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'^>-:/../  V A^
THIRTIETH CONGRESS-rSECOND ISÉSSION.
    Report No. 52.
[To accompany bilí H. R. No. 755.]
uA  -,
^
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
PATENT  MEDICINES.
February 6, 1849.
Dr. Edwards, from  the Select Committee, to whoai was referred
  the resolution  of the House of Representatives  ordering an in-
  quiry into the expediency of so amending the pateiu laws as to
  prevent the patenting of compound medicines, made  the  fol-
  lowing

                        REPORT:

  That, for many  years, a vast systera of medical empiricism, sus-
tained by popular  credulity and the sanction of gorernment, has
prevailed  in this  country, to  the serious detriment of the  public
health and moráis.   Relying  on  that  peculiar element in human
«ature which attracts mankind to the.mysterious, in whatever shape
or form presented, the unprincipled and mercenary, with fertile in-
genuity, have been daily prostituting a noble science at the shrine
of prívate interest, and to the deadly injury of  their fellow men.
While foreign  dealers and  their unscrupulous agents have hitherto
•flooded the land with impure  and  adulterated  drugs, the untaught
and designing  of  our own community, under the seal of a public
•office have been  forming  the same substances, without regard to
compatibility,  into  combinations, not only unrecognized but con-
demned by all the laws of pharmacy.  The press teems with adver-
tisements  of these catholicons, to  the virtues oí which no hmit is
assio-ned  Proclaíraed  infallible in diseases manifestly antagoms-
ticaT  they are sold without remorse, to  be  %dmimstered in igno-
rance  leaving no  trace but an increase of misfortune, and offermg
no redress for  the ruin  which  they entail.
  To that highest and most difficult province of the physician, the
detection  and discrimination of disease in all its multifanous forms,
as varied by peculiarities of age and constitution, and complícate*!
by the influences of climate and habit, the quack pays no respeot,
>sM
J¿  J</ 

Rep. No. 52.
but, with specious proniises, faithlessly oífers  to  each and every
case the  universal panacea;  and, whether positively or  negatively
iniuriouf, the  result is disappointment  and perhaps death to the
sufferer.   The educated practitioner  can  never lose sight  oí  that
severe accountability which society  and  his profession have  im-
posed.  He is taught to feel'that an error m diagnosis, or a failure
to arrest disease when within control, are no  less a  cause of re-
proach than faulty or fatal  interference; but, for the  irresponsable
vendor of these atrocious compounds there is  no retributive tribu-
nal, either of censure or law.  The principies of medicine,  derived
from accumulated experience, and the delicate results of  analyti-
cal chemistry, assign to  all  remedies a  certain and  limited action
npon the physical economy— with the same accuracy defining Iheir
curative  powers and the  circumstances controlling their  applica-
tion—under no authority, less stringent is  their administration, de-
fensible; ñor should the  hand  of reckless ignorance  be any longer
suífered to pervert the sacred gifts of nature and science to prívate
profit or to public injury.
   The full extent of this iniquitous  traffic can by none be so cor-
rectly estimated as b) medical men, whose daily duties bring them
into constajjt colusión with its startling effects.  It is not thepros-
perous and educated classes who are so  often  the  subjects of  im-
postare as the poor  and illiterate,  whose condition  is adverse to
discriminaron, and whose limited means  prompt them to seek the
relief  most confidently,  and, at the same  time, cheaply promised.
By such, the false and treacherous doctrine of "every man  h-is own
doctor" is eagerl.y and credulously accepted, and  the sense of the#
whole medical profession will  confirm the opinión  of the commit-
tee, that to this unfortunate delusion may be traced  a vast propor-
tion of the diseases that decimatethe poor, and render the  triáis of'
destitution still more intolerable.
   The committee most earnestly repTesent  that the  cause of hu-
manity,  and the welfare of that distinguished profession whose
sphere is the  alleviation of human  suífering,  imperatively require
the aid of legislation to restrict, if  it cannot altogether suppress,
this great  and growing  evil, by withholding from its abettors the
sanction of an enlightened government,-and by shielding the pub-
lic health from the hand of levity,Vith the same  jealous care that
now guards life  and property from  overt violence.   They regard
the legalized practice of granting patents for compound medicinal
agents as immoral and pernicious in tendency, opposed to the spirit
of the institution founded for the beneficent protection of inventive
genius, derogatory to the national character, anfl  subversive of the
benevolent aims of n^edical science.  They oppose it not only with
philanthropic views, but as  exponents of  an intense and universal
proftssional sentiment, and as advocates of a large and liberal class
in  the body politic, whose  lofty ethics repudiate  exclusive rights
and emoluments, forbid  secrecy, and unite all its members  in a
common search for truth and usefulness.  As such,  they disclaim all
selfish motives,  desiring  only,  from the highest legislative
thority, its cordial support  in an impoftant measure  of reform,
au>
and 
                        Rep. No. 52.                        3

an expression of  opinión that will awaken the public to a sense (f
its danger.  By these means, though  the  evil complained of may
continué to exist  as a private speculation, yet it will have received
the discountenance of  the wise and  good;  and the stigma of sus-
taining  an iniquitous traífic will  be expunged from  fhe national
records.
  Article. 1, section 8, of the constitution of the United States gives
to Congress the poweT to secure  to  authors and  inventors the ex-
clusive  right to their respective writings and discoveries to promote
the progress of science and useful  arts, and to make all laws ne-
cessary  to the execuLon of such  powers.
  By useful arts  is mtant such as are productive of  good,  benefi-
cial to  society  or to individuáis, when not incompatible with the
general  weal, in contradistinction to the arts of injurious character.
This distinction has been held by the courts; but, lest the  solemn
purport of the  statute should  be trifled with, Congress lías given
power to the commissioner to refuse patents for inventions of a tri-
vial or  unimportant character.  To decide this question of  useful-
ness and importance  is by no means an easy or  pleasant task for
the commissioner, and is  sometimes impracticable.   In no  depart-
ment of his duties docs he meet  the sarre difficulty  as in deciding
this important question when a compound medical agent is present.
Should  he decide to reject it, he  would be overwhelmed by certifi-
cates of utility and cures.  And  yet there can be no doubt but that
the grant of patents for compound medicines has  an  injurious ten-
dency.   Whatever act, legislative or otherwise,  that fosters empi-
ricism,  and thus jeopards life and health,  is injurious.   In full con-
viction  of the pernicious tendency of patent medicines, the  various
medical societies have laws prohibiting any member from patenting
medicines.  Common feelings of philanthropy seem  to forbid the
monopoly,  by individuáis, of means  which should  be within the
reach of all for  the alleviation of pain, the curing of disease, and
the saving of life.   If a physician were persuaded that the use of
a  certain compound medicine would exert a beneficial  influence
in a certain case, he would not  hesitate  to write the prescription
though  the article may have been patented.   A law would seem to
be  unwisely founded that would  prohibit  bis prescription in such a
case, and yet the law of patents  operates in this manner.
  Your coromittee much regret the loss, by fire, of the specification
and formulas of  patent medicine anterior to  1836.  They ate ena-
bled only to give the ñames of the patentees and articles patented,
in a large majority of those grants.   The formulas not being " re-
stored"  are not  now on file.   The subjoined  c,orrespondence will
exhibit  the  data  upon which the abstract here presented is predi-
cated.

                  Hoüse of Representatives, January 1,  1849.
  Sir:  The undersigned was  appointed chairman of a select com-
mittee by the House of Representatives "to inquire  into the  expe-
diency  of so amending the patent laws as to prevent the patenting 
4
Rep. No. 52.
of compound medicines."  In order to carry into effect the resolu-
tion of the House, abstracts  from books in your  departraent are
deemed necessary.   Will you furnish rae with the  formulas  and
ñames of the various patent  medicines on  file in  your  office, to-
gether  with, a short  abstract of the  diseases  for  which they are
«deemed curative by the inventors.
                Your obedient servant,
                            T. O. EDWARDS, Chairmani Sfc.
  Hon. Edmund Burke,
          Commissioner of Patents.
                            Patent Office, January 19, 1849.
  Sir: Er.closed herewith I have the honor to hand you the state-
raent required by  yours of the  lst instant, in relation to patent
medicines.   It includes the patents issued, and the  applications
xejected.
  I have the honor to b«, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
                             EDMUND BURKE,
                                    Commissioner of Patents.
  Hon. T. O. Edwards,
          House of Representatives. 
Patents granted.
Ñames of Fat.entecs
Morn.-. Cahnon
Johu J. Ciraud

Ez. AhIcIck   -
Elizabeth B.^tlctto
Jesse Wlieainn
S. R. Tn-rell
Isaac W. Smith
Elias AVilkml
Residencc.
|Datc of patents
 New Orieans, La.
 Baltimore, Md.

