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      wish  has been expressed by many friends  of  Dr. W. B. Goldsmith to
have the different articles in  regard to him and his work, published in papers
and medical journals, gathered together in a form convenient for preservation.
This seemed especially desirable, from the fact that the medical journals have
a circulation only among members of that profession.  This little volume is
an  effort to comply with that wish.  A few tributes from  friends have been
added to the  articles previously published.  As  the papers were  all written
without reference to each other,  and the later  ones have quotations from
those written  immediately after he  passed away from us,  which  in some
instances could not be omitted without rewriting, there will be found some
repetitions.  These we think  the friends of Dr. Goldsmith will excuse, and to
them this little volume is dedicated by his mother and sister.

Clifton Springs, New York,
     September 1st, 1888. 
f uMisltM ^Hmcanuh. 
 
Wiillmm §. (SoXasmifh, ||fc. g.
        [From the American Journal of Insanity for April, 1888.]

   Dr. Goldsmith was born in Bellona, Yates county, N. T., January
 11, 1854.   His  education was received at the  Canandaigua
 Academy,  and at Amherst College.  Graduating from Amherst
 in 1874 he began at once  the study of medicine under the guid-
 ance of Dr. John B. Chapin, at that  time superintendent of the
 Willard Asylum for the Chronic Insane.  Spending nearly a  year
 at this  asylum  he became  deeply interested  in the  subject  of
 insanity, and pursued his medical studies with the object of ulti-
 mately  connecting himself with some institution devoted to the
 care of  the insane.  He was graduated with high honor from the —
 College of Physicians and Surgeons of New  York, in 1877, and
 entered upon a  hospital career at the  Presbyterian Hospital,
 which was interrupted by  his appointment as junior assistant at
 the Bloomingdale  Asylum, in  May, 1877.  In  the fall of 1879  he
 resigned this position and  went to Great Britain, where he spent
 four months as a voluntary assistant to Dr. Clouston in Edinburgh,
 six months in the same capacity with Dr. Major  at the West
 Riding  Asylum, and two  months in  the prosecution  of  special
 studies  in London with  Hughlings-Jackson  and  others.    In
 September,  1880,   he  was appointed  senior  assistant  at  the
 Bloomingdale  Asylum, and  immediately returned to America to
 accept the  position.  In March,  1881, he was  appointed superin-
 tendent of  the Danvers Lunatic Hospital.  In 1883-4 he passed a
 second  year  in  Europe, studying with Westphal, Krafft-Ebing
 and others, and visiting the principal hospitals of Germany, Bel-
 gium and  France.  His  superintendency of the Butler Hospital
began in February, 1886.
  To the Danvers  Lunatic Hospital Dr. Goldsmith brought, at a
 somewhat critical period, a ripe experience of hospital work, and a
capacity for  organization that speedily made themselves  felt in
every department, and he had at length the satisfaction of seeing
the hospital firmly established in the public  favor, and of organ- 
6
E*  MEMORIAM.
izing  certain  features  of  management which have  materially
influenced the subsequent treatment  of insanity in Xew England.
His removal to Providence was to the great and sincere regret  of
the trustees and officers of  the Danvers Hospital, and was every-
where regarded as a serious loss to  the public service of  Massa-
chusetts.  Success attended him at the Butler Hospital, where his
untimely death is  deeply deplored.   In every department of his
specialty he  was  equally  accomplished.   Of  deep convictions,
conservative yet fearlessly progressive in his opinions, and with a
rarely well-balanced judgment he seemed destined to exert  a wide
and lasting influence upon American  psychiatry.
  As an expert in insanity he was held in just esteem.  A former
Attorney-General of Massachusetts, now a Judge of the Superior
Court, remarked to the  writer shortly after an important capital
trial which he had prosecuted, and in  which Dr. Goldsmith had
been the principal medical witness  for  the defense: "Dr. Gold-
smith is  an  ideal expert witness.  His opinions are unbiased and
deliberate, his knowledge is extensive and accurate, and his honesty
and sincerity of character are so impressed upon all who hear him
that his testimony is almost irresistible in its weight."
  Notwithstanding the  pressure of  official  duty, Dr.  Goldsmith
always maintained an  active  interest  in  general  medicine,  and
constantly sought to  impress  the importance of  cultivating a
medical spirit  upon his staff.  He was a member of the Association
of Medical  Superintendents  of  American  Institutions for the
Insane, of the Xew England Psychological Association, of the
Boston Medico-Psychological  Society,  and  of the  Rhode  Island
State Medical Society.   To these societies he made  frequent  con-
tributions,  his last having been a  paper  upon the opium  and
cocaine habits, which was read before the Boston  Medico-Psycho-
logical Society in February last.
  Although exhibiting a manner somewhat reserved and retiring,
his social qualities were of  a very high order.   The soul of honor,
generous in all his feelings, with an exquisite sense of propriety
that never deserted him, and with an almost chivalrous considera-
tion for others at all times, he  was, wherever known, a  favorite.
The  faculty  of making friends he possessed in  a remarkable
degree, and all with whom  he had once become intimate cherished
an affectionate regard for him and an interest in his work which
time and distance never seemed  to diminish.  As the chief officer
of an asylum he maintained  an easy dignity and  a courtesy  of
bearing toward his subordinates which  inspired obedience, loyalty 
WILLIAM B.  GOLDSMITH,  M. D.             7
and respect.  Devoted to his duty, sparing himself no burden of
responsibility that belonged to his position, he created throughout
an institution the feeling that in the performance of the best work
within  his power,  lay the  secret  of  success for each.  By his
patients he was greatly beloved, and many a heart whose burden
he has  helped  to lighten now  shares the common sorrow at his
death.
  Taken from his field of labor  at an age when most men  have
but  fairly  entered upon  a  career,  so  extensive had been his
acquirements, and  so faithfully had he discharged his duty  that,
though his death at the full tide of strength and endeavor, blights
many a brilliant prophecy,  it  bequeaths the  history of a life
singularly well rounded  and  complete,  not  the least  value  of
which is that in an age  of activities too often selfish, and without
scruple it conclusively  demonstrates that the  highest personal
success may be attained solely through the possession of great
abilities wisely and nobly employed.
  Danvers, Mass.                             W. A. Gorton, M. D.
             [From Boston Medical and Surgical Journal.]

   Dr.  William B.  Goldsmith died of  pneumonia at the Butler
Hospital, in Providence, on the 21st inst., aged thirty-four.  He
had not been quite well since a professional visit to  Xew Orleans,
where he had a febrile  attack last summer, and several times of
late he had spoken of feeling  ill.  Although the  initial chill was
on the 14th, he kept about, supposing that he had taken a severe
cold, until the 17th.  After that he grew rapidly worse, the dusky
color of the skin, the weak action of a heart, which had long caused
him some uneasiness, and the rapid increase in the difficulty of respi-
ration  showing clearly to him quite soon  that the " chances  were
against him."   Although wishing to live,  he regarded his death
with a calmness and courage which one might well envy him, and
made every preparation  for it to the  least detail, remembering
each and all of his friends with that kind thoughtfuluess of others,
which, well or ill, he never forgot.
   At school, in college at Amherst, at the Medical School in  Xew
York, he was faithful, shy and reserved.  After a short service as
hospital interne he was appointed junior assistant at the Bloom-
ingdale Asylum, where  he afterwards  became  senior, under Dr. 
8
LN  MEMORIAM.
Chas. H. Nichols, having previously been with Dr. Chapin at the
Willard  Asylum.   He was also, after his  experience in two
asylums in this country, a volunteer assistant  of Dr. Clouston, in
Edinburgh, and in the West Riding Asylum, as it was splendidly
organized by Crichton Browne, and later he temporarily left his
duties as superintendent  to study a  year with Westphal and
Krafft-Ebing and others in Europe.  A better  training one could
scarcely have.   Dr.  Chapin had few equals in the management of
asylums.  Dr.  Nichols held  the first rank in the observation and
analysis of mental phenomena, and Dr. Clouston had no  superior
in the clinical study and treatment of the insane.
  That Dr. Goldsmith  made the  best use of his opportunities is
attested by his valuable work as physician and superintendent of
the Danvers Asylum, where he was appointed at the age of twenty-
seven, and of the Butler Hospital, where he succeeded the late Dr.
Sawyer two years ago.   It is not too high praise  to say that no
man in this country is doing better work in mental disease than he
did, that the treatment of the insane has become more liberal and
progressive throughout New England for what  he has accom-
plished, and that no one could  look forward more  confidently to
the first position in his specialty in this country.
  Personally, Dr. Goldsmith was a gentleman in the highest and
best sense of that much-abused word.   No one who knew him
well can  ever forget, back  of  his formal,  shy and  sensitive
exterior, that rare courtesy and  considerate  kindness which  never
failed him.  He was honest throughout, both morally, and, which
is more difficult, intellectually.   In his standards for the  conduct
of life, and in his daily action upon them he  did  not disappoint
his most critical friends.
' Boston, Mass.
Chas. F. Fulsom,  M. D. 
WILLIAM B. GOLDSMITH,  M. D.              9
       [From the American Journal of Insanity for October, 1888.]

