[From The Jouenal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History, vol. vi., 
December, 1883.] 
DE SC 111 PT IONS OF FOSSILS FROM THE C 
gho up. 
By U. P. James. 
Genus Lingula, Bruguire. 
Lingula norwoodi, James (Pl. X., fig. 1). 
Lingula nortvoodi, James. Cin. Quar. Jour, of Science, vol. ii., p. 
10, Jan. 1875. 
Shell long, suboval in outline ; beak obtusely pointed ; outward 
rounding slopes, rather sudden at first from the beak, then more gentle 
at the sides, to about f ths of the entire length, where the curve is more 
abrupt but even around the front margin. Regularly and evenly con- 
vex transversely; surface marked by distinct but delicate concentric 
lines of growth. Length of the specimen used for this description a 
little over two lines, breadth about one line. 
Found by the writer embedded in subcrystalline limestone on the 
left bank of the Ohio river, opposite the lower part of Cincinnati, about 
30 feet above low water mark. Other specimens have been found simi- 
larly embedded, about the same average size, none larger. 
Named in honor of Prof. J. G. Norwood, of Columbia College, Mo. 
The object in republishing this species is to give a fuller description 
and better figure than the originals. 
Genus Monticulipora, D'Orbigny. 
Monticulipora dychei, James (Pl. X., figs. 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e). 
Monticulipora dychei, James. The Paleontologist, page 52, Sept. 
12, 1882. 
The corallum of the type specimen of this species is subfusiform in 
general outline, with rough, nodular swellings, and low compressed 
ridges, and annular constrictions: parasitic, acrinoid stem the central' 
or subcentral object, upon and around which it is grown: tapering at 
each end to a little more than the size of the stem-about three eighths 
of an inch at one end, and one fourth of an inch at the other. When 
found, the specimen was broken into five pieces, exhibiting clearly the 
parasitic habit, the stem seen as passing entirely through, from end to 
end. The corallites radiate from the central object, and have a slight 
upward inclination at first, then curve directly in a slightly wavy 
course to the outer surface. Slightly raised, rounded monticules, 236 
Cincinnati Society of Natural History. 
about one line apart from center to center, irregularly distributed over 
the surface, occupied by calices somewhat larger than the average. 
Margins of cell apertures thin and sharp: no interstitial tubes observed. 
Calices polygonal and averaging about eight to ten in the space of one 
line. 
A microscopic section of the interior shows the tubes to be thin- 
walled throughout, of a somewhat duplex character, and very few, 
remote, indistinct tabulae. A tangential section shows the angular 
calices and peculiar cruciform divisions in the tubes, which may be 
seen in some other species; no spiniform corallites noticed. A longi- 
tudinal section of a lateral projection shows the tubes springing from a 
medial axis, taking a sloping direction at first, then a wavy course to 
the surface, at nearly right angles. 
The specimen used for this description is seven inches long, over two 
inches in diameter at the thickest swelling, and one half to three fourths 
of an inch at the narrowest constriction. 
Found by Dr. T. D. Dyche, in company with the writer, near Leb- 
anon, Warren Co., O. The only entire (apparently) specimen known 
to the writer, but many fragments of smaller examples have been 
collected at the same locality, and on the hill tops at Cincinnati. 
Named in honor of the discoverer. 
The interior structure of this species resembles M. sp. clavacoidea, 
James, but in other features it differs widely in habit of outward 
growth and otherwise. The central object around which the tubes 
grow and radiate of dychei is a crinoid column, whilst in sp. clava- 
coidea it is the tapering end of a|i Orthoceras, or some similar form. 
A question has been raised as to the central object in clavacoidea 
being an Orthoceras. The writer has specimens in his cabinet show- 
ing the Septa clearly, placing this feature of such specimens beyond 
doubt; in other specimens the organic structure of the Orthoceras has 
disappeared, and the space occupied by calcite or clay, or left as a 
vacant tube, but the outline remains, always more or less sharply 
tapering, corresponding with Orthoceras. The evidence is positive in 
some cases, and the reasonable inference strong in others, that the 
central object is Orthoceras. PLATE X. 
PAGE 
Fig. 1. Lingula norwoodi, James. Enlarged about two diameters, . . 235 
Fig. 2. Monticulipora dychel James. Natural size, 235 
2a and 2b. Transverse sections of upper and lower ends. Natural size. 
2c. Part of a tangential section. Magnified 16 diameters. 
2d. Transverse section (longitudinal of the tubes) of a part of a small speci- 
men. Magnified 18 diameters. 
2e. Part of a longitudinal section of a lateral projection. Magnified 18 
diameters. Ulitfetes 1>lnlp!ft 
2 a 
1 
2 c. 
2 
2d. 
2 e. 
2 b.