PUBLISHERS’ ANNOUNCEMENT. Wtc begin the publication of this book with a feeling of great satisfaction, for the reason that we feel assured that we are supplying one of the greatest lacks in every household, by placing therein a work so plain and simple in its language that the most ignorant will have no difficulty in understanding it, and so complete as to enable every family to treat its members intelligibly in all varieties of sickness, except those cases which are so grave as to require the close watch of an intelligent and experienced physician. It has been our aim to give our patrons more practical knowledge, in a condensed form, in this little work, than can be found in any other work published for the common people. The treatment in all cases can be relied upon as the very best ; but owing to the limited space we have, we omit the numerous remedies recommended by many, and have only given a few of the best for each disease. We also give some of the most choice receipts for various diseases which have ever been discovered : a large share of which have never been given to the public before, and would not be at this time only for the reason that we are deter- mined to spare no pains to make this the best and most complete book of its kind ever published and offered for sale for the low price at which this is placed In order to give our readers a large amount of valuable information for a small sum of money, this book is printed with small type compactly set, and contains more matter that is really valuable than is usually found in books set in large type, which cost from five to ten dollars, or more. Thousands take the liberty to write to us, asking us questions which they could easily answer for themselves if they would take the trouble to consult this book freely. To all such we would say, please do not write to us about matters of this kind, for two reasons: first, our time is so valuable and so completely occupied that it is impossible for us to give all such letters suffi- cient time to make the reply always of service to you; second, if you cannot find all the information you desire by carefully studying this book, your case is probably one which should have the attention of some intelligent physician. Part Second is devoted to the diseases of the horse and their treatment*, with valuable receipts, and much other valuable information. It is finely illustrated. Copyright, 1882, by Dr. B. J. KENDALL & GO., Enosburgh Falla, Vermont. All rights reserved. THE DOCTOR AT HOME. J'Uustvatcd. TREATING THE DISEASES OP MAN AND THE HORSE. 1 practical hand-book for the non-professional. Written in plain, simple language so as to be easily understood by the common people. It treats all of the common diseases of the human family, and gives a large number of excellent receipts and favorite prescriptions for various diseases, with engravings to illustrate many points of interest. Also, an Essay on Hygiene, a Table of Doses, with proportional doses for children; and, in Part Second, the Diseases of the Horse are plainly treated, with the plain- est and best treatment that can be given under most circumstances; and a Table of Doses for the Horse, a Table showing the Age of the Horse, a large number of excellent receipts for the Horse, and a large amount of other valuable information. BY DR. B. J. KENDALL CO., Enosburgh Falls"" Tt, U. S. A., AUTHORS OF “A TREATISE ON THE HORSE AND HIS DISEASES.” PRINTED AT STEAM PRINTING HOUSE OF DR. B. J. KENDALL CO. ENOSBURGH FALLS, VT. 1887. PKEFACE. Tech great lack of knowledge respecting the laws which govern our physical organization Is, directly or indirectly, the cause of much suffering to humanity. And the great laek of knowl- edge of the means to restore perverted nature to its normal and healthful condition is yet another deficiency which is found in nearly every household; for these reasons we believe that our efforts to enlighten our fellow-man upon these subjects will be appreciated by all who purchase and read carefully the following pages. It will be our aim in writing this book to teach our patrons particularly how to prevent as weil as to cure disease, because we are firm believers in the old adage, “ An ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure.” The remedies we recommend will be found to be the very best which can be given in the different diseases for which they are recommended, avoiding as much as possible recommending treatment which is doubtful, or in giving it to our readers in a blind or impracticable way. It will be one of our greatest aims to avoid technical terms as much as pos- sible, so that every person will have no difficulty in understanding it readily. As this work is intended particularly for the common people, as well as for professional men, we condense it as much as possible by only giving such information as is of the greatest importance relative to each subject, and by giving the best treatment for the largest majority of cases; and, as it would be impracticable in a work like this to give all th* various remedies which have ever been used with success, we simply say to our patrons, — you can rely on the treatment we give in nearly every case; but as complications arise in many cases which it would be impossible for us to apprehend here, we recommend our patrons, if at any time the treatment we give here should not prove as satisfactory as you might wish, to investigate farther, as the difficulty may be different than you would at first suppose, and thus require different treatment; but if, after carefully studying the case, you should be unable to treat it successfully, then we would advise you to call a regular practising physician, who would be more likely to decide correctly as to the nature of the disease; but, as physicians are all human and do not all inherit a good judgment, we advise our readers to carefully study their case, and while you might find it necessary to rely upon him to tell you what the disease might be, yet it might be at times quite important that you should know much about the proper method of treating the case, and many times quite as important that you be informed, that you may be able to nurse your sick friends intelligently, and thus be of the greatest possible help to your physician in very bad cases. We would not, under any circumstances, depreciate the practising physician, as no class of profes- sional men are doing so much for suffering humanity; and, as a rule, they stand as ready to relieve the poor when there is no prospect of remuneration, as to assist the rich; but, in spite of all this, we do believe that there are hundreds of men- practising medicine wrho do not possess the good judgment which a physician needs above all men; and, for these reasons, no person can obtain too much knowledge of diseases and the best methods of treating them. As it would be very difficult to make plain to those not having had a medical education, some diseases of a malignant character, as well as a few which are very difficult even for physicians to distinguish, we shall not attempt to treat them at all, but recommend our patrons to consult a regular physician when you cannot find the information you desire hy searching the pages oi this book thoroughly. For certain reasons we shall not treat diseases of a private nature in this work, nor will we insert anything which should exclude it from the most refined family; but, on the contrary, it should be read by everybody, as it gives information which is important to maintain health and happiness. As most men in this country are owners of one or more horses, we devote a portion of this work to diseases of this noble animal, and we believe that the chapter on these diseases should be read by all, as it teaches humane principles, and hits a tendency to elevate the morals hy reminding all that “ a merciful man is merciful to his beast n CONTENTS. PART FIRST. Acidity of the Stomach . . 6 Ague 6 Ague-Cake 7 Anemia 7 Apoplexy 7 Asthma 8 & 36 Alterative 42 Baby’s Sore Mouth ... 8 Bee Sting, Bites, etc. . . 8 Bleeding from the Lungs . 9 Bleeding from the Nose . 9 Bleeding from the Stomach 9 Bleeding from the Urinary Organs 9 Boils 9 Bronchocele 22 Big Neck 22 Bronchitis ...... 9 Bruises ....... 10 Bright’s Disease .... 36 Bunions 10 Blood Poisoning .... 36 Burns and Scalds .... 10 Barber’s Itch 36 Callous 10 Canker-rash 27 Carbuncle 10 Catarrh 11 Chicken Pox 11 Chilblains 12 Children, Sickness of . . 12 Cholera . 12 Cholera Infantum.... 13 Canker Sore Throat ... 36 Cathartic Injection ... 36 Cathartics 42 Cholera Morbus .... 13 Colic 14 Constipation 14 Consumption 14 Convulsions of Children . 15 Coughs, Colds, or Bron- chitis 37 Corns 15 Cough Mixtures .... 37 Croup 15 & 37 Chafing 37 Curvature of the Spine . . 16 Clergyman’s Sore Throat . 37 Debility 16 Dandruff 37 Diarrhoea 16 & 37 Diabetes 37 Diphtheria . . . . 16 & 38 Deficiency of Blood ... 37 Diseases of the Heart . . 17 Dropsy 38 DISEASES OF THE HUMAN FAMILY. Dropsy of the Brain ... 18 Dysentery 18 Dyspepsia 19 Diuretics 42 Doses for an Average Size Man 5 Disinfectants 42 Epilepsy . 19 Ear-ache 38 Erysipelas 20 Eye-water 38 Emetic 42 Felon 21 & 38 Favorite Prescriptions . . 42 Fevers 21 Farcy in Man 38 Frost Bite 21 Fainting 38 Falling Sickness .... 19 Green Sickness .... 38 Gall Stones 21 Gravel 38 Gout 3S Goitre 22 Glanders in Man .... 38 Gargles 43 Hooping Cough .... 22 Headache 39 Hydrophobia 23 Hay Asthma 39 Hay Fever, or Summer Catarrh 39 Herpes 39 Hiccup 39 Hiccough 39 Hip Disease 39 Hives 39 How to Get Rid of Bed- Bugs 39 How to Get Rid of Rats . 39 Hair Restorative .... 39 Heartburn 39 Hygiene 32 Iufiuenza 23 1 mpure Blood 39 Intermittent Fever ... 6 Itch 39 Jaundice 23 Kendall’s Spavin Cure . . 47 Kendall’s Persian Pills . . 96 Lameness 23 Lame Back 24 Lame Joints 24 Liver Complaints .... 24 Lumbago 25 Measles 25 Mumps 25 Nursing Sore Mouth ... 40 Neuralgia 25 Night Sweats 40 Ointments 43 Pain in the Back .... 26 Pills 43 Persian Pills 96 Prurigo 40 Pain 26 Proud Flesh 40 Proportional Doses for Children 5 Piles 40 Quinsy 26 Rats 40 Ring-worm 40 Rheumatism 26 Receipts 36-43 Refining our Medicine . . 43 Scarlet Fever 27 Sciatica 29 Scrofula 29 Small Pox 29 Sore Throat 30 Sprains 30 Stiff’ Joints 30 Shingles 40 Swelling of the Knee-joint 31 St. Anthony’s Fire ... 20 Swelled Neck 22 Scald Head 40 Sea Baths 40 Sick Headache 40 Snake Bite 40 Sores and Ulcers .... 41 Sour Stomach 41 St. Vitus’s Dance .... 41 Salve 43 Strengthening Plasters . . 43 Sleeplessness 41 Tonics 43 Toothache Drops .... 41 Testimonials . . . 45 & 81 Tooth Powder 41 Typhoid Fever 31 Toothache . . . . 32 St 41 Tape Worm 41 Thrush 8 Tetter 41 Ulcers 41 Ulcers of the Mouth . . , 41 Weak Back and Spine . , 32 Warts 32 Wounds ,32 Whisker Dye .... 41 Whitlow, or Felon . . 41 Worm Lozenges ... 41 CONTENTS. PART SECOND. DISEASES OF THE HORSE, Astringent Cordial ... 74 Abdominal Dropsy ... 48 Atrophy 69 Age of the Horse .... 73 Alterative and Laxative Balls 74 Anodyne Drenches ... 74 Abscess of the Lungs . . 63 Bog Spavin 68 Bone Spavin 67 Bowels, Inflammation of . 49 Bots 48 Breeding 93 Bronchitis 50 Baldness 66 Burns and Scalds .... 50 Brittle and Contracted Hoofs 74 Bruises,Cuts, etc., on Horse and Man J74 Callus 50 Capped Elbow 50 Capped Hock 50 Capped Knee 50 Condition Powders ... 75 Cautery 50 Chronic Founder .... 57 Chronic Rheumatism . . 64 Colic 51 & 74 Corns 52 Cough 53 & 75 Cuts, Wounds, and Sores . 75 Crib-Biting 53 Cracked Heels 75 Curb 53 Cordial Balls 75 Contracted Hoof or Sore Feet 75 Cough Mixtures .... 75 Debility 54 Diabetes 75 Deformities in Young Colts 54 Diuretics 75 Diuretic Balls 75 Diarrhoea 54 Diuretic and Tonic Balls . 75 Dysentery, Acute.... 54 Doses for the Horse ... 71 Distemper .... 55 & 75 Epizootic 55 Eye-Water 76 Farcy 55 8c 76 Farcy and Glanders ... 76 Firing 50 fc 06 Firing Horses 56 Foot Diseases 56 Founder 56 Fracture 57 Frost-Bites 58 Favorite Receipts for the Horse 74 Flatulent Colic 52 Flesh Wounds 76 Fever Balls 76 Glanders 58 Grease-heels. . . . 58 & 76 Heaves 59 & 76 Hide-bound 59 Hints on Food 59 Hip-joint Lameness ... 60 Healing Mixture .... 76 Horse Liniments .... 77 Inflammation of Stomach . 60 Influenza 60 Interfering 61 In Measuring Liquids . . 73 Inflammation of Bladder . 61 Inflammation of Kidneys . 61 Kidneys, Disease of . . . 61 Lameness 62 Lampers 62 Lampass 62 Lungs, Diseases of ... 62 Lung Fever 62 Laminitis 56 Lumbrici 71 Mange 66 Mange, Itch, etc 66 Nasal Gleet . . . . 63 & 77 Navicular Disease.... 64 Occult Spavin 68 Our Experience with Bone Spavin 80 On Human Flesh . . 45 & 81 Ointment for Horses... 77 Pneumonia 62 Prof. Flint’s Renovating Powders 95 Proud Flesh 64 Pink-Eye 63 Pleurisy 68 Poll Evil and Fistula. 64 & 77 Poll Evil 64 is 77 Pin Worms 71 Quittor 64 & 77 Quarter Crack 77 Rheumatism 64 Ring-bone 64 Ring-worm 77 Saddle Galls .... 66 & 77 Saddle and Harness Galls, Bruises, etc.. . . 65 & 77 Scratches 65 & 78 Scratchers and Grease-heel 78 Shoe Boil 60 Shoeing Horses .... 91 Shoulder Lameness ... 65 Shoulder-joint Lameness . 65 Sores 66 & 78 Spavin 67 Splint 68 Sprains 68 & 78 Sprung Knees 68 Staggers 69 Stifle-joint Lameness . . 69 Sweeney 69 8c 78 Strangles 55 Sore Lips 78 Sore Mouth and Lips . . 78 Side-hones 66 Skin Diseases 66 Tape Worm 70 Thoroughpin 69 Tenia 70 Tumors 69 Thrush 78 Tonie Balls 78 To Grow Hair 78 To Horse Owners .... 79 Unhealthy Ulcers .... 78 Water Farcy 78 Wind Galls 70 Worms 70 & 78 Yellow Waters 71 PROPORTIONAL DOSES FOR CHILDREN. It should be remembered that in all cases in this book, where the age is not mentioned for which any given dose is recommended, that it is intended that the dose is the amount which would be proper for an average-sized man; and that delicate females require only from half to three-fourths that amount, while for children it should be regulated according to the age. For a child under one year of age, only one-twelfth the dose recommended for a man will be required; under two years, only one-eighth; under three years, one-sixth; under four years, one-fourth; under eight years, one-third; under fourteen years, one-half; under eighteen years, three-fourths. Above twenty-one years the full dose may be given, and above sixty-five years the dose should be gradually diminished. Children should have a smaller proportional dose of opium in any form; but they will bear larger proportional doses of castor oil or of mercury Therefore, study to know how to give the proper remedy, in the proper quantity, at the propej time, with proper hygienic measures. DOSES FOR AN AVERAGE-SIZED MAN NAME OF DRUG. DOSE. NAME OF DRUG. DOSE. Aloes 3 to 15 grains. Syrup of Sarsaparilla . . “ Seneka .... 1 to 4 teaspoonfuls. Anise Oil 5 to 15 drops. 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls. Aqua Ammonia (in water) 10 to 30 drops. “ Rhubarb . . . 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls- Balsam Copaiba .... 10 to 40 drops. Tannic Acid 1 to 5 grains. Balsam of Fir .... 3 to 10 drops. Tincture of Aconite Root . 1 to 5 drops. Bismuth 5 to 40 grains. “ Aloes. . . . 1 to 8 teaspoonfuls. Bromide of Potassium 5 to 40 grains. “ Assafoetida 4 to 1 teaspoonful. Buchu Leaves .... 20 to 40 grains. “ Belladonna. . 10 to 30 drops. Calomel (as an alterative) •jlj to 1 grain. “ Bloodroot . . \ to 4 teaspoonful. Castor Oil 1 to 8 teaspoonfuls. “ Columbo . . 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls Citrate of Iron . . . .■ 2 to 5 grains. “ Camphor . . 5 to 60 drops. Citrate of Iron & Quinine 3 to 8 grains. “ Cayenne . . 10 to 60 drops. Cream of Tartar . . . 2 to 3 teaspoonfuls. “ Castor . . . k to 1 teaspoonful. Dover’s Powder.... 5 to 10 grains. “ Catechu . . . J to 2 teaspoonfuls Elecampane Epsom Salts 20 to 60 grains. “ CinchonaComp. 4 to 4 teaspoonfuls. 2 to 1 ounce. “ Colchieum . . 15 to 60 drops. Gallic Aeid 5 to 10 grains. “ Digitalis . . 5 to 20 drops. Iodide of Potassium . . 2 to 10 grains. “ Ginger . . . I to 1 teaspoonful. 4 to 2 teaspoonfuls. Kino 10 to 30 grains. “ Gentian Comp. Mandrake 5 to 20 grains. “ Guaiac . . . | to 1 teaspoonful. Mercury with Chalk . . 2 to 8 grains. “ Kino .... | to 2 teaspoonfuls. Morphine J to J grain. “ Lobelia . . . | to 1 teaspoonful. Muriate of Ammonia . . 5 to 20 grains. ‘ ‘ Muriate of Iron 10 to 30 drops. Opium | to 2 grains. “ Myrrh . . . 4 to 1 teaspoonful. Paregoric Peppermint Essence . . Pepsin 1 teaspoonful. 5 to 30 drops. “ Nux Vomica . “ Opium 5 to 10 drops. 1 to 5 grains. (Laudanum) 10 to 25 drops. Quinine 1 to 10 grains. “ Rhubarb . . 1 to 4 teaspoonfuls. Rochelle Salts .... 4 to 1 ounce. “ “ & Senna 1 to 4 teaspoonfuls. Rhubarb 5 to 30 grains. “ Tolu .... 1 to 1 teaspoonful. 2 t« 2 teaspoonfuls 16 to 46 drops. Saltpetre 5 to 20 grains. “ Valerian . . Santonin 2 to 5 grains. Turpentine Syrup of Squills.... “ Iodide of Iron . 4 to 1 teaspoonful. Wine of Ipecac (Diaph.) . “ “ (Emetic.) 16 to 36 drops. 15 to 30 drops. 2 to 8 teaspoonfuls, “ Senna .... 1 to 6 teaspoonfuls. " Colchieum Root. 10 to 30 drops. PAET I. DISEASES OF THE HUMAN FAMILY. ACIDITY OF THE STOMACH (Heartburn). — This accompanies dyspepsia or indi gestion frequently, and is caused many times from a neglect to take sufficient exercise in the open air, or from an inordinate use of spirituous liquors or tobacco. Treatment. — If caused by the use of liquor or tobacco, break off the destructive habit. Temporary relief may be obtained by the use of half a teaspoonful of saleratus, dissolved in half a glass of water; but the use of this remedy should not be continued, as it would be very injuri- ous to the stomach, and should only be used to procure relief in the absence of magnesia, which is a much better remedy, and can be taken in quantities of one or two teaspoonfuls in a glass of cold water. The diet should be plain, nourishing, and such as will be easily digested, avoiding sweet food or such vegetables as turn sour in the stomach; and always avoid overloading the stomach. Take daily exercise in the open air. (For further information, see Dyspepsia.) AGUE (Intermittent Fever). — This disease is generally known as “fever and ague,” “chill fever,” “the shakes,” and in some localities it is known as “swamp fever,” etc. This is a periodic fever, and is chiefly due to an infectious effluvia from decayed animal or vegetable matter, — usually the latter, — and commonly known as malaria. It occurs in districts where the surrounding country abounds in low swamps which are covered with brushwood and high grass, and is most common in the season following the cessation of the rains, while the ground is drying rapidly from the high temperature. It is more virulent in low situations than in high, and in hot slimates than in temperate. It should be remembered that malarious districts are most dangerous at night, and that this effluvia lies low, which makes it quite important to occupy an upper room, sspecially for a sleeping room, and to avoid being out in the evening if you would be particular to avoid an attack ot this disease. It is far more liable to attack persons who are feeble from any cause, — exhausted hy fatigue, travelling, mental depression, improper or Insufficient diet, intemperance, exposure to night air, aad those who have previously suffered from it. Exposure to malaria produces in different persons a different disease, according to the con- stitutional predisposition of the individual. That which will produce ague in one person may give rise to dysentery or remittent fever in another; and yet perhaps in another case it may remain latent in the system for some weeks, or even months. It is quite important to remember the above facts, so as to be the better able to come to a correct conclusion in obscure cases, where the ague-fit is not well developed. There are three species of ague, and known by physicians as; Quotidian, if the fit return every day at the same hour, generally in the morning, and lasts about ten or twelve hours; the Tertian, which comes on every other day, generally about noon, and lasts until evening, and is the most common in this country; the Quartan comes on once in three days, usually in the after- noon. By the above it will be seen that the interval or time between the commencement of one paroxysm and the beginning of the next, in the first species, is twenty-four hours; in the second, forty-eight; in the third, seventy-two. The first is most common in Spring; the second, in the Spring and Fall; the third, in the Fall. Symptoms. — The disease may set in suddenly ; or may come on gradually with a feeling of general illness, which increases until it culminates in a regular ague-fit after a few days. An ague-fit consists of three stages: — 1st. The cold stage.—This begins with feelings of chilliness and coldness in the back and extremities, weakness, the skin is rough, the nails are blue, there are violent shiverings, and chattering of the teeth, headache, backache, quick, small pulse, a feeling of oppression or tightness over the region of the stomach. After these symptoms have lasted from half an hour to three or four hours, the cold stage is gradually succeeded by the hot stage. 2d. The hot stage. —After the cold stage passes off comes reaction, and the surface of the body then becomes very hot and dry, the face flushed, the pulse full and frequent, the mouth parched, excessive thirst, fulness in the head, great restlessness, and sometimes delirium. This stage rarely continues less than three hours or more than ten or twelve hours, and then comes 3d. The sweating stage. — This stage commences with a gentle moisture, which begins on the forehead and breast, and gradually increases until it extends over the whole body ; and the headache, heat of skin, and thirst abate, and the pulse and breathing become natural, so that in uncomplicated cases the patient feels well, but weak, till the return of the same symptoms, which will return at the same hour. Complications are liable to arise in protracted cases. AGUE-CAKE. 7 Treatment. — When residing in a malarious district, persons should always take the follow- ing precaution to prevent an attack of ague : — choose an upper room to sleep in at night; avoid exposure, particularly at night; have warm clothing, good diet, and a due amount of repose. In treating most cases it is best to give a dose of the Persian pills, described on page 96, in the start, to clear the bowels; and they should be used regularly, if necessary, in a sufficient number to keep the bowels in a healthy condition. In the cold stage care should be taken to produce artificial warmth by bathing the legs and feet in water as warm as can be borne; cover the body well with warm flannel blankets, and after the legs and feet have been wiped dry, cover them well in warm flannels, and place hot sand bags around the feet, legs, stomach and bowels, and also at the back. Warm drinks should be given freely, such as ginger or weak red pepper tea. A grain of opium, or twenty-five drops of tincture of opium given to an adult just before the cold stage, often proves beneficial. In the hot stage an opposite plan should be pursued; cooling drinks then being required, and the unnecessary clothing should be removed gradually. In the sweating stage the action of the skin should be encouraged by tepid drinks, and, as soon as the sweating is over, should be wiped dry with a warm flannel, the clothing changed, being particular to have all clothing put on to the patient dry and warm; and after this sleep may be permitted. After the sweating stage has passed is the time which should be relied upon for the giving of remedies to break up the ague. The remedy which is most relied upon for breaking up this disease is sulphate of quinine, of which from two to four grains should be given in a little water with two to four drops of diluted sulphuric acid, every four hours during the intermission, beginning at once after the sweating stage has subsided, and stopping its use when the fit returns, and then treat each stage again as recommended above, and continue with the quinine again after the fit has passed. Always give of the quinine, after the cure seems to be effected, five to ten grains daily, and gradually decreasing the quantity for ten to twenty days, as the disease is apt to return on the seventh, fourteenth, or twenty-first day after the attack. If for any reason the quinine cannot be procured or cannot be taken, the following remedies can be tried; —Salicine (made from willow bark), or any of the vegetable bitters. When the disease becomes of a chronic nature a change of climate is necessary to effect a complete cure. Sulphate of quinine is to be relied upon as the best remedy which can be used for this disease, and is given by some in larger doses, say ten or fifteen grains at one dose, as soon as possible after the sweating stage has passed. Five or six drops of diluted sulphuric acid given with the quinine in a little water causes it to dissolve more readily. When the quinine causes a “ ringing of the ears,” it is an indication that a sufficient quantity has been taken for the time being. It is quite important that the Persian pills should be taken whenever it is necessary, as they are particularly well adapted to cases of this kind, as well as for all cases where a good physic is needed; and we feel confident that no pills yet discovered equals them for family use. See description on page 96. AGUE-CAKE. — This is an enlargement of the spleen, the effect of protracted ague. ANEMIA.—This is a deficiency or poverty of blood, and caused by loss of blood from any cause, or from a deprivation of the proper materials necessary for the formation of healthy blood on account of improper digestion, or from other unavoidable causes. The person afflicted with anemia is pale, and the lips, tongue, and inside of the mouth have a bleached appearance, and the skin has a waxy appearance. The temperature is below the normal standard. Treatment. — The principal treatment should be to palliate any bad symptoms that might occur; give iron in some form to enrich the blood. Citrate of iron one-fourth ounce, water four ounces, brandy or whiskey two ounces; mix and take one teaspoonful half an hour before each meal. If the patient is quite weak add to the above one drachm of sulphate of quinine and shake well before pouring out. If the bowels are not in a healthy condition give the Persian pills described on page 96. APOPLEXY.— A disease produced by congestion or rupture of the vessels of the brain, and causing a sudden arrest of sense and motion, the person lying as if in a deep sleep. It seldom attacks the young, but occurs in middle life or old age. Some believe that patients usually suffer from three different attacks, the first being mild, the second followed by paralysis, and the third ending in death. This is not exactly true, although the danger is greatly increased with each attack. The persons most likely to be attacked with apoplexy, are those whose ancestors have suffered from it; those who have habits which predispose them to an attack, such as living high; with protuberant abdomens, large heads, short, thick necks, and a flushed countenance; those of a sedentary habit, who are more than forty-five or fifty years of age, and the intemperate. Warnings. — There are usually some symptoms which precede an attack which, if properly understood by the patient, should put him on his guard, and he should take measures at once to avert the attack. Among the symptoms which are the most important, are giddiness, particu- larly on stooping, a feeling of weight and fulness in the head, temporary deafness and noises in the ears, double vision or transient blindness, headache, loss of memory, a feeling of numbness in the limbs, drowsiness, with indistinctness of articulation. Treatment. — As this is a very dangerous disease, no time should bo lost in getting a good physician to take charge of the case; but, at the same time, you should not wait without doing 8 ASTHMA, anything for the patient, Tinlesa he can be on the spot at once. The first, indication is to relieve the head from the accumulation of blood, to prevent further congestion, and to obviate inflam- matory action; to accomplish this, raise the head well up and apply cold to the head by means of pounded ice in a bladder or oiled silk bag; loosen all the clothing which is too tight, especially the neck-tie and shirt-collar; apply heat to the feet to induce a flow of blood to the lower extremities, and if the physician cannot reach you soon, give a good thorough cathartic, such as a full dose of the Persian pills described on page 96, which should always be kept in the house as a family remedy for cases of emergency, as no physic known to the profession equals them; but if these pills cannot he had, give three compound cathartic pills, U.S.P., and if these are not at hand give a heaping tablespoonful of Epsom salts, or in the absence of these give some other thorough cathartic. Many physicians bleed, but in most cases I believe it to do more harm than good, although sometimes it seems to be necessary if there is a great determination of blood to the head; hut if this should not he the case it is apt to do mischief, as the patient will need all his blood in convalescence. If the patient recovers from the fit, great care will he required afterwards to prevent a second attack. The diet should be light but nutritious; always avoid eating too large meals, which would overload the stomach; also avoid mental excitement, stimulants, or any strong medicines of a stimulating nature, lifting, especially while in a stooping posture, or any unnecessary excitement. If you are predisposed to this disease, always keep the Persian pills, described above, with you, so that whenever any of the warnings mentioned above are noticed, that you cap take a dose to produce free evacuation of the bowels, which will avert the attack if taken in season. Always keep the bowels regular by their use. ASTHMA. — A disease attended with difficulty of breathing and a sensation of constric- tion in the chest, wheezing, cough and expectoration, and is essentially a nervous disease. The spasms are caused by contraction of the circular fibres of the bronchial tubes. The cause may be in some cases hereditary, while in many cases no influence of this kind can he discovered. In some cases this affection will be owing to some organic disease within the chest, while frequently no such cause can be detected. The fits of difficult breathing may be directly due to some irritant inspired into the lungs, such as dust, certain vapors, cold air, or the emanations from hay. In many cases the fits or paroxysms come on regularly, and usually occur at night. The patient awakes suddenly and experiences a sense of suffocation, difficulty of breathing, great tightness at his chest; he cannot bear the least incumbrance about the chest, and assumes the erect posture with great eagerness. After the fit has continued from one-half to one, two, three, or even four hours, it may subside somewhat, and the patient will raise more or less from coughing, which relieves the difficulty of breathing. Treatment. — The general health should he improved during the intervals by attention to the diet, thus avoiding all derangement of the stomach; also by avoiding unwholesome air, which is contaminated with dust or any other irritant. To relieve the fit of difficult breathing the following has been used with fair success in most cases, and is probably the best remedy for the largest number of cases ; — Take Stramonium one ounce, pure saltpetre (pulverized) one drachm; mix and place a little in a pipe and take a few whiffs; or, after it is lighted, hold it a foot or two under the nose ant? breathe the fumes for a minute or more if necessary. If the stomach is overloaded with undi- gestible food, give an emetic of twenty or twenty-five grains of powdered ipecac; and then, if this does not relieve the fit, give smaller doses of the ipecac occasionally after the vomiting to keep up some sweating; or, give half a teaspoonful of the tincture of lobelia every half hour, and increase it to a teaspoonful if relief is not obtained after a few doses. The above doses are all intended for adults, but for children or weakly women a smaller proportional dose should be given. See table showing the proportion required for different ages. If constipated, take the Persian pills as recommended for constipation. Also see receipts for asthma. BABY’S SOKE MOUTH (Thrush).—This is sometimes called canker sore mouth, and consists of small, round, white elevated specks or patches, or extending over the tongue and lining membrane of the mouth, and extends in some cases down the passage into 'the stomach. The chief general symptoms are, restlessness, difficulty in swallowing, depression, diarrhoea, cough and vomiting. Treatment. — In strong constitutions give from two to five grains of magnesia or more, if necessary to loosen the bowels a little if constipated; or, in the absence of the magnesia, give castor oil. Then get at a drug store the following: borax (pulverized) two draehms, glycerine one ounce; mix and apply to the patches with a camel’s-hair pencil several times a day. The diet should be regulated, and articles containing sugar should not be given. If the above does not effect a cure after a few days, try the following: Sulphite of soda one drachm, water one ounce; mix and apply to the patches. BEE STING, BITES, ETC.—For bites of insects and reptiles, give internally sweet oil in sufficient quantities to act as a cathartic; or, give from half a pint to a pint during tha day, according to the severity of the case, beginning with three or four tablespoonfuls, and repeat every three ar four hours until free evacuation of the bowels is produced, and at the same time apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure locally to the wound several times a day. Use the refined for human flesh, if at hand; if not, the unrefined; either will answer. For the sting of Vie beo, wasp, yellow-jacket, hornet, and the like, Spavin Cure applied to the sting is the best remedy known; also for mosquito bites it has no equal. BLEEDING FROM THE LUNGS. BLEEDING FROM THE LUNGS. — This, in the greater number of cases, is merely symptomatic of consumption; though it may be due to disease of the heart which impedes the return of the blood from the lungs. It very rarely occurs as the result of some ulceration of the air passages, from abscess, inflammation, gangrene, or cancer of the lungs, aneurism, etc. The blood is usually frothy and of a bright red color, and raised by coughing; while in bleeding from the stomach, the patient vomits the blood usually in large quantities, and of a much darker color than that raised by coughing from the lungs. Treatment.—The patient should remain as quiet as possible, in bed, with the head and shoulders elevated. Give ten to fifteen grains of gallic acid every two, three, or four hours, according to the urgency of the symptoms. Sometimes it is necessary to begin with a large dose in the start, if the bleeding is excessive, and in cases of this kind give thirty grains of gallic acid for a dose, in five ounces of water, with thirty drops of the aromatic sulphuric acid; but in excessive bleeding a physician should be called. In some cases the application of cold over the chest does good, but if this is tried its effect should be carefully watched. Sucking ice usually does much good. A teaspoonful of common salt dissolved in a little water, or taken dry if preferred, will in many cases stop the bleeding for a while. Relieve the cough by opium in some form. (See table of doses and proportions for children.) BLEEDING FROM THE NOSE. — This occurs frequently in childhood, and is seldom troublesome except in some cases where it comes on during the progress of some disease. When it occurs in advanced life it often gives rise to much anxiety. Treatment. — Raise one or both of the arms above the head and hold them in that position for some time; if this plan fails, apply cold to the back of the neck, and down the back if thought best, or cold water or ice may be applied directly over the forehead and nose. If the above simple means all fail, swab the nostrils with muriated tincture of iron one ounce, water four ounces, mixed; or use alum and water if the tincture of iron cannot be had easily. If there be a tendency to apoplexy, or if the patient has heart disease, the bleeding may prove to be a benefit if not too profuse. BLEEDING FROM THE STOMACH. — In bleeding from the stomach the blood is vomited up instead of being raised by coughing, and is usually of a dark color, and may be mixed with the food, and is not frothy as when it comes from the lungs. In some cases of this kind the blood may pass into the intestines. Treatment.—Perfect rest in bed, abstinence from food for a while, cold ice drinks, and ten to fifteen grains of gallic acid constitutes the treatment which should be adopted in the start. Turpentine, given in doses of twenty or thirty drops, is recommended by some. Cold over the stomach is sometimes useful. If the patient be prostrated, give an injection of beef-tea with a teaspoonful or two of brandy and one grain of pulverized opium or twenty-five to thirty drops of the tincture. Then give for several days half to one teaspoonful of tincture of guaiac three times a day in a little water and taken before eating. BLEEDING FROM THE URINARY ORGANS. —This is not a very common occurrence, but may take place as the result of an external injury from a fall, blow, or bruise; or it may be a symptom of other diseases. It is sometimes brought on as the result of a strain from jumping, lifting, riding horseback, etc. Treatment. — We shall only give here the treatment necessary to stop the bleeding; but we recommend the patient to get at the cause, if possible, and endeavor to remove the cause by adopting proper treatment, which will be noticed in its proper place. To stop the bleeding give the following: gallic acid twenty grains, aromatic sulphuric acid fifteen drops, tincture of cinna- mon two teaspoonfuls, water three tablespoonfuls; mix and take the whole at one dose, and repeat this every four hours until the bleeding stops. BOILS.—Boils are so familiar to everyone that they need little or no description. The most common causes are, a residence in an impure atmosphere, improper or insufficient food, sexual excesses, mental anxiety, overwork, or anything which causes deterioration of the blood. Treatment. — If desired, they can be scattered, if taken early, by treating as recommended in the last of the treatment for carbuncle; and, if so, always take the iodide of potassium to purify the blood, when you can obtain it from your drug store; if it is decided not-to scatter it, apply poultices as recommended for carbuncle to hasten suppuration. Take the Persian pills described on page 96, to regulate the bowels and improve the condition of the blood. BRONCHITIS.—This is an inflammation of the membrane lining the bronchial tubes (or air passages). It ocours in every grade, from a slight cold to a very dangerous disease. Symptoms.—The chief symptoms consist of fever, hurried breathing with a sense of tightness about the chest, but not always acute pain. The cough is severe, and at first is dry; but later expectoration commences. The matter raised is at first clear, tenacious, mucous, and afterwards becomes thicker, more abundant, and purulent. Usually the painful symptoms subside when the patient begins to raise freely. The tongue is foul, pulse frequent, and many times quite weak; there is also headache, lassitude, and great anxiety. If relief is not afforded by the expectoration or by remedies, the disease assumes a very dangerous character, and in many cases soon ends in death. Improvement begins from the fourth to eighth day, in cases which terminate favorably. It is difficult for persons not accustomed to examining the ohest, to always distinguish it from pneumonia (lung fever), if the case is one of severity; but in mild cases the symptoms do not usually occasion much alarm. Treatment,—This disease may be prevented many times by taking a full dose of Dover’s BRUISES powder (ten grains for an adult) as soon as it is discovered that the patient has taken cold. It may be given at bed-time, accompanied by a hot foot-bath, and some warm, stimulating drink to assist in producing some sweating. In the morning give the Persian pills described on page 96, to act as physic. If the above plan does not cut the disease short, then keep the patient confined to the bed, and give medicines which have a tendency to produce a little perspiration, and also have considerable moisture in the room by placing an open kettle of water on the stove, so as to produce considerable steam in the room. For the cough, which is usually troublesome, give some of the cough mixtures recommended among the receipts for coughs. If pain and soreness of the chest be prominent symptoms, apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure over the seat of pain or soreness, using the refined if at hand, but if not, the unrefined, and repeat this twice a day until the soreness disappears; this is very much better than blisters, or any other outward application that can be used. Chronic Bronchitis is the result of the acute form of the disease, lingering without complete recovery; in which case sulphate of quinine, in doses of two to four grains, should be given three times a day with a good nourishing diet; also give the cough mixture which seems to work best among the receipts for coughs. Also give the Persian pills, described on page 96, to keep the bowels in a healthy condition, and to renovate the system and purify the blood. BRUISES.—The best application that can be made to wounds of this character is Ken- dall’s Spavin Cure, which we have seen tried repeatedly, and never knew of anything which removed the soreness so quickly, and restored the part to its natural condition. Use either the refined for human flesh, or the unrefined, as you prefer. BUNIONS. — This consists of an enlargement and thickening over the joint of the big toe, as shown in the engraving. The cause is usually the same as that of common corns, and it should be treated about the same. Re- move the pressure by wearing boots sufficiently large, especially over the bunion, to cause little or no pressure. The best local remedy ever used for this painful affection, is to apply two or three times a day Kendall’s Spavin Cure. We never have known the above treatment to fail when the cure was persevered with for two or three weeks, or longer if necessary, in bad cases. BURNS AND SCAUDS. — There is considerable difference in different cases as to the extent of the injury from the burns produced by hot fluids, vapors, etc. In some cases which are only superficial, there will only be slight inflammation or redness pro- duced ; while in others, the burn may be so severe as to cause the death of the part, followed by sloughs. Extensive burns over a large part of the body are very danger- ous, even if only superficial. Treatment.—For burns and scalds of ordinary severity, we have had excellent success by applying Kendall’s Spavin Cure, which removes the soreness and restores the part to its natural condition. For cases which are very extensive and deep, so as to cause the death of the part, it is best to call a physician; but, if one cannot he had, apply soothing applications, such as will exclude the air. Slippery-elm poultices, grated potatoes, cotton saturated with sweet-oil or glycerine. If the pain is severe, give for a grown person a teaspoonful of paregoric, and less for children, according to the age. CAIXOUS. — This is a thickening of the skin or other tissues, and is caused by pressure or as the result of some injury. They are similar in their nature to a com or bunion, and should be treated the same. Most cases require treatment for several weeks to remove wholly. CARBUNCLE. — This is a severe inflammation of the skin and subjacent tissue. The swelling is flattened, hard, and more or less circular in shape; very painful, and of a dull red color. Its size varies from half an inch to five, six, or even seven inches in diameter. There is throbbing, much heat, and a dull, aching pain in the whole of the affected part. As time passes on, suppuration takes place in the tumefaction. They are situated most frequently on the back part of the neck, or on the back, shoulders, etc. They rarely occur in childhood. Causes. — Carbuncles, as well as boils, have their origin in a vitiated state of the blood, only with the former it is in an exaggerated condition. They arise sometimes in persons weakened by disease, or from an unhealthy condition of the atmosphere, or from some powerful irritant, when the predisposing influence is present. Symptoms. — The patient notices fora day or two before the appearance of the carbuncle •that he is not well; there is a sense of languor and chilliness, and as the inflammation appears, the constitutional disturbance becomes marked in proportion to the extent of the morbid process, and there is headache, confusion of mind, irritability from the pain, feeble, rapid pulse, and the tongue thickly furred. Occasionally there is much fever and prostration, and the case becomes quite serious, and should have the attention of a good physician as early as practical. Treatment.