lA'Jtl %,> m.:- 1 ,^^p.'i , ■ i <■' W^ ■:.•» t-frti Wtvli,:i $»■■■ hytc ■ '■tf-yKlk}'}: 't-'Aif &fr.V, M 1 V;..!";--.!i: v' ■,/'.' ',,■ SURGEON GENERAL'S OFFICE LIBRARY. AHKBX // No. 113, NO. W.D.S.G.O. 4,"3 HZ 8—513 &ri: yd MS*. ■ *Ofl HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE: J EMBRACING THE HISTORY, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF |is*as*s in inural, INCLUDING THOSE PECULIAR TO FEMALES AND THE MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN. Fourteenth Edition, Bevised and Enlarged. BY M. FRELIGH, M. D., AUTHOR OF "FRELIGH'S COMPILATION OF THE nOM(EOPATHrC MATERIA MEDIOA, " HOMEOPATHIC POCKET COMPANION," AND " HOMCEPATIA FAMILIAR," IN HOMOEOPATHIC PHARMACEUTIST. 1884. WE K Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year )8SS By Chables T. Herebubt, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, D. C. TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE Jitto fork HOMEOPATHIC DISPENSARY ASSOCIATION, IN ADMIRATION OF THEIR ZEAL IN DISSEMINATING THK PRINCIPLES OF HOMCEOPATHY, AND Theix philanthropy in extending its Blessings to the Poor, t a x § TU UBS is MOST RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED. PREFACE. Although Homoeopathy is comparatively in its infancy, ita principles are sufficiently understood, and its success over every other system of medical practice is so well established, that it requires no vindication here; its best eulogy is the increasing and enlightened adoption of its principles and practice by all classes, and in nearly all parts of the civilized world, especially wherever the spirit of progress is dispelling the errors and prejudices of the past. Unquestionably, one reason of its rapid and unceasing ad- vance is that its principles, from their explicitness and simplicity, are better fitted for the popular understanding: another, that its treatment of disease is more specific and definite, and therefore more efficacious and reliable. Hence the marked success of the many recent, valuable works, designed to disseminate more widely among the masses, a correct knowledge and an intelligent appre- ciation of Homoeopathy. Besides contributing still further to so beneficial and desirable an object, the present volume is designed (without detracting in VI PREFACE. the least from the acknowledged merits of its predecessors) to fill a vacancy and serve an end, for which none heretofore published, it is conceived, are precisely adapted or intended, viz.: to serve, as far as possible, the three-fold purpose of a text-book for the student, a ready volume of reference for the physician, and a com- prehensive and simplified guide for domestic use. In accomplishing (as he hopes) this object, the author has con- sulted the most approved authorities of both schools of medicine, together with animal, organic and physiological Chemistry. A brief history and diagnosis of the various diseases incident to the human system, with their remote and immediate causes, are given, as also the names (with their derivations) and definitions of each disease, according to the best Medical Lexicons. He has also furnished a careful selection of medicines for each indication, pre- scribing such only as are the proved remedies of the Materia Medica and Symptomen Codex, and thereby avoiding the uncer- tainty of merely speculative remedies. It has been his endeavor throughout, to use the most clear, concise and explicit language possible, and in addition to a very copious Glossary he has introduced parenthetical explanations of technical terms and phrases, wherever they are necessary. The author's acknowledgments are due to Drs. Pulte and jHempel, for the assistance received from consulting their valuable works, and he is also under obligations to other Homoeopathic friends for valuable suggestions, in many instances the results of PREFACE. vii their medical practice, which are duly credited in their appro- priate places. Although an ardent and a sincere disciple of the great prin- ciples of Homoeopathy, the author may be thought by some professional brethren to depart, in some respects, from the strict- ness of homoeopathic treatment; as for instance, in the matter of external Applications. His only apology is that he has merely embodied therein the results of personal observation and experi- ence, and therefore claims for himself, what he is disposed to grant to all who dissent from him, an undisturbed freedom of personal opinion and practice in non-essentials. He commits the work to the Public in the hope that it may receive its generous approbation, and contribute in some degree to the advancement of the infallible principles of the immortal Hahnemann. M. F. INTRODUCTION TO THE FOURTEENTH EDITION. Every number of the previous editions of this work having been exhausted, calls for a new edition, and stimulates the publisher to renewed efforts in making this one more acceptable, from its com- pleteness, than either of its predecessors. The original text has been carefully revised, and many alterations and additions have been made, especially by the introduction of the most reliable and clinically proven of the "New Remedies" in notes, and to the conditions more legitimately within their pathogenesis and curative spheres. Also, in addition to the alterations, there has been added a brief denning of "Bright's Disease"; Pyaemia, or Blood Poison; Graves's Disease ; Addison's Disease ; Hydatids ; Gall Stones ; Typhlitis; Perityphlitis ; Insomnia; Meniere's Disease, or Aural Vertigo ; Intussusception; Aphasia ; Hyperesthesia; Polydipsia ; Periproctitis; Pica, etc. Also, a table and directions for the examination of urine and for making a qualitative analysis. Hoping thereby, from its wider range, to make it not only a ready book of reference for the physician, but a more complete and reliable guide for the laity. M. F. C. T. H. 31 West 24th St., N. Y. 3 East 19th St., N. Y. Sept. 24, 1883. Sept. 24, 1883. CONTENTS. Page 1st.—A List of the Remedies recommended; their Synonyms, Nativi- ties and Antidotes, ......... xv 2d.— External applications, . . . . . . . . xxiv 3d.—The duration of the Action of Remedies, especially in Chronic Diseases,..........xxvii 4th.— An abridged List of Remedies for a Case, or Chest, adapted to this Work,...........xxx 5th.—Attenuation, or Strength of Remedies,.....31 6th.—Dose and Form of Medicine, ....... 33 7th.—Dietetics............35 CHAPTER I. Fever, Continued—or Inflammatory — Intermittent — Remittent— Conjestive — Typhoid — Typhus — Typhus Icterus, or Yellow Fever, . ...... 37 CHAPTER II Congestion, Sthenic—Asthenic—General—Local; Congestion of the Head, Congestion of the Abdomen—of the Chest. Incubus, (Night-Mare,) . . 61 CHAPTER IH. Inflammation—Phlegmonous—Erysipelatous—Acute—Chronic.—In- flammation of the Brain—of the Nose—of the Eyes—of the Parotid Gland. Internal Ear — Larynx—Tonsils — Tongue- Trachea. Bronchia Acute—Bronchia Chronic. Palate—Gums —Lungs—Pleura—Stomach—Bowels—Heart—Liver—Spleen— Diaphragm—Peritoneum-Puerperal—Bladder—Kidneys—Knee Joint, ... . 69 CHAPTER IV. Rheumatism—Acute Articular—Chronic, of the Loins, (Lumbago)— Hip Joint, (Sciatica,)—of the Joints generally, Arthrodynia— Gout, (Podagra,) Regular—Atonic—Retrocedent—Misplaced, 121 X CONTENTS. CHAPTER V. Page Cholera —Cholera Morbus, Cholera Asiatic, Cholera Infantum.— Dysentery. — Diarrhoea.—Dyspepsia.—Constipation. — Colic- Bilious—Flatulent—Spasmodic—Painters'—and Iliac Passion, — Icterus, (Jaundice.) — Nausea, Anorexia, (Want of Appetite.)—Bulemia Adephagia, (Voracious Appetite.)—Hel- minthia, Worms.—Tricocephalus Dispar, (the Long Thread Worm.)—Ascaris Vermicularis, (Maw, or Thread Worm.—As- caris Lumbricoides, (the Common Round Worm.)—Taenia Lata, (Tape-worm.)—Taenia Solium, (Common Tape-worm,) . 126 CHAPTER VI. Dolor, Pain—Pain of the Head, Ears, Teeth, Eyes, Nose, Face, Chest, Stomach, Bowels, Back, Limbs, Wrists, Hands, Fingers, Ankles, Feet, Toes.—Pains of a Specific character, Pressing, Constric- tive, Aching, Benumbing, Tearing, Bruised, Cutting, Stitching, Gnawing, Drawing, Burning, Smarting, Throbbing, Boring, Dragging, Cramping.—Pains of the Left Side, of the Right Side, . ... 172 CHAPTER VII. Congelation, (Frost-Bitten,) Chilblains, Clavus (Corns.)—Burns and Scalds.—Fractures and Dislocations.—Contused Wounds.—La- cerated Wounds.—Incised Wounds.—Punctured Wounds.— Sprains and Strains.—Poisoned Wounds.—Bites and Stings of Insects and Serpents.—Poison from Animal Matter, 186 CHAPTER VIII. Influenza.—Asthma.—Cough.—Catarrh.—Raucedo, (Hoarseness.)— Aphonia, (Loss of Voice.)—Pertussis, (Hooping Coughs- Phthisis Pulmonalis, (Pulmonary Consumption;) Prevention; Cure.—Percussion, Ascultation, Regions, Anterior, Posterior, and Lateral.—Sounds, Succussion, etc., .... 193 CHAPTER IX. Hydrops.—Dropsy.—Anasarca, generally diffused.—Hydrocephalus, Dropsy of the Brain.—Hydrothorax, of the Chest.—Ascites, of the Abdomen.— Hydrometra of the Uterus, (Womb.)—Hydro- cele of the Scrotum.—Hydrops Ovarii, of the Ovaries.—Articuli of the Joints.—Genu, of the Knee. , 252 CONTENTS. xi CHAPTER X. Page. Haemorrhagia,—Flow of Blood, Active, Passive—Epistaxes, Bleed- ing from the Nose.—Haemoptysis, from the Lungs.—Haematem- esis, from the Stomach.—Haematuria, from the Urethra.— Menorrhagia, from the Uterus.—Haemorrhage, from the Mouth, Eyes, Ears, and from Piles (Haemorrhoids,) . . 2*72 CHAPTER XI. Cancer. —Scirrhus or Occult Cancer.—Ulcerated or Open Cancer —Cancer of the Eyes, Nose, Lips, Cheeks, Tongue, Stomach.— Orifices of the Stomach, Breasts, Womb.—Scrotum ; Encysted Tumors. — Sarcomatous.— Steatoma. — Adipose. — Scirrhus.— Medullary. —Melanotic.—Pancreatic.—Meliceris. — Mammary or Mastoid.—Fungus Haematodes, of the Eye —Extremities.— Exostosis of the Head, Legs, Arms.—Ranula ; Hernia.—Enter- ocele, Epiplocele, Entero-Epiplocele. — Inguinal. — Scrotal.— Femoral.—Umbilical.—Ventral.—Congenital.—Reducible.—Ir- reducible.—Incarcerated.—Strangulated, . . 287 CHAPTER XII. Epilepsy,—Caused by Injuries to the Head ; from Plethora ; Debil- ity; Teething.—Crudities in the Stomach.—Verminous Irritation. —Menstrual Irregularities.—Retention.—Suppression.—Final Cessation ; from Mental Emotions, Grief, Fear, Fright, Anger, Joy ; and from Sexual Indulgence. Apoplexy,—From Pletho- ra; Debility; Suppressed Menstruation; Repelled Eruptions. —Injuries. — Narcotic Poisons.—Noxious Vapours. — Mental Emotions. Paralysis,—Palsy, Partialis, confined to a particu- lar part; Hemiplegica, of one side longitudinally ; Paraphleg- ica, one half transversely. Chorea Sanctiviti,—St. Vitus' Dance.—Syncope, Fainting ; Vertigo, Giddiness; Tetanus,— Opisthotonos, when the body is drawn backward; Emprostho- tono3, forward; Pleurothotonos, to either side.—Trismus, (Lock-jaw,) when confined to the Muscles of the Jaws. Cata- lepsy —From Retention of the Menses; Fright, Fear, Anger, Disappointment, Repelled Eruptions, and Sexual Abuses. —Hydrophobia,—Canine Madness 323 CONTENTS. CHAPTER XIII. Heart—Diseases of the Heart—Hypertrophy—Valvular Disease—Peri- carditis—Endocarditis—Palpitatio Cordis. Meningitis. Progress- ive Locomotor Ataxia. Diphtheria. Oxaluria. Apparent Death from Drowning. Hiccough. Sun Stroke. Heart Burn. . CHAPTER XIV. Scrofula—General Diathesis—Swellings of the Neck. S. Ophthalmia- White Swelling. Hip Joint Disease (Morbus Coxarius). Lumbar Abscess—Psoas Abscess. Scrofula of the Mesenteric Glands. Scur- vy. Bronchocele (Goitre). Rachitis (Rickets). Paronychia (Whit- low, Felon). Anthrax—Carbuncle. Furunculous (Boil or Bile). Sycosis—Warts. Ulcers—From Contusions, Mercury, Syphilis— Scrofulous, Superficial, Fistulous, hard and indurated; Carious, Cancerous, Fungous, Varicose, Deep, Ragged, Blue, Gray, Yellow, Inflamed Borders, Foul, Black and Grangrenous, Bleeding, Painful, Painless, with Burning and Stinging. .----.- CHAPTER XV. Exanthemata—Eruptive Fevers. Variola—Small Pox. Varioloid—Mod- ified Small Pox. Vaccina—Cow or Kine Pock. Varicella—Chicken Pox. Rubeola—Measles. Scarlatina—Scarlet Fever—S. Simplex— S. Anginosa—S. Maligna. Eczema—E. Simplex—E. Rubrum—E. Impetiginodes. Roseola—R. Aestiva—R. Autumnalis—R. Annu- lata—R. Infantilis—R. Variolosa—R. Vaccina—R. Miliaria. Purpu- ria—P. Simplex—P. Urticans—P. Senilis—P. Contagiosa—P. Haem- orrhagica. Psora—Scabies. Tinea Capitis—Scald Head. Acne- Pimples on the Face. Noli me Tangere. Miliaria—Miliary Fever. Herpes—H. Farinosus—H. Pustulosus—H. Miliaris—H. Exedens— H. Circinatus—H. Labialis—H. Preputialis. Herpes, located on the Face, in the Axillae, on the Fore Arms, Joints, Genitals, Prepuce, Scrotum, Scalp—Spreading, Scaly, Suppurating, Squamous, Mercu- rial, Syphilitic. Pemphigus—P. Major—P. Minor. Urticaria—Net- tle Rash. Lichen—L. Simplex—L. Agrius—L. Pilaris—L. Lividus— L. Tropicus. Scurf—Furfurb. Erysipelas—St. Anthony's Fire—E. Simplex—E. Vesicular—E. Phlegmonoid—E. Phlegmouodes Biiio- siim—E. OjJdematodes—E. Gangrenosum—E. Neantorum. CONTENTS. Xlll CHAPTER XVI. Page Cataract—C. Lenticular—C. Capsular. Amaurosis—Complete, Incom- plete. —Ectropinin—Entropium—Leucoma, Nebula—Fistula Lachry- malis—Strabismus (Squinting)—Myopia (Near-sighted)—Presbyopia [Far-sighted)—Hordeolum (Stye)—Cancer of the Eye—Fungus Hae- metodes of the Eye...........472 CHAPTER XVII. Mental Derangement—Insanity—Mania—Monomania—Dementia—Amen- tia—Imbecility. Mental Derangement from excessive Study, Fright, Fear, Joy, Jealousy, Anger, Disappointment, Religious Enthusiasm, Intoxicating Drinks, Debility, Sexual Indulgence. Delirium Tre- mens (Mania a Potu). Hypochondriasis. Hysteria. - - - 487 CHAPTER XVIII. Alopecia—Falling of the Hair from Depletion, Severe Acute Disease during Confinement, Severe Headache; from Grief, excessive Sweat- ing, abuse of Mercury, of Quinine, from Syphilis.—Auditus—Hearing. 519 CHAPTER XIX. Seminal Weakness—Impotence—Sexual Instinct—Eruptions on the Gen- itals—Itching of the Genitals—Warty Excrescences—Inflammation and Swelling—Sweating—Phimosis, Paraphimosis, Priapisms— Syphilis—Lues Venerea—Gonorrhoea— Bubo—Node—Ulcers, prima- ry ; Ulcers, secondary — Eruptions—Gleet—Chancres—Chordee— Vegetations—Induration Syphiliti.—Diabetes—D. Mellitus—D. Insi- pid^—Dysuria—Enuresis—Gravel—Urinary Calculi, properties of. 525 CHAPTER XX. Bright's Disease of the Kidneys (Morbus Brightii).—Blank Report of a Urinary Examination.—Modes for Briefly Examining Urine, or Qualitative Analysis.—Catarrh of the Bladder.—Pyemia, Septsemia, Ichorsemia (Blood Poison).—Graves's Disease—Hydatids.—Gall Stones—Typhlitis and Perityphlitis, Periproctitis.—Addison's Dis- ease (Melasma Adisonii).—Insomnia (Want of Sleep, Wakefulness).— Tinnitus Aurium (Ringing and Roaring in the Ears).—Writer's Cramp XIV CONTENTS. (or Scrivener's Palsy).—Anaemia.—Intussusception (Invagination or Volvulus).—Meniere's Disease (Aural Vertigo).—Aphasia (Impair- ment or Loss of Power of Speech).—Hyperaesthesia.—Adiposis.— Pica.—Polydipsia.—Lymphomata........ CHAPTER XXI. Diseases and Conditions peculiar to Females—Physical Structure—Men- struation—Puberty—Retention of the Menses—Chlorosis, Green Sickness. Amenorrhcea—Suppression of the Menses.—Menorrhagia —Au Immoderate Flow of the Menses. Dysmenorrhoea—Painful or Difficult Menstruation. Irregular Menstruation. The Cessation of the Menses. The Change of Life. Leucorrhcea—Fluor Albus— Whites. Pregnancy—Duration of, (Term of Utero-gestation.)— Diseases during Pregnancy—Nausea and Vomiting.—Loss of Appe- tite.—Capricious Appetite.—Tooth-ache.—Fainting.— Dyspepsia.— Constipation.—Dysuria.—Incontinence of Urine.—Sleeplessness.— Piles.—Cramps in the Back, Limbs, Hips, Feet.—Swelling of the Feet.—Varicose Veins.—Heart-burn.—Pain in the Side.—Spots on the Face.—Pruritis.—Abortion.—Miscarriage.—Parturition.—Reten- tion of the Placenta, after Delivery.—After Pains.—Lochia.— Secretion of Milk.—Sore Nipples.—Ague in the Breast.—Gathered Breast.—Deficiency of Milk.— Suppression of Milk.— Depraved Quality of the Milk.—Excess of Milk.—Nursing.—Sore Mouth.— Puerperal Fever.—Phlegmasia Dolens—Milk Leg.—Displacements of the Uterus (Womb).—Prolapsus.—Procidentia. .... 606 CHAPTER XXII. Diseases and Management of Infants.—Asphyxia.—Washing and Dress- ing.—Diet.—Dry Nursing.—Crying.—Head Elongated.—Snuffles.— Coryza.—Restless ; Want of Sleep ; Sleeping too much.—Inflam- mation of their Eyes.—Red Gum.—Apthse.—Thrush.—Sprue or Excoriations. — Rawness and Chafing. — Icteritia — Jaundice. — Crusta Lactea.—Erysipelas.—Worms.—Vaccination.—Convulsions, Fits.— Dentition, Teething.— Cholera Infantum.— Constipation.— Diarrhoea.—Infantile Fever.—Inflammation of the Brain.—Dropsy of the Brain.—Asthma.—Choking........6C0 LIST OF REMEDIES, THEIR SYNONYMS, NATIVITIES, AND ANTIDOTES. 1. Acid, Carbolic. Carbolic Acid. Phenal (Hydrated Oxide of Phenyl) Carbolic Acid, in its chemical deportment, stands very near the alcohols. When pure it forms in long prismatic needles, which melt to a fluid at 95° F., and resembles kreosote in many particulars. 2. Aconite. Aconitum Napellut. Native of the mountain forests of France, Switzerland, and Germany. Antidotes, Uamph. Nux Vom., Acetic Acid (Vinegar). 3. uEsculus Hippocastanum. (Horse Chestnut.) Is a native of Middle Asia, but grows in the temperate climates of both hemispheres, and flour- ishes in the Northern States. 4. Aloes. Aloe Barbadensis, Aloe Hepatica, Aloe Socotrina. The Inspi- sated Juice from the Leaves of the Aloe. The Cape and the Socotrina Aloes are the varieties most used in this country. The former is from the Cape of Good Hope ; and the latter from the Island of Socotra, in the Straits of Babelmandel. Its duration of action varies from one to fourteen days. An- tidotes, for large doses, Opium; and for small ones, Vegetable Acids. 5. Anacabdium. Malacca Bean. West Indies and other parts of tropical America. Antidotes, Camph., Coffea. 6. Agaricus. Agaricus Muscarius, Bug Agaric. A species of Mushroom. Europe and America. Antidotes, Camph.., Coffea, Wine. 7. Alumina. Alum, Alnm Stone, or Alum Ores. Is found in large quantities at Tolfa and Piombino, in Italy. Antidotes, Bryonia, Cham., Ipecac. 8. Ammonium Carb. Carbonate cf Ammonia, Falts of Hartshorn. A com- pound of Carbonic Acid, Ammonia and Water. Antidotes, Am. Camph., Hep.-sulph. 9. Apocynum Cannabinum. Indian Hemp. United States. Antidotes, Bry. Chin, and Ipecac. 10. Apis Mel. ApisMellifica, Honey Bee. United States. Antidotes, China, Arsen., Ipecac. XVI LIST OF REMEDIES. 11. Antimony Crude. Crude Antimony. Regulus of Antimony. A native Mineral of France and Germany. 12. Angustura. Bonplandia Trifoliata, Galipea Officinalis, of the United States and Edinburgh Pharmacopoeias. Native of South America. Anti- dote, Coffea. 13. Arnica. Arnica Montana, Leopard's Bane. Native of mountainous dis- tricts of Europe and Siberia, and the northern districts of this Continent west of the Mississippi. (Nuttall.) Antidotes, Camphor, IgnaUa. 14. Argent-Nit. Arguntum Nitratum, Nitrate of Silver. Silver, in its mine- ral state, is found in Mexico, Peru, Norway, Hungary, and Transylvania, and in different localities in the United States. Antidotes, Merc.-Cors., Nalrum-Muriat, Nil.-Acid. 15. Arsenicum. Arsenicum Album, Acidum Arseniosum, Arsenious Acid, White Arsenic. It is generally found, in the form of the Grey Sulphuret or Bisulphuret, in Saxony, Bohemia, Transylvania, and in volcanic regions. Antidotes for large doses, Hydrated Peroxyde of Iron, Sesquioxyde and the Muriate Tinct. of Iron ; for small doses, Camphor, Chin., Ferr., Ipe- cac, Nux-Vom. 16. Artemisia. Mugwort. Europe and America. Antidotes. 17. Asparagus. Asparagus Officinalis. Europe and America. Antidote, Coffea. 18. Aurum-Foliat. Gold Leaf. Gold is now being found in large quantities in California, Australia, and in the Southern States of the Union. Antidotes, Bell., Chin., Cuprum, Merc. 19. Aurum. Nitro-Muriat. Nitro Muriat of Gold. A compound of the metal with Nitro-Muriatic Acid. [Aqua Regea.) 21. Baptisia Tinctoria. Wild Indigo. Indigenous; grows in most parts of the United States. Flowers in July and August. 22. Baryta Carbonica. Carbonate of Baryta. The native Carbonate is found in Sweden, Scotland, and in the lead mines of the North of England. Antidotes, Sulph., Magnesia, for large doses; for small ones, Bell., Camph., Dulc, Merc. 20. Belladonna. Atropa Belladonna, Deadly Nightshade. Native of Europe and America. Antidotes, Coffea. Camphor, Opii. Hyosciam. 23. Bovista. Lycoperdon Bovista, Puff-ball. Europe and America. Anti- dote, Camphor. 24. Borax. Borate of Soda. Borax is a native of the East, and is also found in South America. Antidotes, Coffea Crud., Cham., Wine. 25. Bromine. Bromine is an elementary body, somewhat analagous to Chlo- rine aud Iodine. It has been detected in many of our mineral springs in New-York and Pennsylvania. Antidotes, for large doses, are, Opii, Coff., Amm.; for small doses, Coff., Camph., Ammonia. 26. Bryonia. Bryonia Alba, White Bryony. Native of Europe. Antidotes, Aconite, Cham., lgnatia, Nux-Vomtca. 27. Cactus Grandiflorus. Night-Blooming Cereus. Indigenous to Mex- ico aud the West India Islands. It is saidto bloom in the month of July at Naples, where it thrives iu the open air. LIST OF REMEDIES. XVI1 28. Calcarea Carb. Caibonate of Lime. Lime is an abundant natural pro- duction but never found pure. Antidotes, Nit.-Acid, Spts. Nit. and Sulph. 29. Calcarea Phos. Phosphate of Lime. A chemical combination of Phos.- Acid and Lime. Antidotes, Nit.-Acid, Sulph.-Acid. 30. Camphora. Camphor is extracted from the Camphcra Officinarum of Nees, or Laurus Camphora of Linnaeus; it is an evergreen tree, native of China, Japan, and other parts of Eastern Asia. Antidotes, Opii, Spts. Nit. Dulc. 31. Cannabis. Cannabis Sativa. Hemp is a native and quicksilver. Antidotes, Albumen (white of eggs), for large doses ; Hepar-sulph., Nit-acid, and Aurum Nitro-muriat for small doses. 94. Mercurius Solubulus. Black Oxyd of Mercury. Prepared from the Proto-nitrate of Mercury and Ammonia. Antidotes, Hepar-sulph., Nil. Acid. 95. Mezereum. Mezerion, Daphne Mezereum. Native of Great Britain. An- tidote, Mercury, Nit. Acid. 96. Moschus. Musk. A strong odorous concrete substance taken from the Maschus Moschiferous (Musk Deer), which inhabits the mountainous re- gions of Central Asia, Antidotes, Camph., Coffee. 97. Muriatic Acid. AciJum Muriaticum, Acidum hydrochlortcum. Obtained by the action of Sulphuric Acid on Chloride of 'Sodium, or common Salt Antidotes, for large doses, Magnesia Calcined, and other alkalies; foi small doses, Dry. Champ. 98 Natrum Carbonicum. Carbonate of Soda, Natron. A combination ol one equivalent of Carbonic Acid with one of Soda. The native Soda is found in Hungary, Egypt, and South America Antidotes, Ars., Camph., Spts. Nit. 99 Natrum Muriaticum. Muriate of Soda, Sodii Chloridum, Chloride of Soda. It consists of one equivalent of Chlorine and one of Sodium, com mou table-salt. Antidotes, Ars.,, Camph., Spls. Nit. 100 Nitric Acidum. Nitric Acid, Aquafortis. Prepared from Nitrate of Po- ' tassa, and Sulphuric Acid. Antidotes, Calc-.Carb., Comum., Camph., Hepar-sulph., Sulph. 191 Nux-Vomica. Strychnos Nux-Vomica. The nuts or seeds of a tree indi- ' genousto the East Indies, growing in Bengal, Malabar, and the Coast of Coromandel in Ceylon. Antidotes, Aconite, Camph., Coff., Pulsatilla. 10° Oleander. Nereum Oleander, Laurel Rose. Native of the southern and tropkal climates. Antidotes, Camph., Cocc, Nux-Vom. 103 Opium Gum Opii. The concrete juice of the unripe capsules of the Papa- ' ver Somniferum Native of Hindostan, Persia, Egypt, and the Asiatic dominions of Turkey Antidotes, Coffee, Camph., Bell, Hyosciam., Ipe- cac, Nux-Vom., Sfc; for large doses, a fall emetic. 104 Petroleum. A dark, liquid bitumen, spontaneously flowing from the ' earth. Rock-oil, Barbadoes-tar. Principally found at Arniano, in Italy; at Gabian, in France, and along the shores of tne Caspian oea; also at differ- ent localities in the United States. Antidotes, Aconite, Nux- Vom. 105 Phosphorus. Phosphorus is an elementary substance discovered by Brandt an Alchemist of Hamburg, in 1669. It is now manufactured from SaTdned Bones, Sulphuric Acid, and Powdered Charcoal. Antidotes, for large doses, Emetics Magnesia in small doses, Camph. Nux-Vom, Podophyllin. The active principle of the Podophyllum Peltalatum (May Apple.) Antidotes, Nux. Vom. XXII LIST OF REMEDIES. 1©6. Phosphoric Acid. Prepared from Phosphorus and Nitric or Sulphuric Acid. Antidotes, Camph., Coffee. 107. Phytolacca Decandra. Poke-Weed. Native of the United States, and grows in nearly all parts, along hedges, the road-side and neglected fields. It bears a small dark red, almost black appearing, berry. 108. Platina. Platinum. A metal found in the Parishes of Novita and Citaria, north of Choco, in Peru, and near Carthagenia, in South America. Anti- dotes, Spts. Nitre, Puis. 10.1. Plumbum. Lead. Is generally found in the form of a Sulphuret called Ga- lena. The most extensive region of Galena mines in the world is in Un- united States, extending from Wisconsin to Arkansas, a breadth of about one hundred and fifty miles. Antidotes in large doses are, Opii and Olire Oil. Olive Oil is a prophylatic against its effects 110. Pulsatilla. Pulsatilla, Nigricans, Anemone Pratensis, Meadow Anemone. Native of Europe. There are several species in this country. Antidotes, Cham., Coff., Ignatia, Nux-Vom., Vinegar. Ill Ranunculus. Ranunculus Bulbosus, Crowfoot. Native of Europe and America. Antidotes, Camph., Bry., Puis., Rhus-tox. 112. Rheum. Rhubarb, the root of Rheum Palmatum. There are other vari- eties. Native of China, Turkey and India. That of Turkey is most supe- rior. Antidotes Camph., Cham., Nux-Vom.; in large doses, Opium. 113 Rhus-Radicans. Poison Ivy, Poison Vine. Native of the Southern States. Antidotes, Bry., Camph., Coff, Merc , Puis., Sulph. 114. Rhus Toxicodendron. Poison Oak. Grows wild in the woods and alongthe roads from Canada to Georgia. Antidotes, Bry., Camph., Coff., Sulph. 115. Rumex Crispus. Yellow Dock. A plant originally from Europe, but now may be considered indigenous to this country. 116 Ruta. Rue, Ruta graveolens. Native of the south of Europe, but cultivated in our gardens generally for domestic purposes. Antidote, Camphor. 117. Sabadilla. Cevadilla, the seeds or fruit of the Veratrum Sabadilla. Na- tive of Mexico. Antidotes, Camp, and Pulsatilla. 118. Sabina. Savin, Juniperus Sabina. Native of the south of Europe and the Levant; it also grows wild on the borders of our north-western Lakes. Antidotes, Camp, and Pulsatilla. 119. Sambucus. Sambucus Canadensis, Sambucus Niger, Elder. Native of Europe and America; it grows wild along fences and the borders of small streams. Antidotes, Arsenie, Camph. 120. Sanguinaria. Sanguinaria Canadensis, Bloodroot. Native of North America, growing in abundance throughout the United States. 121. Santonine. Active principle of Wormseed. Santouica Semen. 122. Sarsaparilla. The root of Smilex Officinalis. Native of Mexico, Guate- mala, and the warmer latitudes of South America. There are different species throughout the United States. That of the highest repute comes from Honduras. Antidote, Camphor. 123. Scillae Scilla Maratiina, Squill. Native of the sea coast of Spain. France, Italy and Greece, and other parts bordering on the Mediterranean. Antidote. Camphor. LIST OF REMEDIES. XX HI 124. Secale. Seca'e Cornutum, Spurred Rye, Ergot. A diseased fungous or parasitic growth occupying the place of the healthy or natural seed of the Rye. Antidotes, Camph., Sol., Nig.; large or continued doses, Wine and Malt liquors. lv.'5. Sepia. Sepia Officinalis. The Sepia used in medicine is the juice of the Cuttle-fish, which inhabits the seas of Europe, especially the Mediterranean. Antidotes, Aconite, Spin. Nit. Dulc, Tart. Ant., Acetic Acid. 126. Silicea. Silex, Silica, Silicious Earth. Found in districts abounding in lime stone, and in many of the minerals. Antidotes, Camph., Hepar-sulph. 127. Spigelia. Spigelia Marilandica, Pink-root. Native of America; Spigelia Anthelmia, of South America and the West Indies. Antidotes, Aurum, Camph , Hyosciam, S/ramo. 128. Spongia. Sponge, (Marina tosta) Toasted Sponge, Spongia Officinalis of the Pharmacopoeas. Inhabits the bottom of the sea, and is attached to rock or other solid bodies ; chiefly in the Mediterranean and Red Seas, and in those of the East and West Indies. Antidote, Camphor. 129. Stannum. Tin. Found in different parts of Europe, Mexico, and the United States. Antidote, Pulsatilla. 130. Staphysagra. Stavesacre, Delphinium, Staphysagrin. Native of South of Europe. Antidote, Camphor. 131. Sticta Pulmonaria, Lung-wort. Found in New England, New-York, and Pennsylvania. 132. Stramonium. Datura Stramonium. Thorn-apple. Native of Europe, America and Asia ; grows most abundantly in the United States, along the roads, about barn-yards and commons. Antidotes, Vegitable Acids, Opii, Nux-Vom., and Tabae. 133. Sulphur. Sulphur Sublimatum. Sulphur is generally found throughout the mineral kingdom ; it is most abundant in volcanic countries. Anti- dotes, Aconite, Camph., Chin., Merc, Nux-Vom., Puis. 134. Sulph-Acid. Sulphuric Acid, Acidium Sulphuricum, Oil Vitriol. Formed from Sulphur t.nd Nitre. Antidote, Pulsatilla. 135. Tart-Emetic. Tartar Emetic, Antimony Tartarizatum, Tartrate of Anti- mony and Potassa. Antidotes, for large doses are China, Opii ; for small ones, Ipecac, Assafast., China., Cocc, Opii, Puis. 136. Tabacum. Tabacum Nicotiana, Tobacco. Native of tropical America, but now cultivated extensively in the Southern States. Antidotes, for large doses, are Camphor, Wine, Amrn.; for small doses, Camph., Ipecac, Bell. Nux- Vom. 137. Teucrium. Teucrium, Marum Verum. Native of the south of Europe. Antidote, Camph., Ignatia. 138. Thuja. Thuja Occidentalis, Arbor Vita?. Grows wild from Canada to Georgia, and is cultivated in gardens as an ornament. Antidotes, Cham. Cocc, Merc. 139. Urtica Urens. Dwarf Nettle. Grows wild in Europe and America. 140. Veratrum. Veratrum Alba, White Hellebore. A native of the moun- tainous regions of Continental Europe ; most abundant in the Alps and Pyrenees. Antidotes, Aconite, Camph., Coffea. 141. Veratrum Viride. American Hellebore. Indigenous to the United States. It grows in swamps, low grounds and moist meadows. Flowers in June and July. 142. Zinci Vallerianas. Valerianate of Zinc. XXIV LIST OF REMEDIES. ADDENDA. Cannabis Indica. East Indian Hemp, Hashish. Native of Asia. Antidotes, Citros Union, Camph., Cantharis. Castanea Vesca. Chestnut, Native of the United States. Chelidonium Majus. Celandine, Tetter-wort. Native of Europe. Anti- dotes, Camph., Acids, Aconite, Nux, and Coffee. Helonias Dioica. Blazing Star, False Unicorn. Native of America. Kali Iodide. See Kali Hydriodicum. Lilium Tigrinum. Tiger Lily. Native of China. Cultivated in America, aud is a common garden plant. Antidotes, Helonias, Put. and Nux. Lithium Carb. Carbonate of Lithia. Salt of Lithium one of the alkaline metals. Plantago Major. Plantain. Common in Europe and North America. Uranium Nitricum. Nitrate of Uranium. A chemical salt of the Pitch- blende mineral. Viburnum Opulus. High Cranberry, Snowball. Common in Eastern part of the United States, and grows in low grounds near streams. EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS. The following remedies are frequently, and in many instances judiciously used as external or local applications. In contusions, sprains, strains, severe neural- gic pains, toothache, burns and scalds, sunburns, erysipelas, foul ulcers, tumors, eruptions, frozen parts, bites and stings of insects, piles, corns, irritated and ulcerated mucous surfaces, such as catarrhs, ulcerated sore throat, inflamed eyes, &c.: Tinct. Aconite. Tinct. Hamamelis (Witch-hazel). " Arnica. " Hydrastis. " Apis Mellifica. " Urtica Urens. " Cantharides. " Iodine. " Calendula. " RhusTox. " Camphor. " Thuja. " Symphytum. Kreosote. " Ruta. Carbolic Acid. Natrum (Table Salt). In severe jumping Toothache (tooth decayed), and in severe neuralgic pain of a spot, or point of the face, temple, or brow, and especially if the pain is attended with a burning and pricking sensation. In the former, wet a piece of lint or cotton with the pure Tinct. of Aconite, and apply it by gently introducing it in the cavity of the tooth. To the latter, simply wet the part. EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS. XXV For Sprains, Strains, and Contusions, Tinct. Arnica, Calendula, Symphytum, Ruta, and Hamamelis, diluted with from three to four parts of water, and applied by simply washing the part, or by applying a piece of old linen or cotton cloth wet with it, excepting the Hamamelis, which may be reduced by using one or two parts of water. For Burns, Scalds, and Sun-burns, Urtica Urens. Mix twenty drops in a gill of water, and apply it to the part by wetting a piece of old fine linen. Keep re- newing it until the part turns white, then dress with simple cerate or cold cream. In case of Vesicular Erysipelas, Tinct. Cantharides, diluted with seven times its bulk of water, and apply similar to the Urtica—omitting the cold cream and cerate. In Erysipelatous Inflammation, attended with much burning, biting, stinging and itching, Hydrastis may be applied, diluted, using from ten to twenty drops to an ounce of water, and applied by means of old fine linen, and repeated until the distress and increased heat and redness disappear. In a Pustular Eruption, Rhus Tox may be applied, ten drops of the tincture to an ounce of water. In case of Hard Swellings and Indurated Glands, paint the parts with the Tinct. of Iodine once a day. For old, indolent and putrid Ulcers, cleanse the part with Carbolic Acid, by using thirty grains of the crystals dissolved in six ounces of water, and applied by wetting Hut, or a piece of old linen, or by means of the Patent Spray or Gal- vante's Vaporizer. It is also an admirable remedy in case of old chronic or ulcerative Catarrh, and in malignant or putrid sore throat, applied in spray. The strength may be varied according to the effect. For Bunions and Corns, bathe the part at night, before retiring, with Thuja, or apply lint wet with the tincture diluted one half. As an external application in case of Piles, Hamamelis, diluted with two or three times its bulk of water, answers a good purpose. For Inflamed and Weak Eyes, a teaspoonful of Table Salt mixed in eight ounces of water, applied two or three times a day, will generally afford relief. But if the inflammation is of a Catarrhal character, warm milk and water is decidedly preferable. For Leucorrhoea (resistingconstitutional treatment), Hamamelis (Pond's Ex- tract] one part to five or six of water; inject into the vagina abouta tablespoon- ful two or three times a day, or dissolve a scruple of Sulphate of Zinc and three grains of Sulph. Morphine in a pint of water, and use as above. (It is also a fine injection for another condition.) For Bites and Stings of Insects, Spts. Camph., Aqua Amm., Apis. Mel., Ham- amelis and Arnica are good remedies, simply wetting the part with the remedy selected. For Chilblains, Tinct. Cantharides and Tinct. Camphor. Simply wet the part with the tincture before retiring. Note.—The strength of the remedies are given simply as a general guide. It is presumed that the person using them will vary their strength according to the sensitiveness of the part, and the effect that they have in accomplishing the ob- ject for which they are used. DURATION OF ACTION, OF THE REMEDIES RECOMMENDED, ESPECIALLY IN CHRONIC DISEASES. Aconite, duration of action from half-an-hour to forty ■ eight hours, or longer. Anacardium, " cases. Aloes, " Agaricus, " affections Alumina, " Ammonium Carb , " cases Apocynum Cannabinum, " Apis-mel, " Antimony Crude, " Augustura, " Arnica, " Argentum Nit., " in the circulation. Arsenic, " days in Chronic affections. Artemesia, «« Asparagus, " Aurum foliat, " many cases. Aurum Nitro Muriat, " affections. Belladonna, " Baryta Carbonica, " Bovista, «< Borax, << Bromine, «< Bryonia, «< sometimes from four to five weeks thirty days in Chronic not known. forty days in Chronic forty days in some cases. forty days in some Chronic 6eveTal weeks. four weeks in Chronic cases. from six to ten days. for years when carried up from thirty-six to forty not known. from six weeks to years in several weeks in Chronic from a day to months. fifty days. upwards of fifty days. four weeks. from four to five days and DURATION OF ACTION. XXvii Calcarea Carb, Calcarea Phos, Carbonate. Camphora, supposed not to Cannibis, Cantharis, Capsicum, Carbo-Animalis, Carbo-Vegetabilis, Causticum, Chamomilla, China, Cicuta, Cina, Cinnamon, Cocculus, Coffea, Colchicum, Colocynthus, Conium, Copaiva, Crocus, Cuprum, Digitalis, Drosera, Dulcamara. Elaterium, Euphrasia, Eupatoreum, Ferrum Metal, that few remedies possess Ferrum Phos., lie, but for weeks Graphites, Gratiola, Guiac, Helleborus Nigr, Hepar-sulph., duration of action upwards of fifty days. " *' much the same as the " not definitely known, but be long in consequence of its volatility. duration of action for several weeks. " for weeks and even years " about three weeks. " about forty days. " " fifty days. " from three to four days " from two to three weeks " from five to six weeks. from eight to fourteen days about ten days. from days to weeks. from thirty to forty days from*thirty to fifty days from one to three weeks. eight days and upwards. from a week to a fortnight from forty to fifty days. from two to three weeks. from three to four weeks from one to fifteen days. a degree of permanency not as lasting as the Metal- about fifty days. from three to twelve days from four to five weeks. from three to four weeks about eight weeks. xxviii DERATION OF ACTION. Hydrocyanic Acid, even months. Hyosciamus, weeks. Ignatia, Iodine, Ipecac, days. Jalap, Kali Carb, Kali hydryodicum, pecially in proaucing Kali Bichromicum, Kreosot, Lachesis, Lacfcuca Virosa, Laurocerasus, Ledum Palustre, Lobelia inflata, weeks. Lycopodium, Mercurius Cors., even years. Mercurius Solub., even years. Mezereum, and longer. Moschus, days. Muriatic Acid, Natrum Carbonicum, Natrum Muriat, Nitric Acid, Nux-Vomica, days. Oleander, Opium, Petroleum, weeks. duration of action from hours to weeks and '« «« from eight hours to several " " from two to nine days. «' «« about six weeks. ' " " from two hours to several " " from one to six or eight days. " " from five to six weeks. " " for weeks and months, es- hgemorrhagic diathesis. duration of action from two days to three weeks. " " from two to twelve days. " " from four to five weeks. " " not definitely ascertained " " from eight to fourteen days. '* " several weeks. " " from six or eight hours to " " from forty to fifty days " " from days to weeks and " M from days to weeks and " " from six days to six weeks " " from a few hours to several " " five weeks and upwards. " " from thirty to forty days >< << .. .. ci " " for several weeks. " " from fifteen to twenty-one " " not definitely ascertained. " " from a few hours to months. " " from ten days to three DURATION OF ACTION. xxix Phosphorus, duration of action, of long duration ; time not definitely ascertained. Phosphoric Acid, «« '< of long duration; time not definitely ascertained. Platina, " " from three to six weeks. Plumbum, " '« colicky from one to ten days, paralysis weeks and months. Pulsatilla, Ranunculus, Rheum, Rhus-radicans, Rhus-toxicodendron, Ruta, Sabadilla, " ' weeks. Sabina, " « weeks. Sambucus, " ' days. Sanguinaria, " ' Sarsaparilla, " " diseases. Scillae, hours. Secale Cornu, " " weeks. Sepia, " " Silicea, " " that of Calcarea. Spigelia. «' " rasus and Digitalis Spongia, " " Stannum, " fully known Staphysagra, " " Stramonium, " " Sulphur, three week6. Sulphuric Acid, " " strains ; much longer in Chronic diseases duration of action from one to ten days. " " from twenty to forty days. " " from one to ten days. " " from five to seven weeks " " from one to three weeks. " " not definitely ascertained " " from six or eight hours to " " from six or eight hours to " " from one to eight or ten " " from six to forty-eight hours. «« " a long time in chronic " " from three to forty-eight " " from two or three hours to " " of long duration similar to «' " similar to that of Lauroce- « " similar to that of Iodine. " «< of long duration ; time not from thirty to forty days. from six days to two and from two to ten days in LIST OF REMEDIES. duration of action from two hours to a fort- «< " from one day to thirty. <« " not definitely ascertained << «« from two to nine days. » << from one hour to a week, from one hour to six or AN ABRIDGED LIST OF REMEDIES, FORMING A CONVENIENT POCKET CASE, OR A CASE FOB DOMESTIC USE, AND WELL ADAPTED TO THIS WORK. Aconite. Antimony. Arnica.—Arsenicum. Belladonna. Bryonia Alba. Calcarea Carb. Camphora. Cantharides. Capsicum. Carbo Veg. Causticum. Chamomilla. China or Cinchona Cina. Cocculus. Coffea. Colocynth. Drosera. Dulcamara. Euphrasia. Ferrum. Graphites. XXX Tartar Emetic, night. Tabacum, Thuja, Teucrium, Urtica Urens, in burns. Veratrum, eight days. Hepar-sulphur. Hyosciamus. Ignatia. Ipecacuanha. Kali Carb. Lachesis. Mercurius. Nux-Vomica. Opium. Phosphorus. Pulsatilla. Rhus-toxicodendron Sambujut Sepia. Silicea. Spigelia. Spongia. Staphysagra Sulphur. Thuja. Urtica Ureas Veratrum. ATTENUATION OR STRENGTH OF DRUGS. It will be perceived that I have carefully avoided (with but few exceptions) laying down any definite rule in re- gard to the strength and dose of the different remedies employed or recommended in this work. My reasons for this must be obvious, to the intelligent physician at least. Although much has been written upon the subject, it re- mains far from being a settled question ; while some of our best practitioners use principally the lower attenua- tions, others of equal repute choose the higher. A due respect to the opinions of both (many of whom have con- tributed largely to the fund of medical science) would, in the absence of a proper regard for the predilections of other friends to Homoeopathy, forbid the adoption of a fixed rule, even though I thought it possible, which how- ever I do not. For not only age, temperament, predispo- sition, idiosyncrasy, sex, character of the disease, (whether it be acute or chronic, organic and of the more delicate structure, or of the ligaments and the general aponeurotic tissue,) but also the character of the drug to be employed, should be taken into consideration, and necessarily must influence the dose to a greater or less extent. We see it further exemplified in remedying mechanical and antidot- ing chemical diseases. 32 HOMCEPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Taking the above as a guide, I cannot confine myself to any particular attenuation or strength of drug, but must adapt the remedies to the exigencies of the case under the conditions above expressed ; using the higher attenuations in organic disease, with children and females ; children and females being more susceptible from their delicacy of organization ; and employing the lower attenuations in rheumatic affections, diseases of the skin, and with those about middle-aged, as their " resisting power against mor- bific agencies and medicinal impressions are the greatest." DOSE AND FORM OF MEDICINE. As some prefer pellets, some tinctures, and others triturations, it may be of use to lay down a general rule governing the administration of each form of drug. When pellets are used, five or six may be placed on the tongue and allowed to dissolve, followed by a draught of water ; or ten or twelve may be dissolved in a tumbler half full of pure cold water, well stirred, and a teaspoonful given at a dose. When tinctures are used, drop from one to three or four drops in a tumbler, partially filled (say a half or two-thirds) with pure cold water, stir it well, and give from a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful at a dose, as the case may seem to require, whether the patient be a child or an adult. When triturations (powders) are used, give as much as will lay on the point of a penknife blade, either dry on the tongue, or dissolved in water similar to the pellets.* I have generally given the repetition or frequency of dose in each form of the disease; more as a general guide to the patient than as a dictation to the physician, who, it is presumed, will act upon his own judgment in this respect, based upon his knowledge of the character and location of the disease, and the duration of action of the remedy em- ployed. But it is not to be supposed that he can remem- * Mix as much of the powder as will lie on a ten cent piece in water, similar to the pellets, and give in like doses. 3 34 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. ber the duration of action of each individual drug in all cases, and to aid him, by obviating the necessity of refer- ring to the Materia Medica, or Symptomen Codex, espe- cially when prescribing for chroilic diseases, I have fur- nished a table of the various drugs, with their duration of action carefully collated from our best and most approved authority. DIETETICS. The success of Homoeopathic treatment, in many in- stances, depends as much upon the proper observance of dietetic rules as upon the selection of the drug. For if the diet is not in accordance with the ends to be accom plished by the medicines, the latter must fall far short of accomplishing the object for which they were adminis- tered, and this depends as much (and frequently more) upon the influence of improper articles of food and condi- ments in interfering with the action of the medicines, by partially or fully antidoting their effects, than upon their pernicious effects upon the system singly considered. Under the several diseases, I have generally indicated the appropriate diet; but it may not be amiss to note un- der a general head the articles considered objectionable or positively injurious during the use of homoeopathic me- dicines, viz. : beef, pork, fish and other meats, salted or salted and smoked, or pickled in vinegar. Fish not hav- ing scales, as catfish, eels, lobsters, crabs, and clams. Highly seasoned dishes, with pepper, spices, or aromatics. Cakes or other pastry prepared with soda, cream of tartar or saleratus ; spiced, aromatic or flavored confectionary. Vegetables and fruits, celery and spinage, water cresses, lettuce, peppergrass, parsley, radishes and parsnips, pine- 36 H0M030PATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. apples, sour oranges, lemons, bananas, and the ordinary sour fruits and nuts of an oily and aromatic nature. * * * Distilled and malt liquors ; mead, soda, and min- eral waters ; lemon, root, soda, and spruce beers. Avoid also Allopathic drugs of every name and form ; and the use of mustard paste, the fumes of vinegars, colognes, camphor, hartshorn, aromatic vinegar, smelling salts and the ordinary pungents ; also carefully guard against the inhaling of carbonic acid or sulphurous gas which fre- quently escapes from grates, furnaces and stoves in which anthracite coal or the ordinary charcoal is burned. HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. CHAPTER I. FEVER. Febris. (Febris, from ferveo, to burn,) a fever. Dr. Hooper describes fever as a " disease characterized by an increase of heat, an accelerated pulse, a foul tongue, and an impaired state of several functions of the body," and divides it into about sixty varieties. We agree with Dr. Pulte, that " the term fever is frequently misunderstood ;" for it is applied not only to every reactive force of the vital powers against disease, but also to that condition where the " vis a tergo," or vital forces, are actually abridged, as in the Epialus of Galen, or the Quercera of the ancient Latins. Dr. Eberle says, that " the history of practical medicine consists of little else than a review of the doctrines which have successively risen and sunk again concerning the nature and treatment of fever. Whatever other objects of interest or importance, within the dominion of medical science, may have attracted the attention of physicians, fever has at all times been viewed as presenting the most extensive and inviting 38 H0MG30PATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. field for observation and the exercise of ingenuity. It is in this department that observation and research have been most industrious in accumulating materials, and that hypothesis has luxuriated in her wildest exuberance." The doctor's assertions are fully proved by the hypothet- ical doctrines of the past, embraced in part by the humo- ral and pathological theories ; some regarding all diseases as fevers, and necessarily idiopathic in their nature, while others, equally zealous, maintain that all fevers are (symp- tomatic) depending upon primary irritation, or upon some local focus of inflammation. This local cause of fever is referred by Eisenmann, Henle and others, to the spinal marrow, and by Broussais to the mucus surfaces of the stomach and bowels. But it is unnecessary further to notice these speculative, vague and contradictory theories concerning the pathology of fevers ; its uncertainty to the allopathic physician must be hazardous in the extreme by misguiding his treatment, and to the homoeopathic phy- sician it is altogether needless, in a practical point of view, even though it could be referred to spinal irritation. to the mucous surfaces of the primae viae, or to the effects of morbific agents upon the sentient extremities of the nerves : for we must regard the pathognomonic symp- toms of fever as the reaction of the organism against mor- bific cause ; and by referring to the ultimate constituents of that organism, and the specific law governing their re- lation, the philosophy of disease is explained, the mys- terious problem of fever solved, and indications of cure established. All that is necessary to be noticed in the homoeopa- thic treatment of fevers is the cause, the local symptoms, the type and duration of the paroxysm, and to which of the following divisions it belongs :— FEVER. 39 1st. Continued Fever ; 2nd. Intermittent Fever ; 3rd. Remittent Fever ; 4th. Typhus Fever ; 5th. Typhus Icterus, or Yellow Fever ; 6th. Eruptive Fevers, embracing Scarlet Fever, Mea- sles, Small Pox, and its modifications, Chicken Pox. Miliary Fever, etc. I. CONTINUED FEVER. The term continued is applied in pathology to diseases which go on with a regular class of symptoms, continu- ing; without intermission until the disease terminates, which, as the term implies, is the case in this form of fever. Diagnosis.—In simple continued fever the febrile reac- tion is not very strong : the pulse is but moderately accel- erated, the skin is dry, and somewhat above the ordinary temperature ; the tongue is furred ; there is thirst, loss of appetite, and sometimes a degree of heaviness about the head, and pain in the back and limbs. But in the severer grade the disease is ushered in by a cold stage, general lassitude, restlessness, head-ache, and confusion in the brain, nausea, and sometimes vomiting. The pulse, at first, is small and irritable, but gradually becomes full and hard ; skin hot and dry ; face flushed; beating and throb- bing pain in the head ; urine high colored, and voided in small quantities; the patient becomes morose and irritable, and unable to fix his attention upon any par- ticular subject: and if these symptoms are not arrested, the fever is prone to run into one of low grade. 40 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Cause.—Cold is unquestionably the most common cause of the continued fevers of the northern latitudes. Other causes are low temperatures, or sudden vicissitudes, aided by a deranged state of the stomach and bowels, together with long-continued fatigue, exposure, and want of rest. Treatment.—In the simple form of continued fever, attended by shivering, alternate flashes of heat and rest- lessness, quick pulse and a dry skin. Aconite. But when the symptoms are more severe, such as great heat and dryness of the skin, stupefying headache or sharp stitches through the head, lameness of the back, and stiff- ness of the muscles of the neck. Aconite and Dulc. in alternation. When the skin is hot and dry, attended by a burning sensation ; the face flushed or red and swollen ; the eyes injected and the mind wandering ; the pulse strong and quick or full and slow. Belladonna. When in addition to the above symptoms, the stomach appears deranged by occasional retching or retching and vomiting ; or if these appear as prominent symptoms. Ipecac. Administration.—Give the Aconite every two or three hours, until a moderate perspiration sets in ; but should the disease not yield, and require the other drugs, they may be administered every two, three, or four hours (ac- cording to the severity of the symptoms) in alternation ; excepting Ipecac, with Dulc, as the former partially antidotes the latter. There is no objection to warm applications to the feet if they are cold ; nor to sponging the forehead and temples with cold water, if there is much cerebral excitement. fever. 41 Diet and Regimen.—The diet must be light and unir- ritating, and every thing avoided that tends in the least to excitement. Cold water is the best beverage, far bet- ter than the many teas generally recommended. The temperature of the apartment should be moderate. II. INTERMITTENT FEVER. Intermittent fever is known by the cold, hot, and sweat- ing stages, which succeed each other in regular paroxysms, and are followed by an intermission (apyrexia). It is divided according to the type, into quotidian, when the paroxysms return generally in the morning at intervals of every twenty-four hours ; into tertian, when the parox- ysms commonly come on about mid-day, at intervals of about forty-eight hours ; and into quartan, when the par- oxysms come on in the afternoon, with an interval of about seventy-two hours. There are other forms or divisions noticed, such as the quintan, double and triple tertian, double and triple quartan, which all may be very correct, but which it is unnecessary to particularize here. Diagnosis.—The symptoms which characterize the form- ing stage of intermittents, are not dissimilar to those of other fevers ; such as lassitude, yawning and stretch- ing, weariness, and slight aching pains in the back and extremities. These symptoms continue for a few hours, or for even two or three days, when the patient begins to experience a cold sensation along the back ; a continued yawning and stretching : the hands and feet become rather cold and pale ; a blue appearance beneath the nails, man- ifest irritability and moroseness ; the skin becomes cool, pale, contracted and rough ; the pulse small, frequent 42 homoeopathic practice of medicine. and contracted ; a slight trembling sets in, generally be- ginning with the jaws and teeth, and extending over the entire frame ; which constitutes what is technically term- ed rigors; the breathing is hurried, anxious, and op- pressed. The duration of this stage varies from a few minutes to two or three hours, when it gradually abates and flushes of heat pass over the face and body ; the heat gradually increases until it predominates in the hot stage ; face flushed ; skin hot and dry ; great thirst ; pulse frequent; respiration free, but hurried ; pain in the fore- head, back, and extremities; sometimes slight wander- ing before the succeeding, or sweating stage. The hot stage continues generally longer than the cold, and ter- minates in a gradual abatement of symptoms ; a mod- erate perspiration appears, the pulse becomes more natural, breathing easy, and all the febrile symptoms subside by the appearance of a full and sometimes drenching per- spiration ; this is the third or sweating stage and ter- minates in a perfect intermission or apyrexia. Causes.—That intermittent fever is caused by a mias- ma to a great extent, I have no doubt; for it is always very prevalent in marshy districts through the States of New Jersey, Michigan and Ohio, and in different parts of the State of New York ; particularly during very dry seasons, when the marshy and stagnant pools are dried up; the effluvium that exhales from the decomposition of veg- etable and animal matter frequently infects an entire neighborhood. I have known families residing in the immediate vicinity of a stream that had its origin in a low marshy swamp, to have attacks of intermittent fever every season ,• while in a population of over two thousand in the vicinity, but occupying more elevated ground at a fever. 43 little distance from the stream, not another case was to be found : still a great diversity of opinion exists as to the true cause of fever and ague. Treatment.—I have found quinine and arsenic the most sure and speedy remedies in intermittent fevers, the former drug in quotidians, and the latter in tertians ; although there are many others indicated in many cases. They should be taken immediately after the paroxysm, and during the intermission. When the thirst is equal during the cold, hot, and sweating stages ; pain and anguish in the pit of the stomach ; headache ; a numbness or tearing pain in the limbs ; a sudden prostration of strength, and paroxysms every thirty-six hours. Arsen. When the chills are slight, and there is a great deal of dry heat; or when the chills come on in the night, fol- lowed by thirst and vertigo, and the patient is very ner- vous. Bell. When the cold stage predominates, and there is thirst 'only during the hot stage ; or when there are stitches in the side. ' Bryonia, Gelsem. When the thirst is only during the cold stage. Capsicum. When gastric symptoms are conspicuous, such as nausea and vomiting of bile, bitter taste, and not much thirst; or when these symptoms continue during the intermis- sion Ant.-Crud., Gelsem. When there is vomiting of mucus at the commence- ment of the cold stage, and mucous diarrhaea during the intermission; starting when falling asleep, and severe pains and soreness of the whole body. Puis. 41 homoeopathic practice of medicine. When the sweating stage is not very profuse, and there is severe head-ache, or a partial blindness during the hot stage. Natrum Muriat. When each stage of the paroxysm is well developed, and there is no thirst during either. Nitric-Acid. When after the chill, and at the approach of the hot stage, there appears to be a partial numbness or paralysis of the extremities ; or stitches in the side, with tenderness and distension of the stomach and bowels. Nux-Vom. When the disease appears in marshy districts, charac- terized by the cold, hot, and sweating stages. Quinine. As previously stated, the last named drug is the sure one in intermittent fever, (fever and ague,) particularly of the quotidian type ; and it should always be resorted to when the drugs that were more specifically indicated have failed of success. The many little peculiarities set forth by authority, indicating the use of quinine, and also of arsenicum in tertian agues, have always been disre- garded by me ; and I have never found them to fail in producing the desired effect. Remedies, almost " ad in- • finitum," are recommended in this form of fever, but I have yet to learn their efficiency. Administration.—The appropriate drug should be given immediately after the paroxysm, and be repeated every three or four hours during the intermission. Should it fail, which is frequently the case, (when the patient has suffered from former attacks,) in consequence of the sys- tem being rendered almost proof against it from previous medication, give the first trituration of quinine in about ten grain doses, or of arsenicum (if a tertian) every four hours during the intermission ; if the patient is a child, FEVER. 45 three grains of the latter drug every six hours is suffi- cient. Remember that the course here recommended is to be practiced only in those cases which resist the other drugs, or the drugs last named of a higher attenuation. Diet and Regimen.—It is not so important to restrict the diet in intermittents. I have always allowed rather a generous one that would not interfere with the action of the drugs, but which would tend to invigorate the sys: tem : pure air and but moderate exercise. III. REMITTENT FEVER. Remittent fever is a form of fever approaching the in- termittent by a remission, or a very considerable dimin- ution of the fever, instead of a full apyrexia. This remis- sion may take place once or twice a day, or every other day, according to its type, which is similar to those of intermittent fever. Diagnosis.—The symptoms in the forming stage of a remittent do not differ from those in the commence- ment of an intermittent: such as languor, drowsiness, anxiety and aching pains in the head, back and extrem- ities. Slight chills are frequently among the first symp- toms, alternating with flushes of heat, until at last they predominate, and fever is established. The pains in the head and inferior extremities become aggravated, and frequently resemble those in rheumatism : the eyes ap- pear yellow ; the tongue is covered with a brownish fur ; nausea and frequent vomiting of bilious matter, and a sense of fullness in the epigastrum ensue ; respiration is more or less oppressive ; urine scanty and high colored ; 46 homoeopathic practice of medicine. the pulse full and frequent, but not hard ; skin hot and dry. These symptoms continue until the following morn- ing, when a remission takes place of from two to three hours. The febrile excitement again rises with more or less activity, and after continuing for a certain length of time, yields to another remission. In this way remittent fever progesses in the northern or middle climates, and in the milder form of the warmer climates. In the inter- tropical regions it is far more violent and frequently of the most fatal character. Causes.—Are the same as those which produce inter- mittent fever. Treatment.—When the fever is high, skin hot and dry, with headache ; pulse tolerably full. Aconite. When there is prominent gastric derangement, such as nausea, vomiting of bile, and pressure in the stomach ; great weight in the head, with delirious talk at night; uneasiness and apprehension. Antim-Crude. Bryonia. And Bryonia should be continued so long as there are pains of a rheumatic character, particularly if the pains are increased upon motion. When there is violent internal and external heat, a red and swollen face, headache, vertigo, full pulse, great thirst, anguish about the heart; nightly delirium, or a continual drowsiness during the day and stupor at night. Bell. And when the symptoms appear to approach a typhoid form, such as stupor, low-muttering, picking the bed clothes, starting, sliding toward the foot of the bed, subsultus, pulse small and quick, spasmodic grinding of the teeth, and great dryness of the mouth. Arsenicum. FEVER. 47 And if the tongue is dark in the centre, red or redish brown on the edges and tip, and perfectly dry, so that it can hardly be protruded beyond the teeth. Rhus. Tox. Aconite, Antimony, Crud. and Bryonia, are the princi- pal remedies that I have used in this form of fever, and have very seldom known them to fail. Administration.—It is seldom necessary to repeat the drugs in this form of fever oftener than from three to four hours. Dtet and Regimen.—The diet should be plain, simple, and unirritating. This fever appears to approach too near continued or inflammatory fever to admit of ordin- ary articles of food. The patient should be kept quiet; aot disturbed by inquiries from too many friends ; and in a suitable temperature of pure air. IV. TYPHUS FEVER. Typhus, (from the Greek signifying stupor) a species of continued fever of low grade, with a tendency to putre- faction ; distinguished from the inflammatory by the smallness of the pulse and great prostration from the commencement of the attack. Diagnosis.—The premonitory symptoms of typhus are not dissimilar to those of many other fevers ; such as pain in the head and pit of the stomach ; loss of appetite ; giddiness ; nausea ; weariness, and disinclination to men- tal and physical exertion. 'These symptoms generally continue from three to six days, when they terminate in those of the stage of invasion, such as slight chills alter- 48 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. nating with flashes of heat; disgust for food ; nausea and sometimes vomiting ; tongue covered with a white fur ; heavy confused state of the head ; increased depres- sion ; and pulse small, quick and irregular. This stage continues for a few hours and terminates in that of excite- ment. The febrile symptoms increase ; the face become? flushed ; skin hot and dry ; lips parched ; great thirst for cold drinks ; bowels torpid; urine high colored ; and head heavy ; the patient becomes fretful, restless, uneasy, and occasionally delirious ; the eyes are suffused and injected, and frequently a dry cough appears, indica- ting some catarrhal symptoms ; tenderness in the epigas- trum and right hypochondriac region, and pain in the back and extremities. This stage continues about three or four days, when symptoms appear of a more depress- ing character. The mind becomes obtuse ; pulse smaller ; face flushed, dark, and inclining to a mahogany" brown ; the tongue dry and covered with a dark fur ; sordes on the teeth, and a dark incrustation on the lips ; the hear- ing is impaired and there is a complete obtuseness of the intellectual faculties ; as the disease advances, an almost constant low muttering and delirium ensue; a continual sliding of the patient toward the foot of the bed ; sub- sultus tendinum; a peculiar heat of the skin, which will be conveyed to the attendant's hand by its being placed on the patient; a burning, stinging, biting heat, termed color mordax. The abdomen is tender upon press- ure, and tympanitic ; during the collapse, the urine be- comes more clear and copious, and foams like beer when voided in a vessel ; the discharges from the bowels are dark, offensive, and involuntary, and are passed uncon- sciously. The collapse varies from six to nine days and terminates in either a slow convalescence or death. FEVER. 49 The approach of convalescence is rendily distinguished by an abatement of the external heat and the appearance of a mild perspiration or uniform moisture over the sur- face ; the tongue becomes moist and begins to clean, par- ticularly about its edges; the urine is copious and de- posits a sediment ; delirium is broken by intervals of re- pose. In many instances the symptoms indicating a favor- able crisis do not appear under two or three weeks ; but generally from the thirteenth to the fifteenth day. There are other modifications of typhus fever, which ought to receive a passing notice ; such as visceral inflammations during its early stages ; inflammation of the lungs, the brain, and alimentary canal, each of course characterized by the additional symptoms ; and the con- gestive, which is characterized by a want of febrile reac- tion and a proneness to run down until the vital forces cease altogether. In the commencement of this form, the pulse is small, face rather pale, tongue light-colored, and the countenance vacant and confused ; towards the close there are petechia? and colliquative discharges, and the coma that appears at the beginning continues to the end of the disease. Causes.—A great diversity of opinion exists in relation to the cause of typhus: some maintaining that any of the ordinary causes of fever can produce it; and others that it depends upon a specific contagion or virus. It is reasonable to suppose that miasmata, or the usual causes of fever are capable of producing a low typhoid fever, when acting upon a depressed or debilitated sys- tem ; but it would differ widely from the contagious typhus. And I have no hesitation in saying that nine out of ten of those cases supposed to depend upon the ordi- 4 50 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. nary causes of fever, are run into the low grade of typhoid, by the debilitating course of treatment generally practiced. Typhus is frequently generated by that spe- cies of miasmata produced by the decomposition of human affluvia, in filthy, crowded and ill-ventilated apartments ; in ships, jails, hospitals, camps, and hovels of the poor. (Ebejle.) The same author observes that the contagion of typhus possesses a specific tendency, somewhat analo- gus to the narcotic poisons, to benumb or diminish the sensorial powers, and to depress generally all the vital energies. My experience in typhus fevers, confirms its contagiousness beyond a doubt, in my mind, and leads me to favor the idea of specific contagion. Opinions innumerable might here be mentioned in re- gard to the contagiousness, cause and pathology of this form of fever. Rush has known typhus to be produced by the contagion which was left in a room six months after it had been occupied by patients ill with this dis- ease. Widekind states that the route of the retiring army from Poland, through Germany could be distinctly traced by the desolating train of disease it left behind. Hildebrand thinks it does not retain its activity longer than three months. Eberle says that it can be conveyed in clothing, and retain its infecting power 'for a long time. And Dr. Good says that if the clothing is clean it is never rendered infectious by this contagion. Its pa- thology has also caused a wonderful diversity of opinion • one asserting that inflammation of the brain constitutes the primary pathological condition of the disease ; another the lungs; others, an approach to general inflammation of the mucous membranes, and Broussais,gastro-enteritis : all being equally confident, and referring to post-mortem appearances for proof of their positions. Whatever be FEVER. 51 its true cause, or pathological character it is not very mate- rial, so long as we are assured of its successful treat- ment by Homoeopathy. Treatment.—During the commencement, when there is head-ache ; chills alternating with flashes of heat; rheumatic pains in the back and limbs; cough ; restless- ness at night, and a furred tongue. Bry. and Puis, in alternation. Should the above not arrest the disease, and should it pass to the stage of excitement with pulse full, skin hot and dry, great thirst, head-ache and sensitiveness to light. Aconite, and Belladonna in alternation. Give the latter drug more particularly, if in addition to the symptoms enumerated, there should be a con- gested state of the head and lungs. Should the symptoms still resist and increase in vio- lence, with the skin still dry, face flushed and rather dark ; tongue dry and coated with a dark fur ; mind wandering ; incoherent muttering. Bry. and Rhus, in alternation. If there is great prostration of strength, very feeble pulse, offensive evacuations, dry tongue, and petechias, or red spots or blisters, containing bloody or dirty serum on the body. Arsenicum. In the more congestive form, when coma exists almost from the commencement, and the patient is in a coma- tose state, so that it is very hard to rouse him suffi- ciently to obtain even an incoherent answer. Opium and Lachesis. When there is a moving and an occasional draw- ing up or rather violent straightening of the leg ; alter- 52 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. nate mild and furious delirium; and involuntary dis- charges. Hyosciamus. There are many more remedies recommended, some of which appear to me entirely unnecessary. Such as Stram. Lycopo. Phos- acid. Coffea. Arnica. Camph China. Veratrum, etc. The last-named (Veratrum) I have used very successfully in very low typhus, when there was picking and moderate feeling of the bed clothes, or when the pulse was almost imperceptible, and the patient in a perfect state of insen- sibility, with face either pale or dark red, and tongue blackish and cracked. It will be perceived, however, that Bry. Puis. Rhus- tox, Aconite, Bell. Opii, Arsen. and Hyos. cover about every symptom in typhus fever, and that Bryonia and Rhus, will frequently arrest the stage of invasion. I have used Hyosciamus to gf*eat advantage for wan- dering and extreme restlessness at night, when Coff. Cham. Bell, and other drugs have failed : but it should be administered with caution, as it may relax the bowels if the symptoms named do not exist. Administration.—Give the Bry. and Puis, or the Bry. and Rhus, if indicated, in alternation every two hours ; the other drugs should be repeated as often as every three. Should the Veratrum be indicated, give it every half hour until the pulse can be distinctly felt at the wrist ; then extend the time to one or two hours. During the course of the fever keep the extremities warm by means of bottles filled with hot water or by heated bricks, and frequently sponge the forehead and face when hot and dry,with cold water. FEVER. 53 Diet and Regimen.—There is no form of fever, and I may say no disease, that requires so much care as this, in regard to diet, and particularly during convalescence. The only patient I ever lost with typhus fever, fell a sac- rifice to the imprudent indulgence of a female friend, who thought the doctor more nice than wise, in re- stricting diet: she allowed her to eat of new bread and butter, and lemon pie : the patient was sitting up and was very comfortable in the afternoon, and in about one hour after she had eaten the bread and pie, I was sent for and found her in a dying state. Thin gruel, arrow- root, rice, tapioca, ponade, toast and cracker-water are sufficient; pure cold water is the best beverage: the room occupied by the patient should be large, well ven- tilated and clean ; the excrements should be immediately removed; the patient should not be stifled with the strong fumes of camphor and vinegar vapor, nor harrassed by too much whispering about the room. V. YELLOW FEVER. {Typhus Icterus.) Yellow fever is considered by some to be a typhus, with marked biliary derangement; by others, as a con- gestive bilious remittent; and again, some consider it a form of fever entirely independent of either, and depend- ent upon a specific contagion. The report of the French deputation at Gibraltar seems to favor the latter idea. It has, however, been the theme of much discussion, and from the various reports of French, Spanish, and Ameri- can physicians, I am inclined to think but little is to be learned from, the pathological appearances upon post mor- tem inspection ; each individual case having presented a new or different feature ; the brain, lungs, stomach, heart. 54 homoeopathic practice OF medicine. liver, spleen, and intestinal canal differed pathologically in almost every case. The disease proved as variable in its violence and character of symptom, as during conva- lescence. In the case of Dominique Benediti, a Spaniard, treated by Amiel and Gilpin, a black matter, resembling coffee grounds, was vomited on the fourth day ; he had . hiccough, very yellow skin, red eyes, and delirium, and fully convalesced on the eighth day. There are many similar cases reported by Louis ; but the coffee-ground vomit is considered by others a most unfavorable omen, and a sure precursor of death. The treatment instituted in the several cases, differed as widely as the opinions en- tertained of the pathological character of the disease ; bleeding, mercurial purges, and friction, astringents, tonic and diffusible stimulants ; cold and acidulated drinks, and even castor oil were employed ; and in one case cited by Louis, the patient recovered from the mere use of a simple bath, which fact suggests the melancholy reflection, that many others might have terminated as favorably had they been left to the efforts of nature alone, and had the re- active forces not been abridged by such profuse medi- cation. Diagnosis.—It is astonishing to see the diagnosis of yellow fever, as set forth by some very able authorities, who say that the disease usually begins with a sudden feel- ing of giddiness, etc. ; whereas it is impossible to diagnose this form of fever during its initiatory stage : for some- times the very first symptoms are headache, and pain in the loins and inferior extremities, without previous chills sometimes there is pain in the right hypochondrium and throat, with eyes yellowish and languid ; at others, diar- rhoea, pains in the throat, and cough. Pains in the epi- fever. 55 g'astrium were among the most prominent symptoms on the first day of the disease ; and among the fatal cases cited by Louis, chills appeared at the very commencement of some, and on the second day of others ; these chills were sometimes succeeded by heat, appearing two and three times a day. The case of Robert Miligan presen- ted on the first day, headache, pain in the back, legs, and knees; with the countenance red, eyes much in- jected, slight stupor, the centre of the tongue white, and its edges red ; pulse frequent and feeble ; he soon experienced a violent rigor, with heat and sweat ; the following night he was restless and delirious ; the next morning was stupid, and answered no questions ; the next day his eyes and countenance were still more injec- ted, the tongue dry, and its point red, the skin dry and hot, and the dejections yellow: on the third day the stools were a yellow brownish liquid, and he vomited a brownish matter, which deposited a sediment like soot; delirium continued, eyes injected, the neck and abdomen yellow, pulse s"mall and very feeble, and the skin moist; he commenced vomiting a brownish liquid, and immedi- ately complained, notwithstanding the previous stupor, of violent pain in the epigastrium ; his tongue was moist, its point red, and the other parts of it natural, teeth covered with sordes, urine abundant, stools liquid, the vomitings continued, and became blacker in the course of the day ; during the night he vomited a large quantity of extremely black fluid ; hiccough set in, and in four hours the case terminated in death, it being the fourth day from the commencement of the attack. This case is selected as a fair average of many in the Gibral- tar report, and also to show, as previously stated, the utter absurdity of establishing any special course, or class 56 homoeopathic practice of medicine. of symptoms ; or saying more than that it is a very fatal form of congestive fever, with the special indications of extreme prostration, yellow skin, injected eyes, severe pain in the back, loins and hips, epigastric suffering, and black vomit. The yellowness of the skin shows itself in some instances, as early as the second and third day ; in others, on the fifth, sixth, and eighth day, or just before death ; and it is generally more apparent on the chest than elsewhere. The black vomit appears to be partially decomposed blood, mixed with mucous or gastric juices, and therefore, differs materially from the black vomit of common bilious fevers, which is acrid bile ; the former will not mix with, or impart a greenish tinge to water ; the latter does, and gives evidence of bile. Bancroft says, " in taste, also, they differ ;" this I am unable to confirm, and ever hope to be, confessing my want of sufficient professional zeal and philanthropy to try such a test. Causes.—Miasmatia has unquestionably much to do in the production of yellow fever ; for when it prevails to any extent it can generally be traced to the low marshy districts and filthy parts of towns and cities, and it is sel- dom if ever known to appear in cold seasons. It is sup- posed by many to owe its origin to a " miasmatic efflu- via exhaled from masses of public filth containing putre- scent matter, generated under a high range of tempera- ture ;" and the recurrence of it has often been in a great measure prevented by removing the sources of pestiferous exhalations from localities where it formerly prevailed annually to an alarming extent. This opinion is main- tained by very respectable authority, and against its con- tagious character as it prevailed in Baltimore, Philadeh fever. 57 phia, and New York. " The cases which occurred at Perth Amboy, Middletown, Conn., New York and Bos- ton were distinctly traced to vessels that had recently arrived from warm climates ;" and it is stated that the individuals who went on board of the vessel at Boston, in 1819, while she was discharging her cargo, were seized with malignant fever, and that nearly all died ; but that the disease was not communicated to those who visited the sick. The fever that prevailed at Rondout was caused by the presence of a vessel that had in its hold a large quantity of partly decomposed fruit. It was highly ma- lignant, spread rapidly, proved very contagious, and cer- tainly was closely allied to yellow fever ; proving that this pestiferous influence can be generated in the holds of vessels, while in hot climates, and conveyed to ports very far north, where it can infect entire districts with a pestilential fever. Several such cases have come under my own observation. Have we not sufficient proofs of contagion in that form denominated ship fever? Fam- ilies quite remote in the country have become infected by harboring over night a recently arrived emigrant, and those in charge of the emigrant departments of our railroads have also fallen victims to that form of fever. These last facts are only adduced to show the contagi- ous character of some of these pestilential fevers and particularly of ship fever ; and I must confess my belief that all pestilential fevers are more or less contagious. Treatment.—The principal remedies in yellow fever, are Ipecac, Aconite, Bell, Bry., Lobelia Inflata, Rhus-tox, Arsenicum, and Veratrum. When the initiatory symptoms are the following : diz- ziness ; slight chills ; an uneasy sensation in the epigas- 58 homoeopathic practice of medicine. trum ; nausea ; faintness ; pain in the back and limbs ; languor and general weakness. Ipecac. But should the symptoms at the commencement show more arterial excitement; pulse full or tense ; severe pain in the head ; face flushed ; eyes injected ; painful feeling of swelling or distension in the pit of the stomach ; nau- sea, or nausea and vomiting ; great anxiety and despair of recovery. Aconite. When the face is flushed and swollen ; eyes red ; with a small or a contracted,congestive pulse ; vertigo; dull- ness ; confusion ; no power of recognition ; and delirium ; skin red and hot, or covered with small vesicles ; severe pain in the stomach ; hiccough and vomiting of bile, or bile and mucus. Belladonna. When the skin becomes yellow ; eyes red, glassy, or sparkling, and suffused with tears ; tongue dry and cov- ered with white or yellow fur ; pulse quick ; severe burn- ing sensation in the stomach ; excessive thirst; pain and sensation of swelling in the epigastrium ; nausea and vomiting or empty retching ; severe pain in the back ; pain drawing down the back ; apprehension, uneasiness and despair of recovery, or delirious talk at night, with a desire to escape some evil. Bryonia. When the attack commences with sudden prostration; vertigo ; dull, heavy headache, or a sudden shock of se- vere pain through the head ; pressing pain in the eyes ; a dry mouth, burning sensation in the throat; incessant violent nausea ; pressure in the pit of the stomach ; dark, bloody stools ; urine of a deep red color ; pain in the loins ; pain and uneasiness in the small of the back ; great weakness and weariness of the limbs ; exhaustion and mental despondency. Lobelia Injiata, FEVER. 59 When there is violent throbbing below the pit of the stomach, or pains with pressure in the region of the stomach, nausea, burning eructations, painful distension of the abdomen, red and yellow stools, pain in the back and limbs, paralysis of the legs, pressure and soreness of the eyes, parched red or brown tongue, or a discharge of bloody saliva from the mouth, confusion of the head, gloom, stupidity, and delirium. Rhus-tox. When the skin is of a reddish yellow, inclining to brown; the face bloated; eyes of a dark red and the ves- sels congested, or a staring, wild look; coldness of the limbs, with clammy perspirations; lips dark, tongue brown or black; pulse small and tremulous; vomiting of a brownish or blackish substance, followed by great ex- haustion ; excessive pains in the stomach, and the region painful to the touch; burning pains in the abdomen; diarrhoea, with dark brown, black, or putrid stools; restless tossing about in bed, great anguish, loss of con- sciousness and speech. Arsenicum. Or the Arsenicum may be given in alternation with Veratrum, as the pathogenesis of the two drugs is almost identical; the latter drug is more particularly indicated if there is a flow of saliva from the mouth, or if the tongue is blackish and cracked, or lobulated. There are other remedies recommended in different stages of yellow fever, such as Mercurius, Nux-Vom., Sulph., Cantharides, etc., some of which are highly extolled. Nux Vomica.—When there is a burning in the stomach and vomiting of bile; a white or yellow tongue; eyes more yellow than congested, with lachrymation ; abdomen tender; bowels constipated; bilious diarrhoea; pain low down in the back. 60 homoeopathic practice of medicine. Mercurius.—Pains in the region of the liver ; burning pain in the stomach; tongue foul and slimy, or swollen; griping, colic pains in the bowels ; bloody, bilious or mucous discharges ; anxiety and fear of death. Cantharides is indicated by a burning, stinging sensa- tion in the throat, stomach and bowels ; and stranguary, that is, a desire and frequent unsuccessful attempts to urinate, with extreme pain and burning of the parts. Use Sulphur during convalescence, once or twice a day, particularly if the recovery is slow, and there is a want of capiliary circulation. Administration.—It will be perceived that this dis- ease varies' very much in its attack, and that the changes are also rapid and manifestly great. The drugs, there- fore, should be selected with great caution, and should not be hurried by frequent repetition ; give the drug indicated, and wait a reasonable time, say three or four hours, unless another should be indicated. If the medi- cines are repeated at short intervals, another might be required in a few minutes after : and thus a complica- tion of drug symptoms would be the result, which, by being confounded, would tend to mislead and confuse. Diet and Regimen.—The diet during the attack should be mild and unirritating; the drinks, cold water and mucilaginous beverages ; the apartments should be well ventilated. During convalescence, the diet may be liberal, generous broths and solid food of easy digestion, may be taken. CHAPTER II. CONGESTION. Congestion, (from Congero, to amass,) " a collection of blood or other fluid." The term congestion is usually applied when the vessels are over distended and the mo- tion of the circulating fluid is slow. Congestion may be divided into Sthenic and Asthenic. " The former commonly affects the young, the active, and those of sanguine temperament. It comprehends a rich state of the blood, and an active condition of the nutrient functions. Its tendency is to cause general febrile excitement, active haemorrhage, fluxes, and inflam- mation." The latter comprehends that form of congestion depending upon laxity of fibre and want of contracti- lity and tone ; generally affects those weakened by age, excesses, or previous disease; and tends to produce pas- sive hasmorrhages, disturbed functions, structural changes, varicose veins, dropsies, etc. It is also further distinguished by the terms general and local. General congestion depends upon a plethora, fullness of habit in those who have a good appetite, and indulge without a proper regard to exercise and healthful evacuations. By local congestion is understood a con- gested state of a part, as, of the head, lungs, liver, spleen, etc., and generally results from a want of action ; an inequilibrium of the circulating fluids ; from mechani- cal pressure or local irritation ; excessive use of intox- 62 homoeopathic practice of medicine. icating drinks; bruises from falls, etc.; and mental emo- tions, such as joy, grief, terror, or fear. Treatment.—The principal remedies for Sthenic con- gestion, are Aconite, Bell., Arnica, Bryonia, Aurum, Ar- senicum, Nux-Vom., etc. .For Asthenic—China, Ferrum, Opium, Coffea, Graph, Mosch, Capsicum, Carbo- veg., etc. I. CONGESTION OF THE HEAD. (Congestio ad caput.) Diagnosis.—Congestion of the vessels of the head is generally characterized by beating and throbbing of the temporal arteries ; giddiness ; a heavy dull feeling ; headache; partial blindness when stooping or suddenly turning around ; a degree of confusion and indistinct- ness ; roaring in the ears ; occasional sparkling before the eyes and unrefreshing sleep. Treatment.—When congestion of the head occurs in a full plethoric habit, with the face flushed ; headache, especially above the eyes ; and particularly if there is an aversion to light and sound. Aconite. When the face is flushed ; eyes red ; roaring in the ears and dizziness ; or severe pressing pain in the forehead, increased by the least motion or noise. Belladonna. When there is a degree of heaviness in the head or a stupifying pain ; pain in the head with nausea, or pain in one part of the head more than another, such as the frontal posterior, or semilateral headache and soreness of the scalp. Nux- Vomica. And the above drug is especially indicated when the congestion results from the use of intoxicating drinks, the suppression of piles, or from excessive mental labor. CONGESTION. 63 When there is a loss of consciousness and stupefaction of the senses; or when the patient lies as if asleep and is hard to be aroused, as if intoxicated, with the face sunken and pale, or bloated and red. Opium. When the congestion is associated with unconscious- ness and loss of speech, or a constrictive headache, par- ticularly of the upper part of the forehead. Hyosciamus. When there is a " painful compressive sensation in both sides of the head ;" a jarring undulating feeling, as if the brain were loose ; bleeding at the nose (which fre- quently occurs) affording no relief. Bryonia. When the pain is of an exhausting character, especi- ally on one side of the head, or pain commencing in the posterior part of the head, thence to the root of the nose ; heaviness of the head ; face pale, and pains relieved by pressure or exercise. Pulsatilla. When there is a constrictive pain in the head, or pains of a burning and stitching character, worse at night Mercurius. When there is a degree of pressure, rather in succes- sive shocks ; or severe pain as if the brain would be torn to pieces ; face pale or alternately red and pale. Veratrum. When caused by joy. Coffea. When caused by fright or fear. Opium. When caused by violent anger (especially in children.) Cham. When caused by a fall or blow. Arnica. When caused by debilitating losses. China. Ferrum. When caused by constipation. Nux Vom., Aloes, Bryonia. 64 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When caused by intoxicating drinks, or a night's de- bauch. Nux Vom. When caused by suppressed menstruation. Puis., Sulph., Bell. When caused by teething. 1st. Aconite., 2nd. Bell., 3rd. Cham., Coffea. When caused by a strain or violent exertion. Rhus-tox., Sulph-acid., Thuja. Administration.—Repeat the remedy according to the urgency of the symptoms every twenty minutes, or half hour if necessary. Diet and Regimen.—In accordance with Homoeopathic rules. II. CONGESTION OF THE ABDOMEN. Diagnosis.—Congestion of the abdomen is generally characterized by a degree of uneasiness, fullness and dis- tension ; or by pressing, bearing-down pains, similar to those experienced during an attack of piles. Treatment.—The principal remedies are, Nux-Vom., Sulph., Arsen, Carbo. veg., Bell., Cham., Merc, Puis.. and Verat Nux Vomica.—When the abdomen is distended and the muscles are sore to the touch ; bowels constipated ; pain in the loins and small of the back ; and especially for per- sons who lead a sedentary life, or who are engaged in intellectual pursuits. Sulphur.—Painful sensitiveneL3 in the abdomen ; pres- sure, with a degree of heaviness : colic pains after eating CONGESTION. 65 or drinking ; distension of the epigastrium ; constipation and pressure in the rectum ; piles. Arsenicum.—Severe spasmodic or cutting pain in the abdomen, with burning heat ; bowels distended ; consti- pation or scanty mucous stools ; or violent pain and fre- quent discharges attended with tenesmus and burning. Carbo. veg.—Torpid action of the bowels ; flatulency ; pain in the abdomen, a3 if from straining ; imperfect diges- tion and loss of appetite. Belladonna.—Distended abdomen without pain ; colic pains, with diarrhoeic, or dysenteric stools ; a bearing down and contractive pain in the rectum. This drug is more suitable for young persons of full habit. Chamomilla.—Tensive or compressive pain in the ab- domen ; painful sensitiveness of the abdomen to contacts; green watery diarrhoea ; nightly diarrhoea or bloated dis- tended state of the abdomen ; greenish diarrhoea in chil- dren, during teething. Mercurius.—Distention of the abdomen with pinching. griping pains ; shuddering chills ; constipation, or a fre- quent desire to evacuate the bowels ; dysenteric stools,at- tended with excoriation of the anus. Pulsatilla.—Congestion of the abdomen, with cholic pains relieved by rest; frequent loose mucous stools ; al- ternate chills and flashes of heat. Veratrum.—Severe cutting pains in different parts of the abdomen ; dark diarrhoeic stools with acute pain be- fore and after evacuation. Administration.—Congestion of the abdomen is neither 5 66 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. as severe nor as dangerous as cerebal congestion ; there fore it is not necessary to repeat the drugs as often ; every two three or four hours, judging from the severity of the symptoms, will answer. Diet and Regimen.—Similar to that recommended in other forms of congestion. III. CONGESTION OF THE CHEST. (Congestio ad Pectoris.) Diagnosis.—Congestion of the chest is characterized by pain ; a degree of fullness, tightness and oppression of the chest, with difficult breathing ; palpitation of the heart; faintness ; disturbed sleep, and frequent cough. Treatment.—For congestion of the chest, with vio lent pressure and palpitation of the heart; difficult breath- ing ; short dry cough, especially upon lying down ; dis- turbed sleep ; heat and thirst. Aconite. For a sensation of constriction ; oppression ; paroxysms of suffocation; face bluish, or livid. Aurum. Cuprum. For extreme restlessness; oppressed heavy breathing ; internal heat and thirst; beating of the heart, so as to produce a general pulsatory feeling throughout the sys- tem, particularly the head. Belladonna. For congestion of the chest, with oppressed and heavy breathing ; a desire to take a deep breath ; heat and burn- ing in the chest. Mercurius. Heat and burning in the chest, worse at night, with anxiety and sleeplessness ; or tensive pressure in the chest, as from a weight, especially when in the open air ; the bed clothes feel heavy and unpleasant upon the chest. Nux Vom. CONGESTION. 67 For an oppressed heavy feeling in the chest ; anguish, and a sense of heat rising in the throat. Phosphorus. For congestion of the chest, after the least exertion, with dyspnoea, nausea and faintness. Spongia. For other remedies indicated by the condition of the chest, and difficult breathing, vide chapter on Asthma. Administration.—Congestion of the chest, like that of the brain, is not only very severe, but generally acute in its character, and demands prompt relief. The drugs should, therefore, be repeated at short intervals, until relief is obtained, after which time, should be extended as the patient continues to improve. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be in accor- dance with the ends to be accomplished, viz. : if the patient be young, vigorous, and inclined to plethora, it should be very simple ; but if the constitution is enfee- bled, ab inanitione, or by the loss of animal fluids, it should be generous. Great care must be used in ventilating the apartment, and also in regulating the temperature, by observing whether the symptoms are aggravated by heat or cold, etc. IV. INCUBUS. (Nightmare.) Incubus, (from incubo, to lie upon, because the patient fancies that something lies upon his chest.) This term may be generally correct, but in many instances the sensation is quite different from that designated ; it being often that of falling, or a sense of great peril, with no •ability to escape it; or the victim imagines a friend in a dangerous situation, whom he vainly endeavors to assist, 68 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. and is generally awakened by the effort and agony of his attempt. Causes.—It is frequently caused by lying on the back during the first sound sleep, but most generally by eating heartily at supper, or a short time before retiring, which produces abdominal and thoracic congestions ; debility is also a cause. Treatment.—When it occurs in women and children of full habit, with a degree of feverish heat, oppression and anxiety. Aconite and Belladonna. When after eating, or those addicted to intemperance. Nux-Vomica. When attended with deep, snoring inspirations during sleep ; moaning and piteous expression of countenance. Ignatia. When attended with anxious or frightful dreams. Conium. Laurocerasus. When attended with frightful dreams, and crying out as if distressed. Pulsatilla. When attended with deep snoring during inspiration, or a rattling breathing ; face red, and eyes partly opened. Opium. When caused by debility. China. Ferrum. By excessive sexual indulgence, or by self-pollution. Phos., Nux-Vom., Staphysagria. Administration.—Give the drug most specifically in- dicated every night, a short time before retiring. And avoid hearty food at night, late suppers, etc. CHAPTER III. INFLAMMA TION, From inflammo, to burn. Inflammation is characterized by heat, pain, redness, attended with more or less tume- faction and fever. It is divided into two species, viz. : Phlegmonous and Erysipelatous, and subdivided into acute and chronic, local and general. Phlegmonous inflammation is known by its bright red- ness, tumidity, and proneness to suppurate, and by its heating and pulsatory action ; it has three terminations, viz. : Resolution, when there is a gradual abatement of symptoms; Suppuration, when the inflammation does not readily yield to appropriate remedies ; the beating and throbbing increase, a tumor points externally, pus is formed, and rigors set in ; and Gangrene, or mortification, when the pain abates, the pulse- sinks, and cold perspira- tion appears. Acute inflammation runs a rapid course ; the symptoms are well defined, the pulse full and bounding, and the skin hot and dry. Chronic inflammation is milder, and of longer duration Local applies to a part or viscous ; and General to the entire system. Erysipelatous inflammation is of a dull red color, supe- ficial, and merely of the skin, spreading unequally, with burning and stinging, and generally ends in vesicles or desquamation. 70 HOMOEOPATHIC practice OF medicine. Treatment.—The remedies employed for the removal of inflammation are, Anconite, Bell., Bry., Puis., and others ; depending upon the part or viscous, affected. Aconite is, however, the first grand remedy in the treat- ment of active inflammation (Sthenic of the old school). I. CYSTITIS. (Inflammation of the Bladder.) Cystitis, (from the Greek, signifying the bladder. In- flammation of this organ is characterized by the following : Diagnosis.—Violent burning, lancinating, or throbbing pain in the region of the bladder, (Eberle,) in some in- stances extending to the perineum, the genitals, and upper part of the thighs. The pain is greatly increased by pressure made over the pubes ; the perineum and parts adjacent, are exceedingly tender to the touch. Frequent efforts are made to urinate, but without success; the little voided, passes off in drops, attended with severe stranguary or dysury, and is of a deep red color, often tinged with blood, or sometimes depositing a milky, turbid sediment, particularly if the inflammation is of a catarrhal character. The bowels are constipated, the pulse full and hard, skin hot and dry, and thirst urgent, sometimes sickness of the stomach and vomiting. Causes.—It may be caused by mechanical and irritat- ing substances in the bladder ; urine retained too long, (a frequent cause, particularly with young ladies while attending parties or traveling,) external injuries, irritat- ing and acrid substances, such as cantharides, turpentine, etc.; or it may be caused by cold, suppressed perspira- tion, or hemorrhoidal discharges, or by metastasis of Gout and Rheumatism. inflammation. 71 Treatment.—In the commencement of this disease, when there is violent fever, with thirst, pain and tender- ness in the region of the bladder. Aconite. When there is an almost complete suppression of urine ; a constant urging, particularly at night the urine passing off in drops, with severe burning pain. Cannabis. When the urging is violent, but ineffectual, passing but a few drops, with severe burning and stinging pains in the region of the bladder, before and after urinating. Cantharis. When the neck of the bladder is the principal seat of the inflammation; a constrictive pain in the bladder; and retention, with constant urging. Digitalis. When there is an urging to urinate, voiding but little at a time, and a deposit of a mucous sediment. Dulcamara. When the urging is frequent, with violent pain during and after the emission of a small quantity of pale-colored urine. Nux-Vomica. When the inflammation is of a catarrhal character ; aching, burning, and cutting pains in the region of the bladder ; and the urine is turbid or deposits a milky sedi- ment. Phosphorus. When the deposit is of a white chalky appearance. Calc carb. When caused by external mechanical injury. Arnica. When caused by the use of cantharides (Spanish fly). Camphor. When caused by getting wet. Dulcamara. When caused by intoxicating drinks. Nux-Vomica. . Aconite should precede the use of either of the drugs that are specifically indicated, for one or two administra- 72 homoeopathic practice of medicine. tions, as it will cut short the inflammatory symptoms, and thereby necessarily facilitate the action of the other remedies. Administration.—When the pains and symptoms are very violent, the remedies may be given as often as every half hour or hour, and the interval lengthened as the symptoms abate. I have never objected to,simple fomen- tations applied to the region of the bladder or the pubes, but have frequently recommended them to great ad- vantage. II. PHRENITIS. (Inflammation of the Brain.) Phrenitis, (from the Greek word, signifying the mind.) Diagnosis.—Phrenzy, or inflammation of the brain, is characterized by high fever, violent headache, redness of the face and eyes ; beating and throbbing of the temporal arteries ; intolerence of light and sound ; watchfulness, and delirium which frequently becomes furious. It generally commences with a sense of fullness in the head ; the pulse full, but not increased in frequency ; the patient becomes restless ; his sleep is disturbed, or en- tirely forsakes him ; and as the symptoms advance we have the condition already named. Causes.—Blows, falls, or other injuries of the head are among the most common causes of this disease ; sup- pressed habitual discharges ; the sudden drying up, or repelling of cutaneous eruptions ; metastasis from intesti- nal irritation and other diseases, such as Gout and Rheumatism. Treatment.—When the fever is high, pulse full, skin INFLAMMATION. 73 hot and dry; face flushed ; severe pains through the entire brain ; eyes injected ; and pupils contracted : give Aconite. And in three or four hours, give Belladonna. If the first administration of Aconite does not materially abridge the inflammatory symptoms, which is manifested by the pulse becoming softer, by less external heat, and a tendency to mild perspiration ; give it in alternation with Belladonna, until there is an abatement of those symptoms. When "the heat of the head is great, face flushed and bloated ; violent beating and throbbing of the arteries of the head and neck ; great sensitiveness to light and sound ; eyes injected, and the pupils dilated ; raving ; loss of con- sciousness ; and a tendency to vomit. Belladonna. When there is a loss of consciousness, the patient rav- ing at times, striking violently with his arms, and stamp- ing, with a desire to flee. Hyosciamus. When the face is red; eyes not much injected, but rather bright; suddenly starting, with a wild expression as if frightened. Stramonium. When the pains in the head are shooting, and aggra- vated by motion ; and when change of position, or simple raising of the patient's head, causes him to scream. Bryonia. When the patient remains in a comatose state, as if sleeping from the effects of an anodyne ; great difficulty in awaking him; restlessness and dullness of sense ; imme- diate falling into a stupor again. Opium. When caused by intestinal irritation, (as worms, which is a common cause, particularly with children,) after the administration of Aconite and Belladonna, give Cina. 74 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When caused by teething, (not an unfrequent cause,) after Aconite and Belladonna give Cham. When caused by a blow, wound, or fall, Arnica must be given first; then the other drugs indicated. In addition to these remedies, I have always practiced the application to the head of cold water, or of pounded ice in a bladder, when there was great heat and no per- spiration. It is, however, exceedingly dangerous to apply them when there is perspiration about the head ; the extremi- ties should be kept warm. Administration.—I seldom repeat the remedies in this disease oftener than three, four, or six hours, unless the case is very urgent; and then it appears to me of doubt- ful utility. Diet and Regimen.—Of course should be mild in all inflammatory diseases. III. PNEUMONIA. (Inflammation of the Lungs.) "■•Pneumonia, (from the Greek, a lung.) Is characterized by fever, difficult breathing, cough, a sense of weight and pain in the chest. Diagnosis.—The attack frequently commences with chills and flashes of heat; some pain in the chest and diffi- cult respiration ; cough, with frothy expectoration, which changes, as the disease advances, to a bloody sputa, or mucus streaked with blood ; the pain becomes more severe and aggravated by coughing ; the face bloated, and livid in many instances, (in consequence of the imperfect change INFLAMMATION. 75 of the blood in the lungs.) The pulse does not indicate the inflammatory action that it does in pleurisy, but it is generally accelerated and the skin is hot and dry. Causes.—A frequent cause is the application of cold to the body, which checks the perspiration and determines a great flow of blood to the lungs ; atmospheric vicissi- tudes ; exposure to sudden changes of temperature ; vio- lent exertion in speaking, or blowing on wind instruments; the inhalation of noxious vapors, or irritating particles. Treatment.—There is no disease that requires more prompt treatment than this ; normal action of the lungs is too important to our well-being to admit of unnecessary delay. Aconite must be administered first, and continued until there is an amelioration of the symptoms. When there is great oppression of the chest; severe pain and soreness, aggravated by motion. Bryonia. When the pain changes to stitches, more particularly in the left side ; expectoration ; mucus streaked with blood. Pulsatilla. When the cough produces much suffering ; the expecto- ration is a bloody mucus or dirty muddy sputa. Bryonia, or Phosphorus, in alternation with Antimony. When the inflammation has produced a change in the lungs similar to Hepatization, or the symptoms become typhoid. Rhus.-tox. All outward applications to the chest must be strictly avoided, excepting simple fomentations. Administration.—When the symptoms are urgent, the remedies may be repeated every hour, until there is an amelioration ; afterwards at every three, or four hours. 76 homoeopathic practice of medicine. Diet and Regimen.—Mild, as previously stated; the free use of mucilaginous drinks will be found beneficial, such as Gum Arabic water, Slippery Elm, and Flaxseed tea. IV. PLEURITIS. (Inflammation of the Pleura.) Pleuritis, (from the Greek, the Pleura.) Pleurisy is an inflammation of the lining membrane of the chest, charac- terized by sharp, lancinating pain, piercing as if with a knife ; inability to draw a full breath, and fever. Diagnosis.—It commences with a sharp pain in the side, (most generally the right side,) increased by a full inspiration, inability to lie on the side affected ; the pains are sharp, piercing, and lancinating ; pulse full and hard; skin hot and dry, and severe pain upon intercostal pres- sure, i. e., on the spaces between the ribs. Causes.—The causes of Pleurisy are not the same as those of the last mentioned disease ; cold ; exposure ; sup- pressed perspiration, and in some instances contusions. Treatment.—It is important also to treat this disease promptly, in order to prevent a termination of the inflam- mation by suppuration, or adhesion, which would lay the foundation for an endless difficulty of the chest, that would be developed upon the slightest exposure. The principal remedy is Aconite, which should be administered two or three times, at intervals of an hour ; then alternate every two hours with Bryonia. When Aconite and Bryonia have been administered as above, for twenty-four or forty-eight hours, and the symp- toms still continue. Sulphur. inflammation. 77 Or when they have the desired effect, the last drug is especially beneficial in preventing depositions in the chest, which are not uncommon in this disease. When the patient is recovering, and is extremely rest- less at night. Coffea. When it is caused by mechanical means, such as a blow or fall. Arnica. Administration.