THE Complete Family-Piece : AND, Country Gentleman, and Farmer's, BEST GUIDE In Ihree PARIS. PART I. Containing, A very choice and valuable COLLECTION of near Eight Hundred well-experienced PraEhcal Family-RECEIPTS in Phyjici and Surgery } Cookery/Paflry and Confeciionary , with a complete Bill of Fare for every Month in the Year, and Inftrußions for placing the Dilhes on a Table ; for Pickling and Preferving all Sorts of Fruits, Tongues, Hams, &c. for DifiiUing and Fermenting of all Compound, Simple Waters and Spirits ; for making Mum, Cyder and Perry, Mead and Mctheglin j and for making and preferving all Sorts of excellent Englifh Wines; with good and ufefal InfiruEiians for Brewing fine, ftrong, goal, wholefome and palatable Drinksp as Beers, Ales,Soc. In fmall Quantities, and at eafy Rates, for the Ufe of ail private Families; with divers other ufeful and valuable Receipts interfperfed through the Whole, particularly Dr. Mead's for the Cure of the Bite of a Mad Dog: Many of which were never before Printed, and the others expe- rimentally taken from the latell and very bell Authorities j and being al| regularly digefted under their proper Heads, are divided into fix diftercac Chapters. PART 11. Containing, I. Full Inflrudlions to be oblervedin HUNTING,COURSING, SETTING and SHOOTING ; with an Account of the fevcral Kinds of DOGS necefiary for thole Diverfons, and RECEIPTS for the Cure of all common Diftempers to which they are liable ; as allb Receipts for the Cleaning and Preferving of Boots, Fire-Arms, Sec. 11. Cautions, Rules and Directions to be taken and obierved in FISHING ; with the Manner of making and preferving of Rods, Lines, Floats, Artificial Flies, See. and for chuling and preferving fevcral Sorts of curious BAITS. 111. A full and complete Kalender of all Work neceflarv to be done in the FRUIT, FLOWER, and KITCHEN GARDENS, GREEN-HOUSE, &c. with the PRODUCE of each, in every Month throughout the whole Year. PART 111. Containing, Practical Rules, and Methods, for the Improving of LAND, and Managing a FARM in all its Branches; with fcveral curious Receipts for Brining, Liming and preparing Wheat, Barley, Oats, See. for Sewing ; excellent Receipts for deftroying of Rats and Mice ; a great Number of choice RECEIPTS for the Cure of ail common Diltempers in- cident to all Sorts of CATTLE ; and a complete Kalender of ail Bufneft neceflary to be dose in the FIELD, YARD, &c, by the Farmer, in every Month throughout the Year. With a complete Alphabetical INDEX to each PART. The WHOLE, being faithfully Collected by leveral very eminent and in- genious Gentlemen, is now firft publiflied, at their tarneji Defire, for the general Bereft of MANKIND. L (J 4\' jy.O iY ; Printed, »nd Sold by J. ROBERTS in fV«r%vick-La*', 1716. (Prise 3bd ) THE PREFACE, fay’ Way of Jsre|!’ace t0 Work, that the following Receipts, Rnles, Methods, Obfervations, and *ln- ftrudtions, were collected by feveral ve- ry eminent and ingenious Gentlemen, who knowing the Goodnefs of them by long Experi- ence, and that the publifbing of them mull be of infi- nite Service to all private added many of their own not inferior to the beft of them; which done, they were put into the Hands of a very worthy Gen- tleman, who took on himfelf with great Pleafure a.nd Satisfaction the Trouble of regularly digefting the. whole into Order for Publication ; nor herein did he rely on his own Judgment, for when the Book was ready to be fent to the Prefs, every Chapter was The PREFACE. put into the Hands of different Gentlemen, Well skill’d in each Art, who carefully revifed, and made fuch Amendments to them as each judged proper ; fo that by this Means, every Gentleman,, hfc. will be furnifhed with what is thought very fufficient for the true Knowledge of every thing mentioned herein, in a very clear and concife Manner; and, belides the Advantage of having many very curious Receipts* and other ufeful and necelfary Things never before publifhed, they will be freed from the great Charge of gathering together many Volumes. And becaufe this Book fhould not be laid afide on Account of any one Receipt’s not fully an- Avering the Intent of the Perfon making life of the fame, I mult advife the Reader, that if he fhould make any one Thing from a Receipt out of this Book which does not juft anfwer his End, to take but pro- per Notice, and it will be an eafy Matter to redify it to his Mind thefecond Time of ufing ; for though the greateft Part of the following Colledion of Re- ceipts were either purchafed at a very great Expencc from their original Authors, or given by very emi- nent Phyficians, and others eminent in their Pro- feffions, to their particular Friends and Acquain- tance, and have been long pradifed with good Suc- cefs in many great and noble Families, yet it can- not be fuppofed that every Receipt, either in Phy- fick, or Diftiliing, or Cookery, &c. can fuit every one’s Conftitution, or Palate ; and therefore I fay, when it fo happens, it may be eafily amended. But before I fhew what is contained in the follow- ing Colledion, I muft beg Leave to obferve, that the Necefllty there is fol a Book of this Kind is The T REF ACE obvious to every one who does but confider how many Families there are in this Kingdom that live fo remote from Phyiicians, nay, even Surgeons and Apothecaries, as makes it impoflible to have their Advice ; and as there are many pious and charita- ble Gentlewomen in the Country that are blefled with Riches, and make it almoft their conftant Bulinefs and Study to prepare and give Phyfick to the Poor, for almoft all Diftempers, and would enlarge their Bounty had they proper Receipts; and as there are doubtlefs many more who would be as willing, had they alfo proper Receipts and Intimations for the making and preparing Phyfick for that Purpofe ; I fay, in all fuch Cafes, there cannot be a>more ufeful Book than this ; thefirft Chapter of which gives you fuch a Number of molt excellent and well-experienced practical Family- Receipts, that there will be found one or more for almoft every Diftemper a human Body is liable to: In the fame Chapter you will find likewife many curious Receipts in Surgery, for ‘ the making feveral xnoft excellent ftrengthning Plaifters, and divers Sorts of the moft noted and beft Salves, Ointments, and Powders; and to what green.Wounds, Ulcers, &c. each is neceflary and fit to be applied ; : by the Help of which, it is to be hoped, many Sores, Sprains, &c. may be effectually cured without the Affiftance of a Surgeon (even fuppofing you had a good one near at Hand) and that at a very final! Expence: And laftly, you have alfo in this Chap- ter feveral very choice Receipts for the making of Ballams, Conferves, and Syrups. And then for fuch good Houfewives and Oeco- nomifts as wmuld have their Food drefibd in good Order and in a neat clean Manner, (as doubtiefs e- The T REF A CE. very one would) or would now and then make any fine Puffs, Cakes, Bifcuits, or indeed any thing in the Way of Paltry or Confedionary, you have in the fecond Chapter many curious Receipts for dreffing almoft any Dilh, either of Filh, Flefb, or Fowl ; and likewife for making all Sorts of Pies, Pafties, Puffs, Cakes, Bifcuits, Marmalades, and Jellies: And you have alfo in the fame Chapter, a compleat Bill of Fare for every Month in the Year ; with Inftrwdions for placing your Dilhes on the Table. The Third Chapter contains many excellent Receipts for Pickling and Preferving of all Sorts of Fruits, Tongues, Hams, which will, no Doubt, be found very beneficial to all private Fa- milies, in as much as by the Help of this Chapter, they may have all thofe Things in good Order throughout the Year. Whereas the Art of Diftilling is brought to great Perfedion in this Kingdom, and many curious Cor- dial Waters, &c. for the Prefervation of Health, are drawn off this Way, and by Fermentation ; which are certainly very ufeful in all private Families, who may, at a fmall Expence, buy a cold Still or A- lembick, which will laft many Years, we have in the Fourth Chapter inferted a great Number of the belt and raoft approved Receipts in Being for the Diftilling and Fermenting of all Compound, Sim- ple Waters and Spirits, by the Help of which they will have all thofe Things in excellent Order, and at a molt furprifing eafy and cheap Rate. And whereas the People of England are daily coming into a fine Notion of making their own The T REF ACE. Wines, tsfc. which, if they know the Ingredients to be good, are doubtkfs much wholfomer and cheaper than Wines made abroad; for- thefe, I fay, wre have in the Fifth Chapter, inferted many fine Receipts for the making of Mum, Cyder, and Per- ry, Mead, and Metheglin; and for making and prcferving all Sorts of excellent Englijh Wines. Many private Families being often at a Lois to know bow to chufe Malt, &c. and how to brew and preferve good, wholfome, and palatable Beers, Ales, &e. and for that Reafon are at a great Ex- pence to purchafe them of Brewers, which perhaps is not half fogood and wholfome as they might brew themfelves at a much Ids Expence j we have, in the Sixth Chapter, fhewn you how to know good Malt ; which are the beft Waters to be ufed in Brewing ; the beft Way to brew good Beer, Ale, and Small Beer; to brew fine Oficber Beer ; and to brew entire Small Beer; as likewife the Me- thods to be ufed to know good Hops, and the Ufe of them; the preventing Malt Liquors from Foxing, i. e. growing ropy or four ; the working Beers and Ales; the deanling of Casks; the Strength and Age of Malt Liquors; and the Profit and Advantage a- rifing from Brewing in your own private Families, As Hunting, &V. is a noble Exercife, and what molt Country Gentlemen take great Delight in ; for the Benefit and Advantage therefore of fuch Gen- tlemen who retire from Bufmefs to live in the Coun- try, and for young Beginners, is the Firft Chapter of the Second Part inferred, which gives you full Inftrudions to be obferved in Hunting and Cour- fing ; It alfo contains Inftruftions to he obferved hi Setting and Shooting ; with an Account of the fe- The T R veral Kinds of Dogs neceftary for thofe Diverfions f Directions for training up a Setting Dog : Inftruc- tions for making Shot of all Sizes : Receipts for the Cure of all common Diftempers to which Dogs are liable ; and alfo Receipts for the cleanfmg and preferving of Boots, Fire-Arms, GV. The Second Chapter is inferted for the fame Ufe as the former, and contains Cautions, Rules, and Directions to be taken and obferved in Fiihing ; with the Manner of making Rods, Lines, Floats, Artificial Flies, ped, of each 2 Drams; Crocus Men tis aftringent, i Dram ; make it into a foft Eledluary with Syrup of Coral ; of which give the Quantity of a Nutmeg every Morning, at Five in the Afternoon, and the laft thing at Night, drinking after it fix Spoonfuls of the Infufion of Red Rofes made acid with Spirit of Vitriol. It will be neceffary to purge twice or thrice before you take the Eledluary. For the Whites, or any Flux. Take nine fmgle Piony-feeds powder’d, the fame Quantity of Powder of Borax, and a little Nutmeg ; mix all thefe with a little white Annifeed-water in a Spoon, and give it the Woman ; and after it, as foon as poffible after Ihe is laid in Bed, a little Annifeed- Water. For a Loofenefs, or Bloody Flux. Take the Yoiks of two new-laid Eggs, and put them mto a Glafs of ftrong Cinnamon-water, and drink it all; To prevent After-pains. 4 The Complete Family-Piece. Brandy, Rum, Rofa-folis, or indeed any ftrong fpirl- tuous Liquor, will do as well as Cinnamon-water, and does very feldom fail. But this Ihould never be ufed, but in the greateft Extremity ; becaufe chewing of Rhu- bard is as certain, and carries off the Caufej and of all the hidden Cures I prefer Venice Treacle. P/ofcJ/ors Boerhaave and Ofterdyke’s Regimen fre/c riled for the Gout. They are of Opinion that the Gout is not to be cured by any other Means but a Milk-Diet, which will in twelve Months time alter the whole Mafs of Blood ; and, in order thereto, the following Directions muft be ftrift- ]y obferv’d and follow’d. I. You muft not tafte any Liquor, only a Mixture of one Third Milk, and twoThirdsWater, your Milk as new as you can get it, and to drink it as often as you have Oc- ■cafton for it, without adding any other to it. A little Tea and Coffee is likewife permitted, with Milk. 11. In a Morning as foou as awake, and the Stomach has made a Digeftion, you muft drink eight Ounces of Spring-Water, and fall two Hours after ; then eat Milk and Bread, Milk-Pottage, or Tea with Milk, with a little Bread and frefn Butter. 111. At Dinner you muft not eat any thing but what is made of Barley, Oats, Rice, or Millet Seed, Carrots, Potatoes, Turnips, Spinage, Beans, Peafe, 6v. You may likewife eat Fruit when full ripe, baked Pears or Apples, Apple-Dumplings, but above all,' Milk and Bisket is very good, but nothing fait or four, not even a Seville Orange. IV. At Supper you muft eat nothing but Milk and Bread. V. It is neceffary to go to Bed betimes, even before Nine o’Cleck, to accuftom yourfelf to fleep much, and ufe yourfelf to it. VI. Every Mornmg before you rife, to have your Feet, Legs, Arms and Hands, well rubb’d with Pieces of Woollen Cloth, for half an Hour, and the fame go- ing to Bed. This Article muft be ftridlly obferv’d, for by this Means the Humours, Knobs and Bunches will Receipts inVuYSicic, &c. be diffipated, and prevent their fixing in the Joints, by which they become ufelefs. VII. You muft accuftom yourfeif to Exercife, as ri- ding on Horfe-back, which is heft, or in a Coach, Chaife, &c. the more the better ; but take Care of the cold Weather, Winds, and Rain. Lattly, In cafe a Fit of the Gout fhould return, and be violent, which they are of Opinion will not, then a little Dofe of Opium or Laudanum may be taken to com pole you ; but no oftner than Neceffity requires. They are of Opinion, that your Father or Mother ha- ving the Gout, is of no Confequence, if you will re- folve to follow the foregoing Directions ftriilly.. 5 Afamous Water to prefernoe the Eye-fight; or if lof, to refiore it. Take a Rye Loaf, without Sait or Leaven ; cut it into thin Slices, and diftill in a cold Still; take off the Wa- ter that comes from it,, and drop of it into the Eyc-j twice or thrice every Day, for a Month together. This Water cured a Gentleman after he had been blind a whole Year. Take alfo a Rag of Holland Cloth, and burn it between two Pewter Dilhes, and of the Water that comes from it, drop a little into the Eye every Night. To fop Vomiting. Take a large Nutmeg, grate away half of it, and then toaft the flat Side till the Oil ouze out; then clap it to the Pit of the Stomach. Let it lie fo long as ’tis warms, repeat it often till cured. A good Cere-Cloth. Take a Pint and half of SalladOil, half a Pound of Red-led, a Quarter of a Pound of White-led, a Quarter of a Pound of Caftle-foap, 2 Ounces of Bees-wax, z Ounces of Oil of Bays, 2 Ounces of Barrows-greafe; boil the Leads in the Oils till they look brown ; then put in the reft, keeping it ftirring till it works; then piake it into Rolls, firfi: oiling your Hands. This ftiould boil five Hours, 6 The Complete Family-Piece. To make Dr. Pye’s Drink for the Scurvy. Take both the Sorts of Scurvy-grafs, of Brooklime and Water-crefles, of each three Handfuls; i z Seville Oranges cut into Pieces; Winters Bark bruifed, 3 Oun- ces ; being all put into a Bag, infufe in 3 Gallons of new Ale. A Receipt to help the Lungs of a Perfon in a Con- fumption. Take Annifeeds finely powder’d, Saffron of Steel, each half an Ounce, made into Pills with LucatellcCs Balfum. Take five of thefe every Morning, and at Five o’Clock in the Afiernoon, drinking a large Draught of Water acidulated with Mynjichf s Elixir of Vitriol. ——After each Dofe Riding is of Angular Ufe, and Cold-Bathing ; but above all, frequent Bleeding in fmall Quantities; for, as is before obferv’d, whatever keeps the Lungs coo 1, is the only Way to cure Confumpdons; and it has been of late experienc’d, that crude Mercury is the moll beneficial Thing for the Lungs, taking one Ounce every Morning. Take of Horfe-radifh Roots fliced thin, and fweet Fennel-feeds bruifed, of each 2 Ounces, Smallage and Fennel-roots fliced, of each an Ounce; of the Tops of Thyme, Winter-favory, Sweet-marjoram, Water-crefles, and Nettles, of each a Handful; bruife the Herbs, and boil them in 3 Pints of Sack, and 3 of Water, to the Confumption of Half. Let it ftand clofe cover’d for three Hours; then ftrain it, and drink a Draught of it twice a Day, fweeten’d with Syrup of Fennel, failing two Hours after it. For a Dropfy. For Deafnefs. Dip fine, clean black Wool in Civet, put it into the Ear, and as it dries, which it will do in a Day or two, dip it again, and keep it moid in the Ear three Weeks er a Month. Take half a Sheet of Cap-paper, cut it into the For a Sore Stomach. Receipts in P h y s i c ic, &c> Shape of an Heart, and dip it in Brandy and old Can- dle-greafe melted together, of each an equal Quantity apply it warm to the Pit of the Stomach. 7 For a Burn or Scald Take Laurel Leaves, chop them in Hog’s Greafey, ftrain it, and keep it for Ufe. Tor the Gripes. Warm a Glafs of Canary, diffolve in it as much Ve- nice Treacle or Diafcordium as an Hazel Nut; drink it off going to Bed, and keep warm. Take 3 Drams of Red Sanders; an Handful of Red Role Leaves; fteep a whole Night in a Pint of Role- water; ftrain, and walh your Back with the Txndhire twice a Day ; after once or twice uling, you will find the Heat to diminilh, and your Back to be greatly re- lf elh’d. For a Pain or Heat of the Back. Take Tamarinds 2 Drams, Sena 2 Drams,, and Rhu- barb 1 Dram ; boil thefe in half a Pint of Water till two Thirds be wafted; to what remains, add half an Ounce of Cream of Tartar, fweeten’d with one Ounce of the Syrup of Succory, or Syrup of Rofes folutive ; ftrain, and drink it at a Draught; in the Working drink, clarify’d Whey, rather than Poflet-drink. ’Tis good to cool and thin the Blood. very good' Purge in a Fever. Take 2 Ounces of the fineft white Allum, beat k fmall, put it into better than half a Pint of new Milk, let it on a flow Fire till the Milk is turn’d clear. Let it Hand a Quarter of an Hour, ftrain it oft7 and drink it juft warm; It will give three or four Vomits, and is Very fafe, and an excellent Cure for an Ague, taken, half an Hour before the Fit; drink good Store of Car- duusTea after it. Or elfe take half a Dram of Hypo-r cocuana, and Carduus Tea with it.. J good Vomit. 8 The Complete Family-Piece. A try'd Remedy for Gripes in Children, Take a fmall Quantity of Oil of Nutmegs and Worm- wood ; mix them well, and warm them a little, and anoint the Child’s Navel and Stomach. This DiTeafe requires as high Bleeding as any ; you mull likewife open both Veins under the Tongue. Take Frog’s Spawn-Water, Red Rofe-water, and Plan- tane-water, of each 3 Ounces ; Syrup of Mulberries 2 Ounces, the Whites of 3 Eggs beaten to a Water j gargle your Throat often with thefe. Another Garga- rifm. Take Spring-water 1 Pint, Cream of Tartar 2 Drams, Mercury Sublimate half a Dram. Levigate thefe very fine, then filtre it off for your Ufe. Purg- ing is very requifxte. The Cure for a Quincey. A prefent Remedy for Convulfion-FitS. Make a Draught of an equal Quantity of Piony and fimple Black-cherry-water ; and for a Man put thirty, for a Woman twenty, for a Child five Drops of Spirit of Harts-horn. Drink this in or before a Fit. An excellent Remedy for the Cure of the Apoplexy. Take Cinnabar of Antimony, and of Mercurius Dul- cis, of each 1 Scruple, made into a Bolus with Conferva of Hips. Give fuch Things as caufe Sneezing, as the Root of Hellebore, or the Leaves of Aflarabacca pow- der’d. Apply bruifed Garlick to the Pland, Wrifts, and Soles of the Feet. Likewife give the Julep defcribed in the Convulfive Afthma, making it very ftrong with the Spirit of Sal Armoniac. Alfo high Bleeding may be of Service. Dr. Ratcliff’s Receipt for a Cold. Make fome Sack-whey with Rcfemary boil’d in it; mix a little of it in a Spoon with 20 Grains of Gafcoin Powder; then drink half a Pint of your Sack-whey with twelve Drops of Spirit of Harts-horn in it; go to Bed, and keep warm. Do this two or three Nights to- gether. Receipts /VPh ysi ck, &c- 9 A Medicine for an Ague. Mix 15 Grains of Salt of Car duns BenediClus, and Salt of Wormwood, with half a Scruple of Tartar Vitrio- late, and take them in a few Spoonfuls of Rhenifih Wine, or any other convenient Vehicle, before the Fit,. or at any Time when the Stomach is empty. To draw up the Uvula. Take Ground-Ivy and heat it well between 2 Tiles,, and Jay it as warm as can be born on the Top of the Head. The Blood of a Hare dry’d. and drank in Red- wine, does flop the Bloody-Flux, or any Lask, tho’ ne- ver fo fevere. Dr. Frya.\'s Directions for curing the Fits of the Mother, Take 2 Drams of Cream of Tartar; diffolve it in half a Pint of Rue-Water ; add to it 2 Ounces of Trea- cle-water, and take it in the Morning failing. It al- ways cures Fits at once or twice taking, tho’ the Perfon has been given over for dead. In all languifhing Fits of the Mother and Spleen, give three or four Spoonfuls of this Julep; Take of Rue, Balm, and Camomile-water, of each 3 Ounces; of the Tindlure of Cailor, i Ounce ; Treacle-water, 2 Ounces ; of ConfeSiio Alkermes, 3 Drams; Syrup of Gillyflowers, 2 Ounces; mix them all together. Let the Patient take once or twice aWeek, four or five of thefe Purging Pills : Take of Pill. Rufii, and Foetid#, of each 1 Dram; of Caftor, and the Troches of Myrrh, of each half a Dram; of Oyl of Amber, a Scruple ; of Balfam of Peru, half a Dram; make into Pills, and take them over-night. To cure the Biting of a Mad-Dog. Take a Handful of Rue, Sage, and Cinquefoil, 2 Garlick Heads, two Penny worth of Treacle, and 2 Quarts of ftrong Ale; boil them altogether to a Quart ; ftrain, and give the Perfon three or four Spoonfuls twice a Day. Apply nifty Bacon, Agrimony, and Dittany, beaten well together, to the Sore, to keep it from fettering. The Complete Family-Piece. For a Blow or Hurt in the Eye. Beat the Leaves of Eye-bright with a rotten Apple ; lay it on the Eye as a Poultice. Repeat it as it grows dry. The Juice of the Eye-bright is as good as the Leaves. Make the Drink thus,: Take white Horehound and Nep, of each 4 Tops; Betony 20 Leaves; Liver-wort and Harts-tongue/ of each a good Elandful ; Polipodi- um growing uppn a Church or Oak, 3 Ounces fcrap’d ; boil all thefe together in three Quarts of fweetWort till it is confirmed to two Quarts; then drain it, and when ’tis cold, put to it two Quarts of middling Wort, fo let it work together ; then put it in a little VelTel, and when it has done working, take half a Quarter of an Ounce of Rhubarb diced very thin ; put it in a little Linnen- bag, with a Stone in it to keep it from fwimming, and hang it in the VelTel, and when’tis three Days old, let the Child drink of it a Quarter of a Pint in the Morn- ing, and as much at Four o’Clock in the Afternoon, or when the Child will take it. You mull likewife anoint the Child Morning and Night with this following Oint- ment: Take Butter in the Month of May, as foon as it is taken out of the Churn, and wafh it with the Dew of Wheat; to a Pound of Butter take a Handful of red Sage, as much of Rue, Camomile, and of fowed Hyfop ; boil all thefe in the Butter, and fcum it till ’tis boiled clear; then drain it out, and keep it in a Gallipot for Ufe. You mull anoint the Reins of the Back and Ribs, broking it downwards, and upon the fmall of the Belly, and fwing the Child often with the Heels upwards. To cure the Rickets. A Remedy for Convulfions in Children. Give the Child, according to the Age, from 2 to 7 Grains of the true Volatile Salt of Amber in any pro- per Vehicle. An effectual Remedy for an old Strain. Take of Crown-Soap, a Quarter of a Pound ; the ftrongeiT Wort that you can get, a Pint j of Brandy, 2 Ounces ; let them all boil together; About the latter End, add to it Myrrh and Bole Armoniack finely pow- der’d, of each 3 Drams; Afterwards let it boil to the Confiftence of a Plaifter ; which fpread upon Sheep’s Leather, and apply it to the Part affcSed'. Receipts &c. A famous Water to clear the Eyefight. Take of Aloes and Sugar-candy, of each 3 Drams ; of Camphire half a Dram ; of Red Rofe and Eyebrighr Water, of each 3 Ounces; {hake them very well to- gether, and waili your Eyes with it three Times a Day. A Remedy far the Jaundice; Only take 8 Grains of Turbith Mineral, at Four or Five in the Afternoon, drinking thin Gruel or Poffet- drink between Motions,... ——After Four or Five Days repeat the Turbth as above.— In the intermediate- Days take half a large Spoonful of Mynftcht's Elixir of Vitriol, in half a Pint of Spring Water, three Times a Day. For a Bruife occafion'd by a Fall. Take Horfe-dung and Sheep’s Suet, of each equal Parts; boil them well together, and apply warm to the Part affe&ed, like a Poultice. fto ftop Bleeding Inwardly. Take 2 Drams of Henbane-feed, and the like of white Poppy-feed ; beat them up with Conferva of Ro- fes, and give the Quantity of a Nutmeg at a Time ; or take 12 Handfuls of Plantane Leaves, and 6 Ounces of frelh Comfry-roots; beat thefe, and drain out the Juice, and add to it fome fine Sugar, and drink it oiF. Take a little Black Soap, pnd chew fome Nut-ker- nels to mix with the Soap, and lay it on to the Place griev’d; repeat it till the Thorn comes out. To draw out a Thorn. ■d Receipt that cured a Gentleman, who' had for a long, time /pit Blood in a great Quantity, and was fo wafted The Completedamily-Piece. with a Confumption, that Dr. Willis declared it was impojfihle for him to recover. Take of Hyffop-water, and of the pured Honey, of each a Pint; of Agrimony and Coltsfoot, of each an Handful ; a Sprig of Rue, brown Sugar-Candy, Li- quorilh diced, Shavings of Harts-horn, of each 2 Oun- ces ; Annifeeds bruifed, 1 Ounce; of Figs diced, and Raifins of the Sun fton'd, of each 4 Ounces; put them all into a Pipkin with a Gallon of Water, and boil it gently over a moderate Fire, till Half is confumed; then drain it, and when it is cold, put it into Bottles, being clofe dopt; take Four or Five Spoonfuls every Morning, at Four in the Afternoon, and at Night the lad thing. If you add frefh Water to the Ingredients after the fird Liquor is drain’d off, you will have a pleafant Drink to be ufed at any time when you are a-dry. For the Green-Sicknefs. Take Centuary the lefs, and Wormwood and Rofe- mary-flowers, of each 1 Handful; Gentian-root 1 Dram ; Coriander-feeds 2 Drams j boil thefe in a Quart of Wa- ter; fweeten it with Syrup of Steel, and take Four or Five Spoonfuls in the Morning, and as much in the Af- ternoon. A Receipt for the Cure of the Stone and Gravel, whether in the Ureters, Kidnies, or Bladder. Take Marfh-mallow Leaves, the Herb Mercury, Saxi- frage and Pellitory of the Wall, of each, frefh gather’d, 3 Handfuls ; cut them fmall with a Pair of Sciffars, and mix them together, and pound them in a clean Stone Mortar with a wooden Pedle, till they come to a Marfh } then take them out, and fpread them thin in a broad glaz’d Earthen Pan, and let them lie, dining them about once a Day, till they are thorougly dry, (but not in the Sun) and then they are ready, and will keep good all the Year long. Of feme of thefe Ingredients fo dried, make Tea, as you do common Tea, with boiling hot Water, as drong as you like to drink it; but the dron- ger the better, and drink three, four, or more Tea-Cups full of it, Blood warm, fweetened, with coarfe Sugar, Receipts inV hysick, &c. every Morning and Afternoon, putting into each Cup of it, at leak half a Spoonful, or rather more, of the ex- prefs'd Oil of Beech Nuts, frefh drawn, (which in this Cafe has been experienced to be vaftly preferable to Oil of Almonds, or any other Oil) ftirring them about to- gether, and fo to continue it for as long as you fee Oc- cafion. For a Swelling in the Face. Take a Handful of Damask- Rofe Leaves j boil them in running Water till they are tender; ftamp them to a Pulp, and boil white Bread and Milk till ’tis foft; then put in your Pulp with a little Hog’s-Lard, and thicken it with the Yolk of an Egg, and apply it warm. To abate the Heat and Violence of Fevers, by Hr. Ed. K. Take of Gafcoign-Powder and of Coral prepar’d, of each x Dram and a half; of purified Niter, or Salt Pru- nella i Dram ; White Sugar finely powder’d, 6 Drams ; mix, and divide them into 8 equal Parts, of which one is to be taken every fix Flours in any convenient Vehicle. If the Fever proves peftilential, let there be added to the aforefaid Powders of the Root of Contrayerva and Vir- ginian Snakeweed, of each x Dram. A Draught of the Salts in a Fever. Take Black Cherry Water 2 Ounces; Compound Piony Water, 1 Ounce; Salt of Harts-horn, 1 Scruple; Salt of W'ormwood, half a Dram ; Salt of Amber 3 Grains; Spirit of Sulphur, 15 Drops : Take this Draught every fix Hours, till you have taken eight or ten Draughts. This has done very great Cures without the Bark, where the Fever is occafion’d by a great Cold; it fweetens and cools the Blood, and revives the Spirits and Head to Ad- miration. To fop Flooding. Difiblve a Quarter of an- Ounce of Venice Treacle in 4 Spoonfuls of Water, and drop in it thirty or forty of yones's Drops. Take it when Occalion requires, elpe- cially in Child bed. The Complete Family-Piece. A Prefervative againfl the Pefhlence. Take of Rue, Sage, Mint, Rofemary, Wormwood and Lavender, of each 1 Handful ; infufe them in a Gallon of the bell white Wine Vinegar; put all into a Stone Bottle clofely cover’d and parted ; fet the Bottle, thus clofed, upon warm Arties for eight Days together. After which, ftrain it through a Flannel, and put the Liquor into Bottles, and to every Quart put an Ounce of Camphire ; then cork the Bottles very clofe, and it will keep feme Years. With this Preparation warti youc Mouth, rub your Temples and your Loins every Day ; fmiff a little up your Noftrils when you go into the Air, and carry about you a Sponge dipt in the fame, when you defire to refrefh the Smell upon any Occafion, efpe- cially when near to any Place or Perfon that is infedled. A Cure for the Bite of a Mad Dog. Take i Dram of Afh colour’d Liverwort, i Dram of common Pepper in a Pint of warm Milk ; repeat this for Nine or Twelve Mornings fucceffively, uling a cold Bath at the fame time. This Prescription has a very eminent Phyfician now living, for its Author, and he ne- ver knew it fail, if taken before the Symptoms ap- pear’d. An eafy and approved Remedy for the Rheumatifm, ■ Take 5 Ounces of Stone Brimftone, reduce it to a fine Powder, divide it into fourten equal Parts, take one Part every Morning in Spring-water. Continue it as you find proper. To make Gripe-Water, Take 2 Dozen Bunches of Penny-royal Hired grofly j then take Coriander-feeds, Anifeeds, Sweet Fennel-feeds, and Carraway-feeds-; bruife them all, and put them to the Herbs in an Earthen Pot; mix them together, and fprinkle on them a Quart of Brandy ; let them ftand all >light; the next Day diftil it off, and take fix, feven, or eight Spoonfuls of this Water fweeten’d with Syrup of Gilliflowers. . Drink it warm, and go to Bed; cover very warm, to fweat if you can ; and drink fame of ft as long as the Gripes continue. Receipts in P h y s i c k , &c- Fo giram of the black Tips of Crabs-Claws, and having reduced them to exceeding line Powder, let the Patient take it in any convenient Vehicle or Con- Receipts in PHY s I c ic, &c. 41 ferve, twice or thrice, as he would take the Cortex, without intermitting any Day. An eafy Remedy, vohich long continued does much def,roy Acidities, or Heart-burnings in the Stomach Take half a Dram at leak of finely powder’d red Coral, and give it from time to time in any convenient Vehicle, till the Patient be relieved. An experienc'd Remedy for Difficulty of Breathing. Take of choice Caftorcum dry’d enough to be pow- der’d, 2 or 3, or at moil: 4 Grains ; mix this with 1 o or 11 Grains of Gafcoign’s Powder reduced to very fine Powder; mix up thefe with fome little Syrup or Conferve, and when the Patient has taken it, let him wafh it down with the Mixture, confiding of 5 Drams of Penny-royal-water, and half a Dram, or at moil 2 Drams, of Briony-water compound. An approved Medicine for inveterate Scorbutick Cholicks, and Pains of the Bowels. Take Engl if Barley, and having well wafh’d it, boil it in a fufficient Quantity of frefh Spring-water till it be juft ready to burft ; Then pour off .he clear upon the yellow Part of the Rinds of Lemons, frelhly cut off from the white Part, and put them into a Bottle, which being carefully ftopt, the Liquor is to be kept fo for Ufe, which is, that the Patient make it his conftant Brink. 7o reduce flaggy Breaks to a good Shape and Conffence. Take green Hemlock well bruifed, and reduced to a kind of Cataplafm or Poultice, which is to be apply’d (the Cold being firft taken off) to the Parts ’tis to work upon, and to be kept on till it hath perform’d what was intended, fluffing it once a Day. jin eafy, hut ufeful Remedy for a frefh Bruife or Contufon. Take frefh Butter and Parfley, of each a fufficient Quantity, and having chopt the Herb, mix it very well 42 The Complet^Family-Piece. with the Butter to the Confidence of a Cataplafm,which is to be apply’d warm to the newly bruifed Part. For coagulated Blood, or a Bruife. Take black foftSoap, and with a fufiicient Quantity of foft Crumbs of white Bread very well anixt with it,, make a Fade, which is to be laid on the Part with a Linnen Rag, and kept bound upon it for feme Hours,, that it may have Time to didblve the congealed Blood, and bring the contufed Part from a livid to a red Colour, which will much haften and facilitate the redoring it to its former State. To danch Blood falling from the Nofe, by a Simple held in one's Hand. Let the Patient hold Knot-grafs and Solomon’s Seal in his Hand till it grow warm there, or longer, if need be. An excellent Remedy to danch Blood in any Part of the Body. Take Plantane-water 2 Ounces, Barley-Cinnamon-wa- ter 6 Drams, Spirit of Vinegar 1 Ounce, Dragon’s Blood half a Dram, Syrup of Myrtles 5 Drams; mix and make a Julep, of which let the Patient take three Spoon- fuls every Hour. 7he Styptick Water for fopping of Blood in any Bart of the Body. Take i Pound of excellent Quick-lime, and put it into a clear earthen Pot; pour upon it sor 6 Pounds of Fountain-water, cover the Pot clofe, and let it lie to in- fufe about an Hour without touching it; then after ftir it with a Stick for a little time; then let it lie as before for 24 Hours, fometimes ftirring it; in the End you mult let it fettle to a Sediment. The Water being very clear above, pour it off by Inclination without ftirring. Take of this Water 1 Pound, which being put into a Viol, you mull add to it a Dram and a half of Subli- mate finely powder’d ; then fhake very well all toge- ther, fo that the Powder may diffolve, and be of an Orange-colour, as being more redddh chan yellow, and in the End clear and limpid, becaufe the red Powder will precipitate to the Bottom. Your Water being cla- rified, you mull feparate the Water from the Grounds into another Veflel, without troubling the Sediments ; and to the Water you muft add i Dram of Oil of Vi- triol, and an Ounce of Saccarum Saturni. Shake all together, that they may mix the better; afterwards let all fettle, and pour off the clear Water, and keep it for your Ufe. Receipts in P h y s i c k, A choice Medicine to refolve extravafated Blood. Grate or rafp the Root of Burdock, and fpreading the Powder upon a Linnen Cloth, bind it quite round the Part affected, renewing it twice a Day. To male an excellent Styptick for hopping of Blood. Take Hungarian Vitriol, Allom, of each half a Pound, Phlegm of Vitriol 10 Pounds : Boil to a Difldlutlon of the Vitriol and Allom ; being cold, filter it through brown Paper; and if any Cryftais fhoot, feparate the Liquor from them, adding to each Pound i Ounce of Oil of Vitriol. Dip Cloths into this Liquor, and apply them to the Part affefted. An eafy and approved Remedy for Burns, efpeclally re- cent ones. Take a fufficient Quantity of Adders-tongue, and boil it foftly in Linfeed-Oil till the Liquor be ftrongly im- pregnated with the Herb, then llrain it, and keep it ftopt for Ufe. A flow but innocent Way of making Blifters without Cantharides, Take Crows-foot, and putting to a Handful of it a- bout half a Spoonful of Mullard, beat them very well together to the Confidence of a Poultice; put this to the Thicknefs of one’s little Finger into a Cover of a Box cut Jhallow, and of about the Breadth of the Palm of one’s Hand, (though this Cover be lefs neceflary than convenient) and cutting a Hole of the Widenefs of the Box in a Piaifter of Diaphalma, or the like, to make The Complete Family-Piece. 44 k kick, you muft apply it to the Part, and let it He on 12 or 14 Hours, becaufe it works as well more llowly than Cantharides, as more fafely and innocently. Dr. Mead’j Founder and Method, which■ is a certain Re- medy for the Cure of the Bite of a Mad Dog. Let the Patient be blooded at the Arm 9 or 1 q Ounces. Take of the Herb call’d in Latin Lichen cinsreus Per- reftris, in Englilh, AJh-colour dGround Liverwort, clean’d,, dry’d, end powder’d, half an Ounce. Of black Pepper powder’d 2 Drams, Mix thefe well together, and divide the Powder into four Dofes, one of which muft be taken every Morning, falling, for four Mornings fucceffively, in half a Pint of Cow’s Milk warm ; After thefe four Dofes are taken, the Patient muft go into the Cold Ba'h, or a cold Spring or River, every Morning falling, for a Month ; he muft be dipt all over, hut not flay in (with his Head above Water) longer than half a Minute, if the Water be very cold : After this he muft go in three times a Week for a Fortnight longer. The Lichen is a very common Herb, and grows ge- nerally in Tandy and barren Soils all over England. The- right Time to gather it is in the Months of Odlober or November. A good Medicine to raife Blifters. Take Cantharides reduc’d into Powder, and uponl half an Ounce of this put 2 or 3 Ounces of good Spirit of Wine; let them lie together four or five Days, that the Spirit may acquire a good Tinfture ; then fiber it, and dip it in a Piece of Linnen Cloth fix, feven, or eight times double, and of the Figure and Largenefs that you defire. This Cloth being thoroughly wetted and co- ver’d with a Melilot Plaifter, or one of Diachylon, or feme other that will flick, to keep it on, muft be ap- plied to the Part. At the End of five or lix Hours you may take off your Plaifter, and the Linnen Cloth, and' find your Work done. Receipts in P h y s I c k, &c. 45 For a Cancer in the Breaji. Take of the Warts that grow on the hinder Legs of a (Stone) Horfe, dry them gently till you can reduce them to a Powder, of which you may give half a Dram for a Dofe, in any convenient Vehicle. A potent Medicine for Contufions, and divers other Af- fetlions. TakeAlcohole of Wine, and diffolve in it as much pure Camphire as you eafily can, and keep.it very dofe ftopt, till you have Occafion to ufe it. Then moiften thoroughly with it fome thin Pieces of Linnen or Flan- nel, and apply them luke-warm ; and likewife you may, with a Rag dipt in it, apply it to the Eye-lids, having a Care that none of it get into the Eye itfelf, fince it would caufe great Smart. It may alfo be very ufefully apply’d to Burns, and yet more to Contufions. To make a very notirijhing Aliment, that hath recover'd divers in Confumptions. Take 8 or i o Craw-fiflies, (or, if they be not of the largeft Size, a Dozen ; boil them (after the blackeft Gut or String is taken out) in Barley-water, till they become very red; then take them out, and beat them long. Shells and all, in a Marble or Glafs Mortar, to a fofc Malh, and in a Prefs ftrongly fqueeze out the Juice j which may be given either alone, or mixt with about an equal Part of Chicken-Broth, or fome fuch conve- nient alimental Liquor. A good Medicine for Afthmaticfc Coughs. Take 2 Ounces of Oil of Sweet Almonds frelhly drawn, and put them upon 1 Dram of Flower of Brim- ftone ; keep them for a Fortnight in Digeftion in a mo- derate Pleat, and then decant of the Oil, or pafs it thro’ a clean Linnen Rag to keep back the Brimftone : Of this Liquor give a Spoonfal or two at a time. The Complete Family-Piece. A potent Medicine (for thofe that can bear it) to ripen Coughs, and haften the E xpedoration of Phlegm. Take Onions, cut them into Slices, and fry them with frefh Butter, as if you were to eat them ; then take them out of the Frying-pan, and boil them with new Milk, till it be well impregnated wdth them, and they be made tender. Of this Mixture let the Patient take a moderate Quantity from time to time. An excellent Remedy for a Cough. Take of Virgin-Honey 2 Ounces, of red Role warily dry’d and finely powder’d half an Ounce, of choice Sul- phur very well fifted 2 Drams, of good Benjamin re- duc’d to fine Powder 1 Dram ; beat and mix all thefe very well; and of this let the Patient take the Mixture from time to time. An excellent Remedy, that has cured many Children of Convulfive Fits. Take 2 or 3 Drops of (Chymical) Oil of Rofemary, and put it into half an Ounce of Sack in an Ounce Bot- tle ; flop the Vial, and let it be well lhak’d, to make a whitilh Mixture of the Liquors jufl before you give it. Or elfe in a half pint Bottle or Vial, put 4 Ounces of Sack, or fome appropriated Liquor, and drop into it 40 Drops of the forementioned Oil; and whenever you are to give the Medicine, fhake the Vial well llopt, and presently give of the whitilh Mixture a Child’s little Spoonful. An excellent Medicine for dry or convulfive Aflhma’s, and alfo for Collivenefs. Give at Bed-time 8 or 10 Grains of choice Saffron, pulveriz’d grofsly in a little Syrup or Conferve, as of Vi- olets, t£c. to embody it with. To make (and no further) as that they may be conveniently The Comblete Family-Pieced reduced to Powder; Give of this Powder, from about two Scruples to one Dram, in any convenient Vehicle. A try d Medicine for the falling down of the Fundament. Take fome Ginger, and having carelelly diced it, put it in a little Pan, heat it by clear and well-kindled Coals, and let the Patient receive the Fume of it, call on by little in a kind of Clofe-fiool, or fome equivalent Seat, where the lower Part of the Body may be well cover’d for about half a Quarter of an Hour at a time. Afight hut often tryd Medicine for the Griping of the Guts. Take about a Quarter of a Pint of Brandy, and ha- ving made aToaft of Bread, (not too fine and white) throw it very hot into the Liquor, and as foon as it is thoroughly drenched, let the Patient take it out, and eat it hot; and this may be repeated, if there be need, two ■w three times a Day. An often try d Remedy for the Gripes in little Children. Take of Oil of Nutmegs and of Wormwood, of each .a little Quantity; mingle them well, and with the Mix- ture a little warm’d, anoint the Patient’s Navel, and the Pit of the Stomach. A choice Gargle for a fore Throat. To 4 Ounces of Plantane-water add 3 or 4 Spoonfuls of red Rofe Water, and mix very well with thefe the White of an Egg beaten to a Glair or Water; fweeten this Mixture with a fmall Spoonful of white Sugar-can- dy ; or in want of that, as much very fine Loaf-Sugar. Let the Patient gargle this as often as need requires. For a Gonorrhoea. Take choice MalHck a fufficient Quantity, and ha- ving very finely beaten and fearc’d it,' take about half an Ounce of it at a time, in the Yolk of a new-laid Egg, walking it down, if it be thought needful, in any convenient Liquor. Receipts in P h ys i ck, 53 An excellent Remedy for a Gonorrhea. Take of choice Amber and of Maftick, both reduced to very fine Powder, and very well mixt, equal Parts, and of this Mixture give half a Dram at a time in a proper Vehicle, or in a Draught of Chocolate. Con- tinue this for three Weeks or a Month, if need require, purging the Day before you begin to take it, and once every Week afterwards, efpecially when you leave oft" the Ufe of the Powder. 7o make an excellent Cephalick, or Head-Powder, good alfo for the Eyes. Take the Leaves of Flowers of Betony, Marjoram,, and Damask Rofes ; alfo the Flowers of Sage and Rofe- mary, all at Difcretion. To thefe add the Powder oF Lignum Aloes, and fome Seeds of Nigella Romana. Reduce all thefe to Powder, to be ufed as a Hair Pow- der when the Patient goes to Bed. An ufeful Drink to be frequently employ’d to cor re Si fharp Humours. Take 2 Ounces of choice Barley {Englif> or French) well w; fil’d Irom its Dull and Borders, Boil this in a Quart or more of Spring-water till the Grains begirr to burft; then ftrain the Decoction through a clean Cloth, and let the Patient ufe it at Meals, and other times, for his ordinary Drink. An experienc'd Medicine for Dulnefs of Hearing, and Hyfterical Affections. The Juice of red Onions is excellent for Difeafes of the Ears, and for Deafnefs in its Beginning. N.B. Be- tony Roots alfo wonderfully prevail againft all Affedions of the Womb, An experienc'd Medicine for the Pains of the Haemorrhoids. Take the Sole of an old Shoe, worn by fome Man that walks much ; cut it in Pieces, and burn it, not to white or grey Afhes, but to a fryable and tender Coal r reduce this to impalpable Powder, and then with a fuffi- 54 The Complete Family-Piece. cient Quantity of unfalted Lard, make it into an Un- guent, wherewith the Part affefted is to be anointed from time to time. A choice internal Remedy for painful Haemorrhoids. Take about 2 Scruples of choice Sulphur to, and mix it with a little Sugar to make it relilh, and give that Dole once, or at moll twice a Day. A very fuccefful trf d Medicine for the Haemorrhoids. Take Maiden-Leeks, (as fome call thofe that grow without having been transplanted) and calling away the green Part, make of the bulbous Part, and a fufficient Quantity of whole Oatmeal, a Caudle, whereof let the Patient eat plentifully. An experienc'd Liquor to cure the Itch in the Hands or Face, without Mercury or Sulphur. Take a Handful of the Roots of Elecampane, and as much of iharp-pointed Dock; Hired them fmall, and boil them in 2 Quarts of Spring-water till the Consump- tion of a Pint. Then ftrain the Liquor, and with it let the Patient walk his Hands, or other Parts affefted, once or (at moft) twice a Day. A fpecifck Remedy for the Yellow Jaundice. Take 1 Part of good Saffron, dry’d enough to be rubb’d in a Glafs Mortar into Powder, and incorporate it well with 4 Parts of choice Turmerick. In the mean time take a Handful of frelh Sheeps-dung, and let it fleep in about a Quart of ftrong Ale in a moderate Heat, till the Liquor be fully impregnated with the Virtue of the Dung. Then ftrain it lightly through a Linnen Cloth, into a Pint of it, or as large a Draught within the Limit as the Patient can well take ; give about half a Dram of the forementioned mix’d Powder. This do in the Morning falling, and in the Evening about Bed- time, giving alfo another Dofe the Morning after the firft. Receipts mV hy sick, &c. The great Medicine of a famous Empirick for the King’s Evil. Give for a good- while together a pretty ftrong Ds-< coftion of Devil’s-Bit. To mitigate Pains in the Kidnies. Take Oil of Scorpions, and Oil of Bees-wax, of each a like Quantity ; mix them well, and with this Mixture moderately warm, anoint the pained Kidney. Yin effectual Remedy for Stoppage in the Kidneys. Give in any convenient Liquor about a Dozen Grains) of Salt of Amber for a Dofe. A pleafant Medicine to appeafe Scorhutick Pains in the Limbs. Take liquid Styrax, fpread it thin upon Sclink, or fome very line Kid’s Leather ; and keep it upon the Part affefted till it dry up of itfelf, or till the Patient has no more Need of it. A Medicine for the Pain and Tumour of the Piles. Take the Patient’s own Urine moderately warm j and with Rags dipt in it foment for a while the Parts a Heft- ed, and then anoint them with Unguent Populeum. This do, if need be, three or four times a Day ; and if the Tumours be internal, you may then injeft a little of the forementioned Urine. An excellent Remedy for Scorbutick and other Pains in the Limbs. Take red and unfophiftical Qil of Peter, and anoint therewith from time to time the Part affefted. A choice Medicine for the Pally. Take Sarfaparilla a Pound and half. Bark of Guia- CUIp, China in Chips, of each 2 Ounces and a half: Boil all in 6 Pints of Water to a Confumption of a third Part: At the End add Raifins of the Sun fton’d 4 Oun- ces, Liquorilh bruifed 1 Dram, fat Figs Number 12; The Complete Family-Piece. boil and ftrain it. Of this let the Difeafed drink warm, as their ordinary Drink. For a Weaknefs in the Hands, arijing from Palfy, or an ill cur'd Rheumatifm. Take the Tops of Rofemary, and bruifing them a little, make them up into a Ball of the Bignefs of a fmall Orange, or a large Walnut with the green Husk on. Let the Patient often roll one of thefe Balls between his Hands, and for divers Hours in a Day grafp one of them in the Hand affedled, that it may grow hot there, and tranfmit its Effluvia into the Part. Continue this Courfe as long as the Diftemper requires. A choice external Remedy for Paralytick Affeft ions. Make a ftrong Deco&ion of Rbfemary Leaves, (or Flowers, if the Seafon afford them) and let the Patient hold the Part affebled for a good while at a time in the Liquor kept very warm. If after feveral Tryals this Medicine prove not effedlual enough, take 10 Drops of Oil of Worms, and mix with it well 4 or 5 Drops of Oil of Turpentine; and with this Mixture well warm’d, anoint the Part from Time to Time, or elfe let the Pa- tient keep the Part for a good while together, for more than once or twice, if need require, in warm Rain-wa- ter (to dillblve the Scorbutick Salts.) Tor the Pleurify. Cut green Broom-tops fhort, and fill therewith a Skil- let or Pipkin of a Pint and an half; then fill it up with Ale; boil it foftly till it be wafted to 2or 3 Spoonfuls; it will look black like Treacle, and be thick. When ’tis enough, and cold,, add as much Mithridate as a Nutmeg, and mingle it well, and give it the Party warm in Bed, and let him fweat three Hours or more after it, by adding fome Cloaths, If it help not at firft, repeat it next Day, or the fecond, not to fail. An approved outward Medicine to caufe Reft without , Opiates. Take of Rofe-water 8 Ounces, good Wine 4 Ounces, Receipts /» P hy s i c k, firong Vinegar 2 Ounces; mix thefe well, and having warm Stupes in them, foment therewith the Part affeft- ed, laying them on moderately warm, but taking them off when they begin to grow cold. This fomenting may laft between a Quarter and half an Hour before the Patient fhould compofe himfelf to Reft. 7o take off the Heat and Roughnefs of the Skin, effect- ally on the Lips. Anoint the Part affeded with frelh (or at leaft not too ftale) Cream. A diftilled Water for ftrengthening the Sight, Take Rofemary Flowers, Sage, Betany, Rue, and Succory, of each 1 Handful. Infufe thefe in 2 Quarts of good Sack, diftil them in a Copper Alembick. The Bole is a moderate Spoonful. A choice Medicine, which hath been [enteral times ufed - for a light Stroke or Contulxon of the Eye. Put to 2 Ounces of Carduus-water, or that ofßetony, 3 or 4 Drops of Honey? ufe it every three Hours. (But have a Care not to keep it above a Day or two, leaft it grow fowre.) An often tryd Remedy to ftrengthen the Stomach, and alfo to take of griping Pains in or near it. ('Tis good alfo for Colds. J Take Emplafrum Stomachicum of the London Difpen- fatory, and drop upon it 5 or 6 Drops of Oil of Cinna- mon, rubbing it well over with your Finger, and fo ap- ply it to the Patient’s Stomach ; and after three or four Days, or as foon as it grows dry, remove it, and ha- ving fcrap’d the Plaifter, and warm’d it on the wrong fide, let fall Tome Drops of the Oil of Cinnamon upon it, or more Drops of the Cordial Spirit, and apply it again. My Lord Bacon’s experienc'd Medicine for a recent Strain or Brnife. Take a good Handful of frefh Wormwood, and boil The Complete Pamilv-Piece. ft in a fufficient Quantity of ftrong Ale to the Softnefs of a Poultice ; then take it off the Fire, and when you apply it, which you Ihould do whilft ’tis very hot, put to it a Spoonful or two of good common Brandy, A parahle hut excellent Medicine in the Fits of the Stone. Take fomewhat lefs than a Handful of red Chick- Peafe, or Sifers, and boil them foftly in a Quart of Spring water till the Liquor be red, and well impreg- nated with the Seeds ; ftrain this Decoftion, and fweeten it with Syrup of Marlh-mallows, out of which all the Wronger Diureticks are left. For the Stone. . Take a Quart or half a Pint of limple Arfmart-wa- ter, fweeten it with a little Sugar, or fome convenient Syrup, and aromatize it with a little Nutmeg fcrap’d, and give this Mixture for one Dofe. For the Stone and Gravel in the Reins and Bladder. Take equal Weights of common Daucus-feeds and of Burdock-feed, and having mixt thefe together, put i Ounce of the Mixture to a Gallon of fmall Ale, and let the Patient ufe it as a conilant Drink. A good Liquor te ufe as Drink in a long Fit of the Stone. Make Poffet-drink of 3 or 4 Parts at] moll of Milk, and lof white Wine. Into 2 Quarts of Poffet-drink fcrape or thinly dice a Nutmeg and a half, or 2 Nut- megs ; add a little Juice of Lemon to your Palate; and if you pleafe, fweeten it a little with Syrup of Marlh- mallows, Take of this Drink a pretty Quantity at a time, and ufe it often in a Day. The Stone, and the Cure. Taken out of the Hiftory of the Barbadoes, written by R. Lygon, Gent. p. 118,119. After the Stoppage of Urine more than 14 Days, the following Medicine did not only break, but brought away all the Stones and Gravel. And about three Weeks after, the like Pains returning, the fame Medicine did the like Effeft within ten Hours after the taking thereof. Take the Fizzle of a green Turtle (or Tortoife) which Jives in the Sea, dry it with a moderate Heat, pound it in a Mortar to Powder, and take of this as much as will lie upon a Shilling, in Beer, Ale, white Wine, or the like; and in a very Ihort time it will do the Cure. Thefe are to be had eafily, both at the Charihbee and Lucaick Iflands, where thefe Fifties abound. Receipts in Fh y s i c ic, ire. To expel the Stone in a Fit. Take Crabs-Eyes powder’d, and diflblve a large Pro- portion of them in good white Wine Vinegar; and of this let the Patient take from two Spoonfuls to five or fix- at a time. An almoft fpecifck Remedy for the Tooth-Ach- Into a Quart of red Wine (or at leatt of Claret) put 1 Dram of Allom, and another of Acorns, a Dram and half of Galls, and half a Handful of good dry'd Rofe Leaves. Boil this to the Confumption of near half, and then take it from the Fire and ftrain if, and diffolve in it a Dram and half of Acacia cut into fmall Bits, and with this Liquor a little hot, you mull wafti the Part fe- veral times in a Day. An approved Medicine for an aching Tooth that is hollow. Take 2 Parts of common Pepper ground to line Pow- der, and mix exaftly with it 1 Part of Sugar moderate- ly fine over a gentle Heat; form thefe into a fmall Pill of a Shape and Bignefs fit for your Purpofe ; and when your Stuff grows cold, ’twill harden, and may be ap- plied when you pleafe to the Part affefled. A Medicine preferib'd to a great Prince (Charles the Firf) to fafien the Teeth. Take a Pint of Spring-water, and put to it 4 Oun- ces of Brandy ; let the Patient walk his Mouth with the Mixture of thefe every Morning, and twice or thrice a Day befides ; and let him in the Morning roll for a lit- tle while, a Bit of Roch Allum to and fro in his Mouth- The Complete Family-Piece. 60 To make an excellent Poultice to ripen Tumours. Take 8 Ounces of (fat) Figs, 2 Ounces of white Lil- ly Roots, and 2 Ounces of Bean-flour (or Meal: ) Boil thefe together in Water, and reduce them to the Con- fidence of a Poultice; which is to be fpread to a good Thicknefs, and laid warm enough upon the Part, and fhifced as often as it begins to grow dry. Jin excellent Medicine to relieve thofe that are troubled with Tumours in the Throat, and fome other Parts. To a Quart of new Milk put a Handful of Mallow Leaves, with as much of the Leaves of Solanum, or Night-lhade; Aired them fmall, let them boil till the Herbs be tender as if they were to be eaten. Then put into the Milk as much Crumbs of whi.e Bread, as be- ing ftirred well with the other Ingredients, will bring all to the Confidence of a Poultice. This is to be fpread upon a Stay for the Throat, or fome other thing fit to be apply’d to any other Part affeded, and is to be laid on as hot as the Patient can well endure it; and when it be- gins to grow cold, it is to be fucceeded by frelh made very hot, and fo long as the Cafe lhall require. A Medicine that lately cured an ohjlinate Tumour of the Knee, that had baffled fome Surgeons. Take a green ColewortLeaf with red Veins or Streaks, and having cut the Ribs fiat, and almofi: level to the reft of the Leaf, bruife it with the Haft of a Knife, or fome Inch thing; apply it to the Part affeded, renewing it once or twice a Day. A choice external Remedy for a fore Throat. Take Millepedes, Sows or Hogs-lice alive, and few them up between the Foldings of a Piece of Linnen, and apply them to the Throat in the Form of a Stay, which is to be kept on all Night. A choice Remedy for a fore Throat, efpeciallyif inflamed. Take a little Handful of the Leaves of common Mal- lows, and 8 or 10 good Figs i boil thefe about a Quar- ter of an Hour in a Pint of new Milk, and let the Pa- tient ufe it very hot and often. Receipts in Phys i c k? &c. A try'd Medicine for a fore Throat, caufed by acid Hu- mours in the internal Parts of it. Take half a Handful of the Leaves of common Mal- lows, and boil them in about a Pint of new Milk near half an Hour; then let it run through a clean Cloth, and let the Patient ufe it a little warm three or four times a Day as a Gargle ; or elfe let him ufe it by holding it in his Mouth, and letting fome Drops flowly Hide down his Throat. An often experien'd Remedy for Tetters and the Itch. Take Flowers of Sulphur finely powder’d. Ginger and burnt Allum, each alike, fave that of the Allum there muft be fomewhat lefs. Incorporate thefe with as much frdh Butter (without any Salt) as will bring them to the Confiftence of an Ointment: With this anoint the Part affe&ed at Bed-time, as hot as the Patient can well endure it, and let it lie on all Night; walh it off in the Morning with Celandine-water well heated and whilft you continue the Ufe of this Medicine, take daily fome Cordial, to keep the noxious Humour from being driven inwards. This will not fail to do the Work. A choice Medicine for a Thrufh in young Children, or a fore Mouth. Take an Egg, and put out the Meat j then fill it with the Juice of red Sage, and fet it on hot Embers till it boil; then skim it whilft any Skum doth arife. Then take as much Allum beaten as the Bignefs of a Pea or Bean, and half a Spoonful of Honey, and let this be put in the Egg, and boil it a little, and fo take it off j and when ’tis cold, rub the Child’s Mouth as often as you feeCaufe. An excellent Umuljion to he ufed in Shapne/i of Urine, efpecially caufed by blijiering Plaifers. Take Mallows 2 Handfuls, Gum Arabick 2 Drams, Barley-water a Efficient Quantity ; boil all to a Quart; The Complete Family* Piece. to which add fweet Almonds blanch’d i Ounce, of the four great cold Seeds, of each 2 Drams, Make an E- mulfipn, ftrain, and add 2 Ounces of Syrup of Marlh- mallows, of which drink at Pleafure. An uftful Powder for fuch as cannot hold their Urine. Take Root of the Male Piony, yellow Amber, red Coral, and choice Gum Arabick, of each a fufficient Quantity ; Reduce them to fine Powder, mix them well, and let the Patient take of this Mixture from ten to twenty Grains twice a Day, For Supprejfton of Urine. Give about a Spoonful at a time of bruifed Mufiard- feed in any convenient Vehicle. A fpeedy Remedy for Fits of Vomiting. Take a large Nutmeg, grate off one Half of it, and toafl the flat Side of the other, till the oily Part begin to ouze or fweat out; then clap it to the Pit of the Pa- tient’s Stomach as hot as he can well endure it, and let him keep it on whilft it continues warm, and then, if need be, put on another. To make an Afringent Liquor, of great Ufe in Ulcers and fame Wounds. Boil 2 Drams of choice Catechu or Japan Earth, in a Quart of Spring-water ; pour of the clear, and with it, by Injedion, or otherwife, drcfs the Ulcers or Wounds. Take the green Bark of Oak, and chop it altogether, both Infide and Outfide, into very fmall Pieces. Upon thefe poor good Lime-water freihly made, and let them infufe in it till the Liquor has acquir’d a deep Tinfture. With this drefs the Ulcer once, and if need require, twice a Day. For outward Ulcers. A Remedy againjl the Sitings of Vipers, and other 'veno- mous Creatures. As Toon as ever one is bitten, (for if the Poifon be Receipts mPHYSicic, &c. diffufed through the Mafs of Blood, the Experiment may not fucceed) a hot Iron may be held as near the Wound as the Patient can poffibly endure, till it has, as they fpeak, drawn out all the Poifon, which will fometimes adhere like a yellowilh Spot to the Surface of the Iron. A Medicine againft voiding of Blood out of federal Parts. Take 2 Drams of Henbane-feed, and the like Weight of white Poppy-feed ; beat them up with an Ounce of Conferve of Red Rofes ; of which give to the Quantity of a Nutmeg or Walnut. Or, Take the exprefs’d Juice of 12 Handfuls of Plantane Leaves, and 6 Ounces of frdh Comfry Roots, well beaten together with a convenient Quantity of fine Sugar. Thefe 2 Medicines have wonderful Effects to ftop Bleeding. Take Harts-tongue, Liver-wort. Wood-bugle, Wood- fage, Wood-betony, Southern-wood. Worm-wood, Ale- hoof, Buglofs, Scabious, Rib-wort, White-bottles, Mug- wort, Comfrey, Mint, Agrimony, Strawberry and Vio- let Leaves, Cinquefoil, Daily Leaves, Roots, and Flow- ers, wild Honey-fuckles, wild Angelica, Avens, Plan- tane, Clowns, Wound-wort, Hawthorn-buds, Oak-buds, and Bramble-buds. An excellent Wound-Drink. Gather thefe Herbs in May, or as many as can then be had ; the Buds in March, as foon as ever they put forth, before they come to Leaves ; meafure them, and take equal Quantities of them, and dry them feverally in the Shade ; and when thoroughly dry’d, put them up in Bags, and fo keep them for Ufe. Hcnv to make the Drink. Take i Gallon of Spring-water, i Pottle of the beft white Wine; add to this 2 good Handfuls of all the Herbs, mingled well together, being dried ; but if green, then 1 good Handful of each. Boil them in a Pipkin or Iron Pot to the Confumption of the Half; then ftrain it out, and put to the Liquor a Quart of Honey, and let it boil again, and skim it, and when’tis cold, put The Complete Family-Pieced it up into Bottles ftopt very dole ; then let the Patient drink thereof Morning and Evening about df Quarter of a Pint at a Time, (fome ufe only three Spoonfuls at a Time, falling after taking of it one Hour or two. Ob- ferve, the Liver-wort is ever bell to be put in green. If you make Ufe of this for any Sore or Ulcer in the Body, lay any Searcloth or Flakier to it, of Unguentum Apoflol. or Minium, or fuch like, as they ufe for Wounds in the Body, or a Flakier of Honey and Wax, This Drink is effedlual for Sores, old or new; Wo- mens Breaks, putrified Bones, caufmg them to fcale; ’tis good for any Ach in the Stomach, for the King’s- Evil 5 it hath cured, alfo cauled Bullets in the Flelh to come out, having long continued there. Sir. Jo. Mince was healed by drinking of this, being wounded through the Loins. An experienced Remedy for bloody Water. Take Waters of the black Alder, of Mallows, of each 3 Ounces, Syrup of Comfrey i Ounce; mix them, and let the Patient take four Spoonfuls immediately, and four or five Times a Day. An experienced Medicine to corredl the peccant Humour in the King’s Evil. Take half an Ounce of Cuttle-bone dry’d till it may be finely powder’d. Give this to the Patient for one Dofe. The Pills for the Droply, that are much ufed by a Perfon efeenid for the Cures he had done on that Difeafe. Take Gambogia, Gum Ammoniacum, ofi each a Dram and a half, Diagridium and Tartar-Vitriolate a Dram, with Syrup of Buck’s-horn, make a Mafs for Pills. Dofe from 15 Grains to half a Dram. An eafy hut effedlual Medicine for the Roughnefs of the Lips, and to heal Parts that have the Scarf-skin worn off. Take 2 Parts of Wax, and x of the frelhelt Butter, melt and incorporate them over a gentle Eire, and then let Receipts /wPhysick, &c. jet the Mixture drop into fmall Cakes, upon a, glaz’d Tile or Place (whether Pewter or Silver) dipt in Water, or elfe upon a Piece of wetted white Paper. ■A not unplea fan t Purge for Children and delicate Perfons. In the Yolk of an Egg diflblve, by rubbing them very well in a clean Glafs or itone Mortar, about 6 Grains of choice Refm of Jalap finely powder’d; and when the Solution is made, incorporate with it little by little z or 3 Ounces of Succory, or fome other convenient Water, which by this Operation will be turned white, and make a kind of Emulfion, which you muft fweeten at Plea- fure, either with fine. Sugar, or fome laxative Syrup, and give it in a Morning falling. rln experienced Medicine for Madnefs (Mania) not 'very oh fin ate. Take two Ounces of the Berries of Box, and infufe them warm in a clofe Veffel, in a Quart of Claret or red Wine, for 48 Hours ; then decant the Liquor, and put to it an equal Quantity of the diftill’d Water of Vervain ; and of this Mixture let the Patient take fix or eight Ounces at a time, and compofe himfelf to fweat and reft after it. This muft be daily done for a pretty while together, if need requires. To prevent a Gangrene upon a great Pain, and to Jirength- en the Part. Take of Melilot Plaifter and Diapalma equal Parts, and having melted and well incorporated them together, make thereof a thin Plaifter; which being prickt full of Holes, is to be laid upon the inflamed or bruifed Part, firft lightly fcarify’d. To make one fpit out Rheum that /wells the Gums, and therewith caufeth the Tooth-ach. Diflblve a Spoonful of good Muftard in about a Pint pf French Wine, (Claret or White) and having warm’d it a little, let the Patient from time to time wafh his Mouth with it, and hold it therein for a pretty while together. 