A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE Small-Pox and Measles. Wherein is set forth, First, The Signs which shew the Small-Pox or Measles are coming. Secondly, The Cause of the Ma- lignancy, and whereby con- tracted. Thirdly, The Way for the Nurse to manage the Patient at every Crisis, or Relaspe, from the Beginning to the End of the Distemper; as to their Eating or Drinking. Fourthly, Prescriptions pro- per to be given from the Be- ginning to the End of the Distemper. Fifthly, What is proper for Washing; Oyntments, Physic, and Bleeding, when the Di- stemper is turn'd. By THOMAS TANNER, Surgeon, In Hartlebury, Worcestershire. WORCESTER: Printed by S.Bryan, and Sold by Mrs. Wolley, Book- seller, in Worcester; as likewise by the other Booksellers in the adjacent Towns. M.DCC.XLV. [5] A Practical TREATISE ON THE Small-Pox and Measles, &c. THE Small-Pox are cuticular Erup- tions, which in few Days suppurate, and are attended with a Fever: To these some refer a Kind of Pustules, common to Children, being like the the former in Fashion and Size, white, without Inflammation, and usually without Fever, fill’d with a shining, wheyish Humour, which in three or four Days break and dry up, and usually procure no Danger. These the Country People call Swine, Hen, or Chicken-Pox. Men are subject to these, as well as Children. The Measlses are small, red, cuticular Eruptions, and are attended with a Fever, and vanish in few Days, by Transpiration, without Suppuration. The Signs which shew the Small-Pox are coming, are a small cold Shivering, succeeded by a flow Fever, Pain of the Back and Loins, with a dull Heaviness of the whole Body, a Pain of the Head, a watery Redness of the Eyes, with a dry Cough, and a vehement quick and hard Pulse, there are sometimes Epileptic or Con- vulsive Fits, especially in Children, before the Erup- tion; the Voice is hoarse; sometimes there is bleeding at the Nose, or vomiting, with a Difficulty ot breath- ing; Nights are restless; sometimes Blood is pissed, otherwise the Urine is sometimes clear, and sometimes muddy, which settles to the Bottom. These, or most of these Symptoms having lastted two, three or four [6] Days, small red Pimples infest the Skin, and as they grow larger the fierce Symptoms abate, and some go quite off; but the Fever and Hoarsness most times continue all the illness, but of a milder Nature than they were of before the Eruption. If these Pimples vanish, by insensible Transpiration, without Suppura- tion in five, seven or nine Days, ’tis call’d the Measles; but if the Pimples grow large, and the Fever con- tinues, and there be a dark-red or livid Colour round them, the Points growing white, with Matter, (which in Time dry away) ’tis the Small Pox. Some say the Cause is the Impurity of the Mother’s Blood, and others, a malignant Quality contracted by the Fœtus in the Womb, which lies hid in the Body ’till it be stirr’d up by a contagious Air, or an infected Person, but I think that the Cause is as yet a Secret. There are great Hopes of doing well if they break out quickly, are soft-pointed, great, separate from each other, white or red if after they are broke forth; Heat abate, and decline by the ninth, eleventh or fourteenth Day, there is no Danger: A Loosness or violent Hæmorrhage of Blood happening upon the Eruption, is dangerous. The Small-Pox is more dan- gerous to old than young People. The Small-Pox are oftner mortal than the Measles; they are ever sus- pected as mortal, or at least dangerous, when they strike in irregularly for want of Heat to keep them out, from an internal Defect; or if they return in from external Cold, or drinking cold Liquors, or the like, they may prove mortal, if timely Relief be not given to bring them out again; if the Fever returns a-fresh, with Convulsions, trembling or quaking. Death will hardly be put off: But if with the Fever Epileptic Fits or Convulsions seize before, and cease upon the Eruption, 'tis not dangerous- A Difficulty of breath- ing, with a Hoarsness, Quinsies, Plurisies, Dysen- terics, &c. ’tis like to be mortal; the greater the Dif- ficulty TO THE READER. WHEN I first enter'd upon the Thoughts of writing the following Sheets, I was very much at a Loss about the Person to whom, and the Manner how, I should address myself. In the first Place, I concluded that the Physicians and Chyrurgeons would be the best Judges as to the Theorie Part; but then it would be expected, that I should write as becomes one of the Profession, whereby a great Part of the Discourse should have been clouded with hard Terms of Art, and ob- scure Sentences, and the whole have appear’d an unintelli- gible