*X*i jre\V& ,"S o\v THE PHYSICIAN'S PRESCRIPTION BOOK: CONTAINING LIST OF TERMS, PHRASES, CONTRACTIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS, WITH EXPLANATORY NOTES, ALSO THE GRAMMATICAL CONSTRUCTION OF PRESCRIPTIONS, ETC., ETC, TO WHICH IS ADDED A KEY, CONTAINING THE PRESCRIPTIONS IN AN UNABBREVIATED FORM, WITH A LITERAL TRANSLATION, INTENDED^FOR THE USE OF MEDICAL AND I*HAR.MACEUTICAL STUDENTS. •"' - ~y •> ■^IBSI. A^IBBIGA^ FHC^t THE TESfS 'LONDpil EDITION. PHIL'A»E"LPHIA: LINDSAY AND BLAKISTON. 18 52. Rfffi Qv fd-™- .«■ Sill •/>( ■ i C. SHERMAN, PRINTER. PREFACE TO THE TENTH EDITION. In this Edition the Author has made various cor- rections and additions, which he hopes will add to the utility of the work, and be deemed improve- ments. The most important addition is the Prosodiacal Vocabulary, exhibiting the quantities and the ac- cents in the pronunciation of the names of druga and chemicals employed in medicine. PREFACE TO THE NINTH EDITION. This little work has been before the public for about eighteen years, during which time eight large editions of it have been sold; and the publisher states that the ninth edition is much inquired after. These facts have satisfied the Author that the work has proved useful. It is hoped that the present edition will be found greatly superior to the preceding ones, from which it differs in the following, amongst other, particu- lars : 1. The List of Terms, Phrases, &c, has been considerably enlarged, and numerous additional notes appended. The distinctive meanings of the vi PREFACE. various synonymes have been carefully pointed out; and the Latin words or phrases connected with the corresponding English ones, by the same figure being prefixed to each. 2. The Chapter on Nomenclature has been almost entirely rewritten, and, it is believed, greatly im- proved. Moreover, a list of classical and barba- rous names has been added. 3. To the Chapter on Abbreviations and Contrac- tions there has been added a tabular view of such abbreviated names of medicines as are applicable to two or more substances, and the use of which, therefore, by the prescriber, may lead to serious mistakes in dispensing. 4. The Chapter on the Pronunciation of Ph"rn>" ceutical Terms is entirely new. Imperfect and incomplete as it necessarily is, the Author notwith- standing trusts that it will not be without its use- fulness. PREFACE. • vii 5. A tolerably copious Table of Contents has been given: that contained in preceding editions being much too concise. 6. An Index of some of the principal subjects, terms, and explanatory notes, has also been added. TABLE OF CONTENTS. PART I. GENERAL REMARKS ON PRESCRIPTIONS. Chap. I.—Definitions. Prescription, Formula, Re- ceipt, or Recipe.—Parts of prescriptions..... 13 Chap. II.—Historical Notice. The Pentateuch. Seri- bonius Largus............................ 15 Chap. III.—Language used in Prescriptions. Cus- toms of different countries. Reasons for pre- ferring the Latin Language................ 16 Lists of Terms, Phrases, &c, employed in pre- scriptions: Sect. 1.— Terms relating lo General Bloodletting. Phlebotomy. Arteriolomy. Fainting. Instru- ments used for bloodletting................ 18 Sect. 2.— Terms relating to Local Bloodletting. Cupping, and apparatus for. Leeches, their application.—Scarification................. 23 ^T. 3.— Terms relating lo the Extraction of Teeth, SfC. Toothache. Extraction of teeth. Lancing the gums. Tooth instruments..... 29 Sect. 4 —Terms relating to Plasters, fyc Plasters, malagmata, pastilli, cataplasms, epispastics, blisters.................................. 30 zcr. 5.— Terms relating to Friction, tyc. Friction, inunction and dusting or besprinkling...... 34 Sect. 6.—Terms relating to Shaving, ap/io/fOTroiia. 'Ev 'Adnvt;, 1837. Pharma- copcea Graca. Athenis, 1837. § The Pharmacopoeia of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. Edinb. 1841. 12mo. 18 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Sect. 1.—De sanguinis mis- Of General Blood- stone* generali.f letting. Sanguinis missio, detractio, Bloodletting. Cels.J Sanguinem 'mittere, 2detra- To let blood ('to let or here, sextrahere, Cels. ; send, 2detract or ab- —\£0oroftia from A£/?dff, the genitive case of $>\iip, a vein, and rijivw, I cut. T.he student will observe that Cel- sus never employs the term phlebotomia, nor any of its deri- vatives Cicero has " incidere venam, quod medici phle- hotomare dicunt." — Phlebotomy was first practised by Podalirius, a c 1184. (Le Clerc, Hist, de la MM. liv. i. ch. 18.)—The operation is said to have been learned from the Hippopotamus. " For he finding himselfe overgrosse and fat, by reason of his high feeding so continually, getteth forth of the water to the shore, having espied afore where the reeds and rushes have been newly cut: and where he seeth the sharpest cane and best pointed, hee setteth his body hard to it, for to prick a certaine veine in one of his leggcs, and thus by letting himselfe bloud, maketh evacuation: whereby his bodie, otherwise enclining to dis- eases and maladies, is well eased of the superfluous humor : and when he hath thus done, he stoppeth the orifice again with mud, and so stancheth the bloud, and healeth up the wound." (Pliny, The Historie of the World. Translated by P. Holland, M.D. Book viii. ch. 26.) 20 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 'Sanguinem, incisa arteria, 'To let blood by an mittere, Cels.—'Arterio- incised artery. — tomia.*—3Fiat sectio ar- 3Arteriotomy.—3Let teriae temporalis. the section of the temporal artery be made. 'Sanguinem mittere ex bra- 'To take blood from chio,—sjuxta talum, ex the arm,—2fromboth utroque crure, CELS.f legs near the ankle. * From dprripia, an artery, and «/, concido, to fell or cut down) is of the feminine gender, and is thus declined: N. Syncope, G. Syncopes, D. Syncope, Ace. Sj/ncopen, V. Syn- cope, Abl. Syncope. t Patienis are bled, while in the recumbent posture, to avoid syncope. The practice of bleeding them to (hinting, in this posture, as recommended by Mr. Wardrop, is highly dangerous. 22 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. —erectus.* to sleep, — 3supine (i. e. laid on the back),—*erect. 'Bene largo canali,f Cels. 'In a full stream.— Pleno rivo.J—2Ex largo 2From a large wound vulnere. [«'. e. incision or ori- fice]. Scalpellus,g Cels. Phle- A scalpel or lancet; an botomum vel phleboto- instrument to let mon,|| Aurel.—Lanceo- blood with. la; lancetta. 'Fascia ; — 2fascia lintea, 'A fillet, roller, or ban- Cels. dage;—a a linen ban- dage. Ligatura. A ligature. 'Penicillum (vel penicillus), 'A tent or pledget.— * Dr. Marshall Hall (Inlrod. Led. to a Course of Lectures on the Practice of Physic, p. 36) employs bloodletting as a source of diagnosis. He places the patient upright and looking upwards, and bleeds to incipient syncope: ''in inflammation much blood flows; in irritation very little." t This phrase is applied by Celsus (lib. i. cap. 4) to a stream of water. t Rivus is usually translated "a river;" but it means literally "a stream '"e.g. " sanguinis rivus," " a stream of blood." Pliny (.Hist. Nat. lib. xi. cap. 88, ed. Valp.) calls the veins '•sanguinis rivi." Virgil (y£n. lib. ix. v. 455) has "plenos spumanti sanguine rivos." $ Celsus (lib. ii. cap. 10) employs the word sca/pellus to designate the instrument used in phlebotomizing :" At si timide scalpellus demittitur, summam culem lacerat, neque venam incidit."—Scultetus {Armamentarium Chirurgicum, p. 49, Lugd. Baf. 1693) describes the lancet thus: "Scal- pellus rectus est et ex utraque incidens lanceola dictus." || Phlebotomum (■fcAt/Jorfyoy, the neuter singular of Ac- /Jorfyoj, adj. venam incidens, that opens a vein) includes both the phleme used in veterinary surgery, and the lancet. OF LOCAL BLOODLETTING. 23 Cels. — sDeligandumque brachium superimposito expresso ex aqua frigida penicillo,* Cels. Incidatur vena sic ut ne sanguis effluens lambatf cutem, verum recte libere- que prosiliat. ■tantum, sal- sThe arm is to be bound up, and a pledget wrung out of cold water placed on it. Let a vein be cut into, so that the blood which flows out may not trickle (or flow) down the skin, but gush out directly and freely. To ---- ounces only, ----at least. Sect. 2.—De sanguinis mis- Of Local Bloodletting. sione locali. 'Cucurbitula,| Cels.;—2Cu- 'A cucurbital or cup- curbita, Aurel. Cucur- ping-glass ;—3a cu- * In this sentence Celsus (lib. ii. cap. 10) obviously uses the word penicillus to signify a pledget; but on some occa- sions he employs it to indicate a lent iniroduced into a wound to keep it open; as in the following: " Exigua peni- cilla interponenda" (lib. vii. cap. 7). t Lambere signifies to lap, to lick as a dog does ; and, figu- ratively, to run or flow gently by, as in the following, from Horace (i. Carm. xxii. 7):— ----vel quae loca fabulosus Lambit Hydaspes. " or the countries through which the fabulous Hydaspes glides [or flows gently]." J The student should be careful not to confound saltern, at least, with saltim, or per solium, by leaps. i Cucurbitula, a cucurbital or cupping-glass, is a diminu- 24 TERMS used IN PRESCRIPTIONS. bita ventosa, Juv.* Cu- curbit or cupping- curbita medicinalis, Pli- glass. NY. Cucurbitula sine ferro.f The cucurbital (cup- Cels.—Cucurbita? leves,! ping-glass) without Aurel.—Cucurbitula sine the scarificator (i. e. scarificatione,—cucurbita dry cupping, or cup- sicca. plug without scarifi- cation). 'Cucurbitae cum scarifica- 'The cucurbits [i.e. cup- tione, Aurel. 2Cucurbi- ping-glasses] with tula cruenta; 3cucurbitu- scarification ; 2the la cum ferro. bloody cupping- glass ; "the cupping- glass with the scari- ficator. Cucurbitae arentes atque Parched and dried cup- siccatae,§ Aurel. ping-glasses (cup- tive of cucurbita, a gourd, and was so called on account of its shape. Cucurbita is also employed to indicate the cu- curbit u^ed in cupping. The term cucurbitula; is applied to small cucurbits (i.e. cucurbitals). These vessels were for- merly made of brass (or copper), and of horn(Celsus, lib. ii. cap. 11), and to ihese it is obvious the term cupping-glass is not applicable.—Hippocrates employed cupping. * Cucurbita ventosa (literally the windy cucurbit), or simply ventosa without the adjunct, is a term used by some writers to indicate ihe cupping-glass generally. Others (e. g. Castelli, in his Lexicon Medicum> limit it to the dry cupping-glass. t Ferrum signifies iron, and also any instrument made of iron, as the cupping scarificator. t Cucurbita leves, lilerally the light, gentle, or mild cucur- bits. "Infigimus proeierea cucurbitas leves, quas Graci icovdias vocant, scilicit sine scarificatione" (Csel. Aurel. Acut Morb. lib. iii. cap 21, p. 258. Amstel. 1722). § Arentes et siccas cucurbitulas dicit, quae admoventur OF LOCAL BLOODLETTING. 26 ping-glasses affixed by means of flame as dis- tinguished from those affixed by means of hot water.) Cucurbitulas 'admovere, To apply cupping- 2accommodare,3adhibere, glasses ('to move to, 4defigere, Cels. ; — 5infi- 2to put to or to adapt, gere, 6apponere, 7affigere, 3to have near or to Aurel. ; 8imponere; 9ap- make use of, 4to fix plicare.* or fasten on, 5to fix or fasten in, 6to put or set to, 7to fix upon, to affix, 8to put or lay on, 9to apply). Cucurbatio, Aurel. Cupping. Cucurbitare. To cup. Cucurbitulas accomraodare, To apply cupping- cum flamma. Interdum enim cum aqua calida appone- batur, quemadmodum scripsit Albucasis cap. De usu cucur- bitularum " (Casl. Aurel. ed. supra cit. p. 31. Foot-note by Dr. J. C. Amman.) * Applicare (plicare ad) to lay.one thing to or near an- other. Admovere (movere ad) to move towards, to approach. Applicare scalas muris, Liv. lo set ladders against the walls. Admovere would only signify to bring them near the walls (Dumesnil). Dr. Fletcher, in his Horcp. Subsecivce, says, "the word applicare, to signify the external use of medi- cines, should be altogether banished, it is always impro- per." It certainly is not employed in this sense by classical medical authors. Pliny (lib. xxx. cap. 21, ed. Valp.) uses the verb ajrplico to signify the application of whelps lo the stomach. •• Si catuli, priusquam videant, applicentur triduo stornacho maxime ac pectori," &c. " If whelps, before they can see, be applied to the stomach, and especially to the breast, for three days," &c. 3 26 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. cute incisa [vel concisa], Cels. Infra praecordia quatuor digitis cucurbitula uten- dum est, Cels. Si vero etiam vehementius dolor crevit, admovendae cervicibus cucurbitulae sunt, sic ut cutis incida- tur, Cels. Confugiendumque ad cucur- bitulas est, ante summa cute incisa, Cels. Si dolor discussa non est qua dolet, cucurbitulas sine ferro defigere, Cels. Cucurbitula quoque recte sub mento et circa fauces admovetur, ut id, quod strangulat, evocet, Cels. Explicita scarificatione, rur- sum cucurbitas imponi- mus, ut sanguinis detrac- tio fiat, Aurel. glasses, the skin being cut. The cupping-glass is to be used four fingers below the praecordia. But if yet [or notwith- standing] the pain has grown [or be- come] more intense, cupping-glasses are to be applied to the neck, so that the skin may be cut. And recourse must be had to the cupping- glasses, the skin being previously cut. If the pain is not removed, to apply the cupping-glasses without the scarifi- cator (t. e. to use dry cupping) to the part affected. A cupping-glass is also properly applied be- low the chin and about the fauces, that it may draw out that which suf- focates. Scarification having been effected, we again apply cupping- glasses, that the OF LOCAL BLOODLETTING. 27 drawing away of blood may be accom- plished. Sanguisuga,* Cels. Hiru- A leech or blood-suck- do, Pliny. er. Sanguisugium, Callisen.-j- Sanguisuction or Leeching. (The ex- * Themison, the founder of the Methodic Sect, and who lived a. d. 63, is the earliest writer in whose works we find mention of the leech as a therapeutic agent. The Greeks called it (iitXKa, from (36i\\w, to suck. The Romans termed it sanguisuga (i. e. bloodsucker) or hirudo. Celsus (lib. v. cap. 27) mentions the animal once only, and then calls it sanguisuga. Pliny {Hist. Nat. viii. 10, ed. Valp.) speaking of elephants, says, "Cruciatum in potu maximum sentiunt, haustu hirudine, quam sanguisugam vulgo coepisse appel- lari adverto." "They [i.e. elephants] experience great agony from swallowing, in the act of drinking, a leech {hirudo), which I observe has began to be commonly termed a bloodsucker {sanguisuga)." Natural historical reasons lead us to prefer the term sanguisuga as the designation of the medicinal leech; for it appears that all leeches are not provided with an apparatus for perforating the skin of ver- tebrated animals (see Dr. Pereira's Elements of Materia Medica and Therapeutics, part ii. p. 1820, 2d edit.) The leeches employed in medicine are the following:— 1. Sanguisuga officinalis, Savigny. The Green Leech. Of this there are three varieties. 2. Sanguisuga medicinalis, Savigny. Hirudo medici- nalis, L. D. True English or Speckled Leech. The Hamopis nigra, Blainville, called in France the horse-leech, was formerly dreaded on account of the sup- posed dangerous wounds which it was said to make; but it appears from the reports of MM. Huzard fils and Pelletier, confirmed by M. Moquin-Tandon, that this animal cannot perforate the skin of vertebrate animals. Leeches belong to the Articulata of Cuvier, class Annelida; order Abran- chidea of the same naturalist. t Systema Chirurgias Hodiernce, p. 100. Hafn. 1815. 28 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Hirudines apponere, Au- rel. ; admovere accom- modare, adhibere, defi- gere, affigere, imponere [see Cucurbitula, p. 23], 'Levibus plagis* incidere, Cels., secare.—2Scarifi- care, Atiu:l. Si per haec parum profici- tur, ultimum est, incidere satis altis plagis sub ipsis maxillis supra collum, et in palato circa uvam, vel eas venas, quae sub lin- gua sunt; ut per ea vul- nera morbus erumpat, Cels. Ferrum,| Cels. Scarifica- torium (est vel simplex, seu unus cultellus, i. e. lanceola chirurgica; vel compositum, e pluribus cultellis capsula compre-' traction of blood from the cutaneous vessels by the suc- tion of leeches.) To apply leeches. 'To make superficial incisions, 2to scarify. If from these things but little good a- rise, the last [reme- dy^ is to make suffi- ciently deep incisions under the jaws a- bove the neck, and in the palate about the uvula, or into those veins which are beneath the tongue; that the dis- ease may discharge by these wounds. A scarificator (it is either simple, con- sisting of one cutting instrument, as the common lancet; or compound, contain- * Plaga is used by Celsus to signify an incision. t See foot-note t, at p. 24. OF THE EXTRACTION, hensis constans, i. e. ma- china scarificatoria). Partem morsam excidere. Sect. 3.—De dentium evul- sione, fyc. Dolor dentium, Cels. Odon- talgia. Dentes 'eximere, 2evellere, 3excipere, Cels. ; 4extra- here, 5expellere. Dentium evulsio, &c. 'Gingivas incidere, Cels. ; 2gingivas levibus plagis secare. Si [dens'] exesus est, fora- men vel linamento vel bene accommodato plum- bo [vel auro] replendum est, Cels. Si vero exesus est dens, fes- tinare ad eximendum eum, nisi res coegit, non est necesse, Cels. 3* ETC., OF TEETH. 29 ing many cutters in one case, as the cup- ping scarificator). To cut out the bitten part. Of the Extraction, Sec, of Teeth. Toothache. To extract ('to take out of; 2to pluck out; 3to take out; 4to draw out; 5to expel) teeth. The extraction of teeth (tooth-drawing). 'To cut into the gums ; zto make superficial incisions in the gums (t. e. to lance the gums). If the tooth be decayed, the cavity is to be filled up either with lint, or lead well adapted to it [or with gold]. If the tooth be decay- ed, it is not neces- sary to be hasty in extracting it, unless 30 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Instrumenta dentaria. Clavis dentaria [anglicana]. Dentiducum, Aurel.—Den- tarpaga, 'OSovrotyp*. Forfex, Cels. 'Forceps dentaria commu- nis; 9forceps ad dentes expellendos; 'forceps cum rostro corvino (i>eZ4rostro psittacino, vel 5rostro vul- turino, #eZ6rostrogruino), Scultetus. 'Vectis ; 2vectis trifidus, Scult. Dentiscalpium, Martial ; Scult. circumstances de- mand it. Teeth instruments (i. e. instruments for ope- ration on the teeth). The [English] tooth- key instrument. An instrument for drawing teeth. Forceps. 'Common tooth-for- ceps ; 2forceps for drawing teeth ; 3crow's-bill forceps (or 4parrot's-bill, or 5 vulture's - bill, or 6crane's-bill forceps). 'The lever ; 2the trifid lever. A tooth-pick, Martial; also a gum-lancet, Scult. Sect. 4.—De emplastris, #c. Of Plasters, $c. Emplastrum,* Cels. A plaster. * Celsus (l»b. v. cap. 17) points out the circumstances which distinguish emplastra from malagmaia and paslilli (called by the Greeks rpoxioxouj). Malagmaia were soft vegetable compounds, analogous to our cataplasms, applied to the unbroken skin. Paslilli and emplastra contained some metallic ingredient, and were applied to wounds. The former {paslilli) consisted of dry substances united by some non-oleaginous liquid, and were used either by fr ction OF plasters, etc. 31 Emplastrum fiat. Let a plaster be made. Emplastrum imponere, ad- To apply (see p. 25) a hibere, injicere, Cels. ; plaster. apponere, Aurel.; admo- vere, applicare.* Superponi emplastris, Pli- To be applied on plas- ny. ters. 'Aluta. 2Linteum Linteo- 'Leather. 2Linen; a lum. 3Linteum carptum ; small piece of linen. linamentum. 4 Stupa. 3Scraped linen ; lint. 5Gossypium. 6Pannum; 4 Tow. 6 Cotton. 7pannum linteum ; "pan- 6Cloth ; 7linen cloth ; num cannabinum ; 9pan- 8hempen cloth ; 9cot- num gossypinum ; ,0pan- ton cloth; '"woollen num laneum. "Sericum; cloth. "Silk;taffe- taffeta. ta (a fine, smooth, glossy, silky tissue). Emplastrum illinere. To spread a plaster. In alutam extendendum,— To be spread upon inducendum. leather. Emplastrum in linteolo su- A plaster [spread] on perimponendum, Cels. a small piece of linen is to be put over [it], 'Emplastrum ad exemplar 'A plaster to pattern; (vel ad normam);f 2hujus 2of this size. magnitudinis. 'Magnitudo hujus chartae ; 'The size of this pa- 2semi-coronse nummi. per; 2of a half-crown piece. or with some soft ingredient. The latter {emplastra) con- tained fusible ingredients, and were simply applied to the part. * See note *, p. 25. t Ad normam, according to law, custom, or pattern. 32 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Pollex latus; pollicaris lati- A thumb's breadth. tudo. Renovere emplastrum. To renew the plaster. Emplastra ad extrahendum, Plasters for drawing ; Cels. ; epispastica (iria-- epispastics. 7ra.vrMt*).* ■Vesicatorium.—2Tela vesi- 'A vesicatory or blis- catoria.f 3Sericum vesi- ter.J — 2B-listering cans (French Codex) ; taf- tissue [cloth] ; 3blis- feta vesicatoria ; 4pannus tering taffeta; 4blis- vesicatorius; 5charta vesi- tering cloth; 5blister- catoria. ing paper. Vesicare; quod vesicat. To raise a blister; that which raises a blis- ter [i. e. a vesica- tory]. Usque ad vesicationem. Until vesication is pro- duced. * " What the ancients called epispastice were such ex- ternal applications as only reddened the skin, and, accord- ing to the different degree of effect, received different names ; the slightest were called phanigmoi, the next sina- pismi, the more active vesicatorii, and the strongest caus- tici."— Parr, Med. Diet. t This lerm is applied to both cloth and paper covered with a preparation of cantharidin. It comprehends, there- fore, Ihe papier ipispastique and taffetas vdsicanl of the French. t The word blister signifies both a vesicating substanct (e. g. emplastrum cantharidis) and a vesicle or bleb {vesicula vel bulla). This circumstance, it is presumed, led the wri- ter of a prescription to commit the following gross blunder • —" Applicetur emplastrum lyttae thoraci, et servetur aper- tum usu ceraii sabinas." Query: What is to be kept open ? Answer: The emplastrum lylta!! OF PLASTERS, ETC. 33 Cicatricem inducere, perdu- cere, Cels. Ulcus diuturnum, Cels. Fluxum elicere. Nutrire ulcus, Cels. Curare vulnus, Cels. ■Resolvere vulnus, Cels. ; 2resolvere fascias. Nutri partem exulceratam unguento sabinae, ut ulcus diuturnum fiat. Promovere detractionem humoris nati ab vesica- torio. 'Inspergere ;—2super ulcus, Cels. ; 3super emplas- trum. Insperge pulverem antimo- nii potassio-tartratis su- per emplastrum picis in alutam extensum. Sericum dictum anglicum (French Codex)^ To promote [the for- mation of] a cica- trix. A long-continued ulcer [as the so-called per- petual blister]. To promote the dis- charge. To dress an ulcer. To heal a wound. 'To open the ulcer; 2to open the dress- ings. Dress the ulcerated part with savine ointment, that a long-continued ulcer [i. e. perpetual blister] may be made. To promote the dis- charge of fluid pro- duced by the vesica- tory. 'To sprinkle or cast upon ; — as 2on an ulcer,—or 3on a plas- ter. Sprinkle the powder of the potassio-tartrate of antimony [emetic tartar] on the plaster of pitch spread on leather. English court plaster. 34 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Sect. 5.—De frictione, §c. 'Fricare, Cic.; 2perfricare, Cels. ; 3infrico, Pliny. Fricetur corpus lana, mani- bus, vel strigile. Caputunguento fricare, Cic. Perfricare vehementer, le- niter, Cels. Non alienum est extremas partes oleo et sulphure perfricare, Cels. 'Frictio; 2vehemens, 3lenis, 4multa, 5modica, 6longa, Cels. Cinerem ex aceto infricare, Pliny. Infrictionem ei membro ad- hibere, Cels. 'Ungere; 2inungere; 3perun- gere ; superinungere, Cels. Cerato liquido primum cer- vicem perungere, Cels. Post unctionem cibo uti, Cels. 'Linere; 2illinere; 3deli- nere; 4superillinere, Cels. Of Friction, ftc. •To rub; 2to rub all over; 3to rub in or upon. Let the body be rubbed with flannel, with the hands, or with a flesh-brush. To rub the head with ointment. To rub violently, gen- tly. It is not amiss to rub the extremities with oil and sulphur. 'Friction ; 2 violent, 3gentle, 4plentiful, smoderate, 6long. To rub in the ash with vinegar. To use friction to that limb. 'To rub [as an oint- ment ], to anoint ; 2to anoint or rub in or upon; 3to anoint or rub all over. First rub the neck over with liquid cerate. After unction to take food. 'To besmear [with some- thing thick ], » to I OF FRICTIONS, ETC. 35 spread in or upon; 3to rub over with; Ho spread upon. Lasere linguam ipsam li- To besmear the tongue nere, Cels. itself with Laser [A- safcetida ?]. Idque in linteolum illinere, And to spread this on et fronti agglutinare, a piece of linen, and Cels. aPply it to the fore- head. Delinendus homo est vel The patient is to be gypso, vel argenti spuma, rubbed over with Cels. gypsum or litharge. Idque si intus est, digito il- And, if the disorder [i. e. linendum; si extra, super- the hcemorrhois] be illitum panniculo impo- within, it [the medi- nendum est, Cels. cine] is to be applied with the finger,—if without, it is to be applied spread upon a cloth. Palpare. To stroke gently (as is done to horses). Titillare. To tickle. 'Spargere, Cic. ; 2insper- 'To strew or throw gere, Cels. ; 3respergere, about; 2to sprinkle Cels. in or upon; 3to be- sprinkle. Super eas nitrum insper- To sprinkle nitre [car- gere, Cels. bonate of soda ?] upon these. Inspergatur pauxillum su- Let a little be sprinkled per mamillas. upon the nipples. Ea membrana acri aceto This membrane is to respergenda est, Cels. be besprinkled with eham vinegar. 36 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Sect. 6.—De tonsurd, $c. Of shaving, Sec. Capilli,* Cels.; capilla- The hair of the head. mentum, Pliny ; capilli- tium, Apuleius ; crines.f Pili, Cels. The hairs of other parts. Barba, Cels. The beard. 'Radere ; Jderadere, Cels. ; 'To shave; 2to shave abradere, Pliny ;3circum- off; 3to shave round radere, Cels. or scrape about. Caput radere, Cels. To shave the head. Omnia, derasa ante, si ca- It is proper to cut all, pillis conteguntur, per previously shaven, medium opportet inci- if they be covered dere, Cels. with hairs, through the middle. Dens circumradi debet, The tooth ought to be Cels. scraped all round. Barba abraditur, praeter- The beard is shaven * Capillus, quasi capitis pilus, is sometimes employed by Latin authors to signify the hair generally. " Cultbusqne ci/m capillo pro manlelibus ante peclora uti." (Pliny, Hist. Nat. lib. vii. cap. 2.) "To weare the scalpes, haire and all, instead of mandellions or stomachers beibre their breasts." (Holland's Translation.) t Crinis (from Kpivw, discerno) is said of the hair when set in order or planed (Dumesnil, Latin Synonyms). Transl. by Rev. J. M. Cosset.—Chines signifies rather the ringlets and locks of a woman, than simply and generally the hair; it is, of course, less applicable to medical subjects.__(Jin- cinmis (from kikiwo;) is a curl of hair.— Cmsarits (from cce- do) is particularly said of a man's head of hair, because women's heads of hair never were cut.—Coma (from k6u>i) signifies a head of hair either dressed or not. OF ISSUES, SETONS, THE quam in superiore labro, Pliny. Tondere ; attondere, Cels. Ad cutem tonderi, Cels. Caput attonsum habere, Cels. Novacula, Cels. Sect. 7.—De fonticulis, se- taceis, acupunctural, Sec. Fonticulus* purulentus. Fonticulus excitetur inci- Bione (vel ferro, vel vesi- catorio, vel medicamento caustico, vel cauterio, vel ferro ignito). Fiat fonticulus purulentus, ininterstitiis musculorum brachii ; ope ferri vel caustici. Fiat fonticulus in musculo- rum duorum interstitio ad prohibendum dolorem quo impeditur facilis mo- tus. Sit fonticulus inter muscu- acupuncture, etc. 37 off except on the upper lip. To shear, clip close, or cut short. The hair to be clipped close to the skin. To keep the [hair of the] head clipped close. A razor. Of Issues, Setons, the Acupuncture, Sec. An issue. Let an issue be pro- duced by incision (by the lancet, by a ve- sicatory, by caustic, or by the cautery). Let an issue be made between [i. e. in the interstices of] the muscles of the arm; by the lancet or caustic. Let an issue be made between [i. e. in the interstices of] two muscles, to avoid pain, which would impede easy motion. Let an issue be made be- * Fonticulus, dim. offans. A little fountain. 4 38 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. tween the Sartorius and Vastus internus muscles (or between the heads of the Ga- strocnemius, or be- tween [i. e. in the in- terstice] of the Del- toid and Biceps mus- cles). A bandage for issues in the arm (thigh, or calf). A seton. A needle; an iron nee- dle. A seton needle. Let a seton be inserted in the nape of the neck. Let the skin at the back part of the neck be perforated by a proper needle carry- ing a skein of silk; the silk being left within the wound to excite a constant dis- charge of pus. When- ever the pus ceases to be discharged (or when the pus is defi- cient in quantity,) let the silk be anointed * From seta, a bristle, or horse-hair; because horsehairs were first used to keep open the wound. lum Sartorium et Vastum internum (Winter princi- piamusculi Gastrocnemii, vel interstitio * musculi Deltoidis et Bicipitis). Fascia pro fonticulis in bra- chio (ueZfemore, vel sura). Setaceum.* Acus ; acus ferrea, Cels. Acus pro setaceo. Inseratur setaceum nuchae capitis. Acuidonefi serici fasciculum ducente perforetur cutis colli posterioris partis, serico in vulnere relicto; ut fiat diuturna suppura- tio. Quoties pus effundi cessaverit (vel hac defi- ciente) illinatur sericum unguento Sabime. OF ISSUES, SETONS, THE Acus admovere, Cels. Acu 'apprehendere, 2tran- suere, 3trajicere, Cels. Cutem candentibus ferra- mentis exulcerare, Cels. Non, ut primum fieri potest, ulcera sanare, Cels. Turn, qua notae sunt, cutis acu filum ducente tran- suitur, ejusque fili capita inter se deligantur, quoti- dieque id movetur, donee circa foramina cicatriculae fiant, Cels. Eumque acu trajicere linum trahente, Cels, Ad imum acu trajecta duo lina ducente, Cels. Acupunctural VCUPUNCTURE, ETC. 39 with S a vine oint- ment. To apply a needle. To 'take hold of, 2sow i through, "traverse, j —with a needle. To make ulcers in the skin by hot irons [*'. e. by the actual cautery]. Not to heal the ulcers as soon as possible. i Then, where the marks are, the skin is pierced by a needle carrying a thread, j and the two ends of I this thread are tied together, and the thread is moved daily until small cicatrices are formed about the orifices. And to traverse it by a needle drawing a thread after it. Traversed at the bot- tom by a needle car- rying two threads. The acupuncture. Acupunctura, from acus, a needle, and pungo, I prick. 40 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Sect. 8.—De electricitate,* Of Electricity, Sec. Sec. 'Electricitas; 2aura electri- 'Electricity [the cause ca; 3fluida electrica; 4vir- of electrical pkenome- tus festucarum trahax. na] ; 2the electric [This last phrase occurs in aura ; 3the electric some Latin Dictionaries.] fluid ; 4the force at- tracting straws. 'Trahere in se (said by Pli- To &ttra,ct[electrically]; ny of the action on straws, Ho draw to or to- Src. of amber when rubbed); wards; 2to take sud- 2rapere ad se (said by the denly, to catch at. * Nearly all the words in this section are of modern ori- gin, and necessarily so; for, with a few exceptions, electri- cal phenomena are of modern discovery, and the language of the ancients is incompetent to express them. The Greeks and Romans were acquainted with the attractive power which amber acquired by being rubbed ; and, as theGreeks called amber rjXcKTpov, and the Latins, eleclrum, Dr.Gilbert (in his Traclatus de Magnele, Lond. 1600,) called all bodies which manifested a similar attractive power, electrics. The word electricity was soon after introduced to indicate the power which electrics thus evinced. It occurs in the wri- tings both of'Sir Thomas Browne {Inquiries into Vulgar and Common Errors, Lond. 1646) and the Hon. Robert Boyle {Experiments and Notes about the Mechanical Origin or Pro- duction of Electricity, 1676). It was used in a Latin form {electricitas) by Euler {Disquisitio de causa physica eleclrici- latis, Petropoli [1755]); by^Epinus (Tentamen theorm electri- cilatis et magnelismi, Petropoli [1751]); by Beccaria (Experi- menta atque observationes quibus electricitas vindex late con- slituitur atque explicatur, August® Taurinorum [1769]), and by many other writers of the last century. The word'e/fic- trisatio was employed in the last century by Bohadsch {Disserlalio de utilitate electrisationis in arte medica PraetB [1751]). ' B OF electricity, etc. 41 same author of the action of the Lyncurium [Tour- maline ?] on straws and metallic plates). 'Torpere; Horpescere; 3ob- 'To be numbed or be- torpere (Pliny uses all numbed; 2to grow these three verbs to signify torpid or benumbed ; the benumbing effect of the 3to grow numb. electric discharge of the Torpedo). Electrisatio ; electrificatio. Electrization (the act of electrifying). Electricitas positiva; nega- Electricity positive ; tiva. negative. Electricitas frictione (vitri, Electricity obtained by sulphuris, corporum resi- friction (of glass, sul- nosorum, Sfc.) obtenta. phur, resinous bodies, Sec.); friction elec- tricity. Machina electrica. An electric machine. Machina electrica cylindri- A cylindrical electrical ca ; cylindro vitreo in- machine ; made with structa ; domini Nairnei. a glass cylinder; Mr. Nairne's. Machina electrica discoi- A plate electrical ma- dea; disco vitreo polito chine made with a instructa; domini Cuth- polished glass plate bertsoni.* (disk) ; Mr. Cuth- bertson's. * When vegetable species are named after individuals, the rule of construction among botanists is this: if ihe indi- vidual is the discoverer of the plant or the describer of it, the specific name is then to be the genitive singular; as Caprifolium Douglasii, Carex Menziesii; Messrs. Douglas and Menzies have been the discoverers of these species. 