TB- PH- WEL 17 
DAILY LIFE SECURITY LAW 
(Seikatsu Hogo Ho) 
PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE TECHNICAL BUIliftSTv 
PH&W GHQ SCAP APO 500 
SEPTEMBER 194-8 
DV / 
1• General 
a. Administration 
In terms of money expended and persons aided the most exten- 
sive public welfare program is that authorized by the Daily Life Security 
Law, (Act No. 17 of 194-6, Inclosure #1) which was passed by the Japanese 
Diet in September 194-6 and became effective on 1 October l$4-6. The lav; is 
administered on the national level by the Protection Section, Social Affairs 
Bureau, Ministry of Welfare. In the prefectures, responsibility for carrying 
out the law is usually assigned to the Protection Section (Hogo-Ka) of the 
Prefec+ural Department of Welfare* This bulletin reviews the content of the 
Daily Life Security Law and not the method of administration. For further 
information concerning the administration of the law see Public Health and 
Welfare Technical Bulletin (TB - PH - ADM -3)> subjects WAdministration of 
Public Health,’Welfare and Social Insurance in Japan,11 issued in February 
1948, This reference bulletin was issued in two sections: Section I deals 
with the Ministry of Welfare, while Section II presents information concern- 
ing Public YTelfare and Social Insurance Administration in the prefectures. 
b. Previous Legislation v 
The Daily Life Security Law represents a completely new basis 
for providing public aid to needy persons in Japan in that it authorizes the 
granting of aid to all needy persons rather than a few selected categories. 
It is a general rather than a categorical approach to the provision of public 
assistance. Previously in Japan there were other laws which authorized public 
aid for selected groups of persons, A total of five such laws were repealed 
by the Daily Life Security Lav/: (l) The Poor Relief Law - Kyugo Ho (Act 
No. 39 cf 1929 .as amended by Act No. 36 of 194$* (2) The Mother and Child 
Protection law » Boshi Hogo Ho (Act No. 19-of 1937 as amended by Act No, 36 
of 194-1), (3) The Medical Aid Lav/ - Iryo Hogo Ho (Act No. 36 of 194$, (4) 
The Military Relief Lav/ - Gunji Fujyo Ho (Act No. 1 of 1917 as amended by 
act No. 27 of 1931 and let No. 20 of 1937), (5) War Casualties and Damage 
Protection Lev/ - Senji Saigai Hogo Ho (Act No. 73 of 194-2). c• SCAB Directives 
It is to be noted that the Daily Life Security Law complies 
with the provisions of SCaPIN 775, issued on 27 February 194-6 which provided 
that the Relief and1 Felfare Plan submitted by the Japanese Government must 
conform to the following conditions: 
(1) The establishment of a single National Government Agency 
which, through Prefectural and local governmental channels 
will provide adequate food, clothing, shelter and medical 
care equally to all indigent persons without discrimina- 
tion or preferential treatment, 
(2) That financial support and operational responsibility be 
assumed by the Japanese Government and. not delegated to 
any private or quasi - official agency, 
(3) That within the amount necessary to prevent hardship, nc 
limitation be placed on the amount of relief given. 
d. Ordinances and Regulations 
In order to secure an understanding of the manner in which the 
Daily Life Security Law is carried out, it is necessary to analyze not only 
the Law, but also the ordinances and regulations subsequently issued by the 
Ministry of Welfare, The most important related ordinance is (Imperial) 
Ordinance No, 4-38, Subject: Enforcement of the Daily Life Security Law, 
issued on 20 September 194-6 (Inclosure 2 to this Bulletin) which contains 
detailed regulations on how the law is to be carried out. 