Lecture to such as are design'd to have the greatest Benefit of it. I confine myself within the Limits of a Dis- ease I have been well acquainted with, and exercised in, for above a Quarter of a Century. I hope the Gentlemen of the Faculty, whose Parts and Practice are more extensive than I contend for, will judge favourably of my Endeavours; and it is to them only I submit my Labours: They are the proper Judges; and, as they are Men of Honour, I appeal to them, if I have not explain’d and laid down proper Rules and Remedies for the Disease, and all Care possible was taken to have it multum in parvo. ’Tis a prepostrous Practice (and what ought to be avoided by every rational Practitioner) that some People use in ad- ministring Multitudes of Medicines to cure a Disease, thereby thinking, that one among so many will he capable to dispel the Disease, and cure the Party: But to every One that is cured after this Method, Mlultitudes of others are precipitated into the Grave, or, at least, the Disease, which before was benign and acute, is now become either malign or chronic, and consequently more dangerous than before. Nature plain enough in most Diseases, indicates what A2 Medicines To the READER. Medicines ought to he administred to her Assistance in van- quishing the Disease; but either through Carelesness, or Obsti- nacy against the Opinion of an opposite Sect, Medicines quite contrary to what are indicated, and ought to be given, are administred, which at once overcomes the weak Efforts of Nature, and ruins the Patient. It behoves every young Practitioner, therefore, to consider, That Nature ought to be helped and supported, by administring proper Remedies to act in Conjunction with her, towards the eradicating the Disease, and in no wise act counter to her, which is the only true Physician: And as a Multitude of Medicines crouded upon a Patient are hurtful, so are too few; How is it pos- sible to fit one Remedy to all Circumstances? 'Tis fitting one Boot to every Man's Leg. It may be accounted Presumption by some, for him that is least able and most unworthy, to put himself to publick View of those who are better Proficients and more renown'd in the Noble Art: But what induced Me to it was this, Seeing so many of my Fellow-Creatures labouring under the Distem- per, and having no proper Means used, nor Remedies pre- scribed, and Persons about them not acquainted with it, have died Victims to upstart Ignorance (as in this Distemper is too often seen) among the poorer Sort, who live at a Di- stance from Men of Experience, and have not wherewith to send for a Physician; for the Benefit of Those these Sheets are written. A Practical [7] ficulty of breathing after the Eruption, the greater the Danger. The Small-Pox happening in phlegma- tic Constitutions proves mortal, sometimes for want of sufficient Heat to expell the morbid Humours, and pro- mote Suppuration: Bleeding at the Nose in a ple- thoric Constitution, in the Beginning, is not dangerous; but if it happen after the Eruption it may prove fatal, by weakning the natural Heat, thereby causing an ir- regular Striking-in of the Pustles before they are duly suppurated. If the Small Pox strike in unseasonably, from any Cause whatever, and if a great Difficulty of breathing, with an Augmentation of the other Symp- toms happening thereupon, you may expect Death’s Approach. The sooner the Pustles come out, which is commonly on the third or fourth Day; and if they advance regularly towards their Height, which is com- monly on the ninth or tenth Day, if they be of a be- nign Kind, (if they are of the malignant Kind I have made Observation they will continue to the fifteenth, eighteenth or twentieth Day) if there are any livid or dark-brown Spots appear among the Small-Pox, it is an ill Sign. Swelling of the Hands and Face is a good Sign. The following Heads should be minded, before any Thing be done as to the Cure. First, As a cold Regimen often proves fatal, by hin- dring the Eruption, so likewise an over hot one is dangerous, because it often produces high Fevers, Phrensies, &c.; therefore a Moderation must be used, but with this Difference, That in phlegmatic Constitu- tions, and where native Heat is weak, a hotter Regi- men is requir’d to promote the Expulsion of the mor- bid Humours, and to supply the Defect of natural Heat: But in a sanguine or choleric Constitution, and in those whose innate Heat is strong, a moderate, cooling Regimen is to be used. More People die thro’a too [8] too hot Regimen than through a moderate one: I allow a cold Air, and drinking cold Liquors, &c. to be hurt- ful; but People by giving hot Liquors and Cordials, and