— Poultices of linseed-meal should be applied, and changed sufficiently often to keep warm and moist. If the flaxseed-meal cannot be had, use a poultice made of wheat bread and milk. Apply to the poultice, just before putting on to the carbuncle, two or three grains of powdered opium, or half to one teaspoonful of laudanum (tincture of opium). Many physi- cians practise cutting an incision down to the base of the swelling as early as possible after the CATARRH, 11 carbuncle is started; but we do not recommend this without consulting a physician. In the early stage of carbuncle give a full dose of the Persian pills, described on page 96, to produce free action of the bowels and liver. The above pills should be used in preference to any other physic, on account of the valuable effect they produce on the blood; but if it is impossible for you to get them, give a full dose of Epsom salts; later, give tonics to support the strength, say two grains of quinine before each meal three times a day. If taken as soon as first noticed, they can be scattered by applying Kendall’s Spavin Cure freely, and giving a full dose of the Persian pills described above; after these have operated freely upon the bowels, give the following: Iodide of potassium one-half ounce, citrate of iron one-half drachm, water four ounces; mix, and take one teaspoonful after each meal, and lessen the quantity a little if it produces a brassy taste, which does not disappear before the next meal. CATARRH. — This term is commonly used to signify a chronic inflammation of the Schnei- derian membrane of the nose; but it more properly signifies an inflammation of the respiratory organs. When the disease is located in the head, and becomes chronic, it is attended with an offensive purulent discharge; and it may be accompanied with scrofula or with caries (disease of the bone), in which case it becomes quite troublesome. Treatment. — For the acute form, see treatment of Colds and Coughs. After this difficulty has become chronic the following treatment will usually prove as satisfactory as any. The treat- ment should be constitutional as well as local. The best local treatment is to take two large tablespoonfuls of common salt and dissolve it in one quart of soft water, warm to nearly blood heat, and place in a Kasai Douche, and use as shown in the engraving by plac- ing it a little higher than the head, pressing the rubber tube with the thumb and finger so as to prevent the fluid escaping; introduce the nozzle at the end of the tube into one nostril, and press it in so as to close the nostril, then stand in the position as shown in the cut; open the mouth, and breathe through the mouth; avoid swallowing while the fluid is passing through the nostrils. Then let up the pressure so as to allow the fluid to flow, which will pass up one nostril and cleanse all the affected membranes and pass out the other nostril. Remember not to swallow while the liquid is flowing, and also re- member to breathe through the mouth, and then you will find it will work perfectly. After you have allowed about half the fluid to pass through from one nostril, change and let it run in through the other, allowing most of it, if not all, to be used, if it is needed to cleanse the parts thoroughly. After using the salt and water, as recommended above, place an ounce or two of the following solution in the douche, and allow it to pass through the nose as before: Take sulphate of zinc one drachm, water one pint; dissolve, and use two to four tablespoonfuls after using the salt and water. Repeat the above two or three times a day. The following should be taken when using the above, and should be continued, if necessary, for several weeks: Take one drachm of the citrate of iron and quinine, two ounces whiskey, and two ounces of water; mix, and take one teaspoonful half an hour before each meal. Also take at the same time the following mixture: Half an ounce of iodide of potassium, four ounces fluid extract of sarsaparilla, two ounces of fluid extract of yellow dock; mix, and take one teaspoonful half an hour after each meal. A good nourishing diet is quite important. It is also quite im- portant, in treating this disease, to take the Persian pills described on page 96, to regulate the bowels, and also to produce a purifying effect upon the blood. CHICKEN-POX. — This disease is almost confined to childhood, but occasionally affects adults. It is quite insignificant as regards distressing symptoms or danger, but is important to distinguish it from small-pox or varioloid. It completely runs through all its phases in six or eight days, and consists of an eruption of pimples, which on the second day become converted into transparent vesicles, and is surrounded by slight redness. The breaking out begins on the shoulders and back, and later appears on the scalp; but often-times it does not appear on the face, and about the fourth day small scabs are formed on the vesicles, which dry down rapidly. The fever is slight, and there are no alarming symptoms as in small-pox. It is contagious, and occurs hut once to the same person. It requires no treatment, except to confine to the bed, and attention to the bowels by a proper use of the Persian pills, described on page 96, in sufficient doses to produce a moderate movement of the bowels. MANNER OF USING THE NASAL DOUCHE. CHILBLAINS. CHILBLAINS. — This affection is usually the result of slight frost-bite, and generally occur* on the feet, but may at times occur on the hands. It occurs many times without freezing, by the parts being exposed alternately to extreme cold and heat. The affected part is somewhat swollen and of a purplish-red color, attended with intolerable itching at times, especially if the weather is about to moderate. It appears in the Winter or Soring. Treatment.—Apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure freely night and morning, and oftener if it should be necessary. We never knew this treatment to fail. If the bowels are constipated, use the Persian pills recommended on page 96. CHILDREN, SICKNESS OF. — Children are frequently sick when no regular form of disease can be recognized, and the difficulty will be functional derangement of the stomach or bowels, caused by eating some indigestible food, etc. The child is hot and feverish, and many times quite dumpish. If it is feared that any particular form of disease is present, it would be well to read description of that disease; but if it is evident that the cause is as we hare sug- gested above, it would be well to give a full dose of castor oil to produce free action of the bowels, so as to remove any undigested food which might remain in the stomach or bowels to keep up an irritation, and thus cause severe fever and sickness. In every case we ever noticed, such as we have described above, if castor oil was given promptly, sufficient to act freely on the bowels, recovery soon followed; and we believe much suffering might he cut sho>-t by resorting to this plan promptly. The oil never has done any harm in any case we ever saw it used for. CHOLERA.—This dreaded disease is called by various names, such as Asiatic cholera, Epidemic cholera, etc. It seems to have started from India and to have existed there for a long period; but in other parts of the world it has existed solely as an epidemic. It has visited this country several times since its first appearance in 1832. Symptoms. — Simple diarrhoea precedes a great majority of cases, the dejections being more or less in number, painless and copious. This diarrhoea which precedes the attack may last for a few hours only, or it may continue for several days. In some cases vomiting occurs with the diarrhoea. There are no other symptoms, excepting those mentioned above, which indicate a tendency to the disease. Owing to this fact, it is many times difficult to persuade the patient to think there is any danger from this disease, as they feel quite well with the exception of the diarrhoea, which is not particularly troublesome. In about one out of every five to twenty cases, on an average, the premonitory symptoms of diarrhoea is wanting, but varies considerable from this in some epidemics. The development of cholera is usually first noticed by characters relating to the intestinal evacuations. If there has been diarrhoea as described above, the dis- charges are suddenly increased in quantity; or, if diarrhoea has been absent, there will be sudden and copious liquid discharges. These symptoms, which usually occur in the night, constitute the attack. The stools are of a rice-color, and look like grains of rice in rice-water, or flakes of curd in whey, and has a yellowish-white color. Vomiting occurs in a portion of the cases, also cramps, sometimes of the muscles of the abdomen, and in other cases, muscles of the limbs also. The pulse is rapid and feeble. Very little pain is experienced excepting from the cramps. The heat of the body is diminished several degrees, sometimes six or eight. Thirst is a prominent symptom. The skin becomes cold, patient very restless, and death usually occurs in six to twelve hours. Treatment. — The most important measures to he adopted are, to prevent, if possible, an attack, by removing, as far as possible, everything which is thought to favor the development of the disease, and to treat promptly the diarrhma which precedes the attack in a great majority of the cases. We wish to impress upon the minds of our readers, if possible, the great importance of treating every case of diarrhoea which occurs during an epidemic of cholera; for experience has proved, beyond a doubt, that if taken at once, as soon as the first symptoms of diarrhoea are noticed, that an attack of cholera is averted in nearly every case, if the following treatment is adopted. Never give cathartics in any case; but adopt an opposite treatment, and give for the diarrhoea the following : Tincture of opium four drachms, tincture kino one and one-half ounces, tincture of camphor six drachms, tincture of capsicum six drachms; mix, and for an adult take one teaspoonful in a little water, and, if necessary, repeat in fifteen or twenty minutes; after it stops, it would be well to take two or more doses, two or three hours apart, to he certain that the diarrhoea has been effectually checked. If anything should be necessary to move the bowels during the epidemic, use injections just sufficient to insure one evacuation. For a child twelve years oid, give half the above dose; four to six years old, one-fourth the quantity. If every one would be particular to note the above facts, and get the above prescription filled at a drug store as soon as it is evident that they are having an epidemic of cholera, and then be particular to take it according to directions, as soon as they notice any diarrhma, then be particular to rest from any labor for a while, and be careful not to eat anything which is liable not to digest easily, they will be quite sure to avert an attack, if anything will do it. It is also a good plan to get an ounce of subnitrate of bismuth, and take the bulk of a pea after eating, and from six to ten times during the day. Those who can with propriety should remove without the range of its prevalence. It is quite important in the hot season of the year to pay strict attention to sewer*, cesspools, and privies; also to look to the water supply, whether it be wells or from other sources; pro- viding against overcrowding tenements; also by efficient quarantine regulation*, etc. If cholera is once established in any city or village, prompt measures should be taken at once to disinfect every house in which it occurs thoroughly, and in this way it may be “ stamped out ” entirely in i&any instances. The preceding remarks have been made with a view of preventing or curing Cholera infantum. 13 the disease before it is fully developed; but, if this is neglected until cholera is fully developed, the best remedy to rely on is some form of opium, either the tincture or morphine. We prefer morphine placed on the tongue dry and in large doses, at least from two to four times the size of an ordinary dose of one-eighth of a grain. Some even give as much as three-fourths or one gram at a dose, but we would not advise quite as large a dose; but the patient should be watched closely, and if the first dose be vomited as soon as taken, more should be given at once. The remedy should be repeated from half to three-fourths of an hour until the dejection eease. If vomiting should occur so frequent as to prevent its being taken effectually, it should be given in injections, and the quantity should be increased, if given this way, to double the amount given by the mouth. As there is a possibility of giving an overdose of the morphine, vre recommsnd to have a physician present to watch its effects, if it is possible to obtain one; but it should be borne in mind that the remedy should be given promptly if you would save life; and in many cases if you were to wait for half an hour or an hour before giving the morphine, it would be too late to save life. You should rely upon the opiate and not add other remedies, but have the patient lie quietly in bed and hold pieces of ice in the mouth; and he should not be allowed to get up to go to stool, and should be urged to resist, as much as possible, the desire to evacuate the bowels. An injection of one tablespoonful of brandy and two or three tablespoonfuls of beef-tea, repeated every half hour, or every hour, are often beneficial. Avoid producing deep sleep, if possible, by the large doses of the opiate. In the stage of collapse apply warm blankets or other artifical heat, and give stimulants in water as freely as the stomach will bear without inducing vomiting; also give ice in small lumps. CHOLERA INEANTUM. — This disease is one of the most fatal affections to which children are subjected. It is known by some as Summer complaint of infants, and occurs most extensively in large cities; but no section is exempt from it entirely. It occurs most frequently during the period from four to twenty months of age. It commences with a profuse diarrhoea; this is succeeded by irritability of the stomach, and the child vomits frequently, and soon becomes languid and prostrated as the result of the frequent vomiting and purging. The pulse is quick; the tongue white and slimy; skin dry and harsh; the head and bowels are hot; but the feet and hands may either be natural in temperature or cold. Soon there is fever, pain, and restlessness. Death may occur in six or eight hours; but usually the case is more protracted. The child lies with the eyes half closed, with imperfect sleep, and takes but little notice of what is transpiring in the room. In a few hours the body becomes cold; the tongue dark, and the throat dry; the bowels bloated; the discharges dark colored, offensive, and profuse, or in some cases may be small. Treatment. — This is one of the diseases which should be attended by a good physician when practical; but if not, treat as follows: If the case resembles cholera of adults, the indica- tions are to arrest the vomiting and purging as soon as this can be done, and to restore heat by applying warm, dry flannels or other artificial heat. Sustain the system by giving brandy in quantities of half a teaspoonful in a little water, and repeated every half hour to an hour, or oftener if necessary, to sustain the powers; also give as much of good beef-tea, made from fresh beef-steak. Control the vomiting and purging by giving ten to fifteen drops of paregoric, and give the second dose in half an hour; and after this, repeat every hour or every second hour, as seems to be necessary. Physicians might give more at times, but there is some danger from an overdose, if given in larger quantities by a person unaccustomed to its use; if the child is only four to six months of age, perhaps five drops might do to begin with, and then increase the dose if necessary. Also apply mustard pastes over the stomach to assist in stopping vomiting. Also give five to twenty grains of the subcarbonate or the subnitrate of bismuth, and repeat every one, two, or three hours, as seems to be necessary. Milk with lime-water is usually retained better than other nourishment, if given in small quantities at a time, perhaps one teaspoonful, and repeated as often as thought best. The opium treatment, as given above in the form of paregoric, is not always indicated, especially in the milder cases. In some cases where the discharges are very light colored, give a few small doses of one-tenth of a grain of calomel, or one-half grain of mercury and chalk, followed by one or two grains of rhubarb, with half the quantity of soda, and repeated every two, three, or four hours. Borne cases the diarrhoea is controlled by one- tenth to one-half grain of tannic acid, or by four to ten drops of tincture of kino in a little water. An important item in the treatment is to regulate the diet; we do not mean by this to starve the child, by any means, but, on the contrary, give good, suitable, and nourishing diet, but be par- ticular to avoid everything that is not easily digested. Pure milk is the most natural and appro- priate food in most cases, and in some cases it would be well to add boiled flour. Some give raw meat, tender beef being most suitable, and should be pounded to a pulp and a little salt added. CHOLERA MORBUS. — This disease prevails generally in the hot season, and consists of violent, griping pain in the bowels, followed by frequent vomiting and purging of green bilious matter. The attack occurs oftener in the night than in the daytime. Cause.—Indigestible food, or a change of food during the hot weather; especially by eating a considerable amount of fresh meat for several days after one has been without it for a long time, in which case he is liable to eat more of the meat than is advisable. Constant exposure to a high temperature, etc. Treatment. — If it is evident that the stomach yet contains any undigested food, such as uncooked vegetables, etc., an emetic might be indicated; and if so, give to an adult twenty grains of ipecae to clear the stomach; but as the stomach is usually unloaded of everything of this kind as soon as vomiting occurs, an emetic is very rarelv indicated. The stomach having been COLIC o emptied of its contents, the next indication is to arrest the vomiting and purging, as •well as the cramps and pain, by opium in some form, in sufficient doses to effect this object. Laudanum (or tincture of opium) is perhaps the best form to give the remedy, in doses of twenty-five to thirty drops to a grown person, and a proportionally smaller dose for children. If the opiate be vomited as 600n as given, another dose should be given, and so on; but if it cannot be kept on the stomach, twice the quantity should be given in a little starch-water as an injection, just after an evacuation, and the patient urged to resist as long as possible the inclination to expel it. If the first be rejected, a second or third injection may be given if necessary. Whichever way the remedy is given, it should be repeated every two hours, or oftener if necessary, until the vomiting and purging are arrested; but do not repeat the doses so often as to give an overdose. Water should not be allowed, nor for a while after vomiting has been arrested, as it prolongs the affec- tion ; but pieces of ice may be held in the mouth. COLIC. — This consists of severe griping pains in the bowels, usually with costiveness, and often by vomiting. There is no fever nor quickness of pulse. The pain, which is of a twist- ing character about the navel, is relieved by pressure. It comes on very severe, and then lets up, so there is perfect or partial ease. Bilious Colic is that variety which occurs in the Summer or Fall, and is produced by some derangement of the liver. In these cases there is tenderness in the region of the liver, and vomit- ing of bilious matter, also a jaundiced appearance of the skin and eyes. Treatment. —In cases which are not very severe the application of hot cloths to the abdomen frequently affords relief.- Ginger tea or anise may relieve mild cases; but where the above treat- ment fails, give, if the patient is an adult, one teaspoonful of paregoric, and repeat if necessary in an hour. Children should have a proportionally smaller dose. Apply heat to the abdomen in every case, as indicated above. If the bowels do not move spontaneously in one or two days, give the Persian pills described on page 96 to move them. It is claimed by some that one teaspoonful of common salt dissolved in half a teacupful of cold water, and taken as soon as possible after the attack, will cure nearly every case. CONSTIPATION.—This occurs under so large a variety of circumstances that it would be impracticable for us, in our limited space, to give each a thorough description; but suffice it to say that the most common form of this difficulty occurs with those whose habits are sedentary, and who have allowed themselves to become so by neglecting to be regular in going to stool. This difficulty may seem to many to be of little importance, but we can assure such that they are in error, for there is perhaps as much suffering caused, either directly or indirectly, by this as from any disorder. The great variety of bad feelings and unfavorable symptoms which it causes are numerous. Treatment.—The best remedy known for this troublesome disease is the Persian pills described on page 96; but, in addition to a proper use of these pills, an important part of the treatment of habitual constipation is to adopt a rule to solicit an evacuation at the same hour everyday,—just after breakfast being perhaps the most favorable time. This plan should be persevered with, and after a time success will be accomplished; but in most cases a few doses of the Persian pills will be required for a time. The above plan should be persevered with every day all through life. CONSUMPTION.—It would be impossible for us, in the short space allotted for this subject, to give it a thorough description, and we shall not therefore attempt this, but only notice some of the most approved methods of treatment, taking it for granted that all are more or less familiar with the nature and symptoms of the disease. Treatment. — It is evident that certain remedies have a beneficial effect; but it is also quite as certain that strict observance of the laws of health is of greater service, if possible, than any medicines can be in curing this disease. The best thing to restore strength is to have frequent and proper exercise in the open air, and a good nourishing diet, composed largely of good fresh beef, or other fresh meats frequently, to give a variety; also fresh milk, and fresh sweet cream and butter should be taken as largely as can be without causing disgust, or causing indigestion. The most important object in the treatment is to nourish the body to the fullest possible extent, and to do this the patient must persevere in following out the directions given. If the appetite is deficient, as it usually is, it should be encouraged as much as possible by taking tonics to accomplish this end. Give one or two grains of quinine half an hour before each meal; and, if the bowels be constipated,give the Persian pills, which are noticed on page 96, at bed-time, in sufficient dose to overcome this difficulty, and repeat them whenever it may be necessary. If these fail to increase the appetite after a fair trial, other bitter tonics may be tried; but the above, if persevered with, will be most likely to do good. A diet which is composed mostly of fresh milk has many times done much good-when the appetite has been poor, or when other articles of food cause disturbance of the stomach and digestion; and even if this is not the case, it is always safe to take milk as a part of the diet. But if the milk is relied on mostly, it should be taken in large quantities, so as to nourish the body sufficiently. As stated above, exercise in the open air is, of all measures, the most important. Some place great importance in a change of climate, and this may be well in some cases, if taken early; but we have known of so many who have tried this plan after the disease was far advanced, and only went from home to die among strangers, that we have but little faith in this plan as a rule; for the disadvantages which one is compelled to put up with, and the fatigue caused by travelling, more than overbalance all the good received in the majority of cases; but the patient should select CONVULSIONS OF CHILDREN. Borne out-door work, which is so light as not to cause fatigue, such as work in the garden; or ladies sometimes prefer spending their time in making and caring for a flower-garden. But, whatever the employment is, it should he such as the patient can and will become interested in, so that they will have some enjoyment in attending to it, and not he compelled to do it simply as they would take a medicine, because they think they must. We would caution the patient against attending to the work selected so closely as to get very tired. The sleeping-room should be well ventilated by keeping the window open; but good common sense should be exercised in this, by beginning gradually to raise the window a little each day, until the patient has become accustomed to it, and by not opening a window in such a position as to allow the wind to strike the patient. Cold air is not always pure, as some imagine; and in winter a fire may be kept in the sleeping- room, but the window should be kept open. The clothing should be warm, to protect the body against atmospherical changes, always wearing flannels next to the skin. The greatest obstacle in many cases is the lack of persever- ance on the part of the patient in carrying out the above plan strictly and continuously until recovery takes place fully. Having noticed what we consider the most important measures in the treatment, we proceed to mention a few remedies which are held in more or less esteem by different authors. Cod liver oil in many cases does much good, if it does not impair the appetite or digestion, nor occasion derangement of the bowels; but if it does produce any of these derangements, the propriety of using it i; questionable. Some claim that fresh sweet cream is preferable to the oil, but both should be used if they do not produce the above-named effects. Citrate of iron and quinine, in doses of two or three grains, half an hour before each meal, is indicated in cases where the patient is weak, pale, and has a poor appetite. The numerous cough medicines which increase expector, ation are not in most cases of any advantage, as they have a' tendency to diminish the appetite and disturb digestion. The patient should resist the inclination to cough as much as possible. In cases where there is considerable pain in any portion of the lungs, you should apply Ken- dall’s Spavin Cure over the location of the pain, by bathing it gently with the refined if you have it; if not, use the unrefined, and in either case apply it two or three times a day, which will usually cause it to subside in a few days. CONVULSIONS OF CHILDKEN.—Kits or convulsions frequently occur in infancy, during the first few years of life. The causes may be quite numerous, but we shall not attempt to treat all varieties. The most frequent causes are the presence of some irritating substance in the stomach or bowels, an overloaded stomach, or inflammation of the gums during teething. Treatment. — The first indication is to apply cold to the head and temples, by applying a cloth wet in cold water, and to apply warmth to the feet to equalize the circulation. Then, if possible, find out the cause, and remove it. If it be on account of the gums being irritated, cut them; or if not familiar with the proper manner of doing this, call a physician to do it for you. If the cause be from an overloaded stomach, give to a child one year old two grains of ipecac, unless it be decided that the brain is affected, and in this case call a physician, who will be more likely to get at the true cause. CORNS. —This is a horny hardness of the skin, and occurs chiefly on the joints, but may appear upon any prominent part of the body subjected to pressure. It occurs most frequently on the joints of the toes, owing to the irritation of badly-made boots. Treatment. — The cause of the corn being pressure from badly-fitting boots, or those made from hard unyield- ing upper leather, it is readily seen that to effect a permanent cure attention should be given to having the boots properly made from suitable leather. But to effect a cure of bad corns has always been quite difficult, until the discovery of Kendall’s Spavin Cure, which always cures if used as follows : Soak the feet for about fifteen minutes in warm water, then pare off the corn carefully with a sharp knife until the hard substance has all been removed; then apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure two or three times a day for several days, or weeks if necessary, which is sure to effect a cure if above directions are persevered with. CROUP.—This is a dangerous and distressing disease, which occurs in childhood, and is most apt to occur in cold moist weather. There are two varieties, the membranous and catarrhal, — the former a very fatal disease, and the latter much more mild. The catarrhal croup is characterized by symptoms similar to those of a cold; but at night the croupy cough comes on suddenly, the child awaking with the characteristic sound, which is of a peculiar shrill sound, like the barking of a dog. The membranous croup may resemble the catarrhal variety in its symptoms at first; or they may be from the first of a peculiar character, the child going about with a muffled voice and cough, and the parents many times suppose it to be nothing more than a common cold; but soon the exudation causes obstruction in the throat, and the breathing is difficult. Spasms of the throat may be more or less present; and, as the disease advances, the obstruction is increased, the labor of breathing becoming greater, and attended with much distress. The voice is reduced to a husky whisper, and there are marked indications of distress and suffering. It occurs in some cases as a complication of diphtheria. Treatment. — Keep the child in bed, and clothe in flannel; the air should be kept warm and 16 moist by placing an open kettle of water on the stove. Then the following mixture should be kept on hand in the house, and as soon as the first symptoms of this disease are noticed, give the preparation as directed below, which will in many cases with proper management cut the disease short: Take of tincture of bloodroot one ounce, tincture of lobelia one ounce, wine of ipecac one ounce, and hive syrup five ounces; mix, and give to a child one year old, five to ten drops; two years old, ten to fifteen drops; four years old, fifteen to twenty-five drops; and eight years old, twenty-five to forty drops; older or younger children in proportion to age. The above is also a good cough medicine for various coughs. If the above medicine does not relieve the symptoms after a few doses have been given, it would be well to give an emetic of ipecac. For dose, see table of doses. In addition to the above treatment, bathe the outside of the throat freely with Kendall’s Bpavin Cure, using the refined, or in the absence of this, the unrefined. Then apply a flannel cloth outside, and repeat the application of the cure two or three times a day. If the throat become obstructed at any time from an accumulation of mucus, the ipecac should be given in sufficient quantities to produce vomiting, which will remove the obstruction usually. In very bad cases, where other treatment has failed to afford relief, some have claimed to find relief by applying cold to the neck. If this plan be decided upon, you should begin by applying cloths wrung out of cold water, and repeated every five minutes, so as not to allow it to get warm; and after a few applications, pounded ice in a bladder or oiled-silk bag may be kept to the neck. The temperature of the room should be kept up to 80° or 85°, and the room filled with steam; this is very important. CIIEVATIIKE OF1 THE SPINE. — This occurs in children of a scrofulous constitu- tion, and is caused by a lack of a sufficient amount of lime and other earthy matter in the hones. The disease is essentially identical with rickets, and the treatment should be quite similar. The patient should be allowed plenty of fresh and pure air, good nourishing diet, in which pure milk should enter largely, and also a reasonable amount of good beef or other fresh meat. Also frequent bathing in water with a large handful of salt dissolved in it. Give citrate of non and quinine; for dose, see table with proportion for children. Do all that is possible to improve the general health. See also rickets. In addition to the above bathe over the spine once or twice a day with Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and keep the bowels regular by a proper une of the Persian pills described on page 96. DEBILITY. — This may occur as the result of various diseases; and without attempting to describe all the circumstances in which it may occur, we give a few prescriptions which will do great good usually. In the majority of cases there is a lack of nutrition; and to overcome this difficulty tonics must he taken which will tone up the stomach and increase the appetite, so that more food will be taken with relish. Many of the eases of debility will he treated under their proper heads; but if the cause is unknown, so that you are unable to decide as to the real nature of the disease, give one or two grains of quinine to increase the appetite and strength; if the patient is pale as well as debilitated, give three or four grains of the citrate of iron and quinine instead of the quinine alone, and repeat three times a day half an hour before meals. Compound tincture of gentian, in doses of one or two teaspoonfuls half an hour before meals, iB an excellent hitter tonic for some cases. In addition to the above, it is very necessary to have a good, generous diet into which fresh meats, eggs, and milk should enter largely. All the laws of health should be observed, and all excesses avoided. The bowels should be regulated by using the Persian pills mentioned on page 96. DIARRHCEA. — This term is used to denote morbid frequency of intestinal discharges. Diarrhoea may occur in the course of various diseases, or it may occur-when there is no other disease afflicting the patient, in which case it may be the result of overfeeding, or the use of improper food, such as unripe fruit, raw vegetables, etc., or the drinking of foul water, or exposure to great heat, which is the cause of so much of this disease in the Summer. This dis ease should not be confounded with dysentery; for description of which see Dysentery. Treatment.—In an ordinary case of diarrhoea caused by indigestion, usually calls for little or no treatment, unless, if the bowels contain undigested food, which is not expelled without, give a dose of Epsom salts to clear the bowels, and then if relief is not afforded, give a dose of one grain of powdered opium, and repeat in six or eight hours if necessary; but do not give the opium for too long a time, as it impairs digestion. The subearbonate or subnitrate of bismuth, in doses of from five to forty grains for an adult, is an excellent remedy for many cases, as it relieves intestinal irritation. The diet should be regulated and remedies given to assist digestion. Various vegetable astringents are given with more or less benefit: among which are kino, tannic acid, gallic acid, blackberry root, etc.; for doses of which, see table of doses.. Subcarbonate or subnitrate of bismuth, in doses of from twenty to sixty grains, repeated three or four times a day, are among the most valuable remedies for chronic diarrhoea. Eor further treatment see receipts for diarrhoea; for children see also Cholera Infantum. DIPHTHERIA.—This may be defined as a sore throat of great gravity, due to poisoned blood, and is attended with great prostration. One of the principal features of the disease is the exudation of a false membrane on the tonsils and adjacent parts. Before diphtheria breaks out in any locality, throat affections are sometimes noticed to be unusually prevalent. Different cases vary considerable in the development of the disease. Sometimes the attack is abrupt, commencing with a chill, followed by fever; or in other cases the disease may begin with symp- toms denoting great prostration. In other cases the development of the disease is gradual, the patient complaining of various ailments. There is but little pain or soreness in the throat, and on this account there is a liability of overlooking its existence if the throat is not examined; CURVATURE ©E THE SPINE. ■ ,-ISEASE of the heart. 17 ,k ri-is tna case in a proportion cf the cases of this disease. The breath is notably fetid l •..*.!? r isos. The tonsils and throat arc swollen so much in many cases as to cause some abstraction to respiration. ].i spine mild cases the patient considers it as a trivial affair, and not take the l>< d, ami ;•* en does not keep within doors; this is very unsafe, as grave symp- ; arc liable to d-weiop even in the mildest cases at the outset. The extent of the throat diCiouity is generally in proportion to the gravity of the case; vomiting occurs in some cases. Iso :• ioth< r symptom"which occurs sometimes; and is unfavorable. The average rati -n of the a- .■ T f • : , , ; , hu-wii days, excepting in some grave cases, in which death occurs in two, three, or more days, while in others it may extend to several weeks. Paral- ysis occurs occasionally about the throat and mouth. Extensive paralysis affecting the limbs, etc., is very rare. Diphtheria is an epidemic disease. It is also evident that the exudation contains a contagium, ■ eases have followed the accidental introduction of the exudation from the throat of a diph theria patient into the nostrils or mouth. Treatment.—"We would advise in treating this disease, to employ a good physician, as we believe it to be unwise for any person not having had considerable experience in treating the sick in eases of this kind to take too many chances in a disease which proves fatal in so large a per cent of case s; but as it is always best for everyone to know as much as possible about the best treatment in cases of this kind, and as physicians cannot always he had when most needed, we give the treatment which is considered the most successful in the largest number of cases. For a gargle take chlorate of potassa one ounce, muriated tincture of iron one ounce, water seven ■mice's; mix, aiul shake well, and U36 as a gargle every hour, or oftener in bad cases, and rinse the teeth well after using it each time, so that it will not injure them. If there should not be any swallowed each time it is used, the patient should take about a tcaspoonful after gargling each time. This is an excellent gargle for any canker sore throat, and if used promptly and thor . uglily,it will cut short diphtheria in many cases. If improvement is not noticed in afew hours after the commencement of the use of the above gargle, it would be well to discontinue its use,. : rovulod the fact be fully established that the patient has diphtheria; and then if this be evident, ;Yy the sulphit which are supposed to have the effect to destroy the germs which exist in the throat. Give from twenty to thirty grains of the sulphite of sodium every two or three hours, ;or an adult; then give half way between these doses, large doses of whiskey or brandy, say one or two tablespoonfuls, or more if it can be borne well, with one or two grains of quinine with "iieh dose, and continue .1 until improvement takes place. The patient should bo nourished by giving beef-tea and milk, in quantities of one tablespconful of the former, and two or more of the latter, and repeat .every three or four hours; a greater or less quantity may be indicated in »omo cases, but usually more should be given if borne well on the stomach; but, if not, injec- ■ urns of three or four times the above quantity should be given every three hours to sustain the strength. The matter of nourishing the patient, as indicated above, is vary important in this disease, as veil as in any case where the strength is liable to fail rapidly, and at the same time the stomach docs not bear tbs food well. If vomiting occur, give ten-grain doses of bismuth to relieve this symptom. If diarrhe a occur, give one-lialf to one grain of powdered opium, and two or three grains of tannic acid. The inhalation of steam sometimes relieves the throat affection if it has extended into the larynx. * Various oth r remedies have been used with more or less benefit; among which are sulphur, Well baa been claimed by some to bo very good for this disease; also a peculiar case has been 1 to us which is as follows: Mr. Ameda Chartier, of West Farnliam, P.Q., Canada, in.onus us that a few monies ago ho had diphtheria and began to recover, when fife* some reason he had a relapse; he rapidly grew worse, until his physicians and his family gave up all hopes, aci mid lie must die; but as a relative to the patient had been using Kendall’s Spavin Cure with remarkable success, he informed the rest of the family that, as it was evident that he must die, and the physicians could do nothing more for him, lie wished to try the Spavin Cure for him, became it 1 ad far exceeded Lis expectations in every ease for which ho had used it, and lie had faith in it sufficient to prompt him in a triai, inasmuch as he must die if this did not cure him; mid, accordingly, be bathed the outside of the throat freely with the Spavin Cure, full strength, and then reduced ii half with water and used it as a gargle; after a short time he noticed slight Improvi men In and in two days the improvement was quite rapid, and lie soon recovered, to the astonishment of the doctors a3 well as every one who was acquainted with the facts. The above ease is remarkable, and we give the man’s name, so that anyone can write him in regard to the cure who may wish to do so. If this remedy should prove to be as beneficial in every cr. a as in the one we have related above, it would be of incalculable value to the people of this country. DISEASE OF THE HEART. — Of the various diseases of the heart, we shall only notice functional derangement of the heart, which is usually produced by excessive use of toba.-co, tea, fast living, or indigestion, and does not indicate that there is any organic disease, akhungh j t may closely simulate cases of ibis kind. The patient may have the following syrup, turns: irregular feeble pulse, palpitation, and fluttering about the heart; there maybe either a dull ache ■ cr the heart', or occasionally sharp pains. There is always great depression of spirits, wane complain of a sense of choking, or of the rising of a ball in the throat; and there may be occasional attacks of faintness, giddiness, headache, noises in the ears, etc. Functional disturbance of the heart maybe associated with the derangements due to ner- vous exhaustion, such ns mental anxiety, over-study, sexual excesses, etc.; or may be the result #1 dyspepsia. DROPSY OF THE BRAIN Treatment.—It is quite important in treating cases of this kind to ascertain first what the cause oi the derangement is, and then, if possible, remove the cause, and give tonics to restore vigor and natural action of the heart. In a large proportion of the cases treated by the author, it was ascertained that the cause was due to excessive use of tobacco, or tea, or both; and all were relieved in due time by leaving off the use of tobacco and tea, and by taking fifteen to twenty-five drops, usually twenty-five, of syrup of iodide ol iron, in a little water, fifteen minutes after each meal. If the patient is debilitated and nervous, with poor appetite, give half an hour before each meal, one or two grains of quinine, and give the syrup of iodide of iron after, as re- commended above. To relieve the pain in the heart, apply a little of Kendall’s Spavin Cure over the region of the pain two or three times a day. If constipation exists, give the Persian Pills noticed on page 96, and continue to use them when necessary, as well as to follow othei directions given under the treatment for constipation. DROPSY OP THE BRAIN.—This occurs in children, under a variety of circum- stances. In this disease the head attains a very great size. In some cases the bodily functions are impaired but little, if any. Some cases exist from birth, and generally the enlargement may be noticed before the child is many months of age. The child may take its food eagerly, but will not thrive, and the body either does not grow as it should, or may waste away. There is great peevishness and irritability, a great susceptibility to light and sound. There is usually constipation, with offensive stools; and occasionally headache, and sickness at the stomach, etc. In many cases the child becomes so weak that it is impossible to maintain the head in the erect position. Treatment.—The author has treated several cases, which made complete recoveries, by persevering with the following plan. For a child one year old, iodide of potassium one drachm, citrate of iron twenty grains, water eight ounces; mix and give one teaspoonful every six hours. For a child two years old, a half more should be given. This should be persevered with for many days, and for a few weeks; and after it has been given for several days, three- fourths of a teaspoon ful may be sufficient; but the smaller doses should be given for a long time. If the bowels are constipated, give powdered rhubarb and half the quantity of common soda, in sufficient quantity to produce one free evacuation; and if this should be neeessary, it can be repeated every two or three days if thought best. Give the patient good nourishing food, such as pure milk, and a little animal broth, etc. If the appetite be deficient, give one- eight to one-fourth grain of quinine before taking the nourishment. Pure air is quite import- ant, as well as the observance of all the laws of health. DYSENTERY.—Dysentery consists of an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the large intestines, and is characterized by mucous and bloody discharges, with a constant desire to go to stool with great straining, but many times without any discharge. Acute dysentery may be epidemic or not. There are griping pains in the bowels, usually quite severe before going to stool, and may be somewhat relieved by the discharges, which oc- cur often, and number in some cases thirty, forty, or even fifty or more, in twenty-four hours. The stools become fetid, dark-colored, and mixed with mucous, blood, and purulent matter. There is a more or less constitutional disturbance, with fever; the tongue is furred, pulse quick and small; the skin hot and dry; no appetite, great thirst, and great prostration. In the wprst cases the bowels become bloated and tender, the pulse weak, the tongue red, dry, and glazed, the evacuations are extremely offensive; hiccough comes on, with great exhaustion, followed by death. Treatment.