—The same as in inflammation of the lungs. Diet and regimen also the same. V GASTRITIS. (Inflammation of the Stomach.) Gastritis, (from the Greek, the stomach.) Inflammation of the stomach is characterized by pyrexia, anxiety, heat, and pain in the epigastrium, increased when anything is taken into the stomach. Diagnosis.—Pain in the stomach, with a burning sensa- tion, loathing of food ; retching ; vomiting, increased by taking anything warm ; hiccough; pulse small and hard, tongue coated in the centre, with the edges and tip red and shining. Causes.—Acrid substances, such as arsenic and corro- sive sublimate ; crude articles of food ; unripe, indigestible fruit; drinking largely of cold water; taking ice cream, or iced fruits, when heated by exercise. Treatment.—The first remedy in this disease and which is to be persisted in, until the inflammatory symptoms sub- side or become much lessened is Aconite. When the inflammatory symptoms have passed off, or 78 homoeopathic practice of medicine. are in a measure removed ; and nausea with occasional retching continues ; tongue coated white. Antim - crude. If after the acuteness of the symptoms has passed off vomiting predominates, and the tongue is clean. Ipecac When the disease is caused by cold articles taken in the stomach, such as ice, iced fruits, creams, etc. Pulsatilla. When there is marked prostration and the disease was caused as above. Arsenicum, or in alternation with Veratrum. If nervous symptoms, delirium, loss of consciousness, and drowsiness appear. Bell, and Hyosciam. When the pain is exceedingly burning. Cantharis. When caused by intoxicating drinks. Nux Vomica. When caused by arsenic. Ferrum Sesqueoxyd. Administration.—The remedies may. be administered advantageously in this disease at longer or shorter inter- vals, than in many other inflammations. I have given them as often as every fifteen minutes when the symptoms were very acute, and extended the time as the patient improved. Diet and Regimen.—It is hardly necessary to indicate any particular diet, as during the existence of the disease, the most simple substance is immediately rejected. 1 have allowed my patients to take small quantities of ice water, and even bits of ice to great advantage. When food can be taken, it must be of the most mucilaginous kind. inflammation. 79 VI. HEPATITIS. (Inflammation of the Liver.) Hepatitis, (from the Greek, the liver.) Defined by Cullen, " febrile affection," attended with tension and pain in the right hypochondrium, often pungent like that of pleurisy, but more frequently dull and obtuse. Diagnosis.—The acute form of inflammation of the liver comes on with pain in the right hypochondrium, ex- tending to the right shoulder, and between the shoulder blades. The pains much increased by pressure on the part, an inability to lie on the left side in consequence of a pulling, dragging pain in the right side. It is frequent- ly accompanied with cough, and some difficulty in breath- ing ; thirst; loss of appetite ; bowels constipated ; clay colored evacuation ; urine scanty and high colored, giv- ing to the linen a saffron stain. If the disease continues a few days, or becomes chronic, the skin becomes yellow as an orange; the eye icterode ; indigestion and flatulency of the stomach; dull pain in the right side; disin- clination to physical or mental exertion ; languor and proneness to sleep. The liver may, however, be very seriously affected, yet the symptoms so mild as scarcely to attract attention. This has been observed in post-mortem examinations of such as have suffered no material incon- venience from the symptoms ; when large abscesses have been found in the liver. Causes.—This disease is not so much the result of cold as of inflammations of the other organs ; but a sudden exposure after heat to cold, would undoubtedly act as a cause, by determining from the surface to the organs ; contusions and blows ; certain passions of the mind ; long 80 homoeopathic practice of medicine. continued, intermittent and remittent fevers ; an Allo- pathic indiscriminate use of the remedies, for the cure of such fevers, (as Quinine and Arsenic;) suddenly suppressed bilious diarrhoeas ; concretions in the substance of the liver or the excretory duct, such as gall-stones ; summer heat; hot climate ; the abuse of intoxicating drinks, mineral poisons, such as mercury and arsenic, all predispose to this disease. Treatment.—At the commencement, when there is fever, and severe stitching pain in the side. Aconite. When the pains are pressing, and extend to the chest, with some difficulty in breathing ; tongue coated yellow ; pains aggravated by motion. Bryonia. Shooting or pressing pains ; soreness increased by lying on the right side ; a brassy, metallic taste in the mouth. Mercury. When the pain is contractive, and the region of the liver exceedingly sensitive to the touch, with throbbing, as if there was an abscess; or stitches, aggravated by contact, or motion. Nux Vomica. Pain extending to the shoulders ; fullness in the epi- gastrium ; dull, heavy headache, with vertigo, and faint- ness. Chelidonium, Belladonna. When the pains are increased by coughing, and are of a sore, ulcerative character, or lacerating from the side towards the umbilicus, particularly in those addicted to intoxication. Lachesis. When caused by cold, or mental emotion, such as anger. Chamomilla. When caused by indigestion. Pulsatilla China. When caused by biliary calculi. Mercurius. inflammation. 81 When caused by mercury. Hepar-sulp. When caused by quinine. Arsenic Pulsatilla. When caused by arsenic. China. Ferrum. In case of enlargement of the liver, caused by the use of intoxicating drinks, which have the effect of a slow poison. Nux Vomica, Lachesis. In case of enlargement caused by arsenic. China. Ferrum. For ordinary enlargement, or induration. Nux Vom., Sulph. Sulphur, also, is a valuable remedy in all cases of Hepa- titis, at the completion of the treatment, and when the remedies indicated have not had the desired effect. Administration.—Repeat the remedies every two or three hours ; every two hours, if the symptoms are urgent, until another is indicated or the patient improves; then extend the time to four or six hours. Diet and Regimen.—Animal food and soups are to be strictly avoided; also, rich pastries, and oily or greasy dishes ; the food should consist of farinaceous articles, such as rice, oatmeal, gruel, tapioca, sago, plain bread pudding, simple toast; drinks should be cold water and toast, barley or rice water. Keep the patient quiet, and pre- serve a comfortable temperature. VII. ENTERITIS. (Inflammation of the Intestines. ) Enteritis, (from the Greek, an intestine.) " Inflamma- tion of the bowels is known by pyrexia ; fixed pain in the abdomen ; costiveness ; and vomiting." Hooper. 6 82 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Diagnosis.—This disease generally commences with a feeling of uneasiness in some part of the abdomen, ter- minating in a fixed aching, or burning pain in the region of the umbilicus ; sometimes the pain is confined to a cir- cumscribed part, but generally is diffused throughout the entire abdomen. The bowels are obstinately constipated, (unless the inflammation is of the inferior portion of the intestinal canal, when discharges of a dysenteric character attend;) thirst urgent; nausea and vomiting ; skin hot and dry; pulse contracted, quick, corded and tense; tongue dry, and generally covered with a white fur, with the edges pale; lip sometimes of a pale red color ; the abdomen is very tender, and the suffering aggravated by pressure; the patient lies on his back, with his knees drawn up, to avoid the pressure of the abdominal muscles upon the inflamed bowels ; urine high colored, scanty, and passed with difficulty. Causes.—Acute inflammation of the bowels may be caused by an accumulation of hardened foeces ; by spasms, colic ; intus-susception ; drastic purgatives ; hernia ; sup- pressed perspiration from exposure to cold and wet ; me- chanical injuries ; worms ; by metastasis from Erysipelas, Gout and Rheumatism. Treatment.—When the inflammatory symptoms are high ; skin hot and dry ; pulse quick and tense. Aconite. When the pain in the abdomen is very severe,with burn- ing ; bloatedness ; a contractive sensation ; lacerating and cutting pains and a sensation as if diarrhoea would set in, particularly in the vicinity of the umbilicous; or a burning inflammation. 83 in the abdomen extending toward the chest; bowels con- stipated. Lachesis. When the pains are burning, and of a cholic character; digging pains, and pressure in the abdomen ; or when the abdomen is distended, attended with a beating and throb- bing sensation. Belladonna. When the pain is of a griping character as if a physic had been taken ; aching and tensive, beating pain ; and the abdomen distended (tympanitic) and bowels obstinate- ly constipated. Opium. Pain in the abdomen, with inclination to vomit; lacera- ting and drawing in of the abdomen from the hips to the stomach, followed by stitches, especially during motion. Bryonia. If caused by mechanical means. Arnica. If by intus-susception, the flexible bougie or esophagus tube must be carefully introduced, (if the intus-susception or invagination still exist.) and a sufficient quantity of warm milk and water injected to fill the intestine and overcome the obstruction ; for the inflammatory symp- toms treat as above. If caused by obstinate constipation. Opium. Plumbum. If caused by worms. Cina. In many obstinate cases, when the symptoms are of collapse ; pulse small; coldness of the extremities ; tongue covered with a dark fur ; mind wandering ; subsultus. Arsenicum and Veratrum. Administration.—During the active stage of the dis- ease the remedies ought to be repeated as often as every 84 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. hour, and sometimes oftener ; but as the symptoms begin to yield, give them at longer intervals, gradually extend- ing as the patient improves. Much relief will be found in the application of fomen- tations to the abdomen, of simple hot water, and should the bowels remain obstinately constipated, there is no ob- jection to the use of tepid, mucilaginous injections, as warm slipery elm or flax-seed tea ; or milk and water. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be light unirritat- ing; mucilaginous vegetable jellies ; rice boiled to apulp, seasoned with a little salt; arrow root, etc., drinks of the same character, and temperature moderate. VII. NEPHRITIS. (Inflammation of the Kidneys.) Nephritis, (from the Greek, a kidney.) Pyrexia, pain in the region of the kidneys, shooting along the course of the ureter (drawing up of the testes, if a male,) numbness of the thigh ; vomiting; urine high-colored, and voided frequently. {Hooper.) Diagnosis.—Inflammation of the kidneys is attended with sharp and severe pain on the affected side, extending along the ureter, and to the thigh ; frequent desire to urinate, which is accomplised with much difficulty ; the skin is hot and dry ; the pulse full, hard, and frequent, during the early stages, but as the disease advances, it be- comes small and more frequent. The patient lies easier on the affected side with his body inclined to the side. This besides being a symptom of the disease serves, together with nausea, ease in bending forward, and a desire to urinate to distinguish it from inflammation of the Psoas inflammation. 86 muscle, which is sometimes confounded with it. From lumbago (rheumatism of the loins) it is distinguished by the paucity of urine and dysury. It is a very distressing disease, and runs a rapid course, very seldom continuing beyond the seventh day. Causes.—Contusions ; strains of the back ; and frequent colds, from the intimate relation which exists between the kidneys and skin ; violent and severe exercise, in riding or walking ; irritating articles, such as cantharides, turpen- tine and savin, and metastasis from Gout and Rheuma- tism. Treatment.—At the commencement of the disease, when the fever is high. Aconite. When the pain is shooting, tearing and cutting ; the emission of urine very painful, very scanty, and sometimes mixed with blood. Bryonia, Cantharides. When the pain in the back is contracted or contused and bruised, or burning and lacerating, with painful inef- fectual desires to urinate, and burning in the urethra. Nux Vomica. Sticking or lacerating pain in the back, and drawing. tensive pain in the spermatic cord to the testes, or swelling of the testes ; retention of urine, with frequent desire to urinate ; brick-colored or purulent sediment in the urine. Pulsatilla. For a pinching, tearing pain, as if caused by an instru- ment, and a painful voiding of a few drops of urine with severe smarting and burning before and after urinating ; or a discharge of mucus from the urethra. Cannabis. If caused by cantharides. Camphor. 86 homoeopathic practice of medicine. If caused by external injuries. Arnica. When this disease occurs in females of delicate consti- tution and lax fibre; when there is total or partial sup- pression of the menses ; the urine milky or turbid. Pulsatilla. Administration.—From the dangerous nature and rapi- dity of this disease, no time should be lost in commencing its treatment. The remedies should be given as often as every half hour at first; as the symptoms abate every hour ; then two, three, etc. Should the inflammatory symp- toms continue, Aconite may be alternated with most of the other remedies, specifically indicated by the character of the pain and other symptoms ; should the disease be caused by external injuries, Arnica may be used externally as well as internally, by mixing one part of the tincture with three of water, and applying it to the back and parts most affected. Diet and Regimen.—Same as in other inflammatory dis- eases ; mucilaginous drinks are serviceable, but all stimu- lating beverages should be strictly avoided. IX. SPLENITIS. (Inflammation of the Spleen.) Splenitis, (from the Greek, the Spleen.) Characterized by fever, tension, heat, tumor, and pain in the left hy- pochondrium, increased by pressure. Diagnosis.—The pain in inflammation of the spleen is not exceedingly acute, but always aggravated upon pres- sure ; and pressure against the diaphragm causes nausea and vomiting. When acutely inflamed, a heavy pain is experienced under the false ribs of the left side ; the left inflammation. 87 hypochondrium becomes fuller than usual ; some bilious symptoms are manifest, such as the eyes and skin slightly jaundiced, and the urine tinged with bile ; burning sensa- tion in the stomach ; vertigo on rising up in bed ; an uneasy sensation in the region of the stomach and spleen, similar to dyspeptic symptoms ; difficulty in lying on the left side ; irritability and fretfulness. Causes.—Long continued, intermittent and remittent fevers ; the abuse of Quinine and Peruvian Bark; marshy effluvia, and such causes as tend to congest the liver and spleen : it may also result sympathetically from inflamma- tion of the stomach. Treatment.—In the acute form, with fever and tender- ness in the region of the spleen. Aconite. When there is a drawing sensation extending to the stomach; swelling, with stinging and stitches in the region of the spleen. Bryonia. When the pain is lancinating, and the hypochondria tender to the touch, with a sense of pressure in the stomach. Carbo-veg. For pains principally under the short ribs, or a bruised pain under the last rib ; swelling and hardness of the spleen. • China. When there is vomiting of blood, which Frequently occurs in inflammation of this organ, or bloody stools. Arnica, Rhus.-tox., Arsenic In chronic enlargement of the spleen (or fever cake). Sulph., Calcarea-carb., Carbo-veg. Administration.—It is unnecessary to repeat the reme- 88 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE: dies in this disease oftener than from four to six hours ; - and fomentations may be applied to the region of the spleen. Diet and Regimen.—The same as in inflammation of the liver. X. CARDITIS. (Inflammation of the Heart.) Carditis, (from the Greek, the heart.) Inflammation of the heart does not frequently occur : it is very dangerous, and runs a rapid course. Diagnosis.—The symptoms are fever ; pains in the region of the heart; anxious and oppressive breathing ; palpitation of the heart, at times most violent and irregu- lar ; the pulse small, tense, irregular, and tremulous ; diffi- culty in swallowing ; fainting, and sudden starting in sleep. Causes.—This disease is caused by taking cold ; cold applications to the chest, when heated and perspiring freely; large potations of ice water, when the body is heated by exercise, or exposed to extreme heat; falls, contusions, and metastasis of Rheumatism ; the severest case I ever witnessed was from this cause. Treatment.—In this, as in other inflammatory diseases, the first remedy to be administered, and continued until there is an amelioration of symptom, or indication of another remedy is, Aconite. When the pain is stitching, pressing from within out- wards; the breathing oppressed and difficult, owing to stitches in the chest, or region of the heart, and aggrava- ted upon the least motion. Cactus and Bryonia, altera. Severe pain in the region of the heart, or tensive dull INFLAMMATION. 89 ness of the left half of the chest; palpitation of the heart; great oppression and cough. Cactus, Cannabis. When the pain is of a spasmodic character ; oppression of the chest, with suffocating fits of cough ; pains increased upon lying on the side ; violent palpitation of the heart. Pulsatilla. When the pain is dull ; stitches in the region of the heart; or lacerating, with constriction of the chest and anguish ; violent beating of the heart; oppression of the chest; danger of suffocation. Spigelia. When the pain is pulsative, or by shocks in the region of the heart; the whole breast bone feels bruised and sore ; asthmatic oppression of the chest, with palpitation of the heart. Nux Vomica. Administration.—Aconite is to be administered first, and continued, as previously directed, at intervals (if the symptoms are severe) of a half hour or hour, until there is an abatement, or another drug is indicated by change of symptom ; then given every two, four, or six hours, as may be necessary, judging from the effects obtained Diet and Regimen.—The same as in other organic inflammations. XI. DIAPHRAGMITIS. (Inflammation of the Diaphragm.) Diaphragmitis, (from the Greek, the diaphragm;) in- - fiammation of the diaphragm, or midriff. Diagnosis.—This disease commences with alternate chills and flashes of heat ; pain in the region of the dia- phragm, aggravated upon coughing or sneezing ; pressure 90 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. on the chest and the abdominal muscles, which is gene- rally relieved by bending the body forward. Cough and delirium, are most generally present, and the pulse is accelerated. Causes.—Generally the same as in pleurisy ; and, in addition, mechanical injuries, such as blows or sudden shocks and jarrings, produced by jumping from elevated places. Treatment.—The inflammatory symptoms must first be allayed by the administration of one or two doses of Aconite. When the pain is drawing and extends from the stomach to the back, increased by coughing or a full inspiration ; sickness of the stomach ; and pain greatly aggravated by motion. Bryonia. When the pains are contractive, extending under the false ribs, and the integument is exceedingly sensitive. Nux Vomica. Severe pains in the vicinity of the short ribs ; exceeding sensitiveness upon changing position, particularly with children. Cham. If caused by a mechanical injury. Arnica. Administration.—The same as in pleurisy or inflamma- tion of the lungs. Diet and Regimen.—The same. XII. PERITONITIS. (Inflammation of the Peritoneum.) Peritonitis, (from the Greek, the peritoneum ;) inflamma- tion of the lining membrane of the abdomen, is so closely INFLAMMATION. 91 allied to inflammation of the bowels that it is hardly neces- sary to particularize the premonitory symptoms ; but this disease may appear in a very formidable manner, with a development of all the symptoms, excepting pain ; cases are reported to have terminated fatally, in which the pa- tient complained of little or no pain during the entire pro- gress of the disease ; it is, however, generally characterized by severe pain. > Causes and Treatment.—The same as in Enteritis (inflammation of the bowels) excepting the form denomin- ated. Puerperal Peritonitis, which is caused by long and tedious labors in child-birth, or from the use of instruments in effecting delivery. The principal remedies for this form are Bryonia and Belladonna, with hot water fomentations, particularly if the abdomen becomes distended and very sensitive to the touch. For a sharp pain through the abdomen, from one side to the other ; or a pricking stinging sensation ; frequent de- sire to urinate ; tenesmus of the neck of the bladder ; and soreness of the parts after delivery. Arnica. Administration.—It is sometimes necessary to hurry the administration of remedies in this form of peritoneal inflammation, by repeating them every half-hour or hour, until the urgency of the symptoms abates ; then extend them to two, four or six hours. Diet and Regimen.—The same as in Diaphragmitis. XIII. OPHTHALMIA. (Inflammation of the Eye.) Ophthalmia, (from the Greek, the eye,) inflammation of the membranes of the eye, or of the entire organ, and 92 homoeopathic practice of medicine. is divided by authorities into several varieties, such as catarrhal, rheumatic, gonorrhceal, purulent, scrofulous and syphilitic. Diagnosis.—Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness ; a congested state of the membranes ; pain ; intolerance of light; profuse lachrymation ; sometimes a purulent discharge ; and frequently a sensation as if sand, or some other foreign substance, were in the eye, which pro- duces irritation, scratching, and scraping. When the in- flammation is deeply seated and very acute, severe head- ache is almost a constant attendant; the febrile symptoms are not very violent, and in mild cases entirely absent. Causes.—It may be induced by a variety of exciting causes, such as operate in producing inflammations in other parts, as cold ; suppressed habitual discharges ; exposure to cold winds, or to the vivid rays of the sun ; close ap- plication to study, particularly at night, or by candle light; blows and other mechanical injuries ; metastasis from gout and rheumatism ; syphilis, or by the application of gonorr- hceal matter to the eye. Treatment.—When the inflammation is of an acute character, accompanied with severe pain in the head. Aconite. When the eye is much injected and very red, a feeling of burning dryness in both eyes ; or a lacerating pain ; pain in the orbits ; spasms of the eye ; dimness ; cloudiness and itching in the inner Canthus. Belladonna. When the pain is, as if a foreign body were lodged be- neath the upper lid, with stitches darting to the forehead ; burning of the eyes and lachrymation in the open air. C ale • carb. inflammation. , 93 When the inflammation is more of the eyelids, with swelling particularly of the lower lid ; burning and smarting ; lachrymation, producing a fine eruption around the eyes. Euphrasia. When the swelling and redness are very severe with pressing, burning pains in the eyelids and great sensitive- ness to light. Sulphur. When the eyes are bloodshot and smarting, with swell- ing and softness of the eye; irritable state of mind ; coated tongue and headache. Nux Vomica. If the inflammation is not very severe and the pain is like a pressure ; lachrymation profuse, and a discharge from the nose ; sensitiveness to light; quietness of mind. Ignatia. When the lids are swollen, and redness and congestion still remain ; pain in the head on moving the eyes. Bryonia. When the pain is of a stitching, penetrating character extending into the head, and appearing periodically or at a certain time of day, with a sensation of enlargement of the eye. Spigelia. When caused by the application of gonorrhceal virus to the eye, or by syphilis. Mercurius, Nitric-acid. When by Metastasis from gout and rheumatism. Puis, and Spigelia. When caused by a blow, or the introduction of a for- eign substance into the eye. Arnica, externally. For scrofulous ophthalmia. Bell., Calc-carb., SUicea, Ferrum. For catarrhal ophthalmia. Phos. Sulph. For opacities of the cornea. SUicea. 94 homoeopathic practice of medicine. Administration.—It is needless to repeat the medicines oftener than two, four, or six hours. Arnica should be applied thus ; mix fifteen or twenty drops of the tincture in a tumbler a third or half full of pure water, stir it well and wash the eye three or four times a day : at night wet a pledget of lint and apply it over the eye. In the scrofu- lous or catarrhal form, the eyes may be washed with warm milk and water ; all other external applications are to be strictly avoided. When the eyes are very much congested, dry cups applied to the temples will frequently afford great relief by diverting circulation. Diet and Regimen.—The same as in other organic inflammations. XIV. OTITIS. (Inflammation of the Internal Ear.) Otitis, (from the Greek, the ear.) Inflammation of the internal ear is known by the most excruciating, throbbing pain in the ear, frequently extending through the head, and accompanied with fever. The pain generally con- tinues severe until a suppurative action sets in and a dis- charge, or running from the ear takes place, unless promptly arrested. Causes.—Cold is the principal cause of this affection, although it is not uncommon to see it secondary to mea- sels, scarlet fever, and other eruptive diseases. Treatment.—When the fever is high ; pain acute and extending through the head. Aconite. When the pain is lacerating from above downwards, in the external and internal ear, or more particularly of the inflammation. 95 right side; or tingling in the ears; humming and murmur- ing, worse when sitting ; hardness of hearing and a puri- form discharge from the ear. Belladonna. For a pressing pain in the ear, as if something would press out ; a stinging or a discharge of pus from the ear. Pulsatilla. When the pain is as if something were being pressed through the ears, or soreness and excoriation of the inter- nal ear. Mercurius. When the acuteness of the symptoms has passed off, and there remains a violent itching of the outer ears, or exces- sive sensitiveness to hearing, or a humming and whizzing in the ears. Sulphur. Administration.—When the symptoms are very acute the remedies may be repeated every hour until there is an amelioration, when the time may be extended to three or four hours. When there is severe throbbing pain, and we have reason to suspect suppuration, there is no objection to the application of a simple bread and milk poultice tolerably warm. Diet and Regimen.—Need not be very restrictive ; simply avoid such articles as may interfere with the action of the drugs. XV. LARYNGITIS. (Inflammation of the Larynx.) The Larynx, is a cartilaginous cavity, situated behind the tongue, in the anterior part of the fauces. Inflamma- tion of this part was, until a recent period, confounded with croup. It is a disease that runs a speedy course, and is very insidious in arriving at a fatal crisis. 96 homoeopathic practice of medicine. Diagnosis.—This disease commences with symptoms common to other inflammatory affections ; such as chills, alternating with flashes of heat; soreness in the fauces ; attended with more or less tenderness when compressing the throat; uneasiness in swallowing ; the voice becomes changed to a hoarse, partial whisper ; the breathing be- comes exceedingly laborious ; the pulse is frequent, con- tracted and tense ; face flushed, and as the disease ad- vances becomes purple ; the eyes staring and expressive of great suffering. Causes.—The principal causes are cold, and the sudden suppression of perspiration. The severest case I ever saw, that of an old and estimable friend of mine, was thus produced. Treatment.—During the activity of the inflammatory symptoms in this disease, as of all others. Aconite. When there is violent burning in the throat, with a de- • gree of dryness of the fauces ; internal swelling ; great difficulty in swallowing ; painful contraction and narrow- ing of the throat; choking sensations, as from some ob- struction in the throat; face flushed. Belladonna. Violent scraping, or continued hawking, tingling, in the throat; or roughness and rawness of the throat. Carbo. veg Soreness in the throat; phlegm or a tough, tenacious mucus, which cannot be dislodged ; hoarseness and sore- ness in speaking, and a constant disposition to swallow. Causticum. Constant titillation in the throat, causing a short, dry cough ; hoarseness with inability to speak ; difficultly of breathing. Drosera. Dighi. inflammation. 97 When in addition to the last named symptoms, there are spells of dry coughing in the evening. Hepar-Sulphur. When there is scraping, burning and constriction of the larynx ; dryness ; difficult breathing, as if the throat were closed with a plug; hollow cough with expectoration. Spongia. Administration.—This disease requires close watch- ing, and the minutest attention to the symptoms. The remedies should be administered as often as every half hour, or hour, until there is a manifest improvement, af- ter which they may be repeated in two or three hours. Diet and Regimen.—If the patient can swallow,thin oatmeal gruel, arrow root, rice, or barley, soaked butter crackers, or simple, soft toast. XVI. TONSILITIS. (Inflammation of the Tonsils.) Inflammation of the tonsils constitutes the ordinary inflammatory quinsy; the inflammation is generally con- fined to the tonsils but sometimes spreads to the adjacent mucous and sub-mucous cellular tissue : it mostly attacks those of a full and plethoric habit, and is chiefly confined to cold climates, occurring in the spring and beginning of winter, when the weather is very variable. Diagnosis.—This disease is first discovered by a sore- ness of the throat, and difficulty in swallowing and breath- ing ; lancinating pains in the soft parts of the throat, par- ticularly upon swallowing; the tonsils red and swollen, extending from either side toward the palate, until they not unfrequently meet; the throat is dry and parched ; sometimes there is a considerable secretion of mucus, and 7 9S homoeopathic practice op medicine. a constant ineffectual desire to detach it; the pulse mod- erately accelerated ; tongue foul; breath offensive. Causes.—Exposure to cold ; wet feet; cold, damp, and humid atmospheres ; sitting in damp apartments ; sleep- ing in damp sheets, or near an open window; exposure to night air, or to a current passing directly over the body ; changing the bulk of clothing about the neck during cold weather; and those exposures that tend to give a sudden check to perspiration.* Treatment.—During the first and inflammatory symp- toms of this disease our chief reliance is Aconite. But when the throat is sore, with stitches in the fauces; or dryness with burning; tonsils much enlarged, and of a red or purple color; great difficulty in swallowing. Belladonna, Bryonia. Stitching pain in the tonsils when swallowing; sore- ness frequently extending to the ears; the pain aggra- vated by cold and at night; tongue foul and slimy; and a profuse salivation attending the sore throat. Mercurius. When the pain is increased by movement and swallow- ing; an entire inability to swallow solid food ; beating in the throat. Chamomile. When the tonsils are hard and swollen, with small ul- cers on them ; soreness extending to the ears; pain in the throat when touched. Ignatia. When the inflammation continues, and a disposition to suppuration appears; a constant urging, with an entire inability to swallow ; dryness, or a constant hawking up of mucus; and liquids escaping through the nostrils. Lachesis. Note.—If the throat is ulcerated, or in malignant and putrid sore throat, apply Car- bolic Acid, in the form of vapor or spray, once or twice a day, aud give Merc. Bin. Iod. every tbree or four hours. • inflammation. 99 When the tonsils are red and swollen, with a choking, sore feeling in the throat when swallowing; or small vesicles on the palate or tonsils, which interfere with eat- ing or talking; bitter taste and complete loss of appetite. Sulphur. Administration.—The remedies may be repeated every two, three, or four hours, according to the urgency of the symptoms; fomentations may be applied to the throat. Should the swelling not yield to the appropriate means, and suffocation be threatened, the case then becomes one more within the province of the surgeon than physician. XVII. GLOSSITIS. (Inflammation of the Tongue.) Glossitis, (from the Greek, the tongue.) This disease is not of frequent occurrence; I have seen but three or four cases. When violent, it is very severe and rapidly fatal. Diagnosis.—It commences with a throbbing pain in the tongue; burning, attended with febrile symptoms, which soon become of a highly inflammatory character. The tongue becomes hot, dry, red and swollen; the swell- ing increases until it fills the entire cavity of the mouth, and frequently protrudes between the teeth; the breath- ing becomes difficult, and a sense of impending suffoca- tion or starvation is experienced; the patient can neither move his tongue nor swallow, and his appearance be- comes.truly hideous. Causes.—This disease may arise from local applications to the tongue; mechanical injuries, wounds, the bite or sting of insects ; also, by atmospheric vicissitudes. Dr. Hossack relates a case caused by sitting in a current of 100 homoeopathic practice of medicine. cold air. Stark knew it to occur periodically in case of suppressed menstruation, and I have known it to be pro- duced by the indiscriminate use of the allopath's prime minister, calomel. Treatment.—The high grade of inflammatory action that accompanies this disease requires first to be subdued or at least mitigated by Aconite. After which our chief dependence is upon Belladonna and Mercurius, unless the disease was caused by the lat- ter ; in that case give Hepar-Sulphur. If caused by mechanical injuries, as a contusion or wound. Arnica. If caused by the bite or sting of an insect. Camphor, Ammonia, and Lachesis. Administration.—After Aconite give the Belladonna and Mercurius in alternation every hour or two. It is an error to suppose that Belladonna antidotes Mercurius,^ by comparing their effects in the Materia Medica, it will be perceived that they can be safely given as above. If Hepar-Sulphur is indicated by the cause of the disease, it should be given'every two hours until its effects are ob- served, then at longer intervals. In case of mechanical injury, (contusion or laceration,) Arnica is to be used. Mix eight or ten drops in a wine- glass full of water, and bathe or wet the tongue with it occasionally. Diet and Regimen.—Eating is out of the question in the advanced stage of this disease, but in the commence- ment it should be mild ; gruels, etc inflammation. 101 CROUP. XVIII. TRACHEITIS. (Inflammation of the Wind Pipe. Trachea, (so called from its roughness.) The carti- laginous and membraneous canal through which the air passes into the lungs. An inflammation of this part constitutes what is usually known by the term croup, a disease mostly confined to children. Diagnosis.—A few days previous to the attack, the child appears drowsy or uneasy, and fretful; eyes are suffused and heavy; some fever, and symptoms similar to those of a common cold; hoarseness when crying; cough of a peculiar hoarse, hollow sound ; drawing a long inspiration, withastridulous or crowing noise. Thecough becomes more troublesome and shrill; breathing more difficult; face flushed and swollen ; the eyes protrude on coughing, and each inspiration increases the agitated appearance and anxious expression of the little sufferer; the head is thrown back to straighten the air passages in order to facilitate breathing. The pulse does not show so much inflammatory action as of excitement. Paroxysms appear in many, and I may say in all instances, for it is not uncommon to find the little patient cheerful and playful, and in an hour after struggling as if in death. It is one of those flattering diseases that require the closest watching, and the most energetic treatment. Causes.—Cold is the prominent cause of this affection ; damp, humid atmospheres ; sudden transitions from warm to cold; a current of air passing over an infant while in a state of perspiration, or during sleep. The impropriety of fashionable dress, as a predisposing cause, ought not to 102 homceopathic practice of medicine. be passed by in silence. Mothers, nurses, and guardians, should consider the fatal dangers arising from the mode of dressing children, leaving not only their limbs and shoulders bare, but also the superior third of their chests. This might answer for the comfortably warmed nurseries and parlors which the little creatures so interestingly grace, but they are too often allowed to pass from apart- ment to apartment of different temperatures, and not unfrequently carried in the open air when it is piercing cold, without even supplying them with additional cloth- ing. A due consideration of this neglect may account for the frequent occurrence of the disease.' Treatment.—When the paroxysm is sudden ; cough and difficult breathing ; face red, or red and bloated. Aconite. When the cough is dry, violent, hoarse, hollow or suffo- cative ; great difficulty in breathing. Spongia. Or this remedy may be given in alternation with Hepar. When the disease appears to be of a spasmodic charac- ter, coming on at intervals with no material inflammatory symptoms. Hyosciamus. Camphor. When the breathing appears obstructed by an accumu- lation of mucus ; small particles becoming detached and immediately forming again. Causticum. When the cough is hoarse, hollow and dry, with weari- ness; apparent exhaustion ; great difficulty of breathing, or a dry, spasmodic, wheezing cough. Bromine. When the cough is worse in the morning, or imme- inflammation. 103 diately on waking; violent wheezing and panting; or wheezing and rattling in the chest during sleep. Kali-Bichrom. When the cough becomes more rattling and loose, with rattling in the chest; pulse small and quick ; face pale and covered with perspiration ; extremities either cold or of ordinary temperature, but covered with a drenching perspiration. Ant-Tart. Administration.—Few diseases with which we are call- ed to contend, require more prompt and vigorous treat- ment, nursing and watching. For the acute form, give the remedies when the symptoms are violent, as often as every half-hour or hour, until there appears an abatement or marked improvement; then every two or three hours as the case may demand. When the inflammatory symp- toms continue, and other drugs are indicated by the spec- ialty of the case, they may be given in alternation with the Aconite, particularly the Kali, Causticum, Spongia and Hyosciamus. And I cannot omit recommending fomentations of sim- ple hot water to the throat and superior portion of the chest in this affection, having treated a great many cases, and with marked success. I have invariably used fomen- tations by means of cloths, or napkins wet in hot water, and wrung tolerably dry, and kept changing them as they cooled ; after an abatement of the symptoms, apply a dry soft flannel warmed, instead of the other. This must be done with care, the napkins must not be taken off, and the parts exposed, until another can be applied, but have one ready to apply immediately as the other is removed. It certainly tends to relieve very much, by producing a relaxation and moderate determination to the surface. 1 04 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Diet and Regimen.—Cracker and toast water, or sim- ple ponade, is all that is necessary during the severity of the symptoms; mucilaginous and gummy drinks seem ob- jectionable in this affection, as they appear to adhere to the secretions about the fauces, and tend rather to in- crease the accumulation than otherwise. The tempera- ture should be agreeable. XIX. BRONCHITIS. (Inflammation of the Bronchia.) Bronchitis, (from the Greek, referring to the wind- pipe.) Bronchitis is an inflammation of the air passages of the lungs, commencing at the inferior portion of the tra- chea, which is at the superior part of the breast-bone. Diagnosis.—Bronchitis is very likely to occur in the commencement like a common catarrh : lassitude ; chilli- ness ; slight cough ; and a sense of tightness and oppres- sion in the chest; as the disease increases the oppression becomes severe ; the countenance becomes expressive of anguish ; respiration more or less laborious ; a rattling, wheezing, as if the air was passing through a very small aperture, or obstructed by tough tenacious mucus. At first the cough is dry, but a copious secretion of mucus soon takes place, and with it a considerable abatement of the cough. In robust and plethoric subjects, the pulse frequently exhibits a marked inflammatory action as in pleurisy, but generally the pulse is not indicative of much general inflammation. In the acute form.of this disease the symptoms very much resemble that of Croup in child- ren. Causes.—In the acute form of the disease, (to which we have had reference,) are the same as in general inflam- mations of the organs of the chest and throat. inflammation. 105 Treatment.—The acute form requires to be treated substantially the same as inflammation of the mucous, and sub-mucous cellular tissues of the throat.—See Laryngitis and Croup. Another remedy, however, of great value is Phosphorus, particularly in the catarrhal form of the disease. When there is a roughness of the throat, hoarseness, and a hol- low, loose, panting or fatiguing cough; tension and tightness in the chest. Administration.—The same as in the preceding sec- tions together with the auxiliaries mentioned. Diet and Regimen.—The same. XX. CHRONIC BRONCHITIS. This form of Bronchitis is much more frequent than the acute, and is considered by some to be as fashionable as dyspepsia. Asthmatic and catarrhal persons are par- ticularly predisposed to it; the latter are liable to suffer winter after winter. Some are constitutionally predis- posed to it by physical conformation, in which case the lungs and air passages are most always in an irritable condition. It also attacks the plethoric, and such as are subject to pulmonaiy congestion, and is sometimes termed the " clerical disease," because clergymen, etc., are among its most common victims. Diagnosis.—An uneasiness in the chest; rattling, or a loud respiratory murmur; cough, generally with expec- toration of mucus; hoarseness increased by talking; hawking and scraping of the throat. When in bed the patient breathes easier with his head and shoulders well 106 homoeopathic practice of medicine. elevated. The expectoration varies, is sometimes a tough tenacious mucus, at others catarrhal; muco-purulent; serous; watery; frothy; ropy; short and creamy; and it is not uncommon to see all these varieties of expecto- ration exist at the same time ; but they commonly suc- ceed each other ; generally there is no great febrile heat; the pulse is small and frequent; and increased tempera- ture in the palms of the hands, and a general irritable state of the system, both physically and mentally. Treatment.—If there are any inflammatory symptoms during the commencement, or at any stage of the disease, such as headache, fever, accelerated pulse, and dry skin, and more particularly when there is no cough of any consequence during the day, but a violent one immedi- ately upon going to bed. Aconite. Pain or soreness of the chest, particularly on coughing and an expectoration of frothy mucus. Bryonia. When there is hoarseness without pain; a dry hacking cough at night; or cough during the day, with a yellow- ish expectoration; some oppression of the chest; and the patient low spirited, gloomy, and apprehensive. Calcarea- Carbonica. When the throat is sore and stinging when swallow- ing; bowels constipated; bitter taste in the morning; uneasy pressure in the stomach; congestive or oppres- sive heaviness in the chest. SUicea. Loss of memory ; absence of mind, or a feeling of in- distinctness, as if intoxicated, would especially indicate this last drug almost in the absence of the other symp- toms. Hoarseness in the morning; almost entire loss of voice; INFLAMMATION. 107 roughness of the throat; cough from titillation in the throat, or from tickling in the chest; or a raw hoarse- ness in the chest; expectoration greenish, saltish, puru- lent, or of a white catarrhal mucus. Phosphorus. Aversion to work ; discontent; irresolution ; irritabil- ity ; indifference and absence of shame, are prominent among the moral symptoms indicating the same drug. When there is a shortness of breath in the morning, and a soreness in the upper part of the chest, aggravated by talking; short and hacking cough, with moderate ex- pectoration ; or a violent cough which almost causes vomiting. Kali-Carb. Or if there is a sore pain in the throat, with a scraping sensation and hawking up of mucus, the last drug will answer well. For great weakness in the chest when talking, and rather asthmatic during a walk, or in the open air ; heavy feeling or beating in the chest; a dry hot sensation in the throat; almost complete loss of voice ; bitter taste ; no appetite, or great aversion to meat. Sulphur. Administration.—This disease is one of those long lin- gering chronic difficulties, in which the repetition of the drugs at short intervals is more likely to prove prejudi- cial than otherwise, unless the attack is recent. I seldom repeat the doses oftener than once a day, giving each drug time to act; the indications will be far more dis- tinct, and the result more satisfactory. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be nutritious, of easy digestion, and unirritating; almost anything the patient fancies, if it does not interfere with the action of 108 homoeopathic practice of medicine. the drugs. Moderate exercise in the air, with care to avoid a humid atmosphere and night air; cheerful com- pany and diverting amusements will materially mitigate the patient's suffering, and also prove an auxiliary to the remedies in his restoration. Several of my patients, who were deemed incurable by many, have spent their winters in Florida with the happiest results. XXI. INFLAMMATION OF THE NOSE. The prominent and unprotected position of the nose exposes it to many injuries and diseases from blows, cold, etc.; it is also subject to an eruptive disease, termed, Noli me tangerc, from its extreme tenderness. When the nose appears red, with internal soreness and sensitiveness to the touch ; and feverish. Aconite. Redness of the tip of the nose, with a burning sensation, ulceration of the nostrils and corners of the lips, without itching or pain ; or small red blotches at the root of the nose, painful only when touched. Belladonna. When there is swelling of the whole organ, and of the nasal bones; coryza, with sneezing. Mercurius. When there is swelling of the nose, and loss of smell, with violent coryza. Sulphur. When the inflammation and swelling are caused by a blow or some mechanical injury. Arnica, externally. When caused by mercury, which is frequently the case. Hepar-Sulphur. When caused by syphilis; red or copper-colored spots appear on the nose. Mercurius. When caused by having been frost-bitten. Agaricus and Sulph. inflammation. 109 Administration.—Repeat the remedies every three or four hours. If the case results from external injury use Arnica: mix ten or fifteen drops of the tincture in an ounce of water, and simply wash the part with it occa- sionally during the day, by means of a piece of linen. Diet and Regimen.—As in ordinary local inflammation. XXII. INFLAMMATION OF THE PALATE. Inflammation and elongation of the palate generally takes place to a greater or less extent in nearly all inflam- matory affections of the throat. But it frequently occurs idiopathic ally, (not depending on the other,) and some persons are subject to it after the slightest cold. The palate appears much inflamed, red, and swollen; is drawn to one side, or elongated, resting on the tongue, and pro- ducinga burning sensation, or as of some foreign substance in the throat; with a constant inclination to swallow, attended with some difficulty. Causes.—Cold, and injuries from foreign bodies, are the principal causes of this affection; when it occurs during inflammation of the throat, it is to be regarded only as a symptom of that disease. Treatment.—If there is much swelling and redness. Aconite. If the palate is swollen ; some soreness of the throat, or the swelling extends to the tonsils, with difficulty in swallowing. Nux Vomica. Or Nux Vomica may be given in alternation with Belladonna. 110 homoeopathic practice of medicine. When there is swelling and small ash-colored spots on the palate, with an increased flow of saliva and foul tongue. Lachesis, Mercurius. When the palate is elongated and swollen, with small vesicles on it, and a dryness of the throat. Sulphuris. Administration.—Nux Vomica is regarded as the prin- cipal remedy in this affection, to be administered night and morning; but as other remedies may be far more strictly indicated, they should be given, and repeated morning, noon, and night, until they have the desired effect. Diet and Regimen.—As in inflammatory affections of the throat generally. XXIII. INFLAMMATION OF THE GUMS. An inflammation of the gums is of frequent occurrence and extremely annoying, but not materially dangerous. The gums are sometimes red, swollen, extremely tender, and very prone to bleed ; at other times are spongy, bleed readily, and are covered with small white canker sores; the mouth is frequently hot and dry, and again filled with saliva ; tongue coated, foul and slimy ; with foul breath and putrid taste. Causes.—Dental irritation is the most frequent cause in children, and not an uncommon one among adults; in the former case from dentition, and in the latter from decayed teeth. It is also caused by impure articles of food, or confined to a certain class of salt food, which we observe among sailors and others during long voyages at sea, (producing a species of scurvy,) and the improper use of drugs, such as mercury, in salivation. INFLAMMATION. Ill Treatment.—When the mouth is dry; gums much swollen, and prone to bleed; or the mouth slimy on awaking in the morning, with an offensive smell. Belladonna. When the gums are very much congested, appear dark, with blood oozing from them, and some parts covered by a film of coagulated blood. Arnica. When the gums are covered with small ulcers, and retract from the teeth ; teeth covered with a thick putrid smelling sordes; tongue foul and profuse ptyalism. Mercurius. When there is not much swelling, but the gums itch, and the teeth appear loose or elongated ; or the gums are swollen and appear white. Nitric-acid. When the gums feel raw; putrid, cadaverous smell; with a dark bloody saliva from the mouth. Nux Vomica. When there are vesicles or apthea on the gums, and a burning or swelling of the gums with throbbing pain ; and a sour odor from the mouth. Sulphur. When caused by mercury. Hepar-Sulphuris. When caused by teething, and the gums are very red and sensitive; with congestion of the head and symp- toms of spasms. Aconite. Administration.—Give the drugs indicated, every two, three, or four hours, according to the urgency of the symptoms. But when Arnica is indicated, I have gen- erally allowed them to hold for a few seconds diluted Ar- nica in their mouths, with very happy results, say ten or fifteen drops in a tumbler half full of water; and have 112 homoeopathic practice of medicine. also administered a tea spoonful every three or four hours of the same strength. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be soft and mucilaginous, as broths, gruels, etc.; moderate exercise if desired, and fresh, wholesome air. XXIV. GONITIS. (Inflammation of the Knee.) . This important joint is not unfrequently the seat of inflammation and swelling, producing sometimes severe pain and lameness. Causes.—The causes are injuries from blows, falls, etc., in addition to those of rheumatism. Treatment.—When the inflammation and swelling is acute, producing some general fever. Aconite. When the pain is violent; with tremulousness of the knees, and a sensation as if they would give way, par- ticularly in walking down stairs. Belladonna. When the pain is tensive, and increased by motion, with painful stiffness of the knees, and a rheumatic red shining swelling. Bryonia. When the pain is dull, aching, and worse at night. Rhus-tox. When the pain is of a stiffening character, with a de- gree of rigidity in the tendons under the knee ; painful, weariness, and swelling, or a puffed, dropsical state. Sulphur. When the pain is gnawing, lacerating, and when lying down, a sensation as if the knee were broken. Mercurius. INFLAMMATION. 113 When caused by a bruise. Arnica, externally. Administration.—The same as in rheumatism. Diet.—The ordinary food, not incompatible with the remedies. XXV. PAROTITIS. (Mumps.) A swelling of the cheek, which extends under the jaw from its angle sometimes to the neck, and proceeds from an inflammation of the parotid gland. When the swell- ing is severe, it frequently produces a difficulty in swal- lowing and breathing; it generally prevails epidemically, and is contagious. Diagnosis.—The disease generally commences with more or less febrile excitement, and a feeling of stiffness in the jaws; some swelling with pain is experienced in the region of one or both of the parotid glands, which gradually increases until the fourth day, when the cheek is much swollen, firm, and rather tender to the touch ; during the latter part of the fourth or the beginning of the fifth day, the swelling begins to subside; a gentle perspiration sets in, and the urine deposits a red sedi- ment. Few diseases are so prone to metastatise as Parotitis, which generally takes place as the swelling of the glands begins to diminish. The breasts of females, and the tes- ticles of males, frequently become much swollen, hard, and extremely painful, and are sometimes attended with serious consequences; or a sudden transmission to the brain occurs, producing coma, or furious delirium. But 8 114 homoeopathic practice of medicine. these results seldom follow, unless the patient is exposed to cold ; hence the propriety of keeping the face pro- perly covered, and strictly avoiding all exposure. Treatment.—During the initiatory symptoms, when the patient complains of headache, thirst, with some febrile heat present, and a pulse moderately accelerated. Aconite. After the febrile symptoms have abated, and the swell- ing moderately increases, producing some stiffness of the jaws, and difficulty in swallowing. Mercurius. But if the patient complains of wandering, or erratic pains, with occasional chills; give Pulsatilla in alterna- tion with Mercurius. Should the swelling suddenly disappear, and metasta tise to the brain, producing coma ; give Opium. If the patient becomes delirious ; face flushed; eyes injected ; pulse moderately firm or tense. Belladonna. ~ Should there be any furiousness or raving, follow the last drug with Hyosciamus. When the disease has metastatised to the testicles, pro- ducing swelling, inflammation, and pain in those parts ; or a drawing pain, extending up the spermatic cords. Pulsatilla and Nux Vomica in alternation. When the breasts become swollen and hard; the pa- tient complains of oppression of the chest, and difficult breathing, with occasional stitches through the breast bone. Belladonna. Administration,—Give the drug indicated every three or four hours, unless the disease metastatises to a remote inflammation. 115 part; then repeat the appropriate drug as often as every two or three hours, until the severity of the symptoms disappears. Hot fomentations applied to the region of the parotid glands immediately on the appearance of metastasis, will generally act as an irritant, by rousing up the action in the part of the primary irritation, and at once put a stop to the reflected disease; or at least prevent more complete metastasis. I have frequently practiced it with the best results. CHAPTER IV. RHEUMATISMUS. (Rheumatism.) Rheumatism, (from the Greek, to be afflicted with de- fluxions.) It is a disease in the class Pyrexia, and order Phlegmasia of Cullen. It is characterized by pains in the joints, increased on motion; swellings and redness ; pulse accelerated; increased temperature and thirst. Thepain, swelling, and inflammation generally commence in the joints of the extremities, in the toes and ankles, passing thence to the hips; and from joints of the fin- gers successively to the shoulders. This form constitutes the acute articular or inflammatory rheumatism, and is very prone to metastatise when treated by bleeding and the lo- cal application of anodyne embrocations and blisters. The chronic form is distinguished by pains in the joints or muscles without fever, (Rheumatismus nonfebrilis, of Rich- ter,) and is divided into species according to the parts af- fected. When the pains are confined to the loins it is termed Lumbago ; when to the hip joint, Sciatica ; to the joints generally, Arthrodynia ; and it is not uncommon for the acute form to terminate in one of these species. It may arise at all seasons of the year, but more frequent- ly during spring and autumn, when the changes are great- er from warm to cold, and from wet to dry; it attacks persons of all ages, especially those who have passed the meridian of life, and sometimes children are severe- ly afflicted with it. Diagnosis.—It appears hardly necessary to diagnose more particularly the characteristics of rheumatism; but rheumatism. 117 as it is prone to pass from one part to another, as from the extremities to the chest, or to the internal organs, it is well to indicate some rules to distinguish it in such cases from ordinary inflammation of such organs. And this can- not be done with any degree of certainty by simply ob- serving (as we are taught by recent authority) " whether the disease in the acute form appeared after taking cold, by disturbing the action of the skin; or whether, in its chronic type, the changes of the atmosphere influence its severity :" for the most prolific source of inflammation, particularly of the internal organs, is cold, and inflamma- tion is always influenced more or less by atmospheric changes. But the method that I have adopted to detect the rheumatic character, is^/zrs/to inquire whether the at- tack was preceded by rheumatism, if so, what was its char- acter, and how soon did the attack appear after the sup- posed removal of rheumatism. If the attack was preceded by rheumatism, and appeared soon after the removal of the pains, we can infer its rheumatic character. Second- ly, although the pain may be very acute, the inflammatory symptoms are never so great, nor is there that bounding pulse so characteristic of other inflammations. Thirdly, the perspiration is of a urinous odor, in consequence of vicarious secretion ; urea and lithic acid float in the blood, and are observed in the perspirable matter; and the urine is albuminous and diminished in quantity. The albumen may be easily discovered as the substance, in appearance like the white of an egg, which adheres to a splinter taken from a broom, when immersed in the urine an hour or two after being voided ; or it may also be detected by boiling some urine in an iron spoon over a lamp, which gives it an opaque appearance. 118 homoeopathic practice of medicine. Causes.—Rheumatism is one of the penalties of dissi- pation, and certain to be its companion in old age. There are many causes, however, that tend to produce this dis- ease even among the young and abstemious; such as sit- ting in a current of air ; bathing in cold water when ex- cited and perspiring freely ; sleeping in damp apart- ments, or in damp linens; exposure to cold or wet in changeable weather. It also frequently follows scarlet fever, measles, dysentery, and suppressed habitual dis- charges. The indiscriminate use of mercury is one of the most frequent causes. Treatment.—In the inflammatory form, Aconite must be administered until there is an amelioration of symptom. When the joints are red, stiff, and much swollen, with burning pains, eyes injected, and a determination of blood to the head. Belladonna. When the pains are tearing, with sharp stitches in- creased by motion. Bryonia. When the pains are similar to those caused by a sprain or bruise. Arnica. When the pains are drawing, and there is a degree of numbness in the affected part; constant pain, worse at night, and great restlessness. Chamomilla. When the pains are stitching, burning, and tearing, and aggravated by cold or damp weather. Mercurius. Jerking pains like shocks, or tensive pains, particular- ly about the back and loins, with a degree of numbness and twitchings of the muscles. Nux Vomica. When the pains are drawing, jerking, or sharp Ian- RHEUMATISM. 119 cinating, and worse in a warm room, or when warm in bed. Pulsatilla. Burning tensive pains ; red shining swellings, and the pains aggravated at night. Rhus-toxicodendron. When the pains are lacerating, jerking, and more in the left side ; in the skin and muscles ; and extending to the periosteum and bone ; pains shooting from the shoul- der to the hip, from the head to the face, and affecting the front teeth ; excessive sensitiveness of the body to cold; languor and weakness of the limbs. Colchicum. If caused by excessive use of spirituous liquors. Nux Vomica. If caused by syphilis. Mercurius. If caused by getting wet; the pains are in the small of the back drawing from thence to the thighs ; stitches in the back and a drawing pain in the posterior muscles of the neck and nape of the neck. Dulcamara. If caused by the indiscriminate use of mercury. Hepar-Sulph. When the disease passes from the acute form, to the chronic ; with pains wandering from place to place, and after the use of such remedies as Aeon., Bell., Puis., Bry- on., a cure may be effected by Sulphur. External applications, as blisters, anodyne liniments, stimulating embrocations, etc.. to be strictly avoided, as they only tend to act locally, benumbing the sensibility of the part, and in many instances rendering the case far more serious by causing it to metastatise to some internal organ. But there is no objection to the application of silk oil-cloth, a thin sheet of gutta percha, or india rub- 120 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. ber to the part most affected, as it may relieve by pro- moting an exhalation from the part, and thereby aid in effecting a cure. Administration.—In the acute form, when the pains are severe and cause much suffering, the remedies may be repeated every half hour, or hour, until relief is ob- tained ; after which the intervals between the adminis- tration should be extended. But in the chronic form they ought not to be repeated oftener than three or four hours. DiET,—Should be mild; oatmeal gruel, farina pud- ding, plain toast, boiled rice, simple broths, and plain boiled custards. 1. CHRONIC RHEUMATISM. It is unnecessary to particularize this form of rheuma- tism, after the general description given in the preceding chapter. It is frequently the winding up of the acute form, and also occurs independent of it, characterized by severe pain and lameness of a joint, but without much swelling or inflammatory symptoms, as redness and heat in the affected part. It is very prone to affect the knees, hips and shoulder joints, producing almost as much pain and difficulty in moving them as if they were dislocated. Treatment.—When it affects the joints generally. Colchicum. When the shoulder and elbow joints are most affected Pulsatilla and Bryonia. When the back is most affected. Nttx Vomica and Lycopodium. GOUT. 121 When it affects the knees; with stitches particularly when moving them and walking, and pains of a lancinat- ing character, with a degree of tension extending to the calves of the legs. Bryonia. For pain of a tensive character in the hip joint when walking, or for a drawing pain in the left hip, or a de- gree of uneasiness and heaviness in the lower limbs. Sulphur. For lancinating pains in the knees, like jerks, or for inflammatory, swelling of the knee, with stinging pain. Collinsonia, Pulsatilla. For aching bruised pains, worse at night. Rhus-tox. When the pains are mostly of the muscles, attended with numbness. Plumbum. And in the absence of the above special indications. Sulphur. In addition to the remedies named, the application of dry hot cotton batting to the affected part, particularly on going to bed, will be found of great service. Administration.—Repeat the remedies two or three times a day. Diet.—More liberal than in the acute form. II. ARTHRITIS. (Gout.) Arthritis, (from the Greek, meaning a joint,) because it is commonly confined to the joints. It is denominated by Dr. Cullen in his Nosology, Podagra, because he con- siders the foot to be the seat of idiopathic gout: he di- 122 homoeopathic practice of medicine. vides it into four species : the regular, atonic, retroce- dent and misplaced. Gout is a painful disease, preceded by flatulency and indigestion, accompanied by fever, pains in the joints of the hands and feet, and particularly of the great toe; occurs chiefly in the spring and beginning of winter, and returns in paroxysms. It most generally attacks the corpulent and robust of the male sex ; instances of it are also met with in robust females. It seldom appears at an earlier period of life than thirty-five or forty, and when it does, it may be presumed to arise from *an hereditary disposition, (Hooper.) Diagnosis.—Podagra rcgularis. Regular gout, some- times appears suddenly; at other times it is preceded by an unusual coldness, and suppressed perspiration of the feet and legs, with numbness and pricking sensation ; di- minished appetite, indigestion and flatulency. The pa- tient is awaked from sleep by the severity of the pain, usually in the first joint of the great toe; it sometimes attacks other parts of the foot, the heel, or perhaps the whole of the foot; it is of a dislocating sensation, and as if cold water were poured over the foot; as it becomes more violent, rigors and other febrile symptoms set in; is always worse at night, but gradually diminishes until it finally disappears. In those subject to gout, it is not uncommon to find chalky concretions covering the joints, which were formerly supposed to be carbonate of lime, but were recently proved to be uric, or lithic acid and soda; similar deposits have taken place in the kidneys. III. PODAGRA ATONIC A. (Atonic Gout.) When the stomach becomes particularly affected, the GOUT. 123 patient is troubled with flatulency, indigestion, loss of appetite, eructations, nausea, and palpitation of the heart. In other cases the head becomes affected with pain and giddiness, with a tendency to apoplexy; severe pain in the region of the stomach, heart, or lungs; de- jection of spirits, with hypochondriacal symptoms. When the above occurs in those of a gouty diathesis, and from some cause there is no inflammatory affection of the joints of the extremities, it constitutes atonic gout. TV. PODAGRA RETROGRADA. (Retrocedent Gout.) Pain, swelling, and inflammation of the joint, which, instead of passing off gradually, ceases suddenly, and is transferred to some internal organ; if to the stomach, it produces, nausea, vomiting, and great anxiety; if to the heart, the pain is severe in the cardiac region, and syn- cope is a prominent symptom ; when to the lungs, there is severe pain in the chest, with tightness and oppres- sion, as in Asthma; and when to the head, it is very prone to produce Apoplexy or Palsy. Causes.—Gout may be termed the companion of Epi- cures, for it is generally caused by high living, embracing the free use of rich animal food, highly seasoned dishes, the inordinate use of distilled and fermented liquors; acid wines, also hard cider, etc. But there are other causes, such as exposure to cold, sedentary habits, close mental application, suppressed habitual discharges, and the free use of vinegar; or it may not be traceable to any ex- citing cause, but proceed from hereditary predisposition. Treatment.—When the attack commences with nau- sea and vomiting. Ant - Crude. 124 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When the attack commences with much fever. Aconite. When the attack commences with shivering and creep- ing chills. Pulsatilla. When the pains are principally in the great toe. Puis. Arnica. When the attack commences in the heel, affecting the large tendon (tendo achillis.) Cannabis. When the attack commences in the foot, knee and calf of the leg. Bryonia. When the entire foot is equally painful. Rhus-tox. For the retrocedent, or wandering gout. Pulsatilla, Arnica, Nux Vomica. For the gouty nodes and lumps. Antimony-Crude, Cal- carea, Carbonica, Graphites, Lycopedium, Phosphorus, and Sepia. For gout in fishermen, and those exposed to the water. Dulcamara. When it affects the stomach. Antim. Nux Vomica. When it affects the heart. Aconite, Pulsatilla. When it affects the lungs. Aconite, Bryonia. When it affects the liver. Aconite, Nux Vom., Pulsatilla. When it affects the kidneys. Aconite, Arsen., Bell., Cantharides. When it affects the bladder. Aconite, Cannabis, Cantharides. Nitric-acid, Phosphorus, Ledum, Lycopodium, Manga- GOUT. 125 man and Ferrum, have all been recommended in gout, but I have generally succeeded well with those specifi- cally named ; there may be cases requiring one or more of the other drugs, which should be selected, by care- fully consulting the Materia Medica, and adapting the drug to the peculiarity of the symptom. Administration.—If the medicine selected is in form of tincture, mix three or four drops in a tumbler half full of pure cold water, stir it well, and give from a large-sized teaspoonful to a tablespoonful at a dose. If pellets are used, dissolve from ten to twelve in a like quantity of water, and give similarly; or two or three may be placed on the tongue and allowed to dissolve. If powders (trituratives) are used, give a small powder, say, from three to five grains at a dose. External applications, enveloping the part or joint af- fected in oiled silk, or thin India rubber, will tend very materially to augment the cure, by producing profuse local exhalation. Diet and Regimen.—The food should be rather sim- ple and restricted in quantity as well as in quality ; all seasonings of a stimulating and aromatic character must be strictly avoided, also stimulating and acid beverages. CHAPTER V. CHOLERA. The term Cholera is derived by Celsus, from the Greek, literally meaning a flow of bile ; by Trallian as an intes- tinal flux, and by Dr. Cullen, in his Nosology, as a genus of disease in the class Neurosis and order Spasmi. Hooper defines it as a " purging and vomiting of bile, with anx- iety; painful gripings ; spasms of the abdominal muscles, and those of the calves of the legs," and particularizes two species:—" 1. Cholera spontanea, which happens in hot seasons, without any manifest cause. 2. Cholera accidentalis, which occurs after the use of food that di- gests slowly and irritates;" both of these species, or either of them constitutes the disease usually denomi- nated I. CHOLERA-MORBUS. This disease occurs generally during the summer months in almost every section of the country, and differs widely from that fatal scourge " Asiatic Cholera" but with which it has not unfrequently been confounded. Its attacks are generally sudden, commencing with sickness of the stom- ach and vomiting; severe griping and cutting pains in the stomach and bowels, accompanied with purging, and some- times violent cramps. At the commencement, the pulse is somewhat accelerated, and skin rather above the natural CHOLERA MORBUS. 127 temperature; the substances discharged from the stomach appear to be nothing more than its ordinary contents mixed with bile ; and the discharge from the bowels at first are feces much resembling an ordinary diarrhoeic stool; but as the disease advances, the pulse becomes small, the skin cool, face pale and covered with perspira- tion. The matter thrown from the stomach much dimin- ished in quantity and is changed to a thin watery or slimy liquid, with violent retchings; the stools become less copious and changed to a thin bilious or watery substance, and sometimes to a slimy mucus, particularly if there is much tenesmus, (a straining and bearing down sensation.) Causes.—The heat of summer, more particularly when the nights are cool, chilly or humid; errors in diet, such as eating indigestible and irritating articles of food, un- ripe and acrid fruits; or drinking largely of acidulated liquids, beer, etc., and the too free use of iced water when heated; suppressed habitual discharges, or repelled cuta- neous eruptions. Treatment.—The principal remedies in this disease are Aconite, Ipecac, Antimony, Arsenic, Colocynth, Vera- trum, Dulcamara. At the commencement, if there is any fever, give Aco- nite, which will frequently arrest the disease at once. But should the disease progress, with vomiting and purging of a bilious character, give Ipecac. If the discharge from the stomach and bowels is thin and watery; the face pale, and covered with perspira- tion in large drops, give Antimony. When the vomiting is very violent; and diarrhoea of a 128 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. watery, bilious, dark brown, green or black appearance, with severe pains in the abdomen, sudden prostration, coldness of the extremities, clammy sweat, and burning thirst. Arsenicum. If, in addition to the above symptoms, the pains in the abdomen are very sharp and cutting, particularly around the navel; cramps of the muscles of the legs, and great prostration. Veratrum. Or Veratrum may be given in alternation with Arseni- cum, when the pains are more of a colic character, with vomiting and purging of a green bilious matter. And as the disease advances, and the discharges be- come rather colorless and watery. Colocynth. When caused by cold drinks, or sudden changes of temperature, and the disease attended with bilious stools and vomiting. Dulcamara. Administration.—As the disease is an acute one, and requires prompt efforts to arrest its progress, the appro- priate drug should be given every ten, fifteen or twenty minutes, according to the urgency of the symptoms, and persisted in until another is indicated by a change of symptom; when the disease begins to yield, and the symp- toms become less formidable, the remedies must be given at longer intervals. External applications, dry heat, in the form of heated bricks, or bottles filled with hot water, may be applied to the feet; or the limbs may be wrapped in hot flannel, and hot flannel cloths applied over the stomach and bowels, or if the skin is hot and dry, with severe abdominal pains, hot fomentations to the bowels are not only admissible, but in many instances will prove a valuable auxiliary. CHOLERA ASIATICA. 129 But I strongly object to the employment of mustard paste and poultices, as recommended by some of my homoe- opathic friends, because the smell is not only very disagree- able to the patient when such an extreme irritability of the stomach exists, but must necessarily tend to interfere very materially with the action of the drugs. Diet and Regimen—Of course should be mild; thin gruel of oat meal; toast and barley-water ; mucilaginous drinks, such as gum arabic, arrow-root, and rice-water; or cold water if desired, but in very small quantities. When the symptoms are subdued, and the patient is fairly recovering, he may be indulged, but with great care and moderation, in beef-tea, plain mutton-broth, toast, etc. II. CHOLERA ASIATICA. (Asiatic Cholera.) Long before this dreaded disease appeared among us, we were warned of its fatal ravages. Starting from Asia, gradually spreading over Europe, advancing thence to America, it made its terrible tour of the civilized world, leaving thousands of victims to mark indelibly the line of its fearful progress. Learned controversies were held as to its true patho- logical character; numerous and diverse modes of treat- ment were proclaimed; positive specifics were thought to be discovered in opium,calomel, stimulants,and counter- irritants, but all proved too truly a system of " fatal ex- periments." While Allopathy, with all its pretensions, shrunk in dismay at the approach of the epidemic, and betrayed its utter inefficiency to cope with it, Homoeo- pathy followed up the scourge through Germany, Russia, France, and other European provinces, and successfully 9 130 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. contended with it at every step, and in America alone, in the hands of the lamented Gram at New York, of Pulte at the west, and of many others now equally distinguish- ed, its triumphant success has proved it to be the only true system of medicine. Diagnosis.—The precursory symptoms of this disease are not always alike. Sometimes it commences with diarrhoea, which may continue for some few hours before the appearance of any other symptoms; at other times with vomiting and spasms of the muscles of the chest, and not unfrequently with most violent vomiting and purging of a substance resembling rice-water, with cramps in the muscles of the chest, abdomen and extremities, which almost raise them in knots, and cause a sensation as of being torn from their attachments; rapid prostration and sinking; cadaverous countenance; livid lips with a blu- ish tinge of the entire surface of the body ; imperceptible pulse; extremities of an icy coldness; and hands and feet shriveled as if they had been immersed in water for a long time. During the intermission of the paroxysm, the patient seems dead; then again at its return he moans in great agony, and while sensible, suffers a burning thirst, with the surface of a death-like coldness and cover- ed with a cold, clammy perspiration. During all these symptoms, although severe in the extreme, the consci- ousness is generally retained. Causes.—The cause of Asiatic Cholera, after much discussion, still remains a mystery. Whatever be the un- known agent it is always greatly assisted by predisposing causes, mental and physical; such as fear, care, protracted watchings, exposures, impure food, partially decomposed vegetables, too much exercise, exhausting labor, and any CHOLERA. 131 debilitating excess. As to its pathology, my own experi- ence partially confirms that advanced by Dr. Pulte; my experiments on the discharge from the bowels, (both while warm and in a fluid state, and while cold and coagulated,) have fully confirmed its serous character, as consisting necessarily in a decomposition of the blood, and being emphatically a hemorrhage of serum. Prevention.—During the prevalence of Cholera, it is necessary to avoid everything that may in the least be- come a predisposing cause; such as grief, terror, fear of an attack, irregularity and excess of every kind, exposure to night air, all food, fruit and liquids that tend to irri- tate the stomach or to relax the bowels. Preserve a con- stant cheerfulness of mind, and attend as usual to busi- ness ; wear flannel under-clothing and sleep between flan- nel sheets. Any great or sudden change from the usual mode of living may tend to cause rather than prevent an attack; it is only necessary to observe temperance and moderation in all things. Treatment.—When the disease commences with diar- rhoeic discharges from the bowels, place the patient at once in a recumbent position, and cover him warmly with flannels, paying especial attention to the warmth of his hands and feet. Vomiting and rice-water discharges con- stitute the Jirst stage; when Camphor should be adminis- tered in drop doses of the ordinary tincture, in a tea- spoonful of cold water, every three, five or ten minutes, according to the urgency of the symptoms. As soon as a warm glow or moderate perspiration appears give the doses at longer intervals, and discontinue them when the perspiration becomes freer. The patient must remain per- fectly quiet for six or eight hours, until his recovery is no 132 HOMCEPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. longer doubtful; when a little dry and substantial food may be allowed. Should diarrhoea set in, or an occasional discharge from the bowels, with a bearing down sensa- tion, give a dose of Belladonna, and should the stool be of a dysenteric character with fecal matter and bloody mu- cus, Mercurius: in fine, the indications will be the same as in Dysentery. If the Cholera proceeds into the second stage, Veratrum and Cupium are necessary. Administer the former when there are cramps and violent spasmodic contractions of the extremities and bowels ; and the latter, if the cramps are more especially in the chest, with great difficulty of breathing, and livid lips and face ; or they may be given in alternation, if the prominent symptoms of each drug are very general. If these remedies are not successful within three or four hours, or if the cramps are more of the calves of the legs, or the patient is threatened with stupor, particularly if an aged person, or if diarrhoea continues, Pulte advises Secale corn, (vide " Domestic Physician.") During this stage it is all important to keep the patient as warm as possible, by means of friction with the hands of two or three per- sons, and by the application of dry heat to the feet and limbs, in the form of heated bricks and irons, or of bot- tles filled with hot water; the chest and abdomen should also be covered with hot flannels. Should the patient complain of an internal burning as if from fire, and desire cold water, it may be given in small quantities, and even small bits of ice may be allowed with benefit. If the disease passes into the third stage, {collapse,) the treatment is not essentially different from that of the second. Arsenicum may, however, be given to advantage, in alternation with Veratrum, which is indicated simply DIARRHOEA. 133 by the prostration and burning thirst: or Camphor alone, may be successfully used. I think Camphor and Vera- trum are sufficient in almost every case, and have never discovered the propriety, and am still at a loss for a sin- gle philosophic argument in favor of enveloping a pa- tient, at this stage, in a cold wet sheet, when the sur- face is cold as death, and destitute of capillary circula- tion and reactive force. If the patient can swallow, give Veratrum and Arseni- cum in alternation ; allow an occasional piece of ice, or small quantities of ice water ; apply dry heat externally, and use friction as previously directed. Administration.—For the first stage, repeat as direct- ed ; in the second and third stages, the remedies should be given every ten, fifteen, or twenty minutes, until a decided improvement is manifested. Dissolve ten or twelve pillets of Veratrum, in about six tea-spoonfuls of water, and give a tea-spoonful for a dose; the Cuprum should be similarly prepared and given ; if in the form of powder, four or five grains of the third attenuation may be used in the same manner as the pillets. Arsenic should be administered in the same way. Diet and Regimen.—During convalescence observe great care in diet and exercise ; they should be mild, and have reference to the debility of the system, and its pre- disposition to a second attack ; at first, simple broths, beef-tea, rice, and toast. III. DIARRHCEA. Diarrhoea, (from the Greek, to flow through.) A purg- ing, or a mere looseness of the bowels. The discharge 134 homoeopathic practice of medicine. varies in character, and may be bilious, mucous, watery, or bloody, etc., depending to a great extent upon the cause. This is also a disease incident to the summer and fall, excepting when it proceeds from teething, (dental irritation,) which may occur at any season. Causes.—The causes of diarrhoea are somewhat nu- merous : such as the eating of unripe, or the immoderate use of ripened fruit; over-taxing the stomach ; exposure to cold ; getting wet while in a warm and excited state ; impure air; the effluvia arising from marshy districts ; worms ; indigestion ; repelled cutaneous eruptions. It often appears secondary to Measles, Scarlet Fever, and Small Pox. Other causes are the abuses of cathartic medicines, and calomel; mental emotions, such as grief, terror, joy, and lastly, anything tending to congest, or irritate the stomach and bowels. Treatment.—For mere looseness of the bowels, or painless diarrhoea. Ferrum, China. Diarrhoea with colic pain. Nux Vomica, Colocynth. Diarrhoea with bilious discharges. Merc, Nux Vomica, Rhei. Diarrhoea with Lientery, (the food passing unchanged.) China. Diarrhoea with tenesmus, bearing down and straining. Belladonna. Diarrhoea with white chalky discharges. Calc - carb. Diarrhoea with mucous stools. Mercurius. Diarrhoea with watery discharges, and nausea of the stomach. Antimony. Diarrhoea from debility, China, Ferrum, and such other means as will invigorate the system. diarrhoea. 135 When caused by cold. Dulc, Nux Vomica. From eating acid fruits; or from drinking acidulated drinks. Arsenicum, Lachesis. When it occurs in marshy districts. China. When caused by the abuse of calomel. Hepar-Sulph. When caused by grief. Ignatia. When caused by chagrin or anger. Cham. Colocynth. When caused by fright. Coffea, Opium. When secondary to Measles. Pulsatilla. When secondary to Scarlet Fever. Belladonna. When secondary to Small Pox. Antimony. Diarrhoea of Consumptive and Scrofulitic persons. Calc. Ferrum. Kali-carb. When caused by teething. Chamomilla. When caused by worms; common round worm, Cina; small pin worm. Teucrium. When it occurs at night. Rhus-tox., Pho?. When it occurs during pregnancy. Nux Vomica, Phos., Sepia, Sulphur. Administration.—In this disease it is not necessary to repeat the remedies oftener than every two, four, or six hours. The drug should be carefully selected and continued until a cure is effected, or a change of symp- tom indicates another drug. After the specific drug has been used a reasonable length of time, or repeated three or four times in cases secondary to Measles, Scar- let Fever, Small Pox, etc., Sulphur must be adminis- tered occasionally ; say once or twice a day, or once in two or three days^ according to the urgency of the symp- toms, until a cure is effected. 136 homoeopathic practice of medicine. IV. DYSENTERY. The term dysentery is derived from the Greek, and literally means a difficulty in the bowels. It generally prevails during the latter part of spring, summer, and the commencement of autumn, when the days are warm and the nights cold. Sometimes it prevails in epidemic form, sweeping over an entire section of country with fearful fatality and great contagiousness; at other times sporadi- cally, when there are but a few scattering cases here and there; again, endemically, i. e., confined to a certain lo- cality, or class of persons. It is a disease characterized by a sort of catarrhal irritation in the mucous membranes of the intestines and especially of the large one (Hartman, vide his acute diseases, vol. i.); and I have observed in almost every case of any severity a congested state of the abdomen, with stricture of the left flexure of the colon. It is not an increased discharge from the bowels of their ordinary contents; there is actual constipation. The little voided is generally nothing more than mucus, or mucus streaked with blood, thrown off from the inferior flexure of the colon, and from the rectum ; and whenever the discharge makes any approach in quantity and ap- pearance to a natural stool, the patient begins to recover. As it prevailed in 1848-9, particularly throughout Dutch- ess county, it could hardly be termed dysentery in conse- quence of a complication of symptoms; the fever appeared to be a congestive remittent, and rheumatism was a prom- inent symptom in almost every case; in the language of Hartman, " a febrile catarrh or rheumatism of the large intestines." A more faithful picture, or a more minute portrayal of symptom of this disease is not to be found, than in the above author's chapter on dysenteric fevers. DYSENTERY. 137 Causes.—I am inclined to the opinion that miasmata has an agency in the production of this disease, from the fact that the first cases generally appear in rather low marshy places, and near the edge of shallow streams and mill ponds, which are readily acted upon by rains and drought; it also is " favored by errors in diet;" sup- pression of cutaneous action, derangement of the liver, the use of unripe, watery fruit, and unhealthy vegetables (such as have lain too long and have begun to decom- pose); congestion of the bowels from piles; and all causes that favor diseases incident to the summer months, tend more or less to act as exciting causes of this disease. Diagnosis.—When dysentery prevails as an epidemic, there are frequently premonitory symptoms before the disease becomes fully established; such as lassitude; a degree of dullness ; a feeling of faintness and languor ; creeping chills; some febrile heat; loss of appetite; a fullness and pressure in the epigastrium, with nausea and unpleasant taste; acute sensitiveness to atmospheric change and diarrhoea. But as the disease advances to a more full development, there is an almost constant desire to evacuate the bowels, with the voiding at each effort of a small quantity of mucus, containing little or no fecal matter. The mucus discharges vary in appearance ; are white, yellow, or green, (like the juice of grass,) and sometimes they are saneous, (i. c, consist of mere bloody water,) in small quantities, with a most offensive odor, and again they are flatulent and have the appearance of scrapings of the guts. During this time the pains are severe about the navel ; the tenesmus so great that the bowel protrudes, is swollen and covered with blood while there is a constant desire to go to stool, with the most 138 homoeopathic practice of medicine. violent straining, so that I have been obliged in many instances to take the patient by force and place him in bed. The stools, or evacuations, number from twenty to fifty and upward during the twenty-four hours ; each discharge attended with the excoriation of the anus and burning; the irritation extends to the urinary organs, producing the most distressing dysuria ; the patient be- comes emaciated, restless, and exceedingly apprehensive, and evinces strong aversion to being moved, iu conse- quence of the great soreness and rheumatic pains which not unfrequently attend this disease ; the pulse is small and quick ; thirst urgent, with a longing for acidulated drinks, and often a great desire for food. Treatment.—At the commencement of the disease when there is fever, Aconite. If there is much tenesmus, follow the Aconite with Belladonna, or giveit in alternation. When there is sickness of the stomach, with bilious vomiting; pinching pain in the abdomen. Ipecac. When the discharges are a bloody mucus, mixed with distinct particles of feculent matter ; bowels tender and somewhat distended; severe colicky pains in the vicinity of the umbilicus. Nux Vomica. When the pains are cutting before and after going to stool, and the matter evacuated same as above, or watery and bloody, with burning and excoriation of the anus. Mcrc-corr. When the discharges are mere white mucus, with spasms of the sphincter muscle, with or without chills passing over the back. Colch.-autum. When the discharges are perfectly white, attended with dysentery. 139 a burning s?nsation extending to the urinary organs, with stranguary. • Cantharides. When the evacuations are greenish yellow, wratery mucus streaked with blood, accompanied with colicky pains, which disappear after an evacuation; and no te- nesmus. Colocynth. When the matter evacuated is a yellow mucus, with tenesmus, pain in the abdomen and general soreness. Staphysagra. When the discharges are green, like the juice of grass, either thin, or of a jelly-like consistence. Chamomilla. When after an evacuation there is a feeling of empti- ness, with a pushing sensation of the abdomen toward the back ; pressing on the rectum ; burning heat; a feel- ing of relaxation and tremulous, disturbed sleep. Carbo - veg. When the pains are of a severe colicky character, and pure blood is discharged, with pressure in the perineum, the patient passing little or no urine. Plumbum. When the patient complains of creeping chills, and that rough or papular state of the skin occurs, commonly denominated goose flesh ; drawing pains in the limbs, or with swelling and redness ; and mucuous discharges from the bowels. Pulsatilla. The remedies especially noticed are the principal ones in the treatment of the disease. But there are others (enumerated by authority) deserving of notice. Such as Capsicum; indicated by a feeling of pressure (after the principal pains have been removed) in the region of the stomach and first intestine ; the pulse full and frequent 140 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. during the fore part of the night; the discharges of a frothy, greenish matter, or of little flakes of bloody mucus. Nitric acid, when there is a constant pressure in the rec- tum, without any evacuations. Rhus-tox, when there is an amelioration of the symptoms, but vestiges of them still remain; the patient recovers slowly; appears weak, and becomes more emaciated ; or when typhoid symptoms appear. Sulphur is a remedy which can scarcely be dis- pensed with, and is especially indicated by the following symptom, which may occur during any stage of the dis- ease ; the surface is rather below the natural standard, and its color not bright, but of a purplish hue; by pressing lightly on the forehead, or grasping the hand and sud- denly letting it go, the surface appears white, and the color is slow to return. One or two doses of Sulphur will gener- ally excite capillary circulation, and diffuse a moderate glow of warmth. And when the dysenteric symptoms have all been removed, and diarrhoea remains, or a dispo- sition to piles, Sulphur should be continued once or twice a day until the symptoms disappear. Tinct. Opium (Laudanum) scarcely ever fails to relieve when the tenesmus is most violent and painful, and the bearing-down sensation is as if the bowels would be pressed from the patient. If the patient is an adult, ten to twenty drops, in two table-spoonfuls of rice or starch water may be injected into the rectum,—a greater quan- tity must not be used, as it cannot be retained in conse- quence of the stricture and the conjested state of the superior curvature of the rectum. It should be remem- bered that the above is the maximum quantity for an adult, and in case of a child it must be graduated with DYSENTERY. 141 reference to the age and constitution. Simple fomenta- tions to the bowels, when there is much pain and ten- derness, are beneficial in many instances. Cloths wet in hot water, and wrung sufficiently dry to prevent soiling of the clothes, may be applied as warm as the patient can conveniently bear. Administration.—Administer the appropriate drug, and, if necessary, repeat in two, four, or six hours, until it has accomplished its object; or another drug is indi- cated by change of symptoms; it is very seldom neces- sary to repeat more frequently. Diet.—The diet should be mild ; arrow-root; plain boiled rice; simple toast; bread moistened with hot water; cocoa or chocolate; beef tea; mutton-broth, thickened with rice, boiled to a pulp, and seasoned with salt. The drinks should be crust-coffee, cocoa, chocolate, or cold water in moderate quantities. These directions, notwithstanding the urgent solicitations of the patient, should be persevered in until he is fairly recovering, when a more liberal diet may be allowed. Prognosis.—When the symptoms generally subside, and a general glow of warmth, with moisture of the sur- face, sets in, the patient is to be regarded as improving; and when the evacuation of the bowels becomes more co- pious and more natural in appearance, he may be regard- ed as out of danger. But when the hands are moist and rather shriveled, and a warm and copious perspiration 6tands in large drops on the forehead, it is a most unfa- vorable omen. I have never known one to recover where these symptoms were present notwithstanding every other symptom might be of the most favorable character. 142 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. V. DYSPEPSIA. Indigestion, or weakness of the stomach, is character- ized by a variety of symptoms : such as pain or aching in the epigastrium; a dull heavy sensation; a degree of uneasiness ; bloated, or distended state of the stomach after eating ; nausea ; acid, or bitter eructations ; flatu- lency; heart-burn; costiveness ; paleness of the counte- nance ; languor; depression of spirits; gloomy and mel- ancholy forebodings; disinclination to mental or phy- sical exertion ; palpitation of the heart; disturbed sleep; and a complete unstrung state of the nervous system. Causes.—The causes of dyspepsia are very numerous: such as irregularity and excess in diet; protracted fast- ings; the free use of highly seasoned dishes, or indigesti- ble food; the excessive and unseasonable use of stimu- lating drinks, as tea, coffee, and liquors; sedentary habits; close application to business, to the office, counting-room, or study; the im moderate use of tobacco, either in chew- ing or smoking; the deleterious effects of drugs, such as cathartic%medicines and tonic bitters; immoderate ex- ercise after a full meal (following, according to the old absurd idea of settling a dinner, when it would be much better to lounge about, or remain quiet for awhile,) and many other causes that tend to debilitate the system gen- erally, such as irregular hours and various excesses. Treatment.—It is hardly necessary to remark that before this disease can be successfully treated, the above causes should be avoided. It is also important that the cause should be properly considered, as it almost indi- cates the drug; for instance, if dyspepsia is caused by DYSPEPSIA. 143 the use of coffee, fermented or distilled liquors, ad- minister Nux Vomica, and continue it as long as costive- ness is present. When the bowels become relaxed. Chamomilla. If caused by the use of strong tea, particularly green tea. China, Thuja. If caused by tobacco. Nux Vomica, Cocculus. If caused by sedentary habits. Nux Vomica, Sulphur, Sepia. If caused by fatigue from long watching. Nux Vomica, Pulsatilla, Arnica. If caused byT excessive study. Nux Vomica, Pulsatilla, Lachesis. If caused by debilitating losses. China, Ferrum, Calc - carb. If caused by immoderate sexual indulgence. Phosphorus, Nux Vomica. If caused by drinking cold water. Arsenicum, Pulsatilla, Veratrum/ If caused by drinking milk. Bryonia, Calc, Sulphur. If caused by using acids. Nux Vomica, Sepia, Sulphur. If caused by eating meat. China, Sulphur. If caused by eating fatty substances. Pulsatilla, Carbo - veg. If caused by long use of salted provisions. Arsenicum. When caused by eating lobsters, crabs, muscles, and other shell fish. Rhus-tox. If the symptoms are aggravated after taking almost any kind of food or drink. Nux Vomica, Sulphur, Lachesis. 144 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. And there are conditions which require other drugs besides those indicated by the cause, or which should at least follow them in order; for instance, when the drug has been prescribed as directed by the cause; and the bowels remain costive, with pain in the small of the back, and headache. Nux Vomica. And when the.bowels remain in a relaxed condition, Pulsatilla; which is also especially indicated in persons of phlegmatic temperament, fair complexion, with blond hair, and light-blue eyes; and in those subject to palpi- tation. Sulphur is a good remedy in protracted cases, where there is an aversion to solid food, and a craving for acids; nausea and oppression of the chest after eating; consti- pation of the bowels, and the patient is irritable and sad. Bryonia.—In cases occurring during the summer; headache; pains in the extremities; aversion to food ; painful distension of the stomach; vomiting of food. And if the patient complains of a bruised soreness, Rhus- tox.; or it may be given in alternation with Bryonia. Carbo.-veg. — Flatulency; sour taste; eructations; tasting of the food after it has been eaten, such as risin« of a fatty substance; sickness of the stomach in the morning; pyrosis (water brash) at night; proneness to hiccough ; and offensive diarrhoea. Ipecac, or Antimony. When there is much nausea and vomiting, with a sensation of fullness in the stomach, Hepar-Sulphur is not only a good remedy, but almost the only one required in* cases caused by calomel. Aud Arnica, if it is the result of a mechanical injury. COSTIVENESS. 145 Administration.—In chronic cases, or those of long standing, the medicines ought not to- be given oftener than once a day, and in more recent cases two or three times a day is sufficient. Diet and Regimen.—As has been already directed in the treatment, strictly avoid everything that tends to act as an exciting cause ; as smoked and salted meats and fish; rich pastry; warm bread and biscuit; highly sea- soned dishes and stimulants. The diet may be both ani- mal and vegetable, and rather generous than otherwise, but unirritating and of easy digestion. Dyspeptic pa- tients should not be restricted to any particular quality of food, nor stinted in quantity. Regular exercise before n.eals (as on horseback,) traveling, change of scene, so- cial companionship, and agreeable amusements, all tend to both physical and mental invigoration. VI. CONSTIPATION. (Costiveness.) Costiveness is when the alvine excrements are not voided daily; the feces are hardened, receiving no im- pression from the rectum, and frequently produce pain and suffering. It is more generally a symptom depend- ing upon an inactive state of the liver than otherwise ; but with many is constitutional; some persons never have more than two or three evacuations during a week, and appear to enjoy health, while with others it is neces- sary to have an evacuation daily; which is considered a normal state of the bowels, in order to enjoy health. Diagnosis.—The symptoms of constipation of the bow- els are unpleasant, and sometimes highly disagreeable, such as an offensive breath ; mouth dry and tasteless; 10 146 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. tongue furred; loss of appetite; headache; flatulency and distension of the abdomen; and general nervousness, with irritability and very prone to become hypochondriacal. Causes.—A sluggish state of the liver; (for when the liver properly secretes and excretes bile, which is the natural stimulus to the intestines, they are regular;) sedentary habits; want of fresh air ; astringent medi- cines, such as opium and quinine; confinement to any particular posture; neglect of the calls of nature ; in pregnancy, pressure of the uterus on the intestines ; and the pernicious practice of taking cathartic medicines for every trifling symptom that occurs. Treatment.—For constipation depending upon in- activity of the liver; and a dull uneasy sensation in the right side; tongue furred; breath offensive; skin sallow. Mercurius and Nux Vomica. When the bowels are constipated ; abdomen distended and tender; loss of appetite and nausea; and especially if troubled with piles. Nux Vomica. For constipation occurring in summer; disposition to feel chilly; congestion of blood to the head; headache; irritability and vehemence; and particularly for those liable to rheumatism. Bryonia. When there is a beating and sensation of heaviness in the abdomen; dry mouth; loss of appetite; red face; headache and occasional drowsiness. Opium. When the constipation is obstinate, with a pressing sensation in the stomach, and ineffectual attempts to eructate. Lachesis. When the stool voided is hard, undigested, discharge COSTIVENESS. 147 of blood ; and when the varices of the rectum are dis- tended, attended with an uneasy, pressing sensation in the rectum. Calc-carb. Constipation of old persons, or when it alternates wdth diarrhoea. Opium, Phos., Antimony. Constipation of drunkards. Calc-carb., Lach., Nux Vomica. Constipation of infants at the breast. Bryonia, Nux Vomica, Allum. Constipation during pregnancy. Nux Vomica, Opium, Sepia. Constipation from the abuse of cathartic medicines. Lachesis, Ruta, Nux Vomica. Constipation from white lead. Opium, Platina. Sulphur is also an excellent remedy in constipation, when the stool is hard, difficult; insufficient and frequent unsuccessful desire, with great pressure on the rectum. There are other valuable remedies too numerous to particularize here, and should a case occur with conditions different from those named, consult the materia medica. Administration.—It is seldom necessary to repeat the remedies oftener than once a day, or than two or three times a week. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should have reference to the end to be accomplished, viz.: relaxing, ripe anc moderately acid fruits, roasted apples, stewed prunes, etc., are admissible. Vigorous exercise in the pure air; if the condition of the patient will admit of it, riding on horseback. 148 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. III. COLIC A. (Colic) The term Colic,\$ (from the Greek word Colon, the name of one of the intestines.) This term is indiscriminately applied to almost every pain in the abdomen. According to its different causes and circumstances, Colic is.various- ly denominated. When the pain is severe, the constipa- tion obstinate, and the vomiting bilious, it is termed Bil- ious Colic When the abdomen is distended, the pain caused by pent-up wind, (flatus,) and relieved by discharge, it is termed Flatulent Colic. When the disease becomes violent, attended with obstinate constipation and a vom- iting of feces, it is called passio iliaca, (the iliac passion,) or twisting of the intestines. There is also the Spasmodic Colic, and the Painters' Colic, (Colica pictonum.) This disease is always attended with more or less dan- ger, in proportion to the violence of the symptoms and duration of the attack. Diagnosis.—It may be distinguished from Inflamma- tion of the bowels or Peritonitis, as follows:—In the former, the pain comes in paroxysms, and is generally relieved by pressure on the abdomen, or by tying some- thing tight around the body; whereas in the latter, pressure aggravates the suffering; in the former, the pulse also is not materially affected, but in the latter it is tense and quick ; in Colic, the pain is wringing, twist- ing, and griping; in Peritonitis it is either obtuse, steady or burning. The above characteristics likewise distin- guish Colic from Gravel and Rheumatism. Causes.—A weak and irritable state of the digestive organs predisposes to flatulent Colic, and where this COLIC. 149 predisposition exists, indigestible food most always pro- duces more or less suffering from Colic pains. Crude vegetables, cucumbers, celery, unripe and sour fruit, warm bread, biscuits, sponge cake, and pies, are among the most common causes of this disease. It is also pro- duced by the same causes that give rise to autumnal bilious fever, and bilious diarrhaea; redundant, or acrid bile ; worms ; mental emotions ; and working in lead, and over smelting furnaces. Treatment. —In bilious Colic, with severe cutting pain, eructations, and a desire to vomit; distension of the ab- domen. Nux Vomica. When there is a constrictive feeling in the upper part of the abdomen, returning at short intervals, and passing into sharp griping; or a feeling in the entire abdomen, as if squeezed between stones. Colocynth. When there is a continual lacerating pain in the side of the abdomen ; or a compressive pain ; or drawing pain ; or the pain appears spasmodic. Chamomilla. When there is a painful writhing or twisting about the umbilicus; pain in the abdomen with anguish; severe Colic in the forenoon, or spasms in the abdomen, after dinner. Bryonia. When the pain is pressing, lacerating, or griping, and relieved by rest, or aggravated by motion. Pulsatilla. When the Colic occurs after a cold ; cramping pain ; flatulence on the left side; abdomen distended; pain comes on in short paroxysms. Carbo-veg. When the pain in the epigastrium is compressive, and pinching almost arrests breathing; lacerating ; qualm- ishness. Cocculus. 150 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. For Painters' Colic, (colica pictonum.) Opium, Platina. For Colic caused by piles. Nux Vomica, Pulsatilla, Sulphur. For Colic from worms. Merc, Cina., Sulph. For Colic from indigestion. Pulsatilla, China, Carbo.-veg. For menstrual Colic. Secale. For Colic from exposure to cold or wet weather. Pulsatilla, Dulc. For Colic during pregnancy. Nux Vomica, Cham. For Colic after delivery. Arnica, Bryonia. Administration.—It is sometimes necessary, when the pain is severe, and the patient suffers much, to repeat the remedies as often as every fifteen or twenty minutes, and at longer intervals as relief is obtained. In all cases when obstinate constipation is a prominent symptom, in- jections of warm milk and water, or of flax-seed tea, should be employed, and continued until an evacuation is procured. Diet and Regimen.—If the patient desires food of any kind, which is seldom the case during an attack, it should be mild, unirritating, and warm. The drinks should be tolerably hot: cracker, or toast water, black tea, cocoa, or chocolate. Cold liquids, particulary in flatulent Colic, should not be indulged in, because they invariably in- crease the suffering. On recovery, observe the greatest care in avoiding all indigestible meats, fruits, etc., and refrain from over exertion of every kind, as the disease is very prone to return. ICTERUS. 