keeping the Party too hot, commit a great Error. Secondly, To take Blood from a cold phlegmatic Con- stitution, where native Heat is weak, is very hurtful; but in a plethoric Constitution, and where the Fever is like to boil high, and the Head heavy and painful, bleeding is then neccssary; but the Operation must be before the Eruption. Thirdly, If gross Humours, with a clogged and foul Stomach, attend the Patient, a Vomit may be safely given in the Beginning, which will prevent a Loosness, which commonly happens in phlegmatic Constitutions, if a Vomit be omitted: A costive Belly is better than a loose one, for which Reason Glysters and Purges must be forborn; but, if there is Occasion, the former may be used, with Discretion. Fourthly, If a Loosness happen before the Eruption, it must be suppress’d; but if it happen after the Sup- puration of the Pustles, and not violent, little Notice may be taken of it. Let their common Drink be a Decoction of Hartshorn, &c. during the Loosness Opiats are very good to check a Loosness, promote Expulsion of the Humours, and mitigate violent Pain. Fifthly, A too great Medley of Remedies do more Hurt than Good; for it is often seen many People re- cover by the Help of a good Nurse, without any, or at least but very few, Medicines, (and those mean and simple) and yet are crown’d with Success, when Mul- titudes of Medicines and long Prescriptions of fram’d practitioners will do no Good. Sixthly, The Cure must be varied according to the Constitution of the Party; for a sanguine one requires a different Way of Treatment from that of a phleg- matic one; and for want of this Caution many have died through the Ignorance of their Nurse. Seventhly, [9] Seventhly, After the Small-Pox are all out, which is about the third or fourth Day after the first Ap- pearance of the Eruptions, it is proper for the Patient to be got up, and sit in a Chair by the Bed-side, co- ver’d with a Blanket, for a Quarter of an Hour, or longer, according as they find their Strength to hold; and so continue it every Day during their lllness, (for in the Time they sit up, the Bed may be made) and the Patient will not be so faint, nor their Spirits so much impair’d, as they would were they to keep in Bed during the Time of the lllness: The Room ought to be kept moderately warm the Time of the Patient’s sitting up; and if the Patient should be fainting by sitting up, put them to Bed, and give them two or three Spoonfuls of Treacle and Plague-Water, mix’d, or a Spoonful or two of Sack with eight or ten Drops of Alkermes in it, and it will rouze up sinking Na- ture, and invigorate the sinking Spirits to a Wonder; and their Rest will be more comfortable, and the Body not so much impair’d as it would was the Patient to keep in Bed all the Time of the lllness (which is usual); and by fitting up, as a Bone directed, keeps the Pox from running and fluxing in a great Mearsure. N.B. The Nurse must be very careful that the Fire does not catch the Patient's Face, for that is very hurtful, and occasions so many frightful Objects, by drawing their Faces into Seams, Scars, &c. Sitting near the Fire, before the Pox is turn’d and dry, occa- sions those Misfortunes, more than scratching and taring off the Pustules. Eighthly, After the Small-Pox or Measles are turn’d and dry’d, ’tis necessary to give two or three Purges, at a convenient Distance of Time from each other, to carry off the Dregs of the Disease; which, if not, would cause the itch, King’s-Evil, and abundance of ill Humours in the Blood, &c. All those Purges ought to be given before the Party eateth any Flesh, or the B Broth [10] Broth thereof; otherwise it will fix those Humours in the Juices of the Blood, as will be hard to be got off, which is the Reason of so many having Blotches and Breakings-out all over their Bodies all the Days of their Lives. Now these cautionary Precepts being given, we proceed as to the Diet; First, Order a thin Diet, as, Posset-Drink wherein is boild Marigold Flowers, Figs, and Shavings of Harts- horn; Oatmeal Cordial; Barley Broth, &c. avoiding all Flesh and its Broth: But in case of a Loosness, Rice Milk may be used. Wine is hurtful, and so are all spirituous Liquors and strong Cordials; but if na- tive Heat is weak, and unable to promote Expulsion, a Spoonful or two of a moderate strong Cordial, now and then, is allowable; ’tis even necessary in such a Cafe to retrieve the drooping Spirits. Their common Drink may be a well-brew'd Small-Beer, with a little Saffron infused in it, or a few Drops of Spirits of Sal- armoniac, and a little Ale may be given between whiles; but if a Loosness be sear’d, or present, the