CHARGE t THE GRADUATES JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLLEGE OF .PHILADELPHIA; DELIVERED MARCH 1, 1857. BY PROFESSOR JOHN K. MITCHELL. A LIST OF THE GRADUATES. PuilijsJjifc $2 i|)£ (Kra&uatittjj <&lz&&. PHILADELPHIA: T. K. AND P. a. COLLINS, PRINTERS, 1857. CORRESPONDENCE. * Philadelphia, March 2, 1857. Professor J. K. Mitchell :— Sir : The undersigned, a special committee, in hehalf of the Graduating Class of the Jefferson Medical College, respectfully solicit a copy of your Valedictory Address for publication. Trusting you will accede to our request, and to the wishes of our fellow- graduates, we remain, Yours, very respectfully, S. W. Gross, Pa., President. Wm. B. Price, 111. Louis Elsberg, Pa. M. P. Stephenson, N. Y. H0mphret Peake, Ark. S. K. Reynolds, Pa., Secretary. Philadelphia, March 2,1857. Gentlemen:— I have great pleasure in placing in your hands, according to your polite request, a copy of my " Charge" to the Graduates. I have the honor to be, yours faithfully, J. K. MITCHELL. Messrs. S. W. Gross, Wm. B. Price, Louis Elsberg, M. P. Stephenson, Humphrey Peake, and S. K. Reynolds, Committee of the Graduates. CHARGE TO THE GRADUATES. MY YOUNG FRIENDS, GRADUATES OF JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLLEGE :— The high honor now formally conferred upon you, is a solemn commission. By it you are legally authorized to practise the most important of the arts, to hold in your hands the fate of your fellow-men, and to decide on the issues of life and death. When, on rare occasions, a man is called forth to perform the duties of a juror, and to sit in judgment on the life of a fellow- creature, how awfully responsible does he deem his position, how solemn are his feelings! Yet the being whose life is in his hands, is commonly one whose spirit is in opposition to the welfare of society, whose hand is against the safety of the com- munity, whose existence is an evil, with whom there is no circle of friends to sympathize, for whom there is no kindred eye to weep. The fond breast on which the parting soul relies, the pious drops required by the closing eye, are not for him. And yet, he who in part only, decides on the fate of that outcast of society, trembles as he listens to the proofs of guilt, and shudders to sign the fatal missive which consigns a fellow-creature to a justly merited doom. The beings, on the other hand, on whose fate the physician is called to decide, are the beloved, the venerated, and the honored. Each life is to friends and relatives of priceless value. As they crowd around the couch of sickness, and watch the fading color of health and the growing hues of decay; what is there in the treasury of this world's goods, which would be placed for a moment in comparison with one breath of that departing loved one. " Take," methinks I hear them say, "the most precious of our earthly possessions, but save, oh save, him on whom our heart leans for its happiness." Perchance, the beloved being whose fate hangs on your skill, 4 is among the honored of the land; one, whose literary labors enlighten and improve society, whose wisdom guides the coun- cils, or whose courage and conduct lead the armies of the republic to repel invasion, or to maintain independence. Unlike the juryman, you may stand alone, in this solemn and responsible trust; your decisions unaided by friendly council; your skill embarrassed by malignant or officious intrusion; your sense of responsibility made doubly burdensome, because you are called to the case by the confidence of friendship, the flatter- ing estimate of ability, and the natural belief, that you, who have earned the first honors of your professional education, have neg- lected none of the means and appliances essential to the success- ful pursuit of your multifarious art. The very confidence re- posed, first in you, next in your education, should weigh heavily on your sense of the importance and solemnity of your vocation. Solemnly, therefore, have the Trustees of the Institution from which you derive your professional rights, called together this great assembly, to witness, and give dignity to the occasion. Im- pressively has the President of the Jefferson Medical Col- lege pronounced you, before them and the whole world, honor- able in character, and skilful in profession. In a moment of time, you have been lifted over that mighty barrier which separates the contemplative from the active life; which places you in novel and most responsible relations, and