  Among  Dr.  Goldsmith's  paternal  ancestors  were  several
clergymen.  His father after graduating in arts and letters, with the
first honors of his class, from the University of the City of New
York, and in theology from the Union Theological Seminary in the
same city, spent forty-three years  in  the ministry.  His second,
last and eminently successful pastorate which was  closed by his
death, was  of  thirty-six years' duration.   An obituary  article
which  appeared in a public  journal soon after his  death and has
the marks of disinterestedness and ability, says that,  "possessing
a judicial mind, his counsel was often sought and the wisdom of
his advice was constantly recognized by his brethren.  He was a
man of very positive opinions, but had no conflict with those who
thought  differently.   He was careful  not to wound  the feelings
of any."
  Dr. Goldsmith's mother, born McCrea, was in the paternal line
of Scotch descent.  Her great grandfather, Rev. Jas. McCrea, was
for many years " an able and successful minister" in the Colony of
New Jersey.  One of the sons of  the latter  was a Colonel in the
Colonial Army, two others entered  the British Army, one of whom
rose to the rank of Major General, and his youngest daughter was the
beautiful Jane McCrea, whose murder by an Indian  Chief at Fort
Edward on the Hudson, in the summer of  1777, will ever excite
emotions of distress  and pity in the heart of every reader  of the
sad story of her tragic fate.   Mrs. Goldsmith's  father was at the
time of his death in 1830 a member of  the Assembly of the State
of New York.
  The subject of this  memoir was born in Bellona, Yates County,
N.  Y., January 11,  1854.  As far as I have learned the most
distinguished traits of his childhood were, using the language of
my informant, " a strong will and a disposition  to believe nothing
because others did, but to investigate for himself.   When once he
had decided that a thing was right and true, however, he accepted
it heartily and without reserve.   He also had great calmness and
power to control  others which made him a leader even among
those older than himself."
  The  common school of the village and home instruction, includ-
ing his father's library, were his only educational advantages until
at the age of fourteen he entered  the  Boys' Academy in  Canan-
daigua where he fitted for college  under  the care of  Prof. Noah 
10                     IN  MEMORIAM.
T. Clark, long the able and efficient principal of that institution.
In an obituary notice of Dr. Goldsmith contributed by Prof. Clark
to a local  paper he says:  "An incident  in the early life of Dr.
Goldsmith, occurring  while  he was  a  student  in  our  academy,
revealed the secret of the great  power which  was so abundantly
manifest in his subsequent life.   The incident did not come to my
knowledge until he had entered  upon his  professional work."   It
seems there was among the students a fiery young man who  when
angered, as he often was, became a terror to all  about him and  so
furious  as to threaten  the lives  of those  who had offended him.
" On one  such  occasion Goldsmith  went into  the  hall and found
the students fastening themselves  into  their rooms to  protect
themselves from his violence.   He walked quietly through the
hall, and  meeting  the angry man, put his strong  hand  gently  on
his shoulder and said in a soft, commanding tone,' sit down on my
knee until you get over this  passion,' and his murderous, violent
spirit was at once  subdued and he sat there as  in the spell of a
mighty unseen  power.  It was this power, strong, magnetic and
gentle   *  *  *  that gave to Dr. Goldsmith his great success  in
his treatment of the insane."
   While at the Canandaigua Academy young Goldsmith frequently
called  at  Brigham Hall to inquire after a patient in whom  his
mother was interested and in this way came  under the notice  of
Dr. John  B. Chapin, then one of the physicians of that institution,
who writes that " he  was as a boy reserved, manly, shy and had
an honest, earnest face" and that he, Dr. C, " came to feel  an
attachment for him then."
   At the  age of sixteen  he entered Amherst College from which
he graduated  in  1874 at the  age  of twenty.   He pursued the
regular course  of  study, but  gave  some special  attention  to
-chemistry.  The Hon. Julius H. Seelye, president of the college,
writes of  his characteristics  during his college  life, that he was
u quiet and somewhat retiring, but genuine and  strong,  doing his
work with  steady fidelity, but without  self-assertion; a sincere
man rather than an evidently brilliant one, he left upon the college
a profounder impression of  his moral  earnestness than of   his
intellectual force.  But, as I have often noted in other  cases, this
was the  basis  of a  very successful career,  with already large
results, though so brief.  His life in his profession, though it could
not have been predicted by his college associates, could  hardly  be
a surprise to those most intimate with him."
   As his college course drew towards its close  it is  evident that 
WILLIAM B. GOLDSMITH,  M. D.             11
Mr.  Goldsmith  began to seriously  consider what  his  life work
should be, and it is altogether probable that his  accidental visits
to Brigham Hall and acquaintance with Dr. Chapin while he was
fitting for college, made a deeper impression upon his thoughtful
mind than was apparent to others, and led to his entering upon the
study of medicine with a view to the career of a mental alienist,
for in  the  course  of the vacation between  his junior and senior
years,  accompanied by  his father he sought the opinion  of Dr.
Chapin,  then at the head  of the  Willard Asylum,  as  to the
probability of his  success in such a career.  Having the warrant,
as he without doubt properly regarded it, of Dr. Chapin's favorable
opinion upon this important point, in the  autumn  of  1874 after
graduating from Amherst, he entered  the Willard  Asylum as a
medical student and dispensing clerk, where  he remained until the
fall of 1875,  when he matriculated  in the College  of Physicians
and Surgeons of New York.   He also spent  at  Willard the
interval between the two courses of lectures he attended,  and  in
the spring of 1877 he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine
for which he  passed a most satisfactory examination.  During his
course of study for his medical degree  he exhibited, as one of the
professors  of the  college has  informed me, the same  diligence,
fidelity and quiet, moral earnestness that had characterized  him  at
Amherst, but  it was  in the course of nature that with more
maturity and study his mind  had developed increased power, and
the faculty of medicine appears to have been more impressed with
his intellectual force than the faculty of  arts and letters.
   After spending a few  weeks  as an interne of the  Presbyterian
Hospital of New York, Dr. Goldsmith on the 1st of May, upon the
special recommendation of E. C. Seguin, M. D., then Professor  of
Neurological and Mental Diseases in the College of Physicians and
Surgeons, received the appointment  of second assistant physician
of  the Bloomingdale  Asylum.  When  I took  charge of  that
institution on the 7th of July, 1877,1 found him in that position
and  began his  personal acquaintance.   1 also found that he had
already begun a diligent, systematic study of the cases then under
care and of  others as they came in, with respect  both to their
nature and treatment, and to  the form of disease  which each case
illustrated, by which  he rapidly gained  both  a  theoretical and
practical knowledge of mental  disorders.   When he finally left
Bloomingdale early in 1881 his knowledge of the English literature
of insanity and  of the  practical value of the views of different
authors was  very extensive  and  thorough.   He did not however 
12                     IN  MEMORIAM.
neglect his patients for study, but in making his acquisitions in the
literature of his  profession he was  evidently stimulated to verify
and apply what  he read  to his practical  duty—the comfort and
relief of the sick.
  By the  marked  quietude and composure,  the  diligence  and
fidelity, the ability and sound judgment and the care and complete-
ness with which he discharged every duty, he soon won my entire
confidence  and very high personal regard.   I do not recollect that
he ever pleaded lack of time or strength to discharge any regular
or special  duty expected of him, or that he ever  neglected the
thorough, painstaking performance of  all his duties according to
his instructions and to the best of his knowledge and ability.  His
sympathy for patients on account of the sufferings and privations
of their sickness and his consideration for their feelings were quick
and unfailing  and always delicately and unobtrusively manifested.
It followed that he was never stung by their abusive and  often
plausible accusations, nor led into the use of harsh, much less
resentful, expressions respecting them or their conduct, in or out of
their hearing.   On the other hand, the respect with which  his kind-
ness and simple, manly dignity  inspired them, evidently  went  far
to restrain many patients—particularly women—from the indelicate
exhibitions of the animal nature to whose  powers  the loss of
reason often relegates our composite humanity.
  Not long after I took charge of Bloomingdale he—an ambitious
young man without fortune and enjoying his first remunerative
employment—one  day, most unexpectedly to me, handed me  his
resignation, saying that he thought  that every superintendent
should have  the  opportunity of  nominating  his own assistants.
In returning it to him, I thanked him for  the opportunity he had
afforded  me  of gladly retaining him  as  my own nominee in the
position he occupied.  As far as I ever  knew, this act, manifestly
proper under all similar  circumstances, was not  suggested to  his
mind by any example with which he was  acquainted  nor by any
friend or authority, but was prompted by that just sense of the
proprieties  of every situation, with which he was  so remarkably
gifted.
  With the conviction that his usefulness in the  sphere of the
profession which he had chosen might be  enhanced by observing
the arrangements and methods pursued abroad in the treatment of
the insane,  Dr. Goldsmith resigned  his  position at  Bloomingdale
in August,  1879, and in September sailed  for England, where he
first spent about six months as a volunteer assistant  to Dr. Major, 
WILLIAM B.  GOLDSMITH,  M. D.            13
of the West Riding Asylum in Yorkshire, then spent a few weeks
in study—mostly in  London—and in travel, and  finally held a
volunteer position  on the staff of Dr. Clouston, of  the  Royal
Edinburgh Asylum,  when, a  vacancy in that  position having
occurred, he was  invited to return to Bloomingdale  to  take  the
place of first assistant physician.  He accepted the position and,
returning at once from abroad, entered upon its duties on the 15th
of  September, 1880; and in  his second period of  service  at
Bloomingdale he displayed all the high  qualities that  had  so
eminently characterized him during his first connection with the
institution, with the added ability in his work which came from a
broader culture in its duties, and without  in  the  slightest degree
vaunting the high value at which both Dr. Major and Dr. Clouston
had estimated his services or  the  rare  and unusual  personal
attentions he had enjoyed while away.
   A vacancy having occurred in the office of Medical Superin-
tendent of  the Massachusetts State Hospital  for  the Insane at
Danvers, Dr. Goldsmith  was  appointed  to  it upon  the  strong
recommendation  of his medical and  other  friends both in this
