and Civil Defense Vbrk Projects Administration DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA PAUL COWARDS ADMINISTRATOR WORK PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION BIBLIOGRAPHY OE AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS AND CIVIL DETENSE Prepared by District of Columbia Art and Technical Service Units Section of Public Activities Programs Work Projects Administration Washington, D. C. June, 1941 FEDERAL WORKS AGENCY John M, Carmody, Administrator WORK PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION Howard 0. Hunter, Commissioner Paul Edwards, Administrator, District of Columbia PUBLIC ACTIVITIES PROGRAMS, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Mary Nan Gamble, Chief Richard Kenah, Supervisor of Art and Technical Service Units William W. Schwartzmann, Bibliographer INTRODUCTION This bibliography was prepared at the Library of Congress from the Civil Defense Index maintained by a unit of the Art Project of the District of Columbia Work Projects Administration. It had its beginning in. a study to determine how the work of the staff of the Art Project could be brought to bear as an effec- tive aid in National Defense through camouflage and other work. This bibliography covers nearly all the American and other peri- odicals received by the Library since 1917. The demand for early publication of this compilation made it necessary to limit the size of this introductory volume. It is obvious that a subject so large cannot be treated comprehen- sively in a publication thus limited. Supplementary volumes will follow as material is accumulated. Aspects of Air Raid Precautions have been included that may not appear closely related to the subject under investigation. The compiler recognizes this fact and will appreciate suggestions to aid in determining whether or not future compilation should include these less apparent aspects of Air Raid Precautions. The major sources for material, on which the compiler has drawn heavily, are: The Agricultural Index (New York), The Art Index (New York), The Education Index (New York), The Engineer- ing Index (New York), Industrial Arts Index (New York), Public Affairs Information Service (New York), Subject Index to Peri- odicals (London), Quarterly Cumulative Index Medicus (Chicago). The format was suggested by the ’’Subject Index to Aeronautical Periodical Literature and Reports", bibliography compiled by the Division of Aeronautics, Library of Congress. I wish to acknowledge the help of The Honorable Archibald MacLeish, Librarian of Congress and Dr. Luthur Evans, Assistant Librarian of Congress, and the aid and advice of the following gentlemen who have permitted me to call on them: F.E. Brasch, Chief of Smithsonian Division, Library of Congress, J.B. Childs, Chief of the Division of Documents, Library of Congress, N.H, Randers-Pehrson, Assistant Chief, Division of Aeronautics, Library of Congress, Edvard King, Third Assistant, Smithsonian Division, Library of Congress, Mr. E.B. Goodman and Mr. Jacob Blanek. William W. Schwartzmann June 25, 194-1 Work Projects Administration, District of Columbia 2324 F Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C, AGRICULTURE - See FOODS AND FOOD REGULATIONS ALARMS - See BLACKOUT SIGNALS; FIRES; GAS; OBSERVATION POSTS; SPOTTERS; WARDENS; WARNING SIGNALS AMBULANCES{S) Costing for A.R.P. needs THE COMMERCIAL MOTOR (London) 1941, April 4, p. 182-185 Mechanical transport equipment for A.R.P.purposes increase a public authority’s expenditure; basis upon which the costing of A.R.P. vehicles and ap- pliances should be founded. "Side-lights on A.R.P. Ambulance DrivingT?-S.E.A. THE WOMEN’S ENGINEERING SOCIETY (London) S.W.l 1939, December l6p. This article gives an idea of the courage of Eng- land’s women in undertaking ambulance driving. The author discusses the risks involved as well as the sacrifices of these A.R.P. drivers. ANIMALS Bombed Animals THE NATIONAL HUMANE REVIEW American Humane Association, Mount Morris, 111. 1941, Feb. Vol. 29, No.2, pp.3-6 An account direct from London. How the Royal S.P.C.A. is handling English animals in air raids. How to care for horses in air raids and their drivers. What to do about cats and dogs caught under debris. ■ Handbook 12A, Air raid, precautions for Animals- BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION '(New York City)" 1940 Mechanical means of washing animals affected by gas VESTNIK PROTIVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) Motylev, B. 1938, Vol. 9, pp. 30-34 1 ARCHITECTS Architects and the A.R.P. PENCIL POINTS (New York) ‘ Chermayeff ,**~Serge 1940, Nov. Vol. XXI, No.11. p.742 It is the purpose of this short statement to dis- cuss A.R.P. general principles only, and to put forward in the form of an outline activities for detailed examination and application later. Broadly ARP has to deal with two things: the maintenance of production; and the preservation of life and morale. The Architects part in passive defence THE BUlLDfiR (London) 1937, Tune 11, Vol. CLII, No. 4923, pi 1239 This article is a lecture delivered to the Arch- itectural Association dealing with the protection of buildings and shelters. The Architect states his case THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Dec.22, Vol. 157, No. 5055, p. 844 The rush of buildings for the most part comprises ARP shelters,'decontamination centres and other structures for civil defense. Protective measures. A.R.P. courses at Pratt PENCIL POINTS (NewYork) 1940, Nov. Vol. 21, p 21 sup. 24 Civilian shelters in New England prepared by Boston chapter of the American Institute of Architects. Protective measures. Architects and the A.R.P PENCIL POINTS (New York) Chermayeff, S. 1940, Nov. Vol. 21, p. ?42a-742d War damage to buildings THE 3UI LEERTLondon) 1939, Oct. 20, Vol. 157, No. 5046, p. 582 Under the emergency acts, authorities are em- powered to arrange for the carrying out of temporary or first aid repairs of damaged build- ings. Architects' panel for repairs; although individually appointed, they have formed them- 2 selves into a panel in order to give the most effective results. Permanent repair work to also be executed. What does Military design offer the Architecture of Peace? ARCHITECTURAL RECORD (New York) 1939, January, Vol. 85, p. 50-56 Examining Europe’s No. 1. architectural trend - that of making building designs ”air worthy”. What are the standards of protection? Who is to be protected, and how well? The ideal shelter system would protect the entire population against all potential dangers. ARCHITECTURAL FEES Structural A.R.P. in schools THE BUILDER (London! ' 1939, Dec. 1, Vol. 157, No. 5C52, p. 757 This article deals with the schedule of architec- tural fees. The scale according to (1) prelimi- nary Inspection (2) preparation of plans and specifications (3) supervision of the work. See also - BUILDINGS, DAMAGED; INSURANCE; RECON- STRUCTION * ARCHITECTURE-BIBLIOGRAPHY - Germany Survey of the most recent and outstanding arch- itectural literature on aerial defense ZEMENT (Germany) W. von Vieser 1939, Feb. 2-9, Vol. 23, p. 65-69;82-8/, See also - ORGANIZATION - Germany ARTISTS - ORGANIZATION The future of the war-artist LITERARY DIGEST 1917, Oct. 13, Vol. 55, p. 2? Special service for artists in war-time SCRIBNER’S MAGAZINE E. Peixette 1917, July 3 Wake ud, Art i s t sI LITERARY DIGEST 1917, April 28, Vol, 54 BIBLIOGRAPHY - U.S.A. Abstracts of Water Works Literature JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER WORK ASSOCIATION (New York) 1941, Jan., Vol. 33, No.l, pp. 171-176 Abstracts on preparedness in water supply for de fense. Sabotage; A.R.P. and water undertaking; water supply for the army. Water supply and. sewage diaposal for airports. Air raid precautions (10 parts) CHEMICAL PUBLISHING CO. Inc. (Brooklyn, New York) The Booklist - Aeronautic Training for National De- f ense AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION (Chicago) 1940, Nov. 1, Vol. 37, No. 4 in two parts. Part 2-llpp Elementary Aeronautical Books (Tentative List) Division of Bibliography The Library of Congress Prepared in the Division of Aeronautics - 10pp. A Guide to Current Material National Defense Legislative Reference Service The Library of Congress Prepared for the National Defense Agencies 1941, April 9, 7pp. F-l A Guide to Current Material National Defense Legislative Reference Service The Library of Congress Prepared for the National Defense Agencies 1941, April 15, 4pp. F-2 A Guide to Current Material National Defense Legislative Reference Service The Library of Congress Prepared for the National Defense Agencies 1941, April 21, 5pp. F-3 4 A Guide to Current Material National Defense Legislative Reference Service The Library of Congress Prepared for the Office for Emergency Management 1941, April 24, 4pp. F-4 A Guide to Current Material National Defense Legislative Reference Service The Library of Congress Prepared for the Office for Emergency Management 3pp. F-5 - Recent periodical references relating to air raid protection FEDERAL WORKS AGENCY (Washington, D. C.) Articles listed were taken from "The Builder "Illustrated Carpenter and Builder" "Municipal Journal" "Concrete and Constructional Engineering" Selected references on air raid protection Portland cemM öoV es s Bldg. Washington, D. 0.) 1940, July Contains abstracts on 33 articles. Tentative bibliography on the conservation of culture resources in times of war NATIONAL ARCHIVES (Washington, D. Cf„ April 1941) Contains l+S references BLACKOUT-CITIES Blackout in Hawaii THE RESERVE OFFICER (Washington,, D. C.) Shaw, Harold R. 1939, Oct. Vol. XVI, No'. 10 The 1939 annual maneuvers of the Hawaii Department provided two weeks of intensive training for the troops of the Hawaiian Division and the Hawaiian Coast Defenses and furnished an Impressive example of civilian cooperation with the army in a black- out of the entire island of Oahu. Palestine under blackout GREAT BRITAIN AND THE EAST 1940, Dec. 18, Vol. 35, p. 53 5 See also-BLACKOUT-EMERGENCY LIGHTING;BLACKOUTS- SCREENS BLACKOUT-CURTAINS Glass and A.R.P. THE BUILDER (London) 1940, June 7, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5079, p. 670 Tests conducted to determine the behavior of certain types of glass and window treatments when subjected to explosions. Describe the uses to which various types of glass such as armour plate, bricks, wired glass, etc. could be put in time of war. Protective measures for windows. Avoiding expenditure on black out curtaining. BLACKOUT-CURTAINS Your blackout problems THE ELECTRICAL AGE (London) Freeth, Richard, 1941, Ian. Vol. 3, No. 21, price 6d Do away with gloomy lighting. Be careful in choosing curtains (blackout) material; how to treat french windows and front doors. See-BLACKOUT-EMERGENCY LIGHTING; BLACKOUT-SCREENS BLACKOUT-DESIGNS-See BRITISH LIBRARY OE INFORMATION; OFFICIAL " ‘ PUBLICATIONS-GREAT BRITAIN: REGULATIONS: SHELTERS-PLANS AND DESIGNS BLACKOUT-EMERGENCY LIGHTING Emergency lighting THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 6, Vol. 157, No. 5044 Questions essential to be taken against the effect of air raids have thrown into prominence the question of emergency lighting and power. To meet this problem a series of "pioneer" generating sets are recommended. Factory lighting THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1941, Ian. 1?, Vol. CXXXVJIlo. 3295 Use of candles 6 ft. to 16 ft., quality and quantity revealing details; future lighting. 6 Lighting of_ ARP report and control centers ENGINEERING (London] 1939, Vol. 143, No. 3350 Information with reference to the "general re- quirements for the lighting of report and control centers and the accommodation associated there- with". It also includes a new specification designated No. BS/ARP? New Equipment and appliances THE ELECTRICIAN-(London) 1940, Aug. 30, Vol. CXXV, No. 3248, p. 115 Hand welding carbon arch torch - portable ARP lighting home battery charger - underground dis- connecting boxes. Hand lamps are designed for outdoor or indoor use and conform with Home Office Air Raid Precautions requirements. Notes from' manufacturers JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL & COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) 1940, March 13, Vol. LXCII, No. 3, p. 24 A new ARP 7 bay lantern. A reinforced concrete lantern burning paraffin oil for indicative ARP lighting. Model "A" has been designed for build- ing in the wall angles of shelters. Model "3" is for street islands and crossings, etc. Safety lights for A.R.P. purooses THE BUILDER (LondonT 1940, May 3, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5074 Provision of ■ light apertures which shall allow observation from within without impairing the safety of the structure. A light for this pur- pose devised in the form of a conical ferro- concrete unit for new or existing air raid shelters, observation posts, fortifications, etc. which offer the maximum resistance to blast, splinters and bullets. Unseen illumination ILLUMINATING LIGHTING REVIEW (Australia) 1940, June, pp. 2$-26 Street lighting. Sketches of A.R.P. licht lock for'shop entrances; also A.R.P. display cabinet for show windows. See - BLACKOUT LIGHTING; FACTORY LIGHTING; LIGHTING 7 BLACKOUT-FACTORY LIGHTING Aid to blackout BUSINESS (London) 1940, January, Vol. LXX, No. 1, p. 12 A new device known as Fluorescence as aid to blackout. Fluorescent powder in conjunction with black (infrared) mercury vapour discharge lamps helping the lighting problem, under A.R.P. restrictions. Air raid precautions and obscurations ENGINEERING (London) 1939, Aug. 11, Vol. 148, pt. 1, p. 173-4 (Abstract) Considerations for factory black-out. Blackout and daytime conditions. Wartime Factory lighting during daylight working. THE ELECTRICIAN (London! 1940, Aug. 30, Vol. CXXV, No. 3248, p. 110 This article points out the disadvantages of poor lighting in factories during black-out arrangements. Suggestions are given for overcoming this serious special problem. The correct usage of bright colours. Blackout problems' in factories THE BUILDER (London! Waldram, P. 1. 1940, Aug. 2, Vol. CLIX, No. 508? Adequate illumination. Measurement and pre- determination of natural light by protractors. Factory blackout TEE METAL INDUSTRY (London) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. 37, No. 13, p. 249 Attention is directed to the urgency of the question of factory blackout as a means of pro- tection for the vital industries of England as well as protection of the workers. Factory managers are asked to secure pamphlet entitled "War time Lighting Restrictions for Industrial and Commercial Promises." 8 Factory lighting and the blackout THE ELECWiOTAH (London! 1940, Aug. 2, Vo'l, CXXV, No. 3244, p. 55 The effect of blackout conditions on the lighting of factories is often a subject of comment. Wide range and variety of types of illumination de- veloped Including fluorescent lighting. No sound argument against artificial lighting; an improvement in some factories on existing day- light conditions. Factory lighting in wartime TETÖN Äfc“T^ü^I7'■1^RASEs’,TSVTEW (London) 1940, December 20, Vol. 141, p. 646 system Installed in new factory considers candle power arrangments; roofing, flooring, wall coloring. Illustrations, Factorv lighting in wartime IRON AND Ö0AL TRADES TOST'fLondon) 1940, Dec. 20, Vol. CXLI, No. 3799 The general problem of providing efficient light- ing in factories has been complicated by the war in connection with such matters as blacking out, and dangers of flying glass. These wartime difficulties can be considered in advance in planning for new factories. Industrial lighting in war time ELECTRICAL TRADING AND RADIO MARKETING (London) 1940, November, Vol. 12, No. 133, p. 45 Mistakes in factory lighting and how they are being remedied are described in these extracts from a paper read at a meeting of the Illuminating Engineering Society, Lighting for production in war time THE ’S'ifIT rSIT"PR LM1R~TLondonl 1940, Jan. Vol. 52, No. 310, p. 26 A discussion of factory blackouts; low Intensity exterior lighting; light locks; ventilator light- loCks and light for production. Also contains demonstrations by the Electric Lamp Manufacturer’s Association designed to help printers during war- time . 9 Licht Ir.fe of factories IRON AND COAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1940, Dec. 13, Vol. CXI, No. 3798. 622 Draft regulation specify minimum standards of illumination. The memoranda emphasize the importance of keeping ceilings, walls, inside of roof shelters, etc. light in colour and there- by relieve the gloom of the blackout and adding to the illuraination and general brightness of a room. New blackout aircraft factory SCIENCE OBSERVER (London]"" 1941, Feb. No. 2, Vol. 3, p. 5 Brief description of A. H..P. measures to be applied to new plane factory (for the layman) Verdunkelung von gas und Wasserwerken nach dem luminenzenzverfahren (Blackout of gas and water works in accordance with the luminescence process) '■GAS UND WASSERFACH (Das .and Water Facts) Germany 1939, Vol. 82, No. 48, p. 781-3 War-time building practice THE BUILDER (London!" Butler, Cotter-ell 1940, Sept. 20, Vol. CLIX, No. 5094, p. 280 Industrial planning and design. Emergency factory accommodation. Conversion of peace-time workshops. Planning the change over. The draft scheme; the final scheme. General accommode.t ion; lighting ; Stores; sanitation. War-time control of factory lighting - the blackout ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING LIGHTING REVIEW (Australia) 19 40, Dec, p, .1 o The law demands that the interior lighting of a factory shall be properly obscured whether it is good, bad or indifferent. Windows and rooflights; supplementary devices, ventilation, ultra-violet radiation, pilot lighting, loading bays, entrances and exits. War-time factory lighting ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1940, Dec. 6, Vol. CXXVIII, No. 3289, p. 103 Compliance with new regulations. Lighting in 10 industrial establishments under war conditions was the subject of a paper by Mr. R. 0. Ackerley. Werkluftschutz und Beleuchtung (Industrial Lighting) LICHTE UNE LAfMTTGermanyJ 1934, Nov. 8, Vol. 23, No. 23 p* 540-1 See ALSO - BLACKOUT-REGULATIONS BLACKOUT - ITALY Blackout Italy AIR CORPS NEWS LETTERS (Rome) T9W, Aug. 15, Vol.'23, No. 16, p. 7 Rome blackout THE RESERVE OFFICER (Washington, D. C.) 1940, Oct. Vol. XCII, No. 10, p. 17 This article gives a picturesque description of ancient and venerable Rome in a 1940 war. The blackout is said to be more complete in Rome than in any other city. BLACKOUT-LIGHTING Some questions on complementary colour systems THE EIECTRICIANTLondon) 1939, July 28, Vol. 123, p. .90 The principle of complementary color lighting for .ARP involves the use of a coloured medium over the windows which passes light of a certain colour, but absorbs and thereby blocks the passage of light of another color. Several questions on the scheme are explained. BLACKOUT-LIGHTING-FRANCE The role of lighting in passive defense' LfAEROPHILE TParis) G. Marquerie 1939, March, Vol. 47, p. 59-61 BLAGKOUT-LIGHTING-GERMMY Luft g chut zb c 1 euchtung (Lighting for aerial protection) WISSEN UND FORTSCHRITT (Knowledge and Progress) (Germany) 1938, June, Vol. 12, p. 522-6 11 Verdunkelum amassnahmen mit besonderer beruck'sichtigung der öffentlichen (Black- out measurement with special regard to the lighting that is exposed in the open) ELEKTRIZITÄTSUIRTSCHART (Electrical-Economy) E. Van der Trappen • 1939, Nov. 5, Vol. 38, p. 697-7OI. BLACK0UT-L0ND0N War-time building practice THE BUILDERTEondon) 1940, Oct. 11, Vol. CLIX, No. 5059, p.^350-351 Considerations of particular and topical interest; entrances and exits; maintenance of blackout equipment with particular reference^to winter conditions; winter ventilation; saving time spent in "blacking out”; blackout and splinter pro- tection; blackout lighting. BLACKOUT-PORTABLE LIGHTS Lighting up time BRITT ANIA ANI) EVE (London) 1940, Sept. Vol. 21, No. 3, p. 44-45 A revelation of the measures taken in Great Britain to produce Tight for "blackout” purposes. A description of the different types of lamps such as the portable lamp is given, also questions concerning other problems of lighting are answered. New equipment and appliances. Hand Welding carbon arc torch-portable ARP lighting home battery charger- Underground disconnecting boxes. THE ELECTRICIAN (London) 1940, Aug. 30, Vol. CXXV, No. 3248, P; 115 Hand lamps designed for outdoor or indoor use and conforming with Home Office Air Raid Precautions requirements. , Portable lamps for A. R.>P. purposes ENGINEERING (LondonT" 1939, Nov. 10, Vol. 148, No. 3852, 27pp- ,. A brief explanation of the composition and use of portable lamps as aids during air raids and blackouts. See also - BLACKOUT-EMERGENCY LIGHTING;' SHELTERS- LIGHTING 12 BLACKOUT - PR'IVATE DWELL INGS Electricity in passive defense THE BUILDER 1940, Feb. 16, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5063, p. 222 Exhibition of equipment. Two fold purpose; (1) to mark the end of the experimental period in the provision of ARP apparatus and the be pinning of the production of standard appliances especially designed and adopted for ARP purposes; (2) to draw public attention to the almost universal mistake ”the inside blackout”. Screening your lights WAR PICTORIAL (London) 1939, Sept. 22, No. 2, p. 29 "Useful tips or A.R.P. dodges you should know”. Simple and effective methods for the person who wants to be quite certain that his house is effectively blacked out. Wartime electrical hints THE ELECTRICAL AGE (London) 1941, Jan. Vol. 3, No. 21, price 6d The Switch dimmer and its placement; ventilation in the blackout. Photo of a complete lighting unit called the Edison Ensur-a-lite. See also - BLACKOUT-REGULATIONS BLACKOUT-PUBLI0 3UILDTHUS Ob a curat i on, ventilation and protection from gloss in large buildings. JOURHAI. 0? To] INSTITUTE OP BRITISH ARCHITECTS (London) Doc. IS, Vol, 43, 3rd series, ITo. 2, p. 21-29 This bulletin covers not only obscurotlon, i.e., prevention of the emission of light from buildings during blackout hours., but also the treatment of windows and other openings to provide (a) adequate natural lijht (b) reasonable ventilation in the blackout (c) protection from flying and falling glass, protection from weather, and maintenance of the blackout if glass is broken. 13 BLACKOUT-RAILU AYS Railway travels in the blackout THE ELECTRICIAN '(Tondon] 1940, Sept. Vol. 125, No. 11. A discussion of the present system by which trains are able to run during blackouts. Emphasis is placed upon the research by the railways, light- ing engineers and manufacturers in the development of the present system. Sixty miles an hour in the blackout LONDON CALLING (London) I94O, Tune 1, No. 32, p. 2, Illustration. A speed limit of 60 m.p.h, the limitation imposed on British railway trains by war; how science has helped to increase safety of British railways. BLACKOUT-REGULATIOHS Brighten tlio blackout WAR PICTORIAL (London) 1939, Dec. 22, No. 15, P- 5 Accidents under the blackout restrictions; remedies without endangering preparedness for air raids; a system of master switches which can be used to extinguish lights over wide areas as 'soon as air raid sirens sound. Civil aerial protection INDUSTRIE-VERLAG- UND DRUCKEREI (Germany) 1932, pp. 54 Air warning; air raid shelter precautions against gas bombing; smoke screens; blackouts; organized groups. How the; power stations carry on THE ELECTRICAL "AGS (London) 1941, Ian, Vol. 3, No. 2, Price 6d p, 746 Detailing each man for special duty when blackout sirens sound; signalling boiler attendants; necessary lights; role of the spotter. Law reports THE BUILDER (London) 1940, Aug. 2, Vol. CLIX, No. 5091, p. 119 Question of lighting street refuges during war: raised by a certain case. Restrictions for dis- playing lights during hours of darkness. 14 The Lights of London v THE BUILDER CL oil'd on) 1940, Oct. 4, Vol. CLi::, lip. 5096, p. 327 rather than absolute darkness Is important. Exceptional■darkness is as likely to prove a mark as distinctive as exceptional , L i gilt 1 ng up t ime BRITTANIA ADD EVE (London)' 1940, Sept. Vol. 21, Ho. 3, pp. 44-45 A revelation of the measures taken in Great Britain to nroduco light for eurposGS:i a. description of the different types of lamps such as the portable lamp is given; also, many questions concerning other problems of lighting .are answered. Staff safety in the blackout BUSINESS 1_(! Anchostor, England) 1940, May, Vol, LXX, No. 5, p. 11 Suggestions needed in order to overcome the difficulties encountered during the blackout of last winter. Wartime building practice THE BUILDER'‘(London) Butler, R, Cotteroll 1940, March 15, Vol. CLVII, No. 5067, p. 330 Current tochnica.l considerations of blackout; light baffle ventilators; practical detailing; diagrams, Illustrations, Your eyes in the blackout 3RIlh.SE PLASTIC (Bedford, England) 1940, Oct., Vol. 12, No. 137, p. 169 A discussion by an anonymous optician of the possible injurious effects the blackout may have upon the vision; including a list of rules and regulations to observe, BLACKOUT-REGULATION-GERMANY Rieht 11-lion fur konatruk11 on und Anwendung von luf t s diu t a 1 o u elit o n und blond en (Reguł ations for tho use" of aerial lighting, protection and shading). IAS UND LUETSCHUTZ (Sas and aerial protection) 1939, S ont. 8, 8pp Supply. 15 BLACKOUT - SCREENS A "blackout" screen for electricity offices TEE BUILDER (London) 1939, Dec. 1, Vol. 157, No. 5052, p. 764. Illustrations. Two plans offered for the construction of black- out screens. BLACKOUT-SHIPPING Der Luftschutz auf Binnenschiffen (Aerial attack on central shipping) ZEITSCHRIFT FOR BINNENSCHIFFAHRT (Germany) Gerweck, I. 1940, Nov., Vol. 11. Aerial attack on central shipping. Personnel and ships versus bombs. Signal wardens and fire fighting equipment. The dangers of blackout on ships. BLACKOUT-SIGNALS Fluorescent paints for A.R.P. I94O, Sept. 27, Vol. 125, No. 21, p. 1Ó5 A technical discussion of the difference between fluorescent and phosphorescent paints for ARP purposes. With formulas. Praktische wink zue Verdunkelung (Practical signs for blackouts) DIE SIRENE (The Siren) 1939, Sept. No. 20, p. 543*6 See also - WARNING-SIGNALS BLACKOUT-STREET LIGHTING Aids to movement in war-time JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF MUNICIPAL & COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) 1940, Aug. 13, Vol. LXVIII, No. 3, p. 21-22 Subdued lighting of pedestrian crossing. In- spection of "starlight” lighting reveals it to be of no use to motorist. Possibilities of aiding pedestrains in locating •positions of crossings in blackout. Precautions at Coventry; "Cat’s eye" reflectors used: crazy white lines; A.R.P. shelters painted white. 16 Flourescent paints for A.5.P. THE ELECTRICIAN (London) ' . 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. 125, No. 12, p., 165 A technical discussion of the■difference between flourescent and phosphorescent paints for ARP purpose together with formulas. Modified street lighting of no value to the enemy THE ELECTRICIAN LTD (London) ' I94O, Aug. 14, Vol. 125, No. 7 An answer to complaints that modified street lighting can be of assistance to the enemy. A reiteration of the law with reference to anyone interfering with these lights; also a discussion of the impossibility of the enemy seeing these lights after experiments in this connection by the R.A.F. Blackout. Air raid protection - Street lighting ASSOCIATION SUISSE DES ELECTRICIANS (Switzerland) 1935, July 19, Bui. 26, No. 15, p. 409-412. No. 35- 2305. 93-125-126 Printed U.S.A. Engineering Index Service. Dimming of street lighting of protection in case of aerial attack; explanatory notes on Swiss regulations; methods, of hook-up in which group connection of lamp is activated by separate time switch operated from central point. Notes from Manufacturers JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) 1940, March 13, Vol. LXVIII, No. 3, p. 24 A new A.R.P. 7 day lantern. A reinforced concrete lantern burning paraffin oil for indicative ARP lighting. Model "A” has been designed for build- ing in the wall angles of shelters. Model "B" is for street islands and crossing, etc. Pavement and stall board light protection THE BUILDER 1931, Oct. 13, Vol. 157, No. 5054, p. 567 Use of a triangular shaped reinforced concrete unit a novel method of protection. .Construction and measurements are explained. 17 Some aspects of wartime illumination ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LIGHTING REVIEW (Australia) 1940, December pp. 9-10 England’s plans for insuring safety during air raids. Standardization of street lighting, \ making it equal to approximately„l/lQOth of \moonlight thus giving relief from complete black- lout. Effects on eyesight on entering and leaving Wir'raid shelters Unseen illumination ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LIGHTING REVIEW (Australia) 1940, Tune pp. 25-26 Street lighting. Sketches of A.R.P. light lock for shop entrances; also A.R.P. display cabinet for show windows Unseen illumination - ARP Lighting in Germany ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LIGHTING REVIEW 1940, Aug. Impressions of British airmen as to the lighting system of Austria, Csechoslovkia, and Germany. Descriptions of all lighting on streets and the many different types of lamps used. Wartime building D.S.A.R. Bulletin No. 1 THE BUILDER (London) 1940, May 10, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5075. p. 56? A.R.P. considerations of importance in wartime building: (1) to minimize the danger likely to be caused by a direct hit; (2) to find a satisfactory solution of the problem of day light illumination and of blackout and minimizing the damage to glaz- ing from blast of an exploding bomb. See also - BLACKOUT-REGULATIONS BLACKOUT-TECHNIQUES Make your blackout faultproof BUSINESS England) 1940, August, Vol. LKX, No. 8, p. 14 Two kinds of, blackout meeded: movable and permanent; soundness of the present scheme and the need for a tighter arrangement of a permanent blackout. The most easily operated devices should be chosen for the moveable blackout. 18 BLACKOUT - VEHICLE LIGHTS Black light now used for airplane instrument board SCIENCE OBSERVER“(London) ‘ 194-1, January, No. 1, Vol. 3, p. 5 Device f.or lighting plane instrument board during night flying. Illustrations. Highlights and blackouts of 1940 THE MOTOR (London) 19W, Jan., 8, Vol. XXXVIII, No. 2037, p. 502 The principal restrictions imposed on the motor- ists because of the war and the strictness of the blackout. Road vehicles in air raids PASSENGER TRANSPORT“JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 5, Vol. S3, No. 2074, P» 4 Lighting rules. Chief constable of Manchester makes an announcement about the correct lights to be displayed on vehicles during an air raid. Also a few general rules for civilian guidance. Without lights COAST ARTILLERY JOURNAL (Washington, D. C.) 1940, May-June, Vol. S3, No. 3, p. 2.61-265 Motor vehicles at night without lights. The different devices to be used on tail and head lights; device for obviating hostile air observa- tion. Discussion and explanation of the Hi-ce Convoy Light - useful to tanks and motors. See also - BLACKOUT REGULATIONS BLACKOUT - VENTILATION Getting ventilation despite blackout BUSINESS (London) . 1940, June Vol. HOI, p. 26. Illustrations Units providing air extractions and air intake. Both types used in combination provide adequate ventilation. Two ways of having the equivalent of open windows with blackout curtains in place. Ventilation in the blackout ELECTRICAL TRADING AND RADIO MARKETING (London) 1940, May, Vol. 11, No. 27, p. 39-40» Illustrations, Health, heat-waves and the blackout. Danger of confusing "airlight" with "light-tight". 19 BOMBS Engineering aspects of air raid protection ! ■ ENGINEER (London]- 1938, Nov. 11, Vol. 166, No. 4322, p. 529-531. Discussion of effects of aerial bombs; terminal velocity of bomb; resistance to destruction; protective devices; gas exclusion; control of supply services-; economic aspects. Penetration of bombs - memorandum No. 2 JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS (London) 1938- March 5, Vol. 11, No. 5, p. 30-44 Bomb characteristics. Form of bomb; angle of arrival velocity; dive bombing; penetration of material; angle; depth: penetration of bomb fragments or splinters. ■ Precautions against air raids ENGINEERING (London) 1939- March 10, Vol. 147, pt. 2, p, 288 Covers such matters as penetration of bombs; bomb characteristics, charge-weight ratio, air resistance, terminal, vertical, and horizontal velocity; angle of arrival; crater formation; angle of impact; depth of penetration; strength and resistance of concrete to penetration and penetration of bomb fragments end splinters. See also - FIRES-INCENDIARY BOMBS; BOMBS-EFFECT BOMBS-EFFECTS Efficacite des bombs aeriennes (Efficiency of aerial bombs) REVUE DE Lł ARMEE DE L’AIH (Review of the Army of the Air) 1939, Nov-Dec, No. 119, p> 622-665 La defense passive contrę les bombardments (Passive defense against bombardment) LłAEROPHILE (France) 1938, Vol. 47, No. 9. Diagrams, Illustrations Using the Spanish Civil War as a,background this article describes the effects of the explosive bombs upon buildings. It also describes the physiological effects. Author emphasizes the necessity of constructing various types of shelters as a means of protecting civilians. Illustrates 20 the weakness of the types of shelters in Barcel- ona during the first days of the Spanish Civil Tar. High explosive bombs MeSiLinicaTT eil?iiteiSrTnq ■ Davis, Tenney (Abstract from.-Army Ordancs) 1941, Jan. Vol. S3, No. 1, p, 749-750 The difference in size of fragments and what the results are, if the bombs are made of TNT or TNB„ Different types of chemicals used in making bombs. What bombs should do when striking a building. Move to expidite bomb disposal THE MUNICIPAL jOURNXL AIId“ LOCAL’ GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Oct. 25, Vol. 49, p. 1371 A proposal for more direct and closer cooperation in the reporting of unexploded bombs in the city of London, A uniform system of reporting and investigating is suggested. See also - SHELTERS-BLASTPROOF;' SKELTERS-SPLINTER- PROOP. BRITISH LIBRARY OR INFORMATION - See OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS; GREAT BRITAIN BUILDINGS-DAMAGED Aijr raids and structural damage, Effect on single storey Buildings THE BUILDER (London) 1940, Vol, CLDC, Mo. 5092, p. 238 The Ministry of Home Security (Research and Experiments Department) issued Bulletin No. 8, giving illustrated details of structural damage caused by recent air raids to some single storey buildings. A .PUP. and demolition work THE'BUILDER'TLondonj- 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 157, No, 5042, p. 460 Wrecking damaged buildings as a measure of public safety, Air raid damage THE BUILDER"(London) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. CLIk, No. 5095, p. 306 Suggestions for repairs to air raid damages; re- 21 pair of the structure; the question of compensa- tion; a compulsory insurance proposal. Air raid damage TRON AND COAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1941, Jan. Vol. CXLII, No. 3302, p. 46 A notice to owners of factories, shops, warehouses and other industrial and commercial buildings, giving details of procedure to be adopted when materials are required to repair damage caused by air raids, Air raid damage insurance bill delayed THE MUNICIPAL. JOURNAL TfondonT ' 1940, Nov. 1, Vol. XLIE, No. 2492, p. 1381 This article deals with the protection of damaged houses and other property. Bombed houses and rates; Lambeth and Greenwich action TEE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 22, Vol. 49, p. 1479 Action taken to adjust assessment and taxationN with regard to ' \ Buildings and bombing THE BUILDER XhonSon) 1940, Sept. 6, Vol. CLIX, No. 5092 Six examples of single-storey structures damaged, by bombs and analysed in the Bulletin and the main conclusions reached show the importance of the three following points if the maximum resist- ance to collapse is to he obtained. (1) Buildings should be fully framed. (2) The stool frame work- should be as continuous as possible. (3) A J?safety valveu type of construction should be adopted particularly in small buildings, v Compensation for war damages IRON AND GOAL TRADES’ REVIEW ’(London) 1940, Dec. 27, Vol. CELI, No. 3300, p.,673 A new body- the war damage commission - created to effect regulations on compensations for damaged buildings. Conference on the Recording of War Damage to Buildings of "Merit ' ' ' ~ WmiRllAL 0? TEE ROYAL INSTITUTE OE BRITISH ARCHITECTS (London) 1940, Dec. Vol, 48,‘No. 2, p. 30 A need for architects and owners of buildings of 22 historical and architectural value, to have re- cords to help restore them. Drawings, and accurate technical and historical data must-be found and preserved. If no record exists, drawings may be made before demolition squads destroy buildings. Emergency inquiry bureau THE BUILDER (London") 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 157, Ho. 5042, p. 460 Questions arising from recent emergency legisla- tion and answers by a special staff of contribu- tors on the following topics; air raid protection works and rating; war risk; damage to property timber supply; methods of payment, etc. Emergency inquiry bureau THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 6, Vol. 157, No. 5044, p. 521 Questions arising from wartime difficulties and recent emergency legislation and answers by a special staff of contributors on the following topics; what is an unfit building; pre-war build- ing contracts; civil defense act; compensation, etc. Emergency repair of air raid damage THE ENGINEER (London") 1941, Feb. 21, Vol. CLXXI, No. 4441, p. 123 The Emergency Service Organization and its local reconstruction panels; responsibility for securing the rax)id restoration of production in damaged war factories. Foes for the repair of war damage THE "BUILDER (London) 1939, Dec. 8, Vol. 157, No. 5033, p. 799 This article deals with the question of fees to be charged to local authorities by architects employ- ed on repair of war damage. The fee is provisional and subject to revision in the light of experience. The place of the master of works and city engineer in the scheme of air raid precautions JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE (London) Somers, Thomas 1938, July, Vol. 59, No. 1, p. 76-81 Clearance of debris, repairs of streets, demolition of unsafe buildings, equipment and personnel be- fore and after air raids; loss of homes; choosing ground on which to build air raid shelters. Raid damaged houses; the need for speedy repairs joTOnIT'I#!® Ttö&Si'füTE üFIMIUipal Änd county ENGINEERS (London) 1940, Oct» .8, Vol, 67, No. 5, p. tfx” Arguments for speedy repairs of less damaged buildings. Repairs of war damage. THE BtflLMRT^ondon) 1940, Sept. 20, Vol. CLIX, No. 5094, p. 290 A memorandum on structural first aid. The Minister of Health reviews the arrangements for repairs of war damaged houses in the light of experience gained since the out-break of the war. Local authorities and first aid repairs. Salvage of property and clearance of debris ■JOURNIL OP OP WJiUC'tFKL TM- COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) 1940, Oct. 8, Vol. 67, No. 5, p. 11 -14 Regulations for clearing ■ damaged property; safe- guarding and restoring to rightful owners real and private property. Summary of Home Security Circular No, 200/1940. War damage THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Sept. 8, Vol. 157, No. 5040, p. 394 On information concerning loans for repairs to buildings; loans for reinstatement of plant; conditions attached to loans; carrying out of repairs. War damage and contracts THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Sept..22, Vol. 157, Ho. 5042, p. 470 A report of the government committee on liability for war damage and the matter of contracts. Legal rights, liabilities, etc. considered with special reference to six classes of contracts. War damage bill COAL TRADES REVIEW (London) * ' 1941, March 28, Vol. 142, No. 3,813, p,“384 This bill is divided into two parts. Part 1 applies to real property. Part 2 relates to movable property. With certain exceptions, insur- ance under the business and farm schemes will be compulsory. 24 War-damaged property POUIvDRY TRADE JOURNAL (London) • 1940, Dec. 5, Vol. 63, Ho. 1268, p. 366 An explanation is given of-the landlord and tenant war damage act?1939, a measure passed to meet the circumstances of war damage and questions arising between landlords and tenants. War damage to buildings THE BUILDER TLondoli) ' 1939, Oct. 13, Vol. 157, Ho. 5045, p. 565 Builders i?pooln for repairs. A scheme for the execution of building and repair work during the war period. An outline of the scheme. War damage to buildings THE BUILDER TLondonT ~ 1939, Oct. 20, Vol. 157, Ho. 3046, p. 502 Under the emergency acts, authorities are empower- ed to arrange for the carrying out of temporary or first aid repairs of damaged buildings. Arch- itects’ panel for repairs; permanent repair work to also be executed. War damage to oropertv THE ARCHITECT AITD 3UILDI1J3 NEWS (London) 1940, Oct. 4, Vol. CL’CIV, No. 374S, p. 5 Possibility of government compensation to owners of damaged buildings discussed. War damage to property 19397 Sopt,"15, Vol. 157, Ho. 5041, p. 429 An announcement made by the Treasury concerning submission of claims, provisions and regulations proposed by the government. War damage to property ~Tt!E 3ÖT1.DER fLoridon) 1939, Dec. 8, Vol, 157, Ho. 5053, p. 300 The first report - of the Committee on the principles of Assessment of Damage has been issued dealing with the following points; property to which the government scheme applies; general observation o?a the assessment of damage; payment of compensation based on the damage assessed, etc. 25 BUILDINGS-DESIGNS ARP at the Works of Messrs. Standard Telephones, Cables, Ltd. ENG-IPEERlTf&' (London) 1959, July 14-, Vol. 14S, pt, 1 ’p, 53 Descriptions of air raid precautions devised for buildings and personnel of English Factories. A.R.P. buildings at Hutton THE BU ILLERTL o n d o ń) 1939, Oct, 13, No, 5045 p, 562 Headquarters and training school Hut bon; an interesting example of a building having planned '’protected- accommodation, decontamination centers and A.R.P. control, ARP renort - Editorial notes THE STRUCTURAL EHOINEElf7London) 1939, March, Vol. XVII, No, 3, p. B First report on ARP issued by the Institution consisted of two parts; ”A Digest of Published Information”; ;’The Committee’s Recommendation for Protecting Existing Buildings”. In the new edition, parts 1 and 2 have been revised. Parts 3 and 4 are published for the first time. Part 3 deals with air raid shelters; part 4 with new buildings. A.R.P. struc tures TliE’ 3UILDER (lb o ndo n) Cowney, C.N. 1940, March 8, Vol, CLVIII, No, 5066, p. 305 Air raid shelter at a country house i*He BUILDER (London) ' ‘ ~ 1940, March S, Vol. CLVIII, No. 50G6, p. 507 The application of reinforced brickwork as an ARP measure ~ ~~~ THE’STRUCTURAL ENGINEER (London) 1939, April, Vol. XVII, No. 4, p. 248, Tables. Two facts-must be appreciated; (1) that every square foot of the country is liable to air attack; (2) that the greatest proportion of structures In the country are of brickwork. Probable damage to normal constructions. Several conclusions given as to the effect of high ex- plosive bombs; ways are itemized for*reinforcement against this damage. Architectural air pro tec tier - liow Europe provides pas shelters for “cTviTTans ARMY ORDNÄIICEUwash 1 ngton, D. C.) Echoszberper, Hans 1935, Sept-Oct. Vo.l, 16, p. 95-100, Illustrations, figures . The province of architectural air protection con- sists of three phases; (a) the building of shelters; (b) measures of air protection in constructing buildings; (c) the relations existing between town planning and air protection. Bautechnlseher Luftschutz (Technical builder of aerial defense BAUWELT-VERLAG (Building World Publication) Hans Schoszberger, Buildings and bombing THE BUILDEIa {London) 1940, Sept. 6, Vol, GLIX, No, 5092 Six examples of single-storey structures damaged by bombs are analysed in the Bulletin and the main conclusions reached show the importance of the three following points if the maximum resist- ance to collapse is to be obtained; (1) buildings should be fully framed; (2) the steel framework should be as continuous as possible; (3) a safety- valve type of construction should be adopted particularly in small buildings Building for air raid precautions, Orpington TIE BUILDER (LondonT* 1939, Sept. 1, Vol. 157, No. 5039/ p. 367 A complete description is given of the A.R.P. buildings at Orpington, Dent, size, dimensions, etc. Combatting the serial blitz SL'TriE' RULE (ManTUobog 0 anada) 1941, April, Vol. XT, No, 2, p, 12. Diagrams An architect writes of architecture and the war. In addition to structures designed primarily for use in civilian life there are also designs of buildings planned entirely for the protection of individuals from air attack. Conference on the recording of war damage to bulld- ings of merit. Journal op tie royal institute op british architects (London) 1940, Dec. Vol. 48, No. 2, p. 30 A need for architects and owners of buildings of 27 historical and archite ctural value to have records to help restore them; drawings and accurate technical and historical data must be found and preserved, or if no record exists drawings may be made before demolition squads destroy buildings. \ Constructional work on air raid shelters and other oiU)bec/dive worksTa paper; abridged^ TöWiäTTöp fSE Institution op civil engiheerihg (London) Gierke, Robert William Goodwin 1939, April, Voll 11, No, 6, p. 573-584 A representative description of the application of Home Office and ÄKP recommendations. Covers protection of personnel and power plants from -gas, incendiary, light explosive bombs; demoli- tion and concussion. Diagrams, Designs of air raid shelters TlSb'BUTLDER'TLoncTon) ~ 1940, April 19, Vo1. CLVIII, No, 5071, p. 452-453. Emergency inquiry bureau "THErnmt?ETnT5HoTrj 1939, Dec. 1, Vol. 157, Ho, 5052, p. 7S8 , Questions from readers arising out of wartime difficulties and recent emergency legislation and answers on the following tonics: problems of a buirnal o w , a,nd ftsgj^e; pub lie s heT"! or o t; compensation unefer civil defense act. Emergency repair of air raid damage THE ENGINEER Ulondon) 1941, Fob. 21, Vol, CLXXI, No, 441, p. 123 The Emergency Service Organization and its local reconstruction panels; responsibility for securing the rapid restoration of production in damaged war factories. Engl1she luftschütz-sonderbasten (Special construc- tion aerial defense in England) VEREIN DEUTSHER INGENIEURE (The Society of German Engineers) 1959, May, 6, Vol, 83, pp, 523-525 The place of the : master of works and city/ engineer in the scheme of air raid precautions. JOURNAL“ OT' THE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE (London) Somers, Thomas ■ 1958, July, Vol, 59, No. 1, p, 76-81 28 Clearance of debris; repairs of streets; demoli- tion of unsafe buildings; loss of homes; choos- ing ground on which to build air raid shelters. The resistance of collapse of structures under air attack, THE SOCIETY OP ENGINEERS (London) Baker, J, P. • ' 1940, Jan,-June, Vol. XXXI, No. 1, p. 21-25 The attention of the designer is drawn to general points which should bo considered when designing new structures or when strengthening existing buildings, Some unusual features in recent building construc- tion THrT", STRUCTURAL ENGINEER (London)- " 1940, June, Vol. XVIII,No. 6, p. 619-624 Considerations of recent introductions in designs and construction. Structural precautions against air attack' 'THE BUILDER (iTondon*) ‘ Bayne, Oscar * - 1939, Jan. 13, Vol. 156, No. 5006, p. 21-30 Discussion of the various types ' of shelters; factors relating to shelter designs; precautions in new small,single and multl-storoy-buildings. Thoughts of air raid and every day structures THE ARCHITECT'AND BUILDING NEWS“TLondorTr 1940, Oct. 18, Vol. CLXIV, No. 3748, p. 47-51 The author discusses the fundamental considera- tions that must be given to such everyday structures as the small house. . Window glass, blackout' and structural organxsm are important’ . items. Wartime building practice THE BUTlTeH (London) Butler, R, Cotterell ■ * 1939, Oct. 15, Vol. 157, No 5045, p, 547-551 The first of a series of articles dealing with aspects of building activity under war conditions, endeavors to analyse those technical and general' modifications of pre-war practice which both the inhibiting and developing power of war conditions may introduce. 29 Wartime building practice TlfE SOLDER''!London^ Butler, R, Cotterell 1940, March 15, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5067, p. 530 Current technical considerations of blackout; light battle ventilators; pracbical detailing; diagrams, illustrations Wartime building practice THE' Milder {London] Butler:, R, Cotterell 1940, March 29, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5069, p. 384- A discussion on the Social Service Unit for emer- gency communities and its general requirements. The Social needs of a war-time community grouped under five main headings: recreation, food supply, medical services, education and ARP services. Wartime building practice Butler, R, Cotterell 1940, April 12, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5071, p. 441 Diagrams, illustrations Social service units for emergency consideration. A discussion of facilities, requirements, loca- tion, synthesis, etc. Wartime building. D.S.A.R, Bulletin No. 1. 1940, May 10, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5075, p. 567 ARP considerations of great importance in wartime buildings. Two main factors; (1) to minimize the damage likely to be caused by a direct hit; (2) to find a satisfactory solution of the problems of daylight illumination and blackout, and minimizing the damage to glazing from the blast of an exploding bomb. Wartime building bulletins. T® 'BUILDETTI LondLnT^— 1940, Vol. CLIX, No. 5106, p. 571 Some of the general principles of wartime building; (1) concealment from the air; (2) the minimizing of damage to structure during aerial bombardments; (3) economy in the use of materials. 30 Wartime building: D.S.I.R, Research bulletin IRON AND C'O’Aij' JrXDES REVIEW (London) 1940, Doc, 27, Vol, 140., p. 672, Tables A review of bulletins published by the Board considering war time building needs in the light of ARP economy of material and design factors. Wartime building bulletins, Eos, 5 8c 6 7ÜWMZ WH OR mWTcTpal ahd COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) “ " " 1940, Aug. 13, Vol. LXVII, No. 3, p. 22-24 Type designs illustrating the application of the principles of reinforced concrete to the problem of the single storey factory. Bulletin 6, part 1 introduces a now method of vault construction which eliminates the use of reinforcement and.tho need for temporary centering. Wartime building bulletin. No. 4 TÜS NtiTlN)!m''lEoncfon) ~ ~ 1940, July 5, Vol.,CLIX, No. 5083, p. 16 Economical type designs in steel work for single storey open shed factories. Supplementary designs combined with others to facilitate camouflage. Wartime building practice WlLDWTlTondonJ r ' '' 1940, Oct. 11 Vol. CLIX, No. 5059, p. 350-351 Considerations of particular and topical interest; entrances and exits; maintenance of blackout equipment with particular reference to winter' conditions; winter ventilation; saving time spent in ,fblack out77; blackout and splinter protection; blackout lighting. What does military design offer the architecture of peace? RECORD (New York) 1939, January, Vol. 85, p, 5056 Examining Suropofs No, 1 architectural trend making building designs 77 air worthy'7 for civilian population against potential dangers. Wartime building practice THE BUILDER ' ('to'ndonj Butler, R, Cottcrell 1940, Sept. 20, Vol. CLIX, No. 5094, p, 280 Industrial planning and, design; emergency factory accommodation. Conversion of peace-time workshops. 31 Planning the change over; draft and final scheme. General accommodation; lighting; sanitation. BUILDINGS, PROTECTION OP Alternatives to sandbars THE BUILDER (London)' 1939, Nov. 24, Vol. 157, No. 5051, p. 741 Three methods of providing a permanent substitute for this type of revetment: (1) tests with sand filling between timber boardings; (2) brick walls 13|ln. thick bedded in cement mortar; (3) provid- ing a revetment of hollow-pre-jiast concrete blocks. An alternative to sandbagging THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Dec. 22, Vol. 157, No. 5055, p. 856. Illustra- tions. Erection of wall of hollow-concrete blocks filled with sand and rubble. The application of reinforced brickwork as an ARP measure'. . iTHE STRUCTURAL ENGINEER (London) 1939, March, Vol. XVII, No. 4, p. 248. Table Two facts must be appreciated: (1) that every square foot of the country is liable to air attack; (2) that the greatest proportion of structures in the country are of brickwork. Probable damage to normal constructions. Conclusions given as to effect of high explosive bombs.' Reinforcements' a ga i n 31 d arna ge . ARP report - editorial notes THS STFdJÜTUIiAlVSFÖTTTEffR (London) 1939, March, Vol. XVII, No. 3, p. b First report on ARP issued by the Institution con- sisted of two parts: "A digest of published infor- mation”; ”The committee’s recommendation for pro- tecting existing buildings”. In the new edition, parts 1 and 2 have been revised. Parts 3 and 4 are published for the first time. Part 3 deals with air raid shelter; part 4 with new buildings. The care of churches in war THE BUILDER 1 London)' 1939, Nov. 24, Vol. 157, No. 5051, p. 728 No precautions can save a building from the dis- astrous consequences of a direct hit. Some general suggestions are given to mitigate the effects of in- cendiary bombs, flying fragments and blast. Re- moval of all valuables such as ancient glass, wall- paintings, records. Castles for industry THE RESERVE OFFICER (Washington, D.C.) 1940, Aug. Vol. XVII, No. 8, p. 2-9 The industrial castle - a fortified area of several hundred square miles or, more, in which industrial development is sufficiently concentrated to bear the expense of adequate anti-aircraft defense, yet sufficiently dispersed to afford few large targets for enemy bombs. Privately financed. Civil defense and the protection of factories THE INDIA!" AND EASTERN ENGINEER (Calcutta,' India) 1940, June, Vol’. 86, No, 6, p. 629 A discussion of rules and regulations for the pro- tection of factories; "fire fighting and fire watching"; causes of fires; rescue of trapped per- sons; protection from the effects of gas; decontam- ination of materials Civil defense works in Leeds THE BUILDER (London) Cameron, W.S. 1940, Eeb. 16, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5069, p. 219 An explanation of two defense problems: the total * ultimate accommodation in public air raid shelters, domestic shelters; air raid warden’s posts; protec- tion of civil buildings. Effect of bombing on building THE BUILDER’(London! 1940, Aug. 30, Vol. CLIX, No. 5091, p. 203 Necessity for allied societies rapidly collecting- information on the effects of air attack on steel, framed building, reinforced .concrete constructions, various densities of brick and stone walls9and cir- culating it among its members. Information bureaus set up where results of observation of war damage and suggestions for precautionary measures could be sent immediately. Extracts from a lecture - W. Garforth COVENTRY ENGINEERING SOCIETY JOURNAL (London) 1939, Mar.-April, Vol. 20, p. 45-53 Structural precautions and shelter protection in air raids. 33 Factory ARP THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) Wallis, T.E. • 1938, Pec. 2, Yol. C33CIII, Ho. 3184 Steps taken by the Midland Electric Manufacturing Co. of Birmingham for the protection and evacua- tion of its workers, and the safeguarding of build- ings and plants. How to protect your home from air raids YESTNIK PROTIYOYŹDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) Yidensky, Lt, 19JSL- Yol. 12, p. 43-45 Practical means for the protection of the home. Luftschutzbauten (Aerial protection of buildings) SCHWEIZERISCHE BAÜZEITUNG (SwisS Builders Newspaper) Schindler, G-. 1937, Aug. 14, Yol. 110, No. 7, p. 69-72 Protection of churches THE BUILDER“TLondon) 1937, Dec. 17, Yol. CLVIII, No. 4950, p. 1122 Important architectural principles in connection with new churches and extensions, and renovations of old churches. Sandbagging THE BUILDER (London) Bennett, Frank 1939, Oct. 27, Yol. 157, No. 5047, p. 613 This article deals with the preservation and tech- niques of sandbagging. Sandbag .preservation for air raid protection ENGINEERING TLondon)" 1939, dune 2, YolV 147. 3, P -65-8 Results of tests to determine the life of ’’proofed” and Tfun-proofed” bags for sand. Sanflbag protection 1939, May-Iunę,‘ Yol. 167, No. 4349, p. 618 Sandbags adapted for use in ARP. Practicability and durabilitjr of bags proofed by company’s ’’process” revealed after series of demonstrations. 34 Sand baa walling THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 13, Vol. 157, No. 5045,-P. 566. Illustra- tions. Details of a method for protecting windows again- st bomb splinters. It affords partial protection to a house at small cost. ‘War risks • • TEE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 20, Vol. 157, No. 5046, ;. 596 Comments on the report of Lord Weir’s committee appointed by the Government to find or devise a scheme of mutual protection against war risks. Wartime building. D.S.A.R. Bulletin No. 1 THE BUILDER (London) . 1940, May 10, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5075, p. 567 considerations in wartime building: (1) to minimize the danger likely to be caused by a direct hit; (2) a solution to the problem, of day light illumination and blackout; (3) minimizing the damage to glazing from, the blast of an exploding bomb. Wartime building practice THE BUILDER "[London)” 1940, Oct. 11, Vol. CLIX, No. 5059, p. 350-351 Discussions of particular and topical interest; entrances and exits; maintenance of blackout equip- ment with particular reference to winter conditions winter ventilation, saving time spent in ’’blacking out”; blackout and splinter protection; blackout lighting. .... Windows in wartime* INDIA - RUBBER JOURNAL 1940, Nov. 2, Vol. C. No. 18 A review of the wartime problems arising from widespread use of glass in buildings. The effect of blast in connection with windows showing the results of tests on methods of preventing the fracture of glass due' to blast.' BUILDINGS, PROTECTION. OF - GERMANY Aerial protection in settlement .houses and ’ buildings BUILDING WOHLD” ” " “ Von Diakon ■1939, Vol. 30, p. 745 35 Bautechr.ischer Luftschutz, (Building Technician .Aerial Protection) ... •SCHWEIZERISCHE BAUZEITUNG (Swiss Builders Newspaper) 1935, Feb. 2, Vol. 105, No. 5, p. 52-5* No. 35-6675- 24-125-126 Printed U.S.A, Engineering.Index Service. Factual study of effect of air bombs on buildings; special roof constructions and other structural measures for protection of buildings against ex- plosive and incendiary aerial bombs, cost and es- timates of such construction. Facilities for aerial protection of buildings TONINDÜSTRIE - ZTG. Tciey-Inöustry Paper) 1934, Jan. 22, Vol. 58, No. 7, p. 73-4. No. 34-13151- 24-125-200 Printed U.S.A. Engineering Index Service, Brief notes on government subsidies and aids for building structures for protection against air raids in Germany. Protection of buildings against air attacks 2ENTEAl.BLA.TT DER 'BAÜVEEWALTWG {Central newspaper of the Building Administration) 1934, Jan, 31, Vol. 54, No. 5, p. 54-6 See also - BUILDINGS, PROTECTION OP CAMOUFLAGE - AIRCRAFT Camouflage - airulane camouflage AIR SERVICE JOURl ALTNew' York) IR!?, Sept. 6, Vol. 1, No. 9, p. 276. Illustrations. Camouflage - camouflaged war planes SOCIETY OF BRITISH AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTORS 1937, April 6, A.857, pp. 6-7 Camouflage - Phantom raiders of the air; camouflage of airplanes POPULAR MECHANICS (Chicago) 1935, June, Vol. 63, pp. 888-891. Camouflage. Research into means for diminishing visibility and consequent vulnerability of bómbing- planes at night. TECHNIQUE MODERNS 1937, Sept. 15, Vol. 29, No. 18, p. 608-610. No. 37- 23587 125. Printed U.S.A, Engineering Index Service 36 Camouflage troubles ■ .. ■ YAKKEji PILOT (Milton, Maas) 1941, March, Vol. 4, No. 3, p. 9 A discussion on the troubles camouflaging experts are having with two new .paints used on air craft. Camouflaging 'airplanes LITERARY DIGEST 1920, June 12. Sand and spinach' AIR TRAILS - 1939, Vol. 13, No. 3, p. 15. Illustrations A discussion of the problems of camouflage when ’applied to aircraft. The top side of, pursuit * ships are painted with a camouflage design of olive green and yellow brown, nick-named "sand and spin- ach by BntainsT airmen. Two distinct types of camouflage, euch with an entirely different func- tion; (1) protective coloration, which tends to make’an airplane difficult to see; (2) dazzle type intended primarily for short-range, local defense fighters, See also - CAMOUFLAGE - AIRPORTS CAMOUFLAGE - AIRPORTS Camouflage, airport. Aerodrome Camouflage AEROPLANE a . R. H. 1939, April $, Vol. 56,. p. 426 Camouflage, airport. Camouflaged airports AEROPLANE 1939, Feb. 8, Vol. 56, p. 156 Defense c f airdromes and 1and ing-fields MARINE CORPS GAZETTE Washington, B.C.) Purple, W.C., U.S.M.C. 1940, June, Vol. 24, No. 2, p. 31-33 Illustrations Bombs laid in landing air fields. Camouflaging pits and trenches used to make landing in field Impossible. CAMOUFLAGE - ARTILLERY Gamourlage for artillery COAST ARTILLERY JOURNAL Wilson, Lt. A.S. 1929, Vol. 70, p. 63. 37 Gun Camouflage SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 1913, Dec. 7, p. 460 Art of placing batteries so the enemy can’t find them. Hasty Camouflage for A.A. guns COAST ARTILLERY JOURNAL '(Washington, D.C.) Ro dy enko, Peter 1940, May-June, Vol. 33, No. 3, p. 270-273 Hasty camouflage: experiments carried out during 1933 at Camp Upton. A 3in. AA gun fortified against strafing of low flying airplanes; materi al used to obstruct its view from airplanes; photos taken before and after camouflage. CAMOUFLAGE - BIBLIOGRAPHY A review of Camouflage literature The MARINE , D, C, ) 1939, Nov. pp. 22-27 (part 1) 1940, March 4, pp. 40-43 (part 2) Comprehensive bibliography regarding all phases of camouflage with reviews of selected volumes. CAMOUFLAGE - BUILDINGS The camoufleur and his craft THE BUILDER (London) Walker-Myerscough, R. Item 1 - The Approach - 1939, Sept. 15, Vol. 157, d. 425-426 Item 11 - Methods - 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 157, p. 457-453 Item 111 - Technique, - 1939, Sept. 29, Vol. 157, p. 439-490 Item IV - Paints and conclusions - 1939, Oct, 6, Vol. 157, p. 519-520 Notes and news - Camouflage of historic buildings THE BUlLDEFTLondonJ “ 1939, Dec. 22, Vol. 157, No. 5055, p. 343 Disfigurement and other grave disadvantages in camouflaging cathedrals and other historic build- ings . ARP - Camouflaged buildings INDIA RUBBER JOURNAL 1940, Nov. 30, Vol. C, No. 22, p. 2 A review of the schemes undertaken in the treat- 38 ment of buildings to conceal them from enemy raiders. A discussion of the various nettings such as adhesive, black and wife netting essen- tial in camouflaging buildings. Structural precautions against air attack THE BUILDER '(London! Bayne, Oscar 1939, Jan. 13. Vol. 156, So. 5006, p. 3031 Camouflage of buildings: difficulty in making buildings invisible from the air by camouflage. Three departments in camouflaging buildings (1) siting and grouping of buildings; (2) faking or disguising shapes or parts of buildings with semi- permanent structural work; (3) painting. Se also - CAMOUFLAGE, FACTORIES CAMOUFLAGE - CHEMISTRY Luminous paint in war LITERARY DIGEST 1917, Dec. 8, Vol. 55, p. 28 CAMOUFLAGE - EQUIPMENT An individual camouflage kit THE MILITARY ENGINEER (Washington, D.C.) 1940, Sept.70ctVol. 32, No. 185 A discussion of camouflage as a protection against hostile observation. Emphasis is placed upon the practicability of the individual kit. CAMOUFLAGE - EXPERIMENTATION Camouflage -- Experiments in camouflage TEE MILITARY ENGINEER 1933, Van-Feb. Vol. 25, No. 139, p. 78-79 No'. 33-403 125-126 Printed U.S.A. Engineering Index Service. Experiments,on detection of artificial camouflage by"use of color filters in aerial photography by officers of 40th Camouflage Battalion,Corps of Engineers. Color joins the army FLYING AND POPULAR' AVIATION Ingells, Douglas I. 1940, Sept., Vol. XXVII, No. 3, p. 36 A discussion on the development of sr.persensitive 39 films and improved lenses for color cameras which in many cases have rendered camouflage schemes to conceal big guns and troop movements practically worthless. CAMOUFLAGE, FACTORIES Camouflage of large installations - Handbook No. 11 ( 1st edition) GREAT BRITAIN HOHE OFFICE (ARP Department)(London) 1939, This pamphlet describes in general terms the meas- ures which may be taken by way of camouflage to render factories and other buildings less distin- guishable from the air. Castles for industry THE RESERVE OFFICER (Washington, D.C.) 1940, Aug. Vol. XVII, No. 8, p. 2-9 The industrial castle - a fortified area of several hundred square miles or more, in which industrial development is sufficiently concentrated to bear the expense of adequate anti-aircraft defense yet sufficiently dispersed to afford few large targets- for enemy bombs. Privately financed. Blackout factory FLYING AND POPULAR AVIATION (Chicago) 19U, May, Vol. XXVIII, No. 6, p, 1 Discussion of first factory built under national defense that is invisible from the air. No win- dows' or skylights, all entrances will have light traps to prevent spotting from air at night. Bomb-proof shelters for 18,000 employees. Bomb- proof storage rooms for airplanes, supplies and equipment. Wartime building bulletins THE STRUCTURAL ENGINEER (London) 1941, Fan. Vol. XIX, No. 1, p. 12 A summary of the two most recent wartime building bulletins issued by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. Bulletin 10-important factors (a) concealment from the air; (b) the minimizing of damage to aerial bombardment; (c) economy in the use of materials. Bulletin 11 - precautions for concreting and brick-laying, in cold weather. 40 Wartime building bulletin No. L THE] BUILDER (London)" " “ 19AO, July, 5, Vol. CLIX, No. 5083, p. 16 Economical type designs in steel work for single storey open shed factories. Not suitable for those which require to be camouflaged. Supplementary designs combined with others will facilitate cam- ouflage . See also - CAMOUFLAGE, INDUSTRIAL CAMOUFLAGE, FORTIFIED ZONES Anti-aircraft "layouts” for the defense of vulnerable areas. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ARTILLERY Shi1stone, Col. W.R, 1939, July, Vol. 66, No. 2, p. 184-204 A consideration of the problems involved in estab- lishing AA "layouts”; the warning system; location of gun-sections; searchlights; communications. Charts, tables. Camouflage for troops of the line UNITED STATES ARMY COLLEGE (Washington, Government Printing Office) War Document ?2? 1918, Jan. 2L pp Gun emplacement and military works, The importance of position. Comparison of photographs. "Camouflage of sea-coast fortifications” THE MILITARY ENGINEER Saint-Gaudens, Captain Homer" 1931, Sept.-Oct. Distribucion de las defensas anti-aereas vulnerables (Distribution of vulnerable anti-aerial defenses) TOUTLI Shi1stone, Capt. 1939, Sept. Vol. 2, p. 265-282 The eyes of war AIR TRAIL McKay, Herbert C. 1939, Vol. 13, No. 3,.P. 20-21 Modern military strategy on new camouflage methods depends upon accurate information obtained without loss of time. The enemy moves artillery into a new, well-cam- ouflaged position over night. Certain maneuvers no longer depend upon direct visual observation by man. The modern military camera answers the ques- tion accurately and instantaneously. How big guns and kite balloons hide from the enemy SCIENTIFIC .AMERICAN 1913, Nov. 23, p. lv09 See also - CAMOUFLAGE, ARTILLERY CAMOUFLAGE - GAS WORKS Gas work measures GAS JOURNAL (London). 