The Ministry of Felfare also issues letters of instructions 
concerning the Daily Life Security Law which are usually designated as Hatsu 
sha (Hatsu may be translated as dispatch; Sha is an abbreviation for Shakai 
Kyoku, the Social affairs Bureau, which is responsible for administering the 
Daily Life Security Law), One of the more important dispatches issued by the 
Ministry of relfare concerning the Law is Hatsu Sha No, 106 Issued on 16 
September 194-6 (Inclosure #3). This was issued by the Vice-Minister of Wel- 
fare to all prefcctural governors and contains general instructions and inter- 
pretations concerning the law. 
e• Holated Laws 
In addition to the Daily Life Security Law there are other 
statutes which are related to the' program authorized. One of the more 
important of these laws is the Minsei~iin Law passed by the Japanese Diet in 
July 194-B, The authority for aopointing, duties, organization £nd method of 
operation of Minsei-iin is contained in this law which became effective on 
29 July 1948, 
2 The Sick or Deceased Wayfarers1 Law (Koryo Byonin oyobi Koryo 
Shibonin Toriatsukai Ho). Law No. 93 of 28 March 1898 is still in effect. This 
law provides aid to a pt rson, away from home, who is sick without any means to 
secure medical care, or a person found dead on the street who has no respon- 
sible relctive or whose identification cannot be established. The head of 
city, town or village is responsible for administration of the law. 
The Child Welfare Law (Jido Fukushi Ho) which became effective on 1 January 
194-8, provides for a complete children's program, including Maternal and 
Child Health services. (See TB - PH - WEL 11 issued in February 194&). 
2. Eligibility Requirements 
a 0 Need 
There is on"y one basic eligibility requirement for assistance 
under the Daily Life Security Law. It is provided by Article 1 of the Law that 
the Government is responsible for providing aid to person requiring assistance. 
b. Residence or Settlement 
Residence is not an eligibility requirement for receiving 
assistance under the Daily Life Security Law. The Law (Article 4) provides 
that when the residence is not certain, the headman of the city, town or 
village where the needy person is located is responsible for providing pro- 
tection. 
c. Responsibility of Relatives 
The lay; specifically provides (Article 3) that aid shall not 
be provided to any person who has legally responsible relatives who are able 
to support him. In emergency cases, however, aid may be provided to such 
persons, for example; aid may be provided to persons who are temporarily 
separated from their legally responsible relatives. In Japan legally respon- 
sible relatives are children, parents, brothers and sisters, uncles and aunts. 
The definition of a legally responsible relative is found in the civil code 
and not in the Daily Life Security Law, Article 3A of the Daily Life Secur- 
ity Lev provides that when assistance has been granted to a person who has a 
legally responsible relative able to support him the amount of assistance pro- 
vided may be collected in whole or in part from the relative. In actual 
practice this provision of the law is seldom used. 
3• Types of Aid Provided 
Although public assistance in Japan is now authorized under one 
statute there are various types of aid available. Article 11 of the Daily- 
Life Security Lav; provides for the following types of assistance: livelihood, 
mejdical, birth, vocational, and funeral. Persons with less income than is 
necessary for food, clothing, shelter, and incidental living expenses may be 
eligible for one or all of these types of aid. Those persons who have only sufficient income or resources to cover food, clothing, shelter and inciden- 
tals may be eligible for medical care, bir;th aid, vocational aid and funeral 
aid. . • 
The programs are financed mainly by funds provided by the national 
government* The apportionment formula provides that the national government 
shall provide eighty per cent (30%) of the funds expended, the prefecture 
provides ten per cent (10$) and the local cities, towns, and villages provide 
ten per cent (10%). ' . 
Uo Aid for Livelihood (Outdoor Relief) 
a„ Form of Aid Provided 
General public assistance, or aid for livelihood, is provided 
on a monthly basis in cash and in kind to needy persons, A recent agreement 
between Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Welfare should assure that nation- 
al funds are,available prior to the first of each month. It is expected that 
this may be difficult in the closing months of the fiscal year, when alloca- 
tion must take "overages" and "underages" into consideration,, and at the 
opening of the fiscal year when appropriations by the Diet may be slow. 
Assistance in kind has generally been limited to clothing, bedding and house- 
hold goods. The greatest portion of this type of assistance in the past has 
come from stocks of Japanese array and navy clothing. Since only small amounts 
of such clothing remain in most prefectures such assistance in the future must 
come from current indigenous production. 
b. Tables of Allowances 
TABLE I 
Heads, of cities, towns and villages are authorized to give 
assistance based on the following allowance table. 
District' 
Each- 
Additional Person 
The region divided ■ 
into wards in Tokyo 
Metr op o1i s, 5 cities 
and the region of sim- 
ilar circumstances 
1 
455. 
2 
1,100. 
3 
1,710. 
4 
2,120. 
5 
2600 
6 
. 3040. 
