WITH THE COMPLIMENTS OF THE AUTHOR. THE PRESENT STATUS OF ELECTROLYSIS IN THE TREATMENT OF URETHRAL STRICTURES. With Statistics of One Hun cl re cl Cases (Third Series). BY ROBERT NEWMAN, M.D., new YtnnW FELLOW AMERICAN ELECTRO - THERAPEUTIC ASSOCIATION; CONSULTING SURGEON TO HACKENSACK AND BAYONNE HOSPITALS; CONSULTING PHYSICIAN TO HOME FOR AGED AND INFIRM, YONKERS; HONORARY MEMBER ULSTER COUNTY MED- ICAL SOCIETY, ETC. A Paper read at the Second Annual Meeting of the American Electro- Therapeutic Association, held at New York, October, 1892. Reprinted from " The Journal of the American Medical Association," April 15,1893. CHICAGO: PUBLISHED AT THE OFFICE OF THE ASSOCIATION. 1893. THE PRESENT STATUS OF ELECTROLYSIS IN THE TREATMENT OF URETHRAL STRICTURES, WITH STATISTICS OF ONE HUNDRED CASES (THE THIRD SERIES). BY ROBERT NEWMAN, M.D., of new YornT"'"' As a further contribution to electrolysis in the successful treatment of urethral strictures, there is presented here- with the statistics of one hundred more cases, as a third series, making in all, with the two previously reported by the writer and published, three hundred cases. There are no new developments to offer, but the results of the cases now presented confirm former statements that electrolysis, scientifically applied, is absolutely successful in the treatment of strictures of the urethra. Electrolysis rests on fundamental laws of physics and chemistry so well established, that if applied accordingly, failures in the treatment are impossible. In that sense, it is reasserted that electrolysis per se cannot fail, while it is admitted that ultimate success in a certain case may be prevented in different ways, namely : unforeseen complica- tions, imperfect instruments, negligence of the operator, wrong diagnosis, and the actions of the patient. Failures consequent upon the unskilful manipulation on the part of those who are unqualified, are only the natural effects of causes, and as there exist so many such causes, it is a wonder that more failures have not been recorded. The writer has practiced this method of electrolysis successfully for oyer 2 twenty-three years, and has already described the modus operandi and instruments, and laid down rules minutely for the operation. It is unnecessary, therefore, to recapitulate them again. The leading features for the operation being that the constant current of galvanism only must be used, always applying the negative pole to the seat of the stricture, using only weak currents of from three to five milliampbres, stances lasting not more than from five to ten minutes, with intervals of about one week or longer. Only one instrument should be used at each stance, and t he operation ought never to be attempted while the mucous membrane is in a state of inflammation. The patient's strength should not be overtaxed, and gentleness prevail throughout the whole operation. As a matter of course, only the best instruments should be selected and used. The advantages of electrolysis over other operations are confirmed by the new cases now presented, namely: 1. That it is applicable to all strictures in any part of the urethra. 2. That it will pass and enlarge any stricture when other instruments or the skill of the surgeon fail. 3. That it causes no pain or inconvenience. 4. It is devoid of danger. 5. It is not followed by haemorrhage, fever, or any other unpleasant consequences. 6. It relieves at once. 7. The patient is not prevented from attending to his business while under treatment, and is without restraint; and 8. No relapse takes place. The electrolytic method may not for some time become so popular that every general practitioner will use it, since it needs, beyond skilfulness, great patience, gentle touch, good instruments, and electric apparatus in perfect order, also the qualifications of a master electrician and genito- urinary expert. Electricity, and electrolysis in particular, have had many skeptics and adversaries, but who now, in this progressive 3 age of science and civilization, have dwindled down to a few unreasoning ones, while the converts are legion ; and the status has changed to a better appreciation of the method, and is acknowledged as a success, so that scarcely any opposition or doubt exists. It seems that the enemies of the system are reduced almost to a single individual, who has resorted to such doubtful and dishonest methods in decrying electrolysis, that it assumes the appearance of personal malice, rather than a truthful and dignified scien- tific resume. One of these ingenious methods is to throw doubt upon documentary evidence proving the success of electrolysis. In the year 1885 a physician made a written statement of a case which was published. With apparent design, after the death of this physician, and after a lapse of about four years from the date of the letter, a polite note is written to this physician by a critical adversary, asking him the date of the treatment, etc. This