1939, May 24, Vol. 22b, p. 516 Notes on ARP taken from gas plants in English towns. CAMOUFLAGE, HIGHWAYS Camouflaged roads of the war SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 1913, August 17, p. 121 The art of camouflage or the scene painter and the war. SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 1917 Jan-June, NS 116, p. 597 CAMOUFLAGE - HISTORY The Art of Camouflage or the scene painter and the war SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 1917 Ian-June, NS 116, p. 597 Camouflage from Gideon to Daniels THE LITERARY DIGEST 1913, Feb. 16, Vol. 56 Camouflage THE LITERARY DIGEST 1917, Sept. 22, Vol. 55, p. 55 42 Company A: American Canoufleurs THE LITERARY DIGEST 1917, October 13, Vol. 55. p. 56 FoolInn the enemy THE AMERICAN - LEGION MAGAZINE- 1940, August, Vol. 29, No. 2, p. 18 This article discusses the fact that the famous warriors Napoleon, Frederick the Great, George Washington and others resorted to military ruse in early as well as recent times. Twenty-four cen- turies ago, Sun Tzu, the military Confuseius of China and the father of strategy, wrote "all war- fare is based on deception". CAMOUFLAGE - INDUSTRIAL Camouflage of industrial plants VESTNIK PROTIV0VZDÜSHN01 0B0R0NY Linnik, A. 1938', Vol. 9, pp. 15-18 1 saw China fight AIR TRAILS (New York) 1941, May, Vol. XVI, No. 2, p. 10 A discussion on civilian defense and camouflage Notes on Camouflage ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS 1940, Sept. Vol. 197, No. 5292, p. 318 Training for the Home; Guard. The art of individ- ual camouflage as taught at Osterley Park. Some simple and practical tips for the Home Guard. CAMOUFLAGE - MANUALS "Camouflage" ENGINEER FIELD MANUAL (Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C.) 1920, May. Handbook 11A - Camouflage of large installations (10) BRITISH“LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York City) 1940 43 Instruction provisoire technique sur le camouflage (Temporary”te chnical'Instruction on camouflage) MINISTER OF WAR (France) 1926 A short booklet dealing with the following aspects of camouflage: (1) the technique; (2) the impor- tance of camouflage; (3) principles of the organi- zation of camouflage service: (4) vision and photo- graphic reproduction of forms and colors; (5) cam- ouflage of movements by artificial means. Also contains charts, pictures, and illustrations. CAMOUFLAGE - MODEL LABORATORIES Theatre for studying camouflaged ship models SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 1919, Dec. 13. CAMOUFLAGE - MORALE Armies in disguise WAR PICTORIAL (London) 1939, Oct. No. 6, p. 16-19. Illustrations This is a description of the various ways of making and using effective camouflage. Camouflage - the art of concealment is playing a big part in the war, for it can save men and guns from aerial attack. CAMOUFLAGE - NAVAL Naval Camouflage UNITED STATES NAVAL INSTITUTION PROCEEDINGS Bittinger, Charles (U.S. Naval Reserve) 1940, Oct. Vol. 66, No. 452. p. 1362-152? A discussion of the various forms of naval cam- ouflage. Contains pictures of ship models showing the effects of camouflage and other types of cam- ouflage such as "designing camouflage" and the "decimated design". Some special uses of smoke screens UNITED STATES ffiVAlT“INSTITUTE PROCEEDINGS (Washington, D.C.) Parker, Captain R.C, 1940, Oct. Vol. 66, No. 452, p. 953. See also - CAMOUFLAGE, SHIPS 44 CAMOUFLAGE - ORGANIZATION - FRANCE French artists remobilized THE LITERARY DIGEST 1916, Aug. 19, Vol. 53 CAMOUFLAGE - RESEARCH Present day camouflage THE RESERVE OFFICER Washington, D,C.) Gaudens-Salnt, Homer 1941, May 7, Vol. XVIII, No. 5, p. 10-13 It is, no longer only front line offensive and de- fensive constructions that are to be camouflaged, but sea coast fortifications and such important rear area installations as air fields, supply depots and ordnance factories, which naturally are recorded on enemy maps. Concealment from bombing planes considered rather than artillery fire, "Haze" paint is expected to reduce visi- bility. A spectro-photometer is employed to de- termine whether an artificial green dye will match natural green foliage under all photographic con- ditions. Tests of visibility are continued both in the air above the actual objects, and with small scale models, etc. To obtain results in Industrial camouflage, there is less need to insist on the * military aspects of the problem. Paint chemists, model builders, landscape architects become the order of the day. The. problem now concerns such matters as the treatment of roofs and sky lights. Non-reflecting glass is sought. The advantages of mineral wool as a camouflage cover is balanced against various kinds of cloth. CAMOUFLAGE - ROBES Completing military camouflage with camouflage robes SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 1917, July-Dee. Vol. 117, p. 225 CAMOUFLAGE - ROOF "TOPS Camouflage cinemas ■ TEE ARCHITECT AND BUILDING NEWS (London) 1940, Oct. 11, Vol. CLXIV, No. 3747, p. 26 Many roofs are being camouflaged in matt colors 45 Neutral colors sprayed on in form of oil bound distemper. Care taken to avoid camouflage in the military sense. Glass doors and large windows in halls and foyers are painted on both sides. Other cinema aids to ARP are painted directional arrows. CAMOUFLAGE, SHIPS Some special uses of smoke screens UNITED STATES NAVAL INSTITUTE PROCEEDINGS (Washington, D.C.) ' Parker, Captain R.G. 1940, Oct. Vol. 66, No. 452, p. 953 CAMOUFLAGE, TANKS Tank camouflage at Fort Benning THE MILITARY ENGINEER Heavey, W.F. 1949, lan-Feb. Vol. 32, No. 187, pp. 58-60 Camouflaged tanks before and after an aerial photograph test. What will break their shadow on the ground. CAMOUFLAGE -TE CHNIQHES An all-purpose camouflage net TNĘ MILITARY WGIREER (wasTTTngtoii, D.G.) Rodyenko, Peter 19U, Harch-April, Vol. 23XTII, No, 188, p. 151 Recommends the adoption of an all-purpose unit camouflage net suitable for various camouflage purposes, and adaptable to various'sizes and variegated terrain. The American Camouflage THE LITERARY DIGEST (New York) 1917, fray 12, Vol. 54 Aspect of light, shade and color in modern warfare SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN Luckiesh, M. 1918, Oct. 12, Vol. 86, p. 231 Camouflage THFT3Ü1U3ER (London) 1939, Dec. 1, Vol. 157, p. 769 Discussion of the general idea of camouflage, photography, color and tone, distortion and imitation. The following points are also in- cluded: (1) necessity for photograph from the air; (2) use of fishermans netting -for^camouflag- ing j (3) use of glass by spraying'varnish and coloured sand on to it. Camouflage - aeronautical camouflage ÄEEIÄL AGE (New York) 11, BO. 9, p. 288-289, 300 Camouflage; art's aid in warfare CURRENT OPINION . 1917, July, Vol. 63, pp. 50-*1 Camouflage - Common sense of camouflage defense THE~N' I LI TARY ENGINEER MacKenzie, A . _ . _ „ , Q , n oi. 193/,, .Tan-Feb., Vol. 26, Bo. U5, ?• Bo. 3u 173b. 125-126 Printed IT.S.A. Engineering Index Service. Futility of paint; power of defense in Bor..d War, four principles of camouflage; deceiving airman s camera; importance of camouflage. Camouflage for. A ».A LULL. , . \ ARTILLERY JOURNAL (’Washington, -A.) 1918, Vol. 83, No. 3, P. 270-273 Camouflage in war and nature ART WORLD 1918, July, Vol. 9, p. 174-1/5 Camouflage problems at Font. Ura££ x COASTTRIILLERV JOURNAL (Washington, D. C. ) Arnold, First Lieut, a.R. 1938, Nov.-Dec. Camouflage - Wer’s Handmaid ART WORLD McCabe, L.R. ö 1918, January, Vol. 7, P» il3-il° Increasing visibility through ą knowledge of camou- flage SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN Skerett, R.G. 1919, May 3 47 Military Camouflage SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN A. Klein and J.C. Mottram 1919, Aug. 23, Native /merican Camouflage SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN ‘ 1918, Jan-June, Vol. 118, p. 542 Principles of Camouflage SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN Luckiesh, M. 1919, Jan 25, Feb. 8, Feb. 22 Seeing but not seen SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 1918, Jan-June, Vol,. 118, p. 451 Shadow Shading SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 1937, August, p. 100 Smoke as a protection of towns VESTNIK PROTIV0VZDUSHN0I 0B0R0NY (Moscow) S-Sry 1938, Vol. 9, pp. 39-43 Striped suits and papier-mache carcasses as camouflage SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN ~ 1918, Jan. 2.6, CAMOUFLAGE-TRAFFIC PAINTS Fluorescent paints for ARP THE ELECTRICIAN (London) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. 125, No. 12, p. 1Ó5 A technical discussion of the difference between fluorescent and phosphorescent' paints for ARP purposes together with formulas. 25 -4RF 38 Traffic oaints TEE JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) 1940, Aug. 13, Vol. LXVIII, No. 3, p. 22 Road markings important as a result of blackout regulations. Road markings graded into three categories (1) markings on the carriageway; (2) markings on curbs; (3) markings on navement ob- structions . 48 CAMOUFLAGE, 'VEHICLES Camouflage - concealment of motor vehicles THE MILITARY ENGINEER (Washington, D.C.“) Arnold, R.R. 1939, Sept.-Oct., Vol. 31, p. 329-334 Camouflage of road vehicles THE BUILDER ("London) 194.0, J*ug. 30, Vol. CLIX, No. 5091, P. 223 . The following notice is issued by the Ministry of Transport! "No objection to private owners painting their vehicles provided they are not painted in a manner that resembles camouflaged service vehicles." Defense of transport against- air attack ENGINEERING’ 1938, Vol. 145, No. 3768, p. 359-360 Headlamps masks for motor vehicles THE MGIŃEER TLo 11 don) 19U, Feb. 21, Vol. CLXXI, No. 4441, p. 137 Some requirements for headlamp masks in the light- ing restriction order. Drawing of a recommended type mask issued by the Ministry of Home Security. Vehicle camouflage PASSENGER TRANSPORT JOURNAL 1940, Aug. Vol. 83, No. 2091, p. 37 The principle of the combined town and country effect is that one half of the vehicles divided longitudinally, should harmonize with the country and the other half with the town. CANTEENS Canteens for home defense units THE WOMAN ENGINEER (London!“ 1940, dune, Vol. 5, No. 3, P* 45 Establishment of a mobile welfare Canteen Corps by daughter Society of the Women Engineering Society, to oper*te among isolated anti-aircraft and search light units. Canteen of the trailer type. Preparation and serving of food. 49 The Communal meal THE SPECTATOR 1940, July, 26, No. 5848, p. 89 Five reasons why communal feeding will become more important as the war progresses. Numerous combinations of schemes run by different authori- ties with respect to feeding mothers and children, ARP wardens and others made homeless by air raids. CLOTHING Asbestos in ARP THE ELECTRICIAN (London) 1939, July 7, Vol. 123, p. 23 Some special clothing and equipment available; curtains, blankets, etc., for factory workers. Practicability of the "Eestobell” a light weight suit, helmet and gloves made of fire and heat resisting asbestos. Preservation of ARP clothing ENGINEERING (London) 1939, June 16, Vol. 147, 3 p. 72-76 Suggestions for controlled temperatures in storage spaces for air raid protection clothing. Steel helmets for industry 1939, July 14, Vol. 148 pt. 1. p. 50 Regulations for supplying helmets to workers with ARP. COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Anti-aircraft "layouts" for the defense of vulnerable areas. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ARTILLERY (London) Shilstone, Col. W.R, 1939, July, Vol. 66, No. 2, p. 184-204 A consideration of the problems involved in estab- lishing AA "layouts"; the warning system; location of gun-sections, searchlights, communications. Charts and 'tables, ARP and the factory THE BUILDER (London) 1940, March 22, Vol. CLVIII, No, 5068, p. 363 Discussion of the importance of employing technical 50 and scientific experts to assist in making ARP preparations. Valuable information on shelters; protection of vital plants; observation posts; communications; first aid; fire fighting; rescue work; decontamination; and lighting problems ARP local c ommuni cat ions and reporting of air raid damage - "Memorandum Ho ChIAT’BRITIAN HOME OFFICE (Air raid Precautions Department) 1938 ' ‘ A scheme of air raid precautions depends on its system of communications: Part 1 - general as- pects; part 2 - arrangements for passing reports; part 3 - organization of report centers; part 4 - .summary. The post-office, air raid delays THE ETEÖWTÖIäN"(LondonT* 1940, Nov, 15, Vol. 125, No. 20 A reply of the postmaster general to public criti- cism of the short comings of his department under air raid condition. An explanation of the reasons for delays not only in the mail service but also in the telegraphic and telephonic service. War damage to mains, Overcoming results to bombing, THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1941, Jan. 10, Vol, CXVIII, No. 3294, p. 226 An individual who operates in the heavily bombed, area tells how much cables and associated gear will withstand bombardment and gives advice on the repair of damage. CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS Wartime building nrnotice THE BUILDER (LondonT 1939, Dec. 3, Vol. 157, Ho. 5053, p. 785 The development of materials and constructional systems as substitutes for timber. Wartime building nractlce,.,provisional building Effi 3tJXLDER '(London] Butler, R. Cotteroll 1941, March 21, P. 291-292; March 28, p. 320-22 Part 4S - construction: the use of debris for structural purposes. Part 47 - construction: economic efficiency and nrefabrication. 51 See also- SHELTER-CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS DEC 0NTAMINATI ON CENTERS Air raids and water supplies Ä UlCIfAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINI- STRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 29, Vol. 49, p. 1515 Summary of a circular is Issued by the depart- ment of the health for Scotland outllng steps to be taken to insure against pollution of water supplies during air raids. ARP police decontamination centers, West Sussex THE BUILDER fLondonJ Stillman, C.G. 1939, Nov. 17, Vol. 157, No, 5050, p. 709 Practical usage, construction and suitable loca- tion of decontamination centers for the West Sussex police. DEFENSE HOUSING - USA Housing for defense THE C ONSTRUCTOR"TWashingt on, D.C • ) 1941, Jan. Vol. XXIII, No. 1, p. 27 A review of the role of housing in relation to America’s defense, Factual findings by Miles L. Coleman. An exhaustive survey has been made by The Twentieth Century Fund. The recommendations were made by the Funds Committee and headed by Henry E. Hoaglund, See also - BUILDINGS-DESIGNS DWELLINGS, PROTECTION OF Private houses and anticraft defense VESTNlK TvlOTIVOVXDUSHNOI OBOR OnY (Review of anti- aircraft de fens e (Mos c ow) Vendenski, Lieut, 1958, Vol. 12, p, 43-44 EDISON-ENSUR-A-LITE Wartime electrical hints THE ELECTRICAL AGS TLonRon) 1941, Jan. Vol. 5, No. 21 The Switch dimmer and its placement, ventilation 52 in the blackout, photo of a complete lighting unit called the Edison Ensur-a-llte. EDUCATION - INDUSTRIAL Careers advice JliM ISIf “CHOR Oil CLS' (L ondon) 1941, Jan. 3, p, 22 Ft, 1 - regulations for acceptance and contin- uation of trainees in munition works, classifi- cation by age, a relationship to armed forces. Pt, 2 - providing continuous education oppor- tunity in the professions for armed enrollees. Emergency war work for girls SCHOOL AND SOCIETY TlTew York) 1941, April 5, Vol. 5.3, No, 1371, p. 436 Activities for girls under N.Y.A. auspices de- signed to train them in certain skills in me- chanical arts, Employers'aid defense THE RESERVir~ÜFPIGER~TWashington, D.C.) 1940, Sept, Vol. XVII, No. 9, p. 13 Largo and small firms and corporations, as well as individual employers, continue to aid men preparing for national defense, according to reports made to the War Department. Industrial arts in the defense program INDUSTRIAL ARTS’ IND VOCATION EDUCATION Finstorbach, P.G. 1941, Nov. Vol, 30, p. 107 108 Internal defense lies within the schools NATION’S SCHOOLS “ Moehlman, Arthur B, 1940, Sept. Vol, 26, No. 3, p. 21-22 Schools as agencies for the preservation of democracy through continuation, expansion and improvement of public education. National defense and occupational trends SCHOOL AND COLLEGE PLACEMENT’TpEI 1sdelphia, pa.) 1940, Oct. Vol, 1, No, 1, pp, 3-6, 60 A study of factors affecting the labor supply and the needs of industry in relation to national defense. The Navy training program for civilian employees TTrainTng” for natiohäTTTefense -’ part four) TIE CHANT CAL ENGINEERING (New York) Fisher, C.W. 1941, March, Yol. 63, No. 3, p. 188-189 Review of training for personnel to meet the need for technical and skilled artisans. Need for training on college and sub-college lewel TTraining for national defense]' MECHANICAL ENGINEERING New York) Stocking, E.J. IJ.S, Civil Service Commission 19U,March Yol. 63, No. 3, p. 185-188 Civil Service Commission considers problems of technical and skilled training for industry’s needs. New York State Education Department’s National Defense program~~prrainTng for national defense - part 5) MECHANICAL ENGINEERING{New York) Hotchkiss, Wm. 0. and Wiltse, Stanley B. 1941, March, Yol. 63, No. 3, p. 192-194 Problems in organizing supplementary courses to aid national defense industries at Rensselaer Institute. One less bottleneck AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Barton, Fred B. 1940, Dec. Yol. 29, No. 6, p. 12-13, 46-48 The "Connecticut Plan" as a means of training skilled mechanics for defense industries. Program for defense NATION’S SCHÜÖL Studebaker, L.W. 1941, March, Yol. 2?, p. 47 Training for national defense - part one MECHANICAL ENGINEERING(New York) Potter, A.A. 1941, March, Yol. 63 No. 3. 183-185 The problem and how the government is meeting it; vocational training, civilian pilot training; technical training. Standards of qualifications Vocational counselor’s part in national defense OCCUPATIONS ~ " ' 1941, Oct. Vol. 19, pp. 3-8 54 EDUCATION-MORAL AND POLITICAL Administrator at Atlantic City SCHOOL AND SOCIETY'lNew York) Farley, Belmont 1941, Mar. 8, Vol. 53, No. 1367, pp. 239-296 American association of school administrators discusses the role of education in the plans for total defense of democracy. Civil liberties in wartime Vl'fH; ÄlfL*(newlofIir Bok, 'Curtis 1940, Aug. 15, Vol. 6, No. 21, pp. 654-5 Plea for the assurance of tolerance in the face of impending emergencies. The challenge of today VITAL SPEECHES (New York) Singleback, William F. 1940, Sept. 15, Vol. 6, No. 23, pp. 732-5 A view that educational and cultural retrenchment endangers the life of democracy. Democratic education for the national emergency SCHOOL AND SOCIETY (New York) Brown, Harry A. 1941, April 5, Vol. 55, No. 1371, PP* 428-434 Propsal for the education of America in present world crisis founded upon five key concepts, designed to meet the new needs of defense of de- mocracy. Educational research and the defense of democracy SCHOOL AND“"SOCIETY CNew York) Trabue, M.R. , 1941, March 8, Vol. 53, No. 1367, pp. 297-304 Conditions and experiences which modify attitudes and develop skills; their application in education for defense of democracy. Fairy tales and reality: an essay the relation of physical and health education to national defense, SCHOOL AND SOCIETY ¥i11i ams, Jesse F. 1941, Jan. 11, Vol. 53, No. 1359, pp. 33-39 . Discussion of educational plan for developing physique, stamina, endurance, vitality, motor 55 skills and physical courage as necessary con- tribution of American schools to national defense. Fightina the fifth column; how schoolmen can aid the F.B.I. NATION?S SCHOOLS Hoover, I.E. 1940, Nov. Vol. 26, No. 5 p. 25-6 Recommendations for proper and improper procedures in detecting spies and saboteurs. Internal defense lies within the schools NATION’S SCHOOLS Moehlman, Arthur B. 1940, Sept. Vol. 26, No. 3, p. 21-22 Schools as agencies for the preservation of de- mocracy through continued expansion and im- provement of public education. Must America change its theory of civil liberties? VITAL SPEECHES (New York] HeikleJohn, Dr. Dona1d 1940, Sept. 13, Vol. 6, No. 23, pp. 720-4 Considerations of strength and weakness of civil liberties in the face of the present emergency and the need for unity in democracy. National defense needs: how your school can contri- bute to national defense. 2nd in series. NATION’S SCHOOLS Edmonson, I.B. 1940, October? Vol. 26, No. 4, p. 26-2? Consideration of the educational needs for true democratic living; a program of thirty objectives to attain the final aim. Ours is the great job. A long view of national de- fense. NATION’S SCHOOLS 1941, March, Vol. 2?, No. 3, p. 43 An opinion that education needs to be re-orientat- ed to insure stability and peace in accordance with true democratic principles. Peace and power politics NATION’S SCHOOLS Bowman, Isaiah 1941, March, Vol. 27, No. 3, p. 43-49 A schoolman view the problems which confront 56 democracy and which will be more serious after the war; the role of education in their solution. Program for defense NATIONHS SCHOOLS “ v Studebaker, John W. 1941, March, Vol. 27, No. 3, p. 46 lie thesis that upon secondary education rests the responsibility can be discharged. Role of health end physical education in national defense JOURNAL HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION Irwin, L.W. 19AO, Sept. Yol. 11, p. A06-A07 Strengthening our moral defenses, 3nd in series NATION'S SCHOOLS’ Carr, William G. 19AO, Nov. Yol. 2o, No. 5, p. 29-30 The secondary school as a center .of study activi- ties aimed at developing morale for democratic living. EDUCATION-PROFESSIONAL AMD TECHNICAL America, teachers and the present crisis EDUCATIONAL METHOD Holmes, H.W, 1940, Oct,, Yol. 20, pp. 7-15 The army education scheme (Reprint from Public Opinion) Life (Melbourne, Australia) 1941, April, Yol. A, No. 1, p. 31 Discussion of army.education scheme adopted, by the British Government. Organization of regional committees at British universities, offering courses in foreign politics' and International, re- lations, economics, history and languages. , Careers advice JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1941, Jan. 3, p. 22 Ft. 1 - regulations for acceptance and continu- ation of trainees in munition works; classifi- cation by age, relationship to the armed forces. Pt, 2 - providing continuous educational oppor- tunity in the professions for armed enrollees. Colleges and national defense AMERICAN ASSOCIATION UNIVERSITY WOMEN JOURNAL Moncure, J.C, 1940, Oct. Vol. 34, p. 33-35 • Colleges in the preparedness program EDUCATIONAL RECORD 1917, - 1918, Dot. 1940 Vol, 21, pp. 489-496 The engineer in national defense THE SOONER MAGAZINE (University of Oklahoma Association) • . 194-1, March, Vol. XIII, No. 7, p. 11 The needs of the student engineer and possible contributions to defense. Engineering training for national defense JOURNAL 01' ENGLISH EDUCATION 1940, November, Vol. 31, pp. l68-l?6 The navy training program for civilian employees (Training" for national defense - part four) MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Fisher, C.W. 1941, March, Vol. 63, No. 3, p. 188-189 Review of training for personnel to meet the need for technical and skilled artisans. Nursing education and national defense AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING Stewart, I.M. 1940, December, Vol. 40, pp. 1376-1385 President Graham on national defense SCHOOL AMD SOCIETY 1940, Vol. 52, pp. 419-420 Training college graduates for the aeronautic industry (Training for national defense, part three) MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (London) 1941, March, Vol. 63, No. 3, pp. 190-192 Industry trains the graduate in aeronautical, engineering. 58 Training for national defense - part one MECliANI CAL ENGINEERING- (Lon do n) Potter, A.A, 1941, March, Vol. 63, No. 3, pp. 183-185 The problem and how the government is meeting it; vocational training; civilian pilot train- ing; technical training. Standards of qualifi- cation. Training for national defense - part two MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Stocking, S.J, U.S. Civil Service Commission 1941, March, Vol. 63, No. 3, The need for training on college and sub-college levels. Civil Service Commission consider pro- blems of technical and skilled training for industry’s needs. ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Illuminated display cabinets THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Deo. 15, Vol. 157, Fo. 5054, p. 827 Illuminated display cabinets intended to be placed in shop windows under war time conditions. General information concerning dimensions, lighting fittings and conditions of use. Lighting for ARP - some questions on complementary colour systems; windows covered with blue paint. THE ELECTRICIAN 1939, December 28, Vol. 123, p. 90 Wartime electrical hints THE ELECTRICAL AGE (London) 1941, Jan, Vol. 3, No. 21. The Switch dimmer and its placement, ventilation in the blackout. Photo of a complete lighting unit called the Edison Snsur-a-lite, EVACUAT10N*-BI LLET ING - GREAT BRITAIN Billeting in Liverpool JOURNAL OF* THU ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE (London) 191-1, April, Vol. LXI, No. 1, p. 143 The organization, duties and billeting of home- less persons following air-raids are reviewed this article. 59 Caring for air raid victims resmkTSIPAL JOURNAL"'AND' LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINI- STRATOR (London) . 1941, Ian. 17, Vol. 49, p. 67 Billeting; emergency hostels; rehousing as a means of caring for the homeless victims of air- raids in Birmingham, Evacuation in war TIME EDUÖATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Pan. 14, No. 2137 A survey of private houses and accommodation available in parts of the country less liable to air attack as the first step in preparation of a scheme of evacuation from densely populated areas in the event of war. Evacuation still hangs fire the müniöipAL Journal aiRTlocal government admini- strator (London) 1940, Nov. 15, Vol. 49, No. 2494, p. 1454 In spite of all efforts at evacuation nearly 300,000 children still remain in London; effective cooperation necessary between the evacuating and receiving authorities; better organization of billeting; better understanding of the psychology of evacuees. Finding billets f oJ^Qm knT&ADMI STRATOR (London) 1940, duly, Vol. 49, Ho. 2473, p. 934 Local authorities in "neutral" areas engaged- in preparing billeting organization so that they may be- ready to deal with the influx of persons transferred from the coastal areas in the event of the Government ordering tne compulsory evacua- tion of those regions for military purposes. Problems of evacuees; billeting officer’s views in the light of experience THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINI- STRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 29, Vol, 49, p. 1516 Summary of a prize-winning paper describing cur- rent practices in evacuation, and suggesting solutions to many of the problems. The main 60 essential in the evacuation of children is said to be satisfactory billeting rather than educa- tion. Wartime building practice THE DUlLDFl (London) 1939, Nov. 3, Vol. 157, No. $048, p. 641. Need for adequate billeting accommodation: three classes of the population; types of accommodation considered best for each class. Wartime building practice THE BUILDER (London] Butler, R, dotterel! 1939, Nov. 10, Vol. 157, No. $049, p. 670 Billeting accommodation and structural require- ments. The structural characteristics of emer- gency accommodation designed to house evacuated members of the population; to provide billets for civil defense and other wartime requirements. Wartime building practice THE BUILDER (London) Butler, H, Gottereil 1939, Nov. 17, Vol. 157, No. 5050, p. 698 Billeting accommodation and fittings; economy of material and labour; cooperation with the designer ■and manufacturers necessary for efficiency. EVACUATION-CHILDREN-FRANCE French children in wartime TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Oct. 21, No. 1277, p. 412 This article is from a correspondent on the evacuation scheme. Two major problems to be solved (1) transfer of children from Paris end other large towns into the provinces (2) the evacuation of children from the eastern frontier districts into safe areas inside the central and western zones. EVACUATI ON - CHILDREN-GREAT' BRITAIN After Exodus TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 16, No. 1272, p. 371 Migration of children from crowded and vulnerable districts. 61 Air raid precautions - Evacuation plans YiFesTducITIÜNAL Slipelement 1938, July 30, No. 1213, p. 292 A discussion by Birmingham. Education Committee of the question of protecting sohool children in the event of air raids. Evacuation of children while they yet have time; effectiveness, of air raid drills. Air raid precautions. Removing children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1938, Oct, 1, No. 1222, p. 568 One important aspect of civil defense is evacua- tion; school children among the first to be re- moved, ARP safeguards. Removal of children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London)- 1938, Oct. No. 1224 A report of the nrecautionary measures taken in the recent crisis; removal of 20,000 teachers and 500,000 children on the receipt of a coded message; billeting arrangements entrusted to the authori- ties in those areas to which the Children wore being sent. Assistant masters in conference T IISES' " EDU CAT IONA!; SUPPLEMENT ITondon) 1939, Jan. 21, No. 2137 The rate of progress made in the provision of air raid protection for school pupils. The testing of schemes for the evacuation of children from the danger areas; each school treated as a unit. Child refugees for Britain TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1938, Nov. 26, No. 1229, p. 432 Lord Winterton on relief plans; United Kingdom to give special facilities for the admission of Jewish and non-Ayran children under 17 years of age for education; temporary homes suggested. Children who stayed behind TiMES"EDUCATIONAL’SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Oct, 21, No. 1277, p. 413 The problem of 'no school' for thousands; serious difficulties for local authorities produced by the failure of evacuation plans in a number of dis- tricts. Evacuated children TOrntTSSATTTTT' T London) 1939, Dec, Vol, LIII, p, 60 A letter to the Editor of Public Health concern- ing the discrepancies between published reports of school medical Inspections and the incidence of lack of personal hygiene among the children. Evacuating secondary school children 1939, May 13, Ho. 1254, p. 179 The problem of evacuating secondary school chil- dren from areas of danger. Many secondary schools in the receiving areas are in out-of-date and in- adequately equipped buildings. Evacuating the schools. Plans complete for London TTMSS"" 1DÜCAT10 N7d7~~3TJPPLEMENT (London) 1939, April 15, No. 1250, p. 140 Plans almost complete for the evacuation of school children from the Metropolis, Evacuation THE BUILDER (London) 1940, Sept. 20, Vol. LÖIX, No. 5094, p. 293 The protection of young children from the horrible effects of bombing raids and the impact of in- vasion as an essential part of defense measures. Evacuation and education Times' EdTTCATTÖNAT SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, June 17, No. 1250, p. 241 It is believed that no detailed planning in advance will be possible. Advisable to continue a skeleton machinery consisting of teachers and other representative groups. Evacuation and the Welsh child WORLD' EDUCATION-"(Was hi ng'ton, D .0.) 1940, Nov. Vol. 5, pp, 538-540 A summary on the findings of the University of Welles Guild of Graduates, Effects of the sudden ihflux of English children upon Welsh children; separate schools preferred: the shift system. Evacuation camps for mothers and children THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 27, Vol. 157, No. 5047, p. 615-616 63 The report of the Evacuation Committee of the A.S.S.T.A. maintains that evacuation cannot be a success without new buildings and recreation centers for mothers with small children. Evacuation in practice 1940, Jan. 12, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5053, p. 78 This is an A.A.S.T.A. report. The need for special buildings for evacuation including camp • schools, new buildings for education and feeding, nursery schools, and day nurseries. Evacuation of London children 1940, Sept, 20, No. 3728, p. 16 Certain points or localities designated for Jew1sh registration. Evacuation of school children begun TIMES IdTIeMIOIIATL "SlJPFLEHEj7T (London) 1939, Sept. 2, No. 1270, p, 352 A precautionary measure, Evacuation of school children and other priority classes from all towns Included in the Government evacuation scheme. Evacuation of school children from Britain’s crowd- ed cities and Indus trial* "areas ' ~~ B^HOOirXND''SOGIETY TNevT"York}*'' 1939, Sept. 23, Vol. 50, No, 2191, pp. 593-400 Summary of accounts in the Times, London, giving superficial description of removal and reception of children and others in ’priority classes’. Evacuation prob 1 oms - Government ’ s scheine explained TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, May 6, No. 2153, p. 170 The Ministry of Health explains the Government’s plan of evacuation and outlines a plan for evacuating and receiving areas. Evacuation to be compulsory? Present position of the scheme THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIC- LE A TOR (London) 1940, Dec, 20, Vol. 49, p. 1627 The London county council to begin enforcing the compulsory school attendance laws. The rate of evacuation in London and other large cities re- cently bombed. 64 Experience of evacuation in a country reception area TZSnSSiT) • 1940, March, Vol. LIII, Mo. S, pp. 125-129 The manner of reception at detraining points; personnel; unaccompanied children; mothers and children; expectant mothers - hospital accommo- dations . Glasgow children evacuated JEWISH CHRONICLE TLondon) 1940, Sept. 13, No. 3727, p. 12 Sixty Glasgow Jewish children were evacuated to Anesoy House, the new hotel at Castle Douglas, Kirkcudbrightshire. Health and hygiene nroblems of evacuation JOURNAL OH TrE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUfiTTLondon) 1941, Jan. Vol. LHI, No. 3, pp. 94-98 Problems presented by the evacuated family suddenly transported into the depth of the country. Health arrangements under evacuation scheme PUBLIC* iLin.Tn 1 London] 1939, Nov. Vol* LIII, No. 2, p. 37 Review of school medical service maternity and child welfare, isolation hospitals and special accommodations. Helping in the country TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept, 9, No. 1271, p. 361 School staff to prepare lesson scheme in advance; to carry essential books, maps and sketches. How children will be evacuated. Points from the plan, TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, May 6, No. 1253, p. 153 A memorandum explaining the Governmentf s evacua- tion schemes for school children and others, with an outline of a general scheme for both re- ceiving and evacuating authorities. Looking on the bright.side TIMES EDUCATION'LL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Oct. 23, No. 1278, p. 420 This article describes the many benefits chil- dren derive from evacuation. 65 Manchester ’ s Evacuation problems JEWISH CHRONICLE {London)'^ 1941, Jan, 10, p. 12 Consideration of the. problems of feeding and educating children evacuated from danger zones. New Evacuation movement TIKES EDUC mobil: Aup'TEMENT (London) 1959, Oct. 7, No. 1257, p. 306 The article describes the evacuation of. more school children from the evacuating areas in England by authorisation of the Ministry of Health, Also discusses education in evacuation areas and nurseries for infants. The now evacuotlon schemo THE BUILDER (london) 1940, April 12, Hol. CLVIII, No. 5071 Special provisions for dispersed children. Sleeping quarters; feeding; education; social and 1 i ea.lt& s jr v 1 c o s . Private schools :7.n emergency TINES EDUCTION I (London) 1939, July 22, No. 1264, p. 303 Concerning the means of transportation for the evacuation of schools and the needs of private schools, Protection of school buildings TIMES EDUC ATT’ 0 N All TtJ ? hTeke •. fr (London'! 1939, April 8, No. 1249, p, 134 Questions and answers by members of Parliament on? protection of school buildings; education of ovacuatod children; receotion areas, Provisions for the Safety of British school children in cp.s-e of air raids. SCHOOL AND SOCIETY fNew York) 1933, Jan. 29, Vol. 47, No. 1205, pp. 130-160 The importance of evacuating school children from districts of areas where air raids are likely to bo expected. Circulars published by the Station- ery Office of the Board of Education of Britain arc reviewed. Schools i n w a r t imo TIMES EDUC AT iTlTx'kSlJi ELEMENT (London) 1939, April 27, No. 1252, p. 159 Board of Education’s circular on air raid pro- 66 cautions, allotting to the local educational authorities the whole task and half the cost of protecting children who are not evacuated in wartime. Secondary schools in wartime TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, May 27, No. 2156, p, 205 Consideration of plans for secondary schools in vulnerable districts outside London. Reception areas to be known in-advance . TeacherTs task in evacuation - advice of the board TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, May 27, No. 2165, p. 206 Teachers must read the latest advice of the Board of Education about the handling of evacuation problems together with the circular from the Ministry of Health. EVACUATION - EDUCATION - GREAT BRITAIN Christmas away from home TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Dec. 23, No. 1286, p. 489 A discussion of the eagerness and hopes of evacuated children awaiting Christmas and the anx- iety and the doubts of many authorities, the Board of Education and parents. Dealing with the misfits^ 1939, Nov. 4, No. 1279, p. 427 An article relating the experiences of a psychol- ogist, who rendered service as an educational psychologist to provincial education committee, as a preliminary measure to the establishment of child guidance units, Education in a time of crisis SCHOOL REVIEW (Chicago, 111.) ■ 1941, Heb, Vol. 46, pp. 81-83 Some educational problems of England during the war and methods of continuing education; evacua- tion of many children to rural areas; the inter- ruption by air raid warnings. Suggestions for carrying on school activities in shelters. 67 Effect of evacuation on rural education goveiotent adminis- trator (London) 1941, Fob. 7, Vol. 49, No. 2506, p. 177 The elementary education committee of Warwickshire reports on the problems due to the presence of more than 11,300 elementary school children not normally resident in the area. Evacuees cause water supply problem. ..... 1941, Jan. 17, Vol. 49, No. 2503, p. 80 Problems faced by the. City of Bath when an influx of evacuees caused a shortage of water. Shows how the increase in service without an increase in facilities may become serious. M T.p ■Pf* _"hpTi 1 'nfi TIMES EDXTCWIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Nov. 4, No. 1279, p. 429 Methods of instruction and group teaching. Long term view of evacuation TOffis“l!DIJGATIOltn: SUPPLEMENT"'(London) 1939, Nov. 11, No. 1280, p. 435 A discussion of the outlook for local authorities; re-distribution of population on an organized basis without regard to economic or social consid- erations , The lot of evacuated teachers (London) 1939, Doc. 2, No. 1283, p. 460 This article deals with billeting ,and. allowances. Tho success of the government evacuation scheme depends upon tho cooperation of the householders in the reception areas, the teachers .-..and the. voluntary workers. Rebilleting of schools TIMES EDUCATIONAL ‘SWPLEMENT' (London) 1939, Nov. 11, No. 1280, p, 456 In a circular the Board of Education dro.ws atten- tion of local education authorities to tho question of the robilleting of school children. I? Running wlldfr TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT"(London) 1939, Oct. 21, No. 1277, p. 413 Evidence produced from all parts of the country that children in so called evacuation areas are running wild without schooling and care. Running wild to stop” SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Nov. 4, No. 1279, p. 428 Re-opening of schools in evacuation areas for children as quickly as possible; its advantages and disadvantages. A school in eight villages TlMW ~EDITGAITÜNAL SUPPLEMENT' (London) 1939, Dec, 23, No. 1286, p, 493 A diary of an evacuated Head-: Mas ter v/hoso children are billeted in an area measuring nine miles by seventeen and who are in eight different villages. Secondary school grievances TIMES EDUC (London) 1939,- Nov. 11, No. 1230, p. 435 Dislocation and bad billets and the difficulties experienced as the result of the commande:ehihg of schools. The secondarv schools TOTEST YdWATIO¥AL”SW?LEI€ENT ■ (London) 1939, Oct. 21, No. 1277, p. 410 The problems of evacuation and school children in evacuated areas,. The Year’s work in education TIMES EDUCäTTSIaL StfPPtEMStfT' (London) 1939, Deo. 30, No. 128V, p. 501 Concerning the yeai% work in education before and after the war. See also - EVACUATION - SCHOOLS EVACUATION - HEALTH MEASURES Evacuated children PUBLIC ÜAllf (London)* 1939, Dec. Vol. LIII, p. 60 A letter to the Editor of Public Health concerning the discrepancies between published reports of school medical inspections; and the incidence of lack of personal hygiene among the children. 69 Evacuation - epidemiological aspects PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1910, June, Vol, LIII, No. 9, p. 193 The epidemiological aspects of the 1939 convention reviewed by Dr. Alison Stover. Health of evacuees TIKES 3f)UC AT IONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Cot. 28, No. 1278, p, 422 The evacuating authorities to give .medical inspec- tion and treatment to all children in the supple- mentary scheme of evacuation. Arrangements made for the proper supply of food. The movement of population during the war TM ITOTICIP/X JOUBNAt (London] 1940, Sept. 2?, Vol. 49, No. 2487, p. 1235 A sanitary inspector analyzes the problems involved in moving whole populations into Reception areas; the lack.of sanitary education in certain places. Nurseries for evacuated children. JEWISH CHRONICLE (XondonT " ... 1940, Dec. 20, p. 5 Provision of nurseries for children under school age in evacuation areas. Problems of evacuation and nursing service PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1940, June, Vol. LIU, No. B, p. ■ 1?B ' . ’ Special attention given, to the work of women health officers which have been accentuated by the war. The public health aspects of evacuation PUBLIÖ HEALTH (London) 1939, Vol. LIU, No. 1, p. 23 ' The laboratory should have associated with it an emergency group of•epidemiologists. ' Important that all measures be taken to safeguard the health " . of children. Some public health aspects of the evacuation scheme PUBLIC HEALTH (London} Webster, R.C. 1939, Nov. Vol. LIU, No. 2 Immediate and remote effects of evacuation. Town and county standards of nutrition. The outbreak and care of cantagious diseases. A study of evacuation PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1940, Sept. Vol. 53, No. 12, p. 251-252 Evacuation survey - series of studies and comnero- taries edited by Mr. Padley and Mary Cole (1940) EVACUATION - HOSPITALS Evacuation of hospital staffs and equipment TEE MUNICIPAL'JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Oct. 4, Vol. 49, No. 2438, p. 1284 Suggestions by Minister of Health oh the- prepara- tions which hospitals should make for evacuation. Hospital accommodation for evacuated children NATION ‘ * 1939, December, Vol. 113, pp. 788-770. EVACUATION - MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE Children and ARP TIMES'EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, April 3, No. 1249, n. 132 Problems "of evacuation; maternity and child wel- fare. Dr, J.Ä. Struthers deals, with....the .problems of mothers; Dr. ’D.D.H, C-effin deals with- evacuation. Health arrangements under the evacuation scheme PUBLIC HEALTH TLondonT ~~ 1939, Nov. Vol, LIII , No, 2, p, 37 School medical service; maternity and child wel- fare; isolation hospital and special accommodation. Maternity and child welfare experience and problems arising from evacuation7 ’ PUBLIC HEALTH!London)' ' 1940, May, Vol, LII, No. 8, P. 172 Scheme for evacuation of mothers and children drawn up in accordance instructions from, the Ministry of Health in 1939. Evacuation of a day nursery; reception of evacuated day nurseries. omm.od -1 ion EVACUATION - MEDICAL CAHI Medical treatment of evacuees THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL ~(London) 1940, Sept. 13, Vol. 49, No. 2435, p. 1193 Cost recovery for treatment of evacuees; the employment and duties of temporary medical officers. 71 The new evacuation scheme PUBLIC HEALTH (London? 1940, March Tol. 53, No, 6» Problems pertaining to the physical and medical care of school children carefully considered in the new evacuation scheme. See also - EVACUATION - HEALTH MEASURE; EVACUATION - MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE. EVACUATION - ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN Evacuation as related to Civil defense wrwmmim' tthkHT) * — 1940, Feb. 24, p, 330 Problems of evacuation, Nomen, evacuation and actual air attack. Many localities unwilling to accept children. Local authorities should have power of compulsion in housing children. Cooper- ation urged between schools and billeting authori- ties. Successful evacuation depends on preparation of camps and hostels in advance. EVACUATION-RECEPTION AREAS A.A.S.T.A. Evacuation report W’BITTim riondon) ~ 1939, Oct. 20, Vol. 157, No. 5046, p. 592 A committee report on the accommodation of evacu- ees in the reception areas; accommodations necess- ary to fulfil the requirements as listed. Building to meet evacuees’ needs TEE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Oct. 27, Vol. 40, No. 2439, p. 2255 Report of the Association of Architects, Surveyors, and Technical Assistants on the Government’s Evacuation scheme. Proposals for better use of ex- isting buildings; need for new buildings. Emergency buildings for evacuation THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL TLondön) 1940, July 12, Vol. 49, N0# 2476, p. 921 Temporary accommodations for those whose homes have been damaged by bombs. 72 Evacuation and sanitary services MUNICIPAL JOUHNA.L AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, April 14, Pol. 40, No. 24II, p. 8l6 Upon being questioned in the House of Commons as to the•adequacy, of water supply and sewerage services in areas for evacuees, the Minister of Health replies that in the evacuation arrangements, steps will be taken to avoid areas where insuper- able difficulties are likely to arise on account of water supply or drainage facilities. Evacuation camps THE WILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 13, Vol. 157, No. 5045, p. 522 Each camp to accommodate about 350 persons. The illustrated national evacuation camp is the first to be completed in England, Evacuation problems - Government’s scheme explained Times EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, May 6, No. 12$3, p. 170 The Government’s scheme of evacuating and receiv- ing areas for school children. The Evacuees PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1939, Nov. Vol. LIII, No. 2, p, 23-24 Hygienic measures adopted in evacuated areas. Experience of evacuation in a county reception area PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1940, March Vol. LIII, No. 6, pp. 125-129 Reception at detraining points; personnel; un- accompanied children; mothers and young children;f expectant mothers and hospital accommodations. Health and hygiene problems of evacuation WRmET)E WS CLo n do n) 1941, lan, Vol. LX1, No, 3, pp. 94-98 Problems of the evacuated family. Housing the homeless at Manchester and Salford THE MUNICIPAL ,T0U3NAI,"TLondon) ' ' 1941, Eeb. 14, Vol. 49, No. 2507, p. 204 Outlines a housing scheme in Manchester and Salford whereby large houses will be taken over and operated by the Government for persons made homeless by air raids; explains financial adjust- ments with property owners. 73 Ilkeston an unsuitable area for evacuation THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL ' (TZndónT“ 1959, March 10, ho, 2406, p. 537 After considering the Government’ s evacuation scheme the Ilkeston ARP sub-committee recommended that the council should express “to the Ministry their views. The borough is a most unsuitable area in which to place refugees , In the reception areas local government adminis- tration (London) ■ 1941, Jan. 17, Vol. 49, Ho. 2503, p. 63 How London’s evacuated children are faring. A tribute to teachers and the billeting officers. Latest news oJT the ARP service MÖHlGIPAL JOURhAL ’AND PTjBEIÜ WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, March 10, Vol. 48, ho. 2403, p. 537 Two ARP mothers occupied the'attention of the Wesbech Town Council, First, decision to ask the Ministry of Health for permission to prepare Own ARP scheme. Second, decision to inform Ministry of certain factors which they considered made Wesbech unsuitable for the purpose of evacua- tion. Reception areas in evacuation plans EDHTtTiHE TöuOTATT’AWTTOHiniST (London) 1959, April, Vol. 48, ho. 2413, p. 925 Substance of a letter written by the Minister of Health setting forth the limitations on the evacuation movement imposed by the small size of the reception areas. Rural areas and the evacuation elans TEoncConJ ■ 1939, Juno 23, Vol. 48, No. 2421, p. 1451 ' Summary of speech of Mr, Walter Elliott, Minister of Health; aspects of rural health;' the govern- ment’s evacuation program. School children in receiving aroas iTEHr EHhCAdTTdh;iIP 3UpFHS®hT'' ) 1939, July 22, No, 2164, p. 305 Problems for .local authorities. Evacuation be- comes clearer to the public as a result of ques- tions and debates in Parliament. 74 Service to reception areas mrmsimiradoni 1940, March, Vol. 70, p. 16 Rules by Minister of Transport for the operation of transportation services to areas of evacuation. The survey of accommodation THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Ian. 13, Vol. 48, No. 2398, p. 83 The local authorities, in selected, areas to carry out detailed house-to-house surveys, and ascer- tain accommodations available. Voluntary billeting THE MUIIGIPlL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Ian. 13, Vol. 48, No. 2398, p. S3 Recommendation of the Anderson committee; de- tailed plans for the transfer of children of school age. • . EVACUATION - .SCHOOLS Helping in the country TIKES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 9, No. 1271, p. 361 Suggestions that members of the school staff plan their lesson scheme before hand and carry between them the essential books, maps and sketches. Nurseries for evacuated children JEWISH CHRONICLE (London! ~ 1940, Dec. 20, p. $ Providing nurseries for children under school age in evacuation areas. School life in England TIMES (New YorkT“^ 1941, April 28, Vol. 37, .No. 17, p. 58 Report of the effects air raids have on English schools and. educational tradition. EVACUATION - IMS.A. Air warfare and the Cities (bock review) UNITED STATES AIR,SERVICES (Washington, D.C.) 194-1, Jan. Vol. 26, No. 1, 34, PP* The protection of civilians, cities and vital 75 manufacturing establishments from aerial attacks and evacuation to the country. EVACUATION - U.S.S.R Evacuation of the victims of air VESTNIK PR0TIV0VZDUSHN0I 0B0R0KT (Moscow) Stolovich, L, 1934, Yol, 11, pp. 45-43 Illustrations, EXHIBITIONS A.A.S.T.A. air raid shelter exhibition THE BUILDER (London) 1940, Nov. 8, Yol. CLIX, No. 5101, pp. 462 The ARP Committee of the Association of Architects, Surveyors and Technical Assistants has prepared an exhibition consisting of fourteen screens dealing pictorially with the planning of shelters; the lessons of Spain; types of bomb-proof shelters - surface, underground, multi-storey and tunnels and government policy. The England that really matters LONDON CALLING- (“London) Baker, Philip Noel 1940,' Aug. 25-31, No. 47, p. 5 Pictures, The united effort committee organizes an exhibi- tion showing every kind of national service and explaining in photographs and diagrams, how every individual citizen could help resist the invasion. EXPLOSIVES, HANDLING AND STORAGE Design and construction of explosive factories The STHüüTUHAL ENGINEER TTondon) Boucher, C.L. and Basley, D. 1940, Jan. Yol. XVIII, No. 1, p. 473-402 The designing, construction and erection of several factories at home and abroad, with modi- fied design of others contemplated to meet the danger of aircraft attack. Descriptive text,divi- ded into: a commercial exx'losive factory; military explosive factory; propellants factory designed to prevent undue disruption when subjected to aerial attack. 76 Experimental work on ARP ENGINEERING (London! 1939, June, Vol. 147, 3, p. 786 Observations on air-pressure sound waves, and splintering of bombs. Handling explosive and incendiary bombs NATIONAL ms PVCT3CTIQN ASSOCIATION (Boston, Mass) 19U, Jan. Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 203-213 Preventing detonation; deflecting the bomb blast; destroying and opening explosive bombs; steps to be token to extinguish fires due to incendiary bombs, The need for adeouate protection THE CRUSHED STONE JOURNAL 1941, Jan-Feb. Vol. .16, No. 1, p. 23-24 The need for exercising greater precautions in the storage of explosives. See also - FIRES - INCENDIARY BOMBS. FACTORIES, PROTECTION OF Bird’s eye planning immTTBUłURETTSSEöfe) (New York) Uittman, Conrad F. 1940, Sept. Vol. 88, No. 3, p. 74 New factors in industrial building design: an analysis of factors involved in making factories air worthy. Civil defense and the protection of factories TEE INDIAN AMD EASTERN ENGINEER (Calcutta, India) 1940, Feb. Vol. 86, No. 2, p. 75 The first of a series of articles compiled for advertising various governmental measures to protect factories during air raids: structural defense; gas bombs or gas sprays; protection from highly explosive and incendiary bombs; prötection of workers against gas. The factory and ARP TITe uuILdNH (London) 1940, Kerch 22, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5068, p. 368 The importance of employing all technical and scientific experts to assist in making ARP preparations. Valuable information given on 77 shelters, protection of vital plants, observa- tion posts, communications, first aid, fire- fighting, rescue work, decontamination, lighting problems, etc. Factory ARP THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) Wallis, T.E. 1938, Dec. 2, Vol, CX5CIII, No. 3184, pp. 735-816 Steps taken by the Midland Electric Manufactur- ing Co. of Birmingham for the protection and evacuation of its workers. Safeguarding of buildings and plants. Let’s protect our plants AIR TRAILS New YorkJ 1941, March, Vol. XV, No. 6, p. 24 Steps taken by the government and industry to protect manufacturing plants, RAID precautions in works ELECTRICAL EEVIWTLondon) 1940, Deo. 13, Vol. CXXVIII, No. 3290, p. 133 Diagrams, illustrations, lighting and communica- tions control. Zur frage der vorv/arnung der einsatzkrafte in werk- luftschubz~Tr'he' question of advance 'wcrning to em- ployees in factories without aerial protection) SIEMENS ZEITSCHRIFT (Producers’ Periodical) F.W. vonGust 1939, April, Vol. 19, pp. 166-172 See also - FACTORY WORKERS FACTORY WORKERS ARP W2 METAL INDUSTRY 1940, Sept. 6, Vol. 57, No. 10, p. 182 Air raid warning, factory workers and production time losses, ARP for factory workers TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 1939, Vol. 45, No. 903, p. 10 Models of industrial shelters for factory workers. 78 ARP in industry THE BUILDER T(London) •- -V ,~v 1939, Jan. 13, Vol. 156, No. 5d06,'~p7~115 Protecting employees in industrial establishments. External shelters or trenches readily accessible vs. evacuation. A camp ho St el'for' hoy in factories irtimriiaHr ~ v ~ 1939, Nov. 24, Vol. 157, No. 5051, p. 729 Some problems', solutions and adaptability of camps. Illustrations, diagrams. No factory Immune from bombs TEE GALLON MAC’ÄZINE (TTroy toh; England) 1940, Nov. Vol. 42, No. II, p. 144 Working through the !,alertlf period and using spotters to warn of Imminent danger. Protecting machinery. Steel helmets for industry LNoliffiEHlNo^tLondon)' r" 1939, July 14, Vol, 148, pt, 1, p. 50 Regulations for supplying helmets to workers in connection with ARP. See-also SHELTERS, PLANS AND DESIGNS FACTORY WORKERS - MORALE Air raid and rubber in process INDIA - RUBBER JOURNAL' ('London) ' 1940, Sept, 28, Vol, G, No. 13, p. 9 Review of the amount of lost motion produced in" rubber factories because of frequent evacuations due to raids. How raw material may be damaged when the warning signal is given. Music while vou work lEGI&NICAL ENGINEERING (London) * 1940, November, Vol. 62, No, 11, p. 823-824 Music programs in factories to keep up the morale of workers, (especially female) and increase production. 79 FINANCIAL POLICIES - GREAT BRITAIN ARP and income tax INDIA - RUBBER JOURNAL (London) 1940, Octf 26, Vol. 0. No, 17, p. 1 How far the cost of emergency protection can be included in trading expenses for income tax pur- poses . British finances - after a year of war LONDON CALLING "(London) Keynes, I. Maynard 1940, Oct. 20-26, No. 55, p. 9 On the conditions of British finances; suggestions for government measures and public economic poli- cies , Defense production THE ECONOMIST '(London) 1939, June 17, Vol. 135, p. 647 Complications created by the needs of defense from the point of view of production and finance. National defense issues - Abstract Brookings Insti- tute MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (London) Moulton, Harold G. 1941, March, Vol. 63, No. 3, 216-217 Questions and answers involving basic issues of national economic policy. Payment of ARP personnel THeTONIÜIpKTT JÜÜKNir'lTondon) 1939, Nov. 3, Vol. 48, No. 2440, p. 2300 Problems connected with reimbursement of local authorities by the government for money spent as wages to ARP workers. War finance THE SECOND GREAT WAR (London) 1940, Oct. 15, No. 21, p. 830 A review of Sir John Simon’s second war budget. Growing dissatisfaction with the government’s financial policy especially as it relates to budget expenditures. Costs of war services such as evacuation and ARP shipping. 80 Warłs effect on British banking BURROUGHS CLEARING HOUSE (Detroit, Mich) ' Piachy, Frank 1941, Feb. Vol. 25, No. 5, pp. 20-22, 37-38 How British banks handle loans to war industries. Adjustments and precautions made necessary by violent wer actions. War’s effect on the rates THE HUXTclPAL JCUERaL (London) 1941, March 7, Vol. 49, No. 2510, p. 279 Budgets and finance in the bombed areas of England: how taxes increase due to war conditions; outlining the use of the extra taxes for civil defense measures and repairing damage by air raids. FINANCIAL POLICY - U.S. Rank directors and defense mmiwr=^mm^oTim‘mmERicM bankers association (New York) 1940, Dec. Vol. XXXIII, No. 6, p. 18 Banking’s role in national defense BURROUGiiTS” CLEARING HOUSE "(Detroit Michigan) Ralph, Henry D, 1941, Jan. Vol. 25, No. 4, PP- 15-16, 34-36 Banks organized as links between local industries and national authorities, and to lead in defense financing. Illustrations. Billions for defense - the practical aspect of govern- ment borrowing BANKING - JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BANKERS ASSOCIATION (New York) Atwood, Albert ¥, 1940, July, Vol. XXXIII, No. 1, p. 25. Defense lending BURROUGHS CLEARING HOUSE (Detroit Michigan) Saevin, 3.F, 1941, March, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 11-13, 30-31 A bank discusses its plans of procedure for loans made on defense contracts and sub-contracts. Defense shelters for civilians • ■ NEWARK ENGINEERING NOTES (Newark,' N.J.) Cummings, Harold N. 1940, Nov. Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 5, 21 Items that should be investigated, before pro- 81 ceeding with the structural features of the de- sign. Who should pay for thes-e and what is needed in air raid shatters. Financing defense BURROUGHS CLEARING HOUSE (Detroit, Michigan) Ralnh, Henry D. 194*1, July, Vol. 24, No. 10, pp. 9-11, 28 The detailing of plans for financing the national defense program. The outlook BUSINESS WEEK (Albany, New York) 1941, Ian. No. 593, p. 13 Budget forecasts defense pace. Shows you can count on a steadily accelerating rate of arms. Indicates government will be cautious about boosting taxes faster than profits. Speed defense orders BUSINESS WEEK (Albany, New York) 1940, Oct. 26, No. 532, p. l6 Contracts totaling |6,500,000,000 have been placed in three months by Defense commission. Subcontracting - problem No. 1 BUSINESS WEEK (Albany, New York) 1941, Ian. 25, No. 595, p. 15 Organization of defense is further expanded as Federal Reserve Banks rush liaison set-up de- signed to enlist every available shop. Local pools organized in more than one hundred communi- ties . Taxes and defense 'Ms COlTlACTOR (Washington, D.C.) 1940, July, Vol. XXII, No. 7, p. 69 New tax laws enacted to provide funds for the national defense program. FIRE - ALARMS Alarms systems and fire menace THE ELECTRICIAKTLondon) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. 125, No. 12, p. 163 Aids to fire watchers in combating incendiary bombs. Diagrams showing the layout of the alarm system in a small factory. See also - FIRE SPOTTERS, WARNING SIGNALS 82 FIRE, EXTINGUISHING METHODS Controlling an ignited gas main Gis JöürNaE TToHSöH 1939, May 24, Vol. 26, p. 524. Description of operations designed to extinguish gas mains ignited during air raids. Handling explosive and incendiary bombs NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (Boston, Mass) 1941, Ian. Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 208-213 Preventing detonation; deflecting the bomb blast; destroying and opening explosive bombs; steps to be taken to extinguish fires from bombs. An incendiary bomb fighting compound INDIA - RUBBER JOURNAL (London) 1940, Aug. 7, Vol. C. No. 7, p. 2 A safe incendiary bomb fighting compound claimed to extinguish incendiary bombs more quickly. Incendiary bombs - what the British fire fighters have learned about them VOLUNTEER FIREMEN (Boston, Mass) 1940, November, Vol. 7, No. 11, pp, 6-9 Description of an incendiary bomb, its effects. Handling electron bombs, how to extinguish them. Powder as fire extinguisher TEE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL COVEHEMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Sept. 6, Vol. 49, No. 2484, p, 1170 The national fire protection co., ltd,of Richmond Surrey, have perfected national DXppwder, which is guaranteed to put out fires in the incipient stages in metals. This is conöldered as kn important defense against incendiary bombs. Underground fire fighting equipment (illustrated) IRON AND COAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1940, Dec. 20, Vol. CXLI, No. 3799, p. 643. A description of the extinguishers in use at German Collieries. Foam and other types of extinguishers; fire fighting policy in Germany, stringent specifi- cations and a comparative efficiency of types. FIRE FIGHTING, EQUIPMENT Sprinkler construction for aerial protection VEREIN DEUTSCHEN ZEITUNÖTTGerman Society Newspaper) 1934, Feb. 17, Vol. 78, No. 7, p. 216 83 FIRE FIGHTING, PERSONNEL Fire bomb fighters ECONOMIST (London) 1941, Feb. 5, CXL, No, 5086, p. 210 Three defense regulations: one to conscript persons aged l6 to 60 for civil defense duties; another re- quiring occupants of business premises to make adequate arrangements against fire; workers to take turns of duty. Two orders; (1) the fire prevention (business premises) (2) civil defense duties (compulsory enrollment). The Maryland fire defense plans NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION QUARTERLY Just, J.W. and McNutty J.F. 1941, Jan. Vol, 34, pp. 193-20? The state of Maryland to provide adequate fire defense to meet all emergencies- Defense for in- dustry; firemen’s training program. FIRE, GAS-MAINS Controlling an ignited gas main GAS JOURNAL TLondon) 1939, Kay 24, Vol. 226, p. 525 Description of operations designed to extinguish gas mains ignited in air raids. London gas servicemen repair mains blasted by bombs r:a-:A.BTF7 builbttn (NeTTorYj 1941, April, Vol. 6, p. 11. Illustrations Work of a heavy repair gang of the Gas District Report Center (London) described chiefly through pictures. FIRE - INCENDIARY BOMBS Air raid precautions - protection of buildings THE BUILDER (London) 1937, No. 12, Vol. CLIII, p. B69 High explosive and incendiary bombs. The need of bombproof shelters in multi-storey buildings, pre- ferably the basement. Instructions for suitable material. 84 Alarm systems and fire menace THE ELECTRICIAN (The Electrician Ltd. London) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. 125, No. 12, p. 163 A review of the aids to fire watchers in combat- ing the Nazi’s raiders incendiary bombs. Dia- grams showing the layout of an alarm system in a small factory. Dealing with incendiary bombs BUSINESS (London) 194-0, Vol. LXX, Ko. 4, p. 17 Controlling Incendiary bombs on a concrete or fire- proof roof with a special-make snuffer. Asbestos aprons and face protectors designed for dealing with intense heat. Detecting incendiary bombs THU ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1941, Feb. 28, Vol. CZXVIII, No, 3301, p. 412 A report and standard specifications by I.E.E. offered. How the impact of an incendiary bomb can be detected. Detectors indicating light or fire made to operate fire-extinguishing devices as well as signals. Detecting incendiary bombs on roofs INDIA-RUBBER JOURNAL '(London]" 1940, Oct. 5, Vol. C, No. 14 New device for the detection of incendiary and other bombs on the upper storeys evacuated by the staff during a raid. Devices for the detection of incendiary bombs TT1S '“ 1941, April. Vol. CLXXI, No. 4447, p. 233 Different principles on which the detection sys- tem operates. Details of a fire detector of the heat-sensitive type, experiments carried out by the Ministry of Home Security in prelecting this type of fire detector. The effects of incendiary bombs THE BUILDERTLondon) 1939, Nov. 17, Vol, .157, No. 5050, p. 712 A.A.S.T.A. lecture on air raid precautions reveals inadequate protection against effects of incendiary bombs. Special attention to ARP Handbook No. 9, issued by the Home Office. 85 Fire defence: NATIONAL ITHS PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (Boston, Mass) Bond, Horatio 1941, 221 pp'. Illustrations A compilation of available material on air-set fires; Lorn,bs and sabotage, civilian defense, fire fighting, and the safeguarding of industrial pro- duction for defense. High-speed fire alarm for detecting incendiary bombs T~IIE 'SNOlNEE'R Xf ondbrij "; 19£1, April 4, Vol. GLUTI, No. 4447, p. 225 Automatic warning system in preventing, serious fires caused by incendiary bombs. New British Standard. Specification Bs/aRP 53 for detection of incendiary bomb fires by heat-sensitive de- vices. Three forms of automatic fire detectors; description of the new system. Incendiary bombs IRON ANDCOAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1941, Feb. 28, Vol. CULIII, No. 3309, p, 267 ;’Methods for detecting the arrival and location of incendiary bombs. The effect of impact, noise and light produced. An incendiary bomb fighting compound IND IA - RUBBER JOIjRNAL (LondonJ'~ A 1940, Aug. 7, Vol. G. No. 7, p. 2 A safe incendiary, bomb fighting compound claimed to extinguish fire bombs more quickly than other methods. Incendiary bombs - what the British fire fighters have learned about them VOLUNTEER FIREMAN (Boston, Mass) 1940, November, Vol. 7, No. 11, pp, 6-9 Description of incendiary bomb, its effect. Hand- ling electron bomb, methods for extinguishing them. Protection against incendiary bombs: notable new discovery*" ~ THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL ANBiLOGAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Oct. 4, Vol. 49, .No,. 2438, p. 1258 A new method of extinguishing incendiary bombs developed by the Nuswift Engineering Co., Ltd. of Elland (Yorkshire). The new principle employs a mixture of inorganic salts. Details of the process. 86 FIRS-PRSNVSNTIVE MEASURES ARP-fires and air attack THE SLECTRI ;lL R3VIEW’'(London) 1941, Jan. 10, Vol. CXXVII, No. 5294, p. 219 Means of reducing fires. Electrical faults in material or design. Insulation problems, sec- tional 1 sing plants. ■ Fire lessons from air raids THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL '(“London) 1941, Jan. 17, Vol. 49, No. 2503, p. 31 Keeping fires to a minimum. Reducing the risks of serious developments. Maintenance of fire matchers and organization of supplemental fire parties on a large scale. Fire safety of timber construction TI3E QUARTERMASTER REVIEW"'(Washington, D.C.) 1940, Nov.-Dec. Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 4S-57 Fire hazard exaggerated. Fire tests. Salvage value. Local authorities and nre-matching THE MUNICIPAL'JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMIN- ISTRATOR' (London) 1941, Jan. 31, Vol. 49, No. 2505, p.131 Describes terms of the fire prevention (business premises) order, made by the Minister of Home Security which places arrangements for fire watching and fire fighting under supervision of local authorities'. The Maryland fire defense ml an NATIONAL FIRS“PROTECTION ASSOCIATION QUARTERLY Just, J.W, and Me Liu tty, J.P, The state of Maryland to provide adequate fire defense to meet war emergencies. Defense for Industry; firemen’s training program. Personnel requirements for air raid general and fire precautions, services /and the police Nerv ice-Memo - randum. No. 7 (1st edition) CHEAT BRITAIN HOME OFFICE (ARP Department ) 1939, pp. 1-11 Personnel requirements of a local authority in 87 connection with its air raid general and f- re precautions scheme. Part 1-general air raid precautions services; part 2-fire precautions services; part o- suppl. police requirements. FIRE-PROOFING See FIRE-INCENDIARY BOMBS FIRE-SIRENS See WARNING*- SIGNALS FIRE-SPOTTERS See SPOTTERS FIRST AID ARP Structure THE BUILDER (London) 1940, March 15, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5067, p, 337 The first aid post and cleansing station at Erith, Kent, designed to afford protection against all air. raid damage not caused by a direct hit of high explosive bomb. Description, construction, planning and equipment. ARP Structure THE BUILDER (London) 1940, April 5, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5070, p. 419 A design for first aid and gas cleaning station. Diagrams, sketches and illustrations. ARP and the Factory THE BUILDER (London) 1940, March 22, Vol. CLVIII No, 5068, p. 368 The importance of employing all technical and scientific experts to assist in making ARP prep- aration. Valuable information on shelters, pro- tection of vital plants, observation'posts, com- munications, first aid,fire fighting, rescue work, decontamination, lighting problems. ARP Instruction for teachers TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, July 22, No. 1264, p. 306 The higher education sub-committee considered the provision of courses of instruction for teachers in first aid and anti-gas measures sug- gested by the Board of Education. ARP - the treatment of casualties BRITAIN'Today TlHe British'Library of Information) 1940, Sept. 6, No, 55, p. 19 A review of- the; •-emergency medical services es- tahlished by the British Ministry of Health to care for those' injured'by air raid's, ARP training center, first aid posts and decon- 'lamination stations for the“ borough of Wandsworth. ‘TFlE BU ILDER (London)“ ~. 1939, Oct. 13, NO',-5045, p. 511. Illustrations A description of the construction and service offered at this training center. Casualty and health problems of air raids PUBLIC HEALTxTTIjondonT 1940, Oct, Vol. L1V No. 1, p. 3-4 Medical off leers ■responsible for first aid •■•to ARP personnel. First aid precautions at Colchester THE“ MUNICIPAL JOURNAL Tfondon) 1939, Feb. 17, Vol. 48, No. 2105, p. 561 Colchester ARP Committeefs proposal for first aid posts, depot and ambulance services. A French first aid atrtion YEARINIHM“PROTIVCEDUSHNOI "0B0R0NY (Moscow) N. Vaninshkin 1934, Vol. 5, pn. 62-64 Description of a new type of first aid station Hot water for first aid stations THE MUNICIPAL-JOURNAL TLondonT 1939, Oct. 13, Vol. 43, No.' 2437, p. 2207 'The radiation 80-SB'gas water-heater is described ‘ as meeting the needs for instantaneous hot water for dressing stations. For decontamination and cleaning the larger radiation water-heater. No, 210-M is recommended.. These heaters are the produetion o f Rad iati on, L td. W1nd s o r, Lancashire county survey THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov, 29, Vol. 49, p. 1512 Lancashire county emergency committee reports satisfactory progress in civil defense. Covers hospital accommodations, first aid work, public shelters, canteens. Organization of first aid posts in hospitals THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL TLöhdönT 1940, Sept. Vol, 49, No, 2485, p. 1179 Organizing first aid posts adjacent to hospitals to act as a sorting depot; out-patient service to minor injuries. Southports’ novel first aid station THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London] 1939, Feb, 17, Vol. 48, No. 2403 p. 377 One of the first mobile first aid stations in the country for dealing with civilian victims of air raid. Training of volunteers at first aid posts THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London] 1939, June 30, Vol. 48, No, 2422, p. 1469 The Minister of Health on collective training of a volunteer staff for first aid posts. FOODS AND FOOD REGULATIONS ARP food rations COAST ARTILLERY JOURNAL {Washington, D.C.) 1941, Jan-Feb, Vol. 84, No. 1, p. 6Ó-6I Concentrated food and its value in powdered forms for civil populations as well as troops. Catering for civil defense forces THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Aug. 30, Vol. 49, No. 2433, p. 1118 Food for civil defense personnel, methods of preparation, serving, cost, equipment needed, and organization of personnel for the work. Communal feeding THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, Jan. 10, Vol. 49, No. 2502, p, 41 Organization and plans for feeding large groups in air raid shelters: cost shared by local and national government. Communal feeding THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, March 7, Vol. 49, No. 2510, p, 297 Outline from Sheffield England on communal 90 feeding; plan for large numbers to secure hot meals without working hardships on the community. Communal feeding in small towns and villages THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (LondonT* “ 1941, Peb.7, Vol. 49, No. 2506, p. 153 A plan of the Ministry of .Food to provide cheap meals for persons unable to prepare their food, Pood defense elans ECONOMIST (London]" 1939, April 22, Vol. 135, p. 189 Editorial observation on the plans for preser*- vation of national food supply. Pood in wartime THE “MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Oct. 25, Vol. 49, No. 2491, p. 1361 The Minister of Pood Initiates a plan for nutrition, care and economy in the use of food. Food in wartime; how it is organized: local authorities and the protection and preservation of supplies. THEf MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Oct, 4, Vol. 49, No. 2488, p.,1266 An outline of the principal problems presented to the annual congress of the Royal Sanitary Association of Scotland, Hov/ three cities provide communal meals: Tynemouth deputation gains hints frorpTiverpool,' Manchester and Sheffield. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1941, Peb, 7, Vol. 49, No. 2503, p. 161 A description of the operation of municipal cafes and restaurants. National anti-rat campaign THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Nov. 15, Vol, 49, 2494, p, 1456 The destruction of foodstuff, poultry, buildings, and warehouse goods; spreading of disease germs, fleas and lice. 91 The newer knowledge of nutrition in relation to wartime food PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1940, June, Vol. LIII, No. 9, pp. 194-196 Scientific feeding and food rationing in war- t ime. Nutrition and national defense A nutritional program for national defense teaches tiie people to consume a simple but nutritionally adequate diet. . The basis of such a diet is whole ground cereals, meat, soya bean. Advantage should be taken of recent accomplishments in nutrition and vitamin research. Problems of food in wartime TECHNOLOGY REVIEW Tobey, James A. 1940, Nov. Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 20, 36, 38 Problems of adequate nutrition for soldiers, workers and civilians; minimum rations, food supply. Protection of food GREAT BRITAIN MINISTRY OF FOOD (London, H.M. Station- ery Office) 1940, 1$ pp. Contamination of foodstuffs on the farm, the warehouses, hotels and homes, Preventive means, means of detection, means of decontamination. Protection of foods and water CHEMICALS IN WAR (London! - McGraw-Hill Book Company, p. 584-585 Problems arising from contamination of food through direct contact with chemical agents or by exposure to vapor. Self purification of water. The protection of foodstuffs against poison gas. GREAT BRITAIN HOME OFFICE (ARP Department) London 1937, PP. 1-8 The importance of protecting stocks against con- tamination by gas in time of war. Per- 92 sistent and non-persistent gases and their effects on exposed foodstuffs. Rapid progress of communal feeding THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London 1941, Feb. 28, Vol. 49, No-. 2509, p. 26? Comment on the success of communal feeding centers. An explanation of how the centers are operated and the growing popularity among persons in every community to this method of feeding. .See also■Canteens GAS ALARMS See WARNING SIGNALS GAS, DECONTAMINATION Air raid precautions TUITRMirOE"' THU 'INSTITUTE OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) Strothers, Watson 1938, Vol. LXIV, No. 14,‘pp. 1920-1934 Decontamination of roads and sewers; rescue of the injured; repairs to buildings; provision for needed buildings; air raid shelters. The architect states his case THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Dec. 22, Vol.' 157', No. 5055, p. 844 The rush of buildings for the most part comprises ARP shelters, decontamination centers and other structures for civil defense. Civil defense and the protection of- factories THE INDIAN AND EASTERN ENGINEER (Calcutta, India) 1940, June, Vol. 86, No. 6, p. 629 Rules and regulations for the protection of factories; regulations governing fire fighting and fire watching; causes.of fires; rescue of trapped persons; protection from the effects of gas and decontamination. ’’Decontamination” ’ JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE . . 1938, Oct. Vol. 59, iN,o. 4, PP. 334-343 Decontamination by S. All,church, the Transport and Cleaning Superintendent of Portsmouth; methods for disposing of poisonous gases used in 93 chemical warfare. Assignment of duties, training of personnel, equipment. The decontamination of building materials, THE BUILDER iLondoh) 1940, March 22, Vol, CLVIII, Mo. 5068, p, 358 Decontamination of mustard gas,- Decontamination of electrical plant THE ELECTHlCllN TLondonT - • 1940, Aug. 30, Vol. CXXV, No. 3248, p, 114 Commissioners report on methods to be adopted; effects of poison gas on equipment. The mean- ing of contamination and decontamination. Pour general principles for achieving docontamination. Degasing and cleaning of towns after air raids VEST Nik PR CTIV OZDIJSHNOI OB OR ONE (Review oT anPi- aerial defense) Moscow 1938, Vol. 31, pp. 30-41 Technical means of street cleaning. Degasing goods and objects VESTNIK PROTIVOZDUSHN.OI 0B0R0NY (Review of anti- aerial defense) ' Moscow 1931, Vol, X-XI, pp. 67-69 Degasing objects under various conditions. Degasing trains VESTNIK PR OT IV OZDUS KN 01 0B0R0NY (Review of anti- aerial defense) Moscow 1931, Vol, VII, p, 60-61 The technical equipment, of a degasing train. Food and its protection against poison gas GREAT BRITAIN MINISTRY OP POOD (London) 1940, 15 pp. The contamination of foodstuffs on the farm; the warehouses; hotels and.homes; means of detection and decontamination*. Gas heated boiler GAS JOURNAL ■(London) 1939, May 10, Vol, 226, p. 417 Description of tank designed for washing cloth- ing contaminated with war gases. 94 Means of degasing clothing VESTNIK PROTIVOZUDHN01 0B0R0NY (Review of anti- aerial defense) Moscow Lubinov, A. 1938, January, pp. 46-54. Illustrations, diagrams. On the problem of degasing attacked regions VESTNIK PROTIVOZDUSIIN01 OBORONY (Review of anti- aerial defense) Moscow Varobiev, Capt. 1938, January, Vol. 2, pp. 56-59 GAS, DETECTION OF Combat gases - their detection CHIMIE & INDUSTRIE (Paris) Berthelot, M. Charles 1940, Jan. Vol. 43, No. 2, p. 140 A scientific discussion 6f the various typos of combat gases and the means employed to counter- act their effects. Contains footnotes on the above subject by the Director of Passive Defense, Also footnotes by Mr. Marchand on how passive defense detects and neutralizes combat gases. GAS, ILLUMINATING - EMERGENCY CONTROL Air raid damage SMRlClN GAS JOURNAL Dlökson, D. L. 1941, Feb. Vol. 54, p, 33-34 Damage by bombs, oragnizatioh and preparation for emergencies. Controlling an ignited gas main GAS JOURNAL TLomTdrT) *" “ u:',. 1939, May 24, Vol. 226, p. 525 , Description of operations designed to extin- guish gas mains ignited in air raids. Emergency connections for fractured mains GAS JOURNAL (London) . ‘ 1939, April 5, Vol. 226 p. 48 A suggestion for repairing mainp damaged by bombings.' Emergency flooding of holder mains GAS JOURNAL (Londoner “ ’ 1939, April 5, Vol. 226, p. 48 Technique for flooding holder inlet and outlet mains in the event of a holder being damaged in an air raid. On closing pipe lines GAS J OUR N AL”Tton donj” Botts, H. 1939, April 12, Vol. 226, p. 98 An invention designed to automatically close any gas, steam or .-fluid .main from a distance. GAS MASKS, See GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES Air raid precautions and the gas industry; pro- Tect'ion of gas 'wöfFs from bombs "and the public from escaping gas. GAS JOURNAL (Lond on) 1938, March 16, Vol. 221, p, 797-798 Anti-gas measures on railroads TOSTNIETPifÖTlYOEDUETHNOI OBÖRÖNY (Review of anti- aerial defense) Moscow Lubinov, A. 1938, January pp, 37-44 Combating gas in large areas; use of the locomotive and its instruments; gas in rail- road stations and cars. Anti-gas training. Memorandum No. 5 GREAT BRITAIN HOME OFFICE (ARP Department) London 1938 A summary of arrangements in anti-gas schools. Includes material already communicated to local authorities by circular. Anti-gas training devised to ensure the proper standard of in- struction. ARP in Franco; mobile laboratory for gas mask Testing THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sept. 1, Vol. 48, 2431, p, 1946 The Paris Fire Department has .devised a mobile testing laboratory inside an enclosed truck. It carries apparatus for the testing of shelter filter and gas mask. The bases of chemical absorption - anti-gas measures. MELNIKOVS, A Moscow 1938, 216 pp. Illustrations, 96 Chemical in war PRENTISS, AUGUSTIN PUTCHELL McGraw-Hill Book Co., London and New York 19-pp. 3-530 Basic principles, chemical agents; technique and tactics of chemical warfare; defense against chemical attacks. Chemistry and War ANDZEEY, V.G, Moscow : ■ • 130 pp. Civil defense .end the protection of factories THE INDIAN AND EASTERN ENGINEER (Calcutta, India) 1940, June, Vol. 86, No. 6, p. 629 Rules and regulations in vogue for the protec- tion of factories. Regulations for "fire fight- ing and fire watching", causes of fire, rescue of trapped persons, .protection from the effects of gas, decontamination of materials. Combat gases - their detection CHIM3E& INDUSTRIE (Paris) Berthelot, M. Charles 1940, Jan. Vol. 43, No. 2, p. 140 A scientific discussion of the various types of combat gases .and the means employed to counter- act their effects. Contains footnotes on the above subject by the Director of Passive Defense, Also footnotes by M. Marchand on how passive de- fense detects and neutralizes combat gases. Charts, diagrams, Danish gas masks for civil population. VESTNIK PR0TIV0ZDUSKN0I 0B0R0NY (Review of anti- aerial defense) Moscow A • L • 19 - pp. 53-55 Instructions for the wearing of gas masks. Decontamination after air raids Tiir municipal jounmi TEohUBnT 1939, March 24, Vol. 48, No. 2408, p. 686 Decontamination a simple operation. Every avail- able hydrant, static water supplies, such as canals, rivers, ponds, should be recorded and plotted upon the map. Exercise in decontamination training takes a considerable amount of time and 97 is a rather expensive part of the training. Decontamination of electrical plant Iks ELECTRICIAN TLondon] 1940, Aug. 30, Tol. XXXV, Ko. 3243, p. 114 Commissioners circulate report on methods to be adopted. Effects of poison gas on equipment. Meaning of contamination and decontamination. Four general principles of achieving decontamin- ation. Defense against Gas GREAT BRITAIN WAR OFFICE (London) Creed, H.J. 1935 A manual describing methods of projecting and spreading gas, the tactics of defense and pro- tection; methods of training troops in these tactics. Illustrated, appendices. Distribution of civilian respirators THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Aug. 4, Vol. 48, No. 2427, p. 1775 Copies of ARP Department Circular No, 157, 1939 containing detailed instructions concerning the supply and distribution of civilian respirators. The dog and the chemical reconnaissance work VESTNIK PROT IV 0 ZDU SHN 01 OB CRONY (Review of anti- aerial defense) Moscow Solovei, A. 1937, pp. 6/4-66. Illustrations An abstract of the book ”Animals and Chemical Warfare" by the German writer Richlersi. Electrofilters for poison smokes and poison fogs VESTNIK PROTIVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Review of“anti- aerial defense) Moscow lashchln, G.S. 19- p. 29-23. Illustrations Experiments with electrofilters as compared with other types of filters and with' absorbents. Experiments in anti-gas protection of houses BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York City) 1937, Dec. 31 98 Food and its protection against poison gas GREAT BRITAIN MINISTRY OF FOOD (London) 1940, 15 PR. Consideration of the contamination of* foodstuffs on the farm, in warehouses, hotels and homes. Preventive measures, means of detection, means of decontamination. Gas heated boiler GAS JOURNAL (London) 1939, Vol. 226, p. 417 Description of tank designed for washing clothing contaminated with war gases. Gas masks and gas shelters for children VESTNTk PROTIVöI ÖTORONY (Review of .anti- aerial defense) Moscow : Vail, V.3, 1937, pp. 55-57 A reY-iew of the anti-gas measures for children in Japan, Austria, Belgium and England. Gas masks for the civilian population Zelensky, v.l. Moscow 1936, 72, pp. Gas precautions THE ECONOMISTTLondon) 19U, April 12, Vol. CXL, No. 5094, p. 4^4 An outline of measures taken to encourage the public to carry gas masks. Compulsory carrying of gas masks not considered advisable, Luftschutz in den neutralen Staaten (Aerial protec- tion in the neutral countries) GAS UND LUFTSCHUTZ (Gas and aerial protection) Germany 1939, Sept. pp. 272-275 Measures against gas attacks during the winter months VESTNIK PROTIV0ZDUSHN01 0B0R0NY [Review of anti-, aerial defense) Moscow ■' ■ " ” Kalynikov, A 1934, Vol. 10, pp. 110-143 Gas contaminated snow, ice, and frozen soil - how to deal with it,• 99 Organization of groups for chemical defense TESflTlK o7 anti- aerial defense) Moscow Salmin, N. • • ’ ■ 1931, No,- 2 ' ' ■ The preparation of groups of civilians for chem- ical warfare, / ■ Protection' against poison gas; complete air purifica- tion with modern equipment THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Oct, 11, Vol. 49, No. 2489, p. 1312 Illustra- tions... Description of the !?Llfegaurd” equipment produced by the Choma. Manufacturing- Co, p Ltd, of London. Protective measures for, gas undertakings against & natlona1 emergen cy 1939, Oct. 4, Vol. 228, pp. 24-6, 20-30 See also - GAS-DECONTAMINATION, and SHELTERS - GAS- PROOF ‘ ' GAS FORKS - GREAT BRITAIN ARP for Birkenhead Department MUTlTTTPAir7(J[JRMirAND GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATOR (London) 1939, July 14, Vol, 48, No, 2424, p. 1606 Recomendation by the Birkenhead Gas Committee that the gas department should be equlped for ARP purposes. The schedule - Includes sums to be spent on shelter,.etc,, GAS WORKS - U.S.Ä. Bombing gas plants - what would happen? tfOAST ARTILLERY- JOURNAL (Washington, D. .0.) 1940, Maroh-Aprll, Vol. 83, No. 2, p. 180-181 öreenpoint Works in case of aerial bombardment. Fires during the course of war.,; GLASS, PROTECTION 0F Danger of flying glass ; ; ' . THE MTnTCIPAL■'JOÜRiÄi; (London) . 1941, Jan, 10, Vol, 4.9; No> 25.02, p. 50 Recommendations on protective measures taken to 100 prevent injury from flying glass during air raids: shows how danger may be lessened by the. various methods of camouflage. Factories (Glass- protection order) . TM ÖÄXTÖN MAGAZINE (London) 1941, Jan. Vol. XLIII, No.' 1, p. 11 The Ministry of Labour- and National Service has Issued the Factories (Glass protection order) 1940, providing that factories employing more than 250 persons should provide safegaurds against risks of Injury caused by broken glass from windows, skylights and Internal partitions. Glass and ARP ' TSfe fe T IT I tJETT~T London) PiIkington, Geoffrey' 1940, June 7, Vol. CLVII, No, 5079, p, 678- Tests. conducted to determine the behavior of certain types of glass and window treatments when subjected to explosions,' Protective measures for windows. Avoiding expenditure on black-out curtaining. Glass for ARP purposes mTTTLoMo-k)— 1939, Dec, 1, Vol. 148, No. 3855, p. 25 Demonstrations of the uses of glass in wartime; methods of protecting windows without excluding daylight, Glass in wartime Tjb rid o n) 1939, Nov, 24,, Vol. 157, No. 5051, p. 751 Tests prove that some forms of glass show consider- able resistance to blast; glass bricks used where a window is 'to be ‘made absolutely' gasproof with- out excluding light. Degasing trains VLstMIKPRoTIVÖZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Review of Air Raid Defense) Moscow 1931, Vol. VII, p. 60-61 The technical equipment of a degasing train. 101 Glass splinter danger in air raids THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, duly 19, Vol. 49, No. 2477, p. 936 Methods for reducing the danger of flying glass. News from the ARP front TEE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Sept. 12, Vol. 49, No. 2485, p. 1181 The large number of air raid casualties caused by flying glass. Recommends warning lights for air raid shelters which protrude into roadways. Physics and windows in wartime THE JOURNAL OF TEE TEXTILE INSTITUTE (London) 1940, Vol. XXX, No. 11, p. 210 The problem of protecting windows from blast. Results of investigations Incorporated in British Standard Specification. Protecting windows THE ARCHITECT ANTT“BUILDING- NEWS (London) 1940, Oct. 25, Vol. CLXIV, No. 3749, p. 55 Paymaster-Captain Robert R. Hoare gives suggestions for protecting windows against blast, splinters, etc. Screens may be fixed or detachable. Venti- lation and artificial lighting suggestions. Protecting windows from blast effects MUNICIPAL JOURNAL HLondonT 1940, July 19, Vol. 49, No. 2477, p. 948 Methods put into practice since the outbreak of the war for the 'protection of windows. A paint spray which absorbs shock, is considered the most satisfactory. Protection from glass fragmentation FÜUNDRY TRiinrTOÜRMi; TTondöHT 1940, Dec. 5, Vol. 63, No. 1268, p. 367 Best methods of meeting dangers from broken glass from roofs; the need for admission of daylight, and preservation of the blackout. The availability of materials. Protection of glass in factories INDIA LUBBER JOURNALTLondon] 1940, Nov. 30, Vol. C, No. 22, p. 1 Methods recommended for the treatment of the 102 various types of glass as a means of protection against air raids. Protection of glass: Methods of treatment BATHS AND BATH ENGINEERING 1941, Ian.-Feb. Vol. 8, p. 14 Text of Bulletin No. E. 4, issued by the Ministry of Home Security, Covers protection of roof glaz- ing, repair of damaged glazing and glass substi- tutes, ... . Sand bag walling THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 13, Vol. 157, No. 5045, p. 566. Pictures Details of a method of protecting windows against bomb splinters divised by Mr. R.V. Southwell. It affords partial protection to the occupant of a house at small cost. Splinter proof glass • • THE MgINEER (London ..... 1941, April 4, Vol, CLXXI, No. 4447, p. 234 The use of glass treated to reduce splintering. Tests show possibility of treating windows of signal boxes without interferring with clear vision, Windows in wartime INDIA - RUBBER JOURNAL (London) 1940, Nov. 2, Vol, 0. No. 18, p. 1 A review of the wartime problems arising from the widespread use of glass in buildings. The effect of blast in connection with windows is also dis- cussed, showing the result's of tests on methods of preventing the fracture of glass due to blast. Windows in wartime TEXTILE MANUFACTURER (England) V 1940, Nov. Vol. 67, No. 790, p. 425 The principal problems of windows in wartime: (a) ■ the' obscuration of all artificial lighting at night time; (b) the protection of windows against fracture due to blast; (c) prevention of personal injury re- sulting: from pieces of flying glass.from: broken windows. GLASS SUBSTITUTES Replacement of broken windows TEE NlilnciPAlTlOURiNlAŁ'MD ŁÓ0AL ADMINISTRATOR (London) 1940, Nov, 8, Vol, 49, No. 2493, p. 1433 The destruction and damage caused by bombs to near- by houses, windows and roofs. Temporary repairs are p/ltal and glass substitutes are being used; one of the best of these-substitutes is a windnw replacement net, • A strong glass substitute Tlffi MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Dec. 20, Vol. 49, p. 1634 "Tuzoidn Is, a,„,.g;;la ss which can harmless- ly“ be dislodged by blast and can rapidly be re- placed in position,' HEALTH AND HYGIENE ARP from the point of view of the Medical Officer of Health JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE (London) Williamson,. A.B, IPOSi Pet. Vol.'59, No. 4,-PP. 307-31Ö Britain*s Health in Wartime THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, Jan. 10, Vol. 49, No. 2502, p, 52 The general health of England during the present war. The principal war diseases and a comprehen- sive hrealt down of all diseases .by names. Casualty and; Health problems of air raids PUBLIC HEALTH (LondonT 1940, Oct. Vol. LIV, No. 1, p. 3-4. Medical officers of health to be responsible in first aid of certain ARP personnel; train casual- ty personnel. C h i I d^T s e alth in wartime . . j 1940, Dec. 20, p, l6 Recommendations for insuring good health and morale of children. Civil defense and the school health services PUBLIC HEALTH "(London) 1940, Feb. Vol. LIU, No. 5, p. 109 The Ministers of Health and Home Security agree upon the importance . of... re-establishing the school health services. ARP premises to be used where- ever they are suitable.- ARP cleansing stations. 104 Civil defense responsibilities of medical officers of health PUBLIC HEALTH (London) ■ . 1940, Ian. Vol. LIU, No. 4, p. 89 It is suggested that the consultative committee appointed be a small one, so that contact could be quickly established. Civilian Health risks in war PUBLIC HEALTH“TLondon) Irvine E.D 1940, November, Vol. LIV, No.. 2, pp.. 21-24 Health risks of the population. Carriers of di- seases. Sleeplessness and mass anxiety. Indus- trial fatigue. Health in Britain: disease falls below ł38 level despite lag in shelter clean up. NEWSWEEK (New YorkJ 1941, Feb. 3, Vol. I?, p. 26. Illustrations The inadequacy of sanitary measures for shelters, stressed. Health service in wartime; the role of health visitors in relation to ARP in a national emergency THE MUNICIPAL' JOURNAL. (London) 1939, Aug, 4, Vol. 48, No. 2427, p. 181? Extracts from the papers of ¥,G, Booth and T.N.V. Potts at the Royal Sanitary Institute Health Congress. Role of health visitors and midwives in relation to ARP discussed. Home nursing: a- problem winter air-raids will pro duce THE “MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) Bottomley, A.G. 1940, Dec, 13, Vol. 49, p. 1587 Public shelters and private homes dangerous for the ill during air raids.. Suggestions for special- ly equipped sick bays located in the basements of schools or other places that can be protected from air attack. This would make available nursing and medical attention for those who might not otherwise get it. 105 Medical and•sanitary care of the civilian population necessitated by attacks from hostile aircraft AVIATION MEDICINE (St. Paul, Minn.) Ledfords, G.E. Capt; Army Medical Corps 1940, Dec. Vol. 11, No. 4, p. .143 Rigid, control of civilians must be maintained, authorities must be prepared to deal with mass out- breaks of pestilence. All persons in bombed areas vaccinated against small pox. Medical and sanitary organization YESTNIK PROTIV0ZDUSHNOI OBORONY {Review of anti-aerial defense) Moscow 1938, Vol. 12, pp. 37-51 Details of organisation of the civil population for medical aid. Points in connection with ARP casualty services PUBLIC HEALTH (London!* 1938, Vol. Liu; No. 3, p. 58 Administration of ARP first aid posts; emergency hospital arrangements; protection of hospitals, stores and equipments; ambulance arrangements; ARP personnel. Public health in wartime PUBLIC HEALTH “(LondoUT McNalty, Sir Arthur 1940, May,. Vol. LIII, No. 8, p. 129 Measures directed towards the maintenance of nation- al health and the prevention of disease. Civilian health and children’s health. School health services in wartime PUBLIC HEALTH "[London) ’ " 1940, Jan. Vol. LIII, No. 4, P. 89 Summary of circular 1490, December 14, dealing with school health services. This confused system of medical services THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 5, Vol. 49, No. 2475, p. 883 A discussion of how well-planned medical services may become confused with the large number of civilian casualties. The effect of war on the medical pro- fession. See also - SHELTERS - HYGIENE and EVACUATION - HEALTH MEASURES. 106 HOSPITALS Air raid protection - hospitals PCFüTHTsfiTaJCE MONTHLY 19- Vol, 136, No. 5, pp. 96-98. Illustrations Air raid shelter for radium. Air raid risks of medical officers fÜBLIC' HEALTH (London! 1940, June, Vol. LIII, No. 9, p. 206 Special responsibilities of medical officers and other officials in civil defense organization. Country hospitals - an urgent need THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 17, Vol. 48, No. 2407, p. 632 Country hospitals attached to central town hospi- tals, patterned after the pioneer work of Princess Elizabeth of York Hospital for Children, Emergency hospital scheme revision THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Sept. 6, Vol, 49, No. 2484, p. 1134 Reorganization of the London sectors of the emer- gency hospital scheme as announced in a Ministry of Health Bulletin in effect since Sept, 1, 1940. Experience gained in regard to air raid casualty and hospital services PÜBLIC HEALTH (London) 1940, Oct. Vol. 54, No. 1, pp. 5-10 Experiences pertaining to shelters, communication, first aid and hospital treatment. Notes of medical officers on accidents to persons seeking air raid shelter. Hospitals and ARP progress of the emergency organization THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London)' 1939, May 19, Vol. 48, No. 2416, p. 1119 The Ministry of Healthfs memorandum of hospital arrangements in connection with ARP, Progress made in the organization of that service in prepara- tion for an.emergency,. Hospital and raid casualties THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Jan. 13, Vol. 48, N0. 2396, p. 76 Covers hospitals accommodations and transport 107 facilities from the point of view of air raid casualties, Hospital service in wartime THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Feb. 10, Vol. 48, No. 2402, p. 298 Relates to the progress being made by hospitals and their accommodations in wartime. Hospitals and civilian sick tHTÄTÜiHL JóWAT"(Eoncron) 1939, Oct. 6, Vol. 48, No, 2436, p. 2165 The Minister of Health plans that all the avail- able hospital accommodation be pooled and used to meet the individual needs of the area. This applies to special as well as general hospitals. Hospitals in emergency periods: Herts C,C, arrange programme of additional activities, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 23, Vol. 48, N0. 2421, p, 1453 Detailed plans for the expansion of hospital buil- dings and services in preparation for civilian needs in wartime. Hospitals in wartime TOE' MÜN'iĆiHl‘ (London) 1939, March 3, Vol. 48, N0. 2405, p. 474 Hospital arrangements in connection with ARP organized by the Minister of health. Most hospi- tals included in the emergency scheme, A plan to link casualty hospitals to each other in the more vulnerable areas, Luftschutz und krankenhaus (Aerial protection and hospitals)" DEUTSCHE BAUZEITUNG (German Builder) * Kammler von, H, 1939, Vol, 73, PP» 285-289 National preparedness program in hospitals HOSPITALS (Chicago, 111) Amberg, Roy M, 1941, May, Vol, 15, No. 51, P, 54 Medical protection for civilians In the World War; previous mistakes; reorganization of hospital staffs; better understanding of status of internes and residents for future staff planning. 108 Organizing the home front THE MUNICIPAL' JOURNAL (London) 1940, Sept. 6, Vol. 49, No. 24B4, p. 1154 Emergency hospital schemes; duties of group and hospital officers;' economy in emergency stores; transfer of food surpluses to other areas. Duties of women in voluntary services. Protection of hospitals against air raids THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Ian. 20, Vol. 48, No. 2399, p. 172 Impracticable to provide hospitals which would resist a direct hit from high explosive bomb. Some protection can be given however against blast effect and splinters. Richtlinien für bauliche luftschutzmassnahmen in krankenhausern. lazaretten, heil und pflegeanstalten (General directions for structural measurements in aerial defense civil and military hospitals and nursing institutions) DEUTSCHE BAUZEITUNG (German Builder) 1939, April; Vol. 73, pp, 357-359 Structural and other precautions against air risks in hospitals. Memorandum”^! EMERGENCY MEDICAL-SERVICES (London) 1941, Ian. Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 142 The object is to indicate to hospital authorities what can be done to provide protection against air raid risks both in existing hospitals' and in planning and construction of new 'hospitals. Structural and other precautions against air raid risks in hospitals. HOSPITALS "(Chicago, I1L) Walsh, William Henry 1941, April, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 35-41 The first objective is to Indicate to hospital authorities what can be done to provide protec- tion against air risks both in existing hospitals and the planning and construction of new hospitals. HOUSING Building for defense. Wartime housing in Canada THE ARCHITECTURAL FORUM (Boston) Nicolls, F. W. 1940, Dec. 17, pp. 493-500 109 Caring for air-raid victims THE 'MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR London .■ 1941, Jan, 17, Vol. 49, No. 2505, p. 67 The problem of the homeless is being solved by billeting, emergency hostels, and rehousing. First aid repairs on damaged houses. Defense housing SKYSCRAPER MANAGEMENT (Chicago) 1940, November, Vol. 25, No, 11, p, 10 An outline of the housing program as it relates to families of enlisted personnel. Emphasis is placed upon the fact that defense housing is an important part of the defense of a nation. Contains a definition of the Defense Housing Co- ordinator’s duties. Defense housing is under way THE CONSTRUCTOR TWashington, D.C.) 1940, Sept. No, 9, p, 51, Illustrations These pictures show the fast work in timber con- struction at Florida Air Station under way in connection with the defense program. Industrial housing THE BÜILDSR (London) • Butler, R, Cottore11 1940, Aug. 2, Vol. CLIX, No. 5091, p. 107 Some criticisms and suggestions. The project must be economical, swift and not interfere with pressing war activities. Houses without undue cost, give adequate ARP protection to sleepers. The structural strength of accommodation intended to house sleeping industrial workers should be such that adequate ARP is afforded. Planning for post war housing "THE' MUNI Cl PAL JOURNAl"TLC)ndon) 1941, March 7, Vol. 49, No. 2510, p. 501 In a paper which he read to the Institution of Structural Engineers, Mr, Cyril V/. Cocking fore- casts a shortage of traditional building materials after the war and suggested alternative methods of construction, using chiefly precast concrete units, 110 Temporary housing . WSTNIlT’ ’OBORONY (Review of anti-aerial defense) Moscow Bogolepova, L. 1931, No. 2, pp, 50-55 Plans. Explains the necessity of building special houses to accommodate those civilians whose homes have been demolished by bombardment. Town planning and ARP criticism of trenches, shelters ahcf""hospital silos MfTieiPAL IOIRKAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, April 21, Vol. 48, No. 2412, p, 896 ' Shelters are considered the main problem. Import- ance of maintaining services essential to commun- ity is emphasised. Rehousing schemes now con- templated may hejjp solve problems. Outlines report of Government committee on structural precautions against air attack. Use of houses scheduled for demolition w lüNT^mipTmmkTTjXoMon)— 1939, Oct. 13, Voli 48, No. 2437, p. 2179 Contains reply of the Minister of Health to the question of the advisability of suspending sec- tion 155(3) of the Housing Act which prohibits the renting of empty houses which are the subject of a demolition order. HYGIENE - See HEALTH AND HYGIENE INDUSTRIAL POLICIES Air raid precautions - industry ElSilESiR 5' 1959, Aug. 4, Vol. 148, pt. 1, p. 143 Notes on ARP regulations set by the Civil Defense Act for industry. The Civil Defense Bill - how it affects factory owners 1939, May 12, Vol. 5Ö.3 p. 912 Air raid shelters provide where fifty or more persons work or live, excluding domestic staff. Appropriate shelters; Illustrated types in Pro- visional Code, A wide variety of choice given employers. Tentative estimates of cost. Defense and the employer ECONOMIST (London) 1939, June 17, Vol. 135, p. G47 A discussion of complications created for the employer by the needs of defense both from the point of view of production and finance. Institute 0ommlttees are created to cooperate in national defense INSTITUTE QUARTERLY 1941, Jan, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp, 15-32 Regional, committees are set up to study problems to safeguard against sabotage, bombings; storage methods; cooperation with authorities, character of present facilities; potential needs for ARP. Wartime building contracts W BUima'R(London) ■ 1939, Deo. 6, Vol. 157, No. 5053, p. 789 Mr, Elcock’s suggested variations, A .memorandum prepared by him to meet the difficulties of the present emergency in the- building Industry and to suggest a fair basis for building contracts as between the employer’ and contractor. Wartime labour Problems TEE SSÖUfeEft : INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH - See RESEARCH INSURANCE ■ Insurance for all , •. VToli- (London) 1941, March 29, Vol0 LVIII, No. 3018, p. 26 Main provisions of wartime damage insurance scheme for real estate and movable property. Special war insurance for evacuated areas THE MUNIClPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR London .. .. 1941, Jan. 17, Vol. 49, lo. 2503, p. 61 The Borough Council urges the government to adopt a separate scheme of,insurance of‘property etc. against damage by enemy action or to make a substantial reduction in the rates of contribu- tion under the war damage bill. War damge bill’. IKON'AND CüALTRADES REVIEW (London) 1941, Marbh 28, Vol. 142, No. 3813, p.'384 This bill is divided into two parts. Part 1 applies to real property# Part 2 relates to movable property» With certain exceptions, in- surance under the business and farm scheme will •be c ompuIsory• War risk insuran.ee THE BtJILDER (London) 1939, Dec. 22, Vol. 157, No, 5055, p. 857 A national indemnity plan to cover war risks to property. The defects are discussed and a broad outline for the scheme is recommended. LAMPS - See BLACKOUT - PORTABLE LIGHTS LAWS A.A.S.T.A*. Lectures on ARP THE BUILDER (London) ' 1939, Oct. 27, Vol. 157, No. 5047, p. 614 ♦ In an opening lecture in a series 'being given by the Association of Architects, Surveyors and Technical'.Assistants. ■ Mr. Sedlcy discusses the legal‘problems of ARP and the rights and duties of local authorities • Compulsory orecautions TIP? MUNICIPAL JClXiNAL (London) 1939, March 24, Vol. 48, No. 2408, p, 684 .... According to the law of April 1935> air raid precautions are compulsory''in Prance, The law provides, among other things/ that public bodies and private persons bear the cost of the shelters they need; while the .state pays for shelters necessary to its departments and for public shelters,., a 113 Drei wichtige erlasse zum bautech nisehen Luftschutz (Three important decrees tó the 'building-technic Ian" of aerial protection) BAUWELT {World Builder) 1939, Vol, 30, pp# 829-834# Illustrations Emergency legislation THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) * 1939, Sept, 8, Vol. 48, No. 2432, p, 1989 Among the many emergency acts passed by Parliament some affect local authorities. The Housing (Emergency Powers) Act which empowers local au- thorities to make fit for housing pruposes ‘build- ings damaged by war. After serving notice upon the person having control of a building, loans in respect to this work are provided. The Finsbury ARP case THE MUNICIPAL- JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sept. 1, Vol. 48, No. 2431, p. 1961 Extent of the powers of local authorities in ARP work defined in the decision in the. case of the Attorney General (at the relation of Martin vs# ehe Mayor, Aldermen and Burgesses of the Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury, ) Fire Brigade and ARP law MOTECIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, Jan. 6, Vol. 48, No, 2397, p. 24 Various Incidents'since the publication of the first edition of nThe Law of the Fire Brigade” caused the necessity of a second edition# Changes made in the law by the Act of 1938 are fundamen- tal, .necessitating a departure from the plan of the first edition of the book. The new volume ;?The Law of Fire Brigades and xAir Raid Precautions” contains a succinct survey of ARP and other important information. LIBRARIES 9'ook supplies for evacuees OTe“MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Dec, 29, Vol. 48, No. 2448, p, 2542 The adivisory body of Librarians recommends among other things, that metropolitan libraries send such books as they can spare to county libra- ries, or other library authorities in reception areas, to make them available to evacuees* 114 Libraries and the national defense program AMERICA!! LIBRARY ASSOCIATION BtfctST'ftf (Chicago) Milan, Carl H. • .. .... 1940, Sept. 1, Vol. 34, pp. 429-453, 485 Role of the library in maintaining national morale. Its contribution to Industrial preparedness, as center of Information and research for industrial- ists, technicians and workers. The librarv profession on the defense front IMrYgan 'Library ass6ciIFi of bulletin “(Chicago) Bond, Elizabeth, and Beatty, Cora M. 1940, Dec, Vol, 34, No, 12, p, 663 Libraries of all types the country over report big increases in the use of material relating to the defense program. Exhibits and displays of books pertinent to national defense have also been used to increase the availability of defense materials to library users, London’s first mobile library TffiS MßlIClPALr JOURNAL (London) 1941, Peb, 14, Vol. 49, Ho. 2507, p. 203 Comments on London’s first mobile library as it affects civil defense and war workers. Provides reading matter for Isolated air raid wardens and air alert personnel; also books for persons while in air raid shelters, National defense and the library AIMrICA?) LIBRARY IyTOCTÄTION BULLETIN (Chicago) 1940, Vol. 35, No. 1, p. 5 . . . The wars now being waged are not merely against nations and races. They have as their aim the destruction of ideas as well, even in those countries not engaged in military, combat, . Libraries are in- evitably involved in this war of ideas. Preparedness needs and the library IlERtCAN LIBRARY 'ASSWlMToM ÖÜLltolN (Chicago) Munn, R, Russell ' 1940, Jan, Vol. 35, No. 1, p. 9 Libraries faced with the Important task of pre- serving democracy at home while war is waged against it abroad. Paced with a trend towards elimination of all services not essential to defense, how will tho Library fare. If non- essentials are to go the library must prove its indlspensabillty, 115 LIGHTING -See also BLACKOUT -LIGHTING, BLACKOUT -STREET LIGHTING. LIGHTING -MOTOR VEHICLES Headlamp masks for motor vehicles TEE ENGINEER (London) 1941, Feb. 21, Vol. CLXXI, No. 4441, p. 137 Certain requirements for headlamp masks are laid down in the lighting (restrictions) order, and a drawing of a recommended type of mask was issued by the Ministry of Home Security. See also - BLACKOUT -VEHICLE LIGHTING MEDICAL SERVICE - See HEALTH AND HYGIENE MINES Adaptors for A.R.P. lighting v COLLIERS ENGINEERING' (London) 1939, Dec., p. 440 Where it is desired to alter fittings in premises to comply with A.R.P. requirements by reducing the lighting intensity, a conversion adaptor is almost a necessity. The original fittings were designed for high wattage lamps with long necks -and E.S., G.E.S. or even 3.C. caps. Each of these adaptors has a brown body of porcelain which is fluted to facilitate turning and fitted at the top end with the appropriate lamp cap and at the bottom with a G.E.C. Air raid precautions at Collieries COLLIERY ENGINEERING Tlondon) 1938, Feb. Vol. 15, No, 168, pp. 47-49 Notes on high explosive bombs, incendiary bombs, and gas bombs or sprays; protection against attack by use of camouflage; other precautionary measures. Air raid precautions at Collieries COLLIERY GUARDIAN (London] 1937, April 23, No. 3982, pp. 775-776 Sources of danger are discussed i.e; incendiary bombs, high explosive bombs, gas bombs, or combin- ation of these and possibly gas sprays; special precautions; respirators; etc. 116 Air raid shelters- for mine surface workers COLLIERY GUARDIAN TEöndönT 1939, June.16, Vol. 158, No, 4049, pp. 1057-1058 A.R.P. for the collieries COLLIERY ENGINEERING (London) 1939, April, p. 122 Camouflage is of value as an indirect defense, but presents difficulties. It may be easy to dis- guise the washery as a field with cows and the headgears as spreading Chestnut trees, but the colliery railway yard would need to be covered properly in, to escape notice. A.R.P. lighting for Collieries COLLIERY ENGINEERING (London) 1939, Deo. p. 420 Light-locks, complementary color lighting, and fluorescent lighting are among the types described. A.R.P. Mobile Switchgear THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN (London) 1939, Jan. 6, No. 4071, Vol. 158, p. 44 Switchgear and Cowans, Ltd. have adapted some of their switchgear for mounting on wheeled platforms so as to make the equipment easily transportable from site to site, in the event of an emergency. The switchgear itself is of standard design, so that these units can be lined up with or used to replace existing gear. The wheeled platform is provided with adequate facilities for haulage, and the centre wheels are lowered in respect to the outer couples to effect easy maneuverability. Portable Ward-Leonard winder for ARP COLLIERY GUARDIAN (London! 1941, Jan. 26, Vol. CLX, No. 4126, p. 141 The dislocation of winding gear due to the effects of air raids has called for consideration by the coal owners’ association all over the country. Therefore, the design of a small protable electric winder has been developed by Thornewill and Warham (Successors) Burton Engineering Works, Burton on Trent. The Ward-Leonard type offers the most simple form of control combined with safety. Service in War time THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN (London) 1939, April 6, No. .4084, Vol. 158-2, p. 620 An account of some difficulty being experienced in certain mining areas in. recruiting anti-air craft, coast defense units for the Territorial armies, and for balloon barrage squadrons Of the Auxiliary air for ce. Some Aspects of ARP THE IRON AMD COAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1938, Oct. Vol. 87, No. 3682, pp. 537-372 An address delivered before the National Associa- tion of Colliery Managers on Sept, 21, ,1938 deal- ing with various aspects of ARP with particular reference to shelter ventilation, food supply, lighting, sanitation, gas and communication. Special air raid precautions for mines THE IRON AMD COAL TRADES REVIEW JLondon) 1939, Sept, 29, Vol. 139, No. 3735, pp. 439-441 Underground fire-fiphting equipment THE IRON AND COAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1940, Deo.'20, Vol. CXLX, No. 3799, p. 643 A description of the extinguishers in use at Ger- man collieries. Foam and other types of extin- guishers; fire fighting policy in Germany, strin- gent specifications and a comparative efficiency of types. MINORITY GROUPS At grips with air raid problems JEWISH CHRONICLE (London} 1940, Nov. 8, p. 6 Resume of activities of ARP unit; aid to the bombed out; problems in shelter life; the minority group in the raided community. Communal centers for evacuees JEWISH CHRONICLE TIöndönT 1940, Nov. 22, p. 9 Community centers to serve the religious, educational and social needs for minority groups. 118 Coping with air raid problems JEWISH CHRONICIIC”TLondoiTJ 191-0, Nov, 22, p. 1. Investigations of problems arising from needs of minority groups and ARP. Evacuation and. ant1-semitism JEWISH 'CHEO&IClJTTLonaon f 1940, Dec. 20, p, 12 Probiens in race relations arising from evacuation shifts; the future status of minority groups. Leeds Evacuee Committee mnsH ÜHRüNTcLE (London) 1940, Nov. 22, p. 10 Report of activities of a committee organized for the welfare of evacuees. Life in shelters JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1941, 'fan, 10, p. 14 Analysis of race relations during shelter retreats; potentiality of shelter life as means of develop- ing racial understanding. The new dispersal JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1941, Jan, 10, p. 16 Problems of adaptation of the city dweller to country life; permanent dispersion as solution to social problems, "This huge problem" JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1940, Nov. 1, No. 3734, p. 5 A discussion of evacuee difficulties the provinces face. "A very grave problem" JEWISH ‘CHRONICIEllondon) 1940, Nov„ 1. No. 3734, p. 11 A consideration of Jewish problems and recommenda- tions for their urgently needed guidance. See also - SHELTERS -MINORITY GROUPS 119 MORALE - PRANCE Le bomhardement aerien de populations civiles (Aerial T5Embardments "57 c'ivilTan population) REVUE GENERALE DE DROIT AERIEN (General Review of Aerial Law) Paris 1939, Oct-Nov,-Dec. Vol. 8, pp. 651-568 Le danger aero-clumique (The danger of aerial chemi- cal’ warfare*] CAMENTRON, MEDECIN JEAN Paris 1933, 79 pp. A discussion of the French attitude towards the disastrous effects of aerial bombardments and the havoc that can bo wrought through the use of explosive incendiary and gas bombs. Emphasis is placed upon measures taken in other European countries to combat this evil. Brief discussion of the problems of protecting civilians against peril of aorial bombardment. De lTefficacite des attaques aeriennes sur le morale He’s’ populations cTviTes . TJ~ AER 0 P HILl C? a r T s* ) 1939, April Vol. 77 La Menace aux civils (Menace to civilians) MOT RE COMBAT Fribourg, Andre 1939, Sept. pp. 1-125 MORALE - GERMANY German strategy and morale THE S PEC TAT OR "TL on d onT~ 1940, July 26, No. 5848, p, 87 MORALE - GREAT BRITAIN Censorship CAVALCADE (London) 1941,.April 26, Vol. 3, No. 164, p, 8 The.adverse effects of censorship on air raid victims. Holds that to announce‘only partial -damage, to prepare the people for worse news later, is very damaging to the civilian morale. 120 Fear flics over England TEE FORUM (New York City) 1939, Nov, Vol. C. No. 5, p. 107 A psychological discussion of tho English view- point respecting an impending emergency. Author discusses the effects of radio and press in disseminating details concerning shelters, first aid instructors, and blackouts. Girls clubs in wartime Tims iibhChTionAjl Supplement (London) 1959, Nov, 4, No. 1279, p, 425 The National Council of Girls Clubs maintains tho attitude that its work in wartime must bo concerned with ultimate and permanent values. Tho 51 grim and gayu side of raids TIXUi/lEJvrKFTONDON NEaS ThondohJ 1940, Oct. 5, Vol. 197, No. 5294, p. 434 A pictorial description and short statement reviewing tho high morale of the Britishers despite German air raid attacks. How they are taking it in Britain - a letter. LIFE” (Melbourne, Austf aTTa’) • 1941, April, Vol. 4, No, 11, p. 19 A letter written by Mr, Cuthbert Burgoyne, a business man in London, to a friend In Melbourne, revealing the fortitude of the British populace in the face of impending dangers. Inside _a London shelter BRITAIN TODAY ("The British Library of Information- New York) 1940, Nov, 29, No. 41, p. 6 nThe Inner section of an Anderson shelter” and nTable tennis during an air raid” are two pictorial paintings giving an insight into whattt goes on inside air raid shelters during raids. Illustrations of British morale. The Living London BRITTäNIX'AND EVE (London) Parson, Negley and Purvis, Tom 194-0, Dec. Vol. 21, No. S, p. 4 An account of London under tho blackout written in story form. A discussion of air raid shelters is given, together with tho attitude of the Londoner towards the circumstances brought about by these raids. 121 Music while you work JOURNAL ' 1940, Aug. Vol. 85, No. 2091, p. 36 Experimental performances arranged in order to ascertain what forms of light entertainment would he most acceptable have been received with enthusiasm and won approval. Nazi swarms blast at London in onslaught to crack moral© NEWSWEEK (New York) 1940, Sept. 16, Vol. 16, p. 22, Illustrations Civilian morale reported unimpaired by German air attack on London. Nerves about morale THE S NECTATOR (London) 1940, July, 19, No 5849, p* 51 A critical indictment of the morale-specialists sponsored by the Ministry of Information and the B.B.C. The indictment specifies that these men suffer more from agitation of mind and jitters than the public about which they are solicitous. Observations are made that "with few exceptions the citizens of England are as sound as bells." Notes and comments THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Aug. 30, Vol. 49, No. 2483, p. 1125 Discusses how air raid protection has been proven its worth. The courage of oivil defense worker. Thumbs up NEWSWEEK 1940, Sept. 30, Vol. XVI, No. 14, p, 22-3 London’s organization for air raid protection. Units for morale, health and housing problems. The world today - an air raid dance feoNDGN CALLING (London) 1940, Nov. 24-30, No. 60, p. 8 William Holt describes an impromptu dance chat took place in a London shelter during an air raid. The dance became the central thing in the lives of the men and women, and the air raid something apart, almost forgotten. 1 n9 JL (•* hS MORALE - SPAIN Civils et combuttants espagnols sous les bombard- ments aeriens (Spanish civilians and combatants und e r a e rIa1 bomb a rdment s) LES ALLES (The Wings) Paris 1939, March 16, Vol. 19, No. 926, p. 11 MORALE - U.S.A. The face of war at the school room window CHILDHOOD’ EDÜCÄTlON'T^ashington, D.Ć.) Bain, Winifred E. 1940, Nov. Vol. 17, No, 3, p. 130 This is an editorial discussing the responsibility of the teacher to establish certain principles and values so that the children will have tolerance in spite of the visage of war. Internal defense lies with the schools NATION’S SCHOOLS Hochlman, A.B. 1940, Sept. Vol. 26, p, 21-2 Libraries and the national defense program AMERICAN'LlERARY“’ASSOCIATION' BULLETIN (Chicago) Milan, Carl H. 1940, Sept. I, Vol. 34, pp. 429-33, 435 The role of the library in maintaining national morale. Its contribution to industrial prepared- ness, as center of information and research for industrial technicians and workers. Morale: first line of defense INFANTRY JOURNAL {Washington, D.C.) 1941, Nay, Vol. XLVII1, *o. 5, p. 32, The importance of national morale to the defense effort; outlines many ways in which an enemy will try to destroy morale to bring about dis- unity in a nation that is marked for later attack. National defense com.es to town WEÜTENNT CTITTTo s'lUigeles") 194-1, Nay, Vol. 17, No. 51, p. 13 Civilian problems in national defense; organization of workers to engage in general welfare and re- creation duties, in order to maintain civilian morale during air raids. 123 Soldier and civilian in total war INFANTRY JOURNAL Washington, D.O.) Weerd, D.H.A. 194-1, April, Vol. XLVIII, No. 4, p. 23 Revolutionary alterations in the time-honoured relationship between the civilian and military elements of the state that have come about with other changes of modern warfare. See also - REPORTAGE MUSEUMS - BELGIUM See MUSEUMS - LOW COUNTRIES MUSEUMS - FRANCE Art treasures removed because of war threat (Paris) NEW YORK TIMES 1939, Aug. 2.6, pp. 2-6 IN exposition de la securite aerienne a LłEsplanade ces Invalides a Uarrsn'Tli'e "exposition on Aerial Security at the Esnlande des invalides, Paris) SCHWEIZER AERO-REVUE (Paris) 1939, Aug. Vol. 14, pp. 340-342 Plans for saving Louvre paintings in case of emer.g en c y discussed NEW YORK TIMES 1939, Vol. VII, p. 14 La protection des monuments at oeuvres d1 art en temps de guerre (Protection of monuments and masterpieces of art in wartime.) MOUSEION (Paris) 1939, Nos. 47-40, PP» 6-232 Removed to'safety because of war threat (Paris) NEW YORK TIMES 1939, Sept. 2, 3:2 1939, Sept. 11, 2:6 1939, Sept. 12, 3:2 Report on wartime protection of treasures (Paris) Mi york Tims “ ‘ ” 1940, March 4, Vol, 4, p. 1 war threat (Paris) MUSEUMS - GERMANY Berlin museum safeguarded NEW YORK TIMES 1939, Sept,'3, Vol. 13, p. 5 124 MUSEUMS - GREAT'BRITAIN The British museums and their adaptation to war circumstances MOUSEION (Paris) 1940, May-June, p. 25 Many of the British museums are open and exhibit collections mainly for the benefit of the evacua- ted children who cannot receive regular instruc- tion. Museographic activities during the war MOUSEION (Paris! 1940, Feb. p, 1 Despite the removal of the more valuable art treasures, the museums are still open to the public in England and in Germany. MUSEUMS - GREECE Treasures hidden for safety during war (Greece) NEW YORK TIMES 1940, Nov. 5, Vol. 4, p. 2 MUSEUMS - ITALY Use of warships to bring art...back (Italy) NEW YORK TIMES 1940, Jan. 7, p. 4~5 MUSEUMS - LOW COUNTRIES Art collection moved from war zone vanishes (Belgium) NEW YORK TIMES 1940, Kay 25, 4:7 Art sent to Portugal, during war (Netherlands) NEW YORK TIMES 1940, April 2, 14:4 Le danger aerlen et la sauvegarde objects d* art aux pay-baslAerial danger and safety of art treasures in the low Countries) REVUE GENERALE DE DROIT AERIEN (General Review of Aerial Law) Paris Ronart, 0. 1938, Tan-Feb. Mar. Vol. 8, pp. 59-75 125 Netherlands seeks international League of Nations conference '"on protection of art in wartime. NEW YORK TIMES 1939, Jan. 28, Vol. 13:2 MUSEUMS -NETHERLANDS; See MUSEUMS -LOW COUNTRIES MUSEUMS - POLAND Private1 y-owned paintings being removed to safety "(War saw) NEW YORK TIMES 1939, Sept. 3, Vol. 14:6 MUSEUMS -ROUMANIA Treasures reported unloaded at Bank of Roumania NEW YORK TIMES 1939, Sept. 27, Vol. 11:2 NUTRITION See FOODS AND FOOD REGULATIONS OBSERVATION POSTS ARP and the Factory THE BUILDER ILondon) 1940, March 22, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5063, p. 368 Discussion of the importance of employing all technical and science experts to assist in making ARP preparations. Valuable information given on shelters, protection of vital plants, observation posts, communications, first aid, fire-fighting, rescue work, decontamination, .lighting problems, etc. Civil defense works in Leeds THE BUILDER (London) 1940, Feb. 16, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5069, p. 219 The author explains two distinct problems; the total ultimate accommodation in public air raid shelters, domestic shelters; air raid warden’s posts; protection on civil buildings. Observer system saves time THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL ILondon) 1940, Sept. 20, Vol. 49, No. 2486 Discusses an observation post for air raid warning system which has been established by an industrial firm somewhere in England. The system is recom- mended by. the writer for general use by munici- palities. 126 A roof spotting system TEXTILE MANTTFACTtlRER fLondon) 1940, Oct. Vol. 67, No. 789, p. 381 An industrial observation post organisation which has proved successful in practice, giving quick rapid survey of situation, and prompt action when and where required. Pictures show- ing the actual system in its manifold operations are also gi ven. The Spotters posts ELECTRICAL REVIEW Ltd. (London) 1941, March 23, Vol. 128, No. 3305 A paper containing useful hints for roof-spotters and fire watchers, including indentification of aircraft, See also - SPOTTERS, WARNING SIGNALS OFFICIAL PUBLICATION - BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION, N.Y. Air raid precautions in 1 sic topics and business pre— raises.' ’ ~ ~ BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York) 19- Ai~v raid shelters lor persons working in commercial and Indus tria! du i lain gs “ BRITISH LTBRARY OF" INFORMAT I ON (New York) 19- Bullet-i n - type designs for small huts BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York) 19- Circular 38- provision of air raid shelters in specif led“ areas BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York) 1940, March 7 Circular 91 (704319/79) BHTTTBk LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York) 1939, April 25 Provision of air raid shelters Circular 110 (704519/79) BRITISH LIBRARY CP INFORMATION (New York) 1939, May 22, Provision of air raid shelters 127 Circular 136 (704314/121) BRITISH“LIBRARY OP INFORMATION (New York) 1939, July 11 Steel shelters, cases of flooding Circular 701602/109 MTWsITLIBRARY OP INFORMATION (Now York) 1937, Dec. 31 Experiments in anti-gas protection of houses Domestic surface she11ers mmm ismmrcjp iWcTTHATION (New York) 19- The duties of air raid wardens BRITISH LIBRARY CP INFORMATION (New York) 1940 Handbook - 5A BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York) 1940 Bomb resisting shelters Handbook - 11A BRITISH LIBRARY OP INFORMATION (New York) 1940 Camouflage of large installations Handbook - 12A BRITISH LIBRARY CP INFORMATION (New York) 1940 Memoranda 11 - Domestic surface shelters MTtTSITlIBRARY OP INFORMATION (New York) 19- Mi scellane ous BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York) ■ 19- Ghoico and adaptation of shelters in houses Miscellaneous - air raid shelter for persons work- ing in factories, "mines, buildings, etc• BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION“{New York) 19- Miscellaneous - erection of domestic surface shelters BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York) 19- 128 Miscellaneous - garden trenches BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFOR MATI ON (New York) 19- M1scellanepus - shelter from attack BRITISH LIBRARY OP INFORMATION (New York) Scottish Education Department Circulars BRITISH LIBRARY' OF INFORMATI ON (New York) 1938, March Air raid precautions in schools Statutory rules and orders BRITISH LIBRARY “INFORMATION 1939, Aug. 16 906 air raid shelter regulations. OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS -FRANCE Instruo11ons pratiques (Practical instructions on passive- 'defense "against aerial attacks) MINI STERE DE L» INTERIEUR 1931, 79 pp Contents; l-organization of passive defense,0 2- preparation of passive defense; 3-measures of passive defense. OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS - GREAT BRITAIN Admiralty, War Office and Air Ministry Air- raid precautions for Government contractors London, H. 'H, SdfätioVofv office “ “ 1939 Designed to assist contractors in dealing with the problems of AH? and to secure passive protection for their personnel and plant in a practical and e c on omleal way. England-Aus traila Civil Air transport service London, H. M. StatIonerv"OffTce J ‘ " 19- Plgeon Service Manual London/' H#H. "Slnitionorv office 19- Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Building Research Board Wartime Building Bulletin §1 London, H.M. Stationery Office 1940, pp, 3-29. Planes -tables-designs The designs which make for maximum economy in steel in wartime construction. Outline drawings together with schedules of weight of steelwork and blackout designs required are given. Treat- ment of glazing. Camouflage. Wartime Building Bulletin #2 London, H.M. Stationery Office 1940, pp. 3-9 Diagrams, tables Wartime Building Bulletin §3 London, IT.M.'Stationery O'ffice 1940, pp. 3-22 Tables and diagrams Type designs for military hut for twenty-four men. Analysis of requirements. Classification of designs according to merit. Wartime Building Bulletin #4 London, H.M. Stationery Office 1940, pp. 3-19 Diagrams, tables ARP considerations. Treatment in glazing, day- lighting, ventilation. Wartime Building Bulletin y 5 London, H.M. Stationery Office 1940, pp. 3-13 Diagrams, tables Economical type designs in reinforced concrete for single storey factories. Loading, stresses; control of concrete quality. Steel in quantities required. Wartime BuiIding Bulletin §6 London, H.M. Stationery Office 1940, pp. 3-9 Tables, illustrations, diagrams Picture construction with centering. Picture y2-further designs for hut type building. Wartime BuiIding Bulletin §7 London, H.M. Stationery Office 1940, pp. 3-14 Diagrams, tables Economical type designs in structural steelwork 130 for small house construction where timber floors and roofs have been replaced by other materials. Substitution of pitched roof for flat-roof. -Drainage and smoky chimneys.-Sound insulation ARP factors. Wartime Building Bulletin #S London~ H.M.'‘Ul.a11onery Office 1940, pp. 3-15 Diagrams, tables Part l-(a) walls for factory building (suitable for use with designs given in Bulletins 1, 4 and 5); (b) columns for factory buildings (suitable for use with the steelwork given in Bulletins 1 and 4); part 2- tubular steel trusses and purlins for fac- tory buildings; part 3- the heating and ventilation system for wartime factories. G-reat Britain Home Department Air Ministry -Air Navigation Act London, E.M. Stationery Office. 19- Air Ministry - Manual of Air Navi elation London, 'H.M. Stationery Office 19- ARP Training Manual London, H.M. Stationery Office 19- Cambridge Scientist Anti-war Group London, H.M. Stationery Office 1937 • The protection of the public from, aerial attack, being a critical examination of the recommenda- tions put forward by the Air Raid Precautions Department of the Home Office. Circular - Air raid precautions No. 700216/14 London“ H.M. Stationery Office, 1935, Sept. 7 Circular - Air raid precautions No. 701255/3 London, H.M. Stationery Office 1937 Role of the police. 131 Circular - Civilian anti-gas schools No. 701527/34 London, H.M. Stationery Office 1938, July 2. Circular - Experiments in anti-gas protection of HousesTTo. 701.602/109 London, H.M. Stationery Office 1937. Circular - Fire Brigades No. ■ 751, 8657i”’-23.2.'37 ' No. 751, 866/1 -15.12.37 London, H.M. Stationery Office. • i General Staff-Fighting the Air London, H.M. Stationery Office General Staff-Mapping from air-photographs London, H.M. Stationery Office 19- Hone Department -Anti-Gas precautions London, H.M. Stationery Office 19- Lighting Restrictions. No. 700 225/114-14*2.38 London, H.M. Stationery Office 19- Memoranda - Organization of decontamination service London, H.M. Stationery Office 1918, Nov. 2 Memoranda-Rescue parties and clearance of debris London, H.M. Stationery Office 1936, Nov. 2 Statutory rules and orders - Air raid precautions No. 251 London, H.M. Stationery Office 1938 Great Britain Home Office { Air raid precautions Depart- ment .) Circular 91 -Provision of air raid shelter London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939, April 25 132 Circular 110 -Provision of air raid shelter "London, HVM. Stationery Office 1939, May 22 Circular - Provisional regulations London,-H.M. Stationery Office 1938, July 29 Circular No. 157 - Requirements of civilian respira- tors London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939 Circular 136 - Steel shelters,cases of flooding London, H,M. Stationery Office 1939 Circular - Summary of provisions London, H.M. Stationery Office 1937 Deals with functions of the local authorities and also discusses the financial provisions contained in the ARP act. Circular 140 - Training of instructors, etc. London7 H.M. Stationery Office 1939 Circular - Training of air raid wardens London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939, pp. 1-11 Handbook No, _2__(lst edition) London, H.