871H CONGRESS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Report
9d Session No. 1488

 

 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND HEALTH, EDUCATION,
AND WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES APPROPRL-
ATION BILL, 1963

Marcu 23, 1962.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the
State of the Union and ordered to be printed

Mr. Fogarty, from the Committee on Appropriations, submitted the
following

REPORT

[Lo accompany H.R. 10904]

The Committee on Appropriations submits the following report in
explanation of the accompanying bill making appropriations for the
Departments of Labor, and Health, Education, and Welfare (except
Indian health activities), the National Labor Relations Board, the
National Mediation Board, including the National Railroad Adjust-
ment Board, the Railroad Retirement Board, the Federal Mediation
and Conciliation Service, the Interstate Commission on the Potomac
River Basin, and the United States Soldiers’ Home.

The budget estimates forming the primary bases of consideration
bv the Committee will be found in the budget appendix for 1963 on
the following pages:

Pages
Department of Labor. ....-.------------------------- 565 to 587, inclusive
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.--__-_-- 373 to 455, inclusive
National Labor Relations Board.__________-__--------- 825 and 826
National Mediation Board._.._..-..-.--_---.-------.-- 827
Railroad Retirement Board_.____-_.- 2. 830 and 831
Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service._____....._- 811
Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin______ 822
United States Soldiers’ Home-.__________--_----------- 357 and 358

72006
2 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

The detailed tabulation at the end of this report reflects each
amount included in the bill for 1963, the corresponding budget esti-
mate, and the amount available for the. fiscal year 1962 with appro-

priate comparisons.

SUMMARY OF ESTIMATES AND APPROPRIATIONS

The following table compares, on a summary basis, the appropria-
tions for 1962, the requests for 1963, and the amounts carried in the

 

 

 

 

 

 

bill:
Bill compared with—
Appropria- | Budget esti- Bill for
Department or agency tions, 1962 | mates, 1963 1963
Appropria- Budget esti-
tions, 1962 mates, 1963
Department of Labor..--.----- $643, 779, 000 |, $272, 549, 000 | $264, 326,000 | —$379, 453,000 | —$8, 223, 000
Department of Health, Edu-
cation, and Welfare... 4, 499, 812, 000 /4, 985, 100, 000 |4, 879, 380,000 | -L879, 568, 000 | —105, 720, 000
National Labor Relations
Board_-------------.-------- 19, 989, 000 20, 250,000 | . 20, 250, 000 +261, 000
National Mediation Board. ._- 1,804, 000 1, 904, 060 3, 904, 000 +100, 000
Railroad Retirement Board:
Salaries and expenses. -_-_-- {9, 740; 000]; ~~ [9; 640, 000] ‘{9, 640, 000} [—100, 000}
Payment to railroad un-
employment insurance
account. --.-.-.------ ee 10, 000, 000 |..------------|-------------- —10, 000, 000 |----.------..
Federal Mediation and Con-
ciliation Service__----------- 4, 388, 000 5, 023, 000 4, 923, 000 +535, 000
Interstate Commission on the
Potomac River Basin________ §, 000 5, 000 §,000 |__--- eee oes
United States Soldiers’ Home. [6, 052, 000] (6, 128, 000} [6, 128, 000} [4-76, 000] | [---
Total......-------------- 5,179, 777, 000 |5, 284, 881, 000 |5, 170, 788, 000 —8, 989, 000 | —114, 043, 000

 

 

 

 

 

 

CIVIL DEFENSE AND DEFENSE MOBILIZATION

From time to time over the last several years there have been
attempts to break up the appropriations for civil defense and defense
mobilization and scatter them throughout the budget. One of the
first attempts was in the budget for fiscal year 1956. The last attempt
is in the budget for 1963. The Committee’s report on the Depart-
ments of Labor and Health, Education and Welfare and related
agencies Appropriation Bill for 1956 contained the following:

The Committee has disapproved all requests, from both
Departments, for civil defense and defense mobilization
activities. It is the Committee’s firm belief that the seatter-
ing of the basic program authorities through the Executive
Branch, and the piecemeal consideration of appropriations
for these activities by the Legislative Branch can result only
in confusion and waste of public funds. It would appear
that the only business like way to handle this matter would
be for the central agency, charged with the primary responsi-
bility, to prepare and present to the Congress a total,
integrated program. The Committee will expect the Civil
Defense Administration and the Office of Defense Mobiliza-
tion each to present such a program in time for the appropri-
ate action during this session of Congress.

The Committee has, on various occasions during the intervening
years, indicated that it is still of the same opimion. All civil defense
and defense mobilization requests have been denied for both the
Ls laa of Labor and the Department of Health, Education, and

elfare.
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 3

TITLE I—DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Salaries and expenses.—-The Bill includes $14,158,000, a reduction
of $1,139,000 from the request, and an increase of $1,491,000 over the
amount. appropriated for 1962. The budget included $139,000 for
defense mobilization activities, which was denied. Thus, the bill will
allow approximately 60% of the increase requested for regular
activities.

Revision of consumer price indez—The Committee has allowed the
full amount of the request for $1,333,000 to continue the 5-year
program for revision of the consumer price index which was begun in

1960.
BUREAU OF INTERNATIONAL LABOR AFFAIRS

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $785,000, a reduction of
$165,000 from the request, and an increase of $285,000 over the amount
appropriated for 1962. The Committee was very much impressed
with the value of this program, but is also convinced that a very cred-
itable job can be done with the amount of the increase allowed in the

It.

OFFICE OF AUTOMATION AND MANPOWER

Salaries and expenses —The Bill includes $800,000 for this new office,
a reduction of $100,000 from the request. These activities are being
financed in 1962 from funds appropriated to the Office of the Secre-
tary. It is estimated that approximately $70,000 will be used for
this purpose during 1962. This appropriation will cover two general.
activities. The first is a comprehensive manpower research program
to study effects of technological change on the nation’s work force,
skill requirements, worker mobility, training and re-training require-
ments, and the effects of labor-management actions on manpower
flexibility. The second activity covers a nation-wide program of
public education, the establishment of a national clearing house on
manpower development, and the promotion of programs for testing,
counseling, training and placement of workers. It is obvious to the
Committee that with increasing automation in industry, these activ-
ities are very important. The Committee is pleased to see that the
Department has established a separate office to further call attention
to this problem and give it proper recognition. Since this is a rela-
tively new program and there will undoubtedly be some problems in
recruiting well-qualified personnel and making other arrangements
for the proper development of the program, the Committee believes
that the amount allowed will be adequate for the launching of a
really effective program.

AREA REDEVELOPMENT

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $11,041,000, a reduction
of $4,000,000 from the request, and a reduction of $2,959,000 from the
amount appropriated for 1962. The basic legislation places funding
limitations on the separate activities carried out under this appropria-
tion. The witnesses who appeared to justify this item testified that,
on the basis of current information, not more than about $6,000,000
would be required for re-training subsistence payments. Since the
4 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

budget included $10,000,000 for this purpose and, under the limita-
tions in the basic law, the remaining $4,000,000 cannot be used for
training, the committee disallowed this part of the request. If
the estimates presented to the Committee are accurate, the reduction
will not in any way affect the program. It does appear to the Com-
mittee, however, that some adjustment should be made in the author-
izing legislation to provide a little more flexibility and thus, perhaps,
for an expansion of this very important training activity.

BUREAU OF APPRENTICESHIP AND TRAINING

Salaries and expenses—The Bill includes $5,026,000, the amount of
the request, and $50,000 over the amount appropriated for 1962.
The budget included $100,000 for defense mobilization activities and
a reduction of $50,000 for the regular program of apprenticeship and
training. The Committee was very-much surprised at this action
in view of the universally recognized and much discussed need for
increasing training activities. The action of the Committee is to
deny the $100,000 requested for defense mobilization activities, but
approve the full amount of the request, thus providing for a $50,000
increase over 1962 in the regular activities.

BUREAU OF EMPLOYMENT SECURITY

Limitation on salartves and expenses—The Bill includes $11,500,000,
a reduction of $1,365,000 from the request, and $1,000,000 over the
amount appropriated for 1962. In the course of the hearings it was
testified that part of the increase requested for salaries and expenses
-was tied to increases requested in connection with the grants to States
item. It was necessary to substantially reduce the request for grants
ito States, as is explained in the next paragraph. The action of the
‘Committee on the salaries and expenses item is related to the action
on the grants item.

Timatation on grants to States—The Bill includes $350,000,000, a
reduction of $74,900,000 from the request, and a reduction of
‘$55,000,000 from the appropriation for 1962. While the Committee
feels that there is considerable merit in a substantially higher. appro-
‘priation, the legislative limitation is $350,000,000.

Unemployment compensation for Federal employees and ex-service-
men.—The Bill includes $129,000,000, a reduction of $2,000,000 from
the request, and $18,000,000 less than the amount appropriated for
1962. In view of the current predictions for increased employment
during the next year the Committee believes that the amount allowed
is sufficient.

Compliance actwities, Mexican Farm Labor Program—The Bill in-
cludes $1,640,000, a reduction of $100,000 from the request, and
$491,000 more than was appropriated for 1962. It is obvious that, to
properly carry out the recent amendments to the basic legislation,
some increase in funds for these activities is necessary. The Com-
mittee is strongly in favor of a good compliance program and believes
that the increase allowed will adequately provide for one.

Salaries and expenses, Mexican Farm Labor Program—The Bill
includes $2,178,000, a reduction of $91,000 from the request, and
$659,000 more than was appropriated for 1962. These funds come
from the Mexican farm labor supply revolving fund rather than from
the general funds of the Treasury. $500,000 of the increase results
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 5

from this appropriation assuming certain expenses that previously
were financed with funds provided under the appropriation for grants
to States. In the opinion of the Committee the cost of these activities
is clearly a proper charge against the revolving fund and should not
have been borne by the other appropriation previously.

BUREAU OF VETERANS’ REEMPLOYMENT RIGHTS

Salaries and expenses ——The Bill includes $633,000, the amount of
the request, and the same amount as was appropriated for 1962.

BUREAU OF LABOR STANDARDS

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $3,800,000, a reduction
of $119,000 from the request, and $542,000 more than was appropri-
ated for 1962.

The Committee was pleased that the Secretary has decided against
a proposal to shift the “registration and disclosure of welfare and
pension plan data” activities from this Bureau to the Bureau of Labor-
Management reports. The Committee would look with disfavor
on any major shift of this type being made without the justification
being presented to the Committee in connection with the budgets
involved.

BUREAU OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTS

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $5,675,000, a reduction of
$175,000 from the request, and $100,000 less than was appropriated
for 1962. Due to certain adjustments in the operating budget for
1962, the reduced appropriation recommended in the Bil! will provide
for the same level of employment in 1963 as prevails during the
current fiscal year.

BUREAU OF EMPLOYEES’ COMPENSATION

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $3,845,000, the amount of
the request, and $11,000 more than was appropriated for 1962.
In addition authority is provided to transfer $55,800 from the Long-
shoremen’s trust fund, the amount of the request, and $800 more than
was available for 1962.

Employees’ compensation claims and expenses—The Bill includes
$62,071,000, the amount of the request, and $1,929,000 less than was
appropriated for 1962. The decrease in this appropriation is account-
able to new financing arrangements included in Public Law 86-767,
which requires each Federal agency to reimburse this appropriation for
payments made on account of the injury or death of its employees,
based on occurrences after December 1, 1960.

WOMEN’S BUREAU

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $718,000, a reduction of
$59,000 from the request, and $50,000 more than was appropriated
for 1962. The increase requested was to add 12 positions which
would have given the Bureau a total of 85. The Committee’s rec-
ommendation would reduce this to a total of 78 positions. This is
17 more positions than the Bureau had in 1961. Especially in view
of the very considerable contribution that is expected in this field
from the President’s Commission on the Status of Women, the Com-
mittee feels that the amount allowed will be adequate.
6 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $17,715,000, a reduction
of $50,000 from the request, and $408,000 more than was appropriated
for 1962. The reduction of $50,000 is accountable solely to the
disallowance of funds requested for defense mobilization activities.

OFFICE OF THE SOLICITOR

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $4,181,000 and authoriza-
tion to transfer $122,000 from the unemployment trust fund; the
amount of the request in both instances; and an increase of $65,000
and $122,000, respectively, over the amounts appropriated for 1962.
While transfers from the unemployment trust fund have not previously
been made to this office, this does not represent a new activity, but
rather the correction of an inequity which has previously existed.
This office does considerable work directly connected with the admin-
istration of programs under the Unemployment trust fund. Under
the law the Unemployment trust fund is supposed to finance all
activities directly connected with programs authorized to be carried
out under it. The $122,000 is the Department’s best estimate of the
cos: of such activities in 1963.

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $1,905,000 and authoriza-
tion to transfer $132,000 from the Unemployment trust fund; a
reduction of $316,000 in the request for direct appropriations and
the amount requested from the trust fund; and an increase of $109,000
and $132,000, respectively, over the amounts appropriated for 1962.
The Committee has disallowed $200,000 requested for the initiation
of a new program ‘‘to improve the climate of labor-management
relations through utilizing staff assistance and expert consultants in
this specialized field.”” Very similar activities are currently performed
by the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service and the National
Mediation Board. The Committee is not convinced that there is
justification for setting up another such activity in the Office of the
Secretary of Labor. The Committee also denied $96,000 requested
for defense mobilization activities and $20,000 requested to provide
a Departmental Archives with a historian.

TITLE II—DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION,
AND WELFARE

RETARDED CHILDREN

Seven years ago in the report on the 1956 bill this Committee
started a program for retarded children. The report that year said:

So little attention has been paid to the problem that we
have only the haziest notion of what percentage of the un-
fortunate children, of at least as unfortunate parents, could
be helped medically and through educational techniques
fitting their needs, so that they could lead useful and satis-
fying lives. We have an equally hazy notion of the causes
of the problem—how much is due to brain injury, how much
is due to effect of environment, to heredity, etc.
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 7

The Committee launched a program in an attempt to find some of
the answers by appropriating $500,000 over the budget for the
National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness and $250,-
000 over the budget for the National Mental Health Institute. For
each of the years since, this Committee has seen to it that increased
support was given this program. For the current fiscal year approxi-
mately $24,000,000 of appropriated funds are being spent in this area.
The Office of Education program amounts to approximately $1,430,-
000; the Office of Vocational Rehabilitation $4,100,000; Mental health
activities, $5,300,000; Neurology and blindness activities $11,500,000;
the Children’s Bureau, $1,700,000. Much progress has been made,
but the accomplishments are small in comparison with the magnitude
of the problem. The Committee will expect the Department to in-
crease its efforts in this field during the ensuing fiscal year.

FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION

Salaries and expenses.—-The Bill includes $28,280,000, a reduction of
$120,000 from the request, and $5,280,000 more than was appropriated
for 1962. The reduction of $120,000 is attributable solely to the dis-
allowance of funds requested for civil defense activities. The Com-
mittee is very pleased that another citizen’s committee has finally
been established to review the whole area of the Food and Drug
Administration’s activities. Some Members of the Committee felt
that some adjustment in the budget for 1963 was in order, however,
it was decided to approve the budget as submitted, with the exception
of the civil defense item, pending the report of the Citizens Committee.

OFFICE OF EDUCATION

Promotion and further development of vocational education.—The Bill
includes $34,672,000, the amount of the request, and $1,000,000 more
than was appropriated for 1962. The increase of $1,000,000 will be
applied to the practical nurse training program, which will increase
the level of funding for this program from $4,000,000 to $5,000,000,
the maximum authorized by the basic legislation.

Further endowment of colleges of agriculture and the mechanic arts.—
The Bill includes $11,950,000, the amount of the request, and $3,756,-
000 more than was appropriated for 1962. The increase represents
the second of two steps to raise these grants to the maximum amount
authorized by the 1960 amendments to the Bankhead-Jones Act.

Grants for library services.—The Bill includes $7,500,000, the amount
of the request, and the same as the amount appropriated for 1962.
This program has developed into one of the best programs of the Fed-
eral Government. Several witnesses have indicated that it should
be extended to other than rural areas. There are also many unre-
solved problems and a considerable shortage of adequate library
services in cities. It seems to the Committee that these observations
‘are worthy of the consideration of the legislative committee.

Payments to school districts -—The Bill includes $282,322,000, an
increase of $50,029,000 above the request, and $51,029,000 more than
the amount appropriated for 1962. For some years there have been
proposals to change the basic law in such a way as to reduce entitle-
ments especially for such areas as the area immediately surrounding
Washington, D.C. It appears to the Committee that some of these
8 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

suggestions have merit. The fact remains that Congress has not
changed the law in this way. The Committee is convinced that this
program should be funded in accordance with the existing law in
order to keep faith with the schools and has therefore included in the
bill the exact amount that the Office of Education estimates will
be required in 1963 to meet 100 per cent of entitlements.

Assistance for school construction.—The Bill includes $63,686,000,
an increase of $8,641,000 over the amount of the request, and
$8,836,000 over the amount appropriated for 1962. The same expla-
nation applies to this item as was given in explanation of the immedi-
ate preceding item.

Defense educational actwities—The Bill includes $229,450,000, the
amount of the request and $17,823,000 more than the amount appro-
priated for 1962. It was testified by both the current Commissioner
of Education and the Commissioner of Education who immediately
preceded him, as well as by many others eminent in the field of educa-
tion, that this program has contributed more to education in this
nation than any other recently enacted program. The amount pro-
vided in the bill will either provide the maximum authorized to be
appropriated for each part of the program or, in the few instances
where this is not true, will fully fund the estimated, approvable appli-
cations for funds to be received in fiscal year 1968.

Expansion of teaching in education of the mentally retarded —The
Bill includes $1,000,000, the amount of the request and the same
amount as was appropriated for 1962. While this amount is the
maximum which is authorized to be appropriated by the basic legisla-
tion, the Committee received a great deal of testimony indicating that
this sum falls far short of meeting the great need for further expansion
of this program. It is hoped by many that better recognition of the
need will be forthcoming through an expansion of the legislative
authorization.

Expansion of teaching in education of the deaf—The Bill includes
$1,500,000, the amount of the request, and a technical reduction of
$75,000 from the amount appropriated for 1962. Last year the re-
quest and the appropriation included $75,000 for administration of
this program which costs have been transferred for 1963 to the appre-
priation “Salaries and expenses’. The amount appropriated for
program costs in 1962 is the same as the amount recommended in the
bill for 1963. As for the preceding item, the amount recommended is
the maximum authorized to be appropriated. Testimony: before the
Committee left absolutely no doubt that a great deal more than this
is necessary to adequately cope with this large problem.

Cooperative research The Bill includes $6,985,000, a reduction of
$4,015,000 from the request, and $1,985,000 more than was appro-
priated for 1962. The Bill will provide for exactly the amount
budgeted for financing the program in fiscal year 1963. The reduction
of $4,015,000 represents the amount which was budgeted for fi-
nancing after 1963. The Committee is of the firm opinion that this
and similar programs should be financed on an annual basis and
subjected to an annual review by Congress before additional funds are
appropriated. In each instance where the Department has requested
funds for so-called ‘‘full-funding’” the committee has disallowed the
sums requested for fiscal year 1964 and beyond.

Certain portions of the budgeted program were described as “pro-
grammed research’ and the remaining portions were described as
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 9

‘““anprogrammed research.” The Committee was assured that no
cooperative research project applications would be funded unless
evaluated and approved by the Research Advisory Committee. The
Committee was pleased to have this assurance, but in addition to this,
the Committee feels that the same degree of financing with regard to
the priority ratings assigned by that Committee should prevail in all
areas of research carried out under this appropriation.