4* 42 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 'The conductor (elec- trical) ; 2prime; im- perfect (for example, a moistened hempen thread); 4flexible (pli- ant) ; 5moveable. 'The director (electri- cal) ; pointed, (arti- culated); 3insulated; 4metallic with a glass handle and termi- nated by a ball. Lagena (seu phiala) Lugdu- The Leyden phial or nensis.* jar. 'Scabellum insulatum ; 2sel- 'The insulated stool; 'Conductor (electricus); 2pri- marius ; 3imperfectior (e. g. filum cannabinum madi- dum); 4flexilis ; 6mobilis. 'Director (electricus); 2arti- culatus ; 3insulatus; 4me- tallicus manubrio vitreo adfixus et in globum ter- minatus. la insulata. Electrometrum (domini La- nei). Acus metallica; lignea. Catena metallica (tenuis). 2the insulated chair. The electrometer (Mr. Lane's). A point, metallic, lig- neous (wooden). Metallic chain (slender or fine). But if the name is merely given in compliment, without reference to either of those circumstances, the name is then rendered in an adjective form, with the termination anus, a, um ; as Pinus Lambertiana, in compliment to Mr. Lambert. (See Lindley's Introduction to Botany.) The same rule may be conveniently extended to cases like those in the text, and instead, therefore, of calling respectively Mr. Nairne's and Mr. Cuthbertson's machines, machina electrica Nairniana, and machina electrica Cuthbertsonia, I have preferred to adopt the rule followed by botanists. * An electrical battery (a combination of Leyden jars so arranged that they may be charged or discharged at once as a single jar) is called by Gehler, " Suggestus,phialis Lei- densibuspluribus una explodentibus."—{Physikatisches Wi)r- lerbuch.) OF ELECTRICITY, ETC. 43 Netum* metallicum; filum Metallic wire. metallicum. Aura electrica. The electric aura. ■Scintilla electrica; 2scin- 'An electric spark; 2a tillula electrica ; 3pollices small electric spark; duo vel tres longitudine Equalling two or aequans. three inches in length. 'Ictusf electricus; 2commo- 'The electric shock ; tio electrica ; 3concussio 2electric commotion ; electrica; 4explosio elec- 3electric concus- trica. sion; 4electric explo- sion. FrictioJ electrica. Electric friction. Balneum^ electricum. The electric bath. Electricitate per scintillas To electrify [to affect [vel per ictus] afficere. or influence with elec- * From veo, to spin. t Ictus, a stroke or blow. Ictus fnlminus, Cicero, a stroke of lightning; ictus fulmineus, Horace, ihe lightning stroke. % Frictio electrica, Callisen. The term electric friction has been applied to a mode of electrifying which consists in drawing sparks from the patient through a piece of flannel (see Cavallo, Complete Treatise on Electricity, vol. ii. p. 136, 3d ed.) § The correct meaning of the word balneum will be ex- plained hereafter (See Sect. xi. De balneis). The term bal- neum electricum is used by Callisen and others. It is ap- plied to the simple communication established between an individual and the excited prime conductor of an electric machine, by means of a chain, or other metallic communi- cation. The individual is generally seated on an insulated stool {scabellum insiilatum). Rostan {Did. de Midecine), however, states that the individual may, or may not, be insulated. 44 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. tricity] by sparks [or by shocks]. Scintillas elicere, educere. To draw sparks (from the body). Scintillas admovere. To give (or communi- cate) sparks. Electricitas voltaica (galva- Voltaic (galvanic or nica vel animalis). Vol- animal) electricity. taismus; Galvanismus. Voltaism or Galvan- (Electricitas metallica ; ism. (Metallic elec- irritamentummetallicum.'.') tricity, i. e. electricity of metals, or the me- tallic incitor I.') Aura voltaica (vel galvani- Voltaic (or galvanic) ca). aura. Canalicus voltaicus (vel gal- Voltaic (or galvanic vanicus). trough). Columna voltaica. The voltaic pile. Machina electro-magnetica. An electro - magnetic machine. Electropunctura. The electro-puncture. 'Polus ; electrodus ;* 2polus 'The pole or electrode; positivus; cathodusjf 3po- 2the positive pole or * The term electrode, which has been latinized electrodus, was proposed by F'araday as a substitute for the word pole. It is derived from the Greek words tiXeKrpov and bios,away. The term is objectionable on ihe ground of its prior use in another sense. Hippocrates (p. 1135, ed. Fees.) uses the word ii\tKTp-j!)6rii from riXutrpov amber, and 6l&6$ {external ap- pearance) in the sense of amber-like, in reference lo the stools, which he describes as resembling amber in their ex- ternal appearance. The word electrodes also occurs in Callisen's Ltxicon Medicum (Lipsire, 1713), and is said to signify "succino similis." t Cathode, from icari, downwards, and Al6it a way; the way which the sun sets. OF ELECTRICITY, ETC. 45 lus negativus; anodus.* Excitetur commotio elec- trica per explosionem la- gense Lugdunensis. Administrare frictionem e- lectricam ad hominem in- sulatum cum conductore primario communican- tem. Eliciantur scintillae electri- cae, ex orbitis oculorum, temporibusque, per horae sextam partem, alternis diebus. Iterum aura electrica coxaB dolenti admoveatur. Fiant ictus electrici per re- gionem uteri. Auram galvanic am traji- cere, trahere, educere. 'Magnes, Pliny ; 2magnes lapis, Pliny ; magnes na- turalis; 3magnes artifici- alis; magnes arteparatus. * Anode from Sixo, upxoards, i which the sun rises. cathode; 3the nega- tive pole or anode. Let the electric com- motion (shock) be produced by the ex- plosion (i. e. dis- charge) of a Leyden phial. To administer electric friction to a patient insulated and in com- munication with the prime conductor. Let electric sparks be drawn from the or- bits of the eyes and the temples, for the sixth part of an hour, every other day. Again let the electric aura be applied to the painful hip. Let electric shocks be passed through the region of the uterus. To galvanize. 'A magnet; 2a load- stone ; a natural magnet ; 3an artifi- cial magnet. ind 6i6t, a way ; the way 46 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Polus septentrionalis, meri- Pole, northern, south- dionalis. ern. Magneticus, Claudianus: Magnetic (of, or belong- ing to, a magnet or Magnetes artificiales plures Magnetic collars, gir- contigui, juxta polos ini- - dies, bracelets (seve- micos dispositi, aut lin- ral artificial magnets teo seu serico obducti, with their opposite collaribus, cingulis, bra- poles in contact, co- chialibus inclusi. vered with linen or silk, and inclosed in collars, girdles, or bracelets). Laminae magneticae. Magnetic plates (mag- netised [steel] plates). Magnetismus, Magnetismus Magnetism. Mineral mineralis.* magnetism. Sect. 9.—De resolutione ven- Of Purging, §c. tris, Sec. Dejectiones ; f dejectiones The stools or excre- alvi; stercus ; alvus ; J ments ; ordure ; al- quod excernitur ; quod vine evacuations. * The term mineral magnetism has been absurdly used in order to distinguish magnetism from what is vulgarly termed animal magnetism. (See Der mineralische Magnetismus und seine Andwendung in der Heilkunst von C A Becker M.D., Muhlhausen, 1829.) t From de, downwards, and jacio, I cast. t Alvus, i. fcem. and sometimes masc. It signifies the belly, the bowels, and also the stools. OF PURGING, ETC. 47 descendit, Cels.—Sedes.* Fceces.-f Fimus et Fimum. •Alvus cita ; 2alvus soluta ; 3alvus fusa; 4alvus fluens; 5alvus liquida, Cels.— 6Alvus fluida.—7Resolutio alvi, Cels.—8Venter fu- sus;9venterliquidus,CELS. —10Ventris fluor, Cels. "Ventris resolutio, Cels. ,2Ventris fluxiones ; 13so- lutiones, Plin.—14Dejec- tiones crebrae.—^Cathar- sis. X—16Diarrhoea.—17Co- prophoria.g Dung or ordure of man, birds, cattle, &c. Frequent, loose, or li- quid stools.—Purg- ing; looseness. ('Bel- ly [or stools] quick- ly moved, 2loosened; 3relaxed; 4loose or flowing ; 5 liquid ; 6fluid ; T.ooseness of. —8Belly relaxed or loose ; 9liquid; l0flux of ; "looseness of ; 12alvineflux; 13alvine looseness ; — 14 fre - quent dejections ; l5purging ; 16loose- ness; "purgation). * Sedes means, literally, a seat; in an extended sense, the fundament. It is also applied to that which comes from the fundament, or, in other words, an evacuation.—Phar- maceutical Guide. t Faces, the nom. pi. from fax, axis, f. a noun wanting the gen. pi. " We meet with Faces vini, Faces aceti, &c. in classical authors, but nowhere Faces hominis; the word, in this sense, is altogether unnecessary and improper."— Hora Subseciva. X Catharsis is not found in Latin dictionaries. It is a Greek word {KaBapais, from Kadaipoi, purgo) adopted by Latin writers, and means a purging. It is thus declined : N. Catharsis. D. Calharsi. V. Calharsi. G. Catharseos. A. Catharsin. Ab. Calharsi. $ Coprophoria idem quod Purgatio, ex x&rrpos, stercus, et •bopico, fero, gesto.—Blancard, Lexic. Medicum. 48 TERMS used in prescriptions. •Alvus dura ; 2alvus sup- pressa ; 3alvus adstricta; 4alvus contracta ; 5alvus compressa, Cels.—6Alvus tenax ; 7alvus compacta ; 8alvus constipata. 9Venter astrictus; '"venter con- tractus ; "venter sup- pressus, Cels.—12Ubi non descendit alvus; ,3venter [vel alvus] nihil reddit, Cels. — '4 Obstipatio. — 15Constipatio alvi. Alvum 'solvere, 2movere, 3liquare, Cels. ; Hnollire, emollire, selicere, 6evacu- are, 7exinanire, Hrahere, 9purgare, »°ciere, Pliny ; "dejicere, Cato.—12Pur- gatione alvum solicitare, Cels.—Ventrem 13exina- nire, ,4mollire, l5liquare, 16 solvere, l7 resolvere, Cels. — '"Sedes promo- vere. Bound, constipated, or confined bowels (or ' belly). — Constipa - tion. ('Belly [or stools] hard ; Sup- pressed ; 3bound ; Contracted ; 6com - pressed or costive; 6retained; 7compact; Bconstipated. 9Belly bound; '"contracted; "suppressed; uwhen one does not go to stool; 13the belly produces nothing; "obstipation; 15con- stipation (of the belly). To act on, or open, or loosen the bowels.— To purge. ( 'To loosen; 2move; 3make liquid ; 4soften ; Eli- cit ; 6evacuate; 7emp- ty ; 8draw or lead ; 9purge ; ,0to move or provoke; "deject or cast down—belly or stools ; 'Ho solicit the belly [or stools] by purgation; ,3to empty; "to soften, 15makeliquid; I6loos- en; "unloosen the belly; 'Ho promote stools.) OF PURGING, ETC. 49 •Alvum ducere, subducere, Cels. — 2 Alvi ductio, Cels.—3Alvi duetione uti, Cels. Alvum 'astringere, 2compri- mere, 3contrahere, 4sup- primere, Cels. ; 5sistere, 6cohibere, Pliny.—7Ven- trem firmare, Cels. ■Quod solicitat (vel movet, vel purgat, &c.) alvum.— 2Purgans. —3Laxans. — 4Catharticum.*—5Hydra- gogum.f — 6Drasticum. J —7Eccoproticum.g Post alvi longam resolu- tionem, Cels. Frequens dejiciendi (vel de- sidendi) cupiditas, Cels. Post alvum exoneratam. Post singulas liquidas de- jectiones ;— post unam- quamque sedem mollem. 'To act on the bowels by clyster. — 2 The action on the bowels by clyster.—3To use clysters. To bind or astringe the bowels.—To consti- pate. 'To bind ; 2constipate ; Con- tract ; 4 suppress ; 5stop ; 6 restrain bowels or stools; 7to bind the belly. ^Anything which- opens the bowels.—2A pur- gative.—3A laxative. —4A cathartic.—5A hydragogue. — 6 A drastic.—7An ecco- protic. After long purging. Frequent desire to go to stool. After the bowel is un- loaded (». e. after an evacuation). After every loose stool (or liquid evacua- tion). * Kadapruca, from icaBaipo), to purge. t From 8<5r public bathing-places. Allreferred lobalhi artificially heated. "The cold bath nnd shower bath, therefore, and, in Pharmacy, the sand bath, water balh. &c, require a very different form of expression."—Hora Subsec. OF BATHS, FOMENTATIONS, ETC. 57 Balneum fervens (sen fervi- The hot, warm, and dum), calidum, tepidum.* tepid bath [artifi- cial]. Tepidarium, Cels. A tepid bath. Thermae.f Hot baths [natural]. Lavatio,4: Cels. — Lava- A washing or bathing. crum. A bath or washing place. Ablutio, Pliny. Ablution. 'In balneum ire ; 2ducere in 'To go into a bath; Ho balneum; 3uti balneo ca- take [him] into a lido ; in balneum mittere, bath ; Ho use the Cels. ; demittere in bal- warm bath; to put neum ; descendere in bal- [him] into a bath. neum. Elicere sudorem sicco ca- To procure sweat by lore, Cels.—Balneum sic- dry heat.—A dry cum.\ bath. * The temperature of the different kinds of bath is as follows:— Deg. Fan. 1. Very cold............from 33 to . . 50 2. Cold..................50 ..- ( 65 3. Cool..................65.. o \ 85 4. Tepid.................85 . . a ( 92 5. Warm.................92.....98 6. Hot..................98____the highest degree of heat the patient can bear, perhaps..........110 or 112 t Therma signifies baths of water naturally hot; balnea, baths made hot by fire. Hence the phrase balnea mineraUa is not correct. X Lavatio also signifies a bathing vessel. $ By the term balneum siccum, or dry bath, are meant, applications of dry heated substances (as hot air,sand, ashes, salt, &c.) lothe skin to promote sweating—But the terra balneum is inapplicable to such, since Celsus evidently 58 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. confines it to a water bath,—while under the head of" sic- cus color," he includes arena calida, the laconicum, and the clibanum (lib. ii. c. 17). The terms Sudatorium, Laconi- cum, and Clibanum, were applied to different kinds of dry baths. The Sudatorium was a sweating-house. The La- conicum was a hot and dry room at a bath, and in which sweat was excited; it was, in fact, a Sudatorium. Cliba- num was the name of a particular kind of oven among the Romans. As it is mentioned by Celsus, besides the Laco- nicum, or hot room at the bath, he probably intends by it a stove placed in a common room so as to heat it. In the baths of the Romans there were five apartments: the eleo- therium, the frigidarium, the tepidarium, the concamerata sudatio {calidarium or laconicum), and the balneum. BATHS OF THE ROMANS. From a painting found at the Tkermce of Titus (De Mont- faucon, VAnliqniti expliquee et representie en figures, torn. 3me, part 2nde, p 204. On the right is the eleotherium {d\enrrfjpiov) where the oils and perfumes are kept in vases: next to this is the fri- gidarium (dTTolvrripiov) or dressing-room; the third is the tepidarium ; the fourth is the sudatory (concamerata sudatio), OF BATHS, FOMENTATIONS, ETC. 59 Uti aquis frigidis, Cels.— To use the cold bath. Balneum frigidum* —A cold bath. Calidus vapor, Cels.—Bal- Hot vapour.—A vapour neum vaporis.f—Vapora- bath. rium. ■Semicupium ; excathisma ; 'The half-bath, or slip- encathisma ; insessio ; in- per bath.—2The hip- sessus.—2Coxaeluvium. — bath. — 3The foot- 'Pediluvium.—4Capitilu- bath.—4The head- vium.—5Manuluvium. bath. — 5The hand- bath. Multa calida aqua per caput To pour much hot se totum perfundere, turn water over his head tepida, deinde frigida, [so that it may run Cels. over all his body], then tepid, and, last- ly, cold water. Utar semicupio ad x. vel. Let the patient use the in which are seen the laconicum (so called from being first used in Laconia), a brazen furnace to heat the room, and persons sitting on the steps; the fifth is the balneum, with its huge basin {labrum) supplied by pipes communi- cating with three large bronze vases, called milliaria, from their capaciousness; the lower one contained hot, the upper one cold, and the middle one tepid water. The bathers returned back to the frigidarium, which sometimes con- tained a cold bath. The subterranean portion of the build- ing, where the fires were placed for heating the baths, was called hypocaustum.—The strigil {a in the above cut) was a scraper, or currycomb, used at baths to scrape the skin. —Celsus (lib. vi. cap. 7) uses the term to signify a tube, or syringe. * As the term " balneum" applies to a heated water bath, it is obvious that the phrase " balneum frigidum" is in- correct. t Equally improper is the phrase " balneum vaporis."— Celsus regards calidus vapor as one kind of" siccus color." 60 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. xij. minuta horae in aqua half-bath, made mo- adhuc calenti modice. derately warm, for ten or twelve mi- nutes. Pedes cruraque in aquam To bathe the feet and calidam demittere. legs in warm water. Perfusio corporis aqua ca- The affusion of the lida. body with warm wa- ter. Lavare egelida* aqua. To use tepid washing. Is per aestatem id bene lar- He ought daily, during go canali quotidie debet the summer, to hold aliquamdiu subjicere, his head for some Cels. time under a pretty strong stream [of water]. Admovere glaciem vel ni- To apply ice or snow. vem. Linteola in aqua frigida Linen dipped in cold madefacta, dein bene ex- water, and then well pressa, Cels. squeezed. Fomentum, Cels. ; fotus, A fomentation. Pliny ; fomentatio. Nares exculceratas fovere It is proper to foment oportet vapore aquae ca- the ulcerated nos- lidae, Cels. trils with the vapour of warm water. * Gelidus and egelidus agree in denoting objects not as in a state of heat, but differ in respect to the distance of each from that slate. The first term (from gelu, frost or ice) ap- plies to water that is either frozen or just at the freezing point. Egelidus differs from gelidus, in denoting a diminu- tion of the cold implied in the latter, or a step°in the pro- gress towards heat.—See Hill's Did. of Synonyms. Gerard {Thesaurus) defines the word egelidus, thus:—"Quod gelu araisit, et jam non est calidum neque frigidum, tepidum." OF DOSES, ETC. 61 Vaporare, suffire, Pliny. To foment with vapour. Detergere, Cels. ; abster- To cleanse or wipe. gere. 'Lavare, Cels. ; 2abluere, 'To bathe or wash; Ho Cic ; 3eluere, Cels. clean or cleanse ; Ho wash. 'Suffitus.—2Halitus.~3Inha- *Dry fumes or smoke. latio. —2Aqueous vapours. —3Inhalation or in- spiration. Inspiretur halitus aquae Let the vapour of chlo- chlorinii per apparatum rine water be inhaled aptum. by. means of a pro- per apparatus. Pulvinar ;* pulvinus ; vpot- A bolster or pillow for xKpdAsuov; v7roiitQa*.*ior. the head. Sect. 12.—De portionibus, Of Doses, Sec. Sec. Portio, Cels. Dosisf (JVo-if). A portion, allotment, or dose. * The pulvinar humuli, or hop-pillow, has been long em- ployed for producing sleep. Dr. Willis brought it into vogue, by prescribing it for George III. t "There is no sort of occasion in medical language for this word, the place of which may be always directly sup- plied by ' Ratio,' ' Modus,' 'Copia,' ' Pondus,' 'Mensura,' &c, or indirectly by uttering the phrase;—as, What is the dose? The dose is ten grains; In the samedose ; Too large a dose; Too small a dose, &c. 'Quantum, quot grana, guttse, &c. dantur?' 'Ad decern,' 'Tantundem, totidera grana, &c.' * Nimium,'' Parum,' &c."—Hora Subseciva. 62 TERMS used in PRESCRIPTIONS. Portionibus paribus ; aequis In equal proportions. portionibus, Cels. Portionibus exiguis ; mag- In small,large, divided, nis; divisis ; crebro ad- repeated doses. hibitis, repetitis, iteratis. 'Partitis vicibus,* 2ad tres 'At different times ; Ho alias vices." three other times. Dosi pedetentim crescente. Gradually increasing the dose. Cochlear, Cels. ; cochlea. A spoon. Cochleare; cochleare pie- A spoonful [when no num,f Cels. ;—Cochlea- qualification is added rium; % cochlearii men- to it, it is generally sura, Pliny. understood to mean " a table-spoonful"]. Cochleare parvulum; (vel A small, tea, or child's minimum ; vel infantis). spoonful [equal to one fluid drachm]. Cochleare modicum (vel me- A middling-sized des- dium ; vel mediocre). sert, or pap-spoonful [equal to two fluid drachms]. * Partitis vicibus is an idiomatical expression, implying "in different doses," or "at different times." Vicibus is the ablative plural ofvicis, and partitis the ablative plural oiparlilus, ihe participle of partior. T Cochleare, and (per apocopen) cochlear, aris, n. signifies a spoon, a measure, and a spoonful. As a Roman measure of capacity it is said (Littleton's Latin Dictionary) to have been equal to the ligula, that is, one-fourth part of the cyathus, and consequently the one-forty-eighth part of the English wine pint, or one-third of the fluid ounce. X Cochlearium, rii n. signifies a measure of liquids, a spoonful, &c. As a Roman measure of liquids, it is said to have been the one-twelfth part of the cyathus, and, there- fore, the one-third of the cochleare. OF DOSES, ETC. 63 Cochleare magnum (vel lar- A large or table-spoon- gum; vel amplum). ful [equal to four fluid drachms, or half a fluid ounce]. Cochleatim. Spoonful by spoonful. 'Cyathus ;* 2cyathus vina- 'A drinking cup [gene- rius; 3cyathus magnus. rally understood to mean a ivine-glass] ; 2a wine-glass; 3a tumbler. Poculum.f A cup [generally under- stood to mean a tea- cup]. Duo aut tria cochlearia uno It is sufficient to have die sumpsisse, satis est, taken two or three Cels. spoonfulsj in one day. * Cyathus (from Kvadog) was a sort of vessel used by the Romans to measure the wine and water that were poured into cups. It was equal to four ligula. Dr. Grieve (trans- lation of Celsus) stales that it was equal to the one-twelfth part of the English wine pint. Il was also used to indicate anything to drink out of. Cantharus (from Kavdapo;) was a sort of cup, somewhat larger than the cyathus, and hav- ing a handle; in other words, a kind of tankard. Scyphus (from aicvcpos) was a kind of bowl, without either foot or handle, used in ancient times to drink out of. Cupa was a cup or drinking vessel used in taverns or other drinking- houses. t Poculum, a drinking-cup. It was also said of the liquor itself. X Sometimes very erroneously written spoonsj ul—>poon- ful, like mouthful, &c, is an individual compound noun; its plural being spoonfuls. Although the word spoonsful is not English, yet it is remarkable how frequently it is writ- ten by ignorant persons. On the same ground that " spoons- ful" is used as the supposed plural for "spoonful, we 64 TERMS used in PRESCRIPTIONS. •Cochlearis ; 2cochlearis mensura, Pliny. 'Magnitudo ; 2amplitudo ; 3moles; 4quantitas.* •Ad nucis juglandis magni- tudinem; 2quod fabae mag- nitudinem habet, Cels.— 'Magnitudo nucis avel- lanae, Scrib. Largus ; ♦magnitudo castaneee ; Hnagnitudo fabse equinae. Moles nucis moschatae. Instarf juglandis. •Quantum satis est [veZsit]; 2quantum res patitur; 'quantum fieri potest; 4quantum tribus digitis comprehendi potest ; Bquantum volet; 6quan- tum vires patiuntur ; 7quantum juvat; 8vino uti quantum libebit, Cels. •Of, or pertaining to, a spoonful; 2a spoon- ful. •Magnitude ; Ampli- tude ; 3mass; 4quan- ! tity. 'To the size of a wal- nut ; Hhat which has the size of a bean.— 3The size of a filbert- nut; Hhe size of a chestnut; Hhe size of a horse-bean. The size of a nutmeg. The size of a walnut. 'As much as is suffi- cient; 2as much as circumstances will allow; 3as much as can be done, or as far as possible ; 4aa much as can be held by three fingers; 6aa much as he will; 6aa much as the strength ought to have " moulhsful," " belliesful," " spoonsmeat," &c, instead of " mouthfuls," " bellyfuls," " spoonmeats," Sic. * Magnitudo is said of any sort of greatness. Amplitudo is said of extent. Moles indicates anything huge and vast. Quantitas is a term of relative import, and, when qualified by some adjunct, may signify much or little. t Instar is usually denominated an indeclinable noun; but Dumesnil {Latin Synon. by the Rev. J. M.Cosset) calls it a preposition requiring the genitive case. " Ad instar is not found in the best Latin authors." OF DOSES, ETC. 65 permits ; 7as much as, or as long as, it is agreeable ;yHo take as much wine as he pleases. Quantum cuspide (vel apice) As much as can be cultri capi potest. taken on the point of a knife. 'Quantum sufficit (vel suffi- •As much as may be ciat); 2quantumconvenit; sufficient; 2as much 3quantum velis ; quantum as is convenient or lubet; 4quantum sitis exi- suitable ; 3as much gat. as you please; 4as much as the thirst may require. Pugillus. A pinch (i. e. as much as may be contained between the thumb and two fingers: about from 3ss. to 3j). Manipulus, Cels. A handful. Sumere ; capere. Cels. To take (generally). Devorare, Cels.; deglutire.* To take (in a solid form, as a powder or pill). Bibere ; sorbere; potare, To take (as a draught); Cels. ; haurire. to drink. Delingere, Cels. ; lambere; To take (as an electu- sub linguam liquare. ary). Manducare ; mandere, To take (as a mastica- Cels. ; masticare. tory); to chew. Dare ; adhibere ; exhibere, To give or administer. Cels. ; administrare. * Glutio (but not deglutio) is found in the smaller Latin dictionaries; in larger ones we find deglutio, vox medicis familiaris, I swallow down.—Pharmaceutical Guide. J 6* 66 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. In alvum ex parte inferiore To administer by the dare ; in alvum ex parti- rectum (as an injec- bus inferioribus indere Hon or clyster). (vel immittere, seu infun- dere), Cels. Suffumigare, Cels. ; fumi- To fumigate. gare. Gargarizare, Cels. To gargle. Sect. 13.—De Tempore. Of Time. Mensis, Cels.—Septimana; A month.—A week. hebdomada ; hebdomas; hebdoma. Dies ; lux. Cels. A day. Hodie ; hodierno die. To-day. Heri; hesterno die. Yesterday. Cras ; crastino die. To-morrow. Postero die, Cels. The day after. Nudius tertius.* The day before yester- day ; three days ago. Primo die, Cels. The first day. Perendie ; perendino die. The next day after to- morrow. Proximis diebus, Cels. The following days. Proxima luce. The day before. Quotidianus, Cels. ; indies; Daily, or every day. quotidie, Cels. ; omni die. Alternis diebus, Cels. Al- Every other day. * This phrase is derived from nunc dies est tertius. We have also nudius quartus, four days ago; nudius quinlus, five days ago, &c. OF TIME. 67 terna (vel secunda) die quaque. Tertiis diebus. Every third day. 'Biduum, Cels. ; Hriduum, •Two days ; Hhree Cels. ; 3quatriduum. days; Hour days. De die in diem. From day to day. Mane, Cels. ;* aurora; tem- Morning. pore matutino ; hora ma- tutina. Diluculd ; multo mane ; pri- Early in the morning; mo mane ; prima luce, at daylight. Cels. ; summo mane. Crastino mane. To-morrow morning. Tempus antemeridianum. Forenoon. Meridies, Cels. Noon. Pomeridies. Afternoon. Vesper, Cels. ; vespertina, Evening. vespere appropinquante. Nox, Cels. ; sero. Night. Hac nocte ; nocturnus. To-night; nightly. Nycthemerum.f Night and day. Hesterna nocte. Last night. •Hora somni; 2hora decubi- 'The hour of sleeping ; tus ; dormiturus, Cels. ; 2at bed-time. cubitum iturus; ubi it cubitum. Jentaculum. Breakfast. Prandium, Cels. Dinner. Ccena, Cels. ; tempore coe- Supper; supper-time. nandi. Hora. An hour. * Mane is a triptote, having only three cases—the nom. ace. and abl. sing.; in all of which it is mane, except the ablative, in which mani is sometimes found. t From vv%, nox, and nuipa, dies. 68 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Tota hora, Cels. In horas; singulis horis ; omni hora. Per horam integram. Sesquihoris. Alterna hora; secunda hora ; bihorio ; horis in- termediis. Trihorio ; omni tertia, hora.. Quadrihorio. Semihora, Cels. ; semihorio. Omni quadrante horse. Horis consuetis. 'Statim ; 2illico ; 3protinus; 4extempl6 ; 5jam ; 6jam- jam; 7quamprimum. A whole hour. Hourly; every hour. During an hour. An hour and a half. Every other hour. Every third hour. Every fourth hour. A half-hour; every half-hour. Every quarter of an hour. At the accustomed hours. Immediately ('on the spot, without leaving the place; 2in that very place, forth- with ; 3at the first, instantly ; '•immedi- ately [custom has given extempl6 this meaning : originally it related to auguries]; 5already, even now, immediately [repeat- ed before every mem- ber of a sentence, jam signifies " some - times"] ; Horthwith [jamjam denotes more celerity than jam]; 7very shortly). OF TIME. 69 •Pro re nata ;* 2prout res 'Occasionally; 2accord- poscit; 3prout res pos- ing as circumstances tulet. ■ . may require; Ac- cording as circum- stances may demand. 'Subinde ; 2interdum; ali- 'Now and then; upon quando ; 3identidem ; 4de which 2sometimes ; tempore in tempus. 3now and then; ever and anon ; 4from time to time. •Iterum ; 2rursus vel rur- 'Again, the second sum; 3denuo quasi de time; 2once more, novo. another time; 3anew, afresh. Novissime. The newest; the last. Nuper, Cels. Lately. Nuperrime. Very lately. Perpetuus.* Perpetual, everlasting. * Pro re nata is an idiomatical expression; it signifies "according as circumstances arise;" that is, " occasionally." —Pharmaceutical Guide. " A prescription was sent by an accoucheur for the usual medicines for a lady after her delivery. The child was dead. In addition, there was also a prescription for some sort of embrocation for her breasts; the affected parts to be rubbed with the same pro re nata (occasionally). Thecom- pounder knew very well that pro was 'for,' but not being quite satisfied about re, goes to his dictionary, and there finds res, a thing; then turns to nata and findsnatus, a, um, 'born;' now, then, he has it right—' For the little thing born ;' but deeming 'Utile thing' as too familiar, he, wishing to show all due respect to his master's patient, wrote on the label, ' The little infant newly born to be well rubbed with this embrocation.' "—Chamberlain's Tyrocinium. * The pilula perpelua, or everlasting pill, was composed of metallic antimony, which was believed to have the properly of purging as often as it was swallowed. This 70 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Sect. 14.—De corporis Of the Parts of the partibus. , Body. Calvaria ; cranium. The skull. A summo capite; a vertice, At the top of the head. Cels. Occipitium. The back part of the head. Frons. The forehead. Guttur, Cels. ; (jugulum, The neck (forepart). Cels. ; vel jugulus) ;* larynx. Cervix; cervices,-}- Cels.; The neck (back part). Nucha. J was economy in right earnest, for a single pill would serve a whole family during lives, and might be transmitted as an heirloom to their posterity. We have heard of a lady who, having swallowed one of these pills, became seriously alarmed at its not passing; " Madam," said her physician, " fear not; it has already passed through a hundred patients without difficulty."—(Paris's Pharmacologia, p. 501, 9th edit. 1843.) * Jugulum (vel Jugulus) signifies the fore part of the throat. Guttur is more general than Jugulum, and denotes both the outside and the inside of the throat. It is said to come from Gutta, because whatever liquor is drank passes through it drop by drop. Larynx indicates the upper and anterior part of the neck; Jugulus ralher the lower and anterior part. + Cervices is elegantly used for Cervix. " Abscindere cervicibus caput."—Cicero. " To cut off the head from the shoulders." The same author also uses Cervix, " Im- pendet cervici gladius." X Nucha is from the Arabic, and signifies medulla spina- lis, and emphatically its origin and commencement, to which part of lhe organ the term is applied, in the techni- cal language of the day.—Good's Nosology. OF THE PARTS OF THE BODY. 71 Collum, Cels. The neck (whole). Nucha capitis. The nape of the neck. 'Nasus ; 2naris, nares,* 'The nose; Hhe nos- Cels. tril, the nostrils. Ex medio naso imisve na- From the middle of the rium partibus, Cels. nose, or the lower parts of the nostrils. •Labrum, Cels. ; labium ; 'A lip ; Hwo lips. Habra duo, labia duo. Ex angulis labrorum, Cels. From the angles of the lips. Os, oris, Cels. ; stoma The mouth. (vretAcL). Gingiva; gingivae, Cels. The gum ; the gums. Tonsilla, Cels. The tonsil. 'Auris ; 2auricula, Cels. ; 'The ear; Hhe auricle; 3pinna.f Hhe pinna. Auricularum dolores, Cels. The ear-ache. •Ex imis auribus; 2summis 'From the lower parts auribus, Cels. of the ears; 2in the upper parts of the ears. Post aurem, Cels. Behind the ear. In aurem instillari, Cels. To be dropped into the ear. Aurem infundere aliquod It is proper to pour medicamentum oportet, some medicine into Cels. the ear. * Naresis by far a more general and elegant term in me- dicine than nasus. which is confined lo the mere external feature {Hora Subseciva). t Auris signifies the ear generally; auricula the Hap ol the ear with the auditory lube; pinna the flap of the ear only. 72 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Gena; bucca, Cels. ; mala,* The cheek Cels. Aspera arteria; trachea. Bronchus; bronchium; bron chia; bronchius.f Gula; pharynx; oesophagus Uva, Cels. ; uvula. The windpipe. The bronchial tube. 'Humerus, Cels. ; 3os hu- meri. Clavicula; os jugulare ; ju- gulum. •Scapula, Cels. ; 2os scapu- larum. Ala, Cels. ; axilla, Cels. Brachium, Cels. Cubitus, J Cels. Ancon ; caput cubiti. Carpus. Palma, Cels. ; vola. Metacarpium. 'Digitus, Cels. ; 2pollex, Cels. Binig digiti. * Mala is generic, and expresses the cheek (the external and fleshy part) and the cheek-bone. Gena differs from Mala in referring only lo the external part of the face. Bucca refers to the same part of the face with Gena, but regards it as capable of collapsing and being inflated at dif- ferent times. t The two latter words, and their plurals, are very gene- rally and improperly used. The Latin terms are derived from the Greek words 0p6yxos and 0p6yK'ov, which can only make " bronchus" and " bronchium."—Hora Subseciva. X Cubitus us, signifies also a lying down ; a bed or couch a nest. $ In speaking of the numbers of things of which there are The gullet. The uvula. •The shoulder (gene- rally); Hhe arm bone. The clavicle or collar bone. •The shoulder (back part); Hhe shoulder blade. The armpit. The upper arm. The forearm. The elbow. The wrist. The palm of the hand. The back of the hand. 'The finger ; 2the thumb. Two fingers. OF THE PARTS OF THE BODY. 73 Thorax, Cels. The chest;* (the "ca- vity"). Sternum ; os pectoris, Cels. The breast-bone. Spina dorsi. The "back-bone." Tergum, Cels. ; dorsum. The back. Abdomen,f Cels. The belly (externally). Venter; alvus, Cels. The belly (internally). Latus (lateris), Cels.; Virg.; The side (below the ax- Horace. ilia). Dolor laterum, Horace. Pains of the sides. In latus aut dextrum aut Either upon his right sinistrum, Cels. or left side. Latus dolet, Cels. The side is in pain. 