Tuefday, June 20. 1665. At a Meeting, of the Council of the Royal Society. Ordered, THat the Oblervations upon, the Bills of Mortality by Mr. John Graunt be Printed by John Martyn and James Alle(lryy Printers to the Royal Society. BROUNCKER, PreC Natural and Political OBSERVATIONS Mentioned in a following I n d e and made upon the Bills of Mortality. BY Capt. JOHN GRAVNT, Fellow of the Royal Society. with reference to the Government, Reli~ gion, Trade3 Growth3 Air9 Difeafes , and the feveral Changes of the faid City. Nonjne Jit miretur Turhajahore^ Contentus panels LeBoribus, —— The Third Edition, much Enlarged. LONDON5 tinted by John Marty?i 3 and James Allefiry3 Printers to the Royal Society, and are to be fold at the bgn of the BeM in St. Pauls Cburch.yard. M DC LX V. TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE JOHN Lord ROBERTS, Baron of Lord Privy Seal 0 and one of His Majefties moft Honourable Privy Council1 My Lord 3 HS the favours I have received from your Lordflhip oblige me to prefent you with fome token of my gratitude : fo the efpecial Honour I have for your Lordflhip hath made me foUicttous in the choice of the Prefent. For, if I could have given your Lordfhip any choice Excerptions out of the Greek, or Latin Learning, I fhould (according to our Englijh Pro- verb) thereby but carry Coals to New- The Epiftle Dedicatory* cajlk, and but give your Lordflhip Puddle-water, who,by your own emi- nent: Knowledg in thofe learned Lan- guages,cm drink out of the very Foun- tains your felf. Moreover,to prefent your Lordftiip with tedious Narrations, were but to fpeak my own Ignorance of the Value, which his Majefty, and the Publick, have of your Lordfihip’s Time. Ansfin brief, to offer any thing like whatfs al- ready in other Books, were but to-de- rogate from your Lordffiips learning, which the world knows to be univer- fal, and unacquainted with few ufeful things conteined in any of them. Now having(I know not what acci- dent) engaged my thoughts upon the Bills of Mortality, and fo far fucceeded therein,as to have reduced fevcral great The Epiftle Dedicatory. confufed Volumes into a few perfpicu- ous Tables, and abridged fuch Obferva- thus as naturally flowed from them, into a few fuccinft Paragraphs,without any long Series of multiloquiout Dedu- ctions,l have prefumed to facrifice thefe my fmall, but firft publifh’d, Labours unto your Lordfhip,as unto whofe be- nign acceptance of fome other of my Papers, even the birth of thefe is due ; hoping(if I may without vanity fay it) they may be of as much ufe to perfons in your Lorfhips place, as they are of little or none to me, which is no more than the faireft Diamonds are to the Journeymen Jueller that works them, or the poor Labourer that firft dig’d them from the Earth. For with all humble fubmiffion to your Lordftiip 1 con- ceive, That it doth not ill becom a Peer 7he Epiftle Didicatory. of the Parliaments Member of hk Make- file's Council,to confider how few ftarve of the many that beg:Thatthe irreligi- ous Propofals of fome,to multiply peo- ple by Polygamy, is withal irrational, and fruitless : That the troublefome feclufions in the Plague-time is not a remedy to be purchafed at vaft incon- veniencies: That the greateft Plagues of the City are equally , and quickly repaired from the Country: That the wafting of Males by Wars and Colonies do not prejudice the due proportion between them and Females: That the opinions of Plagues accompanying the Entrance of Kings, is falfe, and fediti- ous ; That London , the Metropolis of perhaps a Head too big for the Body,and poffibly too ftrong:Thac this Head grows three times as faft as The Epijlle Dedicatory. the Body unto which it belongs;that is, It doubles its People in a third part of the time: That our Petrifies are now grown madly difproportionable: That our Temples are not futable to our Religi- on: That the Trade fie very City of Lon- don removes Wejlward: That the walled City is but a fifth of the whole Pyle ; That the old Streets are unfit for the prefent frequency of Coaches: That the paffage of Lndgate is a throat too ftreight for the Body: That the fight- ing men about London are able to make three as great Armies as can be of ufe in this Ijland : That the number of Heads is fuch, as hath certainly much deceived fome of our Senatours in their appointments of Poll-money, &c.Now, although your Lordlhip’s moft ex- cellent Difcourfes have well informed The Epijile Dedicatory. me, That your Lordfhip is no ftrangef ta clicfe Pdfitions; yet becaufc I knew not, that your Lordfhip had ever deduced them from the Bills of Mor- tality , I hoped it might not be un- grateful to your Lordfhip, to fee unto how much profit that one Talent might be improved, befides the many curiofities concerning the waxing and waning of Difeafes , the relation between healthful and fruitful Seafons, the difference between the City and the Country Air, &c. All which being new, to the beft of my know- ledge , and the whole Pamphlet not two hours reading, I did make bold to trouble your Lordfhip with a per- ufal of it, and by this humble Dedi- cation of it, let your Lordfhip and the world fee the Wifdom of our City, The Epijlle Dedicatory. in appointing and keeping thefe Ac- corapts, and with how much affe&ion and fucceft, lam, My Lord\ Birchen* lane, 25 January i66\ 2 Tour Lordjhips moft obedient, and moft faithful Servant, John Graunt. To the Honourable Sr Robert Moray,Knight, One of His Majeftie’s Privy Council for His Kingdom of Scotland\ and Prejident of the Royal Society of Pbilofo- pbers meeting at Grejham-Col- lege} and to the reft of that honourable Society. SHe Obfervations which I hap- pened to make (fori defigned them not') upon the Bills of Mortality have fain out to be both Poli- tical why the Accompts of Burials and Jhonld be kept univerfallyy and *°w called for3 and perufed by the Magi- firate, p.21 f true Accompf of the Plague cannot be kgpt without the Accompt of other Difea- p.22 he Ignorance of the Searchers no impe* The Index. diment to the keeping of and ufe' full Accompts p.2^ 6. That about one third of all that were evd quiche, die under five years old, and V bout thirty fix per Centum under fib pag.2< 7. That two parts of nine die of Acute, aw feventy of two hundred twenty nine o\ Chronical Difeafes, and four of two hut' dred twenty nine of outward Griefs, pag 28,2? 8. A table of the Proportions dying of thl mefl notorious, andfermtdable Difeafes, d Cafualties, , p.f 9. that fcven per Centum die of Ag^ pagg' 10. that feme Difeales, and Cafualties keepf confiant proportion, whereas fome other ad very irregular. * p.fj 11. That not above one in four thoufand ad Starved, p.^4 12. that 71 were better to maintain all Beg' gars at the Charge, though earniri nothing, than to let them beg about $ Streets , and that employing them withal diferetion, may do more harm than go0®. 15. that not one in two thoufand are MurtW The Index. red in London., with the Reasons thereof t . . ?‘39 14. That not one in fifteen hundred dies Lu- natick, p.40 That few of thofe, who die of the French- Pox., are fit down, but coloured under the Confumption, &c. p.44,45 *6. That the Rickets is a new DifeafiJ both as to name, and things that from fourteen dying thereof An. 1634, it hath gradually encreafed to above five hundred. An. i66c. 1 . - J4&47 V• there is another new Difeafe appear- 7ng?as A Stopping of the Stomach, which hath encreafed in twenty years 0 from fix to near three hundred, p.50 That the Rifing of the Lights (Juppofedin mofl Cafes to be the Fits of the Mother) have alfo encreafed in thirty years, from fourty four, to two hundred fourty nine^ i , . P-5M2 A9* That both the Stopping of the Stomachy and Rifing of the Lights, are probably Re- tires of or depending upon the Rickets, p.54 2°* That the Stone deer safes, and is' wearing avpay> p.55 The Gout(lands at a ft ay, p.5d The Index; 'll. The Scurvie encreafes, p, 5^ $%. The Deaths by reafon of Agues, are M thofi caufed by Fevers 3 m one to fourlf ibid* 24. Abortives, and Stilborn, to thofe thd are Chriftned , are as one to twenty>. pag. 5/ 25. face the differences in Religion, Chriftnings have been negletfed half half ibi^ $6. That not one Woman in an hundred diet in Child-bed5 nor one of two hundred H1 her Labour, ibid* 27. Three Keatons why the Regift ring of Chih dren hath been negletted, p. 58 28. There was a confujton in the Ac comp ts of Chryfoms, Infants, and Convulsions 5 bui rectified in this Difcourfi, p. 5 9 29. There hath been in London, within thd Age, four times of great Mortal ity.zvz;. Afl' no 1592,1605,16255 a?td 1636, whereof that of 160% was the greatejl, p. 64 go. Annis 1603, and 1625, about a fifth pad of the whole eight times more ihaft were born, p. 65 31. That a fourth part more die of the Plague than arefet down, pf6 32. 7 he Plague Anno 1603 la fed eight years, The Index. that in 1639 twelveyears ,but that in 1625 continued hut one Jingle year p.70 %%.That Alterations in the Air do incompara- bly more operate as to the Plague, than the Contagion of Converfe, ibid. 34. That Purples , Small-Pox , and other malignant Difeafes, fore-run the Plague, p.71 35* A difpojition in the Air towards the Plague doth aljo dijpofe Women to Abor- tions, p.74 36. That as about one fifth part of the whole peo- ple died in the great P\ague-years,fo two ether fifth parts fed, ibid, which foews the large relation, and interefl3which the Lon- doners have in the Country, ibid. 3 7'That {he the Plague great or fin all) the City is fully re-peopled within two years P-75 3o. The years, 161S, 20, 23, 24,32, 33, 34, 1649, 52> 54> 563 5wd 61, were fickly pears, p.78 3$*The more fickly the year is,the lef fertile rf Births, ibidl 4®* That Plagues alwaies come in with Kings Reigns is mof f alfe, P.80 ?he Autumn, or the Fallfsth: mcjtun- healihfullfeajon, ifid. The Index., 42, That in London there have been twelve Burials for eleven chrijlnings, p.S i 43. That in the Country there have been, con- t rary-wife , fixty three Chrijlnings for fifty two Burials, p.83 4\.A Suppofition,that the people in and about London, are a fifteenth part of the people -• of all England, and Wales, ibid. 4 %.That there arc about fix Millions and an half of people in England, and Wales, ' 'r p.84 4.6. 7hat ike'people in the Country double by Procreation but in two hundred and eighty years, and in London in about fiventy5 as hereafter will be Jbewn the rcafon where- of is5 that many of the Breeders leave the Country, and that the Breeders of Lon- don come fiom all parts of the Country, finch perfons breeding in the Country almofi onely as were born there, but in London multitudes of others, p.g^ 47. That about 6cco per Annum come up to London out of the Country, p.85 48.7kat in London about three die yearly out of eleven Families, p.g^ 49. There arc about twenty five Millions of acres of Land in England, and Wales, p.88 The Index. 50. Why the Proportion of Breeders in Lon-1 don, to the refi of the people, is lefithan jn the Country, ibid. in London are more impediments of Breeding, than in the Country, 52. That there are fourteen Males for thir* teen Females in London, and in the Country but fifteen Males for fourteen Fe- males, p.93 53- Polygamy ufelefs to the multiplication of Man-kind) without Caftrations, 54. Why Sheep, and Oxen out-breed Foxes, and other Vermin-Animals, p.96 5 5. There being fourteen Males to thirteen Fe- males , and Males being prolifique forty years, and Females but twenty five, it fob lows, that in efi'ett there be 5 60 Males to 325 Females, p.98 56. The faid inequality is reduced by the latter marriage of the Males, and their imploy- ment in Wars, Sea-voyages, and Colo- - nLe,S? • , P-99 5 7» Phyficians have two Women Patients to one Man 5 and yet more Men die then Wo- men, ibid. 58. Phe great emijjton of Males into the Wars out of London Anno 1642 was infiantly fipphed, ibid. The Index. 59* Caftration is not ufed only to meliorate the flejb of Eatable Animals, but to promote their increafe alfo, p. I o 2 60. The true ratio formalis of the evil of A- dulteries and Fornications, pao^ 61. Where Polygamy is allowed, Wives can be no other then Servants, p.104 62. That ninety feven, andfxteen Parijhes of London are in twenty years eucreafed from feven to twelve, and in forty years from twenty three to fifty two p. 161 63. The fixteen Parifejes have encreafedfarther then the ninety feven, the one having en- creafed but from nine to ten in the faid. forty years pa 08 64. The ten Out-Parifijes have in fifty four years encreafed from one to four, p. 111 6 5. The ninety feeven fixteen, and ten Parifejes have infifty four years encreafed from two to five, ibid. 66. What great Houfes within the Walls have been turned into Tenements, ibid. 67. Cripplegate-Parifh hath mofi encreafed See. ibid. 68. The City removes Weftwards, with the reafons thereof p.113 69. Why Ludgate is become too narrow a throat for the City, p.i ij. The Index. 70. there be feme Parijkes in London two hundred times as big as others, P-115 71. 'the natural bignefs and Figure of a Church for the Reformed Religion, p.116 72. The City of London and Suburbs, being equally divided, would make 100 Parijhesy about the largnefs of Chrilt-churchj Black- friers, or Colemanftreet, ibid. 73. There are about 24000 Teeming women in the ninety feven ten Parifees in and about London, p. 121 74 That about three die yearly out of eleven Families containing each eight perfons3 ibid. 75- There are about 12000 Families within the walls of London, p.i 24 7 6.7 he hoofing of the fxteen and ten Suburb- Parifees is thrice as big as that of the ninety feven Parifees within the walls, ibid. 77. The number of fouls in the ninety feven, fxteen, and two out-Parifees is about 384000 ibid. 78. Whereof 199000 are Males, and 185000 Females, ibid. 79- A Table (hewing of 100 quicks conceptions how many die withinfix tears, how many the next Dec ad, and fi for every Decad p.125 The Index. Sc.Tables, whereby may be collected how many there be in London of every Age AJftgnd, p. 12 6 Si. 7hat there be in the 97, 16, and ten Pa- rifles near 70000 Fighting Men, that is, Men between the Ages, of 16, and 56,ibid. 82. Jhat Weftminfter, Lambeth, Iflington, Hackney, Redrifl, Stepney, Newington, contain as many people as the 97 Parifties within the walls, and are confquently * of the whole Pile. ibid. 83. So that in, and about London are about 81000 Fighting men, and 460000 in all, P-12 7 84. Adam and Eve in 5610 years might have bythe ordinary proportion of Procreation, . begotten more people, than are now probably upon the face of the earth, p. 128 85. Wherefore the World cannot be older than the Scriptures reprefentit. ibid. 86. That every Wedding one with another produces four Children, P-129 Jhat in feveral places the proportion be- tween the Males and Females differ, ibid. 88. Jhat in ninety years there were juft as ma- ny Males as Females Buried within a cer- tain great Parijh in the Countrey. p. 13 o 80. Jhat a Parijh, conffting of about 2700 The Index. Inhabit had in 90years but 1059 wore Chriftningsjhan Burials,, ibid. 90. There come yearly to dwell at London a- bout 6000 fir angers out of the Countrey, which fa ells the Burials about 2CO per Annum;, p.132 91. In the Country there have beenfive Chrift- nings/or/w Burials., ibid. 92. A Confirmation3 that the mojl healthful years are alfo the mofi fruitful., p. 1*5^ 93. The proportion between the greated:, and lead: mortalities 3 in the Countrey are greater than the fame in the City 5 p. 1 3 7 94. The Countrey Air more capable of good, and bad imprejjions 5 than that of the Cityy ibid. 95. The difference alfo of Births are greater in the Countrey, then at London, p.139 96. In the Countrey but about one of fifty dies yearly3 but at London one of thirty5 over and above the Plague. p.141 97. London not fo healthful now as heretofore, p.142 98. It is doubted whether encreale of people, or the burning of Sea-coal were thecaufe, or both? ibid. 99* The Art of'making of Gold would be nei- ther benefit to the Worldi or the Arti(l0p. 145 The Index. 100. The Elements of true Policy are to tin- derfiand throughly the Lands., and hands of any p.147 ICI. T)pon what confederations the value of Lands doth depend\ p. 148 102. And in what ibid. 105. Some of the few benefits of having a true Accompt of the people., ibid. 104. That but afmall part of the whole people are imployed upon necejjary ajf tirs, p. 15 o 105. That a true Accompt ot people is ne- cefiaryfir and Trader/ themj andfor their peace and plenty,ibid. 106. Whether this Accompt ought to be confin- ed to the Chief Governours. p. 15 2 THE PREFACE- Aving been born, and bred S fill B in le City of London, and having always dbfervcd, that moft of them, who conftantly took in the weekly Bills of Mortality> made little other ufe of them* than to look at the foot, how the Buri- als increafed, or deefeafed ; and, a- ffiong the Cafualties, what had happen- ed fare, and extraordinary in the week current: fo as they might take the fame as a Text to talk upon in the next Company ; and withal, in the Plague- time, how the Sicknefs increafed, or de- creafed,that fo the Rich might judg of the neceffity of their removal, *nd Trades-men might conjefture what do- ings they were like to have in their re- fpettive dealings : 2, Now,I thought that theWifdom of oiir City had certainly defigned the laudable pra&ice of taking, and diftri- buting thefe Accompts, for other, and greater ufes, thanthofe above-menti- oned, or at lead, that lome other ufes might be made ot them : and thereup- on leading mine Eye upon fo many of the General Bills, as next came to hand ., ilrfoiind encouragement from them, tb look out all the Bills I could, and (to hi, fhort) to;fornifh my felf with as much matter of that kind, even as the Hall of the Parijb-Clarks could afford me ; the which when I had re- duced into Tables (the Copies whereof are here inferted) fo as to have a view of the whole together, in order to the more ready comparing of one Tear Seafon, Parijh, or other Divifion of the City, with another, in refpeft of all the Burials, and Chrijinings, and of all the Bifeafes> and Cafualties, happening in each of them reipeftively ; I did then begin not onely to examine the Con- ceits,Opinions, and Conjectures, which upon view of a few fcattered Bills I had taken up ; but did alfo admit new ones, as I found reafon, and occafion from tfty Tables. 