66 \To make an excellent and often tryd Medicine for the Stone, whether of the Kidnies or Bladder. Take of pure white Wine, or Rhenifli Wine, and of Fennel-water, each i Pint. Into this Mixture put half an Ounce of Wood-lice alive and well cleanfed, of a midlingSize, and i Lemon diced ; let them infufe in a Vefiel well fiopt, for three, four, or five Days, and then let the Patient take about four Ounces at a time, twice a Day. The Complete Family-Piece.' An almof fpecifck Remedy for the Thrufh in Children. Take Houfe-leek frelhly gather’d, crufh it well be- tween 2 Plates or otherwife, till you have fqueez’d out the Juice ; mix this with live Honey, enough to make it fomewhat fweet, and then put to it as much finely powder’d Roch Allom as will give it a little Tart- nefs; put fome of this Mixture with a Quill or a Fea- ther down the Patient’s Throat, as far as convenient- ly may be: If there be need, the Part affe&ed may be touched once more within an Hour after. For the Yellow Jaundice. Takeßhubard 2 Drams, Saffron, Mace, of each a Dram, Hemp-feed 1 Handful; bruife them, and put therein a Quart of white Wine, and fet it in a gentle Heat to extra£l; then take Mornings and Evenings in ah empty Stomach, about a Quarter of a Pint ; and when all is {pent, pour on fome more Wine upon the Ingredients, adding a little frefh Rhubarb and Saffron, and ufe it as before. An almeft fpecifck Remedy for Agues. Take Refin of Scammony 12 Grains, Diaphoretic Antimony, and Cryllals of Tartar, of each 8 Grains ; mix thefe carefully, and give them for 1 Dofe, an Hour before the Fit comes. An almojl fpecijick Medicine for Exulceratxons in the Kidneys. Take Jet, and having reduced it to fine Powder, give of it half a Dram for a Dofe, in fome good white Wine Receipts in P h y s i c k, <&c. in the Morning falling, and at Bed-time, for fome Days together. For an Ague. Take the Soot that is in a Baker’s Chimney, and Milliard, and Rue, and white Wine Vinegar, and Sal- lad Oil, and fome white Pepper and Ginger, and make a Poultice of it, and lay it to the Pulfe of the Arm, and let it lie a Fortnight or three Weeks. If you will, lay it on jull before the Fit comes. Fin eajy but effectual Method to pop Bleeding in Wiunds, and check fome other Haemorrhages. Strew upon the Part the Powder of clear Rofm beaten very fmall. For fcrophulous Humours of Children,, Eyes, (and other Parts.) Take Figwort, and put 2 Handfuls of it to a Pottle of fmall Ale ; of this give a Quarter or half a Pint at a Dofe The Operation will be promoted by quenching feven or eight times in this Liquor a Gad of Steel, about eight or ten Inches long. Againfi the Vertigo. Take of Cyprus Roots 2 Ounces, of Annlfe-feed half an Ounce ; make of both a very fine Powder, and take as much as you can lay on a Sixpence, in a Spoonful of Wine, Beer or Ale, when you go to Bed. This Medi- cine continued for five Nights, (befides other Patients) cured a Woman, who for divers Years was troubled with a Vertigo, and had ufed all Sorts of other Remedies, preferibed to her by London Phyficians, to little or no Purpofe. An eafy Medicine to cleanfe the Womb, efpecially after Child-bearing. Take a large white Onion of about 4 Ounces in Weight, (if you can get fo big a one) and boil it in a- bout a Pint of Water, with any thing fit to make a very thin Broth, till a third Part or more of the Li- quor be confumed; Of this Broth, which may be made a little palatable with Nutmeg, ise. the Patient is to take fix or eight Ounces twice or thrice a Day. The Complete Family-Piece, For the Cholick, and dimers other Dijlempers. Take 4 or 5 Balls of freih Stone-Horfe Dung, and let them fteep for about a Quarter of an Hour (or lefs) in a Pint of white Wine, in a Veffel well llopt, that the Liquor may be richly impregnated with the more vola- tile and fubtil Parts of the Dung ; ftrain this, and give of it from a Quarter to half a Pint, or fome Ounces more at a time, the Patient having a Care not to take cold after it. A paralle Medicine for the Stone. Take of the Seed of Flixwood, and give of it about as much as will lie upon a Shilling, either whole or grofs- ly bruifed, in any convenient Vehicle. To clear the Eyes, even from Films. Take Paracelfus’S Zebethum Occidentale, {viz. hu- man Dung) of a good Colour and Confidence, dry it flowly till it be pulverable ; then reduce it into an im- palpable Powder, which is to be blown once, twice, or thrice a Day as Occafion fhall require, into the Patient’s Eyes. A good Medicine for a nemoly taken, iho violent Cold. Take about 4 Ounces of Spring-water, and in a con- venient Veffel j put to it 3 Leaves of good Tuflilago,. (Colt’s foot) and a Pugil of Maiden-hair, and a Stick of Liquorilh for Bignefs and Length like the fartheft Joint of the little Finger. Make the Water warm, and when it is ready to boil, put in the fore mentioned Ingredi- ents, the Liquorilh being firfi: lliced and minced, cover the Pot well ; let it boil for a few Walms, then take it off the Fire, and having prefently ftrain’d it, let the Patient drink it hot like Tea, he being already in Bed. Do this three or four Nights fucceffively, or till there be no more need of the Medicine. Receipts in P h y s i c k, ire. 69 A good though uncommon Medicine for the Dropfy. Take Virginian Snake-weed a fufficient Quantity, and having cut and diced it very fmall, infufe it into a com- petent Quantity of good Sack, till the Liquor be very ilrongly impregnated with the Plant. Of this Infufion let the Patient rake three, four, or live Spoonfuls at a time (or more, if the Cafe be urgent) when the Stomach is empty. Another Medicine for the Dropfy. Make an Infufion of Mechoacan in white Wine (an Ounce and half thin diced to a Pint) having infufed 24 Hours, and drank of every Morning lor fome Days, is a mod admirable Thing; and if a little Muftard-feed be infufed in it, it will be fo much the better. An often experienc'd Medicine for Blood-Ihot or inflamed Eyes. Cut a new-laid Egg boil’d hard, into two Halfs, (without taking out the Yolks) and apply one of thefe confiderably warm, but not too hot, to the Part affefted, and keep it on for fome Honrs (fix or eight, if it need fo long.) Note nve/l. To the fame Purpofe you may ap- ply with good Effedl, a Poultice made of rotten Apple, the Cold being firft quite taken off. To correß the Laxity of the Gums, andfafen the Teeth. To a Pint of red or Claret Wine, take'about 2 Drams of Japan Earth, and having diflblved fo much as you can, pour off the dear, and let the Patient walh his Mouth therewith from time to time. An uncommon lut ejfeßual Fomentation for Tumours, ac- companied nxiith Jharp Humours. To a Gallon of Spring-water put as much dry’d Sage as you judge will afford a Decoftion ftrong enough of the Herb. Into this, when it firft grows hot, call a- bout 2 Ounces or fome Drams of Caf ile Soap, and let it diflblve there till your Decodion be completed. With this and Stupes foment the Part for a good while to- gether. The Complete Family-Piece. An often prondd Remedy to bring away what is, or Jhoutd not be left in the Womb of a Puerpera, though it were Part of a dead Child. With the Juice of Sheeps-forrel, and fome of the ftrong Infufion of the fame Herb (unprefs’d) in Water, and a fufficient Quantity of Sugar, make a Syrup; of which let the Patient take about a Spoonful, (a little more or lefs, as need may require) twice or thrice a Day, cgu prevent the Fits of an Ague, or cure that Difeafe. Take of the Scraping or Gratings of the Root of An- gelica, and the Flowers of Antimony, of each half a Dram, choice Canary 3 Ounces. Infufe in a cold Place for one or two Days, and pour off the clear for two Do- fes. It is a fingular good Vomit for the Cure of Agues of all Sorts, being given in the Morning falling, four or fix Hours before the coming of the Fit; and if it be not a Quotidian Ague, then on the intermitting Day. For the Cholick, Orange Peels dry’d till one may grate them to Pow- der ; and when they are pulverized, take about a Spoon- ful of the Powder at a Time, mixt with a little white Sugar to fweeten it, in or before fome Spoonfuls of any convenient Vehicle. An approved Remedy for prefent Deafnefs. Take of the Breaft-Milk of a Woman that has had her firft Male-Child fome Time before, and drop three or four Drops of it warm, as it comes from the Nipple, into the Part affe&ed. An external Remedy, almof fpecifick for the Leprofy. Take Pomatum 1 Ounce, Flower of Sulphur 1 Dram, Sal Prunella; half an Ounce; and having mixt them very well together, from Time to Time anoint the Part afie£le£l therewith, as long as there is need. Receipts inV hysick, &c Take green Hemlock that is tender, and put it in your Socks, fo that it may lie thinly between them and the Soles of your Feet; Ihift the Herbs once a Day* For the Head-ach. For the Hiccough [even in Fevers.) Give 2 or 3 preferv’d Damiens at a Time. An eafy prepar'd hut ufeful Drink for a beginning Scurvy. To a Quart of fmall Beer or fmall Ale, put over Night about a Handful of Scurvy-grafs Leaves, and let the Patient drink this Liquor at Dinner for his ordinary Drink for fix or eight Weeks together. An excellent Remedy for an Inflammation in the Eyes. Take a Pippin, (or other Apple) cut it into two Halfs, take out all the Core of each of them, fill up the Ca- vities with the tender Tops of common Wormwood, tie the Half together, and roaft the Apple well. Then beat it and the Herb together to a kind of Poultice, and ap- ply it warm (but not hot) to the Part affefted, and bind it thereon, letting it lie all Night; or, if you ufe it in the Day-time, for fix or eight Hours. A ufeful Drink for the King’s Evil, and fame Affections that have the like Caufe to it. Takeaiarge Handful (or two little Phyfical Handfuls) of the Leaves of Ground-Ivy green, or (if the Seafon denies you them) well dry’d ; walk off the Dull with Beer, not Water, and put the Herb into a Gallon of Ale-wort; when it is ripe for drinking, draw it out in- to Bottles, and let the Patient take a Draught of it twice or thrice a Day ; or, if it be thought fit, it may be ufed at Meals. Another Medicine for the King s Evil. Give daily feme Spoonfuls of the following Liquor; Take white Wine a Quart, Juice of Peliitory of the Wall a Pint, Spirit of Wine half a Pint, Sal Prunella; an Ounce; mix and dillblve, then pour off the clear, and fweeten with white Sugar, Dofe fix Spoonfuls Morn- ing and Night. 72 The Complete Family-Piece. An approved Remedy for the King’s Evil. Set a Quart of new Milk on the Fire till it juft boils up; then take it off, and put into it 2 Spoonfuls of the beft Honey, and ftir it till it be diflblved ; And then fet it on the Fire again, and let it boil two or three Walms. Then divide it into four Parts, and drink one Part warm early in the Morning, another about Ten of the Clock, another about Four in the Afternoon, and the laft a little before Bed-time. Do this daily for two or three Months, except you purge, which mull be once a Week, taking (if a grown Man) three Quarters of an Ounce of Caryocoftinum diftblved in Poflet-drink. Drefs the Sores, if they run, with any drawing Sear-cloth, or a Plailter of Burgundy Pitch. The Medicine, tho’ not very promiling, is very famous by the many Cures done with it by a charitable Lady, of whofe ingenious Chap- lain I procured this. An excellent Medicine to be vfed Topically in Gleetings. Take 4 Ounces of Spring-water, [or Plantane-water] and diflblve in it about 1 Scruple of the Sympathetick Powder, or fo much as will give it a fenftble, yet but faint Vitriol-like Tafte: And of this Mixture injeCt as much as is ufual of a fmall Syringe every Morning and Evening, as long as need require, directing the Patient to retain the injected Liquor as long as conveniently he can. An approved Medicine in the Biting of a Viper. Take of white Hore-hound, and apply the Plant well beaten into the Form of a Poultice to the Part af- fected, and give the Patient a Spoonful or two of the Juice of the fame Herb to drink: ’Tis alfo very good for the Jaundice. !The Cinna?non-Drink, gccd in Gripes and Fluxes, &c. Take 2 Ounces of calcin’d Harts-horn, powder if, and boil it in 3 Pints of Spring-water till a Pint be wafted; then take it off the Fire, and infufe in it an Ounce and half of good Cinnamon, fetting it upon embers in a co- Receipts in P h y s i c ic, <&c. vefd Veffel for about an Hour. Then fweeten it with Sugar to your Palate, and drink about a Quarter of a Pint at a Time. If taken for Prevention only, a fourth Part of Cinnamon will ferve the Turn. Another Medicine for Gripes and Fluxes. Take Tinfture of Corn-Poppy Flowers made with common Spirit of Wine ; of this you may give from a Spoonful to 2 Spoonfuls, in Spirit of Opium half an Ounce, mixt with black Cherry-water 4 Ounces. This gives Eafe upon the Spot. A good Medicine for the Supprejfion of the Men fes. Give for three Mornings together, about the expeft- edTime of the Monthly Evacuation, a Dram, or a Dram and a half, or thereabouts, of the Galls and Livers of Eels dry’d and made into Powder. An experienc'd Remedy to prevent Apopleftick Fits, Make at the croffing of the Sutures an Iflue, with Di- apalma and Oil of Vitriol, and keep it open the ordi- nary Way. % dry up, or correft the Humour that males fcrophulous Ulcers. Take of the Bone of the Cuttle-filh, and having re- duced it to an impalpable Powder, give about 1 Dram of it at a Time in any convenient Vehicle. For moft Allhmatick Difempers. Take of the Roots of Elecampane thinly lliced 1 Ounce, of the Leaves of Ground-Ivy, a good Handful, Boil thefe in 3 Pints of Spring-water to a Quart; then ftrain the Deception, fweeten it with a little live Honey, and let the Patient take five, fix or feven Spoonfuls at a Time. N. B. Remember the Efficacy of Saffron in the fame Difeafe, as it is recommended by Mr. Ray, in his Catalogue of Plants. Another Medicine for Afthmatick Difempers. Take Juice of Hylfop, choice Honey, of each, z The Complete Family-Piece.' Pounds; mix, boil, fcum, and make a Syrup ; of which let the Sick take 4 Spoonfuls or more. Morning, Noon, and Night. For an Ague. Take of the Bone called Platella, of the Knee of a dead Man, and having reduced it to fine Powder, give of it as much as will lie upon a Groat or a Sixpence for one Dofe, in any proper Conferve, or fit Vehicle, at a convenient Time (before the cold Fit.) A choice Medicine for a flight Stroke or Bruife of the Eye. Take 2 Spoonfuls of Fennel-water, or of Betony- water, and drop into it 3 or 4 Drops (or 5 at moll) of good clarify’d Honey : Shake them well together, and ufe them twice or thrice a Day. But you muft have a ■Care to make this Mixture frefh once in four, or at moll in five Days, efpecially in Summer : For if it be longer kept, it will be apt to grow fowre. An experienc'd Medicine for nvant of Sleep, proceeding from great Heats in the Head. Take the palell Carrots you can get, and fcrape a fufficient Quantity of them to afford Scrapings enough to make a Cataplafm of about two Fingers or two Inches broad, and of the Thicknefs of a Half-Crown Piece of Silver, or there-abouts. Let the Patient apply this in a Pie.ce of double Linnen to his Throat, fo that it may reach to the jugular Velfels on each Side, when he goes to Bed, and let it lie on all Night; (for it will not ea- fily grow dry) if the firft Application do not prevail, ’tis to be apply’d the following Night; and fo a third and fourth time, if need require. A Parahle Medicine that has cured very many, especially Children, and young Boys and Girls, of Convulfive Fits. Take of the Powder (whether made by filing, rafping, or otherwife) of the found Skull of a dead Man, and give of it as much as will lie upon a Groat, made up into a Bolus, with Conferve of Rofemary Flowers (or any other that is proper) to a young Boy or Girl; But in Ferfons more aged and ftrong, the Dole of the Pow- Receipts in P h y s i c k, &c. der muft be augmented to double the Quantity. The Medicine muft be given often, if Neceffity requires it. If the Patient be a Child, it will be ufeful to apply to the Throat a kind of Necklace made of the Roots of Vervain cut into Beads. An approved Medicine for the Bloody-Flux, being good alfo for Pleurifies. Give 2 or 3 Scruples of Plare’s Blood beaten to Pow- der for one Dofe, to be taken in a Spoonful or two or three of Mint-water, or any other lit Vehicle. A very often (though homely) experienc d Remedy for Dy- fenterick and other Fluxes. Take the frelh Dung of a Hog, (and if you can, whilft ’tis yet warm) and boil in a Porringer full of new Milk as much of it as may amount to the Bignefs of a Walnut; and alfo an equal Quantity of line Mutton- Suet lliced very thin. When thefe are well incorporated with the Milk, ftrain them well thro’ a clean Linnen ; and if there be need, fweeten them a little with Loaf- Sugar. Let the Patient take this warm once or twice a Day. A powerful Siyptick to ftench Blood, where it can he ap- plied. Take the fine Powder of Lapis Haematites, made by grinding it exaftly well with an equal or doable Weight of Sal Armoniac; and of this high coloured Sublimate put a little upon the Orifices of the Veflel. For a fight Rednefs of the Eyes. Take of French Barley half an Ounce, and Damask Rofes half an Handful ; Boil them but very little in a Pint of Spring-water, and with this moiften the Part affefted. Another Medicine for a flight Rednefs of the Eyes. Take Frogs Spawn-water a Pint, common Spirit of Wine 4 Ounces; Mix them; walh therewith five or fix 76 The Complete Family-Piecer Times a Day ; and at Bed-time apply over the fore Eyes a Cataplafm of a rotten Apple. A famous Eye-water. Take 2 or 3 Ounces of the Water of fimple Pimper- nel, diftill’d in Balnea, and put this into a little Pot or Porringer of Rofe-Copper; then put into it about the Bignefs of a Hazel-nut, or a Filbert, of ftrong Quick- lime. Cover the Pot, and let the Ingredients lie in it till the Liquor hath acquired a bluilh Colour. Then very warily pour off the clear, and add to it as much live Honey, as will give a little, or but little Tafte. Ufe it after the wonted Manner of fuck Waters; and if you find it too ftrong, dilute it a little with Water of the fame Plant, or good Spring-water, which, for need, may be ufed from firft to laft, inlcead of the Water of Pimpernel. A fafe and ufeful Medicine to ■prevent Drynefs, and fame other DifaJfeAions of the Eyes. Take of choice Virgin-Honey 2 Spoonfuls, of Suc- cory-water, or the diftilled Water, of each 4 Spoonfuls; mix them, and in a very clean Veflel over a gentle Fire, let them evaporate (taking off from time to time any Scum that may arife) till the Mixture be brought to the Confidence of a Syrup (or of Honey); keep this in a •Glafs well ftopt, and make Ufe of it by letting fall a Drop or two, or at mod three of it, at a time, into the Eye. A Medicine to prevent Running of the Eyes, Take white Wine half a Pint, diflblve in it white Vitriol 2 Drams; filter or ftrain, and therein diflblve choice Honey 2 Ounces : With this fill the Eyes two or three times a Day. It is good againft moft Diftempers of the Eyes. Take clean white Chalk, and having dry’d it with a gentle Heat, reduce it to fine Powder ; wet this Pow- der with the exprefs’d Juice of Camomile, and let it dry A choice Medicine for the Cholick. in the Air, without the Heat either of the Fire or of the Sun. This done, wet it again with new Juice of Ca- momile, and let it dry the fecond time as before. Wet and dry it again the third Time, and if you pleafe the 4th Time ; and then reduce the dry Mafs to fine Powder again. Of this Powder let the Patient take at a Time as much as will lie upon a Groat or Sixpence, in fome Spoonfuls of Wine or other proper Vehicle. Receipts k,&c. An excellent Remedy to take off Films, and fuch-like things from the Eyes- Take choice Bole-Armoniac, and reduce it to very fine Powder ; blow this gently into the Eye once, or at moll; twice a day. But if the Patient be fubjeft to, or fearful of any Swelling, Heat, or Difaffeftion in the Eye-lids, incorporate the Powder with a little clarified Honey, An excellent Fumigation for Pains in the Eyes, and over- great Drynefs of them, andwhen one fears the Be- ginning of a Catara£l. Take of Fennel, Hyffop, Betony, Celandine, Car- duus, of each half a Handful, or a Handful ; of the Seeds of Linfeed, Quinces, Fenugreek, Fleawort, of each half a Dram ; of French Barley i Ounce; Boil thefe in 2 Quarts of fair Water, and half a Pint of white Wine; Let the Patient hold his Head over the Fumes for about a Quarter of an Flour every Morning, For a dry Inflammation. Take of Betony, Hyflbp, Rue, Wormwood, Vervain, alfo Sage-flowers and Rofemary-flowers, of each half a Handful; (to which may be ufefully added. Cummin- feeds, Fennel-feeds, and Carduus-feeds, of each a Quar- ter of an Ounce) boil thefe a little in 2 or 3 Quarts of fair Water, and then let the Patient hold his Head for about a Quarter of an Hour over the Steam of this De- coAion, making Ufe of a Napkin to keep the Smoak from diflipating, and direft it to his Eyes. A while af- ter he may put into them, if it be thought fit, a little clarified Honey. The Complete Family-Piece. A very often experienc'd Medicine for Cankers in the Mouth, and elfenvhere. Take Flowers of Sulphur i Ounce, Roch-Allom crude and finely pulverized half an Ouncemix thefe very well together, and incorporate them with as much good Honey as will ferve to bring the Mixture to the Con- fiftence of a Liniment, to be apply’d from time to tun* to the Part affcded. Receipts in Surgery, &c. Take of Lucatellus’s Balfam i Ounce, of Oil of Tur- pentine i Dram ; incorporate them very well with a gen- tle Heat, and anoint the Part affedled therewith, wear- ing on it a Piece of unwalh’d Flannel, befmear’d with the fame Ointment. For an old Ach or Strain. A Plaifer preferred hy an ancient Phyfcian that often try'd it, to the common Soap-plailier. Mix about a Dram of Caflle-foap with x Ounce of Dyachylum, and make thereof a thin Flakier to be worn upon the Part affedted. An excellent Plaijler to Jirengthen the Stomach and Chefi. Take of Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Cloves, and Mace, of each a diffident Quantity ; powder them well, and drew fome of the Powder all over the Bottom of a Deal Box of a convenient Length and Breadth, and fit it with a Cover to {hut clofe; upon this Powder lay a Piece of clean Flannel well dry’d, and drew it over thinly with fome of the fame Powder; then lay on another Piece of the like Flannel of the fame Dimenfions with the for- mer, and upon that likewife, if need be, a little more Powder. This done, dmt the Box till the Time of Ufe, and then take out one of the Pieces of Flannel, and having lightly duded off the Powder, lay it on the Pa- Receipts in S urge ry, &c. tient’s Bread, Stomach, and Belly, and let it lie on there for fome Days. When you perceive its Virtue begin to languilh, you mull fubditute for it the other Piece of Flannel, and put the firft in the Box to receive new Vir- tue, and fo proceed alternatively as long as you need the Medicine, adding now and then fome frefh Powder, if Necelfity requires. Note, That each Piece of Flannel ought to be long and large enough to cover the Bread, and to reach from about the Paps to the Navel, or lower. An ufeful Plaijler for thofe that are troubled nvith the Vapours of the Spleen, and Shortnels of Breath, nvhen'tis a nervous AJfeßion. Take 2 Parts of drain’d Galbanum, and 1 Part of AlTafbecida, arid make thereof, according to Art, a Plaider of about the Signed of the Palm of one’s Hand, taking Care to leave a broad Edge quite round,, to prevent its kicking to one’s Linnen, and putting a pretty large Piece of Cotton in the Middle, that the pums may not touch the Navel; to which the Plaider is to be applied. An excellent Plaifer to dlfcufs Tumours (even fcrophu- lous) that may be refolved, and ripening thofe that it cannot diffipate. Incorporate exaftly with the Emplafrum de Sapone, a- bout a fourth Part of Balfamum Sulphuris ferebinthinati, and ufe it as a Plaider for the above-mentioned Purpo- fes. N. B. In want of this, you may employ Diachylon cum gummis, renewing it once in two or three Days. A Plaifer to prevent Corns. Take yellow Bees-wax 4 Ounces, Verdigreafe exadlly powder’d and fifted x Ounce, the Caput Mortumn of the Scull of a. Man 1 Dram. Incorporate them well with boiling them a little, and make thereof a Plaider ac- cording to Art. ■An cffeßual P laljler for foftening and loofening Corns. Spread a PlaiHer of Gum Ammoniacum, (not too thick) The Complete Family-Piece. without being diffolved in Vinegar, and applying it to the Part affe&ed, let it lie on till it have fufficiently done the defigned Work of Emolition. Jin often trfd Pericarpium or Wrif-plaifler for Defluxions and Fumes of the Eyes. Take Rue, Camomile, Hemlock, Wormwood, of each half a Handful, Bay-falt pulverized about 2 Spoon- fuls, fowre Dough about an Ounce; mix all thefe to- gether very diligently, moiftening them from time to time with Elder Vinegar, to a Confidence fit for Peri- carpia; one of which is to be apply’d to the Wrift of that Side on which the Part affedted is, and to be renew- ed if there be Occafion. An excellent Ointment in the Gout. Take Barbadoes Tar and Palm Oil, of each a like Quantity ; melt them together in no more Fire than is needful to make them incorporate well; with this Mix- ture warm, the Part is to be anointed, and warily chafed. An excellent Ointment for Burns a?id Scald ings. Take of Saccarum Saturni half a Dram, of the fharp- eft Vinegar 4 Ounces ,* make a Solution of the former in the latter, and add to this Solution drop by drop, (often ftirring or fhaking them together) as much Oil of Elder as will ferve to reduce the Mixture into the Form of a Nutritum or Ointment. A powerful difolding Ointment for Warts and divers Tumours. Take May Butter, and having melted it in a mode- rate Heat, mix with it very diligently, but by little and little, as much Oil of Tartar per deliq. as will give it a fenfible, but not a confiderably ftrong Tafte. To make the Flonver of all Salve. Take a Quarter of a Pound of Mutton-Suet, and a Quarter of a Pound of Bees-wax, melt them together over the Fire, then putin a Pound of Rofin, 2 Ounces of Venice Turpentine, an Ounce of Frankinfence, and Receipts &c. half an Ounce of Maftich; let it cool, and make it up for Ufe. To make an excellent Salve for Chilblains. Take half a Pound of Mutton-Suet, melt it and ftrain it, then put to it z Ounces and a half of Burgundy Pitch, and z Ounces of Rofin, let it cool, and make it up- for Ufe. Take a Burdock Root, and a white Lilly Root; walk, dry, and fcrape them ; wrap them in brown Paper, and roaft them in the Embers; when they are foft, take them out, and cut out the Burn or Hard, and beat them in a Mor;ar with Boar’s Greafe and Bean Flower ; when ’tis almoft enough, putinas much of the beft Turpen- tine as will make it fmell of it j then put it in a Pot for Ufe. A Salve for the King’s Evil. The Party muft take inwardly two Spoonfuls of Lime- water in the Morning, and fall: two Hours after it, and do the fame at Four o’Clock in the Afternoon. If there be any Swelling of the Evil, they muft bathe it with this Water a Quarter of an Hour-together, a little warm- ed, and wet a Cloth and bind it on the Place; but if the Skin be broken, only walk it in the Water, and fpread a thin Plaifter of the Salve, and lay on it; Ihift it once a Day ; if very bad, you muft drefs it twice a Day. To make the Llme-vjater. Take a Limeftone as big as a Man’s Head, it muft be well burned; put it into fix Quarts of boiling Water, cover it clofe, but fometimes ftir it; the next Day when ’tis fettled, pour off the clear Water, and keep in Bot- tles for Ufe. A good Salve for fore Lips. Take an Ounce of Bees.wax, put it into an Ounce of good Sallad Oil, melt it over the Fire, and colour it with Alkany Roots; when it has boiled, and is of a fine Red, ftrain it, and drop in three Penny worth of Bal- fam of Peru ; then pour it into the Bottoms of Tea- Cups, that it may come out in Cakes. This is alfo ve- ry good for fore Nipples. The Complete Family-Piece. To make the Black Salve. Take a Pint of the beft Sweet Oil, a Quarter of a Pound of Bees-wax, melt it in the Oil over a gentle Fire, then put in half a Pound of Red Lead, boil it till it be black, which will be in about a Quarter of an Hour, then put it in a Pail of cold Water, and take it out as foon as you can make it into Rolls for Ufe. To make the famous White Salve, which being applied it the Stomach, cures the Pains and Wcakneffes thereof, to the Belly, the Cholick ; and to the Back, the Pains of the Kidnies. Take of the beft Sallad-Oil 3 Pints, of White and Red Lead, of each a Pound ; of Caftle-foap 12 Ounces; in- corporate them well together, and boil till the Mafs is of a grayilh Colour, then take it and make into Rolls, which will keep good a long time. Take 3 Handfuls of Clown’s All-heal, ftamp it and put it in a Pot, and add to it 4 Ounces of Boar’s Greafe, half a Pint of Oil-olive, and Wax 3 Ounces fliced ; boil it till the Juice is confumed, which is known when the Stuff doth not bubble at all; then ftrain it, and put it on the Fire again, adding 2 Ounces of Venice Turpen- tine ; let it boil a little, and put it in Gallipots for Ufe. Melt a little in a Spoon, and if the Cut or Wound be deep, dip your Tents in it; if not, dip Lint and put on it, and defend the Place with a Leaden Plaifter; drefs it once a Day. VI Green Salve. To make the Yellow Salve for a Dropfcal Leg. Takeßofm, Frankincenfe, Bees-wax, and Hog’s Fat, of each an Ounce ; boil them all together a very little while, then pour it into a Pot for Ufe. To snake a good Pile Ointment. Take 2 Handfuls of Pile-wort, and 1 Handful of the Roots, and ftamp them, then put to it a Handful of Hagtaber, a Pound of Adders Tongue ; boil it Up with a Pound of Lard, and ftrain it off as it boils. Receipts in Surgery, &c. Take of Rofemary, brown Sage, Fennel, Camomile, Hyfop, Balm, Woodbine Leaves, Southernwood, Parfley, Wormwood, Self-heal, Rue, Elder Leaves, Clown’s All- heal, Burdock Leaves, of each i Handful; put them into a Pot with very ftrong Beer, or Spirits enough to cover them well, and 2 Pounds of frefh Batter out of the Churn; cover it up with Pade, and bake it with Bread, and when ’tis baked, drain it out. When ’tis cold, feum off the Butter and melt it, and put it in a Gallipot for life. The Liquor is very good to dip Flan- nels into, and bathe any green Bruife or Ache as hot as can be borne. The Bruife Ointment. To make an excellent Ointment for Burns. Take of Rue, Wormwood, Rofemary, Sage, Bay Leaves, of each a Handful, 2 Quarts of the belt Oil, and 3 Pounds of Mutton Suet, chop it with the Herbs, put it into a Glafs, and let it hand ten Days, then put it into a Skillet or Pipkin, and drain it off as it boils. To make anOintment nvhich fpeedily cures the Itch. Take an Handful of the Red or Yellow Dock Roots ferap’d clean, and cut into thin Slices, damp them, and put them into half a Pound of frelh Butter or Hogs Lard; let them boil gently for almod an Hour, then take from the Fire, and prefs the Liquor out, and put to it a Spoonful of Black Pepper powder’d, and half as much Ginger ; if you would have it more drying, put to it a Spoonful of Red Lead finely powder’d ; anoint where it is fore twice a Day, An Ointment for a feald Head. Take 1 Pound of May Butter without Salt, out of the Churn, a Pint of Ale not too dale, a good Handful of green Wormwood; let the Ale be hot, and put in the Butter to melt, flared the Wormwood, and let them boil together till it turns green; drain it, and when ’tis cold take the Ointment from the Dregs. The Complete Family-Piece. The Lord Chefterfield’r excellent Powder to help Delivery. Take of Cummin Seeds, Saffron, Grains of Paradife, Date-flones, and white Amber, of each equal Parts; re- duce it into fine Powder, of which give a Scruple in Ex- tremity, in a Draught of burnt Claret, or Mace Ale ; to be repeated as there is Occafion. An excellent Worm-powder for Children. Take of Worm-feeds, Sena, Annifeeds and Rue, of each an Ounce; Rhubarb half an Ounce; Savin 2 Drams; all thefe muft be finely dry’d and powder’d, and fifted and mixed together ; and give as much of it as will lie on half a Crown in Treacle three Mornings and three Evenings, at the Change of the Moon, and at the full. An Ointment to caufe Hair to grow. Take 2 Ounces of Boar’s Greafe, of the Afhes of burnt Bees, and the Afhes of Southernwood, the Juice of a white Tilly Root, Oil of Sweet Almonds, each i Dram, and 6 Drams of pure Musk; and, according to Art, make an Ointment of thefe; and the Day before the full Moon, fhave the Place, and anoint it every Day with this Oint- ment. It will caufe Hair to grow where you will have it. Oil of Sweet Almonds, or Spirit of Vinegar, is very good to rub the Head with, if the Hair grows thin. A good Sort of Gafcoign Powder for Fevers, Small-Pox or Surfeits. Take prepar’d Crabs-eyes, Red Coral, White Amber very finely powder’d, of each half an Ounce, burnt Harts-horn half an Ounce, 1 Ounce of Pearls very fine- ly powder’d, 1 Ounce of Oriental Bezoar, of the black Tops of Crabs-claws finely powder’d 4 Ounces; grind all thefe on a Marble Stone, ’till they call a greenifh Co- lour ; then make it into Balls with Jelly made of Englijh Vipers Skin, which may be made, and will jelly like Harts-horn. A Powder that has rejlored Sight njohen almoft loji. Take of Betony, Celandine, Saxafrage, Eye-bright. Receipts /^Surgery,&c. Penny-royal and Levifticum, of each i Handful, of An- nifeeds and Cinnamon, of each half an Ounce ; take al- fo of Grains of Paradife, Ginger, Hyfop, Parfley, Ori- gany, Ofier of the Mountain, of each i Dram; Galengal and Sugar, of each i Ounce; Make all into a fine Pow- der, and eat of it every day with your Meat fuch a Quan- tity as you ufed to eat of Salt, and inftead of Salt; Ofier, you muft have that at the Phyfick Garden. A Plaifter to cure Corns. Take x Ounce of yellow Bees-wax, half an Ounce of Verdigreafe finely powder’d, the Caput Mortuum of a Man’s Scull a Dram; incorporate them well by boiling them a little, and make a Plaifter. Dr. HallV Plaifter for an Ague. Take one Penny worth of black Soap, one Penny worth of Gun-powder, i Ounce of Tobacco Snuff and a Glafs of Brandy; mix thefe in a Mortar very well to* gether, fpread Plaifters on Leather for theWrifts, and lay them on an Hour before you expedl the Fit. Aftrengthening Plaifter for the Back. Take half a Pint of Oil of Rofes, 4 Ounces of white Lead finely powder’d ; firft put the Oil over the Fire, and when ’tis a little warm, put into it the white Lead, and a Quarter of a Pound of Bees-wax cut very thin, keep it continually ftirring till it is thoroughly incorpo- rated, and looks blackilh ; then take it off the Fire, and as it cools put in a Dram of Camphire; of white Saunders and Myrrh powder’d, of each 2 Drams ; of fine Bole and Terra fgillata, of each 1 Dram : Continue ftirring it till it is quite cold, make it into Rolls, and ufe it as you have Occafion; for any Weaknefs, Wafting, or Pain in the Kidnies, it is of fingular Ufe. A Plaifter for the Feet in a Fever, Take of Briony Roots 1 Pound, Tops of Rue a Handful, black Soap 4 Ounces, and Bay Salt 2 Ounces; beat all thefe in a Malh, and out of this {pread on a Cloth for both Feet, apply it warm, and few Cloths The Complete Family-Pieced over them, and let them lie twelve Hours; if there be Occafion, renew them three times. An excellent Plaifer, which being apply d to the Nape of the Neck, prevents the Rheum from falling on the Eyes, or any Part ofjhe Head. Take of Gum Tragacanth, Maftich, Olibanum and Bole Armoniac, of each 3 Drams; Myrtle Seeds and Pomegranate Flowers, of each a Dram, Gum Elymi 3 Drams, IBurgundy Pitch half a Pound, Venice Turpen- tine half an Ounce,- melt the Burgundy Pitch and the Gum Elymi together, then put in the other Things be- ing powder’d, and laft of all the Turpentine ; fiir them well together, and make into Rolls; apply upon a Piece of Sheep’s Leather to the Nape of the Neck. A Powder for Convulfion Fits. Take a Dram and half of fingle Piony-feed, of Mifie- toe of the Oak 1 Dram, Pearl, white Amber, and Co- ral, all finely powder’d, of each half a Dram, Eezoar 2 Drams, and 5 Leaves of Gold ; make all thefe up in a fine Powder, and give it in a Spoonful of black Cher- ry-water, or if you pleafe Hyfierical-water, You may give to a Child new-born, to prevent Fits, as much as will lie on a Threepence, and likewife at each Change of the Moon ; and to older People as much as they have Strength and Occafion. A Plaifer for an Ague Take right Venice Turpentine, and mix with it the Powder of white Hellebore Roots, till ’tis ftiff enough to fpread on Leather. It mud be laid all over the Wriir, and over the Bajl of the Thumb fix Hours before the Fit comes. A Remedy for Corns. Take Ammoniacum llrained, Emplafrum Diapalmai of each an Ounce, Arcanum Corallinum half an Ounce, white Precipitate z Drams: Mix them well together. Receipts &c. 87 and apply it only over the Corn, being firft cut as clofe as it conveniently can be. An often try d Remedy for Corns. Take the Juice of Houfleek, and mix it up with a- bout equal Parts of the thick Balm or Yell that Hicks to the Barrel, or to the Clay that Hops it. Of thefe make a kind of Planter, which being kept upon the Toe for a while, and then, if need be, renew’d, will make the Corn very Toft, and eafy to be drawn out and extirpated. Balfamss Conferves> and Syrups. To make a fmple hut excellent Balfam to {tench the Blood of frelh Wounds newly made, and to heal them fpee~ dily. Take good Venice Turpentine, and in a Limbeck, or fome other convenient VelTel, diftil off a good Part of it with a very moderate Fire, till there remains a thick Subllance, yet not like Colophony, but of a liquid and balfamick Confidence. What you have diftill’d off let afide for other Ufes, for the remaining Subllance is what we now feek for, and is to be apply’d as a Balfam both per fe, and with Piagets and other Helps, Balfam of Tolu. Take an Ounce of Balfam of Tolu, the neweft you can get, and put it into a Quart ©f Spring-water, and boil it to a Pint; then pour it on a Quart of Wood Strawberries that are full ripe; let it Hand cover’d till it be cold ; malh the Strawberries while it is warm ; llrain it, and put to it a Pound and half of double refined Su- gar. Let it Hand one Day, then boil it up to a thick The Complete Family-Piece.’ Syrup in Bell-Metel or Silver. This is an excellent Re- medy for Coughs and Shortnefs of Breath in Children. To make Lucatellus’s Balfam to take imvardly. Take a Quart of the pureft Oil, and half a Pound of yellow Bees-wax, 4 Ounces of Venice Turpentine, 6 Ounces of liquid Storax, 2 Ounces of Oil Hipericon, 2 Ounces of natural Balfam, red Rofe-Water half a Pint, and as much Plantane-water, red Sanders fix Penny worth. Dragon’s Blood fix Penny worth, Mummy fix .Pennyworth, and of Rofemary and Bays, of each half a handful, and Sweet-marjoram half a Handful ; put the Herbs, the Dragon’s Blood, the Wax, and Mummy, into a Pipkin ; then put the Oil, the Turpentine, the Oil Hipericon, the Storax, the Rofe-water, the Plantane- water, and a Quart of Spring-water, and if you pleafe, feme Irijh Slate, feme Balm of Gilead, and fome Sper- ma Cete into another Pipkin ; fet both the Pipkins over a foft Fire, and let them boil a Quarter of an Flour ; then take it off the Fire, and put in the natural Balfam and red Sanders; give them a Boil, and lirain all in both Pipkins together into an earthen Pan. Let it Hand till kis cold, then pour the Water from it and melt it again ; ftir it off the Fire till ’tis almoft cold, then put it into Gallypots; and cover it with Paper and Leather. Take S Ounces of Burgundy Pitch, 3 Ounces and half of yellow Bees-wax diced, 1 Pound of Deer’s Suet, 1 Ounce of Venice Turpentine beaten up in Plantane-wa- ter, half a Pint of red Rofes, a Quarter of a Pint of Vinegar of red Rofes, 24 Cloves of Garlick, and of Sak-petre dried before the Fire half the Quantity of a Nutmeg; bruife the Garlick in a Stone Mortar, and fet the Oil, Vinegar, and Garlick, in an earthen Pipkin over the Fire; let it boil gently half an Hour; then put in the Pitch and Wax, and when that is melted, put in the Suet, and 1 Ounce of Palm Oil; then let it boil a Quarter of an Hour longer ; then take it off the Fire, and put in the Turpentine and Sak-petre; fet it over the Fire again for a little while > then take it off, and let it The Yellow Balfam. Balfams, Conserves, Syrups. fiand to cool, then pour it gently into your Gallipots; be fure you put in no Dregs; the Vinegar will fall to the Bottom; tie the Gallipots down with Leather. ’Tis an excellent Salve for fore Legs, Boils, Whitlows, fore Breads, and may fafely be ufed to draw Corruption out of any Sore ; put a little of it on Lint, and put a Plai- ner of the black Salve over it. A to pot Eels. Take almoft the double Weight of Fat to your lean Pork, and pick both clean from Bones, Skin, and Ker- nels ; Hired it feverally very fine; then mix and Hired it together, and to 4 Pounds of this Meat you may put a very large Nutmeg, the Weight of the Nutmeg in Cloves To make Saufages. The Complete Family-Piece. and Mace, and aimed the Weight of all the Spice in Pepper; beat all fine, and let your Heap of Salt be as big again as the Spice and Pepper; fhred a large Hand- ful of frefh Sage, and a little Thyme, very fine ; grate 2 Spoonfuls of white Bread, and take z Yolks of Eggs, mix all very well together, and fill your Skins; If you love Oyders, half a Pint fnred to this Quantity, gives it a rich Tafte; thefe roll and fry without Skins, and keep better in a Pot; add the Yolks of Eggs when you ufe them. Norfolk Links are only fat and lean Pork more grofly cut; and the Seafoning,. Pepper, Salt, and a large Quantity of Sage Hired fmall, and put in large Skins. Receipts in Pastry, &c To make Gingerbread without Butter. Take 2 Pounds of Treacle, candied Orange, Lemon, and Citron Peel, and candied Ginger, of each a Quar- ter of a Pound, all diced thin ; of Carraway-feeds and Coriander-feeds, and beaten Ginger, of each an Ounce ; mix it with as much Flour as will make it into a foft Pafte, lay it in Cakes on Tin-plates, and bake it in a quick Oven ; keep it dry, and it will be good fome Months. Take z Pounds of the fined double refin’d Sugar, beat and fift it very fine, and likewife beat and lift a little Starch and mix with it; then beat 6 Whites of Eggs to a Frothy and put to it fome Gum water ; the Gum mud be deep- ed in Orange-flower Water ; then mix and beat all thele together two Hours, and put it on your Cake ; when ’tis baked, fet it in the Oven a Quarter of an Hour, To ice a great Cake. To 3 Pounds of Flour put i Pound of Butter; rub half of it in your Flour, and work it up light with fair Water ; you may put i Egg in if youpleafe, then roll To make Puff-pafle. Receipts in Pas try, &c. it out, and lay about 20 little bits upon it the bignefs of a large Nutmeg, and fold it up and roll it out again; then butter it and fold it up again and flour it; do thus three times, then roll it out for Ufe, and it will rife well. This Pafte ferves on feveral Occafions. Take 3 Eggs and beat them well together, put to them 3 Spoonfuls of cold Water, then break in a Pound of Butter; while you are working it all together, let fome Flour be fliak’d in, and work it together, Hill ftrewing in more Flour till ’tis a pretty ftiff Pafte, then roll it out for Tarts; it keeps crifper and longer than Puff-Cruft for moft Ufes. A wry good Cruft for Tarts. Icing for Tarts. Take a Quarter of a Pound of fine Loaf-fugar, beat it very fine, and fift it; put it into your very clean Mor- tar, with the White of 1 Egg, and 2 Spoonfuls of Rofe or Orange-flower Water; ftir it all oneWay, till your Tarts are baked, and almoft cold ; then ftrike them all over the Top, with a fmall Bunch of Feathers dipt in this Icing, and fet them into your cool Oven again till they are harden’d ; take Care they do not grow difco- lour’d by Handing too long. To a Peck of Flour, you mull have 3 Quarters the Weight in Batter ; dry your Flour well, and lay it on a Table; make a Hole, and put in it a Dozen Whites of Bggs well beaten, but firft break into it a third Part of your Butter ; then with Water make up your Pafte ; then roll it out, and by Degrees put in the reft of your Butter. Puff-pafte. Puff-pafte for Tarts. Rub a Quarter of a Pound of Butter into a Pound of fine Flour ; then whip the Whites of z Eggs to Snow, and with cold Water and i Yolk make it into a Pafte j £n roll it abroad, and put in by Degrees a Pound of Butter, flowering it over the Butter every time, and roll it up, and roll it out again, and put in more Batter; 140 fo do for fix or feven Times, till it has taken up all the Pound of Butter. This Pafte is good for Tarts, or any fmall Things. The Complete Family-Piece. Rub 6 Pounds of Butter into of Flour; put to it 8 Eggs, whip the Whites to Snow, and make it in a pretty ftiff Pafte, with cold Water. Pafte for Pallies. Almond Puffs. Take half a Pound of Jordan Almonds, blanch and beat them very fine with 3 or 4 Spoonfuls of Rofe-wa- ter ; then take half an Ounce of the fineft Gum-dragant fteeped in Rofe-water three or four Days before you ufs it; then put it to the Almonds, and beat it together; then take three Quarters of a Pound of double refin’d Sugar beaten and fifted, and a little fine Flour, and put to it ; roll it in what Shape you pleafe; lay them on white Paper, and put them in an Oven gently hot, and when they are baked enough, take them off the Papers, and put them on a Sieve to dry in the Oven, when ’tis aim oft cold. Take a Pound and a Quarter of double refin'd Sugar beaten and fifted, and grate the Rinds of 2 Lemons, and mix well with the Sugar ; then beat the Whites of 3 new-laid Eggs very well, and mix it well with your Sugar and Lemon-peel; beat them together an Hour and a Quarter; then make it up in what Form you pleafe; be quick to fet them in a moderate Oven ; don’t take them off the Papers till cold. Lemon Puffs. Boil a Pound of double refin’d Sugar up to a thin Candy; then have in Readinefs half a Pound of Al- monds blanched, and finely beaten with fame Rofe or Orange-flower Water, the Juice of i Lemon, the Peels of 2 grated into the Juice; put all thefe together, ftir them over a gentle Fire till all the Sugar is well melted, but be fure it does not boil after the Lemon is in ; then put it into your clear Cake Glaffea; perfume them, and Almond Caffes. when they are a little dry, cut them into what Shape you pleafe. Receipts &c. N 141 Grate off the yellow Rind of you Lemon, and fqueeze your Juice to that Peel; take 2 Apples to every Lemon, pare and core them, and boil them clear, then put them to your Lemon; to a Pound of this put 2 Pounds of double refin’d Sugar, then order it as the Orange. Lemon Cakes. Orange Cakes. Cat your Oranges, pick out all your Meat and Juice free from the Strings and Seeds, and fet it by ; then boil it and drift the Water till your Peels are tender; dry them in a Cloth, and mince them fmall, and put them to the Juice; to a Pound of that weigh a Pound and half of double refin’d Sugar; dip your Lumps of Sugar in Water, and boil it to a Candy height; take it off the Fire and put in your Juice and Peel; ftir it well, and when ’tis almoft cold put it in a Bafon and fet it in a Stove; then lay it thin on earthen Plates to dry, and as it candies falhion it with your Knife; and as they dry, lay them on Glafs ; when your Plate is empty, put more out of your Bafon. Take your Goofeberries, or other Fruit, and put them in an earthen Pot ftopt very clofe, and put them in a Kettle of Water, and let them boil till they break: then take them out, and run them through a Cloth; take the Weight of the Liquor in Sugar; boil the Sugar Candy-height; then put in your Juice, and let it Hand over a few Embers to dry till ’tis thick like Jelly; if you fear it will change Colour, put in three or four Drops of Juice of Lemon ; pour it into your clear Cake Glaffes, and dry them with a Fire. Clear Cakes of any Fruit. Take 6 Pounds of Currants, 5 Pounds of Flour, an Ounce of Cloves and Mace, a little Cinnamon, half an Ounce of Nutmegs, half a Pound of pounded and blanched Almonds, half a Pound of Sugar, three Quar- A Plumb-Cake. 142 ters of a Pound of diced Citron, Lemon and Orange- peel, half a Pint of Sack, a little Honey-water, and a Quart of Ale Yeaft, a Quart of Cream, a Pound and a half of Butter melted and poured into the Middle there- of; then drew a little Flour thereon, and let it lie to rife ; then work it well together, and lay it before the Fire to rife, then work it up till it is very fmcoth; then put it in an Hoop with a Paper floured at the Bottom. The Complete Family-Piece. A Carraway-Cake without Yeaft. Take 3 Pounds of Flour, and 4 Pounds of fmgle refin’d Sugar beat, and finely fifted, mix this with a Pound and half of Carraway-feeds; to this Quantity you muft take 4 Pounds of Butter, which muft be work’d in 8 Spoonfuls of Orange-flower Water till ’tis perfectly mix’d, and looks like Cream; break 20 Eggs, but half of the Whites, beat them well ; and in beating add 6 Spoonfuls of Sack ; ftrew in the Four, Sugar, and Seeds, .by little and little, into the Eggs and Butter, with a Pound of candy’d Citron, Lemon and Orange-peel. Let the firft Fiercenefs of your Oven be over, before you put the Cake in, for fear of fcorching ; for the Oven muft be hot, and you muft keep beating your Cake, till it goes into the Hoop, which muft be juft as the Oven is ready. A good Seed Cake. Take 5 Pounds of fine Flour well dried, and 4 Pounds of fmgle refin’d Sugar beaten and fifted ; mix the; Sugar and Flour together, and fift them through a Hair-lieve; then wafn 4 Pounds of Butter in 8 Spoon- fuls of Rofe or Orange-flower Water; you mull work the Butter with your Hand till ’tis like Cream ; beat 20 Eggs, half the Whites, and put to them 6 Spoonfuls of Sack; then put in your Flour a little at a Time, keeping ftirring with your Hand all the Time; you muft not begin mixing it till the Oven is almoft hot ; you muft let it lie a little while before you put your Cake into the Hoop ; when you are ready to pat it into the Oven, put into it 8 Ounces of candied Orange-peel fliced, and as much Citron, and a Pound and half of Carraway- comfits; mix all well together, and put it in the Hoop, Receipts in Pastry, <&c. 143 which muft be prepared at Bottom, and butter’d; the Oven muft be quick ; it will take two or three Hours baking. You may ice it if you pleafe. Take 2 Pounds of Flour, and rub into it half a Pound of Butter ; then put to it fome Spice, a little Salt, a Quarter and half of Sugar, and half a Pound of Rai- ttns ttoned, and half a Pound of Currants; make thefe into a Cake, with half a Pint of Ale Yeaft, and 4 Eggs, and as much warm Milk as you fee convenient; mix it well together, an Hour and half will bake it. This Cake is good to eat with Butter for Breakfafts. To snake an ordinary Cake to eat with Butter. Take 6 Pounds oi hne b lour, rub into it a Thimble- full of Carraway-feeds finely beaten, and 2 Nutmegs grated, and Mace beaten ; then heat a Quart of Cream, hot enough to melt a Pound of Butter in it, and when ttis no more than blood-warm ; mix your Cream and Butter with a Pint of good Ale Yeaft, and then wet your Flour with it; make it pretty thin ; juft before it goes into the Oven, put in a Pound of rough Carra- ways, and fome Citron fliced thin. Three Quarters of an Hour in a quick Oven will bake it. An ordinary Seed-Cake. Shrewsberry Cakes. Take to 1 Pound of Sugar, 3 Pounds of the fineft Flour, a Nutmeg grated, iome Cinnamon ; the Sugar and Spice muft be lifted into the Flour, and wet it with 3 Eggs, and- as much melted Butter as will make it of a good Thicknefs to roll into Pafte ; mould it well and roll it, and cut it in what Shape you pleafe. Perfume them, and prick them before they go into the Oven. Take i Pound of doable refin’d Sugar fitted; mix it with the Whites of 3or 4 Eggs well beat into this df°p as much chymical Oil of Wormwood as you pleafe. So drop them on Paper; you may have fome white, and fome ma.ble, with Specks of Colours, with the Point Wormwood Cakes. of a Pin ; keep your Colours feverally in little Galli- pots. For red, take a Dram of Cochineel, a little Cream of Tartar, as much of Allum ; tie them up fe- vcrally in little Bits of line Cloth, and put them to keep in one Glafs of Water two or three Hours. When you ufe the Colour, profs the Bags in the Water, and mix fome of it with a little of the White of Egg and Sugar. Saffron colours yellow, and mull be tied in a Cloth, as the red, and put in Water. Powder-blue, mix’d with the Saffron-water, makes a green ; for Blue, mix fome dry Powder-blue with fome Water. The Complete Family-Piece. Pare your Oranges very thin, and take off the white Rinds in Quarters; boil the white Rinds very tender, and when they are enough, take them up, and ferape the Black off, and fqueeze them between two Trenchers; beat them in a Hone Mortar to a fine Pulp with a little Sugar, pick the Meat out of the Oranges from the Skins and Seeds, and mix the Pulp and Meat together, and take the Weight and half of Sugar; boil the Su- gar to a Candy-height, and put in the Oranges; ftir them well together, and when ’tis cold drop them on a Pye-plate, and fet them in a Stove. You may perfume them. To the Rinds of fix Oranges put the Meat of nine Lemons. Cakes are made the fame Way, only as many Rinds as Meat, and twice the Weight of Sugar. Orange Cakes. Take 2 Pounds of fine Flour, a Pint of Ale Yeaft; put a little Sack in the Yeaft, and 3 Eggs beaten ; knead all thefe together with a little warm Milk, a Jittle Nutmeg, and a little Salt; then lay it before the Fire till it rife very light; then knead in a Pound of frelh Butter, and a Pound of round Carraway-comfits ; and bake them in a quick Oven on floured Papers, in what Shape you pleafe. Buns, Very pood IVigs. Take a Quarter of a Peck of the fineft Flour, rub into it three Quarters of a Pound of frelh Butter, till ’tis like grated Bread, fomething more than half a Pound of Sugar, half a Nutmeg, and half a Race ot Ginger grated, 3 Eggs, Yolks and Whites beaten very well, and put to them half a Pint of thick Ale Yeft, and 3or 4 Spoonfuls of Sack. Adake a Hole in your Flour, and pour in your Yeft and Eggs, and as much Milk juft warm, as will make it into a light Palle. Let it Hand before the Fire to rife half an Hour ; then make it into a Dozen and half of Wigs; wafli them over with Fggs juft as they go into the Oven ; a quick Oven, and half an Hour will bake them. Receipts <&c- Brown French Loaves. Take a Peck of courfe Flour, and as much of the Rafpings of Bread, beaten and fifted, as will make it look brown 5 then wet it with a Pint of good Yeft, and us much Milk and Water warm as will wet it pretty ft iff; mix it well, and fet it before the Fire to rife; make it into fix Loaves ; make it up as light as you can, and bake it well in a quick Oven. To a Quart of Flour take a Quarter of a Pound of But- ter, and a Quarter of a Pound of Sugar, 1 Egg, and what Carraway-feeds you pleafe ; wet the Milk as ftiff as you can, then roll them out very thin; cut them with a fmall Glafs. Bake them on Tin-plates, your Oven muft be flack. Prick them very well juft as you fet them in, and keep them dry when baked. Biskets. Take half a Peck of fine Flour, 1 Ounce of Carra- way-feeds, the Whites of 2 Eggs, a Quarter of a Pint of Ale Yeft, and as much warm Water as will make it into a ftiff Pafte; then make it in long Rolls, Bake it an Hour; the next Day pare it round; then flice it in thin Slices about half an Inch thick; dry it in the Oven ; then draw it and turn it, and dry the other Side; they WlB keep the whole Year. The hard Bisket, Beat 6 Eggs very well with a Spoonful of Rofe-water, Little hollow Blskets. 2"he Complete Family-Piece. then put in a Pound and two Ounces of Loaf-fugar bea- ten and fifted : ftir it together till ’tis well mixed in the Eggs; then put in as much Flour as will make it thick enough to lay out in Drops upon Sheets of white Paper ; llir it well together till you are ready to drop it on your Paper; then beat a little fine Sugar and put into a Lawn- fieve,' and fift fome on them juft as they are going into the Oven, fo bake them ; the Oven mull not be too hot, and as foon as they arc baked, whilft they are hot, pull off the Papers from them, and put them in a Sieve, and fet them in the Oven to dry; keep them in Boxes with Papers between. Take 5 Pounds of Flour, and 2 Ounces of Carraway- ffeeds, half a Pound of Sugar, and fomething more than a Pint of Milk. Warm Milk, and put into it three Quarters of a Pound of Butter; then make a Hole in the Middle of your Flour, and put in a full Pint of good Ale Yell; then pour in the Butter and Milk, and make thefe into a Pafte, and let it Hand a Quarter of an Hour by the Fir* to rife; then mould it, and roll it into Cakes pretty’thin; prick them all over -pretty much;, or they will blifter ; fo bake them a Quar- ter of an Hour. « The thin Dutch Bisket. Receipts • 'V To ?naker- Marmalade of Currants.% Strip your Currants from . the Bunches, ioak them in boiling Water till they break. Take them off the Fire, and then put them in a Sieve to drain ; when they are cold, pafs them through the fame Sieve to clear off the Grains. Dry them over the Fire, while you have .brought your %gar to the cracked Quality, Allowing the fame Weight of Sugar as Fruit. Simmer it for a while, mixing all well together, then put it into Pots. You may make Marmalade of Bell Grapes, after the {time Manner. Receipts in Confectionary, &c. 147 Marmalade of Apricocks. Gather your Apricocks juft turn’d from the green of a very pale Yellow; pare them thin and weigh them, three Quarters of a Pound of double refin’d Sugar to a Pound of Apricocks; then cut them in Halves, take out the Stones and ftice them thin ; bei>6 your Sugar and put it in your Preferving pan with your dic’d Apricocks, and three or four Spoonfuls of Water; boil and feum them, and when they are tender put them in Glaftes. Marmalade of ripe Apricots. Pare, ftone, and cut your Apricots into thin Slices ; then to a Found of Fruit, put a Pound of double re- fin’d Sugar, and a Quarter Pint of ftrong Codlia Liquor ; boil it as you can; and when the Fruit is tender and clear from the Scum, which you are care- fully to take off, then fet it off the Fire, and break what Pieces you think too big ; then fill your Glaftes, and paper them when cold. Marmalade of Cherries. Stone your Cherries, fet them over the Fire in a Cop- per-pan to caufe them to caft their Juice. Then drain them, bruife them, pafs them through a Sieve. Put the Marmalade into,the Pan again, and dry it over a brisk Fire, keeping it continually ftirring and turning it on all Sides with I wooden Spatula, till no is left, and it begins to flick to the Sides of the Pan. Al- low one Pound of greatly feathered Sugar to every Pound of Fruit or Pafte ; then fimmer all together for a while, then put it up into Pots or Glaftes, and ftrew Sugar. Take the large Mufti rooms, warfh them, clean from Grit; cut off the Stalks, but do not ped or gill them - % put them into a Kettle over but no Water; put a good Quantity of Spice of all Sorts, two Onions ftuck with Cloves, a Handful of Salt, fome bea- ten Pepper, and a Quarter of a Pound of Butter; let all thefe ilevv till the Liquor is dry’d up in them ; then take A good Sort of Mufhroom Powder. The Complete Family-Piece. them out, and lay them on Sieves to dry, till they will beat to Powder ; prefs the Powder hard down in a Pot, and keep it for Ufe; what Quantity you pleafe at a time in Sauce. Harts-horn or Calf’s-foot Jelly nxAthout Lemons. Take a Pair of Calf’s-feet, boil them with 6 Quarts of fair Water to malh ; it will make three Quarts of Jelly; then ftrain it off, and let it Hand till ’tis cold, take off the Top, and fave the Middle, and melt it a- gain and fcum it ; then take 6 Whites of Eggs beaten to a Froth, half a Pint of Rhenifh Wine, and 1 Lemon juiced, and half a Pound of line powdei’d Sugar; ftir all together, and let it boil, then take it off, and put to it as much Spirit of Vitriol as will lharpen it to your Palate, about one Penny worth will do, let it net boil after the Vitriol is in; let your Jelly-bag be made of thick Flannel, then run it through till ’tis very clear; you may put the Whites of the Eggs that fwim at the Top into the Bag firft, and that will thicken the Bag. Take to half a Pound of good Harts-horn, 3 Quarts of fair Water, let it boil very flowly till above r Quart be confumed; if you cannot get Harts-horn, one Set of Calf’s-feet will make more in Quantity, and tafte almoft as well ; the Look, with Care, will be the fame ; ftrain this Liquor, and let it hand to cool; the ftronger you make your Jelly, the more Ingredients you may life ; to make it palatable, when it is fettled, as it will be the next Day, take off what is clear of the Harts- horn, and of the Calf’s-foot Jelly ; you mull: take off the Fat from the T op, as well as leave the Drofs at the Bottom ; to thefe two Quarts of ftrong Jelly, you may put a Pint of Rhenifh, and a Quarter of a Pint of Ca- nary ; beat up the Whites of 5 Eggs to a Froth ; ftir all together with Sugar to make it very fweet; mix it well, and fet it on the Fire, and ilir till it melts and curdles; then put in the Juice of 5 large Lemons, and a Bit of the Peel; let this boil up, then pour it through your Harts-horn or Calf’s-foot Jelly, the left Way. Receipts />/ Jelly-bag, and pafs the firft Quart or two, over and over again, till ’tis perfedly fine. 149 Cut it in Quarters, and lay it in your Stew-pan; to one Calf’s-foot and the Pig’s-feer, put in a Pint of Rhe- nilh Wine, the Juice of 4 Lemons, and 1 Quart of Water; feafon with Nutmeg and Salt; Hove it gently two Hours; let it Hand till cold, and fend it up in its Jelly. y/ Pig in Jelly. Slice a Pound of Codlins or Pippins into a Pint of clear Spring-water; let them boil till the Liquor takes all the Talte of the Fruit; then ftrain it out, and to a Pint of this Liquor take a Pound of double refin’d Su- gar, boil’d to Sugar again ; then put in your Codlin Liquor, boil it a little together, as fall as you can ; then put in your Golden Pippins, boil them up fall for a lit- tle while; juft before the laft Boiling, fqueeze in the Juice of a Lemon ; boil it up quick once more ; take great Care they do not lofe Colour-. Take the Pippins out, and put them into the Glades with the Jelly. This is the moll grateful Way that ever was invented to pre- ferve them. Codlin or Pippin Jelly. To candy any Sort of Flowers, Take your Flowers, and pick them from the white Part; then take fine Sugar and boil it candy-height; boil as much as you think will receive the Quantity of Flowers you do; then put in the Flowers, and ftir them about till you perceive the Sugar to candy well about them; then take them off from the Fire, and keep them ftirring till they are cold in the Pan you candied them in ; then fift the loofe Sugar from them, and keep them in Boxes very dry. The Complete Family-Piece. A Bill of Fare for every Month in the Tear. January. Firfi Courfe. Collar of Brawn. Bifque of Fifh. Soop with Vermicelly. Orange Pudding with Pat- ties. Chine and Turkey.- Lamb-Pafty. Roafted Pullets with Eggs. Oyfter Pye. Roafted Lamb in Joints. Grand Sallad with Pickles, Second Courfe. Wild F'owl of all Sorts. Chine of Salmon broiled with Smelts. Fruit of all Sorts. Jole of Sturgeon. Collar’d Pig. Dried Tongues with fait Sallads. Marinated Fifh. February. Firfi Courfe. Soop Lorain. Turbot boiled with Oyfters and Shrimps. Grand Patty. Hen Turkeys with Eggs. Marrow Puddings. Stew’d Carps and broiled Eels, Spring Pye. Chine of Mutton with Pic- kles. Difh of Scotch Coll ops.. Difh of Salraigondin. Second Courfe. Fat Chickens and tame Pidgeons. Afparagus and Lupins. Tanfy and Fritters. Difh of Fruit of Sorts. Difh of fry’d Soles. Difh of Tarts, Cuftards, and Cheefecakes, March. Firfi Courfe. Difh of Fifh of all Sorts. .Soop de Sante, Wefiphalia Ham and Pid- geons. Battallio Pye. Pole of Ling. Difh of Roafted Tongue* and Udders. Peafe Soop. Almond Puddings of Sorts. Olives of Veal a-la-mode. Difh of Mullets boiled. Second Courfe. Broiled Pike. Difh of Notts, Ruffs, and Quails. Skirret Pye. Difh of Jellies of forts. Difh of Fruit of forts. Difh of creamed Tarts. A Complete Bill of Fare, &c. 151 April. Firft Courfe. Wejlphalia Ham and Chic- kens. Dilh of halhed Carps. Bifque of Pidgeons. Lumber Pye. Chine of Veal. Grand Sallad. Beef a-la mode. Almond Florentines. FricalTee of. Chickens. Dilh of Cuftards. Second Courfe. Green Geefe and Duck- lings. Butter’d Crab, with Smelts fried. Dilh. of fucking Rabbits. Rock of Snow and Sylla- bubs. Dilh of fouced Mullets. Butter’d Apple Pye. March Pain. May. Firji. Courfe. Jole of Salmon, &c. Cray-Filh Soop. Dilh of fweet Puddings of Colours. Chicken Pye. Calves Head halhed. Chine of Mutton. Grand Sallad. Roafted Fowls a-la-dauhe. Roafted Tongues and Ud- ders. Ragoo of Veal, &c. Second Courfe. Difh of young Turkeys- larded, and Quails. Difh of Peafe. Bifque of {hell Fifh. Roafted Lobfters. Green Peafe. Difh of fweet-meats. Orangeade Pye. Difh of Lemon and Cho* colate Creams. Difh of collar’d Eels, with Cray Fifh. June. Firji Courfe. Roafted Pike and Smelts. Wejiphalia Ham and young ; Fowls. Marrow Puddings. Haunch of Venifon roafted Ragoo of Lamb-ftones and fweet Breads. Fricaftee of young , c. Umble Pyes. Dilh of Mullets. Roafted Fowls. Difh of Cuftards. Second Courfe; Difh of young Pheasants. Dilh of fried Soles & Eels, Potato Pye. Jole of Sturgeon. 