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $12,250,000, a reduction
of $491,000 from the request, and $656,000 more than was appropri-
ated for 1962. Annualization of new positions authorized in 1962
and other related costs will require approximately $145,000 of the
increase allowed. In applying the remainder of the increase for 1963,
it is the strong desire of the Committee that primary attention be
given to strengthening educational statistics. There has been a
considerable amount of justifiable criticism of the Office of Educa-
tion because of the lack of timely and reliable information in this area.

In the report on the 1962 appropriation bill, the committee indicated
that it was disappointed that the very important activities In connec-
tion with the mentally retarded and other handicapped children had
not been given a more prominent place in the organizational structure
of the Office. It was pointed out that the only place where this
activity was identified was so far down that it did not even show in
the justification materials submitted to the Committee. The report
stated:

The committee feels that this activity is of enough im-
portance, and is of enough interest throughout the nation,
that consideration should be given to designating an assistant
to the Commissioner to be in charge of the Office’s. activi-
ties in connection with retarded and other exceptional
children, and children with speech and hearing defects.

Since last year there has been some reorganization within the Office
of Education and the former section on exceptional children has now
been made a branch. Perhaps this is paying lip service to the Com-
mittee’s indication that these activities should be given more recog-
nition, however, the Committee is still of the opinion that this recog-
nition is not in keeping with the magnitude of the problems and the
interest of the people of the Nation.

Salaries and expenses (special foreign currency program).—The Com-
mittee has denied the request for $400,000 to reinstitute this program.
No convincing testimony was presented to indicate that sufficient
information of value would be secured to warrant the appropria-
tion of these funds.

OFFICE OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION

Grants to States —The Bill includes $72,940,000, the amount of the
request, and $8,490,000 more than was appropriated for 1962. The
increase in funds is directly attributable to an increase in the estimated
amounts of state funds which will be available for matching purposes.
It has been testified many times that the government receives approxi-
mately $10 in return for every $1 spent on this program. The Com-
mittee feels that from a dollar and cents point of view as well as from
a humanitarian point of view, the appropriation for 1963 should
continue the established policy of encouraging the states to advance

H. Rept. 1488, 87-22
10 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

their rehabilitation programs as rapidly as possible. The Committee
has therefore approved the full amount of Federal funds that are
estimated to be necessary to match all of the State funds which will
be provided for the basic program in 1963.

While the Committee is far from satisfied with the progress that has
been made to date, it is pleased to note that current estimates are
that, in 1962, the number rehabilitated will reach 100,000 for the
first time. With the level of funding provided in the bill and estimates
of funding at the state level, 110,400 people are estimated to be re-
habilitated next year.

For some years the Committee has been concerned that the States
have not given as much attention as they should to rehabilitation of
the deaf. This tends to obscure the needs of deaf people. It would
be helpful to the Committee if in future budget presentations OVR
would bring out its accomplishments and plans for the rehabilitation
of the deaf separately from any other disability group.

Research and training —The Bill includes $24,500,000, an increase
of $600,000 over the request and $4,250,000 more than was appro-
priated for 1962. Last year the Committee heard considerable testi-
mony from outstanding leaders in the field of vocational rehabilitation
which convinced the Committee of the need to inaugurate a program of
regional institutes for rehabilitation to promote graduate medical
education and medical research in the rehabilitation of physically
handicapped persons. The Committee is pleased to note that two
such centers have been started with the funds, in excess of the budget
request, the Committee recommended for 1962. One of these centers
has been established in Minneapolis and the other in New York.
The budget included funds to continue the two regional institutes
that have already been started but did not include any funds to start
additional centers of this type. While there is a strong body of
opinion that this part of the program should be expanded in 1963, the
Committee decided not to recommend additional funds at this time
but will review the program and make its recommendations after
ther is time for the two centers to gain experience and indicate
results.

The small increase recommended over the budget will allow for a
further expansion of the training program. It is the desire of the
Committee that special attention be given to the area of speech and
hearing defects.

Research and training (special foreign currency program).—The Bill
includes $1,500,000, a reduction of $500,600 from the request, and
$128,000 more than was appropriated for 1962. In general the
committee has been disappointed with the special foreign currency
programs provided for in this bill. However, in connection with this
particular program good work is being done which the Committee
feels sure will benefit this country directly and will be of benefit in
contributing to improved international relations. This is the only
special foreign currency program for which the Committee is recom-
mending an increase in 1968 over the amount appropriated for 1962.

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $2,486,000, the amount of
the request, and $161,000 more than the appropriation for 1962.
The increase will allow for some expansion to give administrative
support to the expanding grant programs and will establish a small
program of direct research.
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 11

PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE

Buildings and facilities —The Bill includes $31,000,000, an increase:
of $4,000,000 over the request, and $12,770,000 more than the appro-
priation for 1962. The largest item included in this appropriation is:
$10,280,000 for construction of a much needed cancer research facility
to relieve crowded conditions and provide better facilities for this
very important work. Other significant items are $4,850,000 for con-
struction of an extension of the master utilities system at the National
Institutes of Health which is a necessity in view of the increase in
facilities and personnel to be serviced; $4,000,000 for the construction
of water pollution control laboratories authorized by the latest amend-
ments to the water pollution control act; and $3,200,000 to equip the
Communicable Disease Center facility for which funds were appropri-
ated last year.

The increase of $4,000,000 over the request will provide for the
construction of two water quality standards research laboratcries;
one for fresh-water and one for salt water.

Experts throughout the Nation are demanding realistic water
quality standards. This need is confirmed by the alarming number
of fish kills, the increasing difficulties in purifying municipal water
supplies, and by the increasing incidence of offensive taste and odors
and unsightly discoloration found in both our streams and our house-
hold drinking water. The Committee recommends that such stand-
ards of water quality for all uses—the protection of aquatic life and
wildlife, industrial, agricultural, recreational and other uses—be de-
veloped. We need to know with much greater precision the water
quality requirements for the various water uses. Only when the
water pollution control administrator is armed with this knowledge
can we expect to fully safeguard water users, design the kinds of
treatment facilities that will meet these standards effectively and
economically, and understand the changes that are deteriorating
water resources.

High in the need to develop water quality standards is that of
determining the requirements for aquatic life, both fresh water and
marine. The Nation’s fishery resource is dwindling steadily and
aside from the loss of this commercial and recreational resource which
we cannot afford, there is a danger signal. If fish cannot live in the
water we use to drink and process our food, something is wrong and
we need to take immediate steps to find the cause. Our fishery
resource can well serve us as the “canary in the mine.”

Accident prevention.—The bill includes $3,668,000, the amount of
the request, and $50,000 more than was appropriated for 1962. The
prevention of accidents, accidental deaths, and injuries is a “must”
from the standpoint of protecting and improving the Nation’s health.
Accidents kill over 92,000 and injure over 45 million people each year
according to statistics from the National Health Survey and. the
National Office of Vital Statistics. This program provides for re-
search and epidemiological investigations to give essential information
about accident causes and preventive measures with special emphasis
on the role of human factors; pilot studies and demonstrations to test
and introduce preventive programs; and technical assistance, consul-
tation, and training to strengthen and assist State and local agencies
and organizations that wish to start preventive programs. The com-
mittee feels that the amount recommended is the minimum that
should be provided for these purposes.
12 UABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

. Chronie diseases and health of the aged. —The Bill includes $22,942,000,
the amount of the request, and $11,984,000 more than was appro-
riated for 1962. By far the greater part of the increase is in the area
of grants. The amount recommended in the bill includes an increase
of $7,000,000 for grants to states to assist in expanding and improv-
ing state-wide programs for the development of community facilities
and services for the care of the aged and chronically ill. There is also
an increase of $3,681,000 for project grants to states or other public
or non-profit private agencies for studies and demonstrations which
look toward the development of new and improved methods for pro-
viding services outside the hospital.

The chief of the division that administers this program set forth
four points as being the creeds for his program as he sees it. ‘‘First,
disability can be prevented; second, it can be reversed; third, the dis-
abled can be cared for at home; and fourth, while it is appropriate for
some individuals to be cared for in institutions, there are many others
for whom institutional care is inappropriate, inefficient, and I think
inhumane.” The Committee was impressed both with the validity
of these basic concepts and with the program which was presented.
As with the Vocational Rehabilitation Program, the Committee is
thoroughly convinced that this program is well justified both from
the point of view of human benefits and also from the point of view
of straight economics. There is no doubt that enormous dollar savings
in hospital bills can result from this program.

Communicable disease activities —The Bill includes $10,062,000, the
amount of the request, and $62,000 more than was appropriated for
1962: The main item of increase is to assist states in achieving more
adequate and accurate laboratory work at state and local levels.
This is the keystone of all effective communicable disease public
health programs, and is recognized not only by public health officials
but by the practicing physicians who depend on these laboratory tests
for diagnosis.

Community health practice and research.—The Bill includes $25,776,-
000, the amount of the request, and $1,440,000 more than was
appropriated for 1962. This is a relatively new division in the U.S.
Public Health Service. In 1960 the Study Group on the Mission and
Organization of the Public Health Service recommended combining,
within a single division, activities related to medical care and public
health administration. To accomplish this the division of Community
Health Services was established in November 1961. It is obvious
that there are considerable deficiencies in this area of public health.
The increase provided in the bill will partially correct them.

Taking into consideration comparative transfers the actual increase
allowed is $3,571,600. By far the largest item of increase is $2,727,000
for expansion of the training grant programs. This is broken down
into $2,000,000 for traineeships and $727,000 for grants to the twelve
accredited schools of public health. This part of the program is basic
to any effort to improve the public health services of the country.

Control of tuberculosis —The Bill includes $6,493,000, the amount
of the request, and the same as the amount appropriated for 1962.
The budget contained a shift in emphasis from formula grants to
states to project grants; the latter to be based on the Surgeon General’s
determination of where the needs for additional activities in this area
are the greatest. The proposal was to increase the project grants
amount from $500,000 to $1,500,000, and decrease the grants to states
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 13.

on a mathematical formula basis from $3,500,000 to $2,500,000. The
Gommittee approves the principal involved but is of the opinion that
too great a shift was proposed, which would result in a decrease for
some states great enough to be harmful to the program. The Com-
mittee has approved a shift of $500,000 rather than $1,000,000; thus
making the project grants $1,000,000 and the formula grants
$3,000,000.

Control of venereal diseases —The Bill includes $7,000,000 the amount
of the request, and $1,000,000 more than the amount appropriated
for 1962. In its report last year the Committee directed the Public
Health Service to make a thorough restudy of this program and be
prepared with recommendations for a program that would result in
the eradication of syphilis. A task force was selected to make this
study under the Chairmanship of Dr. Leona Baumgartner, Commis-
sioner of Health, City of New York. The task force report was
submitted very shortly before hearings were held on this portion of
the budget. ‘Phe Committee was told that work would start imme-
diately on preparation of a request for a supplemental appropriation
to carry out the recommendations of the task foree report. The
Committee is extremely disappointed that no plan of action to carry
out these recommendations has yet been submitted to the Congress.

Dental services and resources.—The bill includes $2,506,000, the
amount of the request, and $6,000 more than was appropriated for
1962. Since expenses amounting to $100,000 are transferred to the
Office of the Surgeon General for 1963 the actual net increase recom-
mended in the bill is $106,000. This is another relatively new
division in the U.S. Public Health Service and is doing excellent work.
This year the division has established a new dental health center in
San Francisco. This was established on July 1, 1961, and formally
opened in November. It has already inaugurated programs of applied
research and training which should have considerable impact on the
dental health movement in future years. In view of the newness of
this division and the great importance of the work which is assigned
to it, some Members of the Committee were disappointed that no
further progress was proposed in the 1963 budget. However, it was
the consensus that these activities should be watched carefully during
the ensuing year and that the Committee would be in a better position
to assess the need for further expansion a year from now.

Nursing services and resources.—The Bill includes $8,438,000, the
amount of the request, and $763,000 more than was appropriated
for 1962. Taking into consideration adjustments for comparative
transfers and nonrecurring expenses, the actual net increase is
$878,900. Of this amount $721,000 is for nurse traineeship grants to
assist in the effort to reduce the very large shortage of trained nurses.
This amount is divided $400,000 for the long-term program and
$321,000 for the short-term program. The increase will support
approximately an additional 100 nurses in the long term and 1,600
nurses in the short term programm.

Hospital construction activities —The Bill includes $188,572,000, an
increase of $12,352,000 over the request, and $22,928 000 less than the
amount appropriated for 1962. For actual construction grants the
Bill contains exactly the same amount as was contained in the Bill as
it passed the House last year; that is, $125,000,000 for general hos-
pitals and $60,000,000 for facilities pursuant to part G which covers.
diagnostic or treatment centers, hospitals for the chronically ill and
{4 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

impaired, rehabilitation facilities, and nursing homes. For non-
construction activities the Bill includes $1,800,000 for research author-
ized in Section 636, which is the amount of the budget request less the
amount requested for financing after fiscal year 1963; and $1,772,000
for administration and technical services which amount is equal to
the amount available for 1962, but is $248,000 less than the amount
requested.

Last year this Committee recommended an appropriation. of
$10,000,000 for grants to construct hospital research facilities. Out-
standing doctors from the Mayo Clinic and Rochester Methodist
Hospital of Rochester, Minnesota, appeared before the Committee
and presented the results of research which they had done on a small
scale with an experimental unit connected with the Methodist Hos-
pital. These doctors were convinced that by a rather radical hospital
design, a very substantial savings in hospital care could be effected.
Their testimony was convincing enough to this Committee and to the
Congress that a special appropriation for which no provision was made
in the budget was recommended and became law. The Committee is
extremely disappointed at the obvious lack of progress and the Public
Health Service’s apparent lack of interest in this program. This was
thoroughly discussed during the hearings. The Committee hopes
that the indications of its feelings during the course of the hearings
and through this report will stir the Department to a little more
activity.

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ACTIVITIES

The following six appropriation items all deal with problems in the
field of environmental health.

Recognizing the increasing environmental health problems facing
the Nation, this Committee requested three years ago that the
Surgeon General prepare a special report on these problems. This
report highlighted the varied environmental health problems we
now face and the need for corrective action. A recent authoritative
study was made by an outstanding group of experts in the environ-
mental health sciences under the chairmanship of Dr. Paul Gross of
Duke University, the current President of the American Association
for the Advancement of Science. This group concluded, “That a
national need exists for the establishment and maintenance of a vigor-
ous and integrated effort to maintain control over the human environ-
ment compatible with projections of change in both population and
the environment itself.’ The report points out the need for leader-
ship by the Federal Government to develop this effort and recom-
mended that, “The focus of this national effort should be centered in
the U.S. Public Health Service.” It further recommended that the
Service take appropriate steps to meet the manpower needs for environ-
mental health programs, that a reinforcement of existing categorical
programs is necessary, and that a central facility located in the
Washington area should be established to provide a point of national
leadership for all the environmental health programs.

The Committee concurs in the belief that the Public Health Service
should expand its environmental health programs to a level sufficient
to cope with the ever increasing health problems resulting from the
contamination of the air, water, and food; the increasing exposure of
the population to ionizing radiation, as well as the special hazards to
which workers are exposed in their working environment. Such a
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 15

program must involve expanded support through grants for extra-
moural research and training so we may better utilize the existing
research potential outside the government as well-as train the scien-
tific manpower needed to carry on these expanding environmental
health programs.

In 1962 at this Committee’s insistence, for the first time research
grants in the environmental health area have been separately set
forth in the Public Health Service appropriations. This separate
identification together with the increased scientific interest to these
problems has been followed by an upsurge in the number of grant
applications for environmental health research projects.

There are many complex interrelationships among environmental
health problems which must be considered as parts of a whole. This
necessitates an integration of research and control methods, utilizing
the skills of many professional disciplines and specialties—medical,
biological, physical, chemical, social sciences, and mathematics. The
growth of research in environmental health is dependent on developing
and sustaining strong graduate training programs. ‘The Committee
notes that substantial deficiencies in scientific manpower exist, and
the problem will be aggravated in the years ahead unless the training
of additional personnel is vigorously promoted and prosecuted.

The Committee was pleased to note that the budget provided for
some increase for each of the environmental health programs, but
believes that the budget presented to it is inadequate to meet the
projected needs. It has therefore recommended an increase over
the budget for air pollution control, water supply and water pollution
control, and for the construction of water quality laboratories.

Air pollution control—The Bill includes $11,069,000, an increase of.
$1,000,000 over the amount of the request, and $2,269,000 more than
was appropriated for 1962.

The Committee is impressed with the seriousness of the air pollution
problem. In addition to the extensive economic damage, which
amounts to $7.5 billion annually, there is real concern over the effects
on man’s health. Increasing deaths from lung cancer plague the
Nation, and evidence has been presented that this is linked with air
pollution, Serious respiratory illnesses are increasing, such as
emphysema and asthma. Munor respiratory illnesses, causing ab-
sence from work and much of the discomfort of man, appear to be
influenced by air pollutants. Man is not the only living thing
afflicted, either. Cattle are sickened and die from air pollutants,
food crops are killed or otherwise seriously affected, and trees, flowers
and shrubs are poisoned. Every bit of evidence seems to show that
this problem and its sad effects will increase as our population, urban-
ization, industrialization and technological civilization increase and
expand. This problem cannot be solved in a year or two; only further
research can provide the answers to help prevent an increasingly
serious situation,

The Public Health Service’s summary of its six years of activity
demonstrates a commendable vigor in attacking and assessing the
problem. Photochemical smog, once thought peculiar to southern
California, has been found in many American cities; lead, a very toxic
hazard, has been shown to be found in community air and this is re-
lated to its use in gasoline in automobiles—its presence in the blood
of residents of these communities is of real concern; a serious and fatal
episode has been shown to have occurred in New York City causing
16 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

over 200 deaths as a result of air pollution. Even more significantly,
researchers have produced lung cancers in animals, as a result, in part,
of breathing polluted air.

Much yet needs to be done—more research on unsolved problems
is vitally necessary. At the same time, the Committee feels that use
and application of existing knowledge is equally vital. The program
of the Service has not been sufficiently.comprehensive to provide the
guidance and assistance necessary to accomplish desirable control.

The President, in his recent Message on Program for Protection
of Consumer Interests, has again expressed his concern in regard to
air pollution and indicated action the Department should take in
regard to automotive exhaust emissions. The Committee agrees and
has increased the budget by $1,000,000 with the intention that a
major portion of it be used for more research in this field.

This Committee has for years prodded the Department and indi-
cated its dissatisfaction with the petroleum and automobile industry
in not taking a more active interest and in not doing more work on
this very important problem. A little more has been done in the
last two or three years, but especially these two major industries
should be doing a lot more.

One has to go no further than to walk from the Capitel to the House
Office Building to be well aware of the obnoxious fumes and smoke
that pour out from the buses in our capital city. There is no ques-
tion as to their being obnoxious; how dangerous they are no one now
knows. We should know more about the danger and we. should
certainly do more to control such a public nuisance.

The Committee notes that the exhaust afterburners for cars pres-
ently advocated as a solution to this urgent problem are costly and
will require complicated systems of Inspection and maintenance, cost-
ing the car owner substantial sums. We believe that more effort
should be expended towards the development of more efficient engine
design which would decrease emissions from automobiles. The Com-
mittee endorses the President’s action to direct the Department to
work with the automobile industry but, as mentioned above, also
believes the automobile industry is doing far too little in attempting
to solve this problem.