—This should depend upon whether it be epidemic or not. Cases which are not epidemic tend to recovery in the majority of cases. If the bowels have not been relieved by the discharges of all the contents, which have a tendency to keep up the irritation and aggra- vate the inflammation, they should be moved thoroughly by giving a full dose of Epsom salts, or Rochelle salts, or castor oil. For doses, see table of doses. The cathartic selected should be given in sufficient doses to produce free evacuations of the bowels, and then it should be dis continued. In some cases the above treatment seems to be all that is needed, as the dysen teric discharges do not return, and recovery takes place at once. Butin cases where the dis- charges do return, repeat the cathartic after a few days. If the patient is quite feeble, use the castor oil; but if not, the salts are to be preferred. After the bowels have moved freely, opium in some form is the most reliable remedy for quieting the pain and checking the discharges, and should be given in full doses every four, six, or eight hours. For dose, see table of doses, with proportion for children. If it is thought best to repeat the dose oftener, on account of the frequency ot the discharges, they should be diminished in size, so as to not receive more in quantity than one full dose every four hours. The cathartic should be repeated in two or three days if the disease continues, unless the patient should be very feeble; and the opium should be resumed after the cathartic has operated. The principal reliance should be as we have advocated above; but there are various other remedies which do much good in many cases, such as subnitrate and subcarbonate of bismuth, gallic acid, tannic acid, kino, and several vegetable astringents ; but these are not to be relied on, only in those cases where opium has an unpleasant effect upon the patient. The dist, especially in the earlier part of the disease, should be the blandest articles of food, and in small quantities, DYSPEPSIA c 19 until improvement begins to take place, when the quantity may he gradually increased, and should he nourishing articles, such as milk and animal broths. If the strength fail, brandy should be given the same as in all diseases where the symptoms indicate it by loss of strength. Quinine is often indicated in convalescence. Epidemic dysentery is essentially the same disease as we have described and treated above, but is often very»fatal, although it differs greatly at different times and places in this respect. Different epidemics vary in many respects, and so the treatment at tunes requires to be changed, according to the peculiarities of the case; but, as a rule, the treatment given above should be relied on. In our early practice we were told by an old physician that many years ago he treated a large number of cases during an epidemic, and nearly every case proved fatal until he, by some means, happened to add a little calomel to the medicine given, and this patient, as well as all who took the calomel in this epidemic, recovered. The calomel, given in small doses, and repeated two or three times before giving the salts or castor oil, would be advisable in cases where the liver is deranged; but in the majority of cases this will not be necessary. The strength should be sup- ported as we indicated above. Quinine is a very important remedy in many of these cases to sustain the patient. Also proper nourishment is very important. Chronic dysentery requires different management in many respects. The subnitrate or sub- carbonate of bismuth, in doses of twenty to fifty grains for an adult, and repeated four or five times a day, is one of the best remedies. Tannic acid and gallic acid, as well as some other vegetable astringents, are of more or less benefit. The above named medicines work better in the chronic form than opium, although the opium may be indicated in some cases. The surface of the body should be well protected; the diet should be nourishing, and composed largely of such articles as eggs, milk, and in some cases animal food agrees well with the patient. Tonic medicines, such as quinine and some preparation of iron, should be given to support the strength. Out-of-door exercise is important, as well as mental recreation. Change of climate often proves effectual when all other measures fail. DYSPEPSIA. — This is a very common disease, and consists of a derangement of the organs of digestion. Symptoms. — A sense of uneasiness in the stomach, especially when empty, and many times pain after eating, particularly if a full meal has been taken. The appetite is deranged, usually deficient. Eructations of sour gas, and often a throwing-up of undigested food, sickness at the stomach; costiveness, alternating with diarrhoea; furred tongue, foul breath, palpitation of the heart, headache, dizziness, low spirits, tongue covered with a whitish fur in the morning, bad taste in the mouth, aud loss of flesh gradually occurs, with a pale sallow skin. Causes. — The most frequent causes are the use of improper food, or eating two large a quantity; or, in many cases, by eating too fast, and thus not taking sufficient time to chew the food sufficiently; the use of alcoholic liquors or tobacco, excessive exercise, or study. Treatment.—The most important part of the treatment is to remove the cause, by regulating the diet and correcting any other errors existing, such as we have alluded to above. The diet should consist usually of stale bread, mealy, well-cooked potatoes, with a small amount of good fresh beef or mutton, milk, etc. It is very important that the cooking be properly and well done. Tea and coffee should not be drank; but water is to be preferred. Five or six hours should intervene between each meal. Balt baths are useful. Proper exercise should be taken in the open air. The medicines required are not of so much importance as to regulate the diet, and to attend to other matters mentioned above. If there is a morbid sensibility of the stomach, use counter-irritation by applying mustard pastes, small blisters, or croton oil. If the patient be pale, ten to fifteen drops of muriated tincture of iron in a little water may be taken three times a day, after eating, rinsing the teeth each time, as it makes them rough if this is neglected; or, in place of the above, take two or three grains of citrate of iron and quinine. If constipation exists, take the Persian pills at bed-time, to move tbe bowels gently. (See page 96.) Sulphate of quinine, given in doses of one or two grains, and repeated two or three times a day for several weeks, acts admirably many times. In some cases five to ten grains of pepsin, given after each meal, does good. If water-brash be present (that is, a copious eructation of a watery fluid, accompanied with pain in the stomach), take from twenty to thirty grains of bismuth. If there be a collection of gas in the stomach and bowels, take a few grains of powdered charcoal. Rennet-wine is an excellent substitute for pepsin, and may be made as follows : Take a fresh rennet and cut up into small pieces, and put into a pint of sherry wine; then allow it to stand for two weeks, shaking it occasionally, and strain, when it will be ready for use; dose, one-half to one teaspoonful, taken shortly after each meal. An important part of the treatment is to use the Persian pills mentioned above, judiciously, whenever there is any constipation, to regulate the bowels and bring about a natural and healthy action of the liver, stomach, and bowels. EPILEPSY (called by some Falling Sickness). — The leading symptoms of this disease are: sudden loss of consciousness, with spasms of the muscles, followed by exhaustion and drowsi- ness. After a certain length of time has passed the attack returns. Epilepsy usually arises from excessive nervous irritation, induced by disturbance of the stomach and bowels from the presence of worms, indigestible food, etc.; or, it may arise occasionally from a hereditary predisposition, sexual excesses, uterine irritation, or from other causes inducing excessive nervous irritability. Patients afflicted with this disease are usually troubled more or less with dyspepsia, constipation, great nervousness and depression, sleeplessness, leucorrhcea in women, etc. 20 ERYSIPELAS- Symptoms. — About five to ten per cent of the cases have some warning for a short time before the fit comes on; but in most cases the fit comes on suddenly, the patient screams loud, and at once falls to the ground senseless, with convulsions. The eyes are partly open, the eye- balls I'olling, a gnashing of the teeth, foaming at the mouth, the tongue usually thrust out, and many times badly bitten; the skin usually cold and clammy, the breathing laborious, etc. The fit usually lasts from a few minutes to half an hour, but in some cases it continues for a longer time. One case which the author saw the day following a fit, was, as reported by the family, an extraordinary case; the fit continued nineteen hours from the commencement before it completely subsided; after this the patient was insensible, and apparently in a sound sleep for several hours, when he recovered gradually, but was much exhausted and somewhat delirious for a time.. He was placed under treatment, and when last seen by me had not had a fit for several months, and had every indication of recovering completely if the directions were followed out. Treatment. — During the fit the patient should he placed on a large bed, to prevent his being injured by the violent muscular exertions. Remove anything about the clothing which is too tight, especially the neckcloths, stays, etc. A piece of soft wood or a roll of linen should be introduced between the teeth, to prevent any injury to the tongue by biting. Cold applications to the head are recommended by some during the fit, especially if the face he red and congested. To effect a cure the following directions should be carried out in the interval between the fits: Much care is required to avoid any excesses which may have a tendency to aggravate the disease. If the patient is liable to overload the stomach, see that this is avoided; if pale and weak, give a good nourishing diet, but be careful that too large a meal is not taken at any time to overload the stomach. If constipated, give from one to four of the Persian pills (described on p. 96), accord- ing to the age, or sufficient to produce one free evacuation of the bowels. Overtasking the mind or body in any way, the immoderate use of tobacco or alcoholic stimulants, excessive venery or other self-abuse, or, in fact, anything which is in direct contradiction to the laws of health, should he strictly avoided. We wish to impress upon the minds of our readers the great importance of perseverance in strictly observing all the laws of health, and in continuing the treatment we recommend, for years, if it is evident that this is necessary. Pay strict attention to the organs of digestion, and to the nourishment taken, that *it he sufficient to nourish the body well; but he particular not to have an over-amount at any one time; also, he regular in eating, always having live or six hours between each meal, and never eat just before retiring for the night. The remedy most to he relied on is the bromide of potassium, and should be given, to an adult, in doses of twenty grains, two or three times a day, and, if necessary, increased to thirty or even forty grains for a short time, when it may he left off for a few days, and then resumed in doses of twenty grains. For younger persons the dose should be proportionally smaller. The quantity may have to he varied more or less, according to how well it is tolerated, which will he ascertained after using it for a short time. Of course, if any disagreeable effect is noticed from the medicine, it should be discontinued for a few days, and then resumed in smaller doses and gradually increased, if this should be necessary to check the fits; and after it is ascertained what quantity is required to control the convulsions, if well tolerated, it should he continued for one, two, or more years, except at intervals of a few days. Cases are reported where two drachms were taken each day, and continued for two or more years; hut usually one drachm (60 grains) is sufficient to take each day. It is well to give the largest dose taken during the day at bed-time, especially if the patient is unable to sleep well at night. Be particular to keep the bowels regular by a proper use of the Persian pills described on page 96, whenever constipated. ERYSIPELAS (St. Anthony’s Fire).—This is a redness or inflammation of some part of the skin, and frequently subcutaneous tissues, with fever. It is caused by a peculiar poison, and is not contagious. The affected part becomes of a deep red color, painful, hot, and swollen, with a tendency for the inflammation to spread. The integuments of the face and head arc most frequently affected with erysipelas; hut no part of the surface is exempt from an attack. Erysipelas which follows wounds commences around the surface injured. In some cases redness and swelling is noticed on one side of the nose, which spreads over the rest of the face; the eyes become closed by the swelling, which extends to the lips, cheeks, and in fact extends over the whole or a part of the face and head, until all traces of the natural features are lost. By pressing the end of the finger down upon the inflamed surface for a moment, and then removing it quickly, it will leave the skin white where the pressure was, but the blood will quickly return to the surface, when it will look red as before the pressure. Treatment. — The patient should he confined to the bed, and the room should be well venti- lated. The diet should be light. Never apply cold to the inflamed surface, especially when about the head. If the bowels are constipated, give a dose of the Persian pills described on page 96, to produce free evacuation. After the bowels have been moved by the cathartic, give for an adult twenty to thirty drops of the muriated tincture of iron, in a little water, and repeat every one to four hours, according to the severity of the case. The tincture of iron should be sucked through a straw or quill, to prevent its getting on the teeth, and the teeth should he rinsed if any gets on them, or it will make them rough. The inflamed surface should he surrounded by painting it with tincture of iodine, and pains should be taken to extend it on to the sound skin which is not affected; this will usually check the extension of the inflammation. After the inflammation and fever have sub- sided, the iron may he left off, and give in its stead six grains of iodide of potassium after each meal, and two grains of quinine half an hour before each meal. For children or delicate females give a proportionately smaller dose. FELON 21 FEION. —This is usually a very painful affection, and consists of an inflammation seated either in the cellular tissue, the sheath of a tendon, or between the periosteum and hone. It is usually located on the thumb, fingers, or hand, and occasionally on the toes. The first symptoms are slight swelling, and a pricking sensation, with a deep throbbing. In some cases the bones and ligaments are seriously affected, leaving a stiff joint, etc. Treatment. — The best treatment known to us, is to saturate a small piece of cotton with Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and place it directly over the affected part; then place a small strip of cloth outside of this to hold it next to the skin. The cotton should be wet with the medicine often, and kept applied constantly until the affection disappears. FEVERS. — It will be impossible for us, in the short space we have, to notice fully every variety of fever; but we will endeavor to give as much information as possible in the space allotted us for this purpose. As a rule, fevers should he treated by a competent physician; but we shall endeavor to give some light upon the subject in a general way, which will enable our readers to give valuable aid to the physicians while earing for their sick friends. Fever may be defined as follows: unnatural heat of body, following, in most cases, a preliminary stage of languor, poor appetite, and chilliness, pulse quickened, debility, and the functions of the body disturbed; but many diseases or derangements are attended with a fever which is only symptomatic; this makes it quite important to inquire into the true cause which produced the fever, so as to ascertain whether it is an essential tever or only a symptom which occurs as the result of some other disease or derangement. Symptomatic fever is that unnatural heat of body which follows, and is the result of some injury, or as the result of some fault or disease which brings on, sooner or later, inflammation; and the fever which occurs is secondary to the local affection, and is only a symptom which occurs as the result of the latter; whereas an essential fever is primary, and if local affections co-exist, they are secondary. Essential fevers usually come on gradually; that is, there is a forming stage, and the inva- sion is not abrupt; but different fevers differ as regards the time in which the fever is developed; and they also differ as regards their cause, each requiring a particular causative agent which produces that fever and none other. The germ theory will, no doubt, in some future time, afford a clear and correct idea of the causative agent of all the essential fevers; but it is not at present thoroughly understood. Fevers may be classified as follows : —• First: A form of fever which is mild and short in its duration is called simple fever. Second: Certain fevers have a continuous febrile phenomena, such as typhus and typhoid fevers; these are called continued fevers. Third: Unlike the pre- ceding class, certain fevers are distinguished by distinct paroxysms, and are known as periodical fevers; this class embraces intermittent and remittent fevers; also yellow fever and typho-malarial fevers are generally considered as belonging to this class. Fourth: Certain fevers are character- ized by an eruption on the surface of the body, and are called eruptive fevers. Among this class are small-pox, scarlet fever, measles, and roseola. Simple Fever.—This form of fever occurs quite often, and in all parts of the land. It lasts but a single day in some cases, but more often continues from three to ten days. This fever usually comes on abruptly; but, in some of the cases, weariness, loss of appetite, and general discomfort exists for two or three days, and then the fever is developed. The patient may be chilly when attacked, but it is seldom that a regular chill occurs. In some cases the fever seems to be more intense at the commencement than it does in typhoid fever. Pain is usually complained of in the front part of the head, in the loins, and limbs. The appetite is deficient. The bowels are generally constipated, and the urine is high colored and scanty. It is quite difficult to distinguish this fever from typhoid fever, especially for any one but a physician; and it is very difficult many times even for physicians to do this. With proper care this form of fever rarely proves fatal. Treatment.—If constipated, give a dose of the Persian pills described on page 96, to move the bowels; then give for an adidt ten grains of nitrate of potash (saltpetre) every six hours, with sufficient cold water to satisfy the demands of the patient. Give Dover’s powder, if required to relieve pain, or to cause sleep, ten grains for an adult, or a proportional dose for children. Observe the laws of health, and exercise good common sense in taking care of the sick. EROST-BITE. — This is a state of numbness or torpefaction of a part of the body, caused by intense cold, which, if not relieved by proper treatment, is followed by the death of the part. Treatment. — If the foot, hand, or any part of the body be frozen, care should be taken to produce moderate reaction by rubbing the frozen part gently with snow, or in the absence of the snow use very cold water, which will extract the frost gradually. Do not apply anything warm, as this would bring about too sudden reaction; nor is it advisable to take the patient into a warm room too suddenly. After reaction has been established, apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure two or three times a day, to the frozen part, which has restored the part perfectly in every case we ever knew it to be tried for; and we do not hesitate to pronounce it to be the best remedy we know of for all frost-bites. GARE-STONES. — These vary in size from that of a pin’s head to that of a hen’s egg, and are usually formed in the gall-bladder; but they have been found in the biliary passages. They exist in some cases in great numbers, while in others they are not as numerous; cases have been reported where 2000 or more have been found after death. They are usually of a brown, yellow, or a greenish color; but sometimes they are white. 'While they remain within the gall-bladder GOITRE. they may cause no particular inconvenience; but if they accumulate in size or number, they may cause trouble by distending the gall-bladder, which might cause ulceration and perforation. If forcible pressure or percussion be made over the gall-bladder when distended with gall-stones, it will sometimes give rise to a noise like that produced by marbles in a bag when shaken. But, as a rule, their existence is not suspected until they pass from the gall-bladder to the intestines, which causes severe cutting pain over the region of the liver, and is a continuous severe pain, and stops abruptly the moment the gall-stone reaches the intestines. The time occupied in the passage is in proportion to the size of the gall-stone; it may be for a few moments only, or for many hours. Vomiting speedily occurs in many cases, and may be repeated frequently while the pain lasts. Generally there is more or less tenderness over the seat of the pain, but in some cases pressure affords relief. The pulse sometimes becomes much slower than natural, but as a rule it is not faster than in health. If the stools are carefully examined after the passage of a gall-stone, one or more may be found; but should they pass back into the gall-bladder, as some- times is the case, of course none will be found. When one attack has been experienced, they may be expected to return again sooner or later, varying from a few days to months or years. Occasionally several attacks will occur in frequent succession, either in the same day or for several successive days. They are more apt to form in middle or advanced life, although they may form at any age. They are also more apt to form in females than males. Treatment. —Morphine (or laudanum) should be given during the passage of a gall-stone, to quiet the intense pain, usually one-sixth to one-fourth grain; also warm hop bags or other hot fomentations should be applied over the seat of the pain. If it is decided to use the hops, place a quantity in a small bag sufficiently large to cover the space desired; then put into a pan or hot water, which should be kept hot, and the bag should be wrung out as hot as can be borne and placed over the pain. Two bags should be made, so that one can be placed in the hot water while the other remains on the patient, and they should be changed sufficiently often, so as not to get the least cold. The above treatment is of use only to mitigate the severe pain while the gall- stone is passing; but to remove them vdthout pain the author has had excellent success with the following: one pint or more of olive oil, given every day for several days. Several cases treated by us in this way afforded permanent relief. The olive oil, taken at short intervals in quantities of four to six tablespoonfuls, until the above named quantity was taken, produced free evacua- tion of the bowels, and on close examination of all the discharges, a large number of gall-stones were found which had passed without pain. If possible, get the pure olive oil for this purpose. Any person who has a sallow complexion, or is afflicted with any derangement of the liver, should take the Persian pills described on page 96, to keep the bowels regular and to keep up a healthy action of the liver and bowels; and in this way thousands of lives might be saved, and many who go about half dead might enjoy good health. See treatment of Constipation. No pills yet discovered, to our knowledge, equals these for all such cases. GOITRE. Also called Bronchocele, Big Neck, or Swelled Neele. — This affection is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, which lies over and on each side of the windpipe, as shown in the engraving. It may be soft or firm, or quite hard. It affects women only, and is not considered dangerous, but is often very troublesome and unsightly. The swelling is unaccompanied by pain, and as a rule causes but little inconvenience beyond the deformity which it produces. Treatment. — Give internally, for an adult, the following: Iodide of potassium five grains after each meal, that is, get at a drug store one-half ounce of the iodide of potassium and put into six ounces of water, and take one teaspoonful at a dose. If the patient be pale, weak, or has a poor appetite, get, besides the above, one drachm of citrate of iron and quinine and put into four ounces of water, and take one teaspoonful half an hour before each meal, and the potassium after. Then the treatment which does most to remove the enlargement, is to apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure twice a day; this, as well as the remedies given internally, has never failed to our knowledge, when persevered with for several weeks; but as they work slow, we caution our patrons about stopping the treatment too soon, for we think it will always cure if followed a sufficient length of time. No treatment will cure it in a short time. If the bowels are constipated, be sure to get the Persian pills described on page 96, and take them as directed in the treatment of Constipation, for this is very important in treating nearly every disease where constipation exists; and we know of no pill which is as bene- ficial as these pills are for this purpose in any disease. HOOPING-COUGH. —This is a contagious disease, and occurs but once in the same individual. There is slight fever, with symptoms of a cold; the cough is peculiar, and occurs at uncertain intervals. Its duration varies from two to four weeks, and in some cases a considerably longer period. . Treatment.—In mild cases but little treatment is necessary, except to take good care of the patient, dress in flannels, keep indoors, etc. For cases which need medicine of any kind, the following usually works well; Take wine of ipecac one drachm, carbonate of ammonia one scruple, tincture of senega three drachms, syrup of squills two drachms, water five ounces; mix. Dose one or two teaspoonfuls every two or three hours. The following is considered by many as very valuable : Carbonate of potassa two scruples, cochineal powdered one scruple, white sugar two drachms, water eight ounces; mix. Dose for a HYDROPHOBIA. 23 child one year old two teaspoonfuls three times a day; two years old three teaspoonfuls; and four years old one tablespoonful. HYDROPHOBIA. — This is quite rare; hut when it does occur only a few of the cases recover. Treatment. — This should he prophylactic; that is, an effort should he made to prevent it when a person has been bitten by a rabid animal. The wounded part should be cut out as soon as possible after the bite, taking care to remove every part touched by the animal’s teeth, so as to leave a clean raw surface, and the sooner this is done the better; but it should be done, even if a day or more has passed. The wound should be thoroughly washed by pouring a stream of water over it for some time; and then some recommend applying nitrate of silver over the surface, and then treat the wound the same as any similar wound. After this disease.is developed, remedies have but little curative power in stopping it; but it would be well to try sulphite of soda in doses of forty grains and repeated every four hours, which may do good, if any remedy will. INFEUENZA. — This is an epidemic affection, and arises from some peculiar condition or contamination of the atmosphere. This poisonous influence spreads rapidly over the country, and affects a large number of children at the same time. It rarely stays in one section for more than six or eight weeks. Some seasons the disease is very fatal; but usually, if not complicated with other diseases, it runs a favorable course, terminating in recovery in from three to eight days. Symptoms. — Among the symptoms of this disease are headache, heat of the skin, sneezing, running at the nose, throat more or less sore, hoarseness and troublesome cough, rapid breathing, and disordered stomach. In many cases- there are also signs of prostration. The fever occurs suddenly. The danger is increased in an occasional case by the setting in of other diseases, such as lung fever or acute bronchitis, etc. This disease occurs mostly amongst children, but persons of all ages are attacked. Persons of more than forty years of age, and weakly persons, are those with whom it is most likely to prove fatal. This disease sometimes spreads so. rapidly as to extend over many different countries, even if they are widely separated, in a very short time. The disease usually ends in free perspiration or diarrhoea. This is a peculiar species of fever, and not, as many suppose, a local affection of the lungs. While influenza prevails, other diseases are more apt to be severe. Influenza resembles a common cold, but is much more severe, and the patient is more prostrated. Treatment.—In mild cases no drugs are particularly indicated; but care should be taken to keep the patient in bed, in a well ventilated room, but kept warm at about 75° Fah. Be careful not to allow any unnecessary exposure to cold. In the more severe cases apply a mustard paste to the lungs, if the cough is troublesome, and give some remedy which will be an expectorant and diaphoretic; that is, something to loosen the cough and produce slight sweating; for this give hive syrup or some good cough medicine. See receipts. If the urine is deficient and high colored, give small doses of sweet spirits of nitre. For dose, see table of doses with proportion for children. If constipation be present, give castor oil or the Persian pills (see page 96). If there is great prostration, give quinine, brandy, or whiskey, especially if the patient be old. Milk is one of the best articles for nourishment, and in very weak cases give beef-tea also. In most cases good care is the most important part of the management. JAUNDICE. — This is a symptom, or the effect of a disease, characterized by a yellowish tinge of the skin and eyes, depending on the presence of bile in the blood. It is caused by diseases of the liver, obstruction to the free passage of bile into the intestines, etc. Symptoms. — The most prominent symptoms are a yellow tinge of the skin and eyes; the bowels constipated, the urine is of a dark color or of a saffron tint, the tongue is coated with a yellow fur, pain, in some cases, over the liver, headache, etc. Treatment.—If the jaundice is caused by a gall-stone obstructing the passage of bile, treat as we have recommended under the heading for Gall-Stone. If constipation exists, give the Persian pills described on page 96, to move the bowels freely, and continue their use by giving one or two every night, or every other night for several days, or until recovery has taken place; but usually it is best to take the largest dose on the first night, and then one every other night for several days. If the bowels are not constipated, take one of the above pills every other night for several days. The diet should be such as will be easily digested, avoiding fatty articles of food. A blister, mustard paste, or the application of Kendall’s Spavin Cure over the liver, affords benefit in many cases. If there is considerable pain, one-eighth grain of morphine or two grains of extract of conium, may be given with benefit; many physicians prefer the latter. If the appetite and digestion are poor, give one teaspoonful of the tincture of quassia, or compound tincture of gentian in a little water, half an hour before each meal. EAMENESS. — This may occur from a great variety of causes, and as those kinds of lameness which occur most frequently are treated in their proper places, we will only mention here that not only those which we treat in this volume, but every kind of lameness for which we have tried Kendall’s Spavin Cure, has been relieved at once; and we sincerely believe that no- remedy has ever been discovered which works so admirably, especially for the very worst cases, which yield to this remedy when all others fail. As we have recently refined Kendall’s Spavin Cure expressly for human flesh, wre refer our readers to the article on page 43 on “ Refining Oux Medicine.” LAME BACK LAME BACK.—This istieually caused by a strain and taking cold soon after, er may be from various causes, such as some difficulty of the spine, kidney*, cb-. \\ b ui any exii'niai remedy alone will afford relief, we believe that Kendall’s Spavin Cure is the very best; but in some cases, especially if the kidneys are affected; internal remedies will be required also to restore them to their normal condition. We have known of cases of this difficulty which had existed for years, and where the patient had tried everything which could be found, that was highly recommended, and had been treated by physicians and pronounced incurable, and after all other remedies had failed were cured with Kendall’s Spavin Cure, by applying it over the location of the pain, and by continuing it for several weeks, or until after it had produced consid- erable irritation. From our past experience, we can conscientiously recommend the Cure as being the best remedy known to us for this purpose. LAME JOINTS. —This may occur from various causes, such as rheumatism, sprains, cu. For treatment, see Lameness, Sprains, and Rheumatism. LIVER COMPLAINTS.—It would he impossible for us to notice here, fully, all l’m diseases and derangements of the liver, as the short space allotted for this purpose will hoi admit of it; but we will endeavor to give all the information here that tiie unprofessional can put to practical use. Deranged secretion of tlie liver is of frequent occurrence. It may he excessive, or deficient. or unhealthy. If the secretion is excessive, there will be copious stools of a bilious character; but, if it is deficient, they will he clay-colored and usually small; or, if unhealthy and deranged, they will he black or very green. Most of the cases of this sort improve rapidly by giving the Persian pills noticed on page 96, in sufficient doses to produce free evacuation of the’bowcls, and then by continuing to give one every other night at bed-time for several days, to bring about a healthy condition of the liver. Congestion of tlie liver occurs frequently, and often causes enlargement of the liver. There is a sense of oppression, lowness of spirits, furred tongue, nausea, and loss of appetite; impaired digestion, a hitter taste in the mouth, pain in the head, a sallow complexion, a sense of weight and sometimes pain over the region of the liver, are symptoms attributed to congestion of the liver. Oases of this kind are often afforded greater relief by visiting Saratoga Springs for two to four weeks than by any drugs that might be given. If tlie above plan is adopted, the llatliorn or Empire water should he taken, about half an hour before breakfast, in quantities of tv o to four glasses, or sufficient to move the bowels freely; or use the Persian pills as above. Acute inflammation of the liver may affect either the substance of the liver or the membrane investing it, or one or all the lobes. The symptoms are: sharp pain in tlie right side, or some- times it is a dull pain in the right side and shoulder, or between the shoulder-blades, yellowish or pale complexion, loss of appetite, depression of spirits, constipation, a sense or uneasiness at the stomach, nausea, vomiting, short dry cough; the urine high colored, and deposits a reddish sedi- ment after standing a while. This rarely occurs, excepting in tropical climates. The treatment should be, to give the Persian lulls described on page 96, and continue to give one every other night, or more if necessary, in order to keep the bowels sufficiently loose; or, some would give one-half grain of calomel every two hours, until five to eight doses had been given, then give a full dose of Epsom salts, say one large tablespoonful, the next morning after tlie calomel has all been given as above. After this, give remedies to keep up a flight perspiration; one-fourtli to one-half grain of ipecac will do very well for this purpose, repeated every three or four hours. If the inflammation should go on to suppuration, it will be indicated by a chill; and in this ease the patient should be supported by good nourishing food and tonics, such as two to four grains of citrate of iron and quinine, repeated every four to six hours. If there is considerable pain and restlessness, give one grain of opium, if the bowels should again become constipated, give the Persian pills aB above, in doses to act gently upon the bowels. Chronic inflammation of the liver is of long standing, and is denoted by more or less pain and tenderness, or fulness, with a sense of weight in the right side; with depression of spirits, emaciation, and sallowness of the skin. It may he due to long residence in an unhealthy climate, disease of the heart, intemperance, or in consequence of acute inflammation. In some'cases the liver increases greatly in size, and may he felt low in the abdomen; but in some cases it will he shrunken in size. In addition to the above symptoms, there may he in some cases pain in t be stomach, with flatulency; the tongue coated, indigestion, the white of the eyes and someth' ■ ■ the skin is of a yellow color; stools clay-colored, and the patient gradually becomes emaciated. In the treatment of this form of liver complaint .much can be done to afford’ relief by avoiding any errors in regard to living too freely; or, in other words, have a plain nourishing diet, and avoid eating too much at any one meal; also avoid all spirituous liquors. Use the Persian pills mentioned on page 96, to keep the bowels regular, and to produce a healthy and natural action of the liver and bowels. No remedy is yet discovered, to our knowledge, which works so well as these Persian pills for all liver complaints, or any chronic disease where tlie bowels are constipated. Stele-headache is usually caused by an improper diet, such as eating rich food, melted butter, rich pastry, rich gravies, fat bacon, and many other articles which contain too much i rcu, <■; or any indigestible food which is taken in large quantities by a person who already has a tendency to biliary disorders; or it may he caused by indulging too freely in spirituous liquors. To avoid the above unpleasant difficulty, be careful not to indulge too freely in the particular articles which cause it. Deficient exercise may also be an exciting cause in some eases. Persons who are liable to biliary disorders, on account of derangement of the liver, should he particular in to i sUoum always avoid taking spirituous liquors, tea, or coffee; they f;;.:, i i < civ:..- in the open air, keep the skin cleau by bathing often, and the diet shpul-l i.. pi;-:.. i'.i ;!',■> regular by a proper u«. of the Persian pills, described on page 0(3, as We prefer these to any otiie# physio known, such as calomel, etc.; We have recoin- „ ■ lstanyes, and \ • ure woil aware that many will criticize ..■■■)' by many old physicians a few , yeais in :, much mi.-vbiel' vx-.s :■ : -■;ry plilone-fourth grain each, can be taken, one at In ■ I-;: > i ■ . • • r.i.. . , i .:y.. .-.peeiaily for all liver derange , vegetable remedies &r liver disorders; for doses, see table of 9t ills are composed of the best vegetable extracts known to tile medical profession, tnub are Jhe best pills known, and they are free from calomel or any other mineral. LUMBAGO. — This is a species of rheumatism, affecting the muscles about the loins. Fox treatment, see Rheumatism. MEASLES.—This is a contagious eruptive fever. The symptoms resemble those of an ordinary fever, v hb tie- addiiion of the full',wing: running of the nose, sneezing, hoarseness and cough, soreness of the throat and lungs, followed by swelling of the eyelids, with eyes watery, and Intolerant of light, great In at of skin, with a frequent hard pulse, headache, bleeding at the rose, sickness at the stomach, etc. The eruption usually appears on the fourth day, and occa sionally.later; it appears first on the forehead and face, and gradually extends down over the body. * The rash consists of small, red, circular dots, resembling flea-bites, and gradually run into small blotches, which begin to fade on the seventh day, and is followed by a peeling off of the cuticle iu small scales and attended with great itching. Kb age is exempt from an attack of the disease. Complications are liable to occur which renders the disease more liable to prove fata- than when it runs its natural course. Treatment.—Groat care should be taken not to allow any exposure to cold. Inordinary cases the treatment G ould not he too active; but the patient should be confined to bed in a room kept at about 7-:°. jf oonstipmion >. xists, give gentle cathartics, of which rhubarb is best in most cases. Milk diet i> perhaps the best nourishment. If the cough is severe, apply mustard pastes to the chest, and give the ji Uov. iug: paregoric one ounce, wine of ipecac one-fourth ounce, com- pound syrup of squills one-fourth ounce; mix. Dose for an adult one teaspoonful, and children in proportion to age. Secure good, pure air in the sick room;by proper ventilation. To protect the eyes darken the room moderately. Ray strict attention to the laws of health after recovery, to avoid any difficulty from scrofula or consumption, which sometimes occur after this disease Have the clothing warm and do not go out of doors too early. Caution. —lie particular not to allow the patient to he exposed to the cold from the time the first indications of the appearance of the disease until some time after the patient is entirely over the disease.- Do not give active cathartics, and do not give even mild cathartics, only when con stipation exists; then give either rhubarb or small doses of the Persian pills noticed on page 90. MUMPS.—This is an inflammatory affection of the parotid glands. It is contagious, and occurs hut once in the same patient. The first symptoms are a slight fever, with swelling and soreness in one or both glands, located below the ear and angle of the lower jaw, and extending along the neck to the chin. After four days the disease begins to decline. In ordinary cases no treat-m -nt is nect ssary; hut in all cases the patient should be careful to avoid exposure to ce’ 1. la t, ihe diet he mostly of milk. A pply a llannei to the throat, and keep the patient in-doors in a moderately warm room. NEURALGIA, — This is every painful affection, which may come on abruptly, without any symptoms precedi eg it; or there in;, c he preceding the attack a feeling of weight, a souse of heat, or some uncomfortable sensation in the seat of the affection. The pain is usually either in the trunk or branch of a nerve, and is mnili more severe at some times than at others. If the pain is continuous, it may be dull; but when*it comes on more severe, it is liable to be of a dart- ing, tearing, and tuning, or excruciating character. At times, when the severe paroxysms occur, the severe pain may subside in a few seconds or minutes, or it may continue for several hours or days. The pain usually extends along the branch or trunk of a nerve. In most cases neuralgia is only on’one side. This disease bas.no fixed duration, and may, in some cases, end cither under the influence of treatment, or. otherwise, in a few hours or days, or it may continue for years. Neuralgic pains may proceed from a 1 don of pome sort extending to the nerve, or from pressure of the nerve, or it may proceed in some cases from malaria, and when this is the case the pains usually recur with the same regularity as the lit of ague, although this is not always the case. Many who-are affected with neuralgia are also affected with anemia, which seems to be a predisposing cause. It occurs most frequently between the ages- of twenty and fifty, and oftencr in the cold than in the warm seasons of tho„ye-ar. *■ The situation ot the pain is not ah a.y.