3. Moreover, finding fome and not commonly-believed Opini-* °ns, to arife from my Meditations up-* on thefe negle&ed Papers, T proceeded further, to confider what benefit the knowledg of the fame would bring to the World; that I might not engage my felf in idle, and ufelefs Specu- lations : but, (like thofe Noble Virtuofi of Greftarn-College, who reduce their fubtile Difquifitions upon Nature into downright Mechanical ules ) prefent the World with fome real Fruit from thofe ayrie Bloffoms. 4. How far 1 have fueceeded in the Premises, I now offer to the World’s cenfure. Who, I hope, will not ex- pert from me, not profeffing Letters, things demonftrated with the fame cer- tainty, wherewith Learned men deter- mine in their Scholes; but will take it well, that I fhould offer at a new thing, and could forbear prefuming to med- die where any of the Learned Pens have ever touched before, and that I have taken the pains, and been at the charge of fetting out thofc Tables, whereby all men may both correft my raife others of their own. For here- in I have, like a filly Schole-boy, com- ing to fay my Leflon to the World(that Peevifh, and Tetchie Mafter) brought a bundle of Rods, wherewith to be whip’d for every miftake I have com- mitted. Chap. I. Of the Bills of their beginnings andprogrefs. THe firft of the continued, weekly Bills of Mortality extant at the Hall, begins the twenty ninth of December 1603, being the firft year of King James his Reign; finee when a weekly Aceompt hath been kept there of Burials ahd Chrifhings. It is true, There were Bills before, vi%. for the years but fb interrupted finee, that i could not de- pend upon the fuffi biehty of them., ra- ther relying upon thofe Accompts, which have been kept finee in as to all the ufes I fhall make of them. 2. I believe, that the rife of keep- ing thefe Accompts was taken from the Plague; for the faid Bilk (for ought appears ) firft began in the faid year 1592, being a time of great Mortality; and, after fome dif-ufe, were refumed again in the year 1603, after the great Plague then happening likewife. 3# Thefe Bills were Printed, and publifhed, not onely every week on thurfdays0 but alfba general Accompt of the whole Year was given in upon the Thurfday before Chrijlmas-day: which faid generalAccompts have been prefented in the feveral manners fol- lowing, vi%. from the Year the Year 1624, inclufive, according to the Pattern here inferted. 1623. 1624. The general Bill for the whole Year, of all the Burials, and Chriflnings, as well within the City of London., and the Liberties thereof, as in the Nine out- Parifhes adjoyning to the City, with the Pejl-houfe belonging to-the fame: trom Thurfday the a 8 h* of December 1623 to Thurfday the 16th of December 1624. according to the Report made to the King’s moft Excellent Majcfly by the Company of the Parifh-Clerks of London. BUricd this Year Ifi the fnmfcore and ferenteen Panlhes of London withm the Walls, ip*- Whereof, of the Plague. ; * .. .... Buried this Year in the Hxteen Pauflhes of London," iJnd .lie ?eft-bo*fe^iirig within the Liberties, and tvuhout the wafts, ■ •*»** —”T~ „ S9H- Whereof, of the Plague, The tvhole fumm of all the Bu/iaU in Ltydony3nd ‘the Liberties thereof, is this Year, ———— 93*9. whereof, of the Plague, -— ■-— —-a—- Buried of the Plague without the Liberties, in Middlefex, and Surrey this whole Year, — Chriftened in London, and the Liberties thereof, this. Year, • o' Buried this Year in the Nine ouf-Pari(lies, adjoyn- ing to London, and out of the Freedom, —- -— 63^8. *9oo. Wheieof, of the Plague ——-- —-— —5. The Total of all the Burials In the places altbrefaid is — 1 * no. Whereof, of the Plague, n. Chriftened in all the afo-efaid places this Year,-——819^. Parifhes clear of the Plague, —*-* ~—'ti6. JPariffres, that have been Inlefledjbis Year,——-—6. 4. In the Year 1625 every Parifh was particularized, as in this follow- ing Bill: where note, That this next year of Plague caufed the Augmenta- tion, and Correction of the Bills: as the former year of Plague did the ve- ry being of them. 1624. 1625. A general , or great Bill for this Year, of the whole number of Burials, which have been buried of all Difea- fes, and alfo of the Plague in every Pariflh within the City of London,and the Liberties thereof; as alfo in the nine out-Parifhes adjoyning to the faid City ; with the Peft-houfe be- longing to the fame : from Thurfday the i6rh day of December, 1624. co Thurfday the i5'h* day of December, 1625. according to the Report made to the King’s mod: Excellent Majcfty by the Company of Parifh-Clcrks of London. LONDON, Bur. P/rf£. 78 i A 2 37/ AlhailoWS L 0 NP 0 » •> / Bur. Pl*&> Alhallows BieaUllieet"—— .34 1 T $ IOJ Alballows the Great- Ainaiiow* nony*«auc /lluaiiows tne i«is — - -0)7 Alballows in Lqmbardftreet 138 fllU4HOW5 diauuilga ' - a juiiaiiaws me wan *53 190 101 ‘49 191 1x8 31 43 14 57 14 t3* O aiipnage x_,uppie gait Andrew. nuDDaro- Andrews Undetftiaft——— - ,n . t Andrews by Wardrobe—’——" f Hi 37 J Anns at Alderfgate ' —If » jftnns ela Jc-rticrs Antnouns i'anin ——— ** nutans rarnn — ■ - — Bartholomew at the Exchange ■ 51 D«uici»ai rauu wimu ■ cennets-snearnug-— L / Botolphs Bflliogs-gate ' r : ’■ - ■ 99 . C® 37i x8 - 40 C-, <0 - , —22 < jy wjr 49 tel 45 Dunttans in-tjie Eaft - ■; ■—— —* j D j .pumuiiua x.umuafuiiieci — ’ jjtneiworow in CUftops-gate — y *9 St, Fofters in Fofter-laije——•— ' *49 1 OX Gabriel rcn-Cnurcn*— — - 1 1 ' ‘ 71 54 *f r'9^ 7 1 TO 9 79 Georges Botolpbs lane — 1 1' ".30 Gregories by Pams 1 -1.- - Hellens in Bilhops-gate ltreet james Dy oarllCK nun JUUI1 uapuit — John fcvangehlt "— ~ » V is: John Zacharies— ———— James Dukes-place —-—-*—•“ Katherine Colcmanftreet - -■ - T 43 t—. —»—— x6 L OND ON, ♦ Bnr. ■ ■ 4 Q £ Pi*. I7i 5S 127 16 0 * lor 5 Magnus Parifh by the Bridge Margarets Lothbury — ~ 19l 109 <4 — —Ji7 ,,4 Margarets new Fifhftreet .— Margarets pa'ttnns — 57 81 123 Mary A^>-Ch,Jrcb — *- - 77 *• S8 * 98 Mary Ajdermary ■ — T— *— I» 6 79 S 4 “ ?l Maiy Both aw —— — —— 35 *9 M Mary at the Hill -——•■- - Mi U n 76 S» —■ — ■— 170 191 Mary Woolchurch ——— Mary Woolnoth — _ 70 44 5? Martins Trnnmnngf r-lane' — - - ... — — 01 So 18 1*4 Martins at Ludgate ———-- Martins Orgars —- ———- — Martins Outwich ———— —- Martins in the Vintry -—■ 1 Matthew Friday-fbeec — ■— %lt 88 47 60 30 zo8 — ' — 339 ——24 H Maudlins Old-fiili-fti^et ***•■ ■ - 401 H 14% 139 79 91 r57 30 61 69 44 44 Michael CorniHill M’chael Crcoked-lane —— Michael ■■■— " —— 199 159 ■— 144 M'chael in the Rova] — III — —■— 189 M>chaelin Wood-ft.cet . Mildreds Bred-ftreet — - Mildreds Poultrrv . . Aeon? .... — ■— 94 LOU DO .V, Bur. TUg. Nicholas Coal-Abby • 87 67 70 43 Olaves in Hart-ftreet — — 1(6 »9f Olaves in the Jewry •—— .— 45 xf Olaves in Silver- ftreet »74 103 P ancras by Soper lane - 17 8 f8 44 218 78 Peters at Pauls Wharf 97 6 S Peters Poor in Broad ftreer 17 Stevens in Coalman ftreet Jo6 3f° Stevens in Walbrook 15 *3 Swithins at London- ftone 99 60 141 l O7 Trinity Parifh — ■ ■ 148 87 Buried within the 97 Purifies within the Walls, of all Oi- feafes, 1414° Whereof, of the Plague, 9197 Andrews in Holborn — — 11^0 if 36 Bartholmew the Great 516 3*0 Bartholmew the Lefs — III l ,ij8 j Botolrh Algare M73 16J3 Bridewel Ptecinft ii? Botolphs Bifhops gate _ *334 714 Botolphs Alders-gate — *78 307 Dunftancs the Wefl — 860 6 4i G*org*s Southwark ifo8 9tx Giles Cripplegare 3988 1338 Olaves in Southwark 368, 1609 Saviours in Southwark 174s 1671 Sepulchres Paridi — „ " 34i? 1410 Thomas in Sou'hwark 33? 177 Trinity in the Minories 131 87 At the Peft-houfe 194 189 B uried in the 16 Parifltes without the Wallt, (land- ing pert within the Liberties, and part without. in Middlefex, and Surrey, and at t he Pefl-houfe. i6?711 Whereof, of the Vl • 171T ? Buried in the nine out-Parilhes. Clements Temple-bar- Giles in the Fields — * 1284 75f 947 James at Clarken-well 1191 903 Katherins by the Tower 99 8 744 Leonards in Shoreditch — — >995 1407 Martins in the F elds — I47c» 973 Mary White chapel 33°5 l 2 7L MagJalens Berniondfey 1117 889 Savoy Parifh • 150 176 Juried in the nine out Parilbes, in Middlejex, and Surrey1 x 9? $ Whereof of 1 he Plague, . 9067 The Total of all the Burials of all Difeafes, within the’ Walls, without the Walls in the Liberties, in Mid i dlefex■ and Surrey : with the nine 0 ut-Barifoes }andy the Peft henfe. 'U**$ whereof, Buried of the Plague, this prefentyear is-3 f 417 Chriflnmgs this prefentyear, is 6985 Parijhe s clear this year, is • * Parijhts m ft Bed this year, is I 5. In the Year 1626, the City of Weftminfter, in imitation of London, was inferted; The grofs accompt of the Burials, and Cbrifltnwgs, with diftin- Sion of the Plague being onely taken notice of therein ; the fifth, or laft Canton, or Lined-fpacc, of the (aid being varyed into the form fol- lowing, vi^. Buried—471 Plague 13 Chriflnings^6i In JVeJlminfter this Year< 6. In the Year 1629, an accompt of the Difeafes, and Cafualties, whereof any dyed, together with the diftindti- on of Males and Females, making the fixth Canton of the Bill, was added in manner following. The Canton of Cafualties, and of the Bill for the Tear 1632, being of the fame form with that of 1629. The Difeafes, and Cafualties this Tear being 1632. ABortive, *f)d Stilhorn — - ~4(J Affrighted • ——: — i A fed •— 6:8 Ague * 4 3 Apoptex, andMeagrom '—• *—" 17 Bit with a mad dog — ■——— j Bloody ffux,fcowring,and flux —.——- 348 Brufed, HTues, fores, and ulcers, —— " ■ ■" at Burnt) and Scalded ——>— - - — y Burft) and Rupture »- ■■ ■ — ■ — —9 Cancer, and Wolf I — 10 Canker __ x Childbed *—- . _— _____ 17£ Chrilomes, and Infants — —- 2268 Cold, and —— yy Ceilick, Stone,and Strangury— > 56 Confirmption——— - - 1797 Convulfion — — — - in Cut of the Vi-nr.. ■ - - ~-y Uead intheftreet, and ffarved 6 roPfie, and Swelling — z3 Tiffick — 34 Vomiting —~ 1 Worms — a 7 Males-—4994" Females-45 90 L.In all -9584 B tried Males—*4931'' Females 4*03 In all-- -9535' Whereof, >of the I Plague 8 Ghri- ftened Increafed in the Burials in the tzi Parifhes, sind at the P«ft>hou(e this year, * Decreafedof the Plague in the in Parifhes, and at the Peft-houfe this year, —— 6ft 7. In the year 1636, the Accompt of the Burials, and Chriftnings, in the Parishes of Iflington? Lambeth, Stepney? Newington? Hackney? and Redriff? were added in the manner following, mak- ing a feventh Canton, viz* Chriftned 440 Buried 89° Plague — In Margarets Wefi mjnjler Chriftned —? ' 3° Buried — — 113 Plague —~l- 0 TJlingiott Chriftned —' ' *32 |Buried — * 220 Plague —“ o Lambeth Chriftned %9fi Buried ——" 1406 Plague —-—1———— 0 Stepney Chriftned —— 99 Buried *—— " 18 * Plague — * ° Netowgton Chriftned — 3° * — “ 9* Plague ' 0 Hackney Chriftned — Buried ' “ Plague — ° Redriff The total of all the Burials in the fe~ veh lafi ratifies this Tear — 295® Whereof of the Blague — 0 The total of all the chrifinings^\6^$ 8. Covent-Garden being made a Pa- rifh, the nine out-Pariflhes were cal- led the ten out-Parifhes, the which in former years were but eight. 9. In the year 1660. the laft-men- tioned ten Parishes , with Iflington, Lambethy Stepney0 Newington, Hackneyy and Redrify are entred under two the one containing the twelve Parifhes lying in MiddlefeXy and Surrejy and the other the five Pa- rishes within the City, and Liberties of WeflminfleTy viz. St. Clement-Dane 5, St. Paul's-Covent-Garden , St. Martins in the Fields fit.Mary-Savcyy and St. Mar- garet s-Wcftminjler. f o. We have hitherto defcribed the feveral fteps, whereby the£>i//s ofMor- tality are come up to their prefent ftate ; we come next to shew how they are made,-and compofed, which is in this manner, When any one dies, then , either by tolling,or ringing of a Bell, or by befpeaking of a Grave of the Sexton, the fame is known to the Searchers, correfponding with the faid Sexton. 11. The Searchers hereupon* ( who are antient Matrons, fworn to their Of- fice) repair to the place,where the dead Corps lies, and by view of the fame, and by other enquiries, they examine by what Pifeafe or Cafualty the Corps died. Hereupon they make their Re- port to the Parijb-Clerk., and he,every night,carries in an Accompt of the Burials fit happening Aat Week,to the Clerk, of the Hall- On ednefday the general Accompt is made tip,and printed,and on Tburfday publi- shed, & difperfed to the feveral Fami- lies,who will pay Four An- num for them. 12. Memorandum,,That although the general yearly Bilk have been fet out in the feveral varieties afore-mentio- ned, yet the Original Entries in the Hall-boeks were as exa& in the very firft year as to all particulars, as now; and the fpecifying of Cafualties,and Di- feafes,was probably more. Chap. II. General Obfervations upon the Cafualties. ]N my Difcourfes upon rhefe Bills I shall firft fpeak of the Cajitallies,then give my Obfervations with reference to the Places and Parijbes comprehen- dcd in the Bills; and next of the Tears> and Seafom. i. There feems to be good reafon, why the Magijirate should himfelf take notice of the numbers of and Chriftningsjtiz. to fee, whether the City encreafe or decreafe in people; whe- ther it increafe proportionably with the reft of the Nation it be grown big enough,or too big,&c. But why the fame should be made known to the people, otherwife then to pleafc them as with a curiofity,I fee not, •2. Nor could I ever yetlcarn(from the many I have asked, and thofe not of the leaft Sagacity ) to what purpofe the diftinftion between Males and Fe- wales is inferred, or at all taken notice of? or why that of Marriages was not equally given in ? Nor is it obvious to every body, why the Accompt of Ca- fiialties whereof we are now fpeaking) is made ? The reafon,which feems moft obvious for this later, is,That the fate ot health in the City may at all times appear, 3. Now it may be Obje&ed, That the fame depends moft upon the Ac- compts of Epidemical Difeafes,znd upon the chief of them all,the Plague-,where- fore the mention of the reft feems only matter of curiofity. ! 4. But to this we anfwer, That the fenowledg even of the numbers, which die of the Plague,is not fufficiently de- duced from the meer Report of the Searcher's, which' only the Bills afford ; but from other Ratiocinations, and comparings of the Plague with fome Other Cajualties9 5-For we shall make it probable, that in the Years of Plague a quarter- part more dies of that Difeafe than are fet down; the fame we shall alfo prove by other Cafualties. Wherefore,# it be neceflary to impart to the world a good Accomptof fome few Cafualties, which fince it cannot well be done without giving an Accompt of them all, then is our common praftice of fo doing very apt,and rational. 6. Now, to make thefe Corrections upon the perhaps ignorant, & carelefs Searchers Reports, I confidered fkft of what Authority they were of them- felves, that is, whether any credit at all Were to be given to their Diftinguish- ments: and finding that many of the Cafualties were but matter of fenfe, as whether a Child weie Abortive or StiU born; whether men were Agtdyhbat is to fay , above fixty yeers old, or there- abouts,when they died,without any cu* rious determination; whether luch 4- g&/perfons died purely of Age, as for that Pinnate heat was quite extinft,c>r the Radical moijlure quite*dried up(for I have heard fome Candid Phyficians complain of the darknefs,which them- lelves were in hereupon ) I lay, that thefe Diftinguishments being but mat- ter of fenfe, 1 concluded thqtSearchers Report might be fufficient in the Cafe. 7. As for Confumptionsjf the Searchers do but truly Reportfas they may)wher ther the dead Corps were very lean,& worn away, it matters not to many of our purpofes,whether the Difeafe were exaftly the fame, as Phyficians define it in their Epoks.Moreover Jn cafe a man of feventy five years old died of a Cough (of which had he been free, he might have poflibly lived to ninety) I efteem it little erreur (as to many of our pur- pofes)if this Perfon be in the Table of Cafuahies,reckoned among the Aged, & not placed Under the Title of Coughs. 8. In the matters of Infants I would defire but to know clearly, what the Searchers mean by Infants,, as whether Children that cannot fpeak,as the wbrd Infant feems to fignifie,or Children un- der two or three years old, although I should not be fatisfied, whether the In- fant died of Wind, or of Teeth, or of the Convulfion, &c. or were choaked with Phlegm, or elie of Teeth, Convulfion, and Scovering,apart,or together, which,they Tty,do often caufe one another ; for, I fay, it is fomewhat to know how many die ufually before they can {peak, or how many live paft any afligned num- ber of years. 9.I fay,it is enough,if we know from the Searchers but the moft predominant Symptoms ; as that one died of the Head-Ach , who was forely tormented with it,, though the Phyftciam were of Opinion, that the Difeafe was in the Stomach. Again,if one died fuddenlyjhc matter is not great, whether it be re- ported in the Bills, Suddenly, Apoplexy, or Planet-firucken, &c. 1 o. To conclude, In many of thefe Cafes the Searchers are able to report the Ooinion of the Phyfician, who was with the Patient, as they receive the fame from the Friends of the Defunft: and in very many Cafes, fuch as Drow- riingfi c aiding, Bleeding^Vomiting^making- away themfelves^Lunatiques, Sores^Small- Poxfoc.their own fenfes are fufticient; and the generality of the World are able pretty well to diftinguifh the Gowt, Stone ftropfie-, F' alling-ficknefs, Palfie, A- gues, from another. 