Suggestions to Purchasers. In ordering goods please specify Catalogue Number, and the name of article. Write the name of your Town, County and State distinctly, and by all menus write your own Name as plainly as |x>ssil>le. Remittances can be made by P. (). Order or Draft on N. Y., pay able to JEROME KIDDER M’F’G CO. We will not hold ourselves responsible for money enclosed in or- dinary mail letters. All goods forwarded by Express unless otherwise ordered. The limit of Mailable Merchandise matter is 4 ]>ounds and the jxjh- tal rates for same is 1 cent per ounce or fraction of ounce. Our Terms are CASH, unless orders are accompanied with first-class N. Y. City references All orders received minus remittance or reference will l>e forward- ed C. 0. D. by Express, with additional charges for return of money. When Goods are ordered C. 0. D. we require a remittance of not less than one third the amount, to cover express charges in case goods are not claimed on arrival, and returned to shipper with ex- pense of transportation both ways. Orders G. O. I), or otherwise not accompanied by remittance, we add additional for packing boxes which are charged at cost price When order is accompanied by remittance we pack goods gratis. Upon receiving from Transportation Companies receipt for gooe fully prepaid, and never contaiu writing as jx>st office department will charge Let- ter Postage, which in many cases would amount to more thuu value of goods. We are not resjxmsibie for Goods left at our establishment over 60 daya All our Machines and Appliances Warranted PERFECT in every respect. ✓ JEROME KIDDER M’F’G CO., 820 BROSDWSY, N. Y. DR. JEROME KIDDER’S HIGHEST PREMIUM, VITALIZING, GENUINE SIX AND NINE CURRENT ELECTRO-MEDICAL APPARATUSES, “Your method of varying the Primary as well as the induced currents, surpasses all other devices I have studied, as tested by scientific instruments and by physiological effects.” R. Ogden Doremus, M.D., Prof. Chemistry and Physics in the N. Y. City College, and Prof . Chemistry and Toxicology Bellevue Hospital Medical College. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the years 1860 Si 1867, by JEROME KIDDER, M.D., In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1871, by JEROME KIDDER, M.D., In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by Jerome Kidder, M.D., in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. [All rights reserved.] Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1874, by Jerome Kidder, M.D., in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. [All rights reserved.] Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1875, by Jerome Kidder, M.D., in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. [All rights reserved.] Copyright, 1877, by Jerome Kidder, M.D. [All rights reserved.] AupcricrJtjj.” Copy of the Diploma Awarded by the American Insti* tute from 187610 1883 inclusive. Also Highest Awards wherever exhibited in competition, which is proof of the Superior Qualities and Combination of our Apparatus, as well as the simplicity of operation. Summary as to Different Physiological Qualities of Electricity. Currents of different qualities liave not only different characters of sensa- tion, and different effects on muscular irritability, as recognized by all who have carefully scrutinized in regard to these varied electrical phenomena, but also one quality even when so weak in power as not to produce any pain, but rather a pleasant sensation, will show flashes of light when properly ap- plied, as with large surface of wet sponge over the closed eye. Secondary currents produce light to the eye, that is, they exercise the func- tion of the optic nerve without producing pain, only when the tension of the current is increased to a certain degree in ratio with the diminished quantity. This effect is shown best by using the negative sponge at the eye, and having not very slow, but moderately slow interruptions by the vibrating armature, as produced by Dr. Kidder’s apparatus, yet the proper quality as regards tension or pitch is requisite. • Another quality of current, even when the current is made strong enough to produce pain, will show no light to the eye—will not exercise the vital function of the optic nerve. The preceding facts show conclusively that electricity can be varied in qual- ity so as to produce different effects on different vital functions. II must not seem strange to find electricity produced in many differ- ent qualities to have varied effects. There are, indeed, other facts recognized as true, and which might seem stranger still—for it is well known to all chem- ists, that the same proportion and kind of atoms may form substances so dif- ferent in their nature as to be recognized as entirely different substances. For example, spirits of turpentine and oil of bergamot are identical in composition, being composed of ten atoms carbon, and eight of hydrogen, and the difference is recognized as merely that of the allotropic conditions and arrangement of the atoms. Also, light is recognized as the effect of vibrations or wave motions in the ether, which is everywhere; and the different colors result from the dif- ferent length of these waves. (See Prof. Draper’s Chemistry, and other scien- tific text-books.) And yet, even the difference in the character of the vibrations or wave lengths of the ether gives a difference in their chemical effects; for, in- deed, it is known to be chiefly the yellow ray which causes the absorption of the carbon from the carbonic acid gas in the atmosphere into the solid form of a tree, by the influence of the sunlight falling upon its leaves. And it is the in- digo ray which is chiefly concerned in causing hydrogen and chlorine to unite by passing light through a glass vessel containing a mixture of the two gases. Also, sound results from vibrations in the atmosphere or other media. Yet sounds may have differences in pitch, and also differences in qualities of tones, having the same pitch. Its effects are what the spirit of man receives as jarring discords or sweet harmonies, and successions and qualities of tones, that inspire the emotions of courage and hope, or produce solemn and mournful feelings. Considering the fact that mere variations or modifications in vibratory or wave motions produce differences in effects, we should not think it strange, but should rather expect, that the magnetic influence which excites the electricity in metallic helices would produce currents modified in qualities, by varying the physical condition of those helices; for, by varying the helices, we vary the medium of vibratory or wave motions resulting from polarizations, whose phenomenon is electricity. It is because the terms quantity and tenson, as applied to electricity, do not express the real distinction in its qualities, that the terms are so generally mis- understood when thus used. The term intensity is often misused for power, but the difference is as plain as the difference between loudness and pitch imfegard to sounds. A musical string conditioned for a given pitch does not c/yatnge that pitch by a greater or less force of the blow causing it to" vibrate** it simply changes its loudness. And in regard to electricity, the magnetic force upon the helix determines the power or strength of the induced current; but the inten- sity or tension, that is, quality, is determined, not by the amount of magnetic force upon the helix, but by the physical construction of the helix itself. (See other pages of this manual.) No. 1. Physicians’ Office Electrc-Medical Apparatus, large size, having four coils and ten currents. Hr means of the switch 3, the second coil can also be thrown into the primary circuit at option. The current from any of the ten combinations Is brought by the arms 8, 4, to the two front screw-cups to which the conductors are attached, liy moving the lever H to the right or left, the currents are momentarily reversed in their direction ; and the pole that feels the strongest by changing when in the hands is always the negative. Polished walnut case, with bound corners, and drawer underneath the helix. Size of case, 10} inches long, 9 wide, and 7J deep. The brass works are nickel plated. Price, including Handles and Sponge-Holder, $50.00. Veneered rosewood case bound and ornamented with German silver. Price. $37.00. Jjigljesf (.'cutcniiiul jiJyljiBiKoii The discrimination in the Centennial awards, as is well known, existed in the WRITTEN REPORTS ON awards by the judges, and not in the medals, which were all alike. Dr. Kidder, as far as he knows, is the only one who has published any authorized report up- on such apparatus. The Centennial award is as fol- lows: International E.xhibitiofl, PHILADELPHIA, 1876. The United States Cen- itennial Commission has examined the report of the [Judges, and accepted the following reasons, and de- creed an award in con- formity therewith. Philadelphia, Feb. 24, 1877. “ product, GALVANIC APPARATUS. REPORT ON AWARDS. Name and Address of Exhibitor, JEROME KIDDER, M. D„ New York. The undersigned, having examined the product herein described, respectfully recommend the same to the United States Centennial Commission for award lor the following reasons: For the Scientific basis and the excellent workmanship of all the exhibited Apparatus: for the in- troduction of a new method to get very rare interruptions from a self-acting interrupter; for the fitness for the purposes of changing tlie quality ami quantity of the galvanic current, and for the very good construction of Galvano-Caustic Apparatus. Dr. ERNST FLEISCHL, Signature nf the Judge. Approval of the Group of Judges. W. ROTH, M. D., Surg.-Gen., Saxony, German Army. ,J. H. THOMPSON, A. M„ M. D. C. D. WHITE, M. D. A True Copy of the Record. FRANCIS A. WALKER, Chief oj the Bureau of Awards. Given by Authority of tile United States Centennial Commission. J. R. HAWLEY, President. A. T. GOSHORN, Director-General. i. L. CAMPBELL, Secretary. ||o[& JjJebat J|5tfar&eb io ])r. Jerome J|i&&er, at the Fair of the American Institute jn the fall of 1875, for the best Electro- Magnetic Machine either here or abroad The value of this a- ward is shown by the status given to it by the Institute, thus: “XII.—The Medal of Progress. This Medal (of gold) is to be awarded only for a machine, product or process which shall be adjudged so important as to make a decided advance and great improve- ment, and be satis- factorily shown to' BE A DISCOVERY OR INVENTION OF THE FIRST ORDER OF IK. PORTANCE AND VAL- UE IN SCIENCE OR IN THE INDUSTRIAL ARTS This is the only genuine gold medal awarded for Electrical Apparatus by the American Institute, and as far as we can learn, the only one from any Institute or Society. And in the years 1876 to 1880, the Diplomas for maintained superiority were awarded; the shield of that of 1876 is given elsewhere. All the advanced scientific practitioners uw and recommend Dr. Kidder's Im- proved apparatus , because of the genuine modifications of electricity devel- oped on the differently conditioned coils, and the means which command tiieir perfect operation. The only authorized testimonial front Prof. Doremus, shows the decided superiority of these apparatuses. MT Be careful to examine the date and to whom addressed of all pretended testimonials from Prof. Doremus. No. 4. Orpics and Family Machine, shows without the lid. No 4 has three coils, and six variations of the qualities of the currents, operateil*hy one open battery, which is for weeks and montln. con- stantly ready for use. without changinK the fluid, and a bottle a< coin pan ies. into which the fluid can be loured whenever desired. Price, with switch arranged to use the second coU in the primary circuit, when desired Price without switch arrannement, w We also put the No. 4 machine in the same size case as No. 6, and Supply with h a Tip Battery. Price complete. The Electanima-Seope, Fig. 1. Fig. 2. A Peep into Infinity. AN IMPROVED MICROSCOPE, Magnifying Four to Five Hundred Times. This Microscope is adapted to the study of Botany and Crystals, and exam- ining impure water. By passing a quantity current, or a high-intensity current of electricity through the object containing animalculae, parasitic, or fungus growths, they are perceivably affected, and in reversing the circuit care should be exercised or they may be either killed or destroyed. INSTRUCTIONS. In using this Microscope, it is sufficient to apply on the Square Side of the Lens either of the following : Water in which flowers have remained about 48 hours, or a piece of Baker’s Dough, or damaged Rye Flour, Cheese Mite, etc., etc. Insects and dry subjects should be slightly damped and placed carefully on the glass. Fig. 1 shows the instrument complete. Fig. 2 shows the part used when desired to place under a more powerful microscope. • Price, Fig. 1, $2.00, and Fig. 2, $1.50. PATENTED MARCH 25, 1884. On remittance, we supply Microscopes of the best quality, to order, mag- nifying from 1,000 to 5,000 times, ranging in price from $7 to $50. * The Apparatus No. 4 and No. 5 are most in demand. Though presenting a good appearance, they are not made for show. The coils of all the genuine Dr. Kidde* machines are constructed with reference to the medical qualities of electricity with- out regard to expense—thus differing from all the other induction apparatuses, which are constructed to get up a hurt influence from the cheapest possible coils. We frequently receive letters from Physicians who have large country practice, wishing us to select a machine that will answer all their requirements. To such we would say, that our No. 5 