polite note, as was expected, was as politely returned by the postmaster, who evidently declined to assume the responsibility of forward- ing it to its destination, and the investigator closed his report with the triumphant words, "the inference is obvious." At another time he reports (as his duty as an editor required), some cases treated successfully by electrolysis by an emi- nent physician in London, ending with the exclamation, " the burning question again ! " Such insinuations and mis- representations show very clearly on their face, without any " obvious inferences," the unworthy motives of an unsuc- cessful operator who, as an editor, while reporting success- ful operations by electrolysis, closes such reports with a captious, seemingly intended to be a skeptical and mislead- ing criticism. But while we have still to contend with this exceptioual case of wilful or ignorant misrepresentations, it is a pleasure that the cases which are herewith submitted confirm those already reported, and establish beyond doubt the success of the treatment. This success, summarily, is proved by: 1. Reports of thousands of successful cases by different 4 > o> trustworthy writers, to which the writer has contributed and published three hundred. 2. Patients who have during many years been observed, re-examined, and can bear testimony of permanent results. 3. Acknowledgments by the medical press, journals and modern text-books; and 4. Documentary evidence, which has never been concealed from those desiring an honest examination, and is always open to inspection, and can be substantiated by reference to most of the patients themselves, or to their family phy- sician or friends. It is a pleasure to re-ailirm all previous statements here- tofore made, despite adverse criticism, and to welcome an investigation of stubborn facts which do not yield to "obvi- ous inferences," but whose convincing truth is established by honest, careful and judicious investigation. These 100 cases, numbered 201 to 300, make 300 cases pub- lished by the writer. In the selection of each series is a little difference. The. first 100 cases were reported to the American Medical Asso- ciation in Cleveland, 1883.1 The principal feature was, to show that no relapse of the malady occurred after the stricture had been cured by means of the electrolysis. As the meaning of the word "cure" may be interpreted by some differently than by others, it will be more explicit by defining the meaning, viz.: no contraction of the calibre of the urethra took place, and after the patient had been dismissed as well, to his own satisfaction, the same number of sound or catheter which was used the last time in treatment would easily pass, after a year or even many years. These 100 cases were naturally not consecutive cases, but collected from consecutive cases for the purpose, and had to meet the following conditions: 1. The patients being under treatment regularly, and for a reasonable time ; 2, that they were to be discharged cured, SUMMARY. i Journal American Medical Association, April 25,1885; New England MedicaJ Monthly, August, 1885. SYNOPSIS OF THE THIRD HUNDRED STRICTURE OF THE URETHRA TREATED BY ELECTROLYSIS. tabular statistics. Number. Patients' Initials, Residence, Date of First Visit. Age-Years. Cause, Duration, Complications of Stricture. I No. of Strict- ures found. Distance from Meatus. Inches. Size of Strict- ure. Fr. Scale-No. 5r/- P C K K > x S 7 Treatment. Sequel and Calibre of Urethra when Discharged. French Scale No. Last Heard From After Treatment. Time of i Observation 1 After Dis- 1 charge M'ithout Relapse. ' Average Intervals- Days. Time of. 201 M. G. F„ N. Y. C. 41 urethri- 4 2, 4, 5,6 12 15 10 5 mos . . Urethra enlarged to 1890, March 27 . . . 3 years. 1887, March 23 . . . : tis for 7 years; im- No. 28 20i E. G. B., Albany Strictures for 20 yrs 3 2kz, 414, 18 8 14 4 mos . . . Urethra enlarged to 1892, March 30 . . . 5 years. 1887. March 26 . . . ' Prostate enlarged 3, « No. 32 1888, March 203 J. W. R., Oregon 35 Urethritis; 15 years 3 11 4 5 4 wks . . . Improved to No. 23; 1 year. 1887, March 31 . . . spinal irritation. . 2, 4, 6 left for home . . . N.B.-Former inju- 204 E. S. E., N. Y., 1887 32 Urethritis; 3 years bungling electroly- i sis; peri-urethral 3 6 7 8 2 mos . . . Improved to No. 17; May very little progress. dicious electric Withdrawn .... treatment has in abscess jured the case. 205 C. C. W., Chicago 48 Urethritis, charac- 3 5, 6, 7 18 2 op'd while In two stances, en- 1890, June; through family physician . 3 years. 1887. J urie 9 . . . . ter unknown, 8yrs 3, in Chicago larged to No. 23 206 8. H. IL, N. Y. C., Prolonged urethri 2 18 20 8 5 mos . . . Urethra enlarged to Re-examined Jan. 8, 2 years. 1887, July tis, 2 yrs. Urethrot- No. 32, Fr '89; well . 207 W. G. C., Ulster Co., 23 omy Strong injection, 3 4 4, 5, 6,7 0 15 12 6 mos . . . Urethra enlarged to Heard from him and 4 years. 