11. now as for thofc Cafualties, which are apteft to be confonnded,and miftaken , I (hall in the enfuing Dif- courfe prefume to touch upon them fo far,as the Learning of thefe Bills have enabled me. 12. Having premifed thefe general Advertifcments, our firft Obfervation upon the Cafualties shall be , That in twenty Years there dying of allDifea- fes and Cafualties, 229250 , that 71124 died of the Thruffj, Convulfion, Rickets, Feeth^and Worms; and as AbortivesfChry- fomesJnfantSj Liver -grown ,and Over-laid; that: is to fay,that about; of the whole died of thofe Difeafes, which we ghefs did all light upon Children under four or five Years old. 13. There died alfo of the Small-Pox, Swine-Pox, and Meajles, and of Worms without Convulfions, 1-221 o. of which number we fuppofe likewife,that about \ might be Children under fix Years old. Now,if we conlider that fixteen of the faid 229250 died of that extraor- dinary and grand Cafualty, the Plague, we shall find that about thirty fix per Centum of all quick conceptions died before fix Years old. 14. The fecond Obfervation is,That of the faid 229250 dying of all Difea- fes, there died of acute Difeafes (the Plague excepted) but about 50000, or j parts. The which proportion doth give a meafure of the State,and Difped ——* o $ I V1omittng — —1 I8. In the foregoing Obfervations We ventured to make a Standard of the healchfulnefs of the Air from the pro- portion of Acute and Epidemical difea- fes,and of the wholfomnefs of the Food from that of' die Chronical. 1 et,for as much as neither of them alone do shew the longevity of the Inhabitants,we shall in the next place come to the more ab- folute Standard, & Corrd&ion of both, which is the proportion of the Aged, viz* 15757 to the Total 229250. That is,of about 1 to 15, or 7 per Cent. Only the queftion is, what number of years the Searcher? call Aged, which I con- ceive muff be the fame that David calls fo, viz- 70. For no man can be (aid to die properly of Age, who is much lefs. It follows from hence, That if in any other Country more than feven of the 100 liv‘e beyond 70, fuch Country is to be efteemed more healthful than this of our City. 19. Be- 19. Before we fpeak of particular Cafualties, we (hall obfcrve, that among the feveral Cafualties fome bear a ftant proportion unto the whole num- ber of Burials; fuch are Chronical Di~ feafes, and the Difeafes whereunto the City is mofi: fubjed; as for Example, Confumptions, Dropfies, Jaundice, Gowt, S tone,Palfie,Scurvy, rifmgof the Lights fir Mother, Rickets, Aged, Agues, Fevers, Floody-Flux, and Scorning: nay, fome Accidents,as Grief Drowning, Men s ma- king away themfelves* and being Kill’d b feveral Accidents, &c. do the like; whereas Epidemical, and Malignant di- lates , as the Plague, Fuiples, Spotted- Fever, Small-Pox, and Meafles, do not keep that equality: fo as in fome Years, or Honeths, / there died ten times as many as in others* Chap. HI. Of Particular Cafualties. iA AY firft Obfervation is, That IV Jfew are flarved. This appears, for that of the 229250, which have died , we find not above fifty one to have been flarved, excepting help- lefs Infants at Nurfe, which being caufed rather by carelefnefs,ignorance, and infirmity of the Milch-women, is not properly an effeft, or fign of want of food in the Co un trey, or of means to get it. 2. The Obfervation which I fhall add hereunto, is,That the vaft number of Beggars farming up and down this City, do all live, and feem to be moft of them healthyy and ftrong ; where- upon I make this que ft ion, Whether, fince they do all live by begging, that is,without any kind of labour; it were not better for the State to keep them, even although they earned nothing ; that fo they might live regularly, and not in that Debauchery,as many Beg- gars do ; and that they might be cured ot their bodily Impotencies, or taught to worker,each according to his con- dition , and capacity ; or by being in feme work ( not better Undone) might be accuftomed, and fitted for labour ? 3. To this fome nlay Object , That beggars are now maintained by volun- tary Contributions, whereas in the o- ther way the fame muft be done by ge- neral Tax ; and confequently, the Ob- lefts of Charity would be removed,and taken away. D 2 4/To 4. To which we Anfwer , That in Holland,although no where fewer Beg- gars appear to charm up commifera- tion in the credulous, yet no where is there greater,or more frequent Charity: only indeed the Magiftrate is both the Beggar, and the difpofer of what is got by begging; fo as all Givers have a Mo- ral certainty, that their Charity (ball be well applied. Moicover, I queftion, Whether what we give toa Wretch, that fhews ns lamentable fores, and mutilations, be alwaies out of the pureft Charity ? that is,pure)y for God’s fake ; for as much as when we fee fuch Objefts, we then feel in our felves a kind of pain, and paffion by confent ; of which we cafe our felves, when we think we eafe them,with whom we fympathized ; or clie we befpeak afbrehand the like commiferation in others cowards our felves , when we shall (as we tear we may) fall into the like diftrefs. 6. We have faid better the Pub- keep the Beggars, though they tarried nothing., &c. But moft men will laugh to hear us fuppole,That any able to work (as indeed moft Beggars are,in one kindofmeafure or another)fhould be kept without earning any thing. But We Anfwer, That if there be but a cer- tain proportion of work to be done ; and that the fame be already done by the non-Beggars ; then to imploy the Beggars about it, will but transfer the Want from one hand to another; nor can a Learner work fo cheap as a skil- ful praftifed Artift can. As for exam- ple > a praftifed Spinner shall fpin a pound of Wool worth two {hillings {or fix pence; but a learner, underta- king it for three pence, fhall make the Wool indeed into Yarn, but not worth twelve pence. 7. This little hint is the model of the greateft work in the World, which is the making of England as confide- rable for Trade as Holland; for thefC is but a certain proportion of Trade in the world, and Holland is prepoflef- fed of the greateft part of it y" arid is thought to have morfc skill, ahd expe- rience to manage it ; wherefore, to bring England mo Holland's conditi- on, as to,tliis particular,is the fame, as to lend all the Beggars about London into the Wejl-Ccimtrey to Spin , where fhey fhall only fpoil the Clothiers Wcpl,and beggar the prefeot Spinners at beffc; but, at worft, put the whole Trade of the Countrey to a ftand, un- till the Hollander , being more ready for it,have fnapt that with the reft. 8. My next Obfer variola is,That but few are Murtheredjr iz.not above 86. of the 229250, which have died of other Difeafes, and Oafualties; whereas in Pam few nights fcape without their Tragedy. 9, The Reafons of this we conceive to b&.Tm: One is the Government, and Guard of the City by Citizens them- felves,and that alternately .No man fee- ling into a Trade for that employ- ment, And the other is, The natural and cuftomary abhorrence of that in- humane Crime, and all Bloodfbed\ by moft Englijbrnen : for of all that are Executed7 few are for Murther• Befides the' great and frequent Revolutions and Changes in Government fince the year 1650, have'been with little bloodfbed; the Vfurpers themfelves having Execu- ted few in comparifon , upon the Ac- c'oippt of difturbing their Innovations. 1 o* In brief when any dead Body is found in England\ no AJgebraiftjor Vn- clpherer of Letters, can ufe more fubtile fuppofitions,and variety of conjeSures to find out the Demonftration, or Ci- pher ; than every common unconcer- ned perfon doth to find out the Mur- therers, and that for ever, until it be done,, 11, The Lunaticks are alfo but few, -viz* 158 in 229250.though I fear many more than are let down in our Bills0 few being entred for fuch, but thofe who die at Bedlam ; and there all fecm to die of their Lunacy,who died Luna- ticks; for there is much difference in computing the number of Lunaticks, that die (though of Fevers and all o- ther DifeafeSjUntoy\\\d\Lunacy is nq> Superfedeat) and thofe that die by reafon of their Madnefs. 12.So that,this Cafualty being fo un- certain , I fhall not force my felf to make any inference from the numbers, and proportions we find , in our Bills concerning it: only I dare enfure any man at this prefent,well in his Wits,for one in the thoufand , that he fhall not die a Lunatickjin Bedlam, within thefe feven years, becaufe I find not above one in about one thoufand five hun- dred have done fo, 13. The like ufemay be made of the Accompts of men, that made away themfelves , who are another fort of Mad-men, that think to eafe them- felves of pain by leaping into Hell; or elfe are yet more Mad, fo as to think there is no fuch place ; or that men may go to reft by death, though they die in felf-murther, the greateft Sin. 14. Wefhall fay nothing of the numbers of thofe that have been Drowned, Killed by falls from Sea folds, or by Cdrts running over them, &c. be- caufe the fame depends upon the ca- fual Trade and Employment ot men, and upon matters which are but cir- cumftantial to the Seafons and Regi- ons vre live in; and affords little of that Science and Certainty we aim at. 15. We find one Cafualty in our Bills, of which, though there be daily talk, there is little effeft, much like our abhorrence of Toads and Snakes as moft poifonous Creatures, whereas few men dare fay upon their own knowledg they ever found harm by either; and this Cafualty is the French- Pox, gotten, for the moft part, not fo much by the intemperate ufe of Venery (which rather caufeth the Goutj as of many common Women. 16. I fay, the Bills of Mortality "would take oft thefe Bars, which keep dome men within bounds, as to thefe extravagancies: for in the afore- mentioned 229250, wefind not above 392 to have died of the Pox. Now, forafmnch as it is not good to let the. World be lulled into a fecurity and belief of Impunity by our Bills, which We intend fhall not be only as Death's* heads to put men in mind of their Mortality but alfo as Mercurial Statues to point out the moft dangerous ways that lead us into it and rnifery ; We shall therefore shew, that the Pox is not as thzToads and Snakgsafore-men- tioned, but of a quite contrary na- ture, together with the reafon why it appears otherwife. 17. Forafmuch as by the ordinary difcourfe of the world it feems a great part of men have, at one time or o- ther, had fome fpecies of' this Difeafe, I wondering why fo .few died of it, efpecially becaufe 1 could not take that to be fo harmlefs, whereof fo ma- ny complained very fiercely; upon enquiry I found that thofe who died of it out of the Hofpitals (efpecially that of Kings-Landj and the Lock, in Southwark.) were returned of Vlcen and Sores. And in brief, I found, that all mentioned to die of the French- Pox were returned by the Clerks of Saint Giles's and Saint Martins in the Fields only, in which place I under- ftood that moft of the vileft and moft miferable houies ofuncleannefs were: from whence I concluded, that only hated perfons, and 1'uch, whole very Nofes were eaten off, were reported by the Searchers to have died of this too frequent Malady. 18. In the next place, it shall be examined under what name, or Cafu- alty, fuch as die of thele Difeafes are brought in: I fay, under the Confump- tion; forafmuch as all dying there- of die fo emaciated and lean (their 'Ulcers dif-appearing upon Death) that the Old-women Searchers, after the mift of a Cup ol Ale, and the bribe of a two-groat fee, in (lead of one, gi- ven them,cannot tell whether this ema- ciation or leannefs were from a Phthi- fis, or from an HeSiick Fever, Atrophy, &c. or from an Infection of the Sper- matick. parts, which in length of time, and in various difguifes hath at laft vitiated the habit of the Body, and by difabling the parts to digeft their nou- rishment brought them to the condi- tion of leannefs above-mentioned. 19. My next Obfervation is, That of the Rickets we find no mention a* mong the Cafualties, until the year 1634, and then but of 14 for that whole year. 20. Now the Queftion is , Whe- ther that Difeafe did firft appear a- bout that time; or whether a Difeafe, which had been long before, did then firft receive its Name ? 21. To clear this Difficulty out of the Bills (for I dare venture on no deeper Arguments) I enquired what other Cafualties before the year 1634, named in the Bills, was moft like the Rickets; and found, not only by Pre- tenders to know it, but alfo from other Bills, that Liver-grown was the neareft. For in fome years I find Liver-grown? Spleen, and Rickets, put all together, by reafon (as I conceive) of their like- nefs to each other. Hereupon 1 added the Liver-growns of the year 1634, viz- 77, to the Rickets of the fame year, viz. 14, making in all 91: which Total, as alfo the Number 77 it felf, I compared with the Liver-grown of the precedent year 1633, vi%. 82: All which shewed me, that the Rickets was anew Djfeafeover and above, 22. Now, this being but a faint Argument, I looked both forwards and backwards, and found, that in the year 1629, when no Rickets ap- peared, there was but 94 Liver-growns ; and in the year 1636 there was 99 Liver-grown, although there were alfo 50 of the Rickets : only this is not to be denied, that when the Rickets grew very numerous (as in the year 1 £60, 521) then there appeared not a- bove 15 of Liver-grown. 23. In the year 1659 were 441 Rickets, and 8 Liver-grown. In the year 1658 were Rickets, and 51 Li- ver-grown. Now, though it be grant- ed that thefe Difeafes were confounded in the Judgment of the Nurfes, yet it is moft certain, that the Liver-grown did never but once, viz\ Anno 1630. ex- ceed 100 ; whereas Anfio i££o, Liver- grown and Rickets were 536. 24. It is alfo to be obferved, that the Rickets were never more numerous than now, and that they are ftiil ih- creafing ; for Anno 1649, there was but 190, next year 260, next after that 329-> and fo forwards, with fome little darting backwards in fome years, tintil the year 1660, which produced the greated of all. 25. Now, fuch back-dartings feem to be univerfal in all things ; for we do not only fee in the progredive mo- tion ot the wheels of Watches, and in the rowing of Boats, that there is a little darting or-jerking backwards be- tween every ftep forwards, but alfo (if I am nor much deceived) there ap- peared the like in the motion of the Moon, which in the long Tekflcopes at Grefbam-Cotiege one may fenfihlydif- cern. 26. There feems alfo to he ano- ther new Difeafe, called by our Bills The. flopping of the Stomach, fir ft menti- oned in the year the which Ma- lady, from that year to 1647, incrcafed but from 6 to.29 ; „ Anno 1655 it came to 145. In 57, to 277. In 60 to 314. Now thefe proportions far ex- ceeding the difference of proportion generally arifing from the increafe of Inhabitants, and from the refort of Advent to the City, fhews there is fome new.;Dikale0 which appeareth to the Vulgar, as A flopping oj the Stomach. 27. Hereupon I apprehended that this Stopping might be the Green-fick? rtefiy forafimich as I find few or none to have been returned upon that Ao count, although many be vifibly ftain- ed with it. Now, whether the fame be forborn out of fhame, I know not; For lince the World believes , that Marriage cures it, it may feem indeed a fhame, that any Maid fhould die un- cured, when there are more Mules than Females, that is, an overplus of Husbands to all that can be Wives. 28. In the next place, I conjeftu- rcd, that this flopping of the Stomach tHight, be the Mother, forafinuch as I have heard of many troubled with Mother-fits (as they call them) al- though few returned to have died of’ them • which conjefture, if it be true, we may then fafcly fay, That the iWb- ther-fiu have alfo increafed. 29. But I was fomewhat taken oft from thinking this flopping of the Sto- mach to be the Mother, becaufe I ghef- fed rather the Rifling of the Lights might be it. For I remembred that fome Women, troubled with the Mother- flits-, did complain of a choking in their Throats. Now, as I underftand, it is more conceivable, that the Lights or Lungs (which 1 have heard called The Bellows of the Body') not blowing, that is, neither venting out, nor taking in breath, might rather caufe fuch a Cho- )king, than that the Mother fhould rile up thither, and do it. For mc-thinks, when a Woman is with child, there is a greater rifing? and yet no fuch Fits at all 3°* But what I have faid of the Rickets and flopping of the Stomachy I do in fome meafure fay of the Rifling of the Lights alfo, vithat thefe Riflings (be they what they will) have incrca- fed much above the general propor- tion; for in 1629 there was but 44, and in 1660, 249, viz- almoft fix times as many, 31. Now forafmuch as Rickets ap- pear much in the Over-growing of ChiU drens Livers and Spleens (as by the Bills may appear) which furely may caufeflopping of the Stomach by fquee- zing and crouding upon that parr. And forafmuch as thefe Chokings or Riflings of the Lights may proceed from the fame ftuffings, as make the Liver and Spleen to over-grow their due proportion. And laftly, forafmuch as the Pickets? flopping of the Stomach? And rifling of the Lights? have ail in- creafed together, and in Tome kind of correfpondent proportions• it feeitis to me, that they depend one upon an- other. Arid that What is the Rickets in Children,- may be \the other in more grown Bodies; for furely Children, which recover of the Rickets? may re- tain fomewhat to caufe what 1 have imagined: but of this1 let the'learned' flh/icms confider, as I - prelimie they have. ( . 32. I had not medled thus far, hut that I have heard, the firft hints of the circulation of the Blood were ta- ken from a common Perfon s Won- dering what became,of all the blood Which iffued out of the heart, fince the heart beats above three thoufand times an hour, although but one drop fhould be pumpa out of it at every ftroke. 