152 The Complete Family-Piece. Difti of Tarts and Cheefe- cakes. Difti of Fruit of forts. Syllabubs. Juby. Firjl Courfe. Cock Salmon with butter’d Lobfters. Difti of your other Veffels, (wx.) Underbade, Coolers, and The Completedamily-Piecc. working Tuns, may be rather fitted to the Convenience of the Room, than to a particular Size, for if one Vei- fel be not fufficient to hold your Liquor, you may take a Second (by Way of Shift.) The Day before you in- tend to brew, you fhould boyle a Copper of Liquor (Water being an improper Term in a Brew-houfe) and Icald all your Veflels well ; a little Malt Dull; or Bran thrown into each, will contribute towards fweetening and flopping them if leaky ; but if they happen to have any ill Smell, or are (what we call) Fox’d, the Receipts in Page 204, will dired you how to cure it. Your next Care mull be, In Grinding your Malt, that the Mill be clean from Duft, Cobwebs, (ffc. and let fo as to crulh every Grain without grinding it to Powder, for you had better have fome fmall grains flip through untouched, than have the Whole be ground too fmall, which will caufe it to cake together fo as you cannot get the Goodnefs out. Mejhtng or taking your Liquors. Having your Veffels in order, and your Malt and Hops ready, you muft determine what Sorts of Liquor, and what Quantity, you are to make; and as taking your Liquors is the moft critical Part o{ Brewing, I fhall take the more Pains to make you underhand it. Whether you make two, three, or only one Sort of Beer, you mull always melh three times to get out the Goodnefs of the Malt; but the Difference is when you brew Strong Beer, or Ale, befides fmall Beer, you take fuch a Quantity of your firft Wort, and hop it according to the time you intend to keep it, and boil and v/ork it in a feparate Veffel. But when you make only one Sort, the whole three Worts muft be mixed to- gether to make them of an equal Strength. But to make it more plainer : Suppofe you take fix Bufhels of Malt, and two Pounds of Hops, and would make of it one Barrel of Strong, and two Barrels of Small Beer. Heat your firft Copper of Liquor for Mefhing, and drew over it a double Handful of Bran or Malt; by which you will fee, when it begins to boil, for it will break and curl, and then it is fit to be let off into the Iriftruß'ions for Brewing. Mefh-Tun, where it muft remain till the Steam Is fpent, and you can fee your Face in it before you put in your Malt; and then you begin to mefh, ftirring- it all the While you are putting in the Malt : But keep out about half a Rufhel dry, which you are to ftrew over the reft, when you have done ftirring it, which will be as Toon as you have well mixed it with the Li- quor, and prevented it from Clodding, After the dry- Malt is laid on, cover your Mefh-T un with the Malt* Sacks or Cloths to prevent lofrng any Spirit of the Malt* and let it fo remain for two Flours. Mean while, hava another Copper of Liquor hot; and at two Flours End begin to let off your firftWort into the Under-back. Re* ceive a Pail full of the firft Running, and throw it a- gain upon the Malt. You will find that the Malt has luck’d up Half of your firft Copper of Liquor, and there- fore to make up your Quantity of Wort for the Strong Beer, you muft gradually lade out of the fecond Cop- per, and ftrew Bowl after Bowl, over the Malt, giving it Time to foak -through, and keeping it running by an eafy Stream, till you perceive you have about forty Gallons; which, in Boiling and Working, will be re- duced to thirty-fix. If you throw into the Under-baclc (whilft you are letting off) about half a Pound of Flops, it will preferve it from Foxing,, or growing- Sower or Ropy. Your firft Wort being all run off, you faften the Tap of the Mefh-Tun; and take the Copper- of hot Liquor for your fecond Mefhing, ftirring up the Malt as you did at firft, and then cover it clofe for two Hours more. Mean while you fill your-Copper with the firft Wort, and boil it with the Remainder of the. two Pounds of Hops, (or what Quantity you like) for an Hour and half, and then lade it off into the Coolers, Contrive to receive the Hops in a Sieve, Basket, or thin woollen Bag that is fweet and clean ; then imme- diately fill your Copper with cold Liquor, renew your Fire under it, and begin to let off your fecond Wort, and throw a IFandful of Hops into the Under-beck, fort the fame Reafon as before ; You will want to lade a. few Bowls full of Liquor over the Malt to make upu. the. Copper full of the fecond Wort; and when yous 200 The Complete Family-Piece. have enough, fallen the Tap, and Melh a third Time, after the fame Manner, and cover it clofe for another two Hours: And then charge your Copper with the fe- cond Wort, boiling it for an Hour with the fame Hops. By this Time you may fliift your firftWorc out of the Coolers into a Working-Tun, to make Room for the fecondWort to come into the Coolers ; and then your Copper being empty, you may heat as much Liquor as Will ferve you to lade over the Malt, or (by this time) ra- JtherGrains,to make up your thirdand laft Copper of Wort, which mull be boiled with the fame Hops over again , and then your Coolers difcharged of your fecond Wort, to make Room for the Third ; and when they are both of a proper Coolnefs, they may be put together before you fet them a Working, unlefs you have a Mind to keep and work them feparate, and call the fecond Wort Ale. From hence you mull needs have an Idea of the Manner of taking your Liquors; but before I leave this Head, I fhall add, that if you have a Mind to extra& almofl all the Goodnefs of the Malt in the firft Wort, by way of making Odober Beer, you mull begin to let off foon after you have mefh’d, (by a fmall Stream) and throw it upon the Malt again Pail after Pail, for an Hour, flirring it frequently in the mean time, and then let it all run off, and put it all over again, and let off, by a very fmall Stream. But when you have your Quan- tity for Strong Beer, you proceed in your fecond Mefh- ing in the fame Manner as before. During the Time of Shifting your Liquors out of the Copper, ’tis of Confequence to take Care to pre- ferve it from receiving Damage by Burning: You ihould always contrive to have the Fire low, or elfe to damp it at the Time of Emptying, and be very expe- ditious to put in frelh Liquor. Working your Liquors is next to be confide re,!, after it is brought to a proper Coolnefs, but in this, Regard jnuft be had to the Weather. Liquor naturally grows warm in Working, therefore in mild Weather it fhould be cold before it be fet on, but a little warm in cold Infirußions for Brewing. Weather, The Manner of doing it, is to put feme good Tweet Yeah into a Hand-bowl or Piggin, with a little warm Wort; then put the Hand-bowl to fwim upon the Wort in the Working-Tun, and in a little while it will work out, and leifurely mix with the Wort; and when you find the Yeaft has gotten hold of the Wort, you mull look after it frequently, and if you perceive it begins to Heat and Ferment too faft, lade fome of it out into another Tub ; and when you find it grown cold, you may put it back again ; or if you referred fome of the raw Wort, you may check it leifurely by ftirring it in with a Hand-bowl. The’ cooler you work your Liquor the better, provided it does but work well, for it will keep the longer. But if you happen to check it too much, you may forward its Working, by filling a Gallon Stone-bottle with boiling Water; cork it clofe, and put the Bottle into the Working-Tun ; an Ounce or two of powder’d Ginger will have the fame Eftefl. There are Variety of Methods in Managing Liquors whilft they are Work- ing. In the North they beat in the Yeall of Strong Beer and Ale once in two or three Hours, for two or three Days together. This they reckon makes the Drink more heady, but withal hardens it fo, as to be drinkable in a few Days; the laft Day of beating it in, (ftirring the Yeaft and Beer together) the Yeah as it rifes, will thicken, and then they take off Part of the Yeail, and beat in the reft, which they repeat as often as it rifes thick ; and when it has near done Working, they tun it up fo as it may but juft work out of the Bar- rel. Others again do not beat in at all, but let their ftrongeft Drink work about two Days, or till they fee the Ferment is over, and then they take off the Top Yeaft, and either, by a Tap near the Bottom, let it off fine, or elfe lade it out gently, to leave the Sediment and Yeaft at the Bottom. This Way is proper for Li- quor that is to be drank foon ; but if it be to keep, it will want the Sediment to feed on, and may probably grow ftale, unlefs you make artificial Lees. This you may make of a Quart of Brandy, and as much Flower 202 The Complete Family-Pieced of Wheat or Beans, as will make it into a Dough. Put them in Lumps into the Bung-hole, as foon as it has done Working; or elfe take a Pound of the Powder of Oyflerfhels, or of Fat Chalk, and mix it with a Pound of Treacle or Honey, and put it in foon after it has done Working. It would add to the Goodnefs as well as fining your Malt-liquor, if you took two Quarts of Wheat or Beans, and made them very dry and crifp in an Oven or be- fore the Fire, and boiled them in your firft Copper of Wort. They would ftrain off with your Hops, and might be put with them into the fecond Copper. ’Tis moft definable to have Beers fine of itfelf, and which it feldom fails to do in due Time, if rightly brewed and worked : But as Difappointments fometimes happen, ’twill be neceffary to know what to do in fuch Cafes. Ivory Shavings boiled in your Wort, or Hartfhom Shavings put into your Cask juft before you bung it down, will do much towards fining and keeping your liquor from growing ftale. Stormy Weather, but efpecially Thunder, will greatly affeft your Beer, and often ferments it, tho’ brewed fix Months before. Iron Hoops, or Iron laid upon the Veflels, are fuppofed to have a preferving Influence from Thunder. In fuch Weather you fhould examine your Celler, and draw your Vent-pegs; and where you per- ceive it upon the fret, draw out the Bung, and let it remain feme Days till you are fure it is quiet. ’Tis a Fault to be too hafty in Bunging up Liquor. It had better be a Week too long out, than ftopt an Hour too foon. Were it not for preferving the Colour of your Liquor, fome Cherry Brandy thrown into the Bung-hole would flop it from Fretting. If your Strong Beer grows fiat, you may quicken it by drawing off one Gallon out of every ten Gallons, and boil it with as many Pounds of Honey as you boil Inftrunions for Brewing. Gallons; and when it is cold, put it to the reft, and ftop it ciofe. A Spoonful of the Juice of the Herb Horehound frrained to a Pitcher of ftale Beer, and cover it ciofe for- two Hours, will make it drink like new. Or if you would bottle Beer that is ftale and flat, you- fhould contrive to do it. at a Time when you have Li- quor working in your Tun, and leave Room in every Bottle to hold the Quantity of a Coffee-Cup, and fill them up with new Drink out of the Tun, and cork them, and in three Days it will be very brisk, and drink pleafant; but you muft not: propofe to keep it long, for it will burft the Bottles. Ifinglafs is the moft common Thing made Ufe of in fining all Sorts of Liquors; they firlt beat it well with a Hammer or Mallet, and lay it in a Pail, and then draw off about two Gallons of the Liquor to be fined, upon it, and let it foak two or three Days ; and when it is foft enough to mix with the Liquor, they take a Whisk, and ftir it about till it is all of a Ferment and white Froth ; and they frequently add the Whites and Shells of a Dozen Eggs, which they beat in with it; and put all together into the Cask. Then with a clean Mop-ftick, or fome fuch thing, ftir the Whole together; and then lay a Cloth or Piece of Paper over the Bung-hole, till the Ferment is over, and then bung it up ciofe, and in a few Days it will fall fine. But if you want to fine only a fmall Quantity of Li- quor, take half an Ounce of unflack’d Lime, and put1 it into a Pint of Water, and ftir them well together, and Jet it ftand three or four Hours, or till the Lime fettle to the Bottom; then pour off the Water clear, and throw away the Sediment; then take half an Ounce of Ifinglafs cut fmall, and boil it in the Lime-Water till it diflblves; then Jet it cool, and pour it into your Veflel, CrV. The Complete Family-Piece. Of Cleaning and Sweetening Cask and Brewing Vef- fels. If a Cask, after the Beer is drank out, be well flopt to keep out Air, and the Lees remaining in it till you want to ufe it again, you will need only to fcald it well, and take Care of the Hoops before you fill it; but if Air gets into an empty Cask that is not clean, it will eontraft a Smell, and fpoil the next Liquor that it con- tains, in Spight of Scalding ; a Handful of bruifed Pep- per boil’d in the Water you fcald with, will take out a little mufty Smell: But the fureft Way is to take out a Head of tfie"Cask, and let the Cooper fhave and burn it a little, and then fcald it for Ufe; but if you cannot conveniently have a Cooper to the Cask, get fome Stone Lime, and put about three Pounds into a Barrel, (and proportionally to bigger or leffer Veffels) and put to it about fix Gallons of cold Water, and bung it up and ihakc it about for fome time, and afterwards fcald it well; or, for want of Lime," take a linnen Rag, and dip it in melt- ed Brimftone, and fallen one End to the Bung, and light the other, and let it hang in the Cask. You mull give it a little Air,, elfe it will not burn ; but keep in as much of the Sulphur as you can. Scald it after- wards, and you will find no ill Smell. If you have new Cask, before you fill them, dig Pla- ces in the Earth, and lay them half their Depth, with their Bung-holes downward, for a Week ; and after well Raiding them, you may venture to fill them. If your Brewing-Veffels are tinged with any ill Smell,, take unflack’d Lime and Water, and with an old Broom lerub the Veffels whilft the Water is hilling with the Lime ; and afterwards take all this Lime and Water a- way, and put frelh Water into the Veffels, and throw fome Bay or Common Salt into each, and let it Hand a, Day or two ; and when you come to brew, fcald your Veffels, throw into them a little Malt Dull or Bran; this wiUfinilh their Sweetening, and Hop them from Leekingi JnftruEtions for Brewing. 205 But fmce you fee there is fo much Trouble in getting VelTels Tweet, after they have been negleCled, you will be enduced to endeavour to keep them in Order; which you may do by making all thorough clean after Brew- ing, and once a Month to fill your VelTels with fair Water, and let it off again in two or three Days. Cleanlinefs greatly contributes to your Liquors taking well ; for tho* I admit, that in Working it will purge itfelf much, yet the Relilh of a faulty VelTel will kill be retain’d. Avoid as much as pofilble Brewing in hot Weather; but if you are neceffitated to brew, make no more than for prefent Drinking, for it will not keep. The Seafon for Brewing Keeping-Beer, is certainly belt before Chrijimas, for then your Malt is in Perfection, not having had Time to contraCl either a muftv Smell, Dull, orWeebles, (an InfeCt that eats out the Heart of the Malt) and the Waters are hardly mixed with Snow Broth, which I have before obferved, is not proper for Brewing ; and then four Pounds of Hops* will do as much Good as five Pounds in the Spring of the Year; for you mull increafe in the Quantity of Hops as you draw towards Summer. But, in Ihort, chufe moderate Weather as much as you can for Brewing; and if you have a kindly CelJer befides to keep your Liquor in, that will not be much affeCted by Extremely of Cold or Heat, you may reafonably expeCl great Satisfaction in Brewing your own Liquor. T H E Country Gentleman and Farmer’s BEST GUIDE,&c. PART 11. CHAP. I. Containing Injlruftions to he ohferved in Hunt- ing, Setting, and Shooting •, with an Account of the feveral Kinds of Dogs ne- ceffary for thofe Diverlions, and Receipts for the Cure of all common Diftempers to which they are liable •, as alfo Receipts for the Cleaning and Preferving of Boots,. Fire' Arms, &c. BO R the Hunting the Hart or Stag, I lhall not defcent to every Parti- cular, becaufe ’tis an Exercife that requires both your Wit, Patience, and Policy, with relation to the Variations of the Ground, Situa- tions, Woods, Rivers, and a hum- ~---^;========:=iJ dred more Accidents that may hap- pen ; this Chace feldom or never being after one and the fame Manner, but differing according to the Wea- Of Hunting the Hart on Stag. The Gentleman j-Beft Guide. then, the Condition of the Dogs, and the Strength of the Hart ; with many other Confiderations that require your utmoft Skill ; and without which you may chance to lofe the Hart by Default, which is a great Difgrace. The Huntfman ihould therefore be wife and bold, good at both Fore and After Game; neither ought he to b.e difeouraged at every little Inconveniency : For being put off from his Chace t'arough any Accident of violent Storm, the Night’s Approach, or the like, he ought to take Notice of the laft View or Slot, and go to it again the next Morning with the Draught or Blood-hounds, and not fear Succefs; for ’tis the Nature of the Hart, when he is clofe purfued, and almoft fpent, to make forth on Head, and to defeend at the firil Soil, to cool and refreih himfelf; where he will continue (if not purfued) till his Limbs become fliff, and almoft difabled from running, and therefore betakes himfelf to the next Shelter he meets with, and confequently becomes an eafy Chace the next Morning, if the Huntfman is careful to undertake his Bufmefs ; I fhall only give you a few general Dire&ions relating to the Blood-hound, the Seafon for Hunting the Hart or Stag, a Defcription of him, &c. and firft of the Blood-hound, The Blood-hounds (which are the Dogs adapted by Nature for this Sort of Hunting) are of all Colours ; but for the -mod Part of a black Brown, and Reddifh in feveral Places, efpecially on their Breads and Cheeks. They have long and thin Ears, and differ from other Dogs in their Cry and Barking. They will never for- fake their Game, when once they are in puriuit of it, till they have kill’d it, or tired it j nor will they change it for any other frefh Game that they Jhould meet with. Thefe Hounds have that Property, that if it fhould hap- pen that the Hart, by any Accident fhould be wounded or dead, they will find him out by the Sprinkling of the Blood here and there upon the Ground. The bed Seafon for Hunting the Hart or Stag is from a little after Midfummer-Day to Holy-rood Day. This Creature, of all other Deer, hath the mod In- genuity, and yet is the mod fearful, and by his Wind- ings, Turnings, and Subtilties, often puts a Foyl upon Of Hunting the Hart or Stag. the Dogs; for in his Chace (which often proves long) neither Hedge, Ditch, nor River doth flay him. There are feveral Sorts of Harts or Stags, viz. the Brown, Red, and Fallow; and of every one of thefe Coats there proceeds two Sorts of Harts ; the one great, and the other fmall. Of brown Harts, feme are great, long, and hairy, bearing a high Head of a redifh Colour, which is fair and well beamed. This Sort will hold a good Chace, being fwifter of Foot, and longer of Breath than thole of a fhorter Stature, which are well fet, are fatter, and efteemed better Venifon, chufingyoung Springs and Cop- pices, rather than Woods. They are very fubtle, efpecially when in their Greafe, Nature teaching them to be then more cautious, as being fenlible they cannot hold out a long Chace. Thofe that are of a lively red Fallow have a black Lift down the Ridge of their Backs, their Legs of the fame Colour, are ftrong, and have fair and high Heads, which are well furnifhed and beamed. The Fallow Hart or Stag doth bear his Head high, is of a whitifh Colour, has fmall Beams, with long, /lender, and ill-grown Anthers, and hath neither Cou- rage nor Force. The Harts or Stags of a lively Red are commonly young ones, and they generally Hand long, maintaining a long Chace. When you intend to find out the Harbour or Layer of a Hart, you muft rife early in the Morning, and be fure not to go with the Wind, for the Hart is very quick of Scent, and will make away upon the leaft Fault. You muft be provided with a Blood-hound, which muft be led in a Liam; and for the quickening his Scent, ’tis pro- per to rub his Nofe with Vinegar. In Harbouring the Hart, the Huntfman or Harbinger muft, when he perceives ’tis Time to beat, put his Hound before him, and beat the Outfide of the Springs or Thickets ; and if he finds the Slot of a Hart or Deer, let him fee if the Slot be frefti or not; and he may alfo know by the Drawing of his Hound, (although fometimes one may be deceived by him, when the Milt The Gentlemans Bed Guide. or Dew be great, which taketh off the Scent; But If the Hound ftick well upon the Scent, then let him hold hum ftort for Fear left he lapifi, that is open) for in the Morning a Hound will draw better when he is held fhort, than if he were let at the Length of the Liam ; and let him draw till he comes to the Covert where he is, and if poffible harbour him, marking all the Signs, as the Slot, Entries, and the like, to know what Man*- ner of Deer he is. Then let him plafli or brulfe down feme fmall Twigs, fome above, and fome below; and whilft his Hound is hot in the Purfuit, let him beat the Outfides, and mark his Ringwalks twice or thrice about the Wood ; one while by the great and open Ways, that he may help himfelf by his Eye ; another While through the Covert, for Fear leaft the Hound Ihould over fhoot him ; for he will have better Scent in the Covert than in the High- way. And if he finds that the Deer be not gone out of the Ringwalk, or that he hath drawn amifs, then let him go to his Marks which he hath plalhed or bruifed* and draw Counter until he may take up the Fewmet, as well made in the Evening Relief, as in the Morning j and let the Place where he hath fed be marked. If the Huntfrnan find out two or three Places where he hath entred, and as many where- he hath come out; in this Cafe the frefheft Entry mull be taken Notice of/ for a Hart does often times go in and out of his Har~ hour in the Night, efpecially if he be an old crafty Deer ; and will ufe great Subtilties, beating one Place to and fro divers Times. In this Cafe the Huntfrnan mud take his Compafs and Ring walk the greater about the Covert, thereby to encompafs all his Entries and Goings out, and fuffer his Hound to draw almoft to the Hart's Lyre or Harbour ; and being near it, then draw with more Care, checking your Hound, left he fpends when he comes fo near as to have him in the Wind ; and having difcovered that you ought to draw him, retire fome Diflance backs and if you perceive him not difturbed, make your fecond Round a little- nearer, which will fecure him in his Harbour ; fo ha- ving broken a Bough, or plafhcd fome Twigs, as afore- Taid for your Directions, leave him till next Morning, when you intend your Chace. When his Harbour or Refting-Place is found, and that you have lodg’d him, all Things ought to be pre- pared for the Hunting him the next Morning. He re- tires always to one and the fame Place, unlefs he be greatly difturbed in the mean Time. The Horfemen, Huntfmen, and Hounds being all ready prepared in the Field by Day-break, having their Harbinger, Blood-hound •or Draught-hound in Readi- nefs, they begin the Chace. In the Unharbouring and Gracing the Hart or Stag, the Huntfmen mult difperfe themfelves about the Sides of the Wood, to elpy if it be a Deer; and when he breaks Covert, to give Notice thereof to the Company by blowing a Racheat; and if the Hounds fhould pur- fue fome rafcally Deer, you mull flop them by Words of Correction or the like. Your Hounds fhould not all be uncoupled until the Hart is unharbour’d, and then, call off the Haunch Hounds fir ft; which having under- taken the Chace, caft off the reft. The Hounds being in Full-cry, theHuntfman fhould fecond and encourage them with Voice and Horn, to the End the whole Field may know where the Game goeth. Of Hunting the Hart or Stag. 211 As foon as you can get Sight of the Deer, you mull obferve if it be the fame that was unharboured ; for if it be a frelh one, you mull rate the Hounds back, and bring them to the Default. The Huntfman ought all along to fecond and encourage the Hounds, and to keep them to hunt clofe, affilting them at every De- fault, when they have either loft the Slot, or follow not the right. You muft alfo be very careful to watch his Windings apd Doublings; for when he finds himfelf clofely purified, he will ufe many Shifts and Endeavours to preferve himfelf; and being put to his laft Extremi- ty, it is almoft incredible to be believe what ftrange Contrivances he will ufe to Ihun the Fury of his pur- fuing Enemies; for foraetimes he will hide himfelf clofe to the Earth, permitting the Dogs to come up to him, vvhilft in the mdan time he puts his Feet clofe under his Belly, and draws his Breath clofe by the freih Earth ; The Gentleman's Beft Guide. Nature having taught him to know, that the Scent of his Feet and his Breath are the chief Difcoverers of his Doublings and Changes. Sometimes when he is clofe hunted, he will run from Covert to Covert, to find out fome others, to put himfelf in their Company. If he find himfelf not fafe, he will dire&ly return by his firll Path to break his firll Traces, and then break out into fome High\vay. Sometimes he will take the Water, covering himfelf all under it, excepting his Nofe; fome- times fwim down the Stream, and fometimes crofs the River. When he is quite fpent, one of the lall Suc- cours is to take the Water; and when he once defcends, he fwims with the Stream, in order to leave noScent behind him. In this Cafe the Huntfman mull have an Eye to the Blcmilhes where he firll took Soil; for ’tis eafy to difcover by the Breaking the Water, Grafs, and Weeds, which Way he makes Head. Sometimes he will not only defcend, but continue in the Water, hiding himfelf all except the Tip of his Nofe, and perhaps at fuch a Place, where you are not willing to hazard your Dogs. In fuch a Cafe, you mull endeavour to throw a Rope over his Horns to noofe him ; but you mult be very careful of yourfelf in the Attempt. Nor is there lefs Skill required at the lall, when he is fpent, and the Dogs are at Bay on Land, for then he endangers both Horfe and Man ; therefore go wifely to work, for the chief Glory in aVi£lory is to efcape without Lofs or Hurt. He that gives the fatal Blow, ought to found a Ra- cheat, to affemble together the rell of the Company, as alfo the When the Huntfmen come in to the Death of the Hart, they fhonld cry, Ware Haunch, that the Hounds may not break in to the Deer ; which being fecured, the next Bufinefs is to cut his Throat, and to reward the young Hounds with the Blood, to make them in Love with a Deer, and learn them to keep at the Throat. Then found the Mot or Marts. Of Hunting the Buck. Of Bu c k Hunting* The great Skill in Hunting the Buck, is to keep the Hounds from hunting Counter or Change, in regard of the Number of Fallow Deer, which are ufually in the fame Ground; nor is there required that Skill in Lodg- ing a Buck, as there is in Harbouring a Stag, neither need you draw fo much after a Buck; but you may judge by the View, and obferve what Grove or Coppice he enters ; for he will not wander up and down as the Hart, nor change his Layer fo often, neither ule fo many Crof- fings. Doublings, Shifts, and Devices; nor doth he flee fo far before the Hounds, and avoideth the Highways and open Plains as much as he can : Fie is not fo crafty and ftrong to beat a River, or to flay fo long at Soil; neither are they fo free to take great Rivers; but being clofe hunted, they flee into fuch ftrong Coverts as they are accuftomed unto; and it hath been obfcrved, that feme Bucks that have leaped over a Park Pale, after a Ring or two, have return’d again of themfelves, chuflng rather to die where they are acquainted, than in a flrange Place. The fame Dogs are ufed in Buck Hunting, as thofe which hunt the Hart or Stag. In Forefts and Chaces, as they lie at Layer, fo they are hunted. The Sport is not fo good in Parks where they are inclofed, by reafon of the greater Change and Foyl, un- lefs they break out, and run the Country, which they feldom do. Deer that lie out, though near the Park, generally make better Chaces than Foreft Deer. As to the Manner of Hunting them, the Company ufuaily goes out very early, for the Benefit of the Morn- ing ; fometimes they have a Deer ready lodged; if not, the Coverts are drawn until one is rouzed; or fome- times a Deer is pitched upon, and forced from the Herd in the Park ; then more Hounds are laid on to run the Chace ; if you come to be at Fault, the old Haunch 214 The Gentlemansßeft Guide. Hounds only are to be rely’d on until you recover him again ; if he be funk, and the Hounds thruft him up, ’tis call’d an Imprime, and the Company all found a Racheat; when he is run down, every one drives to get in, to prevent his being torn with the Hounds. Fallow Deer feldom or never Hand at Bay. He that firft gets in cries Hoo-up, to give Notice that he is down, and blows a Death. When the Company are all come in, they paunch him, and reward the Hounds ; and generally the chief Perfon among!! them. Takes Say ; that is, cuts his Belly open to fee how fat it is. This done, every one hath a Chop at his Neck ; and the Head being cut of£ is fhewed to the Hounds, to encourage them to run only at the Male Deer, which they fee by the Horns; and alfo to teach them to bite at the Head. Then the Company all Handing in a Ring, one blows a fingle Death; which done, all blow a double Racheat; and fo conclude the Chace with a general Hollow of Hoo-up. Of Hunting the Fox. Fox Hunting is in no fmall Efteem among the Gen- tlemen of this Kingdom ; and of 1 ate Years the Know- Jege of this Diverllon is arrived to a greater Perfection than ever, being now become a very healthful Recrea- tion to fuch as delight therein, as well as beneficial to the common People. The Hounds or Beagles generally made Ufe of for hunting the Fox, are fuch as have good Mettle, are flout and well-quarter’d. But they Ihould differ accord- ing to the Country where they are hunted ; for thofe pro- per for the open Champain Countries, are the Northern Hounds, which are Fleet of Foot, and being thin skinn’d, are not fo proper for thick Coverts and bufliy Enclofures, as the Southern Hounds, which are thick skinn’d and flow footed, are not fo good for long Cha- ces, which the Champain Countries afford, Alfo the Of Hunting the Fox. Northern Hound and the Southern Beagle make a good Strain for this Sport. The Months of November, December, January, Fe- bruary, and March, are reckoned the beft Seafon for Hunting the Fox ; for before ’tis difadvantageous to the Scent, and the two firft Months are the beft, the Leaves then being rotten upon the Ground, which before hin- der the Scent; alfo the Hounds are beft feen to hunt, and the Earthings are fooner difcover’d. In cold Wea- ther the Hounds hunt beft, the Fox then having the llrongeft Scent ; but it fooner dieth than in a hotter Sea- fon. But frofty and fnowy Weather are altogether un- fit. 215 As to the Nature of a Fox, he is a Beaft of great Subtilty ; as well in his Preying and Places of Sanftu- ary, as in his Chace. In many Refpefts he is of the Nature of the Woolf. When a Bitch Fox is bragged, and with Cub, ihe is hardly to be taken ; for then fhe lieth near the Earth, and upon hearing the leaft Noife, fhe betakes herfelf to her Place of Sandtuary. When a Bitch-Fox goeth a dickering, that is, Peeking for a Dog-Fox, fhe crieth with a hollow Voice, not much un- like the Howling of a Mad-Dog. His ufual Food is Poultry, Rabets, Lambs, and the like, being a great E- nemy to Warrens and Hen-houfes. The Method now obferved in Hunting a Fox is as follows: Having found a Fox's Earth, caufe all his Holes you can find to be ftoj t (except the main Hole or Eye that is moft beaten, which flop not until about Day-break for Fear of flopping him in) about Midnight before you defign to hunt the next Morning, in order to prevent his Earthing; which being done, let the Huntfman have all the Dogs in Couples, and being come to the Wood you defign to try, firft throw off your fure Fin- ders or Jiaunch Hounds, being fuch as will undertake no other Scent than that of the Fox ? .and v/hen one or more of them opens, ’tis a fure Sign they ,are upon the Scent; that is, where the Fox hath paired that Night, and it is called a Drag or Trail. If you find the rell of the Hounds to improve upon it, and that the Cry increafes, ’tis moil probable they are right j and as the The Gentleman s Beft Guide. Drag or Trail mends, call off more Dogs that you can confi.de in. But if the Scent fails, then ’tis fuppofed they run it Counter; and in fuch a Cafe, they mull be taken off, and try them the other Way, Upon the Hounds improving the Scent, whether the oneWay or the other, the Huntfman ought to throw in two or three Couple more of his fiauncheji Hounds, until they make it out to the Place where the Fox is, which is called Kennelled; which is foon difcover’d by the Hunilers from the Increafe of their Cry ; then watch the bell Opportunity to throw off the reft of the coupled Dogs. When the Fox finds himfelf fo hotly purfued, that he cannot fecure himfelf in thofe Coverts and Places he is acquainted with ; and when one great Slight faileth him, which is to hunt the Hounds juft as they do him, whereby they are many Times at a Lofs or great Fault, {which is chielly prevented by their quartering of the Hounds) then he is unwillingly forced to forfake them, and trull wholly to his Feet, leading them from Wood to Wood, a Ring of four, fixer ten Miles, and fome- times Endways about twenty Miles, trying all the Earths he knows for a Sandluary. The Huntfman on Foot mull crofs from Wood to Wood, to be as much as poflible in the Way to encou- rage the Finders or Jiaunch Hounds that begin to run lag. When the Fox gets to an Earth, and enters it, they cry Hoo-up, as at the Death, fuppofing the Chace ended ; and blow a Horn to call in the Company. The Fox being now earthed, the next Bufinefs is to get Shovels, Spades, Mattocks, Pickaxes, &c. to dig him out, if they think the Earth not too deep ; and for the Eafe of themfelves, the Huntfman mull be pro- vided with one or two good Terriers, to put into the Earth after him, to lay him up; that is, to fix him into an Angle, (which may be fooner done, according to the Opinion of fome, by putting a Coller of Bells round the Terriers Neck) for the Earth oft-times confills of divers Angles. The life of this Terrier is to know where the Fox lieth; for as foon as he finds him, he con- Of Hunting the Fox. 217 tlnues Baying or Barking ; fo that which Way the Noife is heard, that Way you mull dig for him : And if he is dug up, he is fometimcs thrown among# the Hounds to Blood and encourage them ; and it will make them lie at an Earth, when they come to a ftrange Wood, and to an unknown Earth; and fometimes he is refer- red alive, and hunted another Day, which is called a Bag-Fox. If the Earth proves fo deep and rocky, that there is no Poffibility of digging him out, it is ufual to fet Steel-Traps at the Mouth of the Earth, or elfe a Hay is pitched round it; and fo watch to take him at his going off, which will be the Night following, and oft- times fooner; for his Heat, and the Cooinefs of the Earth, will not fuffer him to Hay in long: So that when he apprehends all Things quiet above, he fteels out. When the Fox is killed, hollow in all the Pack to Bay him, but do not reward them therewith, as being not beneficial for them. As concerning 'Terriers, fome will have it that they are of a peculiar Species by themfelves; but however that be, it is certain that Terriers bred out of a Beagle and a Mungril MaftifFgenerally prove good ; and indeed any fmall thick-skinn’d Dog that hath Courage, and that will run into Holes, and lye Baying at the Fox, is fit for the Purpofe; which this Sort will do, having Courage and a thick Skin, as participating of the Cur, and mouthed from the Beagle. The Seafon for Entring thefe Terriers is at ten or twelve Months old ; for if you do not enter them with- in the Year, you will hardly bring them to take Earth ; neither muft they be baffled or over-mafter’d at firft En- tring, for then they will hardly return to it any more : Therefore be careful not to enter them upon old Foxes or Badgers, but take fuch a Time when they have their Young, and are gone abroad to feek Prey. You mull alfo encourage them by putting in an old ftaunch Ter- rier to lead the Way, that if an old Fox Ihould happen to be there, he might be worried by him for their En- couragement. When Foxes have young Cubs, take an old Terrier, and put them into their Earth ; and when they begin to Bay, (which is called Teaming) hold the The Gentleman s Beft Guide. young Terrier at the Mouth of the Earth, to the End they may hear the old one Yearn: Or if you take any young Cub with young Terriers, let them kill it, and take their Pleafure thereon. Of Hunting the Badger. Although all Hounds will eagerly purfue and hunt both the Fox and Badger, yet there is none of them will feed on their Flefh. The mod proper Dogs for this Chace are the Terriers, already fpoken of in Fox- Hunting. There are two Sorts of Badgers, viz. the Dog-Badger, as refembling the Dog in his Feet; and a Hog-Badger, as xefembling a Hog in his cloven Hoofs ; thefe latter differ from the former, being whiter and bigger, and have their Heads and Snouts thicker; and do alfo differ in their Food, the one eating Flefh and Carrion like a Dog, and the other Roots and Fruits like a Hog; And the Hog-Badgers, where they have their Earths, ufe to call their Fiants or Dung in a fmall Hole, and cover it; whereas the Dog-Badgers make their Dung at a great Diftance from their Burrows, which are deep, with Va- riety of Chambers, Holes, and Angles. The Hog- Badger being fat and lazy, earths in open, eafy and light Grounds; whereas the other Sort frequents Thick- ets, Rocks, and mountainous Places, making their Re- treats deeper and narrower. They are naturally very fleepy, and feldom llir out but in the Night-time to feek Prey. Hog-flefh is his delightful Food, infomuch that if you take a Piece of Pork, and draw it over his Bur- row, he will foon make his Approach out. They are naturally very chilly and cold, and when it fnoweth, they will not go forth. The Labour and Ingenuity of making their Burrows is worth obferving: When they Earth, after they have entred a good Depth, for the clearing the Earth out, one lieth upon his Back, and Of Hunting the Badger. 219 another layeth Earth on his Belly, and afterwards taking his hinder Feet in his Mouth, draweth him out of his Burrow; and having unladen himfelf of the Earth, goeth to the fame Work, till their Chambers or Places of Retreat are finifh’d ; the next thing is, they proceed to the Furniihing their Houfesj that is, they bring in Straw, Leaves, Mofs, and the like, for their Couch or Lodging. Some Burrows have feven or eight diftindt Chambers. A Badger is known by feveral Names, as a Gray, a Brock, a Borefon or Banfon ; the young ones are called Pigs; the Male is called the Boar, and the Female the Sow. In Hunting the Badger, you muft feek the Earths and Burrows where he lieth, and in a clear Moon-fhine Night go and flop all the Burrows, except one or two, and therein place fome Sacks fatten’d with Drawing- Strings, which will Ihut him in as foon as he ftrainetk the Bag. Some ufe no more than to fet a Hoop in the Mouth of the Sack, and fo put it into the Hole ; and as foon as the Badger is in the Sack, and ftraineth it, the Sack llippeth off the Hoop, and follows him into the Earth, fo he lieth tumbling therein till he is taken, Thefe Bags or Sacks being thus fet, call: off the Hounds, beating about all the Woods, Coppices, Hedges, and Tufts round about, for the Compafs of a Mile or two; and what Badgers are Abroad, being alarm’d by the Hounds, will foon betake themfelves to their Burrows. He that is placed to watch the Sacks, muft obferve to ftand clofe, and upon a clear Wind, otherwife he will be difcovered by the Badger, and then he will immedi- ately tty into his Burrow fome other Way. But if the Hounds can encounter him before he can reach his San&uary, he will then ftand at Bay like a Boar, and make good Sport, grievoutty biting and clawing the Dogs, for their Manner of Fighting is on their Backs, uttng both Teeth and Nails, and by blowing up their Skins, defend themfelves againft all Bites of the Dogs and Blows of Men, except on their Nofcs. To preferv e your Dogs from Harm, ’tis good to put broad Cotters about their Necks made of Grays Skin, When the Bad• 220 ger perceiveth the Terriers begin to yearn him in his "Burrow, he will Hop the Hole betwixt him and the Ter- riers ; and if they Hill continue Baying, he will remove his Couch into another Chamber or Part of the Burrow ; and fo from one to another, untill they can go no farther. If you defign to dig the Badger out of his Burrow, you mult be provided with thofe Tools already mentioned for digging out the Fox; befides which, you Ihould have a Pail of Water to refrefh the Terriers when they come out of the Earth to take Breath and cool them- felves. It will alfo be neceflary to put Collers of Bells about your Terriers Necks, the Noife of which may Oc- calion the Badgers to bolt out. The Gentleman's Beft Guide. Of Hunting the Hare. Of all Chaces, the Hare affords the greateft Sport and Paftime, and fhews the moil; Cunning in Hunting ; and is alfo attended with divers Delights and Varieties,which other Chaces are not. The Dogs proper for this Sport are the Northern or Southern Hounds or Beagles. There are faid to be four Sorts of Hares, fo term’d from the Places of their Abode, viz. fome live in Mountains, fome in Coverts and Fields, others in Marjhes and moorijh Grounds, and others are Ramblers, as having no conllant Abode. Thofe of the Mountains are the fwifteft of Foot, by reafon of their often exercifmg themfelves in the Valleys and Plains ; fo that when they are hunted in the Fields or Valleys, they will deceive the Huntfman by feeming almoft taken; but on a hidden will give them the Go- by, and take the nearett Way to the Mountains and in- acceffible Places, where neither Dogs nor Horfes can afcend. Thofe Hares that frequent the Fields and Coppices, being often chafed, are lean of Body, and taken with Difficulty. When ffie begins her Courfe, fhe leapeth up from the Ground as if flie flew ; afterwards pafletlf through all Places with great Swifnefs, yet not fo much as to fpend her Strength, without being hotly purfued ; for flie is obferved to take her Meafures from her Pro- fecutors, well knowing that fhe can out-run the Dogs at Pleafure. When flie is fome Diftance from them, flie' ufually gets to fome Hill or Rifing-ground, raifmg herfelf on her hinder Feet, to efpy the Dogs, thereb/ the better to avoid them. Thofe Hares that frequent marjhy and moorijh Places, are the flowed on Foot, and the lead able to endure Fatigue. They feldom or never ufe Highways or beaterr Paths, when they are hunted, but ufe their Slights and Subtihies by the Sides of Rivers and watery Places ; nor are they able to run long before the Hounds, for want of Breath, as being very fat and foggy by Means of their grofs Food. They are didinguifhed by the Names of Bucks and Does; and the Males are ufually call’d Jack Hares. They go to Buck in “January, February, and March; and fometimes-in all the warm Months. Of Hunting the Hare. An experienced Huntfman may diftinguifh Hares, as to their Sex, Strength, Age and Craftinefs, by thefe and other Signs. If when a Hare rifeth out of her Form, Ihe fets up her Ears, and runs a little flowly ar firll, with her Scut call: over her Back, it is a fure Sign fhe is an old crafty beaten Hare. When you hunt a Hare to her Form, if you find fhe hath beaten the hard Highways, that- fhe feedeth at a great Diftance out inlet the Plains, and that her Doublings and Croffings are wide and large, gou may conclude it is a Jack Hare; for the Females ufually keep dofe to the Side of fome Wood or Coppice, and turn and wind like a Coney la- the Bullies; and when fhe goeth to Relief in fhe Corn- fields, doth feldom crofs over the Furrows, but follow" them, feeding on the thick Tufts of Corn; and when she is hunted, will ufe many Doublings and Turnings but feldom makes out Endways or Fore-right But the- Jacks, after two or three Turns about his Form, takes- his Leave, and gives the Hounds a Breathing of four or’ five Miles, and lometimes more, before they can ■ turn The Gentlemans Beft Guide. his Head, and then will fquat in feme Place where fas probable) he hath formerly preferved himfelf. You may alfo know a Jack Hare at his raifmg out of his .Form, by his hinder Parts, which are more whitilh than a Doe’s; alfo his Head is fhorter, and better miff- ed ; his Ears are Ihorter, and more grey ; his Shoulders are redder, and the Hair on his Lips are longer than the Females; for the Doe hath her Ears long, her Head long and llrait, the Hair on her Back of a dark Gray, inclining to a Black. The Croteys or Excre- ments of a Buck are leffer, drier and lharper at the End than the Does. The Seafon for Hunting the Hare, is from September to the Beginning of April; for afterwards the Sweet Herbs, Flowers, iffe. take away the Scent; together ■with this, that during the Summer they breed their Le- verets, and are feeble and weak. In Hunting the Hare, you are principally to obferve the Seafon of the Year, and the Situation of the Ground where you hunt. About September, which is the Be- ginning of the Seafon, Hares repair to Shrubs, Bullies, and fuch-like Shelters, which are near adjoining to fome Coppice or Wood, About December in Fallow Grounds ; and in March in the green Winter-Corn. In every of thefe Places, or where-ever elfe you find the Form of a Hare, obferve if it be new or old. If it be fmooth and plain within, the Path before it new and worm, fo that you may difeern the Pricks, and perceive the Earth to be lately broken, and that the Hounds call merrily on it, then endeavour to recover the Hare upon the trail; but if you find Reafon to think it an old Form, do not proceed on it, though the Dogs call on it, but rate them back. According to the Seafon and Nature of the Place where the Hare is accuftom’d to fit, there beat with jour Hounds to dart her; and having hallowed in your Hounds, and all of them being in full Cry, then Ra- cheat to them with your Horn, following fair and foft- ly at firft, for fear of over-lhooting the Chace through too much Eagernefs ; but after about an Hour’s Courfe, you may come in nearer with the Dogs. And above Of Hunting the Hare. all Things, be fure to obferve well her firfl; Doublings, which muft be your Directions for the whole Day’s Chac'e ; and if the Hounds fall at Default, ’tis a Sign that the Here hath made fome Doublings or Croffmgs, or that ihe hath gone and come back again the fame Way ; in fuch a Cafe do not over-flioot it, but make a Stay, and let the Hounds beat about to find the Scent in the frelh green Places j and forget not to encourage them. There are fome Lands in which a Dog can never make any Scent, and fuch are thofe that are of a low, fat, glutinous, and greefy-lhining Mould, and thofe give more Scent than they receive ; therefore the Huntf- man muft help out the Dogs by pricking, for generally thofe Soils are moift, and will receive Imprcflions. Take Care how you hunt in frofty Weather, for then Hares run beft, and Dogs wprft, for the Hare hath his Feet furred, as it were for the fame Purpofe j but the Dogs Feet arc all bear, and befides the Cutting or Bruifmg their Feet, they endanger the Lofing their Claws, and confequently fpoiling the Dogs. Alfo in frofty Weather the Scent freezeth with the Earth. Like- wife it is not proper to hunt, if it rains, for the Drops difperfe the Scent of the Hare; fo that it will be con- venient to leave off when it rains. The Summer-Sea- fon is not good to hunt in, for the Heat lofeth the Scent j and the Nights being but fhort, the Hare goeth not far, and only feedeth in the Mornings and Even- ings. How to reward the Hounds when they have killed the Hare. When your Hounds have killed the Hare, and you defign to leave off the Sport for that Time, let the- Huntfman, if on Horfe-back, alight, and blow the Death with his Horn, to call in the Company; then let him lay down the Hare in fome clean Place, upon the Grafs, or the like, and let the Hounds Bay about her, but fuffer them not to touch her ; and let them be en- couraged and made much of, clapping and broking them on the Sides, and brewing them the Hare: Then 224 The Gentlemans Befl Guide. take up the Hare, and hulk her; and being thus or- der’d, and the Gall and Lights taken away, which will make them lick, let him proceed to reward them as follows : The Huntfman muft be provided with Bread cut in fmall Pieces, and dipt in the Blood, which diftri- bute to the Hounds, together with the Entrails, except the Gall and Lights ; and if there are any young Hounds that are fearful to come in amongft the reft, you muft give them the Hare's Head by themfelves, which will much encourage them; but do not fail to give them Bread after it, to prevent Sicknefs; for ’tis a Meat wherein they delight not by Nature, and the An- tipathy between them is improved by Art; for you muft know, that the Flelh of a Hare will make a Dog Heart- fick, and caufe him to vomit. Note, There is a great Exaftnefs required in Entring your young Hounds j never ufe to uncouple them in the fame Kind of Ground ; for if you uncouple them three of four Times at firft, in a plain Field, and fo hunt to the Form, they will not know what to do when you turn them lofe in a Covert; but let them have Diverfity of Hunting, that fo they may be perfect at all. Of!Taking and Hunting the Rabet or Coney. The Coney, tho’ it does not yield fo great a Pleafure in Hunting, as the Hare, as being endowed with none of thofe Slights and Cunnings, yet it is of greater Pro- fit, both in regard of their Flefh and Skins which ex- cel! thofe of the Hare. The Doer go with Young a Month, and then they Kindle ; and if fhe taketh not Buck, Ihe prefently lofeth her Month, or at leak a Fortnight, and often cats her Of Hunting the Coney. t Voung, efpecially the Bucks. They begin to breed a* about half a Year old, and commonly breed two, three, or four Times a Year, and about five, fix, or feven at a Litter. Tame Rabets breed oftner, and more at a Litter : When the Buck goeth to the Doe, he beais and ftamps with his Feet very hard, which (as ’cis faiif) caufeth Heat in him ; and having ftruck or buckt her, falls down backwards, lying for fomeTime as it were in a Trance, until he hath recover’d himfelf; at which Time it is eafy to take him. The Backs will kill their young ones, if they can come at them ; and therefore Nature hath fo decreed it, that the Does prevent them by hopping or covering their Stocks pr Nefts with Earth or Gravel, which they clofe up fo artificially with their Breech, that it can be hardly difeerned ; and they never fickle them but early in the Morning, or late at Night, clofing the Holes every time after their Coming out, for eight or ten Days; after which Time they' begin to leave it a little open, and by Degrees, as they begin to grow big, which is at about three Weeks old, they leave it quite open for them to come out, they be- ing then fit to eat Grafs. The Tumbler and Lircher are the Dogs particular for Hunting the Coney. The Tumbler is a fmall fix’d Dog, generally white, with fame black Spots, hath one Eye bigger than the other, and is a well truft Dog. He is a Creature of great Craft and Subtilty in hunting the Coney. He is called a Tumbler from the Nature and Quality of Tumb- ling, and Winding themfelves in Hunting and Taking their Game, This Dog, when he is fent or caft off in- to a Warren by his Mafter, who hath fixed his Station in fame convenient and private Place, which the Dog mull be privy to, he feemingly hunts not after them, but, as it were not regarding them, obferving their Bur- rows ; and when he meeteth with a Place \yhere there are Coneys, he coucheth down clofe with his Belly to the Ground ; and fo ordereth his Bufinefs, Shat the Wind is againft him, and that the Coneys do not difeover him ; by which Means he gets the Scent of them, and gets betwixt them and their Burrows, and 'then he foon 225 The Gentlemans Bell Guide. 226 makes them his Prey ; and fo foon as caught, being well educated, that he carrieth them to his Mailer, and returneth again to his Bufmefs, The Lircher is a Kind of Dog much like a Adungril Greyhound, with prickt Ears, hath generally a dragged Coati and is of a yellowifh white Colour. They are very nimble, for if they get but betwixt the Burrows and Coneys, they feldom mifs catching them ; and this is their ufual Way of Hunting. Some of thefe Dogs will bring their Game as the Tumbler does, and thofe are the beft. The Lircher will run down a Hare at Stretch. You may hunt fuch as draggle into the adjacent Bufh.es, Hedges, Cornfields, or frefli Failures, with fmall Greyhounds or Mungrils bred up for that Purpofe, and they will afford you pretty Pailime ; and though you mifs killing them, yet thereby you drive them back to their Burrows, and then you may take them with a Feret and Pur/e-net. Of Hunting the Otter. The Otter is an amphibious Creature, having his Habitation in the Water as well as on the Land, and re- fembleth the Beaver were it not for his Tail; and although the Otter hath much of his Abode in the Wa- ter, yet he doth not breath like Fiih through the Bene- fit of the Water, but like other four-footed Beads; and will remain under Water for a great While without Re- fpiration. There is much Subtilty required in Hunting the Otter; yet by Cunning and Pains they may be eninared under Water, and by the River-fides. The Otter always refides near great Ponds or Rivers, and prayeth on all Manner of Filh, of which he is a great Deftroyer ; and if not obftrudled, will in a Ihort time clear a whole Pond, and for Want of Prey in the Water, will make his Incurfions upon Land; and if fail, will feed on Roots, Herbs, or what not, to fill Of Hunting the Otter. his Belly ; nor will he take lefs Pains in the Water to fatisfy his Hunger, being faid to fwim above a Mile againft the Stream to get his Prey, which, according to Obfervation, he fmells a great Dillance ; and when he has filled his Belly, he is carried down the Current at Eafe to his Couch, Hough, or Lodging, which is al- ways near the Water, or Tome hollow Stump, or Root of a Tree, very artificially built with Boughs, Sprigs, and Sticks, wherein he fits; and when he lifts up his Nofe above Water for Air, it is termed Venting-, nor will he remain long in a Place, for fear of a Surprize, or for fome better Conveniency, having an excellent Ear for Hearing, and as good" a Nofe for Smelling,, being reckon’d a very fubtle Creature, and very nimble in taking his Prey ; and for Greedinefs, deftroys far more than he eats, feldom eating farther than the Na- vel, leaving the Tail Part,* diving deep underWater, no Filh can hardly efcape him, unlefs thofe that are very large, and fwift of Swimming, _ When you Hunt or Train an Otter, you mud be pro- vided with Otter Hounds and Spears, and a Draught- hound or two that will hunt in the Liam; then fet on each Side of the River one of them, with about two Couple of Hounds, and a Man or two to attend ; and obferve his Vents, that you may ftrike him with your Otter Spear; and if you mifs, then to purfue him with your Hounds; and if they are good and well entred for the Sport, they will come Trailing along by the River Side, beating every Tree, Root, Ofier-bed, or Tuft of Bull-Rulhes ; and if any of the Hounds find him out, then look in the moift Places to fee which Way he bent his Head ; and if the Marks make no Difcovery, you may partly find it by his Excrements, and fo fol- low the Hounds, and lodge him as you do a Deer. You may uncouple fome of the Hounds, and beat up and down the Sides of the River, under the Bulhes, Stubs of Trees, and in the Holes. You fhould beat againft the Stream, rather than down it, by Reafon the Otter ufeth to filh againft the Stream, the better to get the Scent of the Filh. If you do not find him quickly, you may judge he is 227 The Gentleman s Be ft Guide. gone to couch fomewhere farther off from the River ; for every Night he makes his Prey on the Land, he makes his Spraits (or Excrements) fo, that if there be an Otter in that Quarter, you may quickly find him out, cither by the Hounds, or by his Excrements. When the Huntfman has lodged him in his Couch, he muft not uncouple his Hounds till he be within a- bout a Bow-lhot or two of the Place, for he will pre- sently make off upon the firft N.oife, and draw towards the River, where you muft have feme frelh Dogs ready to intercept him. The Huntfman muft alfo dart at him with his Spear, when he fees him Vent; and when once they find themfelves wounded, they pre- sently make to Land, where they furioufly encounter the Dogs. After the Dogs are once well entred, they will eager- ly purfue the Chace, leaving no Place unfearch’d that is fit for their Reception, fuch as Holes, Oficr-beds, or the like moift Places. Note, The Otter, when reclaimed, is of great Ufe and Pleafure, by reafon of the great Quantities of Filh they take, which, as being fo taught, they bring to their Mafter or Keeper. Of Hunting the Polecat, Fitchet, W Martern. Polecats, Fit chefs, and Marterns, are a Sort of Vermin very deftrudive to Warrens and Hen-houfes ; they have a ftrong Scent: They are not Chaces to be fought or purfued after, yet when by Accident they are difeover’d, they afford pretty Diverfion ; and a Hound crofting on them will hunt them as merrily as any other Chace, and make a full Cry for the Time they Hand before them, which is not long, for they quickly betake them- felves to feme Tree, and trull to that Policy fooner than Of Hunting the#olecat, &c. their own Strength ; and yet it is fyrprizing to fee the Strength of Nature in thefe Creatures, how doutly they will make their Party good againd the Hounds, fcratch- ing, clawing, and biting fo, that mod of them come off with bloody Nofes : At laft they betake themfelves to the Trees, leaping from Bough to Bough, and Tree to Tree; in the mean time the Dogs baying at them on the Ground, and the Huntfmen pelting them with Stones and Sticks, and the like; alfo a Crofs-Bow, or Bow with Bolts doth great Execution, and quickly puts an End to the Hunt. The Hunt being over, you mud call the Dogs toge- ther, and encournge them, by diewing the Hunted Pole- cat hung up at the End of the Hunting-pole; but for their Reward give them Pieces of Bread, or the like. A Mariern is about the Bignefs of a Cat, having a long Body and fhort Legs, with a Head and Tail like a Fox. This is the Polecat or Wild Cat, a Sort of Ver- min well known in England for their Dedruftivenefs to Hens and tame Fowl. Of Hunting the Squirel. Hunting the Squirel affords excellent Pad-time, and not without feme Profit, their Skins being edeemed an excellent Fur : ’Tis a very thrifty provident Creature, providing Nuts and fiich-like Food in their Neds in the Summer-Seafon, to keep them in the Winter, for they do not much care to dir Abroad in cold Weather, efpecially when the North and Eaft Winds blow. They build their Neds (which by fome are called Drags) on the Top of the Trees very artifi- cially with Sticks and Mofs, of an oval Form, with a Hole in the Middle that the Rain might not annov them. 7 The Method of Hunting them is with Dogs, which The Gentlemans Bcft Guide. are to bay at them on the Ground, together with the Huntfmen hallowing, doth much affright them. Then the Men pelt them with Stones or Sticks, as the Pole- cat, courfmg them from Tree to Tree. The Crofs- Bow, or Bow and Bolt,, as likewife the Gun, makes a quick Difpatch of them. The bell Seafon to hunt them is in Autumn, when the Leaves are off the Trees ; and indeed ’tis very pretty Sport to fee them skip and jump from Tree to Tree, with fuch Nimblenels to fave themlelves, but all to no Purpofe; for in the End, either the Men or Dogs feize them. If they are driven to the Ground from the Trees, and creep into the Hedges, ’tis a Sign of their Weari- nefs; for during their Strength they have fuch lofty Minds, that they will keep the Trees with all the Dex- terity and Subtilty they can. Directions to be obferved in Coursing* CQursing with Greyhounds {which of all Dogs is for Swiftnefs of Foot and Neatnefs of Shape, to be preferred before all others) is a Pall-time in very great Efteem with the Gentry in England. It affords greater Pleafure than Hunting in fome Refpeft, in re- gard it is fooner ended ; that it requires lefs Toyl; that the Game is for the moll Part in Sight 5 and that in refpedl of the delicate Shape and Qualities of a Grey- hound . There are feveral Courfes with Greyhounds, namely, at the Deer, Hare, and Fox. For the Deer there are two Sorts of Courfes, the one in the Paddock, and the other in the Forefi or Purlieu. For the Paddock there mull be the Greyhounds, and theTeazer (a kind of Mungril Greyhound) whofe Bu- finefs is to drive away the Deer before the Greyhounds Of Courfmg the Deer* are flipt, Moft commonly there is let flip a Brace or a Lealh, feldom above two Brace. Of Courjing #Deer in # Paddock, With a Defer ft ion of the Paddock. A Paddock is a Piece of Ground encompafled with Pales or a Wall, and moll commonly taken out of a Park. It mud be a Mile long, and about a Quarter of a Mile broad; but the farther End mull: be fome- what broader than the near ; and the Reafon is, becaufe moll People love to fee the End of the Courfe, and which wins the Wager. At the hither End mud be the Dog-houfe, where Dogs are to be kept that are to run the Courfe, which mud be attended by two Men, one of them to dand at the Door to flip the Dogs, and the other mud be a little without the Door to let flip theTeazer, to drive away the Deer, as afbrefaid. On the other Side three Pens mud be made, for as many Deer as is defigned for the Courfe; and there mud be alfo a Keeper or two to turn out the Deer for the Courfe. The Deer are to run all along by the Pale,; and on the other Side, at fome Didance, are to dand the Specta- tors. There mud alfo be placed along the Courfe the following Pods. The fird, which is next the Dog- houfe and Pens, is the Law-Pofi, and is didant from them 160 Yards. The fecond is the Quarter of a Mile Pofi. The third the Half Mile Pofi. The fourth the Pinching Pofi; and the fifth is the Ditch, which is in Lieu of a Pod, being a Place fo made to receive the Deer, and keep them from being further purfued by the Dogs. Near to this Place are made Seats for ths Pferfons to fit, who are chofen to decide the Wager. As foon as the Greyhounds that are to run are led in- to the Dog-houfe, they are deliver’d to the Keepers, who by the Articles of all Courfes, are to fee them fair- ly dipt; for which Purpofe there is put about each Dog a falling Caller, which they flip through the Rings. After the Owners of the Dogs have drawn Cuts which The Gentleman s Befl Guide. 232 fhall have the Wall, by reafon there (hall be no more Advantage to the one than the other, then the Dog- houfe Doors are Ihut, and the Keeper order’d to turn the breathed Deer out of the Pens, and as foon as the Deer is turned out, and gone about 20 Yards, then he that holds the Teazer flips him to force forward the Deer. Then when the Deeres come to the Lenv-Pofl the Dog- houfe Door muft be opened, and the Dogs let out, and flipc. If th.e Deer fwarve before he comes to the Pinching-P6ft fo much, that his Head is judged to be nearer the Dog-houfe than the Ditch, then ’tis judged no Match; and in fuch a Cafe, it muft be run again three Days after. But if there be no fuch Swarve, but that the Deer runs ftraight until he comes beyond the Pinching-Poft, then that Deg that is neareft the Deer when he fwarves or is blanched by any Accident, wins the Match. But if no fuch Swarve happens, then that Dog which leaps the Ditch firft wins the Match ; all which is determin’d by the Perfons, who lit as Judges for the Courfe ; and if any other Difputes arife about the Courfe, they are to be determin’d by the Articles of the Courfe. Of Cotirfing the Deer in the Porejl or Purlieu. There are two Ways ufed of Courfing in the Foreft or Purlieu ; the one is from Wood to Wood, and the Other upon the Lawns by the Keeper’s Lodge. If you courfe from Wood to ’Wood, firft throw in fome young Hounds into the Wood to bring out the Deer; and if any Deer come out that is not weighty, or a Deer of Antlier, which is Buck, Sore, or Sorrel, then do not Hip your Greyhounds that are held at the End of the Wood, where the Deer is expefled to come forth, which the Keepers have good Judgment to know j and if you miftruft that your Greyhound will not kill him, then you may Way-lay him with a Brace of frefh Greyhounds. When you defign to courfe upon the Lawn, you muft give the Keeper Notice, and he will lodge a Deer fit for your Courfe j then by coming under the Wind, you may come near enough to flip your Greyhounds for a fair Courfe. Of Courting the Hare. Of Courfing the Hare. The bell Way for Courfing the Hare, is to go and find out one fetting, which is eafily done by walking acrofs the Lands, either Stubble, Fallow, or Corn, and calling your Eye up and down ; for during the Sum- mer-Seafon they frequent fuch Places for Fear of Ticks, that are common in Woods; alfo the Rain and the Fall of the Leaf offends them. The reft of the Year beat up and down amongft Bulhes, &c. with your Poles to ftart them out of their Forms and Retreats; and fome Hares wall not ftir until they are almoft trod upon j and and ’tis a fure Sign fuch Hares make, an excellent Courfe. If a Hare fet near any Clofe or Covert, and has her Head towards the fame, with a fair open Field behind her, you mull ride with as much Company as you have between her and the Covert before fhe be put up, and then probably fhe will make her Courfe towards the Champain ; for fhe feldom takes the fame Way that her Head is of, when file fits in her Form. When you beat for a Hare, you muft always endea- vour to keep her from going to Covert. When a Hare is firft llarted, you give her Ground or Law, which is commonly twelve Score Yards or more, according to the Ground where fhe fits, or elfe you lofe much of the Sport, by putting an End to it too foon ; and it is very pleafmg to fee the Turns and Wind- ings,, which the Hare will make to fave hcrfelf, and which fometimes proves effectual to her. The Gentlemans Befl Guide. Of Courjing the Fox. In Courling the Fox there is required no other Art than to Hand clofe, and on a clear Wind, on the Out- fide of fame Wood where you expedl his Coming out » and then give him Head enough, otherwife he will turn back to the Covert; for the floweft Greyhound will be fwift enough to overtake him; and all the Hazard of this Courfe is the Spoiling your Dog by the Fox, which oft-times happens; and therefore you fhould not run any that are worth much at this Chace, but fuch as are hard bitten Dogs, and will feize any thing. *The Laws ohferved in Courfing. The following Articles are the Laws of Courfing, as they Were eftablijhed by the Duke of Norfolk in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth ; which were fubjcribed unto by the chief Gentry, and fo held Authentick. TH AT he that is chofen Fevvterer, or that lets loofe the Greyhounds, (hall receive the Grey- hounds match’d to run together into his Leefh as foon as he comes into the Field, and follow next unto the Hare- finder, or he that is to ftart the Hare, until he come unto the Form; and no Horfeman or Footman are to go before, or on any Side, but directly behind for the Space of about 40 Yards. You ought not to courfe a Hare with above a Brace ©f Greyhounds. The Hare-finder ought to give the Hare three So-hoes The Laws of Courting.' 