~ M." Stationery Office 1935 Handbook No, 12 (1st edition) Air raid precautions for animaTs London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939 Handbook No. 2 - Anti-Cas precautions and first aid Tor”"air raid casualties London, H. M. Stationery Office 19- 133 Handbook No. 5 (1st edition) Institution of Civil Engineers London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939 Handbook No« 11 (1st edition) Camouflage of large Installations London, H.M, Stationery Office 19- This pamphlet describes in general terms the measures which may be taken by way of camou- flage to render factories and other buildings less distinguishable from the air Handbook No. 5 - Medical treatment of gas casualties London, H.M, Stationery Office 19- Handbook No. 1 - Personal protection against gas London, tl ¥," Stationery Office 19- Handbook No. 10 - A scheme for practical training in the treatment and handling of the injured in case of raids, London, H ,M, Stationery Office 1939 Maps for use in connection with i\RP schemes (Notes arid "suggest ions for map-making) London, H.M, Stationery Office 1938, Nov. 30 Memorandum - Aids to the movement of traffic to be Thstalled ’in roads and streets in the absence of street lighting London, H .M. Stationery Office 1939 Memorandum - Air raid precautions, No. 7 London, H.M, Stationery Office 1930, January Memorandum - Air raid shelters for persons working in factories," mines and commercial buildings, London, H.M, Stationery Office 1939, August Memorandum No. 4 - Air raid wardens London, ILL, Stationery Office 1937, llpp 134 Memorandum No. 8 (1st edition) -Air raid warning system ITondon, 1!.M'. Stationery Office 1938 Memorandum No. 5 (2nd edition) - Anti-gas training London, H.M. Stationery Office 1938 Memorandum No. 14 - Domestic surface shelters London, H.M. Stationery Office 1940 Memorandum 1.1 (1st edition)- Gas detection and identification service London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939 Memorandum. 9 .(1st edition) - Incendiary bombs and fi re pr o c auti on London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939 Memorandum - Lighting restrictions an important feature of security against air attacks London, H.M. Stationery Office 1938 Memorandum No. 6 - Local communications and reporting b f a ir r aid d amage. London, H.M. Stationery Office 1936, 29pp. General principles of local control in time of war; training; cooperation. Memorandum - Organization of air raid precautions services in industrial undertakings and the training and equipment of personnel. London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939, 14pp. Memorandum No. 3 - Organization of decontamination Services London, H.M. Stationery Office 1936, 11pp. Memorandum No, 7 - Personnel requirements for air raid general and fire precautions services, and the police service, London, H.M. Stationery Office 1938, 11pp. 135 Memorandum No. 12 - Protection of windows in commercial and industrial buildings. London, H.M. Stationery Office 1940, 36pp. Memorandum No, 18 ~ Protective measures. Lon, H.M. Stationery Office 1940, 48pp. Memorandum No. 10 (1st edition) - Provisions of air raid’ s he 11 ers in ba s ement s London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939, 40pp. Recommendations for adopting existing basements as shelters. Minimum standards under normal conditions are set for capacity, strengthening and regulations for use. For private homes as well as factories, buildings and public shelter-constructions. Illus- trated with charts, diagrams, plans and drawings. Memorandum No. 2 - Rescue parties and clearance of debris London, H.M. Stationery Office 1936, 8pp. Memorandum No. 1 (1st edition) - Treatment of casual- ties and decontamination of personnel. London, H.M. Stationery Office 1935, 15pp. Outlines types of organizations to be set up by local authorities to provide first aid and hospital treatment for air raid casualties and means of de- contaminating persons who have been contaminated with gas. Air raid wardens London, HTM. Stationery Office 1937 Air raid wardenłs service London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939 Air raid warning signals London, H.M. Stationery Office 1938, May 4, Anti-gas protection of babies and young children Lohdorr7~L mi. Stationery“T3Tfice 1939, 8pp. Anti-gas training London* H.M. Stationery Office 1936* Feb. 5pp, Anti-gas training LonCi.oh/"K,L. Stationers Office 1936* Feb. 24, 4pp. Anti-gas training London,' Stationery Office 1956* August, 5pp. Anti-gas training - Gas Vans and Gas Chambers London, H.M. Stationery Office 1956, December 17, 4pp. Anti-gas training (Quotes701 529/42) - Outline of Instructions in protection against gas warfare London, H.M. Stationery Office 1937, July 10, 14pp. Anti-gas training - scheme of medical training London, E.M. Stationery Office 1936, Dec, 4pp. ARP school London, H.M. Stationery Office 1938, 4pp, Establishment of air raid precautions school in London- function of school to train those officers of local authorities charged with preparation of general air raid precaution scheme. Badges for volunteers L on doli L . H.' St ati one ry Off ice 1937, Feb. 23, 4p;. Badges’ for volunteers London, IT, Ml Stationery Office 1938, Dec, 20, 6pp. A memo of the Secretary of State directing that badges be given to volunteers serving at least one month in an emergency. Various services eligiblei first aid or medical services, rescue and demolition, decontamination service, air raid wardens and repair service. Casualty Service Stretcher.Support - 4 stretcher typo London, H.M, Slfationery Off 1 cö 1938 Diagram showing details of construction. 137 Certification mark for filtration plants giving pro- tefTion a^ainslTpoison gasea~used in war tendon,'eTm. 'Stationery Office 1957, 4pp. Certification mark for respirators giving protection afpq.nst poTson gases useTT Tn’war Tondon, E.M, Stationery Office 1938, 10pp. Civilian anting a s_ schools London,""'HTM’. Stationery Office 1938, Peb. 7 Designs prepared as a. guide to the construction of a. "streacTIer London, H.M. Stationery Office 1938, Sept. S3, 4pp. Duties of St. John Ambulance Brigade and British Red Pro’ss “Society Tn assisting the Cfovernment and locaT"" aut ho rTtTe's Stationery Office 1938, 2pp. Experiments in anti-gag protection of houses London,’*UTM.^Staolonery 0FFTce*~ 1937, Dec. 31, 7pp. Report of experiments ca'rried out by the Chemical Defense Research Department. First aid posts 'Condon, II.il. stationery Office 1933, April 26, 16pp. This pamphlet gives information concerning the arrangement of first aid posts. It discusses briefly the importance of first aid posts and outlines the various sections of a post. Contains charts showing various sections such as (1) the reception room (2) first aid room and waiting room. First aid posts TTondon'," S',II, Stationery Office 1938, 2pp. Role of first aid posts in air raid precautions casualties organizations. General scheme for guidance of local authorities TIohdon, H.M, Stationery Office 1938, 2pp. 138 An Order Book London/ 'itM* Stationery Office 1938 Pamphlet on Garden Trenches London, lOL Stationery (Office 19- 4pp. Practicability of garden trenches'; details as to construction. Diagram of garden trench for six persons. Shlet on shelter from air attack on, HTM. Stationery OTTTce 1939 Precautionary measures taken by the Government to safeguard civilian population a gain si effects o f air attack: London, H,M* Stationery Office 19- Prime Cost contracts for emergency work London," if,M* Ltationery OfTTce ~ 1939, 10pp. The protection of foodstuffs against poison gas “gt at lone r:v Wi c e 1937, pp, 1-8 The purpose of this• pamphlet is to bring to the notice of producers, manufacturers and distributors in the food industry the importance of protecting their stocks against contamination by gas in time of war. Foodstuffs absorb gas readily. Poison gases classed either as persistent and non-persist- ent, each affects exposed foodstuffs. Protective measures London, H.M, Statlonery Office 1939, 26pp. Protective measures - air raid precautions in museums, picture galTeries and libraries London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939 Regulations for conversion of commercial vehicles for use as ambulances London, H,M. Stationery Office 1938, 4pp. 139 Relations of local authorities and industrial and business establishments in time of emergency. London, B.M.' Stationery üffice 1938, 2pp. ' Specifications. etc, in regard to permanent lining of trenches London, H.M. Stationery Office 1938, 6pp. Summary of position. No. 1 London, H.M, Stationery Office 1936, 4PP. Training Manual No. 1 London, H.M, StatTonery Office’ 1940, 86pp. Basic training in air raid precautions War damage to property London, H.MTLStatiohery Office 1939, 19pp. , , ' Wartime lighting restrictions for industrial and commercial premises London, H.M. Stationery Offide 1939 Great Britain Home Office (Fire Brigade Division) Emergency water supplies for fire fighting London, H.M, Stationery Office 1939 Great Britain Ministry of Food Food and its protection against poison gas London,' H.M.' Stationery Office r 1940, 15pp. Consideration of the contamination of foodstuffs on the farm, warehouses, hotels and homes; pre- ventive measures; methods of detection; methods of decontamination. Great Britain Ministry of Home Security (ARP Department) Care and repair of respirators London, H.M. StatTonery Office 1940, Feb, • Charges for respirators lost or damaged by members of the pubTic London, H.M, Stationery Office 1940, March 14 140 The detection and identification of war gases London, H.M. Stationery"OfTTce 1939 Notes for the use of gas identification officers. The term iłgasi? when used in connection with chemical warfare includes any chemical substance whether solid liquid or gas which is employed in war for its poisonous or irritant effects on the human body. Form of prime cost contract for emergency work London, H»M. Stationery Office 1959, 11 pp• Gas detection and identification service I,ondon, H, M • S'b a11 one ry~~Office ” 1939, 12pp. Inspection of civilian respirators hold by the public London, H,M, SlTaTTone ry” Of fie o' " ‘ 1940, Feb, Protective measures - what you must know -what you must oo London, H.M, Stationery Office 1940 Provision of air raid shelter in specified areas L odÜTö n, H, M. S t a t i on e r y Office 194-0, March 4, 9pp Retention of items of ARP equipment by individual me fiibFrs o f s e r vie e: s London, li,if, Statiónery Office 1940, April 26, 3pp Wartime Lighting restrictions London,“ H,M. StatTonery Off!ce 1939, 7pp Restrictions for lights carried by road vehicles Great Britain Office of the Lord Privy Seal Air raid shelters London, H.M, Stationery Office 1939, 26pp. Report of the Lord Privy Seal's conference. Con- ference concerned with the problem of providing heavily protected shelters for civilian popula- tion. Types of shelters discussed. 141 Great Britain War Office Defense against .gas London/ H.M. Stationery Office 1935, 76pp ■ . . . A treatise on the methods of protection against gas for humans, animals and material equipment. Contains instructions for removal of gases from dug-outs, shelters and trenches. Induces chapters on first aid and decontamination. Field service regulation London, H.M.“Stationery Office 19- Manual of treatment of gas casualties London, H.M. Stationery Office 1930 Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry Protective Measures - air raid precautions tor government contractors London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939, 37PP Scotland - Air raid precaution regulations 19.3g. löndö“ H.M'. Stationery Office' 1933, 9pp . . Memorandum on special points arising under fire precautions scheme. OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS - ITALY Laws and decrees of Feb. 2_2, 1937 MTnTSTERO~DLHH:’AERONAUTICA (Minister of Aviation) 1937, Feb. 22 Military orders. Laws of the anti-aerial defense of the National Union MINISTFRO DELL’AERONAUTICA 193Ó, Tune 13 Bpp Contents: 1- general union activity; 2- anti-air- craft protection within the scope of the unions’ activity; 3-organization of the union; L-aammis- tration; 5-different regulations. 142 OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS - UNITED STATES Protective Construction (Civil Defense) issued by the Division of State and Local Cooperation Office for Emergency Management WAR DEPARTMENT (Washington,, D.C.) 1941, 36pp. D i a grams, p1an s Describes types of explosives and their effects on structures, structural precautions against air attack; the design and construction of air raid shelters. Contains bibliography. Suggestions for State and Local Fire Defense (Civil Defense) Issued by Division of State and Local Cooperation Office for Emergency Management WAR DEPARTMENT (Washington, D.C.) 194-1, 27pp. Illustrations Reviews federal and local responsibilities in connection with civilian fire defense. Dives survey of fire fighting facilities, communications, water supply, reserve man power and mechanical equipment. ORGANIZATION - Australia Air raid shelters TEE JOURNAL "ÓF THE INSTITUTION OF ENGINEERS Fargher, J.A. Sydney, Australia 1940, April 30, Vol. 12, No. 4, p. 125 An ARP organization under the direction of Lieut. Col. W.C.D. Veale is preparing a complete scheme for the protection of the City of Adelaide in the event of air attack. This paper deals with one of its many aspects, viz, that of air raid shelters. ORGANIZATION - BOLIVIA The anti-aircraft defense of Bolivia SOLD AN, ALBERTO PAZ 1940, June, No. 6, pp, 311-323 ORGANIZATION - CANADA Handbook No. 1 Organization and Instruction manual 2d, edition No. 2 General training manual CANADA CIVILIAN DEFENSE COMMITTEE (Ottawa) 1940-1941, 2 vol. 143 Regulations for de_fense - an editorial JOURNAL (Montreal) 1939, Nov. Vol. 23, No. 11 An editorial comment upon the different regula- tions in effect in Canada for the welfare and protection of its civilians in case of Stressed are those aspects dealing with explosives, control of light, evacuation, contamination by gas, sabotage and defense signal. War emergency bulletin No, 6 Wartime Sabotage..Arthur B. Slight, No. 8 Sabotage prevention..W.J.Scott, No. 11 Handling" explosives' and incendiary bombs . - TlimiRAÖSHALL7 S OFFICE “ (Out ario')" 1940, 3 vols. ORGANIZATION - CHILE Defense anti-aerea (Air raid defense) "CHILE AEREO ” " . _ 1939, July-August, Vol. 11, No. 121, p. 24-9 ORGANIZATION - FINLAND How Helsinki prepared for dir raids. THE SECOND GREAT WAR (London) 1940, Jan. 12, No. B, p. 288 Illustrations A pictorial description, with notes ot the capital of”Finland during the Russo-Finnlsh war, in which thousands of its inhabitants found themselves without any protection from aerial bombardment. Pictures of hastily built trench shelters are included. ORGANIZATION - FRANCE De er et du 30 ,1 an vier 1939 relatif a 1! organisation genera3.e~~du service de la d.etense passive sur i_e territoire national. (Decree of January 30, relativeo general organization of the services for passive defense of national territory) REVUE GENERALS DU DROIT AERIES 1939, Jan.-Eeb.-March Vol. 8, pp. 76-93 La defense aerienne LE GENIE CIVIL 1937, Inne 19, No. 25, 23pp Aerial defense is divided into two parts, active 144 and passive. The value of active defense, com- posed of those forces such as anti-aircraft barrages, fighters. Passive defense provides shelters and necessary means for civilian protection. La defense aerienne de notre territoire {Aerial defense of our land ) 00NQ.USTE DS LT AIR Duvivier, Lieut. General 1939, July No. 7, pp. 11-13 ba defense passive des populations civiles (Passive defense of civilian populations) Chapter 1 in series "La Defense Passives" LA PETITE ILLUSTRATION (Paris) 1939, July 15, No. 92? pp. 3-6. Illustrations Setting up an organization for the defense of civil populations in France. Compared with organization in Germany and England, French Engineering Notes - Correspondent in Paris THE ENGINEER (London!" 1939, May-June Vol. 167, N0. E3E7 p. 577 Air raid precautions - evacuation of population essentially an engineering problem. Evacuation the means of safety from air attack. Architects must in future provide suitable shelters and under- ground roadways in Paris. Instruction pratique (Practical instructions on passive defense against aerial attacks MINISTERS DE^LłINTERIEUR 1931, 71pp Organization of passive defense; preparation of Pa & s i vo def o nso; me a s ur e s -o 1' p a sei vo de f o nso. Les Moyens de defense passive contrę les attaques aerlennes (Measures of passive defense against aerial attacks) LE GENIE CIVIL 1939, Feb. 11, Vol. 114, No. 6, pp. 1-18 Article contains conclusions concerning passive defense against aerial attacks which were arrived at during a three day conference held March 1938. Discussions dealt with the problems of shelters, their equipment, lighting and their general usefulness as a means of protection. 145 Ł’Organization des secours (Organizing First-Aid) Chapter V, La Defense Passive. LA PETITE ILLUSTRATION (Paris) 1939, July 15, No. 927, pp. 24-40, Appendix Fire fighting methods; detection of gases and respective aids to victims; degasing, protection for foods and live stock. Organization. Appended, the decree (1939) for ’’General organi- zation for passive defense of national territory.” ORGANIZATION - GERMANY Can Britain learn from Germany’s A.R.P.? WAR PICTORIAlTTLondonT 1939, Deo. 29, No. 16, p. 18-19. Pictures Methods of air raid precaution put into practice by Germany. Examples de suggestions allema.nd.es en matiere de defense passive contrę les attaques aeriennes ctvti —— 1935, Sept. 12, Vol. 109, No. 11, 38pp A review of the development of the German method of providing against aerial attacks. Stress is placed upon the use of propaganda in making the German people defense-conscious by telling them what is being done in other countries. The author discusses various types of shelters, their cost and capacities. Germania la difesa controaerea tedesca protegge le spazio (German anti-aerial defense protects German territory) RIVISTA AERONAUTICA 19-, Vol. 15, No. 9, pp. A83-A-86 1st Luftschutz heute noch notig? (Is aerial protection necessary today? LUFTFAHRT UND SCHULE (Air raid and the school) 1939, Aug. Vol. 4, pp. 280-282 Werk und heim luftgeschutz (Aerial defense at work and at home) DIE SIRENE (The Siren) 1939, Feb. Ho. 4, pp. 87-90, Illustrations. Wie der deutsche zivilie luftschutz aufgebaut ist. ÜTE SlRENlATThe 'Siren) ‘ ; 1939, Oct, No. 22, pp. 591-594 Illustrations. ORGANIZATION - GRSAT BRITAIN The Air and the citizen TEE RCUND'TABII’ (London) 1937-1933, Dec.-Sept. Vol. 28, p. 21? A review of the measures taken particularly by Germany, France and England in the interest of civilian defense. Emphasis is placed on the building of air raid shelters by the various countries as a means of civilian protection; these shelters being built of reinforced concrete to make them substantial against various types of bombs. The responsibilities of local authori- ties in connection with civilian protection is likewise stressed. Air raid damage to ehurches THE BUILDER" (London") 19U, Jan. 24, Vol. CLX, No. $112, p. 104 Air raids may do serious damage to many churches and other ecclesiastical buildings. Urgent need of a wide-spread organization which would guard against irreparable harm being done to structures that might be'skillfully preserved. The work *f the demolition squads and repair organizations should be guided and supervised by architects who have the necessary knowledge and experience. Air raid precautions JOURNAL OF TEE INSTITUTE OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) i St ■ ,‘o t a er s ¥p1 son ' 1938j Vol- LX.IV, No. 14, pp. 1920-1934 Decontamination of roads; sewers; rescue of the injured; repair to buildings; prevention of loss of life; provision, of needed buildings; air raid shelters. Air raid precautions so far as they effect the DoPIrinllhn cl municipal and County Engineers and Cleons in.g Surer int endent s. TIE"»Vof 14\'AL "OF'THE INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) Nicholas, R, 1936, Deo. 22, Vol. IXEII, No. 13, p. 550 147 ARP administration THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Feb. 3, Vol. 48, No* 2401, p. 251 Possible misunderstanding in the ARP administra- tion would be removed by the publication of tabulated statements. ARP and all that THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Fan. 10, Vol. 49, No. 2502, p. 34 "ARP and all that" is a book by C. Kent Wright, town clerk of Stoke Newington, England contain- ing a collection of tales describing the lighter side of the services engaged in Civil defenses (illustrated by Eve Sheldon Williams) ARP - a whale of a job LONDON CALLING- TLondon) Elies, Hugh 1940, Tune 29, No. 36, p. 3 Pictures. A brief history of the development of Britain’s Civil defense services from the time of 1935, when five officers and a few clerks started the Air Raid Precautions Department at the Rome Office until today, when hundreds of thousands of fully trained men and women are ready to deal with the air menace. ARP Controllers THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 31, Vol. 48, No. 2409, p. 7-12 Sir John Anderson, Lord Privy Seal, desires that each air raid precautions scheme making authority proceed toward the completion of its war organization by appointing (a) an air raid precautions controller and (b) an emergency committee. ARP Controllers and emergency committees THE MUNICIPAL "JOURNAL AND PIELIĆ WORKS ENGINEERS (London) 1939, April 28, Vol. 48, No. 2413, p. 926 Substance of a circular issued by ARP Department urging immediate appointment of ARP controllers and emergency committees, ARP development s THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, 'April 28, Vol. 48, No, 2413, p. 941 Progress noted during past six months, but 148 national government should cooperate with local authorities in their effort to accelerate ARP program. Problems in the recruitment for civil defense and the conflicting claims of .ARP and normal services for attention are discussed. ARP in Great Britain ENGINEERING ~J0URŃAL (Montreal, Canada) 1939, Nov. Yol. 22, No. 11 ARP in Great Britain - a discussion of the purpose of civilian defense in Great Britain with subtopics upon the following themes: shelter, evacuation, casualty services, fire- fighting, gas attacks, lighting, air raid warn- ings and food supply. ARP proposals• result of conference with Minister THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, April 28, Yol. AS, N0. 2413, p. 964 Report on a conference held between the Lord Privy- Seal and representatives of the County; Councils Association as submitted to the Execu- tive Council of the Association. ARP report - editorial notes THE STRUCTURAL ENGINEER (London) 1939, March, Yol. XYII, No. 3, p. "b” First report on ARP issued by the Institution consisted of 2 parts: ”A Digest of Published Information”; ’’The Committee’s recommendation for protecting existing buildings”. In the new edition, parts 1 and 2 have been revised. Parts 3 and 4 are published for the first time. Part 3 deals with air raid shelters; part 4 with new buildings. ARP revised codes THE GAS WORLD (London) 1939, Sept. 2, Ho. 2874, p.'174 Important documents have been issued to owners and occupiers of industrial and commercial premises affected by the Civil Defense Act. Two of these documents, are the ’’Revised Node of Air Raid Shelters for Persons Working in Factories, Mines and Commercial Buildings” and the revised list of specified areas under the act (Civil Defense Speci- fied Areas Order 1939.) 149 ARP service news THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Jan. 6, Vol. 43, No. 2397, p. 37 The ARP organization, with the view to the creation of units which would have-regard to local circumstances and conditions, have been divided into seven areas by the Fife County Committee, Subject to financial control by the County Council and Home Office, This scheme gives virtual autonomy. ARP service news THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'(London) ' 1939, Oct, 6, Vol. 48, No. 2436, p. 2141 Covers briefly: Dagenham fire station scheme; all round preparedness at Wolverhampton; nunit,! shelters at Edinburgh; and general ARP activities at London, Dover, North Reding, Birkenhead and Bethnal Green, ARP service news; survey of recent progress THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS (London) 1939, April 21, Vol. 48, No. 2412, p. 899 Covers work of ARP Department, recruiting of ARP worker, progress of shelter construction. The Bombing menace and a way out TEE ROUND TABLE (LoncTonT 1957-1938, Vol. 28, p. 330 Discussions of a general international agreement to prevent or restrict aerial bombardment of civilian population; active and passive defense with particular reference to the Importance of construction cf shelters; bomber squadrons as a method of repelling the enemy, Brighton'utilities pool their ARP emergency services, gas, electrieiky Und water. GAS J0URNAlTLondon) ” 1939, Nov, 1, pp. 229-230 Britain1s Civil War Effort THE MUNICIPAL REVIEW CF CANADA (Lachute, Quebec) 1941, Feb. Vol. XXXVII, No. 1, p. 12 Some duties of civilian defense officers: evacuation of mothers and children to safer areas; the repair of houses and other property damaged in air raids; regular and auxiliary fire services, 150 Casualty PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1941, Feb. Vol. LTV, No. 5, p-.78-79 Ono of the first problems'which boset the govern- ment in framing an ARP organization was that of choice of administrative areas for the purpose of their scheme. Civil defenders THE ECONOMIST ‘(London) • 1940, Feb. 17, Vol. 138, No. 5034, p. 285-286 How two million people (civil defenders) were trained and organized to furnish protection for the civilian population in air raids. Civil defense POLITICS IN REVIEW (London) 1939, Jan-Har, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp.70-79 Sir John Anderson’s review of civil defense plans i statements on the Government’s shelter policy and war risks' compensation scheme; organization of ARP regional organization; evacuation; food plans and medical services. Civil defense, local authorities and the central authorities, PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (London) Alderman A.T. Pil^e 1940, April, Vol. 18, No. 2, p. 105 A discussion of the duties of the local and central authorities in order that there may bo no overlapping or misunderstanding, 11 Proper perspectives offered to public on civil defense and such other duties as food control, fuel control and national registration.” Compulsory ARP service NEWS■CHR ONICLE (London) 1941, Jan. 1, No. 29, p* 1 A statement by Mr. Herbert Morrison, Minister of Home Security, that the British government has approved the principle of compulsion for Fire Parties which provides duties for everyone. Defense production - supoly problem THE EC ON Gill ST (London) 1939, April 29, Vol. 135, p, 244- Editorial considerations of the complications due to curtailment of power of Ministry of Supply. 151 Effect of the Government’s policy of decentralization THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London)’ 1939, March, Vol. 48, No. 2409, p. 713 Realization by the government of the importance of establishing an efficient ARP organization. New departmental policy to be adopted; decentral- ization stressed. Emergency Inquiry bureau THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Dec. 1, Vol. 157, No. 5052, p. 768 Questions from readers arising out of wartime difficulties and recent emergency legislation and answers on the following topics” problems of a bungalow and its site; public shelter in a street; compensation under civil defense act. Expediting sanction of expenditure THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sept. 15, Vol, 48, No. 2453, p. 2042 The whole procedure for sanctioning expenditure on the ARP projects in the West of Scotland speeded up since the outbreak of war, so that with regard to soundly based schemes, authorization can bo given almost ” on the spot*’ • Eire bomb fighters Queue up to fall in NEWS• CHRONIOLE (London)- 1941, Jan. 2, No. 29534, p. 5 Experience in Britain has shown that all citizens are willing and anxious to do their part in Home Decense, once a plan is worked out by the author- ities, and put into operation. First aid elans in air raids THE MUNICIPAL JOURNlTT(London) 1935, Sept. 20, Vol. 44, No. 2225, p. 1685 Complete organization of workers necessary. Fire departments require special training. Additional firemen must be provided for, A complete discus- sion of all phases of air raid precautions and plans that must be formulated to meet each phase of attack. The great unprepared F ORT NIGHTLY TLondon) Charlton, L.E.O. 1938, Oct. Vol. 150, p. 248 Mention is made of two volumes in particular 152 from tho pen of experts on the ARP problems which are involved. The one is Air Raid by J.L. Davies and the other ARP by J.B.S.Haldane. A brief resume is given of the contents of both books. Both writers agree on points relating to evacuation. The Helpmate of Whitehall THE MUNICIPAL JOHrlNAL (London) • 1940, Nov. 8, Vol• 49, No. 2493, p. 1423 When the government in carrying on tho war has found itself faced with a fresh problem which could not bo handed over entirely to the Service Department or those ministers responsible for tho economic conduct of the war, it has turned to the Local Authorities and delegated further powers to thorn. Home guard handbook (a review) THE BOOKSSllER (London) 1940, Aug, 15, No. 1811, p,l An encyclopedic1, of essential information for members of tho civil defense forces from recruit to section loader. Home guard plans for invasion NEW CHRONICLE'“(London! ’ 1941, Jan, 23, No. 29,552, p,l Outlines the plan of action of the Home Guard of Britain in case of invasion. Several plans have been formulated to cover any sort of inva- sion, the final decision to depend on the form the invasion takes. Lord of the blackout BRITISH NEWS AND VIEWS (London) 1940, June, No. 4, p. 1 uLord of the Blackout1’ is a quotation from the British press in which a slight criticism is made upon Sir Samuel Hoare, with a request to eliminate what the press regarded as certain unimportant features of ARP. The Municipal Year Book 1939 THE MUNICIPAL' 7ÜIÄTNAL (London) * 1939, Jan. 13, Vol. 48, No. 2398, p, 85 The new section of the Year Book deals with ARP and covers administrative memoranda, financial 153 statistics, and list of executive officers with their addresses and telephone numbers. National defense THE EC ONCMIST ‘(London) ' 1939, April 22, Vol. 135, p, 130 Editorial criticism of the state of progress of civil defense measures. Neighbors League has trained 27,000 fire fighters NEWS CHRONI OLE { London“] 1941, Jan. 25, No. 29,554, p. 5 When Anderson shelters were Issued in Leicester, some of the older people found it difficult to erect them. A citizen organized the youth of the town to help them. The movement was so success- ful that they decided to stay together. They now do any voluntary service that is required in ARP or defense work. New ARP headquarters THE MUNI Cl PAL'"JOURNAL (London) 1939, Feb. 24, Vol, 48, No, 2404, p. 431 The North-Western area headquarters of the Home Office APlP department has been moved from Liver- pool to Manchester, The move is due to strategic reasons and was influenced by Manchester’s more central position In the area of administration. Organizing for civil defense P OLITICS■IN REVIEW XLondon ) Anderson, Sir John 1939, Jan-Mar, Vol, 6, No, 1, pp. 3-11 The Minister of civil defense "discusses; (1) ARP department ; (2 ) .shelter policy; (3) regional commissioners functions; (4) evacuating and billeting,” (5) organization of food süpplies; (6) the citizen’s part,“ (7) the question of deep shelters. Organizing for wartime refugees THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London!“ 1939, March, Vol. 48, No. 2405,■ p, 475 The fundamental basis for the wartime organization of all the local ARP services is the sector and the group of sectors into which each is divided. Organization in advance would Insure the minimum of delay In time of emergency, and avoid congestion and confusion. 154 Organizing the home front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 19, Volt 49, No. 2477, p. 934 To compel farmers to increase crops; advise local authorities to establish day nurseries for children in order that mothers may engage in war work; details what lights may be shown on vehicles during air raids. Organizing the home front THE MUNICIPAL- JOURNAL ‘(London) 1940, Aug. 30, Vo!. 49, No. 2483, p, 1122 Discusses equipment of first aid posts injuries to personnel of civil defense and hospital services. The British scheme of compensation to injured members of civil defense forces. Organizing the home front THE MUNICIPAL“JOÜITNAr (“London ) 1940, Sept. 13, Vol. 49, No. 248.5 p. 1178 A discussion of leave from duty for civil defense workers; details of procedure for reporting un- exploded bombs; responsibility of ARP controller when unexploded bombs are reported. Organizing the home front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL iLondon) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol, 49, No. 2489 p, 1241 Discusses financial arrangement for training the the civil nurse reserve; casualty news by post- card is not sufficient; valid reasons for civil defense workers to leave the service. Lists hints to persons made homeless by raids. parliament; Bovin1s plans provoke doubts; Clem Davies ur ge s new government s't'ructuro CAVALCADE (London) 1941, Feb, 1, Vol. 3, No. 152, p. 5 A full and frank discussion by Parliamentarians on various topics including shelters, Inquix-y as to what proportion of brick shelters in Glasgow area are still without lights; without doors, without seats, with no sanitary accommodation. Deficiencies due to corporations’ difficulty in obtaining materials. 155 Parliament - members ask about pay of officers, the blackout, evacuation and chemists shops as shelters, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1959, October 6, Vol. 48, No, 2436, p. 2161 Responses of various government officials to parliamentary questions on several phases of the civil defense program. Points in connection with ARP casualty services PUBLIC HEALTH '(London! 1958, Vol. LII, No. 3, p, 58 This article deals with general considerations; administration of ARP first aid posts, emergency hospital arrangements,.protection of hospitals, stores and equipments, ambulance arrangements, ARP,personnel. Principles of design THE BUT. LDERTLoncTonT" 1939, Nov. 17, Vol. 157, No, 5050, p. 712 In the sixth of the series of A,A.S',T,A, lectures , Mr, B. Lubetkin proceeded to show that it would be fallacious to provide the same protection everywhere; states a rational ARP policy. Priority for ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1959, April 21, Vol,.48, No, 2412, p. 886 Local authorities in England, Wales and Scotland asked by Government to arrange that priority be given to civil defense matters over all other business for the next three months. Radio lessons for the man in the street NEWS' CHRONICLETLoncTon1 ‘ 1941, Jan, 27, No, 29,555, p, 5 A national campaign to teach the man-in-the-street how to fight the fire bomb is to be launched by the Minister of Home Security, 1,000,000 copies of a pamphlet dealing with fire bombs have been distributed to the people of England, Re-armanent policv reviewed POLITICS IN REVIEW (London) 1939, Jan «-Mar, Vol, 6, No, 2, pp, 58-60 Summary of• nWhite paper51 • Extracts on finance, navy, army, air force, and civil defense. 156 Relief to people made homeless by air raids: Hall Corporation’s scheme before the Minister of Health THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Oct. 20, Vol• 48, No. 2438, p. 2215 Covers three phases of work; the immediate reception and care of persons affected, the re- housing of such persons and the provision of feed- ing arrangements for them. School children in air raids the Municipal journal and local government adminis- TRAT OR (Lon d on) 1940, July, Vol. 49, No, 2477, p. 933 The regulations of the Board of Education govern- ing the handling of school children during air raids. Shelter and Exodus T HE EC ON OMI3T (London) 1939, May 13, Vol. 135, p. 358-359 Discussion of two methods of civilian protection, the relative merits and degrees of adaptability, the c onsequent prob1ems. Short and long term ARP policies THE MUNIClPAL JOURNAL (LondonJ 1939, March 24, Vol. 48, No, 2408, p. 691 Mr.Hamp discusses a short and long term program for ARP, He considers that the governments proposals for the short term policy are sufficient, although the long term policy is still very in- complete o Some aspects of ARP precautions IRON AND COAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1938, Oct, 7, Vol. 87, No. 3682, pp. 537-572 An address delivered before the National Associa- tion of Colliery Managers on Sept, 21, 1938, deal- ing with various aspects of ARP with particular reference to shelter ventilation, food supply, lighting, sanitation, gas and communication. Some defects of ARP organization; candid comments upon 'officers and aHministration THE MÜNlCI PAL” JOURNAL' ( London) 1939, July 26, Vol. 48, No. 2426, p, 1701 Extracts from a paper by Col, G.M.Routh contributed to the proceedings of the Air Raid protection Institute of London, A plea for an adequate national plan for meeting the air menace. 157 Stand Firm NEWS- WEEK "(New York) 1941, June 2, Vol. 17, No. 22, p, 27 British get invasion orders; home front weakness- es aired. Instructions to Air raid precautions workers and Civil Defense Service on what to do in case of invasion of British. Supply problem THE ECONOMIST (London) 1939, April 29, Vol. 135, p. 244 Editorial considerations of complications due to curtailment of power of Ministry of Supply. ;ar and rural Britain nRIIÄTTT TöSNY (London) 1940, July 5, No. 31, p. 1 An outline of plans made and precautions taken in rural England for defense against air raids and especially precautions against an invasion by parachute troops. The war on the home front LABOUR MONTHLY' TLondon) 1939, November, Vol, 21, No, 11, pp. 655-665 A review of tho various phases of British life since the beginning of the war with special reforoneo to the economic and social gains made. Reference in a general way is made to ARP and ARP workers in various branches of industry such as arras factories. Youth service corps JUSTICE OF THE'PEACE (London) 1941, March 22, Vol. 1C5, p.168 Organization of youth for training and service in ARP work. ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN, Local Air raid precaution reforms in Dundee (Civil Defense news'] MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, April 4, Vol. 49, No. 2514, p. 409 Liability for filling in bomb craters. Light colored houses in blackout. Civil defense and education in Cornwall. Communal feeding in Sheffield. 158 Air raid precautions at Collieries THE COLLiMY' GUARDIAN {London) " 1939, May 12, Vol. 158*2, No, 4089, p. 852 ARP organization to be done in peace time» choos- ing individuals for certain jobs, training men in anti-gas and decontamination services, rescue work, fire-fighting. Air raid shelter progress Tits MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, March 21, Vol, 49, No, 2512, p. 359 Improvement of school shelters in Lincoln” opposition to communal shelters in Bridgewater, Scheme for waterproofing and heating shelters in Edinburg, Restricted'use of tunnel shelters in Ramsagate, Some suggestions on Civil Defense, ARP co-ordination in London METROPOLITAN JOURNAL TTondon) 1959, January 20,Vol, 48, No. 2399, p, 141 Co-ordinating the organization of air raid pre- cautions service in the Metropolis, ARP in a London borough THE MUNICIPAL ~JOURNAL“TLondon) 1939, Peb. 3, Vol. 48, No. 2401, p. 203 ARP and government•cooperation, ARP organization in Lanscashire THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) ' 1939, May 19, Vol. 48, No. 2416, p, 1145 Summary of the report of the chairman of the County AR P c omrni 11 o e, Covers r eg i on a 1 ar r an ge mo n t s , stores, communications, repair squads. ARP organization in London THE MÜHT Cl 3? Aliv JOURNAL “(L ond on) 1939, Feb. 10, Vol. 48, No. 2402, p. 314 Relationship between the Lord Privy Seal and the Metropolitan Borough Standing Joint Committee on AR? organization, ARP safeguards. Removal of children from London TILES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1938, Oct. No. 1224 A precautionary measure taken in recent crisis in the education service. 20,000 teachers and 500,000 children prepared to move on receipt. 159 of a coded message. Billeting arrangements entrusted by the home office to the authorities in those areas to which the children were being sent • ARP service news THE MÜNI Cl PAL JOURNAL (London) 1959, May 12, Vol. 48, No. 2415, p, 1082' progress of ARP program at Eastburne, Stret- ford, Worcester and Newcastle. ARP s ervlc e news THE MUNICIPAL” JOURNAL (London) 1939, .May 19, V.ol. 48, No. 2415, p. 1142 Progress of the ARP programs at Manchester, Richmond, Bristol and Coventry, ARP structures THE BUILDSR (London) Cowney, C.N. 1940, March 8, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5066, p. 306 A description of an ARP cleansing station; ground plan, construction, services and cost. Diagrams and Illustrations. The battle of London BRITAIN TODAY XL on cl on) 1940, Oct. 4, No. 37, p, 1 The effect of air raid bombardment on the people of London, an outline of the training of air raid wardens and the precautions taken to reduce air raid casualties to a minimum. Civil defense committees . THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL ' (London) 1939, May 12, Vol. 43, No. ..2415, p. 10o9 Notes circular issued to local authorities by the ARP Department and the Home Office urging formation of local organizations on the basis of existing joint organization of constructional trades. Civil defense front 1?KE '\mWcT?FL- JOURNAL (London) 1941, Feb. 14, Vol. 49, No, 2507, p. 188 A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of tunnel shelters, A scheme in the city of Hereford for harnessing natural- sources of water for fire fighting after air raids. Repairs to roads damaged by bombs. Tours of duty of fire fighting services. 160 Civil defense front nows THE MUNICIPAL JOURNATTTLondon) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. 49, No. 2487, p. 1236 Bristol’s air raid precautions committee decision to make advances to private home owners. How Birmingham meets intensified air raid problems. General principle that main protection should be in the home and public shelters used only for passers-by. Civil defense works in Leeds THE BUILDER (London)'" Cameron, W.S•' 1940, Feb. 16, Vol, CLVIII, No, 5063, p, 219 Problems of accommodation in public air raid shelters, domestic shelters; air raid warden’s posts, protection of civic buildings. County councils ARP problems; modical officers’ difficult nos it ion, ’ THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'(London) 1939, June 9, Vol, 48, No, 2419, p. 1292 Defensive measures necessary in county areas encountered in the organization of the work of Me di cal Off i c ers. Derbyshire complains about ARP policy THE MUNIClPAL JOURNAL (London)" 1939, January 27, Vol, 48, No. 2400, p. 213 A report submitted to Derbyshire County Council. Whitehall’s policy. Experience of evacuation in a county reception area PUBLIC HEALTH (London) ~ Brothwood, W.C.V. 1940, March,Vol, LIII, No. 6, pp. 125-129 The manner of reception at detraining points and how they vary. Unaccompanied children. Mothers and young children. Expectant mothers - hospital ac c ommodati on. Furniture and clothes to be insured free against b omb s NEWS CHRONICLE (London) 1941 Peb. 26, No. 29,581 p, 6 Outlines the British Gout’s scheme for the insurance of chattels against air raid bomb damage. , . r Future of ARP in London THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Jan. lo, Vol. 48, No. 2328, p, 88 The Metropolitan Borough’s Standing Joint 161 Committee recommondos certain matters relating to air raid precautions bo organized by a Government Department with a Minister in charge. Gaps in ARP THE MUNICIPAL’ JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 21, Vol, 48, No, 2425, p. 1648 Dissatisfaction expressed concerning the inadequacy of Government arrangements with local authorities for defense against air raids. Hints for the Home Guard (book review) THE B0OKSELIJER“(LÖndon)“ F i t z williams, Li out-C olone1 1940, Aug. 15, No, 1811, p. 1 A guide to the problems and duties of civil defense workers. Includes instructions on the manner of dealing with the enemy; troops landing from air; defense of villages and other subjects pertinent to home guard work. How Bristol tackled two urgent ARP problems TEE MUNICIPAL JOiJRNATTTLondon') 1940, Sept. 20, Vol, 49, No, 2486 Diącusses problem of being unable to get full time ARP workers due to fact that Important war work has used all surplus workers. Solution sought in consolidating city ARP and industrial ARP work. This force takes care of both civil and Indus trial work. Latest news of ARP service Home office and Ipswich*s plans ... • . THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 10, Vol. 48, No. 2406, p, 358 Private efforts made by local firms and residents to secure and provide protection. Scheme to provide air raid shelters for all in the borough unable to provide suitable accommodations, (1) Underground car park and ARP shelter; (2) a tunnel in Alexander park; (3)a shelter on the housing site in Whopstead Road. Leyton Police Station THT”BÜI lMITT LoncTönT“ 1941, Jan. 3, Vol. GLX, No. 5109, p. 6 Relates rebuilding programme of the Metropolitan Police. Discusses Leyton Police Station in which provisions have been made for necessary station 162 stores, ARP rooms, boiler houses and other protective equipment. Liverpool replacing damp shelters; Brighton’s special warning system HIE Minuet PAL-JOURNAL (London) 1941, Feb. 28, Vol. 49, Wo. 2509, p. 250 The replacement of one hundred and ten brick arch shelters in Liverpool on account of dampness and the danger to health. Comments on special air raid warning systems in the cities of Brighton and Cove, Local authorities and ARP THE ECONOMIST' (LoncTon) 1940, Oct. 25, Vol. 0XXXIX, No. 5070, p. 517 The estab 1 isliment of an efficient system of civil defense, and the division of responsibility and of finance between the central and local authori- ties. Local authorities and civil defense act THE MUNICIPAL- JOURNAL "(London) 1939, Aug. 18, Vol, 48, No. 2429, p. 1849 Summary of circular issued by Sir John Anderson, Lord. Privy Seal, giving advice to local authori- ties in relation to the Civil Defense Act. Con- cerned largely with air raid shelters. Local authorities in wartime THE MUNICIPAL JOURML(London) 1939, March 10, Vol. 48, No, 2406, p, 545 Conflict in authority between local and regional bodies brought about by emergency regulations, London re-born BRIT AI irr OD AY (L ond on) 1940, Nov. 29, No, 41, p. 8 An outline of civil defense measures of London» covering the organization of air raid precautions services; the new army of civil defense workers; recognition by the King of the George Cross (a decoration for civil defense on a par with the Victoria Gross); functioning of fire brigades; evacuation of women and children; organization of class barriers by association in air raid shelters. 163 Manchester’s criticism of government personnel pr opos als THE ’MUNICIPAL JOURNAL’ (London) 1939, Doe. 8, Vol• 48, No, 2445, p. 2470 The Emergency Committee of the Manchester City Council’s objections to views expressed in ARP Department Circular No* 275/1939 on personnel organization* Pull and part-time workers and ARP. Municipal Corporations and ARP THE MUNICl FAIT JOURNAL' (London! 1939, May 19, Vol. 48, No, 2416, p. 1147 Summary of the discussion at the Sixty-Third Annual Mooting of the Association of Municipal Corporations led by the Rt. Hon. the Earl of Derby. N.AoL.G.O. ln‘ conference . THE MUNICIPAL JÖIJRNAL (To nr! on) 1939, Juno, Vol. 48, No. 2418, p, 1221 Report on the Twenty-Second Annual Conference of the National Association of Local Government Officers, Civil defense work from the adminis- trative point of view. Nows from the civil defense front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL-(London) • 1940, Oct 18, Vol. 49, No. 2491, p. 1327 Comments on progress of schemes for air raid protection at Nottingham, Manchester, Newport and Reading. Necessity of disinfecting constant- ly" used air raid shelters, A system of cen- tralizes! air raid warnings in the city of Mother- well, Notes and c ommcnt s THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) • 1941, Jan. 3, Vol. 49, No, 2501, p, 250 A discussion of local governments in England during 194.0, a complete year under war time conditions. An outline of civil defenses; air raid shelters; relief for air victims, the evacuation scheme from cities to rural areas. Our own policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sopt. 15, Vol. 48, No. 2433, p, 2033 Plans for mooting increased responsibility" which w oul d do vol vo unon Ideal authorltMe-s in the ovont of a national emergency. Parachutes over Britain (hook review) THE " BOOKSELLER TTöncIön) Davies, John Langdon 1940, July 21, No. 1807, p. 5 Eow England may be invaded. The menace of the Fifth Column; the parachutists; the basis of successful defense; a nation of observers; street defense. Recommended reading for local defense workers. The role of British cities in defense of Britain TOSTEM CITY TLos7 Angeles]" ' ~ 19U, Hay, Yol. 17, No. 5, p. 15 An address by the Rt. Hon. Malcolm MacDonald before the annual conference of the Canadian Federation of Mayors on civil defense and air raid precautions in the major cities of Britain. A picture of just what happens during and after an air raid. Sheffield’s Readiness The municipal Journal (London) 1939, Sept, 15, Yol. AS, No. 2433, p. 2042. Sheffield’s preparedness program: the allocation of a number of air raid wardens; rescue and decontam- ination depots; vehicles for ambulances purposes; feeding centers for the homeless. To the Midlands THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 24, Yol. 48, No. 2408, p. 680 Protection for central and divisional report centers, fire stations, certain first aid posts, hospitals, telephone buildings and City Analysis laboratory. During last September protective measures included sand-bagging and screening of windows. Uniformity in London THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 10, Yol. 48, No. 2406, p. 539 The Metropolitan Boroughs’ standing joint committee and London county council urged to take prompt measures to secure greater uniformity in London air raid precautions schemes and closer co-operation between Borough and the Council for the protection of London. 165 Wakefield’s ARP exercises THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL Hendon) 1939, Feb. 17, Vol. 48, No. 2403, p. 383 Wing-Commander E.J. Hodsoil, Inspector General of Home Office ARP, relates his experience at Wakefield inspection of full scale ARP exercises. Wartime bathing; Wigan’s protection for bathers BATHS AND BATH ENGINEERING (London) 1940, Sept-Oct, Vol. 7, p. 72 ARP measures at a public bathing establishment include shelters, protection and blacking out of glass ceiling and a decontamination station. Wartime rating problems ThUIvMICIPAL' JOURNAL '(London) 1940, -Nov. 8, Vol. 49, No. 2493, p. 1423 The government to aid those local authorities in certain coastal and defense areas which have been financially hard-hit by circumstances directly attributable to the war. Warwickshire ARP guide THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 26, Vol. 48, N0. 2417, p. 1205 Guide to the Civil Defense Services of the County of Warwick. Designed to serve as handbook for civil defense workers of that area and to apprise the public of the work done for their protection. Women’. Organize THE ENGLISH SPEAKING WORLD (London) 1941, April, Vol. 23, No. 4, p. 113 Contrasts the conduct of British civilians during air raids and Americans during the New England hurricane. Suggests instructions to all to avoid panic and hysterical action when attack comes. Organization beforehand will take care of the situation. ORGANIZATION - GREECE Symposium on anti-aircraft protection in Greece in cl ud ing f o ll owing a c t i vi t y (defense ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW 1939, January, Vol. 85, Ko. 1, pp. 50-56 166 ORGANIZATION - HONGKONG Wartime Hongkong PHILIPPINE MAGAZINE 1941, March, Vol. 38, No. 3 (395) p. 114-5 Abnormal conditions brought about approaching war. How a city fares under over-population; rising cost of living; enforcement of wartime defense measures; abnormal development of consumption business. ORGANIZATION - INTERNATIONAL - CO-OPERATIVE The bombing menace and a way out THE ROUND TAELS (London! 1937-38, Deo. Vol. 28, p. 330 Discussion of a general international agreement to prevent or restrict aerial bombardment of civilian population; active and passive defense with particular reference to the importance of construction of shelters; bomber squadrons as a method of repelling the enemy. La protection de la population civile a la conference Je^T*International Association, Aout, I93BT Rapport du Comite pour la protection des populations civiles contrę’ les nouveaux engins de guerre (Protection of civilian population and the International Law Association at Amsterdam, August, 1938. Report of Committee on protection of civilian populations against the new war machines) REVUE GENERALS DU DROIT AERIEN (General Review of Aerial Law) 1939, April-May-June, Vol. B, pp. 313-381. La protection des populations civiles a la Soclete des Nations [Unofficial agreements of the League of Nations on civilian defense) REVUE GENERALS DU DROIT AERIEN 1939, lan-Feb.-Mar. Vol. B, pp. 121-16? ORGANIZATION - ITALY Difesa contraerea contro attaco in picchiata (Defense against aerial attacks'Y RIV1STA AERONAUTICA (Italy) 1939, Feb. Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 345-352 Pifesa contro aerei siluranti (Defense against aerial torpedo-craft RIVISTA AERONAUT*!CA (Italy) 1939, April Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 8?-97 Let us turn our thoughts to self defense L'ALA D'ITALIA (Italy) 1939, Sept. 16, Vol. 17, No. 18, pp. 15-19 ORGANIZATION - LABOR Compulsion quickly for some labor NEWS CHRONICLE (London)"' 1941, Ian. 27, No. 29,555, p. 6 It has become necessary in"Britain to conscript certain kinds of labor to speed up the war effort. Mr. Ernest Bevin discusses Labor’s re- lation to national service including voluntary home defense work. ORGANIZATION - PALESTINE Rifle and hoe in Palestine FORTNIGHTLY iLondonJ Price, Willard 1938, July-Dee. Vol. CXLIV, pp. 444-453 Palestine farmers cultivating by day and fighting by night. ORGANIZATION - PANAMA Panama air defense OFFICER (Washington, D.C.) 1940, Feh. Vol. XVII. No. 2, p. 14 Steps to tighten the defense of the Panama Canal by setting up an air defense warning net work reaching into the interior of Panama, ORGANIZATION - POLAND Local anti-air raid^def P. L, • 1934, Vol. 9, PP. 56-63 General description of defense warfare taken in Poland. ORGANIZATION - ROUMANIA Organ!zation of -passive defense in Roumania VESTNIK PR0TIVOZDUSUN01 OBORONY (Moscow) C. 1934, Vol. 10, p. 53 Short article on civilian defense. ORGANIZATION - SPAIN Luftangriffe, bauwerke und luftschütz in Barcelona (Air raid, constructional work and aerial protection in Barcelona) DEUTSCHE BAUZEITUNG (German -Builders-Newspaper) 1939, March 29, pp. 279-284 ORGANIZATION - SWITZERLAND Der zivile luftschütz in der Schweiz (The Civil defense in Switzerland! DIE SIRENE (The Siren) 1939, May, No. 10, p. 259 Schweizerische Bautzeitung DEUTSCHE“ BAUŻEITÜNÜ~Töerman- Builders-Newspaper) 1937, Aug. 14, Vol. 110, N0. 7, pp. 68-72 ORGANIZATION - U.S.S.R Passive defense of towns on the sea-shores VESTNIK PROTIVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) A.C. 1934, Vol. 10, pp. 48-50. Diagrams. Preparatory organization of local civilian ant1- aircraft defense VESTNIK PHOTIVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1937, No. 9, pp. 10-37 A study of all phases of the education and preparation of the civilian population for ’defense. Sawjet-russische ansichten über dąs zusammen wurken zwischen flakarti11erle und .Tagfliegern (Soviet Russia’s views on combining the anti-aircraft artillery and the fighter aeroplane; MILITÄR -WOCHENBLATT (Weekly Record) 1939, Sept. 15, Vol. 124, Col. 740-2 169 ORGANIZATION - U.S.A. Aircraft warning service tests COAST ART I Lt i THY I OÜM.AL (tTasETn g ton, D.C.) 1940, December, Vol, S3, No. 6, pp. 530-536 Experiments conducted in aircraft warnings service. The relative Importance of types of agencies available in different areas. Testing rangers and C.C.C. boys to render reports by means of forestry telephones. Xi-ow maps are used. How messages are sent to different areas. How railroads are warned. Air raid damage AMERICAN GAS JOURNAL Dickson, D.L. 1941, Eeb. Vol. 154, p. 33—34 (reprinted from Gas Times, 1940, Dec, 14) A gas engineer produces a plan for organization and preparation to meet any emergencies caused by raids. Air raid protection studied for Nationr s seaboard cTties NEWSWEEK (Dayton, Ohio) 1941, Ian. 2?, Vol. XVII, p. 31-2 Boston, Los Angeles and New York prepare for possible air raids. Plan for shelters, blackout, civilian fighting units. Air warfare and the cities ARMY ORDNAMClTTWashington, D.C.) 1940, Nov,-Dec. Yol. XXI, No, 123, p. 237 The means of defense against air attack usually are grouped in two general categories; active and passive. The active means of defense comprise the Instrumentalities in their approximate order of relative importance. The passive means of air defense are designed to minimize the possible effects of air attack. America and total war (book review) INFANTRY JOURNAL (Washington, D.C.) Pratt, Fletcher 1941, Hay, Vol. XLVIII, No. 5, p. 70 Various phases of total war as it would effect America, including sabotage, civil defense against air raids, defense against breaking down morale. How to organize and conduct these defenses; comparison of our problems with those of other .. nations. 170 Balloons for * cities NEWSWEEK • . ’ 19U, Fefc, 24, Yol.; 17, • p. 38 *: : U.S. Army considers use of balloon barrages similar to those of London!' for American cities. Bombproofing U. 5. ; advice given plant builders; shelters for civilians studied NEWSWEEK " , ’ 1940, Oct. 7.» Yol. 16, p. 35* Illustrations . War department advises bombproof ing o.f U.S. defense plants. U.S. Housing Authority studies pill-box concrete -.shelters. Bomb sheIters_ as recreation rooms Odd, Albert 1940, November, Yol. 4, No. 1, p. 7 Transformation of cellars in. private homes into comfortable Air raid shelters. Building of shelters in all new homes and buildings. Provision for strong shelters -for homeless people. , Broad civilian defense setup gears nation to arms pro gr am (La Guardia outlines plans to give millions active roles in new volunteer army) NEWSWEEK 1941, June 2, Yol. 17, No. 22, p. 3P A discussion of the civil defense program to be carried out during-the National Emergency. Civil air defense (book review) INFANTRY JOURNAL (Washington, D.C.) Prentiss, A.M. Lt. Col. 1941, May, Yol. XLVIII, No, 5, pi 71 A recent war department release on matters deal- ing with air defense for cities and towns. Lists some.British*and Canadian publications. Covers all phases of civil air defense. Civil air defense (book review) ARMY -AND■ NAVY REGISTER (Washington, D.C.) Prentiss, A,M. Lt. Col. 1941, May 31, Yol.,62, No. 3208, p. 23 A treatise on the protection of the civil popu- lation against air attack*. Describes the various means and methods of air attack and the effects produced by each. Discusses the detailed pro- tection against each form of attack. 171 Committee on economic defense AMeMÖAW CÜITNCIL ÖN PUBLIC AFFAIRS (Washington, D.C.) 1940, 15pp. Construction meets defense demands Woodruff, William E, 1941, Ian, Vol. XXIII, No. 1, pp. 24-26 Some major national defense developments. Aids to nations under attack to require additional construction. Office of production management given power to act in defense matters. Defense against night bombing SMT D.G.) 1940, Inly-Aug. Vol. XXI, No. 121, BBpp The problem of stopping the high speed airplane is reviewed in this article. Discusses the problems and difficulties of defense against night bombing. Contains a map showing London’s defense with balloon barrages and anti-aircraft guns. If the bombers should come THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE D own e y, Fai r fax 1941, Ian. Vol. 1, No. 51, p. 6 Using the present world conflict as a background the author gives a hypothetical description of events that could happen in this country in case of armed conflict with some foreign country. ARP in England also discussed. Localized defense BUSINESS WEEK (Altany, New York) 1940, Dec. 21, No. 590, p. 18 New division is directing volunteer enthusiasm into a solution of problems like housing and fire protection. Letters: re: raid shelters YANKEE PILOT '(Hilton, Hass) DeVries, Harold 1940, Nov. Vol. 3, No. 11, p. 5 The organization of a bureau to give assistance and advice to citizens planning air raid shelters. Its services will be at the disposal of the local and Federal Government. Mobilizing civilian America (book review) FOREIGN AFFAIRS (New' York) Tobin, Harold J. and Bidwell, Percy W. 1941, Ian. Vol. 19, No. 2, p, 3 The broad general background of civilian 172 mobilisation in America in terms a non- technical reader can understand. Mobilizing a democracy MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Armstrong, Floyd E. 1940, November, Vol. 62, No. 11, p, 818-819 Outline for mobilization of the nation’s resources and their operation for war purposes. National defense,a program of studies JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MILITARY INSTITUTE (Washing- ton, D.C.) 1940, Winter, Vol, IV, No. 4, p, 199 The following specific topics are discussed; the role of the military service in a democracy; the concept of Hemispheric defense; the strategic position of the United States in the Par East; civilian control of military policy, etc. Northern California Aircraft Warning Service COAST ARTILLERY 'JOURNAL (Washington, dTgT) Hickey, D.W. Major 1940, March-April, Vol. 85, No, 2, pp, 155-159 How a great aircraft warning system was organized. How the tests were made and accepted, and what was learned from thorn. The organization of the work of the anti-aircraft defense of the civil population VESTNIK PR OTIVOSDUSHN 01~0B0RÓNY (Moscow) Khamills, T. 1931, .Vol, X-XI, po. 29-51 ‘ Defense of rural and urban concentrations of populations, HI for invasion AIR TRAILS “(Now'’York) " Wood, Lieut. W.M, 1940, Nov*. Vol. XV, No, 3, p. 10 An army officer discusses the possibility of Invasion, the possibilities and limitations of European powers regarding invasions of the western hemisphere* Offers plans for defense agaInst invasion, Report presented to the president COUNCIL OF NATIONAl MFETTsI 1940, Jan, 16, 6pp, 173 Sky Mapping*s defense role WESTERN FLYING- (Tos Angeles, Calif.) Birt, Darling 1941, March, Vol. 21, No. 3, p, 21 The aeri/al mapping of International boundaries of the United States, Mexico, entire Island of Puerto Rico and strategic points throughout the West Indies and along the Canadian border vital to our National defense of tomorrow. The Society and civilian protection CTTlITllNGINl CTlNCTTS * ist cnVTaTT Blnger, Walter D. 1941, April, Vol. 11, No. 4 p. 251 Explains the organization of the Society* s National Com ilttee on civilian protection in wartime. Stresses the knowledge of air raid protection ascertained through newspaper articles and photographs of. German blitzkrieg on England. States organizing home guards to sub for troops called out NEWsWEir~ 1940, Oct, 21, Vol, 16, p, 30, Illustrations Many states plan Home Guard units to replace National Guard units being called for Federal service. Streamlined preparedness ARMY ORDNANCE (Washington, D.C.) Walsh, James, L. Col. 1940, Sept.-Oct. Vol. 21, No. 122, p. 125 Wings for the Trojan Horse FOREIGN AFMlPdTTtöw York! 1941, Jan. Vol, 19, Nov 2, p. 347 A factual discussion* of foreign penetration into the western hemisphere, and how the Home Front must bo organized to combat it. PERIODICALS Air Raid Defense League (Bulletin) London, 1939 ARP and APS Review, London, Lansborough Publishing Co, ARP Nows, 19 Mincing Lane, Blackburn Fire Protection and Air Precautions Review , London, Lomax, Erskino Co,, bi-monthly. 174 First Aid, London, Dale, Reynolds Co.,'Ltd. Devoted to the ambulance, first aid, and ARP services, Journal of the Air Raid Protection Institute, London, Milbank House - bimonthly Wardens' News,London, National Association of Air raid wardens, bimonthlv. j o ■ PERSONNEL Air raid shelters- the medical services JOURNAL OP THE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE (London) Gunn, William 1938, July, Vol. 59, No. 1, pp, 82-90 Personneli first aid posts• size of first aid postal equipment. Discussions, ARP recruiting campaign THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 19, Vol. 48, No. 2416, p, 1106 A plan to stimulate the recruiting of workers for civil defense in London. ARP wardens and their troubles THE MUNICIPAL'JOURNAL (London) 1939, Aug. 13, Vol. 48, No. 2429, p. 1874 Summary cf a bulletin issued by the Air Raid Defense League discussing the problems and probable, future of the warden system. ARP warden1s warning signals THE ELSG'TRIGIillTTT^ondcnTj 1940, Sept. 6, Vol. 125, No, 10, llpp A general review of the different" systems in operation in England during air raids and a specific description of the ARP wardens' warning signals, such as the signals for calling fire and ambulance services, police and other ARP workers, British women in wartime BRITAIN TODAY TLomDon) 1940, March 29, No, 24 The employment of women in Britain's civil defense is outlined covering air raid precautions work, stresses the importance of women workers in any and all employment except actual 175 combatant services,, women are attached to the combat units to perform non-combatant duties Firemen and electric shock THE ELECTRIC IAN TLondonT” 1940, Sent, 6, Vol. 125, No. 10, llpp A discussion of the risks which firemen and air raid wardens face when called to enter buildings before currents are cut off• Discussion by the writer of the means to eliminate this risk Gtenehminto neue luftschutz gerate (New app1iances suTtabTe~Tor aerial defensel DEUTSCHE BAUZEITUNG (German Builders Newspaper) 1939, March 29, Vol. 73, p. 290 The Home Guard THE SPECTATOR (London) 1940, July 19, No. 5847, p. 57 An analysis of the work done by the Home Guard and the effactivity of the various services per- formed 'by it. Special attention is devoted to the work of the ARP. Local defense volunteers BRITAIN TODAY York City) 1940, Aug, 9, No, 3, 16pp A description of the duties and responsibilities of those'who have volunteered their services in the interest of British local communities; special emphasis on their work during air raids. Management in the' war BUSINESS(London! 1941, Jan. Vol, LXXI, No,.l, p. 11 Intensified black-out work requires reorganiza- tion of ARP staff work, Nati ona1 service hampe r e d THE lOTTC I PAL JOURNAL '(London) 1939, March 10, Vol, 48, No. 2406, p. 546 The Lord Privy Seal claims that the ARP Depart- ment has made much progress, denying reports that recruiting for National Service has been 1 allure, and expresses confidence that the forthcoming appeal" will produce satisfactory response.Though the number of volunteers in the ARP service is 1,250,000,there are deficiencies in particular localities and for particular services. 