whilst it presents in the vast vista of time, the forbidding images of care and toil, offers also to your view honor, usefulness, and the sweet regard of many a charmed circle. So far, you have done well. The great barrier has been suc- cessfully and honorably surmounted. So far, by the meritorious issue of your scholastic labors, you have, I am proud to say, con- clusively demonstrated the possession of untiring industry, and competent knowledge. The great assemblage before which you now stand, unites with us in hailing your induction into the honorable faculty of accredited medicine, and your more distant friends will, I trust, meet you with a no less flattering acclaim. But neither in this presence, nor elsewhere, is the satisfaction founded on the mere act of transition by which you pass from the quiet studies of the learner to the active duties of the physi- cian. It is compounded of approbation for your meritorious and arduous novitiate, of reasonable hopes for the continuance of 5 deserved success, and of exultation for the security of the im- portant public and private interests about to be committed to hands demonstrably worthy of so high a trust. Something of that pleasure is due also to the approval of the spirit of enterprise and conscientiousness which brings you from diverse and distant places, to the great centre of the medical in- struction of the country. . Some of you are from the wild regions of the mighty West; some from the sweet fields of the cultivated East; not a few from the sunny plains of the warm-hearted South. I see before me also, the student from the British American provinces, nay more, from Prussia, from Corsica, from the Spanish, British, and Swedish West Indies, and from South America. But it is with still higher pleasure that I see among you Doctors of Medicine, who, not content with an excellent educa- tion in less populous or less favored places, have brought up to Philadelphia their accredited testimonials, that they may be indorsed by another and a more fortunately located institution. All this augurs well for the refinement and honor of the country, and for the spirit and enterprise of the profession, and entitles you to the more emphatic declaration of our entire ap- proval, both of your conduct and learning. I therefore proclaim you, before this assembly, physicians, not only in name, but in knowledge, Doctors of Medicine, to whom the husband may intrust the safety of his beloved wife, the wife, the health of her cherished husband, the parent, the lives of his dear children, and the community, the security of those illustrious public servants who minister to the glory and safety of the country. My young friends! in a very short time, you will be found struggling in the mighty current of human conflict, where you must sink or swim, according to your application of the diversi- fied powers now committed to your trust. We, your teachers, in the execution of our responsible duties, have endeavored, to the best of our opportunity and ability, to imbue your minds with the richest professional lore of the times. We have drawn, for your use, from the teeming treasury of the present, its brightest jewels, whilst we have not forgotten to explore the great stores of ancient learning, for the enduring wealth of their venerable repositories. Selecting from every 6 accessible source the best materials, and using our own time- nurtured experience to weave them into a consistent whole, we have, not unsuccessfully we know, presented to you whatever a prolonged trial has proved to be good, whatever novelty an acknowledged principle fairly sanctions. We have sedulously and laboriously endeavored to teach you the great phenomena and the settled principles of medicine, the facts and their legiti- mate deductions; so that you may be not only successful but enlightened practitioners—not only skilful artists, but rational philosophers, from whom may be expected both the useful pur- suit and the further improvement of the profession. The mission upon which you are now about to enter, gentle- men, is one which demands a lifetime of labor. Not the least part of that labor is that which is necessary to keep up with the progress of the science of advancing medicine. So rapid is this race of improvement, that he who lingers but a moment by the way will find it very difficult to recover his lost ground. In becoming graduates, therefore, you must not neglect to continue fca be students, steady, determined, persisting