NATIONAL LIBRARY Of MEDICINE HISTORY OF MEDICINE A Guide to Sources of Information in the Reference and General Collections Reference Information Series National Library of Medicine Summer, 1984 I'S DLTARTMKNI ()l HLALTH AND Hl'MAN SLRVICIIS • IH'BLIC HLALTH SLKVICL • NATIONAL INSTIT I I LS (H HLALTH HISTORY OF MEDICINE A Guide to Sources of Information in the Reference and General Collections This annotated bibliography is intended to assist the on-site reader in the use of the National Library of Medicine collection. It represents a highly selective list of reference materials which will introduce the reader who is unfamiliar with the subject to general information sources in the field. It is not intended as a comprehensive treatment of the subject suitable for the advanced researcher. It includes a selection of abstracts, indexes, bibliographies, textbooks, journals, directories and other reference sources pertinent to the field. With few exceptions materials contained herein are available in the Reference Collection housed in the main Reading Room. Compiled by Joy S. Richmond Reference Section National Library of Medicine Bethesda, Maryland Summer, 1984 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION........................................... iii I. GUIDES TO RESOURCES AND/OR OVERALL LITERATURE.......... 1 II. ABSTRACTS AND INDEXES.................................. 2 A. Current............................................ 2 B. Retrospective...................................... 3 III. BIBLIOGRAPHIES......................................... 5 A. General............................................ 5 B. Specific Areas..................................... 6 IV. MEDICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY................................... 9 V. BOOKS.................................................. 10 A. World.............................................. 10 B. United States...................................... 12 VI. BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORIES............................... 14 A. Medicine........................................... 1H B. Science and Technology............................. 16 VII. DICTIONARIES AND ENCYCLOPEDIAS......................... 18 VIII. STATISTICS............................................. 20 IX. JOURNALS............................................... 21 X. ORGANIZATIONS.......................................... 22 XI. COMPUTER DATABASES..................................... 23 NAME AND SHORT TITLE INDEX............................. 25 i INTRODUCTION This ready reference guide is highly selective. It is intended to help persons find information quickly using standard sources. Except when noted, the titles are basic or classic. Most of the titles are located in the general Reading Room, as indicated by "Ref" over the call number. The few entries that do not have this designation are in the general collection stacks and may be requested through the Reader Service Desk. It must be emphasized that scholars, historical researchers, and others who need more than a ready reference collection should consult the History of Medicine Division and plan to use its collections. For information about the collection and services of the History of Medicine Division, telephone 496-5405 between 8:30 A.M. and 4:45 P.M., Monday through Friday. The National Library of Medicine's resources for historical scholarship in the medical and related sciences are among the richest in the world. These are housed and maintained by the History of Medicine Division. They include all of the Library's material printed before 1871 plus thousands of later pamphlets and dissertations, totaling close to 500,000 pieces. The Division's collections also include modern manuscripts, numbering nearly 1,000,000 items and some oral history memoirs. An extensive collection of prints and photographs, containing some 75,000 items, are also housed in the History of Medicine Division. iii I. GUIDES TO RESOURCES AND/OR OVERALL LITERATURE Ref ZWB 100 R784i 1980 Colville-Stewart, Sandra. History sources. In: Roper, Fred W., and Jo A. Boorkman. INTRODUCTION TO REFERENCE SOURCES IN THE HEALTH SCIENCES. Chicago, Medical Library Association, 1980, p. 215-233. Listing and discussion of selected history tools, i.e. dictionaries and encyclopedias, pharmacopeias, biographical dictionaries, bibliographies, books, classic sources, and index to illustrations. Contains a bibliography of readings. Ref ZWB 100 143 1984 Ref W1 ME372 no. 3 1967 Ref WZ 40 143 1983 Gaskell, E. Historical, biographical and bibliographic sources. In: INFORMATION SOURCES IN THE MEDICAL SCIENCES. Edited by L. T. Morton and S. Godbolt. 3rd ed. London, Butterworth, 1984, p. 463-490. Lists in narrative form basic and/or recent sources in history, biography, bibliography, library catalogs, encyclopedias and dictionaries, indexes to the historical literature, readings, reprints and facsimiles, and periodicals. Includes tools in English and foreign languages. History of medicine. In: MEDICAL REFERENCE WORKS, 1679- 1966; A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY. Edited by John B. Blake and Charles Roos. Chicago, Medical Library Association, 1967, P. 50-91. Classic selected listing arranged by kinds of source by historical periods, by national and special groups, and by special topics. Elsewhere in the book, subject histories are listed under medical and related specialties. Brief annotations. INFORMATION SOURCES IN THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE Edited by Pietro Corsi and Paul Weindling. London, Butterworth Scientific, 1983. 531 P. "The aim of the present survey of literature, methods and concepts is to provide a series of succinct assess- ments of important areas of the history of science and medicine. . . to produce a reference work with ready accessible bibliographical and historical information." Twenty-three contributed chapters deal with special topics, e. g., one on the historiography of medicine and another on the history of American medicine and science. Lengthy bibliographies throughout. Index. 