235 before he put her from her Form or Seat, to the End the Dogs may gaze about and attend her Starting. They ought to have twelve Score Yards Lanv before the Dogs are lofed, unlefs there be Danger of lofing her. ' That Dog that gives the firft Turn, and if after that there be neither Cote, Slip, or Wrench, then he wins the Wager that gives the firft Turn. If one Dog gives the firft Turn, and the other bears the Flare, he that bares the Flare lhall win. A Go-by or bearing the Hare is reputed equivalent to two Turns, If neither Dog turns the Hare, he that leadeth laft to the Covert wins. If one Dog turns the Hare, ferves himfelf, and turns her again, it is as much as a Cote, for a Cote is efteem- ed two Turns. If all the Courfe be equal, he that bears the Hare lhall win ; and if Ihe be not born, the Courfe lhall be adjudged dead. If a Dog take a Fall in a Courfe, and yet perform his Part, he may challenge the Advantage of a Turn more than he gave. If a Dog turns the Hare, ferves himfelf, and gives divers Cotes, and yet in the End Hand ftill in the Field ; the other Dog, if he turns home to the Covert, although he gives no Turn, lhall be adjudged to win the Wager. If by Misfortune a Dog be rid over in his Courfe, the Courfe is void; and, to fay Truth, he that did the Mifchief ought to make Reparation for the Damage. If a Dog give the firft and laftTurn, and there be no other Advantage betwixt them, he that gave the odd Turn ftrail win. A Cote is, when the Greyhound goeth Endways by his Fellow, and gives the Hare a Turn. A Cote ferves for two Turns, and two Trippings or Jerkins for a Cote ; and if fhe turneth not quite about, fhe only wrencheth. If there be no Cotes given between a Brace of Grey- hounds, but that one of them ferves the other at Turn- ing, then he that gives the Hare the molt Turns, wins 236 tie Wager. And if one gives as many Turns as the other, then he that beareth the Hare, wins the Wager, Sometimes the Hare doth not Turn, but Wrench ; for file is not properly faid to Turn, except fhe Turn as it were round ; and two Wrenches hand for a Turn. The Gentlemans Beft Guide. He that comes in firft to the Death of the Hare, takes her up, and faves her from breaking, cherifheth the Dogs, and cleanfeth their Mouths from the Wool, is adjudged to have the Hair for his Pains. Thofe which are Judges of the Leelh, mull give- their Judgment prefently, before they depart out of the Field, Directions to be obferved in Set- ting ; with an Account of a Setting-Dog, Rules to chufe. one, and bow to train him up from a Whelp till he comes to Perfection. THERE are no Dogs fo fit to be made Setting- Dogs, as Land Spaniels, by reafon of their na- tural Inclination to Ranging and Beating about the Fields ; but Water Spaniels may be brought to be Set- ters, if they have a perfectly good Scent, and naturally addifted to the Hunting of Fowl. You fhould obferve to chufe one of a good and nim- ble Size, rather fmall than large, of a high Mettle, and free for the Sport ; being a nimble Ranger, oi active Feet, wanton Stern* buify Noftrils, and quick Scent ; his Toil be without- Wearinefs, his Search without Changeablenefe* and yet no Delight-or Defire of the Game tranfport him beyond Fear or Obedience ; for it is the bell Sign of a good Spaniel, never to be fearful* but always loving to his Mailer, yet of a bold Courage* Some are fo curious as to obferve the Colours; but that I think is needlefs; for all Colours are alike, if the natural Qualities are perfect' and anfwerable to your Defign. You may begin to teach him at five or fix Months old, as being then very tradable ; for the older they are, the more difficult it will be to learn them ; nor will they retain their Learning fo well. The firft Thing is, to teach him to be loving and familiar to you above all others; and the better to ef- fed it, let none feed him but yourfelf; for in fo doing he will not only be loving and fond, but obedient and careful, a Frown or a lharp Word making the fame Effed as Blows, Beating oftentimes taking off their Courage, and making them dull and dead fpirited. Your Whelp being thus brought to the Knowledge of you, and to follow you without any Reludancy, your next Bufinefs is to teach him to couch and lie clofe to to the Ground, firft, by laying him down, faying, lye clofe, lye clofe, or fome fuch Words of Command, and threatning him when .he doth any thing contrary to your Command. When he does what you bid him, you mull not only give him good Words and cherilh him, but feed him alfo; and in fo doing, you will bring him to fuch Obedience and perfed Underftand- ing, that at any time when you lhall fay, lye clofey down, or the like, he will immediately obey you. Then about a Yard Diftance lay down a Piece of Bread or Meat, faying, go near, making him creep to it ; but before he comes to it, fpeak fmartly to him, bidding him lye down, take heed, or the like; which obeying, give him your Commands by faying Hey, or the like Words, to fignify to him to creep forwards to it, and let him eat it, making much of him; and take Notice not to be harlh in your lharp Words or Cor- rection, {efpecially at firft) for that may fpoil him. And having brought him thus at Command to Couch down at your Word, (and always with his Head from you) make him creep forward, by faying, go near, go near, Of training up a Setting-Dog. 238 or the like; and if he offers to raife up his Head, or any Part of his Body, forthwith thruft it down to the Ground, faying, down, down, or the like; and if that will not do, correct him gently with a Whip, or by pinching his Ear ; by no Means beat him about his Head, for that will make him dull, and fpoil him. Be fure when you thus chaftife him, have him in a String, (as indeed at all Times during his Learning) that he may not run from you. This Method obferve until he is very expert, couching at your Command, creeping on his Belly as far as you pleafe, and lying jiill until you com- mand him to rife ; fo that at any time when you walk abroad with him into the Fields, and wantonly rangeth about, upon his firft hearing your Commands to lye down, he coucheth down, and fo lyeth till you farther command him. The Gentleman's Beft Guide. Having brought him to this Obedience and Know- ledge, then take him into the Fields to range about, fuffering him to fpring any Bird or Game, not correft- ing him at the firft, which will encourage him the bet- ter ; and thus do for about a Week, exercifing him daily ; and when he hath been ufed to fpring Partridges three or four times, he will not follow any fmall Bird. Your Dog being come to the Knowledge of his Game, and fo ftaunch as to hunt clofe and warily, without quell- ing or opening, provide a Bullock’s .Liver boiled, which hath the fame Scent as a Partridge. Then take your Dog in a Line, which mull be about fifteen Yards long, to lengthen out on Occafion. Take your Hawking- Bag, and put into it a good Piece of the Liver, about the Signed of a Penny Loaf, cut into fmall Pieces, and lead him into the Field; and as you are going with your Dog by your Side, or following you, (for he mull not go before you) give him your Commands to fall down as aforefaid ; and if he doth not, correct him ; but if he does obferve you, then reward him with Lome of the Liver; Then go a little farther, command- ing him down again, faying down ; and thus do until he will couch at the firlt Word. And being brought to this Command, turn your Face to him, and take the Line by which he is led, gently pulling him by it, cry- Of training up a Setting-Dog. ing down, down, fo that he will not rife without pulling him almoft by Force. Then go to him, take him up in your Arms, and carry him two or three Yards ; then fet him down, making much of him, but not let him go out of the Line from you. When he is at this Com-j mand by often uling this Way, teach him to hunt by Hand ; which is thus done : Take a Piece of the Liver, about the Bignefs of a Walnut, which ftiewing him in your Hand, and let him fmell to it, throw it down which Way you pleafe, (but at a fmall Diftance at firft) faying Hey, Hey, fhewing it him feveral times before you caft it forth j then let him go to it, and cat it, ftill having him in the Line. Then take another Piece of the Liver, Ihewing him it as aforefaid, and caft it from you a little farther than you did the firft time, and let him go to it, and eat it for his Reward. Thus do fe- veral times, ftill throwing it farther and farther; and as he is going, you may give him your Commands, cry- ing haftily, Down, down, fo that he immediately falls down with his Face towards the Liver, and lies clofe till you give him your Commands to rife, by crying Hey, and pointing with your Hand for him to go for- wards to the Liver, and fo let him eat it; then call him to you, and make much of him. This Way of teaching him to hunt with the Liver, not only brings him to the Scent of a Partridge, to be at Command to to lye down, and the like; but alfo to obferveyour Motion which Way you caft it; and thereby, when he is beating about the Field, upon your crying Hey to him, and moving your Hand, he may know by the Motion thereof which Way to hunt, either to the Right or the Left, Being thus expert at this, and alfo at great Command, when he is Hunting at about ftxteen Yards Diftance (which is the Length of the Line) on a fudden cry, Down ; then go round him at a fmall Diftance at firft, taking the Circuit larger and larger, crying Down, that he ftir not, (which he may be apt to do, being at fomc Diftance from you, thinking that he ftiould follow you) and then giving him a Jerk with the Line, crying down, which is to let him know chat he muft not ftir, m-rTX 240 The Gentlemans Beft Guide. When he is thus train’d up, and at Command, let him hunt at Liberty, but with the Line dragging after him ; and being thus hunting loofe, on a hidden give him your Commands to lye down, and peg the End of the Line to the Ground to hinder his running away, (lead the drawing the Net over him the firft Time fhould afright him :) Then pitch down your Staff or Pole, to which fatten your Line of the Net, at feme Diftance from him ; and having the other End of the Net in your Hand, gently draw the Net over him as he lieth ; and if he offers to ftir at your doing it, re- buke him, making him lie clofe, faying, Down, down; and fo draw it over him backwards and forwards, that when you come to draw the Net over him when he fetteth Partridges, he may not be afraid. Being thus far perfected, and will endure to have the Net drawn over him without ftirring, and knows the Scent of the Partridge from the Lark, or any other Game, provide yourfetf with a Brace or Leafh of live Partridges, which carry into the Field; and having Strings to their Legs, peg them down to the Ground, which ought to be done over Night, that he may not know they were placed there by you. Place up a Bough near them, that you may know where they are when you come to hunt, for this Purpofe, that when by beating about the Field he comes near them, (that is, within ten or twelve Yards, having his Line dragging after him, and gaining the Point to be under the Wind of them) give him your Command to lye down : Then round your Dog five, fix, or feven Times, to find where they are, as likewife that he may know his Du- ty ; then come up to him, and peg the End of the Line down to the Ground, that when you have drawn the Net over the Partridges, he may not rife at their Fluttering, as they are apt to do. Then fet a Pole or Staff on the Side of the Partridges, at a reafonable Di- ftance ; to which fix your Line, and gently draw it over your Dog, and let it lie fpread all over. And leatt your firft Net fhould not be fuificient to fpread over the Par- tridges, you fhould be provided with another ; the End of which tic to your Staftj and draw down the Wind towards the Game, (b that both Nets may meet, which will fpread over a good Quantity of Ground. Then make into your Nets, take the Partridges, and make up your Nets; all which time caufe him to lye clofe without ftirring; and having fo done, go to him and reward him with one of the Necks of the Partridges, fuffering him to take their Blood; and if you chance to mifs, reward him with feme Liver as aforefaid. After this Method do feveral times; by which means, when he comes to know the Scent of the Partridge, he will know how to Set a Covey; and you will likewife know at what Diftance he fits, in order to lay over the Nets. Of training up a Setting-Dog. When you have brought your Dogs to this ftaunch and obedient Way of Hunting, and you find him upon the Haunt of any Partridge, (which you will know by his great Eagernefs in Hunting, as alfo by wagging his Stern) then fpeak to him, faying, 'Take heed, Ware, Down, or the like, to keep him from fpringing them, but if he either rufheth in, or queft, fo that he fpings them, take him up, and corredl him well, keeping him Tome time after in his Line, that you may not difcouragc him; then caft him off again to hunt in feme other Haunt, where you think you may find a Covey, and give him Warning as before; and if you fee that he makes a Point, command him to fall, and taking Range about him, look if you can find them ; and if he hath fet them at too great a Dillance, command him to creep nearer, faying. Go nearer, Go nearer, making him creep upon his Belly towards them, until you think he is near enough ; then make him lie clofe without ftirring, and draw over the Net or Nets as before directed ; and be fure to reward him well if he does right: But if he happens to fpring them through Rudenels, or want of Care, then corredl him feverely, and take him up in your Line, lead him home, and tie him up that Night without giving him any Victuals. The next Day take him to the Field in your String, and call him off to hunt about as before direfted, giving him harfli Words, to the End he may call to mind his former Fault, and be fcnfible of your Difpleafure, which will make him the more careful to obey your Commands; and if he doth well, then reward him accordingly. After fome Practice, you will better know the Na- ture of your Dog, how he fets the Partridges, whether at Hand, or at a Diftance; fo that you may thereby guefs how to draw over the Nets; otherwife you will fpring them, and no Fault of the Dog. The beft time to enter your Dog (provided he knows his Game) is in Paring-time, for then you will find snore Game (that is, more Pares than before you can Coveys) and alfo at that time the Partridges will lye :?;more dofe. Never let your Dog hunt too long in hot Weather without Water, for that brings them to the Falling Sicknefs, which French Dogs are more liable to than Englijh. ■Obferve not to give a Bitch that Correction as you do a Dog, for Ihe is not able to undergo it; Ihe is more apt to forget than a Dog; fo that Ihe mult have the oftner teaching. The Gentleman's Beft Guide. DireSlions to he ohferved in Shooting. It will be neceflary for a good Sportfman, before he -can be well cquipt, to be furnifh’d with feveral Sorts of Fowling-Pieces, fuitable to the Game he defigns to kill; a tmall Bore about four Foot* or four Foot and a half •ring in the Barrel is fufficient for fmall Birds; but the Barrel for Ducks, Herns, Wild Geefe, and the like, ought to be about fix Foot long, with a Bore under the Size of a Musket. And for chufing the Barrel obferve the following Directions. Let your Barrel be well poli/hed and fmooth within, and the Bore all of a Bignefs, which you may try by putting In a Piece of Pafte-board or Board cut of the ex- aft Roundnefs of the Top, which gently put down to cDire£?hns fir Shooting. the Touch-hole, and if you find it goes down well and even, without Stops or Slippings, you may imagine it well and even bored. Let your Bridge-Pin be fo me thing above your Touch- hole, only with a Notch in the Bridge-Pin, to let down a little Powder, and then the Gun will not recoil, which it will do, if the Bridge-Pin be below the Touch-hole. Let your Locks be well filed, and true Work, the Springs neither too ftrong, nor too weak; for if too weak, it will not ftrike Fire in raw fleety Weather ; and if too ftrong, it will fhake your Hand in going off. Let the Hammer be very well hardened, and pliable to go down to the Pan with a quick Motion, when you touch the Trigger. Now for trying it, move it gently to the Lock; and if ft goes without any Jerks, in a good circular Motion, it is well made. As for Stocks, Walnut Tree or Alh are very good for Ufe, but Maple is the fineft and beft for Ornament. It is not fufficient only to have a good Fowling-Piece, but your great Care mull be to keep it in good Order; and for that Purpofe obferve the following Directions; Keep it always either in a Cafe of Wood or Clo'th, in a dry Place, for the Damp fpoils and mils it. Let your Lock be always kept clean and oyled, that the Cock, Hammer, and all the Parts be of a nimble Motion, upon Drawing the Trigger. A good Flint is alfo very ne- ceffary ; and the Fowler ought to be provided with fe- veral in his Bag, left one Ihould fail him. The Barrel muft alfo be kept clean ; for if foal, it never carrieth true ; beftdes, ’tis fubjedl to recoil, which is dangerous, and it will occafton it oft-times to flafh in the Pan a great while before it goeth off; by which Means the Fowl are alarmed, and fo efcape, with feveral other Inconveni- ences that may attend. You muft alfo be well acquainted with the Condition of the Gun, whether it be apt to fcatter, or carry the Shot round within Compafs, that you may load it accordingly ; for if you Ihoot at a Flock of great Fowl, then the Shot ought to be large, and there muft be more Powder, and lefs Shot; but if you Ihoot at a fmgle Bird, then lefs Powder and more Shot; The Gentlemans Beft Guide. for the former will fcatter, and the latter fly dole and compaft. Let your Powder be of a middle Size, and as new as you can get it ; for long and bad keeping it, often times fpoils it. Let it be dry when you ufe it, and free from Dull, .v/hich not only fouleth the Barrel, but alfo looleth its Strength. L-et your Shot be well call, and round, without Tails hanging on, which in the Flight gathereth Wind, and confequently flieth not fo far. As to the Size, it mull be according to the Fowl or Birds you defign to kill; but not too great, for then it flies thin and fcattering; nor yet too fmall, for then it will be of little Force ; for the Fowl will fly away with it, as having neither Strength nor Weight to enter far to their Prejudice. Concerning Powder and Shot. Directions for making Shot. Being provided with Lead, (old or Hew it matters not) melt it down in an Iron Veffel, keeping it always ftirring with an Iron Ladle, which Ihould have a Lip or Notch in the Brim, for the better Conveniency of pouring it out; and be fure to skim off all the Drofs and Filth that fwims on the Top ; and when it is fo hot, that it appears of a greenifh Colour, ftrew upon it as much of the Powder of Auripigmentum as will lie upon a Shilling, (provided there be about ten or twelve Pounds of Lead) then llir the Lead well, and the Auripigmen- tum will flame ; then take out a little of the Lead in the Ladle for an Effay, and caufe it to drop out into a Glafs of Water; and if the Drops prove round, and without Tails, then there is enough auripigmentum in it, and the Temper of the Heat is as it ought to be ; but if the Drops be not round, and with Tails, then add more of the Auripigmentum to it; and augment the Heat until at be well. Then take a Copper or Brafs Plate of about the Size of a Trencher, or bigger or Idler, as you think fit, with a Concavity in the Middle, about three or four Inches Diameter ; wherein mull be made forty or fifty Holes of feveral Sizes, as you would have your Shot ‘Directions for Shooting. ®f *• This Concave Bottom fliould be thin, but the Brim thick, the better to retain the Heat This Plate Ihould be placed on two Bars, or over an Iron Frame, over a Tub or Pail of fair Water. Then take oft' your Lead with your Ladle, and pour it gently on the Plate, on which Ihould be burning Coals to keep it hot, for the the Lead will find its Palfage through the Coals into the Water, and fall in round Drops; when the Coals are fcut or dead, put on more, and fo continue pouring on the Lead, until you have finifhed what you intended. If the Lead flop the Plate, and yet not too cool, give the Plate a little Knock, and it will drop again. Your chief Care rauft be, that the Lead be in a good Con- dition, neither too h®t, nor too cold ; for if too hot, it will drop cracky; and if too cold, it will flop the Holes; therefore as near as you can obferve the Temper of the Heat, and you will have good round Shot with- out Tails. It is the bell Way to have divers Plates, each Plate to contain but one Size, and then you need not be at the Trouble of forting them. In Ihooting, whether the Game be Flying, or on the Ground, on a Tree, or on a Hedge, always endeavour {as near as you can) to fhoot with the Wind, and not againft it, and rather Sideways or behind the Fowl, than in their Faces, and not at a lingle Bird, if you can compafs more within your Level; and if on a Treey Hedge, or Ground, feek the convenienteft Shelter you can of Hedge, Bank, Tree, or the like, to be ab- fconded from the Fowls feeing you, which is very often- five to them ; and being within Shot, and a fair Mai k, lofe no time, but let Fly. You mull: always have a Spaniel, trained up for the Sport, attending you very clofe, to fetch what you have Ihot, as well thofe that are killed, as thofe that are maimed ; and it may happen, that molt of them (Water-Fowl efpecially) are not to be come at conve- niently by you, fo that they would be 1011, were k not for the Afiiftance of your Dog, who, upon your Word of Command, immediately feeks them out, and brings The Gentleman s Beft Guide. them to you. And be fare to have your Dog under fuch Dil'cipline, as not to ftir from your Heels until you have (hot, and then give him the Word of Com- mand to go ; for to rufh forth too fuddenly upon the firft Fire, or Snap of the Cock, when probably the Gun doth not go off, as many mad-headed Dogs will do, may prove the Lofs of your Game by fpringing them. JShooting Flying is by Experience found the beft and fureft Way, for when your Game is on the Wing, it is more expofed to Danger, for if but one Shot hits any Part of its Wings when expanded, it will occafion it to fall, although not to kill it; fo that your Spaniel will: foon be its Vidor, and, if well difeiplin’d to the Sport,, bring it to you. The Gun moft proper for this Sport fhoulcl be about four Foot and a half in the Barrel, and of a pretty wide £ore, fomething under a Musket* You fliould have your Gun always cockt in Readinefs, with your Thumb over the Cock, for fear of ks going off contrary to your Intention j fo that when you meet with any Game, you mull be quick ,• and having got an Aim to yoifr Mind, let fly with all Expedition'. A great many are of Opinion, that you mull Ihoot fomething before the Fowl, otherwife it will be part before the Shot can reach it; but that Ido not altoge- ther credit; for no Game can fly fo quick, but that the Shot will take it, if rightly aim’d; for the Shot fly- eth about as wide as the Compafs of a Bulhel, if rightly order’d in the Charging. Yet lam of Opinion, if the Game flyeth as it were over your Head, ’cis bell to aim at the Head; and if it ftieth from you, to aim as it were under its Belly; and ’tis found beft to let the Game fly a little paft you, before you let fly, for there- by the Shot will the better enter the Body. You muft be provided with one or two Spaniels, fuch as are rather flack mettled, not ranging out of Shot, than thofe as are hot fpirited, to raife the Game beyond Shot, and efpecially fuch as are at Command, being trained up to bring the Game to you; and tender mouth’d, fo as not to tear and fpoil them. it is good to have a Companion with you, expert in this Exercife, who muft be provided with a G un, then ? let one go on one Side of the Hedge, or Field, and the other on the other, provided the Field/be not too broad, and beyond the Reach of your Guns to the Midft there- of ; then caft off your Spaniels to range about betwixt you, but near at Hand, observing to follow their Mo- tion ; fo that when any Game is fprung up, you or your Companion may be within Reach of them. You muft ebferve the like in feeking for Cocks or Snipes about Plafhesi Above all Things take Care, that you train up your.Dogs fo as to hunt within Compafs, and not ftragling.' If you deiTgn for Cocks, and in a Wood, you may ufe two or three Spaniels ; and if you had three or four Men on Trees to obferve when the Spaniels have flufh’d any, then they Ihould fay, I have marked, which is a Signal to thofe that Ihoot, to come and make his Shot. If you defign to kill Ducks, ufe fuch Dogs only as will follow you clofe behind. The Spring is the beftTime to learn to ihoot Flying, for then Swallows and Swifts are very plenty, which is the beft Mark to learn. 'Directions for Shooting;- This Method of Shooting Flying may be performed on Horfe-back, which is more commodious and lefs toilfome ; But then your chief Bufmefs muft be to bring your Horfe to good Command, and to underftand his Duty, which he may be foon brought unto, the chief Thing being to ftand ftill upon the leaft Check of the Bridle, and not to ftart at the Noife or Report of the Gun. One Ounce of Champhire to 2 Pounds of Hog’s Lard, dilfolve them together, and take off the Scum ; mix as much Black Lead as will bring them to an Iron Colour ; rub your Arms over with this, and let it lie on twenty- four Hours ; then clean them as well as poffible with a Linnen Cloth, and they will keep without the leak Rull for fix Months. To keep Arms from Ruft. To make Black Ball, for Boot{. Take 6 Ounces of Bees-Wax, 2 Ounces of Virgin’s Wax, 1 Ounce of hard Tallow, and i Barrel of Lam p- The Gentlemans Bcft Guide. .Black well mix’d and boil'd together in an earthen Pot glaz’d. When you take it off the Fire, take i Ounce of Plumb Gum beaten very (mail, 'which pour in gradually, ftirring it continually till it is quite cold and incorporated j then preferve it for Ufe, JHaving given you full Infractions for Hunting, Cour- ilng, Setting, and Shooting; an Account of the fe- deral Kinds of Dogs neceffary for thofe Diverfions 5 the Laws of Courfing ; Directions for making Shot • Receipts for the Cleaning and Preferring Boots and Fire-Arms, with divers other Obfervations and In- fruitions ufeful in thofe mof noble Arts, the following is a choice Collection of Receipts for the Cure of all common Difiempers incident to Dogs. A Remedy by nuhich many Dogs bitten by a Mad-Dog, have been trefervedfrom running mad. Take 3 Plants (/. e. Roots and Leaves) of that Herb which is called Rofe-Plantane, or by feme, Star-Plan- tane, and having chopt it fmall with a convenient Quan- tity of Butter, let the bitten Dog take it the firft Day- > the fecond Day give him five Plants order’d as before, and the next Day feven. 31? cure a Dog 'when he has been bit by a mad Deg, or a, riper-, an approved Remedy. When a Dog has been bit, then, as (bon as can be, wafh the wounded Parts with hot Vinegar, changing the Vinegar two or three Times, and cut or {have off the Hair; then immediately light a Piece of Tinder, and lay it red hot upon each Wound till the Dog is thoroughly fenfible of burning ; then wafh the Wound every Day with ftale Urine, and keep your Dog muzzled, and it will certainly cure him. If your Dog is bit with a Viper, walh the Part clean with hot Vinegar or Urine, and (have the Place where the Wound was, or cut the Hair clofe, and then anoint it with Oil of Vipers once a Day for fix or (even Days* but muzzle him all the Time, unlefs at the Times that he fhould cat or drink, and then keep him from Lick- Rec. ipts for the Cure of Dog. 249 ing ; and the fame Methods fhould be ufed with him as directed for the Bite of a mad Dog. A Dog that is bit with a Slow-worm, or Blind-worm, is in as much Danger as if he had been bit by a Viper. Give him Flower of Brimftone and frefh Batter, and vvafh him with a Liquor made of human Urine, a Gallon, boiled half an Hour, with a Pound of Tobacco Stalks boiled in it; the Butter and Brimftone muft be gi- ven every Morning falling, and the outward Application immediately after ; but you muft muzzle your Dog, or by his licking himfelf he will die. To cnre a Dog of the Mange. To harden the Feet of a Greyhound not ufed to travel, or the Feet of a Setter or Pointer, voho hath ranged too much. Wafh their Feet with warm Allum Water, taking Cara that the Sand is out, and an Hour afterwards wafh them with waim Beer and Butter. To cure Dogs viounded by flaking them [elves, or to flop et violent Ejfujion of Blood. If any of thefe Dogs fhould happen to flake themfelves,. by bruiliing through Hedges, then cut of all the Hair a- bout the Wounds, and wafh them with warm Vinegar. If a Dog receives a Bruife in any Joint, to cure him, cut off the Hair about the Place, and rub the Part gently with the following Mixture, viz., i Ounces of Oil of Spike, and 2. Ounces of Oil of Swallows mixed ; but muzzle him when you lay it on. If your Dog happens to he ftak’d, or wounded any other Way, then where the Wound rs (and no large Vef- fels broken) immediately apply Tome Oil of Turpentine, but fecai'e the Dog’s Mouth that he does not bite you • for the Turpentine will occafion a violent Smart for about a Minute j but then you may be allured it will work a perfeft Cnre. Where any Wound is, the Hair muft be cut dole to To cure a frefli Wound in a Dog. The Gentleman s Befl Guide. the Skin, or elfc they would fret the Wound, and make it mortify. If there be any deep Holes in the Wound, then take feme frefh Butter and burn it in a Pan, and while it is hot, make a Tent with fome feraped Lint, and when it is dipped in the warm Butter, put the Tent into the Hole of the Wound, and change the Tents every Morning ; by this Means the Wounds will Toon heal, and when you. change them, walla the Wounds with Milk. But when you life Tents to your Dogs, you mull fwathe them with broad Slips of Linnen, fo that they may not get at their Wounds; for they will elfe endea- vour to remove them from their Places. To cure a Do* of Convulfions.. He will firft flagger, and then fall and flutter with his Leas, and his Tongue hang out of his Mouth $ then dip his Nofe and Tongue immediately into cold Water, and he will prefently recover ; but it is likely he may have a fecond Fit foon after; and then give him as much Wa- ter as he will drink, and then he will be well: This will five the Trouble of bleeding him in the Tail. A Purge for a Dog, if you imagine he hath been poifoned. Take Oil of Englijh Pitch i large Spoonful for a large Dog, or in Proportion for a leffer; give it him in "a Morning, and it will carry off the Malignity the fame Day. To cure a Megrim in a Dog, When you find a Dog to flagger as he walks, take him and open a Vein under his Tail, and he will prefent- |y recover. When you perceive any Film growing over your Dog*s Eves, prepare the following Water to walh them with twice or thrice a Day. Take the Quantity of a large Pea of white Vitriol, and put it in about half a Pint of Spring-water, and when it has flood a Day, take a Piece of fine Linnen Cloth, and To cure Films growing over the Eyes of Dogs, Receipts for the Cure of Dogs. dip it in the laid Liquor, fqueezing it a little, and then pals it over the Dog’s Eyes gently live or fix Times; and -after about a Minute is palled, then with a little Spring-water walh his Eyes again, and dry them ; if you find the Dog’s Eyes fmart, do this twice a Day. There is a Neceffity for Dogs always to have Water at their Command; for they are of a hot Nature, and would frequently drink, if they had Opportunity. Mr. Figg’r Medicine, by which he has federal Times cured the Bite of a mad Dog. Take one Pound of Salt, put it into a Quart of Spring-water, walh, bathe, and fqueeze the Wound for an Hour, then bind a little Salt upon the Wound, and keep it on for twelve Hours : Be fure, as foon as the Wound is given, make ufe of the above- laid Medicine. Another Receipt to cure the Bite of a mad Dog. Take the Roots of Flower-de-Luce one Handful, bruife and ftamp them fmall, and put them into Milk and give it the Dog ; A great many Dogs, and Keepers of Dogs, who have been bit by mad Dogs, have been cured by this Receipt. The Keepers of Dogs take the Flower-de-Luce Root, and boil it in Milk, and then ftrain it, and drink the Milk. To kill Ticks, Lice, or Fleas in Dogs. Take of beaten Cummin, with as much Hellebore, and mix them together with Water, and walh your Dogs with it ; or with the Juice of Cucumbers, if the above cannot be had, and anoint him all over with the Lees of old Dregs of Oil Olive. Another. Walh him with Water wherein Lime has been flacked, and fome Wormwood and Carduus boiled with it, and anoint him with Goofe Greafe and Soap. rfhe Gentleman s Befl Guide, &c. 252 In hot Weather this fometimes occaftons Madnefs in Dogs; and therefore look under his Tongue, and you will fee fomething white, which draw out with a lharp Bodkin, and anoint the Wound with Allum and Honey. For the Worm under the Tongue. If the Ears of a Dog be only fcabby, anoint them with Oil of Bitter Almonds, and it will foon heal them ; but if they be fore within, then mix with the above. Tar and Hog’s Greafe, and it will make a perfed Cure. For fore Ears. N. B. A Greyhound Bitch goes fix Weeks with Whelp, and her Whelps are twelve Days blind : But all other Bitches go twelve Weeks with Whelp, and .their Whelps are only /even Days blind. THE Country Gentleman’s BEST GUIDE, CHAP. 11. Containing Cautions, Rules, and Directions to be taken and ohferved in Fishing *, with the Manner of making and preferring of Rods, Lines, Floats, artificial Flies, &c. and for chufmg and preferring feveral Sorts of cu- rious Baits. IT is hoped this fhort Treat ife upon Angling will be found, upon Experience, to be as ufeful a Piece as any that has hitherto appeared in Print. As the Rules and Directions laid down in it are only to inftruft Beginners • fo they will, if carefully followed, foon make them com- plete Mafters of the Art. Many Things might be faid in the Praife of Angling • but as that is only trifling away Time, and very little to the Purpofe, fo I (hall make no Mention of them, but immediately proceed to the main Point; in doing which, 1 fhall endeavour to be as concile as poffible* The Gentlemans Beft Guide. 254 Moft Writers upon this Subjeff have told you, that a young Angler fhould be furnifhed with a great Variety and Number of Hooks, with Silk, Wax, Sciflars, Land. ing-Hook and Landing-Net, Plummets, Shot and Floats of divers Sorts * as alfo with Silk Lines, Hair Lines, and' Indian Weed, the Feathers from the Hackle of a Red: Cock, Capon’s Neck, and Plover, or Wing of a Par* tridge, with Gold or Silver Twift for the making his ar- tificial Flies ; he Ihould likewife have a Basket or Bag for his Fifii; a Reel for bis Silk Lines ; and Pouch for his Hair Lines * in which there fhould be divers Partitians for his Silk* Hooks, Wax, Shot, and Flies, a Box for his Worms, and another for his Gentles, Experience will foon (hew him what other Things he may haveOccafioa for. A Rod is the fivftThiog 1 fhall treat of, which fhould be made of Red Sallow, Withe or Hazel, chofen when the Sap is out- that is, in OBober or November. When you have got fine Sprouts, that are free from Knots, and that will anfwer for Tapernefs to one another, put them to dry on Hooks, on the Side of a Wall, with the large End downwards* where there is almoft a conform Heat, but very gentle, taking Care fo to place your top Joints that they may not warp in drying, and about February pare off the Knots, When they are dry, fix to tbeTop a Piece of round and taper Whalebone 5 minding to fplice your Joints with a Nicety ; which you fhould do with a fine wax’d Thread } you may make your Rods longer or {hotter, or weaker or ftrenger, according to the Place you would fifhin, or theFifhyou intend to take; and if you fix fine Wire Rings from one End of your large Rods (which arc ufed for large Fifh) to the other, fo curioufly, as that upon laying your Eye to one, you may fee through all the reft, it will be of great Service to you, for your Line running through all thefe Rings, keeps it in a due Po- ftu.c. You fhould likewife about a Foot above the End of your large Rods, affix a Winch or Wheel to give Li- berty to your Fifh, if large, to run, it being fometimes improper to check him before he returns of himfelf: Your Rod being finifhed, and fit for Ufe, you fhould twice a Week rub it with Linfced or SalJad Oil, to prevent its cDireßions for Piffling. growing too brittle, or becoming rotten. Rods made all of a Piece, or of two Joints at moft, are to be prefer- red ; they require a Twelve-Month a Seafoning. Now to make them of a brown Colour, as they may make no Reflection in the Water, take off the outward Rind, and having mixed a little Capons Create with Spanijh Brown, rub the Rod over therewith before a gentle Fire, and ic will prefently bring it to your defired Colour. Before you life your Hair, fee that it be long, even,, and round, and without Flaw or Blemifh, which you fhould take from the Tail of a .young white or grey Stone-horfe when in his full Vigour ; and in chufing your Hooks, mind them to be fharp at the Points; and par- ticularly obferve, that the Beards are good: ChufcHooks with fhort Shanks, and Wire that is ftrong ; for if it be weak, it will certainly fpoil your Sport; and when you fatten them to your Line, obferve to lay your Line on the Infide of the Shank, and fo whip it neatly about with a final] Silk Thread well waxed, minding to leave no Knot in the Hair; but more of this hereafter. Ghfervations in chufing good Hair, Hooks, &c. To make Hair Lines for Angling. Let your Hair be round, and of an equal Bignefs, and when you have got an Inftrument for Twitting, cut off the Bottom Part, that being generally rotten ; then twitt it neatly without Gaping or Snarles ; which done, lay it into Water to fee which of it fhrinks; after a Quarter of an Hour’s (baking, take it our, and twitt it again; then let it twine its own Way, and after ftretching it a little, you may tie your Links together with the Fifhers or Wea- vers Knot ; thus you will have ftrong and even Lines t Lines made of Silk are not amifs, but I prefer Hair, the Silk being often apt to rot. Now the beft Colour for Lines is "the dark Aflb colour, forrel, white, and grey ; the two laft for clear Waters, and the two firft for mud- dy Rivers; the pale watery Green is an excellent Colour, and may be made thus: Take a Quart of Allum Water, put into it fomething more than a Handful of Marygold Flowers, boil it till a yellow Scum arifes; then take half The Genthmans Bcft Guide. a Pound of Copperas, and as much Verdegreafe, and beat them together to a fine Powder, and put them and the Hair into the Allum Water, and let it lie in ten Hours or more 5 then take the Hair out, and let it dry. Hair may be made of divers other Colours, in the following Manner. Yellow Hair is made by damping and boiling three Handfuls of Walnut Tree Leaves in two Quarts of fmall Ale, or Water, and putting your Hair into it ; where it may remain till it come to your defired Colour. Ruffet Colour Hair is thus made : Put half a Pound of Soot in a Pint of ftrong Lees, with two Spoonfuls of the Juice of Walnut Tree Leaves; boil them well in a Pan; take it off, and when it is cold, put in your Hair, letting it remain till it becomes as dark as you would have it; and if you would have it darker, put fome Um- ber into the Liquor, and it will anfwer your End. Brcwn Hair is thus made : Let your Hair foak two Days in ftrong Ale and Salt, and it will be a fine brown Colour. Tawny Hair is made thus: Take feme Lime-water and fteep your Hair in it about four Hours} then take it out, and put it for one Day in a Tan.pit or Tanners Ouze, and it will become a fine Tawny Colour. Mind always to dye your Hairs before you make it in- to Lines. From March to September ufe the Green, from thence to December ufe the Yellow in all Waters that are clear. Ufe the Ruflet cither in Rivers, Pooles or Lakes all the Winter. In blackifh Waters you fhould ufe the Brown} and the Tawny fhould be ufed chiefly in thofe Rivers or Waters that are moorifh or heathy. All Gentlemen who intend to make Angling a Part of their Diverfion fhould provide themfelves with all the Ma- terials before mentioned j and as for Hooks, he fhould buy a good Number of divers Sorts and Sizes, minding the Directions before laid down for the chufing them. They are to be had at rnoft Filhing Tackle Shops, where they may likewise buy a Landing- Net and Hooks : A Piece of thin Sheet-lead rolled up, of about an Ounce or better, makes the beft Plummet. ‘Directions for Fiftiing. 257 Now the Way to whip a Hook is as follows : Wind your waxed Silk a little above the End of your Line for a Straw’s Breadth, and then put your Hook to it, twilling the Silk about for two Parts of the Length you find it neceflary to be twilled j then put your Stlk in at the Hole two or three Times over the Beard of your Hook ; then wet the Hook, and draw the Silk tight and clofe, letting the Line be always on the Infide of the Shank of your Hook, and then cut off your Silk and the End of the Line as dole as you can to the Twilling. your Hair Lines as follows; for fmall Roach, Bleake or Gudgeon, Ruff or Pope, a Line of one Hair \ for Dace or Roach, a Line with three ; for Pcarch, Flounder or Bream, with four; for Chub or Chevin, Carp, Tench and Eel, with fix ; for large Bream, Trout, Chub, or Barbel, with nine ; and for Salmon fifteen. But at moll Fifhing-Tackle Shops you may have Indian Weed, which is bell to make your lower Link of for either Trout, Bream or Carp. When you have cut as much of a brown Mallard’s Feathers as will make the Whings, minding the Size of your Hook, put the Line within Side of the Hook, and place the Point of the Feather to the Shank of the Hook ; then bind it about two or three Times with the fame colour’d Silk as you fatten’d your Hook on with ; which done, take the Hackel of a Plover’s Topping, {trip one Side of the Feathers, then fatten at the Bent of your Hook below the Arming, your Hackel, Silk, Crewel, and Gold or Silver Thread ; then with your Gold or Silver Thread work up the Hackel to the Whings, obferving that every Turn be done very neat and tight ; when the Head is made, work your Hackle up to it, and make that faft; then divide the Whings apart with a Needle, whipping the Silk about crofs ways between the Whings to divide them; turn the Point of the Feathers towards the Bent of the Hook j twift the Silk a few Times about the Shank, and fo fatten off. It is a very hard Task for any one to make an Artificial Fly} but if the above Directions be To make an artificial Fly. The Gentleman s Beft Guide. carefully obferved, you may make them fo as to anfwcr jour End very well. There are many Sorts of thefe Flies, which are gene* rally ufcd in the Months following. In March there are two Dun Flies much ufed ; the firft is made of Dun-colour’d Wool, and the Whings of the Mayle of a Partridge; thefecond is made of BlackWooll, and the Whings of the Dun Feathers of a Drake’s Tail. In April there are divers Flies ufed, as the bright Brown, the Body of which is made of Spaniel’sFur, and the Whings of light Grey the dark Brown, the Body make of dark brown and fome violet Camlet mixt, and the Whings of the grey Feathers of a Mallard $ and the Stone or May. Fly, the Body make of black Wool made Yellow under the Tail and Whings, and the Whings make of a Drake’s Down. In May there are three Flies iifed, all which you will find to be of great Service; the fiift is the red or ruddy Fly, which make of reddifti Wooll wrapt round with Blade Silk, and the Whings mixt of the Mayle of a Mallard, and the red Feathers of a Capon’s Tail, The fecond is the Yellow Fly, the Body of which make of yellowWooll. and the Whings of the Tail of a red Cock; the third is the Black Fly, the Body of which make of Black Wooll wrapt about with the Herle of a Peacock’s Tail, and the Whings of the Feathers of a brown Capon, with blue Feathers in the Head. In June there is likewise three Flies ufed ; the fiift is the hid yellow or greenifh Fly, the Body of which make of Black Wool, with a Lift of Yellow on either Side, and the Whings of a red Cock’s Mayle. The fecond is the moorifh Fly, the Body of which make of a duskifh-co- loui’J Wooll, and the Whings of the.blackifli Mayle of a Drake : The third is the tawnifh.Fly,. the Body make of tawny Wooll, and make the Whings contrary one againft the other of the whitifti Mayle of a white Drake. In July there are two Flies made life of; the fiift is the Wafp Fly, the Body make of Black Wooll clapt abort with yellow Silk, and the Whings of a Buzzard’s Down, or of a Drake’s Feathers. The fecond is the Shell Fly, termed alfo the Green Fly, make the Body of greenifh Uirelytions for Fiftiing- 259 Wo oil, and the Wirings with the Herle of a Peacock’s Tail. In j4u?uJl ufe the dark cloudy dark Fly, make the Body of Black Wooll, wound round with black Silk, and the Wirings of the under Mayle of a Mallard, with a black Head : This mull be made off the Hook; and when you* draw it on your Hook, be fure that no Part of it be di£ cerned. The rougher the Bodies of your Flies are, and the more fhining, the better they are liked ; and thole that delight in Filhing with thefe Flies, fhould take Care to have a good Number of divers Sorts, for fometimes Fifh will rife at one Fly, when they will not at another; and they fhould take Care fo to throw their Lines, that the Fly falls firft on the Water, and that none of the Line touch it, which will certainly frighten away the Fifh, and fo prevent their rifing ; and in Fifh-flying obferve to have always the Wind in your Back; in flow Rivers and ftili Places caft your Line as far as you can, and let it fink a little, then draw it gently back, and let the Fly float lei- furely with the Current. There is fo much Trouble in preparing and making Artificial Flies, that I would rather recommend the Buying of them at fome skilful Artifl, than the making them themfelves. 1 have caught very good Trout, and other Fifh, with the Fly called the May Fly, which may be met with on the Reeds or Sedge near the River Side in that Month, and have long brown Wirings ; and I have often caught very good Dace and, Bleak with a common Houfe Fly. Floats. It being very proper for every Angler to know bow to make his own Floats, I fhall here lay down the Method thereof. Get a Piece of found, firm and clofe Cork, fhape it like an Egg, except that the fmall End be foraewhat thin- ner ; bore it through with a fmall red-hot Iron, making it ns fmooth and even as pofTible ; then put therein a Goofe Quill to your defired Length, letting the fmall End of the Cork be next your Hook, and your Line muft run thro” the Quill, The Gentleman's Beft Guide. A Float a little bigger than a Pea will ferve for a Angle Hair-line j for three Hairs it fhould be three Times as big j for fix Hairs as big as a Walnut; and all above as big as a double Walnut. But for dill Waters 1 prefer Swan or Goofe Quill Floats with a red Top* which you may make yourlelf, or buy at the Tackle Shops $ the Way to make them is thus s Take a Swan or a Goofe Quill, dip the fmall End.(which will be uppermod when in the Water) in any Kind of red Paint; cut it to your defired Length; then take a Bit of Stick, and cut it round and fmooth till it exa&ly fits the Quill; when you have fo done, fix in the End of the Stick a fmall Piece of Brafs Wire loopwife, and fo fix the Stick in your Quill, with the Loop out; then cut a fmall Piece out of the Middle of another Quill, and put it over the thin End of your Float, to come near the Middle ; which done, it is finidied 5 the Loop in the Stick at the Bottom of your Float, is for your Line to go through, and the Piece of Quill that goes over, is to keep the Line clofe all the Way up the Side of it. As the Intent of Floats is to fee when the Fifh bite, fo when the Cork or Quill Float is drawn underWater gent- ly, then drike, but not with too fmart a Jerk, and then draw your Fifh up} if he be large, you may let him take 8 or 10 Plunges, which will tyre him, before you draw him outj in doing which, a good Angler is never too hady. To keep and preferve live Baits. All Worms fhould be kept in an earthen Pan in Mofs, which fhould be walked and fqueezed dry twice a Week, dropping a Spoonful of Cream into the Mofs every three or lour Days, and keep the Pan in a cool Place; Thus you may keep and prefervc them for a long Time : Moft Dunghills will fupply you with Worms, but the Brandlings are generally found in Cow or Hog’s Dung, and the Lob Worms in the Night-time, and bed after a Shower of Rain, for then they come out to feed in large Quantities ia the Paths or Grafs-fields, or the Walks of Gardens. Preferve Ant-fles thus : Take the blacked Ant-fly out of the Ant-Hill * which you will find all the Summer, be fure to get them with their Whings on j then get a cDtreflions for Fifhing. 261 Glafs-Bottle that will holds a Quart, put therein a Hand- ful of the moift Earth and Roots of Grafs $ then put the Flies gently in, that they loofe not their Whings, and then put fome Earth over them, and they will keep alive for a Month or two. Breed Gentles thus : Take a Piece of Bcaft's Liver, hangftt over a Barrel full of dry Clay ; let the Liver be fly-blown ; and as the Gentles grow big, they will fall into the Barrel and fcowre themfelves, and be conftantly ready for Service. As Gentles are a very good Bair, and the better for being lively, I fhall give you the Method of preferving them: When you take them from the Tal- low', keep them in moift Sand ; and as you want them, take them out of the Sand, and put them into fine dry Sand or Bran, to take with you for Ufe. From the Spawn or Eggs of Beetles are bred Grubs; they are found in Holes under Horfe or Gow Dung } which preferve thus ; Take a Number of them, and put them, with a Peck of their own Earth, into a tlofe Ve£ lei, and they will keep all the Winter. The Bob, Cadis-worm, Canker, 2nd fuch-like, mull be preferved in the fame Things as you take them. Live Flys muft be ufed as you catch them ; or pre- ferved fome Time, by putting them in a Bottle with fome Sugar. Having now treated of every Thing neceflary to equip an Angler, I fhall proceed to give fome general Direc- tions, with the Times and Seasons for Angling ; and the Methods and Baits ufed in the taking of divers Sorts of Fifh : But as feveral Gentlemen may be defirous often to get a Difh of Fifh for to pleafure a Friend, or even to fat'sfy his own Curiofity, without the Trouble of Ang- ling for it, 1 fhall in the firft Place lay down Direftions for the Throwing of a Cafting-Net, which may be had at any Net-Makers in London. The Way of Throwing a Cajling-Net is thus: There is a long Cord to the final! End of the Net with a Loop at the End of it; put that Loop over your left Wreft ; tlien take Up fQ much of the Net in your left Hand, as that the Leads juft reach the Ground ; then 262 The Gentleman's Beft Guide. with your right Hand take up a third Part, and thrown over your left Shoulder, fo as to fpread all over your Back : Then take up another Third in your right Hand, and let the remaining Third hang down j now ftand up- right, and being in the Place where you intend to caft it, incline your Body a little to the Left, that you may fwing yourfclf about with the greater Force 5 now throw your Net * as you turn to the Right, take a large Scope with with your right Arm, keeping your Feet always in the fame Pofture j for though you are firft to incline your Body to the Left; and in throwing, bring it about to the Right, yet your Feet are always to ftand firm. As this Bufinefs is very wet and dirty, you (bould have a leather Coat tied before with Strings, and them to lay even and clofe, for if you have Buttons, and the Melbes of the Net in the Swing ihould lay hold of them, it will go near to hawl you in. Thus if you live near any Place that is well ftored,you may catch a good Difti of Fifh in a very few Hours; for this Net, if well thrown, brings up every Thing within its Reach : But mind that you have Room enough, and a good Bottom, for any Roots of Trees or Pofts under Water will certainly tear your Net j if you throw your Net firft in an open Place, by Way of Pra&ice only, you will eafily learn how to throw it in any Place, al- though never fo much confined for Room. Some general DireEUons for Angling. As every Angler generally has his peculiar Haunts, fo he ftiould, to draw the Filb together, put in their Holes every four or five Days, fome Corn boiled foft, Worms chopt to Pieces, Garbage, or Grains fteeped in Blood and dried. You ftiould never let your Shadow lie upon clear (hallow Watery and be fure, as often as you can conve- niently, to (belter yourfelf under fome Bufh or Tree, at fuch a Diftance from the River, that you can but juft per- ceive your Float, efpccially if it be in a clear gravelly Place, where you can fee to the Bottom. Always angle in black or dark-colour’d Cloaths. Before you fix your Bait to Angle, be fure to plum your Depth, and fo let your Bait lie on the Ground, or fo far from 'Directions for Fifhing. 263 ft as fhall be directed hereafter, when we come to treat of the taking of divers Sorts of Filh. If you Angle in a Pond where Cattle drink, chufe to ftand at their Fording Place f but in a River, at fitch Places as are the likelieft Haunts for fuch Sort of Fifh ; as for Trout in quick Streams, and with a Fly upon the Stream on the Top of the Water; for Pearch and Roach on Scowrsj deep Holes t'nat are pretty much fiiaded for Chub; under Banks that hang over for Eels; and the Bream you will find in the quieteft and deeped Part of the River. When you fids in Rivers troubled with Weeds, where there is generally good Sport, on Account of the warm Harbour it is for Fifh, take particular Care how you throw in your Hook, or ftrike a Bite, lead, being too eager, yon loofe both Hook and Line. The bed Places to angle in are the Falls of Mills, and the Opening of Sluices, if you let your Bait go with the Comic of the Water, or under old Bridges, hollow Banks, or great Roots of Trees, which are fine Harbours for large Fidi, or efpecially where there is a Whirling or Turning of the Water, and upon a clear gravelly Soil, or in a deep dill Water. If you pul! out the Eyes of fuch Fifli as you catch, and fifh with them, you will find them good Baits. Your Line fhould be near as long again as your Rod in Fly-fidiing, and you fhould withdraw your Bait when it begins to fink; and in whipping, obferve that the Fly falls gently on the Water fird, without any of the Line; and in this Way of Fifhing, always go with the Stream, keeping yourfelf out of Sight as much as poffible, letting the Wind be in your Back, as 1 faid before. There is a Way made Ufe of, called Angling hy Hand with a Ground Bair, and no Float, and only one Shot to fink your Hook, which fhould be fmall, your Line fomc- thing longer than your Rod, and with a fmall Cad or Brandling for a Bait: You fhould fifh in a clear Stream only, and always up the River, having your Worm be- fore you, with a light Rod like that ufed in Fifhing with a Fly ; and thus your Bait will be fometimes taken at Top, at other Times in the Middle, and almod always before the one Shot finks it quite to the Bottom, becaufc of the Stream’s helping to keep it up in the fird Place* and in The Gentlemans Beft Guide. the next, your always keeping it in Motion, by pulling k in and throwing it out again like Fly-fiftaing; but as you fiiould always in this Cafe pull gently againft the Stream, To the beft Place to ftand on is a Bridge or Plank that erodes the River. 1 think I have now nothing more to fay, but to re- member you, that you never put your Lines, of what Sort foever, up wet ; and always to mind and oil your Rod twice a Week with Linfeed or Sallad Oil. As to the proper Times and Seafons for Angling, I fhall mention only fuch as by Experience I find to be the beft. Cloudy cool Weather, in the hot Months, is the beft to Angle in, cfpecially if you have a South or Weft Wind, for *tis found by Experience to be in vain to angle with an Eafterly Wind ; In fhort, there is good Angling with a Ground Bait, from March or April to OBober, a lowering Day being better than a clear one, and a cool one better than a hot one; and the beft Hours for Angling arc from about Three ?n the Morning till about Nine, and from Four or Five in the Afternon, till you cannot fairly fee the Motion of your Float, there being very little Sport to be had in the Middle of the Day, efpecially when the Sun lies hot on the Water. In Winter all Times are alike, faye that the hotter it is the better. But for Whipping with a Fly, the principal Months are March, April, May, and June, a little in the Morning, and a little in the Even- ing j but the beft Time is from Six to Nine or Ten, in a fine, warm, calm Evening ; when, if you give them the Fly they are inclined to, they will rife, bite freely, and give you excellent Sport, The Methods and Baits ujed for taking diners Sorts of Filh. From March to Michaelmas is the beft Seafon to Angle for Salmon, which generally fwim in the broadeft Part of the River, near the Ground, and are taken with an Arti- ficial Fly thus • As foon as ever he riles, give a Jerk, and yon will hook him j as foon as he finds himfelf hung, he will plunge about, but not endeavour to run very far away give him Line, and he will foon return j when you perceive he returns, which you will cafily do for Pifhing. by your Line’s growing flack, wind up as faft as he gives you Line; when he is tired, draw him gently to the Shore, and take him out with your Landing-Net or Hook, which you mud always take with you, when you go with an Intent to kill large Fifh ; and your Flies mud be pretty large, with long Wings ; and as he is a ftrong Filh, you mud ufe your Troll as for Pike. When you fifh with a Ground Bait for Salmon, it mud be 6 red Worms feoured well in Mofs, and put all on the Hook together, threading them over the Hook in fitch a Manner as to hide the Arming or Place where it is fattened to the Line ; then drop your Line in a deep Hole in the River, or clofe under the Bank, drawing it up and down gently, and if Salmon be there, they will Toon take the Bai; ; never attempt to fifh for Salmon after Nine in the Morning, nor before Six in the Evening. Be fine to give them Time to gorge the Balt, for fometimes they Will nibble at it for feme Time before they will fwallow if. If this will not do, take off the Lead from your Line, and put a finall Fifh upon your Hook, by running it through the Fins on the Back, and then drap it in, let- ting him fwim about near the Hole; and if he takes this, hook him direftly. The Rod with the Ring of Wire on the Top, thto’ which the Line runs, with the Winch or Wheel near the Hand, is very proper to ufe for taking of Salmon when you fifh with a Ground Bait. Salmon-Fry are taken with a fine Hair-line, with two or three Hooks and fmall Artificial Flies fix’d at a Di- ftance from one another, and a fine taper Rod : Throw out your Line, and in drawing or jerking it eafy back again, you will fee three or four of them rife at a Time; they are very very greedy, and you may draw them out of the River as foon as ever you have hooked them. Salmon Peel are taken by dropping your Line, baited with a Brandling, gradually into the Hole; when he bites, don’t ttrike him eagerly: He is a fny Fife, fo you muft be fure to keep out of Sight; and the Time to take him is in the Morning, any Time before Nine, or after Six in the Afternoon, Trout are in their Prime at the End of May: They are caught with the Minnow, Pew Worm, Lob Worm, The Gentlemans Beft Guide. or Brandling, which is beft when taken out of the Tan- ner’s Bark; or with the natural or artificial Fly ; let your Worms be fcoured in Mofs as before directed; ufe a ta- per Rod with a good Hair-line, and let your Rod point down the Stream. This being a very fhy Fifh, you rauft be fure to keep out of Sight. Morning and Evening is the beft Time to fifh for them. If you would take them by Hand, with a running Line without Cork or Float, get a lob Worm, put your Hook in it a little above the Middle, and out a little below it; then draw your Worm above the Arming of your Hook ; and then run your ‘Hook in at the Tail, that the Point may come out at the Head. When you ufe a Minnow, take the wdiiteft, and one that is not too large, and put him on the Hook thus ; put your Hook in at his Mouth, and out at his Gill, drawing it thro’.about three Inches; then put the Hook again into his Mouth, and let the Point and Beard come out at his Tail; then tie the Hook and Tail about with a fine white Thread, and let the Body of the Minnow be almoft ftraight upon the Hook ; then try againft the Stream if it will turn, for the fafter it turns, the better j or, for want of a Minnow, ufe a Loach or Stickle-back. Throw your Line in, and draw the Minnow up the Stream by Degrees near the Top of the Water ; and if the Trout fees it, he will ftrike boldly at it ; which done, give him Time to gorge it before you hook him. To take Trout with a May-Fly, ftand out of Sight un- der fome Tree or Hedge, with your Back to the Wind, and a fine light Hazel Rod in your Hand, and a Line of two or three Hairs, in the lower Links, and more upwards, caft your Line as far as you can, letting your Fly fall on the Water gently, taking Care to let no Part of the Line fall on the Water with it, and be fure caft your Line down the Stream ; if the Sun happens to be before you, it will be of great Service. There are many other Flies which will be very fervice- able both for this, and feveral other Sorts of Fifh; the Names and Methods of making which, I have laid down before. The Time for taking Pike is in the Month of ylugnjl, they being then in their Prune: thefe are taken byTrowl- 'Directionsfor Fifhing. 267 ingj for which you muft have a Rod near n Foot long* and your Line ought to be 30 Yards long, which muft be Wound round your Reel j a leaded Hook with two Links of Wire fatten’d to it; a Ring fix’d to the Top of your Rod; a Landing Hook and Net, and a Staff at leaft: four Foot long to ferew either of them to, as you ttiall have Occafion to ufe: You fhould likewife have a Bag for your Fifh; and as MKchances often happen inTrowi- ing, you fhould have half a Dozen Hooks always with you. Thefe Things being all in Order, and you at the River- fide, which fhould be very early in the Morning, the next Thing is to make ready your Bait; which fhould be done thus; Fix your Wire into the Eye of your Fifh Needle, and put it into the Mouth of a Gudgeon, or for want of that, into the Mouth of a Dace, and bring it out at the Middle of the Tail; then let the Hook be fix’d on one Side, letting the Point be near his Eye; let his Mouth be ftrongly fewed up to keep the Hook immoveable ; run a fine Needle and Thread thro’ his Head, juft below his Eye ; then run it thro’ again below his Gills, and fo fatten it on the oppofite Side, which will prderve its Gills, and keep them from Damage $ let the Fin of the Tail be cut off and fattened to the Top of the Wire, that the Bait may lie fmooth upon the Hook; fatten it thus: Take a Needle and ftrongThread, and run thro’ the Tail of the Pifh on one Side of the Wire, and fo through again on the other Side of the Wire, and fatten it ; which done, mn it thro’ the Eye of the Wire, and again thro’ the Fifh’s Tail; then twift it round the Wire, and tie it not to flip. Now make a Loop at the End of your Line, and fatten a Swivel to it, and fo put it thro’ the Ring on ihe Top of your Rod ; your Bait being ready, hang it on your Swivel. Being thus prepared, obferve not to go too near the Side of the River, but keep off as far as poflible,and fo juft drop your Bait in down the Side of the Bank; if up Fifh lie there, let out more Line, and reach the other Side, minding to keep your Bait always in Motion, by pulling it to and fro. When you have thrown out your Ban four or five Times without Succefs, go to another Fkve ; and it a Fifh fhould take the Bait there, which you Wid eafily know by his giving a Hidden Twitch, don’t The Gentlemans Bed Guide. check him, but let him run, and give out what Line he will take ; for whenever he fazes your Bait, he runs to his Harbour to pouch it; fometimes, when they are not hungry, they will keep it between their Teeth near half an Hour; when he draws no more, you may rcafonably fuppofe him to have reached his Harbour ; fo you may lay down your Rod for about a Quarter of an Hour; then take it up again, and draw your Line very gently ; if you find he has hold of it, draw your Line a little more; but if he fhould pull, give Way; after a little Time, draw gently again till you fee him ; now if the Bait is crofs his Mouth, let him go ; but if not, then he has pouched it; fo give him a hidden Jerk, that the Hook may fatten in him ; But after all, if you can fee him run as foon as he has firft taken your Bait, then jerk him immediately; however, if the River is free from Stumps of Trees, &c, he may run fifteen or twenty Yards before you check him ; otherwife keep your Line tight to prevent his entangling it; which he will endeavour to do ; and if he does, ’tis a hundred to one but you lofe Fifh, Bait, and Part of your Line. But to proceed; when you think him tired, draw him to Shore, and take him out with your Landing-hook or Landing-net j be fure not to lift him out with your Line, for when they find themfelves out of the Water,, they will give a hidden hard Jerk, and furely break your Line and get away, notwithftanding you may think they are fo tired that they can hardly ttir. There is another Way to take Jack or Pike, called Snapping; for which you mutt have a ftrong Rod fixteen Foot long at leaft, with a Top to it made of Whalebone as thick as the biggett Part of your little Finger: You mutt likewife have a ftrong Line, tho* not quite fo long as your Rod ; at the End of which fix your Snap-hook ; which fhould be made thus ; Take two Salmon-Hooks, and about 14 Inches of Gimp, turn the Hooks back to back, and place the Gimp in the Middle; tie them toge- ther with a Piece of waxed Silk, fo that the Hooks cannot turn, nor the Gimp be drawn away ; then place a Perch- hook between the two Salmon Hooks towards the upper Parts of the Shanks, and fatten it with fine waxed Silk, about 1-8 Inches from the Bottom of your Line 5 put on 'DireEiions for Fifhing. a large Cork Float, and upon the Line as much Lead as will fink the Bait, and keep the Float upright : The beft Rait is a Gudgeon ; but for want of it, fmall Dace or Roach may ferve: Your Bait mud be fix’d on your fmall Hook, by running it under his back Finn; then lay in, 2nd let the Blit run down the Current; and if you fee your Float drawn under Water, you may imagine a Pike has taken it, lb that you mud give a ftvong Jerk to hook him; as foon as he is hooked, be fure to keep your ■Line always ftraight, otherwife he will get loofe; then draw him on Shore, if you have a convenient Place ; if not, make Ufe of your Landing Hook or Net ; and tho* he will make a great Struggling in the Water after he is hooked; yet if you keep your Line ftraight, you need not fear holding him. You muft remember in Snapping, that you never give a Fifh Time to tun as in Trowling, but hook and draw him out diredly. Although I have mentioned in this, and other Cafes the Ways to make divers Sorts of Fifhing Tackle, yet the' cafieft and beft Way would be to purchafe them at a Fifh- ing Tackle Shop j for as'they are Artifts, and in cpn- ftant Praftice, of courfe their Work muft be neater and- tighter than you can at firft pretend to make; however,, there are doubtlefs fome that are very curious that Way, and others willing to learn, for whofe Benefit I have chiefly mentioned them j becaufe, if they live at a Diftance Rom London, perchance they cannot get fome Sorts of- Tackle in any reafonable Time; fo that if he can make them himfelf, it will no doubt be a great Pleafure and Satisfaftion to him, and he may have many a Day’s Di~ Verfion in fine Weather for Fifhing, as he could not o- therwife have had for want only perhaps of a Hair-line, or fome fuch Thing. Carp ate in their Prime in 'June. The Directions for faking them are as follows; When you intend to angle for Carp in any Canal or Pond, plumb the Depth ; when you have found the deepeft Place, boil a Quart of white and a Quart of grey Peafe together into a Pudding ; then ‘ chop fome Worms among it, and throw it into the deep- eft Place on the Over-night; let the laft Link of your’ Line be Indian Weed, and your Bait a fine Garden Worm- 270 The Gentlemans Beft Guide. well fcourcd in Mofs, when you have fix’d him on your Hook fo as to hide Hook and Arming, juft dip it in Tar s Kow being at the Pond or River, be fine to keep from going too near the Sides, for they are a very fhy Fifh ; if they refufe the Worm, which you muft drop into the Place, letting it lie on the Bottom where you put your Ground-Bait in on the Over-Night * then take a common Roll, and fop it in Milk, where a little fine Loaf Sugar has been diflolved, and with your Hand work it into a Pafte ; this is a killing Bait. A Carp will nibble fome Time before he will fwallow the Bait, fo you muft have Patience; but when the Float is pulled three or four Inches under Water, then ftrike, (and as he is a leather-mouth’d Fifh, it is hard for him to break his Hold when he is once hooked) and keep him in Play without letting him run to his Harbour, leaft he entangles you ; as he is a ftrong Fifh, fo your Line and Rod muft be ftrong in Proportion* and the Times of Angling ftiould be very early in the Morning till about Eight o’clock, and after Six at Night, as long as you can fee. The Directions for taking Carp, will ferve al/b for Tench, bath as to giving Time to fwallow the Bait, the Hours for Angling, the Strength of the Line and Rod, and even the Bait itfelf * but as Tench delight chiefly in Worms, you fhould have a Number of feveral Sorts of them, as the Lob-worm, Marfh worm. Cad-worm, and Flag-worm; for if he retufes one, he may take another. If you angle in a River, Place where the Water is fmooth upon the Surface, for they delight in deep and filent Waters. Carp and Tench are likevvife taken with your Caftlng- Net; and if you bait your Pond as directed for Carp, and there is any Fifh in the Pond, you cannot poflibly mifs taking them, provided you draw your Net the Mo- ment it reaches the Bottom, for both Carp and Tench will immediately (Like into the Mud, and you will draw your Net over them, if you give them ever fo little Time after the Net is funk. Perch being a Fifh of Prey, the heft Bait for him is a Minnow, thro’ the back Finn of which you fhould run your Hook, and fo having a Float andjLead to poize ir. !et him fwim up and down about a Foot from the Bot- tom, in the Turning of the Water or Eddy ; and though he bites freely, you muft give him Time to pouch his Bait, for he is not a Leather-mouth’d Fifh ; the fame Tackle you ufe for Carp will ferve for thefe ; but as when you fifh in a River for Pearch, you may light of young Jack, it would not be amifs to have a good ftrong Silk Line, and the Hook armed with Wire. Early in the Morning, and late at Night (as for Carp and Tench) is the heft Time to angle for Perch and it will not be amifs to bait the Ground where you intend to filh over Night with Lob-worms chopt in Pieces. Barbel lie in a deep Water, at the End of a Current, or in a ftill Stream ; they are a leather-mouth’d Fifh, and cannot eaftly break their Hold whence once they are hook’d, and the beft Bait for them is a Lob-worm well fcower’d in Mofs ; they will bite early in the Morning. As they are a very large Fifh, and will ftruggle much, fb you fhould have a ftrong Rod and Line, with a Winch or Wheel, as directed for the Salmon Rod. You may like- wise ufe for your Bait the Spawn of a Salmon Trout, oc any other Filh, or green Gentles, or Bits of tough Chcefe laid a-fteep 24 Hours in clarified Honey ; and if you bait the Place where you intend to fifh a Night or two be- fore, you cannot fail of Sport if there be any Fifh, provi-; bed your Bait be Tweet and clean. Chub, (known by the Name of Chevin or Chav ender) are a ftrong unaftive Fifh, whofe chief Place of Refort are Bridges, Trees, Planks, &c. He is a fhy Fifh, tho" he bites freely j the beft Time to angle for him is in a Morning; in hot Weather on the Top of the Water, and in cold near the Bottom; and as to Bait, he will take all Sorts of Worms for Ground bait; but on the Surface of the Water, ufe a Moth, Wafp, Grafhopper, or Catterpil- lar; and hi Augujt and September ufe Paftes; let your Bait reach the Bottom, for he likes to rife at a Bait ra- ther than take it off the Bottom. jDirections for Fifliing. 271 Bream is a large flat Fifli, and it is a hard Matter to take them with a Line without baiting the Hole thus 5 a.Beck of Barley Malt grofs-ground, ftrain it through a Bag into a Tub, and when it is cold, take it to the Ri- The Gentlemans Beft Guide. ver about Nine at Night, fqueeze it hard, and throw it into *he Place where you would fifh. Get there very early, in the Morning, and drop your Bait, which fhould be a ftrong Worm fix’d on your Hook, in the Middle of your Ground-bait ;heis a fhy Fifh, and you will find fome Trouble in landing him ; when he bites he will throw lip your Float, and when it lies flat on the Water he Iras gorged the Bair, To that you muft then ftrike him gently, keeping your Line tight till you have drawn him out ; let your Float be of a middle Size, and your Lead about two Foot under Water : Or you may ufe for Bait Pafte made of brown Bread and Honey, young Wafps, green Flies, Grafhoppers, or Red-worms. Greyling and Umber fwim nimbly in the Middle of the Water } in April you may angle for him with a Fly or Grafhopper with the upper Wing pulled off, which he will freely ftrike at j otherwife, which is full as well, take a Cork Float sand your Bait, which fhould be a red Worm, or a Worm called the Jag-tail, which is of a pale fiefh- colour, with a yellow Jag on his Tail, and is to be found in Marley Grounds and Meadows in fair Weather, muft reach within two Foot of the Bottom, he being apt to rife at the Bait 5 i nMay you may ufe the Green-worm; in June the Bait that breeds under the Oak-bark ; in Ju- ly the Bait that breeds on the Fern-leaf ; and in Auguji, and after, the Red worm ; in fhort, they are taken after the fame Manner as you take Trout, especially with the Fly : As he is no Leather-mouth’d Fifh, fo he is eafily loft after he is ft ruck. Feounders are a fhy and wary Fifh, and very greedy; their ufual Place of Refort are the Sides of Sand-banks or ftrong Eddies, or in deep Waters where there is a gravel- ly Bottom, but particularly in a brackifh Stream, and may be fifhed for all Day long, in the Months of April, MAy, June, and July; the heft Way to angle for them, is to put fo much Lead upon your Lines, about ten Inches from your Hook, as will keep it fteady at bottom, fo as the Bait may have Liberty to be play’d about by the Wa- ter ; let your Float lie flat upon the Surface, and when it cocks up, and afterwards is drawn under, you may be fure you have a Bite j but don’t ftrike too quick, for he Will fuck the Worm for fome Time before he’ll (wallow if. Your Hook fhould be very finall, and all Sorts of Worms, Wafps, and Gentles, are good Baits. Mullets are a Fifh that are very flay, they Will rife at a Fly like a Trout; and they may be taken' with a‘ Worm under Water, provided you fifh within about two Foot of the bottom ; they are to be met with only irf thofe Rivers that run into the Sea, where they are thrown1 up by the flowing of the Tide. Smelts are in Seafon in March ; angle for them with a fingle Hair Line, and let your Bait be Gentles or whit® Pafle. 