34. The Stone feeitied to decreafe : fot in 1632,33V34; there died of the Stone and Strangury 254. Arid in the Years 56, 57,58, 59, afid 1660, but Which num- bers, although indeed they be almoft equal, yet confidefing the Burials of the firft named five Years were but half thole of the lacdr, 4t fee'msf to be • t t ' \ 'Vi Vp j _ decreafed by about one half. 34. Now the Stone a(nd Strangury are DifeYes which mdff men know that feel them, unlefs it be in fome few cafes, where (as I have heard Phy- ficians fay) a- Stone is held up by die Films of the PI adder and fo kept from grating or offending it. 35. The Gout ftancls much at a ftay, that is, it anfwers the general proportion of Burials ; there dies not above one of 1000 of the Gout, al- though I believe that more die Gouty. The reafon is, becaufe thofe that have the Gouty are faid to be Long-livers; and therefore, when fuch die, they are returned as Aged. ' J © < • ■ 1 ■» * • • * • S' 36. The Scurvy hath likewife in- creafed, and that gradually from 12, Anno tp 95, 1660. 37. The Tyjfick kems to be quite worn away, but that it is probable the fame is entred as Cough or Confumption. 38. -dg&Ys-and are entred promilcuoufly, yet in the few Bills, wherein they have been diftinguifhed, it appears, that not aboye one in 40 of the whole are Agues. 39- The Abortives• and Stil-Born are about the twentieth part of thofe that are Chriftened\ and the numbers feemed the fame thirty Years ago as now, which (hews there were more in proportion in thofe Years than now: or elfe that in thefe later Years due Accounts have not been kept of the A- bortives, as having been Buried without notice, and'perhaps not in Church- Tards, r • r /,, . a 40. For that there hath been a neg-. left in the Accounts of the Chriftenings is moft certain, becaufe until the Year 1642, we find the Burials but equal with the Chriftenings, or near therea- bouts, but in 1648, when the dif- ferences in Religion had changed, the Government, the Chriftenings were but two thirds of the Burials. - And in the year 1659, not halfj the Buri- als were 14720, (of the Plague but 36) and the Chriftenings were but 5670 ; which great difproportion could be from no orher Caufe than that above-mentioned, forafmifcfi as the fame grew as the Confufions and Changes grew. HlJ: ’u 41 • Moreover, although the Bills give us in Anno 1659 but 5670 Chri- ftenings, yet they give us 421 Abor- and 226 dying in Child-Bed; whereas in the year 1631, when the Abortives were 410, that is, near the dumber of the year 1659, the Chri- ftenings were 8288. ' Wherefore by the proportion of Abortives Anno 1659, the Chrifterfings fh'ould have been about $500 : but if we fhair reckon by the Women dying in Child-Bed, of whom- a better Account is kept than of Stik Borns and Abortives, we fhall find An- 710 1659, there were 226 Child-Bed$\ and Anno 163 r > 112, not \: Wherefore I conceive that the true number of the ChriftStdgs Anno 1659 is above doirfcteto the 5690 fet down in our Bills'that about 11500, and then the dfo-iftenings wilf come near the fame proportion to die Burials; as hath been obietved in former times* n 42. In Timcs, when Ac- eounts were WeM kepty we find that not above three in 200 died in ChiM- Bed\ and that the number of Abortives was about treble to that of the Wo- men dying in Child-Bed om whence Ve may probably collet, that not ond Woman of an hundred (1 might (ay of two hundred) dies in her Labou^; forafmuch as there be other Caufes of a Woman s dying within the Month, than the hardnefs of her Labour. 45. If this be true in thefe Coun- tries, where Women hinder the faci- lity of their Child-bearing by affe&ed ftraitening of their Bodies ; then cer- tainly in America, where the fame is not praftifed, Nature is little more to be taxed a'8 to Women, than in Brutes, a- mong whom not one in fome thou- fands do die of their Deliveries: what I have; heard 0f the Irijh-Women con- firms me herein. 44* Before we quite leave this mat- ter, we iball infert the Caufes, why the Account of Chriflenings hath been neg- lected more than thatof Burials: one, and the chief whereof, was a Religious Opinion againft Baptising of Infants, either as unlawful, or unneceflary. If this were the only reafon, we might by our defe&s of this kind conclude the growth of this Opinion, and pro- nounce, that not half the People of England\ between the years 1650 and 1660, were convinced of the need of Baptizing. 45. A fecond Reafon was, The fcruples which many publick Mini- fiers would make of the worthinefs of fturents to have their Children Bapti- sed, which forced fuch queftioned Pa- rents, who did alfo not believe the ne- ceffity of having their Children Bap- tized by fuch Scruplers, to carry their Children unto fuch other Miniflers, as having performed the thing, had not the Authority or Command of the Re- gifler to enter the names ofthe Baptized. 4(>• A third Reafon was, That a little Fee was to be paid for the Re- gijiry. 47. Upon the whole matter it is moft certain, that the number of He- terodox. Believers was very great be- tween the laid year 1650 and 1660 ; and fo peevifh were they, as not to have the Births of their Children Re- giftred\ although thereby the time of their coming of Age might be known, in refpe& of fucli Inheritances as might belong unto them ; and withal by fuch Regiftring it would have ap- peared unto what Pariftj each Child had belonged,, in cafe any of them fhould happen to want its relief. 48. Of Convulftom there appeared very few, but 52 in the year 1629, which in 1636 grew to 709^ keeping about that (fay till 1659, though fomerimes riling to about loop. .49. It is to be noted, that from 1629 t0 1636, when the Convulfions were but few, the number, of Chryfoms and Infants was greater: for in 1629, there was of Chryfoms and Infants 2596, and of the Convulfion 52, viz. of both 2648. And in 1636 there was of In- fants 1895, and of the Convulfions 709; in both 2604, by which it appears, that this difference is likely to be on- ly a confufion in the Accounts. 50. Moreover, we find that for thefe later years, fince 1636, the total of Convulfions and Chryfoms added to- gether are much lefs, viz* by about 400 or 500 per Annum, than the like Totals from 1629 to 36, which makes me think, that Teeth alfo were thruft in under the Title of Chryfoms and In- fants, in as much as in the faid years, from 1629 to 1636, the number of Worms and Teeth wants by above 400 fer Annum of what we find in follow- ing years. Chap. IV. Of the Plague. i, TJ Efore we leave to difcourfe of 1.JJ the Cafualtks, we fhall add fomething concerning that greatefl Difeafe, or Cafualty of all, The Plague. There have been in London, within this Age, four Times of great Mortali- tythat is to fay, the years 1592 and 1593,1603, x^25 and 1636. There died Anno from March to December, — — 25886 Whereof of the Plague115 03: Anno 1593— —17844 Whereof ot the Plague— Chriftened in thefaid Amo within the fame fpace of time, were Buried—---—37294 Whereof of the Plague-^—30561 An. 1625,within the fame fpace-51/58 Whereof of the Plague——35417 An. 1636,from April to Decemb.*232,59 Whereof of the Plague——10400 2. Now it is manifeft of it felf, in which of thefe years mod died ; but in which of them was the greateft Mot* tality of all Difeafes in general, or of the Plague in particular, we difcover thus. In the year 1592,and 1636, we find the proportion of thofe dying of thg Plague in the whole to be near a- li]ce,that is, about i.o to 23, or 11to 251 or as about two to five. .In the year 1.625.5 we find, .the Plague to bear unto the whole in pro- portion as 35 to 51, or 7 to 10, that is almoft the triplicate pf: the former pro- portion ; for the Cubt ot 7 and the Cube of 10 being 1 aop, the faid 343 is not - of loop. < --v •. \ 4. In Anno 1603, the proportion of the PlagueX0 the whole was as 30 to 37, VIZ* as 4 to 5, which is yet greater than, the laft of 7 to 20:. For if the Year 1625 had been as great a Plague-year as 1.603, there muft have died not only 7 to 10, but 8 to 10, which in thofe great numbers makes a vaft difference. 5. Wc muft therefore conclude the Year 1603 to have been the greatcft Plague-year of this Age., & Now to know in which of thefe foitr was the grdateft Mortality at large, we reafon thus: * Buried-—-— .26400 Chriftned— 42/7 I y «~V ‘ . i 1 ■ • CA’t r Anno 1592 or as ;s i There died in the whole Year of all — 38244 Chriftned" 4784 Anno 1603 ' or as 8 1 Died in the whole Year ~ -542^5 Chriftned-6983 l to 8;or i; to ic. Anno 1625 or as 8 1 Anno 1^36 There died^f/'j^V23359 Chridned—- 9522 or as 5 2 7. From whence it appears, that Anno 1636 the Chriftenings were a- bout parts of the Burials: Anno 1592 but}; but in the Year (603,and [ 625, flot above an eighth: fo that the faid two years were the years of greateft Mortality. We faid that the year 1603 was the greateft Plague-year. And now we fay, that the fame was not a greater year of Mortality than Anno 1625. Now to reconcile thefe two Pofitions, we muft allege, that Anno 1625 there was errour in the Accounts or Diftinftions of the Cajualties; that is, more died of the Plague than were accounted for under that name. Which Allegation we alfo prove thus, 8. In the faid year 1625 there are faid to have died of the Plague 35417, and of all other Difeafes 18848 ; whereas in the years, both before and after the fame, the ordinary number of Burials was between 7 and 8000 ; fo that if we add about iiooo (which is the difference between 7 and 18) to our 35, the whole will be 46000, which bears to the whole 54000, as about 4 to 5, thereby rendring the faid year 1625 to be as great a Plague- 'S ax as that of 1603, and no greater ; Which anfwers to what we proved be- fore, vig. that the Mortality of the two years was equal. 9. From whence we may probably lufpeft, that about 1 part more died of the Plague than are returned for fuch; which we further prove by noting, that Anno 1636 there died 10400 of the Plague, the 1 whereof is 2600. Now there are faid to have died of nil other Difeales that Year 12959, out of which number deducing 2600, there remains 10359, more than which there died not in -feveral years next before and after the faid Year 1636.' 10. The next Obfervation we tell offer is, That the Plague of 1603 lift- ed eight Years. In fome whereof there died above 4000, in others above 2000, and in but one lefs then 600 • whereas in the Year 1024 next pre- ceding, and in the Year 1626 next fol- lowing the laid great Plague-year 1625, there died in the former but rr, and in the later but 134 of the Plague. Moreover, in* the faid Year 1625, the Plague decreafed from its utmoft number 4 461 a week, to below 100o within fix weeks, 11. The Plague of 1636 lafted twelve Years, in eight whereof there died 2qgo per annum one with another, and never under 300. The which fhews , that the Contagion of the Plague depends more upon the Difpo- ficion of the dir, than upon the Efflu- via from the Bodies of men. 12. Which alfo we prove by the fudden jumps which thPlague hath made, leaping in one Week from 118 to 927 ; and back again from 993 to 258 ; and from thence again the very next Week to 852. The which Effefts mu ft furely be rather attributed to change of the dir, than of the Confti- tution of Mens Bodies, otherwife than as this depends upon that. 13. It may be alfo noted, That many times other Peflilential Difeafes, as Purple-Fevers, Small-Pox, &c. do fore-run the Plague a Year, two or three; for in 1622 there died but 8000: in 1623,11000: in 1624, a- bout 12000: till in 1625 there died of all Pifeafes above 54000. Chap. V. Other Obfervations upon the Plague, and Cafualtiesu I. rT"' He Decreafe and Increafe of M People is to be reckoned chiefly by Chriflenings, becaufe few bear Children in London but Inhabi- tants, though others die there. The Accounts of Chriflenings were well kept until differences in Religion occafioned fome negleft therein, although even thefe neglects we muft confefs to have been regular and proportion- able. 2, By the numbers and proporti, ons of Chrijlenings therefore we obferve as followeth, viz* Firft, That (when from December 1602, to March following, there was little or no Plague) then the Chrijlen- ings at a Medium were between no and 130 per Week? few Weeks being above the one, or below the other; but when from thence to July the Plague increafed, that then the Chrijlen- ings decrealed to under 90. Secondly, The Queftion is, Whe- ther Teeming-Women died, or fled, or mifcarried? The latter at this time feems mod probable, becaufe even in the faid fpace, between March and Ju- ly, there died not above 20 per Week of the Plague; which fmall number cpuld neither caufe the death or flight of fo many Women, as to alter the proportion part lower. 3. Moreover, We obferve from the 21 of July to the 12 ot Gtiober the Plague increafing reduced the Chriflen- ings to 70 at a Medium, diminifhing the above proportion down to ** Now the caufe of this mult be flying, and death, as well as Mifcarriages and Abortions; for there died within that time about 25000, whereof many were certainly Women-with-child: befides, the fright of fo many dying within lb fmall a time, might drive away fo ma- ny others, as to caufe this Efteft. 4. From December 1624, to the middle of April 1625, there died not above five a Week ot the Plague, one with another. In this time, the Chru fientngs were one with another 180. The which decreafed gradually by- the 22 of September to 75, or from the pro- portion of 12 to 5, which evidently fquares with our former Obfervation. 5. The next Obfervation we fhall offer is, The time, wherein the City hath been Re-peopled after a great Plague ; which we affirm to be by the fecond year. For in 1627 the Chriften-, ings (which are our Standard in this Cafe) were 8408, which in 1624, next preceding the Plague-year 1625 (that had fwept away above 54000) were but 8299 ; and the Christenings. of 1 were but 67oi)moum> ed in one year to the (aid 8408. 6. Now the Caufe hereof foraf- much as it cannot be a fupply by Pro*, creations; Ergo0 it muff be by new Affluxes to London out of the Country. 7. We might fottifie this Afferti- on by (hewing, that before the Plague- year 1603, the Chriftenings were about 6000, which were in that very year reduced to 4789, but crept up the next year 1604 to 5458, recovering their former ordinary proportion in 1605 of 6504, about which proporti- on it flood till the year 1610. 8. I fay, it fblloweth, that, let the Mortality be what it will, the City re- pairs its lofs of Inhabitants within two years; which Obfervation leffens the Objection made againft the value of Houles in London, as if they were liable to great prejudice through the lofs of Inhabitants by the Plague. C H A P. VI. Of the Sicklinefiflealthfu and Fruit- fulnefi of Seafons. i. W "WAving fpoken of Cafualties7 Owe come next to,,compare the Sicklinefs,Healthfulnefs,and Fry it- fulnefs of the feverai Years and Sea- fons one with another. And ha- ving in the Chapters afore-going men- tioned the feveral years of Plague, we (hall next prefent the feveral other, fickly years ; we meaning by a fickfy Tear fuch wherein the Burials exceed thofe, both of the precedent and fub- fequent years, and not above two hundred dying of thQ 'Plague for fuch we call Plague-Tears; and this we do, that the World may fee, by what ipaces and intervals wc may hereafter expert fuch times again. Now, we may not call that a more fickly year, wherein more die, becaufe fuch excefs of Burials may proceed from iilcreaft and accefs of People to the City ohly. " '2. Such ficlcly ! years were' i£rP, 2'cr, 33, :,4, 1649, 32, 54; 56, 58,61 , as may be feen by the Tables/ ' ‘ j.' In rerefence to this Obfervatioh fye fhall ptefent another, namely, That the more fidHy the years are, the left fertrnd or fruitful of Children alfo they be. Whicfr'will appear, if the number of Children born in the faid fickly "years be left than that of the years Both next preceding and next follow- ing': all which, upon view of* the Tables, will be found true, except in a very few Cafes, where fometimes the precedenr, and fometimes the fubfe- quent years vary a little, but never both together.r Moreover, for the con- firmation of .this Truth,- we prefent yotf the year 3 66o, where the Burials were fewer than in either of the two next precedent years by 2000, and fewer than in the fubfequent by above 4000. And withal,the number of Chri- ftenings in the faid year 1660 was far greater than in any of the three years next afore-going. : ■: v.' w. .: -a * ] 4, As toixhis year1660, although we would not be thought SuperfUtiottij yet it is not to-be neglefted,that inthe faid year was the Kings Rejiauration to- His Empire over thefe three Nations, as if God Almighty had caufed the healthfulnefs and fruitfulnefs thereof to repair the Bloodfied and Calamities fuffered in His abfence. 1 fay, this conceit doth abundantly counterpoife the Opinion of thofe who think great Plagues come in with King’s Reigns, becaufe it hapned fo twice, yi%. Anno 1603, and 1625 ; whereas as well the year 1648, wherein the preient King commenced His Right to reign, as alfo the year 166or wherein He commen- ced the exercife of the fame, were both eminently healthfulwhich clears both Monarchy, and our prefent Kings Family, from what feditious men have furmifed againft them, > The Difeafes, which befide the Plague make- years unhealthful in this City, are Small-Pox, Djfentery, called by fome The Plague hi the Guts, and the unhealthful Seafon is the Autumn* Chap. VII. Of the cliference between Burials and Chriflenings* U npHe next Obfervation is, That jL in the faid Bils there are far more Burials then Chriflenings. This is plain, depending only upon Arithmetical computation ; for, in 40 years, from the year to the year 1644, exclufwe of both years, there have been fee down (as hapning within the fame ground, fpace, or Pa* rifhes) although differently numbred 2nd divided, 363935 Burials, and but 330747 Chriflenings within the 97, i6? and io Out-Parifhes; thofe of Weft- min far, Lambeth, Newington, Redrif0 Stepney, Hackney, and Iflington-p. ot being included. 2. From this fingle Obfervation it will follow, That London fhould have decreafed in its People; the contrary whereof we fee by its daily increafe of Buildings upon new Foundations, and by the turning of great Palacious Houfes into finall Tenements. It is therefore certain, that London is fup- plied with People from out of the Country, whereby non only to fupply the overplus differences ot Burials a- bove-mentioned, but likewiie to in- creafe its Inhabitants according to the laid increafe of houfing. 