1887, July 27. . . . years No.26, Fr. The limit family physician; of meatus is well 20b W. M. H„ St. Louis, 32 Long continued 2 3,4 17 7 9 2 mos . . . Calibre enlarged to Re-examined with 1 year. 18a7, August 19 . . urethritis; gleet; 4 No. 28, Fr No. 28, Sept., '88: years 3, 4, &y2 well 209 G. R. B„ N. Y. C., 40 Gleet, 3 years . . . 3 15 8 8 2 mos . . . Enlarged to 26, limit June, '92, well; no 5 years. 1887, Aug. 24 ... . 3, 5, 6 of meatus. Well . relapse 210 R. 8. 8., New Haven, 2-1 One year, prolonged 3 17 6 14 3 mos . . . Enlarged to 28. Nor- Re-examined Sept. 1 year. 1887, Aug. 29 ... . urethritis 6 wks . . . mal calibre 26. Well 5, '88 Re-examined Octo- ber 16, '88; well . . 211 M. H. M.. New Ha- 23 Urethritis, gleet; 2 2 5,7 18 4 12 Enlarged to No. 25 1 year. ven, 1887, Aug. 29 . years Fr., size of meatus. Married and well . 212 E. 8. G., Tenn., 1887, 42 Prolonged urethri- 2 3,5 23 8 10 3 mos . . . No. 27 Fr. Well . . Re-examined Aug. 5 years. March 27 tis, 10 yrs.; prosta- titis, cystitis . . . 11, '91; well .... 21b W. 1). C„ N. Y. C„ 53 Inflammation, trau- a (), / 4 5 12 2 mos . . . Improved; 14; gone Oct. 23, '89; written 2 vears. 1887, October 2 . . matism, bladder west that he felt great over-distended; 5 relief 214 .1. C.. New Orleans, 27 Strong injection, 1 7 0 10 8 2k mos . . Enlarged to 26; gone Not heard from. 1887, Oct. 5 urethrotomy, 2 yrs. to N. Orleans; well 215 J. M. D., Indianapo- 60 Not known; enlarg- I 5 20 3 4 2 wks . . . Improved to 26; con- Not heard from. I is, 1887, Oct. 19 . . ed prostate, 4years. Meatus tent and gone home 216 I). T. H., Newark, 50 Balanitis; cicatrix 1 18 5 7 1 mo. . . . No. 27; well .... February, '92; re- 6 years. 1886, Aug. 1 . . . . after porotomy, 3 months examined; well . 217 H.T., Brooklyn,1887, Strong injection; 3 2,4,6 8 25 10 9 mos . . . No. 21; improved; 1890, relapse .... Failure. Oct. 30 druggist's mistake; traumatism.; 6mos. temporary; failure 218 T. B., Charleston, 24 Urethritis; ureth 2 6, 7 20 4 7 1 mo. . . . No. 28; well .... '92, physician re- 5 years. 1887, Nov. 15 . . . rotomv ; 6 years . . ports well 219 R.W.G., Bloomfield, 46 Strumous i n fl a m - 1 4 7 5 6 1 mo. . . . Imp'd, 20; Dr. Wile '92, saw patient; Dr. 4 years. N. J., 1888, Jan. 30 . mation; ulcers, 2 continued treatm't Wile reports well . 220 1. T. K., Blairsville, 37 Urethritis prolong- 1 4 17 6 7 Ik mos . . Enlarged to 28; well Not heard from. Pa„ 1887, Nov. 16 . . ed ; orchitis, 11 yrs. Not heard from. 221 C. D. B. N. Y. C„ 47 Gleet, 20 years . . . 2 5> 3% 12 7 8 2 mos . . . Enlarged to 28; well 1887, Nov. 23. . . . 2>2, 5j'a, (i'/2 20 Re-examined twice, 222 A. 1.. B„ N. Y. C., 50 Traumatic rupture 3 7 Irreg- 3 mos . . . Enlarged fcj 28; well 1 year. 1887, Nov. 28 . . . of urethra, 17 years 16 ular. Nov., '88 223 J. B„ Philadelphia, 35 Traumatic bungling 1 7 0 13 Irreg- 4 mos . . . Enlarged to 25; well '90, by letter; reports well 2 k years. 1887, Dec. 14 . . . electrolysis, 7 yrs . 17 ular. 2 wks. . . 224 R. J., Colchester. 50 Traumatic reten- 1 7 2 14 Imp'ved to 20; could '88, July : > months. Conn., 1887, Dec. 14 tion, cystitis, orchi- tis, 3 years .... not come again . . '89, February 13; re- 225 28 Gleet continuous for 2 3, 5 17 6 8 2 mos . . . Enlarged to 28; well 1 year. 1887, Dec. 30 ... . 2 years examined 226 Dr. J. S. C„ N. Y. C., 47 Innammation, 2 3, 5 21 8 7 2 mos . . . Enlarged to 32; well Re-examined, '92 . . , 4 years. 1888, Jan. 3 . . . . ureth rotomv, 10 yrs. and married . . . Re-examined, Mar. 227 A. D., Greenville, N. 49 Gleet, 2 urethrbto- 2 21 5 Irreg- 3 mos . . , Enlarged to 30 . . . 2 years. J., 1888, Feb.3 . . . mies, 10 yrs. ... ular. 14,'90 22b J. D., N. Y. C., 1888, 46 Gleet, retention, urethrotomy,17 yrs. 2 4'4,5>4 8 14 11 4 mos . . . Improved to 27; pa tient was transferre d and spirited Feb. 6 away by a surgeon. Re-examined, Octo- 229 F.S.B., Hackensack. 23 Urethritis, 1 year . 1 5 17 6 14 3 mos . . . Enlarged,28; well . 4k years. N. .1., 1888, Feb. 13 . ber 4, '92 230 J. G. Topeka, Kan- 36 Urethritis, 2 years . 2 b 18 2 8 1 wk. . . . Improved, 25. . . . '89, March, No. 25 passed '89, Intercutrent 1 year. sas, 1888, Feb. 27. . 231 R. L. U, N. Y. C„ 35 Strong injections, 5 2 2,'4,6S 9 12 Irreg- 4mos . . . Little improved to 1880, March 4 . . . years; nervous ular. 17; patient absent- sickness; no mate- p r o s t r a.t ion and ed himself .... rial success. 232 G. B. C., Montreal, 54 spasm Traumatism, pros- 3 3>4, 6k 17 7 7 6 wks . . . Enlarged to 25; is '91, by family phys- I years. 1888, March 30 . . . tatitis, cystitis. Urethrotomy, 7 yrs. well ician Not heard from. 233 A. J. S., Brooklyn, 1888, April 2 . . . . V. 8. N.. N. C., 1888, 60 Unknown; cystitis, prostatitis, 10 yrs. Traumatism, 10 yrs. 1 3 20 a 7 1 mo. . . . Improv'd to 25; gone 234 40 3 2k. 4k, 5k 15 8 6 Ik mos . . south Enlarged to 25; gone '91, by letter ..... 3 years. April 27 Urethrotomy . . . home '82, September, re- 235 C. 11. IL, N. Y., 1888, 34 Gleet, prolonged, 5 2 4,5 11 6 6 1 mo. . . . Enlarged to 2 >; well 4 years. A pri!30 years Enlarged to 28; well examined 4 years. 