Milk, food, interstate and community sanitation —The Bill includes
$7,502,000, the amount of the request, and $78,000 more than was
appropriated for 1962. Taking into consideration non-recurring con-
struction costs in 1962 and comparative transfers, the actual increase
proposed for 1968 is approximately $1,200,000 more than the com-
parable amount available for 1962.

The Committee was impressed with the significance of problems
being attacked under the program of Environmental Engineering and
Food Protection. Through this activity a coordinated effort is being
directed toward solving a variety of environmental problems which
are of mounting concern to local health and health-related agencies,
particularly in urban centers.

Milk is one of our Nation’s most important foods as well as being
one of the most widely-produced products. Milk production and
handling methods on the farm, as well as processing techniques in
dairy plants, are undergoing revolutionary changes associated with
new technological developments. These changes have markedly
affected established health safeguards and therefore impose the need
for thorough investigations of their public health implications. Some
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 17

of the laboratery tests which have been traditionally used by the
industry and by milk sanitation control agencies have been made
obsolete. The Committee was pleased therefore to learn that the
Public Health Service has been able to develop recently a modified
phosphatase test through which the performance of newly developed
pasteurization processes can be checked. However, there is much
to be done in milk research with pathogenic organisms, including
viruses, and studies on the new ultra-high temperature processing
methods which are on the brink of commercial utilization. In its
reports for the last two years the Committee has stated its interest in
seeing that more emphasis was placed on milk problems. It is dis-
concerting therefore to note that the Interstate Milk Certification
Program is still operating on an inadequate basis. At present the
level of PHS evaluations of State milk programs and spot checks of
field conditions is only about seventy-five percent of requirements.
The Interstate Milk Certification Program, begun in 1951, now
facilitates the interstate movement of approximately 9-billion pounds
of milk each year and is still growing. In view of the public health
significance of this activity, the Committee will expect that a more
thorough job be done in the future.

In the field of food service sanitation, the Committee noted that
PHS will soon issue a new Mood Service Sanitation Manual for use by
States, cities and industry. Such a practical guide for sanitary control
of potentially hazardous foods is seriously needed because an esti-
mated one million cases of food-borne illness occur each year. During
1968 the Service will initiate a very modest field demonstration of the
new food-protection techniques developed through research and
incorporated into the manual.

Last year this Committee directed the establishment of two shellfish
sanitation research centers to investigate problems relating to these
marine foods resulting from hazards from viruses, bacteria, radio-
activity, Marine toxins, and chemicals. Good salt-water sites, suitable
for research activities, have been made available at no cost to the
government. Relationships have been established with research and
professional organizations in the general vicinities of the planned
centers. The Committee was disappointed that the estimates before
it provided no funds for getting the technical staff and the specialized
equipment necessary to operate these centers when they are built.
Research programs outlined fer the Committee are urgent and should
be started. It would be sensible to have the centers staffed and
equipped not later than the end of fiscal year 1963.

Under urging of this Committee the PHS has placed greater
emphasis on the sanitation surveillance of interstate carriers-——airlines,
railroads, vessels and buses—-which transport over 2-million persons
daily. In this program, new drinking water standards have been
recently promulgated which include radioactivity and organic chemi-
cals for the first time. These standards are, in effect, the U.S. national
standards, because nearly 100-million people drink water from the
public water supplies certified by PHS for interstate carrier use. The
Committee noted with interest that this program, in cooperation with
NIH, is conducting studies on whether correlation exists between
drinking water quality and the incidence of chronic diseases, such as
heart disease, cancer and arthritis. We hope this unique investigation
will be pursued vigorously.

H. Rept. 1488, 87-23
18 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

“The Committee is pleased to note the response of the scientific
community in universities and other extramural research institutions
in undertaking research in these important areas and feels sure that as
the research grants program matures very meaningful results will be
contributed to the better understanding of these complex problems in
the broad field of environmental engineering and food protection,
Jt is recognized that pressing needs of the future rely upon increased
current emphasis in research on fundamental aspects of viral and.
chemical contaminants of foods; individual household water supplies;
recreational facilities; and the broad spectrum of problems relating
to the environmental health aspects of concentrations of population
in urban areas.

Occupational health ——The Bill includes $4,022,000 the amount of
the request, and $41,000 more than was appropriated for 1962.

Although many of the large industries in this country have occupa-
tional health programs, the majority of workers do not have the
benefit of such programs nor do their employers have the resources
to carry on the kinds of studies required to determine the nature of
occupational hazards and the measures required for their control.
That neglect. of these problems can prove disastrous is demonstrated
in the $12,000,000 annual compensation costs being borne by the
taxpayers of Pennsylvania as a result of uncontrolled dust diseases
in the coal miners of that State. Serious difficulties in the uranium
mines is presaged by the steadily rising deaths from lung cancer in
this group of workers—now between 5 and 10 times the expected rate.

We are constantly being made aware of the large number of new
chemicals and processes being introduced each year. The rapid rate
precludes detailed, comprehensive testing of each for potential health
hazard. The Committee was pleased to learn of the progress made by
toxicologists of the Division of Occupational Health in developing
tests that will measure toxic damage from some chemicals before the
injury becomes permanent and while corrective measures may be
taken. It is apparent to the Committee that new and better toxi-
cologic testing procedures are going to be required to keep pace with
the rapidly changing man-made environment, both within industry
and the community. The development of such measures will require
vigorous research efforts both in the universities and within the intra-
mural program of the Division.

Some improvement has been made in the control of health hazards
in the uranium mines. Nevertheless, the rising number of deaths
from lung cancer warns that there can be no slackening of control
efforts. Because the high levels of radiation to which these workers
are exposed presents unique opportunities for the assessment of the
effects of such radiation, the Public Health Service is urged to study
this group of workers with extreme thoroughness. The results of such
studies will be invaluable in helping assess the accuracy of our stand-
ards for radiation safety in other population groups.

The past year was the first for a research grants program in the
field of occupational health. The many unmet research needs in this
area were emphasized in the Gross Committee report and in testimony
before the Committee. The Committee was encouraged by the fact
that during the first year of this program 40 new research projects
were begun and will watch, with a great deal of interest, the progress
of this new phase of the program.
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 19

Radiological health.—The Bill includes $15,875,000, the amount of
the request, and $5,228,000 more than was appropriated for 1962.

The Committee feels strongly the urgency which has been added
to the need for protection of the public from the hazards of ionizing
radiation by the resumption of atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons.
The Committee is impressed by the response of the Division of Radi-
ological Health of the Public Health Service to the problems created
by the fallout from the Soviet nuclear weapons testing last fall. Tt is
recognized, however, that this effective action was possible only
through the postponement of such important work as cooperative
X-ray projects with States and epidemiological studies of long term
radiation effects on man. Such postponement cannot be carried on
indefinitely. Actually, the importance of longer range programs such
as research on the relationships between radiation dose and effects
upon man and control efforts in connection with other sources of
radiation exposure is increased by the resumption of testing.

With the resumption of atmospheric weapons testing by the
Russians last September, control of radiation at the source was not
possible, and a major shift in the program approach to development
of environmental controls had to be made. ‘This situation requires
additional effort in three important areas:

1. Prediction and measurement of levels from weapons testing.

2. Study of effects of the radioactive materials on humans.

3. The development and application of control and counter-
meéasures to reduce exposure levels.

The Committee is impressed by the progress that the division has
made in initiating national epidemiological studies of population
groups exposed to increased radiation exposure. In particular, a
follow-up study of patients receiving radioiodine for treatment of
hyperactive thyroid is well under way. It is essential that such
studies, which will require long periods to develop significant data, be
undertaken as rapidly as possible.

Progress has been made in radiation control in connection with
exposures of patients to X-rays in dental practice. A very effective
technique for determining the necessary modifications of dental
equipment has been developed by the division. This technique
called the “surpak” method, permits a survey of a dental X-ray in-
stallation without the necessity of an actual visit by scarce technical
personnel to the dentist’s office. The Committee hopes that progress
in this direction can be made in the field of medical X-rays.

Testimony brought out that the appropriation request of $15,875,000
was developed prior to the resumption of nuclear weapons testing in
the atmosphere. Questioning by the Committee revealed that a
proposed amendment to the 1963 budget request was submitted by
the Department to the Bureau of the Budget. The Committee does
not understand why the Bureau of the Budget has not yet taken
action on this amendment.

Water supply and water pollution control——The Bill includes
$24,607,000, an increase of $1,000,000 over the request, and $4,279,000
more than was appropriated for 1962.

Water pollution has become the No. 1 natural resources problem
confronting this Nation. It is a direct result of our population and
industrial growth. More people, more industry, and new technologi-
cal developments are creating more water pollution. The situation is
all to manifest in the increasing number and scope of fish kills, the
20 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

vast water areas being closed to recreation, the growing concern over
the mass of pollutants reaching city water supplies and industry’s
search for new locations where there is ample and suitable water.

Fifty years ago water pollution was indeed a local problem and
could be dealt with as such. Today it is a national problem, not
only in scope but in concern and responsibility, requiring a fuli Federal-
State-local-industrial cooperative approach. We must protect and
conserve the quality of the Nation’s water resources for use for all
purposes—-domestic and municipal water supplies, industrial supplies,
propagation of fish and aquatic life and wildlife, recreation, agriculture,
and other legitimate purposes. It is a job that must be done.

The impacts of changing patterns of land and water use on water
quality and the biological life it must sustain cannot be over empha-
sized; erosion and siltation from the highway program; new fertilizer
and insecticides from agriculture; heat from power generators; new
industrial wastes and new and complex substances in municipal wastes
are detrimental to the natural biological life in the stream. The
seriousness of this situation is that as we weaken and destroy the
biological life in the stream—not just the fish but the entire food
chain—we destroy the stream’s ability to purify itself. Thus, we not
only pollute the streams but we take away nature’s primary defense
against the effects of pollution.

_ Significant accomplishments have been made under the Federal
Water Pollution Control Act and its 1961 Amendments. This prog-
ress highlights the opportunity to do much more. Eighteen Federal
enforcement actions have been taken to abate serious and long-
standing interstate pollution problems. These actions have involved
more than 250 cities, and more than this number of industries.
Results of these enforcement actions will be the construction of treat-
ment works valued at well over $500,000,060. Furthermore, it will
mean pollution abatement in more than 5,000 miles of major rivers.

Research on the increasingly complex problems of water pollution
has been expanded—both in the direct Federal program and m
research grants to universities. In this way the best of the Nation’s
research talent both within and outside of Government are brought
to bear on these problems. A significant achievement under the 1961
Amendments has been the beginning of a research project to develop
more effective processes for treating municipal waste waters—so that
as they flow downstream they may be safely re-used by other com-
munities. Another important research undertaking will define the
knowledge needed to make the best use of valuable waters stored in
reservoirs for the purpose of release when needed to maintain water
quality downstream.

Comprehensive programs to control existing pollution and prevent
future pollution are under way in five of the country’s major river
basins. These programs developed in cooperation with the States,
interstate agencies, municipalities and industries will provide a blue-
print for managing water quality for all uses for a projected period of
.50 years.

Although progress is encouraging, the Committee feels that more
‘needs to be done than can be accomplished with the budget request
for fiscal year 1963. This is based on the testimony of both Govern-
ment and many outside witnesses. The increase recommended, while
welatively small, will allow for stepping up progress in this vital area.
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 21

Grants for waste treatments works construction.—The Bill includes
$90,000,000, the amount of the request, and $10,000,000 more than
was appropriated for 1962. The stimulation afforded by the Federal
construction grants program has greatly increased the building of
needed municipal waste treatment works. A total of 3,325 grants for
$275,000,000 has been made since passage of the Act in 1956. These
Federal grants have been matched by $1,350,000,000 of local funds—a
ratio of 5 local dollars to each Federal dollar. When completed,
these Federally-supported construction projects will abate pollution in
37,000 miles of streams. The amount carried in the Bill is the maxi-
mum authorized to be appropriated under the Water Pollution Control
Act as amended, but is far short of being sufficient to finance the ap-
provable grant applications which are expected to be on hand in 1963.

Hospitais and medical care—The Bill includes $50,259,000, the
amount of the request, and $424,000 more than was appropriated for
1962.

Foreign quarantine activities—The Bill includes $5,892,000, an
increase of $1,600,000 over the request, and $192,000 less than the
amount appropriated for 1962. The Public Health Service examines
many aliens before they leave their home country to come to the
United States, so that, if they have a quarantinable disease or for
some other reason would not be eligible to enter the United States
under the quarantine laws and regulations, they can be stopped
before making the trip to the United States port of entry. This had
been a free service until charges were instituted December 1, 1961.
The proposal submitted in the budget provided that the fees which
are collected be credited to this appropriation and thus reduce
the amount of the appropriation required. The Committee is in
complete agreement that fees should be charged; however, the
proposal to include language in the appropriation bill authorizing
these fees to be deposited to this account has not been approved.
Tn addition to the fact that this would be legislation, it appears
to the Committee that the tetal expense of this activity will be
more clearly set forth and understood if it is on a direct appropria-
tion basis. It also appears to the Committee that a definite appro-
priation will allow for better planning of these activities than would
be possible were a portion of the funding on a fee basis and thus not
definitely determinable until the end of the fiscal year.

The $1,600,000 which the Committee recommends be added to
the budget request represents the exact amount which the Public
Health Service estimated will be collected in fees during 1963.
The action of the Committee, therefore, is to approve the budget as
submitted except that the fees collected will be deposited to miscel-
laneous receipts of the Treasury and not be credited to this
appropriation account.

NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH

Being deeply conscious of the vital importance of medical research
to the future welfare of the nation, the Committee has thoroughly
explored the progress, problems and potentialities of the medical
research and training programs of the National Institutes of Health.
The officials responsible for the prosecution of these programs have
testified at length; in addition, and at the request of the Committee,
numerous detailed analyses have been prepared covering progress in
22 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

the various research areas of special interest to the Congress and
inquiring into the effectiveness of newly developed devices for the
support of research and training in non-Federal institutions. The
Committee has also heard many eminent public witnesses well quali-
fied to speak authoritatively about the needs of medical research
and research training and to give the Committee candid advice about
the direction and level of support of the NIH programs if these are
to be fully developed in an effective battle against disease.

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

The record of the hearings, covering in excess of 2,000 pages, is
filled with evidences of practical achievements in the prevention, the
diagnosis and the treatment of disease which are the direct result of
the support the Congress has provided for research into disease prob-
lems through the programs administered by the National Institutes
of Health. The dividends of medical research are demonstrably so
great—not only in terms of the welfare and happiness of the individual
but in preventing the economic waste resulting from illness and dis-
ability—that the Committee remains firmly convinced that further
investment in medical research is not only amply justified but is one
of the most prudent and rewarding uses to which public funds can be
put.

Some specific examples of research achievement are given in the
sections of this report dealing with the appropriations for the indi-
vidual Institutes. These range from the development of a practical
measles vaccine, on which production for general use has already
begun, and a major step towards the development of a vaccine which
promises to ward off a high proportion of the acute respiratory dis-
eases now suffered by young children, to continued progress in de-
termining the role of viruses in cancer. Equally significant, however,
is the progress being made in the basic biological sciences on which
our understanding and ultimate conquest of the dread diseases will,
in the long run, depend. The Committee was particularly impressed
by the very recent success of two NIE scientists in probing the way
in which nucleic acids transmit hereditary characteristics from parent
to child. This achievement, which has been hailed by the scientific
community as a major breakthrough, provides a new point of de-
parture for investigations into the causes of congenital disabilities
ranging from mental retardation to the special susceptibility of some
individuals to certain diseases. This highly significant development
illustrates the validity of the Committee’s view that basic research,
which so often seems remote from practical health problems, is of
fundamental importance to future progress and must have unstinting
support if the momentum of clinical research is to be maintained.

The Committee has carefully explored and given much thought to
the future needs of our national medical research effort and specil-
cally, to the direction in which the Federal support program should
develop. It was natural that, in expanding the NIH programs,
attention should first have been given to clinical research focused
on categorical disease areas and to do this by the support of individual
investigators for specific research activities. As the programs have
grown, and as medical research throughout the country has expanded,
it has become possible for NIH to support research of short-term
practical importance and at the same time to provide for the orderly
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 23

and sound development of the basic medical and related sciences
which will be the basis for further progress and the practical achieve-
ments of tomorrow. Biomedical research now covers a wider range
of inquiry and a broader spectrum of activities. For example, in-
creasing emphasis must be given to basic biological research, to inter-
disciplinary areas—especially those involving an interplay of the
biological and physical sciences—and to the application of mathemat-
ics to the solution of biological problems. It is predictable that the
revolutions in an understanding of the dread diseases and the tools
for their ultimate conquest will most likely be derived from such
research.

Federal support mechanisms must also be increasingly extended to
include large-scale collaborative studies which combine extensive and
long-term observations of the patterns of disease in large population
groups and in different environments. Such studies, involving quite
sophisticated biostatistical techniques, make possible direct inquiry
into disease problems which do not readily lend themselves to study in
an individual clinic or in the laboratory. The perinatal project of the
National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness is a good
example of such a study.

As the level of Federal support rises, special care must be taken
over the conditions that govern the grant programs. A number of
inquiries have demonstrated that the rapid evolution of the NIH
programs over the past decade has proceeded with proper prudence
with respect to the expenditure of Federal funds and at the same
time with a sensitive appreciation of the administrative conditions
and policies that are most conducive to productive research. Pro-
gram expansion such as has been experienced in this period is only
possible and sound if the investigator and the institution broadly
share the responsibility for insuring the proper and most effective use
of the support funds made available to them.

The Committee is convinced that the Nation must be assured that
the future progress of medical research is not hampered by the lack
of adequate research resources—the physical facilities and the quali-
fied personnel. The effectiveness of Federal grant-support for re-
search still depends on parallel programs that will provide more
adequate facilities and suitably trained scientific personnel. The
Committee again heard persuasive testimony from both official and
private witnesses that facilities and manpower continue to be the
critical limitation on the pace of research in the future.

BUDGET CONSIDERATIONS

As in the past, the Committee is disappointed that the budget
estimates submitted by the Executive Branch did not rise to the
challenge presented by the opportunities for pressing the attack on
the dread diseases. The estimates do provide for modest increases
and these give an appearance of a forward-looking budget. However,
close examination by the Committee of the probable effectiveness of
the funds sought in developing the programs which they would be
called upon to sustain disclosed many disheartening deficiencies. The
budget failed, in particular, to make any provision for expanding the
crucially important research training programs and was quite inade-
quate to provide the level of research grant support that will maintain
the momentum of the increasingly effective medical research effort.
24. LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

The Committee, in inquirmg into the development of the NIH
budget within the Executive Branch, found that substantial increases
in critical items had, in fact, been requested by the National Institutes
of Health and had been approved both by the Surgeon General of the
Public Health Service and by the Secretary of the Department of
Health, Mducation, and Welfare. The Committee therefore took
these estimates as a rational basis for an assessment of NIH program
needs. These figures, though conservative in amount, reflect the
professional scientific judgment of the highly competent and reason-
able administrators of the NIH and were presented to the Bureau of
the Budget by the cabmet member responsible for insuring that the
programs of the Department represent proper expenditures of public
funds and conform to the policies of the administration.

Each item of this departmental proposal has been carefully con-
sidered by the Committee in the light of its exhaustive inquiries at the
hearings. The Committee has reduced the total appropriations from
the $855 million initially requested by NTH to $840.8 million. The
total is an increase of $60.4 million over the amount requested in the
President’s budget.

