DIRECTORS, MABYLAN9 PENETENVIARir, MADE TO THE EXECUTIVE, Communicated by His Excellency, Governor Kent, to tlie Legislature, at De- cember Session, 1828. Jl&Uimorr: fRINTED AT THE OFFICE OF KILEs' UE&ISli.!t. VAlitt ST 1329, WSBSWEM* Maryland Penitentiary, > Baltimore, %M Bee. 1828. £ To His Excellency, Joseph Kent, Governor of Ma- ryland. Sir, In compliance with the law ordering the same, I have the honor to transmit to your Excellency the enclosed annual abstract of the proceedings of the Maryland Penitentiary. In offering the congratulations of the board, on the continued prosperity of an institution so important to the preservation of good order in our state, I deem it my duty to press upon your excellency, and through you upon the Legislature, the expediency of such ex- tension of the powers of the board, as experience has demonstrated to be essentially necessary to the perfec- tion of the system now established. I allude to such changes in the provisions of the law as will enable the Directors to apportion the salaries of the officers according to their merit and the actual !b value of their services. As the law now stands, the intelligence, mechanical skill and integrity, which are required from those entrusted with the supervision of the various departments in the yard, are reduced to the same level with the wall-guards, from whom nothing more is desired than a vigilant eye and a steady and faithful hand. There are now employed in this capacity, indivi- duals, whose loss, we apprehend, would be felt most seriously by the institution ; one or two of them actu- ally perform the duties heretofore divided between two keepers, and perform them better; and yet their salary is limited by the law to the amount received by the least deserving among the whole number of this class. By a reference to the report from the committee of the board, appointed for the purpose of examining the condition of similar institutions in neighbouring states, it will be seen that the scale of compensation to officers generally, is graduated upon the principle desired by this ?/or.rd. Under the conviction that the change proposed, is of Hie utmost importance to the promotion of the interests of the institution, I trust to be excused for thus urging the subject upon the notice of your excellency, and soliciting from you, as ex-officio president of the board, such recommendation to the Legislature in favor of the measure, as may by you be deemed advisable. I am with due respect, Your excellency's most obd't. serv?t. (Signed,) WM. M'DONALD, President of, and by order of the Board of Directors. 5 To the Board of Directors of the Maryland Penitentiary. The Committee of Superintendance present to the Board of Directors, the annual abstract of the proceedings of the Maryland Penitentiary to the 30th ult., and direct the atten- tion of the board to the account of profit and loss, for an ex- hibit of the gain by the several departments during the past year. It will be seen, that for the greater part, they have yielded profits proportionate to the number of convicts employed in them respectively, and equal in ratio to the amounts produ- ced by them during the year ending 30th November, 1827. The smallness of the gain by the comb-making department, is owing in part to the very limited degree to which it was necessary to reduce its operations, in consequence of an unu- sual great scarcity of horns, and in part to the disadvantage of contending against the patent machinery now generally made use of. As these inconveniences have lately ceased to exist, that branch has been increased to its original extent, and in future, will be equally profitable with the other departments. The loss by the hatting department, is to be attributed en- tirely to reduction in the price of hats since the taking of the last inventory. That business having, at the same time, been suspended, with a view to its final total abandonment, in case of a continued want of support. The female department, under the direction of its worthy and attentive matron, has produced a nett gain of $1,335 71, derived from the proceeds of its labour for the weaving and other departments; proving in a satisfactory manner, that convict females, under the government of one of their own sex, may not only be as well disciplined as males, but that their labour may be so directed as to be equally