Het onbirh ye AUG 29 1989 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE 9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE BETHESDA, MD. 20014 REFER TO: pir ae Au . Vad ys Dear Josh: You will be interested in the accompanying staff paper and attachments, prepared at my request subsequent to our dis- cussion last March, With recent publicity concerning storage and shipment of CBW agents and with the Senate rider on the Department of Defense appropriation bill, we have been directing more and = more attention in HSMHA to the overall subject area. In this regard, one of my principal staff associates is taking necessary steps to become as updated as possible in the & "state of the art." ee Cebu A AoW ala, [i hos So as ~“¥ appreciate your thoughtfulness in sending the various +2 relevant materials. I hope we can get together soon. f Sincerely yours, coy ene Y zs . English, M.D, Services and 41 Health Administration Dr. Joshua Lederberg Department of Genetics Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford Medical Center 300 Pasteur Drive Palo Alto, California 94304 Enclosures Dh see she heart Ant vont f+ po hugh) Lv — em Bt Subject Protection from sabotage for water collection systems of cities throughout the United States Special Reference Concern for LSD The above-named subject has, on two occasions, become of concern to certain individuals as a result of articles appearing in the press. One article appeared in the Washington Evening Star, Washington, D.C., dated September 20, 1968. More recently, reference to earlier (1966) articles was brought to the attention of the Administrator, Health Services and Mental Health Adminis- tration, PHS, DHEW, via a personal informal inquiry. The following is a compilation of information that attempts to describe the involvement and concern of the Federal Government and its areas of respon- sibilities, State and local responsibilities, as of this date, for the protection from sabotage for water collection systems of cities throughout the United States. Similar Problem Review by: Interdepartmental Committee on Internal Security - Department of Justice (Present Subcommittee I Chairman is DHEW/PHS member) The ICIS Committee reviewed this problem as a result of a letter to the Secretary of Defense regarding the proposed establishment of a national security force under his Department to provide protection from sabotage for the water collection systems of major cities throughout the United States. This matter was referred to the Attorney General of the United States, who has primary responsibility for internal security matters, and under whom the Interdepartmental Committee on Internal Security functions. Summary of ICIS Review (updated to include most National Plan changes) The basic problem of the possibility of sabotage to water systems of major United States cities has been recognized for some time as a threat which pertains to a number of principal cities throughout the country and thereby constitutes a potential threat to the internal security of this country. Under policies which have been set forth by the Office of Emergency Pre- paredness (OEP) and the Department of Defense, the protection of such facilities has been considered the responsibility of management, whether publicly or privately owned and operated. Cities throughout the country generally have recognized this responsibility and in a number of cases, local authorities have attempted to improve the security of their water supply systems by providing various protective measures. Federal Government policies as contained in the Armed Forces Industrial Defense Regulations, and OEP Manual "Standards for Physical Security of Industrial and Governmental Facilities" dated March 1958, as well as the National Plan, define the role of the Federal Government in this area as primarily to provide advice and guidance. In this connection, the Depart- ment of Defense has been performing security surveys of the water systems of principal U.S. cities since 1951. As a result of these surveys, key facilities have been located, weak spots identified and specific improve- ments recommended at points where additional security measures appeared to be required. : The proposed establishment of a federal security force under DOD to pro- vide protection from sabotage for the water collection systems of major U.S. cities under present circumstances would present a complete reversal of current government policies in this field. Such action undoubtedly would necessitate a general reappraisal of all government industrial secu- rity policies since a force for protection against sabotage could not be limited only to one aspect of the economy while other vital areas, such as transportation, communications and electric power, have equally com- pelling reasons for comparable protection. Since these industries also are expected to provide protection for their vital facilities, any change in this basic policy for one industry certainly would lead other indus- tries to request similar assistance. The ultimate result might be that the Federal Government eventually would be called upon to assume responsi- bility for a huge industrial security program throughout the country. Under the current DOD policies and plans, it does nqt seem feasible, at this time, to establish a federal security force for protection of water systems of major cities. The Office of Emergency Preparedness, at the time of the review, advised that it is not aware that conditions have changed significantly in connection with this problem area and therefore no changes in its pertinent policy are contemplated at the present time, Therefore, the conclusion reached was that any efforts to strengthen the physical protection of water systems should be coordinated on a State and local level so as to insure maximum protection with the means pres- ently available. Concern for LSD The recent concern for LSD being a chemical one might attempt to introduce into the water system of a major city reintroduces the problem since most of the research as to detecting LSD in water supplies has only recently appeared in the literature. This matter has not been ignored by the Public Health Service, Attached are two reports which were published by the National Center for Urban and Industrial Health, USPHS, Cincinnati, Ohio, and appeared in the Journal - American Water Works Association, Summary This paper has attempted to describe the "state of the art," as of this date, of the Federal-State and local programs involved in the protection of the water systems of the United States. The attached documents further describe how the programs interrelate and detail the responsibilities involved. Supplement to the above are attached two studies conducted by the Public Health Service, DHEW, National Center for Urban and Industrial Health, Cincinnati, Ohio. These reports are included for the purpose of responding to a specific inquiry in regard to LSD being introduced into a water system of a major city in the United States.