--a sure indication of the location of th.; lesion giving rise to it, as the pain is frequently felt along the branch of a nerve, while the lesion giving rise to it may be at the trunk of the u ..." \ lave it, unites with the spinal cord. This is the reason why persons who have had linff amputated frequently have pain or other sensations which they refer to the part which has been a mputated. PAIN IN TH® BACKo Neuralgia is most likely to be confounded with rheumatism; the chief distinction between these diseases is, that in neuralgia the pain follows the course of a nerve or its branches, while in rheumatism it is usually in the joints. Treatment. — In the treatment it should first be ascertained just where the location of the lesion is, which gives rise to the pain, by pressing with the end pf the finger along the course of the nerve, and then apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure, either the refined for human flesh, or the unre fined, whichever is most convenient. If the pain is intense, twenty-five drops of tincture of opium may be given to an adult, in a little water, to assist in quieting the pain. If the cause is suspected to be malaria, give the Persian pills (see page 96), to clear the bowels, and then give four grains of sulphate of quinine every four hours, until four or five doses have been given; then give half as large doses less frequently, until six or eight doses have been given. If the patient is pale and weak, give two-grain doses of citrate of iron and quinine, half an hour before each meal, instead of the smaller doses of quinine recommended above, and give a good nourishing diet. Flannel should be worn next to the skin, and the other clothing should be warm and comfortable. In sciatica, chamois-skin drawers should be worn instead of flannel, and bathe the part over the location of the pain, which is usually just back and a little below the hip-joint, with the Kendall’s Spavin Curs, and rub it with the hand until it strikes in. This is the very best local application known to us, and is attended with the very best results when the above directions are followed. If the case should be associated with rheumatism, give in addition to the above, six grains of iodide of potassium after each meal, three times a day; but if the attacks come on periodically, like ague, give the quinine as recommended above, and use the Persian pills to keep the bowels regular, and to bring about a natural and healthy action of the system. See page 96. PAIN IN THE BACK. — This is a symptom of an affection of the spine, kidneys, mus cles of the back, etc., and should be treated as directed, in another part of this book, for special cases which do not yield to local treatment. The best local treatment we have ever seen tried for this symptom is to bathe the back well with Kendall’s Spavin Cure two or three times a day. Also use the Persian pills, noticed on page 96, to regulate the system. PAIN. — Pain in any part of the body is; of itself, not always a sure guide in deciding as to what causes this symptom; and yet to many this is the only symptom which they recognize; and to assist any patient who is afflicted with pain, either deep-seated or not, who wish for a safe remedy which will help them and relieve the pain, we would say that we have used Kendall’s Spavin Cure for almost every conceivable pain, and we know of no remedy which is so well adapted to every case of this kind as this remedy, and we feel certain it will give entire satisfaction when applied externally over the seat of pain. QUINSY. — This is an inflammation of the throat, and is accom- panied by fever, pain, and considerable swelling of the tonsils, which is, in some cases, so much as to cause the liquid to return through the nostrils on attempting to swallow. The tongue is heavily coated. The patient swallows with difflculty. Usually the inflammation runs a certain course and terminates favorably in a few days, but leaving the tonsils enlarged. In severe cases, especially if prolonged, it is liable to lead to suppuration in one or both of the glands. The pain is usually very severe until the abscess bursts or is opened. It is caused generally by cold, and is more liable to occur to those who have suffered with previous attacks. It is not contagious. Treatment. — Keep the patient in a warm, well-ventilated room, and apply hot fomentations. Give the Persian pills mentioned on page 96, to move the bowels freely, and repeat the dose, if necessary, on the second or third day. Apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure to the throat two or three times a day. Give the following fifteen minutes after nourishment each time: Take iodide of potassium one-fourth ounce, water eight ounces; mix, and give half to one tablespoonful for a dose, with smaller doses for young persons. Also give a powder of one or two grains of quinine twenty-five minutes before each meal. If the tonsils remain permanently enlarged, apply the Spavin Cure, and give the potassium and quinine as recommended above, for some time. KHEIJMATISM. — This is a very common disease, and one of the most painful and severe diseases of this country. It arises from an abnormal condition of the blood which pro- duces a most painful and distressing disease, especially in the acute form. The parts most frequently affected are the joints and surrounding structures. Acute Rheumatism, or Rheumatic Fever, called by some Inflammatory Rheumatism, is one of the most painful diseases which the human family is afflicted with. Symptoms. — Intense fever and restlessness, aching pain in the limbs, stiffness of the joints, which soon become swollen and tender, especially the large joints. The pain becomes so intense that the patient cannot or dare not move, and is a pitable and helpless spectacle. The pulse is quick and full; secretions are acid; tongue moist, but thickly furred. The pain suddenly leaves one joint and attacks another, and is liable to shift frequently, and sometimes shifts to the mem toranes of the heart, which is a very serious change. It rarely aeews to the very yowag or Cause.— The most frequent cause is exposure to cold and damp after perspiring freely, especially if the person has previously had an attack of rheumatism. Caution.— No person, whether they have ever had an attack of this disease or not, should sit down or remain quiet in a draft of air after getting their blood well heated up and while you are perspiring; but you should always put on more clothing while you are cooling off, and keep out of the wind. If you cannot do this, do not remain still, hut keep moving so as to cool off gradually. Treatment. — Relieve the severe pain by giving, for a grown person, twenty-five drops of tincture of opium; then give from one to two drachms of bicarbonate of potassa or bicarbonate of soda every three or four hours; but if the above cannot be obtained easily, give the same amount, which would be about half a teaspoonful, of saleratus in its stead, which, if pure, will answer perhaps as well. After the secretions are rendered alkaline, which will usually be the result after giving the saleratus for twenty-four hours, the dose should be reduced in size and only repeated once or twice in the twenty-four hours. Usually a good plan is, after two or three doses of the saleratus has been given, to give fifteen or twenty grains of saltpetre (nitrate of potassa), in place of every other dose of the saleratus. After trying the above plan for twenty-four to forty-eight hours, if the symptoms are not relieved, give fifteen to twenty-five grains of salicin every two to four hours, according to the severity of the symptoms. Lemon juice is an excellent remedy in many cases if taken in large quantities. The affected joints should have local treatment, of which the best we have any knowledge of is Kendall’s Spavin Cure, which has been refined expressly for human use; although that put up for horses can he used if preferred, or if the refined should not he readily obtainable. Bathe the affected joints by moistening the surface well with the Cure, and rub it gently until it has been absorbed, and then wrap the joints in a warm flannel cloth, and repeat this two or three times a day. During convalescence, if the disease remains stationary in one or two joints, apply the Spavin Cure freely, and give internally four grains of iodide of potassium every six hours, and give also one grain of quinine three times a day, about half an hour before taking nourishment. If constipation exists, give the Persian pills described on page 96, to obviate this, and to assist in correcting all the secretions. Chronic Rheumatism. — This form is sometimes the result of the acute form of the disease, but is more frequently a separate constitutional affection, and coming on independent of any previous attack. It usually is apt to fix upon the joints and its membranes. There is no fever, but usually a dull pain in the affected part, which is worse in cold, damp weather, and at night. The joints are liable to become stiff and swollen. It is quite common among those in middle life and in old age. Stiff or wry neck is a variety of this disease, and is generally caused by sitting in a draught. Sciatica is due to the disease affecting the sciatic nerve. As rheumatism is so common in this country, we think a further description of the disease will not he necessary. Treatment. — The following treatment, when persevered with, has been proved to be the most successful of any treatment ever used in this country, and is as follows: bathe the affected parts freely with Kendall’s Spavin Cure, either the refined for human flesh, or the unrefined, as is most convenient, and rub gently with the hand. We recommend our patients to always wear flannel underclothing; and if the joints should he very painful and swollen, it would he well after each application of Cure to apply a flannel bandage. In addition to the above means, you should always attend to the general health by promoting good digestion, natural sleep, etc. Get the following put up at any drug store, and take about half an hour before meals for several days, or in very bad cases for weeks, if it should he neces- sary : Take iodide of potassium five drachms, macrotin half a drachm, good gin eight ounces; mix and shake well; take one teaspoonful before eating, three times a day. If the patient should be pale and feeble after following the above treatment, until they are free from pain, then get one drachm of citrate of iron and quinine, and four ounces of good whiskey or gin; mix, and take one teaspoonful half an hour before each meal until the patient is strong and healthy. Until the discovery of Kendall’s Spavin Cure having such wonderful power to control this terrible disease, the treatment has been quite unsatisfactory; but we feel confident that if the above directions are followed out strictly, that the worst cases which were hitherto considered incurable will readily yield to this treatment. If the bowels are constipated, give the Persian pills described on page 96, to regulate the bowels and all the secretions. SCARLET FEVER. (Also called Canker-rash or Scarlatina.)—This disease is well known to most people, and may be defined as a contagious fever, which is characterized by a mprbid redness of the skin and mucous membrane of the fauces and tonsils, which makes its appearance about the second day of the fever, and begins to leave about the fifth. It is essen- tially a disease of childhood, and occurs most frequently at three or four years of age, and is less apt to occur as the age advances, rarely affecting persons of more than forty years of age. The scarlatinal poison is of a subtle nature, and is transmitted in the clothing or other articles remaining for a short time in the sick room. This disease varies very much in different cases as regards symptoms and fatality. In its mildest form it is a trivial affection seemingly; in its severest form there are few diseases more malignant. There are three varieties which are essen- tially the same disease, and yet they differ widely as respects their gravity. Symptoms.—The attack may commence with a chill, but many times it is absent. Vomiting Is usually an early symptom, especially with children, and with some cases they are affected with SCARLET FEVEK. SCAKXiBT FEYfiRo diarrhoea in the start. The fever is generally much greater than in other eruptive fevers. The throat and tonsils are very red,'with soreness and pain in swallowing, although in some eases the latter is absent. As regards the intensity of the fever, pain in the head, prostration, and geuei-al uneasiness, different eases differ very much. The average duration of the first stage is usually about twenty-four hours, and then the eruption appears usually on the second day; but may, in some cases, appear a few hours after the attack, or in other cases may be delayed one, two, three, or more days after the time in which it generally appears. The eruption does not appear with the same regularity that it does in measles or small-pox. It oftener appears on the breast and other parts of the body and limbs before making its appear- ance on the neck or face; but in some cases it makes its appearance on the face and neck first. It rapidly spreads until it covers the whole surface in about twenty-four hours. The redness is scaflct; but it does not cover the entire surface like the redness of erysipelas; but, if examined closely, patches will be discovered studded with points which have a deeper red color. If the throat affection is unusually severe, the rash upon the surface is apt to be slight. In some mild cases there is little or no throat affection; but in the vast majority of cases the throat is more or less affected. In most cases the tonsils are swollen and covered more or less with a white or ash-colored exudation commonly called canker. The tongue is generally coated early in the commencement of the disease, and usually little red dots will be seen projecting through the coating. As the disease progresses, the coating dis- appears, leaving the tongue very red; and the red dots projecting give the tongue very much the appearance of a ripe strawberry. After the eruption takes place, the fever is increased as a rule. The increased heat of the skin and frequency of the pulse are more marked than in any other essential fevers. The pulse varies from 100 to 140 per minute, and the gravity of the disease is indicated in some degree by the frequency of the pulse. The temperature under the arm increases to 105° Fall., and in very severe cases it has been known to reach 110° Fah. The duration of the stage of eruption is usually from four to six days; hut is sometimes shorter, although it is more apt to he extended to eight or ten days. As the eruption disappears, the outer portion of the skin peels off, sometimes in small flakes, and at others in large pieces. At this stage of the disease the fever begins tp diminish, and corresponding improvement takes place in other symptoms. The above description of scarlet fever applies to cases which are either mild or not extremely severe, and in which the course of the disease is regular, or at least without complications; but certain cases are extremely grave from the start, and may have com- plications which would render it quite important -that the case be cared for by a good experienced physician, and therefore we shall not notice all the complications liable to occur. It is the opinion of many that the kidneys are oftener affected after mild than severe cases of scarlet fever; this particular feature of this disease makes it very necessary that the patient he watched closely for at least three or four weeks after the fever subsides, so, as to avoid taking cold. The mildest case ever treated by the writer was a child about four years of age; and, although we took special pains to impress upon the minds of the parents the importance of watching the child closely for a month, the parents became careless after two weeks and allowed it to play out on the damp ground, and in two days it died from the effects of the complication alluded to above. We desire to impress upon the minds of all who read this, the great impor- tance of this caution. An ounce of prevention is worth more than a hundred pounds of cure in these cases. The time between exposure and the attack rarely exceeds six days, and several prominent writers claim to have seen cases in which the attack took place in one or two days after exposure. Some seasons this disease is of a mild type, while in other seasons it is very severe. The disease, with proper management and care, .usually terminates favorably, and yet there is, perhaps, no disease which is so uncertain in its termination. In severe cases the symptoms which denote great danger are : very frequent pulse, reaching above 140 per minute, excessive fever, prostration, delirium, and a constant tossing from one position to another. When the above unfavorable symptoms are noticed you should call a physician at once. -■ Treatment.—Mild cases do not call for active treatment, but should be watched closely all through and for a month after the fever subsides, as we have already stated acove. The mild form of the disease requires but little treatment, excepting to confine the patient to the bed-room, :»roper clothing, spare diet, plenty of cold water, with a little vinegar added, and mild laxatives, !l there is constipation; but, as a rule, cathartics should not be given. The air in the sick room should be kept as pure as possible; but exposure to cold should be avoided both during the progress of the disease and also during convalescence; but care in this respect should not lead to tiie error of keeping the room too hot, nor by putting on an overplus of clothing. When the patient is extremely hot and feverish, and the rash does not appear as soon as it should, the tongue much coated, with perhaps, some irritability of the stomach, the author has found that five or six grains of ipecac given to a child four years of age, would produce free vomiting, cause the child to perspire, and the rash would appear soon after, with a general im- provement in all the symptoms. After the rash has once made its appearance, care should be taken not to allow the patient to get cold. In regard to the throat affection, chlorate of potash is considered the best internal remedy, and should be used by putting one ounce into a pint of water; and after all has dissolved that will, use it as a gargle, if the patient is old enough to do so; if uot, apply to the throat with a small swab, and also give half a teaspoonful occasionally to betaken; then apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure to the throat externally, two or three times daily, using the refined if it can be had conveniently, but if uot, the unrefined will answer. Different SCIATICA. physicians may recommend different remedies to be applied externally; but we know of no remedy which begins to equal the Cure when used as above. The patient may be allowed to take small pieces of ice into the mouth, as much as they choose, or bo allowed to take iced drinks freely. For young children, the ice should be confined in a small gauze bag, which can he held in the mouth. For the extreme itching of the skin, which occurs in some cases, apply lard by taking the rind of bacon and passing it over the sur- face. Glycerine or vaseline will answer the same purpose, and when they can be had, will be found more pleasant to use. Voluntary exposure, as is- sometimes practised, should never be allowed. The course of this disease being so uncertain, we think it best, usually, to employ an experienced physician; but with some experience in this disease, and by following above treat moat, most cases will terminate favorably. SCIATICA.—For description and treatment of this affection, see Neuralgia and Ruin .matism. In all cases of this painful disease, when there is constipation, give the Persian phis mentioned on page 96, to regulate the bowels and produce a natural and healthy'condition of t.n system. SCROFULA.—A disease in which one of the chief characteristics is chronic swelling of the absorbant glands, especially the glands of the neck, behind the ears and under the chin, and which tend slowly to imperfect suppuration. - Persons of all ages are affected with it; but young persons who an- the offspring of tuber- culous parents, or whose surroundings are contrary to the laws of health, are most likely to be afflicted with it. Scrof- ulous persons are quite apt to be afflicted with inflamma- tions, particularly of the lym- phatic glands, skin, mem- branes, and also the delicate membrane covering the bones, and these inflammations are of a chronic character. The relation between scrofula and tuberculosis is claimed by many to be quite intimate. Treatment.— This will vary considerably in d iff erent cases, and depends, to some extent, upon the local manifestation of the disease. In most cases, the following prescription should he given for a long time, as it is impossible to effect a cure, as some expect, in a few days: Take iodide of potassium one ounce, fluid extract of sarsaparilla eight ounces, water two ounces; mix the iodide of potassium and water, and shake until dissolved, and then add the sarsaparilla; and give for an adult one teaspoonful half an hour after each meal, if there is local swelling of any part, apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure twice a day. If there is any ulcerated surface, cleanse it with castile soap and water, and then moisten the surface with the Spavin Cure or the following solution: take carbolic acid one drachm, pure water one pint; mix, and shake well. Give a good nourishing diet, such as good fresh heel', eggs, pure milk, etc. Observe all the laws of health strictly. Sea air and bathing in salt water is very beneficial; but if circumstances arc such that the patient cannot spend a few weeks at the sea-shore, ho should add a large handful of salt to the water lie bathes in at home. Keep the bowels regular by a proper use of the Persian pills described on page 96. SMALL-POX.—This disease is very contagious, and is due to a specific poison. The patient is attacked about twelve days after exposure. The patient is attacked with fever, head ache, lassitude, vomiting, and pains in the back. After three days there is an eruption of small red pimples, which inflame and suppurate in the course of a week. If the pain in the hack and vomiting are violent, the disease usually is severe. The pimples appear first on the face, neck, wrists, then on the body and lower extremities. About the ninth day the pmstules break, and scabs form, and ill four or live days more the scabs begin to fall off. In some cases the eruption is so great as to run together so as to lose their regular circular form, and it is these cases which are most dangerous. Various complications are liable to arise in the course of the disease which require the attention of a physician. About one out of every three who have small-pox without ever having been vaccinated, die with the disease; hut of those who are careful to attend to this important precaution, if attacked at ail, die only in the proportion of about one out of every forty or fifty; and when we consider SORB THROAT. that vaccination affords protection against attacks of the disease for a certain length of time, in most cases, we should all endeavor to secure this pro- tection by vaccinating promptly, whenever there is any liability of being exposed, especially if two or more years have passed since the operation had been re- sorted to. Treatment.—In most cases, drugs are of little benefit. The patient should be confined to the bed, in a well- ventilated room, in which the air should be kept moder- ately warm. Cathartics should not be given; but if constipation exists, give injections of warm water, with a little salt and suds made from castile soap, to move the bowels gently. The diet should consist at first of gruel, arrow-root, and other light articles of diet, and later milk and beef-tea should be relied on. If the eruption does not appear as it should, or is tardy in maturing, some have claimed to have excellent success by giving rum, gin, or whiskey quite freely. The sick room should be well ventilated; but be care- ful not to expose the patient to cold or damp air. The hygienic management, which is of so great impor- tance iu the treatment of typhoid and other fevers, should be regarded in this disease. Drugs are not of much importance in this disease excepting to palliate any unfavorable symptoms which may arise; but good care is of great importance. Give plenty of lemonade, cold water, barley-water, etc.; but be careful not to give the lemonade or other sour drinks near the time milk is taken, as it would be liable to turn the milk in the stomach. SORE THROAT. — The term sore throat is used An old method of vaccinating which is much most people to designate an affection of the throat, used at the present time. caused by taking cold. Treatment. — As some might include under this head- ing the diseases known as Quinsy and Diphtheria, we would say, for treatment of those diseases see Index for each, which are treated in their proper place. Apply Ken- dall’s Spavin Cure to the neck, out- side, two or three times a day, and if a very bad case, apply a flannel cloth to the neck, and if the'throat is cank- ered inside, use the following gargle several times a day: Take chlorate of potassa one ounce, water seven ounces; mix, and add one ounce of muriated tincture of iron; shake well, and gargle every two or three hours, remembering always to wash the teeth well after using "the gargle, as the preparation of iron will injure the teeth if not washed each time. SPRAINS. — A sprain or strain is an injury of a joint caused by a partial dislocation, and occurs at the ankle or wrist joints most frequently; but may occur at any joint. Although it is not really a dislocation, yet it is often more painful and troublesome, and requires a longer time to recover from, than a disloca- tion or fracture. Treatment. —If the part is very hot and inflamed, apply cold cloths wet in ice-water for several hours to reduce the inflammation, and then apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure, which has always proved to be the very best remedy we have ever known to be used, as it relieves the pain and reduces the swelling, and restores the natural state of the joint, when other remedies fail and would perhaps leave a stiff joint, which never occurred in any case we ever knew where Kendall’s Spavin Cure was used. (See article on Refining our Medicine, Page 43.) STIFF JOINTS.— It frequently happens that one or more of the joints become stiff from neglect or improper treatment of rheumatism, and frequently from Other causes which it is unnecessary to detail here. Treatment. — The treatment of stiffness in the joints depends upon the condition of the SWELLING OF THE KNEE-JOINT. 31 case, and general health of the patient. For most cases the following application alone is a sure remedy, and the best that can possibly be adopted: apply two or three times a day Kendall’s Spavin Cure to the stiff joint, and rub in well with the hand, and persevere with this for several weeks, or for several days after it produces enough irritation so as to cause considerable smarting at each application, in long standing difficulties, like most cases of this kind, it is necessary to persevere with the treatment as stated above. For the benefit of our patrons we would say, usually after applying Kendall’s Spavin Cure to human flesh faithfully for from one to three weeks, two or three times a day, it will produce a little breaking out or fine rash where applied; after this rash appears it causes considerable smarting when the Spavin Cure is applied over this same surface; but to get the very best results in old and bad cases it should be applied in this way for several days after the rash appears, even if it should cause considerable smarting. SWELLING OF THE KNEE-JOINT. — This may occur from various causes, such as strains, rheumatism, white swelling, etc. For treatment of the former, see Sprains and Rheumatism. For treatment of white swelling, give internally syrup of iodide of iron, twenty drops in a little water after each meal, and if the patient be young, give for four years of age five drops, and for ten years of age give ten drops, or for any other age in proportion. Also give bitter tonics, if the appetite be poor; with a good nourishing diet. Locally, wo know of no remedy which begins to equal Kendall’s Spavin Cure applied two or three times a day, and followed up for a long time, even for some time after considerable irritation is produced. Keep the bowels regular by a proper use of the Persian pills described on page 96, which will produce a beneficial effect upon the whole system. TYPHOID FEVER.—This fever occurs most frequently in Autumn. It attacks the rich and poor indiscriminately. It is caused by Inhaling foul gases which come from drains when stopped up, or from the stools of an individual affected with typhoid fever; also by the drinking-water becoming contaminated by the decomposing sewage making its way into the well. Symptoms.—Certain symptoms precede the attack in a part of the cases, such as a sense of weariness and general uneasiness, headache, especially in the morning, dullness of intellect, flushes of heat or chilliness, furred tongue, pulse accelerated, and a tendency to diarrhoea. The above symptoms may occur for a few days, and occasionally for more than a week, when the disease is ushered in by a chill followed by fever. The pulse ranging from 90 to 120 per minute; but usually is less than a hundred. There is a dull, heavy expression, pain in the head, back, and limbs; bleeding from the nose, restlessness with a want of sleep, and diarrhoea with yellow watery discharges, thirst and loss of appetite. The urine is high-colored and diminished in quantity. In severe cases the pulse rises above 120, is feeble and irregular, the breath offensive, the breathing hurried, the tongue dry and brown, or red and glazed; the lips cracked and parched; great depression, and usually the abdomen is tender. These symp- toms become aggravated each day. In eight or ten days rose-colored dots appear in most cases on the abdomen, and remain for two or three days, when they disappear and are usually replaced by a fresh crop. The second week the following symptoms may occur: sleepiness followed by slight delirium, which frequently becomes violent; ringing of the ears, or deafness, hiccough, pains in the muscles, and great debility, etc., etc. The mildest cases cannot be looked upon as being free from danger, nor on the other hand are the worst cases to be considered inevitably fatal. Among the most unfavorable symptoms are deep sleep, stertorious breathing, rigidity of the limbs, profuse diarrhoea, hemorrhage from the bowels, delirium, bloating of the bowels, great prostration, etc. Treatment. — It has been claimed by some that they have cut short attacks which they had every reason to believe would have resulted in typhoid fever, by adopting the following plan; As soon as it was noticed that the patient had the premonitory symptoms, a full dose of the Per- sum pills were given, such as described on page 96, (three or four for an adult, two for a person fifteen years old, and one for a child from six to ten years old.) After the pills had moved the bowels freely, the patient was given warm drinks and covered up warm in bed until free perspi- ration took place; then sulphate of quinine was given in doses of four grains to an adult, and repeated every four hours for one day, and then diminished in size, and not taken as often. If at any time the quinine should cause ringing in the ears, it should be left off, at least until this symptom has subsided, when it may be resinned in smaller doses. After the fever has become established, the treatment should be a mild laxative such as the Persian pills mentioned above; five to twenty drops of turpentine, given in mucilage made by dissolving gum arabic in water until it is quite thick, and given when the tongue is dry and the abdominal symptoms marked. Ten to twenty-five drops of the diluted sulphuric acid is given with good results during the fever. As the disease advances and the strength fails, quinine, brandy, and concentrated nourishment, like beef-tea, milk, and eggs, are indicated. The nourish- ment should be given at intervals of two to four hours, and should be given in alternation. As it is very important that a physician should treat this disease, and as our space is so limited, we Save thought best to omit the treatment in detail, which would necessarily be lengthy. TOOl’MAiJBk - TOOTHACHE.— This maybe caused by a decayed too: a, hot gutm. uoeu; whim; acum to be in the teeth, and yet the teeth, to all appearances, are sound. Other cases occur where the tooth looks sound, to all outwanl appearance; :t w 1 :• the ; -at r-l.u!.; the ;; • ;h im ether, the tooth which aches appears to bo long; r limn the others, e.ud bkisg anj tiling ha this lootii causes pain, on account of an ulcer on the root. Treatment.—While it is true that many teeth should ho pulled when they ache, it is equally true that many are extracted which might ho k pt for years by having them'proporly filled, etc. The best remedy to stop toothache is to apply Kendall’s Bpa\ in Cure to the tooth by putting a small piece of cotton batting, saturated with the Cure, into the cavity, and bathe the outside of cheek and gums opposite the tooth, and after the pain is stopped, call.on a good dentist for treatment. WARTS. — This consists of a collection of enlarged cutaneous papilla', and is so common as to he readily distinguished by everybody. To effect a cure apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure thoroughly for several weeks. In most cases it is a good ‘way to saturate a small piece of cotton batting and bind it onto the wart, and wet the hatting with the Cure as often as it becomes dry. For warts on cow’s teats, this remedy has been 1 he most successful of anything we ever know of being used, by applying the Spavin Cure thoroughly after each milking; and this "treatment is also the best thing known for cracked or sore teats. WEAR BACK AN!) SPINE.-—This is manifest by pain in the back, and ia a symp- tom of some spinal disorder, or of some affection of the kidneys, and is best treated in the great majority of cases by bathing the hack over the location of the pain for two or three times a day freely with Kendall’s Spavin Cure, either the refun d for human flesh, or the unrefined, as will best suit your convenience. The above treatment has given remarkable results, as it has cured some cases of long standing which were reported to be given up by all physicians as incurable. Stitch in the hack is also treated very successfully with Kendall’s Spavin Cure applied and rubbed in well as recommended above. We never knew it to fail in a ease of this sort. WOUNDS.—Nearly all wounds, excepting those which are so extensive as to require the careful attention of a surgeon, are treated very successfully by applying Kendall’s Spavin Cure directly into the wound. It lias been used with the very best of success in all wounds for which we ever saw it used. The wound should first be cleansed with water, and, if necessary, use Castile soap to remove any filth or dirt, and then apply the Cure. It will cause considerable smarting for a short time, hut this will soon subside. Only a small quantity is necessary. HYGIENE. In the short space allotted for this important subjevh vi- :ii! ■ t > a few thoughts, and give the most important facts relating to the knr.-i of ]>, oilb, or the lest method of preventing dined Re. This is one of the most iiii- jortaut subject : th; t could possibly be presented n this space, which \.auld be in keeping with he main object for which we - publish this book, arid that is to improve and bet ter the condition of 'he unprof. 1 nr- cT -s, by teaching them how to preserve their health, as well as to restore it, after disease is fastenedupon them. Pure ( ir ;■ ri •:.y'essential to maintain per cat health; and to Bo<-are this object, it is quite mportant in the start that, the buildings and sur- •onndiugs should bo-propm ly located. When it s practical, the house and at:a r buildings should he located on such an elevation as to secure a thorough natural drainage. This is the first important step to secure jure air; for without this, unless great pains are ;aken, there will soon be located around the HtiMingSj pools, slop-hol , etc., which are fill' d ind tinn dries'! •.;>, • t i-i-pewied couiinua'd> luring tire hot season, and thus the air is con uminated with a poison which makes it impos sible to maintain perfect health, and in thousands of cases brings on disease which results in death; therefore we wish to impress upon the minds of our readers the great importance of halting after the dram, cesspool, eic., and to see that refree matter is not thrown.into the drain or any pool that may he near the premises, as it will here decompose, and add to the great danger from these places. Tt is also very important to vea IMPROVED BLOP-IIOffE. Place for throwing slops. 2. A vcntiia' >r, which should l)e continued up to carry the gas to the top of the house, or where it can do no harm. 8. A gate, which can he raised to let the water run out at the bottom in winter, or to clean out whenever it is necessary. 4. Outlet. 5. An outlet, which can be used in cold weather. 6. A partition to prevent gas from escaping where it may do injury. GliYCEipit miK Experience lias proven that the many preparations placed before th-3 Public for toilet and other purposes, have been in very many instances, entirelv useless or of positive iniurv. Knowing of no hair dressing that seemed to fully meet the popular demand for an article both efficacious and harmless, we have, regardless of time and expense, made a thorough study of the different physiological and pathological conditions of the hair and scalp and of the diseases they areheirto, and at the same time by untiring labor and innumerable experiments we have formed a combination known as Which has for sev producing- glands eral years stood making it a Re- the most severe storative of price- tests and proven less value without itself to be noton- those harmful qu- ly a superior arti- alities from which cle for toilet use, but few are free, such as cleansing Experience has the scalp and for verified the cor- a hair dressing, rectness of the at- but also for pro- tributed virtue of moting a luxuri- *‘GLYCEROlL”and ant growth of hair its remarkable to- upon heads that nic, stimulant and have become bald, invigorative prop- no matter of how erties have given long standing. As it a well merited a hair dressing it world-wide repu- does not make the tation. hair stiff or dry, The formation but soft and plia- of the hair is one ble and acts as a ot the earliest tonic and stimu- works of nature lant to the hair, and probably of all the most enduring for their growth i3 continual, not only during life but for a short time after death, and it may be preserved for centuries. However the non observance of hygienic rules and excess of mental and physical labor is sure to cause premature baldness and grayness of the hair, consequently, when but the prime of life is reached, that which should be the crowning glory of man and the chief beauty of woman too often becomes the first evidence of their declining years and diminished power. “Geyceroil” has never yet failed to arrest that premature baldness which, regardless of disease, is so characteristic of the overworked fast living people of the present century. The science of anatomy has shown the hair to be a nearly cylindrical appendage of the skin, analogus to the feathers of birds and the scales of reptiles, and to consist of a root, the part implanted in the skin; the shaft, the portion projecting from the surface. The root being that portion from which the nutrition is almost wholly derived is the portion GLYCEROIL. GLYCEROIL. jpon which the wonderful tonic properties of our “Glyceroil” exert themselves the most forcibly, furnishing to the scalp and different glands it contains that proper and natural nourish- ment fouud in no other preparation. The shaft, or portion projecting from the scalp, should in a natural condition attain great length and thickness, and have a soft and luxuriant appearance, for it is intended not only to adorn and beautify, but to maintain the proper heat and electrical conditions of the scalp and by its thickness to protect the delicate adjacent organs from injury. As the reader must readily see, an appendage of so great importance and so many functions should be the object of much attention and careful preservation. That the mode of dressing and its adornment has been the subject paramount of the fashionable toilet of every race and nation from the earliest annals of history no one will deny; but that there has been a perfectly harmless toilet article, until the discovery of “Glyceroil”, that would for years preserve the hair in a natural and healthy condition, and at the same time possess those properties that would invigorate and stimulate to renewed action in case of disease no one will dare assert. “Glyceroil” is not the pet scheme of a business enterprise. “Glyceroil” is not a cheap preparation of oil and perfume. “Glyceroil” is not a dye, although by imparting health and vigor the hair retains its natu- ral color. But “Glyceroil” is the tried and true PRESERVATIVE UNPRECEDENTED, THE RESTORATIVE UNRIVAEEED, That will meet all and every above mentioned requirement as a dressing for the hair. The nutrition of the hair being effected through vessels in close contact with its tissue, it is readily seen that causes affecting the general health and especially the condition of the skin act powerfully upon the nutrition ot the hair. AEOPECIA OR BALDNESS. Baldness or loss of hair presents an extensive range of variations in degree from moderate thinness to complete baldness, and the causes from which it arises are many. The more prominent being Exhausted nutritive power of the skin, Nervous shocks, Debility of the nerves supplying the scalp, Headaches, Fevers and from certain skin diseases. SYMPTOMS. It is a well established fact in the science of medicine that different diseases present many symptoms in common and the diseases of the hair are no exception to this time proven rule. Dandruff and Dryness of the hair are usually the symptoms of coming baldness, no matter what the disease or how-caused, and if not at once arrested, partial or complete baldness is sure to follow. The use of “Glyceroil” at the commencement of the formation of Dandruff will stop the hair and scalp becoming dry and effectually eradicate all disorder. The use of “Glyceroil” after the hair has become rigid, brittle and commenced to fall, will render it smooth, soft and elastic and immediately check the loss. The use of “Glyceroil” after the head has become wholly or partially bald will promote the growth of a new and healthy head of hair with the rich, luxuriant and glossy appearance that can only be obtained by the use of this combination of nature’s own restorative remedies, known as “Glyceroil.” DIRECTIONS FOR USING “GLYCEROIL.” As a hair dressing, apply the same as an ordinary hair oil; to promote the growth of the hair, apply once a day and rub down to the scalp well. Ask your druggist for a Lottie of “GEYCEROIE.” Price, 50 cts. per bot- tle, or 6 bottles for $2.70. GLYCEROIL COMPANY, MANUFACTURERS, ENOSBURGH FALLS, VT., U. S. A. HYGIENE. 