profitable. A truth that is as yet unknown in any other than the Maryland Penitent iarv. t) ine gain by the several departments, exclusive- of the w- pense for the support of the convicts, has been $21,427 3S. but is reduced by the payment of the salaries of officers, and the instalment on the loan of 1822, and interest on that and the loan of 1828, to $9,804 16,—the nett gain of the year. The active capital now stands at $70,927 06, and will, in the opinion of the Committee, suffice to maintain the present prosperous condition of the institution without further aid on the part of the Legislature. Although the Legislature, at its last session, authorized an additional loan of $S000. to be appropriated to the comple- tion of the new building, and to the purchase of a lot north of the wall to be used as a yard for the sawing of stone, the Com- mittee believing it probable that those expenses could be de- frayed without embarrassment from the funds of the house, advised the treasurer to refrain from taking up the loan until he might be especially requested to do so. The Committee have already purchased and paid for a lot sufficiently large for a stone yard, amounting to $1850, and as the cost of the building, exclusive of the charge for the la- bour of convicts, will not much exceed the amount of the loan, they still advise a dependence for every further expense on the resources of the Institution. The quality of the goods manufactured, continues to be ac- knowledged as unrivalled, and their sale is in consequence sure and extensive. To have paid during a year, the whole expense of sup- porting three hundred and seventeen criminals, amounting, for provision, clothing, fuel, and other incidental expenses, to $18,796 52, besides $8,100 86 for the salaries of officers, and $3,522 36, on account of loans, and have realized a nett gain of $9,S04 16, is a result that the warmest advocates of the Penitentiary System would not, a few years since, have ventured to predict, under any arrangements that could have heen proposed. Yet the practical efforts of the directors and 1*7 I officers of the Maryland Penitentiary, have not only establish- ed the fact, but have planned siich a system of regulations, as renders almost certain, the attainment of similar results in fu- ture. As relates to the police regulations, the committee can on- ly remark, that in so far as they are calculated to prevent the extension of immorality, they have not, during the past year, failed in their object. The younger of the prisoners have been carefully kept apart from the older and more depraved, and the latter have been classified in such manner, in their sleeping apartments, as to separate the well-disposed from the vicious and incorrigible. The Sabbath religious exercises have been performed with zeal and ability, by appointments from the Methodist church in the morning, and by volun- teer ministers of other sects, occasionally, in the afternoon. By means of these regulations, doubtless, much corruption has been obviated ; but, cases of positive reformation or im- provement of morals, must be admitted to be of rare occur- rence, owing to the ill effects of the familiar intercourse which the present system cannot prevent. The new wing, intended for solitary confinement at night, will afford the best and only means of preventing the corrup- tion of morals consequent upon the mingling of convicts in cells. Other serious objections to the present system exist in the too great freedom of intercourse permitted to convicts while at labour. This, it will be necessary to prohibit, under regu- lations such as have been found effective in other prisons, and the committee join their reoommendations to those of the late committee appointed by the board to collect information on the subject, for the adoption of such as will be found suggest- ed in their report, and which are derived from the excellent discipline of the prisons at Auburn and Sing Sing. The committee would further press upon the board, the ex- pediency of establishing a general Sunday School after the s model of that at the Auburn prison. There is no doubt th.