1 2 II. ABSTRACTS AND INDEXES A. Current Ref BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE. Bethesda, ZWZ Maryland, U. S. National Library of Medicine, no. 1, 40 1965- . Annual, with quinquennial cumulations. B582 Selected books, chapters, congresses, and journal articles, arranged by biographies, subjects, and authors. "Focuses on the history of medicine and its related sciences, professions, and institutions." For the most part, excludes general history and the philosophy of science. Covers all chronological periods and all geographical areas. Although there is substantial overlap with NLM's INDEX MEDICUS and CURRENT CATALOG, many references also come from various other medical and nonmedical sources. Ref CURRENT WORK IN THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE. London, Wellcome ZWZ Historical Medical Library, no. 1, 1954- . Quarterly, 40 C976 References to journal articles arranged by subjects, with an author index. International coverage. Contains a list of new books. Indexed through 1977 in Wellcome's cumulated eighteen-volume SUBJECT CATALOGUE OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND RELATED SCIENCES (available only in the History of Medicine Division). Ref INDEX MEDICUS. Bethesda, Maryland, U. S. National Library ZW of Medicine, v. 1, 1960- . Monthly, with annual 1 cumulations (CUMULATED INDEX MEDICUS). 1384 Subject and author listings of articles from approximately 2,600 selected biomedical journals from all over the world. Contains a separate section on medical reviews. Ref National Library of Medicine. NATIONAL LIBRARY Z OF MEDICINE CURRENT CATALOG. Bethesda, Maryland, 675.M4V National Library of Medicine, 1966- U578nc Quarterly, with annual and quinquennial cumulations. Present-day successor to INDEX-CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY OF THE SURGEON GENERAL'S OFFICE. Subject and author listings of monographs and serials cataloged by NLM. 3 II. ABSTRACTS AND INDEXES B. Retrospective Ref CURRENT LIST OF MEDICAL LITERATURE. Washington, District of Columbia, ZW v. 1-36, 1941-1959. 1 C969 Various publishers. Contains register of articles (arranged as tables of contents from selected journals), and subject and author indexes. The indexes refer to the item number of each article. Between 1957-1959, this title is the only existing major medical index. A current index at the time of publication. Ref INDEX-CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY OF THE SURGEON GENERAL'S Z OFFICE. Washington, District of Columbia, Government Printing 675.M4 Office, series 1, v. 1-16, 1880-1895; series 2, v. 1-21, 138 1896-1916; series 3, v. 1-10, 1918-1932; series 4, v. 1-11 (Mh-Mn), 1936-1955; series 5, v. 1-3 (v. 1, authors; v. 2-3, subjects), 1959-1961. Alphabetical catalog to books, pamphlets, theses, and journal articles covering world medical literature from the earliest times through 1950. Series 5 contains primarily references to monographs received in NLM and its predecessors from 1927 through 1950. A retrospective index at the time of publication. Ref INDEX MEDICUS; A QUARTERLY CLASSIFIED RECORD OF THE CURRENT ZW MEDICAL LITERATURE OF THE WORLD. Washington, District of Columbia, 1 series 1, v. 1-21, 1879-1899; series 2, v. 1-18, 1903- 1383 1920; series 3, v. 1-6(5), 1921-1927. Various publishers, but published by Carnegie Insti- tution of Washington between 1903-1927. "From 1879 to 1927 the INDEX was a standard current bibliography of medicine, covering publications in all principal languages and including periodicals and other analytical entries as well as books, pamphlets, and theses." Ref Miller, Genevieve, editor. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF ZWZ MEDICINE OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA, 1939-1960. 70 Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, 1964. 428 p. AA1 M6b Cumulation of annual lists that appeared in the BULLETIN OF 1939-60 THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE between 1940 and 1961 - Contains a list of journals cited. Detailed table of contents. Author index. Ref QUARTERLY CUMULATIVE INDEX MEDICUS. Chicago, American zw Medical Association, v. 1-60, 1927-1956. 1 Q3 Alphabetical listing of authors and subjects. Includes foreign-language literature. Contains lists of journals indexed and new books published. A current index at the time of publication. Ref QUARTERLY CUMULATIVE INDEX TO CURRENT MEDICAL LITERATURE. ZW Chicago, American Medical Association, v. 1-12, 1916- 1 1926. Q4 Alphabetical listing of authors and subjects. Includes foreign-language literature. Intended for the general practitioner. Contains lists of new books published, journals indexed, and government publications. A current index at the time of publication. 5 III. BIBLIOGRAPHIES A. General Ref Ash, Lee, and Michael A. Murray, compilers. SERIAL ZWB PUBLICATIONS CONTAINING MEDICINE CLASSICS: AN INDEX 100 TO CITATIONS IN GARRISON/MORTON (3D EDITION, 1970). G242m 2nd ed., rev. and enl. Bethany, Connecticut, The Antiquanum, Index 1979. 169 p. 1979 Approximately 900 serials listed alphabetically by titles, with bibliographical information for significant entries indicated. Many cross references. Ref Garrison, Fielding H. A MEDICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY (GARRISON AND ZWB MORTON): AN ANNOTATED CHECK-LIST OF TEXTS ILLUSTRATING 100 THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE. 4th ed. by Leslie T. Morton. G242m Aldershot, England, Gower Publishing Co., 1983. 1983 1»000 p. Contains 7,830 entries to references and original sources that represent the most important contributions to the development of medicine. Classified arrange- ment. Each entry gives author, dates, bibliographical information, and brief annotation. Personal name and subject indexes. 6 III. BIBLIOGRAPHIES B. Specific Areas The following bibliographies are given as a representative selection of references in the history of various subject fields. Ref Boquist, Constance, and Jeannette V. Haase. AN HISTORICAL ZWU REVIEW OF WOMEN IN DENTISTRY. Rockville, Maryland, 21 U. S. Public Health Service, Health Resources B725h Opportunity, 1977. 