'Praecordia, Cels. ; scrobi- 'The pit of the sto- two or more sets, it is much less elegant to use simple nu- merals than the distributives. Thus we should say with propriety:" Seni deni denies" {sixteen tee///);"Quini digiti" {five fingers); but not " Bina labra," {two lips); or " Bini oculi" {two eyes); which, if not unclassical, is at least poeti- cal (Hora Subseriva).—Bina is only used with a substan- tive in the plural number. Cicero found fault with his son for having said duas literas, because litera, used in the sense of " epislola," is always put in the plural. We say binas literas, and duas epistolas. * An Irishman applied at a dispensary for relief. He was suffering from bronchitis, and was ordered to put a blister on his chest. On the next day of attendance, Pat, in reply to a question, stated that the blister had not drawn. "How long did you keep it applied?" Ans. "It is on now." " Let me look at it." Ans. " I can't; it s at home." On further inquiry, it appeared that he had fulfilled the directions given to him by applying the blister to his tool- chest!! (A fact.) t From abdo, to hide, because it hides the viscera. "Ab- domen," is very improperly used, although by reputedly good authors, to signify the cavity of the belly; it is evident, from its etymology as well as from its employment, that it should be confined to the parieles (Horce Subseciva). 7 74 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. cuius cordis; epigastrium; 2hypochondrium dextrum, sinistrum ; 3umbilicus ; 4hypogastrium; Humbus, lumbi; 6ilia.* Jecur, Cels. ; hepar.f Fel; bilis. Lien; splen, Cels. Ren, Cels. mach ; Hhe hypo- chondrium right, left; 3navel; Hhe hypogas- trium; Hhe loin, the loins; Hhe flanks. The liver. Bile. The spleen. The kidney. * The abdomen is divided by anatomists into three zones or regions .- 1. The epigastric, 2. The umbilical, 3. The hypogastric. Hach zone is subdivided into three minor regions; the epi- gastric into the scrobiculus cordis or epigastrium, and the two hypochondriac regions; the umbilical into the umbili- cus, and the two lumbar regions; and the hypogastric into the hypogastrium or pubic portion, and the two iliac re- gions or flanks at the sides. The relative positions of this are shown by the following diagram. right . left hypochondrium epigastrium hypochondrium right lumbar region umbilicus left lumbar region right iliac region hypogastrium left iliac region. t The Latin tongue has two distinct terms to express the organ of the liver, hepar and jecur. The first is easily re- ferred to the Greek Iprap; for the second, the critics have scarcely a guess to offer. It is, in fact, a Persian term {jekur), which has been copied into the Turkish as well as into the Latin; in the former being pronounced jegur.__ Good's Nosology. OF THE SIGNS OF DISEASES. 75 Inguen, Cels. The groin. Lumbus, Cels. The loins. Loci. The female genitals. Vulva seu uterus; 03 vulvae. The womb ; the mouth of the womb. Canalis vulvae. The vagina. Coxa, Cels. ; coxendix ; os The hip; the hip-bone. coxarum. •Femur; 2crus, Cels. 'The thigh ; Hhe leg. •Genu; 2poples, Cels. 'The knee ; Hhe ham. Patella, Cels.; mola; rotula. The kneepan. Sura, Cels. The calf. •Mons pedis; 2malleolus, 'The instep ; Hhe an- Cels. ; vel talus, Cels. ; kle ; Hhe heel. 8calx. Planta pedis, Cels. The sole of the foot. Digiti pedis, Cels. The toes. Sect. 15.—De sigms mor- borum. Tussi ingravescente. Perstante ardore urinae. Of the Signs of Diseases. The cough increasing. The heat in making water continuing. The rheumatic pain being troublesome. During the bloody flux. The stomach being empty. If the cough shall have increased. If the watchings should be troublesome. Dolore rheumatico tor- quente. Durante fluxu cruento. Ventriculo jejuno ; storna- cho vacuo. Si tussis increbuerit; si tussis accreverit. Si vigiliae anxerint. 76 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Si pervigilium* superve- If intense watching nerit. should come on. Si malum arthriticum redin- If the arthritic (gouty) tegraverit. pain should be re- newed. Si non dormiat; sinonsom- If the patient do not num capiat. sleep. Si maxime augeat dyspnoea If difficulty of breath- aut tussis. ing, or cough, should be very troublesome. Si conqueritur dolorem.f If the patient com- plains of pain. Si tenesmus iterum redierit. If tenesmus should again return. Si vires sinunt, Cels. If the strength permit. Si febris adest, Cels. If the fever be present. Si per haec dolor non fini- If the pain be not al- tur, Cels. layed by these means. Ubi vigilia torsit, Cels. When want of sleep distresses. Cum nocturna vigilia premi- When he is troubled tur, Cels. with night watching. Si malum urgeat. If the pain should be urgent. Si sitis urget; si sitis est; If the patient be si sitis vexat, Cels. ; si thirsty. sitiat. * Pervigilium is frequently translated "a watching;" in which sense it would be synonymous with vigilia. It sig- nifien, however, great or intense watching; or, as Gesner {Thesaurus) expresses it, •' Multa Vigilia." t It is much less usual, and therelbre less proper, to use those words with a preposition and ablative case, than with the accusaiive: thus, " Conqueritur dolorem," is preferable to " de dolore," &c. (Hora Subseciva.) OF THE SIGNS OF DISEASES. 77 Si spasmus ventriculi aderit. If the spasm of the sto- mach be present. Si minetur morbus. If the disease threaten. Urgente dolore vel tussi. The pain or cough being troublesome. Digitis cedere foveolamque To pit on pressure. accipere. Dentium stridor; dentibus Grinding of the teeth; frendere. to grind the teeth. Cibi fastidium ; (anorexia Want of appetite. seu inappetentia). Cibi aviditas (bulimia). Too great appetite. Molestante languore aut The languor or flatu- flatulentia. lence being trouble- some. 'Febre aggrediente; 2febre 'When the fever is com- absente; Hebre durante ing on; 2when the (veZadstante; vel astante); fever is absent; 3du- durante febris exacerba- ring the fever. tione.* Donee afficiantur gingivae. Until the gums are affected. Donee gingivae intumescant. Until the gums become swollen. Donee ptyalismusf (seu cur- Until ptyalism is pro- sus salivae adauctus, seu duced. * The interval between the paroxysms of an intermitting fever was termed by the Greeks apyrexy (dirvptUa), by the Latins intermission (intermissio). If; however, the interval were only a remission instead of a perfect intermission, the return of the hot fit was denominated exacerbation (exacer- batio). Dr. Mason Good uses the term to signify the pa- roxysm of a disease, whose intervals are merely imperfect, or remission is the strict meaning of paroxysm when lite- rally rendered. t Ptyalismus, irrvcXiapis, or TrruaXio-fidj, from irriiaj, exspuo, ixscreo. 7* 78 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. fluxus salivae adauctus) eifiRtur Donee abierit spasmus. Until the spasm shall have removed. Donee dolor exulaverit. Until the pain shall have removed. Donee evanescant sympto- Until the symptoms mata. disappear. Donee pustulas excitet, Until it excites pus- Cels. tules. Donee dolor mitescat. Until the pain miti- gates. Donee somnus obrepat. Until sleep come on. _ Donee aeger convalescat. Until the patient is well. Donee singultus et nisus ad Until the hiccup and vomitum cessaverint. attempts to vomit shall have ceased. Donee altera accessio acce- Until another accession dat, Cels.* accedes or comes on. * The term Accession {accessio or accessus) was employed by the Latin writers in a sense precisely parallel with the Greek word paroxysm (napoj-vcuds), and either embraced the cold or hot stages of a febrile seizure, the only stages into which such seizure was divided ; the declination (de- clinalio) not being accounted a part of the paroxysm. Hence paroxysm is a term not to be found in Celsus, who uniformly employs accessio in its stead. Among recent writers, however, and perhaps generally in the present day, while the term paroxysm is applied not merely to fever fits, but to fits of every violent and inter- mitting disorder whatever, the term accession is limited to the commencement or onset of a fit, its insullus, as denomi- nated by the Latin writers; and hence Dr. Cullen (First Lines, chap. 3, sect, lvi.) speaks of the " accession of pa- roxysms," a phraseology which would be nonsense upon the original meaning of the terms; while Dr. T urton, with OF THE POWERS AND USES OF REMEDIES. 79 Pro casus exigentia; pro According to the ur- rei exigentia. gency of the case. Dum vires corporis sinunt, As long as the strength Cels. permits. Ubi dolor urget, Cels. When the pain is vio- lent. Dum febris absit, Cels. When the fever is ab- i; sent. Sect. 16.—De viribus et usu Of the Powers and Uses remediorum, Sec. of Remedies. Sanare; ad sanitatem per- To cure. ducere, Cels. Morbum curtare; ad mor- To shorten the disease. bum curtandum. evident indecision upon the subject, defines accessio, in his Glossary," the beginning or paroxysm of an intermitting fever" (allowing the reader to take which sense he will); and paroxysmus, " an access, fit, or exacerbation of a dis- ease ;" giving still greater latitude, as well in respect to the genus, as the stage of the morbid affection. The "acces- sion of paroxysms" of Cullen is, in the language of the Latin translators of Galen, " incremenla accessionum"—Gal. de Differ. Feb. lib. 2, cap. iv. In some cases (as in his defini- tion of hectic fever), however, Cullen seems to employ the term " accession" as synonymous with paroxysm. Notwith- standing the general appropriation of the word accession among the Latin writers to the whole duration of a fever fit, or what is now called a paroxysm, its radical idea im- ports simply "advance, .approach, entrance, avenue ;" and in this meaning Celsus himself is perpetually using the term in its verbal form, and occasionally indeed in connex- ion with accessio in its technical signification, as "donee altera accessio accedat." Dr. Mason Good uses the term to signify the commencement or onset of an exacerbation of any kind.—(See his Nosology.) 80 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Ad recidivum praecaven- dum. Recidivum timere, Cels. Dolorum lenire, Cels. (vel sedare, vel tollere). Somnum molire, movere, Cels. (facere, vel affere, vel conciliare). Efficere ut quiescat; ad quietem conciliandem. In lecto collocare, Cels. Urinam excitare. Menstrua evocare. Ad acorem compescendum. Acorem, ardoremque corri- gere. Ad gustum conciliandum. Gratum saporem reddere. Ad fcetorem obstandum. Caput sublime habere, Cels. Os fumigare. Valetudinarium et vesti- menta fumigare. Inhalare vapores aquae te- pidse (vel calidse). ' Vaporem calidum ore reci- pere, Cels. To prevent a relapse. To apprehend or fear a relapse. To allay (or relieve) pain. To produce sleep. To keep quiet. To place in bed. To increase the flow of urine. To promote the men- ses. To moderate the aci- dity. To correct the acidity and heat (of the sto- mach). To please the palate. To an agreeable taste. To prevent fetor. To raise the head. To fumigate the mouth. To fumigate the sick- room and the cloth- ing. To inhale the vapour of tepid (warm) wa- ter. To receive warm va- pour into the mouth. OF FOOD, ETC. 81 Putredini occurrere. Spasmos discutere (vel de- pellere). Vermes (spiritum flatum); dejicere (vel expellere, vel elidere, &c.) Vermes 'protrahere ;—2ene- care;—Educere, Cels. Ad calculos valere, praes- tare, &c. Adurere, Cels., &c. Rodere, exedere, Cels., &c. Sect. 17.—De cibo, Sec. •Cibus ; 2alimentum ; 3esca, Cels. •Victus, Cels.; diaeta.—2Re- gimen. Cibus 'plenus (plenior); 2va- lentissimus; 3uberior; 4ro- bustior, Cels. Diaeta 'carnis, 2jusculi, 3lac- tis, 4simplex. Cibus mediocris, Cels. Cibus 'tenuis, 2simplex, 3mollis,4calidus, 6exiguus, Hevis, Cels. Alimentum liberalis, Cels. To obviate putres- cency. To remove spasm. To expel worms, (wind, &c.) 'To extract, Ho de- stroy, Ho take out worms. To act on calculi. To cauterize. To corrode. Of Food, S$c. •Food (any kind); 2ali- ment or nourish- ment ; 3eatable food. 'Diet (course of food). —2Regimen. Food 'plenteous [i. e. full diet] 2very nou- rishing ; 3more abun- dant; 4stronger. Diet ' meat, 2 soup, 3milk, 4simple. Food moderate. Food 'light, 2simple, 3soft, 4warm, 5small in quantity, 6light. Nourishment ample [i. 82 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. e. a liberal allowance of]- Portio liberalis, Cels. Drink ample [i. e. a liberal allowance of]. Cum debito regimine. With appropriate re- gimen. 'Hordeum, Cels. ; Harina •Barley; 2barley-meal; hordei seu hordeacea, 3Scotch, hulled, or Cels. ; 3hordeum munda- pot barley; 4pearl turn ; 4hordeum perlatum. barley. — 6 Malt ; —5Maltum, byne (/2i/v»), 6wort, or sweet wort, brasium; 6infusum bynes, 7barley water. brasii seu malti; 7decoc- tum hordei vel aqua hor- deata. 'Avena ; Harina avenae ; 'Oats; 2oatmeal; 8de- 3avena excorticata seu corticated oats or grutum;4decoctum avenae. groats; 4water gruel. •Triticum, Cels. ; Harina • Wheat ; 2 wheaten tritici, Cels. ; 3amylum* flour ; 3 wheaten tritici; 4furfur, Cels. starch ; 4bran. 'Secale ; 2secale cornutum 'Rye ; 2spurred rye or vel ergota. ergot. Oryza, Cels. Rice. 'Panis, Cels.—2Panis fer- 'Bread. — 2Bread fer- mentatus; 3sine fermento, mented or leavened; Cels.—4Panis bis coctus, Hinfermented or un- Cels. ; panis iterum coe- leavened, f — 4 Bis- tus, Pliny.—5Panis nau- cuit. — 6 Ship-bread ticus, Pliny.—6Panis tos- or sea-biscuit. — tus ; 7panis ustus ; 8panis 6Toasted bread ;— * Amylum, from a, not, and uv\rj, a mill, because it is made without the aid of a mill. t Dodson's patent unfermented bread is a well-known example of this kind of bread. OF FOOD, ETC. 83 aridus, Cels.—interior pars panis, Cels. ; mica panis. — 10Crusta panis, Pliny. — "Panis hester- nus, Cels.—12Panis hor- deaceus, Cels. ; 13panis secalinus; 14panis triti- ceus.—15Panis candidus, Cels. ; 16panis furfura- ceus. Jus, Cels. ; jusculum. 'Jus anserinum, Cels.—2Jus ovillum, Cels. ; jus ver- vecinum.—3Jus bovillum; jus bovinum.—4Jus vituli- num, Cels. ; jus vituli, Pliny.—5Jus pulli galli- nacei, Cels. ; jus gallina- ceum, Pliny ; jus pulli- num. — 6Jus testudinis concentratum. — Juscu- lum avsnaceum. 'Puis, Pliny.—2Pulticula, Cels. Polenta, Pliny. 'Lac muliebre, Cels. ; lac humanum [vel mulierum, * The polenta of the ancients was barley bread dried at the fire, and fried after it has lain soaking in water one night. The substance sold in the London shops, under the name of polenta, is the meal of Indian corn (Zea Mays). The Italians apply the name polenta to a kind of pudding made with Indian corn. The word polenta is derived from pollen, inis, fine flour. 7burnt bread;—8dry bread ;—9Crumb of bread. — '"Crust of bread. — " Yester- day's bread.—12Bar- ley bread ; '3 rye bread ; '4 wheaten bread. — 15 White bread ; 16brown or bran bread. Broth. 'Goose broth. — 2Mut- ton broth. — sBeef tea.—4Veal broth.— 5Chicken broth. — 6Turtle soup. — 7Gruel. 'A kind of thick por- ridge, pap.—2Thin porridge. Polenta.* •Woman's milk ; hu- man milk. 2Ass's 84 TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Pliny],—2Lac asininum, Cels. ; lac ex asinis, Pli- ny ; lac asellae.*—3Lac bubulum, Cels. ; lac vac- cinum, Pliny.—4Lac ca- prinum, Cels. ; lac capra- rum, Pliny.—5Lac, ovil- lum, Cels. ; lac ovium, Pliny. — 6Lac equinum, Pliny. In lacte exhibendum.f •Flos lactis; cremor lactis. —2Butyrum.—3Lac Buty- ratum.—4Serum lactis.— 6Serum lactis vinosum.— 6Serum lactis tartariza- milk. 3Cow's milk. 4Goat's milk. 6Ewe's milk. 6Mare's milk. To be administered in milk. 'Cream. — 2Butter. — 3 Butter - milk. — 4 Whey. — *Wine whey. — 6Cream of tartar whey.—7Alum * Asella is a little she-ass.—Asellus signifies a liltle or young ass. This word has also been extended to fishes, as the Cod (Morrhua vulgaris), which have the colour of the ass. At least, Varro, in speaking of fishes named from their colour, mentions the Asellus or Cod, as deriving its name from this circumstance. Those, therefore, who trust to a dictionary might not be able to tell whether oleum jecoris aseUi meant the oil of a cod's liver, or the oil of the liver of an ass. In 1839 ihe latter translation was actually adopted by a writer in a medical journal, who gravely informed his readers that the Germans had been using oil of asses' livers for fifteen years! Millepedes {Armadillo officinarum) have been denominated aselli on account of their colour being that of an ass. Dioscorides calls them ov0l or asses, Others have termed them onisci (dei'f no nts of Chemistry, p. 161-."). J Phil. Trans, lor 1839, p. 89, and for 1840, p. 209. j Turner's Elements o/ Chemistry,1iU Kdition, 1810. || Elements of Chemistry, 1841. NOMENCLATURE USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 95 ( NitraloxideofPotas- Nitre........Potassae Witras . .\n*ia?} <«ra/i™>; lOxynnrion of rotas- *- sium (Daniell). Fiber.......iEther Sulphuri- OxideofEihule(/.ze- cus........ big). Alcohol......Alcohol...... Hydrate of Oxide of Ethule (Lieliig). Volatile Alkali. . Ammonia..... Amidide of Hydro- gen (Kane). Sal Ammoniac. . Ammoniae Hy- Chloro-Amidide of drochloras . . . Hydrogen (Kane). While Precipitate Hydrargyri Am- Chloro-Amidide of of Mercury . . monio - Chlori- Mercury (Kane). dum....... In the Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia for 1839, the evil attending the use of a scientific nomenclature in pharmacy is noticed, and an attempt made to re- medy the evil. The result has been, to use the lan- guage of Dr. Paris, " a patchwork, not even con- sistent in its inconsistencies—a monster whose several parts bear no harmonious relation with each other. It may be readily shown to be a scheme which has introduced new evils, without having in the smallest degree abated that for which they abandoned ' the decorous dress of science.' If, in order to put a stop to the mischief inseparable from perpetual changes of name, they had thought it ex- pedient to return to the trivial terms, Lithargyrum, Calomelas, Sitb/imutits Corrosivus, Unguentum Citri- nuni, I'r/cipita/um Album, &c, they should certainly have carried out their plan, so as to have included Cremor Tartari, Cinnabaris Factitia, Acidum Prussi- cum (the original name of Scheele), Tartarum Emc- ticum, Sal Commune, Sal Ammoniaci, kc, instead of bestowing upon them respectively, the chemical 96 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. names of Potassa Bi-tartras, Hydrargyri Sulphuretum Rubrum, Acidum Hydrocyanicum, Anlimonium Tar- tarizatum, Sodce Marias, Ammonia Murias, &c, which are of course obnoxious to all those fluctuations they so loudly denounce." CHAPTER V. ON THE ABBREVIATIONS AND CONTRACTIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. To save time and space, the words employed in Prescriptions are frequently abbreviated or con- tracted ; but the practice is objectionable, and in many cases dangerous.* It not unfrequently happens that the abbrevia- tions used to designate certain medicines are equally applicable to other articles contained in the Phar- macopoeia ; and, therefore, errors may be readily made in dispensing. The following are a few examples. * The use of abbreviations is sanctioned by Cicero. "When Poinpey was about to consecrate the temple of Victory, a difficulty arose as to the manner in which he should express his third consulship, whether it should be Consul Tertio, or Consul Tertium ? The learned men of Rome were divided in opinion, and Cicero left this ques- tion undecided; forin order losalisfy all parties, hedirected it should be abbreviated as Consul Tert."—{Paris: Phar- macologia, p. 4G7. 9th Ed.) ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 97 Abbreviations. Mi ilinnes lo which they may apply. Acid Hydroc* \ Ac!<]»n» Hydrochloricum.or J ( Acidum flydrocyanicum. Aconil $ Aconitum (the plant), or / Aconita (the alkaloid). a_____ \ Ammonia (the alkali), or Ammon. < , ,., ■ , ( Ammoniacum (thegum resin). Ao Fontis t $ ^ay ^e ,n'sread f°r Ay. Fortis (nitric ^' I acid). * This abbreviation is frequently used to designate hy- drocyanicor prussicacid (see a case mentioned in the Phar- maceutical Journal, vol. 2, p. 539). It is also sometimes employed to indicate hydrochloric acid. Mr. Richard Phil- lips (Pharm. Journ. vol. 2, p. 320) applied to a chemist to have u prescription prepared in which twenty drops of hydrochloric acid were directed to be taken twice a day. The dispenser gave him hydrocyanic for hydrochloric acid, and omitted to put the number of " drops" to betaken. t The following alarming mistake occurred within the knowledge of Dr. Paris, who relates the anecdote. " I had been sent for to see a child with hooping-cough ; on enter- ing the apartment, I found its mother in considerable pain in her hand and arm. A medical man had just prescribed for the child, and his prescription was sent to a neighbour- ing chemist; the bottle arrived, when the mother, on taking it in her hand, in order to administer it according to ihe directions u;iven, was surprised by the expulsion of the cork, and the contents of the phial flying over her hand and urui. On seeing the prescription, and the effect it had produced, I at once perceived the nature of the mistake. The prescription is now before me, and f will copy it literatim:—K Syr. Papav. alb. 30 i Aqua fontis, gvi. ft. mislura ut. did. sumend. The downstroke of the n might certainly have been mistaken for r, but this was no excuse tor the chemist, who ought to have known that the pre- scriber never could have meant to give the child Aqua fortis." (Tins prescription is in the Museum of the Phar- maceutical Society.) 9 98 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. C Calcii Chloridum [muriate of lime), or Calc. Chlor. -? Calcis Chloridum (chloride of lime, or £ bleaching powder). (Emplastrum Lithargyri. May be mi9- Emp. Lyth.* 2 read for Emp. Lytt. (Emplastrum ( Lyase.) Fxt Col S i1'xtraclnm Colchici, or \ Extractum Colocynthidis. f Hydrargyrum (quicksilver), or I Hydras (hydrate), or Hydr.t s, Hydriodas (hydriodate), or | lfydroehloricum (hydrochloric), or l^IIydrocyanicum (hydrocyanic). Hydr. Potass*.* \ "vc)ras Po***(polassafusa), or . J f Hydriodas Potassae (iodide of potassium). * " One of our eminent surgeons having occasion to direct the_application of a lead plaster (Emplast Lillian*. V. L. 1787), he abbreviated the term as follows, substituting at the same time y for that of i, Emp. Lyth., when the com- pounder, reading the h for the t, sent ihe Emplast. Li/lla! As it was applied to the groin, it is scarcely necessary to state ihe distress of the patient and the dismissal of the practitioner." (Paris.) t The abbreviation Hyosc. (Hyoscyamus) may be written so illegibly as to be confounded with Hydrar. (Hydrar- gyrum). X Mr. Richard Phillips stales (Pharm. Journ. vol. 3, p. 244) that he presented to a chemist and druggist a paper on which was clearly written " Potassa Hqdratis, o'J;" and he was supplied with iodide of potassium, labelled "Hydr. Pol. 3>j " The following is an instance in which Ihe converse error was made, and hi/dras polassa substi- tuted for iodide of potassium.—An apprentice who had been seventeen months at the business of a chemist and druggist was left in care of the shop while his master attended church A prescription, of which the following is a copy, was left to be dispensed:— R. Hydr. Polassa? 3iss. Syr. Croci ^jj. Aqua; ^vij. M. capiat, cochl. amp. ter in die. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 99 r Hydrargyri bichloridum (corrosive subli- ii j R ) mate), or ityar. Bic. \ fiydriirgyri bicyanidum (6icyani civ, S Potassii sulphuretum (liver of sulphur), or 1 otas. fculph. J PotasslB sulphas (sulphate of potash). c , < Sodium (tAe metal), or bod- f Soda (soda). C Sodii chloridum (common salt), or Sod. Chlor. < Soda chlorinata ) (chlorinated soda or ( Soihe chloridum $ bleaching liquid). C Sulphur (brimstone). Sulph. < Sulphuretum (sulphurel), or (J Sulphas (sulphate). "In writing directions for taking any sort of medicine, avoid abbreviations as much as possible. Let numbers be expressed in words, not in figures ; The youth had received strict orders never to prepare any medicine that he had the least doubt of: the medicine was wanted immediately, and on referring to the Pharma- copoeia he found that the only preparation of potash with the above commencement was " Potassa Hydras" this he used, and fortunately, the error being discovered after one dose only had been taken, and the proper antidotes being administered early, the patient is .not likely to feel any ill effects from it.—(Pharmaceutical Journal, vol. 2, p. 539.) 100 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCUIPTIONS. and let every word, throughout, be perfectly legible. "Do not write a label in this manner:—'Dissolve these ingredients in \ a pint of gruel or broth; take 4 tablespfls. at 1st, and 2 tablespfls. every \ hour until it operates, adding wD you take each dose, 2 teaspfls. of the Tinct. sent herewith.' " But write it in this manner:—'Dissolve these in- gredients in half a pint of gruel or broth, and take four tablespoonfuls at first, and two tablespoonfuls every half-hour until it operates ; adding, when you take each dose, two teaspoonfuls of the Tincture Bent herewith.' " I have known, even in cases where a man writes a very good hand, mistakes made by figures resem- bling others, or being mistaken for others by readers whose sight was not good. I have known a 3 re- sembling an 8, and being mistaken for it; a 4 re- sembling a 7, and often a 7 for a 4. In writing for the word, half, the abbreviation, \, the one is often expressed by a dot so small as to be scarcely visi- ble, while the 2 is much larger than it ought to be [thus !i]. The consequence has been that a medi- cine ordered to be administered every half hour, in a case of extreme danger, has been given only every two hours, and the patient died." (Chamberlain's Tyrocinium Medicum.) The following is a List of Abbreviations and Con- tractions more or less frequently met with in pre- scriptions :— A. aa. ana («.vz), of each ingredient. It signifies equally of weight or measure, and in this sense it is used by Hippocrates and Hioscorides. A. or aa. is used for brevity. . In the Pharmacopoeia, the term singulorum is employed instead of Ana. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 101 Abdom. Ahihmen, the belly; abdominis, of the belly; abdomiui, to the belly. Abs. febr. Absente febre, in the absence of the fever. Ad 2 vie. Ad duas vices, at twice taking. Ad Ztiam vicem. Ad tertiam vicem, for three times. Ad gr. acid. Ad gratam aciditatem, to an agree- able sourness. Ad def. animi. Ad defectionem animi, to fainting. Ad libit. Ad libitum, at pleasure. Add. Adde, or addantur, add, or let be added; addendus, to be added ; addendo, by adding. Adjac. Adjacent-, adjacent. Admov. Admove, or admoveatur, or admovcan- tur, apply, or let be applied. Adst. febre. Adstante febre, when the fever is on. Adv. Adversum, against. Aggrcd. febre. Aggrediente febre, while the fever is coming on. Altern. horis. Alternis horis, every other hour. Alvo adst. Aloo adstricta, when the belly is bound. Aq. astr. Aqua astrica, frozen water. Aq. bull. Aqua bulliens, boiling water. Aq. com. Aqua communis, common water. Aq.fluv. Aqua fluviatilis, river water. Aq. mar. Aqua marina, sea water. Aq. niv. Aqua nivalis, snow water. Aq. pluv. Aqua pluviatilis, or Aqua pluvialis, rain water. Aq.ferv. Aqua fervens, hot water. Aq. font. Aqua fontanel, or Aqua fontis, or Aqua fontalis, spring water. Bis ind. Bis indies, twice a day. Bib. Bibe, drink (thou). 9* ' 102 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. BB. Bbds. Barbadensis, Barbadoes ; as Aloe* Barbadensis. B. M. Balneum Marice, or Balneum Maris, a warm water bath. Bull. Bulliat, or bulliant, let boil. But. Butyrum, butter. B. V. Balneum vaporosum, or Balneum vaporis, a vapour bath. C. Cum, with. Ccerul. Cceruleus, blue. Cap. Capiat, let the patient take. Calom. Calomelas (from x.*kk, good, and /uexa.;, black), calomel, or the chloride of mercury. C. C. Cornu cervi, hartshorn. Cucurbitula om- enta, a cupping-glass with the scarificator. It means, literally, " the bloody cupping-glass." C. C. U. Cornu-f cervi ustum, burnt hartshorn. Coch. a spoonful: a tablespoonful. J Cochleat. Cochleatim, by spoonfuls. Coch. ampl: Cochleare amplum, a large (or table) spoonful. About half an ounce of watery fluids and two or three drachms of alcoholic. Coch. infant. Cochleare infantis, a child's spoon- ful. Coch. magn. Cochleare magnum, a large spoonful. Coch. med. Cochleare medium, \ a middling Coch. mod. Cochleare modicum, J or moderate ,, * Aloe is a feminine noun of the first declension, but having a Greek termination (A\6n) is thus declined: N. aloe, G. aloes, D. aloe, A. aloen, V. aloe, Ab. aloe. t Cornu belongs to the fourth declension, but, like all other nouns in u, is indeclinable in the singular, though regular in the plural; as plural N. comua, G. cornuum, D. cornibus, A. comua, V. comua, Ab. comibus. X See page 61. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 103 spoonful: that is, a child's or dessert spoonful. About two fluid drachms of distilled water. Coch. parv. Cochleare parvum, a small (or tea) spoonful. It contains about one fluid drachm of distilled water. I find that a teaspoonful of this size will hold from half a drachm to two scruples of the common carbonate of magnesia when heaped up ; or about two drachms of sublimed sulphur. Col. Cola, strain. Col. Colatus, strained. Colet. Colat. Coletur, let it be strained ; cola- turce, to the strained liquor. Colent. Colentur, let them be strained. Color. Coloretur, let it be coloured. Comp. Compositus, a, um, compounded. Con. Concisus, cut. Cong. Congius, a gallon. Cons. Conserva, a conserve ; also, keep thou. Cont. rem. Continuentur remedia, let the medicines be continued. Coq. Coque, boil; coquantur, let them be boiled. Coq. ad. med. consumpt. Coque ad medietatis con- sumptionem, boil to the consumption of half. Coq. in S. A. Coque in sufficiente quantitate aquce, boil in a sufficient quantity of water. Cort. Cortex, bark. C. v. Cras vespere, to-morrow evening. C. m. s. Cras mane sumendus, to be taken to-mor- row morning. C. n. Cras nocte, to-morrow night. Crast. Crastinus, for to-morrow. Cuj. Cujus, of which. Cujusl. Cujuslibet, of any. Cyath. thece. Cyatho theoz, in a cup of tea. Cyath. Cyathus, vel \ a wine-glass. C. vinar. Cyathus vinarius, J From an ounce 104 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. and a half to two ounces and a half of watery liquids. In the Paris Pharmacopoeia it is estimated at five ounces. Deaur. pit. Deaurentur pilulce, let the pills be gilt.* • Deb. spiss. Debita spissitudo, a proper consistence. Dec. Decanta, pour off. Decub. Decubitus, of lying down. De d. in d. De die in diem, from day to day. Deglut. Deglutiatur, maybe (or let be) swallowed. Dej. alvi. Dejectiones alvi, stools. Det. Detur, let it be given. Dieb. alt. Diebus alternis, every other day. Dieb. tert. Diebus tertiis, every third day. Dil. Dilue, dilutus (thou), diluted. Diluc. Diluculo, at break of day. * "The practice of gilding pills was formerly very much in request; but for the last fifty years it has grown into disuse. Nevertheless, as unlikely things do sometimes occur, it might so happen that some very particular old lady or gentleman, placing peculiar confidence in some prescription of a hundred years old, at the foot of which the words ' Deaurentur pilulce' are written, might not be satis- fied without having the same medicine in its usual splen- dour ; therefore it is well that we should know how to do this, especially as it is the easiest and simplest thing in the world. Open a book of leaf gold or leaf silver, and having formed your pills perfectly round, lay them without rolling them in any sort of powder, on the leaf of gold, or silver, at equal distances. For boluses, four are enough for one leaf; for large pills, eight or twelve; and for very small ones, sixteen or twenty upon one leaf: then pour off the pills, gold and all, from off" the book, into a clean and per- fectly dry gallipot, cover the gallipot with the palm of your hand, and shake it round and round, in the same manner as on ordinary occasions you would do if you were going to roll them in any sort of powder ; and on taking them out, you will find the pills perfectly covered with the leaf gold, or leaf silver."—Chamberlain's Tyrocinium Medicum. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 105 Dim. Dimidius, one-half. D. in 2plo. Detur in duplo, let twice as much be given. D. in p. ceq. Dividatur in partes cequales, let it be divided into equal parts. D. P. Dir. prop. Directione propria, with a pro- per direction. Donee alv. bis dej. Donee alvus bis dejiciatur, until the bowels have been twice evacuated. Donee alv. sol. fuer. Donee alvus soluta fuerit, until the bowels shall be opened. Donee, dol. neph. exulav. Donee dolor nephriticus exulaverit, until the nephritic pain be removed. D. Dosis, a dose. Eburn. Eburneus, made of ivory. Ed. Edulcorata, edulcorated. Ejusd. Ejusdem, of the same.* Elect. Electuarium, an electuary. Enem. EnSma,f a clyster; enemata, clysters. Exhib. Exhibeatur, let it be exhibited. Ext. sup. alut. moll. Extende super alutam mollem, spread (thou) upon soft leather. * Dr. Mason Good relates the following anecdote: " A gentleman of Worcester, who does not practise pharmacy, prescribed for his patient as follows :— R. Decoct. Cascarilla, 3VJ. Tinclura Ejusdem 'Aj. Misce. The shopman of a neighbouring apothecary, to whom the prescription was sent, took it to the gentleman who had written it, to know what he should substitute for the Tine- tura Ejusdem, which he could not procure in any of the shops in Ihe whole city." t This word is commonly, though erroneously, pro- nounced Enema. 