machine is designed for carrying about, as the battery is a perfect hydrostat and all the plates can be raised entirly free from the solution, and always ready for use at pleasure. For office and family use the No. 4 would answer very well, although the ma- chine has not so great a range of qualities as No. 5. We also make a small machine with three variations in the qualities of current (see cut herewith.) This is somewhat smaller than the No. 4 machine, and is afar better machine than any other in the market at the same price. Price complete with same attachments as No. 4 machine, No. 6. Various forms of Holders of Needles for Electrolysis. $15 00 $ 1.00. Water Rheostat $ 3.00. $1.50. Carroll’s Aesthesiometer. $ 4.00 A superior Pocket Induction (Faradaic) Apparatus, having very expensive collsrsoasto get the desired ranges in the qualities of currents, in a very small space. It operates by means of a very little hisulphute of mercury, gives very strong powor, and is more satisfactory In Its operation than any other pocket apparatus made in any country. (See award by the American Institute otherwhere In this catalogue.) Two bandies and sponge-clasps with conducting cords accompany each apparatus. Price with three coils and six different qualities of cui rents, $20. Price with four colls and ten different qualities of currents. $24. Dr. Kidder’s (ialvano-Caustic Batteries are unequalled as to their efficiency and convenience of operation. The elements are made movable horizontally in their relation to the fluid of the cells, so as to substitute continuously bat- tery fluid which has recovered its allotropic power from having been released from action. One of these forms, consisting only of two cells, each 8$ inches long, 2i wide and 4} deep, will retain a nlatinum wire No. 19 at a white heat constantly for more than a quarter of an hour, bee the cut below. The price of this kind of battery, constructed to have the highest power for the size, is $-'>0.00. ~r Same size of battery, but of cheaper construction, minor tions, price $25.00. These are also made to suspend the elements over Jthe )cells. Price. $1.00 extra. Dr. Kidder has perfected instruments that will sufficiently withstand the heat of these powerful batteries, which he warrants to be superior to anv similar batteries vet constructed. Small and powerful (lalvano Can*!to Mattery. Patented Ufld. Directions for ||alvtmo ifauferv Datterv* SOUTJON. Is composed of Bi-Chromate Potassa, Sul- fiiuric Acid and water. To two ounces of Bi- chromate Potassa, dissolved in 15 ounces boil- ing water, and add when cold (> ounces Commercial Sulphuric Acid. This quantity is sufficient to charge the two cell apparatus. Each cell contains about 11 fluid ounces. This solution can be made in large quantities and put away (well sealed) for future use. The following formula will make one gallon:—lti ounces Bi-Chro- mate Potassa, dissolved in 6K pints boiling water, add when cold IK pints Commercial Sulphuric Acid. Zincs. The zincs will occasionally require re-amalgamating, to protect them from rapid decomposition. This can be done as follows:—Im merse the elements into the solution for a minute or two, until action takes place, then place into a saucer or shallow vessel of glass or earthenware, sufficient murcury to touch the lower ends of zincs which will absorb the murcury and cause it to spread over the surface of the zincs exposed to the action of the solution. Care should be taken not to allow the Murcury to touch the Platina Plates. If the elements are composed of zinc and carbon the latter pre- caution is unncessary as the mercury will not adhere to carbon. The zincs are throughly amalgamated before shipping. To pre- pare battery for use, fill the hard rubber cells within IK inches of top. Arrange the elements from the suspending part, and connect the cords, (that lead to the electrode)to the two connecting posts on top and when all connections are made the elements can be lowered into the solution. The form of battery (as shown in cut) has not the suspending attachment, and all connections should be made before the elements are immersed into the solution. TO ADJUST I,OOP IN HANDI.E. Withdraw the two ratchet rods from the extending tubes, then pass the platina wire through the tubes and fasten the ends of wire to the rods. If the two rods are withdrawn and wire attached to same, then the rods in- serted into tubes as far as possible the loop will be as large as the distance the rods are inserted. To increase the loop, allow as much wire as you desire before fastening to rods. The screw- posts that bind the springs upon ratchet rods, should be tight- ened so that springs press well against rods, to prevent slipping, thbii place the thumb in ring at rear end of handle, and insert the second linger into ring at front end near the tubes, and by placing the first linger against the single screw post underneath and gently closing the finger you will draw the slide toward the part where cords are attached, diminishing the size of loop and at same time close the circuit with thumb. As soon as the pressure is released, the circuit is broken and all action ceases. To further diminish the size of loop, after the slide has been drawn the full length of slot, draw one or bothofthe ratchet rods in same direction as slide. You can by this ar- rangement draw a large loop close to the ends of tubes. The cords are attached to the two connecting posts, as seen in cut, near the thumbpiece of handle. For burners, knives osseased bv any other manufacture. Price, with all these improvements, is $ti extra; witli slide, and without the levers for interrupting. $3 extra. Batteries consisting of 24 and 32 or more oells of the larger sixe, more especially for hospital usees varying in their prices, according to finish, kept on hand sod alao made to order. equal alternating current apparatus. —It is well known, or Rhould be, that the INITIAL CURE ENT or the so-called alternating induced current < m. „ which has in some instances been called "to and fro ” is very weak—not perceptible to the sensation under or- Sfe'-- dinary circumstances—while the TERMINAL CURRENT produces muscular contractions,etc. These two may be r represented by the large and small arrows, pointing in different directions, thus. The fact that the INITIAL induced currant is comparatively so weak, has been noticed by various writers: AND IT CAN BE PROVED by controlling the vibrating arma- ture with the thumb and finger, so that we may know when the circuit is closed and when it is broken, the electrodes being in the hands. THBCAUSE OP THIS is that the initial currant is produced when the vibrating spring touches the point, and that the primary coil thus metallically closed receives the induced influence within itself instead of the human body receiving it, which is, compared to the metals, a very poor conductor. But when the primary coil is opened by the vibrating spring, there is then no metallically closed coil to receive the terminal induced current, which is in the other direction, and the human body receives it and it is varied in quality (as noticed in other pages of this work) according to the physical condition of the helix in which it is received. — Dr. Kipdeb patented is 1866 an extra apparatus, entirely unique, by which EQUAL alternating currents are pro- -TTXTU .Ui, — ' ' duced. It is accomplished by means of TWO SYSTEMS of helices, their curcuits ALTERNATELY being closed and , pgr*- opened by means of a double-armed vibrating arrangement: and the currents are properly represented thus. —— Currents of equal power succeed each other in opposite directions: also, the power of each may be varied at pleasure. This apparatus has also many different qualities of currents. The same quality of current showing light to the eye, shows more light when equal alternating than even the negative does when the terminal currents are all turned in one direction, which may be done simply by moving a small knob. Secured 157 Patent in 1866, PRICE OF HELICES, WITH NICKLE PLATED METALLIC WORKS, FROM $75.00 TO $ 100.00. Smee’s element* atwpended from rubber stopper In squar*- jar, inches in diameter, $4.oa Bmee’s element* smqtended from robber stopper in round jar, St incite* in diameter, $5.00. Enlarg'd view of the great circle, wheel-armed compound switch, elector of consecutive numl>«r» of balteriee, and to lucre—*'Ot diminish the number of cells included, either with or without Interrupting the circuit. This differ* Iro/u all other current switch cell electors, in Its adaptation to throw out of the circuit, any numl»er at On- beginlug, as well ax at the end, of the series Patented, OF APPLIANCES.^ Containing Vaginal, Uterine, Rectum, Spatula, (Tongue) Bye, Ear, Brush, Sponge Clasp and Universal handle, in neat Morrocco Case, Velvet lined. Price VAGINAL, ELECTRODE. Fasten sponge over ball end and draw sponge into hard rubber cylinder. Then insert cylinder and press the sponge forward to locate in any desired place. With this form the unpleasant sensation of inserting rough sponge is abolished. Price - ..... $2.00. Instruments of any Style made to Order at short notice and of best mechanical workmanship. IMIRISC PUBLICATIONS) MAILED ON RECEIPT OF PRICE. Althaus, J, Medical Electricity. Theoretical ami Prutirul. Third Edition, Kevis- *■<1 ami partly rewritten. 8vo $(>.(H) Althavh, J. On the value of Galvanism in the Treatment of Paralysis, Neuralgia Lora of Voice, Rheumatism, etc. Fourth edition I81110, $1.40 Baktiiolow. Roberts, If. D. A Practical Treatise on the Application <>f Electric- ity to Me. 8vo, $.'t.0o. French, E. J«.\New Path in Thera |>eu tics. New Edition. with portrait. 12mo. $2.00. Moroan. Electro-Physiology and Therapeutics. 8vo. $6.50. Mevek. M. Electricity in its Relation to Practical Medicine, Translated hy W. A. Ilaininond, 8vo, 4.50. Scarce. Morrill, S. K. M. D. A Treatise of Practical Instructions in the Medical and Surgical rsea of Electricity, with illustrations, cloth $2.50 Nkftol, W. P Galvano-Thera|>eutics, Action of Galvanic Current* upon the Artis- tic, Opt.?»nu oilier Nerves. 12mo, $1.50. PrrzER. Geo. C. M. D. Electricity*in Medicine anti Surgery, ('loth Minding, Fine Puper, 11 ud Clear Tyjie. Price 1.00 PtsiBE, G. V. A Text-Rook of Electricity in Medicine mid Surgery. l2mo. $/» IS Powell, G. I). The Practice of Medical Electricity, sectmd edition. 18mo. $l.4» Reynolds, J. R. lectures on the Clinical I'ses of Electricity. Ac. second etlitioa 12mo. $1.00. Rot-EWELL, A. I). Lecture* on Electricity in it* Relation to Medicine ami Surgery 8vo sectiml e< lit ion. $ 1.25 k.NAPE, J. Electro-Dentistry, Fact* ami Olmervalion*, thirl etJMion, 8vo 40ct*. TiBHtTM.il. A Hand Book of Medical and Surgical Electricity, second etlitioa enlarged, 8vo (Ixmlon.) $.i.W). Tiiuuth, H. How to l*se a Galvanic Batter) in Medicine and Surgery, second edi- tion. 8vo. $1.40. White, W. Metlical Electricity. 12mo. $2.00. Ziemhme.v Map of the Motor Points of the Human Body. A Guide to l>M*al Electri- zation. On Rollers. $2.00 EElillliSC FOBEHttlOM. MAILED ON RECEIPT OF PRICE. A New and Enlarged Edition of Clark’s Work on ELEGTRIGAUMEDIGATION By A. W. TIPTON, M. D.f of Jacksonville, 111. This treatise will give the result of the author’s experience for the past 15 years in the use of Electricity as a curative agent, for the treatment of acute and chronic diseases. CONTENTS. INTRODUCTORY. Progress of Electric Science; Eirst Principles; Polarization; The Electric Circuit; The Current; Modifications of Elec- tricity; 'I'lie vital Eorces, Animal and Vegetable; Ex- tent of Electric Agency; Theory of Man; The Lower Animals and the Vegetable King- dom, Natural Polarization of Mans’ Phys- ical Organism, Electrical Classifi- cation of Diseases, Philosophy of Diseases and Cure. PRINCIPLES OE PRACTICE. Polar Antagonism, Importance of Not- ingtlie Central Point, Distinctive use of each Pole, Use of the Eong-Cord, The Inward and Outward Current, Mechanical effects of each Pole Relaxed and Atrophied Conditions. General direction of the Current, Treating with Electrolytic Currents, Positive and Negative Manifestations, Healing. Diagnosis with specific directions for the treatment of upwards of 150 differ- ent diseases; Acute and Chronic with Electricity and Medicines. A condensed or abridged Symptomotology of diseases given with specific di' rections for the Electrical treatment, followed by that of Alopathic, Eclectic and Homoeopathic, making the most practical, philosophical and comprehensive work ever published. Full of sound theories and practical directions. No Physician who wishes to be abreast of the times can afford to be without it. Printed in large clear type and handsomely bound. Price, $3.00 and $4.00 per copy. All orders sent by mail will be promptly attended to. TEHTinOMALK ahowinff the superiority of Dk. JEROME KIDDER'S ELECTRO-MEDICA L A PEA HA TVS. The Modified and Manifold Qualitiea of Electricity Vindicated and .Sustained. The following testimonial from It. Oodex Doremub, M. D., Piof. Chemistry and Physics in the N. Y. City College. and Prof. Chemistry and Toxicology, Hellevue Hospital Medical College, refer* to the superior merit* of Dr. Kidder’a Apparatus: “COLI.EOK or TIIK ClTY OK New York, “Cor. Islington Avenue and Twenty third Street, “New York, August 9th, 1S71. “Dr. Jerome Kidder: “ Dear Sir—Within the past few weeks I have carefully examined the con- struction of several forms of your Electro-Magnetic Machines. “ I find that they differ in philosophical principles from any I have before investigated, and that they possess, in addition, many mechanical improvements. “ By your ingenious modifications and combinations * * * * helices of wires of different lengths and thicknesses, I find that the electric effects are materially altered in a manner not accomplished by any other machines. “ These variations I have tested by galvano-metric, galvano thermic, and other scientific instruments. “ I have also experienced the va 'ad effects produced upon the human system in my own person, and have a itut—ud the same in others, on applying the cur rents of electricity from the various coils, and through oondnetors of graded lengths and sizes. “ Thus the eye can be stimulated to appreciate various amounts of light without jiain ; or slight puin may be ex(>enenood without so exciting the organ as to perceive light. Ily changing the flow of the mysterious agent, its influence may lie felt at the wrist, in the forearm, or higher up near the shoulder, in addition to all the variations of frequency, direction, and power usually provided for in electro-magnetic machine*. “I confess I was surprised at the agreeable nature of the electric current. Most persons dislike the peculiar sensations exj>erienced from the ordinary machines, and. after a first trial, decline a repetition of it. All such would appreciate not only the bearable but the pleasant effects produced by your arrangement. “ Thus you have placed in the hands of the skilled physician most valuable modifications of a power which is destined to solve muny of the mysteries of our organization, and to relieve many of the ills of life. “ In conclusion, I would state that your method of varying the Primary ss well as the Induced currents surpasses all other devices I have studied, as tested by scientific instrument! and by physiological effects. “ I most heartily commend its use to my medical brethren ss the instrument for research in this attractive field of medical inquiry. ** I have tne honor to remain, “ Your obedient servant. ** R (judex Do hi. sis, M. D." OPINION OF PROF. DOREMUS. Allegheny, Pa. Oct. 22d, 1881. Jr.home Kidder M‘f’g Co., Gentlemen: Pew days ago I purchased from a certain part}' one of your excellent Ten Current Tip Batteries. As there was no pam- phlet with the apparatus you would oblige by sending one which could serve me as a guide how to use the different combinations, there being evidently a great difference in the Therapeutical ef- fects of the various combinations, some giving quantity currents, others tension currents as I tested by experiment. Af- ter all I have seen already the “Kidder Battery still surpasses any other Electro Magnetic Apparatus in the market in re- spect of prompt action, wide range of af- fect and pleasant smoothness of its cur- rents. The tip arrangement is an in- genious device of the apparatus, all the parts of the armature are well and sub- stantially made and the coils well pro- tected. I have been using in my prac- for a number of years various makes of Electro Magnetic Batteries, but have them all discarded for the sake of the Kidder Battery. Will you please and send me latest price list of your various Electro Appliances and oblige, Respectfully yours, A. Ziegler, M. D. Napoleon, Henry Co.O, Oct. 14tn, 1881 Jerome Kidder M’f’g Co. Messrs : Enclosed please find money order* * I wish to say to you that I was cured of Rheumatism by the use of the battery three years ago and did not use the bat- tery since. I have another attack of Rheumatism and would be pleased to have you send the goods at once. I think a great deal of your batteries and can recommend them to all who are suffering from the effects of Inflama- tory Rheumatism or any form of Rheu- matism whatever. 1 would not take $100.00 for mine if I could not get an- other. Respectfully, A. F. Dove. Paducah, Ky. Aug. 27th 1881. Jerome Kidder M’f’a Co. Gentlemen: Enclosed please find money order which place to my credit and send following goods * * * I am using Hoffman and Palmers ElectroTherapeutic Bath, I have just relieved Dr. Geo. Baser of an attack of Paralysis of the entire left side of the body, including the eye; he is 68 years of age and today he walks to call on his patients. I shall send in different or- ders this fall and winter. Hoping to hear from you soon. I am very respect- fully. Ww. J. Grief, Gallipolis, Ohio, Oct. 5th, 1881. Jerome Kidder M’f’g Co. Dear Sirs: Send following, goods * * * the battery we purchased from you a few months since has given excellent satisfaction and the Physician who owns and uses it feels that it can he recommended and relied upon and has used it very suc- cessfully. Very respectfully, Kerr Bros. Columbus, Ohio, Aug. 29th 1881. Gentlemen: Your battery works finely and has proved very useful to me in two cases I had about given up. Yours, II. 1). Cii ai lain, M. D. “ USEFUL INVENTIONS. “ The employment of electro-magnetism in medicine is beginning to assume a proper importance since the investigations of Matteucci, Du Ilola Raymond, and others have thrown a Hood of light upon obscure nervous affections, and have led to a proper appreciation of treatment. That electro-magnetism is hereafter to form no inconsiderable part of this treatment cannot F>e denied, and we must welcome any invention which tend* to place this agency within the reach of the practitioner. “ KI DDK US ELBCTBO-MAONKTICI M ACIIINK is one of the most useful Inventions of the kind with which we are Acquainted. It has six currents. diHcring in their magnetic, electrolytic, and sensational effects. It is very portab.e, and very easily kept in good coudiiiou. We have witnessed its frequent employment in various medical caaes, and the results have convinced us that, in the hands of the judicious scientific physician, a large class of diseases are more amenable to such treatment than to any therapeutical means."—American Medical Timet. It is only in order to show how impoktant are the tacts which by strict investigation Dr. Kidder has discovered in regard to the many different qualities of electrical currents and the laws governing the production of the same, and to impress these facts on the attention of the public, that the fol* lowing is quoted: From the Xew York Tribune. “ At the Montreal meeting of the American Association for the Advance- ment of Science, in lMT, an evening was devoted to the splendid electrical phenomena which can be produced by the use of a powerful battery with the Kuhmkorff coil. It was stated that this coil was, as it really is, a triumph of American genius; that nothing could be procured in Europe which would compare with it, and that the shock produced was amply sufficient to kill fifty men. This latter statement, based on the known physiological effects of a shock from a current of much less power, has never been questioned among ptirely scientific men, that we know of, and the man who should propose to test it personally would be looked upon very much as would a man who should propose to test the effect upon himself of prussic acid or a flash of lightning. “ But I)r. Jerome Kidder, of this city, has dared to do it. He took this shock the other day in the laboratory of the Cooper Institute, and be is alive and well notwithstanding. The battery consisted ofsix of the large Bunsen cups, and the ltuhmkorff coil contained sixteen miles of wire. Prof. Vanderweyde prepared the apparatus, and vouches for the experiment. “ Dr. Kidder was led to doubt * * * # * * by his experiments in endeavoring to secure the best electrical machine for medical pur|>o*cs To the quack, electricity is electricity, as an egg is an egg; but the M'lEMTIFIC 1*11 Y*ICI A\ (and electricity is beginning to l»e used in this country by physicians, though not to so great an extent as in Europe, where it is even introduced into the hospitals,) demands an apparatus from which he can secure galvanism, or Paradaic currents—so called from Faraday, who discovered the induced currents—separately or in combination, of any required power, and of any required tension or capacity of penetration. Galvanism is required, for instance, in mercurial disease*, where minerals HI• to Im? thrown out of the body, while tlx- Far i Uic < urr* lit is required for action u|>on the sentient or motor nerves in paralysis, rheumatism, and neuralgia. The use of the variation of power and tension is evicent All these Dr. Kidder has succeeded in obtaining by the use, now patented, of different helices, singly or in combination with each other, or with the gal- vanic current. Finding that the longer the wire used the greater the tension, and consequently the greater the ease with which the current is conducted through the body, he argued that the enormous length of the wire in the Huhmkorff coil must render the current so highly conductible that, in spite of its great power, it would not lacerate the tissue* of the body. He ha* staked his life on his opinion, and won it.” [There Is s mistake !n the above In regard to the RahmkorlT colt being sn Amertran In- vention, for !t was PogjrendorlT. in Europe, who Inrented the improvement in the wlndingof this coil, which is practically followed by ail makers of aucu colls of the present day. J. a.J Valentine Mott, M.D., for many years Professor in the New York Medi- cal University, until his death, in the summer of 18d5, recognized the superior merits of this apparatus by the follow- ing testimonial: “ Electricity, as a remedial agent, is in- vested with increased interest and im- portance, as the apparatus employed is more perfectly adapted to such use. Dr. Jerome Kidder, of this city, has labored successfully to produce a really superior Electro Medical Apparatus. The ma- chine which he has brought forward, secured by Letters-Patent of the United States, has six currents, having each different qualities, as he has fully proved by magnetic, chemical, and physiological tests, whereby they plainly exhibit their difference of Magnetism, Galvanism, and Faradayism—the latter modified by tension, so as to be concen- trative or diffusive. And it is per- fectly controlled in power. These fea- tures. and also improvements to com- mand their perfect operation, constitute them among the useful auxiliaries in therapeutic practice. ” of the kind with which we are ac- quainted. It has six currents, differing in their magnetic, electrolytic, and sen- sational effects. It is very portable, j and very easily kept in good condition. I We have witnessed its frequent em- ! ployinent in various medical cases, and the results have convinced us that, in | the' hands of the judicious scientific [ physician, a large class of diseases are more amenable to such treatment than j to any therapeutical means.”—American, ; Medical Times. 1 ‘ Having performed several cures which gave me infinite confidence in your machines, tfcc. * * * I am surprised at finding Electro-Magnetism so little advocated, etc. “Edward Schieferdecker, M.D., “Wittenberg, Mo.” I am in possession of one of your Electro-Vital Machines. I have used it for nearly two years, and find it to be the best remedial agent for nervous complaints that we have ever found. “Jon Hakmon, M.D., “Tipton, Indiana.” “Dr Kidder has undoubtedly suc- ceeded in producing the best and most appropriate machine of the kind. Too much praise canuot be given to them, principally by reason of the various qualities of the currents they produce, the usefulness of which can only be doubted by persons unacquainted with the theory and practical uses of elec- tricity as a remedial agent. “ P. H. Van der Weyde. “Late Professor of Chemistry, New York Medical College, Cooper Union, and Girard College, Philadelphia.” “ The machine has worked admira- bly. We have several kinds of ma- chines about here, but none give satis- faction equal to yours. “ L. D. Ross, M.D., “ Beuson, Rutland Co., Vermont.” ’ t ’ ‘ ‘ The battery that I purchased of you about a month since is working admira- bly. I have effected two interesting, if not remarkable cures with it already. “ Dr. E. J. Gkoom, “ Bristol, Pa.” Useful Invpntions.—“The employ- ment of electro-magnetism in medicine is beginning to assume a proper im- portance since the investigations of Mat- teucci, Du Bois-Reymond, and others have thrown a flood of light upon j obscure nervous affections, and have { led to a proper appreciation of treat- j ment. That electro-magnetism is here- j after to form no inconsiderable part of this treatment cannot be denied, and we must welcome any invention which tends to place this agency within the reach of the practitioner. “ KIDDER’S ELECTRO MAGNETIC MA- CHINE is one of the most useful inventions/ ‘ ‘ I have examined several different instruments, a French, and , and a very neat one with, Ac., but I am satisfied that yours is the instrument, and will not undertake the cases on hand without it. ‘" Very truly yours, 11 L. it. Boyek, M.D., “ 209 Central Avenue, “ Albany, X. Y.” 4 41 have your machine in competition with several other makers, and use it daily in preference to all others. ‘•H. P. Bakek, 44 Odessa. Newcastle Co.. Del." Them certificate* of cure* are pu/lishrd, not for the information of thoee intelligent physicians in yeu> York ami elsewhere who already know what the proper qvaUtit* of electricity can accomplish, hut for thorn physicians who hate not qiten attention to the therapeutic use* of electricity. Mr. A. J. Steele wns marvellously restored to health by Dr. Jerome Kid- der's Vitalizing Electro-Medical Appar- atus. Those in the West and in dif- ferent parts of the country who have learned of the wonderful cure of Mr. A. J. Steele, of jMiralysis, at the age of 54 years, and the remarkable restoration of physical elasticity, vigor and power of endurance which, as he averred, might well arouse the envy of the greater pro- portion of such of his young country- men who could boost of but half that numl»er of years—should know that it was Dr. Jerome Kidder’s Six-< urrent Vitalizing Electro- Mtslical Apparatus which, by the Divine will, effected this important cure. The occasional cerebral distress follow- ing a severe attack of congestion of the bruin wan so nuddeniy relieved by the proper use of the 1) electrode of Dr. Je- rome Kidder’s Klectro Medical Appara tus, that the subject writes: “ The effect to me was like life from the dead ! * * * I consider it a duty which I owe to suffer- ing humanity, as well as to God, to write you these few lines. May God bless you in your work. *• I am your thankful and grateful ser- vant. “ Rev, K. \V. Olivek, “ Prof. Divinity in the Prot. Ep. Semi- nary. Nebraska City, Nebraska.” “ I am highly pleased with it* power to renovate the qrittm. * * * My hunhand han grout confidence in your battery. A large lump ha* lieen grow- ing on hi* neck for over 2o yean, which ha* juat iieen removed by electricity.” “Mr*. T. P. Hobshbook, “Wheeling. Went Virginia." “ Dr. Jkkomk Kiddkr: “ Dear Mr—About the 1st December. Btfcl. my right leg was almost paralyzed. «o that I could use it only with great difficulty. I learned from the physi- cians that it was an affectiou of the sciatic nerve; and electricity was the only remedy proposed by several jdiy- sicians, all of whom said it was a had affair. After obtaining three or four operations with a physician, I heard of your machine through a neighbor. 