33 tilate the house and apartments thoroughly, as effluvia and organic vapors of various kinds become developed in every house which is occupied, and may he harmless when fresh; hut they are subject to early decomposition, and then they become very hurtful, although the occupant of the house is, perhaps, unaware of its presence. To prevent this, every house should be swept throughout every day by a current of fresh air, which should be allowed to pass through each room, to cleanse its atmosphere and remove every impurity. ff'he best way to accomplish this object, is to open windows on opposite sides of the rooms every morning early, and allow them to remain open for a sufficient time. The cellin' should be thoroughly drained and ventilated, by all means, if you expect to bo healthy; for no person can have perfect health and live in a house which has a wet, damp, and poorly-ventilated cellar; and wo entreat you to attend to this matter at once, and remove every decaying vegetable, pieces of old boards, or any other substance which remains rotting there. We know thousands are neglecting this matter; but this is no excuse for others, for we also know that thousands are dying every year on account of this'neglect, and their friends wonder why it is they are taken from them; and we give you the answer by saying, because they neglected to observe the “ laws of Nature.” It is a settled fact that every violaticm of these laws will bo punished accordingly. Always remove all the cellar windows early in the Spring, and do not replace them until late in the Fall; and in this way your building will last much longer, to say nothjng of the vastly more important item of ventilating, to save your health and the lives of your family. If you are to build a new house, be sure to take pains about ventilating and draining the cellar, for it positively is the most profitable way you can spend the amount it will cost you; for it will cost but a very little if attended to while you are constructing your house; and then you will always have a dry cellar, with pure air in it as long as the ventilation is proper, which will ensure you good health (providing no other law is violated to cause sickness); and all know that only an ordinary run of typhoid fever, even if the patient lives through it, is more expensive than to attend to the whole of the matters enumerated above; and if life is saved, as it often is, by observing these matters, it is more than all else combined. To ventilate the cellar properly, the chimney should start from the ground, and should be built larger than is customary in many places. It should be inside tire due, at least, twelve by twenty inches, or larger; then have a small register at the bottom of the cellar, and just under the floor, and in each room it may pass through just above the floor, which will allow the carbonic acid gas, which always settles to the bottom of any room where it is confined, to pass off up the chimney and be replaced by pure air. An excellent and cheap way to ventilate, is to build a thin board box to occupy all the space between the studding, which will extend continuously from tile sill of the house to a ventilator, which shall be placed above -the roof, ami place a register opening into it, just above eacli floor, which should always be kept open night'and day; then place a register just under the ceiling, which shall open into the box, which may be closed wholly or partly when the room is too cool, if the air is pure, but should be opened whenever it shall be necessary to cool the temperature or to purify the air; but remember that it is very important to keep the lower register open continually to get rid of the poisonous gas which settles in the bottom of the room. The old-fashioned fire- places are the best ventilators that can be built. If the board box is adopted for a ventilator, it should extend to the bottom of the cellar to ventilate it properly. The temperature of the, body should be evenly and properly maintained to secure perfect health; and to accomplish this purpose requires great care and caution at times. The human body is, so to speak, the most delicate and intricate piece of machinery that could possibly be conceived of, and to keep this in perfect order requires constant care. It is a fixed law of Nature that every violation thereof shall be punished; and so we find that he who neglects to care for ids body by protecting it from sudden changes of weather, or draughts of cold air upon un- protected parts of the body, suffers the penalty by sickness, which may vary according to the exposure and the habits of the person, which affect the result materially; for what would be an easy day’s work for a man who is accustomed to hard labor, would be sufficient to excite tire circulation to such an extent in a person unaccustomed to work, that only slight exposure might cause the death of the latter when over-heated in this way; while the same exercise and ex- posure to the man accustomed to hard labor might not affect him. So, we say, be careful of your bodies, for it is a duty you owe to yourselves, your friends, and particularly to Him who created you. When your body is over-heated and you are perspiring, be vA-y careful about sitting down to “Cool off” as the custom of some is, by removing a part of the clothing and sitting in a cool place, and perhaps where there is a draught of air passing over your body. The proper way to “ cool oft'” when over-heated is to put on more clothing, especially if you are in a cool place; but never remove a part of the clothing you have already on. If possible, get near a fire where there is no wind blowing, and dry off gradually, instead of cooling off suddenly, which is always dangerous. Abuses of the body are in numerous ways. .Excesses of various kinds are abuses of the body, which shorten our lives. Our space will not admit of a full consideration of the many excesses to which many persons are addicted; but let the warning be sufficient when we say, that all excesses are draughts upon our old age, payable with compound interest. We are constantly reminded, as we look out upon the vast ocean of human beings, of the awful abuses to which many subject themselves. We see men who, from the hard work they perform and the improper and insufficient food they cat, are poor in flesh and look haggard bn account of the abuses to which they subject themselves; and i:i many of these cases the persons who are these victims are “well-to-do” persons, who are straining every nerve to get gold. To such, let me HYGIENE. say—stop, and consider the errors of such a course; life and the responsibilities of life, are not trifling mattters, as you in your carelessness treat them. You were placed on this earth by the Creator to to happy, and if you are not, it is your own tault, unless you are the victim of some- one’s transgression rr misdealing'. It may be useless t > endeavor l i reform those whose lives are well spent, and whose habits are so firmly fixed, as to make it impossible to change them; but f m the young we feel a deep interest that we may lend a helping hand, and by giving you good advice, help you t) preserve your health, lengthen your days on the earth, and° thus Eromote your happiness. To all such we would say, God never designed you to be un- appy, and lie never designed that you should labor so hard and have such a scanty living as to make you poor, unhealthy men and women, and in this way shorten your days on the earth and make the few years you live here miserable, and finally leave a poor, weakly posterity. Do not let us lie misunderstood, for we would not have anyone believe that wc would recommend slotltfulness in business or abstinence from labor, nor would we recommend an unnecessary and over-abundance of rich food; for all these would be abuses as far in the opposite direction; but if you would be healthy and happy in this life, f illow the advice given by St. Paul to the Thessalonians, when lie told taein t > work with quietness that they might eat their own bread. This advice will apply to .both classes; the man who works too hard, as well as the sluggard who prefers to eat another’s bread. For this class we have but little sympathy, lor there is but little hope of reform in their case; but we admire the man who is lull of life and ambition, and it is this class that we hope to assist in t ns essay, by warning them before it is too late, that they may save tneir health, and in many cases life, by not over-taxing their bodily strength, and by living a generous but temperate life. Many may think that the above advice is meant to apply only to those who labor with their hands, but there is a class of men who labor with their minds, who are in greater danger, il possible, than the former class, because when they do more mental labor in a day then they should, they do not always become aware of the fact, and so they continue on in the same way the second day, and so on, until finally they are unable to sleep, and they lie quietly a part orthe whole of the ni git planning and studying, and they go on in this way over-taxing the mind until they “break d nvn,” perhaps never again to recover their former strength and ability. To such, let us say, do not for a single day expose yourself to this great danger; but when you have done a fair day’s work, stop and forget, if possible, everything you have keen tl.inkling about during the day. You should have some innocent recreation, which you will enjoy so well as to get your thoughts completely off from the business of the day, and which you can enjoy from tie time your day’s work is done until you retire for the night, or so long as you may think proper or best. Remember that it is not he who makes the longest days who products tnefinest ana most valuable thou ghts, or accomplishes the most in life. This advice is intended for the ambitious, for we have no idea t' ere will be many lazy persons who will ever read this ; but if we knew that any such person would, our advice to such a one would be to zvork by all weans. We have no fears that you will ever injure yourself in this way. We wish to impress this fact upon the minds of our readers, that by constantly repeating, day after day, or even at longer intervals, any < f the causes of disease, however slight it may be, it will at last cer- tainly undermine ti.e health and produce disease which may cause death. Theiuateriuedrink is little thought of bv many, whether it hi- pure or not, and yet this is one of the most important matters which relates to the welfare < i our families- We have not the space to discuss this sub- t ct fully, but we propose to notice some of : he impurities in the water we drink, which \ ill be found in thousands of places, and which, if used a sufficient length of time, will be sure to cause disease, and in many cases death. The accompanying engrav- ings show the actual condition ., Dear Sir: —The particular case on which I used your Spavin Cure was a malignant ankle sprain of sixteen months standing. I had tried many things, but in vain. Your Spavin Cure put the foot to the ground again, and, for the first time since hurt, in a natural position. Fora family liniment it excels anything we ever used. Yours truly, REV. M. P. BELL, Pastor M. E. Church, Patten’s Mills, N. Y. N. B. — If our space would allow of it. we could print hundreds of letters here to prove that Kendall’s Spavin Cura is the most wonderful medicine ever discovered for rheumatism, sprains, bruises, or as a general liniment for human iiesb. Remember that we claim that t o r medy has ever yet been discovered which equals it for all the purposes enumerated above. Every testimonial we print is genuine. Kendall’s Spavin Cure. The wonderfnl success -which has been achieved by this remedy has encouraged the pro- prietors to refine it expressly for Jm man jlesh. No remedy has ever met with such unqualified success on ail animals, and this has led hundreds to test its virtues on their own flesh. Thousands have found it to he sufliciently strong to penetrate and to have the real virtue to cure the worst cases of rheumatism, neuralgia, corns, bunions, warts, frost-bites, felons, chilblains, burns, or any pain, bruise, cut, or lameness ■which are not effected in tae least by ordinary liniments. It does not blister, but, on the con- trary, removes soreness. For horses and other animals we recommend our patrons to use that put up in light wrappers, —retail price, $1.00. For man use that put up in red wrappers, — retail price, 50 cts. If desired, that put up for horses can be used on human flesh with perfect safety. Directions. — Keep the b-'ttle well corked. Do not apply near a fire or any flame. For rheumatism or neuralgia apply to the affected part three or four times a day, and protect the part from the cold. Continue its use for several days, or weeks if necessary, until considerable irritation of the skin is produced ; and, in bad cases, of long standing, continue to apply it for several days after the skin becomes irritated sufliciently to cause considerable smarting at each application. For sprains, swellings, burns, bruises, frost-bites, chilblains, corns, felons, bunions, backache, headache, toothache, sore throat, —or any soreness of the, chest, quinsy, lameness, or pain caused bv any mishap, we recommend to apply this liniment to the affected part two or three times a day, or oftener if necessary. PAET II INDEX OF DISEASES OF THE HORSE. ABDOMINAIi DROPSY is usually the result of chronic inflammation of the bowels. Symptoms.—Head hanging'; mouth dry; membranes look pale; pulse hard. If the horse turns about suddenly the act will elicit a grunt. Pressure on the abdomen will cause him to groan. A lack of spirits; lies down constantly if left to himself; is restless, thirsty, no appetite; is weak, abdomen enlarged, yet the horse quite thin in flesh, hide-bound and constipated. One of the legs and the sheath are sometimes swelled. Treatment.— Begin the treatment as soon as you can decide as to the nature of the disease. Give, night and morning, twenty grains extract of. belladonna, ten grains sulphate of quinine, thirty-five grains iodide of iron, one-half grain strychnia. Mix, and give at each dose. Mix five ounces tincture of iodine, and two ounces croton oil, and apply a little to a portion of the abdo- men by rubbing down to the skin and shifting to a different location when the skin becomes sere. Some cases are incurable. ROTS.—The stomach seems to be the natural nursery for the protection and the propaga- tion of the stomach hot. When the eggs have remained in the stomach for a year they become a perfect chrysalis (that is, the form of a butterfly before it reaches the winged state), and then they release their hold of the stomach and are expelled with the dung. Tt will be provided with wings in a short time, and will fly about, commenc- ing the propagation of its species, which [through the same period of incuba- ley are of two kinds, stomach and nent hots. The stomach hots are the of turning horses into pasture in the er months, and are produced from the aid on the fore legs of the horse by t fly. imptoms are an unthrifty coat, and flesh after running out to pasture. 11 horses which run out to grass are sure to have hots in their stomachs, there is so much misconception about nd their destructiveness to horses, we die result of a series of experiments >ots three-fourths grown, hen immersed in rum they live twen- hours; decoction of tobacco, eleven ; strong oil of vitriol, two hours eigh- minutes; essential oil of mint, two five minutes. Were immersed with- 'parent injury, in spirits of camphor, iurs; fish oil, forty-nine hours; tinct- oes, ten hours; in brine, ten hours; n indigo, ten hours. A number of bots, with one that was full grown, mmersed in a strong solution of cor- sublimatc, one of the most powerful s; the small ones died in one hour, but the full-grown one tvas taken out of the solution, six hours after its immersion, apparently unhurt. It will be seen by the above experiments, that no medicine can be given which will effect the hot that will not destroy the coating of the stomach, and injure or kill the horse. No veterinary surgeon can distinguish the symptoms of bots from those of colic. In fact, there is but little No. 1. The female fly about to deposit an egg. u 2. The male fly. “ 3. The egg its natural size. “ 4. The egg magnified. “ 5. The newly-hatched bot. “ 0. The bot fully grown. “ 7. The head of a bot magnified. “ 8. The chrysalis. INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS. doubt that ninety-nine out of every one hundred cases of belly-ache are no more nor less than colic, and not bots, and should be treated as we direct in the treatment of colic. Treatment. — The genera! condition should be improved so that the debilitating effects of the bots may not interfere with the gen- eral health of the horse. It is gen- erally considered impossible to expel or destroy the bots; but it has been re- ported to us by parties who claimed to have made the experiment, that bots would not live but a short time when placed in grated potatoes, and that at- tacks of bots have been relieved at once by feeding the horse four to six quarts of potatoes. We are very sure that potatoes when fed, say once a week, on some day on which the horse will not be worked, is an excellent thing for any horse; and if the above theory is correct (as it doubtless is), it may explain in part the valuable effect they produce. Improve the general condition by giving the tonic and renovating pow- ders described on page 95, in double doses for two or three times, unless it should act as a physic after the first or second dose, and then continue in heaping tablespoonful doses for some time to improve the condition. Fundament hot. — Like the stom- ach bot, this is also the result of run- ning out to grass. Instead of the eggs being deposited on the legs they are de- posited on the lips of the horse. They are found in the rectum, and often seen about the anus and under the tail. Treatment. — Injections of raw linseed oil, or of tobacco smoke. Then give the renovating powders de- scribed on page 95. BOWELS, FVFFAMMATXON OF. — The symptoms are very severe pain in the belly, varying from those of colic in being a continuous pain (while in colic there are in- tervals of rest from pain), rolling, pawing, sweating, rapid breathing, with art inclina- tion to shift about, with great fever and ex- citement.. The disease comes on more grad- ually than colic (which see), legs and ears cold, belly tender and painful on pressure. (See cut next page for position of nose, etc.) Causes. — Constipation, exposure to cold, drinking cold water in large quantities when hot, hard driving, diarrhoea, and as a sequel to colic. The above-named causes, when occur- ring in a horse predisposed to the disease, are quite liable to bring it on. Treatment. — if the cause is constipa- tion, give a quart of raw linseed oil, and, if necessary, add from four to six drops croton oil. If the cause is over-purging, give an ounce and a half of tincture of opium in a half-pint of waer. If the'cause should be other than costiveness or diarrhoea, give thirty drops of the tincture of aconite root, and repeat it in two hours. Apply blankets, wrung out of hot water, to the belly, and renew them every fifteen minutes. Give injections of warm water (not hot), castile noap, and a handful of table salt every half hour until the bowels move some. There is a di- versity of opinion in regard to bleeding, It is ray ooinion that it is of doubtful utility in thifi iiseaae- Bots clinging to the mucous membrane lining the stomach. No. 1. The female nbout to deposit an egg. “ 2. The egg magnified. “ 3. The but. “ 4. The chrysalis. “ 5. The male fly. BRONCHITIS BRONCHITIS. — This disease consists in an inflammation of the air passages of the lungs. It is a very common disease among horses, and is some- times confounded with inflammation of the lungs (or lung fever), distempers and colds. Symptoms. — Begins with a chill, fever, harsh cough, labored breathing, mouth hot and dry, with loss of appetite, and in one or two days a discharge from the nostrils will be observed. Treatment. — Give the horse a good, comfortable place (not too close nor the reverse). Give fifteen to twenty drops tincture of aconite root, and repeat every four hours until six doses have been given, which will probably relieve the fever. Let the horse have plenty of cold water to drink. We would discourage the idea of bleeding, as it would be more likely to do harm than good. After the fever has subsided (which will probably he about the second day), give the powders described on page 95. Chronic Bronchitis is the result of had treatment of acute bronchitis, and when the attack has been prolonged for some time. Symptoms. - A cough which seems to be confirmed, with discharge from the nostrils, and cough worse after drinking and in the morning. Treatment. — Take of pulv. gentian and pulv. sulphate of iron eight ounces each. Mix thoroughly and divide into thirty-five powders, and feed twice a day until all has been given; then make an ointment of red iodide of mercury one drachm, lard one ounce, thoroughly mixed together. Apply the above-named ointment down the course of the windpipe, and the next day apply sweet oil or lard to keep the skin from cracking. Repeat the application of the ointment in one week. BURNS AND SCALDS. —When the burn is so deep as to destroy the skin and superficial tissues, we would recommend raw linseed oil, applied with bandages, to protect the parts from the air, and allowed to remain for several days. But when the skin is not destroyed, we have found that Kendall’s Spavin Cure is an ex cellent remedy for such burns on man; so we feel certain it will work equally well on any animal. CALLUS.—A callus is a thickening of the cuticle or of any soft part caused by pressure or friction, or it may be the result of some injury, which after remaining sore for some time finally heals, leaving a thick, hard, and enlarged surface which we term callus, and which not only injures the sale of the horse, but is also a constant “ eye-sore” to the owner. Treatment.—We can only recommend one course, as we have had no experience with any other which proved successful, and that is to apply Kendall’s' Spavin Cure two or three times a day, for several weeks, as directed for spavin. These cannot generally be removed very quickly, yet if the above plan is followed out, it is sure to be effectual in time. CAPPED ELBOW (Shoe Boil).—This enlargement on the point of the elbow is on the side of the chest just behind the shoulder. It is a tumor (or sometimes a simple abscess) caused by direct pressure against the calk or heel of the shoe; particularly, when the latter is allowed to protrude too far backward. Pads are made by harness-makers which are quite useful in pro- tecting the parts while the horse is lying. Treatment. — If the tumor is soft and shows signs of containing pus, it would be well to open it and allow the matter to escape. Some recommend that the tumor be dissected out with a knife, and then treated as any simple wound by keeping clean until it heals. Kendall’s Spavin Cure has been used with very gratifying results for Shoe Boil. It should he applied twice a day for some time, the same as when it is desired to remove any enlargement. Some get an idea that if a bottle of Kendall’s Spavin Cure is applied, it will do as much good to apply the whole in two or four days as to be as many weeks in using it, but we would like to have it remembered that it takes time to remove any enlargement, and especially if it has existed for any length of time; therefore we say it is not so much in the quantity used in a given time as in the length of time it is used. We know of no remedy that is so certain to remove Shoe Boil, when properly used, as Kendall’s Spavin Cure. CAPPED HOCK. — This is a soft swelling on the point of the hock joint. It is caused by kicking in the harness or stable, or by being kicked by another horse, and rarely causes any lameness. Treatment. — Kendall’s Spavin Cure used as for Capped Elbow is a safe and sure remedy. CAPPED KNEE. — Caused by some injury to the knee. Symptoms. — A seft turner in front of the knee. Treatment. — If left alone it would probably burst and leave a permanent blemish. If the the tumor is hot, bathe first with cold water to reduce the heat, or bind on cloths wet with cold water, and change often; then apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure as directed for Capped Elbow. Oi.6XXRY (Firing). — This cruel and inhuman praetiee is one which has been practised in the past, and perhaps is to a slight degree now, but we sincerely believe it to be one which A General Symptom op Abdominal Irritation. COLIC. ought to he forbidden by all humane societies, as the cases which are benefited are very few, if any, that could not be benefited by milder and more humane means. (See Firing Horses.) COLIC. — Colic is a very common as well as a very dangerous disease. There are two forms : Spasmodic and Flatulent Colic. The former is of a spasmodic nature, and will, in severe cases, run into inflammation of the bowels and cause speedy death, if not relieved. Causes of Spasmodic Colic arc drinking cold water when in a heated condition, costiveness, un- wholesome food, undue quantity of food, etc. Symptoms. — The horse is suddenly attacked with pain, and shows evidence of great distress, shifting his position almost constantly, and manifesting a desire to lie down. But in a few minutes these symptoms dis- appear, and the horse is easy for a short time, when they return with increasing severity until the horse cannot be kept upon his feet. A cold sweat generally breaks out over the body. The legs and ears remain at about the natural tempera- ture. He looks around to his flanks, mostly at the right side, as if pointing out the seat of the disease, scrapes the ground with his forward foot, and will almost strike his belly with his hind foot. The horse heaves at the flanks; he kicks and rolls, and seems much excited, and sometimes First Stage op Spasmodic Colic. Second Stage of Spasmodic Colic. Third Stage of Spasmodic Colic. acts as though he wanted to make water, which he cannot do, on account of the urethra being spasmodically contracted. This symptom need not be treated (as it frequently is), for as soon as the horse is relieved of the colic, he will pass water freely. Therefore follow the treatment we give, and relieve the colic as soon as possible. As the disease advances the horse will frequently throw himself down with force, look anxiously at the sides, and sometimes snap with his teeth at his sides, and strike upwards with his hind feet, as they do many times with inflammation of the bowels. Symptoms of colic. Attacked suddenly. Intervals of rest. Pulse not much altered in the early stage of the disease. Rubbing belly gives relief. Ears and legs of natural temperature. Motion gives relief. Strength scarcely affected. INFLAMMATION OF BOWELS. Symptoms come on gradually. In constant pain. Pulse small and much quickened, and scarcely - to he felt many times. Belly quite tender and sore to the touch. Ears and legs cold. Motion increases pain. Strength rapidly failing. Treatment. — Relieve tlie pain by giving one ounce sulphuric ether, two ounces of tincture of opium (laudanum), and a pint of raw linseed oil, and, if not relieved in an hour, repeat the dose. If there is not relief in a reasonable length of time after the second dose is given, some recommend bleeding from six to ten quarts from the neck-vein, but we think it is rarely neces- sary to do this. Occasionally walk the horse about to excite the bowels to action. The following mixture is said to be very good : — Take aromatic spirits of ammonia one pint, sulphuric ether one pint, sweet spirits of nitre one and one-half pints, gum opium (made fine) four ounces, camphor gum four ounces, assafa-tida four ounces. Mix all together, and shake frequently for twelve or fifteen days; then filter or strain through flannel, and it will be ready for use. Rose, one tablespoonful in a little water, repeated in thirty minutes. • A larger dose may be given sometimes in very severe cases. colic Another excellent remedy, which is always at hand, is one heaping tablespoonfnl of saleratns mixed with one pint of milk, and given at one dose. Always begin ike treatment as soon as possible. Flatulent Colic, 'Windy Colic, etc. — The horse is uneasy, hangs the head, and exhibits a few of the general symptoms of spasmodic colic before there is any enlargement of the belly; but more particularly after, for as soon as the belly swells the pawing commences, although it is not so violent as in spasmodic colic. There is but little rolling or kicking at the belly as in spasmodic colic, and the horse is not inclined to move about much. After from one to four days the belly becomes much increased in size (if the disease is not checked), and the animal becomes restless. Treatment. — Do not bleed for flatulent colic. Try an injection first, and if gas or wind come awray with it, the patient will most likely recover soon; but if no benefit is derived from the injection, give the remedies as recommended for spasmodic colic. Let the horse be led aeound quietly until the medicine has had time to take effect, so as to prevent his falling or rolling, as it might cause rupture of the diaphragm. If the horse becomes bloated so much that it is evident to the spectators that he cannot live but a short time, tapping may be resorted to. although we do not recommend it to be performed by an inexperienced p rson. as it is a dangerous operation for an ordinary person to perform. If it is decided to tap the horse, cut a small place in the skin over the location of the gas, which can be found as indicated by the white places in the engraving, and by percussion on the left side. When the proper place is found it will give a hollow sound, when you practice percussion by placing > ne finger on the horse and striking it with th > fingers of the other hand, lie sure that you find the proper place, for it will always give a hollow sound. Then take a trocar and canula, such as is shown in the back part of this book, and push it through the opening made in the skin, and then, after it has cut its way to the gas, withdraw the trocar, h aving the canula through which the gas will escape very rapidly. Remove any substance, which may stop up the canula, with a probe, which should be provided before beginning the operation. "As soon as the gas escapes the abdomen will be reduced in size ; then take out the canula and the opening will close up. If it should he necessary to tap the second time on account of the gas being produced again, it is better to take a new place a short distance from tli ■ place first used, so as not to open it a second time in the same place; hut it is rarely necessary to perform this operation the second lime. This operation is not always certain to effect a cure, but may be r< sorted lo in extreme cases when everything else has failed, and when it is evident that the horse must die without it. We would recommend to get a phy- sician to perform the operation, if a good veterinary surgeon cannot be reached readily. C T1XS appear in the angle of the hoof near the heel, and are gener ally caused by the shoes being worn too long, causing the slu 11 of the hoof to grow ovt r the shoe, which allows the weight to press upon the sole; or the shoe gets moved from its proper position, or perhaps never was placed there. As a general rule, tlie production of corns may Vie laid lo the shoer. Upon cutting away the horn there will be found a red spot; but if very had, the color will he a dark purple, and it will be deeper seated. First Stage op Flatulent Colic. last stage op Flatulent Colic. Situation of a Corn. COUGHS. Treaimevt. — Press down the braised part until quite thin, and apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure quite freely, and then put on the shoe, so fitted that there will be no pressure on the part. Apply the .Spavin Cure for several days, if the above treatment tails (which it probably will not), theu dress down the bruised part, thin as before, and apply Kendall’s Blister (which will be sent by mail on receipt of 50 cts.), thoroughly rubbed in, and continue to apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure, as recommended in treatment of Bone Spavin. COUGHS. —A cough may be either acute or chronic. For different cases of coughs, see Bronchitis, Heaves, etc. Treatment. — We never yet have known of a case where the renovating powders, described on page 95, have failed to effect a cure. In some bad eases, or cases of long standing, they should be used freelj, and in some cases for a long time. ClliB-BITIKG. — This is a habit which is very unpleasant, and one which makes a horse unsalable, although not so serious a defect ns has been represented by some. The act of cribbing consists of the horse grasping or pressing against the edge of the manger, or any other convenient place, with his teeth, as stiown in the engraving; and then, after a convulsive action of the throat, there will hi1 heard a grunting sound, accom- panied by an apparent drawing in of air, although it is thought by many thai, instead of this, a small portion of gas is eructated after som. effort. Cause. - Unhealthy and poorly-ventilated stables, same- ness of food, indigestion, and many times it is the result of imitation, if they see it practised daily hy other horses. 'Treatment. — Take out the manger, and feed the horse from the lloor, I aving no fjjae. which is convenient for him to grasp with his teeth; this the most natural position in w hich a horse can take his food, and we be- lieve ii to be the b. in auy case, whether the horse lias this habit or not; but this alone might not prove effectual in al cases, and therefore we recoin mend lo place before the horse a lump of rock-salt, which wil many times effect a cure, especially if taken as soon as the first symptoms are noticed, which are many times preceded by the horse licking the manger out all over the surface which is in ins reach; if this does not prove effectual, place a lump of chalk before him. At- tend to ventilating the stable, so as to give the horse pure air; then give the renovating powders described on page 95, to improve the digestion and condition of the stomach. Some recommend a strap buckled around tbe neck, which will usually stop it if buckled tight; but this is very injurious to the horse. Others recommend a muzzle, with bars across the bottom, which are far enough upart to allow the horse to get his hay or grain, but not to grasp the edge of the manger. CUIJB. — This is one of the many diseases of the hock-joint, and consists of an enlarge- ment or gradual bulging out at tbe posterior part of tbe hock. (See engraving). The Act op Cribbing. Appearance op the Teeth op an Old Crib-biter. Cause. — Curb is generally caused by a strain from galloping on uneven ground, wrenching the limb, prancing and leaping, etc. It is one of the evils which occur among the better breed of Sound IIock. CURB. Curb. Bandage. BIBELOT, horses. Man delights in showing off the animal lie is mounted upon, and so it has ever been with man, woman, or child; they are always pleased by the prancing of the horse, which, never theless, is a very fruitful cause of curb. Pulling horses up suddenly on their haunches is asserted to be a frequent cause of curb. Treatment. — Perfect rest; if hot, bandage it and keep it constantly wet with cold water and saltpetre for a few days until the inflammation has ceased, then apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure two or three times a day, and rub well with fee hand. In some cases it is well to apply the bandage after each application of Ken- dall’s Spavin Cure, always applying the bandage as smooth as possible and rather tight. In very bad or very old cases we would recommend using Kendall’s Blister, as directed for Ring-Bone. DEBILITY. — This condition accompanies many diseases; for this reason, anything which has a tendency to reduce tire strength of the horse should be avoided while treating the various diseases, espe- cially of the chest. Symptoms of general debility are swelling of the legs, breast, belly and sheath. The horse is very weak, and staggers as he walks. Causes are bleeding in treating diseases, starving, and insuflicient and improper diet given to sick horses when they should have been supported by good and sufficient food during their sickne ss. Treatment. — Give the tonic renovating powders which we recommend under the head of Bots, two or three times a day, with a liberal amount of good feed and water, and allow him to recover wholly before putting him into hard work. DEFORMITIES IN YOUNG COETS are usually caused by an insufficient nourishment; but if the colt ' taught to suck milk from a bottle or something else, so as to become well nour- ished, deformities of the limbs will usually be removed. DIARRMCEA. — When this disease is not attended with pain, griping, or pawing, as in colic, it will generally requiie no treatment; but if it continues, and the horse shows signs of pain or colic, there is reason for the belief that there is some irritating poison retained in the bowels which does not pass away in the excrement. (See Dysenteky.) Treatment. — Treatment that will allay pain is demanded. Give twenty drops of tincture of aco- nite root in a little water, and follow with a powder as given below, every three hours, until the horse is better. Take prepared chalk five drachms, catechu (pulverized) one drachm, pulverized opium ten grains; mix, and give as stated above. Give plenty of good cold water to drink. When the diarrhoea is better, give bran mash for a few days, and add a little ground flaxseed, if convenient; then give the pow- ders advised for bots. DYSENTERY, ACUTE. — This dis- ease in the horse is very violent, because the length and size of the intestines of the horse render any disease within them a very serious affair. Cause. — Acute dysentery is caused by taking some acrid substance into the sto- mach, such as croton oil with aloes, which produce an inflammatory purgation; or from the injudicious use of various poisons such as tartar emetic, corrosive sublimate, blue vitriol, arsenic, etc., etc. Nearly all of these substances will be eaten readily if mixed with the grain, therefore any person not knowing the proper quantities of such poisons to give, should not venture to use them. Symptoms are obscure at the commencement. As in nearly all disorders of the intestines, so in this, there is pain in the abdomen. The pain may be slight at first, or it may be so violent as to be confounded with the pangs of colic; the thirst is excessive; the stench offensive. The position of the body, aa shown in the engraving, is expressive of abdominal pain. The Surest Method op Producing. Curb. Suffering from the Effects of a Powerful Poison. DISTEMPER, Treatment the same as for diarrhoea, with larger doses of opium when the pain is violent. Keep the horse and stable clean, and give the horse good care. Do not he concerned about the bowels if they do not move at all for several days. DISTEMPER (Strangles). — This form of sore throat is characterized by swelling between the bones of the lower jaw, which terminates in an abscess. Cause.—A specific poison in the blood, which but few horses escape. Treatment. — The opinions of different veterinarians vary in regard to the treatment, some recommending poultices, while others forbid it, etc., but the following plan is un- doubtedly as good one as any : — Give grass or soft feed, and procure the renovating powders and use as recommended for Pink Eye or Epizootic. If tlfbught best to do anything to hasten the suppuration, apply warm poultices, or some like blistering. The appetite will return when the abscess breaks or is opened. EPIZOOTIC. —This disease attacks many animals at the same time, and originates in one common cause; but just what this cause may be, it is very difficult to ascertain; yet it is evident that it is from a miasmatic influence, which has a tendency to spread rapidly over the country. Symptoms. — The attack is abrupt. There is debility, stupor, eyes half-closed, disinclination to move, cracking joints, deficient appetite, mouth hot, constipation, urine high-colored and scanty, pulse weak and a little faster than normal, deep, painful cough, trembling at times, hair rough, limbs and ears are alternately hot and cold. Soon there is a discharge from the nose of white, yellowish, or greenish matter, and the horse may recover, or complications may arise which are liable to cause death. Treatment. — Give the horse a good comfortable place, with good care and a good warm blanket. Give bran mashes and other proper nourishment, and then give the renovating pow- ders described on page 95, and continue their use freely until the horse is fully convalescent. The above renovating powders have been used in a very large number of cases, and have proved, beyond any doubt, that they are the very best medicine that could possibly be compounded for this disease; and we recommend, when epizootic is prevalent, to give them to all horses, as they will do no harm to any, and they will so renovate the system, and purify and enrich the blood, that horses taking these powders will not be so liable to have the disease, and the disease will be rendered more mild in those which do have it; the above result has been observed in other dis- eases. Kendall’s Spavin Cure is applied externally to the throat with good results. Caution.—Do not leave horses sick-with this disease without any extra care, or without proper medical treatment, for two reasons: first, it is cruel and inhuman; and second, it is not profitable; for the cases which are left to themselves are very liable to have some complications arise which will either cause death or leave the horse in bad condition, from which he may not recover for a long time, and perhaps never; but we never knew of the first case which did not fully recover when the above-named powders were given freely, with proper care of the horse. FARCY. — This is a scrofulous disease affecting the horse. Symptoms. — The hair looks rough and unhealthy; one of the legs will generally swell to a very large size, generally the fore leg —hot and painful — and in a short time will break out in small running sores, discharging a thin, unhealthy fluid, and sometimes the discharge is thicker. On the side of the neck, body, or inside of the leg, will be felt a thick substance under the skin, but somewhat elevated and hardened, and interrupted at distances with a small sore similar to that on the leg. In some cases soft, puffy swellings will be found about many parts of the body. Cause. — Poorly-ventilated stables, which are overcrowded with horses; inoculation from the virus of the glandered or farcied horses, and this virus producing a ferment in the blood. Absorption of pus into the blood is liable to produce either farcy, glanders, or some other zymotic disease. Treatment.—Understanding the cause of this disease you will readily see what the treat- ment should be —that by removing the cause the effects will cease. Give a tablespoonful of sulphite (not sulphate) of soda twice a day. This remedy will stop all fermentation and purify the blood. It would be well to continuo the sulphite of soda two or three times a week for a few weeks after the horse seems to be well. After leaving off the sulphite of soda give the renovating powders, as directed in the treat- ment for bots, freely, to improve the general condition of the horse. Give good and generous feed. Another plan is to give the following powders once a day: take sulphur eight ounces, salt- petre four ounces, black antimony two ounces; mix, and give one tablespoonful, and give the renovating powders twice a day. Another mode of treating this disease is to give two drachms of sulphate of copper every night, in the food, until the horse refuses to eat. After a few days, repeat; but if the case is bad, give the medicine as a drench in water, for ten days, if he will not take it in his food. Strangles. 56 FIRING HORSES. The horse, as well as all his clothing and articles used in feeding him, should be removed from all healthy animals, as this is one of the contagious diseases of the horse. FIRING HORSES. — I can fully indorse the following statements of Dr. Robt. McClure in regard to this inhuman practice, lie says: “This is an operation which is a great favorite, and in much repute among horse doctors. For my part I think it not only cruel and barbarous, but unnecessary, doing no good whatever, and in many cases a positive injury, the effects of which will never disappear from the legs and body while the animal lives. Firing is intended by its advocates to prevent and cure spavin, curbs, sprains, and ring-bones, by scoring the parts with a red-hot iron in lines over the part that is thought will be diseased or is already so.” (See Cautery.) FOOT DISEASES (Xavicular disease). — (See engraving on cover for location.) This is a serious disease, and is sometimes very obscure in its symptoms, according to the !the disease. Fortunately this disease met with, but it is a fruitful cause of nt lameness. It is many times attrib- ome difficulty in the shoulder. i s e. — Hard work upon pavements slight inflammation which is neglected, lorse kept at work so that the iuflam- ontinues until it ends in ulceration. ptoms are obscure and yet very much y of the symptoms of other diseases of and legs and shoulders. It is deter- hiefly by an undue amount of beat in and by the fact that no disease can be se whore or of a different character. if men t.