107 p. 1977 Contains 263 references to journal articles published in the United States, Great Britain, and Canada; also includes some articles from popular journals. Almost two-thirds of the references were selected for annota- tions and arranged chronologically into six time periods covering 1860-1976. Sources were MEDLARS, ERIC, and searches of specific books and journals. Entry gives bibliographical information and lengthy abstract. No index. hef Davis, Lenwood G. THE HISTORY OF SELECTED DISEASES IN THE ZWB BLACK COMMUNITY: A WORKING BIBLIOGRAPHY. Monticello, 720 Illinois, Council of Planning Librarians, 1976, c1975. D262h 28 p. 1975 Over 400 selected references to books and journal articles published in the United States during 1831-1974. Alphabetical arrangement by authors in separate lists of books and articles. Entry gives bibliographical information. No index. Ref Gilbert, Judson B. DISEASE AND DESTINY; A BIBLIOGRAPHY ZWZ OF MEDICAL REFERENCES TO THE FAMOUS. With 313 additions and an introduction by Gordon E. Mestler. G465d London, Dawsons of Pall Mall, 1962. 535 p. 1962 Alphabetical listing by names of famous persons in history, the humanities, and the arts and sciences. Publications date from approximately 1600 to 1950, with selected references to 1961. The introduction by Mestler is notable in medical-biographical writing. 7 Ref THE HISTORY OF NURSING; AN INDEX TO THE MICROFICHE COLLECTION. ZWY Ann Arbor, Michigan, University Microfilms International, 11.1 1983- H673 1983 Contains the holdings of the Adelaide Nutting Historical Nursing Collection, Teachers College, Columbia University. Covers titles that range from monographic literature to newspaper items. Intended for nursing students and researchers in the history of medicine, public health, hospital administration, and women's studies. Arranged by authors/titles, subjects, and fiche numbers. Author/title section contains full bibliographical information and miscellaneous notes. Ref THE MCDOWELL SERIES OF PLASTIC SURGICAL INDEXES. Edited ZWO by Frank McDowell. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, 600 1977-1981. 5 v. M138 1977 THE ZEIS INDEX AND HISTORY OF PLASTIC SURGERY, 900 B. C.-1863 A. D., v. 1 THE PATTERSON INDEX OF PLASTIC SURGERY, 1864 A. D. to 1920 A. D., v. 2 THE LEUZ INDEX OF PLASTIC SURGERY, 1921 A. D. to 1946 A. D., v. 3 THE GREAT INDEX OF PLASTIC SURGERY, 1946 A. D. to 1971 A. D., v. 4 THE HONOLULU INDEX OF PLASTIC SURGERY, 1971 A. D. to 1976 A. D., v. 5 "A master key to all the research that has ever been done, and all the knowledge that has been accumulated, in our field." Covers plastic surgical literature from earliest times to 1976. The ZEIS INDEX AND HISTORY OF PLASTIC SURGERY was translated from German. Ref Nemec, Jaroslav. INTERNATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY ZW OF LEGAL MEDICINE. Bethesda, Maryland, U. S. National 611 Library of Medicine, 1974. 224 p. N434i 1974 Contains 1,165 annotated references, most of which are located in the National Library of Medicine. Covers monographic literature (also chapters and parts), journal articles, and dissertations. Entries cover twenty-six languages and date from the sixteenth century to the present. Most titles are given in the original language. Alphabetical arrangement by authors. Subject index. Ref Watson, Robert I. THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY AND THE Z BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES: A BIBLIOGRAPHIC GUIDE. New 7201 York, Springer Pub. Co., 1978. 241 p. W34lh 1978 Approximately 800 titles cited as general references and historical accounts, as well as literature dealing with methods of historical research, historiographic fields, and historiographic theories. Covers psychology, philosophy, science, biology, medicine (with various specialized fields), psychiatry and psychoanalysis, anthropology, sociology, and education. Each entry gives bibliographic information and annotation. No index. Ref Yale University. School of Nursing. Index Staff. ZWY NURSING STUDIES INDEX; AN ANNOTATED GUIDE TO REPORTED 100 STUDIES, RESEARCH METHODS, AND HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL Yl6n MATERIALS IN PERIODICALS, BOOKS, AND PAMPHLETS PUBLISHED IN 1900-59 ENGLISH. Prepared by Yale University School of Nursing Index Staff, under the direction of Virginia Henderson. Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1963-1972. 4 v. International, national, regional, and local nursing journals searched, as well as selected journals in related fields, such as public health. Unpublished masters' theses not covered. Alphabetical subject arrangement of entries. Many cross references. Author index. 9 IV. MEDICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Ref Adams, Scott. MEDICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY IN AN AGE OF DISCONTINUITY. ZWB Chicago, Medical Library Association, 1981. 224 p. 100 A2l7m Sketches "the course of medical bibliography in 1981 relation to the political, social, scientific, and technological changes in the United States that have influenced its directions and forms." Covers the post-World War II period to the present. Chapter references. Index. Ref Brodman, Estelle. THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. ZWB [Baltimore], Medical Library Association, 1954. 226 p. 100 B864d Traces the development of medical bibliography through 1954 five chapters dealing with the beginnings, bibli- ographic technique in the seventeenth century, individual bibliographers, cooperative bibliography, and the present situation. Appendixes include references and medical bibliographies published since 1500. Author index to bibliographies and general index. Ref CENTENARY OF INDEX MEDICUS, 1879-1979. Edited by John B. Blake, Z Bethesda, Maryland, U. S. National Library of Medicine, 695.9 1980. 115 p. C397 1979 Eight articles that deal with medicine and bibli- ography, physicians and books. All articles were presented in a program held at the National Library of Medicine in May, 1979. Notes, with references, follow articles. 10 V. BOOKS A. World Ref Ackerknecht, Erwin H. A SHORT HISTORY OF MEDICINE. Rev. WZ ed. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982. 40 277 P. A182S 1982 Brief, revised history that includes additions and corrections, particularly in the last part of the book, to reflect advances in medicine during the 1960's and 1970's. Also includes chapters on a rationale for the study of medical history and twentieth century trends. Gives Nobel laureates in medicine and physiology, 1901-1981, and suggestions for further reading. Index. Ref Castiglioni, Arturo. A HISTORY OF MEDICINE. Translated WZ from the Italian and edited by E. B. Krumbhaar. 