151 VIII. ICTERUS. (Jaundice.) Icterus, (named from its likeness to the golden thrush.) It is a disease characterized by yellowness of the skin and eyes; clay-colored faeces; highly-colored urine, which gives a saffron-colored stain to linen; loss of appetite ; general languor; disinclination to physical and mental exertion; inactivity of the bowels; and a dull pain or uneasiness in the right hypochondrium. Causes.—The causes of Jaundice are almost enume- rated in the varieties of Cullen, calculous in the excretory ducts of the liver or spasms; induration or organic disease; pregnancy; cold, damp, or humid atmospheres; the too free use of quinine and arsenic in intermittent fevers ; the abuse of intoxicating drinks, together with all other causes capable of interrupting the regular secretion of the liver, and a corresponding excretion of bile. Treatment.—When there is acute pain in the region of the liver, pulse rather full, and other symptoms of inflammatory or febrile action, Aconite. When the face is yellow, there is yellowness around the nose and mouth ; the patient complains of a sour or putrid taste, and an aversion to food; pressure, contrac- tion, or tensive pain in the region of the liver; bowels constipated, urine high-colored, and great disposition to drowsiness ; Nux Vomica. When, in addition to the above symptoms, the tongue is foul and slimy ; Mercurius. When there is a shuddering and feeling of chilliness; drowsiness during the day, and restlessness at night; pain in the region of the liver, particularly of a sticking char- acter ; bowels constipated, complexion yellow, and a dis- position to vomit; Pulsatilla. 152 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When there is that peculiar grey, yellow appearance of the face; pressure in the region of the stomach and liver ; or a bruised feeling of the latter organ ; constipa- tion and flatulence; Carbo-vcgctabilis. When the yellowness is not general but more in spots ; loss of appetite with increased thirst; disposition to vo- mit, and sensitiveness in the region of the stomach, and an aggravation of the symptoms by mental exertion; Colchicum. When the attack is produced by every trifling occa- sion ; Lachesis and Sulphur in alternation. When caused by a fit of passion ; Cham., Nux Vom. If caused by Mercury ; Hepar-Sulph., China. If caused by Quinine ; Arsenicum Pulsatilla. If caused by intemperance ; Nux Vomica, Lachesis. If caused by Fowler's Solution, (Ague Drops;) China, Pulsatilla, Ferrum. In ordinary cases of Jaundice, with no special com- plaining; skin and eyes yellow ; Rheum Saffron. If, in addition to the above, the bowels are constipated ; Nux Vomica. Administration.—Administer the remedy selected every three or four hours, until there is a manifest im- provement, then extend the time to six or eight hours ; in chronic cases, repeating the drug every twelve or twenty-four hours is sufficiently often. Dtet and Regimen.—It is important that patients la- boring under this disease should avoid cold, and every other means calculated to interfere with a free exhila- tion from the skin, avoiding cold, damp, humid atmo- spheres, and insufficient clothing. The diet should be light, and of easy digestion. biliousness. 153 XXVII. BILIOUSNESS. The above term is very generally made use of, to ex- press diseases and conditions arising from a derangement of the liver and biliary organs, and applied to colic, di- arrhoeas, fevers, etc. But we are very frequently called upon to prescribe for a biliary derangement, producing head-ache, nausea, loss of appetite, languor, disinclina- tion to physical or mental exertion, and other associate symptoms, independent of the diseases above named. Treatment.—The principle remedies in biliary de- rangements are Nux Vomica, Mercurius, Pulsatilla, China, Carbo-veg, Colchicum, Lachesis, Arsenicum, Chamomilla, Rheum, Saffron. Nux Vomica.—When there is head-ache, yellow ap- pearance around the nose and mouth, tongue coated with a yellowish fur, putrid taste, occasional nausea, pressure in the pit of the stomach, uneasiness in the re- gion of the liver, bowels constipated, and a melancholic state of the mind. Mercurius.—:Sluggishness with an inclination to sleep during the day, pain, or heat and burning in the head; face appears yellow and scurfy, loss of appetite, disa- greeable taste, tongue foul; and bowels irregular, chang- ing from constipation to diarrhoea, and vice versa. Pulsatilla.—Yellow complexion, tongue covered with a yellow mucus, bilious bitter taste, loss of appetite, sour eructations and a disposition to vomit, irregular ac- tion of the bowels, severe head-ache, anxious or gloomy state of mind. 154 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. China.—Mental and physical languor; general cold- ness and sensitiveness to cold air, sleepy, confused state of the mind; head-ache, or heaviness in the head ; flat, or bitter taste, thirst and pain in the region of the liver. Carbo-veg.—A bruised feeling in the region of the liver, constipated and flatulent state of the bowels, and high colored urine. Colchicum.—When the yellowness of the skin is in spots; loss of appetite and sleepless at night. Lachesis.—Yellow complexion, heaviness of the head, loss of appetite, burning sensation in the mouth, nausea, and colic pains. Arsenicum.—Sickly appearance, head-ache, loss of ap- petite, nausea, chilly shuddering feeling, pain in the bowels, and frequent desire to urinate. Chamomilla.—Shuddering in the open air, dull, oppres- sive head-ache, bitter taste, nausea and uneasiness in the pit of the stomach. Rheum and Saffron,—When there is a general yellow- ness of the skin, loss of appetite, and bowels inclined to diarrhoea. For a mere biliary derangement, attended with lan- guor, heaviness of the head, yellow skin, etc. Nux- Vom., Pulsatilla, and Mercurius in alternation ; if the bowels are constipated, the Mercurius in the morning, and the Nux-Vom., at night. If the bowels are not constipated, use the Pulsatilla and Mercurius as above. Administration.—Give the remedy selected, morning COLDS. 155 and evening, until the object is accomplished for which they were administered, or another remedy is indicated. Diet and Regimen.—The diet must be light, unirri- tating and of easy digestion, as dyspeptic symptoms are very prone to set in upon even quite slight bilious de- rangements. XXVIII. COLDS. Cold, together with sudden transitions of temperature, are among the most prominent causes of inflammatory and acute diseases which are described and treated under their appropriate names. But there are so many minor symptoms caused by slight exposures to cold, and em- braced within the common saying of (taking cold,) that reference to such symptoms, appears necessary for the lay portion of our ho nceopathic friends. Treatment.—For a cold affecting the head, if attend- ed with fever, give Aconite. If it produces a stoppage of the nose with irritation, Nux-Vomica, Dulc. If it produces (a fluent corryza) running at the nose, Lachesis, Sulph. If it produces severe head-ache, Aconite, Bell., Bryonia, Pulsatilla. If it produces head-ache with soreness of the scalp, Nux-Vomica, Merc. For sore throat attended with inflammation, or fever, Aconite, Belladonna. For sore throat and swelling of the tonsils. Belladonna. 156 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. For sore throat attended with difficulty in swallow- ing. Bell., Nux-Vom. For sore throat attended with difficulty in swallowing, and pain extending to the ear. Bell., Merc, Lachesis. For swelling of the tonsils and a disposition to sup- purate. Belladonna, Hepar-sulph. For pains in the back caused by cold. Nux-Vomica, Dulc, Bryonia. For pains of a drawing character in the back, extend- ing to between the shoulders and posterior part of the neck. Dulcamara, Bryonia. For pains in the limbs, severe aching and drawing pains. Nux-Vom., Brxjonia, Rhus. If worse at night. Aconite, Rhus-tox., Bryonia, Colchi., Belladonna, Lachesis, Carbo-veg. If increased by motion. Bryonia, Arnica, Cocculus, Conium, Mezereum. If increased by rest. Aconite, Agaricus, Drosera, Dulcamara. For a suppression of the menses from cold. Pulsatilla, Sulph. For suppressed perspiration from cold. Bryo., Ipecac, Arsen., Carbo-veg. For affections of the stomach from iced fruits, acids, etc. Arsen., Puis. For the effects from cold by getting wet. Dulc, Bella., Pulsatilla. / colds. 157 By the head getting wet. Aconite, Baryta, Bella., Pulsatilla. By wet feet. Cuprum, Nitric-acid, Pulsatilla, Sepia, Rhus. For great sensitiveness to draughts of air. Aconite, Ana car., Cham. For sensitiveness to night air. Amm., Carbo-veg., Merc, Sulphur. To changes of weather from cold to warm. Carbo-veg., Lachesis, Sulphur. From warm to cold. Dulcamara, Mercurius, Rhus-tox, or Verat. For colds, occurring during the Spring. Carbo-veg., Lachesis, Rhus-tox., Verat. In the Summer. Bell., Bryonia, Carbo-veg. Dulcamara. In Autumn. Dulcamara, Bryonica, Mercurius, Rhus-tox., Verat., China. In Winter. Aconite, Bella., Bryo., Dulcam., Nux-vom. In dry cold weather. Aconite, Belladonna, Bryonia, Ipecac, Nux-vom. In wet and cold weather. Dulcamara, Rhus-tox., Rhodo, Veratrum. Administration.—Give the remedy selected, every two, three, or four hours, as may be necessary, judging from the severity of the symptoms, and the relief obtained; and when there are two or more remedies named, give them in the order they are arranged. The first will generally 158 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. cure, but if it does not, give the next in order, so continue until a full and complete relief is obtained. Diet and Regimen.—Let the diet and regimen be in strict accordance with Homoeopathic rules when taking medicines. The old idea of " feeding a cold and starving a fever," is too absurd to be tolerated by Homoeopathists. XXIX. FISTULA IN ANO. By the term Fistula in Surgery, we understand a nar- row orifice, which runs deep, is callous and not disposed to heal. The name is more strictly taken from the simili- tude, which the long cavity of the ulcer has, (being tube like,) tothatofapipe or reed. But by the common accepta- tion of the term, Fistula in Ano, we understand, an open- ing, or orifice from a cavity, abscess, or a local inflamma- tion in the vicinity of the rectum; discharging pus, or thin gleety discolored matter, "and not disposed to heal." Diagnosis.—Fistula in Ano, presents itself in different forms, sometimes there are many locaj and constitutional s}^mptoms; such as severe pain, swelling and uneasi- ness in the immediate vicinity of the disease ; fever, thirst, and general restlessness; or it may appear as a simple induration of the skin, near the verge of the anus, without pain, or even change of color, the hardness becoming more soft and suppurate. The matter in such a case is gener- ally small in quantity and rather healthy appearing. And again, it not unfrequently happens, that when the pain is but trifling and the inflammation mild, that the dis- charge is not only copious, but of bad quality, offensive and proceeds from a deep crude hollow. fistula in ano. 159 The points where these abscesses burst, or open, are various and uncertain: sometimes in the buttock, at others near the verge of the anus, or in the perinaeum ; in some cases there is not only an external opening, but another through the intestine, communicating with the cavity; in this there is but one orifice, and that external or internal. Causes.—The causes of the disease under considera- tion, are cold, obstinate constipation, piles, local irrita- tion from worms, drastic medicines, mechanical injuries, etc. I have known three or four cases produced by the use of syringes in the hands of incompetent persons. Treatment.—I will here remark, that the very formal distinction generally made between these cases in which the intestine is pierced, and those in which it is not, and whether there is callosity, or some other morbid change of the part, formerly indicated the use of cutting instruments, or an appeal to caustic, and in the language of one of their ablest "very terrible work they often made;" but now such conditions are only regarded as prominent in forming the group of symptoms which direct the remedy to effect a radical cure; the principal remedies for which, are, Rhus- tox., Rhus-rad., Causticum, Kali-carb, Lachesis, Lycopodium, Sepia, Sulphur, Calcarea-carb, SUicea, and Carbo-veg. Rhus-tox.—When there is a creeping sensation in the rectum, as from worms, or an itching pain in the anus, as if caused by piles. Rhus-rad.—When there is burning after an evacuation, pressing down atrthe anus, dull aching in the rectum, and "an intolerable itching and burning." 160 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Causticum.—When there is an excessive itching of the anus olay and night, and more especially if the Fistula is of the rectum. Kali-carb.— When there appears to be an inactivity of the rectum, white mucus discharged before and during a stool. Itching of the anus, and especially if there are varices, or swelling about the anus of a painful character. Lachesis.—When attended with a discharge of blood and pus from the anus, and the sphincter muscle appears constricted. Lycopodium.—When attended with cutting pain in the rectum and bladder, tension of the anus, and an itching eruption painful to the touch, or when the fistulous open- ing is surrounded with everted, red, and shining edges. Sepia.—Contractive pain in the rectum and burning during the day; itching and stinging; oozing of moisture, or a discharge of mucus from the anus. Sulphur.—If attended with violent stitches in the rec- tum, particularly in the evening, or a creeping and biting in the rectum, as from worms. SUicea.—When there is a constant discharge of pus, and when the symptoms are more troublesome on or about the new moon. Calcarca-carb.—When the fistulous opening is sur- rounded with redness, swelling and hardness of the sur- rounding parts. Carbo-veg.—When the ulcer breaks out again after hav- ing been healed, and emits a bloody lymph instead of pus. Administration.—It will not be necessary to repeat SALT RHEUM. 161 the remedy selected, oftener than once or twice during the twenty-four hours, and generally every second day is suf- ficient, as the disease is of a chronic character and the symptoms more annoying than actually dangerous. Diet and Regimen.—In accordance with homoeopathic rules and the condition of the patient. If the bowels are inclined to be constipated, the diet ought to be rather relaxing than otherwise, but if there is a disposition to to diarrhoea and debility, the food should be nutritious and bracing. 11 162 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. VIII. NAUSEA. (Sickness of the Stomach.) Nausea, (from a Greek word, signifying a ship, "be- cause it is a sensation similar to that which people expe- rience upon sailing in a ship." By the term nausea is generally understood a sickness of the stomach, with an inclination to vomit. It may arise from a variety of causes ; a foul, irritable condition of the stomach; aversion to food from loss of appetite; debility; overloading of the stomach; verminous irrita- tion ; pregnancy ; and disgusting spectacles. Treatment.—Thejemedies most useful in nausea, or nausea and vomiting, are Aconite, Bell., Cocculus, Arsen., Ipecac, Nux-vom., Bryonia, Cham., Cuprum, Antimony, Secale, Conium, Sepia, Rhus, Carbo.-veg., Petroleum, and Veratrum. Aconite and Belladonna.—Nausea, attended with tight- ness, pressure and fullness in the stomach; heat in the stomach; determination to the head and vertigo. Cocculus. Paroxysms of nausea, with a tendency to faint, or attended with constrictive spasmodic pain in the stomach. Arsenicum. Nausea, occasioned by a feeling of faint- ness; nausea while in the open air; debility ; excessive thirst; and vomiting of a dark appearing matter. Ipecac. Nausea with empty eructations, and an accu- mulation of saliva. Nux- Vomica. Nausea in the morning, or after a meal; sour or bitter eructations; pressure in the pit of the stomach and constipation. NAUSEA. 163 Bryonia.—Nausea upon motion and exercise ; or nau- sea and vomiting immediately after drinking; pressure in the stomach. Cham.—Nausea and sore vomiting; painful bloated- ness of the epigastrium. Cuprum.—Nausea and vomiting, attended with severe colic pressure in the pit of the stomach. Antimony.—Nausea and vomiting from over-loading the stomach; or nausea attended with perspiration and faintness. Secale.—Nausea, and vomiting of crude bilious matter or black bile. Conium.—Frequent eructations ; nausea and vomiting during pregnancy ; spasms of the stomach. Sepia.—Nausea ; water-brash ; morning nausea before breakfast, especially in pregnancy. Rhus-tox.—Nausea, with pressure in the pit of the stomach as if it were swelling ; throbbing in the region of the stomach ; a sensation as from ulceration. Carbo-veg.—Continual nausea; loss of appetite ; eruc- tations preceded by a pinching pain in the abdomen. Petroleum.—Nausea, attended with water-brash ; sick- ness of the stomach when riding in a carriage ; feeling of fullness in the stomach. Veratrum.—Nausea and vomiting of dark green or black mucus; unconquerable thirst; violent pressure in the stomach and painful sensitiveness. For vomiting of drunkards, Nux Vomica, Lachesis, Arsenicum. 164 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. For vomiting or nausea, caused by riding in a carriage or sailing. Arsen., Petroleum, Cocculus. For nausea and vomiting, occasioned by over-loading the stomach. Ipecac, Pulsatilla, Bryonia, Nux Vomica. For nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Nux Vomica, Sepia, Ipecac, Pulsatilla, Phosphorus. For nausea and vomiting, which becomes worse after eating. Arsen-Ferrum, Nux Vomica, Sulph. When worse after drinking. Arsen., China, Cham., Nux Vomica, Silex. When caused by a fall or blow. Arnica. Administration.—Give the remedy selected (in severe cases) every fifteen or twenty minutes until relieved ; for chronic nausea the remedies need not be repeated oftener than two or three times a day. Diet.—The food should be of the most unirritating kind, and of easy digestion. IX. ANOREXIA. (Want of Appetite.) Anorexia, (from the Greek, signifying appetite.) A loss of appetite is not very common among those in the ordin- ary enjoyment of health. It is generally symptomatic of gastric and other difficulties; but sometimes is to be regarded as the prominent symptom in point of treat- ment. Treatment.—For loss of appetite; indifference to food ; flat, watery, or bitter taste. China. ANOREXIA. 165 If attended with almost constant nausea. Antimony-crud. If attended with a sweet, insipid taste, and nausea. Ipecac. If attended with a putrid taste, and a desire for acid drinks. Bryonia. If there is great repugnance to animal food and broth, with a bitter taste and foul fetid eructations. Arnica. If attended with nausea, uneasiness and anguish; great aversion to milk, and warm food. Ignatia. If attended with a salt or metallic taste; pressure in the stomach ; gulping up of sour water after eating; nausea and vomiting of green matter. Lachesis. Putrid, bitter, bad taste; sour eructations and frequent hiccough; pressure, tension and cramp-like pains in the stomach ; bowels constipated, Nux Vomica. Loss of appetite; putrid, slimy taste ; sensation as if the throat were narrowed ; pressure and tension when swallowing; pressure in the pit of the stomach, with hiccough and nausea. Pulsatilla. For complete loss of appetite; bitter taste and dry- ness of the throat. Rhus-tox. For loss of appetite, with putrid or sour taste and constant thirst. Sulphur. Administration.—Repeat the remedy three times a day half an hour before meals. Diet.—Should be compatible with the remedies em- ployed. 166 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. X. BULIMIA ADEPHAGIA. (A voracious appetite.) Bulimia, (from the two Greek words for excess and hunger,) insatiable hunger or canine appetite. Although extraordinary cases of this disease are recorded in some of our medical journals, as for instance, the eating of raw beef, pork, and even candles, I have never seen any other form of voracious appetite that demanded attention, excepting that which occurs in worm affections, in con- valescence from severe diseases, (typhoid and other fevers,) and during pregnancy. Treatment.—For excessive hunger, particularly at night; "yearning for dainties;" great thirst, drinking but little at a time, with a desire for wine and sour drinks. China. For voracious appetite, attended with nausea after eating, or colic and diarrhoea. Colocynthis. For voracious, rabid hunger, from a qualmish feeling of emptiness ; weakness of digestion, and frequent eruc- tations. Natrum-muriaticum, Carbon, Nux Vomica. For great appetite, with increased thirst. Stramonium and Sulphur. For an insatiable appetite, extreme hunger when the stomach is full. Staphysagria. For canine hunger (Bulimia Canina), Conium, Graph, Iodine, Lycopodium, Nit.-acid, Petroleum, Phosphorus, Sc- cole, Sepia*, Veratrum, vide the following indications :— Conium.—Canine hunger without relish. Graphites.—If after eating, with nausea and vertigo. worms. 107 Iodine.—Alternate canine hunger, and loss of appetite. Lycopodium.—With great desire for sweet things. Nit.-acid.—If with an inclination for earthy substances, Buch as chalk, lime, etc. Petroleum.—If the hunger causes nausea. Spigelia.—For canine hunger, causing thirst. Phosphorus.—Insatiable craving after a full meal; irre- sistible sleep after dinner. Secale.—With weakness of mind, and diarrhoea with prostration. Sepia.—If attended with a painful feeling of hunger in the stomach. Veratrum.—If attended with unquenchable thirst for cold drinks; the tongue dry, and blackish or yellow- coated. When it is caused by worms; the common round worm (Ascaris lumbricoides), give Cina first, and follow with the next drug indicated. For the Tape-worm (Tania lata), give Mercur., Graph., Stannum. Administration.—Repeat the drugs three times a day. Diet.—The diet should be of a nutritious quality, of easy digestion, and restricted to a proper allowance. XI. HELMINTHIA. (Worms.) The origin of intestinal worms is truly veiled in obscu- rity, and, as has been said, "in whatever light this in- teresting subject is examined, insuperable difficulties pre- 168 HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. sent themselves to the mind." Some maintain that they are developed from ovula received into the stomach and bowels, along with the food and drink: while others assert that they are the result of "spontaneous generation." Kerkrin chi, or by swelling of the membranes, DryjMucous, ) or by pressure upon them. at %t.M $ produced by a bubbling \ liquid in the jM.oistrivxucou.Sj \ » . . tii i« ( passage ot air through ) bronchi. Sub-mucous, . . liquid in the finer bronchi. Sub-crepitant, . . liquid in the smallest bronchi. p . , ^ viscid liquid in compressed I smallest bronchi. Cavernous, . . liquid in a morbid cavity. Sounds of the Voice transmitted through the Chest. Natural sounds, such as are heard in a healthy chest. Tracheophony ; in the neck and at the top of the sternum. Broncophony ; near the top of the sternum, between the scapulae, in the axillae, etc. Pectoral voice sound ; in many parts of the chest. Morbid sounds transmitted or produced by a diseased Chest. Broncophony; the sound transmitted by condensed pulmonary tissue. AUSCULTATION. 251 JEgophony ; the same vibrating through a thin layer of liquid. Pectoriloquy ; resounding in a cavity in the lung. Tinkling ; a changed echo of the voice or cough in a large cavity. Sounds produced by the motion of the Lungs. Sounds of friction, when the pleurae are dry, or rough from deposits. Emphysematous crackling, by the irregular passage of air between the lobules. CHAPTER IX. HYDROPS. {Dropsy.) Hydrops, (from the Greek, meaning water.) A prefer- natural collection of serous or watery fluid in the cellular substance, or different cavities of the body. It receives different appellations according to the particular situation of the fluid. (Hooper.) When it is generally diffused through the cellular struc- ture, it is termed anasarca; when deposited in the cavity of the cranium, (skull,) it is termed hydrocephalus; in the chest, hydrothorax, or hydrops pectoris; in the abdomen, ascites; in the uterus, hydrometra; in the scrotum, hydro- cele; in the ovaries, hydrops ovarii ; in the joint, hydrops articuli ; and in the knee, hydrops genu. General Diagnosis.—In addition to a preternatural distension or enlargement of a part, there is almost univer- sally a dry and harsh state of the skin (in consequence of ( a diminished cuticular exhalation); impaired appetite and increased thirst ; and a small, irritable pulse ; the bowels are inactive ; the urine is scanty and high-colored, and generally contains serum, which is considered by Dr. Eberle as a pyrexometer in dropsical affections. The fallibility of which must have been observed by every practitioner of any note, especially in cases ab inanitione, caused by excessive haemorrhages, or a tedious and lingering illness, and in that enfeebled state during a tardy convalescence, HYDROCEPHALUS. 253 when the fluids are not held in proper equilibrium, and are acted upon by gravitation, producing anasarca of the infe- rior extremities. Causes.—The causes of dropsy are rather numerous ; such as cold acting upon the surface, producing a con- stringed state of the cutaneous exhalents, and thereby congesting the internal organs, particularly the kidneys ; excessive haemorrhages ; mechanical obstructions to the free return of the blood to the heart, and also obstructions of the excretory ducts ; inflammation of particular organs; suppressed perspiration and habitual discharges ; repelled eruptions ; debility from chronic diseases ; scirrhus of the liver; the continued use of arsenic in intermittent fevers;* and the intemperate use of intoxicating liquors; it is also frequently secondary to eruptive diseases, such as Measles and Scarlet Fever. I. HYDROCEPHALUS. (Dropsy of the Brain.) Hydrocephalus, (from the Greek words for water and head.) Dropsy of the brain. Diagnosis.—This disease in general commences rather gradually, particularly in children ; the little patient is restless, wakeful and irritable ; and during the early or irritative stage evinces a repugnance to light; the pupils of the eyes are contracted, attended with a frequent knitting together of the brow ; sudden starting in sleep, and waking with a scream or fright; accelerated pulse and increased heat in the head. These symptoms may continue for a few days, or even weeks, before we have a * I have seen several cases of dropsy caused by the continued use of Fowler's solution (arsenite of potas.) in intermittent fevers. 254 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. full development of the disease, which is marked with more decided inflammatory symptoms ; such as pain in the head ; eyes injected ; face flushed ; pulse rather tense; increased heat of the skin ; intolerance of light and sound; and the little sufferer frequently places his hands on his forehead, thereby evincing the distress in his head. At this stage of the disease the stomach frequently becomes very irritable, attended with a distressing retch- ing and vomiting ; and during sleep there is constant tossing about and moaning. As the disease advances there is an occasional rolling of the head on the pillow, and a disposition to Coma; the heat diminishes ; pulse becomes small and not so frequent; the pupils of the eyes from being contracted now become dilated ; drowsiness increases until a full coma supervenes. Paralysis, par- ticularly of one side, often occurs, which is manifested by a tremulous motion of the arm, with the hand or fingers contracted, and frequently by a squinting of the eyes. At this stage of the disease the inflammation is in that passive state that terminates in effusion. It is quite common for the sight and hearing to be entirely gone, and the little patient readily nurses when the lips are brought in con- tact with the milky fount; one arm is kept almost con- stantly in motion, and in the latter stages of the disease convulsions are seldom absent. Causes.—There appears, in many instances, to be a constitutional predisposition to this disease. Dr. Eberle says that he has known families, of which nearly all of the children died from it during the period of teething ; and I knew the same to exist in a very respectable Scotch family; the only surviving son had frequent attacks until he had passed through the period of puberty. HYDROCEPHALUS. 255 Blows, falls, and other injuries of the head, producing more or less concussion, are to be classed among the exciting causes, together with suppressed evacuations. Metastasis, from dental, gastric, and intestinal irritation. Unquestionably the most common cause of this disease among children is the combined influence of dental irrita- tion, with irritation of the stomach and bowels, which, at least, suggests the propriety of practising the greatest care in not over-taxing the digestive organs during dif- ficult dentition. Treatment.—At the commencement, or during the in- flammatory stage of the disease, when the pulse is full or tense; skin hot and dry; face flushed ; and pain in the head. Aconite. When the face is flushed ; eyes injected ; rolling of the head on the pillow; frequent starting during sleep ; or sudden waking, with a scream, or appearance of fright. Belladonna. Belladonna is also most especially indicated by a cold- ness of the hands and feet ; convulsive twitches threat- ning spasms ; dilation of the pupils ; and also when the disease attacks a person of phlegmatic temperament, or one who inclines to scrofula. When signs of effusion are manifest, such as a dark flush of the face inclining to a mahogany color ; dry lips ; tongue coated with a dark yellowish fur ; constipation and swelling of the abdomen; scanty urine ; anxious and hurried respiration ; difficult deglutition ; and a hot and dry skin. Bryonia. When the patient appears agitated, and the face is flushed ; strabismus ; haggard and staring look ; convul- sions and involuntary twitchings of the muscles ; occasional 256 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. groaning and crying ; the head and body inclining back wards. Nux- Vomica. When there is rigidity of the body or an almost con- tinual motion of the limbs ; the patient inclines to a stupor ; pulse rather full; somnolent eyes ; face swollen and turgid ; profuse involuntary discharges of urine. Stramonium. When the face is pale and swollen, constant rolling of the head from side to side ; spasmodic rigidity of the limbs ; convulsion's ; and the pulse small and frequent. Apis Mel in alternation with Helleborus. When there is frequent retching and vomiting ; face pale ; blue margins around the eyes, with their vessels injected ; difficult breathing, with rattling of mucus in the throat. Tart.-emetic And it is more especially indicated when there is meteorismous of the bowels, and a tendency to colliqua- tive diarrhoea, which frequently occur in an advanced stage of this disease. When, in addition to the nausea and vomiting, there is dilitation and insensibility of the pupils ; difficult and slow breathing. Apocynum, Digitalis. And it is particularly indicated when the attack occurs in an infant; pale face ; blue lips and eyelids ; and with full pulsation and throbbing of the fontanelle, which appear pressed out, full and distended. There are other remedies that may be employed, which deserve our attention, in this disease ; such as, Arnica, Mercurius, Veratrum, Phosphorus, and Chamomilla. Arnica.—When there is heat in the head, with the rest of the body cold ; severe head-ache, with dullness of one HYDROCEPHALUS. 257 side of the head ; and it is especially indicated when the disease is caused by a blow or fall. Mercurius.—Doughy, clay-colored face ; fetid or disa- greeable breath ; apthae or tongue coated ; and an accu- mulation of saliva in the mouth. Veratrum.—Coldness of the whole body ; pale, disfi- gured face ; sunken cheeks, or a circumscribed flush on one cheek with paleness of the other ; cold sweat on the fore- head ; emaciation and great debility. Phosphorus.—When the disease occurs in a debilitated and worn out consitution, and especially when it depends upon metastasis. Chamomilla.—When the disease is caused by teething. I have seen it act like a charm, when given in alternation with Aconite, during the incipiency of this disease, when it was caused by dental irritation. Administration.—During the inflammatory or incipient stage, give the Aconite every three or four hours ; or if Belladonna is also indicated, give it in alternation with the Aconite, every two or three hours until the inflamma- tory or irritative symptoms subside. Should the disease progress and evince decided symptoms of effusion, give the remedy indicated every three or four hours until there is an amelioration, or another drug is indicated ; as the patient improves, extend the time to six or eight hours. When the head is hot, cold applications are not only admissible but of great service, as is also warmth to the inferior extremities when they are cold ; but if there is anything like perspiration cold applications to the head are prejudicial, and ought to be strictly avoided. 17 258 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. IL HYDROTHORAX. (Hydrops pectoris.) (Dropsy of the Chest.) Hydrothorax. (from the Greek words for water and the chest) Dropsy of the chest is characterized by diffi- culty of breathing, particularly when in a horizontal posture; sudden startings from sleep ; anxiety ; palpita- tion of the heart; cough and a fluctuation of water in the chest. Diagnosis.—The symptoms in this affection are not as distinct in its incipiency as those of dropsy of the brain ; it may take place to some considerable extent before we are warned of the true condition, by well defined diag- nostic characteristics. As the disease advances they not only become distress- ing but very alarming ; at first there is a degree of weak- ness at the inferior portion of the sternum, (breast bone,) accompanied by oppression of the chest, a degree of con- striction and difficulty of breathing, aggravated by the least exertion, especially on ascending the stairs. When recumbent the patient is obliged to have his head and chest elevated by means of pillows, to enable him to breathe ; his sleep is interrupted by frequent startings, and a sense of impending suffocation ; thirst is urgent ; pulse irregular ; urine scanty and high-colored ; and there is anasarcous swelling of the feet and legs. There is most generally a cough which is at first dry, but after a time is attended with a thin watery expectora- tion ; the face is pale and expressive of suffering ; as the disease advances, the accumulation of water in the chest becomes so great as to prevent the patient from lying down, and he is able to obtain a little but very disturbed HYDROTHORAX. 259 sleep in a sitting posture ; at this stage the extremities are generally cold and inclined to numbness Causes.—Hydrothorax may occur as an idiopathic affection, and may not depend upon previous organic dis- ease ; but in the language of Eberle, it " is very rare." Disease of the heart, liver, spleen and kidneys, chronic inflammation of the pleura (the lining membrane of the chest;) haemorrhages ; " suppressed perspiration from cold, particularly after scarlatina ;" the abuse of mercury, and the long continued use of arsenic ; debility from pro- tracted diarrhoea ; metastasis from Gout and Rheumatism are among the most common causes of this disease. Dr. Ayre observes that a plethoric state of the system predis- poses to hydrothorax. Treatment.—When the disease arises from a congested state of the chest; from plethora ; or the effusion is the result of an inflammatory action, with cough, shortness of breath, paroxysms of suffocation and anxiety. Aconite. And Aconite is still farther indicated by that peculiar uneasiness at the inferior portion of the breast-bone, (pit of the stomach ;) by sickness of the stomach, scanty emis- sion of urine, and an apprehensive state of the mind. When there are stitches in the chest; an inability to take a full inspiration ; the breathing is sobbing and la- borious ; face bloated ; drowsiness during the day, and sleeplessness at night. Bryonia. When there is difficult breathing at night, on lying down ; a sensation of weakness and fatigue of the chest with oppression ; painful throbbing in the head caused by the obstruction in the chest; nausea. Carbo-veg. 260 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. And especially if the above are associated with the following moral symptoms, peevishness, impatience, irrita- bility, and disposition to anger. When, in addition to oppression of the chest, there is a suffocation or hacking cough ; the face sunken, and ex- pressive of suffocation; heaviness of the head; eyes dim; coldness of the extremities, and the mind sad, and de- spondent. Cann. Ind., Apis Mel, Lachesis. And Lachesis is an invaluable remedy for shortness of breath, accompanying other affections, particularly or- ganic diseases of the heart. When the difficulty of breathing comes on very sud- denly, threatening almost immediate suffocation ; palpita- tion of the heart, aggravated by inclining the chest for- ward; and the symptoms appearing paroxysmal, returning in the afternoon. Cactus, Spigelia. When the breathing is short, deficient, and hurried ; % face pale ; eyes dim ; hiccough, and inclination to vomit; pressure in the pit of the stomach; pulse small, feeble, and irregular; uneasy and unrefreshing sleep. Digitalis. Digitalis is especially indicated when the symptoms appear to be aggravated in a warm room, which is set down as the characteristic peculiarity of this drug, and is seldom absent in this affection. And when the disease is advanced ; the patient much emaciated; countenance sunken and pale; vomiting, and frequent hiccough; breathing exceedingly short, anxious, and oppressive; external coldness, while the patient com- plains of a burning sensation;* urine scanty, and voided • I have employed Arsenic in almost every variety of dropsy with suc- cess. My attention was first directed to it by my friend Dr. Vander- ASCITES. 261 with pain; partial paralysis of the extremities, and gene ral anasarca. Arsenicum. Administration.—During the inflammation or incipient stage of Hydrothorax, Aconite stands (as in dropsy of the brain) foremost, and should be given at intervals of four hours, until the inflammatory symptoms disappear. But when the symptoms are very severe, and great oppression of the chest, with difficult breathing is experienced, the drug indicated may be given every half hour or hour, until the urgency of the symptoms is removed; then ex- tend the time to four or six hours, as may be necessary, judging from the condition of the patient. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be light, unirri- tating, and restricted in quantity; drinks, or liquid diet, but sparingly allowed. The apartment should be well ventilated with pure air. and rather cool than otherwise. as warm temperatures are oppressive. III. ASCITES. (Dropsy of the Abdomen.) Ascites, (from the Greek, signifying a sack, or bottle; so called from its sacular or bottle-like protuberancy.) Dropsy of the belly. Diagnosis.—This disease is generally preceded by a bergh, of this city, and I regard it as the sheet anchor of our success in dropsical aflfections. I always continued it until an increased thirst—in the absence of the burning sensation above mentioned—was produced, as a part of its pathogenetic action; then discontinued it, and administered Helleborus Niger, which generally, without the assistance of another drug, affected the cure; in a few instances I found it necessary to ad- minister one or two doses ot Sulphur. 262 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. loss of appetite ; dry, harsh state of the skin ; some cough ; oppression of the chest; diminished discharge of urine ; and costiveness. After the appearance of these symptoms, a fullness and distension are perceived in the epigastrium, which gradually increase and extend until the entire abdomen becomes swollen and tense. One of the most sure diagnostics, is that the distension and weight vary according to the position of the body; for instance, if the patient is recumbent, the distension will be greater in the side upon which he is lying, with a cor- responding diminution on the opposite side. A fluctua- tion can readily be distinguished by placing the left hand on one side of the abdomen, and striking the other side with the right hand ; and it will frequently be obvious to the ear. A general disturbance of the system arises, as the accumulation in the abdomen increases from mechani- cal irritation, and pressure on the parietes of the abdo- men ; the breathing becomes shorter, in consequence of the abdominal pressure upon the diaphragm, lessening the capacity of the chest, and the stomach can receive but little food or drink; the entire abdomen is tender to the touch, and the inferior extremities become anasarcous. Causes.—Abdominal dropsy very generally depends upon organic disease, especially scirrhus of the liver, or its enlargement from habitual intemperance ; chronic in- flammation of the peritoneum (the lining membrane of the abdomen,) from cold ; parturition ; mechanical injuries ; suppressed habitual discharges ; and metastasis of cuta- neous eruptions. Treatment.—In the commencement of this disease, when inflammatory or febrile symptoms are present; the ascites. 263 pulse accelerated, and the skin above the normal standard, with thirst. Aconite. When there are pains and soreness in the right hypo- chondrium, aggravated when lying on the left side ; or an inability to lie on the left side ; sallow complexion and an icterode eye ; stupidity and drowsiness during the day ; disinclination to mental and physical exertion ; high-colored and scanty urine ; and the evacuations of the bowels are clay-colored. Nux-Vomica and Mercurius, in alternation. When there is a hard and painful swelling of the right hypochondrium, indicating an indurated state or scirrhus of the liver ; swelling of the abdomen ; " intestines pain- ful, as if bruised ;" and paucity of urine. Cannabis. When there is painful swelling, and induration in the right side ; or pains in the region of the liver ; with a soft and tender swelling, similar to ramollissement of the liver, (softening of the liver ;) bowels hard, distended and obsti- nately constipated ; urine is high-colored, and deposits a sediment; nausea, and an inclination to vomit. Apis Mel, Lachesis. And especially if the patient was addicted to habits of intemperance. When the abdomen is much swollen and painful ; a pressing sensation in the region of the liver ; bowels con- stipated ; or a tendency to diarrhoea, with tenesmus ; op- pressive anxiety in the pit of the stomach ; burning sen- sation, nausea and vomiting. Arsenicum. And Arsenicum is especially indicated by coldness of the extremities and general anasarca ; sunken and hippocra- tic countenance ; extreme debility and emaciation. 264 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When caused by repelled eruptions. Ipecac. Bryonia, Sulphur. When caused by a blow or contusion. Arnica. When caused by the intemperate use of intoxicating drinks. Lachesis, Nux- Vomica. When caused by debility. Ferrum, China. And in general Anasarca, or to finish up the treatment, after the other remedies have been successfully employed. Sulphur is a good remedy. I am much in favor of the first trituration of the Apis met (honey bee) in all cases of Hydrothorax, Ascites, and general Anasarca, which do not depend upon organic dis- ease of the liver, and which have resisted the other rem- edies, more especially indicated. My attention was first directed to it by Dr. Vanderbergh, of this city, and by its wonderful effects as detailed by Dr. Marcy in his practice ; he observes that " the influence which this remedy exer- cises upon the urinary organs, as well as upon the peri- toneum and pleura is of the most prompt and decided character." Administration.—There is no necessity to repeat the drugs in this disease oftener than once or twice a day, as it is not generally very acute or rapid in its progress. Unless the condition should exist that demands Aconite, or Nux- Vomica and Murcurius, they may be repeated ad- vantageously every four hours until the symptoms which indicate their use are ameliorated or entirely disappear. Diet and Regimen.—The same as in other forms of dropsy. Note.— Apis Mellifica and Apocynum Cann., in alternation every two or three hours, has proven successful in almost every form of Dropsy; also, in ordinary Anasarca. hydrocele. 265 IV. HYDROCELE. (Ih-opsy of the Scrotum.) Hydrocele, (from the Greek, for water, and a tumor.) This term appears to me rather a misnomer, for it literally means any tumor produced by water. But it has been applied to dropsy of the membranes of the scrotum, and also of the tunica vaginalis (the membrane immediately investing the testes.) Diagnosis.—When the dropsical effusion is in the mem- branes of the scrotum, it retains the impression of the fin- ger upon pressure. But when it is of the tunica vaginalis; it has an undulating and fluctuating feeling to the touch. The former is generally secondary or symptomatic to * other diseases or occurs in enfeebled constitutions. The latter may exist entirely independent of either. Hydro- cele is readily distinguished from Hernia, Circocele (a knotted state of the spermatic vessels) and scirrhus of the testicle, by its transparency and fluctuation. It generally continues to increase from its first appear- ance ; sometimes so rapidly that in a few months it attains an enormous size and becomes distressing and particularly inconvenient; at other times so slowly that for many years there is but little disturbance arising from it. Treatment.—Pulsatilla, SUicea, and Sulphur, are recom- mended by Dr. Pulte, " each remedy for eight or twelve days, every fourth day a dose ;" for their particular indi- cations cousult the Materia Medica. In my old school days, I operated on three or four cases successfully, and treated one case successfully with a hot, dry sand-bath, producing the most copious cuticular exhalations from the part. Since then I have not failed in a single instance 266 homeopathic practice of medicine. with the use of Arsenic, two or three grains of the first trituration given two or three times a day, and continued until a burning sensation is experienced ; then follow it with Helleborus niger, or if there is coldness of the extrem- ities, or a want of capillary circulation, a few doses of Sulphur. Diet and Regimen.—As usual in Chronic diseases ; it is unnecessary to restrict as much as in the other forms of dropsy, particularly in dropsy of the chest and abdomen. V. HYDROPS OVARII. (Dropsy of the Ovaries.) In Ovarian Dropsy, the effusion takes place in the in- ternal surface of the membrane, or sack enveloping the ovary, and the swelling is first observed in the right or left iliac region, unattended with pain or much constitu- tional disturbance. The enlargement, like that of Hydro- cele, progresses slowly, until it ultimately occupies nearly the entire abdomen, when serious inconvenience begins to arise from the pressure upon the bladder, intestines, stomach, diaphragm, and the large blood-vessels, prevent- ing a free circulation, and thereby causing oedema of the inferior extremities. Treatment.—The indications in this disease are similar to those in Ascites, (abdominal dropsy,) with the exception of the hepatic symptoms. The principal drugs for its removal are Mercurius, Lachesis, Digitalis, Arsenicum, Sul- phur, and Apis-mel.; for their individual and more especial indications, vide Materia Medica. Administration.—This disease, as previously stated, is generally very slow in its progress, and therefore does not hydrops articuli. 267 demand the repetition of the drugs oftener than every two or four days ; and probably once a week would answer still better. Diet and Regimen—As already directed in dropsical affections. VI. HYDROPS ARTICULI (Dropsy of the Joints.) The above term is applied to dropsical affections and depositions within the joints, and very erroneously, in my opinion, to that scrofulous degeneracy commonly denomi- nated white swelling For the pathology of Hydrops articuli, proper, differs very widely from that of white swelling ; the former is simply a serous effusion or watery deposition. whereas the latter is a degeneracy caused by a want of solid constituents, (extractive matter and salts.) Causes.—The pricipal causes of this affection are cold, suppressed perspiration, the abuse of Mercury, and impro- perly treated Rheumatism. Treatment.—When caused by cold; when the joints are swollen and painful, and the pains are aggravated by the least motion. Bryonia. When the joints are swollen, painful and stiff; the limbs weary and restless ; pains relieved by motion, and aggravated at night ; chilliness and extreme sensitiveness to cold. Mercurius. When the swellings are principally in the knees and feet; heat and pains of a rheumatic character, worse at night, with shuddering, creeping chills. Pulsatilla. When the swelling extends from the knees to the legs 268 homeopathic practice of medicine. and feet, or from the wrist-joint to the hand ; the pains are drawing and lacerating, and all the symptoms aggra- vated in damp weather. Lachesis. When the dropsical effusion is confined to the knee- joint ; or there may be ordinary oedema of the feet; or when the patient is of a lymphatic temperament, and dis- posed to scrofula or glandular swellings. Sulphur. When caused by cold from getting wet. Pulsatilla, Dulcamara. When caused by Mercury. Hepar-sulph., Sulph. When caused by Quinine or Sulphur. Pulsatilla. Administration.—Repeat the remedy indicated every three, four, or six hours, according to the urgency of the case. I have found that enveloping the joint in a very thin sheet, or in a roller of india rubber or gutta percha, produces a local perspiration, and is a valuable auxiliary, not only in this affection but also in articular rheumatism. Diet and Regimen.—As directed while under homoeo- pathic treatment. VII. HYDROPS GENU. (Dropsy of the Knee.) Vide Hydrops Articuli. VIII. ANASARCA. Anasarca, (from the Greek, words signifying through, and jlesh,) is a form of dropsy, consisting in a morbid col- lection of serous fluid beneath the subcutaneous cellular tissue, and generally diffused throughout the entire body It is classed by Dr. Cullen into five varieties, viz. :— ANASARCA. 269 Anasarca serosa; Anasarca opilata; Anasarca exanthe- matica; Anasarca anamia, and Anasarca debilium; so named simply from their specific causes. Diagnosis.—This form of dropsy, or anasarcous effusion, generally commences with swelling of the inferior extremi- ties ; at first the feet and ankles are observed to be swollen towards evening, and the swelling disappears in the morning. The tumefaction is rather soft and inelastic, and retains a mark or pitting for some time after pressure by the fingers. The swelling gradually increases, and in a short period can be observed at any time during the day, when it gradually ascends, until the entire inferior extremities are swollen and hard. The trunk, also, becomes effected, and even the face and eyelids appear full and bloated. At this stage the breathing becomes difficult ; the urine scanty and high-colored ; the bowels constipated ; dry, harsh state of the skin ; thirst; some cough; pulse moderately accelerated, evincing some febrile action; emaciation and rapid loss of strength. Fre- quently the water oozes out through the pores of the skin ; sometimes it raises the cuticle and forms blisters ; and I have, in several instances, seen water issuing from abrasions and fissures in the skin, caused by an actual bursting from the pressure of the effused fluid. Causes.—" Local anasarca may be produced by what- ever impedes the free return of blood by the veins ;" by the gravid uturus, (it is quite common to see anasarca of the inferior extremities during the advanced stages of pregnancy); pressure from indurated glands, and obstruc- tions from tight bandages and ligatures. But general anasarca depends upon causes which act more generally; such as organic disease of the heart and kindneys, par- 270 homeopathic practice of medicine. ticularly that form of degeneracy denominated "Bright's disease;" debility from excessive losses by haemorrhage, or otherwise ; suppressed perspiration from cold ; repelled cutaneous eruptions ; suppressed habitual discharges ; the injudicious use of Mercury, Arsenic, and Sulphur. I have seen two severe cases" produced by the allopathic adminis- tration of Sulphur for the cure of Itch. Chronic Rheuma- tism, and Gout, are to be classed among the principal causes of this variety of dropsy. Treatment.—During the first appearance of this disease, if there are inflammatory or febrile symptoms; pulse accelerated ; increased heat of the surface and headache. Aconite. When the swelling is principally confined to the feet, and occurs during pregnancy. Apis Mel, Lachesis. When the inferior extremities are swollen ; the dorsum of the feet puffed up; bowels constipated ; urine scanty and high-colored ; loss of appetite ; metallic taste and thirst. Apocynum, Mercurius. When the swelling is very general; the skin sallow ; pressure upon the chest; dry cough; great difficulty of breathing, obliging the patient to sit up ; burning sensa- tion ; the extremities feel cold to the hand ; thirst; urine scanty and high-colored. Cann. Indica, Arsenicum. And, as previously stated, it is an excellent drug in almost every variety of dropsy. When there is drowsiness during the day and restless- ness at night; the skin yellow or chlorotic ; hands and feet cold ; bowels constipated and a disposition to piles. Sulphur. anasarca. 271 And Sulphur is especially indicated in leuco-phlegmatic temperaments and scrofulous diathesis. For oedema of the feet during the day and diminishing at night. Bryonia in the morning and Sulphur at night. There are many other remedies that have been used with success in Anasarca, such as Apis-mel, as recommended in Marcy's Practice, (vide page 547,) and Cannabinum Apocynum in Anasarca succeeding scarlet fever, by Drs. Gray and Hull. " Cantharides, in dropsies, depending upon difficulty of the bladder, with stranguary pain in the limbs, chronic coryza, etc." Digitalis removed anasarca, consequent upon scarlet rash ; also cured a case of ascites and anasarca, and pro- duced improvement in the co-existing affection of the heart. " China, one dose a day for eight days, afterwards every two days for one week, cured a case of anasarca conse- quent upon haemorrhage." (Ruckert's Therapeutics, page 389.) When caused by Mercury. Hepar-sulph. When caused by Sulphur. PulsatUla. When caused by Quinine. Puis., Apocy-cann. Administration.—The same as in other forms of drop- sical affection. CHAPTER X. EMMOBRHAGIA. (Flow of Blood. J Haemorrhagia, (derived from the Greek, the blood, and to break out;) is a haemorrhage, or flow of blood from any part, and is divided in to genera, or named according to the part from whence it flows, viz.: Epistaxis, from the nose; Haemoptysis, from the lungs; Heematemesis, from the stom- ach; Hcematuria, when voided with the urine; Menor- rhagia, from the uterus, {womb,) etc. And it is further divided by pathologists into Active and Passive. Active Hemorrhages are said to occur when there is a preternatural determination or flow of blood to the part, and an increased activity of the entire circulatory system; occurring generally in those that are young, of full, ple- thoric habit, and predisposed to local congestion and de- termination. Passive Haemorrhages depend upon a decreased, instead of an increased vascular activity; the vis a tergo, or vital forces, are actually abridged; a relaxed and inactive state of the vessels, the capillaries "suffering the blood to es- cape passively, from want of vital activity to resist its entrance and transmission." The principal remedies for Active Hemorrhage, are Aconite, Belladonna, Crocus, Hyosciamus, Arnica, Chamo- milla, Ipecac, Mercurius, Nux Vomica, Rhus-tox, Sabina, Sepia, Stramonium, and Sulphur. EPISTAXSIS. 273 The remedies for Passive Hamorrhage, are China, Fer- rum, Arsenicum, Phos.-acid, Pulsatilla, Secale, Staphysagria, Calcarea-carb., and Carbo.-veg., to be administered accord- ing to their special indications. I. EPISTAXSIS. Bleeding at the Nose. Epistaxsis. (From the Greek, to distill from.) Bleed- ing at the nose generally occurs among the young, those of full plethoric habit, and those not yet arrived at man- hood ; and more frequently in males than females, par- ticularly after menstruation becomes established. It comes on frequently without any warning or visible cause; is sometimes, however, preceded by headache, vertigo, flushed face, throbbing of the temporal arteries, and coldness of the extremities; and frequently is the result of a blow, or some mechanical injury, as we can all attest. Treatment.—When it occurs in persons of full, ple- thoric habit, who are subject to headache, dizziness, flushed face, and beating and throbbing of the temporal arteries. Aconite and Belladonna, in alternation. When it occurs in those of lax fibre, or delicate struc- ture ; face pale, and general weakness. China, Ferrum. When it occurs generally at night. Rhus-tox. When it occurs in the morning. Bryonia. When caused by a blow. Arnica, internally and externally. When caused by the free use of intoxicating drrhks. Nux Vomica. 18 274 homeopathic practice of medicine. When caused by violent exertion. Rhus-tox., Carbo.-veg. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated every fifteen or twenty minutes, until the bleeding ceases. If it is to correct a disposition to it, give Aconite, Sulphur, Sepia, Lycopodium; one dose of each every second day, for a week or two, will generally correct the habit. Diet in accordance with homoeopathic rules while taking medicines. II. HAEMOPTYSIS. (Spitting of Blood.) Haemoptysis. (From the Greek, blood, and to spit.) Bleeding from the lungs is generally preceded by pain, or a degree of fullness in the chest; some heat in the throat, and a sweet, insipid, saltish taste in the mouth ; and is characterized by coughing up a florid, frothy blood, which last distinguishes it from haemorrhage from the stomach, which is dark in appearance. Causes.—The exciting causes of bleeding from the lungs, or from the respiratory passages, are various. The most common are violent exertions; the free use of in- toxicating drinks ; the drying up of old ulcers; the sup- pression of habitual discharges; metastasis from Gout and Rheumatism ; irritation from the inhalation of irritating substances, or heated air; blowing on wind instruments; loud speaking and singing; injuries of the chest by blows, etc.; vand organic disease of the lungs. Treatment.—When bleeding of the lungs occurs in hemoptysis. 275 a full, plethoric habit, or in a young vigorous person. Aconite and Belladonna, in alternation. When the bleeding is preceded by oppression in the chest; some difficulty in breathing; fetid breath, and bad taste in the mouth; a tickling sensation in the throat, exciting a dry hacking cough; and the blood raised by coughing is bright red and frothy, intermixed with small clots, or coagulums. Arnica. When the breathing is laborious, with hurried expira- tions ; or oppressed breathing in consequence of stitches in the chest; dry cough, producing retching, and an ex- pectoration of pure blood, or bloody mucus. Bryonia. When there is an asthmatic shortness of breath, and a continuous uninterrupted cough which occasions spitting of blood. Ipecac. When there is loss of appetite ; bitter or sweetish taste; nausea, inequilibrium in the circulation ; the heart beats quick and laborious; the pulse small and slow; face pale; lips livid; sore feeling in the chest; cough, with a bloody expectoration, or florid blood. Digitalis. When the bleeding occurs in a person of mild temper- ment, or in one disposed to melancholy. Pulsatilla. And Pulsatilla, more especially if there are asthmatic symptoms with cough, relieved by sitting up ; occasional stitches in the side ; alternate chills and flashes of heat; and the attacks occur towards evening or d uring the night. When the bleeding from the Jungs is caused by the dry- ing up of an old ulcer; the patient is weak and somewhat 276 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. emaciated; some cough with constant hawking up of pure blood. Rhus-tox.* When the bleeding occurs in a person addicted to in- temperance. Nux Vomica, Lachesis. When caused by a blow, fall, or the inhalation of irri- tating particles of dust or other substances. Arnica. When caused by metastasis from Gout or Rheumatism; or by the drying up of an old ulcer. Bryonia, Rhus-tox. When caused by suppressed menstruation, treat for the primary difficulty, establish normal action there, and the bleeding from the lungs will cease. When caused by a violent exertion. Rhus-tox. Administration.—If the bleeding is active, give the medicine every fifteen or twenty minutes, until a favor- able impression is made; then extend the time to every hour, or to two, three or four, as may be necessary. Diet and Regimen.—If food be necessary before the bleeding is arrested, or during the intervals, it must be of the simplest character, and eaten cold ; such as cold soft boiled rice and cold gruel or ponade; the drinks must consist of iced water. Keep the patient perfectly quiet and preserve a tolerably low temperature in the apart- ment.t * I have successfully treated several attacks of this disease in a person whose condition was similar to that expressed in tne above paragraph with Rhus- tox. ; it was employed after the other drugs which were more strictly indicated had failed, and afforded almost immediate relief; subsequent attacks in the same patieut were also almost immediately arrested by it. t In two or three cases I have been'obliged to give my patients small pieces of ice: and have also applied cold applications to the chest with decided ad- hematemesis. 277 III. HMMA TEMESIS. ( Vomiting of Blood.) ILematemesis, (from the Greek, blood and to vomit.) Haemorrhage from the stomach is readily distinguished from that of the lungs by the appearance of the blood, which is dark and grumous and frequently mixed with the ordinary contents of the stomach ; it is also generally preceded by a sense of weight; by pain or a degree of anxiety in the epigastric region, and is unattended by cough, which is a usual concomitant in haemorrhage from the lungs. Causes.—Haemorrhage from the stomach may arise from bruises or other mechanical injuries, and from nox- ious articles received into the stomach. But it generally occurs as a symptom in other affections, such as men- strual irregularities; pregnancy; or suppressed haemorr- hoidal discharges, (discharges from piles,) a congested state of the liver and spleen, or an obstruction in them from organic disease. I have known it, however, in two instances to depend upon scirrhus of the stomach, and it sometimes occurs in the last stages of putrid and malig- nant fevers. Treatment.—When haemorrhage occurs in a full, ple- thoric habit, or in a young person, disposed to plethora. Aconite and Belladonna, in alternation. When there is that peculiar congested state, with red bloated face, or face of a bluish color; lips livid; sick- ness of the stomach and vomiting of blood. Hyosicamus. vantage: they certainly tended to assist the action of the medicines, by dimin- ishing the activity of the circulation in the chest and diverting it to a remote part. 278 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. And Hyosciamus is especially indicated when the vom- iting of blood is attended with convulsions. When the patient complains of a bad, putrid taste and a difficulty in swallowing, from nausea, sickness of the stomach and vomiting of dark blood or coagulurns. Arnica. When the blood vomited is dark and viscid ; the pa- tient experiences a degree of heaviness-of the head and vertigo; color of the face changes from red to pale, or a livid complexion. Crocus. When the vomiting of blood occurs in a weak and en- feebled constitution. China, Ferrum. When it occurs during low, putrid fevers. Arsenicum. When it occurs during pregnancy. Nux Vomica, Kreosote. If caused by a blow or mechanical injury. Arnica. If caused by scirrhus of the stomach. Kreosote, Coni. If caused by suppressed menstruation from cold. Pulsatilla, Sulphur. If caused by suppression of the haemorrhoidal flux, (bleeding piles.) Nux Vomica, Sulphur. If caused by metastasis from Gout or Rheumatism. Bryonia, Rhus-tox. Administration.—Give the remedy every half hour or hour, if the bleeding is active, until it is arrested or checked; then every three or four hours as may be neces- sary; at the same time, cold applications (cloths wet in cold water) to the epigastrium, will frequently aid the medicines very materially, by diverting the circulation. HEMATURIA. 279 Diet and Regimen.—The diet must, of course, be of the most simple and unirritating character; very soft boiled rice, thin mucilaginous gruels, plain animal and vegetable jellies. The drinks should consist of iced wa- ter, or cold black tea. The diet should also be cold, and the patient may occasionally swallow a bit of ice. IV. HEMATURIA. (Voiding Blood by Urine.) Hematuria, (from the Greek words for blood and urine.) Voiding blood with the urine is generally the result of an injury, either from a fall, or calculous concretions in the kidneys and bladder, or from their lodgment in the ure- thra. Sometimes it is occasioned by the injudicious use of acrid and stimulating diuretics; such as Cantharides, Turpentine, etc., and it has been known to occur periodi- cally in a male, with as much regularity as the menstrual flux in a female. A case of this description occurred in the practice of my esteemed friend and classmate, Profes- sor Ackerley, of Cleveland, Ohio, and embodies a very interesting history in detail. This disease, (voiding blood by the urinary passage,) admits of the blood coming from other parts besides the bladder, and it may be necessary to lay down the general distinguishing characteristics. When it passes off with- out an effort, or a desire to evacuate the bladder, and is unmixed with urine, it necessarily comes from some part of the urethra. When the urine is mixed with blood and attended with a degree of pain in the neck or region of the bladder, and a sense of uneasiness in the perineum; and when the blood settles to the bottom of the vessel, or appears in 280 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. flocculi, it unquestionably proceeds from the bladder. When it comes from the kidneys, the pain and uneasiness are in the region of those organs, and not referable to the bladder ; and the urine is of a dark, mahogany color and smoky in appearance. Treatment.—When it occurs in a plethoric person without any assignable cause, except plethora and local determination. Aconite, Belladonna. When it occurs as a symptom in low fevers, Arsenicum, which is a very superior remedy in cases of bloody urine, voided with much pain and burning; or for a constant inclination, with pressing. When it is caused by a blow, fall, bruise, or other me- chanical injury. Arnica. When there are stitches and itching in the parts, and the urine deposits a bloody sediment, or is mixed with blood. Calc-carb. When the patient complains of pain, a degree of numb- ness or coldness in the small of the back; frequently desires to urinate, and voids the urine slowly, which deposits a calcareous sediment, and the urine is of a blood red color. Carbo-veg. When the haemorrhage is attended with cutting pain in the bladder, or a bleeding from the urethra, without pain. Lycopodium. When bleeding from the urethra is attended with pain of a drawing character in the testes or groin; some swell- ing of the parts, with sensitiveness. Mercurius. When there is a constant urging to urinate, attended with burning and terminating in a discharge of blood; HEMORRHOIDS. 281 Nux Vomica, and especially if the urging is mostly at night. When there is cutting, painful micturition, with bloody discharges. Phosphorus. When there is difficult and painful micturition, with discharges of bloody drops of urine. Rhus-tox. When the discharge of bloody urine is by drops, at- tended with severe tenesmus of the bladder and stran- gury* Cantharis, Secale-cornutum. Administration.—Repeat the drug every two or three hours as may be necessary, judging from the severity of the case. Diet and Regimen.—The food should be simple and unirritating. Cold and mucilaginous beverages, such as rice and barley water, slippery elm and gum arabic teas. The patient must be kept quiet, in a recumbent posture, and if the haemorrhage is caused by a mechanical injury, apply cloths wet in diluted Tinct.-Arnica to the part. V. MENORRHAGIA. {Flooding, or an immoderate flow of the Menses.) Vide Diseases peculiar to Females. VI. HAEMORRHOIDS. (The Piles.) Hemorrhoids, (from the Greek, blood and to flow.) Piles are excrescences or tumors arising from the inferior portion of the rectum, or situated on the verge of the anus, and are generally exceedingly sensitive and painful. When they bleed either spontaneously or when the pa- tient goes to stool, they are termed hemorrhoids fluentes 282 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. or bleeding piles. When the disease consists of small in- durations, or spongy tumors, which are pressed down in consequence of a congested state of the inferior portion of the rectum, and do not bleed, they are termed hcemor- rhoides, or blind, piles. An attack of piles is generally preceded by a degree of weight and uneasiness in the abdomen; a pressure and bearing down sensation in the rectum and perineum ; pains in the back and loins; sometimes a flatulent state of the stomach and bowels; and most generally constipation. When the swellings or tumors are large and very sensitive, and are not relieved by bursting, or the oozing of blood from the part, it is not uncommon for the irritation to extend to the neighboring parts, producing unpleasant, and, in many instances, distressing symptoms; such as dysuria, strangury, and in females leucorrhoeal discharges. Causes.—In many instances piles depend upon a pecu- liar temperament, rather a sanguino-bilious, or melancholic one, and are supposed by some to be influenced to a great extent by hereditary predisposition. Be this as it may, they very seldom attack persons under twenty or twenty- one years of age, but when they do appear, on referring back we will find that in most cases the patient was sub- ject to Prolapsus ani (falling down of the rectum) during childhood, a fact which I have noted in many instances. However, the most common causes are drastic purga- tives, composed of Aloes, Scammony, Gamboge, Colocynth and Mercury; obstinate constipation; high-seasoned and stimulating articles of food; the free use of spiritous drinks; sedentary habits; confinement to the office and employments which require a great deal of sitting; preg- nancy and parturition. HEMORRHOIDS. 283 Treatment.—In case of blind or bleeding piles, at- tended with pain in the small of the back; colicky and flatulent pains in the abdomen, with a constipated state of the bowels. Nux Vomica. And when attended with an itching or creeping sen- sation in the rectum as from worms ; and an occasional discharge from the bowels of mucus, streaked with blood. Sulphur and Nux Vomica. Sulphur in the morning, and Nux Vomica at night. When there is a flatulent state of the abdomen and a pinching colicky pain in the region of the umbilicus; loss of appetite with nausea ; stools hard, indurated, and of difficult expulsion ; or liquid papescent stools ; sore, tearing sensation of the anus ; discharge of blood, with hardened excrements, or the expulsion of dark blood ; frequent desire to urinate, with burning in the urethra. Antimony-crud. When the piles are swollen and painful; itching and burning of the anus ; frequent urging to urinate, attended with difficulty; passing but small quantities with burn- ing sensation. Arsenicum. When the tumors are small; the patient is troubled with prolapsus while at stool, and the bleeding is in jets. Acid-Muriatic. When the discharge from the anus is a whitish mucus, attended with painful stinging and burning, and attended with strangury or burning in the urethra while urinating. Cantharis. When attended with a cutting in the rectum; or an excessive itching of the anus; constipated bowels and bloody stools. Causticum, Collinsonia. 284 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When there is a distended state of the bowels ; flatu- lent or haemorrhoidal colic; swollen and painful varices with titilation, itching, and a discharge of pure blood. AVsculus Hip., Carbo-veg. When there are tearing pains in the back ; diarrhoeic stools, particularly at night; compressive pain in the ab- domen and flowing piles. Chamomilla. When there is a creeping, tickling, and itching in the rectum ; the margin of the anus swollen with distended veins; the patient suffers from blind piles, or from flow- ing piles, with itching of the anus and perineum. AEsculus Hip., Ignatia. When there are painfully distended, or protruding va- rices, painful upon the exit of a loose stool ; the bowels either loose or constipated; pain and uneasiness in the rectum after a stool. Calc carb., Graphitis. And Calcarea-carb. is especially indicated in persons of a Scrofulus diathesis. When there is burning, excoriating pain in the anus, and discharge of bloody mucus ; or bloody stools with a painful acrid sensation at the anus. Mercurius. Administration.—Repeat the drug selected every three, four, or six hours, as may be necessary, judging from the severity of the case, and the amount of phy- sical suffering; but once a day, or morning and evening will generally be found sufficiently often, as the disease is most always of a chronic character. External Applications.—When the tumors are large, congested and painful, apply fine, old linen wet in the Tinct. Arnica (ten or fifteen drops to a tea-cup two-thirds Note.—In almost every form of piles, especially if there is much suffering, bleeding, and a contraction of the sphincter muscle, Msculns Hip. HEMORRHAGE FROM THE MOUTH. 285 full of water;) when they are dry, sore and exceedingly sensitive there is no objection to anointing them with sweet suet or lard, as it not only tends to relieve by lu- bricating the part but prevents the deep fissures, which frequently prove troublesome. Washing the parts well with cold water, and its frequent application will be found of great service. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be mild, unirri- tating, and of easy digestion, and such as will rather tend to loosen the bowels than otherwise ; exercise moderate. VII. HAEMORRHAGE FROM THE MOUTH. It is seldom that bleeding from the mouth (properly) takes place, except as a symptom of other affections; such as scurvy, low typhoid fevers ; purpuria-haemor- rhagica ; and mechanical injuries. Treatment.—When it is the result of a mechanical injury. Arnica. When it occurs in scurvy. Arsenicum, Carbo.-veg., Lachesis, Staphysagria. When it occurs in typhoid fevers. Arsenicum, Rhus-tox. When it occurs in Purpuria-haemorrhagica. Arnica, Coni-Mac. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated every two, three, or four hours, according to the severity of the symptoms, and the impression produced by the drug. Should the haemorrhage be caused by an injury, wash the mouth frequently with cold water, containing a few drops of Tinct-Arnica; the drinks should be cold. 286 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. VIII. HAEMORRHAGE FROM THE EYES. The same may be observed of bleeding from the eyes, which has already been said of bleeding from the mouth; and this should be treated in the same way, with the ex- ception of the bleeding, which takes place in Ophthalmia, (Inflammation of the Eyes.) Treatment.—When the bleeding takes place during severe inflammation of the eyes; the eyes red; conjunc- tiva injected, pain, and burning sensation. Aconite and Belladonna, in alternation. When there is a degree of pressure in the eyes; burn- ing, particularly of the inner canthus; head congested, and haemorrhage from the eyes. Carbo.-veg. When it occurs in a scrofulous person. Col.-carb., Ferrum. Administration.—As above. Diet and Regimen.—In accordance with homoeopathic rules. CHAPTER XI. CANCER. Cancer, (derived from the Latin, Cancer, a crab,) is a disease thus named by the ancients, because it frequently exhibits large blue veins, somewhat resembling crab's claws. It was termed Carcinoma, by the Greeks ; and Lupus, by the Romans, " because it eats away the flesh like a wolf." The disease presents itself under two forms, or distinct stages, viz.: Scirrhus or Occult Cancer; Ulcerated or Open Cancer. The first is a hard, indolent, and almost insensible tumor, generally situated in a glandular part, accom- panied with little or no pain, or discoloration of the surface. But when this indolent scirrhus passes to the malignant state, the tumor becomes irregular in its shape, and painful; the cutaneous veins become varicose ; the skin purple or livid ; the tumor is attended with sharp, shooting, piercing pains, and finally breaks open, dis- charging a sordid, sanious, or fetid matter; the edges of the ulcer are dark, thick, and inverted, or retorted, exhibiting frequently a serrated appearance, and during the ulcerating process, bleed frequently, in consequence of the erosion of a blood vessel; this constitutes, for a certainty, the second form or stage, viz.: Ulcerated, or Open Cancer, or Lupus of the Romans. The above description, although brief, appears not only 288 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. to define the disease under consideration, with sufficient clearness, to prevent the most ordinary understanding from forming an incorrect diagnosis, but it accords with what I conceive to be the best authority extant, and is fully confirmed by my experience, in scirrhus indurations and cancerous ulcers, (which is not very limited.) But there is in this, as well as in every other important and dangerous affection, a disposition evinced towards an endless diagnostic nicety, better calculated to lead astray by a confused prolixity, than to throw any additional light upon its true character, or to suggest any means whereby its fatal tendency can be averted. Thus, Dr. Abernethy, in his " matchless history," as Cooper terms it, says, that at its commencement, "it condenses the sur- rounding substance, so as to require a capsule, and then it appears like many sarcomatous tumors, to be a part of new formation." Sir Everard Home, says it is readily distinguished by the hard part never having been perfectly circumscribed, and giving more the feeling of a knot in the gland itself, than a substance distinctly formed. Richter says that hardness is not a characteristic property; and Mr. Bell admits the correctness of this in certain cases. Richter also observes that this predisposition cannot be discovered till carcinoma has actually taken place. Burns and Sir E. Home, affirm that other tumors and indurations may terminate in cancer. Abernethy is equally sure that they may terminate in malignant disease, but not cancer; and Mr. Pearson assumes the position, that when an indu- ration is found to exist in any of the lymphatic glands, it will rarely be of a cancerous nature; and Cooper thinks that this last position may yet be generally correct. Now what is to be gained in a practical point of view, or even theoretically, from the above learned opinions. CANCER. 289 Do we not know that there is such a condition as a scirrhous diathesis? Have we not seen families pecu- liarly afflicted with tumors, which became scirrhous and cancerous ulcers at certain stages of their lives? How frequently do we meet with those who have small, blue, hardened tumors, with blood vessels radiating from them, and the tumor terminating in a cancerous ulcer; or, at other times, remaining for years without material change, until some wise disciple of ^Esculapius touches it with Nitrate of Silver, or Caustic Potash; or some mountebank applies a cancer plaster for its removal, and an open can- cer is the result? Does the caustic or the plaster pro- duce the cancer? Or does it rouse from its latency a predisposition that might have remained dormant for years, or probably never have become developed if left alone, and not excited by the very means employed for its removal? As previously stated, Cancer generally attacks glandu- lar parts; but I have seen it occur in other parts, as in the nose, lips, or cheek, beneath the eye ; at the angle of the mouth; and in one instance it commenced in the an- trum, destroying the entire side of the face, the upper jaw, and the eyes, before death relieved the poor sufferer. The tongue, nose, breasts, and uterus in females, and the lips, testes, and penis, in males, are most subject to can- cerous affections, and during childhood the eyes. Treatment.—The principal remedies for the cure of Cancer are Arseni<§im, Belladonna, Clematis, Natrum-mu- riat, Aurum, Lycopodium, Artemcsia, Baryta, Pulsatilla, Carbo.-veg., Kreosote, Conium-maculatum, Cicute, Stramo- nium and Hyosciamus. Arsenicum is indicated in cancerous ulcers, or in scir- 19 290 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. rhous indurations, when they are attended with a burning sensation. The edges of the ulcer are elevated, of a dark blue color, or of the appearance of lard ; the discharge, a thin, fetid ichor, or bloody; and the ulcer more painful in the morning. The patient is inclined to melancholy and shuddering chills, attended with flushes and thirst. Belladonna.—When touching the swelling or ulcer pro- duces a burning; the ulcer surrounded with dark, bloody crusts; and the discharge a bloody ichor. Clematis.—For scirrhous indurations and cancerous ulcers, when attended with tingling and throbbing; the patient is feverish and dissatisfied, indifferent and silent. Natrum-muriat.—When the tumor appears more like a warty excrescence, or the ulcer is surrounded with va- rices ; and all the symptoms are increased while in the recumbent posture. Aurum.—When the swelling or ulceration extends to the bones; cancerous ulcers, with deep rhagades, with burning and shooting pains; excessive sensitiveness; dejection and melancholy. Lycopodium.—When the ulcer is deep, and more of a fistulous character, with hard, red, shining everted edges; or the ulcer is situated in the vicinity of bone which is carious; glandular swellings and bard nodosities. Baryta-carb.—For a foul-looking ulcer, which dis- charges a fetid ichor; or if surrounded with a yellow, scaly eruption ; swelling and induration of the glands of the neck ; or if fever attends, of a tertian type. Pulsatilla.—When the ulcer is flat, or rather superficial, foul and putrid; carious ulcers; the skin prone to crack CANCER. 291 upon being wet; the patient restless at night, or troubled with dreams; chilliness and coldness in the evening. Carbo-veg.—For glandular swellings, or swellings sur- rounded with varices. And it is especially indicated when an ulcer breaks open after having been healed, and, instead of discharging pus, emits a bloody lymph ; the edges of the ulcer are hard and painful to the touch; burning of the skin, similar to that caused by a mustard plaster. Kreosote.—When the ulcer is superficial, having the appearance of a furfuracebus herpes, with fissures and rhagades, or a greasy, pocket-shaped excrescence. Conium-maculatum.—For scirrhous indurations, and cancerous ulcers with dark edges; when the ulcer dis- charges a fetid ichor; or gangrene appears at a portion of the ulcer; the pains much worse during rest, and a . general faint, sickly, exhausted feeling. Many of the remedies are, however, more particularly applicable to certain locations, viz.: For Cancerous affection of the nose. Arsenicum, Aurum. For Cancerous ulcer of the cheek. Arsenicum, Kreosote. For Cancerous affections of the lips. Arsen., Bell., Clnnat., Lycopod. For Cancerous affections of the womb. Arsen., Pulsatilla, Carbo-animal. For Cancerous affections of the tongue. Arsenicum. For Cancerous affections of the stomach. Artemisia. 292 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. For Cancerous affections of the orifices of the stomach. Baryta-carbon. For Cancerous affections of the (mammae) breast. Belladonna, Clematis. Administration.—Give first the drug indicated by the location of the cancerous affection, one dose a day for two or three days, or a week; then administer the drug indicated by the appearance and sensation of the indu- ration or ulcer, twice a day; and thus continue until a favorable impression is manifest, or another drug is indicated by a change of symptom. External Applications.—All external applications must be strictly avoided, excepting the drug which the patient is taking. I have always found marked advan- tage from the external application of the same remedy which the patient is taking, only in a different attenua- tion ; thus Arsenicum T-j5, 10 drops to an ounce of water ; Belladonna 3d, 10 or 20 drops to an ounce of water; and the others in a proportionate strength ; wash the tumor or dress the ulcer with it twice a day. 1. TUMORS AND SWELLINGS. Tumor, (from the Latin tumco, to swell.) Tumors are generally the result of pre-established local irritation or inflammation ; or they may be the result of accident, as a contusion, which lacerates the capillaries and allows the blood to become extravasated. Mr. Hunter mentions a case in which a small coagulum of blood appeared on the peritoneum, (the lining membrane of the bowels,) and was found to connect with the surface upon which it was tumors and swellings. 293 deposited; blood-vessels extended to it, and ramified, until a morbid growth was established. Or the effusion of coagulating lymph may be converted into a tumor by the growth of the adjacent vessels and nerves into it; "thus an unorganized concrete becomes a living tumor, which has at first no perceptible peculiarity as to its nature." Dr. Baron asserts that tubercles are always, at their commencement, small vesicular bodies with fluid contents; and that a tubercle, whatever may be its dis- organization, is necessarily composed of but one cyst. This appears to me, to apply very well to the small miliary tubercle, but to no other; for it is a well known fact that tubercles are frequently, nay, most always, observed with irregular elevations and corresponding divisions and sacks, or cysts, unless a large one is to be regarded as a conglomeration of small ones. Whether it is the elements of these morbid growths, or a predisposition, which governs their transformation to the various characters they assume, is a question not sufficiently settled in my mind, to admit of an indis- criminate application ; but that some are governed by predisposition, I have no doubt. Tumors are named or classified according to their ap- pearance or structure exhibitedupon dissection, suchasm- cysted, sarcomatous, steatomalous, adipose, scirrhus, medullary, melanotic, pancreatic, mastoid, or mammary, etc., and are ar- ranged under the two general heads of malignant, and non- malignant ; the former comprehends medullary, sarcoma, melanotic, and scirrhous; the latter adipose and encysted. Encysted Tumors.—Are those which consist of a fluid or other matter contained in a sack or cyst. Sarcomatous.—(Sarcoma, from the Greek, flesh,) are those 294 homeopathic practice of medicine. tumors which have the appearance of flesh and very fre- quently appear like the uncooked white flesh of a chicken. Stcatoma.—(From the Greek, suet ;) is a term applied to encysted tumors when their contents have the appear- ance and consistence of suet. Adipose.—(From the Latin, adeps,fat;) are non-malig- nant tumors of fatty deposit. Scirrhous.—(From the Greek, to harden,) is a hard une- qual indolent tumor, generally situated in a glandular part, and not painful until it passes to a malignant state, when it becomes painful and of a livid hue; (Vide scirrhous and cancer. Medulary.—(From the Latin, medulla, narrow,) are those tumors which have the appearance of brain or mar- row. (Vide medullary sarcoma.) Melanotic.—(Melanoma, from the Greek, black.) When melanosis is applied to sarcoma, it constitutes one of the most rapid and malignant of morbid growths ; the tumor particularly in the interior, becomes black and of a sooty appearance. Pancreatic.—(Pancreas, from the Greek words all and flesh.) This is a term applied by Mr. Abernethy, to a species of sarcoma, resembling in its structure the organ from which it is named, and generally appearing in the "female breast on the side of the nipple, towards the arm." Meliceris.—(From the Greek words honey and wax.) This term is frequently applied to encysted tumors, with contents resembling honey in appearance and consistence. Mammary, or Mastoid.—(From the Greek, a breast.) This is another term given to sarcoma (mammary or mastoid TUMORS AND SWELLINGS. 295 sarcoma), by Mr. Abernethy, when the tumor bears a resemblance to the female breast. Treatment.—Most of the tumors briefly noticed, have never yet been cured by allopathic drugs; some have been removed by the knife successfully, but generally the result has been, in addition to the pain of a severe oper- ation, a speedy development of the original difficulty, equally malignant and far more extensive, while many have been successfully treated homoeopathically. .Our only hope is the judicious selection (and administration) of homoeopathic drugs, for the removal of these morbid and malignant growths. The principal remedies are Ar- senicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Conium, Hepar-sulph, Lyco- podium, Mercury, Phosphorus, Calcarea, Baryta-carbon, Rhus-tox., Staphysag, Ignatia, Ruta, Arnica, Aurum, Causticum, Kali-carb., Ledum., Nux Vomica, and Sepia. When there is a general unhealthy, yellow, or dry and parchment-like skin ; or a blue skin, with a general cold- ness, but a burning sensation in the tumor. Arsenicum. And Arsenicum is also indicated when there is thirst; a burning of the lips and throat; tumid abdomen, and a disposition to Anasarca. For hard, scirrhus indurations, particularly of the lip; or red shining and hot tumors, with soreness extending to the adjacent parts ; and when touching the tumor produces a burning sensation. Belladonna. For hard knots, resembling indurated, cutaneous glands; or tense, pale or red swellings, with heat; and a sting- ing pain produced by moving the part. Bryonia. For scirrhus tumors, or ordinary glandular enlarge- 296 homeopathic practice of medicine. ment, when there is a general itching, and a sore, pain- ful state of the skin. Conium.-macula.tam. When a tumor has ulcerated and discharges sour- smelling pus; and there is a throbbing and burning in the ulcer at night. Hepar-sulph. When there is a general hot, dry state of the skin, with a tendency to crack ; or when the tumor ulcerates, with a fistulous opening, surrounded with red, everted edges; or a hard, node-like tumor. Lycopodium. For tumors not inflamed ; or intense shining redness, with beating and stinging; or a suppurating glandular swelling. Mercurius. For painful, hard, blister-like tumors ; or tumors on the neck, chest, or thighs, having the appearance of boils; or indurated glands, with tensive drawing pains. Phosphorus. For a bluish-red swelling, with burning and throbbing; or a swelling with enlarged veins, of the appearance of a varix; and a biting, stinging sensation experienced in different parts, and changing from place to place; pains generally worse at night, or of tertian form (every second evening;) and pains generally relieved by pressure, exer- cise, external warmth, and open air. Pulsatilla. For ordinary Sarcoma, or suppurating tumors which are not inclined to heal; (vide Ruckert, p. 386.) Calcarea. For Steatoma, (encysted tumors with contents resem- bling suet;) for Sarcoma, (fleshy tumors;) or swelling and indurated glands, particularly when associated with prickings over the body, or a tingling sensation here and TUMORS AND SWELLINGS. 297 there ; pain and sensations more on the left side, and re- lieved by moving, or going into the open air. Baryta-carb. Ruckert cites a case in his " Therapeutics," where one drop of the above drug of the ninth potency, removed the pain and arrested the growth of a Steatomalous tumor on the neck of an old man, and also effected the removal of a painless Sarcoma located in the axilla (arm-pit), of a boy. For red, shining swellings, with a stinging, sore pain when touched; or glandular indurations, with smarting pain and erysipelatous inflammation ; or petechial spots, with debility. Rhus-tox. And Rhus-tox. is more especially indicated when there is a painful, bruised sensation in the limbs, and all the symptoms are aggravated during rest, or at night. For indurated, glandular swellings, with itching and sharp stitches in different parts of the body ; or carious and scorbutic ulcers and affections of the bones. Staph., Ignatia, Ruta. For a tumor or swelling caused by a mechanical inju- ry, with severe excruciating pain, or quick wandering pains from one part to another; fine pricking and sting- ing of the skin ; or a tremulous, weary and languid state. Arnica. For hard, bony tumors or nodosities on the head, anus or legs ; or scrofulous and mercurial glandular swellings; or cancerous ulcers with deep fissures. Aurum. And especially if the pain increases during rest and passes off upon rising; the patient is dejected, weary of life and melancholic. Iod. Potas. 298 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. For painful, inflamed, watery tumors ; or painful vari- cose tumors. Causticum, Kali-carb. If stitches are particularly characteristic. Kali-carb. For hot, tensive, hard swellings with lacerating pains; or painful arthritic nodosities. Ledum. For pale, red swellings; or ulcers with raised, pale, red edges and burning and itching ; and especially if the symptoms are worse early in the morning. Nux Vomica. For glandular, lymphatic, and scirrhous indurations, with general itching which becomes burning; particu- larly itching of the abdomen and genitals. Sepia. Administration.—Repeat the drug indicated accord- ing to the urgency of the symptoms; if the tumor or swelling is rapidly increasing in size, or very painful, the medicine may be advantageously administered every two, three, or four hours: but if the tumor is of a chronic character, rather indolent and not painful, it will suffice to repeat the drug once or twice a week. External Applications.—In many instances the ex- ternal use of the ssame drugs administered will be found beneficial; especially those of a narcotic character, such as Belladonna, Cornium, Rhus-tox., etc. If ulceration supervenes, Arsenicum, and Staphysegra, applied accord- ing to the directions in cancer and scirrhus will facilitate the cure. Diet and Regimen.—Strictly homoeopathic, particu- larly in regard to its compatibility with the drugs em- ployed. FUNGUS HEMATODES. 299 II. FUNGUS HAEMATODES. Fungus Hematodes, (from the Latin, fungus, and the Greek, blood or bloody appearing), or medullary sarcoma, was originally confounded with cancer, and is unques- tionably one of the most alarming diseases that flesh is heir to. When it attacks the eye, it commences in the posterior chamber? with the appearance of a piece of "polished iron presenting itself at the bottom ;" the pupil becomes dilated and immovable and changes to a greenish color ; the appearance of the eye continues to change until it presents one solid mass of disease, of a dark blue or livid hue. When it attacks the extremities it begins with a small, soft, elastic and colorless tumor which is free from pain or uneasiness at first; but soon severe, sharp, shooting pains are experienced in it, which become more and more frequent until they are incessant; the tumor loses its smoothness and projects irregularly from one or more points; the skin becomes of a livid red, and appears thin; and the tumor is spongy ; at which time a thin, bloody discharge takes place from small openings, through which small fungi protrude, rapidly increasing in size and fre- quently bleeding very profusely. The adjacent parts be- come red and tender, the. glands swell, assuming the ap- pearance of the primary tumor, and similar tumors appear on different parts of the body. The bones in the vicinity of the disease become carious, and the human fabric sinks beneath a mass of disease, unless arrested by appro- priate treatment at its commencement. Treatment.—The fallacy of relying upon Allopathy is 300 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. as apparent in this dangerous affection, as in Tumors and Swellings generally, and this assertion is supported by the most undoubted allopathic authority. Dr. Cooper gives, as a reason for considering it one of the most alarming diseases incident to the human body, that "we know of no specific remedy for it;" and he further says that " an operation can only be useful at a time when it is very difficult to persuade a patient to submit to it." (Vide his "Lexicon.") With a knowledge of the above facts, we may con- fidently assert, that although Fungus Hematodes is to be dreaded, we should not abandon it; because positive cures have been effected by homoeopathic treatment. The author cured one case of the most undoubted character, located on the right arm, with Belladonna and Conium. Ruckert also reports a case in his " Therapeutics," which was successfully treated with Phosphorus: the tumor ap- peared first on the thigh, near the hip, then a similar one on the left arm, and a third on the finger, all of which vielded to the same drug. In addition to Belladonna, Conium and Phosphorus; He- par-sulph., Lachesis, Angustura, Arsenicum and Carbo-veg., are worthy of consideration in the various stages con- forming to their pathogensis. Administration.—The Belladonna and Conium in the case referred to was administered once a day, and as each drug was indicated it was applied externally also; in the case cited by Ruckert, one dose of Phosphorus was allow- ed " to act a long time." EXOSTOSIS. 301 III. EXOSTOSIS. (A Bony Tumor.) Exostosis, (from the Greek from, and a bone,) is a mor- bid enlargement, or hard tumor, proceeding from a bone. These bony tumors more frequently appear on the head, lower jaw, and the bones of the extremities, and gener- ally proceed from the surface of the bones in the form of hard, round tumors. The venereal exostosis, or syphi- litic nodes is more frequently observed to arise from hard, compact bone, thinly covered with integument, such as the head, or shin. Causes.—They frequently appear independent of any assignable cause, but in many instances are traceable to wounds, bruises and contusions, syphilitic virus, and the abuse of mercury. Treatment.—For exostosis situated on the head, legs, or arms; a general sensitiveness to cold and a dejected, melancholic state. Aurum, Iodine. When there appears to be more of a swelling of the bones than exostosis proper; pains aggravated at night, or worse in cold weather. Rhus-tox. When the nodes are more of a gouty, or rheumatic character. Lycopodium, Phosphorus. When the swellings are painful; or pains in the bones of the skull, aggravated by contact. Mezeri. For homy and other excrescences, associated with the moral symptoms of ill-humor, a disposition to quarrel and taciturnity. Ranunculus. For syphilitic exostosis. Mercurius, Nitric-acid. 302 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When caused by the use of mercury. Hepar-sulph., Acid-nit. When caused by contusions and injuries.. Arnica, Ruta, Acid-sulph. Administration.—Give one dose a day of the drug selected, and thus continue nntil a favorable impression is produced; then administer the drug every second day, until a cure is effected. Diet and Regimen.—If the patient is weak and de- bilitated, the diet ought to be generous ; and restricted, if there is a disposition to plethora.* IV. RANULA. (Tumor under the Tongue.) Ranula. (From the Greek, a frog; so called from its resemblance to a frog, or because it makes the patient croak like a frog.) Ranula has been regarded by many as an enlargement of the Sublinguinal gland, and of course was treated ac- cordingly by Mercurial and Iodine alteratives, and deter- gent applications. A different, and far more sensible view has been entertained by some, which is now gene- rally conceived to be correct, viz.: that it simply consists in an obstruction of the excretory duct, which becomes distended, forming a sack filled with saliva ; and the only treatment necessary, is to puncture it; or to clip a piece out of it with a pair of curved scissors, and pressing out the contents, which very much resemble the white of an egg. * Iodine is a very good remedy in Exotosis. I saw a bony tumor, nearly of the size of a hen's egg, located in the Sti'rnum, (breast bone,) which was re- moved by the administration and application of Iodine. HERNIA. 303 I have thus radically cured several cases, all that came under my observation. I recently operated in a case that had been previously treated and operated upon by one of our most celebrated surgeons; his operation consisted in passing a ligature through the tumor (similar to a seton), but it was not successful. I operated as above described, and touched the edges with Nit.-Silvcr; the local inflammation of the cheek was subdued by one dose of Aconite, followed with Mercurius, night and morning, for two days only ; there is now no appearance of the tumor returning, and the patient is quite well. V. HERNIA. (Rupture.) Hernia. (From the Greek, a branch; so called from its protruding out of its place.) Hooper. By the term Hernia is understood a protrusion of some of the abdomi- nal viscera from their proper place, into a sac formed of a portion of the peritoneum, (the lining membrane of the abdominal cavity.) They more frequently appear in the groin, the navel, the labia pudendi, the upper and fore part of the thigh, and the scrotum ; although they have been known to present their appearance in various parts of the abdomen, aud also in the vagina, and perineum. The stomach, liver, spleen, uterus, and bladder, have oc- casionally formed the contents of a hernial sack, but geneially it is a portion of the intestine, or of the omen- tum, (a fatty membraneous viscous, which lies on the anterior surface of the intestine), or of both. When a portion of the intestine alone is contained in the hernial sac, it is termed Ejiterocele; if a portion of the omentum occupies the sac, it is termed Epiploccle; and 304 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. when both the intestines and omentum are involved in the hernia, it is termed Entero-epiplocele. Agajn, Hernia is named according to its situation or location; thus, when it protrudes from the abdominal ring, and appears in the groin, or labia pudendi, it is termed Bubonocele or Inguinal Hernia ; when the parts descend into the scrotum, it is named Scrotal Hernia ; when it takes place below pouparts-ligament, (a strong tendon, or ligament, running from the inferior, anterior spinous process of the ilium, or bone of the hip, to the pubes), it is named Crural or Femoral Hernia ; when it protrudes at the navel, it is termed Exomphalos or Um- bilical Hernia ; the term Ventral, is given to it when it appears at any other part of the abdomen. It is Con- genital, when it has existed from birth. Hernia is also divided by its condition, into Reducible, Irreducible, and Incarcerated or Strangulated Hernia. By the term Reducible, is understood one that is readily replaced, or put back upon into the abdomen. Irreducible is applied when there is no material con- striction, but when in consequence of adhesions, or the size of the tumor, compared with that of the opening through which it protrudes, it cannot be reduced. Incarcerated or Strangidated, in addition to irreducible, signifies constriction or strangulation; so that the part of the intestine involved, is fastened by a stricture which obstructs not only the passage of the contents of the in- testines, but the circulation of blood and other fluids; the parts inflame, become exceedingly painful and tender to the touch; obstinate constipation appears, and sometimes the contents of the bowels are vomited, and symptoms of the most alarming and fatal character ensue. HERNIA. 305 Diagnosis.—Hernia is generally distinguishable by its sudden appearance, and its change of size, being smaller when the patient lies on his back, and larger when he is erect, diminishing with pressure, and increasing again as the pressure is removed; it is also known by a flatu- lent state of the bowels which, with colic and constipa- tion is a common attendant.' If the case is an Enterocele, with a small portion of the intestine in the hernial sac, the tumor is correspondingly small, but firm, with little or no pain and tenderness ; coughing will produce a sen- sation similar to the blowing of wind into it, and the descent of the intestine or its return will, in most in- stances, produce a guggling noise, which, together with the other symptoms, distinguishes it from other tumors. Epiplocele, is distinguished from Enterocele, by the former being more flabby, unequal, indolent, compressible, and heavier than the other varieties. Causes.—According to good authority, there are pre- disposing and exciting causes ; of the former are preter- naturally large openings, through which the bowels are liable to protrude, and laxity of the margins of these openings and of the peritoneum. Want of natural resist- ance in the abdominal parieties necessarily promotes the occurrence of hernia, and when acted upon by a violent contraction of the abdominal muscles in feats of agility and violent exertions in lifting or otherwise, a hernia is very likely to be produced. Many have been ruptured by straining to procure a stool when the bowels were ob- stinately constipated, and also by the violent muscular contractions during parturition. Treatment.—The treatment of Rupture consists in 20 306 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. manipulations, mechanical appliances, and medical re- medies. Immediately upon the occurrence of Hernia, place the patient on his back with his hips moderately elevated; make gentle and continued pressure equally from the base and apex of the swelling, with the hand, pressing upward and occasionally making a rotary motion. These efforts must be persisted in, without remission, (if there is no reduction), for at least an hour; when the reduction is accomplished, keep the parts properly adjusted with suit- able compresses, bandages or a truss, and the patient quiet and in a recumbent posture for a reasonable length of time, to allow the local irritation to subside, and the parts to resume their natural strength. When the parts are not much inflamed, the application of cold water, or ice, will frequently assist the reduction ; and warm appli- cations, such as fomentations, will be found serviceable when inflammation is present, by relaxing the parts. Should the efforts at reduction prove unsuccessful, the tumor becomes exceedingly painful, and inflammation arise, no time must be lost in sending for a skillful sur- geon; for in all probability an operation is necessary to save the life of the patient. Among the remedies that have been successfully em- ployed in the cure of Hernia, are, Aconite, Aurum, Coccu- lus, Lycopodium, Nux Vomica, SUicea, Nitric-acid, Sulphur, Opium, Arnica, Rhus-tox., and Sul.-acid. If there is much fever present; the parts inflamed, and burning pains in the abdomen; extreme sensitiveness to the touch ; nausea and bilious vomiting. Aconite. If after one or two administrations of the Aconite, the HERNIA*. 307 vomiting still continues, or changes from bilious to sour vomiting. Sulphur. And Sulphur is especially indicated in painful inguinal Hernia; or the inflammation of incarcerated Hernia; or when the abdomen is distended, especially in the epigas- tric region, aud tender to the touch ; colicky pains, es- pecially after eating or drinking, which are relieved by sitting or lying in a bent position. For pressure in the right abdominal ring, as if hernia would protrude ; or painful protrusion of inguinal hernia; or for inguinal hernia in children. Aurum. For painful disposition to inguinal hernia, upon rising; or pain, as from hernia, when sitting, and going off when rising; abdomen distended, and flatulent colic. Cocculus. For inguinal hernia, with lacerating stitches in the her- nial region ; " grumbling and gurgling in the abdomen ;" hardened, sluggish stool, or an ineffectual urging. Lycopodium. For frequent protrusion of inguinal, femoral, or umbil- ical hernia; or a pressing toward the genital organs; bowels distended and constipated, with a bruised feeling and soreness of the abdominal muscles ; and for incarce- rated hernia, especially if the incarceration is caused by cold, irregular living, chagrin or anger. Nux-Vomica. For painful inguinal hernia; distension of the abdo- men ; hot, burning sensation in the bowels; pinching, colicky pain in the epigastrium, with constipation. Silex. 