1 purchased one, and the result with it is a cure of my leg by my own use of it I feel very grateful to you for a machine that tuts been so beneficial to me. ** Very truly yours, ** A. J. 8TKEI.E.” “ I have been usinKyour Electro-Medi- cal Apparatus with (Treat miooeaa 1 have practised 80 yean* on the Allopathic system anil huve seen nothing to equal electricity fin a laiye variety of oases). I have used the instrument three week* only, and hanlly t**U yet wliat it will do. “ l>r. A. T. ScmtvvKK. Holliilaysbunf. Pa” *'j H. < 'alahon jf<»t the I’attery for me la*t spring a year ago, which 1 think saved my life I ha/1 the dv*p.|mia and liver complaint of long standing “Gff>Eox DffTWRIUR, “Wilmington P. O . Pa." M I>r. Kiddkk : “ Sir—After having tried five dif- ferent physician* for my wife's health, hot all to no avail. I was perxuaded to purchase one of your Magnetic Ma- chine** of l>r. Bryant, who was then stopping near this place, and it ha* been of such great benefit to her that I would not be without it for a thousand dol- lars. You may think I value it pretty high, but if you had seen my wife three months ago. and could see her now, you would think it would be a cheap ma- chine at a thousand dollars. “ H. C. Kennedy. “ Putnamville, Ind,” “ I liare uaed your unhiiw for alwut nine month*. • • • Thi* machine surpaaae* anything for therapeutical puqxiae* known to man [where elec- tricity is indicated a* the remedyJ. “ N. W. IIHOWM, “ Middle Boulder, Colorado" We have one of your vitalizing FJw tro-Magnetic machine*, which we pur cnaeed of I)r W. N. Towndrow lairt win ter. It ha* done wonder* for our m<>the« These certificates of cures are published, not for the information of those intelligent physicians in New York and elsewhere who already know what the proper qualities of electricity can accomplish, but for those physicians who have not given attention to the therapeutic uses of electricity. who has been an opium-eater for several years. She took, last winter, one-eighth ounce morphine every 24 hours for three months. It lasts now (a bottle) 40 days by the help of the instrument. “ D. C. B. “Neosho, Dodge Co., Wisconsin.” servant girl was suffering terribly with neuralgia in cheeks, and was cured in 15 minutes by your machine, so that she has not had it since. “ C. R. Fich.” ‘ ‘ Hundreds of dollars would not pur- chase it of me if I could not get another, so much do I feel I owe to its effects in restoring me to health and soundness of body. “A. Madison, “ Pittsfield, Mass.” Mrs. A. P. Brossett, of Williamsburg, reports her case : “Had hemiplegia; could scarcely walk; great pain in nerves, and contrac- tion of muscles, drawing back the foot; numbness to the touch; knotty bunches in cords under the knee, with excruci- ating pains ; limb felt hot with fever, as recognized by her mind, while to the touch it was cold; veins in limb and also on forehead swollen, flattened wide, and black. Had three physicians, two of whom said they could do nothing for her, and one said electricity would not do in her case, because she was too ner- vous. Another physician advised the use of Dr. Jerome Kidder’s Electro-Med- ical Apparatus. Its use caused the veins to become normal, cured the pain, and relieved the paralysis so that she could walk well, and was almost en- tirely well” “ I have used the large machine sometimes regularly every day for seve- | ral weeks together, hut oftener at inter- I vals of longer duration, and I have | derived the greatest benefit, both as re- j gards general health, and also more j especially as regards a swelling about i the joints of the left knee, which other remedies entirely failed to remove. By the continued use of the machine daily for about five weeks, the swelling was entirely removed, and I have never j suffered the least pain. If it should he of any consequence I would certify this in a more formal manner. “ Yours, “George Stranciion, “ Head Master of Grammar School at {Woodstock, C. W.” ‘ ‘ I have suffered for the last 3 or 4 years with dyspepsia and its attendant consequences. I could find no relief by the ordinary way of treatment. I was induced to try the effect of one of your electric machines, and am glad to say, with the most successful result. It has cured me, and I have gained forty pounds in weight during the three months I have used it. “ J. S. Stanbuuy, “ New Brighton, Staten Island.” “ I bought of you, in November last, an Electro-Medical Machine, the Phy- sician’s Office size. I used it for asthma, which I had severely. Not only has it benefited my asthma, but it has made a wonderful cure of polypus in my nose, removing polypus and nearly curing catarrh. I have used the apparatus six to eight hours daily, or rather nightly, keeping the sponges on me during sleep. ‘ ‘ Very respectfully, “ Andrew J. Goss. “ Collector of Customs, “St. Augustine, Florida.” “ I was so that I could not move about from rheumatism. I had to be in a dark room from weakness and in- flammation of the eyes. I had soreness of the chest and coldness and stiffness of the legs and knees. Feet cold in summer when I had on two pairs of wollen socks—slept in summer in flannel blankets. Your Electro-Medical Appa- ratus has relieved me entirely. I have tried other forms of galvanic baths and electrical apparatus, but not with' such favorable results as with yours My A. Roe, formerly at 27 Park Place, New York, suffered greatly from neu- ralgic rheumatism for five years, and could not walk; he said he could get no relief, and despaired of a cure till he used this apparatus, which cured him in one month. ■SoKRISTOWV. PENN. A co. 15th, 1HH1. Jerome Kidded MV a Co., (Ienti.emex Thinking that the results of h Ion'4 continued use of Dr. Jerome Kidder’s Elertn* Medical Apparatus may be of service to you I reader the following. Aliout 16 years ago I wusstricken with Paralysis of the Brain, accompanied by it general Uepiossion of the nervous ami muscular functions; resulting mainly, from overwork, ln>tli mental and physical For two years I used the remedial agents cf the nunlical fraternity, iieing hlisten*d and fed on iron and other otllcinal prepar- ations, but with indifferent results. I then placed myself under Electrical treatment by Dr. Beckwith, of Phil, (now deceased) who, in ten applications brought me to such a state os to enable me to travel and make the succeeding applications myself. Dr. Beckwith furuishi*d me with one of Dr. Kfolder's No. 4 Batteries, which I used with comfort and advantage for some years, after which I obtained from Dr. Kidder a Tip Battery, one of which I always mean to keep about the house. 1 do not hesitate to say that I owe my present existence to the persistant ise or electricity. The two yean spent in trying drugs allowed the Brain difficulty to liecotne chronic, and relief had to In* obtained by gradations. I am now as fully recovered as I ever expect to be, having reached 57 yean, u time when the down grade of life is generally found to have tieen reached. 1 have used the Battery for almut all ills to which I have been subject, with marked wccmi ; and have frequently uf- forded relief tofriemls who were suffer- ing from Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Ac. One cun* of Neuralgia In the Temples was cured in half an hour’s application of the A. I). current —negative to the feet, and |NMitive in the left hand of o|MTator, while Is1 bathed the Temples alternately w ith his right hand. This case had been , of considerable duration, and fly-blisters j bad lieeu applied to tin* tempi*** without benefit. Four years have since eiujieed and no return of Neuralgia. A caae of “Ganglion " Mow the knee which had liocome larger than half a hen's egg, was dl*|M‘llcd in 20 minute* application of the same current, similar- ly applied except Unit tliu positive wu* passi*I over Uie knee tiy means of til** insulated sponge holder. For my own uaelkeeptbcluittery ut the head of my lied, and call ujion it* service after retiring, mainly to induce sleep, dispell indigestion, relieve a tl'eations of ( Uie kidneys, bladder, Ac, The reetMB Unit position »wmn best adapted, undu good night's rest almost always follows the application after retiring. From itersomd experience on myself and others, I am satisfied that the runge of beneficial results claimed by Dr. Kid- der Is below rather than atiove what tin instruments will produce when judicious ly handled; 1 believe the use of Kl' Vtricity as a remedial agent, Is yet in its infancy. The objection that none but medicul men cun apply it with safety is u delu- sion, u few hours instructions “sown on g«*sl common-sense ground ” will enable a person to use the battery with safety and to advantage. Practice, uhhsl by your “Kxegesis” will enable u sensible l*erson to inuke go advised that your machines for Electro-Therapeutics, are SUPERIOR TO ALL OTHERS IN USE — What is the price of * * * ? Yours truly, J. W. Collins, M. D. Box 219, Jackson, Tenn. All necessary forms of extra appliances for applying elec- tricity in special cases, always on hand to supply on appli- cation. “ 22d W. Chestnut St., “Louihvii.lk, Oct i:tth, 1H71. “Dr. Jkromk Ku)dkk: '* Dear Sir—I am using on© of your Electro- Magnetic Machine© with more satisfaction than any other I have ever used, and for yearn I have been fa- miliar with the beat American. English, and French makers. I hnve advised , many patients to obtain your machines, but not finding them on sale, they hav< | bought in most instances greatly inferior ones. I wish to know, can you not es- tablish a depot here for the solo of your machines ? * * * * Yours truly. 4 “E. S. (iittNT. LL.D., *" Orthoj»edic Surgeon.” “ 8. Non liability to pet ont of order. “ 4. A wide range of power, enabling yon in a moment to obtain a current tuUable for the moat delicate operation, or a tension, or rather, 1 ithonld may, » quantity and qnnlity which enublc« you to achieve any deal red result*. “ I remain, youra truly, “ H. Woodward, M.l>. “ Or. Jrromk Kidder, New York.” From l)r. H. A. HknToX, Troy, X. Y., Practitioner for about forty t/rart with electricity at a wpecialfy. Thoy, July ii»i, 1H7K. * * * “ I have nix of them (Dr. Jerome Kidder* Electro-Medical Appa- ratline*] which I une an local batterien, and two to carry about; and they are in une a preaier part of the tinir. I iiave lined eighteen different kimtn, and youra in far superior to them all. “ Aduksvii.mc, Oa. “ Dn. Jrromk Riddick: “ Dfiir Sir—The ease (Infantile Par- alysis i for which I procured one of your (ialvaiio-Electric Machine*, ha* ma- terially improved by the use, and the application of electricity to the j»ara lyased muscles. Before it was l»egun, the inferior extremities were entirely pow- erless, without muscular development, or in any way under the control of the will Now tliis patient can bear her weight in the erect position, anil walk a short distance if assisted by a friend, or can do no by herself if she has some- thing by which to balance. • • • • • “ Very respectfully, ** Your obedient servant, ‘•John W. Bowdoin, M.D.” ‘‘The nioet complete inatruni' it in uee. “ J. A. LoWK, M.T., “ Middletown. P»." "I hart* made »om« of th#* moat re- markable nirm with thin iimtt inncnt that art* known to men. “ 0. C. Fammitkk, M.D., ‘*OawfKo (’ity, N. Y.” “ I have witaemed the inoet cheering result*. and many have hailed it with joy for itn happy effecta. ••Dr. C. B. liATTKN, *• Mayuville, Ohio.’