'Directions for FiHiing. Roach is a leather-mouth’d Fifh, fo that when once he is hooked he cannot get off! They frequent gentle Screams which are not fhallow ; angle for them about a Handful from the bottom, and let your Bait be either fmall white Snails, Bobs, Gentles, the young Brood of Wafps or Bees, the Cad-bait, or any Sort of Worms; and fometimes they will take Pafte very well; but towards the End of jiuguft ufe either Pafte, or the Ant Fly with the Wings entire j you muft always fifh within eight Inches of the bottom though you bait with Flies, for he will take Nothing on the Top of the Water. Run is a ffrong Fifh, and will ftruggle hard, he feeds near the Top of the Water, and may be taken with Red- Worms or Flies. Dace may be taken towards the Top of the Water With the Stone Caddis or May-fly, of which you may get what Quantity you will from the Reeds and Sedge by the W ater-fidc. When you fifh for them upon a Scour, ufe Gentles or Pafte in the Summer, but in the Winter ufe the white Worm with the red Head, which are found in new broken up Ground that is heathy or Tandy ; and When in the Deeps, foddcn Malt, Houfe Flies, C.iddice, the Grafhopper with his Legs pull’d off', or the finall Red- Worm ; and when he bites, ftrike nimbly; angle for him about half a Foot from the bottom, with a fingle Hair Ll>e. Early in the Morning and late at Night is the bdl Time to angle for Dace. * Dudgeons delight in fhallow Streams whofe bottom Ss Tandy or gravelly j they will j bite all Day long 5 fifh The Gentlemans Beft Guide. with a Eloat, and your Bait rauft lie on the Ground ; if you rake up the Gravel or Sand with a Rake, they will bite the freer and fafter; or for Want of Raking, throw in a little Gravel or Duft now and then : Let your B»it be a fmall Red-worm or Caddice, a fingle Hair Line with two Hooks to it, one a little above the other ; he feldom bites eagerly, but when once he is ftruck he can- not get loofe, being a leather-mouth’d Fifh. Bleak is a Fifh that is eafily taken on the Surface of the Water with a common Houfe Fly, great Numbers of which you may preferve in a Phial with a little Sugar • they will likew’ife take the Gentle, Caddice, or white Pafte, about two Foot under Water ; and in doing this, you may ufe a fingle Hair Line, with four or five fmall Hooks to it; the Hooks being placed two or three Inches above one another. Eels delight in ftill Waters with muddy bottoms, and in rotten Roots of old Trees, and are taken feveral Ways, but the heft Places to angle for them is in Mill-ponds, Wears, Bridges, great Falls, and the like, and thefaireft Way is to angle upon the Grabble for them with a Lob- worm, Minnow, or a Piece of raw powder’d Beef j they will fuck the Bait fome time before they fwallow it, fo you muff have Patience, and not be too eager in ftri- king. You may likewife take very large Eels by laying in Night-hooks, which are Lines with feveral Hooks fa- nned to them, and each Hook baited with different Baits, as fmall Roach, Hens Guts, young Lampries or Lam perns. Lob-worms, &c. Eel-Pouts are to be found lathe fame Place as Eels j the beft Time to angle for them is after Thunder, Light* sing, or heavy Rains ; and the propereft Bait is a Gud- geon, Pope or Ruff is to be met with in the deepeft Pla- ces of a gravelly River ; fifh for them at the bottom, with a fingle Hair Line, and three or four Hooks placed at a little Diftance from each other, letting your Bait be fweet Pafte, Red-worms. Gentles or Brandlings, Bob- worms or Maggots; he is a greedy Biter, and if you bait the Ground with frefh Earth, you will have excellent Di- Terfion, and take a great Quantity of them. cDlre6fions for Fifhing.* 275 Minnow, which is often ufed as a Bait for larger Filh, is taken about Mid-water, or at the Bottom, with a finall Float, a finall Hook, and a finall Red-worm, Wafp, or Cad-bait. Bull-head, or Miller’s Thumb, is to be met with in Holes, or among Stones in clear Water $ and is to be taken at any time with a finall Red-worm. Loach harbours chiefly in little clear fwift Brooks, Ri- vulets, and fharp Streams, and mull be angled for there With a finall Red-worm, with your Bait at the bottom, for he lives upon the Gravel. Stickleback is a finall Fifh, and only fifhed for to catch other Fifh: They will bite freely at the finall Red- worm called the Blood-worm. (Jan.) THE Country Gentle m a n’s BEST GUIDE, CHAP. 111. Containing a Complete Kalendar of all Work necejjary to he done in the Fruit, Flower,, and Kitchen - Gardens, Green House, &c. JdTith the Produce of each, in every Month throughout the whole Tear. BEFORE I begin, my Kahnckr, it will be necef- fary to caution all Gentlemen and Gardiners, al~ ways to keep their Borders, Walks &c. very neat and clean from Weeds j. to pick all dead or wither’d Leaves from Plants or Shrubs ; to dig up the Ground between their flowering Shrubs; to ftir the Surface of the Earth in their Pots and Tubs, keeping them clear from Weeds ; to keep clean their Green-Houfe, by brufhtng down all Dirt and Cobwebs ; for Nothing is more pleaflng to the Eyet nor more delightful or deftrable than to fee Neat- »efs kept UP tn every Part of a Garden. All which (Jan.) A Kalender of Gardening• Should be done in their proper Seatons, as the Months cc-mc round. January. FRUIT-GARDEN. Let all the Roots of your new-planted Trees be covered with Mulch, to prevent the Froft’s injuring.them, if it is not done already ; let your Fig-Trees be likewife covered with Mats, which will lave the young Shoots from the Froft, and caufe them to bear much more and tooner than othervvifc they would do. Cut all dead Branches off your Fruit-Trees, and mind it be done Hoping, and left fmooth. Should the Seaton prove warm, prune Dwarfs, and fuch like hardy Sorts of Fruits, as Apples, Pears, and Vines. Youfhould now cut your Grafts from early Fruits, and place them in the Earth under tome dry Wall. If the Seaton prove cold, cover them with Straw. Prepare thofe Borders as you defign next Month for Fruit-Trees, laying level in them frefh Earth, as it may fettle before you plant your Trees. Lay frefh Earth and well rotted Dung upon the borders of your Fruit-Trees ; but if the Trees are old, you muft mend your Border eight or ten Feet from the Tree, otherwife the young Roots which lie at that Diftance wtll receive no Nourilhment. Plant Rasberries and Straw- berries, and if you would have forward Fruits in forcing Frames, mind to keep up your Heat to the fame Tem- perament, whether it be done by Dung or Fire, other- wife when you have brought them to bloftom they will fall off and come to Nothing. The Fruits yet lajiing or in their Prime, are tbeje. Apples. Golden Pippin, French Pippin, Nonpareil- Wheeler’s RufTet, Golden Ruflet, Pile’s Ruflet, Kemifh Pippin, Harvey Apple, Aromatick Pippin, Holland Pip- pin, Monftrous Rennet, Winter Pearman, Aromatick ffuffet. Pear Ruffet, John Apple, and tome others of kfs Account j as alto Medlars, Almonds, Nuts and Ser- vices. And thefe Pears ; Virgoleufe, Ambrette, St. Germain, Epine d’Hyver, Colmar if well preferved, Sf. Auguftine, L'Effachcrie, Martin Sec, Winter JBeurre, Ci- The Gentleman s Beft Guide. (Jan.) tron d’Hyver, Winter Bon Chretien, Franc Real, Roufle- lette d’Hyver; and thefe for baking, The .black Pear of Worcefter, Pickering, and Englifh Warden. Flower.Garden, Green-House, &c. Strew fome loofe Straw over the Beds of Ranunculus, Hyacinth, and ■Anemonies, if tjie Weather proves fevere ; but if they are covered with Snow, don’t meddle with them till it begins to thaw, and then throw the Snow off as foon as you can, for Snow Water does them much Damage; and when they are come out of the Ground, arch them over with Hoops, and cover them with Matts. In Beds made only of fine fitted Earth, if the Weather is mild and open, plant Ranunculus, Anemony, and Tulip Roots. In the Middle of this Month take all the Earth you can from each Pot of your Auriculas, without diftuvbing the Root, and in its Stead put fine fitted frefh Earth mixed with fandy Loom and rotten Wood, prefilng it gently round the Roots, and take off the dead Leaves from them, pla- cing the Pots fo as the Froft may not nip them. And as all bulbous Roots, efpecially the Crocus, are apt to be deftroyed at this Seafon by Mice, you muff be mindful to guard againft them. As all Compoft fhould lie a Year before it is ufed, fo you fhould, in this Month, turn over the Heaps, and break the Clods, as it may mellow the better. Guard fine Carnations from fevere Fvofts, Snow, or Rain, but let them have as much Air as poffible in mild Weather. Single Wall Flowers, Helleborafter or Bear’s-foot. Winter Aconite, true black Hellebore, and likewife that with the green Flower, double and flngle Snow Drops, Angle Anemonies, blue and white Hyacinths, Stock July- flowers, Polyanthus’s, Gentianella, Early ftarry Hya- cinth, Winter Cyclamen, Laurus Tinus, Primrofes, Straw- berry-tree, Cornelian Cherry, and Tome others ; alfo fe- veral other Trees and Shrubs are now in Bloom, as Aloes of Several forts, J examines of feveral forts, and many Others* Plants, &c. noiu in Bloom, (Jan.) A Kalendar of Gardening- Kitchen-Garden. If we have any great Snow or Froft in the Courfe of the whole Year, it is commonly in this Month ; and it is obfervable, that the mod pier- cing Cold reigns chiefly at this Seafon 3 therefore what- ever is valuable in our Gardens muft now be taken care of, efpecially thofe Plants wnich are in hot Beds, by taking proper Methods to preferve them from the cold Air, co- vering them with Glaflcs a little before Sun-fet, with Litter and Matts. If you have any Cucumber or Melon Plants in your hot Beds, you muft be careful to give them Sun through the Glades at every Opportunity, the better to keep them from the Injuries they are apt to receive from the Steam of the Bed 3 for the Steam of the Dung rifing in a great Quantity at this Seafon, condenfes upon the tender Plants and rots them; but if too much cold Air be admitted, it will be equally as definitive to the Plants. You may prevent this injurious Steam, if you allow about fix or {even Inches Depth of Earth upon the Dung, and con- trive Frames of woollen Cloth to Aide in under the Glad- fes, which will receive the Steam that arifes in the Night, and may be drawn out and dry’d every Morning without any Damage to the Plants. You may likewife preferve the Heat of the Beds by putting hot Dung to their Sides every 15 or 20 Days. Sow Cucumber and Melon Seeds on the hot Beds eve. ry Week, left the firft Plants fhould be loft. Sow CrefTes, Muftavd, Rape, Radifh, Turnep, Lettice, and other forts of fmall fallad Herbs, to bring them for- ward, for at this Time thofc Seeds iwhich are fown in the natural Earth will not come on very faft, the Ground being cold ; and if the Froft fhould prove feyere, thofe in the open Air would fail. Plant Strawberries upon a moderate hot Bed, to make them bear Fruit betimes 3 but keep them not too tender. ’Tis now a proper Time to plant Mint in hot Beds* The Afparagus Beds, which were made laft Month, will now begin to have forae Buds appear, when you muft earth them to their full Thicknefs, which fhould be five or fix Inches at lead, and the Frames fhould be now put over them; but if you find the Heat of the Bed be- The Gentleman’.rßeft Guide. (Jan.) gins to decline, it will be neceflary to add foinc hot Dung round the Sides r This will renew the Heat of the Dung, and bring the Afparagus forward. Andyoufhould obferve likewife to cover the Glades with Mats and Straw every Night, and in bad Weather. Take particular Care of your Colliflower-plants which are under Frames, plucking off all decay’d Leaves from them, which would otherwife endanger the Plants, if the Weather will not permit the Glades to be opened every three or four Days to give them Air, You mull be fure to give the Plants as much Air as podible in mild Wea- ther ; for if they are drawn weak at this Seafon, they will not be able to redd the cool Air the next Month, when they fbould be planted out. If the Seafon proves mild about the latter End of the Month, you may tranfplant fome Cabbage-plants of the Sugar-loaf Kind, and you may fow the Ground with Spinnage before the Plants are Parfnips, Carrots, Cabbages, and Leeks, for Seed, obferving to hang up the Cabbages by their Stalks in fome dry Place three or four Days before they are planted, that the Water may drain out from between theft- Leaves. Thefe fhould be placed near a Hedge, Pale, or Wall, where they may be fhelteiM fromftrong Winds, which often break down their Branches of Seed in Summer. Sow Hotfpur Peafe, to fuccecd thofe Town In No- vember, Put frcfh Earth to your Sage, Thyme, and other fweet Herbs, taking care that their Roots are not diflurbed. If you have not put frefla Earth to your Strawberries in the proceeding Month, you mull not delay it any longer. Towards the latter End of this Month gather Cions for Grafts from good bearing Trees, and lay them half way in the Earth till grafting Seafon 5 or if they are to be Cent to a remote Place, flick their Ends in Clay, and bind them together with a dry Straw-band. If the Weather be frofty, bring into the Garden fuch Manures as are nccefTary to enrich the Ground. Jan.) A Kalendar of Gardening. Chardoons, Carrots, Parfhips, Beets of both forts. Po- tatoes, Skinets, Scorzonera, Turneps, Horfe-radifh,. O- nions, Garlick, Shallots, Racombole, Borecole, Cabbages, Savoys, Sprouts, Spinnage, Parflcy, Sorrel, Chervil", l.eeks. Thyme, Sage, Winter Marjoram, Clary, Sellery, young Lettuce, Mint, Crefles, Muftard, Radifh, Endive, and the Tops of Burnet. Products of the Kitchen Garden. FEBRUARY. Fk.uit-Gak.den. Prune your Fruit-trees, whether a- gainft Walls, Efpalters, or Standards, beginning fit ft with the hardieft. Open your Fig-trees if the Weather proves mild, to Jet in frefh Air, otherwise they will be apt to grow mouldy. Repair your Efpaliers, and fatten your Fruit-trees thereto. Work your Ground well, break the Clods, and then plant all forts of Fruit-trees, leaving the Heads of them on till they begin to put forth, and then skilfully cut them. If at the End of this Month the Wea- ther proves mild, you fhould begin to graft Cherries, Pears and Plumbs, and other Fruits that are hardy, being care- ful fo to clay them that the Wind may not enter the Graft. You fhould alfo fow .Stones and Kernels of hardy Fruits for Stocks to bud and graft the more generous Kinds on, minding to cover them fo that Vermin, efpeciafly Mice, may not get at them. Let your Fruit-trees be cleared from Mofs, which will now eafily rub off. Mind fo to attend your early Fruit or forcing Frames, as that they have Air, as the Seafon requires, and to keep up the Heat, or the tender Fruit will drop off and come to Nothing. The Fruits yet la fling, or in their Prime, are thefe. Apples. Kentifh Pippin, Rennit Grife, Stone Pippin, Aromatick Pippin, John Apple, Golden Rutter, Harvey Apple, Nonpareil, Pile’s RufTet, Golden Pippin, Whee- ler’s RufTet, Holland Pippin, Winter Pearmain, French Pippin ; and fome other Apples of lefs Account. And thefe Pears ; Citron d’Huyver, Portrail, Betty, de Caf- foy, Lord Cheyne's green Pear, Winter Bon Chretien, Winter Ruttelet, Bugi or Bergamot de Pafque ; and thefe The Gentleman s Beft Guide. for baking, Englifh Warden, Cadillac, black Pear of Worcefler, and the Union or Pickering. (Feb.) Flower Garden, Green House, &c. If you have done the Work ordered for laft Month, fow the Seeds of Auriculas upon fine light Earth in Tubs, raking it af- terwards level, and prefling it down with a Board ; then cover the Tubs with Mats or Nets, letting them have the Morning Sun till Jlpril, and then put them in a fhady Place, and often water them till they are come up. Up- on a fhady Border you may now fow, very fhallow, the Seeds of Polyanthus j and having mixed Anemony-feeds with dry Sand, let them be Towed on light Earth, and fift a little light Earth over them. If you would haveA- nemony and Ranunculus to blow late, you fhould now put them into the Ground in fome fhady Place. About the Middle of this Month put frefh Earth to thofe Carna- tions that were planted out in Autumn, and plant thofe choice ones out in Pots that are to flower, but mind not to take too much Earth from their Roots, and when done, place the Pots in a warm Situation; in bad Wea- ther arch them over and cover them with Mats. Prepare your Mould for your life the next Month, when you will have much Bufinefs on your Hands. All thofe forts of flowering Shrubs that will bear the Weather fhould now be tranfpbnted if the Weather be mild, fitch as Atheas, Syringa, Spireas, Lylac, Honyfiickles, Guilder Rofe, Jcfa- mine, Laburnam, Rofes, &c. Towards the End of this Month fow Pinks, Larkfpurs, Candy-tufts, Holyoaks, annual Stocks, Canterbury Bells, Sweet Williams, Primrofe-trees, and the fcarlet Lichnefs, if the Soil be light. Shift Myr- tles, paring off the outfide Films of their Roots, and prune the Tops of their Heads if there be Occafion. Head Orange-trees, and give them frefh Earth, and mind to apply foft Wax to the Wound you make. Make Layers of the following Shrubs, Laurus-tinus, Rofes, Phillarea, Jeflamines, and Honyfiickles ; ftir the Surface of the Ground of your Flower-beds, to clear them from Weeds and Mofs, If the Nights are frofty, you mud cover with Mats the Beds of your choice Ranunculus’s, Anemonies and Tulips. Now break up your Gravel- (Feb.) A Ralendar of Gardening. 283 walks and turn them, but do not let them be raked till the Middle of March, for by that Time they will be well fettled. Clean the Quarters of your Wildernefs, for the Flowers will now blow, and it will appear the more Aght- ly. Cut your Grafs Walks even by a Line, and dig and rake the Weeds and Mofs from the Water-tables on the fides of the Walks. Make hot Beds for your tender an- nual Flowers which fhould be brought forward in the Spring, fuch as Amaranthus’s, Amaranrhoides, Double ftriped Balfamine, Double flowering Stramonium, and the like: You fhould now plant fome Tuberofes on a hot Bed, and they will come early in the Spring. Plants, See. votu in Bloom. Snow-drops, chiefly that with the double Flowers, Hel- leborafter or BearVfoot, Hellebore of different Kinds, Winter Aconite, Spring Crocus’s of feveral forts, early white and blue Hyacinths, Spring Cyclamen, Perfian Iris, Angle Anemonies, great Snow Drops, (ingle Hepaticas, Angle Daffadils, ftarry Hyacinth, Angle Wall-flowers, fome double DaiAes, early Tulips, Stock Gllliflowers,Po- lianthus’s, Spring Cyclamen, Fennel.leav’d perennial A- donis, and fome others. There are feveral forts of Aloes, Jeflamines, and other hardy Trees and Shrubs alfo now in Bloom. Kitchen-Garden, This Month is commonly reck- oned the wetted in the whole Year ; and it is obferved, we have rarely any lading Froft begins in this Month. If the Weather proves mild, a great deal of BuAnefs is to be done in the Kitchen Garden ; which, if not done, will be of very ill Confequence, for mod of the principal Crops being to be Town or planted, do feldom fucceed fo well if done later in the Year, efpecially upon dry Land. About the Middle of this Month fow Beans, Peafe, Spi- nage, Parfley, Turnips, Carrots, Parfnips, Onions, Scor- zonera, Leeks, Dutch brown Lettuce, and Radifhes. It is a much better Way to fow three or four Times of each fort, about ten Days Diftance from each other, that there may be a Continuation of them, than to truft to one The Gentleman's Befl: Guide. (Feb.) fowing ; for if the firft or fecond fhould mifcarry, the other may fucceed. Sow Salfafy, Beets, Skirrets, and Corn-fallad, with moil other hardy Plants. Thefe are beft Town in feparate Beds, and afterwards thinn’d to a proper Diftance. Plant Garlick, Shallots, Rocambole and Gives, in light Ground, for Increafe. Set Potatoes, and Jerufalem Artichoaks, about fix or eight Inches deep in the Ground. Sow Afparagus-feeds in the natural Ground, Sow Tome dwarf Batterfea Kidney-beans upon a mode- rate hot Bed,obferving when the Plants are come up to give them Air whenever the Weather will permit j and raife fome Purflain upon hot Beds. It will be now Time to tranfplant the Cucumber and Melon Plants that were raifed laft Month ; therefore you muft renew the Heat of your Hot-beds with frefh Dung, and continue to fow Cucumbers and Melons every eight or ten Days, for- Fear of Danger from the Weather. Towards the latter End of this Month begin to graft Apples, Pears, and Cherries. Make new Beds for Afparagus to fucceed thofe made in the Lift Month, one of thefe Beds feldom continuing above a Fortnight in good Order. Now likewife make Hot-beds for all forts of annual Seeds, except African and French Marigolds, which may remain unfown till the next Month. If the Weather proves favourable towards the latter End of this Month, you muft plant your Cofs^Si/ej?at and Imperial Lettuces from the Beds they grew in in the Winter. It would be proper to fow fome Seeds of thefe forts on a fpot of good Ground, that you may have a Crop after the Winter Lettuces are gone. If you have a Mind for forward Radi Hies and fpring Carrots, make a large Hot-bed, and fow them together, for the Radifhes will be quite gone before the Carrots begin to fwel). You muft make this Bed about eight Inches deep with Earth, and cover’d with Mats; for Frames and Glafles would draw the Carrots too much into Leaf. Sow feme Collifiower-feeds towards the Middle of the Mouth upon fome declining Hot-beds. (Feb.) A Kalendar of Gardening. Make Plantations of Strawberries, Rasberries, Goofc- berries, Currants, and Rofes. You may yet plant Figs and Vines, JelTamines, and Honyfuckles, Produfts of the'Kitchen-Garden. Cabbages, Savoys, Borecole, Broccoli, Carrots, Par- snips, Turneps, Beets, Skirrets, Salfafy, Scorzonera, Spi- nage, Coleworts, ferujalejn Artichoaks, Potatoes j and in Some Beds there are Radifbes which were Sown in Autumn. Sallads Herbs are, Lettuce, Crefles, Coriander, blanch’d Dandelion, Turnip, Rape, Radifla andMuftard, alfo Endive and Sellery. MARCH. Fruit-Garden. Finilh pruning all forts of tender Fruit-trees, as Neffarines, Peaches, and Apricocks, for if the Seafon has been mild, the Buds will be fo forward as to be in great Danger of being rubbed off in the nail- ing up the Branches ; this Being done, dig the Ground round the Roots, which will loofen it and deftroy the Weeds. If the Weather proves very (harp, and the Nights very frofty, when your Trees are in bloom, you fhould cover them with Mats, Canvas, or fome other Covering, but be fure to take it off again as foon as ever the Wea- ther breaks. And if the Seafon proves very dry, fprin- kle fome Water gently over the Branches of your Fruit- trees, which will very much ftrengthen the Bloflbms,and bring forward the Fruit. Continue to tranfplant Fruit- trees upon a moift Soil. Now is your Time for grafting almoft all forts of Fruit-trees, beginning with the early Kinds, and ending with Apples. Let the Heads of thofe Stocks that were innoculated laft Summer be cut off, lea- v>ng,toattraff the Sap, about 4 Inches above the Bud ;and dig the Ground between the Trees to loofen it and bury the Weeds, for the Roots of the Plant to find Nouriih*- tnent. Clear from Weeds, and put frefh Earth to your Strawberry-beds ; and let the Ground between your Raf- berries be dug to clean and loofen it, that the Roots may the better penetrate. Head down to 3 or 4 Eyes -the >The Gentleman’s Beft Guide.( ('March.) Fruit-trees you planted laft Autumn, minding not to di- fturb the Roots ; which you ftrould prevent thus : Place your Foot clofe to the Stem, and hold the lower part of the Tree faft with your left Hand, fo with a lharp Knife in your right Hand cut off the Head } then cover the Ground with fome Green-fward, turning the Grafs down- ward, which will prevent the Sun or Winds penetrating to their Roots, which has often been the Deftruftion of Trees new planted. Shorten to four or five Eyes thofc Trees that were grafted the former Spring and ftill re- main in the Narfery, otherwife they will grow up tall and have no lateral Branches near the Ground. Clear and dig up the Ground between your Currants and Goof- berries, for it will encourage the Trees, and ftrengthen their Bloom. The Fruits yet laJHng, or in their Prime, are theje. Apples. Kentifh-pippin, Loan’s Pearmain, Holland- pippin. Nonpareil, French-pippin, Golden RufTet, Pom- me d’Api, Pile’s RufTet, Stone-pippin, Wheeler’s RufTet, John Apple, and Tome other Apples of lefs Account. And thefe Pears ; Bery de Chaumomclle, Burgaraot Bugi, I’Amozelle, Sr. Martial, Double-fleur Royal d’Hyver, Winter Bonchretien j and thefe for baking, ParkinfojTs Warden, the Cadillac, and the Union or Pickering. Flower-Garden, Green-House, &c. You may now fbw Poppies ; ftn'p and tranfplanc all forts of fibrous Rooted Plants as are not flowering, fuch as Holyoaks, Gentianelli, Pinks, Thrift, Garden Rods, Canterbury- bells, Peach-leaved Bell-flower, French Honyfuckles, perennial Sun flowers, double white Rockets, Afters of all forts, fcarlet Lichnefs, Monk’s-hood, Cardinal-flower. Sweet Williams, Rofe-cbampions, Sea-pinks, double Wall- flowers, Daizies, Buphthalmums, Lucanthemums, Colum- bines, and Hieraciums. Let the Seeds of your Stock July-flowers be now Town; flip and fet Box for Edging and Figure Work, taking up no more at a Time than you can plant in a Day. Guard your Tulips, Hyacinths, Anemonies, and Ranuculus’s ffon* Blights, making a Frame of Hoops, and covering (March.) A Kalendar of Gardening. , o If with Mats or Canvas. Repair your Places of Shelter j blowing Auriculus’s, and at the End of this Month P*ace them in Order ; let your Shelves or Places of Shel- t[r face the Eaft; let them be defended on all fides againft Sun, and let them have a Covering of Canvas to *eeP them from the Wet. Tranfplant flich of your Car- nation Layers for blowing, as were not planted out in Autumn, at the Beginning of this Month : The Earth *or diefe Flowers fhould be two Thirds of Tandy Loam, one Third of Mellon Earth or rotten Wood, and it mould be at leaftlaid by for two Years before it be made ll'e of Now upon hot Beds Tow thofe exotick Seeds mac are lefs tender, and which come much fooner to Pcrfe&ion than thofe which you were dire ft ed to fovv in die laft Month, as the little Blue, the China or Indian female Balfamine, Love-apple, Convolvulus major, french and African Marygolds, Capficums, Stramoniums, mdian-pink, Sweet-fultan, and Nafturhum Indicum. Where there are no Hot-beds, yon mutt defer Towing the Nafturtium Indicum, Marvel of Peru, and French and African Marygolds, till next Month, when, if you place diem under a warm Wall they will come up in natural Ground. Be fpeedy in Towing the Seeds of your humble and fenfitive Plants upon Hots-beds, keeping them under Glafles. You may now Tow in natural Ground the wild pitting Cucumber, and the Noli me tangere. As the crh>ef Excellency of the Plant Campanula pyramidalis con- rfts in its Talinefs, To you fhould now give them frefti frarth, put them in Pots and fee them in Pits where the bun can come at them, which will occafion their thriving to your Wifh. You fhould now Tow their Seeds, and fake Slips from their Roots. In Pots of frefli Earth you mould how plant your Tuberofes, giving them a gentle Neat, but no Water till they fprout j fow the Seeds and tranfplant the Arbor Judae. Upon the white Englifb fort Jeflamine now graft the Spantjh. If you now plant ar)d make Layers of the Paftion-tree in moift places, it Will make it bear Fruit. Such exotick Plants as have fuf- jered in the Confcrvatory, fhould now be put into Hot- beds. Tranfplant and prune the Roots 3 fhorten the ■branches, and give frefti Earth to the Amonium Plinii, \The Gentlemans Bed Guide.> (March.) or Winter Cherry * fet them in the Shade of your Green- lioufe, for they are now hard and will bear the Air, and if thej have Water enough, when they are fet abroad, they will bear great plenty of Fruit. Let not your O- range or Lemon-trees want Water, given them a little at a Time and often, and let them have Air by Degrees. At the End of this Month, if the Seafon be mild, tranf- plant your Phillarea, Hollies, Alaturnus’s, Laurels, Bays, Lautuftinus’s, Yews, and other Ever-greens j and fow the Seeds of your ever-green Privet. Take care to wa- ter your Tubs or Cafes of Auriculas-feeds; and in a warm Day give a Itttle Water to your mod fucculent Ficoides, At the End of this Month you may fow, in the borders of your Pleafure Garden, the Seeds of all Hardy annual Flowers, as Flos Adonis, Venus Navel-wort, Venus Looking-glafs, Tangier Peas, fweet-fcented Peas, Lobel’s Catchfly, Dwarf annual Stock, Dwarf Lychnis, Candy Turf, Oriental Mallow, Kermia Veficaria, LavateraV, Convolvulus minor, fowing them thin as they may re- main, for they will not anfwer tranfplanting. To fupply the Borders of your Flower-Garden the following Year, you may now fow the Seeds of many Kinds of biennial and perennial Plants in your Flower Nurfery, as Canter- bury-bells, French Honyfuckles, Columbines, Wall-flow- ers, Stock July flowers, and Sweet Williams. You may now fow your choice Carnation and Pink-feeds, minding not to bury them too deep in the Ground, and place your Pots fo as that they may have the Morning Sun, Now you may fow tire Seeds of Firs, Pines, Bays, Cedars, A- laturnus’s, Arbatus’s, Philareas, and other Ever-greens, in fuch Places as they may have only the Morning Sun. In your Green-Houfe be now mindful to water your Trees a little at a Time, as your Oranges, Bays, Myrtles, &c, and inure them to the Air by Degrees. Large Snow-drops, Double Snow drops, Anemonies double and Angle, Crocus’s of various forts. Hyacinths of feveral forts, Junquils, Iris of feveral Kinds, many forts of Narcifliis’s, forae of the precope Tulips, Violets, Daisies, Double Plkwort, Daffadil, Wall-flowers, Spring Plants, &c. now in Bloom. (March.) Cyclamen, early Tulips, Stock July-flowers, Crown Im- perials, Fennel-leav’d perennial Adonis, Hepatica’s of the double forts. Dens caninus, Allyfon, perennial Fumitory, fome forts of Fritinus, Primrofes, Polianthus’s, Mufcari, fomc others. There are alfo feveral other Trees and Shrubs now in bloom, as the Almond, Apricot, Peach, Arbor Judae, Cherry plum, Cornelian Cherry, Lauruf- tinus, feme Oranges, A Kalendar of Gardening. Kitchen-Garden. The Showers which fall generally lr> this Month damage filch tender Plants asfbnd abroad j fo that you mud be very careful to fheltcr your Trees and Plants from the Injuries of the Weather. Continue to fbw all forts of Sallad Herbs, as Crefles, Muftard, Rape, Radifh, &c. upon warm borders until the latter End of this Month, when they will be able ta endure the open Air. Tranfplant your large Kind of Lettuce-plants, which have Rood in warm Beds a Winter, into a more open Expofure. You mull alfo low fome Seeds of Silejia, Cos, Imperial, and other Lettuces, in an open rich fpot of Ground, to fucceed thofe fow’d laft Month ; as alfo fome Endive, to come early in the Summer, Sow Peafe and Beans. Slip and plant Mint, Parragon, Penniroyal, Camo- mile, Baum, Savory, Tanzey, Rofemary, Hyllbp, La- vender, Cotton, Spike, Rue, Wormwood, Southernwood, &c. which are now beginning to (hoot, and will take Root better than at any other Time of the Year. Sow Cabbages, Savoys, and Red-cabbages, if you have Rot already done it, for Winter Ufe. Plant out Colliflower. plants to (liccecd thofe taifed in Autumn. Sow Beets, Leeks, Spinage, Chervil, Fennel, Dill, burner, and Sorrel. You muft obferve to fbw Endive very thin, or elfe it 'Vil! run to Seed. Sow Chardones, in order to tranfplant next Month. Tranfplam Lettuce for Cabbaging, and to (land for Seed. The Gentlemans Befi Guide. (March) Towards the End of this Month fow Nafturtium, Pur- ilnne, French and African Marigolds, upon the Hot beds. Sow Scorzonera, Salfafy, and Skirrets. Towards the middle of this Month you may drefs your Afparagus-beds. Towards the latter End you may make new Afparagus- beds, if the Ground be dry j but if it proves wet, it will be better to delay it till the beginning of next Month, ProduEis of the Kitchen Garden. Spinnage, Cabbages, and Savoys, Sprouts and white Beet-leaves, Turneps, Parfnips, Skirrets, Patatoes, Scor- sonera, Broccoli, Coleworts, Borecole, Red-beets, Chard- beets, Jcrufalem Arrichoaks, Sellery, Endive, find- all ibrts of young Sallad Herbs; alfo Afparagus, Cucumbers, Peafe, Kidney-beans, Purflain, Mint, Tarragon, Tanfey and Clary, Sage, Parfley, and Marigolds. APRIL. Fruit-Garden. If theSeafbn is backward, you may at the beginning of this Month graft fome late Kinds of Fruit. Be careful of and mind to water your young Fruit trees ; and if you perceive their Leaves beginning to curl up, you may water them all over, provided it be not done in the Heat of the Hay, nor too late in the E- vening. As thofe Fruit trees which were inoculated laft Year will now begin to fhoot, you fhould be fpeedy in cutting down the Stocks to three or four Inches above the Bud. At the End of this Month look over your Walls andEfpalicrs of Fruit-trees* training in thofe kind- ly {hoots that are regular, and difplace all thofe that are foreright and luxuriant. Where your Apricots are too thick, they fhould now be thinned, and thofe left on will thrive the better. In thofe places where your Cut- tings of Vines are to remain, you may now plant them, kmng a Knot of the old Wood be to each Plant, and burying them in the Ground in fuch a manner as that the upermoft Eye be even with the Surface of the Earth. Hub off all fmall dangling fhoots from your Vines againft ,ihe Walls, this being the Time they begin to fhoot out. (April:) Wecd your Strawberry-beds, and if the Seafon is very «ry, be careful to water them. Clean and weed your borders near your Fruit-trees, and if you have a Vine- yard, do the fame between your Rows of Vines, and the Stakes to them, letting the Branches be fattened thereto. About the middle of this Month you muft un- cover by Degrees thofe Fig-trees that were covered in the Winter. Sprinkle Water frequently over the Branches °f your Fruits in the forcing Frame, letting them have f'cfh Air in proportion to the Heat of the Weather 5 and they are on a dry Soil, let their Roots be now and then watered. AKalender of Gardening* The Fruit syet lajiing, or in their Prime, are theje, Apples. Stone-pippin. Pile’s Ruflet, John Apple, Golden Ruffet, Wheeler’s Ruflet, and other Apples of fefs Account. In the forcing Frames, fome Plumbs, Chen •ies, and mafeuline Apricots, with Strawberries ori the And thefe Pears j Carmelite, Franc- teal, Betty de Chaumontelle, Burgamot-bugi, Lord Che- *ey's Winter-green, St. Martial. And thefe for baking j £ngli{h Warden, Cadillac, and Parkinfon's Warden, Flower-GaudeNj Green-House, <£r. Sow Scar- kt-beans, Columbines, Scabicus, Marigolds, Gnaphalium, and Cyanus ; as alio Pine and Fir-feeds, covering them 'J'ith Nets fo as to prevent the Birds getting at them. All hbrous rooted Plants fhould be now parted and fcr. Tranfplant moft forts of Ever-greens, efpecially if it be cloudy, and Rain is foon expc&ed ; but as large Hollies lave but few Roots to bold the Earth together, fo you mould put them in Baskets, which fhould be put in the pround with them. Yews will hold the Earth together better than Hollies, and therefore you need not ufe Bafi. «ets to them. Cut Philarea’s, Alaturnus’s, Laurels, &c, clofe to their Stems, if out of Form, and when they hoot, train them to the Order you defire. To forward }’our young feedling Oranges and Lemons, and thofe ptner e*otick Plants now come up, make frefh Hot-beds u t0 ti'anfplant them in from the firft Hot-bed. You lQay r'ow traufplaut fomc of your Amaramhus’s, Trico- .The Gentlemans Beft Guide.i (April.) lar, Amaranthoides, double ftriped Balfrmines, and Cocks- combs, giving them frefh Beds, If you have carefully watered your Auricula-feed, they will begin to appear above the Ground about the beginning of this Month : Keep your Cafes of them in the fhade till Attgufi, and then plant them out } but you muft: take great care to water them if they are not come up, for the young Plants foon wither. Now water your Torch-Thiftles, Euphorbiums, Sedums, Aloes, and other tender fuccu- ient Plants, in very fmall Quantities, and begin to expofethem to the Air by Degrees. If the Winds are not violent, you may now open the Windows of your Oran- geries from Morning till Night. Stick up your Carnations, and level and roll your Gravel Walks that were broke tip and turned laft Month : After Rain, clip your Edg- ings of Box j alfo rake over and renew, if there be Oc- callon, your Walks of Cockle-fhells, and Works in Sand; cut the Edges of your Grafs, and mow often your Grafs- Plats, Walks, fyc. for it now grows apace : You fhould likewifc flake up all Plants and Flowers, for the Winds will damage them if they are got to any Height. As People now begin to walk out, fo the Gardiner’s Care muft be to keep his Garden in general very neat. Mind to deftroy Weeds e’re their Seeds get ripe. Your Auri- culas are now in their beautiful full bloom 5 they fhould be refrefhed with moderate Waterings once in three Days, keeping the Sun and Rain from them. Sow fuch annual hardy Flowers in your Borders as require no ar- tificial Heat to bring them forward, and they will thrive better than if you were to tranfplant them ; they fhould be fown thin in patches on the borders of your Plea- fure-Gardcn ; and if you thin them when they ate come up, they will be'the uronger j the Flowers I mean are thefe. Oriental Mallow, Flos Adonis, Lavatera, Nafter- tium Indicura, Venus Navelwort, Convolvulus minor. Dwarf Lychnis, Lobel’s Catchfty, fweet Peak, Tangier, Peafe, Lupines of divers forts. Candy Turf, Venus Looking-glafs, and others. You may now fow moft forts of hardy perennial and biennial Plants in your Flow- er Nurfery as were not Town laft Month, and are de- fined to fupply the borders of your Pkafurc-Gnrden, (April.) A Kalendar of Gardenings Which are thefe, Stock July-Bowers, Wall-flowery, Ho lyoaks, French Honey-(tickles, fweet Williams, Carna- tions, Columbines, Pinks, Canterbury-bells, and others. At the End of this Month take up the Roots of Colch*- cnms. Saffron, and fuch other bulbous rooted Flowers as felow at Michaelmas, whole Leaves are now decay’d • keep them out till July, when- they fhould be again plaiv ted. . Double Anemonies, double Daizies, Ranunculus of va- rious Kinds, Double Hepaticas, Auriculus’s in their beau- tiful Flower, Polyanthus’s, Narciflus of feveral Kinds, Tulips towards the End of the Month, Crown Imperials, double Jonquils, Hyacinths of divers forts, Violets, Daf- fadils j feveral forts of Iris and Fritillaries, Mufcaria's great Snow-drops, Dwarf-flag, Cyclamen of feveral kinds, fpring Colchiums, Stock July-flowers, Pulfatilkfs, bulbous Fumitory, Angle Paeonies, double Lady Vfmock, double Violets yet remain, LinanVs, Dens Cams, ..double Pile- Wort, double Calthapakiftris, Gentianella, large green- flower’d Ornithogaliim, Coliimbines, double Saxifrage, Perfian Lilly, Lichnis, Venetian Vetch, Borragc leav’d Verbafcum, Alyflbn creticnm, blue flower’d perennial Moth-mullain, &c. There are likewife many Trees and Shrubs now in bloom, as the Perfian Jeflamine, Lylac, Arbor Judae, Laburnam, double flowering Peach-tree, Angle bloflbm’d Almonds, Viburnum, Cockfpur, Haw- thorn, Honcyfiickles, yellow Jeflamine, Lauruftinus, feorpion Senna j with fome. Pears, Cherries, Apricots, and others. Plants, See. now in Bloom. Kitchen-Garden. In this Month the Weather is commonly unfettled, the Nights frequently frofty, atten- ded with blighting Winds therefore a Gardiner cannot be to careful of the tender Sprouts of Plants and young knit Fruit. Continue to hough your Crops of Carrots, Parfnips, RadifheSj Onions, Leeks, &c. thinning them out to pro- Per Diftances. Plant Kidney-beans the beginning of this Month in dry The Gentleman’s Bcft Guide. (April.) Weather (for Wet will dedroy the Seed in the Ground) and light Soil, in Lines about three Inches apart. Plant alfo Garden-beans to fucceed other Crops, and fow Rouncival and other large forts of Peafe, to fucceed thofe fown in the former Month. It is the bed Time in the whole Year to plant Slips or Cuttings of Sage, Rue, Rofemary, Savory, Lavender, Maftick, Staechas, &c. in moift Weather. It is not dill too late to fow Thyme, fweet Marjoram, dimmer Savory, becaufe they do not fucceed fo well if they are Town too early. Sow all forts of Sallad Herbs in your Borders, fitch as Rape, Radifb, Mudard, Turnip, &c. every Week ; for at this Time they will be foon too large for Ufe. Ob- ferve to fow them in a fhady place, if the Heat increafes. Sow Spinage in fome moift place for the laft Time. Sow all forts of Cabbage Lettuce in a moift foil, to fucceed thofe fown in the former Month. Tranfplant, Sileda, Cos, and other large Kind of Let- tuces, which were fown laft Month. Sow Turnips on a moift Soil, to fucceed thofe fown laft Month. Take care to weed your Beds of Mint, Parfley, Tar- ragon, &c. for if the Weeds get a-head, they will weaken and fpoil them. It is a proper Time now to plant the Cuttings of Tar- ragon, Mint, &c. and to make new Beds, fora Bed will feldom laft above two or three Years. Now fow Spani/h Chardones in the natural Ground for afecondCrop; put four or five Seeds in each Hole, at a- bout five or fix Foot Diftance, and when they are come up, leave only one drong Plant growing in a Hole for blanching. Sow Sellery upon the natural Ground, or upon fbmc decay’d Hot-bed, to fucceed thofe fown lad Month. Sow likewife Purflaneupon the natural Ground. Sow fome Seeds of the Nadertium Indicum upon Hot- beds. Transplant young Sellery-plants into Beds of rich foil,, at about three Inches Diftance, obferving to water them regularly until they have taken Root. (April.) A Kalendar of Gardening. 295 You may yet flip and plant Artichoaks upon a moiff *oil, otherwife they will not do fo well as thole planted the laft Month. About the latter End of this Month you fliould look over your Artichokes, and draw out all the young Plants which have been produced liuce the Stocks were flipt, otherwife they will rob the Plants that are left for Fruit, and make the Fruit fmall. Now plant out your Colllflower-plants that were raifed in February, for a latter Crop. You mull be careful to cover the Glades over your ear- ly Cucumbers and Melons, if the Nights are cold * for the young Fruit is very apt to fall off where the Buds are grown cool. Produffs of the Kitchen-Garden. Sprouts of Cabbages, Broccoli, and Savoys, all forts- of young fallad Herbs, as Dutch brown Lettuce, Crefles, Radifh, Turneps, Spinnage, Muftard, Burnet, Tarragon, Onions, Scallions, Purflane, and Leeks, PaiTnips, young Carrots, and Afparagus. About the latter End of the' Month, Kidney-beans, Peafc, and Cucumbers j as alfo green Goosbcrries. M A r. Fruit-Garden. Look over your Wall and Efpalie?- trees at the beginning of this Month, carefully difplacing fore-right Shoots, or fuch as are luxuriant or ill placed, and train regularly to the Walls or Efpalicrs all fuch kindly Branches as you would preferve, which will ftrengthen your Fruit-branches, and admit the Sun and Air to the Fruit. Thin Apricots and Peaches at the beginning of this Month, obferving not to be over covetous in letting. too- many remain on, which certainly, fpoils the Trees- bearing the next Year ; and in thinning thcfe Fruit, you fhould obferve never to let two or more grow together* for let them always grow Angle, and they will not only ke the larger, but' the better flavoured. Train the Bran- ches of your Vines dole to the Wall in a regular manner, and Hop fob Shoots as have Fruit on them at the fccond The Gentlmaris Beft Guide. (May.j or third Joint beyond the Fruit ; but obferve that thofc Shoots which are deligned to bear next Year, muft not be flopped till next Month, Rub off all weak training Bran- ches clofe to the Places from whence they are produc’d, and if you mind fo to do, you need never diveft the Shoots of their Leaves to admit the Sun to the Fruit. If the .Weather proves moift, you muft be careful every Mor- ning and Evening, or after a warm flrower, to look after Snails, thole being the Times of their coming out of their Harbours ; they are great Enemies to Fruit. Refrefh and water, fhould the Seafon prove dry,all thofe Trees which Lave been lately planted, jetting their Branches be fprink- kd all over to wafh off all Dirth and Filth. You fhould be now careful to keep the Borders about your Fruit-trees clear from Weeds and ftrong growing Plants, which ex- liauft the Gopdnefs of the Soil, and thereby prejudice the .Trees. In the middle of this Month look over the Grapes in your Vineyard; difplace all dangling Shoots; flop thofe which have Fruit on them, and fallen them to the flakes, which will prevent their being broke by the Wind j but mind to let thofe Shoots you defign for next Year's bear- ing be trained up to the flakes, and not flopped till next Month ; Keep the Ground between the Rows of Vines in your Vineyards very free from Weeds, &c. for they ve- ry much prejudice the Vines. About the End of this Month let the Clay be broke off from fuch Trees as were grafted in the Spring; which done, loofen their Bandage, otherwife they are often apt to break off where they are pinched with the Bafs. The Fruits yet lofting) or in their Prime, are theje. Apples. Pile’s Ruflet, Pomme d’Api, Oaken pin, John Apple, Winter Ruflet, Golden Ruflet, Stone-pippin, and oftentimes the Golden pippin and Nonpareil, and ibme other Apples of lefs Account. And thefe Pears j Ber- gamot de Pague, I’Amozelle or Lord Cheney's Green, Bery du Chaumontelle, Parkinfon’s Warden, and fome- timcs the Cadillac. With thefe Cherries ; the May and May Duke • and in a warm foil you have Goofcberries and Currants for Pies, Tarts, &c. and fome fcarlet Straw- berries ; and in the forcing Frame you have Nutmefj peaches, mafculine Apricots, and other early Fruits. A Kalendar of Gardening- Flower-Garden, Green-House, Let the Leaves' ar>d Flower-ftems of Crocus, and other bulbous rooted Flowers that have done blowing, be cut down j except )’ou defign fome of them flhould ftand for Seed, which indeed I would advife every Perfonto, and that he would have Nurferies of Seedlings of every Flower, becaufe f'om fuch Seminaries we may expert numberlefs Varies Mind to gather your Anemony-feed as it ripens* for the leaft Air carries it away. Take up your choice Hyacinth Roots that are paft flowering, laying them ho- rizontally in a Bed of Earth to ripen, and leaving their Leaves and Stems out of the Ground to decay. About the toth fow your choice Carnation-feeds in Earth made of frefh Tandy Loam well fifeed. Choice Tulips, Ranun- culus’s, Anemonies,. and other curious Flowers now blowing, muft be fhaded from the mid-day Sun, and de- fended from the Rains, or you will not have them long,, in Flower ; and as fbon as the Tulips have done blow- ing let their Seed-pods be broke off, and the Roots will gather ftrength. Let the fpindles of your Carnations be> bow tied up and diverted of all fide-pods, which Will prevent their being broke by the Wind or other Accidents. Take up the Roots of Saffron, whole Leaver are decayed by this Time, and fpread them on Mats to dry ; which done, put them in Bags till July, and then plant thorn again ; but be mindful that the Vermin, es- pecially Rats and Mice, do not get at them. Sow thefc Dwarf annual Flowers on the borders of the Flower- Garden, where they are to remain, ‘viz. Venus Looking Glafs, Candy Turfs, Dwarf Annual-ftock, Venus Nave!- Wort, Dwarf Lichnis, Lobel’s Catchfly, Convolvulus ’Binor, Snails and Cattetpillars, with many other Kinds j Ist them be frequently watered if it prove a dry Seafon,, till they come up. As the Weeds in the Borders of your Flower-Garden will be hard to extirpate if they be per- muted to grow after this Seafon, To you muft be careful >n clearing them away ; plant the feveral Kinds of Lu- pine, Tangier-peafe. Tweet Teemed Psafe, the large Coa- 298 The Gentlemmi>Bcft Guide. (May.) volvulus, and feeds of the Indian Nafturtium, Let fuch biennial and perennial Flowers as you fowed in your rlower-Nuvfevy in March and yfpril, be now tranfplanted into frefh Beds in the Nurfery, where they muft remain till the End of duguft or Beginning of September, and then remove them into the Borders of your Flower- Garden, fuch as the French Honifuckles, Pinks, Canter- bury Bells, Columbines, Tweet Williams, and others. If the Weather be gentle and fettled, you may, about the middle of this Month, bring your Orange and Lemon Trees out of the Confervatory; which done, clean their Leaves from Duft, unlefs a gentle fhower fhould fave you the Trouble j put frefli Earth on the furface of the Pots or Cafes, and let them be well watered, minding at the fame Time that the Sun does not fhine too hot on your Orange-trees, which will turn their Leaves yel- low. Make Cuttings of Sedums and Ficoides, letting thofc that are very fucculent lie a Day or fo in the Sun after you have cut them from the Plants, which will dry the wounded parts; then plant them in an open Border, to be potted after they have taken Root, which will be in lefs than two Months. If you will now plant the Cuttings of Arabian Jeflamiae, they will eafily take root f plant alfo the Cuttings of Geraniums, and fuch other like exotick fhrubs, in open Borders, and they will take root better than in Pots. Let a frefh Hot-bed be made for your Amaranthus’s, doable ftriped Balfamine, and other tender exotick Annuals; let them be put into large Pots «f frefh Earth, and placed upon the Hot-beds, filling the Imcrftices up with Earth y they will be beautiful and ftrong if you take care of them at this Seafon. Remove your Auricula’s, which are now paft flowering, into fome fafe fhady Situation. Let your Seedling-pinks, Wall-flowers, Stock July-flowers, Carnations, and other perennial feed- ing Flowers be now tranfplanted j and fow the Seeds of annual, fcarlet, and purple Stock July-flowers. Take up early Tulip Roots, and fome of the forward Anemonies, if their Leaves are decayed at the End of this Month- Plant fome Tuberofe-roois upon a moderate Hot-bed, to focceed thofe planted in March and' April. Remove into a flaady fkuation your feedling Pots of Iris’s and other (May.) bulbous rooted Flowers, letting them remain there till •Autumn. If the Weather is moift, you mud now re- move your young Plants of Venice Mallow, Oriental Mallow, and Lavatera’s, into the Borders of your Flower- Garden,' where they will make a fine Appearance when in Flower. Now place your Pots of choice Carnations upon fome place where Vermin cannot get at them, for if they do they will certainly deftroy them.. About the 10th of this Month inarch Lemon and Orange-trees,, ra- ther upon Lemon than O range-ftalks, becauie they will make the ftrongefl fhoots: Inarch alfo the SpaniJJ) whits Jeflamine and the Indian yellow Jeflamine upon flrong flocks of the common white Jeflamine, and they will grow freely ; and if you innoculate the Lawret upon the Black- cherry-ftock, it' will grow very freely. At the End of this Month cut fome Leaves off'the Opuntia or Indian Fig, and let them lie to dry two or three Days before they are fet into the Ground ; let the Earth for them be Rubbifh from old Brick Walls fifted one third, and Jet it be mixed with light Earth well fifted : Let the Leaves Be fet one Inch in the Earth, and let them remain abroad fifteen Days before they are put in a hot Bed. If the Weather is fettled, tranfplant to the open Borders from your Hot-bed all your choice Annuals, as African and French Marigolds* Bafils, Amaranthus, Convolvulus, And now plant the Cuttings of Pyracanthe of the tender ffoots, and Cuttings of the Paffion-trec in moift places. A Kalendar of Plantf, See, now in Bloom. Stock July flowers, Anemonies, Tulips, double Wall- flowers, Ranunculus, Monks-hood, Pinks of feveral forts* Angle fcarlet Lichnefs, white and yellow Afphode], fweet Williams, Lilley of the Valley, double ydllow Globe* flowers, Daizies, Candy-tufts, Leucanthemums, Venus-. Looking-glafs, Thrift, Dwarf Annual-flock, red and White Valerian, double purple and large Periwinkle, Cy- anus major, Featherfew, Thalictrums of feveral Kinds*. Pox-gloves of three forts, Rofemary, Sage, Moth mullen double Catchfly, bulbous Iris, Veronica multicauiis pan- nonica, double white Rocket, Spanifli Figwort, London? Pride, Geraniums of feveral kinds, Pyracamha, Helian- The Gentleman yßeft Guide. (May.) themums, Syringa, Tutkey perennial Poppy, Rofes, fiery Lilly, Apple Blofloms, Peonies of feveral forts. Colum- bines, Spireas, Fraxinella red and white, Spanifl Broom, yellow Holy, Homer s Moly, Crobus Sua Buckthorn, Spirea falicis folio, Spire a hyper id folio, Spirea opuli folio, Dwarf Medlar* wild Service or Quick- (May.) A Kalendar of Gardening. beam, Amelanchier, Aria Theophrafti, Stacchas purpu- rea, double flowering Cherry, and many more. Kitchen-Garden. In this Month, though the Gar- den Teems to be in its higheft Perfection,. yet it is often fubjeft to many Injuries from bad Weather. Now the Cucumbers and Melons,, as well thofe made in February, as thofe planted laft Month, muft be care- fully fhaded with Mats in the Heat of the Day, for the Sun is too violent for them through Glafles j. nor are they a- blc to endure the open Air, to which they are often ex.- pofed i for being brought up tenderly, their Vines harden and dry when expo fed to the Sun. In the beginning of this Month fow Cucumbers in, the natural Ground on a frefh light Soil, and it will afford you plenty of Fruit in July, both for pickling and Sal- fads. Towards the latter End of this Month fow fbmc Dutch brown Lettuce and common Cabbage Lettuce in an open Situation, to fupply the Kitchen in Augufi and September j and if you fow them thin, and let the Plants be houghed out to a proper Diflance, you need not tranfplam them* Tranfplant Imperial, Silefla, and Cos Lettuces, to fuc- cccd thofe planted laft Month. Now fow Finochia in a rich, light, moiftSoil, to fuc- cced that which was fown the laft Month. Sow Peafe, and plant Beans in a raoift Soil for a latter Crop. Sow Endive very thin, to be blanched without trans- planting. Plant Kidney Beans foe a Second Crop. About the middle of this Month fbw Colliflowers foe Winter life. Tranfplant Cabbages and Savoys for Winter Ufe. Transplant Cellery into Drills for blanching, if your Plants are large enough. TranSplam Radifhes for Seed, obferving to make choice ®i thoSe which have long ftrait well coloured Roots, and Small Tops. Hough your Winter Crops of Carrots, Parfnips, Beats, The Gentlemans Bed Guide. (May.) Onions and Leeks, to keep them from Weeds, and ft will fave much Labour the fuccceding Months. It Is not yet too late to plant Slips of Sage, Rofemary, Hylfop, Lavender, Marura, Maffick, and Tome other A- romatick Plants ; but obferve to fhade and water them until they have taken Root. Sow Turnips a fhort Time before Rain, and it will bring up the Plants very foon. Look over your Artichoaks again in this Month, and pluck up all the Plants from the Roots, which have grown fince the Stocks were flipr. You fhould likevvife cut off all the fmall Artichoaks which are produced from thefldc of the Stems of the Artichoaks, otherwife they will render the Artichoaks on the Top very fmall. Products of the Kitchen-Garden. Spinnage, Radifhes, young Sallad Herbs, feveral forts of Cabbage Lettuce, Mint, Sorrel, Baum, Winter-favory, Buglos, Borage, Tragopogon, fpring Coleworts, young Onions, Sives, Cucumbers, Melons, Afparagus, CoUi- fiowers, Cabbages, young Carrots, Peafe, Beans, early Artichoaks, Kidney Beans, Puiilain, Mixtures of young Burnst, &c. Alfo green Goosberrles. June. ?Rtrrr-GA'RDEN. Towards the middle of this Month you may, in an Evening or cloudy Weather, begin to innoculate your Stone fruits, beginning with the mafcu- line Apricockj which is fit to bud, andfoon with the other forts, according to the Times of their Fruits ripening*. Tou may now again look over your Wall and Efpalier Trees, and take on all luxuriant Branches, and thofe that are ill placed or foreright, and train the others regularly and at proper Diftances againft your Wall, &c, but you muft mind to pull off but few Leaves, leaft you expofe the Fruit to too much Heat in the Day, or Cold in the J?ight: Thin your Neftarines and Peaches, if not already done, and do not fuffer more to grow than the Trees will bear without damaging them j I would advife they IhouM be four Inches apart, which will vaftly ft lengthen (June.) A Kalendar of Gardening. the Trees and improve the Fruit. As Snails and other Vermin are now apt to deftroy your beft Fruits, fo you ffiuft be very diligent in dcftiroying them.. You Ihould now faflen to the' Wall or Efpalier thofe Shoots that are produced from your Trees that were tranfplanted the laff Seaton j if the Weather be dry obferve to water them, and preferve Mulch round their Roots on the Surface, Which will prevent the Sun or Wind’s drying them. In order to prevent the Nourifhment of the Ground’s being exhaufted, you muff now clear the Ground round your Trees from Weeds or other Plants, and the Fruits will be larger and better tafted by your fo doing. That the Grapes may have the Benefit of the Sun and Air, which is doubtlefs very neceflary at this Seafon, you fhould fa- sten up your Branches to the Wall, and cut off all weak trailing Branches or Side-fhoots, the Negleff of which wilt occafion your Fruit to be late before it be ripe, or give it a very illTafte, and likewife prevent your Vines bearing as they otherwife would do the Year following. The Fruits yet lajting, or in their Prime, are thefey Apples. Oaken Pin, Deux Anns or John Apple, Gol- den Ruffet, Stone Pippin, Pile’s Ruflet, and fome other Apples of lefs Account. And thefe Pears, Lord Che~ »e/s green Englifh Warden, black Pear of Worcefter, and Beze de Chaumontelle. There are likewife feveral forts of Strawberries, with Goosberries and Currants; the mafculine Apricocks j and thefe Cherries, Black Heart, White Heart, Kentilh, Duke, and Flander’s Heart. It* the hot Beds are Anana’s or Pine Apple, and in the For- cing Frame, Peaches, Grapes, and Ne&arines. Tlowek Garden, Green-House, &c. Take up,, and lay on Mail to dry in the Sun, all fuch bul- bous Roots as may have done blowing, and when they are well dry’d, lay them up. You fliould vifit the Ponds, Rivers, Bogs, and Ditches, in which you will find choice aquatick Plants, which will make a very pretty Show a- mong your other Plants ; you may tranfplam them tbo* they are flowering, but you Ihould obferve to give them the lame Depth of Water in your Water Tubs as they had 304 in the Place you took them from. Lay your ftrong Car- nations, Double Tweet Williams, and Pinks, as will bear it, picking off the fmall weak Birds, which do but rob the larger of their Nourifhment, giving them now and then a little Water. Thofe Carnations that have large Pods, and begin to burft on one fide, fhould now be helped, by gently opening the oppofite fide with a fihei Penknife, taking care not to touch the Leaves of the Flower, and then they will not fcatter, but open equally and fpread broad and fine } after which cover them with GlalTes to keep them from the Heat of the Sun. Be careful to deftroy Earwigs and Ants, which are very de- rtrutfive Infers among your Carnations. You may now gather the Seeds of Polyanthus and Auricula, and mind to preferve them in the Seed Pods till you Tow them. At the Beginning of this Month you may tranfplant from your hot Beds into the Borders of your Flower Garden fe- veral annual Flowers, as the Indian Pink, Amaranthus, African, French Marygold, French Apple, Convolvulus, Balfamines Capficums, and others, minding it be dorse in a cloudy Day, or in the Evening, and feeing that they have fome Water given them, v which will fettle their Roots the better. Take up and Itranfplant fuch bulbous rooted Flowers asdo not fucceed well if their Roots are kept too long out of the Ground, fuch as the Narciffus,. Dens cam's. Saffron, Cyclamen, Fritillaria’s, and Colchi- cum. Such of your Aloes as have Occafion for larges Pols may now be transplanted, taking carefully off theit decay’d Leaves, and you may now bring them abroad, together with your Euphorbiums, Torch Thirties, and your tender Tithrmals,and when you have fo done, cleaa them from Durt. Take off Cuttings from the Torch Thirtle and Euphorbium, let them lie in the Sun to heal iheir Wounds, then put them in the fame Earth as was directed for the Indian Fig. Tie up to ftrong Stakes your tall autumnal Plants that are yet to blow, and cut off thofe Stalks that are decaying from fuch Flowers as have done blowing j fuch Off-fets and Suckers as grow about the Roots and Stems of your Aloes, may now be taken off, and planted in Earth made of filled Rubbifh of old Brick Walls one Third, which fhould be mixed with well. The Gentlemans Beft Guide. (June) (June.) A Kalendar of Gardening. hfted light ric’u Earth j let them lie abroad 15 Days, and *hcn fet them in your hot Bed,giving them a little Water jill they take Root. Thofe Hyacinth Roots that were ktyed in Beds in former Months to ripen, fhould now be *aken up and cleared from Filth, then lay them on Mats *o dry in a fhady place, and then put them up in Boxes °r Drawers where the Air can have free Accefs to them, otherwise they will turn mouldy. Thofe Roots of Ra- nunculus, Tulips, and Ancmonies, whofe Leaves are de- cayed, fhould now be taken up, laid in Mats in a fhady place to dry, and put up in Boxes or Bags where Rats and Mice cannot get at them, till it is a proper Seafon to plant them again. As your Oranges are now in Flower, you fhould pick off the Bloffoms where they are too thick, and give them Water very frequently, but a litttfe at a Time, which will fet their Fruit. Your Myrrhs fhould likewife now have frequent Water given them, nor fan you hardly give them too much, becaufe they natu- rally grow in marfhy Grounds. Such perennial or bien- nial fibrous rooted Plants as were not tranfplamed lafl Month, fhould now be put into Nurfery Beds, where they muft remain till Autumn, and then place them to remain in the Borders of your Flower Garden, I mean fuch as thefe, Holly-hocks, Scabious, Dames Gillyflow- ers, Columbines, Canterbury-bells, Pinks, Stock July- flowers. Tweet Williams, and French Honcyfuckles j let thefe be firft raifed thus ; The firft Seafon in your Flower •Nurfery, and the next brought out to blow in your Flow- er Garden. In Beds made of light rich Earth, and fha- ded, plant your Cuttings of Lfchnidea’s, double fcarlet Lichnis, double Tweet Williams, and Pinks, if you would increafe them ; let them be duly watered, and they will Toon take Root. You may continue to tranfplant An- nuals after Rain, and to Tow others to fucceed thofe Town laft Month. Female Balfams, Larkfpurs, Convolvulus, white Lilly, Day Lilly, and Orange Lilly, African and French Marygoids> Tangier Pea, Everlafting Pea, and fweet- icented Pea, Amavanthus, Canada, Golden Rod, Candy Tults, broad leaved upright Dogs-bane, Venus Looking- Plants, &c. now in-Bloom-. The Gentlemans Beft Guide. (June.) glafs, Apocynum, dwarf Annual Stocks, Lillii convallii flore. Stock Gillyflowers, yellow Aconite, double fcarlet and dwarf Lichnis, horned Poppies of feveral forts, Rofe Champions, Capnoides, double and Angle fweet Wil- liams, white black and yellow Swallow-wort, Campa- nula, Veronica’s, Fox Gloves, Blattaria, Nfuleins, Sea- pinks, Flammula Jovis, Periwinkle, Hyflbp, Cyanus of feveral forts. Claries, Martagons of feveral forts. Oriental Buglos, Monk’s-hood, double Petarmfna, Sun Flower, fweet Sultan, Hollyhocks, Xeranthemums, Nafturtium Indicum, coronilla Herbacea floric vario. Gentian, Jacea, Virginian Spiderwort, Snap-dragons, Santolina’s, Acan- thus, Willow Weed or French Willow, Linaria’s, Tree Primrofe, yellow and purple Loofeftrife, fcarlet Beans, bulbous fiery Lilly, Poppies of divers kinds, double Catchfly, Flos Adonis, Lobel’s Catchfly, Venus Navel- wort, red and white French Honeyfuckles, double and Angle white Wall-flower, Gentianella, Peach leav’d Bell Flower, Lychnidea caroliniana, Chvyfamhamums, Nigel- la, caltha Africans, Hieraciums, Vareliamia cornucopoL des, Eupatoriums, Afphodels, Phalangiums, Smilax, Sea Lavender, Helianthemums, calcedonian Iris, great blue Wolfs-bane, Fraxinella with purple and white Flowers, Africans, Sea Ragwort, yellow perennial and Tangier Fu- mitories, white Hellebore, Corn Flags of feveral forts. Thrift of feveral forts, Indian Scabious, Spanifh Figwort, Columbines of divers Colours, Savory, double Ragged Robbin, Tradefcant’s Spiderwort, red and white Batche- lor’s Button with double and Angle Flowers, Leucanthe- mums, Oriental Ox-eye with red and white Flowers,. Greek Valerian with blue and white Flowers, Ornithoga- lums. Bloody Cranes-bill, bulbous Iris, and red and white Garden Valerian. BeAdes, there are feveral other Trees and Shrubs which are now in Flower, as the Olive, Bladder Senna, Pomegranates with double and Angle Flowers, Oranges, Lemons, broad leav’d yellow Jefla- mine. Geraniums, Ficoides, white Jefl'amine, Sedums, Rofes of feveral forts. Frit till aria crafla, Tamarisk, Ole- ander, Virginian Sumack, Spanifh Broom, Doricnium, Hellebore, Althxa frutefeens Brionix folio and flore par- ya, Indian Fig, Oleafter, fome Carnations, Frutex nifoli- (June.) A KaJender of Gardening. atus Ulmi, Samarris, double flower’d Featherfcw, Nettle- tree, Valerian, upright fweet Can ad* Rasberries, Orchis, lame-tree. Antirrhinum, fhrub Cinquefoil, Tree German- der, Lupine, late red Dutch ever-green and long blowing Honeyfuckles, China Pinks, Catesby’s Climber, or Caro- lina Kidney Bean-tree, Spirea falicis folio, fcarlet flower- wig Horfe-chefnut, Tulip-tree, Cytiflus Lunatus, Mallow- tree, Syringa, perennial fhrubby Lamium or bafc Hore- hound ; with many more ; Likwife thefe in the Water- tubs, Double white Nymphea or Water Lilly, the Angle Yellow, the Water Violet, and Water Milfoil, with fome Others. Kitchen-Garden. In this Month great Care and Diligence ought to be ufed to defend the Plantations a- gainft the too violent fcorchings of the Sun, more efpeci- ally to have a watchful Eye upon fitch Plants as have been lately tranfplanted, to refrcftx them with moderate Water. In the Beginning of this Month tranfplant Cabbage and Savoy Plants in an open fpot of Ground, for Win- ter Ufe. You fhould now prick out into Beds of rich Earth the Colliflower-plants Town laft for Winter Ufe; but you wiuft take care to fhade them till they have taken Root, and be fure to water them duly. Hough your Parfnips, Carrots, Turnips, Onions, Beets, Leeks, &c. Take care to fhade your Melons in the Heat of the Day, if the Weather be warm. Sow Kidney Beans to fltcceed thofe planted in y4f>ril. Sow fome brown Dutch Cabbage Lettuce for a lace Crop. Now tranfplant fuch Lettuces as were Town In May. You may yet fow Radifhes and Endive. Continue to fow all forts of finall fallad Herbs every three or four Days; for at this Seafon they will foon grew large enough for Ufe. If the Weather be dry, gather all Torts of Seeds that are. nPe» fpreading them to dry before they are rubbed or beaten/ ° 1 The Gentleman's Beft Guide. (June.) AHb gather Herbs (If the Weather be dry) for drying', of fuch forts as are now in Rower j and let them dry kifin ely in a fhady Place, and not in the Sun. Tranfplant Leeks in a light rich foil. Now thin the Finnochia Plants Town in the former Month, allowing them Room enough to grow. The Broccoli fhould now be pricked out which was Town in May laft. Sow fome Broccoli in the Beginning of this Month for a fccond Crop. Sow Finnochia to fuccced ilrat which was fbwn in the former Month. Tranfplant Sellery for blanching. Sow Roncival Peafe about four or five Inches apart, and they will produce a good Crop in September. Deftroy the Snails Morning and Evening, and after fbowers of Rain, Take care to keep your Garden free from all forts of Weeds, otherwife they will fpoil whatever Plants they are near. Collrflowers, Cabbages, young Carrots, Beans, Peafe, Afparagus, Artichoaks, Turnips, Melons, Cucumbers, Kidney Beans, Cabbage Lettuces of divers forts ; alfo all forts of young Sallctting, as Crcfles, Muftard, Chervil, Rape, Radifh, Corn-fallad, Onions, Purflain, Endive, &c, all forts of fweet Herbs, as Lavender, Thyme, Hy- fop. Winter Savory, Mar urn, Maftick, &c. Alfo Sage, Rofemary, Mint, Baum, Origanum, Pennyroyal,Paifley, Sorrel, Burnet, Borage, Buglos, &c. Alfo Rasberries, Currants, Goosberries, &c. Products of the Kitchen Garden. JULY. Fruit-Garden. If you have been fo negligent as not to have look’d over your Wall and Efpalier Trees, and rubb'd off all luxuriant Branches and fore-right fhooes, and to have trained in due Order all thofe that are to remain,, that, the Fruit may have the Benefit of the Sun, be fpeedy now in doing it, or your Fruit will Igfe its Fla- (July) A Kalendar of Gardening. Vour. In an Evening or cloudy Weather you may bud all thofe forts of Fruits that were left undone laft Month. Cut off all Suckers that arife from your young Fruit- trees the Nurfery, and they will thrive the better j al/b hough up and clean the Borders near your Fruits-trees and your Nurferies of young Trees from Weeds, which do much damage to them, by taking from them their proper Nou- rishment. As your Stone Fruit are now apt to be very much damaged by Snails, fo you fhould be careful to de- ftroy them in the Mornings and Evenings, but more eC- pcci-ally after a Shower of Rain, when they come out in great Numbers, and may be eafily taken and defboyed. As Pifmires, and efpecially Wafps, are now very trou- b’efome, and deftroy your choice!! Fruit, fo you fhould hang upon your Walls, among your Trees, fevcral Phials of Sugar or Honey Water, which will drown great Num- bers of them that are tempted in by the Sweetnefs of the Liquor. Thofe who have a Vineyard, or even Vines a- gainft a Wall, fhould now be careful in looking them over, and difplacing all dangling Shoots in fitch a manner ®s the Fruit may not be too much covered with Leaves, but take no Leaves off the Branches that arc left, for they are very neceflary to the Growth of the Fruit j and you tnuft be fure to keep the Ground between your Row's of Vines clear from Weeds or other Plants, which, if fuf* fer’d to grow at this Seafon will much injure them. The Fruits yet lajiing or in their Prime, are theje. Apples. Deux Anns or John Apple, Stone Oaken Pin, Summer Cofting, Pomme de Rambour, Summer Pearmain, white Jennetting, Margaret Apple, Stubbard’s Apple, and Codling. And thefe Pears, the Lord Cheney's green Pear, the black Pear of Worcefter, Windfbr, CaTHorofat, green Chiflel, Orange Mufque, h'etit Banquette, Jargonelle, Mufcadella roughs. Guide Madame, Robine, primitive and petit Mufcar, with the Bruxelles, Turkey, Orange, Algier, Breda, and Roman ■dpricocks: The white Spanifh, black. Amber, Caroon, Amber-heart, Lukeward, Oxheart, Kemifh, Carnation, a°d Gafcoign Heart Cherries : Thefe Plumbs, Gros Da- Violet, Chefton, Damoifine, green Gage, Drap Or, white Matchlcfs, Imperial, Mditre Claude, Mira- The Gentlemansßcft Guide. (July.) Bella. Violet Royal, blue Pcrdrigon, Oilcans, blue Pri- mordian, Jean Hative, and Morocco } there are alfo Cur- rants, Goosberries, and Rasberries * with thefe Peachest Royal George, Bordine, early Admirable, Minion, Mon- tabonne, red Magdalen, Roflanna, Smith's Newington, Beilis or Bellows, brown and white Nutmeg, Albemarl and Ann Peach; and thefe Neftarines, Brunion and New- ington, Roman, Red, Elruge, and Fairchild’s early Nut- meg j with the Annas or Pine-apple in the Stove. Fi.ovveb.