Brown, G. W., Harris, T. O., & Hepworth, C. (1994). Life
events and endogenous depression. A puzzle
reexamined. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51,
525-534.

Brown, G. W., & Moran, P. M. (1997). Single mothers,
poverty and depression. Psychological Medicine, 27,
21-33.

Brown, S. (1997). Excess mortality of schizophrenia—A
meta-analysis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 171,
502-508.

Browne, A., & Finkelhor, D. (1986). Impact of child sexual
abuse: A review of the research. Psychological Bulletin,
99, 66-77.

Buchanan, R. W. (1995). Clozapine: Efficacy and safety.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 579-591.

Buchanan, R. W., Breier, A., Kirkpatrick, B., Elkashef, A.,
Munson, R. C., Gellad, F., Carpenter, W. T., Jr. (1993).
Structural abnormalities in deficit and non-deficit
schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150,
59-65.

Buckley, P. F. (1997). New dimensions in the pharmacologic
treatment of schizophrenia and related psychoses.
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 37, 363-378.

Burke, K. C., Burke, J. D., Jr., Regier, D. A., & Rae, D. S.
(1990). Age at the onset of selected mental disorders in
five community populations. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 47, 511-518. ;

Burke, M. J., Silkey, B., & Preskorn, S. H. (1994).
Pharmacoeconomic considerations when evaluating
treatment options for major depressive disorder. Journal
of Clinical Psychiatry, 55(Suppl. A), 42-52.

Bymaster, F. P., Rasmussen, K., Calligaro, D. O., Nelson, D.
L., DeLapp, N. W., Wong, D. T., & Moore, N. A.
(1997). In vitro and in vivo biochemistry of olanzapine:
A novel, atypical antipsychotic drug. Journal of Clinical
Psychiatry, 58(Suppl. 10), 28-36.

Cadenhead, K. S., Geyer, M. A., Butler, R. W., Perry, W.,
Sprock, J., & Braff, D. L. (1997). Information
processing deficits of schizophrenia patients:
Relationship to clinical ratings, gender and medication
status. Schizophrenia Research, 28, 51-62.

Calabrese, J. R., & Delucchi, G. A. (1990). Spectrum of
efficacy of valproate in 55 patients with rapid-cycling
bipolar disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147,
431-434.

Calev, A. (1994). Neuropsychology and ECT: Past and
future research trends. Psychopharmacology Bulletin,
30, 461-469.

301

Adults and Mental Health

Callahan, D. (1999). Balancing efficiency and need in
allocating resources to the care of persons with serious
mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 50, 664-666.

Callahan, E. J., Bertakis, K. D., Azari, R., Robbins, J.,
Helms, L. J., & Miller, J. (1996). The influence of
depression on physician-patient interaction in primary
care. Family Medicine, 28, 346-351.

Cannon, T. D., Kaprio, J., Lonnqvist, J., Huttunen, M., &
Koskenvuo, M. (1998). The genetic epidemiology of
schizophrenia in a Finnish twin cohort. A population-
based modeling study: Archives of General Psychiatry,
55, 67-14.

Capleton, R. A. (1996). Cognitive function in schizophrenia:
Association with negative and positive symptoms.
Psychological Reports, 78, 123-128.

Cardno, A. G., & Farmer, A. E. (1995). The case for or
against heterogeneity in the etiology of schizophrenia.
The genetic evidence. Schizophrenia Research, 17,
153-159.

Carling, P. (1989). Access to housing: Cornerstone of the
American dream. Journal of Rehabilitation, 55, 6-8.

Carpinello, S. E., & Knight, E. L. (1993). A survey of mental
health self-help groups in New York state: Summary
results. Albany, NY: New York State Office of Mental
Health.

Casey, D. E. (1997). The relationship of pharmacology to
side effects. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 58(Suppl.
10), 55-62.

Cassens, G., Inglis, A. K., Appelbaum, P. S., & Gutheil, T.
G. (1990). Neuroleptics: Effects on neuropsychological
function in chronic schizophrenic
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 16, 477-499.

Castrogiovanni, P., Tapichino, S., Pacchierotti, C., &
Pieraccini, F. (1998). Season of birth in psychiatry. A
review. Neuropsychobiology, 37, 175-181.

Cazzullo, C. L., Bertrando, P., Clerici, C., Bressi, C., Da
Ponte, C., & Albertini, E. (1989). The efficacy of an
information group intervention on relatives of
schizophrenics. International Journal of Social
Psychiatry, 35, 313-323.

Center for Mental Health Services. (1995). Double jeopardy:
Persons with mental illnesses in the criminal justice
system. Rockville, MD: Author.

Center for Mental Health Services. (1996). Consumer Affairs
Bulletin, 1(1).

patients.
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

Center for Mental Health Services. (1997). Cultural
competence standards in managed mental health care
for four underserved/underrepresented racial/ethnic

groups (Final report from Working Groups on Cultural ~

Competence in Managed Mental Health Care).
Rockville, MD: Author.

Center for Mental Health Services. (1998). Electroconvulsive
therapy background paper (DHHS Publication No.
SMA 98-3201). Vienna, VA: Research-Abele, Inc.

Chakos, M. H., Alvir, J. M., Woerner, M. G., Koreen, A.,
Geisler, S., Mayerhoff, D., Sobel, S., Kane, J. M.,
Borenstein, M., & Lieberman, J. A. (1996). Incidence
and correlates of tardive dyskinesia in first episode of
schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53,
313-319.

Chamberlin, J., & Rogers, J. A. (1990). Planning a
community-based mental health system. Perspective of
service recipients. 45,
1241-1244. ;

Chambless, D. K.. Baker, M. J., Baucom, D. H., Beutler, L.
E., et al. (1998). Update on empirically validated
therapies II. The Clinical Psychologist, 51, 3-16.

Chamey, D. S., & Deutch, A. (1996). A functional
neuroanatomy of anxiety and fear: Implications for the

American Psychologist,

pathophysiology and treatment of anxiety disorders. .

Critical Reviews in Neurobiology, 10, 419-446.

Chouinard, G. (1988). The use of benzodiazepines in the
treatment of manic-depressive illness. Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry, 49(Suppl.), 15-20.

Christensen, A., & Heavey, C. L. (1999). Interventions for
couples. Annual Review of Psychology, 50, 165B190.

Ciompi, L. (1980). Catamnestic long-term study on the
course of life and aging of schizophrenics.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 6, 606-618.

Claghorn, J. L., & Feighner, J. P. (1993). A double-blind
comparison of paroxetine with imipramine in the long-
term treatment of depression. Journal of Clinical
Psychopharmacology, 13, 23S-27S.

Clark, L. A., Watson, D., & Mineka, S. (1994).
Temperament, personality, and the mood and anxiety
disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103,
103-116.

Clayton, P. J., & Darvish, H. S. (1979). Course of depressive

" symptoms following the stress of bereavement. In J. E.
Barrett, R. M. Rose, & G. Klerman (Eds.), Stress and
mental disorder (pp. 121-136). New York: Raven.

302

Clerc, G. E., Ruimy, P., & Verdeau-Palles, J. (1994). A
double-blind comparison of venlaflaxine and fluoxetine
in patients hospitalized for major depression and
melancholia. The Venlafaxine French Inpatient Study
Group. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 9,
139-143.

Cohen, C. 1. (1993). Poverty and the course of schizophrenia:
Implications for research and policy. Hospital and
Community Psychiatry, 44, 951-958.

Cohen, L. S., Friedman, J. M., Jefferson, J. W., Johnson, E.
M., & Weiner, M. L. (1994). A reevaluation of risk of in
utero exposure to lithium. Journal of the American
Medical Association, 271, 146-150.

Cohn, J. B., Collins, G., Ashbrook, E., & Wernicke, J. F.
(1989). A comparison of fluoxetine imipramine and
placebo in patients with bipolar depressive disorder.
International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 4,
313-322.

Cole, J. O., & Davis, J. M. (1969). Antipsychotic drugs. In
The schizophrenia syndrome (pp. 478B568). Grune &
Stratton.

Collazo, Y., Tam, R., Sramek, J., & Herrera, J. (1996).
Neuroleptic dosing in Hispanic and Asian inpatients
with schizophrenia. Mt. Sinai Journal of Medicine, 63,
310-313.

Conrad, K. J., Matters, M. D., Hanrahan, P., Luchins, D. J.,
Savage, C., & Daugherty, B. (1998). Characteristics of
persons with mental illness in a representative payee
program. Psychiatric Services, 49, 1223-1225.

Conwell, Y., & Brent, D. (1995). Suicide and aging. I:
Patterns of psychiatric diagnosis.
Psychogeriatrics, 2, 149-164.

Cook, J. A., & Jonikas, J. A. (1996). Outcomes of
psychiatric rehabilitation service delivery. New
Directions in Mental Health Services, 71, 33-47.

Cook, J. A., & Solomon, M. L. (1993). The Community
Scholar Program: An outcome study of supported
education for students with severe mental illness.
Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 17, 83-97.

Cook, J. A., Wessell, M., & Dincin, J. (1987). Predicting
educational levels of the severely mentally ill:
Implications for psychosocial program directors.
Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 11, 23-37.

Cook, M., & Mineka, S. (1989). Observational conditioning
of fear to fear-relevant vs. fear-irrelevant stimuli in
rhesus monkeys. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 98,
448-459.

International
Coplan, J. D., & Lydiard, R. B. (1998). Brain circuits in
panic disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 44, 1264-1276.

Coplan, J. D., Pine, D. S., Papp, L. A., & Gorman, J. M.
(1997). A view on noradrenergic, hypothalamic-
pituitary-adrenal axis and extrahypothalamic
corticotrophin-releasing factor function in anxiety and
affective disorders: The reduced growth hormone
response to clonidine. Psychopharmacology Bulletin,
33, 193-204.

Cornblatt, B. A., & Keilp, J. G. (1994). Impaired attention,
genetics, and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 20, 31-46.

Coryell, W., Endicott, J., & Keller, M. (1992). Rapidly
cycling affective disorder. Demographics, diagnosis,
family history, and course. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 49,.126-131.

Coryell, W., Solomon, D., Leon, A. C., Akiskal, H. S.,
Keller, M. B., Scheftner, W. A., & Mueller, T. (1998).
Lithium discontinuation and subsequent effectiveness.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 895-898.

Cournos, F., & McKinnon, K. (1997). HIV seroprevalence
among people with severe mental illness in the United
States: A critical review. Clinical Psychology Review,
17, 259-269.

Coxhead, N., Silverstone, T., & Cookson, J. (1992).
Carbamazepine versus lithium in the prophylaxis of
bipolar affective disorder. Acta Psychiatrica
Scandinavica, 85, 114-118.

Crismon, M. L., Trivedi, M., Pigott, T. A., Rush, A. J.,
Hirschfeld, R. M., Kahn, D. A., DeBattista, C., Nelson,
J. C., Nierenberg, A. A., Sackeim, H. A. & Thase, M.
A. (1999). The Texas Medication Algorithm Project:
Report of the Texas Consensus Conference Panel on
Medication Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder.
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 60, 142-156.

Crow, T. J. (1985). The two-syndrome concept: Origins and
current status. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 11, 471-486.

Crow, T. J. (1995). Brain changes and negative symptoms in
schizophrenia. Psychopathology, 28, 18-21.

Csernansky, J. G., & Grace, A. A. (1998). New models of
the pathophysiology of schizophrenia: Editors’
introduction. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 185-187.

Cuesta, M. J., & Peralta, V. (1995). Cognitive disorders in
the positive, negative, and disorganization syndromes of
schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 58, 227-235.

303

Adults and Mental Health

Danish University Antidepressant Group. (1986).
Citalopram: Clinical effect profile in comparison with
clomipramine. A controlled multicenter
Psychopharmacology (Berlin), 90, 131-138.

Danish University Antidepressant Group. (1990). Paroxetine:
A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor showing better
tolerance but weaker antidepressant effect than
clomipramine in a controlled multicenter study. Journal
of Affective Disorders, 1 8, 289-299.

Dassori, A. M., Miller, A. L., & Saldana, D. (1995).
Schizophrenia among Hispanics: Epidemiology,
phenomenology, course, and outcome. Schizophrenia
Bulletin, 21,303-312.  ,

Davidson, J. (1989). Seizures and bupropion: A review.
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 50, 256B261.

Davidson, J. R. (1998). Pharmacotherapy of social anxiety
disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 59(Suppl. 17),
47-53.

Davis, J. M., Barter, J. T., & Kane, J. M. (1989). The natural
course of schizophrenia and effective maintenance drug
treatment. In H. I. Kaplan & B. J. Sadock (Eds.),
Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry (Vol. 5,
pp. 1591-1626). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.

Davis, M. (1997). Neurobiology of fear responses: The role
of the amygdala. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and
Clinical Neurosciences, 9, 382-402.

Dawlans, K. (1995). Gender differences in psychiatry:
Epidemiology and drug response. CNS Drugs, 3,
393-407.

de Kloet, E. R., Rots, N. Y., & Cools, A. R. (1996). Brain-
corticosteroid hormone dialogue: Slow and persistent.
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 16, 345-356.

DeJong R., Treiber R., & Henrich G. (1986). Effectiveness
of two psychological treatments for inpatients with
severe and chronic depression. Cognitive Therapy and
Research, 10, 645-663.

Deltito, J. & Beyer, D. (1998). The scientific, quasi-
scientific and popular literature on the use of St. John’s
Wort in the treatment of depression. Journal of Affective
Disorders, 51, 341-351. —

Depression Guideline Panel. (1993). Clinical practice
guideline number 5: Depression in primary care i
(AHCPR Publication No. 93-0551). Rockville, MD:
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

DeQuardo, J. R., Goldman, M., & Tandon, R. (1996). VBR
in schizophrenia: Relationship to family history of
psychosis and season of birth. Schizophrenia Research,
20, 275-285.

study.
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

DeSisto, M., Harding, C. M., McCormick, R. V., Ashikaga,
T., & Brooks, G. W. (1995a). The Maine and Vermont
three-decade studies of serious mental illness: I.
Matched comparison of cross-sectional outcome. British
Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 331-342.

DeSisto, M., Harding, C. M., McCormick, R. V., Ashikaga,
T., & Brooks, G. W. (1995b). The Maine and Vermont
three-decade studies of serious mental illness: II.
Longitudinal course. British Journal of Psychiatry, 167,
331-342.

Devanand, D. P., Dwork, A. J., Hutchinson, E. R., Bolwig,
T. G., & Sackeim, H. A. (1994). Does ECT alter brain

structure? American Journal of Psychiatry, 151,
957-970.

DeVane, C. L. (1992). Pharmacokinetics of the selective

serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Journal of Clinical
Psychiatry, 53(Suppl.), 13-20.