308 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. In case of strangulation or incarceration ; the abdomen distended and hard ; face red ; mind confused or lethar- gic ; putrid eructations of vomiting of fecal matter. Opium. And Opium should follow Nux-Vomica when the latter fails of success. Should the vomiting be attended with cold sweat, and coldness of the extremities ; the patient become sad and desponding; a slight delirium ensue. Veratrum. If symptoms of gangrene set in, give Lachesis, Arsenicum. For hernia of children, occasioned by crying and screaming. Aurum, Cocculus, Nux-Vomica, Nitric-acid. For hernia caused by a strain, or violent physical ex- ertion. Arnica, Rhus-tox., Sulph.-acid. For a disposition to hernia, give Amm.-Mur., Aurum, Cocculus, Nux-Vomica, Lycopodium, Phosphorus, Silex, and Sulphur. Administration.—When the symptoms are acute, the remedies indicated may be advantageously administered every ten, fifteen, or twenty minutes, until relief is ob- tained. In chronic cases, or where there are frequent protrusions, repeating the drugs every three or four hours, or even once a day will prove sufficient. When symptoms indicating a disposition to hernia exist, give the remedies, one dose a day, or every second day, in the order they stand, until the predisposition is removed. In cases demanding Arnica, (produced by a strain, bruise, or SWELLINGS. 309 fall,) apply the diluted tincture externally, by means of a compress or pledget of lint. Diet and Regimen.—While the patient is under treat- ment for the radical cure of hernia, or irreducible hernia, the diet should be restricted both in quality and quantity. The temperature of the apartment, and the position of the" patient should be in strict accordance with the ends to be accomplished. SWELLINGS. Swellings of the Face.—For swelling of the face or of one cheek, if attended with heat and pain of the part, or a tingling sensation, give Aconite and Bell, in alterna- tion every two or three hours, until there is an abate- ment of the symptoms. When the face is red and swollen, great heat and sensi- tive to the touch, or a tingling heat beneath the skin, give Belladonna every two or three hours. But when the swelling appears more like a bloated condition, the part rather soft and red, or of a pale yel- low appearance, give Bryonia as above. For a hot, red, shining and stiff swelling of the left cheek, give Arnica as above. For a swelling of one side of the cheeks, the swelling inclining to be hard and of a bluish appearance, give Chamomilla every two or three hours, and Chamomilla is particularly indicated if the swelling is attended with con- vulsive movements (twitchings) of the muscles of the face. 310 HOMEOPATHIC practice of medictne. When the swelling is attended with extreme tenderness and soreness of the inside of the cheek, and an increased flow of saliva, give Mercury every three or four hours. If the swelling is of an erysipelatous character, attended with biting, burning, stinging and itching give Belladonna as above. But if the part is covered with an eruption of a rough and scaly character, give Rhus-tox; if the erup- tion is pustular, resembling a pock, give Antim.-tart. But if the swelling is caused by tooth-ache, give the remedy indicated for the character of the toothache first, then the remedy for the peculiarity of the swelling. Administration.—If tinctures are used, mix from two to five drops in a tumbler half or two-thirds full of water, stir it well, and give from a teaspoonful to a tablespoon- ful at a time. If pellets are used, dissolve from ten to twelve in a similar amount of water, and administer simi- larly. If powders, (triturations or saturations,) place as much as will lay on the end of a penknife blade on the tongue, and let the patient take a draught of water after it, or it may be dissolved in water similar to the pellets, and given similarly. S1VELLING OF THE NOSE. For a swelling of the nose, with a violent ulcerative pain when touched, give Bryoniaevery three or four hours. For swelling of the nose in scrofulous persons, or swell- ing and redness of the right nostril, Aurum once a day. For scrofulous swelling of the nose, soreness of the nos- tril, or nostrils, ulcerated, Calc-carb. morning and evening, SWELLING OF THE LIPS. 311 and if associated with Catarrhal symptoms, Phos. once a day. For swelling of the tip of the nose, Kali-carb; it is also a very good remedy for sore, scurfy nostrils. For a swelling of the whole nose, redness and inflamma- tory itching of the tip of the nose, and swelling of the bones of the nose, give Mercurius morning and evening. For swelling of the nose, with purulent discharge and pain at the root of the nose, give Petroleum morning and evening. For swelling, attended with pressure at the root of the nose, or for an ulceration of the left wing of the nose, give Pulsatilla once or twice a day. For inflammation, pain and swelling of the nose, at- tended with a sore or ulcerated feeling of the nostrils, briny, fluent coryza, or dryness and stoppage of one nostril, give Sulph. morning and evening. Administration.—If the medicine selected is a tinc- ture, mix two or three drops in a tumbler half full of pure cold water, stir it well, and give from a teaspoon- ful to a tablespoonful at a dose. If it is in powder give as much as will lay on the point of a penknife blade at a dose; if pellets are used give two or three at a time. SWELLING OF THE LIPS. For swelling of the lips with dryness and a dryness of the tongue and mouth, give Aconite every three or four hours. But when the lips are swollen and ulcerated, give Aurum three times a day. 312 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When the swelling is hard and resembling scirrhous indurations, give Belladonna every four or six hours. When the lips are swollen and chapped, or covered with ulcerated patches, give Bryonia, as above. For swelling of the upper lip, or pimples on the upper lip, give Calc-carb. morning and evening. For swollen and chapped lips, Carbo.-veget., as above. For a swelling of the lips, when the swelling appears to be principally from the inside, the lips are everted and their mucous surface white or yellowish white, Causticum every three or four hours. For swelling of the lips appearing as from a bee sting, give Apis.-mel. every three or four hours. For a soft, red swelling of the upper lip, Mercurius. It is also good when attended with profuse salivation. When the swelling is caused by the abuse of mercury, give Hepar.-sulph. morning and evening. When caused by an injury, apply diluted Arnica; one part of the Tincture of Arnica to four or six of water. Administration.—Dissolve eight or ten pellets, or a small powder of the medicine selected, or if in tincture, mix two or three drops in a tumbler half full of water, stir it well, and administer as above ; giving from a tea- spoonful to a tablespoonful at a dose. SWELLING OF THE GLANDS OF THE NECK. For aswelling of theglands of the neck, give Belladonna and Mercuriusm alternation, once or twice in twenty-four hours. The first drug is best when the swelling is princi- SWELLINGS IN THE AXILLA. 313 pally of the sub-maxillary glands (the glands beneath the lower jaw.) For a knotted state of the glands of the neck, gi.ve Belladonna, Mercurius, Calc-carb., Kali-carb., Aethxisa, Cynapium, and Sulph.; give the remedies in the order as they are named, commencing with the Belladonna once a day for three or four days, then the next medicine for a like length of time, then the next; so continue them until they have all been given or a cure is effected. Administration.—Similar to the preceding directions. Diet and Regimen.—In most cases of swellings, or a hard and indurated state of the glands of the neck, they can be traced to a scrofulous diathesis (or taint), the system therefore,requires nourishing food, pure, wholesome air, cold sponging, and strict attention paid to cleanliness. SWELLINGS IN THE AXILLA. (Armpit.) For swell ing in the armpit, if attended with fever, give Aconite every three or four hours until the fever subsides, then give Baryta Carbonica in alternation with Belladonna, one in the morning the other in the evening. The latter remedy is more particularly indicated in cases of painful swellings of the left (axillary) glands. Should the swellings continue and appear of a decidedly scrofulous character, give Calc-carb. and Sulphur, the first in the morning and the latter at night, until a decided impression is made. If there should be a disposition to suppuration, give Hepar.-sulph, three times a day until remedied ; but if pus is already formed give SUicea, morn- ing and evening. 314 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Administration.—Mix two or three drops of the medicine, (if fluid), in a tumbler half full of water, stir it well, and give to a child a teaspoonful at a dose, and a tablespoonful to an adult; if the medicines are pellets or powders, lay two or three of the former, or a small powder of the latter, on the tongue, and swallow with a draught of water. Diet and Regimen.—In accordance with the ends to be accomplished by the remedies. SWELLINGS OF THE HANDS AND FINGERS. For swelling of the hands, attended with pain and a tingling sensation in the hands and fingers, or violent stitches produced by bending the fingers, give Aconite and Bryonia in alternation every three or four hours. But if the swelling is attended with a feeling of stiffness in the hands and fingers, give Belladonna two or three times a day. But if the swelling is attended with convulsive jerk- ing or cramps in the fingers, give Baryta-muriat. For swelling of the hands with cramps at night, or for hard nodosities of the finger joints, or numbness, or lame- ness of the fingers, give Calc-carb. morning and evening. For arthritic, hot swelling of the hands, give Cocculus. For swelling of the hand with tingling, as if it had gone to sleep, or pains darting through the bones of the fingers, Mezereum. For swellings resembling bunions, pains resembling those from a sprain, or for swelling attended with eruptive SWELLINGS OF THE HANDS AND FINGERS. 315 sores between the fingers, give Graphites morning and evening. For frequent swelling of the hands, especially if the skin of the hands are chapped, or if attended with stinging in the tips of the fingers, give Lachesis morningand evening. For swelling of the hands with numbness, or great dry- ness ofthe skin, or forred inflammatory swellings ofthe finger joints, give Lycopodium as above. For pale swelling of the hands and fingers, give Nux.- vom., and especially if there is a deadness of the hands or an itching of the finger joints. For swelling of the hands with arthritic stiffness of the joints ofthe wrist and fingers, or when the hands are cov- ered with chaps and. deep cracks, give Petroselinum once a day. For swelling ofthe hands, the back ofthe hand is hot and smarts, give Rhus.-tox. three times a day. For swelling of the hands attended with redness and swelling ofthe fingers as if frozen, or the hands covered with deep fissures (cracks) in the skin, especially about the joints of the fingers, give Sulphur morning and evening. Administration.—If the remedy selected is in form of tincture, mix three or four drops in a tumbler half full of cold water, stir it well, and give from a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful at a dose. If pellets are used, give three or four at a dose, or you may dissolve ten or twelve in a like quantity of water (mentioned above), stir well, andgivein similar doses. But if powders are used they may be given dry on the tongue, or dissolved in a draught of water. 310 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. External Applications. —In many instances, shield- ing the part from the air by means of India rubber gloves, or a bandage of oiled silk, will tend very materially to ad- vance the cure; and when the skin is dry and cracked, there is no objection to the use of sw7eet cream, a little simple cerate or mutton tallow, simply to lubricate. Diet and Regimen.—Of course, must be in accordance with Homoeopathic treatment. SWELLING OF THE FEET AND TOES. For an inflamed swelling of the feet, attended with in- ternal and external heat, Aconite three times a day. For arthritic swelling of the feet, swelling attended with redness and heat, the pain and soreness increased by motion, give Bryonia every three or four hours. For hard, shining swelling of the feet, with dark, pur- ple blisters on the back of the feet, give Arsenicum morn- ing and evening. For painful lymphatic swelling of the feet, and es- pecially if the feet have a disagreeable smell, Baryta- carb. twice a day. For the ordinary oedema of the feet, Bell, and Bryonia in alternation every three or four hours, or Apis Mel. For hot, itching swelling of the feet, especially in the evening, give Cocculus, morning and evening. For painful swelling of the feet with coldness, give Conium once or twice a day. For swelling of the feet and toes, attended with red- ness, itching and burning, give Agaricus once a day. swellings of a peculiar character. 317 For swelling ofthe feet in the evening, with ulcerative pain in the soles, or icy cold feet, give Phos. once a day, or in alternation with Petroselinum. For swelling of the feet, with creeping in the feet when standing, or prickling and burning, or tingling in soles, give Sepia once a day. For swelling ofthe right foot, or swelling ofthe feet, accompanying other complaints, coldness ofthe feet, or cracked skin between the toes, give Lachesis once a day. For painless swelling of the feet, or inflammatory swelling of an erysipelatous character, or when the feet are covered with an eruption, give Rhus-tox morning and evening. For swelling ofthe feet with coldness and stiffness of the toes, or thick, shining swellings of the toes, give Sulph. every evening. Administration.—As previously directed. SWELLINGS OF A PECULIAR CHARACTER. For swellings, attended with fever and nervous irrita- bility, and an aggravation of the pain and symptoms at night, give Aconite and Belladonna in alternation every three or four hours; but if there is an aggravation of the pains in the afternoon, and the parts are extremely sensi- tive, give the latter drug every three or four hours. For shining, red swellings, pains or a rheumatic char- acter, or a tensive lacerating pain upon moving the part, give Bryonia as above. For swellings which suppurate and are attended with a burning pain, Carbo.-veg. morning and evening. 318 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. For swellings which appear suddenly, rather white, or white with a pink areola, somewhat resembling swell- ings arising from the sting of an insect, Apis-mel. every two or three hours. For swellings of a dropsical character, give Arsen, Hel- leborus-niger, Apocynum-can. and Rhus-tox; if attended with a burning sensation and thirst give Arsenicum every four or six hours; if the parts are covered with a fine rash or quite red in appearance, give Helleborus-niger. In the absence of the specific symptoms named, give Apocynum-can.; but if the patient complains of heat in spots, and dull aching, obtuse pains, pains deep seated, give Rhus-tox. Administration.—Mix five or six drops of the medi- cine (if tinctures are used) in a tumbler half full of cold water, and give from a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful at a dose. If pellets are used, give three or four at a time, or dissolve ten or twelve in a like quantity of water and give similarly; if powders are used, give them dry on the tongne. CANKER SORE MOUTH. (Stomacace.) The above term is generally applied to a condition arising from gastric disturbance, and is frequently charac- terized by loss of appetite, some nausea, and general lassitude. It is not uncommon, however, to meet with it when no other apparent morbid condition exists, nor any other symptom than those arising from the condition of the parts involved and its consequent inconvenience. It simply consists in an inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membrane of the inside ofthe mouth; the in- CANKER SORE MOUTH. 319 flammation extending in some instances to the sub- mucous cellular tissue. Treatment.—For canker sore mouth, attended with a burning and smarting, the cankers appearing of a grayish color, or if the gums are swollen and recede fromtheteeth, intense burning and smarting, and an increased flow of saliva (constant spitting), and an unpleasant odor from the mouth, give Mercurius, unless the condition was caused by the injudicious use of the drug named, if so, give Hpar- sulph., repeating it at intervals of four or six hours ; should that fail to cure, give Acid.-nit. three times a day. For canker sores, or an apthous condition, foetid smell and dryness ofthe mouth and tongue, give Arsenicum two or three times a day. For large patches in the inside of the cheek of a buffy (yellowish) color, or when on the edges of the tongue, fauces or palate, or if the cankers are bluish, give Aurum morning and evening. But when the sores are more like little blisters and located on the side of the tongue, attended with burn- ing pain and heat in the mouth, give Calc-carb. every eight hours. When the ulceration is of the palate, or it is a white canker on the tip of the tongue, give Drosera, morning and evening. For painful vesicles all over the inner mouth, covering the tongue and gums, give Kali-carb. morning andevening. When the apthous sores are on the inside of the cheek, and the tongue is dotted with yellowish spots, give Petro- leum once or twice a day. 320 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. For small, red bleeding dots on the tongue, and sore- ness ofthe mouth, give Phos. once a day. For an apthous condition of the mouth with burning pain and vesicles around the mouth, give Sulphur morn- ing and evening. But when there is a pustular condition (small, yellow, mattery-appearing dots) with much smarting, give An- timonij-tart. three times a day. For white-appearing canker on the inside of the lips, or cheeks and edges of the tongue, or if they extend to the palate and throat, Causticum three times a day. Administration.—If the medicines are tinctures, mix three or four drops in a tumbler half full of cold water, stir well, and give, to an adult, a dessert-spoonful; but if they are pellets, lay two or three on the tongue, and allow them to dissolve; if powders are used, place a small powder on the tongue and swallow with a draught of water. CANKER SORE THROAT. Canker Sore Throat may arisefrom gastric derangement, or from constitutional causes, such as a consumptive or scrofulous diathesis, or from cold, particularly during the springandautumnalmonthSjinconsequenceofsuddentran- ; sition from cold to warm, and from wet to dry. This last 1 cause generally produces the ordinary inflammatory sore I throat, which sometimes becomes cankered by the inflam- mation extending to the tissue beneath the mucous sur- / face. It is also frequently met with during the prevalence ; of some ofthe eruptivefevers,especiallyScarlatina, which would lead us to suppose that specific contagion may have CANKER SORE THROAT. 321 something to do with its appearance at those times. In families where one or two are sick with scarlet fever, it is not uncommon for the other members of the household, even to servants, to have a cankered sore throat bearing a close resemblance to the form usual ly attending scarlatina. Treatment.—The principal remedies are, Aconite, Bel- ladonna, Mercurius, Lachesis, Calcarea-carb., Causticum, Drosera, Nit.-acid. Amtimony-tart., and Sulph. Aconite and Belladonna should be given during the first stages when it is strictly inflammatory, with swelling and burning. Mercurius is the remedy when the cankers are of a gray- ish color, and especially if the tonsils are much ulcerated, the fauces and throat externally sensitive, and difficulty in swallowing. Lachesis, when it is attended with a tingling sensation in the palate and tonsils. Causticum, when the cankers are white, looking like dots of chalk, appearing superficial, and not attended with swelling. Antimony-tart., when the cankers appear elevated, and inclining to yellow. Nitric-acid, when attended with much stinging and burning, and particularly if the condition is traceable to the abuse of mercury. Drosera, when there is an ulceration of the palate, great difficulty in swallowing solid food. The Protiodide of Mercury, and many other remedies, have been recommended as very efficient in cankered and 21 322 - HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. ulcerated throats, but I seldom find it necessary to go beyond Antimony-tart, and Mercurius, these remedies sel- dom failing to effect a cure. Administration.—Give the remedy selected two or three times a day. If tinctures are used, mix two or three drops in a tumbler half full of cold water, stir it well, and give, to an adult, a tablespoonful at a dose; to a child give a teaspoonful. If pellets or powders are used, lay three or four of the former on the tongue, and allow them to dissolve, or a small powder similarly. Diet.—The food should be nourishing, and of a bland, unirritating character. CHAPTER XII. I. EPILEPSIA. (Epilepsy.) Epilepsia. (From the Greek, to seize upon ; so called from the suddenness of its attack.) It is also called the falling sickness, because the patient suddenly falls when seized with it, and was termed by the ancients the sacred disease, because it affected the mind. It consists of clo- nic convulsions, with stupor, spasmodic twitching of the muscles of the face, and frothing at the mouth; and is divided by Cullen into as many distinct varieties as there are common causes capable of producing it. Diagnosis.—The attack frequently comes on without any premonitory symptoms or assignable cause. But sometimes there are certain symptoms preceding the par- oxysms, such as a peculiar confused state of the head, giddiness, dimness of sight, vertigo, sounds and ringing in the ears, precordial oppression, restlessness, starting during sleep, confused mind, difficult articulation, and a change in the moral disposition, just previous to the attack; some evincing timidity, while others are spiteful, resentful, and mischievous. Spasmodic twitches of the muscles of the face sometimes appear a few seconds pre- ceding the attack. Some Epileptics are always warned of the approach of an attack by a peculiar sensation termed the " aura epileptica^ which is compared by pa- tients to the sensation produced by a current of air or 323 324 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. water running from the feet and legs, and gradually as- cending until it reaches the head; when the patient be- comes insensible and the convulsion sets in ; others have a premonitory warning symptom similar to a fright, or sudden shock. If the patient is sitting or standing, when the attack occurs, he suddenly falls, becomes perfectly insensible and is more or less convulsed; the eyes roll, lips and eye- lids are convulsed; the face fearfully distorted; the tongue frequently thrust out ofthe mouth, and severely bitten by the gnashing of the teeth ; the thumbs are pressed in upon the palms of the hands, and the whole frame is vio- lently agitated; the face is generally livid, attended with a congested state of the vessels of the neck ; the heart beats violently, and the respiration is oppressed. This condition lasts for an indefinite period, from a few sec- onds to half or three-quarters of an hour, when the spasms begin to abate, the breathing becomes freer, the pulse fuller and more regular, and the patient appears to be in a stupor or sleep, in which he remains for some time, and generally awakes from it in a confused and torpid state of mind. The spasms are clonic, spasmodic, twitching, jerking, distorting, and thereby differ from the tonic, cramping, tetanic spasm. Causes.—The causes of Epilepsy are very numerous; some act directly upon the brain and others by metastasis, through the medium ofthe nervous system. Ofthe former are exostosus ofthe inner table ofthe skull, spiculae, or depressed portions of bone, (two cases of which occurred in my own practice, and another is reported by Dr. Rogers, of New York, which was effectually cured by the applica- tion ofthe trephine,) or a morbid condition of the cere- EPILEPSY. 325 bral mass itself, (a case of which I saw in consultation with the attending physician ; it terminated in death, and a " post-mortem " exhibited an ossification of nearly two- thirds of the right hemisphere of the brain.) Of the latter, (those which act secondarily,) are deranged states ofthe stomach and bowels, caused by irritating and crude articles of food or fruit taken into the stomach ; vermin- ous irritation of the bowels; repelled cutaneous eruptions; suppressed habitual discharges ; debility ; and in females hysterical affections, such as irritations of the womb by misplacements, and retained, painful or suppressed men- struation, (which occurring about every twenty-eight days led the ancients to believe the disease to be under the influence ofthe moon ;) mental causes, such as terror, grief and fear. I regret to say that some of the most serious cases are caused by secret indulgences practiced by the youth of both sexes. Treatment.—In commencing the treatment of Epi- lepsy it isimportant to inquire into the state of the natural functions, appetite, digestion and nutrition ; also into the secretions and excretions ; and lastly, if the patient is a female, into the functions of the uterus, particularly as regards menstruation ; for it is utterly impossible to treat this disease successfully without first directing the drug to the primary local focus of irritation wherever it may be situated. When it is caused by depressed portions or spiculae of bone, it is more within the province of the surgeon than physician. Aconite, Belladonna, Hyosciamus, Cham., Coffea, Ciculae, Ignatia, Nux-Vomica, Cocculus, China, and Ipecac, are the principal remedies in this affection. 326 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When Epilepsy occurs in a full plethoric habit, re- strict the diet and give Aconite. When caused by debility. China, Ferrum. When caused by teething. Cham., Coffea. When caused by irritation of the stomach. Antimony-crud. When caused by intestinal irritation from the common round worm. Cina and Belladonna, in alternation. When caused by intestinal irritation from the small pin- worm. Teucrium and Belladonna, in alternation. When caused by retention of the menses. Pulsatilla and Sulphur. When it occurs at the period of change of life, and is consequent upon the irregularity or final cessation. Lachesis. When caused by painful menstruation (dysmenorrcer). Belladonna, Cocculus, Coffea. When caused by mental emotions such as grief. Ignatia, Phos.-acid, Staphysagria. When caused by anger or chagrin. Nux-Vomica. and Ignatia. When caused by anguish, fright or fear. Ignatia, Opium, Pulsatilla, Artem. When caused by excessive joy. Coffea, Opium, Pulsatilla. And when caused by excessive sexual indulgence or by onanism. Phosphorus, Staphysagria. When the primary irritation has been considered, and the drug indicated by the condition has been adminis- APOPLEXY. 327 tered, if the attacks continue, then the appearance and character ofthe convulsion must direct the drug. When there is violent spasmodic contortion of the limbs; teeth clenched; interrupted breathing; face livid; foaming at the mouth. Cicute. When the attack occurs generally during the night with starting, and convulsions of the limbs; face very pale, suddenly changing to red ; or dark red face, with staring eyes and spasms of them ; pupils dilated ; breath- ing laborious and irregular ; when previous to the attack there is a degree of somnolency, stupidity, or lethargy; and the patient is troubled with starting, as if frightened. Belladonna. When the convulsions are more prone to return in the evening, with one side more acted upon than the other; the thumbs are clenched; patient foams at the mouth, and the spasms are more like a subsultus (twitching) than convulsion. Hyosciamus. When the attack commences by the patient's crying out; the head is drawn backwards; face red and bloated; features distorted; limbs violently convulsed; and pre- vious to the attack there is a confusion ofthe head, with a difficulty of thinking or acting correctly. Nux-Vom. And the last drug is also especially indicated when the attack is in the morning, and occurs periodically. I cured a case in a female, aged twenty-six, of full habit, that had resisted the use of Allopathic treatment for upwards of four years; menstruation was partially suppressed from cold. She experienced a peculiar, un- comfortable feeling of the whole body, which she could not describe, with coldness, heaviness ofthe head, and a 328 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. disposition to nausea. When the attacks came on, she appeared in a perfect rage, frothing at. the mouth, with a heavy, rattling breathing, and tremulous convulsions. At first I gave Pulsatilla and Sulphur for two weeks, of each, one dose a day, morning and evening; then gave Camphor in five grain doses, of the first trituration, once a day, which perfected a cure in six weeks. Since which there has not been a return ofthe symptoms for a period of nearly a year; the attacks occurred frequently every day, and always as often as two and three times a week. Administration.—In Chronic cases, or rather those of long standing, it is not necessary to repeat the drugs oftener than every day, and sometimes once or twice a week; but in more recent attacks it will frequently be found necessary to repeat them every three or four hours, particularly if there are successive attacks at short in- tervals. Diet and Regimen.—Should the patient be of a full and plethoric habit, the diet ought to be restricted both in quantity and quality. But should the attack occur in a debilitated subject, it must then be generous and nutri- tious, and in strict accordance with the ends to be accom- plished by the medicines. Exercise should be moderate, and anything tending to excitement strictly avoided. II. APOPLEXY. Apoplexy, (derived from the Greek, to strike, or Icnoclc down, because persons, when seized with this disease, fall down suddenly.) It is defined as a sudden loss or sup- pression of sensorial functions and voluntary motion, APOPLEXY. 329 attended with a slow, full pulse and laborious and some- times stertorous breathing. Diagnosis.—This disease frequently comes on sud- denly, without any warning of its approach, particularly to thoseof a full habit, or of a goutydiathesis. But gener- ally there are premonitory symptoms, such as vertigo; a dull pain and sense of weight in the head, particularly on stooping,or by any sudden motion ofthe head ; throbbing of the temporal arteries; sparks before the eyes ; ringing in the ears; a stiffness of the tongue, with difficulty in articulating; confused ideas; drowsiness, and heavy sleep. These symptoms may continue for some length of time, • previous to the apoplectic seizure, and become considera- bly aggravated before the attack; at other times the attack may come on suddenly, the patient sinking instan- taneously into a profound stupor, from which it is impos- sible to rouse him ; his breathing becomes heavy and stertorous; pulse full and slow; the face is sometimes livid, but generally rather pale; the pupils of the eyes are dilated; and sometimes the patient has the natural appearance of a person in a sound sleep. Causes.—Some persons are by physical conformation predisposed to apoplexy. Such as have large heads, thick, short necks, broad shoulders, with a tendency to plethora and cerebral determinations, are particularly liable to its attacks. And whatever tends to produce plethora, or congestion ofthe brain, increases the liability. The following are among the remote and exciting causes, viz.:—excessive use of intoxicating drinks; over- taxing the stomach by immoderate eating; violent exer- 330 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. tions ; increased heat to the head by exposure to the sun or otherwise ; repelled cutaneous eruptions ; suppressed habitual discharges; mental emotions, such as grief, fear, terror, anger, and joy; concussion of the brain, by blows or injuries to the head from falls, etc.; excessive evacua- tions, either by spontaneous haemorrhage, or the too free use of the instrument (handled so dexterously by some) termed the Lancet} narcotic poisons, and the inhalation of noxious vapors. Treatment.—When there is a predisposition to apo- plexy, by physical conformation ; strict temperance must be practiced in all things relating directly or indirectly to the patient. When the face is flushed ; eyes injected; dull, heavy, headache; roaring in the ears. Belladonna. When the pain in the head is severe; full pulse and numbness ofthe limbs; or an occasional twitching. Aconite, Nux Vomica. When the patient lies as if in a profound sleep; face of natural appearance ; pulse slow, and not increased in volume. Opium* When caused by a blow or fall. Arnica. * I had the satisfaction within the last fortnight, of bringing an aged and highly esteemed lady out of an apoplectic state, with a single dose of Opium. She had lain in a profound sleep for forty-eight hours, from which it was impossible to arouse her; the pulse was nearly natural, (rather slow,) and the extremities were cold. The drug was administered as follows: Two drops of Tinct. Opium, (Laudanum) were mixed in a tumbler two-thirds filled with cold water, and a teaspoonful given, which in less than fifteen minutes had the desired effect, to the great delight of her friends, who were watching her with the most intense anxiety. PARALYSIS. 331 When caused by suppressed menstruation from cold; first, Pulsatilla and Sulphur; then Opium, or Belladonna. When caused by repelled eruptions. Sulphur, Ipecac When caused by debilitating losses. China. When caused by anger. Nux-Vomica, Ignatia. When caused by fright. Ignatia, Pulsatilla, Artemisia. When caused by excessive joy. Opium, Coffea. When caused by narcotic poison, or the inhalation of noxious vapors,—vide list of remedies and. their anti- dotes, and the Chapter on Poisons. Administration.—To correct the habit and remove the premonitory symptoms, give the drug indicated once or twice a day. If the symptoms appear urgent however, they may be repeated every three or four hours ; during an attack the remedies should be repeated every three hours, until a favorable change becomes manifest. And, in addition, great benefit is derived from cold ap- plications to the head, and stimulating ones to the ex- tremities ; as they aid in establishing an equilibrium in the circulating fluids. Diet and Regimen.—The same as in "Epilepsy." III. PARALYSIS. (Palsy.) Paralysis, (from the Greek, to loose or weaken.) An entire loss or diminution of voluntary motion, sometimes accompanied with drowsiness. When the disease is con- fined to a particular muscle, it is termed Paralysis partia- lis; when to one side, longitudinally, Paralysis hcmiple- gica ; when to one half of the body, transversely, Paral- ysis paraplcgica. 332 homeopathic practice of medicine. Diagnosis.—Palsy usually comes on with a sudden loss of motion and sensibility of the part; but sometimes it is preceded by premonitory symptoms, such as a degree of numbness, coldness, paleness, and slight convulsive stitches. When the head is much affected, the eye and mouth are drawn to one side, and there is a difficulty in articulating, and frequently a flow of saliva from one side of the mouth ; when the limbs are affected, the muscles become thin and flaccid. Causes.—The predisposing causes of pal sy, particularly of that form which arises from an affection ofthe grand nervous centre, (the brain,) are not dissimilar to those of Apoplexy; and there are forms which are unquestionably consequent upon the latter disease. A morbid condition ofthe cerebral mass, or pressure by turgescence; effusion, or extravasation; encysted tumors, etc., ramollissement, (softening of the brain,) and anything that prevents a free circulation; the pressure of a tumor; distension; effusion; the pressure upon the nerves by dislocation; fractures, or external wounds; the drying up of old ulcers; repelled cutaneous eruptions, particularly scald head, {Tinea Ca- pitis.) and injuries of the spine by a strain or fall, are among the most prominent causes of Palsy. Treatment.—When this disease occurs in a full ple- thoric habit, give a few doses of Aconite. Should it con- tinue, and if there is reason to suspect effusion or extra- vasation. Arnica. If the paralysis is semilaterial, or of the lower limbs, with a tingling sensation in the paralysed parts; or if the paralysis is complete; languor; great debility and sensi- tiveness to cold weather. Rhus-tox. paralysis. 333 When the inferior extremities are paralyzed; trembling of the limbs or sudden jerking, or shocks similar to those from electricity; emaciated limbs; rapidfailingof strength and sensitiveness to cold air. Nux-Vomica, Cocculus. And Nux-Vomica is especially indicated when there is continual drowsiness during the day, particularly after eating ; an apprehensive state of the mind, and sensitive- ness to external impressions. For paralysis of the left arm, rendering it useless ; or a numbness, coldness, and tingling sensation. Aconite. For paralysis of the left side, or of one arm ; and when the symptoms are aggravated during rest. Lachesis. For partial paralysis of the arm, with pain and ting- ling numbness of the hands ; and a paralytic weakness of the inferior extremities, producing a staggering gait. Veratrum. For general paralysis, or paralysis of a limb or single muscle; when the skin appears unusually white, or in- clines to sallow; the gums bluish; very scanty, and almost completely suspended secretion of urine ; bowels obstinately constipated. Plumbi-carb. For paralysis, with tremor ofthe limbs; the skin dis- posed to blister, and appear gangrenous; dullness of mind, and want of memory. Conium-maculatum. For paralysis of the eye-lids. Spigelia, Sepia. For paralysis ofthe muscles ofthe face. Causticum, Graph., Opium. For paralysis of the tongue and organs of speech. Belladonna, Hyos., Lachesis. 334 homeopathic practice of medicine. For paralysis of the fingers. Calc-carb., Cocculus, Nat.-mur. For paralysis caused by debility from loss of fluids. China, Ferrum. For paralysis caused by suppressed eruptions, or habit- ual discharges. Lachesis, Sulphur, Causticum. For paralysis secondary to Rheumatism. Bryonia, Rhus-tox., Arnica. For paralysis caused by Apoplexy. Ipecac, Lachesis, Lycopodium. For paralysis caused by a blow, strain, or wound. Arnica. Galvanism and electricity have also been very advan. tageously employed in Palsy. Administration.—Palsy, as a general thing, is not an acute disease, and does not require a repetition of the drug oftener than once or twice a day; and in old pro- tracted cases, once or twice a week will answer far better. But in a sudden attack of complete paralysis, the drug indicated may be advan tageously repeated every three or four hours. Diet and Regimen.—The same as in Apoplexy and Epilepsy. Particular attention must be paid to the warmth ofthe paralyzed part, by warm flannel clothing and friction, by means of a flesh brush or coarse crash towel.* * I am now treating a case of "Paralysis Paraplegica" with Secale Cornutum, with the moit surprising effect. The patient is a lady, aged thirty-six; has been paralyzed feince the second day of last February, a period of eight months, when I was called to see her and regularly treated during the time by a chorea. 335 IV. CHOREA. (Sancti Viti.) St. Vitus' Dance, (so called because some devotees of St. Vitus danced so long that their intellects became dis- ordered and could only be restored by dancing again at the anniversary of St. Vitus,) is a convulsive twitching motion of the limbs, generally confined to one side or limb, although I have seen a case in which all the muscles appeared affected, even those of the tongue and throat. Diagnosis.—The approach of this disease is gradual, and with a variety of premonitory symptoms evincing a deranged state ofthe digestive organs and nervous system; such as slight flatulent pains in the stomach and bowels; variable appetite ; constipation ; tremors and a languid number of very respectable Allopathic Physicians, but all to no purpose. From her waist down she had no motion or sensation, with no control over the action of her bowels or urinary organs; large ulcers and gangrenous sloughs covered the space between the hips and upper part of her thighs, the os sacrum entirely bare, and the bones of her heels protruding in consequence of a slouch- ing of the integuments; her limbs might have been amputated, and the ulcers seared with a red hot iron, without her knowing it, (so complete was the par- alysis of the part;) dropsical accumulation had taken place pretty generally; the abdomen was distended; face bloated; and inferior extremities anasarcous. I gave three drops of the ordinary tincture of the above remedy three times a day, increasing it one drop every second day, until ten drops were given at a dose. She had not taken it over five or six days, before she suffered agonizing pains in her limbs, and the ulcers became so exceedingly sensitive, that she could not endure a wash composed of five drops of Kreosote, in a tea cup two- thirds full of water, which was used for the purpose of cleansing them ; they are now healing rapidly, and filling in with healthy granulations; the swelling has disappeared from her face, abdomen, and extremities, which are becom- ing very sensitive; and we have every reason (judging from her rapid im- provement) to anticipate a full recovery, for which I am under many obliga- tions to my friend, Dr. W. Stewart, of this city, who suggested to me the treatment. 336 homeopathic practice of medicine. state ofthe extremities ; occasional vertigo; palpitation, with oppression of the chest; fullness in the head; confu- sion, with visual illusions; and a variable state of the mind. After this deranged state of health has existed for some length of time, irregular, spasmodic, muscular contrac- tions and twitches are observed in the face or one of the extremities. At first they are only noticed when the mind appears agitated, oi a sudden motion or attempt is made, to accomplish any particular thing; they gradually become stronger and more frequent until at times every muscle appears to be in a state of continual involuntary action. The contraction of the muscles of the face pro- duces expressions varying from the extreme of the ludi- crous, to that of the frightful. Causes.—The principal exciting causes of Chorea are mental emotions; such as terror,disappointed love, and religious enthusiasm; intestinal irritations by worms, repelled eruptions, such as psora and tinea capitis ; dental irritation; and suppressed menstruation. It is very prone to occur at or about the age of puberty and generally disappears when that action becomes fully established. It is a common symptom with some ladies during preg- nancy, and with others during parturition. It is said that vegetable and mineral poisons such as Stramonium, Mercury, and Lead, have also produced it. Treatment.—When this disease occurs in young per- sons with bright red cheeks,and a disposition to plethora; and especially in young females about the age of puberty or during the catamenia, from fright or chagrin; fitful humor, sadness, depression, irritability, and despair alter- nating with gayety, singing, dancing and laughing. Aconite. CHOREA. 337 When the spasms are preceded by a creeping sensation in the muscles, with tingling and a feeling of swelling and numbness of the limbs ; colicky pains, with pressure extending to the head, particularly in young girls. Belladonna. When the convulsive movements are principally in the limbs ; jerking and twitching continuing in sleep ; a con- stant uneasiness during the day ; restless tossing about and the patient is irresolute, dissatisfied and inclined to melancholy. Cuprum. When the convulsive movements are very violent, curv- ing the body ; or the limbs are violently thrown about; sudden starting from sleep : or sleeplessness, from great nervous excitement; and all the symptoms rather aggra- vated in the evening. Hyosciamus, Stramonium. When the disease is preceded or accompanied with a sensation of numbness; the spasmodic movements violent, with frequent distortions of the features. Nux- Vomica. And Nux-Vomica is more especially indicated when it occurs in boys. When there is great weariness of the limbs ; debility, and a disposition to remain quiet; one side more affected than the other ; the head inclined to be drawn back, and great sensitiveness to the open air. Rhus-tox. When there is a disposition to sound sleep ; stupefac- tion of the head ; strange fancies ; the patient is loqua- cious, laughs, cries, dances, and sings, and the features rapidly change from mirth to despondency and fright. Stramonium. When caused by too frequent bathing. Rhus-tox. 22 338 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When caused by Onanism or immoderate sexual indul- gence. Phosphorus, Slaphysag. When caused by debility. Ferrum, China. When caused by Mercury. Hepar-Sulph. When caused by Lead. Platina, and Opium, in alternation. When caused by Stramonium. Nux-Vomica,* and Vegetable acid. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated every four or six hours. If the disease is of long standing, once a day is sufficient, or even twice a week will some- times answer better. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be in strict ac- cordance with the ends to be accomplished. If the patient is of full habit, inclining to plethora, it must be restricted both in quality and quantity ; but if it occurs in a weak, delicate constitution, or from debility, the diet ought to be generous. V. TETANUS. Tetanus. (From the Greek, to stretch.) Spasm, with rigidity ofthe muscles ofthe entire body. It is divided into four varieties. When the body is thrown back by the spas- modic contraction ofthe muscles, it is termed Opisthotonos; when the body is bent forward, Emprosthotonos ; when drawn to either side, Pleurothotonos; and when the spasm is confined to the muscles of the jaw and throat, Trismus. * The most complete ease I ever saw I treated successfully with Ferrum and Nux- Vomica. The patient was a pretty little girl of fair complex- ion, with dark hair and eyes, extremely delicate and about eight years old. TETANUS. 339 or Lockjaw. It consists in the most violent tonic spasms of the voluntary muscles, with little or no weakening of the powers of sensation. Diagnosis.—The approach of Tetanus is generally gradual, and preceded by the following premonitory symptoms; an uneasy sensation is experienced in the chest; slight spasmodic twitching ofthe muscles of the throat; difficulty in swallowing; stiffness ofthe muscles of the neck and shoulders; the muscles of the jaws be- come rigid, but not sufficiently so at first to prevent the patient from opening his mouth to some extent; the con- traction, however, increases until the teeth are firmly pressed against each other; severe pain and retraction of the epigastrium set in, returning at intervals of five, ten, or fifteen minutes, with the most frightful spasmodic contraction of every muscle of the body, producing the most intense agony; the countenance becomes distorted, pulse irregular and quick, respiration hurried, voice un- natural, eyes dim, and the "jaws immovably locked." Causes.—There are several causes enumerated by au- thority; such as inordinate excitement ofthe perspiratory functions; sudden application of cold; calculous irritation of the bladder; drinking largely of cold water when in a state of excitement from exercise; the application of caustic to ulcers; the removal of tumors; and gangrenous, contused, lacerated, and punctured wounds; the insertion of an artificial pivot tooth; the injury of a nerve during a surgical operation; or the amputation of a limb; and it is said frequently to occur among infants. There is no doubt in my mind that wounds are by far the most frequent cause; it also appears to be favored by certain atmospheric 340 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. conditions. What these are, of course we know not, but, nevertheless, it is a fact; for the majority of cases I saw, occurred in one season, and within a few weeks of each other. Three were from inj uries of the scalp, two of which were very trifling, and the other a mere laceration, forming a flap of about an inch and a half long, and of similar width; two were from slight punctured wounds in the foot; one from a contused wound of the foot, of itself far from being considered serious; one from the puncture of a needle, breaking, and leaving a part of it in the wrist; and another case followed the operation upon external haemorrhoidal tumors. Symptoms of it were very prone to set in upon the slightest injury, and to follow quite minor surgical operations, and the idea is strengthened by the very frequent or endemic occur- rence of it in southern climates—at Java, Cayenne, and the Antilles, as described by Hillary, and others. Treatment.—Thefirst step in thetreatmentof Tetanus should be to inquire into the character ofthe cause, and to remove, as far as possible, the presence of irritating par- ticles of grit, rust, dirt, spiculae of bone, needles, or what- ever foreign substance may be in contact with the nerves, tendons, or fascie; for, in many instances, the spasms will disappear upon the removal of an irritating foreign body. I have in several instances seen well developed symptoms of Tetanus pass off by removing a part of a needle from the hand, wrist, and thumb, and pieces of glass from the foot, which were completely imbedded between the plan- taris fascie and the bones ofthe foot. When caused by punctured, lacerated, or contused wound, remove (as previously stated) all irritating sub- stances from the wound, and give Arnica. tetanus. 341 And keep constantly applied to the wound, pledgets of lint, wet in diluted Tinct. of Arnica, (one part of the Tincture to three of water.) Should the spasms increase, and tend to the Opisthotonos variety, (when the body is curved backward,) with fre- quent cramp-like pains in the pit of the stomach, consti- pation, and loss of appetite. Nux-Vomica. When the spasms are principally of the superior ex- tremities and trunk ; and drowsiness between the spasms. Cannabis-sat. When there is great prostration ; languor, drowsiness, coldness, and rigidity of the extremities, with a tendency to delirium. Aelhusia. When there is trembling of the whole body; rigid stretching of the limbs ; head drawn backwards and eyes distorted. Lachesis. When the spasms are principally in the muscles of the back; trembling of the limbs ; or confirmed Lock-jaw, with staring eyes and foaming at the mouth. Laurocerasus. When the body is curved backwards ; the patient has a furious look and foams at the mouth; a constant, vio- lent stretching, or thrusting out of his feet and legs as if kicking or stamping ; the aggravation of the symptoms returns in the evening. Hyosciamus. And Rhus-tox, is a very excellent remedy in the Opistho- tonos variety, when there is great languor; an inability to remain out of bed, and extreme sensitiveness to the open air. When the attack occurs in a person of a full, plethoric 342 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. habit, and more especially if there is an aggravation of the symptoms in the afternoon. Belladonna. There are other remedies which demand attention in the treatment of this affection, such as, Veratrum, Phos- phorus, Conium-maculaUim, Stramonium, Cicuta-virosa, Hydrocyanic-acid, Arsenicum, and Camphora ; for their particular indications, consult the Materia Medica. The last drug {Camphor,) is especially indicated by coldness of the extremities ; confused state ofthe mind ; spasms, produced or rather excited by the least motion, and continuing longer than in ordinary attacks. Administration.—I have employed theremediesin this disease very advantageously every half hour, and think they should be repeated as often as every half hour or hour, until a marked improvement is manifest, then ex- tend the time to two, three, or four hours, as the improve- ment may indicate. Diet and Regimen.—The same as in other spasmodic affections. VI. CATALEPSIS. (Catalepsy.) Catalepsis.—(From the Greek, to seize, to hold.) A sudden suspension of motion and sensation, the body remaining in the same position that it was in, when seized. Diagnosis.—The attack comes on suddenly, sometimes preceded by the following premonitory symptoms; lan- guor, vertigo, cephalalgia, flatulent pains in the bowels, depressed spirits, and obtuseness of intellect. When the attack occurs, the body and limbs remain in CATALEPSIS. 343 the same position or attitude in which they were at the very moment of the seizure. If the patient was in the act of walking, eating, drinking, stooping, talking, or gesticulating, the hand, arm, legs, lips, and even the expression of the countenance, remain fixed during the attack, unless changed by another person. There is a peculiar flexibility in all the members of the body which admits of their being placed in almost any position, and a degree of rigidity sufficient to maintain the very posi- tion in which they may be placed. All the sensorial functions are entirely suspended in complete catalepsy; the patient has no recollection of what transpires during the paroxysm. The period occu- pied by the attack is to him a perfect blank; and if the paroxysm comes on while walking, he will either remain in the very act of stepping, and finish the act as the par- oxysm passes off, unconscious of what has occurred, or continue walking at the same pace, unconscious of what he is doing. Very remarkable cases are reported by Drs. Stearns, Fernelius, Lenormand, Laennec, Recamier, and Galen. The last reports a case of a student who remained motionless for a length of time, but was con- scious, and remembered all that transpired during the attack. The duration ofthe attack, varies from a few minutes to several days; and the return of motion, sensation and consciousness,is generally announced by a full inspiration. Causes.—This disease occurs most frequently at or about the age of puberty; and as females are more fre- quently affected with it than males, it is reasonable, at ieast, to infer tlwt it depends to a great extent upon 344 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. uterine irritation, especially as respects menstruation. Irritation of the stomach and bowels; repelled erup- tions; suppressed habitual discharges; close application to study; and violent mental emotions, are classed among the causes. Tulpius relates a case produced by disap- pointed love. Wepfer mentions a young man who always became cataleptic by application to mathematics. Tissot cites cases produced by carbonic acid gas. And others are related by Van Swieten,to occur at each par- oxysm of an intermittent fever. Treatment.—When the attack occurs in a person of full, plethoric habit, especially a young girl, disposed to rushes of blood to the head, of a lively, nervous, or irri- table temperament. Aconite. When the countenance is hippocratic ; extremities cold; eyes remain half closed, pupils rather dilated, and without the usual lustre. Chamomilla. And Cham toms indicating valvular disease of the heart, or point out the particular valve implicated, as that has been sufficiently referred to in the chapter on the Heart to enable any person to diagnose his case with sufficient accuracy. Insufficiency of the valves of the heart is generally caused by mismanaged rheumatism and gout; or,in other words, is cause 1 by disease of the heart and its mem- branes consequent upon metastatised gout and rheuma- tism, or by injuries. 358 HOMEOPATHIC practice of medicine. Valvular disease generally terminates in hypertrophy, or dropsical effusions, because of obstructed circulation, and is attended with palpitation, difficult breathing, shortness of breath, &c. Treatment.—The treatment must be conducted pretty much upon the same plan as in hypertrophy. Cactus is the great remedy when the condition is attended with pain, violent palpitation, appearances of venous conges- tions, blueness of the face, and dropsical effusions ; or, when Cactus and Cannabis Indica comprise the group of symptoms more fully, they should be given in alternation every hour, or every two or three hours, according to the urgency of the symptoms. Should they not afford prompt relief, give Collinsonia. But in the absence of the secondary symptoms, evi- dences of valvular disease only appearing, the lod. Pot. is unquestionably our best remedy in such a case. It should be given three times a day, and persisted in until the cure is effected. Diet and Regimen.—As in hypertrophy. PERICARDITIS. (Inflammation of the Pericardium.— The Heart Purse. Pericarditis, as the term implies, is an inflammation of the pericardium or membrane enveloping the heart, and the symptoms are generally made up in part from co-existing affections, such as those accompanying acute pericarditis. 359 articular rheumatism. The pain in the region of the heart is generally of an acute character, lancinating and piercing like unto pleuritis {pleurisy), and attended with more or less oppression and difficult breathing. But the pain is not always a prominent symptom, as it is some- times slight—hardly sufficient to attract attention. The disease is almost always attended with a dry suppressed cough; pain and tenderness upon pressure in the precordia. "The action ofthe heart is increased, sometimes amounting to palpitation," and there is more or less fever, with accelerated pulse. Sometimes it is vibratory. In addition to the above symptoms, the physical sign denominated the pericardial friction mur- mur constitutes its diagnosis. The cardiac sound is given off from a greater space than in health, from effusion within the pericardium; and a friction murmur, synchronous with the action of the heart, is heard at its apex. Cause.—Pericarditis may be caused by colds, exposure to cold currents, suppressed perspiration, by wounds and contusions of the chest, gout, and acute articular rheumatism; and it is sometimes associated with, or appears as a sequel to, nephritic difficulty. Treatment.—In the commencement of the disease, when the symptoms are decidedly inflammatory, give Aconite. And if there is much pain in the side, increased by coughing, or by drawing a full inspiration, or by moving, give Bryonia in alternation with Aconite. But when the 360 homeopathic practice of medicine. pain is very severe, great difficulty in breathing, give Cactus ; and if there is much fever attending this condi- tion Aconite may be given in alternation with the Cactus, until the inflammatory symptoms abate. When the inflammatory symptoms have subsided, but the cardiac sound is still given off from a greater space than normal, and the friction murmur continues, showing effusions within the pericardium, give Digitalis, or Digitalis in alternation with Cannabis Indica. If attended with palpitation, blueness of the face, irregular pulse, give Digitalis ; and if there are stitching pains in the region of the heart, give Pulsatilla. Should symptoms of effusion continue, give Apocyn. Cann. After which, should there remain symptoms of valvular insufficiency, give Pot. lod. Administration.—During the acute stage, the reme- dies should be administered at short intervals, every hour or two, until relief is obtained. Then extend the time in accordance with the improvement. Should the condition arise requiring the Pot. lod., the remedy ought to be given three times a day, until the symptoms indi- cating valvular disease are removed. Note.—The Cactus Granddflorus has become one of our most popular reme- dies in affections of the heart, and it has appeared to prove efficient in almost every form of caidiac disease. ENDOCARDITIS. 361 ENDOCARDITIS. (Inflammation of the. Membrane lining the Heart.) Inflammation of the membrane lining the cavities of the heart is not generally a primary disease, but symp- tomatic of, or secondary to, articular rheumatism ; and its diagnosis rests principally on physical evidence. The exudation of lymph, or the deposit of fibrin, gives rise to an endocardial murmur, which, taken in connection with the other symptoms, definitely defines its character. The anatomical changes or deposits are almost always situated upon the curtains of the mitral valves ; " at least, it is so in rheumatic endocarditis." Hence we have the soft bellows murmur heard most distinctly at or near the apex of the heart. But as the murmur might have previously existed, from mitral insufficiency, it cannot be taken of itself, independent of other co-existing symptoms, as a sure index to this form of disease. But when associated with fever, pain and distress in the precordia, and an excited action of the heart, difficult breathing and oppression, the picture is tolerably com- plete. Treatment.—Aconite, Cactus and Bryonia are the chief remedies during the active stage. Aconite first, for the inflammatory condition. Cactus, when it is at- tended with much suffering, pains of a severe cutting, tearing or piercing character, difficult breathing, con- gestive appearance, blueness ofthe face, or with violent stitching and palpitation. Bryonia, when the pains are aggravated by motion, or by drawing a full inspiration, or when attended with cough. 362 homeopathic practice of MEDICINE. Cannabis Indica, Digitalis, and Apocyn. Cann., for the second or passive stage. When there is a subsidence of the inflammatory symp- toms and pain, but an irregular action continues to some extent; pulse irregular; a disposition to swelling or puffiness beneath the eyes; and oedema of the ex- tremities. Cannabis Lid. When attended with palpitation, pulse small, or small and irregular. Digitalis. When there are symptoms of dropsical effusion, especially of the chest, such as difficult breathing or oppression when in the recumbent posture, Apocyn. Cann., Pulsatilla, Nux-Vomica, Spigelia, and other rem- edies, have also done marked service in this disease__ when called for by symptoms indicating their use. Vide Materia Medica. Administration.—The remedies should be adminis- tered and repeated as in Pericarditis. Diet and Regimen.—In strict accordance with inflam- matory conditions, viz., diet light, unirritating, and of a farinaceous character. PALPITATIO CORDIS. 363 PAL PITA TIO CORDIS. (Palpitation of the Heart.) Palpitatio. (From the Latin, a palpitation or convul- sive motion of a part.) This is quite a common and not unfrequently an alarming and distressing symptom, indi- cating in many instances organic disease, but occurring in the young where there is a rapid growth, and in the aged from contraction ofthe organ, or ossification of its valves. Those of a delicate constitution, lax fibre, and of nervous excitability, are particularly subject to it. Causes.—As previously stated, Palpitation ofthe Heart is diagnostic to organic disease, but may be caused by anything tending to produce an irritable condition ofthe system, or aninequilibrium ofthe circulating fluids, such as a deranged state of the stomach and bowels, extreme fatigue, over exertion, too free use of intoxicating drinks, pregnancy, change of life; andany violent mental emotion, such as grief, terror, disappointment, sudden joy, etc. Treatment.—When it occurs in young, robust persons, or in those who are growing rapidly; Aconite, Puis. When it occurs during old age ; Arsenicum, Lachesis. When it occurs during pregnancy ; Nux Vomica, Pulsatilla, Ignatia. When the attack is more prone to come on while the patient is at rest, or after sleeping; Lachesis. When it occurs at nigbt, with stitches in the region of the heart; Ignatia, Spigelia. When caused by congestion or plethora; Aconite, Belladonna, Opium, Lachesis. 364 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When caused by debility; China, Ferrum. When caused by debilitating losses of blood or other fluids; Ferrum, Phos-acid, China, Staphysagria, Veratrum. When caused by fright; Opium. By sudden joy ; Coffea. By fear or anguish ; Cactus Grand., Veratrum. By disappointment; Aconite, Cham., Igna., NuxVom. By suppressed eruption ; Arsenicum, Lachesis, Sulph. By intoxicating drinks ; Nux Vomica. When it occurs in nervous persons, or hysterical fe- males, without any direct cause ; Coffea, Ignatia, Cocculus, Nux Vomica, Pulsatilla. Administration.—Give the remedy selected every three or four hours as the case may seem to require. But in chronic cases, where palpitation, or a tremulous action of the heart occurs frequently during the day, the administration of the remedy oftener than once a day would be very likely to prove prejudicial. Diet and Regimen.—In accordance with the remedies employed, and the condition of the patient. Those de- bilitated from age or disease, require a sustaining or generous diet, but in young persons, disposed to plethora, it should be exceedingly simple. MENINGITIS. 365 MENINGITIS. (Cerebrospinal) This, as the term implies, is an inflammation of the membranes of the brain and its spinal prolongation (marrow), and is of far more frequent occurrence than has generally been considered. Some think that it pre- vails epidemically. In mild cases, the early symptoms are uneasiness, feeling of fatigue, pain in the neck, or in the back part of the head and neck: Not unfrequently the pain ex- tends down the spine ; but most generally it is confined to the occiput and nape of the neck. Sometimes a prickling aud tingling is felt in the limbs, some stiffness of the jaws, and difficult swallowing. But when the disease is completely formed, the symptoms assume a far more violent character. The countenance is expressive of anguish; the pain becomes intolerant; the pulse denotes a high grade of inflam- matory excitement; extreme 'sensitiveness to light and sound ; great thirst; a constant desire for cold drinks ; violent retching; and frequently delirium and convul- sions. In most instances, there appears to be a semi-par- alyzed condition, which is sometimes extended to the bowels, and is marked by the most obstinate constipa- tion. It is a disease not only alarming in its character, but of a very fatal tendency, terminating in death some- times as early as the first or second day; and when it continues longer, assuming a chronic form. While every symptom is apparently of a favorable character, a con- 366 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. vulsion may set in, or some other unfavorable condition _arise, and prove fatal when we least expect it. Cause.—Fatiguej cold, suppressed perspiration, bath- ing (in cold water) when in a heated condition, an over- excited state of the system, and a tuberculated con- dition, have been enumerated as the principal causes of this affection. Treatment.—The principal remedies in this affection are Aconite, Belladonna, Bryonia; Verat. Vir., Verat. Alb., Nux Vomica, and Gelseminum. Aconite, during the more strictly inflammatory stage ; Belladonna, in alternation with Aconite, if there is throb- bing or pulsating pain in the head, face flushed, intol- erance to light and sound; Verat. Vir., when the pain is principally in the back of the neck and between the shoulders, and if the convulsions are of the opistho- tonic character; Verat. Alb.,when the pain extends all along the spine, or when it is more of a heaviness at the nape of the neck. Nux Vomica. Pale, sickly, wretched expression; drawing pain in the nape of the neck, or pains coming on in paroxysms, of a lacerating character, in the nape of the neck ; mind wandering, and bowels constipated. Bryonia. Painful stiffness and tension of the nape of the neck, on moving the head; painful soreness when turning the head, also in the nape of the neck ; pain extending down the back; and all the symptoms aggra- vated by motion. PROGRESSIVE LOCOMOTOR ATAXIA. Administration.—During the acute stage, give the remedies every hour or two, until there is an ameliora- tion of symptoms ; then extend the interval according to the improvement. Sweating applications to the nape of the neck and along the spine, have sometimes proved very beneficial. And when the bowels are obstinately constipated, moving them by means of a stimulating enema has been of service. PROGRESSIVE LOCOMOTOR ATAXIA. (Duchenne's Disease.) This is a form of paralysis in connection with a certain degree of mental aberration, and has been recognised by some as the " paralysis of the insane," and progress- ive general paralysis. Its distinctive characters were first pointed out by Duchenne. Hence the name of Duchenne's Disease. Its distinctive features are, the loss of the ability to direct muscular movements, and an inability to walk or stand with the eyes closed. It is generally man- ifested first in the lower limbs, in an attempt to waL;. The leg is thrown forward by forcible jerks, without any definite direction; the body is swayed to and fro, in order to maintain an equilibrium ; and the arms are in motion, as if balancing. In some cases, the greatest difficulty appears to be to commence walking. The patient cannot walk slow, but starts hurriedly as if to run, and may fall in a running gait. This condition may 368 homeopathic practice of medicine. remain for a long time, or gradually grow worse, until the patient cannot walk even with the aid of assistants. In many instances, the arms and hands become sim- ilarly affected; an inability to direct the movement, in eating and drinking ensues, to such an extent that the hand must be steadied and guided by an assistant; and in some instances the food must be placed in the mouth, as if the patient were an infant. The speech is also at times very much affected. The symptoms are, as a general thing, continuous, and, if not remedied, pro- gressive, until the patient becomes helpless; and incon- tinence of urine, and sometimes retention, and other symptoms of complete paralysis, supervene. Trousseau regards this disease primarily as functional, and the pathological changes that have been observed as sec- ondary. Cause.—It is supposed by some of our most able pathologists that this disease depends upon a degen- erated or atrophied condition of the posterior portion of the spinal cord. The supposition, viewed in an anatomical and physiological sense, appears to be re- versed—the anterior being the motor, and the posterior the sensitive portion ; and when the superior extremities are simultaneously affected, the seat ofthe mischief must seem to be located in the anterior lateral sulcus which marks the division of the anterior from the middle col- umn ; for in many cases there is an increased sensitive- ness, almost proportioned to the deficient muscular action—as some suffer intense pain in the limbs or along the spinal column. Within the last year, I saw two progressive locomotor ataxia. 369 well-marked cases, with the above characteristics, one of which was distinctly traced to an acute attack of cerebro-spinal meningitis. It is reasonable to suppose that the remissness is very likely to depend upon a change of structure from an infiltration during and fol- lowing inflammation of the tissue involved, and it be- coming organized; or upon an exostosis of the anterior and lateral margin of the foramen magnum, or of the inner surface of one or more of the vertebrae, either of which would produce a similar condition. Again, it may depend upon that condition of the cerebral mass not dissimilar to ramollissement; as exces- sive sexual indulgence, and also close mental applica- tion, have been regarded as among its remote causes; and the idiotic expression can with more propriety be attributed to a want of muscular control, than to a de- ficiency in mental understanding. Treatment.—During the incipient stage, when there is headache and inflammation, or febrile action, give -• Aconite. When the febrile symptoms have subsided, and there is pain in the back, great* weakness of the limbs, and want of muscular control, give Bryonia in the morning and Nux Vom. at night. Should the weakness continue, and the muscles appear atrophied or flaccid, Arsenicum mornings, Nux Vom. at noon and at night. These should be persisted in until there is an evident improvement, or another remedy is more strictly indicated. 24 370 homeopathic practice op medicine. But if there is a paralytic feeling in the hip-joints, first in the right and then in the left, attended with a staggering gait, Verat. Alb. If the condition is referable to debilitating causes upon the brain, Phosphorus. If the attack was preceded by meningeal inflammation or an injury, and there are reasons for suspecting an induration or thickening, or the presence of a tumor, causing pressure. Kali lod. Should there be retention of urine, give Apocy. Cann., or Can. Sat. If there is incontinence, give Hyoscyamus. Administration.—Should the condition exist demand- ing the use of Phosphorus or Arsenicum, they should be used in appreciable doses, more as nutrients (pathologi- cally considered rather than by symptoms), viz.: Arse- nicum 1st, in from three to five grain doses; Phosphorus, No. 4 pellets, saturated in the tincture, having the gar- licky smell and taste, four or five pellets at a time, and repeated twice a day. The lod. of Potas. should be given at least three times during the twenty-four hours*. Diet and Regimen.—Nourishing food, practising care not to overtax the digestive organs. Gentle exercise in the open air, by riding or otherwise, will prove service- able. But avoid excitements, and everything of a fatiguing character. Dress warm, with flannels next the skin. And gentle friction, by rubbing the limbs night and morning, will be beneficial when there is not in- creased sensitiveness. diphtheria. 371 DIPHTHERIA. After a careful analysis of all that I can gather frgm authorities and from personal observation, I am con- strained to differ from those who regard diphtheria as " a new and rare disease." The diagnostic and peculiar characteristics of the disease, as it appeared among us but a few years since, was identical with that described by the English, French, German and American authors as prevailing during the years of 1813 and 1816 inclusive; and by Dr. Greenhow and others as far back as the sixteenth century. Flint says that "it has prevailed at times as an epidemic in various parts of the world from a remote period," and that it has been described by writers in different countries and epochs under a variety of names. By Bard, in 1789, under the name of angina suffocativa; and the distinctive characteristics, by Bre- tonneau, in 1821, 1825, and 1826, by the term diphthe- rite—whence originated the name diphtheria. The disease generally prevails as an epidemic. It is sometimes preceded and generally accompanied by a fever, " which, in severe cases, is only transient, speedily giving place to depression." At the commencement of the attack, there is considerable soreness and swelling of the glands at the angle of the jaws, some swelling and inflammation of the tonsils and adjacent tissue. At an early stage, the diphtheritic exudation, or membranous concretion, appears in specks or patches, of a semi- opaque character (and in some instances resembles wet parchment or chamois leather), on one or both of the 372 homeopathic practice of medicine. tonsils, soft palate, or fauces; and in most instances can be readily separated from the mucous surface, leaving the subjacent membrane unbroken, or merely excoriated with small bloody points, and sometimes appearances of superficial ulceration. When the exudation has been removed, it will sometimes reappear; and the severity of the disease is generally marked in proportion to the continuity and density of the exudation. Notwith- standing that the throat appears to be the location of the disease, or at least its primary seat, it is quite common for the inflammation to spread along continuous mucous surfaces into the nares and to the conjunctiva; down the jjharynx into the oesophagus ; through the glottis into the larynx, trachea, and into the bronchial tubes ; or forward on the buccal mucous membrane, the gums and lips. Greenhow says " that wounds and excoriations of the skin, and the mucous membrane ofthe nymphaeand vagina when tender and irritated, especially in persons already suffering from diphtheria of the throat, are, during an epidemic, liable to undergo the same process of exudation, which, coagulating, forms a false membrane analogous to that on the tonsils and throat. After some time, the false membrane is thrown off, either entire or in shreds, or flakes intermingled with mucus, and often giving rise to a very offensive smell, probably from a partial decomposition. When the exudation is thrown off spontaneously, it is sometimes repeatedly renewed, each successive one being less dense, and gradually losing the character of the exuda- tion, until at length the affected surface is covered with a thick mucus, which disappears as the mucous surface recovers its healthy condition. DIPHTHERIA. 373 It is not uncommon for sloughing to take place beneath the exudation, or even more deeply, the mouth and throat being filled with a fetid bloody mucus, a semi- transparent gluey secretion trickling from the nose, or foul semi-decomposed blood oozing from both mouth and nose (as in purpurea haemorrhagica). This stage is marked by extreme prostration, and, in many instances, low moaning, as in other typhoid conditions. The local affection may pass into a chronic form, in which relapses are readily produced by exposure to damp or cold atmospheres; and an acute attack is prone to leave the system in a condition not dissimilar to the conditions following malignant scarlet fever. The disease is attended with more or less difficulty of breathing and swallowing from the commencement of the attack; but that of swallowing, especially liquids, is far more marked from the very outset. It is of a contagious character, and principally con- fined to early infancy and youth ; but almost every stage of life has experienced its violence. The diphtheritic exudation can be readily distin- guished from that of thrush, the sore throat of scarlatina, ulcerated, gangrenous, or malignant sore throat, and pseudo-membranous croup. From the first of these it is readily distinguished, by the exudation on the fauces ; and from the latter, in not having the excavated surface ofthe ulcerated, nor the gangrenous sloughs of the malignant. It, therefore, cannot be confounded with the above conditions, at least during the first and second stages. But when the membrane or exudation has been thrown off, it may in some instances present the ragged appear- 374 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. ance of the malignant form of putrid sore throat; and it is only when the exudation extends to the larynx, that it can be mistaken for membranous croup, which latter disease, however, is not marked, nor associated with the typhoid and malignant symptoms that mark diphtheria almost from the commencement. Again, I regard the swelling ofthe glands, and the induration at the angle of the jaw, as one ofthe surest diagnostic characteristics, for I have never seen a well defined case of diphtheria, in which that symptom was not present. Treatment.—During the first or inflammatory stage, when there is febrile excitement, of course the remedy is Aconite. If there is redness and swelling of the tonsils, Belladonna. When the diphtheritic exudation has appeared, and the patient is much prostrated, Antimony Tart. \st. But when the membrane appears ragged, irregular and partially sloughing, the mouth and throat filled with mucus, or bloody mucus, and breath very offensive, Kali bichrom., in alternation with Merc Biniod. 1st. When there appears to be more swelling, and less Note.— A sense of propriety, as well as duty, suggests to me the necessity of recommending a local application that I have used most successfully in a great many instances, and for which I have received the unqualified disapproval of many esteemed members of our profession. It is the application of Caustic (Nitrate of Silver J. So soon as exudation appeared in a little point, dot, or patch, I have removed it with the point of a pencil of Caustic, without regard to the age of my patient, and invariably with the most happy results, and at the same time have regarded the practice as legitimately within the sphere of Homoeopathy. 0XALURIA. 375 ulceration of the fauces, a metallic taste, and putrid breath, Kali lod. And during almost every stage of the disease, the local application of Carbolic Acid, applied by using the "Patent Spray," or " Galvante's Vaporizer" (but more especially when the exudation has been partially effoli- ated, or when the parts have a foul putrid appearance), has done and will do more in preventing gangrene and gangrenous sloughing than any other remedy we possess. OXALURIA. {Oxalic Lithiasis). In this disease we have a peculiar diathesis associated with dyspepsia. This peculiar morbid condition at first puts on the appearance of an inflammatory condition, but afterwards gives evidence of general debility, nervous irritability, dyspepsia and a " tendency to car- bunculous affections and scaly eruptions." Individuals in whom the oxalic urine exists are generally irritable, extremely sensitive, dyspeptic, feeble, emaciated, and full of hypochondriacal notions and gloomy apprehensions. Dr. Bird says, in London the cases in which the oxalate of lime exists in the urine are far more numerous than those in which there is deposition of the earthy phosphates. I have seen several well-marked cases of this affection, and in all of them a gloomy, melancholic, apprehensive state of mind, and disposition to magnify a trifling symptom, a mere scratch, into some very serious and 376 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. incurable condition. Dyspepsia, loss of appetite, and general debility, were the prominent symptoms; and although fearing death, two of them made attempts to commit suicide. Bennett cites several interesting cases in his " Clinical Lectures." In addition to the above symptoms, the oxalate of lime may be recognized in the urine in transparent octohedral crystals. When examined under the micro- circular or oval. I have frequently procured them in scope, they sometimes assume the dumb-bell form, quantities, by evaporating the urine from a flat even surface, such as a porcelain or glass plate. By testing the urine with litmus paper, or soda, it will not present the normal acid reaction. The cause of this condition is probably a defect in the assimilative process, and possibly aided by some article of food, such as tomatoes, " sorrel, and the foot- stalks of rhubarb leaves, which favors the production of the oxalic deposit— as the two latter contain oxalic acid combined in excess with potassa." Treatment. — During the first, or comparatively in- flammatory stage, Aconite. When the symptoms are more fully developed—loss of appetite and taste for food ; stomach disturbed; eructa- tion, pain, uneasiness and distress; thirst and a burning sensation, or a throbbing, in the pit of the stomach, and restlessness at night; great weakness; mind gloomy, sad, melancholic, and apprehensive, Cactus. If, in addition to the above, the mouth is sticky, bad APPARENT DEATH FROM DROWNING. 377 taste, yellow fur on the centre of the tongue, and sleep disturbed by frightful dreams, Helonias. Hydrastes, or it in alternation with Cactus. If the dyspeptic symptoms are most prominent, the bowels constipated, urine passed in large quantities of a light straw color, Nux V., Nitric Acid. Or the Nitro Muriatic Acid is an admirable remedy in this affection; particularly when the oxalic acid diathesis is prominently developed by the appearance of oxalates in the urine.* Administration. — The remedies ought to be given three times a day, fifteen or twenty minutes before each meal. Or when Cactus and Hydrastis are used, they may be given in alternation every four or six hours. Diet. — The food should be nutritious and of easy digestion, and every article strictly avoided that can tend to increase the diathesis. I have seen much benefit arise from the moderate use of Rhine wine in correcting the peculiar condition of the system that is manifested in this affection. APPARENT DEATH FROM DROWNING. There is hardly a class of casualties which more require some general rules in making efforts to resusci- tate from apparent death than that of drowning. If history is correct, and if we are allowed to believe some *Note.—Nilro Muriatic Acid, prepared in the Tinct. of Cardamom, or some ofthe aromatic tonics, is the principal remedy used by the allopaths in the treat- ment of this affection. 378 homeopathic practice of medicine. most extraordinary statements from reliable sources, we must be led to the sad conclusion, that many have been lost from a want of proper efforts to restore them. In recommending some mode of action, I cannot do better than give the directions founded on those of Dr. Marshall Hall, combined with those of Dr. H. R. Silvester, embraced in the circular ofthe "Royal National Life Boat Institution of England," viz.: " 1st. Send at once for medical assistance, blankets and dry clothing, but proceed immediately to treat the patient in the open air, with the face downward, whether on shore or afloat; exposing the face, neck and chest to the wind (except in severe weather), and remove all tight clothing from the neck and chest. "The points to be aimed at are, first and immediately to restore the act of breathing; and next to promote warmth and circulation. The efforts to restore breathing must be energetically persevered in for one or two hours, or until a physician has pronounced life extinct. Efforts to promote warmth and circulation, beyond removing the wet clothes and drying the skin, must not be made until the first appearance of natural breathing; for if circulation of the blood be induced before breathing has commenced, the restoration to life will be endangered. " 2d. To Restore Breathing.—To clear the throat, place the patient on the floor or ground, with the face downward, and one of the arms under the forehead, in which position all fluids will more readily escape from the mouth ; and the tongue will fall forward, leaving the entrance into the windpipe free. Assist this operation by wiping and cleansing the mouth. • apparent death from drowning. 379 "If breathing commences, endeavor to excite warmth by rubbing the limbs upwards with a firm grasping pressure and energy, using handkerchiefs, coarse towels, flannels, &c. The friction must be continued under the blankets, or over the dry clothing. Promote the warmth of the body by the application of hot flannels, bottles or bladders of hot water, heated bricks, &c. Apply them to the pit of the stomach, the arm-pits, between the thighs, and the soles of the feet. " If the patient has been carried to a house after respiration has been restored, be careful to let the air play freely about the room. " But if there be only slight breathing, or no breathing, or if the breathing fail, then excite the nostrils with snuff, hartshorn, or smelling salts, or tickle the throat with a feather or any similar thing that may be at hand ; rub the chest and face, raising and supporting the chest well on a folded coat or other article of dress. " Turn the body gently on the side and a little beyond, and then briskly on the face, back again, repeating the measures cautiously, efficiently and perseveringly, about fifteen times in a minute, or once in every four or five seconds, occasionally varying the side. (By placing the patient on the chest, the weight of the body forces the air out). When turned on the side, this pressure is removed, and air enters the chest. "On each occasion that the body is placed on the face, make uniform but efficient pressure, with brisk move- ment, on the back, between and below the shoulder- blades, or bones on each side, removing the pressure immediately before turning the body on the side. 380 homeopathic practice of medicine. " During the whole of the operation, let one person attend solely to the movements of the head and of the arm placed under it. [The first measure increases the expiration—the second commences inspiration. The result is respiration, or natural breathing; and, if not too late, life.] " While these operations are going on, dry the hands and feet, and as soon as dry clothing or blankets can be procured, strip the body, and cover or gradually re-clothe it; but take care not to interfere with the efforts to restore breathing. " 3d. Should these efforts not prove successful in from two to five minutes, proceed to imitate breathing by Dr. Silvester's method, as follows : " Place the patient on the back, on a flat surface, inclined a little upward from the feet; raise and support the head and shoulders on a firm cushion, or folded article of dress, placed under the shoulder blades. "Draw forward the patient's tongue, and keep it projecting beyond the lips. An elastic band over the tongue and under the chin will answer this purpose; or a piece of string or tape may be tied around them ; or, by raising the lower jaw, the teeth may be made to retain the tongue in that position. Remove all tight clothing (as in the other mode), and imitate the move- ments of breathing. Standing at the patient's head, grasp the arms just above the elbows, and draw them gently and steadily upward, above the head; keep them stretched upward for two seconds. (By this means air is drawn into the lungs). Then turn down the patient's arms, and press them gently and firmly apparent death from drowning. 381 against the sides of the chest. (By this means air is pressed out of the lungs.) "Repeat these measures alternately, deliberately, and perseveringly about fifteen times in a minute, until a spontaneous effort to respire is perceived ; immediately upon which, cease to imitate the movements of breath- ing, and proceed in the manner already named to induce circulation and warmth. " On the restoration to life, a teaspoonful of warm water should be given; and then, if the power of swallowing has returned, small quantities of wine or brandy, mixed with warm water, or a little warm coffee, should be administered. The patient should bevkept in bed, and a disposition to sleep encouraged." General Observations — The above treatment should be persevered in for some hours, as it is an erroneous opinion that persons are irrecoverable because life does not soon make its appearance, persons having been restored after persevering for many hours." Cautions.—Prevent unnecessary crowding of persons around the body; avoid rough handling; under no circumstances hold the body up by the feet; do not allow the body to remain on the back, unless the tongue is secured as heretofore directed; and on no account place the body in a warm bath, unless it is under medical direction, and then only as a momentary excitant. 382 homeopathic practice of medicine. HICCOUGH. {Or Singultus.) Hiccough consists of sudden short convulsive inspi- rations, attended with a slight peculiar laryngeal sound, and followed immediately by expirations. (Wood.) The movements concerned in its production appear to be a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm, and a certain degree of constriction of the glottis." It is rarely at- tended with much danger; but when it continues any length of time, it becomes not only exceedingly annoy- ing, but fatiguing. Cause.—A debilitated state of the system predisposes to it. Pregnant and hysterical women, and the intem- perate, are subject to it. It is generally caused by errors in diet, or some indigestible or irritating article of food; and it sometimes appears as an unfavorable symptom in low fevers and other diseases of a fatal tendency. Treatment.—Aconite will frequently subdue it, when associated with a febrile condition. Nux Vomica is the remedy when it is attended with pain and distress in the stomach and bowels. Iris, when associated with nausea and colicky pains. Administration.—Give the remedy every half hour, or hour, until it has the desired effect; and during the interim allow the patient to swallow small bits of ice, which will frequently arrest it without the use of other remedies. In the majority of cases, Nux Vom. and ice will be found sufficient. SUN stroke. 383 SUN STROKE. (Coup de Soleil.) This is a comatose or semi-congested condition, and in some instances bordering upon apoplectic, from exposures in hot weather and under a hot sun, and unquestionably aided in most instances by other exhaust- ing and predisposing influences. Treatment.—If there appear to be a considerable reaction and the face flushed, Aconite, or Aconite in alternation with Belladonna. If in a comatose state, apparently sleeping, breathing easy, pulse moderately soft and nearly normal in frequency, Opium. When apprehensive of effusion, or extravasation, Arnica. After the comatose symptoms have passed off, and reaction sets in, attended with fever, Aconite. And if followed or associated with severe pain in the head, vertigo, dimness of vision, and nausea, Verat. Virid.; or a violent beating in the head, pressing and darting headache, Lachesis. Administration.—Repeat the remedies every hour, two or three times, judging from the severity of the symptoms and the relief obtained. 384 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. HEART BURN. {Or Sour Stomach.) This is a condition arising from derangement of the stomach, from improper food, or weakened digestion. It is attended with sour eructations, bitter or sour taste, an acrid feeling in the throat and sometimes raising a sour fluid from the stomach, fetid breath, and occasionally attended with a burning sensation. Treatment.—Nux Vomica will generally relieve the above condition. It is more certain if there are dyspeptic symptoms, pain, fullness, and uneasiness in the stomach, particularly if after eating, and the bowels constipated. For eructations, nausea, and pain in the stomach after eating, the pains relieved by motion, pressure, or external warmth, Pulsatilla. Eructations of sour fluid ; faint feeling; dull, aching pain in the stomach Hydrastis. Nausea and vomiting of a sour watery fluid, aching in the stomach in the morning, or on drinking cold water, Iris. When the appetite is variable, sour eructations, bitter taste and foul breath, Gelseminum. Administration.—Mix four or five drops of the medicine in a tumbler two-thirds full of cold water, and give a desert spoonful three times a day, from fifteen minutes to half an hour before eating. Diet and Regimen.—Everything of a rich, oily, or fatty nature should be avoided, pastry in particular. CHAPTER XIV. SCROFULA. Scrofula, (from the Latin, scrofa, a swine, so named because the swine is said to be subject to a similar disease.) It is a disease that appears in every variety of form and degree of violence, from an enlarged gland of the neck, axillae, groin, white swelling of the knee, hip-joint disease {morbus coxarius) to diseased mesenteric glands, indurated liver, tuberculated lungs, and the most loathsome ulcers. It depends upon a peculiar depraved condition of the solids and fluids of the system, which is very evident from Dubois' analysis of the blood of scrofulous persons. He found the blood to coagulate slowly, the clot small, soft and diffluent, and the serum thin and often of a red color. " When examined under the microscope, some of the cor- puscules appeared devoid of color at the edges only, and some entirely colorless;" which is conclusive evidence of a deficiency of solid constituents extractive matter and salts. Diagnosis.—Those predisposed to Scrofula have gener- ally a delicate and languid countenance, a delicate, rosy tint of the cheeks and lips, particularly if a tendency to Phthisis Pulmonalis (consumption) exists, or a pale, soft, flaccid and tumid-appearing countenance and upper lip, a large head, inflamed eyelids, variable appetite, and 25 386 homeopathic practice of medicine. weakened, digestive organs, with mucous diarrhoea, or a constipated state of the bowels. In females leucorrhoeal discharges are prone to occur, and in young children excoriations behind the ears, scabby eruptions on the lips. face and head, with a fretful, irritable temper. The glands about the neck become enlarged and firm to the touch ; the joints are unusually large, and the intellect appears prematurely developed, while the growth of the body is slow. As the disease advances, the salivary glands and the internal glandular parts, such as the liver, pancreas and spleen, become enlarged and indurated ; the bones necrosed, and their cartilaginous covering ulcerated ; the large joints swell and ulcerate, as we observe in white- swelling of the knee and in hip-joint disease. Causes.—I have no hesitation in saying that Scrofula can, in the majority of cases, be traced to hereditary inheritance, for it is not only quite common to see a pre- disposition to it developed in early infancy, but childhood seems to be the very period in which the scrofulous degen- eracy is sure to develop itself; it is asserted upon good authority that tuberculated lungs have been observed in an eight month's foetus, the mother having died of pulmon- ary consumption. Again, this predisposition, or diathesis, may remain in the system for an indefinite period in a state of latency, and depend upon some exciting cause to pro- duce a development. The change that the system under- goes at certain periods of life (particularly in females); dental and intestinal irritation; damp, humid atmospheres, and cold, are either of them capable of producing a development of Scrofula where a predisposition exists. But notwithstanding it may be traced in most cases to scrofula. 387 an hereditary predisposition, we have every reason to know that it has been generated in the offspring of parents, healthy in every respect, (at least as regards even a suspicion of scrofulous diathesis.) The causes which have been known to be concerned in the production of Scrofula or its predisposition, are the influences of climate, espe- cially observed in the valleys of Switzerland and Savoy, where the atmosphere is low, humid, and variable; impure, confined air ; " deficient and unwholesome food." The pernicious use of mercury, has produced more cases of Scrofula in every variety of form, from indurated glands to necrosed bones, foul ulcers, swellings of the joints, and Consumption, than all other causes combined ; it never fails to insinuate itself into every fibre, and by its affinity for the calcareous part, destroys the affinity existing among the ultimate constituents, and emphatically proves the solvent to a perfect decomposition of the human organism. Under deficient and unwholesome food, pork is the most prominent cause. I will here take the liberty of quoting at large from Dr. Marcy's " Practice of Medicine," to illustrate a principle more in conformity with my own views as regards the nature and free use of swines' flesh as an article of food, than anything I have yet seen upon the subject. " Its impurity consists of a disorder of a purely scrofulous character, which is inherent and peculiar to it, and is constantly being developed, especially during con- finement and subjection to the ordinary modes of feeding. Probably no animal is more filthy in its habits, or more disgusting for its selection of food. Let the pork-eater contemplate an instant, the customary mode of rearing the domestic swine, and observe what offal, filth, putridity, scourings from everything foul and corrupt, constantly swell his diseased carcass. Let him see in the slaughter- 388 homeopathic practice of medicine. house how often the internal organs and the surface of the vile carcasses will be studded with tuberculous forma- tions, or scrofula, and then return to pork, like a dog to his vomit, if he choose. It is absurd to argue that flesh contaminated with the scrofulous miasm, cannot com- municate to the healthy body, after digestion, its morbid particles." As previously stated, the above is in strict accordance with my own views, and I will ask further, is it possible that the internal organs of an animal can be completely studded with scrofulous tumors and indura- tions, simply as a local affection, independent of a general diathesis ? And in the absence of fact, is it not reasonable to infer, that when we partake of food thus contaminated, it must necessarily convey to our systems an- impurity not greatly dissimilar to the diathesis of the animal from which the flesh was taken ? It is only necessary to refer to a chapter on animal poisons, in any of our works upon Toxicology, to prove the absurdity of supposing that washing, curing, cooking. and digesting, will destroy the noxious quality of impure or contaminated flesh. It is further asserted by very respectable authority that not a single case of Lepra vul- garis ever occurred, which could not be distinctly traced to the eating of swines' flesh. Another cause demanding our attention is the introduc- tion of impure vaccine virus, which has not only produced Scrofula where it did not previously exist, but has caused other diseases far more loathsome than that which it was intended to shield the system against. Many a fair child has been thus ruined, which certainly urges upon us, in the strongest possible terms, the necessity of exercising the closest scrutiny in regard to the constitutional predis- position of those from whom the virus is taken. SCROFULOUS SWELLINGS. 389 Treatment.—The principal remedies for the cure of Scrofula, and for the eradication of scrofulous diathesis, or a predisposition to it, are Aurum, Calcarea-carb., Kali- carb., Calcarea-phosph., Mag.-carb., Ferrum, Silex, Sulphur Phosphorus, Hepar-sulph., Rhus-tox., and Belladonna. Their special indications in detail will be given under the different forms and locations of the disease. I. SCROFULOUS SWELLINGS OF THE GLAJYDS OF THE JVECK. Calcarea-carb.—Thin, pale face; dark streaks beneath the eyes, or a puffed, doughy-looking face ; tumid upper- lip ; dryness of the nose and soreness of the nostrils ; tumid swelling before the ears, and a scabby, or moist eruption behind them ; itching of the eyes ; or a swelling and redness of the lids and frequent agglutination of them in the morning ; skin is prone to suppurate, and slight wounds do not heal readily; appetite variable ; eructa- tions after eating ; stomach distended ; abdomen tumid ; frequent flatulent pains and constipation ; or diarrhoea, which has a sour smell, particularly in children ; fretful, irritable temper ; and a milky-appearing leucorrhoea in females. Kali-carb.— Confused, stupid feeling in the head, with occasional vertigo ; drowsiness during the day and rest- less at night; swelling of the glands in the axilla? (arm-pit) and of the submaxillary; dryness of the skin ; yellow, scaly eruption, with itching and burning ; eyes painful, with weakness of sight; stitches through the ears ; teeth sensitive and prone to loosen ; loss of appetite ; hard, dis- tended abdomen, with aching or colicky pain ; irregular bowels ; weak, languid feeling of the limbs : and disin- 390 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. clination to mental and physical exertion. And it is still more specifically indicated when the patient complains of stitches in different parts of the system. Ferrum.—When the swelling of the glands has existed for some time ; the eyes are red and the lids swollen ; the head congested ; vertigo ; pale face and lips ; and a de- gree of puffiness around the eyes ; loss of appetite and almost constant disposition to vomit; bruised, sore feel- ing in the abdomen and frequent thin, corrosive diarrhoea. Silex.—Pale face ; swellings and small hardened ulcers on the lips ; rough scurf behind the ears ; ulcers and opacities on the cornea; loss of smell; sore nose with itching; loss of appetite; increased thirst; irritable temper ; and especially if suppuration has ensued. Sulphur.—When the skin is rough, unhealthy, and cov- ered with a dry scaly eruption ; pale bloated face ; cold hands and feet; loss of appetite ; sour eructations and colicky pains. Belladonna.—When the scrofulous enlargement appears in children of full habit, and who are disposed to be quite fleshy ; especially in females of light blue eyes, biond hair, delicate skin and rosy cheeks ; or when there is sud- den changing from flushed face to pale ; and in alterna- tion with Phosphorus if catarrhal symptoms are present. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated once a day until a favorable impression is made ; then every two days, and as the patient improves extend the time of ad- ministration to every third or fourth. Diet and Regimen.—The diet, both animal and vege- table, should be of the most nutritious character ; roast WHITE SWELLING. 391 beef, steak, mutton-chops, and boiled mutton ; potatoes, corn-bread, and such articles as will impart the greatest amount of nourishment to the system. Take free exercise in the open air, and pay particular attention to cleanliness and practice frequent ablutions with cold water. n. SCROFULOUS OPHTHALMIA. Vide Ophthalmia. III. WHITE SWELLING. White Swelling is a scrofulous degeneracy of the knee joint, characterized at first by slight pain in the joint after exercise, which gradually increases ; the joint begins to enlarge; and its motion becomes impaired by the thick- ening of the ligaments, cartilages and other structures of the part; as the joint enlarges the limb generally emaci- ates, when general debility, night sweats and symptoms of hectic ensue. Treatment.—The principal remedies are Sulphur, Silex, Calc-carb. Ferrum-aceticum ; and Kali-carbonica. Sulphur and Calcarea-carb., should be given in alterna- tion ; one in the morning and the other at night for at least a fortnight or three weeks ; then the Ferrum and Kali-carb. in like manner. Should symptoms of ulceration or formation of pus appear, Calc-carb., and Silex should be given every six or eight hours, and continued as long as those symptoms exist. Diet and Regimen.—Similar to that recommended in 392 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. other forms of Scrofula. Pure healthy air is indispensably necessary; at the same time the greatest care must be taken to avoid any motion or jarring, which may tend to irritate the joint.* IV. MORBUS COXARIUS. (Hip-joint Disease.) This is a scrofulous affection of the hip-joint; and during its incipiency, is very likely to mislead the inexperienced in forming a correct diagnosis, in consequence of the principal pain and inconvenience being first experienced at the knee ; and when the disease has advanced suffi- ciently to produce a distortion of the hip, it has been mistaken for dislocation. It most generally commences with pain and weakness at the knee, which may continue two or three weeks, or longer, before there are any evident symptoms referring to the hip; the hip then begins to swell, becomes con- siderably distorted, and the diseased limb shorter than the other; the toe is generally turned in, and frequently the foot of the affected side will be observed to rest on the other; or when walking by the aid of a crutch, or an assistant, the heel will be retracted, the toes dragging or nearly touching the floor, and the limb considerably flexed. The pain generally is exceedingly acute, particu- larly on the slightest motion or jar of the joint; the least rotatory motion produces the most intense suffering. * I have sometimes seen the most decided benefit result from the appli- cation of cold water to the joint, when there was great swelling and heat: it produces a relaxation of the skin, and a free exhalation from the part. I generally used it by bandaging the knee with a roller, wet in cold water, and allowing it to remain until dried by the heat ofthe part. LUMBAR ABSCESS. 393 Treatment.—The same as in white swelling, {Scrofulous Disease ofthe Knee,) the indications being the same, with the addition of Magmsia-carbonica, which is indicated by pain in the hip and knee-joints; chilliness in the evening; night sweats; occasional pain and sickness ofthe stomach; " little or no appetite," a desire for acids, and thirst. Diet and Regimen—Same as recommended under the general head of Scrofula. V LUMBAR ABSCESS (Psoas Abscess.) ^ Lumbar Abscess is an abscess originating between the Psoas muscles, {magnus and parvus, which are situated at the anterior part of the lumbar region,) or posterially from diseased vertebrae. It may, and unquestionally does frequently arise from an injury, and is not so especially dependent upon a scrofulous diathesis; but it is generally a scrofulous disease, -and is characterized by all its usual phenomena. The disease commences with inflammation, either spon- taneously or from mechanical injuries, in the loose cellular membrane, between the psoas muscles, or the psoas and illiacus internus, and from diseased lumbar vertebra, and terminates in an abscess, which, to procure an outlet, must necessarily take a circuitous course, and thereby produce, in most instances, irreparable injuries. It sometimes forms a swelling in the groin, above, pouparts ligament, some- times below it, and at other times it passes down the fascia of the thigh; when it points in the groin, it has not unfrequently been mistaken for Hernia. Its situation in the lumbar region, has also given rise to symptoms Note.—The syrup of the Iodide of Iron, given in doses sufficient to obtain the tonic properties of the Iron, has done much good in this disease. 