at once place or cause to be placed  in  a conspic-
uous place or places upon or near the house or premises in
which  said case may be located, a placard or placards upon
which  shall be printed in large letters  the name of the dis-
ease from which the person  or persons  in  said house or
premises may be suffering as aforesaid  as the case may be ;
Provided, That  variola or  varioloid  shall  be  placarded as
" small-pox," and that diphtheritic croup and membraneous
croup shall  be placarded  as " diphtheria," and said placard
or  placards  shall  remain thereon, until such  time as the
rules and regulations established  by the health authorities
regarding the  destruction  or  disinfection of infected bed-
ding, clothing or other  articles which have been  exposed to
infection and the disinfection of houses and premises have
been fully complied with ;  Provided, That in  addition to
the placarding aforesaid, or in lieu of the same,  the  said
health authorities may  place a guard or guards upon said
house or premises.
     Sec. III.   The head  of  the family  occupying  any
house  or premises  upon  or  near which said  placard or
placards aforesaid may  be placed, shall  be  liable  for the fine
or  penalty provided by this act  in  any case  where  such 
52
placard or placards are removed, defaced, covered up, taken
down or destroyed, with his  or her knowledge or consent
before the time provided by section  2 of this act.
     Sec.  IV.   In the care and burial of the bodies of per-
sons  who  have died of cholera, small-pox. yellow fever,
typhus fever, scarlet  fever, relapsing fever, diphtheria, diph-
theritic croup, membraneous  croup  or leprosy in any of the
municipalities of this Commonwealth, it shall  be  the  duty
of the undertaker  or other  person  or persons having the
body in  charge, to  thoroughly disinfect and  place every
such body within  the coffin or casket in which  it is to  be
buried within six hours after  being first  called upon to take
charge of the same; Provided, Said call  is made  between
 the  hours  of five  ante meridian and  eleven  post  meridan,
otherwise  such body  shall  be so placed  in  such coffin
or   casket  within  twelve  hours,   the  coffin or casket
then to  be  closed  tightly, and not  again  opened, unless
permission be granted  by the health authorities for special
and  satisfactory cause shown ; Provided, That the health
authorities in any municipality may adopt  more  stringent
 rules and regulations than are herein provided, for the dis-
 infection,  preparation  and  burial  of the bodies of persons
 who have died of  any of  the diseases named in this section
 which rules  and  regulations they  may from time  to time
 alter or amend.
      Sec.  V.   The body of a person who has died of any
 of the diseases mentioned in section four of this act, shall
 not remain unburied for a longer period of time than thirty-
 six  hours  after death, unless special permission be granted
 by the health  authorities extending the time during which 
53
said body may remain unburied for special and satisfactory
cause shown.   The head of the family,  and the person  or
persons having charge of the funeral of such body, shall be
responsible for any violation of the provisions of this section.
     Sec. VI.   All  services held in connection  with  the
funeral of the body of a person who has died of any of the
diseases mentioned in section four of this act, must be  pri-
vate, and the attendance  thereat,  shall  include  only  the
immediate adult relatives of the  deceased,  and  the neces-
sary number of adult pall-bearers, and any advertisement of
such funeral shall state the cause  of death.  The  head of
the family, and the person  or persons having  charge of
said funeral services  shall be responsible for any  violation
of the provisions of this section.
     Sec. VII.   The body of a person  wholias died of any
of the diseases mentioned in section four of this act, shall in
no instance be taken into any church, chapel, public hall or
public building, for the holding  of  funeral services.  The
head of the family and the person or persons having charge
of said funeral services, and  the sexton, janitor,  or other
person or persons having charge or  control of such church,
chapel, public hall or public building, shall be  responsible
for any  violation of the provisions of this section.
     Sec. VIII.   No undertaker, or other  person or per-
sons having charge of the funeral or burial of the  body of
a person who has died of any of the diseases mentioned in
section four of this act, shall in any case furnish, or provide
for such funeral, more than the necessary  number of con-
veyances for said adult relatives and pall-bearers, and  all
such conveyances which may have been used or  occupied 
54
by any person or persons  who  have been residing  in  the
same family, or house, with the  deceased, shall be  fumi-
gated and disinfected at such time, and in  such  manner as
may be directed and required by the health authorities.
     Sec.  IX.  The body of a person who has died of any
of the diseases mentioned in section four of this act, shall
not be conveyed to or from any dwelling,  or other building
or place, to any cemetery or other point or place within or
through any of said municipalities, except in  a hearse or
other vehicle used  for the purpose of conveying  corpses
only, or in such vehicle as  shall  be  satisfactory to  the
health authorities, and under such regulations as they  may
in any case adopt.  The undertaker and the person or per-
sons having charge of the funeral or transportation of such
body, shall be responsible for any violation of the provisions
of this section.
     Sec.  X.   Upon  the  removal to hospital or  other
place, or upon the discharge by recovery or death, of  any
person or persons who have suffered from any  of the  dis-
eases mentioned in section four of this act,  the premises
where the said  disease existed, shall be fumigated and  dis-
infected, and the bedding, clothing and other infected artic-
les  destroyed, or disinfected, at such time  and in such man-
ner, as  may  be  authorized and  required by  the  health
authorities. The head of the family or the person  or per-
sons having charge of the premises shall-be responsible for
any violation of the provisions of this section.
     Sec.  XI.   No child or other person  belonging to, or
residing with the family of any  person or residing  in the
same house in which any person  may be located who  is 
55
 suffering from  cholera,  small-pox,  (variola or  varioloid,)
 scarlet fever,  typhus fever,  yellow  fever, relapsing fever,
 diphtheria, diphtheritic croup, membraneous croup  or  lep-
 rosy shall be  permitted to attend any  public, private,  par-
 ochial, Sunday  or other school in  said municipalities,  and
 all school  principals.  Sunday  school superintendents or
 other persons in charge  of such  schools,  are  hereby  re-
 quired to exclude any and all  such children and persons
 from said schools, such exclusion to continue for a period
 of thirty days following the discharge by recovery or death
 of the  person  last afflicted in said house or family, or his or
 her removal to  hospital,  and the  thorough  disinfection of
 the premises,  and all  such children or other  persons as
 aforesaid, before being permitted  to attend or  return to
 school, shall furnish to said  principal   or  other  person in
 charge of said schools, a  certificate  signed by the medical
 attendant of said children or persons, or by a physician to
 be designated by the health authorities  of said  municipali-
 ties setting forth that  the thirty days  mentioned  in  this
 section have fully  expired:  Provided  however,   That  the
 health authorities may by rule  or  regulation provide that
 such certificates shall only be given by a person to be des
 ignated by said  authorities, and in such case  no  other  cer-
 tificate shall be  recognized.