425. : ’ 
District 
Other cities and 
regions of .similar 
circumstances 
,425. 
955. 
1,565 
1,940 
2370 
. 2795. 
385. 
Town and village 
395. 
375. 
1,415 
1,760 
2145 
. 2540. 
360 TABLE II 
Heads of cities towns or villages may give assistance to individual 
cases up to the amounts in the following table with cas$ by case 
approval by the prefecture governor. 
District 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
Each 
6 Additional Person 
The region divided 
into vards in Tokyo 
Metropolis, 5 cities 
and'regions of si- 
milar circumstances 
570 
1,375 
2,140 
2,655 
3,250 
3,800 
530 
Other cities and 
regions of similar 
circumstances 
530 
1,195 
1,955 
2,425 
2,965 
3,490 
4-85 
Town and village 
490 
1,095 
1,770 
2,200 
2,680 
3.180 
450 
TABLE III 
Hetds of cities, towns or villages may give assistance to individual 
cases up to the amounts in the following table with case by case 
approval by the prefecture governor and by the Ministry of Welfare. 
. 
District 
Family Make-up Each 
Additional person 
1 
2 3 4- 5 6 
The region divided 
into wards in Tokyo 720, 
Metropolis, 5 cities (2U) 
and regions of simi- 
lar circumstances. 
1,735 2,700 3,350 4,100 4,795 
(57.85) (90)(111.65) (136.65) (159.83) 
670 
(22.35) 
Other cities and 
regions of similar 
circumstances (2; 
670. 
2.35) 
1,505 2,465 3,060 3,740 4,405. 
(50.15)(82.15)(102.) (124.65)(146.85) 
610 
(20.35) 
Town and village 620 
(20,85) 
1,380 2,230 2,775 3,380 4,010 
(46,00)(74.35) (92.50)(112.65)(133.65) 
570 
(19.00) 
The figures in the above three tables have been based on a thirty day month 
and may be adjusted for longer or shorter months or for partial months* 
Funds in addition to the above tables may be given for; 
(1) school lunches 
(2) school supplies (a new feature) 
(3) expenses for children under one year of age fed chiefly on prepared 
infant foods• c * Supplies for School Chileren 
In earlier public assistance family allowances plans there was 
a small portion which was for school supplies. In the plan outlined above it 
will; be noted that funds for school supplies may now be authorized in addition 
to the family allowance. The program has been considerably augmented and now 
represents a fair allowance for the intended purpose. The plan is as follows: 
Classification 
1st Yr. 
2nd Yr* 
3rd ■ Yr• 
4th Yr. 
5th Yr. 
6th Yr. 
Text Books 28,10 
39.60 
24.60 
173.30 
59.00 
59.10 
School Sup- 
plies 197.70 
162,70 
177,40 
*3*.85 
358.75 
28*.75 
Shoes & um- 
brellas 132.80 
132,80 
132,80 
132,80 
132.80 
• ■ 
132.80 
Total 358*60 
335.10 
33A. 80 
740.95 
550.55 
*76.65 
Monthly Amt, 29.88 
27,92 
27.90 
61.7* 
*5.87 
39.72 
Amt. /djusted 30,00 
28.00 
28.00 
61.00 
46.00 
40.00 
Elementary School 
Classification 
Laddie School 
1st Year' 
2nd Year 
3rd Year 
Text-books 
U3-1S 
163.50 
ISA.80 
School Supplies 
1263,20 
563.90 
563.90 
Shoes & umbrellas 
132.SO 
132.80 
132.80 
Total 
1,539.IS 
860.20 
881.50 
Monthly Amount 
• 128,26 
■ 71.63 
*73oA5 
Amount Adjusted 
128.00 
72.00 
73.00 
d. Method of Application 
* ' Table III above is the "limit necessary for a minimum living” 
from which income will be deducted* (It will be noted that cities, towns, 
and villages have a consider?, ble higher standard allowances which may be 
authorized locally, and that* the prefecture:! governor may now authorize in- 
creases in individual public assistance grants of approximately 25$). 