students. Doctor Franklin, when conversing with young physicians, often told the following story, as full of deep meaning for them: A gentleman, falling ill while on a journey in Greece, was visited by a physician in the costume of the country, whom, however, he soon discovered to be a countryman of his own, and whom he had formerly known in some other and vulgar trade. He put his medical adviser to the question, and learned that, for want of other occupation, he had assumed that of medicine. "But what do you know of medicine ?" " Oh! I have a book which tells me how to cure all manner of diseases." "But," said he, after a pause, " I am often at a loss to know what the disease is. If I could only obtain a book which would tell me what is the disease, I could make a fortune; for then, having one which gives me cures for all, I should be infallible." Now, gentlemen, the book which tells us what is the disease, is being written in our own day, in the current time. Kemedies come slowly, and often by accident. Pathological knowledge is the child alone of patient toil and laborious experiment, which are now in daily exercise over the whole face of the civilized globe. If you wish for that book, of which Franklin spoke, look then to the current periodical litera- ture of the profession. As you thus watch the flowing tide of 7 medical learning, you will be able to seize and examine with more particular care, such objects as most require or deserve your atten- tion. From these brief abstracts and chronicles of the times, you will learn how to proceed to the deeper and wider study of the subjects of the greatest importance. The flood of medical litera- ture is now so vast and rapid, that only by the aid of periodicala can you hope to master generalities, or advance successfully to the study of specialities. Not neglecting, therefore, more elabo- rate works, read regularly also the journals, abstracts, and retro- spects of the passing time, and in them observe, more particularly, that upon which you can always most confidently rely, the account of special pathology and distinctive diagnosis. If you clo this diligently, if you verify your book knowledge also, by personal observation and experiment, you will not be mortified, as well as disgraced, by the easy cure, by new means, of your obscure cases, when they pass into more industrious hands, and return to your living monuments, not so much of your incapacity, as of your indolence or carelessness. Within a few years, even within the time of some of those who now hear me, diagnosis has acquired wonderful importance from its alliance with the more exact philosophy of the day. The sounds produced by the action of the heart and lungs, have been carefully studied, both as they exist in health, and as they are modified by disease; so that, by means of this new power, maladies have been discovered, which although always present, were formerly totally unknown, and for which there existed not even a name. Even the abdominal viscera, the contents of the pelvis, and the encephalon, are subject to diseased conditions, which manifest themselves, curiously and usefully, by physical signs; and there, where we should have scarcely suspected their applicability, the hand, the ear, and the eye, reveal the hidden sources of danger. This new power is gradually drawing medicine more com- pletely within the precincts of exact philosophy, and giving to extensive departments of it, a precision and a corrective power, entirely unknown to it, even at the close of the last century. Step by step this bright revelation of Laennec advances under the banner of Stokes, Williams, Skoda, Flint, and others, to the conquest of new ground, while it renders greatly more fertile the long recovered fields of medicine. At length, there remain but 8 few diseases to which its inquisitorial power does not extend. It was a new world which, Columbus like, the illustrious French- man exposed to the eyes of an admiring age, rich in its immedi- ate results, magnificent in its promises of boundless future good. I dwell on this subject the more, because I have found that the learner does not always fully appreciate its importance, and the old practitioner too often welcomes it coldly. By you, my young friends, this great truth is seen, I have strong reason to believe, in its proper and grand light. I earnestly press on your future regard this brightest gem of our own age, that you may use it for the benefit Of those whom you succor, and