This is a conservative estimate of what is required to maintain the
steady forward movement of the country’s biomedical research effort.
Tt will, however, provide adequate support for medical research in
1963 and give further impetus te some of the research areas ef special
concern to the Congress and to the training and fellowship programs
which are needed to assure us of an adequate future supply of highly
qualified professional manpower in the biological and medical sciences.

MANPOWER REPORT

At the request of the Committee, NIH submitted 2 comprehensive
report on the estimated national requirements for medical research
manpower in 1970 and a projection of the necessary output to meet
this requirement. The report has been printed as Part 4 of cur
hearings with the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
On the basis of assessments of the expected growth in both public and
private medical research efforts which seem entirely reasonable to the
Committee, the manpower analysis indicates we shall need more than
75,000 professional workers in 1976. ‘This is roughly double the num-
ber productively engaged in medical research today. To produce
more than 35,000 additional biomedical scientists in eight years and
provide 8,000 replacements for those who die, retire or transfer to
other activities will require an average annual output during the next
eight years of about 5,000 which is half as large again as the average
annual output of the past eight years. In fact, the number of addi-
tional professional workers we must train by 1970 is somewhat greater
than the total number (about 40,000) now at work.

This task will clearly require a major national training effort of
which the medical and other health related professional schools and
the universities must bear the major burden, but which also demands
that the Federal government have a broad and vigorous training-
support policy. In the view of the Committee, the programs of the
NIH are a suitable mechanism for implementing such a policy in the
areas with which the Institutes are concerned. What is required is
funds commensurate with the magnitude of the task and some changes
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 25

in program emphases to serve special short-term and long-term needs
in various research areas. To this end the Committee has included in
the appropriations $142.8 million for training grants and $32.8 million
for fellowships—a total of $29.8 million more than the amount re-
quested for these two items in the President’s budget.

The Committee is in accord with the proposals made by the NIH,
in its supplemental statement on training fund requirements, con-
cerning the program emphases needed to meet urgent current as well
as long-range requirements. These include: (1) the attraction into
medical research of a greater number of men and women with an
interest in research who already bave an M.D. or Ph.D. degree and
can therefore be most readily made available, by appropriate scientific
training, to the research manpower pool; (2) the expansion of pre-
doctoral fellowship and training programs in the biological, physical,
and behaviorial sciences; (3) the more sharply focussed use of training
funds in the clinical area for the development of clinical scientists as
opposed to the dilution of these programs by preoccupation with the
requirements of formal certifying agencies concerned largely with
clinical practice; (4) providing—as a parallel program to the fore-
going but with longer-range objectives—an opportunity for par-
ticularly competent postbaccalaureate students to acquire, while in
medical school, a truly scientific training, it bemg fully recognized
that such a program must be designed to strengthen the medical
school and not deter it from its larger responsibility for producing
highly qualified practitioners.

The Committee has taken particular note of the view expressed
in the manpower report that the increasing demand for medical re-
search manpower can not be met unless the basic national pool of
health personnel is rapidly expanded. The independent and highly
specific expansion of medical research training programs, which has
been the usual approach in the past, involves the risk of adversely
affecting the availability of trained health personnel and scientists
for other urgent national needs. With this problem in mind, the
Cemmittee believes that the further development of NIH traiming
programs must be carefully related to the general enlargement of the
national capacity for graduate and professional education and must
emphasize breadth and scope of scientific trainmg to the greatest
extent possible. It seems quite clear to the Committee that the man-
power report demonstrates that the simple uncritical extension of
current training activities is wholly inadequate to deal with the com-
plex and changing circumstances of the future. The Committee will
therefore expect clear evidence of careful planning and the establish-
ment of sound objectives, such as has gone into the review of NIH
training programs during the course of the past year, when considering
further extension of NIH training activities.

COMMUNICATION OF MEDICAL INFORMATION

During the hearings the Committee received reports from the
National Library of Medicine and the Bureau of State Services, as
well as the National Institutes of Health, on the subject of the com-
munication of biomedical information. The Committee is aware
that, as these reports pointed out, the problems of communication
are not the exclusive concern of any one of these bureaus but that

H. Rept. 1488, 87-2---4
96 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

they each have overlapping areas of interest and responsibility.
Indeed, the Surgeon General testified that communication is a matter
of general concern to the Public Health Service. Although the
Committee found the reports submitted of interest, it is disappointed
that it received no general recommendations and heard of no Service-
wide plan for reexamining and improving communication practices
particularly as they relate to informing physicians and other health
personnel of research findings.

The Committee will therefore expect the Public Health Service to
provide in its program plans for next fiscal year specific proposals for
dealing with communication in the health sciences along the lines laid
out by the National Institute of Health in its report. In addition the
Committee will expect the Surgeon General to describe in specific
terms the steps he has taken to achieve unified and effective handling
of communication activities in the Public Health Service.

SUPPORT OF RESEARCH

The recommended appropriations include a total of $489.8 million
for research grants which is $17.9 million over the President’s budget
but $17.6 million less than the revised projection submitted to the
Committee by NIH. The increase reflects the Committee’s intent
to provide sufficient funds to meet the backlog of meritorious and po-
tentially productive grant applications which will have been approved
this year but, with the limited funds available, will remain unpaid as
well as some part of the estimates of the official and private witnesses
of the prospective level of new extramural research opportunities which
will merit support during the coming fiscal year. The Committee
felt that the allowance of this important item in the President’s budget
fell seriously short of the need and opportunity for support of pro-
ductive research and it therefore examined with particular care the
research programs in each of the Institute areas.

MANAGEMENT OF PROGRAMS

The Committee is well aware that the growth of Federal support
of research through NIH programs has brought into being many com-
plex and unprecedented problems in the relationship of Federal agen-
cies to non-Federal institutions. These problems have imposed a
great obligation on those responsible for the administration of NIH
programs to maintain a wise regard for the public interest in the ex-
penditure of Federal funds.

In the view of the Committee, concern for the public interest in-
volves a proper care for prudent and efficient expenditure of funds and
careful attention to the effective achievement of the objectives on
which the national interest is centered.

Throughout the course of the hearings the Committee has sought to
assess how well these values have been maintained in the conduct of
the NIH programs. In this respect the Committee believes it im-
portant to establish two major points:

1. Through an extraordinarily effective joining of public and private
effort, supported by the actions of the Congress, there has been
brought into being in this country a vigorous scientific effort directed
to the solution of major disease and health problems which-—in terms
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 27

of its excellence, productivity and contribution to national well-
being—is second to none in the world, This is an achievement whose
real significance to our nation, its citizens, and our relations with the
rest of the world goes far beyond our accomplishments in the atomic
and space fields. The historic development of this nation may well be
profoundly affected by the scientific findings that will emerge from.
this great endeavor.

2. This great scientific effort involves nearly all the universities,
educational and research institutions in this country as well as many
in foreign countries. Its development has taken place in a framework
which has relied heavily on the responsibility and high sense of in-
tegrity of these institutions and has sought to preserve the indepen-
dence and freedom of action of the scientific and academic community
so essential to productive scientific effort. Maintaining a wise balance
between the proper utilization of Federal controls and the need to
support and extend institutional responsibility has presented a most
dificult and complex set of problems. It is obvious that in these
circumstances administrative difficulties and differences of opinion
will occur and they have. It is, however, overwhelmingly evident
that the NIH programs have been directed in a perceptive and far-
sighted manner which has upheld the best traditions of our democratic
government and provided a sound base for the continuing friendly
and cooperative relationships between the Federal government and
the scientific community.

Tn the light of these two circumstances, the Committee is convinced
of the wisdom of enlarging support for the national programs encom-
passed within these appropriations. The Committee will continue
its diligent concern with beth the effectiveness and prudency with
which these programs are administered.

NEW PROGRAMS

The Committee has closely watched the development of the new
programs launched by the NIH in recent years.

The Clinical Research Centers program, now in its third year, is
effectively broadening the scope of medical research by enabling teams
of scientists representing different disciplines to conduct research in a
clinical setting. ‘The General Clinical Research Centers are proving
particularly adaptable to a wide range of clinical problems while the
Categorical Clinical Research Centers are greatly strengthening
research in a number of specific disease areas.

The Primate Centers, of which the first will be in full operation in
May, will provide unique opportunities for a valuable type of research
for which this country has very few facilities.

The Special Resource Centers program, which is being launched this
year, is designed to meet long-term needs for the highly specialized
facilities and complex instrumentation required by modern medical
research.

The General Research Support Grants, of which the first were made
for the current calendar year, are specifically intended to provide the
professional schools and certain other institutions with a limited
amount of flexible funds to support such research or research training
activities, and in such manner as they believe essential to the effective
advancement of their entire institutional program.
28  WLABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

The Research Career Awards, although an element of the training-
grant rather than the research-grant program, also reflects the broader
and longer-term approach of NIH to its support activities.

Although the Committee is heartened by the progress and good
reception of these new programs, it is, of course, too early to assess
their impact or estimate their future needs. The Committee would,
however, like to appraise these programs next year and consider
what budget levels will be most appropriate for them in the immediate
future. The Committee therefore requests NIH to prepare a com-
prehensive analysis of the institution-oriented programs describing
their development and progress, any modifications in the program that
may seem desirable, their expected future development and a 5-year
projection of budget needs. This report should be available by the
beginning of December so that there will be time for its careful
consideration by the Committee and for any supplementary staff
inquiries before the beginning of the next session of the Congress.

APPROPRIATION STRUCTURE

A rather significant amount of the funds included in the National
Institutes of Health budget is actually transferred each year to the
Bureau of State Services to finance programs administered by it.
It appears to the Committee that it would be more orderly and business
like to have the funds budgeted in the appropriations for the organiza~-
tional units administering the programs. The Committee will
expect that the budget for 1964 be prepared on this basis.

It is also the desire of the Committee that the Division of Biologics
Standards be budgeted as a separate item. It is now included, with
the Division of General Medical Sciences, under the appropriation
“General research and services.” The basic responsibilities and
mission of these two divisions are quite dissimilar.

General research and services-—The bill includes $155,826,000, an
increase of $8,000,000 over the amount requested, and $28,189,000
more than the amount appropriated for 1962. This appropriation
supports the activities of the Division of General Medical Sciences
and the Division of Biologics Standards.

The Committee has been impressed by the solid growth during the
past year of the programs of the Division of General Medical Sciences.
The Division is the principal unit of NIH for grant support of research
and research training in the fundamental medical and_biclegical
sciences that are a necessary underpinning of all the categorical
programs and that can be developed to advantage within a single
administrative framework, The success of the Division in aiding the
development of research and training in the basic biomedical sciences,
bringing them even more prominently into the forefront of the battle
against disease, has encouraged the Committee to expand these
programs again this year.

The Division reports substantial programs in such critical areas as
genetics, cell biology, embryology, biochemistry, endecrinology, and
studies of the processes of aging. During the past year greater
emphasis was given to the fields of anesthesiology, biophysics, and
biomedical engineering, and some expansion in the basic behavioral
sciences was begun. At present the Division is supporting more than
1,500 separate research grants, and its research training and fellow-
ship programs are aiding in the support of 6,000 developing scientists.
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 29

That part of the program that has been aimed at the early exposure
of the specially talented medical student to research has been a
particularly effective recruitment device, introducing an increasing
number of medically-oriented students to the broad research oppor-
tunities in the field. Funds are provided to begin a program that
will utilize the resources of specially selected medical schools in the
development of broadly trained scientists in limited numbers in
parallel with their more immediate task, the production of physicians.

In addition, the Division administers the General Clinical Research
Centers Program. This program, now in its third year, has had a
profound effect on clinical research across the Nation. It provides
funds for the establishment and maintenance of discrete research
units of from 8 to 30 hospital beds. With such units it is now possible
to explore some of the complex problems of serious disease that cannot
be effectively studied in the conventional hospital setting. Last year
the number of centers grew from 19 to 40, and several already have
reported findings of significance to the medical community.

During the past year the Division of General Medical Sciences
was also given administrative responsibility for the new General
Research Support Grant Program. These formula grants provide
limited funds to research institutions for the general support of their
research and research training activities. In January 1962 the first
grants, totaling $20,000,000, were made to 153 schools of medicine,
dentistry, osteopathy, and public health.

The Division of Biologics Standards is charged with Federal
responsibility for insuring the safety, purity, and potency of all bio-
logical products used in the prevention and cure of human disease.
These include vaccines, antitoxins, therapeutic serums, and human
blood and its derivatives. Thus the Division’s program affects the
well-being of every American family.

The testing of representative samples of biologic products requires
the skills of specially trained professional personnel who each year
carry out tests ranging from relatively simple sterility tests to com-
plex and costly potency determinations and safety tests on more than
5,000 individual lots of these products. Teo assure that cach licensed
product is consistently of acceptable and uniform potency, DBS
must also develop standard physical reference preparations. Seventy-
three such preparations are now maintained, and close to 4,000 vials
are distributed annually to the research and control laboratories of
licensed manufacturers, health departments, and universities here
and abroad.

The Division’s international leadership in biologics control is illus-
trated by the fact that durmg 1961 more than 150 scientists from
abroad spent from one day to several months in the Division’s labora-
tories studying its testing and control metheds.

The Committee realizes that, with the increasingly rapid develop-
ment of new immunizing agents, the Division must augment its re-
search facilities to develop new criteria for standards of safety, purity,
and potency. For example, 18 months ago it was thought remotely
possible that an immunization against measles might be developed by
1963 or 1964. Today three methods of measles immunization are
being developed—a live virus vaccine to be used with gamma globulin,
a live virus vaccine to be used without gamma globulin, and an inac-
tivated virus vaccine. Each type of vaccine presents unique problems
requiring extensive investigative work. The Committee would like
30 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

to commend the Division for its leadership in sponsoring the accel-
erated progress in this area of research.

Even with well-established biologic products, technical difficulties
may result from new scientific knowledge. During the past year,
when it was found that the recently discovered monkey virus, SV—40,
was a contaminant of certain lots of Salk poliomyelitis vaccine, the
Division’s ability to mount a large-scale testing program for this
agent long before any manufacturer could do so made possible the
continuing flow of vaccine to physicians during the summer. Since
May 1961 no vaccine has been released by DBS unless it was known
to be free of SV-40.

Flexibility in coping with unanticipated problems is fundamental
to the operation of the Division. During the past year, on the basis
of findings uncovered during routine inspection, Division scientists
conducted an extensive investigation of the updating of human blood
for transfusions, and the processing and shipment of blood plasma by
an unlicensed establishment. The Committee is pleased to report
that prompt and effective action was taken to stop these practices
since such violations present a definite hazard to the public.

Extensive developmental research by the Division during the past
two years on live polio virus vaccine culminated in 1961 in the estab-
lishment of standards governing production, testing and the licensing
of Types 1 and 2. Problems which have so far delayed the licensing
of Type 3 are now at the point of resolution.

The increasing demand by the medical profession for multiple
antigens to immunize simultaneously against several diseases will call
for extensive investigative studies, since preparation of such products
js a complex process. In 1961 a DBS study on the stability of a
quadruple antigen vaccine (containing diphtheria and tetanus toxoids
and pertussis and poliomyelitis vaccines) revealed a significant de-
crease in the potency of the pertussis component during the prescribed
dating period. As a result, the dating period was shortened and
potency requirement of the pertussis component was increased.

In view of the 70,000 cases of hepatitis that occurred in this country
in 1961, the Committee is encouraged to note reports of the isolation
of a causative agent by several investigators, including a DBS scientist.
‘The probable development of an immunizing agent against hepatitis
-will mean increased responsibility for the Division, since the nature
of the disease and its high infectivity will undoubtedly pose vaccine
problems as complex as those encountered with polio vaccine. These
developments bring into sharp focus the Division’s important and
effective role in the rapidly expanding field of viral research.

National Cancer Institute—The Bill includes $150,409,000, an
increase of $11,300,000 over the amount requested, and $7,573,000
more than the amount appropriated for 1962.

The Committee is pleased to join with others in observing the 25th
anniversary of the establishment of the National Cancer Institute by
taking note of the progress which has been made during this period
in cancer research.

The pattern established by the Institute for large-scale study of
cancer chemotherapy of man is being extended into the areas of com-
bination therapy, radiotherapy, and virus-cancer studies.

The Committee continues to be interested in the problem of early
diagnosis of cancer and emphasizes again that this area should be
stressed. It was encouraging to learn that the Institute is changing
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 31

its direction in diagnostic research so as to overcome some of the
barriers to research progress. A number of specially selected clinical
laboratories in hospitals and other medical institutions will be strength-
ened scientifically so as to permit them to make a more important
contribution in the translation of the findings of basic research into
practical tests which can be used with a high degree of precision on
large groups of patients.

The participation of clinical laboratories in the field of radiology
will be an important aspect of this effort, since X-ray continues to
be one of the major tools for the detection of cancer. It is believed
that a great deal can be accomplished in extending the benefits of
diagnostic X-ray by stimulating research and research training in this
area. Early detection of breast cancer may be assisted through the
further development of a new soft tissue technique using X-ray
pictures of the breast.

The Committee was happy to learn that the program for training
cytotechnicians is being accelerated as more institutions are prepared
to provide this specialized instruction. Cytologic test for uterine
cervical cancer should be a routine part of every woman’s medical
examination, but this goal cannot be achieved until more cytotechni-
cians become available to read test slides.

This is only an example of the importance of training as a facet of
the over-all effort against cancer. The committee is concerned that
long-range training objectives be set to meet the need for increasing the
pool of trained manpower, both for cancer research and control.

Progress in virus-cancer research during the year in both the intra-
mural and extramural areas has been substantial. An important event
was the development by scientists in the Laboratory of Viral Oncology
of a comparatively simple technique for extracting essentially pure
virus from the bloods of leukemic rats. This technique is being em-
ployed on blood specimens from leukemia patients, but it is still too
early to judge the results. Essential materials for scientists working
in the virus-cancer field are being produced under contract and will be
distributed by the Virology Research Resources Branch. The Com-
mittee urges that virus-cancer research be moved forward as expedi-
tiously as possible.

The Committee was encouraged to hear that some of the coopera-
tive studies in chemotherapy are yielding important new knowledge
about the usefulness of drugs against cancer. A new drug, 2-alpha-
methyl-dihydrotestosterone propionate, has been developed for the
treatment of advanced breast cancer. This compound has virtually
the same anticancer activity as a standard older drug, but has much
less masculinizing effect.

Another new drug, known as methyl-GAG, has induced remissions
in 9 of 13 actute myelocytic leukemia patients. Without treatment,
half of all such patients die in 2 to 3 months. Though the average
remission induced to date by methyl-GAG has been 10 months in
adults, more time will have to pass before an impression of the efficacy
of this new drug can be obtained.

The Institute’s new program of radiation therapy research and
training is under way with the award of several large research and
training grants. This program is designed to encourage basic and
clinical research and to support the training of urgently needed profes-
sional and technical radiotherapy personnel.
32 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

A new Carcinogenesis Studies Branch has been established in the
Institute. This Branch will carry forward and expand the research
conducted by the Institute for many years to identify cancer-causing
agents in the environment of our increasingly urbanized and indus-
tralized society.

The Committee was gratified to learn that the appropriation increase
voted by Congress last year has made it possible to make funds avail-
able for each State to staff at least a minimum cancer control program.
More than 60 percent of these funds is being used for clinical and
case-finding activities and other local health services.