Heads of cities, towns, or villages are stinl authorized to request the 
prefectural governor to increase the status of individual cities, towns, and 
villages on i blanket basis. For example, a town bordering on a city may 
have just as high living costs as the city. If the head of the town applies 
through the prefectural governor to the Ministry of Welfare the status of 
the town may be increased to that of the city in order that the same allowance 
standard may prevail for both. Reference to Table III above shows that a family of five in Osaka has a 
"limit necessary for a rainimunliving" of ¥4,100 per thirty day month. The 
following examples will indicate determination of grant and application of 
procedure in three typical instances: 
REPRESENTATIVE 
FAMILIES OF 
FIVE PERSONS- 
MONTHLY 
FAMILY 
. INCOME* 
PUBLIC 
ASSISTANCE 
GRANT 
APPROVAL 
PROCESS 
A 
¥600 
¥3500 
Individual case 
approval by Governor 
and Ministry 
• B 
. ¥1000 
¥3100 
Individual case 
approval by Governor 
C 
¥2000 
¥2100 
Local Approval 
* As determined by Minsei-iin Committee. 
Family "A” public assistance grant is over ¥2600 and. also over ¥3250 and 
therefor requires approval by the governor and by the Ministry of Welfare. 
Family "B" public assistance grant is over ¥2600 yet under ¥3250 and there- 
for requires approval by the governor. 
In families A and B the ¥2600 allowed with local approval would be granted 
immediately upon local eligibility acceptance. Increases authorized over 
that amount by the governor and the Ministry of Welfare presumably would 
retroactive to the effective local eligibility date. Family "C" would 
receive its grant immediately upon local acceptance of eligibility. 
e • Basis for Computing "Limit Necessary for a Minimum Living". 
Central government officials are as yet exceedingly reluc- 
tant to give local officials complete authority in authorizing grants. 
The present program as outlined above still retains certain cumbersome 
aspects which may tend to limit the size of local individual public assis- 
tance grants. Better training for local officials and for Minsei-iin will 
help to overcome this reluctance. Government officials and Minsei-iin 
officials do not as yet believe that many local officials and Minsei-iin 
are competent enough to evaluate other resources which might be deducted in 
addition to cash income. They also believe that the volunteer status of 
the Minsei-iin and their admittedly heavy responsibilities in addition to 
the public assistance program precludes the possibility of making additional 
demands on their time and effort by requesting use of a family budget system 
and a full evaluation of needs and resources. Ministry officials are, how- 
ever, studying all types of family budgeting and methods of determining 
eligibility in order to prepare a more adequate program for the future. 
The following figures are for the information of Military Government 
Velfare officers. The figures indicate the budgetary basis upon which 
Table III was determined, (Large city). Family Make-up 
.. 
■ ■ ■ - 
Expenses 
1 person 
2 per. 
3 per# 
per • 
5 per. 
6 per. 
(1) Food ¥ 
454.69 
¥1,217.48 
¥2,211,81 
¥2.719.20 ¥3,445.40 ¥4,04143 
rationed-' 
. staple food 
247*20 
,521.40 
721.30 ■ 
■ 915.00 
1,039.62 
1,386.00 
rationed sub- 
sidiary food 
105.38 . 
210,76 
316.14 
421.52 
526.93 
632.28 
rationed' 
condiments 
(shoyu, bean- 
pastes, 
25.01 
5,0 a 02 
75.03 
100.04 
125.06 
150.06 
rationed com- 
fort goods 
(Candy, cooky, 
etc.) 
1 0 
0 
19.14 
19.14 
19.14 
19.14 
Total of ra- 
. tioned foods, 
377.59 
732.18 
1,132.11 
1,455.70 
1,709.75 2,187.48 
non-ratiohed 
food 
77.10 
435.30 
1,079.70 
1,264.20 
1,735.65 1,854.00 
(2) Housing 
62,29 
62.86 
71.13 
•71.72 
79.93 
80.57 
rent 
15.33 
15,33 
22,99 
22.99 
30.66 
30.66 
kitchen 
utensils 
6.96 
7.55 
8.14 
3.73 
9.32 
9.91 
water charge 
40 o 00 
40.00- 
40.00 
40,00 
40.00 
40.00 
(3) Clothing 
27,50 
V 
47.98 
59.95 
79.85 
87.70 
114.63 
.clothing 
goods 
8.64 
17.57 
25.50 
34.43 
41.61 
51.50 
personal 
effects 
(umbrella, 
wooden-clogs 
etc.) 