394 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. which have, through mistake, been referred to Lumbago and Nephritic disease. However, there are characteristics which serve to distinguish it from either of the diseases named, with which it might be confounded. The uneasi- ness in the loins, and the impulse to the tumor by cough- ing, are sufficient evidence that it arises in the lumbar region, and its gradual appearance distinguishes it from Hernia; this latter appears suddenly, and is attended with obstinate constipation, vomiting, etc. Lumbago is not attended with the shivering and hectic symptoms that are present in Lumbar abscess, and Nephritic complaints are discovered by attention to the condition of the urine. Treatment—As in White Swelling and other locations^ of scrofulous disease. Diet and Regimen—The same. VI. TABES MESENTERIC A. (Scrofulous Disease of the Mesenteric Glands.) The above term Tabes, is derived from the Latin word tabesco, to consume, waste, or pine away, and is applied to a very common and fatal disease among children. It con- sists in a scrofulous enlargement of the mesentric glands, characterized by wasting of the limbs, tumid abdomen, with tenderness ; pale, sickly-appearing skin, sunken eyes, variable appetite which is sometimes voracious, and an irregular action of the bowels ; the alvine evacuations re- semble suds in appearance, and are exceedingly offensive. The enlargement of the glands ultimately becomes con- nected with an ulceration of the mucous follicles of the the intestines aud thereby prevents the lacteals from tak- ing up an amount of nutriment from the food sufficient to SCORBUTUS. 395 support life ; so that the little sufferer actually dies from want of nutriment. Treatment.—The indications in this form of scrofu- lous disease are very similar to the other locations of it. But in addition, Aurum has been found particularly ser- viceable in this affection : the indications for its adminis- tration are, Constipation during the day and diarrhoea at night; eruptions on the face ; red eruptions on the forehead and nose ; swollen and ulcerated- lips ; dullness of the head ; dejected spirits ; glandular swelling of the neck, arm-pit. or groin ; want of appetite and nausea. When there is reason to suspect Mercury as the cause, Hepar-sulphur, and Aurum, should be given in alternation. VII. SCORBUTUS. (Scurvy.) Scorbutus, (from schorboet, German,) is characterized by debility, a pale and bloated complexion, spongy gums, which are prone to bleed, exceedingly offensive breath, oedema of the legs, foul ulcers, livid spots on the skin, fetid urine and extremely offensive stools. It is a highly putrid disease, prevalent in cold climates and on the sea- board, especially during long voyages. When met with on shore, especially among those who have not been exposed to the causes which act remotely in its production, it is of a much milder character simply consisting of slight blotches, or a scurfy, scaly eruption on the skin, with spongy gums. Causes.—The long continued use of salted meats and food of an innutritious and indigestible character, assisted 396 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. by cold moisture, a pent-up confined state, want of proper exercise and pure air and such other means as tend to depress the nervous system generally. Treatment.—When the gums are much swollen, appear soft, spongy and prone to bleed ; patient much emaciated; pale, sallow, sickly countenance. Arsenicum, Carbo-vegetabilis. When in addition to the above condition of the gums, they appear blue as if ecchymosed ; the teeth loosen ; the face is bloated ; or swelling on one side, with pain ; pain in the legs ; petechia of a dark, livid appearance and bleeding from ulcers. Conium-maculatum. When the gums are moderately swollen, feel tender while eating, with a peculiar tingling sensation in them ; sputa mixed with blood ; breath very offensive; foul putrid smell; pains in the back and limbs ; the legs swollen and the skin appearing yellow or greenish, with dark ecchy- mosed spots. Arnica. When the gums are swollen ; of a dark red inclining to blue, exceedingly sensitive and bleed easily ; or a throb- bing and stinging, followed by oozing of blood ; loss of appetite ; bad taste of a metallic character ; foul breath ; soreness of the throat, with some difficulty in swallow- ing ; constipation of the bowels ; drawing, lacerating or stinging pains in the legs ; impure, ichorous, or black, gangrenous looking ulcers, and coldness of the feet. Lachesis. When the gums are painful to the touch, are not much swollen, and appear rather paler than natural, and rather corroded ; when the inferior extremities are painful, par- BRONCHOCELE. 397 ticularly about the knee ; a pricking, similar to a flea-bite, in the legs ; eruptions and unhealthy ulcerations. Staphysagria. Iodine, is also a very suitable remedy in this affection, when there is a tendency to haemorrhage, or for those of haemorrhagic diathesis. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated every four or six hours, until there is an improvement; then once a day, until a cure is effected. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be of the most nutritious character, with exercise by riding or otherwise in the open air, as the strength of the patient will admit. VIII. BRONCHOCELE (Goitre.) Bronchocele, (From the Greek words meaning the wind-pipe, and a tumor.) It is a swelling on the ante- rior part of the neck, and consists of a chronic enlarge- ment of the thyroid gland. It is termed by some, Derby- shire neck, in consequence of its frequent occurrence there, but it is seen more frequently among the inhabi- tants of the Alps, and other mountainous districts with deep valleys, (as in the vicinity of Switzerland,) than in any other parts. Goitre commences with a small tumor on each side of the trachea and larynx, which gradually enlarges until, in many instances, it attains an enormous size. The color of the skin is natural and the tumor generally free from pain and tenderness. The only inconvenience experienced from it is the bulk, and some difficulty of breathing, from 398 homeopathic practice of medicine. its pressure on the wind-pipe, and in swallowing, from a similar effect on the oesophagus. Causes.—Some writers have attributed the cause of this disease to the use of innutritious articles of food, " Dr. Drug, who saw many cases of it in Derbyshire, says it unquestionably was caused there by the saur oat cake and the inferior quality of the potatoe." Similar ideas were entertained by Magneti and Roncalli, who attributed it to the use of heavy indigestible articles of food, fat oily substances, and chestnuts, which in some parts of Switzer- land constitute the chief article of food. Others again maintain that it depends upon certain atmospheric causes, such as low humid atmospheres, engendering a predisposi- tion to glandular enlargement, and a scrofulous diathesis. Treatment.—The principal remedies in this affection are Iodine, Spongia, Calcarea-carb., Hepar-sulph., Ferrum. When there is difficulty in breathing and swallowing from the pressure of the tumor ; general weakness, with trembling of the limbs ; pale or sallow complexion ; vora- cious appetite ; sleeplessness, and a sad, desponding mood. 1st. Iodine; 2nd. Spongia. When there is a general scofulous diathesis ; face pale, with dark borders beneath the eyes ; tendency to glandu- lar enlargement; large joints ; weakness of the limbs ; tumid abdomen ; irregular action of the bowels ; irregu- larity of the menses ; leucorrhoea ; loss of appetite ; gen- eral aversion to meat; dullness of mind, low-spirits, and melancholy. Calcarea-carb. When attended with pain, aggravated by pressure ; weakness of voice, and difficult breathing. Hepar-sulph. rachitis. 399 When attended with swelling of the glands of the neck ; emaciation, weakness, and fainting spells; pale face, blanched lips, or swelling around the eyes ; nausea and loathing of food. Ferrum. There are many more remedies recommended, which probably are of service in certain conditions ; but if we regard the pathology of the disease, the above medicines will be found sufficient in most cases. I have treated three cases successfully with Iodine, Calc-carb. and Ferrum. Administration.—Give the drug selected, once a day, for a week or fortnight; then twice a week for a similar time; and afterwards, once a week until the cure is effected. Diet and Regimen.—The diet must be nutritious and of easy digestion ; the air pure and of moderate temperature. IX. RACHITIS. (Rickets.) Rachitis. (From the Greek, the Spine of the back ; so called because it was supposed to originate in a fault of the Spinal marrow.) Hooper. Rickets is a disease most generally confined to children under four years of age. and is characterized by a large head, prominent forehead, protruded sternum, (breast- bone,) ribs flattened on the sides, large, tumid abdomen, emaciated limbs, and great debility. The muscles become flaccid, the limbs waste away, their articulating extremities enlarge, and the spinal column is variously distorted. In fatal cases, the abdomen continues to enlarge, the stools become frequent and loose, fever sets in, with cough and difficult breathing, and death appears to be caused by a condition similar to that (pathologically considered) referred to in the preceding disease. 400 homeopathic practice of medicine. In many instances Nature (aided by appropriate treat- ment) restores the general health, but leaves the sufferer variously deformed. Treatment.—There are two indications to be accom- plished in the treatment of this affection : the one is to correct the system by removing the conditions upon which the distortions depend, the other is to prevent further dis- tortion, and remove, as far as possible, what has already taken place. To accomplish these, two classes of remedies are requisite, viz., medicinal and mechanical. Of the for- mer, the principal are Sulphur, Calc-carb., Calc-phos., Ferrum, and Silex; the latter consist of braces, compresses, a hard mattrass, and such other mechanical means as, together with position, will tend to counteract the deformity. Sulphur should be administered at the very first appear- ance of the disease, and persevered in for at least two weeks, once a day; then give it in alternation with Cal- carea-carb, a dose of one in the morning, and of the other before retiring, until the glandular indurations about the neck, axillae, and elsewhere have passed off. But if the glands of the neck, or arm-pit, are enlarged, and painful; a proneness of the gums to bleed; some sore- ness of the throat when swallowing; abdomen hot and dis- tended; and any symptom of suppuration of a gland, or a suppurative discharge from an ulcer, give Silex, in alter- nation with Calc-carb., (as above,) until the suppurative action ceases. Then Calcaiea-phos. and Ferrum, in alternation, until the habit becomes entirely corrected, which will be evinced by a healthy-looking skin, freshness of complexion, and regular action of the secretions generally. PARONYCHIA. 401 It is quiet impossible to define the Mechanical Means necessary, as they must be constructed and adjusted according to the peculiarity of the distortion. But the position should be recumbent, so as to take the weight of the body from the weakened spinal column and limbs. Let the bed be hard and unyielding, so that it cannot be- come accommodated to the form of the body, but vice versa. Diet and Regimen.—Generous diet; occasional friction with a flesh brush or coarse towel, and frequent cold spongings and bathings. X. PARONYCHIA. (Whitlow, or Fellon.) Paronychia. (From the Greek, about, and the nail.) Authors have termed any collection of pus formed in the fingers, " Panaris," or " Whitlow." It is sometimes caused by irritation, or a diseased state at the root of the nail, forming a semi-circle of pus about the nail, and constitutes what is familiarly termed " ring-around." Again, the irritation may arise from between the fascia of the muscles, or the membraneous covering of the bone, (in many instances caused by a bruise,) producing first a pricking sensation, similar to that of a briar or splinter; then heat, swelling, and the most intense beating and throbbing pain, which, if unarrested, goes on to suppura- tion, causing considerable destruction to the soft parts and not unfrequently of the bone, and constitutes what is generally understood by the term Fellon. Treatment.—If there is febrile heat, and pain in the head, (which is frequently the case,) give a few doses of Aconite. 26 402 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Then follow the Aconite with Silex, repeated every four or six hours, and continue it until the cure is effected. External Applications.—As soon as the swelling and heat commence, envelope the part in a bandage kept con- tinually wet with cold water, containing a few drops of Tinct. Arnica, (ten drops to a gill of water.) If pus forms, give exit to it, the quicker the better, and thereby pre- vent a destruction of the bone, and apply a simple poul- tice of bread and milk. Diet—As in other febrile affections. XI. ANTHRAX. (Carbuncle.) A hard and circumscribed inflammatory tubercle, like a boil, which sometimes forms on the cheek, neck, or back, and in a few days becomes highly gangrenous. Hooper. The discharge from it is extremely offensive, of a thin, bloody appearing matter, which exudes from beneath and around a dark core, and is exceedingly destructive to the surrounding parts. A case occurring in my own practice, was located on the back, and had three openings, which all became gangrenous, and quite an extensive sloughing ensued. Treatment.—When there is pain of a beating and throbbing character; febrile heat; pain in the head, and tenderness of the part. Aconite and Belladonna, in alternation. When the carbuncle has formed ; appears dark, and discharges a thin, saneous, offensive matter, and the patient complains of a burning pain, Arsenicum; and more especially if the patient is dispirited and melancholy. FURUNCULOUS. 403 When there is lassitude, heaviness, and a bruised feel- ing in the limbs ; inability to sleep at night ; a degree of pressure and tension about the ulcer, with burning similar to that caused by the application of mustard ; and the discharge is a thin, bloody pus. Carbo.-veg* When the ulcer appears dark and gangrenous ; the discharge exceedingly fetid; a disposition to sloughing, and a want of sensibility in the part; Kreosotum, internally and externally applied, (10 or 12 drops in a gill of water,) to cleanse and arouse action in the part. Administration.—Repeat the drug every four or six hours, according to the severity of the case. Diet—Rather liberal than otherwise, but compatible with the remedies used. XII. FURUNCULOUS (Bile.) Furunculous. (From the Latin furo, to rage.) So named from the violence of the heat and inflammation at- tending it. A bile is a circumscribed, prominent, deep red, inflam- matory swelling, exceedingly painful, which terminates slowly by suppuration, frequently producing considerable constitutional disturbance, particularly in irritable per- sons, and sometimes spasms in children. Richerand says, that the origin of biles depends upon a disordered state of the gastric organs ; and the disease has been observed by others to occur more frequently in the Spring. But they * When the case referred to demanded Carbo.-veg., I also applied it externally, by mixing very finely powdered charcoal with a simple, meal poultice to the part, and with considerable advantage. 404 homeopathic practice of medicine. occur at all seasons of the year, and most frequently with- out any special assignable cause. Treatment.—When constitutional symptoms attend, such as fever, accelerated pulse, and head-ache. Aconite. If there are symptoms threatening spasm; or the bile is much inflamed, painful, and slow to mature. Belladonna. When the bile is large and threatens to become carbun- culous. Arsenicum and Belladonna. When the bile is small, and there is a rough, un- healthy state of the skin generally. Sulphur. When there is a disposition to biles, give Lycopod., Phos., and Sulphur ; each once a week for four or five weeks. Administration.—When the bile is large, and at- tended with constitutional symptoms, give the remedy in- dicated every three or four hours until the urgency of the symptoms passes off; then extend the time accordingly. External Applications.—Simple poultices of bread and milk or slippery elm, will tend very materially to mitigate the local suffering, and favor suppuration. XIII. SYCOSIS. (Warts.) Sycoma, (from the Greek, signifying a fig) are exere- cences or small tuberosities, resembling a fig, occurring on the hands, face, or other parts. Treatment.—If the warts are fleshy or seedy. Causticum. ULCUS. 405 When they are flat, hard or brittle. Anti.-crude. When located on the back of the fingers. Dulcamara. When they are on the sides of the fingers. Calcarea-carb. When on the face. Causticum, Dulcamara, Sepia. When on the nose. Causticum. When caused by Syphilis. Mercurius, Nit-acid. Administration.—Give the remedy selected, once every second day, for three or four administrations ; then once a week until the warts disappear. When two or three remedies are named, give them in the order in which they are named, three or four doses of each, at the above intervals. External Applications.—Great benefit has frequently been derived from occasionally touching the warts with the Tinct. Rhus-tox., and the milky juice which exudes from the Carduus-marianus, (the common milk-weed ;) all other applications should be strictly avoided, such as caustics, puncturing, etc. Diet and Regimen—Strictly homoeopathic while under treatment. XIV. ULCUS. (Ulcers.) Ulcus, (from the Greek, a sore.) The causes of ulcers are very various ; anything that tends to produce an in- flammation of apart, contused wounds, etc., or a specific irritation of the absorbents, from Scurvy, Cancer, Mer- cury, venerial or scrofulous virus. Treatment.—In order to treat ulcers successfully, the 406 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. cause, or the peculiar dyscrasia of the organism must first claim our attention and be antidoted as far as possible ; then the character, or, in other words, the appearance of the ulcer must direct the remedy ; thus When the ulcer is the result of a contused wound. Arnica. When caused by the injudicious use of Mercury. Hepar-sulph., Aurum. When caused by Syphilis. Mercurius, Aurum, Nitric-acid. When it depends upon scrofula. Calc-carb., Belladonna, Ferrum, Silex. Structure, Shape, and Appearance. For an ulcer of a fistulous character, having a small sinus opening ; 1st. Antim., Calc, Silex, Sulphur, Lycopo- dium. 2nd. Asafi, Carbo-veg., Nitric-acid. For superficial ulcers ; 1st. Lachesis, Merc, Thuja. 2nd. Arsenicum and Lycopodium. For hard ulcers with indurated or calloused edges: Arsenicum, Carbo-veg., Lachesis, Mercurius. For carious ulcers; 1st. Assafcetida, Mercurius, Au- rum. 2nd. Phos.-acid, Ruta and Sabina. For cancerous appearing ulcers ; 1st. Arsenicum, La- chesis, Merc, Conium. 2nd. Aurum, Clematis, Nitric-acid, Sepia, Staphysagra. For fungous ulcers; 1st Arsenicum, Carbo-Animalis Petroleum, Sepia. 2nd. Carbo-veg., Phosphorus, Thuja. ulcus. 407 For varicose ulcers ; 1st. Carbo-veg., Pulsatilla, Sulphur. 2nd. Arsenicum, Causticum, Graph., Lycopodium. For deep ulcers; 1st. Mercurius, Nitric-acid. 2nd. Calc, Sepia, Silex. For ulcers with shaggy, ragged edges. Arsenicum, Petrol, Silex. For blue-appearing ulcers. Assafcetida, Conium, Lachesis. For gray-appearing ulcers. Merc. Causticum, Silex. For yellow, mattery-looking ulcers. Calc-carb., Silex, Sulphur. For unclean, dirty, foul ulcers. Lachesis, Sabina, Kreosote. For ulcers, with an inflamed, red border. Arsenicum, Rhus-tox., Sulphur. For black, gangrenous ulcers. Arsenicum, Secale, Carbo-veg., Lachesis, Scilla. For ulcers disposed to bleed. Carbo-veg., Conium, Lachesis, Phos.-acid. For very painful ulcers ; 1st. Arsenicum, Graph., Silex. 2nd. Arnica, Asa., Belladonna, Pulsatilla. For torpid, painless ulcers. Carbo-veg., Opium, Kreosote, Sepia. For ulcers, with burning or stinging pains. Arsenicum, Rhus-tox., Carbo-veg., Mezerium. There are many other drugs named for the different con- ditions and appearances of ulcers ; to enumerate them systematically, together with their pathogenesy, would re- quire a volume. The above are the principal ones; 408 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. those wishing to go further are most respectfully referred to the Materia Medica, or Symptomen Codex. Administration.—Give the remedies indicated as they . are arranged, and repeat them once or twice a day, as may be necessary, judging from the condition of the ulcer, its virulence, etc. Then wait a reasonable time to see what has been accomplished ; if there is an improvement which continues, leave well enough alone ; but if there is no material improvement, or if the improvement produced by the first remedies does not continue, then give the remedies second in order similar to the first. Diet—In accordance with the remedies used, and the ends to be accomplished. Note.—For old indolent ulcers, or those of a gangrenous character, wash them occasionally with dilute Carbolic Acid—Bay about a teaspoonful of the ncid to a gill of water; or, if the ulcer is very sensitive, apply the acid with tho Spray or Patent Vaporizer. CHAPTER XV. EXANTHEMATA. {Eruptive Fevers.) Exanthemata, is derived from the Greek, to flow; and is used to designate those acute contagious affections in which an efflorescence or eruption appears on the surface of the body. Such fevers are of a strictly specific cha- racter: that is, each disease of this class has its own specific cause, and cannot be produced by any other; for example, if we are exposed to the contagion of Scarlet Fever, it will act upon the susceptibility of the system with a certain latent period, and produce Scarlet Fever, unless the susceptibility or predisposition has been eradi- cated by a previous impression, or interrupted by consti- tutional idiosyncrasy, when the contagion will prove harmless, and produce no other disease. So with Small Pox and Measles ; each one spreads its own peculiar contagion, producing diseases " sui generis," with the primary and no other. They are all communicated by contagion, and possess the power of completely eradicating the susceptibility of the system to subsequent impressions of their respective characters. There are, however, exceptions to all general rules. Small Pox contagion may act upon the system, and not completely destroy the entire susceptibility; in such a case, upon subsequent exposure, an attack of Vario- loid, or Small Pox in a modified form will be the result; 410 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. these cases are, however, rare. The same will apply to Scarlet Fever and Measles. I. VARIOLA. (Small Pox.) Vabiola. (From various, changing color, because it dis- figures the skin.) This is a disease of a very contagious nature, and is supposed to have been introduced into Europe from Arabia. The Arabian physicians were the first to give a description of it, in the tenth century. It was sup- posed by them to have been brought originally from Ethiopia into Arabia, and from thence conveyed into the Levant, Spain, and Sicily, by the Saracens. It prevailed to an alarming extent, and with fearful fatality, during the Christian wars, for the recovery of the Holy Land from the Saracens, during the eleventh and twelfth cen- turies; and it has prevailed to a greater or less extent from that time up to the present period. Small Pox is distinguished into two varieties, viz.: the Distinct and Confluent. .The former appears in distinct, elevated pustules, scattered all over the body; the latter consists in exceedingly numerous pustules, running into each other, and which are flat, irregular, and coherent. There are four stages to be observed during the course of the disease: the febrile, the eruptive, the maturative, and that of declination, or scabbing. DiAGNosis.-The initiatory symptoms, before the develop- ment of the variolus fever, are very similar to those of common cold ; languor, weariness, aching pains in the back and limbs, slight, creeping chills.H&ushes of heat, and pain in the forehead: frequently, the eyes are injected; VARIOLA. 411 sneezing, and a flowing coryza ; thirst; sickness of the stomach, and pain in the epigastrium. These symptoms continue for a few days, when they become decidedly more inflammatory; the skin is hot and dry, the pulse full and tense, with severe pain in the head, flushed face and urgent thirst; the mind is confused and sometimes wan- dering, and slight haemorrhages are apt to occur from the nose ; these symptoms continue from a few hours to three or four days, when the eruption can be felt beneath the skin, like so many shot; it first appears on the forehead and about the nose and mouth, then on the arms, chest, and abdomen, and lastly, on the inferior extremities: so that in about twenty-four hours it is gene- rally spread over the entire body. The eruption at first consists of red, elevated points, with inflamed bases, or slight areolas; toward the latter part of the second day, or the beginning of the third, the pustules begin to pre- sent central depressions, which, in a few hours, become a distinguishing mark in all of them. They gradually increase in size, and their depressed centres become more conspicuous, until the fourth day, when they appear of a disky, whitish color, surrounded by a pale, red areola; but when the pustules are very numerous or confluent, the areola or redness runs together, and gives a general appearance of redaess to the interspaces. From the fifth to the seventh day, the limpid fluid which first appeared in the pustules, becomes more abundant, extends to the base of the pustules, and gradually changes from its serous to a purulent character; at which time, the fever accompanying the eruption, becomes much less, which marks the commencement of the stage of suppuration. As this stage advances, the febrile symptoms arise, the face is frequently swollen and the eye-lids tumid, sometimes 412 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. entirely closing the eyes, which occurs about the eighth day. On the tenth or eleventh day, the swelling of the face begins to recede, the hands and feet frequently swell, and the entire system becomes exceedingly sore; during this stage the patient most generally complains of sore- ness of the fauces and throat. About the twelfth day completes the pustule; the matter becomes more opaque and yellow, and the centre of the pustule brown, gradually extending and growing harder, until it is cemented into a brown, dry scab. Dissication commences (like the early appearance of the eruption) on the face first ; it is common to see the face covered with tolerably dry scabs, when the pustules on the extremities are hardly fully matured. When the scabs fall off they leave a red disc, which gradually disap- pears, leaving no traces in mild cases ; but if the erup- tion is severe, the suppuration will frequently destroy not only the skin, but also the sub-cuticular tissue, leaving marks or pits, which disfigure the person for life. Confluent Small Pox, is a more aggravated form ; the pain in the head, back and limbs, the fever, and all the attending symptoms are necessarily more severe. I have seen cases of this variety, in which the pustules ran into each other, so as to form a scab covering almost the entire surface; the least motion would tear them apart, producing fissures from which the blood would ooze and mix in with the scabs, producing the most loathsome ap- pearance; the face was enormously swollen; the eyes closed, and the sufferers hardly appeared like human beings. The eruption generally makes its appearance earlier in this variety, and is not marked with the regular course which characterizes the distinct form; the matter in the pustules is dark and sometimes acquires a corrosive char- VARIOLA. 413 acter. About the eighth or ninth day of the eruption, it frequently exudes from the pustules, forming large brown scales, which fall off, from the seventh to the fifteenth day, leaving cicatrices and fissures running in every direction, and frequently producing the most hideous deformity. It is not uncommon for the fever in this variety to assume a typhoid type, running the patient down into a low state of insensibility and death. The pustules in both varieties are apt to affect the throat and eyes, which demand the closest attention. Cause.—All that can be said in relation to the cause of Small Pox is, that it can only arise from a peculiar con- tagion, which occurs both under the form of visible matter, and imperceptible effluvium, and we must confess our igno- rance both of its nature and origin. Its visitations are generally at distinct intervals, in epidemic form ; but what the atmospheric conditions are that favor its action, is a matter as unaccountable as the nature of the conta- gion itself; for it is as liable to prevail in mid-winter as in either of the other seasons of the year, and it is not confined to age or sex. But the liability to become affected by it varies very much in different individuals, of course, depending upon idiosyncracy, temperament, predisposition, etc. Treatment.—During the first stage, when the febrile excitement is high, give Aconite. If there is severe head-ache ; sensitiveness to light, and delirium, give Belladonna. Or Belladonna in alternation with Aconite, particularly if the above symptoms, indicating the former drug are 414 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. present in addition to those of the latter, which is most invariably the case. When in addition to either of the above, or after the administration of Aconite and Belladonna, the patient com- plains of severe back-ache, and a general soreness. Bryonia. If the patient is inclined to a stupor, is rather difficult to rouse, and sleeps with heavy breathing or snoring. Opium. During the second or eruptive stage, if the eruption does not come out free, and there appears to be a congestive state, the mind wandering. Stramonium. If in this stage the patient is troubled with a loose, rattling cough, and upon inspection pustules are forming in the throat. Tart-emetic During the third or suppurative stage, there is fre- quently considerable fever, which demands a few doses of Aconite and Mercurius. The latter more particularly if the tongue is foul and slimy. But should the eruption appear very dark, inclining to black, and the skin turn blue or livid; the patient's strength failing, give Arsenicum. If in the confluent form, typhoid symptoms appear ; tongue dark brown ; sordes on the teeth ; mind wander- ing ; great debility. Rhus-tox., and Arsenicum, in alternation. The fourth stage, (Dessication,) requires an occasional dose of ✓ Sulphur. VARIOLA. 415 The above remedies have all been used very satisfac- torily in this disease. Notwithstanding, I am very much inclined to believe that Small Pox can be treated very satisfactorily with Aconite, Variolin, and Tart-emetic; for. during either stage, if there is much fever, Aconite must constitute the chief drug, and the other two are the speci- fics, the one more as a prophylactic, and the other as a curative. Aconite, during the initiatory symptoms in the first stage. As soon as there is any appearance of the erup- tion, give the Variolin, two or three doses, at intervals of two or three hours, which will very materially diminish the crop of pustules, and prevent a full development of those which have already made their appearance. Then give the Tart-emetic, every three or four hours, until the eruption begins to scab. In addition to the appropriate drugs in the different stages, it is frequently necessary to use some for collateral symptoms, such as extreme restlessness and inability to sleep. I have always found Chamomilla and Hyosciam. suffi- cient to quiet, the former, if there is any tendency to diarrhoea, and the latter in the absence of that symptom. Administration.—There are four distinct stages in this disease which require their appropriate treatments ; the drugs should, therefore, be repeated in each stage as often as every two hours, if the symptoms are at all urgent; if mild, repeating them in three, or even four hours will answer. The eyes should be frequently washed with cold water ; and if they are closed by swelling of the lids, a small piece of linen, wet in cold water should be kept constantly 416 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. applied, in order to prevent the formation of pocks on the eyes. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be light; thin gruel, tapioca, arrow-root, and rice-water, with cooling beverages ; the apartments clean and well ventilated. II. VARIOLOID. (Modified Small Pox.) Varioloid is a modified species of Small Pox, which appears in those who have been exposed to the Small Pox contagion, after having the susceptibility to taking Small Pox partially but not fully eradicated by previous inocu- lation or vaccination. It appeared to a great extent soon after the introduction of vaccination, and was regarded as Chicken-Pox. There are several varieties of Varioloid, which are diagnosed and treated as distinct diseases, but they are of the same family, the offspring of a common parent, owing their peculiarities to predisposition, idiosyn- cracies, temperament, etc. Among these varieties are Swine-pock, Canoidal-pock, and Horned-pock. Diagnosis.—There is not that uniformity in the stages of this variety, as there is in Small Pox. The eruption generally appears earlier, the pustule matures quicker, and is not filled with opaque, purulent-looking matter; and as the scabs are formed by the drying of the pustules, it is neither so dark nor so thick as in Small Pox, and instead of leaving pits or marks, by the separation of the scabs, (which usually takes place on the eighth or ninth day,) they leave red discs or rather elevations, instead of depres- sions, unless some of the scabs are very thick, when the depressions are left, but of a different character from the true variolus mark. But little is to be learned from the VACCINA. 417 preceding and accompanying fever, for I have seen the fever very high, with headache and pains in the limbs severe, and the patient delirious, previous to the appear- ance of a very few (not more than ten or twelve) varioloid pustules; generally, it is true, there is not much fever accompanying the eruption; as it appears the fever passea off; it was literally so in my case. Causes, Treatment, Diet, and Regimen, the same as in Small Pox. in. VACCINA. (Cow Pox.) We are indebted to Dr. Jenner for the introduction of this artificial inoculation, as a salutary check or prophy- lactic to one of the most fatal maladies. It is true that its effects had been previously noticed among those engaged in dairies in different parts of England, by its being communicated accidentally from the udders of the cow to the hands of the milkers. It was also successfully practised, and a formal report made; but to Jenner are we indebted for its general introduction, and, in tho language of Eberle, " there is now no civilized people on earth, amongst whom its blessings have not been largely experienced, and gratefully acknowledged." Diagnosis and Progress.—When the human subject becomes inoculated with this vaccine virus, it goes through the following course, in order to be a genuine pock. Generally on the third day after the introduction of the matter, a slight inflammation will appear where the puncture was made ; on the fourth day it appears more like a pimple, with a faint areola encircling it. The pimple gradually enlarges until, on the latter part of the 418 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. fifth day, it has assumed a regular circumscribed form, flattened or depressed in the centre, and containing a semi-transparent, limpid fluid. It continues to enlarge from the fifth to the ninth day, at which time it is matured, and some constitutional symptoms appear, such as head- ache, fever, pain, and lameness of the arm, and sometimes an enlargement of the glands of the axillae. On the eight day the areola that first encircled the pock gets darker, and moderately increases until the tenth or eleventh, when it becomes hard and of a deep red color ; the centre of the pustule grows darker, and gradually extends until the pustule is converted into a scab, of a deep mahogany color, and slowly begins to loosen, so as to fall off between the third and fourth week. This is the course and appearance of a genuine pock, and any material deviation from it is spurious. For instance, when the matter forms sooner than the fifth or sixth day, and the areola encircling the pock is of a dark, bluish, or purple hue, the base of the pock hard and indurated, and its centre not depressed, you may infer that it is spurious, and no shield or protection against Small Pox. Therefore, carefully observe the course and appearance of the pustule, in order to be sure of its genuineness. IV. VARICELLA. (Chicken Pox.) This disease was supposed by many to be a species of Small Pox, and described as such, and continues to go under various cognomens, such as Bastard-pox, Spurious-pox, Lymphatic-pox, Chrystalli, etc. ; and there is yet much to be learned as regards its true character. That it is one of the same family I have no hesitation in saying, and that it can be produced by variolus contagion, I know to be a VARICELLA. 419 fact, having seen not only varioloid, but varicella follow Small Pox, in a house perfectly isolated, while not another case was to be found in the vicinity. Again, it prevails epidemically, entirely independent, as it were, of any other than its own immediate contagious principle. One great peculiarity of these diseases, is that varioloid and varicella appear as degenerate modifications of Small Pox, caused by the same contagion, but neither of them capable of generating or producing a disease of the same family,of a higher order. Small Pox contagion will produce Vario- loid, but Varioloid cannot produce Small-pox; again, Small Pox, or the contagion from Varioloid, can produce Chicken Pox, but the contagion arising from Chicken Pox cannot produce either of the others. Diagnosis.—This disease is of rather a mild character, and seldom attended with much fever, excepting in very severe cases, when the pain in the head, back, and limbs is sometimes rather violent. The initial symptoms, such as lassitude, some headache, alternate flashes, and mild shud- dering chills continue from one to three days before the appearance of the vesicular eruption ; this first appears on the breast and back, then on the face and scalp, and lastly on the extremities, and is generally accompanied by a disagreeable itching of the skin. The eruption appears very irregularly, some of it appearing while a part is dry- ing up and scabbing, and anotherpart again is full of lymph at the same time ; it generally comes out in three or four days, and passes off with the same irregularity. It con- sists at first of small, red, shining elevations, with a small vesicle in its centre ; at the end of the second day becomes somewhat distended and filled with lymph ; on the suc- ceeding day it assumes a yellowish color, on the following 420 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. becomes shriveled, and by the fifth or sixth day changes into a thin, brown scab, which falls off on or about the ninth day, seldom leaving pits or depressions in the skin. Treatment.—If there is much fever with pain in the head during the initiatory stage give Aconite. If there are rheumatic symptoms ; pain in the back, and drawing pains in the limbs. Bryonia. For bilious and nervous symptoms, such as nausea, icte rode eyes, sallow complexion, bilious, alvine evacuations ; the patient is nervous, fretful and peevish. Rhus-tox., and Bryonia. When there arc creeping chills ; some pain in the head; oppression of the chest and palpitation of the heart. Pulsatilla. If the patient is a child, severe symptoms of the head may appear, such as pain or congestion; injected eyes and flushed face ; some starting and twitching, as if from ap- proaching spasms ; give Belladonna. After the eruption has scabbed, and while the scabs are falling off, give once or twice a day for a week a dose of Sulphur. The above is all that is necessary in this disease, and frequently it does not require any medication Diet and Regimen.—Mild diet; avoid highly-seasoned dishes, drink cooling beverages, and avoid exposure to cold Administration.—Give the appropriate drug every three or four hours, unless there arc symptoms of spasms: then repeat them every hour until those symptoms dis- appear. RUBEOLA. 421 V. RUBEOLA. (Measles.) Rubeola, (from rubeo, to become red,) is characterized by fever, hoarseness, dry cough, sneezing, dullness, and about the third or fourth day, by an eruption of small red points or dots, which after the third day of their ap- pearance " end in a mealy desquimation." It is a conta- gious disease and may prevail at any season of the year as an epidemic, but is generally most prevalent during the middle of the winter. Measles attacks persons of all ages, but most especially children, and generally like Scarlet Fever and Small Pox, seldom affects the same person a second time. Diagnosis.—The eruption is generally preceded by chilliness, shivering pain in the bead and back, frequently hoarseness and sore throat. Sometimes sickness and vomiting, heaviness about the eyes with some inflamma- tion and lachrymation, together with a discharge from the nose, with frequent sneezing. As the febrile symptoms increase a dry hacking cough sets in, the tongue becomes foul and covered with a white fur, and some oppression of the chest and great thirst are present. These symp- toms generally appear three or four days previous to the eruption, which comes out in the form of small red spots, rather elevated and very much resembling flea-bites ; they first appear on the forehead, and successively spread over the face, neck, chest, body, and extremities. The erup- tion soon enlarges and as it increases,runs together form- ing large, irregular patches ; and begins to fade the se- cond day of its appearance, from the face first, and in the same progressive manner with which it appeared. About the eighth or ninth day there is a yellowish appearance of 422 homeopathic practice of medicine. the skin, caused by a raising of the cuticle or scarf skin, which peels off and completes the stage of desquimation. It is quite common for the fever to continue after the eruption has entirely disappeared ; and the catarrhal cough that accompanies the eruption frequently continues, proving very troublesome, with hoarseness and almost an entire loss of voice. The eyelids and face are generally considerably swollen during the eruption ; which is not to be considered as a very material symptom in regard to severity. Some authors, particularly Armstrong, divide this disease into three varieties, viz. : the simple, inflam- matory, and congestive, to which Eberle adds the typhus and congestive;&\\ these are nothing more than different grades of severity. The inflammatory is marked by a higher grade of fever ; the congestive by the ordinary characteristics of internal congestion ; face and surface pale ; pulse con- tracted ; respiration slow and oppressed, and a general depressed state of the vital energies, the typhus by gen- eral prostration; small feeble pulse; dark and dry tongue; sordes on the teeth, and colliquative hemorrhages. Cause.—Specific contagion. Treatment.—It is seldom necessary to medicate much in measles ; Aconite and Pulsatilla, are the principal reme- dies, and are regarded as specifics in its usual form. Administer the Aconite two or three times, at intervals of about three hours ; then give it in alternation with Pul- satilla, every four or six hours, according to the urgency of the symptoms. But should there be appearances of congestion of the brain ; eyes much injected, face swollen, skin very red, and the patient a child ; with startings, or symptoms of convulsions, give Belladonna, Gdseminum. RUBEOLA. 423 Should the cough prove very troublesome, and produce pain or soreness of the chest. Bryonia. Should the measles strike in, or suddenly recede ; sur- face pale, and sickness of the stomach. Ipecac Or Ipecac in alternation with Bryonia. If the skin appears blue, or inclining to brown. Arsenicum. For the typhoid symptoms ; such as prostration, mind wandering, tongue coated with a dark fur, pulse feeble, lips dry and parched, skin dry and burning, limbs tremu- lous- Rhus-tox. Pain and a discharge from the ear are very common after measles, which require Pulsatilla and Sulphur. When the eruption has entirely passed off, and desqui- mation taken place, Sulphur should be given once or twice a day, until the stage is completed. Administration.—When the symptoms are mild, it is not necessary to repeat the drugs oftener than every four hours ; but should they be severe, the medicines may be repeated with benefit every hour or two, particularly if the eruption strikes in, or there are appearances of con- gestion or spasms. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be light and un- irritating, chiefly farinaceous. The room of moderate temperature. Observe great care in avoiding cold during either stage, more particularly that of disquimation, as a train of secondary affections is prone to follow the taking of cold during convalescence from Measles; such as cough, hoarseness, discharges from the ears, sore eyes, and gene ral catarrhal and rheumatic affections. 424 homeopathic practice of medicine. VI. SCARLATINA. (Scarlet Fever ) Scarlatina, (from scarlatto, the Italian, for a deep red,) is emphatically the Mastidon among diseases peculiar to infancy and youth, having produced greater havoc among children than any other disease incident to them. It appears in every degree of violence, from the mildest to the most malignant form, is highly contagious, prevails generally as an epidemic, and like other eruptive fevers, seldom, if ever, attacks the same individual a second time. It is distinguished into three varieties, viz. : Scarlatina simplex, Scarlatina anginosa, and Scarlatina, maligna. Diagnosis.—The premonitory symptoms of Scarlet Fever are similar to those of other febrile diseases, and continue from two to three days previous to those more immediately preceding the appearance of the eruption ; which consist in chills, flushes of heat, headache, de- pression, nausea, sometimes vomiting, pains in the loins and extremities, hot and dry skin, and quick pulse. In about thirty-six or forty-eight hours after the com- mencement of the fever, the scarlet eruption comes out in innumerable fine red points, and becoming confluent, gives the skin a peculiar red appearance, resembling (in the language of Armstrong,) " the shell of a boiled lobster." The eruption appears first on the face, and spreads suc- cessively over the neck, trunk, and extremities. Gene- rally before the appearance of the eruption, and soon after the commencement of the fever, there is a slight soreness of the fauces, attended with some difficulty in swallowing, and a change of voice; the face is slightly s'wollen; the tongue covered with a white fur, through which can be seen the enlarged and elevated red papillae, which is one SCARLATINA. 425 of the surest diagnostics in Scarlatina. The eruption and fever are at their height on the fourth day, at the latter part of which, and the beginning of the fifth, the fever moderately abates, and the eruption begins to fade, so that by the seventh day, they have entirely disappeared, and desquimation commences. About the eighth, the urine becomes copious, and sometimes moderate diarrhoea sets in; some itching of the skin, and moderate perspira- tion. The above is a brief description of Scarlatina in its simple form. In the Anginose variety, the fever and the difficulty of the throat, (as the term implies,) are far more severe, and there is sometimes, from the very commencement of the fever, a soreness of the muscles of the neck, the tonsils are red and tumid ; deglutition is painful, respiration difficult, and attended with a sense of constriction of the throat; the febrile symptoms are urgent, pulse quick, skin hot and dry; the tongue dry and red, with projecting in- flamed papilas, and marked prostration during the entire course of the disease. The eruption generally makes its appearance about the third day of the fever, and does not come out so full, And with the same regularity, as in the simple form, but ap- pears in large patches or clusters, on different parts of the body, particularly the elbows, and frequently disap- pears on the first day, and partially reappears at uncertain periods, without any marked change in the general course of the disease. The tonsils and palate seldom become ulcerated when the fever abates on the fourth or fifth day, but if it extends beyond that time, ulcers appear, which rapidly terminates in ash-colored sloughs, and frequently a train of acute and alarming symptoms follow, such as bronchitis, inflammation, or con- 426 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. gestion of the brain, with fatal coma, abdominal inflam- mation and dropsy. The Malignant form commences very like the preceding varieties, but, as Eberle remarks, " it soon betrays its violent and dangerous character." The eruption appears irregularly from the second to the third day, and is not very profuse, disappearing and reappearing on different parts of the body; the intervening skin is paler than usual, and the heat is very variable; the pulse is small and feeble, and the mind wandering; the eyes are dull and heavy, face flushed, and of a livid appearance, tongue dry, and covered with a dark brown fur, breath offensive, palate and fauces covered with a slough, which soon be- comes dark and even fetid. I have frequently seen this variety with the only appearance of an eruption on the point ofthe elbow; with the pipallas of the tongue raised, the eyes injected, pulse quick and very feeble, the skin, hot, dry, and quite pale, and soon after,a development of thoracic and abdominal difficulty. In cases of a very violent character, if the little patient is hot cut off by a disturbed function of the brain, or allopathic treatment, during the early stage ; the dis- ease is sometimes protracted to two or three weeks, and collapse supervenes. The pulse sinks rapidly, the surface becomes cold, and haemorrhages frequently occur before death finally closes the scene. Treatment.—The superiority of Homoeopathic treat- ment above all others, in Scarlet Fever, requires no labored defence; for its success has been faithfully pre- sented to the world by a comparison of facts ; and if stands forth in bold relief, invulnerable to the vitupera- SCARLATINA. 427 tion of its most violent opposers. The discovery by Hahnemann, of Belladonna, as a specific for Scarlet Fever places him beside the immortal Jenner, to be remembered and admired by generations yet unborn. That Belladonna (if properly used) is as sure a preventive of Scarlet Fever, as Vaccination is of Small Pox, there is not a single question. I have used it more than a hundred times, and other medical gentlemen have also used it at my suggestion; yet in not a single instance have I known it to fail, and that too when I was a violent opposer of Homoeopathy. The skeptical on this point, are particularly requested to use the drug during the prevalence of Scarlet Fever as an epidemic, after the following directions: Mix ten drops of the tincture of the third potency in a wine glass full of water, stir it well, and to children under two years of age, give about half a teaspoonful three times a day; to those over two years, a teaspoonful; and to adults, one drop ofthe tincture in a draught of cold water. Ad- minister it thus for about two days, unless a slight ver- tigo, or an uneasiness about the throat is felt, or a faint rash should appear about the neck, or on the point of the elbow, when it should be discontinued. At the same time observe the homoeopathic diet; select your cases, give it to a part of a family, or in schools to a number that are equally subject to taking the disease, and not to the others. By so doing, if skepticism will admit of convic- tion, the most skeptical and prejudiced must be converted. The medicines required in the simple form, are Aconite, Belladonna, and Sulphur. During the initiatory or forming stage, with headache and fever. Aconite, Gclseminum. During the eruption. Belladonna. 428 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Or if there is much fever during the eruption, the Aco- nite may be given in alternation with Belladonna. After the eruption has disappeared, and desquimation taken place. Sulphur. Administration.—Give the Aconite, or the Aconite and Belladonna in alternation, (if indicated,) every three or four hours ; if the symptoms are mild, every four or six hours will answer. The Sulphur should be given once or twice a day during convalesence. The Anginose variety sometimes requires in addition to the drugs named, Mercurius, Bryonia, Ipecac, and Opium. After the administration of Aconite and Belladonna, if the throat appears quite sore, and the soreness extends to the ears ; tonsils are enlarged, and a stitching pain in them when swallowing, with an accumulation of saliva in the mouth. Mercurius. If the face is swollen ; mouth dry, tongue coated with a white or yellow fur ; throat dry and difficulty in swal- lowing ; nausea, with or without pain in the stomach ; and if the eruption loses its brightness and rather inclines to a yellow Bryonia. Or if the eruption recedes and there is nausea, give Ipecac, in alternation with Bryonia. Should there be congestion of the brain inclining to coma; the patient sleeping and difficult to be aroused, give Opium. And Sulphur during desquimation and convalescence as previously directed. Administration.—In this variety it is necessary to SCARLATINA. 429 repeat the drugs as often as every two hours, until the symptoms that indicated their use are ameliorated ; then in three or four hours, as they may be required. In the Malignant Scarlet fever, when ulceration of the glands has taken place, indicated by an offensive breath, mouth filled with a stringy, slimy saliva, and a foul tongue. Mercurius. When in addition to the above symptoms there is start- ing or jerking of the patient upon closing his eyes ; a difficulty in swallowing liquids ; head affected and sensi- tiveness to light; give Belladonna in alternation with Mercurius. If there is great difficulty in swallowing ; swelling and redness of the tonsils, with a disposition to suppurate ; offensive, bad taste in the mouth with burning heat, or soreness and gangrenous parts in the mouth ; difficulty in articulating ; want of sleep or tossing about while asleep, with moaning. Lachesis. If the surface is rather below the ordinary temperature, particularly of the extremities, with dryness of the skin and petechias; or black-appearing blisters ; countenance sunken or puffed and bloated ; parched lips ; dark tongue and violent thirst. Arsenicum. If the above conditions exist without thirst and the saliva appears bloody. Acid-Nitric Should coma supervene, give Opium. But if coma is attended with a general coldness, give Camphor. Administration.—The drugs should be repeated every two, three, or four hours, judging from the urgency of the 430 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. symptoms and the effects of the medicines ; unless the condition exists demanding the use of Camphor, which should be repeated every half hour or hour, until a gen- tle glow of warmth succeeds the coldness. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be mild, unirritat- ing, and of a mucilaginous character ; drink cold water, black tea, cocoa, crust and cracker water, keep the apart- ment well ventilated, and of a moderate temperature.* VII. ECZEMA. Eczema, (from the Greek, to boil out.) This is a vesicular eruption, and is divided by Cazenave into three varieties, viz. :— 1st. Eczema simplex.—Consisting of innumerable small, transparent vesicles closely approximated, without sur- rounding inflammation ; the vesicles are first filled with a watery, transparent fluid, which soon becomes opaque, the vesicles shrivel, the fluid is absorbed and the cuticle des- quimates slowly. The only premonitory symptom noticed, is a slight itching, previous to the appearance of the eruption. 2nd. Eczema rubrum.—ln this variety the surface of the part affected is inflamed and red, and covered with small pimples of a white and shining appearance ; vesicles soon * Great relief is obtained by sponging the patient with tepid water, or rather inclining to cold, when the pulse is contracted and quick, the skin exceedingly hot and dry, and the mind wandering. It will serve as a powerful auxiliary in producing a gentle perspiratkm, relieve the cere- bral oppression, and give freedom to the pulse. I have frequently prac- ticed it, and it has always acted like a charm, producing a perfectly quies- cent state, and putting the patient into a tranquil and refreshing sleep. ECZEMA. 431 rise about the size of a pin's head, surrounded with red areolas. In about six or seven days the fluid in the vesicles is absorbed, and as they dry up and desquimate, they leave a pale, red surface, completely covered with small, rounded papulas, rising from whitish discs. 3rd. Eczema impetiginodes.—This variety generally pre- sents considerable inflammation and swelling of the parts affected ; the vesicles are confluent and filled with a sero- purulent fluid ; they soon break, and the fluid forms thin, soft, yellowish scales, and often rather extensive crusts ; when these fall off, the skin beneath does not appear per- fected, and a reddish fluid exudes, which again dries and forms thin scales. Causes.—This disease is not considered contagious, although it has frequently been caused by repeated con- tact. It is said that the continued use of Mercury and irritating applications to the skin, such as blisters, turpen- tine, lime, mustard-plasters, and exciting oils and oint- ments have been known to produce it, and it frequently occurs between the fingers of women in child-bed. Treatment.—When this disease commences with inflam- matory symptoms, or considerable febrile heat. Aconite. When the eruption is of the impetiginodes variety, con- fluent, and filled with a sero-purulent fluid ; or a violent itching of the skin, with an eruption of small vesicles, forming scales, which are painful, and discharge a reddish serum. Kali-Bichrom. When there is itching, stinging, and smarting of the skin, with a humid, crusty eruption ; considerable inflam- mation, and a painful burning of the surface, Conium 432 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. maculatum : and more especially if the pains and itching are worse on waking the patient from sleep. When the eruption consists in large elevated patches, appearing more particularly on the face and elbows ; burning and itching of the skin ; or when the skin appears in an unhealthy condition after the eruption has partially passed off, and is prone to ulcerate and suppurate. Calc-carb. When the eruption is of the second variety, {Eczem,a rubrum,) the skin is red and inflamed, with a burning, smarting sensation ; small confluent vesicles filled with a. sero-purulent fluid arise, dry up and form a white, scaly surface, rather tender to the touch, and sometimes con- siderable soreness of the integument beneath the part affected. Arsenicum. When the eruption consists of red pustules ; or small burning vesicles, confluent and exuding a milky or watery fluid, and forming a rough, scaly surface, with cracks and fissures in the skin. Rhus-tox. And Rhus-tox. especially if the symptoms are aggra- vated at night. When the eruption is of the mercurial appearance ; the skin red and imparting heat to the hand ; an itching and tingling sensation is felt on different parts of the body; the parts become red and covered with vesicles, at first filled with a transparent fluid, which becomes turbid and dries up, and the skin {epidermis) desquimates, leav- ing large patches ; some considerable pain upon changing position and felt more at night. Mercurius. When the above occurs with palpitation of the heart. Digitalis. ROSEOLA. 438 When Eczema occurs after a cold. Dulcamara. And when the eruption has passed off, the skin remains rough and irritable ; or a degree of dryness remains with some heat. Sulphur. Sulphur is also one of the best remedies we possess for that coldness of the extremities, which depends upon a want of capillary circulation, or for the moderate congestion that frequently exists after the disappearance of an erup- tive disease. Administration.—The remedy indicated may be ad- ministered every four or six hours until the eruption dis- appears ; then Sulphur once or twice a day until the con- dition indicating its use is entirely changed for the better. Diet and Regimen—As in other eruptive diseases. VIII. ROSEOLA. Roseola. (From the Latin, rosa, a rose; so called from the color of the rash.) It is applied to a rose-colored efflorescence, generally appearing as symptomatic of, or in connection with, other febrile diseases; and is divided into the following varieties, viz.: 1st. Roseola aestiva, which appears in small, separate, and irregular patches, of a deep roseate hue, producing considerable itching and tingling. It occurs first on the face and neck, in course of a day or two is distributed over the body, and not unfrequently extends to the throat, producing some difficulty in swallowing. The eruption continues to grow darker until the fourth or fifth day, when it begins to decline, and passes off without desqui- 28 434 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. mating the cuticle. It is quite common, however, for it to reappear a second and even a third time. 2nd. Roseola autumnalis.—Occurs chiefly in children during autumn, and consists in distinct, circular, or oval patches, of a deep, damask rose hue, and varying in size from a three cent piece to a shilling. It generally ap- pears on the arms and sometimes desquimates as it dis- appears. 3d. Roseola annulata—Is not confined to any particu- lar part of the body, but very generally occurs on almost every part; the eruption is somewhat different from the other varieties, consisting in rose-colored rings, with natural appearing skin in the centre. 4th. Roseola infantilis—Is more of a rash which attacks infants while teething, or during a disordered state of the stomach and bowels ; it is very irregular in form and duration, and frequently occurs and disappears in a few hours. 5th. Roseola variolosa.—This occurs previous to the eruption in Variola, {Small Pox.) 6th. Roseola vaccina—Appears in a congeries of dots and small patches, generally on or about the ninth day after Vaccination ; it commences at the areola that sur- rounds the pustule and extends from thence all over the system, and is attended with considerable febrile heat, an accelerated pulse and restlessness. 7th. Roseola miliaris—Accompanies an eruption of mili- ary vesicles after a fever, and sometimes accompanies attacks of Gout and Rheumatism, especially if much fever is present. PURPURA. 435 Treatment.—The only drugs necessary for the success- ful treatment of Roseola, are Aconite, Belladonna, Bryonia, Chamomilla, and Sulphur. When the eruption occurs previous to the appearance of the variolus pustule, there are always constitutional symptoms sufficient to indicate the use of Aconite, or of Aconite and Belladonna, in alternation. When it occurs during the completion of the vaccine pustule, give Aconite during the activity of the febrile symptoms; then Sulphur, until it entirely disappears. When it occurs more according to the first variety, [Roseola aestiva.) 1st. Bryonia; 2nd. Belladonna; 3d. Sulphur. When the eruption consists in miliary vesicles during, or after an attack of fever, or in Gout and Rheumatism, with a peculiar stinging and tingling sensation. Bryonia. For that variety denominated Roseola infantilis, occuring in infants during dentition (teething.) Chamomilla. Administration.—Give the drug indicated every three or four hours, until the symptoms that indicated its admin- istration subside ; then Sulphur once or twice a day until .the skin assumes a healthy appearance. IX. PURPURA. The term Purpura is derived from the Greek, the name of a shell of purple color, {purpura, purple ;) and is ap- plied to an efflorescence, consisting of distinct purple specks and patches, appearing on different parts of the 436 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. body. It appears to be caused by an extravasation of blood beneath the cuticle, and is attended with general debility, but no itching, smarting or burning of the surface. Purpura is divided by some nosologists into five spe- cies, viz : 1st. Purpura simplex, which comprises the description already given. 2nd. Purpura urticans. This is very similar at first to urticaria {nettle rash,) but unattended with smarting, ting- ling and itching ; it however soon assumes a dark red or purple hue ; the little tumors (or efflorescence) soon begin to dilate and flatten to a level with the surrounding skin, and at length become livid. 3rd. Purpura senilis, occurs on the fore arms of elderly persons, (females more especially,) in successive dots or small dark purple blotches, continuing from a week to a fortnight, when the extravasated blood becomes absorbed. 4th. Purpura contagiosa. Is more of a petechial erup- tion, frequently observed in low typhoid fevers, Scarlet Fever and Small Pox, when threatened with putrescency, and is prone to occur in unhealthy, damp, filthy and crowded apartments. 5th. Purpura hemorrhagica. This is a much severer variety and is characterized by the most formidable symp- toms. The petechia are large and interspersed with vibi- ces and ecchymosed spots, which appear precisely like those resulting from severe blows or most violent bruises. It is not true that they appear first on the legs, and grad- ually ascend until every part of the body (excepting the face and hands) is covered by them, as is very generally asserted by authority. PURPURA. 437 During my professional life, I have seen several cases of the most formidable character ; three of these were in Small Pox ; another was that of a debilitated person of about thirty, which was unquestionably caused by the use of Iodine ; and two other cases were those of a fine little boy about ten years old, and a lady aged sixty-five, neither of which could be traced to any assignable cause, nor was the disease associated with any other. Diagnosis.—The last two cases referred to, were pre- ceded by a degree of lassitude, wandering pains in the limbs, loss of appetite, vertigo and headache ; the petechias appeared on the neck, chest and very generally over the entire body, were not a bright red, but a dark red or rather a dark claret-color, and varied in size from a flea- bite to a sixpenny piece ; the cuticle was raised in many places, appearing like blisters and filled with dark blood; and when the cuticle became abraded, the blood kept constantly oozing from the denuded surface. The roof of the mouth, the inside of the cheeks, the tongue and gums were somewhat swollen, congested, of a dark claret color, with blood oozing from every pore, forming the most distressing and annoying coagulums; the alvine evacuations were tinged with blood, large quantities of which were discharged with the urine; the most careful handling of the patient would produce a black and blue spot similar to a severe bruise. I recollect having seen another case at the commence- ment of my professional life, in company with my esteem- ed friend and benefactor, Dr. C. C. Kiersted. The pa- tient was a little boy about three years old, apparently in good health when the purpura appeared, and actually bled to death by a constant oozing of blood from the sur- 438 homeopathic practice of medicine. face. The eruption was very general and the cuticle pealed off, leaving a raw surface from which the bleeding took place. In cases not marked with such a severity of symptoms the petechiae will remain for several days or even weeks, producing emaciation and a corresponding loss of strength, until finally, haemorrhages appear from the mouth, nose, eyes, ears and from all the mucous surfaces. Causes.—It is said that want of exercise, impure air, close and crowded apartments, and constitutions debilita- ted by mental anxiety are to be regarded as predisposing to this disease. Of the cases referred to, one as previ- ously stated,was caused by the injudicious and continued use of Iodine, which, by the by, is particularly prone to produce a haemorrhagic diathesis in such as are not in the least predisposed to it. Dr. Parry regarded the disease as decidedly phlogistic, and recommended blood-letting, while other writers consider it directly the reverse. That it immediately depends upon a deterioration of the fluids of the system there can be no doubt, but as to the cause of that pathological condition (generally) we must con- fess our own ignorance and question very much whether it is known to any one else ; for it sometimes occurs in those who appear to have a full enjoyment of good health. Treatment.—All the fore-mentioned cases, excepting the last, were treated allopathically,with what result may be inferred. In the last case there was not the least rational hope of success ; yet the patient, sixty-five years of age, was cured by means of homoeopathic treatment. The only drugs used were Tincture of Arnica, and Co- nium-mucalatum, given in alternation every three hours ■ the mouth was frequently washed with Arnica, (a tea- psora. 439 spoonful of the tincture to a tumbler two-thirds full of water,) and the patient directed to hold it occasionally in her mouth a few seconds, which effectually put a stop to the haemorrhages from all parts, and the petechiae dried up, forming dry scales which desquimated. There are other drugs mentioned, which, judging from their pathogenesis must necessarily prove serviceable in cases indicating their especial use, such as Arsenicum, Lycopodium and Mag-mur. Arsenicum, for those cases which occur in old females when there is a disposition to gangrene. Lycopodium, when the purpura inclines to a dirty sort of a yellowish brown color, aud is shriveled, the pa- tient much emaciated ; pale, sickly complexion, with livid spots, fetid breath, and a dryness of the mouth, without thirst. Mag-mur. is mentioned in the Repetory, but I can see no indication for its use. X. PSORA. (Scabies.) Psora, the Itch.—A pustulous, or vesicular eruption, appearing on the wrists, thumb, between the fingers, in the axillae, on the chest, and sometimes spreading to the trunk and extremities ; it is communicated by contagion. Diagnosis.—The vesicles most generally appear on the wrists and the roots of the thumbs first; then between the fingers, at the ankles, and on the chest; they are slightly elevated, and contain a semi-transparent, watery fluid, sometimes opaque, but not unless the eruption is quite pustulous and itches incessantly. 440 homeopathic practice of medicine. The application to this disease of the term Scabies, (from scabo, to scratch,) appears to me to be very appro- priate, for the exercise in scratching is about commensu- rate with the itching, which, as previously stated, is almost constant. It seems to afford a great deal of satisfaction to scratch, amounting even to a sort of luxury, judging from the language of those in the higher walks of life who have been blessed with it. Dr. Elliotson says, " a Scotch king (James I. of England) is alleged to have said that no subject deserved to have it, on account of the great pleasure derived from scratching the affected parts." The scratching could have been no labor to his majesty, for we presume that part of the play was performed by his subjects. Treatment.—Sulphur is emphatically the specific for Itch. Administration.—Give Sulphur morning, noon, and night, until the eruption and its attending luxury (itching) pass off. Diet—In accordance with the ends to be accomplished by the medicine; avoid everything that tends to irritate or add to the grossness of the blood, such as pork and other greasy dishes, seasoning, and most especially cakes made of buckwheat. XI. TINEA CAPITIS. (Scald Head.) Scald Head is described by some, particularly Dr. Bate- man, as a species of Porrigo. It is characterized by an eruption of pustules, denominated favi and achores. The latter is a small accuminated pustule, containing a straw- colored matter, which has the appearance and consistence TINEA CAPITIS. 441 of honey, and is succeeded by a thin, brown or yellowish scab. The favus is larger, flatter, and not accuminated, contains a more viscid matter, its base is often irregular and slightly inflamed ; and it is succeeded by a yellow. semi-transparent and sometimes a cellular scab, like a honey-comb ; from which appearance it has obtained its name. The disease is contagious to a certain extent; it may be produced by sleeping on the same pillow, or using a comb or hair-brush which has been used by one having the affection. Treatment.—The principal remedies in this affection are Arsenicum, Calcarea-carb., Rhus-tox., and Silex. When the eruption consists at first of pimples covered with scurf, which spread and form suppurating crusts ; burning of the part, particularly when touched ; and the glands ofthe neck are swollen and indurated. Arsen. When there is a thick crust on the head ; the hair fall- ing off rapidly; moist oozing tetters behind the ears ; eyes inflamed, and itching at the inner angles ; soreness of the nose, with frequent dry coryza, and sometimes bleeding ; and enlarged glands of the neck. Calcarea-carb. When the eruption consists in thin scabs, which crack, forming fissures, from which a thin or semi-opaque serum exudes; or small, soft tuberculous formations on the scalp. Rhus-tox. And Rhus-tox. is particularly applicable in cases which occur the second or third time, or periodically (as every year.) When the eruption is humid, with great itching and falling out of the hair ; scaly eruption behind the ears; 442 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. and swelling of the glands, particularly the parotid ; dry, chapped skin, and irritable temper. SUicea. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated morning and evening ; or probably once a day will answer better, as the disease is not very acute, or dangerous in its termination.* XII. ACNE. (Pimples on the Face.) Acne, (from Acna.) A small pimple which appears on the face,generally about the age of puberty, or according to Foesius, about the time that the body is in full vigor. It is frequently observed on the innocent and virtuous, but is often caused by Mercury, Syphilis, the free use of intoxicating beverages, and onanism. I have known it to be produced in several instances by the latter cause. Treatment.—When it occurs in young people of rather delicate structure. Sulphur. When it occurs in young people of plethoric habit, fair complexion, mild temper, and especially if they are pre- disposed to phlegmonous or glandular swellings. Bella. When it occurs in those addicted to intemperance. Nux-Vomica, Ledum, Lachesis. For the large red Acne, {Acne rosacea.) Carbo-an., Rhus-tox., and Carbo-veg. * I have, within the last year, cured a case of Scald-head of sixteen years standing, with but a few doses of Calcarea-carb., preceding it with one dose of Sulphur. I have frequently directed the head to be dressed with sweet cream, and with much benefit, not as a curative of course, but to prevent the cracks and fissures which frequently take place in consequence of the crust or scales, being very thick and somewhat tenacious; these fissures irritate and certainly add to the annoyance, if not suffering of the patient. NOLI ME TANGERE. 443 For the black Acne, {Acne punctata.) Belladonna, Hapar-sulph., and Nit-acid. When caused by Mercury. Hepar-sulph., Nit-acid. When caused by Syphilis. 1st. Mercury; 2nd. Nit-acid. When caused by undue sexual indulgence, or by onan- ism. Phosphorus, and Staphysagria. Administration.—Always commence the treatment by using a few doses of Sulphur as an antecedent remedy; then give the medicine indicated once a day, or every second day. Diet—In accordance with Homoeopathy. XIII. NOLI ME TANGERE. (Herpetic Disease ofthe Nose.) Noli me tangere, (from the Latin, touch me not;)is so called in consequence of the extreme tenderness and sore- ness of the part. It is an inflammation of the nose, attended with an eruption, and described by some as a species of Herpes, by others as a species of Lupus {Cancer.) It gene- rally commences with small, superficial, spreading ulcera- tions in the alae, {wings of the nose,) and spreads to the entire nose, sometimes causing a disfigurement if not the entire destruction of the organ. Treatment.—Arsenicum is the chief remedy both inter- nally and externally. Should it extend to the septum, or produce an ulcera- tion of the cartilage and bones; discharging a foul offen sive matter. Aurum. 444 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Administration.—Give the remedy once a day, or morning and evening until the severity of the symptoms passes off. The external application of Arsenic, should be ten drops of the Tinct. T}g, to a table spoonful of water, with which the part should be occasionally washed. XIV. MILIARIA. (Miliary Fever.) The above term is applied to this form of eruptive fever, because the small vesicles upon the skin resemble millet seeds. It generally occurs symptomatic to other affections; an opinion is, however, expressed by Drs. Casenave and Richter, that it sometimes occurs as an idiopathic affec- tion, particularly in those of good health, after violent exercise during the heat of summer. Diagnosis.—The premonitory symptoms are weight and oppression in the chest, a sense of pressure and anxiety in the epigastrium; short, dry cough, pains in the back and extremities, a numb, tingling sensation in the limbs, pain in the head with vertigo, creeping chills alternating with a pricking sensation of the skin, a great disposition to fainting; and just before the appearance of the eruption a profuse perspiration sets in, having a peculiar, sour, rank odor, and regarded by many as the characteristic phenomena of the disease. The eruption generally commences first on the neck, breast, and arms, gradually spreading over the abdomen, and inferior extremities; its appearance at first is red, surrounded with an areola; these minute vesicles enlarge, become more elevated, and contain a milky or whey-like fluid, giving them a peculiar white appearance ; some- MILIARIA. 445 times, however, they retain their red appearance through- out. The eruption continues from five to nine days before desquimation takes place ; some authors assert that it is frequently repeated even three and four times before it entirely disappears, which I have never seen. The eruption is very prone to recede, producing severe and alarming symptoms ; such as violent headache and delirium, great oppression of the chest, anxiety, and diffi- cult breathing. Causes.—The principal causes of this affection are, 1st. improper treatment, the everlasting steaming and sweating of patients with sudorifics, stimulating and heated beverages, keeping a patient almost smothered beneath the weight of bed clothes, and excessively warm apartments. It occurs, it is true, during puerperal fevers, gastric and intestinal irritation, and sometimes in rheu- matism, but I have never known it to occur in these affections except as the result of the treatment above named. 2nd. Damp, humid, confined atmospheres which act superficially in preventing free cuticular exhalations, and violent exercise in warm weather. Treatment.—During the initiatory symptoms, when there is pain in the head, back and loins ; pulse tense ; creeping chills ; short dry cough ; pricking and benumbed state of the hands and fingers. Aconite. When there is oppression of the chest; difficult breath- ing ; palpitation of the heart; shuddering chills ; heavi- ness in the head and vertigo. Pulsatilla. When there is oppression of the chest; laborious breathing ; pain in the back and limbs; sickness of the 446 homeopathic practice of medicine. stomach ; and the biting, burning and stinging of the skin so characteristic of this affection. Bryonia. When the eruption is out and there appears to be some increased heat; or a coldness of the hands and feet. Sulphur. Should the eruption suddenly recede ; the skin appear pale ; congestion of the head and lungs set in ; the pa- tient become delirious ; great difficulty in breathing ; oppression in the epigastrium with occasional retching ; give 1st. Sulphur. 2nd. Ipecac. 3rd. Bryonia. 4th. Bel- ladonna, of each, in the order named, one dose at inter- vals of three hours. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated every three or four hours, according to the urgency of the symp- toms ; and as the eruption is disappearing by healthy des- quimation, give a dose of Sulphur every six or eight hours. Should an unhealthy condition of the skin remain after the eruption has entirely disappeared, give one dose of Sulphur a day, for one week. Diet and Regimen.—The diet in this affection should be similar to that in other eruptive diseases ; mild un- irritating, and principally farinaceous. The apartments must not be too warm, but at the same time free from cold and currents of air. HERPES. Herpes, (from the Greek, to creep; because it creeps and spreads about the skin.) Hooper. The disease to which the above term is applied is noth- HERPES FARINOSUS. 447 ing more or less than a species of Tetter, appearing in small groups of vesicles, itching excessively and some- times rather difficult to cure very speedily. The descrip- tion given by Dr. Willan, in his Treatise on Cutaneous Dis- eases, appears to be comprehensive enough, viz. : " an eruption of vesicles, appearing in groups or clusters on an inflamed surface, so as to present one or more distinct spots, separated from each other by intervals of sound skin." Diagnosis.—Sometimes there is a degree of aching pain in the part previous to the appearance of the erup- tion, and not unfrequently some constitutional disturb- ance, such as languor, a degree of restlessness, loss of ap- petite, and febrile symptoms. The course of the eruption and its progress are very variable as to maturation and decline ; I have never been able to discover that regular increase, maturation and decline that authors ascribe to it. In duration it varies from a few days to weeks, and as previously stated, not unfrequently shakes the confi- dence reposed in the physician, by its unwelcome delay. Herpes is divided into different varieties, according to the form of the eruptive groups and the parts on which they appear. I. HERPES FARINOSUS, (Or Dry Tetter,) Is the simplest and most common variety, appearing indiscriminately on different parts of the body, but most generally on the face, neck, arms and wrists ; they con- tinue for a length of time, dry up and fall off in dry scales, like bran, leaving the skin clear and healthy-look- ing ; but they sometimes produce the second crop before taking their final leave. 448 homeopathic practice of medicine. II. HERPES PUSTULOSUS. This species appears in separate and distinct pustules at first, which contain a thin watery serum. They however run into each other afterward, the matter or contents of the pustules becomes yellow, and exude over the surface of the affected parts, forming thick crusts or scales, which sometimes leave excoriations of the skin. This form generally appears on the face and behind the ears, sometimes through the hairy scalp, and more fre- quently among children than adults. Ill HERPES MILIARIS. This form breaks out indiscriminately on the entire body, generally appearing in clusters, but sometimes in distinct circles or rings, and in appearance very much re- sembles the eruption in Miliary Fever, especially during the first stages ; but as it advances, the pustules begin to discharge a tough, glue-like substance which adheres to the clothing and every thing applied to the part, with such tenacity as makes it exceedingly troublesome and creates much uneasiness in removing or detaching it. IV. HERPES EXEDENS, Or Corroding Tetter, (so called from its destroying or corroding the parts which it attacks,) first appears in the form of small, painful ulcerations in groups of differ- ent sizes and shapes, with more or less erysipelatous in- flammation. They discharge a thin ichor or sharp watery serum which sometimes forms into thin scales that fall off; but more generally the discharge is so thin and irritating herpes labialis. 449 that it extends to the adjacent parts and produces a con- tinuation of similar sores; and sometimes not only the skin, but the sub-cuticular tissue is destroyed by the corrosive and penetrating character of the discharge. V. HERPES CIRCINNATUS. (Ring-worm.) This variety is generally met with in children, and is recognised by itsannular appearance. It consist in very minute vesicles closely connected together, forming circles varying from a quarter of an inch to two inches in diam- eter ; sometimes there is a little watery discharge from it, but more generally the surface appears red, rough, slightly elevated, and interspersed with small dry white scales. It frequently dries up and passes off in a few days ; but sometimes it spreads, forming new vesicles around the external ring, itches intolerably and proves not only troublesome but difficult to cure. VI. HERPES LABIALIS. This variety, as the term implies, is a vesicular eruption on the lips, appearing generally at the angles of the mouth and sometimes completely surrounding it, and ex- tending to the chin and nose. It frequently appears sud- denly, without any previous redness or irritation ; in some instances, however, it is preceded a few hours by tenderness and swelling of the skin. The eruption cor sists at first of small vesicles or pimples resembling blis- ters, varying in size from a pin's head to a pea, filled with a transparent fluid which soon becomes opaque, and acquires a sero-purulent appearance ; at the expiration of three or four days (and sometimes sooner) they begin 2i6 450 homeopathic practice of medicine. to shrivel, dry up and form light brown scabs, which fall off from the sixth to the eighth day. The eruption is generally attended with considerable heat, smarting, and soreness to the touch; it very seldom occurs as an idiopathic affection, most generally appear- ing on the subsidence of febrile affections, and is regarded in many instances as a phenomenon of crisis in other more acute diseases. VII. HERPES PREPUTIALIS. This variety appears on the prepuce, and has not unfre- quently been mistaken for something worse. It com- mences with red spots, slightly elevated, attended with heat and itching of the part; these spots soon become elevated, and form into vesicles, containing a semi-trans- parent fluid, which dry up about the sixth day, and are converted into thin, firm scales. The eruption sometimes appears on the internal surface of the prepuce, and at others on the external, but seldom on both at the same time; it is generally caused by neglect of proper cleanliness, or by chafing, and sometimes by the vaginal secretions. Treatment.—The treatment of herpetic eruptions must necessarily vary according to the character of the erup- tion and its location. When the pustules are " red, changing to ichorous, crusty, burning, and spreading ulcers." Arsenicum. When the eruption consists in vesicles that burst open and form scales which scale off, with intense itching, HERPES PREPUTIALIS. 451 burning, and stinging; or Furfuraceous Herpes tvith a burning and itching. Bryonia. When the eruption consists in small vesicles, surrounded by a red areola; or pimples surrounded with a red bor- der and filled with lymph, and appearing in clusters, with biting and stinging sensation. Calc-carb., Causticum. When the eruption is dry, or consists of small red and itching pimples ; or pimples filled with acrid water, Graphites; and more especially if the eruption is on the arms, producing smarting pains. When the herpetic eruption is humid, suppurating, pro- ducing deep rhagades, and covered with thick crusts; or an itching, with a tendency to a cracking of the skin. Lycopodium. When the eruption is prone to spread; the vesicles form and fill with a eorrosive ichor; or run into each other, forming dry, scaly scabs; or cracking and dis- charging a thin, watery fluid. Mercurius. When the eruption is of a confluent character, (running together,) with burning and itching; or for a dry, scaly eruption, similar to the poison from the poison ivy. Rhus-tox. When the eruption is of the character noted under Herpes Exedens. with burning, stinging pains. Arsenicum, Rhus-tox., Sulphur. When the eruption is of the furfuraceous variety. Bryonia, Sulphur. When located in the axilla, (arm-pit.) Carbo-animalis, Sepia, Sulphur. 452 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When on the face. Causticum, Graphites, Sulphur. When on the fore-arms. Causticum, Staphysagria, Sulphur. When on the joints. Dulcamara, Lycopodium, Sepia, Sulphur. When on the genitals. Mercurius-solub., Rhus-tox., Sepia. When on the scrotum. Petroleum, Sepia., Sulphur. When on the prepuce. Mercurius, Sulphur. When on the scalp. Rhus-tox., Calcarea-carb., Arsenicum, Sulphur. For a spreading eruption. Clematis, Graphites, Mercurius-solub., Sulphur. For a dry, scaly eruption. Arsenicum, Rhus-tox., Calcarea-carb., Allumina. For a suppurating eruption. Dulcamara, Lycopodium, Mercurius, Staphysagria. For a squamous eruption. Lycopodium, Sulphur. For a Mercurial eruption. Hepar-sulph. For a Syphalitic eruption. Mercurius, Nit.-acid, Aurum. Administration.—Give the drug indicated two or three times a day, until a favorable impression is manifest; then once a day until the disease is entirely removed. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be light, and in strict accordance with the homoeopathic restrictions, as long as it may be necessary to administer medicines; arid avoid all unnecessary exposures. PEMPHIGUS. 453 VIII. PEMPHIGUS. Pemphigus. (From the Greek, meaning a bubble, or vesicle.) This term is applied to a form of eruption, attended by fever, and is divided by some into two dis- tinct varieties, viz. : Pemphigus Major and Minor. In the former, {Pemphigus major) the eruption consists of vesicles varying from the size of an hazel-nut to that of an almond, filled with a transparent, yellowish serum. In the latter, {Pemphigus minor) the vesicles seldom attain the size of a large pea, but bear the same specific character as in the other variety, with regard to the semi-trans- parency of the vesicle and the attending fever, but in a modified degree. Diagnosis.—The precursory symptoms to this affection are not dissimilar to those preceding other forms of eruptive disease; such as general indisposition, languor, a degree of uneasiness, headache, febrile irritation, moderately accelerated pulse, nausea, loss of appetite, thirst, and, just before the appearance of the eruption, a burning of the skin. The eruption first consists in small, circular, red spots, which increase in size, and become covered with a trans- parent vesicle, elevated, and generally surrounded with a narrow, inflamed base or areola ; they continue to in- crease in size until the second day of their appearance, and contain at first a limpid fluid, which becomes gradually yellowish, and sometimes opaque ; at the expiration of the third or fourth day, they become less turgid, the fluid begins to be absorbed, and the vesicles shrivel, leaving either dry. white scales, or a brownish crust; and very 454 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. frequently when the vesicles are broken, it gives rise to unpleasant superficial ulcerations. Pemphigus does not show itself in that successive order in which many of the eruptive fevers do. It is very prone to appear on a certain part of the body, and as the erup- tion begins to disappear a new crop is observed elsewhere; and so it continues until it has traversed the entire sur- face, protracting the whole course of the disease to two or three weeks. Still there appears to be a great diversity of opinion existing in reference to its true character ; some describ- ing an acute variety strictly idiopathic, (among whom are Cazenave and Schedel,) while Willan and others utterly deny the existence of such a disease ; some consider it a contagious affection, and others say that they have never seen anything in its character to lead them to suspect that it is in the least contagious. There are, however, several cases related upon good authority, in which the throat and bronchia became seriously affected during the course of this disease, producing pustules upon the mucous surfaces of those parts, followed by cough and purulent expectoration. Causes.—There are, of course, many causes enumerated, such as specific contagion, cold, suppressed perspiration, want of cleanliness, debility from old age, intemperance, " the use of bad or insufficient food," and nephritic or general urinary difficulty. This last, certainly, appears not only a reasonable cause, but the only one, in my opinion, worthy of consideration ; and it has the sanction of Braune, Richter, Wichmam and Reil. I have seen but two cases of it, both of which were associated as above, pemphigus. 455 with urinary difficulty; one a case of Bright's kidney, the other of vicarious secretion. Treatment.—During the initiatory symptoms, when the skin is hot; pulse accelerated; headache, and general in- disposition. Aconite. When the eruption or vesicle first appears in the form of " circular red spots," with a biting, stinging sensation. Bryonia. And it is especially indicated when cough is present; and a soreness of the chest and limbs. When the vesicle is fully formed, and the patient com- plains of a burning, smarting sensation; dull, heavy headache, with vertigo. Belladonna. When there is much " thirst, burning pain, restlessness, and emaciation;" the vesicles burst and form corroding ulcers. Dulcamara. When there is burning of the skin, and the lymph in the vesicles inclines to a brown or reddish appearance, and after shriveling, the vesicles become flaccid, break open and discharge a bloody-appearing matter. Carbo-vegetabilis. When the eruption appears like small blisters, and there is general itching of the whole body, but more espe- cially of the hands and face. Causticum. And as the eruption disappears there will often remain a degree of roughness of the skin, and not unfrequently weakness of the eyes, and some hoarseness, which indicate the use of Sulphur. Administration.—If the symptoms are at all urgent. give the remedies indicated, every two or three hours, and 456 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. extend the time of their administration as the symptoms become ameliorated ; during convalescence, when Sulphur is indicated, a dose a day will be sufficient. Diet and Regimen—As in other eruptive diseases.* IX. URTICARIA. (Nettle Rash.) Urticaria. (From urtica, a nettle.) This is one of the most common cutaneous affections, characterized by hard elevations of the skin, which are irregular in form, white in the centre, and generally surrounded by a diffuse, pale redness, resembling very much the sting of a nettle, or the bite of the small insect known by the name of gnat, and smarting and stinging intolerably. The eruption often appears very suddenly, and dis- appears again in a few hours ; sometimes remains but a few minutes in the same place, but reappears on some other part. When many of them arise together, and continue for a few hours, the part often becomes con- siderably swollen and painful, particularly if they appear on the hands and face. Urticaria is divided by some no- sologists into four distinct varieties, viz., Urticaria febrilis, attended with fever and general indisposition; Urti- caria evanida, without fever, and continuing for weeks and months together, with a succession of transient erup- tions or elevations appearing on different parts of the body and vanishing again ; Urticaria tuberosa, which is characterized by hard, prominent tuberosities, attended with considerable pain and difficult motion, appearing * Considering the cause of this disease to depend to a great extent (if not altogether) upon urinary diflSculty, it is advisable ito direct the attention to that condition at first, and treat it accordingly. URTICARIA. 457 generally at night and disappearing before morning ; the eruption generally shows itself on the loins and limbs; and Urticaria subcutanea, which variety appears to be be- neath the skin, and is attended with a pricking, stinging sensation very similar to the pricking of a needle. Causes.—This disease frequently occurs without any manifest cause, particularly in children, young females and persons of a sanguine temperament. Some appear to have a peculiar predisposition to take it from the most trifling causes ; the mere rubbing or scratching of the skin will produce it almost immediately. It is also caused sometimes by a draught of cold water taken when heated by exercise ; bathing or simply washing in cold water during perspiration; the external application of the leaves of the common nettle, {urtica dioica,) and by many worms and bugs ; there is a sort of caterpillar which causes it to my certain knowledge, several such cases hav- ing occurred in my practice. Dr. Eberle and others assert that Balsam Copaiva, and Valerian have been known to produce it. Treatment.—The principal remedies for its removal, are Urtica, Bryonia, Ipecac, Arsenicum, Dulcamara, and Pulsatilla. Urtica.—When the eruption appears well defined, like the sting of a nettle, with that peculiar, burning, prick- ing, stinging sensation, and without any material consti- tutional disturbance. Bryonia.—When in addition to the condition of the skin, pain and lameness of the extremities ; some cough, headache, or pain and soreness in the chest are present. Ipecac—When there are pricking pains in different 4-58 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. parts of the body, and nausea, or a flatulent state of the bowels. Arsenicum—Is particularly applicable to the form that occurs at night; large white blotches, with tormenting, itching and burning ; the blotches appear in clusters and produce considerable swelling of the part. Dulcamara.—When there is fever ; the " burning and itching appearing in the warmth, with headache, nausea, restlessness, pain in the limbs and night sweats." Pulsatilla.—Considerable swelling and hardness, with biting and itching ; headache, and occasional shuddering chills ; inability to sleep at night ; and all the symptoms aggravated in the evening. Administration, Diet and Regimen.—As in other eruptive diseases.* X. LICHEN. Lichen, (from the Greek, a tetter.) This is a disease defined by Drs. Willan, Bateman and other writers on diseases of the skin, as an extensive eruption of papillae, (firm elevations) appearing in clusters upon different parts of the body ; they are sometimes red but usually of a white color, and attended with smarting and itching. There are five distinct varieties, viz : * I would here suggest the propriety of making use of copious draughts of cold water as a curative measure in this disease, when we are sure it was not thus caused. It certainly is one of the most frequent causes, and it is fair to presume that it ought likewise to cure, and it is recom- mended by Dr. Eberle, which approximates too closely to Homoeopathy, to be mentioned by him and lost sight of by us. LICHEN. 459 1st. Lichen simplex, which generally commences with headache, flushes of heat in the face, accelerated pulse, languor and not unfrequently pain in the region of the stomach. The eruption first appears on the face and chin, or on the arms, and in the course of two or three days, on the neck, body and inferior extremities, accompanied with an unpleasant burning and itching. It consists of red miliary pimples which begin to fade in three or four days and desquimate in three or four more, leaving the skin covered with a scurfy exfoliation of the cuticle. 2nd. Lichen agrius, is preceded by sickness and pain in the stomach, headache, loss of appetite, occasional chills, deep-seated pain in the limbs and loss of strength, which continue for several days before the eruption appears : at which time the constitutional symptoms generally subside or become materially ameliorated. The eruption is pap- ular and distributed in clusters, or in large patches, on the arms, breast, neck and face, and frequently extends to the back and sides of the abdomen ; it is of a vivid red color, attended with itching, burning and a painful ting- ling, and has been sometimes mistaken for erysipelas. " The diffuse redness connecting the papulae and the ten- dency to become pustular distinguish this from the first variety, {Lichen symplex) in which the inflammation does not extend beyond the bases of the papulae and terminates in scurf or scales." 3rd. Lichen pilaris.—This, according to Hooper, is a modification of the first species of Lichen. Its peculiar- ity simply consists in the eruption's affecting, or appearing only at the roots of the hair ; the papulae are red, and ex- tremely troublesome from the itching and tingling which attend them ; the eruption continues for about ten days 460 homeopathic practice of medicine. and terminates by an exfoliation of the cuticle (scarf skin.) 4th. Lichen lividus.—This variety differs from the others by the papulae being of a dark red, or livid hue, and more permanent than the others ; it appears chiefly on the fore- arms and legs, sometimes extending to other parts of the body ; the cuticle exfoliates as in the other varieties, and a new crop occasionally succeeds, but very seldom at- tended by fever. It is said to affect persons of a weak and delicate constitution, who live on poor unwholesome diet, and young persons in close confined situations which admit of but little exercise. 5th. Lichen tropicus.—Prickly heat, the most common variety of Lichen, affects children and young persons most- ly, although it is common to appear in adults, particularly the unacclimated European in warm climates. It is a disease confined to the heat of summer, and consists in elevated papulae about the size of a pin's head, of a vivid red color and producing considerable itching. Causes.—This disease appears mostly during the sum- mer and spring, and in persons of all ages, without dis- tinction of sex, and is frequently produced by the heat of the sun. Mental affections, gastric and intestinal irrita- tion, stimulating beverages, impure or insufficient food, want of exercise and of cleanliness, are classed among the principal causes. Treatment.—When there are any inflammatory or febrile symptoms present; or the eruption appears in a person of full habit inclined to congestions. Aconite. And Aconite is especially indicated by the following FURFURB 461 condition of the skin: eruption like flea-bites, pricking, stinging, or broad red blotches, exceedingly sensitive to the touch, and attended with a sensation of soreness. For Lichen simplex. 1st. Bryonia; 2nd. Sulphur. For Lichen agrius. Ipecac, Bryonia, Belladonna, Sulphur. For Lichen pilaris. Aconite, Carbo-animalis, Rhus-tox., Sulphur. For Lichen lividus. Aconite, Arsen., Belladonna, Rhus-tox., Sulphur. For Lichen tropicus, (Prickly Heat.) Aconite, Bryonia, Sulphur. Administration.—Give the drug indicated every three or four hours, (especially if Aconite is required.) But if there is not much febrile heat, or constitutional symptoms are not present, the condition of the skin and character of the eruption directing the remedy, every six hours will be found quite sufficient.* XI. FURFURB. (Scurf.) The above term is applied to small exfoliations of the cuticle, {scarf skin,) which most generally take place * It will be perceived that from two to four drugs are named in the different varieties of Lichen, which is rather a departure from the course generally pursued in this work; the reason for this is simply to avoid a lengthy detail in giving their specific indications, which would require almost a volume of itself in diseases of the skin. The remedies named will be found to cover the different stages of the eruption, and also the antecedent or forming symptoms nearly,in the order in which they are placed. Sulphur is to be always used as desquimation commences, and continued occasionally until the roughness of the skin passes off. 462 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. after eruptive fevers, a new cuticle being formed under- neath the exfoliation. It is one of those secondary ^con- ditions that require the use of Sulphur. Administration.—Give Sulphur once or twice a day until the skin assumes its natural appearance. XII. ERYSIPELAS. (St. Anthony's Fire.) Erysipelas, (from the Greek words to draw, and adjoin- ing) and is applied to this disease because the neighbor- ing parts become affected by the eruption. It is a febrile disease attended with an inflammation of the skin when it appears externally, and of the mucous membrane when it is internal; and is divided into the Simple, vesicular, phlegmonoid, phlegmonodes - biliosum, aide- matodes and gangrenosum. The Simple variety appears in the form of an irregular stain or blotch of a bright red color, which soon spreads to the adjoining surface, attended with burning and sting- ing pain, and some tumefaction. The inflammation ter- minates in resolution from the fourth to the sixth day, when the redness begins to diminish, and assumes a pale brown or yellowish hue. The Vesicular, {erysipelas vesiculosum) commences very similar to the simple variety, but sometimes there are symptoms of deranged health previous to the appearance ofthe eruplion; such as lassitude, headache, loss of appe- tite, sickness of the stomach, and general depression; these symptoms generally terminate in febrile reaction before the inflammation of the skin is developed. After the erysipelatous efflorescence has continued two or three days with all the characteristics, such as burning, stinging erysipelas. 463 pain, redness, and some tumefaction, blisters of various size, filled with a yellowish serum, begin to appear, which on the succeeding day (sometimes a day or two later,) break, and discharge a viscid fluid, forming crusts or scabs. The Phlegmonoid {erysipelas phlegmonodes) is not mate- rially different from the other varieties during its com- mencement, but the inflammation soon extends from the skin to the subcuticular and intermuscular tissue, produc- ing, in addition to its characteristic phenomena, deep- seated, aching pain ; and the characteristics are even of a decidedly inflammatory grade ; the pulse is tense and frequent; thirst urgent, and the tongue dry. The tume- faction commences on or about the second day of the fever, and in two or three days more the small vesicles appear on the inflamed surface, which break or subside on the fifth or sixth day, the redness assumes a yellowish hue, and the tumefaction diminishes. But this form does not always terminate by resolution ; sometimes the pains, instead of burning, stinging and aching, become throbbing, and, as the redness diminishes, suppuration of the ordinary phlegmonous character takes place. The fourth variety {erysipelas phlegmonodes biliosum) is an aggravated form of the last variety, attended with a derangement of the biliary system. The inflammation extends deep into the cellular tissue, and appears almost simultaneous with the dermoid affection ; the pain is very severe, and the skin tense and painful on the slightest pressure. Suppuration takes place from the fifth to the seventh day, accompanied with chills, the pain and red- ness diminish, but the swelling increases for some time, 464 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. until at length pus escapes, " commingled with shreds of gangrenous cellular tissue," and not unfrequently sinuses are formed, and sloughing of the skin takes place to a considerable extent. The symptoms denoting biliary derangement are generally developed during the com- mencement of the attack, and consist in bilious vomiting. the eye tinged with bile, the skin of an icterode hue. urine scanty and high-colored, and not unfrequent bilious diarrhoea. This form of Erysipelas may occur on any part of the body. Dr. Bateman says that it most frequently occurs on the face, Drs. Cazenave and Eberle observed it more frequently on the extremities, and I have no recollection of seeing it more than once on the face in several cases that came under my observation. Erysipelas cedematodes.—This is a milder and less danger- ous variety than the preceding one, although sometimes attended with danger when it attacks the face. The erysipelatous inflammation is accompanied by an cedema- tous state of the affected part, more particularly when the disease attacks persons of a leucophlegmatic habit, or those addicted to habitual intemperance. The inflamed skin is not so red as in other varieties, but inclines to a yellowish- brown, and is attended with less heat and burning. The swelling does not increase so rapidly as in the Phlegmon- ous variety, and pits when pressure is made. When vesicles appear, they are small, very numerous, but slightly elevated, and break on the second or third day, leaving thin, dark-colored scabs. It is quite common for this variety to attack the face, swelling it enormously, and causing the eyelids (particularly the upper) to hang down like bladders distended with fluid. ERYSIPELAS. 