* “ To Kfty that it in the bent apparatua for the application of tiie varioun kind* of electricity yet invented, would con- vey but an inadequate idea of it* pre- eminent merit*. “CuarijmA Lkk. M I)., *• Profennor of Materia Medina aud Therapeutic*, L'nivernity of lluffalo, X. Y. “ Hare been in the regular practice 14 years, but could not reach disease* [of many forms) as I now can with the use of the machine [Dr. Jerome Kid- der's Genuine Six-Current]. It is n new thing in this country, and met with opposition from the doctors at first, but seeing the effects they admit it "Dr. W. G. Axdbmon, *• Fairfield, Iowa.” “Da. Jerome Kidder: “ Dfttr Mr—I have one of yonr Hiz- current Electro-Medical Apparatune*. which ia of ffreat value. Several yean* ago I wore out the batterien of three common machine, and never realized much benefit from their uw, but I have rarely ever uiied youra without weeing lieneflt, and very much indeed. “ Dr It. T. Wakbek, “ Thorn|monville. < oun. ” “Toronto. Canada, Not. 14, 1871. *• Dear Sir—Some two ream ago I purchase*! from yonr agent here one of your improved Induction Batteries*, and have since obtained several with ail your latent improvements, and mnst say that, although for twenty years I have been using all kinds of machine*. I know of none equal to yours in the following respects: “ 1. Great simplicity *• 2. Certainty of action. ELECTRO-ALLOTROl’O-PHYSIOLOGY. Uses of Different Qualities of Electrieity to Cure Disease* Exceedingly interesting, as far as it can be understood, is tlie manner in which certain qualities of electricity advance vital processes and so aid nature in the cure of disease. In examining this subject, let us consider the great law of allotropism, and (its allied term) isomerism, the former expressing the difference between bodies identical in composition, and the latter predicating identity of composition be- tween different bodies. There are many examples of the same elements forming different substances. Acetic acid, lactic acid, and grape sugar are each formed of the ultimate pro- portions of one part carbon, two of hydrogen and one of oxygen, as expressed by the following formulas : Acetic Acid, 2 (C IP 0)=C2 IP O2 Lactic Acid, 3 (C H2 0) = C;‘ H6 O * Grape Sugar, 6 (C H2 0)=CG II12O6 Butyric acid, Acetic ether, Aldehyde and Oxyde of Ethylene are quite differ* ent substances, yet they have the same percentage of composition, viz: Carbon, 54.55 Hydrogen 9.09 Oxygen 36.36 100.00 Their composition is expressed by these formulas: Butyric Acid C4 H8 O2 Acetic Ether C4 H8 O2 Aldehyde C2 H4 O Oxyde of Ethylene C2 H4 O Butyric Acid C4 H7 O q Acetic Ether C2 H1 O | n C2 Ha Aldehyde C2 H3 { O H J Oxyde of Ethylene (C2 H4) O Oxygen exists in two allotropic states; in one it is ordinary oxygen, and in the other it is ozone, which is called active oxygen, as it more readily decom- poses many substances. Iron exists in two allotropic states, in one of which it simulates the unoxyd- able character of gold or platinum; and in the other state it is common iron, being very readily oxydable. Charcoal, plumbago and the diamond, are only carbon existing in different allotropic states, causing them to differ as to their specific gravitj', their conduc- tion of heat and electricity, their power of absorbing, reflecting and transmit- ting light, and also in their relations to oxygen; for there are varieties of char- coal which spontaneously take fire in the air, while the diamond can be burned only in pure oxygen. The peculiar state of bodies may be retained when they unite with other bodies to form compounds. 80 carburet ted Hydrogen and otto of roses, which have the same ultimate composition, may differ, as Mi lion suggests, in the one containing charcoal carbon, and the other, diamond carbon. If carbon and hydrogen unite, it is possible we may have three different compounds one con- taining charcoal curiam, a second pluming* carbon, a third diamond carbon, or if we designate these respectively Ba C'p C'y, we may have for their formulas, Ca II, Cp II, Cy H. Influences change an Klement Influences change an element from one allotropic condition to another, nnd new chemical changes result therefrom. Sparks of electricity through the air change a |w>rtion ot the oxygen to ozone. Oxygen set free from water by the galvanic battery is often in a similar state. 'l'he indigo ray by itself, or exist- ing in light changes chlorine from the passive to the active condition, ns instanced by its causing chlorine and hydrogen to unite with an explosion. Contact with spongy platinum hns the same effect on these mixed gases. Pure chlorine gas expanded by heat, condenses again on cooling, but expanded by blue and violet light, retains its expanded bulk permanently The expansion is not more than one-tenth as great when submitted to red rays, whieh shows that it is not the heat of the ray, but the quality of the ray itself that causes tiie expansion. Iron, by a simple process, which any one can perform, (as will be shown farther on,) assumes the nature of gold or platinum as far as its oxydabie character is concerned, and can ns readily be thrown back to the nature of common iron. Thus two pieces of iron may be conditioned sons to corn|K>se the elements of a galvanic battery, one answering to the platinum, and the other to the zinc. The basis of the physiological vital processes are the chemical affinities with their ullotropic variation*, without which there could be no contraction of'inuscle, no action of the brain, no menial wakefulness; nor even could there oe sleep, for sleep is a condition in which the vital process of recuperation takes place— a restoration by means of a particular relation of the chemical nftlnities gov- erned by special ullotropic conditions of the elements of repair. When the mind has been very active, there is increased elimination of the products of waste of brain material, principally the oxvdized compounds of phosphorus. Also, when there has tieen great muscular activity, there is increased elimi- nation of the products of muscular waste,—urea, the oxydized compounds of sulphur, carbon, etc. To repair the wearing constitution, digestion, which is a regulated chemical action, takes place within the organs designed for this process. Hut digestion could tak** place, in n certain degree, without the agency of the nervous system, yet it can not be denied that certain nerves preside over that function, for it is well known that a genial condition of the mind aidsdigestion, while fear or a depressed state of the nervous system, interferes with nutrition, circulation and digestion. With regard to muscular contraction this law also applies. For though motor nerves preside over the contraction of the muscles, yet this power of con- traction exists in muscular fibre, causing it to contract from other external stimuli, independent of and without regard to the presiding influence of nerves. In some of the lower animals, muscular fibre is distinct, not connected with nerves, as in the vorticelli and infusoria*. Thu inherent irritability of muscular fibre is designated bv different terms, viz: Vie 1rriPtbUitati*, Vis Vita*, Vi* Immltt of Haller, Vi* Vitali* of dorter, thcUlatw of Ibrerhaave. Tonic Totter of Stahl, Vita Propria, Irritahilitas Hallcriuna, Inherent Purer, Kxcitahility, etc. This power of inherent responsive movement of muscular fibre, when acted upon by external stimuli, is a vital property which belongs to all living animals. Notwithstanding the inherent irritability ot muscular fibre, it is still more familiar to general knowledge that the nerves, also influenced by the will, have the power to cause these contractions As regards mental processes, the will, through the nervous system, to a great extent, determines how great shall be the action of the brain, and therefore, to a certain extent, decides when those elements—phosphorus and oxygen—shall possess the allotronic conditions, giving them affinities which cause them t® go into that manner of u lion which determines processes of reasoning and calcu- lation. Also, the will, through the nervous system, determines how great and of what character shall be the action of the muscles, and therefore, through the nervous system, decides when those elements—sulphur, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen—existing in the organized muscle, shall be modified in their allotropic conditions to have such affinities that their consequent unions contract the muscles, yielding urea, creatine, extractives, etc., which, in their further changes, are resolved to urea, sulphuric, carbonic acids, etc. Electricity closely Allied to the Nervous Influence.—Construction of an Artificial Nerve. Though electricity is not itself the nervous influence, they are closely allied. They ditfer in rate and character of conduction. Electricity moves at the rate of about 288,000 miles per second, while the nervous influence moves at the rate of about 111 feet per second, more or less, according to modifying conditions. Now let us construct an artificial nerve, and observe how it behaves on ap- plying certain kinds of stimuli wiiich excite the nerves in a living body. Here are three test tubes, nearly filled, the first with nitric acid, specific gr. 1.399, the second with nitric acid sp. gr. 1.375, the third with nitric acid sp. gr. 1.250. 1. Into the tube containing nitric acid sp. gr. 1.399 I place a wire or small rod of iron. 2. Now the nerve of an animal consists of an external sheath, the neurilem- ma, corresponding to the glass tubes, as far as its use is as a vessel to contain the working matter. Next there is the medullary substance, called the white substance of Schwan, which is an albuminoid body, (in which exist the con- stituents of nitric acid,) corresponding to the liquid in these tubes. In the centre, surrounded by the white substance, is the axis cylinder or band corresponding to this wire or rod of iron in the solution contained in the tube. Though iron is usually active, readily decomposing in nitric acid, yet this wire, after slight action at first, lias become perfectly passive, no action what* £ver taking place, as though it were platinum or gold. Fig. 1. Fig. 1.—Nitric Acid, sp. gr. 1.399. Fig. 2.—Nitric Acid, sp. gr. 1.375. We now place this wire in tlie nitric acid, sp gr. 1.250, and it is still pas- sive, but if it had been first placed in this same acid it would have been active. We now dip into this same solution another wire, a common iron wire, which is active ; a brown substance gathers upon it, and immediately small bubbles begin to rise from it. With thi? latter wire we touch the former inactive wire, and immediately it Is changed to its common condition, and chemical ac- tion commences upon that also. There was no perceptible lapse of time in which the changed condition progressed from the point touched to the more re- mote parts, as action by the acid appeared to the eye to be simultaneous upoi all parts of it. Fig. 3.’ Fig. 4.-Nitric Acid, «p. gr. 1.300. No. 8.—Nitric Acid, sp. gr. 1.250. But under modified conditions the ailotropic change progresses more slowly, showing its movement plainly. We will first change tlie wire hack to its former passive state by associating it with a wire of platinum, or with another wire already in the passive state, and gradually introducing them into the acid, sp gr. 1.31)0, the platinum, or the inactive wire, extending lower so as to go in first. Observe that this wire has again become passive, no chemical action taking place. But on placing it in the second tube of acid, sj>eoiflc gravity 1 8?ft. and touching it with an active wire, activity begins first at the part touched, and thence progresses onward, till the whole has become active. Fig. 2. Again making this wire passive as before, we place it in the tube No. 1, where we make linn contact with a wire rendered strongly active, and activity begins at the part touched, and moves much slower than in the tnbe No. 2, as shown by the rising bubbles. ' In pure nitric acid the ailotropic change in the wire sometimes moves very slowly, and sometimes after advancing a short distance from the point of con- tact of the exciting wire, it remains stationary, leaving a portico of the wire en tirely inactive in the solution, while the remaining part is being rapidly dissolved by intense chemical action. Fig. 4. In some experiments, in tube No. 1 the al- lotntyic change progressed at the rate of ilmnt one inch in twelve seconds, while in tube No. 2 it progressed at the rate of one inch in two seconds, and in tube No. 3 the rapidity of the change was so great that it seemed instanta- neous. In nitric acid, sp. gr. ranging from about 1 380 to 1.890, the ailotropic chang- can be so governed that there will be pulsations of the active change following one another from the point of contact with an active wire; and under certain conditions these pulsations can be made to follow, the first a short distance, as one-quarter inch,the next, half Inch,tbe m \t. three-quarter inch,and soon, each ailotropic pulsation going farther than that preceding it These pulsations may follow each other slowly, or at an interval of one or two seconds, or they may become more rapid, so that the intervals will be scarcely distinguishable, and still more rapid, to apparently constant action. Is it possible th .t. j4I chemical activity goes on with successive intervals of activity and passivity, yet undistinguisliahly rapid, and thus produces in conductors rapid molecular move- ments which we call electricity ? An inactive wire is made active by even slight friction or a blow Wiping it will render It active. A current of electricity will also render it active. Let the wires of platina P and N, Fig 5, be arranged so as to be conveniently closed with the poles of a galvanic battery. Fig. 5. Across these lay the iron wire w, which has previously been rendered inactive by dipping into pure nitric acid It is bright when laid there, and still wet with acid, but immediately on closing the circuit so that the electric current traverses the wire w, it becomes active, an allotropic change progressing from the positive pole, as shown by the acid on its surface becoming dark as it acts upon the iron. As a law, this allotropic change begins at, and progresses both ways from, the positive pole, and moves the entire length covered with acid ; but modifying conditions cause exceptions as to the point where the allotropic change begins. For instance, if the platina wires P, N,are the terminal conductors of a galvanic or faradaic current so weak that of itself it does not readily render the iron wire crossing them active, then that part of the wire which has been subjected to the more, however slight, attrition or concussion when laying it across, is first thrown into action. That the electric current itself, without any attrition or concussion, has power to render the wire active, is demonstrated by using a battery of a dozen strong galvanic cells, and laying the inactive wire carefully across the platina wires P and N while the circuit is open in another part. The iron wire retains its inac- tive condition till that other part of the circuit is also closed, when immediately and always at the positive pole the allotropic change commences. 