preserve, enlarge, and polish it for your successors. Time will not permit me to give, even a catalogue, of the achievements in the department of practical medicine, which have been performed in our own immediate day; nor can I do more than merely advert to the rapid progress and brilliant dis- coveries now making in the department taught you by my distin- guished friend, the Professor of the Institutes of Medicine. You are already too well informed on that subject to require it. Mi- croscopy, with its improved instruments, and Chemistry, with its wonderful powers of analysis, have enabled Bernard to astonish the world by discoveries scarcely less startling than those of Avenbrugger, Laennec, and Piorry. We have learned from him, that the liver performs an important function formerly attributed exclusively to the lungs, and that, while it is a great source of calo- rification, it is also the great instrument of animal glycogeny. Scarcely less striking and important, is the more recent disco- very, by Dr. Addison, of the pathological state of the supra-renal capsules, upon which depend constitutional and local symptoms, long observed, but only now understood. The functions of the medulla spinalis, are also at this moment receiving new and curious light from the industry and perspica- city of Brown-Sequard and other ingenious experimenters. But I must cease, for were I to advance a step further, and make, however briefly, a selection from the many wonderful dis- coveries recently achieved in other departments of medicine, per- haps already laid before you by the able and vigilant Professors of Anatomy, Surgery, Chemistry, Materia Medica, and Obstetrics, I might for a moment cause in you a feeling of despair, at the task which lies before you. But when you remember, that you began, 9 but a few years ago, to master, as you have now well done, the ele- ments of all the divisions of medicine, you cannot fail to perceive that it will not be difficult for you to merely watch the future pro- gress of that knowledge which you have thus overtaken. But you should remember, too, that the chariot of learning must, in so progressive a science as ours, be kept steadily in view. It is like time and tide, which wait for no man. The indolence and apathy that may cause you to lose sight of it, are not qualities which will enable you to overtake it again. You should also remem- ber that the most important earthly interests of men are to be placed in your hands, and that if you do injustice to yourselves you must thereby defraud society of its most precious privileges. So much for that, which you must learn from others, by a diligent attention to published medicine. You have also much to learn hereafter from your own observation. You have to acquire the tact and experience which can alone make your pre- sent knowledge useful. To do this, you must study your cases, and that you can scarcely do without keeping a record of them. Nothing is so treacherous as the memory, when it is intrusted with a load of ill-assorted facts. Without a registry, case can scarcely be compared with case, nor can you acquire, without it that general knowledge of disease and its remedies, which will give you a safe confidence in yourself. Experience is only valu- able when it is derived from a multitude of observations, well digested and thoroughly remembered. Besides a strict account of the cases themselves, reference should be made to climate, season, age, sex, temperament, and race and at the close of each case a few observations upon the apparent influence of your remedies, should be recorded. At a convenient season in every year, a cursory review of your records will enable you to draw some general conclusions, likely, even in so short a time, to be far more valuable than those which, in a long lifetime of labor, can be drawn from an ill-assorted heap of imperfectly recollected and undigested phenomena. Perhaps no subject attracts more interest at present than Pub- lic Hygiene. It is one of the most engrossing topics of the times. Men in high station and authority, actuated in part by a liberal humanity, and in part by a selfish regard to their own interests, have of late, paid much attention to this neglected sub- ject. Public thought has been keenly directed to the influence 10 on health produced by the various modes of aggregating human beings by their avocations, food, dress, and lodgings; by their virtues and vices; by the general influence of their locality, and the special force