176 Personnel of first aid posts and mobile units; arrangements for reporting for duty .JUSTICE OF TEE PEACE (London) 1940, August 17, Vol. 104, p. 457 Doctors should not be required to report to their posts until the district has been actually raided. Personnel requirements for air raid general and fire precaution services, and the police service GREAT BRITAIN HOME OFIRIGETARP Department) Memorandum No. 7, (1st edition) 1938, pp. 1-11 A short summary of the personnel requirements of local authority in connection with its air raid general and fire precautions scheme. Part 1 gen- eral air raid precaution services; part 2 precau- tion services; part 3 supplementary police re- quirements . Problems of ARP personnel; criticisms at air raid pro tecTTon institute meeting. THE MUNICIPAL• JOURNAL*' (London) 1939, Oct. 13, Vol, 48, No. 2437, p. 2183 Summary of proceedings of the Air Raid Protection Institute, Discussion led by G.M. Routh. The tone of the speeches was outspokenly critical of current practices. Recreation in civil defense THE MUNICIPAL IOURNAL [Lon(Ton) 1939, Dec. 15, Vol. 43, No. 2446, p. 2490 The program at Stoke Newington includes indoor game materials at ARP depots, a weekly public entertainment, and the publication of a weekly magazine as a means of sustaining personnel morale. Recruiting for ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, January 13, Vol. 43, No. 2398, p. 72 An analysis of a series of tables for guidance in recruiting personnel for ARP voluntary ser- vices. The tables show the number of personnel which should form the war establishment of the respective ARP services. Recruiting the ARP service THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Feb. 3, Vol. 48, No. 2401, p. 243 Avoidance of delay in dealing with offers of 177 service in air raid precautions, is important according to Sir John Anderson, Lord Privy oea1. Secret ARP decree : THE DAILY MAIL (London) 1941, March 7, No. 13, p. 3, col. 1 The Home Secretary reveals in the House of that in some areas,compulsory enrollment of fire watches has been reported. Under regulation 2?L the local authorities were responsible^for arranging enrollment and steps were being taken accordingly. - The war at home - the civil defense services MULISH SPEAKING WORLD (London) 1941, March, Vol. XXIII, No. 3, p. 8 3 Pictures This article retails various, incidents occurrences of war at home*, the organization, training and duties of Britain’s Civil Defense Army. The larger part of volunteers are women essentially in the casualty service. Women in War THE SPECTATOR (London) 1941, March 28, No. 5883, p. 336 . , . A discussion and outline of the many tilings being done by the Women of Britain in Air Raid Precaution and Home Defense Work. PERSONNEL -TRAINING -GREAT BRITAIN Anti-gas - training- • , . THITMMTCTPAI7 JOURNAL (London) 1939, March, Vol. 48, No. 2409, p. 730 A circular has been issued to local authorities containing revised and shortened syllabuses lor anti-gas training of ARP personnel. The^revised edition Includes syllabuses of training in incendiary bomb control and elementary protection against high explosive bombs together with maximum fees to be paid to instructors, ARP in industry THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'(London) 1939, May 12, Vol. 48, No. 2415, p. 1039 . Describes courses offered at the ARP school in London for persons responsible for ARP schemes and services in industrial establishments. 178 ARP in large works THE ELECTRICAL•REVIEW (London) 1959, April 21, Vol. 24, No. 3204, p. 568 Details of a comprehensive scheme of air raid precautions instituted at Prescot and HeIsby Fact ori e s, Casualty; training, organization and administration of” civil defense casualty services' JOURNAL OF" THE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE (London) 1941, Jan. Vol. LXI, No, 3 (supplement) p. 37 A discussion of personnel and equipments (l)general aspects of ARP; (2) describes the organization of the present civil defense casualty services, and 11mproved scheme1; (3) a dmi nis t ra11on of thes e services, Civil defenders THE SC ONOMIST TLondon) 1940, Fob, 17, Vol. 138, No. 5034, p. 285-286 Hovif two million people (civil defenders) were trained and organized to furnish protection for the civilian population. H orno gu a r d t r a i n i n g THDTBOOIySEI.LSR (London) 1940, Aug. 29, No. 1813 • Covers weapon training, map reading, field signals, outposts, defense of localities,patrols, etc. New air training scheme is open to boys IT'EdS^HROl^'CTlTTLomTönT ~ ” 1941, Jan. 10, No. 29,541, p. 6 Education help for likely pilots,8 announcement in Britain-of a national scheme open to 700,000 boys aged 16, for pre-training and education to prepare them for entry into the Air Service. New ARP schools THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, April 7, Vol, 48, No, 2410, p, 764 Outline of plan for government schools for the training of ARP workers. 179 New ARP training syllabuses THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 28, Vol. 48, No. 2426, p. 1695 Notes publication of ARP circular No. 140/1939 H.M. Stationery Office) containing revised syllabuses for local ARP training instructors' and for the training of ARP personnel, police, and the public in elementary methods of protection against high explosive and incendiary bombs. Nottinghamshire County Council’s Preparation THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (Londoll] 1939, Feb. 24, Vol. 48, No. 2404, p. 419 Approximately 11,284 persons were enrolled for ARP services and 6,997 of them are either trained or undergoing training. The Home Office to supply 500 steel stretchers for the use of the County Council. Arrangements made for the distribution of stretchers to the several county districts on the basis of three for each first aid party. Training of air raid wardens THE TTDNTcTPAL T0ÜRNlL“TIondon) 1939, Feb. 10, Vol. 48, No. 2402, p. 298 The home office of the ARP publishes a detailed syllabus for the training of air raid wardens Training of air raid wardens üIEsAlF BRITAIN HOilE OFFICE (ÜRP Department) London, H.M. Stationery Office 1939, p. 1-11 Individual and collective training of air raid wardens; the choice of instructors; a syllabus on training. War Minister dlscloses big scale anti-invasion (London) • 1941, March 7, No. 29,589, p. 6 A practice invasion conducted by the British army, and the details of the plan worked out to defeat it by the Civil Defense forces. Wartime building practice Butler, R. Cotterell 1940, Nerch 29, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5069, p. 384 A discussion of the social service unit for 180 emergency communities and the general require- ments. The social needs of a wartime community may be grouped under five main headings: recreation, food supply, medical services, education, and ARP services. Wartime building practice THE “BUILDER ITondonJ 1940, April 12, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5071, p. 441 Social service units for emergency consideration. Diagrams, illustrations. A discussion of facili- ties, requirements, location, synthesis, etc. PERSONNEL - TRAINING - GERMANY Dor "luftschutzerlass” im unterricht (The "aerial- protection order" in class instructions. LUFTFAHRT UND SCHULE (Aviation and School) Sellien von, Ewald 1939, Vol. 5, pp. 21-24 Die Vorbereitung, durchfuhrung und auswertung von f1iegeralarmubungen an den höheren und mittleren schulen in Hannover (The preparation, the accomplishments, the evaluation of the air craft alarm training at the superior and average schools of Hanover G-ermany. ) LUFTFAHRT UND SCHULE (Aviation and School) 1939, Vol. 4, pp. 292-294 Eine luftschutzschule, wie sie sein soll (An aerial defense school, and how it should be) DIE SIRENS (The Siren) 1939, July, No. 14, pp. 366-369 So sieht eine luftschutzschule aus I (This is what an aerial defense school looks like) DIE SIRENE (The Siren) Zurbon von, Gruppenführer 1939, Jan. No. 2, pp. 35,36,51 So wurde Schwedens luft schut z (That is how Sweden’s aerial defense was created) DIE SIRENE (The Siren) 1939, April, No. 7, p. 195-196 PERSONNEL, VOLUNTEER ARP and the citizen TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 193S, March 19, p. e An appeal for volunteers for the air raid 181 precautions service. At least 1,000,000 active workers needed for ARP service in Great Britain. A city of firemen NSWSWEElT" 1941, Jan. 20, Vol. XVII, No. 3, p. 24-5 The organisation and efficiency of volunteer fire hr1gades of London. Difficulties of ARP conscription THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND lOCAL" GOVERNMENT ADMINIS* TRATOR (London ) 1940, Nov, 15, Vol, 49, No, 2494, p. 1453 Notes growing demand for conscription of workers for ARP services. Some difficulties are pointed out, and it is suggested that the system, of voluntary recruitment he retained. Local defense volunteers BRITIiFtoMY fNew York) 1940, Aug. 9, No, 33, ISpp A description of the duties and responsibilities of those who have volunteered their services in the interest of British local communities, with special emphasis on their work during air raids, Mr, Morrison’s Appeal (fire fighting advice for all) THE 0BSERVER~TLondonj 1941, Jan, 5, No. 7806, p. 8 Voluntary organization of neighbour parties for fire bomb watching. The necessary equipment for carrying out the five essential rules in fire fighting, Eire prevention Executive to see that preventive measures are carried out around all government buildings. National voluntary service POLITIES IN REVIEW Tendon) 1939, Jan-Mar, Vol. 6, No, 2, pp. 80-3 Emphasizes necessity for formation of national service communities. Also discusses rates of paly and compensation. N e ighbours' 1eaguo s JUSTICE OF"THE* PEACE (London) 1940, Nov. 23, Vol. 104, p. 653 Voluntary units organized by neighbors for mutual help in time of air raids. 182 PPHllH L2N ine care of children in time of war PRESBYTERIAN MAGAZINE {tormerlyTTEN ERAT“ ~ “ 1939, Feb., Vol. 20, pp. 42-44 Wartime tasks of clubs TIMM IMWMcMLMITFFinmENT (London) 3-939, Oct. 28, No. 1278, p. 420 Boys clubs are not only carrying on in war condi- tions, but undertaking new tasks and duties. Every where boys’ club members have volunteered as AHP messengers. THĘ0MUNJ S,1^ALGlOIHNAT'clefen — 1939, Feb. 10, Vol. 48, No. 2402, p. 304 Ihe 1 ul-i.est use should be made of the Assistance of the Women’s Voluntary Service for civil defense. POSTAL SERVICE PPM Post-Office - air raid delays” THE ELECTRICIAN*"(London! 1940, Nov. 15, Vol. 125, No. 20 A reply of the postmaster general to public criticism of the short comings of his department ur.ia.er air raid conditions. An explanation of one reasons jor delays not only in the mail service but also in the telegraphic and telephone services. PUBLIC HEALTH Psychological effects of war Public health "[London) Roe, G.F.C. 1940, March, Vol. LIII, No. 6, pp. 123-125 Class.il ication o.t cases, especially in air raids. M en t a1 insight. Tr eatmen t s. FtfjpR health stands up well to shelter life NLW 3 GHRONI C LirTXb n do nT 1941, Ian. B, No. 29,539, p. 5 A report on the condition of public health in air raid shalters a x t er a s yst ematic a 11 empt for six months to smash the social services in"all the large cities of Great Britain. See Also - HEALTH .AND HYGIENE 183 PUBLIC ROADS AND BRIDGES - GREAT BRITAIN Bridge repair after air raids TInTMUNIG I PAL J OURNALTLondon) 1939, Aug 4, Vol, 48, No, 2427, p. 1804 Lancashire has been making the necessary plans for the repair of bridges that might be damaged bye-enemy bombers, Road marking in the blackout THE" MUNICIPAL""JOURNAL{Tondon) 1939, Dec. 15, Vol, 43, No. 2446, p. 2502 Since the lighting restrictions came into force Important roads have been nrovided with painted guide lines. The letter ?,T” is painted in the middle of the traffic lane as a warning of the approach of road junctions, a tainted cross for cross roads, the letter nPJI for a pedestrian crossing. Warning signs, formerly employing reflector lenses must be externally lighted. PUBLIC ROADS AND BRIDGES - Ü.S.A. Highways and defense NEWARK EN Gl NEER IN Ct NOTES (N e wark, N. J.) 1940, November, Vol, 4, No, 1, p. 6 How roads should be built for wartime purposes. Civilian transportation. Home Guard Traffic Guard units. Highways and national defense flSTWSIIED STONE JOURNAL 1941, Jan-Feb. Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 12-14,24 Argument for inclusion of a modern highways system into the national defense program, both for its military value and peace time usefulness. Rebuild those bridges AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 1941. Fob. Vol, 30, No. 2, pp. 8, ,52-4^ Arguments for systematic planning of inspection and rebuilding of bridges as a necessity to Am er 4. c an de fens e pi an s , Transportation the Fifth ”G'? INFANTRY JONHNATT(WasLHngton, D.G , ) 1940, Nov. Pec. Vol. XLVII,(No. 6, p. 560 This article deals with ,?the methods of highway management that match the tempo of today's war ’. 184 RAILWAYS See ’TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC UTILITIES ARP and fire protection at a power station THE MUNICIPAL* JOURNAL '(London) 1939, May 5, Vol. 43, No. 2414, p. 1023 The Hornsby Borough Council Electricity Department has placed the vital control gear of its main power station inside a specially protected ’’build- ing within a building”. Meeting air raid conditions EIUÜTOTGir REVIEW*! London) 1940, Dec. 6, Vol. CXZIII, No. 3239, p. 101 Describes the manner in which electricity is proving its worth in the scheme of civilian defense despite intensified air raids which adversely effect supply undertakings. Publie utilities in wartime; emergency repairs to mains. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER London, 1939, April 7, Vol. 43, No. 2410, p. 301 Detailed description of emergency connections' developed by the Victaulic Co. Ltd., Milbanks, for use in the event mains are damaged by enemy action. Repairing air raid damage ELECTRICAL REVIEW iLondonT 1940, Dec. 13, Vol. CXXVIII, No. 3290, p. 125 How electricity supply is being maintained under difficulties, inspite of repeated air raids by the magnificlent work of the staffs and the co-operation of neighboring undertakings. Lengthy breakdowns practically unknown. Statistical blackout < GAS JOURNAL (London) 1941, March 2.6, No. -4062, p. 544 The Minister of Information’s request that public utilities should postpone the publication of accounts and general meetings in order that valuable information may not reach the enemy. See also - GAS, ILLUMINATING - EMERGENCY CONTROL and WATER SYSTEMS RECONSTRUCTION - GREAT BRITAIN City of the future THE MOT OR ( London)" Wi11oughby, E.P• 1941, March 26, Vol. LXXIX, No. 2048, p. 158-9 Study of a plan for the reconstruction of bombed c ommuni ties. 11lustrations, pians, Damaged business premises BRITISH AND COLONIAL PRINTER AND STATIONER (London) 1941, Jan. 2, Vol, 128, No. 637, p. 5 A leaflet has been issued containing necessary information with regard to steps taken in order to obtain materials for repair of licenses to re- build premises and plants damaged by enemy action. Duties of the Ministry of Works and Buildings JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS (London) 1941, March 17, Vol. 48 3rd series. No..5, p. 75 Role of a "Ministry of Reconstruction" and the problems of town and country planning for post- war period. Emergency hospital scheme; war damage to hospitals JUSTICE OF 'THE' PEACE (London) 1940, July 1, Vol. 104, p. 303 Covers reconstruction and repair of buildings. Housing after the war THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, April 4, Vol, 49, No. 2514, p. 405 Problems that must be solved in'house construction after the war. Will it become a free social service. Traditional methods and materials discussed. The day of perpendicular building is passed, so far as dwellings are concerned. Notes and comments THE MUNIClPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, March 7, Vol. 49, No. 2510, p. 289 Discusses planning for post war reconstruction. States plans for future should keep abreast of damage in order that reconstruction may start at once when war ends. The place of the master of works and city engineer in tHe s*cheme 6T air raicT"precautions JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE (London) 1933, July, Vol, 59, No. 1, pp. 76-81 Clearance of debris, repairs of streets, demolition 186 or unsafe buildings, equipment and personnel. People before and after air raids, loss of homes, choosing grounds on which to build air raid shelters. Postwar reconstruction JOURNAL OF * THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS London 1941, March 17, Vol. 48 3rd series No. 5, p. 74 Policies and objectives of the R.I.B.A. on post war reconstruction. Rebuilding a blitzed city ) ■ 1941, March 7, Vol. 49, No. 2510, p. 295 Outlines a detailed-scheme approved by the City Council of Coventry, England for the redevelopment of the heavily bombed city. Suggests that this scheme will become a basis for working out plans for rebuilding other cities, after heavy bombing. Rebuilding after air raids q.0VERNM2NT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1941, Jan. 24, Vol. 49, No. 2504, p. 102 This article deals with the redevelopment of devastated areas; the war damage repair decision of Manchester; first aid repairs. Rebuilding bombed areas THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U., March 7, Vol. 49, No. 2510, p. 283 Article notes that a group of members of Parliament are asking authority for a committee to be appointed with power to rebuild homes in bombed areas without obtaining permission of the Ministry of Health. The reconstruct!.on of London THE BUILDER (London"]“' 1941, January 17, p. 88 This paper was read at the Housing Center recently. London development in the past is summarized and suggestions for the future advanced. Redevelopment of bombed areas THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'(London) • 1941, Feb. 7, Vol. 49, No. 2506, p. 176 A complete discussion of redevelopment of bombed 187 areas; how much work should be done temporarily and how much should be deferred until the war ends when new permanent structures can be erected. Repairing air raid damage THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL(London) 1940, Aug, 50, Vol. 49, No. 2433 Discusses the power and duties of local authori- ties to make repairs if owner is unable to do so. Pood and shelter stations established, by local authorities until homes can be repaired. Repairs to war damaged property THE MUNICIPAL ‘JOURNAL"(LondonT* 1940, Nov. 8. Vol, 49, No. 2494, p. 1421 Delay by owners of property in effecting repairs caused by air raids due to the fact that some owners in the borough are assisting in this task, others are not, although able to do s o o Re-planning of Coventry JOURNAL OF THE MlAL 'INSTITUTE OP BRITISH ARCHITECTS London 1941, March 17, Vol. 48, 3rd series No, 5, p, 76 A scheme for redevelopment of destroyed industrial city which considers the problem of modern social needs, i War damage THE BUILDER(London) 1939, Sept. 8, Vol. 157, No. 5040, p, 394 Information given concerning loans for repairs to" buildings, loans for reinstatement of plant, conditions attached to loans, carrying out of repairs. Wartime building practice.provisional building mrntTJXÜETTTLrad'SnT 1941, Feb. 21, pp. 198-199 This is part 44 of the general article and discusses the design and construction of emergency building for wartime and immediate post- war purposes and the temporary replacement of essential war damaged structures. REFRIGERATION Heal o p p o rt'unity'for"refriteration 1941, Apr!"1 VoIV XLIV, No.: 517, p, 61-62 Refrigeration installed at British communal 'feeding centers. 188 Wartime cold store construction MODERN'REFRIGERATION (London) 19U, April 17, Vol. XLIV, No. 517, pp. 55-58 Preparations made in Australia for establishment of temporary refrigerated space to meet needs of present world conditions. Drawings, REGULATIONS Broadcasts from Egypt THE BRITISH RRAODCASTING CORPORATION 1940, May 20, No. 309, p. 2? A summary of regulations for civilians near airports. First aid post and ambulance services; male personnel TDSTTÖFlmrm mCCETCömön)" 1940, Sept. 28, Vol. 104, p. 541 Outlines terms of civil defense (Employment No. 2 order), 1940 requiring male whole time personnel to continue service until no longer needed or more urgently needed elsewhere. Moratorium JUSTICE OE THE PEACE (London) 1940, July 20, Vol. 104, p. 401 Summary of regulations dealing with the suspension of payments of rents, taxes, water, gas and elec- tricity rates for unoccupied premises in evacuated areas. Reporting air raid incidents; business asked to cooperate with local authorities THE. MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 29, Vol. 49, p. 1524 Rules and regulations by the Minister of Home Security for use of local•authorities, as a means of securing cooperation of business establishments in reporting air raid incidents. See also - LANS AND ORGANIZATION -GREAT BRITAIN. REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN After the raid THE MUNICIPAL.JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT. ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1941, March 14, Vol. 49, No. 2511, p. 32? The information schemes of the Northern and 189 Midlands authorities. The arrangements for establishing information centers for people who are in need of advice and assistance after air raids; difficulties in removing and storing furniture from houses damaged in raids. Air raid defense IEwsmEM 1941, May 26, Vol. 17, No, 21, p. 30 British web of eyes and ears reaches as far as Nasi basesi An outline of British air raid precautions covering all phases of defense being used by Britain in her effort to reduce danger from air raids'to a minimum. Always something to learn in civil defense, NEWS’’ CHRONICLE (Lon don} 1941, April 15, No. 29,621, p, 3 A warning to Britain by the Minister of Home Secur- ity against a 11 false philosophy of self-satisfac- tion0, He says °I have never seen a bombed town in which there was not something wrong with Civil Defense0 ARP committee1 report THE BUILDER "(London)" 1938, Nov, 4, Vol, 155, No. 4996, p, 893 A publication recently issued by the Institution of Structural Engineers, covering Air Raid Precautions will no doubt prove to be valuable. Parts 1 and 2 deal respectively with The Weapons of aerial attack; resistance of materials and structures; strength and strutting of floors against collapse, blast and splinters, Incendiary bombs, gas and high explosive bombs. ARP service news TÜE MUNICIPAT7TÜUHNAL (London) 1939, Jan. 27, Vol, 48, No. 2400, p. 217 Major General Poulkos stressed the need for prep- aration and declared that deliberate attack on civil population by the onomy are not worth while, ARP service news THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Oct, 13, Vol. 48, No, 2437, p, 2184- Brief reports on ARP work at Woolwich,•Birkenhead, Wo dries bury, Norfolk, Harrogate, Walsall, and Middlesborough. 190 Blind man's broadcast on the blackout THE NSW BEACON (London) 1940, Jan. 15, Vol. 24, No. 277 A blind man relates his experiences during a. black- out, Points out that being forced to recognize things by sound and touch, the blind may be of great service to persons who see, but have great difficulty during periods of blackout. Bomber in the corn and bomber in the wood FrTTaTN TODAY TNew York] “ 1940, Nov. 1, No. 39, p. 11 A pictorial description of the effects of London1s anti-aircraft defenses in bringing down two German bombers. Bombers moon NEWS•CHRONICLE (London) 1941, Jan. 29, No. 29,557, p. 3 A neutral journalist describes London during 1940. He visits and describes the air raid shelters, the blackout and the greatly damaged East end. Civil defense front news THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 19, No. 2477, p. 939 Safeguarding of schools in Bristol; a scheme to augment ARP service in Manchester; the rising cost of brick and steel and the problems arising from this rise on cost to the various municipal- ities. Comforts for workers TRATOR (London) 1941, Feb. 7, Vol. 49, No. 2506, p. 153 Notes success of appeals for cash and useful articles for civil defense comforts fund, the purpose of which is to supply extra protection. Coventry1s central bureau THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 15, Vol, 49, No. 2494, P* 1448 The operation of a central bureau dealing with civil defense problems in the city of Coventry, Defense of eitles THE BUILDERTŁondon) 1938, Dec. 2, Toi. 155.3, No. 5000, p. IO83 During the crisis every one realized the extreme vulnerability of London and of the great urban agglomeration of the Midlands and the North. There was apparently no correlation between schemes for passive defense and the creation of new factories which the rearmament programme was making. If the Government had to choose between good peace time conditions and good conditions for defense the problem would be a very difficult one. The end of the armistice CHESTERTON, C.K. 1940, Dec. Prussianism as an abiding trouble to Germany and the whole world. Essays on Hitlerism showing how rights of all nations are violated. Englischer ‘.Luftschutz (English air raid nrotection) LUFTFAHRT UND SCHULE (Aviation School } 1939, July, Vol. 4, PP. 257-259 Fifth Column (book review) THE BOOKSELLER' Davies-Langdon, 1ohn 1940, July 25, No. 1808, p. 1 A broadcast by Langdon-Davies in which he relates his experiences during the Spanish Civil War. Reveals the need of adopting a comprehensive air raid precautions scheme; means of defeating epsionage activities. Fire over London AERO DIGEST (London) 1937, May, Vol. 30, No. 5, PP. 21,95-96 This article portrays the aims of an air attack upon a major city; the disorganization of defenses; destruction by demolition and incendiary bombs. Fires and air attack TtILTELE CTRL CAL REVIEW ( Londo n ) 1940, Jan. 10, Vol. CXVII, No. 3294, p. 219 An editorial on the means of minimizing risks. Electrical faults in material or design, etc. Insulation problems; sectionalizing plant. 192 Food vagaries TIME AND TJDE (London) 1940, Ian. 27, Vol. 21, No. 4, p. 71 Looking at problems -of control in the light of experience, in their own section of the trade, no one doubts the personal integrity of the men now controlling every basic article of food. The variations in rationing policy are causing a good deal of justifiable discontent. Germans in the plural THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1941, March 1, Vol, XCL, To. 3920, p. 91 "Black record: Germans past and present", repre- sents a collection of seven broadcasts by Sir Robert Vansittart, How the world of liberalism and humanism is dying. Guide to air raid precautions ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW (London) 1939, Nov. Vol. 86, p. 214 A review of Civil Protection by Felix Samuely and Conrad Hamann. This book regarded as the most valuable and only clear explanation of ARP to date. Reveals large amount of technical and general knowledge in existence on different prob- lems in ARP, ARP regarded as an engineer’s job rather than an architect’s. Latest news of the ARP service THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'(London) 1939, March 10, Vol. 48, No. 2406, p. 537 For emergency service the Bedfordshire Council receives 120 tubular steel stretchers and 2$0 , others. Courses of lectures in first aid in progress at 120 centers in the country. Sixty- five candidates satisfactorily pass the County Council examination at five of the centers. Payment of whole time volunteers during war time permitted in the boroughs of Bedfordshire, Dunstable, Kempston Urban District, The lesson of England JOURNAL 0E NURSING (San Francisco) 1941, March, Vol, 37, No. 3, pp. 138-9 Plea to organize nursing resources to prevent confusion, loss of time and effort and suffering. 193 Lights up CAVALCADE (London) 1939, Sept. 20, Vol. 2, No. 82, p. 14 Description of London’s night life during blackouts-. London’s most luxurious air raid shelters can be found in a half mile radius around Regent Street, for the premises of both the Cocoa-Nut Grove and the Paradies have been approved by the L.C.C. as conforming to the regulation requirements for official air raid shelters-; all attendants are air raid wardens. The Living London BRITTANIA AND EVE (London) Farson, Negley- and Purvis, Tom 1940, Dec. Vol. 21, “No I 6, p, 4 A review of London under the blackout written in story form. A discussion of air raid shelters is given together* with the attitude of the Londoner towards the circumstances brought about by these raids. London and Glasgow ARP provision compared adkinis- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 22, Vol. 49, p. 1494 Report prepared by Lord Provost of Glasgow and the ARP coordinating officer after a visit to London. Recommendations made for improvement of ARP work in Glasgow. London under bombs THE ENGLISH SPEAKING WORLD (London) 1941, April, Vol. 23, No. 4, p. 114 Article dealing with the many changes that have come about in London as result of bombs. Suggests that all large cities will suffer a similar fate if war should come to them. The matter of fact heroism of the ARP services ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS 1940, Sept. 21, Vol. 197, No. 5292, p. 372-373 Typical incidents in an East London bombing. How the ARP services witTistood the Luftwaffe ’ s fury. Middlesbrough’s information scheme THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 22, Vol. 49, p. 1497 ARP controller of Middlesbrough prepares two 194 cards to be issued to every householder, one giving Information and the other asking it. The first card contains information on all problems that arise for sufferers in air raids. The other card asks for information useful to ARP authorities in dealing with problems of separate families and individuals. The night bomber and a solution to its attacks THE ELECTRICIAN (London) ' ’ 1940, Dec, 20, Vol. CXXV, No. 5264, p, 320 Problem solved in two wayss (1) by developing an atomospheric disturbance which will put the air plane out of control; (2) by lighting up the sky so that fighters can get to work. Said to be easily done but no hint as to how it can be done, •No more haggling Me MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Fob. 17, Vol. 48, No. 2403, p, 373 Local authorities continue to set the pace as regards ARP organization and it is to be hoped that the Central Department will continue to follow as energetically and expeditiously as it has been doing of late. The peril from the air CAMPBELL, SIR UEECCLM 7 Hutchinson & Co. Ltd., London * 1937, 16pp A warning to the British nation against the ever increasing peril of German rearmament and the necessity of preparing to meet the threat of a powerfu 1 German air force. Emphfasis is'placed particularly upon the question of providing air raid shelters and the feasibility of the people bui1ding the i r own sheIters. The problem of evacuation THE BUILDER "[London) 1939, Nov. 10, Vol. 157, No. 5049, p. 35 A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of evacuation*. The A.A.S.T.A. report referred to is one positive contribution to the question of evacuation, also the group of articles contributed r to this- journal by Mr. R. Cottrell Butler. 195 Progress of the ARP services THFI.-IUNIGIPAL JOURNAL TLondön) = -* 1.939, Aug. 25, Vol, 48, No. 2429, p. 1918 Growth of personneli improved equipment; develop- ment of morale sind esprit de corps. Protective measures NATIONAL "SAFETY NE./S (Chicago) 1940, Dec. The skies rained fire; London’s daring fire fighters' like the heroes of the R.A.F. risk their lives In defense of the city, . The raiders BRITAIN TODAY (New York) 1940, Sept. 20, No. 36 A description of the attack of German air raiders on Great Britain in early August 1940. Emphasis is placed upon the passive civilian defense measures organized to cope with this problem. An account of the destruction i*s related. Roof fires JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, Oct. 12, Vol. 104, p. 567 Criticism of the clearance of Loft order, and the fire-watchers order dealing with defense against fire bombs. Safety-zone retreat accommodation - how to secure it and what it will cost. BUSINESS (London) 1939, Sept. 2, Vol. LXIX, No. 9, p. 48 Many firms arranging retreat into rural areas for essential head office staff and their vital records. Because of increase in rents due to ARP emergency, it is suggested that those think- ing of the .country house idea should act at once. The Second world war . .... DUFF'COOPER 1939, Copy 1 (first phase )- A review of the cbnditions existing in Great Britain prior to the Second World War; policy of Munich; positive and negative side of pro- paganda; diplomatic relationship between Great . Britain, France and Italy, 196 Sheffield overhauls weak ARP points. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAl7~(LoncTön~) ■ 1941, March 7, Vol. 49, Wo, 2510, p. 287 Improvements needed in the Civil defense services of the city of Sheffield, England. Observations made after a complete trial of civil defense plans made before the war. Topics of the week THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 19, Vol. 49, No. 2477, p. 1 School children in air raids; provisions for elaborate shelters in rural areas not justified. Suggestions for aid to movement on roads during blackout; states more people killed on roads than by air raids. Topics of the week THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, April 11, Vol. 49, No. 2515, p. 429 Planning for post war period. Decentralization of ARP fire services. War damage problems. Civil defense in general. Penalization for ARP foresight, Tunnel for Ramsgate civilians THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRA- TOR (London) 1959,April 28, Vol. 48, No. 2413, p. 965 Current reports appear to assure that’ some, if not all the sections of the tunnel scheme, will form part of the ARP arrangements in the exposed part of the English coast, Walthamstow ARP mothers annual dinner THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 3, Vol. 48, No. 2405, p. 486 The Borough of Walthamstow Decontamination Section held their first annual dinner and dance at which time the Mayor expressed his pleasure as to the efforts being made to bring the volunteers and members of the Department staff together for the social as well as the practical side of ARP, Wartime building practice THE BUILDER (London] Butler, R. Cotterell 1941, Feb. 7, Vol. CLX, No. 5114, p. 149, Diagrams An attempt to summarise the factors arising out 197 of the principle of dispersal, according to whether they occur as purely mathematical or as practical consideration. There are eight factors given from A-H on the principle of dispersal. REPORTAGE - SPAIN Air raid structures and ARP in Barcelona today THE STRUCTURAL ENGINEER TTonUonl Eelsby, Cyril 1939, d an. Vol. XVII,, No. 1, p. 2-39 A record of the' writer’s observations during the Spanish Civil War. Comments on how Great Britain can profit by the experiences of Spain. La defense passive contrę les bombardments; les ensegnements de la guerre d’Espagne ■ (Lessons from the Spanish War) L1AEROPEILE 19- Vol. 47, pp. 1750-1758 REPORTAGE - U.S.A Air assault on cities IWANTKY^JmiT^Ar^Jashington, D. C.) Prentiss, Augus t in K, 1941, April, Vol. XLVIII, No. 4, p. 2 Illustrations This article is part of a book by Col. Prentiss "Civil Air Defense" soon to be published. The author discusses the protective measures now being used in Purope and presents his opinion on the immense problems with which possible air warfare now faces every nation. If the bombers should come THE AMERICAN LEG-ION MAGAZINE Downey, Fairfax 194-1, Ian. Vol. 1, No. $1, p. 6 Using the present world conflict as a background the author gives a hypothetical description of events that could happen in this country in case of armed conflict with some foreign country, ARP in England is discussed. REPORTAGE - U.S.S.R. Organizing civilians into defense groups VESTNIK PROTIV0ZDUSEN01 0B0R0NY (Moscow)" 1931, Vol. 11, p. 13-11 198 The role of the civil population in anti-aircraft defense. VESTNIK PROTIVOZDUSHN01 030RONY (Moscow) 1935, Vol. 11, pp. 33-37. Illustrations The organization and training of the civilian population for defense. RESCUE SQUADS Aiding air raid victims JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1940, Nov. 8, p. 5 Organization and equipment of emergency unit for wartime relief. ARP and the Factory THE 3ÜILDER (London) 1940, March 22, Vol, LCVIII, No. 5068, p. 568 Discussion of the importance of employing all technical and science experts to assist in making ARP preparations. Valuables information given on shelters, protection of vital plants, observa- tion posts, communications, first aid, fire- fighting, rescue work, decontamination, lighting problems, etc. At grips with air raid problems JEWISH CHRONICLE (LorTdorn 1940, Nov. p. 6 Resume of activities of ARP unit; aid to the 'bombed out'; problems in shelter life; the minority group in the raided community. The battle of Lendon ATTAIN TODAY (hew York) 1940, Oct., No, 37, 16pp A synopsis'of the aerial bombardment of London Sept, 1940, with,particular reference to the effects of the bombardment. A discussion of the ground workers of the air raid precautions is included. Ear pads for air raids TNDI/i ~RUBBER JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 20, Vol. 0. No. 3, p. 11 Ear pads designed in soft aerated rubber for use especially by ARP wardens, members of the local defense volunteers, and others whose 'duties make it necessary for them to be put during air raids. 199 I was there WAR ILLUSTRATED (London) ' * 1940, Sept, 27, Vol, 3, No. 56, p, 331. Pictures Article describes the rescue of a girl by the de- molition and rescue squads who tunnelled their way for eight hours into the debris of a London hous e, Our ARP service did well at Clacton WAR ILLUSTRATED JZ6ncTonJ “ 1940, May 17, Vol. 2, No. 37, p. 532 When a German mine laying plane crashed at Clacton on May, the explosion caused great damage for half a mile. Fires were finally controlled and the wounded received expedition treatments through the admirable working of the local ARP services. Work of the rescue oarties flF“:iUNIÜT?AL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Mar. 17, No. 2407, p. 623 The work of rescue parties will be one of the most dangerous of all ARP services and will therefore need to bo carried out with great care and knowledge. In general the workers have been chosen from the Dept, of sewage. See also - FIRST AID RESEARCH Experimental work on ARP THE COLLIERY JOURNAL TYondon) 1939, Juno 9, Vol, 158.2, No. 4093, p. 1043 Dr. Stradling In Ms lecture before the Institu- tion of Civil Engineers stressed first, secrecy in order that possible opponents should not be made aware on what their protection was based. Discussion on protection from high explosive bombs, formation of splinters, expanding gases and protection from direct hits. He hoped to show how extensive the research field was and to make it clear that every effort was being made to apply modern scientific knowledge to the problems of civil defense. Research for reconstruction JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS London 1941, March 17, Vol, 48, 3rd series. No. 5, pp. 78-83 Setting up an organization for large-scale ex- periments in housing in countries suffering war damage. 200 RESOURCES, NATIONAL Mobilizing a democracy MECHANIGAL ENGINEER!NG A rms t r on g, F1oyd E. 194-0, Nov. Vol'. 62, No. 11, p. 818-819 0Ütline for m ob i1i z a t i on of the na 11ons’ res ourc es and their operation for war purposes. Resources and national defense MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Perris, J,P, and Emerson, Howard 1940, Nov. Vol. 62, No. 11, pp. 809 The national defense program1s drain on natural resources j problems ox supply* substitutions, preservation and restoration". RESPIRATORS, See GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES REST CENTERS, See WAR RELIEF SABOTAGE Assisting the enemy and sabotage JUSTICE'OP THE' PE ACE~TLonoET] 1940, Fob. 17, Vol. 104, p. 88 Examines terms óf the defense regulations cover- ing sabotage. Lighting for protection CHICAGO ELECTRIC ATT NEWS (Chicago, 111) 1941,oMarch, Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 5 While the factories of war-torn Europe are using as little light as nosslble, the American nlants need plenty of exterior lighting as a protection against sabotage. Protection of defense plants tightened in war on sabotage ‘ “ " NEWSWEEK 1940, Nov. 11, Vol. 16, No. 20, p. 56 A general discussion of sabotage and what the officials of the several states as well as the operators of large industrial plants are doing as a defense against all methods of sabotage. S ab ot a ge thr ough f i r e NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (Boston, Mass.) Coffey, E.P. 19- Activities of the saboteur. 201 Silent .sentinels of defense KIWANIS~( CHc ago, IITT) Cosgrove, John N. 1941, March, Vol. 26, No. 3, p. 117 Great industrial chain is not any stronger than weakest link so increased production must be matched by increased protection against all saboteurs. SANDBAGGING Dangers of sand bagging THE bTjTLDER (London) 1939, Dec. 8, Vol. 157, No. 5053, p. 801 One direct result of the war has been suspended at least temporarily, the operation of certain statutes and case laws. For instance, there is no law which will permit the use of the public highway for the erection of any structure erected for the protection of private premises• How to protect sandbags; materials and methods available THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Nov. 17, Vol. 48, No. 2332, p. 2362 .'The general principle of protection is: (1) to keep them from contact with soil, i,e, to stop ret 1:1 np: by b ac teri a; (2 ) t o render bags un- palatable to insects;(3) to keep bags dry and ventilated. Ma t er i a1 for r ot pr oofing THE MÜNIClPlL' JOURNAL (London) 1939, Nov. 17, Vol. 48, No. 2442, p. 2366 "Mystolone ARPif (a liquid chemical preparation) is described as useful for preventing the rotting of sandbags. Bags treated with ilystoleno ARP remain serviceable after five months,it is claimed. New ARP use for building paper THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Nov. 17, Vol. 48, No. 2442, p. 2364 nSisalkraftn a waterproof building paper made by J-.I1. Sankey and Son, Ltd. London, although originally produced for other purposes is effec- tive as a covering for sandbags in use and in storage. 202 Official recommendations for sandbag preservation THE HUM CI PAL JOURNAL (LoncTön") 1939, Nov. 17, Vol. 48, No. 2332, p. 2364 Two types of preservative are considered by the ARP Department to be suitable for application to sandbag revetments; (1) a creosote or tar distil- late used as a water emulsion; (2) a solution of an organic copper salt in creosote made up into an emulsion. Gives specifications for application of these preservatives. Problems ; of sandbag THE MUNICIPAL' JObRNAl/Thondon) 1939, Nov* 24, Vol. 48, No. 2443, p. 2396 A creosote emulsion formula and cement slurrying as means of preserving sandbags involve too many difficulties. Boxing of bags in timber frame possibly most effective method. Sandbags most expensive form of protection, counting original cost, preservation and replacement. La protection des monuments hlstoriques en temps de guerre ' ~ " REVUE MS QUESTIONS DE DEFENSE NATIONALE 1940, Jan. Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 79-87 Absolute protection of cathedrals and palaces is impossible, but sandbagging and other measures will reduce risks. Objects of art should bo evacuated where possible. Rot-proofing of sand bags THE IRON AND GOAL TRADES “REVIEW (London) 1940, Doc. 13, Vol. GXLI, No. 3798, p. 612 Imperial chemical industries have developed a cheap and easy method of rot-proofing sand bags. The bags must be treated before they are filled. The mixture used is technically known as a basic cop er carbonate suspension. Sandbag preservation for air raid protection ENGINEERING'(London) 1939 June 2, Vol. 147.3, pp, 65-68 Results of tests to determine the life of "proof- ed” and Munproofed1' bags for sand. Sand bag protection THE MUflXCTPAL JOURNAL' (London) 1940, Jan, 3, Vol. 49, No. 2501, p. 21 Describes a method developed for rotproofing sand bags by dipping into two common chemieAls, 203 sodium carbonate and copper sulphate. Explains the procedure and the cost of this simple method of preserving sand bags. Sandbag; ing THE'BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 27, Vol. 157, No. 5047, p. 613 This article deals with the preservation of sandbags and alternative methods of sandbagging. SCHOOLS Air raid arecantion for schools TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPTLI^T”!London-) 1939, April 29, No. 1252, p, 155 The Board1s New Circular for the assistance of It cal authorities and teachers . Extracts are printed from the Circular 1467* These extracts give advice about policy and action before and during a war emergency. Air raid precautions - Headmasters1 view TIMES EDüÖ'AT'ICMAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1938, Oct. 29, No. 1226, p. 399 An article from the Headmaster’s Association. Evacuating secondary school children TIMES EDUGATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, May 13, No. 1254, p. 179 The problem of evacuating secondary school chil- dren from places of danger in case of emergency is only a small section of the larger one. Many of the secondary schools in the receiving areas are working in out-of-date and inadequate build- ings • Evacuation in practice THE PUILDERTLondon) 1940, Jan. 12, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5058, p. 78 This is an A.A.S.T.A, report . The survey made shows the need for special buildings for evacua- tion, including camp schools, new buildings for education and feeding, nursery schools and day- nurseries. A thorough survey of evacuation re- quirements is needed. Protection of school buildings THj53 EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, April 8, No. 1249, p. 134 Questions and answers by members of parliament 204 on various topics as: protection of school build- ings; education of evacuated children; reception areas. > provision for, the safety of British school children in case "of ai:r raids SCHOOL AND SOCIETYTLancester, Pa.) 1938, Jan, 29, Vol. 47, No. 1025,- p. 151 The safety of children in areas subject to aerial bombardment of prime importance. Schools closed in dangerous areas and children kept home to share in the protective measures designed for the general public. In less exposed areas schools remain open and children carry respirators to and from school . Schools in time óf war TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1938, Oct. 15, No. 1224, p. 385 A letter to the Editor by John Shirley concerning the desirability of maintaining schools at an efficient level even in time of war. Suggestions of ways and means. Secondary schools in wartime TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, May 27, No. 2156, p. 205 London’s lack of plans. The plans for secondary schools in vulnerable districts outside London seem to be so far advanced as to enable schools which would have to be evacuated to know to what area they are to go, i Scottish education department circulars THE BRITISH!‘LIBRARY“(fTlJFÖTMAWON (Yew York) 1938, Jan. Air raid precautions in schools. See also - EVACUATION-SCHOOLS; SHELTERS -SCHOOLS SEWAGE - DISPOSAL Air raids and the sanitation problem JOURNAL OP THE ROYAL SANITARY'INSTITUTE (London) 1941, April, Vol. LXI, No. 4, p, 141 Discussion of problems concerning public health following large scale air raids; particularly the problem of sewage disposal. An explanation of the means of meeting the problem by emergency measures pending the restoration of normal services. 2 05 Suggested that a policy of maintaining some kind of water carriage system is preferable in an urban area to any hasty reversion to conservancy methods. Emergency sanitation THOÜTOOT JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 48, No. 2434, p. 2097 The evacuation scheme and the possibilities of air raid damage to sewers have presented large scale sanitation problems. The chief problem is that of disposal and for this purpose a system is required which is safe, speedy, economic and simple and adapted to provide for the pos- sibility that the public sewers may be damaged. SHELTERS The air'and the citizen TEE ROUNDTABLE (London) 1938, Sept., Vol. 2, p. 217 A review of measures taken particularly by Ger- many, France and England in the interest of civilian defense. Emphasis is placed on the building of air raid shelters as a means of civilian protection; shelters built of reinforced concrete to make them substantial against various types of bombs. The responsibilities of local authorities in connection with civilian protec- tion is likewise stressed, Air raid counter measures JUSTICE OF 'THE YEAGE (London) 1940, Oct. 26, Vol. 104, p. 594 Covers provision of shelters; maintenance of transport; evacuation. Air raid precautions for government contractors GREAT MlTAIN ADMIRALTY, WAR OFFICE AND AIR MINISTRY London, H.M. Stationery Office 19- A basic guide for planning air raid shelters with special attention to the needs of plants and buildings. Sets minimum standards for adaptations to existing structures and for new construction. Contains layouts, diagrams, designs, scales, ■206 Air raid precautions - notes THE ECONOMIST (London) 1939, April 22, Yol. 13$, p. 189 Consideration for establishing priorities in defense plans, Probiens growing out of deeu bombproof shelters and the time factor. An air raid shelter for offices THE" MUNIöl PAlTUfÖlTWAL ~Tforldoh] 1939, Hay 12, Yol. 48, No. 2415, p. 10?B One of the most complete ARP shelters in London planned for a block of offices. Includes a decontamination suite for those affected by gas or otherwise injured. Air rai£ shelters THE BUILDER [London) 1938, Noy. 2$, Yol. 155.3, No. 4999, p. 1039 Questions asked the Lord Privy Seal, in the matter of private citizens providing their own shelters, without a license, at their own expense, on their own premises, and by themselves, brought forth the following facts. That it was the duty of local authorities to give advice and^instructions to the public as to air raid shelters; and as to the work being done by them- selves without a license, even though a penalty of five pounds 'could be invoked under the building law, he would take immediate steps to protect persons who in the spirit of patriotism and efficiency, provided air raid shelters not for themselves but for a large number of the general public. Air raid sheIters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 3, Vol. 43, No. 240$, p. $09 Provisions for air raid shelters for the residents of Council flats on mewling Street site now being prepared and a scheme for a shelter on Lordship Terrace Estate is proposed to the Housing Committee. Air raid shelters THE BUILDER (London) 1940, Sept. 13, Yol. CLIX, No. $093, p. 2$1 Deputation to discuss possibility of change of official uolicy with regard to air raid shelters. The problem, of heating, the ending 207 of a long drawn out controversy on shallow versus deep shelters. Question of priority system in connection with materials also raised. Air raid shelters and the public health JUSTICE OF 'THE PEACE '(London) 1940, Dec. 21, Vol. 104, p. 708 Summary of a debate in the 'Douse of Commons. Recommendations of the Korder Committee, Air raid shelters for mine surface workers THE ÜETXIIIRTETÜ7JD0I1F TTondon) 1939, June 16, Vol. 158.2 No. 4094, p. 1037 Desirable shelters designed, completed and erected by Robert Morris, Ltd. Farmwork Bolton. The shelter has great flexibility and can accommodate any number of persons from 10 upwards and complies with Civil Defense Bill Air Raid shelter code. Air raid shelters (how to build them) VESTNIK PR0TIV0SDUSHN01 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1939, 32pp. Illustrations, plans. Air raid shelters in Barking Town Hall TUB MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London-) 1939, June 30, Vol. 48, Ko. 2422, p. 1498 In connection with Barking’s new town hall and municipal offices, the architect’s reported on the practicability of incorporating in the Town Hall scheme air raid shelters, etc. for the use of the public. A plan for such shelters is outlined, along with estimated costs. Air raid shelters; local authorities’ extensive proposals for public protection THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Aug. 4, Vol, 48, Ho. 2427, P. 1804 Local authorities at Sheffield, Newcastle on Tyne, voTverHampton and Ipswich have been engaged in the construction of air raid shelters. Architectural air protection - how Europe provides gas shelters for civiHans. ARMY ORDNANCE-(Washington, D.C.) 1935 Sept.-Oct. Vol. 16, pp. 95-100. Illustrations The province of architectural air protection consists of three phases: (a) the building of 208 shelters; (b) measures of air protection in con- structing buildings; (c) the relations existing between town planning and air protection. ARP building ' ■ THE BHELPER (London) 1940, iiarch 1, Vol. CLVIII, No. 50$6 This is a description of the rescue, decontamination and repair party depot, coirmunal shelters for the city of Hull. ARP for houses THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, April 21, Vol. 48, No. 2412, p. 908 Carlyle Corporation suggests that adequate ARP shelters could be provided in a certain area of that city by the strengthening of some existing shelters, through the use of reinforced concrete roofs, etc. ARP plans at Hull TEH (London) 1939, May 12, Vol. 48, No. 2415, p. IO63 Two types of air raid shelters planned; one type for garden areas, the other for densely populated areas. The policy here is to construct shelters in open spaces wherever possible. ARP service news THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, April 14, Vol. 48, No. 2411, p. 835 Short notes on shelter programs in progress at Brighton, Glasgow and Bethnal Green, ARP service news THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1939, July ?, Vol. XLVIII, No. 2423, p. 1553 The following topics are discussed: emergency communication system, Woolwich propaganda film, protection for Metropolitan Buildings, permanent shelters for the London County Council flats. ARP Service News THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Oct. 20, Vol. 48, No. 2438, p. 2220 Brief notes on progress of shelter construction at Norfolk, Westminister, Bradford, Newport, Birmingham and Stirling. 209 ARP shelters - correspondence - a letter by S. Hauf THE BUILDER ~(London) 1939, March 10, Vol. 156, p. 465 A criticism of Mr. Hauf’s letter in reference to ARP shelters, and in particular to the scheme for which his firm is largely responsible by Mr. Hauf. ARP she1 ters EORTNIGHTIV MAGABINE (London) Sandys, D. 1939, April, Vol, 151.4 P♦ 394 This article deals with air raid precaution shelters. As you make your bed JEWISH CHRONICLE "(London) 1940, Nov. 20, p. 11. Solutions to problems of sleeping, heating and ventilation in air raid shelters. Better !>olesn for ci vi lians in bombed England NEWSWEEK ~~ ~ ' ' I94O, Dec. 23, Vol. 16, No. 26, p. 19 Various kinds of air raid shelters in Britain and the number of persons using them: Homes 15.000. Anderson shelters 9,000,000, Big Building Basements 5,000,000, Shallow underground shelters 1,000,000, Subway stations and Tubes 500.000. Surface shelters constructed in shopping areas for persons caught in sudden air raids will accommodate 500,000, luxury shelters (paid for by users) 200,000. Bombs on tiny hamlet THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, Oct. 27, No. 7796, 149th year, p. 7 Three bombs dropped on a block of London flats; billiard club used as air raid shelter; rescue workers fight through sheets of flame from gas main to bring out the casualties. Bradford shelter urovisions THE I'iKaLCTTlX JOUTFIT" (London) 1939, Rest. 22, Vol. 46, No. 2434, p. 2076 The Bradford Corporation ARP Emergency Committee reports that shelters to provide accommodations for 3,817 persons have been provided, and others to accommodate 1,477 to be started in a short 210 time. The borough architect and building surveyor were instructed to expedite the strutting of the basements. Cardiff objection’s to steel shelter forms THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (LondonJ“ 1939, March 17, Vol, 48, No, 2407, p, 623 Objection is being raised by members of the Cardiff City Council to the method of distribution by the Home Office of Steel ARP shelters. Claimed that money is being wasted, municipalities stam- peded, and shelters being imported into Cardiff when they might be made in the city, Chamberlain exit; protective measures boosted after shuffle oT minister NEbSUZEU • ' ' 1940, Oct. 14, Vol, 16, p, 25. Illustrations Anderson replaced by Morrison as Minister of Home Security. Morrison takes steps to regularize use of subways as shelters. Churches as air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'(London) 1939, Aug. 4, Vol, 48, No, 2427, p. 1822 Burnham - on - Sea Urban District Council has approved proposals for use of places of worship in the district as air raid shelters. Civil defense > GLOVER, C•W. London, Chapman & Hall, Ltd, 1938, 308pp This book deals with a number of questions associated with Civil Defense among which are (1) probable forms of aerial attack (2) general principles of defense (3) the air force (4) bal- loon barrages (5) passive defense and the dif- ferent types of shelters, protective clothing against gas and the effects of gas bombs. Pictures, diagrams. Civil defense TEEf"ECONOMIST (London ) 1939, April 29, Vol. 135, p, 244-245 Problem of various types of shelters in urban protection; the time factor. Editorial notes 211 Collective anti-aircraft defence VESTNIK PR OTIVOZDUSHN 01 OB OR ONY (Moscow) 1937, pp. 28-34 Anti-aircraft defense of large houses. Public shelters. Family shelters. Common sense and air raid precautions BLACKWOOD’S EDIŃBUi\GTTTOTGAZINE “(Edinburgh) 1938, July-Dee. Vol. 244, p. 852-860 Different schemes in air raid shelters and their purposes. Air raid shelters to be built for useful purposes in normal times,such as under- ground parking space, etc. Conditions in shelters JEWISÜ CHRONICLE (London) 1940, Nov. 15, p, 1, 14 Criticism of conditions in shelters; complaints of shelterers;need for health measures; recrea- tional facilities. La defense passive contrę les bombardments L ’ AER OPHILE' (Paris ) " 1938, Vol. 47, No. 8 Using the Spanish Civil War as a background this article describes the effects of explosive bombs upon buildings. It also describes the physiolog- ical effects. Author emphasizes the necessity of constructing various typos of shelters as a means of protecting civilians* Illustrates the danger of the types of shelters in Barcelona during the first days of the Spanish Civil War. Derby’s air raid shelter guide THE GAXT ON "MAGAZINE '(London) 1941, Jan. Vol, XLII, No. 1, p. 12 A small booklet of air raid shelters recently issued as a guide to finding nearest shelter and the number it holds. The booklet should be carried in the handbag or pocket. Doing in Lancashire THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 24, Vol. 48, No. 2408, p. 680 A survey of basements of business premises has been-in progress for sometime, and 900 basements are being classified. Two detailed schemes have been submitted to the Homo Office. The first provides for the conversion of a disused canal for an underground shelter and will accommodate 212 5,000 people, The second converting the space between two supporting arches of one the main streets into an underground shelter to accomodate 3,300 persons. Edinburgh Caves as shelters THE^ńacammoWNATriandSn) 1939, Sept.15,Vol. 43, Bo. 2433 p. 2042 Caves at Oilmenton, Edinburgh are to he examined by experts as to their use as protection of the public. The Corporation ARP Committee have decided that staffs of various departments whenever them can he snared will he directed to the work of building shelters. Es, of occupying air , raid she 11ers THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL("London) 1939, Sept, 15, Vol..48, ho. 2433, pp.2047-2050 The complete ARP scheme comprises shelters, control posts, fire watchers posts, decontam- ination ,first aid and firs fighting services and can accommodate 1700 persons. Shelters are provided with electric lights, loud speakers and t elephones, Emergency i n o uIry bureau THE BUILDER ( London*) 1939, Dec. 15, Vol. 157, No, 4054, p. 828 Questions and answers on the following topics; air-raid shelters in flats, existing buildings, civil defense destruction of vermin. Prom Gateshead to Bristol Till] UUdiCIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 24, Vol. 48, No, 2408, p. 683 Mlddleshorough Corporation defers consideration of the question of the construction of public air raid shelters until the government makes known its police. t/ The end'* domes tic shelter the joutMlIte the inśtTtute' OP ‘MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY E:T G1BHKRS (London) Hill, Ct.E. . 1940, Oct, 8, Vol, 67, No. 5, op, 122-125 A low cost shelter, brick, concrete and soil construction designed for economy of labor and material. Illustrations, charts, tables. 213 Homes and shelters NEWSWEEK“ 1940, Sept. 23, Vol. XVI, No. 13, p. 26 Undesirable attitudes growing out of Improper and insufficient protection for residents of bombed areas. How municipalities are preparing defences THE I\TUNI0"lFÄL^TouITNAL”“ (London)** 1939, March 24, Vol, 48, No. 2408, p. 679 Precedence is given to the”front line” defense eastern and southeastern coastal areas, because they are more easily reached by enemy bombers from the continent than inland and western localities. Ramsgate scheme consists generally of trenches, basement shelters, deep bomb proof shelters and tunnels. An Indoor air raid shelter THE' BUILDER iLondonl 1941, Jan. 31, Vol. CLX, ITo. 5113, p. 143 Indoor shelters have four advantages over those built out of doors: (1) complete freedom from dampness and flooding, (2) ease of maintaining comfortable temperature and ventilation, (3) elimination of sanitation problem, (4) elimina- tion of risk during exposure between house and out door shelter from both bombing and Inclement weather. Large or small ARP shelters mbumwEirTLPHoV! 1940, Nov. 15, Vol. GLXX, No. 4427, p. 314 The ARP Co-ordinating Committee encourages provision for safe shelters and advocates the construction of large and really bomb-proof shelters. For a given expenditure per head the larger shelter can be made safer than the smaller one. The largest shelter in the world THE BRITISH lEEM^L^donJ Bonwi ck, (Jeraid 1940, Dec. 12, Vol. 109, No. 2824, p. 120 A description of a network of many miles of catacomb galleries artifically excavated at a depth of 45 to 120 feet below service known as the "Chislehurst Caves". The author tells further of the accommodative 214 possibilities of this shelter, Thousands can find protection there. Life in London NElfsWEK*'“^ 1940, Oct, 21, Vol. 16, p, 22. Illustrations Covers shelter program and communal feeding, Lincoln and Hull THE MJHIGIPAlT JOURNAL (London) 1959, March 24, Vol. 48, No,2408, p. 630 Major schemes of shelters are not in view so far but something else is reported. The council completed a survey of the available shelter accommodations within a quarter mile radius, approximately the centre of the city. Trench shelters constructed in the city during the September crisis are being converted into pemanent trench shelters. Local authoritles f wartime pians THE MUNICIPAL' JOURNAL'TLondon} 1939, Sept. 22, Vol, 48, No. 2434 p. 2070 Regarding ARP activities, it was reported that tenants of the Quarry Hill flats will make use of the New York Road public shelter until covered trenches are completed on the land enclosed by the buildings, London Epidemics MBWEEK 1941, Jan, Vol. XVII, No. 4, p, 10 Broken mains, shelters and spread of epidemics. Some counter measures. London’s largest bomb-proof shelter TM miT(LVi#ónT 1940, July 5, No. 37, P. 1005. Pictures A disused tube railway tunnel. Accommodation for more than 11,000 people will be provided when the necessary structural alterations are completed. It is more than half a mile long, and its depth below ground varies between 50 and 70 feet. It would stand a direct hit from the heaviest bomb. London shelter perils THE TUESDAY TIMES* (London) 1941, Jan. 5, p. V, ool. 1 An account of a visit to thirty or more of 215 London’s public air raid shelters and the conclusion reached by Viscount Crenley was that it is beyond the power of the local authorities to deal with so large and new an organization and that some efficient and control body should have complete control of all the London shelters. That everything is needed to prevent and outbreak of disease, the lowering of the standard of public morality and a complete breakdown of national unity. Mastering air raid problems; improved shelters for town anacountry ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (London) 1940, Oct. 12, Vol, 197, No. 5295, p. 474-5 Shelter reforms Introduced as result of close exam- ination of air rair shelter problems. Les mesures de securite (Safety measures) Chapter 11 La Defense Passive LA PETITE ILLUSTRATION (Paris) 1939, July 15, No. 927, pp. 7-12 Precautions against bombings and gas attacks; shelter and other devices; equipment. Instructions for town and country, men and animals. Well illustrated. Methods ,of passive defense against air raids LE GENIE CIVIL' (Paris! 1939, Feb. 11, Vol. 114, p. 137-138 More air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 2, Vol, 48, No. 2418, p. 1216 The Lord Privy Seal addresses a circular to local authorities in the areas expected to be most liable to air attack urging vigorous prosecution of shelter program. More shelters for Belfast THETMUTTTÜIPAL miRWlTTEondon) 1940, July 12, Vol. 49, No. 2476, p. 919 The air raid shelter committee of Belfast to erect another hundred public air raid shelters at an esti- mated cost of L 16,00. This brings the city’s public shelters total up to two hundred, and it is probable that a third hundred will be put in hand when these are completed. More airlraid shelters in London..L.‘. . .. THE MUNICIPAL" JOURNAL (London) 1941, Peh. 14, Vol. 49’, No. 2507, p. 187 The London regional commissioner on air raid shel- ters in London area covers in detail the percen- tage of population which can he sheltered; the inspection system for shelters and the medical services provided for persons in shelters. Les moyens de defense passive contrę les attaques aeriennes (Passive defense means against aerial attacks), LE GENIE CIVIL (Paris) 1939, Peh, 11, Vol. 114, No, 6, 18pp Discusses the problems of shelters, their equip- ment, lighting and general usefulness as a means of protection, Nov;s from the civil defense front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 5, Vol. 49, No. 2475, p. 872 Discusses latest progress in shelter schemes, the positions and sizes of shelters in certain boroughs. A discussion of the protection of school children in certain schools; the advantages ‘and disadvantages of outside and inside shelters. News from the civil defense front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL“ (London) 1940, Aug. 30, Vol. 49, No. 2483, p. 1122 Air raid shelter accommodations; refuge rooms in houses; raid shelter planning in rural districts; the domestic shelter plans in Bedford; the amount of assistance furnished cities by the Central Government. Notes on the construction of tunnel shelters in Stockport THE JOURNAL OP THE INSTITUTE OP MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) Gardner, William P and Whitaker, E.C. 1940, July 16, Vol. LXVII, No. 2, pp. 34-40 Article contains general information as to arrange- ment of shelters, tools and plants, ventilation, lavatory accommodation, entrances, tunnel lining, lighting, seating, warden’s or steward’s posts, first aid posts. Cost’s considerably lower than trench shelter. 217 Passive defense W '£e¥TS CTvlIT'( Paris) Pavier, M. Jean- An outline of the various types of shelters. Shelters classified as (1) shelters built under the lawns of public parks (2) collective shelters under buildings (3) special collective shelters (4) official collective shelters and several other types are mentioned. The' peril from the air CAMPBELL, Hutchinson & Go; Ltd, London 1937, 126 pp The British warned against the ever increasing - peril of German rearmament and the necessity of preparing to meet the threat of a powerful German air force. Emphasis is placed upon the question of providing adequate air raid shelters and the feasibility of the people building their own shelters. Portable shelters for your key men BUSINESS' TLondonT ” 1939, April, Vol. .LXIX, Ho. 4, p, 39. Pictures Portable bullet-proof shelters for key men, wardens and officers at observation posts pro- vide protection against blast, splinters, fall- ing masonry, etc. caused by high explosive bombs. The essential feature of this new type of shel- ter is to provide those more exposed to danger as much protection as possible in the perfor- mance of the1r duties. Positive air raid precautions ■fflE ECONOMIST {TTondonJ 1940, Jan. 13, Vol. 138, No. 5029, p. 54 The Minister of Home Security, Sir John Anderson, expresses concern about dearth of aif rftid shbltcr. La protection collective (Protection for the group) Chapter LV La Defense Passive LA PETITE ILLUSTRATION-(Paris) 1939, July 15, No. 927, pp 17-23 Illustrated instruction•, organizing mass evacua- tion; public shelters; blackout and anti-incen- diary measures. 