while, De- coction must be used as common Drink: ’Twill be the better if to every Quart of it, one Ounce of Plague, and one Ounce of Treacle Water be added, with two Grains of Camphire dissolved in them: Where not that, no Drinks whatever must be given actually cold, but a little warm’d; and the best Way of warming the Malt Liquor is by quenching a Piece of Iron or Steel in it. At the Beginning of the Disease, when in a sanguine Conctitution, and Youth concur, the Expulsion may be let alone to Nature; but if Malignity appear, or Nature is like to sink under the Burden; or if it be in a cold phlegmatic Constitution, or where native Heat is wanting, as in old Persons, in these Cases a Spoon- ful [11] ful or two of the following is very good to extinguish Malignity, rouze up sinking Nature, and promote Ex- pulsion, by raising the native Heat of the Patient to a suitable Degree. Take of Plague and Treacle Water each two Ounces; Angelica Water one Ounce; Scabious and Carduus Water each three Ounces; Spirits of Saf- fron, Tincture of Myrrh, each two Drams; Syrup of Corn-Poppies, two Ounces, mix'd, for the above mention’d Use. Or, Take Viper-Grass Water two Ounces; Rue and Scordium Water, of each three Ounces; of cam- pheriz’d Spirit of Treacle one Ounce; Essence of Myrrh Half an Ounce; Tincture of Castor two Drams; Syrup of Saffron one Ounce; mix’d;- To be taken as the former. If there be a malignant Pox, intermix'd with dark brown or purple colour’d Spots, (I never saw any thing exceed the following) for the three or four first Days, Take Milk and Treacle-Water of each Half an Ounce; of Lapis Contrayervæ and Cochineal, each four, five or six Grains: Mix, and give it every four, five or six Hours, as Occasion requires. In case there be a Loosness, a few Drops of the Tincture of Opium, or Liquid Laudanum, may be added to either of the foregoing Prescriptions. A Loosness commonly happens in phlegmatic Con- stitutions, and chiefly if no Vomit was given in the Be- ginning; and in sanguine Constitutions, if Bleeding B2 was [12] was omitted in the Beginning, Fevers, Watchings, Convulsions, Phrensies, Inflammations of the Vescere, and Deliriums afflict the Party most; all which are in- creased if an unreasonable Use of Cordials is persisted in, and cooling, diluting Remedies neglected. If Bleeding, wilfully or ignorantly, is omitted in the Be- ginning, in a sanguine or plethoric Constitution, so that towards the Height of the Disease the Party is afflicted with any of the foregoing Symptoms, it must be treated in the following Manner: And first, Be- cause the Body is most commonly costive in this kind of Small-Pox, a Glyster of Milk and Sugar is necces- sary to loosen the Excrement, or, if Need be, a few Mallow Leaves may be boiled in the Milk. There is no Danger of a Loosness happening by the Use of the foregoing Glysters, in a sanguine Constitution, (tho’ it may be fear’d in a phlegmatic one.) The Glyster may be repeated every two Days, if Occasion require it, as most commonly it doth. Then, to keep the Blood within its due Bounds of Fermentation, to prevent its violent Shocks upon the Head and Viscere, and to prevent its over-bearing Heat, a plentiful Use of the following Dilutives are the Main of the Cure. Take the four lesser cold Seeds (that is, the Seeds of Succory, Endive, Lettice, Purslain,) and the Seeds of Plantain, of each two Drams; the lesser Cardamoms and Burnet Seeds, of each one Dram and an Half; Orange Seeds, two Drams; Sweet Almonds, seven in Number; Scordium, Poppy, and Viper-Grass Water, each one Pint; Make an Emul- sion, and sweeten it with Syrup of Saffron. Or, Take Sweet Almonds, twelve in Number; Seeds of Columbines, Poppy, Coriander, Carduus Bene- dictus, [13] dictus, and Cresses, of each two Drams and an Half; Whey, and Viper-Grass Water, of each a Pint and an Half: Make an Emulsion, and sweeten it with Syrup of Corn Poppies. If any Malignity appear, (in which Cafe Bleeding must not be celebrated) the Dilutives must be com- posed of Alexipharmics that is, such Things as re- sist Malignity: As, Take Seeds of Carraways and Citrons, of each three Drams and an Half; Grains of Paradise and Carduus Seeds, of each two Drams; Myrrh, one Dram; Camphire, ten Grains; Bitter Almonds, six in Number; Barley Water, one Quart; Scor- dium Water, two Pints and an Half: Make an Emulsion, which sweeten with three Ounces of dou- ble-refined Sugar; then add Treacle Water two Ounces: And if Convulsions be fear’d, add Tincture of Castor Half an Ounce, mix’d. This not only defends the Heart and Vitals against the Malignity of the Disease, but likewise at the same Time causes Expulsion of the malign