(Not printed at Government expense)

   

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United States
of America —

 

Q
PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE OE! CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

 

 

New International Medical Research Program Is Pro-
posed; $50 Million Annually for War on Disease

UNITED STATES RESEARCH RE-
SOURCES MOBILIZED

 

SPEECH
oF

HON. LISTER HILL

OF ALABAMA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
August 13 and 16,1958

Mr. HILL. . Mr. President, I introduce
for appropriate reference, a joint reso-
lution to establish the demestic machin-
ery which will make possible the maxi-
mum mobilization of the Nation’s health
research resources for more efficient co-
operation with international organiza-
tions in the fleld of medical research.

The joint resolution would establish
the National Advisory Council for Inter-
national Medical Research in the De-
partment of Health, Education, and
Welfare, and would set up the National
Institute of International Medical Re-
search in the United States Public
Health Service.

The objective of this joint resolution
is an international mobilization for
war—a cooperative war against disease
and disability, those historic enemies of
all men and all peoples.

The international mobilization pro-
vided for in this joint resolution is lim-
ited to the weapons and the technique
of science called research.

The program I propose would provide
the authority, funds, and United States
governmental machinery to permit the
mounting of an expanding international
assault, by means of research, on those
diseases and impairments of man which
are still beyond the reach of science, and
on those health problems which have
been increasing in their scope and gray-
ity with each passing year.

Such a program should became a ma-=
jor and vital part of American foreign
policy. In our effort te win the trust

476829-—67622

and friendship of the uncommitted mil-
lions of the world, what more important
boon can we bring to them than the
promise of good health and long life?
Medical science as an instrument of for-
eign policy would draw upon America’s
great strength not only in medical
knowledge and skill but in the humani-
tarian instincts, the generosity, the com-
passion of our people.

It is urgent that the resources and ca-
pablilities of medical science throughout
the world be brought to bear, with the
greatest possible coordination and co-
operation, on the problem of disease and
disability. Despite breath-taking prog-
ress in the control and cure of some
diseases, we encounter each day new
probvlems of increasing danger and grav-~
ity.

New diseases and new varities of dis-
eases are appearing. Old immunities
are disappearing. Diseases and infirmi-
ties to which some people in distant
regions have had a natural immunity
are reappearing there or they are ap-
pearing in new areas where there is no
such acquired immunity. The expansion
of air travel has brought old diseases to
new places. Last winter America was
invaded by a contagious virus originat-
ing in North China, which suddenly ex-
ploded by way of Hong Kong throughout
much of the world, and resulted in the
worldwide epidemic called Asiatic flu.
Today disease is as international a prob-
lem as war itself.

Many of the millions and hundreds of
millicns of lives being saved by the con-
quest and control of some diseases are
being attacked in increasing numbers by
other diseases and disabilities to which
medical science does not yet have a satis-
factory answer—and in some cases, no
answer at all.

In 1957, cancer killed 1 American every
2 minutes. And of those who died of
cancer, 75,000 men and women were in

their thirties, forties, and fifties—in the
prime of productive life. Unless we find
the answer to this dread disease in its
many forms, two-thirds of all American
families will be touched by cancer, and
40 million persons now alive in the United
States will be disabled by cancer.

Around the earth, the incidence of
cancer is on the increase in 33 countries.

Ten million Americans are currently
suffering from heart and circulatory dis-
eases. Last year diseases of the heart
and circulatcry system were responsible
for more than 50 percent—some 800,-
000-——of the total deaths in the United
States. Of those who died from the faii-
ure of the heart or blood vessels, 153,060
had not reached the age of retirement.

The incidence of cerebral palsy is on
the increase in the United States and ia
other countries.

The number of people who are being
permanently crippled and disabled by
disease and accident each year in the
United States and in the world is much
greater than the number who are being
rehabilitated and restored to active life
each year,

I could cite many more statistics. But
thereisnoneed. Iam sure that the Sen-
ate, and the Nation, are fully awere that
we need to step up the pace of scientific
advance against the still untamed killers
and cripplers of men and women and
children.