— Raise the foot, and pour s Spavin Cure on to the frog, and the jack part of the foot and heel, and rub it well ip into the hair, repeating this process two or three times a day, for two or three weeks, or more, if necessary. In bud cases, if the lame- ness does not subside in two or three weeks, we would recommend to blister as recommended 'or Uino-Bone, and follow up with the use of a’endall’s Spavin Cure. The above treatment is proved to be the most satisfactory of any treatment know to us. Poultices sometimes relieve the pain. FOUNDER (Laminitis) . — This disease s inflammation of the sensitive laminae of the foot, of which there are two kinds, acute aud chronic, the latter being a continuation of the former. The acute form is invariably cured, if properly treated, but the chronic form is generally considered incurable; it can be relieved very much, but the feet are always after- wards sore and tender in front. Cause. — Allowing to drink cold water, when overheated and tired from overwork, standing in the cold air (or where the wind will strike tlie horse)- while warm, driving through a stream of water while warm, long aud hard drives over dry roads, etc. Symptoms. — The horse will stand upon his heels, with fore feet and legs stretched out as far as he can get them, so as to throw the weight off as much as possible; and he can scarcely be made to move. The horse has fever and considerable constitutional disturbance, in the acute form of the disease. Treatment {of acute founder). — Give the horse a good bedding of straw, in a large, well- ventilated stall, so as to encourage him to lie down, which, by removing the weight from the in- flamed parts, will relieve his sufferings very much, and assist in hastening the cure. As soon as his bed is lixed, give him twenty drops of the tincture of aconite root in a half-pint of cold water, poured into his mouth with a bottle, having a strong neck, and repeat this dose every four hours until six or eight doses have been given. Also apply a cloth wet in ice-water to the feet, and keep wet with the same for several hours, until the severe pain has been relieved. Wet the cloths often, and continue for two or three days, or longer if necessary. Give plenty of cold water to 1, the cannon bone; 2, the large pastern bone; 3, the small pastern bone; 4, the pedal bone; 5, the navic- ular bone; 6, the insertion of the extensor pedis tendon into the coronary process of the pedal bone; 7, the insertion of the flexor pedis perforans; 8, the elastic frog; 9, the horny frog; 10, the hoof; 11, the coronet. CHRONIC FOUNDER. drink. The above treatment should be adopted as soon as possible after the horse has been at- tacked with founder. Let the horse have rest until he has fully recovered. Give grass or mashes for two or three days, and then give a good and fair amount of feed. After the treatment recommended above, if there should still be tenderness, we would recom- mend the use of Kendall’s Spavin Cure to remove it, as directed for foot diseases. Although bleeding is quite strongly recommended by some, yet I am firmly of the opinion that the above plan, if properly carried out, will be much more successful. CHRONIC FOUNDER in its worst form is not curable, but may be palliated. The treatment should depend principally upon softening the hoof by oiling well with castor oil, and continuing to keep the hoof well oiled on the bottom and sides up on to the skin. We would also recommend in shoeing, to place a piece of sole leather which will cover the whole of the bottom of the foot under the shoe, and drive the nails through the leather so as to hold it as long as the shoe remains *n, then pack oakum or cotton-batting saturated with tar under the leather, so as to soften up the bottom of the hoof. This works admirably in many cases. Some pare the soles of the feet and then allow them to stand in about six inches of sawdust, wet a little every morning for two or three weeks. This is also a good plan to follow when horses are recovering from acute founder. The treatment most likely to effect a permanent cure is that recommended for Foot Dis- eases, which see. FRACTURE. — The term fracture is here used to signify a broken hone. A fracture is termed simple, when the bone only is divided; compound, when in addition there is an ex- ternal wound of the integuments communicating with it; comminuted, when the bone is broken or crushed into several pieces. The simple fracture is the only variety which calls for much notice, in view of the fact that it is usually of but little use to attempt to treat either of the other two varieties. Many cases of simple fracture may be successfully treated so that the horse will be useful for many purposes, if not I tuivuig. Symptoms. — A broken hone is usually detected quite easily, especially when it is a long bone of the leg, as the hors-- has uot the power to move, and also by the looseness of the leg. The horse is in great pain, e ovitement, sweating, etc. A Good Way to Sling a House when it is thought best to do so. Treatment. — If in the summer season, place the horse in the field or yard, but in winter in a large, comfortable stable or in the barn-yard, if well protected from wind and storm. Do not give too much bedding nor allow anything to be in the way of the foot, so that it can be carried without interruption. Give twenty-five drops tincture aconite root every five hours, for the first twenty or twenty-five hours, to lessen the fever and pain. Place the broken leg in a position as near like the other as possible in shape, and also (by 58 FROST-BITES actual measurement) to be of the same length, for it is by neglecting the measurement that some are left to unite shorter than the sound leg. When the leg is placed in the same shape and length of the sound one, apply a good coating of tar to the leg, around, belo-w, and above the point of fracture. Then wrap the whole leg in .carded cotton or coarse tow, and place over this splints cut out of pieces of boards, which will rest evenly upon the leg prepared as above, and fill all unevenness with the tow or cotton. Have three or four splints, so as to hold the leg in position constantly. Secure the whole by carefully applying a strong bandage, or by tying with soft cord, and make it perfectly secure, so that the horse will not move the leg where fractured before it has had time to unite. It is considered by some as bad practice to sling a horse from his feet in cases of fracture, and he will seldom put his foot to the ground until the fracture has united, so it is not necessary to sling. Examine the splints daily and see that they do not get loose. Give the horse a liberal amount of good feed and cold water. When the horse is kept in a stall it is well to make a hole in the floor, underneath the foot of the broken leg, so that he can stand with the leg at full length. With the splints properly applied, the horse may safely be left to himself, and nature will do the rest. FROST-BITES. — A state of numbness or torpifaction of apart of the body, caused by Intense cold, which, unless relieved by proper remedies, is liable to be followed by death of the part. Horses are most liable to be troubled with frost-bites on the heels and the hack part of the hind legs, which swell badly, and are sometimes mistaken for scratches. Treatment.—It is very important in the treatment of frost-bites that heat should not be applied suddenly, but that very cold water he applied, by which means the frost is extracted (lowly. Any frozen parts should not he rubbed until the frost has been extracted. After the heat has returned to the part, we know of nothing which we think will work better than Kendall’s Spavin Cure, applied several times, as by so doing the great pain and soreness Which is sure to follow is generally averted, and thus the had running sores which sometimes iollow are prevented. The above treatment is also well adapted to frost-bites on man. GLANDERS. — This disease is alike fruitful of evil to man and beast, and is generally (considered incurable. A horse may have latent glanders for years, and work well, the disease being during this time as contagious as in its developed state. Cause. — The cause is somewhat varied in different cases, and may be attributed to filth, starvation, or to debilitating diseases, as lung fever, catarrh, or any disease capable of generating pus, which, being absorbed into the circulation, forms a ferment within the blood. Symptoms. — The membrane lining the nostrils assumes a leaden or purple color, accom- panied by a thin, acrid, transparent, and odorless discharge. This is the first stage, during Which the general health does not suffer, and the horse may do his ordinary work. The discharge grows thicker, and sinks when placed in water. The membrane lining the nostrils will he found to have sores, ragged and depressed at the top, with varicose veins leading to them from all sides. The appetite fails, and the horse assumes an emaciated and dull appearance. He will he hide-hound, and his legs swell during the day and the swelling go down at night. The ulceration of the nose is very had, and the sores spread into his throat; the body also is aometimes afflicted with sores. The horse ultimately dies in a wasted condition. Treatment. — Host horsemen recommmed that the horse he shot as soon as it is decided that he is afflicted with glanders, as they consider the disease incurable. If the following treat- ment is adopted early it may prove successful in occasionally a case. Give from one-half to one ounce doses of sulphite of soda at night, in cut feed, for several Weeks, and five grains Spanish flies (powdered) with it. Give, at the same time, every morning and noon, a powder consisting of three drachms powdered gentian, and two drachms powdered sulphate of copper. Give the medicines for a long time, not only to cure the disease but to im- prove the general health. Give a good liberal feed, and change the feed often. GREASE HEEES. — This disease of the heels and legs of horses is characterized by a white, offensive, greasy discharge from the heels of the horse. The skin becomes hot, tender, and swollen, and sometimes sloughs away, leaving an ugly sore. Cause. —Sudden changes of the temperature of the earth, whether it he from heat to cold or from dry to wet. This disease generally follows wet streets, stables, or lands. Treatment. — Keep the legs dry and cleansed well with castile soap and soft water; then apply, once a day, verdigris one-half ounce, rum or i -oof spirits one pint; mix, and shake well before applying. Or apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure after washing well. Some use water one pint, sulphuric acid two drachms, corrosive sublimate one drachm; mix, and shake before using. Some cases will he cured by keeping clean, and applying glycerine four ounces, carbolic acid one drachm; mixed, and applied twice a day. While some cases are cured quite readily, others will not heal for a long time. Always use the renovating powders described on page 95. We never knew Kendall’s Spavin Cure to fail when used thoroughly. (See Scratches.) For obstinate cases use the following: Take one pound concentrated lye and dissolve it in two quarts water, and bottle for -use; when needed, pour a wine-glassful of the solution of lye into six quarts of cold water, and wash and bathe the heels for half an hour, night and morning, ry the heels often after the bathing, as they will become very moist. (See Scratches.) SKATES. HEAVES.“This disease is due to rupture and enlargement of the air-ceils of the lungs, s’hich lessens the value and usefulness of the horse. There is every degree of intensity to be seen in this disease, from the ease that is so slight that only the expert „an detect it, to the one where the patient iinds it very difficult to breathe, even when not being exercised. Cause.—In cases of heaves, horses are always greedy eaters; and it is generally found that they have been fed an enormous amount of hay or coarse food, which they are quite sure to eat if they can possibly find room for it. Heaves are never found in racing stables, where the horses are properly fed; consequently, it is but reasonable to attribute the cause to overfeeding with hay and coarse feed. Treatment. — Restrict the quantity of hay and increase the amount of grain feed, which will give the lungs increase of room to act. Give the renovating powders described on page 95 freely, and in large doses; and if these powders are con- tinued for a sufficient time, and the food properly regu- lated, it will be quite sure to cure nearly every case, and place the horse in excellent condition. Listening to the Sounds made Within the Windpipe, 1st. Assafcetida pulverized one ounce, camphor gum pulverized one-half ounce; mix, and divide into four powders; feed one every other night for a week. 2d. Resin two ounces, tartar emetic two ounces, Spanish brown two ounces, cayenne two ounces; mix, and give two teaspoonfuls twice a day in the feed. 3d. A horseman with whom I am acquainted says he has cured several cases of heaves with oil tar. He gives the ordinary case a teaspoonful every night or every other night, by pouring it on to the tongue, and then giving some grain which carries it into the stomach. He says he has given very bad cases two or three tablespoonfuls at a dose with grand results. HIDE-BOUND.— A term used to denote the adherence of the skin to the ribs when the horse is diseased. It usually arises from a deficiency in the quality or quantity of food, or is commonly an attendant on lingering diseases with impoverished blood. Treatment. — Give mixed feed — cut hay, bran and corn meal, wet with just enough water to cause the whole to keep together, and give the renovating powders described on page 95, three times a day for several days, and then continue twice a day until the horse is in good condition. HINTS ON FOOD. — 1st. The foundation of many diseases is laid in feeding all horses in the same proportions, without any regard to age, constitution, or the work which the horse is required to do. The impropriety of such a course is readily seen. 2d. Bad hay has not proper nourishment in it; therefore it would be poor policy to buy it simply because it is cheap, as it is often very dear in the end. 3d. Old horses will do better on chaff than on hay, as they can chew and digest it better. 4th. There is not sufficient nutriment in grass or hay alone to support a horse well under hard work. 5th. Corn which has been damaged is very injurious, as it will produce inflammation of the bowels and skin diseases. 6th. Oats and corn are the best nourishment if a horse is worked hard, bat if not, it should be chiefly hay, because corn and oats supply more nourishment and flesh-making material than any other kind of food; but hay not so much. 7th. For a coach horse, four to six quarts of good oats and eighteen pounds of good hay are usually sufficient. If a horse should be worked hard, he should have more of each; but if worked but little, .t, should have less. 8th. Chopped hay sprinkled with a little water, which has had a teaspoonful of salt dissolved in it, is quite pleasing to the taste of the horse, and is also more easily digested. 9th. Spring or well water is not usually as good for a horse as water from a stream or pond, as the former is usually hard and cold. 10th. Horses require and should have at least a pailful of water, morning and evening; or, what is better, give a half-pailful at four different times in a day, and before eating is preferable to after. 11th. A horse should not be driven or worked hard directly after he has had a full draught of water, nor soon after eating heartily, as exertion prevents digestion. 12th. Do not allow a horse to become accustomed to drinking warm water, for if compelled to drink cold at any time it will be liable to cause colic. 13th. Do not work or drive a horse if he refuses his food after drinking, until you have given him rest. 14th. Do not feed nor water a horse directly after his coming in very warm, but let him walk about until cool; groom him quite dry first, with a wisp of straw, and then with a comb and brush, and rub the legs well with the hand. When he is cool give him his grain. Favorite Receipts for Heaves HIP-JOINT LAMENESS. HIP-JOINT XiABII'NTh"fh—This disease is generally geen in young horses, and may be caused by rheumatism u' by so.no accident, although it is duo oftentimes to a hereditary taint. Symptoms. — The I g appears shorter, and, when the horse is standing, is placed slightly under the body and not doubkd up, or standing upon the toe, as is seen in d.seascs or hock-joint. In nearly ail cas-.s of so-called hip and whirl-bone disease, the true seat of disease will be found to be in th e hock-joint. (3ee Spavin.) In hip-joint lameness there is a dragging or swaying motion of the limb, outward. An.extra degr'-e of heat will be found over this joint. Treatment. — Give the horse absolute rest for a few weeks, and begin, when first allowed to rest, to apply cold water cloths over the hip-joint, which continue one or two days, or more, until the heat a .i t nderness have been removed. Then apply Kendall’s Spavin (hire two or three times a day for two or three weeks, or longer if necessary, and allow a wci k’a rest after slopping its use. I,sc our blaster if necessary. INFLAirSIATICN CP f T'C'TACT' cause l generally by some poison given to im- prove the coat of the animal. Borne persons are in a habit of giving powders composed of poiso - oi:s drugs to improve the general appearance or the horse, and which, if given in proper quantiti. a and sufficiently' diluted, so as not to come in con- tact with the coaling of l..e stomach while in i.a full str ngth, might perhaps do good in many cases, but when given by an ignorant pi rson, ilia soar.limes giv n ir t only lull strength, bat in large dost s, cn .the ; rincipb that, i. a lhtlo will do good, a larger amount v .11 do more good. rympt.mis. — The horse is frantic on account of the euccBslvo pain, but the symptoms are not dccid d in all can s. The following symptoms occur, but not all in each care, nor do they occur simultaneously: Great thirst, loathing of food, redness of the mem- branes, frequ-nt eructations, which smell bad; discharge of thick saliva, roiling; pawing, colic, Striking at the belly, panting, tucked-up flanks, quick and small puls -, passing mucous in large quantities, straining, looking at the abdomen, loss of strength, convulsions, madness, and death. Treatment. — Give at once two ounces tinc- ture of opium, one and one-half ounces sulphuric ether, and two ounces magnesia, in one quart of cold gr 1 or milk, and repeat if necessary. If corrosive sublimate is known to bo the poioon, give fifteen or twenty raw eggs with the above drench. INUXUENZA. — (See Pink-Eye and Epizootic.) An epidemic disease occurring in the Spring or Fall of the year. Buffering from Acute Inflammation of the Stomach. A Frequent Sight when it was the Custom to Bleed and Treat too Actively in thi3 Disease. Symptoms. — A chill, succeeded by increased heat of the body, and fever, cough, discharge cf mucous from the nose, loss of appetite, treat prostration, followed in a day or two with swell- INTERFERING. lna: of the legs, and, In some had cases, of the belly, breast, etc. These symptoms vary some in different cases. Treatment. — Cover the horso with a good blaakct, and place him in a good comfortable stable, wita proper ventilation, but not too cold. Gave twenty drops ox tincture of aconite root in a little cold water, every lour hours, until four or live doses have been given, and allow the horso plenty of good cold water to drink. The renovating powders recommended for Pink-Eye should bo given freely as recommended for that disease, as they are the best medicine that can be given for this disease, if given freely for a sufficient length of lime. INTERFERING.— This is usually the result of weakness of the horse, although the blacksmith is frequently blamed for it, and perhaps justly, sometimes, on account of being some- what cart less, when the interfering might Lave been avoided with a little care. Yet the cause is generally weakness. Treatment. — Give the renovating powder recom- mended for the treatment of bots, and feed well, and have properly shod. KIDNEYS, DISEASE OF. —The straddling gait, as represented in the engraving below, is not peculiar to any one disorder of the kidneys more than to another, but when it is seen it is always the result of some disorder of the kidneys. Gravel. — Calculi, stony or gritty matter formed in the kidneys, which passes off in the urine. It causes some irregularity in making water. Treatment. —Give thirty-live drops of muriatic acid, in a pailful of water to drink, and repeat twice a week. Eloody urine should be treated by placing warm water cloths over the back, above the kidneys, and giving flaxseed tea to drink, which will soothe the parts. When old horses are troubled with kidney diseases they can be In lped a great deal by giving soft feed, such as boiled or steamed feed, or newly cut grass, with flaxseed tea and plenty of good cold water to drink at all times. Give the r. novating powders described on page S3, to renovate the blood and whole system. Inflammation of tire Bladder. — Symptoms almost the same as those of inflammation of the kidneys. The tenderness is found when the horse is press: d upon, under the flanks. Treatment about the same as for inflammation cf the kidneys, which sec. Give a quart of raw lin seed oil or other ph}’sic, as for inflammation of the kidneys. Inflammation of the Kidneys is caused by poor provender, hard work, slipping, taking a sudden cell after a hard day’s work or drive, or aider being under the saddle for a long time; ar.d also, by an in diseriminat: use of nitre or other diuretics. TpmpiomS.— Qukkcncd and short breathing Bug—'stive of pain; more or less fever, with quick hard puls ; unwidingn: ss to move the hind legs whicl the rr.ime.1 siraddl a apart when he walks, as show: in the engraving above; looking anxiously around to L-s flanks; urine scanty ar.d hi h colored, and some liars blooclja The horse seldom lies down and al most refas-a to move about, ar.d crouches be neat’ pressure made ov r the kidneys, as shown in the engraving. This disease is sometimes confoundec with Colic, which sec. Treatment. — I)o not give any diuretics to in- crease the water, as they will do more harm than good. Use hot fomentations over tk • kidneys, am change th ■ c’oths often. In the first stage give twenty to for’v.fl.w grains of powdered opium, and fifteen grains of calomel, sprinkled on the tongue, and r< peat every four or two,for a few times, or while the acute stage continues. No food will l<; necessary during the acute stage of the disease, but it would b" well to set before the horse a pallfi t < ■ rot d 1. seed t a and allow him to drink all he will. If the pulse is quick and bard, as is usually the case, give twenty drops ef tincture cf aconite root, either between Symptoms of Diseases of the Urinary Organs. Test for Inflammation of the Kid- neys. 62 LAMENESS. doses of opium and calomel, or after it has been given, and repeat until the pulse becomes slower and softer. Then give the renovating powders described on page 95, to place the horse in good condition. Give the horse a month’s rest, and use carefully for some time. LAMENESS. — It occurs as a symptom in spavin, ring-bone, bruises, sprains, fractures, and many wounds and injuries, which we treat of in their proper places. We do not know of any remedy which equals Kendall’s Spavin Cure, for lameness of every kind, and it is equally good for lameness on man. LAMPEES (written also Lcimpass).—A swelling of some of the lower bars of a horse’s mouth; so named because formerly removed by burning with a lamp or hot iron. Treatment.—Pinch or cut the bars until they bleed, and then rub in a little table salt, which is much better than burning the mouth with a red-hot iron. HUNGS, DISEASES OF. — The lungs are subject to many diseases. Pneumonia (Lung Fever).—In this disease the substance of the lungs is inflamed, in- stead of the air passages, as in bronchitis. Symptoms. —The horse will oftentimes have a discharge from the nostrils, following a sud- den exposure to cold, after being kept in a warm stable, and then the disease is ushered in by a chill, followed by fever, which is increased for a short time; cold logs and ears; quick and wiry’ pulse; quick and difficult breathing; pain in the chest, which is aggravated by coughing; and a quivering of the muscles of the side and breast. The horse will not eat, and continually stands with his head down and ears lopped, and will not lie down nor move about; the nostrils are ex- panded. If the ear is applied to the side of the chest or neck, a peculiar creaking noise is heard. Cause.—Perhaps one of the most frequent causes is a hard or fast drive against a cold wind, after being taken from a warm, tight, and poorly- ventilated stable, where several horses have re- mained through the night; or some different alteration and sudden change of heat, cold, or moisture in an animal not accustomed to work, or in one not in proper condition to work. Treatment. —The stableshould be a comfortable place; not too cold, and yet ivell ventilated. Give the horse clothing according to the weather, but do not change from a heavy blanket to a light one, nor to one that is damp. Keep the legs warm with bandages. Give twenty-five drops of the tincture of aconite root, in a cupful of cold water, and repeat the dose every four hours, until five or six doses have been given, which will probably cause the horse to perspire freely. Care should bo taken not to allow the horse to stand in a draft of air. Do not bleed, as some recommend. It was my misfortune, in my early life, to place a horse sick with this disease, under the care of a so-called veterinary surgeon, who bled the horse freely, and directed to give him largo doses of Dover’s pow- der every four hours. I was not only the five dollars out which he charged me, but came very near being out a good horse. The horse was about ruined for life, and probably would not have lived but for my own timely interference, by supporting the horse with vigorous tonic and stimulating treatment. When th6 disease turned (as commonly expressed) the horse needed every drop of the blood which had been so cruelly taken from him. After the horse has taken sufficient tincture of aconite root, as soon as ho seems to have an appetite for food, a pint of crushed oats, thoroughly scalded, may be given during the day. Great care should be taken not to allow the horse a large amount of food at one time, which would overload the stomach, and might cause a return of the disease. Little and often must be the rule at first, and then the quantity may be increased, while the frequency is diminished. Do not give any hay for several days. Raw eggs and other nourishing and stimulating articles may be given, if the horse shows signs of great weakness. The nourishment should be in a concentrated form, and hay and grass should he kept from the horse for a few days, and then given in quantities small at first and grad- ually increased?— The horse will not lie down until improvement has taken place. The horse should be strengthened and built up by giving the renovating powders described on page 95, and Commencement op Inflammation OP the Lungs. Position Assumed in the Last Stage of Pneumonia. PINK-EYE tBese should be continued two or three times a day until the patient is past danger of being left with a chronic cough, or any other bad derangement; PINK-EYE. — The name “ pink-eye ” has been extensively used in this country during the severe epidemic which occurred in the Fall of 1881, to designate an epidemic distemper. This disease, although not by any means a new disease, prevailed to an alarming extent during the last epidemic; but it prevails moror less in some parts of the country in a milder form almost every Spring and Fall, and is mire likely to attack horses in crowded cities than those of the country. At times, it seems to be contagious, especially among young horses. It is a species of influenza. Symptoms. — At first the horse appears dull, with a disinclination to move; the knees tremble, the eyes are swollen and look reddish, especially in the inner corners, and the lids are also swelled and red; the eyes are quite sensitive to light, and are stuck up with pus. The membrane lining the nostril is red, and appears inflamed, as well as the membranes extending into the throat. More or less discharge from the nostrils, and swelling and tenderness of the glands of the neck and throat. There is considerable fever from the beginning, and the hind legs swell, first one, and then the other, and this swelling sometimes extends up to the sheath and along the belly. The tongue is foul, appetite poor, the urine scanty, bowels constipated, the saliva or matter runs freely, and it is with difficulty that the horse is able to swallow. In some cases, the swelling under the jaw suppurates and leaves an abscess. There is usually considerable loss of strength early in the disease. The cause seems to be a variable state of the atmosphere, or sudden changes from heat to cold or dry to vret, and as this may vary in its extent and character in different seasons, we find that there is some difference in the extent as well as the symptoms of different epidemics; that is, the cases which occur this year which may only extend over some particular part of the country, will have certain symptoms common to most of those it attacks, and which, perhaps, has not occurred in any epidemic for years. The disease often leaves the horse in a bad condition, and bronchitis, nasal gleet, or glanders may resjjlt from it. If the horse is not in much distress, coughs strong, does not appear weak, eats well, with a moderate pulse, and the discharge appears healthy, and of only moderate quantity, there will usually be but little danger if properly cared for; but if there is great prostration, with inordinate local and consti- tutional symptoms, the danger is very great. Treatment. — Blood-letting, as practised by some, is very injurious, and should never be practised ; but an entirely opposite plan adopted. Any person, who will take into consideration the state of the patient, will readily see that if prostrated, he should be strengthened and built up by proper remedies, nourishment, pure air, and good care. Give the patient a good place in a well-ventilated stable without any draught of ait which will reach him, with a good, clean bed of straw; and, if the weather is cold, be particular to blanket well. Give bran mashes, instead of solid food, for two or three days, or until som« improvement is manifest; and instead of giving cold water to drink, give a plenty of flaxseed gruel, especially if the throat symptoms are severe; or if the flaxseed cannot be obtained, use in- stead oatmeal gruel, which should be allowed in abundance, if the patient will take it, as he many times will, if placed where he can reach it easily. The discharge from the nose may be encour- aged by pouring boiling water onto one or two quarts of bran, ten drops of carbolic acid, a small handful of salt and hops all mixed together, and held under a tunneled-shaped piece of cloth or blanket, which will conduct the steam up to the head. Kendall’s Spavin Cure is one of the best applications to the throat that can be made, by applying it two or three times a day, and rubbing it down to the skin gently. We have given above the general outline of the management of the patient, but the most important part of the treatment is, to give the renovating powders described on page 95. These Eowders should be given as early as possible, and continued all through the disease until the orse regains its strength. If these powders are kept on hand, and given freely during an epidemic, the disease would be prevented in many cases, and rendered much more mild in those in which it did occur. The reason for this, is that it is the most perfect renovator of the blood known; and while it purifies the blood, it also invigorates and strengthens the patient, thus placing him in the best possible condition to battle disease. Another great reason why these renovating powders should be used freely, until the patient is fully convalescent, is to prevent the bad effects which many times follow' an attack of this disease which is not properly managed, and which many times leaves him ruined for life. PLEURISY. —This is an inflammation of the membrane covering the lungs and lining the cavity of the chest. Symptoms. — A chill, fever, an occasional painful and short cough, and careful breathing, and a disinclination to turn short. A peculiar line will usually be seen running from the hauneb, round the belly, to the breast-bone. The breath is not so quick and short as in inflam- mation of the lungs. Causes. — Broken ribs or wounds, and other causes similar to those producing lung fever. Treatment. —The treatment should be about the same as for Lung Fever. Feed well while the horse is convalescing, and give the renovating powders same as for Lung Fever. Abscess of the Lungs. — This is sometimes the termination of lung fever, and is very much to be dreaded. Treatment. — Should be the same as for Glanders, and the patient should be supported, if necessary, by giving raw eggs, tenics, stimulants, renovating powders, etc. NASAL GLEET. — This is a chronic discharge from the nostrils, of a whitish, muco. NAVICULAR DISEASE. purulent matter. It is generally caused by neglecting to treat catarrh and colds properly. The horse may look well and feel well, and the general health be quite good. Treatment. — (live a course of tonic renovating powders, and feed well. Powders like those recommended in the treatment of JBots will do well. NAVICULAR DISEASE. (See Foot Diseases.) * POLE EVIL. — This consists of a formation of pus like an abscess, and is familiar to all horsemen. Cause. — Disease of the bone or injury to the part. Treatment. — Open the swelling as soon as it has become a little soft, before the pus has had time to burrow down among the bones, and thus prevent the spread of the disease. Make a large opening so as to allow all,the pus to escape, and clean out well, if necessary, with a swab, so as to remove all the pus, and do this twice a day as long as any pus remains. Syringe out with a solution of carbolic acid, fifty drops to each pint of soft water. PROUD FLESH. —A name commonly used to describe an excessive growth of flesh on an ulcer, or excessive granulation. To cure this, sprinkle a little powdered blue vitriol or burnt alum on the surface. Kendall’s Spavin Cure is also excellent. QUITTOR. — A chronic abscess in the hoof, caused by a bruise or prick of the sole, or from the calk of one foot being pressed into the coronet of the other, confined pus from sup- puration, corn, etc. Symptoms. — The horse is very lame on account of the inflammation before suppuration takes place, but is relieved somewhat as soon as the quittor has burst. Treatment. — This should begin as soon as any lameness is discovered from any of the above named causes, and the inflammation stopped, if possible, before suppuration takes place. Kendall’s Spavin Cure, applied freely to any of the injuries which result in quittor, will prevent this termination, if applied in season; but if it is not cut short, then keep clean and apply a solution of carbolic acid one ounce, to water, one quart. Poultices of flaxseed meal are sometimes very useful. RHEUMATISM. — In acute rheumatism there is great excitement and fever, with severe pain in the legs and joints. This pain is so severe that the horse hardly dares to move from the place he occupies, on account of the extreme pain which it causes. He has no unnatural heat in the feet, as in founder. Cause. — Exposure to a draft of cold air when a horse has been heated, thus suddenly check- ing perspiration. Treatment. —Place the horse in a good, comfortable stable, as soon as possible after it is discovered that he is afflicted with acute rheumatism, and commence the following treatment: Give the horse about twenty-five drops of the tincture of aconite root, every four hours, until five or six doses have been given. Cover with a blanket, and give the horse general good care. Give the following powders as soon as the tincture of aconite has been given : Bicarbonate of soda four ounces, sulphur eight ounces, saltpeter powdered four ounces; mix, and divide into eight powders, and give two or three times a day, according to the severity of the case, and repeat if necessary. Apply Kendall’s, Spavin Cure to the joints, or to any part which swells or is tender. Give the renovating powders to improve the general condition, as directed on page 95. Chronic Rheumatism. —This is a frequent cause of lameness, and it is oftentimes quite difficult to decide fully as to the cause of the lameness. Treatment. — For this form of the disease we recommend the same powders as given above for acute rheumatism, and also the renovating powders, only to be continued a longer time, and to apply the Kendall’s Spavin Cure to the afflicted parts. Only a small quantity need be used at a time, but it should be rubbed well down to the skin, and continued for several weeks, if it should be necessary to continue so long. The Kendall’s Spavin Cure, used twice a da}-, is also the best external remedy we know of for this disease in man; but it should be used for some time, as the disease, when of long standing, cannot be.cured in a few days. It may be applied, a small quantity at a time, and continued for from one to three or four weeks, if necessary. RING-BONE. — (For position see plate of skeleton.) Ring-bone is the result, usually, of weakness, hereditary predispositiou, or of a peculiar formation of the pastern joints which makes them poorly adapted to hard work; and therefore a provisional callus (or bony substance) is thrown out as a provision of nature to strengthen parts which are too weak. Only slight injuries to such a joint as we have described above will in many cases result in the growth of a ring-bone. Treatment. — The treatment of ring-bone has been very unsatisfactory in the past and is still attended with much difficulty in some cases, especially those of long-stand inland on old horses; yet we feel certain that the following treatment will prove successful in a large share of cases, if persevered in. We find many persons who expect a cure too soon, and condemn the best treatment possible before they have used it long enough for it to have any effect whatever, and therefore we say, if you would treat ring-bone successfully, never stop in a few days, as so serious an affection cannot be removed in so short a tirrie. If it is of recent origin, and the horse is young, we feel confident that nearly all such cases can be cured with a proper use of Kendall’s Spavin Cure; but if the case is of long-standing, and on an old horse, the chances of a cure are SADDLE GALLS. lessened, and therefore we find it necessary in many cases to use, with the Spavin Cure, Kendall’s Blister, as per direction on the bottle. In using the Kendall’s Spavin Cure, clip the hair over the bunch, and apply from every other day to two or three times a day as seems to work best; rub well with the hand often. In most cases it would be well to apply soft soap, once in four to ten days, to soak up the scab; then clean off and apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure again. In some very bad cases, where the Spavin Cure does not seem to remove the bunch and lameness, after using one bottle, it would be best to use our Blister, followed by the application of Kendall’s Spavin Cure every day for two or three weeks, when the Blister can be repeated, if necessary. In using Kendall’s Blister, clipo the hair over the hunch, and rub in the Blister well for ten minutes or more. Put on some sweet oil or other grease in two days. When the inflammation subsides, wash with castile soap and warm water, and when it is dry apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure as directed on bottle. If the case does not yield in two or three weeks, use the Blister again as before, followed by the Spavin Cure in two or three days. Tie up the horse’s head for a few hours after the Blister has been ap- plied. We would say that this Blister works admirably alone in many cases (not only for ring-bone, but also for spavins, curbs, etc.), and is par- ticularly of great value in connection with the Kendall’s Spavin Cure for old and bad cases which do not seem to yield to the use of the Spavin Cure alone. (Where the Kendall’s Blister cannot be had of your druggist, send 50 cts. to Dr. B. J. Kendall Co., Enosburgh Falls, Vt”, ; ml i' y will send a box by return mail.) Give the horse a few weeks’ rest after the cure seems to be complete. SADOBE GAT.ES are sores produced by the saddle or by any other part of the harness. Treatment. — The cause should be removed by attending to the saddle or other part of the harness, and adjusting it so as to remove the pressure. Kendall’s Spavin Cure is used with ex- cellent success for all such sores by applying a small quantity twice a day. If the Kendall’s Spavin Cure cannot be obtained, get at a drug store kfhdanum two ounces, tannin two drachms, and mix and apply twice a day. SCRATCHES. — An inflammation of the skin of the heel of a horse, the first appearance of which is usually a dry and scurvy state of the skin of the heel, with redness, heat, and itching. (See Grease Heel.) Treatment. — Wash the affected parts clean with castile soap and warm soft water, and dry, then use glycerine eight ounces, carbolic acid one drachm, mixed and applied twice a day; wash- ing as above, when necessary, to keep the parts clean. One of the best remdies known for scratches is to apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure two or three times a day, and if the blood is not in a very bad condition, it is sure to cure in a short time, if the parts are kept properly cleansed. In most cases the blood is not in very good condition, and for all these cases the renovating powders described on page 95 should be given freely to purify the blood. It is always safe to give these powders; and they not only cleanse the blood, but always put a horse in good condition, so he feels well. SHOULDER LAMENESS. — This is common among young horses when plowing in the furrow, or it may result from a slip sidewise by a horse of any age. Horses in cities are especially liable to this difficulty. The muscles of the shoulder, and sometimes the shoulder-joints, are involved. Symptoms. —Heat, tenderness, and sometimes swelling of the parts. It is sometimes difficult to ascertain the exact location of the lameness, but by making a thorough examination of all parts and finding no lameness, heat, or tenderness in other parts, it will be quite certain that the diffi- culty is located in the shoulder, especially if it is found hot and tender. The horse steps shorter with the sound leg than with the lame one, which he drags along. In nearly ail diseases of the foot the horse stretches the leg out straight forward, but in shoulder lameness it will be carried out more from the body. Treatment. — The horse should have entire rest, and the shoulder should have cold water cloths applied to it for two or three days, and changed frequently. As soon as the heat has been reduced, the cold water cloths may be left off, and Kendall’s Spavin Cure applied twice a day for a few days, or until the lameness subsides. In some cases Kendall’s Blister would work ad- mirably. In applying the Blister, place it where the friction from the collar will not affect it. Allow the horse a rest of two or three weeks after the cure seems to be complete and the treatment is stopped. SHOULDER-JOINT LAMENESS. — This difficulty, being located in the joint, is much more serious than the shoulder lameness just described, and it is more difficult to effect a perfect cure of it. Symptoms.—The animal drags the leg, with the toe on the ground, and throws the leg out in attempting to move it. It is with great difficulty that he can raise his foot. Ring-Bone. 1. The joint between the pastern bones. 2. The joint between the lower pastern (or small pastern) and the coffin-bone. SIDE BONES, Treatment. —If the treatment is not put off too long, a cure may reasonably be expected, if the following directions are followed: This disease Sing similar to a spavin in the hock-joint, should ve similar treatment. If the part is very hot, re- duce the temperature by cold cloths as recommended for Shoulder Lameness, or perhaps hot fomenta- tions may work well instead ot the cold ; then apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure two or three times a day, as direct d for Spavin. If, after one bottle of Spavin (..'ure has been used, the case docs not improve as fast as is thought it should, use Kendall’s Llister, as recommended for IIing-Bone, and follow it with the Spavin Cure as before. (See aiso Treatment op Spavin.) Give the horse a good bedding with dry saw- dust, or some soft bed for his frontfeet to stand on, as he will bo liable to stamp on the floor with his foot, and in this way you will avoid the concussion to the shoulder. _SIBE HONES.