106 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. F. Fac,* make; fiat, fiant, let it be made. F. pil. xij. Fac pilulas duodecim, make 12 pills. Fasc. Fasciculus, a bundle, which can be carried under the arm.f Feb. dur. Febre durante, during the fever. Fern, intern. Femoribus internis, to the inner part of the thighs. F. vences. Fiat venceseclio, bleed. F. H. Fiat haustus, let a draught be made. Fict. Fictilis, earthen. Fit. Filtrum, a filter. Filtra, filter (thou). Fist. arm. Fistula armata, a clyster-pipe and bladder fitted for use. Fl. fluidus, liquid; also, by measure. F. L. A. Fiat lege artis, let it be made by the rules of art. F. M. Fiat Mistura, let a mixture be made. Frust. Frustillatim, in little pieces. F. S. A. Fiat secundum artem, let it be made according to art. F. S. A. R. Fiat secundum artis regulas, let it be made according to the rules of art. Gel. quav. Gelatina quavis, in any kind of jelly. * Fac is used as the imperative instead of Face (from Facio), which is but seldom found. + The terms Fasciculus, Manipulus, and Pugillus, are applied principally to the measure of herbs and flowers (see pp. 108 and 111). There is a considerable discrepancy among authors as to the quantities implied by these terms, as the following table will show:— Linneeus. Geiger. Paris Pharmacop. Pugillus . . 3j. 3ss. to^j. 3J-lo3'J- Manipulua . ^iv. 3iv. rA). to guss. Fasciculus . gvj. gj. I — ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 107 G. G. G. Gummi* guttae, Gambce, gamboge. Gr. Granum, grain; grana, grains. Gr. vj. pond. Grana sex pondere, six grains by weight. Gtt. Gutta, a drop ; gutta?, drops, f Gutt. quibusd. Guttis quibusdam, with a few drops. Guttnt. Guttatim, by drops. Har. pit. sum iij. Harumpilularum sumantur tres, let three of these pills be taken. Hb. Herba, an herb. II. D. or Hor. decub. Hora decubitus, at the hour of going to bed. H. p. n. Haustus purgans noster, a formula of purging draught, made according to a practitioner's own private pharmacopoeia. * Nouns in i, as Gummi, are for the most part indeclina- ble in both numbers. t The sp. gr. and cohesive power of liquids are various : hence the weight and the size of drops of different liquids are liable to considerable variation. The following table, deduced from Mr. Shuttleworth's experiments, proves these statements :— 1 Fluid drachm of Grains. Drops. Distilled Water consists of 60 or 60 Solution of Arsenic . . . 60$ or 60 White Wine.....58$ or 94 Ipecacuanha Wine . . . 59$ or 84 Antimonial Wine. . . . 59J or 84 Rectified Spirits of Wine . 51! or 15H Proof Spirit.....55£ or 140 Laudanum......59£ or 134 Tincture of Foxglove . . 58 or 144 The sizes of the drops of liquid also vary according to the shape of the vessel, as well as according to the pari of the lip of the same vessel. Hence measuring by drops ought to be entirely abolished. 108 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. H. S. or Hor. som. Hora somni, just before going to sleep; or on retiring to rest. Hor. un. spaiio. Horce unius spatio, at the expira- tion of an hour. Hor. interm. Horis intermediis, at the intermedi- ate hours between what has been ordered at stated times. Hor. lima. mat. Horci undecimd matutind, at the eleventh hour in the morning. Ind. Indies, from day to day or daily. Inpulm. In pulmento, in gruel. Inc. Incide ; incisus, cut (thou) : being cut. Inf. Infunde, pour in. Jul. Julepus, Julepum, Julapium, a julep.* Inj. enem. Injiciatur enema, let a clyster be given. Kal. ppt. Kalif prceparatum (Potassa? Carbonas, Ph. L.) prepared kali, or carbonate or subcarbonate of potash. Lat. dol. Lateri dolenti, on the side that is pain- ful. M. Misce, mix; mensura, by measure; manipulus, a handful; minimum, a minim. Manepr. Mane primo, very early in the morning. Man. Manipulus, a handful. J * Julep or Julapium is derived from the Arabic (juleb or julleb). The Persians have admitted the word into their language, and write it julab. It imports literally a sweet medicated drink.—Good's Nosology. t Kali and alkali, commonly supposed to be Arabic, are Persian terms, Kalia and Alkali, far more euphonious names than the indeclinable nouns in general use, and signify the ashes of marine plants; whence the Turks employ Kal for ashes in general, as well as their lixivium.—Good's Noso- togy. X The following table shows the value of a Manipulus:— ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 109 Min. Minimum, the 60th part of a dracljm mea- sure. Minutum,* a minute. M.P. Massa pilularum, a pill mass. M.R. Mistura, a mixture. Mic. Pan. Mica panis, crumb of bread. Mitt. Milte, send; mittatur, or mittantur, let be sent. Mitt. sang, ad 2>xij. saltern. Mitte sanguinem ad uncias duodecim saltern, take away blood to 12 oz. at least. Mod. proe.sc. Modo prozscripto, in the manner pre- scribed. More diet. More dicto, in the manner directed, -j- Mor. sol. More solito, in the usual manner. Ne tr. s. num. Ne tradas sine nummo, do not de- >. Grammes. Oz. Dr. Gr. Manipulus seminum hordei.... 101-40 or 3 2 5 lini...... 47-60 or 1 4 14i <; farinas de semine lini . . 105 00 or 3 3 0£ foliorum malvas siccorum 4390 or 1 3 17i cicfioni siccorum. 32-00 or 0 8 14 florum tiliae........ 4010 or 1 3 58 * Minutum is occasionally found in prescriptions, but is very barbarous Latin. The proper Latin for a minute is sexagesima pars hora. t A physician, who is in the habit of leaving verbal di- rections with the patient how his medicines are to be taken, and very frequently writes the prescription in Latin, but very short directions in English,-wrote at the foot of his prescription, sum more did., " lo be taken in the manner directed." The c in dicto being either carelessly written as an e, or mistaken as such, the apprentice read it diet, and as he did not understand Latin, and the Doctor often wrole directions in English, he took it to be " some more diet," and therefore was quite proud of the elegance of his trans- lation, in writing " to be taken with a more liberal allowance of food."—(Tyrocinium Medicum.) 110 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. liver it .unless paid. (Used by apothecaries as a caution to the assistant, when the presence of the patient prevents the master giving a verbal direc- tion.) N. M. Nux Moschata, a nutmeg. No. Numero, in number. 0. Octarius, a pint.* 01. lini s. i. Oleum lini sine igne, cold-drawn lin- seed oil. Omn. hor. Omni hora, every hour. Omn. bid. Omni biduo, every two days. Omn. bih. Omni bihorio, every two hours. 0. M. or Omn. man. Omni mane, every morning. 0. N. or Omn. noct. Omni nocte, every night. Omn. quadr. hor. Omni quadrante horce, every quarter of an hour. 0. 0. 0. Oleum olivce optimum, best olive oil. Ov. Ovum, an egg.f Oz. The ounce avoirdupois, or common weight, as distinguished from that prescribed by physicians. P. oz. Part, cequal. Partes cequales, equal parts. P. d. Per deliquium, by deliquescence. Past. Pastillus, Pastillum (dim. of pasta, a lo- zenge), a little lump or ball of paste, to take like a lozenge, a troch, or pastil. P. Pondere, by weight. * The pint measure of the London Pharmacopoeia (1836) contains twenty fluid ounces. t According to the Paris Pharmacopoeia,— Oz. Dr. Gr. A fresh egg, of large size, weighs . . 2 2 0 without the shell ... 2 0 0 The white weighs........1 2 57 The yolk...........0 5 15 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Ill P. C. Pondus civile, civil weight (Avoirdupois weight). P. 31. Pondus medicinale, medicinal weight (Apo- thecaries' weight). Ph. D. Pharmacopoeia Dublinensis. Ph. E. Pharmacopoeia Edinensis. Ph. L. Pharmacopoeia Londinensis. Ph. U. S. Pharmacopoeia of the United States. Part. vie. Partitis vicibus, in divided doses. Per op. emet. Peractd operatione emetici, when the operation of the emetic is finished. Pocul. Poculum, a cup. A teacup holds from four to six ounces of distilled water. Pocill. Pocillum, a little cup. Post sing. sed. liq. Post singulas sedes liquidas, after every loose stool. Ppt. Prceparata, prepared. P. r. n. Pro re nata, according as circumstances arise (that is, occasionally). P. rat. ait. Pro ratione mtatis, according to the age of the patient. Pug. Pugillus, a pinch; a gripe between the thumb and the first two fingers.* Pulv. Pulvis ; pulverizatus, a powder,—powdered. Q. I. Quantum lubet, "I , , /. ^ . , ' } as much as you please. v- P- Quantum placet, J j r * The following table shows the value of the pugillus: Grammes. Dr. Scr. Gr. Pugillus florum anlhemidis nobilis. 780 or 2 0 0 arnica? montance .... 620 or 1 1 15! tussilaginis farfaras . . 6 20 or 1 1 15a althaeas officinalis... . 500 or 1 0 17 malvffi............ 3 20 or O 2 9 seminum foeniculi....... 700 or 1 2 8 anisi................. 440 or 1 0 8 112 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Q. s. Quantum sufficiat, or quantum satis, as much as is sufficient. Quor. Quorum, of which. Q. v. Quantum vis, quantum volueris, as much as you will. Red. inpulv. Redactus in pulverem, powdered. Redig. inpulv. Redigatur in pulverem, let it be reduced to powder. Reg. umbil. Regio umbilici, the umbilical region. Repet. Repetatur, repetanhir, let it be continued. S. A. Secundum artem, according to art. Scat. Scatula, a box. S. N. Secundum naturam, according to nature. Semidr. Semidrachma, half a drachm. Semih. Semihora, half an hour. Sesunc. Sesuncia, an ounce and a half. Sesquih. Sesquihora, an hour and a half. Si n. val. Si non valeat, if it does not answer. Si op. sit. Si opus sit, if there be occasion. Si vir perm. Si vires permittant, if the strength will bear it. Signatura, a label (see p. 14). Sign. n. pr. Siynelur nomine proprio, let it be written upon with the proper name (not the trade name). Sing. Singulorum, of each. S. S. S. Stratum super stratum, layer upon layer. Ss. Semi, a half. St. Slet, let it stand; stent, let them stand. Sub. fin. coct. Sub finem coctionis, when the boil- ing is nearly finished. Sum. tal. Sumat talem, let the patient take one like this. Sum. Summitates, the summits or tops. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS 113 Sum. Sume, sumat, sumatur, sumantur, sumendus, take thou, let him take, let be taken, to be taken. S. V. Spiritus vinosus, ardent spirit of any strength. S. V. R. Spiritus vini reclificatus, rectified spirit of wine. S. V. T. Spiritus vini tenuis, proof spirit. Tabel. Tabella (dim. of tabula, a table), a lo- zenge. Temp. dext. Temporidextro, to the right temple.* T. 0. Tinctura opii, tincture of opium; generally confounded with laudanum, which is properly the wine of opium. T. 0. C. Tinctura opii camphorata, paregoric elixir.| It is now called Tinct. camphorce composita. Trit. Tritura, triturate. Tra. Tinctura, tincture. Troc. Trochisci, troches or lozenges. Ult. prcescr. Ultimo prcescriptus, the last ordered. * Tempora, the temples, although generally used in the plural, yet is sometimes found in the singular. t Dr. M. Good, in his History of Medicine, published in the year 1795, relates the following story:—"A physician prescribed for the son of a poor woman, labouring under dyspiiosa, the following draught, to be given at bedtime : R. Syr. papav. alb. 3J. Tine, opii C. 3'j. Aq. deslill. 3v. M. Unfortunately the person to whom this prescription was brought, not being acquainted with the new name for pare- goric elixir, and not attending to the C. (camphorata) made it with 3'j- Tinctura opii'; and, though he advised the woman to give the child only half the draught, it proved sufficiently strong to destroy life before the evening of the following day. 10* 114 SYMBOLS OR SIGNS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. V. 0. S. Vitello ovi solutus, dissolved in the yolk of an egg. Vom. urg. Vomitione urgenle, the vomiting being troublesome. V. S. B. Vencesectio brachii, bleeding in the arm. Zz. Zingiber, ginger: CHAPTER VI. ON THE SYMBOLS OR SIGNS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. Formerly the signs or symbols employed in che- mistry and pharmacy as substitutes for words, were numerous. At the present time they are very few. The following alone deserve notice :— R Recipe, take. Ancient authors used this sign 1\, being the old heathen invocation to Jupiter, seeking his blessing upon the formula, equivalent to the usual invocation of the poets and of Mahomedan authors, or the Laus Deo with which bookkeepers and merchants' clerks formerly began their books of accounts and invoices,—a practice now almost extinct. " It is at present so disguised by the ad- dition of the down-stroke, which converts it into the letter R, that, were it not for its cloven foot, we might be led to question the fact of its superstitious origin."—(Paris''s Pharmacologia.) (See Chap. I. p. 13.) (XX. Minimum, the 60th part of a fluidrachm. Gtt. Guttce, drops. SYMBOLS OR SIGNS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 115 9. Scrupulus vel Scrupulum. A scruple, equal to 20 grains troy. 3.* Drachma, a drachm, equal to three scruples; or, in liquids, the 8th part of an ounce measure. g. Uncia, an ounce troy; or, in liquids, the 16th part of a wine pint, or the 20th part of the imperial pint. ft. Libra, a pound weight. 0. Octarius, a pint. Fl. Fluid. Used as a prefix to certain measures to distinguish them from weights; thus j#3., fluid- uncia ; and fl'Z., fluidrachma. Ss. Semis, half. Used as an affix to weights and measures; as 3ss., semiuncia; 3ss., semidrachma; ^ss., semiscrupulum. Gr. Granum or Grana. A grain; grains. * " I wish some other character could be substituted either for the ounce or the drachm; for the two characters being so extremely alike, I am well persuaded many very bad mistakes occur; the drachm being nearly a figure of three (3). requires nothing but one small angle over it (n) to make it an ounce (g); thus the mistake is easily made in the hurry of writing, by the prescriber, or in the making up, by the compounder. So sensible of the possibility, or rather so well acquainted with the certainly, of fatal mis- takes having happened from this similarity of figure in the marks of the drachm and the ounce, was that excellent and incorruptible patriot, Dr. Charles Lucas (of Dublin), that the very first Bill he brought into Parliament, after he had been returned a member lor the city of Dublin, was a Bill to compel the Physicians of Ireland to discontinue the using of characters in their prescriptions, and to write the words at full length.— Uncias Ires, drachmas duas, scrupu- lum unum cum semisse."—(Chamberlain's Tyrocinium Me- dicum, 2d edit. 1819.) 116 SYMBOLS OR SIGNS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. i i ; • Gr. vi. Grana sex, six grains. I * 1j ! " • * Gr. v. Grana quinque, five grains. !----------> Gr. iv. Grana quatuor, four grains. _J Gr. iii. Grana tria, three grains. Gr. ii. Grana duo, two grains. Gr. i. Grana [unum], one grain. Gr. ss. Semigranum, half a grain. The following tables of weights and measures may not be an inappropriate appendix to the preceding list of symbols. It may be premised that the weights ordered in prescriptions refer to the Apothecaries' weight, and the measures to imperial measure. 1 Pound contains 1 Ounce " 1 Drachm " 1 Scruple " Troy or Apothe- I Avoirdupois caries' Weight. Weight. 5760 grains. 7000 grains 480 - 437-5 .< 60 " j 27-34375" 20 " '___________ ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF PRESCRIPTIONS. 117 1 Gallon contains 1 Pint 1 Fluidounce " 1 Fluidrachm " Imperial {Pharma-copaial) Measure. Wine Measure. 76800 minims. 9600 480 60 61440 minims. 7680 480 60 CHAPTER VII. ON THE GRAMMATICAL CONSTRUCTION OF PRESCRIPTIONS. It has been thought advisable to devote one chap- ter to a few remarks on the grammatical construc- tion of prescriptions. The Rules of Syntax, with illustrations drawn from prescriptions, will be first given, and to these will be appended a grammatical explanation of a few prescriptions, and a few remarks on the proper pronunciation of pharmaceutical terms. I. The Rules of Syntax. Those rules of syntax which require to be noticed here are thirty-two in number. They may be con- veniently arranged under the two heads of Concords and Government. I. Of Concords.—The Concords are four.* * Some grammarians make only three concords: the agreement of one substantive with another signifying the same thing (Rule 8), not being considered by them a con- cord, but being called apposition. However, for the reason assigned by Mr. Giant (Institutes of Latin Grammar, p. 172), I have adopted it as a primary concord. 118 RULES OF SYNTAX. 1. Of an Adjective, &c, with a Substantive. 2. Of a Verb with a Nominative. 3. Of a Relative with an Antecedent. 4. Of a Substantive with a Substantive. Rule 1. Adjectives, participles, and pronouns, agree with the substantive in gender, number, and case: as, Grana duo. Cochleare amplum. Hauntus su- mendus. Quaque nocte. Pannum laneum. Cata- plasma calidum. Rule 2. A personal verb agrees with its nominative in number and person: as, Tu recipe. Mittatur sanguis. Admoveatur em- plastrum. Capiat ceger. Fricetur corpus. Fo- veantur gingival. Colluantur fauces. Rule 3. The infinitive mood has an accusative be- fore it: as, Repetatur vencesectio quotidie ad tertiam vel quar- tam vicem nisi constet vires prius deficere. [Note. The noun vires (of the accusative case plural) follows constet, but precedes the infini- tive deficere.] Rule 4. The relative qui, qucc, quod, agrees with the antecedent in gender, number, and person: as, Divide in pilulas sex, quarum sumat unampro re natd. [Note. Here quarum is the relative, and agrees with the antecedent pilulas in gender, number, and person.] Rule 5. If no nominative come between the rela- tive and the verb, the relative shall be the nomi- native to the verb : as, RULES OF SYNTAX. 119 Fiant piluloz duodecim, quce sumendce sunt u antea. Rule 6. But if a nominative come between the re- lative and the verb, the relative shall be of that case which the verb or noun following, or the preposition going before, uses to govern: as, Fiat haustus, cui, tempore capiendi, adde, Sec. [Note. Here the nominative (tu, understood) comes between the relative (cui) and the verb (adde): hence the relative is put in the dative case, being governed by the verb adde.] Rule 7. Two or more substantives singular, coupled together by a conjunction, generally have a verb, adjective, or relative plural: as, Haustus et pilula sumantur tribus horis. Rule 8. One substantive agrees with another, sig- nifying the same thing, in case: as, Recipe, Potassoz tartratis (vulgo Tartari solubilis) unciam. [Note. Potassce. tartras and Tartarum solubile being terms signifying the same thing, they are put in the same case.] II. Of Government. 1. Of Nouns. 2. Of Verbs. 3. Of words indeclinable. Nouns. Rule 9. One substantive governs another, signify- ing a different thing, in the genitive : as, 120 RULES OF SYNTAX. Uncia magnesia. Magnitudo nucis moschatce. Hord somni. Uncice quinque sanguinis. [Note. The substance governed may govern another, signifying a different thing: as, Drach- ma sodce* carbonatis.] Rule 10. An adjective, in the neuter gender, with- out a substance expressed, is followed by a geni- tive ; the adjectives thus used are generally such as signify quantity: as, Plus calcis. Ex pauxillo alicujus liquoris. Pau- lulum spiritils. Ex tantillo hvjus liquoris. Rule 11. Opus and usus, denoting necessity, conve- nience, or expediency, are followed by the ablative of the thing wanted: as, Quando alvi ductione opus sit. Rule 12. Adjectives signifying desire, knowledge, memory, fear, &c, and the contraries to these, require a genitive case: as, Ad alvum officii immemorem excitandum. Rule 13. Partitives and words placed partitively, comparatives, superlatives, interrogatives, and some numerals, govern the genitive plural: as, Una pilularum. [Note. Unus, when used as a numeral, takes de or e, or ex, after it, and seldom the genitive plural. Hence una ex pilulis would be prefer- able to una pilularum.] * Soda is generally said to be derived from the Arabic, but Dr. Good says " the word Soda is derived from the German word, Das Sod, or Sodt,—foam or scum boiling up to the surface."— Good's Nosology. RULES OF SYNTAX. 121 Verbs. Rule 14. A verb signifying actively governs the accusative: as, Recipe unciam (vel drachmam). Capiat cochleare. Mitte sanguinem. Sumat unam [pilulam]. Rule 15. Verbs of giving, taking away, composing, &c, and many verbs compounded with ad, in, ob, pros, sub, govern an accusative and dative, if the verb be active ; if passive, a dative only. Da infantulo lactenti cochleare minimum aquce menthce. Admoveantur regioni renum hirudines sex. Capiat cochlearia duo in languoribus, prmci- pue diebus purgationi deditis. Siprimce vencesec- tioni non cedat morbus, Sec. Rule 16. Utor, and some other words, govern the ablative: as, Utatur sequenti. Utatur pediluvio. Utatur ceger equitatione. Rule 17. One verb governs another in the infini- tive : as, Caput tonderi debet. Rule 18. Participles, gerunds, and supines, govern the case of their own verbs: as, Augendo dosin. Augendo, minuendove quantita- tem. Fiat linimentum, cervici et scapulis infrican- dum. Instillando tinctures opii guttas sex. Rule 19. Natus, editus, creatus, and some other par- ticiples, require an ablative case; and oftentimes with a preposition : as, Nata humoris detractio ab emplastro cantharidis. 11 122 RULES OF SYNTAX. Rule 20. The gerund in di is governed by substan- tives or adjectives: as, Tempore coenandi. Tempore capiendi. Rule 21. Gerunds governing the accusative may be elegantly turned into the participles in dus, which agree with their substantives in gender, number, and case: as, Ad acorem compescendum. Ad alvum excitandam. On the Construction of Circumstances. Circumstances are five: Cause, Manner, Instru- ment, Place, and Time: and they are common to the verbs and nouns. Rule 22. The cause, manner, and instrument, are put in the ablative: as, Pleno riro. More solita. Eodem modo. Manu calida. Ope penicilli. Curetur pars exulcerata unguento sabinaz. Alvo hisce medicamentis liberi soluta. Igne leni. Rule 23. Nouns signifying part of time, and an- swering to the question quando (when ?) are put in the ablative: as, Omni nocte. Scxtis horis. Tempore matutino. Rule 24. But nouns signifying duration of time, and answering to the question quamdiu (how long?) are generally put in the accusative: the prepo- sitions per, ad, in, intra, inter, being frequently expressed: as, Per horam. Per tret nodes. Inter noclem. Rule 25. A substantive and a participle, whose case depends upon no other word, are put in the ablative absolute: as, RULES OF SYNTAX. 123 Urgente tussi. VasepriiXs agitato. Peractd effer- vescentid. Durante fluxu a~uento. Fluxu cessante. Finitd effervescentid. Of Prepositions. Rule 26. The prepositions, ad, apud, ante, inter, per, pone, secundum, &c, govern the accusative: as, Ad uncias decern. Adversum renes. Inter scapu- las. Pone aurem. Infra cubitos. Prope cariila- ginem thyroideam. Rule 27. The prepositions a, ab, cum, de, e or ex, pro, &c, govern the ablative: as, Cum cochlearibus tribus. E brachio. Ex largo vulnere. De novo. Rule 28. Some prepositions govern either the ab- lative or the accusative: thus, in, signifying in, governs the ablative; when it signifies into, an accusative. Sub, super, and some others, also govern either case: as, In urethram. Bis in die. In partes excoriatas. Sub aurem. Super alutam. Rule 29. Verbs compounded with a, ab, ad, con, de, e, ex, in, sometimes repeat the same preposi- tions, with their case out of composition, and that elegantly: as, Detrahantur de hypochondrio dextro sanguinis uncice decern. Of Conjunctions. Rule 30. The conjunctions et, ac, atque, aut, vel, and some others, couple like cases and moods: as, Duabus vel tribus horis. Post singulas sedes liqui- 124 SYNTAX OF PRESCRIPTIONS. das vel singulas vomiliones. Admoveantur parti affectcc hirudines ser, et pro re natd repetantur. Rule?A. The following conjunctions are generally found governing a subjunctive mood: ut, si, nc, donee, &c.: as, Utfiat haustus. Donee alvus respondent. Donee vomitus supervenerit. Si vigilia; anxerint. Si tussis increbuerit. Of Adverbs. Rule '.V2. Some adverbs of quantity, time, and place, govern the genitive : as, Quod satis est sacchari albi. Quantum sufficiat aquoe. II. Grammatical Explanation of Prescriptions. It will be sufficient, perhaps, to present the stu- dent with a grammatical explanation of two pre- scriptions. No. I. (1) R. Ferri Carbonatis, 3jss. (2) Rhei pulveris, gr. xv. (3) Olei Anthemidis gtt. v. (4) Conservse Rosa; quantum sufficiat ut fiat massula in pilulas viginti dividenda, quarum sumat aeger tres octavis horis. (1) Recipe, verb active, imp. mood, 2d pers. sing. agreeing with Tu understood (Rule 2); from Recipio, ire, cepi, ceptum, 3d conj. act. Governs an accusative (Rule 14). SYNTAX OF PRESCRIPTIONS. 125 Drachmam, noun subst. ace. sing, from Drachma, ce, f. 1st decl. Governed by Recipe. (Rule 14.) Cum, preposition. Governing an ablative case. (Rule 27.) Semisse, subst. abl. case, from Semissis, is, f. 3d decl. Governed by cum. Carbonatis, subst. gen. sing, from Carbonas, atis,* f. 3d decl. Governed by Drachmam. (Rule 9.) Feuri, subst. gen. sing, from Ferrum, i, n. 2d decl. Governed by Carbonatis. (Rule 9 and note.) (2) Recipe, understood. Ghana, subst. ace. pi. from Granum, i, n. 2d decl. Governed by Recipe, understood. (Rule 14.) Quindecim, adj. indeclin. Pclveris, subst. gen. sing, from Pulvis, eris, m. 3d decl. Governed by Grana. (Rule 9.) Rhei, subst. gen. sing, from Rheum, i, n. 2d decl. Governed by Pulveris. (Rule 9 and note.) (3) Recipe, understood. Guttas, subst. ace. pi. from Gutta, ce, f. 1st decl. Governed by Recipe, understood. (Rule 14.) Quinque, adj. indeclin. Olei, subst. gen. sing, from Oleum, ei, n. 2d decl. Governed by Guttas. (Rule 9.) Anthemidis, subst. gen. sing, from Anthemis, idis, f. 3d decl. Governed by Olei. (Rule 9 and note.) * See foot-note to p. 140, chap. viii. 11* 126 SYNTAX OF PRESCRIPTIONS. (4) Recipe, understood. Quantum, adverb. Governing the genitive case. (Rule 32.) Sufficiat, verb impers. potent, mood, pres. tense, from Sufficio, Ire, feci, fectum, neut. and act. 3d conj. Conservje, subst. gen. sing, from Conserva, ce, f. 1st decl. Governed by Quantum. (Rule 32.) Ros.e, subst. gen. sing, from Rosa, ce, f. 1st decl. Governed by Conserva. (Rule 9 and note.) Ut, conjunct. Governing a subjunct. mood. (Rule 81.) Massula, subst. nom. case a, cc, f. 1st decl. Fiat, verb, subj. mood, pres. tense, 3d person singular, from Flo, fis, factus sum vel fui, fieri, neut. Governed by Ut (Rule 31), and agree- ing with its nominative case Massula. (Rule 2.) Dividenda, particip. nom. case, fem. gend. from Dividendus, a, um, (a dividor, i, sus, pass. 3d conj.) Agreeing with Massula. (Rule 1.) In, preposition. Governing an accusative case. (Rule 28.) Pilulas, subst. ace. pi. from Pilula, ce, f. 1st decl. Governed by In. (Rule 28.) Viginti, adj. indecl. Quarum, relative pronoun, gen. pi. fem. from Qui, qucc, quod. Agreeing with its antecedent Pilulas in gender and number. (Rule 4.) Go- verned in the gen. case by Tres. (Rules 6 and 13.) SYNTAX OF PRESCRIPTIONS. 127 ^Eger, adj. mas. gend. nom. JEger, cegra, cegrum. Agreeing with homo, understood.* (Rule 1.) Sumat, verb, 3d pers. sing. imp. mood, from Sumo, ere, psi, ptum, act. 3d conj. Agreeing with homo, understood (Rule 2) ; governing an ace. case. (Rule 14.) Tres, ad. ace. pi. fem. from Tres, tres, tria. Agreeing with Pilulas, understood (Rule 1), and which is governed by Sumat. (Rule 14.) Horis, subst. abl. plural, from Hora, oz, f. 1st decl. : signifying part of time, and, therefore, put in the abl. case. (Rule 23.) Octavis, adj. abl. plur. fem. from Octavus, a, um. Agreeing with horis. (Rule 1.) No. II. (1) R. Pulv. Scamm. 9ss. (2) ----Jalapae gr. v. * Homo is of the common gender, and refers to either man or woman: hence, when a female patient is meant, we say, agra homo. Latin grammarians are totally at a loss for the etymology of seger, segra, cegrum: Festus gives us ai ai (ai ai); Scaliger, aepyo; (aergos); others, aviypo;, auciapos (anigros, aikiaros), and terms still more discrepant in sense and sound. The reader will, perhaps, readily per- ceive the proper origin of this term when he finds that ekrah, by the Turks pronounced egrah. is Arabic for "sick- ness, aversion, nausea, horror, or shuddering."—(Good's Nosology.) " Aiger and agratus agree in denoting the un- sound state of the objects to which they are applied, but differ in respect to the nature of those objects. The first, as a generic term, extends both to mind and to body, while the latter expresses the disease of ihe body alone."—Hill's Synonymes of the Latin Language. 128 SYNTAX OF PRESCRIPTIONS. 3) Calomelanos gr. iij. 4) M. Fiat pulvis purgans, extemplo in pulpa pomi tosti sumendus. (1) Recipe, as before. Scrupulum, subst. ace. sing, from Scrupulus, i, m. 2d decl. Governed by Recipe. (Rule 14.) Dimidium, adj. ace. sing. masc. from Dimidius, a, um. Agreeing with Scrupulum. (Rule 1.) Pulveris, subst. gen. sing, from Pulvis, eris, m. 3d decl. Governed by Scrupulum. (Rule 9.) Scammone.-e, subst. gen. sing, from Scammonea, ce, f. 1st decl. Governed by Pulveris. (Rule 9 and note.) (2) Recipe, understood, as before. Grana, subst. ace. pi. neut. from Granum, i, n. 2d decl. Governed by Recipe, understood. (Rule 14.) Quinque, adj. indecl. Pulveris, subst. gen. sing, from Putins, eris, m. 3d decl. Governed by Grana. (Rule 9.) Jalai\e, subst. gen. sing, from Jalapa, ce, f. 1st decl. Governed by Pulveris. (Rule 9 and note.) (3) Recipe, understood, as before. Grana, subst. ace. pi. from Granum, i, n. 2d decl. Governed by Recipe. (Rule 14.) Tria, adj. ace. pi. neut. gend. from Tres, tres, tria. Agreeing with Grana. (Rule 1.) Calomelanos, subst. genit. sing, from Calomelas, a word compounded of two Greek words, x»\oC SYNTAX OF PRESCRIPTIONS. 129 (kalos), good, and y.t\x.s (melas), black ; and declined like the masculine gender of the ad- jective ixthdm (melas), thus: Nom. Calomelas; Gen. Calomelanos; Dat. Calomelani; Ace. Ca- lomelana; Voc. Calomelas; Abl.* Calomelane. Calomelanos is governed by Grana. (Rule 9.) (4) Misce, verb, 2d pers. sing, imper. mood, from Misceo, ere, ui, mistum, and mixtum. Act. 2d conj. Agreeing with Tu, understood. (Rule 2.) Fiat, verb, imper. mood, from Fio, fis, factus sum vel/in, fieri, neut. Agreeing with Pulvis. (Rule 2-) Pulvis, subst. nom. sing. masc. gen. 3d decl. Purgans, part. nom. sing. masc. Purgans, lis, from Purgo, are. Agreeing with Pulvis. (Rule 1.) Sumendus, part. Agreeing with Pulvis (Rule 1) in gender, number, and case. From Sumor, i, pass. 3d conj. Extempl6, adverb. In, prepos. governing an abl. case. (Rule 28.) Pulpa, subst. abl. sing, from Pulpa, a-, f. 1st decl. Governed by in. (Rule 28.) Pomi, subst. gen. sing, from Pomum, i, n. 2d decl. Governed by Pulpa. (Rule 9.) Tosti, part. gen. sing. neut. gend. from Tostus, a, urn, (from Torreor, eri, 2d conj.) Agreeing with Pomi. (Rule 1.) * There is no ablative case in Greek. 130 pronunciation of letters. CHAPTER VIII. ON THE PRONUNCIATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL TERMS. " The true pronunciation of the Latin language being lost, the different nations of Europe generally substitute their own. The Italian probably ap- proaches the nearest to it" (Zumpt). The follow- ing remarks on the pronunciation of Latin pharma- ceutical terms apply, therefore, to the English mode of pronouncing this language. In the pronunciation of these, as of other terms, our guides are threefold, viz., certain established rules, the authority of the poets, and established custom. The rules may be arranged under three heads, viz.: 1 st. Those relating to the pronunciation of letters. 2d. Those relating to the pronunciation of sylla- bles, or the accent. 3d. Those relating to the length or quantity of syllables. Sect. I. Rules for the Pronunciation of Letters. The following general rules for the pronunciation of the letters of Latin words are those usually fol- lowed by classical authorities of the present day. Rule 1. C and G.—C and G before a^o, u, and consonants, are pronounced hard. C iff sounded like K; as in Calumba, Copaiba, Cuprum, and Creta. G has a hard guttural sound ; as in Galbanum, Gossipium, Guaiacum, and Glycyrrhiza. PRONUNCIATION OF LETTERS. 131 C and G before e, i, and y, are, with us, gene- rally pronounced soft. C sounds soft like S, as in Cetraria, Citrus, Cydoniu, Cyanidum, and Cyanchum. G is pronounced like J'; as in Gopd. campechia'nus, a, um. camphora'tus, a, um. campes'ter, tris, tre. canaden'sis, e. can'didus, a, um. canel'la, ae. / cani'nus, a, um. can'na, ae,/ cannabi'nus, a, um. can'nabis, is./. Kawiffis. can'didus, a, um. can'tharis, ridis, /. kopOS- pis. cap'sicum, l. n. icaxpiriv. car'bo, onis. m. carbo'nas, atis. /. (see p. 140). carbure'tum, i. n. cardami'ne, es. /. napSa- uivn. cardamo'mum, i n. xap- Sdpwuov. ca'rica, ae./ caca'o. An Indian word ; caca'o (Spanish). cac'tus, i. m. k&ktos. cad'mium, ii. n. cajupu'ti, indec. cal'abcr, abra, um) Cala- calabri'nus, a, um5 brian. 146 PROSODIACAL VOCABULARY. caro'ta, ae./. car'thamus, i. m. carophylla'tus, a, um. ca'rui. Altered from carum. ca'rum, i. n. caryophyl'lum, i. n. A clove. icapv6. caryophyl'lus, i. m. A clove tree. cascaril'la, ae./. ca'seum, i. n. cas'sia, ae./. cas'tor, oris. m. Kaarup, opog. castor'eum, i. n. castor'eus, a, um. cataplas'ma, atis. tcard- ■nkaapa. catapu'tia, ae./. cat'echu, indecl. (see p. 132). cathar'ticus, a, um. cathartocar'pus, i. m. ad- daipw, 1 purge ; and icap- n6s, fruit. caute'rium, ii. n. ce'pa, ae./ cebadil'la, ae./. The dimi- nutive of cebada (Spa- nish), barley. centaure'a, ae./ centauri'um, i. n. cephae'lis vel cephaelis./. ce'ra, as./. cer'asus, i./ cera'tum, i. n. cera'tus, a, um. cer'bera, ae. /. A poetic name, derived from Cer1- befus, i. m. the three- headed dog in the in- fernal regions. cer'ebrum, i. n. cerus'sa, as./. Kvpvcraa. cer'vus, i. m. ceta'ceum, i. n. cerevi'sia, ae. /. also cer- vi'sia. cetra'ria, ae. /. chal'ybs, chal'ybis. m. chamaeme'lum, i. n. xa/iac- p.)i\ov. che'lae, arum, pl.f. XiM- chelidon'ium, i. n. xtXi'iM- VIOV. chenopod'ium, i. n. %fiv, Xi"6i, a goose ; and ttovs, noids, afoot. chimaphlla, ae. /. From XcTpa, winter ; and T\eoi, 1 love. chi'os. i./. xt°s- chiret'ta, as./. chiro'nia, ae. /. From Xeiptov. chi'us, a, um. chlo'ridum, i. n. (see chlo- rinium). chlorina'tus, a, um. chlorin'ium, i. n. From ^Xtopc5s, pale green. chocola'ta, as./. chon'drus, i. m. x^vSpo;. cicho'rium, i. n. Kixvpiov. cicu'ta, ae./. cincho'na, as./. PROSODIACAL VOCABULARY. 