country and  Great Britain.  He was then  barely twenty-seven
years of age and had been a doctor of medicine two  months  less
than four years, but without either shrinking from responsibility
or offensive assertion  of authority, with a calm, judicial mind  and
persistent purpose, his mastery of the medical and  administrative
affairs of that great establishment was soon complete.   The people
of Massachusetts had been much dissatisfied with the position and
the excessive  cost, as they considered, of the Hospital at  Danvers,
and with absurd  spite at what they could not help, had transferred
their dissatisfaction to  its administration  under  authorities that
were in no way responsible for what they and the public, alike but
in different degrees,  condemned.  This blind  condemnation  had
become somewhat exhausted when Dr. Goldsmith took charge of
the institution, but having the confidence  and support  of the able
Board of Trustees that appointed him and  were close observers
as well as co-workers in its able and prudent management, those of
the public authorities and people of the  State followed and its
popularity soon became equal to the former  prejudice against it.
It is perhaps due to the people of Massachussetts that it should
here  be  said that they  appear  to  fairly appreciate  their great
indebtedness to Dr. Goldsmith for his agency in creating a  favor-
able  sentiment on their  part towards this  hospital, no part of
whose  cost can  be returned  into the treasury in money.   Such 
14
IIST  MEMORIAM.
 beneficent use  as is  now made of it is the only mode of recover-
 ing the great outlay for its establishment.
   While abroad in  1879-80 Dr. Goldsmith  spent his whole  time
 in Great Britain.  Thirsting for further knowledge which he could
 not acquire while occupied with  the details of a large and very
 active hospital service, when he had been in charge of the Danvers
 Hospital for  about two and one-half  years, believing  that he had
 fairly established his administrative  capacity and that the institu-
 tion was then in such a favorable condition both as to its reputation
 and actual working that he could leave it  with honor, he resigned
 its superintendence  with  the  view of visiting  the continent  of
 Europe for  both literary and  professional  study.   The trustees,
 however, invited  him to withdraw his resignation  and  accept  a
 year's leave of absence, which he did.  He spent  the year in the
 study of the German and French  languages, the examination  of
 institutions  for the insane  and in  professional  study under
 Westphal,  Krafft-Ebing, Charcot and others.
   Returning  from abroad in July, 1884, Dr. Goldsmith resumed
 the charge of the Danvers Hospital and continued to superintend
 it with the increasing ability and  usefulness  that  in  every calling
 will follow the faithful  applications  of  the  lessons  of study and
 experience, till he entered upon the duties  of  Superintendent of
 the Butler  Hospital for the Insane, to which  he had  been elected
 by the trustees of that institution to fill the vacancy created by
 the lamented death  a short time before of  their former superin-
 tendent, Dr. John W. Sawyer.   The manner in which he acquitted
 himself as  the  successor of the illustrious Ray  and the sound,
 devoted and  laborious Sawyer, is best  attested by the eminent
 trustees of that institution, who in  a warm but discriminating
 memorial minute adopted by them  and entered upon their records,
 pay him the  high tribute of saying that " He entered upon his
 duties here on the first day of February, 1886, and at the time of
 his death  had  discharged them with rare professional skill, with
 unremitting assiduity and with singular success, for  the  period of
 two years and  nearly two months.  In  this brief period he has
 left  upon  the  administration  and interests of  the hospital the
 impress of  thorough and varied professional  knowledge, of sound
judgment, of great humanity and  tenderness and of the highest
 qualities of educated manhood."
  In an obituary notice of Dr. Goldsmith  in  the Boston Medical
 and Surgical Journal, the remark is made that " He had not been
 quite well since a professional visit to New Orleans, where he had 
WILLIAM B. GOLDSMITH,  M. D.             15
 a febrile attack last  autumn, and  several times of late he had
 spoken of feeling ill," but the writer was most unprepared for his
 fatal illness, having  met him only three weeks  before  his death
 when he appeared  to be in higher health and spirits than usual,
 and expressed himself to that effect.  Having for several days had
 what he regarded as an ordinary cold he on Wednesday, the  14th
 of March, took a long ride in the saddle (his favorite exercise,) and
 on his return  complained  of feeling more ill than he  had  done
 before.   He however  fulfilled a social engagement that evening.
 On the morning of the 15th he drove out for  a short distance  on a
 business errand.  On Friday afternoon his physician  visited him
 for the first time and informed him that he had pneumonia, when
 he remarked " one thing is against me, I have a  bad heart."  The
 disease  appears to have been severe  and attended  with much
 pleuritic pain,  but not to have been pronounced hopeless, when on
 the morning of the  20th, after himself looking over the nurse's
 night report he sent for his sister and telling  her he "thought the
 crisis had come," and adding that he " hoped to get well, but  that
 there was  doubt" whether  he should do  so, he began, with the
 very sublimity of  deliberate calmness and courage, to make his
 preparations for death, and in those  last fleeting hours  of life, in
 great weakness and pain, sent kind and appropriate messages  to
 his particular friends, indicated the disposition he wished made of
 his effects and  gave directions for his funeral, which by his express
 desire was conducted with great simplicity and without eulogistic
 remarks.   His brief but great life came to its end at 9 o'clock  on
 the morning of March 21st.  He is buried in his native  hamlet at
 his own  request.  His mother  and sister, to whom he was most
 devotedly attached, survive him.   He did not marry.
   An antithesis of the  problem of " squaring the circle"  con-
 stantly recurs to me in seeking an appropriate  illustration of the
, qualities of Dr. Goldsmith's character  and mind.  The  degree to
 which he rounded the squares and angles of human character was
 phenomenal.  His character was so  marked  by fullness  and
 rotundity that  it might have presented a sameness  of aspect had
 not his enterprise and exquisite taste given it abundant  light and
 shade.
   It is easier to analyze the qualities of  a mind  whose strong
 elements were fewer and more dominating than were those of Dr.
 Goldsmith.   He could  not lay claim to   genius  whose almost
 intuitive acquisitions and powers are apt to be eccentric  and fitful,
 but did possess a receptive and capacious mind  that was capable 
16
IN  MEMORIAM.
of every solid acquirement; and by the diligent, unremitting use
of his time and opportunities—some of them self-created—both of
his visits to  Europe for professional  observation and study were
made upon the means he had accumulated at the  time they were
undertaken—his professional and general culture was  remarkably
wide and thorough, in view of his age and of his having, with the
exception of   the two years he spent  abroad,  from  the day of
receiving  his doctorate to  his death, spent almost every working
hour in the assiduous discharge of  the  responsible  and absorbing
duties of practice and administration.
   While he  loved knowledge for its own sake he acquired and
digested it with  practical  aims, and having a retentive memory,
his intellectual armament  was well  at his command.  With no
prejudices nor tendencies  to extreme  views he possessed  in  a
remarkable degree the power of distinguishing what was true and
applicable, in considering any subject, from what was  speculative,
or false, or inapplicable.  It follows that he usually reached wise
conclusions and rarely had  reason  to  reconsider them.  Without
elementary incredulity or captiousness he displayed from boyhood
what I  regard  as   a constitutional  sense of owing it  to  his
individuality to " try all things and hold  fast that which is good,"
and it was the natural habit of his mind, as sleeping and working
were the habits of his body, to base  his opinions upon his own
examination  of  other men's facts  and  reasonings and such
original  light as was within his own  reach.   He respected the
opinions of authors,  but  did not base his own  upon their ipse
dixits.   Having formed his opinions with care he  held them with
contentment  and some tenacity, but without dogmatism, until new
light demanded their modification.
   His sense of honor was  one of the  dominating  elements of his
character.  Indeed, it seemed to be the sum of its primary moral
elements.  In his childhood and youth he honored his  parents,
teachers and  superiors by love or respect, and by obedience, truth
and fidelity, without  any undue  surrender of the claims  of  his
individuality.  Later, quickened and informed  by an  enlightened
conscience, it was the strongest underlying principle of his con-
tinued assiduity in fitting himself for the duties of life and of his
faithfulness in discharging them—of his obedience,  loyalty and
efficient support as an assistant and of his  zeal, justice, considera-
tion and patience as a  superintendent.  There was never a truer
man to his friends.  I  have known him to be  at  much pains  to
serve them with respect  to interests  of which they had  no 
WILLIAM B.  GOLDSMITH,  M. D.            17
knowledge; and such was his fidelity to this principle that I can
not conceive of his having ever neglected  such  service when he
knew of the occasion for it.
  Dr.  Goldsmith's  moral  and  physical  courage were  not less
remarkable than his  other affective principles.  If  an eminent
specialist in nervous and mental disorders, (Dr. C. H. Folsom),  in
saying that he had  "intellectual courage" meant that he did not
hesitate to follow the convictions of  his mind against musty error
or popular prejudice,  I quite agree with the declaration, though, it
seems  to me that  the power  of doing so lies  as much in this
affective principle  as that  to  repel the seductions of ill-founded
popularity or to pursue the thorny path of right against popular
condemnation.   An eminent friend of another profession writes of
him that "he was a brave man.  He had great physical courage.
I have seen it  often put to the test.   He had great moral courage
also.   Evil never  approached  without  finding  his  blade un-
sheathed."  In following his convictions, however, against those
of other men, he displayed so  much respect for their right and
sincerity of opinion, and so little of the spirit of superior wisdom,
as never to wound a friend nor make an enemy.  Neither his
moral  nor his  physical courage was attended  with the slightest
bravado nor with other demonstration except as the occasion for it
arose.   When  it  did arise, however  unexpectedly, he always
appeared to be equal to it.  Early in  his superintendency of the
Danvers Hospital, a patient, in attempting to escape from a pur-
suing attendant, fell  and killed himself.  The matter was under-
going investigation by a committee  of the legislature, and in the
course of it a member with as little  sense as breeding, after
making some absurd criticisms  of the occurrence, asked Dr. Gold-
smith a  question that implied  uncandid self-defense  on  his part,
when he quietly but firmly declined to answer any further questions
put  by that member.  He  was supported in  his refusal by the
other members of the committee.   When Dr. Goldsmith's youth