18,86 
30.41 
34.45 
46.42 
46.09 
63.13 Family Make-up 
Expenses 
1 person 
2 per. 
3 per. 
A per. 
5 per. 
6 per. 
(A) Heat & Light 
99*92 
166.56 
186.66 
240.48 
2A0.A8 
2A0.AS 
electricity 
charge 
0 
0 
20.10 
20.10 
20.10 
20.10 
charcoal and 
firewood 
93.31 
159.95 
159.95 
213.27 
213.27 
213.27 
match & other 
6.61 
6*61 
7,11 
7,11 
7.11 
7.11 
(5) Health & Sani- 
tation 
23o9A 
75.27 
91.35 
139.83 
1A8.16 
217.A9 
public bath 
charge 
20,00 
AO. 00 
52.00 
60,00 
76.00 
96,00 
hair cuts 
0 
20,00 
30.00 
60.00 
50.00 
90.00 
sanitary goods 3.9A 
(tooth powder, 
absorbent cotton, 
toilet paper, etc,) 
5*27 
19.35 
19.83 
22.16 
2A.A9 
(6) Miscellaneous 
53*2 A 
6 A. 61 
77.29 
90.80 
98.28 
107.19 
Total exclusive of 
the expenses of 
foods a 
266*89 
A17*30 
436.38 
622*68 
65A.60 
753.36 
Total 
721.58 
1,217.4.8 
2,698.19 
2,3A2.58 A,100.00 
4,794.84 
The amount adjusted 720o00 
1,605.00 
2,700.00 
3,350.00 
A,100.00 A,795.00 
f. Institutional Care - (Indoor Relief 
Since the passage of the Child Welfare Law there are two 
sources from which funds for institutional care are provided. They are 
(l) funds from the Children's Bureau for all institutions provided for in 
that Law, and (2) funds from Social Affairs Bureau for protective institu- 
tions under the Daily Life Security Law, (See Welfare Ministry Regulations 
#38, Issued 20 Sep 4.6, Inclosure .T>he, following, table indicates the present allowances for 
’'cost of care” and for 11 administrative cost*”- : 
.Type of Institution 
Daily 
"Cost of Care” 
- t Daily •• 
"Administrative 
Source 
Cost"' ' of 
Funds 
Home for Juvenile Train- 
ing and education 
. ¥24 
¥ 34** 
Children’s 
, , ' Bureau 
Homes for dependent neg- 
lected, abused, or feeble- ¥24 
minded children 
¥28 
n 
Mother1s and children’s 
home 
Public assistance ¥1.33 
if necessary 
n 
Foster Home care 
. 
None 
ti 
D aynurs hry-perraa no nt 
None 
¥1.33 
ii 
Homes for physically 
handicapped or weak 
children 
¥24 
¥8 
ff 
Temporary shelter homos 
(Arta 33-Child Telfaro 
Law) 
¥27 
¥10 
ii 
Consigned temporary care 
(if above ' not* available) 
¥24 
r ■ . | 
- 
n 
Homes for aged 
See note* 
¥23.30 
Social Affair 
Bureau 
Fork shop approved as 
protective- agency 
f- 
None 
¥1.33' 
ti 
Vagrants or homeless 
single persons institutions See note* 
¥1.33 
ii 
Barrack-type housing for 
homeless families • ' ,/ 
Public assistance 
as needed ¥1.33 
ii 
* Amount for single individual-in .table-'of allowances. Assistance in these 
instances is given on the same basis as "outdoor’1 assistance. Of the funds 
allowed by the head of city, town or village prove to be insufficient the 
prefecture may approve the next higher table on an individual institutional 
basis. Table III may be authorized upon application to the Ministry. ' ’ . • ».»'. X * l» * ‘ > 
** ■ The figures, in this column denote maximums, Administrative Cost” is 
paid only for '.these persons, receiving assistance under the Daily Life Secur- 
ity Lav;, ' ■ . ■ , • • 
5• Non-regular Assistance pr Assistance11 
In addition to aid for livelihood or regular assistance, the Daily 
Life Security Lav; authorizes four kinds of temporary aid - Medical aid, Birth 
aid, Occupation aid, apd Funderal aid, 
• a.. Medical Aid ■ . 