DiMascio, A., Klerman, G. L., Weissman, M. M., Prusoff, B.
A., Neu, C., & Moore, P. (1979). A control group for
psychotherapy research in acute depression: One
solution to ethical and methodologic issues. Journal of
Psychiatric Research, 15, 189-197.

Dincin, J. (1975). Psychiatric rehabilitation. Schizophrenia
Bulletin, 13, 131-147.

Dincin, J., & Witheridge, T. F. (1982). Psychiatric
rehabilitation as a deterrent to recividism. Hospital and
Community Psychiatry, 33, 645-650.

Dixon, L. B., Hackman, A., & Lehman, A. F. ’(1997).
Consumers as staff in assertive community treatment
programs. Administration and Policy in Mental Health,
25, 199-208.

Dixon, L. B., Lehman, A. F., & Levine, J. (1995).
Conventional antipsychotic medications for
schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 567-577.

Dixon, L., Postrado, L., Delahanty, J., Fischer, P. J., &
Lehman, A. (1999). The association of medical
comorbidity in schizophrenia with poor physical and
mental health. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,
187, 496-502.

Dixon, L. B., Stewart, B., Krauss, N., Robbins, J., Hackman,
A., & Lehman, A. F. (1998). The participation of
families of homeless persons with severe mental illness
in an outreach intervention. Community Mental Health
Journal, 34, 251-259.

Dixon, L., Weiden, P., Delahanty, J., Goldberg, R., Postrado,
L., Lucksted, A.,.& Lehman, A. (in press-a). Diabetes
and schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin.

304

Dixon, L., Wohlheiter, K., & Thompson, D. (in press-b).
Medical management of schizophrenia. In J. Lieberman
& R. Murray (Eds.), Comprehensive care of
schizophrenia . London: Martin Dunitz Publishers.

Dobson, K. S. (1989). A meta-analysis of the efficacy of
cognitive therapy for depression. Journal of Consulting

and Clinical Psychology, 57, 414-419.

Docherty, N. M., DeRosa, M., & Andreasen, N. C. (1996).
Communication disturbances in schizophrenia and
mania. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 358-364.

Donlon, P. T., Hopkin, J. T., Tupin, J. P., Wicks, J. J.,

'  Wahba, M., & Meadow, A. (1980). Haloperidol for
acute schizophrenic patients. An evaluation of three oral
regimens. Archives of General Psychiatry, 37, 691-695.

Donion, P. T., Meadow, A., Tupin, J. P., & Wahba, M.
(1978). High vs standard dosage fluphenazine HCL in
acute schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 39,
800-804.

Doogan, D. P., & Caillard, V. (1992). Sertraline in the
prevention of depression. British Journal of Psychiatry,
160, 217-222.

Drake, R.E., Becker, D. R., Biesanz, J. C., Torrey, W. C.,
McHugo, G.J., & Wyzik, P. F. (1994). Rehabilitative
day treatment vs. supported employment: I. Vocational
outcomes. Community Mental Health Journal, 30,
519-532.

Drake, R. E., Becker, D. R., Biesanz, J. C., Wyzik, P. F., &
Torrey, W. C. (1996). Day treatment versus supported
employment for persons with severe mental illness: A
replication study. Psychiatric Services, 47, 1125-1127.

Drake, R. E., Mercer-McFadden, C., Mueser, K. T.,
McHugo, G. J., & Bond, G. R. (1998). Review of
integrated mental health and substance abuse treatment
for patients with dual disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin,
24, 589-608.

Drake, R. E., & Osher, F. C. (1997). Treating substance
abuse in patients with severe mental illness. In S. W.
Henggeler & A. B. Santos (Eds.), Innovative
approaches for difficult-to-treat populations (pp.
239-252). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Press. ,

Drevets, W. C. (1998). Functional neuroimaging studies of
depression: The anatomy of melancholia. Annual Review
of Medicine, 49, 341-361.

Drury, V., Birchwood, M., Cochrane, R., & Macmillan, F.
(1996). Cognitive therapy and recovery from acute
psychosis: A controlled trial: II. Impact on recovery
time. British Journal of Psychiatry, 169, 602-607.
Druss. B. G., & Rosenheck, R. A. (1998). Mental disorders
and access to medical care in the United States.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 1775-1777.

DSM-IV. See American Psychiatric Association (1994).

Duboff, E. A. (1993). Long-term treatment of major
depressive disorder with paroxetine. Journal of Clinical
Psychopharmacology, 1 3(Suppl. 2), 288-338.

Dubovsky, S. L., Franks, R. D., Allen, S., & Murphy, J.
(1986). Calcium antagonists in mania: A double-blind
study of verapamil. Psychiatry Research, 18, 309-320.

Dubovsky, S. L., Murphy, J., Thomas, M., & Rademacher, J.
(1992). Abnormal intracellular calcium ion
concentration in platelets and lymphocytes of bipolar
patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 1 18-120.

Duman, R. S., Heninger, G. R., & Nestler, E. J. (1997). A
molecular and cellular theory of depression. Archives of
General Psychiatry, 54, 597-606.

Dykes, K. L., Mednick, S. A., Machon, R. A., Praestholm, J.,
& Parnas, J. (1992). Adult third ventricle width and
infant behavioral arousal in groups at high and low risk
for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 7, 13-18.

Eaton, W. W., Thara, R., Federman, B., Melton, B., & Liang,
K. Y. (1995). Structure and course of positive and
negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Archives of
General Psychiatry, 52, 127-134.

Egeland, J. A., Hostetter, A. M., & Eshleman, S. K., Tl.
(1983). Amish study, III: The impact of cultural factors
on diagnosis of bipolar illness. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 140, 67-71.

Eisenstat, S. A., & Bancroft, L. (1999). Domestic violence.
New England Journal of Medicine, 341, 886-892.
el-Bayoumi, G., Borum, M. L., & Haywood, Y. (1998).
Domestic violence in women. Medical Clinics of North

America, 82, 391-401.

Elkin, I., Shea, M. T., Watkins, J. T., Imber, S. D., Sotsky, S.
M., Collins, J. F., Glass, D. R., Pilkonis, P. A., Leber,
W. R., Docherty, J. P., Fiester, S. J., & Parloff, M. B.
(1989), National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of
Depression Collaborative Research Program. General
effectiveness of treatments. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 46, 971-982.

Ellenbroek, B. A., & Cools, A. R. (1998). Mini-review. The
neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia:
Clinical evidence and animal models. Neuroscience
Research Communications, 22, 127-136.

Erikson, E. (1963). Childhood and society. New York:
W. W. Norton.

Adults and Mental Health

Evans, M. D., Hollon, S. D., DeRubeis, R. J., Piasecki, J.M.,
Grove, W. M., Garvey, M. J., & Tuason, V.B. (1992).
Differential relapse following cognitive therapy and
pharmacotherapy for depression. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 49, 802-808.

_Eysenck, H. K., & Eysenck,. S. B. (1975). Eysenck

305

personality questionnaire manual. San Diego:
Educational and Industrial Testing Service.

Fabian, E., Waterworth, A., & Ripka, B. (1993). Reasonable
accommodation for workers with serious mental illness:
Type frequency and associated outcomes. Psychosocial
Rehabilitation Journal, 17, 163-172.

Fairweather, G. W., Sanders, D. H., Maynard, H., Cressler,
D. L., & Bleck, D. S. (1969). Community life for the
mentally ill: An alternative to institutional care.
Chicago: Aldine.

Falkai, P., Schneider, T., Greve, B., Klieser, E., & Bogerts,
B. (1995). Reduced frontal and occipital lobe asymmetry
onthe CT-scans of schizophrenic patients. Its specificity
and clinical significance. Journal of Neural
Transmission. General Section, 99, 63-77.

Falloon, I. R. (1984). Relapse: A reappraisal of assessment
of outcome in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 10,
293-299.

Falloon, I. R., Boyd, J. L., McGill, C. W., Williamson, M.,
Razani, J., Moss, H.B., Gilderman, A. M., & Simpson,
G. M. (1985). Family management in the prevention of
morbidity of schizophrenia. Clinical outcome of a two-
year longitudinal study. Archives of General Psychiatry,
42, 887-896.

Fava, M., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (1991). Suicidality and
fluoxetine: Is there a relationship? Journal of Clinical
Psychiatry, 52, 108-111.

Fawcett, J., Epstein, P., Fiester, S. J., Elkin, I, & Autry, J. H.
(1987). Clinical management—imipramine/placebo
administration manual. NIMH Treatment of Depression
Collaborative Research Program. Psychopharmacology
Bulletin, 23, 309-324.

Federal Interagency Task Force on Homelessness and Mental
Illness. (1992). Outcasts on Main Street. Washington,
DC: Federal Interagency Task Force on Homelessness
and Mental Illness.

J. P. (1999). Mechanism of action of

antidepressant medications. Journal of Clinical

Psychiatry, 60(Suppl. 4), 4-11.

Feighner,
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

Felker, B., Yazel, J. J., & Short, D, (1996). Mortality and
medical comorbidity among psychiatry patients: A
review. Psychiatric Services, 47, 1356-1363.

Felton, C. J., Stastny, P., Shern, D. L., Blanch, A., Donahue,
S. A., Knight, E., & Brown, C. (1995). Consumers as
peer specialists on intensive case management teams:
Impact on client outcomes. Psychiatric Services, 46,
1037-1044. ;

Fenton, W. S., & Kane, J. M. (1997). Clinical challenges in
the psychopharmacology of
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 23, 563-565.

Fenton, W., Mosher, L., Herrell, J., & Blyler, C. (1998). A
randomized trial of general hospital versus residential
alternative care for patients with severe and persistent

schizophrenia.

mental illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155,

§16-522.

Fleischhacker, W. W., & Hummer, M. (1997). Drug
treatment of schizophrenia in the 1990s. Achievements
and future possibilities in optimizing outcomes. Drugs,
53, 915-929.

Flynn, L. M. (1998). Patterns of usual care for
schizophrenia: Initial results from the Schizophrenia
Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) client survey.
Commentary. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 30-32.

Foster, R. H., & Goa, K. L. (1998). Risperidone—a
pharmacoeconomic review of its use in schizophrenia.
Pharmacoeconomics, 14, 97-133.

Frackiewicz, E. J., Sramek, J. J., Herrera, J. M., Kurtz, N.
M., & Cutler, N. R. (1997). Ethnicity and antipsychotic
response. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 31, 1360-1369.

Frances, A., Docherty, P., & Kahn, A. (1996). Treatment of
schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 57, 1-59.

Franchini, L., Gasperini, M., Perez, J., Smeraldi, E., &
Zanardi, R. (1997). A double-blind study of long-term
treatment with sertraline or fluvoxamine for prevention
of highly recurrent unipolar depression. Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry, 58, 104-107.

Frank, E., Anderson, B., Reynolds, C. F., II, Ritenour, A.,
& Kupfer, D. J. (1994). Life events and the research
diagnostic criteria endogenous subtype. A confirmation
of the distinction using the Bedford College methods.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 519-524.

’ Frank, E., Kupfer, D. J., Perel, J. M., Cores, C., Jarrett, D.

B., Mallinger, A. G., Thase, M. E., McEachran, A. B.,

& Grochocinski, V. J. (1990). Three-year outcomes for

maintenance therapies in recurrent depression. Archives

of General Psychiatry, 47, 1093-1099.

306

Frank, E., Kupfer, D. J., Perel, J. M., Cornes, C., Mallinger,
A.G., Thase, M. E., McEachran, A. B., & Grochocinski,
V. J. (1993). Comparison of full-dose versus half-dose
pharmacotherapy in the maintenance treatment of
recurrent depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 27,
139-145. ,

Frank, E., Kupfer, D. J., Wagner, E. F., McEachran, A. B.,
& Comes, C. (1991a). Efficacy of interpersonal —
psychotherapy as a maintenance treatment of recurrent
depression. Contributing factors. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 48, 1053-1059.

Frank, E., Prien, R. F., Jarrett, R. B., Keller, M. B., Kupfer,
D. J., Lavori, P. W., Rush, A. J.,.& Weissman, M. M.
(1991b). Conceptualization and rationale for consensus
definitions of terms in major depressive disorder.
Remission, recovery, relapse, and recurrence. Archives
of General Psychiatry, 48, 851-855.

Freeman, T. W., Clothier, J. L., Pazzaglia, P., Lesem, M. D.,
& Swann, A. C. (1992). A double-blind comparison of
valproate and lithium in the treatment of acute mania.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 108-111.

Fukuzako, H., Fukuzako, T., Takeuchi, K., Ohbo, Y.,
Ueyama, K., Takigawa, M., & Fujimoto, T. (1996).
Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy in
schizophrenia: Correlation between membrane
phospholipid metabolism in the temporal lobe and
positive symptoms. Progress in Neuropsychopharma-
cology and Biological Psychiatry, 20, 629-640.

Gaebel, W., Frick, U., Kopcke, W., Linden, M., Muller, P.,
Muller-Spahn, F., Pietzcker, A., & Tegeler, J. (1993).
Early neuroleptic intervention in schizophrenia: Are
prodromal symptoms valid predictors of relapse? British
Journal of Psychiatry. Supplement, 21, 8-12.

Galanter, M. (1988). Zealous self-help groups as adjuncts to
psychiatric treatment: A study of Recovery, Inc.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 1248-1253.

Gallhofer, B., Bauer, U., Lis, S., Krieger, S., & Gruppe, H.
(1996). Cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia:
Comparison of treatment with atypical antipsychotic
agents and conventional neuroleptic drugs. European
Neuropsychopharmacology, 6(Suppl. 2), $13-S20.

Gardner, E. A., & Johnston, J. A. (1985). Bupropion—An
antidepressant without sexual pathophysiological action.
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 5, 24-29.

Garza-Trevino, E. S., Overall, J. E., & Hollister, L. E.
(1992). Verapamil versus lithium in acute mania.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 121-122. -
Gelenberg, A. J., Kane, J. M., Keller, M. B., Lavori, P.,
Rosenbaum, J. F., Cole, K., & Lavelle, J. (1989).
Comparison of standard and low serum levels of lithium
for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. New
England Journal of Medicine, 321, 1489-1493.

General Accounting Office. (1977). Returning the mentally
disabled to the community: Government needs to do
more. Washington, DC: Author.

Gerbaldo, H., Cassady, S., & Helisch, A. (1995). Negative
symptoms and the course of positive symptoms in deficit
schizophrenia. Psychopathology, 28, 121B126.

Gerber, P. D., Barrett, J., Manheimer, E., Whiting, R., &
Smith, R. (1989). Recognition of depression by
internists in primary care: A comparison of internist and
"gold standard" psychiatric assessments. Journal of
General Internal Medicine, 4, 7-13.

