PLEASE NOTICE ILLUSTRATIONS ON PAGE 17. 
THE 
PHOSPHATES IN NUTRITION 
AND TIIE MINERAL THEORY OF 
Consumption and lied Wasting Diseases, 
AN ENTIRELY NEW AND SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT, AS 
SUGGESTED BY THE OBSERVATIONS TD 
EXPERIMENTS OF 
M. F. ANDERSON, M. D„ 
LICENTIATE OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, EDINBURGH. — MEMBER ROYAL COLLEGE 
SURGEONS, ENGLAND. 
AS PRACTICALLY CARRIED OUT EfY 
Charles H. Phillips, 
Manufacturing Chemist, 
NEW YORK. 
NEW YORK: 
GEORGE F. NESBITT & CO., PRINTERS, 
Cor. Pearl and Pine Streets. 
1S83. THE 
PHOSPHATES IN NUTRITION. 
CHAPTER 1. 
RESULTS OF DR. M. F. ANDERSON’S EXPERIMENTS. 
Although up to the present day Consumption has 
proved intractable to almost every form of treatment, 
it has been and is a subject of universal interest. Its 
inception is so insidious, its advance so rapid, and its 
mortality in all classes and at all ages so great that its 
treatment must ever be of interest, and any research ir 
either the field of therapeutics or pathology, any experi- 
ments in chemistry or physiology that throw any light 
upon the subject should claim the attention of every 
thoughtful practitioner. Dr. M. F. Anderson, of Eng- 
land has recently published a book on the subject 
of “ Phosphates in Nutrition/’ a very able review of 
which may be found in the Edinburgh Medical Journal 
for November, 1878, and Brailhwaite$ Retrospect for 
January, 1879. 
In it he clearly sets forth the results of his experi- 
ments on the part the Phosphates play in causing and 
maintaining organic disease in the human system, and 2 
draws therefrom certain conclusions in regard to thera- 
peutics that are well worth a careful study. He main- 
tains that the inorganic ingredients of the blood and 
tissues have hitherto received too little attention at the 
hands of physicians. He believes that the only form in 
which Phosphorus is met with in the fluids or solids is as 
Phosphoric Acid, and that usually in the form of a Phos- 
phate. This is in direct opposition to the views and 
teachings of many chemists and physiologists, who main- 
tain that Phosphorus exists, as such, in various albumi- 
nous compounds, or in some other form than that of 
Phosphoric Acid. He further states as the results of 
his research, that in the blood and tissues these salts are 
always tribasic, having in addition in nervous tissue, 
Phosphoric Acid as a hydrate and in combination with 
the albuminous material of the same. 
The great point upon which the whole theory hinges 
is that these Phosphatic salts enter largely into and are 
necessary for the proper nutrition of vascular tissue, 
and that their presence may be demonstrated in the 
inner coats of the arteries and the whole structure of 
the capillaries. 
In confirmation of his views he goes on to show that 
organs will be rich in the Phosphates in exact proportion 
to their vascularity. The bones are of course an excep- 
tion, as the Phosphate of Lime is there simply for the 
purpose of giving strength, its presence being explained 
upon purely mechanical grounds. He cites tendons 
and ligaments as examples of low vascularity and pro- 
portionally low phosphatic presence, there being but a 
trace. 
Passing then to a discussion of the function of the 
arterial and venous radicles and the lymphatics, he de- 
monstrates very clearly the fact that they serve a double 
purpose, viz.: that of tissue renovators and builders and 
of scavengers or removers of waste materials, i. e., the 3 
results of tissue metamorphosis. Advancing with 
subject, he lays the primal, progressive and final danger 
in Phthisis at the door of these builders and renovators 
of tissue, showing that they erect almost nothing, and 
tear down much to supply material for combustion and 
the production of animal heat. He then makes applica- 
tion of his facts and reasoning to Consumption, Scurvy, 
Rickets and Cancer, in all of which he claims that 
the arterioles, capillaries and lymphatics are seriously 
affected by an absence of Phosphoric Acid and its salts: 
their own nutrition being below the normal, they are 
unable to carry on the reparative processes in a normal 
degree, and indeed turn upon and tear down the tissues 
that it is their function to nourish, to supply their own 
and the wants of the system. The evil is then two-fold ; 
(a) tissues that should be renovated are destroyed, and 
(b) the resulting effete material, tissue debris gradually 
collects in and about the cells until a thorough clogging 
of the machinery takes place and the vital chemistry of 
the part is wholly reversed or done away with. Fur- 
ther, the whole sjrstem is poisoned by this material and 
hectic and its fellow troubles result. 