3. Now let us arrange the conditions so as to make the artificial nerve actu- ally do what is done by the nerve of a living body. We take a vessel, as glass, containing nitric acid, specific gravity 1.250, and place within it a porous cell containing nitric acid, sp. gi. 1.399. In each of these cells we place a strip of sheet-iron six inches long and one inch wide,which has been rendered inactive by the means previously stated, and each strip of sheet iron has a wire con- ductor brought into relation with a certain metallic helical arrangement which is also supplied with conductors that are grasped in the hands of the human living subject. No effect is yet produced. We take an iron wire one-eiglith of an inch in diameter, which also has been rendered inactive by being dipped in nitric acid, specific gravity 1.399. With this w„ touch either of the sheet-iron strips below the surface of the acid, and still no effect is produced. But by rub- bing this wire briskly for a few seconds, and with it again touching the strip of sheet iron below'the surface of the acid.sp. gr. 1.250, immediately there is excited an influence which is transmitted by the conductors to the helical arrangement, where it is modified and carried onward through the arms of the living"human subject, the muscles of which contract powerfully beyond his control; also, by similar arrangement, and using more metallic surface, a small platinum wire can be heated so as to discharge a cannon, etc., etc. We have seen that the allotropic changes moved along the wire rapidly or slowly, according to certain conditions, one of which was variation in the spe- cific gravity of the nitric acid surrounding it. Now in certain conditions the nervous influence in the living nerves of the body moves quite slowly. In the Medical and Surgical Reporter of Jan. 4th, 1873, Dr. Meredith Clymer refers to a case of loco-motor ataxia, where the application of heat or a pin was felt many seconds after. Longet, states that by the irritation of both vagus nerves the muscles of the stomach contract after fr* or six seconds. Now let ns make further reference to the substance of the nerves of a living body. Blood must be supplied to the nerve as one condition of its activity, and human blood contains iron, which is a substance highly susceptible of allot roplc changes. Also the medullary substance, myeline, or the w hite substance ot Schwan, which surrounds the central axis or hand, ns previously stated, is an albuminoid body, which contains Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sul- phur, Pliospuorus. All these exist in different allotropic states. Carbon, ns wr have V'-N. 1:1s til re.* noted ditlerenees The gu-*. s, in « li.-m i< ■ I . ..ml.jna tions, are fluids or solids. Oxygen and nitrogen are tlie elements of nitric acid, and both sulphur uud phosphorus exist in different allotropic conditions. Oxygen and hydrogen combined are water, which by admixture readily changes the specific gravities, uud so varies susceptibilities to rapid or slow action. According to It. I). Thomson, the brain contains a peculiar nrid, which lie rails cerebrtc acid, which contains nitrogen aud phosphorus; this is mixed with an alburninoiif substance, witli an oily acul, the oleophosphoric acid, witli cholcs- terine, and finally with small quantities of oleine and margarine, and of oleic and margaric acids. Anhydrous oleic acid is carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, having the formula Clt 11,, ()4. Anhydrous margaric ucid is carbon, hydro- gen and oxygen, having the formula CJ4 114, Ojt. Tints we find that bruin and nerve substance are composed of elements sus- ceptible of an exceedingly great variety of combinations and allotropic expres- sions, capable of being exercised in the various duties they have to perform. filectlve Uses of Certain Kanues In the Quulltles of Kleetrlrltf* The vibratory movements excited in the molecular particles of metallic wires, or in the ether contained in them, which movements are called electricity, have differences in their physical effects according to the character of those vibra- tions, and they are proved to have different physiologteul effects also. Vibra- tory or wave motions in particles of air or of ether, giving sound, heat, light, and chemical effects, have vast differences in their physical and physiological effects, and, by way of comparison, before going farther, let us consider these. Very different effects are produced by merely different clinracters of vibra- tory or wave motions in the same medium. Long waves in the air produco sounds of a low pitch, and short waves sounds of a high pitch, und there are waves so short as to produce no effect on the human ear. So in regard to the waves in the ether; one character of wave will produce heat and not light, another light and not heat; different characters of waves produce the different colors as shown in the spectrum, and a still different character of thi waves produces certain actinic or rlu mical effects, w hich are quite different from the effects produced by htat. And these different characters of ethereal wave motions are principally differences in the rapidity and lengths of the same, the rays of heat l>eing produced by wave* slower, but of greater amplitude, then as the rapidity increases, and the amplitude diminishes, we have red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet und the aclinic rays which are also invisible. The heat, the colored and the actinic rays, to a certain extent, overly* one another in the spectrum ; also different kinds of refracting media give different degrees of refrangibility of the rays of heat compared to the color rays— through a Water prism it is found In the yellow, Sulphuric Acid “ “ orange, Plate glass “ “ middle of the red, Flint glass “ “ beyond the red. A cell of alum intercepts the rays of heat, but allows the light to pans, whllo a cell of iodine dissolved in bisulphide of carbon intercepts tlie luminous, but allows the calorific rays to pass. The heat rays, if concentrated on a piece of platinum coated with platinum black,are accelerated so as to become risible; and likewise rays, passed through a solution of sulphate of quinine, and some other sut>stances, are retarded so as to become visible—the visibility of the latter is called fluoretcenre. It is ex- hibited in an aqueous solution of horse-chestnut hark, by many compounds of uranium; a decoction of madder mixed with alutn gives a yellow or oranga yellow fluorescence. Tincture of tumeric ana yellow thorn-apple seeds diffuse a greenish light—all caused by lowering the refrangibility of the invisible actinic rays so as to make them visible. ' As to the power of coloring plants green, Robert Hunt found that every variety of plant he employed appeared to be influenced by different rays. Cress and mustard became green most rapidly in the green ray, mignionette in the yellow and peas in the blue—the influence was most decided between the mean orange and the mean blue ray, and plants became green more slowly in tbe red than in the blue ray. Guaiac resin, which is turned blue by exposure to sun- light, is not at all affected by any of the visible rays of the spectrum, the action beginning only in the ultra violet, and the maximum being situated a long way beyond the visible spectrum. Light heat and actinism are common to every ray, the difference being only proportional; a yellow medium gives most light and less actinism, while a blue medium gives more actinism and less light. Light hinders the germination of seeds. Actinism quickens germination. Light effects decomposition of carbonic acid in growing plants, which absorb carbon and give off the oxygen. Light and actinism, independent of the calor- ific rays, prevent the development of the reproductive organs of plants. The heat rays, corresponding with the extreme red, facilitate the flowering of plants and the perfecting of their reproductive principles. Many bodies, under peculiar circumstances, are thrown into such a state of vibration that they emit light without perceptible heat, called phosphorescence. Decaying bodies, flowers of certain living plants, etc., exhibit this quality. Different rays of the spectrum differ as to their power of producing phospho- rescence. Electric light produces phosphorescence more actively than the solar rays. Very strange are all the foregoing varied effects when we consider that the calorific, luminous, chemical and phospliorogenic rays are all substantially the same in their nature, being each and all produced by movements of the ether, those movements differing principally in rapidity and degree. The functional activity, not only of muscles, but of nerves also, is influenced by cui’rents of electricity. And as a motor nerve electrically excited causes a muscle to contract, so also, as shown in standard works on physiology, regulat- ed electrical excitation of the respective nerves presiding over the organs of digestion, secretions, circulation, etc., influences their functional activities. Now we should look also for electrical influence over the functional activities of other organs themselves without regard to presiding nerves, just as much as we look for electrical excitation to influence a muscle directly without regard to its presiding nerve. It seems that we must recognize this when we consider the fact that each element in the organism has its individual activity, which is evi- dent from the comparison of vegetable and animal organizations, the independent development of tissues after the evolution of the germ, physiological dissections on the living animal, the mode in which poisons act, etc., etc. A very important fact to consider is that the different organs of the body have their gradations as to susceptibilities to different qualities of electricity. An induced current on a coil of wire of a certain ratio as to length, thickness, num- ber of convolutions, with certain other modifying conditions, electrically ex- cited, will cause powerful muscular contractions, but will produce very little light to the eye. Now if we arrange another coil of wire so as to yield a current of much higher intensity and less quantity, this latter conditioned coil being excited in the same manner as in the former case, will have less effect on the irritability of muscular tissue, but will produce light to the eye, when the current is regulated to be so weak as not to produce pain, will, when properly used, have a more soothing effect upon the nerves—will better relieve nervous headache, and cause deeper inspirations by properly influencing the medulla oblongata and cervical spine, the negative, with large wetted sponge, being the preferable electrode on those regions. Now if another coil, conditioned for considerable greater quantity than the first mentioned, but far less intensity, ranging from A B to A C, in Dr. Kidder’s improved apparatus, it will produce no light whatever to the eye, even when the current is strong enough to produce pain—it will not contract the muscles so powerfully—it will not bo well sootho pains in tho system ; hut by its Influ- ence, using the positive as tho preferable polo, it will exercise a remarkable specific effect in restoring to their normal condition muscles that are sore from the effects of over use and strains, and all allied conditions. In this respect a more special contrast in the differences of these qualities will be here presented. Placing the negative pole farther towards the extremi- ties, and using currents of sufficiently high intensity and low quantity, gruded to the strong muscular contracting tendency, as in the current A I), I)r. Kid- der's improved instrument, a strong power can make the muscles sore and lame Now using the curreut from A B or A 0 with light power, and using the po»itive pole upon the lamed muscle's, the soreness und lameness will be almost imme- diately cured, when otherwise it would not pass away for a considerable length of time. These results beoam-' known to I)r. Kidder first by many trials upon himself, which have been amply corroborated by trials upon others. Inflam- matory excitements, as burns, etc , w il be better relieved by the negative, using very Uirge surface of sponge, or what is better, having the part in water with the negative electrode, and using especially currents of high intensity and low quantity, as A E of the improved instrument. Further considering this subject, we may contrast the two general processes, which are the opposite of each other, that take place in the living bod/. One is nutrition of the tissues of the various organs, and