Geyer, M. A., Wilkinson, L. S., Humby, T., & Robbins, T.
W, (1993). Isolation rearing of rats produces a deficit in
prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle similar to that in
schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry, 34, 361-372.

Glassman, A. H., & Shapiro, P. A. (1998). Depression in the
course of coronary artery disease. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 155, 4-11.

Goddard, A. W., & Charney, D. S. (1997). Toward an
integrated neurobiology of panic disorder. Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry, 58(Suppl. 2), 4-11.

Goldberg, D. P., & Lecrubier, Y. (1995). Form and
frequency of mental disorders across centres. In T. B.
Ustun & N. Sartorius (Eds.), Mental illness in general
health care: An international study (pp. 323-334). New
York: John Wiley & Sons.

Goldman, H. H. (1998a). Deinstitutionalization and
community care: Social welfare policy as mental health
policy. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 6, 219-222.

Goldman, H. H. (1998b). Organizing mental health services:
An evidence-based approach. Stockholm: Swedish
Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care.

Goldman, H. H. (1999). The obligation of mental health
services to the least well off. Psychiatric Services, 50,
659-663.

Goldman, H., Lehman, A., Morrissey, J., Newman, S., Frank,
R., & Steinwachs, D. (1990a). Design for the national
evaluation of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
program on chronic mental illness. Hospital and
Community Psychiatry, 41, 1217-1221.

307

Adults and Mental Health

Goldman, H., Morrissey, J., & Ridgely, M. S. (1990b). Form
and function of mental health authorities at RWJ
Foundation program sites: Preliminary observations.
Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 41, 1222-1230.

Goldman, H. H., Morrissey, J. P., & Ridgely, M. S. (1994a).
Evaluating the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
program on chronic mental illness. Milbank Quarterly,
72, 37-47.

Goldman, H., Morrissey, J., & Ridgely, M. S. (1994).
Evaluating the program on chronic mental illness (RWJ
PCMI). Milbank Quarterly, 72, 37-48.

Goldman-Rakic, P. S., & Selemon, L. D. (1997). Functional
and anatomical aspects’ of prefrontal pathology in
schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 23, 437-458.

Goldstein, M. J. (1995a). Psychoeducation and relapse
prevention. International Clinical Psychopharmacology,
9(Suppl. 5), 59-69.

Goldstein, M.J.(1995b). Transactional processes associated
with relatives’ expressed emotion. International Journal
of Mental Health, 24, 76-96.

Goldstein, M. J., Rodnick, E. H., Evans, J.R., May, P.R., &
Steinberg, M. R. (1978). Drug and family therapy in the
aftercare of acute schizophrenics. Archives of General

- Psychiatry, 35, 1169-1177.

Goodman, L. A., Rosenberg, S. D., Mueser, K. T., & Drake,
R. E. (1997). Physical and sexual assault history in
women with serious mental illness: Prevalence,
correlates, treatment, and future research directions.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 23, 685-696.

Goodnick, P. J., & Extein, I. L. (1989). Bupropion and
fluoxetine in depressive subtypes. Annals of Clinical
Psychiatry, 1, 119-122.

Goodwin, F., & Jamison, K. (1990). Manic-depressive
illness. New York: Oxford University Press.

Gorman, J. M., & Coplan, J. D. (1996). Comorbidity of
depression and panic disorder. Journal of Clinical
Psychiatry, 57(Suppl. 10), 34-43.

Gottesman, I. I. (1991). Schizophrenia genesis—The origins
of madness. New York: W. H. Freeman.

Grace, A. A. (1991). Phasic versus tonic dopamine release
and the modulation of dopamine system responsivity: A
hypothesis for the etiology of schizophrenia.
Neuroscience, 41, 1-24.

Grace, A. A. (1992). The depolarization block hypothesis of
neuroleptic action: Implications for the etiology and
treatment of schizophrenia. Journal of Neural
Transmission. Supplementum, 36, 91-131.
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

Green, M. F., Marshall, B. D., Jr., Wirshing, W. C., Ames,
D., Marder, S. R., McGurk, S., Kern, R. S., & Mintz, J.
(1997). Does risperidone improve verbal working
memory in treatment-resistant schizophrenia? American
Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 799-804.

Greenberg, P. E., Stiglin, L. E., Finkelstein, S. N., & Berndt,
E. R. (1993). The economic burden of depression in
1990. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 54, 405-418.

Greenberg, R. M. (1997). ECT in the elderly. New
Directions in Mental Health Services, 76, 85-96.

Greist, J. H., Jefferson, J. W., Kobak, K. A., Katzelnick, D.
J., & Serlin, R. C. (1995). Efficacy and tolerability of
serotonin transport inhibitors in obsessive-compulsive
disorder. A meta-analysis. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 52, 53-60..

Gruenberg, E. (1974). The social breakdown syndrome and
its prevention. In S. Arieti (Ed.), American handbook of
psychiatry (2nd ed., pp. 697-711). New York: Basic
Books.

Guarnaccia, P. J., Parra, P., Deschamps, A., Milstein, G., &
Argiles, N. (1992). Si dios quiere: Hispanic families’
experiences of caring for a seriously mentally ill family
member. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 16,
187-215.

Guelfi, J. D., White, C., Hackett, D., Guichoux, J. Y., &
Magni, G. (1995). Effectiveness of venlafaxine in
patients hospitalized for major depression and
melancholia. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 56,
450-458.

Gunasekara, N. A., & Spencer, C. M. (1998). Quetiapine—A
review of its use in schizophrenia. Central Nervous
System Drugs, 9, 325-340.

Gunderson, J. G., Frank, A. F., Katz, H. M., Vannicelli, M.
L., Frosch, J. P., & Knapp, P. H. (1984). Effects of
psychotherapy in schizophrenia: II. Comparative
outcome of two forms of treatment. Schizophrenia
Bulletin, 10, 564-598.

Gupta, S., Andreasen, N. C., Arndt, S., Flaum, M., Hubbard,
W.C., & Ziebell, S. (1997). The Iowa longitudinal study
of recent onset psychosis: One-year follow-up of first
episode patients. Schizophrenia Research, 23, 1-13.

‘Hafner, H., & an der Heiden, W. (1997). Epidemiology of

schizophrenia. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 42,
139-151.

308

Hafner, H., an der Heiden, W., Behrens, S., Gattaz, W. F.,
Hambrecht, M., Loffler, W., Maurer, K., Munk-
Jorgensen, P., Nowotny, B., Riecher-Rossler, A., &
Stein, A. (1998). Causes and consequences of the gender
difference in age at onset of
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 99-113.

Hamera, E. K., Peterson, K. A., Young, L. M., &
Schaumloffel, M. M. (1992). Symptom monitoring in
schizophrenia: Potential for enhancing self-care.
Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 6, 324-330.

Harding, C. M., Brooks, G. W., Ashikaga, T., Strauss, J. S.,
& Breier, A. (1987). The Vermont longitudinal study of
persons with severe mental illness, II: Long-term
outcome of subjects who retrospectively met DSM-III
criteria for schizophrenia. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 144, 727-735.

Harding, C., Strauss, J. S., & Zubin, J. (1992). Chronicity in
schizophrenia: Revisited. British Journal of Psychiatry,
161, 27-37.

Harrow, M., Sands, J. R., Silverstein, M. L., & Goldberg, J.
F. (1997). Course and outcome for schizophrenia versus
other psychotic patients: A longitudinal study.

_ Schizophrenia Bulletin, 23, 287-303.

Harvey, P. D., Lombardi, J., Leibman, M., White, L., Parella,
M., Powchik, P., & Davidson, M. (1996). Cognitive
impairment and negative symptoms in geriatric chronic
schizophrenic patients: A follow-up study.
Schizophrenia Research, 22, 223-231.

Hasan, S., & Buckley, P. (1998). Novel antipsychotics and
the neuroleptic malignant syndrome: A review and
critique. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155,
1113-1116.

Hatfield, A. B. (1992). Leaving home: Separation issues in
psychiatric illness. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal,
15, 37-47.

Hatfield, A. B., Spaniol, L., & Zipple, A. M. (1987).
Expressed emotion: A family perspective. Schizophrenia
Bulletin, 13, 221-226.

Havassy, B. E., & Ams, P. G. (1998). Relationship of
cocaine and other substance dependence to well-being of
high-risk psychiatric patients. Psychiatric Services, 49,
935-940.

Haykal, R. F., & Akiskal, H. S. (1990). Bupropion as a
promising approach to rapid cyciing bipolar II patients.
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 51, 450-455.

schizophrenia.
Heller, T., Roccoforte, J. A., & Cook, J. A. (1997a).
Predictors of support group participation among families
of persons with mental illness. Family Relations, 46,
437-442.

Heller, T., Roccoforte, J. A., Hsieh, K., Cook, J. A., &
Pickett, S. A. (1997b). Benefits of support groups for
families of adults with severe mental illness. American
Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 67, 187-198.

Helzer, J. E., Robins, L. N., & McEvoy, L. (1987). Post-
traumatic stress disorder in the general population.
Findings of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area survey.
New England Journal of Medicine, 317, 1630-1634.

Hermann, R. C., Dorwart, R. A., Hoover, C. W., & Brody, J.
(1995). Variation in ECT use in the United States.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 869-875.

Hermann, R. C., Ettner, S. L., Dorwart, R. A., Langman-
Dorwart, N., & Kleinman, S. (1999). Diagnoses of
patients treated with ECT: A comparison of evidence-
based standards with reported use. Psychiatric Services,
50, 1059-1065.

Herz, M. I., & Lamberti, J. S. (1995). Prodromal symptoms
and relapse prevention in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia
Bulletin, 21, 541-551.

Herz, M. I., & Melville, C. (1980). Relapse in schizophrenia.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 137, 801-805.

Himmelhoch, J. M., Thase, M. E., Mallinger, A. G., &
Houck, P. (1991). Tranyicypromine versus imipramine
in anergic bipolar depression. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 148, 910-916.

Hirschfeld, R. M., Keller, M. B., Panico, S., Arons, B. S.,
Barlow, D., Davidoff, F., Endicott, J., Froom, J.,
Goldstein, M., Gorman, J. M., Marek, R. G., Maurer, T.
A., Meyer, R., Phillips, K., Ross, J., Schwenk, T. L.,
Sharfstein, S. S., Thase, M. E., & Wyatt, R. J. (1997).
The National Depressive and Manic-Depressive
Association consensus statement on the undertreatment
of depression. Journal of the American Medical
Association, 277, 333-340.

Hirschfeld, R., & Shea, T. (1992). Personality. In E, Paykel
(Ed.), Handbook of affective disorders (pp. 185-194).
New York: Guilford Press.

Ho, B. C., Andreasen, N., & Flaum, M. (1997). Dependence
on public financial support early in the course of
schizophrenia. Psychiatric Services, 48, 948-950.

309

Adults and Mental Health

Ho, B. C., Nopoulos, P., Flaum, M., Arndt, S., & Andreasen,
N. C. (1998). Two-year outcome in first-episode
schizophrenia: Predictive value of symptoms for quality
of life. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155,
1196-1201.

Hoffman, F. L., & Mastrianni, X. (1993). The role of

supported education in the inpatient treatment of young
adults; A two-site comparison.
Rehabilitation Journal, 17, 109-119.

Hogarty, G. E., Anderson, C. M., & Reiss, D. J. (1987).
Family psychoeducation, social skills training, and
medication in schizophrenia: The long and short of it.
Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 23, 12-13.

Hogarty, G. E., Greenwald, D., Ulrich, R. F., Kornblith, S.
J., DiBarry, A. L., Cooley, S., Carter, M., & Flesher, S.
(1997). Three-year trials of personal therapy among
schizophrenic patients living with or independent of
family, Il: Effects on adjustment of patients. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 1514-1524.

Hollander, E. (1996). Obsessive-compulsive disorder-related
disorders: The role of selective serotonergic reuptake
inhibitors. International Clinical Psychopharmacology,
11(Suppl. 5), 75-87.

Hollister, J. M., Laing, P., & Mednick, S. A. (1996). Rhesus
incompatibility as a risk factor for schizophrenia in male
adults. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 19-24.

Hollon, S. D., DeRubeis, R. J., Evans, M. D., Wiemer, M. J.,
Garvey, M. J., Grove, W. M., & Tuason, V. B. (1992).
Cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy for depression.
Singly and in combination. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 49, 774-781.

Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. H. (1967). The social
readjustment rating scale. Journal of Psychosomatic
Research, 11, 213-218.

Hornig, C. D., & McNally, R. J. (1995). Panic disorder and
suicide attempt. A reanalysis of data from the
Epidemiologic Catchment Area study. British Journal of
Psychiatry, 167, 76-79.

Horne, R. L., Pettinati, H. M., Sugerman, A. A.., & Varga, E.
(1985). Comparing bilateral to unilateral
electroconvulsive therapy in a randomized study with
EEG montoring. Archives of General Psychiatry, 42,
1087-1092.

Howland, R. H., & Thase, M. E. (1993). A comprehensive
review of cyclothymic disorder. Journal of Nervous and
Mental Disease, 181, 485-493.

Psychosocial
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

Hu, T. W., Snowden, L. R., Jerrell, J. M., & Nguyen, T. D.
(1991). Ethnic populations in public mental health:
Services choice and level of use. American Journal of
Public Health, 81, 1429-1434.

Hultman, C. M., Ohman, A., Cnattingius, S., Wieselgren, I.
M., & Lindstrom, L. H. (1997). Prenatal and neonatal
risk factors for schizophrenia. British Journal of
Psychiatry, 170, 128-133.

Inayama, Y., Yoneda, H., Sakai, T., Ishida, T., Nonomura,
Y., Kono, Y., Takahata, R., Koh, J., Sakai, J., Takai, A.,
Inada, Y., & Asaba, H. (1996). Positive association
between a DNA sequence variant in the serotonin 2A
receptor gene and schizophrenia. American Journal of
Medical Genetics, 67, 103-105.

Ingram, R. E., Miranda, J., & Segal, Z. V. (1998). Cognitive
vulnerability to depression. New York: Guilford Press.

Institute of Medicine (1994). Reducing risks for mental
disorders: Frontiers for preventive intervention
research. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Institute of Medicine (1995). Development of medications
for the treatment of opiate and cocaine addictions:
Issues for the government and private sector.
Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Institute of Medicine. (1996). Understanding violence
against women. Washington, DC: National Academy
Press.

Institute of Medicine (1998). Violence in families: Assessing
prevention and treatment programs. Washington, DC:
National Academy Press.

Iwahashi, K., Watanabe, M., Nakamura, K°, Suwaki, H.,
Nakaya, T., Nakamura, Y., Takahashi, H., & Tkuta, K.
(1998). Positive and negative syndromes, and Borna
disease virus infection
Neuropsychobiology, 37, 59-64.