■. V : (X) Extent . 
■ ’ ; The granting of medical aid is authorized by Article 11 
of the, Daily Life Security Law, Medical aid includes medical examination 
and, treatment5 supply of medicines or medical materials; surgical treatment; 
and nursing care, (See Article 4 of the Enforcement Ordinance.) A surgical 
corset, crutches, supporting vehicle, or- artificial limbs may be provided. 
Institutional .care or hospitalization.is allowed if necessary for medical 
treatment', • . • 
(2) Facilities . 
Medical treatment shall be received from an institute of 
medical treatment specified by the. Minister of Welfare■or any physician or 
dentist specified by the mayor of the city or the headman of thp town or 
Village’ concerned. In an emergency, however, such treatment may be secured 
from, any physician or derjtist..not'specified by the mayor of the city, or the 
headman of town or village concerned, • • ’ 
(Article 6 of the Enforcement Ordinance). 
When a prescription.has been delivered by a physician or dentist, the recip- 
ient thereof shall receive the preparation or preparations mentioned therein 
from the pharmacist specified by the mayor of the city or the headman of a 
town or village concerned, (article 7 of the Enforcement Ordinance), 
(3) Designation of Medical /gencies 
The. Ministry of Welfare Directive (Ko|cuji) , 61, issued 
on 20 September 1946 designated medical agencies and institutions operated 
by prefectures, cities, towns and.villages as the medical agencies and insti- 
tutions authorized by the Minister of -Welfare as. stated in Article 6 of 
Imperial Ordinance No* 438, of 1946 (Inclosure #2), National hospitals, 
National sanatoria, and National mental hospitals have also been designated. 
(4) The -"Point, System” 
The nPoint system11 is used to determine t,he amount to 
be paid for medical aid. Payments for ihe medical treatment are not made 
to the person protected, but paid directly to the medical facility or physician who has given medical treatment. The expense is paid according to 
the Ministry 7/elfare notification, subject: "The method of computing ex- 
penses required for medical care according to the Health Insurance and 
Seaman’s Insurance program, and the expenses which should claim payment 
from the juridical person carrying out the business of the National Insurance 
Union,'* dated 8 February 1943* In determining the amount which can be paid 
the point system denotes the maximum but the actual payment may be less, 
depending upon the actual cost of the service provided. 
Regulations provide that the person who receives medical 
aid and is capable of bearing a part of the expenses for medical treatment 
should pay the part which he is able to pay. For each type of medical care 
including drugs and fee for a doctor’s house call a certain number of points 
are assigned. For example, suppose 20 points are allowed for hospitalization* 
In order to compute this in terms of money, the unit price of one point will 
be multiplied by 20, The unit price of one point will be differ ait in dif- 
ferent localities, because it is determined by the governor of each prefecture 
b. Birth Aic 
a) Extent 
Birth Aid includes delivery aid, pre-natal aid, post- 
partum care, and nursing care. The provision of birth aid is authorized 
by Article 11 of the Daily Life Security Law and is further defined by 
Article 5 of the Enforcement Ordinance. 
In case of abnormal delivery, the treatment provided may 
be considered as coming under the regulation providing medical aid. In other 
words an abnormal delivery may be regarded as requiring medical aid rather 
than birth aid. In this way higher payments may be made when necessary. 
Also when an expectant woman requires hospitalization for delivery the hos- 
pital charges may be paid under the medical aid program. 
(2) Facilities 
Birth aid is received from an institute of protection, 
or*an institute of medical treatment specified by the Minister of Welfare, 
or any physician or midwife specified by the Mayor of the city or the head- 
man of the town or village concerned. Under pressing circumstances, however, 
such treatment may be secured from any physician or midwife not specified by 
the mayor of the, city, or the headman of the town or village concerned, 
(Article 6 of the Enforcement Ordinance.) 
(3) Fee Schedule 
For the "six larger cities" and for the "other cities" 
the provision for payment is similar. It includes ('!) an initial examination 
at ¥4-0; (2) 6 additional examinations at ¥20 each; (3) delivery fee of ¥300; 
(4) 6 baths at ¥15 each; a total of ¥550, Towns and villages differ only in that thf delivery foe is ¥250* If there are special circumstances, increases 
may be authorized by the Ministry of Welfare. 
c• Occupation Aid 
(i) Extent 
Occupation Aid is extended by granting or lending of 
fund's, instruments, or materials required for one’s occupation, or by giving 
such technical training as is required, (Article 8 of the Enforcement Ordin- 
ance) . 