 New' York  -
 Now York
i Ma&sachusett.'j
 Burton, Mis.s.
 Lockport. N. Y.
 Albany, N. Y.
Oct.
Sept.
1,  1830
0.  1317
Robe
maní
Oct	26.	1818
Jan.	29,	1833
June	17,	180!
Feb.	b.	1836
May	2S,	1830
Oct.	«,	1810
Norfolk, Va.
Aug.  17, 1835
Ñames of medicines.
Agnc and fever specific
Anti-billious grand  depu
 rative gurider  -
Asiatic  lenitivo for  pain
Balsam, lavender
Bitters, jaundice -
Blood, equalizing the
Catholicon, chemical
Composition, cure for can
 cers
Composition  for  medical
 purposes
Not restored

   do
   do
   do
   do
   do
   do

   do

Restored
Ingrodients, mode of compounding, diseases for
 which it is alleged the medicines are remedies.
Remedy for Asiatic cholera, cholera morbus, di-
   arrhoea, &c, and  that the following is  a full
   and exact description of the procese or pro-
   portions of compounding the same, viz: Ac-
   cording to the proportions given of the follow-
   ing ingredients, sulphate of alum, two grains;
   s-up. carb. potass., one grain; alcohol ateighty
   degrees above  proof, forty drops;  gum cam-
   phor, twonty grains; Hoífman's anodyne elixir,
   half an ounce;  white sugar, half  an ounce;
   compound tincture of opium, half  an ounce;
   spirits of lavender, half an ounce; puré water,
   thrce ounces—which are  to be mixed together,
   and taken  according  to  the following direc-
   tions, viz:  Tako a table spoonful of the mix-
   ture, with the same quantity of water,  every
   hour or half hour, as occasion  may reqnire,
   until  vomiting,  purging,   aryi pains,  have
   ceased.  This medicine has been administered
   lo children aifected with  diarrhcea or cholera
   rnorbus, in doses of a tea  spoonful, with the 
Patents gran tal—Continued.
Ñames of paténteos.
Roberf. A.  Bernard-
  continued
John C. Bay  -
James U. Armour
Charity  S. Long
Simón Lazarus
Samuel Cltamberhiin
J.dm S.  Fall  -
Truinan Powell
Julos Ruceo  -
Harvey Frink
Samuel Cooley
Asa Johnson  .
Elisha Smitli  -
William A. Parker

John Callan  -

Richard  Jordán  and
  M. Anderson

Samuel Thompson
Lorenzo Dow
Rcsidence.	Date	of patents.		Ñames of medicines.	
Norfolk, Va -	Aug	17;	183.r>	Composition lor medical purposes	Restored
Mount Plensnnr, 0. -	Jan.	26,	1S25	Composition. pliarmaeeutic	Not restored
Frederiek, Md.	Sept	28	1827	Composition for scurvy -	do
Puiladclphia, Pa. -	May	¿7,	181'.i	Consumption, &c, «uring	do
Virginia	De,.-.	21,	1802	Cordial, anti-bilious	do
Massaehusetts	Dee.	31,	1804	Cordial, bilious -	do
Uattlesnake Springs,					
(ía.	Nov.	25,	1831	Dropsy and epilepsy, cure for	do
Burlington, Vt.	Feb.	0	1828	Dysentery, dyspepsia, &c.	do
Baltimore, Md.	Mar.	29,	1817	Elixir of íile	do
Northampton, Mass.	June	ti,	1S12	Elixir, restorative	do
Bolton, Conn.	Nov.	l¿,	1803	Elixir, vegetable -	do
Northumberland, Pa.	Jan.	U,	1812	Febrifuge -	do
New York -	Dec.	15,	182S	Gout nostrum	do
Accomac co., Va. -	Nov.	4,	1831	Gout and rheumatism, cure for -	do
Philadelphia, Pa. -	May	4,	1818	Magnesia, medicated, li-quid - - -	do
Philadelphia, Pa.	June	25,	1834	Magnesia, medicated, li-quid	do
Sur rey, N. H.	Marc	h2,	1813	Medicine - -	do
rlehron, Conn.	Nov.	24,	1820	Medicine -	Restored
Oí
Ingredients, mode of compounding. diseases for
 which it is alleged the medicines are remedies.
same quantity of water,  with complete suc-
cess.  The bottle should be keptweU corked.
Take nina pounds of genuine epsom salís, dis-
stdved in soft boiling water, the whole making
eight  quarts, to which add the  tincture  of
bloodroot,  (sanguinaria,)  say  four  ounces.
2. Take one pound of puré salts of nitre,, dis-
solved in boiling water, eight ounces oí sol-
O 
John Prentiss
Samuel Thompson
Fitzgerald Bird
John Dent
Joscjih Baker
Charles Whitlow

John G. Yonght
Horton Howar.l
New  London, Conn.
Boston, Mass.
Hancock, Ga.
Augusta, Ga.
Jefferson township, O
New  York  -