and  inexperience at this time,  and the great respect in  which  he
held  the committee  as  a sub-representative  of the  sovereign
authority of the State, are  considered,  this  must be regarded as
an act of moral courage as high as it was rare.
  There is not in  all history that I recall a sublimer display of
moral courage than his prognosis of his imminent death twenty-
four hours before it  occurred,  and the  resignation and  calmness
with which he made preparations for it.  Several instances have
been related to me of his display of  physical courage, but, as any
B 
18
IN  MEMORIAM.
one well acquainted with him would have expected, they were not
characterized by the  slightest fool-hardiness nor by any insensi-
bility to the danger he encountered.
  That magnetism which attracts men to each  other was one of
the remarkable attributes of Dr. Goldsmith's moral  constitution.
I have never known a  man who made more fast friends than he
did, and I never knew him to lose  one, so constant and true was
he to the obligations of friendship.  But  he never  loved at first
sight.   The magnetism that drew other  men  to him was not
marked by any sudden, brilliant, overpowering displays of energy.
Like that of the  pole, it was quiet, unremitting and unrelaxing.
He therefore formed  friendships  slowly, not  because of a dis-
trusting, much  less a cynical spirit towards men, but partly, as I
think, from some natural  reserve, and partly because it was the
actual and natural habit of his mind to prepare for every proposed
undertaking and every event and relation  that concerned him, by
deliberate observation  and consideration.   When his friendships
were  formed, their stability and fervor were in  proportion to the
depth at which  they had been planted and the slowness of  their
steady growth.   The poet Whittier, who resides not far from the
Danvers Hospital, writing on the day of his death to a mutual
friend, says: "I feel as if I had lost a brother; he was such a  true,
good friend and neighbor."  An  appreciative lay gentleman,  who
made his acquaintance after he graduated in medicine and who
made the journey from New York to Providence to attend his
funeral, wrote me that " the grief of  every one, from trustees to
the laboring men on the place, was most sincere."   I forbear to
make other quotations upon this point, lest  they should unduly
prolong this paper.  I cannot, however, proceed without adding
that a large number of letters has been put into  my hands, several
from abroad, in which,  in addition to the warmest eulogiums upon
his character, ability, attainments and  services to humanity,  there
are the most ardent expressions of personal affection  for him and
of grief  for his death.
  Dr. Goldsmith was  ambitious  and appreciated his  attainments
and what he had accomplished.  He  also appreciated the good
opinion of his  fellow men, as  I believe  all men do who are in
sympathy with  the highest aims of life.  Without prudishness or
pietism, I believe that his life  presented  an example of almost
faultless purity and correctness.  As  Dr. Charles F. Folsom has
said of him, he  was " a gentleman in the best sense of that much
abused  word."   He never forgot  nor omitted  the consideration 
WILLIAM B.  GOLDSMITH,  M. D.            19
and courtesies  due to his associates, high  or  low.   His manners
were not graceful, but correct.  He had a  thorough acquaintance
with the usages of polite society and never failed to observe them.
These traits and his wide  information made him a favorite in the
best social circles.
  Having briefly presented  the history of  Dr. Goldsmith's  short,
useful and noble life in narrative and analytical aspects, with such
quotations and observations as seemed appropriate to the period of
his life  or element of his mind under consideration, and believing
that it will do  his memory better justice and be more satisfactory
to the audience I address, I  will here let other  witnesses bear testi-
mony to his character as  one  of effective  ability, usefulness  and
worth.   I shall not, however, quote any sentiment which I do not
fully  endorse.  The  President  of this  Association, Dr. John B.
Chapin, who, as you have been informed, had known him from the
age of fourteen, and has ever since been his warm friend, and, since
the close of his junior year in college, his frequent adviser, writes:
"His opinions were honestly formed, and he was content to enter-
tain them.  He was not aggressive nor combative, but was mild in
his manner, gentle towards his patients, considerate of the feelings
of others,  *   *   *   an(j 0f dignified deportment.  At an early
age he had the broad culture and  maturity of judgment that as a
rule men  only acquire at a later date in their lives.   He was
faithful to all trusts and to the highest conceptions of his responsi-
bilities.    He  possessed  in  the largest   sense  the  power  of
eliminating from any subject the elements necessary  to a wise
conclusion.  We have met with a  great loss."
  Dr. W. A. Gorton, who was his assistant for several years and
then his successor  at Danvers, and has now been appointed to
succeed him at the Butler Hospital, probably knew more of his
daily life, official and  personal, since he assumed the responsibilities
of the  direction of  an institution  for the  insane, than any  other
person.   He  writes:  " No one  could meet  him without feeling at
once a sense of his exalted manhood.  Not only was he a gentle-
man in  the highest  sense  of the word,  but there  was in him so
strong an  element of personal purity and  integrity that it  im-
pressed itself irresistibly  and  from the first upon  all who  knew
him.  His  ideal  of life, never obtrusively manifested, was  high,
and in all his daily relations he was true to it.  In the performance
of the duties of superintendent he was the  embodiment of justice,
and of  that kindly dignity  which  enforce  obedience, loyalty and
respect.  No duty was small enough to be evaded; no responsi- 
20
LN"  MEMORIAM.
bility so  great  that he  ever sought to escape it.  His judgment
was  wonderfully accurate  and  never hasty.  His patience  was
tireless, and so  great was his kindliness that he sometimes seemed
willing to suffer imposition rather than give pain to a wearisome
visitor."
  In  an obituary notice of  Dr.  Goldsmith  in  the  American
Journal of Insanity, it is stated  that a former attorney general
of Massachusetts and now a  judge of the Superior Court of  that
State,  said  of  him that he "is an ideal  expert  witness.   His
opinions  are unbiased and deliberate, his knowledge is extensive
and  accurate, and his honesty and sincerity of character are so
impressed upon all who hear him, that his testimony is almost
irresistible in weight."
  I  will close  these  quotations  with a few  other words  from
Whittier.  He  writes:  "Let it be the consolation of his friends
that  *  *  *  his life,  though short, was  so  rounded  and com-
plete;  so full of worthy achievement and good works."
  We shall do Dr. Goldsmith's memory scant honor and ourselves
much injustice if we only  regard his exalted  character  with
wonder and admiration.  His life  was an  instructive one to all
men, but particularly to  us as physiologists and psychists.  If, as I
believe, heredity has always the potency of the character that is
built upon it, the  converse is  likely to be true, and is so in fact.
According to circumstances and within moderate limits character
may be  better or worse than the heredity from which it has
upgrown, but no training will make Websters of the sons  of im-
beciles, nor Howards or Dixes of the children of the selfish and
depraved.  In education the stream of individual human life may
rise  higher than its sources, but in  capacity and character it rarely
does so;  and when it does  it is always liable to fall back  to the
level from which it sprung.    These principles, whose observance
is so important to the development of our race, the obligations of
our  calling  require us  to study and  practically enforce in every
proper manner.  Dr. Goldsmith's  ancestors on both sides appear
to have been strong, intellectual and cultivated people of the upper
middle class.  They do  not appear to have reached those heights
of wealth, power and luxury at which degeneracy is apt soon to
begin.  His father was  noted for his sound judgment, high sense
of honor and positive opinions, which he held with firmness but
not in an aggressive  or  contentious spirit.   His judgment was so
sound as to be in much  request in  the church and neighborhood.
If nothing had been  known  of his father his son would have been 
WILLIAM B.  GOLDSMITH,  M. D.             21
graphically described in the same words.  " The child is father to
the man."  The boy Goldsmith early began  to investigate  for
himself, and to show the bent and power of his mind—his capacity
for mastery and achievement in a learned profession.  The lesson
is, that when called to advise with reference to the career  of  the
sons of ambitious parents, we  should not send a boy to college
who should go to the flail or the hammer or the yardstick.  How
many boys are doomed to be miserable failures in the professions,.
who might have  been prosperous and  happy in cultivating and;
developing a western farm !  And yet the best heredity is only a
capacity for development, and no one can too highly appreciate or
be too grateful for such an excellent training  as Goldsmith en-
joyed.  Otherwise he might have been only a "village Hampden."
   The other lessons of Goldsmith's life and character are for self-
application.  If we  lack  the capacity, receptiveness and love of
culture that he exhibited—if our sense of honor in all its nicest
applications in our intercourse with our fellow men be not as quick
and dominating in us as it was in  him—if neither our moral  nor
our physical courage be equal to his—if our calmness and devotion
to duty, our  politeness without sycophancy  and our gentleness
without weakness, be inferior to his, the  responsible  positions we
have severally attained forbid the belief that by the faithful prac-
tice of his industry and emulation of his virtues we cannot more
or less enhance our usefulness in our most responsible  calling,  and
further exalt that good name among our fellow men to which it is
both our duty and I doubt not  our ambition to aspire.
   To the assistant physicians of our  institutions for the insane I
wish to  particularly commend Dr.  Goldsmith's noble  example,
whether they  view it from the high standpoint of duty or the low
one of interest.  When only 27 years of age, and he had had less
than four years' experience in his profession, he was, purely upon
his own merits, recommended for the medical and executive head
of a very large and important hospital situated near the cultivated
metropolis of New England, with great confidence that he had the
ability, wisdom, integrity and firmness necessary to rescue it from
the perils and difficulties of that crucial period of its history, and
raise it to the enjoyment of public  confidence and support.  That
confidence, which proved  to be so well  founded, was based upon
the ability and earnestness and the fidelity and loyalty that he had
displayed as an assistant.  It sometimes happens that responsibility
develops unexpected practical powers, but as a rule to which the
exceptions are few, as the character of the assistant  so is the 
22
IN MEMORIAM.
character  of  the superintendent.  If  the ripening life of  the
assistant be that of unsullied honor, earnest duty and  diligent
attainment, his mature powers  will  only  be  limited  by  the
ordinances of  Nature, with respect to mental and bodily capacity,
which it is an idle sacrilege to attempt to exceed.