of their nuisances. The condition of the air by which they are surrounded, and of the water which they drink, has been in many places carefully examined. The inroad, course, and decline of epidemics, have also been industriously recorded. This great work is at this moment in active progress, particularly in some European countries, and especially in the British Euro- pean dominions: but as yet, few general conclusions, at least such as command acceptance, have been reached. The unproductive character of all the labor and expense hitherto lavished upon this subject, has arisen, I think, mainly from the too great diffusion of the inquiry. It is not where men have collected in vast masses, nor where the research is com- mitted to too many hands, that we shall be likely to find the sought-for truth. In rural districts, and small towns, where the whole population can be surveyed by a single eye, such know- ledge can be more easily, and more successfully taught. The ad- vent of a first Zymotic case, the progress of an epidemic, its decline and extinction, can always, in such places, be seen and recorded. The totality, so easily observable there, cannot be so satisfactorily estimated in large cities. Now, my young friends, some of you about to be very favor- ably placed for such inquiries, will no doubt, be rejoiced to aid in this new public adventure, and zealously labor to improve the sanitary condition of the little corner of the world to which you owe your birth and education, and to which are given your noblest affections. To do this effectually, however, will demand another portion of your time and attention. As it can only be done gradually, it cannot become a heavy task, nor will the pursuit fail to afford you lofty pleasure, and agreeable relaxation from more exhausting pursuits. If you should feel disposed to enter upon this noble duty, you must not put it off to a more con- venient season; but begin your observations from the commence- ment of your professional life. If you perform your share of this task well, you will have great personal satisfaction, and gain soon and with certainty, a reputation before men, which the ordinary routine of a whole professional life, hardly ever affords. The ap- paratus for such investigations, is neither cumbrous nor expen- 11 sive. A barometer, thermometer, hygrometer, rain-gauge and microscope, together with a few chemicals for ozonometry and eudiometry, constitute the means and appliances. All of these can be obtained at Queen's, or M'Allister's, at an expense not ex- ceeding the small sum of fifty dollars. Most of these instruments are now almost essential to the business of any practitioner of medicine, certainly so, if he pursue his profession thoroughly for the interests of his patients. Meteorology is also in our day, a proper subject of liberal curiosity to a great many well-educated gentlemen, and cannot, therefore, be entirely neglected by the physician, without loss of character; especially as he alone is known to be able to compare the vicissitudes in the surrounding natural phenomena, with the modification in the health of the population. Such pursuits are the more important to the physician, as fortu- nately for the cause of humanity, his proper ambition is bounded by the professional horizon. The lawyer, while he climbs the ladder of political ambition, attains but a better station for his pleadings and his emoluments; but the physician, who longs for distinction, must seek it alone in medicine, or its kindred pursuits of learning and science. There is a vast debt of gratitude already due from the nation, to our useful profession, not only for its exemplary character, but for its brilliant achievements. In almost every field of literature and science, these achievements have been performed chiefly by those who are most deeply and constantly engaged in medical practice. Good comes seldom to the indolent. Trophies of learn- ing and genius, reward only those who sacrifice the pleasures of social life, and the hours allotted to repose, on the altar of public utility. If a busy professional life gives no common leisure—it, at least, brightens the intellectual and moral faculties, and better fits the physician for those sublime sacrifices, which, in all ages, medicine has made for the honor and interests of society. Within or without strict professional limits, there is before you a rich harvest, ready for the sickle of enterprise, and the garner of industry and talent. The great desert