46-5 Erysipelas gangrenosum is most apt to occur in weak and nervous individuals. The inflamed part is of a dark red or livid color ; the vesicles are large, and frequently terminate in gangrene; sloughing of the cellular tissue takes place, producing sinuses filled with an unhealthy ill-conditioned pus; and the accompanying fever is very prone to assume a typhoid character, attended by low delirium during the greater part of its course. In addition to the foregoing there is yet another variety of this disease, which is denominated Erysipelas neonatorum.—It occurs soon after birth, and is of an obstinate and dangerous character. The inflam- mation commences on the lower part of the body, about the genitals and umbilicus, and gradually spreads over the abdomen, along the back and inside of the thighs. It first appears in small red spots, which spread irregularly over the adjacent skin; the parts affected swell, are extremely tender to the touch, and become of a dark red or purplish hue; vesicles appear with inflamed bases, which rapidly tend to gangrene. There are many symp- toms noted by some, as attendants, or as forming the group in this affection, such as frequent, painful, alvine evacua- tions of a grass-green color, constipation, and colicky affections, jaundiced skin, and aptha, which are so very common during early infancy, that I doubt very much, indeed, whether they have anything to do as a part of the diagnosis, with this variety of Erysipelas. Causes.—The causes of Erysipelas, in many instances, appear to be veiled in obscurity, particularly in cases where there is a constitutional predisposition to it, and it i3 quite common to occur, in such constitutions without reference to any special cause. Sometimes there is a 30 466 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. peculiar irritability of the skin, which upon the slighest wound or bruise, favors its production, and it has also been caused by Turpentine and many of the resinous and balsamic preparations. I have known the most violent Erysipelas of the abdomen to be produced in two or three instances by the internal administration of Balsam Co- paiva in large doses. Dr. Eberle says that " the inflammation which is pro- duced by the Rhus-toxicodendron, is strictly of an erysip- elatous character." Cold, suppressed perspiration, the immoderate use of spirituous beverages, and violent mental emotions, together with visceral obstructions are to be classed among the most prominent causes. It does, how- ever, prevail sometimes rather epidemically which would lead us to suppose that it might depend on some miasm, or a peculiar state of the atmosphere. Treatment.—During the inflammatory stage, when the pulse is tense, tongue dry, thirst, skin dry and burning, with swelling of the affected part. Aconite. When the skin is of a bright scarlet or crimson hue, with swelling of the part, pricking, burning, stinging and painful to the touch, or when vesicles are formed. Belladonna, Hydrastis. And especially if headache or delirium be present, Bel- ladonna is unquestionably the best drug. When the inflammation is confined to the skin and small burning vesicles are formed ; the patient complains of dull aching pains, or pains as if the parts were bruised, especially at night. Rhus-tox. When the erysipelatous inflammation is principally ERYSIPELAS. 467 located about the joints, with swelling and pains greatly aggravated by motion. Bryonia. When the inflammation shifts from place to place, and the patient experiences an occasional creeping or shud- dering chill. Pulsatilla. And especially if attended with gastric and intestinal derangement. When there is a dry burning sensation of the lips and throat; the tongue red and dry ; urgent thirst for cold drinks; the erysipelatous inflammation terminates in ulcers, with a disposition to gangrene. Arsenicum. When the inflammation is principally of the face; or it occurs in small red spots on the face, neck and arms ; and especially if it terminates in gangrenous blisters. Lachesis. When the erysipelas is of the phlegmonoid variety ; the inflammation extending to the cellular tissue, and symp- toms of suppuration supervene, such as beating and throb- bing in the part. Belladonna and Silex in alternation. When it attacks infants ; the skin is prone to ulcerate, with pain, burning and smarting ; constipation of the bowels, with colicky pain, or a green watery diarrhoea. Chamomilla. If the skin appears rough and unhealthy, with an occa- sional itching ; or continues in an irritable state after the erysipelatous inflammation has subsided. Sulphur. Many other remedies are recommended for the cure of Erysipelas, such as Carbo-veg., Euphorbium,, Phosphorus, and the acids which may prove very serviceable in some instances, but I have never found it necessary to go 468 homeopathic practice of medicine. beyond the remedies enumerated for their respective conditions, viz. : Aconite, Belladonna, Rhus-tox., Bryonia, Pulsatilla, Arsenicum, Lachesis, Silex, Chamomilla, and Sulphur. Administration.—In severe cases, when the inflamma- tion and attending fever is of a violent grade give the drugs indicated {Aconite and Belladonna) every two hours until there is an amelioration of the symptoms ; then every three or four hours, judging from the severity of the symptoms and the efficiency of the drug. When the con- dition exists that requires the use of Sulphur, (as above expressed,) one or two administrations a day will be quite sufficient. During the treatment all wet and greasy applications must be strictly avoided. But powdering the part with scorched flour, or covering it with silk oil-cloth will in many instances prove beneficial. Diet and Regimen.—The diet must be plain, and all seasoned dishes strictly avoided ; drinks should consist of black tea or cold water. Take care to shun cold and damp atmospheres. XXX. SAL T RHE UM, Is unquestionably a species of Herpes, and as such, has been sufficiently described in the varieties of the disease noticed elsewhere. It is one of those cutaneous dis- eases which is not particularly confined to any one part of the body. The form more generally designated Salt Rheum, is the dry, scaly eruption, forming fissures, by the skin becoming dry and cracking, from which an ichor, or sharp watery serum exudes, quite corrosive in its cha SALT RHEUM. 469 racter; it sometimes, however, appears first in the form of small pustules, containing, a thin transparent serum, which is discharged and forms the scales and hardness above- mentioned. Treatment.—When the eruption is dry and scaly at- tended with heat and burning, Arsenicum, Dulcamara, Mercurius, Staphysagria. When the eruption is humid, cracking into fisures which discharge an ichor; and is attended with itching, Lycopodium, Alum., Sepia. When it is moist and scurfy, and appears like red pimples; Bovista. When it is confluent (running together) and attended with a burning and itching; Rhus-tox, Bryonia, Carbo-veg. When the eruption consists in small vesicles filled with lymph, and surrounded with a red border, and attended with biting and a stinging sensation ; Calcarea-carb, Causticum. When the eruption appears very like the poison pro- duced from the poison ivy, the intervening skin considera- bly inflamed and all attended with swelling; Rhus-tox., Belladonna, Sulphur. Administration.—Give the remedy selected every six or eight hours, and when it is necessary to give more than one, give them in the order in which they are arranged. Diet and Regimen.—Must be unirritating and of a cooling nature. 470 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. ITCHING OF THE ANUS. The above frequently proves a very troublesome com panion to adults, as well as to children. And the local irri- tation may be caused by piles, a congested state of the vessels of the rectum, small scaly or pustular eruptions around the anus, or from a fistulous condition, and by worms, particularly the (ascaris vermicularis) pin-worms. Treatment.—The principal remedies for the cure of this affection are, Mercurius, Arsenicum, Calcarea-carb., Caus- ticum, Spigelia, Sepia, Sulphur, and Teucrium. For itching, with a feeling of roughness, as if the parte were excoriated, or a burning itching, give Arsenicum morning and evening for two days; if that proves ineffec- tual, give Mercurius-corr similarly. For violent itching of the inferior portion of the rectum, or a prickling, tingling sensation, give Calcarea-carb. two or three times a day. For excessive itching of the anus, by day and night, or for smarting, Causticum once a day, and especially if there is an oozing of moisture from the rectum. For itching and stinging of the rectum, attended with burning during the day, give Sepia once or twice a day. When it is attended with a creeping sensation, Spigelia or Teucrium, three times a day for two days. The latter drug will never fail, if the itching and uneasiness is caused by small pin-worms, which is generally the case with children. When the sensation is more like creeping and biting, as if caused by worms, Sulphur is also a good remedy, given once or twice a day. ITCHING OF THE ANUS. 471 Administration.—If pellets are used, place two or three of them on the tongue and allow them to dissolve; should Causticum be the drug selected, use it tolerably high, say the thirtieth or sixtieth potency, as I have always found it more efficacious. When using Teucrium, I mix three or four drops of the ordinary tincture in a tumbler half full of cold water, stir it well, and give a large-sized teaspoonful three times a day for two days, as previously stated. Local Remedibs.—Sponging the parts morning and evening with cold water will frequently afford much tem- porary relief, and with children, when there are large quan- tities of pin-worms in the rectum, an injection of molasses and water will generally dislodge them. CHAPTEK XVI. I. CATARACT. Cataract, (from the Greek, to confound, or disturb;) is applied to the condition under consideration, because the sight is disturbed. It is a species of blindness arising from an opacity of the crystalline lens, or its capsule, which prevents the rays of light passing to the retina. It generally commences with a disturbed sight, as if motes or particles of dust were in the eye, or floating before it, which are termed muscae volitantes; and as the opacity increases, the sight becomes less perfect, until it is entirely lost. The cataract may exist sufficiently to impair the vision to a considerable extent, before it can be distinctly observed; but as it becomes more opaque, it seems a little turbid at first, and as its density increases, it appears of a greyish,ash color, or white; the cataract is sometimes hard, soft or fluid, or like curd, of the an- terior or posterior layer of the capsule, and sometimes occurs after an operation; these are distinctions sufficient to enable authors to classify many varieties. Causes.—I have no hesitation in saying that cataract occurs more frequently without any assignable cause than otherwise. But still there are causes which have been known to produce it, such as injuries to the eye from mechanical violence, deep-seated inflammation, the ex- posure of the eye to intense bright light, or light-reflect- CATARACT. 473 ing bodies, and microscopic examinations of minute ob- jects. Some maintain that it " proceeds from a hereditary disposition," which I am very much inclined to believe from facts that have come within my own observation, having treated a mother, daughter, and granddaughter, of one family, for cataract. Its hereditary origin is fur- ther confirmed by the experience of others : Janin, treated a family of six for the same disease; Richter operated on a person whose father and grandfather were, or had been similarly affected; Bell mentions, " families whose children all became afflicted with cataract at a certain age ;" Hill operated on two brothers and a sister, who stated that three or four others of their family had cataracts. Its formation is unquestionably favored by a scrofulous dia- thesis, and a syphilitic taint. Treatment.—It may be well to observe that cataracts are not always successfully reached by medicines, and in case of failure, can only be r-emedied by an operation; but I have cured cases by homoeopathic remedies and have two cases now improving finely under similar treat- ment. When the sight is obscured, as if by a gauze, web, or mist before the eye; some itching of the nose, with dry coryza. Causticum, Silex, Baryta-carb. If the sight is obscured when in the open air, or dark clouds, motes or specks appear before the eyes. Pulsatilla, Conium-mac, Lachesis. When the eyes are prone to be sore, especially in scrofulous persons ; the sight weakened and imperfect; black spots appear passing before the eyes, or luminous vibrations. Phosphorus. 474 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When there is a weakness of sight; inability to recog- nise anything with distinctness; black motes appear be- fore the eyes; itching of the lids; or dryness of the eye with a burning sensation. Hepar-sulph., Sulphur, Calc-carb. When the cataract was caused by an injury to the head or eye. 1st. Arnica; 2nd. Conium. When it appears secondary to Syphilis, or in a person of syphilitic taint. Mercurius, Nit-acid. Administration.—The disease under consideration is not one demanding profuse medication, nor the rapid administration of remedies; their use once a day, or every second day, will prove quite sufficient. It must also be borne in mind, that when it occurs in a person who has labored under Syphilis, the antidotal remedies must be given first for a few times, and then the remedy more especially indicated by the symptoms. When two or more remedies are named to the same condition, adminis- ter them in order as they are placed, giving the one named first for a reasonable length of time, and continuing it if an improvement is manifest; but should there be no material improvement, or the improvement from the first not increase, then give the next in order similarly, and so on. Diet and Regimen.—The diet must be compatible with the remedy employed, and every thing tending to strain or weaken the eye, strictly avoided.* * The drugs that I have found most efficient in Cataract, are Causti- cum, Phosphorus, Calc-carb., Conium-mac., and Sulptiur; and Cans ticum, the most prominent of the higher potencies. AMAUROSIS. 475 II. AMAUROSIS Amaurosis, (from the Greek, to darken, or obscure) is also termed by the Arabians, Gutta serena, (serene drop.) It is a partial, or complete loss of sight, depending upon para- lysis of the optic nerve, the eye appearing perfectly natural, excepting upon close inspection, a want of con- traction and dilatation of the pupil is observed ; and, in some instances, the pupil appears dull or glossy. Causes.—Amaurosis may depend upon organic disease of the eye, but generally arises from pressure on some part of the eye from turgescence, or it results from debili- tating losses, over-exertion, Metastasis, and uterine irrita- tion. Cases of this kind are related by Lawrence in his admirable work on the Eye ; particularly one of a Jewess, who became completely amaurotic during three successive pregnancies, the disease disappearing each time after par- turition. A very similar case occurred in my own prac- tice, (that of a young married lady of estimable worth,) in which the blindness was complete, and depended upon a hydatic state of the uterus. Lawrence relates another case, which was caused by swallowing a coral-bead, and the difficulty continued with no other unpleasant symptom until the bead was ejected. Other causes, are violent contusions on the head or eye, over-exertion by lifting, strong passions,drunkenness, epilec- tic convulsions, and violent straining from taking an emetic. A cause similar to the last-named produced a case of Amau- rosis in the family of a relation of the author's mother ; the patient continued perfectly blind for fifteen years until her death. It has occurred from lifting very heavy 476 homeopathic practice of medicine. weights, and is quite common among animals, particularly the horse, who often draws until he becomes quite blind. Treatment.—When there is a degree of indistinctness of sight; a sensation of pressure and weakness in the eyes ; and the Amaurosis is in a state of incipiency. Aurum. When the blindness appears as though a gauze were drawn, or spread before the eyes; and is attended with a sensation as if some irritating substance were in the eye; and a degree of heat. Calcar.-carb., Kali-carb., Silex, Sulph. And the remedies last-named are especially applicable when struma exists. When there is dimness of sight; some inflammation of the eyes, with redness and swelling; the dimness increased by getting warm from exercise ; the patient of mild dis- position, rather inclining to a phlegmatic temperament. Pulsatilla. When the weakness of sight is attended with some swell- ing of the lower lid ; the eyes appear watery, and lachry- mation is increased by light or air ; objects appear green or yellow. Digitalis. When the attack comes on suddenly without any assign- able cause; or simply depends upon paralysis of the nerve. Nux-Vomica, Rhus-tox., Veratrum. For mere weakness of sight, caused by excessive read- ing, fine sewing, or embroidery. Ruta. When it depends upon a turgid state of the blood- vessels, from convulsions or plethora. Bell., Hyoscyamus. When caused by a violent exertion ; lifting or straining, the best remedy is unquestionably Rhus-tox. ectroprium. 477 When it occurs in those addicted to the intemperate use of intoxicating drinks. Nux- Vom., Ignatia, Lachesis. When caused by an injury to the head or eye, from a blow, fall, or contusion. Arnica, Conium. When it occurs during pregnancy. Belladonna, Nux-Vomica, Pulsatilla. When caused by debilitating losses, or from ordinary debility. China, Ferrum. When caused by sexual abuses. Phos., Staphag., Sepia. For night blindness. Belladonna. For blindness during the day, the patient seeing best in the evening or at night. Sulphur and Silex. When it depends upon some irritating article in the stomach or bowels, dislodge it by an emetic or cathartic, for the blindness will continue until the irritating cause is removed. Administration—Same as in " Cataract." Diet and Regimen—The same. III. ECTROPRIUM. Ectroprium, (from the Greek, to evert) an eversion of the eye lids,so that their internal surface is turned outward. It appears to occur from two conditions, viz.: from a swelling of the lining membrane and the adjacent tissue, producing an eversion, a contraction of the external skin drawing the margin of the lid from the eye and complete- ly everting it. The first is the result in many instances of congenital laxity of the inner membrane, increased by 478 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. subsequent inflammations and congestions, and especially those of a scrofulous character. The second species or condition, depends upon a cica- trized state, from burns, scalds, Small Pox, boils, opera- tions, etc. It produces in both instances an unsightly de- formity, and an unpleasant condition of the eye from dry- ness, and the exposure of the lining membranes, necessa- rily irritates them, they swell, and if not remedied by appropriate means, become hard, calloused indurations. Treatment.—The principal remedies in this affection are, Belladonna, Hepar-sulph., Phosphorus, Calc-carb. Belladonna, is the chief drug if there is an inflamed and congested state. The other remedies named are espe- cially indicated if a scrofulous diathesis exists. Should the above remedies fail, an operation will be necessary, which simply consists in excising a portion of the inner membrane. Diet and Regimen—As in other affections of the eyes, especially while under treatment. IV. ENTROPRIUM. Entroprium, (from en, and to turn) A disease of the eye-lids which turn in towards the ball of the eye, fre- quently occasioning violent inflammation,from the irrita- tion of the eye lashes upon the eye. If it continues any length of time, the sight becomes naturally injured in con- sequence of an opaque, and blurred state of the cornea. It is generally caused by cicatrics of the lid, or a dis- eased state of the meibomian glands, chronic inflammation and injuries. leucoma. 479 Treatment.—When there is a diseased state of the glands at the root of the eye lashes ; the eye somewhat inflamed ; itching and burning sensation. Belladonna, Sulphur, Calc-carb. When the eyes appear red at the angles ; and there is a sore excoriating sensation. Causticum. It is important to pull out the eye lashes that turn in and irritate the eye. An operation is also frequently required in this as well as in the reversed condition {Ectroprium) which consists in dividing the inner membrane and sometimes making slight scarifications of the inner margin of the lid. Diet and Regimen—In accordance with the homoeo- pathic treatment. V. LEUCOMA. Leucoma, (from the Greek, signifying white.) This term appears to be used synonymously with albugo. A white opacity of the cornea of the eye. It is the result of acute inflammation, producing a deposition of dense coagulable lymph, either deeply seated or superficially in the cornea. I am now treating a case of this description at the Homoeopathic Dispensary of this city.* Treatment.—The remedies that I have found most efficacious in this affection are Belladonna, Silex, Calcarea-carb. * The case referred to at the Dyspensary is improving finely under treatment similar to the above. The patient now come to the Dyspen- sary rooms unassisted, which he was unable to do a fortnight since, so complete was the blindness. Silex is the remedy which affords him most benefit. 480 homeopathic practice of medicine. Administration.—Give the remedy first named every second day for a week ; the next in order similarly for a fortnight; the next similarly. After omitting the reme- dies for two or three days, give the Silex two or three times a week until a cure is effected. Diet and Regimen—In conformity with homoeopathic rules. VI. FISTULA LACHRYMALIS. The above term appears to be a misnomer when applied to the ordinary obstructions of the lachrymal duct, (the duct leading from the eye to the nose,) producing what is commonly termed a weeping eye ; it is applicable only when there is a fistulous opening. Treatment.—When the duct is obstructed ; the eyes suffused with tears; itching in the eye, particularly the inner canthi. Calcarea-carb., Stannum. When there is a burning, particularly in the canthi; the lids are agglutinated in the morning; profuse lachryma- tion, with smarting. Corbo-veg., Digitalis. When there is a profuse, burning lachrymation, espe- cially if aggravated by wind; the discharge from the eye produces an excoriation, or fine eruption round the eye. Euphrasia. When there are dull stitches in the eyes; and they ache from exposure to light; profuse lachrymation and twitch ing of the lids at night. Hepar-Sulph. When there is a fistulous opening of the duct, discharg- ing a thin excoriating matter. Causticum, Carbo-veg. strabismus. 481 When the fistulous opening discharges pus. Calc-carb., Silex. Administration—As in Leucoma. Diet and Regimen—The same. VII. STRABISMUS (Squinting.) Strabismus. (From the Greek, to squint.) An affec- tion of the eye, or more properly speaking of the muscles of the eye, whereby it is turned obliquely from the axis of vision. Squinting is generally congenital, but in many instances temporary, from close application to study. It frequently appears as a symptom among children, caused by intes- tinal irritation from worms, or in difficulties of the brain. I have known it to occur instantly in those of middle age, from paralysis of the muscle of the eye. Treatment.—Belladonna, Hyoscyamus, and Alumina, have been recommended in this affection, and are unquestiona- bly worthy of our first consideration, particularly in con- genital cases, or when it depends upon a congested state of the brain. But when it depends remotely upon verminous irrita- tion of the stomach and bowels. 1st. Cina.; 2nd. Belladonna, and Hyoscyamus. When it occurs suddenly from paralysis of the muscle, or muscles of the eye. Nux-Vomica, Rhus-tox., Veratrum, Spigelia. Administration.—The administration of remedies once 31 482 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. or twice a week is sufficient in congenital cases, but when the affection depends upon some immediate cause, merely symptomatic, the drugs should be repeated every three or four hours until an improvement is manifest.* VH. MYOPIA. (Near-sightedness.) Myopia. (From the Greek, to wink, and the eye.) Near- sightedness also termed pur-blindness. It depends upon the conformation of the eye, a too great convexity of the cornea, or of the anterior superficies of the crystalline lens, a too great longitude of the bulb of the eye, density of the cornea, and a dilated pupil. All these conditions are generally congenital, but some are acquired from conges- tions of the humors in the eye, and the abuse of Mercury. Treatment.—When this affection appears indepen- dently of any especial cause, but depends upon the struc- ture of the eye; congenital Myopia. Pulsatilla and Belladonna, in alternation. When it depends upon a congested state of the eye. Belladonna, Hyoscyamus. When it occurs after the use of Mercury. Hepar-sulph., Carbo-veg. Should it follow typhus fever, or other protracted illness, or depend upon debilitating causes. China, Phosphorus. * There are mechanical contrivances, independent of an operation, which have proved of much benefit, such as spectacles or goggles, blinding the eye, or obscuring that part of the glass which matches with the sight of the eye, which allows the patient to see only when the eye is turned straight, producing, as it were, a counter-training PRESBYOPIA. 483 Administration.—Give the remedy indicated every second day until an improvement is manifest; then twice a week. Diet and Regimen.—Similar to that recommended in other chronic affections of the eye. IX. PRESBYOPIA. (Far-sightedness.) Presbyopia, (from the Greek, signifying old and the eye) "because it is frequent with old men." This defect of vision also depends upon the formation of the eye to a great extent, but the conditions are the reverse of those in Myopia. Presbyopia depends upon a flattened state of the cornea or of the crystalline lens ; sometimes upon a want of density in the cornea or humors of the eye, by the use of various preparations of Mercury, and by the excessive use of ardent spirits. Treatment.—When Presbyopia occurs in those addicted to the intemperate use of ardent spirits. Nux-Vomica, Sulphur, Lachesis. When it occurs in those of lax-fibre, or who are thin and spare, or subject to catarrhal difficulties. Silex, Phos. When it occurs in such as are rather inclined to be fleshy; those of a phlegmatic temperament, or disposed to Scrofula. Belladonna, Calcarea-carb. Administration—As in Myopia. Diet and Regimen—The same ; and avoid rubbing the eyes, as that not only tends to retard a cure, but will, in many instances, produce the very condition. 484 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. X. HORDEOLUM. (Stye.) Hordeolum, (from hordeum, barley.) It is a small tumoi situated on the eyelids, and, according to our lexaco- graphers, resembles a barley corn; whence its name. It appears to be simply a little bile situated on the edge of the eyelids, and generally near the greater angle ; is dark, red, and painful, and attended with constitutional symp- toms, such as fever, headache, and accelerated pulse, when it attacks those of nervous and irritable temperament. The affection is of quite frequent occurrence in a scrofu- lous habit, and depends upon a peculiar," irritable, or diseased state of the.meibomian glands. Treatment.—When there are constitutional symptoms present, such as fever, headache, and the little tumor is exceedingly painful and pulsating. Aconite, Belladonna. When it occurs without any material constitutional derangement; the swelling is painful, and there is an itching of the edges of the eyelids. Sulphur. When it is of frequent occurrence, aided by a scrofulous diathesis. Belladonna, Calc-carb., Silex. When suppuration has commenced. Sulphur, Sikx. Administration.—Give the drug indicated every two or three hours if fever is present; in the absence of fever, every four or six hours is sufficient. Diet and Regimen—In accordance with homoeopathic rules, while under the influence of medicines. XI. CANCER' OF THE EYE. Cancer depends upon a peculiar degeneracy of the CANCER OF THE EYE. 485 system, or of the part affected, and is, in many instances, of a hereditary character, (for a fuller description, vide chapter on Cancer.) It is dangerous, and is to be dreaded wherever it may locate itself, and more especially when it attacks the delicate structure of the eye, producing, in most instances, loss of vision, the destruction of the organ, and a pitiable deformity. Cancer of the eye can be distinguished from fungous hcematodes of the same organ by the pulpy softness of the latter, while the former is firm and almost of a cartilagin- ous consistence. Again, Cancer most always commences on the surface of the eye, affecting the conjunctiva first • while fungous-haematodes commences by affecting the more deeply seated parts of the eye, generally the retina; and in the language of Scarpa, (vide his " Diseases of the Eye,") " Cancer of the eye is far less destructive than fungous-haematodes, for the two important reasons that cancer begins at the exterior parts of the eye, so that whatever relates to the origin and formation of the disease is open to observation ; and secondly, because the cancer- ous fungous of the eye is not malignant on its first appear- ance, but becomes so in process of time, or from improper treatment." Cancer of the eye generally commences on the conjunc- tiva by a degree of redness inclining to blue, moderately raised, with veins radiating from it; as it increases in size, it appears as a small fungous tumor of bluish ash color, not hard at first, but as the entire organ begins to partake of the cancerous action, the tumor becomes firm, and cartilaginous, with an uneven, watery exterior ; the pain becomes severe, of a sharp, stinging character, an.d the countenance is an index of mental and physical suffering. 486 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Treatment.—The principal remedies for the treatment of Cancer, are Arsenicum, Conium, Cicutce, Hyoscyamus, Belladonna. Carbo-animalis; and Laurocerasus is especially named for Cancer of the Eye. When the pain consists in violent stitches, deep in the eye, increased by moving it; or stinging, burning pain: the vessels of the eye congested and of a dark color. Arsenicum. For redness and a tremulous look as if the eye trembled and protruded ; the pupils dilated ; the sight obscured and shortened ; a burning, smarting, and prickling sensation. Conium, Cicuta, Hyoscyamus, Helleborus, Carbo-animalis. When there is a diminution of the pain in the eyes ; the vessels spread like the branches of a tree from the inner canthus toward the pupil; the eye is dry, with a degree of warmth or burning. Laurocerasus. Administration.—Give the remedy selected every four or six hours, until the condition for which it was pre- scribed is changed ; then the others in the order in which they are named, using each drug two or three days. External Applications.—I have generally applied the same remedy externally that the patient was taking, with decided advantage; Arsenicum externally tio, and Conium, Cicutce, Hyoscyamus, and Helleborus, (the expressed juice, or extract ;)and I have no hesitation in saying that Cancer in the Eye can, in many instances, be arrested by a similar course of treatment, if the treatment is instituted before the disease becomes decidedly malignant. Diet and Regimen—In accordance with Homoeopathy. CHAPTER XVII. MENTAL DERANGEMENT. Under this general head are embraced the different forms and grades of diseases of the mind, the rational soul of man, the intellect, the most noble part of the human creature. And while contemplating the subject, I could, in the language of the lamented and eloquent Rush, lay down my pen and bedew my paper with tears, did I not know that the science of medicine has furnished a remedy for it, and thousands are now alive and happy, who were once afflicted. Diseases of the mind have been the sub- ject of the most earnest inquiry, and have called forth the energies of the ablest pathologists in order to ascer- tain the seat of the primary irritation. But their obser- vations, thus far, have been vague and unsatisfactory; one maintaining that the primary seat is located in the epigastric region, another that it is located within the abdomen, and others in the brain. Whatever may be it3 character pathologically considered, or the mysteri- ous association of mind with matter, it has not yet come within the limits of finite comprehension ; it is certain, however, that there is a mutual dependence, for every manifestation of the mind is through the medium of the body, " a derangement in the functions of the one sel dom fails to induce a corresponding disorder in the func tions of the other." 488 homeopathic practice of medicine. I. INSANIA. (Insanity.) Insania, (from in, not, and sanus, sound,) a deranged intellect, is characterized by erroneous judgment, from imaginary perceptions or recollections. Hooper. Causes.—Insanity depends most unquestionably to a great extent upon hereditary predisposition. Several strik- ing examples of this kind are mentioned by Dr. Rush, in his admirable work on Diseases of the Mind. Esquirol asserts that at least one-half of the cases of insanity which occur among the wealthy, are of similar origin. Casper observes that the number or proportion of cases depending upon hereditary predisposition, in the hospitals in Paris, is as one to four and a half; it is further corroborated by Haslam and Pinel, and from the tabular summary pre- pared by them, it would appear that from the thirtieth to the fortieth years of age, the predisposition is the great- est. Yet it has been known to occur at different periods from infancy to old age ; a case is reported of a patient brought into one of the French hospitals one hundred and seventeen years old, in a perfect state of raving insanity. From the statistics of various hospitals and lunatic asylums, it appears that females are far more subject to the different forms of insanity than males; which is reasonable to suppose in consequence of not only their delicacy of structure physically, but of certain physical conditions that in many instances act as exciting causes, which males are not subject to. The exciting causes are moral and physical: of the former are intense application to a particular subject, sor- row, hatred, jealousy, excessive joy, disappointed love, betrayed confidence, ambition, chagrin, depression of MANIA. 489 spirits, and religious enthusiasm ; and it appears from tabular reports that grief, want, and disappointed love, are by far the most frequent exciting causes. Among the physical causes are, inanition from haemorr- hage or otherwise ; suppressed habitual discharges, espe- cially the catamenia; repelled eruptions; verminous irrita- tion of the stomach and bowels ; injuries of the head; intense pain ; apoplexy ; epilepsy; narcotic poisons, (such as, Aconite, Belladonna, Hyoscyamus, Stramonium, Conium- maculatum ;) the abuse of Mercury ; pregnancy, and par- turition. Haslam mentions a large number of cases ad- mitted into the Bethlehem Hospital, which occurred soon after parturition, and two similar instances happened in my own practice. Habitual intoxication is also a fruitful source. Dr. Rush reports that one-third of the en- tire number of maniacs in the Pennsylvania Hospital, were produced by the intemperate use of intoxicating drinks. Excessive venereal indulgence and onanism, according to Drs. Rush, Casper, Esquirol, and others, are frequent causes of mental derangement in the young of both sexes. II MANIA. (Madness.) Mania, (from the Greek, to rage,) is a raving or furious madness, an entire perversion of the intellectual faculties, which is characterized by incoherent ideas, violent ex- citement of the passions, furious resentment and menaces. There are, however, two species which appear to be governed by temperament, viz. : the melancholic and furious. The symptoms which attend the melancholic are sadness and dejection of the spirits, and every impression and corresponding action is of the most serious character ; those accompanying the furious are pains in the head, red- 490 homeopathic practice of medicine. ness of the face, wildness of countenance, glistening eyes, grinding of the teeth, violent exertions, malicious hatred to nearest friends and relatives, (those who were form- erly most loved,) and a perfect dislike to the pleasing scenes of youth. There appears to be a complete perver- sion of the impressions on the senses, or false impressions are continually conveyed to the mind, the patient regard- ing chimeras as realities, and vice versa ; he talks wildly and holds conversation with imaginary persons ; the reason which presided with dignity over the empire of volition is dethroned, and the finest feelings give place to abhorrent acts of impropriety. But before this full development, there is generally a marked change in the appearance and conduct of the pa- tient ; his .prejudices become strong, his disposition irri- table and wayward; the perfect reckless disregard for his friends and pecuniary matters is first regarded as eccentri- city ; he thus advances from one absurdity to another, until he arrives at the condition described. Mania some- times assumes a chronic form, constituting what Dr. Rush terms manalgia, characterized by " taciturnity, down - cast looks, a total neglect of dress and person, long nails and beard, disheveled hair, indifference to surrounding objects, and insensibility to heat and cold," which is the complete picture of a case I knew to be caused by reverse of fortune. III. MONOMANIA. (Partial Derangement.) Monomania is a partial derangement in which the pa- tient is insane upon one subject only, and perfectly sound upon all others. Dr. Guy, in his " Forensic Medicine." says that " it consists in an exorbitant activity of some one passion or propensity, and its predominance or com- monomania. 491 plete mastery over every other ; the faculty thus affected prompts the individual to action, by a kind of irresistible instinct;" and he cites various instances of theft perpetrat- ed by ladies in the higher walks of society ; and also the case (not very complimentary to the profession) of a phy- sician in extensive practice, connected by marriage with one of the most respectable families, who was in the habit for years, of stealing any thing from the houses of his patients that he could carry away; for the safe accommo- dation of the stolen articles, his cloak contained two huge pockets, each capable of holding nearly half a bushel; when detected,his house had the appearance of a pawn- broker's shop. Another case is mentioned of a celebrated physician who was accustomed to take more than his fee, and whose wife was obliged to examine his pockets every evening in order to restore what she found there to his patients. Meritz, speaks of a criminal who stole the con- fessor's snuff-box a moment before his execution, and Gall says that the first King of Sweden was always stealing trifles. Lying also seems to be an irresistible propensity in Monomania, together with strange fancies, vagaries, and fanaticism. The poverty-stricken are abounding in wealth, the rich are reduced to the extreme of penury and want. One fancies himself the Messiah, another holds sweet converse with spiritual beings, another imagines that he has living animals within him, or believes himself transformed into an inferior creature. Some Monoma- niacs consider themselves commissioned from Heaven to perform acts of piety, others to commit deeds of horrid cruelty. The scientific genius of one is to discover the theory of perpetual motion, another the philosopher's stone, or the universal solvent. In fine, every pursuit and condition in life has furnished examples of Monomania. 492 homeopathic practice of medicine. IV. DEMENTIA. (Without Mind.) The term Dementia, simply means without mind, or ab- sence of intellect, which suppervenes slowly or suddenly in a mind already fully developed and thereby differs from idiocy which is congenital. The case of Omichund, shows how suddenly this state of mind can be produced by a violent emotion or a sudden startling impression. He had been employed by Lord Clive in important nego- ciations with the promise of a reward of .£300,000. When the time for fulfilling the promise had arrived, on being informed that the written agreement guaranteeing the payment was null and void, and that he was to have nothing, Omichund fell insensible into the arms of his at- tendants. He revived, but his mind was irreparably ruined; the remainder of his fortune was squandered in purchasing childish trinkets, and he delighted to exhibit himself dressed in rich garments, decorated with precious stones. This state could not be attributed to previous weakness of mind, for he was formerly distinguished for his strength of intellect and simplicity of manners. Dr. Guy, cites the case of a boy who, while listening to the conversation of a group of men concerning the anticipat- ed visitation of an earthquake, during a panic, suddenly seemed deprived of all his faculties, and became dull and listless, answering every question by a vacant smile ; also that of the Norway fisherman, who, after his anticipated bride had perished by the upsetting of a boat, would sit from morning until night on a small stool which he fancied a boat, with his arms and body sustaining the at- titude of rowing, and cautioning those who approached him to beware, because the water was very deep. AMENTIA. 493 There are similar cases mentioned by writers upon dis- eases of the mind and by our authors of Medical Jurispru- dence, Beck, Guy, Ray and Chitty, sufficient to fill a vol- ume ; and all necessarily showing the danger of sudden impressions by fright, grief and disappointment. The pe- culiar state of mind caused by a religious enthusiasm, has in many instances gradually ran into this form of derange- ment ; several cases of the kind have occurred in the au- thors practice. And again, it occurs so as to form the idea that it is in many instances hereditary, for it is quite com- mon to see several members of a family become deranged at a certain period of life. The difference in the character of Dementia, from that of Monomania, must be very perceptible from the above cases, which illustrate the phenomena of each. The latter is a mere insanity or hallucination upon some particular subject, while in the former there is no leading idea, and in the language of Dr. Rush, "the mind may be consi- dered as floating in a balloon, and at the mercy of every object and thought that acts upon it." V. AMENTIA. (Idiocy.) Idiocy. There is a diversity of opinion in regard to the condition or extent of insanity, to which the above term should be applied. Dr. Eberle says it " consists in a defective development, or impairment of all the intellectual faculties, amounting sometimes to a total absence of mind ; and in some instances, even to 3, destitution of the instinct which leads to the gratification of the animal appetites ;" and he further says"itis frequently congenital, or may be produced by the various causes producing other varieties of mental alienation." 494 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Dr. Guy, in his principles of Forensic Medicine, con- siders an idiot " of non-sane memory, a nativitate," as one who, from his nativity, by a perpetual infirmity, is non compos mentis, as one that has no understanding from his nativity;" he necessarily considers it always congenital, and refers to the legal definition of Lord Coke as the recognized authority, in showing the degree of insanity constituting idiocy. Elliotson defines it as " the absence (or rather the deficiency) of intellect;—a deficiency amounting to such a degree as to disqualify an individual for"the common offices of life;" he farther says, "generally speaking, a madman has a wrong opinion, or a wrong feel- ing ; but an idiot may be generally said to have none. The madman is wrong ; but the idiot is defective ;" and quotes the following from Burns' Ecclesiastical Law:— " The individual, in order to be constituted an idiot, must be unable to number to twenty, or tell his age, or to answer any common question ; by which it may plainly appear that the person has not reason sufficient to discern what is for his advantage or disadvantage. That man is not an idiot, who has any glimmering of reason ; so that he can tell his age, know his parents, or such like common matters." There are unquestionably different degrees of idiocy, from a perfect want of intellect, or even animal instinct, to imbecility, or being, as Elliotson says, " a little soft."' In idiocy there is not only an unsound mind, but physical deformity; the head is generally very small, and the bones of the cranium are thick ; " sometimes the head is unusu- ally large, the forehead depressed, the sides flattened, and grotesquely shaped," the features imperfect, the com- plexion pale and sickly, the limbs deformed, and the gait awkward and unsteady. The last-named (the awkward and IMBECILITY. 495 unsteady gait) is peculiar to that form of Idiocy termed Cretanism, which is endemic to the valleys of the Alps. VI. IMBECILITY The term Imbecility is used by Dr. Guy and other writers on Medical Jurisprudence, " to designate mental unsoundness, consisting also in defective development; but that defect originating after birth, and on that very account being, in most cases, less complete." Dr. Ray defines it as " an abnormal deficiency, either in those facul- ties that acquaint us with the qualities and ordinary rela- tion of things, or in those which furnish us with the moral motives that regulate our relations and conduct towards our fellow-men ; and frequently attended with excessive activity of the animal propensities." Imbeciles may be educated to a certain extent, and be capable of forming and expressing some simple ideas, or of making some pro- gress in the mechanical arts. They vary as much in dis- position as those of sound mind ; some are mild, timid, and harmless ; others constantly uneasy, restless, and disposed to be sly and vicious. M. Georget, a writer on mental unsoundness, distinguishes Imbecility from other forms of derangement, by attributing to its victims some use, how- ever limited, of speech, by which they display some indica- tions of mind, of intellectual faculties, and of feelings and affections, and remarks, that "in hospitals for the insane there are always a certain number of imbeciles, who do the coarser work of the house, or serve as domestics and assistants to the regular officer. They become sufficiently intelligent at last to perform their duties well; to sweep the courts, carry burdens, move machinery, execute simple commissions ; learn to know the use of money, and pro- 496 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. cure various enjoyments. But they have no idea, or a very imperfect one, of society, laws, morality, courts and trials ; and though they may have the idea of property, they have no conception of the consequences of theft. They may have been taught to refrain from injuring others, but they are ignorant of what would be done to them if guilty of incendiarism or murder. Many, for want of some powerful restraining motive, indulge in drinking, and become lazy, drunken and dissipated, and finally fall into the hands of justice in greater numbers than is generally suspected. They steal adroitly, and hence are considered intelligent; they commence their offences the moment they are released from confinement, and thus are believed to be obstinately perverse; they are violent and pas- sionate, and the slightest motive is sufficient to plunge them into deeds of incendiarism and murder ;" and after finish- ing his faithful description of imbecility, he observes, " these beings of limited capacity furnish to the courts of justice, to prisons and scaffolds, more subjects than it is generally suspected," and this in my opinion, (in connection with the uncertainty of circumstantial evidence,) is a strong argument against the existing, but barbarous law of capital punishment. Treatment.—In commencing the treatment of the dif- ferent varieties of mental derangement, I cannot refrain from quoting verbatim the honest confession of one of the ablest Allopathic authors, as regards the impropriety of much medicine in, at least, this class of disease. He says, |* In France, England, and in the United States, there is in general but little medicine employed in the treatment of mental diseases. In the year 1819, the expenses in- curred for medicines at the Glasgow Lunatic Asylum was IMBECILITY. 497 but eighteen pounds sterling, whilst the sum expended for food and beer amounted to .£1225. At the Exeter Hos- pital £1162 was expended for food, and only £33 for medicines and instruments during the year 1819; and in the Institution at Nottingham, the necessaries of life cost £920, whilst the expense of medicine was only seven pounds during the same period. Fifty years ago, the amount of expenses for medicine for the same number of patients, during an equal period, would have been much greater, although the proportion of cures effected was then considerably smaller than at present. Even at the present day, much more medicine is employed, according Dr. Casper, for the cure of Insanity, in the German hos- pitals, than in those of England and France, although the success of the former appears to.be considerably less than that obtained in the latter. The truth is, medicines, pro- perly so called," (allopathic doses, of course,) "are by no means the most useful agents in the treatment of a majority of mental diseases." The above frank statement is unquestionably true, and applies with equal force to the treatment of corporeal or physical symptoms ; for the same author shows by argu- ment beyond contradiction, the mutual dependence of mind and body, and says, " a derangement in the functions of the one seldom fails to induce a corresponding disorder in the functions of the other," and it places him in a dilemma requiring more than logic and philosophy com- bined to help him out. The treatment of diseases of the mind must necessarily be similar to the causes, viz.: moral and physical. The moral treatment should consist in mild usage, soothing language, change of scene, agreeable company, light, pleasing employment,sufficient to divert attention; evince 32 498 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. an interest in the patient's welfare, secure his confidence by repeated acts of kindness; in fine, " cultivate the facul- ties of the mind which are still entire ;—and make the most of what is left." Should it be necessary to use restraint, let it be of the mildest possible, and if punish- ment is necessary for misbehavior, do not flog and beat (in the most cruel manner,) as recommended by Celsus and the Arabian physicians, but confine the subject in a room for a day, as you would a disobedient child. Be firm but mild, and never threaten without executing your threat, for a maniac would soon find out this mistaken lenity. The physical treatment must of course be in accordance with the cause and specific character of the symptoms, both physical and moral. Taking the cause into consideration first: When the derangement is caused by an injury of the head from a blow or otherwise. Arnica. When the derangement is caused by excessive study. Lachesis, Platina, Stramonium. When the derangement is caused by fright or fear. Aconite, Belladonna, Ignatia. When the derangement is caused by excessive joy. Coffea, Opium, Pulsatilla. When the derangement is caused by unhappy love. Hyoscyamus, Ignatia, Phos-acid. When the derangement is caused by jealousy. Lachesis, Nux-vomica. When the derangement is caused by mortification, or insult. Ignatia, Belladonna, Platina. When the derangement is caused by violent anger. Aconite, Nux-vomica, Cham. Bryonia. IMBECILITY. 499 When the derangement is caused by chagrin, contra- diction. Cham., Ignatia, Bryonia. When the derangement is caused by religious enthu- siasm. Stramonium, Hyoscyamus, Pulsatilla. When the derangement is caused by the abuse of intoxicating drinks. Nux-vomica, Opium, Hyos. When the derangement is caused by sexual indulgence and onanism. Staphysagria, Phos. When the derangement is caused by debility from debilitating losses. China, Ferrum. And when the derangement consists in an inconsolable anguish ; the patient howls and wails in a piteous and agonizing tone, is apprehensive of approaching death; or is of fickle and fitful humor, now sad, depressed, irri- table and despairing, then gay, full of hope, and mirth- ful; give Aconite. Physical indications.—Sanguine temperament; face flushed, eyes injected and glistening ; short, anxious res- piration ; thirst; urine scanty and high-colored ; sleep- lessness ; and suffering worse at night. When the patient is desponding; apprehensive of mis- fortune ; has fearful illusions of fancy ; hears and sees strange noises and objects, or appears stupid, foolish and childish. Anacardium. Physical indications.—Drawing, aching pains ; debility ; a weak, trembling gait; painful pressure in the temples and eyes ; bleeding at the nose; haggard countenance ; and difficult breathing. When there is perfect rage; the patient tries to escape; or mania, with a disposition to commit suicide. Arsenicum. 500 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. And Arsenicum is a very good remedy in religious melancholy, when the patient despairs of life, is super- stitious, timid, fears he will see ghosts, secretes himself, and is fearful of committing murder. Physical indications.—Face bloated, puffed and red; or ; a pale, death-like, sunken countenance; pulse small and frequent; frequent desire to urinate ; bowels constipated ; or diarrhoeic evacuations, with burning and tenesmus. When the patient is completely disgusted with life; longs for death, and is disposed to commit suicide ; is very low-spirited; has frequent attacks of anguish ; is restless at night, and startled by frightful dreams. Aurum. Dr. Hartman says, " I have cured, by means of gold, several cases of melancholy in persons who earnestly thought of killing themselves." And Ruckert is very much in favor of the same remedy, in that peculiar form of melancholy in which there is a tendency to suicide. When there is complete insanity ; the patient is in a perfect rage ; attempts acts of violence upon himself and others ; kicks, strikes, talks foolishly and incoherently ; maniacal holloas and yells. Belladonna. Physical indications.—Face red ; beating and throbbing of the temporal arteries ; eyes injected ; or a pale face suddenly changing to red and mottled ; great thirst; aversion to food ; foul and offensive breath ; and espe- cially if the patient is of a plethoric habit, and disposed to scrofula. When the patient appears in a despairing mood ; is lost in melancholic reveries ; has great anxiety as if he had committed a very heinous crime ; and is extremely sensitive to noise. Cocculus. IMBECILITY. 501 Physical indications.—Severe, aching pain in the fore- head ; face flushed ; spasmodic motion of the eyes ; roar- ing in the ears; mouth dry without thirst; aversion to food ; nausea ; asthmatic oppression of the chest; and all the symptoms aggravated by eating, drinking, talking, or being in the cold air. When there is a fearful, superstitious, hypochondriacal, mood ; sudden starting ; the patient is easily frightened ; dullness of mind and want of memory. Conium-maculatum. Physical indications.—Dull, heavy head-ache; eyes mode- rately injected ; weak sight; drowsiness during the day, and restlessness at night; pulse very variable ; skin sore, itching, and smarting ; and an aggravation of symptoms at night. When there is a complete loss of sense ; the patient does not know his relatives; rages furiously; foams at the mouth ; incoherent mutterings, screaming ; wants to kill himself; is jealous, ugly, and reproachful. Hyoscyamus. Physical indications.—Jerkings and twitehings in the limbs ; weary, languid, and staggering gait ; grasping at imaginary objects ; sudden startings, particularly from sleep; accelerated pulse; red, sparkling, and staring eyes; blue, or livid face ; tongue and lips dry ; dread of drink ; involuntary emission of urine ; short, dry, spasmodic cough ; and oppression of the chest. When the derangement is of a melancholic character, the patient is still, serious, avoids talking, appears very- sad, and irresolute. Ignatia. Physical indications.—Vertigo ; a feeling as if a foreign substance were driven into the brain : violent headache. 502 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. especially in the morning; eyes weak and inflamed; dyspeptic symptoms; diarrhoea and urinary difficulty; pains in different parts of the body, aggravated by touch, and worse in the morning and evening. When the insanity depends upon the abuse of intoxi- cating liquors; the patient appears in a vexed mood, is disposed to be quarrelsome and ugly; runs about and talks wildly; gives incorrect answers to questions; or appears melancholy, dispirited and anxious, and is ex- cessively sensitive to external impressions. Nux-Vomica. Physical indications.—Sallow complexion; jaundiced eye; constipated bowels; urinary difficulty; headache; pain in the back; piles; loss of taste; and eructations, with pressure in the pit of the stomach. Two cases are cited by Ruckert, cured by one dose of the last-named drug, one of which was caused by the cessation of a haemorrhoidal flux; the other in a lad of fifteen years, was caused by disappointed ambition. When there appears to be a perfect loss of the mind ; or a complete stupefaction of the senses ; a state of per- fect indifference, or delirium, with visions and frightful fancies. Opium. Physical indications.—Determination of blood to the head ; stupor ; general chilliness and drowsiness; imper- fect sight; roaring or humming in the ears ; bowels con- Btipated and symptoms aggravated by warmth. When the derangement exists in a person of mild tem- perament; and especially while in the puerperal state; the patient is gloomy, melancholy, and sad, very anxious, and apprehensive of dying ; a disposition to weep, sometimcF alternating with laughter in hysteria. Pulsatilla. IMBECILITY. 503 Physical indications.—Heavy headache; proneness to be chilly; or flashes of heat, alternating with chills; palpi- tation of the heart; pale face ; tenderness in the epigas- trium, with nausea; alternate constipation, and diarrhoea, spasms of the chest; and difficult breathing. Several cases are cited by Ruckert, and others, of dis- ease of the mind depending upon uterine irritation, which were cured by Pulsatilla. When there is disposition to weep ; obtuseness of in- tellect and weakness of memory, especially in the young, caused by too free sexual indulgence or onanism. Staphysagria. Physical indications.—Pale, sunken countenance ; hol- low eyes; itching of the skin ; amorous dreams, "with nocturnal emissions; heavy stupefying headache; fre- quent desire to urinate ; stitches and pain in the back, and weakness of the limbs. When the insanity consists of a versatility of expres- sion and action; loud laughter, singing, and dancing, alternating with sadness, ill-humor, vexation, and perfect rage; the patient does not notice any thing around him ; then evinces fear, and imagines he is abandoned, and alone. Stramonium. Physical indications.—Headache, and obscuration of Bight; face swollen and turgid ; lips tremulous ; vertigo ; a constant stammering or thickness of speech, with diffi- cult and indistinct articulation ; difficulty in swallowing ; loss of appetite, and nausea ; colicky pains, with bloated abdomen, and watery diarrhoea; dry cough in the even- ing, with oppressive breathing. When the symptoms are purely melancholic; greaf 504 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. uneasiness of the mind ; the subject weeps, whenever spoken to ; and is absent-minded ; or fearful and trem- bling ; cries for help, imagines he is to be murdered, or torn from his friends. Platina. Physical indications.—Irritability, (particularly in fe- males with copious menstruation;) yawning; stretching; shuddering chills; roaring and tingling in the ears; loss of appetite ; thirst; continued nausea, with epigastric sinking, or shocks; feeble voice; bruised pain; and feel- ing of weakness in the limbs ; and pale, sunken counte- nance. A case is reported by Ruckert, of a man cured by half a grain of Platina, who was completely deranged from intense mental labor, and the immoderate use of coffee. Also another where two doses acted favorably for eighteen days, in a girl of nineteen, and the remaining symptoms were fully relieved by Sepia. Administration.—The remedies may be advantage- ously repeated every .six or eight hours, in recent attacks; but in those of long standing, every two or four days will be found quite sufficient. Diet and Regimen.—The diet is to be directed by the condition of the patient; if he is of a full, plethoric habit, and disposed to inflammatory action, it should be of the simplest character, and restricted in quantity. But should the derangement occur in a weak, debilitated constitution, the diet should be generous. When the Bymptoms are aggravated by warmth, the apartments ought to be kept cool, and vice versa. MANIA a potu. 50-5 VII. MANIA A POTU. (Delirium Tremens.) This variety of mental disease is generally confined to habitual drunkards, but is sometimes produced by the continued use of opium. It is characterized by an uneasy, inquiet state, continued watchfulness, cool skin, loqua- cious delirium, illusions, and tremor. Diagnosis.—Sometimes the disease commences with lassitude and general indisposition; a feeling of distress in the epigastrium ; nausea, and complete aversion to food; distress and confusion in the head; an entire ina- bility to sleep, and tremor of the hands. The counten- ance now begins to exhibit expressions of alarm, fright, distrust, and suspicion. The patient begins to see dis- gusting and frightful apparitions, of which he appears very fearful; he fancies the devil is lurking about the room, or peeping up from the foot of the bed at him; is constantly engaged in killing imaginary rats, mice, snakes, and disgusting vermin, which appear to be continually- annoying him ; frequently calls aloud for assistance, and endeavors to escape, or attempts to jump out of the win- dow; and many have committed suicide in this state of derangement. At other times it comes on suddenly upon receiving an injury. It is quite common for it to set in when a frac- ture occurs to those who have been accustomed to the inordinate use of intoxicating drinks. Two cases of this kind occurred in my own practice; the one was that of a lawyer of distinction, who was thrown from his carriage and fractured his thigh. After reducing the fracture, I had not left the house more than a half hour, before he arose from the bed and walked around the room, as long 506 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICIN'E. as the apparatus remained properly adjusted ; when it gave way he fell, and imagined himself his horse; and on my return, he urged upon me the necessity of being very particular in the reduction, as a horse appeared so awkwardly deformed when hipped, which would entirely spoil the sale of him. At every succeeding visit, he com- plained that he was obliged to stand to the rack all day long, without a mouthful of hay; he would frequently feel of his thigh and hip rather heavy-handed, producing pain sufficient to make him flinch, and suddenly exclaim, " Ho, Dick! (which was the name of his horse,) you fool, I don't intend to hurt you." An old Dutch clock stood in the room opposite the bed he occupied, which he addressed at least fifty times a day with the usual compliments, imagin- ing it Esq. ------, with whom he was upon terms of intimacy. In the other case, the patient arose in a short time after my departure, and walked more than a hundred yards before the dressings gave way; when overtaken, he was in great agitation, and struggling violently to get along; his hands trembled, his face displayed an expression of complete despair, and in great fright he hurriedly ex- claimed, " There, there! don't you see him ? his long, black horns ! " On being questioned, he replied, " Why, there, the devil." He imagined that old Lucifer had him caged, and was exhibiting him to his infernal associates as a matter of speculation. Some are continually en- gaged in catching fleas, or killing snakes; others imagine that they are kept in confinement for wicked and selfish purposes; and again there are others whose vagaries and exhibitions are ludicrous in the extreme. The pulse is variable in this disease, depending to a great extent upon the quiet or excited state of the patient, MANIA a POTU. 507 but it has generally been found rather undulating, (" pul- sus vermicularis," of some authors.) The skin is seldom above its ordinary temperature, usually moist, and some- times the patient perspires profusely. Causes.—This disease depends upon a completely un- strung condition of the nervous system ; a morbid irrita- bility, the result of habitual intemperance. Drs. Eberle) Coates, and others, assert that it seldom if ever occurs while the customary quantity of stimulus is taken, but supervenes immediately upon leaving off the ordinary potations. Dr. Coates says, " it is important to bear in mind that this disease is the result, not of the application, but of the sudden intermission of the use of these articles." Now every case that I have had, (and I regret to say that they have not been few,) occurred in direct opposition to the above, while they were, if the expression be allowable, in the full blast of intemperance. In the two cases which took place after fractures, both patients were in a state of intoxication at the time of the accidents, and Delirium- tremens manifested itself from an hour to an hour and a half after. I have treated several persons recently, (nne within the last fortnight,) who were using their usual potations up to the very time I was called, which were discontinued instantly at my direction, and the only marked change was an immediate improvement upon ap- propriate treatment. The idea advanced by some of con- tinuing the libations, or the inordinate dosing with opium, the chief drug of " Hooker's Practice," is quite as absurd as the ideas advanced in regard to its pathology; while Dr. Coates considers it as consisting " in a heightened activity of the sensorium," Drs. Klapp and Stoughton maintains that the essential irritation is located in the stomach, and 508 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. refers to the foul tongue, which they say is always present, as evidence in favor of their theory. Dr. Eberle only saw it in two instances, Dr. Coates very seldom, Dr. Brown in two out of eight cases, and Dr. Sutton, only when the disease occurred after Scarlet Fever, or in connection with Typhus. Watson says the tongue is moist and creamy, and Dr. Elliotson, that " the tongue is generally neither dry, brown, rough, nor white." Before asking what conclusion can be drawn from the above variegated picture, it may be well to state to those less familiar, that it is allopathic authority which I have been quoting, fur- nishing, in my opinion, rather a sad commentary upon their boasted pathology. Treatment.—The principal indication in the treatment of this disease is to produce sleep, and a degree of quie- tude, for which Aconite, Opium, Nux-vomica, Belladonna, Hyoscyamus, Stramo, and Lactuca-virosa, are the chief drugs. When the attack occurs in a person of a " robust con- stitution." full plethoric habit; the head is congested ; eyes red ; a disposition to run away, and fear of spectres. Aconite. When the face is bloated, eyes injected, the patient has a wild and furious look ; attempts acts of violence and tries to injure himself; aversion to food ; tongue clean ; inability to sleep ; sudden starting, as if frightened. Belladonna. When there are spasmodic twitches of the muscles, and trembling of the limbs ; face pale and bloated ; nausea, and a constipated state of the bowels ; delirium at night, with frightful visions ; the patient is apprehensive, starts MANIA A POTU. 509 quickly, disposed to quarrel, is in a vexed mood, and very sensitive to external impressions. Nux-vomica. A wild, staring expression, and grasping at imaginary visions; tremor of the hands and limbs, with a sensation of numbness ; face pale, and covered with perspiration; pulse rather small and slow ; inability to sleep ; and a disposition to commit suicide. Opium. When the patient is sleepless and starts suddenly, as if frightened ; complains of headache, occasionally grasping his head ; has red eyes ; thirst, with difficulty in swallow- ing ; wishes to fight, kicks, stamps, and strikes violently; trembling of the hands and arms, and coldness of the feet. Hyoscyamus.* And it will be observed that it {Hyos.) is more strictly indicated by an aggravation of the symptoms in the evening. When the face is swollen and turgid ; eyes red and the lids tumid ; a peculiar thickness of speech, as if the tongue was stiff or paralyzed ; occasional grinding of the teeth and muttering ; and versatile mania; the patient is in a vexed mood, or laughs, sings, dances, prays, and ima- gines he is alone and abandoned. Stramonium. When the face is pale, with that peculiar quiver or trembling of the lips, observed in partial (or stifled) weeping; mouth dry, without thirst, but difficulty in swallowing ; occasional chills passing over the back ; feet cold, trembling of the limbs, and the mind inclined rather to be sad than otherwise. Lactuca-virosa. * I treated a gentleman (well known in political circles,) with Hy- oscyamus, most satisfactorily when other drugs had been used with- out success. The above indications formed the principal group of his symptoms, and were relieved permanently by the second dose. 510 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Administration.—I have found it necessary to repeat the remedies as often as every hour, in some instances of this affection, but generally every two or three hours will be found sufficient. As previously stated, the object is to produce sleep, and if the ordinary doses prove insufficient, (when the drug is well directed,) increase it until it does have the desired effect; which I conceive to be the only criterion directing the quantity or potency of the drug. Diet and Regimen.—If the patient desire it, there is no special objection to a nutritious diet; at the same time avoid such articles as would tend to interfere with the action of the medicines. The temperature of the apartment is, of course, to be regulated according to the condition of the patient. VIII. HYPOCHONDRIASIS. (Hypochondria.) Hypochondriasis, (from the Greek, one who is hipped) is termed hypochondriac affection, vapors, spleen, etc., and " characterized by dyspepsia, languor, and want of energy; sadness and fear from uncertain causes, with a melancholic temperament." Diagnosis.—The state of mind peculiar to this form of derangement cannot be better described than by Dr. Cul- len's definition, which is brief, clear and comprehensive. " Dyspepsia—cum languore, maestitia, et metu, ex causis non aequis ;" and he briefly completes the description thus, " In certain persons there is a state of mind distinguished by the occurrence of the following circumstances : a lan- guor, listlessness, or want of resolution, an inactivity with respect to all undertakings; a disposition to seriousness, hypochondriasis. 511 sadness, and timidity; as to all future events, an appre- hension of the worst or most unhappy state of them : and, therefore, often upon slight grounds, an apprehension of great evil. Such persons are particularly attentive to the state of their own health, to even the smallest change of feeling in their own bodies ; and from any unusualfeeling, perhaps, of the slightest kind, they apprehend great danger, and even death itself. In respect to all these feelings and apprehensions, there is commonly the most obstinate belief and persuasion." And it is added by another author, that the " patient becomes a plague to his physician as well as to himself." In addition to the above there is generally a dull weight, or a degree of uneasiness in the right hypochondium, de- pending upon an activity of the liver ; the skin is inclined to be sallow; weight and pressure in the epigastrium, variable appetite, flatulence of the stomach and bowels, and constipation. Causes.—According to our best authority, the primary seat of this form of derangement is located in the stomach and bowels. It is almost a constant attendant (to a greater or less degree) in Dyspepsia and hepatic difficulties. Other causes are : irregular diet, long continued watching and fasting, excesses of any of the passions, connected with moral causes, such as grief, sorrow, fear ; and lastly, " whatever may occasion nervous disorders in general, may also be the cause of this." Treatment.—The course sometimes pursued by friends, and even physicians, toward hypochondriacs, is very objectionable, and has been, in many instances, fraught with the most serious consequences. It is the getting out of patience (to use a familiar and commonplace term) and 512 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. treating their complaints as imaginary, by meeting them with argument or raillery. It is far better to secure their confidence by a mild sympathizing course of conduct, and then build up a hope within them by positive assurances of a complete recovery and happier days to come ; at the same time directing the treatment to the removal of what- ever derangement may exist in the stomach and bowels, (vide chapter on Dyspepsia.) When there are manifest symptoms of dyspepsia present; variable appetite; bloated, uneasy feeling in the stomach after eating ; flatulence; bowels constipated ; sallow complexion. Nux-Vomica. And especially if there is-an aversion to life, disinclina- tion to physical and mental exertion ; unrefreshing sleep; weariness ; and the patient is very sensitive. When there is swelling and hardness of. the liver, or soreness upon pressure under the left ribs ; appetite very variable, sometimes there is voracity, at others a perfect loathing of food ; great aversion to meat and sweet things; craving for acids ; pressure in the pit of the stomach, and constipation of the bowels. Sulphur. Sulphur is further indicated by depression of spirits ; great solicitude, restlessness, impatience, and a confused state of the mind. When there is a great disposition to weep, the patient is melancholy and sad, is anxious about his health ; has vertigo and confusion of the head ; fullness about the chest and palpitation of the heart. Cactus, Pulsatilla. When there is depression of spirits ; aversion to life and company; ill humor, and a disposition to violence; nausea immediately after eating ; stitches in the region HYSTERIA. 513 of the liver, and an uneasy, flatulent state of the bowels. Natrum-muriat. And there are many other remedies of great service in this affection, such as Arsenicum, Aurum, Lachesis, Coccu- lus, Ignatia, Belladonna,Hyoscyamus,etc.; for their special indication, vide " Dispepsia and Mental Derangement." Administration—As directed in the preceding affec- tions. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be nutritious, but unirritating and of easy digestion. The patient should have regular meals, moderate exercise in the open air, agreeable friends, and change of scene ; and his mind should be diverted by some light employment or pleasing narrative. IX. HYSTERIA. (Hysterics.) Hysteria, (from the Greek, the womb, from which the disease was supposed to arise.) Hysterics. Hooper. This complaint in the language of Hooper, " appears under such various shapes, imitates so many other diseases, and is attended with such a variety of symptoms, which denote the animal and vital functions to be considerably disordered, that it is difficult to give a just character or definition of it; and it is only by taking an assem- blage of all its appearances that we can convey a proper idea of it to others." Diagnosis.—The attack comes on in paroxysms of laughing, crying, screaming, or a rapid transit from one to the other, and sometimes violent, gesticulating, striking and pounding the sides, chest or head, with the clenched 33 514 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. fists, biting the person, and pulling out the hair ; some- times the patient is violently convulsed, requiring three or four able-bodied men to keep her on the bed; after the convulsion has passed off the patient lies quiet as if asleep for a short time, and then commences talking incohe- rently, occasionally eructating wind from the stomach, or starts quickly as if shocked by electricity into another convulsion. Those subject to hysteria are subject to a symptom denominated Globus Hystericus, which is de- scribed as a pain or constriction, commencing in the re- gion of the left flexure of the colon, gradually ascending to the stomach ; from whence it arises to the throat, and oc- casions by its pressure a sensation as if a ball were lodged there producing symptoms of suffocation. Sometimes the attack consists in nothing more than a constant eructating of wind, or continual hiccough. During a fit of Hysteria the patient appears unconscious, and is said to have no re- membrance of what occurs during the attack. To this I feel disposed to demur, and also to recommend caution as to what is said within the hearing of the patient. I have been twice rather severely reprimanded by the patient for expressing an honest opinion in regard to the cause of the attack. Hysteria occurs more frequently in the sanguine and plethoric, and generally between the age of puberty and thirty-five years ; its attacks are sudden, depriving the patient of sense to a great extent and of voluntary motion, thereby differing from Hypocondriasis (with which it has frequently been confounded.) The latter attacks the me- lancholic, comes on gradually, is tedious to cure, and seldom occurs before the age of thirty-five or forty. It also differs from fainting by the almost natural appear- ance of the countenance, the pulse is but little affected, HYSTERIA. 515 and although the fit may appear alarming it is very sel- dom that any material danger results from it. Causes.—The remote cause of this disease is unques- tionably located in the reproductive organs ; hence the varieties of Dr. Cullen. 1st. Hysteria chlorotica, from a retention of the menses ; 2nd. Hysteria a leuchorrhcea, from a flour albus (whites ;) 3d. Hysteria a menorrhagia ; from an immoderate flow of the menses ; 4th. Hysteria libidi- nosa; from sensual desires. Irritation, congestion and irregularities in the function of the uterus, aided by a full plethoric habit, or an impressible nervous system in those who are delicate, are unquestionably the principal causes of this affection ; and every considerable emotion in those subject to passions of the mind, such as surprise, by joy, grief, etc., are among the exciting causes. Treatment.—The selection of drugs in this disease must be directed by the character of the attack, the tem- perament and habit of the patient, and the pathological condition upon which these morbid phenomena depend, viz.: When depending upon leucorrhoea, (whites.) When depending upon a retention of the menses. When depending upon suppressed menstruation. When depending upon menorrhagia, (profuse menstrua- tion.) Vide their appropriate sections under the general head of Diseases peculiar to Females. When the attack occurs in a person of mild, phlegmatic temperament, easily excited to laughter or weeping ; one Bubject to palpitation of the heart and dyspeptic symptoms, such as pain in the stomach and eructations. Pulsatilla. Pulsatilla is especially indicated when the attack de- 516 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. pends upon suppressed menstruation, leucorrhoea or dys- menorrhea. When the patient is of full, plethoric habit, pulse rather full, some feverish heat, palpitation of the heart, profuse menstruation, especially in young females, or a suppression in those of a congestive and sedentary habit. Aconite and Belladonna. The latter drug more particularly if the menses appear too soon and become suppressed ; or when there is an occasional discharge between the regular menstrual periods. When the attack consists principally in abdominal spasms ; the patient suffers from painful menstruation ; loss of appetite; frequent eructations, and occasional nausea; vertigo during the day ; the attack generally comes on at night; the patient is delirious, starts sud- denly, and desires to escape. Bryonia. When there is that peculiar soporose state in which the patient hears everything that is said, (which I have found to be frequently the case in this form of disease,) but is unable to rouse herself; and between the attacks there is heaviness of the head ; sadness preceded by ecstasy ; then stupefaction and loss of consciousness. Opium. When there is a degree of confusion and weakness of memory ; absent-mindedness, and a difficulty of thinking or concentrating thought; heaviness of the head, with vertigo; dejection of the spirits, and apprehension of the future ; symptoms all aggravated when the patient is in a recumbent posture. Natrum-muriat. This drug is especially indicated when the above symp- toms appear in a young female, whose menses are delayed; HYSTERIA. 517 or in others who are afflicted with a greenish, corroding leucorrhoea. When the patient appears very sad, low-spirited, out of humor, and disposed to weep, and " complains of vertigo when walking in the open air;" a disagreeable pressure in the forehead; the hands and feet are cold; an uneasy congested state of the abdomen; pressure, or burning, and itching in the genital organs. Sulphur. When the attack occurs in a female, troubled with dysmenorrhea, (pains as severe as labor pains;) with the association of the following moral symptoms, disinclina- tion to join in conversation, brooding to herself, desire to be alone, whining, and speaking in a low voice. Gelseminum, Viburnum opulus, Ignatia. When the attack occurs in a person who is weak and feeble, particularly if the debility is caused by the loss of fluids. China and Ferrum. There other remedies deserving of notice in the treat- ment of this affection, especially when the attack occurs in those suffering from debility; such as Coffea, Ferrum Calc-carb., Chamomilla, Lachesis, Phosphorus, Platina, and Veratrum. And when the attack is excited by mental emotions, such as fright, terror, fear, joy, etc., consult " Mental Emotions." Administration.—During an attack, administer the drug indicated every two or three hours, or oftener if necessary; but during the intervals, in order to correct the habit and do away with the predisposition, once a day, or every second day, will be found quite sufficient. 518 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Diet and Regimen—Should be in accordance with the ends designed to be accomplished by the remedies, viz.: if the patient inclines to plethora, restrict the diet, and if the attack occurs in an enfeebled constitution, let it be generous; exercise in the open air to those it agrees with; but those who are exceedingly sensitive to the open air should be careful in exposing themselves to it. Note.—Gelseminum is a very pretty remedy in almost every form of hyster- ical aflfections, especially if associated with neuralgic pains or convulsions. CHAPTER XVIII. ALOPECIA. {Falling off of the Hair.) Alopecia, (from the Greek, a fox;) because the fox is subject to a distemper resembling it, and according to some, because the fox's urine will produce baldness; if this be true, it ought to be placed (" Similia similibus curantur11) at the head of the list of remedies, especially when the condition is produced by other causes. Causes.—It is quite common for the hair to fall off during convalescence from fevers, especially if the patient has survived allopathic treatment, in which Mercury stands out in bold relief as the chief drug and star of hope. Profuse sweating, debility from loss of animal fluids, protracted grief, severe headaches, Quinine, Syphi- lis, and (as above stated) Mercury, are among the princi- pal causes. Treatment.—When caused by excessive depletion, or loss of animal fluids. China, Ferrum. When it occurs after a severe or acute disease. Lycopodium, Hepar-sulph., Silex. When the hair falls off during confinement from child- birth. Calcarea, Lycopodium, Natrum-mur., Sulphur. When caused by grief. Phos-acid., Staphysagria, Lachesis, Ignatia. 520 homeopathic practice of medicine. When caused by severe attacks of headache. Hepar-sulph., Nit-acid, Ant., Silex, Sepia, Sulphur. When caused by the abuse of Mercury. Hepar-sulph., Nit-acid, Carbo-veg. When caused by the abuse of Quinine. Pulsatilla, Belladonna, Hepar-sulph. When caused by excessive sweating. Mercurius, Nit-acid. When caused by Syphilis. Mercurius, Nit-acid, Aurum. Besides the causes, the condition of the scalp in many instance directs the remedy: Itching of the scalp; moist, or humid eruption, and head sweaty in the evening. Calcarea-carb. Sensation of numbness in the back part of the head; scalp painful when rubbing it, or itching and burning. Causticum. Liability to take cold in the head; itching; pimples or scruf on the scalp, and dryness of the hair. Kali-carb. Fetid eruption on the head; profuse, suppurating erup- tions; nightly lacerating, and boring about the head. Lycopodium. Dry scales on the scalp; blotches, with violent itching and burning; stinging on the side of the head. Phosphorus. Pimples on the head and neck; scurf on the scalp. Petroleum. ALOPECIA. 52 J Small, soft tubercles on the scalp; or scald-head, with nightly itching, and a discharge or oozing of pus. Rhus-tox., Sulphur. Cold, humid scalp, or great itching of the scalp. Sepia.. Again many of the remedies are more especially adap- ted to the falling off of the hair from different parts, viz.: When the hair falls off from the sides of the head. Graphites, Phosphorus, Kali-carb. From the sinciput, (fore part of the head.) Arsenicum, Natrum. From the occiput. Carbo-veg., Silex. From the temples. Calc, Kali., Lycopodium. From spots on the different parts of the head. Cantharis, Phosphorus, Iodine. From the brows, and also for falling off of the eye- lashes. Agaricus, Belladonna, Causticum, Kali-carb. For falling out of the whiskers. Calc-carb., Graphites, Natrum-muriat. Administration.—First administer the remedy directed by the cause, two or more doses as may be required; after which the condition of the hair and scalp should direcl the remedy, one dose a day or every second day. Diet and Regimen—In accordance with homoeopathic rules. All external applications should be strictly avoided, excepting pure water, sufficient for cleanliness; or in case of a dry scaly eruption, prone to crack and produce fis- sures, there is no objection to an occasional application of sweet cream. 522 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. AUDITUS. (Hearing.) It is not necessary to give the anatomical structure of the organs of hearing, nor a physiological description of the function of the internal ear; it is sufficient to say that they are complicated and delicate organs, subject to many impressions which are calculated, either directly or indi- rectly, to disturb their function, and to produce deafness partial or complete. Treatment.—The principal remedies for deafness, are, Aconite, Belladonna, Arsenicum, Cocculus, Conium, Digitalis, Hyoscyamus, Iodine, Lachesis, Lycopodium, Mercurius, Na- trum-carbon, Natrum-muriat, Nit-acid, Nux-Vomica, Pe- troleum, Phosphorus, Pulsatilla. Aconite.—For hardness of hearing, attended with a tickling sensation and roaring in the ears; and especially if attended with any fever. Belladonna.—When attended with humming and mur- muring in the ears, worse when sitting ; roaring in the ears, or deafness from a cold. Arsenicum.—Roaring in the ears, particularly during paroxysms of pain ; singing in the ear when sitting. Cocculus.—Hardness of hearing, attended with a noise as of rushing water ; the right ear feels closed. Conium.—Hardness of hearing, from an accumulation of wax ; shrill tingling in the ear ; roaring as from wind in the ear. Digitalis.—Hardness of hearing, attended with a hissing AUDITUS. 523 as from boiling water ; or a sudden obstruction of hear- ing with tingling. Ignatia.—For a peculiar hardness of hearing in respect to everything but speech. Hyoscyamus.—"Hard hearing as if stupefied; buzzing in the ears." Lycopodium and Lachesis.—Hardness of hearing, with dryness; and especially for soreness and dry scurfs on the ear. Mercurius.—For partial deafness, attended with sore- ness and excoriations of the internal ear ; hardness of hearing, with stoppage of the ears. Natrum-muriat.—Hard hearing; tingling, singing, ring- ing, and buzzing in the ears ; and especially if attended with beating and throbbing, or a purulent discharge from the ear. Nux-Vomica.—If attended with roaring or ringing in the ears early in the morning, when rising. Petroleum.—Paralytic deafness ; dryness and trouble- Bome itching ; or if attended with a discharge of sangui- neous pus. Phosphorus.—Congestive deafness, with humming and constant buzzing in the ears ; or hardness of hearing fol- lowing typhoid and inflammatory fevers. Pulsatilla.—If attended with noise, as if caused by wind or the rushing of water ; or for hardness of hearing, with a discharge of pus ; especially if secondary to Measles. Nitric-acid and Iodine.—If caused by enlarged tonsils. 524 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Sulphur, Antimony, Graphites, or Lachesis.—If caused by the suppression of cutaneous eruptions. Administration.—In recent cases, repeat the remedy selected, once or twice a day; in cases of long standing, every second day. Local Applications.—If there is a discharge from the ears, keep them well cleaned with tepid water. If the ears are dry, with a hardened state of the secretion of the ear, (wax,) lubricate by means of an occasional drop of sweet oil. CHAPTER XIX. DISEASES AND CONDITIONS OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS. I. SEMINAL WEAKNESS. (Impotence.) This is a condition of the sexual system which is generally brought on by excessive sexual indulgence, or ia the result of secret practices, (self-pollution,) a vice that the young of both sexes are too much addicted to, and all in consequence of a want of proper knowledge imparted to them by their parents or guardians. The effect upon the young is not only hazardous in the extreme, but sometimes actually ruinous, in not only laying the foundation of physical disease and suffering, thereby bringing them to premature graves, but in many instances destroying the intellect, the most noble part of the human creature ; and many have been awakened to a realizing sense of the impending danger when it was too late to remedy it. Treatment.—The principal remedies for the mental and physical suffering induced by this condition of the system, are Nux- Vomica, Phosphorus, Phosphoric-acid, Sta- physagria, Ignatia, China, Ferrum, Natrum-muriaticum, Ly- copodium, Conium, and Pulsatilla. Nux-Vomica.—Pain in the back part of the head, the patient is almost deranged, incapable of thinking cor- rectly, apprehensive and melancholic; pale, sunken cheeks 526 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. and eyes ; pains in the small of the back, and weakness of the legs ; a degree of numbness bordering on paralysis. Phosphorus.—Pale, sickly countenance ; hollow eyes or puffiness and swelling around them; gloomy lowness of spirits, discontent and irresolution; palpitation of the heart; pain in the back and limbs; the patient is dull and heavy during the day and sleepless at night. Staphysagria.—Heaviness of the head ; desire to weep ; sadness; coldness, with shuddering; loss of appetite, with distressing pressure in the stomach. Ignatia.—Oppression of the chest; palpitation of the heart; loss of appetite ; lacerating, boring pain in the head ; vertigo ; indifference and apathy ; seriousness and melancholy; coldness, and stiffness of the extremities, with convulsive jerks and twitches. China.—General debility ; pale face and hippocratic countenance ; heaviness and aching of the head ; ringing of the ears ; low-spirits and hypochondria; dullness and confusion of ideas ; nightly pains in the small of the back and perspiration upon the least exercise. Ferrum.—Nearly the same as above. Natrum-muriaticum.—Livid or yellow complexion ; pimples on the face ; heaviness of the bead ; pressure and oppressive headache; weak memory, absent mindedness, and difficulty of thinking ; pain drawing down the back ; weakness and uneasiness of the limbs ; trembling of the hands and heaviness of the feet. Lycopodium.—Emaciation, weakness, and extreme weari- ness ; sleep disturbed by anxious, frightful, or lascivious dreams; headache; desponding and weeping mood ; the SEXUAL INSTINCT. 527 patient is afraid to be alone, nervous and extremely sensi- tive ; pale complexion ; blue margins around the eyes ; eruptions on the face ; and cold, sweaty feet. Conium.—Dizziness; confusion of ideas ; the patient sad, fearful, and superstitious ; painful lancinations and stitches through the head ; frightful, intimidating and raving dreams. Pulsatilla.—Coldness ; palpitation of the heart; gloom and melancholy; confusion and heaviness of the head ; staggering gait and trembling of the lower limbs. II. SEXUAL INSTINCT. Nux- Vomica.—Weakness of the sexual organs ; itching and burning at the neck of the bladder ; nocturnal emis- sions, with sexual dreams ; or emissions without an erec- tion. Phosphorus.—Drawing pains in the spermatic cords ; irresistible sexual desire ; impotence ; nocturnal emissions, without dreams. Phos-acid.—Frequent desire to urinate, with cutting pains in the uretha; extreme tenderness of the genitals, and frequent emissions. Staphysagria.—Nocturnal emissions, accompanied with lascivious dreams. Ignatia.—Complete absence of sexual desire ; or sexual desire, with impotence. Natrum-muriat.—Feeling of weakness in the genital parts; pollutions, with smarting of the glands; impotence. Lycopodium.—The genitals are cold and relaxed ; entire absence of erections ; male impotence for several years. 528 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Conium.—Sexual organs are weak and enfeebled ; in- sufficient erections ; and great languor from excessive pollutions. Pulsatilla.—Excessive sexual desire ; discharge of pro- static fluid during an erection ; itching and smarting pain of the prepuce ; general coldness and shuddering chills. It must be borne in mind that the physical and moral symptoms previously detailed, are to be taken in connec- tion with those of the "sexual instinct" in selecting the remedy; the reason for disconnecting them in this place must be very obvious without explanation. Administration.—Give the remedy selected once or twice a day, unless it be Phosphorus and Lycopodium, which will answer better every second day. Diet and Regimen.—The diet must be nutritious, but unirritating and of easy digestion ; free, open air and agreeable company ; patients laboring under the disease should not be allowed to seclude themselves.* III. ERUPTIONS ON THE GENITAL ORGANS. For eruptions on the end (glans)of the penis. Bryonia, Rhus-tox. On the pubes. Lachesis, Rhus-tox. On the penis. Graphites, Phos-acid, and Sulphur. On the prepuce. Sepia, Sulphur, SUicea. On the scrotum. Sulph., SUicea, Sepia, Petroleum. * According to our best authority, Acid-phos., Phosphorus, Nux- Vomica, Pulsatilla, and Sepia have proved most successful as remedies against excessive pollutions, " when caused by previous sins," and Conium when not thus caused. WARTY EXCRESCENCES. 529 Administration.—Repeat the remedy night and morn- ing if the itching is troublesome ; if not, every evening is sufficient. Diet and Regimen.—Diet in accordance with the reme- dies ; and especial regard to cleanliness. IV. ITCHING OF THE GENITALS. This frequently proves exceedingly troublesome to the young at or about the age of puberty. It can generally be removed by occasionally washing the parts with cold water, and taking Sulphur, Sepia, Phosphorus, Kali-carb., and Calcarea. Administration.—Give them as they are arranged; each drug for three or four days, one dose at night. Diet.—The diet ought to be plain ; avoid everything that tends to excite, such as seasoning and stimulating drinks. V. WARTY EXCRESCENCES. For warty excrescences which readily bleed upon con- tact, especially if located on the prepuce. Cinnabaris. If of a glazed, red appearance ; or a red excrescence. Thuja, Euphrasia. If syphilitic, or the appearance of syphilitic vegetations. Mercurius, Nit-acid. Administration.—Give the remedy twice a day, and wash the part with a solution of Sol-mercury. U 530 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. VI. INFLAMMATION AND SWELLING. For an inflammation and swelling of the genitals, with itching ; and especially inflammation of the scrotum, at- tended with feverishness. Aconite. If attended with a retraction of the testes and lancina- tions. Belladonna. For an inflammation of the penis, with painful erections; cutting and burning in the urethra ; constant desire to urinate, with burning pain. Cantharis. For hard swelling of the scrotum ; pressure in the tes- tes, and red spots on the glans. Carbo-veg. For inflammation and swelling of the prepuce, with burning pain ; or hard swelling, with drawing pain in the testes ; or red shiny swelling of the scrotum. Mercurius. And especially if the symptoms are aggravated at night. For inflammation and swelling of the prepuce ; red spots on the glans, becoming covered with scales, or run- ning into a deep ulcer. Nit-acid. For inflammation, with rigidity and swelling of the parts ; or a humid eruption as if poisoned ; swelling and inflammation of the glans. Rhus-tox. For itching and smarting in the urethra during mictu- ration ; sweating of the genitals ; inflammation of the penis, and swelling of the scrotum. Sepia. For inflammation and burning in the fore part of the PHIMOSIS. 531 urethra ; desire to urinate ; redness and inflammation of the orifice. Sulphur. Administration.—Repeat the drugs two or three times a day, and pay attention to frequent cleansing of the parts. VII. SWEATING OF THE GENITALS. For sweating of the genitals. Sulphur and Sepia. Sepia more especially, if the perspirable exhalations are fetid. Administration.—Night and morning ; with bathing of the parts in tepid water. vm. PHIMOSIS. Phimosis. (From the Greek, to bind up.) A constric- tion of the extremity of the prepuce, which prevents the glans penis from being uncovered. It occurs both in chil- dren and adults, and frequently occasions many trouble- some complaints, by retaining a portion of urine between the prepuce and glans, which gives rise to inflammation, excoriations, and sometimes ulceration; the prepuce swells and almost or entirely closes the orifice. It is caused by local irritation and inflammation ; from gonorrhoeal matter and Syphilis. But most generally with children it comes from injuries or a want of cleanli- ness ; and sometimes it arises similarly among less sin- ful adults. Treatment.—The principal remedies for the removal of Phimosis are, Mercurius, Nit-acid, Sepia, Thuja, Can- nabis, Sulphur, Arnica. Rhus-tox, and Euphrasia. 532 homeopathic practice of medicine. If caused by Syphilis, give Mercurius, Nit-acid, Sepia, Thuja. For Phimosis, with Gonorrhoea. Cannabis, Mercurius, Sulphur. When caused by friction or an injury. Arnica, and Aconite if much inflamed. If caused by neglect of cleanliness. Aconite, Mercurius and Sulphur. If caused by poisonous substances, give the antidote for the poison whatever it may be. If it threatens suppuration. Merc, Hepar-sulph., Silex. If gangrene is threatened. Arsenic, Lachesis, Cantharis. When it occurs in little children. Aconite, Merc, Calcarea, Sulphur. Administration.—Give the drug selected three times a day. External Applications.—There is no objection to mild astringent applications, if much swelling and inflammation are present. I have used externally a weak effusion of Digitalis, in very obstinate cases (among adults) with great success ; it certainly appears to exercise almost a specific influence over the superficial nerves of the part. If it is of long standings and these remedies fail, recourse must be had to surgery. IX. PARAPHIMOSIS. PARiphimosis. (From the Greek, about, and to bridle.)' This is a condition contrary or reverse to the one just PRIAPISM. 533 described, (Phimosis,) and depends upon a retraction of the prepuce toward the root of the penis, forming a stric- ture or sort of ligature behind the corona glandis, the parts becoming inflamed, tender and swollen. The causes are very similar to those of the other con- dition ; with the exception in its frequent occurrence among children, it is caused by drawing back the pro- puce, so as to uncover the glans, and by allowing it to remain so, the extreme tenderness of the parts causes irritation and swelling, and Paraphimosis is the result. It has also been known to occur to those much older, who have elongated prepuces from the same imprudence, and from the want, I presume, of more intellectual employ- ment. It is also common in Syphilis. Treatment.—The remedies and their indications, to- gether with the local applications are the same as in Phimosis. Diet and Regimen.—The diet is of course to be directed by the condition of the patient, and should be compatible with the remedies employed. Exercise and every other#means whereby irritation can be produced or kept up, must be avoided. X. PRIAPISM (Painful Erections.) Priapism. (From Priapismus, a heathen god, whose posi- tion is always represented as erect.) For Priapism with increased sexual desires. Cantharis, Cannabis, Digitalis. For painful erections during the evening and night. Laurocerasus, Camphor, Nit-acid. 534 homeopathic practice of medicine. When caused by Gonorrhoea. Mercurius, Nit-acid, Laurocerasus, and Camphor. Administration.—Repeat the drugs morning and even- ing, and avoid all kinds of spices and seasoning, except salt. XI. SYPHILIS This loathsome disease is one of the severe physical penalties of a deviation from the paths of virtue, and a just punishment to the transgressor and evil doer. It shows itself in every variety of form, from mere primary symptoms, to the most foul and disgusting ulcers, affect- ing not only the genitals and other soft parts, (the eyes, nose, mouth, throat, etc.,) but also produces caries of the Dones. It derives its name from a shepherd of king Alcithous, (so says fable,) who, proud of the number and beauty of his flock, insulted the sun, and this disease was sent on earth as a just punishment for his presumption. It is traced back to the thirteenth century by Gulielmus de Saliceto, and pretty correctly to the close of t;he fifteenth century, when all Europe was alarmed by its sudden ap- pearance, and the rapidity with which it spread through- out the entire world. It is thought by many to have been known to the ancients, and quotations from Leviticus, Proverbs, Eccle- siastes, and the writings of St. Paul and St. Peter, are advanced in proof of it. This opinion appears very reasonable, when it is considered that the same causes existed then in an eminent degree, that did when the dis- ease first attracted more special attention; and how do we know that most of the loathsome diseases referred to LUES VENEREA. 535 in sacred history were not aggravated forms of Syphilis, from neglect or ignorance in treatment. It is caused by a poisonous, infectious principle, con- cerning the nature of which we know no more than that of other contagions; but it can only act from contact. The smallest pa/rticle when brought in contact with an abraded or mucous surface, is sufficient to produce a local disease, and from its absorption, to affect the entire sys- tem. There does not appear to be that distinction drawn between Syphilis and Venereal which ought to be ; the terms are used as synonymous. Gonorrhoea, Gleet, Bubo, Primary Ulcer, Chancre, and Nodes, all appear under the general head of Syphilis or Venereal. Now, it is a well- known fact, that Gonorrhoea will actually run out, or in other words, admit of a spontaneous cure. I know of several instances, and presume that every other practi- tioner who has been called upon to prescribe for such dis- eases, can say the same; but I have yet to learn that the true Hunterian Chancre, Syphilitic Ulcer or Node, admits of a similar termination. The term Syphilis, (without reference to the proud shepherd,) will answer very well, under the more significant and less fabulous meaning of " foul;" but I think the entire story is told in the far more comprehensive term of XII. LUES VENEREA. (The Venereal Disease.) Lues Venerea. Lues, (from the Greek, to dissolve) signifies a pestilence, poison, or plague; and Venerea, (from the Latin, Venus) appertains to Venery, whence the term Lues Venerea, " The plague of Venus, or the Venereal Disease." It is produced by impure connection, and consists of 536 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Chancres, or Venereal Ulcers, which are caused by the application of the poison to the part, and not by its absorption into the general system first. Gonorrhoea; a puriform discharge from the urethra, resembling pus, and attended with burning, scalding, and generally painful erections. Bubo; swelling and inflammation of the lymphatic glands in the groin. Node; a hard, circumscribed tumor, which is produced by inflammation and swelling of the periosteum, and gene- rally appears where the integument covering the bone is the thinnest; on the skin back of the ear, and forehead. Ulcers; which may appear on any part when the system becomes affected. Secondary Ulcers and Eruptions. Gleet; a thin, mucous discharge, following Gonorrhoea, which sometimes proves exceedingly troublesome, and is very prone to produce weakness of the sexual system, nocturnal emissions, etc. Treatment.—For Chancres.—Give the first attenuation of Mercurius-corrosivus, morning and evening, and apply Mercurius-solub. to the part. Should that not speedily remove them, continue the internal remedy the same, and apply Caustic, {Argentum Nit.,) which, with proper per- severance and cleanliness, will soon effect a cure. XIII. GONORRHOEA. (Clap.) Gonorrhea was supposed by the ancients to be a sem- inal flux; hence its name, (from the Greek, the semen, and to GONORRHEA. 537 jlow.) As previously stated, Gonorrhoea is a purulent (greenish yellow) discharge from the urethra in males, and from the vagina in females, attended with heat, swell- ing and inflammation of the parts, a burning and scalding during micturition, and painful erections. No definite time can be stated for the appearance of Gonorrhoea, after exposure to the infection ; it sometimes occurs in twenty-four hours, at others, six or eight days, or even longer. The first announcement to the transgres- sor of its approach is by a degree of uneasiness, itching or tingling at the orifice, slight heat and scalding when urinating; he is next greeted with a discharge which increases "pari passu" with the swelling and inflamma- tion ; then priapisms (painful erections) appear. Treatment.—Subdue the general inflammation with a few doses of Aconite, then the local with Mercurius-corr., and Balsam-copaiva. Should the discharge continue after most of the local inflammation has subsided, make use of a solution of Argent-nit. as an injection.f The same treat- ment will apply to females (injecting in the vagina); some- times, however, a solution of Soluble-mercury in water answers better as a vaginal injection. Diet and Regimen.—The diet must be restricted, and all kinds of spicy seasoning strictly avoided, and also stimulating beverages ; mucilaginous and gummy drinks (slippery elm and gum arabic) are best. The patient should preserve a recumbent posture if possible ; if not, avoid more exercise than is actually necessary, and the disease will soon be cured.* * Too much regard cannot be paid to the preservation of cleanliness in this disease, and great care should be taken to prevent a communication t Note.—Give the 1st Tinct. of Merc. Corr. three times a day for four or five days. Then treat "with injections compoEed of Water, 4 oz.; Sulph. Zinc, 5 grs. ; Sulph. Morph., 2 grs. Mix, and inject about a teaspoonful three or four times a day, immediately after urinating. 538 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. XIV. GLEET. Gleet appears as an appendix to frequent attacks of Gonorrhoea, and the debility of the parts occasioned thereby, and frequently continues for a long time after the original disease, and all danger of communicating it have passed off. It is unattended with pain and difficulty in urinating, unless a stricture has been formed in con- sequence of the violent inflammation. Dr. Hunter (who is good authority) says that it differs from Gonorrhoea in being uninfectious, and in the discharge consisting of globular particles, contained in a slimy mucus, instead of serum. Treatment.