Humours. The following Bolusses are of great Use to repress malign Humours from offending the vital Powers. Take of Cochineal, Saffron and Myrrh, each ten Grains; Volatile Salt of Vipers, ten Grains; Cam- phire, four Grains; Conserve of Rue, half a Dram: Make a Bolus, with Syrup of Saffron, for one Dose, To be repeated every twelve Hours. Or, Take of Mithridate, one Dram; Crabs Eyes in Powder, a Scruple; Myrrh, and Castor in Powder, B3 of [14] of each seven Grains; Syrup of Cinnamon, enough to make a Bolus: To be repeated every six Hours; and in case of a Loosness, one Grain of Laudanum may be added to the Dose that is given last at Night. If the Party should take Cold after the Eruption, so that the Pustles retreat, and he should complain of Restlessness, Sickness, and Pain at Heart, with Ap- prehensions of approaching Paintings, because of his sinking Spirits; in this Case he must be cover’d very warm in Bed, and Cordials and Sudorifics must be given to promote Sweat, and throw out the Malignity of the Humours into the Surface of the Body again; which will remove the foregoing Symptoms, and pre- vent imminent Danger: And in some Cases, where the Symptoms are urging, and great Danger suspected, we are obliged to apply Blistering Plaisters to the Calves of the Legs (though, I must confess, I do not much approve of that Way; but where there is a des- perate Disease there must be a desperate Remedy:) But if a Suppression of Urine should ensue the Appli- cation, or a Heat of Urine, drink pretty often of the following Emulsion, Half a Pint at a Time. Take Sweet Almonds, blanch’d, two Ounces; Cucumber and Melon Seeds, of each three Drams, beat into a Paste, with two Pints of Barley Water, Half a Pint of White Wine, four Ounces of Com- pound Horse-Reddish Water, and two Ounces of Syrup of Marshmallows: Make an Emulsion. Or they may drink a large Draught of Whey, with ten or twelve Grains of Gum Arabic dissolved in each Draught. A Decoction of Tares and Yarrow is very good to bring out the Small-Pox or Measles, and to keep up the Small-Pox, that they do not drop or flatten before the [15] the proper Time, which sometimes they are very apt to do, and do prove very dangerous. If the Small-Pox threaten Danger to the Eyes, or if the Eye-Lids ulcerate, and are like to grow together, --for the former Case,--Drop very often in a Day White Rose Water into them, wherein Saffron has been infused.—- In the latter Case,--Open the Eye-Lids gently, and put Leaf Gold or Silver between them, as often as there is Occasion, and the Ulcers of the Eye Lids may be wash’d with Lime and Rose Wa- ter, mix’d and warm’d, often in a Day. If a Cough should be very troublesome, let their common Drink be a pectoral Decoction of Hyssop, Coltsfoot and Liquorice, sweeten’d with Syrup of Maiden-Hair. To defend the Throat and Mouth from the Small- Pox, externally apply a double Piece of Flannel from Ear to Ear, as a Stay; and let there be Saffron and Wood Lice inclos’d in it, and then steep it in brandy and apply it. A Gargle may be made with a Decoction of Black- berry and Strawberry Leaves, sweeten’d with Honey and Syrup of Saffron; or an Infusion of Saffron in White Wine, to be used warm. If the Small-Pox should retreat, because of a Loos- ness, give the following every two Hours, or three if ’tis required. Take Mithridate, one Dram; Oil of Cinnamon, six Drops; Laudanum, one Grain; mix'd: Or a few Drops of Alkermes in a Glass of Sack is very good at such a Time. If Choaking be fear’d, give a Vomit out of Hand: To a grown Person, Ipecacuanhæ, half a Dram: For Children of three, four or five Years old, fifteen Grains; and repeat it once more, if there be Occasion. When [16] When the Party is a little recover’d, a gentle Purge may be given. The following is very good; Take Rhubarb, two Scruples; Saffron, Cream of Tartar, and Salt of Wormwood, of each eight Grains: Mix for a Powder, to be taken in a Morn- ing, and repeated again three or four times, as the Party gets Strength. Some Persons anoint the Face with a Liniment of Spermaceti, or Pomatum, &c. to prevent pitting; but I hold it best to wash the Face and large Scars with Lime Water, wherein a little Sal-armoniac has been dissolved, to dry the Pustles before they anoint; for anointing the Scabs or Pustles before they are dry at the Bottom, occasions them to eat and fret in fur- ther and deeper than they would if they were not to be anointed. Most People divide the Small-Pox into Distinct and Confluent Kinds: After a narrow Scrutiny you will find, that the Distinct Kind of Small-Pox happens in a phlegmatic Constitution, and the Confluent Kind in a sangnine one; because, in