«f such an institution might be formed, and that it would be un- dertaken with pleasure by any one of the religious associations of the city. The committee cannot forbear congratulating the board and the public generally, on the advances already made in the state of Maryland, towards the perfection of a system that has so long and seriously occupied the public attention ; a system that, from the many abuses to which, when ill understood, it gave birth, was believed inadequate as a punishment, and cal- culated rather to foster than eradicate the propensity to crime. The spirit of philanthropy, to which Penitentiaries owe their establishment, discovered with regret in the infancy of their institution, that the removal of a public nuisance from the highways and fortifications to a state prison, served only to combine the various materials of infamy into a mass, whose sounder parts early and inevitably caught the infection of the worst, and sought, rather than avoided, an equal contamina- tion. Religious instructions were inculcated, and moral and reli- gious books were distributed among the convicts. The for- mer were but too often ridiculed in the absence of the precep- tor, and the latter were misused or neglected. Classification was instituted, but, while there was no incentive to good con- duct but distinction for it, failed of producing emulation. To conciliate them by enlisting their interests, daily tasks were prescribed, and a compensation was made for the labour per- formed beyond them, and pardons were promised to those who might distinguish themselves for good conduct. These changes effected a considerable improvement of the system, and produced in many convicts, at least a partial amendment, with a view to a remission of their sentence. But the evils of association at night were too inherent in the system to be remedied by any regulations, and a separation by imprison- ment in solitary cells was at length resorted to, and with much success. The plan, however, remained insufficient to an en- tire reformation of morals, until, ha? as been exemplified in 4 ihe Stale Prisons of New-York, a total restriction o; :r.;ei- course by day as well as at night, could be brought into effect. The experience of those prisons has afforded numerous instan- ces of reformation to prove, that their discipline combines all the advantages ever expected from the system, and it is, per- haps, as perfect as prison discipline can, or need be. Their principal regulations are few and simple ;—tending, all, to the maintenance of silence among the convicts, and, indirectly, through this medium, to the preservation of order, security, and subordination. Their discipline now serves as a model to all new prisons, and is well worthy the imitation of those of the old. that can possibly be adapted to its reception. Respectfully submitted, THOS. SHEPPARD. &EO. KEYSER, Committee of Superintendence. jkmt&rr %?>d, < S'2& To the Board of Directors of the Maryland Penitentiary. The committee appointed by the Board of Directors to make the necessary provisions for, and to superintend the erection of the new building, submit to the board the follow- ing report of their proceedings: That, in compliance with the law providing for the erection of an additional wing, they advertized for proposals for the supply of the various building materials as they were requir- ed, and selected such offers as were made upon terms, the most advantageous to the interests of the state. They have inspected, personally, the erection of the building, during its gradual progression, and are able to assure the board, that every means, calculated to insure its durability and the secu- rity of the cells, has been adopted. Confiding in the known talents of the architect, Mr. Wm. F. Small, the general arrangement of the building has been 10 submitted to nis direction, and the committee are satisfied that he has rendered entire justice, both in the plan and in his attentions to the labour of the workmen. The great mass of the work has already been performed, and externally, the building is finished. The plaistering of the interior is the principal of what is wanting, to render the building complete ;—the doors, fixtures for the galaries, &c. being already prepared to be applied when the plaisterers, who are now at work, shall have finished. The cost "of the building, inclusive of the labour of prison- ers has been $36,086 42. The labour of the prisoners amounts, in all, to $6071 50, of which $5216 25 belongsto the year ending 30th November. The various materials and workmanship, (excepting a lot of