3. This fupply ing of London feems to be the reafon, why Winchefier, Lin- eoln^hdfeveral other Cities have de- creafed in their Buildings, and con- fequently in their Inhabitants. The fame may be fiifpeded of many Towns in Cornwal, and mother places, which probably,- when they, were firft allowed to lend BurgtjfS' to- thc;>Parliammt0 were more populous than ndw, and bore another ■ proportion * to ;London than now; for feveral of thofe Bur- rough fend two whereas Lon- don it felf fends but font, although itv bears the fifteenth part of' the charge of the whole Nation in all Publick Taxes and Levies. 4. But, if we cdnfidbr what I have upon exaft inquiry found true, vis** That in the Country, within ninety years, there have been .6339 Chrifien- tags, and but 5280 Burials, the in- creafe of London will b< falved with- out inferring thcdecrealc of the Peo- ple in the Country ; and withal,in cafe all England have but fourteen times more People than London, it will ap- pear , how the laid increafe of the Country may increafe the People, both of London and it fell; for if there be in the 97,16, i o, and 7 Farifhes, ufu- aHy comprehended within our Bills, but 460000 Souls, as hereafter we {hall Ihew, then there are in all Eng- land 2nd Wales 6440000 Perfons, out of which fubftraft 460000, for thole in and about London, there remains 5980000 in the Country, the which increafing about ~ part in 40 years, as we fhall hereafter prove doth happen in the Country, the whole increafe of the Country will be about 854000 in the faid time ; out of which number, if but about 250000 be fent up to London in the faid 40 years, about 6000 per Annum, the faid Mijjiom will make good the alterations, which we find to have been in and about London, between the years 1603 and a~ bove-mentioned: But that 250000 will do the fame, I prove thus ; vi%. in the 8 years, from 1603 to 1612, the Burials in all the Parifhes, and of all Difeafes, the Plague included, were at a Medium 9750 per Annum. And be- tween 1635 and 1644 were 18000, the difference whereof is 8250, which is the Total of the increafe of the Bu- rials in 40 years, that is, about 206 per Annum. Now, to make the Burials in- creale 206 per Annum^there muff be ad- ded to the City 30 times as many (ac- cording to the proportion of 3 dying out of 11 Families) 6180 Adve- the which number multiplied 3r gain by the 40 years, makes the Pro- duct 247200, which is lefs than the 250000 above-propounded ; fo as rhere remains above 600000 of creafe in the Country within the faid 40 years, either to render it more po- pulous, or fend forth into other Colo- nies, or Wars. But 'that England hath fourteen times more People, is not im- probable, for the Reafons following. 1. London is obferved to bear a- bout the fifteenth proportion of the whole Tax. 2. There is in England and Wales about 39000 fquare Miles of Land, and we have computed, that in one of the greatcft Parifhes in Bantjhire, be- ing alfoa Market-Town, and contain- ing twelve fquare Miles, there are 220 Souls in every fquare Mile, out of which I -abate l for the over-plus of People more in that Parifh than in 0- ther wild Counties. So as the i parts of the faid 220, multiplied by the Total of fquare Miles, produces 6400000 Souls in all London in- cluded. 3. There are about 10000 Parifhes in England and Wales, the which, al- though they fhould not contain the \ part of the Land, nor the of the People of that Country-Par ifh, which we have examined, yet may be fuppo- fed to contain about 600 People, one with another: according to which Account there will be fix Millions of People in the Nation. I might add, that there are in England and Wales about five and twenty Millions of Acres at 16 - Foot to the Perch ; and if there be fix Millions of People, then there is about four Acres for every head, which how well it agrees to the Rules of Plantation, I leave unto o- thers, not only as a means to examine my Ahert'ion, but as an hint to their inquiry concerning the fundamental' Trade, which is Husbandry,and Plan- tation. 4. Upon the whole matter we may therefore conclude, That the People of the whole Nation do increafe , and confequently the decreafe of Wm- cbefter, Lincoln, and other like pla- ces, mu ft be attributed to other Rea- Ions, than that of re-durnifhing Lon- don only. 5. We come to ftiew, why al- though in the Country the Chriflenings exceed the Burials., yet in London they do not. The general Reafon of this muft be, that in London the proporti- on of thofe fubjeft to die, unto thole capable of breeding, is greater than in the Country ; That is, let there be an hundred Perfons in London, and as many in the Country ; we fay, that, if there be fixty of them Breeders in London, there are more then iixty in the Country, or elfewemuft fay, that London is more unhealthful, or that it inclines Men and Women more to Barrennefs, than the Country : which by comparing the Burials and Chriftenings of Hackneji, Nerving- ton, and the other Country-Pa rifhes, with the moft Smokje and Stinking parts of the City, is fcarce difcernable in-any confiderable degree. 6. Now that the Breeders in Lon- don are proportionally fewer than thofe in the Country, arifes from thefc Reafons, viz* 1. All, that have bufinefs to the Court of the King, or to the Courts of Juftice, and all Country-men coming up to bring Proviftons to the City, or to buy Forein Commodities, Manufa- ctures, and Rarities, do for the moft part leave their Wives in the Country. 2. Pcrfoils coming to live in Lon- don >out of cnrioftcy and pleafure, as alfo fuch as would retire and live pri- vately, do thedame, if they have any. 3. Such as come up to be cured of Difeafes do fcarce ufe their Wives pro tempore. 4. That many Apprentices of Lon- don, who are bound feven or nine years from Marriage, do often ftay longer voluntarily. 5. That many Sea-men of London leave their Wives behind them, who are more fubjeft to die in the abfence of their Husbands, than to breed ei- ther without men, or with the u.fe of many promifcuouOy, 6. As for unhealthinefs, it may Well be fuppofed, that although fea- foned Bodies may, and do live near as long in London, as elfwhere, yet new- comers and Children do not: for the Smoaks, Stinks, and clofe Air., are lefs healthful than that of the Country; o- therwife why do fickly Perfons remove into the Country -.Air? And' why are there more old men in Countries than in London., per rata ? And although the difference in Hackney and Newing- ton, above-mentioned, be not very no- torious, yet the reafon may be their vicinity to London, and that the Inha- bitants are moft fuch, whole Bodies have firft been impaired with the Lon- don-Air, before they withdraw thither. 7, As to the caufes of Barrennels in London, I fay, that although there fhould be none extraordinary in the Native Air of the place; yet the in- temperance in feeding, and efpecial- ly the Adulteries and Fornications, fuppofed more frequent in London than elfwhere, do certainly hinder Breeding. For a Woman, admitting ten Men,is to far from having ten times as many Children, that fhe hath none at all. 8* Add to this, that the minds of men in London are more thoughtful, & full of buftnefs, than in the Country, where their work is corporal Labour and Exercifes. All which promote Breeding, whereas Anxieties of the mind hinder it. Chap. ViH. Of the difference between the numbers of Males and Females. *TPHe next Obfervation is, That ■'** there be more Males than Fe- males. i. There have been Buried from the year 1628, to the year 1662, exclufive, 209436 Males, and but 190474 Females: but it will beobjeft- ed?That in London it may be indeed fo, though otherwife elfwhere ; becaufe London is the great Stage and Shop of bufinefs , wherein the Mafculine Sex bears the'greateft part. But we An- fwer, That there hath been alfo Chr 't- fiened within the fame time 139782 and but Femalesi, and that the Country-Accounts are confo- nant enough to thofe of London upon this matter. 2. What the Caufes hereof are, we fhall not trouble our felves to con- jecture.* as in other onFy we fhall defire,' tiiat Travellers would in- quire, whether it be the fame in other Countries. 3. We fhould' have given an Ac- count, how hie very Age thefe propor- tions change here, Ixft that we have Bills of diftindion but for 32 years, fo that we fhall pafs from hence to home Inferences from this Gonclufion; as firft, h> That Ghriftian Religion, prohibit- ing Polygamy, is more agreeable to' the Law of Nature, that is, the Law of GoL than Mahumetifm, and others, that ala low- it: tor one Man his having rhany Women, or Wives, by Law, figrtifie3 nothing, unlefs there were many Wo- men to one Man in Nature alfo.' ‘ "! II. The obvious Objection here- unto is, That one Horfe, Bull ov R*am\ having each of them many Females, do promote increafe, .'To which > 1 Anfwer, That although perhaps there be naturally, even of: thele fflticies, more Males than Females, yet artifitU ally, that is, by making Geldings, Oden, and Weathers, there are fewer. Front whence it will follow, That when by experience it is found how many Em (fuppofe twenty) one Bam will ferve, we may know what proportion of male-Lambs to caftrate or geld, nineteen, or thereabouts: for if you emafculate fewer, but ten, you fihall, by promifeuous copulation of each of thofe ten with two Females, hinder the increafe, fo far as the ad- mittance of two Males will do it: but, if you caftrate none at all, it is high- ly probable, that, every of the twenty Males copulating with every of the twenty Females, there will be little or noconception in any of them, alb III. And this I take to be the trueft Reafon, why Wolves, and other Vermin Animals, that are not gelt, increafe not fafter than Sheep9 when aa fo many thoufands of thefe are daily Butchered, and very few of the other die otherwife than of them (elves. 4. We have hitherto faid, There are more Males than Females; we fay next, That the one exceed the ocher by about a thirteenth part. So that al- though more Men die violent deaths than Women, that is, frioreartjlain in Wars, killed by Mifchance, drowned at Sea? and die by the Hand of Jujlice ; moreover, more Men go to Colonies, and travel into Forein parts, than Women; and laftly, morfe remain. Unmarried than of Women, as Fellows of Colleges, and Apprentices above eigh- teen, isrc. yet the faid thirteenth part difference bringeth the bufinefs but to fuch a pafs, that every Woman uiay have an Husband, without the allowance of Polygamy. 5. Moreover, although a Man be Prolifick. fourty years, and a Woman but five and twenty, which makes the Males to be as 560 to 325 Females, yet the caufes above-named, and the later marriage ol the Men, reduce all to an equality. n-.n. : , d :< 6. It appearing, that there were fourteen Men to thirteen Women, and that they die in the fame proportion alfp ; yet I have heard Phyficicms fay, that they have two Women Patients to one Man *which Alfertion feems ivery likely; tor that - Women have ei- ther the Green-ficknefli or other like Difteftipers , ..are lick of Breedings, Abortions r> Child-bedring , SoreAreaflsy imtes, Fits of the and the like, -Uf ; u- v, ,= v-... /.-Now,from this it lhould &!- low, that more Women fhculd die than Men, if the number; of Buridk anfwefed in proportion to that jot Sickneffes: but this rauft be falyedt* by the alleging, that the Phyficu ans cure (thofe Sickneife, lb as few raore'iiie than if none were link*;.a of ejfelthat Men, tein^r more, intempda rate than Women,4fe is much by rea- ion of their Vices, as Women do by the Infirmity of their Sex; and conie- quently, more Males (being born than Females, moreMfodre. . - 'S.tuin, thefyevar 1:64a rm\ny-Males Vent out of London into the Wars then beginning, infomuch as I expefted in dae fucceeding year 1643 to have found the Burials of Females to have eXceeded thofe of Males, but no altera- •non appeared ; forafmuch, as.I fup- pofe, Trading continuing the fame in London, all thofe, who loft their Ap- prentices, had others out of the Coun- try ; and if any left their Trades and Shops , that others forthwith fuc- ceededthem : for, if employment for hands remain the fame, no doubt byt the number of them could; not long continue in dilproportion. / 9. Another pregnant Argument to the fame purpofe (which hath already been touched on) is, That although in the very year of the Plague the Chri- ften'tngs decrealed, by the dying and flying of Teeming-Women, yet the very next year after they increafed • lome- what, but the fecond after to as full a number as in the (econd year before the faid Plague: for I lay again, it there be encouragement for an hun- dred in London, that is, a Way how an hundred may live better than in the Country, and if there be void Houfing there to receive them, the evacuating of a fourth or third part of that num- ber muff foon be fupplied out of the Country; fo as the .great Plague doth not leffen the Inhabitants of the City, but of the Country, who in a fhort time remove themfelves from thence hither, fo long, until the City, for want of receit and encourage- ment, regurgitates and fends them back. io. From the difference between Males and Females, we fee the rea- fon of making -Eunuchs in thofe pla- ces where Polygamy is allowed, the later being ufelefs as to mukipii- cation, without the former, as w&sfaid before in caffe of Sheep and other Ariu mills . dually* grit in thefe Courlcries*. ri .' ’ i i. By confeaueftce, this practice ofCaflrathn ferves as well to promote ifi€reafey;ds to meliorate the Flefh; of thofe Beifes * that lifter it. For that Operationiisi equally pra&ifed upon Horfcs, which are not tiled lor food,as upon thofb that are, 3*2. in Vojtifh Countries, where Vo- IjgtifTty is forbidden, if a greater num- ber of Males oblige themfelves to Cccli- bnte, than the natural over-plus,or dif- ference between them and Females a- mounts unto ; then multiplication is hind red : for if there be eight Men to ten Women, all ot which eight Men are married to eight of the ten Women, then the other two bear no Children, as cither admitting no Man at all, or elfe admitting Men as Whores (that is, more than one;) which commonly procreates no more than if none at all had been ufed : or elfe fuch unlawful Copulations beget Conceptions, but to fruftrate them by procured Abortions, or fecret Murthers ; all which returns to the fame reckoning. Now, if the fame proportion of Women oblige themfelves to a Angle life likewile, then fuch obligation makes no change in this matter of increafe. 13. From what hath been faid ap- pears the reafon, why the Law is and ought to be fo ftriftagainft Fornicati- ons and Adulteries: for, if there were nniverfal liberty, the Increafe of Man- kind would be but like that of Foxes at beft. 14. Now forafintich as Princes are not only Powerful, but Rich, ac- cording to the number of their Peo- ple (Hands being the Father, as Lands are the Mother and Womb of Wealth) it is no wonder why States, by encouraging Marriage, and hin- dering Licentioufnefs, advance their own Intereft, as well as preferve the Laws of God from contempt and vi- olation. 15. It is a BlefTing to Mankind, that by this over-plus of Maks there is this natural Bar to Polygamy : for in fuch a Rate Women could not live in that parity and equality ofexpenfe with their Husbands, as now, and here they do. 16. The reafon whereof is, not, that the Husband cannot maintain as fplendidly three, as one; for he might, having three Wives, live himfelf upon a quarter of* his Income, that is, in a parity with all three, as well as, ha- ving but one, live in the lame parity at half with her alone : but rather, becaufe that to keep them all quiet with each other, and himfelf, he mutt keep them all in greater aw, and lefs fplendour; which power he having, he will probably ufe it to keep them all as low as he plea- fes, and at no more coft than makes for his own pleafure; the pooreft Subjects (fuch as this plurality of Wives muft be) being molt eafily governed. Chap. IX. Of the growth of the City. r.TN the year 1593 d*erc in JL the ninety feven Pariflies wich- in the walls, and the fixteen without the walls (befides 421 of the Plague') 3508. And the next year 3478, be- fides 29 of the Plague ; in both years £986. Twenty years after there died in the fame ninety feven, and fixteen Pariflies, 12x10, viz. Anno 1614, 5873 ; and Anno 1615, 6237: f0 as the faid Pariflies are increafed, in the faid time, from feven to twelve, or ve- ry near thereabouts. 2. Moreover, the Burials within the like fpace of the next twenty years, viz* Anno 1634 and 1635,were 15625, vi%. as about twenty four to thirty one: die which iaft of the three num- bers, 15625, is much more than dou- ble to the firft 6986 ; the laid Parifhes have in fourty years increa- fed from twenty three to fifty two, 3. Where is to be noted, That al- though we were neceffitated to com* pound the faid ninety feven with the fixteen Pariflies, yet the fixteen Pa- rifhes have increafed fafter than the ninety feven. For, in the year 1620, there died within the walls 2726, and in 1660 there died but 3098 (both years being clear of the Plague:) fo as in this fourty years the faid ninety feven Parifhes have increafed but from nine to ten, or thereabouts, be- caufe the Houfing of the faid ninety feven Parifhes could be no otherwife increafed, than by turning great Hou- fes into Tenements, and building up- on a few Gardens. 