In reference to Scurvy, Dr Anderson finds that the 
remedial power of lime or lemon juice in this disease 
lies in the Citric Acid which it contains, and that it acts 
thus bjr virtue of its power to render the insoluble phos- 
phates soluble. He says, “ The anti-scorbutic action 
of lemon juice is thus reduced to its citric acid, and the 
efficacj' of this depends on the conversion of insoluble 
phosphates into soluble for the formation of tissue phos- 
phates. He shows that while two samples of fresh meat 
yielded respectively .256 and .230 percent, of Phospho- 
ric acid, salt meat such as is used on ship-board had but 
.147 per cent, before soaking; the prolonged soaking 
which it got before use still further removing the soluble 
phosphates. 4 
Turning again to Consumption, Dr. Anderson says 
that this condition of rapid tissue destruction to supply 
material for combustion, and t>he maintenance of heat, 
is, in a certain measure, relieved by the judicious exhi- 
bition of Cod Liver Oil; but says that the resulting im- 
provement will not be permanent, and ascribes it to the 
absence of the proper form or amount of Phosphates in 
the food or medicine. As we all know, it is nonsensical to 
attempt to heal the lung lesion while the body is being 
cornumed. Once the general health improves, the pul- 
monary troubles begin to mend or remain stationar}^. 
That the tissues may cease to waste as rapidly as before 
the oil was given, does not prove that the oil will exert 
a curative effect. There is another block in the path : 
the results of tissue metamorphosis, that are interfering 
with local nutrition and poisoning the system. Plow 
shall we rid the tissues of this material ? Dalton*, in 
speaking of the Potassium and Sodium Phosphate, says: 
“ Of all the internal fluids, the most essential is the 
plasma of the blood, since it affords the materials of nu- 
trition for the entire system ; and its alkaline reaction, 
which is distinctly marked, has been found to be invari- 
ably present, not only in the human subject, but also in 
every species of animal in which it has been examined. 
“ This reaction of the blood is, moreover, necessary 
to life, since Bernardf has shown that if an injection of 
dilute acetic or lactic acid be made into the veins of the 
living animal, death always results before the point oi 
neutralization has been reached. 
“ The alkaline reaction of the blood plasma gives to 
this fluid its extraordinary capacity for dissolving Car- 
bonic Acid. According to Liebig, water, which holds 
in solution one percent, of Sodium Phosphate, is enabled 
* Human Physiology. Phila., 1875, p. 49. 
f Li<juides de l'Organisme, Paris, 1859, tome p. 41-- 5 
to absorb and retain twice its usual proportion of Car- 
bonic Acid; and other alkaline salts, as is well known, 
have a similar action upon this gas. Consequently, the 
blood, as it circulates among the tissues, rapidly absorbs 
from them the Carbonic Acid that has formed in their 
substance, and incessantly carries it away to be elimina- 
ted by the lungs. 
“ This important property of the circulating fluid de- 
pends upon its alkaline reaction. The alkalescence of 
the blood is due, in a great measure, to the alkalinephos- 
phates ;* which are present in human blood in the pro- 
portion of 0.67 part in one thousand parts.” 
The part which the Phosphates play in the blood is 
thus seen, and is a very important one, though probably 
secondary to its nutrient action on the capillaries. That 
retained products of decomposition often prove a source 
of great evil, is beyond question. Dr. T. Lauder Brun- 
tonf says; “The intercellular fluid, in which these pro- 
ducts (of decomposition or tissue waste) are contained, 
is absorbed with the general circulation by the veins 
and lymphatics. Unless some provision were made for 
its removal, it would soon accumulate in the blood and 
arrest the functional activity of the various tissues, be- 
ginning with, that most susceptible of all, the nervous 
tissue, causing death.” 