stone, amounting to about five hundred dollars, and the slating of the roof,) have been paid for, and amount to twenty-nine thousand one hundred and fourteen dollars and 92 cents, so that the total of actual expenditure on the completion of the building, will have exceeded but in an inconsiderable degree, the amount of the loan. The plan "suggested by the Rev. Mr. D wight, of substituting for floors in the upper stories, small galaries before each range of cells, and which was adopted by the board at an early stage of the building, possesses many obvious advantages over the ori- ginal design. The galaries, by leaving a considerable vacan- cy in the centre of the hall extending to the roof, will enable the guard in the lower story, to observe, at the same time, the door of every cell ; by this means, rendering the escape of any convict impossible. Light and heat may be applied with a considerable saving of expense, and ventilation will encounter no obstruction. Respectfully submitted, GEORGE KEYSER, ) D .... THOS. SHEPPARD,C-£m/(/^ JAMES MOSHER, $ Committee. Tkcmtter 28rf, J 828. (No. 1.) ABSTRACT OF PRISONERS, Received into the MAItTLAJVD PKNITEJVTIARY, from tlie 1st December, 1827 to the SOlh November, 1828, inclusive. WHITES. BLACKS. AMERICANS. FOREIGNERS. COUNTIES WHE11E CONVICTED. ■S d ?> crime.-;- 13 <3 s sr c 41 «5 1 S 1 to s i g> e u a CO * .5 <5 3 "S5 K © "a 1 s3 "2 ,1 <> s <> v 3 3 4> © 1 s 3 14 41 10 51 4 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 6t 2 1 ! 10 11 1 15 3 o 2 i 5 2 1 1 4 1 I 1 2 1 C 1 1 i Murder in the second degree, - 1 i Assault with intent to kill, c 2 1 1 < 1 1 Kidnapping, - 1 1 1 Receiving stolen goods, - - 1 1 1 I 1 | Harboring a runaway slave, - 1 1 t; Enticing a slave to runaway, 1 1 1 Passing counterfeit money, 1 1 I 1 1 1 ! 32 55 12 74 S 5 1 4 1 1 4 1 64 3 9 2 1 2 4 1 1 1 el 2 I 1 .] A A . „ -K- ... ft """"" "V" •\r' ' ' ' 93 6 ■..... v1 99 V, ,., _ - Ill 1 - -J 99 JOSEPH OWENS, Keeper. JAMES M'EVOY, Book Kecpei (No. 2.) ABSTRACT OF PRISONERS, Received into ike Maryland PtniienUary from 1st December 132/", to the 30lh JYovember 1828, inclusive. Of 99 piisoners received, 42 were for 2 years, 7 were for 3 years, 7 were for 4 years, 15 were for 5 years, 12 were for 6 years, 4 were It 7 years, 3 were for 8 years, 1 was for 9 years, 5 were for 10 years, 2 were for 15 years, 1 was for 24 years, 99 Of 74 natives of Maryland, there -were born in Baltimore County, - - • 31 Washington, - - - - 3 Queen Anns, - 4 Somerset, ... - \ Talbot, ..... Prince Georges, ... Harford, - Kent, - - Caroline, - 3 Ann Arundel, - 4 Montgomery, - 2 St. Marys, - • - 3 Dorchester, - 2 Frederick, - Worcester, - Calviit, .... 74 PRISONERS DISCHARGED. 51 their time of servitude having expired. 20 by pardon. 6 l 4 died. 75 305 prisoners remained in the Penitentiary 30th November, 1827. 99 were received from 1st Dec. 1827 to 30th Nov. 1828, inclusive. 404 75 S29 remaining in the Penitentiary 30th November, 1828. JOSEPH OWENS, Keeper. JAMES M'EVOY. Bnok *>«.r.r (No. S.) INVENTORY of the Goods on hatid belonging to the Maryland Penitentiary. Comb Making Accoutit. 2000 Spanish and other Horns ... 4000 Horn Tips and sundry materials Implements and Furniture .... Cordwaining Account. "78 pair Shoes, coarse and fine Materials on hand ...» . Implements and Furniture .... Sawing Account. 1 set Blocks, Teackle and Fall - 20 Saws—various sizes and 25 pairs Saw Heads and Beams --..-.. Sundry other Implements .... Smithing Account. Sundry Manufactured Goods - Implements and Furniture - Dying Account. 363 lbs. Indigo...... Sundry other Dye Stuffs ----- implements and Furniture - - - - Weaving Account, 79,444 yards Cloth—various - Sundry Webs in looms and Yarn in shops and store Implements and Furniture - Hatting Account. 7740 Wool Hats.....* 4053 lbs. Felt Wool, &c. Fmplcments and Furniture - Amount carried fonvani $320 00 589 75 865 78 1,346 60 251 83 312 85 50 00 100 00 227 62 140 00 217 00 635 25 556 82 409 51 12,573 50 3,353 89 2,131 50 00 3,563 1,172 64 540 63 $1,775 53 1,911 28 377 62 357 00 l,C0l 58 18,058 89 5,276 27 ($29,358 17 Am ;un: brought forward Carding ami Spinning Account. Sundry materials ol Wool, Yum. Sort Soap, &c. Implements and Furniture - Brush Making Account, or Carpenters' Shop. 360 lbs. Bristles...... Implements and Furniture - Household Expense Account. Sundry articles of Furniture and Implements in the front house, in prison, tailors' and otber shops, in the yard, in women's shops, &c. Fuel Account. 