Jablensky, A., Sartorius, N., Ernberg, G., Anker, M., Korten,
A., Cooper, J. E., Day, R., & Bertelsen, A. (1992).
Schizophrenia: Manifestations, incidence and course in
different cultures. A World Health Organization ten-
country study. Psychological Medicine Monograph
Supplement, 20, 1-97.

Jacobson, L., & Sapolsky, R. (1991). The role of the
hippocampus in feedback regulation of the hypothalmic-
pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Endocrine Reviews, 12,
118-134.

_ Jakob, H., & Beckmann, H. (1986). Prenatal developmental
disturbances in the limbic allocortex in schizophrenics.
Journal of Neural Transmission, 65, 303-326.

in schizophrenia.

310

Janicak, P. G., Davis, J. M., Gibbons, R. D., Ericksen, S.,
Chang, S., & Gallagher, P. (1985). Efficacy of ECT: A
meta-analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142,
297-302.

Janicak, P. G., Newman, R. M., & Davis, J. M. (1992).
Psychopharmacology update: Advances in the treatment
of mania and related disorders: A reappraisal.
Psychiatric Annals, 22, 92-103.

Janicak, P. G., Sharma, R. P., Pandey, G., & Davis, J. M.
(1998). Verapamil for the treatment of acute mania: A

~ double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. American Journal
of Psychiatry, 155, 972-973. .

Jann, M. W., Chang, W. H., Lam, Y. W.; Hwu, H. G., Lin,
H. N., Chen, H., Chen, T. Y., Lin, S. K., Chien, C. P.,
Davis, C. M., Ereshefsky, L., Sakland, S. R., Richards,
A. L., & Shulteis, W. M. (1992). Comparison of
haloperidol and reduced haloperidol plasma levels in
four different ethnic populations. Progress in Neuro-
Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 16,
193-202.

Jenkins, J. H., & Karno, M. (1992). The meaning of
expressed emotion: Theoretical issues raised by cross-
cultural research. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149,
9-21.

Jensen, L. H., & Kane, C. F. (1996). Cognitive theory
applied to the treatment of delusions of schizophrenia.
Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 10, 335B341.

Jeste, D. V., Gladsjo, J. A., Lindamer, L. A., & Lacro, J. P.
(1996). Medical comorbidity in
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 22, 413-430.

Jones, P. B., & Cannon, M. (1998). The new epidemiology
of schizophrenia. Psychiatric Clinics of North America,
21, 1-25.

Jones, P. B., Rantakallio, P., Hartikainen, A. L., Isohanni,
M., & Sipila, P. (1998). Schizophrenia as a long-term
outcome of pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal
complications: A 28-year follow-up of the 1966 north
Finland general population birth cohort. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 355-364.

Jorgensen, P. (1998). Early signs of psychotic relapse in
schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 172,
327-330.

Kagan, J., Reznick, J. S., & Snidman, N. (1988). Biological
bases of childhood shyness. Science, 240, 167-171.

Kandel, E. R. (1999). Biology and the future of
psychoanalysis: A new intellectual framework for
psychiatry revisited. American Journal of Psychiatry,
156, 505-524.

schizophrenia.
Kane, J. M. (1985). Antipsychotic drug side effects: Their
relationship to dose. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 46,
16-21.

Kane, J. M. (1989). The current status of neuroleptic therapy.
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 50, 322-328.

Kane, J. M. (1992). New developments in the
pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. Bulletin of
the Menninger Clinic, 56, 62-75.

Kane, J. M. (1996). Treatment-resistant schizophrenic
patients. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 57(Suppl. 9),
35-40.

Kane, J. M. (1997). What are the therapeutic needs in
schizophrenia and how are they satisfied by new
antipsychotics? International Clinical
Psychopharmacology, 12(Suppl. 2), S3-S6.

Kane, J. M., & Marder, S. R. (1993). Psychopharmacologic
treatment of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 19,
287-302.

Kane, J. M., & McGlashan, T. H. (1995). Treatment of
schizophrenia. Lancet, 346, 820-825.

Kapur, S., & Mann, J. J. (1992). Role of the dopaminergic
system in depression. Biological Psychiatry, 32, \-17.

Kapur, S., Mieczkowski, T., & Mann, J. J.. (1992).
Antidepressant medications and the relative risk of
suicide attempt and suicide. Journal of the American
Medical Association, 268, 3441-3445.

Katon, W. (1996). The impact of major depression on
chronic medical illness. General Hospital Psychiatry,
18, 215-219. .

Katon, W. J. (1995). Will improving detection of depression
in primary care lead to improved depressive outcomes?
General Hospital Psychiatry, 17, 1-2.

Katon, W., von Korff, M., Lin, E., Bush, T., & Ormel, J.
(1992). Adequacy and duration of antidepressant
treatment in primary care. Medical Care, 30, 67—76.

Katon, W., Von Korff, M., Lin, E., Unutzer, J., Simon, G.,
Walker, E., Ludman, E., & Bush, T. (1997). Population-
based care of depression: Effective disease management
strategies to decrease prevalence. General Hospital
Psychiatry, 19, 169-178.

Kaufmann, C. L. (1995). The self-help employment center.
Some outcomes from the first year. Psychosocial

_ Rehabilitation Journal, 18, 145-162.

Kaufmann, C. L., Ward-Colasante, C., & Farmer, J. (1993).
Development and evaluation of drop-in centers operated
by mental health consumers. Hospital and Community
Psychiatry, 44, 675-678.

311

Adults and Mental Health

Keller, M. B., & Hanks, D. L. (1994). The natural history
and heterogeneity of depressive disorders: Implications
for rational antidepressant therapy. Journal of Clinical
Psychiatry, 55(Suppl. A), 25-31.

Keller, M. B., Lavori, P. W., Kane, J. M., Gelenberg, A. J.,
Rosenbaum, J. F., Walzer, E. A., & Baker, L. A. (1992).
Subsyndromal symptoms in bipolar disorder. A
comparison of standard and low serum levels of lithium.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 49, 371-376.

Keller, M. B., & Shapiro, R. W. (1982). “Double
depression": Superimposition of acute depressive
episodes on chronic depressive disorders. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 438-442.

Kendler, K. S., & Diehl, S. R. (1993). The genetics of
schizophrenia: A current, genetic-epidemiologic
perspective. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 19, 261-285.

Kendler, K. S., Heath, A. C., Martin, N. G., & Eaves, L. J.
(1987). Symptoms of anxiety and symptoms of
depression. Same genes, different environments?
Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 451-457.

Kendler, K. S., Kessler, R. C., Walters, E. E., MacLean, C.,
Neale, M. C., Heath, A. C., & Eaves, L. J. (1995).
Stressful life events, genetic liability, and onset of an

‘episode of major depression in women. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 833-842.

Kendler, K. S., MacLean, C. J., O'Neill, F. A., Burke, J.,
Murphy, B., Duke, F., Shinkwin, R., Easter, S. M.,
Webb, B. T., Zhang, J., Walsh, D., & Straub, R. E.
(1996). Evidence for a schizophrenia vulnerability locus
on chromosome 8p in the Irish study of high-density
schizophrenia families. American Journal of. Psychiatry,
153, 1534-1540.

Kent, J. M., Coplan, J. D., & Gorman, J. M. (1998). Clinical
utility of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in
the spectrum of anxiety. Biological Psychiatry, 44,
812-824.

Keri, S., Szekeres, G., Kelemen, O., Antal, A., Szendi, I.,
Kovacs, Z., Benedek, G., & Janka, Z. (1998).
Abstraction is impaired at the perceptual level in
schizophrenic patients. Neuroscience Letters, 243,
93-96.

Kern, R. S., Green, M. F., Marshall, B. D.., Jr., Wirshing, W.
C., Wirshing, D., McGurk, S., Marder, S. R., & Mintz,
J. (1998). Risperidone vs. haloperidol on reaction time,
manual dexterity, and motor learning in treatment-
resistant schizophrenia patients. Biological Psychiatry,
44, 726-732.
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

Kessler, R. C., McGonagle, K. A., Zhao, S., Nelson, C. B.,
Hughes, M., Eshleman, S., Wittchen, H. U., & Kendler,
K. S. (1994). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of
DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States.
Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives
of General Psychiatry, 51, 8-19.

Kessler, R. C., Sonnega, A., Bromet, E., Hughes, M., &
Nelson, C. B. (1995). Posttraumatic stress disorder in
the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 52, 1048-1060.

Kety, S. S. (1987). The significance of genetic factors in the
etiology of schizophrenia: Results from the national

study of adoptees in Denmark. Journal of Psychiatric
Research, 21, 423-429.

Kiev, A., Masco, H. L., Wenger, T. L., Johnston, J. A., .

Batey, S. R., & Holloman, L. C. (1994). The
cardiovascular effects of bupropion and nortriptyline in
depressed outpatients. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 6,
107-115. .

Kim, K., & Jacobs, S. (1995). Stress of bereavement and
consequent psychiatric illness. In C. M. Maure (Ed.),
Does stress cause psychiatric illness? (pp. 187-219).
Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

Kirchner, J. E., Owen, R. R., Nordquist, C., & Fischer, E. P.
(1998). Diagnosis and management of substance use
disorders among inpatients with
Psychiatric Services, 49, 82-85.

Kirkpatrick, B., Ram, R., Amador, X. F., Buchanan, R. W.,
McGlashan, T., Tohen, M., & Bromet, E. (1998).
Summer birth and the deficit syndrome of schizophrenia.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 1221-1226.

Klein, D. F., & Ross, D. C. (1993). Reanalysis of the
National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of
Depression Collaborative Research Program General
Effectiveness Report. Neuropsychopharmacology, 8,
241-251.

Klerman, G. L. (1990). The psychiatric patient's right to
effective treatment: Implications of Osheroff v. Chestnut
Lodge. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 409-418.

Klerman, G. L., Weissman, M. M., Ouellette, R., Johnson, J.,
& Greenwald, S. (1991). Panic attacks in the
community. Social morbidity and health care utilization.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 265,
742-746.

Klerman, G. L., Weissman, M. M., Rounsaville, B. J., &
Sherron, E. S. (1984). Interpersonal psychotherapy of
depression. New York: Basic Books.

schizophrenia.

312

Klosterkotter, J., Albers, M., Steinmeyer, E.M., Hensen, A.,-
& Sass, H. (1995). Positive or negative
symptoms—which are more appropriate as diagnostic
criteria for schizophrenia? Acta Psychiatrica
Scandinavica, 92, 321-326.

Kopelowicz, A., Liberman, R. P., Mintz, J., & Zarate, R.
(1997). Comparison of efficacy of social skills training
for deficit and nondeficit negative symptoms in
schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154,
424-425.

Kornstein, S.G., Schatzberg, A. F., Thase, M. E., Yonkers,
K. A., McCullough, J. P., Keitner, G. I., Gelenberg, A.
J., Davis, S. M., Harrison, W. M., & Keller, M. B. (in
press). Gender differences in treatment response to
sertraline versus imipramine in chronic depression.
American Journal of Psychiatry.

Kosten, T. R., & Ziedonis, D. M. (1997). Substance abuse
and schizophrenia: Editors’ introduction. Schizophrenia
Bulletin, 23, 181-186.

Kovacs, M., Rush, A. J., Beck, A. T., & Hollon, S. D.
(1981). Depressed outpatients treated with cognitive
therapy or pharmacotherapy. A one-year follow-up.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 38, 33-39.

Krieger, N., Rowley, D. L., Herman, A. A., Avery, B., &
Phillips, M. T. (1993). Racism, sexism, and social class:
Implications for studies of health, disease, and well-
being. American Journal of Preventive Medicine,
9(Suppl.), 82-122.

Kukopulos, A., Reginaldi, D., Laddomada, P., Floris, G.,
Serra, G., & Tondo, L. (1980). Course of the manic-
depressive cycle and changes caused by treatment.
Pharmakopsychiatrie Neuro-Psychopharmakologie, 13,
156-167.

Kunugi, H., Takei, N., Saito, K., Akizuki, S., Murray, R.M.,
& Nanko, S. (1996). Relationship between impairment
of prenatal brain growth and family history of psychosis
in schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 30,
475-481.

Kunugi, H., Vallada, H., Sham, P., Hoda, F., Arranz, M., Li,
T., Nanko, S., Murray, R. M., McGuffin, P., Owen, M.,
Gill, M. & Collier, D. (1997). Catechol-O-
methyltransferase polymorphisms and schizophrenia: A
transmission disequilibrium study in multiply affected
families. Psychiatric Genetics, 7, 97-101.

Kupfer, D. J. (1991). Long-term treatment of depression.
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 52(Suppl.), 28-34.
Kupfer, D. J., Frank, E., McEachran, A. B., & Grochocinski,
V. J. (1990). Delta sleep ratio. A biological correlate of
early recurrence in unipolar affective disorder. Archives
of General Psychiatry, 47, 1100-1105.

Kupfer, D. J., Frank, E., Perel, J. M., Cornes, C., Mallinger,
A.G., Thase, M. E., McEachran, A. B., & Grochocinski,
V. J. (1992). Five-year outcome for maintenance
therapies in recurrent depression. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 49, 769-773.

Kurtz, L. F. (1997). Self-help and support groups: A
handbook for practitioners. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
Publications.

Lam, D. H. (1991). Psychosocial family intervention in
schizophrenia: A review of empirical studies.
Psychological Medicine, 21, 423-441. ,

Lam, Y. W., Jann, M. W., Chang, W. H., Yu, H. S., Lin, S.
K., Chen, H., & Davis, C. M. (1995). Intra- and
interethnic variability in reduced haloperidol to
haloperidol ratios. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology,
35, 128-136.

Lamarque, V. (1996). [Hematologic effects of clozapine: A
review of the international experience]. Encephale,
22(6), 35-36.

Lamb, H. R., & Weinberger, L. E. (1998). Persons with
severe mental illness in jails and prisons: A review.
Psychiatric Services, 49, 483-492.

Lawson, W. B., Helpler, N., Holladay, J., & Cuffel, B.
(1994). Race as a factor in inpatient and outpatient
admissions and _ diagnosis.
Psychiatry, 45, 72-74.

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal and
coping. New York: Springer.

LeDoux, J. (1996). Emotional networks and motor control:
A fearful view. Progress in Brain Research, 107,
437-446.

Lehman, A. F. (1995). Vocational rehabilitation in
schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 645-656.

Lehman, A. F. (1996). Evaluating outcomes of treatments for
persons with psychotic disorders. Journal of Clinical
Psychiatry, 57(Suppl. 11), 61-67.

Lehman, A. F. (1997). Managing schizophrenia:
Interventions and outcomes. Disease Management and
Health Outcomes, 1, 286-295.