Rochcster, N. Y.   •
Columbus, O.
Mar.	27,	1822
Jan.	28,	1823
Apri	l 16,	1828
July	0	1828
Mav	5,	1831
Feb".	h;,	1825
Dec.	4,	1821
Aug	25,	1832
Medicine -
Medicine .
Medicine -
Medicine -
Medicine -
Medicine,  admiuislering
 by steain
¡Medicine, anti-dysenteric
Medicine, anti-spasmodic
 tiacture -
phuric aciJ,  of the  best  quality, the wliole
making four  quarts, all  of which  must  be
stirred with a wooden stick, and  when cool,
mix the same with the above epsom  salts and
bloodroot solution, which will eonstitute Dow's
faraily medicine in its full  strength, in its con-
centrated state.  Tho wholo  process'must be
performed in stone or earthen vessels, and af-
terwards preserved in g'lass.  Ünc or two ta-
ble spoonsful, in a half, pint of cold water, or
less quantity of each, may be taken once in
two  Uours,  untií it  operates freely.  This
medicine has  been found of general utility and
efficacy in  all those  disorders called biiious,
and aflections of the  liver, exceeding common
credibility,  even in many  cases  wherein  re-
peated courses  of mercurials have been used
in vain.  In costive habits, a*corrective, and
iñ dysentery,  a  speedy relief is obtained.
Take of tincture of lobelia seeds, (lobelia inflata)
   one pint;  of tincture of cayenne, (eapsicum
   annuum,)  one pint; of nervine tincture. three
   gills.   Mix and  bottle.  lor use.  Dose:  from
   half atea spooniul  to  a table  spoonful, re-
   peated  according  to  circumstances.   This
   tincture  is  used not  only  in cases of fits.
   spasms, &c, but  in all violent attacks of dis-
   ease,  and in  cases  of suspended  animation
   from drowning,  hanging, lightning,  or any
   other cause whatever.   It also operates as a
   speedy emetic, and  may be used for this pur-"
   pose in ¡ill cases wherc emetics are indicated, 
Patents granted—Continued.
Ñames of paténteos.
Horton Howard—con-
  tinued
Residence.       Date of patents.
Columbus. O.
Aug.  25, 1832
Ñames of medicines.
Medicine,  anti-spasmodic
 tincture -
00
Ingredients, mode of compounding, diseases for
 which it is alleged the medicines are remedies.
and especially in cases of accidental or crimi-
nal introduction of  poisonous  substances into
the stomach, &c.  It may likéwise be used to
facilítate the operafion of an  emetic  of the
more  common  preparations  of  lobelia, for
which parpóse it may be administered in tea     Wj
or table spoonful doses,  and at the discretion     *?
of the practiáoner, until it has the desired ef-    vq
fect.  The three  above-mentioned  tinetnres
(of which the anti-spasmodic tincture  is com-    ^
posed) are made as fóllows, viz:  1. Tincture    ~*
of lobelia seeds is made by digesting four and    ?
a half ounces  of pulverized lobelia (ivjlata)    ^
seeds in a pint of alcohol, for  ten days in a hot    (£
sun heat. often shaking it; then  strain or fil-
ter.  2. Tincture  of cayenne is  made by di-
gesting four and a half ounces of best cayenne
(capsicum annuum) finely pulverized In a pint
of alcohol in the same  manner as for  the last
abo ve  mentioned  tincture.  3. Nervine tinc-
ture is made by infusing fomr ounces of the
powder (next hereinafter described) in a pint
of alcohol or brandy, placed in a hot sun heat,
often shaking  for  ten days,  when it  may be
poured oíf, strained or  ñltered,  and  add one
ounce of the essence  of anise.  The  powder
next referred  to is prepared as  follows, viz:
Take of lady's slipper, {eypritsedium luteum.)
four ounces;  of ginseng,  (panax quinqué/o-
liuvi()  two ounce»,  and  two nutmegs,  all 
   ñnely pulverized and well mixed.  Essence of
   anise may be made by diluting two ounces of
   theoil of anise in a pint of alcohol.
To prepare an astringent tonic, to be used  in
   cases of disease where astringent tonics  are  ^
   indicated; and especially in relaxations of the
   intestines and other  parts of the fystem,  in
   baemorrhages; in cases of canker ulcers;  pu-
   trid disorders, and fevers, except in cases at-
   tend«d with obstínate costiveness, and where
   the mouth is dry and parehed, with difficult
   breathing,  take  equal parts of birth  root,
   (trillium latifolium,) plurisy root,  (asclepias
   tuberosa,) the bark of the reot of bay berry,
   (myrica cerefera,) the inner bark of hemlock,
   ¿oinus canadensis,) all fínely pulverized and
   well mixed, one ounce of this powder steeped    HH
   in one and a half pint of water—dose  half a    í^
   teacup full, with  lrom half  to a whole  tea-   >-q
   spoon full of Cayenne in it, sweetened if most
   agreeable.   A dose of this tea may be taken    >-^
   three times  a day in ordinary cases; bnt  in    í*
   diarrbcea, dysentery, floodings, &c, the doses    ?
   should be more frequent.                       <^
To prepare a bitter tonic, to be used in all cases    ¡£
   of disease where  bitter tonics are  indicated,
   and particularly in thoso attended with rauch
   loss  of  appetite  and  great prostration  of
   strength, take one pound eachof poplar bark,
   (populus trepida,)  the root of  goiden seal,
   (hydrastus canadensis,) the bark of the root of
   bay  berry,  (myrica   cerefera,)  the root  of
   American colombo, (fraseraverticillata,) six
   ounces each of capsicum and cloves, and four
   pounds  six ounces of loaf or lutnp sugar;  be-
   ing a quantity equal  to all the other anieles.
   All to  be ñnely pulverized,  sifted, and well
   mixed.  Dose: one teaspoon full, in either hot
   or cold water; or the powders may be taken
   into the  mouth, moistened with the  saliva and
   swallowed or washed down  wilh cold water. 
Patents granted—Continu
Ñames of paténteos.
Horton Howard—eon'd
'Samuel Thoinp?on   -  Boston, ATass
i      /
,   Residenee
Columbiu, Ohio
Date of patents.    Ñames of medicines.
Aun. 25, 1832
May   6, 1836
é\
Medicine, bitter tonir
Medicine, botanic
F
Ingrodients, mode of compounding, diseases for
 which it is alleged the medicines are remedies.
   To malee laxativo bitters, add one pound more
   or less of the bitter root  (apscynum andrasae-
   mifolium)   to  tho  foregoing  compound,  ín-
   ereasing in the same proportion, the quantity
   of capsicum, cloves and  sugar.
First, the mode of-preparing an emetic to be used
   in all cases where the same is necessary, that
   is to say in all forms of disease caused by cold
   or obstructed  perspiration, take of the leaves
   of lobelia inflata, of Linnseus,  pulverized to a
   fine powder,  from five  to twenty grains in
   warm water  sweetened;  or  in a tea of red
   raspberry leaves, or in any tea proper for re-
   moving  canker;  the dose  is to be  repeated
   until the desired effect shall be  produced.
   This  preparation  is  for the  less violent
   attacks  of disease in  aduks or  for  child-
   Ten. Second, takeof the seed of lobelia, re-
   ferred to,  one pound  finely pulverized,  with
   one pound of white sugar, the whole  to be
   well pounded together,  (the  sugar being de-
   signed  to  absorb the oil,«) then  add half a
   pound of  the  best capsioum, quarter of a
   pound of nerve powder,  one gallón improved
   rheumatic  drops  as  hereinafter  described.
   Dose: two tea spOonfulls for an adult, in a
   gilí of myrtle-root  bark tea, sweetened; or in
   a strong decoction of the following compound,
   namely, two pounds of myrtle-root bark, one
   pound golden  seal, one pound  ginger, two
   ounces  espsicum, two ounces cloves; all pul-
   verized fine, and sifted throush  a  fine  seive,
   and well mixed together.  For a dose take a 
 tea spoonful in hot water, sweetened; half this
 quantity for a child, and more or less aocord-
 ing to age.  This also may be  used for the
 less violent attacks of disease—-to be taken
 warm—the patient  being in bed with a hot
 brick or stone wrapped in several thioknesses
 of cloth, with water or vinegar placed at the
 feet.   It may be here observad that steaming
 by  the inventor's  plan is of the utmost im-
 portance in this mode of practice. Injections
 are ¿lso of the utmost importance to remove
 canker below the  reaehof medicine given in
 the usual way.  • The directions toprepare and
 use the same with steam are to be foand  in
 my " Guide  to Health,"  secured by  copy
 right.   Mode of relaxing  the  muscles in set-
 ting a bone, or in midwifery.  To relax the
 muscles in setting a  bone let the patient be in
 bed or shielded from  cold  air by a blanket
 near the fire; administer  a dose of the com-
 pound last named.  If this  does  not produce
 a perspiration,  give  a dose of the second pre-
 paration dfi the  emetic. and w<tap up the part
 atlected with cloths  wet with water as warm
 as can be borne, and ponr  hot water upon the
 part until the muscles relax snfficiently.  In
 this way a bone may be set with your thumb
 and finger,  and with very little tronble  to the
 operator, or pain to the patient; whilst by the
 oommon method it would require  from two to
 six men, causing the most exeruciating pain
 to the patient.  The same method may be
 resorted to in midwifery or childbed delivery,
 by taking the medicine as  afórese id, and ncar
 the time of delivery let the patient drinkfree-
 ly of raspberry-leaf tea with a portion of eme-
 tic number  two capsitíum (see my Guide to
 Health,) which will  hasten  or delay the de-
livery  as nature requires; then  put several
diapers or cloths in a kettle of hot water and
 have everything ready  that  no  time may bo 
Patents granted—Continué
Ñames of paténteos.
Samuel  Thompson—
  continued   -
Re.'iidcuce.
Boston, Mass.
Dato ef patent:;.    Ñames of medicines.
Míy  6, 1836
Medicine, botanic
Ingredients, mode of compounding, diseases for
 which it is alleged the medicines are remedies.
lost; when the  pain is approaching,  apply a
cloth as hot as can be borne to slack the mus-
cles as before described, which will abate the
pain; as soon as the pain returns change the
cloth for another hot one; this will  perform
that which nature or her pains are striving to
accomplish; and by this mode at least thres-
fourths of the strength of the suffering patient
can be preserved, so much required at  this
critica) pe*iod.   By maintaininguhe perspira-
tion  aftor delivery  the alarming complaints
incident in such cases will be prevented.  The
patient will be soon restored to her strength
and vigor.  In this way the  husband  can  at-
tend to his wife, and she to her neighbor until
experience shall preciado  the necessity  of
science.   Anti-dyspeptic conserve prepara-
tion.—Take one pound of the l'resh blossoms
of the hollyhock, or of the dry ones moistened
to the  same oonsisteney of the groen; pound
them well together in amortar; then add four
pounds of white sugar; pound until a pastéis
formed; then knead  or work in with a pestle
the following powder  made fine: namely, two
pounds of poplar bark, half a pound of golden
seal, half pound of bitter herb, (balmony,) half
pound  of  cloves, two pounds  of  ginger,  half
pound of fine slippery-elm bark, half  pound of
capsicum; when it becomes ofthe consisteney
of dough, then add one-quarter ounce oil of pen-
nyroyal well mixed, thus form it into a loaf to
dry or  form it into pills.  A piece of the loaf 
carritd ¡n the pocket, and used as a substitute
for tobáceo,  which may be swallowed with
the saliva, instead of spitting  it off. as in the
use  of  that  pernicious  weed,  tobáceo—the
l'ormer will invigorate whilst  the  latter will
debilítate the system—it will  make  persons
fleshy and strong, instead of lean and weak;
it  is a powerful anti-dyspeptic agent; it may
be carried in  a box or paper and used instead
of tpbacco.   The  spring  is the best timo to
try the beneficial eífectsof this medicine, when
the weather is becoming warm, persons faint,
the digestión  poor and the body cold for want
of food and digestivo  powers  to consume it.
When this medicine is used the dyspepsia will
ceaso because the food is digested or consum-
ed like the tire in  the  grate which keeps  up
that heat on which the fire in  the  grate and
the  life in the body depeuds.   Here  is the
cause of consumption, and there the cure for
it.   Anti-dyspeptic restorative.—Tako of the
bark of the quaking asp, five pounds; of golden
seal, two pounds;  of bitter herb, one pound;
urnbril, one pound; "loves,one pound; unicorn,
one pound; cinnamou,  one pound; ginger, two
pounds;  capsicum. one  pound; and   fifteen
pounds  of whíte sugar,  all made  fine,  and
mixed  well   together,  and put up  for use.
Dose: one ounce of the powder to one quart of
hot water, or a tea spoonful in  a  tnmbler of
hot water, sweetened; this is the best mode of
using it.  For wine bitters, one ounce of the
powder in a common junk bottle, scalded in a
half pint of hot water; then lili  the bottle with
the best sweet Malaga wine, and sugar at dis-
cretion.   A syrup  for  relax or  summer com-
plaints.—Take one pound of poplar bark;  one
pound of black cherry  bark,of the green root,
one pound of  bay berry; half a pound of golden
seal; half a pound of hops; boíl and strain off
eight gallous; then add twenty-five pounds of 
Patents granted-  -Conti
Ñames of patentees.	Residcnce.	Date of patents.	Ñames of modicines.
Samuel Thompson— continued -David Holbroók Horton Howard	Boston, Mass. Onondaga co., N. Y. Columbus, Ohio	May 6, 1836 Mar. 28, 1814 Aug. 25, 1832 i	Medicine, botanic Medicine, canker drops. Medicine, compound tinc-ture of myrrh -
**.
Ingredients, mode of compoundinir, diseasos for
 wbich it is alleged the medicines are remedies.
   white sugar, scalded;  skim it; then add one
   pound of cloves when hot, and put i*, in a keg.
   Wben cool, add two gallons of improved rhou-
   matic drops.  Dose: for an adult, from a half
   to one wine glassful, and repeat at discretion
   lili cured.  Improved rheumatic drops.—Tako
   of  gum myrrh, one pound;  of golden  seal, a
   quarter of a pound; of bay berry, a quarter of   ¡¡¡0
   a poemd; capsicura, one ounce;  the -whole to    o
   be  put in one gallón of cherry high wines or    *p
   high-preof brandy, and let it be well  shaken
   together.  Dose: from ono to — tea spoonsfuls.    ^
                                                O