40 2nd ed., rev. and enl. New York, Knopf, 1947. C351s 1,192 p. 1947 Comprehensive, readable history discussed, for the most part, by periods, Strong in Greek and Roman periods; also contains a chapter on medicine in China, Korea, and Japan. Lists 504 illustrations used in the text. Chapter references. Subject and name indexes. Ref Garrison, Fielding H. AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HISTORY OF WZ MEDICINE WITH MEDICAL CHRONOLOGY, SUGGESTIONS FOR 40 STUDY AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA. 4th ed., rev. and G242i enl. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1929. 996 p. 1929 Comprehensive, encyclopedic textbook that covers medicine from prehistory through the 1920's. Contains fourteen chapters on broad topics based on geographical locations (e. g., Egyptian medicine), or chronology (e. g., the seventeenth century). Appendixes include medical chronology, notes on the study of medical history, bibliographic notes, and questions and answers. Name and subject indexes. Ref Major, Ralph H. A HISTORY OF MEDICINE. Springfield, WZ Illinois, Thomas, 1954. 2 v. 40 M234h Comprehensive textbook intended for medical students 1954 and medical practitioners, rather than for medical historians. Biographical addenda appear at the ends of sections. Bibliography corresponds to chapters. Name and subject indexes. Singer, Charles J., and Edgar A. Underwood. A SHORT HISTORY OF MEDICINE. 2nd ed. Oxford, Clarendon, 1962. 854 p. Although Underwood's intention was to maintain Singer's original form of the 1928 text as much as possible, certain alterations were necessary, and the information on the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was rewritten and expanded. Focuses on the scientific aspects of medicine, as well as on selected clinical specialties. Contains references. Indexes for persons, subjects, and places. 12 V. BOOKS B. United States Ref ADVANCES IN AMERICAN MEDICINE: ESSAYS AT THE BICENTENNIAL. WZ Edited by John Z. Bowers and Elizabeth F. Purcell. 70 New York, Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation, 1976. 2 v. AA1 A2 Nineteen essays that reflect the broad interdisci- 1976 plinary nature of American medicine today. Bibliographies appear at ends of chapters. Name and subject indexes. Ref Blake, John B., W. N. Hubbard, Jr., and Philip Handler. EPILOGUE: WZ ESSAYS AT THE BICENTENNIAL OF MEDICINE IN THE UNITED STATES. 70 Bethesda, Maryland, U. S. National Library of Medicine, 1976. AA1 33 P. B5 1976 Three essays that deal with the development and present status of medicine, as well as the role of the medical library. All papers were previously presented orally. Ref Bordley, James, III., and A. M. Harvey. TWO CENTURIES OF AMERICAN WZ MEDICINE, 1776-1976. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1976. 844 p. 70 AA1 The authors intended to relate for laymen and B6t physicians alike the advances between 1776 and 1976 1976 (1) in medical education and (2) in prevention and treatment of disease. Contains a chronology of major events in American medical history and chapter references. Index. Ref Furman, Bess. A PROFILE OF THE UNITED STATES PUBLIC HEALTH WA SERVICE, 1798-1948. In consultation with Ralph C. 1 Williams. Bethesda, Maryland, U. S. National Library F986p of Medicine, 1973. 487 p. 1973 History characterized by "simple, informal, and some- times discursive writing." Besides research, author also based story on personal interviews with leaders in recent Public Health Service history. Bibliography. Name and subject indexes. 13 Ref Miles, Wyndham D. A HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF Z MEDICINE: THE NATION'S TREASURY OF MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE. 733.N277 Bethesda, Maryland, U. S. National Library of Medicine, M643h 1982. 531 p. 1982 Comprehensive history that covers NLM's growth from the early nineteenth century collection to its present status as an international biomedical library and information center. Appendixes list honors, statistics, members of the Board of Regents, selected chronology, sources of information, acknowledgements, and abbreviations. Ref Packard, Francis R. HISTORY OF MEDICINE IN THE WZ UNITED STATES. New ed. New York, Hoeber, 1931. 2 v. 70 AA1 Based on secondary sources, for the most part. P1h Contains eleven miscellaneous appendixes and biblio- 1931 graphy, as well as a chapter on pre-Revolutionary medical publications. Name and subject indexes. Ref Starr, Paul. THE SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION OF AMERICAN WZ MEDICINE. New York, Basic Books, 1982. 514 p. 70 AA1 Discusses the development of American medicine in S7s terms of "first, the rise of professional sovereignty; 1982 and second, the transformation of medicine into an industry and the growing. . . role of corporations and the state." Author attempted to interpret medicine within the broader economic, cultural, and political contexts of the country. Chapter references. Index. Ref Williams, Ralph C. THE UNITED STATES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, WA 1798-1950. Washington, District of Columbia, Commissioned 1 Officers. Association of the United States Public Health Service, U58W 1951. 890 p. 1951 "Brief history of the origin, evolution, organization, and activities of the Public Health Service since its establishment in 1798." Scholarly and factual. Index. 14 VI. BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORIES The general Reading Room offers a rich collection of biographical reference tools both general and specific, current and retrospective The following highly selected titles are specific for medicine and also science and technology. Please see the ends of these two lists of biographical directories for titles and call numbers of selected general tools. A. Medicine Ref Atkinson, William B. THE PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF THE WZ UNITED STATES. Philadelphia, Robson, 1878. 