Lehman, A. F. (1998). Public health policy, community
services, and outcomes for patients with schizophrenia.
Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 21, 221-231.

Hospital Community

313

Adults and Mental Health

Lehman, A. F., & Newman, S. J. (1996). Housing. In W. R.
Breakey (Ed.), Integrated mental health services:
Modern community psychiatry (pp. 300-309). New
York: Oxford University Press.

Lehman, A. F., Postrado, L. T., Roth, D., McNary, S., &
Goldman, H. (1994). An evaluation of continuity of
care, case management, and client outcomes in the RWJ
PCMI. Milbank Quarterly, 72, 105-122.

Lehman, A. F., & Steinwachs, D. M. (1998a). Patterns of
usual care for schizophrenia: Initial results from the
Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team
(PORT) Client Survey. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24,
11-20.

Lehman, A. F., & Steinwachs, D.-M. (1998b). Translating
research into practice: The Schizophrenia Patient
Outcomes Research Team (PORT) treatment
recommendations. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 1-10.

Lenox, R. H., Newhouse, P. A., Creelman, W. L., &
Whitaker, T. M. (1992). Adjunctive treatment of manic
agitation with lorazepam versus halperidol: A double-
blind study. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 53, 47-52.

Lerer, B., Moore, N., Meyendorff, E., Cho, S. R., &
Gershon, S. (1987). Carbamazepine versus lithium in

-mania: A double-blind study. Journal of Clinical
Psychiatry, 48, 89-93.

Levey, S., Howells, K., & Cowden, E. (1995).
Dangerousness, unpredictability, and the fear of people
with schizophrenia. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 6,
19-39.

Levin, S., Yurgelun-Todd, D., & Craft, S. (1989).
Contribution of clinical neuropsychology to the study of
schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 98,
341-356.

Levinson, D. F., Mahtani, M. M., Nancarrow, D. J., Brown,
D. M., Kruglyak, L., Kirby, A., Hayward, N. K., Crowe,
R.R., Andreasen, N. C., Black, D. W., Silverman, J. M.,
Endicott, J., Sharpe, L., Mohs, R. C., Siever, L. J.,
Walters, M. K., Lennon, D. P., Jones, H. L., Nertney, D.
A., Daly, M. J., Gladis, M., & Mowry, B. J. (1998).
Genome scan of schizophrenia. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 155, 741-750.

Levinson, D. F., Simpson, G. M., Singh, H., Yadalam, K.,
Jain, A., Stephanos, M. J., & Silver, P. (1990).
Fluphenazine dose, clinical response, and

extrapyramidal symptoms during acute treatment.

Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 761-768.
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

Lewis, P., Rack, P. H., Vaddadi, K. S., & Allen, J. J. (1980).
Ethnic differences in drug response. Postgraduate
Medical Journal, 56(Suppl. 1), 46-49.

Ley, A., Jeffery, D. P., McLaren, S., & Siegfried, N. (1999).
Treatment programmes for those with both severe
mental illness and substance misuse (Cochrane Review).
In The Cochrane Library, Issue 4. Oxford, U.K.: Update
Software.

Liberman, R. P., Wallace, C. J., Blackwell, G., Kopelowicz,
A., Vaccaro, J. V., & Mintz, J. (1998). Skills training
versus psychosocial occupational therapy for persons
with persistent schizophrenia. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 155, 1087-1091.

Liberman, R. P., Wallace, C. J., Vaughn, C. E., Snyder, K.
S., & Rust, C. (1980). Social and family factors in the
course of schizophrenia: Toward an interpersonal
problem-solving therapy for schizophrenics and their
relatives. In J. Strauss, S. Fleck, & M. Bowers (Eds.),
Psychotherapy of schizophrenia: Current status and
new directions (pp. 21-54). New York: Plenum
Publishing.

Lieberman, A. A., Gowdy, E. A., & Knutson, L. C. (1991).
The mental health outreach project: A case study in self-
help. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 14, 100-105.

Lieberman, J. A. (1993). Understanding the mechanism of
action of atypical antipsychotic drugs. A review of
compounds in use and development. British Journal of
Psychiatry. Supplement, 22, 7-18.

Lieberman, J. A. (1996). Atypical antipsychotic drugs as a
first-line treatment of schizophrenia: A rationale and
hypothesis. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 57(Suppl.
11), 68-71.

Lieberman, J., Jody, D., Geisler, S., Alvir, J., Loebel, A.,
Szymanski, S., Woerner, M., & Borenstein, M. (1993).
Time course and biologic correlates of treatment
response in first- episode schizophrenia. Archives of
General Psychiatry, 50, 369-376.

Lieberman, J. A., Koreen, A. R., Chakos, M., Sheitman, B.,
Woerner, M., Alvir, J. M., & Bilder, R. (1996). Factors
influencing treatment response and outcome of first-
episode schizophrenia: Implications for understanding
the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry, 57(Suppl. 9), 5-9.

314

Lieberman, J. A., Safferman, A. Z., Pollack, S.. Szymanski,
S., Johns, C., Howard, A., Kronig, M., Bookstein, P., &
Kane, J. M. (1994). Clinical effects of clozapine in
chronic schizophrenia: Response to treatment and
predictors of outcome. American Journal of Psychiatry,

~ 151, 1744-1752.

Liebowitz, M. R. (1997). Panic disorder as a chronic illness.
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 58(Suppl. 13), 5-8.
Lin, K. M., Anderson, D., & Poland, R. E. (1995). Ethnicity
and psychopharmacology. Bridging the gap. Psychiatric

Clinics of North America, 18, 635-647.

Lin, K. M., Anderson, D., & Poland, R. E. (1997). Ethnic
and cultural considerations in psychopharmacotherapy.
In D. Dunner (Ed.), Current psychiatric therapy (2nd
ed., pp. 75-81). Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.

Linde, K., Ramirez, G., Mulrow, C. D., Pauls, A.,
Weidenhammer,.W., & Melchart, D. (1996). St. John’s
wort for depression—an overview and meta-analysis of
randomised clinical trials. British Medical Journal, 313,
253-258.

Lipska, B. K., Swerdlow, N.R., Geyer, M. A., Jaskiw, G. E.,
Braff, D. L., & Weinberger, D. R. (1995). Neonatal
excitotoxic hippocampal damage in rats causes post-
pubertal changes in prepulse inhibition of startle and its
disruption by apomorphine. Psychopharmacology, 122,
35-43.

Lipska, B. K., & Weinberger, D. R. (1993). Delayed effects
of neonatal hippocampal damage on haloperidol-induced
catalepsy and apomorphine-induced stereotypic
behaviors in the rat. Brain Research, Developmental
Brain Research, 75, 213-222.

Lipska, B. K., & Weinberger, D. R. (1997). Animal models
of schizophrenia. Unpublished manuscript.

Loebel, A. D., Botts, S. R., & Feldman, B. I. (1998).
Atypical antipsychotics in the managed care era.
American Journal of Managed Care, 4, $37-S59.

Long, L., & Van Tosh, L. (1988). Program descriptions of
consumer-run programs for homeless people with
mental illness. Rockville, MD: National Institute of
Mental Health.

Lopez, S. R., Nelson, K., Snyder, K., & Mintz J. (in press).
Attributions and affective reactions of family members
and course of schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal
Psychology.

Loyd, D. W., & Tsuang, M. T. (1985). Disability and
welfare—who wants it? Journal of Clinical Psychiatry,
46, 273-275.
Lu. F. G., Lim, R. F., & Mezzich, J. E. (1995). Issues in the
assessment and diagnosis of culturally diverse
individuals. In J. Olham & M. Riba (Eds.), Review of
psychiatry (Vol. 14, pp. 477-509). Washington, DC:
American Psychiatric Press.

Luke, D. A. (1989). The measurement of change in a self-
help context. Unpublished doctoral dissertation,
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.

Lydiard, R. B., Brawman-Mintzer, O., & Ballenger, J. C.
(1996). Recent developments in the
psychopharmacology of anxiety disorders. Journal of
Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 660-668.

Lynch, M. D., & Kruzich, J. M. (1986). Needs assessment of
the chronically mentally ill: Practitioner and client
perspectives. Administration in Mental Health, 4,
237-248.

Maciejewski, P. W., Prigerson, H. G., & Mazure, C. M.
(1999). Sex differences in event-related risk for major
depression. Manuscript submitted for publication.

MacMillan, H. L., Fleming, J. E., Trocme, N., Boyle, M. H.,
Wong, M., Racine, Y. A., Beardslee, W.R., & Offord,
D. R. (1997). Prevalence of child physical and sexual
abuse in the community. Results from the Ontario
Health Supplement. Journal of the American Medical
Association, 278, 131-135.

Magee, W. J., Eaton, W. W., Wittchen, H. U., McGonagle,
K. A., & Kessler, R. C. (1996). Agoraphobia, simple
phobia, and social phobia in the National Comorbidity
Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 159-168.

Mahurin, R. K., Velligan, D. L., & Miller, A. L. (1998).
Executive-frontal lobe cognitive dysfunction in
schizophrenia: A symptom subtype analysis. Psychiatry
Research, 79, 139-149.

Mancuso, L. (1990). Reasonable accommodation for workers
with psychiatric disabilities. Psychosocial Rehabilitation
Journal, 2, 3-19.

March, J. S., Frances, A., Carpenter, D., & Kahn, D. A.
(1997). Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
The Expert Consensus Panel for obsessive-compulsive
disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 58, 2-72.

Marcus, S. C., Olfson, M., Pincus, H. A., Shear, M. K., &
Zarin, D. A. (1997). Self-reported anxiety, general
medical conditions, and disability bed days. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 1766-1768.

Adults and Mental Health

Marder, S. R., Wirshing, W. C., Mintz, J., McKenzie, J.,
Johnston, K., Eckman, T. A., Lebell, M., Zimmerman,
K., & Liberman, R. P. (1996). Two-year outcome of
social skills training and group psychotherapy for
outpatients with schizophrenia. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 153, 1585-1592. |

Mari, J. J., & Streiner; D. L. (1994). An overview of family
interventions and relapse on schizophrenia: Meta-
analysis of research findings. Psychological Medicine,
24, 565-578.

_ Marks, I. M. (1969). Fears and phobias. New York:

315

Academic Press.

Maslowski, J., Jansen van Rensburg, D., & Mthoko, N.
(1998). A polydiagnostic approach to the differences in
the symptoms of schizophrenia in different cultural and
ethnic populations. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 98,
41-46.

Mason, P., Harrison, G., Croudace, T., Glazebrook, C., &
Medley, I. (1997). The predictive validity of a diagnosis
of schizophrenia. A report from the International Study
of Schizophrenia (ISoS) coordinated by the World
Health Organization and the Department of Psychiatry,
University of Nottingham. British J ournal of Psychiatry,
170, 321-327.

Mattson, D. T., Berk, M., & Lucas, M. D. (1997). A
neuropsychological study of prefrontal lobe function in
the positive and negative subtypes of schizophrenia.
Journal of Genetic Psychology, 158, 487-494.

Maziade, M., Bouchard, S., Gingras, N., Charron, L.,
Cardinal, A., Roy, M. A., Gauthier, B., Tremblay, G..,
Cote, S., Fournier, C., Boutin, P., Hamel, M., Merette,
C., & Martinez, M. (1996). Long-term stability of
diagnosis and symptom dimensions in a systematic
sample of patients with onset of schizophrenia in
childhood and early adolescence. II: Postnegative
distinction and childhood predictors of adult outcome.
British Journal of Psychiatry, 169, 371-378.

McCarthy, J., & Nelson, G. (1991). An evaluation of
supportive housing for current and former psychiatric
patients. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 42,
1254-1256.

McElroy, S. L., Keck, P. E., Jr., Pope, H. G., Jr., & Hudson,
J. I. (1992). Valproate in the treatment of bipolar
disorder: Literature review and clinical guidelines.
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 12, 428-528.

McEwen, B. S. (1998). Protective and damaging effects of
stress mediators. New England Journal of Medicine,
338, 171B179.
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

McEwen, B. S., & Magarinos, A. M. (1997). Stress effects
on morphology and function of the hippocampus. Annals
of the New York Academy of Sciences, 821, 271-284.

McFarlane, A. C., & Yehuda, R. (1996). Resilience,
vulnerablity, and the course of post-traumatic reactions.
In B. A. van der Kolk, A. C. McFarlane, & L. Weisath
(Eds.), Traumatic stress: The effects of overwhelming
experience on mind, body and society (pp. 155-181).
New York: Guilford Press.

McFarlane, W. R. (1997). Family psychoeducation: Basic
concepts and innovative applications. In S. W.
Henggeler & A. B. Santos (Eds.), Innovative
approaches for difficult-to-treat populations (pp.
211-238). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Press.

McFarlane, W. R., Lukens, E., Link, B., Dushay, R.,
Deakins, S. A., Newmark, M., Dunne, E. J., Horen, B.,
& Toran, J. (1995). Multiple-family groups and
psychoeducation in the treatment of schizophrenia.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 679-687.

McGuffin, P., Owen, M. J., & Farmer, A. E. (1995). Genetic
basis of schizophrenia. Lancet, 346, 678-682.

McGuire, P. K., Quested, D. J., Spence, S. A., Murray, R.
M., Frith, C. D., & Liddle, P. F. (1998).
Pathophysiology of “positive” thought disorder in
schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 173,
231-235. oe

McInnis, M. G., McMahon, F. J., Chase, G. A., Simpson, S.
G., Ross, C. A., & DePaulo, J. R. (1993). Anticipation
in bipolar affective disorder. American Journal of
Human Genetics, 53, 385-390.

McLeod, J. D., & Kessler, R. C. (1990). Socioeconomic
status differences in vulnerability to undesirable life
events. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 31,
162-172.

Mead, S. (1997). Stepping stone crisis respite program. NEC
Newsletter, 10.

Mechanic, D. (1998). Cultural and organizational aspects of
application of the Americans With Disabilities Act to
persons with psychiatric disabilities. Milbank Quarterly,
76, 5-23.

Medalia, A., Aluma, M., Tryon, W., & Merriam, A. E.
(1998). Effectiveness of attention training in
schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 147-152.

Mednick, S. A., Machon, R. A., Huttunen, M. O., & Bonett,
D. (1988). Adult schizophrenia following prenatal

exposure to an influenza epidemic. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 45, 189-192.

Meltzer, H. Y. (1997). Treatment-resistant
schizophrenia—The role of clozapine. Current Medical
Research Opinion, 14, 1-20.

Mendlewicz, J., & Rainer, J. D. (1977). Adoption study
supporting genetic transmission in manic-depressive
illness. Nature, 268, 327-329.

Meredith, L. S., Wells, K. B., & Camp, P. (1994). Clinician
specialty and treatment style for depressed outpatients
with and without medical comorbidities. Archives of
Family Medicine, 3, 1065-1072.