The doctor further states that, aside from their action 
on capillary nutrition, the Phosphates aid in the second- 
ary assimilation of the other materials of the ingesta. 
* The italics are ours. 
f Practitioner, Aug., 1878, p. 91. 6 
CHAPTER II. 
THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS FOR THE USE OF THE 
PHOSPHATES. 
Alkaline. 
j Lime Phosphate, Ca3 Ps Og 
( Magnesium Phosphate, Mg H P04 
Phosphates.. 
Sodium Phosphate, Na2 H P04 
Potassium Phosphate, K2 H P04 
Earthy. 
A careful review of the foregoing facts so ably set 
forth by Dr. Anderson in his valuable work, leads us at 
once to the conviction : 
1st. That the primal trouble in these diseases (Con- 
sumption, Scrofulosis, etc.) lies with the capillaries, 
which, by reason of a lack or total absence of the Phos- 
phates are unable to properly nourish the tissues. A 
rational treatment, therefore, must be that which sup- 
plies these salts in a palatable and easily assimilated 
form. 
2d. That a lack of these salts in the blood allows the 
accumulation of tissue detritus, and a gradual poisoning 
of the system, manifested by chills, hectic, and profuse 
night - sweats; these sweats and the diarrhoea still 
further impoverishing the blood in its much needed 
saline ingredients. 
The treatment of Consumption and diseases of like 
nature by the Phosphatic salts is by no means new, for 
the profession generally, following the lead of Dr. 
Churchill, have for some time been using the Hypo- 
phosphites of Lime and Soda. This preparation was 
first introduced in the Hospitals of Paris some thirty 
years ago. The results which were then and have since 
been attained, show that the doctor, although taking a 7 
step in advance, had not reached perfection, and it is 
nothing more than is reasonable that in the time that 
has elapsed some new preparation or modification, 
based on recent physiological and chemical discoveries, 
should improve upon and supersede it. The idea or 
theory on which this treatment is based is a correct 
one, but the application is faulty in two respects: 
1st. Instead of the Hypophosphites the Phosphates 
should be used ; and, 
2d. The bases should be of the kind and in about 
the proportion found in the food, have a relative pro- 
portion to the amount in the brain, muscles and nerves, 
and be given with the oil in an acid solution. 
We have already seen that Phosphorus exists in the 
system only as a tribasic phosphate,* nervous tissue 
having in addition Phosphoric Acid as a hydrate, and in 
union with the albuminous matter. The Phosphates 
are proximate principles of the body. Daltonf says, 
“ A proximate principle is properly defined to be any 
substance, whether simple or compound, chemically 
speaking, which exists under its own form, in the ani- 
mal fluid or solid, and which can be extracted by means 
which do not alter or destroy its chemical properties.” 
As Dr. Anderson claims, and others verify, the Phos- 
phates are the salts needed. The Hypophosphites are 
not found in the blood, tissues or excretions, and when 
given in this form Phosphoric Acid meets the indica- 
tions, if at all, but very imperfectly. It is claimed by 
the advocates of the Hypophosphite treatment, that the 
Phosphates are of no essential benefit, being rapidly 
excreted in the form in which they were taken. This 
is true also of the Sodium Chloride, but it is not denied 
* The only exception to this is the acid bi-phosphate of the urine, which, 
however, appears only in an excretion. 
f Human Physiology, Phila., 1875, p. 35. 8 
that it is of the greatest use, and necessary to the tissues, 
fluids and animal membranes in which it exists, and by 
which the process of osmosis is so greatly facilitated. 
The experiments of Boussingault upon animals, and 
< hose on the relative permeability of animal membranes 
by solutions, with and without the Chloride, are too 
well known to need quoting at length here. The Phos- 
phates possess the same property, though in a less de- 
gree. Furthermore we think there can be no question 
as to whether the salts of Phosphoric Acid do undergo 
certain changes in the blood. The idea that the Phos- 
phates we find in our urine are the same that we took 
in with our food is preposterous, and against all chemi- 
cal knowledge. 