788 p. 140 AA1 Directory of medical doctors that includes "all A8p professors, hospital physicians and surgeons, officers 1878 of the more important medical societies and authors, together with those who by length of service or success in the profession had become of eminence." Contains some portraits. Name, geographical, and analytical indexes. Ref Holloway, Lisabeth M., Ernest N. Feind, and George N. ZWZ Holloway. MEDICAL OBITUARIES: AMERICAN PHYSICIAN'S 112 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES IN SELECTED MEDICAL JOURNALS H745m BEFORE 1907. New York, Garland, 1981. 513 p. 1981 Lists 17,350 physicians. Although biographical infor- mation was taken primarily from obituary notices in periodicals, other sources were also used, such as medical school and alumni registers, society trans- actions, and proceedings. Alphabetical arrangement by names. Each entry gives available personal, educational, and professional information, as well as the periodical or other source. Contains a list of principle sources. WZ Kelly, Howard A., and Walter L. Burrage. DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN 140 MEDICAL BIOGRAPHY; LIVES OF EMINENT PHYSICIANS OF THE UNITED AA1 STATES AND CANADA, FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES. New York, Appleton, K2C 1928. 1,364 p. 1928 ^Over 2,000 biographical sketches of deceased physicians from the United States and Canada "who have done the noteworthy" as of January 1, 1927. Previous editions appeared in 1912 and 1920. Contains (1) a list of sources consulted and (2) an index of names of living and dead Americans mentioned, but without full entries. A new edition, revised and expanded, is in preparation and has been been described bibliographically as follows: DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN MEDICAL BIOGRAPHY. Edited by Martin 15 Ref Sourkes, Theodore L. NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS IN MEDICINE AND PHYSIOLOGY, AS 1901-1965. New York, Abelard-Schuman, 1966. 464 p. 911 S724n Chronological listing of prize winners. Each entry gives a 1967 brief statement of the work that won the winner the Nobel Prize, a biographical sketch, a description of the work in the recipient's own words, a brief statement of the theoretical and practical consequences of the work, and several references. Classified list of awards and general index. Ref Stone, Richard F., editor. BIOGRAPHY OF EMINENT AMERICAN WZ PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. 2nd rev. and enl. ed. 140 Indianapolis, Hollenbeck, 1898. 857 p. AA1 S8b Illustrious physicians and surgeons from colonial days 1898 on. Includes many nineteenth century living persons. Certain entries were derived from Watson's PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF AMERICA . . ., 1896. Many portraits. Ref Talbott, John H. A BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF MEDICINE; EXCERPTS AND WZ ESSAYS ON THE MEN AND THEIR WORK. New York, Grune & Stratton, 112 1970. 1,211 p. Tl42b 1970 Revised and expanded versions of biographical essays that originally appeared in JAMA. Includes some persons living in the twentieth century, although most people included lived before that time. Each entry concludes with references; many entries are illustrated. Contains name and subject indexes. Ref Watson, Irving A., editor. PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF WZ AMERICA. . . A COLLECTION OF BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF THE 140 REGULAR MEDICAL PROFESSION. Concord, New Hampshire, Republican AA1 Press Association, 1896. 843 P- W3P 1896 "All classes of reputable regular practitioners, belonging to accredited medical societies, have been recognized, from the ablest and most eminent to the unassuming country physician. . . almost wholly a record of men now living." Contains many photo- graphs. Alphabetical name and geographical indexes. See also: AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORY (W 22 AA1 qA512) 1927-present (Ref) 1906-1927 (general collection) DIRECTORY OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTS (W 22 DA2 D5982) Most recent edition (Ref) Previous editions, starting with 1940 (general collection) 16 VI. BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORIES B. Science and Technology Ref Asimov, Isaac. ASIMOV'S BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA OF WZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: THE LIVES AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF 112 1510 GREAT SCIENTISTS FROM ANCIENT TIMES TO THE A832a PRESENT, CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED. 2nd rev. ed. 1982 Garden City, New York, Doubleday, 1982. 941 p. Each numbered entry gives short to lengthy biographical information. Most biographies from previous editions have been expanded as new information became available to author. Subject and name index. Ref Barr, E. Scott. AN INDEX TO BIOGRAPHICAL FRAGMENTS IN Q UNSPECIALIZED SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS. University, 141 Alabama, University of Alabama Press, 1973. 294 p. B268i 1973 Guide to locating biographical information and contemp- orary comment concerning distinguished persons who, prior to about 1920, were active in the sciences. About 15,000 biographical citations about some 7,700 scientists, most of whom were well known among their contemporaries but are "now seen in perspective, of second-order importance." Sources were English- language, general scientific journals (seven titles). Alphabetical name arrangement. Entries include name, dates, and journal sources. Correlation tables show complete volumes and dates of journals. Ref A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF SCIENTISTS. Edited by Trevor Q I. Williams. 3rd ed. London, A. & C. Black, 1982. 141 674 p. B615 1982 Approximately 1,200 scientists, no longer living, from earliest time to present. Intended for general readers, as well as for students. Both footnotes and chronological tables have been expanded from the second edition. Alphabetical arrangement by names. Initialed entries include lengthy biographical information and references. Appendixes of anniversary dates and of scientists mentioned in book but not in full biographical entries. Includes subject index to topics of major importance. First edition, 1969; second edition, 1974. 17 Ref DICTIONARY OF SCIENTIFIC BIOGRAPHY. Edited by Charles C. Gillispie. Q New York, Scribner, 1970-1980. 15 v. and index. 