     Sec  XII.   All principals  or other persons  in  charge
 of schools  as aforesaid are hereby required to refuse the ad-
 mission of any child to the schools  under their  charge or
 supervision, except upon  a certificate signed by a physician,
 setting forth that such child  has been successfully  vacci-
nated,  or that  it has previously  had small-pox. 
56
     Sec. XIII.  The health authorities of said municipali-
ties shall furnish to principals or other persons in charge of
said schools, and to physicians, the necessary certificates or
blanks for the uses  and purposes as set forth and  required
in sections one, eleven and twelve of this act.  The registry
of said school shall exhibit the names and residences of  all
children or persons  admitted or  rejected for reasons set
forth in this act, and said registry shall be open at all times
to the inspection of the health authorities.
     Sec. XIV.  It shall be the duty of the health author-
ities in the several  municipalities as  aforesaid  to furnish
daily, by mail or otherwise, to principals  or other persons
in charge of said schools, a printed or written bulletin,  con-
taining the name, location, and disease of all persons suffer-
ing from cholera,  small-pox, (variola or varioloid,) scarlet
fever, typhus fever, yellow fever, relapsing fever, diphtheria,
diphtheritic croup,  membraneous  croup or  leprosy,  upon
receipt by them of  reports of such cases from physicians as
required in  section  one  of  this  act: Provided,  That  the
health authorities of any municipality may,  in  lieu  of the
daily bulletin herein required, provide that a notice shall be
given to the school or schools attended by  the children in
whose home or residence any of the diseases mentioned in
this  section exist, and prescribe the form of said notice.