147 cinnab'ari, indecl. n. and cinnab'aris, is. /. Kiwd- 0Spi. cinnamo'mum, i. n. Kiwd- ucipov. cissam'pelos, kutcS;, ivy; and a/iTTsXos, a vine. ci'tras, atis. / (see p. 140.) cit'ricus, a, um. cit'rinus, a, um. cit'rus, i./. Kirpov. cla'vus, i. m. clys'ter, eris. m. /cXiio-r^p. coag'ulum, i. n. coccin'eus, a, um. coc'cus, i. m. k6kko;. coc'culus, i. m. Diminu- tive of coccus. co'cos./ From k&kkos (?). codei'a, ae./. icuSeia. col'chicum, i. n. (see p. 132). ko\xik6v. colco'thar. colly'rium, i. n. colocyn'this, idis. /. ko\o- Kvvdis, idog. colopho'nia, ae. /. ko\o- ficovia. Q'tea,a3./. Kokvria. commu'nis, e. conl'um, i. n. (see p. 138), not co'nium. Kutvtiov. contrajer'va, ae./ copa'iba, ae./. The Brazi- lian name of the tree. copaif'era. From copaiba; and fero, 1 bear. coral'lium, i. n. nopdWiov. cordifol'ius, a, um. corian'drum, i. n. Kopiav- vov. cor'nu, indecl. in the sing.; comua, pi. n. cor'tex, icis. double gend. corymbo'sus, a, um. cotyle'don, onis. /. From KoruXrj, a hollow vessel or cup. cre'rnor, oris. m. crena'tus, a, um. creaso'ton. From xpsa;, flesh; and pL$z{ia, cu'cumis, is. m. cucur'bita, ae. / cucurbit'Qla, as./ cumi'num, i. n. cu'prum, i. n. From kv- npog. cur'cQma, as./. cuspa'ria, ae./. From cms- pare or cuspa, South American names. cyan'idus, a, um. From xvavos, a blue substance. cyanogen'ium, i. n. From Kvavo;, blue ; and yewdco, Iproduce. cydo'nia, ae./. The quince tree. Kviiovia. cydo'mum, i. n. The quince. KvSdviOV. cymi'num, i. n. Kvpiivov. 148 PROSODIACAL VOCABULARY. cynos'baton, i. n.; and cy- nos'batos, i. m. kvv6;- fiarov. cynan'chum, i. n. From Kviav, kw6;, a dog; and ayxto, I strangle. cype'rus, i. m. Kirreipog. CyflSUS, i. n. Kirtaog. daph'ne, es.f. datu'ra, ae./. dau'cus, i. m. decoc'tum, i. n. delphi'nium, i. n. isX^iviov. destilla'tus, a, um. di. From Us, twice or dou- bled. A prefix to the names of some chemical compounds. It signifies that the base is doubled. diachylon, i. n. Almost universally pronounced diach'ylon, but more cor- rectly diachylon. From <5jos. elat'erin, indecl. n. elate'rium, i. n. tXar/jpiov (SC. (pdppaKOv). electua'rium, i. n. el'emi, indecl. elemif'erus, a, um. el'ephas, antis. m. en'ema, atis. n. ergo'ta, ae./. eri'ca, ae./ erina'ceus, a, um. errhi'num, i. n. Ippivov. erythrae'a, ae./ esculen'tus, a, um. eucalyp'tus, i./. From cv, well ; and naXmria, 1 cover (as with a lid). euge'nia, as./ euphor'bia,ae./ The plant which yields euphor- bium. euphor'bium, i. n. cieet. glycyrrhi'za, as. /. yXvirt- ppi(,a. grana'tus, a, um. gra'num, i. n. grati'ola, ae. /. grave'olens, ntis. guaia'cum, i. n. gum'mi. indecl. n. gyp'sum, i. n. yvipo$. haematox'ylon,i. n. From alfia, blood; and \v'\ov, wood. hebraden'dron, i. From kfipaTos, Hebrew ; and ihSpov, a tree. hed'era, ae. /. helen'ium, i. n. helleb'orus, i. m. helo'nias./. From IXog, a marsh. hemides'mus, i. m. From rj/iio-uj, half; and itap.6i, a bond. he'par, atis. n. hepat'icus, a, um. hermodac'tylus, i. m. lp- poiaKTvXog. hi'era, ae./. hirii'do, inis. /. hor'deum, i. n. hyber'nus, a, um. hydrar'gyrum, i. n. vSpdp- yvpog. hy'dras, atis (see p. 140). hydrio'das, atis (see p. 140). 150 PROSODIACAL VOCABULARY. hydrochlo'ras, atis (see p. 140). hydrochlo'ricus, a, um. hydrocyan'icus, a, um. hydrogen'ium, i. n. From vSoip, water ; and yewdia, 1 beget. hydrosul'phas, atis (see p. 140). byoscy'amus, i. m. voa- KvSpog. hyper'icum, i. n. hysso'pus, i. m. jala'pa, ae./. FromXaldpa, the name of a province in South America. jani'pha, ae./ From Jani- pdba, a Brazilian word. jat'ropha (iat'ropha), ae. / From tarpon, a remedy ; and ipayeTv, to eat. juju'ba, ae. /. junlp'erus, i. / ichthyo'colla, ae. /. i'cica, ae. /. Idea, a South American word. ilex, Ilicis. /. lllic'ium, i. n. impu'rus, a, um. in'dicus, a, um. infecto'rius, a, um. infla'tus, a, um. infu'sio, onis./ infu'sum, i. in'tybus, i. m. in'Qla, ae. /. i'ris, is vel idis. /. iodin'ium, i. n. From to- dri;, violet coloured. io'dldum, i. n. ipecacuan'ha, ae. /. lpi- cad-goine, a Brazilian word. ipomae'a, ae./ isa'tis, idis./. islan'dicus, a, um. kali, indecl. n. ki'no, indecl. krame'ria, ae. /. lae'rhyma, ae. /. lactu'ea, ae. /. lactuca'rium, i. n. la'danum, i. lam'ium, i. n. lanceola'tus, a, um. lancifolius, a, um. langs'dorf, fii. m. lap'athum, i. n. lath'yris. Xddvpn;. lauda'num, i. Commonly pronounced laud'anum. lavan'diila, ae. /. laure'ola, ae./ lau'rus, us vel i. /. legu'men, Inis. n. lentis'cus, i. /. leon'todon, i. m. From \itov, a lion ; and dSov;, a tooth. li'chen, enis. 771. lilium, i. n. lig'num, i. n. lv'max, acis. /. limet'ta, ae. /. PROSODIACAL VOCABULARY. 151 limo'nes, um. m. Lemons. limo'num,i. n. The lemon tree. li'num, i. n. liquldam'bar. n. llthar'gyrum, i. n. XxOdp- yvpo;. li'quor, oris. m. lit'mus, i. m. lol'Ium, i. n. lobelia, ae. / lon'gus, a. um. lumbrl'cus, i. n. lupl'nus, i. m. lu'pulus, i. m. lute'olus, a, um. lu'teus, a, um. lyc'Ius, a, um. lycopod'ium, i. n. XvkottS- Stov. lyt'ta, ae. /. lyth'rum, i. n. From Xv- Qpov, gore. ma'cer, mac'eris. Mace. macula'tus, a, um. ma'cis, macidis. /. ma'cis, is. m. Mace. macroceph'alus, a, um. From paKpdg, long ; and iceQaXri, the head. magiste'rium, i. n. mag'nes, etis. m. From \ndyvqq. magne'sia, ae. /. magne'slum, i. n. magnet'Icus, a, um. magnolia, ae. /. majora'na, ae./. malague'ta, ae. /. From Malaguette, the Portu- guese name for a country in Africa. malicor'ium, i. n. mal'va, ae./. mandrag'ora, ae. m. mangane'sium, i. n. man'na, ae./ maran'ta, ae./. marit'imus, a, um. marilan'dlcus, a, um. mar'mor, oris. n. marrub'ium, i. n. mars, mar'tis. m. mas, ma'ris. m. mas'tiche, es.f. matrica'ria, ae. / meco'nicus, a, um. ixnicoj- Vlic6;. meco'nine, indecl. From pfiKwv, a poppy ; jinicuviov, opium. med'Icus, a, um. medicinalis, e. mel, mellis. n. melampod'Ium. utXapm6- itov. melaleu'ca, as. /. From ftsXaj, black ; and Xevntis, white. mellif'icus, a, um. melo, onis. m. menisper'mum, i. n. From pfivn, the moon ; and o-n-ep- pa, seed. men'tha, as. /. 152 PROSODIACAL VOCABULARY. menyanth'es. /. From pfi- vn, the moon ; and avdog, a flower. mercurlalis. lis./. meze'reum, ei. n. millep'eda, ae./. mindere'rus, i. tn. mln'Ium, i. n. mi'nor, us. mi'nus, a, um. momor'dlca, ae./. mor'phla, ae. /. From Mor- pheus, the god of sleep. mo'rum, i. n. A mulberry. mo'rus, i. /. A mulberry- tree. moscha'tus, a, um. moschiferus, a, um. mos'chus, i. m. mucu'na, ae./. mucila'go, inis./ muriat'icus, a, um. mu'rlas, atis. /. (see p. 140). myris'tlca, ae. /. myris'tlcus, a, um. myrr'ha, ae./. myrosper'mum, i. n. From ptvpov, perfume ; and airip- fia, seed. myr'tus, i. / myrox'ylon, i. n. From pvpov, perfume; and £u- Xov, wood. napellus, i. m. nephro'dium, i. n. From vt 122.—Prsetermit. mist, salin. 123.—Cap. Tinct. Opii gtt. xxx hora somni et repet. omnia 3tia hora perst. dol. et spasm. 124.—R Tinct. Castor. 3ij Tinct. Serpent. 3ij Aq. Piment. 3ij M. Cap. cochl. modicum, 4tis horis, aggredient. feb. 125.—iR Inf. Sennse giv - Magn. Sulph. 3j M. Ex hac mist, primo die, cochl. j alt. die, duo, et sic deinceps propinent. 126.—R Sarsap. Rad. Zingib. Rad. contuss. aa gss Sassaf. Rad. concis. 3j 172 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. Coque leni igne in Aquse font. Oiv, ad dimid. con- sumpt. ut fiat decoct, cujus bibat f^viij modice tepefac. post bolum, et mane repet. in lecto ad dia- phores. ciend. 127.—R Acidi Sulph. dil. 3ss Syr. Rhosad. 3ij Tinct. Card. 3ij Fiat mist, cujus sum. cochl. min. sext. horis, in quovis vehic. grat. 128.—R Sp. Ammon. Arom. 3j Tinct. Card, gij Tinct. Castor. 3j Aq. Puleg. 3iv Sum. oppriment. lang. cochl. ampl. ij. 129.—R Tinct. Castor. Tinct. Myrrh, aft 3j Mist. Amygd. gvj Syr. Croci 3j M. Sum. cochl. iv ampl. mane, merid. et hora somni, ad biduum vel triduum; quo elaps. et uno tantum die interject, sum. potion, emet. sequent. mane, superbibend. Inf. Flor. Anthem, q. s. ad vomitiones quater aut quinquies proritand. cum debito regimine. ISO.—R Vin. Ipecac. 3j Antim. Potassio-Tart. gr. ij M. et fiat potio. ^ 131.—R Sodse Tart, gss 0 Tinct. Rhei gss Syr. comm. 3ij Aq. Piment. 3vj Fiat mist, cujus cap. seger cochl. iij magn. omni bihorio donee alvus purgetur. MIXTURES, ETC. 173 132.—R Aq. pluv. gij Antim. Potassio-Tart. gr. iij Solve; hujus danda sunt cochl. ij medioc. sing. horse quadrant, donee vomitus sequatur. 133.—R Inf. Sennae gvj Tinct. Sennse 3ss Magn. Sulph. 3j Fiat mist, cujus cap. seger cochl. ij magn. bis terve in hora, donee adsit catharsis. 134.—R Catech. 3ss Aq. pur. gxij Coque ad 3yj; stent donee fseces subsid. liquoris part, limpid, caute effund. 135.—R Decoct. Aloes 3vj Sodse Sulph. gss Fiat mist, cujus sum. seger cochl. ij ordin. secunda quaque hora, donee ample purg. 136.—R Acid. Nitric. 3j Aq. destill. 3 xij Syr. Aurant. giss Fiat mist, quotidie sumend. ope tubuli vitrei, par- titis haust. 137.—Cap. seger 3ss Inf. Sennse pro dos. ex cyath. parv. decoct, hord. 138.—Cup. seger cyath. vinos, parv. Inf. Gentian. secunda, quaque hora. 139.—R Magn. Carb. 3ss Pulv. Rhei 3j Aq. Piment. gvj M. Sumant. cochl. iij magn. post unamquamque sed. moll, vitro prius concusso. 15* 174 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 140.—R Sodse Potassio-Tart. gvj Aq. Cinnam. gij Fiat sol. duabus vicibus sumend. 141.—R Inf. Quass. gvj Magn. Sulph. gj Fiat mist, de qua cap. seger cochl. j ampl. bis terve in die. 142.—R Tinct. Opii gj Mucilag. Acac. gvj Sp. .Ether. Nitr. 3ij M. Bibat cochl. iij subinde, urgent, strangur. aut. in lang. 143.—Repet. mist. p. r. n. si opus erit, ad vom. sedand. 144.—R Tinct. Opii gj Syr. Papav. gij Aq. Menth. gvj M. Sum. gj omni semihora, donee dolor mitescat. 145.—R Tinct. Hyoscyam. 3ij Tinct. Castor, gij Syr. Rhcead. gj Aq. pur. giv M. Sum. 3ij omni hora, si non dormiat. 146.—R Magn. Subcarb. 3ss Tinct. Gentian. 3iij Syr. Aurant. 3iv Aq. Piment. giv M. Cap. seger, acid, infestant. cochl. ajppl. j vel alt. ex poculo jus. bovini. 147.—R Ras. Corn. Cerv. 3j Aq. Oiv Coque ad oct. ij dein liquori colato, adde, Sacch alb. quod satis est, et ad us. serv. DRAUGHTS. ETC. 175 148.—R Inf. Sennos gvj Sodse Sulph. gss Syr. Rhainni 3ij Fiat mist, Detur imprimis gj et interpos. tribus vel quatuor hor. cochlear, exhib. si fuerit opus, et post ij alias horas repet. dos. si alvus antea non mov. CHAPTER IV. FORMS FOR DRAUGHTS, ETC. 149.—R Magn. Sulph. gij Inf. Sennse gj Syr. Rhamni gj M. fiat haust. in jus. calid. partitis vicibus sumend. 150.—R Inf. Gentian, gj Tinct. Cardamom, gj Fiat haust. quern seger sum. tribus ante prand. horis. 1-31.— R Inf. Sennse gj Sum. p. r. n. postea augend, minuend, quant, prout sedes pauc. pluresvc prom. 152.—R Sp. either. Nitr. gtt. xx Liq. Ammon. Acet. gij Aq. Menth. gj Fiat mist, salin. cujus cap. cochl. parv. omni hora, cursu noct. 153.—R Pot. Carb. 9j Aq. Dest. gx Aq. Cinnam. gij Syr. gj 176 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. M. Fiat haust. cui temp, capiend. adde succi limon. recent, cochl. magn. j et in efferv. sum. 154.—R Antim. Potassio-Tart. gr. ss AQ- Pur. gj M. ut fiat haust. statim sumend. et rep. post horas ij, si non antea ventriculus emet. rejecerit, vel si alvus non laxata fuerit. 155.—R Tinct. Lavand. Co. gj Mist. Camph. gij M. et fiat haust. sexta, quaque hora sumend. si aderit vel spasma vel pulsus languor. 156.—Perst. in usu haust. nocturn. heri pros- script. 157.—Sit in promptu, haust. cum Vin. Colch. gj, hora, somni sumend. si redintegraverit malum arthritic, vel involverint vigilise inter noctem. 158.-—Rep. porr6 haust. inter noctem cum Tinct. Opii, si vigilise involverint, vel increbuerit tussis. 159.— R Acid. Nitric, dil. gss Sp. ^Ether. Nitr. giij Tinct. Hyoscyam. gij Aq. pur. Oij Syr. q. s. ad acorem compescend. et gust, conciliand. Sum. quotidie instar potus, et bibat quantum sitis exigat. 160.—Sum. segrotus omni mane, si possit gviii lact. asin. pro. jent. " ' 161.—Cap. seger haust. cathart. proxima luce nav. conscend.; et si post navigation, vom super- ven. bibat seger spiritus alicujus paululum aq commixt. ^' DRAUGHTS, ETC. 177 162.—R Pulv. Had. Ipecac, gr. x Antim. Potassio-Tart. gr. j Aq. destill. fgiss M. fiat haust. hora nona niatutina sumend. Vo- mitu supervenient, bibat teger, vicibus rcpetitis, Inf. Anthem, aliquot cyath. Vomitu finito, cap. pulv. sudorif. 163.—R Inf. Sennss giss Pot. Tart, gss Tinct. Cinnam. Co. fgij Ex his fiat haust. summo mane deglutiend. Rep. idem, tertio quoque die. 164.—R Tinct. Opii gtt. xx Syr. cujusvis fgj Mist. Camph. f3j M. Cap. osger haustul. hujusmodi, singulis nocti- bus, hora solita. 165.— R Tinct. Castor, gtt. x Sp. ,Ethcr. Nitric, gtt. xv Pot. Nitrat. gr. vj Aq. Piment. gj M. Fiat haust. in promptu habend. et urgent. febris paroxysm, sumend. ICt;.—Sum. seger omni mane guttas ix acid, sulph. dil. ex jure vitulino. 1C7.—r Sainb. cort. interior, manip. j Incoquatur in Aq. Oij ad Oj. Decoct, hujus alt. medietas mane, alt. sero quotidie, assumatur, donee teger convalesc. 168.—Sum. Tinct, Opii guttas xx in vehiculo, calido convenient. 169.—R Pulv. Pad. Ipecac. 9j Aq. Menth. gj 178 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. M. Fiat haust. emet. Potione copiosa pur. aq. tepefact. vomitio bene provocetur. 170.—R Inf. Gentian Co. gj Potas. Brom. gr. v Fiat haust. mane et hora quarta pomeridiana po- tand. 171.—R 01. Ricini gj Pot. Carb. gr. vj Aq. Piment. gj Fiat secund. art. mist, pro j dosi quamprimum sumend. 172.—R Tinct. Opii gtt. xv. Syr. Croci gj Aq. Menth. Virid. gj M. fiatque haust. somno deficient, bibend. 173.— R Tinct. Myrrh, gss Sp. ^Ether. Nitr. 3j Syr. Tolut. gj Aq. Piment. gij M. et fiat mist, de qua cap. gj si vel languores, vel horrores conting. 174.—Cap. acid, sulph. dil. guttas x, vel numero sufficientes ad moderatam aciditatem in sing, seli- bris decoct, hord. 175.—Sequent, auror. sum. ol. ricini quantum satis sit ad alvum solvend. 176.—Sum. seger vin. antim. guttas xx, quarta quinta, vel sexta quaque hora, nausea non tamen excitand. 177.—R Cupri Sulph. gr. x. Aq. Menth. sat. gj Syrupi simpl. 3j DRAUGHTS, ETC. 179 Fiat haust. quando venenum in ventriculum recep- tum est, sumend. 178.—Bibat Inf. Sem. Lini ad lib. 179.—R Rad. Sarsap. gij Cort. Ulmi gss Aq. pur. Oij Coque ad Oiss, cola, et sign, decoct, quod. cap. ut ante. 180.—R Inf. Quass. 3j Tinct. Gentian. 3j M. Fiat haust. mane, iterumque hora ante pran- dium, stornacho vacuo, sumend. 181.—R Tinct. Opii. gtt. xv Aq. Menth. Sat. gj Syr. Aurant. 3j M. Fiat haust. hora somni, vel vespert. vel sera nocte sumend. 182.—R Pot. Curb. 9j Syr. Croci 3j Aq. Menth. Pip. gj M. Fiat haust. cum succi limon. cochl. j ampl. in impctu ipso efferv. sumend. 183.—R Tinct. Jalap, gss Inf. Sennse Co. gj Magn. Sulph. gij M. Fiat haust. secundis horis sumend. donee, alv. ' plene solut. sit. Mitte tales iv. 184.—Contin. haust. nuperrime prasscrip. 185.—R Liq. Ammon. Acet. gj Sp. ^Ether. Nitr. gss Tinct. Opii gtt. xv Aq. pur. gij 180 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. M. Fiat haust. quarta, quaque hora capiend. Ut effectus sodorif. augeatur, adde sing, haust. An- tim. Potassio-Tart. gr. \. 186.—R Tinct. Castor gss ----Serpent, gtt. x Sp. Ammon. Arom. gtt. xv Aq. Piment. gj M. Fiat haust. si vigilia increb. aut dolor capitis redintegr. sumend. 187.—Perdomito symptomate, mane et sero. ad dies paucul. contin. usus haust. 188.—Contin. haust. effervescent., sicut jamjam paratum. 189.—Cochl. j Tinct. Lavand. comp. per se pro- pinari possit, bis vel ter durant. paroxysm, hora dimidia vel integra interpos. 190.—R Decoct. Sarsap. Co. Oj (fgxx) Potas. Iod. gj Sumat. pocul (giv) bis terve indies. 191.—R Tinct. Opii gtt. xx Mist. Cret. 3J Fiat haust. navem ingressur. sumend. 192.—R Magn. Sulph. gj Acid. Sulph. dil. gtt. x Syr. Rhcead, gj Aq. Menth. Pip. gj M. Fiat haust. cras primo mane sumend. et. rep. tertiis vel quartis horis, ad alvum solvend. 193.—R Mist. Cret. gj Syr. Croci gij M. Fiat haust. quarta quaque hora sumend donee paroxysmi non discrucient. instilland. alt. vicibus si diarrhoea adfuerit, Tinct. Opii guttas ij vel iij ' DRAUGHTS, ETC. 181 191.—R Tinct. Calumb. gij Acid. Sulph. dilut. gtt. xv Aq. Cinnam. gj Syr. Rhosad. gij M. Fiat haust. quarta quaque hora sumend. et tempore usus, adde sing, si opus fuerit, ad prseca- vend. diarrhoeam, Tinct. Opii gtt. iij. 195.—R Inf. Digital, giij ----Gentian- Co. giv Syr. Croci gj M. Fiant haust. vj. Sum. j 6tis horis, per spatium nycthemeri si vires permit. 196.— R Inf. Calumb. giss Potas. Hydriod. gr. v. Syr. Aurant. gij M. Fiat haust. meridie et hora quinta pomeridiana sumend. per septim. integram, vel ulterius si opus fuerit. 197.—R Bals. Copaib. giij Mist. Acac. gvj Liq. Pot. giss Syr. Aurant. gss Aq. Dest. givss M. Capiat cochl. ij vel iij quart, horis. 198.—R Bal. Copaib. part, ij Liq. Pot. part, iij Aq. Dest. part, vij Coque per quadrant, horse, et tunc adde Sp. JEther. Nitr. part, j Stet per horas ij vel iij. Capiat a?ger, liquoris limpid, supernat., cochl. med. j ter die. 16 182 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 199.—R Bals. Copaib. gss Vitell. j Ovi Sacch. puri gj His bene subactis terend. adde paulatim Aq. Menth. Virid. gvj ut fiat emulsio. 200. — R Calomel, gr. iij Conf. Opiat. gr. vj M. ft. bol. statim sumend. Vesp. nisi prius bis saltem dejec. alv. cap. 01. Ricin. gss vel q. s. ad alv. solvend. Alv. hisce medicam. libere solut. incip. sum. haust. sequent. Liq. Amm. Acet. gss Aq. Cinnam. gj Vini Antim. gtt. xv Syr. Pap. alb. gj. M. ft. haust. Feb. die xxiij. 201.—Repet. remedia olim. (penult.) proescrip. non noviss. instit. Si alv. adstrict. fuerit magnes. vitriol, augeat. ut alv. satis solut. fuerit. Mart. xjmo. 202.—R Inf. Senn. giss Mannse gss f Tinct. Jalap, gj. M. Cap. cochl. larg. j. hora 3f'* quaque, donee sed. tres vel quatuor pro- cur. R Lin. Ammon. gvj Ung. Hydr. fort. gj. M. Ft. linim. cerv. et scapul omni noct. et mane, manu calid. assidue applicand., superimpon. pann. Ian. eodem imbut. Et post operat. Mist. Senn. ad usum Mist. Antim. in prompt, confug. Nov. xxivt0. POWDERS, PILLS, ETC. 183 203.—R Guaiac. lign. ras. gj Sassafras rad. gss Aq. destill. ft ij Coq. igne leni ad ft j sub fin. coction. addr. Glycyrrh. rad. cont. 3ij et cola; cujus cap. coch. iij ampl. ter quotidie. Oct. x°. CHAPTER V. FORMS FOR POWDERS, PILLS, ETC. 204.—Prosit forsan dare segro, lectum ituro, pulv. hydrarg. chlor. gr. v. 20").—U Coecinell. 9j Sodii Chlorid. 3ij M. Fiat pulv. Detur cochl. dimid. pro dos. em- pore matutin. 206.—R Pulv. Jalap, gij Hydrarg. Chlor. gss M. Dent. gr. xij ad xxiv, quando alvi ductione opus sit. 207.—R Magn. Carb. 3ss Foenic. Sem. Sacch. purif. 5a gj Tcrant. in Pulv. Dos. quantum cultri apice capi potest, ssepius in die. 20S—R Hydrarg. Chlor. gj Conf. Ros. quantum satis sit. Contunde in mass, et divide in pil. xxx. Sumatur j bis indies, ut cieatur ptyalismus modicus. 184 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 209.—Augeatur dos. Pulv. Jacob, ver. ad gr. vj. 210.—R Hydrarg. Oxyd. Rubr. gr. j Opii tertiam grani part. Caryoph. 01. gtt. j Fiat pil. hora, somni per hebdom. sumend. 211.—R Myrrh. Gum. Resin. 3ss Sacch. puri gss Tere simul in pulv. Dos. gj ter quaterve indies, e quovis liquore idoneo. 212.—R Pulv. Opii gr. iij Ext. Glycyrrh gr. viij Fiant pil. ij nocte sumend. ad vicem secund. 213.—R Capsic. Sem. contrit. gr. vj Lauri Bacc. 9ij M. Fiat pulv. dividend, in iij part, sequales ; quarum prima portio sumatur, incipient, primore rigore; secunda, postridie eadem hora; tertia ver6 tertio die. 214.—R Conf. Opii 9j P. r. n. sum. si diarrhoea permaneat. 215.—R Extr. Colocynth. Co. gj Hydrarg. Chlor. gr. xij Fiat massa in pil. xij. dividend. Cap. summo mane iij, et postea ij, si alvus, horis sex, non satis dejecerit. 216.—R Pulv. Rhei 9j Hydrarg. Chlor. gr. v Syr. Althsese q. s. ut fiat bolus, hora somni sumend. et alt. noctibus repetend. ad ij vel iij vices. 217.—R Extr. Cicut. gss Fiant pil. xv in pulv. cicut. involvend. Mitte in chartacea pyxide. POWDERS, PILLS, ETC. 185 218.—R Extr. Colocynth. gss Pulv. Scam. 9j Hydrarg. Chlor. gr. xij M. Fiant pil. xij ; quarum cap. j nocte, quoties alvus fuerit justo adstrictior. 219.—R Ext. Elat. gr. ss ----Colocynth Co. gr. v 01. Essent. .Menth. Pip. gutt. j In pil. confidant, cras mane deglutiend. iterumque mane perendino. 220.—Ad nauseam supprimend. bibat seger sp. alicujus paululum aqua commixt. 221.—R Cort. Cinch. Pulv. gr. xv ad gij Cap. e cyath. vini generosissimi horas quadrantis ad horas iv, intervallo, ita ut soger sum. gvj ad minim., inter ij paroxysm. 222.—R Extr. Elat, gr. ij Sacch. purif. gj Opt. terant. simul, dein in pulv. viij sequales divi- dunt., quorum cap. a?ger j omni horse quadrante, donee adsit catharsis. 223.—R Aceip. vespere. Jalap. Pulv. gr. xv Hydrarg. Chlor. gr. v Conterant. in molem syrupo simpl. ut fingantur glo- buli iij ajquales. 224.—R Sodso Curb, exsicc. gj Sap. dur. yiv 01. Junip. gtt. xx Syr. Zingib. q. s. ut fiat massa, in pilulas xxx dividend, e quibus cap. iij indies, contra calculos renum. 16* 186 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 225.—R Pulv. Jalap, gij Hydrarg. Chlor. gr. xxiv M., et in pulv. xij divide, quorum cap. ij vel iij ut necesse sit ad sedes. 226.—R Pot. Sulphat. gij In semipoc. aq. tepid, solut., cum guttis xx Tine. Digital, sumend. 227.—R Pulv. Cinch, gj Sit pulv., secundis horis, in cyath. lactis, absente paroxysmo, sumend. 228.—Sumant. Pulv. Calumb. gr. x sing auror. ex pulte. 229.—R Pulv. Nitr. Pot. ----Pot. Sulphat. ail gr. xv Fiat pulv., in promptu habend., et urgent, paroxysmo sumend. 230.—R Pulv. Jalap, gj Scammon. yj Hydrarg. Chlor. gr. xx Syr. Simpl. q. s. Utfiat massa, in pil. xx dividend., e quibus capiant. ij, ad alvum officii immemorem excitand. 231.—R Pot. Nitr. gr. xx Sacch. alb. gij Mucilag. Acac. q. s. ut fiat massa, in trochisc. xij distribuend. quorum j detineatur sub linguam, donee liquesc. 232.—R Querc. Cort. 3ss Anthem. Flor. exsicc. 9j Tere simul in pulv., alt. vel tertiis horis, durant. apyrexia, sumend. POWDERS, PILLS, ETC. 187 233.—R Zinci Sulph. gr. xij Aq. pur. giij Sumatur tertia pars, ter die, augend, dos. si opus sit, et si ferat ventriculus. 234.—R Ext. Cannab. Ind. gr. v Vespere ante somnum sumend. 235. —R Extr. Colocynth. gj Fiant pil. xij. Sumat j, sextis horis, donee com- mode purgetur. 236.—R Pulv. Ipecac, gr. xxv Antim. Potassio-Tart. gr. j Fiat pulv. emet.: ex pauxillo alicujus liquoris idonei hauriatur, et vom. mot. superbibant. cyathi aliquot inf. anthem, tepidi. 237.—R Pulv. Cinch, giij Divide in partes xij, capiat j, secunda vel tertia quaque hora, ex cyatho parvo lact. vaccin. recent. absente febre. 238.—R Conf. Rosa- gr. x Hydrarg. Chlor. gr. vj Fiat bolus, hora somni qualibet nocte sumend. ; mane sequent, post quintam vel sextam assump- tionem, bibat potionem purgant. comm. i 239.—R Pil. Aloes cum Myrrh, gj Fiant pil. xij quse obruantur pulv. glycyrrhiz. 240.—R Pulv. Digital, gr. iij ----Glycyrrhiz. gr. xx M. In pulv. iij, ha?c quant, dividend, est. Partitio fiat exactissima. 241.—R Extr. Papav. gr. x Fiant pil. ij quarum cap. j statim, et alt. post horas iij, si vomitus perstiterit. 188 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTION*. 242.—R Ferri Sesquiox. gvj In vj partes divid., quarum j ter de die exhibend. et per plures dies continuand. 243.—R Pil. Hydrarg. gr. x Fiant. pil. ij. Devoret seger j bis in die, hora, decima, et horii, secunda. 244.—R Pulv. Scammon. $j ----Rhei.gr. x Hydrarg. Chlorid. gr. iv M. Fiat pulv. purg. extemplo in pulpa pomi tosti sumend. 245.—Dentur Rad. Ipecac, in pulv. subtillis- simum tritse gr. iij vel v diluculo, sing, vel alt. diebus. 246.—Sumantur, Filicis Rad. in pulv. tritas gij vel iij e cyatho aq. menth. primo dilucul6. Elapsis duabus horis, devoretur bolus ex hydrarg. submur. gr. v vel vj et cambogise gr. viij vel x; assumpto subinde haustulo inf. these virid. 247.—R Ferri Sulph. gss Assafoet. gij Cum mucilag. acac. tantillo subige in massam, divi- dendam in pil. sing. gr. iv pendentes. 248.—R Antim. Potassio-Tart. gr. iv Pulv. fol. Digit, gr. x Conf. Ilosaj q. s. ut fiat massa in pilu- las xx dividenda. Initio sumat seger pil. j pro dosi, mane ac nocte, postea ij dein iij et denique augeatur dosis, quantum fieri potest. 249.— R Extr. Gentian, gr. x Fiat bolus, detur jejuno stornacho. POWDERS, PILLS, ETC. 189 250.—R Pulv. Aloes gj ---- Myrrh, gss M. Cap. gr. x ter die. Dosis sensim augenda est, donee gj in die sumatur. 251.—Sum. quantum cuspide cultri capi potest, Pulv. Rhei, in cochl. lactis sacch. vel in melle. 252.—Sum. seger, gj Pulv. Cineh. ante paroxys- mum ingredient. 253.—R Hydrarg. Binox. gr. xij Conf. Rosso q. s. ut fiant pil. xij. Sumat seger pil. ter in die, donee dentes vacillare incipiant. Dosis ab initio a pil. j ad ij vel iij semper dosin augendo. 254.—R Pulv. Cinch. 3j ----Zingib. gr. x M. Sum. seger ante tempus redeuntis paroxysmi, ter in septimana, huncce pulv. pro dosi. 255.—Sum. segra, in lecto composita, pil. Opii, superbibendo hordei aq. calid. 256.—R Gum. Ammon. gss Pulv. Rhei 9j Syr. simpl. q. s. ut fiant pil. xx. Cap. per duas noctes, iv, et intermittat tertiam noctem ; et sic pergat donee totum sumpserit. 257. — k Antim. Sesquiox. gj Nitrat. Pot. gj Pulv. Ipecac, co. gss Misccantur, et fiat pulv. tenuiss. in vii partes itfquales separand. quarum j sing, horis ingeratur. 258.—llep. pulv. hesterno die praescript. eodemque modo sumantur. 190 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 259.—R Cret. praep. gj Pulv. Ipecac, gr. vj M. et fiat pulv. in chartul. ij sequaliter dividend. quarum cap. j horis octavis; et temporibus inter- mediis, si pulsus sit creber, et fortis, bib. cochl. ij, mist. seq. 260.—R Extr. Colocynth. gj Pulv. Scammon. 3ss M. fiant pil. xx quarum ij deglutiantur, hora de cubitus ; diluculo ut infra. R Inf. Sennse 3j 261.—R Hydrarg. Chlor. gr. xij Conf. Rosse. q. s. Ut fiant pil. xij. quarum sum. j post coenam: mane et pomeridie sum. haust. purg. 262.—R Zinci Sulph. $ss Pulv. Ipecac, gr. xv Fiat pulv. emet. statim sumend. Finita vomitorii operatione cap. subinde, cochl. ij mist. purg. 263.—R Pulv. Digital, gr. ss ----Acac. 9j Fiat pulv. 4tis horis sumend. segra interim conqui- escente, et caput immotum tenente. 264.—R Hydrarg. c. Creta gr. x Pulv. Tragacanth. T)ss Fiat pulv. statim sumend.; et exhibeatur sequenti luce portio purg. comm. 265.—R Pulv. Pot. Sulphat. gj ----Rhei 9j M. Fiat pulv. in pulmento, vel in poc. seri lact. vinos, sumend. 266.—R Pulv. Cinch. 3ij ----Cinnam. gj POWDERS, PILLS, ETC. 191 M. Fiant. pulv. xij quorum cap. unum quarta quaque bora, superbibendo vini cujuslibet haust. incipiend. immediate post paroxysm. ; interdicto interim enematum usu. 267.—R Kxtr. Hyoscyam. gj Fiant pil. xij quarum sumatur j pro re nata, sub lang. vel singult. 268.—R Sodse Potassio-Tart. giss Cret, prsep. ; ss M. Fiat pulv. in jus. avenae. tenuissimo, sumend. 269.—R Pil. Aloe's c. Myrrh, gij Fiant pil. xxiv, e quibus ingerantur iij. unaquaque. inane ac nocte. 270.—R Hydrarg. Subm. gr. iv Sacch. gr. vj Pulv. Antim. Co. gr. ij. Conterant. Sum. vespere in Gelatina llibesiorum. 271.—R Zinci Sulph. 9j Conf. Cynosbati q. s. ad pil. xx fingend., quae deaurand. sunt. 272.—R Cret. prsep. 9j Fiat pulv., vel addend, syr. zingib., bolus, ad alvum contrahendi mane sumend. 273.—R Pil. Hydrarg. 9ss Divide in ij partes ; sum. j statim, alteram, circa mediam noctem. 274.—R Pulv. Ipecac. 9j Fiat pulv. emet., more solito sumend. Operatione emetici peracta, cap. Pulv. Rhei 9j. 275. —R Pulv. Calumb. gj ----Zingib. gr. xx M. omnia, quae dividant, in vj dos. sequales, per vj 192 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. dies continuos mane sumend. tribus horis ante pas- turn. 276.—R 01. Croton. gtt. xviij Pulv. Glycyrrhizse q. s. ut fiant pil. xxxvj, quarum exhibeantur ij hora decubitus, quandoque alv. nimis solida fuerit, et augeatur seu minuatur dos. pro ratione effect. 277.—R Pulv. Opii gr. j Conf. Rosse gr. iv Fiat bolus vesp. si perst. diarrhoea, vel adsint torm. intestin. capiend. 278.—R Jalap. Rad. pulv. 3j Pot. Bitart. gij Seorsim. ij permisce. Dosis a 3ss ad 3yj mane. 279.—R Extr. Gentian. 3v In pil. Ix dividend. Dosis j vel ij nocte maneque statim post cibum. CHAPTER VI. FORMS FOR LINCTUSES, ETC. 280.—R 01. Tereb. gij Mel. despum. gj M. fiat linct. Dosis cochl. parv., nocte et mane, cum haustu cujusvis potts tenuioris tepefact. 281.—R Conf. Sennse giv Sum. ad nucis juglandis magnitud. LINCTUSES, ETC. 193 282.—R Conf. Rosas gij Tinct. Opii gj Acid. Sulph. dil. gss Fiat electuarium, exacte invicem miscend. 283.—R Conf. Rosas Can. gii Syr. Aurant. gvj 01. Amygd. gj M., et fiat linct. in olla fictili mittend. 284.—R Oxymel. Scill. giij Syr. Papav. gvj Pulv. Tragac. co. gj M. Fiat, linct., cujus lambat seger pauxillum subinde. 285.—R Resin. Guaiac. gj Conf. Rosas gj Syr. Aurant. q. s. ut fiat electuarium, de quo cap. quant, nucis mos- chatse majoris, bis indies. 286.—R Conf. Rosse gij Acid. Sulph. dil. gj M. et fiat linct. ; cap. quant, castaneae, bis in die. 287.—R Conf. Sennse giv Pulv. Pot. Bitart. gss M. et fiat electuarium. Cap. quant, nucis avellan. vel mosch. subinde, vel ter in die paul6 ante pran- dium. 288.—R Pulv. Cinch, gj Pulv. Serpent, giij Syr. simpl. q. s. ut fiat electuarium, quod decedente paroxysm, totum capere debet asger, ante access, feb. sequentum. 17 194 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 289.—R Conf. Sennse gj Fiat linct. sumend. subinde lambendo. Mittatur in narthecio. 290.—R Conf. Rosse gj Alum. pulv. gj M. Impon. parvul. assidua linguae, ut solutum ibi oblinat et sic lente deglutiatur. 291. R Pulv. Uvse Ursi gj Syr. Aurant. q. s. ut fiat* electuarium, debitse spissitud. cujus mol. nucis mosch. bis in die, paulatim delingat. 292.—R Acet. Colch. gij Mel. giv M. et super leni foco, ssepius agitando cochl. lign. coque ad mellis spissitud. Hujus oxymellis, sum. seger cochl. parvul. ter die. 293.—R Menth. Vir. Fol. recent, giv Sacch. purif. gxij Fol. mortar, lapid. contunde, tum adjecto sacch. iterum contunde, donee corp. sit j. 294. R Hujus Conf. 9iv Fiat bolus, statim sumend. et 3tiis horis repetend. urgente segritudine ventriculi. CHAPTER VII. FORMS FOR EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 295.—R Mic. Pan. lb. j Liq. Plumbi Diacet. dil. q. s. ut madescat panis. 296.—R Conii Fol. exsicc. gj EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 195 Coque ex aq. Oijss ad Oij et cola, panni lanei hocce decoct, calido madefact. deinde expressi, parti affectas imponantur, et ssepius renoventur. 297.—Vespere utatur pediluv. tepido. 298.—R Ung. Hydrarg. fort, gj Hujus ung. affricetur 3j femoribus inter, ante focum sing. noct. donee ptyalismus cieatur. 299.—Fricetur corpus, hora decubitus, aut lana vel strigile. 300.—R Pyreth. Rad. contrit. Mastiches. aa gj Fiant lege artis, ad ignem, masticatoria duo, teneat seger saepius in ore, et manducet hujusmodi medi- cament, expuatque salivam. 301.—Suffiet seger fauces ejus cum vapore ex acid, sulph. gss cui primum adjunctse fuerint Chi. Sod. gij. 302.—R Picis liquid, giss Sulphur. Sublim. gss Cer. Flav. gj Lento igne liquefac. ut fiat ung. 303.—R 01. Olivse gj Cer. Alb. gij' M. Fiat liniment, quocum illinantur partes de- nudatse, bis quotidie. 304.—Inhaletur pulmonibus aether, sulph. vapor. ter quotidie. 305.—R Dauci Rad. q. s. Coque in aq. ad aptam moUitiem, in pulp, deinde contunde. 306.—R Liq. Plumbi Acet. dil. Oj. Lintea quadruplicata hocce liquore frigido madefacta, par- tibus, inflamm. applic. et ssepius renov. 196 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 307.—R Magn. Sulph. gj Jur. Aven. Oss 01. Olivae gss vel Butyri quant, juglandis. Misce pro enemate statim injiciend. 308.—Exscindatur pars morsa, et postea appli- cetur vulneri, Pot. Fus. 309.—R Pulv. Asari ----Veratr. aa gj Glycyrrhiz. gij M. Fiat pulv. cujus aliquantillum naribus insuffle- tur ante decubitum, ad sternut. excitand. 310.—Inungatur hypochondrio sinistro, 9j ung. hydrarg. fort. 11a hora ante meridiem, et 4ta post meridiem indies. 311.—R Lap. Calamin. gj Eo conspergantur partes adfectae, sub qualibet de- ligatione. 312.—R Liq. Potassse gj Aq. Destill. gvj M. Hujus liq. tepid, quantum cavo capi potest, quotidie bis injiciatur, in aurem segram supinatam, ac detineatur per aliquot minuta, dein aure prona rursus emittatur. 313.—R Oxyd. Zinci gj Fiat pulv. inclusus sindone rara excutiatur super parte excoriata, prius detersa. 314.—R Cret. prsep. gj In partes excoriatas, ex gossipio asperge. 315.—Admov. parti adfectae, spong. aqua calida imbuta. 316.—Vesica suilla, aq. calida ad dimid. repleta EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 197 admoveatur lateri dolenti: firmetur ligamine, tum super ponatur sacculus arena calidissima plenus, qui frigescens iterum calefiat, aut ei mox substitua- tur alius jam calefact. Continuentur hsec donee dolor remis. 317.—Cataplasma calid. irrorat. prius tantillo Sp. Camph. applicetur cum pannis laneis parti adfect. et vesica suilla oleo madefacta detineatur; renov. quolibet trihorio. 318. — Admoveatur calidum cataplasma, parti affect, cum panno linteo quadruplic. 319.—R Ung. Hydrarg. Nitric. Oxyd. ----Resin aa gss M. Fiat ung. quo leniter inungatur locus adfect. ac dein tegatur emplast. plumbi, super alut. extens. 320.—R Hydrarg. Chlor. gj Adip. Suillae gj M. Super pann. lint, extende, et cuti affect. applica. 321.—Hauriatur vap. calid. ope infundib. in fauces. 322.—R Pulv. Opii gss Ung. Cetacei gj M. Fiat ung. Hujus pauxillo inungatur locus um- bilici subinde; aut magnit. dimid. juglandis nucis, putamine decerpto, eidem loco adponatur. 323.—R Linim. Sap. 3j Liq. Ammon. giv Tinct. Opii 3J M. In languore, aut paroxysmo hysterico illinatur naribus, temporibus, &c. hujus linim. paululum. 17* 198 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 324.