4. In the year 1604 there died in the ninety feven Pariflies 1518, and of the Plague 280. And in the year 1660, 3098, and none of the Plague ; fo as in fifty fix years the faid Pa- riflies have doubled. Where note, That forafmuch as in the faid year 1604 was the very next year after the great Plague 1603 (when the City was not yet re-peopled) we fhall rather make the companion between 2014, which died Anno 1605, and 243 c Anno 1659 ; choofing rather from hence to aifert, That the laid ninety feven and fixteen Parifhes increafed from twenty to thirty four, or from ten to feventeen in fifty four years, than from one to two in fifty fix, as in die laft aforegoing Paragraph is fet down. 5. Anno 1605 there died in the fixteen Out-Parifhes 2974, and Anno 1659, 69.88 : fo as in the fifty four years.the faid Parifhes have increafed from, three to feven. - 6, Anno 1605 there died in the eight Out-Parifhes 96.0, Anno 1659 there died in the fame fcope of Ground, al- though called now ten Parifhes' (the Savoy md CavmuGardtn bjing 430I i ffioas the faid Parifhes have increafed, within the laid fifty four, years, more than from one to four. ;?, 7. Moreover, there was Buried in all, Anno 1605, 5948, aqd Anno 1659, 14720, viZj about two to five. 8. Having let down the proporti- ons,wherein we find the faid three great Divifions of the whole Pyle, called London, to have increafed; we come next to (hew what particular Parishes have had the moft remarkable fhare in thde Augmentations. Vi%. of the ninety feven Parifhes within the Walls the increafe is not difcernable * but where great -Houles, formerly belong- ing to Noblemen, before they !built others near White-hall, hive been turn- ed into TdiMatadAft f'Wpdft which Ac- couhti&lhallom upon i3r in- ereafed by thhconverfion of the Mar- quefs of Wltichefkrs Houle, lately the Spanifh Emballadour’s Jinto a mew Street; the like of Alderman Free- tharis, and La Aibttes that is 67694, viz* near 70000 ; the truth whereof I leave to examination, only the *- of 67694, viz. 13539, is to be added for Wejlminjitr, Stepney, Lambeth, and the other diftant Parifhes; making in all 81233 fighting Men. 12. The next inquiry will be, In how long time the City of London fhall, by the ordinary proportion of Breed- ing and dying, double its breeding People? I anfwer, In about feven years, and (Plagues confidered) eight. Wherefore, fince there be 24000 pair of Breeders, that is \ of the whole, it follows, that in eight times eight years the whole People of the City fhall double, without the accefs of Forei- ners : the which contradifts not our Account of its growing from two to five in 56 years with fuch accedes. *3. According to this proportion, one couple, vig. Adam and Eve? dou- bling themfelves every 64 years of the 5610 years, which is the Age of the World according to the Scriptures^fhall produce far more People than are now .in it. Wherefore the World is not a- bove 1 00 thoufand years old, as fome vainly imagine, nor above what the Scripture makes it. O h a*. XU. ? Of the Country-Bills< • \ IT TE have, for the prefent, done y * .with our Obfervations upon .the Accounts of Burials and Cbr'fun+ ings in and about London ; we fhatl next prefent the Accounts of both Bu~ rials7 Chriftenings, and alfo of Weddings in the Country, having to that purpofe inferted Tables of 90 years for a cer- tain Parifh in Haritjkire, being a place neither famous for Longevity and Healthfulnefi, nor for the contrary. Upon which Tables we obferve, 1. That every Wedding, one with another, produces four Children, and confequently that that is the pro- portion of Children which any Mar- riageable Man or Woman-may be pre- fumed (ball have. For, though a man may be Married more than once, yet, being once Married7he may die without any Iilye at all. 2. That in this Parifh there were torn 15 Females for 16 Maks, where- as in London there were 13 for 14, fhews, that London is fomewhaC more apt to produce Males than the Country* And it is poflible, that in fome other places there are more Fe- males born than Males: which, upon this variation of proportion, I again recommend to the examination of the # curious. 3. That in the {aid whole 90 years the Burials of the Males and Females were exaftly equal, and that in feveral Decads they differed not ~ part; That in one of the two Decads, wherein the difference was very notorious, there were Buried of Males 337, and of Females but 284, 53 difference, and in the other there died contrari- wife 338 Maks, and 386 Females, dif- fering 4^- 4. There are alfo Decads, where the Birth of Males and Females differ very much, about 6 0. 5. That in the faid 90 years there have been born more than buried in the faid Parifli (the which, both 90 years ago, and alio now, confided of about 2700 Souls) but not 12 per Annum, one year with another. 6. That thefe 1059 have in all probability contributed to the increafe of London; fince, as was faid even now, it neither appears by the Burials,, Chrijlenings, or by the built of new- houfing, that the faid Parifh is more populous now, than 90 years ago, by above two or 300 Souls. Now, if all °ther places fend about - of their in- creafe, viz,, about one out of 900 or their Inhabitants Annually to London, and that there be 14 times as many People in England as there be in Lon- don (for which we have given feme Reafons) then London increafcs by fuch Advent every year above 6000 : the which will make the Account of Bu- rials to fwell about 20o' per Annum, and will anfwer the increafes we ob- ferve. It i.s-clear, that the faid Parifh is increafed about 300, and it is pro- bable that three or four hundred more went to London ; and it is known, That about 400 went to New-England, the Caribe-I/Iands, and New-found-Land, within thefe laft fourty years. 7. According to the Medium of the faid whole 90 years, there have been five Chrifienings for four Burials, although in fome fingle Tears and Pr- cads there have been three to two, al- though fometimes (though more rare- ly)the Burials have exceeded the Births7 as in the cafe of Epidemical Difeafes. 8. Our former Obfervation, That healthful years are alfo the moft fruit- ful, is much confirmed by our Coun- try Accounts ; for, 70 being our Standard for Births, and. 5 8 for Bu- rials, you fhall find, that where fewer than 58 died, more than 70 were born. Having given you a few in- fiances thereof, I fhall remit you to the Tables for the general proof of this Aflertion: Viz,• Anno 1633, when I03 were born, there died but 29. Now, in none of the whole 90 years, more were born than 103, and but in one fewer than 29 died, vi^: 28 Anna 1658. Again Anno 1568, when 93 Were born, but 42 died. Anno 1584, when 90 were born, but 41 died. An- no 1650, when 86 were born, but 52 died. So that by how much more are born, by fo much (as it were ) the fewer die. For when 103 were born, but 29 died: but when but 86 were born, then 52 died. On the other fide, Anno 1638,when 156 died per Annum, which was the greateft year of Mortality, then lefs than the meer Standard 70, viz. but 66, were born. Again Anno 1644, when 137 died, but 59 were born. Anno 1597, when 117 died, but 48 were born. And Anno 1583, when 87 died, but 59 were born. A little Irregularity may be found herein, as that Anno 1612, when 116 died a number double to our Standard58, yet) 87 l7 above the Standard 79) were bom. And that when 89 died, 75 were born : but thefe differences are not fo great, nor fo often, as to evert our Rule, which, befides the Authority of thefe Accounts, is probable in it fclf. 9. Of ail the faid 90 years the year 1638 was the moft Mortal; I therefore inquired, whether the Plague was then in that Parifh, and having good fatisfaftion that it was not (which I the rather believe, becaufe that the Plague was not then confider- able at London) but that it was a Ma- lignant Fever, raging fo fiercely about Harvefl, that there appeared fcarce hands enough to take in the Corn : which argues, confidering there were 2700 Parifhioners, that feven might he fick for one that died ; whereas of the Plague more die than recover. Laftly, thefe People lay longer fick than is ufual in the Plague, nor was there any mention of' Sores, Swellings, Blue-Tokens, &c. among them. It fol- lows, that the proportion between the greatefi and the leaji Mortalities in the Country are far greater than at Lon- don: Forafmuch as the greatefi *56 is above quintuple unto 28 the leaft, whereas in London ( the Plague ex- cepted, as here it hath been) the number of Burials upon other Ac- counts within no Decad of years hath been double, whereas in the Coun- try it hath been (quintuple, not only within the whole ninety years, but alfo within the fame Dec ad : for An- no 1633 there died but 29, and An- no 1638 the above-mentioned num- ber of 156. Moreover, as in London, in no Vecad, the Burials of one year are double to thofe of another • fo in the Country they are feldom not more than fo; as by this Table appears. P tcad greateft lead: number of Burials - >s ' i" ' oo - —- o_ 54 2T“ ' , m7 39 Cl * • > 7 4 55" ‘ 6yj r 5 5i °9 ——50 / r g 1 — ——fc"3 5 /i 9 8c ' - * "ru 28 Which (hews, chat the opener and freer Airs are mod fubjefi both to the good and bad Impreffions, and that the Fumes, Stearns and Stenches of London do fo medicate and im- pregnate the Air abouc it, that it be- comes capable of little more, as if the faid Fumes rifing out of London met with, oppofed and juftled backwards the Influences falling from above, or refitted the Incurfion of the Gountry- Airs. lo.In the laft Paragraph we faid,that the Burials in the Country werefome- time quintuple to one another, but of the Chriftenings we affirm, that within the fame Decad they are feldom dou- ble, as appears by this Table, vi%\ Decad greateft leaft number of Births i r ./U :>u 2 ~r u.j . 90- 71 / _ 4 ' 9t>' ” rm t. O-T ... . ■—~6o 5' “ 6 Om "* ul G - 63 7 o — ICg - 0, 9— «*— 86— — 5 2 Now, although the difproportions of Births be not fo great as that of Burials, yet thefe difproportions are far greater than at London: for let it be {hewn in any of the London Bills, that within two years the ChrifteningS have decreafed , or increafed double, as they did Anno 1584? when 90 were born, and Anno 1586, wherein were but 45 : or to rife from 52, as Anno to 71,as in the next year 1594. Now thefe diiproportions both in Births and Burials confirm what hath been before afferted, That Healthfulnefi and Fruitfulnefi go together, as they Would not, were there not difpropor- tions in both, although proportional. 11. By the Standard of Burials in this Parifh I thought to have compu- ted the number of Inhabitants in it, vi%. by multiplying 58 by 4, which made the Product 232, the number of Families. Hereupon I wondred, that a Parifh containing a large Market- Town, and 12 Miles compafs, fhould have but 232 Houfes; I then multi- plied 232 by 8, the ProduVi whereof was 1856, thereby hoping to have had the number ot the Inhabitants, as I had for London : but when upon in- quiry,! found there had been 2100 Communicants in that Parifh in the time of a Minijkr., who forced too many into that Ordinance, and that 1500 was the ordinary number of Communicants in all times ; I found alfo, that toraimuch as there were near as many under 16 years* old, as there are above, vi%. Communicants, I con- cluded, that there muft be about 2700 or 2800 Souls in that Parifih: from whence it follows, that little more than one of 50 dies in the Country, whereas in London ic feems manifeft, that about one in 32 dies, oyer and a- bove what dies of the Plague. 12. It follows therefore from hence, what I more faintly afferted in the former Chapter, That the Country is more healthful than the City ;. that is to fay, although men die more re- gularly, and lefg per faltum in London, than in the Country, yet, upon the whole matter, there die fewer per rata; fo as the Fumes, Steams, and Stenches above-mentioned, although they make the Air of London more e- qual, yet not more Healthful. 13. When I confider, That in the Country feventy are Born for fifty eight Buried, and that before the year 1600 the like happened in London, I confi- dered, whether a City, as it becomes more populous doth not,' for that very caufe, become more unhealthful: and inclined to believe, that London now is more unhealthful than heretofore; partly for that it is more populous, but chiefly becaufe I have heard, that fixty years ago few Sea-Coals were burnt in London, which are now uni- verfallyufed. Fori have heard, that Newcaflle is more unhealthful than o- ther places, and that many People can- not at all endure the fmoak of Lon- don , not only for its unpleafant- nefs, but for the fuffocations which it caufes, 14. Suppofe, thatArmo 1569 there were 2400 Souls in that Parifh, and that they increafed by the Births 70, exceeding the Burials 58, it will fol- low, that the faid 2400 cannot double under 200. Now, if London be lefs healthful than the Country, as certainly it is, the Plague being reckoned in, it follows, that London muft be doubling it felf by generation in much above 200 : but if it hath increafed from 2 to 5 in 54, as aforefaid, the fame muft be by reafon of tranfplantation out of the Country. The Cdhclufwn. IT may be now asked, To what pur- pofe tends all this laborious buft- ling and groping ? To know, i. The number of the People ? 2. How many Maks and Females ? 3. How many Married and Single ? 4. How many Teeming Women ? 5. How many of every Septenary, or of years in age ? (u How many Fighting Men ? 7. How much London is, and by what fteps it hath, increafed ? 8 . In what time the Hoofing is re- plenifhed after a Plague ? 9. What proportion die of each general and particular Cafual- ties? 10. What Years are Fruitful and Mortal, and in what Spaces and Intervals they follow each 0- ther ? n. In what proportion Men neg- lefl; the Orders of the Church, and SeSts have increafed ? J2. The difproportion of Pa~ rifihes ? 13. Why the Burials in London exceed the Chrijlenings, when the contrary is vifible in the Country ? To this I might anfwer in general, by faying, that thofe, who cannot ap- prehend the reafon of thefe Inquiries, are unfit to trouble themfelves to ask them. 2. I might anfwer by asking,- Why fo many have fpenc their times and Eftates about the Art of making Gold ? which, if it were much known, would only exalt Silver into the place which Gold now poflefleth; 2nd if it were known but to fome one Perfon, the fame Angle Adeptus could not, nay, durft not enjoy it* but muft be either a Prifoner to fome Prince, and Slave to fome Voluptu- ary, or elfe fkulk obfcurely up and down for his privacy and conceal- ment. 3. I might anfwer, That there is much pleafure in deducing fo many abftrufe and unexpe&ed inferences out of thefe poor defpifed Bills of Mortality; and in building upon that ground, which hath lain wafte thefe eighty years. And there is pleafure in doing fomething new, though ne- ver fo little, without peftering the World with voluminous Tranfcrip- tions. 4. But I anfwer more fcrioufly, by complaining, That whereas the Art of Governing, and the true Po~ litich-> is how to preferve the Sub- jefl in Peace, and Plenty>> that men ftudy only .that;pare .ofVic which teacheth how to fupplant over- reach one another, and how, not by fair out-runningj, but tripping up each others heels, to win tlie Prize. ■ Now,the Foundation or Elements of this honeft harmlefs Policy is to underftand the Land, and the hands of the Territory, to be governed ac- cording to all their i/itrinfick and accidental differences : As for ample; It were good to know the Geometrical Content, Figure, and Si- tuation of all the Lands of a King* efpecially according to its mofl: Natural, permanent, and confoicuous Bounds. It were good to know how vj Hay an Acre of every fort of Meadow will bear ; how many Car- tel the fame weighc of each fort of Hay will feed and fatten; what quan- tity of Grain and other Commodities the fame Acre will bear in one, three, or feven Anms; un- to what ufe each foil is moft proper. All which particulars I call the in- trinfick value: for there is alfo an- other value meerly accidental, or ex- trinfick, confiding of the Caufes why a parcel of Land, lying near a good Market, may be worth double ta another parcel, though but of the fame intrinfick goodnefs ; which an- swers the Queries, why Lands in the North of England are worth but fix- teen years purchafe, and thofe of the Weft above eight and twenty. It is no lefs necelfary to know how many People there be of each Sex, State, Age, Religion, Trade, Rank, or Degree, by the Jmowledg whereof Trade and Government may be made more certain and Regular ; for, if men knew the People, as a - forefaid, .'they might know the con- fumption they would make, fo as Trade might not be hoped for where it is impoffible. As for inftance, I have heard much complaint, that Trade is not fet in fome of the South- mjiern and North-mftern Parts of Ireland\ there being fo many excel- lent Harbours for that purpofe; whereas in feveral of thofe places I have alfo heard, that there are few other Inhabitants, but fuch as live ex fponte creatia, and are unfit Sub- jects of Trade, as neither employ- mgj others, nor working themfelve&L m Moreover, if' all thefe things were ' clearly- and .