     Sec.  XV.   No person suffering  from  any  of the
diseases mentioned  in section four of this act, nor  any  one
who has charge of  a  person so  suffering, shall enter  any
hired vehicle or other public conveyance, or permit any one
in his or her charge who is so suffering to enter  such ve-
hicle without previously notifying the owner or driver there- 
57
of that he or the person in his charge  is  so  suffering,  and
the owner or driver of such vehicle shall  immediately pro-
vide for the disinfection of such  conveyance  after  it has,
with the knowledge of such owner or driver, conveyed  any
such sufferer, under the direction of the  health  authorities.
     Sec. XVI.  No person suffering  from any  of the
diseases  named in section four of this act shall  wilfully ex-
pose himself or herself in  any street,  or public place,  or
public conveyance, nor shall any person  in charge of one so
suffering, thus expose the sufferer.
     Sec. XVII.  No person shall without previous disin
fection,   give, lend,   sell,  transmit or expose any bedding,
clothing, rags or other articles which have been exposed to
infection: Provided, That  such restriction shall not apply to
the transmission of articles, with proper precautions, for the
purpose of having the same disinfected.
     Sec XVIII.  No  person  shall  konwingly  let  any
room, house or part of a house, in which there  has  been a
person suffering from any of the diseases mentioned in  sec-
tion four of this act, without having such room,  house or
part of a house, and all articles  therein  liable  to infection,
previously disinfected to the satisfaction   of the health au-
thorities.  The keeping  of a  hotel, boarding house or
apartment house shall be deemed as  letting  a  part of a
house to any person who shall be admitted as a  guest  into
such hotel,  boarding  house or apartment house.
     Sec. XIX.  The  health  authorities  of the  several
municipalities of this Commonwealth shall,  and they are
hereby  authorized and  empowered  to establish rules and
regulations  regarding the isolation of persons who  may be 
58
suffering from any of the diseases mentioned in section four
of this act, and for  the  destruction,  disinfection and fumi-
gation of bedding, clothing or other infected articles, and
for the disinfection and fumigation of houses  and premises,
and for the carrying out of the provisions  of this  act,  as
they may in good faith declare the public safety and health
demand, which rules and regulations they  may from  time
to time alter or amend.
     Sec. XX.   No justice of the  peace or  other  officer,
excepting election officers, shall at the same time be a mem-
ber of the board of health of such municipality, or hold any
office or  appointment under the same.
     Sec. XXI.  Any physician,  undertaker, principal  of
a school, superintendent of a Sunday school,  sexton, jani-
tor, head  of  a family  or  any  other person or  persons
named in this act, who shall fail, neglect  or refuse  to com-
ply with, or who  shall violate any of the  provisions  or re-
quirements of this act, shall for every such  offense, upon
conviction thereof before  any  mayor, burgess, alderman,
police magistrate, or justice of the peace  of  the municipal-
ity in which said offense was committed, be liable to a fine
or penalty therefore  of not less than  five  dollars, nor more
than one hundred dollars,  which said  fines or  penalties
shall be paid into the treasurer of said  municipality, and
in default of payment thereof,  such  person  or persons  so
convicted shall undergo an imprisonment in  the jail  of the
proper county for a period not exceeding sixty days.
  Approved—The  18th day of June, A.  D. 1895. 
59
  PERIOD OF ISOLATION ESTABLISHED FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN.
     85.   No parent, guardian or master,  in  whose  house
 or family there shall have  been a  communicable disease,
 dangerous to the public health, shall permit any  child  re-
 siding in said house or family to attend any public, private
 or Sunday school, after the cessation of said  disease, with-
 in a period  of ten  days  after the house  shall have been
 thoroughly disinfected and cleansed.   And it shall be the
 duty of the board  to  have this section  printed  on cards
 mentioning the names  of diseases  declared communicable
 and dangerous to the public health in this rule, and posted
 in every school room in this city ; and it shall be  the  duty
 of each teacher to read the section to the  school  at  least
 once a month and whenever any epidemic  shall appear.
 And it shall be the duty  of the  board of  health  to  have
 this  section printed on cards and furnished to  every private
 school,  academy,   seminary,  kindergarten  and  Sunday
 school in this city, and to request the person  or persons in
 charge of such private institutions to  post such  cards in
 conspicuous places, and read this section  to the school at
 least once a  month, and whenever any epidemic shall pre-
 vail.