~ Meredith, L. S., Wells, K. B., Kaplan, S. H., & Mazel, R. M.

316

(1996). Counseling typically provided for depression.
Role of clinician specialty and payment system. Archives
of General Psychiatry, 53, 905-912.

Merikangas, K. R., Mehta, R. L., Molnar, B. E., Walters, E.
E., Swendsen, J. D., Aguilar-Gaziola, S., Bijl, R.,
Borges, G., Caraveo-Anduaga, J. J., Dewit, D. J.,
Kolody, B., Vega, W. A., Wittchen, H. U., & Kessler, R.
C. (1998). Comorbidity of substance use disorders with
mood and anxiety disorders: Results of the international
consortium in psychiatric epidemiology. Addictive
Behaviors, 23, 893-907.

Meterissian, G. B., & Bradwejn, J. (1989). Comparative
studies on the efficacy of psychotherapy,
pharmacotherapy, and their combination in depression:
Was adequate pharmacotherapy provided? Journal of
Clinical Psychopharmacology, 9, 334-339.

Miller, D. D. (1996). Schizophrenia: Its etiology and impact.
Pharmacotherapy, 16, 2-5.

Miller, I. W., Norman, W. H., & Keitner, G. I. (1990).
Treatment response of high cognitive dysfunction
depressed inpatients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 31,
62-71.

Miller, L., & Miller, L. (1997). A.N.G.E.L.S., Inc.: A
consumer-run supported employment agency.
Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 21, 160-163.

Miner, C. R., Rosenthal, R. N., Hellerstein, D. J., & Muenz,
L. R. (1997). Prediction of compliance with outpatient
referral in patients with schizophrenia and psychoactive
substance use disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry,
54, 706-712.

Miranda, J., Azocar, F., Komaromy, M., & Golding, J. M.
(1998). Unmet mental health needs of women in public-
sector gynecologic clinics. American Journal of
Obstetrics and Gynecology, 178, 212-217.
Miranda, J., & Green, B. L. (1999). The need for mental
health services research focusing on poor young women.
Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 2,
73-89.

Mischel, W., & Shoda, Y. (1998). Reconciling processing
dynamics and personality dispositions. Annual Review
of Psychology, 49, 229-258.

Mitchell, A. J. (1998). The role of corticotropin releasing
factor in depressive illness: A critical review.
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 22,635-65}.

Moller, H. J., & von Zerssen, D. (1995). Course and
outcome of schizophrenia. In S. R. Hirsch & D. R.
Weinberger (Eds.), Schizophrenia (pp. 106-127).
London: Blackwell Science.

Monking, H. S. (1994). Self-help groups for families of
schizophrenia patients. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatry
Epidemiology, 29, 149-154.

Montgomery, S. A., Dufour, H., Brion, S., Gailledreau, J.,
Laqueille, X., Ferrey, G., Moron, P., Parant-Lucena, N.,
Singer, L., Danion, J. M., Beuzen, J. N., & Pierredon,
M. A. (1988). The prophylactic efficacy of fluoxetine in
unipolar depression. British Journal of Psychiatry.
Supplement, 69-76. ,

Morrissey, J., Calloway, M., Bartko, T., Ridgely, M. S.,
Goldman, H., & Paulson, R. (1994). Mental health
authorities and service system change from the RWJ
PCMI. Milbank Quarterly, 72,49-80.

Mosher, L. R. (1999). Soteria and other alternatives to acute
psychiatric hospitalization: A personal and professional
review. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 187,
142-149.

Mosher, L. R., & Menn, A. (1978). Community residential
treatment for schizophrenia: Two year follow-up.
Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 29, 715-723.

Mowbray, C. T., Leff, S., Warren, R., McCrohan, N. M., &
Bybee, D. (1997). Enhancing vocational outcomes for
persons with psychiatric disabilities: A new paradigm. In
S. W. Henggeler & A. B. Santos (Eds.), Innovative
approaches for difficult-to-treat populations (pp.
311-350). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Press.

Mowbray, C. T., Moxley, D. P., Thrasher, S., Bybee, D.,

_ McCrohan, N., Harris, S., & Clover, G. (1996).
Consumers as community support providers: Issues
created by role innovation. Community Mental Health
Journal, 32, 47-67.

Adults and Mental Health

Mowbray, C. T., Solomon, M., Ribisl, K. M., Ebejer, M.A.,
Deiz, N., Brown, W., Bandla, H., Luke, D. A.
Davidson, W. S., Jr.,, & Herman, S. (1995). Treatment
for mental illness and substance abuse in a public
psychiatric hospital. Successful strategies and
challenging problems. Journal of Substance Abuse
Treatment, 12, 129-139.

Mowbray, C. T., & Tan, C. (1993). Consumer-operated
drop-in centers: Evaluation of operations and impact.
Journal of Mental Health Administration, 20, 8-19.

_ Mueser, K. T., Bond, G. R., Drake, R. E., & Resnick, S. G.

317

(1998a). Models of community care for severe mental
illness: A review of research on case management.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 37-74.

Mueser, K. T., Drake R. D., & Miles K. M. (1997a). The
course and treatment of substance use disorders in
persons with severe mental illnesses. NIDA Research
Monograph, 172, 86-109.

Mueser, K. T., Drake, R. E., & Bond, G. R. (1997b). Recent
advances in psychiatric rehabilitation for patients with
severe mental illness. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 5,
123-137.

Mueser, K. T., Drake, R. E., & Wallach, M. A. (1998b).
Dual diagnosis: A review of etiological theories.
Addictive Behaviors, 23, 717-734.

Mueser, K. T., Yarnold, P. R., Levinson, D. F., Singh, H.,
Bellack, A. S., Kee, K., Morrison, R. L., & Yadalam, K.
G. (1990). Prevalence of substance abuse in
schizophrenia: Demographic and clinical correlates.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 16, 31-56.

Mukherjee, S., Sackeim, H. A., & Schnur, D. B. (1994).
Electroconvulsive therapy of acute manic episodes: A
review of 50 years’ experience. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 151, 169-176.

Munoz, R. F., Hollon, S. D., McGrath, E., Rehm, L. P., &
VandenBos, G. R. (1994). On the AHCPR depression in
primary care guidelines. Further considerations for
practitioners. American Psychologist, 49, 42-61.

Munoz, R. F., Ying, Y. W., Bernal, G., Perez-Stable, E. J.,
Sorensen, J. L., Hargreaves, W. A., Miranda, J., &
Miller, L. S. (1995). Prevention of depression with
primary care patients: A randomized controlled trial.
American Journal of Community Psychology, 23,
199-222.

Murray, C. J., & Lopez, A.D. (1996). Evidence-based health
policy—lessons from the Global Burden of Disease
Study. Science, 274, 740-743.
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

Murray, P. (1996). Recovery, Inc., as an adjunct to treatment
in an era of managed care. Psychiatric Services, 47,
1378-1381.

Murray, R. M., Jones, P., O'Callaghan, E., Takei, N., &
Sham, P. (1992). Genes, viruses
neurodevelopmental schizophrenia.
Psychiatric Research, 26, 225-235.

Murray, R. M., & Lewis, S. W. (1987), Is schizophrenia a
neurodevelopmental disorder? British Medical Journal
(Clinical Research Ed.), 295, 681-682.

Myers, E. D., & Branthwaite, A. (1992). Out-patient
compliance with antidepressant medication. British
Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 83-86.

and
Journal of

Myhrman, A., Rantakallio, P., Isohanni, M.., Jones, P., & ©

Partanen, U. (1996). Unwantedness of a pregnancy and
schizophrenia in the child. British Journal of Psychiatry,
169, 637-640. ,

Nakamura, M., Inoue, A., Hemmi, H., & Suzuki, J. (1995).
Positive associations between dopamine D4 receptor
polymorphism and schizophrenia. A study on two
schizophrenic groups with loading. and unloading.
Proceedings of the Japan Academy Series B-Physical
and Biological Sciences, 71, 214-243.

Narrow, W. E., Regier, D. A., Rae, D. S., Manderscheid, R.
W., & Locke, B. Z. (1993). Use of services by persons
with mental and addictive disorders. Findings from the
National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic
Catchment Area program. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 50, 95-107.

Nathan, P. J. (1999). The experimental and clinical
pharmacology of St. John's Wort (Hypericum
perforatum L.). Molecular Psychiatry, 4, 333-388.

National Institute of Mental Health. (1998). Genetics and
mental disorders: Report of the National Institute of
Mental Health's genetics workgroup. Rockville, MD:
Author.

National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research.
(1992). Strategies to secure and maintain employment
for people with long-term mental illness. Washington,
DC: Author.

National Institutes of Health, & National Institute of Mental
Health. (1985). Consensus conference. Electrocon-
vulsive therapy. Journal of the American Medical
Association, 254, 2103-2108.

National Resource Center on Homelessness and Mental
Illness. (1989). Self-help programs for people who are
homeless and mentally ill. Delmar, NY: Policy Research
Associates.

318

Nazroo, J. Y., Edwards, A. C., & Brown, G. W. (1997).
Gender differences in the onset of depression following
a shared life event: A study of couples. Psychological
Medicine, 27, 9-19.

Neborsky, R., Janowsky, D., Munson, E., & Depry, D.
(1981). Rapid treatment of acute psychotic symptoms
with high- and low-dose haloperidol. Behavioral
considerations. Archives of General Psychiatry, 38,
195-199.

Nelson, G., Hall, G. B., & Walsh-Bowers, R. (1998). The
relationship between housing characteristics, emotional
well-being and the personal empowerment of psychiatric
consumer/survivors. Community Mental Health, 34,
57-69.

Nelson, J. C. (1994). Are the SSRI's really better tolerated
than the TCA‘s for treatment of major depression?
Psychiatric Annals, 24, 628-631.

Nemeroff, C. B. (1992). New vistas in neuropeptide research
in neuropsychiatry: Focus on corticotropin-releasing
factor. Neuropsychopharmacology, 6, 69-75.

Nemeroff, C. B. (1998). Psychopharmacology of affective
disorders in the 21st century. Biological Psychiatry, 44,
517-525.

Newman, S. J., Reschovsky, J. D., Kaneda, K., & Hendrick,
A. M. (1994). The effects of independent living on
persons with chronic mental illness: An assessment of
the Section 8 certificate program. Milbank Quarterly,
72, 171-198.

Nierenberg, A. A., Feighner, J. P., Rudolph, R., Cole, J. O.,
& Sullivan, J. (1994). Venlafaxine for treatment-
resistant unipolar depression. Journal of Clinical
Psychopharmacology, 14, 419-423.

Nierenberg, A. A., McLean, N. E., Alpert, J. E.,
Worthington, J. J., Rosenbaum, J. F., & Fava, M.
(1995). Early nonresponse to fluoxetine as a predictor of
poor 8-week outcome. American Journal of Psychiatry,
152, 1500-1503.

Nierenberg, A. A., & White, K. (1990). What next? A review
of pharmacologic strategies for treatment resistant
depression. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 26,429-460.

Nikkel, R. E., Smith, G., & Edwards, D. (1992). A
consumer-operated case management project. Hospital
and Community Psychiatry, 43, 577-579.

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Larson, J., & Grayson, C. (in press).
Explaining the gender difference in depressive
symptoms. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology.
Noordsy, D. L., Schwab, B., Fox, L., & Drake, R. E. (1996).
The role of self-help programs in the rehabilitation of
persons with severe mental iliness.and substance use
disorders. Community Mental Health Journal, 32,
71-81.

Nopoulos, P., Flaum, M., & Andreasen, N. C. (1997). Sex
differences in brain morphology in schizophrenia.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 1648-1654.

Norman, R. M., & Malla, A. K. (1995). Prodromal symptoms
of relapse in schizophrenia: A review. Schizophrenia
Bulletin, 21, 527-539.

Nowotny, B., Hafner, H. & Loffler, W. (1996). [How the
onset of schizophrenia breaks into the social
development]. Zeitschrift Fur Klinische Psychologie-
Forschung Und Praxis, 25, 208-220.

Nuechterlein, K. H., Dawson, M. E., Ventura, J., Gitlin, M.,
Subotnik, K. L., Snyder, K. S., Mintz, J., & Bartzokis,
G. (1994). The vulnerability/stress model of
schizophrenic relapse: A longitudinal study. Acta
Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum, 382, 58-64.

Nutt, D. J., Bell, C. J., & Malizia, A. L. (1998). Brain
mechanisms of social anxiety disorder. Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry, 59(Suppl. 17), 4-11.

Olfson, M., & Klerman G. L. (1992). The treatment of
depression: Prescribing practices of primary care
physicians and psychiatrists. Journal of Family Practice,
35, 627-635.

Olfson, M., & Klerman, G. L. (1993). Trends in the
prescription of antidepressants by ’ office-based
psychiatrists. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150,
571-577.

Olie, J. P., & Bayle, F. J. (1997). [New chemotherapy
approaches to psychoses]. Encephale, 23, 2-9.

Onstad, S., Skre, I, Torgersen, S., & Kringlen, E. (1991).
Subtypes of schizophrenia—evidence from a twin-
family study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 84,
203-206.

Owen, C., Rutherford, V., Jones, M., Wright, C., Tennant,
C., & Smallman, A. (1996). Housing accommodation
preferences of people with psychiatric disabilities.
Psychiatric Services, 47, 628-632.

Pande, A. C., & Sayler, M. E. (1993). Severity of depression
and response to fluoxetine. International Clinical
Psychopharmacology, 8, 243-245.

Patterson, T. L., Klapow, J. C., Eastham, J. H., Heaton, R.
K., Evans, J. D., Koch, W. L., & Jeste, D. V. (1998).
Correlates of functional status in older patients with
schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 80, 41-52.

319

Adults and Mental Health

Patterson, T. L., Semple, S. J., Shaw, W. S., Halpain, M..
Moscona, S., Grant, I., & Jeste, D. V. (1997). Self-
reported social functioning among older patients with
schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 27, 199-210.

Pearce, J., Hawton, K., & Blake, F. (1995). Psychological
and sexual symptoms associated with the menopause
and the effects of hormone replacement therapy. British
Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 163-173.

Pearlstein, T., Rosen, K., & Stone, A. B. (1997). Mood
disorders and menopause. Endocrinology and
Metabolism Clinics of North America, 26, 279-294.

Peet, M. (1994). Induction of mania with selective serotonin
re-uptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. British
Journal of Psychiatry, 164, 549-550.

Penn, D. L., & Mueser, K. T. (1996). Research update on the
psychosocial treatment of schizophrenia. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 607-617.

Peralta, V., & Cuesta, M. J. (1998). Factor structure and
clinical validity of completing models of positive
symptoms in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry, 44,
107-114.