  Bloomingdale,  New York.                Chas. H. Nichols, M. D.

  The  above  memoir was read at  the annual meeting of  the
Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions
for the Insane, held at Fortress Monroe, Virginia, May 15-18,
1888.  Further remarks upon Dr. Goldsmith's life and  character
were made as follows:

  Dr. Gundrt.  I wish to lay a  single flower upon the grave of
Dr.  Goldsmith,  and to  acknowledge  the  very high  sense  of
indebtedness I feel to him.  I met him but two or three times in
my life, but I had some long and pleasant conversations with him
from which I learned, I must say, more of the inner life of foreign
institutions than I had acquired from any other person.  I have
always  felt a  great deal of respect for Dr. Goldsmith, and  I was
very strongly  impressed  with  some features of his mind.  The
readiness with which his mind worked in certain grooves was very
noticeable to me.  He impressed me very much, as was said of a
great lawyer  by another  lawyer, that with  the great abilities he
possessed  he would  have achieved high success without ordinary
diligence,  or with the extraordinary  diligence  always  used  he
would  have achieved success without his great abilities.   He was
a remarkably well-poised man, a  remarkably  well-balanced man.
  I am very grateful to have had the privilege of listening to Dr.
Nichols' address.  It certainly is  a beautiful one and teaches all of
us some very impressive lessons.  We know that old saying, whom
the gods love die young, and we feel peculiar solemnity when we
come to view the death of the young.   It is comparatively easy to
look upon the  departure of one who has ripened in years, who has
achieved the measure of his success and also the measure of the
enjoyment of the world in his allotted  sphere, but when we come
to mourn the death of the young, when we see the  reversal of the
ordinary laws  of nature, the young who should have mourned the
loss of their parents and aged friends being mourned by them, our
grief is keenest.   Altogether,  Mr.  President,  the story of  his
active life and courageous death has impressed me very deeply; 
WILLIAM B.  GOLDSMITH, M. D.            23
 indeed, much more so than I can give utterance to, and recalls to
 my mind those exquisite lines of Tickell:
             He taught us how to live, and Oh! too high
             The price of knowledge!  Taught us how to die.
   Dr. Channing.   Although  Dr. Nichols  has given  such  an
 ■admirable address upon the character of Dr.  Goldsmith I feel it a
 duty to  add  my  personal  tribute  to  the  memory of my late
 departed friend.
   I  had  known him for nearly eight years, and had learned to
 respect him more and like him better as each year elapsed.   From
 the beginning  I was struck  by the independence and strength of
 his character, and  the broad and mature  qualities of  his  mind.
 He  seemed  to  be  perfectly balanced, and accurate in judgment
 from the very first, and was equal to undertaking and carrying
 through the most difficult and delicate projects.
   His task at the Danvers Hospital when he  assumed its manage-
 ment was no small  one, yet with unerring sagacity and patience he
 lifted it from the mire and gave it a reputable position among the
 State institutions of Massachusetts.
   At the Butler Hospital his task was  a different one, but here,
 also, strength and  breadth of treatment were necessary, and in a
 remarkably  short  space of  time he  accomplished results which
 would have  been brought about by an  ordinary man  only after
 years of persistent work.
   He  was essentially a man of science and carried  into  all his
 work  a scientific  spirit which elevated the  work  itself, and
 improved the quality of that performed by others.
   His  death was  simple and characteristic.   He  had  lived
 patiently, he died  patiently, calmly recognizing  his approaching
 end,  and at  a  period  when  many weaker minds would have
 thought only of  living longer.

   Dr.  Channing also read a letter from  Dr.  Edward Cowles,
 expressing his great regret at being unable to attend the meeting
 and pay his tribute of respect to Dr.  Goldsmith's  memory.  He
 also read the following letter from Dr.  Cowles:
  I am not familiar enough with the details of the work of the large State
 asylums  to speak intelligently of Dr. Goldsmith's labor  at Danvers; but I
know the justice of the common reputation, which he seemed to easily gain in
his few years there,  of  administering that asylum with a mastery and success
that would have done credit to maturer years and long experience. 
24
IN MEMORIAM.
  With his work at Butler Hospital I am more familiar through our mutual
consultations, and it was during his two years there, that my acquaintance
with him ripened into a  strong friendship,  with the highest respect  for his
abilities, and his nobility of character.   The indications for the future that at
the present time concern  the asylums of the class of the Butler Hospital are
peculiar and important.   Dr. Goldsmith's readiness in grasping the situation,
and his foresight and discretion in laying in train the proper elements for
future results, were significant that his work would be great and useful.  His
genius for construction was positive, as is shown in the Sawyer Building, one
of the most interesting structures yet devised for its particular purpose.
  His opportunities were great, and they came to him early in his professional
life, but it was because of the charm of his  character, and the confidence  it
inspired, that such opportunities came.   I shall  never forget the  impression
made upon me by one of my personal observations of his fineness  of feeling,
and generous consideration, in has  relations with his patients.  He had the
foresight to  fit himself exceptionally well for the career he had marked out,
and thus has set an example that may well be followed.
  Added to such qualifications, he  always bore upon himself, in spite of his
modesty, the marks of a judicial  and philosophic temperament. All who
knew him as acquaintances, friends, or patients, expected at sight, fairness and
candor in his  treatment of them, and many knew not why they so  trusted
him.
  While  he  accomplished much,  and  made impressions that will  not be
effaced in his comparatively short professional life, it is fair to say  also, that a
large measure is added to our sense of what we have lost, by our recognition
of what was potential in him.   Whatever of  good work he had done,  I think
we always felt a peculiar assurance of good work to come.
  In thus bearing some small testimony to his personal worth, and expressing
my sense of personal loss, it must not be forgotten that a true insight into the
significance of his professional life in New England points to  much more than
the mere tangible results of the work he has accomplished, and to the influence
of his breadth  and  strength of character, and of the lesson of his personal
life.
  This life of one we have loved and honored has brought into ours  a new
experience of the sympathy and inspiration that  springs with quick response
to  such an  example of a noble life well spent.  I desire  to join with the
Association in the honor it will render to his memory.
                                                    Edward  Cowles.
  McLean Hospital, Somerville, Mass.
            [From the Journal of Mental Science, July, 1888.]