       CERTIFICATES OF DEATH AND BURIAL PERMITS.
     86,   Every undertaker who may have charge of the
 funeral of any dead person,  shall procure a properly filled
 out certificate of the death and its  cause, in  accordance
 with the form prescribed by the board  of  health,  and  ob-
tain a burial  or transit permit thereupon from  the  secretary
of the board  of health or health officer  at least twenty-four 
6o
hours before the time appointed for such funeral  except in
the case of a contagious disease ;  and he  shall not remove
any dead body until such burial or transit permit shall have
been procured.
            SEXTONS, CEMETERY KEEPERS, &C.
     87.   No  sexton shall dig a grave of any person dying
in this city, to be buried in any of the cemeteries  or burial
places within this city, without such permit; and the sup-
erintendent or sexton shall keep  a correct record of  the
same : no bodies shall be disinterred without first obtaining
a permit from the secretary of the board of health.

     PRACTICING PHYSICIANS TO REPORT ALL  DEATHS.
     88.   Every practicing physician in  this city shall  re-
port to the secretary of the board all cases of death com-
ing under his supervision, within the limits of the city, with
name,  color, age, condition (married or single), residence,
place of birth, date of death, and  cause  of death,  and  the
signature of the physician with his place of residence.

              EXHUMATION  OF DEAD BODIES.
     89.   No  dead  body shall  be  exhumed  and  removed
between the months  of May and October inclusive without
permission of the board of health, they reserve the right to
grant or refuse any  permit as in their judgement they may
deem proper.   No body dead from small-pox shall ever be
exhumed and  removed.

       PHYSICIANS AND MIDWIVES  TO REPORT BIRTHS.
     90.   It shall be the duty of  every physician or mid-
wife to make a return of every birth at which  they shall 
6i
 officiate within three days, giving name of parents, sex  and
 color of child, place of birth, etc.,  and  for the purpose of
 enabling physicians  and  midwives to  make returns  in  a
 proper manner, they shall be provided with blank forms of
 reports by applying at the secretary's office.

 LICENSES TO BE OBTAINED TO EMPTY AND REMOVE THE CON-
            TENTS  OF PRIVY-WELLS, SINKS, ETC.

     91.   Every person desirous of being  licensed to empty
 or remove  the  contents of privy-wells and sinks within the
 limits of the city, shall make application in  writing  to  the
 board  of health, who, on being  satisfied with the character
 of the applicant and the security and tightness of his carts,
 shall grant him a permit, at which time he  shall furnish to
 the secretary the name of the owner, agent  or occupant of
 such property  as shall so employ him, to be mentioned in
 said permit and recorded in  the office, and he shall deposit
 the contents of such privy-well or sink in  the city dumping
 ground ; and if such person shall, by his agents or servants,
 remove, cause, or allow, or assist in removing the contents
 of any  privy-well or sink within  said city,  without first hav-
 ing obtained such permit, or shall deposit  the contents of  a
 privy-well or sink at any place but the dumping ground, he
 shall, for every such offense, forfeit and  pay to the board of
 health the sum of twenty-live dollars.