Perry, P. J., Sanger, T., & Beasley, C. (1997). Olanzapine
plasma concentrations and clinical response in acutely ill
schizophrenic patients. Journal of Clinical

" Psychopharmacology, 17, 472-477.

Persons, J. B., Thase, M. E., & Crits-Christoph, P. (1996).
The role of psychotherapy in the treatment of
depression: Review of two practice guidelines. Archives
of General Psychiatry, 53, 283-290.

Peselow, E. D., Filippi, A. M., Goodnick, P., Barouche, F.,
& Fieve, R. R. (1989). The short- and long-term efficacy
of paroxetine HCl: B. Data from a double-blind
crossover study and from a year-long term trial vs.
imipramine and placebo. Psychopharmacology Bulletin,
25, 272-276.

Phelan, J. C., Bromet, E., & Link, B. (1998). Psychiatric
ilIness and family stigma. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24,
115-126.

Phillips, K. A. (1991). Body dysmorphic disorder: The
distress of imagined ugliness. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 148, 1138-1 149.

Pitman, R. K., Green, R. C., Jenike, M. A., & Mesulam, M.
M. (1987). Clinical comparison of Tourette's disorder
and obsessive compulsive disorder. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 144, 1166-1171.
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

Placidi, G. F., Lenzi, A., Lazzerini, F., Cassano, G. B., &
Akiskal, H. S. (1986). The comparative efficacy and
safety of carbamazepine versus lithium: A randomized,
double-blind 3-year trial in 83 patients. Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry, 47, 490-494.

Plotsky, P. M., Owens, M. J., & Nemeroff, C. B. (1995).
Neuropeptide alterations in mood disorders. In F. E.
Bloom & D. J. Kupfer (Eds.), Psychopharmacology:
The fourth generation of progress (pp. 971-981). New
York: Raven Press.

Polak, P., & Warner, R. (1996). The economic life of
seriously mentally ill people in the community.
Psychiatric Services, 47, 270-274.

Polusny, M. A., & Follette, V. M. (1995). Long-term
correlates of child sexual abuse: Theory and review of
empirical literature. Applied and Preventive Psychology,
4, 143-166. .

Portin, P., & Alanen, Y. O. (1997). A critical review of
genetic studies of schizophrenia. II. Molecular genetic
studies. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 95, 73-80.

Portin, P., & Alanen, Y. O. (1998). Perinatal complications,
genetic risk and schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica
Scandinavica, 97, 382-383.

Post, R. M. (1990). Non-lithium treatment for bipolar
disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 51(Suppl.),
9-16.

Post, R. M. (1992). Transduction of psychosocial stress into
the neurobiology of recurrent affective disorder.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 999-1010.

Post, R. M., Leverich, G. S., Altshuler, L., & Mikalauskas,
K. (1992). Lithium-discontinuation-induced
refractoriness: Preliminary observations. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 1727-1729.

Potter, W. Z., & Rudorfer, M. V. (1993). Electroconvulsive
therapy—a modern medical procedure [editorial]. New
England Journal of Medicine, 328, 882-883.

Potter, W. Z., Rudorfer, M. V., & Manji, H. (1991). The
pharmacologic treatment of depression. New England
Journal of Medicine, 325, 633-642.

Powell, T. J. (Ed.). (1994). Understanding the self-help
organization: Frameworks and findings. Thousand
Oaks, CA: Sage.

Preskorn, S. H. (1995). Comparison of the tolerability of
bupropion, fluoxetine, imipramine, nefazodone,
paroxetine, sertraline, and venlafaxine. Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry, 56(Suppl. 6), 12-21.

320

Preskorn, S. H., & Burke, M. (1992). Somatic therapy for
major depressive disorder:
antidepressant.
53(Suppl.), 5-18.

Preti, A., Miotto, P., & Zen, T. (1998). Perinatal
complications, genetic risk and schizophrenia [Letter].
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 97, 381-383.

Priebe, S., Warner, R., Hubschmid, T., & Eckle, I. (1998).
Employment, attitudes toward work, and quality of life
among people with schizophrenia in three countries.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 469-477.

Prien, R. F., & Kocsis, J. H. (1995). Long-term treatment of
mood disorders. In F. E. Bloom & D. J. Kupfer (Eds.),
Psychopharmacology: The fourth generation of
progress (pp. 1067-1079). New York: Raven Press.

Prien, R. F., & Kupfer, D. J. (1986). Continuation drug
therapy for major depressive episodes: How long should
it be maintained? American Journal of Psychiatry, 143,
18-23.

Prien, R. F., Kupfer, D. J., Mansky, P. A., Smail, J. G.,
Tuason, V. B., Voss, C. B., & Johnson, W. E. (1984).
Drug therapy in the prevention of recurrences in
unipolar and bipolar affective disorders. Report of the
NIMH Collaborative Study Group comparing lithium
carbonate, imipramine, and a lithium carbonate-—
imipramine combination. Archives of General Psychia-
try, 41, 1096-1104.

Quitkin, F. M., McGrath, P. J., Stewart, J. W., Ocepek-
Welikson, K., Taylor, B. P., Nunes, E., Deliyannides,
D., Agosti, V., Donovan, S. J., Petkova, E., & Klein, D.
F. (1996). Chronological milestones to guide drug
change. When should clinicians switch antidepressants?
Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 785-192.

Quitkin, F. M., Stewart, J. W., McGrath, P. J., Nunes, E.,
Ocepek-Welikson, K., Tricamo, E., Rabkin, J. G., Ross,
D., & Klein, D. F. (1993a). Loss of drug effects during
continuation therapy. American Journal of Psychiatry,
150, 562-565.

Quitkin, F. M., Stewart, J. W., McGrath, P. J., Tricamo, E.,
Rabkin, J. G., Ocepek-Welikson, K., Nunes, E.,
Harrison, W., & Klein, D. F. (1993b). Columbia atypical
depression. A subgroup of depressives with better
response to MAOI than to tricyclic antidepressants or
placebo. British Journal of Psychiatry. Supplement 21,
30-34.

Selection of an

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry,
Rabins, P. V., Black, B., German, P., Roca, R., McGuire, M.,
Brant, L., & Cook, J. (1996). The prevalence of
psychiatric disorders in elderly residents of public
housing. Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological
Sciences and Medical Sciences, 51, M319-M324.

Ramirez, L. F. (1996). Ethnicity and psychopharmacology in
Latin America. Mt. Sinai Journal of Medicine, 63,
330-331.

Randolph, F., Blasinsky, M., Leginski, W., Parker, L. B., &
Goldman, H. H. (1997). Creating integrated service
systems for homeless persons with mental illness: The
ACCESS Program. Access to community care and
effective services and supports. Psychiatric Services, 48,
369-373.

Rantakallio, P., Jones, P., Moring, J.. & Von Wendt, L.
(1997). Association between central nervous system
infections during childhood and adult onset
schizophrenia and other psychoses: A 28-year follow-
up. International Journal of Epidemiology, 26, 837-843.

Rauch, S. L., Savage, C. R., Alpert, N. M., Miguel, E. C.,
Baer, L., Breiter, H. C., Fischman, A. J., Manzo, P.A.,
Moretti, C., & Jenike, M. A: (1995). A positron
emission tomographic study of simple phobic symptom
provocation. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52,20-28.

Regier, D. A., Farmer, M. E., Rae, D. S., Locke, B. Z., Keith,
S. J., Judd, L. L., & Goodwin, F. K. (1990).
Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other
drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment
Area (ECA) Study. Journal of the American Medical
Association, 264, 2511-2518.

Regier, D. A., Hirschfeld, R. M., Goodwin, F. K., Burke, J.
D., Jr., Lazar, J. B., & Judd, L. L. (1988). The NIMH
Depression Awareness, Recognition, and Treatment
Program: Structure, aims, and scientific basis. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 1351-1357.

Regier, D. A., Narrow, W.E., Rae, D. S., Manderscheid, R.
W., Locke, B. Z., & Goodwin, F. K. (1993). The de
facto US mental and addictive disorders service system.
Epidemiologic Catchment Area prospective 1-year
prevalence rates of disorders and services. Archives of
General Psychiatry, 50, 85-94.

Regier, D. A., Rae, D. S., Narrow, W.E., Kaelber, C. T., &
Schatzberg, A. F. (1998). Prevalence of anxiety
disorders and their comorbidity with mood and addictive
disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry. Supplement, 34,
24-28.

321

Adults and Mental Health

Reidy, D. E. (1993). Stigma is social death: Mental health
consumers/survivors talk about stigma in their lives.
Unpublished manuscript. Education for Community
Initiatives, 187 High Street, Suite 303, Holyoke, MA
01040; (413)533-3584.

Ribeyre, J. M, & Dollfus, S. (1996). [Stability of

positive/negative symptoms in
Encephale, 22, 29-31.

Ridgely, M. S., Goldman, H. H., & Willenbring, M. (1990).
Barriers to the care of persons with dual diagnoses:
Organizational and financing issues. Schizophrenia
Bulletin, 16, 123-132.

Ridgely, M., Morrissey, J., Paulson, R., Goldman, H., &
Calloway, M. (1996). Characteristics and activities of
case managers in the RWJ Foundation Program on
chronic mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 47,
731-743.

Rifkin, A., Doddi, S., Karajgi, B., Borenstein, M., &
Wachspress, M. (1991). Dosage of haloperidol for
schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48,
166-170.

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (1990). Public attitudes
toward people with chronic mental illnesses. Boston:

- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Program on Chronic
Mental Iilnesses.

Robins, L. N., & Regier, D. A. (1991). Psychiatric disorders
in America: The Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study.
New York: Free Press.

Rogan, M. T., & LeDoux, J. E. (1996). Emotion: Systems,
cells, synaptic plasticity. Cell, 85, 469-475.

Roose, S. P., Glassman, A. H., Attia, E., & Woodring, S.
(1994). Comparative efficacy of selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitors and tricyclics in the treatment of
melancholia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151,
1735-1739.

Roper Organization. (1986). Roper report. New York:
Author.

Rosenbach, M. L., Hermann, R. C., & Dorwart, R. A.
(1997). Use of electroconvulsive therapy in the
Medicare population between 1987 and 1992.
Psychiatric Services, 48, 1537-1542.

Rosenheck, R. A. (1999). Principles for priority setting in
mental health services and their implications for the least
well off. Psychiatric Services, 50, 653-658.

schizophrenia. ]
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

Rosenheck, R., Cramer, J., Allan, E., Erdos, J., Frisman, L.
K., Xu, W., Thomas, J., Henderson, W., & Charney, D.
(1999). Cost-effectiveness of clozapine in patients with
high and low levels of hospital use. Department of
Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Clozapine
in Refractory Schizophrenia. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 56, 565-572.

Rosenheck, R., Cramer, J., Xu, W., Thomas, J., Henderson,
W., Frisman, L., Fye, C., & Charney, D. (1997). A
comparison of clozapine and haloperidol in hospitalized
patients with refractory schizophrenia. Department of
Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Clozapine
in Refractory Schizophrenia. New England Journal of
Medicine, 337, 809-815.

Rosenheck, R., Morrissey, J., Lan, J., Calloway, M.,

Johnsen, M., Goldman, H., Randolph, F., Blasinsky, M..,
Fontana, A., Calsyn, R., & Teague, G. (1998a). Service
system integration, access to services, and housing
outcomes in a program for homeless persons with severe
mental illness. American Journal of Public Health, 88,
1610-1615.

Rosenheck, R., Tekell, J., Peters, J., Cramer, J., Fontana, A..,
Xu, W., Thomas, J., Henderson, W., & Charney, D.
(1998b). Does participation in psychosocial treatment
augment the benefit of clozapine? Department of
Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Clozapine
in Refractory Schizophrenia. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 55, 618-625. :

Rosnow, M., & Rucker, P. (1985). Listening to the homeless:
A study of homeless mentally ill people in Milwaukee.
Milwaukee, WI: Wisconsin Office of Mental Health.

Rost, K., Smith, G., Mathews, D., & Guise, B. (1994). The
deliberate misdiagnosis of major depression in primary
care, Archives of Family Medicine, 3, 333-337.

Rothbart, M. K., & Ahadi, S. A. (1994). Temperament and
the development of personality. Journal of Abnormal
Psychology, 103, 55-66.

Rowland, R. R., Gilliland, C., & Moxley, D. P. (1993). A
consumer-initiated job search training program. Journal
of Rehabilitation, 59, 61-66.

Roy, M. A., & DeVriendt, X. (1994). [Positive and negative
symptoms in schizophrenia: A current overview].
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 39, 407-414.

Rudorfer, M. V., Henry, M. E., & Sackheim, H. A. (1997).
Electroconvulsive therapy. In A. Tasman, J. Kay, & J.
A. Lieberman (Eds.), Psychiatry (pp. 1535-1556).
Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.

322

Ruiz, S., Chu, P., Sramek, J., Rotavu, E., & Herrera, J.
(1996). Neuroleptic dosing in Asian and Hispanic
outpatients with schizophrenia. Mt. Sinai Journal of
Medicine, 63, 306-309.

Rush, A. J., Stewart, R. S., Garver, D. L., & Waller, D. A.
(1998). Neurobiological bases for psychiatric disorders.

‘In R.N. Rosenberb & D. E. Pleasure (Eds.),
Comprehensive neurology (2nd ed., pp. 555-603). New -
York: John Wiley and Sons.

Russo, J., Vitaliano, P. P., Brewer, D. D., Katon, W., &
Becker, J. (1995). Psychiatric disorders in spouse
caregivers of care recipients with Alzheimer's disease
and matched controls: A diathesis-stress model of
psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,
104, 197-204.

Ryglewicz, H., & Glynn, L. (1993). Project change revisited:
An experiment in entry or reentry into college.
Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 17, 69-81.

Sachs, G. S., Lafer, B., Stoll, A. L., Banov, M., Thibault, A.
B., Tohen, M., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (1994). A double-
blind trial of bupropion versus desipramine for bipolar
depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55,391-393.,

‘Sackeim, H. A. (1994). Continuation therapy following ECT:

Directions for future research. Psychopharmacology
Bulletin, 30, 501-521.

Sackeim, H. A., Prudic, J., Devanand, D. P., Kiersky, J. E.,
Fitzsimons, L., Moody, B. J., McElhiney, M. C.,
Coleman, E. A., & Settembrino, J. M. (1993). Effects of
stimulus intensity and electrode placement on the
efficacy and cognitive effects of electroconvulsive
therapy. New England Journal of Medicine, 328,
839-846.

Salzman, C. (1998). St. John’s wort. Harvard Review of
Psychiatry, 5, 333-335.

Sapolsky, R. M. (1996). Stress, glucocorticoids, and damage
to the nervous system: The current state of confusion.
Stress, 1, 1-19.

Saraceno, B., & Barbui, C. (1997). Poverty and mental
illness. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 285-290.