The progress that the Institute has made through the years is
heartening. Its early studies were primarily made in the laboratory
to gain knowledge of how cancer originates, how it progresses, and
how it affects the organism it attacks. The Committee was glad to
hear that, though this type of basic research continues to be extremely
important, knowledge, techniques, and instruments are now at hand
which will enable scientists to give increasing attention to the study
of cancer in man. These are the studies that will eventually save the
lives of thousands of Americans.

Mental health activities-—The Bill includes $133,599,000, an increase
of $6,700,000 over the amount requested, and $24,723,000 more than
the amount appropriated for 1962.

The Committee has heard cogent testimony concerning the magni-
tude of the mental health problem. It is particularly impressed by
the greatly increased public awareness, the ground swell of public
opinion with respect to the need for positive action which has followed
closely in the wake of the challenges posed in the final report of the
Joint Commission on Mental IlIness and Health. This report, made
possibly by the action and support of the Congress, is a significant
assessment of the problem and the critical need for a concerted national
effort for its resolution.

In terms of the present, the Committee has been pleased with and
impressed by testimony concerning the progress that has been made
over the past decade in manpower training, in research, and in the
application of research knowledge to the problems of mental health.
The decrease for the sixth consecutive year in the number of patients
in mental hospitals clearly illustrates such progress. And in terms of
the future, the Committee is of the opinion that through the wisdom
and foresight of the Congress, a solid groundwork has. been laid on
which to advance in a concerted national effort against mental illness
as the leading public health problem in this country.

In the area of training, the Committee is particularly impressed
with the continued need for the progressive expansion of programs
which will assure an adequate manpower pool in the years ahead.
From the extensive testimony of official and private witnesses, the
Committee is convinced that the increase of $10 million requested in
the budget for service training falls far short of meeting the needs for
the training of the broad array of mental health personnel required to
provide adequate care to the mentally ill. Existing manpower short-
ages are so severe that all possible avenues of training should be
pursued to relieve this critical situation.

In the area of research training, the Committee cannot reconcile the
absence of funds for expansion in the budget request with the critical
shortages of research manpower in the mental health field. Continued
LABOR-HEALTH,. EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS - 33

progress toward a scientific understanding of human behavior, and of
the complex factors. affecting mental health and: mental: illness, is
dependent on the sustained and long-term expansion of the research
manpower pool. Mental health research is characterized by diversity.
Its problems must be approached through both basic and applied re-
search and their ultimate resolution requires a wide range of scientific
talent embracing both the health sciences and the behavioral and
social sciences.

The Committee continues to view the shortage of manpower as the
greatest single barrier to continued progress in the mental health
field. It has, therefore, recommended increases for expansion and
extension of training programs for both professional and technical
service personnel and for research personnel.

The Committee wishes to commend the activities of the State gov-
ernments and particularly the efforts of the Governors of the several
States in their recent special conference on mental health. The
Committee is particularly encouraged by their pledge for a greater
State effort and their acceptance of the need for Federal-State co-
operation in the development of action programs on a broad compre-
hensive base.

The Committee is particularly impressed by testimony concerning
the need for the establishment of a national clearinghouse for the more
rapid and effective communication of mental health information. In
its report last year, the Committee emphasized its interest in the more
rapid and effective dissemination of information, in order to shorten
the gap between research findings and new developments and their
practical application. The Committee is. pleased that the Institute
has made progress in the development of plans for such a program and
hopes that such efforts will be further accelerated in 1963.

While the Committee is pleased with the progress that has been
made in mental health research, it clearly recognizes that the ultimate
solution to the complex problems in this field must be approached on
a long-term basis. The Joint Commission report has emphasized the
enormous research lag in the study of human behavior and the need
for expanded Federal support on a broad base.

The Committee recognizes that greater emphasis must be provided
to basic research, yet appropriate balance must be maintained with
respect to applied research. It will be expected that continued and
additional attention be given to such important problems as juvenile
delinquency, drug addiction, and alcoholism, as well as in those mental
disturbances that are characterized by psychosis such as schizophrenia.
The Committee is convinced that the ultimate objective of prevention
of mental illness can only be approached through a diversified and
multidisciplinary research effort, including a wide range of basic and
applied behavioral science research. It has recommended funds for
expansion and acceleration of such research efforts in 1963.

As in previous years, the Committee has given careful attention
both to the testimony and to the special reports it requested on
mental retardation. This problem, which has such unfortunate social
and economic aspects and tragic personal impact, is an area of con-
tinuing and special concern to the Committee. Just seven or eight
years ago there was very little research on mental retardation; its
prevention or modification was regarded as impossible and the general
attitude within the medical community and amongst the general

HA. Rept..1488, 87-2 3

 
34 . LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, -WELFARE. APPROPRIATIONS

public was defeatist. This Committee initiated a broad program.
aimed at an alleviation of this problem in the mid-fifties consisting of
support of research, training and demonstrations, and has progressively
increased funds available to the program as it was demonstrated that
these could be utilized effectively.

In recent years the Committee has been heartened by evidence of
progress but the level of activity continues to be far from satisfactory
and very far short of that which might be considered to be reasonable
considering the importance of the problem. Nonetheless, it is most
encouraging that there is now a general appreciation that mental
retardation is a very complex but not a hopeless problem; that there
are now convincing indications that the causes of mental retardation
can, in time, be identified, and that we may ultimately look forward
to the development of preventive measures. The contributions. of
basic biological research to the growing understanding of mental
retardation have been particularly impressive—it appears that this
condition may be due to a number of specific. causes including genetic
factors, endocrine disturbances, and metabolic phenomena as well as
viral infections during pregnancy, and trauma during childbirth.

The expansion of programs related to mental retardation by the
National Institute of Mental Health (and, in certain areas, by the
National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness) are wel-
comed by the Committee. It believes, however, that more could be
done in research, in research training, and in community services.
The Committee will watch developments related to mental retardation
with special interest, and will expect a review of progress to date and
a projection of program needs at next year’s hearings.

In 1958, this committee initiated a new program for the psychiatric
training of general practitioners. Over the past four years, this pro-
gram has caught fire across the country and it has the potential of
significantly reducing our present personnel shortages in the field of
mental health.

However, funds for this program fall far short of demonstrated de-
mand. For example, during the current fiseal year the Institute can
only support about 300 family physicians who have qualified to take
the full three-year residency course leading to certification as psychi-
atrists. Despite the fact that training institutions are screening out
as Many as nine out of every ten applicants, the Institute will still be
unable this year to support the training of several hundred approved
applications received from highly qualified family physicians and
specialists.

The Institute is also falling far behind the tremendous demand for
short-term graduate courses for family physicians who wish to increase
their psychiatric skills while continuing as family doctors. At the
present time, this program reaches approximately 1,500 family doc-
tors; the committee received voluminous testimony to the effect that
at least 15,000 family doctors are seeking this type of education.

Some expansion of this program will be expected as a result of the
increase allowed.

It has been a year since the issuance of the final report of the
Joint Commission on Mental Illness and Health. The Committee
was disappointed that the budget did not include any plans for
implementing the Report, All of the expert witnesses in this field,
both from the Public Health Service and from outside the Federal
LABOR-HEALTH, _ EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 35

Government, agreed that this is an excellent report. The Committee
feels that the Executive Branch has been remiss in its duties in not yet
having a plan for implementation before the Congress. While
convincing evidence was presented with regard to implementing
certain recommendations, such as the matching planning grants to the
states for the development of comprehensive mental health plans, the
Committee hesitates in directing the Institute to start any particular
phase until a complete integrated program is presented. ‘This is long
overdue.

National Heart Institute —The Bill includes $143,398,000, an increase
of $16,500,000 over the amount requested, and $10,486,000 more than
the amount appropriated for 1962.

The Committee received considerable evidence that material prog-
ress was made during the year against heart disease, which causes
over 54 percent of all deaths in this country.

Basic knowledge and findings of clinical value were reported in the
field of atherosclerosis, which leads to most coronary heart attacks.
From epidemiologic studies, there was information that may even-
tually enable physicians to identify, with fair reliability, individuals
susceptible to coronary heart disease prior to appearance of overt
symptoms. This ‘coronary risk profile” reveals the association of
heart disease with such factors as elevated serum cholesterol levels,
elevated blood pressure, and enlarged left ventricles. A combination
of such factors increases the risk of having coronary disease by about
seven times.

A growing body of evidence on the influence of fats in the diet on
blood cholesterol has stimulated tremendous interest in the role of
fats in atherosclerosis. Much more data is necessary, however, before
definitive conclusions can be drawn. For example, a long-term study
of large population samples may be required fully to elucidate relation-
ships between diet and heart disease. Such a study itself requires a
base of new knowledge, and investigations to determine the feasibility
of a large-scale experiment are necessary. The Committee considers
the whole area of diet and heart disease one of prime importance and
expects it to be given careful attention in order to clarify the present
state of knowledge and to develop conclusive scientific information in
this field. Meanwhile, strong research attention should continue to
be given to such other suspected factors as genetics, stress, and
hormonal influences.

It has been called to the attention of the Committee that the present
and developing attitudes of the American people to the hazards of
animal fats in the diet are based more on hypothesis than on sound and
uncontrovertible scientific evidence. The Committee is also aware
of the difficulty of finding a solid answer to the question through
controlled studies in limited segments of the American population.
The special difficulties of the problem and the need to undertake care-
ful studies of different population groups with different genetic back-
grounds and with different nutritional and cultural characteristics
‘would appear to make this area particularly suitable for a broad
collaborative effort of an international nature. Past reports on so-
called geographic pathology and its relation to heart disease have not
led to the development of the studies that would appear to be desirable
and the Committee urges more vigorous action in this area.

The Committee was encouraged to learn that further progress has
been made in developing and applying surgical measures to the pre-
36 LABOR-HEALTH,. EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

vention and treatment of strokes and in the development of knowledge
concerning anticoagulants,. Anticoagulant therapy has . already
proved useful in helping to reduce the risk of heart attacks and the
severity of heart muscle damage. New. findings show that these
drugs may enhance the clot-dissolving action of fibrinolytic agents as
well as preventing blood clot formation.

Research on a cholesterollowering drug has yielded information
concerning the metabolism of desmosterol which was found to be simi-
lar to cholesterol in its action in the body. Other research revealed
the probable sequence of steps involved in cholesterol synthesis—a
finding of vital importance in studies of certain drugs that lower blood
cholesterol leveis. ,

In the field of hypertension, new compounds for lowering and con-
trolling blood pressure continue to be studied. Norepinephrine is of
particular interest because it appears to be the key to the action of
many drugs currently used to treat hypertension. A new drug,
alphamethyl-DOPA, which apparently acts by blocking the storage
sites of norepinephrine at nerve terminals, has continued to show
proinise and may be a valuable new addition. The Committee is
interested to note that this drug will shortly be available for commer-
cial distribution and is particularly heartened by the effective inter-
play between Institute and industrial scientists that have made this
advance so quickly available.

Another group of drugs that lower blood pressure are inhibitors of
monoamine oxidase, an enzyme that inactivates norepinephrine. and
other amines. One of these, MO-911, appears to combine high po-
tency as a hypotensive agent with low toxicity. There was also con-
tinued improvement in the past year in techniques for recognizing the
kind of high blood pressure arising from narrowing of the arteries sup-
plying the kidneys. Such. conditions can now often be cured by sur-
gery on the involved arteries.

A program for establishing research centers to focus multidis-
ciplinary facilities and skills upon clinical and basic problems was
developed during the year. The Committee commends the Institute
for its care in the selection of sites for the Centers coming into being.
Such resources have great potentiality and should be further developed
as part of a comprehensive research attack. Although each of these
Centers is a costly undertaking, if carefully developed they will permit
a type of research activity that is essential to the application of the
basic findings to the disease situation in man.

Good progress was reported. in the primate research center program
which will provide another strong resource for cardiovascular and
other kinds of medical research. Projects in biomedical engineering
and communications related to cardiovascular research also received
considerable support,

Aid to community health services was strengthened during the
year. by programs in the field of strokes and rheumatic fever pre-
vention and such new activities as the use of electronics to aid in
gathering and interpreting diagnostic data. Activities to improve
the availability and quality of community services and heart disease
control measures are now an important complement to other programs
funded by the heart appropriation.

Fellowships and training grants in the cardiovascular field face
growing demands both for increased support of promising individuals
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 37

and for institutional programs. Although research itself can still be
accelerated somewhat with the present flow of skilled manpower
from the schools, some types of personnel, such as epidemiologists, are
in short supply. It seems clear to the Committee that careful con-
sideration must be given to appropriate expansion and improvement
of training opportunities and research career development.

National Institute of Dental Research —The Bill includes $19,199,000,
an increase of $2,000,000 over the amount requested and $1,859,000
more than the amount appropriated for 1962.

The oral health needs of the Nation continue to present a growing
challenge to the dental profession, and the resolution of these problems
will depend increasingly on the development of means for prevention
and treatment of oral diseases. The Committee is confident that
research activities at the Dental Institute are advancing toward this
goal. Important gains continue to be made through both the intra-
mural and extramural programs.

It is gratifying to report that the completion and occupancy of
the new dental laboratory facilities at NIH this year have permitted
the consolidation of resources under one roof and the expansion of
professional staff and investigative programs in both the clinical and
basic selence areas. Paralleling the progress in direct research has
been the continuous provision of grant support resulting in an increase
in productive dental research activities of the Nation’s dental schools,
universities, hospitals, laboratories, and other public and private
institutions. Areas receiving particular attention are congenital
defects, such as cleft lip and palate, periodontal disease and dental
decay, and the behavioral sciences as related to public acceptance of
various dental health procedures.

Institute studies in the field of oral microbiology have shown not
only that dental decay may be a bacterial disease, but that it is trans-
missible and causally related to specific micro-organisms in two
animal species. Dental scientists feel that it is premature at this time
to apply these findings to man, but increasing efforts are being directed
toward clinical evaluations of this new concept of dental decay.

In research on periodontal disease (of the gums and tooth supporting
structure), scientists are using the newer techniques of germfree
study, electron diffraction, and X-ray and electron microscopy to
gain a better understanding of calculus formation. This knowledge
may ultimately lead to the elimination or control of this major con-
tributor to periodontal disorders. Related epidemiologic studies
have also contributed important information on the patterns of
periodontal disease and dental decay in various ethnic groups in
foreign countries and selected populations in the United States.

The Committee was pleased to learn that the Institute is seeking
to establish a research potential capable of dealing with the broad
aspects of dentally-related abnormalities. From these studies a con-
siderable store of new information has already been obtained on such
anomalies as malformed teeth, disturbed dental eruption, cleft lips
and palates, and various diseases of the cral soft tissues. While
defective genetic composition is important in the development of
cleft palate and harelip, it has become increasingly apparent to dental
scientists that various nonhereditary factors are also involved. Lack
of oxygen, nutritional deficiency, and endocrine changes may adversely
effect the prenatal development of the mouth and other structures.
38 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

Because of the great diversity of professional interest involved in
these and related studies, there is a recognized need for the support
of broad basic laboratory and clinical research. The effective pursuit
of these activities will depend in large measure on the provision of
adequate research facilities and qualified scientific manpower. Al-
though a beginning has been made in this important area of research,
the Committee believes that still more should be done to accelerate
the total scientific effort.

The Committee recognizes the severity of the growing dental man-
power shortage and the increasingly acute need for dental researchers
and teachers. Accordingly, the Committee has provided additional
funds for expanding the training grant program and the program for
training dental students in the use of dental assistants. The former
program will provide assistance in strengthening dental research and
education, and the latter program will mcrease the productivity of
dentists, and, in effect, extend the availability of professional dental
care and treatment.

Arthritis and metabolic disease activities —The Bill includes $98,721,-
000, an increase of $6,800,000 over the amount requested, and $16,-
890,000 more than the amount appropriated for 1962.

Although the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases
was originally created for the study of arthritic disorders and metabolic
diseases, such as diabetes, it currently supports research in a wide
variety of human ills. These include diseases of the gastrointestinal
tract, of blood and bone, and a host of metabolic and inherited
disorders.

The Committee has been greatly impressed by the exciting work
done by Institute scientists on the so-called “genetic code.” The
partial breaking of this code, which involves the chemistry of heredity,
is already considered a classic piece of work by scientists throughout
the world. This development is the beginning of a new line of research
which holds the promise that, at some time in the future, it may be
possible to alter the influence of heredity and, conceivably, to alter
susceptibility to disease as well as to control inherited diseases.

The genetic code work belongs to an important new field of science,
molecular biology, which deals with the submicroscopie structure,
basic chemical reactions, and physical functions of living matter on a
molecular scale. The Committee was pleased to learn that research
efforts are being steadily strengthened in this field, both extramurally
and by the activities of the Institute’s new Laboratory of Molecular
Biology, where the investigations leading to the breaking of the
genetic code took place.

The Committee was also much interested in a report on the discovery
of seven different types of human blood platelets. This discovery
explains the occurrence of some serious reactions to blood trans-
fusions—due to the infusion of mis-matched platelets—and will aid
physicians in treating individuals who have certain bleeding diseases
requiring frequent platelet transfusions.

The Committee was surprised to find that there is such a dearth
of research in the field of hemophilia. This is certainly not in keeping
with the magnitude of the problem. The Committee will expect
that a portion of the increase be utilized to strengthen this research.

Slow but steady progress continues to be made toward finding the
basic cause of rheumatoid arthritis. It appears likely that immuno-
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 39

logic reactions are an important factor in the disease and that suscep-
tible individuals may develop this form of arthritis because they are
hypersensitive to some as yet unknown agent. One of the blood-
testing methods for rheumatoid arthritis has been found useful in
indicating what course the disease may follow in future years and may
thus aid the physician in selecting the best form of treatment and
determining the chances of remission.

A continuing study of osteoporosis (the loss of calcium from bone)
at the Institute has underscored the vital need for an adequate amount
of calcium in the diet, especially to protect the skeleton of arthritic
patients who are being treated with corticosteroid drugs like cortisone.
Osteoporosis affects 30 percent of older women who are seen by
physicians. Institute scientists and grantees have also made impor-
tant contributions to the understanding of gout and its successful
treatment and prevention. As a result of the development of new
drugs and better forms of treatment, this disorder has now become
one of the best controlled of all arthritic diseases.

Oral drugs have freed approximately 40 percent of all diabetics
from their reliance on insulin injections. Most encouraging was the
successful use of combinations of these drugs in diabetics who did not
respond to any drug given alone. The combinations are extremely
valuable in that they are apparently additive with respect to their
desirable actions but not with respect to their untoward side effects.

In order to assist diabetes research in general, the Institute is sup-
porting the establishment of a new ultra-modern data storage and
retrieval system for diabetes research information and literature.
The new system combines facilities for collecting and abstracting all
scientific data on diabetes published anywhere, their translation, if
necessary, and their coding and incorporation into a storage and
retrieval system. The Committee commends the Institute for taking
a positive interest and practical action in support of a new develop-
ment in the area of scientific communication.

The Committee feels that studies of peptic ulcer and the other
diseases which affect the digestive system are of major importance
and hopes that the increased support which the Institute is giving in
this area will be fruitful. One reported advance relates to an occa-
sional disabling complication of certain types of surgery for peptic
ulcer. A preoperative test which makes it possible to predict whether
or not a given patient is apt to have any serious problem after gastric
surgery, and what specific types of surgical operation is best suited
to the patient, has been developed by Institute grantees.

Research on the numerous diseases of the skin is progressing. It
is apparent, however, that before the control of specific skin diseases
becomes a reality, much additional basic work needs to be done by
well-trained investigators. The Committee will expect the Institute
to undertake more vigorous programs in this area.