   There are many in this country who, from their personal knowl-
edge of  Dr.  Goldsmith,  received  the  intelligence of  his  death,
which  took place  on the  21st  March, with the  deepest regret.
During his residence in Britain all who formed his acquaintance
entertained for  him the most  sincere regard,  confirmed in  the 
WILLIAM B. GOLDSMITH, M. D.            25
experience of some of us by seeing him in the asylum of which he
was superintendent in the United States.  A long career of active
work among the insane was expected; the last idea present to the
mind of the visitor being that that life would be cut short in its
prime, for the  loss of which such universal sorrow has been felt
and expressed.   We take the first opportunity of uniting with our
co-alienists in America in the profound grief excited by his unex-
pected and lamented death.
  He was educated  with the view of taking up the  special
department  of medicine of which he  proved to be so able and
hard-working  a member.  He  graduated  at Amherst College,
Mass., and then studied medicine under Dr. Chapin, the superin-
tendent of the Willard Asylum, where he remained a year.  In
1877 he passed the examination of the College of Physicians and
Surgeons  of  New  York.  He  spent, subsequently,  one  year
acquiring knowledge in the hospitals in London and  Edinburgh.
  In  response  to  our request, Dr. Clouston has jotted down his
reminiscence of Dr. Goldsmith when he acted as assistant medical
officer during several months at Morningside: " He  threw himself
into the work  with the intensest enthusiasm.  He evidently was
most anxious to learn all he could about the treatment of patients in
Scotland.   His mind was open, and a most candid one.   I always
enjoyed in going round the wards with him an argument about our
system as contrasted with the American plan.  I very well remem-
ber we happened  to have  in the department  of  which he had
temporary charge  a  young  lady suffering from the most violent
acute mania.   She  was deliriously excited, very homicidal, and had
a sort of unnatural strength  for  the time.  To give her daily
walks it  always took four or five  good attendants, specially ac-
corded her, during the worst part of her attack.  Dr. Goldsmith
and I discussed, while standing  by her and her staff of attendants
in the garden one day, most fully, the whole question of Restraint
and  Seclusion  versus Freedom in the  presence of the  terrible
symptoms presented by this poor girl. He said that in every
asylum in America she would have been either placed in a seclu-
sion room or in  some way mechanically restrained, possibly both.
I  asked him, ' Well, now you see what we do.  What do you think
of it?'  His reply was: 'Your treatment is the most humane, pro-
vided that you have good  attendants and  plenty of them;  and,
moreover, are not  afraid if any accident does occur, but  in  that
"if" lies the whole question between you and us.'
  "Dr. Goldsmith  was a man not only likeable, but loveable in his 
2G                     IN MEMORIAM.
personal disposition.  He had a quiet, kindly manner, was full of a
certain dignity and self-restraint, and  was a gentleman to the
backbone.
   "He got on well with his colleagues, he governed the staff as  if
he were no stranger, and he was  greatly beloved by his patients.
He had  the  scientific  and  clinical spirit in a high degree.  He
never sank the doctor in the manager.  He was always present at
post-mortem examinations, and was an extensive reader of general
neurological  research.  During my visit to America, when Dr.
Goldsmith met me at the Danvers asylum, I experienced that
feeling one always has towards  an old colleague  with whom one
has lived in daily association."
   Dr. Goldsmith studied also in Germany, including Vienna, where
he studied under Meynert.  On  his return he became Assistant
Medical  Officer at the Bloomingdale Asylum, New York, whose
superintendent, Dr. Nichols,  quickly recognized  his  worth,  and
became warmly attached to him.  He writes: " I feel the  death of
Dr. Goldsmith more than I can tell.   He seemed to me almost like
a younger brother.  His was one of the strongest, most symmetri-
cal, best rounded, and most complete characters I have ever known.
How much he had achieved at thirty-four!   What promise he gave
of future usefulness and fame!   I find it difficult to be reconciled to
his death."  Dr. Goldsmith, on his part, looked up to Dr. Nichols
as his teacher and friend, and consulted him in after years when in
want of counsel as to his course in life.  At the early age of twenty-
seven he was appointed superintendent of the State Hospital for the
Insane at Danvers, Mass., where he threw all his energies into that
large institution, and was esteemed by all with whom he came in
contact.  He was  a frequent  visitor at the house of the  poet
Whittier in the neighborhood, and was a great admirer of the man
and of his poetry.   We have reason to know that Whittier recip-
rocated the feeling  of  Dr. Goldsmith.  There  he remained  until
the death of Dr. Sawyer, which created a vacancy in the office of
superintendent of the Butler  Asylum, Providence, Rhode Island.
Dr. Nichols it was  who recommended him to the trustees of this
hospital,  and  he proved a worthy successor of the men who  had
preceded him.  At the time of his appointment he was thirty-two
years of age,  and he occupied  the post for a little more  than
two years, namely,  from January,  1886,  to  March, 1888.   It
is  stated that  " during this brief period he had performed the
difficult  duties of his  position  with signal  abilities and success,
and had won for himself the  entrie confidence and the  warm 
WILLIAM B.  GOLDSMITH,  M. D.             27
esteem  of the  trustees  and  friends of the  hospital, while  the
innate kindliness  of his spirit and the gentleness of his, manners
were  widely felt among  its inmates.   He  came here  with  a
high  reputation, which he  has fully  sustained  and  extended
during  his  brief residence in  Providence.   In the special  de-
partment of the medical world  to which he was  devoted,  he
already held a place in the foremost ranks.   His training had been
thorough and diversified, his experience large and varied, and his
qualifications for  the difficult position which he filled were of the
highest order.  His unexpected  death will bring sorrow, not only
to  those  with  whom he was more immediately associated in the
management of  the hospital, but to  all who  estimate aright the
importance of high professional  character and acquirements  to the
entire community."
   The  cause of  death was pneumonia, which lasted for a  week.
He suffered severe pleuritic  pain; the highest temperature  was
104°, his pulse frequent and weak, and he became much prostrated.
In addition to the medical advice afforded by the city, the services
of Drs. Folsom and Shattuck were obtained,  and  the former  sat
up with him during the  night.   He  himself remarked during  his
illness: "One  thing is against  me, I have a bad heart."   Subse-
quently he  said to his sister, " The crisis has come, and I hope to
to get well, but there is doubt."  Several days before he died he
said with his  characteristic cheerfulness, " It must be all for the
best."
   One of the Governors of the New York Hospital and Bloom-
ingdale Asylum  writes:   "The  death of Dr. Goldsmith  is  to  me
a loss of a  warm personal friend.  I have  been greatly drawn to
him during the  past  two years; a  most judicious, earnest friend,
full of  talent,  self-reliant,  most honorable, and alive to  any
advanced  professional work."   The  same  hand  writes:  "The
service in the chapel was  of the  most  simple character, directed
by  Dr.  Goldsmith  himself. He awaited  death with  supreme
courage, and it was only the day before, that  he gave up the hope
that  he would  survive.  The grief of everyone, from the trustees
to the laboring men on the place, was most sincere."
   To him may be applied the lines of his friend Whittier—

          " His daily prayer, far better understood
            In acts than words, was simply doing good,
            So calm, so constant was his  rectitude,
            That by his loss alone we know its worth,
            And feel how true a man has walked with us on earth." 
28
EST MEMORIAM.
  Dr. Goldsmith died unmarried, and leaves a widowed mother
and a sister to mourn  his  untimely loss, for whom we venture to
express our warm sympathy.
  London, England.                             Dr.  Hack Tuke.
           [From the Providence Journal, March 22, 1888.]

  Dr. William B. Goldsmith, superintendent of Butler  Insane
Asylum, died yesterday.  The news  will surprise everyone who
knew him, and greatly shock those who appreciated his professional
rank.  He became ill from a cold last week, but was out as late as
Thursday.  On Saturday his physicians pronounced  him  danger-
ously ill with pneumonia.  He had been so far attended  by Drs.
Ely and Mitchell, of this  city, but  Dr. Folsom, of  Boston, a
personal friend, and Dr. Shattuck, a specialist,  were now sum-
moned.  The progress of the sickness was rapid,  and  at  nine
o'clock this morning Dr. Goldsmith died.
  His age was about  thirty-four years, and  he took  the  superin-
tendency of  Butier Asylum  two years  ago  last  month.  He
graduated at  Amherst College and was educated  for specialism in
insanity.  He passed two years in  the hospitals of Great Britain—■
at London and Edinburgh—and Germany, and began professional
practice at the Bloomingdale Asylum, New York,  under Dr.
Nichols, the foremost specialist on insanity in the United States.
When he was twenty-seven years old  he was called to  the super-
intendency of the Danvers Hospital, at Danvers, Mass.,  and stayed
there until invited to come to Providence.   Dr. Nichols, his former
chief, recommended  him  to  the trustees of Butler Asylum when
Dr.  Sawyer's  death  occurred.  He came  here  with  a  perfect
reputation, and the work he accomplished justified the choice the
trustees made in every respect.
  His  eminence  as  a  specialist  will  probably be  spoken  of
extendedly in the future.   It need only be said at this time that
his friends anticipated he would in time gain the  leading position
in the country in his professional  department.  He  was  already
recognized as the foremost of the young men.  At Butler Asylum,
without losing  complete harmony with the work of Dr. Sawyer,
he built up a  system  of treatment  and  government  which will
have effect for many  years.   It is  somewhat interesting  that the
completion of  the building which is  to be a memorial  to Dr.
Sawyer  at the asylum was to take  place this month. 
WILLIAM B. GOLDSMITH, M. D.            29
             [From Providence Journal, March 2%, 1888.]

  It having been my privilege to frequently meet  and be brought
into close  intimacy with Dr. Goldsmith, I cannot refrain from the
privilege of paying the tribute of a friend to his memory.
  Dr. Goldsmith  had not been long  enough in this community
to  become a  familiar personage  in  our streets, and  his close
attention  to his professional calling did not bring him  suddenly
and intimately into contact with large numbers of people, but no
one ever took him by the hand or engaged him  in conversation
without an immediate recognition of somewhat of his power, and
the more one met and the nearer one got to the heart of the man
the more deeply he wa'fe impressed.
  The son of a Presbyterian minister, he  imbibed that high sense
of honor, that almost feminine delicacy of  intuition,  and  that
sturdy and manly integrity which has characterized so many of
the sons of ministers in this country.
  He was born to command, and what it took others long years to
acquire he seemed to grasp without effort—and yet he was always
deliberate, careful and methodical  in all which was brought to his
attention, but once having acquired it he never lost his possession,
so  that he  was  ever  gaining and  broadening, without  any
retrogression.
  Selected to take charge of the newest and we think, the largest
insane asylum in  the State of Massachusetts, at twenty-seven years
of  age, he entered upon the  service with the firm and quiet  dignity
of  a man of  years of experience and so conducted its affairs as to
command  the respect of all and  the love of every trustee and
officer, and of the attendants, patients and servants of the establish-
ment.  His yea was yea, and his nay was nay; and yet there was
no  sense of fear or dread in his  rule. He was a kingly man, whose
rule,  though firm, was the rule  of duty and love.
   While in Danvers he became the intimate personal friend of the
poet  Whittier, who  was a near  neighbor, and that friendship
continued unto the  end, and since his decease the poet has  sent
tender words of sympathy to  those whom he has left to mourn
 him.
   How little could we have expected that he  would be the first to
go, and that he would be destined to enter first into his rest.
   Dr. Goldsmith was  one  whose  creed, though short, was all-
comprehensive, and was comprehended in the two great command- 
30                     IN MEMORIAM.
ments—love to God and love to his fellow men, and his conduct of
life was such that each day he  lived for the duty before him, and
by the conscientious discharge of that duty he was ready and able
to take up the next, whether here and now or in the great unknown
beyond.