141 D554 Issued under the auspices of the American Council of Learned Societies. Lengthy biographical entries for deceased persons "whose contributions to science were sufficiently distinctive to make an identifiable difference to the professions or community of knowlege." International coverage, including scientists throughout history. Focuses on the scientific field of mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry, biology, and the earth sciences. Each entry includes signed article and bibliography. Index volume includes detailed index and lists of contributors, societies indexed, periodicals indexed, and scientists by field. WHO WAS WHO IN AMERICAN HISTORY — SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: A COMPONENT OF WHO'S WHO IN AMERICAN HISTORY. 76 bicentennial ed. Chicago, Marquis Who's Who, 1976. 688 p. Approximately 9,500 biographical entries to prominent deceased Americans. Much of the information was taken from the last entry that appeared during the person's lifetime. Covers colonial days to mid-1973. Each entry gives life and death information, personal, educational, and professional details. Ref WORLD WHO'S WHO IN SCIENCE; A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF NOTABLE Q SCIENTISTS FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE PRESENT. Edited by Allen 145 G. Debus. Chicago, Marquis Who's Who, 1968. 1,855 p. W927 1968 Approximately 30,000 biographical sketches of persons who were selected on the basis of their scientific contributions. Contains many living scientists. See also: CHAMBERS BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY (Ref CT 120 C444 1961) DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY, 1928-1958 and supplements (Ref E 176 D554) DICTIONARY OF NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY and supplements (Ref CT 773 D554) HISTORICAL BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARIES MASTER INDEX (Ref Z 5305.U5 H673 1980) McGRAW-HILL ENCYCLOPEDIA OF WORLD BIOGRAPHY (REF CT 103 M147 1973) NEW CENTURY CYCLOPEDIA OF NAMES (Ref PE 1625 C397 1954) NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES INDEX, 1858-1968; also 1969-1978 (Ref CT 213 N532) NOTABLE AMERICAN WOMEN, 1607-1950, and supplements (Ref CT 3260 N899) WHO WAS WHO IN AMERICA, 1897, 1942, and succeeding volumes (Ref E 176 W6281) Ref Q 149.U5 W628 1976 18 VII. DICTIONARIES AND ENCYCLOPEDIAS Ref DICTIONARY OF THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE. Edited by W. F. Bynum, E. J, Q Browne, and Roy Porter. Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton 125 University Press, 1981. 494 p. D554u 1981 Dictionary of the concepts or ideas that characterized the core features of recent Western science. Focuses on the last five centuries. There is emphasis on historiography and the philosophical and metaphysical principles of science, as well as "those parts of the social and human sciences historically most closely linked with the natural sciences." No biographical entries. Entries are lengthy and contain references and authors' initials. Many cross references. Biographical index. Ref Jablonski, Stanley. ILLUSTRATED DICTIONARY OF EPONYMIC SYNDROMES WB AND DISEASES AND THEIR SYNONYMS. Philadelphia, Saunders, 15 1969. 355 p. J13i 1969 Alphabetical listing of some 10,000 eponymic names of path- ological conditions. Each entry consists of eponym, synonyms, definition, and original (or other) citation. Many cross references. Photographs. Ref Kane, Joseph N. FAMOUS FIRST FACTS: A RECORD OF FIRST AG HAPPENINGS, DISCOVERIES, AND INVENTIONS IN AMERICAN HISTORY. 5 4th ed. New York, H. W. Wilson, 1981. 1,350 p. Kl6f 1981 Over 9,000 firsts in American history. Refers to both people and events in the United States. Indexes by years, days, names, and geographically by states. Ref Kelly, Emerson C. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MEDICAL SOURCES. W Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1948. 476 p. 13 K29e Alphabetical listing of persons for whom medical eponyms 1948 have been named. Each entry gives name, medical identity, dates, notes, and eponym or eponyms with definition(s) and original or best source(s). Subject index. 19 Ref Lourie, J. A. MEDICAL EPONYMS: WHO WAS COUDE? London, Pitman, W 1982. 207 P. 13 L892m Approximately 550 entries to medical eponyms that derive from 1982 history to contemporary times. Each entry gives dates, the eponym, brief statement, and person's position. Original sources are not given. Alphabetical arrangement. Bibliography, Ref Schmidt, Jacob E. MEDICAL DISCOVERIES: WHO AND WHEN. A WZ DICTIONARY LISTING THOUSANDS OF MEDICAL AND RELATED SCIENTIFIC 13 DISCOVERIES IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER, GIVING IN EACH CASE THE NAME S352m OF THE DISCOVERER, HIS PROFESSION, NATIONALITY, AND FLORUIT, 1959 AND THE DATE OF THE DISCOVERY. Springfield, Illinois, Thomas, 1959. 555 P. Over 6,000 entries referring to the original use of various methods, operations, concepts, etc., in medicine and related sciences. Many cross references. 20 VIII. STATISTICS HA Dodd, Donald B., and Wynelle S. Dodd. HISTORICAL STATISTICS OF THE 218 SOUTH, 1790-1970. A COMPILATION OF STATE-LEVEL CENSUS D639h STATISTICS FOR THE SIXTEEN STATES OF ALABAMA, ARKANSAS, DELAWARE, 1973 FLORIDA, GEORGIA, KENTUCKY, LOUISIANA, MARYLAND, MISSISSIPPI, NORTH CAROLINA, OKLAHOMA, SOUTH CAROLINA, TENNESSEE, TEXAS, VIRGINIA, WEST VIRGINIA. University, Alabama, University of Alabama Press, 1973. 85 p. Statistics compiled from both state-level and national census data. Statistics every ten years for forty-eight items are given for each state. Along with some figures that do not exist for certain items, the 1870 census of population is known to be incomplete in the South. Glossary. Ref Mitchell, Brian R. EUROPEAN HISTORICAL STATISTICS, 1750-1970. HA New York, Columbia University Press, 1976. 827 P. 1107 M68le Classified listing of tables of available statistics by 1975 twenty-three countries, including a section on population and vital statistics. No index. (A new edition covering 1750-1975 is on order.) Ref United States. Bureau of the Census. THE STATISTICAL HISTORY HA OF THE UNITED STATES FROM COLONIAL TIMES TO THE PRESENT. 202 Introduction and user's guide by Ben J. Wattenberg. A1.1 New York, Basic Books, 1976. 