the former there is but lit- tle Heat and Fever to expel the morbid Matter; whereas in the latter Constitution there is great Heat, Fever, &c. which causes a plentiful Expulsion of the Exanthematic Humour. By considering the Constitu- tion of the Party, you may foretel whether the Small- Pox will be of the Distinct or of the Confluent Kind, as I have often done: Yet thus much I allow. That a preposterous use of Cordials, hot Liquors, and a too hot Regimen in general, in a phlegmatic Conttitution, may so inflame the Blood, that thereby the morbid Matter may be thrown out so plentifully, as to cause a Confluent Pox. And, On the other Hand, a too cold Regimen, in a san- guine Person, may prevent the due Expulsion of the morbid [17] morbid Matter; and so, instead of a Confluent Pox, a Distinct Kind is only produced, because, as was said before, the Heat, which does promote Expulsion, is debilitated by an unreasonable Use of cold Remedies. The Cure of the phlegmatic Small-Pox differs as much from that of the sanguine Kind, as the Cure of any other different Distemper. I seldom administer any Remedies in a Benign Small- Pox, if I see Nature (as most commonly she is) able to overcome the Disease herself. I can safely say, that more People are lost through a preposterous Use of needless Remedies, (which destroy the regular Ferment, and check the expulsive Efforts of Nature) than thro' the Vehemence of the Disease. If any Medicines are needful 'tis in the Malignant Kind of Small-Pox, and not in the Benign Kind; for of this latter Sort there are thousands of Instances of People recover’d with- out any Physical Means at all. If Nature should be slow and deficient in throwing out the morbific Matter,’tis necessary then to help to promote Expulsion with the following expulsive Ju- leps, which seldom fail in such a Case. Take Poppy, Rue and Treacle Water, of each one Ounce and an Half; Elixir of Camphire, two Drams; Syrup of Corn Poppies, one Ounce; mix’d. If a Loosness be fear’d, or present, twenty or thirty Drops of the Tincture of Opium may be added. The Dose is one or two Spoonfuls every two or three Hours. An Inflammation or Swelling in the Legs usually comes on as the Distemper is going off, and the Occa- ion seems to be from the Matter falling down, or from eating too freely of Flesh Meat before they have gone through a proper Course of Physick, and walking too soon, before the Juices of the Blood are purify’d by bleeding, purging, &c. C Some- [18] Sometimes the before-mention Disorders degene- rate into Ulcers, which ought to be dressed with a Tent or Pledget, according to the Depth of the Wound; and you should dip your Tents or Pledgets in the Yellow Basilicon, or the Ointment of Gum Elemi, a little warm, and lay over them a Plaister of Turners, Cerate, and that will cool the Inflammation in a great Measure. If fungous Flesh appear in the Wound, let your Tents or Pledgets be dry Flax or Hurds for some Dressings. If Weakness or Inflammation should happen, as sometimes it doth, to one or both Eyes, make a Col- lyrium with Spirits of Wine, campherated, two Ounces; Rhafis's White Troches, half a Dram; White Rose Water, five Ounces: Wash the Eyes three or four Times in a Day, and keep the Air from them. If this will not do, you may apply a Blister to the Neck, and make it perpetual, if Occasion; or, cut an Issue: And Bleeding is very convenient, and proper Evacua- tions should be given. The following is a very good Purge to take off Inflammation in the Eyes. Take Syrup of Buckthorn, and Cream of Tar tar, half an Ounce of each, mix’d, for one Dose for an adult Person; and it may be mitigated ac- cording to the Age and Strength of the Patient. Or, Take Pill Ruffi. half a Dram, or two Scruples; make it into five Pills, for one Dose, taking two of them at Night, and the other three the next Morn- ing: And work any of your Physick with Water- Gruel, Posset-Drink, Whey, or Tea, which the Patient can best drink. These [19] These are very good Collyriums for inflam’d Eyes. Take Calamine, levigated very fine, half a Dram, Rose Water, two Ounces, mix’d, for a Collyrium. Or, Take Tutty, levigated very fine, half a Dram, Rose Water, two Ounces, mix’d, for a Collyrium. Or, Take White Vitrol, and Sugar of Lead, of each five Grains, and Rofe Water, two Ounces, mix’d. Any of those Collyriums are good to wash inflam’d Eyes with two or three times a Day; but you should observe and take Care, that proper Cathartics are ad- mininistred before, or at the Time you use these Repel- lents, otherwise the Humours may fall on some other Parts, and do a great deal of Mischief, for Want of proper Physick in Time. FINIS.