It is claimed by some that the ITypophosphites are 
superior to the Phosphates in the treatment of these dis- 
eases, from the fact that the former represent Phospho- 
rus but partly oxidized, and that the remedial power 
lies in its taking two more atoms of oxygen to itself 
after entering the system, passing off by the kidneys as a 
Phosphate ; the Phosphate thus being burnt up mate- 
rial. If this is so, or was intended to be so, why does 
not Nature give us Hypophosphites in our food, and 
store it up in our muscles and nervous tissue? 
“ Our vegetable food of every kind contains these 
Phosphates, and in not much dissimilar proportion. 
“ The nutritive salts of wheat are identical with those 
) 
of meat, and one understands that what is true of meat 
must also be true for bread, and that the nutritive value 
of flour is less in the same proportions as it contains less 
of the nutritive salts than the grain. The nutritive salts 
of wheat and meat are Phosphates, and consist of com- 
pounds of Phosphoric Acid with potash, magnesia,.lime 
and iron. The simple relation of the quantity of these 
substances contained in wheat and in flour, as shown by 9 
chemical analysis, will be sufficient to make obvious the 
difference in the nutritive value of the two: 
1,000 lbs. of wheat contains 21 lbs. of Phosphates. 
1,000 “ flour “ “ “ 
Prof. J. V. Liebig.” 
In the mothers’ milk, which is the food, par excellence, 
for tissue formation, Hypophosphites are not present, 
but Phosphates are, and in goodly amount. Can we 
follow any better example than that given us so uni- 
formly by Nature ? And when the treatment fully 
bears out and verifies the theory, is it not well to follow 
it to the best of our ability? It is to be recollected, in 
this connection, that we are not seeking to find a specific 
for a disease, but to feed and build up wasting tissues. 
Speaking of the Phosphate of Magnesia, Dr. Dalton* 
says: “ Like the lime phosphate, which it everywhere 
accompanies, it is present in all the tissues and fluids of 
the body, though this substance is, for the most part, in 
the smaller quantity of the two. Thus, in the bones, 
the lime phosphate is in the proportion of 576 parts per 
thousand, while the magnesium phosphate forms only 
12.5 parts. In the blood, the calcareous salt amounts to 
0.30 part per thousand, the magnesium salt to 0.22 part; 
and in the milk there are 2.72 parts of lime phosphate 
to 0.53 part of magnesium phosphate. On the other 
hand, th-e salts of magnesium have been found to be in larger 
quantity than those of lime in the muscles, and nearly twice 
as abundant in the brain.f 
It will thus be seen that while the Lime Phosphate is 
in excess in the bones, milk, and blood, the Magnesium 
Phosphate is in excess in the muscles and nervous tissue. 
This fact calls on us to let the Lime Phosphate play 
a minor and the Magnesium salt a major part in the 
* Op. Cit , p. 48. 
f The italics are ours. 10 
treatment of Consumption,and the Nervous and Wasting 
diseases. 
Those physicians who advocate the use of the Hypo- 
phosphites, aside from the error of giving the wrong 
salt, persist in making Lime and Sodium their chief 
bases. The need for Phosphate of Lime in the bones, 
of which it forms 576 parts per 1000, and in the milk 
that gees to the child whose bones are rapidly forming, 
is very apparent, and affords an indication for treatment 
in Rachitis. The case is different in Consumption. 
Even if we hope for a cure by calcification there is al- 
ways enough Lime present to accomplish it, provided 
the nourishment uf the general system, dependent on a 
fairly healthy condition of the capillaries, allows it to 
take place. Enough Sodium is furnished by the Chlo- 
ride of the same. In this food-treatment of the wasting 
diseases we should choose our phosphatic salts after the 
pattern nature furnishes us in the proportion in which 
they are present in our food. 
“ One pound of wheat contains about 140 grains of phosphates, made up as fol- 
lows : Phosphoric acid, 66 grains ; potash, 41 grains; magnesia, i6grains ; lime, 
6 grains ; so’a, 3 grains; iron, 3 grains; sulphuric acid, 3 grains; silica and 
clorine, 2 grains. 
In meat the most important is phosphate of potash; magnesia is also pres- 
ent. The proportion of lime, when present, is so small that it rarely amounts to 
one-fourth of the magnesia.”—Prof. Liebig. -See Turner e Chemistry. 