The Committee was distressed to hear that more than 300 highly
qualified young scientists and physicians. could have been added to
existing training programs if training grant funds had been sufficient.
For this same reason several much-needed training programs could
not be initiated. The Committee believes that an adequately trained
manpower pool is one of the most critical factors in medical progress
and that strong training programs are needed—not only to attract
high-quality candidates, but also to develop in them the skills of both
40 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

the competent clinical investigator and the astute laboratory scientist.
The Committee has, therefore, included a substantial increase in
training funds in the Institute’s appropriation.

The international nutrition studies continue to be rewarding both
in terms of scientific progress and of the goodwill engendered for the
United States by the efforts of its scientists to bring improved nutrition
to developing countries. Collaborative epidemiologic studies to
determine what part heredity and geography play in various diseases
may ultimately explain why some persons develop diseases while
others do not. The Committee feels that such cooperative inter-
national studies may well lead to important discoveries directly
applicable to health problems in this country, and believes that such
projects should be encouraged.

Allergy and infectious disease activities-—-The Bill includes $62,-
142,000, an increase of $2,800,000 over the amount requested and
$6,051,000 more than amount appropriated for 1962.

The Committee is glad to see that the National Institute of Allergy
and Infectious Diseases is taking the initiative in developing respira-~
tory disease vaccines. The new national Vaecine Development Pro-
gram is appropriately centered in this Institute, which has played a
large role in identifying and propagating viruses responsible for most
of the serious respiratory illnesses, including atypical pneumonias.
It is time that the cumulative knowledge of years of research be
applied in prevention of these infections which are an important cause
of disability and death and cost this Nation about $5 billion annually.

The Committee recognizes the wisdom of marshalling industrial and
academic as well as government medical resources in this enterprise.
There is hope that the new Vaccine Development Program described
to the Committee this year will lead to effective multi-viral vaccines
becoming available within the next five or ten years to protect against
certain respiratory diseases.

It is also notable that the Viral Reference Reagent Program, estab-
lished by the Institute as a service to grant supported virologists, will
soon begin to provide reliable virus reference reagents comparable
in potency and other properties for use as standard references by
medical scientists. The new program of standardization, production,
and distribution should contribute substantially to research in virology
and eventually to improved diagnosis and treatment of the viral
diseases.

During the past years the Committee has been particularly appre-
hensive about the spread of antibiotic-resistant staphylococcal mfec-
tions. Progress in this area of research now appears to be substantial.
Methods of sterilization in hospitals, including a system of hexa-
chlerophene washing of infants, which virtually eliminated staphy-
lococcal infections in the nursery at the Yale-New Haven Medical
Center, and other studies of this type, have led to new and better
methods of hospital control.

Clinicians of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Dis-
eases have continued their successful testing of dimethoxyphenyl
penicillin and other new drugs developed by the pharmaceutical in-
dustry which appear to bring marked improvement or outright cure of
infections resistant to ordinary penicillin. If initial success is borne
out in long-term clinical studies, these drugs should prove a particular
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 41

‘boon to children afflicted with cystic fibrosis. Pulmonary infections
with staphylococcus are a frequent cause of death in these patients.

Parasitic infections, including those commonly referred to as
“tropical diseases,” exact tribute from world commerce and cripple
or kill millions of people throughout the world. The Committee be-
leves that one of the freedoms the United States should continue to
export is freedom from enslavement by disease. The National In-
stitute of Allerey and Infectious Diseases is one of the world centers
for research on malaria, schistosomiasis, and other major scourges of
mankind, Recent work by this Institute on monkey malaria, carried
out in Malaya, is particularly interesting and may be significant in
worldwide malaria eradication concepts. The new and _ reliable
fluorescent test for the detection of malaria antibodies, which was
developed by the Institute, is another mark of progress. Investiga-
tions by Institute scientists and grantees also are directed toward
contro! and treatment of schistosomiasis. This snail-borne disease
afflicts an estimated 150 million people in many regions of the world,
including territories of the United States.

In the field of allerey-immunology, the emphasis of Institute
studies is on the basic mechanisms of the little-understood allergic
diseases... The “autoimmune” diseases, believed to occur when an
individual reacts against some substance within his own body as
though the material were foreign, constitute one of the most puzzling
groups. Here Institute work with inbred and immunologically similar
guinea pigs seems particularly hopeful in the search for an understand-
ing of human allergic thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other
diseases which may have an autoimmune basis.

Neurology and Blindness Activities —The Bill includes $77,506,000,
an increase of $6,300,000 over the amount requested, and $6,694,000
more than the amount appropriated for 1962.

The Committee was impressed by two significant Institute accomp-
lishments. which will speed the attack on neurologic and sensory
disorders. First, a substantial body of trained scientists is now
becoming available. Second, a program of professional and technical
assistance, initiated this past year, assures ready access of scientific
findings to the practitioner.

The great lack of trained specialists in neurology has been a major
problem which the Institute has been helping to overcome during its
first decade by supporting advanced training for some 300 neurologists.
The training program has also made significant increases in the number
of teacher-investigators in ophthalmology and otolaryngology.

Promising as the growth of medical manpower in teaching and
research careers has been since training-grant support began, it is far
short of actual needs in the neurological sciences. The Committee is
convinced that the over-all traming program should be carefully
strengthened so, that the necessary clinical advances to help the
neurologically disabled may proceed. However, the Committee is
concerned lest the training program become too preoccupied with the
problem of shortages in such medical specialties to the disadvantage
of programs devoted primarily to the production of research per-
sonnel. Ifa shortage of medical specialists can be demonstrated to
be of sufficient national significance to warrant direct Federal action
(as is clearly the case in the mental health field), this should be pre-
42 JLABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

sented to the Congress in a well documented fashion together with
recommendations for action.

The professional and technical assistance program which has been
initiated is an important step toward increasing the potential for
direct help to people suffering from neurological and sensory disorders.
One aspect of the program is to improve techniques by which the
latest scientific information may be provided to practitioners at the
community level.

The Committee believes that the expansion of the Institute’s train-
ing program activity, for which additional funds are being provided,
should include training for professional and technical assistance.

The past year bas reinforced hopes of an eventual research break-
through in multiple sclerosis. Although the cause of this tragic
disorder remains unknown, research continues to uncover valuable
clues. The peculiar geographic distribution of the disease increasing-
ly suggests that its cause may lie in an infectious agent of long latency.
Evidence to support this theory is growing, based on observations of
diseases in animals which are strikingly similar te multiple sclerosis.
The Committee was encouraged to learn of plans for four research
centers which will be specifically directed toward detecting any viral or
infectious agents responsible for multiple sclerosis and certain other
chronic diseases of the nervous system.

Greater emphasis will also be given to the investigation of another
highly suspicious factor which may be causing multiple sclerosis:
auto-immunization, or a sensitivity to certain substances normally
occurring in particular brain tissue.

Reports of worthwhile research in speech and hearing are especially
welcomed by the Committee, which has been disturbed by the lag in
research effort in these important areas. On the basis of research
findings, and advice from the leading specialists in this field, who came
before this Committee, there appears to be a definite need for earlier
screening and detection of hearing disorders in children. Many chil-
dren previously considered mentally retarded or aphasic have been
found to be suffering primarily from hearing disorders, some of which
can be corrected.

Many people, including Helen Keller, have stated that deafness is.
a greater disability than blindness. Yet, for some mysterious reason
it does not receive the attention that it obviously deserves. Research
directed to the causes, prevention, and relief of the various types of
deafness is the only means by which the ultimate solution can be
reached,

While reliable figures on the magnitude of the problem of deafness
are not in existence, it is estimated on the basis of the 30,000 enrolled
in schools for the deaf that the number of severely deafened persons
in the population is approximately 200,000. The number with hear-
ing impairment sufficient to create a handicap varies with age and
extends into the millions.

Mainly through the support of the National Institutes of Health,
research has made some progress during the last few years but it has
been much too slow. It will be expected that part of the merease
provided in the bill will be used to strengthen this part of the research
program.

The Institute’s training programs for workers in speech and hear-
ing are now yielding excellent results. A dynamic program for the
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 43

study of hearing and language disorders is envisaged in the university-
based clinical research and training centers to be established during
the next two years.

The Committee is also encouraged by the continuing improvements
in the treatments for a number of chronic neurologic disorders. New
anticoagulants have been found for use in cerebrovascular diseases.
It seems likely that one of these may be effective in preventing clot-
ting and that others may be suitable for dissolving large, hardened
clots—neither has been safely possible in the past. A new drug which
may prevent migraine headache is expected to be available to phy-
sicians soon. New and improved anticonvulsants have been added
to the array of drugs for the treatment of epilepsy, some of which are
helpful to patients who have not been aided by other medications.

Enthusiasm over the effectiveness of drug therapy must, of course,
be tempered by the realization of the complexity of many neurologic
disorders. For instance, the fact that some of these diseases are sub-
ject to spontaneous remissions impedes advances in drug evaluation.
In an effort to surmount these and other obstacles to improved treat-
ment, the Institute is sponsoring a special program for the evaluation
of drug therapy.

Significant clues are emerging from the long-term Collaborative
Perinatal Research Project, which has had the Committee’s whole-
hearted support for over five years. Enrollment of mothers in the
study reached 23,000 at the end of 1961.

Preliminary data analysis this year revealed outstanding, but still
unexplained, variations in infant mortality and abnormalities among
the participating institutions which require further investigation.
Vaginal tract infections in the mother have been shown to have a
major bearing on premature birth. The role of viruses in abnormal
pregnancy outcome also appears significant. These very preliminary
findings illustrate the kind of information which this long-range study
may produce and which, the Committee hopes, will lead to measures
that will prevent abnormal pregnancies.

The Committee is gratified by the growing body of information
which the collaborating stitutions are generating but is concerned
over the fact that personnel limitations are hampering the interpreta-
tion of the available data. Inadequate salaries and unavailable space
are impeding the recruitment of needed professional scientists.

Therefore the Committee would like a detailed report on the total
perinatal project. The general import of the study to problems of
neurological defects in developing children and to the broad problem
of mental retardation warrants a careful review of progress. Such a
review should clearly point up the deficiencies in the programs, if
any, and suggest actions that this Committee can take to remedy
them. The report should be submitted by December 1, 1962, so that
it may be studied before next year’s hearmgs begin.

The broad study of perinatal problems in humans is paralleled by
studies on monkeys at laboratories in Puerto Rico so that clues may
be investigated experimentally as quickly and thoroughly as possible
in animals whose reproductive processes most closely resemble the
human. For example, experimental studies with monkeys have shown
that asphyxia (lack of oxygen) can cause cerebral palsy and mental
retardation and that injection of sodium carbonate and glucose can
reduce the degree of brain damage which suffocation causes.
44 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

The Committee received very encouraging testimony from both
NIH witnesses and private witnesses on the advances made in research
in the field of blindness. It is worthy of notice that while Federal
expenditures in this area have gone up, there has also been a very
substantial increase in private funds. The Committee wishes to
reemphasize its interest in this part of the program. It will be ex-
pected that part of the increase provided will be utilized for this
purpose.

The Committee is satisfied that some extraordinary progress has
been made in neurological and sensory disorders during the first
decade of the Institute’s history, but much further knowledge is
desperately needed to treat and cure the millions of people in this
country who are handicapped by disorders of the brain and nervous
system. Neurological research is necessarily a slow, complex process
and every effort should be made to widen its scope to accelerate both
the quest for basic knowledge and its clinical application.

Grants for construction of health research facilities —The Bill includes
$50,000,000, the amount of the budget request, and $20,000,000 more
than was appropriated for 1962. The amount recommended in the
bill is the maximum amount authorized to be appropriated. At the
time of the hearings there were 172 applications on hand, totaling
approximately $45,000,000 that had been recommended for approval
by the advisory council, for which funds are not now available. In
addition 70 new and deferred applications in which over 48 million
dollars are requested were awaiting review at the forthcoming April
council meeting. Of course additional applications will be submitted
yet this fiscal year and many more next fiscal year. It is therefore
obvious that the amount carried in the bill will fall far short of meeting
the need for assistance in the construction of health research facilities.

Scientific activities overseas (special foreign currency program).—
The Bill includes $2,800,000, the amount of the request, and $6,200,000
less than the amount appropriated for 1962.

National health statistics —The Bill includes $5,150,000, a reduction
of $100,000 below the request, and $508,000 more than the appro-
priation for 1962.

Operations, National Library of Medicine—The Bill includes $3,-
335,000, the amount of the request, and $1,269,000 more than the
amount appropriated for 1962. Since expenses formerly financed
under other appropriations and being transferred to the Library in
1963 amount to $912,000 the actual increase for the library on a com-
parable basis is $357,000. These transfers are the Russian Scientific
Translation Program previously financed under ‘General research
and services, National Institutes of Health” and the Medical Litera-
ture Analysis and Retrieval System previously financed under the
National Heart Institute. The bulk of the increase for 1963 is ac-
countable to certain mandatory costs in connection with the mainte-
nance and operation of the new building, and an increase of $220,000
for improvement of the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval
System. The Committee has on several occasions expressed grave
concern over the lack of adequate communication of the results of
medical research. Conventional systems for the organization, stor-
age, retrieval, and dissemination of medical information are becoming
increasingly strained and over-loaded. The constantly accelerating
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 45

pace of medical research and the resulting proliferation of publica-
tions, reporting the result of this research, make it difficult to cope
with the problems of finding, correlating, and making accessible for
use the new masses of data. The library has developed new pro-
grams which represents a step toward overcoming present inade-
quacies in the area of the Library’s services. The Committee be-
reves that full support for the library’s serious attempt to improve
these services will both contribute to the advancement of research
and will save money in avoiding duplication of research simply be-
cause, through lack of communications, one scientist may not know
what another scientist has already covered. As previously stated the
Committee will expect the Public Health Services to develop specific
proposals in the overall field of communication of bio-medical infor-
mation.

Retired pay of commissioned officers —Since expenses borne by this
appropriation are entirely beyond administrative control, the Com-
mittee has again approved this as an indefinite appropriation. It is
estimated that the total retirement payments in 1962 will be $2,377,-
000 and the comparable figure in 1963 will be $2,671,000.

Salaries and expenses, Office of the Surgeon General—The Bill
includes $5,850,000, the amount of the request, and $475,000 more
than was appropriated for 1962. Taking comparative transfers into
consideration, the amount recommended for 1963 is $335,000 more
than the amount available for comparable activities in 1962. The
increases requested were all in areas such as personnel and financial
management, where workload automatically increases as the Public
Health Service programs expand.

During the hearings it was developed that the staff, expert in patent
law, is far from sufficient to give proper attention to the patent prob-
lems that come up in connection with the medical research programs,
in fact, it was testified that they have only one such expert on the
payroll at the present time. While the Committee has not recom-
mended an increase specifically for this, it will expect the Surgeon
General to divert sufficient funds from other items budgeted for
increases to hire two additional experts in this area.

SAINT ELIZABETHS HOSPITAL

Salaries and expenses —The Bill includes $6,332,000, an increase of
$358,000 over the request, and an increase of $1,227,000 over the
amount apprepriated for 1962. Every survey that has ever been
made of Saint Elizabeths Hespital has recommended substantial
increases in operating personnel. Since the last thorough study which
was made by a group of eminent experts in the field in 1958, appropri-
ations have allowed for modest but steady increases in personnel.
The Committee was disappointed that the budget presented for
1963 did very little more than provide for annualization of the in-
creases allowed for 1962. This resulted from cuts made in the original
budget prepared by St. Elizabeths Hospital, before the formal
budget was presented to Congress. The action of the Committee
will restore these cuts. This will still fall far short of the recom-
mendations of the study group previously mentioned.

Buildings and facilities —The Bill includes $8,095,000, the amount
of the request, and $7,520,000 more than was appropriated for 1962.
46  WLABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

The large item in the allowance for 1963 is $6,735,000 to cover the cost
of construction and equipment of a 450-bed rehabilitation center.
Funds were appropriated last year for the plans and specifications
for the facility. This is part of the Hospital's long range program for
replacement of antiquated treatment buildings and will serve as a
replacement for the Garfield Building, West Lodge Building, and a
portion of the west wing of the Center Building. ‘These obsolete
structures were built in 1872, 1856, and 1853 respectively.

SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION

Limitation on salaries and expenses, Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors
Insurance—The Bill includes $280,400,000, a reduction of $5,000,000
from the request, and $12,830,000 more than the appropriation for
1962. The budget included a request for a $15,000,000 contingency
fund which the committee has reduced te $10,000,000. Smee there
was no contingency fund in the 1962 appropriation as a result of con-
gressional action on the supplemental request for 1962, the $10,000,000
which is allowed in the Bill accounts for all but $2,830,000 of the
increase over the 1962 appropriation. Mandatory items of increase
in 1963 resulting from annualizing personnel placed on the payroll
in 1962 to carry out the additional work under the recent amendments,
account for all of this increase.

Reimbursement for military service credits —¥For each of the last few
years the Committee has urged the Bureau of the Budget, the Depart-
ment of Health, Education, and Welfare, and the Railread Retirement
Board to get together and determine the adjustments that should be
made between the general funds of the Treasury, the Railroad Retire-
ment Trust Fund, and the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust
Fund with regard to military service credits. The Committee has
been especially interested in seeing that the law was carried out in
regard to appropriations to the Railroad Retirement Trust Fund.
The budget for 1963 included a requested appropriation of $78,600,000
for reimbursement to the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust
Fund for military service credits and indicated that a request of
$16,000,000 for a similar payment to the Railroad Retirement Trust
Fund would be submitted at a later date. The latter request has
not yet been received. Since these two are so similar in nature, and
since the Committee has indicated previously that its greater interest
is in connection with the payment to the Railroad Retirement Trust
Fund, action has been deferred on the item for the Old-Age and
Survivors Insurance Trust Fund until the two can be considered
together.

Grants to states for public assistance—The Bill includes
$2,538,300,000, a reduction of $150,000,000 from the request, and
$137,100,000 over the amount appropriated for 1962. The request
included $97,900,000 to finance programs which expire at the end of
fiscal year 1962. Since there is no authorization for this amount it
has been disallowed. The remainder of the reduction below the
request is based on a general outlook for improvement in economic
and other factors which affect the requirements under this appro-
priation. When the budget for 1963 was presented to Congress in
January it indicated that a request for a supplemental appropriation
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 47

of $140,000,000 for 1962 would be submitted to Congress at a later
date. On February 7 when the request was actually submitted, it
was submitted in the amount of only $85,000,000 or a reduction of
almost 40 percent. While the 1963 budget could not be reduced by
nearly the same percentage, it appears that a reduction of the magni-
tude recommended is warranted.

Grants for traning public welfare personnel.—The Budget included a
request for $3,500,000 which, under the authorizing legislation, would
be a 100 per cent Federally financed program with no matching
required at the state or local level. While the Committee recognizes
that there is a need for more training of public welfare personnel, it is
of the opinion that any such program should be on a matching basis
of some type.

Assistance for repatriated United States nationals —The Bill includes
$467,000, a reduction of $408,000 from the request, and a reduction of
$297,000 below the amount appropriated for 1962. The reduction
from the request is the amount budgeted for that portion cf the
program currently lacking legislative authorization for fiscal year 1963.

Salaries and expenses, Bureau of Family Services —The Bill includes
$3,585,000, a reduction of $511,000 from the request, and $143,000
more than was appropriated for 1962. The reduction from the re-
quest is composed of $338,000 budgeted for civil defense activities and
$173,000 which represents the salaries and expenses budgeted for
administering the portion of the public assistance program for which
authorization expires at the end of fiscal year 1962.