The joint resolution I have introduced
presents a program that would contrib-
ute, in a major and irreplaceable way, to
this advance. -

Leading medical scientists in America
agree that a program of international
cooperation and coordination in medical
research, and an increase in research
and research training on an international
level, has one of the highest priorities
among the present needs of medical
science.
2

Duplicate research is going on in some
countries of the world. Some of this du-
plication is desirable; some is inevitable.
But much of it is unnecessary and waste-
ful of men, money, and effort, at a time
when men, money, and effort, through
coordination, could bring significant—
perhaps even miraculous—progress to-
ward goals for- whose attainment all
mankind prays.

There is today some international co-
operation of an informal sort in medical
research. Some of the great philan-
thropic foundations like the Ford Foun-
dation and the Rockefeller Foundation
have made substantial grants for re-
search abroad. But this is not enough.
There is a critical need for concerted in-
ternational planning, programing, and
prosecution of research. There is need
for a much greater flow and exchange of
information, and for a greatly expanded
program of training of research person~
nel.

The kernel of a great medical discov-
ery May be unwittingly made in an obh-
secure laboratory in Poland, or Thailand,
or Ecuador. Another scientist or group
of scientists in Washington or London
or Paris may be able to see in this find-
ing the implications which by further
research can be converted into a great
medical development, to the immeasur-
abie benefit to man. But all too fre-
quently, the obscure finding does not
come to light for years. Progress is im-
peded. And precisely because of the lack
of the means of communication and co-
ordination which this joint resolution
would provide.

There are countless examples of this
kind which have come to light after a
prime discovery has been made. If the
obscurely discovered finding had been
known, medical progress could have been
advanced by years.

Tam told, for instance, that if all the
research experience in the world today,
bearing on the subject of cancer and
heart disease, could be brought together
and sifted and refined, and further re-
search conducted on the basis of that
knowledge, a major breakthrough not
only would be possible, but even likely,
in the immediate future.

There is need for a program of inter-
national medical research, and there is
need for legislation providing authoriza-
tion, funds, and governmental machinery
which will permit the United States to
mobilize its own scientific resources for
participation in such an undertaking.

The proposed joint resolution, the
product of many months of study, work,

4'76829-—87622

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD

and consultation with scientific experts,
would provide the legislative authority
and the means for the pooling of re-~
search facilities and resources on as
nearly a worldwide basis as possible. It
would establish ties of cooperation be-
tween American research and research
in other lands, and would built up the
arsenal of knowledge and skills upon
which the United States and all nations
could draw.

This is a research joint resolution.
The program authorized does not get into
the. field of operations or operational
assistance in either public health or
medical practice. It would attack in-
ternationally the problems of disease and
disability on the research front. It is
confined to stimulating and encouraging
research and experimentation, and
training research scientists and workers.

The principal machinery to be utilized
for this purpose would be the National
Institutes of Health of the Public Health
Service. There is provision, too, for
using the Office of Vocational Rehabili-
tation for encouraging international re-
search and experiments dealing with re-
habilitation. ‘The Children’s Bureau
could be utilized to help carry out perti-
nent portions of the program.

Let me outline in brief the major
provisions of the joint resoiution:

First. It would authorize the appro-
priation of $50 million annually to be
expended under the supervision of the
Secretary of Health, Education, and Wel-
fare, chiefly through the United States
Public Health Service, and specifically
the National Institutes of Health.

Second. It would establish a National
Institute for International Medical Re-
search as part of the National Institutes
of Health.

Third. It would establish a National
Advisory Council for International Med~
jcal Research. The membership of the
Advisory Council would be drawn from
leaders in the fields of medical and
health research, and public affairs gen-
erally—outside the Government—under
the chairmanship of the Surgeon Gen-=
eral, and with a few additional Govern-
ment representatives to assure coordina-
tion, survey and help guide policy, make
recommendations, pass on grants and
loans, and report periodically to the
Secretary, the President, and the Con-
gress on the policy aspects of this vital
undertaking.

Fourth. The specific activities author-
ized to be undertaken are:

(a) To encourage and support the
planning of essential research into dis-

ease, disease prevention, and the im-
pairments of man, on a worldwide basis.