“ The phosphates contained in wheat are soluble; they are not combined 
with organic matter, but are in a free condition; further, the greatest part are 
those of potash and magnesia.”—Prof. Grace Calvert, F. R. S. 
There are those in and out of the profession who 
claim extraordinary results from using what is im- 
properly called “ Vitalized Phosphates.” Phosphates 
are phosphates, and nothing more, wherever we find 
them, and the fact of their having passed through cer- 
tain living or organized bodies, or originated in them, 
can exercise no influence on their therapeutic value. 
However originating, if supplied to the tissues in proper 
form and proportion, they will do their work. CHAPTER III. 
THE OLEO-MINERAL TREATMENT OF PHTHISIS, SCROFU- 
LOSIS, WASTING AND NERVOUS DISEASES, AS 
BASED ON THE THEORY OF FOOD 
THERAPEUTICS. 
We have shown in the last chapter, that while the 
Oleo-Mineral treatment is especially adapted to those 
diseases whose origin lies in defective nutrition, the 
facts have been unintentionally perverted to suit a false 
theory ; i. e., that of supplying Phosphorus to tissues 
that do not need it, and in which it has no place, but 
which do need Phosphates. It is for this reason that 
the treatment has so generally failed, and brought noth- 
ing but disappointment to its originators and supporters. 
The common treatment, that by Cod Liver Oil alone, 
is a good one, but that by oil and phosphates is a better. 
Having once recognized the value of Cod Liver Oil in 
the treatment of these diseases, a great advance was 
made when the emulsion of the oil was proposed and 
carried out. By the minute subdivision thus attained, the 
weakened pancreas, the juice of which is necessarily be- 
low the normal standard, is relieved of extra work, and 
a pleasant taste and smell substituted for that which was 
before disgusting. The cooking, seasoning, and flavor- 
ing of food is one of the features that marks the dividing 
line between man and animals, and that is more fully 
developed as we ascend in the scale of civilization. It 
is a well-known fact that a dish that is palatable will be 12 
digested rapidly and thoroughly, where one that is 
nauseous, or insipid, will be but partly or poorly digested, 
and will pass off by the bowels in a few hours by means 
of an irritative diarrhoea. This is especially true of per- 
sons who are nervous, and whose stomaclis are weak and 
easily disordered. 
There is, however, one great fault to be found with 
the majority of the emulsions now in the market. They 
are made up with alkalies (the ITypophosphites) in com- 
bination with the oil, thus defeating the great aim of 
the preparation—minute subdivision ensuring ease of as- 
similation—and presenting a liqtiid soap, much of which 
passes off by the bowels. 
Assuming, then, that a judicious combination of the 
oil emulsion and the phosphates, with an agreeable 
taste and smell, is indicated in these diseases, how can 
we accomplish it without saponification of the oil ? 
By presenting the oil in an acid solution, the acidity 
being due to free Phosphoric Acid. It has been my 
endeavor, and I am pleased to say that I have succeeded 
in producing just such a combination. This preparation 
has now been before the public and in the hands of the 
profession for some time, and all who have used it have 
tested its practical working and great worth. Children 
take it without question, and digest it readily. 
One great point in its favor is its thorough miscibility 
with water, forming a kind of milk. It can thus be di- 
luted to suit any taste, or the idiosyncrasy of any stom- 
ach. It may be well to state here that the pleasant taste 
and odor of this preparation are not attained at the ex- 
pense of the oil. It always contains 50 per cent, of the best 
Norway Cod Liver Oil. Above all, this preparation is 
founded on a rational basis of facts that are sure to carry 
conviction to the minds of those who study them, and 
the truths will be borne out and verified by the results 
of the treatment. 13 
As we have seen from Dr. Anderson’s experiments, 
the Phosphates exercise their peculiar functions directly 
in the capillaries and tissues themselves. From Dr. 