-—This is a species of ring-bone. The side cartilages of the joint become ossified, but do not extend around as in ring-bone. The treatment should he the same as for lilNG-BONE. STUN DISEASES. — There are many different varieties of skin diseases, and yet many seem to be produced by the same causes but present different appearances in different horses. Baldness. — This is produced by faulty digestion sometimes, when small pimples appear in abundance and contain a fluid. In this form turn the horse to grass, or give soft feed and the renovating powders described on page 95. When caused by blisters, burns, etc., if the true skin has not been d'estroyed, apply, three or four times a week, the fol- lowing mixture : glycer- ine four ounces, tincture of cantharides two ounces; mixed. Some cases do well by using the following Iodine one drachm, lard two ounces; mix and rub down to the skin twice a week. Mange, Itcli, etc. — These are contagious diseases, caused by an insect burrowing in the skin. Symptoms. — The horse rubs himself against anything he can got at. Small pimples are seen about the head and neck and under the mane. The hair falls off and leaves the skin exposed, with rea coiorea points ana nssuxes. i no skin becomes dry and bald, and there is great itching. Treatment. — Give the horse a good scrubbing, with a coarse brush, and then wash him well with castile soap and water, and dry carefully. As soon as the horse is thoroughly dried, apply an ointment made as follows: sulphur four ounces, lard ten ounces, carbolic acid one-half ounce; mixed. This disease being contagious, persons should he careful to have everything used about the horse thoroughly cleansed and subjected to great heat, by steaming or boiling, to destroy the insect which is the cause of the disease. It would be well to apply some of the ointment given above to parts of the stall, rubbing-posts, etc. SOHES. —Of the great variety of sores many are what might he termed healthy sores, while others become unhealthy. The former are best treated with tincture of opium two ounces, tannin one drachm; mixed, and applied in small quantities two or three times a day. The un- healthy sore is best treated by cleansing the sore and applying Kendall’s Spavin Cure twice a day. * In some cases, where there is proud flesh, cauterize the part with nitrate of silver or blue vitriol, and, after a few hours, apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure. Kendall’s Spavin Cure has given entire satisfaction whenever used, to our knowledge, for healthy or unhealthy sores on man or beast. It should he used by applying a small quantity directly into the sore after it has been cleansed. Dragging the Forward Foot an Indi- cation op Shoulder Lameness. The Mange Insect. fcjYMPToaia ox Mange. SPAVIN, SPAVIN. (For location see cut of skeleton). — In nearly all cases of lameness in the hind leg the seat of the disease will he found to be in the hock-joint, although many persons (not hav- ing had experience) locate the difficulty in the hip, simply because they cannot detect any swelling of the hock-joint; but in many of the worst cases there is not seen any swelling or enlargement for a long time, and perhaps never. Bone Spavin is a growth of irregular bony matter from the bones of the joint, and situated on the inside and in front of the joint. Cause. — The causes of spavins are quite numerous, but usually they are sprains, blows, hard work, and, in fact, any Cause exciting inflammation of this part of the joint. Hereditary predisposition in horses is a frequent cause. Symptoms. —The symptoms vary in different cases. In some horses the lameness comes on very gradually, while in others it comes on more rapidly. It is usually five to eight weeks before any enlargement appears. There is marked lameness when the horse starts out, but he usually gets over it after driving a short distance, and if allowed to stand for a while, will star! lame again. There is sometimes a reflected action, causing a little difference in the appearance over the hip joint, and if no enlargement has made its appear- ance, a person not having had experience is very liable to be deceived in regard to the true location of the difficulty. The horse will stand on either leg in resting in the stable, but when he is resting the lame leg ho stands on the tc If the joint becomes consolidated, the horse will be stiff in the leg, oui may not nave much pain. Treatment. — That we may not be misunderstood in regard to what we mean by a cure, we would say that we mean to stop the lameness, and in most cases to remove the bunch on such cases as are not past any reasonable hopes of a cure. But we do not mean to be understood that in a case of anchylosis (stiff-joint) we can again restore the joint to its original condition; for this is an impossibility, owing to the union of the two bones making them as one. Neither do we mean that, in any ordinary case of bone spavin which has become completely ossified (that is, the bunch become solid bone), that, in such a case, the en- largement will be removed. In any bony growths, like spavin or ring-bone, it will be exceedingly difficult to determine just when there is a sufficient deposit of phosphate of lime so that it is completely ossified, for the reason that in some cases the lime is deposited faster than in others, and therefore one case may be com- pletely ossified in a few months, while in another it will be as many years. The cases which are not completely ossified are those that we claim to remove. Some of this class which we have seen removed were large bone spavins of several years’ standing, and we think that a large per cent, of cases are not fully ossified for several months or years. We are well aware that many good horsemen say that it is impossible to cure spavins, and, in fact, this has been the experience of horsemen until the discovery of Kendall’s Spavin Cure. It is now known that the treatment which we recommend here will cure nearly every case of bone spavin which is not past an}" reasonable hopes of a cure, if the directions are followed, and the horse is properly used. In using Kendall’s Spavin Cure apply it two or three times a day, until the lameness has all subsided, and then gradually decrease the quantity used, or only apply it once or twice a day. If it is necessary to use the horse much, apply only at night. When the enlargement has been removed, the medicine may be left off, and the horse should have several weeks’ rest. Although some horses can be put at light work as soon as the cure is complete, yet we would recommend that all be allowed to rest for several weeks. Some have an erroneous idea, thinking that, in using a bottle of Kendall’s Spavin Cure, it makes no difference about the time taken to apply it, and therefore have used the whole of a bottle in two or three days, and, as they see no perceptible change, they discard the medicine before it has had time to take any effect. To such we would say, only a little will be absorbed, and the remainder goes to waste; therefore apply it only over just the size of the spavin, and enough to wet it well, for two or three times, at each application, and rub it well down to the skin each time, with a small swab, or the finger, until it has been absorbed, and repeat this two or three times a day and continue using the medicine until the cure is complete, which takes usually from two to eight weeks, or longer, according to the age and condition of the spavin. Much also depends upon how the horse is used. Bone Spavin. Natural action. Leg brought forward. Etfect of a bad spavin, Leg not brought forward. In some very bad and old cases, If the lameness does not subside after using one bottle of Kendall’s Spavin Cure, it would be well to apply Kendall’s Blister as directed on box, and follow up with Kendall’s Spavin Cure for two or three weeks, and repeat the Blister several times if necessary. The Blister is not, like some we have seen, so powerful as to destroy the skin and other tissues; yet it is very well adapted, when used with Kendall’s Spavin Cure, to the treatment of old and bad cases which do not seem to yield with the Spavin Cure alone. (We will send our Blister by mail to any address on receipt of price, 50 cts.) After a few days’ use of Kendall’s Spavin Cure, a thick, firm scab is usually formed, which if pulled off will take the hair with it; yet it does not effect the growth of the hair. The better way is to apply soft soap to soften up the scab, and in two or three hours wash well, and when dry apply again as before. (See Testimonials, and other information in another part of this book.) * We give no other treatment, as our experience with various other remedies, including blisters, liniments, etc., has been very unsatisfactory, as has been the experience of horsemen all over the world; but Kendall’s Spavin Cure, when properly used, has given entire satisfaction. (See “ Our Experience with Bone Spavin,” on page 80 of this hook.) Occult Spavin. — This is similar to bone spavin in its nature, the difference being that the location is within the joint, so that no enlargement is seen, which makes it more difficult to come to a definite conclusion as to its location, and consequently the horse is oftentimes blistered and tormented in nearly all parts of the leg but in the right place. The causes and effects are the same as in bone spavin, and it should be treated in the same way. These cases are often mistaken for hip disease, because no enlarge- ment can be seen. Bog Spavin. — The location of this kind of spavin is more in front of the hock-joint than that of bone spavin, and it is a soft and yet firm swelling. It does not generally cause lameness. Treatment. — Use Kendall’s Spavin Cure, as directed for bone spavin) and, if the enlargement is not removed in two to four weeks, apply Kendall’s Blister, as directed for bone spavin, and continue the Spavin Cure. Blood Spavin. — This is similar to bog spavin, but more extended, and generally involves the front, inside and outside of the joint, giving it a rounded appearance. The swelling is soft and fluctuating. Young horses and colts, especially if-driven or worked hard, are more liable to have this form of spavin than older horses. Treatment.—For this form of spavin (especially bad cases) we would recommend our Blister, to be applied every two weeks for a few times, and the Spavin Cure to be used between times of blistering, as recommended on box. Rub well, with the hand, often. SPLINT. — This is a small, bony enlargement, and generally situated on the inside of the fore-leg about three or four inches below the knee- joint, and occurs frequently in young horses when they are worked too hard. Treatment should be the same as for bone snavin. which see. SPRAIN. — By this is meant the sudden shifting of a joint farther than is natural, but not so as to produce dislocation. Every joint is liable to sprain by the horse falling, slip- ping, or being overworked. These cases cause a great deal of trouble, oftentimes producing lameness, pain, swelling, tenderness, and an unusual amount of heat in the part. Treatment. — Entire rest should be given the horse, and if the part is found hot, as is usually thei case, apply cold watei cloths, changing frequently, for from one to three days until the heat has subsided, when apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure, twice or three times a day, rubbing well with the hand. If the fever is considerable, it might be well to give fifteen drops of tincture of aconite root, three times a day, for one or two days, while the cold water cloths are being applied. Allow the horse a rest of a few weeks, especially in bad cases, as it is very difficult to cure some of these cases, unless the horse is allowed to rest. SPRUNG KNEES. —There exists considerable difference of opinion in regard to the cause of this defect. Investigations show a permanent shortening of the ligaments at the hinder part of the knee. Treatment.—The best treatment known to us, and wc believe the best that can be adopted, is to have the place where the horse stands highest under the hind feet, by placing a good quantity OCCULT SPAVIN. Blood Spavin. 1. A splint near the knee. 2. A low splint. 3. A small bony growth on the front of the leg, also called splint. STAGGERS. of bedding for him to stand on back of the fore feet; then have the horse shod with a high heel, or shoes which grow thicker from toe to heel. Apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure over tiie ligaments at the hinder part of the knee-joint, extending to each side as far as the ligaments are feit, and apply it from above the joint down one-third the distance to the fetlock; also apply it in front of the joint when there is any thickening or any unnatural enlargement there. The Spavin Cure is also one of the best remedies known for cockled ankles, and should be applied in front and around the joint at night; or if the horse is not being worked, it may be used, if preferred, two or three times a day. STAGGERS.— A disease of horses, resulting from some lesion of the brain, which causes a loss of control of voluntary motion. As it generally occurs in fat horses which are well fed, those subject to these attacks should not be over-fed. The cause is an undue amount of blood flowing to the brain. Treatment. — The aim of the treatment should be to remove the cause. In ordinary cases give half a pound of epsom salts, and repeat if necessary to have it physic, and be careful about over- feeding. In mad staggers, it would be well to bleed from the neck in addition to giving the epsom saits. STIFLE-JOINT TAMENESS. — This is not of very common occurrence, but occurs occasionally in colts kept on uneven ground, which in- duces dislocation of the stifle, or patella, which slips off from the rounded heads of the bones when the horse steps. It sometimes occurs in horses which are kept on had food, or in those which are constitutionally weak. Symptoms. — The horse stops suddenly and ex- tends one hi the hind legs backwards. The pastern is flexed and the head raised, as shown in the engraving, and there is a swelling upon the outer side of the stifle- joint, with great pain. It sometimes occurs in colts on the slightest cause. Treatment.—Any flurry may restore the bone to its propel- place in colts, but for cases which do not become replaced, in colts or horses, get into a shed and fix a rope to the pastefn as shown in the engraving, and throw the other end.over a beam. Then while one person pulls the leg upward and forward, another should stand by the quarters and push the dislocated l'-atclla inward with both hands. Feed well, and give the horse five or six weeks’ rest, or place hint in a level pasture, and have him shod with a piece o iron projecting from the toe especially if the toe has been worn off. Apply Kendall’s Spavin Cure over the stifle, as directec for spavin, to remove the sore ness and pain. SWEENEY (Atrophy) — This is a wasting away o; the muscles of the shoulder and is said to bo caused by some disease in the foot or leg Tj eaimanti — Treat any disease found in the foot or leg as directed in other parts of this book. Apply to the shoulder soft soap with a little salt added, four or live times a week, and rub well. We have been informed that Kendall’s Spavin Cure would cure this disease. TIIOROUGHPIN.—An affection accompanying blood spavin, and generally caused by excessive labor. Symptoms. — A round tumor going through the leg and appearing on the outside and in front of the joint of the hock. Tho'roiigiipin is the same disease as blood spavin, on a more ex- tensive scale, causing the enlargement to extend through the joint from one side to the other. Treatment. — Same as for Blood Spavin, which see. TUMORS are swellings or enlargements of any part of the body. They vary according to their situation and nature. Patella, ok Whirlbone Displaced. The Manner oe Replacing the Patella. WATER FARCY. Treatment.—The treatment varies -with different horsemen. And we would say that in some cases it.might be best to have them cutout, and yet there are many other cases which can bo lemovec. by tae us# or Kendall’s Spavin Cure, applied as directed for spavin. Wcnow have in nund a case or a bony tumor which had been sawed off by a surgeon, but, from some cause, con- tinued B?ov'r >. attcr it had again reached quite a large size, the owner of the horse began to use Kendall s bpavm Cure, and, after he had used one or two bottles, told us that the tumor was nearly removed, and on examination we found it quite difficult to detect it. WATER FARCY is the result of weakness in the old, and of inflammatory action in the young. By long continued labor, from twelve to eighteen hours each day, the horse, already debilitated, is by abuse made a flt subject for water farcy. It is the custom of some to feed largely, on Saturday night , and not to visit again until Monday morning, when they are liable to And the animal, so cruelly treated, with one swollen leg. The horse holds the leg up as seen in the engraving, and will generally be lame. He is in too much pain, and is too tired to eat, but will be very thirsty on account of the agonies which his cruel treat- ment has brought upon him. When water farcy occurs, let it be under- stood that it is because the horse has been worked too long and too hardly, and that if the animal is not better cared for, Farcy will be the result. Treatment. — Let the work be lighter, the nourishment sufficient and of better quality, and the stable kept clean and well ventilated. Lead the horse out two or three times a day for gentle exercise. As soon as the limb will hear friction, let it be well rubbed with the hands, and this repeated often. Bathe with cold water and rub dry. If the lameness and swelling continue, take two parts of alcohol, and one of Kendall’s Spavin Cure; mix, and bathe the leg with the mixture and rub well. Then take iodide of potassium one drachm, pulverized gentian one drachm, pulverized ginger one drachm, sulphate of iron one drachm, linseed meal two ounces; make into a hall, and give at one dose, repeating every day for several days. Prepare the above balls as they are wanted each day, because the iodide of potassium should he kept in a vial until it is wanted for use. Always begin the treatment as soon as possible. Give the renovating powders, described on page 95, for two or three weeks, or until the system has been thoroughly renovated. ■WIND GAFFS. —Soft swellings or enlargements just above the fetlock joints, which are caused by over-exertion or by sprains. They are of a similar nature to blood spavin, and may he treated in the same way; or place exactly on the wind galls pieces of cork covered with cloth large enough to press them down, and wet with Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and keep the corks pressed on the galls by the use of a rubber bandage, only removing it when the horse is used and when it is necessary to wet the compress. AddIv onlv a little of Kendall’s Snavin Cure to the compress,"and he careful not to have it so tight as to cause strangulation of the, leg, hut only as tight as can ho without causing strangulation. Remove the eoVnpress as soon as there are any signs of soreness, and bathe, once or twice a day, with the Kendall’s Spavin Cure, until ail soreness has subsided. Care should he exercised in the use of tho compress, or sores may he produced. (See directions for the treatment of Blood Spavin.) WORMS. — There arc several kinds of worms which infest the horse, some of which iroduce a vast amount of mischief. Tenia (Tape Worm.)—These trouble the 3'oung mostly, and are usually caused by starving the mare when with foal, and by breeding from old animals. The dam and sire should he in perfect health if a valuable colt is desired. Gentle work is always better for the mare than to remain without work. Symptoms. — When tape-worm is present, there is checked development, large head, long legs, ravenous appetite, unhealthy coat, thin body, fetid breath. The colt picks and bites its own hair, rubs its nose against a wail, or strains it violently upwards. The Driver's First Visit on Monday Morning. The horse rubs his nose violently afrainst a wall when there is irritation from worms. LUMBRICI. 71 'Treatment. — Give spirits of turpentine. For a colt three months old, give from one-fourth m one-half ounce; six months old, one-half to one ounce; one year, one to one and one-half ounces; two years, one and one-half to two ounces; four years, three to four ounces. Also procure one pound of quassia chips, and pour three quarts of boiling water on them; then mix a proportional dose of the quassia infusion with the turpentine, and cause it to blend together by stirring in well with yolks of eggs. Add twenty grains of powdered camphor gum, and give the dose the first thing in the morning. Feed well afterward, and give every morning until the coat is glossy, muriated tincture of iron, from one to ten drachms, according to age, and also Fowler’s Solution, from one-fourth to three drachms. Give the renovating powders, described on page 95, freely, until in good condition. Lumbrici. — Long, round worms, which are sometimes seen eighteen inches long. They prey upon the weakly whether old or young. Treatment — Give one drachm tartar emetic, worked into a ball with linseed meal and flour, every morning, until the desired effect is accomplished. Or give calomel three drachms, tartar emetic one drachm; mixed, and made into three balls, to be given at night for three nights; and give, one day after the last ball, a good purging ball, or one and one-half pints of raw linseed oil, to act as physic; then give the renovating powders, which are described on page 95; or these powders alone, when given freely or in sufficient quantities to loosen the bowels, and then in the ordinary dose for some time, work nicely. Fin Worms. — This variety of worms inhabits the rectum, and causes great itching poste- riorly. which causes the horse to rub its hair off against the wall. Treatment. — Most medicines are deprived of their activity because they do not reach the rectum; therefore it is best to treat with injections which will come directly in contact with the parasites. Take one ounce catechu and a quart of water, and when dissolved, give as an injection, and repeat for seven mornings. On the eighth day give a mash; at night follow with one-half ounce aloes, and one drachm calomel. Repeat the above if necessary. Injections of tobacco smoke work well. The renovating powders, referred to on page 95, should be given freely after the above treatment. YELLOW WATERS. — This affection is the result of liver disease, and has derived its name from the characteristic color of the membranes of the eyes, nose, and mouth, which have a peculiar yellowness that is caused by the liver being diseased, so that its natural functions are not properly performed, and a large amount of bile is thrown back into the blood, instead of being carried off in its natural way, and only eliminated partially through the kidneys. It occurs more often in horses which are highly fed and have nothing to do, than in any others. Treatment. — Give ginger two drachms, powdered mandrake root one drachm, powdered aloes four drachms; mix, and give at one dose. Feed the horse with soft feed and grass to loosen the bowels. Repeat the above dose as often as shall be necessary, which in most cases, perhaps, would be about every other day. Give also, two or three times a day, the renovating powders described on page 95, and continue their use until improvement is noticed. DOSES FOR THE HORSE, Name op Drug. Action and Use. Dose. Antidote. Aloes. Alum. Anise Seed. Aqua Ammonia. Arsenic. Laxative and Tonic. Astringent. Aromatic and Stomachic. Stimulant and Antacid. ( Alterative and Tonic. Used for Par- ) ( alysis, Mange, etc. j Anti-spasmodic, Coughs, etc. 1/2 to 1 OZ. 2 to 3 drs. % to 2 ozs. 1 to 4 drs. 1 to 5 grs. Vinegar. Magnesia and oil. Assafcetida. 1 to 3 drs. Bicarbonate of \ Potash. j ( Diuretic and Antacid. Good for ) / Rheumatism. ( 3 to 5 drs. 1 Vinegar and raw f Linseed Oil. Bismuth. For Chronic Diarrhoea, etc. 14 to 1 oz. Black Antimony. Promotes the Secretions. V* to ¥2 dr. J Infusion of oak bark. 1 Give also lins’d oil. Blue Vitriol. Astringent and Tonic. 1/, to 1 dr. Eggs, Milk, etc. Calomel. Cathartic. 10 to 40 grs. Eggs and Milk. Camphor. Anti-spasmodic. y2 to 1 dr. Cantharides. Diuretic and Stimulant. 3 to 6 grs. Carbolic Acid. Externally and Disinfectant. Eggs; soap; gruel. Castor Oil. Cathartic. % to 1 pt. Cayenne. Stimulant and Carminative 5 to 25 grs. 72 DOSES FOR THE HORSE, Name oe Deus. Action and Use. Dose. Antidote. Chlorate of Pot- ) ash. j Diuretic. Given for Bloating, etc. % to 2 drs. Copperas. Tonic and Astringent. y2 to Wo drs. Croton Oil. Powerful Purgative. 10 to 15 drops. Opium. Digitalis leaf. Sedative and Diuretic. 10 to 20 grs. Stimulate. Epsom baits. Cathartic and Febrifuge. 2 to 8 ozs. Ether. Fowler’s Solution. Anti-spasmodic. ) Used for Skin Diseases. See Aese- 1 y2 to 2 ozs. 1 to 4 drs. ( Hydrated Peroxide '( Nic, a preparation of. ( ( of Iron. Gentian Root. Tonic. ( Tonic, Stimulant, and Stomachic. J 1 to 2 drs. Ginger. ] Used for Flatulent Colic, Dyspep-[ ( sia, etc. } 2 to 5 drs. Glauber’s Salts. Cathartic. 6 to 12 ozs. < Diuretic and Alterative. Used for ) ( Give freely, starch sium. f ] Rheumatism, Dropsy, Enlarged > ( Glands, etc. ) y2 to iy2 drs. J or flour, with water ( largely. Linseed Oil, Raw. Cathartic and Nutritive. 1 to 2 pts. Magnesia. j For colts as an Antacid and Laxa- ( j tive. ( y4 to 1 oz. Mercurial Oint- ) i Used for Mange, Itch, Lice, and ( Whites of eggs with ment. ) ] other Parasites. $ / milk given freely, f Saleratus, followed Nux Vornica. j Nervous stimulant. Used for Pa-) 15 to 25 grs. j quickly by copperas,. / ralysis. ] | both dissolved in wa- iter. ( Belladonna, str’g coffee. f Anodyne and Anti-spasmo'dic. Given ) Opium. < in Colic, Inflammation of Bowels, [ ( Diarrhoea, etc. } t/i to 1 dr. ) brandy, and ammonia ) Dash cold water on, an FISTULA. No. 1.— Copperas one drachm, blue vitriol two drachms, common salt two drachms, white vitriol one drachm; mix, aud powder fine. Fill a goose- quill with the powder, and push it to the bottom of the pipe, having a stick in the top of the quill, so that you can push the powder out of the quill, leaving it at the bottom of the pipe; repeat again in about four days, and in two or three days from that time you can take hold of the pipe and remove it without trouble. No. 3.—-Tincture of opium one drachm, potash two drachms, water one ounce; mix, and when dissolved inject into the pipes with a small syringe, having cleansed the sore with soap- suds; repeat every two days until the pipes are completely destroyed. No. 3. — Take a small piece of lunar caustic, place in the pipe, after being cleansed with soap- suds, then fill the hole with sweet oil. No. 4.—Fill the sore to the bottom with ashes from burnt corn-cobs; repeat two or three times, if necessary, or until a cure is effected. QUARTER CRACK. — The best way to cure quarter crack is to open the heel on that side hetw'een bar and frog, cutting down pretty well, (not sufficient to cause bleeding,) until the quarter will give freely; then put on a shoe that will expand the heel. It is also necessary in this case that the inner heel should be opened or spread, as the hoof is simply too small for the foot; if this is properly done the point is directly reached. Some recommend in addition to this, burn- ing with a hot iron a crease across at the upper edge of hoof. If this is done properly the hoof will not split any more. The hoof may now be more rapidly grown if desired. Opening the foot and the shoe is the point of success. QUIT TOR. — Corrosive sublimate one-quarter ounce, muriatic acid twenty drops, soft water two ounces; mix the two last and shake well, then add the first. Inject a little with a glass syringe one or two times, being careful to inject to the bottom. Warm poultices, used for several days, generally work well. RINGWORM. — Apply mercurial ointment three or four times a week. SADDLE AND HARNESS GALLS, BRUISES, ETC. No. 1. —Tincture of opium two ounces, tannin two drachms; mix, and apply trice a day. 78 FAVORITE RECEIPTS FOR HORSES. No. 2.— Take white lead and linseed oil, and mix as for paint, and apply two or three times a day; this is good for scratches, or any wounds on a horse. No. 3. —Kendall’s Spavin Cure is one of the best remedies known for galls, bruises, etc. SCRATCHES AND GREASE HEEE. No. 1. — Balsam fir four ounces, lard four ounces. Stir, with a gentle heat, until thoroughly mixed. Wash the sores well with castile soap, and apply. No. 2. — Sugar of lead two ounces, borax one ounce, sweet oil six ounces. Mix, and apply twice daily, after washing with castile soap, and drying. No. 3. — Tincture of myrrh two ounces, glycerine four ounces, tincture of arnica two ounces. Mix thoroughly, and apply two or three times a day, after cleansing as above with castile soap. No. 4. — Take one-half ounce of powdered verdigris, and one pint of rum or proof spirits. Mix, and apply once or twice a day. This works nicely for grease heel or mud fever. No. 5. — Take of oxide of zinc one drachm, lard one ounce, powdered gum benzoin ten grains, camphorated spirits one drachm. Mix thoroughly, and rub on twice a week. Do not wash after the first application. No. 6. — Kendall’s Spavin Cure is one of the best remedies known for scratches or grease heel. In using it cleanse the parts well with castile soap and warm water and wipe dry; then apply the Spavin Cure twice a day. SORE DIPS. — The lips become sore frequently at the angles of the mouth, from bruising with the bit. They can be cured by applying the following mixture : Tincture of myrrh two ounces, tincture of aloes one ounce, tincture of opium one-half ounce. Mix, and apply three or four times a day. SORE MOUTH AND DIPS. — Borax one ounce, tannin one-fourth ounce, glycerine eight ounces; mix, and apply two or three times a day with a swab. SPRAINS, ETC. No. 1. — Hog’s lard and spirits of turpentine; mix, and place in the hot sunshine for four or five days. Apply four or five times a week. No. 2. —No remedy that we ever saw used for sprains, etc., which equals Kendall’s Spavin Cure. SWEENEY. No. 1.—Spanish flies, camphor gum, and cayenne, of each one ounce, alcohol ten ounces, spirits turpentine six ounces, oil origanum two ounces. Mix. THRUSH. No. 1. — Wash the feet well with castile soap and water, and sprinkle a small quantity of pulverized blue vitriol in the cleft, and then fill up all the cavities with cotton and press it in so as to keep out all dirt, and repeat as often as necessary until the cure is complete. No. 2.— Blue vitriol and copperas of each one ounce, burnt alum two ounces, white vitriol one-fourth ounce. Mix. No. 3. — The best remedy we ever knew to be used for this troublesome disease is Kendall’s Spavin Cure. It should be applied freely to the diseased surface, after the ragged parts have been cut away and thoroughly cleansed with castile soap and warm water; then apply the Spavin Cure freely, and pack the cavity with cotton-batting so as to keep out all dirt. TONIC BAUD. — Ginger two drachms, gentian one drachm, Peruvian bark one-half ounce, fenugreek one-fourth ounce; mix, and form a ball. TO GROW HAIR. — Mix sweet oil one pint, sulphur three ounces. Shake well, and rub well into the dock twice a week. TO KILL DICE ON CATTEE. — Take one ounce carbolic acid, one quart soft soap, one and one-half gallons water. Mix, and apply. UNHEALTHY ULCERS.—Nitric acid one ounce, blue vitriol three ounces, soft water fifteen ounces. WATER FARCY. No. 1.—Saltpetre two ounces, copperas two ounces, ginger one ounce, fenugreek two ounces, anise one-half ounce, gentian one ounce. Mix, and divide into eight powders; give two or three each day. jfo. 2. Gentian one ounce, ginger one-half-ounce, anise one ounce, elecampane two ounces; blue vitriol one ounce, flaxseed meal two ounces, saltpetre two ounces. Mix, and divide into eight powders. Moderate daily exercise and rubbing the limbs are useful. WORMS.—Calomel one drachm, tartar emetic one-half drachm, linseed meal one ounce, fenugreek one ounce. Mix, and give in feed at night, and repeat the dose for two or three times, and follow with one and one-half pints of raw linseed oil, about six hours after the last powder has been given. TO HORSE OWNERS. TO HORSE OWNERS. All must admit that we live in an age of improvements; and that we enjoy what onr fore- fathers never even dreamed of — in the fast and easy transportation, rapid communication from continent to continent, and the use of the hundreds of labor-saving machines; and yet before, or even when these great discoveries were first made known to the public, how many there were (like Thomas) who doubted: but “ time will prove all things,” and so it has been with all these inventions which were once said to bo impossibilities, for now we know them to be of the great value which their originators claimed for them. In the year 1875, it was claimed by the publisher of this book, that he had discovered a combination of remedies which would cure bone spavins and remove the enlargement -without blistering or causing any sore. Like all other discoveries, this too was scouted at when first announced to the public, as might naturally have been expected, by those who knew most about the usual manner of treating this difficulty, and by those who had tried faithfully everything they could learn of ever being used, but only meeting with disappointment with each trial of the vaunted remedy. This class (being lior semen) knew that a bone spavin made an otherwise valuable horse of but little worth, for they knew how frequently the most powerful remedies had been used, such as blisters, which were so powerful as to destroy the tissues, and also the red- hot iron, which was worse, if possible, and still the horse left as bad or worse than before anything had been used—therefore after so many disappointments of this kind, it would be very natural for men having such an experience, to say it was impossible to cure a spavin, and remove the bunch, and to do it with a remedy so mild as not to blister. But, as we said before, “ time will prove all things,” and so it has been with Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and those tvho were the first to condemn it are now the loudest in its praise; (I mean those who were horsemen, and who knew that if a cure was to be accomplished, there was something needed more than to simply make a few hasty and perhaps faulty applications, and therefore would use the Spavin Cure with patience according to directions). The time was, in the practice of medicine, when about every patient was subjected to the rash treatment of bleeding and salivation from the indiscriminate use of calomel, but time has proved these plans of treatment to be more fruitful of damage than otherwise, so they have become among the things of the past. A similar reform is now taking place in the treatment of the horse, the most useful animal ever created; and horsernen are beginning to learn that a horse needs more humane treatment than he has received in the past, and the cases are very rare which require the powerful remedies that have been in use; and I think we can safely say that those cases never occur which require the use of the red-hot iron, and the men are very few that would allow this barbarous treatment to be practised upon their own person; and we ask why any man should allow this noble animal to be subjected to any treatment that he would TO HORSE OWNERS. not submit to upon his own person? Could the horse, like Balaam’s animal, be for a moment endowed with the power of speech, he would say — Ho not subject me to any treatment which you consider too cruel for yourself; for we, like you, have been created with nerves of sensibil- ity, so that pain is as hard for us to endure as for you, and therefore we ask that you will always have mercy upon us (as a merciful man should do), and consider, before treating us (or neglect- ing to do so), whether it is doing just as you would be done by. It might be of interest to some, for us to state here how Kendall’s Spavin Cure happened to be discovered. Our Experience with Bone Spavin. The proprietor having a horse which lie prized for her goodness and gentleness, and which in some way became spavined, was under the necessity of resorting to the popular remedies in use at that time, for the treatment of the spavin; after a few weeks’treatment the outlook seemed to be rather discouraging; but as we had had experience as a practicing physician, and also the benefit of all the receipts which were said to be cures — having been in the drug business for several years, and filled the receipts from the various horsemen in our vicinity — we felt that our experience jnid been such that we were certainly equal to the task, if any one was, and so we continued, first with this liniment, and then with the other, until we had gone through with the whole catalogue of the (so called) “sure cures.” We took counsel of the various horsemen who were quite sure their receipts would be just the thing, but when informed that all this and more too had been used we received but little consolation. As the horse was no better, and several weeks had elapsed since we began the treatment, our faith in the power of any remedy to even stop the lameness (to say nothing of removing the enlargement) was very weak; but still we were finally persuaded that a thorough use of blisters might cure, and it was our only hope, and we therefore proceeded to torment the poor animal by applying blisters about every two weeks, and giving the horse rest, until six blisters had been applied, during which time the horse was allowed to remain (nearly all summer) in the barn; and as the horse was no better, that we could perceive, it will be easy for any one to imagine our feelings in regard to the power of any remedy to cure bone spavin; and then we, like many others, were very ]>ositive in our opinion that there was nothing which would cure a bone spavin, and finally stopped all treatment. About six weeks after we had stopped all treatment, we decided to give the case another trial, for it seemed to us that there was something that would effect a cure if we could only get the right thing. Instead of using the remedies which everybody said were sure cures, we began to reason about the matter, and it occurred to us that if we had been treating a human being we should have treated him in a more humane manner, and therefore we compounded a mixture which was entirely different from anything we had ever heard of being used, and again began to treat the horse, and, to our great surprise, in a short time (about two weeks) the lameness all sub- sided ; and, by continuing the treatment a while after the lameness had subsided, the enlargement was entirely removed. I could hardly realize what a wonderful cure had finally been accomplished; but after preparing the same mixture for a great many cases, without hearing of its failing to cure in a single case, I was then fully satisfied of the great worth of this remedy to horse owners, and began to put it up for the public; and since that time the cures which it has effected have been almost innumerable, and now those who are most capable of judging of its merits pronounce it to be the best remedy for the purposes for which it is prepared that they have ever known to be used. We therefore offer the Kendall’s Spavin Cure to the public with perfect confidence, believing that in nearly if not every case in which a man might reasonably expect a cure, if he uses the Spavin Cure thoroughly and patiently, according to the directions, he will effect a cure. By the words “ thoroughly and patiently ” used above, we mean to use as directed on bottle, by rubbing down to the shin well, as what remains on the hair has no effect, and by applying over the size of the whole of the enlargement; but there is no good reason for applying all over the leg because one desires to be thorough and cover the whole of the bunch, for what is applied to the space outside of the enlargement is only wasted —but we frequently find parties who apply it almost indiscriminately to the whole of the hock-joint, when a space the size of a cent, perhaps, would be all that was necessary, and therefore the bottle of Spavin Cure is used, or rather wasted in a very few days, and the man finds his horse no better, and drops the use of the Cure, and perhaps condemns it, when he has not given it the slightest fair chance to effect a cure. By the word “ patiently ” we would be understood to mean, to apply it according to directions, for a long time, if necessary, for no difficulty of so serious a nature as spavin is, can be removed by any remedy in only a few days; and if any man would stop to consider he might know that it would be impossible. We might occupy many pages in relating our experience and in giving full directions for the use of Kendall’s Spavin Cure, but will not add more here except to say, use good common sense in applying it, and jn the use of the horse. Please look over the following testimonials, many of which are from the most prominent gentlemen and horse owners, in the country. Also see treatment given for Bone Spavin, etc. LETTERS FROM OUR PATRONS „ 81 On Human Flesh. Although Kendall’s Spavin Cure was not originally designed to be used on human flesh, yet it has been found to work wonderful cures in of cases, and now we have no hesitancy' in stating that it is the best liniment for external use on human flesh that we have ever known to be used. It can be used full strength, with perfect safety, for rheumatism, neuralgia, or any lame- ness; also, for bruises, cuts, corns, frost-bites, burns, sprains, or for any7 purpose for which an external liniment is used. See testimonials. WHAT SOME OF OUR PATRONS SAY OF IT. Any one doubting the genuineness of any of the following recommendations is earnestly requested to correspond with the parties themselves, and if a three-cent stamp is enclosed it will be quite sure to bring a reply. The following letter is from a gentleman who is widely known in the United States among owners of fine horses as being at the head of an extensive importing and manufacturing concern of all kinds of saddlery and horse furnishing goods:— New York, N. Y., Feb. 26, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents: — I had a horse twenty-one years old on which a, spavin had been for eight years, that caused severe lameness and trouble; and to test the virtue of Kendall’s Spavin Cure, used up two bottles, which completely removed the trouble and lameness, and to-day goes as well as any young sound horse, and no spav- in is to be seen. Yours truly, C. M. MOSEMAN. The following letter is from Johnney Murphy, who rode Dexter under saddle in 2 :17 1-4, and is now one of the leading drivers in this country of fast horses. He has the largest stable of trotters, and handles all of Mr. Bonner’s horses. His pic- ture is all over the United States riding Dexter in 2: 17 1-4. Fleetwood Park, March 6,1882. H. C. Ditmas, Dear Sir: —In reply to your inquiry about how I like Kendall’s Spavin Cure, I would In health the average number of pulsations are from 35 to 40 every say that I am exceedingly well minute. In disease the pulse varies in frequency and character, pleased with it as a liniment for every purpose for which I ever tried it; and as I have handled the best horses in this country for many years, and a very large number of them, I have had many occasions to use it for the various injuries and accidents to which horse-flesh is liable, and have always found it to be the best medicine for what it is designed that I have ever seen or heard of. I cannot recommend it in too strong terms. Yours truly, JOHNNEY MURPHY. Showing how to find the Pulse. Fossil, Wasco Co., Oregon, Dec. 24,1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gentlemen: — Enclosed you will find twenty-five cents in stamps. Please send me your revised edition of “ Treatise on the Horse and his Diseases.” I sent to Portland, Oregon, two hundred miles for your Kendall’s Spavin Cure after seeing it advertised in the “ Rural Spirit,” published in Portland, Oregon, by W. W. Baker; and I can truly say it is the best preparation for the ailments of the horse that I have ever tried. T am quite an extensive horse breeder, having about one hundred head of horses at a time, and sometimes a great many more than that. I wiS say to you as I do to my neighbors, that I would not be without your Kendall’s Spavin Cure no more than I would be without flour for my family. I bought three bottles, and they have been worth a good horse to me already, and only two bottles used yet. Yours truly, LOUT MANKXNG, LETTERS FROM OUR PATRONS, New York, March 6, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents:—Your Kendall’s Spavin Cure is the best stable liniment in existence. • Yours truly, KELLY & BLISS. Turf Exchange, 15 West Twenty-eighth St., N. Y. Gravesend, Long Island, March 7,1882. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents: —Your Kendall’s Spavin Cure works like a charm, and is the finest liniment in the world; and your Kendall’s Blister is excellent. No stable should be without them. - Yours truly, JOHN HAMLIN, Supt. of Prospect Park Fair Grounds. The following-letter shows that the “Cure” will do just what we claim for it, if only persevered with. He should have used another bottle to have completely removed the hunch, but ho persevered well to do what he did : — Charlton, Mass., April 6,1882. De. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents:— We have a four-year-old colt that, according to your Lorso book, has a splint or bony bunch on one of its fore legs. We have been treating it with your Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and have been thinking it might hasten the cure if we blistered it. So wo enclose one dollar for your preparation for that purpose. Any informa- tion in regard to the matter will he thankfully received. One year ago last summer 1 cured the mother of this colt of a bone spavin of some three years’ standing. It was so bad there was ce An old method of casting a horse for operation, and one which is used by many at the present time. perceivable movement in the joint when travelling, and some of my neighbors had advised kill, ing the horse the winter before I commenced with your Kendall’s Spavin Cure, she was so lame and stiff. I commenced on the mare, I think, about the 1st of May, I must say, with but very little faith, but with a firm determination to give Kendall’s Spavin Cure one grand trial; and in order to do so, I felt bound to follow the directions in using the medicine as near as possible, and I think, so far as using but little of the “Cure” at a time, and rubbing it in well was concerned, I was most faithful to the directions. And yet after using two bottles there was no appearance of a change in the spavin or in the movement of the horse for the better. But on I went with the same steady hand, until five bottles were used up and the sixth bottle bought ; but I owned Kendall’s Spavin Cure had made a decided change, in both the size of the spavin and the movement of the horse, having liberated the joint to that degree that its movement was quite natural. As the lameness was very much better, we concluded to stop for a while using the Kendall’s Spavin Cure, rubbing it now and then a little with the hand. From that, some four months from the time I began to treat the spavin, the horse kept on improving until all the effects of the spavin passed away except a small enlargement of it on the joint. I think one grand factor in this cure was wetting in the “ Cure ” so thoroughly. Follow the directions in using the medicine to the letter, and there can be but few failures of a cure. I. write this as iny testimony to a very valuable and honest-curing medicine, “ Kendall’s Spavin Cure.” respectfully yours, SYLVESTER HAYWARD, LETTERS FROM OUR PATRONS, Stanford, N. Y., Aug. 30,1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents:—In the year 1880 I treated with Kendall’s Spavin Cure a fine mare that had two large ringbones of more than one year’s standing, which caused severe lameness. 1 did not have much faith in it, but was doomed to disappointment, for alter using one box Kendall’s Blister and three bottles Kendall’s Spavin Cure, the bunches entirely dis- appeared as well as the lameness, and the legs were as perfect as when foaled. 1 have since sold the mare, and the purchaser tells me that he considers her legs as good as any horses’, and as sound. Respectfully yours, A. F. MILLER. Brooklyn, N. Y., Feb. 24, 1882. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents: — I can give my indorsement to your Kendall’s Spavin Cure as he best stable liniment in use. Yours truly, ANDREW MARSHALL, Ex-Chief Engineer of the Brooklyn Fire Department, 316 Humboldt St., Brooklyn, E. D. Prospect Park Fair Grounds, Gravesend, Long Island, March 7, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents: — Your Kendall’s Spavin Cure is the best liniment in use for man or beast. It has cured some wonderful cases. Yours truly, G1IARLY McLAUGHLIN, Trainer and Driver. The following letter from the Rev. Mr. Bonin, priest and rector of the parish of St. Emilie. St. Emilie, Que., April, 1882. Mr. L. Robitaelle, Joliette, P. Q., Dear Sir: — I have made use of the bottle of Kendall’s Spavin Cure which you sent me, and have obtained from it the most entire satisfaction. By the application of this remedy I have cured radically a lame horse, and it caused to disappear a spavin that rendered him unfit for sale. Fully convinced of the efficacy of this preparation, I intend to keep it constantly on hand, and I wish you to send me another bottle. I remain yours truly, JOS. BONIN', Ptre. Office of the Hartford House, Hartford, Kt., April 25,1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents: —1 hereby certify that I have used Kendall’s Spavin Cure in my stable for four years last past, and I know of no other remedy that I prize so highly as a cure for sweeny, curb, and other sprains and bruises. Respectfully, W. T. KING. From a Prominent Physician. Washingtonville, Ohio, June 17, 1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall 8s Co., Gents: —Reading your advertisement in “ Turf, Field, and Farm,” of Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and having a valuable and speedy horse which had been lame from spavin for eighteen months, I sent to you for a bottle by express; which in six weeks re- moved all lameness and enlargement, and a large splint from another horse, and both horses are to- day as sound as colts. The one bottle was worth to me one hundred dollars. Respectfully yours, H. A. BERTOLETT, M. D. Fremont, Ohio, Jan. 25,1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents:—I think it my duty to render you my thanks for benefits and profits which I have derived from your invaluable and far-famed Spavin Cure. My cousin and I had a valuable stallion, worth $4000, which had a very bad spavin, and was pro- nounced by four eminent veterinary surgeons beyond any cure, and that the horse was done forever. As a last resort, I advised my cousin to try a bottle of Kendall’s Spavin Cure. It had a magical effect. The third bottle cured it, and the horse is as well as ever. Dr. Dick, of Edin- burgh, the eminent veterinary surgeon, was an uncle of mine, and I take great interest in assist- ing his profession. Yours truly, JAMES A. WILSON, Civil Engineer. Cincinnati, Ohio, March 31,1882. Br. B. J. Kendall &Oo., Genis: — I have used your Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and given it a thorough trial, and deem it all that it is represented to he. I used it specially lor treating a very bad splint, removing it entirely with one-half bottle of your mixture. There has been no sign of lameness since, and it has been two years since 1 used it, therefore I take great pleasure in rec- ommending it to all horse owners. Yours, etc., WM. BEALS, Foreman Cincinnati Omnibus Line* LETTERS FROM OUR PATRONS* St. Johns, P. Q., Oct. 27, 1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents: — I have used your Kendall’s Spavin Cure with great success on spavins, curbs, and splints. I know it to be a good remedy for ring-bones, bone spavins, cuts, galls, and ail kinds of lameness, and many other difficulties about the horse. One of my men sprained his ankle very badly. I applied Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and I never saw any thing work like it, he was well in a few days. 1 know it to be good for man as well as beast. I procured one of your Treatise on the Horse, by mail, for twenty-five cents, and I think it was the means of saving me one hundred dollars on one horse that I treated, according to the direc- tions given in your book, for displaced stifle. Yours truly, WM J. PEARSON. If you do not want two feet in the same stirrup when you take your morning ride, do not buy a horse with the string-halt, as the disease is incurable. From The Oneonta Press, N. Y. Oneonta, N. Y., Jan. 6, 1881. Early last summer Messers. B. J. Kendall & Co., of Enosburgh Falls, Yt., made a contract with the publishers of the “ Press,” for a half column advertisement for one year, setting forth the merits of Kendall’s Spavin Cure. At the same time we secured from the firm a quantity of books, entitled, “ Dr. Kendall’s Treatise on the Horse and his Diseases,” which we are giving to advance paying subscribers to the “ Press,” as a premium. About the time the advertisement first appeared in this paper, Mr. P. G. Schermerhorn, who resides near Colliers, had a spavined horse. He read the advertisement, and concluded to test the efficacy of the remedy, although his friends laughed at his credulity. He bought a bottle of Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and commenced using it on the horse in accordance with the directions, and he informed us this week, that it effected such a complete cure, that an expert horseman, who examined the animal recently, could find no trace of the spavin, nor the place where it had been located. Mr. Schermerhorn has since secured a copy of “ Kendall’s Treatise on the Horse and his Diseases,” which he prizes very highly, and would be loth to part with it at any price, provided he could not obtain another copy. So much for advertising reliable articles. Wingham, Ont., Jan. 17, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents:—This is to certify that I have used Kendall’s Spavin Cure, bought from C. E. Williams, Druggist, Wingham, Ont., and do without hesitation pro- nounce it to be an invaluable remedy for the cure of spavins, ring-bones, or curbs. I used it on a bone spavin of several years’ growth, which it completely removed, and I can safely say, It will remove any spavin, curb or ring-bone, if properly used. I have also recommended friends to use it, who have done so with perfect success? I gladly make this public, and will answer any questions or letters sent me. Yours, etc., GEORGE BRYCE. Hamilton, Mo., June 14,1881. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents : —This is to certify that I have used Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and have found it to be all it is recommended to be, and, in fact, more too; I have removed, by using the above, callous, hone spavins, ring-bones, splints, and can cheerfully testify and rec- ommend it to he the best thing for thrush or any bony substance I have ever used, and I have tried many, as I have made that my study for years. Respectfully yours, P. V. CRIST. Read this testimonial from one of the oldest breeders on Long Island, James Van Sicklen, proprietor of the Old Van Sicklen House. Conet Island, Dee. 25,1880. Dr. B. J. Kendall 8c Co., Gents:—No person that owns a horse should be without Kendall’s Spavin Cure in their stable. As a liniment, it is the best I ever used, and will do all they claim. The Kendall’s Blister does its work like a charm. Always ready for use and easily applied. Try it, and you will use no other. Respectfully yours, JAMES VAN SICKLEN. Northfield, Jackson Co., Wis., Feb. 16,1882. Dr. B. J. Ke-ndall & Co., Sirs: — I thought I would write a few lines to you, in reference to your Kendall’s Spavin Cure. I saw one of your advertisements in our county paper. I thought I would try it. I went to our merchant and druggist, at Ilixton, and asked him to send for some, hut it was a long time before he got any, but finally I persuaded him to send. I pur- chased a bottle, and commenced to use it on a mare that has had a spavin for three years, but I could not go according to directions, I had to work her hard every day. I used three bottles of Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and my mare is well. I had plenty of Spavin Cures in the house, but I did not want to use them, because they would blister. I have handled horses ever since I was large enough to hold a halter-strap, hut I never found anything to equal it. It did not take the bunch all off; but I think if I had not worked her, it would have taken it all off, especially if I had continued its use a little longer; hut I would like to say to.thc public, that it is one of the best liniments that was ever kept in a barn or house, for man or beast. This cure was performed over one year ago, and she has not showed signs of lameness, and has worked very hard. Yours truly, P. M. WILSON. Gravesend, L. I., Feb. 14,1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Sirs: — Enclosed you will find (Hiram W. Howe’s) testimonial. He is proprietor of the Brooklyn Driving Park, and one of the best known trainers of trotters in the country. He is the gentleman that trained “ Aberdeen,” and* drove him in the great three- year-old colt stakes, at Prospect Park Fair Grounds, “ Aberdeen ” winning in. straight heats. The only race he ever trotted, as Captain Rynders placed him at the head of his “ steed,” the following Spring. ' BEOOKLY'N DRIVING PARK. Gravesend, L. I., Jan., 1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gentlemen: — It gives me great pleasure to forward you my testi- mony in respect to your Kendall’s Spavin Cure. It is without exception the best liniment used. It should be in every family and stable in the United States. Yours respectfully, HIRAM W. HOWE. Adams, N. Y., Jan. 30, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents: —Having used a good deal of your Kendall’s Spavin Cure with great success, I thought I would let you know what it has done for me. Two years ago I had as speedy a colt as was ever raised in Jefferson County. When I was breaking him, he kicked over the cross-bar and got fast and tore one of his hind 'legs all to pieces. I employed the best farriers, but they all said he was spoiled. He had a very large thorough-pin, and I used two bottles of your Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and it took the hunch entirely off, so he after- wards sold for $1800. I have used it for bone spavins and wind galls, and it has always cured completely and left the leg smooth. It is a splendid medicine for rheumatism, I have recommended it to a good many, and they all say that it does the work. I was in Witherington & Kneeland’s drug store, in Adams, the other day and saw a very fine picture you sent them. I tried to buy it but could not; they said if I would write to you that you would send me one. I wish you would, and will do you all the good lean. Very respectfully, E. S. LYMAN". Coaticook, P. Q., Canada, Feb. 20,1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents: — I desire to add my testimony to the value of your truly celebrated Kendall’s Spavin Cure. Before using your remedy I tried six or eight different kinds of medicines, which were claimed to be the best remedies for spavin, but all without effect, and my horse was lame for about eight months. 1 finally began using Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and in two weeks he was all right, after using only one bottle, and has not been lame foi a ®tante siac® that time, which has now been thirteen months. Yours truly, J. T. MAKCHESSBAULT, Mj \ LETTERS FROM OUR PATRONS. Pentwater, Mich., March 28, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Enosburgh Falls, Vt., Gentlemen:—I have used your Kendall’s Spavin Cure in a great many cases of puffed hock, bog spavin, thorough-pin, aud other blemishes on horses, and it has proved a success with me in every instance. I can cheerfully rec- ommend it as one of the best absorbents I ever used; and no farmer horse-breeder should be without it. Respectfully yours, SAMUEL A. BROWNE, Sec. and Treas. Pentwater Lumber Co. Fenwick, Ontario, Canada, June 13,1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Dear Sirs: — I procured a bottle of Kendall’s Spavin Cure from your agent in Montreal, and used it on a bone spavin, and it has stopped the lameness and removed the enlargement so that it is as smooth and sound as it ever was. I also used it on a callous on the outside of the leg, and it has taken it off so that it cannot be seen. I have used about two bottles on the above, and I think it has increased the sale of the mare more than twenty times the cost of the book. Your book is the most valuable for the price I have ever seen. Yours respectfully, JAMES GARNER. P. S. If the above is of any use you are welcome to use it, as I cannot recommend it too highly. This sngravine illuntr»tei th* folly of a heavy man riding a colt hard all day. Be merciful to your beast. Greenpoint, L. I., March 20,1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents: —Your Kendall’s Spavin Cure is the best stable liniment in use. And I honestly recommend it to all. Yours truly, EDM UKD RYSDYK. East Sandy, Pa., Feb. 14, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents:—I have used just two bottles of your Kendall’s Spavin Cure, and have removed a blood spavin on my horse in four weeks. T recommend your Kendall’s Spavin Cure to everybody. Enclosed find fifty cents; please send me two of your horse*books, and oblige, E. FICHTE. Claremont, N. EL, Sept. 29, 1881. Du. B. J. Kendall & Oo., Gents: — I have had two horses with spavins and I have cured them both witli only two bottles of your Kendall’s Spavin Cure. I call it the best article ever got up in the world. I see you know the nature of a horBe clear through. Please send me one of your illustrated horse books. I enclose twenty-live cents for the same. Yours truly, ISRAEL VADNEY. LETTERS FROM OUR PATRONS, Clinton Eights Hotel, East Greensboro, N.Y., Dec. 12,1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents: — Injustice to your valuable medicine, known as Kendall’s Spavin Cure, I wish to inform you that by the recommendation of I. H. Miller, Druggist, I was induced to try it on some cases I had on hand last Spring. And I met with good success, and since have used it in cases of spavin, thoroughpin, splints, curbs, and all callouses and puffs with the same result, and do not hesitate to recommend its use in general. Yours respectfully, C. BRADLEY, Dealer in horses. New Hamburg, Ont. Mr. F. H. McCallum, Druggist, Dear Sir:— The bottle of Kendall’s Spavin Cure bought from you last Summer, gave me the utmost satisfaction, and performed a wonderful cure upon a mare nineteen years old, belonging to me, which was badly spavined for ten years. She was so lame that I could hardly get her to move. The lameness is entirely gone, after using half a bottle of the Cure, and she is like a young horse again. Yours truly, JOHN F. ROTH. Bristol, III., Sept. 13,1881. Messrs. B. J. Kendall 8c Co., Gentlemen: —Two years ago I had a valuable trotting horse which developed a curb, and before I could “ get to it” it had continued six months, and would have probably damaged me to about the value of my horse, but I got hold of one of your “ Treatise ou the Horse,” which claimed that a cure for curb can be effected by the use of Kendall's Spavin Cure, aud, although doubting, I nevertheless tried it, with the greatest possible satisfaction; for it cured my horse by entirely removing the curb, which has not again appeared. I consider it one of the best liniments that I ever got hold of. Yours truly, CHAS. E. BICKEL, Office of H. C. Peckham, M. D., Druggist, Freeport, Mich., Feb. 20, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gentlemen: —I enclose testimonials fromMoore & Yarger, promi- nent business men of this place. I take pleasure in forwarding you such good evidence of the merits of your justly celebrated Kendall’s Spavin Cure. Very respectfully, H. C. PE&KMAM. Freeport,1 Mich., Feb. 20, 1882. Dr. H. C. Peckham, Dear Sir: — We take pleasure in certifying, that one bottle of Ken- dall’s Spavin Cure cured a valuable horse for us. A few applications entirely scattered two large spavins from the horse, after using the Cure, as directed, for nearly two weeks. We consider that the one bottle was worth at least one hundred dollars to us. MOORE & YARGER, Hardware Dealers. Gravesend, L. I., Jan., 1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Sirs: — Your Kendall’s Spavin Cure is the best liniment I ever used in the stable. Yours respectfully, DANIEL DUNLEY, (Prospect Park Fair Grounds). Mr. Dunley is a veteran trainer of trotters, and has the handling of Lady Prechard and White Stockings. Each with a record of 2:21,-besides several other good ones. Los Angelos City, Los Angelos Co., Cal., Post Box 1007, Eeb. 26, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall &Co., Gents:—Having used your Kendall’s Spavin Cure, I find it the best remedy for horses that has ever been used on this coast. 1 have a hue colt that was kicked last Fall on the point of the shoulder, and for three months had no use of his leg, and by using two bottles of your Kendall’s Spavin Cure, he is entirely cured. 1 enclose twenty-five cents for which please send one of your horse books by mail, and oblige, C. W. THAYER. Bryansville, York Co., Pa., March 10, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents:— I have used Kendall’s Spavin Cure and Kendall’s Blister on several bad cases of spavin, and they gave satisfaction in every case. I have taken of*5 spavins by their use, and never left a lump or any bad effect from the use of it. Yours truly, JOHN R. JONES. Belmont, N. Y., Aug. 27, 1881. De. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents : —I cheerfully testify to merit in your Kendall’s Spavin Cure. An old horse in my possession had been very lame for several weeks, and there was a bunch on the hock-joint; those competent to judge pronounced it to be a spavin. I used a bottle of your remedy, which entirely removed the enlargement and cured the horse of lameness. Truly yours, JAMES E. NORTON, Publisher “ Genesee Valley Post.” LETTERS FROM OUR PATRONS. East Boston, Mass., June 16,1880. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents : —I received your Kendall’s Spavin Cure to-day. I send you the pay in full, also a bundle of the back papers, “ Our Dumb Animals,” and have put your name on our list, so that heroafter you will receive them monthly. Your medicine is used by our “ Society.” I have used it, and find it all you recommend it to be. Thanking you for your kind- ness, 1 remain your obedient servant, J. BAKER, Agent for the Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Office of J. Van De Bogart, Wholesale and Retail Manufacturing Confectioner, Pittsfield, Mass., Feb. 19, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Sirs : — Your remedy, Kendall’s Spavin Cure, is an immense success. It is something every stableman or horseman, as well as farmer, should possess. It will save them a great many dollars. Please find enclosed twenty-five cents for your book. Yours respectfully, J. VAN DE BOGART. A sure method of converting a good horse into a poor one. Mellenville, N. Y., Aug. 29, 1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents : — I would like to make known to those who are almost persuaded to make use of Kendall’s Spavin Cure the fact that I think it a most excellent remedy. I removed a hard bunch from the breast of one of my horses with one bottle of Kendall’s Spavin Cure. Had used almost everything else and failed. Respectfully yours, CHARLES JONES. Harlem, N. Y., 69 East 130th St., March 25, 1882. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gents : —I feel it my duty to recommend to the general public Kendall’s Spavin Cure liniment. I have been using different kinds of liniment for the last fifty years. But yours is the best for general use in the stable on horses that I ever used, and will urge every trainer through the great trotting circuit next summer to use it and no other. . Yours most truly, MARK MAGUIRE, Sporting Reporter of “ N. Y. Sun.” Boston, Mass., Aug. 8,1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall &Co., Gentlemen : — Your Kendall’s Spavin Cure is a grand success. I had a colt taken lame last January with spavin. I applied the Cure two months, and the colt was well; been cured ever since; no return of lameness. C. E. CONANT, 73 Union St., Boston. LOOK; WELL TO YOUR HORSE’S FEET. These drawings show how many horses are made lame and permanently injured by the use of the cold-cut and sheared pointed nails. This process of manufacture produces lamination, causing the iron to form in layers, and when driven into the foot the horny fibres of which the hoof is composed cause the nail to separate at the point, and one portion passes into the foot. No. 4 represents one of these nails, which was driven into the hoof, and slivered in driving, one thin blade passing into the quick or sensitive sole. No. 5, the thick blade of the nail, passed out of the wall of the hoof for clinching. After a few days the horse was returned lame, and, upon removal of the shoe, a nail similar to the above was broken off, leaving a sliver in the foot. Lockjaw ensued, from which the horse died. Upon dissect- ing the foot, a portion of the nail was found to have penetrated through the coftin bone, as seen in Fig. 2, letter A, thus sacrificing the life of a valuable animal. As the remedy lies with the owner of the horse, it is for him to prohibit any cold-rolled or sheared nails being used in his horse’s feet. The only Hot-forged, and Ham- mer-pointed Horse-Shoe Nail in the World that is not cut, clipped nob sheared upon the point, and will not split in driving, is the PUTNAM NAIL. See that your horse is shod with this nail, and avoid all risks. This drawing was made from the nail taken from the hoof and cofiin bone, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This drawing was made from a nail, showing the lamination of iron in the COLD-ROLLED AND SHEARING process. Every Putnam Nail is drawn down to a point from the rod, thus: The illustrations of the Putnam Nails are very interesting, as showing the superiority of the nails madebythe hot-forged process. The slivering of inferior nails, we are assured, is not overdrawn, and what instruments of torture such jagged iron must he to the sensi- tive foot of the horse can he imagined. The recommendations of these Nails, signed hy W. H. II. Murray, Robert Bonner and Budd Doble, speak for themselves, and could be in- definitely reduplicated.— The Spirit of the Times, New York, November 8,1879. We address these lines to HORSE OWNERS, because they are the parties most vitally interested. We feel assured that, after knowing the facts, and giving the subject due con- sideration. they will, in company with such gentlemen as Messrs. BONNER, MURRAY, CHAS. S. GREEN, BUDD DOBLE, JAS. G. BREEZE, and many other CELEBRATED JUDGES OP HORSES, INSIST that their horses must he shod with tne Putnam Hot-forged and Hammer-pointed Nail. A few months’ trial will always convince. P. O. Address, Neponset, Mass. THE PUTNAM NAIL COMPANY, BOSTON. /om DR. B. J. KENDALL CO.’S NEW LABARATORY, Office of W. R. Burgoyne, Pharmacist, Steubenville, Ohio, Oct. 3, 1881. Messrs. B. J. Kendall & Co., Enosburgh Falls, Vt., Gents:—• Enclosed please find P. O. money order, for whioh please forward one dozen “ Treatise on the Horse and his Diseases.” The Kendall’s Spavin Cure has given universal satisfaction to ail my customers who have had oc- casion to apply it to the almost incurable disease. Truly yours, W. R. BURG-OYNE. Cannon Falls, Minn., Aug, 18,1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & C©., Gents: —-I have used two bottles of Kendall’s Spavin Cure on a horse of mine, and removed a large bone spavin in about three months’ time, and the horse is now perfectly sound, and his leg smooth. Yours respectfully, D. PLATT. East Brady, Fa., Aug. 23,1881. Dr. B. J. Kendall & Co., Gentlemen: — The fact is now patent to all,that Kendall’s Spavin Cure is the “ sine qua non,” wherever it can be applied. For horses it has no equal, and many persons speak loudly in its praise. I sell more ot it than any other horse liniment. I consider it a specific. - Yours truly, R. ROBINSON. Extracts from a Few Letters. J. C. Johnson, Jr., Adams, Minn., March 4,1882. Kendall’s Spavin Cure has cured three horses for me: two of blood spavin, and one of bone spavin. Jno. C. Cumber, Richland, Mo., Oct. 11, 1881. Kendall’s Spavin Cure has cured a horse for me when everything else failed. It is the best in the world. Hence I recommend it to all who handle horses. James Bowers, 364 Elk St., Buffalo, N. Y., March 7,1882. Dr. Kendall’s Spavin Cure has cured a spavin on my horse. It is the best medicine in the world. Jos. W. Weeks, No. 11 Chestnut St., Lynn, Mass. I have cured two curbs with Kendall’s Spavin Cure. M. A. Toulson, Chestertown, Md., Feb. 10, 1882. Your Kendall’s Spavin Cure has ready sale here since its introduction, and has made some remarkable cures. SEND MONEY BY “AMERICAN EXPRESS CO’S MONEY ORDERS.” They are Safest Cheapest and Most Convenient. For Sale at all offices o£ American, United States and Canada Express Co’s. KATES. i to 5 dollars, 5 cts. 5 to 10 dollars, S cts. 10 to 20 dollars, 10 cts. 20 to 30 dollars, 12 cts. 30 to 40 dollars, 15 cts. 40 to 50 dollars, 20 cts. Can be Cashed at over 6000 places in the United States and Canada. Also through Bank Clearing Houses in New York, Boston, Chicago, and St Louis. Dr. B. J. KENDALL CO.’S NEW LABORATORY. It is with pleasure that B. J. Kendall Co. can now call the attention of their many friends and the general public to their New Laboratory, of which the cut on the last page of the cover of this book is a good representation. A few words of explanation may be of interest. The main building is entirely new, having been erected the past season. It is three stories in height, with basement under the whole building. The location is delightful, being on a rise of ground which gives a commanding view of the whole town, and from the tower the valley of the Missisquoi river can be seen for many miles, and with the Green Mountains in the background, and the val- ley at your feet, combines to make as rich a landscape view as can bo had i:i this country. The far famed Mount Mansfield, which is snow-capped nearly three-fourths of the year, can he dis- tinctly seen in the distance with the naked eye. The buildings and the surroundings by many are pronounced the finest of the kind in the country. The main building is divided into different departments. The basement has two furnaces for heating the whole building, and a large steam-engine which furnishes power for the printing presses, elevator, etc.; also, most of the packing is done here. First floor contains the offices of the Company, drug, manufacturing, bottling, corking, and stamping rooms. Second floor consists of two large rooms, one devoted entirely to the advertis- ing department, and the other, a large room used entirely for printing purposes, in which there are several presses in constant operation, supplying the great demand for advertising matter. The third floor is used wholly for storage for bottles, printing paper, etc., etc. SHOEING, With these increased facilities, the Company find that even now they have hardly room enough ■o meet the great demand made upon them, and at an early day they contemplate making exten- sive additions. The great success which has attended the introduction of Kendall’s Spavin Cure, in all parts of the United States and Canada, has never been equalled, and it is now considered by the best Veterinary Surgeons and most extensive horse owners in the country to be the greatest discovery in the Veterinary Science of the Nineteenth Century. It is giving the very best satis- faction wherever used. A FEW REASONS WHY! 1st. It does not blister or cause any sore, which makes it a desirable liniment for man a. well as for beast. 2d. It is sure in its effect. 3d. As a household liniment it has no equal. Its effects on human flesh are marvellous. In cases of rheumatism, any deep-seated pain, strain, sprain, or any lameness, it has no equal. 4th. It cures spavins, splints, ring-bone, curb, sprains, swellings, and all kinds of lameness. For further information, address DR. B. J. KENDALL 00.: Enosburgh Falls, Vermont^ SHOEING. With a poor hoof an otherwise valuable horse becomes almost worthless, so that the com- mon saying, “ No foot, no horse,” is practically correct. For this reason the subject of horse- shoeing is one which should receive much attention, as it is by poor shoeing that so many horses are rendered almost valueless for life. For want of space we can only give some of the more important points which should be ob- served in order to preserve the hoof in a natural and healthy condition. The hoof, in it’s natural state, is adapted only to a grassy surface; so that, when we wish to bring the horse into practical use upon our hard and stony roads, it becomes necessary to protect the hoof, by shoeing, from the unnatural wear and tear which it is subjected to. It is greatty to be regretted that so large a share of the men who are permitted to do this Very important work of shoeing the horse, are so ignorant of the nature and structure of the foot and the principal rules which should guide them in doing this very important branch of work. It is a great fault of nearly all shoers that they cut and pare with the idea of improving the foot, when their aim should be, mainly, to let nature have her course as much as possible; or, in other words, to imitate the natural condition of the foot, and only pare away such parts as have become useless. The shoe should always be fitted to the foot, and not the foot to the shoe, as is too often practised. That part of the hoof which should not have pressure is the portion between the bar and the quarter, commonly known as the seat of corns. (For location, see en- graving on tenth page.) The greatest pressure should bo around the outside of the foot, for about half an inch. The frog should be allowed to come to the ground, which will prevent, to a certain extent, the concussion which would otherwise take place. The frog should not be cut down, as is frequently practised, nor should it he touched, when healtny, except for the purpose of cleansing. In paring the foot, be very careful not to cut down the outside, so as to allow the entire weight to rest on the inside of the shoe upon the sole; but only cut away the dead portion of horn on the sole, and cut down the wall from heel to toe until the bearing is natural, leaving it even and as near its natural state as possible. A red-hot shoe should not he allowed to be burned into the foot to fit it. The shoe to be selected should depend upon the condition of the foot and the condition of the roads, etc. The flat shoe, when properly applied, leaves the foot nearest its natural shape, by allowing the horse a good, even foundation to stand upon, and is most likely to give satisfaction for all ordinary purposes. At some seasons of the year it will be necessary to have calks upon the shoes, but ordinarily the foot should be allowed to come as near the ground as possible. What we mean by the flat shoe is one flat upon its superior surface, 'which comes in direct contact with the hoof, the under surface being partially concave, so as to assist the horse in grasp- ing the ground, to prevent slipping, and to assist in progressing. 92 The shoe should he as big as the foot, so as not to require any cutting dotWi the hoof so as to make it fit the shoe, and the heels of the shoe should not be permitted to project backwards beyond the heel of the hoof more than about one-eighth of an inch. The outward margin of the shoe should just correspond with the shape of the foot, except at the heel, where the shoe should be a little wider from quarter to heel, especially on the outside. Many persons are not aware of the thinness of the hoof, which makes it quite necessary that the nail holes should be near the edge, and quite well forward in the toe, so as to avoid driving the nails into the quick, which would cause serious lameness and injury. Do not rasp under the nail clinches, nor over them; and do not use the rasp at all on the out- side of the hoof, not even below the clinches, except just enough near the shoe to round the edge, and do not cut down the hoof if you have used a shoe which is too small. A nail for a horse’s foot differs materially from every other kind of nail, not only in shape, hut in the quality of iron from which it should be made; it is important that it should he made from the very best of iron, free from flaws, seams, liability to sliver, and all sulphurous gases in the process of manufacture. It is presumed that every shoer knows that a nail forged hot, from the end of a rod, needs no argument to convince any one that a better nail is thus obtained than by punching, rolling, and shearing them from a cold plate. The numerous and well authenticated cases where valuable horses have been ruined by using cold rolled nails are enough to deter any first-class shoer from driving anything but a hot forged nail, even if its cost should be double that of the cold rolled nail, because no shoer can take the risk of injuring his customer’s horse. Use only the very best of nails; drive as small and few nails as will hold the shoe firmly and securely to its place. See that the nails fill the holes and the heads the crease, leaving little, if any, to project beyond the ground surface when finished, thus preventing the clinch from rising when brought in contact with stones, and saving the injuring of the ankle. No. 1. No. 2. No. 6. No. 7. No. 8. No. 1 is made from a nail such as is used in Oriental countries, for attaching shoes to their horses’ feet, and has been employed since the fifteenth century. No. 2 is an ordinary hand-made nail made from the rod when at a welding heat, and still in use in England and Europe, and also in the United States, until the introduction of the Putnam No. 3. No. 4. S HOEING. — BREEDING. 93 Hot Forged Nails, which were the first successfully introduced Hot Forged machine nails; and No. 3 shows the similarity of manufacture to that of the hand-make, and when in a finished con- dition it is identical with those of hand-make when ready for use, and has no equal in the long list of machine-made nails. No. 5 represents a cross section of iron from which the cold-punched and sheared nails are made by forcing a blank therefrom by means of a punch which gives a blank similar to No. 6. Ko. 7 the same as No. 0, but made hot instead of cold. These blanks are put through a series of rollers and drawn into the form of No. 8, with an indentation on the thin end for the scarfed points, which conduct the nail out of the hoof. No. 9 represents the piece which is removed by shearing the blade of No. 8, and produces the nail No. 10 complete. Ail are aware that the rolling of iron cold produces what is termed lami- No. 9. No. 10. No. 11. No. 12. No. 13 nation, causing the iron to separate in layers, as shown in No. 11. But as the compression of shearing holds the edges together, it does not show itself until driven into the hoof, when the horny fibres cause them to separate while being driven, and one portion is forced into the foot, and the other out through the wall of the hoof, thus causing lameness, lock-jaw, and death, as has been frequently the case since the introduction of cold rolled nails, which the records of State courts, as well as the testimony of celebrated horse owners, abundantly show. No. 13 was taken from a hoof to show the result of a cold-rolled and sheared pointed nail, which produced the death of a valuable animal, and for which carelessness the owner received uo remuneration. The nail used is of great importance, as will he seen from the above statements, and we wish to caution onr readers against permitting the shoer to use nails which will endanger the lives of their horses. Having examined carefully many different kinds of nails, we are perhaps as v/< 11 qualified to judge of their merits as any one in this country, and we therefore state, for the bent fit of our readers, that we consider the Putnam Hot Forged Nails far superior to any nail we have ever seen. BREEDING. This very important subject is too.often neglected. A common mistake in breeding i; often made, that mares are bred from after they become useless for work, regardless of hereditary dis- ease? which may be transmitted to their offspring. It should he remembered that one of the characteristic laws of life is the reproduction in kind— “ like begets like,” 94 BREEDING. Both parents should he selected with reference to their individual points of excellence, and also so that the points of one may be adapted to the points of the other; for, although both may be excellent individually, the points which characterize one may actually counteract those of the other; hut, if defects exist, the breeder should be sure that it is merely accidental and not natural. None but sound parents should be bred from (accidents, of course, are not to be regarded as unsoundness). Both parents should be free from any infirmity relative to a vicious temper or bad disposition, although the points of excellence in one way sometimes counteract the bad points in the other relative to that defect. Great care should be exercised that the same defect does not exist in both. Some knowledge of the.parentage of the sire and dam is therefore indispensable. For ordinary business purposes the best form of a mare to breed from is a short-legged beast, with a deep and roomy chest, wide hips, and so built in every way as to indicate a robust animal, with a strong constitution. Always avoid, if possible, selecting a mare for breeding purposes which has ring bone, spavin, or any disease that will render the offspring liable to be afflicted with the same by hereditary descent. The “ breed ” should be taken into consideration also. If it is desired to raise a carriage beast, select a mare with a good, animated countenance, sprightly, not too nervous nor too sluggish, but with a general muscular structure. The head of the brood-mare is a point which should be always regarded, for a mare that has a large head, with a dull, stupid countenance, will not breed a good foal, unless it might be from a very sprightly, ambitious horse. The shoulder blade should be wide and long, extending nearly to the top of the withers, and so well covered with muscle as not to present any undue prominence. The neck should come out from the top of the withers and not low down; the fore-leg should he perpendicular, so that the point of the shoulder and the toe will be in a right line; the foot should be sound and of good, symmetrical shape. The hips should be long, oval, and broad; the hock-joint should be well formed, and not of the “ cow-hock ” or “ sickle-hock ” kind. In selecting a stallion, the rules which we have already given should be observed, remem- bering that compactness is quite essential, that much goodness and strength may be condensed into a small space. The shoulder should be well back, with the shoulder blade lying obliquely, except that, when it is desired to raise a slow draught-horse, a large stallion, with upright shoulders, should be selected. In summing up the whole matter we would say, if'you would be successful in breeding, do not breed into the same family and blood, but select a horse of different blood, unless it should be eight or ten generations removed. Avoid using a horse which is defective in any particular, when the mare has the same defect, hut select one as noarly perfect as possible in that point. Bo not breed small .mares with very large horses, for there should be mutual adaptation in size and form, as we have before Stated. FROEESSOR FLINT’S RENOVATING POWDERS. 95 PROF. FLINT’S HORSE AND CATTLE RENOVATING POWDERS. Having thoroughly tested the virtues of the above named powders, and found them to be the most remarkable and valuable powders we have ever known to be used for horses or cattle, we have completed arrangements whereby we are enabled to furnish these powders to our patrons throughout the United States and Canada. AS A BLOOD PURIFIER these pow- ders have no equal to our knowledge for any disease or bad condition caused by impure blood. Every man knows, or should know, that thousands of horses are sick or in bad condi- tion, as their owners say, simply because their blood is impure, which is caused by the horse being kept in a barn where the atmosphere is foul, or by being fed on improper food. We have no hesitancy in saying that Prof. Flint’s Renovating Powders are the very best rem- edy known (in our opinion) for any ill condition or sickness caused by impure blood, which may be known by the horse looking poor, being dull, coat being rough and not looking thrifty, hide bound, legs swelling, etc. We never knew it to fail (in any case of ill- condition as described above, after .one or two pounds had been given to a horse according to directions), but what the horse would fat up in a very short time, and act entirely different, really making him a new horse. FOR COUGHS. — We have always found it a perfect cure for every kind of a cough, whether of short duration or of long standing; if given until one to three pounds had been used for cases of long standing. See page 53 of this book. EPIZOOTIC.—This disease prevails at times to an alarming extent, and as we have tested the virtues of these powders in hundreds of cases of epizootic, we know that no remedy can be more valuable, for we never knew it to fail of curing this disease in a few days, and no case that we ever treated with them was afBicted with the bad after-effects which usually follow with those treated with ordinary remedies, or left to themselves without treatment. See the treatment recommended for Epizootic on page 55 of this book. PINK-EYE.—This disease, which is similar in its nature to epizootic, in the extent to which it prevails at times, is best treated with these powders. See treatment on page 63 of this, book. HEATES. — We never have had occasion to use any remedy for this disease ourselves, but several parties have reported to ns that they have cured cases of heaves with Prof. Flint’s Renovating Powders, and we believe them te he excellent far this disease. See page 59. We can rend these powders by mail, postage prepaid, for 50 cts., for a large package weigh- ing about one pound or over, or five packages for $2.25. Address all Grders to DR. B. J. KENDALL COMPANY, Enosburgh, Falls, Vermont, U.S.A, 96 KENDALL S PERSIAN PILLS, KENDALL’S PERSIAN PILLS. A purely vegetable compound, which we claim to be the best laxative or cathartic for family use which is known to the medical profession. FOK COSTIVENESS or constipation, there is no remedy, which has yet been discovered by any one to our knowledge, that is any comparison to these pills when taken as we direct, in the fore part of this book, in the treatment of Constipation, which see, page 14. FOK EIVER COMPEAINTS. — Kendall’s Persian Pills never have had an equal, as they are specially adapted to cases of this kind. Millions of people, scattered all over the world, are afflicted with some form of liver complaint, and are ignorant of the real cause of their sickness and many bad feelings; and to assist this class, we have treated these diseases, at length, in the fore part of this book, under the head of Liver Complaints on page 24, and we hope that every person who is afflicted in any way which they do not understand, will consult this part of the book, and ascertain if their case is not one of some form of liver derangement. The Kendall’s Per- sian Pills being composed of the very best vegetable extracts known to the medical profession, and being entirely without any calomel or any other mineral, there cannot possibly be any better remedy known for this class of diseases. The directions will be found on each box; but you should ex- ercise good common sense in their use, for with some it will be found that after a trial it may be necessary to increase the dose, while with others it may be necessary to give a smaller dose. You should remember this fact in all cases, because different persons vary much in regard to the condition of the bowels and liver. AGUE and all forms of malarial diseases are more successfully treated with these pills than with any others, but in some cases other medicines will be required to assist the Kendall’s Persian Pills, in order to secure the best and most speedy recovery. For farther information in regard to these matters, see treatment of Ague on page 6. IMPURE BLOOD. — Sickness is very often caused by impure blood, and the patient, although in a very bad condition, and being troubled with sores, boils, headache, and a variety of bad symptoms, may not be able to say that he is afflicted with any regular form of disease; and yet, the cause of all the bad symptoms can be traced to an impure state of the blood, if his case was thoroughly investigated. For all such Cases the patient should procure the Kendall’s Persian Pills, and take one at bed-time every night, or if they should happen to loosen the bowels too much, only take one every other night; but if habitually costive, it may be necessary to in- crease the dose. In addition to a proper use of the pills, you would probably do well in most cases to take an alterative, either No. 1 or No. 2, found among the Favorite Prescriptions on page 42, and continue the use of the pills and alterative for several days, or until there is a complete recovery. If the above directions are followed, you will find these remedies to make the best Blood Purifier that was ever produced. TO REGUEATE THE STOMACH AND BOWELS.—No remedy equals Kendall’s Persian Pills. They should be used in small doses of one or two pills at bed-time, and repeated from one to seven times a week, according to the requirements of each individual case. HEADACHE. — This originates from a variety of causes, and can be successfully treated in most cases by a judicious use of Kendall’s Persian Pills, to regulate the stomach and bowels. These pills are superior to Blue Pills or Calomel, with none of their bad effects, and we can- not praise them too highly as a family medicine, for any use for which a mild physic is needed. They are certain in their operation, and yet they are safer than any pills known. They can always be relied on, as we shall spare no pains in maintaining their excellence, by always using strictly pure medical extracts in making these pills. If your druggist does not have Kendall’s Persian Pills in his store, do not take any other, but send direct to us, and we will forward them by return mail, postage prepaid, at the follow jng prices: One box, twenty-five cents; five boxes, $1; twelve boxes, $2. Sample package sent by mail to any address, on receipt of two three-cent stamps. Address all orders po DR. B. J. KENDALL CO., Enosburgh Fahs, ygimont, ti A. The above is a good representation of the New Laboratory and Manufactory of Db. B. J. Kendall Co., Enosburgh Falls, Yt., U. S. A., Proprietors of the Celebrated Kendall’s Spavin Cure. See description inside.