To prepare compound tincture of myrrh.—Take   O*
   of best myrrh twelve ounces, of capsicum (an-   íw
   num) two ounces, balsam of  fir (pinus balsa-
   mea) one ounce, nutmeg half an ounce, brandy
   one  gallón.   The solid  anieles are all to be
   finely pulverized and infused in the brandy for
   ten days in a hot sun  heat  and  often shaken,
   when it may be strained or filtered.  This is
   a powerful antiseptic,  and should be used in-
   ternally in all cases when mortification of any
   interna! part is apprehended, and in all putrid
   diseases.  It is also useful in cases of worms,
   pains in the stomach,' colic, headache, &c.
   Dose from one to four teaspoons full, or even
   more,  if necessary.  It is  highly valuable to
   wash and cleanse oíd  foul uleers, which  are
   obstínate  to heal, likewise  to bathe fresh
   woqndl and  bruises.   Taken intemally, and 
Elizabeth Stoy, ex'x
  of Wm. Stoy

Jacob Houck
Anthony Hunn. sen. ■
Horton Howard
Gideon Jaques
Silas T. Thurman
Lebanon,  Penn.

Baltimore, Md.
Lancaster, Ky.
Columbus, Ohio
Wilmington, Del.
Lincoln, Ky.
June  9, 1809

Oct. 25, 1832
Aug. 12, 1833
Aug. 25, 1832
July 16, 1824
Jaly 23, 1841
Medicine,  cure for  the
 bite of a mad dog.
Medicine, cure for cholera
     do           do
Medicine, diaphoretic or
 sweating powders
Medicine for scrofula, &c.
Medicine  for  the  treat-
 ment of syphilis, &c.   -
Not restored
 i    do

Restored
Not restored
the parts affected batbed externally with this
tincture. it often relieves rheumatic aflections
and other pains, &c.
To prepare diaphoretic  or sweating powders, to
   be used in ordinary cases of slight indisposi-
   tion, and in all cases where it is necessary to
   produce perspiration.—Take one pound each
   of butterfly root, (asclepias tuberosa,) barkof
   the root of bayberry. (marica cerífera,) gin-
   ger, four ounces each of sasafras, bark of the
   root,  (lanus sasaffas,) colic root, (liatrit
   dubia,) two ounces each of  cloves and cay-
   enne, all finely pulverized and sifted through
   a fine seive, and well  mixed.  Dose for an
   adult one teaspoon full in hot water, sweet-
   ened, if  most  agreeable.  For  children  the
   dose must be  proportionately less, and, to
   make it  more  agreeable creara or milk may
   be added as well as  sugar.   This compound
   combines both stimulent and tonic medicines ;
   the one increases the vital  forcé, the other re-
   stores the tone of  the  organs.  It  equalizes
   the circulation of the fluids, and thereby  tends,
   in a high degroe to the removal of pain, &c5
   and the staying of floodings.


Used in the treatment  ol pox or syphilis, lúes go-
   norrhoea, buboes, gleet, and all other syphihtic
   diseases and aflections  of any and  every kind
   whatever in males or  females ; also, in  the
   treatment of lucorrhcea, whites, or flúor  albus
   in females.  lst. Takeof poke root, green,
   twelvo pounds,  out the  samo in small pieees
   so as to sepárate all the.rotten  or  defectivo
V


 O
w 
Patents granted—Con ti
Ñames of paténteos.	Residence.	Date of patents.	Ñames of medicines.
Silas T. Thurman -	Lincoln, Ky.	July 23, 1S41	Medicine for the treat-ment of syphilis, &c.
	k 1		f
	\		
	1	'	■¡
			-
Ingredients, mode of compounding, diseases for
 which it is alleged the medicines are remedies
 parts. clean all well before using any, (I will
 here  remarle that all roots are  be ti er in the
 fall or winter ihan  any other time,) put the
 twelvc pounds of clean root  as  aforesaid in a
 kettle with sixteen gallons, and boil the same
 down to half a galíon.  I then  let roots  and
 water remaiu together until it  gets cold.  I
 then  press the roots so as to get  all the sub-
 stance out of  them ;  I then strain tt and  let
,it stand, and commence  the other portion of
 my tea or  compound ; for which I  take, in the
 second part, sarsaparilla 7 onnces, when dry,
 then  take  half the sarsaparilla  and put in
 three pints of good whiskey or  apple brandy,
 and let it stand until it extracts all t he strength
 from  it; then take twelve ounces of cedar topa
 and split the largest branches very small, and
 then  put the  cedar tops, the other half of the
 sarsaparilla, six ounces of running briar roots,
 when green ; in that state they are preferable ;
 rattleweed,four ounces of the root; half pound
 of sumach branches; these last five ingredi
 ents  I put in  a sixteen-gallon kettle  full of
 water, and boil down slowly to hall  a gallón,
 (the  cedar, I would here  remark, I don't put
 in  until  it is boiled about half down  as  the
 strength of the cedar tops incline to evapó-
 rate,) strain tbis and let  it cool, then mix the
 poke root  tea  and this last-nentioned tea to-
 gether, then pour off" the three  pints of whis-
 key which was in the first hall of the sarsa-
 parilla in with the whole compound ;  it is then 
K)
Jol.u J. Oelli£
Waynesborougb, Pa,
Oct. 28, 1837
Medicine, worm destroy-
 ing .   -       -
 fit. for use, but every time before  using shake
 it well.  In cases of pox or syphilis take each
 night and morning two and a quarter drachms
 of sulphur.  In no other disease  it is' neces-
 sary the patient should keep the bowels open
 gently with  common epsom salts, and keep
 free  from  exposure  or damp weather.   The
 patient  will take every  morning, noon,  and
 night  three  ouoces  at a time  of the tea or
 compound.   Al'ter the patient commences and
 the bowels properly opened, they must get
 bled every few days, until the blood becomes
 of a puré or natural color.  The aflected parts
 in all diseases should be washed in weak snds
 at least  three times a day, so as ncver to let
 any of the virulent matter reniain long at any
 time ; but the whites in females should  al way s
 be washed  in cold water, and  notbing else,
 also in cases of gleet;  but in both tlie last-
 mentioned diseases the tea is  to be used as
 above described in any common case of all the
 above-described  diseases.   Ten  or  twelve
 days will effect a perfect  cure, uuless calomel
 has  been taken ; then it will  require  longer,
 and it will leave the  constitution unhurt.  Cal-
 omel is  prohibited in all cases whatever and
 invariably, but in cases of pox the ulcers must
 be greased every time after  washing as above
 stated, and  wiped dry and annointed with red
 precipítate.

roportion of the compound sulficient to  fill an
 ounce vial.—Oil of tansey ten drops,  tincture
 of fox glove twelve drops, oil of  anniseed ten
 drops, oil of worm seed one scruple, compound
 tincture of male  l'ern fifteen drops, caster oil
 one ounce.   The above articles are to be well
 ¡ncorporated  together    A medicine  of my
 own  discovery to destroy the worms  of all
 kinds, from the  smallest  ascárides  to  the
 largest talnia or tape worm j it  is mild in its 
Patents granted—Conti
Ñames of patentees.
John J. Cellig
William Judkins
Nathan Shepherd
Elias Gilman
Wra. Wailer Gray
Residence.
Waynesborough, Pa.
Smith'field, Ohio
Belmont co., Ohio
Licking, Ohio
Date of patents
Richmond, Va.
Oct. 28, 1837
June 26, 1816
July  9, 1830
Mar. 31. 1836
Mar.  18, 1835
Ñames of medicines.
Medicine, worm  destroy-
 ing
Ointment
Ointment, (on Judkins's)
Ointment, for cáncer
Ointment,  cure  of  dis-
 eases   -      -
Ingredients, mode of compounding, diseases for
which it is alleged the medicines are remedies.
   operation, more pleasant to be taken  than
   other remedies, and has by experience proved
   to bs a certain cure.  A teaspoon full of  this
   medicine must be given to a child  every  two
   hours till  it operates.  To  an  adult half  a
   phial morning and evening.


Take of  sulphate  of  iron  finely pulverized and
   mutton tallow equal parts, mix by thoroughly
   grinding or working them together, so  as to
   form an ointment or plaister.  Method of using :
   Spread a necessary portion of the ointment on
   a piece of linen, and renew it as necessity
   may require—the caucer to  be  washed clean
   every time the  plaister is renewed alternately
   with  a decoction  of  spikenard  and tanners
  • ooze, and apply a small quantity  of strong de-
   coction  of yellow oak  bark every time a plais-
   ter  is put on ; also, a solution of one part pot-
   ash and four parts water, may be used as ne-
   cessity may require.