236 G. T.. N.Y. C., 1888, 39 Gleet, spasm, 8 yrs . 2 3k, 5 6 15 Irreg- '92,Jan.; re-exam'd; May .2 ular. well; also 90 & '91. 237 C. S„ N. Y. C„ 1888, 70 Inflammation, re- 2 4'2.6k 17 6 10 2 mos . . . Enlarged to26; capa- Re - examined, '89; Ik years. M ay 14 tention, enlarged city of meatus ;well Sept. 9 238 G. L., Florida, 1888, 26 prostate, 6 yrs . . . Urethritis, epididy- 2 4k, 5k 21 3 5 10 days . . Enlarged to 28; gone Not heard from. May 18 mitis, 1% years . . home Life ins. phys. accep ts and finds no 239 Dr. E. H.. Brooklyn, 48 Gleet, 8 years . . . 2 3k, 5k 18 6 10 2 mos . . . Enlarged to 28; well 1888, Mav 21 ... . Re-ex'd, '90, Dec. 17; [stricture. 240 J. T. M„ N. Y. C., 52 Gleet, 12 yrs. Ureth- 3 3,k, 5k, 7k 20 Irreg- Enlarged to 25; well '92, February, re-ex- 4 years. 1888, May 19 ... . rotomy ular. amined 2 years. 241 J. Z. A., Hackensack, 24 Urethritis and in 2 3,5 11 8 7 2 mos . . . Enlarged to 25; ca- Re-examined, '90, 1888, May 26 .... flammation, 9 mos. pacity of meatus . Enlarged to 25 . . . May 20 242 W. A. M., Redbank, 43 Strong injections; 2 3,5 9 11 8 3 mos . . . Saw patient off and 4 years. 1888. June 19 . . . . 31 20 years on to ya; is wen . 4 years. 24slDr. R. W„ N. Y. C., Urethrotomy; no 1 3k 21 2 2 mos . . . No. 25 passed easy . Saw patient often; 1888, July 21. . . . venereal disease; 1 is well . 244 M. B. M„ City, 1888, 45 year Urethritis; 10 years. 1 3k 25 8 7 2 mos . . . Enlarged to 30; is '89, July 19; re-ex- 1 year. Julv 25 well amined 245 E. B\ N. Y. C„ 1888, 23 Urethritis; 5 years . 4 %4,4%,5k 11 7 7 2 mos . . . Enlarged to 25 . . . Heard from off and 3 years. Aug. 14 on 246 J. IL, Rahway, N.Y., 28 Urethritis; 2 years; 1 0 15 6 7 Ik mos . . Enlarged to No. 28 . Not heard from. 1888, Sept. 1 . . . . urethral abscess; cvstitis Not heard from. 247 A. C., N. Y. C., 1888, 31 Gleet, prolonged, 8 1 4 k 20 4 7 1 mo. . . . Enlarged to 25; pa- N ov. 3 years tient left content . 248 H. R. C., N. Y., 1888, 52 Inflammation; 3 0 o 3, 5,7 0 6 7 Ik mos . . Much imp. to 24 ; pa- Not heard from. Sept. 23 years tient feels too well 249 T. M„ N. Y. C., 1888, 26 Granular urethritis, 1 large cali bre. Tre ate d No. 27 passed size of '91, May, rc-exam- ined 2k years. Sept. 25 gleet; 6 years . . . also per en dosco 25 pe. Irregu lar .... meatus; is well 250 L. B„ N. Y. C., 1888. 36 9 years; urethroto- 1 3 6 15 3 mos . . . No. 32 passed easy; Re-examined, 1891, 2k years. Oct. 11 my is well Feb. 20 251 Dr. A. W., Iowa, 1888, 37 Retention; cerebro- 1 6k 20 4 7 1 mo. . . . No. 28 -passed easv; Not heard from. Oct. 30 spinal meningitis; is well 12 vears Re-examined, No. 30, '91, May 14 . . . Re-examined, '89, 252 R. M. C.,Texas, 1888, 52 Urethritis, gleet; 32 4 Ik,2k,1,6} 4 21 6 10 2 mos . . . Enlarged to No. 30; 2k years. Nov. 10 vears; urethrotomy well; gone home . 253 F. S„ N. Y. C., 1888, 24 Urethritis; strong 2 Ik, 5 It 7 Irreg- 4 mos . . . Enlarged to No. 28: 1 year. Nov. 28 injections; yrs. ular. well October 254 H. J., Brooklyn, 1888. 26 Gleet; 1 year .... 3 2%, 4, 5k 6 Irr eg. and Relapses in inter- '90, August, seen bv Dec. 16 Gleet; 16 years; in Ion gin ter vals . . . vals; improv'd to 2C Dr. Waite 255 K. B. M., Brooklyn, 39 1 5k 17 5 7 1 mo. . . . Enlarged, No. 28 . . Not heard from. 1888, Dec. 22 .... urethrotomv . . . 256 J. II. 11., Troy, 18S8, 39 Gleet, 16 years ; 2 2k, 5 13 7 7 Ik mos . . Improved to 26. Mea- Not heard from. Dec. 29 spasm of bladder . tus full capacity . 257 C.A.P.,N.Y.C.,1889, 36 Urethritis, caustics: 2 1,5 6 5 6 1 mo. . . . Imp. to 25: much as Dr. McLaury reports him well, '92, Sept. 3k years. Jan.4 7 months; cicatrix of meatus meatus will permit 258 G. P., West Indies, 33 Neglected in flam- 2 4, 6% 14 4 3 1 mo. . . . Imp. to 23; patient '90, June, not worse. 1 year. 1889, Jan. 15 ... mation; 3 years' content, ana went congenital phymo- sis, with adhesions. 11 to sea 259 J. W. S., sprankles, 23 Gli et, orchitis; 4 1 6 23 3 10 1 mo. . . . Enlarged to No. 30: '91, March, by letter 2 years. Pa., 1889, Jan 19 . . vears stricture cured . . 260 C. F. H„ N. Y. C.. 31 Gleet; caustics; 3 1 3 20 6 Irreg- 3 mos . . . Enlarged to 28; ca- Re-examined last. 1 vear. 1889, Jan. 21 ... . years . ular. pacity of meatus . Feb. 17, '90; well . Not heard from. 261 W. E. N„ City, 1889, 39 Gleet; urethrotomv; 2 3,6 8 7 8 2 mos . . . Improved, No. 25 . . Jan. 21 9 years .... 262 A. C.,City, 1889, Jan. 27 11 Cystitis, prostatitis; no venereal dis ease; 9 months . . Strong injection; 6 3 2, 5, 8 20 6 12 2' mos . . Improved, No. 25 . '90, February .... 1 year. 263 A. C. B„ N. Y. C„ 27 1 K 13 6 7 Ik mos . . Enlarged to No. 28 . Re-examined, '90, One and one- 1889, Feb. 3 . . . . months June 14; well . . . half vears. 264 D. M. L., New Haven, 17 Not well known; 10 1 20 4 7 1 mo. . . . Enlarged to No. 25 . Re-examined Feb 3 years. 1889, Feb. 26 ... . years 13. '92; well . . . . Gone South; not 265 J. W. F., Savannah, 1889, March 2 . . . 