218 La protection individuelle,(Protection for the indlvidiiäl'T~CEap t e r ’XE 1" La Defense Passive LA PETITE ILLUSTRATION (Paris) 1939 , July 15, No. 927, pp, 13-16 Instructions for the individual under gas and bomb attacks; fire prevention, detecting and extinguish- ing fire bombs, fire-proofing solutions. Shelter and emergency equipment. Illustrations. Provision of air raid shelters THE BUILDEHTLondon) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. LCIX, No. 5095, p. 303 A statement by Sir John Anderson that his depart- ment would do everything possible to ensure sup- plies of necessary materials; that local authori- ties had been urged to press on as rapidly as pos- sible with the provisions for air raid shelters. Ramsgate air raid shelter THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW" ‘(London) 1940, Jan. 19, Vol. 126, No. 3243, p, 66 The Ramsgate tunnel, England’s finest air raid shelter has been visited by ARP experts from all over the country. More than four and one half miles of tunnel are linked together under the town provid- ing accommodations for 34,000 people, Ramsgate has the world’s finest shelters WAR ILLUSTRATED (London) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. 3, No. 56, p. 324 A complete description is given of the -magnificent system of shelters designed by the borough engineer and surveyor, R.D. Brimmell. Rating air raid shelters JUSTICE OF THE PEACE." (London) 1940, July 20, Vol. 104, p. 400 Rules covering the taxation of structures in use for ARP purposes. Roofed in streets as air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) " 1939, March, Vol. 48, No. 2405, p. 499 Handy and easily accessible refuges at ground level are provided for in ARP scheme. Narrow and unim- portant streets are converted into roofed-in, highly efficient splinter-proof and gas-proof air raid shelters seating from 50 to 100 persons. 219 Shelter and Exodus TIIE~ ECOEOMIST (Tondon) 1939, May 13, Vol. 135 pp. 358-9 Discussion of two methods of civilian protection, the relative merits and degrees of adaptability, the consequent problems0 Shelter policy TIE“ ECONOMISE (London) 1941, Peb. 15, Vol, CXL, Ho. 5068, p. 210 In the whole of the London region, shelter accommodation has now been provided for 80 per cent of the population, of which 19 per cent were provided for by public shelters and 61 per cent by domestic shelters. A new indoor shelter has been designed that will presumably supplant the Anderson shelters. Shelters for Cardiff schools THET MTJNIGI PAL JOURNAL “(London) 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 48, No. 2434, p. 2076 The Cardiff Education Committee reports to the Board of Education that regulations have been made making the erection of shelters compulsory. 28,000 garden shelters are to be built in the city and 450 public shelters to accommodate 25,000 people Shelter for civilians in modern warfare CIVIL ENGINEER INGf London) Lewin, Joseph D, 1941, March, pp. 157-160 Detailed statistical surveys needed in planning for metropolitan areas. Large shelters have been found, most economical in British study. Shelters in playgrounds ‘MrMlMcTPAE JOURNAT'TLondon) 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 48, No. 2434, p. 2083 Questions and answers on the possibility of using vacated schools as air raid shelters; also feasibility of providing shelters in evacuated areas. Shelters on Hamilton Housing Estate THE ~ 1939, May 12, Vol. 48, No. 2415, p. 1051 Description of air raid shelters provided under new municipal houses being built by the KamiItion Town Council on their Pairhill Estate, 220 U LU. 1 1 ,.j) 511 Ul LUT THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 48, No. 2434, p. 2077 Provision for shelter.accommodations for the staffs in the Town Hall, including the Police Department and staffs of other departments, public'library, and public baths and persons attending, at an estimated cost of 1,490 pounds. The borough engineer, architect and building surveyor were authorized to dig trenches and erect shelters on the old L and Y-station sites. Statutory rules and orders BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York Gity) 1939 Standards of expenditures', regulations, Aug. 16, 1939. ’’Underground trailer” BUSINESS WEEK ' 1941, Harch 8, p. 40 New bomb shelter developed by Wean Engineering Co. Warren, Ohio is furnished with beds, stove bath and other facilities of an automobile trailer. The standard 8 x .12 ft, unit with 3/8 in. corrugated steel roof and walls comes knocked down, with no section weighing more than 100 lb. Thus it may be installed in any safe and convenient excavation without the use of mechanical lifting devices. Wartime building practice Butler, H. Cotterell 1941, Jan. 10,, Vol. CLX, No. 5110, p. 32 .Shelters and shelter equipment; a review of current problems and commercial development. Contrast made of the different types of ■ shelters; as surface shelters vs.•deep-shelters, unit shelters vs. mass shelters. The main factors involved in preventing the occurrence and spread of disease among persons taking shelter; heating and ventilation; lighting; damp-proofing; sanitation; sleeping accommodation; increasing standards of protection are also important topics reviewed. Wartime building practice THE'BUILDER Butler, R. Cotterell 1941, Jan. 21, Vol. CLX, No. 5112, p. 102 Shelter protection. Bomb characteristics and 221 light shelters. Bombproof shelters. The Dispersal Theory given reconsideration. Considerable in- formation now available on three important aspects of shelter design (1) considerations affecting the behavior of "code" and similar shelters in view of their resistance to different types of bombs employed (2) the question of increased pro- tection with special reference to the practica- bility of terming any shelter "bomb proof" (3) the "dispersal theory". What does military design offer the architecture of peace? ARCHITECTURAL RECORD (New York) 1939, Jan. Vol, 85, pp. 50-56 Examining Europe’s No. 1 architectural trend - that of making building designs "air worthy". What are the standards of protection, who is to be protected and how well? The ideal shelter system would protect the entire population against all potential dangers. What reduces bombs killing power THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER London 1939, Feb. 3, Vol. 48, No. 2401, p. 277 The large figure as to the number of casualties in a village where refugees are being bombed are asserted to be correct. Helsby, defends several points made in a letter which Wing-Commander Fletcher, criticized. Safe, bomb-proof shelters are recommended and trenches condemned. Wie bauen einen luftschutzgraum (We are building an air raid shelter) DIE SIRENE (The Siren) 19- No.' 21, pp. 567-570 SHELTERS - AIR CONDITIONED See SHELTERS - VENTILATION SHELTERS, ANDERSON Anderson shelters WAR ILLUSTRATED (London) 1940, 1 uly, No,. 46 The Anderson shelters are a good protection providing the roof and the walls are covered with earth, 30" at the sides and 15” at the top. The entrances should be shielded by a neighboring brick wall or by send bags. 222 Anderson shelters Inside houses THE JOURNAL OF' THE" INSTITUTE OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEEDS(London). 1941, Feh. Vol. LKVII, No. 9, pp. xx-xxiv Experiments made recently in Birmingham by H.J. Manzoni. Where and how they should bo placed. Materials, notes from the manufacturers. Anderson shelters stand up to the test WAR TLLuATRATEDTLonUön) 1940, July 19, Vol. 5, No. 46, p. 39 The efficacy of the Anderson shelter is shown through photographs of the erections after aerial bombs had fallen beside them. Only by attention to certain noted points, 'can the full security of the Anderson shelter be attention. A bomb fell ton yards away LONDON CALLING '(London! Collard, George 1940, Aug. 26, No. 47, p. 11, Pictures Personal account of the author who lives in a town of Southeast England, of his experience when a bomb exploded ten yards from his home. High value is given to the Anderson shelter for saving of lives. Consolidation of earth covering on Anderson shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LGCAL’ ADHINIS- TRAT OR (Lon d on) 1940, Aug, 2, Vol. 49, No. 2479, p. 1010 Report on the results of experiments made to determine the best methods for preventing the erosion and slipping of the earth-covering of Anderson air raid shelters. The erection of Anderson shelters in houses JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPIE"AND COUNTY ENGI NS. CRS ( London ) 1941, March 4, Vol. LXVII, No. 10, p. 233 Choice of room for the shelter, method of in- stallation, amount of protection furnished by .Anderson shelters. Routine matters of instal- lation, materials required. Flooded shelters prcoosals THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1941, Feb. 7, Vol. 49, No. 2506, p. 168 A survey of the Anderson shelters of Surbiton re- 2 23 vealed that many of them are subject to flooding. Since the defects canmt be remedied, it is recommended that the shelters be brought indoors at the government expense. Inside - a London shelter BRITAIN TODAYTŃew York)' 1940, Növ, 29, No. 41, p. 6 "The Inner Section of an Anderson Shelter5' and "Table Tennis during, an air raid", are two pictorial paintings illustrating what goes on inside air-raid shelters-during raids. Illustrations of British morale. Public basement shelters THE BUILDER" iLoridonf 1940, Jan, 12, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5059, p. 108 A paper read by Mr, C.P.DeSteiger to general meeting of the Air Raid Protection Institute, deals with practical experiences in a Metropolitan Borough, An air raid precautions committee was appointed to deal with tile formulation and administration of an air raid precautions scheme for the borough, Anderson shelters finally adopted, Steel shelters and flooding' THE BUTEdER(London) • 1940, Feb. 16, Vol. CLVIII, Ho. 5053, p. 250 This article gives the correct method of obtain- ing a successful concrete lining. Generally agreed that the poured in place concrete lining is a solution to the problem of keeping sub- soil water out of "Anderson steel shelters". Striking proof of the efficacy of Anderson shelters NEWS - J (LondonT ~ ~~~ 1940, Aug. 24, Vol. 197, No. 5288, p. 233 A pictorial review, with captions showing how the violent raids by the Germ .an luftwaffe in the week of Aug, 17 provided a "most reassuring demonstration of the efficacy of the Anderson shelters, when it has been properly covered with earth and the entrance adequately screened55. What we have learned in a year’s ARP WAR ILLUSTRATED {London)“ 1940, Sept. 20, Vol. 3, No. 55, p. 285 A review of the lessons officially drawn from the experiences of the-first twelve months work in ARP, It is very necessary for the Anderson shelters to have a covering of earth over them. SHELTERS - BASEMENT ARP shelter THE BUILDER (London) ' • 1939, Oct. 29, Vol. 157, No. 5043, p. 491 The plan of a proposed ARP shelter, in basement of factory, for 200 persons. The building Is not steel framed and the floors are of timber cons truet ion. ARP: some notes on equipment THE BAlE'R fLondon) ~T~ Calvert, P, J, 1938, December, Vol. 48, pp. 268-273, Illustrations This article treats the shelter in the bank build- ing from the point of view of capacity, ventila- tion and illumination. Comparative figures of shelter capacity, A basement shelter for 300 factory workers “ 1939, Sent. 22, Vol. 157, p. 464 Shelter, Location and Accessibility stressed. Basements as air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL '(London) - 1939, Juno 9, Vol. 48, No. 2419, p. 1267- Objections to the orders Issued for altering base- ments, the nature of the alterations being such as to reduce their value as air raid shelters. Design for basement shelter TIE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1939, May 5, Vol. 48, No, 2414, p. 1011 Steel shelters for basements designed by Stewarts and Lloyds, Ltd, of Birmingham, Spec ifi c ations givon, Notes and news; ARP architectural consultant THE BUILDER(London) 1940, Dec. 13, Vol. CLIX, No, 5106, p. 567 The Lewi simian Borough Engineer has reported the Receipt of a communication from the Ministry 225 of Home Security as to the urgent necessity of utilizing all the cellar accommodation in the borough for use as public air raid shelters. Protected shelters for the royal borough of Kensington" TOE BUILD ill (London) 1939, Oct, 13, No, 5045, p, 557, Pictures Provision is being made in the borough for public shelters to accommodate approximately 18,000 persons, by means of shelter trenches, capable of housing 5,000 persons and strengthened base- ment promises for accommodating the remaining 13,000. Public basement shelters THE LUILDER (London)' 1940, Jan. 21, Vol, CLVIII, No. 5059, p. 108 A paper read by Mr, C#P. DeSteiger to a general meeting of the Air Raid Protection Institute, deals with practical experiences in a Metropolitan Borough, An air raid precautions committee was appointed to deal with the formulation and administration of an air raid precautions scheme for the borough, Anderson shelters finally adopted. Shelter accommodation in Bolton THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND~ PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) , ■ 1939, April 21, Vol. 48, No, 2412, p, 900 Preparation of basements for use as air raid shelters. Shelter accommodation in V'/and worth THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL’ (London)" 1939, April 7, Vol. 48, No. 2410, p. 795 Plans for the conversion of cellars and basements into air raid shelters. Staff air raid shelters, St. Marylebone Town Hall THE BUILDEiTTLondoń") " “ “ “ 1940, Jan, 12, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5058, p. 71 This structure provides a transformer room and three compartments for storage accommodation to be used as air raid shelters for the Town Hall staff in time of emergency. Generall/r concrete construction with/ the necessary reinforcements. Lighting, heating, and ventilation provided. 226 Strengthening* basements for ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 48, No. 2434, p.2096 For the strengthening of basements, steel-is considered first class for reinforcements, and is provided for, in corrugated sheets and rolled steel joists. Ventilated shelters for an engineering company THE BUILDER (London) ' 1940, Jan. 12, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5058, p. 72 This shelter provides accommodation for 250 persons and is of the ventilated basement type. It provides protection from practically every- thing except direct hits by demolition bombs. SHELTERS, BOMB AND BLAST-PROOFING Air raid precautions - notes THE ECONOMIST (London) 1939, April 22, Vol, p. 189 Problems growing out of deep bomb proof shelters and the time factor. Editorial. Air raid shelter news THE MUNICIPAL' JOURNAL (London) 1940, Nov. 15, Vol. 49, No. 2494, p. 1460 A letter to Mr. Herbert Morrison, Minister of Home Security. The ARP making a further plea for bomb proof shelters, has brought forth the fact that Mr. Morrison proposes no further basic changes in the ARP policy. An air-raid shelterrpolicyf WsTSÜlTZm TTondon)"— 1940, July 26, Vol. CLIX, No. 5068, p. 90 A deputation of the ARP co-ordinating committee presented a memorandum on air raid shelter accom- dation to the Ministry of Home' Security urged con- struction of blast and splinter proof shelters which could be subsequently ' strengthened. An air raid shelter policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Sept. 20, Vol. 49, No. 2486, p. 1227 A review of the sir raid protection coordinating committee’s latest approach to the government. Stresses the importance of bombprodf shelters; claims all difficulties can he overcome, if a real coordinated effort is made in the construc- tion of air raid shelters. ARP in Barcelona THE BUILDER'"(London) 1939, Larch 31, Vol. 155, p, 625 The case for ’’bombproof shelters” . Blast-proof shelters THE BUILDER (London! 1939, Nov. 17, Vol. 157, p. 712 Bomb-proof shelters THE BUILDER (London) 1940, Oct. 25, Vol. CLIX, No. 5099, p. 399 Exhibition of drawings Illustrating the need for bomb-proof shelters and how to plan them. Bomb resisting shelters - Handbook 5A BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York) 1940 Design of bomb-proof shelters ENGINEERING (London) 1939, July 14, Vol. 148, pt. 1, p. 50 Consideration of four types of shelters designed for different degrees of protection. Engineering problems of ARP THE MUNICIPAL J0URNAL~TLondon) 1939, March 3, Vol. 48, No. 2405, p, 482 Impossible to design a bomb proof structure above ground at any reasonable cost and which would be suitable for peace time. Recommended that shelter accommodations should provide protection against blasts and splinters from E. E. bombs. Large or small ARP shelters THE ENGINEER (London] 1940, Nov. 15, Vol. CLIX, No. 4427, p. 314 The ARP Co-ordinating Committee advocates the construction of large and really bomb proof shelters. For a given expenditure per head the large shelter can-be made safer than the smaller one, 228 Mr. Morrison again approached by ARP Co-ordinating Committee ’ THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (Löndon) 1940, Nov. 15, Vol. 49, No. 2494, p. 1460 Summary of the main points raised in a letter to Mr. Herbert Morrison, Minister of Home Security by the ARP Co-ordinating Committee, in which further advances in the construction of bomb- proof shelters are urged. Protection against H.E. bombs the municipal Journal (london) 1939, Vol. 48, No. 2403, p. 378 In a paper submitted to the Air Raid Protection Institute, Mr. C.F. DeSteiger described the Schindler Stronghold. This stronghold has a cylindexical body terminating at both ends in spherical domes. It will give protection against the effects of a direct hit and can accommodate 200 persons. Report oh structural ARP-recommendations by the Tnstf.u'ut•ion"oT.Structural Engineers THE 'BUILDER "[London) 1939, March 24, Vol. 156 (supp) p. 13 Shelters classified under two headings: (1) those designed to be proof against blast and splinters only, (2) shelters proof against direct hits. Tables of required thickness for roofs or slabs over shelters. Shelters preferred THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) ■ 1939, Feb. 10, Vol. 48, No. 2402, p. 319 Bomb proof shelters are preferred to trenches, surface shelters, the strengthening of basements. From both cost and vulnerability it is essential that shelters should go down rather than spread out on the surface. Some aspects of structural defense mnwm:dtpal'Totram mttlocal 'government adminis- TKAT0R (London) 1940, July 19, Vol. 49, No. 2477, p. 940 A discussion of the mechanical problems involved in the placement and construction of bomb proof air raid shelters. 229 Structural ARP equipment THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 16, Vol. A3, Ko. 2420, p. 1384 Description of a fire and splinter proof dura- steel door affording protection against blast and splinters from a 500 lb. Bomb at 50 feet. Structural precautions against air attack THE BUILDER (London) 19- Vol. 156 (supp) pp. 7-13 Relative value of bomb-proof and blast-resisting shelters during a particular period. The structural problem in ARP work ENGINEERING ( London") ' 1939, March 10, Vol.. 147, p. 266 Evaluation of practices in building air raid shelters. A review of publications issued by the Institution of Structural Engineers, London. SHELTERS - BRICK BRICK A Corbelled all brick shelter THE BUILDER TLondon) 194-0, Sept. 6, Vol. CLIX, No. 5092, p. 23? The all brick shelter illustrated designed and erected by the London Brick Co. Ltd. It accommodates eight persons. The essential feature of the construction is the corbelled roof on which a falling load test has been carried out. Miss Eilkinson praises Sheffield shelter plans THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL HID LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1941, Jan. 24, Vol. 49, No. 2$04, p. 108 A tribute paid to the foresight of the city council and its ARP officials which was so amply proved in recent air raids over the city. Emphasis placed particularly on brick surface shelters. SHELTERS - CAR PARK See SHELTERS - MULTIPLE FUNCTION SHELTERS - CAST IRON See SHELTERS - STEEL AND IRON 230 SHELTERS - COMMUNAL Les abris collectifs de defense passive centre le attaques aeriennes ("Communa 1 siieTters for passive defense" against air attack) LE GENIE CIVIL (Paris) 1959, July 1, Vol. 115, 24pp Discussion of communal shelters as a means of protection against aerial attacks. Details of construction given together with diagrams and charts, Air raid shelters TlMEBTDUC ATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1958, Dec. 24, p. 1 Sir John Anderson submits his scheme of volun- tary national service to disclose his plans for civil defense, for which he also bears Minister- ial Responsibility. The programme covers al- together nearly 20,000,000 persons. ARP building WE BUILDER (London) Morris, William 1940, March 1, Vol. CLVIII, ho. 5065 Description of the rescue, decontamination and repair party depot; communal shelters for the City of Hull. The case for communal shelters THE MUNICIPAL' JOURNAL (London)' 1959, Doc. 22, Vol. 48, No. 2447, p. 2517 The type of shelter recommended by the ARP Co- ordinating Committee consists of a series of parallel units, either above or below ground, separated by walls of reinforced concrete. The committee favors communal or - ??focaln type as against the dispersed shelters. The Civil defense bill - how it affects factory owners. THE BUILDER (London) 1959, May 12, Vol. 56.5 p. 912 Air raid shelters provided where 50 or more persons work or live, excluding domestic staff, A wide variety of choice given employers. Tentative estimates of cost. 231 Communal shelter policy f op South THE MimCIPAL JOURNAL' (London) 1939, Aug, 4, Vol. 48, No, 2427, p. 1821 . Summary of the report of the Borough Engineer recommending communal shelters for Soutn oniolas. 1939, Dec, 15, Vol. 48, No. 8446, p. 2488 Description of the shelter design suomiubcd to Home Secretary by the ARP Co-ordinating Committee, Prof. J.B.S, Haldane, chairman. The shelter is built of reinforced concrete, and divided, into compartments accommodating 50 to 80 persons each. Communal shelters BUILDER(London) 1940, Oct, 11, Vol, CLIX, No. 5097, p. 361 A statement of the A. R. P. co-ordinating committee concerning communal shelters. Provision for safety and bomb-proof shelters stressed. The"Haldane shelter”, recommended. Emergency inquiry bureau TEST 3tJILlMr~t Lo ndorTJ 1939, Dec. 1, Vol. 157, No, 6052, p, 768 Questions from readers arising out of^war time difficulties and recent emergency legislation and answers on the following topics. Problemo of a bungalow, and its site; public shelter in a street; compensation under civil defense; act, English housing project planned with air raid £re- c'aaatTbns. AMERICAN CITY 1941 March, p. 58 . Wexham court farm, a nousing development In t—c Borough of Slough, England is described. This article is taken from an account of the project appearing in the Journal, of the Town Planning Institute (England) London's largest bqmb-proof shelter THE "WAR- (London)* 1940, July 5, No, 37, p. 1005, Pictures A disused tube railway tunnel. Accommodation for more than 11,000 people will be provided when the necessary structural alterations are 232 completed. It is more than half a mile long, ana its depth below ground varies between 50 and 70 feet. It could withstand a direct hit from the he av 1 e s t b omb, Merseyside THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Mar. 27, No. 2408, Vol. 48, p. 680 Liverpool and Birkenhead are well within raiding range. In Birkenhead volunteer architects are acting in an advisory capacity on the provision of shelters. Two schemes are being prepared, one to provide shelter immediately, and the other to have power to enter upon private property. National air raid shelter policy, TEE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Nov. 3, No, 2440, Vol, 48, p, 2292 Substance of a memorandum submitted to the Home Secretary by A.R.P, Coordinating committee urging government to build adequate communual shelters. Notes and News - Communal air raid shelters THE BUILDER (London)“ 1939, Dec, 22, Vol. 157, No. 5050, p. 843 Designs for communal shelters for use in large towns and cities and to bo built of relnforcod concrete which can be constructed either above or below ground; suitable for both, dry and water- logged soils. Passive Defense LE GENIE CIVIL Pavier, M. Jean 1939, July 22, Vol, 115, No. 4, 23p, An outline of the various types of shelters. These shelters can be classified as follows (1) shelters built under the lawns of the public parks (2) Communal shelters under buildings (3) special communal shelters (4 ) official colliotivo shelters, A protected mailing department for an institute THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Dec. 29, Vol. 157, No. 5056, p. 877-878 Information concerning the design, accommodation, materials, etc. are given for the construction 2 33 of this bomb-proof building, responsible for the safety of records and having also a large mailing department. Opportunity was also taken to afford shelter accommodation for 120 persons. Protected shelters for the royal Borough of Ken- sington“" THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 13, No. 5045, p. 557. Pictures Provision is being made in the borough for pub- lic shelters to accommodate approximately 13,000 persons, by moans of shelter trenches, capable of housing 5,000 persons and strengthened base- ment premises for accommodating the remaining 13,000. Public Air Raid shelters-Dual nurpose Structures TitE 3UILDER”TLöndcm] Clough, Sydney 1940, April 12, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5071, p. 449-450 Stresses public shelters and their peace time use as car parks. Sketches shown of the plan for combination car park and air raid shelter, Kings- ton on Thames. Shelter for 5,000 under military objective NEWS CHRONICLE '(London)' 1941, Feb. 28, No, 29, 583, p. 5 Article on proper capacity for air raid shelters, holds that dispersal should be provided for, in order that one bomb would not kill so many. The shelter problem. Air Defense League Bulletin THN OTTTdEH TConHonT 1939, April 7, Vol. 156, No. 5018, p. 669 Shelters should be located near at hand. Shallow shelters afford loss protection than deep shel- ters, Industrial shelters Important in maintain- ing the nation’s war effort; street shelters necessary in providing freedom of movement by citizens. Erection of clear signs in streets showing location of shelters. Shelter provisions TES MUNICIPAL JOURKAL (London) 1039, Sept. 15, Ho. 2433, Vol. 48, p. 2035 The report of the Housing Committee shows that 54 communal centers accommodating 2,700 persons 234 had been erected in existing flats and 69 base- ment shelters accommodating.2,8Q0 persons in new flats. The Committee has In prospect, the erec- tion of 582 communal and basement shelters for the accommodation of 24,100 persons, Southampton’s air raid shelter problems TKS MUNICIPAL JÜÜRÜAirAND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMIN- ISTRATOR (London) 1940, Sept, 6, Vol, 49, No. 2484, p. 1149 Difficulties overcome by Southampton in the pro- vision of many types of air raid shelters for a large population. SHELTERS, CONCRETE The Air and the citizen THĘ ROUHD TABLE (London) 1938, Sepii Vol, 2, p. 217 - , A: roviewof.measures taken by Germany, Prance and England in the interest of civilian-defense, Emphasis is placed upon the building of air raid shelters as a means of civilian protection; shel- ters" äre being built of reinforced, concrete. The .'responsibilities of local authorities in connec- tion with civilian protection is stressed. Air raid precautions THE GXs~’ WORK'D {London) 1939 ’August 26, No, 2373, Vol. 91,. p. 167 Illustr. A new type of air raid shelter;designed to comply with the, requirements of the Civil Defence Act. The shelters—are .constructed on the unit principle from precast .concrete segments, reinforced-with steel rods. The segments* are .20 in, wide, a pair of them forming an arch 7 ft. high. A.R.P. trenches in Islington " ' k : TUET BTTiM' 1939, Feb. 3, Vol, 156, No. 5009, p, 254-256 Plans of the first public trench shelter to be made concrete; four different methods of revetment used, three involving the use of precast units and the fourth being an ”ln situ” method. ”Tusoon” precast trench construction method devised for a precast system of permanent lining to ARP trenches, or as. .lining for trenches already excavated. 235 Civil defense front news THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAlTTLondon) 1940, Aug. 16, Vol, 49, No. 2481, p. 1060 Discusses the importance of cement in the construc- tion of sheltersj the different type of shelters in various areas, costs of the several types of shelters. A concrete air raid shelter built without steel THE' ■ßUILDER^TLondonl 1940, Aug. 16, Vol; CLIX, No. 5089, jfP* 168-170 Due to present difficulty of obtaining steel, a design is released for an unreinforced concrete air raid shelter which gives the degree of pro- tection recommended by the Ministry of Home Security, Concrete Balls THITMMTCTPRX“JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 17, No. 2403, Vol. 48, p, 383 Concrete Balls - 15" or 18” in diameter piled in pyramid fashion above a trench or shelter deflects the bomb and dissipates its energy. Concrete Bomb Shelters at Leicester Electricity Station THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL .AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, May 5, No. 2414, Vol. 48, p. 1002 Description of the shelters designed for employees at the generating station of the Leicester Elec- tricity Department, Concrete domestic surface shelters riTEEr BUILDER (London) 1939, Nov. 24, Vol. 157, p. 736 Concrete for ARP shelters THErMUNlCIFAL“TUUmm""a'ondon) 1939, March 24, Vol, 48, No, 2408, p.’ 687 Municipalities and other public authorities are receiving information of three forms of protection in case of air raids. Lining for trenches, under- ground shelters and bomb deflectors, all utilizing reinforced concrete as the defensive material. Units can be placed in position at the site by unskilled laborers. Carefully treated with a water-proofing compound the trench can be made reasonably water-proof. Units are delivered to the site as and when required in a matured condition. 236 Concreting of Air Raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 23, No. 2421, Vol. 48, p. 1453 Compares pre-cast concrete and steel construction with in-situ reinforced concrete construction- The latter favored* Domestic garden sheIters in-situ reinforced concrete THE BUILDER (London) 1940, 1an. 26, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5060, p. 133 Although the above ground or surface splinter proof shelter possesses undoubted advantages, the below ground or partly buried shelter is in some cases to be preferred. Notes and news- Communal air raid shelters THE BUILDEFTLondon] 1939, Dec. 22, Vol. 157, No. 5050, p. 843 A design for communal air raid shelters for the populacfe of large towns and cities is of rein- forced concrete and can be constructed either above or below ground- suitable for both dry and water logged soils. The pill-box concrete shelter MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, April 14, No. 2411, Vol. 48, p. 836 Illustr. The pill-box type of concrete shelter,designed by the Cement and Concrete Association, is in- tended primarily for erection by a builder on behalf of private residents, but can be adapted for public use. Rapid hardening of concrete THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 6, No. 2436, Vol. 48, p. 2155 A process for accelerating the setting and harden- ing of concrete is being developed by Imperial Chemical Industries. This would be of value in the building of air raid shelters, etc. Details of this new process are contained in a booklet- "Calcium chloride for accelerating the Hardening of Portland Cement”, obtainable from Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd., London. Resistance of concrete to high explosives EMgTNEERTNG"TL5n3onT’ 1939, March 31, Vol. 147, pt. 2, p, 386 Results of tests of 3 textures and grades of concrete. 237 Staff Air Raid Shelters, St. Marylebone Town Hall BUIIDEH (London) 1940, Jan. 12, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5053, p. 71 A transformer room and three compartments for stor- age. accommodation to be used as air raid shelters for the Town Hall Staff in time of emergency. Of concrete construction with the necessary reinforce- ments. Lighting, heating and ventilation provided. Waterproofing of concrete shelters THE PARTHENON TLondon) 1941, March, Vol. XV, No. 6, pp. 65-68 Instructions for making structures water tight. SHELTERS - CONSTRUCTION Builders and ARP THE INDIAN COSCFTETE JOURNAL (Bombay, India) 1940, March, Vol. 14, No. 3, p. 89 A description of systems and materials of construc- tion for air raid shelters, and a discussion of the report of a committee of the Institution of Struc- tural Engineers on air raid precautions. Construction of air raid shelters BUILD IN G STANDARDS MONTHLY Glover, C.W. 1940, January, pp, 4-10 (In Protection Construction Collection) Reprinted through the courtesy of ”The Municipal Journal and Public Works Engineer” of London, England. Construction of air raid shelters VESTNIH PROTIVOZDUSHNOI 030RDNY(Review of anti-aerial defense)(Moscow) Jashchln, G. 1934, Vol. 1, pp, 42-50. Illustrations. A compilation of information on the construction of a-z shelters. Constructional work on air raid shelters and other protective measures (a paper; abridged) JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTION OP CIVIL ENGINEERS (London) Gierke, Robert William Goodwin 1939, April,Vol. 11, No, 6, pp. 573-584 The application of Home Office and ARP recommenda- tions covering protection of personnel, protection from gas, incendiary, and light explosive bombs; blast fragmentation, impact and penetration of light bombs; demolition and concussion. Diagrams. 238 Construction of doors for air-raid shelters. VESTNIK PR CT IV OZ DUS HŃ 01 OB OR OHM TRe view of anti- aircraft defense ) (Mosccw) Malinin 1937, No. 6, pp. 23-28 illustration The doors of an air-raid shelter must be (a) air- tight, preventing the penetration of gases and retaining the air pressure inside the shelter. (b) Tile doors of the air raid shelters must be able to resist the air pressure created by explo- sions. Details of the const rue 11on of the s e doors shown. Dome stic sheIter THE 'BUILDER''(Toridon) 1939, May 12, Vol. ,65, p. 912 Directions for the erection of domestic surface shelters. The following aspects stres seid: (1) increased accommodation (2) location of the shelter (3) erection of shelters (4-) materials (o) types of floors, walls roofs, lintels and steel pr ot ec t e d exit s. How to construct shelters in your factory or office BUSINESS (London) 1939, Vol. 69, No. 5, p. 19-42-44 Methods of constructing industrial shelters. SHELTERS - EQUIPMENT ARP: some notes on equipment BANKER ("London) 1938, December, Vol. 48, p, 268-273 Illustr. This article treats the shelter In the bank building from the point of view of capacity, ventilation und illumination; gas attacks and aerial bombardments; comparative figures shelter capacities, As you make your bed JEWISH (THRONIGLE iLondon) 1940, Nov, 22, p, II Illustration. Solutions suggested to the problems of sleeping, heating and ventilation in air raid shelters. i , Bunks for shelters BUI LDkfTT London) 1940, Nov. 1, Vol. CLIX, No. 5100 The decision of the Ministry of Home Security to provide one million bunks for shelters. The types 239 of bunks suitable for use in shelters, spacing, arrangement and comfort are considered here. Bunks in air raid-shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Nov. B, No. 22/+3, Vol. 49, p. 1426-27 The A.R.P, Committee of the Association of Archi- tects, Surveyors, and Technical Assistants has considered the question of the provisions of bunks in the communal air-raid shelters, and offers suggestions as to the suitable designs. Civil defense front news THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL' (London) 1940, Dec. 27, Vol. 49, No. 2300, p. 1653 The tunnel air raid shelters in the city of Ramsgate; the fire risks in tunnel shelters; can- vassers for shelter requirements; the provision made to secure bunks; the bunking arrangements in the shelters; provisions made for persons made homeless by air raids. Electric Water Heaters for ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL "{London! 1939, Sept. 15, No. 2433- Vol. 46, p. 2045 The St, Pancras Electricity Department has re- cently completed an ARP decontamination shower installation. The mechanical preparedness of an air raid shelter HÜH'NETZERIdÜHE' BÄUZÜITTIINGT”fGerman y3 von Rechtler, H.C. 1939, Sept. 2, Vol. 114, p. 113-117. Shelter comfort at Stoke Newington; demonstrations with bunks and a method of converting damaged houses into shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AI© LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 22, Vol, 49, p. 1494 Illustrations Description of a demonstration of family type surface shelters. Each shelter is fitted with bunks, sleeping-bags and pillows. This type, it is claimed, gives a degree of privacy which the ordinary public shelter lacks. 240 War-time building practice...shelters and shelter equipment... THE BUILDER (London) Butler, R. Gottereil 1941, Jan. 10, p. 32-34; Jan. 24, p. 102-104; Feb. 7, p. 149-151; Feb. 14, p. 173-175 What our readers say. Seats for air-raid protection THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL ,(London")- 1940, July 12, No. 2470, Vol. 49, p. 902 Because of shortage of timber, there are too few seats in the shelters. What to stock for the air raid shelter ELECTRICAL TRADING AND RADIO MARKETING (London) 1940, Oct., Vol. 11, No. 132, p. 35-38 Illustr. The changing character of the air raid shelter,■ its increasing use as a dormitory for the people, is bringing a demand for new heating, ventilation and other electrical equipment. SHELTERS - GARDENS Domestic garden shelters in-situ reinforced concrete TEE'"HUILDEH {London) 1940, Jan. 26, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5060, p. 133 Although the above ground or surface splinter XDroof shelter possesses undoubted advantages, the below ground or partly buried shelter is in some cases to be preferred. Looking North THE MUNICIPAL .JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 24, Vol. 48, No. 2408, p. 980 Bradford is one of the towns in receipt of garden shelters which are in course of delivery to the extent of 13,000.v Practically all the trenches were filled in," but recently the City Engineer submitted to a special committee, schemes for the construction of permanent trenches on 11 sites and the construction of an underground garage which would be available as an underground shelter in an emergency, ' 2Zfl SHELTERS, GAS PROOF Architectural air protection- - how Europe provides gas shelters for civilians ÄRÜY OHDNANCETWashington) Schoszberger, Hans. 1935, Sept, Oct. Vol. 16, p, 95-100 Illustr. fig. Architectural air protection consists of three phases: (a) the building of shelters (b) measures of air protection in constructing buildings (c) the relations existing between town planning and air protection. Chemical in War Prentiss, Augustin Mitchell (New York YiLondon) p, 567-571. Diagrams, photos, tables, etc. Gas-Proof Shelters, provisions and use of gas proof shelters where personnel may work, sleep, rest and eat in a gas free atmosphere. Civil aerial protection Róskoten, Richard Industrie-Verlag und Druckerei 1932, pp, 54- Air warning,9 air raid shelter precautions against gas bombing; smoke screens; black-outs; organized masses. Civilian'Gas Defense ' ARMY ORDNANCE"(Washington) Frontiss, A.M. Vol, 18, No, 106, Jan-Feb, 1938, p, 205-209 Survep of recent American and British types of gas masks and permeable protective suits; also features of British gasproof shelter, etc. The doors and windows of- air raid shelters VESTNIK PR OTIV OZDUSHN 01 OB OR ONTTReview of anti- aerial defense) (Moscow) 1937, No. 1, pp, 53-57 Illustration,plans, diagrams. Directions for building gas-proof windows and doors. A factory stronghold shelter THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Mar. 24, Vol, 156, p. 14-16 Details as to the construction of factory shelter at Brentford, Middlesex. Earth excavated to a depth of 21 ft; 47 gas-proof steel doors fixed 2 42 in structure; ventilating and filtering plant on the plenum system; fresh water contained in stor- age tank conveyed via prasser tanks. Accom- modations for 760 persons. Gas proof shelters KNIZlhlT'LETOFIS (Eibliography of books) (Moscow) Trach, V.D. 1940, No, 48, 240pp.' Illustrations, pl.ans. Planned A.R.P. by Tecton THE ARCHITECTURAL PRESS (London) 1939, Juno, Vol, 85, No. 511, p. 303-305 This book is entirely concerned with methods of protection from explosive bombs, though inciden- tally the main type of shelter recommended is ful- ly gas-proof. In this review by J.B.S. Haldane there are a series of illustrations and drawings by T.G. Cullen. Portable gas shelters VEST Hl K PR CTIV OZDITSHN 01 OB CRONY (Review of aircraft defense) Garovnikov, V.I. pp. 25-32, Illustration. Gas proof shelters which can be used in home-air raid shelters, in cellars,- or can bo installed outside, SHELTERS-GOVERNMENT-POLICIES A.A.S.T.A.- Lectures• on A. R. P, THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 27, Vol. 157, No. 5047, p. 614' In an opening lecture in a series being given by the Association of Architects, Surveyors, and Technical Assistants, Mr. Sedloy dealt with the legal •-probioms of A.R.P., and the rights and duties of local authorities. An air raid shelter policy THE BUI IDEA ("London ) 1940, July 26, Vol. CLIX, No. 5068, p. 90 A deputation of the A.R.P. Co-ordinating commit- tee presented a memorandum on air raid shelter accommodation to the Ministry of Home Security, urging construction of blast and splinter proof shelter which could subsequently be strengthened. 2 43 Air raid shelter policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Oct. 25, No. 2491, Völ. 49, p. 136B Mr. Herbert Morrison, Minister of Home Security, announces that the Government will in the future reimburse to Local authorities the whole cost of contracts for the construction and equipment of shelters, provided that reasonable economy is practiced* Air-raid shelter reforms in Birmingham; City Council dealing 'with disorderly conduct” THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR {London) 1940, Nov. 22, Vol. 49, P. 14B? Discussion of reforms intended to give better sanitation, improved ventilation, protective measures against spreading of disease, easier seating,supply of bunks. Air Raid Shelters LANCETTLondon) 1939, Feb. 18, No, 8, No. 6026, Vol. 236, p. 4&3 Discussions of the Government’s policy in regard to the provision of bomb-proof shelters. Quick- est form of limited protection is the short-term policy of steel shelters. Most permanent struc- ture, concrete pill-boxes. Each shelter to be self-contained and include a complete air-condi- tioning system. Air raid shelters THE BUILDER (London) 1940, Sept. 13, Vol. CLIX, No. 5093, p. 251 Description of efforts to alter official policies on air raid shelters. Architects and Surveyors press for deep shelters; further criticism of Government policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 22, Vol. 49, p. 1439 Statements on building of air-raid shelters issued from the annual general meeting of the Association of Architects, Surveyors, and Technical Assistants held November 9, 1939. 244 A.R.P. service news MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, April 7, No. 2410, Vol. 48, p. 776 Short notes on progress of shelter building pro- gram at Sheffield, West Riding. Bradford, Horn- sey, and Brighton. Also a description of the elab- orate shelters built for factory employees by the Austin Motor Company. A.R.P. service news THE (London) 1939, NCv. 24, No. 2443, Vol. 48, p. 2392 Brief notes on the construction of shelters at Leeds, Cheshire, Ipswich, Finchley, Birkenhead, Newcastle and Glasgow. Birmingham Shelter Improvements THE HÖNI Cl PAL JOURNAL (London p" ■ 1940, Oct. 25, No. 2491, Vol. 49, p. 1372 Birmingham Emergency Committee is arranging • shelter improvements, including, ventilation, heating, better sealing-and sanitation, treatment of objectionable people, and the segregation of women and children in reserved units containing sleeping bunks. The civil defense front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, Jan. 10, Vol. 49, No. 2502, p. 37 Discusses demands by cities for grants to defray expenses of air raid shelters; rate ability of Warden posts; action to improve shelters that become unusable in bad weather. Construction of new type shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNALlLonäon) ' 1941, April 11, Vol. 49, No. 2515, p. 443 Describes type of shelters that-comply with Govern- ment regulations. Derby A.R.P. shelter policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 13, No. 2437, Vol, 48, p. 2206 Underground shelters not favored here because of slight depth at which water is reached when ex- cavating. 245 Difficulties of Staff shortages THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, Jan. 10, Vol. 49, No. 2502, p.' 35 Discusses serious shortage of workers in the London Gas area. Provincial help was sought hut the demand for workers in the provinces was so great that none could- be released for the London area. The Government and deep shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOUENÄLTLöndon) 1940, Not.. 8, No. 2494, Vol. 49, p. 1413 It has been the decision of the Minister of Home Security, after expert advice, that anything like a universal policy of deep shelter for the whole population or the greater pert of it, is beyond the bounds of practical possibility. The Government’s shelter policy THE BUILDER (LondoiT) 1940, Aug. 2, Vol. CLIX, No. 5091, p. 116 A criticism of the Government shelter policy by the A.A.S.T.A. Home office’s air raid shelter policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL G0VERN1ISMT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Aug. 2, No. 2479, Vol. 49, p. 100? Anomalies are noted in the policies of the Home office on the supplying of free shelters to house- holders. Communal shelters should be substituted where possible, for privately held shelters. London authorities and official shelter policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1941, Feb. ?, No.. 2506, Vol. 49, p. 154 Report on a conderence on A.R.P. matters for councillors and administrative officers in the London area- called by the Association of Archi- tects, Surveyors and Technical assistants and the National A.R.P. Co-ordinating Committee. The conclusion reached by the Conference was that , much higher standards of health, welfare and safety are both necessary and practicable. 246 aj-r raid shelters comfortable THE MUNICIPAL “ L--L1, '-an, 10, Vol. 49, Ho, 2502, p. 46 Discusses shelter conduct in general: Children should not be in shelters but evacuated to coanorj; the idle time of shelter groups should be used Do educational advantage; possibilities of comforts in shelters. łnlhęTiester’ s policy unchanged f0URNAL MI) LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- iJttArOH (London) !940, Oct. 25, Vol, 49, p. 1372 A report on Manchester’s shelter program, giving number of each type of air raid shelter, and problems arising from tendency of public to suend longer periods in shelters. More air raid shelters wanted f0URLTAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINTS- 1RATOR (London) 1940, July 26, No. 247s., Vol. 49, p. 930 Review of the report of the Association of Archi- Surveyors and Technical Assistants pointing out the shortcomings of the Government’s -air raid sne Der policy. General principles for better shelter policy are suggested, Mopo and better shelters? THE MUNICIPAL 'JOURNAL (London) Morrison, Herbert 194D K?P h No- 2492> Vo1- 49, p. 1332 results of a survey of communal shelters. Rec- ommends adoption of large shelters in preference to domestic type. The new A.R.P. THE ECONOMIST (London) 1940 Got 19 Vo!, (mm, No. 5069, p. 485 “j - haid conditions are now for London and other a way of life, and civil defense policy has had to be widened and modified accordingly. Low Policy for shelters THE OBSERVER "TLondon"] 1940, Oct. 20, No. 7,795, p. 7 A plan to Construction of approved air raid shelters. The Government to reimburse local contractors. 247 Notes and Comments THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. 49, No. 2487, p. 1243 A discussion of the following subjects: air raid shelter policy; deep shelters; passenger transport difficulties; air raid damage insurance. Notes and C omment s THE MUNICIPAL-JOURNAL (London) 1940, Oct. 18, Vol. 49, No. 2490, p. 1331 Comments on air raid shelter policy: application of the Factories Act to public institutions; compulsory insurance■against war damage; impor- tance of local government officers in wartime. Official air raid shelter policy 'THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London]- 1940, Nov. 1, Vol. 49, No. 2492, p. 138$ Comments on the vicissitudes of the Government shelter policy since the outbreak of the war. The official air-raid shelter policy THE MUNICIPAL'JOURNAL (London) 1940, Nov. 15, No. 2494, Vol. 49, p. 1453 Insists upon more energetic action by British Government in providing adequate protection from air raids. Suggests requisitioning of modern steel framed reinforced concrete buildings- the type that have best withstood bombing. Attention is called to the problems of health and sanitation still unsolved in the shelters. Official shelter policy THE' MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, July 26, No. 2478, Vol. 49, p. 978 Urges importance of bomb-resisting air-raid shel- ters. Attention is directed to duplication of shelters resulting from provision of shelters by different sources for same person according to where he is- at home, in the street, or at work. Deplores unfortunate results of official policy on distribution of Anderson shelters.. Pros end Cons of deep air raid shelters fübltüttohks 1 Engineer (London) 1939, May 5, No. 2414, Vol. 43, p. 992 Comments of various experts on the Governments opposition to the principle of deep shelters in favor of dispersed shelters. 248 Provision of air raid shelters THE BUILDER (London)" 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. LCIX, No. 5095, p. 303 A statement by Sir John Anderson that his depart- ment would do everything possible to insure sup- plies of necessary materials,0 that local author- ities had been urged to press on as rapidly as possible with the provision of air raid shelters, Ramsgate air-raid shelter THE ELECTETCAL REVIEW "( London) 1940, Jan, 19, No, 3243, Vol. 126, p. 66 The Ramsgate tunnel, England1s finest air-raid shelter, has been visited by ARP experts from all over the Country, More than four and one half miles of tunnel are linked together under the town, providing accommodations for 34,000 people# Further extensions are contemplated, and eventual- ly every inhabitant of Ramsgate will be able to find shelter. Shelter controversy reviewed; pros and cons of deep and shallow defenses ' THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRAT OR (London) 1939, June 2, No. 2418, Vol, 48, p. 1249 Different types of shelters should bo used accord- ing to the nature of the area to be served. Shelter for civilians in modern warfare CIVIL ENGINEERING (New York) 1941, May 1, Vol. 11, No. 3, p. 157 Protection must be planned far ahead. People pre- fer deep underground shelters. Types and costs of shelters. Surface shelters not good protection. Shelter policy THE EC ONOMIST' (London) ■ 1941, Feb. 15, Vol. 140, No, 5030,,p. 210 Shelters-policy and practice TIME'AND TIDE (London") 1941, Jan, 11, Vol, 22, No. 2, p, 22 The team work between departments under Mr, Church ill’s leadership is noted as an encouraging fea- ture. Reallocation of responsibility as regards shelters between the Ministries of Health and Home Security is a good example. Amicable arrangement which puts indoor shelter management under the 249 Ministry of Health and makes Home. Security.respon- sible for construction and safety is clearly a sensible division of labor. Should public shelters be locked? THE Mini Cl PAL journal and LOCAL government ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Sept. 6, No. 2484, Vol. 49, p. 1145 The general policy has been to unlock "closed" shelters on the sounding of the air raid siren. It has been found that there are unfortunate re- sults attendant upon leaving shelters unrestrict- edly open, S outhampton’s air r ai d shelter prob 1 eins THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Sept. 6, Vol. 49, No. 2464, p, 1149 Discusses difficulties overcome in protecting a large population. How the city cf Southampton solved the problem of protecting its population in air raid shelters. SHELTERS-HALDANE Control of concrete (A Bishop’s plea for shelter) THE OBSERVER7' { London) 1940, Dec. 1, No. 7801, p, 10 Government urged to take over cement industries and work to full capacity. Effectiveness of various types of shelters. Reasons outlined for not building concreto Haldane shelters, Haldane shelters requested THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) ■ 1940, Nov. 8, Vol, 49, No. 2493, p. 1413 It is stated that the Haldane shelters are splinter and blast proof and can be made bomb-proof with reinforced concrete. It is-ideal as a communual shelter for congested areas, and can bo fitted with lighting, heating and proper lavatory ac- commodations . The "Two Stage'shelter” TEE BUILDER (London) 1940, Sept. 13, Vol. CLIX, No, 5093, p, 253 ARP co-ordinating committees deputation to Sir John Anderson. The main proposals arc as follows» (1) the widespread and immediate 250 construction of the two-stage type shelter advocated by the committee, and how christened "The Haldane shelter". Essential features: - rapid construction, blast and splinter proof, and completely strengthened to be bomb-proof. SHELTERS - KEATING Electric heaters in shelters THl: BUILDER (London)“ 1941, Feb. 7, Vol. CLX, No. $114, p. 148 An electric heater, provided the supply install- ation is carefully arranged and is not of the exposed element type, is'satisfactory if it does not consume valuable air* Electric heating of air-raid^shelter 1941, March 28, Vol. 1$1, No. 3924 Electricity replaces the common stove in air raid shelters. Electric heating of air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAlTLondonl " 1941, March 7, pp. 281-292 Describes several types of electric heaters which conform to British standard specifications for the electric heating of air raid shelters. Electric heating of air raid shelters IHE MUiirciP.U7T0UMALn"LönUon‘r^~ 1941, March 7, Vol. 49, No. 2510, p. 281 Three types of electric heaters for air raid shelters which habe been approved by the Ministry of Health. Electric heating of shelters Jim' 'Am UUIT^ATns'limW’tLondon) 1941, March 7, Vol. 142, No. 3081, p. 29$ The Ministry of Health recognises the need of artificial heating in air raid shelters, and this B.S. specification has now been issued with the approval of the Ministry. Finchley to heat shelters electrically THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1941, Fan. 17, Vol. 49, p. 82 Notwithstanding the recommendation of a govern- ment advisory committee that heating should not he provided in public air raid shelters, Finchley Borough Council decided to use electricity for heating and ventilating its public shelters. Heating air raid shelters Tr'01 Ml)~Al7YRm'g MlSł (London) 1940, Dec, 20, Vol. CXLI, No. 3799, The use of gas-fired and electric heaters in surface shelters. Heating an air raid shelter . IRON .AND COAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1940, Dec. 20, Vol. 141, p. 647. Diagrams Discusses*gas fired and electric heaters, and the problems of control of radiation, ventila- tion and purification. The heating of air raid shelters THE METAL INDUSTRY Ttohdon) 1941, Feb. 7 Vol. 58, No. 6, p. 151 A discussion of the problems involved in the heat- ing of air raid shelters. The disadvantages of many well known forms of gas and electric heaters for air raid shelter purposes are commented upon. Heating of air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'" (London) 1941, Feb. 28, Vol. 49, No. 2509, p. 247 Stresses the need for suitable heating arrange- ments in air raid shelters. Heating is needed for comfort.and also to keep the shelter interior dry. Standard specifications for heaters issued by the British Government. Keeping the air raid shelter dry THE ELECTRTCTM 1940, Nov. 15, Vol. 125, No. 20 A.discussion of the importance of proper heating in air raid shelters to keep them dry. Suitable heaters described. Shelter heating ThS ELECTRICAL REVIEW Ltd, (London) 1941, March 21, Vol. 128, No. 3304, p. 479 Heating equipment developed by the Morthmet Co. 252 Shelter warming TEE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1940, Dec. 6, Vol. CXVIII, No. 3289, p. 103 Particulars of the physical characteristics to be allowed for in the heating of air raid shelters are given in the E.D.S. Bulletin for Sept.-Oct. Shelters with sick bays, heating and happiness NEWS CHRONICIE-("London) 1941, lan. 6, No. 29,537, p. 5 Action taken by London Air Raid Shelter Chief on plans to better shelter life, maintain morale and safeguard health among those occupying the shelters. Solid fuel air raid shelter stove THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 19U, Vol. 49, No. 2511, p. 331 The ¥. and M. stove specially designed for use in all types of small air raid shelters and ■warden’s post. Easily regulated and meets the requirements for heat and economy. May be used for boiling water and heating food. Wartime winter warmth THE ELECTRICAL AGE (London) 1941, Jan. Vol. 3, No. 21. Electrical equipment for the heating of shelters. What to stock for the air raid shelters METRICAL TRADING AND RADIO MARKETING (London) 1940, Oct. Vol. 11, No. 132, pp. 35-38 The changing character of the air raid shelter- its Increasing use as a dormitory for the people- is bringing a demand for new heating, ventilation and other electrical equipment. Why Stretford rejects coal stoves in refuges THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1941, Jan. 24, Vol. 49, No.. 2504, p. 108 Coal fired shelter stoves condemned, considered a danger to shelters, would stimulate unpleasant- ness, frustrate gas proofing in case of emergency. Electric heating presents the only means of main- taining a suitable temperature in the shelters. Should be Installed with lighting. 253 SHELTERS - HYGIENE Aids to health in shelters THE MUNIG IPaTT"JOURNAL 1 London) 1940, Dec. 6, Vol. 49, No. 2497, p, 1564 A discussion of equipment and materials for use in air raid shelters; easily applied germicides, me- chanical air purfier, methods of destroying lice, sterilizing lamps, need for heating, precise com- bustion control. Air raid shelter provision THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL '(London) 1941, Jan. 10, Vol. 49, No. 2502, p. 41 Discusses the measures taken by the Government to improve the comfort and health of the people using air raid shelters. States that thirty-four million ear plugs have been issued to local authorities for use of the civilian populations. Air rigid shelter reforms in Birmingham; City council dealing Vith *idlsorderly“ conduct THE MUNIGIPAL~JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 22, Vol. 49, p. 1487 Discussion of reforms intended to give bettor san- itation, Improved ventilation, protective measures against spreading of diseases, easier seating, supply of bunks, Air raid shelters and health problems resulting from their use THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, April 11, Vol. 49, No, 2515, p. 433 In a paper to Royal Society of Arts, Lord Border discussed ARP shelters and health problems. Outlines results of Lord Border’s Investigations. Recommends corrective measures. Air raid shelters must be given particular attention BUSINESS TLondon) “ 1940, Nov, Vol. LXX, No, 1, p. 18 The spraying of ARP shelters is of vital impor- tance . Bexley’s shelter health measures tnd’tztcht*government adminis - TRATOR (London) 1941, Peb. 7, Vol. 49, No. 2506, p. 158 Recommendations of the Clerk to Kent County Council concerning desirable hygienic measures for shelters. Suggests medical and nursing services to be continually available. Bristol tackles shelter health problems TEE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1941, Jan. 31, Vol. 49, No. 2505, p. 128 Bristol city council appoints a doctor and two nurses to act in advisory and administrative capacity on air raid shelter health problems. Conditions in shelters JEWISH CHRONICLE(London) 1940, Nov, 15, pp. 1, 12 Criticism of conditions in shelters; complaints of shelterers; need for health measures, recre- ational facilities. Conference on health conditions in rest centers and air raid shelters PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1940, Nov., Vol. LIV, No. 2, p, 24 Measures designed, to prevent epidemics in rest centers and air raid shelters. Notes impracti- cability of demands that persons suffering from infectious diseases be excluded. Solution con- sists in reducing numbers using shelters by evacuation of population to. less crowded parts of the country. The disinfection of communal air raid shelters TIE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'"(London!- 1940, Dec. 6, Vol. 49, No. 2497, p. 1552 Discussion of importance of disinfecting air raid shelters. Outlines various uses for dis- infectants and makes recommendations for the different solutions to be used in each case. Health in air raid shelters TIE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL' (London) - 1940, Dec. 6, Vol. 49, No. 2497, p. 1547 A comolete discussion of the health problems 255 in the large city shelters and what can he done to solve them. Health hazards more dangerous than enemy bombs. Health in air raid shelters (continued from pre- ceding 1s suej THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Dec. 15, Vol. 49, p. 1598 Recommendations from the report of Lord Herderł committee on air raid shelters, government action in relation to them, and the measure which certain local authorities have adopted in tackling this problem. Health in air raid shelters mirmmciYKL TütmuirrröHdon) 1941, March 7, Vol. 49, No. 2510, p. 297 An outline of the investigation being conducted by an American doctor to determine why there have been no serious epidemics in communal shelters. Suggests that reasons for the absence of epidemics is more important than reasons for them. Health in shelters THE ECONOMIST ■(London) 1940, Nov. 23, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 5074 Describes the danger to health because of crowded public shelters. Notes that the health of the whole communities can be jeopardized because of this condition. Health safeguards in air raid shelters. Further recommendations of Lord Horder* s' coniiittee HOUSING AND PLANNING NEWS -BULLETIN 1941, March, pp. 4-5 A digest of the ’’Hordor-Committeo” with reference to health conditions in shelters. A list of commlttee recommendations given. Hygiene of air raid shelters PUBLIC HEALTH (LondorTT~ 1941, Jan, Vol. LIV, No. 4, p. 62 The on-set of the air offensive led to the deser- tion of the domestic or surface shelter for the communal underground shelter. Many of the latter had never been intended as shelters and caused a serious public health situation. Most serious problems were overcrowding, uncleanliness, venti- lation, sanitation, dampness, inadeoxuate lighting and heating, etc. 256 Ideas wanted for shelter improvement THETMÜNICIPAL JOURNAL-(Londönl 1940, Nov. 1, Vol. 49, No* 2492, p. 1381 prizes are given for the best essays on the constructing and management of air raid shelters, with special reference to ventilation, heating, sanitation and the provision of sleeping accom- modation. Lord Horder’s comments on shelter health and comfort THE~MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (LonlTonl 1941, Peb. 28, Vol. 49, No. 2509, p. 253 Comments on shelter comfort in general: the question of closing unsanitary shelters, without sufficient shelters being available for protec- tion, The policy of dispersal thought sound by Lord Border’s committee. Maintaining public health shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL . (London] 1940, Nov. 1, Vol. XLIX, No. 2492, p. 1382 A good deal is being done in protecting the health of the people who use communal shelters. First aid and medical attention given to those who need treatment. Making air raid shelters comfortable THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) ' 1940, Dec. 27, Vol. 49, No. 2500, p. 1649 The examination of the problem of health in air raid shelters brings forth very useful notes on imporving amenities, sleeping facilities, ven- tilation and heating, sanitation and lighting. Medical supervision and attendance at public air raid sheiters. ■JUSTICE! OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, Nov. 9, Vol. 104, p. 626 Provision made for medical inspection of shelters and for medical attendance there in case of accidents or illness. More shelter recommendations THE ECONOMIST (London) 1941, Jan. Vol. 140, No. 5080, p, 7-8 Lord Border’s Committee on health in shelters tells of the crowded conditions in public shelters; how different diseases are spotted and cared for. 2 57 More shelters wanted WE~OBSERVES (London) 1940, Sept,-29, No. 7792, p.’7 A demand to overhaul existing shelters; provisions for new shelters with proper sanitation. Notes and comments THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Dec, 6, Vol. 49, No. 2497, p, 1555 A discussion of Public Health problems in air raid shelters. States that conditions in some shelters in the city of London have become so deplorable that people refuse to use them, pre- ferring the insecurity of their homes. Members of the House of Commons state that an attempt is being made by local authorities to push the shelter responsibility onto the central govern- ment . Prevention of Infection in public air raid shelters JUSTICE OF THE PEACE '(LondonT 1940, Doc. 14, Vol, 104, p. 699 Outline of the measures suggested by the Minister of Health (Circular 2231) The problem of the shelters THE OBSERVER iLondon") 1940, Nov. 24, No. 7800, p. 8 The problem of health and security in air raid shelters; recommendations from the Horder Committee; the drive for Medical air posts in all largo shelters. Sanitation for air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL J0ÜRNÄITTLondon)“ 1939, May 5, Vol. 48, No. 2414, p. 1022 Describes Elsan Chemical closets which are, said to moot the desirable hygienic standards, are convenient and inexpensive. Shelter colds THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Oct. 25, Vol. 49, No. 2491, p. 1349 A group of members of Parliament who are inter- ested in ARP problems consider the possibilities of colds and other ailments becoming prevalent among people who use the air raid shelters dur- ing the v/inter. 