Dalton,* also, we demonstrate the increased scavenger 
power of the blood by reason of the presence of these 
salts. They, of course, do this work, although second- 
ary to their nutritive action on the capillaries, when 
given zvith the oil, and to this is probably due much of 
the relief from night-sweats and hectic. There are cases, 
however, where, when given alone, they act to special 
advantage. Stout, plethoric people, who eat much and 
exercise but little ; whose tissues are in a boggy, ill- 
drained condition, will find this preparation of the Phos- 
phates (Wheat Phosphates) of the greatest service in ac- 
complishing tissue defecation and sewerage. The dull, 
heavy, somnolent feeling experienced by these patients 
is soon relieved, and a slow poisoning by tissue detritus 
avoided. 
We have seen that in the brain, muscles and nervous 
system Phosphate of Magnesia is present in about 
double the quantity of Phosphates of Lime, and in a 
relatively larger proportion than the Phosphates of the 
other bases. This preparation contains the Phosphates 
in about this proportion, and it will be found of inesti- 
mable value in the rational treatment of the various 
neuroses, especially nervous asthenia. In these days of 
mental strain and over-work, some preparation is needed 
that will assist brain and nerve power, not by stimula- 
tion, as commonly understood, but by direct nourish- 
ment. There are some cases where the oil and phos- 
phates are indicated, in which it is better to commence 
with the Wheat. Phosphates until the nervous and capil- 
lary systems are improved, when the oil will be better 
borne than if given at the outset of the treatment. 
* Op. Cit., p. 49. 14 
It has been found that the prolonged use of the Hy- 
pophosphites is apt to cause a Phosph'atic sediment in 
the urine, and predispose to calculous disease. The use 
of this acid preparation of the Phosphates is open to no 
such danger, the slight excess of Phosphoric Acid to 
which the preparation owes its acidity, going to render 
the urine more acid, though not abnormally so, and 
thus carrying off any excess of phosphates in a soluble 
form. In the so-called “ Phosphatic Diathesis” this 
preparation of the phosphates has been found to be 
quickly remedial. “ In the urine a portion of the alka- 
line Sodium Phosphate is replaced by the Acid Sodium 
Biphosphate, which gives to this fluid its property of 
reddening blue litmus paper, although it contains no 
free acid.”* 
“ The diurnal excretion of Phosphoric Acid by the 
urine is from 30 to 90 grains. The mean of twenty-five 
sets of observations by Dr. Parkes was 48.80 grains 
a day.”-f* 
We have already briefly noticed Dr. Anderson’s con- 
clusions in regard to Scurvy. He has proved diat this 
terrible disease is due to an almost total absence of the 
Phosphates in salt meat, which forms the chief diet of 
sailors on long voyages. Accepting this fact, we must 
conclude that a combination of these phosphates in an 
acid solution is the very thing for this affection, and it 
would give me great pleasure to furnish some ship’s 
crew who contemplate a long voyage, with enough of 
this preparation to fully test the accuracy of Dr. Ander- 
son’s views, and at once set at rest the question of the 
causes and proper treatment of Scurvy. 
The comparatively new and very valuable views and 
researches of Dr. Anderson, having- so direct a bearing- 
on the treatment of Consumption, Scrofula, Wasting 
* Dalton, Op. Cit., p. 48. 
■j- Roberts on the Urine, p. 43. 15 
and Nervous Diseases, seem worthy the attention of 
the profession in this country and I am, therefore, 
pleased to place these views before them in this abstract 
form and to submit, at the same time, my preparations, 
Phillips’ Wheat Phosphates and Phillips’ Palat- 
able Cod Liver Oil with Wheat Phosphates, as 
in accord with these advanced ideas. 
With regard to the latter 1 am aware of the many 
preparations of Cod Liver Oil brought to your notice 
in the last few years, and could not hope to enlist atten- 
tion to another, unless it possessed unusual merits and 
entirely new feat2ires. 
The combination of the Oil with the Soluble Wheat 
Phosphates, whereby the nauseous taste and odor of the 
Oil is not only overcome, but its efficacy and remedial 
virtue enhanced by reason of the added nourishing and 
building power of the Phosphates ;—the absence of 
saponification ;—the exceedingly minute division of the 
oil globules accomplished so that the emulsion is as 
miscible in water as milk, and as much under control as 
any tincture;—are neiv and important features, and should 
appeal to scientific knowledge and common sense. 