(b) To encouragé and = support,
through direct financial grants and
loans of equipment among other means,
specific research projects and experi-
ments in hospitals, laboratories and re-
search institutions abroad, in regard to
diseases, disease prevention, and physi-
cal disability.

(c) To encourage and support the co-
ordination of medical and medically re=
lated experiments and programs of re-
search in the United States with com~-
plementary programs abroad.

(d) To encourage and support the
training of specialized research person-
nel by a wide range of means, includ-
ing the establishment of research fel-
lowships within the National Institutes
of Health and elsewhere, both in the
United States and abroad.

(e) To encourage the improvement of
research facilities abroad.

() To encourage and support the
rapid international interchange of
knowledge and information concerning
disease and disability, including the hold-
ing of international conferences, ar-
rangements for translation and distri-
bution services, and so forth.

(g) To cooperate with the research
activities of the World Health Organi-
zation, the Pan-American Sanitary Bu-
reau, the United Nations International
Children’s Emergency Fund, and other
international organizations.

It is commonplace to say that dis-
ease and disability know no nationality
and recognize no national boundaries.
It seems elementary, therefore, that ef-
forts to conguer disease and disability
should proceed on an international basis
and under the banners of peace.

This is the policy of the United States
as proclaimed by the Congress and by
the President of the United States. Only
a few weeks ago, in the Mutual Security
Act of 1958, the Congress restated this
national policy in these words, and I
quote section 420 of the Mutual Security
Act:

The Congress of the United States, recog~
nizing that the diseases of mankind, because
of their widespread prevalence, debilitating
effects and heavy toll in human life, con-
stitute a major deterrent to the efforts of
many peoples to develop their economic re-
sources and productive capacities and to
improve their living conditions, declares it
to be the policy of the United States to
continue and to strengthen mutual efforts
among the nations for research against dis-
eases such as heart disease and cancer. In
furtherance of this policy, the Congress in-
vites the. World Health Organization to initi-
ate studies looking toward the strengthening
of research and related programs against
those and other diseases common to man-
Kind or unique to individual regions of the
globe.

President Eisenhower urged such a
program among nations in his state of
the Union message on January 9, 1958,
when he urged an international cam-
paign against the diseases that are the
common enemy of all mortals—such as
cancer and heart disease. And Dr. Mil-
ton Eisenhower, speaking in behalf of
the President to the World Health As-
sembly in Minneapolis, pledged the sup-
port of the United States for an inter-
national medical-research program.

The proposed joint resolution is not an
addition to the foreign aid program pro-
vided in the Mutual Security Act. There
is only one relationship between this
medical research program and our al-
ready authorized program cf fereign co-
eperation. That is with regard to the
World Health Organization and other
international bodies concerned with
health.

Section 420 of the Mutual Security Act,
which I have just quoted; invites the
World Health Organization to help in
strensthening medical research and re-
lated programs against the still uncon-
quered diseases and impairments of
mankind, This joint resolution would
provide specific authority for research
undertakings which can be carried out in
cooperation with, and in some cases
through the facilities of, the Work
Health Organization end other interna-
tional bodies with which the United
States is already identified.

The program authorized under this
joint resolution would encourage and
strengthen the medical research activi-
ties of the World Health Organization
and other internaticnal bodies. It would
not duplicate or compete with them.

The amount asked to launch this ur-
gently needed program—$50 million—
is small when we consider the benefits
in international goodwill and under-
standing, the returns in medical progress
that it holds forth.

Last year $4C0 million was spent on
medical research in the United States—
by the Federal Government, by univer-
sity laboratories, by private foundations,
and by private corporations, chiefly the
pharmaceutical corporations.

We voted the other day a conference
report for a governmental appropria-
tion of almost $40 billion for defense.

476829—67622

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD

I believe the Nation can afford to spend
$50 million more for an international
war against disease.

Mr. President, recently I asked the
Legislative Reference Service of the Li-
brary of Congress to give me an educated
guess as to the number of lives that have
been saved by medical progress in the
United States during this century. They
provided me some interesting figures.