258 Shelters and cold NEWSWEEK 1940, Nov, 11, Vol. 16, No. 21, p, 29 A warning by the British Minister of Health that the greatest threat during the winter would be from damp and poorly heated shelters. The British Medical Journal called, health the biggest problem of bombed Britain, Mentions the looting of bombed homes and the problem this presents. Shelter spraying at Bristol THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'(London) 1941, Jan. 17, Vol. 49, No. 2503, p, 78 Explains the technique of spraying shelters with disinfectants in the city of Bristol, Lists the kinds and amount of equipment needed for the spraying, of air raid shelters in general. Stepney shelters criticised JEWISH CHRONICLE Woridon) 1940, Oct, 11, p. 15 Some of the major problems to be corrected in shelters i disease prevention. SHELTERS-INDUSTRIAL Air raid shelters for persons working in factories, mines and 'buildings, etc • ’ • BRITISH LIBRARY CP INFORMATION (New York) 19- Air raid shelters on L.N.E.R, CONCRETE AilD CONSTRUCTIONAL- ENGINEERING 1939, Oct* Vol. 34, pp* 527-533 This article treats the Industrial shelter. All factories must have adequate shelter wherever situated THE CAXTON MAGAZINE (London) 1941, Peb. Vol. XLIII, No. 2, p. 20 The Minister of Home Security decided to extend the provisions of Part III of the Civil Defense Act of 1939 to all factory premises as defined in the act. The provisions of the act requiring code shelters will not at present bo enforced. Architectural air protection ARMY ORDNANCE Washington, D.C. ) 1935-1936, Vol. 15 A review of the recent practice of European 259 countries in providing gas shelters for civilians: the following aspects are stressed5 gas shelter in dwelling houses, shelter window protection; factory shelter, shelter made of cubic pile plank- ing secure against direct hits, effect of de- molition bombs on factory buildings. ARP and the factory THE-BUILDER (London) 1940,March 22, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5068, p. 368 Discussion of the importance of employing all technical and science experts available to assist in making ARP preparations. Data given on shelters, protection of vital plants, observation posts, communications, first'aid, fire fighting, rescue work, decontamination, lighting problems, etc, ARP for factory workers TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 1939, Vol. 45, No. 903, p. 10 A model scheme of industrial shelters for factory workers, ARP in a modern factory THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1939, July 14, Vol.'48, No. 2424, p. 1620 How a staff of 5,000 is sheltered rapidly. An impressive display of their preparedness"for an emergency. Sir John Anderson’s description of an ARP demonstration *’a model of careful and effective organization,51 ARP London HALDANE, J.B.S. London, Victor Gollancz 1938, 2V6 pp This book details the various aspects of air raid protection and the scheme's set up to cope with this subject, with special emphasis upon the various types of domestic shelters. Bibliography. ARP shelter TlE BUILDER (London) 1939, Sept. 29, Vol. 157, No. 5034, p. 491 The plan of a proposed ARP shelter in basement of factory for 20Ć oersons. The building is not steel framed and floor are of timbef construction. 260 A basement shelter for 300 factory workers THE BUILDER '(London! 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 157, p. 4S4 These shelters are easily and quickly reached by the factory workers in case of air raids while at work. Emergency inquiry bureau 1939, Sept, 8, Vol. 157, ho. 5040, p, 392 Answers given to questions concerning the following topics; ARP work, air raid shelters in factories and air raid shelters in flats. Executive plan for ARP economy BUS IMS'S (London!“ 1939, April, Vol. LXIX, No. 4, p. 16 E.K. Cole Ltd. has devised a scheme for pool- ing industrial ARP knowledge. Offers indus- trial executives full constructional details and plans of shelters for employees. Factory ARP TM ELECTOTCAL REVIEW (London) Wallis T S * 1938, Dec! 2, Vol. GXXIII, No. 3184- Factory ARP by T.E. Wallis, Safety Officer, M.E.M, Co., Ltd. shows the steps taken by the Midland Electric Manufacturing Co. of Birmingham for the protection and evacuation of its workers, and the safeguarding of its buildings and plants. Factory ARP THE SLECWlCIAK (London) 1939, July 14, Vol, 123. 1. pp. 34-36 Impressive demonstration at the New South Cate Works of Standard Telephones and Cables. ARP scheme is that the company has near the factory a large tract of elevated land. This has facilitated the construction of tunnels. Excellent lighting facilities. Factory shelter for 50 persons above ground TEE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 27, Vol. 157, p. 621 An industrial shelter for the accommodation of 50 persons, A factory stronghold shelter TM BUltMFTLofenT 1 1939, March 24, Vol. 155, p. 14-16 Details as to the construction of factory shelter 261 at Brentford, Middlesex. Earth excavated to a depth of 21 ft. 47 gas proof steel doors fixed in structure; ventilating and filtering plant on the plenum system; fresh water contained-in storage tank conveyed via presser tanks. Accommodations for 7G0 persons. How to construct shelter in your factory or office BUSINE SS (Tondon) 1939, Vol. S, No. 5, pp, 19,42-44 Instruction and .methods of constructing indus- trial shelters. An industrial shelter THE BUILDER fLondon) ' h ‘ 1939, Oct. 13, No. 5045, p. 562 Detailed description of industrial shelter at Hu11 on, P i c tures, di a gr ams, etc. The provision of industrial shelters THE BUILDER""(LondonJ 1939, Oct. 20, Vol, 157, p, 583 This article deals with Industrial shelters and the use of reinforced concrete, . The shelter problem. Air defense league bulletin THE BUILDER (LondonJ 1939, April 7, Vol. 156, No. 5018, p. 669 Shelters should be located near at hand. Shallow shelters afford less protection than deep shel- ters, Industrial shelters important in main- taining the nation*s war effort; street shelters necessary in providing freedom of movement by populace in business. Erection of clear signs in streets showing location of shelters. See also - FACTORY WORKERS. SHELTERS - LIGHTING Air raid shelter at a country house THE BülTDiHTlTöndön) 1940, March 8; Vol.' CtVIII, No. 5066, p. 307 Construction, interior finishes, ventilation, lighting of shelter designed by Mr. George Coles of London, ARP shelter and trench lighting ItmiGIPAL o'OTMFAr AND- PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) Dowsett, G.H 1939, April 28, Vol. 48, No. 2413, n. 953 262 ARP shelter lighting THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 27, Vol. 157, No. 5047, p. 602 ARP shelter lighting THE BUILDER ‘(London) 1910, Ian. 19, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5059, p. 10? A new specification issued by the British Stan- dards Institution under the title of ”A reduced scheme for the lighting of shelters when a.c. mains are available”, ARP shelters and electrical equipment THE mwfmrviwr(XondonJ " 1940, July 5, Vol. 125, No. 1, p. 5 A comment on electric lighting Installations in air raid shelters and trenches with nsimple in- structions given to overcome any possible danger” ARP shelters and oil lamps THE ELECTRICIAN (London) 1910, Aug. 16, Vol. 125, No. ? The use of the oil lamp is condemned because it consumes a large amount of oxygen. Battery lamps are recommended. ARP: some notes on equipment THE BANKER '(London) 1938, Dec. Vol. 18, pp. 268-275 ■ Treats the shelter in the bank building from the point of view of capacity, ventilation and illum- ination. Factory ARP THE ELECTRICIAN (London) 1939, July 11, Vol. 123.1, pp. 31-36 A factory with tunnel shelters lighted by elec- tricity. Installation problems - compulsory wiring rules THE ELECTRICIANlLondon) 1910, Oct. Vol. CXXV, No. 16, p. 220 The need for compulsory wiring regulations. Com- plete set of specifications for air raid shelters adopted in few cases; ignored, in majority, with potential danger to users of shelters. 263 Lighting of ARP report and control centers ENGINEERING TtondonJ 1939, Vol. 148, No. 3850 General requirements for the lighting of report and control centers. Includes a new specification designated No. BS/ARP 7 Lighting of ARP shelters ENGINEERING TLöhdTön) 1939, March 31, Vol. 147, pt. 2, p. 382. Emergency units for alternative lighting systems. Lighting of ARP shelters THE BUILDER TLohdon) 1940, July 12, Vol. CXXV, No, 3241, p. 18 A letter to the Editor from J.P, Stanley, for the Director, British Standards Institution, ask- ing that the type of lighting suggested, that of low voltage lighting from the mains through a transformer, he provided for in BS/ARP 26. Low cost shelter lighting TFT! MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, Jan. 17, Vol. 49, p. 76 Technical description of a low cost ARP lighting unit devised by B.J. Legg (Industries) Ltd., Wo1ve rhanpton. Safety lights for ARP ournoses THE BUILDER (London! 1940, May 3, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5074 Provision of light aperture which shall allow observation from within without impairing the safety of the structure. A light for this pur- pose has been devised in the form of a conical ferro-concrete unit for new or existing air raid shelters, observation posts,fortifications, School air raid shelters, their lighting and heating THE BUILDER (Lon-Ton] '■ ~ . 1941, Peb. 28, p. 231-232 Staff ARP shelters must be lighted BUSINESS (London) 1939, Aug. Vol. 69, No. 8, p, 22-23 Lighting of shelters, by E.R. Colo &' Co. Ltd. 264 Wiring in air raid shelters THE ELEGTRICI ATrTL on don) 1940, Oct. IS, Vol. CXXV, No. 16, p. 200 Dangers arising from poorly installed lighting systems. Wiring an air raid shelter TEE ELECTRICTANTLondon) 1940, Nov, 1, Vol. CXXV, No. 5257, p. 231 A letter to the Editor criticizing the Current Topic article in the Electrician of Oct, 18 on the special precautions needed in shelters against wiring dangers. SHELTERS, MINORITY GROUP At grips with air raid problems JEWISH" CHRONICLE (London!“ 1940, Nov. 8, p. 6 Resume of activities of ARP unit; aid to the bombed out; problems in shelter life; the minority group in the raided community. Jewish defence JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1941, Jan. 10, pp. 1,4 Antl-semitlsm and problems of evacuation. Life in the shelter JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1941, Jan. 10, p. 1,4 Analysis of race relations during shelter re- treats; potentiality of shelter life as means of developing racial understanding. SHELTERS- MORALE ARP surveys and public shelters' THE BUILDER TnomTon} 1939, Nov. 17, Vol. 157, No. 550, p. 712 The fifth lecture in the A.A.S.T.A. lecture series on air raid precautions by Hr. H.T.F. Skinner. The main objects to be achieved by air raid precautions were to save civilian life, to preserve civilian morale, and to prevent the disorganization of Industry. 265 Books for air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1941, Jan. 24, Vol. 49, No, 2504, p. 108 Special arrangements being made by Ealing Public libraries to provide reading matter for individuals taking refuge in air raid shelters. Conditions in shelters '('London) 1940, Nov. 15, pp. 1, 4 Criticisms on conditions in shelters; complaints of shelterers; need for health measures, recrea- tional facilities. Drink in shelters "JUSTTcE™Ok THE PEACE (London) 1941, March 8, Vol. 105, p. 134 Ejection of drunken persons from shelters recommended as only remedy against persistent offenders. Education in shelters THE M'JNICIFÄL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 22, Vol. 49, p. 1494 Suggests possibilities for educational activities in public air raid shelters. Outlines steps already taken in London. Films in shelters THE BRITISH WEEKLY (London) 1940, Dec. 12, Vol. 109, No, 2824, p. 124 A discussion of the experiments made with religious films in South London shelters. Inside a London shelter BRITAIN TODAY (The British Library of Information) New York 1940, Nov. 29, No. 41, p. 6 "The Inner section of an Anderson shelters" and "Table Tennis during an air raid" are two pictorial paintings giving an insight into what goes on in- side air raid shelters during raids. Londoners sing and play till raiders have passed THE WAR (LondonTIIncorporated War Pictorial) 1940, luly 5, No. 37, p. 1005 Londoners have learnt the wisdom of seeking shelter immediately the sirens sound. But they refuse to be perturbed by Hitler’s bombers. Instead they devise amustments to pass the time until they hear the ’’all clear”. The people and the air raids THE OBSERVES'!"Lo ad onT” mo, Sept. 1, No. 7738, p. 10 A digest of the week’s stories of calmness and resourcefulness. Shelter catering THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, Nov. 10, No. 7798, p. 10 Restriction on sale of food for a quiet rest period; arrangements for early morning and evening refreshments. Services in shelters THE BRITISH VESKLE I London) 1940, Nov. 7, Vol. CIX, No. 2819, p. 52 Hubert L. Watson, a correspondent states that ’’almost every Sunday evening the shelters are visited and short services held with choruses for the children, hymns for the adults, a few verses of scripture, short prayers and some times a short message”. Social welfare in London air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London! 1941, Harcłi 21, Vol, 49, Ho. 2512, p. 343 Comments on all phases of Social Welfare Work that has been done, as well as work contemplated in the air raid shelters of London, A number of sug- gestions from the Regional Commissioner For Shelters on the best methods of bringing about shelter enter- tainment and recreation. Some shelter improvement TEWISlTTiRnUNlClN flonSon) 1940, Nov. 22, p. 5 Activities to improve morale; health safeguards in shelters. What form should air raid shelter entertainment take? THEnHöNTülPAr JüüMSLTTO n5ü707VT0VE'^lMMr”AIMrNT^” TRAT0R (London) 1941, Feb. 7, Vol. 49, No. 2506, p. 168 The arguments for and against entertainment and for instruction in shelters are summarized. Sug- gestions are offered as to suitable activities. 267 SHELTERS, MULTIPLE FUNCTION ARP service in action THE MUNICIPAL-JOURNAL (London) 1939, Ian. 13, Vol. 48, No. 2393, p. 76 Holborn Borough Council has approved in principle a scheme submitted by the Borough Engineer (Mr. J.E. Parr,) for the construction of a com- bined underground car park and shelter against air attack below Russell Square. Bathing chalets as shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Eeb. 17, Vol. 48, No. 2403, p. 377 New concrete bathing chalets ar Lowestoft, to be converted into shelters by ARP. The bathing chalets of which there are 51 will be capable of sheltering 600 people. Birmingham Defense works: two underground car parks in cityłs shelter scheme THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL TEondon) 1940, July 12, Vol. 46, No. 2476 The scheme for underground parked cars, which may also be used as air raid shelters has been designed to accommodate approximately 260 cars in a system which does not involve handling by attendants. Brighton’s shelter dilemma TEH MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Nov. 15, Vol. 49, No. 2494, p. 1451 Use of a railroad tunnel as air raid shelter suggested. Every night two train loads of people might be taken in to shelter for the night and brought out at dawn, when the normal daytime freight traffic could proceed. Brighton’s shelter plans THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 31, Vol. 48, No. 2409, p. 750 Brighton ARP Committee authorizes the Borough Surveyor to submit to the Home Office an outline of scheme for a combined underground car park and air raid shelter. The Committee decided to alter the basements of certain properties to provide shelter accommodation for 11,080 individuals. Car parks a_s shelters THE MUNICIPAL"JOURNAL AMD PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, April 28, Vol. No. 2413, p. 950 The unwillingness of the Government to adopt deep shelter proposals, directs attention to the possibility of combining underground parking provision and shelter resource as a single unit, A combined underground car nark and air raid shelter THE BUILDER(London) “ 1939, Jan. 6, Vol. 1$6, No. $005-, p. 8-9 Plans of the Holborn Borough Council as to the accommodation, air conditioning, electric lighting, water pumping, first aid post, lavatory accommoda- tion and construction of shelters. Changes likely to be made by ARP Committee in general arrange- ments, and the depth of shelter so as to ensure complete protection from bombs. Common sense and air raid precautions BLACIvWOUD ’ S ENDlNBURGH' HAGA LINE (Edinburgh) 1938, July-Dee. Vol. 244, pp. 8$2-860 Air raid shelters to be built for useful purposes in normal times, as underground parking space, etc. London*s largest bomb nroof shelter TEE WAR (London) 1940, lufy 5, No, 37, p. 100$. Illustrations. A disused tube railway tunnel. Accommodation for more than 11,000 people will be provided when the necessary structural alterations are completed. It is more than half a mile long, and its depth below ground varies between $0 and 70 feet. It would stand a direct hit from the heaviest bomb. No sheltering in the tubes FASSLKGlfe "TRANSPORT JOUSNAL (London) 1940, Sept. 20, Vol. 33, No. 2093, p. Ill An announcement made by the Ministries of Home Security and Transport in the form of an urgent appeal to the public and particularly to able- bodied men, to refrain from using tube stations as air raid shelters, except in case of urgent necessity. 269 Southport shelter proposals THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sept. 15, Vol. 48, No. 2433, p. 2042 A proposal to construct a parking place suitable for an air raid shelter under the proposed exten- sion of the promenade, failed to obtain the approval of Southport Finance Committee. They go to deep shelters with high hearts WAR ILLUSTRATED (London) 1940, Oct. 18, Vol. 3, No. 59, p. 403 Pictures showing the inside accommodation of the shelters. The tunnel or tube, sand cave, and part of the crypt of London’s famous church, St. Martin- in-the-Fields and used as shelters. Underground car park and ARP shelter THE" 'MDJM1Ü IP ATT nT 1939, March 3, Vol. 48, No. 2405, p. 48? Councillor G.O. Williams suggests a scheme for a combined underground car-park and ARP shelter to be constructed under Rhye Promenade. The car park would accommodate 16,000 people in an air raid. SHELTERS - OCCUPANCY TESTS Air raid shelters TOTCETTLöndonT““ 1939, °ct. 21, Vol. 11, No. XVII, p. B93 Occupancy tests in ARP shelters made. Objectives (1) to determine length of time before discomfort began (2) to determine the temperature and humid- ity in circumstances (3) to note methods of im- proving comfort for occupants. No valuable in- formation gained from tests. Occupancy tests of air raid shelters ENGINEERING (London*r~ • 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 148, No. 3845 A report on a ’''comprehensive series of occupancy tests” of air raid shelters by Messrs. J.E. Hall. ’’These tests”, say the report, ”were carried out on one shelter of each type in collaboration with a number of medical experts from London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 270 Occupancy tests of air raid shelters THE BUILDER [LondönT“ 1939, Opt. 6, Vol. 157, p. 529-530 Certain tests are given in order to ascertain the safety of shelters as to the resistance against high explosive bombs. Shelter test report THE MUNICIPAL“JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sept. 22, Vol. 48, No. 2434, p. 2091 A summary published in the last issue of the Municipal Journal of tests carried out to ascertain the effects of human beings of occupying two types of AJRP shelters for various periods. A detailed description of these tests is contained in a booklet entitled "Report on Occupancy Tests of Air Raid Shelters for Factory Workers", SHELTERS - PLANS AND DESIGNS-CUBA Data for building air raid shelters based on the effects of bomb explosions. HSVTSTA EE LA S0CIŚDAD CÜBANA DE INGENXEROS 1940, Dec. Vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 347-355 SHELTERS - PLANS AND DESIGNS-GERMANY Der behelf sina s s i ge luftschutz-raum wi e er sein soll. Viele beispiele für jedermann DlE SIRENE [‘TYie SirenT~ 1939, Nov., Nö, 24, p. 631-6 Luftschutz bei Neubauten (Air raid protection near new buildings7 ZENTRALELATT DER BAUVERWALTUNG (Central Newspaper of the Building-Administration) 1935, Lunę 5, Vol, 55, No. 23, pp. 438-443 Examples of recent German'designs of steel plate and concrete underground anti-aircraft shelters; effects of war chemicals on build- ing materials; removal of warfare chemicals from streets after aerial bombardment. Raumabschlusse fur luftschutzraum (Closed rooms for air raid shelfers] BAUWELT (World Builder) 1939, Vol, 30, pp. 891-894 SHELTERS - PLANS AND DESIGNS, GREAT BRITAIN A.A.S.T.A. air raid shelter exhibition THE BUILDERlLondon) 1940, Nov. 8, Vol. CLXS, No. 5101, p. 462 The ARP Committee of the Association of Architects, Surveyors and Technical Assistants has prepared an exhibition consisting of fourteen screens deal- ing plctorially with the planning of shelters, the lessons of Spain, types of bombproof shelters, surface, underground, multi-storey and tunnel shelters. Air raid shelter at a country house THE MTlDmrTTbndon) —_ 1940, tfaroh B, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5066, p. 30? The construction, interior finishes, ventilation and lighting of shelter, designed by Mr. George Coles of London. Air raid shelter. ChiItem Court, Baker Street W THE BUILDER (London) 1940, Feb. 9, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5062, p. 191 The planning, construction finishes and ventilation of a shelter designed by Mr. A.R. Heaps, Architect to Longon Transport, Scheme provides shelter for approximately 300 persons against high explosive blast. The structure is not immune from a direct hit. Air raid shelter design THE ENGINEER (London) 1939, April 21, Vol. 16?.2 p. 510 Suitable systems’ of ARP shelters for employees of industrial establishments, Air raid shelters THE BUILDER' (London) 1941, Feb. 21, Vol. CIX, No. 5116, p. 204 Ulus. Designs for school shelters which can be used as public dormitory shelters at night. Accommodates 40 children for day time use, 17 people for dormi- tory use at night. Air raid shelters TÜUHMITOF THE INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) 1941, Ian. ?, Vol. 67, No. B, p. 12. Diagrams Amended official instructions Home Security Circu- lar No. 290/1940, dated Dec. 11, gives notes on 272 modifications in standard designs of surface, trench and basement shelters, which in the light of actual experience it has been found desirable to introduce. Air raids and buildings ARC FI T EC T U JRAL RECORD 1940, Vol. 88, pp. 74-98 Bird* s eye planning new factor in industrial building design? Making factories airworthy. ARP London MILANE, J.B.S. London, Victor Gollancz, Ltd. 1938, 276 pp. Diagrams, Bibliography Explores various angles of air raid protection and the various governmental schemes set up to cope with this subject, with special emphasis upon the various types of domestic and indus- trial shelters. Builder and ARP THE INDIAN CONCRETE JOURNAL (Bombay) 1940, March, Vol. 14, No. 3, p, 89, Diagrams. Methods of construction based on report of a committee of the Institution of Structural Engineers on air raid precautions, and on various government publications. A communal air raid shelter TOE BUILDER (Lonooń) 1939, Dec. 22, Vol. 157, No. 5055, p. 852-853 An ARP Co-ordinating Committee’s design* Can be constructed in two stages. First stage given rather greater safety than the standard covered and lined trench, but it can subsequently be more heavily protected, so as to give any degree protection desired. Constructional work on air raid, shelters and other protective work (a paper; abridged) JOURNAL OP THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS (London) Clerko, Robt. William Goodwin 1939, April, Vol. 11, No.6, pp. 573-584 The application of Home Office and ARP recommen- dations. Covers protection of personnel and power plants from gas, incendiary and light explosive bombs,” blast fragmentation and concussion. 273 A corbelled all brick shelter THE BUILDER TLondonJ 1940, Sept. 6, Vol. CLIX, No. 5092, p, 257 An all brick shelter designed and erected by the London Brick Co. Ltd. It accomodates eight per- sons. Constructed entirely of brick. The roof is covered with lu in, rendering, for waterproof- ing, The essential feature of the construction is the corbelled roof on which a falling load test has been carried out. Design of bomb proof shelters ENGINEERING (London) 1939, July 14, Vol. 148, pt. 1, p. 50 Four types of shelters designed for different of protection. Design of bomb resisting shelters CONCRETiniND CONSTRUCTIONAL ENGINEERING (London) 1939, Oct. Vol. 34, pp. 534-542 A full description of a special design of bomb resisting shelter. Designing shelters against raids THE MUNI Cl PAL "JOITRNI L (London) 1939, March 3, Vol. 48, No. 2405, p, 485 The subject is one which must be tackled whole- heartedly by a central body comprising specialist engineers. This body would receive, investigate and distribute informaticn. By this means standards would be formulated and applied. Designs of air raid shelters THE BUILDER~TLoIidon) 1940, April 12, Vol. CLVIII, No. 5071, p. 542-543 Designs of air raid shelters which will provide the degree of protection which conforms to the Revised Code of the Ministry of Home Securit3r for shelters in specified areas at a minimum cost.- Thirty such designs are given in the book "Design and Construction of Air Raid Shelters" by Donovan H. Lee. Domestic shelter THE BUILDER (London) 1939, May 12, -Vol. 65, p. 912, Diagrams. Direction for the erection óf domestic surface shelters; (1) Increased accommodation (2) location of the shelter-(3) erection of shelters (4)materlals. Type of floors, walls, roofs. Lintels and steel protected exits used. 274 Evolution of the cellular shelters THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Dec, 22, Vol, 157, No. 5Q55, p. 852 History of the cellular shelter; capacity, materials and methods of construction. Indoor shelters THE BUILDER '(London) 1941, Peb. 21* Vpl, CLX, No. 5116, p. 205 Mr, Herbert Morrison stated, in the House of Com- mons on Peb, 11 that a satisfactory design for an air raid shelter within the home had been achieved, and that priority in distribution would be given to a few selected areas. It is not proof against a direct hit but excellent cover from the debris of a two or three storeyed house, Montreal landlords build shelters MUNICIPAL REVIEW CP~ CANADA '{Lachute, Quebec) 1941, Fob. Vol. XXXVII, No. 2, p. 21 The first shelter constructed by a Montreal landlord. The design of the finished shelter and of three others nearing completion. Resis- tant to anything except a direct hit with a high explosive b omb. Notes and news - communal air raid shelters THE BUILDERTLondon) 1939, Dec. 22, Vol. 157, No. 5050, p. 843 A design for communal air raid shelters for the population of large towns and cities is of re- inforced concrete and can be constructed either above or below ground; suitable for both dry and water-logged soils. Principles of design THE BUILDERTLondon)* 1939, Nov. 17,Vol. 157, No. 5050, p. 712 A protected mailing department for an institute THE BUILDER (London) 1939, D©c »29, Vol, 157, No. 5056, p. 877-878 Design, accommodation, materials for the con- struction of a bomb proof building. Affords shelter accommodation for 120 persons. 275 Shelters for block dwellings THE BUILDER1 (London*) 1939, Dec, 22, Vol. 157, No, 5055, p. 856 The London County Council has obtained Home Office approval for two types of air raid shelters for blocks of flats constructed by the council. Structural precautions against the H,E, bomb THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Jan. 27, Vol. 48, No. 2400, p. 209 Mr. Helsby has designed many types of shelters based on information gained in Spain. Wartime building bulletin, No. 4 THE BUILDSR (London) 1940, July 5, Vol. CLIX, No. 5083, p. 16 Economical designs in steel work for single storey open shed factories. Not suitable for those which require to be camouflaged. Supplementary designs combined with others will facilitiate camouflage, SHELTERS -PLANS AND DESIGNS- U.S.A. Air raid shelter design THE COLORADO ENGINEER (Minneapolis) 1941, March, Vol. XXXVII, No. 3, p. 74-75 Design trends in the present day shelter. Air raid shelters THE MILITARY ENGINEER (Washington, D,C.) 1941, Jan-Peb. Vol. 33, No. 187 pp. 37-42. Diagrams. Shelter designs recommended as assuring reason- able degree of security and economy. Bomb shelters as recreation rooms NEWARK ENGINEERING NOTES [Newark, N.J) 1940, Nov. Vol. 4, No. 1, p. 7 Transformation of cellars in provate homes into comfortable air raid shelters. Building of shelters into new homes and buildings. Defense shelters for clvilalns NEWARK ENGINEERING NOTES (Newark, N, J. ) 1940, Nov, Vol. 4, No, 1, p. 5, 21. Items that should be Investigated before settling down to the structural features of the designs. 276 SHELTERS -PLANS AND DESIGNS, U.S.S.R. Air raid shelters VESTNIK PROTIVOZDUSENOI OBCRONY (Review of anti- aerial defense) (Moscow) Trunin 1934, Vol. 8, pp. 57-62. Plans, Illustrations. Construction of air raid shelters. Local anti-aircraft defense VESTNIK PROTIVOZDUSHNCI'CBCRONY (Review of anti- aerial defense) (Moscow) Garovinkov, N.I. 1958, January, pp. 28-36 Illus, diags. Contents; types of bombs. Different means of protection. Air raid shelters Lumber and earth shelters VEST NIK' PR OTI V OZUSHN 01 OB CRONY (Review of antl-aorial defense ) (Moscow) 1938, March, Vol. 3, pp, 42-45 Contents; construction, ventilation, plans, diagrams, SHELTERS, PRIVATE Air raid shelter at a country house TIE BUILDER (London) 1940, March 8, Vol, CLVIII, No. 5066, p. 597 Description of the construction, interior finishes, ventilation, lighting of shelter designed by Mr. George Coles of London, Air raid shelter plan must be approved THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR London, 1940, Aug. 2, Vol. 49, No. 2479, p. 997 Families wishing to erect private shelters arc required to get permission of their local council. Air raid shelters in private dwellings RIVISTA AERONAUT!CA (Italy)“ " Bruschi, Aldo. 1939, July, Vol. 15, No, 7, pp. 266-270 ARP London HALDANE, J.3.S. London, Victor Gollancz 1938, 276pp Dlagrs, Bibliography, This book explores various angles of air raid 277 protection and the various governmental schemes set up to cope with this subject, with special emphasis upon the various types of domestic and industrial shelters. On page 277 is a bibliography. The case for the 11 refuge room” IPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) 1941, March, Vol. LJCVII, No. 10, p. 221 Government sponsors shallow shelters, A discuss- ion of advantages and disadvantages, A study of different types of shelters now used by individ- ual families in England, Choice and adantation of shelters in houses BRITISH LIBRARY OP ll^FOR!.’ATION (NeYTYork] 19- Concrete domestic surface shelters YM BIJlLDER‘‘ ‘( London] “ 1939, Nov. 24, Vol, 157, p, 736 Concrete domestic surface shelters THE BUILDERTLondonT* ■ 1939, Dec. 1, Vol. 157, p. 765 These are known as private shelters for home use in case of air raids. Concrete domestic surface shelters 'i'HS BUILDER (London! ~ 1839, Dec. 29, Vol. 157, Ho. 5056, p. 879. Diasrs. Directions for the erection of domestic surface shelters. Countering the air raid menace: the protection of the home. IlTUSTRATED LONDON NEWS 1940, July 6, Vol. 197, No. 5281, p. 6-7 Types of private shelters, A systematic drawing showing what the householder can do to circumvent ail1 raid dangers in his own home, A design for the wartime house JOURNAL OE THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS 1941, Feb. 10, p. 57-58 This article is a description of Mr. Egon Riss’ design of 9. wartime house. Domestic surface shelters BRITISH LIBRARY OF'INFORMATION (New York City) 19- 278 Erection of domestic surface shelters BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York City) 19- The "Gravesend" domestic shelter. TüüPvN'nrw~THE institution of Municipal and county ENGINEERS (London) 1940, Oct. 8, Vol, 6?, No. 5, pp. 122-12$ Ulus, A low cost shelter, brick, concrete and soil construction designed for economy of labor and material. Indoor shelters JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) 1941, April 29, Vol, 6?, No. 12, p. 1$ Diagrams On a certain type of vertical air raid shelter VESTNIK PROTIV0ZDUŚHN01 OBOROKTTHeview of anti- aerial defense) Zam, A. 1937, pp. 67-69 Protecting homes in air raids TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1938, March 12, p, 1. The protection of your home against air raids pre- pared and intended for house-holders. The book is principally devoted to simple methods of preparing a refuge room in any type of dwelling. They used their homes as shelters and lived. WAR ILLUSTRATED (London! 1940, Sept. 20, Vol. 3, No. 55, p. 287. Pictures A narrow room on the ground floor with stout walls affords excellent protection. The main stream of splinters from an exploding bomb flies upwards and a person lying down would probably escape. Unit indoor shelters THE BUILDER '(London) 1941, Vol. CLX, No. $112, p. 119, Diagrams. "Home Units" indoor air raid shelters. These home units consist of reinforced concrete sec- tions bolted together to form a continuous tunnel shelter with a concrete slab to close one end. Wir bauen einen luftschutzrsum DIE SIRENE (The Siren) Berlin 1939, Oct. No. 21, pp. $67-$70 A discussion of private shelters. 279 Your home as an air raid shelter BRITISH LIBRARY OP INFORMATION ‘(New York) 19- Your home as an air raid shelter THE "BOOKSELLER ~ (London^ 1940, July 11, No. 1806, p, 40 Continually referred to in official broadcasts and recommended as a complete work on the subject. SHELTERS - SANITATION Chemical closets for shelter accommodation THE BUILDER (London! ' 1939, Oct. 6, Vol. 157, No. 5044, p. 559 A British standard specification (ARP series) consists of (1) general information (2) construc- tion (3) strength (4) capacity (5) cleaning (6) seating handling (7) chemical. Conditions in shelters JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1940, Nov. 15, pp. 1, 14 Criticism of conditions in shelters; complaints of shelterers; need for health measures, recrea- tional facilities. Conserving sanitation; its adaptation to modern requirements JOURNAL OP THE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE (London) 1939, Sept. Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 128, 135 Sanitary equipment of air raid shelters; sanita- tion of permanent and temporary camps; emergency sanitation; the chemical closet in public shel- ters ;'problems on drainage system in temporary camps; earth latrines and pollution of sub-soil water, Health in shelters TRN ECONOMIST' (London) 1940, Nov. 23, Vol. CXXIX, Ho. 5074 Crowded public shelters present a condition that may menace the health not only of perons who must use them but may also affect the health of the entire community. Hygiene of air raid shelters PUBLIC HEALTH (TenderTT ’ 1941, Jan. Vol. LEV, No. 4, p. 62 The on-set of the air offensive led to the desertion 280 of the domestic or surface© shelter for the commu- nal or underground shelter. Many of the latter had never been intended as shelters and caused a serious public health situation. Most serious problems'were overcrowding, uncleanliness', ven- tilation, sanitation and dampness, Inadequate lighting and heating. Raid shelters must be given particular attention WITNESS (LendBiTT r ” ' 1940, Eov. Vol. LXX, ITo. 1, p, 18 The spraying of AR? shelters is of vital impor- tance, Steonev shelters criticized 'OTlSlfCliłlONieŁlE (London! 1940, Oct. 11, p. 15 Some of the major problems to be corrected in shelters; disease prevention. SHELTERS, SCHOOL Air raid precautions from a correspondent TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEFlE^T' (London) 1938, Jan. 22, No. 1106 Problem of the protection of school children is being considered by the ARP Department and the board. The departments recognize that the best arrangements for particular localities and schools can only be settled locally, ARP in schools THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1959, May 5, Vol. 48, No, 2414, p. 984 Substance of a circular issued by the Board of Education (Circular 1467) giving Instructions as to air raid precautions to be taken in schools. County councils and ARP for schools: renewed protest proposed ~ * THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1939, Dec. 8, Vol. 48, No. 2445, p. 2466 The executive council of the County Councils Association dissatisfied with Government grant for ARP work in schools, Newportłs school shelter scheme THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Jan, 17, Vol. 49, p. 02 New air raid shelters to be provided to accommodate 281 11,000 people. Primarily for school children they are open to the public at stated times. School and public shelters THE”MÜNICIPAL’JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Oct. 25, Vol. 49, p. 1371 Indiscriminate use of school air shelters by the genera], public inadvisable. Ministry of Home Security supports this view. See also SCHOOLS SHELTERS - STEEL AND IRON The ’’Anderson” steel shelters THE BUILDER TLondonJ ' 1939, Aug. 4, Vol, 157, p. 194 A bomb and splinter proof shelter. Bigger steel shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London)' 1939, May 5. Vol. 48, No, 2414, p. 1012 Brief note on leaflet issued by the ARP Depart- ment containing directions whereby the size of a steel shelter of the standard size may be in- creased through the use of extension units. Built un cast iron air raid shelters EN Gl NEER IN (TT L i ndo nj 1939, Nov. 24, Vol. 143, No, 3854, 27 pp Cast iron shelters that can be speedily erected by unskilled labor. Public and private shelters TIME AND T IDE - London) 1941, Feb. 15, Vol. 22, No. 7, p. 122 The new indoor steel ’’table shelters” are qual- ified to solve, the problem of warmth, ventilation, sanitation and convenience that can never be wholly solved in crowded public shelters. Sectional steel shelters THE BUILDER (London) 1939, July 21, Vol. 157, p. 97 Steel and ARP shelters THE ECONOMIST (London)• 1939, Jan. 7, Vol. 134, p. 37 282 Steel a_s aid to air raid protection ENGINEERING’(London) 1938, Oct, 7, Vol. U6, p. 420 Steel for air raid shelters TTUrUomENrGlTiroiM'TIönUön) 1939, Jan. 20, Vol. 150,1, No. 40?1, p. 138 The Government Air Raid Precaution Department announces that arrangements have been made with the steel indursty for the supply of steel shelters. Steel shelters and flooding THE BUILDER ( London*) 1940, Feb. 16, Vol. CLVIII, No. 50o3, p. 250 Correct method for obtaining a successful concrete lining. It is generally agreed that the poured in place concrete lining is a solution to the problem of keeping subsoil water out of ’’Anderson steel shelters”. Steel shelters for small houses THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Jan. 27, Vol. 48, No. 2400, p. 18? Arrangements have now been made by the Government Air Raid Precautions Department for the supply of steel shelters. The steel industry is organizing * for mass production. Testing portable shelters THE MUNICIPAL -JOURNAL (London) 1939, Jan. 20, Vol. 48, No. 2399, p. I60 All-steel sectional shelters provide a good means of protection, and are capable of providing pro- tection from flying splinters and falling masonry. Unit construction shelters MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Nov. 17, Vol. 48, No. 2442, p. 2361 The F.S. 50 air raid shelters manufactured by Federated Sales, Ltd. London is constructed of cast iron units bolted together to make a complete shelter. SHELTERS - SUBWAY See SHELTERS, MULTIPLE FUNCTION SHELTERS, SURFACE ARP service news: shelters above ground for Cardiff TEE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London! 1939, Feb. 10, Vol. AS, No. 2402, p. 316 Cardiff’s ARP shelter problem is concerned with 283 low-lying land. The city engineer is to prepare fresh plans and to co-operate with the Home Office in solving the difficulty of sinking trenches. Domestic surface shelters BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York) Concrete domestic surface shelters THE BUILDER (London] 1939, Dec, 29, Vol. 157, No. 5056, p. 879 Directions for the erection of domestic surface shelters. Factory shelter for 50 persons above ground THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Sept. 15, Vol. 157, No. 5041, p. 438. Diagrams. The Home Office code states that the distance between such over ground shelters must not be less than 50 feet. Entrances should be 2 ft. 6 in. wide. Provision is made for gas lock. SHELTERS, TRENCH ARP trenches In Islington THE BUILDER- (London) 1939, Feb. 3, Vol. 156, No. 5009, pp. 254-256 Plans as to the first public trench shelter to be made permanent with concrete. Four different methods of revetment used, three involving the use of pre-cast units and the fourth being an "in-situ” method, Tuscon precast trench construc- tion method devised as a pre-cast system of per- manent lining to ARP trenches. Garden trenches BRITISH LIBRARY OF INFORMATION (New York) 19- Government specifications for ARP trenches 'I'liiil BUILDER" I London) “ ■ 1939, Feb. 3, Vol. 156, No. 5509, p. 253-254 A revision of "Specifications, etc, in regard to permanent lining of trenches” issued in 1936. Considerable amendments added in 1939. Discussion as to practicability of the original design. Planning for air raid protection THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 24, Vol. 48, No, 2408, p, 688. Ulus. The nature of the ground and its contours will 284 determine to a great extent the most suitable and economical type of trench shelter to be con- structed. An important point in choosing sites is that of drainage. Precast concrete linings for trench shelters CONCEPTS' AND CONSTRUCTIONAL ENGINEERING (London) ' 1939, April, Vol. 34, pp. 254-256 Special type linings used for trench shelters to give strength and endurance. Protected shelters for the royal borough of Kensington THE BUILDER (London) 1939, Oct. 13 No. 5045, p. 557. Pictures. Provision is being made by the Borough to accomm- odate approximately 18,000 persons in trench shelters and reinforced basements. Shallow covered ARP trenches THE ENGINEER (London! 1939, Nay-June, Vol. 16?, No. 4350, p. 647 The first time one shallow net work is ”concertin- aed" it will render all other shallow trenches useless, as no one will enter them. For very little extra cost the trenches could be put 30 ft. down, which would render them more secure. Trenches for school children THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sept. 8, Vol. 46, No. 2432, p. 1997 Trenches for protection of school children and evacuees are an integral part of Air Raid Pre- cautions. Maidstone Education Committee and Council decided that the Government should be urged to agree to the heavy cost of such trench- es ranking for grant. The Education Committee recommends that eight schools should be provided with air raid shelter trenches at an estimated cost of 5,965 pounds. Trenches in the city of Westminister CONCRETE AND CONSTRUCTIONAL ENGINEERING 1939, Aug. Vol. 34, PP* 459-465. Ulus. Trenches. the simplest means of protection from air raids. VESTNIK PROTIV0ZDUSHN01 0B0R0NY (Review of anti- aerial defense ) (Moscow) 1936, Vol. 11, pp. 52-54. Ulus. Contents: open and covered trenches. SKELTERS, UNDERGROUND (Tunnels & vaults) A.A.S.T.A. air raid shelter exhibition THE BlIlLDSR“TLondon) 1940, Nov. 8, Vol. GLIX, No. 5101, p. 462 The ARP committee of the Association of Architects, Surveyors and Technical Assistants has prepared an exhibition consisting of fourteen screens dealing pictorially with the planning of shelters, the lessons of Spain and the different types of bomb proof shelters - surface, underground, multi-storey and tunnel. Analysis of the effects of earth pressure on under- ground fair raid") shelters, SOI® WALES INSTITUTE ENGINEERS (London) 1939, May, Vol. 55, p. 157 ARP service news TJffl MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 30, Vol. 48, No, 2422, p. 1500 ARP activities reported from Bolton where a plan is being evolved for the protection of school children; tunnel shelters are planned at Ealing; hospital accommodations are being arranged at Barking, An ARP sheltep under a flying ground THE ENGINEER (London) 1939, March 31, Vol. 1S7. 2 p. 407 A subterranean tunnel system, excavated out of sandstone rock. Building for defense, headway and headaches, ARP ARCHITECTURAL FORUM 1941, April, pp. 86, 90 Manhattan’s underground vaults which are being charted by W.P.A. may have air defense possi- bilities, Detroit’s salt mine presents diffi- culties for ARP, Deep air raid shelter at Southwark THE BU I LDIrT London) ‘ 1940, Aug. 2, Vol. CLIX, No. 5091, p. 116 The official procedure, cost, measurements and description of the tunnel. 286 Deep shelters THE ’MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Nov* 8, Vol. 49, No. 2493, p. 1416 Lord Provost P.P, Dollan is quoted as saying: that public and denestic protection had been provided for 7000,000 persons in Glas gov/ ex- clusive of shelters, in schools and Industrial establishments, he also explained that over 400 basements were to be requisitioned for 65,000 persons. The demand for deep underground shelters THE MUNIGI?TlT~JWRNuITAND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Oct. 4, Vol. 49, No, 2488, p. 1273 Insists upon the provision of more deep air raid shelters. The example of Spain and Barcelona are cited to show that such shelters can be built can be built during the progress of a war, Earling’s extensive plans THE MUNICIPAT JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 17, Vol. 48, No. 2408, p. 679 The major scheme is dependent upon Government guidance. Recently the council instructed the Borough surveyor to proceed with plans for a deep shelter scheme sufficient for b0% of its popula- tion, A survey of the whole Borough made to ascertain what cellars and other suitable accom- modations are capable of being strengthened into .shelters. Trenches being dug are about to be completed. Notes and news. Deep tunnel shelters THE BUILDHTTLondonT~ 1940, Dec. 6, Vol. CLIX, No, 5105, p, 545 Deals with circulars sent out by the Minister of Home Security, stating that deep tunnel shelters should be confined to areas where shelters are likely to be regularly used for sleeping and where the strata are favorable,. Notes on the construction of tunnel shelters JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS (London) 1940, July 16, Vol. LXVII, No. 2, PP. 34-40 Arrangement of shelters, tools and plants, ven- tilation, lavatory accommodation, entrances, tunnel lining, lighting, seating, warden’s or 287 steward’s posts, first aid posts. Cost consider- ably less than trench shelters. Safe in a deep shelter they sleep and oat THE WAR TLondon”) 1940, Sept. 27, No, 49, p, 1246, Pictures. A deep shelter, built under a huge mansion. It accommodates eight families. The shelter has been equipped with all conveniences and cooking facilities, and the residents -use it as their home s. Tunnel Air Raid Shelters. ENGINEERI;.IQ (London) 1939, April 28, Vol. 147, p. 506 Ulus. Description of tunnelled shelter system hewn underground to accommodate 10,000 persons. Tunnel shelters for Stockoort, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR (London) 1940, Oct, 25, Vol. 49, p, 1371 Plans for extension of tunnel air-raid shelters at Chestergate, Underground shelters VESTNIK OBORONY (Review of anti- aircraft defense) (Moscow) Abramov, 1937, pp. 66-70, Illustr, Constructions in different soils. Ventilation, air pressure. SHELTERS, VENTILATION Air conditions in' Air Raid Shelters, EliGrINEERING, Ltd. TLÖnHonJ 1939, Vol. 148, No. 3847, Discussion of data assembled through tests re- garding air conditions in each type of air raid shelter. Results of tests conducted by the staff of Messrs, George Kent, Ltd. described. Air raid shelter ventilation , THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'(London) 1959, Dec. 8, Vol. 48, No, 2445, p, 2472 Advantages of mechanical ventilation, Keith Blackman ventilating fans and anti-gas filtra- tion plants for air shelters described. 288 Air Haid Shelter Ventilation. HEATING-PIPING AND AIR CONDITIONING March, 1941, Vol. 13, No. 3, p. 159 (Abstract from Journal of the British Institu- tion of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, Vol, 8, No. 89.) Keeney Publishing Co., Chicago, 111. Air raid shelter ventilation HEATING-PIPING AND AIR CONDITIONING (Chicago, 111.) Keeney Publishing Co. 1941, March, Vol. 13, No. 3, p. 159 Describes proper mechanical ventilation for shelters accommodating from 12 to 5000 persons. Reviews problems connected with improper ven- tilation. The Greenwood- Airvac system of natural ventilation with gas and black-out security for shelters above or below ground. THE- BUILDER-[London) 1941, Jan. 10, Vol. CLX, No. 5110, p. 75* Diagrams, sketches, Illus. Properly balanced continuous ventilation with unrestricted air flow is provided by the aerody- namically designed "Vacaire" Extractor outlet with duplex static or positive intake; Duplex "Nolite" Louvre or "Nogas" inlets. Stormproof and light proof, tested and approved under war con- ditions . Regeneration of air in air raid shelters. VESTNIK PR0TI7ÜZÜMhMI"TjBCRÖNY (Moscow)' Molovidov, A.C. 1937, No. 4, PP. 19-24, Illus., tables. Analysis of air consumption under different con- ditions, chemical regeneration of air. Shelter ventilation to take precedence over anti gas protection? : GreenwTch Refuge THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINIS- TRATOR {London) 1941, March, Vol. 49, No. 2511, p. 311. The improvement of shelters such as better ventilation; brighter lights to facilitate reading. Issuing pamphlets to house-holders giving full information on problems arising as a result of a raid. After-the-raid pamphlets also giving accounts of London shelter progress. 289 Some notes on ARP equipment. THE BANKER TLondonT 1938, December, Vol. /+8, p. 2.68-273 This article treats the shelter in the bank building from the point of view of capacity, ventilation and illumination. Illustrations; comparative figures of shelter capacity. Ventilation and Air Conditioning in Air Raid ÜEelLerF-“’ mus^a^ETonsTTIans. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 26, No. 2417, Vol. 48, p. 1172 Discussion of general principles of shelter construction. Directions are given for decon- tamination of persons subjected to gas. SHIPPING - See TRANSPORTATION-MARINE SIGNS ARP signs. TFiT EEEÜTRICIAN (London) 1940, Nov. S, Vol. 125, No. 19. Description of a type of shelter sign for the benefit of persons caught in the darkness by air raids. Also a description of the ’’G.E.C. Warning Light”. Illuminated signs. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Dec. 22, Vol. 48, No. 2447, p. 2519. Ulus. Describes a wide range of public ARP signs designed to conform to the British Standard Specification. Includes illuminated box signs, front illuminated signs, sign illuminators and lettered panels. Products of General Electric Co., Ltd. Illumination of shelter signs. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 8? No. 2432, Vol. 48, p. 1989. Local authorities have been asked to provide some form of illumination for signs which indicate the way to air raid shelters, first aid posts and air raid wardens’ posts. The lights must be masked and dimmed so that they will be invisible from above. 290 A Standard for A.R.P. signs, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Dec. 1, No. 2444, Vol. 48, p. 2425 Direction signs for air raids being standardized by the British Standards Institution, SOCIAL PROBLEMS A c c orni o d a t i on for evacuees and for persons rendered homeless. JUSTICE ~0F THE PEACE (London) 1941, Peb. 1,, Vol. 105, p. 65. Providing furniture and other equipment nec- essary for dailv life to nersons made homeless c v J- by enemy action. Allowance for home nursing of unaccompanied chil- dren JUSTICE OF THE PEACE’(London) 1940, July 22, Vol. 104, p. 546 Nursing care provided for unaccompanied evacuees suffering from minor ailments which can be treated in the home. The Benefits of evacuation. TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1941, May 3, No. 1357, p. 206. Meeting the problems created in schools over- crowded by evacuation. Organizing and super- vising activities in country schools. Billeting and Education. TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 23, No. 1273, p. 382. Some social problems made conspicuous by evac- uation. British refugees TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 23, No, 1273, p, .381 Problems of the citizen forced to give up res- idence and occupational activities for war reasons. British wave of arrests. THE BRITISH “BROADCASTING CORPORATION 1940, May 20, - 28, No. 311, p. 1A (i) Numerous outstanding Englishmen imprisoned; summarizing the Government’s unlimited power over every person and his property. 291 Care of adolescents. TIMES*EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939,’ Sept. % No. 1270, p. 362 Welfare penter considered in London to assist boys and girls in the teen age, and to provide wholesome care in evacuation areas. Child xife protection. TINES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 23, No. 1237, p. 3B2 Billeting and problems of health; child welfare; foster parents and insurance. Children who stayed behind (London) 1939, Oct. 21, No. 1277, p. 413 Problems created by the large number of children who failed to evacuate. Clothing and footwear for evacuated children. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London]“ 1941, Feb. 15, Vol. 105, p. 96 Provision of clothing responsibility of parent. Work of the women’s Voluntary Services in pro- viding free clothing to victims of air raids. Conditions in reception areas. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1941, Feb. 22, Vol. 105, p. 10?. .Report of a committee appointed by the Minister of Health, under the chairmanship of Geoffrey Shakespeare. Covers welfare arrangements, finan- cial allowances, publicity. Dealing with the misfits. TIKES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Nov. 4, No, 1279, p. 426 Some problems presented in the reception areas by the emotionally unadjusted. Defense (Administration of Justice) Regulations. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL•iLondon) 1940, July, 20, Vol. 84, p. 435 A regulation providing for the sittings of certain courts chiefly concerned with criminal business in the event of an invasion. 292 Evacuation and welfare. JUSTICE OF THE PEAÖE “(London) 1940, July 22, Vol. 104, p. 343 Comments on issues raised in an article in the magazine ‘’’Social Work51 dealing with social wel- fare work in reception areas. Evacuations health and welfare services. JUSTICE OF THEi PEACETLondonJ 1941, Pebj 15, Vol. 105, p. 98. Covers Government expenditures, domiciliary medical treatment, Infectious diseases and other hospital treatment. First aid posts; employment of relief nurses and release ofUkeaTth visitors, JUSTICE OF TljE PEACE (hendon) 1941, Feb, 15, Vol. 105, p, 96 Additional nurses to be secured under certain circumstances, through the Civil Nursing reserve. Health visitors should be replaced at first aid posts by other nurses, freeing the former for their routine maternity and child welfare work. Girls club in war-time. TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Nov. 4, No. 1279, p. 425 How war conditions have curtailed welfare work among girls. Larceny and looting. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, Nov. 9, Vol. 104, p. 621 Contrasts penalties for larceny and looting. Criticizes lightness of punishment usually given for air raid looting. Looting, JUSTICE 0F THE PEACE (London) 1940, Oct. 5, Vol, 104, p. 553. Legal questions involved in charges of looting in air raids. Police courts and air raids, JUSTICE 0F THE'PEACE (London) 1940, Sept, 14, Vol. 104, p. 508, The conduct of trials during air-raids. 293 Probation in War Tine, JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1930, July 29, No, 30, Vol, 105, p* 312 In the event of a National Emergency many of the full tine male probation officers, as well as a number of part time officers, would leave the probation service at short notice. The Secretary of State is hopeful that among the large number of persons who are in touch with the Home Office, and have some knowledge of the work, a sufficient number of persons may be found to carry on the work. Re-housing of persons rendered homeless by enemy action; need for regiona1 organization• JUSTICE OFTHE FLAGE (London) 1941, Peb. 22 , Vol. 105, p. 113 Text of resolutions passed by Lancashire Association of Urban District Councils. Russian eioneers in camp TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 30, No. 1274, p, 385 Organization and activities in Russian camp for children of school age. Schooling after evacuation TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept, 2, No. 1270, p. 352 Suggestions for the education and general welfare of evacuated children to be based on local conditions and resources (circular No. 1474, Board of. Education) Schooling in an emergency JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, Sept. 9, Vol. 103, No, 36, p. 60S Further suggestions for the education and general welfare of evacuation children. The care of young children separated from their homes and parents becomes a National-service and makes a heavy call on the energy and resourcefulness of teachers Scotland: Wales TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept, 16,. No, 1272, p, 360 Review of conditions and problems in education- arising from evacuation of school children. 294 Shelter morals attacked rßrmiLYitnL jmssonj 1941, March 7, Ho. 989, Col. 3, p, 3 War conditions are causing young people of Britain between the ages 17 and 18 to lose their sense of moral values, according to Mr. Watson Cf. Boyce probation officer, also that young people .refuse to sleep in shelters with their parents or relatives. Children have been deprived of dancing, country hiking, handi- craft and arts. The uhbilletables JUSTICE'W TIE PEACE (London) 1941, Jan. 13, Vol, 105, p. 31 Halls and hostels provided for evacuees whose personal habits prevent their being accepted into private homes of reception areas. Un-neutral areas TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1941, May, 3, Ho. 1357, p. 207 Criticism of the lack of proper evacuation measures; the dangers and handicaps to children unevacuatod. See also - EDUCATIONS EVACUATION; YOUTH - WELEARE. SPECIAL CLASSES, PROTECTION OP Achievements of the blind THE HEW BEACON-(London!7 1941, April 15, Vol. 25, No. 292, p. 53 A blind heroine - the actions of a blind woman during an air raid.* Liverpools blind ARP v/arden: how a blind man is assisting in ARP Y/ork; a blind nurse and a blind home-guard in Devonshire - how they contribute to civil defense work. The blind and the blackout TILE HWTJEATOI'fTLondonT 1940, July 15, Vol. 24, No. 283, p. 143 Discusses the problems confronting blind persons during blackouts; suggest ways of guarding against blackout violation by blind persons. The blind in wartime THE HEW BEÄCOir (London) 1939, Sept. 15, Vol. 23, No. 273, p. 236 The role of the blind under all phases of 295 national defense in Britain. Suggestions as to the best use of the blind in war work. Aged and infirm should be evacuated to places of safety. Blind welfare and the war KHLoHd^nT- 1939, Pet. 15, Vol. 23, No. 274, p. 257 Reports from agencies for the blind throughout Britain on wartime arrangements. All plans and phases of the work carried on by the National Institute for the blind, St. Dunstanfs for blinded soldiers and sailors, the Jewish blind society. Blitz in East London THE ÜEW BEACON-(London) 1941, March 15, Vol. 25, No. 291, p. 33 A discussion of the many problems of evacuating the blind from East London, Several case histories in the poor sections of elderly blind persons who were evacuated . Double problems are presented when the blind person is mentally defective. Bombing an institution for the blind THE NEW BEACON (London) 1938, June 15, Vol. 22, No. 268, p. 141 An account of the bombing by Japan of the Insti- tution for the Chinese Blind and Deaf in Shang- hai, China, Details of the actual bombing and subsequent action by the Japanese authorities. The care of blind Jewish refugees TSf N07~BEACON rtondon) 1939, Oct. 15, Vol. 23, No. 274, p. 266 The problems raised by the admission of blind refugees. Domiciliary assistance Ttlfe NEW BEÄC0N1 London) 1941, Jan. 15, Vol. 25, No. 289, p. 5 An outline of the present position in' southern and western regional areas in Britain, dealing with the problems of blind persons in civil defense and air raid precautions work. Points out that benefits for blind persons may be increased due to conditions brought about by the war. 296 Emergency plans THE NEW BEACON (London) 1933, Oct. 15, Vol. 22, No. 262, p. 269 Plans made for a national emergency in the wel- fare of the blind, the negative side of pre- cautionary measures and the positive side of service measures. All plans should be made well in advance of the emergency for evacuations of the blind children and aged persons. Evacuation from the coast THE NEW BEACON (London] 1940, Aug. Vol. 24, No. 284, p. 166 Discusses the many problems presented in the evacuation of blind persons that do not apply to persons that have sight; outlines the details of one instance of evacuation of the blind from start to finish and their establishment in new homes. Evacuation of the blind/ THE NEW BEACON [Tondon) 1941, Eeb, 15, Vol. 25, No. 290, p. 24 How homes for blind children are being used for blind adults after the children are evacuated to safer areas. Suggests that finding suitable homes for blind evacuees has presented a great problem and outlines attempts to overcome it in the future. Foreign news THE NEW BEACON (London) 1939, March 15, Vol, 23, No. 267, p. 60 Care of the war blinded in Spain, the establish- ment of a home for blind soldiers where-they receive instructions in Braille, typing, short- hand, poultry farming, basketry and gardening. The establishment of ten schools, 50 hostels and a dozen workshops for the blind is contem- plated for the near future. Home news THE NEWS BEACON (London) 1939, Sept. 15, Vol. 23, No. 2?5, p. 280 The preference of the blind in Dageham to re- main home, only 3 out of 65 agreed to be evac- uated. Blind workers make siren suits for ARP worker; reprint of items in Public Assistance journal on assistance to blind evacuees; games for blind during air raids; traveling facilities for the blind. 297 Home news THE NEW BEACON (London) 1940, Tan. 15, Vol. 24, No. 277, p. 4 A fire in a hostel for the blind during a black- out; how the occupants were evacuated. Home news THE NEW BEACON (London) 1940, Feb. 15, Vol. 24, No. 278, p. 29 A copy of the form being used in Britain for registering of volunteer war workers for the blind. War blinded men, how they will be pro- vided for by government. War activities of the blind in Bradford Royal Institution for the blind; the establishment of air raid-shelters; the pro- gram of training in first aid, fire fighting and anti-gas activities. Home news THFltfWT&ACON (London) 1940, April, Vol, 24, No. 280, p. 76 Discusses Manchester’s blind social clubs con- tribution to the defense efforts. A letter from Miss Helen Keller to the blind of Kent, to main- tain morale of blind during war. Home news THETNOT SEACON (London) 1940, Aug. 15, Vol. 24, No. 284, p. 156 The movement of blind persons from one area to another under war conditions; outlines rules made by Minister of Health to cover such movements. Home news THE NEW'BEACON'(London) 1940, Sept. 1$, Vol. 24, No. 285, p. 175 Damage to Institutions for the blind in hir raids; how a blind man saved an elderly woman and an invalid in a London shelter. Home news THE NEWTEACON (London) 1941, Feb. 15, Vol. 25, No.290, p. 19 Visit of King and Queen to blind air raid victims. Children give nativity play in air raid shelter for the blind. A report of the Minister of Health affecting war blinded civilians, the methods of hospitalization and arrangements for payment. 298 The hone teacher and national service THE NEW Bß AG ON "(Londonf' 1939, Feb. 15, Vol. 23, No. 266, p. 41 An editorial advising home teachers of the blind to attend lectures on air raid precautions. The knowledge thus attained nay be conveyed to the blind and make their task less difficult in war- t ime. In shelter for four months, never out NEWS' CHRONICLE ThondonT 1941, March 5, No. 25, 987, p. 5 Statement by Lord Horder that many aged persons are living-in public shelters in preference to going home, and that most of then never leave the inside of the shelter. Mental defectives who have been evacuated JUSTICE OF THE PEAÜE~(Lonclon] 1941, March 8, Vol. 105, p. 135 Financial responsibility for care of evacuated Rental defective rests with sending authority. Nursing and evacuation schone. Provision for expectant mothers, JUSTICE OF Ml 'PEACE (London) 1939, July 22, Vol. 103, No. 29, p. 493 It was announced, at the Queens Institute ;of District Nursing that householders in the re- ception area under the Government’s evacuation scheme are not oblidged to take in expectant mothers, unless on understanding that the con- finement would take place in the Maternity homes. A heavy call on the services of Midwivos in reception areas is expected, and steps have already been taken to secure an adequate supply. Playing their part TSE « BEA'C OiriTondon) 1940, April 15, Vol. 24, No. 280, p. 83 What the blind persons . of Britain are doing in the National war effort, their participation in acting as guides during blackouts and their training and duties in air raid precaution work. Precautions for diabetic persons in wartime JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London! 1941, Feb. 15, Vol. 106, p. 97 Diabetic patients should carry card indicating 299 that they are diabetic and taking insulin. The Diabetic Association has Issued a pamphlet "Precautions for Diabetic patients in wartime”. Recent housing schemes THF1ÜJNICIPAL JO UR UAL (London) 1939, January 20, Vol. 48, No. 2399, p. 15S When approving plans for the construction of houses for aged persons, inquiry is made as to whether one room should be bomb splinter proof. Some evacuation problems TBETOT BEACON (London)“' 1941, Feb. 15, Vol. 25, No. 290, p. 17 The annual report of the Wiltshire Association for the blind for 1938-1939 dealing with the evacuation of the blind. Outlines the pre- liminary plans and how.they were put into effect. War and the blind worker THE NEi? DEACON''(London)' ' 1939, Sept. 15, Vol. 18, No. 273, p. 230 The problems of blind workers under war conditions. The difficulty of reaching place • of employment, their problems during air raids, the hardships worked by evacuation of blind workers to localities where there is no opportunity to continue employment. War conditions funds for special areas THE S W33AC0H "(London) 1940, Sept. 15, Vol. 24, No. 285, p. 181 The serious problems faced by voluntary Societies for the Blind in certain evacuated areas, the desire of blind persons to remain in evacuated areas in preference to moving to strange and unfamiliar surroundings has raised many difficulties that are being studied and overcome by local committees. Wartime problems of home teachers THE NEW BEACON ~ 1940, Jan. 15, Vol. 24, No. 277 The problems of home teachers of the blind are- discussed; evacuation of blind, their clothing, feeding and care while traveling during evacua- tion, Apart from evacuation, teachers must- help their charges in National registration, 500 rationing, ARP matters. The principle of the Social Center must e maintained, as the blind have a natural desire to take part in the national effort with such work as they can do. SPOTTEPS Automatic fire-bomb detection BUSINESS (LonHorTJ 1941, Jan. Vol, LXXl, No. 1, p. 23 The demand for fire-bomb watchers to safeguard every business building raised difficult problems for employers. The automatic fire-bomb detector solves nearly all the difficulties, A small light-sensitive electric cell, or electric eye makes human watchers job far easier and much less uncomfortable. Description of instrument and method of operation summarized. Citizens with sand foiled big air raid on London NETS CHR ONI C LE~TLon dlän) 1941, Jan. 13, No. 29, No. 543, p, 6 How thousands of volunteers with sand defeated a large scale attempt to fire the city of London by fire bombs. Prevented many fires by neutra- lizing the bomb before it exploded. Fire I TIMS AND TIDE (London) 1941, Jan. 4, Vol, 22, No. 1, p. 3 The work to be tackled is formidable both in local planning and individual responsibility. The extinction of incendiaries is neither difficult nor dangerous but to sight them accurately during night raids and to see that they are hunted down in the rafters or more remote corners of some buildings that may not be wholly familiar re- quires some strength of purpose and skill. Ć ompuls ory methods we1c ome d. Fire fighting TIME AND TIDE (London) 1941, Jan. 25, Vol. 22, No. 4, p, 58 The few weeks grace given to the voluntary system in fire watching and fighting before introducing compulsion have been extremely valuable in allow- ing a natural formation of voluntary effort to establish itself which has now only to be cemented u.j conscription. The work of these volunteers has already stood the tost in several raids. The gaps in their ranks will now bo filled by con- scripts . 