An ointment  for the cure of many  esternal dis-
   eases, viz : White  swellings, ulcers  of  long
   standing, tumors, eruptions, burns, and scalds,
   oíd  and fresh wounds, callous  and glandular
   swellings, &c.  Receipt and mode of prepar-
   ing the ointment:  One gallón cotton seed oil,
   one gallón linseed  oil, one  quart sweet oil,
   puré, one quart Canadá balsam, or oil of fir,
   ,iwo pounds of  mutton suet, one pound bees-
                      / 
wax, and five pounds sugar of lead.  The cot-
ton seed and linseed oils to be put into an iron
kettle sufficíently large to  hold fourteen or
fifteen gallóos ; tbe kettle to be swung on a
crane over a fire of charcoal in a composition
or other furnace, the  heat óf which may be
regulated by hoisting  or shutting  down the
drawer.  The oils should be slowly boiled or
simmered for five or six hours, but neVer so
much heated as to burn or destroy the gummy
substances.  Previous to introducing the sugar
of lead, however, the  heat of the oils should
be considerably increased until it will scorch
and  blacken tbe  feather, or parch  and burst
the bowl of a common goose quill very quickly.
In this stage of the oil the  lead may be intro-
duced after  being first  ground in a mortar of   £d
somekind as fine  as flour,if possible, and then   o
passed through a fine hair seive.  One person   *0
should stir the oils while another should throw
in the lead  in small quantities through a tin   ^
pot madelike a pepper pot.  After the  lead is   q
introduced, (which should require at least one
hour,) the  mutton suet and beeswax must   {ji
be put in and  the stirring continued over a   $£)
modérate fire one half. hour longer.  When
the heat is great and the lead introduced, it is
sometimes difficult to keep the oils within theg
kettle ;  therefore, by means  of a crane, the
kettle may  be  very promptly removed from
the fire,  and  if  necessary the  oils may be
dipped out with  an  iron ladle and  put into
large earthen or crockery pans, and when the
heat diminishes or agitation subsides, the oils
from the  pans may be returned to the kettle,
and the stirring continued until the  process is
completed.   After this work is done take the
kettle down, let  the materials get somewhat
cool, and then pour the  sweet oil and Canadá
balsam  (mixed together) into the  ointment,
taking care not to let the heat be so great as   H-» 
Patents granted —Conti
Ñames of patentees.	Residence. Iklfa	Date of patents.	Ñames of medicines.
Win. Wallor rGray— continued -AVilliam W. lülcy -Jacob Houck »	Richmond, Va. Manslield, Ohio Baltimore, Md.	Mar. 18, 1835 Jan. 31, 1844 ¡May 9, 1833	jOintment, cure of disoases Ointment for piles

nued.
10
Ingredients,  mode of compounding, diseases for
 which it is alleged tho medicines are remedies.
   to make these last-mentioned ingredients evap-
   órate.   This  completes the whole prooess.
   The ointment should then be dipped out of the
   kettle, strained  through a fine wire sifter into
   crockery or fire-proof pans, and there remain
   until the day following, when  it may be re-
   warmed And  made sufficiéntly  thin to be put    ..
   into pots by means of a tin cup with a lip or    ^
   spout.  The pots should be well corked  and    O
   sealed, or the ointment will work out through   ^P
   every  aperture.   The cork should never pene-    .^
   trate  the mouth,of the pot so  far as to touch    5^
   or press upon the ointment. The tin pot men-    O
   tioned above should be made large  enough to
   contain a pint, and the holes in the top made    Ot
   as small as that of a pepper pot.                t^S
Take of the oream of sulphur two ounces. of pow-
   dered nutgalls one ounce, of  powdered opium.
   one grain,  and mix them  intimately, adding
   lard enough to  give it a  proper consisteney
   for ointment, mixing  it thoroughly, which is
   to be applied  to the parts affected as often as
   twice every twenty-four hours, until a cure is
   effected.
Take twenty-five gallonsof rye whiskey, to which
   add twenty-five pounds of gum  guac. one hun-
   dred  and fifty pounds of sugar, one pound of
   oil of juniper, and five ounces of oil of lemon ;
   incorpórate these well together, then bottle
   the mixture,  and it will be fit  for use.-This
   medicine is an effectual cure for the following
   diseases : Dyspepsia, loss of appetite, indiges'- 
Samuel Cooley
John Hawks -
Benjamín Duvall
Thomas H. Ranson
Thomas H. Ranson
George Smith
J. C. M. Brockway
Samuel Lee, jr.
Samuel H. P.  Lee
Samuel Lee  -

Samuel H. P.  Lee
Daniel  Coit
David  Coit
George B. Dexter
Ezra Deane  -
Ezra Deane  -
John J. Oellig
Connecticut -       .  June  6
Connecticut -\     -  Dec. 14
Virginia    -       .  May  3
Connecticut -       -  July  24
Connecticut -       -  April  4
New  York  -       -  Aug.  7
Lyme, Conn.       .  Mar. 13
Connecticut -       -  Apríl 30
Connecticut -       -  June 26
New  London, Conn.  May 24

New  London, Conn. | Feb.  8
                   - | Oct.   5
New  York  -       -  June 17
Boston, Mass.      - ¡ Dec. 18
Biddeford, Mass.    -  Jan.  13
Bedeford. Maine    -  Feb.   2
Waynesburg, Pa.   -  Oct.  28
1798
1799
1797
18QB
1803
1821
1822
1796
1799
1810

1814
1803
1820
1805
1814
1828
183T
Pilis
Pilis
Pilis, anti-bilious
Pilis, anti-bilious
Pilis, anti-bilious
Pilis, anti-dyspeptic
Pilis, ahti-dispepüc
Pilis, bilious
Pilis, bilious
Pilis, bilious, (Lee's Wind
  ham)
Pilis, bilious, (Lfee's)
Pilis, family
Pili:
Pili
    , famiiy
    , rheumatic
Pilis, rheumatic
Pili;
Pi
. rheumatic
 and tonic, and ape
tion, inflaramation  of the stomach,  heartburn,
diarrhcea, dysentéry or  flux,  cholera morbus,
consumption, influenza, colds, coughs, inflam-
mation of the chest, palsy, gout, rneumatism,
inflamatory sore throat or quinsey, whooping
cough,  thrush  or  sore   mouth, putrid sore
throat, croup, inflammation of the heart, drop-
sy, rickets, diseases of the liver, jaundice, ob-
strncted and painful menstruation, difficultyof
inaking uriñe,  glaet,  hysterics,  nervous and
scrofulous aflections of the members and liga-
ments, mercurial and venereal diseases, ul-
cers, sores, aflections  of  the skin, and all dis-
eases arising from impure blood, &c.
The following is a compound for one hundred and
   fifty pills :  Cr.-b apple root  bark, one drachm
   and a half, rhubarb two  drachms, extract of
   hoarhound  twenty grains, sal. soda  two scru-
   pies, and castile soap sufíicient to make the
   above into a mass for pills.  I can confidently
   recommend  the above  pills in the various dis-
   eases hereafter named, namely :  All derange-
   ments of the stomach and bowels, as dyspepsia. 
Patents granted—Continúen1.
II
Ñames of patentees.
John J. Oellig—cont'd
Abel Broom  .
Reuben Wood
Joseph Meshcr

Elisha Smith -
Lemuel  Merritt  and
  S. Rogers  -

Joseph Utly  -
Samuel Pennington   -
Residence.
Waynesburg, Pa.
Date of patents.I    Ñames pf medicines.
Oct.  28, 1837
Pills, and tonic, and aperi-
  ent
Ingredients, mode of compounding, diseases for
 which it is alleíred the medicines are remedies.
Hudson, N. Y.     " : Oct.  17, 1804/ Rheumatic liniment
Centre Lisie, Broome i               j
 county, N. Y.    - j Feb.  20, 1836 | Sores, curing
Not restored
Philadelphiaj Pa.    - ' Jan.  16, 1816

New Brunswick, N.J.! Jan.  20, 1826
                    I
New York   -      - j Dec.  27, 1815

                   - , Nov.  15, 1817
Mount Pleasanl,  O. I July  30, 1829
Syphilis, &c, medicine for
 the cure of
Tincture  for curing corns

Toothache,  relieving by
 steam
Toothache remedy
Toothache specific
in its diflerent degrees, by removing the sour-
ness and costiveness so frequent in symptoms
of dyspeptic persons, functional derangement
of the liver, sick headache, cardialgía or  neu-
ralgia  facier-ehronic rheuraatisms,  tic dolo-
reux, ineipient consumptions, epilepsia, palpi-
tation of the heart, derangement. or suspensión
of the menses, hysteria  melancholia, nervous
convulsions, delirium tremens or manía a potu,
and in all cases of mania and nervous debility
occasioned  by the use of  drastic  piirgatives,
palsy, cramp of the stomach, podagra or gout,
and by their power give strength to weak oyes,
and restore hearing occasioned by debility.
'A wash for curing fever sores,  king's evil, and
  most kinds of oíd  sores."—Take two and a
  half drachms of blue  vi triol, four drachms of
  alum, six drachms of loaf sngar; dissolve them
  in one pint of  good vinegar,  and three table
  spoonsful of  honey, and the  mixture  is fit
  for use.
Not restored
   do
do
do
do
o
Ox 
Fetei  Faulknei
George Rogers
               i
Joseph Lehman
Charles McLane
Rockvillf, Pa,
Sept.  23, 1843
Northampton,  Mass.