-Ga.rden, Green-House, Continue to lay Tweet Williams, Pinks, and Carnations, as they ga- ther Strength, be often refrefhing them with Water, and cover the BlofToms with Bafoas or Glaffes. Thofe flow- ering Stems that have done blowing fhould be cut down, except you keep them for Seed ; and continue to deftroy the Weeds in your Borders, for they will now begin to fired their Seed. This is the beft Time for railing Myrtles of Cuttings, and therefore take only the moft tender fhoots, place them in the lhade, and let them be watered fre- quently. In Cafes of light Earth that can be removed under /belter in the Winter, you may now fow Tulip- feeds, they being now ripe. Let the Bulbs of thofe late Flowers that were not fit laft Month be be now taken up, fuch as the white Lillies, Martagons, and Ornithoga- lums; and tranfplant your NarcifTus’s, Hyacinth of Peru, Dens cam’s, Frittillaria, and Perfian and bulbous Iris’s. Let the Edgings of your Box be now clipped a fecond Time, and let your Hedges be trimm’d and your Grafs Plats mowed. The Stalks of all fuch Flowers as begin to decay and wither fhould now be cut down ; and the tail growing Flowers which have not yet blown fhould be tied up. Now is the principal feafon for innoculating Ilofes, Jertamines, and other forts of curious flowering Shrubs and Trees. You may ftill continue to make Cut- tings of Indian Figs, Fig-marygolds, Torch Thirties, Se- dums, Tythimalds, and fuch other fucculent Plants. Place frefh Earth round the furface of your Orange Tubs, which fhould be done four times a Year ; and about the 20th innoculate Oranges upon Lemon-ftalks, which are prefe- rable to all others, You may likewife lay down long fiioots (July. A Kalendar of Gardening. your Arabian Jeflamine. Now let your perennial and htennial fibrous rooted Flowers that were Town late in the Spring be planted in Nurfery Beds, and let them have “•°om to grow there till Michaelmas, and then transplant mem into the Borders of your Flower-Garden } fuch as fhefe, Canterbury Bells, French Honeyfuckles, Wall- powers, Hollyhocks, Carnations, Pinks, and Stock Ju- ly-flowers. Look carefully after your choice Carnations j guard againft Infeffs, cover them with GlafTes or Bafons |° keep off the Sun and Rain, and when they begin to °Urftt open the Pods with a (harp Penknife on the con- trary fide, taking care, not to touch the Leaves of the Flowers. If you now prune and tie up all fuch exotick Flams as grow diforderly, they will be covered with frefh [hoots before they are fet in the Houfc. If you would ‘ncreafe your double fcarlet Lichnis, you may now plant Cuttings of it in fome fhady Border of light frefh Earth, and give it Refrefhings of Water as the feafon requires. To prevent your choice Auricula's being rotted or fpoiled, you fhould now keep them clear from Weeds and all decay’d Leaves, and place them under fome fuch fhady place as that nothing may drop on them in wet Wea- ther. Plant out in Tubs or Pots of rich Earth your feed- ing Auricula’s which came up laft Spring j place them in 3 fhady place as before,' and let them be gently watered, °hferving that neither Snails, Worms nor Slugs, get at them. Let fuch Flower-feeds as are now ripe be gathered, fhould prune Apricocks, Neftannes, Peach-trees, and vines, which is better than to ftay till the Spring, as is the ufua! Practice, becaufe the Wounds will heal over before the hard Frofts come to injure the fhoots.. You fhould Jikewife begin to prune Apples, Pears, and Plumbs, aud fo continue doing till the Middle or latter End of the flext Month, as you find the feafon proves more or left favourable ; this Work fhould never be done in frofty leather, for if it is, the fhoots will perifh at the Places Where they are cut. Now is your belt Time for trans- planting ail forts of. Emit-trees, if your Soil be dry ; and tf you have Occafion to have them from Nurferies, you may now have a greater Choice than in the Spring, for then the Nurferies are for the moft Part cleared of theft. choiceft Trees ; but in planting you fhould not head down thofe Trees which are defigned for Walls or EfpaHers un- til the Spring, the R.octs only fhould be pruned ; Now When you have planted your Trees, let them be fattened to the Wall, Pale, Efpalier, or Stakes, to hinder their be- tng injured by the Winds ; and Jay fbme Mulch about their Roots, on the furface of the Ground, to prevent the Profit hurting them. Now plant your Goosberries, Currants, Rasberries, and ’ Strawberries, and they will: take Root before Winter, and produce Fruit the Summer following. You fhould now tranfplant Stocks of all kind °f Fruit into your Nurfery, to graft or bud the more ge- nerous kinds of Fruit upon, and mulch the Ground abont their Roots to keep the Froft out. Let your Beds of Strawberries be now drefled, clearing them from Weeds, aud cutting off their Strings ; then let the Alleys between them be dug up, and when you have broke the Earth fine, you may fpread a little over their Beds, but not to bury the Plants. You may at the fame time clear your Rasberries of the old Wood, and let the Ground be dug up between the Rows, which will be of great Service to the Plants. Prune, your Currant Butties, and let their branches be tied up with a Withy 5 then dig up the Ground The Gentleman s Beft Guide. (oa.) between them, and plant therein Coleworts or Cabbage- plants, letting them remain there till Spring, where they will fometimes abide the Winter, when they would be deftroyed if in a more open Situation. You fhould like- wife prune Goosberry-bufhes, and let the Ground be- tween them likewife be dug up j and if you have Room, you may alfo plant Coleworts or Cabbage-plants there, which will be gone before the Eufhes put out their Leaves in the Spring, Be careful to preferve in Sand the Stones or Kernels of fitch fort of Emit as you intend to propa- gate for Stocks until the feafon for fowing them ; but take care that neither Rats nor Mice get near them, they being great Deftroyers of them \ you muft likewife guard againft thofe Vermin when you put any of your Kernels in,the Ground., The Fruits, yet lading, or in their Prime, are theje. Apples. Red and white Calvilles, Royal Ruflet, Ren- net Grife, embroidered Apple, autumn Pearmain, golden Rennet, and others. Thefe Pears. Green Sugar, Befi- dery. Swan’s Egg, Monfieur Jean, Rouffeline, Verte longue, Long ftalked Mufcat, Doyenne or St, Michael, Swifs Bergamot, Beurre rouge, and. others. You have alfb the bloody, malacoton, and fome Katharine P cache st. Grapes, late Figs, Medlars, Services, black and white Bullace, with Almonds, Hazle-nuts, and Walnuts. Flower-Garden, Green-House, &c. Now finifh your planting all fitch forts of Flower-roots as you intend, to put into the Ground before Chrifimas, fitch as Ane- monies. Tulips, Crocus, Ranunculus, . Hyacinths, Jon- quils, fo’c. Let moft forts of your hardy Tuberofe rooted or fibrous rooted Plants, fuch as Canterbury Bells, French Honeyfucles, Hollyhocks, Columbines, Daizies, Monks hood. Polyanthus, Buphthalmums, Lon- don Pride, Tweet Williams, Campanulas, Golden Rods, Afters, Lychnis 'coronaria, Spidervvorr, ragged Robbin, and others, be now tranfplanted out in the Borders of your Flower Garden, letting them be intermixed in fuch" a Manner, as there may be a regular Succeflion of Flow- ers preferved throughout the whole feafon. At the Be- (o a.) A Kalendar ginning of this Month houfe your Myrtles, Amoraum A Unit, Meleanthus, Martini fyriacum, and fuch tender Greens as remain yet abroad, giving them a frefh Co* Veving with Earth, without difturbing their Roots : Let htch of them as grow diforderly be tied up, and then Pllt in their proper places to (land the Winter, minding t° fet the mod tender Plants, fuch as Aloes, Melon and "Torch Thirties, Euphorbiums, &c. neareft the Sun, and thofe Plants that are moft hardy at the back of the Tfoufe. After the middle of the Month give no more Water to your tender fucculem Plants, they being fubjctt t0 rot. At the placing your Exoticks in the Houfe, ob- serve that only one third Part of the Floor be taken up *0 Shelves for the Plants, fo that there may be as much Vacancy left between them and the Windows, and the fame fpace between them and the back of the Houfe; this Proportion being obferved, the Houfe will not be fo fubjeft to Damps as if it was crouded, and there will be Air enough contained in it to nourifii the Plants if it was to be clofely fhut up a Month together. When you wa- ter your houfed Plants, let it be in the Morning when the Sun fhines upon them. Keep open the Windows °f the Houfe Day and Night till about the 15th, and af- ter that Time open them only in the Day-time. Let all the Borders of your Flower Garden be cleanfed from Weeds, and if they are not dug up and renewed with ftefh Earth, let them be now done. Repair thofe Bor- ers of your Box Edging which are decayed, and plant Uew ones where they are w'anted. Let all fuch Borders as Were dug and planted in September, be now raked over, which will dcftroy the young Weeds, and make them look neat and handfome all the Winter. Lot thofe ponies, Flag-leav’d Iris’s, and Geraniums, as have thick knobby Roots, be now tranfplanted, which is better than Jo remove them in the Spring. Let the Beds of feedling Tulips, Hyacinths, Frittillaria, and other bulbous rooted Plowers as have remained in the Ground all the Year, be now cleaned from Weeds, and let fome frcfh rich Earth “e lifted over them about thcThicknefs of half an Inch, 'vhich will (Lengthen the Roots and preferve them from Troft. Remove your Pots and Boxes of feedling Flow- The Gentleman s Bcft Guide. (oa.) ci's out of their fhady Situation, where they have remain- ed during the Heat of the Summer, and place them in a warmer Place, where they may have as much Benefit from the Sun as poffible, and be preferved from cold bleak Winds • let them be cleanfed from Weeds, and let them have a little frefh Earth lightly fifted over them, but not too thick. You mud: how alfb remove your choice Carnations ; let them be placed under Cover, where they may be guarded from Snow, violent Rains, or levere Frofts, all which do them much Damage ; if they are in finall Pots, you may place them very clofe together upon a Garden Frame, or on a Bed arched over with Hoops, and then you may eafily cover them with Mats in bad Weather ; but let them have as much Air as poffible in dry Weather. Now let your Pots of choice Auriculas have their dead Leaves taken off, and then let them be laid on one fide to prevent their receiving too much Wet, which will rot them but they are Flowers that will very well endure Cold. Let mod: forts of your flowering Shrubs and Trees be now removed, fitch as Spanifh Broom, Honeyfuckles, Rofes, Laburnums, Cy- tiffus, &c. and they will take Root before Winter, nei- ther will they want to much watering as if planted in the Spring 5 and let them have fome Mulch laid upon the Surface of the Ground round their Stems, to prevent the Froft’s injuring them. Let the Walks of your WildemefTes be now cleared from the Leaves that fall from the Trees j for if they are futfered to lie on the Grafs, they will rot and do much Injury ; and if they rot on the Gravel Walks they will greatly difcolour them. If you have large Gravel Walks that you do not walk much on in the Winter, you may now dig them up and lay them in Ridges, which will not only preierve the Grave! frefh, but prevent Weeds and Mofs growing thereon ; and if you have any Ground which you defign to lay out for Pleafiire, whether it be cither in a Flower Garden or Wildernefs, which you can’t get ready till Spring, you muft lofe no Time at this feafon in preparing of it, that it may be expofed to the Froft in the Winter, which will greatly help to mellow it; befides, if the Froft fhould Continue very long, it will prevent your working till the (oa.) A Kalendar of Gardening. is too far (pent for planting, and To a whole Sea- on will be loft. Make an End of putting in your Tu- !PS> and you may alfo plant fome Ranunculus and A- You may ftill continue to tranfplant and lay and fitch like flowering Shrubs. Let the Cuttings Jeflamine and HoneyTuckles be planted in fhady Bor- ders well wrought with a Spade ; and be careful to bury leaft two Joints of each Cutting in the Ground. Sow the Berries of Holly, Yew, and fuch Evergreens as have been prepared in Earth or Sand. Let your Pots of tarnations as are now blowing be put near the Door iti your Green Houle, where they may enjoy the moift Air. So alfo in placing your exotick Plants in the Houfe, let the moft tender ftand the moft remote from the Door, and the more hardy will bear the Air, clpcdally the Fi- coides ; but ufe none of them with too much Tender- ®efs, for many Plants have been killed with too much Care. We have now four or five forts of the Golden Rot?* Starworts of divers kinds. Marvel of Peru, French Mary- golds, Africans, Tweet Williams, China Pinks, Cokhi- Cliftis, Cyclamens, Autumnal Crocus, yellow autumnal lndian Scabious, Sun-flowers, Tome Angle Ane- lT>onies, three colour’d Violet or Heart’s Eafe, Polyan- Auricola’s, Arbutus or the Strawberry-tree, late Honeyfuckle, Althaea Frutex, Paflion Flower, Cytiflus Unatu's, Kermia Syriaca, Shrub Cinquefoil, Musk P-ofe, Monthly Rofe, Lauruftinus, Tome Oranges, Myrtles, Ge- raniums, Amomum Plinii, Golden Apple, Aloes, Fico- or Fig Marigolds, Leonurus, Apocinum, Spanifb Jef- Ttrnine, Indian yellow JefTatnine, Brazil Jeflamine, com- mon Jeflamine, Thlapfi Temper vtrens, - Pomegranate, Arbutus, Carnations, Stock Gilliflowers, Afters, Antirrhi- ”Urn, Amaranths, double Violets, Saffron Crocus, Cap- *cuni, Angle Wall-flowerst Cotyledons, Chryfanthemums,, Anemonofpermos, Canary Campanula, Caflia Bahamen- ls» fenfitive and humble Plants, Guernfey Lilly, Bellado- Lilly, three leav’d Paflion Flower, and many others. Plants, &c. no'w in Bloom. The Gentleman’s Bcft Guide. (O£L) Kitchen-Garden. The Beginning of this Month fow Cucumbers on the natural Ground, and afterwards tranfplant them into Pots, where they may be flickered from the Cold of the Nights, till you have a gentle hot Bed prepared for them ; and you will have them very forward. About the middle of this Month tranfplant your Cab- bage and Colliflower Plants. Now tranfplant your brown, Dutch, and common Lettuces, (ye, upon warm‘Borders, to abide the Winter. Plant Spanijh Beans, and fow hotfpur Peafe in feme Well expofed Border. Now fow all forts of fallad Herbs upon a decayed Hot- bed, fuch as Lettuce, Crcftes, Muftard, Radifh, Turnep, and Spinnage, Plant out fome of your Colewort-plants, which were Town late, where they are to remain for Spring Ufe. « Earth up the Stems of your Broccoli Plants, to protefl them from the Froft. Continue to earth up Cellery and Chardoons for blan- ching. Now fow fome Radifhes in a warm Situation, to come early in the Spring. About the latter End earth up and drefs fuch of your Artichokes as have done bearing. Plant Mint and Tanfey in a moderate Hot-bed, and they will be fit for Ufe about January. Make Plantations of the Suckers or Cuttings of GooS- be rries. Currants, and Rasberries. Now lay up Roots for Winter Ufe, fuch as Carrots and Turneps, ProduFls of the Kitchen-Garden. Colliflowers, Artichokes, Peafe, Beans, Kidney.beans. Cucumbers, Melons, Cabbages, Savoys, Carrots, Tur- fieps, Parfnips, Potatoes, Skirrets, Scorzonera, Beets, O- nions, Leeks, Garlick, Shallots, Rocambole, Salfafy, Crefles, Chervil, Muftard, Radifh, Spinnage, Lettuce of Several forts, Tarragon, young Onions, Cellcry, Endive* Coleworts, Brocole, Mufhrpoms, Sprouts, Sage, Rofemary, Thyme, Parfley, Winter Savory, is'c. (Hov.) A Kalendar of Gardening. NOFEM B E R. Fruit-Garden, Should the Seafoa prove mild, you continue to prune Apple-trees, Vines, and flich other lardy Kinds of Fruit-trees, whether they be Standards, or againft Efpal iers or Walls, but you fliould not prune them afterwards, left Rains and Frofts fhould fucceed each o- and hurt die Trees when the Wounds are frefti. *°u fhould now gather all your late Fruits, for if they a'efufFered to hang longer on the Trees, they will rot and the tender Branches ; and let the Shoots of the ‘tees be nailed clofe to the Wall, which will proteft againft Froft ; when you have fo done, put fome *annels of Reeds before them when you find the Froft to be very fevere, and they will prevent your Fruit Stanches from being injured, and occaflon the Fruit to £°nae out earlier the Spring following. You fhould now carefully all thofe Fruit-trees that you planted the ®tnier Month for Standards ; and let thofe againft your FfpaHers or Walls be fattened thereto, which will greatly help them from being hurt by the Wind ; which done, fome Mulch about their Roots on the Surface of the ground, if you have not already done it, which will hin- c'?r the Froft’s penetrating the Ground to their Roots. If Seafon proves mild, you may continue at the Begin- n’ng of the Month, to tranfplant Fruit-trees upon a warm ?ry Soil; but it were better it had been done laft Month, .°U may now plant Strawberries, Rasberries, Goosber- l.'es> and Currants, if the Seafon proves mild ; you fhould t!te\vife prune your Goosberries and Currants which were o|'nier]y planted ; which done, dig up the Ground be- their Rows to clear them from Weeds, and then P'ant in thofe Rows fome Colewons, which will be fit ons, Garlick, Shellots, Rocambole, Cellery, Parflcy, Sorrel, Thyme, Savory, Beet Leaves, Cabbages, Sprouts, Savoys, Spinnage, Cucumbers, Cabbage Lettuce, Cre£ fes, Tumeps, Muftard, Corn-fallad, Coriander, &c, alfo £udiy.e. Products of the Kitchen Garden* DECEMBER. Yruit-Garden. You may now in mild Weather fing great Increafe of Milk ; and the Hay is as nourifhing and faming, provided it be mowed and made in good feafon, whilft it is full of yellow Bloflbms, and not over- dried, being foon made, and then it will not lofe its Co- lour, nor fhrink in making, as the Clover-grafs does, be- ing much finer and greener. It is alfo exceeding good for Ews and Lambs, it being a found Feeding, and free from Rottennefs ; nor is it fubjeft to forfeit the Cattle, as the Clover; and therefore it is very good, for preventing this Mifchief, to mix in the fowing one Moiety of this feed with one of Clover, which do thrive very well to- gether, and afford good Hay and good Pafturage, Tire Trefoil will endure much longer if it ftand not for Seed; for that is deftru&ive to the Root, and the Sap is gone that fhould nourilh It, becaufeit muft be cut late, and in the Heat of Summer, always provided the Ground be fown with dean Seed, feparated from the Husk wherein it grows; otherwifa your Expectation will fail in every point ; for if it be not, it is impoftible to cleanfe it from the coarfe and Tower Grafs which mixes with it, and is fo definitive to the Trefoil, that it will not laft half fo long ; for as the coarfe Grafs encreafeth every Year, fo the other decreafeth. The next Year after the Corn, it inay be either fed or mown. The beft Seafon for fowing this Seed, either with Gats or Barley, is from the middle of Marth to the End of 'April 5 and it mud: be Town after the Corn, as before divefted for other Seeds, and afterwards finely harrowed and rowled : About a Dozen Pound of Seed is fufficient for an Acre; whereas Land that is brought out of Heart by frequent Tillage produceth Couch-graft, Twitch, and the like Weeds, which are great Enemies to the Corn, and impoverifh the Land ; this Trefoil doth enrich the Ground, and prepares it for Corn, deftroyihg the Couch- grafs, and the like Weeds, if it be kept mowed, and plowed again before the Trefoil be decayed, and other Grafs grow up in its Room ; and will likewife bear far better Corn than before; and when it h again worn our, Will bear good Trefoil as before. La Lucerne For Towing this Seed, obfervethe fame Method in ordering the Ground as for the other Seeds. It muft be fown about the middle of April, and fom« Oats may be fown with it, but not fo great a Proportion as With other Seeds. The Land muft be well dreffed, and at leaft three times fallowed. It may be mown twice every Year, and fed all the Winter j the Hay, if well made and ordered, is very good for all kind of Cattle, efpccially Horfes, and is good to fatten Store-cattle. It muft be given with Caution at firft, as direfted for the Clover, for Fear of forfeiting, fo that it is beft to be mixed with Straw or Hay. An Acre will ferve three Horfes all the Year at Pafturage, and will foon raife them to Flefh, and make them fat. If it be mown but once a Year, it will laft ten or twelve Years; but if twice, not fo long. There are feveral forts of other Grafles, but thefc being the chief, I fhall omit the reft ; only to fay, that Hop- clover, Trefoil or three-leaved Grafs, are both finer and fiveeter than the great Clover-graft, and will grow on any Ground. They may be fown with Corn as before direfted ; or otherwife, being fprinkled in- Meadows, will much mend the Hay, both in Burthen and Goodnefs, Of improving Land. 0/ Arable Lands, and the Grains ufually fovsn on them. The great and chiefeft Knowledge of the Husbandman confifts in theunderftanding the true Nature of the Ground, for every 0f Land almofo requires a different fort of The Farmers Beft Guide. Husbandry, Tome Grounds yielding Plenty of that which will not grow on another. The ftiff and ftrong Grounds receive the greateft Improvement from tne Plough ; and the light, warm, and mellow Land is mod fit for Plan- tations and Gardenings ; not but that the light and mel- low Ground is good for Corn, but the ftiff is not fo good for Plantations. Alfo mofly, and fuch like Grounds, are much improved by plowing. All ftiff, clayey, moift and cold Grounds, are generally thrice plowed for Wheat, and four Times for Barley ; tor the feveral Ploughings are very advantageous to the Grounds in divers Refpeds, as killing the Couch, Twitch, and the like Weeds, that the Ground is fubjed unto. It alfo makes it light, mellow, and finer for the Seeds ; and by giving it a fallowing in the Summer, it is as good as a forry Dunging to it. Land that hath lain long for Pafture will be fubjed to Mofs and Weeds, fo that plowing of fuch Land for two or three Crops will be very advantageous, not only in the Crops, but alfo to the Ground, efpecially if when it is laid down it is foiled or fown with foine of the aforefaid French Graffes. There is much Wafte in divers Parts of this Kingdom, as Heaths, Moors, and Commons, fubjed to Broom, Ruffles, Fern, Heath, and the like ; which, if enclofed, and good Husbandry ufed on them, would be- come good Grounds, Experience of which has been made in many Parts of England, on Ground that would fcarce bear Grafs, to produce good Crops of Corn ; and the Way to effed this, is to burn or denfhire them, as before mentioned ; which is fo very advantageous, that two or three Years Crops hath been worth the Inheritance of the Land ; and after two or three Crops of Corn, being lain, down for Pafture, and fown with fome of the aforefaid french Graffes, do become good Pafture Grounds, eC- pedally to what they were before. Grain : There is none fo ufeful and univevfal as Wheat,of which there are feveral forts,as the-P aland Wheat both white and red, great and final! ; the Straw Wheat} Rivet Wheat, both white and red } the Turkey Wheat ; the grey Wheat; the Flaxen Wheat, which in fome Pla.- ces is fuppofed to be called Lammas Wheat; Chiltern Ograve Wheat; Saracens Wheat with other Names, 350 Of improving Land. Which probably may be the fame Sorts. Of thefe forts Tome prove good for cold and ftiff Land, and others for that which is hot and dry. The great Poland and the Ogvave delight in ftiff Ground ; the flaxen and Lammas on indifferent Lands ; and the Saracens on any. The bearded Wheat is not fubjeft to Mildews. The beft Sea- lon to fow Wheat is about Michaelmast and rather whet* the Weather is wet than dry. Rye is a Grain ufed next to Wheat for Bread, and fometimes both are mixed together in the Towing, Which is called Meafeline, and the Flow'd* from this Meafi- line will make a fine fort of moift and palatable Bread. This Grain may be Town fometimes later than Wheat, if of itfelf, and will grow on a fighter and poorer Land. It requireth a dry Seed-time y it is a great Bearer, and yields an advantageous Crop. Barley is a profitable Grain, but the Ground muff be good and brought to a fine Tilt ; the beft Seafon to fow it is about the latter End of March, or Beginning of yjpril, and it is very convenient to fow it when the Wea* ther is dry. Oats is a Grain much ufed in- the Northern Parts of this Kingdom for their Bread ; as alfo for their Malt, it making good Beer. This Grain groweth almoft on any Ground, nor is there that Finenefs of Tillage required as for Barley, for this may be Town upon a Laye. The Seafon for fowing it is in February and March. There are two forts, the White or Polijh Oat, which is a fine weigh- ty Grain ; and the black Oat, much Town in Fenny Grounds, which fort of Corn is light, lank, long-tail a, and not fo good as the white. Pease are of great Ufe, and very profitable j there are feveral forts, as the Green, the grey or Hog-Peafe, the large Roncival, and the white; which are of feveral forts, as the Hotfpur, Reading, Haifting, and Sandwich ; and for the fowing them feveral Seafons are to be obferved, that is, fooner or later, as you would have your Crop ta be ripe ; for the Hotfpur about Chrifimas is a good time, but if the Seafon prove frofty, fomewhat later. Peafe do much mellow Land, making it fit for a Crop of Wini The Farmer s Beft Guided ter-corn 5 and they mull be Town in a good your ftony, rufhy Land being unfit for them. Beans delight in a ftrong deep Land., and are of chief UTe for fatning Hogs ; and being given with Oats, are a good ftrengthening Food for Horfes. Tares or Fetches are not of great life, but Pidgeons delight much in them. They are good Fodder for Hor- fes if cut green. They require indifferent good deep Ground, and the Seafoa for Towing them is about February or March. Lentils, or Tills, are very good Fodder, they grow on any Ground, yet afford a great Increafe. Lupins are a Pulfe of very great Profit, growing on a Tandy, gravelly, or rufhy Ground, being fodden in Wa- ter, are good Food for Swine and Oxen. Buck-Wheat doth much help barren Land ; it yields a great Increafe, it is excellent good for Swine and Poul- trey j. it is fbwn about April, yet late e’re it is ripe; and when it is cut, muff lie Tome time to wither the Stalks, Hemp delights in Ground that is warm and Tandy, Or a little gravelly. The beft Seed is the brighteft, and that which will retain its Colour in rubbing ; about three Bufh- cls is enough for an Acre, but the richer the Ground is> the more Seed may be fown. The Seafon for Towing it is in April, and earlier or later as the Spring falls our* The Time to gather it is about Lammast when a good Part will be ripe, that is, the lighter Summer Hemp that bears no Seed, and is called the Timble Hemp, whoTe Stalks grow white , and then it is to be pulled ed and laid up for UTe. The reft let grow until the Seed be ripe, which will be fomething before Michaelmas; and this is uftially called the Karle Hemp. When you have gathered it up, and bound it in Bundles, let it be Hoofed until it be threfbcd, the Seed being very good for Pid- geons and Fowls. This being a very advantageous and convenient Commodity, every Family fhould have a piece of Ground fet apart for it, as alfo for Flax, were it no more than for Linnen for their own Family. Flax delights in a found rich Ground, which muff have the fame Tillage as for Corn ± and the Seafon for Towing it is in the latter End of March or Beginning of April, Of improving Land. bed Seed comes from the Eaft Country, and willlaft good for two or three Crops, and then muft be changed, two Bufhels of the Eaft Country Seed is enough for an Acre, but of our Seed half a Bufhcl more ; when *t is ripe, which you will fee by the Seed, gather it and lie it up in Handfuls,, which muft be fet one againft ano- ther until it be perfe&ly dried, and then boufe it, Woad or Wade, is a rich Commodity, and of great h7fe for Dyers ; it requires a very rich, found, and warm Land 5 it will likewise grow on ordinary Ground, provi- ded it be light, warm, and in good Heart, having long felled, and newly broken up. The Land muft be finely plowed and harrowed, and all Clods, Stones, Turfs, taken away ; about four Bufhels Yoweth an Acre. It ttiuft be kept well weeded until the Leaves cover the •Ground 5 and when they are grown fair and large, then fet to cutting, and fo throughout the Summer, that you niay have four or five Crops, The firft two Crops are the beft, and muft not be mixed with thofe that come af- ter. As fbon as it is cut, it muft be carried to the Mill> and ground as faft as poffible ; then make it into round Balls, and lay them one by one on the Ileaks to dry, The Time for Towing it is in March. Madder is alfo a very rich Commodity, ufed much by Dyers and Apothecaries 1 As its Seed doth not come to Perfection, it is planted from the Setts taken from, the Madder it fell; the Time for doing it is in March or A- Pr*h The Ground muft be exceeding rich, of a deep Soil, and warm. It muft be dug two or three Spits deep, finely raked, laid level, and made into long Beds about a Foot and an half broad; it muft be well Weeded tiH the Madder gets the upper Hand of the Weeds, which will be the firft Year, for it comes not to Perfeftion till the third Year, but the fecond Year you may take up fomor Setts. Rape or Cole-Seed, is very profitable to be Town upon or fenny Land, or indeed upon any moift Ground is of a fat and rich Soil ; the beft Seed is the biggeft, and it muft be dry, and of a clear Colour, like the beft Gnion-feed. The Seafon for Towing it is about Midjrm- 7ner* and the Land muft be well ploughed, and laid fine and even; about a Gallon will fow an Acre, and for the fowing it even, it fhould be mixed with fine Duft or Afhes, as before directed for the Clover. When it looks brown ’tis Time to reap it, which muft be done as Wheat, Only it is not to be bound up, but muft lie in Handfuls upon the Ground until it be dry, which will be about a Fortnight ; and when it is dry, it muft be gathered up on Sheets, or large Sail Cloths, and Co carried into the Barn to threih, for Fear of Ihedding, to which it is much fub- }cd. Saffron is the richeft Commodity that this Kingdom produceth. Quantity for Quantity, and is very fovereiga for divers Difeafes. w The bell Seafon to plant or fet it is about Midfummer, and the Land muft be brought to a fine and gold Tilt, and of a rich Soil, for the better the Land is, the better Crop it will produce. For the plan- ting the Setts, you muft make life of a very broad Hoe, and with that draw the Land into Ranges, open like Fur- rows (as if for PeaCe) and about two or three Inches deep, in which the Setts are to be planted about three Inches afunder. Let the Ranges be well covered over with Earth, and about four Inches afunder, very ftrei"hr, to the End the Ground may be the better hoed to clear the Weeds, The Winter following it grows green like. Chives or final! Leeks, and in the Beginning of the Sum- mer it quite dieth as to Appearance, but it muft be clean hoed, and then will come up the Flower without the Leaf, which in September appears like the blue Crocus, in the midft of which comes up two or three Chives of a deep yellow, which is the Saffron, which is to be ga- thered from the Flower, and very early in the Morning, othervvife it will return back into the Earth until the next The Farmer s Beft Guide. Morning. The Seafon lafts about a Month for the ga- thering it, fb that you mud have many Hands to pick it. The beft Way to dry it, is to make u/£ of a Kiln made of Clay and Sticks, in the Fafhion of a Bee-hive, but not fo big, and a little Fire made of Charcoal, bein® care- fully tended, will fcrve to dry it, for it mud not be too dry. An Acre may produce 14 or 15 Pounds of good Saffron, but 8 or 10 Pounds is reckoned a pretty good Crop. When the Crop is off, about Midfummer is the Of improving Land. Time to take up the Setts or Plants, and to let them a- gain as before directed, which Courfe muft be obferved every Year, for a Crop will hold good but one Year* By Nature every Seed is found to differ from another, and to require a different Nourifhment, infomuch that one fort of Seed will thrive where another will nor, and ©y Experience it is found very advantageous for the Hus- bandman to change his Seed, efpepally for Land that is tired out with frequent Tillage, into Land newly broken up ; and from dry, barren, and hungry Ground, to that which is fat and rich. The like is obferved by Cattle that are taken out of barren, fhort or Tower Pa- fture, and put into that which is good and Tweet, how they thrive over thofe that are not exchanged. The like is obferved by Trees that are taken out of barren bad Ground into a good rich Mould. Seeing then the Hus- bandman’s great Care is to manure and enrich his Ground, 1 fhall give the following Account of the feveval Ways of manuring, dunging, and Toiling of Lands, and the Solis or Comports necertary for effeding the fame. Dire cl ions for the Preparation of the Seeds. Soils and Manures taken from the Earth. Liming of Land is very good, much improving barren Ground; about i? or 2.0 Quarters of Lime is Tufficient for an Acre : Alfo a Mixture of Lime and Dung is a very good Comport for Lands : But where there is nottheCon- Veniency of a Kiln to burn the Chalk into Lime, flmple Ghalk may be ufed, which by Profts and Rains will be dillblved, and prove a good Enrichment to the Ground, 3nd will be alfo very good to mix with Dung t That -Which is called Chalk Rubbifh, being the Offals of the Lime, is the beft for this Purpofe. Marle is very good for the enriching of Land, Info- much that it is commended by all Authors 5 there are fe- deral Kinds of it, as Tome ftony and fbme Toft : and fonie of divers Colours, as white, yellow, grey, black, blue, ruffet, and red : It is an excellent Improvement to high, dry, Tandy, gravelly or mixt Lands, though never fo barren, keeping them in good Heart 15 or zo Years, The Farmer's Beft Guided and on Tome Grounds a longer Time ; bait its Strength and Virtue will not appear the fivft Year fo much as it will in the fucceeding Years. Strong clay Ground is not proper for Marie, In the Spring lay Marie on light, dry, Tandy, gravelly Grounds, as aforefaid ; and in the Begin- ning of Winter on hard and binding Grounds, and fpread it abroad that the Froft may moulder it in Pieces} yet Tome are of Opinion, that the Winter Seafon is the beft to lay it on for any fort of Ground. FuLLERs-EARTHtis likewife a good Soil, and is to be nfed after the Manner of Marie. Clay is a very good Improvement to dry, light, and Tandy Ground’, being fpread (thereon like Marie or other Soils; and by the fame Rule, Sand is good for ftrong, cold and ftiff Land; a fuffx- cient Quantity thereof being laid thereon ; but as to the Quantity, it is good to try the Nature of the Ground, and accordingly add a greater or lefler Proportion. The beffi and fertileft Sand is that which is wafhed from the Hills or other fandy Places, by the Violence of Rain. Sand is alfo good to mix with any other Compoft and for rai- ling a good Quantity thereof, in the Winter houfe your Sheep and other Cattle, but not all together, for Fear of fpoiling one another ; and there fodder them, having Racks placed up and down in the faid Houles. Let there be fuft fpread on the Floor a good thick Coat of Sand, and fhort mufby Straw, good for little elfe, upon which thay will pits and dung j and when it is well co- vered therewith, then lay on another Coat of Sand and Straw ; and this Courfe ufing will make a conflderable Quantity of very good Soil, for the enriching of any foiV of Grounds. The Dirt or Soil of Towns is alfo a very good provcment. The Sand's of the Sea-coafts and Creeks being of a lalt- »fh Nature, is very good for the Improvement of barren Land, and is much ufed in the Weftern Parts of Eng- land, The like they do by foiling their Land with Sea Weeds, Sea Ouzc, or ouzy Mud, which turns to a very Soils taken from the Sea-fhtre. Of improving Land, Advantage. In fome Places, when the Glut of the Seafon of fifhing is, and that they are very cheap and plentiful, caft a good Quantity upon the Land, which 'vill caufe an exceeding great Fertility, though never fo barren before. And without doubt there is nothing that proceeds from the Sea or Rivers, whether Fifh, Garbifh of Fifh, Shells, Sand or Mud, but is very profitable td the Enrichment of Ground, if judicioufly applied. 0/ Dungs, and other forts of Soils and Manures. _ Sheeps-Dung is the beft and richeft, fo that the Fol- ding them on the Land, which is but a thin Sprinkling, c allies as great a Fertility as an indifferent Dunging. Horse-Dung, which is the mod common, by reafou of their keeping in Stables, and their Dung preferved and call up in Dunghills to rot with the Litter, is alfo a very good manuring to Land, being of a hot Nature, and therefore excellent for Gardens, as alfo for cold Grounds. Cow-Dung is of a colder Quality than that of aHorfe or Sheep, and therefore more fit for hot and Candy Grounds. Swines Dung is very good, and efteemed better than . ancj great Quantities may be made from a- botit a Score of Hogs, if well ordered ; which is to keep them up in a Yard of an indifferent Largenefs, well pa- ved, with a little Falling one Way, to the End their, Fife Jnay run to one Part, where the Dung Ihould be fbovel- up to rot. Let their Sheds or Styes be made along the fides of the Pales at the .upper Part. The Hog Troughs *hould be fixed in the Ground, with feme Part without the Yard, for the better Conveniency of giving them Meat therein without coming into the Yard ; and for the ma- king the greater Quantity of Dung, caft into the Yard (befldes their other Food, as Roots, Offals, Windfalls of Fruit in the Time of the Year, Coleworts, Cabbage-leaves, and Bean and Pea-lhells) great ftore of Fern or mufhy Straw to make Dung of, which they will foon do by their trampling, lying and dunging upon it 5 infomuchthat there may be made yearly of good Soil out ©f fuch a Hog-yard, about 40 or 50 Loads, 358 The Farmers Beft Guide. The Dung of Fowls, as Pidgeons, Hem, Ducks, Geefe3 and Turkeys, is excellent, one Load being worth a Dozen of ordinary Dung, fo that inftead of laying it on the Ground in the ordinary Husband-like Way, it Ihould be fown on the Ground. Wood-Ashes make a good Dung, and enriches the Land j fo do thofe of Sea-coal. Peat, Turf, Fern, Stubble, Straw, and Mofs, in cold Marfh or Meadow Grounds ; And if Sea-coal Allies are mixed with Horfe Dung, they make an excellent Comport for divers Ufes. Soap-Ashes arc efteemed a very good Soil both for Arable and Failure Grounds; that is, the Stuff that comes from the Soap Lees, when the Soap-boilers have done with it. The bell Seafon to lay it on the Ground is in the Beginning of Winter, that the Rain may walk it into the Earth* Rags are excellent foil for Land, one Load going as far as a Dozen of ordinary Dung. Malt-Dust is a very great Enricherof barren Land: The Way to ufe it is thus : After your Corn is fown and harrowed in, take the Malt Duft and fow it over the Ground as you do Corn ; about four Quarters is fuffici- ent for an Acre, and, as near as you can, let the Dull be Town in a wet Seafon, that the Rain may wafh it into the Earth. This is as good an Enrichment to Ground (eL pecially for one Crop) as an ordinary Dunging. This Malt Duft is to bt bought of Maltfters, or great Brewers, and for about 5 s. the Quarter. Hair, Horn-Jhavings, Shreads and Pieces of Leather, are found to enrich the Ground very much, being thinly flrewed thereon. Soo r is very good, efpecially that which is made of Woed ; It is moft beneficial to Trees or Plants, that either grow in the Shade, or in cold and moift Grounds. Salt, if ufed with Moderation, is faid to be a great Improver of barren Ground, and doubtlefs it is true j for by Experience it is found, that Corn being fteeped feme Time in Brine, doth not only caufe Fertility, but prevents Soot in the Ears. The Ways and Means of Improvement of Grounds by" dunging and foiling, as aforsfaid, is very good and ef- Of Brining Wheat, &c. foftual; but in many Places very chargeable and trou- blefome, by reafon that it cannot be obtained but at dear Rates by Carriage or otherwife, fo that the Profit accru- -sng thereby will not anfwer the Expence and Trouble, ‘U this Cafe your Art muft be ufed to the Seed defigned 10 be Town on fuch Land, and for that there are feyeral W ays> fome of which are as follow : . Take a Quantity of Salt, and put it to Water till it will Juft bear an Egg ; then put in on the Over-night the Quan- tity of Wheat you intend to fow the next Morning, let- ting ft lie only one Hour in the Brine j then skim off all fhc Rubbifh that fwimsat Top; then draw off the Brine, and let your Wheat lie all Night in a broad Heap, and the ,le*t Morning fift Stone Lime over it and fow it j and by thus doing, you will prevent its growing fmutty. Otherwife, put as much Urine on the Seed as will juft Wet it all ; lift Lime over it, and fow it dire&ly, which Will like wife prevent Wheat’s fmUtting. Otherwife, Let your Corn be fteeped in Dung Water for fome Time, wherein put fome Saltpetre; then lay it fo dry on fome Floor, and fo fow it ; It is alfo good to *foep Corn in new Ale or Wort but more effeSual to deep it in Nitre or Sal Terra;. Otherwife, Lay five Bufhels of Wheat on the Ground, and run a large Garden Pot full of black Ditch Water and Urine mixed over it, then lift over it about a Peck Lime, mix it with a Shovel, and fow it on about two of Clover Lay. Brining and Liming of Wheat, Barley, Oats, Colonel Plummer of HertfordfhireT for preventing Wheat’s being fmutty. Wafh your Wheat through three or four feveral Wa- ter?, {lining it round each Time with a large Stick back- and forwards with great Force, and with a Skim- ler each Time take offlhe light Wheat : When this is ®°ne, put your Wheat into a Liquor prepared after this Manner ; put into a large Tub which hath a Tap, a fuf- hcient Quantity of Water ; then put as much Salt into it, when u 15 well {lined about, will piake an Egg fwim y The Farmer's Beft Guided then add as much more Salt as before, and ftir it very well, and to this put two or three Pounds of Allom beat- en very fine, and ftir it about. This you are to ufe as you do your ordinary Brines, only you muft let your Wheat fteep 30 or 40 Hours, for lefs fignifies nothing ; though the common Opinion is, that fteeping it long kills the Seed in the Wheat, yet Experience teaches the contra- ry. You muft take your Wheat out the Night before you fow it, and fift fome flacked Lime on it, which ferves on- ly to make it dry enough to fow. In a Week or ten Days add more Water to the Brine, and put in one Pound more of Allom. Sheep or Pldgeon’s Dung diffolved in Water, with Sale call therein, is very good to fteep Corn in. .But-above all, take ten or twelve Gallons of Train Oil, or fuch a Quantity as you flrall have Occafion for, put it into a large Veflel, and put therein your Corn ; that is, fuch a Quantity as the Oil will well cover, and let it deep therein until it be fupple, and, as it were, glutted therewith; then take it out, drain it, and fpread it on a Floor, and with a Sieve fprinkle it over with flacked Lime theta turn it with your Corn Shovel, that the Lime may encrufl the Corns or Grains all over, and fo fow it. Otherwife, boil fome ol the Grain you intend to fow, that is, put five Pails full of Water to a Bufhel of Grain, let it boil till it burfts, then drain off the Liquor, and put therein three Pounds of Nitre, which will diflblve in the hot Liquor j then add as much more Water, which fhould be fuch as has drained from fome Dunghill, or U- rine, if it can be had, in this Liquor ; deep the Grain about 24 Hours, letting the Liquor atfirft be fome Inches above the Grain in the Tub or Fat, becaufc it will fwell, then take it out and fift Lime over it, to dry it the foon- er-, then fow it, in doing which, ufe one third lefs than ufual, and it will fully anfwer your End. The Grains that were boiled are of no Ufe but for the Poultrey. Otherwife, Pour into quick and unflacked Lime, as much Water as fufficeth to make it fwim above the Lime, and unto ten Pounds of the faid Water poured off, mix one Pound of Aquavitae, and in this Liquor fteep ox 7v deftroy Rats anci Mice. foak Wheat or Corn 24 Hours ; when it is dried in the Sun or Air fteep it again in the faiJ Liquor 24 Hours more ; then dry it again, and put it in and let it foak a third 24 Hours, then fow it, but fo thin that every Com or Crain may be nine Inches apart, if poflible 5 and ’tis laid that one Grain fteepcd in this Manner, will produce Bo or 40 Ears, very large, with a large and tall Stalk. Rats and Mice being Vermin that very much injure the Farmer, the following are excellent Receipts foe killing them. Take one Ounce of Cantharides, and one Ounce o£ Glafs Antimony, both finely powdered, and mix it up With half a Pound of Currants,and one Pint of Oatmeal; put it in fmall Quantities where the Rats and Mice come, leaving fome Water near it. Take fome white Arfenick, beat it to a fine and ufe it as followeth Take Raifins of the Sun, fplic and dip them in the Arfenick, and fo clofe them again, Alfo take Apples codied, and the foft Pap mix with the Arfenick, together with Sugar. Liketvife take fome Hogs: Lard, Flower of Malt, and Arfenick, mixed together $ of each of thefc three Things put a little Quantity into art Oyfter-fhell, lay them in fuch Places where the Rats C(>me, and it will certainly deftroy them. Another. Of C A T T L E. As the Farmer’s chief Bufinefs confifts in the well ftock* 4l>g his Ground with Cattle; and as thofe Cattle are often fobjeft to Diftempers, which the Farmer may be often at * Lofs to find a Remedy for, and by that Means often *ole one or fo, 1 fhall add here, in their Order, Receipts for the Cure of mod common Dillempers incident to all :grts of Cattle, beginning with the Horfc. The Farmersßeft Guide. Training up of Colts. Before I proceed to the Receipts, it will be proper to give you fome Account of the breeding and training up of Horfes. If you chufe to have a Foal for Beauty, let your Horfe and Mare be of a coal Black, a bright Bay, a good grey, or a Dun, which are very agreeable Colours ; and let your Horfe and Mare be found, and of a known good Breed, with their Marks much alike; the Horfe fhould be i s, and the Mare 14 Hands and a half high, nor fhould they be more than fix Years old when they are brought together, and by obferving thefe Directions, you need not fear having good, ftrong and found Colts. If you have more Mares than one with Foal at a time, mind to keep them afunder when they have foaled for a whole Year, left either of the Colts going to the others Dam fhould get a Kick, as often happens, that may make him a Cripple ever after ; when they are a Year old you may wean them, bccaufe they may then eat Oats, Bran, and good fhort Hay ; and you may likewife at that time put them together, provided you have none that are a Year older than they to run with them ; for as they are apt to kick and lame each other, fo if they are of an Age, •they will be the better able to bear one another’s Blows; and now is the Time that your Servants fhould be careful not to learn them any bad Tricks, by letting them bite or kick at them, for if they do, they will find it a hard Mat- ter to break them of it. When they are come to about four or five Years old, you may let them eat Beans and Pcafe, and if you intend to bring them to Bufinefi, put them into the Stable for two or three Days, tie them up with a Halter to acquaint them with the other Horfcs, let- ting your Servant make much of them ; then put on each of them a Bridle, and let them ftand two or three Days longer with the Bit in their Mouths, that you may the better manage them when you come to back them. Next take one of them out of the Stable, and lead him about in your Hand with a Saddle oil bis Back, then mount ePurchafing o/Horfes. him, but be fure to have good flrong Bridle?, Girths and Stirrups, and take care you are not thrown, for if he gets *hc upper Hand of you, then you will find it a very hard Matter to break him; learn him to walk on boldly, foe he will be apt to flop and ftartle at any thing that pre- sents itfelf to his View j when you have learned him to *valk well, and obferve that he is not frighted at every little Thing he fees, then you may venture to trot and gallop him ; and by this Means you may foon bring him. to all his Paces; your Horfe being now fit for Service, and perfeftly found, he will fetch you a good Price, if J’ou intend to difpofe of him. I fhall now give you fome Dire&ions to prevent youc being impofed on in the Purchafc of a Horfe ; the firft ■of wnich is, never to bargain for one before you ride him, becaufe he may ftart and ftumble though handfome to look upon ; but firft examine his Teeth, Eyes, Legs, and Wind, and then if you would know his Age, raife his upper Lip with your Finger and Thumb, and if his Teeth fhut clofe he is young, but if they point forward, and the Upper and under Edges do not meet even, he is old i and the longer his Teeth are, the Gums being dry and fhrunlc L'om them, looking yellow and rufty, the older he is ; Otherwise examine his Tufh, and if the fame be fharp-. pointed, and grooved or hollowifh on the Infide, he can- not be judged above feven Years okh Mares have na Tufbes, fo that it is harder to know their Age; but if tha &oof of the Mouth be flefhy and almoft as proud as th© Teeth, (he cannot be judged old. If his Eyes are lively and clear, and you can fee to thesi Sottom, and the Image of your Face is reflected from# thence, and not from the Surface of the Eye, they are good ; but if muddy, cloudy, or coal black, they are bad Uthcrwife, lead him into the Sun-fhine, and you will eafl- ly perceive whether the Cornea, or horny Coat, (which •s the outermoft Part of the Eye, be tranfparent and free from Difordcr j you may alfb obferve whether the othen Parts within the Globe of the Eye be good, but particu- larly the chrjtftalime Humour, which ought to be very tranfparent. 3^4- If his Knees are not broke, nor ftand bending and trembling forward, which is called Knuckling, his Legs may be good ; but if he fteps fhort, and digs his Toes in the Ground, beware of a Founder, or at leaf! a contracted Back-ilnewt And if his Flanks beat even and flow,hisWind may be good, but if they heave double and irregular, or ■while he ftands in the Stable blows at the 'Noftrils, as if he had juft been gallopping, they are Signs of a broken •Wind} for the-Cure of which fee a .Receipt among thofc at the End of this Treatife onHorfes. Hoe Farmer s Beft Guide. A Horfe with thick Shoulders and a broad Cheft laden With Flefh, hanging too forward, and heavily projecting over his Knees and Feet, is much fitter for a Collar than a Saddle, And a Horfe with thin Shoulders and a flat Cheft, whofe -Fore-feet ftand boldly forward and even, his Neck riling •femicircular from the Points of thofc thin Shoulders to his Head, may juftly be faid to have a light Fore-hand, and is fitter for a Saddle than a Collar. Next enquire if he bites, kicks, flops, or ftarts; a Horfe may be found though guilty of all four, which a Man can hardly difeover by barely looking on him, fo we refer you to his Keeper. When you are buying, ’tis common for the Owner to •fay, in Praife of his Horfe, that he hath neither Splint, Spavin, nor Windgali ; and therefore that you may not be impofed on, thofe three are thus deferibed : The Splint •is a fixed callous Excrefcence, or hard Knob growing up- on ihe Flat of the Infide or Outfide, andfometimes both, of the Shank Bone, a little under, and not far from the Knee, and may be feen and felt. The Spavin is of the fame Nature, and appears in the like Manner on the Shank Bone behind, not far below the Hough. And the Wind- galls are feveral little Swellings juft above the Fetlock Joints of all the four Legs : They feem in feeling to be full of Wind and Jelly, but they never lame a Horfe 5 the Splint and Spavin always do : For the Cure of aH which, fee Receipts among thofe at the End of this Trea- tife on Horfes. To difcover when a HoiTe {tumbles or ftarts ; when you mount him, neither let him fee your Whip, nor feel Remedies for Horfes. your Spurs ; keep yourfelf in a profound Calm j and When you are feated, go gently off with a loofe Rein,. Which will make him carelels, and if he is a Stumblcr, ho Will difcover himfelf in a very little Way ; the bed Horfa fUay ffumble, but if he fprings out when he {fumbles, as *f he feared your Whip and Spur, you may juffly fufpeCt him to be an old Offender. A Man fhould never ftrike a Horfe for {fumbling or ffarting, I confefs the Provoca- tion is great, but the Fright of Correction makes hinv Worfe. Having gone through with what I propofed, in giving you Directions for breeding and training up Horfes, and Directions to prevent your being impofed on in the Pur- chafe of them, I fhall now proceed to the Receipts, be- ginning with Capt. Bunion's mod excellent Turnip Poultife, Which being tied hot upon the Foot, cures all Cuts, Treads and Bruifes, not only fafcd and fooned, but without lea- ving any Marie. The Turnip Poultice. Take any fort of Greens, fuch as Lettuce, Cabbage* Mallow-leaves, Turnip-tops or Turnips themfelves, the heft of all, boil them tender, (queeze out the Water, rand chop them in a wooden Bowl, with two or three Ounces °( Butter. The following is an excellent Ointment for the Cure of a' Wound or Bruife in the Flefli or Hoof, broken Knees, gaul’d Backs, Bites, crack’d Heels, Mallenders, or when, you geld a Horfe to keep away the Flies ; It will akb cure a Horfe that is lame in his Heel or Hoof, occa- fioned by an Over-reach, or Tread of another Horfe, be it ever fb deep, and though Gravel be in it; for it Will fuck it out, fill it again with found Flefh, and make the Hoof grow over it much fooner than any othep Method or Medicine whatfoever. The Horfe Ointment, Into a clean Pipkin that holds about a Quart, put the Bignefs of a Pullet’s Egg of yellow Rofin; when it is mel- ted over a midling Fire, add the fame Quantity of Bees- wax, and when that is melted, put in half a Pound of The Farmer’s Beft Guide. Hog’s lard * when it is dilfolved, put in two Ounces of Honey, and when that is diflolved, put in half an Ounce of common Tupemine, keep it gently boiling, ftirring it With a Stick all the Time; when the Turpentine is diifol- ved, put in two Ounces of Verdigreafe finely powdered, but before you put in the Verdigreafe, you muft take off the Pipkin, or elfe it will rife into the Fire in a Moment j fet it on again, and give it two or three Wambles, and ftrain it through a coarfe Sieve into a clean Veffel for Ufe, and throw the Dregs away. A Ball for p'welled Legs or crack’d Heels* Take half an Ounce of Ethiops Mineral, ditto of Bal- aam of Sulphur Tevib. ditto of Diapeme or powdered An- nifeeds, mixed and made into a Ball with Honey orTrea» cle, and give him a Pint of warm Ale after it ; in the Morning give him warm Water in the Stable on Account of the Ball. A Day or two after take a Pint of Blood from his Neck. Let this Ball be given him three times, that is, one every other Night, and if yourHorfe is young it will cure him ; but if he is old it will require further Repetition. He Ihould not fweat during this Operation, becaufe it will retard the Cure. If his Legs are become ft iff and fore, walk them with hot Water and Soap, then prepare the Turnip Poultice before mentioned, and tie it on hot, and let it flay on all Night. About three or four Hours after he is put up for all Night, and fed as ufual, give him the above Ball j and by the fame Medicine and Poulticing you may cure the Maflenders and Sellenders. To cure broken Wind, if apply’d when firfi difcovered. Take a quarter of a Pound of common Tar, the like Quantity of Honey i beat them well together, then dif- folve them in a Quart of new Milk * let the Horfe faft for two Hours before you give this Drench; walk him an Hour after, and let him fart two Hours* give this Drench every fecond Day with warm Meat and Drink. Shave the Part, and beat it with a Stick, prick it with a Nail in a flat Stick, clap on a Bliftering Plaiftcr as ftrong as you can make it i let it lie on three Pays, then take To take off the Splint. Remedies fir Horfes. oft, and rub the Place with half a Drachm of the Oil Organy, and as much Oil of Vitriol mixed 5 if the hi ft does not do, rub it a fecond Time with the Oils'; you find any Remains of the Splint, apply a fecond blftering Plaifter for Z4. Hours; walk him moderately to Prevent any Swelling or Excrefcence from fettling. To take off the Spavin, Beat the Bone with a Bleeding Stick, and rub it, then Anoint k with the Oil of Origanum, tie a wet Cloath about it, and with a hot Brick foak in the Oyl till it be dry. 1 If the Saddle bruifes his Back, and makes it fwell, a greafy Dilh-clout laid on hot, and a Rag over it bound on for a while, and repeated once or twice, will fink it., then wadi it with a little Water and Salt, and it will cure it. To cure a Saddle Bruife. Yin excellent Ointment for f‘welled or cracked Heels* Take ten Hen Eggs, boil them very hard, put them in cold Water, when cold feparate the Yolks from the Whites, put all the Yolks into a Frying-pan, bruife them With a Spoon Mouth over the Fire till they turn black and yield a fetid Oil, which decant off, and mix with it While warm, two Ounces of Honey, and two Ounces of Cerufe or white Lead in Powder, and keep it for life s The Oil of Eggs, made as above, exceeds any thing that can be applied for the Cure of a Burn or Scald in a hu- nian Body, if anointed upon the Part foon after the Ac- cident, and applied for an Hour by Times with a Fea- ther : When you ufe it for Horfes, cut the Hair off the Heels very clofe, and let them be well fomented for a Quarter of an Hour with, two old Stockings dipt in old Hrine pretty warm j and let the Ointment be heated into a Horfe’s Heels with a hot Fire-fhovel. ■A Cordial to carry off a Surfeit, and prevent the flaring of the Coat, and Hide-hound. If you perceive yauv Horfe off his Stomach, and you are afraid of a Surfeit, which is often ascended with the The Partner's Bed Guide. 368 Create, the Farcy, or both, the Symptoms of which are the tearing Coat and Hide-bound, put half Pound of Anniteeds in a Quart of Ale, pour it upon half a Pound of Honey in a Bowl, brew it about till/it is almoft as cold as Blood, then give it with a Horn, Seeds and all. Feed as ufual, but keep him warm cloathcd $ give him warm Water that Night and next Morning. A Mafhwill do well at Night, and left the Cordial fhould not have Force enough to carry off the Surfe/t, give him after all, and juft before Bed-time, one of the Balls, as directed for fwell’d Legs and crack’d Heels. ( And to prevent Stiff- nefs, fupple and water his Legs with greafy Difnwafh, or hot Water and Soap, and do not take him out of the Stable that Night. Greafe his Hoofs and flop his Feet With the following Balk Put two or three handfuls of Bran into a Sauce-pan, with as much Create of any kind as will moiften it, make it hot, and put a Ball of it into each Fore-foot, cover each with a little Tow or Straw, and put two Splints over that to keep it in all Night. But thefe Balls are not ne- ceteary in the Winter, nor when the Roads are full of Water. This Ball will likewite prevent an Horte from catching Cold, or Foundring, after he has been rid hard upon a dry Road in hot Weather. To cure the Mallenders, Take Flanders Oil of Bays four Ounces, Quickftlver half an Ounce, Sugar of Lead three Drams ■, mix it well and keep it for Ute ; let this be uted Morning and Evening:. But if this fail, take Flanders Oil of Bays two Ounces, fublimate Mercury powder’d two Drams, ’mix well, and anoint the Mallenders for fix Nights. O For a Wrench in a Horfe’s Shoulder, commonly called a Shoulder •flip. Take two Ounces of Oil of Spike, and mix it with an Ounce of Oil of Swallows, and with your Hand rub a little of it all over his Shoulder, then bleed him in the Plait- vein, and let him reft two Days ; that will cure a flight Strain. But if he continues lame, put a round Rowel to draw away the Humours, about two Inches below the Point of his Shoulder, in doing which, take care to keep off the Plait-vein, for if you wound that, ’tis an Hun- dred to one but it ftrikes into his Body and mortifies; fc- Veral have died that Way. After you have rowelled him,, you muff let him reft two Days at lead, till the Rowel di- gefts and runs, and then, though lame, you may walk him a little, but it mud be very flow, and he will foom grow well. You muff remember to turn the Rowel eve- ry Morning alter it runs. This Experiment has been oft- en tried with good Succefk Remedies for Horfes. To eafe a Horfe that cannot Jiale on the Road. Sometimes a Horfe cannot flale, and will be in great Pain ; to eafe him, take half an Ounce of Annifeeds bear fine in a Mortar, one handful of Parfley Roots, boil thefer in a quart of old drong Beer, and drain it off, and give k- to the Horfe warm. If your Horfe is drained in the Stifle, (a little Bone up* Qn the Thigh bone, above the infide Bend of the Hough), the Turnip Poultice will infallibly cure it, but by its Situ- ation you will find a Difficulty to keep it on, yet it may be done with a few Yards of Lid.. If it is not well, noc much amended in three or four Days, examine his Hip, perhaps he may he Hip-fhot, but that mud be cured with a Rowel, becaufe you cannot faden a Poultice on that Part. Fird rub the Hip with the two Oils above-mention* ed for a Shoulder-flip, then put a round Rowel about j or 4 Inches below the large Cavity which receives the Head of the Thigh-bone.. When it begins to diged, turn the Rowel every Morning. After a Week or ten Days you may take it out, and keep the Lips of the Wound, moid with Hog’s-lard, that it may heal the fmoother. An excellent Cordial Ball for a Cold in Horfes» Running at the Eyes, and gleeting at the NoftrilSj are* Signs of a Cold ; therefore when you find your Horfe thus taken, cloath him warm, litter him up well, and give hinv the Bignefs of a Hen's Egg of the following Cordial Bail diffolved in a Pint of White-wine, or a Quart of fhong Ale warm. The Farmer s Beft Guide. Take Aa ni feeds and Carraway-feeds finely of each an Ounce, Flower of Sulphur two Ounces, Tuv- merick in fine Powder, an Ounce, Saffron two Drams, Sugar-candy four Ounces, Spanifh Juice diffolved in Hyf- fop Water two Ounces, Oil of Annifeeds half an Ounce, Liquorifh Powder one Ounce and half. Wheat Flower a fufficient Quantity to make a fliff Pafte, and beat all well in a Mortar. This is, in the Opinion of a very great Judge, the beft Ball in the Qniverfe to preferve a Hoi fe in. Health, either gallopping, hunting, or Road-horfe, for it will not, if ufed pretty often, fuffer Worms, Botts, to breed in a Horfe’s Guts, to which they are very If able 5 it llkewife preferves the Blood from the Yellows or Jaun- dice, another Diforder very common to them, and fcarcc any thing is a better Pcdoral. The Cordial Ball. 'An excellent Remedy to cure a Clap in the Back-Jinews* Take a fpoonful or two of Hog’s-lard, or rather Goofe Create, melt it in a Saucepan, and rub it into the Back- ftnew very hot, from the Bend of the Knee to the Fet- lock j make, as you are directed in Page 365, a Turnip Poultice, and tie it on hot from the Fetlock to above the Knee, and let itftay on all Night 3 thus,firft tie the Cloth about the Fetlock, then put in the Poultice, and raife the Cloth and Poultice together till you get it above the Bend of the Knee, twifting the Lift or String round his Leg as you rife, and faften it above the Bend of the Knee ; take it off in the Morning, and put on a frefh one ; at Nteht do the fame. Two or three of thefe Poultices will cure a new Strain, five or fix an old one. If he lias been lame a long Time, the Sinew will be contrafled j this Poultice will relax it. The fame Poultice will alfocure the Fetlock of aliovfe that is caft in his Halter, by being often repeeatd. A Caution to prevent the taking a Clap in the Bachjt- neves far a Shoulder-Jlip, which very often happens. If it is in the Shoulder, he will draw his Toe on the Ground as he walks ; if in the Back-flnew, he will lift it off and ftcp fhort, though downright kme. There does Remedies for Horfes. not happen above one Shoulder flip to fifty Back Anew Strains. Never take a Horfe out of a warm Stable to ride hint into an Horfepond at an unreafonable Hour, either too early or too late, for by that Means he often catches a great Cold. Sometimes upon a violent Cold,, a large Swelling as big as one’s Arm, from the Elbow to the Sheath on both Tides his Belly, will rife; when it fo happens, take, if you van get it, for the Swelling may hinder, half a Pint of Blood or thereabouts from the Spur Vein on each fide then coathe him warmer than ufual, and give him the Annifeed Cordial, Seeds and all, as directed in Page 367, Repeat it for a Day or two, taking fuch Care of him as belongs to a Horfe that has juft caught cold. If the Swelling continues, and Corruption gathers in it,,', you muft let it out with a Plena; he will grow well as his Cold goes off. If after a Day or two you perceive a Riming at his Eyes, and a little electing at his Noftrils, you muft ex- peft to hear him cough. In that Cafe, take a Pint of Blood from hrs Neck in a Morning, and at Noon give an* additional Peed to make Amends for the Lofs of Blood* At Night give him a Mafh over and above his ufual Al- lowance. The next Night give him the Annifeed Cor- dial as before. If his Cough continues three Days, you muft take ano- ther Pint of Blood from his Neck, and to keep it off his Eungs, give him juft before you go to Bed, Ltquorifh Powder an Ounce, Tweet Oil a fpoonfuf, Ethiops Mineral an Ounce, Balfam of Sulphur half an- Ounce, made into a Ball with a little Honey. Cl oath and keep him warm, repeat the Ball next Nighty Which will be fufficient to cure any new-gotten Cold or Surfeit. Feel between his Jaws, and if his Kefnels are AvelleJ, three or four Turnep Poultices, as Page 365,, Will difiolve them, but continue the Annifeed Cordial till he is well. When a Horfehas got a Cold, it fomctimes falls into- his Eyes, which you will know by a Runinng or thick- The Farmers Beft Guide. Glare upon them ; put your Hand to his Noftrlls, and if you find his Breath hotter than ufual, it will then be ne- cefiary to take a little Blood from his Neck ; that is, a Point ora Quart at raoft, unlefs it be very thick and very, hot. It is lafer to take a Gallon at five or fix Bleedings, than two Quarts at once, lor it robs hint of too much ani- mal Spirits. Always bleed a Horfe in a Pint or a Quart Pot,for when you bleed at Random on the Ground, you never can know what Quantity you take, nor what Quality his Blood is of. Prom fitch violent Methods ufed with Ignorance, proceed the Death of a great Number of Horfes. A Pint of Blood for the firft Time is enough, and you may repeat that as you fee Gccafion 5 but you cannot ea- fily reftore the Blood and Spirits you may be too la- \'ifh of. But to return to the Eyes. After you have taken a Pint of Blood from him, get a Quartern Loaf hot out of the. Oven, cut away the Cruft, and put the foft Infide into a lannen Bag large enough to cover his Forehead and Tem- ples ; prels it flat, and bind it on by way of Poultice as hot as may be without fealding ‘y at the fame time fallen fomething of a Cloth about his Neck to keep his Throat warm. Let the Poultice ftay on till it is almoft cold, and repeat it once or twice, then prepare the following Eye- water. Into half a Pint ofßofe or Spring-water, put one Dram ef Tuny finely prepared, one Dram of white Sugar-can- dy powdered,” and half a Dram of Sugar of Lead. With a Feather put a Drop into each Eye Mornings and Evenings. Never blow Powders into die Eyes, always life Li- quids. The next Day, if needful, repeat the Poultice, and for Want of a hot Loaf at any Time, make a Poultice of Bread boiled in Milk, continuing the Eye Water every Day. You may ufe the Turnip Poulttce*nremioaed Page 565,, but you mud not put Greafe into it. If a Film grows over the Eye, put a Scruple of White Vitriol, and a Scruple of Roch AlJuoi, both finely pow- Remedies for Horfes- tiered, into half a Quartern of Spring Water, and with a Heather put a Drop into each Eye Mornings and Even- ings, and it will eat it clean off in three Days, or there- abouts. 