                    CERTIFIED COPIES.
     92.  All persons  obtaining certified  copies  from  the
secretary of the board of health shall pay the sum of one
dollar. 
62
     93.   No person or persons shall  connect any cellar in
the City of Bradford with any public sewer  of said city,
and  all persons  now  having  their  cellars connected with
any  public  sewer of said city shall  disconnect the  same
within ten  days  after the  approval of this  rule, and any
person or persons violating the provisions hereof shall upon
conviction before the Mayor or any Alderman  of the City
of Bradford, be fined in any sum not exceeding fifty dollars,
and in default of  payment, be committed  to the county jail
or city lockup for any period not  exceeding thirty days, in
the discretion of  the Mayor or Alderman.

     94.  All persons desiring to  convey  or  remove swill,
offal or garbage matter of any  sort within the City of Brad-
ford must obtain  a permit so to do from the  health  officer
of the board of health, and register with him, and  must  be
provided with and  carry all such  swill,  offal  or garbage
matter in the proper vehicle for that purpose, which shall
be so constructed that said  swill, offal  or garbage  matter
can  be carried in  tightly  closed recepticles, with covers
permanently attached thereto,  and before any such  peimit
is granted, such vehicles  in  which the person desiring  the
permit is to convey said swill, offal  or garbage,  shall  first
be inspected and approved by  the health officer of the City
 of Bradford.   Any person violating this rule shall be liable
 on conviction before the  Mayor or any alderman  of  said
 city, to a fine not exceeding ten dollars,  in  the  discretion
 of the Mayor or Alderman, and in  default of payment be
 committed  to the county jail or city lockup for a period r.ot
 exceeding thirty days.

      95.   That  in-  order to obtain  accurate information for 
63
 the purpose of inspection of milk and the prevention of the
 spread of infectious diseases through milk within the City
 of Bradford, every person  or persons,  firm  or  association
 selling or peddling milk within  the city limits of the City
 of Bradford  shall, on the  first day  of May,  1895,  and
 annually thereafter on the  first day of May of each and
 every year thereafter  register in  a book provided for that
 purpose  by  the  board of health  of the City of Bradford,
 and to be kept at the office of the  secretary  of  said board,
 their name or names, place of business,  or location of farm
 or dairy, and the number of cows kept by them, and on the
 first day  of  each  month  thereafter they shall  report any
 change in the number of cows.  Any person  or persons,
 firm or  association beginning  the business  of  selling or
 peddling milk  after the first day of May in any year shall
 register as above required within ten days from the  time
 they shall begin  to sell  or peddle milk within said city.
 Any person or persons, firm or association failing to  com-
 ply with this  rule, shall upon conviction before  the Mayor
 or any Alderman of said  city, be  subject to  a fine not ex-
 ceeding twenty-five dollars, in the discretion  of  the Mayor
 or Alderman,  and in  default of payment be  committed to
 the county jail or city lockup for a period not exceeding
 thirty days.