Philadelphia, Pa.   -
Morgantown ~
Dec. 31, 1808

Aug. 11, 1807
Aug. 19, 1833
Vegetable elixir, for oure
 ofbronchitis
Vegetable  wash  for  the
 lungs
Vermifuge, preparing    >■
Worms, specific  -
Not restored
   do
   do
For the cure of bronchitis, sore throat, asthma,
   croup,  whooping  cough. dyspepsia.—Take
   two pounds of sweet apple tree  bark, dried,
   and boil the same in six gallons of sbft water,
   tíll reduced tó one gallón; then strain it. Add
   two and a half ounces of tartarized antimony,
   dissolved in a  quart  of  warm  water, four
   ounces of pulverized jalap, half a pound  of
   nitrato of potass, one pint of spirits of cam-
   phor, and half a pound of loaf  sugar.  The
   wholé to be well mixed together, and bottled
   for use.
O
•
43 
Rejected applir.ations for  patents.

Ñames of applicants. I      Residencí
Voorheis & Dunlap
J. C. M.  Van Burén
  and C. Kino'
John Sala
Pultney. N. Y.
New York
Cantón, Ohio
Date of appl¡ca-
     tión.
Ñames of medicines.
Ingredients, mode of compounding, diseases for which it is
          allesed the medicines are remedies.
March 2, 1837 ¡ Cáncer powder, vegetable
July   9, 1S37
Dec. 24, 183S
Aperient medicine
Elixir, vegetable
The anieles used in compounding  the vegetable cáncer powder
   are seven parts  of potash and one part of crocus martas.  It
   makes a compound that will destroy cancerous tumors.

Recipe.—Oil of crotón tiglium, eight drops; white sugar, three
   ounces,  six drachms; snper-carbonate of soda,  six drachms;
   oil of lemons, four drops; saturated tincture of the cucumber
   wood, four  drops.  Rub the  above into „a very fine powder,
   and  divide  it into  twelve equal parts.  Tartaric acid, six
   drachms.  Rub  this  into a  fine powder, and  divide it into
   twelve equal parts.
The following  ingredients, in the  annexed proportions, consti-
   tute  and make  said composition of matter: two ounces ex-
   tract of juglandis; one ounce  extract of  anthemidas;  two
   ounces extract taraxica;  two ounces extract of sarsaparilla;
   two  ounces extract of gíycyrrh; two ounces theriac; one  and
   a quarter ounce cahnella alba, (cortex;)  two  ounces^ radix
   rhei; two ounces semmi ani;  two ounces aloes, (sacration;)
   one and a quarter ounce  crocus, (Spanish;) one and a quar-
   ter ounce botetus;  one and a half ounce <rum myrrh, (opt;)
   four  pounds sachrura alb.; five  gallons diluted  alcohol.   Ma-
   cérate the extracts and  theriac in eijrht pounds of distilled
   or rain water for the term of five days in a sand bath or the
   sun;  at the  same time pulverizo the canella, rhei, ani, aloes,
   botetus, gum myrrh, and sacharum with the crocus, and mix
   it  with the   alcohol, and set  it in a sand  bath  or the sun for
   the same five days.   Then, at the end of the  five days, mix
   the whole together, and  shake it up frequently durin^ five
   days more, and at the cióse of the ten days, it will be tit for
   um;.  The medicine can be  taken with perfect safetv by all
   ages of persons, for the following diseases, to  wit: aflections
   ol the liver,dyspepsia. loss of appetite, indigestión, consurnp-
   tions, coughs, fever and a<rue,  dropsy, heartburn, diarrhcea,
 3
 (ti
*p


 O 
John W. Bule
Aurelius B.  Hull
James Hibbon
Silas Hawes
William Strain
Louisville, Ky
Utica. N. Y.
June  14, 1841
New York
Jamestown, Ohio
April 17, 18-16
Mar.   5, 1847
Rheumatic liniment
Capsules, vermifuge
Nerve and bone liniment
Sept.  14, 1846
Medicine for cure of flesh
 wounds -
Colurnbus, Ohio     -   Sept.  15, 1847  Medical compound
   cholic, weakness of the body, palpitation of the heart, aflec-
   tions of the skin, and all diseases arising from impure blood,
   and is a valuable medicine in all complaints of female weak-
   ness, and when there is any irregularity arisimr from debility.
The following is a reeipe for making Doctor J. W. Bute's rheu-
   matic  liniment,  for the cure of rheumatism, gout, king's
   evil, scrofula, painful diseases of the spine, strains. bruises,
   criclc in the neck, swellings in the joints or bones, from the
   abuse of mercury, wind galls, strains, cuts. saddle galls, or
   bruises on horses, &c, 8tc.   R.  spirits terebinth, one ounce;
   beef's  gall,  one ounce;  spirits of  camphor,  one o unge;
   sweetoil,  one ounce;  carbonate of  ammonia, one drachm;
   oil of amber, one.ounce; oil of juniper, one drachm; mix; Ft,
   liniment.
Enclosinü within a coating of gelatine or gum, (called capsules,)
   a liquid medicine denominated vermifuge, or worm specific,
   or worm destroyingdrops, and all oleaginous  (or otherwise)     £^
   compositions to destroy worms.                               <^
The following is a full and exact  descriptíon of articles com-    i-q
   posing the same and  their  proportions, that, when  mixed,
   i'orms the most invaluable liniment, as follows : One pound     g
   of  oil  of orreganum,  puré;  one pound of rosemary,~pure;     ^
   two pounds of olive or  sweet oil ;  half a  pound of tincture
   pf cantharides ; half a pound of spirits of  turpentine;  one     ^j,
    ounce  of spirits  of camphor, (or  one ounce of gum cara-     ^5
    phor,  dissolved  in  alcohol,  to  every  gullon  of  the above
   mixture.)  For  the  cure  of scrofula,  inflammat.ion  of the
   glands, inflammatory rheumatism, and chronic rheumatism,
    wounds, bruises,  scalds, sprains, sore eyes, &c.

A vegetable extract, for  speedily hoaling fbsh  wounds in  the
    flesh of man or animáis ; also,  scalds, burns, sore nipple;.,
    &c.  The  extract is obtaíned by distilling the bark, twigs,
    leaves, and berries of the common witch hazel, in the usual
    mode  of distillation,  and  may be preserved any length ol
    tino in well corked bottles.
A new and improved  mode  of curing  levéis and cliills,  and
    every  varietyof chills and agües, with levéis, and intermi.t-
    tent fevers  The following  being the proper qnantities in
    proportion to each other, to  complete  the medicine : Take,
    say,  one tbird of an  ounce of quinine ; one and  a  hall     ^ 
Rfjected applications for paten
Ñames ol  applicants.       Rcsidencc.
William Strain—cont'd Columbus, Ohio
Jacob H. Sutfield    -  Dover, Mn
Charles A, Smith
Jairus E. Stron:
Lebanon,  Me
Date of appli-
    cation.
Ñames of medicines.
Sept.  15, 1847  Medical compound
¡Mar.  21. 1846 ¡ Composition, curing chills
              !  and fever
Providence, R. I.   -  June  28,  1845
Feb.  10, 1846
Compound vegetable  pa-
        naoea.
s—Continued.
Ingredients, modo of compounding,  diseases for which it is
            alleged the medicines are remedies.
   ounces of  cayenne pepper ;  one ounce of crystalized citric
   acid ;  and one gallón of whiskey.  I place the wbole  in a
 '  corked bottle.  or  any other  proper and  convenient vessel,
   and then sliake the vessel well until  the whole óontents are
   properly mixed.   After shaking, I set the vessel contnining
   the whole  awaj/and let it rernain undis'urbed twelve hours, or
   until the contents  are well  settled, ihen the liquor is clrawn
   off from the sediment  which settles in the  bottom.  The
   liquor drawn off is the  medicine.

My invention  consists of six diñerent ingredients, compounded
   together and made into pills.  These ingredients are as fol-
   lows, viz : An  equal quantity of calóme!,  aloes, gum myrrh,
   piperine, quinine,  and scamroony.
I will proceed to describe the  manner in which said medicine is
   made : I take  alum and melt it  in an iron vessel over achar-
   coal fire, after which it is cooled, v.nd then  pulverized.   I
   then take  copperas, and dry it  in a similar vessel  over the
   fire, and when perfectly dried and cooléd, is pulverised as the
   alum; bole armenian and  flour of sulphur, equal  quantites
   of each, and mix them well together.