373 It is obferved, forae Horfes carry a good Belly for 3 long Time ; others part with their Food before it is well digefted, which makes them fo thin and lank, that they are ready to flip through their Girths; they are called Wafhy. Such Horfes muft be chiefly fed with dry Meat ; that is. Oats and Beans, and but feldomwith Bran ; they alfo will eat as much, or rather more than other Horfes, and you fhould feed them oftner j for being too foon empty, they require it. If you do not gallop a Horfe off his Wind, wc will Venture to fay, it is not a Journey that hurts him, but your Negleft of him when you difmount ; and therefore confider he’s ty’d up, and can have nothing but what is brought to him, for he cannot help himfelf. When you are upon a Journey, always fee your Horfe fed as foon as you can at Night, that he may go to Reft, and he will be the frefher for it in the Mornings and al- ways give two or three Feeds inftead of a large one, for too much at once will cloy him. If at any Time you perceive your Horfe faint,, you may give him a Pint of warm Ale with a Quartern of Brandy, Rum, or Geneva in itor an Ounce of Diapente in it. Diapente will comfort his Bowels, drive out Cold and Wind, andcaufe him to carry his Food the longer. If a Horfe is taken with the Gripes, which he will dil- cover to you by often looking towards his Flanks, and cannot keep upon his Legs, but rolls and beats himfelf about. Teeming, as undoubtedly he is, in very great Mi- fery, do not bleed him unlefs his Breath is very hot, but cfoath him warm immediately, and with a Horn give him half a Pint of Brandy, and as much Tweet Oil, mixed 5 then trot him about till he is a little warm, and it will certainly cure Tome Horfes. If it does not cure yours, boil an Ounce of beaten Pepper in a Quart of Milk, and put half 3 Pound of Butter, and two or three Ounces of Salt, into a Bowl or Bafon, and brew them together, give it r a flier warmer than ufual; it will; purge him in The Farmer s Bed Guide. about half an Hour, and perhaps remove the Fir. If it d«es not, omit the Pepper, and give the fame in quality and quan- tity by way of Glyfter, adding, as it cools, the Yolks of Four Eigs. If he is very bad, and neither will do, boil a Pound of Annifeeds in two Quarts) of Ale, brew it upon a Pound of Honey ; when it is almoft cool enough, put in two Ounces of Diafcordium, and give it with a Horn at three Dofes, allowing about half an Hour between each Dote : If his Fit abates, give him Time to recover ; but if all this does not give him Eafe, and you have Sufpicion of Worms or Bots bred in his Guts, which indeed may be the Caufe, for they fometimes fatten in the Paflage from the Stomach into the great Gut, ftop it, and fo tor- ment him till he dies ; then give him two Ounces of E- thiops mineral made into a Ball, with an Ounce of the Powder of Annifeeds, and a Spoonful of Honey, and it Will cure him. But you mujl not give this to a Mare •with Foal. Never let a Horfe ftand too long without Exercife ; it fills his Belly too full of Meat, and his Veins too full of Blood, and from hence often proceeds the Staggers.. If a Horfe be ffrong, take firft a Pint of Blood from the Neck ; and when you have done that, open one of the Thigh Veins, and from thence take a Quart ; if the Difeafe be fimple, this will cure him, but keep him af- terwards to a moderate cleaning Diet, and by Degrees Barden him with proper Exercife j if he is weak, bleed him lefs in Proportion ; after which, we recommend the following Clyfter from Monf. SolleyJeU. Boil two Ounces of the Scoria of the Liver of Antimo- ny made into a fine Powder, in five Pints of Beer; after five or fix Wambles, remove it from the Fire, adding a quarter of a Pound of Butter or Hog’s Lard, and give it him two or three Times if he will bear it, and it will cure him ; Rub him well down, and give him warm Wa- ter during this Courfe of Phyfick. A Cure for tlot Staggers. Thin skinn’d HoiTes that have been well kept and' fhould never be turned to Grafs above Three- Months in the Year, viz. prom the Beginning of Juveto ihe End of Augujl ; but thick skinn’d Horfes have ftrong Coats, which keep out the Weather, and if well Fed, Will lie abroad all the Year. For walking about to Feed prevents Stiffhefs in their Limbs, and treading in the Grafs keeps their Hoofs moift and cool But they fhould. have a Hovel to come to at Night, or when it fnows or rains. Never purge a Horfe juft taken from Grafs, for it di£ folves or loofens fome tender Fat or Humours, which falls into the Legs or Heels, fo that he rarely ftands dry all the Winter after. But after fix Day's you may bleed hint under a Quart, and at Night give him the Annifeed Cordial, mentioned in Page 367, which is a gentle O- pener. If you needs muft purge a Horfe, for which we would have a good Reafon given, let him not touch cold Water within or without till the Day after it has done working 3 but give him whatever warm Water he will drink, and let the following be the Purge. Aloes an Ounce, Jallop two or three Drams, Oil of Cloves ten Drams, made into a Ball with Honey* A Purge may work thefirft Day, but commonly not till the fecond. We have known them lie three Days it* a Horfe, and work well off at laft. Never ftir him out of the Stable till the Purge has done Working, for there is no Need of Exercife during the - peration, becaufe every Purge will carry it felf off, if you keep him warm, and fupply him with warm Ma/hes, and as much warm Water as he will drink, and as often. When a Purge works too long, or too ftrong upon him, which will weaken him too much, give him an Ounce of Venice Treacle in a Pint of warm Ale, and re- peat it, if needful, to blunt the Force of the Aloes. If a Horfe who once looked fat and fieek, is brought to you with a flaring Coat and hollow Flank, open his Mouth, look on the Roof, and if the Gums next his Fore-teeth are fwelled higher than his Teeth, it will hin- der his Feeding, and make him fall off his Tlefia. Let a Smith bum it down with a hot iron , that is a compleat Cure for the Lampars. Remedies for HoiTes. 375 The Farmers Bed Guide.' If that is not the Caufe, you fhould never ceafe err* quiring till you have found it out, for a Horfe cannot fpeak. From galloping a Horfe too hard when he is full;of Water, often proceeds a broken Wind. The following Remedy, taken from Gibfon, we have oft- en given with great Succefs to a broktn-windtd Horfe,. Mix Linked and Fenugreek frequently in his Corn, and fometimes thofc of Fennel, Carraways, and Anife, and boil in his Water three or four handfuls of Barley, with a little Liquorice or Honey diflblved in it but you muft not often ufe the Liquorice. Exercife him more or lefs every Day, but let it be moderately, and when the Weather is clear. If he be at any time feized with an Oppreffion, and a more than-ordinary Difficulty of Breathing, he fhould have a Vein opened in his Flank,, or on. the Infide of the Thigh, from whence may be taken a fmall Quantity of Blood ; but this muft be done only when there is an ab- fblute Necefllty for it; or the following Balls have been given and continued with great Succefs. Take of Myrrh and Gum Benzoin, of each four Oun- ces, Gum Arabick, the Roots of Orrice, round Birthwort,. and the Shavings of Hartfhorn and Ivory, of each two Ounces, Galangal and Zedoary, of each an Ounce, Fen- nel-feeds, Cummin-feeds, and Fenugreek,, of each an Ounce and half. Let thefe be beat into a fine Powder, and made up into Pafte with Honey or Syrup of Colts-Foot ; then work into the whole an Ounce of the common Balfam of Sulphur, and let them be made into Balls the Bignefs of a large Walnut, whereof one is to be given every Morning and Afternoon, an Hour before Watering Time. The true and only Ufe of Rowels is to diflblve hard Swellings, difeharge and cool Wounds and Bmifes, to draw off and digeft Humours that lodge only between the Fleffi and the Skin } and therefore will never cure the Greafe or Farcy j; of which we fhall here give a De- feripuon. Remedies for Horfes. 377 Heats and Colds thicken the Blood, and the Veins be- ing full, it either turns to the Greafe, and vents at the Heels or Frufh ; or, for Want of Circulation, ftagnates and corrupts in the Veins, fo break through Vein, Skin and all, into Buds of the Farcy* Moft People imagine that the Farcy lies between the Flefh and the Skin j but in our Opinion they are very much miftaken ; for before the Buds break out, the Veins cord, which is a ftrong Prefumption that the Diftemper bath its Origin in the Blood, becaufc there is its firft Ap- pearance. Take a Pint of Blood from any Horfe whofe Veins are corded any where about him, and it will fhew its Corruption as foon as it is cold 5 Bleeding checks the Diftemper, whereas if you do not bleed him, it would break out in every Part about him, from his Ears to the Soals of his Feet, even the Corners of his Eyes, his Yard, and the very Infide of his Hoofs, or where ever there are any Blood Veftels. Thefe Demonflrations oblige us to believe the Diftemper does not lie in the Skin, but in the Veins. For the Cure of the Farcy, look among the Receipts at the End of this Treatife on Horfes. The Glanders proceed from feveral repeated Colds, flich as are catched at Winter Grafs, and by lying long upon the Lungs and Glands, corrupt the Blood, and pro- duce that unhappy Confeqnence of running at the No- ftrils ; for the Cure of which, look among the Receipts at the End of this Treatife on Horfes. The Mourning of the Chine is downright Poverty of Flefh and Blood, which the Severity of the Diftempers, (i. e. Colds) bring on, and may be compared to a lean Man in a Confumption : But there is no fuch Thing as the running of the fpinal Marrow at the Noftrils, as many affirm, for the Veflel that contains the fpinal Marrow is compofed of the fame Coats that inclofe the Brain, and is continued from the Brain without Disjunction, through the Neck and Chine-bones, till it ends in the Dock } fo that there is not the leaft Communication between the fpinal Marrow and the Noftrils. It is much the fame ia human Bodies. 378 The Farmer's Beft Guide. If you would know when a Horfe is in a Fever, there is a Pulfc a little above the Knee, in the Infideof his Leg, which may be felt in thin skinn*d Horfes ; but the belt and fureft Way is to put your Hand to his Noftrils, and difeover it by the Heat of his Breath. There is a Time in Tome Fevers when it is dangerous to bleed and purge j then Clyfters are of excellent Ufe, we mull fay abfblutely necefTary ; but not one in a thoufand will give themfelves the Trouble to relieve the poor fick Creature in that Way, for two Rea/bns, iji. Few People know when a Horfe is in a Fever, idly. They feldom are provided with fo material an Inftrument as a Glyfter-pipe ; there- fore, for the Sake of the Creature, and thofe that love him, the following Clyftcr in a Fever is as good as any, and as little Trouble ; but firft get a Pipe eight or ten Inches long, with a Bore large enough to receive the End of your Finger, and a Rim at one End of the Pipe, that what you tie on may not flip off: Then boil a Spoonful of Oatmeal in two Quarts of Water, together with two Ounces of Senna, add half a Pound of brown Sugar, half a Pint of Sweet-oil, and a handful of Salt. Get a Biad- der that will contain the abovefaid Quantity, and tie its Neck to the Pipe. Pour the Clyfter, with a Funnel, through the Pipe into the Bladder, and give it blood- warm, fetting the Horfe’s hinder Parts higheft. Keep him quiet in the Stable till he voids it; the longer it flays with him the better. If in bleeding you imifs the Vein, don’t ftrike your Plem a fecond Time in the fame Place, becaufe it fome- times makes the Neck fwell, and proves troublefbme to cure ; But the extravafated Blood infallibly makes the Neck fwell, and the Jugular Vein rot quite away from the Orifice up to the Jaw-bone, and downwards almoft to the Shoulder, which may prove the Lofs of a Horfe * therefore you fhould take Care in the Pinning, that you leave not a Drop of Blood between the Flefh and the Skin. The Turnip Poultice, as mentioned in Page 365, makes the beft Cure • but if the Neck fhould happen to be extremely bad, to help the Poultice, you muff put a fmall Hair Rowel two or three inches below the hard Swelling, and continue a Repetition of the Poultice Mor- Remedies for Horfes. 379 ftings and Evenings till it is well : And this is all' that is in the great Wonder of a fvveH’d Neck, that often cofts To many Horfes a long Fit of Illnefs. If you dock a Hovfe, never put under his Tail the Knife or Inftrument which is to cut It off, becaufe you muft then flrike the Tail, which will bruife it ; then it morti- fies, and that is the Reafon fo many Horfes die with Docking. But lay his Tail next the Block, and at one Blow drive the Knife through a Joint, if polUble, and let one {land ready with a hot Iron to fear the End of the Dock and flop Bleeding. There are innumerable Misfortunes which no Man can cure, or human Forefight guard againft. We have here mentioned mod of the common Acci- dents that happen to a Horfe, and have taken Care, that under fome of the Heads tve have treated of, you may find a great deal of help, by the Analogy they have to one another, We have put no Drug or Compofition in here but what is very cheap, and may be had almoft in every Country Town or Village : fo we hope we have left no Difficul- ty on any Body. And we likewife hope, that what we have here fet down on the Cure of Horfes, will be very acceptable and ufeful to ail thofe who may have Occa- fion for them; which done, we fhall add a few more- approved Receipts, fome of which we have referred to, and fo end this Treatife for the Cure of Horfes,, and pro- ceed to thofe of Cattle, &c- RECEIPTS. To cure the Greafe, Surfeits, Lofs of appetite. Cough, Shortnefs of Breath, to purify the Block, and to fatten tired and avafed Hor/es. Give the Horfe two Ounces of Liver of Antimonyj which is Crocus Metallorum unwafhed, in Oats and Bran moiftenedj every Morning for zo Days together. The Farmers Beft Guide. Anoint the Back-bone with Mercurial Ointment every ®ther Day three Times, and give the Horfe Liver of An- To cure the Mange. timony. Give him a Clyßer of Broth, with four Ounces of Soap, and a handful of Salt diffolved in it. For a Horfe that is cojlive. To cure a Scouring. Take Milk Water and ftrong Cinnamon Water, of each half a Pint, Venice Treacle, Diafcordium, of eadr one Ounce, Red Coral prepared half an Ounce ; mix and give it the Horfe. To cure a Pejiilential Fever. Take Milk Water and Plague Water, of each half a Pint, Venice Treacle and Diafcordium, of each an Ounce, Diaphoretick Antimony half an Ounce, Snake-root pow- der’d two Drams; mix and give it the Horlc. Water for inflamed Eye*,' Take half a Pint of Spring Water, add to that the Quantity of an Horfe-bean of White Copperas; and wafh the Eyes with this Water twice a Day; it is of great Ufe. Pirft bleed the Horfe 5 then take Red Precipitate in fine Powder, two Drams, and make it into a Ball with one Ounce of Venice Treacle, and give it the Horfe. After the Ball give him the following Drink. Take Rue two handfuls. Roots of Madder, flaarp poin- ted Dock, of each four Ounces * Chips of Guaiacum Wood, Saflafras, of each two Ounces; boil them in two quarts of Bale Beer to three Pints, then Brain it. Drefs the Knots with Arfenick. Repeat the Ball and Drink every third or fourth Day, for three Dofes, To cure the Farcin or Farcy. Take Mlfletoe, Bale Pifs, Honey, and black Soap ; in- fufe them together a Day or two, and then warm them and walk your Horfe all over for fix Days together; Another. Remedies for Horfes, £Rd if the Diftcmpcr is not got to too great a Head, it Will cure it. 381 Another. Let him Blood on both fides the Neck, and give him this Drink ; Take a Gallon of fair Water, and put in it a good handful of Rue, and a fpoonful of Hemp-feed, being fiift bruifed together in a Mortar, then boil them till half is confirmed j when it is cold, give it him to drink, which being repeated, it will cure him. Steep the Regulus of Antimony in Ale, with a little of the Spice called Grains of Paradice, add a little Sugar j of -which give a Horfe about half a Pint at a Time, two or three Times, with about a Day or two’s Intcrmiffion between each, and it will cure him. Another, To cure the Poll-Evil, and fuelled Neck from Bleeding, Take Ointment of Marfhmallows four Ounces, Mer- cury fublimate Corrofive in fine Powder half an Ounce; mix and apply it to the Parr*. Cordial Balls for a Horfe. r Take AnmTeeds, Cummin-feeds, Fenugreek-feeds, Car- thamus-feeds. Grains of Paradife, Colt’s-Foot, Turme- rick. Juniper Berries in fine Powder, of each two Oun- ces ; Flower of Sulphur, Elecampane Powder, of each four Ounces ; Juice of Liquorifh diflblvcd on the Fire in half a Pint of White Wine, fix Ounces ; Chymlcal Oil of Annifeeds one Ounce, Honey half a Pound, Molo£ fits as much as fufficient to make it into a Pafte. To cure a Gangrene and Mortification. Take of St. John’s Wort, common Wormwood, of each two handfuls: Centaury, Camomile-flowers, of each one handful 5 Bay-berries fix Ounces, Wood-alhes one Pound 5 boil thefe in fix Quarts of Water to a Gallon, and to the ftrained Decoftion add Spirit of Wine one Quart, Camphire one Ounce, diffolved in Spirit of Twr- ifemine four Ounces j bathe ihe Part with woollenCioths The Farmers Beft Guide.’ dipt in this Fomentation, and apply the Cloths hot to the Part, Take Sack one Pint, Venice Treacle, Dlapente, of each an Ounce, Saffron two Drams j mix and give it to the Horfe. This is a very good Cordial for any other Difordcr where a Cordial is proper. Apply outwardly the following Poultice to the Part. Take Milk one Quart, Rye Flower, Oatmeal, of each two handfuls 5 boil them over a gentle Fire till they be thick, then add Turpentine four Ounces, diffolved in the Yolks of two or three Eggs. To cure the Strangles. To cure a Blood Spavin. Take up the Vein above and below the Swelling, then open the Tumour in the Middle. To cure a Quitter Drefs the Sore with Powder of Mercury Sublimate, For a Rheum, or Defluxion of Humours on the Eyes. Rowel the Horfe on both Sides of his Neck, and give him Live.r of Antimony. Mr. Thornton of Bloxham, in Lincolnfnire, Lis Receipt to cure the Heat in a Horje's Mouth. Bleed him in the Roof of his Mouth, and when he has champt five or fix Minutes upon his Blood, wafh his Mouth with White-wine Vinegar and Salt j and after that rub it with Syrup of Blackberries 5 repeat this Unftion of Sjrup two or three Days, two or three Times a Day. Take Liver of Antimony, Gum Guaiacum, Fenugreek Seeds, and Pavfley Seeds, of each four Ounces powder’d fine, Moloffus as much as is fufficient to make it into a Pafte ; give the Horfe the Quantity of a Hen’s Egg eve- ry other Morning, and exercife him well after it, and oiye him warm Water the Days he takes them. Balls to cure the Greafe Remedies for Horfes. Take red Sage one handful. Honey four Ounces; boil them in one Pint of Vinegar, then ftrain it, and add Ai- lom, white Vitriol powdered, of each half an Ounce, Bole Armoniack an Ounce, and apply it to the Part cold. For the Canker, Mr. Nicholfon’s Receipt for Botches or Impofihumations on a Horje, Take Barley Meal, and as much Southernwood dry’d and beat to Powder • mix thefe together with the Yolks of Eggs till it becomes a Salve, then lay it on the Swel- ling, which it will ripen, break and heal. To heal a Wound in a Horfe, from Portman Seymour, Efq; There is nothing better to heal a Wound in a Horfe, than Tallow and Turpentine mixed together. For a Lax or Flux in Horfes, communicated by Sir John Packin gton. Take a Quart of ftrong Beer, and boil in it half a Dram of the Shells or Coverings of the Pomegranate Fruit well dry’d and beat to Powder; to this you may add half an Ounce of Dill Seed. and as much Fenugreek Seed ; pals this through a Sieve, and give the Dofe warm to the Horfe. For the Glanders, to carry them off - from General Sey- mour. Take a Quart of old ftrong Beer, cut a quarter of a Pound of Figs into it, with two Ounces of Liquorifh fl'i- ced } boil them together, and add a Dram of flower of Ginger, and the fame quantity of Elecampane and Pepper Well powder’d j when they are well boiled, put in a quarter of a Pound of Treacle, and as much frefh But- ter, with the Yolks of two Eggs, mixing all well toge- ther 5 give this warm to the Horfe, and keep him warm. Lord Orrery*s Receipt for a Strangury in a Horfe. Take half an Ounce of Annifeeds beaten fine in a Mar- tie Mortar, one handful of Parfley Roots, or in Lieu of The Partner's Beft Guide. them half an Ounce of Parfley Seeds powder’d * boil thefe in a quart of old ftrong Beer, and when it is drained off, put to it a Dram of fine Oyfterlhell Powder, and give the Mixture to your Horfe warm. Sir John Packington’j Receipt for a Drop/ey in a Horfe. Bleed your Horfe in the Neck Vein, and anoint his Pore legs with Train Oil, then turn him to Grafs, having firft given him the following Dofe. A Gallon of old ftrong Beer fet over the Fire till the Scum rifes, take that off, and then add an handful of Wormwood with the Stalks, and boil it to a Quart j then ftrain it, and mix with it three Ounces of Treacle, and put to it an Ounce and half of long Pepper, or Grains of Paradice finely powder’d * mix thefe till the Compofi- tion is warm, and give it him for a Dofe. A Drink to diffblve and bring away the Glanders. Take of Sack one Quart, or for Want thereof, ftrong Beer, Figs four Ounces well fliced, and two Ounces of fliced Liquorifii ; boil them well together, then put in Ginger in Powder, Elecampane and Pepper in Powder, of each one Dram. When it is boiled enough, put in of Treacle five Ounces, and of Butter the fame quantity, the Yolks of two new-laid Eggs beat well together; give it the Horfe lukewarm, and order him as needful. A Dfink to bring away the Glanders when other Drinks have rotted them, and brought them to Suppuration. Take of the beft White-wine Vinegar, and the fhar- peft, put in three whole Eggs, let them lie 24 Hours* then beat them well together. Shells and all, and give it the Horfe. You may do fo two or three Mornings, more or lefs, as you find Occafion, and this will clear off the Glanders, Take of Hog’s-lard, Bole Armoniack, black Soap, and new Oil, of each four Ounces ; put them all into a Skil- let, let the Bole be in fine Powder ; boil them together 3 little while, keeping it ftirred all the Time j put it in a Galh’pt* for Ufe * and when you life it, rub it in well An Ointment for a Strain in the Coffin-^oint. Remedies for Horfcs. with your hand, and then heat It with a red hot Bar of Iron 5 and thus do once a Day till you find Amendment. A Charge for the fame. Take of black Pitch, Burgundy Pitch, and common Turpentine, of each two Ounces, mixt together, and whe a all is melted and incorporated, lay it on with a Spatula round the Joint, as hot as the Horfe can well bear it j clap on Stocks all over it while it is hot, and when this peals off lay on another, if there fhould be Occafion, A Remedy for a Horfe that has broke his Leg. Firft of all, let the Bone together right in its Place - then take of the beft Bole Armoniack finely the Whites of three new-laid Eggs, mix them well toge- ther ; then take fine Tow, and Tpread it finooth upon it a little broader than the Wound, lay it round, and then take four Splinters and fplint it indifferent tight, and fo kt it lie on nine Days (if it do well) before you remove it. Take common Turpentine one Pound, put to it fo ttuich Bole Armoniack and Liquorifti, both in fine Powr* der, with as much Wheat Flower as will make it up into 3 ftiff Pafte. When you have occafion to ufe it, roll it out between your hands, and break oft' from it a Piece ahout the Bignefs of a fmall Walhball, and give the three of them Morning and Evening upon the End Of a Stick, or in a hornful or two of ftrong Beer, till you hnd the Flux of Seed ftopt, which will be in about a Week or fortnight’s Time at fartheft ; But it will be very c°nvenient to purge him very well, and cleanfe his Body **rft of all, before you give him either of thefe Medicines, Hith will not only expedite and haften, but perfeft the Cui efo much the fooner and better. To cure a Horfe that has got the Running of the Reins_ To cure the mad Staggers in a Horfe. The Signs of this Difcafe are thefe ; he will foam Hire Fontn at the Mouth, and will feern dull-headed* and at that Time you will fee a blue Film over his Eyes, he will wander much up and down. The Farmers Bed Guide. Be fure to bleed him in both his Neck Veins, within «one or two Days after you perceive him ill, and in the third Furrow in the Palate of his Mouth, with the Point of your Comet-horn ; you may likewife run an Awl into the Griftles of his Nofe fomething above his Noftrils : The bleeding of the Mouth and Nofe will cafe the Pain in the Head : Then take an handful of Rue, or Herb Grace, three Cloves of Garlick, of Salt and Vinegar, each one handful, and Aquavitae two Spoonfuls ; bruife all ihefe well together,and then put the one half into one Ear, and the other half into the other, with a little Wooll over it j then tie or flitch up with a Needle and Thread the Ear fad with two Lift Garters ; prefently after which. Fume him at the Noftrils through a Funnel with Garlick beat in a Mortar, with Maffick and Frankincenfe mixed * together ; of thefe make Pellets as big as a Bullet, Jay -them on a Chafing-difh of Coals, and the Smoke will go up through the Funnel into the head; and much comfort and cleanfethe Brain. Fume his head three times a day till you find him mend 5 then give him the Water of white Poppies, (which you may have at any Apotheca- ry’s) at each Noftril a Spoonful and half* it will caufe him to lleep. Let him ftand in a warm dark Place where he may fee no Light. Let him have Oats and Mafhes of ground Malt, and let his Drink be cold Water. The Quitter-bone grows above the Top of the Hoof ©a the hinder Foot, and fometimes on the Inftep, juft above the Hoof on the Side of the Foot. Firft, Take up the Vein in the Small of the Leg :If it be on the Inflde of the Leg above the Hoof, take up the Vein on the Infide of the Leg. If it be on the Out- fide, then take up the Vein on the Outfide, After you have taken up the Vein, let him bleed well, and put into the Wound fome Butter and Salt; then with a little ToW or Hurds, or a Linnen Cloth wound about the End of your Inftrument, fearch the Quitter bone to the bottom; and where you perceive the Matter to come out, there put in your Inftrument. When you have fearched the Wound, and made it clean, put into it fome Powder of To tare a Quitter Bone. Remedies for Horfes. 387 Mercury Sublimate, then lay a little Tow upon the Top, With a Linnen Cloth next, and a Woollen Cloth ovec ail, tied faft that it may not come off, which repeat once a Day till the Core of the Quitter-bone is removed j which When you fee, make this Medicine to heal it up. Take of Honey an Ounce, put it into a Pipkin, and when ic begins to be hot, put in of fine Verdigreafe in fine Pow- der two Drams, and three or four Spoonfuls of White- Wine Vinegar ; boil them together for half an Hour, then take it off the Fire, and when it is cold, take a little fine Tow and dip into it, and put it into the Wound, and lay a little dry Tow or Hurds over that, and a Linnen Cloth over them ; bind them on with a String, and fo drefs ic once a Day, till you fee it begins to heal j then drefs ic but once in two Days. To take away any Rheum from an Horfe's Eye, and to clear it. Take frefh Butter and Salt, of each a like Quantity,' mix them well together, and take about the bignefs of a fmall Walnut and put it into the Horfe’s Ear, on thac Side that the Rheum is of; and if the Rheum be in both Eyes, put it into both Ears, and it will dry up the Rheum and clear his Eyes ; but obferve to few up his Ears clofc. Or elfe he will fhake it out. To cure a Bite or Stroke in a Horje's Eye. Take of Honey, Ginger in a very fubtile and the Juice of Celandine, of each a like Quantity} mix: them well together, and put it into his Eyes with a Fea- ther twice a Day, For the Eye-lids of a Uor/e that are /welled, and the Ini fide turned outwards. If you fhould meet with a Horfe whofe Eye-lids are fo that the Infides of them are turned outwards, ve- ry red, and, as it were, full of Blifters, and yet the Ball of the Eye found and good, keep him very warm with a hood of Linnen Cloth upon his Head, and then anoint his Eyes twice a Day with white Sugar-candy, Honey, and white Water j and in two or three Days Time they 388 The Farmers Beft Guide. will turn into their Places again. Then bleed him well in the Neck, for it is bad Blood and a cold Rheum that is the chief occafion of this Diftemper being fettled in the .Head, Do not clip or meddle with the blifter’d Bladders, or any Part of the Eye, left you fhould put out his Eyes, or endanger his Life, or at leaft caufe your Horfe to be Jblear-ey’d. To cure the Splint, Spavin, Curb, or any hard Swelling. Take .Nerve Ointment four Ounces, Mercury fubli- mate corrofive in fine Powder half an Ounce, Camphire two Drams diflblved in Oil of Origanum half an Ounce ; mix and apply it to the Part every other Day. For the Curb, you muff leave out the Mercury fubli- nrate, and apply it every Day. To cure a dry husky Cough, which will caufe a Horfe to caf out the Filth or Corruption at his Nofrils. Take a Head of Garlick, and peel every Clove very clean, then put them into a Linnen Cloth, and boil them in a Quart of Milk till the Garlick becomes tender j take it off, and ftrain it till you have fqueezed the Garlick d fall to feeding. For the Knowledge of a fat Bead, handle his hindmofl Rib • and if it be foft and loofe like Down, it fhows he is outwardly well fed ; the like doth foft buckle-Bones, and a big Neck round and knotty ; if bis Cod be big and full, it fhows he is well tallowed, and fo doth the Crop behind the Shoulders: If it be a Cow, handle her Of Oxen, Cows, and Calves. 400 The Farmer s Beft Guide. Navel, and if that be big, round and Toft, ’tis a Sign Che Is well tallowed. Many other Obfervations there are to know fat Cattle, but thefe Dull fufficc. Direftions to keep Beajls and other Cattle. For keeping of Cattle to the mod Advantage, there fhould be feveral Clofes of Padure Ground to put them in, which fhould be well enclofed and fenced about with Ditches or Hedges, the better to fever and keep a-part the greated and dronged Cattle from the weak and fmall ones, efpecially in the Winter, when they are foddered; for if all Sorts and Sizes go together, the great and drong ones will out-mader the others, driving them from place to place, and trampling and fpoiling more Fodered than they Eat; and by being foddered abroad, if fevered] as aforefaid, far lefs will ferve them than if kept at Houfc, and the Cattle will thrive the better; beddes it is an Im- provement to the Ground, How to difpofi of Cattle at Pajlure. Neither Cattle, Horfe, or Sheep, put into a Field alone, will eat down the Padure even, except it be over-dockt, and that is not Good ; therefore it is convenient to put Horfes and Beads together, for there is fome Grafs that an Horfe will cat that a Bead will not : But Horfes and Sheep will not agree well together, both being fvveet Feeders, and clofe Biters. Milch Cows and Draught Oxen Feed clofer and bearer than thofe that are Fat. If a Milch-Cow have too much Meat, and grow Fat, fhc will abate her Milk, and go to Bull; and if a Cow be Fat at her Calving it endangers the hurting her; and where there is too much Grafs the Cattle Feed the worfer ; for a Bite to the Earth is diffident ; for if it be long they will Bite off the Top and no more, for that is fvveet, and the other lieth on the Ground and rots, fo that no Bead Will eat it, but Horfes in the Winter, Rules fir Buying Cattle. ' If you would buy Oxen for the Plough, Jet them be youpg and free from Difeafes, nor broken of Hair, Tail, or Fizzle. If Cows for the Pail, let them be alfo young. ■well fhaped, ;hin skin’d, with good Dugs and Udders* In buying lean Oxen for Grafing, chufe thofe that arc young, or at lead thofe that are well mouthed, and not wanting any Teeth ; alio inch that have broad Ribs, a thick Hide, and loofe Skin'd. Alfo in buying Cattle ei- ther Fat or Lean, endeavour to know where they were bred ; for if they come off from better Ground than that you defign them for, they will not thrive, but rather grow worfe j and likewife fee if they are free from Mur- rain, or any Difeafe. Now for the Prefervation of Cattle In good Health, it is good to jet them Blood, (except the Calves) every Spring and Fall, the Moon being in any of the lower Signs } and alfo to give them a Drench made of the Pickle of Olives, mixed with a Head of Garlick bruifed therein. And for your Calves, let them not go too early to Grafs. ButDifeafes being common amongft Cattle, I lhall here take Notice of them, and give Direftions and Remedies for their Cure. Remedies for Oxen, Cows, &C. A general Drink either fer Ox, Cow, or Calf, that is ill. Take three or four Garlick Heads, a Quart of new Milk, three Spoonfuls of Tar, and two Spoonfuls of Sweet Oil j infufe them for fome Time, and give it at one Dofe. A Cure for the Murrain, or Plague among Cattle. Take of the Herb of Angelica one Handful, of Rue the fame Quantity ; chop them together j then take of Tar half a Pirn, of Soap four Ounces, and Salt half an Handful; and make it into an Eleffuary, and give it to every Bead the Quantity of a fmall Egg, rubbing their Nofes with Tar. You may perceive this, when Cattle of this fort Ho not thew the Cud, which is occafloned through the Want of Digeftion j they then forbear their Meat, and do not lick themfelves as ufual ; their Eyes are dull, and they have frequent Belchings. To cure this, or reftore them to their Appetite, ufe the following Medicine, viz. Take of Rue and Pellitory of Spain, of each one Hand- 0/ the Lofs of appetite in Cows and Oxen. 402 ful, of Featherfew, Horchound, Red Sage, and Bay Salt, of each a Hke Quantity; put thefe Ingredients into five Pints of Ale Wort, and boil them for a fhort Space; and then {training off the Liquor, give about a Pint at a Time Milk-warm to each Beaft every Morning, not fuffering them to drink till the Afternoon. The neglefting of this Diftemper will occafion the Beaft to be violently pained, which one may perceive by its fuddenly ftarting from one Place to another j which when you perceive, there is no better Remedy than to tie his Tail clofe by the Body, as tight as pofttble, giving him then a Pint of ftrong White Wine, with half a Pint of Olive Oil, driving him afterwards a Mile or two as faft as you can get him along; and after Tome little refting, drive him yet a Mile farther, which will occafion the Medicine to operate. The Farmers Bed Guide. A Remedy for a Cow that is Back-Jirainsd, or has the Running. Take Comfrey, Archangel, Knot-grafs, Plantain and Shepherd’s Purfe, a handful of each j boil thefe, tied up in Bunches, in about five Pints of Ale Wort, or for want of that, in middling Beer, free fromYeaft, till the Liquor is ftrong of the Herbs; then add an Ounce of Annifeeds, and about a quarter of a Pound of Bole Armoniack finely powdered; when thefe have boiled again, put in about half a Pound ofTreacle, and when it isftrained, or palled through a Sieve, give half the Liquor to a Cow in the Morning, and the other half the Morning following, not fuffering her to drink till the Afternoon. This Diftemper is not unlike the Running of the Reins in other Creatures. O/ the Dijlemper called the Tail- The Dlfeafe called the Tail, is by Tome Farmers cal- ed the Wolf. This is difcover’d by a Softnefs between fome of the Joints of the Tail, appearing as if the Joints had been feparated from one another, or fome of the Ligaments broken. You ought particularly, where you are apprehenfivc of this Cafe, with your Finger and Thumb to feel between every Joint of the Tail; and where you find any Divifi- Remedies for Oxen, Cows, &c. on or Opennefs between the Bones, or any remarkable Soft* nefs between the Joints, to flit that Part with a fharp Knife lengthways, on the under Side of the Tail, about two Inches, laying in the Wound the following Compofition. Sea, or common Salt, Wood Soot, and Garlick, well beaten and mixed together, of each a like Quantity, bind- ing them up with a Bit of Linnen Cloth. When a Beaftis troubled with this Diftemper, you may be fare he will lofe his Flefh more in a Day, than he can recover in a Week or ten Days. The Remedy is, in the fiift Place, to keep them from drinking much. And, Secondly, to give them little Meat the firft Day j or, as fome would have, keep them fafting for twelve Hours at leaft. There are fcveral Drinks which you may give them on this Occafion, that have been experienced to be extremely ferviceable to them, fuch as the follow- ing, 'VIZ. The Stones of Grapes, or Raifins, beaten to Powder, to the Quantity of a Quarter of an Ounce, and boiled in' a Quart of ftrong Ale or Beer, may be given warm in a Morning. For want of this, you may ufe as much of the inner Bark of Oak boiled with ftrong Ale or Beer Wort, or ftrong Malt Drink free from Yeaft, ftrained after boyling, and giving them about a Quart in a Morning, being firft fweetened with an Ounce of coarfe Sugar well dried be- fore the Fire. Some chafe to boil in this Mixture a Hand- ful of Wormwood, and an Ounce of Bole Armoniack- We have another Receipt relating to the fame Cafe, Which is likewife very fuccefsfull, 'viz. Take Rue, Red Sage, and Roman Wormwood, if you can get it, or otherwise our common Wormwood may ferve; Hired of each of thefe one Handful, and boil them half an Hour in Ale Wort, or good Drink free from Yeaft; then put in 4 Ounces of Bole Armoniack, about an Ounce of the Grains powdered, with a Piece of Butter without Salt j let thefe boil a little, and give half the Quantity to a Cow or Bullock in the Morning, keeping them from Water two or three Hours afterwards 5 and then miffing a Day, give them the other half. Of the Flux, or Lask, or Scower, in Cattle. 404 The Farmer s Bed Guide. Some Farmers, when they perceive this among their Cattle, rightly judge, that if not foon removed, it may prove of dangerous Confequence ; and therefore in the Beginning give them the following Medicine, viz, A Pint of Barley Meal, the Yolk of an Egg, and two or three Ounces of Raifms, boiled in an Quart of Ale Wort, and well mixed together, for them to take in the Morning fading t always fuppofmg that the grofler Parts mull be taken out of the Draught before you give it to the Cow or Ox -r as the Raifms in this Cafe, for Example. Another Method which is famous among the Country People, is, to take a large Handful of Hyffop, and boil it in Water, afterwards draining the Water from the Hyflbp, and mixing it either with Wheat Flower, or Bar- ley Flower, and to give it the Bead to drink. Or elfe. You may boil Hyffop in Ale Wort, about the fame Quantity, and give it a Cow or an Ox that has a Cough with good Succefs. Sometimes thefe Cattle, when they have a Cough, will be led into a Confumption of the Lungs; to prevent which, fetter them in the Dew-lap, and give them two Ounces of the Juice of Leeks boiled in a Quart of Ale. In defperate Cafes, boil the Seeds of Fenugreek, of Anife, and Bay Berries, of each half an Ounce, and Madder two Ounces, in two Quarts of good Ale, free from the Yeaft, till the Liquor lofes a fourth Part. It mud be noted, that the Madder and Seeds mud be well heated and mixed together, before you put them into the Ale ; and after the Liquor is palfed through a Sieve,, while it is yet warm, fweeten it with Treacle, and give it in the Morning. Of the Cough in Co'wj or Bullocks. You may know when a Cow or Bullock has a Fever, by the watering of their Eyes, their Heads will be hea- vy, their Pulfation quick, and their Body much hotter than ufual : Moreover, you may obferve a vifcous Li- quid to fall from their Mouths. The Morning following let them Blood in the Tail, and an Hour after give him the following Medicine, vix. Of the Fever in a Cos healed. This is an Oil generally ufed by the Viper- catchers. Some make the following Plaifter, of Bole Armontack, Sanguis Draconis, Barley Meal, with the Leaves of Plan- tain flared fmall, or beaten together in a Mortar, and 414 The Farmer's Beft Guide. then beat up with Whites of Eggs. This ferves as a Plaifter to be laid on frefh and frelh every Morning and Evening, Of the falling down of the Palate. When a Beaft labours hard and wants Water, he is commonly attack’d with the Falling down of the Palate * he will yet endeavour to eat, but to little Purpofe, To remedy this, the Beaft muft be caft, and you may then thvuft up the Palate with your Hand * and aflbon as that is done, bleed him in the fame Place* and anoint the wounded Part with Honey and Salt well mixed together, turning him then to Grafs, for dry Meat is by no Means proper for him. A Remedy for Bruifes in Cattle. Take Brooklime two Handfuls, chop it final}, and boil it in Tallow or in Hog’s-lard for fifteen Minutes, and ap- ply it warm to the aftefted I lace. A Mixture for a Lamenefs in a Cow or Bullock, or when they are fhoulder-pitched, or cup-fprung. Take Oil of Turpentine two Ounces, Oil of Peter and Oil of Spike, of each the like Quantity ; mix thcfe with fix Ounces of Linfeed-oil, and anoint the grieved Place once every Day till it is well. Or, Take Nerve oil and Linfeed oil, of each a like Quan- tity; mix them well together, and anoint the injured Part once a Day, keeping the Mixture warm whilft you ufe it A Drink for Cows and Bulloch that are Shrewbitten, cr bitten by mad Dogs or Pipers, Take of Rue, the (mailer Centaury, Box, and St .Johns Wort, of each one Handful ; boil thefe in fix Quarts of Ale Wort till the Liquor is ftrong of the Herbs, then ftrain it off, and add a Quart of Water to it ; then add five Ounces of the Flower of Sulphur, and of Cow-fpice three large Spoonfuls, with one Spoonful of Oyfterfhell- powder. This will ferye for fix Dofes» Remedies for Oxen, Cows> ire. •d Salve or Charge for any Wound by a Stub or Thorn, 'where fotae Tarts of them are fuppofed to lodge in the Wound. 415 On thefe Occafions, take black Snails from Commons,, or, as Tome call them, black Slugs, with as much black Soap ; beat thefe together till they are well mixed, and firakc a Salve, which apply to the Wound. When the Bone is fet right, or put into its true Place* hie the following Preparation, viz.. Burgundy Pitch and Tallow, of each a like quantity ; put to them as much Linfeed-oil, as when they are well mixed, will make a Salve or Charge to be plaiftered over the affiided Part. For a Beaft that has a Rone broken or mi (placed, When this is laid on, fplent it, and cover it with 3; Woollen Cloth, and keep it on twenty Days, in which Time the Bone will be well knit. A Purge for a Cow or Bullockc Take Butter, Tar, and Honey, with a little Caftile Soap; mix thefe well together, and give the Mixture in Balls as big as Pidgeon’s Eggs ; two Balls in a Morning. 0/ the breeding of Milk in Cows, and the If ay to pro- mote it. Draw a Whey with ftrong Beer and Milk, in which boil Annifeed and Coriander-feed finely beaten to Pow- der, with an Ounce of Sugar-candy well pulverifed j give a Quart of this Medicine to a Cow every Morning, which Will not only make her Milk fpring freely, but will great- ly increafe it.. When this Diftempcr attacks any Beaft, it will fall! from its Meat, quickly grow lean, and have a contiiiliai Scowring.. To remedy this Diftemper, take Bay-berries finely pul- Prized, Myrrh, Ivy Leaves, Featherfew, and the Leaves °f Elder \ put thefc into frefh human Urine, with a Lump of yellow Clay, and a little Bay Salt ; mix themt vvell together, and give a Pint each Morning warm to the Beaft. 0/ the Ret in Oxen or Conus.. 416 The Farmer’s Beft Guide. Take two quarts of ftrong old Beer, in which put an Handful of the Shoots of young Elder, with two Hand- fuls of the Bark taken from the woody Part of the com- mon Black-berry Bufh ; boil thefe gently till half of the Liquor is confumed, then ftrain it off, and keep it for Ufe. A Remedy for pvjollen Cods in a Bull. When you ufe this, bathe the Parts Morning and E- vening with the Liquor made pretty hot, and bind upthe grieved Part afterwards in a double Ltnnen Cloth that has been dipped in the Liquor, Take Oak, fhave off the outer Bark, and boil it in Spring Water till it is red, as alfo Comphrey, Shepherd’s Purfe, Plantain, Sage, green Hemp or Nettles, of each an Handful, and boil them with the Bark, ftrain it, and put a good Handful of Salt in the Water, as alfo fome Al- lora, Bole Arraoniack, Chalk, or the Powder of Sea-coal. If your Beaft is weak, give lefs than a qflart ; if ftrong, more ; once often ferves, but twice will furely cure the Beaft, Give it her Juke-warm. For a Cow that pijfes Blood. Another. Toaft a Piece of Bread, and cover it well with Tar, and give it. It is occafioned, *tis faid, by their broufing on Oak Leaves, &c. Put a Frog down a Cow’s Throat, and drive her next Way into the Water, and fhe will direftly pifs clear. For a Blain in a Coni. When firft taken, they Stare and Foam with their Tongues out of their Mouths j then immediately prick her in the Nofe, or bleed her in the Neck, which will keep her alive 24 Hours; then take a Handful of Salt in about a Pint of Water, and give it her, putting immedi- ately a whole Egg down her Throat ; Sometimes they have it behind under their Tail, when a Blifter will ap- pear ; this is cured by running your Hand down her Fun- dament clofe fingered, and brought wide out, which breaks the Blain within. If this is not prefently difeover- cd3 it kills them. Remedies for Oxen, Cows, &c. For the black or red Water in Covjs, a Dijlemper next to the p 'tjfing of Blood. Take a Piece of Iron, heat it red hot In the Fire, and put it into two Quarts of Milk j then let the Milk coof, and give it the Beaft blood-warm, and it will bind up the bloody IfTue after two or three times giving. For a Cow that /rains in Calving, when their Calf- haulm, Udder, or Bag, will come down and /well as much as a blown Bladder. Take new Milk, and ftrew therein Lin feed bruited to Powder, or Chalk, or Pepper, but Linteed is beft; put it up with your Hand, and let her hinder Parts Hand higheft for two or three Days. For a Cow, who by lying on the Earth, and too foon drinking cold Water after calving, her Calf haulm /wells, and lies over the Neck of the Bladder, flopping the Urine that Jhe cannot ft ale, or jland on her Feet. Take two. Sacks, or a Winding-cloth, put it under her Body, fallen a Rope to it, and put it over a Beam in the Barn, and draw her up that fhe cannot touch the Ground with her Feet j then let a Woman anoint her Hand, and work the Calves Haulm from the Bladder, that the Water- may have a Paftage. Give her warm Bedding, warm. Drinks, and warm Cloaths., For a Cow that cannot Glean. Take a large Handful of Pennyroyal, and boil it a* three Pints of Ale, then ftrain it, and put one Pound of Treacle into it, and let it juft boil, take it off, and put a Halfpenny worth of Flower of Brimftbne into it, lb- give it in a Horn to a Cow. Inftead of Pennyroyal'yom may ufe Southernwood. To cure Swellings, or fnarled Bags in a Cowt Take Rue and Adders-tongue, (Vamp them and fqueeze out the Juice ; mix this with a Pound of Prefix Butter from the Churn without Salt, and makedtt mto an Ointment, This is an excellent Remedy,. The Farmer s Beft Guide. You muft take a Pint of Verjuice, and Clay that Is burnt till it be red, or very well burnt Tobacco-pipes ; pound them to Powder, and fearfe them very finely, put to it a little Powder of Charcoal, then blend them toge- ther, and give it the Calf,, and he will mend in a Night’s .Time for certain. For a fucking Calf that Jcoutereth Give them a Trough of Barley Meal, and it will whiten gnd fatten them. Some give them Oats in Troughs all the Time of their Sucking ; and the Night before they have them to Marker, cut a Piece of the Tail, and tic it up with a Shoemaker’s End ; and when at Market, will give them a Cram or two of Flower mixed with Claret, which keeps them from fcowering, To feed Calves vthile they fuck. Of Sheep and Lambs. SHEEP ckferve the next Place, if not the Priority, on account of the great Benefit accruing by them, efpe- cially if Fortune favours to keep them found, in a three- fold Manner ; Firft for Food ; next by their Wood for Cloathinig ; and Thirdly, by dunging and manuring the Ground, being Folded thereon, to the great Enrichment thereof. Therefore IF you would ftockyourfelf with good Sheep, you muft have Regard to the Nature of the Soil where you dwell; for according to the Earth and Air, Sheep do after their Nature and Properties ; the barren becoming good in rich Soils; fo that if you would have Sheep of a Staple of Wooll, buy thofe of Herefordshire about Lemp- Jier Parts; alfb in that Part o{ Woreejier(hire bordering upon Shropshire ; yet thofe Sheep are very little of Bone, are black Faced, and bear fmall Fleeces. The Sheep a- bout Cotfall-Hill are better boned, Shape and Burthen ; but their Staple is coarfer and deeper. The Sheep in that Part of IVcrcefter(hire joining to Warwickshire, and many Parts of W.arwicklhire-) alfo all Leicejierjhire, Buckmg- Of Sheep and Lambs. 419 hamfhlre, and that Part of Not thigh amjhire which is ex- empt from Sherwood Forcd, are large boned, of a good Shape, and deeped Staple, efpecially if they be Padure Sheep, but their Wool! iscoarfer than that of Cotfal. Lin* coln/hire, efpecially in the Salt Mar dies, produce alfo large- Sheep, but not the bed Woolh All thefe large fized Sheep, efpecially Weathers, find good Vent amongd the London Butchers, to the no final! Profit of the Grazier. The Sheep in Torkfhire, and fo Northwards, ate of rea- fonable big Bone, but of a Staple rough and hairy; and the Welfh Sheep are generally edeemed the word4of all, for they are both little and of a worfe Staple, but their Flefh is excellent for its fweet Tade. The Sheep of Dor*. Cetfhire are edeemed for bringing two Lambs at a Timea, and arc good fized Sheep. Therefore the Natures and Properties of the Sheep of the fcveral Counties being known, when you intend to dock your Grounds, be fure to bring your Sheep from a Worfe Soil to a better, and not from a better to a worfe; for* the Ground or Lear on which the Sheep lieth, and gives him his Colour, is much to be regarded ; the Red ■< Lear is edeemed the bed,- the Dusk iffi chat inclines to a; little Redd ifh is tolerable good ; but the white or dirty Lear is altogether bad. In the Choice therefore of your. Sheep, chufe the bigged'boned, with the bed Wool!, pro- vided your Ground be fit for them, as before taken No- tice of. In the Choice of your Sheep for Breed, be fureto have* good Rams, for they either mar or make a Flock ; ,andl for Shape, fhould be long and farge of Body, with at broad and well rifing Forehead,; A cheavful large Eyea, broad back’d, round Buttocks, a thick Tail, Abort jointed Legs, and his Body well covered over with thick Woolf;; above all, ’tis the Opinion of fome, to chufe him without Horns, for the Coder Sheep prove the heft Breeders, and! their 10tie doth never endanger the Ewes in Yeaning,as, the Horned Sheep do.- The beft Time for your Ews to lamb in (if thby be • Laftctrc Sheep) is about- the latter End of .and fo > to the Beginning of June 5 but if they be Held Sheep,, fhsa. from..the Beginning of January to the End of : 420 March, to the End their Lambs may be ftrong and able* before May-Day, to follow their Dams over the Fallow Grounds, for thofe that lamb very early, require great Care in looking after, with no final! Charge to bring them up at Houfe with good Fodder. About Michaelmas is a good Time to geld thofe that you defign for Weathers* firfl making choice of.the.good- lieft for Rams. The Farmer s Guide. The beft Time to fheer Sheep is from. ’June to jiu- guji, and always wafh them three Days before Shearing. Ewes are generally good Breeders from three Years old until their Mouths break. For the Prefervation of your Sheep* Feed them for the Generality upon high or hilly Grounds, which are dry and fertile, with fhort but fweet Grafs. But if you are con- ftrained to feed on low and moift Grounds, which are in- fectious, then bring not-your Sheep from the Fold until the Sun is rifen, and that the Beams begin to exhale the Dew from the Earth ; and then fuffer them not to feed at firft, but chafe them gently up and down with your Dog until they are weary ; and this Chafing not only beats away thofe Webs, and Mildews, that hang upon the Grafs, which occafions the Rottenefs of Sheep, but alfo ftirreth up that natural Heat in a Sheep, which drinketh up and wafteth that Moifture which otherwife would turn to Rot- tennefs ; befides, a Sheep thus chafed and wearied, will fall to his Food with more Deliberation. If your Shepherd once in about a Month, or when he bath Occafion to handle his Sheep, do rub their Mouths with Bay-fair, ’tis a great Prefervation againft Sicknefs. But in as much as Difeafes are common amongft them, I fhall take Notice of the principal, with Directions foe their Cure. The Signs So know a found Sheep, as alfo an ttnjound One. If a Sheep be found and In Health, his Eyes will be bright and chearful,. the White pure without Spot, and the Strings red, his Gums alfo will be red, his Teeth white, his Skin on his Brisket red, his Skin in general will be loofe, and his Wooll fa ft fet on. But if unfound, his Remedies for Sheep and Lambs. Eyes will be heavy, pale, and (potted, his Bread and Gums white,, his Teeth foul and yellow, and his Wool! eafy to pull off ; and when he is dead, his Belly will be full of Water, his Fat yellow, his Liver putrided, and bis Fledi mold and water!fh. To prepare Tar to apply outwardly to Sheep, for the Scab or the Ray. Tar may be either mixed with the Greafe of Poultrey, or Goofe-greafe, or Hog’s-lard, or Butter that has been made up without Salt : To every Pound of Tar yoa may ufe half the Quantity of either of the former, which mud be well mixed together. Some chufe to melt their gutter to Oil, before they mix, it with the Tar; and it mixes the better, and is more healing. To make Broom Salve, an excellent Remedy for the Scab,, or any other Oifiemper that appears on the Skin of Sheep. This Salve is of great Ufe to fiich as have large Flocks of Sheep ■> it anfwers the End of prepared Tar, and is much cheaper, where Broom is to be had. To make this : Take twenty Gallons of Spring Water from a Gravelly Soil, rather than any other, or in the Room of that, as much clear River or Rain Water; put to this, of Green Broom Tops, Stalks, Leaves, and Flow- ers, fhred fmall, about ten Gallons, and let it funnier or boil gently till it becomes of the Confidence of a Jelly, Or till it be pretty thick • then add of dale human Urine two Quarts, and as much Beef or Pork Brine, made ftrong of the Salt ; and to thefe add about two Pounds of Mutton-fuet well melted and cleaned j dir thefe well together for about a Minute or two, till the Suet is mixed, and then drain all off into fitch a Veflel as you think conve- nient, to be kept for Ufe. How to ufe the Broom Salve for the Ray and Scab in Sheep, This Salve is very fpeedy and certain in curing the I)i- -ftcmpers* called the Ray and the Scab in Sheep., *The Far nitres Beft Guide.. 422 If you ufe either this, or. the other prepared Tar to a Sheep when it is in full Staple, that is, before it islhorn, divide the Wool, that you may fee tire inflamed Parr, and anoint it well, and the Parts about it, at leaft half an Inch round ; then clofe the Wool! again, and the Diftem- per will ceafe, and the Wooll not be difcoloured. When a Sheep is troubled with the Scab, you may pre> fently difcover it by its rubbing the diftemper’d Partagainft Trees or Polls, and with his Horns; and as foon as you perceive this, you fhould apply either of the prepared Ms* dicines. The Broom Salve is alfo of great Ufe in deftroying the Ticks or Sheeps Lice, and the Wooll will not be the worfe- for Sale. If you ufe this Salve to Sheep newly fiiorn, 'let it be warmed, and wafh the infeded Part with a Sponge, ,or woollen Rag dipped into it. But as the Scab in Sheep proceeds chiefly from poor Diet, lo when we apply this outward Remedy,give them, frefh and good Failure; for good Food will help the Cure,, as well as prevent the Evil Sheep delight in fhifting their Failure often, and if they have Plenty, they will take on- ly that which is wholfome for them ; otherwise they will be forced to eat fuch Herbs as may prove injurious to them. 7o cure the Skit or Loafenefs in Sheep Take Salt, Allom, or Chalk, and give it in final! Drink or Water, and it will knit and help them pre* fently. To prevent and cure the Rot in Sheep.. Take a Peck,or better of Malt, and mafh it as though, you would brew it into Beer or Ale, and make eleven or twelve Gallons of Liquor, then bpil in this Liquor a good. Quantity of Herbs called Shepherd’s Purfe, Sage, Com* frey. Plantain, Pennyroyal, Wormwood, and Blood- wort, of each a good Quantity, and boil them in the faid Liquor very well, then flrain them forth, and put a little Yeaft, therein ; after that put,a Peck of Salt, and tun and put it-up in a Veffel. Then give it your. Sheep in wet Weather after yfpril comes in, Teven or eight fpoon* fuls apiece once.every Week i if .it be dry W.eathe»q .you Remedies for Sheep and Lambs. Used not fo often ; and thus continue till May or after, as you fee Caufe, according to the Drynefs or Wetnefs of the Weather, Give them now and then a little Tar mixed with Herb de Grace chopped, and it will cleanfe the Bowels of much Corruption, and be healthful to the Blood. To deftroy Ticks or Tickets in Sheep, 'which annoy and fpoil their Skins, and keep them low in Plejh. Take the Roots of the common Wood-maple, or Acer minus, cut it in Chips, or grind it, and make a Decoftion of it in common Water, the Quantity of about an Ounce, to a Pint of Water, which muft be drawn clear from the Root as Toon as it is cold ; This Water being applied to the Skin of the Sheep where the Ticks happen to prevail moft, is a certain Deftroyer of them. We need not tell a bred Shepherd that the Wooll muft be firftgently open- ed wi h the Fingers before the Liquor is applied. Some ufc a Linnen Cloth that has been wellfoaked in it;, others*, apply this with a Sponge to the Sheep immediately after they are fhorn, to prevent the Ticks for the future, and even deftroy the Eggs of the Ticks which may-remain upon the Body of the Sheep. The Worm in the Foot fhews itfelfby a Swelling be* tween the two Claws, which makes the Sheep go lame 5 therefore when you find a Sheep lame of any Foot, you are to examine between the Hoofs, and if.he is troubled With this Diftemper, you will find a Hole big enough to admit a Pin’s Head, in which you may obferve five or fi* black Hairs about an Inch long; then with a ftiarp point- ed Knife open the Skin a Quarter of an Inch on each fide of the Hole, and by prefling it gently with your Thumb above the Slit, take hold of the black Hairs with the o- ther Hand, and there will come out a Worm like a fo- lid Piece of F'efh, about two or three Inches long The Wound muft afterwards be anointed with Tar to heal irs or you may life the. Broom Salve, inftsad of Tar, Of the Worm in the Foot, and the Cure. The Farmer s Beft Guide- Of the Cough in Sheep. When Sheep are troubled with the Cough and Shorf- nefs of Breach, bleed them in the Ear,, and take fome Oil of Almonds and White-wine, which mix well together, and pour into their Noftrils about a fpoonful at a Time. You may add, that when Sheep are thus afflided with a Cough and Shortnefs of Breath, they are fubjcd to be (cabbed a- bout their Lips; the Remedy for which is, to beat Uyf- fop and Bay-falt, of each a like Quantity together, and rub their Lips, their Palates and their Mouths with it: But if there fhould be any ulcerous Places, anoint them with Vinegar and Tar well mixed together. A Remedy, when Sheep happen to fw allow any 'venomous Worm, Horfe Leach, or poyjonons Herb, When Sheep have happened to eat any thing that oc- cafions their Body to fwell, bleed them in the Lips, and under the Tail, giving them a large fpoonful of Oil olive, or fharp White-wine Vinegar, or two good fpoonfuls of human Urine from a found Perfon. ufgainfi the Murrain Take Wormwood Flowers dried, or of Rue, mix them with common Salt, and give it to fuch Sheep as are in- fected, or are in Danger of being infefted.. About a Dram is enough for each Sheep in a Morning, in a fpoon« ful or two of human Urine. The Red. Water in Sheep, and of the common Cure for that Dijiemper. The Red Water, is accounted one of the mod dange- rous Diftempers attending the Flock, bringing whatever Sheep it attacks to Death in a fhort Time, unlefs it be difcovered at the firft coming 5 whereas in the Rot, a Sheep that happens to be taken with it, may live for a Month or more. The Remedy for the Red-water is to bleed the Sheep in the Foot, and under the Tail; then apply to the fore Places the Leaves of Rue and Worm- wood, or the tender Shoots of either of them, bruifedand snixed with Bay-falt, and give them by way of Diet,, fine Remedies for Sheep and Lambs. Hay in the Mornings and Evenings, or cfther dry Meat, fprinkled a little with Salt. For the Wild-fire hi Sheep; This is as dangerous a Diftemper as any that can at- tend the Flock, and was for a long time held incurable * but fome of the moft intelligent Shepherds have made a Salve which has done great fewice. Their Medicine is made of Chervil bruifed and beat up with ftale Beer,with which the fore or afflkted Place muft be anointed. Or, to take another Method, which is as certain, prepare a Wafh made of common Water one quarter of a Pint, the Quantity of a Horfe-bean of white Copperas ; wafh the fore Part with this Water twice or thrice in an Hour’s time, and it is a certain Cure. Although Sheep have a Dulnefs in their Eyes when rotten, yet fometimes they are fubjeft to have a Flux of Humours which weakens their Sight, and without timely Help will bring them to be fbrk blind. Some of our Shepherds ufe on this Occafion the Juice of Celandine, which they drop into the Eye j others ufe with as good Judgment the Juice of the Leaves of Ground Ivy, which fhould be forcibly fpirted out of the Mouth into the Sheep’s Eye ; or a Decodion made of either of the foregoing Plants in common Water, will do as wellj and you may have always the fame Remedies ready at Hand, without the Trouble of leeking the Plants when you have Occafi- on for them. It is neceftary however to obferve, that when you make thefe Deceptions, about five or fix Grains of Allom may be bailed in every Pint of Water ; or if you ufe white Copperas in this Cafe of the Eyes, infufe about feven Grains of the Copperas in half a Pint of fair Water, and it is a fovereign Remedy. of fore Eyes in Sheep, and the Remedy. Of the Tag or Belt in Sheep. Sheep are laid to be tagged or belt, when they have a Plux, or continued running of Ordure, which lighting upon the Tail, the Heat of the Dung, by its fcalding, breeds the Scab. The common Cure for this Diftemper, The Farmers Beft Guide. isfirdto cut off or fbear the Tags of Wool that are ray- ed, fo as to lay the Sore bare ; then wafh the raw Part with human Urine, or ftrong Beef or Pork Brine • then drew the Place with fine Mould or dried Earth, and after that,, lay on Tar mixed well with Goofe Greafeor Hogs- Jard ; repeat a firewing of fine Mould, and it is a certain Cure, as far as outward Application can aft. This is the common Receipt; but to give them as a Diet, Oats, fine Hay, with" a litttle fprinkling of Bay-falt finely bear, and a finall Quantity of the Powder of Juniper-berries, will certainly remove the Caufe. This Diftemper fhsws itfelf at firft in the Skin, in fmall Pimples, either of a red or purplifh Colour, and is very isfedious ; fo that whenever a Sheep is attacked with it,, it ought inftantly to be removed from the Flock, and put into a frefh Cpnnging Pafture. The outward Application ufed by the Shepherds, is to boil the Leaves of BLofemary in ftrong Vinegar, about three Ounces of Leaves to a- Pint of Vinegar, and to walk the Puftules or fore Parts \yith that Decodion.. Of the Meajles or Pox in Sheep» This Diftemper we take to be a fort of Meades ov Pox> attended with fitch a Degree of Fever as will not fuffer any Breaking out in the Skin ; for it is generally obfer- ved, that the Skin of fitch a Sheep is redder than any o- ther Sheep in any other Diftemper. In which Cafe you are to bleed him as you perceive him ftagger, by cutting off the upper Part of his Ears, which is the moft ready Way; and by bleeding him under the Eye immediately after, which forwards the Cure begun in the cutting the Ears, for thereby the Head is immediately aftifted, and they will foon recover. But as from the Beginning of the Diftemper to the Death of the Sheep,, it is not more than five or fix Minutes, fo a Shepherd ought to be very watch- ful and ready to bleed him, as foon as the foregoing Symptoms appear. Some would fuppofe this Diftemper to proceed from Sheep’s eating Pennygrafs, while others fuppofe it to be an oyer Fulnefs of Blood from rank Diet. Of the Blood in Sheep, and its Remedy. Remedies for Sheep and Lambs. The Wood-evil is feldom ,or never found among Sheep that have their Pafture in low Grounds, but for the nioft Part amongft thofe that feed upon poor Uplands, 3nd Grounds over-run with Fern. The Remedy is to bleed them in the Vein under the Eye. This Diftemper commonly happens about April or May, feizing the Sheep in the Neck, making them hold their Heads awry, and occafioning them to halt in their Going, and will be their Death in a Day or two, if the aforefaid Remedy of bleeding be not timely ufed, and ftefh Pafture in low Lands provided for them. Of the Wood-evil, And its Cure. If a Lamb is feized with a Fever, or any other Sicknefs, take him away from his Dam, for Fear of her catching »t 5 which done, draw fome Milk from the Ewe, and put to it fo much Rain Water, and make the Lamb fwallow it down. This is a certain Cure for a lick Lamb if you keep him warm. There is a certain Scab on the Chin of Lambs afTome Seafons, occafioned by their Feeding on Grafs covered With Dew ; it is called by the Shepherds the Dat tars ; Which will kill a Lamb if not ftopt. Take Salt and HyfTop, in like Proportion, beat them together, and therewith chafe the Palate of the Mouth, the Tongue, and all the Muzzle, then wafh the Scab with Vinegar; and after that anoint it wtth Tar and Hog’s Greafe mixed together. There is alfba Scabbine/s that often happen? to Lambs When they are about half a Year old ; to cure which, you muft greafe them with Tar mixed with two Parts of Goofe Greafe* A Cure for the Dartars. To fajietl loofe Teeth in Sheep or Lambs. When you obferve their Teeth Joofe, which you vviii fee by their not Feeding, then let them Blood under the Tail, and rub their Gums with Powder of. Mallow- Roots. The Farmer's Beft Guide. Lambs are generally yeaned in the Spring, at which time Shepherds mould take great Care to cherifhthe Ews, that they may be ftrong and able to deliver their Lambs, otherwife they will have many abortive or dead Lambs. And if the Ewes are not able to deliver themfelves, then the Shepherds fhould be always ready to hold them, by fetting his Foot on their Necks, and with his Hands to pluck it gently from them. If a Lamb is like to die when firft lambed, open his Mouth and blow therein, and he will foon recover. Cutting or Gelding of Lamhs, The Age for cutting is from three to nine Days old j after which they are rank of Blood, which will fall into the Cod in cutting, and there lie and kill them ; to pre- vent which, put a little Powder of Rofin into the Cod, and that will dry up the quarie Blood. A fure Way of Cutting, Let one hold the Lamb be- tween his Legs, or in his Lap, and turn the Lamb on his Back# holding all his Feet upright together j if you fee black fpots in his Flanks, do not cut him, for he is rank of Blood, and will finely die. Let the Cutter hold the Tip of the Cod in his Left Hand, and with a (harp Pen- knife cut the Top thereof an Inch long quite away 5 then with his Thumbs and his two Fore-fingers, on both Hands, flip the Cod foftly down over the Stones, and then with his Teeth holding the Left Stone in his Mouth, draw it foftly out as long as the String is j then draw forth the o- ther Stone in like Manner. Spit in the Cod, and anoint his Flanks on both fides of the Cod with frefh Grsafe, and fo let him go. Againfl the flowing of the Gnll. When a Sheep is troubled with this Diftemper, he will ftand fhrinking with all his Feet together ; to cure which, give him half a fpoonful of Aqua vitas mixed with fo much Vinegar, and let him Blood under the Tail. The above Remedy is alfb very good againft the Red Water ia Sheep. Remedies for Sheep and Lambs. 