By applying the life expectancy rate
in each successive year since 1900, as
compared to the life expectancy rate in
1900, there was produced the figure of
1,600,000,0C0 life years saved among the
people of the United States from 1960
through 1956.

Using the present life expectancy fig-
ure of 70 years per person, 1,600,000,000
life years means about 23 million lives
saved by the advances of science since
1806. .

The Legislative Reference Service also
advised me that if the death rate of 1900
had applied in 1955, the number of
Geaths in the United States would have
been 3,440,000 instead of the actual 1955
figure of 1,528,000. Thus, in 1955 alone,
1,911,060 lives were saved by the advances
of science since 1800.

This is only part of the measure of the
debt we owe to medical science, includ-
ing the science of public health.

Can we balance the value of those 23
million lives saved during the past 50
years against the amount of money spent
on medical research during the past 50
years and the further amount proposed
to be spent under the pending bill? Do
those millions of Hives saved indicate the
desirability of spending another $50 mil-
lion on research——cn an international re-
search program which will also advance
the cause of peace?

Let us take the mortality rate of in-
fants. If the mortality rate of 1900 had
been applied in 1955, 586,000 infants
would have died at birth instead of the
actual figure of 106,000. Thus, the lives
of 400,000 infants were saved in 1 year
by the advance of science. For every
infant who died in 1955, four were saved.

I have heard eminent medical statis-
ticians predict that a major break-
through in the field of cancer, for in-
stance, or in heart disease, would almost
surely result in an extension of the life
expectancy in America to 75 years. Is
this prospect worth the expenditure of
an additional $50 million?

I can tell the Senate that all medical
scientists with whom I have talked, in-
cluding experts in the National Institutes

3

of Health, feel that the most efficient
and effective expenditure of an addi-
tional $50 million in the field of medical
research would be through an interna-
tional research program such as that laid
out in this bill. Some of them think
that $50 million is not enough. I think
that it is encugh to start with, until we
have had experience with the program.

Teday’s chief bottleneck in research is
trained personnel. There is need to bring
into a coordinated research picture the
scientists and research workers in other
lands and to make the maximum use of
available medical research manpower.

I know that it is late in the session, and
that there is no chance that this pro-
posed legislation will be passed by this
Congress. Yet I feel it important to in-
troduce this joint resolution even in the
waning days of the Congress, so that the
departments of the Federal Government
can study it, the newspapers of the coun-
try can interpret it, and the American
people can have a chance to understand
its import.

I do not pretend that the version I
am introducing today is the definitive
version. As the path this legislation
proposes to travel is new, some of the
devices chosen to break that trail are
new. Perhaps some provisions and ref-
erences have been left out of this joint
resolution; perhaps others should be in-
cluded. I invite comments and sugges-
tions, and I hope that there may be
early hearings on this legislation before
the Senate Labor and Public Welfare
Committee. I look forward to many
thoughtful and helpful suggestions in the
course of such hearings.

This proposed legislation is an expres-
sion of an essentialidea. The idea must
be converted into a program, into the
machinery of action. I pledge my ef-
forts to that end in the next Congress,
when I shall reintroduce this proposed
legislation and work for its expeditious
passage.

Let me summarize the goals of this
joint resolution. They are:

First. To mobilize internationally the
world’s research facilities and personnel
in ascertaining the cause, cure and con-
trol of those diseases which are still out-
side the reach of science.

Second. To facilitate and enlarge the
free and rapid interchange of scientific
knowledge and of research workers so
that all countries of the world might
obtain the benefits of the newest develop-
ments in research.
4

Third. To make progress in our knowl-
edge and use of the means to return to
active life the disabled and the physi-
cally handicapped.

Fourth. To organize an international
clearinghouse on the latest developments
in medical research, including the estab-
lishment of appropriate translation
services.

Fifth. To. raise a common banner un-
der which the scientists of ail lands can
march together toward the goal of im-
proved health for mankind.

Surely in the hearts of peace-loving
yen everywhere there is a desire for
these goals—a hope that nations will find
what William James called a moral
equivalent for war.

Here is a concrete work which will
help build the sentiment for peace.