The advantage of thus having Cod Liver Oil in a 
palatable and pleasant shape, which can be diluted to 
any extent, so as not to nauseate, or lower the tone of 
the stomach, and which is necessarily more easily 
assimilated, must be apparent, and I therefore confident- 
ly commend Phillips’ Palatable Cod Liver Oil to 
your attention as possessing these properties, and solicit 
an examination of it. 
It is not, of course, necessary to enumerate the in- 
dications of an agent so well known as Cod Liver Oil. 
It is not, however, generally understood that Cod Liver 
Oil possesses a power in the formation of tissue—or 
rather, in giving to growing tissue the fat which is 
essential to healthy formation—to a much greater ex- 
tent than any other fat or oil. Dr. F. Lauder Brunton 16 
says: “ It is my own belief, that Cod Liver Oil is more 
easily assimilated than other oils, and not only so, but 
more easily transformed into tissues themselves.” 
This combination of the Oil with the soluble Phosphates 
as found in Wheat (Potash, Magnesia, Lime and Iron) 
furnishes together the FAT and the BLOOD, brain and 
NERVE-TISSUE building elements—or, virtually, the food 
necessary to supply the waste of the system,— a pre- 
paration, therefore, which should commend itself as a 
FOOD REMEDY for ailments resulting from defective 
nutrition 
Dr. J. Milner Fothergill states, and it is now 
generally recognized, that “ the food, no matter whether 
starchy, albuminoid or fat, must be reduced to tiny 
minute particles before the ferments can act efficiently. 
As all digestion is a process of solution, and since, for 
proper perfect solution, disintegration is indispensable, 
we submit the great importance of a finely-divided Cod 
Liver Oil. 
The extremely minute division of the Oil in this pre- 
paration is a very important feature and worthy of par- 
ticular attention, since, as we have seen, its assimilation 
and transformation into tissue is so materially aided 
thereby. 
So minute a division of the oil globules as is here 
presented is not accomplished in any other emulsion. 
To demonstrate its thorough miscibility, stir in a wine 
glass or more, of water, a teaspoonful of the emulsion, 
and notice how perfectly it diffuses itself through the 
whole volume of water, no globules being seen on the 
surface. 
To exhibit the extreme minute division of the oil glob- 
ules, place the fractional part of a drop, mixed as above, 
under a microscope of 50 or more diameters. {Seejllus- 
stration over.) These experiments are urged in com- 
parison with any kindred preparation, under the same 
conditions. 17 
Albany, N. V., Oct. 24th, 1881. 
To whom it may concern : 
These series of Photo-Micrographs 
of Milk and Cod Liver Oil emulsions 
were made by me in my Laboratory. 
The specimens of oil were obtained 
from trade bottles purchased at a 
leading drug store in this city ; the 
m ilk came from a healthy cow, and 
was photographed immediately. 
All the specimens were photograph- 
ed at 200 diameters by means of the 
same apparatus, the same lenses, and 
practically under the same conditions, 
and with equal fairness toward all. 
The illustrations are faithful repro- 
ductions of the Photo-Micrographs. 
Dr. WM. HAILES, Jr., 
Pathological Laboratory, Albany Med. College. 
NO OTHER PREPARATION OF COD LIVER OIL IS SO PERFECTLY MISCIBLE WITH WATER. 
COWS’ MILK. 
PHILLIPS’ C. L. OIL. 
We ask attention to the plates 
herewith. They are reproductions of 
photographs made by Prof. Hailes, 
(see Certificate,) and illustrate the 
comparative division of the oil or fat 
globules, as between cows’ milk sev- 
eral of the best known emulsions in 
the market, and our own preparation. 
You will readily notice the marked 
similarity between the latter and 
cows’ milk as to uniformity and mi- 
nuteness, and also the great difference 
between these and the other emul- 
sions. As a result of this fine di- 
vision, our preparation is retained by 
the most delicate stomach without 
nausea or distress. 18 
To remove erroneous impressions which may have 
been created by various misrepresentations of compet- 
ing ‘manufacturers as to the composition, strength and 
purity of this preparation, to protect ourselves, and as 
a guarantee to the medical profession and the trade, I 
have been compelled to publish certificates as below, 
and shall now continue, from year to year, to have 
these examinations made by a different analyst, and 
published to show the standard is maintained. 