1,235 P. 1970 "Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970, prepared by the United States Bureau of the Census." Twenty-four chapters that give available statistics throughout American history, including a chapter on vital statistics, health, and medical care. Lists by name contributors and agencies that provided information, as well as explanations of statistics. Contains time period and subject indexes. 21 IX. JOURNALS The following is a selected list of English-language journals. They are located in the general collection, and they are indexed in INDEX MEDICUS. W1 BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins BU85X University Press, v. 7, 1939- . Quarterly. The official organ of the American Association for the History of Medicine. An index titled FIFTY YEAR INDEX TO THE BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 1933-1982, was prepared in the History of Medicine Division and was published in 1983. W1 JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND ALLIED SCIENCES. New Haven, J0928Q Connecticut, v. 1, 1946- . Quarterly. "Publishes work relating to all aspects of the history of medicine and of the various sciences impinging on it." Originally published by the Department of the History of Science and Medicine, Yale University, this journal is now published from the Section of Medical History, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. W1 MEDICAL HISTORY; A QUARTERLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE HISTORY OF ME338 MEDICINE AND RELATED SCIENCES. London, The Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, v. 1, 1957- . Quarterly. "Devoted to all aspects of the history of medicine, but is concerned primarily with the evolution of scientific and social concepts in medicine, as well as with the many disciplines such as economics, ethnology, literature, philosophy, politics, theology, science, technology, etc., that impinge upon it." X. ORGANIZATIONS American Association for the History of Medicine Department of Medicine University of Rochester Medical Center 601 Elmwood Avenue Rochester, New York 14642 Founded in 1925. Approximately 1,350 members. Membership includes physicians and others interested in the history of medicine. Maintains formal relationships with International Society for the History of Medicine, as well as with other national and affiliated societies. The BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE is the official journal of the organization. International Society of the History of Medicine Lotissement Les Reves 22, Rue Francois Villeneuve F-34000 Montpellier, France Established in 1921. Approximately 750 members representing fifty- four countries. The purpose of the organization is to study all aspects of the history of medicine and related sciences. It meets every two years in various places and publishes the proceedings of the Congress. Washington Society for the History of Medicine History of Medicine Division National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20209 (301) 496-5405 The local affiliate of the American Association for the History of Medicine. Approximately 200 members. The member- ship includes historians, physicians, librarians, and other persons interested in the history of medicine. The group meets four times a year at the National Library of Medicine for formal talks and discussion, and once for an annual dinner. 23 XI. COMPUTER DATABASES NLM makes available various computer databases related to biomedicine and health. Numerous libraries and other sites through the United States and the world provide access to the databases. NLM's Reference Section generally provides searching only for those individuals within the Library's immediate geographic vicinity who do not have access to the system through their organization or school. The following files contain items of interest in the history of medicine. CATLINE Includes all monographs cataloged by NLM since 1801 and some earlier imprints. Pre-1801 titles not cited in CATLINE might be located in the History of Medicine Division. Also includes serial titles. The printed version of CATLINE since 1966 is the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE CURRENT CATALOG. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MeSH) and textwords are used for searching. Updated weekly. Library users may search CATLINE themselves on terminals available in the catalog area. HISTLINE Online database of literature published for the most part since 1970, with a few citations since 1964. References in HISTLINE are to monographs, journal articles, meetings, and miscellaneous publications from the annually printed BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE. International in coverage, "The scope includes the history of medicine and related sciences, professions, individuals, institutions, drugs and diseases of given chronological periods and geographical areas." The sources of the titles in HISTLINE are INDEX MEDICUS, CURRENT CATALOG, history of medicine and science journals, and current publications from various fields such as general history and classics. MeSH, certain special terms, and textwords are used to search the database. Updated monthly. MEDLINE Includes current journal articles on the history of medicine. Of 2,695 journals indexed, fourteen are scanned either cover-to- cover or selectively for historical articles. The printed counterpart of MEDLINE is monthly INDEX MEDICUS and the annual CUMULATED INDEX MEDICUS. The MEDLINE holdings for the history of medicine are also included in HISTLINE. MeSH and textwords are used for searching. Updated monthly. NAME AND SHORT TITLE INDEX Ackerknecht, Erwin H., 10 Adams, Scott, 9 Adelaide Nutting Historical Nursing Collection, 7 ADVANCES IN AMERICAN MEDICINE, 12 American Association for the History of Medicine, 21, 22 AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORY, 15 Ash, Lee, 5 Asimov, Isaac, 16 ASIMOV'S BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 16 Atkinson, William B., 14 Barr, E. S., 16 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 2, 23 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA, 1939-1960, 3 BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF SCIENTISTS, 16 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 15 BIOGRAPHY OF EMINENT AMERICAN PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS, 15 Blake, John B., 1, 9, 12 Boorkman, Jo A., 1 