A great worker in the field of health
and in international cooperation for
health—Dr. Howard Rusk—a true evan-
gelist in the cause of world health and a
pioneer in the field of physical rehabili-
tation, tells me that in his visits into
every part of the world during the past
year, he has received the most inspiring
response to his advocacy of international
cooperation in medical research and in
other measures for the improvement of
the health of mankind.

Today an extraordinary session of the
General Assembly of the United Nations
is convening to consider grave questions
involving peace, security, and stability
in the Middle East. The Middle East,
above all areas and regions of the earth,
is plagued by disease—trachoma, ma-
laria, intestinal parasites, and other still
unconquered diseases.

What a great thing it would be for the
Middle East, for the United States, for
the cause of peace, if the peoples of the
world could know as this meeting of the
General Assembly convenes that America
is now turning her attention—and soon
I trust her knowledge and her re-
sources—to the international joining of
forces in the war against disease and dis-
ability and suffering on this earth.

in that hope, Mr. President, I intro-
duce the joint resolution in the closing
days of the session, that the peoples of
the world may know that America has set
her foot upon this path.

The VICE PRESIDENT. The joint
resolution will be received and appropri-
ately referred.

The joint resolution (S. J. Res. 199) to
establish in the Department of Health,
Education, and Welfare the National Ad-
visory Council for International Medical
Research, and to establish in the Public
Health Service the National Institute for

4.76829-—67622

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD

International Medical Research, in order
to help mobilize the efforts of medical
scientists, research workers, technolo-~
gists, teachers, and members of the
health professions generally, in the
United States and abroad, for assault
upon disease, disability, and the impair-
ments of man and for the improvement
of the health of man through interna-
tional cooperation in research, research
training, and research planning, intro-
duced by Mr. HILL, was received, read
twice by its title, and referred to the
Comumittee on Labor and Public Welfare.

 

Saturday, August 16, 1958

Mr. HILL. Mr. President, I ask unani-
mous consent to have printed at this
point in the Recorp, Senate Joint Reso-
lution 199, which I introduced on Au-
gust 13 last.

There being no objection, the resolu-
tion (8. J. Res. 199) to establish in the

epartment of Health, Education, and
Welfare the National Advisory Council
for International Medical Research, and
to establish in the Public Health Serv-
ice the National Institute for Interna-
tional Medical Research, in order to help
mobilize the efforts of medical scientists,
research workers, technologists, teachers,
and members of the health orofessions
generally, in the United States and
abroad, for assault upon disease, dis~
ability and the impairments of man and
for the improvement of the health of
man through international cooperation
in research, research training, and re-
search planning, introduced by Mr. HILL
on August 13, 1958, and referred to the
Committee on Labor and Public Wel-
fare, was ordered to be printed. in the
Recorp, as follows:

Whereas it is recognized that disease and
disability are the common enemies of all
nations and peoples, and that the means,
methods, and techniques for combating and
abating the ravages of disease and disability
and for improving the health and health
standards of man should be sought and
shared, without regard to national bound-
aries and divisions; and

Whereas advances in combating and abat-
ing disease and in the positive promotion of
human health can be stimulated by sup-
porting and encouraging cooperation among
scientists, research workers, and teachers on
an international basis, with consequent
benefit to the health of our people and of
all peoples; and

Whereas there already exist tested means
for international cooperation in matters re-
lating to health, including the World Health
Organization, the Pan American Sanitary
Bureau, and the United Nations Interna-
tional Children’s Fund (UNICEF), with
which the United States is identified and

associated, and it is highly desirable that
the United States establish domestic ma-
chinery for the maximum mobilization of
its health research resources, and more
efficiently to cooperate with and support
the research, research-training, and research~
planning endeavors of such international
organizations: Therefore be it

Resolved, etc., That this joint resolution
does establish the domestic machinery for
such maximum mobilization of its health
research resources, the more efficiently to
cooperate with and support the research,
research-training, and research-planning
endeavors of the international organizations.

Szc. 2. The purpose of this joint resolu-
tion is:

(1) To encourage and support on an inter-
national basis studies, investigations, experi-
ments, and research, including the conduct
and planning thereof, relating to:

(A) The causes, diagnosis, treatment, con-
trol, and prevention of physical and mental
diseases and other killing and crippling im-

‘pairments of man.