Grants to states for maternal and child welfare-—The Bill includes
$75,795,000, a reduction of $955,000 from the request, and $6,695,000
over the amount appropriated for 1962. The budget included
$25,000,000 for each of the three basic grant programs “Services for
crippled children”, “Maternal and child health services”, and ‘‘Child-
welfare services’, the maximum authorized to be appropriated in
each case. The Committee has approved this part of the request in
total. The request of $1,750,000 for research or demonstration
projects in child welfare included $955,000 for so-called “full funding’”’,
in other words, for funding projects after 1963. The Committee has
allowed the full amount requested for this program for fiscal year
1963 but has disallowed the $955,000 requested for subsequent periods.

In last year’s report the Committee called attention to the fact
that far too little attention has beea paid to the plight of unwed
mothers in the teenage group. The Committee was pleased with
the report of the Children’s Bureau that some progress is being
made in this area. Lt is of course too early to see much in the way
of concrete resulis from the increased emphasis the Eureau has
placed on this during the last several months. The Committee
wishes to reiterate its mterest in having more done in this field, espe-
cially with regard to developing programs such as half-way houses for
the rehabilitation of these girls, and will expect that the Children’s
Bureau to be abie to point to concrete results next year.

Salaries and expenses, Children’s Bureau—The Bill includes
$2,853,000, the amount of the request, and $185,000 more than was
appropriated for 1962. In its report last year the Committee said:

Tt has been suggested to every secretary of the'Department
of Health, Education, and Welfare and every administrator
48 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

of the Federal Security Agency that it is wrong to relegate
the Children’s Bureau to a third level position. The Com-
mittee strongly feels that the responsibilities and the
activities of the Children’s Bureau are of sufficient importance
to warrant placing it on a level directly below the Secretary
rather than being just another office m the Social Security
Administration. The Secretary has always had the authority
to make such an organizational change and give the
Children’s Bureau the recognition that it deserves.

The Committee has some reason to believe that no one in authority
took the suggestion very seriously. The Committee wishes to re-
iterate its belief that something more should be done to give the
Children’s Bureau the recognition that it deserves and hopes that more
serious attention will be given te this during the next year than has
been given during the past year.

Cooperative research in social security —-The Bill includes $1,100,000,
a reduction of $800,000 from the request, and $400,000 more than was
appropriated for 1962. The Committee has denied requested author-
ity to make these funds available until expended so that each project
could be funded fer its full life rather than just for activities to be
carried out in 1963. The budget included $882,000 for funding
projects after fiscal year 1963. Since this has been denied the action
of the Committee actually adds $82,000 to the amount budgeted for
1963 activities. This program has proven to be much more popular
than originally supposed. The budget would fall far short of financing
the scientifically approved applications that will carry over from 1962
because of lack of funds and the large number expected to be sub-
mitted in 1963. Even with the increase recommended by the Com-
mittee there will be many worthwhile projects that will remain
unfunded.

International Social Security Association meeting —The request for
$160,000 for this purpose has been denied, not because the Committee
feels that there is lack of merit in the meeting, but it is not planned
until fiscal year 1965 and it appears that any preparations that are
necessary this far in advance would require very little in the way of
funds and can be borne by the appropriation for salaries and expenses
of the Office of the Commissioner.

Research and training (special foreign currency program) —The Bill
contains no funds for this program which represents a reduction of
$1,800,000 from the request, and $1,607,000 less than was appropriated
for 1962. Examples of projects under this program such as studies of
medical care for the aged in Yugoslavia and Israel; studying the social
security systems of Burma, India, and Indonesia; and studying credit
cooperatives in such countries as Burma, UAR, Israel, and Yugoslavia,
were not impressive to the Committee. The Committee has very
serious doubts that results of much value to this country would result
from a continuation of this program.

Salaries and expenses, Office of the Commissioner.—The Bill ineludes
an appropriation of $711,000 and authorization to transfer $418,000
from the Old Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund; the same as
the amounts requested in the budget; and $121,000 and $96,000,
respectively, more than the amounts allowed for 1962. This office
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 49

has had a considerable increase in its responsibilities as a result of
recent legislation and administrative action recently taken in the
field of public assistance. The Committee was much impressed by
the Commissioner’s justification for the requested increases.

¥YREEDMEN’S HOSPITAL

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $3,909,000, the amount
of the request, and $173,000 more than was appropriated for 1962.

AMERICAN PRINTING HOUSE FOR THE BLIND

Education of the blind-—The Bill includes $718,000, the amount of
the request, and $48,000 over the amount appropriated for 1962.
The amount allowed is estimated to provide $40 per capita for each
eligible blind pupil, which is the same amount provided for 1962.
The increase is based on an estimated increase of 1,202 eligible blind
pupils.

GALLAUDET COLLEGE

Salaries and expenses —The Bul includes $1,410,000, the amount of
the request, and $154,000 more than was appropriated for 1962.

Construction.—The Bill includes $355,000, the amount of the re-
quest, and $246,000 less than the amount appropriated for 1962.
The main item in the amount recommended is $200,000 for plans and
specifications for new dormitories which will be very much needed if
there is a continuation of the current trend for increased enrollment.
Indications are that if anything the trend will be accelerated in the
future.

HOWARD UNIVERSITY

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $7,492,000, the amount of
the request, and $485,000 more than was appropriated for 1962.
The Committee is pleased to note that the estimated increase in
non-Federal income is approximately equal to the increase in the Fed-
eral appropriation. This increase is due primarily to an adjustment
im the student fee schedules and also to an estimated continuation in
the trend of increased enrollment.

Plans and specifications —The Bill includes $86,000, the amount of
the request, and $375,000 less than the amount appropriated for 1962.
The amount recommended will provide $56,000 for drawing plans and
specifications for a much needed social work building; and $30,000 to
bring up to date the master development plan.

Construction of buildings —The Bill includes $5,531,000, the amount
of the request, and $1,084,000 more than was appropriated for 1962.
The appropriation will provide funds for 4 projects, two of which ac-
count for the bulk of the total amount. These are a new classroom
building and a new women’s dormitory which together will cost an
estimated $4,695,000. The classroom building will ease currently
crowded conditions due to the increase in enrollment, and the new
women’s dormitory will provide accommodations for 300 of the women
students who now have to live off the campus due to lack of dormitory
facilities.

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY

Salaries and expenses-—The Bill includes $2,621,000 and authority
to transfer $359,000 from the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust
50 LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS

Fund; $437,000 and $53,000, respectively, less than the request; and
$94,000 and $7,000, respectively, more than was made available for
1962. The recommendation of the Committee disallows all funds
budgeted for civil defense activities, and provides the 1962 operating
budget for other activities except for the following increases: $101,200
for certain mandatory cost increases; $23,700 to strengthen the special
staff on aging; $68,700 to strengthen adniinistrative and financial
management; and $11,500 for equipment replacement, books, and
periodical subscriptions for the library.

The Committee was again very much disappointed with the report
of activities aimed at doing something about the problems of the aging.
There was more talk this year, but that was about the only difference.
It appears that the only solution may be to turn this over to an
independent agency.

Office of Field Administration—The Bill includes an appropriation
of $3,335,000 and authorization to transfer $1,495,000 from other ac-
counts; $230,000 less than the requested appropriation, and the same
as the amount requested by transfer; and $70,000 and $30,000, re-
spectively, more than allowed for 1962. The Committee disallowed
funds requested for civil defense activities and $80,000 requested for
nine program analysts for regional offices.

Surplus property utilizatton-——The Bill includes $870,000, the
eaaney of the request, and $8,000 more than the amount appropriated

or 1962.

Office of the General Counsel —The Bill includes an appropriation of
$813,000 and authority to transfer $725,000 from other accounts; a
reduction of $43,000 from the requested appropriation, and the same
as the amount requested by transfer; and an increase of $100,000 and
$29,000, respectively, over the amounts made available for 1962.

Juvenile delinquency and youth offenses-—The Bill includes $5,-
810,000, a reduction of $2,690,000 from the request, and $2,390,000
less than was appropriated for 1962. Both the 1962 appropriation
and the 1963 budget included funds for so-cailed forward financing
of projects. The budget for 1963 included $2,690,000, the exact
amount of the recommended reduction, for financing projects after
fiscal year 1963. Thus the Committee’s action will result in no
reduction in the amount budgeted for use in 1963.

TITLE II—NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD

Salaries and expenses —The Bill includes $20,250,000, the amount
of the budget request, and $261,000 more than was appropriated for
1962.

The Board and the General Counsel have made a substantial record
in the past year in solving the problem of delays by reducing the
Board’s backlog, and improving procedures in the handling of both
unfair labor. practice and representation cases. The Committee’s
attention has been called, however, tothe fact that at times over-
emphasis on speed in case-handling in the regional offices has resulted
in inadequate concern for rights and protections to which parties are
entitled under the law. The Committee believes that it is of the
utmost importance that persons who allege that their rights have been
infringed or that they have been denied protection to which they are
entitled shall have their “day in court”’.
LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS 61

TITLE IV—-NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD

Salaries and expenses —The Bill includes $1,904,000, the amount of
the request, and $100,000 more than was appropriated for 1962.

TITLE V—RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes authority to use $9,640,000
from the Railroad Retirement Trust Fund, the amount of the request,
and $100,000 less than was made available for 1962.

The Committee was pleased to note that progress is being made in
resolving the problem of payment to the Railroad Retirement Trust
Fund for military service “wage credits’. Itis hoped that a complete
resolution of the problem will be accomplished in the near future.
As mentioned on page 46 the Committee is withholding action on
appropriating for similar credits due the Old-Age and Survivors
Insurance Trust Fund so that the two may be considered together.

TITLE VI—FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION
SERVICE

Salaries and expenses.—The Bill includes $4,923,000, a reduction of
$100,000 from the request, and $535,000 more than was appropriated
for 1962.

TITLE VIE—INTERSTATE COMMISSION ON THE POTOMAC
RIVER BASIN

Federal contribution.—The Bill includes $5,000, the amount of the
request, and the same amount as was appropriated for 1962.

TITLE VILI—UNITED STATES SOLDIERS’ HOME

Iumitation on operation and mainéenance and capital outlay.—The
Biil includes $6,128,000, the amount of the request, and $76,000 more
than was made available for 1962.

LIMITATIONS AND LEGISLATIVE FROVISIONS

The following limitations and legislative provisions not heretofore
carried in connection with any appropriation bill are recommended:

On page 19, in connection with Office of Vocational Rehabilitation,
Grants to States:

Provided further, That additional allotments, not exceeding
$240,000 in the aggregate, for grants under section 2 of said
Act may be made, in accordance with regulations of the Seere-
tary, to States in which the Federal share of the costs of rehabil-
itation services under such section exceeds their respective
allotments from such $110,000 ,000 ,

On page 48, in connection with General Provisions:

See. 904. None of the funds contained in this Act shail
be paid to any person or organization registered with the Clerk
of the House and the Seeretary of the Senate under the Regula-
tion of Lobbying Ad.
PERMANENT APPROPRIATIONS, GENERAL AND SPECIAL FUNDS

 

Agency and item

Appropriated, 1962

Estimates, 1963

Increase (+), decrease (—)

 

Office of Education:

Payments to States and Territories for colleges of agriculture
and mechanic arts (act of Mar. 4, 1907)_......___________-

Payments to States for promotion of vocational education (act
of Feb. 28, 1917)_____-_--_ eee eee

 

 

$2, 550, 000 $2, 550, 000 |...
7, 161, 000 7,161, 000 |... 002-22 eee
9, 711, 000 9, 711, 000 |-.-2- 2-2-2 eee

 

 

 

TRUST FUNDS

[Not a charge against general revenue]

 

Agency and item

Estimates, 1962

Estimates, 1963

Increase (-+), decrease (—)

 

DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Employment Security: Unemployment trust fund_-_-___-
Bureau of Employees’ Compensation:

Relief and rehabilitation, Longshoremen’s and Harbor Workers’
Compensation Act, as amended_____._._-..-----------.--

Relief and rehabilitation, Workmen’s Compensation Act, with-
in the District of Columbia___._-....-.-.-.---.2---.----_-

Administration of the District of Columbia Workmen’s Com-

 

pensation Act... eee

$3, 584, 176, 000

25, 600

10, 000

279, 000

 

$3, 998, 530, G00

24, 000

10, 000

279, 000

 

+$414, 354, 000

GG

SNOLLVIUdOUddY AUVATHM ‘NOILVONGS “EQWIvatt-wogvt
Bureau of Labor Statistics: Special statistical work_____._-_--__-
Total, Department of Labor____.___.____-_-_._---.-----
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE

Office of the Secretary: Federal Council on Aging. ._...----------

Public Health Service benefit and gift funds_..-._...-.--------+-

St. Elizabeths Hospital patients’ benefit fund....-.-...----.-----

St. Elizabeths Hospital conditional gift fund____--....-.--------

Social Security Administration:

Federal Disability Insurance trust fund..___--..--.----.---

Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance trust fund_______--

Total, Departmentzof Health, Education, and Welfare____-~
RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD

Railroad retirement account___..__.-_-------------------------

Limitation on Railroad Unemployment Insurance Administration
Fund__.-------.------ +--+ ee

Total, Railroad Retirement Board.___._...2.2---_-2 ae

Total trust funds, all agencies_..-...-.---...--.---------

36, 000

~~ 36, 000

 

3, 584, 526, G00

3, 998, $43, 000

+414, 317, 000

 

 

6, 000
184, 000
1, 000
1, 000

1, 116, 000, 000
12, 252, 060, 000

6, 000
248, 000
1, 000

1, 174, 589, 000
14, 231, 098, 000

+58, 589, 000
+1, 979, 038, 000

 

13, 368, 252, 000

15, 405, 942, 000

+2, 037, 690, 000

 

1, 109, 500, 000

9, 470, 000

1, 172, 500, 000

9, 000, 000

+63, 000, 000

—470, 000

 

1, 118, 970, 000

1, 181, 500, 000

+62, 530, 000

 

 

 

18, 071, 748, 000

 

20, 586, 285, 000

 

+-2, 514, 537, 000

 

SNOILVIUdOUddY TUVATIGM ‘NOLLVONGE ‘HALIVaH-yOsVI

&¢
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1962, ESTIMATES FOR 1963, AND AMOUNTS
RECOMMENDED IN BILL FOR 1963

TITLE I—DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

 

Bill compared with—

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Agency and item Appropriations, 1962 Estimates, 1963 Recommended in
1962 appropriation 1963 estimates
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Salaries and expenses_.........-.--.--2_- $12, 667, 000 $15, 297, 000 $14, 158, 000 +$1, 491, 000 —$1, 189, 600
Revision of Consumer Price Index________ 2, 100, 000 1, 333, 000 1, 333, 000 — 767, 000 |_-_---..---------
Total, Bureau of Labor Statistics _ __ 14, 767, 000 16, 630, 000 15, 491, 000 +724, 000 —1, 139, 000
BUREAU OF INTERNATIONAL LABOR
AFFAIRS
Salaries and expenses______....--.------- 500, 000 950, 000 785, 000 +285, 000 — 165, 000
OFFICE OF AUTOMATION AND MANPOWER
Salaries and expenses__......-.---------- (1) 900, 000 800, 000 +800, 000 —~ 100, 600
AREA REDEVELOPMENT
Salaries and expenses.....2-_------------ 14, 000, 000 15, 041, 000 11, 041, 000 —2, 959, 000 —4, 000, 000
BUREAU OF APPRENTICESHIP AND
TRAINING
Salaries and expenses_______...-.---.---- 4, 976, 000 5, 026, 000 5, 026, 000 +50, 000 [-_----_----------

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

vG

SNOLLVIUdOUddV WUVATAM ‘NOILVONGT ‘EHLIVaH-woOaVI
BUREAU OF EMPLOYMENT SECURITY
Limitation on salaries and expenses... -----
Limitations on grants to States.._..----.---

Payment to the Federal extended compen-
sation account__..-----_--------------

Advances to Employment Security Admin-
istration account____.-.---------------

Unemployment compensation for Federal
employees and ex-servicemen___-..-----

Mexican farm labor program:
Compliance activities__.-------------

Salaries and expenses (transfer from re-
volving fund) ...------------------

Total, Bureau of Employment
Security._..------.----------

BUREAU OF VETERANS’ REEMPLOYMENT
RIGHTS

Salaries and expenses__-__-.-------------
BUREAU OF LABOR STANDARDS

Salaries and expenses__--_.-.-------------

1 This activity is being financed under the appropriation “Salaries and expenses, Office of the Secretary,” during 1962.

that obligations will total $70,000.