llie other is the functional activity of those organs, which wears away the tissues; and they again call for more nourishment, without the supply of which their activity would soon cease. iThe assimilation of nourishment in the tissues takes place more during the night, while the body is at rest. The using up of the tissues takes place more during the day, when the body is active. Now the relations of electricity to these two conditions appear to be these. Electrical currents, especially of the induced order of high intensity and low quantity, act comparatively more in producing functional activity of the various organs of the tmdy, though some- what different range of the ratio of quantity and intensity of the . m rent i, b. t adapted for the different organs, which is shown by the different ratio required to best excite the motor and the visual functions. But currents of comparatively lower intensity and a higher quantity are the better range to produce the alio- tropic changes that bring wearied organs almost immediately to a rested con- dition. In the former case it is better to excite the various organs with the negative {Mile, having the positive more central toward the medulla oblongata, while in the latter case it is preferable to use 'he current in the opposite direction. Now if a wire be conditioned so that the vibration ol its particles should l>e similar to those produced in ether by white light, wbv should it not produce light to the eye ? Why should it not excite whatever substances are in the eye and brain that correspond in their effects to the fluorescence produced in sulphate of quinine, by the lowering of the refrangibility of the invisible actinic rays so as to make them become visible rays, and why should they not also exhibit phe- nomena of colors? So we find that the functional activity of different organs of the body, and the processes of their repair, respond better to different characters of vibratory movements which we call electricity. The Kxerrtse of She Visual Functions. By using the proper electric current*, the eye and the brain may indeed ex- perience phenomena, like to the reception through the eve of white light, colored light, and light of the character* called fluorescence and phosphorescence. Dr. Kidder has made costly Electrical Apparatus, having the current ranged in quality to produce more special varied optical pheoomeaa, which are nol ob- servable effects of his more ordinary apparatus. One of these instruments was placed in the hands of an artist, for him to illustrate the visual phenomena pro- duced by the current, and the following are the results which he gave, after thorough experiments with currents of pretty strong power: Fig. 1. Placing the sponge to the bone over the left eve softly, observed lines of light, which were sometimes straight, with slight flashes crossing them, (all white light.) Fig. 2. Now by pressing hard against the bone on the right side of the right eye. there is a great change. Immediately globes of a red color shoot from the right to the left slowly, and blue globes (I) will_burst asunder like meteors and Fig. 1. Fig. 2. instantly disappear ; small yellow star-like 'shapes (3) will continue to travel up and down, while instantaneous white flashes pass through the field. There is also a slight ringing in the ear. Fig. 3. Moving the sponge across the forehead (at eyebrows) to the left eye, there are vivid flashes (2), while yellow spots move rapidly across, dying out near the centre (3), while a bright light (1) at the left moves up and down. Fig. 3 is on first page. Fig. 4. Sponge over the right eye, there is a yellow light on the left side, dying out at the centre, trembling as it dies into darkness. There is a humming noise in the right ear. Fig. 5. Rainbow colored globes slowly moving from left to right, while flashes cross from left to right: the sponge is now on the eyelid and considerable force of the current (7 minutes) pressing hard. Now placing sponge on the left eye, Fig. 6 came to view. Fig. 5 is on first page. Fig. 6. Sponge on left eye, pains run over the head, the short yellow flashes appeared, while in the centre were light blue spots rapidly appearing and dis- appearing. (Strong power of the current.) Fig. 7. After resting ten minutes, the sponge was placed in the corner of the left eye by the bridge of the nose,—strong power of the current was applied, when I received a violent shock and a "reflection, as sunlight on the ceiling is reflected from a basin of water, moving at an angle up and down, the centre ring being the brightest, and dying out as they came near to the sur- face of the field of vision. Fig. 8. The current was now made very weak, and pressing the sponge on centre under the eye, an object like a coiled snake appeared, with flashes of light around it. These became more vivid by harder pressing with the sponge, and Fig. 4. Fig. 6. and the element thrown into action. Other elements, omitting iron, may be substituted for the one to remain inactive and the one to be thrown into action. An exciter, as an iron wire not rubbed, but already active, may be used—attri- tion or concussions with other substances, and even an electric current, may be used as exciters of the allotropic influence. If the nitrogen and oxygen and hydrogen existing in the nerve were all in the form of nitric acid and water, the influence would be destructive rather than appropriate to fulfil the regulated uses of the nervous functions; but the com- binations in which they enter, forming other substances, from which these ele- ments may be eliminated in a manner regulated to the very small amount required, manifest the perfection of their adaptability for the most delicate and exceedingly varied adjustments individually requisite for the quality and degree of effect required. The elimination of phosphorus, etc., through nervous action from its special association in the nervous substance, has attracted much attention. As the influences of the nerves are of manifold character in their presidency over motion, secretion and digestion, even so in regard to sensation—their in- fluences are also manifold; for there are many characters of sensation,—smart- ing, itching, pricking, different characters of aching, stinging, etc., as pain pro- duced by heat is different from pain produced by cold. And the sensations of hunger and thirst are different from each other. The sensations of taste appear illimitable in their variety, even as that of smell also we cannot limit; for it is not known how many different substances affect this sense differently—all these through the nervous system. And even as different qualities of sensation are brought to the brain by the nerves, recognizing differences in the character of the stimuli, even so we may look for a controlling nerve force going out from the brain in certain conditions, which represses sensations from certain stimuli, which, under ordinary circum- stances, produce pain. For example, soldiers, in the excitement of battle, are often unconscious of severe wounds, from absence of pain until after the mental excitement has passed away. Now there is a range in the quality of induced electricity which, to a certain degree, excites repressing power of nervous influence over that which is the sensation of pain. Induced currents of a high intensity and low quantity, if of the proper range in this respect, as A D, or more especially A E, in Dr. Kid- der’s Improved Apparatus, and properly used, will, in its mixed effects on the various nerves, act more to repress pain than to excite sensation. The author has made reference to the allotropic influence as the nerve influ- ence. The conditions may be so arranged that the allotropic changes will move at precisely the same rapidity as those of the vital influence along the nerves which produces motion and sensation. But as these allotropic changes, under certain conditions, give rise to currents of electricity, we must be prepared, if such conditions are found in the nerve, to accept the view that the electricity which is produced by the allotropic influence may execute the vital mandates by exciting other allotropic changes in the elements of organs and parts ; for we have seen (page 6) that electricity produced allotropic changes, and allotropic changes, as effected in the artificial nerve, gave rise to those vibrations in con- ductors which we call electricity, which could be made to produce motion, sen- sation and other vital phenomena. The conditions of the artificial nerve were so arranged that, when a certain allotropic state was established, that arti- ficial nerve was a galvanic battery. Now a nerve belonging to the living organ- ism, appears to have precisely the same conditions—we have the neurilemma to contain the elements, we have the myeline or the white substance of Schwan as one of the elements, and we have the axial band as the other ele- ment. Therefore, the nerve is not only a medium of allotropic changes and a conductor of electric currents, but it also appears to be itself a galvanic battery, which is active or inactive, according to the allotropic conditions of its ele- ments. How slight an influence is sufficient to cause allotropic transformations and consequent powerful chemical unions may be instanced by means of sounds of certain degrees of pitch causing the explosion of certain substances. So we find that the allotropic condition which moves slower than electricity is, in one of its offices, approximately as it were, a switch to throw the nerve, as a galvanic battery, in and out of action! As we know that electricity can excite allotropic changes, and that allotropic changes produced by any means, can excite electricity;—it seems that in either case we have explanation enough to account for the allotropic changes necessary to bring about the activities or functions and the nutrition of parts. But the allotropic transformation was in somewhat different relation to the battery from that merely of a switch to connect and disconnect the poles. The elements of the nerve is not a galvanic battery until made so by the allotropic change; in one moment the nerve is a galvanic battery, and in another moment it is not; therefore this allotropic change is the primordial force within the body for the establishment of the nervous influence, though electricity produced thereby may be the agent to execute the design by establishing certain other al- lotropic conditions in the elements of muscular tissue, which cause contraction, and in the brain to produce sensation, and in other organs to advance the pro- cesses of secretion, digestion, assimilation, etc., etc. Allotropism the primor- dial force within the body—within the constitution of the organs concerned— but outside of the body a thousand agencies operate as impressions to establish these allotropic changes; they are the stimuli which excite us to action, quicken our hopes, and furnish us constantly with the evidences whereby we know that we live. The question may be asked, Why are different ratios of quantity and inten- sity of induced electricity necessary severally to excite the functional activities of vital parts ? It may be answered that chemical changes are effected by vita) activities, the elements concerned being electrolytes. The electrolytic activities in the different organs are varied, and their susceptibilities to allotropic changes are different; therefore a different ratio of quantity and intensity of electricity is required to bring them severally into action. The author has endeavored to present this seemingly interesting subject with consistent brevity, and at the same time he has made such repetitions of the subject, with varied phraseology, as is perhaps requisite to be well under stood, considering the imperfection of his language. To cure nervous headache, place on the back of the neck close to the base of the brain, a large wetted sponge attached to the conductor leading from the post E, while the positive pole from A or B is in both hands by some means, or under both divested feet—both to give large surface because much power being comfortable at the base of the brain, large surface is needed for the other elec- trode. Frequently headache is entirely cured in half a minute by this mode of applying the proper current. Do not apply the current on the forehead, for it is very sensitive, and such application is useless and injurious if applied strong. Without divesting the feet, the practitioner can conveniently test the tnd the element thrown Into action. Other element*, omitting Iron, may be substituted for the one to remain inactive ami the one to l»e thrown Into action. An exciter, as an iron wire not rubbed, but already active, may be u*ed—attri- tion or concussion* with other substances, and even an electric current, may be used as exciters of the allotropic influence. If the nitrogen and oxygen and hydrogen existing in the nerve were all In the form of nitric acid and water, the influence would lie destructive rather than appropriate to fulfil the regulated uses ot the nervous functions; but the com- binations in which they enter, forming other substances, from which these ele- ments may be eliminated in a manner regulated to the very small amount required, manifest the perfection of their adaptability for the m«»st delicate and exceedingly varied adjustments individually requisite for the quality and degree of effect required. The elimination of phosphorus, etc., through nervous action from its special association in the nervous substance, has attracted much attention. As the influences of the nerves are of