33 Neglected inflam- 3 3, 5, 7 11 7 7 Ik mos . . Enlarged to No. 28 . mation, 15 yrs . . . heard from .... 266 Dr. G. P. H„ Galves- 36 Nervous disease: 1 3% 20 4 5 1 mo. . . . Enlarged to No. 28: Doctor wrote he had 1 year. ton, 1889, March 2 . inflammation; 9 utmost capacity of no relapse years ........ meatus 267 Dr. F. B. G., N. Y.C., II Organic cartilagen- 2 3,5% 15, 0 16 8 4 mos . . . Enlarged to No. 28; Dr. says he can pass 1 year. 1889, March 13 . . . ous stricture; 24 years well ........ 28 easy; Ju.,'90,well 268 G. M„ N. Y. C.. 1889, May 6 51 Gleet, 6 years . . . 1 5 18 7 9 2 mos . . . Enlarged to No. 28; No. 28, well; re-ex- amined '91, Apr. 16 Family physical re- ports'well, '91, Jure 2 years. well 269 A. B„ Bayonne, 1889, 11 Neglected urethri- 3 3, 5,6 5 10 I rregu lar .... Enlarged to 28; well and married . . . 2 years. June 2 tis,23 years; ureth- rotomy Re-examined, No 270 U.A.A., Boston, 1889, 32 Traumatism, 5 yrs . 2 2k, 5k 20 5 8 Ik mos . . Enlarged to No. 28: 2 years. June 29 well 28, well, '90. Sept. 2C 271 B. R., Hackensack, 24 No venereal disease. 1 4 4 5 7 Imo. . . . Enlarged, No. 25 . . Heard from .... One-half year. 1889, June 22. , . . Cvstitis, recent . . 272 M. J. T„ N. Y. C„ 36 Strong injections; 8 2 2,4 14 11 Irregular . . . Enlarged to 26; gone Re-examined 1891, One and one- 1889, Sept. 12 .-. . years; prostatitis . Traumatic, 15 yrs. . to St. Domingo . . July, half vears. 273 D. D. B., Montreal, 31 2 3,5k 6 4 5 kmo. . . Improved to No. 21: His phys n reported One and one- 1889, Sept. 15 ... . gone home .... well, '91, February. '92, Sept. 23, reports half vears. 274 C. II., Croton. 1889 47 Inflammation; cys- 3 2, 4, 5 11 Irr egular g in ter and in Improved, No. 20 3 years. Sept. 20 this; 10 vears . . . ion vals . . . well 275 E. L. T., N. Y. C., 1889, Sept. 28 . . . . 33 Strong injections; 4 2 2, 4k 21 4 9 1 mo. . . . Enlarged to No. 26; Re ex.,'90, Jan. Seen '92, Sept. 6; well . . 3 years. years is content 276 Cha. IL, Brooklyn. 18 Strong injection; 30 2 3,4 23 4 7 I mo. . . . Enlarged to No. 30: Re-examined 1892, Two and one- 1889, Nov. 21 ... . vrs.; urethrotomv, well April 2 half vears. 277 U.S.. N. Y. C., 1889, 20 Gleet; years . . 1 4 21 4 14 2 mos . . . Enlarged to No. 26; Friends report him 2 vears. Dec. 11 endoscope, etc. . . well, 91. Nov.. . . 278 Dr. H. H„ Brooklyn, 39 Gleet, 5 years . . . 1 4k 22 6 7 2 mos . . . Enlarged to No. 30; Re examined, well: 1 year. 1889. Dec. 22 .... well '91, March 279 J. R. P„ 1890, Jan. 37 Strong injections; 4 2 2k, 6 21 7 9 2 mos . . . Enlarged to No. 28; Not heard from. 16 years well Re-examined, 1891. 280 E. B. D., Wisconsin. 40 Urethritis; prostati- 2 1%, 4% 9 10 9 3 mos . . . Enlarged to No. 28; 1 year. 1890, March 21 . . . tis ; 2 vears .... well April 281 N. P. S„ Woodstock, 36 Inflammatory dis- 2 2k, 4k Fili- 4 18 2 k mos. . Improved. No. 20: Prevented f r'm com- 1890, March 29 . . . charges; 3 years . Inflammations; un- form ■ gone home . . . Ing again to N. Y. 282 E. R., Dallas, Tex., 1890, May 12 ... . 50 1 6k 12 8 6 Ikmos.. . Enlarged to No. 28; is well .... Not heard from. certain cause; 20 years: prostatitis . By family physician, One and one- 283 A. L. B.. Bayonne, 48 Gleet; 3 years : pros- 1 7k 17 7 8 2 mos . . . E n 1 arged to No. 28; is well ... 1890, September . . tatitis '92. March half vears. 281 J. M. L., Watertown, 75 Inflammation; cys- 2 17 6 At long intervals . Much improved; 26: By letter, well, 1892. 1 year. 18! 0, Oct. 9 litis; retention; 15 vears 1 year left for home . . . 285 L. S. W„ City, 1890, 7.3 Gleet, retention. 2 5,6' | 14 4 ' 7 I mo. . . . Much improved and Not heard from. Oct. 11 prostatic hypert.ro- prostate, reduced . ■286 J. IL, Texas, 1890, 24 phy, 12 years . . . Urethritis, urethral 1 8 8 8 2'., mos . . Enlarged to No. 28; Re-examined, 1892, 1 year. Jan.3 fistula, 7 vears well April 15 287 W. B. T„ White 48 Urethritis, cystitis, 2 2,7 17 12 J rregu lar for*- Enlarged to No. 28: Re-examined, 1892. 1 year. Plains, 1891, Jan. 15. 20 yrs 4 months . well Mav 18 288 W. H. S„ N. Y. C.. 17 Gout, urethritis, cvs 2 2' J, 5'., 17 11 Irregu- 5 mos . . . Meatus wont admit Seen off and on; is well, '92, March . . 1 year. 1891, Jan. 22 ... this,2 vears . . . . lar larger than 24; well 289 T. B„ Roanoke, 1891, 41 Strong injections, 1 2 2'4,5k' 22 3 5 2 wks . . . Enlarged to No. 28 . Written is well, '91, 10 months. Feb.7 year Dec. 4 290 .1 P., Katonah, 1891, 29 In fl am mation,cause 1 6% large 5 12 2 mos . . . No. 28 passes easv . Re-examined, Sept. One and one- Feb. 25 . . uncertain, 6 mos. . cali 1 > re 2. '92 half vears. 291 F. H. S„ 1891, March 46 Gleet continued 10 Q 3,5 17 8 7 2 mos . . . 27. utmost capacity Not heard from. 9 years of meatus; well . 292 H. N. P„ N. Y. C., 1891, March 31 . . . 31 Gleet, 12 vears . . . 2 2%, 5% 17 8 7 2 mos . . . No. 28; well . . . Well; heard direct 1 year. & indirect. '92, Julv 293 J. L. M., Brooklyn, 1891, March 28 . . . 