—R Hydrarg. Bichlor. gr. x Acid. Hydrochl. gss Aq. Rosse gx M. Tantillo hujus liq. lavent. mane et vespere, partes infest. 325.—R Pulp. Coloc. gj 01. Olivar. gj M. et coque leni igne, donee pulpa torqueri videatur; dein massam adhuc calent. cola, et cum ea illinatur abdom. et prsecipile umbil. regio. 326.—R Zinci Oxyd. gj Aq. Rosse gvtij M. Fiat collyrium, quo concusso imbutum lint. quadruplicat. imponatur oculo adfecto. 327.—R Ung. Hydrarg. Nitrat. gj Cerat. Sapon. gss M. Hujus tantillo illinantur palpebras omni ves- pere, cubitum ituro ope plumse mollis. 328.—R Tinct. Canthar. gss Linim. Sapon. giss M. Fiat linim. quo partes adfectse perfricandae sunt, et postea tegantur lanula. 329.—R Camph. 3j 01. Amygd. gj M. et instilla gutt. iv auri, p. r. n. 330.—R Extr. Opii gr. x Tinct. Castor. 3j M. et applicetur paululum, auri affectae, omni nocte cum gossypio. 331.—R Linim. Sapon. gj Tinct. Opii gj M. Fiat linim. cum panno laneo, faucibus extern. applicand. EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 199 332.—R 01. Amygd. gj Camph. gj M. pro linim. quocum tangantur papillse ter qua- terve in die. 333.—R Acid. Sulph. dil. 3j Sol. Alum. co. gss Aq. pur. 3vj Probe commisc. Indatur nari ex qua sanguis stillat, turunda ex lint, raso, humect, hoc. liq. et relin- quend, illic, per dies ij. 334.—R Flor. Samb. ftij Coque in Aq. lb. iv. Foveant. eo decoct, ssepius in die, caput, fades oculi, aliaeque part, erysipel. tentatse. 335.—R Decoct. Hord. ftss Magn. Sulph. gij Fiat enema, urgente tenesmo, injiciend. 336.—R Tinct. Lyttse giv Liq. Ammon. 3j Linim. Sapon. 3ij M. Fiat linim. quo guttur et postera pars colli perfricanda sunt, donee vesicae appareant, dein de- sist, per diem et applica ung. cetacei. 337.—R Farin. Lini ftj Aq. bull. q. s. ut fiat cataplasm, admov. calide loco adfeeto; renov. quater de die ; cum arescat tantillo butyri insuls. emol. 338.—Admov. lintea aq. frigida madefact. vel si fieri possit glacies raso capiti. 339.—R Mic. Panis ftij Tinct. Lyttse 3ij Decoct. Papav. q. s. 200 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. ut fiat cataplasma. Applica hoc ad cutem per horse dimid. aut tamdiu donee inflammationem satis magnam excitat. dolor fervid, et rubor partis tumen. testentur. 340.—R Calamin. Pulv. 3j Cret. praep. 3ss Fiat pulv. Intra linteum consutum applicetur, re- novando simul ac maduerit. 341.—R Pulv. Opii gr. v Saponis gj M. et fiat suppositorium, post alvum exoneratam. applicand. 342.—Foveant. gingiv. aq. calida. 343.—R Inf. Rosse gvj Acid. Sulph. dil. 3j M. Colluantur fauces hoc gargarism. 344.—R 01. Olivse gj Liq. Potassae 3ij M. Fiat linim. hujus pauxillo oblinatur abdom. bis terve quotidie. 345.—R Magn. Sulph. 3j Tinct. Opii gtt. xxv Jusc. ftss Fiat enema. Injic. hora somni tertia quaque noct. ad tres vices, dein repet, alt. noctibus, usque ad quart, vicem, si opus sit. 346.—R Ung. Hydrarg. Nitr. gss Ung. Cetacei 3j M. Hujus ung. pauxillum, ope penicilli camel. oculo affecto applic. nocte et mane. 347.—R Alum. 9j Cret. praep. gj EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 201 M. diligentissime, ut fiat pulv. cujus inspergatur pauxillum super mamillas p. r. n. 348.—Admoveatur extr. belladon. supercilio et regioni supraorbit. vespere. 349.—R Hydrarg. Chlor. gr. ij Sacc. alb. 9j Fiat pulv. cujus parum infletur, ope calami, in oculum affect, semel'vel bis in die. 350.—R Rad. Dauci ftj Coque in aq. font. q. s. et per setaceum trajice pulpam, cui adde gss adipis, ut fiat cataplasma calide adhibend. 351.—Vespere appropinq. si opus sit, injiciatur clysma, heri prsescript. 352.—Fiat setaceum ad med. brach. 353.—Foveantur artus, cum decoct, anthem. 354.—R Conii Fol. 3ij Aq. ferv. ftij Colatura sit pro fotu, qui cum pannis laneis, parti affect, admov. mane horis duabus, antequam e lecto assurgat, et nocte post decubitum, donee symptoma penitus evanuerit. 355.—R Tinct. Opii 3j Linim. Sapon. 3j Fiat linim. cum quo bene fricentur tempora et detons. caput. 356.—Inhalet sing. noct. in lecto, vaporem aq. calid. cui tempore usus, adde, cochl. ij min. sether. rect. 357.—Explor. vesica urinar. ope catheteris, et extrahatur urina. 202 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 358.—Colluantur os et gingiv. bis terve in die cum Tinct. Myrrh, gtt. xx in aq. tepid, cyatho. 359.—R Hydrarg. Oxyd. Cin. 9j vel ------ Bisulphuret. 3ss Fiat pulv. pro fumigatione, faucibus intern, omni nocte more solito, adhibend. 360.—Fiat font, crure, infra vel supra genu. 361.—Instituatur paracentesis abdom. et educ. aq. 362.—Affricetur parti affect, sing. noct. ung. hydrarg. fort, magnit. fabae equinae, deinde appli- cetur cataplasma ex liq. plumbi acet. dil. mica panis, et farina lini. 363.—R Argent. Nitrat. 9j Aq. destill. gvj Fiat mist, et cum hac illinantur part, affect, sing. noct. hora somni prius deters.; vel linteum in eadem madefiat et per totam noctem gestetur. 364.—Utatur balneo, ad grad. nonagesim. cale- facto, bis in septim. 365.—R Fel. Bov. 3ij 01. Amygd. 3ss M. Fiant guttse acoust. bis die applicand. 366.—Utatur asger equit. subinde, si fieri possit. 367.—Mittatur fist. arm. 368.—R Zinci Sulph. 9j Aq. pur. gvj M. Fiat, inject, quae ex syph. eburn. in urethram injiciatur, mane et nocte. 369.—R Liq. Ammon. Acet. gj Amm. Hydrochl. 3ij Aq. ftj EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 203 Fiat lotio, nocte cubitum ituro tumoribus applicand. Mitte ftij cum directione propria. 370.—Fiat fonticulus purul. ad med. brachium, ope pot. fus. 371.—Caute tangantur clavi, acid, sulph. ope penicilli; dein tegantur emplast. plumbi. 372.—R Ung. Cetacei 3j Pulv. Opii 9ss Fiat ung. cujus paululum p. r. n. applicetur, urgente ani prurigine. 373.—R Linim. Camph. 3iss Tinct. Canth. 3ss M. Fiat linim. quocum fricetur pars affecta ter quaterve indies. 374.—R Nicotianse 3j Aq. comm. Oj Coque per sext. part, horse et cola; adde liquori Sodae Sulph. 3ij Solve et fiat enema, statim injiciend. contra insult. apoplect. vel affectus soporosos adhibend. 375.—Mitte Emplast. Galb. super alutam indu- cend. 376.—Adhib. lav. frigid, vel tepid, prout aegro gratius erit. 377.—Capilli radant. et caput postea panniculo lotione frigida imbut. circumdet. 378.—R Hydrarg. Bichlor. gr. x Aq. pur. gx M. Hoc liquore, ter de die, injiciatur ulcus, ope siph.; post sing, inject, materia relinq. intra ulcus, et coerc. per dimidium horse, claus. omn. apertur, 204 ABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. tumque externe prem. lenlter ulcus, ut liq. eject. per omn. sinus et meatus propell. 379.—R Dec. Mai. comp. (c. Fcenic. semin. cont. 3iij) 3xiv Ft. enem. statim tepide injiciend. Jan. vj°. PART III. UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS, WITH LITERAL TRANSLATIONS. FORMING A KEY TO PART II. CHAPTER I. FORMS FOR BLOODLETTING!. 1. Detrahatur e brachio sanguis ad uncias decem statim. Let blood be immediately drawn from the arm to ten ounces. 2. Fiat vensesectio, ut fluant sanguinis uncise quinque. Let venesection be performed that five ounces of blood may flow. 3. Opus est venam cubiti secare, ut sanguis fluat ad uncias decem. It is necessary to cut a vein of the arm, that blood may flow to ten ounces. 4. Ad recidivum prsecavendum, detrahatur san- guis pro re nata. To prevent a relapse, let blood be occasionally drawn. 5. Extrahatur sanguis pleno rivo, ad uncias sex, quamprimum. Let blood be taken away as soon as possible, in a full stream, to six ounces. 18 206 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 6. Emitte sanguinis uncias sexdecim saltem, vel ad deliquium. Take away at least sixteen ounces of blood, or to fainting. 7. Dimove sanguinem per saltum, ad uncias decem vel ultra. Remove blood by leaps, to ten ounces or more. 8. Detrahantur ex arteria temporali sanguinis unciae sex, quamprimum. Let six ounces of blood be drawn as soon as possible from the temporal artery. 9. Mittatur sanguis illico ex largo vulnere ad uncias decem, vel donee seger pallescat vel lan- guescat. Let blood be immediately taken from a large wound (i. e. orifice) to ten ounces, or until the patient becomes pale or faint. 10. Repetatur sanguinis detractio, et localis et generalis. Let the bloodletting, both local and general, be repeated. 11. Iterum fiat vensesectio, ad defectionem ani- mi. Let venesection be again performed to fainting. 12. Sanguis eodem modo, quo ante, iterum mit- tendus est, vero ad uncias sexdenas. Blood is to be again drawn, in the same manner as before, but to six- teen ounces. 13. Pertundatur vena brachii, et detrahatur sanguis, ad uncias viginti, vel usque ut liquerit animus. Let a vein of the arm be opened [literally, bored or beat through], and blood be drawn to twenty ounces, or to fainting. 14. Repetatur vensesectio ad tres alias vices ad eandem quantitatem, tribus diebus sequentibus quando dolor et respirandi difficultas suadeant. Let venesection be repeated to the same quantity, three other times, on the three following days, when the pain and difficulty of breathing require it. 15. Die sequenti celebrctur iterum vensesectio BLOODLETTING. 207 ad eandem qua antea quantitatem. On the following day let venesection be again performed, to the same quantity as before. 16. Mittatur sanguis e brachio ad uncias duo- decim quamprimum; ac postea ex vena jugulari ad uncias octo. Let blood be taken from the arm to twelve ounces as soon as possible ; and afterwards from the jugular vein to eight ounces. 17. Sanguis denu6 mittendus est, ad uncias decem tantum. Blood is to be again taken to ten ounces only. 18. Mittatur sanguis de novo, et repetatur ad animi fere deliquium. Let blood be again taken away, and (the operation) repeated almost to fainting. 19. Extrahatur sanguis e brachio ; et eodem die post aliquot horas, vel die sequenti, duabus horis post leve prandium, capiat pulverem emeticum. Let blood be drawn from the arm, and on the same day, after [i. e. at the expiration of] a few hours, or on the following day, two hours after a light dinner, let the patient take an emetic powder. 20. Si primaa vensesectioni non cedat morbus, tum repetatur: et nondum cessante, ad duas alias vices eelebretur, interposito semper die uno. If the disease should not yield to the first bloodletting, then let it be repeated; and not yet giving way [i. e. if the disease do not then yield], let it [the bloodletting] be again performed twice, one day always intervening, [i. e. between the bloodlettings.] 21. Necnon admoveantur cucurbitulas cum ferro nuchas capitis, mittatur sanguis ad uncias duodecim. Also let the cupping-glasses, with the scarificator, be applied to the nape of the neck, and let blood be taken away to twelve ounces. 22. Statim abradatur capillitium, et applicentur 208 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. cucurbitula? cruentse nuchae. Let the hair [of the head] be immediately shaved off, and the bloody cupping- glasses [i. e. the cupping-glasses with the scarificator] be applied to the nape of the neck. 23. Accommodentur cucurbitulas cum ferro sub aurem lateris affecti, et mittatur sanguis ad uncias quatuor. Let the cupping-glasses with the scarificator be applied under the ear of the affected side, and let blood be drawn to four ounces. 24. Admoveantur cucurbitulas cum scarificatione, parti thoracis dolenti pro re nata, et exsugatur san- guis ad uncias octo. Let the cupping-glasses with the scarificator be occasionally applied to the painful part of the chest, and blood be drawn to eight ounces. 25. Semel in septimana, applicentur temporibus utrinque hirudines tres. Once a week let three leeches be applied to both temples. 26. Hirudines viginti quatuor statim lumbis ad- moveantur, et quando remotse sunt, cataplasma emolliens applicetur. Let twenty-four leeches be im- mediately applied to the loins, and when they are re- moved, let an emollient poultice be applied. 27. Admoveantur hirudines tres singulis tempo- ribus, si adsit dolor capitis. Let three leeches be applied to each temple, if there be pain of the head. 28. Applicentur jugulo hirudines quatuor; et post fluxum sanguinis, applicetur emplastrum lyttas. Let four leeches be applied to the forepart of the neck; and after the flux of blood [i. e. when the bleeding has ceased] let a blitter be applied. 29. Detrahantur ex ischio affecto, et partibus adjacentibus, ope cucurbitularum cum scarificatione sanguinis uncias sex. Let six ouncet of blood be drawn from the affected ischium and adjacent parts, by means of the cupping-glasses with scarification. BUSTERS, ETC. 209 30. Applicentur adversum renes, hirudines duo- decim vel cucurbitulas cruentse, ut extrahantur san- guinis uncias duodecim. Let twelve leeches, or the bloody cupping-glasses [i. e. the cupping-glasses with the scarificator] be applied opposite the kidneys, that twelve ounces of blood may be extracted. 31. Convulsione redeunte, haud aliter, detra- hatur sanguis per cucurbitulas tres. If the convul- sion should return, not otherwise, let blood be drawn by three cupping-glasses. 32. Si dolor perstiterit ad latus, mittantur san- guinis uncise viginti e brachio. If the pain should continue at the side, let twenty ounces of blood be taken from the arm. 33. Sanguisugas tres fronti imponantur. Let three leeches be applied to the forehead. 34. Admoveatur cucurbitula sicca regioni hepatis. Let a dry cupping-glass [i. e. the cupping-glass without the scarificator] be applied to the region of the liver. CHAPTER II. FORMS FOR BLISTERS, ETC. 35. Adhibe emplastrum cantharidis tumori in ala dextra, per spatium duodecim horarum, vel donee in vesicam manifestd epidermis elata sit. Apply a plaster of cantharides to the tumour in the right arm-pit, for the space of twelve hours, or until the cuticle is manifestly raised into a blister. 36. Applicetur abdomini, emplastrum lyttse super alutam satis latam extensum. Let a plaster of can- 18* 210 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. tharides, spread on leather sufficiently large, be applied to the belly. 37. Admoveatur parti thoracis superiori, em- plastrum lyttse, et post vesicationem applicetur ceratum sabinas, ut ulcus perpetuum fiat. Fluxu cessante utatur sequenti. Recipe, Cerati Sabinae Unguenti Lyttse, partes aequales. Let a plaster of cantharides be applied to the upper part of the chest; and after vesication, let savin cerate be applied, that a permanent ulcer may be produced. The discharge ceasing [i. e. when the discharge ceases], let the patient use the following. 38. Admoveatur tela vesicatoria (ad exemplar) externas parti gutturis. Let a blistering cloth (ac- cording to pattern) be applied to the external part of the throat. 39. Admoveatur capiti raso unguentum cantha- ridis, usque ad vesicationem. Let the ointment of cantharides be applied to the shaven head, until vesication (is produced). 40. Admoveatur prope cartilaginem thyroideam utrinque, emplastrum lyttse. Let a plaster of can- tharides be applied on each side near the thyroid car- tilage. 41. Abradatur capillitium, et admoveatur toti capiti sericum vesicans. Let the hair (of the head) be shaved off, and a blittering taffeta applied to the whole head. 42. Applicetur prope articulum fem oris supe- riorem, emplastrum lyttse, super quod, drachma pulveris lyttse inspergenda est. Let a plaster of cantharides, upon which a drachm of the powder of can- tharides has been sprinkled, be applied near the upper joint of the thigh. " BLISTERS, ETC. 211 43. Si valde urgeat dyspnoea, applicetur em- plastrum lyttse, et fiat ulcus perpctuum ope un- guenti sabinse. If the difficulty of breathing be very troublesome, let a plaster of cantharides be applied, and let a permanent ulcer be produced by means of savin ointment. 44. Recipe, Emplastri Galbani composifi, un- ciam dimidiam. ----Resinse, uncias duas Misce. Fiat emplastrum super alutam extenden- dum, quo pedes involvantur post pediluvium, Mix. Let a plaster be made to be spread upon leather, in which [i. e. in the plaster] the feet are to be wrapped after the use of the foot-bath. 45. Imponatur nuchas capitis, vel suris externis, emplastrum lyttie. Let a plaster of cantharides be applied to the nape of the neck, or to the external [i. e. the superficial] part of the calves (of the legs). 46. Emplastrum lyttse collo imponatur qua dolet. Let a plaster of cantharides be applied to the neck, where it is in pain [i. e. the painful part of the neck]. 47. Admoveatur pannus vesicatorius lateri sinis- tro. Let a blistering cloth be applied to the left side. 48. Adhibeatur emplastrum epispasticum satis amplum et acre, inter scapulas. Let a blistering plaster, sufficiently large and acrid, be applied between the shoulders. 49. Recipe, Lyttarum in pulverem tenuissimum tritarum, drachmam Camphorse Pulveris, drachmam Cerse flavse Sevi prseparati, ana drachmam Adipis prasparati, scrupulos duos Cera, sevo, et adipe simul liquefactis, paulo ante- quam concrescant, Lyttas et Camphoram insperge, 212 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. atque omnia misce ut fiat emplastrum epispasticum regioni jecoris applicandum. The wax, suet, and lard, being melted together, sprinkle the cantharides and camphor upon them a short lime before they concrete, and mix them altogether, that a blistering plaster may be made, to be applied to the region of the liver. 50. Admoveatur charta vesicatoria occipiti. Cu- retur pars exulcerata unguento sabinse. Let a blis- tering paper be applied to the occiput. Let the blistered part be dressed with savin ointment. 51. Nata hunioris detractio ab emplastro lyttse, si res postulaverit, promoveatur. If it should be re- quired, let the discharge of fluid, produced by the plaster of cantharides, be promoted. 52. Emplastra duo vesicatoria, brachiis internis infra cubitos, quamprimum imponantur. Let two blisters be immediately applied to the inner part of the arms below the elbow.:. 53. Admoveatur taffeta vesicatoria genu, et fluxus postea eliciatur ope unguenti sabinae. Let a blister- ing taffeta be applied to the knee, and afterwards let a discharge be excited by means of savin ointment. 54. Ceratum lyttas partibus excoriatis imponatur, ut natus humor ab emplastro lyttse promoveatur. Let the cerate of cantharides be applied to the excoriated part, that the fluid produced by the blister may be pro- moted. 55. Recipe, Pulveris Euphorbii, scrupulum dimi- dium Cerati Sabinse, unciam Emplastri Thuris, unciam dimidiam Simul bene contritis, sit emplastrum scuto pectoris. Having well incorporated them, let a plaster be made for the defence of the breast. 56. Fiat fonticulus, ex parte vesicatorii ope un- MIXTURES, ETC. 213 guenti sabinse. Let an issue [i. e. discharge] be made from the place of the blister [i. e. from the blistered part], by means of savin ointment. 57. Recipe, Ammonise Hydrochloratis, drachmam Saponis duri, drachmas duas Emplastri Plumbi, unciam dimidiam Emplastrum et saponem simul liqua, et paUlo an- tequam concrescant, immisce salem in pulverem tenuem tritum. Extensum super alutam, parti affectae quamprimum applicetur, et pro re nata repetatur. Melt the plaster and soap together, and a little while before they harden, admix the salt rubbed into a fine powder. Let it [i. e. the mixture] be spread on leather, and immediately applied to the part affected, and repeated occasionally. 58. Caput tonderi debet, et emplastro vesica- torio circumcirca tegi. The head ought to be shaved, and covered round about with a blistering plaster. 59. Applicetur regioni singulorum renum em- plastrum lyttic parvum (magnitudinis nummi semi- coronse). Let a small plaster of cantharides (of the size of a half-crown piece) be applied lo the region of each of the kidneys. CHAPTER III. FORMS FOR MIXTURES, ETC. 60. Recipe, Vini Aloe's, drachmas duas Infusi Sennre, unciam cum semisse Magnesias Sulpliatis, drachmas qua- tuor 214 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. Misce. Hujus capiat unciam, hora septima matu- tina; et circiter horam decimam, partem reliquam sumat, si opus fuerit. Mix. Of this let the patient take an ounce at seven o'clock in the morning, and the remainder at ten o'clock, if there be occasion. 61. Recipe, Liquoris Ammonias Acetatis, uncias tres cum semisse Vini Antimonii Potassio-tartratis, drachmas duas Tincturse Cardamomi compositae, drachmas duas Aquas Menthse piperitse, uncias duas Fiat mistura, cujus uncias duas omni horse quad- rante calide sorbeantur, durante frigore. Let a mixture be made, of which let two ounces be taken warm every quarter of an hour during the chilliness. 62. Recipe, Tincturse Valerianae, uncias duas. Detur fluidrachma una subinde, e cochleare magno infusi radicis Valerianic sylvestris, sub forma these parati. Let a fluidrachm be given now and then in a tablespoonful of the infusion of the wild valerian, pre- pared in the form of tea. 63. Recipe, Misturas Amygdalae, uncias quatuor Syrupi Scillse, drachmas tres Tincturse Opii, guttas quadraginta Quod unciatim sumatur, tussi admodum ingraves- cente. Let this be taken, ounce by ounce [i. e. in ounce doses], when the cough is very troublesome. 64. Recipe, Infusi Gentiame compositi, uncias sex Magnesias Sulphatis, unciam Capiat cochlearia tria magna post jentaculum et post prandium quotidie. Let the patient take daily three tablespoonfult after breakfast and dinner. MIXTURES, ETC. 215 65. Recipe, Liquoris Ammoniae Acetatis, uncias duas Aquse Menthse viridis, uncias tres cum semisse Syrupi Croci, drachmas duas Spiritus iEtheris nitrici, drachmas duas Misce. Cochlearia duo magna secundis horis su- mantur, durante febre; ssepius vel rarius pro impe- tus ratione: et absente febre pulv. cinchon. ut ante. Mix. Let two tablespoonfuls be taken every two hours, during the fever, more or less frequently, according to the violence of the fit [i. e. the ague fit] : and, when the fever is absent [let] the powder of cinchona [be taken] at before. 66. Recipe, Foliorum Rosse unciam Aquse ferventis, uncias octo Stent per horam; colaturas adde succi limonum, sacchari albi, ana, quantum sufficit, ad gratam acerbitatem dulcedinemque. Let them stand during an hour; add a sufficient quantity of lemon juice and white sugar to give an agreeable acidity and sweetness. 67. Recipe, Antimonii Potassio-Tartratis, grana sex Aquse purse, drachmas quatuor Syrupi Rhceados, drachmam Misce. Capiat cochleare minimum subinde, ad nauseam vel vomitum promovendum. Mix. Let the patient take a small [i. e. tea] spoonful from time to time, to promote nausea or vomiting. 68. Recipe, Sodas Subcarbonatis, drachmas duas cum semisse Crystallorum Tartari, drachmas tres Aquse purae, uncias octo Stent in lagena bene obturata, per triduum, et 216 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. deinde sit in promptu pro potu cathartico. Let them stand in a bottle well stoppered for three days, and then be in readiness for a cathartic drink. 69. Recipe, Sodas Bicarbonatis, drachmas duas Ferri Sulphatis, grana tria Magnesise Subcarbonatis, drachmam Aquse Purse, octarium dimidium Acidi Sulphurici diluti, fluidrach- mas decem Infundatur primum lagenae aqua, dein immittantur salina, et denique acidum sulphuricum ; illico obtu- retur lagena, et in loco frigido servetur. First let the water be poured into the bottle, then let the salts be put in, and lastly, the sulphuric acid; let the bottle be immediately stoppered, and kept in a cool place. 70. Recipe, Decocti Lichenis, octarium Sumat aeger poculum, omni bihorio. Let the patient take a cupful every two hours. 71. Recipe, Magnesias Carbonatis, drachmam Aquic Menthae sativse, uncias sex Tincturae Opii, drachmam Misce. Sumat. cochlearia duo, dum flatus infestat. Mix. Let the patient take two spoonfuls when flatulence is troublesome. 72. Capiat cochlearia duo ampla aquse menthae piperitse, omni hora, donee singultus et nisus ad vomitum cessaverint. Let the patient take two table- spoonfuls of peppermint water every hour, until the hiccup and attemptt to vomit thall have ceased. 73. Recipe, Tincturse Digitalis, drachmas tres Acidi Hydrocyanici, guttas viginti Misce. Hujus capiat guttas viginti ter die, ex cyatho aquae frigidse, dosin sensim augendo, prout caput, aut ventriculus ferre queat. Let the patient take twenty drops of this mixture three timet a day in a MIXTURES, ETC. 217 glast of cold water, the dose to be gradually increased according as the head or the stomach can bear it. 74. Recipe, Magnesias Carbonatis, drachmam Pulveris Rhei, grana quindecim Aquse Anethi, unciam cum semisse Misce. Fiat julepum, cujus unum cochleare mini- mum infantulo lactenti detur, secundis horis; phiala agita. Mix. Let a julep be made, of which let one tea- spoonful be given to the suckling infant every two hours, the bottle being shaken. 75. Recipe, Misturse Ammoniaci, uncias sex Tincturse Opii, drachmam Misce. Capiat cochlearia duo magna statim; ite- rentur post horam, si tussis accrevit. Let the patient take two tablespoonfuls immediately ; let them be repeated in an hour, if the cough should increase. 76. Recipe, Decocti Hordei, uncias decem Olei Olivse, uncias duas Mucilaginis Acacias, unciam Tere oleum cum mucilagine donee probe coiverint, tum sensim adde decoctum, ut fiat enema. Inter- dum addere liceat Magnesias Sulphatis, unciam. Rub the oil with the mucilage until they are well com- bined, then gradually add the decoction, that an enema may be made. Sometimes we may add an ounce of Sul- phate of Magnesia. 77. Recipe, Spirittis Ammoniae Aromatici drach- mam Tincturse Assafoetidas, unciam dimi- diam Syrupi Croci, unciam dimidiam Aquae Cinnamomi, unciam Misce. Exhibe cochleare parvum ter quaterve de die, vel ssepius, urgente convulsione vel spasmo. Mix. Give a teaspoonful three or four times a day, or 19 218 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. oftener, if the convulsion or spasm should be trouble- some. 78. Recipe, Infusi Kramerise uncias sex Tincturse Opii, drachmam Fiat mistura, cujus sumantur cochlearia tria magna post singulas dejectiones liquidas. Let a mixture be made, of which let three tablespoonfuls be taken after every liquid evacuation. 79. Recipe, Sodae Sulphatis, unciam cum se- misse Sodas Phosphatis, unciam Syrupi Rhamni, drachmas quatuor Aquas Menthse piperitae, uncias sex Misce. Sumat unciam statim, et repetatur dosia post horas duas, nisi alvus prius responderit. Mix. Let the patient take two tablespoonfuls immediately, and let the dose be repeated in two hours, unlett the bowel be previously relieved. 80. Recipe, Tincturse Hyoscyami, drachmam cum semisse Potassas Acetatis, drachmas quatuor Syrupi Croci, drachmas duas Aquas Anisi, uncias sex Fiat mistura, cujus sumantur cochlearia duo vel tria minima, bis terve in die, vel ut opus sit. Let a mixture be made, of which let two or three teaspoonfuls be taken twice or three times a day, or at there may be occasion. 81. Recipe, Ipecacuanhas Radicis Pulveris, drachmam cum semisse Potassse Bitartratis, drachmam Aquae ferventis, fluiduncias tres cum semisse Macera per horam integram, dein cola et adjice. Syrupi, fluidunciam dimidiam MIXTURES, ETC. 219 Misce. Detur semiuncia vel cochleare amplum omni semihora, donee vomitum proritaverit. Mace- rate during an hour, then strain, and add half an ounce of syrup. Mix. Let half an ounce, or a tablespoonful, be given every half hour, until it shall have produced vomiting. 82. Recipe, Tincturse Opii, drachmam Misturse Cretae, uncias sex Misce. Capiat cochlearia duo magna omni quad- rante horse donee leniatur dolor. Mix. Let the patient take two tablespoonfuls every quarter of an hour until the pain is alleviated. 83. Recipe, Decocti Aloes compositi, uncias qua- tuor Sodse Sulphatis, unciam cum se- misse Misce. Cochlearia duo ampla intermissionis tem- pore sumantur, ita ut purgatio ex toto cessaverit, ante accessum paroxysmi. Mix. Let two tablespoon- fuls be taken in the time of intermission, so that the pur- gation shall have ceased before the accession of the pa- roxysm. 84. Recipe, Sodse Potassio-Tartratis, uncias duas Aquas Menthse sativae, uncias octo. Misce. Capiat cochlearia duo ampla omni bihorio, ad sedes promovendas. Mix. Let the patient take two tablespoonfuls every two hours to promote stools. 85. Recipe, Plumbi Acetatis, grana quatuor Aquae destillatae, uncias quatuor Syrupi Papaveris, drachmas tres Misce. Capiat cochleare amplum mane quotidie: repetatur dosis ad tres vices, et deinde capiat aeger haustum aliquem purgantem. Mix. Let the patient take one tablespoonful daily in the morning: let the dose 220 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. be repeated three other times, and then let the patient take some purging draught. 86. Recipe, Magnesise Sulphatis, unciam et semissem Acidi Sulphurici diluti, drachmam cum semisse Aquse Menthse piperitse, uncias sex. Syrupi Rhoeados, drachmas duas Misce. Hujus misturse sumantur cochlearia, qua- tuor, omnibus tribus horis, donee venter rite solutus fuerit. Mix. Of this mixture let two tablespoonfuls be taken every three hours, until the belly shall have been thoroughly opened. 87. Recipe, Infusi Sennse, unciam Magnesise Sulphatis semi-unciam Misce. Capiat quarta quaque die. Mix. Let the patient take (it) every fourth day. Recipe, Tincturse Valerianae, drachmas duas Spiritus Ammonias foetidi drachmas duas Aquse purse, uncias duas Misce. Capiat cochlearia magna duo, in languori- bus, pra'cipue diebus purgationi deditis. Mix. Let the patient take two tablespoonfuls in languors, etpeci- ally on the days appropriated to the purgation. 88. Recipe, Misturse Amygdalae, uncias sex Tincturse Opii, semi-drachmam. Misce. Capiat cochlearia magna duo, quarta qua- que hora, si tussis increbuerit. Mix. Let the patient take two tablespoonfuls every fourth hour, if the cough should occur frequently. 89. Recipe, Antimonii Potassio-Tartratis, grana tria Infusi Sennae, uncias tres Aquse Pimentas, uncias quatuor MIXTURES, ETC. 221 Misce. Repetantur cochlearia duo ampla omni semihora, donee supervenerit vomitus, vel alvus de- jecerit. Mix. Let two tablespoonfuls be repeated every half-hour, until vomiting comes on, or until the bowel shall have acted. 90. Recipe, Tincturae Jalapas, drachmas qua- tuor Potassse Sulphatis, unciam dimi- diam Aquae Menthae, uncias sex Misce. Sumat cochlearia majqra duo, omni quad- rante horse, donee alvus copiose responderit. Mix. Let the patient take two tablespoonfuls every quarter of an hour, until the bowel shall have acted sufficiently. 91. Recipe, Cetrarias Islandicae, unciam Aquas frigidas, octarium Coque ad uncias duodenas ; stet ut geletur, et uta- tur asger gelatinae ad libitum. Boil to twelve ounces: let it stand that it may congeal, and let the patient use the jelly at pleasure. 92. Recipe, Lactis Vaccini, octarium Sinapis Seminum contusorum, un- ciam Coquantur simul, donee pars casearia in coagulum abierit, deinde coletur serum, et hujus sumatur cyathus subinde. Let them be boiled together, until the caseous part be changed into a coagulum; then let the whey be strained, and a icineglassful of it be taken now and then. 93. Recipe, Liquoris Ammonias Acetatis, uncias quatuor Tincturse Opii, drachmam dimidiam Aquas Menthas sativse, uncias sex Misce. Capiat cochlearia duo, invadente paroxysmo caloris, in febribus intermittentibus. Let the patient 19* 222 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. take two tablespoonfuls during the paroxysm of heat (i. e. the hot stage) in intermittent fevers. 94. Recipe, Infusi Sennse, uncias sex Sumat prima, omni quadrante horas, cochleare; dein assumptionis vices protrahantur, ad horam, et ultra pro successu. Let the patient take, at first, one spoonful every quarter of an hour ; then let the time of taking be protracted to an hour, and afterwards accord- ing to the effect. 95. Recipe, Decocti Aloes compositi, uncias sex Capiat seger cochlearia tria ampla pro re nata; pos- tea augendo, minuendove quantitatem, prout sedes pauciores pleuresve promoverit. Let the patient take three tablespoonfuls occasionally : afterwards increasing or diminishing the quantity, according as it may have excited fewer or more stools. 96. Recipe, Cretse praeparatas, drachmam Tincturae Opii, drachmam dimidiam Aquae Cinnamomi, uncias sex Misce, et agitando phialam, dentur cochlearia duo, secunda quaque hora, serius vel citius ut res postu- let, dum vexant ventriculi tormina vel vomitus. Mix, and shaking the phial, let two tablespoonfuls be given every second hour, later or sooner, as circumttances may require, as long as the gripings or vomitings trouble. 97. Recipe, Vini Ipecacuanha?, unciam Fiat haustus, statim sumendus. Let a draught be made, to be taken immediately. Recipe, Misturas Amygdalae, uncias sex Tincturae Opii, drachmam Misce. Capiat cochlearia duo ampla, sub finem vomitionis. Let the patient take two tablespoonfuls towards the end of the vomiting. MIXTURES, ETC. 223 98. Recipe, Tincturae Rhei, unciam ----Gentianss, semiunciam Aquas Pimentse, uncias quatuor Syrupi Croci, unciam Fiat mistura, cujus sumat seger cochlearia duo, ur- gente ventriculi dolore, flatu, nausea, vel languore. Let a mixture be made, of which let the patient take two tablespoonfuls, the pain of the stomach, flatulence, nau- sea, or languor, being troublesome. 99. Recipe, Tincturse Opii, drachmam dimidiam Tincturas Cardamomi, unciam dimi- diam Syrupi Croci, drachmas quatuor Aquas Cinnamomi, uncias sex Misce. Capiat cochlearia duo maxima, post singu- las vomitiones vel sedes liquidas. Mix. Let the patient take two tablespoonfuls after each vomiting or liquid stool. 100. Recipe, Decocti Cinchonas, uncias sex Acidi Sulphurici diluti, drachmam unam Syrupi Aurantiorum, unciam dimi- diam Misce. Hujus misturse, cochlearia quatuor, horis duabus intcrpositis, sumantur, ad sudationes dimi- nuendas. Mix. Of this mixture, let four tablespoon- fuls be taken every two hours to diminish sweating. 101. Recipe, Tincturse Opii, drachmam dimi- diam Confectionis Aromaticas, drachmam Aquse Menthae piperitse, uncias sex Fiat mistura, cujus sumantur cochlearia tria mag- na, post unamquamque sedem mollem: phiala prius concussa. Let a mixture be made, of which let three 224 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. tablespoonfuls be taken, after every liquid evacuation : the phial being first shaken. 