176 cords Oak Wood and hauling the same » 42 do. Pine do do. - Furniture and Bedding Account. 6 Beds and Bedsteads in guard room - $5 00 11 pair Sheets.....I 00 9 Blankets......1 50 3 do.......1 00 6 double Coverlids.....6 00 6 single do. ----- 4 00 11 sets Beds, Bedsteads & Bedding in hospital 175 Beds in prison and unused - - - 400 Blankets......0 60 99 do. new - - - - 1 25 13 single Beds in hospital cells - - - - 431 do. Coverlids in prison and unused 2 50 Clothing Account. 1294 yards Woollen and Cotton Cloths Sundry articles of Clothing—new and unused - Provision Account. Sundry lots of Flour, .Molasses, Potatoes, &c. I$29,358 17 £295 37| 198 231 ------J 493 62 288 00' 301 42 589 42 616 00 105 00 30 00 11 00 13 50 3 00 36 00 24 00 50 00 262 50 240 00 123 75 13 00 ,077 50 500 22 801 47 2,838 48 721 00 1,884 25 1,301 69 629 97 $37,816 60 DR. (No. 4.) MARYLAND PENITENTIARY. To Montgomery County - - - TO Prince Georges County - To Talbot County - - ' - To Lynch and Craft - To F. Lucas, Jr. To Mummey and Meredith To Hopkins and Moore - To Charles Ridgely, of Hampton - To Kelly and Reside - - - - To Rebecca Clackner - - - - To Treasury Department for amount drawn on account the late loan - To stock account for amount the nett capital of the Institution - $49 25 3 00 69 75 483 81 2 25 53 67 238 37 137 22 21 77 140 07 24,000 00 241,746 66 $266,945 82 TIIOS. SIIEPPARD,} Committee of GEO. KEYSER, S' Superintendence. JAMES M'EVOY, Oer£ By Cash, for amount of Balance on hand - By Notes receivable, for amount of Notes on hand - - - . By Franklin Bank, tor amount in deposit - By Store in town, for amsunt of goods, &c. on hand at store By Comb Making acct. for amount goods on hand as per inventory herewith By Cordwaining account, for amount do. By Sawing account, for amount do. By Smithing account, for amount do. By Dy mg account, for amount do. By Weaving account, for amount do. By Hatting account, for amount do. By Carding & Spinning account, for amount do. By Brush Making account, for amount By Household Expense acct. for amount By Furniture &c Bedding acct. for amount By Clothing account, for amount By Fuel account, for amount By Provision account, for amount By David Burke, for amount due by him ttv John Stevenson, for do. do. By Conn & M 'Elderry, for do. do. - By C. Dorsey, for do. do. By H. M'Elderry, for do. do. - By Edward Gray, for do. do. By Suspense of, for balance By T. Mummey, for do. do. By William Hickley, for do. do. - By William Johnson, for do. do. By J. Daugherty, for do. do. - Hiy A. Nisbet, for do. do. By Wm. J. Mead, for do. do. - do. do, do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. By Lot and Improvements, for amount the lot and buildings thereon By New Building, for amount materials purchased and labor performed CR. $612 10 25,378 72 7,896 79 11,069 81 1,775 53 1,911 28 377 62 357 00 1,601 58 18,058 89 5,276 27 493 62 589 42 2,838 48 1,884 25 1,301 69 721 00 629 97 95 78 17 31 20 42 28 50 32 96 5 28 195 68 108 37 28 66 9 29 108 73 40 37 43 28 147,355 75 36,086 42 $266,945 S-2 DR. (No. 5.) PROFIT AND LOSS. CR. To Hatting account, for loss on this account To Household expense acct. do. do. - To do. paid amount the salaries of the Agent, Clerk, Physician and Deputy Keepers, since January last To Commission account, paid amount the Principal Keep- er's salary in the year ------ To Interest account, for amount interest paid on account State loans, in the year - To George Mackubin, for amount instalment on loan of 1822......... To Stock account, for balance—being the amount of the nett gain of the year --.... j $660 97 5,375 96 6,800 86 1,300 00 2,522 36 1,000 00 9,804 16 $27,464 31 By Admittance account, for gain by receipts for admission By Discount account, for gain by discount on purchases By Comb Making account, for gain on this account By Cordwaining account, for do. do. By Sawing account, for do. do. By Smithing account, for do. do. By Dying account, for do. do. By Weaving account, for do. do. By Carding & Spinning acct. for do. do. By Prisoners generally, for do. on their collective accounts -------- $84 00 1,185 85 196 9.-; 1,349 70 1,050 47 306 98 2,195 07 10,583 31 1,335 71 9,176 29 $27,464 31 THOS. SHEPPARD,} Committee of GEO. KEYSER, C Superintendence. JAMES M'EVOY, Clerk.