[ 10, 500, 000]
[ 405, 000, 000]

[ 12, 865, 000]
[ 424, 900, 000]

(11, 500, 000]
1350, 000, 000]

[+1, 000, 000]
[ —56, 000, 000]

[ —1, 365, 000]
[ —74, 900, 000]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

340, 000, 000 |..--------------|---------------- —340, 000, 000 |_.--------------
20, 000, 000 |...------------|---------------- —20, 000, 000 |_.--------------
147, 000, 000 131, 000, 000 129, 000, 000 | +~18, 000, 000 —2, 000, 000
1, 149, 000 1, 740, 000 1, 640, 000 +491, 000 —100, 000
[1, 519, 000] [ 2, 269, 000] [2, 178, 000] [ +659, 000] [—91,000]
508, 149, 000 132, 740, 000 130, 640, 000 | +—377, 509, 000 —2, 100, 000
633, 000 633, 000 633, 000 |....------------|--- eee
3, 258, 000 3, 919, 000 3, 800, 000 +542, 000 —119, 000

 

 

 

 

 

 

It is estimated

SNOILVINdOUddVY TUVATEM ‘NOLLVONaD ‘ELIVaH-HOdvVI

gg
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1962, ESTIMATES FOR 1963, AND AMOUNTS
RECOMMENDED IN BILL FOR 19638—Continued

TITLE I—DEPARTMENT OF LABOR—Continued

 

Agency and item

Appropriations, 1962

Estimates, 1963

Recommended in

bill for 1963

Bill compared with—

 

1962 appropriation

1963 estimates

 

BUREAU OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTS
Salaries and expenses__..--___.______.___
BUREAU OF EMPLOYEES’ COMPENSATION
Salaries and expenses...._-.____._____.__
Transfer from longshoremen’s trust fund___-
Employees’ compensation claims and ex-

Total, Bureau of Employees’ Com-
pensation. .-_22- 22
WOMEN’S BUREAU
Salaries and expenses__..-.___..-__._..__
WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION

Salaries and expenses___.___.___.____-__.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$5, 775, 000 $5, 850, 000 $5, 675, 000 —$100, 000 — $175, 000
3, $34, 000 3, 845, 000 * 3, 845, 000 +11, 000 |..-2-2--

[55, 000] [55, 800] [55, 800] 00) || ee ]
64, 000, 000 62, 071, 000 62, 071, 000 —1, 929, 000 |...-2--2 ee
67, $34, 000 65, 916, 000 65, 916, 000 —1, 918, 000 |..-. 2-2

668, 000 777, 000 718, 000 +50, 000 — 59, 000
17, 307, 000 17, 765, 000 17, 715, 000 +408, 000 50, 000

 

9¢

SNOILVIUdOUddVY GAVATAM ‘NOLLVOOGY “HuTyar-yoayT
OFFICE OF THE SOLICITOR

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Salaries and expenses_.___._-..-.--.2__2- 4, 116, 000 4, 181, 000 4, 181, 000 +65, 000 j--.------- eee
Transfer from unemployment trust fund_.___|[_-...--2.-.---- J [122, 000] [124, 000] [-+122,-000]|[_..._..._____- ]
Total, Office of the Solicitor... _.___ 4, 116, 000 4,181, 000 4, 181, 000 +65, 000 |.----- 2 -- ee
OFFICE. OF THE, SECRETARY
Salaries and expenses_______--.._-.-.2_- 1, 796, 000 2, 221, 000 1, 905, 000 +109, 000 — 316, 000
Transfer from unemployment trust fund__.._|[......----_-_- ] [ 132, 000] [132, 000] [+ 182, OOO}[.----- eee ]
Total, Office of the Secretary_______ 1, 796, 000 2, 221, 000 1, 905, 000 +109, 000 -=316, 000
Total appropriations, Department
of Labor__..._--------- 1. 648, 779, 000 272, 549, 000 264, 326,000 | —379, 453, 000 — 8, 223, 000
TITLE II—~DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE
FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION
Salaries and expenses________.-..._.--_.. $23, 000, 000 | $28, 400, 000 $28, 280, 000 +85, 280, 000 — $120, 000
Certification, inspection, and other services
(indefinite) ....-.-.--------- 0-2 eee {1, 790, 000] [1, 882, 000] [1, 882, 000] [+ 92, 000]|[----------_.- ]
Pharmacology-animal laboratory building__ 1, 750, 000 {__.------------ Jee —1, 750, 000}.
Total, Food and Drug Administra-
tion... 2-e--------ee- 24, 750, 000 28, 400, 000 28, 280, 000 +8, 530, 000 — 120, 000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SNOILVIUdOUddY TUVAIGM ‘NOTLVONGa ‘HLIVaH-NOoaVI

Lg
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1962, ESTIMATES FOR 1963, AND AMOUNTS
RECOMMENDED IN BILL FOR 1963—Continued

TITLE II—DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE—Continued

 

Agency and item

Appropriations, 1962

Estimates, 1963

Recommended in
bill for 1963

Bill compared with—

 

1962 appropriation

1963 estimates

 

OFFICE OF EDUCATION

Promotion and further development of
vocational education..__-.------------

Further endowment of colleges of agricul-
ture and the mechanic arts_..___-_-----

Land-grant college aid, Hawaii. .---------
Grants for library services. __-...--.-----
Payments to schools districts_.._.-.------
Assistance for school construction_..-.-..-
Defense educational activities. __..-_.-.--

Expansion of teaching in education of the
mentally retarded___..----------------

Expansion of teaching in education of the
deaf__-..2---.-------- ee a-------

Cooperative research.._....-------------

 

Salaries and expenses.___...-.-----------

$38, 672, 000

8, 194, 000
3, 775, 000
7, 500, 000

231, 293, 000

54, $50, 000

211, 627, 000

1, 000, 000

1, 575, 000
5, 000, 000
11, 594, 000

 

$34, 672, 000

11, 950, 000
7, 500, 000

232, 293, 000

55, 045, 000

229, 450, 000

1, 000, 000

1, 500, 000
11, 000, 000
12, 741, 000

$34, 672, 000

11, 950, 000

7, 500, 000
282, 322, 000
63, 686, 000
229, 450, 000

1, 000, 000

1, 500, 000
6, 985, 000

 

12, 250, 000

 

-+$1, 000, 000

+3, 756, 000
—3, 775, 000
+51, 029, 000
+8, 836, 000
+17, 823, 000

—75, 000
+1, 985, 000
+656, 000

 

+ $50, 029, 000
+8, 641, 000

—4, 015, 000
— 491, 000

8g

SNOLLVIUMOUddY BAVATHM ‘NOLLVOOaG ‘HLIVaH-wOavT
Salaries and expenses
currency program)

(special foreign

Total, Office of Education

OFFICE OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION

Grants to States

Research and training

Research and training (special foreign
currency program)

Salaries and expenses

Total, Office of Vocational Rehabili-
tation

PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
Buildings and facilities....-.-__--__2 8
Accident prevention__._._._.___- 2 _____.
Chronic diseases and health of the aged____
Communicable disease activities_._._.____

Community health practice and research..._

Control of tuberculosis. __.-.-____._____.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

we ee eee eee 400, 000 |.-.---2-- ee eee|eeee — 400, 000
570, 080, 000 597, 551, 000 651, 315,000 | +81, 235,000 | +53, 764, 000

64, 450, 000 72, 940, 000 72, 940, 000 +8, 490, 000 |....-----_ Lee
20, 250, 000 23, 900, 000 24, 500, 000 +4, 250, 000 +600, 000
1, 372, 000 2, 000, 000 1, 500, 000 +128, 000 — 500, 000

2, 325, 000 2, 486, 000 2, 486, 000 +161, 000 |-._22--- 2 eel
88, 397, 000 101, 326, 000 101, 426, 000 | +13, 029, 000 +100, 000
18, 230, 000 27, 000, 000 31,000,000 | +12, 770, 000 +4, 000, 000

3, 618, 000 3, 668, 000 3, 668, 000 4-50, 000 |-.---- 22 -

10, 958, 000 22, 942, 000 22, 942,000 | +11, 984,000 |.-_____---. 8

10, 000, 000 10, 062, 000 10, 062, 000 +62, 000 |.------2

24, 336, 000 25, 776, 000 25, 776, 000 +1, 440, 000.|.-..------

6, 493, 000 6, 493, 000 6, 493, 000 |___..------ Jee

6, 000, 600 7, 000, 000 7, 000, 000 +1, 000, 000 |_.___---- eee

2, 500, 000 2, 506, 000 2, 506, 000 +6, 000 |_---------- 2-8

7, 675, 000 8, 438, 000 8, 438, 000 +763, 000 |_.-.2. 2

OILVINdOUddVY GDUVATIGCM ‘NOILVOOaN ‘HLTVaH-yOaVv1

SN

6¢
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1962, ESTIMATES FOR 1963, AND AMOUNTS
RECOMMENDED IN BILL FOR 1963—Continued

TITLE II—DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE—Continued

 

Agency and item

Appropriations, 1962

Estimates, 1963

Recommended in
bill for 1963

Bill compared with—

 

1962 appropriation

1963 estimates

 

PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE—continued
Hospital construction activities.__......--
Air pollution control__..-.--------------

Milk, food, interstate and community sani-
tation. ._-...------------------------

Occupational health__.._....------------
Radiological health.....--..------------

Water supply and water pollution control_-

Hospitals and medical care_.-_..-.-------
Foreign quarantine activities.__..--------
National Institutes of Health:
General research and services...-_----
National Cancer Institute__..----..--

Mental health activities. .....-_..---

 

$211, 500, 000
8, 800, 000

7, 424, 000
3, 981, 000
10, 647, 000
20, 328, 000

80, 000, 000
49, 835, 000
6, 084, 000

127, 637, 000
142, 836, 000
108, 876, 000

 

$176, 220, 000
10, 069, 000

7, 502, 000
4, 022, 000
15, 875, 000
23, 607, 000

90, 000, 000
50, 259, 000
4, 292, 000

147, 826, 000
139, 109, 000
126, 899, 000

 

$188, 572, 000
11, 069, 000

7, 502, 000
4, 022, 000
15, 875, 000
24, 607, 000

90, 000, 000
50, 259, 000
5, 892, 000

155, 826, 000
150, 409, 000
133, 599, 000

 

—$22, 928, 000
+2, 269, 000

+78, 000
+41, 000
+5, 228, 000
+4, 279, 000

+10, 000, 000
+424, 000
— 192, 000

+28, 189, 000
+7, 573, 000
+24, 723, 000

 

+-$12, 352, 000
+1, 000, 000

+1, 600, 000

+8, 000, 000
+11, 300, 000
+6, 700, 000

09

SNOLLVINdGOUddY AYVAITM ‘NOILVONGG “ELIVaH-soOavT
National Heart Institute______..____-
National Institute of Dental Research_

Arthritis and metabolic disease activ-

Allergy and infectious disease activities.
Neurology and blindness activities. __.

Subtotal, National Institutes of
Health....---.----------------

Grants for construction of cancer research
facilities. ....._...-.._---.----+------

Hospital and medical facility research - ~~...

Grants for construction of health research
facilities. ...-.---..------------------

Scientific activities overseas (special for-
eign currency program)_..-.--.--------

National health statisties.-_.-..---------
Operations, National Library of Medicine__
Retired pay of commissioned officers (indefi-
Salaries and expenses, Office of the Surgeon

General___..2---2--.-----------------

Total, Public Health Service..._-_-

 

 

 

132, 912, 000 126, 898, 000 143, 398, 000 , +10, 486,000; +16, 500, 000
17, 340, 000 17, 199, 000 19, 199, 000 +1, 859, 000 +2, 000, 000
81, 831, 000 91, 921, 000 98, 721,000 | +16, 390, 000 +-6, 800, 000
56, 091, 000 59, 342, 000 62, 142, 000 +6, 051, 000 +2, 800, 000
70, 812, 000 71, 206, 000 77, 506, 000 +6, 694, 000 +6, 300, 000

738, 335, 000 780, 400, 000 840, 800, 000 | +102, 465,000 | +60, 400, 000

5, 000, 000 |.-.--..---------|---------------- —5, 000, 000 |...--..---------
10, 000, 000 |....------------|---------------- —10, 000, 000 |...--.----------
30, 000, 000 50, 000, 000 50, 000, 000 | +20, 000, 000 |._...-.--.------
9, 000, 000 2, 800, 000 2, 800, 000 —6, 200, 000 |..------- eee
4, 642, 000 5, 250, 000 5, 150, 000 +508, 000 — 100, 000
2, 066, 000 3, 335, 000 3, 335, 000 +1, 269, 000 |...-------------
[2, 877, 000] [ 4, 671, 000) [2, 671, 000] [-+294, 000]|[_------------- ]
5, 375, 000 5, 850, 000 5, $50, 000 +475, 000 |._-....---------
1, 292, 827, 000 | 1, 343, 366, 000 | 1, 423,618,000 | +130,791,000 | +80, 252, 000

 

 

 

 

 

 

vonaa ‘HLIVIH-wosVvT

SNOLLVINdOUddY TAVATAM ‘NOLL

T9
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1962, ESTIMATES FOR 1963, AND AMOUNTS
RECOMMENDED IN BILL FOR 1963—Continued

TITLE TI—DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE—Continued

 

Agency and item

Appropriations, 1962

Estimates, 1963

Recommended in
bill for 1963

Bill compared with—

 

1962 appropriation

1963 estimates

 

ST. ELIZABETHS HOSPITAL

SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION

Limitation on salaries and expenses, Bureau
of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (trust
fund)

Limitation on construction, BOASI (trust
fund)

Reimbursement for military service credits__
Grants to States for public assistance__.___
Grants for training public welfare personnel_

Assistance for repatriated United States
nationals._____..22 2

Salaries and expenses, Bureau of Family
Services... 2.2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$5, 105, 000 $5, 974, 000 $6, 332,000 | +$1, 227, 000 + $358, 000

575, 000 8, 095, 000 8, 095, 000 +7, 520, 000 [..0---- 8

5, 680, 000 14, 069, 000 14, 427, 000 +8, 747, 000 +358, 000

[267, 570, 000}/ [288, 400,000]| [ 280, 400, 000]| [+ 12, 880,000]} [ —5, 000, 000]

[4, 000, 000]|[--------__.-_- ][------------_- Il  —4, 000, 000]|[-.--.-.. 2... ]

wee eee eee ee 78, 600, 000 |_...-.-------..-|-------...--....| —78, 600, 000
2, 401, 200, 000 | 2, 688, 300,000 | 2, 538, 300,000 | +137, 100,000 | ~-150, 000, 000
one ee eee e ee 3, 500, 000 |__-eeee —8, 500, 000
764, 000 875, 000 467, 000 —297, 000 — 408, 000

3, 442, 000 4, 096, 000 3, 585, 000 +143, 000 —511, 000

69

SNOLLVIUdOUddVY GUVAIGM ‘NOILVOOdR “ERLIVaT-yOgvt
Grants to States for maternal and chila
welfare

Salaries and expenses, Children’s Bureau-_--
Cooperative research in social security._---

International Social Security Association
meeting...__.____2___-uu-------------

Research and training (special foreign
currency program)_._...--------------

Salaries and expenses, Office of the Com-
missioner:

Appropriation. ____..--------.------
Transfer from OAST trust fund..------

FREEDMEN’S HOSPITAL
Salaries and expenses_..___...--.--------
AMERICAN PRINTING HOUSE FOR THE BLIND
Education of the blind._....-.-----------
GALLAUDET COLLEGE
Salaries and expenses___..---------------
Construction. ___..._..-----------------

Total, Gallaudet College__.___-----

69, 100, 000
2, 668, 000
700, 000

1, 607, 000

590, 000
[ 322, 000]

76, 750, 000
2, 853, 000
1, 900, 000

100, 000

1, 800, 000

711, 000
[ 418, 000]

75, 795, 000
2, 853, 000
1, 100, 000

711, 000
[ 418, 000]

+6, 695, 000
+185, 000
+400, 000

—1, 607, 000

+121, 000
[ +96, 000]

—955, 000

— 800, 000

—100, 000

— 1, 800, 000

 

2, 480, 071, 000

2, 859, 485, 000

2, 622, 811, 000

+ 142, 740, 000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SNOLLVINdOUddY DUVATIEM ‘NOILVONad “HLIVaH-yOdv1

 

 

3, 736, 000 3, 909, 000 3, 909, 000 +173, 000 |_..--2---22 eee
670, 000 718, 000 718, 000 +48, 000 |__.-.----
1, 256, 000 1, 410, 000 1, 410, 000 +154, 000 |_..----------ee
601, 000 355, 000 355, 000 —246, 000 |_.----
1, 857, 000 1, 765, 000 1, 765, 000 —92, 000 |.---------------

 

 

 

 

 

 

€9
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1962, ESTIMATES FOR 1963, AND AMOUNTS
RECOMMENDED IN BILL FOR 1963—Continued

TITLE II—DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE—Continued

 

Agency and item

Appropriations, 1962

Estimates, 1963

Recommended in

bill for 1963

Bill compared with—

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

196% appropriation 1963 estimates
HOWARD UNIVERSITY
Salaries and expenses_..___..._..-_..__-_- $7, 007, 000 $7, 492, 000 $7, 492, 000 + $485, 000 |-.--
Plans and specifications......-.__...-_2_- 461, 000 86, 000 86, 000 — 375, 000 |...
Construction of buildings________._______ 4, 447, 000 5, 531, 000 5, 531, 000 +1, 084, 000 |p.
Construction of auditorium-fine arts build-
ing (liquidation of contract authority) __ 95, 000 |..---.--.------_j------- ee —95, 000 [_---- Le
Total, Howard University_..._____- 12, 010, 000 13, 109, 000 13, 109, 000 +1, 099, 000 j__--.
OFFICH OF THE SECRETARY
Office of the Secretary:
Appropriation_.._..._____-_----o2- ee. 2, 527, 000 3, 058, 000 2, 621, 000 +94, 000 — $437, 000
Transfer from OASI trust fund_....--- [352, 000] [412, 000] [ 359, 000] [+7, 000] [—58, 000]
Office of Field Administration:
Appropriation.......-____.___..__... 3, 265, 000 3, 565, 000 3, 335, 000 +70, 000 — 230, 000
Transfers....----...--.-.--------- [1, 465, 000] [1, 495, 000] [1, 495, 000] [ +30, 000]|[.-..-..__._-_-. ]
862, 000 870, 000 870, 000 +8, 000 [L222 2.

Surplus property utilization....._._.2_..-

v9

Onaga ‘HWIVaEH-yoayT

SNOLLVIddOUddV GUVATIEM ‘NOILY
Office of the General Counsel:
Appropriation. ....2.22.222 22-2 uo ee
Transfers_..--. 22.2

Juvenile delinquency and youth offenses ___-

Total, Office of the Secretary____._-
Total, direct appropriations, De-

partment of Health, Education,
and Welfare.._.-.-----.--.__.-_-

Total, direct and indefinite appro-
priations, Department of Health,
Education, and Welfare__..._.__-

 

 

 

 

713, 000 856, 000 813, 000 4-100, 000 ~~ 43, 000
[696, 000] [726, 000] [726, 000] [+29, 000]|[-------------- |

8, 200, 000 8, 500, 000 5, 810, 000 — 2, 390, 000 ~2, 690, 000

15, 567, 000 16, 849, 000 13, 449, 000 —2, 118, 000 —3, 400, 000

4, 495, 645,000 | 4, 980, 547,000 | 4, 874, 827,000 | +379, 182,000 | —105, 720, 000
4, 167, 000 4, 553, 000 4, 553, 000 +386, 000 |.....---------_-

4, 499, 812, 000 | 4, 985, 100,000 | 4, 879,380,000 | +379, 568,000 |] —105, 720, 000

 

 

TITLE ITI—NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Salaries and expenses... .-2-_______ $19, 989, 000 $20, 250, 000 $20, 250, 000 + $261, 000 j_----_----._.__-
TITLE IV—NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD

Salaries and expenses._____._..._-...-_-- $1, 804, 000 $1, 904, 000 $1, 904, 000 + $100, 000 |__----_------..-
TITLE V—RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD

Salaries and expenses (trust fund limitation) _ [$9, 740, 000] [$9, 640, 000] [89, 640, 000] [— $100, 000)|[----------~---- ]

Payment to Railroad unemployment insur-
anee account._____------------------- 10, 000, 000 |__.---_---------|---------_-_1--- —10, 000, 000 |--.------..-___
Total, Railroad Retirement Board _ 10, 000, 000 |.------_--------|----~--.-------- —10, 000, 000 |.------.-----2 8.

 

 

 

 

 

 

SNOILVINdOUddV AUVAIGM ‘NOILVOOaa SHLIVaH-yOdVI1

G9
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1962, ESTIMATES FOR 1963, AND AMOUNTS
RECOMMENDED IN BILL FOR 1963—Continued

TITLE VI—FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE

 

Agency and item

Appropriations, 1962

Estimates, 1963

Recommended in
bill for 1963

Bill compared with—

 

1962 appropriation

1963 estimates

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Salaries and expenses._.____._-_-.-___.__-_ $4, 388, 000 $5, 023, 000 $4, 923, 000 + $535, 000 — $100, 000
TITLE VII—INTERSTATE COMMISSION ON THE POTOMAC RIVER BASIN
Federal contribution_._.._______2.____ $5, 000 $5, 000 $5, 000 |.------------ Jee
TITLE VIII—UNITED STATES SOLDIERS’ HOME
Limitation on operation and maintenance
and capital outlay....222 2. [$6, 052, 000] [$6, 128, 000] [86, 128, 000] [+876, 000]|[....--..---2 28 ]
Total direct appropriations, all titles .
of the bill.--_-_- eee 5, 175, 610, 000 | 5, 280, 278, 000 | _~—5, 166, 235, 000 —9, 375, 000 —114, 043, 000
Total, indefinite appropriations, all /
titles of the bill.--_--_.._.______ 4, 167, 000 4, 553, 000 4, 553, 000 +386, 000 |.----. et
Grand total_____.-_-.22--- 2 _ 5, 179, 777,000 | 5, 284, 831, 000 5, 170, 788, 000 —8, 989, 000 — 114, 043, 000

 

 

 

 

 

 

O

99

SNOILVINdOUddY DUVATITM - ‘NOLLVOOGa ‘ALIVaH-YOdvI