102. Recipe, Spiritus Ammoniae Aromatici, drachmam Tincturse Castorei, drachmas tres Spiritus Lavandulae, drachmas duas Aquse Pimentas, unciam Fiat mistura, cujus drachmas duso, pro re nata, in- gerantur, contra languorem, et deliquium. Let a mixture be made, of which let two drachms (i. e. two teaspoonfuls) be taken occasionally, against languor and fainting. 103. Recipe, Infusi Sennse, uncias sex Tincturse Jalapse, drachmas sex Misce. Sumantur cochlearia tria ampla, singulis horis, ad plenam alvi solutionem. Let three table- spoonfuls be taken every hour, to produce copious evacua- tion of the bowel. 104. Perstet in usu misturse catharticse, donee alvus ter quaterve plene respondent. Let the patient continue in the ute of the cathartic mixture, until the bowel shall have acted freely three or four timet. 105. Recipe, Misturse Ammoniaci, uncias sex. Capiat aeger cochleare magnum bis in die, ex poculo jusculi bovini; contra raucedinem. Let the patient take a tablespoonful twice a day, in a cup of beef (ea: against hoarseness. 106. Recipe, Tincturse Scillae, drachmam Mucilaginis Acaciae, unciam Tincturse Opii, drachmam Misce. Fiat mistura, de qua subinde capiat drach- mam unam guttatim, ad gulam emolliendam, et expuitionem promovendam. Mix. Let a mixture be made, of which let the patient take one drachm (i. e. a MIXTURES, ETC. 225 teaspoonful) by drops, to soften (relax or lubricate) the throat, and to promote expectoration. 107. Recipe, Ammoniae Sesquicarbonatis, drach- mam Tincturae Cardamomi, unciam Syrupi Rhceados, drachmas duas Aquse Mentha? piperita?, uncias quatuor Fiat mistura, de qua capiat cochleare unum largum, si pustulae evaneseant. Let a mixture be made, of which let the patient take one tablespoonful, if the pus- tules disappear. 108. Recipe, Liquoris Ammonia? Acetatis, un- ciam Vini Antimonii Potassio-Tartratis, drachmam Aquse Menthse sativas, uncias qua- tuor Syrupi Croci, drachmam Fiat mistura, de qua cochleare largum unum se- cundis vel tertiis horis exhibeatur; saspius rariusve prout febris vehementior vet mitior fuerit. Let a mixture be made, of which let one tablespoonful be taken every second or third hour ; more frequently or rarely according as the fever may have been more or less vio- lent. 109. Recipe, Tinctura? Assafoetidse, drachmas duas Ammonia? Sesquicarbonatis, drach- mam dimidiam Aqua? Pulegii, uncias quatuor Fiat mistura, de qua capiat cochleare unum vel cochlearia duo in languoribus, vel sudoribus frigi- dis, vel frigoris paroxysmis. Let a mixture be made, of which let the patient take one or two tablespoonfuls in 226 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. languors, or in cold tweatt, or in paroxysms of cold (at the cold stage of intermittentt). 110. Recipe, Potassa? Bitartratis, unciam Olei Limonis, guttas quindecim Sacchari purificati, uncias duas Aquae bullientis, octarios duos Misce. Usurpetur pro potu communi, ubi seger intensa siti vexatur. Mix. Let it be used for a com- mon drink when the patient is troubled with intense thirst. 111. Recipe, Pulveris Jalapa?, drachmam Pulveris Zingiberis, grana viginti Magnesise Sulphatis, unciam Aquse purse, uncias sex Misce. Cochleare unum singulis horis exhibeatur, quaque vice phialam agitando, ut permisceatur pul- vis. Mix. Let one tablespoonful be given every hour, the bottle being shaken each time, that the powder may be thoroughly mixed [with the liquid], 112. Recipe, Corticis Cinchonas, sesquiunciam Magnesise Sulphatis, uncias duas Aquas purse, octarios duos Coque per sextam partem horse in vase leviter .clauso, et liquorem adhuc calentem cola; sub finem adde Syrupi Absinthii uncias duas. Tertia vel quarta quaque hora cyathus unus exhibeatur, inter- missionis tempore. Boil for the sixth part of an hour, in a lightly-covered vessel, and strain the liquor while hot: towards the end of the boiling add two ounces of Syrup of Wormwood. Let one cupful be given every third or fourth hour, at the time of intermission. 113. Recipe, Infusi Chirettae, uucias sex Magnesise Sulphatis, uncias duas Misce. Usurpetur ad uncias duas bis vel ter in die longe a pastu et maxime jejuno ventriculo. Mix. MIXTURES, ETC. 227 Let it be used to (the extent of) four tablespoonfuls twice or three times a day, long before taking food, and especially when the stomach is empty. 114. Recipe, Decocti Hordei, octarium dimidium Nitri purificati, drachmam dimi- diam Misce. Duabus vel tribus exhibeatur vicibus dua- rum horarum intervallo. Mix. Let it be given at two or three times in the space of two hours. 115. Recipe, Spiritus Ammonias aromatici, drachmas duas Liquoris Ammonia? Acetatis, un- cias quatuor Tincturse Opii, drachmam Aquas Pimentas, uncias quatuor Misce, et divide in haustus quatuor, quorum unus usurpari potest, si pulsus languescat, vel pustulae subsiderint. Mix, and divide into four draughts, of which one may be taken if the pulse become feeble, or the pustules recede. 116. Recipe, Tincturse Opii, drachmam Syrupi Croci, drachmam Tincturse Cardamomi, drachmas duas Aquas Cinnamomi, uncias sex Misce. Cochleare unum exhibeatur, dosisque itere- tur, prout urgeat morbus. Mix. Let one tablespoon- ful be given, and the dose repeated, according as the dis- ease may require. 117. Recipe, Liquoris Ammonia? Acetatis, un- cias duas Tinctura? Opii, drachmam Vini Antimonii, Potassio-Tartra- tis, drachmam Aqua? Mentha? sativa?, uncias duas 228 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. Misce, et in tres vel quatuor doses divide, cujus una omni bihorio in insultuum remissione sumenda, Mix, and divide into three or four doses, of which one is to be taken every two hours in the remittion ofthefitt. 118. Recipe, Vini Colchici, drachmas duas Tincturse Jalapas, drachmam Infusi Sennse, uncias duas Misce. Ista dosis, in duas partes dividi potest quarum una mane, altera sero exhibeatur. Mix. This dose may be divided into two parts, of which one part may be given in the morning, the other in the even- ing. 119. Athens cochleare minimum urgente flatu in aqua, menthse piperita? sumendum. One teaspoon- ful of cether (is) to be taken in peppermint water when the flatus is troublesome. 120. Recipe, Decocti Cinchonas, uncias duas Tincturae Myrrhae, semiunciam Acidi Hydrochlorici, quantum sufficit ad gratam acerbitatem reddendum. To give an agreeable acidity. 121. Recipe, Tincturse Sennse, unciam Tincturae Jalapas, drachmas duas Aquae Pimentas, uncias duas Misce. Capiat dimidium statim, et semihora elapsa, quod reliquum est. Mix. Let the patient take half immediately, and in half an hour the remainder. 122. Prsetermittatur mistura salina. Let the saline mixture be omitted. 123. Capiat tincturse opii guttas triginta horft somni, et repetantur omni tertia hora, perstante dolore et spasmo. Let the patient take thirty drops of the tincture of opium at bedtime, and let them be repeated every third hour, if the pain and spasm continue. MIXTURES, ETC. 229 124. Recipe, Tincturse Castorei, drachmas duas Tincturae Serpentariae, drachmas duas Aquse Pimentse, uncias duas Misce. Capiat cochleare modicum, quartis horis, aggrediente febre. Mix. Let thepatient take a mode- rate (i. e. a dessert) spoonful every four hours, when the fever is coming on. 125. Recipe, Infusi Sennse, uncias quatuor Magnesise Sulphatis, drachmam Misce. Ex hac mistura primo die, cochleare unum altero die, duo, et sic deinceps propinentur. Mix. Of this mixture let one spoonful be drank the first day, two the next day, and so henceforth. 126. Recipe, Sarsaparillse Radicis Zingiberis Radicis contusa?, ana, unciam dimidiam Sassafras Radicis concisse, unciam Coque leni igne in Aquse fontanae octariis quatuor, ad dimidiam consumptionem, ut fiat decoctum, cujus bibat fluiduncias octo modice tepefacti post bolum, et mane repetatur in lecto ad diaphoresin ciendam. Boil, with a gentle heat, in four pints of spring water to half, that a decoction may be made, of which let thepatient drink eight fluid ounces, made mo- derately warm, after the bolus, and let it (i. e. the decoc- tion) be repeated in the morning while in bed, to promote diaphoresis. 127. Recipe, Acidi Sulphurici diluti, unciam dimidiam Syrupi Rhceados, drachmas duas Tincturae Cardamomi, drachmas duas Fiat mistura, cujus sumat cochleare minimum, sextis horis, in quovis vehiculo grato. Let a mixture be 20 230 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. made, of which let the patient take one teaspoonful every six hours, in any agreeable vehicle. 128. Recipe, Spiritus Ammonia? aromatici. drachmam Tinctura? Cardamomi, drachmas duas Tincturse Castorei, drachmam Aqua? Pulegii, uncias quatuor Sumato opprimente languore, cochlearia ampla duo. Let the patient take two tablespoonfuls when the languor is oppressive. 129. Recipe, Tincturse Castorei Tincturae Myrrhas, ana, drachmam Misturse Amygdalae, uncias sex Syrupi Croci, drachmam Misce. Sumat cochlearia quatuor ampla, mane, meridie, et hora somni, ad biduum vel triduum; quo elapso, et uno tan tum die interjecto, sumat potionem emeticam sequentem mane, superbibendo Infusi Florum Anthemidis quantum sufficit ad vomi- tiones quater aut quinquies proritandas, cum debito regimine. Let the patient take four tablespoonfuls in the morning, at noon, and at bedtime, for the space of two or three days ; which having elapsed, and one day only intervening, let the patient take the following emetic potion in the morning, drinking after it a sufficient quan- tity of the infusion of Chamomile flowers to produce vomiting four or five limes, with the accustomed regimen. 130. Recipe, Vini Ipecacuanhas, unciam Antimonii Potassio-Tartratis, gra- na duo Misce ; et fiat potio. Mix; and let a potion be made. 131. Recipe, Soda? tartarizatie, semiunciam Tincturse Rhei, unciam dimidiam Syrupi communis, drachmas duas Aquas Pimentse, uncias sex MIXTURES, ETC 231 Fiat mistura, cujus capiat seger cochlearia tria magna omni bihorio donee alvus purgetur. Let a mixta re be made, of which let the patient take three table- spoonfuls every two hours until the bowels be purged. 132. Recipe, Aquse pluvialis, uncias duas Antimonii Potassio-Tartratis, gra- na tria Solve; hujus danda sunt cochlearia duo mediocria singulis horse quadrantibus, donee vomitus sequa- tur. Dissolve: of this (solution) two middling-sized (i. e. dessert) spoonfuls are to be given every quarter of an hour, until vomiting ensues. 133. Recipe, Infusi Sennas, uncias sex Tincturse Sennas, semiunciam Magnesia1 Sulphatis, unciam Fiat mistura, cujus capiat seger cochlearia duo magna, bis terve in hora,, donee adsit catharsis. Let a mixture be made, of which let thepatient take two tablespoonfuls twice or thrice in an hour until purging be present (i. e. come on). 134. Recipe, Catechu, semiunciam Aquse purse, uncias duodecim Coque ad uncias sex: stent donee fseces subsiderint: liquoris partem limpidam caute effunde. Boil to six ounces : let them stand until the dregs subside ; carefully pour off the clear part of the liquor. 135. Recipe, Decocti Aloes, uncias sex Sodse Sulphatis, unciam dimidiam Fiat mistura, cujus sumat seger cochlearia duo ordi- naria secunda quaque hora, donee, ample purga- verit. Let a mixture be made, of which let the patient take two common spoonfuls every second hour until it (i. e. the medicine) shall have amply purged. 136. Recipe, Acidi Nitrici, drachmam Aquse destillatse, uncias duodecim Syrupi Aurantii, sesquiunciam 232 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. Fiat mistura, quotidie sumenda, ope tubuli vitrei, partitis haustibus. Let a mixture be made, to be taken daily in divided draughts by means of a glass tube. 137. Capiat seger unciam dimidiam Infusi Senna? pro dosi, ex cyatho parvo Decocti Hordei. Let the patient take half an ounce of the Infusion of Senna for a dose, in a small cupful of barley water. 138. Capiat seger cyathum vinosum parvum Infusi Gentianse, secunda quaque hora. Let the patient take a small wineglassful of the Infusion of Gen- tian every second hour. 139. Recipe, Magnesise Carbonatis, semidrach- mam Pulveris Rhei, drachmam Aquse, Pimentse, uncias sex Misce. Sumantur cochlearia tria magna post unam- quamque sedem mollem; vitrio prius concusso. Mix. Let three tablespoonfuls be taken after each liquid evacuation, the bottle being previously shaken. 140. Recipe, Soda? Potassio-tartratis, drachmas sex Aquae Cinnamomi, uncias duas Fiat solutio, duabus vicibus sumenda. Let a tolu- lion be made, to be taken at twice. 141. Recipe, Infusi Quassia?, uncias sex Magnesias Sulphatis, unciam Fiat mistura, de qua capiat seger cochleare unum amplum bis terve in die. Let a mixture be made, of which let the patient take one tablespoonful twice or three times a day. H2. Recipe, Tincturae Opii, drachmam Mucilaginis Acaciae, uncias sex Spiritus ^Etheris nitrici, drachmas duas Misce. Bibat cochlearia tria subinde, urgente stran- MIXTURES, ETC. 233 guriii, aut in languore. Mix. Let the patient drink three tpoonfult when strangury is troublesome, or in languor. 143. Repetatur mistura pro re nata, si opus erit, ad vomitum sedandum. Let the mixture be repeated now and then, if there shall be occasion, to allay vomit- ing. 144. Recipe, Tincturse Opii, drachmam Syrupi Papaveris, drachmas duas Aquse Menthae, uncias sex Misce. Sumat unciam omni semihora, donee dolor mitescat. Mix. Let thepatient take one ounce every half hour until the pain is appeased. 145. Recipe, Tincturse Hyoscyami, drachmas duas Tincturse Castorei, drachmas duas Syrupi Rhosados, drachmam Aquse puras, uncias quatuor Misce. Sumat drachmas duas omni hora, si non dormiat. Mix. Let the patient take two drachms every hour, if he does not sleep. 146. Recipe, Magnesise Subcarbonatis, drach- mam dimidiam Tincturse Gentianse, drachmas tres Syrupi Aurantii, drachmas qua- tuor Aquas Pimenta?, uncias quatuor Misce. Capiat seger, acido infestante, cochleare amplum unum, vel alterum, ex poculo jusculi bo- vini. Mix. Let thepatient take one or two tablespoon- J'ult, in a cupful of beef tea, when troubled with acid (i. e. acidity of stomach). 147. Recipe, Rasurse Cornu Cervi, unciam Aquse, octarios quatuor Coque ad octarios duos, dein liquori colato, adde 20* 234 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. sacch ari albi quod satis est, et ad usum servetur. Boil to two pints, then add to the strained liquor as much as is sufficient of white sugar, and let it (i. e. the decoction) be kept for use. 148. Recipe, Infusi Senna?, uncias sex Sodse Sulphatis, unciam dimidiam Syrupi Rhamni, drachmas duas Fiat mistura. Detur imprimis uncia una, et inter- positis tribus vel quatuor horis, cochleare exhibea- tur si fuerit opus, et post duas alias horas, repeta- tur, dosis, si alvus antea non moveatur. Let a mix- ture be made. In the first place let an ounce be given, and three or four hours having intervened, let a spoonful be administered, if necessary, and after two more hours let the dose be repeated, if the bowels be not previously moved. CHAPTER IV. FORMS FOR DRAUGHTS, ETC. 149. Recipe, Magnesise Sulphatis, drachmas duas Infusi Sennse, unciam Syrupi Rhamni, drachmam Misce. Fiat haustus, in jusculo calido, partitis vi- cibus sumendus. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be taken at different timet in warm broth. 150. Recipe, Infusi Gentianae, unciam Tinctura? Cardamomi drachmam Fiat haustus, quem aeger sumat tribus, ante pran- DRAUGHTS, ETC. 235 dium horis. Let a draught be made, which let the patient take three hours before dinner. 161. Recipe, Infusi Sennas, unciam Sumatur pro re nata,; postea augendo minuendove quantitatem, prout sedes pauciores pluresve promo- verit. Let it be taken occasionally; afterwards increas- ing or diminishing the quantity according as it shall have excited more or less stools. 152. Recipe, Spiritas /Etheris nitrici, guttas viginti ( Liquoris Ammonia? Acetatis, drachmas duas Aqua? Mentha? viridis, unciam Fiat mistura salina, cujus capiat cochleare parvum, omni hora, cursu noctis. Let a saline mixture be made, of which let thepatient take a teaspoonful every hour in the course of the night. 153. Recipe, Potassa? Carbonatis, scrupulum Aquse Destillatse, drachmas decem Aquae Cinnamomi, drachmas duas Syrupi, drachmam Misce. Fiat haustus, cui tempore capiendi, adde succi limonis recentis, cochleare magnum unum, et in effervescentia sumatur. Mix. Let a draught be made, to which, at the time of taking, add one table- spoonful of lemon juice, and let it be taken during effer- vescence. 154. Recipe, Antimonii Potassio-Tartratis gra- num dimidium Aqua? purse, unciam Misce, ut fiat haustus statim sumendus, et repeta- tur post horas duas, si non antea ventriculus emeti- cum rejecerit, vel si alvus non laxata fuerit. Mix, that a draught may be made, to be taken immediately: and let it be repeated after two hours, if the stomach 236 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. shall not have previously rejected the emetic, or if the bowelt shall not have been opened. 155. Recipe, Tincturse Lavandula? compositse, drachmam Misturse Camphorse, uncias duas Misce, et fiat haustus, sexta quaque hora sumendus, si aderit vel spasma vel pulsus languor. Mix, and let a draught be made, to be taken every six hours, if spasm or languor of pulse be present. 156. Perstet in usu haustus nocturni, heri pras- scripti. Continue the use of the night-draught prescribed yesterday. 157. Sit in promptu, haustus cum Vini Colchici drachma, hora, somni sumendus, si redintegraverit malum arthriticum, vel involverint vigilise inter noctem. Let a draught with (containing) one drachm of wine of colchicum, be in readiness to be taken at the hour of sleep (i. e. bedtime), if the arthritic pain should have returned, or if the watchings should be troublesome during the night. 158. Repetatur porra haustus inter noctem cum Tinctura Opii, si vigiliae involverint vel increbuerit tussis. Moreover, let the draught with Tincture of Opium be repeated during the night, if the watchings thould be troublesome, or if the cough should become more frequent. 159. Recipe, Acidi Nitrici diluti, semiunciam Spiritus ^Etheris nitrici, drachmas tres Tincturse Hyoscyami, drachmas duas Aquae purae, octarios duos Syrupi, quantum sufficit Ad acorem compescendum, et gustum concilian- dum. Sumat quotidie instar potus, et bibat quan- DRAUGHTS, ETC. 237 turn sitis exigat. To moderate the acidity and please the palate. Let the patient take it daily, as a drink, and let him take as much as thirst may require. 160. Sumat segrotus omni mane, si possit, un- cias octo lactis asini, pro jentaculo. Let the patient take, every morning, if he can, eight ounces of ass's milk for breakfast. 161. Capiat aeger haustum catharticum proxima, luce navem conscendens: et si post navigationem vomitus supervenerit, bibat seger spiritus alicujus paululum aqua commixtum. Let the patient take a purging draught the day before embarking ; and if after sailing vomiting should come on, let him drink a little of some (kind of) spirit, mixed with water. 162. Recipe, Pulveris Radicis Ipecacuanha?, grana decem Antimonii Potassio - Tartratis, granum Aquse destillatse, fluidunciam cum semisse Misce. Fiat haustus, hora nona matutina sumen- dus. Vomitu superveniente, bibat seger, vicibus repetitis, Infusi Anthemidis aliquot cyathos. Vo- mitu finito, capiat pulverem sudorificuni. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be taken at nine o'clock in the morning. When vomiting comes on, let thepatient drink, at different times, some wineglassfuls of infusion of chamomile flowers: vomiting being finished, let the patient take a sudorific powder. 163. Recipe, Infusi Sennse, sesunciam Potassse-Tartratis, semiunciam Tinctura1 Cinnamomi composita?, fluidrachmas duas Ex his fiat haustus, summo mane deglutiendus. Repetatur idem, tertio quoque die. Of these let a 238 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. draught be made, lo be taken the first thing in the morn- ing. Let the same be repeated every third day. 164. Recipe, Tincturse Opii, guttas viginti Syrupi cujusvis, fluidrachmam Misturse Camphoras, fluidunciam Misce. Capiat seger haustulum hujusmodi, singulis noctibus, hora solita. Mix. Let the patient take a little draught of this kind every night, at the accustomed hour. 165. Recipe, Tincturse Castorei, guttas decem Spiritus vEtheris nitrici, guttas quindecim Potassa? Nitratis, grana sex Aquse Pimentas, unciam Misce. Fiat haustus in promptu habendus, et urgente febris paroxysmo sumendus. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be kept in readiness, and taken when the febrile paroxysm is troublesome. 166. Sumat aeger omni mane guttas novem acidi sulphurici diluti, ex jure vitulino. Let the patient take nine drops of diluted sulphuric acid in veal broth every morning. I'm. Recipe, Sambuci Corticis interioris, mani- pulum unum Incoquatur in Aquas octariis duobus ad octarium. Decocti hujus altera medietas mane, altera sero quotidie, assumatur, donee seger convalescat. Let it be boiled in two pints of water to one pint. Let half of this decoction be taken in the morning, and the remain- der in the evening, daily, until thepatient recovers. 168. Sumat tinctura? opii, guttas viginti in vehi culo calido conveniente. Let the patient take twenty drops of tincture of opium, in a vehicle made agreeably warm. DRAUGHTS, ETC. 239 169. Recipe, Pulveris Radicis Ipecacuanha?, scrupulum Aquse Menthas, unciam Misce; fiat haustus emeticus. Potione copiosa pura? aqua? tepefactas, vomitio bene provocetur. Mix. Let an emetic draught be made. Let full vomiting be produced, by a copious draught of pure tepid water. 170. Recipe, Infusi Gentiana? compositi, unciam Potassii Bromidi, grana quinque Fiat haustus, mane et hora quarta pomeridiana potandus. Let a draught be made, to be taken in the morning, and at four o'clock in the afternoon. 171. Recipe, Olei Ricini, unciam Potassa? Carbonatis, grana sex Aquae Pimentas, unciam Fiat secundum artem mistura pro una, dosi, quam- primum sumenda. Let a mixture be made according to art, one dose to be taken immediately. 172. Recipe, Tincturse Opii, guttas quindecim Syrupi Croci, drachmam Aquse Menthas viridis, unciam Misce, fiatque haustus, somno deficiente bibendus. Mix, and let a draught be made, to be taken when sleep is wanting. 173. Recipe, Tincturse Myrrhse, unciam dimi- diam Spiritus JEtheris nitrici, drachmam Syrupi Tolutani, drachmam Aqua' Pimentas, uncias duas Misce, et fiat mistura, de qua capiat unciam, si vel languores vel horrores contingant. Mix, and let a mixture be made, of which let the patient take an ounce, if either languors or shiveringt affect (thepatient). 174. Capiat acidi sulphurici diluti guttas decern, vel numero sufficientes ad moderatam aciditatem, in 240 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. singulis sel ibris decocti hordei. Let thepatient take in every half-pint of barley-water, ten, or a sufficient number of drops of diluted sulphuric acid to (produce) t.ioderate acidity. 175. Sequenti aurora, sumat olei ricini quantum satis sit ad alvum solvendam. On the following morning, let the patient take a sufficient quantity of cas- tor oil to open the bowel. 176. Sumat aeger vini antimonialis guttas vigin- ti, quarta, quinta, vel sexta, quaque hora, nausea non tamen excitanda. Let the patient take twenty drops of antimonial wine, every fourth, fifth, or sixth hour; nausea, however, not to be excited. 177. Recipe, Cupri Sulphatis, grana decem Aqua? Menthse sativas, unciam Syrupi simplicis, drachmam Fiat haustus, quando venenum in ventriculum re- ceptum est, sumendus. Let a draught be made, to be taken when poison has been received into the stomach. 178. Bibat Infusum Seminum Lini ad libitum. Let thepatient drink as much as he pleases of the infu- sion of linseed. 179. Recipe, Radicis Sarsaparillse, uncias duas Corticis Ulmi, semiunciam Aquas purse, octarios duos Coque ad octarium cum semisse, cola, et signetur decoctum, quod capiat ut ante. Boil to a pint and a half, strain, and let it be called (on the direction) the decoction, which let the patient take as before. 180. Recipe, Infusi Quassias, unciam Tincturse Gentianse, drachmam Misce. Fiat haustus, mane iterumque hora ante prandium, stornacho vacuo, sumendus. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be taken in the morning, and again an hour before dinner, when the stomach is empty. DRAUGHTS, ETC. 241 181. Recipe, Tincturae Opii, guttas quindecim Aquse Menthas sativse, unciam Syrupi Aurantii, drachmam Misce. Fiat haustus hora, somni, vel vespertina, vel sera, nocte sumendus. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be taken at bedtime, in the evening, or late at night. 182. Recipe, Potassso Carbonatis, scrupulum Syrupi Croci, drachmam Aquas Menthas piperitse, unciam Misce. Fiat haustus, cum succi limonum cochleare uno amplo, in impetu ipso effervescentia? sumendus. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be taken with one tablespoonful of lemon juice, in the height of efferves- cence. 183. Recipe, Tincturse Jalapa?, semidrachmam Infusi Sennse compositi, unciam Magnesise Sulphatis, drachmas duas Misce. Fiat haustus, secundis horis sumendus, donee alvus plene soluta sit. Mitte tales quatuor. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be taken every second hour, until the bowels are freely opened. Send four tuch (draughts). 184. Continuetur haustus nuperrime, prasscrip- tus. Let the draught very lately prescribed be con- tinued. 185. Recipe, Liquoris Ammonias Acetatis, un- ciam Spiritus iEtheris nitrici, semi- drachmam Tinctura1 Opii, guttas quindecim Aquse purse, drachmas duas Misce. Fiat haustus, quarta quaque hora capien- dus. Ut effectus sudorificus augeatur, adde singu- 242 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. lis haustibus antimonii potassio-tartratis, grani quartam partem. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be taken every fourth hour. That the sudorific effect may be increased, add to each draught a quarter of a grain of the potassio-tartrate of antimony. 186. Recipe, Tincturse Castorei, semidrachmam Tincturse Serpentarise, guttas de- cem Spiritus Ammonia? aromatici, gut- tas quindecim Aquse Pimentas, unciam Misce. Fiat haustus, si vigilia increbuerit, aut dolor capitis redintegraverit sumendus. Mix. Let a draught be made, lo be taken if the watching should have increased, or the pain of the head should have re- turned. 187. Perdomito symptomate, mane et sero, ad dies pauculos continuetur usus haustuum. The symptom being subdued, let the use of the draughts be continued, morning and evening, for a few days. 188. Continua haustum effervescentem, sicut jamjam paratum. Continue the effervescing draught, as already prepared. 189. Cochleare unum Tincturae Lavandulae com- positae per se propinari possit, bis vel ter durante paroxysmo, hora dimidia, vel integra interposita. One spoonful of the compound tincture of lavender may be taken by itself, twice or three times during the pa- roxysm, half an hour, or an hour, being interposed. 190. Recipe, Decocti Sarsaparilla? Compositi, octarium (fluiduncias viginti) Potassii Iodidi, scrupulum Sumat proculum (uncias quatuor) bis terve indies. Let the patient take a cupful (four ounces) twice or three timet a day. DRAUGHTS, ETC. 243 191. Recipe, Tincturse Opii, guttas viginti Misturse Cretse, unciam Fiat haustus, navem ingressurus, sumendus. Let a draught be made, to be taken when about to embark. 192. Recipe, Magnesise Sulphatis, unciam Acidi Sulphurici diluti, guttas de- cem Syrupi Rhceados, drachmam Aqua Mentha? piperita?, unciam Misce. Fiat haustus, cras primo mane sumendus, et repetatur tertiis vel quartis horis, ad alvum sol- vendam. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be taken early to-morrow morning, and repeated every third or fourth hour, to open the boicel. 193. Recipe, Misturse Cretse, unciam Syrupi Croci, drachmas duas Misce. Fiat haustus, quarta quaque hora sumen- dus, donee paroxysmi non discrucient, instillando alternis vicibus, si diarrhoea adfuerit, Tincturse Opii guttas duas vel tres. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be taken every fourth hour, until the paroxysms no longer distress (thepatient); adding every other time, if diarrhoea should be present, two or three drops of tinc- ture of opium. 194. Recipe, Tincturae Calumbae, drachmas duas Acidi Sulphurici diluti, guttas quin- decim Aquse Cinnamomi, unciam Syrupi Rhceados, drachmas duas Misce. Fiat haustus, quarta quaque hora sumendus, et tempore usus, adde singulis, si opus fuerit, ad prascavendam diarrhoeam, Tinctura? Opii guttas tres. Mix Let a draught be made, to be taken every fourth hour, amd at the time of using add to each draught, if necessanj, to prevent diarrhoea, three drops of Tincture of Opi'^ii. 244 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 195. Recipe, Infusi Digitalis, uncias tres ---- Gentianse compositi, uncias quatuor Syrupi Croci, unciam Misce. Fiant haustus sex. Sumat unam sextis horis, per spatium nycthemeri, si vires permittant. Let six draughts be made. Let the patient take one every six hours, for the space of one night and day (i. e. twenty-four hours), if the strength permit. 196. Recipe, Infusi Calumbas, sesquiunciam Potassse Hydriodatis, grana quin- que Syrupi Aurantii, drachmas duas Misce. Fiat haustus, meridie et hora quinta pome- ridiana sumendus, per septimanam integram vel ulterius, si opus fuerit. Mix. Let a draught be made, to be taken at noon and at five o'clock in the afternoon, for one'whole week, or longer, if necessary. 197. Recipe, Balsami Copaibas, drachmas tres Misturse Acacia?, drachmas sex Liquoris Potassse, drachmam unam cum semisse Syrupi Aurantii, unciam dimidiam Aquse Destillatse, uncias quatuor cum semisse Misce. Capiat cochlearia duo vel tria, quartis horis. Mix. Let the patient take two or three table- spoonfuls every four hours. 198. Recipe, Balsami Copaibas, partes duas Liquoris Potassse, partes tres Aquae Destillahc, partes septem Coque per quadrantem horse et tunc adde Spiritus iEtheris nitrici, partem unam. Stet per horas duas vel tres DRAUGHTS, ETC. 245 Capiat aeger, liquoris limpidi supernatantis, coch- leare medium unum ter die. Boil during a quarter of an hour, and then add one part of spirit of nitric ether. Let [the mixture] stand for two or three hours. Let thepatient take, three times a day, one dessertspoonful of the limpid supernatant liquor. 199. Recipe, Balsami Copaibas, unciam dimi- diam Vitellum unius Ovi Sacchari puri, unciam His bene subactis terendo, adde paulatim Aquvc Mentha? viridis, uncias sex, ut fiat emulsio. To these, well incorporated by rubbing, add gradually six ounces of spearmint water, that an emulsion may be made. 200. Recipe, Calomelanos, grana tria Confectionis Opiatae, grana sex Misce; fiat bolus, statim sumendus. Vespere nisi prius bis saltem dejecerit alvus, capiat (asger homo) Olei Ricini unciam dimidiam (vel semiunciam), vel quantum sufficiat, ad alvum solvendam. Mix. Let a bolus be made, to be taken immediately. Unless the bowels shall have been twice previously evacuated, let the patient take in the evening, half an ounce, or as much as may be sufficient, of castor oil, to open the bowels. Alvo, hisce medicamentis, libere soluta, incipiat sumere haustum sequentem. The bowels being freely opened by these medicines, let him begin to take the fol- lowing draught. Recipe, Liquoris Ammonia? Acetatis, semiunciam Aquae Cinnamomi, unciam unam Vini Antimonialis, guttas quindecim Syrupi Papaveris albi drachmam Misce; fiat haustus Februarii die vigesimo tertio. 21* 246 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 201. Repetantur remedia olim (penultima) prsc- scripta, non novissime instituta. Si alvus adstricta fuerit, magnesia vitriolata augeatur, ut alvus satis soluta fuerit. Let the remedies formerly (the last time but one) prescribed be repeated, not the last ordered. If the bowels be bound, let the vitriolated (i. e. sulphate of) magnesia be increased, that they may be sufficiently opened. Martis die undecimo. 202. Recipe, Infusi Sennse, unciam cum semisse (vel sesquiunciam) Manna?, unciam dimidiam Tincturse Jalapas, unciam unam Misce. Capiat (seger homo) cochleare largum unum, hora tertia qua<|ue, donee sedes tres vel quatuor procurantur. Mix. Let thepatient take a tablespoon- ful every third hour, until three or four stools are pro- cured. Recipe, Linimenti Ammonias, drachmas sex Unguenti Hydrargyri fortioris, drachmam unam Misce; fiat linimentum, cervici et scapulis omni nocte et mane, manu calida, assidue applicandum ; superimponendo pannum laneum eodem imbutum. Et post operationem Misturse Sennas ad usum Mis- turse Antimonialis in promptu confugiat. Mix. Let a liniment be made, to be assiduously applied night \and morning to the neck and shoulders with the warm hand; afterwards applying a woollen cloth moistened with the same (i. e. liniment). And after the operation of the senna mixture, let him return to the use of the antimonial mixture, (which it to be kept) in readiness. Novembris die vigesimo quarto. POWDERS, PILLS, ETC. 247 203. Recipe, Guaiaci Ligni rasi, unciam unam Sassafras Radicis, unciam dimi- diam Aquse destillatse, libras duas Coque igne leni ad libram unam, sub finem coctionis addantur Glycyrrhizas radicis contusa? drachma? duas, et cola: cujus capiat cochlearia tria ampla ter quotidie. Boil, by a gentle heat, to one pound; let two drachms of bruised liquorice root be added towards the end of the coction, and strain ; of this let the patient take three tablespoonfuls three times a day. Octobris die decimo. CHAPTER V. FORMS FOR POWDERS, TILLS, ETC. 204. Prosit forsan dare asgro, lectum ituro, pulveris hydrargyri chloridi grana quinque. Per- haps it may be beneficial to give the patient, when about going to bed, five grains of chloiide of mercury. 205. Recipe, Coccinellse, scrupulum Sodii Chloridi drachmas duas Misce. Fiat pulvis. Detur cochleare dimidium pro dosi, tempore matutino. Mix. Let a powder be made. Let half a spoonful be given for a dose in the morning. 