(B) The rehabilitation of the physically
handicapped, including the development and
use of appliances for the mitigation of the
handicaps of such individuals.

(C) The origin, nature, and solution of
health problems not identifiable in terms of
disease entities.

(D) Broad fields of seience, including the
natural and social sciences, important to or
underlying disease and health problems.

(2) To encourage and support the rapid
international interchange of knowledge and
information concerning developments in
those branches of science pertaining directly
or indirectly to the prevention, diagnosis,
treatment, or mitigation of disease and dis-
ability and other health and rehabilitation
problems.

(3) To encourage and support, on an in-
ternational basis, the training of personnel
in research and research training through
interchange of scientists, research workers,
research fellows, technicians, experts, and
teachers in research specialties not otherwise
or generally provided for in the programs
authorized by section 32 of the Surplus Prop-
erty Act of 1944, as amended, and the United
States Information and Educational Ex-
change Act of 1948, as amended.

(4) To encourage and cooperate with re-
search programs undertaken by the World
Health Organization and other international
bodies engaged in, or concerned with, inter-
national endeavors in the health sciences,
and to support such programs in cases in
which such international organizations can
more effectively carry out activities author-
ized by this joint resolution.

(5) To advance the status of the health
sciences in the United States, the health
standards of the American people, and those
of other countries and peoples, by coopera-
tive endeavors with the scientists, research
workers, technicians, experts, teachers, and
practitioners of those countries in research
and research training.
(6) To help mobilize the health sciences
in the United States as a force for peace,
progress, and good will among the various
peoples and nations of the world.

Sec. 3. (a) The Secretary of Health, Edu-
cation, and Welfare (hereinafter referred to
ain this joint resolution as the “Secretary”’)
is authorized and directed to carry out the
_purposes of this joint resolution in con-
formity with its provisions. /

(b) The Secretary may utilize, for the
performance of his duties authorized by this
joint resolution, the Public Health Service,
including the National Institute for Inter-
national Medical Research established by this
joint resolution and the other National In-
stitutes of Health, and, where appropriate,
the Office of Vocational Rehabilitation, the
Children’s Bureau, and such other agencies
and offices in the Department as he may deem
desirable to carry out the functions author-
ized herein,

(c) The duties and functions hereby au-
thorized shall be carried out in consultation
and cooperation with the National Advisory
Council for International Health Research
established by this joint resolution.

Src. 4. There is hereby established, in the
Public Health Service, as a part of the Na-
tional Institutes of Health, the National In-
stitute for International Medical Research.
This Institute, in cooperation with the other
National Institutes, shall carry out such
major duties and functions of operation and
administration in connection with this joint
resolution, as may be assigned by the Sur-
geon General, including the support of re-
search and research training through grants,
contracts and cooperative activities and the
direct conduct of research in facilities out-
side the United States.

Sec. 5. (a) There is hereby established, in
the Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare, the National Advisory Council for
international Medical Research (hereinafter
referred to in this joint resolution as the
“Council”), to advise, consult with, and
make recommendations to the Secretary or
the Surgeon General or the Director of the
Office of Vocational Rehabilitation, or such
other officers of the Department as may be
appropriate, on matters relating to the pur-
poses and programs authorized by this joint
resolution. The internal procedures of the
Council shall be governed by rules and regu-
lations adopted by the Council and approved
by the Secretary.

(b) The Council shall receive reports on
and review all research and research-training
projects or programs undertaken, or proposed
to be undertaken, pursuant to this joint res-
olution, and no grant, contract, or loan for
any such research project or program shall
be approved by the Surgeon General, the
Director of the Office of Vocational Rehabili-
tation, or the Secretary except after review
and recommendation by the Council.