               DUTIES OF  HEALTH OFFICER.
     96.   It shall be the duty of the health officer to exe-
 cute the  foregoing rules  and regulations, and  any others
 that the board may from time to time adopt.  He shall attend
 the meetings of the board and report to them all violations of
these  rules and  regulations, which have come  under  his 
64
cognizance, as well as any resistance or remonstrance which
he may meet with in executing the orders of the board. He
shall also hear any complaints that may be made of a viola-
tion of these rules and regulations  by any of our citizens,
or of any nuisance,  source  of filth, or anything  whatever
which may impair the sanitary condition  of this city, and if
not explicitly provided for in the foregoing rules and regu-
lations, refer them to the board  for instructions.   He shall
make a report of all work done  by him once  a month and
file the same with the secretary of the  board.
     97.   It shall be the duty of the secretary of the board
of health whenever  any matters pertaining  to the public
health are reported  to  him to immediately report the same
to the health officer.
     98.   Any person or persons violating any of the fore-
going rules will be subject to  a  fine,  if convicted, of from
five to one hundred  dollars, at the  desecretion of the con-
victing magistrate, Mayor or alderman, with the exception
of the rules where penalties are  specified. 
65
RULES  OF  ORDER.
     I.   The order of business shall be as follows :
            i.   A quorum (i. e., three members') being pres-
          ent, the President shall take the chair and call the
          board to order.
            2.   The minutes of the last  meeting shall be
          read, and, if necessary, corrected and adopted.
            3.   Communications  may  be  presented  and
          disposed of.
            4.   Reports of Committees and Health Officer
          may be made and considered.
            5.   Resolutions may be offered and discussed.
     II.   When a member is about  to  speak  in debate, or
to communicate any matter to the board, he shall rise and
respectfully address himself  to  " Mr. President," confining
his remarks to the subject before the board.
     III.   Members  desiring  to be heard upon any motion
or resolution before the board shall not be allowed to speak
more than five minutes on any one subject;  nor shall they
speak oftener than twice on any  motion or resolution.
     IV.   The President shall  not speak' on any question
before the board while  in the chair ;  should  he desire to
engage in debate, he must call another member to the chair. 
66
     V.   If any member in debate transgresses the rules of
the board, the President shall, or any member may, through
the President, call  him  to  order ;  the member  so called
shall immediately sit down, unless permitted to explain.
     VI.  On questions of order, there shall be no debate,
except on an  appeal from the decision of the President, sus-
tained by two members.
     VII.  No member, when speaking, shall be  interrup-
ted, unless  by a call to order, or by a  member to explain,
or by a  motion for the previous question.
     VIII.   No member of the board  shall leave his seat
during the  session of the board, unless by permission of the
chair, and no member shall leave the room  whilst  another
is on the floor.
     IX.  Every motion made and seconded, shall be dis-
tinctly announced from the chair before any  debate on it
can take place, and, when the discussion is closed, the Pres-
ident  shall  put the  question in the  following form : "As
many as are in favor of the motion, say aye ;" and, after the
affirmative  is  expressed, he shall reverse the question thus ;
" As many  as are of the contrary  opinion,  say no."  But
the President, or any member, may call for a division of the
board, when  the  President shall  again put the  question,
distinctly, in the following  manner: "As many as are in  the
affirmative  will rise;" and when  he has announced the num-
ber in the affirmative, he shall put the opposite side  of the
question : "As many as are in the negative will rise."  Two
members may require the yeas and nays  to  any  question
and have them entered on  the  minutes ; but the  President
shall always vote last. 
67
     X.  A motion shall be committed to writing, at  the
request of any member.
     XL   A motion may be withdrawn by the mover and
seconder before amendment or decision, and,  if withdrawn,
the proceedings had thereon shall not appear on  the  min-
utes.
     XII.  A member may call for a division of the  ques-
tion, if it  comprehends distinct questions.
     XIII.   No business regularly before the  Board shall
be interrupted, except by motion for  adjournment, for the
previous  question, viz : "Shall the main  question  be now
put?" and which shall be decided without  debate, oi for
postponement, for commitment, or for amendment.
     XIV.  A motion for the previous  question must  be
sustained by at least two members, and  shall  be decided
without debate.
     XV.  A motion for postponement  shall  preclude
commitment ; that for commitment shall  preclude amend-
ment or  decision on the original subject.
     XVI.  No  motion for reconsideration shall be  re-
ceived, unless made and seconded by members who voted in
the majority, nor unless offered within two stated meetings
of the  one at which the  decision was had on the original
question.
     XVII.  When a blank is to be  filled, the  question
shall be  taken on the largest  sum,  greatest number, and
remotest day.
     XVIII.  Corrections to the minutes  may be moved
by any member at the ensuing meeting, provided it shall be 
68
shown that the said corrections are required in  order to
render the minutes an accurate detail of the  business  tran-
sacted at the meeting.
     XIX.   When cases occur  not provided  for  in the
above rules, the practice and rules laid  down in Robert's
Manual shall govern.
     XX.  No rule shall be suspended, or  altered,  except
by a vote of four members, unless the same shall have been
proposed at a previous stated meeting. 
     This is to certify that  at a  meeting of the  Board  of
 Health held  January 6th, 1897,  the foregoing Rules and
 Regulations were unanimously adopted.
            First District.   FRED W. WINGER. M.  D.
         Second District,   L  B. WATERS.
           Third District,   C  P. McALLISTKR.
         Fourth District,   C. D. BUSS.  M.  D,  Pres't.
 Fifth and Sixth  District,   E.  R. SHERMAN.
 Attest:  Jas. A Lindsev, Secretary.
     Approved January 7th,  1897
                           GEO.  C.  FAGNAN,  Mayor.
 Attest:  Jas. A. Lindsky, City Clerk.