66 Rectal abscess, urethral flutula, 1-6 Calcareou s. Ir reg ula r. 4 mos. . . No. 26, the capacity Re-examined, May 1 year. ■ of meatus 8, 1892 strong injections, 25 years 294 W. II. IL, 1891, April 33 Urethral abscess, 5 1 6k 18 3 7 ' 2 mo . . . Enlarged to No. 25; Not heard from. 18 years much improved . . 295 C. D. K., S. C„ 1891, 33 Traumatism by in- 2 4,6k 18 6 16 3 mos Enlarged to No. 28 . Re-examined, Mav 1 year. M ay 10 W. M. IL, Chicago. struments, 6 years; urethrotomv . . . - 22, 1892 296 80 Urethritis, 53 years; 3 3, 4k, 5k 14 3 7 12 mo . . . Enlarged to 23: pa- Not heard from. 1891, May 12 ... . urethrotomv: pe- tient gone west: 297 G. A. B., City, 1891. rineal section . . . much improved . . 50 Gleet, 2 years . . . 1 6 18 3 10 1 mo. . . . Improved, 26; feels Re-examined. Dec. 7 months. May 23 well enough . . . 16,1891 298 W. K., City, 1891. 45 Urethritis, 5 years . 3 3%, 4%, 6 21 6 1 1 3 mos . . . Enlarged, 28; endo- Reports well, Dec., 7 months. June 2 scope treatment . . 91 291 W. T. C., Trenton, 30 Urethritis, gleet, 12 1 5k 21 3 6 kmo. . . Enlarged to 28; is Not heard from. 1891, June 19 . . . vears content 30( E. D. W„ N. Y. C., 1891, Aug. 15 ... . 36 Gleet, 5 years . . . 2 2%, 5 17, 15 12 Irregu lar for 6 months . Enlarged to 28; well Saw patient, who is well, Feb., '92 . . . 8 months. 5 or at least so improved that the patients were content with the result, and did not wish any further treatment or im- provement ; 3, they were to be cases that were heard of afterwards by reliable information ; mostly by re-examina- tion by the family physician or by myself. Some of these patients came repeatedly for such a re-examination. The proof of no relapse was, that the same number of sound was used in the re-examination, which passed the last time at the close of the treatment, i.e., if the calibre of the urethra was enlarged to a number 26 French, the same num- ber 26 passed again after respectively three to eleven years. The second 100 cases 2 were selected in a different way. It consisted of the experience of a later period, the narrative of almost consecutive cases taken from my note book ; relat- ing all such cases, which have remained long enough under treatment to warrant a result, and in which the necessary information has been furnished and recorded; on the other side omitting cases, which have not been long enough under treatment, or only seen without treatment, and in which the record is sufficient. In this report I have on purpose omitted the word "cured," because there is a diversity of the meaning cure. The patients were dismissed or stopped treatment themselves, when they felt comfortable and well, had a calibre of the urethra which enabled them to void freely a good large stream, and if wanted could exercise a sexual intercourse. The result of such treatment is marked under the heading "sequel and calibre of the urethra when discharged." The number of electrodes used, is stated according to the French scale, but these (Newman's) electrodes differ somewhat from the usual steel sounds sold by instrument makers. The usual steel sound tapers, so that the end which is used in entering the meatus is from two to nine numbers smaller than the stem of the instrument, while my electrodes have upon the end which is used in entering the meatus, an egg shaped bulb, which is the full size given in my tables. There- 2 Journal of Amer. Med. Assoc., Sept. 24, 1887. 6 fore my No. 32, is just as large as the conical steel sound No. 40 at the end? This explanation is deemed necessary to meet objections and a clearer understanding about the calibre of the urethra as stated in the statistics. The third 100 cases differ somewhat from the two hundred published before, as this is the 100 consecutive cases treated by the writer, and even if treated only temporary the result is stated, regardless, whether the patient remained under treatment long enough for an expected favorable result or left for some reason before being cured. Excluded from the consecutive order were only consultations, or patients who were seen once and came for an examination or diag- nosis. Two remarkable failures are candidly acknowledged, and need some explanation. Case 204, was very bad ; strictures everywhere from the meatus to the neck of the bladder complicated by urethritis, peri-urethral abscess, and made worse by former bungling electrolytic applications. The electrolytic treatment by the writer improved the urethra by an enlargement from No. 3 to No. 17. Progress was too slow, and both patient and operator getting tired of the case, I myself sent to Dr. Keyes, who afterward wrote "he cut everything," and acknowledged the severity of the case. No. 217, came for treatment long and faithful enough, but proved an entire failure, after a certain time showing relapse, and new inflammation. The plausible causes were : the operator by over anxiety doing too much and, the patient in intervals practicing masturbation, thereby creat- ing new acute inflammation. Nothwithstanding these explanations for cause, the result of these two cases are failures, and are recorded as such. Recapitulation.