Albany, N. Y. Dec. 20th, 1880. 
“I have examined a bottle of PHILLIPS’ PALATABLE COD 
LIVER OIL (with Wheat Phosphates), such as is sold by the trade, 
and purchased by me from a leading druggist of this city, and 
find the same to contain fifty per cent. (50#) of Cod Liver Oil of 
fine quality, and to be in other respects essentially of the compo- 
sition represented by the published formula. The Oil in this pre- 
paration exists in its original and chemically unchanged state, 
and is distributed through the combination in globules nearly 
AS MINUTE AS THOSE OF MILK. 
WILLIS G. TUCKER, 
Professor of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, 
Albany Medical Col ege. 
Chemical Laboratory, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, 
Boston, Mass., Oct. iSth,*1880. • 
This is to certify that I have examined a trade bottle of 
PHILLIPS’ PALATABLE COD LIVER OIL (with Phosphates), pur- 
chased by me from a zvholesale druggist in this city, and found 
to contain 50#, by measure, of Cod. Liver Oil affine quality ; that 
the oil globules were very unifonn as to size, and were nearly as 
minute as the fat globules in cows' milk, and that the emulsion was 
PERFECTLY MISCIBLE WITH WATER. 
B. F. DAVENPORT, M. D., 
Professor of Analytical Chemistry, in the 
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy. 
I respectfully ask a practical test of this preparation, 
and that results may be noted. 
Very truly, 
CHAS. H. PHILLIPS, 
Manf'g Chemist, Nezv York. FORMULA: 
PHILLIPS’ WHEAT PHOSPHATES (ACID.) 
EACH FLUID DRACHM CONTAINS: 
PHOSPHORIC ACID (Free and Combined), - - 4 Grains. 
POTASH, .... 2J/£ “ 
MAGNESIA, - - - 1 
LIME, ..... % “ 
IRON, yx “ 
SODA? 
SULPHURIC ACID Prace- 
This preparation is also put up in Syrup form with 
flavoring (Phillips’ Syrup of Wheat Phosphates), 
designed especially to meet those cases where greater 
ease of administration is a requisite. 
PHILLIPS’ PALATABLE COD LIVER OIL 
(Cod Liver Oil with Wheat Phosphates.) 
Tablespoonfu! 
3 ss. 
contains 
/ 
BEST NORWEGIAN COO LIVER OIL, 
MUCILAGINOUS MATTER, 
GLYCERINE, 
SUGAR AND FLAVORING, ■ ..... 
WHEAT PHOSPHATES, - - 3 - 
80% 
so% 
ioo% 
This preparation contains two grains of absolute Pancreatin to the fluid 
ounce, whereby the Oil is partially digested. The Pancreatin is manufactured 
an my own laboratory, and unlike any other is entirely free from albumen. 
For the use of physicians who are perfectly satisfied 
with the results of Hypophosphite treatment, and 
therefore unwilling to make a change, I now put up 
Phillips’ Palatable Cod Liver Oil with Hypophos- 
phites (lime and soda), presenting all the features of 
palatability, minute division and miscibility in water as 
in the above preparation. 20 
I beg to advise that my medicinal preparations are 
now put up in the following styles : 
PHILLIPS’ WHEAT PHOSPHATES, 
12 oz. bottles retailing at $1.00 eaoh. 
Also in 3 pint dispensing bottles. 
PHILLIPS’ SYRUP OF WHEAT PHOSPHATE! 
12 oz. bottles retailing at $1.25 each. 
PHILLIPS' PALATABLE COD LIVER OIL, 
WITH WHEAT PHOSPHATES, 
14 oz. bottles retailing at $1.00 each, 
PHILLIPS’ PALATABLE COD LIVER OIL, 
WITH HYPO PHOSPHITES, 
14 oz. bottles retailing at $1.00 ea«h. 
MILK OF MAGNESIA, 
8 oz. bottles retailing at 50 cents each. 
Also in 3 pint dispensing bottles. 
PHOSPHATED COCOA WITH PANCREATINE. 
4 lb. tins retailing at 50 cants.