{c}) The Council shail consist of the Sur-
geon General of the Public Health Service,
who shall be Chairman, a duly designated
representative of the Secretary of State, and

4763829—67622

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD

16 members appoirted by the Secretary with-
out regard to civil service laws. The Director
of Vocational Rehabilitation shall be a mem-
ber ex officio. The Secretary may appoint
additional ex officio members on either a
permanent or temporary basis, as desirable,
but the number of such additional ex officio
members shall not be greater than two at
any one time. The 16 appointed members
shall be leaders in the fields of medical re-
search, teaching and training, medical or
biological science, rehabilitation, education,
or public and international affairs. Hight of
the sixteen shall be selected from among
leading experts and authorities in the fields
with which this joint resolution is con-
cerned, with special emphasis on association
with research and research training.

(d) Each appointed member of the Coun-
cil shall hold office for a term of 4 years,
except that (1) any member appointed to
fill a vacancy occurring prior to the expira-
tion of the term for which his predecessor
was appointed, shall be appointed either for
the balance of that term, or for a full 4-year
term at the discretion of the Chairman, and

(2) the terms of the members first taking
office after September 30, 1958, shall expire
as follows: 4 shall expire 4 years after such
date; 4 shall expire 3 years after such date;
4 shall expire 2 years after such date; and 4
shall expire 1 year after such date, as desig-
nated by the Secretary at the time of ap-
pointment. None of the 16 appointed mem-
bers shall be eligible for reappointment until
a year elapses since the end of his preceding
term.

(e) Members of the Council, other than
ex officio members and members who are
officers or full-time employees of the Gov-
ernment, while attending conferences or
meetings of their respective council or com-
mittees thereof, or while otherwise engaged
in the work of the Council er of the commit-
tees thereof, upon the specific authorization
of the Chairman of the Council or the Sec-
retary, shall be entitled to receive compen-
sation at a rate to be fixed by the Secretary,
but not exceeding $50 per diem, and shall
also be entitled to receive an allowance for
actual and necessary traveling and subsist-
ence expenses while so serving away from
their places of residence. This authorization
for compensation and expenses shail also ex-
tend to consultants and members of special
field or other committees engaged or estab-
lished pursuant to section 6 of this joint
resolution.

(f) The Council shall meet at the call of
the Chairman or on the request of a third of
its membership, but in no event less than
three times during the year,

(g) Provision shall be made by the Secre-
tary, through the Surgeon General, for co-
ordination of the work of and consultation
between the Council and the National Ad-
visory Health Council, and the national
advisory councils of the National Institutes
of Health, and through the Director of Voca-~
tional Rehabilitation, the National Advisory
Council on Vocational Rehabilitation, with

5

respect to matters bearing on the purposes
and administration of this joint resolution.

Src. 6. The Secretary is authorized to se~
cure, from time to time, and for such periods
as he deems advisable, the assistance and
advice of consultants who are technicians,
experts, scholars, or otherwise especially
qualified in fields related to research, re-
search training, or research planning, from
the United States or abroad. These experts,
individually or in groups, shall advise the
Secretary or the Surgeon General or the Di-
rector of Vocational Rehabilitation, or the
Council, on such matters as are appropriate.

Suc. 7. The Secretary is hereby authorized
to engage in the following activities:

(1) Encourage and support research, in-~
vestigations, and experiments by individuals,
universities, hospitals, laboratories, or other
public or private agencies or institutions, in
countries other than the United States, re-
lating to the cause, prevention, and methods
of diagnosis and treatment of physical and
mental diseases and impairments of man,
referred to in paragraph (1) of section 2,
by means of: the direct conduct of research
in countries other than the United States,
financial grants, contracts, grants or loans of
equipment, and grants or loans of medical,
biological, physical, or chemical substances
or standards where required for research or
research training, and furnishing expert per-
sonnel from the United States (including the
payment of travel and subsistence for such
experts when away from their places of resi-
dence).

(2) Encourage and support research, in-
vestigations, and experiments conducted in
countries other than the United States, re-
lated to the rehabilitation of the physically
handicapped, by the means referred to in
paragraph 2 hereof.

(3) Encourage and support the coordina-
tion of experiments and programs of research
conducted in the United States with related
programs conducted abroad, by facilitating
the interchange of research scientists and ex-
perts between the United States and foreign
countries who are engaged in such experi-
ments and programs of research, including
the payment of per diem compensation, sub-
sistence, and travel for such scientists and
experts when away from their places of resi-
dence, as provided for consultants in section
5 (e) hereof.