301 Fire watching JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1941, March 1, Vol. 105, p, 125 \ This booklet is described as dealing with the obligations and exemptions of the emergency laws on fire watching. Fire watching exemption tribunals THE”LAW JOURNAL (London) 1941, March 8, Vol. XGI, No. 3921, p. 98-99 The conrplusory enrollment order, 1941, S.R. & 0. Civil defense obligations that all persons of either sox or age be required to register. Fire prevention at business premises by order of Minister of Home Security , applications for exemptions and appeals. Maintaining war production THE OBSERVER-(London) 1940, Sept. 22, Ho. 7791, p. 8 Arrangements made for every factory to have a trained watcher; insurance compensation rights when working up to final warning; the governments pledge. No factory immune from bombs THE CAKTON MAGÄZINE“TLondon) 1940, Nov. Vol. 42, No. 11, p. 144 Most firms work through the ” alert” period and depend upon spotters to warn them when real dangor is imminent. What to do whore paper stocks and machines are used. Raid spotter’s pocket book and log ELECTRICAL REVIEW (Lon^onT 1941, Marc & 28,Vol. 128, No. 3305, p. 508 Raid spotter’s pocket book and log published by Chas, Lett 8c Co. is a small convenient book cona taining valuable information to enable both the novice and experienced spotter to detect enemy aircraft. Contains methods of identification with thirty-two illustrations of the most common types of British, American, Gorman and Italian aircraft. Roof spotting TEXTILE MANUFACTURER (Manchester) 1941, Oct, Vol. 67, No. 789, p. 372 Survey of the British textile industry. 302 revealing loss in time and production due to air raids. Employment of spotters to warn of enemy’s approach. Workers urged to consider warning as an nalert" rather than an invitation to take shelter, thus probably halting production need- lessly; workers requested to leave to the roof- spotters the decision as to the necessity of tak- ing shelter. Roof spotting system TElvTI LE MANUFACTURER 1940, Sept. Vol. 56, No. 789, p. 240 Illustrations. An industrial observation post organization which has proved successful in practice, giving quick locations, rapid survey of situation, and prompt action when and where required. Roof watchers for the Post Office THE~OBSERVER (London! ~ 1940, Sept. 8, Wo. 7789, p. 10 Methods for imporoving the service during air rai d warnings. Roof top watchers to insure safety until final warning. The Spotters Handbook (a book review) FLIGHT '(London) 1941, Feb. 6, Vol. XXXIX, No. 1676, p. 112 Roof spotting an important matter and is rapidly developing into an exact science. The spotter has great responsibilities; upon his efficiency depend the lives of workers beneath his roof, Indentification of friend and foe important. The spotter should not be burdened with anymore technicalities of aircraft than is necessary. Spotters should not be employed by the factory for which they are spotting. Trader’s obligations to combat fire raids. PISH TRADES GAZETTE (London) 1941, March 29, Vol. LVIII, No. 5018, p. 25 Clarification of the order which makes it mandatory that merchants arrange for detection and control of fires due to air raids. Watchers for every building (lessons of the raid) TEE OBSERVER (London) 1941, Jan, 5, No. 7806, p, 8 Parliament’s policy that each building have a squad of fire bomb fighters. Need for universal 303 precaution becomes increasingly apparent; the difficulty in obtains man power. SPOTTERS - U.S.A. Volunteer air raid spotters WASHINGTON NEWSLETTER"(Washington, D.C.) 1941, May 2, Vol. 1, No. IS, p. 3 Army air corps plans to organize a system of civilian volunteer aircraft spotters, nation-wide in scope. Calls for half million citizens, out- side observers to be mostly older men outside draft age or unfit for combat service. Inside duty to be by young people. STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS ARP in new buildings THE MUNICIPAL- JOURNAL (London) 1939, Pan. 20, Vol. 48, No. 2399, p. 160 When designing new buildings the city should provide adequate refuge accommodations, but the Sheffield City Council points out, that there is no by-law making such provision compulsory. ARP wartime building THE IRON AND COAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1940, Dec. 27, Vol. 141, p. 6?2. Tables A review of bulletin published by the Building Research Board considering wartime building needs in the. light of ARP, economy of material, and design factors. Design and construction of external strongholds TEE BUILDER (London] 1938, Nov. 18, Vol. 155, Mo. 4998, pp. 985-98? It has been proved by numerous tests that concrete, mass or reinforced has considerable advantage over other materials, both from a structural and econom- ical point of view. It is an established fact that round mild steel bars of small diameter arranged to form a mesh in at least three directions ere the most effective method of reinforcement against penetration and explosion. Minimizing destruction by bombs; strengthening of buildings; method and cost explained. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 26, Vol. 48, No. 2417, p. 1198 The protection of buildings against bomb damage 304 discussed from the point of view of practica- bility, cost, and effectiveness. The resistance to collapse of structures under air attack. THE' SOCIETY OF ENGINEERS (London ) 1940, Ian-June, Yol. XXXI, No. 1, pp. 21-25 Points to be considered when designing new struc- tures or when strengthening existing buildings. Settlements and the arts _in war aerial defense and city structures. AVIATION AND SCHOOL 1939, 15, Yol. 4, pp. 110-115 Steel framed shed buildings and air attack TEETuILDEH““ (TETnoonT 1941, Jan. 10, Yol. CIZ, No. 5110, p. 62 The Ministry of Home Security (Research and Experiments Department) have issued Bulletin No. c 15, dealing with "strengthening steel-framed shed buildings against collapse due to air attack". Most fully steel-framed single-storey factory buildings (states the Bulletin) are highly re- sistant to structural damage by air attack. Structural Precautions against air attack THE BUItDISR (LondonJ 1939, Jen. 13, Vol. 156, No. 5006, pp. 21-30 Types of shelters; factors relating to the de- signing of shelters; precautions in new small single and multi-storey buildings. Structural precaution against the H.S. Bomb TEE 'MUNICIPAL, JOURNAL {'London') 1939, Jan. 20, Yol. 48, No. 2399, p. 159 Practical proposals on structural precautions against air raids by Mr. Helsby who suggested underground shelters with play ground roof. Structural precautions at first aid posts. cleansing centres and ambulan ce deocts JUSTICE OF TEE PEACE (London) 1941, March, Vol. 105, p. 126 Summarizes points covered in several Government circulars. 305 Structural precautions for schools; Board of Education announces ~change of'*methods THE MUNICIPAL' IOURNAL (London) 1939, Dec. 29, Vol. 48, No. 244S, p. 2543 Because scarcity of timber 0 number of methods of construction hitherto adopted for sir raid defense measures must be' abandoned. Pre-cast concrete must be used where possible, second hand timber can often be used where wood is necessary. Wartime building bulletins THE STRUCTURAL’ ENGINEER (London) 1941, Jan, Vol. XIX, No. 1, p. 12 A summary of the two most recent wartime building bulletins issued by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. Bulletin 10- (a) conceal- ment from the Air (application of camouflage); (b) the minimizing of damage from aerial bombardment; (c) economy in the use of materials. Bulletin 11- precautions for concreting and bricklaying in cold weather. Wartime building construction 1941, April 11, Vol. 151, No. p. 300 Wartime building bulletin No. 13 issued by the Department of Scientific Research amplifies the information concerning the importance of fire protection and the protection of structural steel work in buildings; data on how old and new structures should be treated to ensure adequate protection from fire hazards. See also ARCHITECTS: BUILDINGS - DESIGNS. TECHNICAL RESEARCH See RESEARCH TRANSPORTATION Canals in Wartime THE London) 1941, April 4, Vol. CXXI, No. 4447, p. 219 Importance of use of canals as means of transpor- tation in wartime stressed. Plea made to Minister of Transport for maintenance and upkeep of canals and the provision of necessary labour for working of barges. 306 Cut passenger trains to help war transport NEWS CHRONICLE (London) 19 Al, April 3, No, 29,612, p. 3 It lias become necessary in Britain to curtail passenger service on railroads in order that supplies for National Defense, such as Rome Defense equipment may not be delayed. Organizing transport for ARP services THE MJFICIPAL- JOLWALTEondonT~^‘“' 1939, Feb. 2A, Vol. A3, No. 2J.04, pp. 4X7-419 Transport arrangements a complete register of all transport vehicles available. Plans putting voluntary transports on an established basis. Transport in wartime; problems of lighting reduced revenues, emergency needs, protecting passengers, alternative fuels. 1940, Oct. 25, 7ol. A9, p. 135B A survey of the methods suggested by the National Committee of the Passenger Services■Group of the Transport and General Workers Union, the plan adopted by the Nottingham Corporation transport Department, etc. The underground services THE OBSERVER (London] 1940, Sept. 1, No. 7788, p. 3 Restrictions during air raids; erection of flood gates in underground tunnels; curtailment of train schedules; passengers to avail themselves of other routes without additional cost. Wartime finance as applied to a municipal transport undertaking PASSENGER TRANSPORT- JOURNAL (London) 1940, Aug. 30, Vol. 83, No. 2095, p. 75 Wartime transport in London THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, ferch 31, Vol, A3, No. 2A09, p. 7A5 A report by the L.C.C, claims that the transport problem is being dealt with in a very efficient and comprehensive manner. Much of the work has been facilitated by the ready cooperation of the Commercial User and London Motor Gab Proprietors Association. 307 TRANSPORTATION -AUTOMOTIVE Air raids THE MUNICIPAL'JOURNAL (London) 1939, Jan. 13, Vol, 48, No, 2398, p, 103 The Ministry of Transport Indicates the possi- bility of the whole of the electric supply being interrupted, thereby shutting down trolley and bus service for a considerable period in the event of an air raid. ARP Transport vehicles in service; the Bonallack- Gnevrolet dual“'purpose ambulance THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 12, Vol. 48, No, 2416, p, 1065 The vehicle described can accommodate four stretchers, or can be used for carrying goods and equipment. Batteric3S stored for the duration THE MOTOR (Londonf^ 1941, March 26, Vol. LXXIX, No. 2048, p.14 Instructions for storing automobile batteries during period of war emergency. British depend on truck caravans mobility for feed- ing "blitz” vTcTTms in bombed are as AUTOMOBILE FACTS (Dour oTIT 1941, May, Vol,111, No. 9, p, 6 Faced with the problem of how to feed towns that have suffered heavy bombings, the British Ministry of Pood is employing 18 motor caravans each consisting of eight motor trucks and five motor cycles to handle the emergency job. Tho British refer to highway transportation as the Fourth arms of defense. The cleaning service and ARP; decontamination, training and ”transport THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 23, Vol. 48, No. 2421, p, 1419 Summary of the proceedings of the Institute of Public Cleansing, Discussion topic; ” ARP from a public cleansing officer’s standpoint”, English aids for traffic during blackout periods PUBLIC WORKS(London] i 1940, April, pp, 56-7 English busses for Scottish workers COMMERCIAL MCTCRThondon) 1941, April 25, Vol. LXXIII, No. 1884, p. 254 Providing transportation for billeted workers, fares and schedules, H locaust of the roads THl MUNICITaL JOURNAL (London) 19o9, Oct. 27, Vol. 48, No. 2439, p. 2263 The blackout and its effects on road accident figures. Tremendous increase in fatalities noted. Immobilising motor vehicles THE SOLICITORS JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 6, Vol. 84, No, 27, p. 410 Motor vehicle drivers, taking shelter on the sounding of an air raid, must lock their vehicles. Methods prescribed by day are the re- moval of the ignition keys and locking in order to prevent access to driver’s seat. If this cannot be done the distributor arm or main ignition lead must be removed. Doctors, veteri- narian, and district nurses using their cars at night for professional services may leave their cars unattended provided they remove the key and lock the doors. New type mask for use on busses MOTOR TRANS FORT CLcndcnJ 1940, Jan. 20, Vol. 70, p, 11 Details of a new mask for the near side head lights of public service vehicles. Product of Trico-Polberth, Ltd. Remobilize cars for national defense THE MOTW" (LohdohT) “ 1941, Feb. 19, Vol. LXXIX, No. 2043, p. 45 The practical effect of Government policy since the war has been towards immobilizing what are classed ’’private motor vehicles”. The author proposes to show that this tendency is dangerous from the point of view of national defense. He suggests methods to check it. Road vehicles in air raids PASSENGER TRANSPORT JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 5, Vol. 83, No. 2087, p. 4 Lighting rules. Chief constable of Manchester makes an announcement about the correct lights to be displayed on vehicles during an air raid. Also a few general rules for civilian guidance. 309 TRANSPORTATION - MARINE Bomb Destroying Device Invented WESTERN PLYINGlLos Angeles“ Calif.) 1940, Oct. Vol. 20, No. 10, pp. 54 An article on the protection of canal locks and other strategic areas, such as by a device just developed. Der Luftshutz auf Binnenschiffen ZEITSCHRIFT DUR BiMlNSGHINFAHRT (Berlin) Gerweck, J. 1940, Nov. Vol. 11 Aerial attack on central shipping;the protection of people, and ships against bombs; signal Wardens and equipment for fire; protection. The dangers of blackouts on ships. The North sea has its own ARP now, war IllustratedTLondonf“ 1940, March 29, Vol. 29, No. 30. p. 307 The savage attacks of Nazi bombers on the North Sea tawlers necessitated the institution of a nev/ organization to deal with casualties known as the ARP marines. It consists of civilian volunteers who are drawn from men with long experience of the sea. TRANSPORTATION, RAILWAY Anti-aircraft defense of R.R. stations VESTNIK PROTIVOZDUSHNOI OBORONT (Review of Anti- aircraft defense) (Moscow) 1937 pp. 51-53 This article is a compilation of different Polish articles on the defense and the camouflage of R.R. stations British railways and the war effort PASSENGBR TRANSPORT JOURNAL (London) 1940, August, Vol. 83, p. 39 An exhibition of photographs has opened at Charing Cross Underground station outlining the many acti- vities of the railways in time of war. The exhi- bition lias eleven sections dealing with preparation, protection, excavation:, blackout., night work, munitions, weather, refuge, troops etc. 310 Fliegerabwehr und luftschütz der eisen bahnen auf dem kriegs~schuplatz nach Sawje-russisehen auss cha uimgen. (Anti-ai rer a 11 me a sur e s and aerial protection of railroads, as lias been shown by Soviet Russia) MILITÄR “WOCHENBLAST (Weekly-Military Record) (Germany) von Nagel, 1939, Oct. 13, Vol. 124, col. 395-397 How war effects Britains Rail-roads. RAILWAY AGE. (LondonT 1939, °ct. 7, Vol. 107 p. 532 Railroads not ready for war, even if United States stays out, 'RAILWAY AGE. (London) 1939, Sept. 2, Vol. 107: 331-4 A seven day Journal THE ENÖIM&R' (london) 1941, March 21, Vol. CLXXI, No. 4445, p. 137 Various topics dealing with wartime railway operations the Society of British aircraft constructors and the fire on the "Bremen” etc. UTILITIES See Public Utilities VOLUNTEERS See Personnel,Volunteer WAR DAMAGE, Air Raid Damage THE MANCHESTER'GUARDIAN (London) 1941, March 27, No. 29,436 p. 3 Attempt by the "Royal Exchange Authorities" to dispel rumor concerning air raid damages to their Premises. Air raid damage information TM JütMTHT' [ London) 1940, Dec. 14, Vol. 43, p. 686 Information concerning war damage must be safe- guarded, because of its possible value to the enemy. 311 Air raid damage in Germany IRON AND GOAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1941, Nov. 28, Vol.142, No. 3813 Damages' wrought by the R.A.P. in Germany as reported by the British Ministry of information in collaboration with the Ministry of Economic warfare during the week of Dec. 15-20. Estate duty and air raids LAW JOURNAL “(London) 1940 - Oct, 19, Vol. 90 - p. 155 How a house or building destroyed in an air raid is to be dealt with for estate duty purposes. Mortgages and war damage MWJOURNAL~T London)“^ 1940 Nov. IS, Vol. 90, p. 193 Examination of the laws covering the repair of mortgaged property damaged in air raids. Obiter Dicta TM YM J0ÜRNAL (London) 1941 March 8, Vol. xc 1 No. 3921 p. 93-94 War damage and litigation- variety of interests in immovable property. Problems of air raid victims fiffi MUNICIPAL joMMl and local government ADMINISTRATOR (London) XS40, Kov. 15, No. 2494, Vol 49, p. 1453 On the question of responsibility for salving furniture from bombed houses, Mr, Herbert Morrison, Minister of Home Security stated that the primary responsibility for recovery -and. protection of the goods rests with the owners. Local authorities render every possible assis- tance , Recording our architectural treasures TM' PARTHEÜON "(London) 1941, March, Vol. XV, No. 6, p. 68 Organization for recording and documenting bomb damage to buildings of architectural interest. Salving furniture in damaged buildings THE SOLICITORS’ JOWNALV (London! 1940, Dec., 14, Vol. 48, p. 68S. The responsibility of local authorities for sal- vage of furniture and personal belongings from houses and other buildings damaged in air raids. t I o O ..L i-j Structural ARP - air raid structures in Barcelona BUILDBR '(London) 1939, Feb. 3, Vol. 156, No. 5009, 'p. 250-253 Types of damage resulting from explosions;(1) com- plete disintegration of material (2) damage due to blast (3) smaller pieces of material acquire great speed (4) collapse of upper portions of structures (5) complete collapse due to inertia of gases. Town planning. War damage THE SOLICITORS» JOURNAL. (London) 1940, Dec. 14, Vol. 84, p. GÖ5 The Minister of Words and Buildings to report to cabinet on planning of reconstruction following damage to towns by air attack. Unfit by reason of war damage TCLondon-]* 1939, Oct, 14, Vol. 188, No. 5037, p. 245 The Landlord and Tenact Act deals with the posi- tion which arises where the property comprised in the lease is ’’unfit by reason'of war 'damage”. It is obvious that if the premises are slightly chipped, for example by falling shrapnel, there is no reason for modifying the provisions of the lease, but where the premises have been rendered '»unfit”; the act contains elaborate provisions for adjusting rights. W a r d am n .v e THE LAW fl'MES (London) 1939, Oct. 14, Vol. 188, No. 5037, p. 245 The Landlord and Tenact Act 1939, deals with the position where the property has suffered war damage. However trivial such damage is, neither party to the lease is olaced under any obligation to repair it. If the damage makes it impracti- cable or of no substantial advantage to do other repairs, the obligation of the person liable under the lease to do such repairs is suspended until the war damage is made good« War damage and mortgagee’s security THE SOLICITORS JOURNAL TLondon) 1940, Nov. 9, Vol. 84, No. 45, p. 628 In order to deal with some of the hardships which will arise as a result of this war, damage to real property, the Landlord and Tenant (War Damage) Act 1939 was passed. It is very common 313 for a mortgage deed to contain a covenant by the mortgagor that he will keep the mortgaged pre- mises- in repair. Such obligations to repair are dealt with in this act, rendering it no longer obligatory to repair or make good any war damage. The Mortgagee, his servants or agents are permitted to enter at reasonable times to inspect the damage, and if he wishes, to repair it either permanently or temporarily. But it shall not be lawful, except with leave of the court, for a mortgagee to enforce any right arising out of a breach of this implied covenant. War damage and sale of land THE LAW JOUWAiTiondoa]- 1941, - Jan. 4, Vol. XC ; - No. 3912, - p. 4 The assignability of the right ot receive compen- sation payments. Cost and value of works pay- ments. Provisions for sale when property suffers damage before completion of contract. War damage: Disclaimer and possession. THE SOLICITORS’ JOHRNALVIondon) 1940, Nov. 30, Vol. 34, p. 662 Possibilities for salvage should make tenants hesitate to serve notice of disclaimer under the Landlord end Tenant (War Damage) Act. 1939 War damage; the homeless THTT TÖDMAI' (London) 1940, Oct. 12, Vol. 84, No. 42, p. $90 It is intimated that many of the families rendered homeless, by enemy action, v/ill be in receipt of their normal income, and arrangements made with them for the payment ot the local authority of reasonable charges, regard being had to the accommodation offered and the rent previously paid by the family. It is not proposed to apply in these cases the system of assessment and recovery which has been adopted in the case of billeting of unaccompanied school children. War damage: Rent and mortgage interest payments THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL (’London) .1940, Dec. 14, Vol. 84, p. 68$ National Federation of Tenants and Residents’ Association recommends automatic suspension of rent and mortgage repayments in heavily bombed areas. 314 War damage to buildings TEE BUI LDKETLendon) 1941, Jan. 10. Vol. CLX, No. 5110, p. 58. Damage to buildings, reaction of roofs (timber- framed) to blast; framed buildings; fire bombs first aid repairs and demolition. War damage to leaseholders THE LAW' TIMES' (London) 1939, Oct. 14, Vol. 188, No. 5037, p. 244 Where the enemy causes damage to property in England, the general principle appears to be that the loss will be borne by the community after the War, so as it is to pay. The provisions of the Landlord and Tenant (War Damage) Act 1939 are to have effect not-withstanding any contract to the contrary made before the damage occurred. After the damage has occurred, however, the parties are free to throw over the Act and come to whatever bargain they please. War damages, premises unfit LAW TIMES”(London} 1940, Dec, 21, 190:316 War damage to property UUSTIGE CE THE"PEACE [London) 1939, Nov. 4, Vol. 103, p, 708 Statements of the Weir Committee on the subject of war damaged property. War damage to property; insurance THE SOLICITOHS * JOURNAL (London) 1940, Oct. 12, Vol, 84, No, 41 The practicability of an insurance scheme cover- ing air raid damage to property has become a subject of much interest. It was pointed out that the Chancellor of Exchequer was requested to review such a scheme; but the announcement was made before the intensification of the enemy*s air attack on London, and that naturally there had boon serious question since then about the practicability of immediate payment of full value in any form. The restoration of confidence by the knowledge that damage to property will be made good within a reasonable time is of much more concern to the property owner. 315 War time adjustment of Liabilities. JUSTICE- OF• THE PLACETLondon) ’ 1941 Apr. 5, Vol. 105, p. 193 Summary of a bill introduced into the House of Lords "to provide for the arrangement or the adjustment and settlement of the affairs of persons financially affected by war circumstances". See; also BUILDINGS - DAMAGED - WAR DAMAGE - COMPENSATION Air Raid Damage - Compensation THE SOLICITORS JOURNAL (London) 1940, Aug. 7, No. 36, Vol. Si,, p. 518 The Government scheme makes provisions for the payments of compensation for air raid damage to property after the war up to the full amount in small cases and as far as circumstances will permit in other cases. But even where "full" compensation is payable, it appears there is likely to be con- siderable difference between the amount that will eiventually be ontained and the cost incurred in putting the property into repair immediately. Compensation for buildings TSTTHTUTIRRAir (TBndonJ 1940, Dec. 7, Vol, 90, p. 223 Inequitable effect of some of the provisions of the Landlord and Tennnt (War damage) act. Compensation for damage THE LAW TIMESTIondon) 1939, Feb. 11, No. 5002, Vol. 187, p. 100 Damage to property is to as assessed by a compen- sation board- and compensation ultimately paid on the highest scale compatible with the circumstances of the country after the war. Doubtless the legisla- tion which provides for the payment of such compen- . sation will also provide for its division on an equit- able basis between lessors and lessees. But the question arises whether now any provision should be inserted in leases or mortgages for the application of such compensation moneys, subject always to any over-riding statutory directions that may be in force. Compensation for war damage THE' ECONOMIST (LondonT : 1941, Mar. 29, Vol. GXL, No. 5092, p, 409 Criticisms and recommendations based on actual and desirable war damage insurance. Compensation for war damage IRON’AND GOAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1940, Dec. 27, Vol. 14, p. 673 A scheme which provides that compensation burdens shall be borne by owners and taxpayers, A conveyancer1s letter THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1941, Mar. 15th, Vol. xc 1 No. 5922 p. 105 War damage bill and trusts treated as a liabil- ity of a capita], nature. Damaged house - cost of repairs THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL (London) 1940, Nov. 9, Vol. 84, No. 45, p. S26 Householders vinose property require first aid repairs to give such repairs to a private builder and the local authority will meet the cost. The owner will be responsible for repairs to his house, unless arrangements with the builder have been made by, or with the approval of the local authority, and no payment from the owner will be called for until after the war. Goods Damaged by Raids THE OBSERVER (London)' 1940, Dec. 15, No, 7803, 150th year, p. S Goods can be insured under the warisk commodity insurance scheme only if they are in legal own- ership of a trader who holds them for sale or supply in the course of his business. If the property in the goods has passed to the customer before they wore damaged the present position is that the customer would have a claim under the Government compensation scheme for war damage. Goods lost or damaged by war THE LAW" TIMES' I London) 1939, Oct. 28, Vol. 188, No. 5038, p. 271 The liability for war damage (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1939, seeks'-to restrict common lav/, statutory and contractual liabilities, 317 mainly of bailees for loss or damage to goods, by providing in some detail that those liabili- ties shall not be deemed to extend to loss or damage by war,. Loss by war and damage by war* There can be little doubt that the courts will lean toward a wide construction of these defi- nitions so as to include all loss or damage, arising out of war raids or other types of bom- bardment , Help for air raid victims THE LISTENER "(The British Broadcasting Corporation) Wood, Sir Kingsley 1940, Dec. 26, Vol* 24, No. 624. A synopsis of a speech delivered in Parliament on "The War damage Bllln in which the speaker discusses the merits of the bill which will com- pensate victims of air raids. Insurance against war losses. WlE LAW TIMES. (Londonf 1939, Pe’o., Vol. 187, p. 98 Government rejects plan for insurance of private property against possible war damage. New definitions THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1941 - Jan. 18, Vol. xc 1 - No. 3914 - p, 26-27 Compensation defense act provides compensation for property taken by crown in the exercise of emergency powers. Payment for requisitions of property. Interpretation of war damage. Obiter Dicta THE LAW" JOURNAL (London) 1941 - Peb. 1st Vol. xc 1 No. 3916 p. 43-44 Control of newspapers; 'Freedom of the press for these newspapers determined to help win the war. Rent accuring before damage; Rent restriction act of 1933 - Reed Vs. Gordon. Practical aspects of war damage LAW JOURNAL (Londonj 1940- July 15, Vol. 89 - p. 277 Outlines laws relating to compensation for damage to land and houses, to chatties, and for personal injuries resulting from enemy action. 318 Practical Points THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1940 - Jan, 6, Vol. 89 No. 3860 - p. 9-11 Compensation for basements used as air raid shelters; compensation for seizure of obstructions created by sa.nd-bags; recontrol by landlords and tenant; street traffic blackout collisions. Practical noirits Problems on emergency legislation, THE LAW JOURNAL (London) The court’s emergency powers act, companies and trade unions loans free of interest, landlord and tenant - war do.rn.age - dilapidations. Return as to War Damage to Property JUSTICE 0? THE PEACE (LondorT) 1939 - June 17, No. 24, Vol. 103 Page 407. The Minister of Health has Issued to local authorities a circular informing them that it will be their duty in the event of war to furnish returns giving particulars of property in their area which has been damaged by enemy actions. The return will be required in connection with claims for compensation for war damage. Special legislation for raid damaged towns THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATOR (London) 1941, Fob, 7, No. 2506, Vol. 49, p. 177 State help beyond that authorized by the War damage bill, has been found to be necessary in certain devastated areas, such as Coventry, War Damage Bill BUILDER T(London) 1941, Jan, 24, Vol. GLX, No. 5112, p. 112 A Chartered Surveyors Institution Memorandum upon the 'War-Damage 3111. The provisions of each clause are given which concern ''directions’1 and regulations to bo made by the Treasury, They will enable the Treasury to given directions to the War Damage Commission as to the discharge of their functions under Part I of the Act, War damage Bill JUSTICE OP TEH PEACE (London) 1941, Jan. 4-11, Vol. 105, pp. 4,5,19-21 Detailed examination of the provisions of the bill. 319 The war damage bill THE MUNICH PAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, Jan. 10, Vol, 49, No. 2502, p. 49 Explains provisions of war damage bill being considered by British parliament; Administration of the scheme; Compulsory Agriculture Insurance Cost of the measure; Loan provisions for repairs; the procedure of the Governmental agencies charged with the requisition of private property. The War damage bill SOLICITOR* S JOURNAL (London) 1941, Fob. 1, Vol. 85, p. 52 Effect of the bill on church and university property. War damage bill and mortgagees THE LAW JOURNAL TLondon) 1941, March 22, Vol. xc 1 No, 3925, p, 117-122- Effect of bill on mortgagees1 obligations. War damage c ommis s ion THE ENGINEER (London)" 1941, April, Vol. CLX7I, No. 4447, p. 219 Report of the first meeting of the War Damage Commission. Regional office to be established at the headquarters of each Civil Defense Region, National Headquarters at Devonshire House London, to be reserved for advice on doubtful cases and for dealing with cases of special classes of property. The War damage bill and the treasury THE LAW JOURNALTLöndon) " 1941, Feb. 1, Vol, xcl No. 3916 p. 45 Relation of the treasury to the war damage bill. Claims for payment of compensation made within a fixed period. Valuation determined by re- ference to prices in Mar. 1939. Replanning for mitigation of the destruction of buildings due to the war. The war damage bill in committee THE LAW JC4J1ENÄL Ttond on) 1941 - Feb. 15, Vol, xcl Np. 3918 p. 65 Property owners receiving greatest amount of injury likely to receive least amount of com- pensation. Assessment of immovable property to building costs in 1939 (March). Pull com- 320 pensation by the government when repairs can bo made. Landlord may lose right to rent but gain the site & remnants of building* War damage comeonsation THE LAW JOURNAL' Hendon) 1941 - leb, 22nd, Vol, cxl No. 3919, p. 82 Surveyor employed to assess damages to house property due to enemy action: rates of immediate and subsequent compensation for various classes of persons i the Government to deal with mortgagor and mortgagee by special legislation, W ar Dama ge C ompen s a t i on THE SO-uIÖITOES" JOURNAL (London) 1940 Aug« 31, No, 35, Vol. 84, p. 506 Householders who have suffered destruction or damage to their homes by enemy action might claim compensation from the government for Immediate repairs or replacements. The Chancellor of Exchequer is considering a scheme of national Insurance whereby householders might mutually insure their property against destruction or damage by enemy action, so that their homes might be repaired or rebuilt without delay, ’War damage Insurance Landlord and Tenant act THE LAW JOURNAL (l^ndonT 1941 - Jan.11, Vol, xcl No, 3913 p. 10-2- The tenants1 disclaiming of lease when property Is damaged due to enemy action. The Treasury1s decision to postpone payment of compensation. War Damage Insurance THE OBSERVER’ (London) 1940 Dec, 15, No, 7805, 150th year, p, 8 The second reading of the War Damage Bill will take pi. co in the House of Commons before Christ- mas, This Important three fold measure, giving for the first time in the history of any country, security against damage by enemy action to prop- erty owners, proprietors of industrial plant and equipment, and to householders will in for much criticism on some of its1 details and the Government has allotted two days for general debate, War damage; sharing the burden SOLICITOR’S JOURNAL TT^ndorT) 1941, Jan, 18, Vol, 635, p. 25 Owner of property should not be expected to bear 321 full financial burden for damage of their property by enemy action. War Damage to Property THE SOLICITORS JOURNAL (London) 194-0 Sept. 14, No. 37, Vol. 84, p. 529 It is pointed out that compensation for War Damage to property cannot be effected by insurance because there is no actual or statistical basis on which premises could be assessed; It is urged that provisions could very simply be made by having all property owners pool their resources under the aegis of the government and pay a small additional premium. War damaged nroporty and schedule A THE W JÖTlRmTnZnd oHT — 1941 March 1st Vol. xc 1 No, 3920 p, 87 - 88 The problem arising from damage or destruction of property by enemy action; rule of abatement in the assessment in the event of loss to grow- ing crops or live stock. Warehousemen and War damage w mrimmm:- (zsEd ohT 1941"April. 5, Vol. xcl No. 3925 p. 141 ■Warehousemen’s problems when premises are bombed. Relief, that the loss is recoverable under war damaged act. The War Risks Insurance Act THE LAW TIMES (London) 1939, Sept. 30, Vol. 183, Ho. 5035, p. 219-220 Pew, if any of the-Emergency Acts of 1939 are more important than the new war risks Insurance act. It is based, on the view that the ordinary Insurers at Lloyd’s and elsewhere cannot be expected to bear the burden of Insuring against war and enemy risks incurred by shipowners and consignor^-without state -support, It Ms designed to secure that ships are laid up and commerce is not Interrupted by reason of lack of insurance. At any period when His Majesty is at war we are told to read for the term ’'King’s Enemy Risks” the term ’’War Risk”. The act assumes that the latter term is wider. See Also Insurance 322 WAR DAMAGE - REPAIR A±r Damage; Dwe 11 lug Houses THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL "1 LondonT~ 1940 Sept. 14, No. 37,Vol. 84, p. 529 Local authorities responsible for carrying out repairs immediately necessary to avoid danger to health in case both of houses on their own estate and houses on which the owners were Involved or unwilling to take action. Repairing air raid damaged; how is the act to be interpreted? ' ' " * THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATOR (London) 1940, oept, 6, No. 2484 Vol. 49, p. 1146 A discussion of the difficulty In interpretation of a passage in Section 1 of the Housing (Emergency Powers) Act. 1939, relating to the repairing of air raid damage, LLp repair _qf premises damaged by hostilities, TEE LaV/ TIBS’S (London) " 1939, Feb, 11, Vol, 187, No. 5002, p. 99 War damage to property must be regarded as out-' side the proper purview of a covenant to repair, and this is so even if the convenant expressly extends to war damage, and the liability to repairs is adjusted by the Committee in the manner it thinks equitable, regardless of the way in which the liability is placed by the lease; nor are the parties to be allowed to alter this liability by contract. The author- ities show that the fact that the property is damaged or destroyed by the King» s'" enemies or py the armed forces of the Grown, does not re- lieve either party to a lease from his liability to repair nor, if the property is totally des- a result of such operations, is the liability to pay rent cut down, LhPlacement oi damaged property; rated end other legal troubles ~ Ł ~—- ——* "LUSTIGE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940 Oct. 19, Vol. 104, p, 581, Repair and use of property damaged by enemy action. 323 War Damage THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, Dec. 27, Vol. 49, No, 2500, p. 1S54 A discussion of emergency repairs and supplies of materials, subject very completely covered including timber, materials from demolished buildings, labor, the health aspect and sugges- tions for planning in advance of air raids. War damage-emergency repairs and supplies of materials JUSTICE OP THE PEACE TŁohdon) 1940 Dec. 14, Vol. 104, p. S9G Availability bf various building materials. Suggestions as to type of damage calling for immediate repair. War damage to buildings TM MUITTcTPAX JOURNAL (London) 1939, Sept. 15, No. 2433, Vol. 43, p. 2038-2041-2042 Under the provisions of the Housing (Emergency Powers) Act 1939, local authorities are empowered to make fit for housing purposes, buildings damaged by war, and to act similarly with regards to other classes of buildings whose-maintenance is essen- tial to the welfare of the civil population. WAR INJURY War blinded civilians and hospital visitors THE NEW BEACON (London) 1940 July 15, Vol. 24- No. 283 p. 159 A discussion of the proper hospital procedure for allowing persons to visit patients blinded by war. War casualties THE NEVT13EA00N (London) 1940, Fob. 15, Vol. 24, No. 278, p, 25 Representations made by National Institute for the Blind to the government for making a preliminary scheme for the care of any persons who might be blinded by air raids or other war operations, Suggest need for training estab11shments where these person may be cared for. War Service Injuries TIE SOLICITORS'JOURNAL (London) 1940 Sept. 14, No. 37, Vol, 84, p. 530 If an emergency call to report for duty had been received, whether in the form of an air raid warn- ing or any other pre-arranged system the volunteer would be regarded as covered for the purposes óf war'service injury .from the time of leaving, the place at which the emergency call was received. Any injury sustained in such instances shall be regarded as eligible for consideration as War service injuries. The air raid. A series of articles on helical organization and surgical practice '.in dir attack ' LANCET TŁondonT P.H. Mitchiner and n.M, Cowell 1939, March 11, Vol. I, No. X, No. 6028, Vol. 236, p. 601 General principles and the explanation for the treatment of wounds of face, jaw and eye, Bomb and gunshot wounds of the face and 'jaws produce some of the most horrible, revolting, mutilations with which the surgeon is called to use in war. Arrangements for Civilians blinded by enemy action THE NEW BEACClTTLondon) I960, - Kerch. 15, Vol. 2L, No. 279, p. 53 A recommendation to the minister of Lee 1th by the National Blind Welfare Committee for the edu- cation, training, employment and general welfare of civilians blinded scs a result of the war. Avoiding danger from sandbags JUSTICE OF TEE PEACE (London) Reports failure of a claim for damages against a borough council by a woman who walked into the sandbag baffle wall of a public shelter and sus- tained injury. Blinded Civilian Casualties LANCET (London) 19AC, Feb. 3, Vol. CCmviII, No. 6075, p. 251 Arrangements made with St. Dunstanłs Hospital by the Minister of Health for the treatment of civilian casualties who may become blind as a result of war. They are to be given surgical treatment and such immediate rehabilitation as requires medical supervision. Payment will be made by the Ministry under the emergency hospital scheme. Chest Wounds By P.H. Mitchiner and E.M. Cowell LANCET (London) 1939, March A, No. 9, Vol. I, No. 602?, Vol. 236 p. 53A Full discussion of the several types of wounds 325 of the chest found among casualties due to air raids, their treatment including operative technique, and the results of operation. Nome News TlurNSW BEACON (London) 1940, July 15, Vol. 24, No. 283 p. 135 A plan bo provide for blinded civilians consists of, 1. hospital treatment and preliminary train- ing, 2. rehabilitation, 3. Instructions in suit- able courses’, 4. the supervision of training in the patients home, Scottish National Federation and the war Blinded THE NEW BE A C ON TLonSTon”) 1941, Mar. 15, Vol. 25, No. 291, p. 39 Scheme of the Scottish National Federation for the Welfare of the Blind, for Welfare Service for War blinded civilians. Main provisions of s chomei 1. Extension of welfare service. 2. Establishment of Ophthallmic Units. 3. Facilitate training and employment. Treatment for oorsons blinded in air raids JUSTICE CP THE"PEACE (London) 1940, Feb, 3, Vol. 104, n. 6.5 St. Dunstan’s hospital, near Brighton, made available for civilians blinded as a result of air raids. See also - SPECIAL CLASSES' WAR INJURY- COMPENSATION Civil defense volunteers and war service injuries LAW JOURNAL (London )’ 1940, Sept.: 14, Vol. 90 - p. 105. Examines terms of the personal injuries (Emer- gency Provisions) act of 1939, under which a civil defense worker receives compensation for injuries received in the performance of his duties. Civil defense volunteers and wor Ionen’s compensation LAW JOURNAL (London) G.Abrahams 1940, Nov. 30 Dec. 7, Vol. 90 p. 214-226-227 Examines terms of personal Injuries (Compensation Act, 1939) 326 Compensation for war injuries LANGST (LondonT” 1959, September, Vol, 237, p, 625 Minsiter of Pensions asked leave to introduce a bill to make provision-for certain personal in- juries sustained during the period of present emergency. Object of measure to provide for grants in respect of personal injuries or death caused by air raids, or other operations of war, to the civil population. Emergency hospital scheme; personal injuries (civiTian) s choino 1MÖ’~ JUSTICE OP THE-PEACE (London) 1940, Aug, 31, Vol, 104, p, 486 Rules governing the payment of compensation to hospital personnel injuries as a result of war action, Evacuation: Local authorities and Insurance THE SOLICITORS JOURNAL (London] 1940, Sept. 21, No. 38, Vol, 84, p, 541 There is no need for a local authority to insure against the risk of physical injury to a civil Defense Volunteer arising out' of his duties and no premium paid after Aug, 26, 1940; such insur- ance will be recognized as a charge to Evacuation account. Where such Insurance has been effected the insurance company should bo approached with a view to an adjustment of the premium paid. Government evacuation scheme; insurance personal injuries C c T vllians ) sehe mo, 194'd JUSTICE OP THE PEACE (London) 1940, Soptf 7, Vol, 104, p, 499 Legal aspects of evacuation scheme discussed with particular emphasis upon the local authorities responsibility in connection with personal in- juries sustained by civilians or employees in executing their tasks under the evacuation scheme. Personal injuries (Civilians) scheme THE SOLICITORS* JOURNAL (LondonT 1940 Aug, 31, Vol, 84, p, 506 Workers who arc permitted to continue work aftor * air raid- warning sounds do not forfeit claims to comnonsatlon under the schomo. Problems on emergency.legislation THE RAW'“JÜURNAL (Londony 1941, Feb. 15th Vol. xcl/ No. 3918 p-72 The following subjects are reviewed in this c . article; Compensation for personal injuries re- ceived by civilians in the performance of certain duties which they have volunteered to assume; sub- tenancy and partnership property adjustments. WAR RELIEF Aiding air raid victims JEWISH CM ONI G LE (London) 1940, Nov, 8, p, 5 Organization and equipment of emergency unit for wartime relief. Emergency Buildings for Evacuation MUNICIPAL JOURNAL "(London) ~~ 1940, July 12, No. 2476, Vol. 46, p. 921 Air attacks on Britain, and uncertain possibi- lities of invasion have raised acutely the quostion of providing temporary accommodation for those whoso homes arc damaged by bombs or other- wise rendered untenable. Emergency hospital scheme; artificial limbs and other surgical appliances, JltsYlCE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, July 20, Vol, 104, p. 403 Government to supply artificial limbs and other surgical appliances to civilians and civil defense workers injured by enemy action. Emergency rest and feeding centres, PUBLIC HEALTH (London] 1941, April, Vol, LIV, No. 7 p. Ill The public assistance 'department prepares homes for the unfortunate. Also a large number of vol- untary helpers on duty day and night giving their services. The rest centres are cleared as quick- ly as possible by billeting and rehousing so as to be in readiness for another raid. Pood for the bombed TOSWÄ-'’(ftö* YorV)' 1941, Feb. Ü4, Vol. 17, p. 34 Illus. "Plying squad" food convoys planned by British Pood Ministry, 328 Help for evacuees. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) Sheffield 1940, Nov. 1, No. 2492, p. 1391 In cooperation with the Minister of Health, The author has kept close watch on the charges which are demanded by way of rents from persons who’s homes have been destroyed by enemy action. Homeless persons discharged from hospital JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (LongeriT" 1941 March 1, Vol. 105, p. 121 The billeting of persons who are discharged from hospitals, and find their homes destroyed by bombs. Hostels 'JUSTICE OF TEE PEACE (London) 1941, lan. 4, Vol. 105, p. 8 The Government has set up a body known as the London Hostels Association, Ltd, Its purpose is to provide for persons made homeless through circumstances arising out of the war. India’s Sympathy for Air Raid Victims THE STATEMENT (India) 1940, Nov. 7, No. 880, p. 6 One thousand pounds sent to Athens as India's first contribution to air raid victims in Greece. Information centers JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1941, Feb. 15, Vol. 105, p. 96 Local authorities advised to make arrangements to give advice and assistance to persons who have suffered from, air raids. L.C.C. care for transferred population, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Nov. 3, No. 2440, Vol. 48, p. 2289 The London County Council is cooperating in many ways with the ’’Receiving Authorities” whose duty it is to provide for the welfare of evacuees. Medical supervision and attendance at emergency rest centres. JUSTICE' OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, Nov. 30, Vol. 104, p. 669 Plans of Ministry of Health for medical service at emergency rest centers for people made homelose by onoray attack. Nottingham’s rest centres, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRA- TOR (London) 1941, Jan. 17, Vol. 49, p. 82 A description of Nottingham’s rest centers provided for people dispossessed of their homes bee cans e of air r ai ds , Persons made homeless by enemy action JUSTICE OF"THE PEA.CE (Loncfon] 1941, Feb, 1, Vol, 105, p, 63 Information for homeless raid victims at rest centers; repair of houses; clothing; furniture; compensation for injuries; temporary need of money; lost articles. Reciprocal emergency housing arrangements. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMIN- ISTRATOR (London) 1941, Feb. 7, No. 2506, Vol. 49, p, 158 Experience of Manchester in heavy air raids shows importance of private individuals making their own reciprocal friendly emergency housing arrange- ments , Refugees from enemy action JUSTICE OF THE PEACE”TTondon) 1941, Fob, 15, Vol. 105, p. 97 Describes operation of rest centers. Relief for civilian victims of air attack. george Washington lan lEvHwTwTTsTi. d.c. ) Brown, M.A. 1940, Dec. Vol. 9. p. 172 Personal injuries Act prescribes payment of benefits to gainfully employed civilians or civil defense injured as a result of air attack. The relief of distress due to aerial bombardment. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (UondonT 1940, Sept. 21, Vol. 104, p. 525-27 Covers billeting of homeless, feeding and rest stations, financial assistance. 330 Relief of distress due to aerial bombardment 1941 Mar. 1, Vol. 105 p. 123 Covers emergency feeding and rest centers Relief of distress in time of war. JUSTICE“OP THE PEACET (LondonT ~ : 1939, Sept, 30, Vol. 103, p. 639 Each public assistance authority must still discharge its statutory duty to grant relief to the inhabitants of its area, in spite of war conditions, Repairing Damage in London (Nurses Heroism) THE OBSERVER (LondonT“ 1940 Aug. IB, No. 7786, p. 8 The work of Salvage and repair found very satis- factory. Nursing staff at first aid posts per- form heroic work; initiation of local relief funds, Women face the raids THE OBSERVER ("London) 1940, Aug, 25, No. 7787, p. 9 Physiological needs for sleep during periods of mental strain; formation of good Samaritan groups to provide for homeless women and children; parents’ effort to Isolate children from the war; the woman’s business of making the shelter more comfortable. WARDENS See also-PERSONNEI. The Air Raid. Defence -League, JUSTICE OP THE PEACE (London) ■ 1939 Aug. 12, No. 32, Vol. 103, p. 542 The latest bulletin of the :Alr Raid Defence League is entitled "The Warden Service". The Bulletin compares the British Warden Service with the German system of House Wardens: and urges individual instruction of householders by Wardens. The public is warned in the press, by wireless, by poster and leaflets to get advice from their Wardens. Air raid warden’s posts THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAlTTLondon) 193.9, March 3, Vol. 48, No, 2405, p. 493 Another question is that of warden’s posts. The 331 joint committee studies the memorandum which accompanies the Borough Councils’ letter. The necessity of decisions being given regarding agreements between owners and occupiers; protec- tive work and services; furniture and equipment. Control of Air raid Wardens MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London)'' 1939 Peb. 17, No. 2403, Vol. 48. p. 355 The placing of air raid Wardens under the control of chief constables is a question to be solved by local authorities. The duties of air raid wardens Handbook - 8A BRITISH LIBRARY OP INFORMATION, (New York) 1940 News from the civil defence front, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (LondorTW 1941, Nov. 1. Vol. 49, No. 2492, p. 1388 Summarises: Powers of air raid wardens, comfort for rural wardens, roof projections as incendi- ary bomb traps, employee replacement in the ARP and descriptions of air raid shelters. Paid ARP Services by Councillors Ä(mTÖ!lE TLondonJ 1939, June 9, No. 2419, Vol. 48, p. 1267 Comments on the position of members of Local Authorities who have already volunteered for full time service as Air Raid Wardens in the event hostilities break out. Where do air raid Warden’s duties begin, THE MUHICTm~JÜÜF{NALTl5ndon} 1939, Doc. 8, No. 2445, p. 2457, Vol.48 The interpretation of powers as between the ARP service and the police seems to depend on local practice and arrangement, and varies according to the extent to which the two bodies cooperate. See also-PERSONNEL WARNING SIGNALS Aircraft Warning Service Tests, United'States Coast Artillery Association, Wash. D.G, Dunham, William II. Major 1940, Dec. Vol. 83, No. 6, p. 530-536 Experiments conducted in aircraft warning service. The relative Importance of types of agencies available in different areas, testing rangers and GGO boys to render reports by means of forestry telephone system. Eow maps are sent to different areas. How railroad signals are flashed, etc. Air raids and lost time THE BUILDETTTLondonT"^““ 1939, Sept, 29, Vol. 157, No, 5043 , p, 504 A decision of the National Joint Council (Sept, 19, 1939) regarding time lost through air raid warnings or air raids. Seven main points with sub-divisions. Air-raid warning in rural districts ITS TOTTTCIPAL JOimiTAlTlLonToriT 1939, Dec. 15, Vol. 48, No. 2446 p, 2485. Although the Ministry of Home Security has issued a statement to the effect that air raid warnings would not be used in rural areas, an exception might be made in favor of those areas where the presence of military objectives might expose inhabitants to danger. Air raid Warnings TEE 30LICDfORS“TÖURNAL (London) 1940 Sept. 21, No. 38, Vol. 84, p. 542 A new system of air raid warnings, has been devised for industrial establishments, The system involves the continuance of work after the warning until a further signal is received. It is further pointed out that working after the siren will not affect the workers right to compensation for personal injury. Air raid warnings studies in Montreal MUNICIPAL'"REVräW OP CANADA (Lachut~Quebec) 1941, Peb. Vol. XXXVII, No. 2, p, 3 That now is the time to prepare suitable shelters for families in case of unfavorable eventualities is the recent warning of Deputy Barnes to the cit- izens, A system of warning planned. Results and tests made for a number of types of horns available for air raid warnings. Air raid warnings through cower cables TEE ~ 1941, Fob. 28, Vol, 49, No. 2509, p. 253.' Explanation of an electrical system for air raid r* rr ry ÓOO warnings. The system having been tried out seems to have all advantages of previously tried sys- tems, without any of the disadvantages. Highly recommended by the writer. An alarm bell THE' ENGINEER (London) 1939, May-June, Vol, 167, No,4353, p. 766, dlag, A new alarm bell operated by means of compressed air is now being made by nMonitor Patent Safety Devices, Ltd,, King's road". The arrangement not only makes the alarm particularly compact but also ensures protection of the mechanism. Alarm signals and the peculation VESTNTH PR 0 TIV 0 ZDUSHN01 OBORONY (Revue of Anti-aircraft Defense-Moscow) 1938, Vol, 12, pp, 42-43 Ho\«| to warn the civil population. Air attacks and the civil population. Alarm System and fire menace Tlffl SlSCTFflClAF (The ’HleofiTolan Ltd. London) 1940, Sept. 27, Vol. 125, No. 12, p. 163. A review of the aids to fire watchers in combating the Nazi's raiders' incendiary bombs, Diagrams showing layout of alarm system in a small factory are shown. Anti-aircraft "layouts” for the defense of vulner- able areas TSTnTlffil, OP THE ROYAL ARTILLERY (London) Shilstone, Col, W.R, 1939, July Vol. 66, No. 2 n. 184-204 A consideration of the problems involved in estab- lishing A A "layouts"; the warning system location of gun-section, searchlights, communications. Charts, tables, ARP signs TIM ELECTRICIAN,(The Electrician Ltd. London) 1940, Nov. 8, Vol. 125, No. 19 A pictorial description of a particular type of shelter sign "for the benefit of persons caught in the darkness by air raids. Also a description of the G, E.C. W arning 1i ght", ARP Warden's Warning Signals THE ElecTRIG IAN (The Electrician Ltd., London) 1940, Sept. 6, Vol. 125, No. 10. lip. A general review of the different systems in 334 Operation in England during air raids and a specific description of the ARP Warden’s warning signals, such as the signals for calling fire and ambulance services, police and other ARP workers. Better than bomb shelters libertyWO . s. aTJ 1941 Feb. 22, p. 59, Ulus. Peck, George Description of U,S, Civilian aircraft warning service, Civil Aerial Protection Roakoten/ RicBard Indus trie-Ver1ag und Druckere1 1932, pp. !54 Air Warnings; air raid shelter precautions against gas bombing; smoke screens, black-outs; organized masses. Civil defense and the nrotection of factories THE INDIAN AND EASTERN" ENGINEER Trollip, A.S, 5 Mission Row, Calcutta, India 1940 June, Vol. 86, No. 6 p, 629 A discussion concerning the various rules and regulations such as 11 fire fighting and fire watching” causes of fire, rescue of trapped' persons, protection from the effects of gas, decontamination of materials etc. Detecting incendiary bombs THE ELECTRICAL REVIS’7 (London) 1941, Peb. 28, Vol. CXXVIII, No. 3301, p. 412 Impact of an incendiary bomb can be detected, as in one example by a hemp net held under the roof on springs. Detectors Indicating light or fire can often be made to operate fire extinguishing dev ic e s as we11 as si gna1s. Detecting incendiary bombs on roofs XMdIA-RUBBER JOURNAL (LondonT 1940, Oct. 5, Vol, C. No. 14 Discussion of a new device originated by the St, Dunstan’s Stores at Ragland St. London, for the ready detection of the fall of incendiary bombs or other bombs on the upper storys while they have been evacuated by the usual staff during a raid. 335 High-speed fire alarm for detecting incendiary bombs THE ENGINEER (London) 1941, April 4, Vol. CLXXI, No. 4447, p. 225 diagrams, illustrations The use of an automatic warning system will prevent serious fires caused by incendiary bombs if the alarm is given almost immediately after the bomb has ignited. The efficacy of any fire detecting apparatus for incendiary bombs is directly proportional to its speed of response. Complete description of the three types of automa- tic fire detection, London Wardens 1 Whistles. THE OBSERVlRTEohdon) 1940 Nov. 24, No. 7800, p. 10 Regulations for'local alarm/and immediate danger signals, New Air raid warning system TEE OBSERVER 1940 Dec. 22, No, 7804, 150th year, p. 9 The Brighton and Hove Chamber of Commerce has organized a system of localized air-raid warn- ings yet attempted. The service is based on the same official information which supplies the public ualert?? but is an additional local safe- guard, a double check of special value to busi- ness houses and employers. Northern California Aircraft warning services COAST ARfmiRY J0URNÄ17'f D.C. ) Hickey, D.W. 1940, March-April, Vol. 83, No. 2, p. 155-159 How a great aircraft warning system was brought" together. How the tests were made and accepted, and what was learned from same. Operating during air raids, PASSEITEER TRANSPORT JUWML (London) 1940, Sept. 20, Vol. S3, No. 2093, p, 112 Working after the siren clearly Involves risks, but all engaged on vital production are front line troops. To keep down the risks involved it is essential (1) that watchers should be posted on roofs or other vantage points to give warning of danger (2) that protection should be provided at or near the actual work daces. 336 Panama air defense THE RESERVE OPEICER (Washington, D.G.) 1940, Feb. Vol. XVII, No, 2, p. 14 Steps to tighten the defense of the Panama Canal by setting up an air defense warning network reaching into the Interior of Panama, are under way in the War Department. War time fire alarm systems TEXTILE hlANUFACTURSR Manchester, England 1940, Nov, Vol. 67, No. 790, p. 435, A review of the different systems in vogue and rules governing them. Attention is directed to ARP booklets upon this subject as well as im- portant Instructions to be obtained from Home Guard Officers. When the raid warning goes BUSINESS TLondonT ■ 1940, June Vol. LXX, No. S p. 20 Special emphasis must be given this point. Any employee who is away from his department when the warning signal is given must not attempt to re- turn to the department. WATER ' SYSTEMS Air Raid precautions and water supply, abstract. Bonham-Carter, J.M, and Bird, A.S.G. 1938, Nov. 25, p. 625. Drinking water most vital ARP need BUSINESS TLondonT 1940, June Vol. LXX, p. 28 nA remedy given to meet this most vital yet most vulnerable of all ARP needs12. Effects of Bomb Graters on Water purity. TEE MUNICIPAL' JOWlTÄL 1941, Mar. 7, Vol. 49, No. 2510, p. 301 A discussion of water pollution due to bomb cra- ters, suggest that in hilly districts a bomb crater may be at sufficient elevation to allow sewage or polluted water to flow out to water mains and finally to outer domestic premises. 337 The Metropolitisn Water Board in War-time MUNICIPAL JOURNAL TTóndonJ 1940, Oct. 18, No. 2490, Vol. 4-9, p. 1323 A discussion of the water supply of London, the water supply is on a secure foundation, even the aerial bombardment has not fully tested the water board’s rescources end planning; London assured of abundant water supply. Public Water Supply in the Civil Defense Program JOURNAL, AMERICAN WATEROTKSVSSOCIAtflOf (New York) 1941, Vol. 33, No. 1, p, 121-137 Problems in planning proper plant and facilities to insure minimum of interruption of water service; cut off waste in damaged areas• providing additional supply for fire fighting. Appendix, ordinance, Los Angeles City & County. Water supply and Drainage in Evacuation areas nHCEłnLŚHSoiii 1— 1939 March 4, Vol. I, No IX, No. 602?, Vol. 236, p, 554 In the evacuation, arrangements steps will be taken to avoid areas where insuperable difficulties are likely to arise on account of water supply drain- age, is the answer given to the question asked by Colonel Heneage of the Ministry of Health WATER SYSTEMS-EMERGENCY SUPPLY Drinking water most vital ARP need BUSINESS (London") 1940, June, Vol. LXX, p. 28 Memorandum on emergency water supplies for fire fighting GREAT BRITAIN HOME OFFICE (Fire Brigade Division) London, 1939 Concerned with measures within the scope of air raid fire precaution schemes, especially the pro- vision of additional water supplies over and above those ordinarily available in the mains. Military Water Purification Plant THE ENGINEER (London) 1941, Apr. Vol. CLXXI, No. 4447, p. 233 A portable plant for the pumping and purification 338 of water supplying troops- in the field devised by American Engineers, Plant capable of furnishing 110,000 gallons of water within a few hours. Organization of anti-aerial defense of water VESTNIK PROTIVOZDUSHN01 0B0R0NY (Review of anti- aerial defense) (Moscow) Shustcv, A. 1931, No. 3, pp. 54—55 Relay pumping for Emergency Water Supplies municipal"journal and local government ADMINISTRATION (London) 1939, July 14, Vol. 48 No. 2424, p. 1624- Chief Officer J. Caceres (Hounslow) states that the problem of water supplies in case of emergency is being dealt with by survey of static supplies and the adoption of relay unit pumping. Water Supely in Peace and Emergency, ■Journal of the royal sanitary institute 1939, July, Vol. 60, No. 1, p, 25-36 Problems of water supply during periods of a drought: protection of pumping stations; emergency supplies required to take care of refugee, populations; protection of personnel by under- ground and portable steel shelter; temporary for areas cut off from a proper supply. WATER SYSTEMS-PROTECTIVE MEASURES Abstracts of water works literature JOURNAL OF THE OTSRICAN WATER FORKS ASSOCIATION 1941, Jan. Vol. 33, No. 1, p. 171-176 Abstracts on preparedness in water supply for defense. Sabotage: ARP and water undertaking; water supply for the army. Water supply and sewage disposal for airports. Italian water power scheme ELECTRIAL REVIEW (London)” 1939, May 26, p. 759 Santa Lucia plant completely underground for protoc 11on against air raids. London water supply precautions. THE MUNICIPAL ' JOURNAL (London)' 1941, Feb. 28, Vol. 49, No. 2509, p, 264 The necessity for safeguarding the water supply 339 of London; the installation of valves to stop flow through water mains in case'of break by air raids; the establishment of altcrnhtb pumping stations and pumping routes. On the protection of water supplies VESTNIK H1ÖTP7CZDÜSHN0I OBOROWY Tie view of anti- aircraft defense) 1937, Moscow, Zaitzer, S,No. 7, ?,;. 20-24 Protection of water supplies in large and small cities. Public water supply in the civil defense program JOURNAL AMERICAN WATERWORKS ASSOCIATION, (New York) Jordan, Harry E. 1941, Vol. 33, No. 1 p. 121-137 Problems in planning proper plant end facilities to insure minimum of interruption of water service; cut off weste in damaged areas; providing additional sup,ly for fire fighting. Appendix, ordinance, Los Angeles City & County, Purity of wator supplies JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, Oct. 19, Vol. 104, p. 582 Measures for dealing with possible pollution of water sups' y due to damaged mains, Water supplies and air-attacks VESTNIK PPUTIVOEDUSHNOT 0B0R0NY (Moscow) G. Trousov. 1934, Vol. 11, pp. 48-51, Illustrations. Water-Supplies and air-raids WESTFIK PROTIVCVOZDÜSOT1 0BOROWY (Moscow) 1938, Jan. pp. 59-60 (Berezin) WATER-SYSTEMS-REPAIR Damage to water mains in air raids MUNICIPAL JOURNAL & PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEER (London) 1939, April, 14, No. 2411, Vpl. 48, p. 835 Emergency repair system onvolved by Glenfiold and Kennedy Ltd., of Kilmarnock. Emergency connections for fractured mains GAS JOURNAL TTHKon) 1939, April, 5, Vol. 22o, p. 48, Illustrations. Suggestions for repairing meins damaged by bombings. 340 Emergency pipe repairs JOURNAL THE INST. OF NUN- A. CO. ENGINEERS (London) 1941, Feb. 4, Vol. 67, No. 9 On closing pine Lines. Bott, H. GlS JOURNALTLóndonT“ 1939, April 12, Vol. 226, p. 98, Illustrations Presentation of an invention designed to auto- matically close any gas, steam or fluid main from a distance. YOUTH-WELFARE Books for evo.cue.t0d children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 23, No. 1273, p. 379 Providing reeding matter to children in evacuated areas . contribution of the Library Association. Britain's Mtough guys" find energy outlet in youth service corps NEWS CHRONICLE (London) 19U, March 13, No. 29, 594, p. 5 Article on service of youths who heretofore had too much time on hand and did not have proper recreation facilities. British youth in wartime THE ENGLISH SPEAKING WORLD (London) 1941, April, Vol, 23, No. 4, p, 11 A story of the high morale of British youth under war conditions and the constant struggle to main- tain it. Outlines all services by youth connected with civil defence. Broadcasting to schools T3$ES EDlJCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 23, No. 1273, p. 380 Educational programme for a British school of the air. Carrying on in war TttóS EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 23, No. 1273, p. 381 Evening schools and educational aims and objectives. The problems of educating youths ages of 1A to 16,and the war emergencies. Dealing with young offenders TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1941, May 3, No. 1357, p. 205 Some regulations designed to control juvenile delinquency, offered by a-women’s organization. Evening schools may reopen TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 23, No. 1273, p. 381 Regulations and suggestions for opening and operating clubs and schools for boys and girls in evacuated areas. Indian students in Britain TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1941, May 3, No. 1357, p. 204 Some problems of the foreign student stranded in a country at war. Inspecting dirty children TIMES EDUCA-TTMAL (London) 1939, Sept. 30, No. 1274, p. 388 Steps taken to maintain high standards of personal hygiene in the schools. Looking after the young TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 16, No. 1272, p. 37 Supervising the welfare of boys and girls between 14 and 18 years during the war emergency. An observer at the B.B.C. TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Oct. 7, No. 1275, p. 393-4 Study of the organization of school broadcasting. Part IX On the wireless TIKES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 23, No. 1273, P. 381 Programme for "school of the air". Planning school broadcast TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, Sept. 30, No, 1274, P. 387 The organization and policy of school broadcasting. 342 Youths physical training THE TIMES (London] 1940, Aug. 28, No. 5,520, p. 11 nNew Directorate to secure further development of physical training for Youths of age group 14 to lGu. The new organization to work in close association with war office and Board of Education. Best methods for appealing to young persons employed. Youth welfare in wartime TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1959,' Oct. No. 1275, p. 596 Organization of a committee to advise the govern- ment on problems of juvenile welfare during war time. The welfare of youth TIMES SDTJÜATICNAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1940, Oct. 14, No. 1476, p, 406 Reorganization of youth welfare work made necessary by war emergency. ZOOS, PROTECTION OF ARP for snakes and lions TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1959, Sept. 2, No. 1270, p.4 Measures adopted In a zoo for the protection of animals and visitors. Zoo animals in air raids THE OBSERVER fLonclcn"J 1940, Dec. 1, No. 7801, p. 8 Anti-aircraft guns and bombs produce little change i n animals• description of the c ame1 under fi re, 343