Accordingly Occupation Aid is provided only when the 
working ability of a person still exists, or can be developed. The aim is to 
encourage the individual to work for himself in cultivating an independent and 
self-help spirit. 
(2) Standard Amount 
The funds, instruments, and materials granted or lent 
under Occupation Aid should be limited to the minimum indispensable for en- 
abling the person aided to become self-supporting. 
The standard amount to be disbursed for the granting or 
lending the funds, iastruraents or materials necessary for securing an occupa- 
tion is 1,000 yen for one person capable of working, and within the scope of 
this amount, the headman of a town, or village concerned is authorized to 
make a decision as to its granting or lending. In case the amount to be pro- 
vided exceeds 1,000 yen but is less than 2,000 yen, the headman of the town 
or village can grant or lend the money required with the approval of the 
governor. 
The standard amount of the expenses to be disbursed 
for acquiring technical training is 3 yen per person a day, supplied to the 
person. Six months is usually the maximum length of such training. If it is 
deemed necessary under certain circumstances, an increase in the standard 
amount, or the extention of the technical training period is allowed, with the 
approval of the Minister of 7/elfarec, 
d, Funeral Aid 
a) Extent 
Article 17 of the Daily Life Security Law and Ministry 
of Welfare Regulation No, 38 (Article 13) provides that funeral aid shall be 
extended through the granting or lending of money or things required for a 
funeral (Article 9 of the Enforcement Ordinance), When the recipient of public 
assistance dies the funeral expense may be paid to the responsible member of 
the family. In the event there is no one who would ordinarily provide for the 
deceased recipient of public assistance, the headman of city, town or village 
who has been giving aid to this person is responsible for the funeral. (2) Fed Schedule ' ♦’ ‘ -r • 
The schedule for the six largest cities is as follows: 
Coffin 
Crema- 
tion 
Transpor- 
tation 
Urn and 
Monument 
Altar & 
..Misc.; '■ 
Tip 
Sutra 
Fee 
Total 
Aclult 
4,55.56 
300 
375 
87.60 '■ 
76.04 
46.53 
$0 
1372.73 
Child 
255.60 
150 
37$ 
' 89.60 
; 76.04 
,46.58 
•50 
1042.82 
Fee in 
Feq in 
I 
the "other cities 
towns.and village 
" is 92,85% 
s in 71.42% 
of the above 
of the above 
totals, 
totals • 
* 6• Index for the Daily Life Security Lav/ &nd Cabinet Ordinance 
Function of Minsei-iin 
Law 
Art, 
5 
Ordinance 
Art, 1 
Methods and extent of assistance 
Art. 
11 
para 
2 
Art, 
2-10 
Guardian’s function 
Art, 
15 
Art, 
12 
Funeral allowance • 
Art, 
17 
Art, 
10 
Method of computing the length of residence Art, 
20 
Art, 
21 
Administrative cost of the institutions 
for protection 
Art, 
2U 
Art, 
13 
Prefectural grant to protective institu- 
tions established by other than city 
town and village 
Art, 
26 
Art, 
U 
Prefectural grant for Minsei-iin expenses 
borne by city, town and village 
Art. 
27 Item 
1 
Art, 
15 
Prefectural grant for the equipment of 
the institutions for protection 
established by city, town and village 
Art, 
27 Item 
2 
Art, 
U 
Prefectural grant for public assistance 
borne by city, town and village 
Art. 
28 
Art, 
16 
National grant for public assistance 
borne by city, town and village or 
prefecture 
Art, 
29 
Art, 
16-17 
National grant for the cost of equipment 
of the institutions for protection 
established by other than city, town, 
and village and borne by prefecture. 
Art. 
30 
Art. 
18 
National grant for Minsei-iin expense 
borne by city, town and village and. 
by Tokyo-to, 
Art, 
31 Item 
1 
Art. 
17 & 15 
National grant for the equipment of 
the institutions for protection 
established by prefecture, city, 
town and village. 
Art, 
31 
Item 
2 
Art, 
17 & U 
15