Boquist, Constance, 6 Bordley, James, III, 12 Bowers, John Z., 12 Brodman, Estelle, 9 Browne, E. J., 18 BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 3, 21, 22 Burrage, Walter L., 14 Bynum, W. F., 18 Castiglioni, Arturo, 10 CATLINE, 23 CENTENARY OF INDEX MEDICUS, 1879-1979, 9 CHAMBERS BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY, 17 Colville-Stewart, Sandra, 1 Corsi, Pietro, 1 CUMULATED INDEX MEDICUS, 2, 23 CURRENT CATALOG, see NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE CURRENT CATALOG CURRENT LIST OF MEDICAL LITERATURE, 3 CURRENT WORK IN THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 2 25 Davis, Lenwood G., 6 Debus, Allen G., 17 DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY, 9 DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY, 17 DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN MEDICAL BIOGRAPHY, 14 DICTIONARY OF NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY, 17 DICTIONARY OF SCIENTIFIC BIOGRAPHY, 17 DICTIONARY OF THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE, 18 DIRECTORY OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTS, 15 DISEASE AND DESTINY, 6 Dodd, Donald B., 20 Dodd, Wynelle S., 20 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MEDICAL SOURCES, 18 EPILOGUE, 12 ESSAYS AT THE BICENTENNIAL OF MEDICINE IN THE UNITED STATES, EUROPEAN HISTORICAL STATISTICS, 1750-1970, 20 FAMOUS FIRST FACTS, 18 Feind, Ernest N., 14 FIFTY YEAR INDEX TO THE BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE, 1933-1982, 21 Furman, Bess, 12 Galishoff, Stuart, 14 Garrison, Fielding H., 5, 10 Gaskel, E., 1 Gilbert, Judson B., 6 Gillispie, Charles C., 17 Godbolt, S., 1 GREAT INDEX OF PLASTIC SURGERY, 7 Haase, Jeannette V., 6 Handler, Philip, 12 Harvey, A. M., 12 Henderson, Virginia, 8 HISTLINE, 23 Historical, biographical and bibliographic sources, 1 HISTORICAL BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARIES MASTER INDEX, 17 HISTORICAL REVIEW OF WOMEN IN DENTISTRY, 6 HISTORICAL STATISTICS OF THE SOUTH, 1790-1970, 20 History of medicine, 1 HISTORY OF MEDICINE (Castiglioni), 10 HISTORY OF MEDICINE (Major), 10 HISTORY OF MEDICINE IN THE UNITED STATES 13 HISTORY OF NURSING, 7 ' HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY AND THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES, 8 HISTORY OF SELECTED DISEASES IN THE BLACK COMMUNITY, 6 HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE, 13 History sources, 1 Holloway, George N., 14 Holloway, Lisabeth M., 14 HONOLULU INDEX OF PLASTIC SURGERY, 7 Hubbard, W. N., Jr., 12 ILLUSTRATED DICTIONARY OF EPONYMIC SYNDROMES AND DISEASES AND THEIR SYNONYMS, 18 INDEX-CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY OF THE SURGEON GENERAL'S OFFICE, 2, 3 INDEX MEDICUS (1879-1927), 3 INDEX MEDICUS (1960-present), 2, 21, 23 INDEX TO BIOGRAPHICAL FRAGMENTS IN UNSPECIALIZED SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS, INFORMATION SOURCES IN THE MEDICAL SCIENCES, 1 INFORMATION SOURCES IN THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE, 1 INTERNATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF LEGAL MEDICINE, 7 International Society of the History of Medicine, 22 INTRODUCTION TO THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE WITH MEDICAL CHRONOLOGY, 10 INTRODUCTION TO REFERENCE SOURCES IN THE HEALTH SCIENCES, 1 Jablonski, Stanley, 18 JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND ALLIED SCIENCES, 21 Kane, Joseph N., 18 Kaufman, Martin, 14 Kelly, Emerson C, 18 Kelly, Howard A., 14 Krumbhaar, E. B., 10 LEUZ INDEX OF PLASTIC SURGERY, 7 Lourie, J. A., 19 Major, Ralph H., 10 McDowell, Frank, 7 MCDOWELL SERIES OF PLASTIC SURGICAL INDEXES, 7 McGRAW-HILL ENCYCLOPEDIA OF WORLD BIOGRAPHY, 17 MEDICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY (Garrison and Morton), 5 MEDICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY IN AN AGE OF DISCONTINUITY, MEDICAL DISCOVERIES, 19 MEDICAL EPONYMS, 19 MEDICAL HISTORY, 21 MEDICAL OBITUARIES, 14 MEDICAL REFERENCE WORKS, 1679-1966, 1 MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS, 23 MEDLINE, 23 MeSH, 23 Mestler, Gordon E., 6 Miles, Wyndham D., 13 Miller, Genevieve, 3 Mitchell, Brian R., 20 Morton, L. T., 1 Morton, Leslie T., 5 Murray, Michael A., 5 NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE CURRENT CATALOG, 2, 23 Nemec, Jaroslav, 7 NEW CENTURY CYCLOPEDIA OF NAMES, 17 NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARY INDEX, 17 NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS IN MEDICINE AND PHYSIOLOGY, 1901-1965, 15 NOTABLE AMERICAN WOMEN, 17 NURSING STUDIES INDEX, 8 Packard, Francis R., 13 PATTERSON INDEX OF PLASTIC SURGERY, 7 PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF AMERICA, 15 PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF THE UNITED STATES, 14 Porter, Roy, 18 PROFILE OF THE UNITED STATES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, 1798-1948, Purcell, Elizabeth F., 12 QUARTERLY CUMULATIVE INDEX MEDICUS, 4 QUARTERLY CUMULATIVE INDEX TO CURRENT MEDICAL LITERATURE, 4 Roos, Charles, 1 Roper, Fred W., 1 Savitt, Todd L., 14 Schmidt, Jacob E., 19 SERIAL PUBLICATIONS CONTAINING MEDICAL CLASSICS, 5 SHORT HISTORY OF MEDICINE (Ackerknecht), 10 SHORT HISTORY OF MEDICINE (Singer), 11 Singer, Charles J., 11 29 SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION OF AMERICAN MEDICINE, 13 Sourkes, Theodore L., 15 Starr, Paul, 13 STATISTICAL HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES FROM COLONIAL TIMES TO THE PRESENT, 20 Stone, Richard F., 15 SUBJECT CATALOGUE OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND RELATED SCIENCES, 2 Talbott, John H., 15 TWO CENTURIES OF AMERICAN MEDICINE, 1776-1976, 12 Underwood, Edgar A., 11 UNITES STATES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, 1798-1950, 13 Washington Society for the History of Medicine, 22 Watson, Irving A., 15 Watson, Robert I., 8 Wattenberg, Ben J., 20 Weindling, Paul, 1 Wellcome Historical Medical Library, 2 WHO WAS WHO IN AMERICA, 17 WHO WAS WHO IN AMERICAN HISTORY — SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 17 Williams, Ralph C, 12, 13 Williams, Trevor I., 16 WORLD WHO'S WHO IN SCIENCE, 17 Yale University, 8 ZEIS INDEX AND HISTORY OF PLASTIC SURGERY, 7 ft U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1984-421-132:4765