-The enlargement of the calibre of the urethra by the electrolytic treatment was as follows: Strictures which admitted no instrument were enlarged from No. 24 to 28 French, respectively. < Journal Amer. Med. Asso., Sept. 8, 1880. 7 Strictures which admitted a No. 4 instrument were enlarged from No. 14 to 28 French, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 6 instrument were enlarged from No. 17 to 28 French, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 7 instrument were enlarged to No. 20. Strictures which admitted a No.8 instrument were enlarged from No. 21 to 28 French, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 9 instrument were enlarged from No. 17 to 28 French, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 11 instrument were enlarged from No. 20 to 28 French, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 12 instrument were enlarged to 28. Strictures which admitted a No. 13 instrument were enlarged from No. 26 to 28 French, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 14 instrument were enlarged from No. 26 to 28 French, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 15 instrument were enlarged from 25 to 28, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 17 instrument were enlarged from No. 20 to 28, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 18 instrument were enlarged from No. 25 to 32, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 20 instrument were enlarged from No. 25 to 28, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No 21 instrument were enlarged from No. 25 to 32, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 23 instrument were enlarged from No. 27 to 30 French, respectively. Strictures which admitted a No. 25 instrument were enlarged from No. 30 to 32, respectively. The result of the enlargement of the calibre of the urethra varied according to circumstances, as necessities, wishes of the patients, time allowed for treatment, nature of the stricture, complications, general condition as occupations, vices or virtues of the patients. But results must be consid- ered very good, even by chronic grumblers, if a calibre of a 8 urethra can be enlarged to a No. 28 French, when at the first visit no instrument would pass, and experts have tried in vain before. In some cases the family physician had tried for weeks, in others, celebrated professors were given chances, without being able to pass any instrument, and the disposition of the cases were, the advice of perineal section. In some cases this advice by the family physician was accom- panied by a written introduction to a first class operator, etc. In all such cases, when no medical hand could pass the stricture with an instrument, it was passed successfully by the power of the "electrolysis," which acted as a chemical absorbent, and not as a dilator, as some kind friends have suggested. If in these cases dilatation could have been used, why did the experts and surgeons not do it? All these are facts which can be verified by reliable wit- nesses, and there can be no doubt that the electrolysis did the work, which could not be done by pressure or dilata- tion. The duration of the strictures at the time the patients presented themselves for treatment varied from three months to fifty-three years, and in recapitulating we find: Two cases of three months standing; three cases of six months; two cases of seven months ; one case of nine months ; nine cases of one year; eleven cases of two years; eight cases of three years ; five cases of four years ; eleven cases of five years; five cases of six years; four cases of seven years ; five cases of eight years ; three cases of nine years ; ten cases of ten years ; one case of eleven years ; five cases of twelve years; four cases of fifteen years; two cases of sixteen years; two cases of seventeen years; five cases of twenty years ; one case of twenty-three years ; one case of twenty-four years; one case of thirty-two years; and one case of fifty-three years: The percentage of single or multiple strictures : Single Multiple Total 1st series of 100 cases . . 42 58 2d " " 100 " . . 21 79 230 3d " "100 " . . 34 66 192 " Average in 300 " per 100 .. . . . 32 67 9 We may expect nearly one-half of patients presenting themselves, having single strictures. The increase of mul- tiple strictures in these statistics may arise from the fact that more bad cases were transferred to writer. The number of strictures in one individual we find as fol- lows : First 100 Second 100 Third 100 Average 1 Stricture in . . . ... 42 21 34 32 per cent. 2 Strictures in . . . ... 34 43 43 40 3 " " . . . . . . 17 26 19 21 4 " " . . . . . . 5 7 4 10 K 44 4 4 ... 2 1 1 6 " " . . . . . . 