 Fred W. Winger,  M  D., teim  expires April,  1899.
 L. B. Waters, term expires April,  1898.
 C. P. McAllister,  term expires April 1897.
C. D. Buss,  M. D.,  term  expires April, 1901.
E  R. Sherman, term  expires April,  1900. 
 
69
INDEX.
 Act of  May 23, 1889  •  •  •   •    ........     3
 Act of  June  18,  1895.............    rQ
 Births to be reported *...........        60
 Bone boiling  and other offensive trades, how to be
     conducted..............        o?
 Bone boiling forbidden............    04
 Cellars  to be cleansed.............    40
 Certificates of death  and burial permits......    50
 Certified copies............           5j
 Cleansing of houses in case  of epidemic, and estab-
     lishing of hospitals............    40
 Diseases dangerous to public  health enumerated   .  .    38
 Disinfection required.............    46
 Duties of  Officers—
       Committee on Burial Grounds and Registration   26
      Committee on Nuisances.........    26
      Elective Officers............    25
      Health Officer . .  . •........27,   63
      President...............    24
      Sanitary Policeman...........    29
      Secretary...............    24
Exhumation of dead  bodies   ..........    00
Expense of quarantine.............    4^
Exposure  of infected persons  or  things forbidden  .  .    40
Funerals forbidden..............    4 c
Health Officer to  place notice.........    40
House drains—How connected with sewers  ....    37
Householders required to report    ........    38
House refuse, garbage, etc., not  to be exposed ...    32 
7o
Infected animals to be excluded.........   46
Infected conveyances to be disinfected......   45
Infected houses or rooms not to be let.....•   4°
Licenses to be obtained............   "I
Milk not to be adulterated...........   47
No unwholesome food to be sold........   4°
Nuisances defined..............   31
Ordinance No. 299..............     7
Ordinance No. 364..............   4$
Ordinance No. 365....../.......   47
Ordinance No. 407..............   22
Period of isolation..............   59
Physicians'  report..............   41
Physicians required to report..........   39
Pig pens and chicken coops not to be allowed  ....   35
Practicing physicians to report all deaths.....   60
Privies not to remain near wells of drinking water  .   35
Removing persons from filthy habitations.....   41
Rules of Order   ...........• .  .   .  .   65
School teachers to be notified..........   39
Sewer drains not to contaminate water supply  ...   36
Sextons, cemetery keepers, etc.........   60
Slaughter houses, cattle yards, etc., to  be kept  clean  32
Spreading false rumors............   41
Stables to be kept clean............   34
To disinfect a room..............   39
Vaccination—Compulsory...........   49
Vaccination—School children required......    50 
 
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