—If there is any local irritation and ten- derness remaining, or attending the Gleet, Copaiva and Oleum- Cubebce, and frequent washing with cold water. But should the discharge continue from a weakness and relaxation of the parts, " ab inanitione," then administer Ferrum-muriatis, and use moderately astringent injections. Diet and Regimen.—The diet may be more liberal in this affection, and there is no special objection to an occa- sional draught of claret or port-wine and water. Take moderate exercise, and avoid violent exertions, such as lifting and straining, and everything that tends to fatigue. of the virus by means of the fingers to the eyes, nose, or mouth, as it will similarly effect those parts, producing purulent discharges, etc. Although M. Ricord (whose practice probably exceeds that of any other man in this class of diseases) doubts the existence of the blenorrhagic discharges, I think that I cannot be mistaken in asserting that two well attested cases came under my own observation. Note.—An injection similar to that in Gonorrhoea, is very efficient in Gleet bubo. 539 XV. CHORDEE. (Priapism.) Chordee is not a spasmodic contraction of the penis, as defined by Hooper and other lexicographers, but the con- traction of the urethra from severe inflammation, and the pain is consequent upon an erection in straightening and stretching the part, which is clearly proved by the fre- quent discharges of blood following it. It must be anything but an interesting condition, or an agreeable feeling, if it is correctly described by those who have ex- perienced it. Treatment.—The best remedies to prevent these pain- ful erections, are, Opium and Camphor internally, and the application of cold water to the parts. Diet and Regimen—As in Gonorrhoea. XVI. BUBO. Bubo, as previously stated, is an inflammation and en- largement of one or more of the inguinal, and sometimes, of the external iliac, lymphatic glands. When it arises from mere local irritation or from cold, it is termed sym- pathetic bubo; when from the absorption of syphilitic virus, syphUitic or pestUential bubo. Treatment.—For syphilitic Bubo, Merc-corr., Iodine, Mezeri; and emolient applications, such as : Slippery Elm and Flax Seed. Diet and Regimen—As in Gonorrhoea. 540 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. XVII. NODES. It is all important that these hardened tumors should be removed as speedily as possible, and everything tend- ing to a termination by suppuration, strictly avoided, that thereby caries of the bone may be prevented. Treatment.—The principal remedies, are, Mercurius, Nit-acid, Aurum muriat, and Sarsaparilla. External Application.—Tinct-Iodine. Diet and Regimen—As recommended in Gonorrhoea. XVIII SYPHILITIC ULCERS. When the venereal poison gets into the system by ab- sorption either from a chancre or bubo, it may remain for weeks and months before there is a development, depend- ing altogether upon the constitution. The first symptoms usually appear in the mouth or on the skin; when secreted in the glands of the mouth and throat, the tongue will be bo affected as to cause a thickness of speech; the ton- sils, palate and uvulae will become ulcerated, producing difficulty in swelling and hoarseness. The ulcer of the tonsil seems as if " dug out," a foul and thick white mat- ter adhering to it. When it appears on the skin, reddish and brown spots appear, and eruptions of a copper color are dispersed over different parts of the body, on the top of which are thick scurf or scales, which fall off after a short time and are succeeded by others; at length by casting off these deep scales, which become thicker and thicker, ulcers are formed, which discharge acrid, fetid matter. VEGETATIONS. 541 Treatment.—The principal and most efficacious reme- dies in this form of secondary syphilis, are, Mercurius. Nit-acid, and Aurum muriat. Diet and Regimen-^As previously directed. XIX. VEGETATIONS. W. Acton, in his great work on Venereal Diseases, con- siders vegetations under the general term of non-virulent affections, and designates them as Warts, Cauliflower Excrescences, Coxcombs, etc. When seated on the glans, at the entrance of the ure- thra in the male or female, or on the inner margin of the prepuce, they are of a vivid red or scarlet color, but when on the skin they are much paler, and sometimes become quite black from exposure. They also differ in consistence and sensibility; they may be quite horny and dry, and pos- sess but little sensibility, or they may be moist and sensitive. Treatment.—Mercurius, Nit-acid, Thuja. If on the administration of the above remedies they do not disappear, touch them occasionally with Caustic, and continue the remedies. Diet and Regimen—As previously directed. XX. Induration and Thickening of Tendon and Ligament. This condition is also prone to arise, either from neglect, or the injudicious use of Mercury, producing a pseudo-mercurial and syphilitic disease, which I am sorry to say is too frequently the true character of many of the ulcers and eruptions, strictly classed under Syphilis. 542 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Treatment.—If much Mercury has been used, give first a few doses of Hepar-sulph., then follow with Aurum, Nit- acid, and Mezereum. Repeat the drugs as may be necessary once, twice, or three times a day, jildging from the extent and severity of the disease. Diet and Regimen—As in the other forms of the disease. XXI. DIABETES. Diabetes, (from the Greek, through and to pass) is an immoderate flow of urine, and is divided by nosologists into two distinct varieties, viz. : Diabetes insipidis and Diabetes mellitus. By the former term is understood a superabundant discharge of urine, containing an excess of urea ; by the latter, an increased or augmented flow, containing large quantities of sugar. Diabetes mellitus.—The symptoms which generally at- tend this variety in addition to the chemical change and appearance of the urine (which is pale, inclining to a straw- color, and sometimes approaching a greenish hue) are at first, especially if the disease approaches gradually, nausea, acid eructations, variable appetite, and a general disor- dered state of the digestive organs. As the disease ad- vances the thirst becomes urgent and the appetite crav- ing ; distress and uneasiness in the stomach, especially after eating ; skin dry and harsh ; weakness in the loins-; some inflammation and pain at the orifice of the urethea; bowels constipated ; debility; coldness of the extremities ; and oedema of the feet and legs. Diabetes insipidis'—The constitutional symptoms attend Note.—For test indicating the presence of sugar and the quantity, vide chapter on chemical examination. DIABETES. 543 ing this variety are not as urgent as in the former ; the thirst and the desire for food are less, and in most cases the functions of the skin are not materially changed ; the patient generally experiences some pain and uneasiness in the back, and more or less irritation '"at the neck of the bladder, extending along the urethra." Causes.—Exposures to cold and humid atmospheres ; impaired digestive powers, from too free indulgence in highly seasoned food and spirituous drinks ; the pro- tracted use of Mercury ; and violent mental emotions. Treatment.—The principal remedies in the treatment of this affection are, Ammonium Carbonicum, Aurum, Anti- mony-crude, Arsenicum, Asparagus, Digitalis, Lachesis, Nitrate of Uranium, and Lithium. Ammonium-Carbonicum.—Headache ; want of the or- dinary capacity to think; bitter taste, with frequent eructations ; bowels constipated ; frequent and copious discharges of urine ; itching of the genital organs ; lame- ness and lassitude in the inferior extremities. Aurum.—Frequent and copious emissions of watery urine; dull lancinations in the urethra ; bitter taste ; want of appetite and nausea ; lameness and weakness in the knees and legs. Antimony-crude.—Flatulent and distended state of the stomach and bowels ; nausea and vomiting ; frequent dis- charges of urine, with burning in the urethra; pain in the back ; violent thirst; and painful pressure in the stomach. Arsenicum.—Pale sunken countenance ; violent, un- Note.—Helonias Dioica is especially indicated if the urine is copious and albuminous, and if there is pain in the region of the kidneys. 544 homeopathic practice of medicine. quenchable thirst; pains in the epigastric region, with distention of the stomach and bowels ; frequent urging to urinate, with a burning urine, dark, red, and turbid. Asparagus.—Fullness of the stomach, with hunger ; ex- cessive pain in the stomach ; frequent emission of small quantities of straw-colored urine. Digitalis.—Diminished flow with alternations of copious and frequent discharges of watery urine ; sharp, cutting pain before and after urinating ; nausea, and pains in the stomach, particularly after eating ; face pale ; lips dry and parched; and all the symptoms aggravated in a warm room. Lachesis.—Constipation ; pain and uneasiness in the abdomen ; dull pain in the bladder ; frequent micturition; with copious discharges ; pains aggravated during damp weather. Phosphoric-acid.—Frequent micturation, with cutting in the urethra; diarrhoea; violent thirst and loss of ap- petite ; nervous weakness ; dullness and indisposition to physical or mental exertion. Administration.—Repeat the remedy indicated every four or six hours, until a favorable impression is produced or another drug is indicated. Diet and Regimen.—Diet light, nutritious, and of easy digestion ; strictly avoid all seasoning except salt sufficient to suit the taste. The drinks should consist of water, milk and water, and mucilaginous teas. Moderate oxercise in the open air. DTSURIA. 645 XXII. DYSURIA. Dtsuria. (From the Greek, difficulty and urine.) A suppression or difficulty in discharging the urine. The terms Dysuria, Strangury, Ischuria, and Anury, are almost synonymous terms, but they are generally used to desig- nate different degrees of the disease. Dysuria, difficult and incomplete; Strangury, difficult and painful, attended generally with a burning sensation ; Ischuria and Anury, denote a total suppression of urine. The conditions to which any of the terms apply, are not only exceedingly troublesome and painful, but in many instances highly dangerous, demanding the most prompt and vigorous treatment, in order to obtain speedy relief. Causes.—The causes which give rise to these diseases are, inflammation of the bladder or urethra, generally the result of cold, suppressed perspiration, mechanical injuries, calculi, (or stone in the bladder,) the absorption of cantharides, applied in form of blister, particularly in irritable persons; and not unfrequently they arise from verminous irritation, and sympathetically from piles ; they have also been known to occur from Gout and Rheumatism. Treatment.—When there are manifest inflammatory symptoms present, such as fever, accelerated pulse, thirst, headache, and tenderness in the region of the bladder. Aconite. When there is a frequent desire to urinate, with a severe, bearing down and pressing pain; the urine is 85 546 homeopathic practice of medicine. voided in drops, and is turbid, and of a natural color; face flushed ; headache ; sickness of the stomach. Belladonna, or in alternation with Aconite. When there is a frequent desire to urinate, passing at each time a small quantity of highly colored urine, ap- parently mixed with blood, and attended with severe burning pain. Arsenic. When there is almost a constant desire to urinate, with pain in the bladder, and violent burning and cutting in the urethra; the urine passing in mere drops, and some- times streaked with blood. Cantharis. When the retention is chronic ; a frequent desire, but inability to urinate; no material fever, nor constitutional symptoms ; or when there is stranguary at night. Cannabis* When there is an irresistible urging, or desire to urinate, with a painful pressure or scraping sensation in the region ofthe neck of the bladder, particularly when walking. Apis Mel, Ignatia. A pain and burning sensation in the bladder ; an itch- ing in the urethra; painful desire to urinate ; and es- pecially if caused by spasmodic stricture or piles. Nux- Vomica. When it occurs during pregnancy. Cocculus, Pulsatilla, Nux- Vomica. When caused by the intemperate use of ardent spirits. Nux- Vomica, Pulsatilla, and Sulphur. When caused by Spanish Fly. Camphor. * I have used Cannabis in more than a hundred cases, and have never known it to fail in either sex, when administered for the condition indi- ci.ting its use. enuresis. 547 When caused by Piles. Nux-Vomica, Sulphur. When caused by cold, from getting wet. Dulcamara, Nux-Vomica, and Mercury. When caused by a fall or any other mechanical injury. Arnica. When it is purely spasmodic. Opium, Hyoscyamus, Nux- Vomica. When caused by the abuse of Mercury. Hepar-sulph. Administration.—The acuteness and distressing char- acter of the symptoms, as previously stated, demand prompt administration of the remedies. It would be well, therefore, to repeat the drugs every hour or two, until relief is obtained; and in very urgent cases, every fifteen or twenty minutes will prove highly advantageous. External Applications.—I am much in favor of warm fomentations in this affection, applied to the perineum and region of the bladder, having frequently used them with the greatest advantage. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be light and unirritating; beverages cooling, and of a mucilaginous character, such as barley water, gum-arabic, and flax- seed. Keep the patient quiet, in an easy posture, and a temperate atmosphere. XXIII. ENURESIS. (Incontinence of Urine.) Enuresis, (from the Greek, to make water,) is an incon- tinency or involuntary flow of urine, and is divided by Cullen into two species, viz., Enuresis atonica, which de- pends upon a want of tone or paralysis of the bladder, and Enuresis ab irritatione, vel compressione vesica, which arises from an irritation or compression of the bladder. 548 homeopathic practice of medicine. This affection is not generally attended with much pain, but proves exceedingly troublesome and distressing. Sometimes the urine passes off continually in drops, and at others an involuntary discharge of considerable quan- tities takes place by an irresistible impulse, which it is beyond every effort of volition to control. Causes.—Enuresis is generally produced by paralysis ofthe sphincter of the bladder, irritations from cold or worms; and mechanical causes, such as tumors, enlarged ovaries, diseased, mesenteric glands, and diseases of the rectum. It also occurs frequently during pregnancy, in consequence of pressure ofthe uterus upon the bladder. Treatment.—The principal remedies for the removal of this affection are Causticum, Cantharides, Hyoscyamus, Nux-Vomica, Pulsatillat and Phosphorus. When it occurs during the night, while asleep, and especially if associated with heat or increased warmth of the genitals, and an itching of the anus. Causticum. When it is attended with a burning pain and uneasiness in the bladder and urethra, and the urine passes off in drops. Cantharis. When the discharge is copious and without pain ; or when the disease depends upon paralysis. Hyoscyamus. When caused by paralysis of the bladder, or by sym- pathetic irritation from piles; constipated bowels and tenderness ofthe abdomen. Nux-Vomica. When it depends upon irritation caused by the small pin worms, (which frequently harass children severely.) 1st. Teucrium; 2nd. Belladonna. urinary calculi. 549 When it arises from intestinal irritation of the common roundworm. 1st. Cina.; 2nd. Belladonna. When the involuntary discharge is associated with a mucous diarrhoea; alternate flashes of heat and creeping chills; disturbed sleep, and especially in females. Puis. For incontinence of urine, with swelling ofthe scrotum, and bruised pain in the back; or sore pain in the vagina; swelling of the breasts and pain in the limbs. Rhus-tox. For Enuresis nocturna (more commonly termed wetting the bed) generally, but not altogether, confined to children. Silex, Sepia, Sulphur, Carb-veg. Administration.—This affection does not require a rapid repetition of remedies; once a day is sufficient. Diet and Regimen.—In conformity with homoeopathic rules, while taking medicines. Those who are troubled with Enuresis at night should avoid drinking much in the evening, and always remember to urinate before retiring. XXIV. URINARY CALCULI. (Gravel or Stone in the Bladder.) The term gravel is generally applied to the sand-like concretions or small stones which form in the kidneys and in a few days pass through the ureters to the bladder and frequently occasion severe nephritic symptoms, such as pain, shooting down the back through the pelvis, and in the thighs; numbness of the legs, and a retraction of either testicle; but when the calculous formation has ac- quired a size, which renders it difficult to pass from the kidney or bladder it is then termed Stone; the existence of which is characterized by the following symptoms. 550 homeopathic practice of medicine. Frequent inclination to urinate, and severe pain, void- ing it drop by drop; sometimes the urine will start in a full natural stream, and suddenly stop by the rolling of the calculi or stone against the orifice of the neck ofthe bladder; in males severe pain is frequently experienced in the glans penis, which lasts two or three minutes after urinating. The urine is frequently tinctured with blood, and sometimes pure blood is voided in consequence of an abraded surface, or the rupture of a small vessel; it is sometimes turbid, and deposits quantities of slimy sedi- ment in the bottom of the vessel, which is generally mu- cus thrown off from the inner coat of the bladder; and a very distressing, pressing and bearing down sensation is not only experienced in the bladder, but also acts sympa- thetically on the rectum, frequently occasioning prolap- sus ani. The physical properties and constituents of urinary cal- culi vary very much, according to Marcet, Prout, Four- croy, Vauquelin, Wollaston and others ; some are round, smooth and of a polished surface, others are rough, tuber- culated and covered with octahedral crystals; some are of a laminated nature, while others are friable and chalky. Their constituents have been given at length by Brande, Henry, and the gentlemen previously mentioned, and are found to consist principally in uric-acid, lithic-acid, am- monia, magnesium, phosphate of lime, oxalate of lime, and other earthy matter forming according to their prop- erties, and varying in color from dark brown to a white, yellow, gray and greenish hue. Treatment.—For urinary calculi of a white calcareous appearance and irregular form ; great desire to urinate; cutting in the region of the bladder and a burning in the URINARY CALCULI. 551 urethra, during and after micturition; urine turbid and depositing a sediment. Kali-carb., Kali lod. When there is a great desire to urinate ; a continual urging; urine deposits a yellow or red sediment like sand; itching in the urethra; violent pain in the fore part of the urethra; cutting pains in the bladder and rectum ; or a severe pain in the back, with a degree of constriction of the loins and abdomen. Lycopodium. When the urine deposits a sediment like brick-dust, or a white floculi; smarting and burning in the urethra, with tension over the bladder. Phosphorus. When there is a painful desire to urinate, voiding drop by drop; reddish urine, depositing a red sediment; or urine tinged with blood; pain in the back or between the hips. Nux- Vomica. When the urine is tinged with blood, or pure blood is passed; urine of a fetid, acrid smell; burning in the ure- thra, with violent stitches in the glans. Calc-carb. When there is difficulty and pain in voiding the urine; the urine mixed with blood, attended with violent press- ing and bearing down pains. Bryonia, Rhus-tox. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated once or twice a day, unless the symptoms are very urgent which would justify a more frequent repetition. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be light and un- irritating, and the drinks of a mucilaginous character; such as slippery elm, gum arabic, barley and rice water. If there is much irritation, the patient should be kept quiet and in a recumbent posture. CHAPTER XX. BRIGHT'S DISEASE OF THE KIDNEYS. (MORBUS BRIGHTII.) From the above term, it is at least fair to presume that it was intended to be applied to some distinct form of kidney disease, discovered and described by Dr. Bright. But such does not appear to be the case, as it is applied to almost every form of nephritic difficulty, from the most grave organic disease to the simplest form of functional disturbance. Dr. Thomas, in his Medical Dictionary, defines it: " A genus or group of diseases of the kidney, first described by Dr. Bright. See Nephritis, Nephritis albu- minosa, or albuminensis. Albuminous Nephritis, con- founding several distinct renal diseases, but all agreeing, however, in the important symptom of albuminous urine, viz., acute and chronic desquimative nephritis, non-desquimative nephritis, fatty and amyloid (or waxy) degeneration"; leading us to infer that albumi- nous urine is a pathognomonic symptom to that disease, which most certainly it is not, for it is very frequently present in conditions quite remote from organic difficul- ties of these organs. But when albuminuria is asso- ciated with the marked evidences that are observed in bright's disease of the kidneys. 553 the urine, and consequent upon destruction of the tissues, such as blood disks, uriniferous tubes, hyaline, and waxy casts, epithelium from the pelvis of the kid- ney, and a lessened volume of urine, with diminished or low specific gravity, it completes the diagnostic picture, and leaves no room for questioning the patho- logical character of the case. But, as I have already said, the mere presence of albumen in the urine is no evidence of Bright's disease, nor of any other of an organic character, for it is quite common for it to occur during the latter stages of pregnancy, caused unquestionably by pressure of the gravid uterus upon the kidneys and renal vessels, and disappear after deliv- ery ; and not unfrequently is it associated with convul- sions of an epileptiform character, especially during the process of parturition, and cease when delivery is com- pleted. It is not uncommon for it to be present during a congested or swollen condition of the kidney from cold, or from other causes ; also, it is seen in acute articular rheumatism, some of the fevers, and during the convalescence of children from whooping cough, measles, and scarlet fever. Therefore, it is not in itself a symptom definitely diagnostic of the condition of the organs upon which it depends. In speaking of Bright's disease of the kidneys, I shall regard it as a granular degeneracy of those organs; consequently, not including active nor passive congestion, ordinary nephritis, acute or chronic pyelitis, nor the changes observed in the gouty, corrugated, contracted kidney, nor the chronically enlarged kidney, but the three forms enumerated by Dr. Roberts, and the anatomical changes 554 HOMEOPATHIC practice of medicine. and symptoms designated in the first, second, and third types ofthe disease, viz.: First, smooth, white, enlarged kidney ; second, granular, brownish or red kidney; third, lardaceous, waxy, or amyloid degeneration. First. The pathological or anatomical changes in this form of kidney disease (viz., the smooth, white kidney) are not dissimilar to those pertaining to the more acute form of Bright's disease, with but one marked difference. While the organ is very much enlarged and increased in weight, the capsule is thin and easily stripped off; and as the disease advances, the over-distended uriniferous tubes burst, and their contents are removed by absorption, the size of the organ is not materially lessened, and its sur- face maintains its ordinary smoothness; whereas, in the other forms, when the destruction ofthe interior begins to throw off its debris, the organ begins to contract, and its surface becomes corrugated and shriveled. Again, it is almost an invariable coincidence that—when the face is white and swollen; the surface smooth, dry, and glossy ; and the body bloated with dropsy and a great tendency to such secondary conditions as pneumonia, acute bronchitis, and the other uremic accidents in this form of kidney disease—there is a less tendency to valvular disease of the heart and hypertrophy of the left ventricle than in the granular form. In addition to the above, the urine becomes scanty, yet maintains its usual specific gravity, albuminous and com- monly bloody, and contains epithelial elements, tube casts, fatty cells, and frequently pus corpuscles. It is also attended with a class of distressing symptoms of the chest, such as attacks of palpitation of the heart, suffo- bright's disease of the kidneys. 555 cative cough, and great difficulty of breathing, gener- ally paroxysmal and very threatening in character, and completes its course by terminating fatally in a shorter period than the granular form. Second. Granular, brownish or red kidney. In this form the organ is not only lessened in size, but reduced in weight. "Its surface rough and studded by numer- ous rounded elevations, in size varying from a pin's head to a pea." The capsule is opaque, thickened, and adher- ent, so that it cannot be taken off without tearing the glandular structure; on section it has a red or brownish red color, coarse and granular in texture, and the whole organ appears tough and resistant, and, when a section of it is passed undera microscope, the secreting tissue is found to be nearly destroyed ; the disease appears to pass from the surface to the central parts, and almost completely obliterates the uriniferous tubes with exuda- tions, and thereby destroys the function of the organ. The development of cysts is more common than in the other form, but they are much smaller, and by some are supposed to be formed by a dilatation of epithe- lial cells. As a general thing dropsy is not an attendant of this form of the disease, and, when it is, it is simply evidenced by a puffiness beneath the eyes and an cede- matous condition ofthe feet and legs, and the secretion of urine, instead of being diminished as in the first vari- ety, is inclined to be copious, amounting to three or four pints a day, but of low specific gravity, and depositing but little or no sediment. Its subjects are generally among the more advanced in years than the other form, aud it does not run its course so quickly, but there is 556 homeopathic practice of medicine. a much greater tendency to cardiac troubles, especially hypertrophy, than there is in the other form. Third. Lardaceous, waxy, or amyloid degeneracy. Ex- ternally, the waxy or lardaceous kidney is something like the smooth, white kidney: it is smooth and the capsules easily peeled off. While the organ is usually enlarged, sometimes it is diminished in size. Its characteristic appearance on section is the bloodless, white, or yellow- ish color of the cortex, with a waxy, smooth appearance resembling bacon rind, and the organ is conspicuously tough and hard. The epithelial cells of the uriniferous tubes are commonly withered and frequently infil- trated with fatty molecules, but never of waxy mate- rial (Wagner). It is said that in this condition the liver and spleen are usually greatly enlarged and in a lardaceous state (Rosenstein), showing this form to be something more than a disease of the kidney alone, but depending upon a dyscrasy involving the other conglo- bate glands in a similar condition. It is said that this variety of kidney disease ap- proaches insidiously and generally appears in persons of cachectic and debilitated habits of body from some preexisting wasting disease ; and I see that pulmonary tubercle, caries, and syphilis are among those most prominent. The appearance of those afflicted with this form of kidney disease is pale and cachectic, and dropsy is not present in most of the cases, nor those symptoms of a uremic character; the urine is rather profuse during the early stages, and but slightly albu- minous ; but as the disease advances the urine becomes scanty, dense, and highly albuminous; it is rather pale bright's disease of the kidneys. 557 in color, and does not deposit a very copious sediment, which principally consists of atrophied renal cells, tube casts usually waxy and hyaline, and, in addition thereto, Roberts says that the enlarged lardaceous liver and spleen are co-existent with the diagnosis of the waxy kidney, and that the character of the casts are not diagnostic, but merely suggestive of the condition. Bright's disease is rather insidious in its invasion, and most frequently arrives at an alarming condition before it attracts special attention, and then not unfre- quently misdirecting inquiry, as it is seldom manifested as an idiopathic affection, but secondary to some of the cachectic conditions referred to, and attention is only awakened by the gradual failure of strength, sallow- ness of the complexion, a lethargic condition, disinclina- tion to physical exertion, some puffiness beneath the eyes, oedema of the feet and ankles, frequent urination, and shortness of breath ; or all of these conditions may lie concealed for some time, and be suddenly revealed by exposure to cold, fatigue, or a fit of intoxication, when rapid general dropsical accumulations will appear, the urine become scanty, and not infrequently sanguineous. Thus, the principal symptoms of Bright's disease are albuminous urine, deposits of tubes, casts, and epithelium from the pelvis of the kidney, frequent micturition, especially at night—quantity voided vary- ing from an increased amount, of low specific gravity or paucity, with increased density, varying from 1.005 to 1.014, sometimes as high as 1.032 or 1.035, and con- taining the elements of pus or blood in addition to the elements above named; dropsical effusions in the 558 homeopathic practice of medicine. cellular tissue, or within the serous cavities, especially the pleural, and oedema of the lung; imperfect vision, coma, or convulsions from uremic poison; paroxysmal attacks of great difficulty of breathing, from a poisoned condition of the nerve centers; and hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart; and the variety, whether it be the first, second, or third, will be designated by the prom- inence of the different symptoms named, and the mor- phological elements observed in the urine. Again, there are cases in which these premonitions are almost entirely wanting, or they are so slight as to hardly attract atten- tion, and the fatal disorganization proceeds unnoticed until it manifests itself by epileptiform convulsions, rapid coma, amaurosis, or pulmonary oedema. And after it becomes definitely established, it does not always pursue an uninterrupted course of advancement, but will often remit, with intervals of comparative rest or quiescence ; and exacerbations or aggravations occur from exposure to cold or some imprudence, and fre- quently without any assignable cause, but definitely marking an advancement toward a fatal termination, leaving the system in a more weakened condition and an aggravation of all the symptoms. Cause.—The cause of this form of kidney disease is quite different from those of more recent origin and that are more strictly inflammatory in their character,— a scrofulous diathesis, bad living, " long-continued exposure to cold and wet," intemperance, syphilis, consumption, and a general depraved or cachectic state of the system. Scrofula and gout may be considered as bright's disease of the kidneys. 559 a prominent predisposing cause to those glandular diffi- culties, especially the contracted corrugated variety. I have seen several well defined cases in which repeated attacks of gout occurred, before attention was directed to the kidneys; also, scrofulous enlargements, eczema, and salt rheum existed long before the organic difficulty of the kidney became manifest. Therefore, it would seem that those renal changes are not strictly idiopathic in their character, but more of a secondary origin, and simply the expression of some primary blood poison ; — while the other forms are more the result of suppressed perspiration; taking cold from sudden transitions of warm to cold, and wet to dry; irritating articles of drink ; also, turpentines and cantharides taken as medi- cines, and mechanical injuries from blows, falls, etc. More especially is this they case with the chronically enlarged kidney, which appears to be the result of fre- quent congestions from exposure to cold and wet, or in those who are employed at furnaces where they are exposed to great heat and perspire freely while at work, and, when relieved, sit in a cool place, and frequent cold bathings, the perspiration becomes suppressed, the surface cold, and the blood is thrown in upon the inter- nal organs, none of which suffer so much as the kidneys, considering the density of their structure and the size of their blood-vessels in proportion to the size of the organ. And this form of kidney disease (hypertrophy) may exist for a long time, before any special incon- venience may occur, or symptom become manifest, directing our attention to its existence; but, upon exam- ination, we find the presence of albumen in the urine, 560 HOMEOPATHIC practice of medicine. and its specific gravity ranging low, from 1.005 to 1.014, which is that generally characteristic of Bright's dis- ease. It may be well to state that the normal specific gravity of urine varies from 1.015 to 1.025 or 1.027, and low specific gravity in almost every form of kidney disease is regarded suspiciously and as an unfavorable prognosis, unless the specific gravity is compensated, in part, by the greater amount of urine voided. Treatment.— It may not be amiss to state that, in this form of disease, much depends upon care and the practice of the many precautions in way of prophylac- tics in preventing a development ofthe disease. When the elements are manifestly present, strict attention to moderate and even temperatures; avoid cold, dress warm, wear flannels next the skin ; sitting in drafts of cool air and cold bathing are decidedly objectionable ; warmth, warm air, and hot baths are beneficial, by producing an increased action in the capillaries and moderate exhala- tion from the surface in way of perspirations ; irritating seasonings and stimulating drinks should be strictly avoided, as well as everything tending to exhaust or fatigue the general system; and restrict in all kinds of beverages as far as practicable, and thereby prevent, in part, a disposition to anasarcous swellings by over- taxing diseased organs. In fact, those who are suffer- ing from this disease, in order to delay its progress should take good care of themselves by observing the above rules; and in addition thereto, should not tire, fatigue, nor overtax themselves at any kind of labor or exercise, for, as it has already been stated, it is one bright's disease of the kidneys. 561 great exciting cause in developing derangements that prove a step forward to a fatal termination. These pre- cautionary measures are absolutely necessary; for, if the disease is not so far advanced that there is no hope of a radical cure, by the aid of appropriate medication, in connection with the prophylactics mentioned, much can be done in restoring the organs to their normal con- dition. And if the case has advanced to an incurable condition, its progress can be stayed, and life prolonged not only for months, but, in many instances, for years. The following are among the most prominent reme- dies that have been used successfully during the differ- ent stages of the disease, viz.: At any time during the progress of the disease that there is a feverish or subinflammatory condition, give Aconite. But if that condition is associated with pain in the forehead, or with dizziness and copious urination of light-colored and watery urine, or with a white, thick sediment, give Belladonna. But when there appears to be a congestive head- ache, " pain in both temples," and especially if the pain is aggravated by motion, or at any time when associ- ated with cough, producing some pain or soreness of the chest, or an asthmatic condition, give Bryonia, and Bryonia is especially indicated if attended with pains in the back and of the limbs of a rheumatic character. When the patient is gloomy, irritable, and despond- ing, sickly looking, ©edematous condition of the eye- lids, rheumatic and neuralgic pains, and pains in the 36 562 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. region of the kidneys, especially of the right side, urine increased in quantity, of an acid reaction and albuminous. Phytolacca Decan. . When the urine is scanty, of low specific gravity, and decidedly albuminous and dropsical swellings of the inferior extremities. Chimaphila Umbellata. When associated with great difficulty of breathing, restless sleep and full of dreams, and pain in the region of the kidneys, and especially if of a spasmodic character. Chelidonium Majus. But when the disease is fairly established, urine diminished in quantity, of low specific gravity and albuminous, puffiness beneath the eyes, oedematous condition of the ankles, shortness of breath, depending upon oedematous condition of the lungs, or effusion within the pleural cavities. lod. Potas. And should there be evidences of general dropsy, swellings of the ankles, and enlarged abdomen, thirst, and scanty urination, give Apis Mell. in alternation with the Iodide of Potassium. Should dropsical conditions continue, and the bowels remain constipated, use Clutterbuck's Elaterium, which, as a hydragogue cathartic, will tend to remedy, or, at least, relieve both the dropsical effusion and constipated condition ofthe bowels—for the time. I would use and persist in the lod. Pot., morning, noon, and night, irrespective of the other remedies, such as Apis Mell., Apocynum Cann., Nitrum, Bromine, and the other remedies that may be more especially indicated bright's disease of the kidneys. 563 from the dropsical symptoms, difficult breathing, etc. They can be used ad interim as auxiliaries to the other remedy in allaying many of the distressing symptoms, and without interfering in the least with its general curative effects. At any time that there is marked prostration, suffo- cative oppression of the chest, dropsy of the chest, and palpitation, give Arsenicum. Apis Mellifica, Apocynum Cannabinum, Nit. Pot., and the Acetate are the principal remedies to be used in controlling the dropsical swell- ing and the other unpleasant symptoms, together with the occasional use of Elaterium, especially during constipation. And during the treatment strict attention is to be paid to the diet and regimen ; live well, make use of good generous food, that of a nutritious character. The yolk of eggs are especially good, avoid irritating seasonings and stimulating drinks, and restrict in fluids as far as possible. Avoid cold, especially cold bathing, dress warm, and indulge in an occasional warm or vapor bath, which will do a great deal of good, by determin- ing to the surface and relaxing the exhalants of the skin—be careful and avoid everything tending to de- range the system, and we will find that this formidable disease can be stayed in its progress, and in many instances will admit of a radical cure. Note.—I see that many of our distinguished writers, such as Hale, Burt, and H.N. Martin speak very highly of Phytolacca Decandra in Bright's disease, especiaUy when the urine is not diminished in quantity, hut rather increased and albuminous. 564 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Inasmuch as there are so many serious conditions depending upon an imperfect urinary secretion, and the physician is so often called upon to make an examina- tion, I have deemed it advisable to publish the follow- ing blank report of a urinary examination, which is identical with the one used in my practice, name and residence simply being omitted. It is very similar to the pretty little ones of Drs. Piffard and Flint; it is printed on a half sheet of letter-paper or large-sized note. BRIGHT'S DISEASE OF THE KIDNEYS. 565 New-York, 1883. Mr. The sample of urine furnished us gave, upon a care- ful chemical and microscopic examination, the following results, viz.: Chemical Examination. Physical and Chemical Characters. Quantity voided in 24 hours, Color, Odor, Reaction, Specific gravity, Percentage of solid matters to 1000 parts of water, Albumen, Sugar, Chlorides, Phosphates, Microscopic Examination. Deposit, Crystals, Tubes, Casts, Other morphological elements, Remarks. MODES FOR BRIEFLY EXAMINING THE URINE, OR QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS. From three to four ounces of urine, taken from that passed during the day and night, put in a tightly corked and unexceptionably clean vial, placed in a tempera- ture, or sand-bath, until its temperature marks 60 degrees Fahrenheit. Then, with a correctly scaled urinometer, take its specific gravity, after noting the quantity voided in twenty-four hours, which should be from thirty-two to forty ounces (from a quart to a quart and half-pint), its color, odor, reaction (which is deter- mined by blue litmus paper), the percentage of solid matters to 1000 parts of water (which is obtained by doubling the fraction or fractional figures of its specific gravity); thus, if the specific gravity is 1.025, twice 25 is 50; or, if it is 1.015, twice 15 is 30, which marks the percenfage of solid matters to 1000 parts of water,— 50 or 30, as the case may be. For albumen, a drachm or two of urine is put in a test-tube, and a few drops of chemically pure nitric acid is added, which will precipitate the albumen, if any be present; or boil the urine in a test-tube by holding it over a spirit-lamp; or add a few drops of absolute alco- EXAMINING THE URINE. 567 hol, or a solution of Cor. Merc, or pure Acetic Acid ; but, as a general thing, adding a few drops of Nitric Acid, and boiling, will precipitate the albumen in the form of # white flakes, similar in appearance to the cooked white of an egg, if any be present. The tests for the presence of sugar are several, but I prefer Trommer's for its simplicity, which is as follows: Put a drachm or two of the suspected urine in a test- tube ; add three or four drops of a solution of the sul- phate of copper, shake it gently, and then add about half as much Liq. Potassae as there is urine in the test- tube ; shake the mixture, and it will become dark blue; then hold it over the spirit-lamp, and bring it to the boiling point. If sugar is present, the mixture will become a pale yellow (canary color), and a precipitate of yellowish-brown will appear, which is the suboxide of copper. To ascertain the amount of sugar that the urine con- tains is easily accomplished by the fermentative process of Dr. Roberts. It is to put from three to four ounces of the urine in a vial that has rather a large mouth ; add to it a small quantity of German yeast; cork it with a cork that has several small openings, or perfor- ations, similar to a pepper-box. Fill another vial with a like quantity, and cork it; stand them in a tem- perature of from 100 to 110 degrees Fahrenheit for twenty-four hours; after which place them in a temper- ature alike, where they can cool; then decant or pour them off carefully in separate narrow vessels,—cylin- ders in which a urinometer can float,—and take the specific gravity of. each, and the number of degrees 568 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. that the one that had the yeast mixed with it has lost will mark the number of grains of sugar to the fluid ounce of urine. By this process, the saccharine urine is made to undergo fermentation, and the sugar is converted into carbonic acid, and escapes and lessens the density of the urine as above stated. The test for the chlorides is a solution ofthe nitrate of silver, which is added to the urine in a test-tube. Add from ten to twenty drops of the standard solution to about a drachm of the urine, and moderately shake it, or bring it to a boiling point over a spirit-lamp, and the chlo- rides will be thrown down in a dense white precipitate. The phosphates have been dignified by the term of " phosphatic diathesis," which means about as much as the term implies. They are always present in alkaline urine, and supposed to be connected with a disposition to calculus ; also to be very materially influenced by food, and observable in different forms of disease, espe- cially those ofthe brain. The microscopic portion of the examination consists in putting a few drachms or an ounce or two of urine in a precipitating-glass, and let it stand for from six to twelve hours ; then, with a pipette-tube, carefully raise the precipitate from the bottom of the precipitat- ing-glass, on which will be the morphological elements. Place it on the glass slides for the microscope, and, by the aid of the instrument, you can determine the char- acter of the morphological elements that are present, whether they are the ordinary debris from the waste of the tissues, or the mucoid and epithelium from the mucous surfaces marking a catarrhal condition of the EXAMINING THE URINE. 569 urinary track, or whether they are epithelium from the pelvis of the kidney, which are easily distinguished by their size and form ; or hyaline and waxy casts, urinif- erous tubes, blood disks, pus corpuscles, and the other elements that characterize the more serious form of kidney disease. The above brief mode of examination will enable us to ascertain pretty correctly the charac- ter of the disease, and enable us to give a tolerably clear prognosis as to its termination. In addition to the above, I will give the following diagnostic of Bris- tow, which is unquestionably correct. The appearance of epithelium casts indicates acute disease; large hyaline casts and fatty casts, chronic and degenerative disease; while small hyaline casts, granular and blood casts are of little special significance. CATARRH OF THE BLADDER. A large percentage of those cases in which we are consulted, that are supposed to be "Bright's disease," is catarrh of the bladder. The appearance of the urine, to an inexperienced mind, is quite sufficient to produce alarm, when, in point of fact, the worst-appear- ing urine—looking like muddy water, or a mixture of mucus, blood, and buttermilk, or cloudy with a dense mucoid deposit or precipitate—most generally points to and are the evidences of catarrh of the bladder ; while it is in the clear, light-colored, and transparent urine — that requires the microscope to bring to light its threatening evidences—lurk the symptoms of de- struction. Catarrh of the bladder is simply an inflammation of the mucous lining of the organ. It is attended with some fever, of an irritative character, and pain and un- easiness in the region of the bladder,, frequent desire to urinate, and attended with more or less pain. The pain is located in the bladder, neck of the bladder, and urethra, and sometimes extending up the ureters. The urine is passed in small quantities, and frequently at- CATARRH OF THE BLADDER. 571 tended with severe pain of a burning and scalding char- acter. It is frequently loaded with mucus, sometimes blood, and in many cases the presence of pus. Cause.—The cause of catarrh of the bladder is gen- erally cold, mechanical injury, or some irritating article of medicine, or stimulating drinks ; but cold is by far the most frequent cause. Treatment.—When there is a decided feverish con- dition. Aconite. Also, if attended with burning and scalding and te- nesmus at the neck of the bladder, and especially if while urinating. But if there is a constant desire to urinate, passing but little at a time, and attended with pain, give Belladonna. Or, if the emission is copious and frequent, Belladonna is one of our best remedies. When the pain is very severe, with a constant desire and voiding but little at a time, simply by drops, and the pain of a burning and scalding character, and principally located in the urethra. Cantharis. Catarrh of the bladder attended with tenesmus, con- stant urging to urinate, and passing but small quan- tities. Gelsem. When the urine seems hot and burning, or is red, brown, and scanty, burning and cutting previous to the appearance of the urine, Bryonia. It is more 572 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. especially indicated when the prominent symptoms are aggravated by motion. For the chronic forms, attended with some uneasiness at the neck of the bladder and smarting in the urethra when voiding urine, there is nothing so pretty to allay it as some of the " balsams," as they are specifics in almost every form of irritation of the mucous surfaces; and when there is some difficulty in urinating, give Nit rum, in alternation with the balsam. In addition to the above, fomentations to the region of the bladder and perinaeum, demulcent and mucilagi- nous drinks, such as Gum Arabic Water, Flaxseed and Slippery Elm Tea, or Rice and Barley Water, and quie- tude will do much toward removing the difficulty. Diet and Regimen.—Food that is easy of digestion and non-irritating in its character, and demulcent drinks, avoiding all stimulating drinks and seasonings, are unquestionably advisable. PYJSMIA, SEPTJSMIA, ICHORMMIA. (BLOOD POISON.) Purulent blood, " or a state of the blood in which pus globules are found floating among the proper blood disks." This form of blood poison is hard to account for. It cannot be caused from the commingling of pus from some local suppuration; and doubtful whether it is from pieces of clots, in case of embolism or thrombus (in which vitality had ceased), commingling with the blood, and thus poisoning it, upon the principle of inoc- ulation from a foul instrument, or with putrid animal matter. Such cases as the latter do occur, and are easily traced to the cause ; but it is those cases occur- ring spontaneously, without any premonitory symptom or assignable cause, peculiar to certain seasons or years, appearing rather sporadically, but over a considerable extent of territory. Generally commencing in form of erysipelas of a phlegmonous character, carbuncles, and an innumerable number of small boils, abscesses, sup- purating and sloughing sores appear, and there is a general tendency to suppuration. The proximate or immediate cause of it does not 574 HOMEOPATHIC practice of medicine. appear clear. Considering it to be an impoverished condition of the blood, depending upon a want of proper nourishment, does not appear satisfactory; but a depraved condition, depending upon the presence of some deteriorating material as yet beyond our cogni- zance appears more reasonable, for the treatment insti- tuted toward remedying that impoverished condition — by the free use of animal food, beef and mutton extracts, generous wines, etc.—has signally failed; while that directed by symptoms and appearances, homceopathically indicated, has, I believe, in every instance proved successful. Treatment.—The remedies that I have found most useful in this affection are Bryonia, Rhus Tox., Bella- donna. Verat. Alb., Arsenicum, Lachesis, Hepar Sulpih., and Mercurius. Bryonia—When there is a yellowish appearance of the skin, the vesicles burst and peel off, or the sores surrounded with some swelling and redness; symptoms aggravated in the evening, and relieved by rest. Belladonna.— Skin red, hot, erysipelatous; some swelling of the affected parts, or eruptions resembling measles, boils, or petechia ; pains and uneasiness ; worse at night. Arsenicum.—When the sores are of a carbunculous character, with heat and burning in them ; or black blisters, burning and painful; suppurating or putrid- appearing ulcers, and coldness of the extremities ; rest- less at night, and complains of great weakness. PYEMIA, SEPT^EMIA, ICHOR^EMIA. 575 Rhus Tox.—Erysipelas, inclining to phlegmonous ; pustular and mattery eruptions, patches of burning vesicles, with rhagades, pains and uneasiness ; worse at night. Lachesis.—Erysipelatous eruptions, especially on the face ; gangrenous-appearing blisters, small ulcers scat- tered over the body and limbs, indolent-appearing ulcers, drowsiness, and general lassitude. Verat. Alb.—If the eruption somewhat resembles itch, extremities inclined to be cold, and great prostration. Mercurius.—Malignant - appearing ulcers, spreading ulcers, and malignant-appearing suppurations; itching at night, and wakeful. Hepar Sulph.—When there appears a general dispo- sition to suppuration; the hands and feet are chapped ; deep rhagades in them ; and a general disposition for the swellings and ulcers to suppurate. Aconite and Bryonia may be required during the treatment, should fever arise, or fever attended with headache or rheumatic pains; but, as a general thing, the fever is not of an inflammatory character, but irri- tative. Phytolacca Decan. is also a good remedy if the eruptions are principally boils. Administration.—Repeat the remedies that are indi- cated every two, three, or four hours, as may be neces- sary; simply judging from the severity of the symptoms and the relief obtained. 576 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Diet and Regimen.—Pure air, equitable tempera- ture, nourishing food, and cooling, refreshing beverages. Practice strict attention to cleanliness by washing, sponging, and cleansing the ulcerations, and the apply- ing of suitable dressings when they are required. GRAVES' DISEASE. This is a very remarkable condition,—almost per- sistent palpitation of the heart, throbbing of the carotids, and associated with enlargement of the thy- roid gland, and exophthalmus or protrusion of the eye- balls. It appears to be principally confined to the female sex, and occurring soon after puberty. Bristow thinks that, " notwithstanding the proximate cause is obscure, there are circumstances which render it prob- able that the collective symptoms are due to some affection of the sympathetic system, which allows of passive dilatation of the vessels of the neck, thyroid gland, and those of the orbit." I have seen two cases,—one in a little miss of about sixteen, of quite a low stature, but not in the least emaciated but rather full, the other a young lady of about twenty-four, both brunettes,—and both of them were able to be about and attend to their ordinary duties. They have a very peculiar staring appearance, and their principal complaint is palpitation of the heart and shortness of breath. 578 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Treatment.—The principal indications are to ar- rest the growth of the thyroid gland and control the action of the heart, and I know of no remedies better calculated to accomplish it than the Iodide of Potassium, Iodine, Cactus, Digitalis, and Cann. Indica. Give the Iodide of Potassium morning, noon, and night, unless it disagrees with the stomach ; if so, substitute the Iodine. Give the Cactus during the forenoon, and the Cann. Indica in the afternoon and evening; and at any time that the action of the heart appears slow, and there are symptoms of venous congestion with blueness of the face, give Digitalis. Diet and Regimen.—Nutritious food of easy diges- tion, avoid excess in fluids, and fatiguing exercise and excitements of all kinds. HYDATIDS. We are informed that these parasites more frequently affect the liver than any of the other organs within the peritoneal cavity or connecting tissue. Sometimes there are two or three of them in close proximity, or even in clusters; but when affecting the liver, they are usually solitary. They are not marked by any special symptoms indicating their growth, or even their pres- ence, but the deformity from their size and the disturb- ance they produce by pressure upon the adjacent organs or tissue; nor can they be traced to any assign- able cause. The principal remedies in their treatment are lod. Pot., Apis Mel., and Arsenicum. I have used these remedies with marked success, giving the two first in alternation every three or four hours, unless there were symptoms indicating weakness, want of action, and coldness of the extremities. Then, Arsenicum in alter- nation with the Apis Mel., omitting the Iodide of Potassium. Diet and Regimen.— There is no special restriction in diet, further than omitting fluids as far as practicable. GALL-STONES. These biliary concretions are formed in the liver or gall-bladder, and vary in size from a pin's head to a pea and larger. They are the cause of very severe suffering when passing the excretory duct of the liver, or the ductus communis. When lodged there, the pain in the region ofthe liver is intolerant, frequently extending to the back and stomach, inducing severe retching. The hepatic colic, of course, varies in its intensity according to the size of the calculus and its difficulty in passing the ducts to the intestine. They sometimes grow to a large size and remain in the gall-bladder. The indications of treatment are to allay the suffering as far as practicable, and produce a general relaxation, so as to lessen the resistance to the passing of the cal- culus, which is more readily accomplished by the means of warm baths, or fomentations to the region of the liver, and some of our anaesthetic remedies. When accomplished, the secretions of the liver can be attended to, and another similar condition easily prevented by the use of Podophyllum, Mercurius, Leptandria, and Gelseminum. GALL-STONES. 581 These remedies should be given in rotation as they are named, one a day, or one morning and evening ; then the next similarly, and persisted in so long as there are any symptoms of jaundice, or pains or soreness in the region of the liver; and at any subsequent period, should there be symptoms of a return, a dose or two of Podophyllum will effectually prevent it. Diet and Regimen.—No particular restriction re- quired further than in use of such food or drinks that are known to be of a bilious tendency. TYPHLITIS AND PERITYPHLITIS. The former signifies an inflammation of the walls of the caecum. The latter an inflammation of the tissues surrounding the caecum. It is a painful and dangerous condition characterized by pain, tenderness, and more or less tumefaction in the right iliac region. If the condition is simply inflammatory from cold, or some other cause, such as an injury from a kick, blow, or fall, and not from some foreign substance, such as a grape, raisin, or apple seed impacted in the vermi- form appendage, there is a reasonable hope and expect- ancy for success in treatment; but if the latter, ulceration and abscesses of a most distressing character generally prove fatal. Treatment.— Aconite, Bryonia, Gelseminum, and Mer- curius are the principal remedies, given at short inter- vals, as they are specifically indicated, together with fomentations to the iliac region, strict quietude, and moving the bowels, if necessary, with bland enemas. Diet and Regimen.—Light farinaceous food and cooling beverages are decidedly the most judicious. PERIPROCTITIS. This is an inflammation and suppuration of the infe- rior curvature of the rectum, much more common and far less dangerous than the other, or corresponding, affections of the caecum, but frequently attended with severe pain. The treatment is simple and generally efficacious. The constitutional treatment simply consists in moder- ating fever and general inflammatory action, which is done with Aconite and Bryonia, and Arsenicum if the system is prostrated ; the local, by Tinct. Hamamelis (Pond's Extract); one part to three of water, used as an enema four or five times a day, or a supersulphate enema, composed of six ounces of water, eight grains of sulph. of zinc, and two of sulph. of morphia; inject a large-sized tea-spoonful, or a dessert-spoonful, every two, three, or four hours, judging from the relief obtained. Carbolic Acid, properly diluted, is also a very good local application in way of an enema. The bowels should be kept moderately open, if nec- essary by means of some of the aperient waters, or Castor Oil, or demulcent enemas. Diet and Regimen.—In accordance with the ends to be accomplished by treatment. Note.—When the pain and uneasiness are very severe, the suffering is frequently allayed by the introduction of a suppository of from one-eighth to one-quarter of a grain of morphia and cocoa-nut butter. ADDISON'S DISEASE MELASMA ADISONII. This is a disease implicating the supra-renal capsules, and is supposed to be associated with a tubercular destruction of those bodies. Characterized by those peculiar moths, or yellow spots, so frequently called hepatic blotches, or bronzed skin, appearing on dif- erent parts of the body, side, back, and hips, and frequently on the forehead, eyelids, cheeks, and neck. What it is that begets that accumulation of molecular pigment in the cells of the rete mucosum, we know not; but we do know that it indicates a condition of the system that requires to be corrected, or trouble will be the result. Treatment.—If the system is the least run down, it should be brought up with Iron and Arsenicum; and as an alterative specific to the case, the Iodide of Potassium and Iodine should be used, either separately, or morn- ing, noon, and night, or in alternation every four or six hours. If the spots are principally on the face, Sepia is a good remedy. Diet and Regimen.—Good nourishing, sustaining food ; dress warm ; avoid variable temperatures and fatiguing exercise. INSOMNIA. (WANT OF SLEEP. WAKEFULNESS.) Want of sleep, or restlessness at night, is a condition not only unpleasant, but wearing in its character; for if there is a truism, it is that sleep is "Nature's sweet restorer," and the want of it soon tells on the animal economy, in producing not only a wearied, worn ap- pearance, but upon the capacity to attend to business. Treatment.—For sleeplessness at night from anguish, restless, frequent waking, starting as from fright, or if occasioned by thinking of business, or if disturbed by frightful dreams. Belladonna. Sleeplessness from great agitation of body and mind ; waking with starting ; restless and unsatisfactory sleep all night. Coffea; Cann. Indica. For sleeplessness from mental excitement, more espe- cially if it occur during the latter part ofthe night. Nux Vom. Sleepless; tossing about; sleep prevented by ideas crowding upon him; nightmare, and sleep full of dreams. Pulsatilla. Morning drowsiness; stupefying slumber in the day- time, and sleepless at night. Phos. 586 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Frequent waking ; sleep full of fancies ; restless at night; uneasiness, and jerking in the limbs. Zincum Metal. For drowsiness during the day, and restless at night, especially during the forepart of the night. Bryonia. For a general restlessness, unpleasant thoughts, and an unpleasant feeling and confusion about the head. Cann. Ind. Diet and Regimen.—About the only thing to guard against is eating late, and especially of food that is indigestible. TINNITUS AURIUM. (RINGING AND ROARING IN THE EARS.) Is an unpleasant condition, chiefly depending upon some local difficulty of the ear from cold, or a thicken- ing of the drum or tympanum, secondary to the erup- tive fevers; sometimes depending upon a decided inflammatory condition, and at others from a remissness of the nerve (portio dura). Treatment.—If depending upon an inflammatory condition. Aconite, Bell., and Bryonia. If attended with a discharge from 'the ear. Sulph., Calc. Carb., and Pulsatilla. If from a remissness of the nerve. Nux Vom. and Rhus Tox. Administration.—If the attack is of an acute char- acter, repeat the remedy every hour or two ; if chronic, morning and evening, or morning, noon, and night is quite often enough. WRITERS' CRAMP. (OR SCRIVENERS' PALSY.) As the name implies, occurs to those whose business is principally writing—those who are engaged in writ- ing for a long period of time, and having the muscles fixed in one position. If allowed to continue from its first inception, or when the lameness or unsteadiness is first noticed, it becomes not only unpleasant, but threatens a complete paralysis of the part. Treatment.—When this condition is first noticed, the business should be changed, or, at least, a relaxation from it, and the muscles differently exercised. Nux Vomica is the principal remedy, and should be given morning and evening. Cold spongings to the part and friction, and light applications of electro-magnetism have been of great service. ANAEMIA Consists in a diminution of the solid constituents, extractive matters, and salts of the system, and is characterized by paleness, palpitation, feebleness, a tendency to faint, and general debility. It is a con- dition more liable to occur on or about puberty, espe- cially if appearing in form of chlorosis in young females of from fifteen to twenty years of age, and generally depending upon functional, ovarian, or uterine disturb- ances. It, however, occurs in those of maturer years, and depends upon some special dyscrasy, also upon residing in unhealthy locations, want of pure air, proper food, and exercise. Treatment.—The treatment consists in those reme- dies that are calculated to increase the general vigor of the system, and to be given more as nutrients, in appreciable doses, than by symptomatological indi- cations. The remedies are the Precipitated Carbonate of Iron, Calc. Carb., and Calc. Phos. and Arsenicum. When the lips are pale and blanched, pulse feeble, patient weak and lethargic, Precipitated Carb. of Iron 590 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. and Calc. Phos., or Calc Carb.; the Iron in the morn- ing, and the Calcarea at night. But if the patient is quite emaciated, with weakness of the limbs and a disposition to an oedematous condition of the feet and ankles, give Arsenicum in alternation with the Iron. Should there be coldness of the extremities or surface, a want of capillary circulation, give an occasional dose of Sulph., or Sulph. and Phosphorus in alternation. Diet and Regimen.—Food should be good and nutri- tious ; of easy digestion, so as not to overtax a weak nutritive system; avoid cold and variable tempera- tures ; dress warm, with flannels next the skin, and take gentle exercise in the open air. INTUSS USCEP TION. (INVAGINATION OR VOLVULUS.) By this term is understood an invagination of the intestines: a portion of the bowel descends into the lumen of the bowel which immediately succeeds it, forming a kind of cul-de-sac, or, like the finger of a glove drawn within itself, completely obstructing the passage of anything beyond the invagination. It usually takes place at the ileo-caecal valve, the junction of the ileum and caecum, especially when it occurs with chil- dren. But with adults, jejunal and ileac intussuscep- tions are more frequent. I have seen three such cases, and was not able to refer either of them to any special cause. The difficulty is characterized by severe colicky pain, obstinate constipation, tumid abdomen, nausea, and vomiting up the contents of the bowels. One of the cases was in a man of about thirty or thirty-five, active and robust: he had complained some, for which he took a cathartic; it did not operate, and he took another; he continued repeating the cathartics until he had taken some four or five, with like results, at which time he commenced vomiting faeces, and was suffering 592 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. intense pain in the abdomen, and more especially in the vicinity of the jejunal and ileac junction, with great ten- derness and tumidity ofthe entire abdomen. I was called, and, after ascertaining the condition, recommended, or rather practiced, the introduction of an oesophagus tube as far up the intestines as it could be introduced, and injected him full of warm milk and water, and had taxis constantly practiced by two persons alternating with each other; at the same time, I kept my patient in an almost unconscious condition by the use of Chloroform and the Valerianate of Atropine and Morphia. On the seventh day the intestine receded, or became disen- gaged, and his bowels moved naturally, showing a clear passage through, and the patient recovered. The second was a dear little son, aged about seven years, of one of my families. He complained similarly to the case above cited, and was treated similarly until I saw him. His pains were very agonizing, abdomen tumid, a little increased tumidity and tenderness in the right ileac region ; bowels obstinately constipated, and confined for nineteen days; stomach nauseated, and frequent vomitings of faeces. Between the nineteenth and twentieth days his bowels moved, passing thirteen and a half inches of the intestine in pieces from half an inch to an inch and a half in length, most of them pre- serving their cylindric form. He has fully recovered, and is in the full enjoyment of his usual good health at this present time, which is nearly three years since the attack. The treatment in his case, so soon as the character of the difficulty was fully realized, was taxis and enemas, intussusception. 593 very similar to the other case, until the expediency of taxis became questionable from the supposed condition of the parts involved in the obstruction. Then it was omitted, and the treatment consisted of Valerianate of Atropine and Sulph. Morph., in doses sufficiently large to allay all pain and produce a degree of quietude, and the careful administration of warm milk-and-water enemas. The process in the cure of these cases is, the invag- inated portion of intestine sloughs away and is evacu- ated, the entering and receiving portions at the point of entrance remain adherent, and the canal re-opens. The late Professor Van Buren reported a case to the New-York Pathological Society, where five feet of the intestine sloughed off and passed per anum, and the patient recovered. The late Dr. Peaslee exhibited at a meeting of the Academy of Medicine, in 1865, five feet of intestine that passed per anum four months before the death of the patient. Dr. Peacock records a case in which not less than twelve feet of the intestine was involved; and Dr. Smith reports seven recoveries out of fifty cases, and those by sloughing, and that the dura- tion of fatal cases does not exceed eight days, and fre- quently not beyond the third. Treatment.—It does not appear necessary to say much more concerning treatment than has already been said. Cathartics are out of the question and decidedly injurious. Taxis in the vicinity of the obstruction, bulky and soothing enemas are advisable; and quieting remedies in doses sufficient to accomplish it by the mouth, enemas, or hypodermically, are all-important. 38 594 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Diet and Regimen.—While it is necessary to sustain our patients, it must be done by nutrients in the smallest possible bulk; small quantities of the extracts of meats should be used, and for drink wetting the patient's lips, or sucking a bit of ice, or using small quantities of fruit ices; the patient kept in an equable temperature, and attention paid to quietude. Note.—The third case was an Infant of but four months old, and the case proved fatal. M£Nl£RE'S DISEASE. (AURAL VERTIGO.) This disease is characterized by sudden attacks of vertigo, in association with lesions of the semicircular canals. It was first recognized and described by M. Meniere in 1861. (Bristow.) The disease is sometimes preceded by earache and other evidences of aural mischief, and it frequently occurs without any special manifestation. The patient is suddenly attacked with noises in his ears and a feel- ing of vertigo, sometimes followed by faintness, pallor, perspiration, and sometimes nausea and vomiting. The attacks are of short duration, sometimes lasting but two or three minutes, and the patient apparently completely recovering from it. The noise is, as above stated, sometimes referred to one ear, at others to both, and described as buzzing, humming, roaring, whistling, singing, and as the puffing of steam from an engine. The sense of vertigo varies in its severity and duration. Sometimes a staggering, or even a misstep or fall for- ward or backward, takes place, not dissimilar to ver- tiginous spells, but are never attended with loss of consciousness; and it is a curious fact (so stated by 596 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. authority) that, if absolute deafness supervene, the symptoms above named entirely disappear. Treatment.—At any time that there is an inflamma- tory condition, Aconite and Bryonia or Belladonna may be taken separately, or in alternation, every four or six hours, until relieved. Next in order comes Nux Vom. and Rhus Tox, one in the morning, the other in the evening. But at any time that there is a reeling or staggering gait, with pressure on top of the head. Cann. Ind. Diet and Regimen.—In accordance with the ends to be accomplished by the remedies. APHASIA. (IMPAIRMENT OR LOSS OF POWER OF SPEECH.) This is a peculiar condition, appearing sometimes suddenly from paralysis of the tongue (a remissness of the lingual nerve), or upon that form denominated glosso-pharyngeal paralysis, implicating the vocal cords, or it may follow an attack of general paralysis. I saw a case that followed an attack of right hemiplegia, which occurred at the breakfast-table while the lady was in the act of passing a cup of coffee to her husband, which was suddenly dropped. The hemiplegia passed off in about four days, but the aphasia continued with but gradual improvement for better than twelve months. The difficulty appears to be an inability to utter or pro- nounce certain words. She could write them correctly, and use the words she wished to express an idea with, but could not articulate nor pronounce them ; while other words she could use as well as ever. Treatment.—Use tonics and other means that are calculated to increase the general vigor ofthe system. Aconite, Bell., Nux Vom., Sulph., and Phosphorus are thi remedies that appear to accomplish most in the way of specific treatment. 598 homeopathic practice of medicine. Aconite.—For a general feverish condition, attended with tingling and numbness of the hands and fingers. Belladonna.—If attended with a heavy, intoxicated feeling in the head, sensation of a tingling heat in the face, stammering of the organs of speech, ptyalism. Nux. Vom.—When troubled with headache, and especially if it is of a congestive character, or one-sided headache ; tongue coated and dry, and difficult speech. At any time that there is coldness of the extremities, or a want of capillary circulation, give Sulph. or Sulph. and Phosphorus every four or six hours until that con- dition passes off. Then resume the Nux Vomica, by giving it at night and Phos. in the morning, and con- tinue them until there is a marked improvement. Diet and Regimen.—The food should be nutritious and of easy digestion; fresh air and invigorating exer- cise, and gentle friction with the hands of a healthy person will frequently do much good by increasing and invigorating the action of the skin. HYPER ^ES THE SI A. This term applies to that condition denominated augmented or exalted sensibility, in which the various organs of sense are more readily acted upon, such as extraordinary acuteness of hearing, the sensitiveness of the eye to light, and the skin to the touch. Conse- quently, ordinary sounds and noises are distressing to the ear and to the general senses; light is distressing and painful to the eyes, and the aesthetic skin recedes from slight pressure and from mere contact. This condition frequently occurs with those inclined to hysteria, and in children of nervous temperament, and is too often regarded as unnecessary peevishness with the former and crossness with the latter; but it is a condition the symptoms or attributes of which are beyond the control of those who are its recipients. It is a painfully exalted sensibility, and not within the sphere of apparent causes. Treatment.—When the skin is distressingly sensitive to the touch; excessive sensitiveness of hearing, and intolerance of sound; eyes appear red and inflamed. Aconite. 600 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. For excessive irritability and sensibility of the organs of sense; anxious, uneasy, and terrified condition and sleeplessness at night. Belladonna. If there is a condition of uneasiness, associated with headache, and numbness or tingling sensation of the extremities. Nux Vom. If very sensitive to noise. Lachesis. If there is sensitiveness to the light, especially in the evening, and nausea or hiccough. Gelseminum. Diet and Regimen.—As there are two distinct con- ditions of the system, in which this difficulty appears, viz., the one a full habit inclined to plethora and congestion, the other thin, sparse, and sometimes cachectic, the former, of course, requires a treatment tending to equalize the circulation by moderately diminishing the habit; while the other requires such articles of food as tend to increase the general vigor of the system, and thereby do away with the aesthetic irritability. ADIPOSIS. The growth of fatness, or obesity. (Thomas.) This is a condition depending upon (in part, at least) a peculiar dyscrasy, or disposition to grow fat. What that dys- crasy consists in, further than an active nutritive system or assimilative function, I know not; for a large major- ity of fleshy persons are generally among the smallest eaters. The treatment consists in regulating the diet, some- thing on the Banting plan; principally using the nitro- genized food, such as lean meats, and omitting the non-nitrogenized, such as those vegetables that contain sugar and dextrine ; or starchy material, as bread and butter, potatoes, rice, beets, turnips, parsnips, and such like; living principally on lean meats and the green vegetables, and restricting in fluids of all kinds as far as practicable. If this course of dieting is persisted in, it will go far toward remedying the condition ; and an occasional dose of Calc. Carb., Colchicum, and Apis Mel- lifica, will help along. PICA. This term is generally applied to a depraved appetite, or desire for varied and unnatural food, common in chlorosis and in pregnancy. But I have seen several cases in children with an almost unconquerable appetite or relish for carbonate of magnesia and other absorbent alkaline earths, and eat them with avidity, .is though they were some sweet confection. I have also seen children in the country—I mean infants that were creeping about the floor—go to the whitewashed walls and scale off pieces of lime and eat them, which, to me, appeared more like a longing or natural craving for that which the system was deficient in than a per- version of appetite ; for a reasonable indulgence in the material, or the administration of the Carbonate of Mag- nesia and Calcarea Carb., in appreciable doses, invaria- bly remedied the cravings. This condition is vastly different from the dirt, pencil, slate, and clay eaters, which may in part be caused by the condition of the stomach producing an abnormal craving; but, more likely, simply and unconsciously practiced until it insid- iously reaches a filthy habit. POLYDIPSIA. This term is applied to denote the craving for exces- sive drinking of fluids. It is generally seen in dropsies and in diabetes insipidus. Water is drunk in enor- mous quantities, several gallons in twenty-four hours. It may occur in early life, and continue for an indefinite period, and not lead to any disease serious in itself, further than the annoyance and the debility it may occasion; and Bristow says, with our present knowl- edge, cannot be satisfactorily explained. Nit. Uranium, Colch., Apis Mellifica, and Can. Indica have proven very successful. At the same time, the patient should master or restrain the appetite for fluids as far as possible. LYMPHOMATA. By the above term is understood the ordinary enlarge- ment or knotted condition of the lymphatic glands, especially those of the neck, the abdomen, the axillae, and the inguinal region. They are generally seen in those of a scrofulous habit, or diathesis. They are rather of a chronic character, not rapid in their growth, and do not often terminate in suppuration. The Treatment consists in those remedies that are calculated to invigorate the system and give increased action to the superficial capillaries; and alteratives oi a tonic character are especially useful, of which is the very pretty preparation of Tasteless Syrup ofthe Iodide of Iron. When the skin is pale, the patient thin and spare, surface cold, give Sulph. every day for a week. Then give the Tasteless Syrup of (he Iodide of Iron morning and evening until there is a decided improve- ment in the general health, or until the indurations begin to disappear. The Iodide of Potas. is a very pretty remedy to con- tinue with until the swellings are entirely gone, pro- LYMPHOMATA. 605 vided there is an increased development of the general health; but if the patient continues weak and pros- trated, the preparation of Iron above named is decidedly preferable. Diet and Regimen.—The food should be good, nutri- tious, and of easy digestion. If the patient is thin and spare, the generous use of the non-nitrogenized food and plenty of milk should be indulged in; but if inclined to be fleshy, such food should be restricted, and the nitrogenized (lean meats) principally used. CHAPTER XXI. DISEASES AND CONDITIONS PECULIAR TO FEMALES. The beauty and extreme delicacy of the female organ- ization, independent of its anatomical and physiological characteristics, are sufficient to indicate that it is subject to a class of diseases and modifications peculiar to itself. How beautifully formed is woman, and how strikingly dissimilar to man in her physical structure. Though in- ferior in stature, she is eminently superior in point of per- fect symmetry, her bones are thinner and more pliant, with their angles less acute, and their articulations better concealed. The chest is more elevated and the thorax shorter, giving her a peculiar delicacy of waist. The pelvis differs in many respects from that of man, it has a greater expansion of the bones; the pubes are more arching and the diameters larger, and she is thus " calcu- lated to subserve one of the most important and interest- ing functions." The muscular fibre appears to possess a greater degree of sensibility and mobility, the former ren- dering her more susceptible to moral and physical impres- sions, and the latter imparting ease and grace to her move- ments. The nervous system also presents its peculiarities; the nerves are smaller and more delicately formed, and are necessarily endowed with a much greater sensibility, contributing in en eminent degree to impressions which MENSTRUATION. G07 render her more liable to spasmodic disease and inordi- nate stimulus. It is not necessary here to give the more distinctive an- atomical peculiarities of the sex; it is sufficient to say that from her peculiar organization woman is destined to perform not only the most interesting, but most important parts in propagating her species, viz.; conception, gesta- tion, delivery and suckling, and is necessarily subject to the various contingencies dependent upon these condi- tions. A consideration of the many evils these processes subject her to, will show us how strong a claim she has upon our tender regard. In the language of Dewees, " she is liable to all such as may arise from sexual functions and organization ; and before she can perform one of the ultimate intentions of her creation, she is obnoxious, from mere structure, to painful, and sometimes to fatal diseases." The period of puberty is frequently replete with evils, depending upon the retention, premature appearance and irregularities of the menstrua; and besides these, she is liable to most of the evils that can befall the two sexes. I. MENSTRUATION. Menstruation, from the Latin, (mensis, a month,) signi- fies the monthly discharge which indicates the age of puberty in the female. The period of life when this action appears, varies much according to climate, the mode of living, and the manners and customs of society. In hot climates females begin to menstruate at eight or ten years of age, but in the northern latitudes the time is protracted, and as we advance towards the more frigid regions, it is generally delayed until the eighteenth or twentieth year; 608 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. in temperate countries it averages from the fourteenth to the sixteenth. When once established, this action occurs regularly during health,(unless interrupted by pregnancy and nursing,) about every twenty-eight days, lasting from three to six days, and so continues until a final cessation takes place, generally between the forty-fifth and fiftieth year. But this cessation, usually termedchange of life, is governed more or less by the first appearance of the menses; thus, it occurs much sooner if the menses com- mence early and vice versa. lam aware that some object to the usual definition of menstruation and urge several exceptions ; as for exam- ple such as never menstruate, others who menstruate during pregnancy or while nursing their infants, and occasional instances in which menstruation appears in early childhood; but these are unnatural morbid excep- tions and cannot therefore be advanced as objections. At the age of puberty a complete change takes place, and many striking phenomena make their appearance, not only in physical, but also in mental development and proportion ; it is not only an interesting period, but one ofthe most beautiful of which the female is susceptible. The complexion changes, the countenance becomes more expressive, the eyes beam with intelligence, the voice becomes soft and more harmonious, the neck increases in size, and acquires a more perfect symmetry, the breasts enlarge, the nipples become more prominent, the chest expands, and, in fine, there is a more perfect development of the entire system, and a new being appears created. The mind is no longer engaged in childish amusements, but she commences mingling with society, and begins to build bright hopes of future happiness. RETENTION OF THE MENSES. 609 II. RETENTION OF THE MENSES. This is more properly a delay of the first appearance of the menses. When the age of puberty has arrived, and the menses do not appear, evident symptoms of deranged health are soon manifest, such as dizziness, faiutness, oc- casional bleeding at the nose, determinations to the head, difficult breathing, palpitation of the heart, precarious appetite, peculiar cravings and loathings, and a general derangement of the nervous system, not unfrequently producing convulsions, and St. Vitus' Dance, and if not remedied in season, the patient in many instances de- clines under consumption. Treatment.—When the patient is rather pale, delicate, and slender, of mild, amiable temperament, and inclined to melancholy ; palpitation of the heart, and occasional shooting pain through the head. Pulsatilla* When the face is flushed, and the patient complains of morning headache; vertigo during the day, with a degree of heaviness in the head ; bleeding at the nose. Bryonia. And more especially if the symptoms are aggravated during the evening and early in the morning. When the patient is inclined to be nervous, especially if she is delicate, with a fine, sensitive skin; a ten- dency to take cold when exposed to the wind, and an itching of the genitals. Sepia. * Pulsatilla and Sulphur have proved most efficacious in the cases which have come under my observation, except in case of a disposition to scrofula or tubercular disease, wlien Ferrum, Calcarea, and Silex should be resort d to 39 610 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Sometimes there is considerable pain shooting up from the pudendum ; and if it is attended with shuddering, and the pain is relieved by warm applications, this last drug is more specifically indicated by its " characteristic pecu- liarities." When there is an itching of the vagina, or swelling of the labia ; painful sensitiveness of the abdomen ; or colicky pains; constipation of the bowels; or an irregu- larity from diarrhoea to constipation. Sulphui. When there is a degree of coldness and shuddering; a disposition to faint, and spasmodic twitches of the mus- cles ; or convulsive movement's ofthe limbs. Veratrum. Administration.—Give the drug indicated by the symptoms once a day, unless there should be some severe symptoms, indicating it at shorter intervals. Diet and Regimen.—The diet nutritious, and of easy digestion; free exercise in the open air, and especial attention to keeping the feet warm ; an occasional warm foot-bath before retiring will be found very serviceable in most cases. I fully concur with Dr. Pulte in regard to the impropriety and evil consequences of wearing "thin- soled shoes." It not only tends to prevent the appear- ance of the menstrual flux, but when this action has become fully established, the mischievous habit produces delays, suppressions, irregularities, etc.; the caution, therefore, is necessary, not merely for the young and unmarried, but also for mothers and females of maturer years. II. CHLOROSIS. (Green Sickness.) Chlorosis, (from the Greek, signifying green, pale,) is so called from the greenish, yellow appearance of those who chlorosis. 611 are afflicted with it. It is a disease or condition of young females, depending upon the non-appearance of the men- ses, and is characterized by a degree of heaviness, weak- ness and fatigue upon moderate exertion ; palpitation of the heart; pains in the back and through the hips; flat- ulence ofthe bowels and a peculiar morbid condition of the stomach ; and an unconquerable relish for chalk, lime, and other earthy substances; as the disease advances, the face becomes pale, the breathing hurried, the pulse ' small and quick, and the feet begin to swell. Treatment—The principal remedies in this affection are Ferrum, Calcarea, SUicea, and Kali-carb. Give them as they are here arranged, once or twice a day, continuing each remedy for a week or fortnight, unless another should be more strictly indicated. Ferrum.—Pale face and lips; or a jaundiced complex- ion ; swelling beneath the eyes; pressure in the stomach after eating or drinking; loss of appetite and an acid taste; nausea and vertigo. Calcarea.—Pale or sallow countenance; dark border around the eyes; or a circumscribed redness ofthe cheek ; distension ofthe stomach ; water brash ; dizziness; dull- ness of mind, low spirits, and melancholy. SUicea.—Pale, swollen face and upper lip ; irregular action of the bowels; frequent desire to urinate ; disten- sion of the abdomen; degree of uneasiness in the bowels and hypochondrias; despondency; difficulty in thinking; and all the symptoms aggravated at or near the appear- ance of a new moon. Kali-carb.—Drowsiness during the day and early in the evening; dryness ofthe skin; bloated face, and red- 612 homeopathic practice of medicine. ness of the cheek early in the morning; nausea and an acid taste ; eructations; costiveness ; and stitches here and there. Diet and Regimen.—As previously directed. IV. AMENORRHEA. (Suppression ofthe Menses.) Amenorrhea is applied to a " temporary cessation " or suppression ofthe menstrual discharge, after it has been regularly established. The consequences of such suppres- sion are observed in violent congestions to the chest or head, and sometimes to the stomach, attended with cramps and convulsions of a frightful character ; at other times the symptoms are not so acute, but consist simply of headache, dizziness, and an unstrung condition of the nervous system, which may continue for some length of time before they become of a more alarming character. The cause of suppression is principally cold, from wet feet, and other injudicious exposures. It has also been caused by violent mental emotions, and errors in diet. Treatment.—I have also used Pulsatilla and Sulphur in this form of menstrual difficulty to great advantage, and almost regard them as specifics in every case. But there are conditions in many instances, which demand other drugs, such as Aconite, Opium, Veratrum, Coff a, Bella- donna, China, and Phosphorus. Aconite.—If there are inflammatory or febrile symp- toms; flushed face, and accelerated pulse, headache, etc. Opium.—If there is a congested state of the brain ; inclination to drowsiness; dark, congested appearance ofthe face, and a rather slow pulse. MENORRHAGIA. 613 Veratrum.—If the patient has spasms of the chest or abdomen, Coffea.—If the suppression is produced by sudden joy; and also if there is great sensitiveness, restlessness at night and want of sleep ; headache; a degree of anguish; inability to think distinctly, and a gloomy state of mind. China.—If the suppression is in consequence of debil- itating losses. Belladonna.—If in consequence of a general plethora; face flushed ; roaring in the ears ; and occasional spark- ling before the eyes. Administration.—Repeat the drug indicated, every three or four hours, until it produces the desired effect. Diet and Regimen.—The diet must be in accordance with the condition of the patient. If the suppression de- pends upon debility, it should be generous but in strict agreement with homoeopathic rules ; if the patient is of a full habit and disposed to plethora, it should be of the simplest kind, and restricted in quantity. Gentle exercise in the open air, if the condition of the patient will admit of it, attention to the warmth of the feet, and an occa- sional warm foot bath before retiring. V. MENORRHAGIA. {Immoderate Flow of the Menses.) Menorrhagia, (from the Greek words, the menses, and to break out;) is a flooding, or haemorrhage from the uterus. This disease, or uterine difficulty, is generally charac- terized by pain in the back, loins, hips and abdomen, which in many instances is almost as severe as labor pains. 614 homeopathic practice of medicine. The causes of Menorrhagia are, violent exertions, falls, suppressed haemorrhoidal discharges, dancing, active ca- thartics, immoderate use of highly seasoned dishes, inor- nate sexual indulgence, and frequent and protracted use of the warm bath ; and everything that tends to pro- duce a plethora, as well as debility, increases a predis- position to it. Treatment.—If an immoderate flow of the menses occurs in a person of full, plethoric habit. Aconite. If there is much pain, especially of a bearing down and pressing character ; the blood discharged appears bright red and contains clots; the abdomen is distended but not hard. Belladonna. When there is much pain in the back and between the hips ; bowels constipated; cutting pains in the abdomen; the blood discharged is mostly in clots. Nux- Vomica. When the discharge is attended by an aching pain in the vagina, or a stinging in the os tincae, (month of the womb); and especially if it occurs in an elderly female. Calc-carb. If the discharge is thick and offensive or corrosive, attended with a burning soreness of the pudendum. Carbo-veg. When there is pain in the back, of a bruised character ; a degree of chilliness in the hands and feet. Phosphorus. When there is great sensitiveness of the parts, with pressing down sensation. Platina. When there is burning in the abdomen or loins ; nau- sea, and sickness of the stomach; weariness of the limbs ; MENORRHAGIA. 615 and especially if the discharge takes place during preg- nancy, threatening miscarriage or abortion. Secale-cornutum. When there is spasmodic drawing in the small ofthe back ; or pain on touching it; the patient complains of shortness of breath; and especially if the flow occurs periodically, at or about new moon. SUicea. If the discharge is dark, and appears like partially de- composed blood; pale face, and trembling lips ; stupefac- tion of the senses, or the patient appears frightened or timid. Stramonium and Cicutce. Should the discharge occur during fever of a typhoid character. Hyoscyamus. When there is a griping pain in the uterus (womb); or cutting, colicky pains in the abdomen, attended with a discharge of blood in clots. Chamomilla. For a disposition tohasmorrhage during the menstrual intervals ; the patient is troubled with nausea, and loss of appetite; tension in the region ofthe liver, and abdomi- nal spasms. Bryonia. When it occurs during the menstrual period, or con- tinues too long and profuse ; the abdomen is distended ; pain in the back, and a constrictive pain in the abdomen as if it were whooped. Lycopodium. When caused by a strain or violent exertion. Sulph-acid, Ruta, and Rhus-tox. When caused by a fall or bruise. Arnica. When caused by suppressed piles. Nux- Vomica, Sulphur. 6 16 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When caused by a cold. Dulcamara, Nux-Vomica, Administration.—If the discharge is active, repeat the medicine every fifteen or twenty minutes ; if passive or mild, every four or six hours is sufficient. Diet and Regimen.—The diet must be light and ofthe mildest and most unirritating character; the drink cold. Keep the patient in a recumbent posture, perfectly quiet, and strictly avoid every thing tending to excitement. The apartment should be cool and well ventilated. External Applications.—I have frequently found it necessary to apply napkins, wet in cold water to the abdomen, and even to introduce them into the vagina in cases of severe hasmorrhage, and always with very satis- foctory results. VI. DYSMENORRHCEA. (Painful or Difficult Menstruation.) Dysmenorrhea. (From the Greek, with difficulty ; and the Menses.) Painful menstruation is characterized by severe pains in the back, loins, and abdomen, a short time previous to the appearance ofthe menses, which sometimes continue during the entire period. It is generally caused by ex- posures to cold, errors in the mode of living, and not un- frequently by improper treatment, and with some it appears almost constitutional. Treatment.—The principal remedies in this form of menstrual difficulty, are Nux- Vomica, Belladonna, Coccu- lus, Chamomilla, Veratrum, Coffea, and Pulsatilla. Nux-Vomica.—When there are severe pains in the small Note.—For the almost unbearable pains preceding menstruation, the Viburnum opulus is a specific. Given in from 5 to 15 drops every three or four hours until relieved. DYSMENORRHEA. 617 of the back and through the hips, with soreness of the abdomen, and constipation. Belladonna.—Severe bearing-down pains, pressing early in the morning, copious emissions of urine, and especially in the young, inclined to a plethora, or of scrofulous predisposition. Cocculus.—Painful menstruation, with a copious dis- charge of blood ; oppressive, spasmodic pains in the ab- domen. Chamomilla.—Cutting pains in the abdomen ; pressure toward the uterus, like labor-pains ; discharge of coagu- lated blood; and frequent desire to urinate. Veratrum.—Pains very general; cramps of the legs ; bleeding at the nose ; general coldness and diarrhoea. Coffea.—Pains in the small of the back ; weakness of the limbs; extreme sensitiveness of pain ; anguish and restlessness. Pulsatilla.—Severe pains in the uterus and abdomen ; a degree of chilliness, with yawning ; palpitation ofthe heart, and oppressed breathing. It is especially indi- cated in those of a lympathic temperament, with fair complexion, blue eyes, and mild disposition. Administration.—Give the remedy every half hour or hour until relief is obtained. Keep quiet in bed, and do not fear to make use of a little external warmth by means of fomentations, or hot dry flannels to the abdomen and hips, and a warm brick to the feet.* * In several cases which came under my observation, the application of warm flannels and fomentation*, as above directed, wore of infinite service, and frequently relieved without the aid of any other means. 618 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Diet.—Compatible with the remedies employed and the ends to be accomplished. Warm drinks are best. VII. IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION. For the premature appearance of the menses : Ammo- nia, Calc-carb., Carbo-veg., Kali-carb., Kreosote, Nux- Vomica, Phosphorus, Platina. Sepia, and Sulph-acid. For a delay of the menses : Causticum, Dulc, Drosera, Graph, Lycopodium, Natrum, Pulsatilla, Sepia and Sulphur. When the menses do not continue long enough : Amm., Euphrasia, Dulcamara, Graph., Conium, Phosphorus, Pla- tina, Pulsatilla, and Sulphur. When the discharge continues too long; if in one of a full habit and disposed to plethora: Aconite, Belladonna. If with pain in the small of the back, constipation and soreness of the abdomen : Nux-Vomica. If attended with cutting pains in the abdomen and pressure in the uterus : Cham. If with general pain and cramps of the legs: Veratrum. If with pain in the small of the back; weak- ness of the limbs, and extreme sensitiveness : Coffea. [f attended with shuddering chills and palpitation : Pul- satilla. If the discharge is too profuse also, and attended with violent spasmodic pains: Secale-cornutum. If caused by debility : China, Ferrum. For insufficient menstruation : Alum. When the men- ses are scanty and pale : Carbo-veg. When scanty and pale, attended with itching or a burning soreness in the pudendum : Cocculus. When attended with oppressive, abdominal spasms, flatulence and lameness: Conium. Itching in the pudendum, pinching and griping in the IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION. 619 uterus, and abdominal pains : Graphites. Soreness of the pudendum, scanty and pale discharge ; sleep disturbed by frightful dreams: Lachesis. Scanty, disappearing and re- appearing, violent, labor-like pains : Sulphur. Sluggish- ness of circulation, want of animal heat and coldness of the extremities. When the discharge is too profuse : Aconite, Belladonna. Calc-carb., Carbo-veg., Nux- Vomica, Phosphorus, Platina, Sabina, Secale, Silex, Stramonium, Sulphuric-acid. (Vide Haemorrhagia.) Final Cessation.—(Change of life.) Lachesis, Pulsa- tilla, Cocculus, Conium, Graphites, Lycopodium, Sepia and Sulphur. (Vide their indications.) When the menstrual discharge is pale and watery: Calc-carb., Carbo-veg., Cocculus, Ferrum, Graphite, Pulsa- tilla and Sulphur. When it is dark brown : Carbo-veg., Rhus-tox, Arseni- cum, Veratrum, Conium. When it is a thick blood : Cro- cus. When of a bluish color: Cuprum. When bright red : Hyoscyam. If bright red, in a full, plethoric habit: Aconite. If in a phlegmatic temperament: Pulsatilla. When the discharge is in -coagulums, (clots:) Cham., Rhus-tox. When the discharge is corrosive : Carbo-veg., Causticum, Kali. When it consists of fetid blood : Carbo- animalis, Carbo-veg., Crocus. Administration.—Repeat the drug indicated every two, three or four hours, as may be necessary, judging from the urgency of the symptoms. Diet and Regimen.—In accordance with homoeo- pathic rules during treatment. 620 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. VIII. CESSATION OF THE MENSES. (Change of Life.) A final cessation of the menses occurs at about the age of forty-five, sometimes sooner, sometimes later, de- pending in a measure upon the early or late appearance of the first discharge. It is termed by some the " critical period," and too often proves emphatically such, not only in consequence of neglect in not sufficiently estimating the character ofthe symptoms, considering them as mere freaks of the imagination, or as nothing more than a little nervousness; but also in consequence of endless prescrip- tions of drastic medicines, stimulants, anti-spasmodics, nervines, and the very objectionable practice of frequent bleeding, producing an unstrung condition ofthe nervous system, local congestions and determinations, and all the consequences which result from such conditions,oppressed breathing, palpitation, headache and dizziness, hyste- ria, apoplexy, dropsy, organic disease, mental derange- ment, etc. If the age of puberty, when the interesting young girl is budding into womanhood, is so replete with danger, requiring the most affectionate and constant care to guide her safely amid all the perils to which frail humanity is exposed, do we not owe equal responsibility and duty to one who, having buffeted the vicissitudes and dangers of many years, discharged the duties of an affectionate wife and faithful mother, and borne in pain and nurtured with uuceasing care and anxiety a numerous and promising offspring, has at length arrived at the meridian of life to encounter new and peculiar risks ? In this change of life, this critical period, she is not only exposed to all the dangers her physical structure is susceptible of, but, in many instances, her constitution is completely shattered, CESSATION OF THE MENSES. 621 from having passed through the various conditions neces- sary in performing the intentions of her creation. She is far more excitable and exceedingly sensitive, and has pre- eminent claims upon our sympathy and kindest care. Treatment.—When the menses have ceased, and there is pain in the abdomen of a pressing, cutting, or lacerating character; the pains subside upon the reappearance of the discharge ; the patient complains of oppression in the chest, difficult breathing, variable appetite, heaviness of the head, and pale face. Lachesis. When the cessation is attended with palpitation of the heart, pressure in the pit ofthe stomach, pains in the abdo- men or sensitiveness ofthe abdominal parietes, a degree of shuddering or chilliness, and that condition of the skin termed goose-flesh ; heaviness ofthe head; gloom, mel- ancholy, dejection, and apprehension. Pulsatilla. 4When attended with contractive pains in the uterus; pains in the small ofthe back and abdomen ; constipated bowels; freqnent inclination to urinate; aversion to food; sour eructations; melancholy and apprehension. Nux- Vomica. And more especially if the symptoms appear aggravated by coffee, wine, smoking, or mental exertions, and if they are worse in the evening or early in the morning. When the menses have been suppressed for a length of time, (six months or a year,) and reappear with pain in the back ; oppression of the chest; severe spasmodic pain in the stomach after eating; nausea; palpitation; hysteric spasms of the chest, or a paralytic state of the inferior extremities; headache; vertigo and nausea; anxiety and anguish. Cocculus. 622 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When there are stitches in the vagina ; itching ofthe pudendum; spasmodic pain in the uterus; excoriating, smarting leucorrhoea; pains in the stomach ; heat in the face ; dullness and heaviness of the head ; hysterical de- pression of spirits; inclination to startings and vertigo. Conium. When there is burning on the top of the head ; or itch- ing of the scalp; sleep disturbed by frightful dreams; smarting of the eyes; vertigo, with wildness and confu- sion ; a degree of indistinctness about the head. Graphites. When there is a stupefaction of the senses; horrid anguish ; the patient is suspicious, complains of having been poisoned; pale face; dimness of vision, and symp- toms worse in the evening. Hyoscyamus. When there is a tendency to start; vexed and irritated mood; dullness ofthe head ; weak memory; restlessness at night, and drowsiness during the day; when the menses reappear, or there is a disposition to dropsy. Cali-carb., Sulphur. When there is a bloody discharge alternating, with leucorrhoea of an acrid, corroding character; lancinations in the hips; thirst and a burning sensation; frequent desire to urinate, and sometimes the passage of bloody urine; periodical headache; melancholy anguish and indifference to life. Arsenicum. Administration.—The remedies should be repeated according to the indication or urgency of symptom every hour, or every two, three, or four hours as may be nec- essary ; sometimes once or twice a week is sufficient. Diet and Regimen.—Nutritious food which will not over-tax the digestive organs; warm, comfortable cloth- LEUCORRHEA. 623 ing, and regard to the warmth of the feet; exercise in the open air, change of scene, and agreeable society. IX. LEUCORRHOEA, FLUOR ALBUS. (Whites.) Leucorrhea, (from the Greek, white, and to flow,) is a mucous, milky secretion from the vagina, which varies in consistency and color. The disease is characterized by a discharge of thin white or yellowish matter, sometimes tinged with blood, and excoriating the parts; smarting; pain in the back and loins; debility and frequently pal- pitation and loss of appetite. It may proceed from a variety of causes, such as debil- ity and irritations arising from uterine misplacements; immoderate sexual indulgence; irregular menstruation ; laxity of the parts ; exposures to cold; the excessive use of coffee, tea, and spices ; irregular hours, piles, worms, mechanical injuries in tedious labors; and it frequently appears as a symptom of uterine disease. Treatment.—The principal remedies for the treatment of Fluor Albus, are, Aconite, Pulsatilla, Nux-Vomica, Phos- phorus, Sulphur, Sepia, Calc, Cocculus, Merc, Arnica, Cina, Teucrium. Aconite.—When it occurs in plethoric females, or dur- ing puerperal fever and when the discharge is yellowish, copious and tenacious. Pulsatilla.—When the discharge is thick, like cream ; itching ofthe parts; and especially if the patient is of a phlegmatic temperament. Nux-Vomica.—Fetid leucorrhoea, giving the linen a 624 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. yellow stain ; constipation ; pain in the back; and espe- cially when the discharge occurs during pregnancy. Phosphorus.—Leucorrhoea before and after the menses ; smarting and urging to urinate. Sulphur and Sepia.