0 2 1 Tae location of the strictures was found in all parts of the urethra, from the meatus to more than 8 inches from it, as follows: ,-Location of Strictures in- 1st 100 Cases 2d 100 Cases 3d 100 Cases Average At meatus or less than 1 inch from meatus : 8 9 1 6 At. 1 inch or less than 2 inches . 12 12 5 10 At 2 inches " At 3 " " 3 . 31 24 25 27 4 " " . 25 41 31 32 At 4 " " 5 . 42 30 35 36 At 5 ' 6 " . 37 46 51 45 At 6 " " ' 7 " " . . 24 40 30 31 At 7 " " 8 . 0 20 14 11 At 8 " or more from meatus . 10 8 1 6 Situation.-The greatest number of strictures were from four to six inches, or in the first part of the urethra. In the membraneous part 15 per cent. In the prostatic part 5 per cent. This combined statistic of 300 cases confirms the observa- tions made at the report of the first series, that strictures appear in every portion of the urethra, about 15 per cent, in the membraneous ; about 5 per cent, in the prostatic portion ; some of the latter were of traumatic origin. It seems to be a mistake, to believe that there are no strictures in the prostatic portion of the urethra, and that the largest num- ber are situated within three inches from the meatus. Seances, intervals and time of treatment average exactly alike in all series reported. From one to ten operations, in some cases even more were necessary, from which fact one may draw the conclusion, that the average number of 10 stances was five to six for each case. The treatment in each case averaged two to three months. Long intervals between the stances, and weak currents are rules to which I still adhere, and which I cannot impress too strongly on opera- tors as most important points in these operations. The intervals ought to be once a week or more, but in case of necessity may be shortened; each stance lasted from two to ten minutes; I do not like to prolong it more, except for good reasons. The electric current is from three to five milliamperes of a good galvanic battery, having a steady current; which is equal to from six to ten cells. Precision and measurement of the electric current are desirable, if a good galvanometer can be procured. Observations.-The length of time patients were under observation after treatment differs widely in the the three series, for good and natural reasons. The patients recorded in the first series were under observation from three and one-half to eleven years, which is an average time to from six to seven years in each case. I have shown above the object and result of such observations ; and certainly it has been proven that during years after the treatment the cali- bre of the urethra, when once sufficiently enlarged, or cured if you please, did not suffer any contraction. This principle or effect of the electrolysis is also proven in the second series of 100 cases, but not in such a striking degree. This is most natural for several reasons. These cases were all treated lately, within a few years. Next the cases were not selected, but reported almost as consecutive cases, as found in the note book. There is no claim that these cases were all cured, the record speaks for itself and shows how far they were improved, or a good reason why they were not more improved, Even in this series in most cases a reasonable time had elapsed for observation, and many re-examina- tions have shown that no contraction of the urethra had taken place. These observations comprise a time between three months to five years, the largest percentage of obser- vations were made from one to three years. The time of observation in the third series of entirely consecutive cases 11 averaged two and one-third years. A small percentage of these cases were not heard from again, but as they all left off treatment, when the calibre of their urethras was respec- tively of a No. 25, 28 and 32 size French, it is presumable that they remained- well, and that such was the reason of their non-appearance again. The average time of observation in the three hundred cases was six and one-half years. Correct Diagnosis.-With the diagnosis of urethral stricture in the reported cases, writer had little to do, and mostly had only to confirm such a diagnosis already made by the best known genito-urinary surgeons. Most patients were sent by well known practitioners, many had undergone already the customary procedures in all varieties, from dilatations to all kinds of urethrotomies for years by most eminent surgeons, with the result of failure. Some patients had endured several urethrotomies and were then advised to come again for another cutting as the only means. Such was the rule in the reported cases, and therefore no doubt can be entertained of the correctness of the diagnosis of urethral stricture. In one instance No. 268, out of many others, a stricture of twenty-three years was cured by electrolysis, while treat- ment for years by dilatation and several urethrotomies had failed. An acknowledged authority pronounced it one of the worst strictures and advised perineal section. The patient is now married and has remained well for several years. 68 W. Thirty-sixth Street, New York.