-truly known (which; I have but gheflM a&tpifa would appear, how fmallna part of the People Work’ upon -heceffary La- bours and -Callings,*r how- iiriany Women and Children do juft no- thing, only learning to ipend what others get; .e how many are i nieer Voluptuaries, and ! as it were' meet Garnefters by Trade; how ifaany live by puzling poor people With unintelligible Notions in Divinity and Philofophy ; how many By per- fwading credulous, delicate, and li- tigious Perfons, that their Bodies or Eftates are out of Tune, and in danger; how many by fighting as Souldiers ; how many by Miniftries of Vice and Sin ; how many by Trades of meer Pleafure, or Orna- ments ; and how many in a. way of lazy attendance, &c. upon 0? thers: And on the other fide, how few are employed in railing and working neceffary Food and Cover- ing; and of the fpeculative men, how few do ftudy Nature and Things ! The more ingenious not advancing much further than to write and fpeak wittily about thefe matters. I conclude, That a clear know- ledge of all thefe particulars, and many more, whereat I have (hoc but at rovers, is neceffary, in order to good, certain, and eafie Govern- ment, and even to balance Parties and Factions both in Church and State; But whether the knowledge thereof be neceffary to many, or fit for others than the Sovereign and his chief Minifters, I leave to ilderation. AN APPENDIX- as a long and feri- ous perufal of all the Bills of < Mortality, which this great City hath afforded for almoft fourfcore years, hath advanced but the few Obfervations comprifed in the fore-going Treatife; I hope very little will be expefted from the few fcat- tered Papers that have come to my hands fince the publiftiing thereof e- fpccially from one that hath learned from the Royal Society, how many Ob- fervations go to the making up of one Theoreme, which (like Oaks and other Trees fic for durable Building) mud be of many years growth. The Accounts which follow, I rec- kon but as Timber and Stones ; and the bed Inferences I can make, are but as hewing them to a Square : as for compofing a beautiful and firm .Structure out of them, I leave it to the .Archite&ure of the fard,Society, under whom 4 think it honour enough to work as a Labourer. , My fird Obfervation, (hall be, That zt Dublin the Number ol Weekly Bu- rials being about 20, and thofe ol London about 300, as alfo the Num- ber of People reckoned to be within the Limits of the Bilk of Mortality at London to be 460000 ; it will follow, that the Number of -Inhabitants of Dublin be about 30009yVlZj about one fifteenth part of thofe in and about London, wfiichiagrees with that Num- ber which I -have heard the Books of Poll-Money, railed but little before the time of Bill, hav«e exhibited as the Number of Inhabitants of that City itSo as although Idotior think Pne Angle Weekly Bill is ftifricient to ground fuch gpnclufion upon, yet I think that feveral yearly Bills is the belt of the eafre: ways from colledt thf Number of the; .People, Secondly, 1 take it for granted, that in Dublin t|iere be more Born than Buried, becanfe the fame hath appeared to be fo in London by the Bills of Mortality before the year 1641, when the Civil Wars began5 and much more eminently in Amjkr~ dam, as fhall be hereafter (hewn ; yet there are but 14 fet down asChrift- ned; which Chews , that the defeft there is much the fame as at London, whether the caufe thereof be negli- gence in the Regifter, or non-confor- mity to Publick Order, or both > I leave to the curious. I believe the caufe is alfo the fame, for asmuch as I heard it to be a Maxim at Dublin j:o follow,if not forerun, all that is , or as they underftand will be, praftifed in Lon- don; and that in all particulars inci- dent to humane affairs. I have here inferted two other Countrey Bills, the one of Cranbrook. in Kent0 the other of Tiverton in Devon- Jfjire, which with that of Hantfhire, lying about the midway between them, give us a view of the mod Eafterly, Southerly,and Wefterly parts of Eng- land: I have endeavoured’to procure the like account from Northumberland\ Chtjbire, Norfolk, and NottinghamjfAre; Thereby to have a view of feven Coun- tries moft differently fituated, from whence I am forry to obferve that my Southern friends have been hitherto more curious and diligenc than thofe of' the North. The full obfervation from thefe Bills is, that all thefe three Countrey Bills agree,that each Weding produces four Children, which is like- wife confirmed from the Bills of Am- fterdam. Secondly, they all agree that there be more Males born than Fe- males , but in different proportions, for at Cranbrook there be 20 Males for 19 Females, m HantJ/jire, 16 for 15. in London 14 fpr 13 , and at Tiverton, 12 for 11. Thirdly, I have inferred the Bills tflemfelves \ to the end that whoever pleafes may examin, by all three together, the Obfervations I rai- fed from the Hantjhire Bill alone ; conceiving it will be more pleafure and fatisfa&ion to do it themfelves, than to receive it from another hand. Only I fhalTadd,as a new Obfervatioii from them all, that in the years 1648 and 1649. being the time when the people of England did moft refent the horrid Parricide of his late Sacred Majefty, that there were but nine wed- dings in that year in the fame places, when there were ordinarily between 30 and 4° Per Annum; and but 16, when there were ordinarily at other times between 50 and 60. And it may be alfo obferved that lomethiftg of this black murder appeared in the years 1643 anc* the Civil war was at the higheft,but the contrary in the years 1 prevent the new way of Marriage then impo- fed upon the people. I have alfo fupplied the Tables from the three generall Bills tor the years 1662, 1663, and which you will find to juftifie the former ob- fervations. But moft eminently that which I take to be of moft concern- ment,namely, of the difference between the numbers of Males and Females. In the former Obfervations 1 did endeavour to deduce the number of the Inhabitants about the City of Lon- don, from the Bills of Mortality, con- cluding them to be about 460000,and did likewife fet forth by what fteps the people of the faid City have in- creafed from two to five fince the year i6oo< And particularly in what propor- tions the City Increafed in its feveral parts from time to time : I have now procured an account of the men, wo- men , and children which were Anno 1631. found within the Liberties of London which are circumfcribed by Temple-Bar, Holborn-Bars, Smithfield- bars, Shorditch-Bars,White- chappel-Bars, and to the Tower Liberties, and Meal- market in Southwark.; by which ac- count I hope it will appear,that I com- puted too many rather than too few, although the moft part of men have thought otherwife. Nor do I won- der at it, fince I never obferved more enormous mi flakes in any matter than concerning the number of people, Ale-houfes, Coaches, Ships, Sea-men, Water-men, and feveral other Tradei- The proportions of all which I have alwaies thought is ncceffary to be known, in order to an exaft Sym- metry of the feveral members of a Common-weakh. I lay, that the whole number of Inhabitans exceeds not 460000. 1. The number of Men, Women, and Children, found in the City and Liberties 1631. was 130178. 2. The Liberties of the City of L071- don confift of the 97 Parifhes within the Walls, and of * of the 16 Pari (Ties next without them, which eftimate of mine, neverthelefs,! leave to examina- tion. The Liberties of London from the year 1631 to the year 1661 increafcd from 8 to 11, as may appear by the Tables , and confequently the faid 130000. found in the year 1631,were increafed to 179000, in Anno 1661. Laftly, the Liberties ot London in the year 1661 were in proportion to the whole, as 4 to 9. and confequent- ly if there were 179000 fouls, in the laid Liberties, there was not above 403000 in the whole number of Pari- shes then comprehended in the Bills of Mortality. The fubftance of the Amjkrdam Bills ofMortality is, viz,* 1. That there died in the feveral years of the Plague,as followeth: Anno 1622 — — 4141 1623 “ — 5929 1624 11795 1625 -6781 1626 i— 4425 1627 —* 3976 162S * 4497 1636 —• 17*93 1655 " —* 16727 *663 * 9752 X664 « * 24148 2. That there are eleven burying- placcs, befides the Hofpital and Peft- houfe, 257 Streets and Lanes , with 43 Burgwails and Grachts in that City. 3. That in feven years, beginning from the 15 of Augufl 1617 to the fame day 1624, there were Cfiriftned in the reformed Churches of Amjler- darn 52537, and that there died in the fame time 32532. So as there were 20005 tnore born than buried , be- fides thofe that were Chriftned in 0- ther Congregations. And in the fame time were 16430 pubiifht Marriages. 4That in the firft week of Septem- ber 1664 there died 1041 , and in 18 weeks before the Burials increa- fed before the Burials increafed from 331 up to the faid number of 1041, and in twelve weeks after decreafed back to the like number of 330. 5. In February following there died but 118 a week , and the ordinary number of weekly burials is about 100, fo as London leems to be three times as big as Amfierdam. 6. I have likewife hapned on fome other Accompts, relating to Mortali- ties of' fome great Cities of the World, of what Authority I know not, but as printed at Amfierdam 1664, Anno 1619 there died in Grand Cairo in ten weeks 73500, without any vifible di- munition of the people. 7. Anno 1625 there died in Leyden 9597. Anno 1635 there died in the fame City of Leyden from the 14 of to the 29 of December 14381, the greateft week of mortality being*. the latter end of OUober was 1452. This plague in 15 weeks increafed from 96, to the faid number of 1452, and in ten weeks after decreafed to 107. An- fwerable to the time of Increafe and decreafe afore-mentioned in Amjier- dam, Anno 1655. there died in 21 weeks from July to November 13287. the greateft week being Septemb. 25, when died 896. 8. At Harlem there died in the fame year , in the months ol Augufl, September,Ofiober and November 5723, 9. Anno 1637.in Conjiantinople there died 1500 per diem , but how long this Plague lafted, appeareth not. to..The fame year died in Prague 20000 Chriftians, and ioooo Jews. 11. Anno 1652 there died in Cra- covia 17000 Chriftians-, and 20000 jews. 12. Anno 1653 there died in Dant~ zjch 'm the laft week of September 64o, and in Conningsburg 490. 13. 1654 there died in Copenhagen for feveral weeks 700 per week.. . 14'.Anno 1655 there died at Amjler- ckm and Leyden, as above-mentioned ; and at Veventon 70, 80, and 90 per diem. 15. At Leeuvpardeen 36 per diem. 16. Anno 1636 there was fo (wee- ping a Plague at Naples, that there died of it at the latter end of May 1300, or J 400 per diem. The fixth of Jme there were 80000 fick, that the well were not able to helper bury the dead ; prefently after there died 5000 in three daies; in Augufi it began to Geafe, after it had deflroyed 300000 people. 17. The Town of Scald in Italy was quite difpeopled, and at Minory there fcaped but 22. At Rome there died in the fame year about 100 per diem for a great while together. 18. 1657 There died at Genowqy in Midfomer week 12oo,afi:erwards there died 1600 per diem ; in fo much that in the beginning of Augufi they burnt the dead Corps for want of hands to bury them, which great Mortality de- creafed to five or fix per diem before September was out. The total fum of all that died was about 70000. 19. At Bergen in Norway, Anno 1618 the plague is reprefented to have been very terrible, by faying that there died 50 or 60 per diem, and that the whole City was in tears, that the Cof- fin-makers refuted to make Coffins, that parents carried their children, and children their parents to the grave. But for as much as it was not mentioned how populous this place was, nor for how many daies the Mor- tality continued, I can make but little cftimate of this Plague, by what is above related.' eo. The general Obfervations ari- iing from the above-mentioned parti- culars , are as followeth : Firft, That Northern, as well as Southern Countries are infefted with great Plagues ; although in the Sou-?. them Countries they are more vehe- ment and do both begin and end more fuddenly. 2 f. Secondly, from the year 1652 the Plague was at Crakow, 1653 aC Dantzich and Coningsburg, 1654 at Co- penhagen, 1655 at Leyden and Amster- dam, and other Towns in the Nether- lands, at Naples and "Rome, 1657 at Genoa; So as it well deferves en- quiry, whether the Plague in all thefe places were a ficknefs of the lame' kind , and did fucceffively perambu- late the leveral Countries above-men- tioned ; or whether it were a leveral difeafe in each place. 22. Thirdly,that the Plague is lon- . ger in riling to its heighth, than in decreafing to the fame pitch ; and the proportion thereof,in fuch cafes where it hath moil plainly appeared , is about three to two ; for at Amjierdam it was eighteen weeks riling,and twelve decreafing ; and a Leyden fifteen upon the increafe, and ten decreafing. It may be further obferved , that in the four feveral, tidies of great Mor- tality,the height was not alwaies in the famemoneth ; for Anno 1592 it was the fecond week in Angujly when there died 1550 of all difeafes ; in the year 1603 the height was the lecond week of September , when there died 3129 of all difeafes ; in 1625 the extremity was in the third week in Augujl, when there died 5205. Anno 1636 the like extremity was in the firft week of Otiober, there then dying 405 of all difeafes. In this place I think fit to intimate, that confidering the prefent increafe of the City from Anno 1625 to this time, which is from eight to thirteen, that until the Burials exceed 8400 per week.? the Mortality will not exceed that of 1625. Which God for ever avert. /, \ '? \. It may be further obferved,that the time of the Plagues continuance at the height was of feveral durations , for Anno 1592 it continued from the firft week in July Co the fecond: of Septem- ber? without increafing or decreafing above 100 in idoo ; whereas in 1603 it remain’d-but three weeks at :the (late , decreafing neer * the next week after the height ; Anno 16s 5 it re- main’d not three weeks at a (lay , in- creating ~6 part the next week before the height, and decreafing as much the next week after. Anno 1636 it flood five weeks without increafing or decreafing above £ part afore-men- tioned. Concerning the dileafe of the Plague, Anno 1592 it decreafed to ■i6 of'the greateft number that died in twenty weeks ; Anno 1603,it did the fame in eleven; Anno 1125, in nine weeks ; Anno 1636, as it was not fo fierce as in the other years,fo it was of longer continuance, as hath been elfe- where notedv The laft thing i (hall oblerve is, that in all the. four great years of mor- tality above-mentioned, I do not find that any week the Plague encreafed to the double of the precedent week above five times. A Table Shewing how many died weekly, as well of all Difeafes, as of the Plague, in the Years 1592,1603,1625,1630,1636; and thisprefent Year 1665. 1 Buried of all Difeaf es in Buried of all Difeafes in Buried of all Difeafes in Buried of all Difeafes in Buried of all Difeafes in Buried of all Difeafes in j the Year 15 92.. the Year 1603. the Year 1625. the Year 1630. the Year 1636. * the year i66f. March 17 Total Via. Total flag. Total Flag. Tot. FI. April 7 Total j Fla. January 3 Total Flag 230 3 March 17 108 3 March 17 262 4 June 24 205 19 U9 2 349 March 24 35i 3i 24 60 2 H 226 8 July 1 20 9 25 H 205 4 10 394 March 31 219 29 3i 78 6 3* , 243 11 8 217 43 Ta- r,Jhts were added : S' Marg. Wejimin- *7 415 April 7 307 27 April 7 66 4 April 7 239 10 i5 250 5° 24 474 April 14 203 33 14 79 4 14 256 24 22 229 4° er. Lambeth Pari/b. Mary Nnotng- ‘"’t, Hedriff Vanjh, _ . 3* 409 April 2i 29O 37 21 98 8 XI 230 25 29 279 77 February 7 393 April 28 3io 4i 28 109 10 28 305 26 Auguft 5 250 s- Mary Ifiingttn, Stepney and Hutk- *eJ Parijhts. April 21 28 ' *4 461 1 May 5 35° 29 May 5 90 11 May 5 292 30 12 246 65 21 393 May 12 May 19 339 300 38 42 12 19 112 122 18 22 12 19 232 37 9 45 71 19 26 26 9 270 54 67 285 259 *4 l7 28 March 7 396 441 May 2 6 450 58 26 122 32 26 401 78 September 2 230 66 May * 25* 10 *4 433 June 2 410 62 June 2 114 30 June 2 395 69 9 259 63 j t 12 308 55 21 365 June 9 441 81 v 9 13I 43 , 9 434 91 16 264 68 10 299 35 28 353 Junei6 399 99 16 144 59 16 510 161 23 274 57 2 6 330 62 April 4 344 June 23 401 108 23 182 72 23 640 239 30 2 69 56 June,2 339 77 11 382 June 30 85O 118 30 267 458 T 1 30 942 39° 0 and Liberties: taken in Augufl 1631 by fpecial command from the Right Honourable the Lords of His Maiefties Privy Council. AlgateWard — 047*3 Bifhoplgate —* 07788 Bafllfhaw * 01006 Bieadftreet 01568 Bridg-ward within — 01391 Bridg ward without - 1 8660 Btllingfgate 01597 Broadttreet — °34°3 Colemanftreet—-— 01634 Cornhil 01439 Criplegate without — 06445 Cripplegate within—04131 Farrington without - 10846 Farrington within — 08770 Cotdwainer 01138 8^880 Alderfgate 03594 Limclhcet ■ ———01017 Q'jcanhich — 03358 Vintry —- 01741 Tower-ward ——— 04148 Dowgate 03516 Langbourn —— 03168 Portfokeri-ward 0570; Cheap, wrft'd ..... — ol5©t> Wallbrook ——01069 Candleweek ward—01696 Cattle- Baynard 0479.? 3*404 Bartholomew the great — oi $88, Bartholomew the lets — 00506 38404 89880 130178 The Table of Burials and Chiiflnings in London. jinno Pom. I 9?. i 1 P*rf-. ■y&r*.. 1 16 Pari.- fhti. Out- Pari- fits Buried iq all. I Betides 0//Ae ■ Plague Chrifl- tted ' f-pr; 1604 1518 2097 708 43*3 89.6 3458 j6of 1014 2974 960 5548 444 6504 1606 194* 19*0 935 57*6 2124 6614 1607 1879 277* 1019 5670 1351 <582 l6og 1391 3118 pa 49 6758 2162 684? 1609 2494 36*0 1441 7543 4140 6388 1610 a 516 379* *369 7486 1 803 G?8f l6ll 2152 3398 f j 66 6716 617 7°14 1671* 14780 8747 50242 *475 * 51190 Id t *473 3843 1461 7778 «♦ 6986 J 13 1406 3^79 (41 8 7503 16 6846 *6*4 1369 3304 *494 7 3^7 22 7208 161*, *446 379* 1613 7850 37 7«8i ; 1616 2490 3876 1697 8063 9 7985 1617 *397 4*09 *774 8280 O 7747 j 1 6 18 2 81 f 47*< 20 66 95 96 1 8 7735 j 1619 *339 3857 I 804 7999 9 8127 j *9733 3 * 374 133*8 64436 *7* 60316 | 1610 27*6 4819 2146 96 91 21 7845 ! 1611 2438 3759 *9*5 8112 11 8039 j i6it 18 11 4*17 2391 8943 16 7894 1623 359* 47i* 2783 U095 *7 7945 j 1614 3383 59*9 2895 11*99 11 8199 1625 3 1 43 9819 3886 18848 354 it 6983 1626 2150 3185 1965 1 7401 *34 6701 1617 *3*3 3400 1988 77* * 4 8408 14369 39940 19970 84000 35M* 6211 4 The Table of and Chrifining in London. sAnno Dom. 97 P ari- ses. l 6 Pun- (hts. Out• Puri- fies Buried in all Be/ides of the Plague Chrip- ned 1628 1411 33 »i 1017 774° 3 85*4 1629 2536 399* 1243 S77« 0 9901 163© »5 ©6 4101 1521 9137 1317 9315 1 >459 3*97 1132 8x88 *74 8524 1 >704 44<> 1411 95*7 8 9584 1633 1378 393* JC7 8 8393 0 9997 i<»34 >937 4980 19b 2 10399 1 9855 1635 1741 4 966 *943 1065 < 0 10034 10694 33495 19317 73505 1603 75774 1636 *8 1 5 *9*4 3110 12959 I0400 95*2 1637 »x8S 4165 2 1x8 86 S 1 3082 9160 U38 3584 59*6 375 1 » 3*<5i 3*3 103 n 1639 *59* 4344 16 I X 9 548 3M 10150 l 640 1919 5‘56 3*4* l 1321 1450 10850 1641 3x48 S091 34*7 H767 1375 10670 I^t 317 * 5*45 357? 11999 1*74 10370 I643 339 5 5 5 5* 3**9 122 16 996 94io 13987 4*544 25111 9175* i9*44 80443 1*44 *593 4*74 . *574 944* 149* 8104 • 1*45 *5*4 4*39 *445 9608 1871 7966 1646 >74* 4? 7 * *797 1041 5 2365 7I63 1647 1671 4749 3C41 1046* 3597 733 * 1648 2480 4288 *5>5 9*33 611 6544 1*4? 