Sautter, F. J., McDermott, B. E., Cornwell, J., Johnson, J.,
Borges, A., Wilson, A. F., Vasterling, J. J., & Foundas,
A. L. (1995). A preliminary study of the
neuropsychological heterogeneity of familial
schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 18, 1-7.

Schatzberg, A. F., & Rothschild, A. J. (1992). Psychotic
(delusional) major depression: Should it be included as
a distinct syndrome in DSM-IV? American Journal of
Psychiatry, 149, 733-745.
Scheid, T. L. (1998). The Americans With Disabilities Act,
mental disability, and employment practices. Journal of
Behavioral Health Services Research, 25, 312-324.

Schone, W., & Ludwig, M. (1993). A double-blind study of
paroxetine compared with fluoxetine in geriatric patients
with major depression. Journal of Clinical
Psychopharmacology, 1 3, 348-398.

Schou, M. (1989). Lithium prophylaxis: Myths and realities.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 573-576.

Schulberg, H. C., Madonia M., Block M., Coulehan, J. L.,
Scott, C. P., Rodriguez, E., & Black, A. (1995). Major
depression in primary care practice: Clinical
characteristics and treatment
Psychosomatics, 36, 129-137. ;

Schultz, S. K., Miller, D. D., Oliver, S.E., Arndt, S., Flaum,
M., & Andreasen, N. C. (1997). The life course of
schizophrenia: Age and symptom dimensions.
Schizophrenia Research, 23, 15-23.

Schutt, R. K., & Goldfinger, S. M. (1996). Housing
preferences and perceptions of health and functioning
among homeless mentally ill persons. Psychiatric
Services, 47, 381-386.

Schwarzkopf, S. B., Nasrallah, H. A., Olson, S.C., Bogerts,
B., McLaughlin, J. A., & Mitra, T. (1991). Family
history and brain morphology in schizophrenia: An MRI
study. Psychiatry Research, 40, 49-60.

Scott J. (1992). Chronic depression: Can cognitive therapy
succeed when other treatments fail? Behavioral
Psychotherapy, 20, 25-36.

Scott, J., & Dixon, L. (1995a). Psychological interventions
for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21,621-630.

Scott, J. E., & Dixon, L. B. (1995b). Assertive Community
Treatment and case management for schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 657-668.

Sederer, L. I., & Dickey, B. (1995). Acute and chronic
psychiatric care: Establishing boundaries. Psychiatric
Quarterly, 66, 263-274.

Sedlak, A. J., & Broadhurst, D. D. (1996). Executive
summary of the third national incidence study of child
abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services, Administration for
Children and Families, National Center for Child Abuse

- and Neglect.

Seilheimer, T. A., & Doyal, G. T. (1996). Self-efficacy and
consumer satisfaction with housing. Community Mental
Health Journal, 32, 549-559.

implications.

Adults and Mental Health

Selemon, L. D., Rajkowska, G., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S.
(1998), Elevated neuronal density in prefrontal area 46
in brains from schizophrenic patients: Application of a
three-dimensional, stereologic counting method. Journal
of Comparative Neurology, 392, 402-412.

Seligman, M. E. (1991). Learned optimism. New York:
Alfred A. Knopf.

Seligman, M. E. (1995). The effectiveness of psychotherapy.
The Consumer Reports study. American Psychologist,
50, 965-974.

_ Selye, H. (1956). The stress of life. New York: McGraw-

323

Hill.

Serretti, A., Macciardi, F., Cusin,C., Lattuada, E., Lilli, R.,
& Smeraldi, E. (1998). Dopamine receptor D4 gene is
associated with delusional symptomatology in mood
disorders. Psychiatry Research, 80, 129-136.

Shapiro, D. R., Quitkin, F. M., & Fleiss, J. L. (1989).
Response to maintenance therapy in bipolar illness.
Effect of index episode. Archives of: General Psychiatry,
46, 401-405.

Shear, M. K. (1995). Psychotherapeutic issues in long-term
treatment of anxiety disorder patients. Psychiatric
Clinics of North America, 18, 885-894.

Sheehan, D. V., Ballenger, J., & Jacobsen, G. (1980).
Treatment of endogenous anxiety with phobic,
hysterical, and hypochondriacal symptoms. Archives of
General Psychiatry, 37, 51-59.

Sheline, Y. I. (1996). Hippocampal atrophy in major
depression: A result of depression-induced
neurotoxicity? Molecular Psychiatry, 1, 298-299.

Shenton, M. E., Kikinis, R., Jolesz, F. A., Pollak, S. D.,
LeMay, M., Wible, C. G., Hokama, H., Martin, J.,
Metcalf, D., Coleman, M., & McCarley, R. W. (1992).
Abnormalities of the left temporal lobe and thought
disorder in schizophrenia: A quantitative magnetic
resonance imaging study. New England Journal of
Medicine, 327, 604-612.

Shern, D., Wilson, N., Coen, D., Patrick, M., Foster, D.,
Bartsch, D., & Demmler, J. (1994). Client outcomes. II:
Longitudinal data from the Colorado Treatment
Outcomes study. Milbank Quarterly, 72, 123-148.

Shore, D. (1998). Recent developments in atypical
antipsychotic medications. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24,
33.

Shore, M., & Cohen, M. (1990). The Robert Wood Johnson
Program on chronic mental illness: An overview.
Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 1, 1212-1216.
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General

Shore, M., & Cohen, M. (1994). Introduction. Milbank
Quarterly, 72, 31-35.

Shrivastava, R. K., Cohn, C., Crowder, J., Davidson, J.,
Dunner, D., Feighner, J., Kiev, A., & Patrick, R. (1994).
Long-term safety and clinical acceptability. of
venlafaxine and imipramine in outpatients with major
depression. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacolgy, 14,
322-329.

Simon, G. E., & Von Korff, M. (1995). Recognition,
management, and outcomes of depression in primary
care. Archives of Family Medicine, 4, 99-105.

Simon, G. E., VonKorff, M., Wagner, E. H., & Barlow, W.
(1993). Patterns of antidepressant use in community
practice. General Hospital Psychiatry, 15, 399-408.

Simons, A. D., Murphy, G. E., Levine, J. L., & Wetzel, R. D.

(1986). Cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy for .

depression. Sustained improvement over one year.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 43-48.

Sisley, A., Jacobs, L. M., Poole, G., Campbell, S., &
Esposito, T. (1999). Violence in America: A public
health crisis—domestic violence. Journal of Trauma,
46, 1105-1112.

Small, J. G., Klapper, M. H., Kellams, J. J., Miller, M. J.,
Milstein, V., Sharpley, P. H., & Small, I. F. (1988).
Electroconvulsive treatment compared with lithium in
the management of manic states. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 45, 727-732.

Small, J. G., Klapper, M. H., Milstein, V., Kellams, J. J.,
Miller, M. J., Marhenke, J. D., & Small, I. F. (1991).
Carbamazepine compared with lithium in the treatment
of mania. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 915-921.

Smith, R. C., Chua, J. W., Lipetsker, B., & Bhattacharyya, A.
(1996a). Efficacy of risperidone in reducing positive and
negative symptoms in medication-refractory
schizophrenia: An open prospective study. Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry, 57, 460-466.

Smith, T. E., Bellack, A. S., & Liberman, R. P. (1996b).
Social skills training for schizophrenia: Review and
future directions. Clinical Psychology Review, 16,
599-617.

Smoller, J. W., & Tsuang, M. T. (1998). Panic and phobic
anxiety: Defining phenotypes for genetic studies.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 1152-1162.

Snowden, L. R. (in press). African American service use for
mental health problems. Journal of Community
Psychology.

324

Snowden, L. R., & Cheung, F. A. (1990). Use of inpatient
mental health services by members of ethnic minority
groups. American Psychologist, 45, 347-355.

Sohng, S. S. (1996). Supported housing for the mentally ill
elderly: Implementation and consumer choice.
Community Mental Health Journal, 32, 135-148.

Solomon, D. A., Keitner, G.-1., Miller, ]. W., Shea, M. T., &
Keller, M. B. (1995). Course of illness and maintenance
treatments for patients with bipolar disorder. Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry, 56, 5-13.

Solomon, P., & Draine, J. (1995). The efficacy of a
consumer case management team: 2-year outcomes of a
randomized trial. Journal of Mental Health
Administration, 22, 135-146. -

Soumerai, S. B., McLaughlin, T. J., Ross-Degnan, D.,
Casteris, C. S., & Bollini, P. (1994). Effects of a limit on
Medicaid drug-reimbursement benefits on the use of
psychotropic agents and acute mental health services by
patients with schizophrenia. New England Journal of
Medicine, 331, 650-655.

Spanier, C., Frank, E., McEachran, A. B., Grochocinski, V.
J., & Kupfer, D. J. (1996). The prophylaxis of
depressive episodes in recurrent depression following
discontinuation of drug therapy: Integrating
psychological and biological factors. Psychological
Medicine, 26, 461-475.

Spaulding, W. D. (1997). Cognitive models in a fuller
understanding of schizophrenia. Psychiatry, 60,
341-346.

Sperling, W., Barocka, A., Kalb, R., Suss, S., & Katalinic, A.
(1997). Influence of season on manifestation of
schizophrenic subtypes. Psychopathology, 30, 200-207.

Spiker, D. G. (1985). The pharmacological treatment of
delusional depression. American Journal of Psychiatry,
142, 430-436.

Spiker, D. G., & Kupfer, D. J. (1988). Placebo response rates
in psychotic and nonpsychotic depression. Journal of
Affective Disorders, 14, 21-23.

Srebnik, D., Livingston, J., Gordon, L., & King, D. (1995).
Housing choice and community success for individuals
with serious and persistent mental illness. Community
Mental Health Journal, 31, 139-152.

Stahl, S. M. (1996). Essential psychopharmacology:
Neuroscientific basis and clinical applications. New
York: Cambridge University Press.
Stanton, A. H., Gunderson, J. G., Knapp, P. H., Frank, A. F.,
Vannicelli, M. L., Schnitzer, R., & Rosenthal, R. (1984).
Effects of psychotherapy in schizophrenia: I. Design and
implementation of a controlled study. Schizophrenia
Bulletin, 10, 520-563.

Steffens, D. C., & Krishnan, K. R. (1998). Structural
neuroimaging and mood disorders: Recent findings,
implications for classification, and future directions.
Biological Psychiatry, 43, 705-712.

Stein, L. I, & Test, M. A. (1980). Alternative to mental
hospital treatment. I. Conceptual model, treatment
program, and clinical evaluation. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 37, 392-397.

Stewart, J. W., Quitkin, F. M., McGrath, P. J., Amsterdam,
J., Fava, M., Fawcett, J., Reimherr, F., Rosenbaum, J.,
Beasley, C., &:> Roback, P. (1998). Use of pattern
analysis to predict differential relapse of remitted
patients with major depression during 1 year of
treatment with fluoxetine or placebo. Archives of
General Psychiatry, 55, 334-343.

Strachan, A. M. (1986). Family intervention for the
rehabilitation of schizophrenia: Toward protection and
coping. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 12, 678-698.

Strakowski, S. M., Lonczak, H. S., Sax, K. W., West, S.A.,
Crist, A., Mehta, R., & Thienhaus, O. J. (1995). The
effects of race on diagnosis and disposition from a
psychiatric emergency service. Journal of Clinical
Psychiatry, 56, 101-107.

Straub, R. E., MacLean, C. J., Martin, R. B., Ma, Y.,
Myakishev, M. V., Harris-Kerr, C., Webb, B. T.,
O'Neill, F. A., Walsh, D., & Kendler, K. S. (1998). A
schizophrenia locus may be located in region 10p15-
pll. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 81,
296-301.

Stuppaeck, C. H., Geretsegger, C., Whitworth, A. B.,
Schubert, H., Platz, T., Konig, P., Hinterhuber, H., &
Fleischhacker, W. W. (1994). A multicenter double-
blind trial of paroxetine versus amitriptyline in
depressed inpatients. Journal of Clinical
Psychopharmacology, 14, 241-246.

Sullivan, G. M., Coplan, J. D., & Gorman, J. M. (1998).
Psychoneuroendocrinology of anxiety disorders.
Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 21, 397-412.

Suppes, T., Baldessarini, R. J., Faedda, G. L., Tondo, L., &
Tohen, M. (1993). Discontinuation of maintenance
treatment in bipolar disorder: Risks and implications.
Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 1, 131-144.

325

Adults and Mental Health

Suppes, T., McElroy, S. L., Gilbert, J., Dessain, E. C., &
Cole, J. O. (1992). Clozapine in the treatment of
dysphoric mania. Biological Psychiatry, 32, 270-280.

Susser, E., Hoek, H. W., & Brown, A. (1998).
Neurodevelopmental disorders after prenatal famine:
The story of the Dutch Famine Study. American Journal
of Epidemiology, 147, 213-216.

Susser, E., Neugebauer, R., Hoek, H. W., Brown, A. S., Lin,
S., Labovitz, D., & Gorman, J. M. (1996).
Schizophrenia after prenatal famine. Further evidence.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 25-31.

Susser, E. S., & Lin, S. P. (1992). Schizophrenia after
prenatal exposure to the Dutch Hunger Winter of
1944-1945. Archives. of General Psychiatry, 49,
983-988.

Svrakic, D. M., Whitehead, C., Przybeck, T. R., &
Cloninger, C. R. (1993). Differential diagnosis of
personality disorders by the seven-factor model of
temperament and character. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 50, 991-999.

Symonds, L. L., Olichney, J. M., Jernigan, T. L., Corey-
Bloom, J., Healy, J. F., & Jeste, D. V. (1997). Lack of
clinically significant gross structural abnormalities in

"MRIs of older patients with schizophrenia and related
psychoses. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical
Neurosciences, 9, 251-258.

Tanzman, B. (1993). An overview of surveys of mental
health consumers’ preferences for housing and support
services. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 44,
450-455.

Tarrier, N., Barrowclough, C., Porceddu, K., & Fitzpatrick,
E. (1994). The Salford Family Intervention Project:
Relapse rates of schizophrenia at five and eight years.
British Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 829-832.

Taylor, D. P., Carter, R. B., Eison, A. S., Mullins, U. L.,
Smith, H. L., Torrente, J. R., Wright, R. N., & Yocca, F.
D. (1995). Pharmacology and neurochemistry of
nefazodone, a novel antidepressant drug. Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry, 56(Supp!. 6), 3-11.

Tessler, R., & Gamache, G. (1994). Continuity of care,
residence, and family burden in Ohio. Milbank
Quarterly, 72, 149-170.

Tessler, R. C., & Goldman, H. H. (1982). The chronically
mentally ill. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

Thacker, H. L. (1997). Menopause. Primary Care, 24,
205-221.