For curincr and relieving diseases, etc.,  such as the follow¿ag,
   viz: Burns, scalds, and  freezes  ; rheumatics ; coughs, aris-
   ing from irritation or inflammation of the throat; sore and
   and inflamed  eyes ; toothache ;  earache ;  tic dolourjux ;
   pain in the stomach and bowels : lameness  and weakness of
   the back,  side and chest  ;  swelling and weakness  of the
   joints ; pain in and wasting of the limbs ; spinal  and  hip
   complaints ; lockjaw ;  ringworms ;  blood  blisters ; bruises ;
   blisters and sores caused by Iriction ; sprains ; poison,  from
   ivy and dogwood ;  chilblains ; cold extremities ;  cramps ; 
Elizabeth  Spann
Elizabeth Spann
Richard Thurston
Edgefield, S. C.
Edgefield, S. C.
Crawford,  Ark.
June  29, 1841
June  29,  .1841
Anti-bilious pills -
Agüe, &c, pills
Anti-fever pills
   bronchial  and asthmatic  complaints, and swelling of the
   tonsils.  To enable others skilled in the art, to make and use
   my invention,  I  w41l  proceed to describe the mode of pre-
   paring and applying it :  1 take  alcohol, at least eighty per
   cent., six quarts ;  gum camphor, twelve  ounces ; put the
   gum into a part of  the  alcohol  and let it  remain ten or
   twelve days, shaking it frequently.  Then take six ounces
   of lobelia inflata, (the seeds ;) six ounces African  cayenne,
   and eight ounces American or  imported valerian; pulverizo
   these separately and put them into the remaining portion of
   alcohol, and let it,  remain ten or twelve days,  ihen strain
   and put it with the former ; twelve ounces of  bayberry bark,
   (of the root,)  and boil it. in  water  lili  the  strength  i» ob-
   lained;  then  strain  and boil down to  the  consistency of
   fhin molasses, and and as before.   Then  add to this. four
   ounces of oil of spearmint ; four ounces of  oil of cedar ; four
   ounces of oil of cloves ; four ounces of oil of sassafras ; three
   onnces of oil of cinnamon ; one ounce of spirits turpentine ;
   two ounces of oil of wormwood ;  four ounces of oil of henv
   lock ; one ounce of oil of tansey ; four ounces of oil of fir;
   three ounces of oil of rosemary ;  this compound is  anodyne,
   antiphlogistic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, stim-
   ulating, and strengthening.
The following are the  ingredients thereof, viz : Pulv. gum scam-
   mony one hundred  and forty-four grains,  aloej* one hnndred
   and forty-four grains, rad. rhei one hundred  and  forty-four
   grains, sap venet twenty grains, carb. soda§  twenty grains,
   ol.  caryophil sixteen  guttis, tr.  aloes sulficient to form a
   mass, to be dividcd into one hundred and forty-four pills.

The following are the ingredients, viz : Pulv. gum  opii sixty-
   four grains, pulv. capsici African one  hundred  and ninety-two
   grains, pulv. colombo sixty-four  grains, syrup or  mucilage
   sufficient to forfi a mass to be divided into one hundred and
   twenty-eight pills.

Prescription thereo* viz : Sulph. quinine three ounces, rad. rhei
   pulveris  three ounces,  piperinal pnral  one  ounce, acidura
   sulphuriam  dilutum  (quantum  suffieit)  forman  massam.
   Make the above recipe into pills of  three and a half grains
   each. 
Rejected  applications for paten
Ñames of applicants.       Rcsidcnce
Wm.  W. Wood     -   Benton, Miss.
Wm. W. Wood     -  Benton, Miss.



Wm. B. Willianison -  Polk, Texas
fíate, of appli-     Ñames of medicine».
  cations.
Mar.  31, 1M7  Fever and agüe pill
Dec.  20, 1847  Tonic and diuretic pills  -
July  29, 1846  Cancers, cure of -
—Continúen.
Ingredients, mode of compounding, diseases for which it is
          alleged the medicines are remedies.
The componen! pfcrts of " Wood's agüe and fever pills" are a?
   I'ollows, to wit. :  Two grains quinine, one grain carbonato
   soda, one grain carbonate iron, one drop oil of sassafras, and
   one grain capsicum  <ium, gum arabio to mix the pills. The
   capsicum gum  is made as lollows, to wit :  The  capsicum
   must be put into an iron vessel and in  warm  water, tbere to
   be lel't for four days, at the end of which time the same must
   be strained, and then boiled down to a gum.
The nature of my invention consists of the  following ingredi-
   ents, lo wit: Carbonate of iron one grain, snper. carbonata
   of soda one  grain, bulb. colchicum  one  grain, aloes half
   a grain, and gum resin of white pine three grains.
Take a handful of  sheep sorrel, wrap it in three thicknesses of
   cabbage leaves, well secured  by strings,,and  then  roast it
   well in hot embers,  but not so as to burn it. ;  then scrapc it
,  (tbe sheep sorrel)  fine, and  apply it  so  as  to completely
   cover the part eüecied ; then  secure it well by bandage, and
   let it remain  for eight  or ten  hours, then  remove and wash
   the part aifected with a solution of  water and castile soap :
   then well  sprinkle the  parts  affected  with pulverized  burnt
   alum ;  then place a fine Unen cloth over the alum, and upon
   that place  a  poultice of slippery elm  or lyme  bark, pulver-
   ized fine.   Repeat this application for several days, which
   will, if a cáncer wart,  remove by taking it out atibe roots.
   This is an effectual  cure for cáncer wTarts.  For the cure of
   cáncer st.rictly so called, it may be necessary to continué it
   for a fortnight  by altérnate  applications of  the sorrel and
   burnt alum and  poultice.—For salve to  hea¡ the  wound.
   Take the  resin (rosin) root,  bruise it, and boil it in water,
   then boil the water down to a gura ;  then put a small  por
   tion of beeswax and a portion of turpentine from a pine tree,
   and  also a portion of  balsam fir, simmer them all, and  stir
   them over a slow fire so as<to .mix  well. 
H. M. Turner
Benj. Wrigglcsworth
Henry J. Ho'.mcs
John E. JVÍcCluro
Cumberland, N. C.  -  Aug.   4, 1845  Medicine,  cure of chilla
                                      and fever
Lexington, Ky.
Spring Ridge, Miss.
Indianapolis, Ind.
Oct. 20, 1845
Sept.   8, 1847
March 8, 1848
Compound medicine
Improved pill
Preparation, cure of  go-
 norrhcea
. /
Take of sulphas quinnea  twcnty-four  grains, do cupri three
   grains, do morphia one and a half grains, extract gentiana
   twenty-four grains, and compound and manufacture them in
   the usual manner into twelve pills, one of which constitutes
   a dose for an adult, to be taken any time dunng the absence
   of the fever. one pill every three hours.
Medicines in the form of  pills for  the more certain and eflec-
   tual cure of agüe, and fever or intermittent  fever.—R. Do-
   ver's powders  ij.  ounce. sulphate quinine j. ounce, extract
   of gentian j. ounce and ij. drachms, extract of taraxicum ij.
   drachms, oil of 6asafras or carni  ij.  drachms, alcohol half
   ounce. Mix the Dover's powders and quinine well together,
   and  then add  the  extracts, and after rubbing well add the
   oil dissolved in the alcohol.
Improved pill for  the disease known  as dysmanorrhea or pain-
   ful menstruation.—Rx. gum camphor twoand a half drachms,
   extract of belladona one scruple, sulph. quinine one scruple,
   flour one scruple, aqua q.  s. to  make mass.   Divide into 80
   pills.