(4) Make grants for the improvement or
alteration of facilities needed for medical
research and research training, including the
provision of equipment for research and
training purposes.

(5) Establish and maintain research
fellowships within the National Institutes of
Health and elsewhere with such allowances
(including travel and subsistence expenses)
as may be deemed necessary to train United
States research workers, research teachers,
technicians, and experts in the laboratories
of other countries, and to procure the assist-
ance of talented research fellows from
abroad, and, in addition, to provide for such
fellowships and other research training
6

through grants, upon recommendation of
the Council, to public and other nonprofit
institutions. This program of fellowships
and grants shall not duplicate or replace the
programs authorized under section 82 of the
Surplus Property Act of 1944, as amended,
and the United States Information and Edu-
cational Exchange Act of 1948, as amended.

(6) Encourage and support broad surveys
of the incidence of the major diseases en-
demic in various parts of the world and
initiate comprehensive plans for their eradi-
cation or mitigation through cooperative
programs of research and research training
in regard to these diseases, including re-~
search in pertinent phases of the science of
public health.

(7) Support and encourage international
communication in the medical and biclogi-
cal sciences, international scientific meet-
ings, conferences, translation services and
publications, including provision for travel
funds to permit participation in such con-
ferences,

Suc. 8. The Secretary shall keep the Secre-
tary of State fully informed concerning the
projects and programs undertaken pursuant
to this joint resolution, and shall solicit and
secure from him policy guidance with re-
gard to such projects, programs, or other
activities proposed to be undertaken under
this joint resolution. No project, program,
or activity shall be undertaken which is con+

41882967622

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD

trary to or inzonsistent with such policy
guidance.

Sec. 9. Programs authorized by this joint
resolution shall not unnecessarily duplicate
those undertaken by other departments and
agencies of the Government pursuant to
Jaw, and the Secretary shall take proper
precaution to this end. Nothing contained
in this joint resolution shall be applied or
construed to diminish the authority or re-
sponsibility of other departments and agen-
cies in the field of international cooperation
in medical or other scientific endeavors.

Sec. 10. The activities authorized herein
shall not extend to the support of public
health nor other programs of an operational
nature as contrasted with research, nor shall
any of the grants herein authorized include
grants for the improvement or extension of
publie health administration in other coun-
tries except for necessary research in the
science of public health and public health
administration.

Sec. 11. The Secretary shall prepare an
annual report, which shall include a report
from the Council, and submit it to the
President, for transmittal to the Congress,
summarizing the activities under this joint
resolution, and making such recommenda-
tions as he, and the Council, may deem
appropriate,

Szc, 12. The Secretary, or the Surgeon
General, or the Director of Vocational Re-
habilitation, is authorized to use the services

of any member or members of the Council,
and where appropriate, any member or mem-
bers of the other several national advisory
councils, or study sections, or committees
advisory thereto of the Public Health Serv-
ice, or of the Office of Vocational Rehabilita-
tion, in connection with matters related to
the administration of this joint resolution,
for such periods as may be determined
necessary.

Src. 138. Any alien whom the Secretary
deems it desirable to come to the United
States under the terms of paragraphs (4)
and (7) of section 7 of this joint resolution,
who is otherwise excluded from admission
into the United States by the provisions of
section 212 of the Immigration and Na-
tionality Act, may, upon certification by the
Secretary, upon recommendation of the
Surgeon General or the Director of Voca-
tional Rehabilitation, as may be appropriate,
be paroled into the United States by the At-
torney General pursuant to the authority
contained in section 212 (d) (5) of such act.

Szc, 14. There is hereby authorized to be
appropriated the sum of $50 million an-
nually, to carry out the provisions of this
joint resolution. Such amount is to be
apportioned as the Congress may direct to
the office of the Secretary, the Public Health
Service (including the National Institute for
Taternational Health and Medical Research),
the Office of Vocational Rehabilitation, and
other agencies in the Department of Health,
Education, and Welfare as appropriate.

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1958