of medical science, which a century ago, displayed on its vast and unsettled plain of sand, but a few bright spots of sustained verdure, now teems with the freshness of a thousand oases. Increasing rapidly in number, each growing broader and brighter, these spots of mingled cer- 12 tainty and promise, ar£ gradually concealing the dark waste of the by-gone times, and are making our era as remarkable for the cultivation of the highest of the arts, as has been our country for the most brilliant transformation of the political principle. The work of honor and utility will proceed onward, urge it who may. Shall I not hope, my estimable young friends, that among the laborers on this productive field of multifarious good, some, nay many of your number, will be found conspicuous, in the very front of the enterprise, and that with clear heads, strong hands, and stout hearts, you also will be emulous for the public good. Ere we separate, perhaps forever, let me, in the name of the Trustees, and of my Colleagues, wish you every safe honor, every reasonable blessing, knowledge for every difficulty, decision for every emergency, patience for every trial, and triumph for every conflict. Whithersoever may be your wanderings, to the wild forests of the umbrageous West, the busy hives of the swarming North, the flowery fields of the sunny South, to your homes be- yond the mighty sea, carry with you our prayers for your wel- fare, and our assurances of a sincere and abiding regard. There can happen to you no misfortune, which will not awaken our sympathy; no honors, that will not excite our exultation; no suc- cess, that will not enhance our enjoyments. And now! May the blessings of the Divine Physician, with- out which, all human efforts are vain, all human learning fruitless, follow you to your respective homes, brighten the enjoyments, and soften the sorrows of time, and, sustaining you alike under the temptations of prosperity and the trials of adversity, give you, at the solemn hour of dissolution, the pleasing retrospect of a well-spent, useful, and honorable life. GRADUATES JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLLEGE OF PHILADELPHIA, MARCH, 1857. At a Public Commencement, held on the 7th of March, 1857, the degree of Doctor or Medicine was conferred on the following gentlemen by the Hon. J. B. Suther- land, President of the Institution; after which a Charge to the Graduates was delivered by Professor John K. Mitchell. NAME. Aikins, M. H. Ashton, Arthur Baldridge, Alexander. Banks, John W. Barbre, Jesse (M. D.) Barclay, Robert G. Battey, Robert Bauknight, Walter J. Berrien, J. Hunter Berry, George W. Bibighaus, T. B. Blackwell, George W. Bomgardner, John E. Bowen, James H. Bowyer, James H. Boyd, Richard, Jr. Bracey, John R. Brunson, Jesse A. Bryan, William S. Buckner, Baldwin M. Buhot, William I. Butts, James J. Camp, J. G. Carleton, George E. Castlen, F. G. Chase, William B. Chrisman, W. L. Clark, Marcus A. Cline, Philip M. Coleman, John S. Collins, William Thomas Coover, John B. Coover, William H. Couch, W. B. Couch, William S. Crawford, William H. Credille, William H. Curtis, Humphrey H., Jr. Dana, Robert S. Daniel, A. B. De Choudens, Joseph F. Delano, Marcus F. Delaplane, James B. STATE OR COUNTRY. SUBJECT OF THESIS. Canada West. Virginia. Tennessee. Missouri. Illinois. Virginia. Georgia. South Carolina. Georgia. Maryland. Pennsylvania. Mississippi. Pennsylvania. Georgia. Virginia. Virginia. Virginia. Tennessee. North Carolina. Virginia. Barbadoes. Georgia. North Carolina. Georgia. Georgia. Vermont. Pennsylvania. Virginia. Virginia. Georgia. Delaware. Pennsylvania. Ohio. Georgia. Virginia. Pennsylvania. Georgia. Virginia. Pennsylvania. Georgia. Corsica. Massachusetts. Maryland. Face Presentations. Delirium Tremens. Alcohol Toxicology. Milk-Sickness. (State of Medical Science in Syria \ and Arabia. Melia Azedarach. Intermittent Fever. Yellow Fever. Action of the Female in Generation. Scarlatina. Remittent Fever. Emetics. Cinchona. Uric Acid Lithiasis. Typhoid Fever. Acute Peritonitis. Craniotomy. Gunshot Wounds. Erysipelas. Death. Intermittent Fever. Acute Inflammation of the Brain. Diet in Disease. Enteritis. /Fracture of the Neck of the Thigh \ Bone within the Capsular Ligament. j Influence of Atmospheric Air on \ Animal Life. Amenorrhcea. ( Symptoms and Treatment of Dysen- l tery. Intermittent Fever. f Medicine; its early History and Su- \ perstitions. Empiricism. Management of Natural Labor. Lobelia. Apoplexy. Gunshot Wounds. Anatomy of the Stomach. Concussion of the Brain. Intermittent Fever. Typhoid Fever. Diagnosis of Uterine Pregnancy. Physiology of Digestion. Entero-mesenteric Fever. 