Preparation  for the cure of gonorrhoca, whites,  leucorrhoea or
   flúor albus, and for  all diseases of the genital organs.—Oil
   of cubebs three drachms, spirits nitre dulc. six drachms. bal-
   sam  copaiba one and a half ounces, simple syrup two ounces,
   compound spirits lavendula three drachms, tmc. cantharides
   one and a half ounces,  oil  balsam copaiba one and a  half
   drachms, theberiac  tinc. one and a half  drachms.   Dose, a
   tcaspoon  full three times a day. 
30                     Rep. No. 52.
  Your committee admit  altemative sentiraents of merriment and
sorrow on reading the above  coramunication  of the Commissioner
of Patents.  The merriment of him who  would cry over the mis-
fortunes and follies of his race, cannot  but  be  excited  when  he
reads this record  of uncouth  ñames, incongruous compounds, and
incompatibIe*combinations, whilst the sadness of him, "who laughs
at lolly as it flies," will be provoked at the  consciousness  of im.«
position and injury to the ignorant and duped purchasers of these
nostrums.  The  oath prescribed  by  law, and  duly administered
to each  applicant for  a  patent,  is, that " his invention is new
and useful."  An examination of  the list will clearly exhibit per-
jury, most foul, on every page.  No combination  there "new"  is
"useful," and  no "useful" combination is  "new."  Almost every
prescription combines  some  active known agent, disguised under
colors, and heralded with  a  ñame, in  many  instances, as uncouth
as it is insignificant or  false.   The more obscurity and unintelligi-
bility the better.   Your committee suggest that the present laws
be repealed, or some modification to prevent the perjury which has
heretofore followed the  administration  of  the  present  patent
system.
  Your committee regret to  say, that they  find  instances of men
having obtained patents who  were graduates of respectable  medi-
cal schools.  If these men possess  any skill or  knowledge, they
must have been indebted  for it to the open laborious examinations
of the medical  faculty.  The instances  are  rare, yet they  could
not escape our attention.  For more than two thousand years, the
minds of  men  have been. directed to means  for the prolongation
of life, the  preservation of health, and the destruction of pain and
suflfering.  Minds of the  most enlarged capacity have ransacked the
various kingdoms of nature, and from her secretarcana have extorted
tribute to pour in the lap of  science.   Whenever  a  discovery was
made, with hasie and alacrity it was given  to  the profession and
the public.  Take  but one  example.  The  ñame  of Jenner, the
highest on the roll of fame, would not have  occupied  that  proud
position, had he have kept his discovery a secret.   He saw a world
in suíFering  and sorrow.  No tick of the clock, but some one was
ushered inlo éternity by that scourge of his race—small pox. With
a perseverance that demanded success, for thirty  years he labored
with this  one,  this all-absorbing  desire—the discovery of  a pre-
ventive;  and, when labor and patience covered him with success,
he proclaimed  it as with "trumpet tongues."  Shame on one whose
intelligence gives him rank in his profession and character in com-
munity,  whose  avarice  and  cupidity  overcomes  his  duty, and
whose selfishness knows no brotherhood in his profession or insuf-
fering mankind.  Whenee  did  he  derive the  knowledge   which
prompted the discovery he patents?  not from secret, patent inven-
tions.  He had roamed through the world of knowledge, and had
drank at  the fountain of other men's wisdom.  He reads their pub-
lished records,  mounts on their wings, and, insUad of soaring higher
and  adding  additional  blessings  to his  fellow  men, he records
his  knowledge upon parchment, asks the  endorsement  of the 
Rep. No. 52.                        31
 government, and enforces by  law  any  violation of rio-hts  thus
 vested.  Instead of bles^ing their species, and elevatino- a profes-
 sion they should foster and defend as their honor  and °their  life
 they degrade themselves  and injure the fair  fame  and increasing
 usefulness of the science  of healing.
   Your committee are awar'e that this communication  is addressed
 to men whose  knowledge of medicine  does not extend beyond ge-
 neral reading, or the  sorrowful  reminiscences of past personal suf-
 ferings and  illness.   They appreciate the difficulty of clothing  a
 scientific subject in popular  language, yet believe  they will be en-
 abled  to illustrate that patent medicines inflict on the community  a
 variety  of  evils. First,  they are  so indis criminalely  used, as to
 produce certain and appreciable mischief.  There  is no specific in
 medicine, that  is, there is no one agent or combination of agents,
 which will  cure any one  disease, in  all ages, in both  sexes, in all
 constitutions, and in all the  different stages of attack.   Science ab-
 hors a specific^  as does nature a vacuum.  To lay down a priori a
 certain remedy for any one affection, is an obvious contradiction
 of a fundamental principie of all scientific  practice.  Medicines are
 relatiye agents;  that is, they opérate curatively, by a judicious ap-
 plication of them to a morbid  condition,  regulated by the  symp-
 toms, as these  vary  from hour to  hour.  All  patent medicines are
 heralded as catholicons, and  are prescribed to cure diseases as pp-
 posite as virtue  and vice.  If the article  is  active, its indiscrimi-
 nate use  is  fraught with very great evil; if inert, it will occupy the
 room  of  eificient and  judiciously  applied methods of cure.   Dis-
 eases, curable  in their early stages, become  determinedly fatal if
 left uncontrolled.  There is in all organized bodies a destructive
 principie as well as a conservative principie.   Disease  is the usurp-
 ed  control  of  the destructive principie, and  will  assuredly prove
 ultimately triumphant over the  conservative guardián power of the
 system, unle'ss judicious medication is employed to check its career.
    An  evil both medical and moral, inflicted by patent medicines, is
 the extravagant laudation bestowed upon them by their vendors.  A
 well known remedy, such  as opium, is disguisedly united with others
 as  well  known, and  sold  as a new  remedy.  In order to insure the
 sale, most fulsome eulogy is heaped  upon it, and ignorance and
 credulity are thus luríjd  to a ready employment and confidence in
 the compound.   Man's mind is so  constituted as to love mystery,
 especially when with  it   is associated  promises  of great benefit.
 The  public prints, with no  exception, publish  these promises and
 commendations.  The  annual fee  for publish'.ng  Biandreth's  pills
 has amounted  to one  hundred thousand dollars.  Morrisoa  paid
 more  than twice as much  for the advertisement of his  nt ver dying
 Hygeine.   Morrison is foigotten and Brandreth is  on the high road
 to  the same distination.   T. W. Conway, from the lowest obscuri-
 ty, became  worth millions from the sale of his nostrums, and  rodé
 in  triumph  through the streets  of Boston  in his coach and six.  A
 stable boy  in  New  York  was enrolled  amongst the wealíhiest in
 Philadelphia by the sale  of a panacea which contains both mercury
- and arsenic.  Innumerable instances similar could  be adduced. 
32                      Rep. No. 52.

  Statements are made in the  public prints too startling for cre-
dulity's self; certificates of cures of diseases diametncally opposite,
by the same agent are abundant; the sacred desk has found its sanc-
tGary invaded  and  its garments polluted  by the  heralding of
quackery.  Instead of proclaiming tht sacred truth "for the healing
of the nations," we find the ñames of numerous divines attacned to
certificates of cures and recommendations to popular favor oí  in-
numerable and dangerous patent medicines.  Incurable  diseases,
such  as consumption, are in an especial degree the basis on which
*uch  vile tampering is  made to display its fantastic and injurious
tricks, and from the poor victims  an  abundant and  rich harvest is
reaped.  Large sums are  annually expended to fill  the corrers oí
the venders, by exciting the  imagination  with these  bold  aver-
ments of cures  by respectable divines, and many persons are known,
by  these impositions, to expend their entire means  of  hving.   The
medical  profession suffer  directly and  indirectly by these means.
Government should not impede, by any direct action, the  progress
of  sciei.ce in  any of its  departments.  If positive  enactments for
the protection  oí science  is not deemed  advisable, surely all  acts
interfering with its benefits andNdiss,emination should  be refrained.
from.  By  patenting  a  medicine  government assumes a position
hostile to  the  science of healing.  In  plain terms, by  this act, it
savs: "Let science be thrust aside, for we, by sokmn legislation,
authorize the vender to offer the nostrum, with our recommenda-
tion  affix^d to his patent  to cure, without scientific investigation
into the nature and seat  of the disease, and  without any elabórate
exercise of the mind-in  making up its conclusions, in  every case
and tvery  varying  phase."
   Anatomy, physiology, pathology, and  general  therapeutics? are
all thrust  aside, and  their  spccial and minute cultivation are at
once and forever nullified.
  Government thus lends its  power and  influence  directly  in the
perpetratiorvof this fraud, as the empowering of a nostrum vender to
sel) under its sanction, evinces  that ín order to give it notoriety the
imprimature of legislation had  to  be  secured.   If such medicines
were to  stand  on their  own  merita, aside from  adventitious aid,
 they \vou.ld soon go down to the  "tomb of the Capulets."
   The increase oí  empiricism  and of patent  medicines  within the
 19th  century, is an evil  over which  the friends of  sciei¿ce and hu-
manity can never cease to mourn.   During  the past  century, but
 very few were known  or used,  and throughout the  continent oí Eu-
rope they  are forbidden.  Happily for  us had a similar edict have
been early passed.  Such restrictioifs are deemed  by many anti-re-
publican—) et  such advócate quarantine, and other regulations for
the protection of the  community against contagious  diseases, yet
 forbid the passage of laws preventing  the  sale of poisons.  One
 reason of the  increase of patent  medicines,  is the rnischief done
by the indiscriminate and unjustifiable use and  abuse  of calomel
and  other mercurial  preparations.  This valuable medicine, which
has  snatched  thousands of  victims from an untimely  grave, we
doubt not, has been improperly administered  by physicians and 
                        Rep. No. 52.                     33

others,and its consequences have been deplorable.  The quack has
taken advantage of the prejudice against this  medicine, and  has
thrown  into  the market  his nostrum—which is promised not only
to eradicate mercury from the  system, but is a certain cure for all
other diseases.   The  hypocrisy and  deception of these promises
will be manifest when it  is shewn  that a majority of these agents
contain  mercury in  its various forms.  This is  certainly true with
regard to Lee's  pills, these have had the longest run of any patent
medicine, and are swallowed  eagerly by the greatest  enemies of
mercury; to Swaim's Panacea, containing mercury; to Keyser'a pills,
containing the  most powerful preparation of mercury;  to Ching's
wornvlbzenges,  which are filled  with calomel; and to a majority
of others.
  Mr Colton, in  his Four Years in Great Britain, says, " it is ascer-
tained that the  careless  and imperfect  manner of mixing  the in-
gredients of Morrison's pills.often leave the powerful agents in one
part of  the  mass—before being  made into pills; these kill those
who happen to have  a box  of that portion, while the rest  may be
swallowed with as much impunity as bits of dough from  the knead-
ing trough."
  Your  committee do not indulge the hope that the passage of the
law  recommended  by them will  prevent the  sale of secret nos-
trums, their  chief purpose is to free the  government from all par-
ticiparon in what they deem frauds upon the confidence and health
of the public.
3