            " The Present, the Present is all thou hast
                For thy sure possessing;
              Like the patriarch's angel hold it fast
                Till it gives its blessing.
              *     *      *      *      *      *
              Then of what is to be, and of what is done,
                Why queriest thou ?
              The past and the time to be are one,
                And both are now.
              All is of God that is and is to be;
                And God is good."
                 [From the Ontario County Times.]

  To many of your readers, especially in the eastern part of the
county, the death of Dr. Goldsmith will be felt with the most pro-
found sorrow, as it will to all who knew him  in  his youth, or in
his most successful professional life.
  Dr. Goldsmith at the time of his  death last Wednesday, after
only a week of sickness, was superintendent of the Butler Insane
Asylum at Providence, R. I., in which position he had been more
than two years.   He was  the  only son  of  the late  Rev. B. M.
Goldsmith, D. D., so long the beloved and successful pastor of the
Presbyterian Church  at  Bellona, Yates County.   He pursued  his
studies preparatory to college in Canandaigua Academy, and  his
college  course at Amherst.  A classmate in the  academy, and in
college  a  class and room mate of one of our Canandaigua boys,
he was in all respects an Ontario County boy—save that his home
was a little over the line—and I tender these few words as a brief
tribute to his great  promise and worth, and  to my admiration of
his character and my  sorrow in his early death.
  The closing of such a noble life, so full of  hope and of promise,
so rich in  resources  for  the  comfort and  recovery of  the un-
fortunate class for whose treatment he was so eminently qualified,
is a most sad and mysterious providence,  and yet one with which 
WILLIAM B. GOLDSMITH, M. D.            31
we  are  all familiar; but we  have this  comfort that we have the
blessed memory of such a life, even though so brief.
  An incident in the early life of Dr. Goldsmith, occurring  while
he was a student in our academy, revealed the secret of the great
power which was so abundantly manifest in  his subsequent life.
The incident did not come to my knowledge until he  had entered
upon his professional work.  There was  among the students then
(1870) a fiery Southerner, who, when  angered as he often was,
became a terror to all about him, and so furious as to threaten  the
lives, in true Southern style, of those who had offended him.  On
one such occasion Goldsmith  went into the hall, and found  the
students fastening  themselves into their rooms to protect them-
selves from his violence.   He walked quietly through the hall, and
meeting the angry man, put his strong hand (he had  but  one)
gently  on  his shoulder, and  said in  a soft, commanding tone,
" R----n, sit down on my lap until  you get over this  passion,"
and his murderous, violent  spirit was at once subdued, and he sat
there as one in the spell of a mighty unseen power.   It  was this
power, strong, magnetic, and  gentle, that gave to Dr. Goldsmith
his great success in his treatment of the insane.
  I used to think when in school that he lacked somewhat of  the
push and energy of successful men, but  what I took for that lack
proved to be his most distinguishing strength.  It was his gentle-
ness that made him great;  the power of a meek and quiet spirit
that gave  him success with those  to  whom he  ministered and
endeared him so  affectionately to all  who came to know him, and
his remarkable work.
N. T. C. 
 
gjersoual ^rilwles. 
 
PERSONAL  TRIBUTES.
Dear Mrs. Goldsmtth:
    I cannot  sufficiently express  to you the  grief I have expe-
rienced  on  the  reception of the  news of the death of your son
William,  and  my sympathy has gone  out  to  you  and  your
daughter.  The news has been a shock to my family.  We were
attached to Dr. Goldsmith by the strong ties of long acquaintance
and sincere  friendship, and he had a strong hold  upon our affec-
tions.  This homage was due to him, as among thousands he was
sincere, free from all guile, true to his friends, his convictions, and
to good principles, to a  greater degree than the multitude.  For
him I had the strongest attachment.   At an  early period of his
life he seemed to lean upon me as his master, but in recent years I
have  learned  to look up to him.   He  started later and upon a
higher plane,  and of all  in our special department of medicine, he
was, as I have frequently asserted,  the most promising, and already
with the foremost.  His  career  has been useful and distinguished
both in this and in other countries, where he  was  already known,
although still comparatively young in years.   If he was thus dis-
tinguished at  the bar of  his chosen profession, and  if his loss will
there be  deeply deplored, how great to you that  loss  must be.
God bless you  all i«n this hour of deepest distress, and comfort
you with his promises.  ******
                        Sincerely your friend,
  Kirkbride, Philadelphia, Pa.                     John B.  Chapin.
My Dear Mrs. Goldsmith:
    What your son was to his profession and its future, his medi-
cal colleagues will have said  " as those having authority."  What
he was in private life remains for his friends  to remember with a
peculiar reverence which it  is not easy to put into words.   My
acquaintance with him  was a brief one, but it  was long enough for
me to learn that his was no  ordinary nature.  I used to think him
one of the bravest men I knew.  He endured trouble or care with 
36
IN  MEMORIAM.
a strong silence; as iron carries weight.   He took his life, which
was not an easy one, so manfully that it was a stimulus to one's
own pluck to know him.  It  is relatively easy to have courage;
which is a flash-light.   He had fortitude, which lasts.  Something
of the soldierly, which was  so marked in his personal carriage,
struck through his whole being.   " He did not look like  a dead
man;  he looked like a general," said a friend who turned weeping
from his coffin.
  Woven through  his strength of nature and of character, ran a
rare delicacy.  One always knew that his thought was of the  fine
fibre which can be  trusted.  He was considerate, tender, conscious
of the unsaid, aware of the "unwritten  laws."  He was a gentle-
man " deep down."
  He seemed to me a man of promise more brilliant even than his
already extraordinary achievement.   His head and brow and eye
foretold  that.  His death  is one of  the  mysteries  of  life.   He
must  be greatly wanted  in  the  unknown existence—he  was so
needed here.  Whatever he is doing, and in whatever  world of
pure hearts and brave deeds he may be doing it, he has carried to
it an education of  consecration to the unselfish and the spotless
which can be no more wasted than the loving personal memories
left in the lives that were brought near to his.
  I am, dear madam, with sorrowful sympathy,
                          Yours sincerely,
  Gloucester, Mass.                      Elizabeth Stuart Phelps.
     [A few sentences from a letter of Rev. James G. Vose, D. D.,
                       Providence, B. L]

  "Your dear brother was one whom all admired, and who won
the ready confidence of all who knew him.   Truth was manifest in
every look and word, while a noble  forgetfulness of self made
him always  ready to  serve others.  What must he have been to
mother  and sister!  His lofty character set forth the power of
true Christianity,  and with all his  might he was striving to do
good.
  "May you and your beloved mother be sustained by the same
fortitude and simple  devotion to duty!  Your  task is perhaps
harder than his, for he was permitted to  toil on, in full strength to 
WILLIAM B. GOLDSMITH, M. D.            St
the end.   But in our different spheres God will help us to work out
a life pleasing to Him."
  In the death of Dr. Goldsmith I mourn the loss of one of my
dearest  friends.   The  privilege  of his neighborly kindness  and
friendship  it  is not  easy  for me  to  over-estimate.  A man of
superior ability, wise  beyond his years, his natural fitness for the
great work  of his life, the  love and confidence which he  called
forth from  the  suffering people under his charge,  the  patience,
self-control  and mingled firmness and  sympathy which  he mani-
fested on all the trying occasions of his vocation, proved him to
be  unmistakably a providential  man.   He  had that great  but
strong enthusiasm of humanity which finds  its happiness as well
as its duty in relieving the  suffering and leading home the estray.
Outside of his profession he was a universal favorite.  All who
knew him loved  him.   The brief calls on his friends and neighbors
which the incessant duties  of  his position  permitted him, were
always  welcome.  He had  a fine sense of  humor, and a  ready
perception of  the ludicrous, but they were never indulged at the
expense of the poor and unfortunate.
  Nothing in  him was more noticeable than his deep and tender
reverence for  human  nature however mentally warped or  dis-
figured.   He saw the image of God in all who were under his care.
What wonder  that his patients loved him with a love which, at his
death, would not be comforted!
  In our sorrow for his loss may we not find consolation in the
thought that in his short life he did a work the beneficial effects of
which will long survive him.  There was no failure in the rounded
completeness of  his life.
  Danvers, Mass.                             John G. Whittier. 
IN  MEMORIAM.
     WILLIAM BENJAMIN GOLDSMITH.

                     1888.

           AGED THIRTY-FOUR YEARS.

Like Rachel, still we mourn beside our dead;
Though well we know the blessed earth now holds
His grave, in shade and sun, while pass the years.
We knew his strong, unfettered  growth, as swift
And true as mounting bird.  We saw him stand,
Fresh, free, and brave,—full-furnished for the brunt
Of manhood's strengthening toil; to right grave wrongs,
Uphold weak souls, crush false surmise, and teach
To selfishness its shame.  And then—the glow
Of morning sunshine sudden ceased.  Like night
Before the dawn, the void his absence makes
Keeps us aghast and dumb.
                          But from the silence
Swells a voice, at first too clear for ears
Untouched by hands divine.
                              My harvest stood
In perfect growth, full eared and ripe.  Do ye
Not know that time is not for Me?   Youth goes
 When wisdom comes, and dwelleth not in days.
 What storms and heats perfected him ye see
By the wide path his going makes for you
 To tread.  In silence grows the corn to feed
 The nations; in silence grows a man; and where
He is, shall be a sign of peace and health.
He liveth long,  who learns to do  my will.
Anne Sibley Angell. 
^solutions. 
 
RESOLUTIONS.
          THE LATE WILLIAM BENJAMIN  GOLDSMITH, M. D.