—Yellowish discharge, with itching in the vagina; soreness and itching in the labia and pu- dendum. The latter if the discharge is greenish and fetid. Calcarea.—Leucorrhoea, like mucus or milk,principally discharged while urinating; aching in the vagina or burn- ing and stitches. Cocculus.—Discharge of a saneous matter before and after menstruating, attended with flatulence and colicky pains. Mercurius.—Greenish, acrid and corrosive leucorrhoea, causing smarting. Arnica.—When it depends upon mechanical injury. Pulsatilla and Sulphur.—When it depends upon sup- pression of the menses. Nux-Vomica and Sulphur.—When it depends upon piles, and occurs during pregnancy. Cina.—When caused by verminous irritation. Teucrium.—If by the small pin worms in the rectum, and vagina. Administration.—Give the drug selected once a day, or if severe, morning and evening. Diet and Regimen.—The diet must benourishing,and the patient should avoid, as far as possible, exercise on Note.—Should the internal remedies fail, mix one part of Tinct. Hamamelis with five or six of water, and inject about a lablesp-.onful two or three times a day; or mix eight grains of Sulph. Zinc in a half pint of wafer, and use as above. PREGNANCY. 625 foot, especially going up and down stairs. Keep the parts clean by frequent ablutions of cold water. X. PREGNANCY. (Utero gestation) We cannot regard the natural condition of pregnancy whereby our species is propagated as a disease. But in consequence of the influence ofthe womb over the gen- eral system, through the medium ofthe nervous system, pregnancy proves the source of many disagreeable sensa- tions which if not arrested may run into disease, attend- ed with alarming symptoms and sometimes fatal conse- quences. But it is " universally acknowledged that women who bear children enjoy more certain health, and are less lia- able to dangerous diseases, than those who are unmarried or who prove barren." It is necessary to be familiar with the signs of preg- nancy, not only to direct our prescriptions, but also to shield the innocent from the tongue of scandal, and to guard their rights in a medico-legal point of view; for not only life and character, but estates often depend upon the physician's opinion in this respect, and also in regard to the term of gestation. Suppression of the menses, nausea and vomiting, (usually termed morning sickness,) enlargement of the breasts, appearances of the areolas around the nipples, enlargement of the abdomen, increas- ed size of the uterus, projection ofthe navel, spitting of white frothy mucus and salivation, are among the ordi- nary evidences of pregnancy. In some cases there is a peculiarity of expression, a sharpness of feature, a change of complexion, and irritability, with dislikes, capricious appetite, craving, and longing. But still when we consider 40 626 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. that most of these symptoms are dependent upon an irri- table condition of the uterus, the question might reason- ably be asked, can they be relied upon as unequivocal signs of pregnancy ? I am inclined to think not, unless they are associated with the sign of quickening (the mo- tions of the foetus) which generally takes place at four months or a little later after conception, and with the progressive rising ofthe womb from the pelvis, the con- sequent enlargement of the abdomen, and the presence of milk in the breasts. It is true that a suppression of the catamenia, together with morning sickness and enlargement of the breasts, is generally considered "prima facie" evidence of pregnancy, and in the majority of instances it proves correct; but in grave questions, where character and personal rights are involved, it should be regarded as insufficient. XL DURATION OF PREGNANCY. The term of utero gestation, or in other words, the time required in perfecting the foetus, from conception to delivery, is generally considered by the profession and others, as completed in nine calendar months, although it may in some instances fall short, and in others over-run a few days ; but this is the average time. Forty weeks is considered by our courts of law as the usual time of gestation; yet the matter is always decided by the evi- dence of medical men, when the question of legitimacy is raised, in determining estates and parentage, and some- times appears in rather a complicated shape when, as Guy says, in his " Forensic Medicine," it lies between two husbands or two "possible fathers." DISEASES DURING PREGNANCY. 627 XII. DISEASES DURING PREGNANCY. Although pregnancy is a natural and healthy condition, it nevertheless predisposes to many symptoms and dis- eases which require the attention ofthe physician. This predisposition depends upon an increased irritability of the nervous system, rendering females more susceptible to mental and physical impressions, and sympathies from reflected irritation, such as nausea and vomiting, heart- burn, headache, toothache, dyspepsia, constipation, diar- rhoea, dysury, incontinence of urine,sleeplessness,cramps, pains in the side, piles,mental emotions and convulsions. Treatment.—For nausea and vomiting during preg- nancy. Ipecac, Nux- Vomica, Arsenicum, Pulsatilla, Petro- leum, Natrum-muriat. Ipecac.—If the tongue is coated, and there is an aver- sion tofood; a sweet,insipid taste; sickness of the stomach and vomiting of bile, or large quantities of mucus. Nux-Vomica.—If headache, pressure in the stomach, and constipation attend the sickness ofthe stomach. Arsenicum.—When the vomiting takes place after eat- ing or drinking, and is attended with great weakness and prostration. Pulsatilla.—Loss of appetite; putrid taste, with incli- nation to vomit; everything tastes bitter; pale face, mel- ancholy, and a disposition to mucous diarrhoea. Petroleum.—Flat taste; feeling of fullness in the stomach ; sickness of the stomach and vomiting. Natrum-muriaticum.—Nausea and vomiting ; nausea immediately after a meal; loss of taste and appetite; sour G28 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. stomach, with painfulness; water-brash; sour regurgita- tion of food. For headache during pregnancy. Bell., Bryonia., Nux-Vom., Platina, Veratrum, Coc, For toothache. Cham., Puis., Merc, Sulph., Sepia. For dyspepsia. Nux-Vom., Puis., Sepia, Phos. For constipation. Nux-Vom., Bry., Opium, Lycopod. For dysuria and stranguary. Nux-Vom., Puis., Cantharis, Sulph For incontinence of urine. Pulsatilla, Bell., Stram., Sepia For sleeplessness. Coffea, Bell., Cham., Nux- Vom., Opium, Hyos. For fainting, (Hysterics.) Ignatia, Pulsatilla, Camph., Bell. For piles. Nux- Vomica, Sulphur, Sepia. For cramps in the abdomen. Nux-Vomica, Pulsatilla, Cham. For cramps in the back. Ignatia, Rhus-tox., Bryonia, Kali-carb., Bell. For convulsions, (spasms.) Ignatia, Hyos., Platina. For cramps in the hips. Colocynth, Rhus-tox. For cramps in the calves of the legs. Veratrum, Secale, Hyoscyamus. For cramps in the feet and toes. Calc-carb., Bryonia, Lycopodium. For pain and swelling ofthe feet. Lycopod., Bryonia. SPOTS ON THE FACE DURING PREGNANCY. 629 For pain in the right side. Aconite, Nux-Vom., Cham., Puis,. For heart-burn, (acid stomach;) water-brash, (Pyrosis.) Nux-Vom., Phos-acid, Puis., Sulphur. Administration.—Give the remedy once a day, until the symptoms indicating its use are removed, unless the symptoms are fainting, severe pain, and cramps or con- vulsions, which require the repetition of the medicines at shorter intervals, in many instances, as often as every ten or fifteen minutes, until relief is obtained. Dtet and Regimen.—The appetite in pregnancy (as previously stated) is often rather capricious, and I have accordingly allowed my patients to indulge it in quality as far as possible, without interfering with necessary treatment. Pure air and moderate exercise will be found serviceable; but every exertion, such as lifting, strain- ing, jumping, or riding in an uneasy carriage, especially upon rough roads, and reaching by extending the arms is very injurious. I have known more cases of abortion and miscarriage caused by jumping from a carriage, and reaching, simply to adjust the window curtains, and in quilting over a frame, than from any other cause. XIII. SPOTS ON THE FACE DURING PREGNANCY. It is very common for yellow, or brownish spots (simi- lar to hepatic blotches) to appear on the face during pregnancy, and sometimes to remain during the full term of gestation. These are generally removed by Sulphur and Sepia, (the latter drug taking-precedence,) a dose every two or three days until they begin to disappear. 630 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. XIV. VARICOSE VEINS. The varicose veins of the inferior extremities during pregnancy are caused by the impregnated uterus press- ing upon the large veins, (the vena cava's,) and thereby obstructing the free return ofthe blood from the extremi- ties to the heart. As a general thing, no serious conse- quences result from them, and they soon disappear after confinement. But when the varices are large and pain- ful, the patient should avoid exercise as much as possible, bathe her limbs frequently with cold water, and apply bandages or wear laced stockings. Treatment.—The following remedies are frequently beneficial, taken as thev are here arranged : Nux-Vomica, Pulsatilla, Arsenicum, Lycopodium, Carb-veg., Lachesis. I have frequently seen much benefit result from the exter- nal application ofthe Tinct. Arnica. Administration.—Give the remedies as they are above arranged, continuing each one a dose for five or eight days until better. Diet and Regimen.—The diet need be restricted, only so far as not to interfere with the remedies. Very moderate exercise, and the recumbent posture as far as practicable, will aid materially in their disappearance. XV. PRURITUS. (Prurigo.) Prurigo, (from prurio, to itch.) Pruritus is generally a symptomatic complaint, even when it does not occur dur- ing pregnancy. It frequently attacks young females at the age of puberty, and also arises in younger girls, in PRURITUS. 631 consequence of small worms in the rectum. When it occurs during pregnancy, it generally appears at or about the fourth month, and is generally productive of a great degree of suffering. Treatment.—The remedies which have proved most successful in this harassing complaint are Calcarea-carb., Carbo-veg., Causticum, Graphites,Sepia, SUicea, and Sulphur. Calcarea-carb. — Itching and stitches in the parts; aching in the vagina, and stinging in the os tincae, (mouth of the womb.) Carbo-veg.—Itching of the pudendnm ; burning and soreness; excoriating sensation. Causticum.—Burning in the pudendum. Graphites.—Pimples on the labia; eruption and smart- ing, with soreness ofthe pudendum. Sepia.—Swelling and humid itching; itching on the inner labia ; soreness and redness of the labia, with sore- ness and itching ofthe vagina. SUicea.—Itching of the pudendum; eruption on the inner side of the thighs. Sulphur.—Troublesome itching of the labia and va- gina; pimply eruption on the labia; burning in the vagina, and inflammation of the labia. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated morning and evening until an improvement takes place ; then once a day until the trouble is entirely removed. External Applications.—I have frequentlysucceeded in removing this pimply eruption, and also the inordinate burning and itching, when the internal remedies have 632 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. failed, by washing the parts frequently with a weak solu- tion of Sulph-zinc, or Nitrate of Silver, in the proportions of three to six grains to an ounce of water. I have also, in two or three instances, removed it very soon by simply dipping cloths wet in hot water, and applying them as warm as the patient could conveniently bear. XVI. ABORTION. (Miscarriage.) Abortion. (Abortio, from aborior, to be sterile.) When the expulsion ofthe foetus takes place before the seventh month, it is termed miscarriage; but when it occurs later than the seventh, or even at that period, it is termed premature labor. It most commonly takes place be- tween the second and third month after conception, but sometimes at a much earlier period, and again at a later. It is presumed that every physician has attended cases which occurred at most every period, from conception to the full term of utero-gestation. The symptoms of miscarriage are indications of haem- orrhage (which is sometimes preceded by a degree of shivering chilliness ; pains in the back, loins, and inferior part of the abdomen; pains in the inside of the thighs; evacuation of the water; vertigo, anxiety, palpitation and fainting; but pain and the appearance of haemorrhage (a show, as the ladies term it) are the most frequent. Causes.—The principal causes are blows, falls, violent exertions in lifting or straining, reaching, riding on horse- back, or in a carriage over a rough road; a slip or an attempt to recover from a misstep; errors in diet; wear- ing tight dresses; debilitating losses; exercise; sexual indulgence ; violent emotions, of fright, fear, or anger; ABORTION 633 the operation of drastic medicines; nausea, retching and vomiting. Treatment.—The old proverb, "anounceof prevention is better than a pound of cure," applies here with ful 1 force; therefore, it is strictly necessary to avoid, as far as possi- ble, the causes which excite, or even predispose to mis- carriage, and in most instances the unhappy occurrence of abortion and premature births will be prevented. But should the symptoms appear, the patient must be placed in a recumbent posture, kept perfectly quiet, and the following remedies adm nistered according to their indication, viz.: Arnica, Rhus-tox., Secale-cornutum, Hyos- cyamus, Crocus Sativus, and Ruta. When caused by a blow or fall. Arnica. When caused by a strain. Rhus-tox., Ruta. When haemorrhage sets in, attended with labor-like pains. Sccale. When miscarriage is threatened, attended with hasm- orrhage of bright red blood, worse at night, and convul- sions. Hyoscyamus. When the haemorrhage is dark, and increased by the least motion; and a tremulous sensation in the abdomen. Crocus. When the flooding is attended with nausea, fainting, and cramp-like pains. Ipecac, in alternation with Secale. When the pains are very severe, and the last remedies .have failed to relieve; the pains are of a violent, bearing- down character, and the back is exceedingly lame; the blood is dark and thick, or discharged in clots. Platina and Belladonna. 634 homeopathic practice of medicine. The latter drug is more especially indicated when the discharge is bright red, and attended with the last-named pains. When the haemorrhage continues after miscarriage, give Secale, Belladonna, and Cinnamon. Administration.—If the symptoms are urgent, repeat the remedies every fifteen or twenty minutes until better. Diet and Regimen.—The diet must be light and un- irritating, the drinks cold, and the patient kept perfectly quiet. If the patient has miscarried, the after treatment, in respect to bandaging, diet and regimen, should be similar to that in regular confinement. XVII. PARTURITION. Parturition.—(Parturitio, from pario; the expulsion of the foetus from the uterus.) This takes place after nine months have elapsed from the time of conceiv- ing, and rarely sooner ; although sometimes it occurs as early as seven, at which time the foetus "has all the con- ditions for breathing and exercising digestion, and may be separated from the mother, and change its mode of existence." In the language of Hooper, "Nothing is more curious than the mechanism by which the foetus is expelled; every thing happens with wonderful precision; all seems to have been foreseen, and calculated to favor its passage through the pelvis and the genital parts." It is not merely curious, but wonderful in the extreme ; and the contraction of the uterus and abdominal muscles in ex- pelling the foetus, together with the perfect adaptation of PARTURITION. 635 the parts to its passage, constitutes one of the most re- markable and important provisions in Nature. Labor or childbirth is divided into five stages or periods: The first stage is observed two or three days before the birth is accomplished. The external parts swell, become softer, and more relaxed, and a flow of mucus takes place from the vagina. In the second stage, pains of a peculiar character set in about the lumbar region, extending to the abdomen, with a bearing-down sensation; the pains come on and pass off about every fifteen or twenty minutes; the mouth of the womb begins to open, and the membranes containing the water {liquoramni) can be felt. The pains become more severe, and the action of the uterus more powerful, the membranes are ruptured, and the water escapes. In the third stage, the pains increase, and in conse- quence ofthe escapement of the water, the uterus con- tracts downward, and by applying all its force upon the body or bulk of the foetus, the head engages in the pelvis, at which time the mother's pulse shows excitement, and the perspiration stands in large drops upon her forehead. In the fourth stage, the pains are quite steady, of longer duration, and have more expulsive power, producing the expulsion ofthe foetus, (with proper assistance if neces- sary,) when the securing and section of the funis are accomplished, and the fruit of the labor is placed in charge ofthe nurse. The fifth stage, is the expulsion of the secundines (afterbirth). The above is but a brief outline of a natural labor 636 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. during various stages; there are many conditions which demand the interference of a physician, independent of the manual manipulations, such as cramps, insufficient pains, sickness of the stomach, vomiting, appearance of haemorrhage, convulsions, etc. (Vide Treatment.) Treatment.—For the nervous trembling; anxiety and fear before and during labor. Aconite, Coffea, Ignatia. The pains are often exceedingly harassing, generally denominated cutting pains, ineffectual, and of a crampy character. Coffea, Nux-Vomica. When the pains do not come on at the proper time; there is a delay or an entire absence. Secale-cornulum. The pains are frequently very severe; their abatement is necessary not only for the comfort and safety of the mother, but for the safety of the child also ; for this con- dition give Aconite, Coffea. For the sudden cessation of the pains; when the head becomes congested, and drowsiness or stupor sets in. Opium. If the pains are of an acute, cutting character, extend- ing from the loins to the iliac or hypogastric regions. Chamomilla. If the pains are of a most violent, bearing-down char- acter; the patient is agitated and tosses about with occa- sional convulsive twitches of the limbs; face red and bloated. Belladonna. Should convulsions set in, with loss of consciousness; cold, pale or red and bloated face; loss of speech and frothing at the mouth. Hyoscyamus. Should convulsions set in ; the inferior extremities be- RETENTION OF THE PLACENTA. 637 come rigid; trembling of the anus; face turgid and Bwollen. Stramonium. Great drowsiness, prostration and nervous weakness; disposition to fainting; or convulsions with staring eyes; foaming at the mouth and spasms of a tetanic character. Laurocerasus. For a degree of confusion and sensation of suffocation, with occasional retching. Ipecac. For cramp-like pains in the abdomen ; pressing pains in the groin; heat and redness of the face, without thirst; pain in the head, especially in the forehead; vertigo and nausea. Cocculus, Belladonna. The latter drug for a person of full, plethoric habit, and the former more especially if the head symptoms are aggravated by cold air. Administration.—Repeat the remedy selected every half hour or hour until it has the desired effect. Diet and Regimen.—Little or nothing in the way of nourishment is required or even relished during labor; but should the patient feel weak and exhausted and de- sire a little nourishment, there is no objection to it. Cold water is decidedly the best beverage; tansy, balm, mint, motherwort, southernwood and similar teas must be strictly avoided; notwithstanding they are stereotyped formulaes of many of the old women, and even physi- cians : they are pernicious in the extreme. XVIII. RETENTION OF THE PLACENTA. (After-birth.) The after-birth should be thrown off from five to fifteen or twenty minutes after the expulsion ofthe child; should 638 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. it remain longer moderate taxes (pressure) should be made overthe region where the placenta appears to be attached; should haemorrhage set in, attended with pain, give Secale. Should the haemorrhage continue, with violent bearing down pains, the blood discharged of a bright florid color. Belladonna. But when the haemorrhage continues after the removal of the after-birth and is attended with no material pain. Cinnamon. For soreness of the back, abdomen, or sexual organs, after delivery. Arnica. Administration.—TJhe same as in delivery excepting that of Arnica, for which every two or three hours is suf- ficient to remove the soreness. XIX. AFTER DELIVERY. Immediately after delivery, and the expulsion of the secundines, apply a broad bandage around the abdomen and hips. Many have them made to hand with tapes at- tached for tying, but a firm towel will answer very well. Let it be eight or ten inches broad, and pin it snugly from the hips up; the greatest care should be observed to keep this bandage properly adjusted, because it not only mate- rially aids in the contraction of the womb, by giving tone and contractility to the broad ligaments and abdominal muscles, and thereby prevents an endless class of after- symptoms, suchas pressing,bearing-down pains, difficulty in urinating, dragging pain in the small ofthe back, and pains extending down the thighs, all of which depend upon a misplacement ofthe womb and are very prone to AFTER-PArNS. 639 arise from any neglect; but it also preserves the original form and shape of the patient, which of itself, and apart from the prevention ofthe above more important symp- toms, is a very desirable consideration. I have frequently found females suffering severely with headache, and in a state of great excitement or complete derangement, sim- ply from downright negligence of this important duty in after treatment, and upon properly adjusting the bandage they become perfectly calm and composed, without the assistance of other remedies. XX. AFTER-PAINS. After-pains appear necessary in the contraction of the womb, and are sometimes quite severe when coagulums are formed, but generally they are not so severe during the first confinement as in the third and fourth ; in fact they seem to increase at every subsequent accouchment, and depend upon a tardiness ofthe womb in contracting. When they are severe and harassing, the following re- medies will be found of great service in diminishing their severity. Arnica, Puis., Cham., Nux-Vom., Secale, Coff. Arnica—As previously stated, is the first remedy to soothe and remove the soreness, and also a disposition or urging to urinate. Pulsatilla.—For drawing,tensive pains; pains as severe as labor pains; pale face, and a degree of coldness and sb uddering, or when the blood discharged is thick and dark. Chamomilla.—When the pains are severe, of a pinching, spasmodic character in the abdomen ; tearing pains ex- tending down the legs; frequent discharges of coagulated blood. 640 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Nux- Vomica.—For contractive pains, or spasmodic pains in the small of the back and between the hips, with a dis- charge of blood in clots. Secale.—For after-pains in those who have had several children; when the patient is rather weak, and has a dis- position to flooding. Coffea.—When there is great sensitiveness; weari-. ness of the limbs, and extreme nervousness. Administration.—Repeat the remedy indicated every half hour or hour until relief is obtained. Diet and Regimen.—The diet, of course, must be ofthe mildest and most unexciting character, not only during the existence of the after-pains, but as long as it may be necessary for the patient to keep her bed. She must also be kept perfectly quiet, in an easy position, and all excite- ment strictly avoided. If she complains of feeling cold cover her with warm clothing. If there is no haemorrhage, a draught of warm black tea, or a few spoonfuls of warm ponade will prove grateful, but if there is haemorrhage, the drinks should be cold, and the temperature of the room rather low. XXI. GETTING UP AFTER CONFINEMENT. This ought not to be allowed, under any consideration, before the ninth day, and a fortnight is still better. The question is often asked, " Can't I sit up this afternoon, I feel so very smart?" The answer should always be a most emphatic negative, for there is no danger resulting from the strictest care in not getting up too soon, but the most evil consequences have frequently occurred from the LOCHIA. 641 reverse. The condition ofthe womb, the broad ligaments by which it is suspended or attached, and the relaxed con- dition of the abdominal muscles, all require time and perfect rest to resume their former position and tonicity. I have never lost a case out of several hundred, and have every reason to attribute my success more to the care practiced in this respect than to superior knowledge in the practice of midwifery; although my patients have sometimes considered me unnecessarily particular, and probably more nice than wise, which it is much better to bear than the odium of carelessness and the mortifi- cation of losing a patient. She should not be allowed to sit up at all before the fifth day, and then, until the ninth day, no longer than is actually necessary to make and change the bed ; and in removing her, great care should be taken to adjust the bandage properly, and to assist her in the gentlest manner, not permitting the slightest effort on her part. XXII. LOCHIA. (The Lochia! Discharge.) Lochia, (from the Greek, to bring forth,) is the discharge which continues after delivery, lasting from four days to a week, and sometimes longer, or until the uterus is con- tracted nearly to its natural dimensions. At first it is sanious, (bloody,) and continues to grow lighter until it appears more like a greenish leuchorrhcea, and is some- times attended with a disagreeable odor. When the discharge becomes suppressed from cold or other causes, headache, fever, and tenderness ofthe abdo- men set in, and require immediate attention, in order to prevent worse consequences. 642 homeopathic practice of medicine. For a suppression of the lochia, attended with head- ache, and inflammatory or febrile symptoms, give Aconite, Bryonia, Pulsatilla, and Belladonna. And apply warm fomentations to the hips and abdomen. If it is too profuse, or continues too long, Calc-carb., China, Phosphorus, Kreosot.; and if it becomes sanious (bloody) again. Rhus-tox. Diet and Regimen.—During a suppression, the diet should be cautiously allowed, especially if constitutional symptoms appear. But when the discharge continues too profuse or too long, and the patient is debilitated, it ought to be more generous. Occasionally cleanse the parts with tepid water. XXIII. SECRETION OF MILK. (Milk Fever.) Sometimes the milk is secreted in the breasts before parturition takes place, but generally on or about the second day after, and frequently the secretion is attended with febrile excitement, headache, tenderness of the breasts, and inclination to a slight nervousness. The treatment simply consists in keeping the patient quiet, and administering one or two doses of Aconite, if there is much fever and headache. Belladonna.—If the headache is severe; face flushed; eyes injected ; beating and throbbing in the temples; and if the breasts are red and tender. Pulsatilla.—If the secretion is attended with headache and creeping chills. Coffea.—If the patient is exceedingly nervous and rest- less. SORE nipples. 643 Administration.—Give the remedy selected every hour or two till the symptoms abate. Diet and Regimen.—In conformity with thetreatment XXIV. SORE NIPPLES. It is quite common for young mothers to suffer severely from sore nipples, and I must confess that I have fre- quently failed to relieve them as soon as I have desired. They sometimes crack and bleed, swell, become inflamed, and even threaten ulceration. Before they can have time to heal by whatever application we may use, by nursing the infant or drawing the breasts in the easiest possible way, the delicate attachments, or unisons formed, are again broken up, and there is a continuation of the suffering. Treatment.—I have always succeeded better by wash- ing the nipples immediately after nursing, with diluted Tinct. Arnica, (carefully washing it off with tepid water, or milk and water, before allowing the child to nurse again, in order to prevent the remedy from affecting it,) than by any other means; and have also found a solution of Borax, beneficial in producing hardness, and removing the extreme tenderness. When the nipple is inclined to be dry, and to crack, it is well to apply some sweet cream, or a little spermaceti ointment. « If there should be a disposition to scrofula, the follow- ing remedies ought to be used: Calc-carb., SUicea, Sepia, and Sulphur. And Hepar-sulph. if the patient has been previously ill, and treated with Mercury. 644 homeopathic practice of medicine. Administration.—Repeat the remedy two or three times a day, continuing each remedy three or four days until better. Diet and Regimen.—As may be necessary, judging from the condition of the patient. XXV. AGUE IN THE BREAST. This painful condition ofthe Breasts is generally caused by cold or some obstruction, and requires Aconite, Bryo- nia, Pulsatilla, Chamomilla, Calcarea-carb., Phosphorus. Aconite.—When headache and fever are present. Bryonia.—When the breast is swollen and inflamed, and there is a suppression of the milk. Pulsatilla.—Swelling of the breasts with painful pres- sure and tension ; or with a sticking sensation, and a dis- charge of thin acrid milk. Chamomilla.—Hardness and induration of the breasts, with soreness of the nipples ; drawing, and lacerating pain; and when the nipples are painful to the touch,. Calcarea-carb.—Bruised, sore pain in the breast; sore- ness ofthe nipples, particularly when touched. Phosphorus.—Hardness, erysipelatous inflammation, and swelling, and stitches, accompanied with burning and stinging. Administration.—Repeat the remedy indicated every two hours, until an improvement is manifest. External Applications.—Everything irritating or stimulating, is more prone to cause an irritable condition GATHERED breast. 645 of the skin than to benefit it, and should therefore be avoided. But when the breast is hard and painful, and attended with a degree of chilliness, apply simple fomentations, or dry, hot, cotton wool. If there is much pain, with redness, envelope the breast in silk oiled-cloth, or very thin gutta percha which will tend to remove the soreness by local sweating. Diet and Regimen.—As previously directed. XXVL GATHERED BREAST. A gathered breast is the result of pre-established, local irritation and inflammation, which generally result from cold; and when the condition is denominated Ague in the Breast, passes to the suppurative stage, it receives the above term. Treatment.—When an inflammation of the breast is upon the point of suppuration, give Hepar-sulph. first, every hour or two.* After suppuration has taken place. SUicea, three times a day. When the discharge of pus has nearly subsided, omit the Silex, and give Sulphur once or twice a day, until the breast is entirely healed. External Applications.—The numerous poultices * Dr. MoVickar, of this city, suggested to me the use of Hepar-sulph., to favor resolution in cases of inflammatory sore throat, where suppuration appeared almost fully established. I prescribed it in a few cases, with such deoided success, that I recommended it in similar conditions of the breast with equally good results. 646 HOMtEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. and drawing applications, which are generally used to favor suppuration, are very prone to involve the adjacent tissue in the difficulty, and sometimes prove very de- structive. If any thing is necessary, it must be of the simplest character, and merely serve to protect the part from the clothing and external injury. XXVII. DEFICIENCY* OF MILK. When a deficiency of milk takes place, do not make use of wine, beer, ale, porter, milk punch, brandy, etc., according to the recommendation of many of our friends, and even of those from whom we have reason to expect better things. But make use of a liberal and generous diet, using plenty of milk, and give Calc-carb., Causticum, Nit-acid. Administration.—Give the remedies as they are here arranged, continuing each one a week, one dose a day until the difficulty is remedied. XXVIII. SUPPRESSION OF THE MILK. A suppressed secretion of milk may be caused suddenly by either mental or physical causes, and is sometimes attended with alarming consequences. Treatment.—The principal remedies in this affection are, Pulsatilla, Aconite, Belladonna, Coffea, Cham., Opium, Ignatia. Pulsatilla.—When attended with palpitation of the heart, chills, and headache. depraved quality of the milk. 647 Aconite.—When attended with vertigo, headache, and a degree of fullness. Belladonna.—If attended with difficult breathing, a con- gested state of the chest, and congestion of the brain. If caused by fright. Opium or Coffea. If caused by sudden joy. Coffea. If caused by cold. Cham., Bryonia. Should diarrhoea set in upon this condition, give Pulsatilla, Bryonia, and Rhus-tox. Administration.—Repeat the remedies at short inter- vals, if alarming or acute symptoms supervene, but if the symptoms are not urgent, every three or four hours will answer. The diet should be in accordance with the con- dition of the patient. XXIX. DEPRAVED QUALITY OF THE MILK. It does not unfrequently happen that the milk cither becomes bad, or is so when it is first secreted, and the infant either refuses it or sickens soon after nursing. This depends, unquestionably, upon a peculiar condition of the system; whether it is in consequence of marked disease or idiosyncracy, cannot be determined at all times, but we have every reason to believe that it is influenced to a great extent by improper food. Treatment.—When the milk is thin, of a bluish color, and is rejected by the infant. Lachesis. When the infant refuses the breast; or vomits immedi- ately after nursing. SUicea. 648 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. When there is a deficiency of milk, with violent itching about the mamma?, soreness of the nipples, which are cracked and surrounded with herpes. Causticum. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated, morn- ing and evening, until the condition demanding its use is removed. Diet and Regimen.—A proper diet is a most important consideration in the cure of this evil. Strictly avoid everything that tends to disagree, such as acids, indigesti- ble and innutritious articles of food, employing instead, a diet which is nutritious, easily digestible, and adapted to impart vigor to the system, and richness to the milk. XXX. EXCESS OF MILK. An excess of milk is sometimes considerably annoying, in consequence of a continual emission, which wets the clothes, and necessarily exposes the chest to cold. Treatment.—Give PulsatUla, Bryonia, Belladonna, and Calcarea, (as they are here arranged,) one dose a day, continuing each drug for three or four days, and apply a cloth saturated with Tinct-camphor to the breasts; keep the breast warm by wearing soft flannel or cotton batting next the skin. I have succeeded, in two instances, most admirably with the application of diluted Tincture oj Arnica. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should consist of solid food principally; milk, soups, tea, coffee, cocoa, etc., Bhould be used very sparingly. PUERPERAL FEVER. 649 XXXI. JVURSLYG SORE MOUTH. Sore Mouth seems to be constitutional with some females while nursing their infants, and appears to de- pend upon a peculiar condition of the digestive organs and the secretions of the mouth and throat. Causticum, Mercury, and Sulphur, are the only remedies which I have ever succeeded with. Administration.—Give the remedies (above named) in order, three times a day, continuing each one a week, until they have the desired effect. Diet and Regimen.—Diet nutritious and of easy di- gestion; moderate exercise in the open air. XXXII. PUERPERAL FEVER. (Child-bed Fever.) Puerperal, as the term implies appertains to child- birth, and is applied to that form of fever which depends upon an inflammation of the womb (metritis,) or of the peritoneum (puerperal peritonitis,) which takes place after delivery and before the patient leaves her bed. I am aware that authors, Drs. Conquest, Clarke, Denman, and others, disagree as usual, in regard to the true-character, pathologically considered, of what should be embraced under the above term. I certainly cannot see any objec- tion to the use of the term ; for if the inflammation is confined to the womb and its appendages, (the fallopian tubes and ovaries ;) or to the peritoneum, (the lining mem- brane ofthe abdomen,) and extends to the intestines, and if these conditions arise from child-birth, the attending fever is unquestionably " puerperal " and it is quite immaterial 650 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. which of the organs or tissue named is most conspicuously involved in the inflammation. Puerperal Fever is a rare disease at the present time, compared to its frequent occurrence a few years ago, when it was the practice, not only among old mid-wives, but physicians, to keep their patients immediately after delivery, in a constant " stew" by the free use of hot ginger and other stimulating teas, or to get them half drunk upon"gin sling"and hot toddy. It has, however, occured epidemically, and appears to depend upon some " distcm- perature of the air." In 1808 it prevailed epidemically through different parts of Great Britain ; during the fall and spring of 1817 and 1818, in parts of Pennsylvania, and to a considerable extent during the summer and fall of 1841 or 42, in New York and Jersey City. It is an inflammatory fever of high grade, and never becomes of the low grade that authors speak of, unless it is made such by the prostrating treatment, too fre- quently practiced, or until disorganization and change of •structure has taken place. Hence the impropriety of stimulating beverages, and a depleting course of treat- ment, the former as a cause of and the latter as an aid to a fatal termination. Diagnosis.—The usual symptoms attending this form of fever are those of a high grade of inflammatory action. It generally commences with a chill, quickly succeeded by heat, headache, thirst and a quick, tense pulse; the ab- domen becomes exceedingly painful and sensitive, and is frequently very much distended ; loss of appetite and nau- sea ; the secretion of milk becomes partially or entirely suppressed, and in some instances the lochia is suppressed. PUERPERAL fever. 651 in others it continues rather profuse and emits a disagree- able odor. Causes.—As previously stated when this disease pre- vails epidemically, it unquestionably depends upon, or is influenced to a great degree by some peculiarity of the atmosphere. In what this peculiarity consists we know not, but we do know that it also favors erysipelatous inflammation ; for erysipelas is always quite prevalent when we hear of many cases of Puerperal Fever. The more immediate causes are, injuries received during severe protracted labor, and instrumental deliveries, im- proper food, stimulating beverages, and cold. Treatment.—During the first stage, or at the very com mencement when the fever is high ; general heat of the surface, head-ache, pulse full and hard, or tense and quick. Aconite. After the administration of Aconite, if the fever con- tinues, characterized by irritation of the nervous and vascular system ; the abdomen is distended and painful especially upon moving; a disposition to perspiration which does not relieve the fever. Bryonia. And especially if there is not a suppressed secretion of milk, and also if there is a tendency to typhoid. When the fever is attended with external and internal heat, flushed face, headache, distended abdomen, burning sensation in the womb, and dryness of the vagina. Belladonna. And Belladonna, is especially indicated, if the secretion of milk is suppressed. When the patient complains of a painful sensation, as if the parts were ulcerated: abdomen exceedingly sensitive 652 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. to contact; pains of a severe darting character, restless- ness, and " repeated attacks of anguish." Chamomilla. When the abdomen is distended, tender and sore to the touch ; constipation of the bowels, and a suppression of the lochia; the patient is sad and apprehensive. Jfux-Vom. When there is a suppression of the milk and lochia; painful sensitiveness of the abdominal walls ; or rumbling of the intestines, with purging. Pulsatilla. If the fever passes to a low grade (typhoid.) Bryonia, Arsenicum, and Rhus-tox. Bryonia.—If petechia?, or rash appears on the skin, the patient is confused in mind, delirious, disposed to start and escape from bed. Arsenicum.—Circumscribed flush of the cheek ; skin hot and dry ; lips dark and parched ; sordes on the teeth ; or coldness, with perspiration ; cadaverous coun- tenance, and delirium. And especially if a dark-looking petechias appears on the surface. Rhus-tox.—Face pale ; or flushed, and of a dark ma- hogany color ; lips dry, parched and dark ; tongue dry and stiff, with great difficulty in protruding it; scarlet redness of the abdomen ; patient wandering in mind, or apprehensive and sad. Rhus-tox. is especially indicated if the lochia becomes bloody again, or if a dark, offensive watery, discharge takes place. Administration.—This disease is generally acute and demands the most prompt and vigorous action to arrest its progress ; the remedies should therefore be repeated PHLEGMASIA D0LENS. 653 at short intervals, until a decided impression is manifest, when they may be extended. External Applications.—When the abdomen is dis- tended, sensitive, and exceedingly painful, I have always found not only a mitigation of that symptom, but a very general relief from the application to the parts of tolerably hot fomentations, by means of cloths dipped in hot water, wrung as dry as possible, and applied as warm as the patient can conveniently bear. After a perspiration is produced, keep it up by warm applications, and cover the part with silk oiled-cloth. It certainly benefits very much by producing exhalations from the part, and proves a powerful auxiliary to the internal remedies. Diet and Regimen.—The food must be of the simplest character, with bland, mucilaginous and cooling beverages. Pure air and cleanliness are necessary; the temperature of the room should be moderate, and the patient kept per- fectly quiet, and not disturbed by too much company. XXXIH. PHLEGMASIA DOLEJYS. (Milk-leg.) This is a peculiar form of inflammation and swelling, (if inflammation it can be called,) which principally affects females in the puerperal state. The term Phlegmasia appears rather a misnomer, and is certainly not as com- prehensive as the French depot du lait (from its supposed cause) or as the (Edema lacteum of the Germans, or the White-leg of the English. It generally makes its appearance in from twenty-five to forty-eight hours after delivery, but sometimes as late as the eighth or tenth day, and some say that it has been known to occur as late as six weeks after. The few cases 654 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. that I have seen occurred within three days after par turition. It sometimes commences with coldness and rigors, suc- ceeded with thirst; at other times the limb begins to swell, more or less fever of an intermittent or remittent type sets in, and pain commences in the hypogastric or inguinal region, or in the hip and top of the thigh, which is very much increased upon the slightest effort to move the part. Upon examination, increased heat and swelling of the part are observable, but no discoloration, the part, if there is any change, appearing whiter than is natural. The pain continues to increase until it becomes almost insufferable, extending down the thigh and legs in the direction of the crural and posterior tibial nerve ; at this stage the upper part of the thigh and labium predendi bScome greatly swollen, and the swelling gradually extends until the entire limb is nearly of a uniform size; after this, it generally continues from two to six or eight days before the swelling and pain begin to subside, when it gradually passes off, diminishing where it first began. Causes.—A great many predisposing and exciting causes are enumerated by many of our best authors. Among the former are increased irritability and a disposition to inflammation during pregnancy, and still more so after parturition; an over-distended or a relaxed condition of the blood-vessels, etc.; of the latter are contusions, over- exertion, the application of cold and moisture, suppression of the lochia or diminished secretion of the milk, and food of too stimulating a character, taken in too large quan- tities. All of this may be so, but to me it appears exceed- ingly questionable ; I have no doubt that the majority of cases are caused by an injury of the crural nerves, espe- PHLEGMASIA dolens. 655 cially in tedious labors, from pressure of the head of the foetus, or from the use of instruments, and these may be aided by any of the predisposing causes enumerated, especially increased irritability. Treatment.—The remedies which have been most suc- cessfully employed in this affection are Arnica, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Digitalis, Pulsatilla, Rhus-tox., and Ruta. Arnica—Stands first, not only by the character of the pain, and by the swelling and degree of heaviness in the limb, but also in consideration of the cause; use it in- ternally and externally. Arsenicum.—Great thirst; swelling ; burning heat; and rapid failing of strength. Belladonna.—When attended with a deficiency of milk and suppressed lochia. Digitalis.—Pain in the thighs and legs, of a severe Druised character; weakness and lassitude; desire to urinate, or an irregular action of the urinary organs, from an increased to a diminished flow. Pulsatilla.—If attended with swelling ofthe pudendum; suppression of the lochia, with a burning fullness of the parts. Rhus-tox.—Diminished lochia and disappearance of the milk ; swelling of the leg, with severe bruised or sprain- feeling pain. Ruta.—For indications similar to those of Rhus-tox., or in alternation with Arnica. Administration.—Repeat the remedy during the severity of the pain and increase of the swelling, every hour or 656 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. two ; then every two, three, or four hours, according to the effect. Generally the Arnica, Rhus-tox., and Ruta are the only drugs necessary, to be given in order as they are arranged, continuing each drug twelve or twenty-four hours. External Applications.—Liniments, fomentations, and stimulating embrocations are not only useless, but inad- missible. Bathe the li-mb and parts involved with diluted Tinct. Arnica frequently during the day, or keep cloths applied, wet with the tincture, say one part of Arnica to three or four parts of water. Diet and Regimen.—Diet unirritating and of easy diges- tion ; proper temperature and perfect rest. XXXIV. DISPLACEMENTS OF THE UTERUS. Under this head is embraced every deviation of the uterus (womb) from its natural position ; a full de- scription of each form of deviation, would require a volume of itself. I shall therefore merely refer to pro- lapsus, and procidentia uteri, as the most frequent and troublesome forms. XXXV. PROLAPSUS UTERI. Prolapsus, (From prolabor, to slip down.) A protusion or falling down of the womb may take place with the aged matron or the young virgin, and will vary in extent according to the age, constitution, condition of the parts, and the extent of the exciting cause. It may be slight, and productive of but very little or no incon- venience; or the displacement may be so entire, that the PROLAPSUS uteri. 657 womb actually protrudes beyond the os externum, giving rise to symptoms proportionate to the extent of the dis- placement. Symptoms indicating a displacement of the womb (pro- lapsus uteri) are, a dragging sensation about the hips and loins, pain in the back, and extending down the inferior extremities, bearing-down pain in the inferior portion of the abdomen, constant desire to urinate, attended with difficulty and pressure on the rectum, as from piles. These symptoms are generally very much mitigated, if not en- tirely relieved by assuming the recumbent posture, which is a very sure diagnostic characteristic of the nature of the difficulty. Leucorrhoea is very prone to set in during prolapsus, with general debility, excessive nervous irrita- bility, nausea, fainting, etc. Causes.—I regret to say that seven-tenths of all the cases that occur, can be traced to tight lacing, which contracts the inferior portion of the chest and superior part of the abdomen and necessarily presses the viscera of the abdomen down. And in addition to the lacing, the number of skirts (fashionable now-a-days) which are simply banded around the body, and rest upon the hips and abdomen, aid the action from above, by pulling or drag- ging what the pressure from above fails to accomplish. It is true there are other causes, such as violent exertions in lifting, jumping, straining, or standing much, particu- larly in those of a weak and lax fibre. Treatment.—When the pains are of a severe, bearing- down character, worse when sitting bent over, walking, or by ordinary exercise on foot. Belladonna. Distension of the bowels ; or soreness of the muscles; 42 658 homeopathic practice of medicine. pain in the small of the back, dragging to the sexual parts, and bowels constipated. JYux-Vomica. And also when pressing while at stool, acts more upon the womb than rectum. For painful, downward pressure into the genitals; draw ing, aching pain through the hips and loins. Platina. When caused by a strain or violent exertion. Rhus-tox., Ruta. Mechanical Appliances.—I doubt very much the effi- ciency of internal remedies in this disease, beyond the simple reduction of irritation, etc. But rest, moderate exercise, a suitably adjusted bandage or supporter, to give tone and contractility to the abdominal muscles and the broad ligaments of the womb, and cold spongings of the back, hips and abdomen, together with whatever means will tend to invigorate the system, are better adapted to remedy the difficulty, than all the medicines ever dreamed of. Diet and Regimen.—If the patient is of a weak, deli- cate constitution, the diet must be generous. Rest in a recumbent posture as much as possible, avoid running up and down stairs, and every exertion like jumping, or lift- ing any considerable weight. XXXVI. PROCIDENTIA UTERI. Procidentia, (from procido, to fall down,) is a term al- most synonymous with prolapsus, and applies to the same, viz.: a falling down of any part; thus Procidentia Ani, Procidentia Uteri, Procidentia Vagina, etc. Procidentia Uteri is distinguishable by the character of procidentia uteri. 65V the pain and uneasiness ; thus when the womb is dis- placed by falling forward, the principal symptoms are a pressing and bearing pain in the region of the bladder, and difficulty in urinating; when the displacements are posterior, pain in the back, and pressure upon the rec- tum, and inclination to go to stool, with tenesmus ; when lateral, pain inclined to the hip and to the iliac and ingui- nal regions, with lameness and soreness passing down the thigh. Diet and Regimen—As in the preceding disease. Note.—I see by Dr. Hale, the author of "New Remedies," that Lilium Tigrinum is indicated as a remedy in almost every form of Procidentia Uteri. CHAPTER XXII. TREATMENT OF CHILDREN. 1. ASPHYXIA. Asphyxia, (from the Greek,) is that condition in which not only the breathing is suspended, but the pulsations of the heart and arteries cannot be perceived. New- born infants are frequently in this condition from exhaus- tion, or injuries received during protracted and tedious labors, or from strangulation arising from position, or from the umbilical cords being firmly drawn around the neck. Treatment.—As soon as the funis (the umbilical cord) is secured, and the infant is separated from the mother, clear its mouth and throat of mucus, (if any be there,) by gently wiping the mouth with a fine linen handkerchief or nap- kin, wound round the little finger ; then gently blow into the mouth and nostrils, and with moderate pressure of the hands upon the chest expel the air; continue this artificial breathing, wrap the infant in a warm blanket, and apply gentle stimulants to the tongue and nose; if the latter ex- cite sneezing, a cry will follow and no farther means are necessary to resuscitate the child. But it is very impor- tant to keep it warm by the application of flannels, well warmed, and changed as may be necessary. WASHING and dressing. 661 II. WASHING AND DRESSING, The infant should be carefully and thoroughly washed in blood-warm water, with castile or some other soap of fine quality, and be very particular in removing the lar- dacious substance from the head, corners of the eyes, arm- pits and groin, for which purpose it may be necessary to use a little sweet oil; by observing care in this respect, scaly eruptions and soreness and abrasions of the skin are in many instances avoided. Then examine the funis and see that it is properly se- cured, for not unfrequently it shrinks so as to loosen the ligature, and sometimes the little creature after being dressed, is found in bed completely deluged with blood, and almost exhausted or even dead. Bandage.—After the above precaution has been observed and the navel properly dressed with a compress, apply the bandage sufficiently tight to protect and strengthen the navel and abdomen, but not so tight as to cause (as frequently is the case) inguinal, femoral and scrotal hernia. Diet.—Immediately, or soon after the dressing, (if-the child is not too weak or exhausted,) give a small quantity of molasses and water, about one or two tea-spoonfuls, simply to act upon the stomach and bowels in removing the meconium. (I am aware that many object to this, think- ing it unnecessary, and that some even go so far as to'pro- nounce it injurious ; this I know to be incorrect, having used, or directed its use, in about twelve hundred cases, and having never yet seen a single objectionable symp- 662 homeopathic practice of medicine. torn arising from it.) After this, place the infant warmly in bed beside its mother, and let it rest for six or seven hours. When taken up, apply it to the mother's breast and let it suck even though there is no secretion of milk; it is far better for both mother and child ; though there should be no secretion under twelve or twenty-four hours, do not feed it with anything, as it is unnecessary, and exceedingly prejudicial ; many a fine child has been thrown into spasms and lost, by this everlasting stuffing with crackers and tea, sweetened ponades, etc. III. DRY NURSING. When from suppressed secretion, sickness, or viciated secretion, the infant cannot receive the natural nourish- ment from its mother, it becomes necessary to employ a substitute as similar to the natural as possible; this should consist of equal parts of pure milk (if rich) and water, made blood-warm and sweetened with white susrar suffi- cient to make it insipid. If the milk is not rich, use two parts to one of water ; and wash the child's mouth with cold water after feeding, which will tend to prevent the thrush. TV. CRYING. Mothers and nurses seem to like pins so much better than tapes in securing the infant's clothes, that it is always best,'when the infant cries, to observe whether or not it is caused by a wandering pin. If not, then resort may be had to the following : Coffea, Cham., Belladonna, Rheum, Ipecac, and Jalap. ELONGATION OF THE HEAD. 663 Coffea.—For feverish heat; restlessness and continual crying. Chamomilla.—When the infant cries ; draws and bends its body; retracts its limbs and suffers from colic. And also for colic, attended with griping and greenish stools. Belladonna.—For crying, when the abdomen is dis- tended, but soft, and the face pale. Rheum.—If attended with loose stools, rather yellow, or of a sour smell. Ipecacuanha.—Crying ; colic, with uneasiness ; flatulent colic, with diarrhoeic stools of a fermented appearance; and especially if attended with sickness of the stomach. Jalap.—Severe colicky pains ; large watery evacuations from the bowels. Administration.—Give the remedy every half hour until relief is obtained. Diet and Regimen.—The diet the same as usual; do not commence stuffing the child to stop its crying, as it will only increase the difficulty. Apply warmth to the bowels, and keep it quiet, in a rather flexed position, or " curled up," as the old ladies say. V ELONGATION OF THE HEAD. This is quite a common deformity, and as temporary as common. It is caused by the passage of the head (if large) in ordinary labors, or by its remaining some time in the bones during protracted labor. 664 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. The only treatment necessary, is the occasional applica- tion of diluted Tinct-arnica, and nature will do the rest. VI. CORYZA. {Snuffles.) Snuffles, or stoppage of the nose, is quite frequent, and exceedingly annoying to infants, not only making them very fretful, but interfering with their breathing. when their lips are closed while nursing. Treatment.—Calcarea.—For dryness of the nose at night, moistness during the day; rubbing the nose, and stoppage, dry, or attended with yellow matter. Sulphur.—Stoppage of the nose, with catarrhal symp- toms. Mux- Vomica.—Stoppage; dry coryza. Sambucus.—Stoppage of the nose, with thick, tenacious mucus. Chamomilla.—Fluent coryza, with a discharge of mucus. Dulcamara.—Dry coryza, worse in the open air, or when exposed to cold. Carbo-veg.—Fluent coryza, particularly in the evening; or stoppage of the left nostril. Tart-emetic.—When there is also a rattling in the chest, worse at night. Administration.—Repeat the remedy morning and evening, until the child is better; and if the difficulty depends upon a stoppage of the nose, (dry coryza,) apply warmth to the root of the nose, by means of a napkin wet with warm water. SLEEPING TOO MUCH. 665 VII. RESTLESSNESS.—WANT OF SLEEP Not unfrequently an infant appears perfectly well, but moves and tosses about all night, in consequence of in- ability to sleep; for which, give Coffea, and Belladonna, in alternation; or Cham,., if the restlessness is attended with flatulency, and the stools are green. Ipecac, and Pulsatilla.—If it is caused by overloading the stomach. VHI. SLEEPING TOO MUCH. _ This does not frequently occur, but I have seen some three or four cases, in which it was impossible to keep tho child awake, and one case that proved fatal in conse- quence of the over fastidiousness of the physician. Treatment.—When this condition is attended with anything like febrile heat, pulse quicker than usual. Aconite. When there are symptoms of congestion of the brain, or occasional twitches of the muscles. Belladonna. When the pulse is nearly natural; no increased heat; the little patient lies as if in a tranquil sleep; when roused up falls immediately asleep again, appearing as if drugged with paregoric or laudanum, (which was the very appear ance in the cases referred to above.) Opium. Administration.—Give the drug indicated, every hour or two, for three or four administrations. If it does not relieve, administer a stimulating enema, which invariably will. 666 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. IX. INFLAMMATION OF THE EYES. When the eyes are red and inflamed, give Aconite and Belladonna in alternation. When they appear swollen and the lids are agglutinated together in the morning. Cham. When they are inflamed, with some swelling and red- ness, and a dry scurf around them. Mercurius. When the inflammation is attended with profuse lachry- mation. Euphrasia, Pulsatilla. When they-appear watery during the day, and become agglutinated at night; the cornea appears blurred, or rather opaque. Calc, Silex. Administration.—Repeat the remedies morning and evening, unless the affection is of an acute character, when three times a day is necessary. External Application.—The very convenient and ex- ceedingly mischievous application of red rose-leaf tea, or cold green tea, together with the host of collyirums gene- rally recommended, must be avoided, and the eyes washed only with warm milk and water, which is more sooth- ing, and far less objectionable. X. RED GUM. The above term is given to a red, pimply eruption appearing on the face, neck, and arms of infants, and sometimes spreading over the entire body. The origin of the term, or the propriety of its application to this eruption, is quite unknown to me. APTH^E. 667 The eruption is generally produced by keeping the infant too warm, and appears rather innocent in its character, requiring no other treatment than cleanliness. proper temperature, and if the infant becomes rather restless. Chamomilla. If it is exceedingly so, very sensitive, and disposed to cry. Coffea. Administration.—Give cither of the remedies, if indi- cated, once or twice a day. XI. APTHJE. (Thrush. Sprue.) APTHiE, (from the Greek, to inflame,) the Apthce lactuci- men of Sauvages. This is a disease very common among infants, and con- sists in white flakes, of the appearance of magnesia or curdled milk, upon the tongue, inside of the mouth, on the gums and fauces, and not unfrequently extending to the stomach and through the alimentary canal; when thus extensive it is attended with considerable danger. Causes.—To speak positively with regard to the cause of Thrush, is more than what I feel at liberty to say at present; because it is very doubtful that the true cause is known. That it depends upon a want of cleanliness, (as some assert,) is worse than nonsense, unless that want of cleanliness continues from infancy to youth, for it is quite common to occur in those ten or fifteen years of age, who never had it during infancy. Dr. Pulte says, that " the principal cause of this disease is a constitutional taint," which certainly appears more reasonable; or in other words, it appears to depend upon a peculiar predispo- 668 homeopathic practice of medicine. sition which admits of a cause in viciating the mucous secretions. Treatment.—Sulphur appears to be very successful in this affection, and the only remedy necessary while the thrush appears white. Mercury.—When it appears inclining to an ash color, (bluish or greyish.) Ferrum.—When it changes to a yellowish brown, which it frequently does when severe. Administration.—Give the medicine, dissolved in water, , in small tea-spoonful doses, every three or four hours until an improvement is manifest. And if the thrush affects the nipples of the mother or nurse, wash them with a solution of Borax in water. XII. EXCORIATIONS. (Rawness or Chafing of the Skin.) Excoriations, or rawness about the neck, under the arms and in the groin, is quite common, particularly in fleshy infants, and especially if there is neglect of clean- liness. If attended with redness and inflammation in fleshy children, give Belladonna. If there is a disposition to scrofula; if the glands about the neck are enlarged and indurated; or a dry, scaly eruption appears about the head, over the brows, or back of the ears. Calc-carb. and Sulphur. If there is a disposition to ulcerate or bleed. Merc. For suppuration, discharging a mattery-like pus. Silex. CRUSTA LACTEA. 669 Administration.—Give the remedy once a day, until an improvement is manifest; then every second day until cured. Pay attention to cleanliness, wash often with warm water and castile soap, dry the parts well and powder them with finely pulverized starch. XIII. ICTERITIA. (Jaundice.) Infantile Jaundice generally appears about three days after birth, and seems to differ in some respects from the jaundice of adults, in one characteristic at least; the nails are not tinged with yellow as in adults, and this has been made a pathological speculation by some. Whether it differs essentially, pathologically considered, or not, is quite immaterial, when we consider that Mercury, Nux- Vomica, Hepar-sulph., and Saffron, are the only remedies required in its treatment, and generally Saffron alone is quite sufficient. Administration.—Give the remedy morning and even- ing; Mercury first; Nux-Vomica if the bowels are consti- pated; Saffron if the infant is very sleepy during the day; Hepar-sulph., if there is fullness in the right hypochondria. XIV. CRUSTA LACTEA. This is a disease which mostly attacks some part of the face of infants at the breast. It is characterized by an eruption of rather broad pustules, filled with a glutinous liquor, which forms yellowish-white scabs when the pus- tules are ruptured. It sometimes commences on the fore- head or scalp and then spreads to the face; it is seldom 670 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. attended with any other consequences than the itching, which makes the infant rather restless. But it generally appears among the finest and most healthy children, and thereby removes the supposition of hereditary disease. Treatment.—Calc-carb., Sulphur, Kali, and Silex, are the remedies usually indicated. Administration.—Give the remedy twice a day, com- mencing with Calcarea, and continuing each drug three or four days, until the eruption is cured. XV. ERYSIPELAS. Vide Erysipelas, under head of General Eruptive Dis- eases and Fevers. XVI. WORMS. Vide Worms. XVII. VACCINATION. Vide Vaccinia, in chapter of Eruptive Diseases. XVIII. CONVULSIONS. (Fits.) The remote cause of spasms in children, is sometimes veiled in obscurity, and the only course to be pursued is to place the child immediately in a warm bath, or its feet and legs in a sinapised bath; after using the bath a suffi- cient time, (say five minutes,) wrap the child in warm flannel, and administer Belladonna, in the form of two or three pillets, or a small quantity of the powder placed on the tongue ; place the child's head and shoulders in an elevated position, make use of friction to the extremities, DENTITION. 671 and apply cold applications to the head, (cloths wet in cold water, or iced water in a bladder.) Should the spasms still continue, with convulsive jerk- ings, eyes partly open, moaning, and redness of one cheek, give Chamomilla. If the child is violently convulsed, throwing its limbs about; twitching of the muscles of the face, foaming at the mouth. Hyoscyantus. And especially if there are involuntary evacuations. If caused by worms. 1st. Cina; 2nd. Belladonna. If caused by fright. Opium, Stramo., Hyoscyamus. Opium, if the face is congested, dark, flushed. If caused by repelled eruptions. Sulphur. If caused by eating crude fruit, or indigestable food. Ipecac. Administration.—Repeat the remedy every fifteen or twenty minutes, until relief is obtained. External and Local Applications.—Should the reme- dies indicated fail, after using them for a reasonable length of time, move the bowels by means of a stimulating enema (injection) of milk, water, and salt, or soapsuds ; and should this not relieve, apply mustard paste to the epigastric region, allowing it to remain until the skin becomes sensibly reddened. XIX. DENTITION. (Teething.) Dentition, (from the Latin, dentio, to breed teeth.) The breeding, or first cutting of teeth, begins about the sixth or seventh month, and the teeth which then appear, are 672 homeopathic practice of medicine. called the primary or milk teeth. They fall out about the sixth or seventh year of age, and are succeeded by the permanent teeth, which remain during life, unless they are destroyed by improper treatment, or neglect in cleans- ing them, thereby inducing premature decay. The last teething takes place from the twenty-first to the twenty-fifth year, and consists of the last four double teeth, two in the upper, and two in the lower jaw. These are termed dentes sapientice, or wisdom teeth, because they are not cut until we arrive to years of discretion. The teeth are thirty-two in number and divided into three classes, viz.: The Incisores, the four front teeth in each jaw, so named from their use in cutting the food. The Canina, or Cuspidati, one on each side of the Inci- sores, four in number; they are the longest, and derive their name from their resemblance to a dog's tusk. The Molares, or Grinders, ten in each jaw; the first two on each side are termed by some, Bicuspides, and the last, as previously stated, dentes sapientice. The Deciduous, or Milk Teeth of infants, are twenty in number, ten in each jaw, and five on each side, viz. : two Incisores, one Cuspidatus, and two Molares. They ap- pear in pairs, those of the lower jaw, first, (the front teeth, or Incisores,) and the corresponding ones in the upper jaw, next, the set being completed at about the thirteenth month. The process of teething not only excites a predisposi- tion to disease, but also directly causes many diseases which too often prove fatal. Among these are gastric and intestinal irritation, inflammation and dropsy of the brain, and convulsions. dentition. 673 Treatment.—If the child has much fever during denti- tion ; hot and dry skin and increased heat of the head, give a few doses of Aconite. If the child is exceedingly restless and cries, and its bowels incline to diarrhoea, follow the Aconite with Coffea. When the gums are red and swollen ; tongue red at the edges and white in the centre ; the papillae raised ; redness and heat of the cheeks ; sickness of the stomach ; bowels distended ; diarrhoea with tenesmus. Belladonna. When difficult dentition is attended with diarrhoea, fever, and nervous twitching or convulsions. Cham. If it is attended with fever and constipation. Bryonia and Nux- Vomica. The former in the morning and the latter at night. If the teeth are tardy in cutting through the gums, with no material constitutional symptoms, except scofulous. Calc-carb., Sulphur. If the child is troubled with worms during dentition, give Cina. If with convulsions, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Hyoscyamus, Cicutce. (Vide Convulsions.) Administration.—Give the drug indicated once or twice a day, unless convulsions, or high fever should ensue; then repeat as often as may be necessary to arrest the inordinate action. Diet and Regimen.—Great care should be practised in regard to diet; strictly avoid everything that can pos- sibly cause an irritation of the stomach and bowels, as 43 674 homeopathic practice of medicine. the infant is predisposed to fevers, convulsions, and inflam- mations, in consequence of the increased irritability caused by teething. Occasionally sponge the head with cold water, particu- larly when it is hot and dry, and keep the extremities warm. Let the nurse give it exercise in the open air, by carrying it out every fine clear morning. Should moderate diarrhoea set in, do not attempt to arrest it, for in most instances it is more beneficial than otherwise. XX. C ONS TIP A TION. Some children appear constitutionally predisposed to constipation, and many have been injured very much by the repeated doses of laxative medicines which are usually resorted to. Treatment.—To obviate costiveness in children, rub or chafe them well with the hand over the bowels and region of the liver, every night and morning; and give Nux- Vomica at night and Byronia in the morning. Should this not remove the difficulty in season, aid the remedies by an occasional simple enema, (injection,) and change the diet for one of a more relaxing nature. XXI. DIARRHOEA. Children are more subject to diarrhoea than to con- stipation, and when it occurs it is prone to run them down if not speedily arrested, particularly if it is severe. Treatment.—When the diarrhoea is attended with colic ; the child appears sick ; face pale. Belladonna. infantile fever. 675 If with griping pains and red face, especially one cheek Bushed. Chamomilla. If the discharge has a sour smell. . Rheum. If it appears green, like hashed spinage. Chamomilla. , If it is fermented, frothy, like suds, and attended with nausea. Ipecacuanha. For irregular action of the bowels, from obstinate con- stipation to diarrhoea. Sulphur in the morning, Nux- Vomica at night. If the diarrhoea is attended with emaciation and weak- ness. Arsenic, Carbo-veg. If caused by cold, or by getting wet. Dulcamara. Administration.—If the diarrhoea is not very severe, repeating or alternating the remedies night and morning will answer; but if severe and attended with weakness, give them after every evacuation. Diet—In accordance with the ends to be accomplished ; avoid every thing that can tend to relax the bowels. XXII. INFANTILE FEVER. The first remedy in case of fever should always be Aconite, unless we have reason to suspect worms as the cause, which is indicated by picking and rubbing the nose, foul breath, pale circle around the mouth, sudden start- ings when asleep, irregular bowels and tumid abdomen. In such cases, give Cina first; then, should the fever con- tinue Aconite alone or in alternation with Belladonna. 676 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Should it be of an irritative character, and the child is uneasy, restless, and irritable. Coffea. Administraton.—Repeat the remedy selected accord- ing to the urgency of the case, every two, three, or four hours. Diet and Regimen.—Restrict the diet, and satisfy thirst with cold water. The forehead and temples when hot and dry, should be sponged with cold water. XXIH. INFLAMMATION OF THE BRAIN. (Phrenitis.) Infants are subject to inflammation of the brain, which is caused by dental, gastric, and intestinal irritation, and sometimes by falls. It is characterized by a red face, injected eyes, throb- bing of the arteries of the neck and temples, knitting together of the brows, aversion to light, working the head, rolling it on the pillow, putting the hands up to the head, sudden shrieking and screaming, or moaning. Treatment.—The remedies are, Aconite, Belladonna, and Hyoscyamus. Aconite and Belladonna in alternation, every hour or two. Hyoscyamus.—If the face is flushed, dark red and swollen; the eyes red and staring or rolling; or a spas- modic closing of the lids. When caused by a fall or bruise. Arnica. Administration.—Give the remedy indicated every half hour or hour, until there is a mitigation of the symptoms. Use cold applications to the head, and stimulating ones HYDROCEPHALUS. 677 to the inferior extremities ; and let the head and shoulders be well elevated. XXIV. HYDROCEPHALUS. (Dropsy of the Brain.) Hydrocephalus, (from the Greek, water and the head, Dropsy of the Brain, Dropsy of the head,) is distinguished by authors into external and internal. Hydrocephalus externus, is a collection of water between the membranes of the brain, (the dura mater, pia mater and arachnoid membranes.) Hydrocephalus internus, is applied when the water is effused between the ventricles of the brain. Symptoms.—The usual symptoms denoting Dropsy of the Brain are, sickness of the stomach, a dull, stupid pain in the head, particularly across the brow, (which of course is only distinguishable in adult patients,) dilitation of the pupils, slow pulse, and sometimes convulsions. The child lies in a partial stupor, with the eyes half open, an occasional motion of its head on the pillow, and some- times with a continual motion of the arras, or the arm and leg of one side. Causes.—It is generally the result of inflammation, terminating in effusion; or it may be caused by a fall or blow, producing a violent concussive effect upon the brain. Children with large heads, and those of a scrofulous taint, are more predisposed to this disease than such as are differently constituted. Treatment.—The most successful remedies in this af- fection, are, Belladonna, Merc, Digitalis, Ignatia, Lachesis, Arsenicum, and Helleborus-niger. 678 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Belladonna.—When the head appears swollen; the child bends it backward ; the face is pale, pupils of the eyes are dilated, or the eyes are squinting. Mercurius.—Swelling of the head and gums; swollen face; lead-colored or cadaverous paleness; and inclina- tion to vomit. Digitalis.—Heat about the head; pulse irregular and small; dilation and insensibility ofthe pupils; eyelids and lips blue ; pale face, and nausea. Ignatia.—When there are convulsive movements of the eyes and lids; or staring, with dilated pupils ; and a ten- dency of the head to incline backward. Lachesis.—When the face is pale, or distorted ; the mouth is inclined to be drawn to the left side ; and the left side is apparently most affected. Arsenicum.—When the child is much emaciated; cold ness of the limbs ; pale, sunken face ; lips bluish, or dark and parched. Helleborus-niger.—After the administration of the Ar- senicum, particularly if any thing like a reaction or fever- ish heat sets in. Administration.—Repeat the remedy indicated every hour or two, until the symptoms appear more favorable; then extend the time to every three hours, or as the im- provement indicates. Diet—Must be light, if any can be taken. Keep the extremities warm, and the head and shoulders well ele- vated. If the bowels are constipated, there is no objec- tion to moving them with an injection. asthma. 679 XXV. ASTHMA. (Choking.) When this occurs suddenly, and threatens suffocation. Castanea vesca, Ipecac. When it is attended with distension of the stomach, shortness of breath, choking, anxiety, restlessness, and tossing about. Chamomilla. When cold, lips livid, and perspiration covering the face. Arsenicum. When there is a suffocative arrest of the breathing, or the breathing is quick, short, and attended with moaning. Cuprum. When the breathing is suffocative, coming on at night in spells, and especially if it is attended with a dry, spas- modic cough. Nux-Vomica. For more particular indications, vide " Asthma." Administration.—Repeat the remedy selected every five, ten, or fifteen minutes, until relief is obtained. XXVI. CHOLERA INFANTUM. A disease, as the term implies, " peculiar to children," and in many respects similar to the ordinary cholera morbus. This disease generally commences with sickness of the stomach, and vomiting at first of the food, and afterward of an acid-smelling fluid ; diarrhoea, with thin, watery discharges, sometimes white and frothy, resembling in appearance soap suds, and exceedingly offensive; an anxious expression of countenance; eyes heavy and 680 HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. eunken, with a dark streak beneath them ; the skin pale, and below the ordinary temperature, particularly that of the extremities, which are quite cold; the head sometimes hot. Great restlessness is manifest from the commencement of the attack; the little sufferer throws itself from one side of the couch to the other, with severe retching at almost every motion; there is an intense thirst for cold drinks, which are taken in a hurried manner, and almost immediately rejected ; the pulse becomes feeble, and is frequently imperceptible at the wrist. It is a disease peculiar to the summer months, and depends almost entirely upon errors in diet and other influences, which are more or less present in all large cities, such as impurity of air, want of proper exercise, etc. I have noticed that a large majority of cases occur about the time of weaning, which are unquestiona- bly caused by neglect in adapting the delicate stomach by degrees to a change of food, which always requires great care. And in many instances when a milk diet is continued, it is a wicked substitution for the natural nourishment of the mother or nurse; the milk furnished in the city, is too frequently obtained from the distillery establishments, which has proven a more prolific cause of cholera infantum and marasmus, than all other causes combined, and yet there appears to be a wonderful neglect in remedying the evil, which almost amounts to absolute indifference. Treatment.—I have found Ipecac, Arsenicum, and Vera- trum, to be the principal remedies in this disease. Ipecac.—At the commencement, when the vomiting and purging are of a bilious character. CHOLERA INFANTUM. 6S1 But when the discharges are thin and watery, light- appearing, or dark ; urgent thirst, pale skin, and great prostration. Arsenicum. When in addition to the last symptoms, the mouth is parched, the tongue is dark, and the lips are black or cracked. Veratrum alone, or in alternation with Arsenicum. Administration.—The remedies should be repeated at short intervals, because the disease is acute in its charac- ter, and requires the most prompt and energetic treat- ment. I frequently repeat them every fifteen minutes, until there is a mitigation, and then extend the time as the little patient improves. Diet and Regimen.—During the attack nothing can be taken but cold water, which should be allowed in small quantities, and at a time when it will not induce vomiting. As. the patient improves, and the irritation ofthe stomach and bowels subsides, a small quantity of arrowroot, farina, or corn starch, properly prepared, may be allowed. The child should be kept quiet, in a well ventilated apartment. If it is necessary, external warmth should be applied to the abdomen and extremities, by means of heated flannels. THE END. GLOSSARY OF MEDICAL TERMS. Abdomen. The belly. Abortion. Miscarriage. Abscess. A collection of matter. Acute. Severity of symptom, speed- ily forming a crisis. Acne. Pimples on the face. Adipose. Fat, or fatty. Adypsia. Absence of natural thirst. /Egophony. A particular resonance of-the voice in diseases ol the lungs. After-Pains. The pains after the ex- pulsion' of the child, in child-birth. Ague. A chill, depending upon con- gestion. Aloposcia. Falling off of the hair. Amaurosis. Loss of sight, depend- ing upon paralysis of the optic nerve. Amenorrhcea. Suppression or tem- porary cessation of the female periodical discharge, (the menses.) Amentia. Idiocy, absence of mind. Anasarca. Dropsy of the cellular tissue, dropsical swelling of the extremities. Angtsose Affections. Inflamma- tory affections of the throat. Angina Membranacea. Croup. Angina Parotidea. Mumps. Angina Pharyngia. Inflammation of the pharynx, the throat. Anomal or Abnormal. Irregular. unnatural. Anorexia. Want of appetite. Anthelmentics. Medicines having the power of expelling worms. Antiphlogistics. Medicines that re- duce fever and imflammation. Antispasmodics. Medicines that al- lay spasms or cramps. Anthrax. A hard inflammatory tubercle, like boil, extremely hot and burning. Anury. A total suppression of urine. Aperients. Medicines that gently open the bowels. Aphonia. Loss of voice. Aphthae. Superficial ulcers in the mouth. Apoplexy. A disease in which there is a sudden abolition of the powers of sense and motion. Apyrexia. The intermission in agues. Ardor Urin^e. A scalding of urine. Arthritis. Rheumatic pains of the joints. Arthrodynia. Pains in a joint. Ascarides. Intestinal worms. Ascaris Vermicularis. The thread worm, small and slender, inhabiting the rectum. Ascaris Lumbricoides. The long, round worm. Asphyxia. Apparent death, sus- pended animation. Ascites. Dropsy of the abdomen, (belly.) Asthenia. Diminished vital energy. Asthma. Phtbysic, difficult breathing. Atony. Weakness, or a defect of muscular power. Atkophy. Nervous consumption, a gradual wasting of the body. Auditis. Hearing. Auscultation. The detecting of symptoms of internal disease by hearing. 684 GLOSSARY OF MEDICAL TERMS. Axungia. Hog's lard. Bilious. Connected with bile, (gall.) Blennorrhcea. A morbid secretion of mucus. Blepharitis. Inflammation of the eyelids. Borborygmus. The rumbling in the bowels, caused by wind, (flatus.) Bronchia. The air tubes in the lungs. Bronchitis. An inflammation of the air passages of the lungs. Bronchocele. Enlargement of the thyroid gland, (Derbyshire neck.) Broncophony. Resonance from the interscapular spaces, larynx, and trachea. Bronchotomy. An incision in the windpipe. Bubo. Enlargement of the glands in the groin. Bulemia. Insatiable hunger. Cachexia. A general, weak, relaxed condition, without fever. Cadaverous. Death-like appearing. Cancer. Corroding, eating ulcer. Canine Madness. Produced by the bite of a rabid animal, (mad dog.) Canine Hunger. Voracious appetite, insatiable craving for food. Canthus. Angle of the eye. Capillary Vessels. The minute vessels between the arteries and veins. Carcinoma. Cancer. Cardia. The upper orifice of the stomach. Cardiac Region. The pit of the Btomach. Cardia lgia. Pain in the stomach. Carditis. Inflammation of the heart. Carbuncle. A large, foul, tubercu- lous bon with intense heat and burning. Caries. Ulceration of the bones. Carious Ulcer. An ulceration of the bones. Carotids. The main arteries con- veying the blood to the head. Catamenia. The monthly discharge of females. Catarrh. Inflammation of the mu- cous membranes, (the ordinary ef- fects of cold.) Cataplasm. A poultice. Catheter. An instrument for draw- ing off the urine. Cataract. An opacity of the crys- talline lens, or its capsule; a species of blindness. Cephalalgia. Head-ache. Cephalic. Relating to the head. Cerebral. Relating to the brain. Cerebrum. The brain. Cerebellum. The posterior and in- ferior part of the brain, (the little brain.) Cervical. Pertaining to the neck. Cervical Vertebrae. The joints or vertebrae of the neck. Cervix. Neck. Cervix Uteri. Neck of the womb. Cessatio Mensicm. A cessation of the menses, (female periodicals.) Chancres. Sores caused by venereal poison. Chorea Sancti Viti. St. Vitus' dance. Chordee. Painful erections, (pria- pism.) Chronic. Long continued, slow, not acute. Chlorosis. Green sickness. Chyle. The milky fluid produced by digestion. Chyme. The digested food after it has passed the stomach into the ■ bowels. Cicatrix. A scar. Clavicle. The collar bone. GLOSSARY OF MEDICAL TERMS. 685 Clavus. Corns. Clonic Spasms. Sudden jerking or twitching as in epilepsy. Coagula. Clots of blood. Coagulable Lymph. The uniting medium of wounds. Colic. Griping pains in the bowels. Collapse. Failing of vitality. Colliquative Stools. Profuse wa- tery discharges from the bowels. Collyrium. An eye wash. Coma. A lethargic stupor, or pro- found sleep. Comatose. Morbidly sleepy. Congenital Hernia. A rupture ex- isting at the time of birth. Congelation. Frozen. Congestion. An accumulation of blood in any part. Conjunctiva. The lining membrane of the eyelids, and extending over part of the anterior of the eye-ball. Constipation. Costiveness, bound up. Consumption. Wasting, consuming. Contagion. A subtle principle or poison producing disease through the medium of touch; coming iu contact. Contused. Bruised. Convulsions. Fits, spasms. Cornea. The horny, transparent part of the eye anteriorally. Coryza. Cold in the head. Coxagra. Inflammation and pain in the hip-joint. Coxalgia. Neuralgic affection of the hip-joint. \ Coxendix. The hip-joint. Cranium. The skull. Crepitation. The grating of the ends of fractured bones, or a sensa- tion produced in emphysema. Crepitant. A cracking rattle caused by air being forced through tena- ceous mucus. CRUSTA Lactea. Milk eruption, a crusty eruption on the heads and faces of nursing children. Cutaneus. Pertaining to the skin. Cutis. The true skin. Cuticle. Scarf skin, outer skin. Cystitis. Inflammation of the blad- der. Deglutition. Swallowing. Delirium. Derangement. Dejections Alvine. Evacuations from the bowels. Deliquium. Fainting. Dementia. Without mind. Demulcents. Mucilaginous drinks. Dentition. Teething. Desquamation. Scaling off. Diagnosis. The symptoms character- izing disease. Diaphoresis. Gentle perspiration. Diabetes. An increased flow of urine. > Diaphragm. The muscular partition between the chest and abdomen, (the midriff). Diaphragmitis. An inflammation of tbe diaphragm. Diarrhcea. Looseness of the bowels. Diathesis. A particular predisposi- tion, or habitude of body. Dietetic. Relating to food or diet. Dislocated. Out of joint, displaced. Diluents. Bland drinks. Diuresis. Increased discharge of urine. Diuretics. Medicines that will in- crease the flow of urine. Dorsal. Appertaining to the back. Dolor. Pain. Drastic Cathartics. Active physics or purgatives. Duodenum. The first intestine, about twelve inches in length. Dyspepsia. Indigestion. 686 GLOSSARY OF MEDICAL TERMS. Dyspn1 diet of................. 661 " dry nursing of..........662 " crying of............... 662 " head elongated......... 663 " snuffles of.............. 664 " want of sleep.......... 665 " sleeping too much......665 fi inflammation of their eyes................. 666 " red gum............... 666 " apthse, thrush or sprue.. 667 " excoriations of......... 668 " chafing of..............668 " jaundice of............. 669 " crusta lactea........... 669 " erysipelas of............ 670 " worms of.............. 670 " vaccination of.......... 670 " convulsions of.......... 070 " teething of............. 671 " cholera of............. 679 " constipation of......... 674 " diarrhoea of............ 674 " fever of................ 675 " dropsy of the brain of.. . 677 " asthma of.............. 679 " choking of............. 679 " hooping-cough of..... .\ 212 Inflammation................... 69 " acute............. 69 " chronic........... 69 " phlegmonous...... 69 " erysipelatous...... 69 11 of the brain....... 72 '■ ofthe eyes........ 91 " ofthe nose........ 308 " ofthe parotid gland 113 " ofthe larynx...... 95 of the tonsils...... 97 700 INDEX. PAGE Inflammation of the tongue...... 99 " of the trachea..... 101 " of the bronchia, acute........... 104 " of the bronchia, chronic......... 105 " ofthe palate...... 109 " of the gums....... 110 " of the lungs....... 74 " of the pleura...... 76 " of the stomach .... 77 " ofthe bowels..... 81 " of the liver........ 79 " of the spleen...... 86 " ofthe heart....... 88 " of the diaphragm .. 89 " of the peritoneum.. 90 " puerperal peritoni- tis ........... .. 649 " of the bladder..... 70 " of the kidneys..... 84 " of the genitals.....530 Influenza...................... 193 Inguinal hernia................. 301 Insanity....................... 488 Insects, bites and stings of....... 192 Insomnia...................... 585 Intermittent fever.............. 41 Intestines Invagination.......... 591 Introduction..................5&8 Intussusception.................591 Invagination...................591 Irregular menstruation.......... 618 Ischuria....................... 545 Itch........................... 439 Itching of the anus.............. 470 " " genitals........... 529 " " female genital or- gans ............ 606 Jaundice....................... 151 " of infants............. 669 Joints, dislocation of............ 189 " dropsy of................ 267 " rheumatism of........... 116 Kidneys, inflammation of....... 84 Knee-joint, dropsy of........... 268 " " white swelling of the 391 Labor......................... 634 Lacerated wounds.............. 190 Laryngitis..................... 95 Lenticular cataract............. 472 Leucoma...................... 479 Leucorrhoea.................... 623 Lichen........................ 458 " simplex................. 459 " agrius.................. 459 " pilaris.................. 459 PAGE Lichen lividus.................. 460 " tropicus................. 460 Limbs, pains ofthe............. 178 Lips, cancer of................. 291 " eruptions on.............. 449 List of remedies............ 15 & 30 Liver, inflammation of.......... 79 Local applications.............. 24 Local congestion............... 61 Lochia......................... 641 Lock-jaw...................... 338 Looseness of the bowels......... 133 Loss of appetite................ 164 '' of power of speech......... 597 " of voice................... 209 Lumbago...................... 177 Lumbar abscess................. 393 Lungs, bleeding from the....... 274 " inflammation of the...... 74 " consumption of the...... 216 Lues venerea.................. 535 Lymphatic glands, enlargement, or knotted condition of.......... 604 Lymphomata................... 604 Madness....................... 489 Malignant scarlet fever......... 426 Mammary tumors............... 294 Mania......................... 489 " a potu.................. 505 Mastoid tumors................. 294 Measles........................ 421 Medicines...................15 & 30 '' external............. 24 " strength of........... 31 " dose of............... 33 Medullary tumors...............294 Melanotic " ................ 294 Melasma Adisonii...............584 Meliceris " ............... 294 Meniere's disease...............595 Meningitis, cerebro-spinal....... 365 Menorrhagia................... 613 Menstruation................... 607 Menses, retention of the........ 609 " suppression ofthe...... 612 " immoderate flow ofthe.. 613 " irregular............... 618 " painful................. 616 " cessation of the......... 620 Mental derangement............ 487 Mesenteric glands, scrofula ofthe 394 Metallic tinkling................ 249 Miliaria........................ 444 Miliary fever................... 444 Milk, secretion of............... 642 " deficiency of.............. 646 " eruption.................. 669 INDEX. 701 PAGE Milk suppression of............ 646 excess of................. 648 " depraved quality of....... 647 " leg....................... 653 " eruption.................. 669 Mind, diseases of............... 487 Miscarriage.................... 632 Modes for examining the urine .. 566 Monomania.................... 490 Morbid appetite................ 166 Morbilli........................ 421 Morbus, Brightii...............552 " " first type of___554 " " second type of. 555 " third type of... 556 " " principal symp- toms of...... 557 " coxarius............... 392 Mouth and throat, canker of the . 318 Mumps........................ 113 Myopia........................ 482 Nausea........................ 162 Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy................... 627 Near-sightedness......,........ 482 Nebula........................ 479 Neck, pains in the.............. 177 Nephritis...................... 84 Nettle rash..................... 456 Neuralgia...................... 172 Nightmare..................... 67 Nipples, sore................... 643 Node.......................... 540 Noli me tangere................ 443 Nose, bleeding from the.........273 " cancer of the............. 291 " pains of the.............. 173 " eruptions on the.......... 443 Nursing sore mouth............. 649 Obesity........................ 601 Obstruction of the menses....... 609 " of the lachrymal duct 480 Occult cancer.................. 287 Odontalgia..................... 180 Open cancer.................... 287 Ophthalmia.................... 91 Opisthotonus................... 338 Otalgia........................ 173 Otitis.......................... 94 Otorrhcea...................... 95 Oxaluria....................... 375 Pain........................... 172 '' in the head................ 183 " in the ears................. 173 " in the teeth................ 180 " in the eyes................. 173 " in the nose................. 173 PAGE Pain in the face................. 172 " in the chest................ 174 " in the stomach.. .■.......... 175 " in the bowels.............. 175 " in the back................ 177 " in the limbs.............. 178 " in the wrists............... 179 " in the hands............... 179 " in the fingers.............. 179 " in the ankles.............. 180 " in the feet................. 180 " in the toes................. 180 " of a specific character..... 178 " ofthe leftside............ 179 " of the right side........... 179 " in the side during pregnancy 629 Painful erections...............533 " menstruation........... 616 Painter's colic.................. 148 Palate, inflammation of......... 109 Palpitatio cordis................ 363 Palpitation of the heart.........363 Palsy. Vide Paralysis........... 331 " of a particular muscle.... 331 11 of one side longitudinally 331 " of one-half transversely.. 331 '' Scriveners'.............. 588 Panaris........................ 401 Pancreatic tumors.............. 294 Paralysis, partialis.............. 331 " paraplegica........... 331 " hemiplegica.......... 331 Paraphimosis................... 532 Paronychia.................... 401 Parotitis....................... 113 Parturition..................... 634 Passio iliaca.................... 148 Pectoriloquy...................248 Pemphigus..................... 453 " major............... 453 " minor............... 453 Penis, inflammation of the...... 530 Pericarditis.................... 358 Percussion..................... 240 Peritoneum, inflammation of the. 90 Peritonitis..................... 90 " puerperal........... 649 Periproctitis....................583 Perityphlitis................... 582 Pertussis....................... 212 Phimosis...................;... 531 Phlegmonous inflammation...... 69 Phlegmasia dolens.............. 653 Phrenitis....................... 72 Phthisis pulmonalis............. 216 Phthisic....................... 198 Physical structure of females___ 606 702 INDEX. PAGE Pica........................... 602 Piles........................... 281 " bleeding.................. 281 " blind...................... 281 " during pregnancy.......... 628 Pimples on the face............. 442 Placenta, adhesion of........... 637 Pleura, inflammation of the..... 76 Pleurisy....................... 76 Pleuritis....................... 76 Pleurothotoiiic tetanus.......... 338 Pleximeter..................... 240 Pneumonia..................... 74 Podagra....................... 121 " retrograda............. 123 " otonica................ 122 Poison from insects............. 192 " from animal matter...... 192 " ofthe blood............. 573 Polydipsia..................... 603 Posterior and lateral regions of the chest..................... 243 Potencies...................... 31 Preface.......................5&8 Pregnancy..................... 625 '' term of.............. 626 " diseases dining....... 627 Prepuce, retraction of........... 532 " eruptions on the....... 450 Pressing pain.................. 179 Presbyopia..................... 483 Priapisms...................... 533 Pricklv heat.................... 460 Procidentia uteri ..."............ 504 Progressive locomotor ataxia.... 367 Prolapsus uteri................. 656 Pruritis........................ 630 Psoas abscess..................393 Psora.......................... 439 Puberty....................... 607 Puerperal fever................ 649 Puerile respiration.............. 245 Pulmonary consumption........ 216 " " pathology of...... 219 " " prevention of......232 " " cure of... 233 Pulmonary respiration.......... 845 Punctured wounds'............. 191 Purging....................... 135 Purpura........................ 436 " simplex................ 436 " urticans................ 436 " senilis................. 436 " contagiosa............. 436 " hemorrhagica.......... 436 PAGE Pyaemia........................ 573 Pyrosis........................ 629 Qualitative analysis ofthe urine . 566 Quinsy........................ 97 Rachitis........................ 399 Ranula........................ 302 Raucedo....................... 207 Rawness of infant.............. 668 Reducible hernia............... 304 Red-gum....................... 666 Remedies, abridged list of....... 30 '' external............. 24 " list of...........'..15&30 " strength of........... 31 Remittent fever................ 45 Restlessness.................... 665 Respiration, bronchial.......... 246 '' cavernous.......... 247 " puerile............ 248 " vesicular.......... 245 Retention of the menses......... 609 " of the urine.......... 545 " of the placenta........ 637 Retraction of the prepuce.......532 Retrocedeut gout............... 124 Rheumatism................... 116 " acute.............. 116 chronic............ 120 Rheumatic affection of the hip- jpiut......................... 121 Rhonchus...................... 246 " dry................ 246 " sonorous........... 246 dry mucous........246 " humid............. 247 mucous or rale...... 247 " cavernous.......... 247 " sub-mucous........ 247 " crepitant........... 247 " sub-crepitant....... 247 Rickets........................ 399 Ringing and roaring of the ears.. 587 Ringworm..................... 449 Roseola........................ 433 " aestiva................. 433 " autumnalis.......1.....434 " annulata............... 434 " infantilis............... 434 " variolosa............... 434 " vacciui — miliaris....... 434 Rubeola....................... 421 Running of the ears............'. 95 Rupture........................ 303 Salt-rheum..................... 468 Sarcomatous tumors............ 293 Scabies........................ 439 Scald head..................,. 440 INDEX. 703 PAGE Scalds......................... 188 Scarlatina............ ......... 424 " simplex............... 421 " anginosa.............. 425 " maligna.............. 426 Sciatica........................ 116 Scirrhus.......................287 " occult.................287 " ulcerated.....x.........287 Scorbutus...................... 395 Scriveners' palsy............... 588 Scrofula....................... 385 " of the neck............ 389 " of the eyes............ 391 '' of the hip-joint......... 392 " ofthe knee-joint........391 ■' of the mesenteric...... 394 " glands................ 391 Scrotum, dropsy of............. 265 " eruptions t n the.......528 Scrotal hernia.................. 304 Scurvy........................ 395 Scurf.......................... 461 Seasickness.................... 162 Secretion of milk............... 642 Seminal weakness.............. 525 Septaemia...................... 573 Sexual instinct................. 527 Ship fever...................... 47 Short-sightedness............... 482 Sick headache................. 185 Sickness of the stomach......... 162 " " " "* " during pregnancy................... 627 Sight, weakness of............. 475 Skin, diseases of the............ 409 Sleep, want of................. 585 Slceples.-m r*s of infants.......... 665 Sleeping, too much, of infants.... 665 Sleeplessness during pregnancy .. 628 Small-pox...................... 410 " " modified species of___416 Snake-bitten................... 192 Snuffles........................ 664 Sore mouth.................... 318 " " of infants........... 6(>7 " *' while nursing....... 649 " nipples.................... 643 " throat.................... 97 " " ulcerated........... 371 Sores. See Ulcers.....:......... 405 Sounds produced by auscultation and percussion................ 247 Sour stomach................... 384 Speech, impairment or loss of--- 597 Spinal meningitis............... 365 Spitting of blood................ 274 PAGE Spleen, inflammation of the T___ 86 Splenitis...................... 86 Spots on the face during preg- nancy ........................ 629 Sprains and strains............. 191 Sprue.......................... 667 Squinting...................... 481 St Anthony's fire............... 462 St. Vitus' dauce................ 335 Steatomatous tumors............ 294 Stethoscope.................... 244 " use of the.......... 244 Sthenic congestion.............. 61 Stings of insects................ 192 Stitching paiu.................~. 179 Stomach, pain in the............ 175 '' inflammation of the___ 77 " sourness of the....... 153 " bleeding from the...... 277 " cancer of the.......... 291 " " " orifices of the................ 292 " weakness of........... 142 Stone in the bladder............ 549 Strabismus..................... 481 Strains......................... 191 Strangulated hernia............. 304 Strangury...................... 545 Strength of drugs............... 31 Stye........................... 484 Succussion..................... 240 Summer complaint. Vide Diar- rhoea, Dysentery, aud Cholera morbus...................... 133 Sunstroke...................... 383 Suppression of the menses....... 612 " of the milk......... 646 Superficial ulcers............... 406 * Sweating of the genitals......... 530 Swelling under the tongue...... 302 Swelling of the feet during preg- nancy .......... 628 '' " veins........... 630 " " face............ 309 " " nose............ 310 " " lip............311 " " glands ofthe neck 312 " in the axilla (armpit) .. 313 " ofthe hands and fingers 314 l; " feet and toes.... 316 " of a peculiar character . 317 " red shining............ 317 " suppurating...........317 " dropsical.............. 318 " under the tongue......318 Sycosis........................ 404 '• syphilitic............... 541 704 TAGE Syphilis........................ 531 Syphilitic ulcers................ 540 Syncope....................... 350 Tabes pulmonalis............... 216 " mesenterica.............. 394 Taenia latia.................... 168 " solium.................. 168 Tapeworm..................... 168 Tearing pain................... 178 Teething........................ 671 Teeth, pains of the.............. 180 Testicles, affections of the....... 530 Tests for sugar in the urine...... 567 Tetanus........................ 338 Tetter......................... 447 Throat, affections ofthe......... 97 Thrush ........................ 667 Thyroid gland, enlargement of... 397 Throbbing pain................. 179 Tic douloureux................. 172 Tinea capitis................... 440 Tinnitus aurium................587 Toes, pain of the................ 180 " corns on the.............. 187 Tongue, cancer of.............. 291 " inflammation of the..... 99 " tumor under the........ 302 Tonsils, inflammation of the..... 97 Tonsilitis....................... 97 Toothache..................... 180 " during pregnancy___628 Trachea, inflammation of........ 101 Treatment after delivery........ 660 " of infants............ 660 Tricocephalus dispar............ 168 Trismus........................ 338 Tubercular consumption......... 216 Tumors........................ 292 " encysted................ 293 " sarcomatous............. 293 " steatoma................ 295 " adipose................. 294 " scirrhus................. 294 " medullary............... 2 J4 " melanotic............... 294 " meliceris............... 294 " pancreatic.............. 994 " mammary............... 294 " mastoid................. 294 Tussis convulsiva............... 212 Typhlitis....................... 582 Typhus fever................... 47 " contagious.............. 47 " icterus.................. 53 Ulcers from contusions.......... 405 " from mercury............ 406 " syphilitic................ 406 PAGE Ulcers scrofulous................ 406 " deep.................... 407 " superficial............... 406 " fistulous................. 406 " indurated................ 406 " carious.................. 406 " cancerous............... 406 " fungous................. 406 " varicose................. 407 " ragged.................. 407 " blue appearing........... 407 " black " ........... 407 " gray " ........... 407 " yellow 4i ........... 407 " with inflamed borders.... 407 •" foul..................... 407 " gangrenous.............. 407 " bleeding................. 407 " painful.................. 407 " painless................. 407 *' burning and stinging..... 407 Urine bloody................... 279 " incontinence of.......... 547 " " during pregnancy 628 " modes for examining......566 " qualitative analysis of.... 566 " tests for sugar in......... 567 " test for chlorides in....... 568 " microscopic examination of 568 Urinary calculi................. 549 Urinary examination, blank re- port of....................... 565 Urticaria....................... 456 Utero-gestation................. 625 Uterus, dropsy of............... 252 " displacement of the...... 656 " haemorrhage from the... 613 Vaccina........................ 417 Varicella....................... 418 Varicose veins during pregnancy. 630 " ulcers...............'.. 407 Variola........................ 410 Varioloid...................... 416 Vegetations.................... 541 Ventral hernia................. 304 Vertigo........................ 351 Voice, loss of the............... 209 Volvulus................."......591 Vomiting...................... 162 of blood.............. 277 Wakefulness................... 585 Wantof appetite................ 164 Want of sleep during pregnancy. 628 Want of sleep with infants...... 665 Warts......................... 404 Warty excrescences on the geni- tals'.......................... 541 INDEX. 705 PAGE Washing and dressing of infants. 661 Wasting of the lungs............ 216 mesenteric glands 394 Water-brash.................. 629 Weakness of sight.............. 476 Weakness, seminal............. 525 " of the stomach...... 142 Weeping eye................... 480 Wetting the bed................ 547 Whites........................ (523 White swelling................. 391 Whitlows...................... 401 Wind colic..................... 148 Windpipe, affections of the...... 104 Womb, dropsy of the........... 252 " inflammation of the...... 649 PAGE Womb, cancer of the............ 291 " displacement of the...... 656 Worms........................ 167 '■ common round.......... 168 " long thread............. 168 " pin..................... 168 •c maw................... 168 •' tape.................... 168 Wounds, incised................ 190 " punctured.............. 191 •' lacerated............... 190 '• contused............... 190 " poisoned................ 192 Writers' cramp................. 588 Yellow fever................... 53 r" i K/