14 NAME. Dewberry, John H. De Witt, Manning F. Dickson, John Dinzey, John K. Drye," William S. Duval, C. A. Earl, J. Madison Echols, Edward D. J. Edmonds, Matthew W. Elsberg, Louis Evans, Charles H. Farrell, William Fleming, Robert A. Flint, Austin, Jr. Fordham, John F. Foster, A. R. Foster, David L. Fowler, A. S. (M. D.) Freeze, Peter H. Fruit, John C. Frye, A. S. Fuller, Daniel Gibbon, William H. Gill, Henry Z. Gillespie, Zadock R. Gilliam, J. P. Godfrey, J. T. Gray, Joseph Gross, Samuel W. Halisy, Dennis J. Hall, Samuel H. Hambrick, Joseph M. Hamilton, Robert S. Hanger, John M. Harrison, Eugene B. Hartman, H. B. Hartman, Samuel B. Herndon, Thomas Hill, J. Ward Hirons, Robert S. Warren Hoke, Augustus D. Holland, Thomas Walter Hollingsworth, Edwin F. Holman, William A. Holt, William F. Houston, Joseph Willis Howard, Robert G. Howerton, William H. Hunt, John T. Hursh, George R. Jennings, William K. Johns, A. Benning, Jr. Johnson, Jesse W. Johnson, William L. Joiner, Charles J. Jones, Daniel Chandler STATE OR COUNTRY. Georgia. Pennsylvania. SUBJECT OF THESIS. Pennsylvania. West Indies. Kentucky. Mississippi. North Carolina. Alabama. New Jersey. Pennsylvania. Ohio. Georgia. Alabama. New York. Georgia. Alabama. Mississippi. Georgia. Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania. Maine. Pennsylvania. New Jersey. Ohio. Tennessee. Virginia. Florida. New York. Pennsylvania. Kentucky. Connecticut. Georgia. Virginia. Virginia. Ohio. Louisiana. Ohio. Virginia. South Carolina. Delaware. South Carolina. Tennessee. North Carolina. Virginia. Georgia. Pennsylvania. Georgia. North Carolina. North Carolina. Pennsylvania. Virginia. North Carolina. Missouri. Kentucky. Alabama. Georgia. Intermittent Fever. f Mutual Relation between Pulmonary X and Cardiac Diseases. / Treatment of Aneurism by Compres- \ 6ion. Diagnosis. The Doctor of the Day. Pneumonia. Erysipelas. Tetanus. Phthisis Pulmonalis. f Sources of Abnormal Conditions of \ the Foetus. Pertussis. Mumps. Injuries of Arteries. f Phenomena of the Capillary Circula- (_ tion. Rubeola. Abdominal Dropsy. Angeioleucitis. Intermittent Fever. Intermittent Fever. Fractures. Amputation of the Thigh. Nature of Inflammation. f Eclampsia gravidarum et parturi- [ entium. Man. Counter-Irritation. Narcotics. Mental Influence. Pleural Dropsy. Iodine considered as a Surgical Agent. Puerperal Peritonitis. Puerperal Peritonitis. Puerperal Fever. Anaesthetics. Pneumonia. ' Epidemic Pernicious Fever in N. W. Ohio, in 1855. Gonorrhoea. Retroversio Uteri. Circulation of the Blood. Opium. Entero-mesenteric Fever. Congestive Fever. Typhoid Fever. Colitis. Opium. Entero-mesenteric Fever. Erysipelas. The Ovaries. Gonorrhoea. Miasmatic Remittent Fever. The Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye. Yellow Fever. Diseases of Rockingham Co., N. C. Typhoid Fever. Colo-rectitis as it prevailed in Ken- tucky, in 1853-4-5. Signs of Pregnancy. Physiology of Digestion. 15 Jordan, J. C. Jordan, M. D. L. Juett, David P. Kelly, Hiram N. Kerr, Harvey Knipe, Francis M. Lane, John T. Lennon, John Lewis, George R. Lewis, Thomas M. Lyman, J. Baldwin Mabry, Lucien L. Marr, Charles Maxwell, J. Marcellus McAden, John H. McCleery, James P. McConnell, William H. McCulloch, Thomas J. McFall, David M. McKelvey, Charles E. McLeod, James P. Miller, Thomas M. Miller, William H. Mitchell, Benjamin W. Morey, Andrew C. Morrison, N. B. Nagle, H. M. Nesbit, Joseph A. Newland, J. Oscar Nisbet, William M. Nobles, William H. Nowlin, John B. W. Orton, Henry Parker, George W. Parker, John R. Pattishall, Daniel Payne, Edward D. Payne, R. L. Peake, Humphrey Pearce, James F. Peebles, J. II. Pepper, James R. Pepper, John G. Perchment, John, Jr. Phillips, W. E. T. Plummer, Orlando P. S. Poole, R. D'Orsay Price, William B. Prince, Thomas H. Raine, John R. Ravenscraft, William H. Redden, Joseph W. Reynolds, Samuel K. Rhoads, Reuben B. STATE OR COUNTRY. North Carolina. Tennessee. Kentucky. Pennsylvania. Indiana. Pennsylvania. Georgia. Canada West. Pennsylvania. Virginia. Massachusetts. South Carolina. Pennsylvania. Georgia. North Carolina. Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania. Virginia. Indiana. Illinois. Alabama. Virginia. Virginia. Missouri. New York. Maryland. Pennsylvania. Indiana. Kentucky. Alabama. Alabama. Virginia. Canada West. North Carolina. Virginia. Georgia. Pennsylvania. North Carolina. Arkansas. South Carolina. Mississippi. Virginia. Virginia. Pennsylvania. Kentucky. Illinois. Maryland. Illinois. Tennessee. Virginia. Virginia. Delaware. Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania. SUBJECT OF THESIS. Hysteria. Foetal Circulation. Dysentery. Parturition. Acute Pneumonia. Hernia. Typhoid Fever of Middle Georgia. Concussion of the Brain. Pathology of Pneumonia. Rubeola. The Ophthalmoscope and its Uses. Puberty. Scarlatina. Circulation of the Blood. Diabetes Mellitus. Homoeopathy. Mental Tonics. f Epidemic Dysentery as it prevailed in X Washington Co., Va., in 1856. Intermittent Fever. Malaria. Typhus Fever. ( Typhoid Fever as it occurred in the \ Valley of Virginia. Typhoid Fever. Hereditary Predisposition to Disease. Mania a Potu. Acute Colo-Rectitis. Typhoid Fever. Epidemic Dysentery. Phthisis Pulmonalis. Therapeutic Effect of Cold Water. Scarlatina. Retentio Alvina. Fistula in Ano. Intermittent Fever. Intermittent Fever. Acute Dysentery. Scarlatina. / Propter solum uterum mulier est X quod est. Pneumonia. Acute Rheumatism. The Influence of Climate on the Phy- sical and Intellectual Character of Man. f Physiological Development of the X Embryo. Digestion. Dynamic Power. Asiatic Cholera. Intermittent Fever. !The Anatomico-Physiological Peculi- arities of the Genital Organs of Woman. Valvular Affections of the Heart. f The Physician and his Responsi- X bilities. Remittent Fever. Cholera Infantum. /Mutual Relation between the Heart \ and Lungs. Secretion of Milk. Fractures of the Clavicle. 16 NAME. STATE OR COUNTRY. SUBJECT OF THESIS. Riegel, Henry H. Pennsylvania. Scarlatina. Rieger, Francis A. A. T. (M.D .)Missouri. Oblique Inguinal Hernia. Rogers, J. W. Tennessee. Evidences of Pregnancy. Roy, Gustavus G. Virginia. Physiology of Digestion. Rush, David G. Pennsylvania. Inflammation. Ruth, Daniel G. Pennsylvania. Entero-Mesenteric Fever. Sample, Samuel R. Pennsylvania. Acute Pneumonitis. Sanderson, E. L. Alabama. Menstruation. Sandford, James Virginia. Chloroform. Sandford, John W., Jr. North Carolina. Valvular Disease of the Heart. Scales, Samuel W. Tennessee. Puerperal Fever. Scott, George H. Illinois. /Anatomy and Physiology of the X Uterus. Scull, Benjamin F. Arkansas. Suspended Foetal Animation. Sealy, James E. Tennessee. Erysipelas. Seawell, William T. Virginia. Gonorrhoea. Shannon, T. Jefferson, (M. D .)Ohio. Hydrocele. Sharp, Samuel C, Jr. Pennsylvania. Acute Rheumatism. Shropshire, James W. Georgia. Tonsillitis. Simpson, George W. Tennessee. Parturition. Smith, Jacob Canada West. Typhoid Fever. Smith, W. R. Georgia. Scarlatina. Solliday, Edwin S. Ohio. The Language of the Physician. Spencer, Charles W. "' Missouri. Menstruation. Spratt, John B„ Kentucky. Menstruation. Stark, Daniel P. Kentucky. Anaemia. Stark, Edwin A. Missouri. Malarious Poison. Stell, W. W. Texas. Typhoid Fever. Stephenson, Marcus P. New York. / Muco-Purulent Diseases of the Con-X junctiva. Stokes, James S. Mississippi. Bloodletting. Strudwick, Edmund North Carolina. Dysentery. Summers, Rowland T. Indiana. Typhoid Fever. Swartz, Joseph Pennsylvania. Concussion of the Brain. Swiler, William E. Pennsylvania. Dysentery. Thomas, Charles E. New Jersey. Psychologia. Thompson, Stephen B. Pennsylvania. Diervilla Tournefortii. Thruston, R. Turnbull South Carolina. Typhus Fever. Tigner, Leander Georgia. Acute Gastritis. Trist, H. B. Pennsylvania. Scurvy. Upton, William A. Tennessee. (Epidemic Typhoid Fever of East ( Tennessee, in 1856. Van Artsdalen, Franklin V. Pennsylvania. Dysentery. Vineyard, John H. Mississippi. Bilious Remittent Fever. Walton, John J. Georgia. Typhoid Fever. Ware, George G. Tennessee. Inflammation. Watlington, Thomas J. North Carolina. Entero-mesenteric Fever. Weaver, Junius W. Virginia. Physiology of Digestion. Wilburn, John C. Alabama. Emansio Mensium. Williams, K. Mississippi. Acute Synovitis. Williams, William A. South Carolina. Cinchona. Wilson, James E. Virginia. Dyspepsia. Windsor, Norman Virginia. Ascites. Witherspoon, H. F. (M. D.) Texas. Scarlet Fever. Wolf; Jacob G. (M. D.) Indiana. Pernicious Intermittent Neuralgia. Wolfe, William E. Delaware. Pleuro-Pneumonia Biliosa. Wood, Marcus M. New York. Menstruation. Wooding, Nathaniel H. Virginia. Respiration. Wright, Mansur H. Indiana. Vaccination. Yarbrough, Wiley Texas. Intermittent Fever. Yerkes, John D. Pennsylvania. Physiology of Absorption. Young, Alexander New Jersey. Typhoid Fever. Total 212. ROBLEY DUNGLISON, Bean.