206. Recipe, Pulveris Jalapas, drachmas duas Hydrargyri Chloridi, semidrach- mam Misce. Dentur grana duodecim ad viginti et qua- 248 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. tuor, quando alvi ductione opus sit. Mix. Let [from] twelve to twenty-four grains be given, when there may be occasion to open the bowel. 207. Recipe, Magnesise Carbonatis, semiunciam Foeniculi seminum Sacchari purificati, ana, drachmam Terantur in pulverem. Dosis quantum cultri apice capi potest, ssepius in die. Let them be rubbed into a powder. The dose is as much as can be taken on the point of a knife, frequently during the day. 208. Recipe, Hydrargyri Chloridi, drachmam Confectionis Rosse, quantum satis sit Contunde in massam, et divide in pilulas triginta. Sumatur una bis indies, ut cieatur ptyalismus mo- dicus. Beat them into a mass, and divide into thirty pills. Let one be taken twice a day, that moderate ptyalism may be produced. 209. Augeatur dosis Pulveris Jacobi veri ad grana sex. Let the dose of James's powder be increased to six grains. 210. Recipe, Hydrargyri Oxydi rubri, granum Opii, tertiam grani partem ^ Caryophyllorum Olei, guttam Fiat pilula, hora somni per hebdomadam sumenda. Let a pill be made, to be taken at bedtime during the week. 211. Recipe, Myrrhae Gummi-resinae, semidrach- mam Sacchari puri semiunciam Tere simul in pulverem. Dosis drachma una ter quaterve indies, e quovis liquore idoneo. Rub them together into a powder. The dose is one drachm three or four times a day, in any proper liquid. POWDERS, PILLS, ETC. 249 212. Recipe, Pulveris Opii, grana tria Extracti Glycyrrhizae, grana octo Fiant pilulas binse, nocte sumenda? ad vicem secun- dam. Let two pills be made, to be taken at night, for twice (i. e. two nights). 213. Recipe, Capsici seminum contritorum, grana sex Lauri baccarum, scrupulos duos Misce. Fiat pulvis dividendus in tres partes sequales, quarum prima portio sumatur incipiente primore rigore; secunda, postridie eadem hora; tertia vero tertio die. Mix. Let a powder be made, to be divided into three equal parts, of which let the first part be taken at the beginning of the first rigor, the second at the same hour of the following day, and the third on the third day. 214. Recipe, Confectionis Opii, scrupulum unum Pro re nata, sumatur, si diarrhoea permaneat. Let it be taken occasionally, if the diarrhoea remain. 215. Recipe, Extracti Colocynthidis compositi, drachmam Hydrargyri Chloridi, grana duo- decim Fiat massa, in pilulas duodecim dividenda. Let a mass be made, to be divided into twelve pills. Capiat summo mane tres, et postea duas, si alvus, horis sex, non satis dejecerit. Let the patient take three early in the morning, and two six hours afterwards, if the bowel be not sufficiently evacuated. 216. Recipe, Pulveris Rhei, scrupulum Hydrargyri Chloridi, grana quin- que Syrupi Althaea?, quantum sufBcit ut fiat bolus, hora somni sumendus et alternis noc- tibus repetendus, ad duas vel tres vices. That a 250 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. bolus may be made, to be taken at bedtime, and to be repealed every other night, for two or three times. 217'. Recipe, Extracti Cicutae, semidrachmam Fiant pilulas quindecim, in pulvere cicuta? invol- vendse. Mitte in chartacea pyxide. Let fifteen pills be made, to be rolled in hemlock powder. Send them in a paper box. 218. Recipe, Extracti Colocynthidis, semidrach- mam Pulveris Scammonii, scrupulum Hydrargyri Chloridi, grana duo- decim Misce. Fiant pilulas duodecim; quarum capiat unam nocte, quoties alvus fuerit justo adstrictior. Mix. Let twelve pills be made, of which let thepatient take one at night, as often as the bowel is more confined than it ought to be. 219. Recipe, Extracti Elaterii, granum dimi- dium ----Colocynthidis compositi, gra- na quinque Olei essentialis Menthas piperita?, guttam unam In pilulam conficiantur cras, mane deglutiendam, iterumque mane perendino. Let them be made into a pill, to be taken to-morrow morning, and again the morning after to-morrow. 220. Ad nauseam supprimendam, bibat asger spiritus alicujus paululum aqua commixtum. To prevent nausea, let the patient take a little of some spirit mixed with water. 221. Recipe, Corticis Cinchonas Pulveris, grana quindecim ad drachmas duas Capiat e cyatho vini generosissimi hora? quadrantis ad horas quatuor, intervallo, ita ut seger sumat drachmas sex ad minimum, inter duos paroxysmos POWDERS, PILLS, ETC. 251 Let the patient take it in a glass of the best (most gene- rous) wine, every quarter of an hour, for four hours during the interval (of the paroxysm), so that thepatient may take at least six drachms between the paroxysms. 222. Recipe, Extracti Elaterii, grana duo Sacchari purificati, drachmam unam Optime terantur simul, dein in pulveres octo sequales dividantur, quorum capiat aeger unum omni horas quadrante, donee adsit catharsis. Let them be well rubbed together, then divided into eight equal powders, of which let the patient take one every quarter of an hour, until purging take place. 223. Accipiat vespere Jalapas Pulveris, grana quindena Hydrargyri Chloridi, grana quinque Conterantur in molem syrupo simplici, ut fingantur globuli terni asquales. Let the patient take fifteen grains of Jalap and five of Calomel in the evening. Let them be rubbed into a mass with simple syrup, that they may make three equal globules (pills). 224. Recipe, Soda? Carbonatis exsiccata? drach- mam unam Saponis duri, scrupulos quatuor Olei Juniperi, guttas viginti Syrupi Zingiberis, quantum sufficit ut fiat massa, in pilulas triginta dividenda, e quibus capiat tres indies, contra calculos renum. That a mass may be made, to be divided into thirty pills, of which let the patient take three daily, against renal cal- culi. 225. Recipe, Pulveris Jalapa?, drachmas duas Hydrargyri Chloridi, grana viginti quatuor Misce, et in pulveres duodecim divide, quorum capiat duos vel tres, ut necesse sit ad sedes. Mix, 252 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. and divide into twelve powders, of which let the patient take two or three, as may be necessary, for (i. e. to pro- duce) stools. 226. Recipe, Potassa? Sulphatis, scrupulos duos in semipoculo aquse tepidse solutos, cum guttis vi- ginti Tincturse Digitalis sumendos. To be dissolved in half a cupful of warm water, to be taken with twenty drops of tincture of foxglove. 227. Recipe, Pulveris Cinchona?, drachmam unam Sit pulvis, secundis horis, in cyatho lactis, absente paroxysmo, sumendus. Let it be a powder, to be taken every other hour, in a cup of milk, during the absence of the paroxysm. 228. Sumantur Pulveris Calumbse, grana decem Singulis auroris ex pulte. Let ten grains of powder of calumba be taken every morning in gruel. 229. Recipe, Pulveris Nitratis Potassse ----Potassse Sulphatis, ana, gra- na quindecim Fiat pulvis, in promptu habendus, et urgente pa- roxysmo sumendus. Let a powder be made, to be had in readiness, and taken when the paroxysm is trouble- some. 230. Recipe, Pulveris Jalapas, drachmam ----Scammonii, scrupulum unum Hydrargyri Chloridi, grana viginti Syrupi Simplicis, quantum sufficit ut fiat massa, in pilulas viginti dividenda, e quibus capiantur bina?, ad alvum officii immemorem exci- tandam. That a mass may be made, to be divided into twenty pills, of which let two be taken to excite the bowels unmindful of their offer (i. e. constipated benepius in ore, et manducet hujusmodi medi- camentum expuatque salivam. Let two masticatories be made, according to the rules of art, by [the aid of] heat; let the patient frequently hold a medicine of this kind in his mouth ; let him chew it, and spit out the saliva. 301. Suffiet seger fauces ejus cum vapore ex acidi sulphurici uncia, dimidia, cui primum adjunc- tse fuerint Chloridi Sodii uncise duas. Let thepatient fumigate his throat with the vapour from half an ounce of sulphuric acid, to which should first be added two ounces of chloride of sodium. 302. Recipe, Picis liquidas, sesquiunciam Sulphuris sublimati, semiunciam Cera1 Flavie, unciam Lento igne liquefac, ut fiat unguentum. Melt, by a gentle heat, that an ointment may be made. 268 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 303. Recipe, Olei Olivse, unciam Cera? Albas, drachmas duas Misce. Fiat linimentum, quocum illinantur partes denudatae, bis quotidie. Mix. Let a liniment be made, with which let the denuded parts be anointed twice a day. 304. Inhaletur pulmonibus setheris sulphurici vapor, ter quotidie. Let the vapour of sulphuric ozther be inhaled three times in a day. 305. Recipe, Dauci Radicis, quantum sufficit. Coque in aqua, ad aptam moUitiem, in pulpam de- inde contunde. Boil in water to a proper consistence, then beat into a pulp. 306. Recipe, Liquoris Plumbi Acetatis diluti, octarium Lintea quadruplicata hocce liquore frigido made- facta, partibus inflammatis applicentur, et sicpius renoventur. Let linen, four times folded, and moistened with this cold liquid, be applied to the inflamed parts, and renewed frequently. 307. Recipe, Magnesise Sulphatis, unciam Juris avenacei, octarium dimidium Olei Olivse, semiunciam vel Butyri quantitatem juglandis Misce pro enemate statim injiciendo. Mix for an enema lo be injected immediately. 308. Exscindatur pars morsa, et postea appli- cetur vulneri Potassa Fusa. Let the bitten part be cut out, and fused potash afterwards applied to the wound. 309. Recipe, Pulveris Asari ----Veratri, ana, drachmam ----Glycyrrhizae, drachmas duas Misce. Fiat pulvis cujus aliquantillum naribus in- suffletur ante decubitum, ad sternutamentum exci- EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 269 tandum. Mix, let a. powder be made, of which let a small portion be snuffed up the nostrils before lying down (i. e. bedtime), to excite sneezing. 310. Inungatur hypochondrio sinistro, scrupulus unguenti hydrargyri fortioris, undecima hora ante meridiem, et quarta post meridiem indies. Let a scruple of the stronger mercurial ointment be rubbed into the left hypochondrium, at eleven o'clock in the forenoon, and at four o'clock in the afternoon, daily. . 311. Recipe, Lapidis Calaminaris, drachmam Eo conspergantur partes adfectse, sub qualibet deii- gatione. Let the affected parts be sprinkled with it, under any bandage. 312. Recipe, Liquoris Potassse, drachmam Aqua? Fontanse, uncias sex Misce. Hujus liquoris tepidi, quantum cavo capi potest, quotidie bis injiciatur, in aurem segram su- pinatam, ac detineatur per aliquot minuta, dein aure prona rursus emittatur. Mix. Let as much of this tepid liquor as can be taken by the hollow (the concha and meatus auditorius externus) be injected, twice a day, into the diseased ear (placed upwards), and let it be kept therefor some minutes, then let it be afterwards evacuated, the ear being turned downwards. 313. Recipe, Zinci Oxydi, drachmam Fiat pulvis, inclusus sindone rara excutiatur super parte excoriata, prius detersa, Let a powder be made, to be inclosed in fine linen; let it be sprinkled over the excoriated part, first cleansed. 314. Recipe, Cretse prscparatse, unciam In partes excoriatas ex gossipio asperge. Sprinkle it from cotton on the excoriated parts. _ "316 Admoveatur parti adfectse, spongiola, aqua calida imbuta. Let a small sponge wetted with warm water be applied to the part affected. 270 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 316. Vesica suilla, aqua calida ad dimidium re- pleta, admoveatur lateri dolenti; firmetur ligamine, tum super ponatur sacculus arena calidissima plenus, qui frigescens iterum calefiat, aut ei mox substitua- tur alius jam calefactus. Continuentur hsec donee dolor remiserit. Let a pig's bladder, half filled with warm water, be applied to the painful side. Let it be fastened on by a band, then let a little bag, filled with very hot sand, be placed upon it, (and) which cooling, is again to be made hot, or let another already made hot be afterwards substituted for it. Let this be continued until the pain shall have abated. 317. Cataplasma calidum, irroratum prius tan- tillo Spiritus Camphoras, applicetur cum pannis laneis parti adfectse, et vesica, suilla oleo inadefecta detineatur; renovetur quolibet trihorio. Let a hot cataplasm, previously moistened with a little spirit of camphor, be applied, by means of woollen cloths, to the affected part, and let a pig's bladder, moistened with oil, be kept on (there): let it be renewed every third hour. 318. Admoveatur calidum cataplasma parti af- fecta?, cum panno linteo quadruplicato. Let a hot cataplasm be applied to the part affected, with linen four times folded. 319. Recipe, Unguenti Hydrargyri Nitrico-oxydi Unguenti Resinse, ana, semiun- ciam Misce. Fiat unguentum, quo leniter inungatur locus adfectus, ac dein tegatur emplastro plumbi, super alutam extenso. Mix. Let an ointment be made, with which let the affected place be slightly anointed, and then covered with lead plaster, spread upon leather. 320. Recipe, Hydrargyri Chloridi, drachmam Adipis Suillae, unciam unam Misce. Super pannum linteum extende, et cuti af- EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 271 fectas applica. Mix. Spread [it] upon leather, and apply [ii] to the affected skin. 321. Hauriatur vapor calidus, ope infundibuli, in fauces. Let hot vapour be drawn into the fauces by means of a funnel. 322. Recipe, Pulveris Opii, semidrachmam i Unguenti Cetacei, unciam Misce; fiat unguentum. Hujus pauxillo inungatur locus umbilici subinde; aut magnitudinis dimidia juglandis nucis, putamine decerpto eidem loco adpo- natur. Mix. Let an ointment be made. With a little of this, let the umbilical region be anointed now and then; or let a piece half the size of a walnut without its shell be applied to the same place. 323. Recipe, Linimenti Saponis, unciam Liquoris Ammoniae, drachmas qua- tuor Tincturse Opii, drachmam Misce. In languore, aut paroxysmo hysterico, illi- natur naribus, temporibus, et cseteris, hujus lini- menti paululum. Mix. Let a little of this liniment be rubbed on the nostrils, temples, $c. in languor, or in the hysteric paroxysm. 324. Recipe, Hydrargyri Bichloridi, grana decem Acidi Hydrochlorici, semidrachmam Aquae Rosse, uncias decem Misce. Tantillo hujus liquoris laventur, mane et vespere, partes infestata1. Mix. Let the infested parts be washed, morning and evening, with a little of this liquor. 325. Recipe, Pulpa? Colocynthidis, drachmam Olei Olivarum, unciam Misce, et coque leni igne, donee pulpa torqueri videatur; dein massam adhuc calentem cola, et cum ea illinatur abdomen, et prsecipue umbilici regio. 272 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. Mix, and boil over a slow fire, until the pulp appears to be crisp; then strain the mass while hot, and let the ab- domen, and especially the umbilical region, be anointed with it. 326. Recipe, Zinci Oxydi, drachmam Aquse Rosse, uncias octo Misce. Fiat collyrium, quo concusso imbutum lin- teum quadruplicatum imponatur oculo adfeeto. Mix. Let a collyrium be made, with which, when shaken up, quadruplicate linen is to be moistened and applied to the. affected eye. 327. Recipe, Unguenti Hydrargyri Nitratis, un- ciam Cerati Saponis, unciam dimidiam Misce. Hujus tantillo illinantur palpebrse omni vespere, cubitum ituro, ope plumse mollis. Mix. Let the eyelids be anointed, by means of a soft feather, with a little of this, every evening when the patient i* about to go to bed. 328. Recipe, Tincturse Cantharidis, unciam di- midiam Linimenti Saponis, sesquiunciam Misce. Fiat linimentum, quo partes adfectse per- fricandse sunt, et postea tegautur lanula. Mix. Let a liniment be made, with which the affected parts are to be rubbed, and afterwards let them be covered with flannel. 329. Recipe, Camphorse, drachmam Olei Amygdalarum, unciam Misce, et instilla guttas quatuor auri, pro re nata. Mix, and occasionally let four drops fall into the. ear. 330. Recipe, Extracti Opii, grana decem Tincturse Castorei, drachmam Misce, et applicetur paululum, auri affecta, omni EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 273 nocte cum gossipio. Mix, and let a little be applied with cotton to the affected ear every night. 331. Recipe, Linimenti Saponis, unciam Tincturae Opii, drachmam Misce. Fiat linimentum, cum panno laneo faucibus externis applicandum. Mix. Let a liniment be made, to be applied with a. woollen cloth to the external fauces. 332. Recipe, Olei Amygdala?, unciam Camphorse, drachmam Misce, pro linimento, quocum tangantur papillae ter quaterve in die. Mix, for a liniment, with which let the nipples be touched three or four times a day. 333. Recipe, Acidi sulphurici diluti, drachmam Solutionis Aluminis compositse, semiunciam Aqua? purse, uncias sex Probe commisceantur. Indatur nari ex quS, san- guis stillat, turunda ex linteo raso, humectata hoc liquore et relinquenda illic, per dies duos. Let them be well mixed. Let a pellet of scraped linen [i. e. lint], moistened with this liquor, be placed in the nostril from which the blood flows, and left therefor the space of two days. 334. Recipe, Florum Sambuci, libras duas Coque in aquas libris quatuor. Foveantur, eo de- cocto, saspius in die, caput, fades, oculi, aliseque partes erysipelate tentatas. Let the head, face, eyes, and other parts affected with erysipelas, be fomented with this decoction frequently during the day. 335. Recipe, Decocti Hordei, libram dimidiam Magnesise Sulphatis, uncias duas Fiat enema, urgente tenesmo injiciendum. Let an enema be made, to be injected when the tenesmus is trou- blesome. 274 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 336. Recipe, Tincturae Lyttas, drachmas qua- tuor Liquoris Ammonias, unciam Linimenti Saponis, drachmas duas Misce; fiat linimentum, quo guttur et postera para colli perfricanda sunt, donee vesica? appareant, dein desiste per diem, et applica unguentum cetacei. Mix; let a liniment be made, with which the throat and posterior part of the neck are to be rubbed until vesicles appear; then desist for a day, and apply spermaceti ointment. 337. Recipe, Farina? Lini, libram Aquse bullientis, quantum sufficit Ut fiat cataplasma admovendum calide loco adfeeto; renovetur quater de die; cum arescat tantillo bu- tyri insulsi emolliatur. That a cataplasm may be made, to be applied hot to the part affected; let it be re- newed four times in the day ; when it becomes dry, let it be softened with a little fresh (i. e. unsalted) butter. 338. Admoveantur lintea aqua, frigida made- facta, vel si fieri possit glacies, raso capiti. Let linen wetted with cold water, or ice, if it can be done, be applied to the shaven head. 339. Recipe, Mica- Panis, libras duas Tincturse Lyttse, uncias duas Decocti Papaveris, quantum suf- ficit Ut fiat cataplasma. Applica hoc ad cutem per hoi a' dimidium, aut tamdiu donee inflammationem satis magnam excitatam, dolor fervidus, et rubor partis tumentis testentur. Apply this to the skin for half an hour, or at least until the intense pain and redness of the swollen part show that sufficiently great inflammation has been excited. EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 275 340. Recipe, Calaminaris Pulveris, unciam Creta? prseparatas, semiunciam Fiat pulvis. Ictra linteum consutum applicetur, renovando simul ac maduerit. Let a powder be made. Let it be applied, sewed up in linen, and renewed as soon as it becomes moist. 341. Recipe, Pulveris Opii, grana quinque Saponis, drachmam Misce, et fiat suppositorium, post alvum exoneratam applicandum. Mix, and let a suppository be made, to be applied after the bowels have been evacuated. 342. Foveantur gingiva? aqua calida. Let the gums be fomented with hot water. 343. Recipe, Infusi Rosas, uncias sex Acidi Sulphurici diluti, drachmam Misce. Colluantur fauces hoc gargarismate. Mix. Let the fauces be ivashed with this gargle. 344. Recipe, Olei Olivse, unciam Liquoris Potassse, drachmas duas Misce. Fiat linimentum, hujus pauxillo oblinatur abdomen bis terve quotidie. Mix. Let a liniment be made, with a little of which let the abdomen be anointed twice or three times daily. 345. Recipe, Magnesias Sulphatis, unciam Tincturse Opii, guttas viginti quin- que Jusculi, semilibram Fiat enema. Injiciatur hora somni tertia quaque nocte. ad tres vices, dein repetatur alternis noctibus usque ad quartam vicem, si opus sit. Let an enema be made. Let it be injected every third night, for three times, then let it be repeated every other night, until the fourth time, if necessary. 346. Hecipc, Unguenti Hydrargyri Nitratis, un- ciam dimidiam Unguenti Cetacei, unciam 276 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. Misce. Hujus unguenti, pauxillum, ope penicilli camelini, oculo afleeto applicetur nocte et inane. Mix. Let a little of this ointment be applied lo the affected eye by means of a camel's hair pencil, night and morning. "47. Recipe, Alumlnis, scrupulum Cretse prsepaiata, drachmam Misce diligentissime, ui fiat pulvis, cujus insperga- tur pauxillum super mamillas pro re nata. Mix very carefully, that a powder may be made, of which let a little be occasionally sprinkled upon the nipples. 348. Admoveatur extractum belladonna? super- cilio et regioni supraorbital! vespere. Let the ex- tract of deadly nightshade be applied to the eyebrow, and the siiprii-orbiial region. 349. Kecipe, Hydrargyri Chloridi, grana duo Sacchari albi, scrupulum Fiat pulvis, cujus parum infletur, ope calami, in oculum affectum, semel vel bis in die. Let a powder be made, of which let a little be blown into the affected eye, by means of a quill, once or twice in a day. 350. Recipe, Radicis Dauci, libram Coque in aquse fontanse quanto sufficit, et per seta- ceum trajice pulpam, cui adde unciam dimidiam adipis, ut fiat cataplasma, calide adhibendum. Boil in a sufficient quantity of spring-water, and pass the pulp through a sieve, to which [i. e. the pulp] add half an ounce of lard, that a cataplasm may be made, to be ap- plied hot. 351. Vespere appropinquante, si opus sit, inji- ciatur clysma beri prsescriptum. Let the clyster, prescribed yesterday, be injected the approaching (i. e. next) evening, if necessary. 352. Fiat setaceum ad medium brachium. Let a seton be made in the middle of the arm. EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 277 353. Fovcantur artus, cum decocto anthemidis. Let the joints be fomented with decoction of chamomile flowers. 354. Recipe, Conii Foliorum, uncias duas Aquse ferventis, libras duas Colatura sit pro fotu, qui cum pannis laneis parti affecta admoveatur, mane horis duabus, antequam e lecto assurgat, et nocte post decubitum, donee symptoma penitus evanuerit. Let it be strained for a fomentation, which let be applied with woollen cloths to the affected part, for two hours in the morning before the patient gets up, and at night after going to bed, until the symptom, shall have entirely vanished. 355. Recipe, Tinctura; Opii, drachmam Linimenti Saponis, unciam Fiat linimentum, cum quo bene fricentur tempora et detonsum caput. Let a liniment be made, with which let the temples and shaved head be well rubbed. 350. Inhalet singulis noctibus, in lecto, vaporem aqua? calidas, cui tempore usus, adde, cochlearia duo minima aetheris rectificati. Let the patient inhale the vapour of warm water, every night, in bed, to which [i. e. the water], at the time of use, add two teaspoonfuls of rectified ether. 357. Exploretur vesica urinaria, ope catheteris, et extrahatur urina. Let the urinary bladder be ex- plored by means of the catheter, and let the urine be drawn off. 358. Colluantur os et gingivae bis terve in die cum Tinctura Myrrhas guttis viginti in aquse tepidse cyatho. Let the gums be washed twice or thrice a day, with twenty drops of tincture of myrrh, in a cupful of warm water. 24 278 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 359. Recipe, Hydrargyri Oxydi cinerei, scrupu- lum, vel Hydrargyri Bisulphureti, semi- drachmam Fiat pulvis pro fumigatione, faucibus internis, omni nocte more solito, adhibendus. Let a powder be made for a fumigation to the internal fauces, to be used every night in the accustomed manner. 360. Fiat fonticulus crure, infra vel supra genu. Let an issue be made in the leg, below or above the knee. 361. Instituatur paracentesis abdominis et edu- catur aqua. Let lapping of the belly be performed, and let the water be drawn off. 362. Affricetur parti affecta? singulis noctibus unguenti hydrargyri fortioris, magnitudo fabse equina?, deinde applicetur cataplasma ex liquore plumbi acetatis diluto, mica panis et farina lini. Let the size of a horse-bean of strong mercurial ointment be rubbed into the part affected every night, then let a cataplasm of dilute solution of acetate of lead, with crumb of bread and linseed meal, be applied. 363. Recipe, Argenti Nitratis, scrupulum Aqua? destillatse, uncias sex Fiat mistura, et cum hac illinatur partes affecta? singulis noctibus hora somni, prius detersa?; vel linteum in eadem madefiat, et per totam noctem gestetur. Let a mixture be made, and with this let the parts affected, first cleansed, be anointed every night at bedtime, or let linen be moistened with the same, and worn during the whole night. .364. Utatur balneo, ad gradum nonagesimum calefacto, bis in septimana. Let thepatient use twice a week a water bath heated to ninety degrees. 365. Recipe, Fellis Bovis, uncias duas Olei Amygdalarum, semiunciam EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 279 Misce. Fiant guttas acousticse, bis die applicandse. .'///. Let the acoustic (i. e. for the ear) drops be made, to be applied twice a day. 366. Utatur ssger equitatione subinde, si fieri possit. Let the patient use horse exercise now and then, if he can. 367. Mittatur fistula armata. Let an armed clys- ter-pipe (i. e. pipe and bladder) be sent. 368. Recipe, Zinci Sulphatis, scrupulum Aquse purse, uncias sex Misce. Fiat injectio, quae ex syphone eburneo in urethram injiciatur, mane et nocte. Mix. Let an injection be made, which let be injected from an ivory syringe into the urethra morning and night. 369. Recipe, Liquoris Ammonia? Acetatis, un- ciam Ammonias Hydrochloratis, drach- mas duas Aquse, libram Fiat lotio, nocte cubitum ituro tumoribus appli- canda. Mitte libras duas cum directione propria. Let a lotion be made, to be applied to the tumors at bed- time. Send two pounds, with a proper direction. 370. Fiat fonticulus purulentus ad medium bra- chium, ope potassse fusse. Let an issue be made in the middle of the arm, by means of fused potash. 371. Caute tangantur clavi, acido sulphurico, ope penicilli; dein tegantur emplastro plumbi. Let the corns be cautiously touched with sulphuric acid, by means of a pencil; I hen let them be covered over with lead plaster. 372. Recipe, Unguenti Cetacei, unciam unam Pulveris Opii, scrupulum dimidium Fiat unguentum, cujus paululum pro re nata, appli- cetur. urgente ani prurigine. Let an ointment be 280 UNABBREVIATED PRESCRIPTIONS. 1 made, of which let a little be occasionally applied when itching of the anus is troublesome. 373. Recipe, Linimenti Camphorse, sesquiunciam Tincturae Cantharidis, unciam di- midiam Misce. Fiat linimentum, quocum fricetur pars af- fecta ter quaterve indies. Mix. Let a liniment be made, with which let the part affected be rubbed three or four times in a day. 374. Recipe, Nicotianae, drachmam Aquae communis, octarium Coque per sextam partem hora? et cola ; adde li- quori Sodse Sulphatis, uncias duas Solve, et fiat enema, statim injiciendum, contra in- sultos apoplecticos, vel affectus soporosos adhiben- dum. Dissolve, and let an enema be made, to be ap- plied immediately, to be used against apoplectic attacks or soporific affections. 375. Mitte Emplastrum Galbani super alutam inducendum. Send a galbanum plaster, spread upon leather. 376. Adhibeatur lavatio, frigida vel tepida, prout segro gratius erit. Let either cold or tepid washing be used, according as it may be more agreeable to thepatient. 377. Capilli radantur, et caput postea panniculo lotionefngida imbuto circumdetur. Let the hair [of the head] be shaved off, and afterwards let the head be surrounded with a cloth, moistened with the cold lotion. S7H. Recipe, Hydrargyri Bichloridi, grana decem Aquas Purae, uncias decern Misce. Hoc liquore ter de die, injiciatur ulcus opesiphonis; post singulas injectiones matoria re- unquatur intra ulcus, et coerceatur per dimidium EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS, ETC. 281 horse, clausis omnibus aperturis, tumque externe prematur leniter ulcus, ut liquor ejectus per omnes sinus et meatus propellatur. Mix. Let the ulcer be injected with this liquor three times in a day, by means of a syringe ; after each injection, let the matter (liquid) be left within the ulcer, and let it be kept there for half an hour, all the apertures being shut, and then let the ulcer be lightly pressed externally, that the ejected liquor may be propelled through all the sinuses and passages. 379. Recipe, Decocti Malvse compositi (cum Foeniculi Seminum contusorum, drachmis tribus), uncias qua- tuordecim Fiat enema, statim tepide injiciendum. Let an enema be made, to be immediately injected warm. 24* INDEX OF SOME OF THE PRINCIPAL SUBJECTS, TERMS, AND EXPLANATORY NOTES. Abbreviations . . 96 Ammon . 97 Abdomen . 73,74 Amplitudo . 64 Accent . 135 Amylum . 82, 139 Accedo • ) Anagraphe . 13 Accessus . . £~8 Ancon . 72 Accessio ) Animus ■21 Accommodo . 25 Anode 44 Acetas . 136, 140 Antimony . 143 Acetum . . 136, 140 Applico . 25 Achillea 132 Apprehendo . 39 Aconit . 97 Apyrexia . . 77 Acorus . 136 Aqua . 59, 60, 87, 101 Acupunctura . 39 Arena . 57 Acus 38 Arens . 24 Adhibeo . 19, 25 Armadillo . 84 Adjuvans 15 Arrack . 85 Admoveo . . 25 Arsenis . 140 Administro 65 Arteria. . W, 72 Aduro . 81 Arteriotoma 20 JE«er . 127 Arthriticus . 76 Afficio . 43 Asella ' \ 84 Affusion 60 Asellus Ala . . 72 Asperus 72 Alkali . 108 Atropa . 136 Alimentum . 81 A ura 43,44 Allium . 127 Auricula 71 Aloe . 102, 137, 139 Auris 71 Alvus . . 46, 50 Aurora . 67 284 INDEX. Avena . 82 Capillitium • J36 Capillus Baccas . 131 Carburetum . 140 Bacillus . 88 Carbonas Bal.neum I 43 56| Balneum ) etseq. Catena Catharsis Barba . 36 Catheter . o4 31 Basis 14 Cataplasma . Baths . 56 Cathode . 44 Battery (electrical) Bibo . 42 . 65 Catechu Cephaelis . 132 . 137 Bic 99 Cerivisia 87 Bichloridum . Ml Cervix I 70 Bin 99 Cervices Bini . . 72 Chireita . | 133 . 89 Blister . 32 Chirayta Bloodletting, general 18 Charta local 23 Chest (of an Iris iman) 7'" Body, parts of . . 70 Chloride of sodi jm . Brachiale 46 Chloridum . Brachium . . 72 Chocolata. Bread . 82 Cibus . . 77, v- Bracherium . 88 Cingula 46 Brasium 82 Cincinnue 36 Bronchus . ■}« Clavicula . . 72 Bronchium . Clibanum 57 Bucca 72 Clysma . 50 Byne 82 Cochlea 61 Cochlear . . 61 C;icao 8? Cochleare 62 Caisaries 37 Cochlearia . 64 Ciilc Chlor. . . 98 ('ochlearium 62 Calamus 88 Cochleatim . 63 Calidarium 5H I Cod oil. 84 Calomel 92, 12s i Coffea . HI Cal.ir . 57 Col 98 Cainphora 136 Colchicum . 132 Canaliculus 41 Collar . 46 Cantharus 63 | Collum . 71 INDEX. 285 Columna 44 Drops . 107 Commotio 43.45 Duo . . 72 'Coma . 36 'camerata . 58 Eccoproticus 49 ■cussio 43 Egelidus . . 60 ■nductor 42 Eggs . 110 Conium 138 Ejusdem . . 105 Constituens 15 Elaeotherium 58 (Contractions 96 Electricitas . 40 Coprophoria . 47 Electrode 44 Corrigens 15 Electromagneticu 3 . 44 Cornu 102 Electropunctura 44 Coxasluvium 59 Emmenagogues . 54 Cruor . 18 Emplastrum. 31,33 Cubitus 72 Enema . 139 Cucurbita. 23 Entozoa 55 Cucurbitatio. 25 Epispastice . 32 Cucurbito . . 25 Errhinum 53 ucurbitula . 23 Exacerbatio . 77 ^ipa 63 pupping 13 Fa?x .}« Cyanidum . 140 Faeces Cyanogen 131 Fasciculus . 106 Cyathus . 63 Ferrocyanidum 136, 141 Ferrum 24, 28 Declinatio 78 Festuca . 40 Defectio 21 Food . 81 Deiectio Deliquium 46 Fonticulus . 37 21 Formula 13 Dhvresis or Dialysis 135 Fortis 86, 97 Diaphoresis 52 Frigidarium . 58 Diets 81 Frictio . 43 Director . 42 Diseases, signs of. 75 Galvanism . 44 Diuresis 54 Gelidus . 60 Diureticus 54 Gena 72 Doses 61 Generalis . IS Drachms, signs for 115 Gilding pills. 104 Drasticus . 49 Glutio . 65 286 INDEX. Grammatical con- Lambo . 23 struction of pre- Language of Pre- scriptions . 117 scriptions . Vu Gummi 107 Larynx . 7C Guttur . 70 Lavatio Lectus 5" . 84 Hairs 36 Leeches 27 Hepar . 74 Leipoihymia . W Hirudo 27 Levis . is' Homo . 127 Ligula 62,63 Hydr 98 Liquor . 13i. Hydragogum 49 Lumbus . ~ 1 Hydroc 97 Luteus . . ' 138 Hypocaustum 59 Hypochondrium 74 Magnetism . 4 Hypogastrium 74 Magnitudo . Mala . Ictus. 43 Malagma Ilia 74 Mane Incrementum 79 Maneo . . ' A Inscriptio 14 Manipulus . 106, 10 Instar 64 Masiiche 13'. Insultus 78 Measures . . IK Instruments 88 Medicines, effects of 79 Inunction 34 Merum tv'' Iodidum . 140 Minutum 10' Iodas . 140 Moles . 64 Issues 37 Jecur . 74 Nares . 7 '■ Jugulus : i 70 Nasus "!' Jugulum Naius . Ii Jalapium . . i 108 Netum . 4 Julepium Niiras . 140 Nomenclature . 91 Kali . 108 Norma . Nucha 31 Labrum . 58, ' Nudius fV Laconicum 57 Nycthemerum <> INDEX. Ounces 115 Saltem . Oxydum . 140 Sanguis Sanguisuga . P. 14 Scabellus . Paroxysmus 78 Scalpellus Pars . 7H Scintilla . Pastillum . 31 Scintillula Pcnicillum . ) n<- Scarificatio Penicillus . . J Scyphus Peroxydum . 141 Sedes Pervigilium 76 Sella . Phasnigmoi . 31 Senega Phlebotomia 19 Sericum Pillow of hops 61 Setaceus . Pilula perpetua 69 Setons . inna . 71 Shaving . •ga 28 Signaiura ters 31 Sinapismi . ita . 83 Sneezing l.^ao . 61 Soda. Poias. 99 Spoonful Potassium . 134 Siernuiamentum Prosscriptio 13 Stools . Pronunciation 130 Sirigil Prosodiacal Vocabu- Sulphas lary . Ptarmicus 112 Sudatorium 53 Sweating Ptyalismus . 77 Syncope . Pulvinar . 61 Syntax . Pugillus 111 Suggestus Purging . 46 Sulph . Purpureus . 138 Sulphuratem . Sum. more dicto Recepta . 13 Taffeta . Recetta 13 Teeth . Recipe . . 14 114 q'ela. Richardsonia 133 Temetum Rivus 22 Tempora . 287 288 INDEX. Tepidarium . 58 Vocabulary, Proso- Thermas . 57 diacal Time . 66 Vomiting Translated Prescrip- tions . 226 Weights . Trochischi 30 Wines . Worms Vehiculus 85 Vesicatorii 32 Vicis 61 Xeres . Vigilia? 76 Xericus T.r^&m warn