manifold character in their presidency over motion, secretion and digestion, even so in regard to sensation—their in- fluences are also manifold ; for there are many characters of sensation,—smart- ing, itching, pricking, different characters of aching, stinging, etc., as pain pro- duced by heat is different from pain produced by cold. And the sensations of hunger and thirst are different from each other. The sensations of taste appear illimitable in their variety, even as that of smell also we cannot limit; for h is not known how many different substances affect this sense differently—all these through the nervous system. And even as different qualities of sensation arc brought to the brain by the nerves, recognizing differences in the character of the stimuli, even so we may look for a controlling nerve force going out from the brain in certain conditions, which represses sensations from certain stimuli, which, under ordinary circum- stances, produce pain. For example, soldiers, in the excitement of battle, are often unconscious of severe wounds, from absence of pain until after the mental excitement has passed away. Now there is a range in the quality of induced electricity which, to a certain degree, excites repreming power of nervous influence over that which is the sensation of pain. Induced currents of a high intensity and low quautity, if of the proper range in this r«»pect, as A I), or more especially A K, in Dr. Kid- der’s Improved Apparatus, aud properly used, will, in its mixed effects on the various nerves, act more to repress pain than to excite sensation. The author has made reference to the allotropic influence a* the nerve influ- ence. The conditions may be so arranged that the allotropic change* will move at precisely the same rapidity as those of the vital influence along the nerves which produces motion and sensation. Hut as these allotropic changes, under certain conditions, give rise to currents of electricity, we must be prepared, if such conditions are found in the nerve, to accept the view that the electricity which is produced by the allotropic influence may execute the vital mandates by exciting other allotropic changes in the elements of organs and parts; for we have seen (page 6) that electricity produced allotropic changes, and allotropic changes, as effected in the artificial nerve, gave rise to those vibrations in con- ductors which we call electricity, which could be made to produce motion, sen- sation and other vital phenomena. The conditions of the artificial nerve were so arranged that, when a certain allotropic state was «-atablished. that arti- ficial nerve was a galvanic battery. Now a nerve belonging to the living organ- ism, appears to have precisely the same conditions—we have the neurilemma to contain the elements, we have the myeline or the white substance of Schwun as one of the elements, and we have the axial band as the other ele- ment. Therefore, the nerve is not only a medium of allotropic changes and a conductor of electric currents, but it also ap|>ears to lie itself a galvtinir battery, which is active or inactive, according to the allotropic conditions of its ele- ments. How slight an influence is sufficient to cause allotropic transformations and consequent powerful chemical unions may lie instanced by means of sounds of certain degrees of pitch causing the explosion of certain sulwtancea. Ho we find that the allotropic condition which moves slower than electricity la, in one of its offices, approximately as it were, a switch to throw the nerve, as a galvanic battery, in and out of action! As we know that electricity can excite allotropic changes, and that allotropic changes produced by any means, can excite electricity;—it seems that in either case we have explanation enough to account for the allotropic changes necessary to bring about the activities oi functions and the nutrition of parts. But the allotropic transformation was in somewhat different relation to the battery from that merely of a switch to connect and disconnect the poles. The elements of the nerve is not a galvanic battery until made so by the allotropic change; in one moment the nerve is a galvanic battery, and in another moment it is not; therefore this allotropic change is the primordial force within the body for the establishment of the nervous influence, though electricity produced thereby may be the agent to execute the design by establishing certain other al- lotropic conditions in the elements of muscular tissue, which cause contraction, and in the brain to produce sensation, and in other organs to advance the pro- cesses of secretion, digestion, assimilation, etc., etc. Allotropism the primor- dial force within the body—within the constitution of the organs concerned— but outside of the body a thousand agencies operate as impressions to establish these allotropic changes; they are the stimuli which excite us to action, quicken our hopes, and furnish us constantly with the evidences whereby we know that we live. The question may be asked, Why are different ratios of quantity and inten- sity of induced electricity necessary severally to excite the functional activities of vital parts ? It maybe answered that chemical changes are effected by vital activities, the elements concerned being electrolytes. The electrolytic activities in the different organs are varied, and their susceptibilities to allotropic changes are different; therefore a different ratio of quantity and intensity of electricity is required to bring them severally into action. The author has endeavored to present this seemingly interesting subject with consistent brevity, and at the same time he has made such repetitions of the subject, with varied phraseology, as is perhaps requisite to be well under stood, considering the imperfection of his language. To cure nervous headache, place on the back of the neck close to the base of the brain, a large wetted sponge attached to the conductor leading from the post E, while the positive pole from A or B is in both hands by some means, or under both divested feet—both to give large surface because much power being comfortable at the base of the brain, large surface is needed for the other elec- trode. Frequently headache is entirely cured in half a minute by this mode of applying the proper current. Do not apply the current on the forehead, for it is very sensitive, and such application is useless and injurious if applied strong. Without divesting the feet, the practitioner can conveniently test the current on himself thus: By means of an Improved patented sponge-holder, which has an extra hollow metallic cylinder surrounding the insulating wood- eu handle of the holder, the positive pole, A, can be lea both to the electrode held in the left bund, and also, tty an added condueting cord to the outer me- tallic cylinder ot the sponge-holder, without communicating at all with the oilier pole, which latter is the negative, K, led through the centre of the insu- lating wooden holder to the base of the brain. To cure a severe hum, place the pole from E in a tub of wa.er; give large surface to this negative electrode by adding metallic plate of auy kind renting on the inside bottom of the tub Place the part burned in the water, and ap ply the positive pole from the p«>sts A or B under both leet to give large sur- face A strong power thus applied will be comfortable to the burn, relieving the pain altogether. Continue the application for an hour or two, or until tho pain will not return on ceasing the application. Protect the part from the air, as a precaution; but cases are known in which it was not necessary after electrical treatment of this kind. The above nit "hown how to exercise the function of vision with the current from A. E, or B, E. Place to the eye a large welted soonee on a sponge holdet attached to the negative conductor of the puslE; then, with a very mild powef of the machine, close the circuit by merely touching with the finger the elec- trode (as a metallic cylinder or handle) attached to the conductor from the post A or B. Use moderately slow interruptions of the spring, and increase the power gradually, first by applying more surface of the finger or hand to the positive electrode, and perhaps further by withdrawing the tube from the helix. The light can also be seen by placing the sponge on the side of the head near to and on a horizontal plane with the eye, or at the corner of the eye. Persons totally blind from cataract will perceive the light caused by the electric current precisely as well as those not so blinded. Because Duchenne records that he injured the eyes of one of his patients by the use of a galvanic battery of many cells without an' induction coil, some persons, from confounding different apparatuses, seem to fear to test or experi- ence the effect on the eye from an induction apparatus. If they will read care- fully Duchenne’s article, they will find that he makes a clear distinction as to apparatuses. He had applied an induction coil with benefit to his patient; and that special coil not being conditioned to show light to the eye, he errone- ously concluded that the reason was that it was an induction apparatus, not knowing that an induction apparatus could be constructed so as to exercise the function of vision with a very mild power and in a perfectly harmless manner, by a current wanting as to ordinary chemical effect; whereas, if the light were caused by a large number of cell batteries, or elements, the eye would be in- jured by the chemical effect of the current. All the various parts of our Apparatus and Instruments are manufactured under our personal supervison and direction, and nothing but the best of material and workmanship employed in the construction of same. It is of great importance that the Rheotome or Vibration Spring, should have perfect means for controlling the length and regularity of vibration, producing a smooth and pleasant current, rath- er than an irregular, sharp unpleasant sensation. The devices whereby perfect adjustment can be made, are only found in the ma- chines manufactured by us as the devices are covered by Letters Patent. For explanation, and directions for adjusting vibration parts, see “Exegesis" which accompanies each machine. We are constantly receiving testimonials from leading Physicians, and others relative to the efficiency, durability, and excellent working of our apparatus. We do not publish a long list of testimonials, but simply give a few which will cor firm the efficacy of Electrical Medication. With each machine we send full printed instructions. BEWARE ot all the so called Electric and Magnetic Pads, Belts, Bands, Brushes, Armadillos and Garments, being made to deceive the public and not for any Electrical effect. All the metallic parts of our Machines and Appliances are FINELY NICKEL PLATED. WE HAVE ORANTED NO LICENSE TO ANY MANUFACTURER. Diseases Cured by Electric ity. l)lN«rHHt‘N of the Ilratii and Mt-rtoim Nywtein, UlwaiM Of the K>e and ICar, utMeaaeH or the the KeMpiratory OrKaia, ItlaeaneM of I>l|teMt!ve OrKaia and llonelN, Sit In DNeaHt-H, Dlst iat h of the OrxaiiM, Female ItlHeaM'H, iMneah- es of the FlbronN and Mum* culur M> HteltlH. A fezv of the Testimonials among ihe thousand that come to us unsolicited. UKADIIXA, Aco. loth, 1881, Dear Sir: Enclosed pleaN find I*. O. Order and send to enclosed address, one No. 4 Hy- dmstut Tip Battery • • • Send im- mediately as I want to set It up before I lea re hen*. 1 have undertaken n serious com* in thin villuge and it in rrenting considerable interest and some excitement. A lady said to la? dying by her attending Physician, (theIteat In the place.) a clear case of Lung Consumption,) is not only Iteing kept alive under my wife* admin- istration of Electrical Treatment with my No. 5 Btittery. but is n*ally ami un- questionably improving. Her appetite lias returned, insomnia is conquered anti she sleo|M comfortably all night without the uccustnmed opiates which nevpr gave her wheu in full doses more than 1K hours sleep during the night. * * * If we succeed even as well os we have thus far, for two weeks longer, Electricity as a remedial agent will take a stride in this section of country, and make it a necessity for Physicians to procure luitteries. Yours Truly Rev. James S. Bkadbkook, I 'nudilla, Otsego Co., N. Y. Mr. J Kii>i*kk: After the use of your Improved Magnet- ic Machine, 1 feel free to state that It is in all its arrangements tl»e most com- plete imminent of its kind I have seen. Wx. B. ,\f ASSY. M. I). New York. Jl'I.Y, 14(1) |H«1, Dr. Kidder: I writ** to inuke Rome inquiries a I »< Mil your No. 3 Machine. * * * We have need your No. f* Hydruotat Tip Buttery for some years und t1n. A. K. Scott, Resident Physician Cleveland Sanitarian, Cleveland, Ohio. Tiiomiwixviu.k.Cosk. Aro. Mh, ltJ81. Jerome Kidder M Vo Co. Cent*: Please wml me lint of Appliatm* to lie lined with your Battery. Also ubout “Carrolls” Aesthesioineter, for deter- mining the extent of local itarulynin. und the l>vnumom«*ter for testing the strength of the hand in paralysis * * * The liatten’ you sent me ha* given me lierfect satisfaction than far, and 1 huve need it daily in my practice. * * * Hoping to hear from you noon, I remain. Yount truly, C. E. Thompson. M. D. Thoni|Monville. Conn. Dr. Kidder: You make the lw*t machine in the I'nited State**. I can cure almost any- thing, I come across with it. D. S. Cope, Cuurdville. Dr. Jkkome Kidder: For tin* iant twenty*yearn 1 hare used Electro-Magnetic Batteries, and eoiuiid- er yom su|**rior to any in ex iniai we. Dr. J. B***ve I tonne, Brooklyn, I- I.