1865 4714 2910 * 10499 67 5815 1650 1301 4138 2310 8749 M 561* I*J I *845 500* *597 10804 *3 6071 H026 36676 i1199 * 78896 T004T 54617 The Table of Burials, and Chrifinings in London. Anno Dm. 1 97 1 Pari- 1 Jbet. 16 Pai- (hes. Out- Par i- /bes. Buried in all Befides of the Plague Chrift. tied 16fi 3193 57 «9 3*4* IM*3 16 6 1*8 *^53 ij*7 4*?5 1919 10081 6 «I55 I6f4 3 3*3 6063 3845 I3*3i 16 6610 1655 1781 5148 3439 11348 9 7004 1656 33*7 *57$ 4013 I3 9r-T 6 7ofo 1*57 3014 5646 3770 i*43o 4 66S3 J658 3513 1691 4443 14979 14 6170 1*59 343 1 6988 4301 I47*o 36 5690 *3288 47693 30178 103 x6i 107 5i 5°* 1660 3098 5644 19 16 1*668 53 *97 r 16*1 3804 7309 553* 16645 JO 8854 166l 3,23 6094 44*3 5365* 11 10019 166% 3001 3601 4l»9 1x731 °9 10191 1664* 344* 7166 48x9 > 5 448 05 11711 "w.'The Table following contains the Number of Burials and Chriflenings in thehfeven Parijbes here-after mention- ed, from the year 163 6.unto the year 1659 inclufeve; all which time the Burials and Chriflenings were jointly mentioned: tthe five laft years the Chriflenings were omitted in the yearly Bills. This Table confifts of feventeen Columns, the Total of all the Burials being contained in the fifteenth Co- lumn : which Number being added to the Total in the precedent Table of Burials and Chriflenings, makes the Total of every yearly or general Bill« Note, where there follows aA\fecond Number under any year,, it 'denotes thoft which, died that year tf the Plague. . : -;n.v •' oil ,o • TbtiiljA the 7 Pad(hc$ € 3 lt'2v'y'°2. Tv ri oc o <-n oo oo o-s L OO c\ 0\ H *"* ■ O ts Is c« ''O M» ■?p •"* H r4 M xi *—i >H w* >> •? Is ,OM CN ON C\oo 3Q ,*t- o* -i- m <*- 'f' O • o 0\ ‘f-'OO O HOC On l> CO OO O 3\ ro m y C\ H »-» n- ■ »-* .f Reclrffi i f j* tL°° cl *+* N0 t'x’r* O rr» t*- 0\~^ .>P . ■*> ts **s ts V© ts Sq oo vc f ** o ♦ O ■*- ~ r-o ~ m+rlt|Ot'0»Srti+" t> H ts OO 'O l>- P-* 'i* Hackney “ B. Ch. B.C ts O 0\ ,*V% r}- e/% co VO O 0 "tf* OO 'O 71 VO r* t$*o© us u«> V>» tsVQ 0\0O VO is vo 0 m vo H co ts co ts 'O ts 00 vt ft “’’'Q Os i* ts* U-s is H Os O ~ -K> ts rj- s«s 0\ 0 wv vo Ml-VlX*-*,.. 'Newington f ‘ 'O ts Os 0 G ts O VO m Tt- 'O 0\>o op rtoo »-« CO CO ts vo ix Ttoo r* OO .x H r* Ia f< « f| >-1 M t-t x r< w_ *x *■* • ix m O 1 — M CO VC AAfsOQ ts CO «sO w w rn ts so ri vo 09 CO OS OS ®S O O co o\ OS Cs o icyney 1 u~, O, cV tA H 0 VO CS O O C O ts m tv Os M 0 0 ts V© V»ts-4 Os O M ts O ►“* •AtstM«'O»0O « ts >A tf, H *A fA fft CQ 0\ OS *"* •*< Os »-< *x c* *“< >-< rl H H f> M OQ M H4 >-«*-«*—*»—. C^»—« . Lambeth A U A t-'t'-O rt H tv * •*- OO it rv» m t}* rA tJ- m rt m O m O €a “V M mM *“• ** M M H r/> WAS fAOO tx 00 tsVO 00 Os O C* ts v-s tXab VO r/-. ts U-S _4 ia N ts m r* Os co \© « Cs rt -» *4* "V vo c^co rl « ' « — *- M *-• M M Ijlington 6 « Vi r< Os O *-< Os^ATt^'O'O ts ts ts Vo VO VO L*ST$- OO H ■$■ rr\ r* \r>> OO v± »+ OO ia»® r|*3o OO m Ol H w 00 Os Os Os O vc w-vOO O h <0 IVeflminjier U u 3 CO VO rA m us O H Os •a VO + Vq ri ms OS rt O s® OO \*\ v* «*\ so SO 'O rt“ VAN Tt“ rv\ ts ri Ml N H Sfl Vfl -rt -4- rv ts O fs V© W-> O rt H \Q m *h O’+'Vc O r* no rf ts mi no h tsmrVsC 0\ C> •#- H Os m 0 M v» ts VO V® VG SO vo ISM* " Po C~. OO C\ O ~ r< rn t 'O f- OQ Anno Dom. £ s ? 1 { ! ? ! ? 5V Total in the, 5 p V) •-« m ct O H | "* M ol m tt ■+■ 7 rarilhes \l s* 2v & r e. $ s a ■'g - Redriff i c* m VO C-n m VO m ' — „.vO c* rr\ ►-* ° ? ? M ''O ~ OO vf P"" rv» " " "fL W “ o r> OO VO Vi VO *4* 30 rv-» OO OQ r»- Hackney <1 M OyOOO mooM >0 M O o “ ■ r}- rv> o « o r< m 3o co r-. v> « m ■1— r;—~_ — —' 0\V0VO l> C\ 3x oo vT o o & cS 'Newington -C O «] ’'V 0\ **-xT't> VG 0 fvi 3\ >£> - VO w-1 OO l> O t\ r4 r\ 0\ -oo ,'V t* 9S s'0 «■» oo rf* *h oo •* ■ O vo" oo ■ C7-, S' S' S' S' o CO T S £ Stepney JS U c B CP S' S £ £r o r> 5; 'O 'O *0 >3ooco> '8\oo'co''oV CO rr, oo . M rj rr*- rt <3\ , _ ' _ « 'Ss 'o- h 5, vg - *■ T' U ° N »-i H ri 'f ny, H4 u-* H rrt Lambeth •c 0 CQ O 0\ O Vi qq r< n eov >A rj* Xr\ r( rv-\ rvv CT ►-»»-« W *•* - *> £> 0\« c y> -i-vG «0 m O O 0\-o m OO c* C^r.\Oror^lot.O\oo .mm Oi«» — . iS » .•- «>-. - m « - ,o r< - H Ijlington ° 9Q $£t^'0'9_'','vo 0\t^O\3 “» T“ «r*co S. 0\ VO C\ fvj rrt VO CJO M <>. »_ q 0 P\ VO 0\ CV ►-<*_» M q q h- ri. . ryy OO r<\ tN 'O VO vg' ?. (s. » » ” % OO £ £ Anno Dora. 15 & C> £ £ £ £ » =5, SJ vg xS ~v?~>S' ' x? The TABLE of Males, and Females, for LONDON. An.Docn. 1 Buried { Chriftened 1 Males Females 1 Males Females 1629 1631 1632 i<533 1634 1635 1636 4668 5660 4*49 4932 4369 5676 5548 12377! 4103 4894 40l3 4603 40-3 I 5224 .ssi 5218 j 4858 1 4422 4994 5158 5035 4683 4457 4102 4590 4839 48:0 4928 4605^ 47779 » 4394* 39708 37024. K»37 1638 1*39 1640 6392 1 537i 1 4703 71681 64561 5359 53511 45ii SSt6 6761 1 601O 1 S518 l 4457 4952 ! 4784 5332, Total 73451 l 65293 1 6*0664. 1 56549. 1641 6872 6270 5470 5200 1642 7049 6224 5460 4910 1643 6842 6360 4793 4617 1644 5*59 5274 4l07 3997 r*54f COI4 5465 4°47 39i 9 1.646 6683 6097 3768 3595 1647 7313 674.6 579<5 { 353® 1648 514* ! 4749 3363 S 3181 51577 I 47185 34804 1 32755, An.Dom. j Buried | Chriftened \ Males Females { Males Females 1649 5454 5112 3079 2746 1650 4?48 4216 2850 2722 1651 5680 5i47 3291 2840 1652 6543 6 026 3220 2 90S 1659 S416 . 4671 3196 2959 1654 6972 i 6275 344i 3179 1655 6027 5330 3655 3349 1656 1 7365 1 6556 1 3382 44005 41333 1 26380 12408$ 1657 6578 5856 3 396 3289 165$ 7936 7057 3157 3015 165? 745i 73©5 3209 '2781 1660 7960 7158 3724 3247 1661 10448 9287 4748 4107 1662 8623 | 7931 5216 48°3 1663 8035 7321 54H 4881 1664 9369 8928 6041 5681 66400 | Total 235427 1 60849 j 34902 214658 | 156750 1 31802 146231 The Table of the Country-? arif. Com mu- |Wed I Chriftned lBuried Years nicants Idingj iM. ] F. [ Both'M. F. 1 Both *5*9 14 I3S 3<* 68 m 1 21 44 1570 *9 29 3* 61 21 15 46 1571 18 28 26 54 l3 17 50 I57i 23 Sz 54 20 14 34 157 5 21 34 3* 70 14 13 37 1574 16 2 1 *9 50 28 38 66 1575 *4 37 29 66 |!5 t9 34 157* 12 3? 37 70 \6 '■ \ s 18 34 1577 I? »9 16 55 *9 21 40 1578 20 3l 35 ££ if 15 50 J 190 ] 311 [3 0*| 46 3° 7.6 33 40 73 11 *y 40 41 81 4 J 3* 73 5Q ff 3l 87 5 3 \** II 6 I? 24 41 3? 74 47 i4' 88 M *5 * 5° 35 ?5 17 36 63 I 5 U 3? 48 33 28 b6 64 16 14 38 3* 74 17 41 68 *7 T7 45 3i 76 35 28 63 \6 18 8 37 41 78 *3 xS 51 I97M*7I35«! 777 I 338138617*4 16'9 11 37 43 I So 16 28 54 JO 10 H 5‘ 1 85 18 3o 48 »i H j 31 37 68 28 36 64 » » • J3 I-** 38 S3 10 26 46 *3 ?4 140 3* 76 5* 31 87 M I 9 ! 3° 33 #3 *9 35 64 *5 7 i 37 41 78 3* 20 56 l6 9 3® 35 *5 2 ( 19 50 ?7 18 45 M 68 24 *9 53 16j8 ' 16 >39 3* 75 47 4* *9 74* n°Jl3o6I *11 7he "table of the Country-? arijh. I' ycddingsj Chriftned Buried Years j 1 M. 1 F. j Both |I W. 1 F, [ Both 1619 •0 * 53 38 | 9‘ 46 j x8 . 74 3° 8 J8 45 103 26 27 ' 53 3* 10 4l *9 7i 2* 33 59 3l J6 43 50 93 15 21 36 33 11 38 65 103 18 11 *9 34 13 3° 45 75 18 26 44 3? 11 39 31 71 18 17 35 36 if 5o 37 87 41 48 9° 37 ! 13 35 36 7t i5 35 60 1638 13 3o 3* 64 83 73 156 *53 I 4i814131 83M3I7l3I9I«3< 16J9 18 14 3l 55 48 | 66 114 40 11 44 41 85 35 39 74 4i 11 34 29 *3 34 39 70 41 11 48 39 87 3i 19 61 43 8 3o 4*- 7t 59 18 87 44 16 33 24 59 65 7* 137 45 10 43 41 84 28 *9 57 46 II 3i 34 <7 it 3* 5* 47 ii 28 44 74 15 21 46 48 9 35 *7 61 *5 3* 56 1 137 I 35i 13571708 I 375 l 383* 75* 7he Tabic of the Country-?arijh. Years! Weddings Buried M. IF. 1 Both 1 M. 1 F. I Both 1649 9 ii 37 l9 46 34 5° 9 55 3 J *5 »7 5» 5 1 7 *5 x7 5i 11 ii 3i < i J 4 U 18 61 10 15 45 5? 9 47 *4 7t n 14 35 4 4 I 5 34 37 71 14 *5 39 55 3« ' sS 35 40 34 30 *9 70 18 18 19 15 47 33 S7 37 l3 43 66 ii i5 47 53 16 39 3 9 68 M 1 5 18 «8ri3541;!i0! *74 I*'8 ito 1438 The Table by Decads of years for the Country Parilh. Both Ov w OQ -< VO 00 CO m OO M vO £ ” T rt-WVQ t>. VO Vi C'' 0 CO c4 \rv -'s Females ~ M -hOvVO'O £ ™ ° M O CO - CO O 0 roU>M *-< CO Tt' m ce m '^•r^'^'cfvOt^ VOVOVQ tv tN, t>* 00 t^vo "1 Females Males ( L> M C\’ CO crirot^O OO N m irs M cr\ rn ** m m rf- rr\ tr\ CCl 00 0 m vo In M re OO Ov vr\ MOO rJ O OO OO ►1 M rh VO >0 W W rev. res CO CM T}* ce> cr» m Married . O OO co^rj Os 00 CO 0\vO u-Ncnco hH M l—l *—C —1 ■— 1—< 1—< Decads of Years On CO Ov CO CN 00 Ovco OVOO 0 00 Os CO VO t>. C'nOQ OO O <-<•-> MM fn tr ic' v> V> \A K 'O V) 'O NO hH »—l V-4 ** ►“* *“* H* ** \ The number of the Weddings} Chrijlnings and Burials that were in the Town and Parijh of Tiverton , from March 1560 to January appeareth by the Regijlers. Years ! | Chriftned Weddings !m. | F. J Both Buried 1 M. IF- Both 11*0 37 *3 *9 43 x8 I 71 6l V 3? 35 3« 34 7° 6i 16 ’9 5© 109 3* 34 6i *3 19 39 89 l7 «f 4* M *9 47 *o 97 n 1? 16 • «* >4 51 »7 78 It* 28 *4 t 6 19 *7 44 nr *3 11 35- *7 M 5* 41 9+ 18 16 44 fi M 5° 34 84 if 2* *° 69 >9 40 37 77 23 38 61 1 ijx I463I39418*7 1 184I i4*11l9 The Table of the Parifh of Tiverton. Years 1 Weeding 1 Chriftned 1 M.1 R 1 Both I Buried •M. 1 F. 1 Both I J7© 17 51 1 45 96 45 58 io3 71 21 46: 16 lx 70 68 13* 35 m\ 44 96 3° *3 53 73 38 5.5 19 94 21 19 4* 74 37 5® 9i 25 18 53 75 3* 51 71 121 ; 33 pi 54 7* 17 (Si 65 117 43 93 136 77 *7 79 46 125 54 76 *3° 78 38 59 57 H6 42- 54 96 79 45 1 5 268 282 55o 9* 43 75 77 1,5* 37 48 85 93 43 > *3 48 Mi ? 37 65 I 02 94 37! ? <6 93 164 3 1 47 78 95 38,' f 54 U 106 37 60 97 96 2X 60 58 Hj8 51 77 ‘*8 97 18 37 19 66 »|M 153 l?7 98 *3 x 44 3.8 3,1 v 45 103 148 99 4* 50 73 1*3 27 X7 54 1 3 53 I »46 1 719 11949 1 *668 16oo 38 64 54 118 38 ,66 I 33 5|l 8t 134 28 36 64 2 37 64 117 4* 42 8? <3 54 <5.o 83 143 JO 36 .86 4 a8 75 *3 13S »7 6? 90 6 49 6 2 68 130 33 48 Sf 5 37 79 77 156 45 4i «7 7 I 47 89 77 166 34 5 x 86 8 1 57 60 86 146 5* 64 11 5 9 ' 34 70 69 *39 *7 49 76 1 392,16761711! 1379 1 364I470I 834 The Table of the Tarijlx of Tiverton. (Wedding Years! Chnftned M.l F. 1 Both 1 Buried M.1F. 1 Both i6i» | 31 83 88 *71 62 -50 112 1* 1 I yj1 *3 96 *79 3 9c 4* 80 IX 47 79 70 149 5? 45 *03 *3 38 74 77 * 5 • 39 >40 79 14 4* 9° o-** 17* 42 >4* 83 IS 55 *4 *72 39 44 §3 16 24 ui x OO 2M 53 .59 11* *7 | • 99 79 178 57 57 *14 iS 1 „ 46 \ ox 79 181 3 V 44 76 19 3° 104 102 206 *5 J 72 *37 I 409 19*31863! *776 14861493 1 979 1610 4* loy 7» I *77 53 106 21 74 '!* ill 2X2 6t 51 112 XX 40 89 104 *93 60 .86 146 23 5‘ 108 88 196 80 101 18 t 24 52 95 95 190 60 68 1 28 M 57 131 117 24S 86 61 *47 2(5 66 97 IOl *98 73 95 168 27 <7 *43 i*° *5? 98 45 *43 28 66 103 114 2*7 87 98 *85 29» 77 1X4 108 232 6 2 68 *30 1 593 I1IO6I1020I 1126 17x017x6! 1446 The T*blc of the Parijh ofTiverton. Years Wedding ! Chriflned sj M. j F. 1 Both fiuried M.1.F. 1 Both 1*3° 73 Ml 7 113 *40 104 74 178 31 4o f (8 loo *18 85 9 * 177 3t lot tc4 ZIO 84 83 1*7 33 *3 ‘*4 I ZI 23 5 75 7* 144 34 U II4 95 209 7? 91 164 3? 81 l»4 111 *35 84 91 176 36 43 l35 I1J x48 85 87 '7i 37 4i uo 98 10'S 106 141 148 38 61 f IX lix 214 194 *7° 3*4 39 6 1 I19 lofi 225 115 1 1.37 M * 1 584 11169 ] 1383! 225 i i ts S f ‘039 1 *044 1*40 66 1J4 H4 233 82 I 104 1 84 4i 5 1 111 114 236 83 83 171 59 lot 134 238 110 118 - 43 54 »»5 117 *3* I02 8S 190 44 'U 76 78 154 131 413 445 43 47 95 175 170 99 91 191 46 41 *« JO 111 3 3 6 47 >3 114 io4 2 XX 7 3 ; 16 48 2.1 85 67 151 24 17 41 49 T<5 9* 9i 188 21 3° 51 401j99* 1 1049 I *641 | 7*3 7**j 1529 1 he Table of the Tarifi Tiverton. . Cbriftned Buried Years!Weddings | M. IF. 1 Both 1 M. 1 F. 1 Both l6Jo 9 66 79- *45 7 9 I I< f i 9 n! <3 >'3 5 io 1,5 9- 80 73 >53 48 5 1 99 5? a 1 s? J19 ao8 47 78 1 *5 54 Ic8 to5 lo jo6 71 #8 140 55 Mo 87 104 191 87 ! 14 JOl 5* 109 Io7 9! 197 56. * 85 141 57 10* v 94 10 1 >95 67 <9 116 58 60 70 8 f 153 77 84 t 6t 59 37 77 78 MV 71 80 Mi j 604 8 if 1 %i j 1716 I i-jo | 1178 : ' \ ‘ •’ > ) 4; * if - ** • V M ltf^O ?7 {Mi 68 > 3 9 70 lh 134 1 83 1 93 176 73 t 1 3<5 73 1 5* 12 9 9> 1 95 i84 3 3? 68 64 >3i 71 1 74 146 4 I. 4. 6$ 7* 140 1 98 i 114 tit I \fjt 3 53 1353 I j 8ii The number of the Weddings, C hr 1 finings and Burials that were in the Parijh of Cran- brooke } from March 2 6. 1560 to March 24. 1649 > (as appear eth by the Regifier) only in the years 1574 and 1565 the Chrijlnings are wholly omitted 3 hecaufe the Regifier is 'very imperfect for the greater part of thojeyears. Years Wedding I Chriftned sjM. j F. | Both j Buried 1 M. |F. j Both I 560 so 36 ,33 £ 9 1 19 21 1 *° 61 *4 46 33 7 9- 1 »J 22 4T 61 *3 31 26 T8 I 40 31 7* *3 *T 28 21 49 *9 24 43 M 13 19 *9 5 8 l° s 18 6S *9 44 29 73 37 34 7i if iT 39 26 9 l*46lT6T 7 he Table of the Parifh of Cranbrook. I Chriftned Buried Yearj Weddinf J M. 1 F. 1 Both 1 M. 1 F. 1 Both I J7° 18 3o 44 74 1 16 1 3* 1 71 XI 3* *7 58 ■ 3 1 16 47 7l 15 55 34 69 24 39 *3 73 X9 18 15 53 *9 1 21 JO 74 23 x8 18 56 7 J 25 18 14 3* 76 *9 49 41 9i 17 l* 33 77 16 36 48 84 *3 XI 44 78 14 4l 39 81 1 9 16 35 79 x 1 47 44 91 2 £ 18 44 1 *35 1 19 SI 303) 6ol 1 2411zij 1 466 1580 3* 47 n f 9 2 6 l3 49 8t 28 61 A6 I07 31 ?o 6 % 8 i 16 5* 49 117 5i 37 89 83 24 59 44 1°3 14 xo 44 84 i* 53 55 108 14 19 53 85 u 60 51 111 1 6 14 3 a 86 17 ■' 53 50 101 28 XI So 87 10 45 53 ?8 2 8 *4 Si 88 14 57 59 116 *4 z I 45 89 19 59 44 103 >7 28 45 1 135 If** ! 504 1 IO?I 1 171U48 1 519 whereof of the i3 4t 11 'table of the Farijh cf Cranbrook. Years 1 Weddings! Chriftned M. f F. 1 Both I Buried I M. 1 F. 1 Both if 9° *5 *4 5* Il6 2 I 17 38 9i 26 4> fl 93 34 43 77 91 10 59 46 39 3* 70 93 if 54 47 101 22 >7 39 94 n 48 37 8f *4 13 47 95 >4 55 53 1 ©8 35 36 71 96 17 3« 4* 7* 41 *5 67 97 ii 37 *9 56 112 1 10 211 p/. 98 ix 47 4t 88 17 34 59 M 99 30 5« 140 96 »9 20 39 1 m 1^97)419 9i6 I 373 |3f6 1 7*9 1600 16 4* 44 9* 16 18 34 1 *9 44 41 «5 19 29 48 t l6 50 43 93 28 26 54 3 22 68 ft 1191 3* 28 64 pig 4 3^ 47 (1 108 20 *4 44 5 *3 5* 39 9f 38 3° 68 6 *1 4* 44 86 3® 3 1 61 p/. I 7 1 29 ft ‘5 116 48 3o 78 8 *3 f6 3 f 9t 33 31 64 9 l 16 4^> 37 77 43 46 89 pl.t 1 223 |yoxl4*o 1 9«* | 3ti 1*9* | 603 The Table of the Parijl) of Cranbrook. Years 1 Weddings Chriftned 1 M. 1 F. | Both j Buried M. I F. 1 Both 1610 16 45 4Z 87 3* 4z 74 i i a7 39 1 44 83 44 *3 97 1z 16 44 1 39 83 5° 43 93 13 12 4j 41 84* 4* fo 96 14 at 50 44 94 M 35 9o if 35 36 44 loo 64 61 1*5 16 *9 3f 54 89 40 47 87 17 zo 49 5X lol 50 48 98 18 3* 38 i*1 89 37 58 95 19 3* 47 1 40 87 3o 44 94 l 161 1 44*145*1 89714^8I48i | 949 1610 z7 39 6t 1 ZO 45 5X 97 ii it 54 5o 104 40 46 8 6 11 14 61 65 1x6 Z7 z8 55 zj 18 37 37 74 33 34 67 >4 45 59 60 119 44 31 75 zz 44 59 io3 54 5* 110 t6 16 l6 45 81 48 49 97 *7 z? 45 5° 95 3* 38 74 28 38 57 60 ”7 56 70 1 x6 *9 48 60 58 1)8 1 51 44 95 »89 54511057I 434 1 448 ‘ 87U The Table of the Par/JJj of Cranbrook. Years | Weddings 1 Chriftned | 1 M. 1 F. | Both! Buried M 1 F. 1 Both i6$o M 58 *4 1 iz 4f 5a l 93 3» if 5' 46 97 i 46 4i 88 3l 10 57 113 56 5 i 108 33 19 73 55 ix8 44 4 + 88 3 + 3o <3 52 115 46 51 97 35 18 54 57 111 5« 5® 106 i* U 52 55 ( IC7 39 60 99 n 3i Si 85 11 6 47 49 96 38 u 49 5* *»5 73 So M3 39 23 31 3 6 *7 S3 5i 114 * 12? I 549 [ 54s 11019 5 >11531l«°4i 1^4© 30 *5 5o , 115 70 54 1 24 I zo 5i 61 113 51 3* 87 z 27 47 40 87 39 53 92 3 1© 63 63 131 68 59 117 4 >3 5i So 111 37 49 86 * 31 55 44 101 • 3° 46 76 6 14 «3 51 114 69 <55 134 i. 18 44 36 83 7* 47 119 8 6 35 13 58 55 60 IK 9 7 ' 37 16 S3 \ 58 48 106 I 196 |ti< J4.<® 1 97S [ 5491 ?J7 [ 1&66 199 Dublin, A Bill of IVTortalify from die 26 of July to the 2d of 7 Augufi 1 6 6 2. w JU 0 N Plague to -rj 0 TJ C/> 3 S- 35 Hi § cT TJ <■* w ◄ >1 TO f» O. JW S’ xr rt c ! 8 3 (A 1 —* — — OdllH idifuwwwi 1 I S Katharines & S. fames- M*£o£9lS 1 I X S. £Michaels C 7«U~' » z I » 1 z S. Nicholas without-— ? t I I S.' Nicholas within*'—— 1 S. it'd'brows o>* S.-Andrews X I 1 . I The Total Baptized 14. Total Buried 10, Jacob Thring, Reg. Advertisements for the better mderflanding of the feveral Tables: videlicet., Concerning the Table of Cafualties con- fifing of thirty Columns. THe firft Column contains all the Cafualties hapning within the 22 Angle years mentioned in this Bill. The 14 next Columns contain two of the laft Septenaries of years , which being the lateft are firft fet down. The 8 next Columns reprefent the 8 firft years, wherein the Cafualties were taken notice off. Memorandum, That the 1 o years be- tween 1636 and are emitted as containing nothing Extraordinary, and as not confiftent with the Inca- pacity of a Sheet. The 5 next Columns are the 8 years from 129 to 1636 brought into 2Qua- ternions , and the 12 of the *14 laft years brought into three more; that Comparifon might be made between each 4 years taken together, as well as each fingle year apart* The next Column contains three years together, taken at 1 o years di- ftance from each other ; that the di- ftant years,as well as confequent,might be.compared with the whole 20, each of the 5 Quaternions, and each of the 22 fingle years. The laft Column contains the total ©fall the 15 Quaternions,or 25 years. ; The Number 229250 is the total of all the Burials in the faid 20 years, as 34190 is of the Burials in the faid three diftartt years. Where note, that the * of the latter total is 11396, and the of the former is 11462; diffe- ring but 66 from each other in lo great a fcarce 4 part. T he Table of Buriah and Chr i fi- nings' yconfifling of jColumns. IT is to be noted , that in all feveral Columns of the Burials thole dying of the Plague are left out, being reckoned all together in the fixth Column : whereas in the original Bils, the Plague and all other difeales are reckoned together, with mention how many of the refpe&ive totals are of the Plague♦ Secondly , From the year 1642 forwards, the accompt of the Chrift- mngs is not to be trufted, the negle&s of the fame beginning about that year: for in 1642 there are fet down 10370, and about the fame number feveral years before, after which time thcfaid €brijlnings decreafed to between 5000 and 6ooo,by omiflion of the greater part. Thirdly, the feveral Numbers are up into OVionaritsfi&t Compari- fon may be made of them as well as of Angle years. The Table of Males, and Fe- males 5 Columns. Firft, The Numbers arecaft up for 12 years ; videlicet from 1629, when the diftin&ion between Maks and Fe- males firft began, until 1640 inclufivey when the exa&nefs in that Accompt ceafed. Secondly, From 1640 to 1660 the Numbers are call up into another to- tal, which feems as good for compa- ring the Number of Males with Fe- males, the negleft being in both Sexes alike,and proportionable. The Tables concerning the Country- Parijb, the former of Dec ads beginning at 1569, and continuing untill 1658, and the later being for fingle years, being for the fame time, are fo plain, that they require no further Explana- tion than the bare reading the Chapter relating to them,<£5^. F INIS.