   The  following Memorial  Minute was adopted  at  a meeting of
the Trustees of the Butler Hospital  for the Insane, on  Thursday,
April 5, 1888, and ordered to be entered in the Records, and to be
published:

   William Benjamin Goldsmith, M. D., superintendent of the Butler Hospital
for the Insane,  died of pneumonia after an illness of  seven days, on Wednes-
day, March 21,  1888, at the age of thirty-four years, two months and ten days.
He was born in Bellona, Yates County, N. Y.,  January 11, 1854, and was the
son of the late Rev. Benjamin  M. Goldsmith.  He was educated  at Amherst
College, where  he graduated in  1874.  He  immediately began the study of
medicine, with  special reference to the treatment of mental disease, and spent
a year under the guidance of Dr. John Chapin, of the Willard Asylum.   The
two  following  years he was  a member of  the College  of  Physicians  and
Surgeons in New York, where he received his degree as Doctor of Medicine in
1877,  and was soon appointed  Second Assistant Physician in the Blooming-
dale  Hospital  for the Insane, of which Dr. Charles H. Nichols is the  dis-
tinguished head.  At the end of a service of  two and a half years, he went to
Europe  and carried forward his professional studies amidst great advantages
in well  known  hospitals in London and Edinburgh, in the latter city also as
temporary assistant to Dr. Clouston, of  the Royal Asylum.   While absent, he
was  appointed  first assistant  physician on the staff of Dr.  Nichols, of the
Bloomingdale Hospital, and had been but a few months in this position when
he was invited to become superintendent of the State Hospital for the Insane
at Danvers, Mass.   While charged with the duties  of this office, he was  per-
mitted to spend nearly a year in Germany, for  special professional studies.
  Such  had been the training and experience  of Dr. Goldsmith when he was
chosen by the Trustees of the Butler  Hospital to become its superintendent,
on the  death of the late Dr. 'John W. Sawyer.  He entered  upon  his duties
here on  the first day of February, 1886, and  at the time of his death had dis-
charged them with rare professional skill,  with unremitting assiduity, and
with singular success, for the period of two years and nearly two months.  In
this brief period, he has   left  upon the administration  and interests of the
hospital the impress of  thorough and varied professional   knowledge, of 
42                        IX  MEMORIAM.
sound  judgment, of great  humanity and  tenderness, and of the  highest
qualities of educated manhood.  His manners were reserved, but they always
revealed a refined and gentle nature which did not fail to secure the confidence
and esteem of those with whom he  was associated.   As a superintendent, he
was  fulfilling  the  high expectations with which his appointment had been
made.   His treatment of the patients under his charge was in accordance with
the liberal and  progressive methods  now most approved, and it has been
attended with important results.  Nor was his success confined to professional
matters alone.   In the management of all the interests of the hospital, in the
development of its grounds, in the cultivation of  its farm  and in the improve-
ment of its buildings, he has shown only good judgment and skill.  And the
Trustees record, with special  satisfaction, the advantages they have  derived
from his wise counsel, his varied experience and his architectural taste in the
planning and erection of the new ward now in progress of construction as a
memorial  of the late Dr. Sawyer, his predecessor.   He has been taken from
us at a moment most unexpected, just as he had fully shown how ample were
his qualifications for the position which he held, and  how full of promise was
the future that was opening before him.
   The following  resolutions on the death  of Dr. Wm. Goldsmith
were  passed by  the Board  of Trustees of  the Danvers Lunatic
Hospital, at the meeting held April 6, 1888,  and now appear upon
their records:

   Voted—Whereas,   Since the last meeting of this Board,  the death of Dr.
William B. Goldsmith physician and superintendent of the Butler Hospital for
the Insane at Providence, R. I., has occurred; and
   Whereas,   From the first day of March, 1881, to the time of his appointment
at the Butler Hospital, he was physician and  superintendent of this hospital,
and
   Whereas,   He was a man  of marked integrity, skill, knowledge, tact, and
capacity in his profession and occupation, and became  greatly endeared to us
during our association together, and when leaving,  carried with him  our best
wishes for his success in life—
  Besolved,   That we will put  upon our records  a  token of our respect and
esteem for him, and a recognition of his  faithful  and useful services for this
institution and for  its inmates while under  his charge;  and our  grateful
appreciation thereof. 
WILLIAM B.  GOLDSMITH,  M. D.             43
  Resolved,  That we regret and are pained by his early death in the midst of a
promising and brilliant career for many years to come.
  Besolved,  That we join with his friends in full appreciation of his merits,
and transmit to his mother and sister, the surviving members of his family,
our words of condolence on account of their great  bereavement, and that a
copy of these resolutions from our records, be transmitted to them.

                                Solon Bancroft, Secretary,
                                Samuel W. Hopkinson, Chairman.
   The New England  Psychological  Society having learned  the
 painful news of the death of a highly valued and beloved member,
 Dr. Wm.  B.  Goldsmith  superintendent of  the Butler Asylum
 at Providence, R. I., recalls with a deep sense of its great loss, his
 high character, exceptional ability, and refined and genuine nature:

  Besolved, That such has been the influence of his opinions, based upon his
 solid attainments and great devotion to his work, that broader views of the
 treatment of the insane, and deeper insight into mental disease, have come to
 many of us, his fellow-workers.
  Besolved, That by his  death  is  lost  a  tried and considerate friend,  a
 judicious and helpful counsellor, and a courteous and cultivated associate.
  Besolved, That the secretary be requested to communicate these resolutions
 to the  family of our deceased  friend, and to extend to them our profound
 sympathy in their sorrow.
                                         H.  R. Stedman, M. D.,
                                         Theo. W. Fisher, M. D.,
                                         C. P. Bancroft, M.  D.,
 Walter Channing, M. D., Secretary.                      Committee.

  In publishing the above, together  with  an obituary notice by
 Dr. Wm. A. Gorton, the American Journal of Insanity  for April,
 1888, made the following editorial comment:

  The New England Psychological Society, and  the  writer of  the
obituary on  another page,  have well  expressed the sentiments of
all whose privilege it was to know Dr. Goldsmith.   The  American
Journal of Insanity loses  in his death a  valued  contributor and 
44                      IN MEMORIAM.
a staunch  friend.   The notes of  a clinical  case in  this issue, sent
to us by our late  colleague for  publication, within  a  few  weeks
of  his  death,  possess  a  melancholy  interest   and   furnish
opportune confirmation of testimony that has been borne to his
painstaking  care and scientific  zeal.  No  one  will dispute our
claim that Dr. Goldsmith stood facile princeps among the younger
superintendents of  asylums in all that pertained to  the  scientific
side of American psychiatry.   He was a constant foe to "asylum
routine, and while  according  due importance to purely adminis-
trative work, he neither suffered himself nor others to  forget that
before all else he was a physician.
  At  the meeting of the  Boston  Medico-Psychological Society
held on the nineteenth of April, 1888, special reference was made
to  the  death  of Dr. W.  B. Goldsmith,  and  a committee was
appointed to prepare resolutions, to be reported to  the Society at
a subsequent meeting.
  This committee reported as follows :

  The  Boston Medico-Psychological Society, deeply impressed with the loss
that it has sustained by the death of its beloved member, Dr. William B.
Goldsmith, superintendent  of  the Butler Hospital, at Providence,  R.  I.,
wishes  to place on record its testimony to  his exalted character, his great
ability  as  a physician and a superintendent,  and his  genial and generous
nature  as an associate.
  Dying at the early age of thirty-four, when it  seemed that a long life of
usefulness had only just begun, he had already accomplished, by his great
attainments and faithful, conscientious work, that of which older men might
well be proud, and had made his influence felt, not only in  the hospital but
also in the community, in  wider knowledge of mental disease, and more
intelligent and liberal treatment of the insane.
  Besolved, That by his death this Society has lost one of its most distin-
guished members, a valued contributor, and each of us a tried and cordial
friend.
  Besolved, That the  secretary  of  this society,  in communicating to the
family  of Dr. Goldsmith this expression of its esteem, and its sorrow at  his
death, be requested to extend to them our heartfelt sympathy in their grief.
                                             George  F.  Jelly,
                                             Walker Channing,
                                             Philip Coombs Knapp. 
WILLIAM  B.  GOLDSMITH,  M. D.               45
  The members of the Providence Medical Association received with pain and
a sense of great personal loss the announcement on the 21st of March of  the
sudden death of their late associate, William B.  Goldsmith, M.  D., superin-
tendent of the Butler Hospital.  His almost constant presence at  our monthly
meetings evinced his great interest in general medicine, as well as in his own
specialty, in which he had  the  reputation of doing as good,  if not better,
work, than any one in this country.  To use the words of an eminent  alienist,
"No one could look forward more confidently to the first position in his
specialty in this country."
  Beneath his reserved manner was a heart full of kindness and thoughtful-
ness for others.
  In his death the Association has lost a member of solid attainments, excep-
tional  ability, thorough  honesty, and a gentleman in the best  sense of  the
word.
  Besolved,  The secretary be requested to enter the above upon the records of
the society, and to communicate the foregoing to the mother and  sister of  our
deceased  associate, and to express to them our heartfelt sympathy  in their
great sorrow.
                                                 J.  W. C. Ely,
                                                 Horace G.  Miller,
                                                 E. L. Walker,
                                                             Committee. 
 
 

WZ 100 G6248I 1888
55610050R
NLM  052T3AfiO  1
    NATIONAL LIBMRY OF MEDICINE
8645154501825212922636167�
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