429 Take a fmall Quantity of the Herb Barefoot, with the Root of Camelion noir, which is the great Thiftle that hath Milk in it j boil them together, and walk the fcabby Places therewith, and it will certainly cure them. For the Itch or Scab in Sheep, Takc Long Pepper, Liquorifh, Annifeeds, and Hemp- feeds, of each a Pennyworth, beat all thefe together, and mix with it fome new Milk and Honey, and give each Lamb or Sheep two or three fpoonfuls Milk warm. This fhould, if poflible, be done in the Month of May. A Cure for the Staggers in Lambs or young Sheep. Of Swine. SWINE are of that great Profit, that he that hath Sheep, Swine, and Bees, let him fleep or wake he is furs to thrive, being a great fupport to a Family, affording great Variety of Meat, as Pigs, Pork, Bacon and Brawn, befides their Offal, which is very good Food ; and Hogs require the leaft Charge in keeping of any other Beafts, for their Food is coarfe and ordinary, being contented With any thing fo they have but their Bellies full, as Whey, flit Milk, Wafh, Grains, Offal, Corn, Carrots, PaiTnips, Colevvorts, Cabbage-Leaves, Bean-tops, &c. And it Were not amifs if a Parcel of Land was planted with fuch like Garden Food on Purpofe to feed them. Now for the keeping them, feme are of Opinion, ’tis better to have a Hog-yard with Sties in it, and there to keep them penn’d up, than to let them have their Liber- ty, for then they wafte their Flefh, and will not fatten fo foon. Yet after Harveft to let them have the Benefit of eating up the Corn left on the Ground would be profita- ble. And fome are of Opinion, that it is better to keep all Boars and Sows, and no Barrows ; for a Boar will re- quire as little keeping as a Barrow, and is much better, having more Meat in him, and if you make it into Brawn is far dearer; and for Sows, before they are fit to kill, may bring more Pigs than they are worth, and notwith- The Farmers Beft Guide. 430 ftanding be as fit for Bacon as Barrows, provided they are not too old; for a Sow will bring three Litters in a Year, and commonly nine, ten or twelve at a time ; but the only Reafon againft keeping too many, is the great Trouble, attended with the Charge of bringing up the Pigs either fit for Market or for Store For the Choice of your Swine, both Boars and Sows that you defign for a Breed, let them be long and large bodied, deep fided and bellied, thick Necks and Thighs, fhort Legs and thick chined, well fet, with ftrong Briftles ; as to the Colour it matters not much, but the white or Tandy areefteemed the beft, the pied being held theworft, as fubjed to the Meafles. A Sow will bring Pigs from a Year old until feven ; and the Pigs beft to rear are thofe Farrowed in or about Lent, and in Summer, for in Winter the Cold doth much pinch them and keep them back ; then having chofe out the beft for Boars and Sows to breed on, geld all the Males, and fpay all the Females you defign to rear, for both will make the beft Hogs for Fatting, and yield more Lard. for Fatnlng of Swine it differeth much, having Regard to the Country where you dwell; for thofe that inhabit near Woods and Places where Maft is plentiful, turn them into the Maft for fix or eight Weeks, by which time they will be much improved as to Flefh, and then put them into Sties to fatten with old dry Peafe, which makes their Fat firm, and not wafte away in boyling. But Swine fat- tened with Acorns or Chefnuts, or with Parfnips, makes the Flefh of an excellent fweet Tafte; and if in faltingyou ufe Saltpetre mixt with Bay-falt, the Bacon will imitate that of the Wefiphalia. Thofe that dwell,in Champain Countries, or by Cities or great Towns, deftitute of Wood for Maft, do ufe to put their Hogs they defign to fatten into Sties, and fo feed them with Peafe, Beans, Buck wheat, or fuch as they have; but Buck-wheat is not good, making the Fat Toft, and fubjed much to wafte, without they are kept Tome time before their killing only with Peafe or Beans : For middling.fized Pork, three Weeks is enough to fatten shem, and a Month for Bacon. Remedies for Swine. 431 If your Hogs do not thrive, which is Teen by the fla- ring of their Hair, and looking rugged, take half a Peck or more of Afhes, boil them into Lie, then caufe fuch Hogs to be laid upon a Form, and wafh them with the Lie, and curry them with an old Curry-comb until you find all the Scurf wafh’d from the Skin ; then wafh them With clean Water, and ftrew dry Afhes over them, and this will kill the Lice, and caufe them to thrive extraor- dinarily. Now the greateft thing that hinders Hogs from thriving, is to let them lie in the Wet. There is no Creature fo timorous in Sicknefs as the Swine, infomuch that he forfakes his Meat until he finds a Recovery. Now when you find your Swine to droop and forfake their Meat, firft Jet them blood under the Tail and Ears, and if they bleed not well, beat them a- bout, which will caufe them to bleed 3 the Wounds wrap up and keep warm, and give them to drink warm Wafh Well mixed with Barley Meal and red Oaker. To caufe Hogs to thrive. All Swine in Health curl their Tails, for which Reafbn,’ the beft Swineherds will by no Means fufFer them to be blooded in that Part, but in the Ears, and about the Neck, when bleeding is neceflary. They are very fub- jeft to Fevers, which they fhew by hanging their Heads, and turning them on one fide, running on a hidden, and topping fhort, which is commonly, if not always, atten- ded with a Giddinefs, which occafions them to drop and die, if not timely prevented. When you obferve this Di- ftemper upon them, you muft ftriftly regard which fide their Heads turn to, and bleed them in the Ear, or in the Neck, on the contrary fide. Some would advife to bleed them likewife under the Tail, about two Inches be- low the Rump. It is very certain, that this Giddinefs, or, as fome cal! it. Staggers, in a Hog, proceeds from an Over-quantity of Blood, and by bleeding them ftt Time, they will certainly recover. In the bleeding of Hogs near the Tail, you may ob- ferve a large Vein to rife above the reft. The old Far- mers ufed to beat this Vein with a little Stick, in order to Rules to know when a Swine is in Health. 432 The Farmers Beft Guide. make it rife orfwell, and then open it lengthways with your Flem or fine Penknife ; and after taking away a fufficient Quantity of Blood, fitch as ten Ounces from a Hog of about fourteen Stone, or fifteen or fixteen from a Hog of five and twenty and upwards, bind up the O- rifice either with Baft taken from a frefh Matt, or with a Slip taken from the inner Bark of a Lime-tree, or the in- ner Bark of the Willow, or the thru After bleeding, keep them in the Houfe a Day or two, giving them Bar- ley Meal mixed with warm Water, and allowing them to drink nothing but what is warm. Water chiefly, without any Mixture. In the Pafte made with barley Meal, fome of the moft curious Swineherds will give about half an Ounce a Day of Oak-bark ground fine. Of the Qmnfey in SvJtve. This is a Diftemper which Swine are very fubjeft to, and will prevent their Feeding, and frequently happens when they are half fatted ;fb that w7e have known after five or fix Weeks putting up, that they have eat near ten Bufhels of Peafe, three or four Days of this Diftemper has reduced them to as great Poverty in Flefh as they were in before they were put up to Feed. This Diftemper is a Swelling in the Throat, and is remedied by bleeding a little above the Shoulder, or behind the Shoulders. But the Method which we take to be the moft certain, is to bleed them under the Tongue, though fome pretend that Set- tering is the moft certain Method of Cure, However, any of thefe Methods will do. The Diftemper called the Kernels, is likewife a Swel- ling in the Throat ; the Remedy for which is bleeding them under the Tongue, and rubbing their Mouths after bleeding with Salt and Wheat Flower, finely beaten and Well mixed together. If a Sow happens to be with Pig, and has this Diftemper upon her, give her the Roots of the common Field Narcifius, or yellow Daffadll. Of the Kernels in Swine, and the Cure- Remedies for Swine. loathing of Meat in Swine, or their dlfcharghig it invo- luntarily by Vomit, and the Remedy. When Swine difcharge their Meat by Vomit, their Sto- machs may be correfted by giving them the Rafpings of Ivory or Hartlhorn dried in a Pan with Salt, letting it be mixed with their Meat, which Ihould be chiefly Beans or Acorns ground ; or, for want of thefe. Barley indiffe- rently broken in the Mill, and fcalded with the above In- gredients. Madder is likewife good to be given on this Occafion, mixed with their Meat. This Diftemper how- ever is not mortal, but has the ill Effeft of reducing Swine m their Flefh. It certainly prevents the Diftemper called the Blood in Swine, or the Gargut, as Tome call it, which generally proceeds from their eating too much Grafs when they are firft turned abroad in the Spring. Of the Gargut, or Blood, in Swine. This Diftemper, among Country People, is always ef- kerned mortal. Some call it a Madnefs in Swine. It jbews itfelf almoft like the Fever in Swine, by daggering *n their Gate, and loathing their Meat. In the Feve£ however, they will eat freely, till the very Time they drop ; but in this, their Stomach will fall off a Day or two Wore the Staggering or Giddinefs appears. The Cure for Which is, to bleed the Hog, as foon as you perceive him Stacked with this Diftemper, under the Ears, and under Tail, according to the Opinion of fome To make y'm bleed freely, beat him with a fmall Wand where the mcifions were made ; though it is feldom in this Difteiu- Per that the Blood does not come freely enough from Vein, if it be rightly opened. After Bleeding, keep *ne Hog in the Houfe, give him Barley Meal in warm w'hey, in which Mixture give him Madder, or Red Oak- powdered, or Bole. As Swine are unfatiable Creatures, they are frequently Rubied with abundance of the Spleen ; the Remedy for 'v’nich is, to give them fome Twigs of Tamarisk boiled !?r infufed in Water j or if fome of thu fmall tender of Tamarisk, frefh gathered, were to be chopped Of the Spleen in Swine, The Farmers Bed Guide. fmall and given them in their Meat, it would greatly aflift them : for the Juice and every Part of this Wood, is of extraordinary Benefit to Swine in moft Cafes, but in this Diftemper efpecially. Of the Choler in Hogs, the Remedy. The Diftemper, called the Choler in Swine, fhews it fell’ by the Hog’s loofing its Flefh, forfaking his Meat, and being more inclined to fleep than ordinary, even re- fuflng the frefh Food of the Field, and falling into a deep Sleep as foon as he enters it. It is common, in this Dif- temper, for a Hog to fleep more than three Parts in four of its Time ; ana confequently he cannot eat as Nature requires him fufficicntly for his Nourifhment. This is what one may call a Lethargy, for he is no fooner alleep but hefeems dead, not being fenfible or moving, though you beat him with the greateft Violence, till on his own Accord he recovers. The moft certain and approved Remedy for it is the Root of the Cucumis Silvejiris, or wild Cucumber, as fome call it, ftamped and ftrained with Water, given them to drink. This will immediately caufe them to vomit, and foon after to become lively and leave their Drowfinefs. When the Stomach is thus difeharged, give them Horfe Beans Tokened in Pork Brine, if poffible j or, for Want of that, in Beef Brine, if poifible ; or in frefh human Urine, from fome healthful Perfon, or elfe Acorns that bave been infufed a Day or two in common Water and Salt, about a fortieth Part of Salt to the Water. It would be neceffiary to keep them in the Houfe during the Time of the Operation, and not to fuffer them to go out till the Middle of the next Day, firft giving them a good Feed of Barley Meal, mixed with Water wherein * little Oak Bark has been infufed three or four Hours, This Diftemper is judged to be infe&ious, and there- fore all Swine that are taken with it, muft immediately be feparated from the Herd, and put into fome Houfe where none but the may come. In this, as well as it* a!J other Cafes where Swine are diftempered, let them have Of the Peflilence, or Plague, in Swine. Remedies for Swine. 435 clean Straw; Give them, when they are thus attacked, a- bout a Pint of good White Wine, or Raifins wherein fome of the Roots of the Polipody of the Oak have been boiled, and wherein about ten or twelve bruifed Berries of Ivy have been infufed. This Medicine will purge them, and, by correcting their Stomach, well difcharge theDif. temper. . If after the firft, another Hog fhould be feized with the fame lllnefs, let the Houfe or Stye be cleaned well from the Straw and Dung of the firft diftempered Hog. At the firft of his Entrance give him fome Bunches of Worm- Wood, frefh gathered, for him to feed on at his Pleafure, obferving every Time that you have Occafion to bring in new-diftempered Swine, to give them clean Litter and clean Houfes. The Polipody of the Oak in White Wine, as above dire&ed, is likewife an approved Remedy for the Diftera*. per mentioned above, called the Choler. Of Meafled Swine, Swine, when they are troubled with this Diftemper will have a much hoarfer Voice than ufual, their Tonjmes Will be pale, and their Skin will be thick fet with Blifters, about the Bignefs of Peafe. As this Diftemper is natural to Swine, the Ancients advife, that you give them theic Meat out of leaden Troughs, by way of Prevention. It is alfo a common Practice where this Diftemper prevails, (for it is In fbme fort peftilential) to give the Hogs an In- Lilian of Briony Root and Cummin Water every Mor- ning in their firft Feed, by way of Precaution, But the rnoft fine Way is to prepare the following Medicine, viz. Sulphur halt a Pound, Alkim three Ounces, Bay Bee- tles three Quarters of a Pint, Soot two Ounces. Beat thefe all together, tie them in a Linnen Cloth, and lay them in the Water which you give them to diink, ftir. fing them firft in the Water. O/ the Di [temper in the Lungs of Swine, and its Cure.' Swine, as they are of a hot Nature, are fubjed to a iXftemper which is called the Thirjl, or Lungs, accord- tng to fbme Farmers. This is what we dsfign to treat of. The 'Farmer** Beft Guide. as it is a Diftemper proceeding purely from Want'of Wa- ter, and what they are never fubjeft to but in the Sum- mer Time, or where Water is wanting. It is frequently to the Farmer’s Expence very greatly, when Swine are put up to be fatted, that there is not due Care to give them Water enough; then they furely pine, and lofe the Bene- fit of their Meat. The Remedy for this is to give them Water frefh and frequently, otnerwife it will bring them to have an Over-heat in their Liver, which will occafion this Diftemper, which the Farmers generally term the Lungsj to cure which, pierce both Ears, of the Hog, and put into each Orifice a Leaf and Stalk, a little bruifed, of the Black Hellebore. Of the Gall in Swine. This Dlftemper never happens but for Want of Appe- tite, and where the Stomach is too cold to digeft, as fome Authors fay. Itgenerally,as far as our Experience teaches us, happens to thofe Swine which are confined in nafty Tens, and are neglefted and ftarvcd in their Feed. The Cure of this Diftemperis to give them the Juice of Cole- wort or Cabbage Leaves, with Saffron mixed with Honey and Water,about a Pint. This Diftcmper fhews itfelf by a Swelling that appears under the Jaw. This Diftempet is remarkable in fuch Swine as have wanted neceffary Subfiftance, and more particularly in thofe that have wanted Water. Some have thought it to proceed from a Venereal Caufe, whereby the Blood has ,been corrupted. It appears in many Sores upon the Bo- dy of the Creature, and whatever Boar or Sow happens to be infe&ed with it, will never thrive though you give them the beft of Meat. The Cure is, to give them in- wardly about two large Spoonfuls of Treacle, in Water that has firft been made indifferently Tweet with Honey, about a Pint at a Time, anointingthe Sores with Flower of Brimftone well mixed with Hog’s Lard; to which you may add a fmall Quantity of Tobacco Duft. While you give the Preparation of Treacle inwardly, the Swine thus inte&ed fhould be kept in the Houfe, and quite free from the reft of the Herd, till they are cured. Of the Pox in Swine. Remedies for Swine. Mr, M. T. of Surry, his Remedy for the Swelling under the Throat. This Diftemper appears fomewhat like the Swelling of the Kernels, or what the ordinary Farmers call the Kernels, *n Swine. The moft immediate Remedy is to open the Swollen Parts, when they are ripe for that Purpofe, with a fine Penknife, or Lancet, taking Care that it is not in the leaft rufty ; and there will illue from thence a great Quantity of fetid Matter of a yellow or greenifh Colour. Wafh then the Part with frefn human Urine, and drefs the Wound with Hog’s Lard. A Cure for the Bite of ei Viper, or mad Dog, in Swinel The Signs of Madnefs in Hogs, which proceeds from the Bites of Vipers, Slow-worms, or mad Dogs, are nearly the fame, 'viz. An Hog on this Occafion will paw with his Feet, foam at his Mouth, and champ or gnafh with his Jaws, ftart fuddenly, and jump upon all four at Inter- vals ; feme of the Country People have miftaken this Di- ftemper for the Fever in Swine ; others have miftaken ft for the Staggers ; But in neither of thefe do the Swine paw with their Feet, the venomous Bites alone giving them that Direction. The moft immediate Cure or Remedy for fuch Biting, if you can judge of their Difafter prelently after they are bit, is to wafh the Wound with warm hu- man Urine, or warm Vinegar ; or, for Want of either. With common Water and Salt, warmed, the Quantity of Salt one fortieth Part to the Water; and then fearing or turning the Wound with a red hot Iron. It is neceflary at the fame Time to fetter the Hog in the Ear with the common Hellebore. It is convenient, when Swine have been thus bitten, to give them the following Medicine. Take of Rue, the fmaller Centaury, Box, St, John’s Vort, of each two Handfuls ; Vervain a Handful; thefe Herbs fhould be boiled in four Gallons of fmall Beer, being tied up in Bunches. When you imagine that this Decoc- tion is ftrong enough, or has received the Virtue of the Herbs, pafs the Liquor through a Sieve, or ftrain it through a coarfe Cloath; then add to it about a Gallon of Water, or as much as will make good the Deficiency of the Wa- 438 The Farmers Beil: Guide. ter boiled away; add to this about 2, Pounds of Flower of Sulphur, and about a Pound of Madder finely beaten, and as much Coriander Seeds not beat j of Annifeed about three Quarters of a Pound, and fine Oyfter-fhell Powder well prepared, or, in lieu of that, the Powder of Crab Claws, or Lobfter Claws, about fix Ounces. This Me- dicine will be enough for five and twenty Hogs. Of the Tremor or Shaking in Swine, its Cure, from C, G. Efq; of Hertfordfhire.' Take Hyfibp and Mallows, in Stalks and Leaves, about a Handful of each, boil them in three Pints of Milk, till *he Virtue of the Herbs has fufficiently got into it ■, then pafs the Liquor through a Sieve, or ftrain it, to be free from the Herbs, adding then of Madder two Spoonfuls, and about an Ounce of Liquorifh fliced, with as much Annifeed. Give it two Mornings together. Mr. Tyfon, of Warwlckfhire, his Remedy for the Stag- gers in a Hog. This Diftemper is to be cured two Ways, viz* either t>y a Draught prepared of Flower of Sulphur and Madder, ground or powdered, about an Ounce of each boiled in new Milk, and given at twice to the Hog falling in the Morning, two Days following, if you take the Diftemper in the Beginning ; or elfe, when it has already feized his Head with Violence, ufe the following Preparation: Take of the common Houfeleek and Rue, of each a like Quantity ; to which add Bay Salt, enough to make their Juices very pungent; when they are brmTed toge- ther, which fhould be done in a Stone or Marble Mortar, with a Wooden Pellle ; when thefe are well {lamped and mixed together, add a large Spoonful of the flrongefl Vinegar you can get, and put the Mixture into the Ears of the Hog, Hopping them both clofe with Tow, Wooll or Cotton, fo that it may remain in a Day and a Night. This, if the Hog is not [far gone, will recover him ; but if he is not quite well, the famemufl be repeated a fecond Time 5 and as foon as the Mixture is taken out of his Ears, flop, them with Sheeps Wooll, or with Cotton or Tow that has been greafed a little with Oil of Almonds; for this will prevent his taking Cold. Of the Murrain, and Meafles in Swine ; the Remedy j from a curious Gentleman of Northamptonshire. Remedies for Swine. 439 Although we have already mentioned this Diftemper, and its Cure, give us Leave yet to infert another Remedy which has been highly commended. Take of the Flower of Sulphur half an Ounce, and as much Madder powdered or ground as it comes over, Li- cjuorilh fliced about a Quarter of a Ounce, and Annifeed the fame Quantity: to this put a Spoonful of Wheat Flower, and mix it in new Milk, to give the Hog in the Morning falling ; repeat this Medicine twice or thrice. If a Hog has eat any ill Herbs, fuch as Henbane or Hemlock ; to cure the fame, give him to drink the Juice of Cucumbers made warm, which will caufe him to vomit, and fo cleanfe his Stomach that he will Toon recover. Great Care fhould be taken of the Sows when they are with Pig, and to (but them up in the Sty for Fear of Acci- dents j but you fhould not put two together, becaufethey Will lie upon one another, and fo hurt them/elves; let them Farrow in the Sty, otherwife they will often caft their Pigs, which is a great Lofs to the Keeper. Sows with Pig. The Boar Pigs ought t© be gelded when they are about fix Months old, for then they begin to wear ftrong in Heat, and will make the ftronger Hogs. Sows fhould not be fpayed till they are three or four Years old : To do which, cut them in the Mid Flank twc» Fingers broad with a fharp Penknife, and take out the Bag of Birth and cut it off, and fo ftitch up the Wound again, and anoint it, and keep her in a warm Sty for two oc three Days, then let her out, and fhe will foon grow fat. Gelding Pigs, and flaying Sows, In the Spring, and after Michaelmas, are the twof beft Seafons to geld your Hogs : To do which, cut at crofs Slit in the Middle of each Stone, then pull thenw gently our, and anoint the Wound with Tar. Gelding of Hogs* The Farmers Beft Guide. Let him lie on thick Planks, or Stone Pavement; feed him with Barley and Peas, but no Beans, and let him drink the Tappings or wafhings of Hoglheads; but for a Change give him fome fodden Barley, and in a fmall Time he will begin to glut; therefore about once in ten Days give him a Handful of Crabs. Make him drunk now and then, and he will fatten the better. After a Month’s Feeding, give him Dough made of Barley Meal, for about five Weeks, without any Drink or other Moiflure j by which Time he will be Fat enough for Ufe. To feed a Hog for Lard. This is a Diftemper that often proves of very ill Con- fequence, becaufe one infedls another ; it generally pro- ceeds from Lice in their Skin, or Poverty, and they will never thrive while they are troubled with it. The Cure jfor which is this: A Bath for the Swine Pox. Take Yarrow, Plaintain, Primrofe Leaves, Briar Leaves, ®ld Oaken Leaves, Water Betony, of each two Handfuls, jboil them in two Gallons of running Water till they are all tender, and then walk your Hogs therewith, and in twice or thrice ufxng it will dry them up. When you perceive your Hog to caft or vomit, you anay be fare his Stomach is not well; and therefore give him fome Shavings of Ivory mixed with a little dried beaten Salt. Alfo beat his Beans fmall, and put them in the Trough with his other Meat, that he may feed there- on before he goes to the Field. A vain ft Vomiting. Ordering of F OWLS. Asa Country Houfe or Farm cannot be (aid to be compleat, except it is well flocked with Fowls, which bringeth the Farmer great Benefit ; fo I fhall lay down the Methods taken in the Feeding them : And Direc- tions for the Cure of fuch Difeafes as they are liable to. If the Range for Poultry and Turkeys is large, they will get beft Part of their Living themfelves, fuch as Ordering of Fowls,. Worms, the Seeds of Herbs, and the like ; but it is very convenient to obferve fett Times to feed them f and as Hemp and Nettle Seed is good to lay Eggs, 3 little Ihould be mix’d with their Oats or Earley; feed them early in the Morning, and again juft before they go to Rooft ; which will bring them to a good Order, and they will become tame. All thofe Hens and Tur- keys that have not laid in the Morning, fhould be kept in till they have ; otherwife, if you let them out, they* will lay abroad, by which Means you will ioofe their Eggs; but for Geefe,. when once they have chofen their Neft, they will not lay from it. Poultry are fatted with Buck or French Wheat. Stub- ble Geefe or Green Geefe Ihould be kept in the dark*, and fatted with Ground Malt mixt with Milk- Capons Ihould be gelt as foon as the Hen has left them, if their Stones are come down: and cram theml with Barley Meal well fifted, mixt with new Milk, and made into a, ftiff Dough, putting Pellets of this down his Throat Morning, Noon and Night, leaving his Crop full every Time ; or you may make a ftiff Dough* of Wheat Flower, and put in the Pellets Slips of Fat Bacon, and cram them therewith,, and it will Toon fas- ten them. Turkeys are fatted by putting them in Coops,, andl for the firft Fortnight, feeding them with fodden Bar- ley or Oats, and afterwards cram them,, as directed for- Capons.. Ducks or Ducklings are fatted by being kept up and! given good Store of any Sort, of Grain. Difeafes of Poultry-. The Pip is a white Skin or Scale growing over the" Tip of the Tongue, which hinders them from Feeding j ; for the Gore of which, pull off the faid. Skin, .and rubs the Tongue with Salt. . Poultry are often troubled, with ■ Swellings in their* which in Time will corrupt* the whole Body :: The cure is to pull away the Feathers, open the Swell- ing* and , thraft out the Core j. then wafh the Place-with i Brine, or.Salt and.Water. The Farmer s Beft Guide. The Gargil is a great Stopping of the Head in Geefe; for the Cure of which, take 3 or 4 Cloves of Garlick, beat them in a Mortar with Sweet Batter, of which make little longdflalls, and give your Goofe 2 or 3 of them failing, keeping her ihut up for two Hours there- after. Of TAME RABBITS. Tame Rabbits are great Improvers of a Farm by their Dung, which is often fold for Six-pence a fingle Bufhci trod in, and is chiefly ufed to harrow in with Barley snd Grafs-Seeds. They are more Profit by far in Hutches than in Pits. Their Seafon is from Chrijimas to Whit- fnntide; and when their Skins are clear without Spots, a Angle one is worth 4d. or 6d. The main Art of keeping thefe Creatures, is to preferve them from Tun- ning, or being Pot-belly’d ; and therefore when fed with raw Grains, Hay muft be always given with them in the little Apartment of the Hutch, to dry up the Moi- fture of the Grains; and when fed with Bran, or other dry Meat, Greens muft be given to anfwer their Drowth. Commonly we keep the young Ones with the Doe two Months, and at five Weeks End let her take Buck, that the former Brood may go off before fhe kits about a Week. Pollard mix’d with Grains, or made into Pafte with Water, and given three Times a Day, is very ex- cellent Food for them. Ground Malt helps to recover the young ones when tunned ; Barley alfo juft broke is very good. If a convenient Place can be had to let young ones run in Cover, or out at Pleafure, they will thrive with lefs Meat. They mightily love to brouze on Pea-ftraw or green Furze. If Bran is given alone, it fhould be long Bran ; but' to mix with Grains, it Ihould be fhort Bran or Pollard. I never try’d it yet, but am of Opinion, that French Wheat muft be Fatning Food for the young ones; and when they are fo, they fell beft to the Higler at fix or eight Weeks old. A Doe goes 31 Days; and generally one Time with ano- ther, brings fix, which indeed is enough for any one Of Tame Rabbits; Doe to bring up and fat. The beft Time to fave young; ones for Breeders, is in March; and then with good. Meat, clean Ufage, and clofe Attendance, they will take Buck about Alhollantide, and fo enter the Seafon with the Sale of their firft Litter. A Doe is reckon’d: to pay 10 s. a Year clear, and that her Dung will pay for Grains. Some there are that have gelt the Bucks,, in order to make them larger and Tweeter ; but as I yet never experienced the Succefs, I can write no further of it. The Sweetnefs and good Relifli of their Fleih, undoubtedly is a very defirable Thing, and then they are certainly more wholefome ; and this, in my Opini- on, is to be obtained, firit, by fuch Food as will occa- fton it; as good Oats, Earley, Pollard, and frefh hearty’ Greens, and Hay . Secondly, By keeping, their Hutches thorough clean, and carrying away their Dung- to fome Diftance. And, thirdly, by keeping, them in a wholefome fweet Air. For all living Creatures mull: fubfift by Air, and be better or worfe afte&ed by it, as; it is good or bad; according to the Obfervation of a. Gentlemen, who faid, he never eat fo fweet an one irr London, as in the Country; becaufe, as he faid, the Hutches there Handing in clofe Places, and in a grofs Air,, is apt to taint their Flefh. The comman Way of killing them by ftriking thema behind their Ears only, is not fo well, by reafon of the: great Quan ity of Blood that fettles in the Neck, which,: by the new Praftice is mollly prevented. As foon as they are ftruck with the Hand under the Ears, then im- mediately jobb a Penknife into the Throat, and give it: a Launce towards the Jaws; this will let out the Bloodi till they become white.. Another Way is to kill them as they do a Turkey, by/ flitting with a Penknife the Palate of the Mouth. This; is reckon’d the moft cleanly Way of all. Of PI D GEO NS.. Widgeons have fevera! Natures and Names. The Tame: oi Haufe-Pidgeons are called Barbels, Jacks, , Crappaw*, The Farmers Bed Guide. 444 Carriers, Runts, Horfemen, Tamblers, and Great Reds. The Barbel has a red Eye, a Ihort Tail, and a Bill liko a Bulfinch. The fmall Jack Pidgeon is a good Breeder, and hardy ; has a turn’d Crown. The Crappers are valuable for their Swell. The Carriers for their fwift Return home, if carried to a Didance. The Horfe- man Pidgeon is fomething of the Carrier’s Nature. The Tumbler’s for their pleafant Agility in the Air. The Runts for their good Breeding and bringing up their young ones. The Great Red for their Largenefs. The Turn-Tails for their turning them up a!mod to their Rack. And the Black-Head is a white Pidgeon with a black Head. Several of thefe are often preferred fojr their Beauty, but the moft common are the Runts. Ge- nerally in about Half a Year’s Time the young ones may be paired, by putting a Cock and a Hen into a fmall Coop-hutch, where fometimes in an Hour or two, and fometimes not under a Day, two or three, they ■will pair, which is known by their Billing and Cooing j the Cock’s calling the Hen, and the Hen fpreading her- felf before him. They breed aimed all the Year, ex- cept Moulting-time. It is common to crofs-match them, and they will breed the better; and fllould be fed alb the Year, except Seed-time and Harved. The former, holds about a Month, and the latter three, even to Air hollandtide.. Some always give them Meat throughout the Year,, becaufe, fay they, before they will be forced; out to get their Living Abroad, they will flarve fome of their young ones. Others, as Farmers, will give them no Meat all the. Year. Thefe Calculations arc for the Country, where Meat is plentiful at thofe two Seafons; and at others, at the Barn Doors. Forty Pair is reckon’d to make about 20 Angle Bulhels of Dung a Year, and is often fold for 1,0 d. the Angle Bulhel heap- ed. It is faid, this Number well look’d after, will maintain a Angle Man. A Garret or Room about 12 by 20 Feet will contain that Number; too much Room hinders their Increafe, as well as too little. They com- monly hatch within the three Weeks, lay generally two Eggs, and about three Weeks after Hatching, they are At for Market. This Number will eat a Bulhel of Peafe Of Pidgeons. ©r Tares in a Week, befides half a Peck of Hempfeed, which fattens the young ones very much, and is made Ufe of by the Higlers to cram them on the Road in their Way to London; where, at the Seed-fhops, it is often fold for half a Crown the BufheL They Ihould have conftantly feveral little Bins by them* to let out their Meat gradually into a lower Trough, as they confume it, which is a Means to keep them from ftray- ing; this, with frefh Water and Gravel, will keep them at home, without the Salt-cat and other Contrivances. Indeed fome Cummin Seed is eftecmed very good for its Scent to be kept conftantly in the Pidgeon-houfe. An old Pair of Pidgeons may be brought from another Place, and will feldom return, if they are kept in till they breed. 445 Of BEE S, and how to order them; There is no Creature fo induftrious, and taketh fudts great Pains as the Bee, going out early, and; coming- home late, never retting but in cold- and wet Weather; for Idleness is fo deteftable a Vice amongft them, that none are tolerated thereunto but their Sovereign; every one being employ’d either abroad in gathering Food, or at Home in Building Combs, feeding their Young, or fome other Employ; and no Creatures live together ia that Unity and Amity in one Houfe or Habitation, as having no fmgle Propriety in- any Thing they get or do, all being as it were in common amongft them nor is their Labour compulfivs, but every one endea- vours to outvy the other in their induftrious Labour, There is nothing more advantageous to be kept than an Apiary, and there mutt be a convenient and neceffary Place made Choice of for that Purpofe, which Ihould be fquare, or rather more long than broad,, and extend<- ing from Eaft to Weft, and facing the South, to the End that the Bees returning late home at Night, may the better fee their Way in. But fome are of another Opi- nion, and that is, to let them have the Benefit of the Morning Sun, as much as poflible* that Time being the The Farmer s Beft Guides beft to gather Honey ; but the fureft Way is to let them' have as much of both Morning and Evening Sun as the Place will admit offor the Morning Sun makes them, fwarm early in the Day. Let the Apiary be well defen- ded from high Winds, efpecially towards the North, but let not the Ednces be fo high as to hinder the Sun, nor fo near as to obftrud their Flight; alfo let it be remote from ill Smells, and not frequented by Poultrey. Let the Ground be kept mowed, not digged or pared, if it be Grafs, for in the Summer it will be too hot, and in the Winter too cold; and let it not be too remote from the Houfe, that you may be often with them at fwarming Time, or upon feveral other Occaflons. Likewise it would be very neceflary to plant at fome reafonable Di- ftance from the Bees, Fruit-trees, that they may pitch up» on the Boughs in fwarming Time. The ufual Places to fet the Stocks of Bees upon, are Stools,, Benches, or Seats*, The Stools are placed at different Heights, but about a Foot is well. They muft be fet (helving, that the Rain may run off, and made two or three Inches wider than the Hives, with a Place before for the Bees to light upon* They may be made of Wood or Stone, but Stone is not fo- good, as being too hot in Summer, and too cold in Win- ter. The Stools ought to fbnd about five Foot one from another, in a ftrait Rank fromEaft to Weft; and if they are placed one behind another, they fhould be eight or nine Foot afunder, and the Stools of the one Rank to be placed againft the open Places of the others, and free from all Incumbrances to hinder their Flight. Benches are the moft common in life, and known to every one, but they arc nothing near fo commodious as Stools, being fubjed to divers Inconveniences, Seats are efteemed the beft, for every Stock of Bees make a final! Houfe of about two Foot fquare and fome- thing higher, which fhould be placed upon four Legs about a Foot above Ground, and covered with Boards or Tiles to caft off the Rain, with the North-weft fide clofed up, the Eaft and Weft fides to he made with Doors to open; and fnut up at Pleafure, and the Fore-part or South.fide, to have a falling Door to coyer the one half thereof,. Which is to be ralfed up as Occafion requires} and it likevvife ferves in the Summer Seafon as a Penthoufe to fhelter them from the extream Heat in the mid Part of the Day, which is apt to melt their Honey. On thefe Seats may be placed any fort of Hive, whe- ther of Straw, Board, or Glafs, which will preferve them to a longer Continuance than if placed on Stools or Benches. Altho*in fome Winter Days the Sun fhines feemingly warm and comfortable, yet it is not convenient to open the Doors to let them out, neither too early in the Spring, before they can find Employment for gathering of Honey, The moft ufual Hives are of ftraw, but of late there is a new invented one of Wood made in fquares, and fo or- dered to be one Story above another j 1 cannot fay much in Praife of it; but the Invention did not much take, the chief Defign being to preferve the Stocks of Bees, and yet take the Honey, which by the common way are (mothered* Glafs Hives Suit the Difpofifion and Nature of the Bees, who delight to fee their Workmanfhip go forward, in fo much that by Obfervation, they will be move laborious,, endeavouring, as it were, to out-do one another in their Diligence. Alfo thefe forts of Hives afford great Delight to the Curious, by feeing how they work and order their Affairs to a wonderful Admiration. For the drefiing the new Hives, the Infide muft be very fmooth, and free from. Straws and Sticks, which much offend them. As for the rubbing them with fwect Herbs, and fplending them, (that is, fetting up the Sticks) it is common and well known to moft. Country People, fo 5 (hall pafs that by. If you would have your Stocks to Increafe, make your Hives fmaller j and if your Defign be to have a good Quantity of Honey, make them larger ; for a few Hives well ordered and in a thriving Condition, will afford Bees, enough to ftock many of the larger Hives. As for the fwarming, if the Spring be dry, cold, and Windy, it will much retard their fwarming, nor will there be many that Year ; but if it be mild and calm, with gentle Showers, they will fwarm early, and the oftner about mid May, in an early and kindly Spring, they may begin* and then your Care is required to look after them Ordering of Bees. 447 The Farmers Bcft Guicfe. but you may have timely Notice of their fwarming by observing their Signs. They will hover about the Doors in cold Evenings and Mornings; and in fultry hot Morn- ings and Evenings they will hang out 5 they will run haftily up and down, caft out their Drones, and there will beaMoiftnefs upon the Stool. Alfo if the Weather be hot and gloomy, and after a Shower or gloomy Cloud hath fent them Home, and that they hang out together, then expea a fudden fwarming. But on the contrary, if they continually He forth, efpe- cially about mid June, ’tis a Sign of their not fwarming ; Alfo much ftormy and windy Weather obftrufts their fwarming, although they are ready, and caufeth them to. lie out 3 the like doth Weather that hath been very Jiot and dry for feme Continuance. Now for the caufing them to fwarm, keep the Hives as cool as poflible, by watering the Ground near them, by fhading the Hives, by enlarging the Doors to give them Air, and by forcing them into the Hives gently with a Brulh,, frittering them not to clutter together. As concerning the Signs of After-fwarming, there is more Certainty to be observed, for when the prime Swarm is gone, about 9 or 10 Evenings after, when another Brood is ready, the Hive being over-charged with them, the next Prince begins to tune in a treble Voice, and in a Day or two after the old Queen will make her Reply in a bafe Note, declaring, as it were, her Confent for their fwarm- ing In the Morning before they fwarm, they godown to the Stool; and there call fomewhat.longer, and at the time of their fwarming they come down to the Stool; and be- ginning their Notes more thicker and fhriller, they all? come forth in great Hafte. If the prime fwarm be broken, the fecond will both calk and fwarm the fooner, probably the next Day, and aftes that a thirdj and fometimes a fourth, and all within a Fort- night’s Space. Sometimes a Swarm will caft another that Tear, but if late ’tis not worth the keeping, according to the old Rbime>_ A Swarm in July, Is net ’worth a Fiji It is euttomary when Bees fwarm, to-make a tinkling Noife upon a Bafon,Kettle, Pan, or the like,. thereby the better to gather them to fettle; but by the judicious, and fuch as have made Trials concerning the fame, ’tis found very idle and foolifh, rather caufing them to fly away; for all great Noifes are offenfive to them, therefore your Bu- finefs fhould only be to watch their fettling, and if they % aloft and are like to be gone, then caft up Duft amongft them to make them come down. Ordering of Bees. 449 The Swarm being fettled, as it were, like a Clufter of Grapes, and the Hive well rubb’d with Tweet Herbs, drc, fhake them off the Bough into the Hive, which fhould be of a fit Size, anfwerable to the Bignefs of the Swarm to fill it that Year ; and having a Sheet or fuch like Cloth fpread upon the Ground, fet the Hive thereon for feme time until the Bees are fettled therein ; or if the Bough is fmall on which they fwarm, you may cut it off, and put it into the Hive under the Sheet, as aforefaid. If the Swarm feparate, and light in two Places, but if in Sight of one another, difturb the lefTer Parcel, and they Will fly to the reft ; but if not in Sight, then hive them in two Hives; then bring them together, and fhake the Bees out of one of the Hives on the Sheet whereon the other Hive ftands, and place the other Hive upon them, and they Will take to it. When Swarms come late, and are but fmall, ’tis convenient to unite them, by which Means they Will be more induftrious in their Labour, The Manner of Uniting them is thus : Place the Hive wherein you have newly put your Swarm you intend to drive into another, in a Place that the Skirts may be uppermoft, and fet the o- ther upon him, binding them about the Skirts with a long Towel, and fo let them ftand till Morning, and the Bees Will all afeend, that you may the next Morning fet the Re« ceiver on a Stool, and after this Manner you may put two or three Swarms together ; but be fure to unite them the fame Evening, or the next at fartheft that they (warm* For preferring yourfelf from flinging in the time of fwarming, the beft and fureft Way is to be provided with a Net made of fine Thread or Silk, with a clofe Mefh, which caft over your Head, Hat and all, compafling your Face; and for your Hands have on Gloves;and ifnotwith- ftanding you happen to be flung, pullout the Sting asfoon as poflible, and for aflwaging the Swelling, heat a Piece of The Farmersßeft Guide.' Iron red hot, and hold it as near to the Place grieved as poflible, and as long as you can bear it, and it will draw out that fiery Venom caufed by the Sting. But the mod common Way is to rub the Wound with the Leaves of Houfleek, Mallows, Marygolds, Rue, Hollyhocks, and Vi- negar, or Salt and Vinegar, but none of thefe are fo good. As Toon as a Swarm hath entred the Hive, they lofe no Time, but begin to work and gather Wax forthe building their Combs, fo that it is a Sight worthy to be Teen, to obferve how thefe poor Creatures frame their curious Workmanfiiip 5 which may be done if put into tranfpa- rent or Glafs Hives, ot in Wooden Hives with Glafs Win- dows. The beft Seafon to remove an old Stock of Bees, is about Michaelmas j alfo about the End of February, or Be- ginning of March at the lateft. Let it be in the Evening, when all the Bees are at quiet, and when the Weather is fair. The Hive rauft be put on a Board, and gently carried to the Place where it is to be fet, for joggling fpoils the Hive, loofening the Combs, and difturbing the Bees. It oft-times happens, that thro’ a cold, dry, and unfeafo- nable Spring, as alfo by a cold and early Winter, that Bees will not have a fufficient Stock of Honey to keep them. In this Cafe they mud be fed, and the beft Food is Honey mixt with fweet Wort, which rauft be conveyed into the Hives by finall Canes or Troughs daily, till the approaching Summer affords them Provifion abroad. Inftead of Ho- ney you may give them Sugar j fome give them Toaftsof Bread fopt in Ale* others dry Meal, or Flower of Beans. There are feveral things very offenfive and injurious to Bees, as Smoak, ill Smells, Noife; ill Weather, as Winds, Cold, Heat, and Rain; which may be prevented by welt placing the Apiaries. Noifome Creatures, as Spiders, Snails, Frogs, Toads, Moths, <&c. and devouring Creatures and Infeds, as Birds, Mice, Wafps, and Hornets, are alfo injurious to them. Different Methods for defraying of Moles. To take Moles after the Plough. You muft have a Carriage with a large VelTelof Water thereon always follow the Plough, and where you fee that To deftroy Moles. 451 the Plough has opened any Mole Holes newly caft up, pour in a Pail full of Water,and if they cannot getaway, you will fee them immediately come out, when you may eafily deftroy them. If this does not fucceed, then you may have Recourfe to your Trenches. fhe Way to make Trenches for the catching of Moles, and for defraying them therein. When you fee any Mole hath newly caft, make a Trench fix Inches broad, and as long as you fee good, and open the Earth on both Sides, calling it up as deep as he hath gone; then make it fine and put it in again, treading it down in the Trench with your Foot, but not too hard, left file fhould forfakeit. Thus you may make as many Tren- ches as you will in any Ground, from a Foot to four Foot long. Which done, you muft watch their Hours of going abroad and returning home, which is early in the Morning in dry or hot Weather * but in moift Weather, or after Rain, they will go abroad and return twice a Day, before and after Noon. When you perceive any in your Trench, Which you may know by flicking final! Twigs a little Way in, for the Working of the Moles will throw them our, then come foftly to the Lee Side, and chop down your Mole Spade crofs behind, thrufting the Earth down with your Foot behind your Spade, then take out your Mole Spade, and caft her out, for fhe will often lie ftill when fhe thinks fhe cannot get away ; when you have done, tread your Trench gently down again, and you may by this Means take many in the fame Trench. To take Moles that run jloAllovj in the Ground. A Mole runs /hallow generally in the Spring, that is, in April or May, early in the Morning, and for the moil Part in Trenches or Cart-ruts } you muft be very diligent in Watching her, and when you perceive where fhe runs, let her come forward in the Trench, then go foftly to the Place where fhe is, but not on the Wind Side, and ftamp the Ground hard down with your Foot, thrufting in your Mole Spade to prevent her going back ; which done, you may ea/ily throw her out and deftroy her. The IVay to take Moles in Pots fet in the Earth. You fhould fet your Pots in the Traces you have lately obferved Moles to go in, and fo placed, that the Tops of 452 The Farmers Beft Guide! the Pots muft be even with the Ground in the Trench, covering the Pots about half over; then put a live Mole in- to each Pot, for in the gendring Time, which is generally in the Spring, the Bucks will run after the Does, and thofe in the Pots will cry, and the others will wind and hear them, and follow them even into the Pots; and as they cannot get out again, they will cry and fight till they have almoft killed one another. They breed but once a Year, that is, in the Spring therefore from March view your Ground to find out any new-caft Hills, at the Middle whereof, pretty low, they make their Nefts, not unlike to that of a Field Moufe, fo that you mud obferve, that about St. Mark's Day you may pofiibly take all their young in their Nefts; and by watch- ing the Trench, you will catch the Dams coming to feek their young. How to find out the Nejls of Moles-. To drive Moles from Place to Place. When you perceive any Holes that are newly call, opea. the fame, and put therein ftamped Gavlick wrapped up in Linnen Clouts, of the Bignefs of a Walnut, plating each fo, that both Ends be open j then cover the Holes again* and the ftrong Smell thereof will caufe the Moles to go from thofe Places. Some advifeTar, fome Laurel, fome Coleworts or j Elder ftampt, fome Galbanum fumed in Holes, which will caufe them to fly ; fo that when yoti fee them work in other Grounds, always fume the famer and it will certainly drive them away. You may buy any Sort of Mole-traps In mod Market- Towns in England, and if they be fetby a good Hand in the Trenches or Hills they are Teen to run in, they witt take many as they come or go at all Times. Thusyoumay defiroy them in all Grounds if you will take Pains. Of Traps. Of Curs. A good Way to deftroy Moles In your Grounds, is to bring up a young Cur to go along with you when you go a catching them; when you take one, rub it gently and foftly about his Nofe, bob it to and fro at his Mouth, and then lay it down and let him mouthe it himfelf ; thus by playing with him, and letting him play with the Mole, antf a little conftant Praftice, he will come to find them out >nd kill them himfelf* and when he grows up and getsa thorough Scent of them, he will find out and deftroy three to your one. The Farmer’s Kalendar. The Farmer and. Husbandman having a Multiplicity of Bu- Jtnefs upon their Hands, by which Means fome Things may be apt to flip their Memories ; for preventing of which, I (hall here give them a Jhort Kalendar of Work to be done in the Fields, Tard} &c. in every Month throughout the Tear. JyfNU AR. T. Now is your Time to plow or fallow the Ground defigned for Peafe, Beans, or Oats j Tow for- ward Peafe; Water Meadow and Marfh Lands, and cut Furrows to drain your Arable Land ; if the Weather is Lofty, carry out your Dung, laying it in Heaps on the Land till mild Weather comes to fpread it. Lop and top Trees, and cut your Coppices and Hedge Rows s Hedge and Ditch ; Plant Trees : Cut away Ant-hills : Houfe your Weanling Calves and Colts ; Be careful of your Ewes and Lambs; fet Traps for Vermin ; remove Bees, and turn up Bee-hives, and fprinkle them with fweet warm Wort. FEB RU ARY. Sow Peafe, Beans, Tares, and Oats: Carry out Dung and fpread it before the Plough j but fot Failure Grounds that are wet, chufe the hard Frofts ; Flam Quickfets, and fitch Trees as were left undone laft Month. Set Ofiers, Poplars, Willows, and other Aqua- ticks. If the Seafon is mild, fow Hemp and Muftard- Seed : Cleanfe your Ground from Moles before Breeding Time, which is in March, and fpread the Mole-hills : Cue Coppices; Lop Trees; and Plafla Quickfets: Open half the Paflages for your Bees. M4RCH. This Month and the nextfow all forts ls£ French Gralles or Hay Seeds, and if temperate Weather, Hemp and Flax ; Sow alfo Oats, Barley, and Peafe : Eeftroy what Moles you could not laft Month: Continue 454 The Farmers Beft Guide. 10 fet Ofiers, Willows, and the like Aquaticks, Lay up your Meadows and Failures deftgned for Mowing, ana keep up your Fences. If the Weather be dry, roll your Wheat: Lop Trees, and fell Coppices. This is the beft Seafon to raife the beft Brood of Poultry. APRIL. If the Spring is forward, cleanfe and rid away the Wood from the Coppices, and fence them in to preferve them from Cattle. Fell fuch Timber you in- tend to bark. If the Seafon is dry, fallow your Ground, Cleanfe and fcour your Ditches, and make hafte to fow fuch French Seed as you could not fow laft Month. Sow Hemp and Flax alfo at the Beginning of this Month ; and at the End lay open your Bees, to gather the Sweets of the Flowers. MA T. If your Corn be too rank, mow it, or feed it down with Sheep. Sow Buck-wheat and later Peafe. Weed your Quickfets : t)rain wet and marfhy Grounds : Turn out your weanling Calves to Grafs': Twy-fallow your Ground; Get Home your Fewel; cleanfe your Ground from Broom, Furze, Go/s, &c. and grub up fuch Coppices and Hedgerows as you intend Phould not grow again: Sell off your Winter-fed Cattle *, look after your Sheep if the Weather proves wet, for Fear of the Rot. At the End of'this Month mow your Clover, St. Foyn, and other French Graffes j and watch your Bees, now ready to fwarm, JTINE. Wafh and fheer Sheep. And now begins the Hay Harvefl in high forward Meadows. Fallow your Wheat Land, which will kill the Weeds, and mellow the Ground. Cleanfe and fcour your Ponds and Ditches from the Mud. Fetch home your Fewel, before your Teem is employed in Harveft Affairs. Weed your Corn, and fow Rape, Cole-feed, and Turnip-feed, Take care of your Sheep for Fear of the Rot, for Mildews and Honey-dews begin to fall. Set Saffron. Be careful of your Bees, this Month being the principal Time of their fwarming. And now is the Time to diftill Waters, and make Syrups* The Farmers Kalendar. SUL T. Tins Month and the the next is the Husband- man’s bufy Time, Hay Harveft admitting of no Delay, Specially if fair Weather offers. Gather your earlieft Hemp and Flax : Sow Turnep-feeds. Towards the latter End of this Month your Rye will be ripe, efpecially if the Seafon be forward. Streighten the Entrance of your Bees, and kill the Drones, Wafps, Flies, &c. that an- noy them. 455 AUGUST. Continue bufy in getting in your Har- Veft. You may yet twy-fallow, and carry out your Dung for your Winter Corn, laying it in Heaps to be fpread before the Plough. Now geld your Lambs, and put a fatting fitch Ews and Cows as you no not intend for Store. About the End of this Month you may mow your Rowen or After-Marfh Grafs; alfo your Clover, and o- ther French Gvafles, will be fit to cut again. Look after your Bees, and ftreighten their Paflage to fecure them from Wafps ; and thofe you intend not to keep, deftroy for their Honey. SEPTEMBER. This Month Tow Wheat; geld Cat- tle ; put your Boars up to fatten •, beat out Hemp-feed, and water your Hemp. Gather Maft,and put your Swine into the Woods. Carry out what Dung you have to be fpread on your Wheat Land before the Plough. Look after your Bees, deftroy the Wafps, &c. Streighten the Entrance into their Hives, and deftroy thofe you intend not to keep, taking away their Honey, OCTOBER. Continue to Tow Wheat ; fbw alfo Hotfpurs on rich and warm Ground for a forward Crop : Lay up your Barley Land dry ; water-furrow, and drain your new-fown Wheat Ground ; fow Mafts for Coppices or Hedge-rows j plant Quickfets, and plafh your Quick- fet Hedges. You may alfo begin to fet Trees; wean your Colts foaled of your working Mares at the Spring j fell off fuch Sheep as you defign not to keep 5 and be careful in removing your Bees. NO FEME ER. Fat your Swine for Slaughter : Caft out your mufhy Straw in moift Places to rot for Dung: Plant Timber and Fruit-trees if the Weather be open: Fell Coppices and lop Trees ; Break Flax and Hemp j and deftroy Ant-hills. The Farmers Beft Guide, &c. DECEMBER. Now begin to houfe Cattle, or fod- der them Abroad : Lop Trees, and fell Coppices : Plant all Sorts of Trees, as well Fruit as others, provided they are fuch as (bed their Leaves : Bleed HoiTes ; Fat Cattle and Swine : Deftroy Ant-hills ; Over-flow Meadows, and drain your Corn Fields by cutting Water Furrows. It is a good Time to plough for Peafe or Beans : And be fure to feed fuch Stocks of Bees as are*weak. FINIS. INDEX TO THE Compleat Family-Piece, PART I. A. /JCH or Strain Page 78 Aches or pricking Pains in the Sides 40 Acidities or Heart-burnings 41 After-Fains 3 Ague 9, 19, 37, 40, 66, 67, 70, 74 • Quartan 40 and Fever intermitting 21 Tertian, an Amulet for 33 " a Wrift Plaifter for 40 Ale, Dr. Butlers, purging 173 Elder 189 to preferve it 202, 203 Alexiterial Milk Water 17 o Alkermes, Spirit of 173 Almond Cakes 140 - Puffs ibid. Anajfarca 40 Angelica Water, the greater Compofition of 169 Annifeed Water 177 Anthony's Fire - 121 Antifcorhutick Water 176 INDEX. Apoplexy £ Apopleflick Fits 39 Appetite to create 2 Apple Tanfy 128 Apricots, Marmalade of 147 ripe, Marmalade of ibid. preferved green 163 in Jelly 164 .— candied 166 ——■— dried 168 dried like Prunello’s ibid. April, a Bill of Fare for 152 Aqua Mirabilis I 70 Artichokes pi elded 15 9 Artificial Venifon 11 o Claret 191 Afhen-Keys pickled 161 Afthma 3, 16 Afthmatick Cough 45 Auguft, a Bill of Fare for 152 B. J>ACK, Pain or Heat of 7 Bacon, how to fait it 136 Bake Herrings 1 og Balls, favoury 99 Balfam to ftanch Blood of frefli Wounds 87 of Bolu ibid. for outward or inward Sores 91 for green Wounds 92 Barberries pickled 162 preferved 166 Syrup of 90 Barley Cinnamon Water 177 Gruel 102 Water 3° Bat alia Pye 1 3° Beans, French, pickled 161 Beef ftewed r 15 potted 13 2 Dutch liS Scarlet ibid. INDEX. Beef, a Rump to bake 116 ■ collared 133 Beer, to preferve it 202, 203 Bill of Fare 250, 151, 152, 153 Bijkets 145 • hard ibid. little hollow ones ibid. Dutch thin ones 146 Bifque of Pidgeons 113 Biting of a mad Dog 9, 14 Bitter Draught 24 Birch Wine 192 Black Jaundice 26 • Cherry Water for Children 30 Salve ' 82 Cherry Water 179 —— Cherry Wine 194 Bleeding inwardly, to flop 11 • j- to Hop in Wounds 67 BHJlers without Cantharides 43 • to raife 44 Blow in the Eye 13 Blood, to enrich _ , 1 —— congealed or bruifed 42 to ftanch from the Nofe and Body ibid. —■■■ fpitting 11 - extravafated to refolve 43 Bloody Flux 3, 47 Water 64 Boned and forced Pullets 1 j 3 Brace of Carp to drefs 107 Bread and Butter Pudding for Fait Days 123 Breajl, Leg or Arm (fore) 2 flaggy, to reduce 41 fore, before and after breaking 16 Ulcers in, and elfewhere 34 of Mutton collared 117 Breajls, to dry up Milk in 28 Breathing, Difficulty of 41 Brewing, Directions for 196 Velfels 197 ■ Veflels, to fweeten and clean them 204 INDEX. Brewing, the Seafon proper for it 205 Bride Pye 1 30 Broil Pidgeons whole 115 Broom Buds pidkled 157 Broth, flrong A 97 Brown Scotch Collops 120 French Loaves 14^ Briony Water, compound 18 3 Bruife or Contufion 41 by a Fall 11 inward 21 ■ in the Members 26 or Strain 57 Ointment 83 Buggs, to deftroy them 31 Bunns, to make them 144 Burn 7 to take Fire out of 30 Burns, efpecially recent ones 45 BurJiennefs 21 Butler's (Dr.) Cordial Water 172 Butter, a good Way to make it 102 Butter Prawns, Shrimps, and Crawfiflx HO Buttered Loaves to eat hot 12 j C, Pudding 12 2 pickled 162 forced whole 101 Red, Hewed 102 Cake, a Plumb one 141 an ordinary Seed one 143 a good one 142 —— an ordinary one 143 • a great one. Icing for it 138 —— Almond 14° —--Lemon 141 Orange ibid. & 144 Cakes of any Fruit, to clear them ibid. ■——* Shrewjlury 143 Calf's Head collared and pickled 162 - He ad dreffed 119 INDEX Calf's Head hafhed 120 Foot Jelly 148 another for ditto ibid. Cammomile Flower Water compound 182 Camphorated Water 178 Cancer in the Breaft 45 ■ not broken 37 Candy Fruit g I any Sort of Flowers 149 Cherries 166 Pears, Plumbs, Apricots, tfc. ibid. Flowers ibid. Cancer in the Mouth 2, 7 8 Cardemum I jg Carp, to drefs a Brace of 107 Carranvay Water ibid. Cake 142 Cajks, to clean and fweeten them 204 Catchup of Mulhrooms 96 Caudle, Oatmeal 103 a fine one ibid. Cephalick Water j Cere-Cloth ' 1 Cheefe, a frefh one lO’. Cherry Wine fg Brandy 176 Cherries, Syrup of 'Sg ■ Marmalade of X 47 — candied 155 ■ preferved x 5 _ Chicken Pye Chickens with Sellery 11 fricafied or white Ix 3, x3^ Child, a dead one, to bring away 20 Childblain Salve g t Children’s Blood to fweeten 2 3 Chocolate Almonds 128 Cho/ick 18, 38, 41, 46, 68, 70, 76 Cinnamon Water, Barley X 77 Water, fmall 183 Water, Prong 182 Citron Water 1,78 INDEX. Claret, artificial i i Clear Winev jg- Clove Water, white 170 Water, red *ibid. Codlin Jelly Colds 8,26 Co//<*r a Breaft of Mutton 117 Collared Eels 134. ■ -Beef 136 Cellops, Scotch 119 Brown, Scotch 120 white ibid. Compound Scordium 173 Piony Water 181 Gentian Water 182 Briony Water 183 Compaction, the leffer of Wormwood Water 184 the greater of Wormwood Water ibid. Conferve of Rofes 89 Confumption 6, 18 Procefs in a 22 Confumptions, a Lime Water for 3 3 a nourifhing Aliment for 45 a Water againft 172 Contufions 45, 57 Convulfion Fits 8, 46, 74 Convuljtom in Children 10 and Epilepfies 51 Cordial Water, Dr. Butler’s 172 — Mint Water 173 Black Cherry Water 179 — Gold 180 Coflivenefs 23 Cough, Whooping 24 * Tickling 34 Coughs 31 Cow-heel fried 117 Cowjlip Wine 193 Cramp, an Amulet againk 3 3 Crawf/h Soop 93 buttered 11 o Cream, whipt 103 I N D E X. Cream Sack 104 Goolberry ibid. • Cheefe, a Summer one XO5 Cruji for Tarts 139 Cucumbers fried 98 forced i©2 to pickle t 156 ■ mango’d 158 green, preferred 167 • pickled in Slices 160 Curlews potted 133 Currant Wine 191 Currants, Syrup of 91 Marmalade of 145 preferred 165 Cujlards, very good 127 Cutlets, Veal, larded 159 Pork 121 Cyder j 8 7 a ftronger Sort than common ibid. T\Jce, a gocd Way to drefs them xo6 Daffy's Elixir jyg Damafcen Wine 193 Deafnefs 6, 70 December, a Bill of Fare for 153 Diarrhea 47 Difficulty of Breathing 41 Directions for Brewing 196 Difeafe, Venereal 29 Difguifed Mutton 118 Dijhes, Direftions for placing them on Table, 154,155 Dijiil Verjuice for Pickle 162 Dr. Butlers Cordial Water 172 Dr. Stef hens's Water 175 Dr. Butler's Purging Ale ibid. Draught of Salts in a Fever 13 bitter 24 Drefs a Diih of Fifh in general 105 —— a Brace of Carp 107 D. INDEX Drefs a Hare 112 a Calf’s Head 119 Drink, to preferve it 202, 203 DroPfy 6, 64, 69 Dry Plumbs or Apricots 168 ■—• Apricots like Prunello’s ibid. Duck with Horfe-radifh 114 Dullnefs of Hearing, or Hyflerical AfFeblions 5 3 Dutch Beef 116 Bilket, thin 146 Dyfentery 32,37,47,51,75 E. TpEls collared 134 -*~~J—potted 137 Eggs with Sorrel 100 Elder, Syrup of 183 Juice 189 Ale 191 Buds to pickle 157 Elixir Salutis 30 Proprietatis 17 3 ■ ■ Stoughton’.; ' 178 Dafiy’j 179 Endive ragoed 101 Englijb Katchup 97 • Sack 191 Epilepjies 51 Evil 2 5 Exulcerations in the Kidneys 66 Ty* Sight to preferve, or reftore if loft 5 Sight, Water for 11 Contufion in the 47, 48, 57 clammy Humours in the 47 Bloodfhot 48, 69 Inflammation and Tumour of the 48, 71, 77 outward Aflliftions of the ibid. Rednefs and light Films- of the 49, 75 a violent Delluxion to ftop on the 49 Water, Lady Fitz - Harding's ibid, Water to keep the Eye cool c o Water, an excellent one 50, 76 INDEX. Eye, Stroke or Bruife of the 74 •—■ Water 171 Eyes, Heat in 3 8 (harp and flimy Humours in the 48 * Drynefs to prevent 76, 77 to prevent their running 76 T~\Ace fwelled j 3 Falling Sicknefs 2J, 38 Falling down of the Fundament 52 Fare, a general Bill of 150, 151, 152, 153 v February, a Bill of Fare for 150 Fever, a Purge for ' j • a Draught of Salts for it 13 an excellent Drink in 51 Fevers, to abate the Heat and Violence of 13, 38 • a Water for 36 Film on the Eye c 0 68, 77 Fine Bread Pudding ,2j FzVr, St. Anthony's 2j Fijh Sauce a Way to drefs it in general 105 Fits of the Mother Flooding 2 j Flounders with Sorrel jog Flower of All-Salve 80 Flowers, Syrup of 90 of any Sort candied 149, 166 to pickle j 37 Flummery, a pretty Sort 127 F/a*, bloody 047 Fluxes of the Belly I Fora Cucumbers 102 Forced and boned Pullets 115 Meat Balls, fweet 117 French Loaves, brown 145 French Bean.s pickled isi Frejh Strain 16 Cheefe 104 Fricafy of Chickens 114 of Tripe /117 F. INDEX Fricafy of Lamb j 19 Fricafied Rabbits 113 Fried Cow-heel 117 Fritters, a good Way to make them 125 Fruit to candy 90 fcalded 99 - Green, preferved 166 Fry Oyfters 107 Fried Cucumbers 98 (~lAngrene, to prevent 65 Garden Things boiled green 99 Gargle for a fore Throat 52 Gafcoign's Powder 84 Gentian Water, compound 182 Gingerbread without Butter 138 Gleetings 72 Gold Cordial 3 80 Golden Pippins preferred 165 Gonorrhoea 52 Good Soop • 94 Goojberry Cream 104 • Gam 126 —■—— Vinegar 180 Wine 192 Goofe Pye 13 2 —— potted 134 Gout 4 Grapes, Wine of 190 Gravel, to bring away 2 l2 a Water againft 171 Gravy Soop 95 ■ for keeping 97 Green Sicknefs x 2 Salve 8 2 Peas Soop 95 —>— Plumbs preferved 163 Apricots preferved ibid. Fruit preferved 166 Grinding Malt 198 Gripe Water , 14 G. INDEX Gripes 7, 52 in Children 8, 5 2 ■ and Fluxes 72, 73 Gruel, Barley 102 Gudgeons marinated xo6 in Rock Jelly ibid. Gums rotten or corrupt 25 • Scurvy in the, a Water againft 175 Gurnets in Rock Jelly 106 TJjms, Wejiphalia 135 Hands, Weaknds in the 56 Hanged Beef 133 Hard Bi fleets 145 Swellings, to ripen and difeufs 18 Hare ftewed 112 drefied ibid. • jugged ibid. Pye 13 x ■ potted 133 Hajhed roaft Mutton x 18 Calf’s Head 120 Hajly-Pudding 124 Heartburn, Lozenges for 19, 33 Hart's-Horn Jelly 128 another for ditto ib. Haunch of Venifon roafted x 1 x Head, Pain of 19, 71 Weaknefs or Giddinefs in 19 • Snuff for 20 •—— a Powder for 53 (Calf’s) drefled 119 (Calf’s) hafhed 120 Hearing, Difficulty of -35 Heat about the Orifice of the Stomach 39 Hemorrhoids 30, 37, 53, 54 Herrings baked 109 Red, to pickle Trout Fafhion 160 Hiccough 71 Hiera Pier a, plain 172 Hog Meat Pye 128 Puddings, White 124 H. INDEX. Hogs Tongues- dried 13 5 Hoarfenefs, a Purge for 28, 37 Hollow Bilkets Hops 197 Horfe-radijh Water j How to boil Tench 108 Hungary Water Hurt in the Eye IO J. Amtary, a Bill of Fare for 150 Jaundice 11,38 Black 36 Yellow 32, 54, 66 Ice for a groat Cake 138 Icing for Tarts 139 Jelly, aPigin 149 Codlin or Pippin ib. to preferve Apricots in 164 to preferve Ralpberries in 167 IJfue, to make raw 39 Itch, a Walk to cure it 51, 54 Jug a Hare 112 Juice of Elder 184 July, a Bill of Fare for 132 June, a Bill of Fare for 151 Juniper Water 169 K. TAAtchup, TLngliJh 97 ** *■ Keep Wallnuts good all the Year 168 Kibe Heels 16 Kidneys, Pain in the 3 3 ■ Stoppage in the ib. Exulcerations in the % 66 King's Evil 32,5 5, 64, 71, 72 T Ahour, to bring away the Child, 33 Lamb fricafied * 119 Pye favoury 130 Lapis Contrayer'va 28 Larded Veal Cutlets 119 Legs of Mutton-rHam-Fa/hion 13 5 L. index. Lemon Puffs 140 Cakes Peel pickled Water ,|i Lent, Sauce for Filh in 107 Leprofy 7q Lime Water 33>8i Water for Obflruflions and Confumptions 23 Juice ,83 Limbs, to abate fcorbutick Pains in the 5 5 Lips, Roughnefs of the 5^ Liquid Laudanum Little Hollow Bifkets Loaves, brown French ones ib, Lobjiers roafted j Loofenefs 3, Lunacy * Lungs, a Drink to preferve them 23 a Purge for them 28 M. IK/fJckril fouced leg IV± Mad Dog, for the biting of a 9, 14, 44 Madnefs 5^ Malignant Fevers 23 Malt j • for grinding it 198 Mango Cucumbers March, a Bill of Fare for jro Marinate Soles, Smelts, Gudgeons, &c. 106 Marmalade of Currants j • of Apricots of ripe Apricots ibid. of Cherries ibid Marrow Pudding Iz^ May, a Bill of Fare for 1 x Mead, l2g Me lot Soop Members, Bruife in the 26 Menfes, to procure 20 ———— SuppreiTion of the 73 INDEX. Mejhing, or taking your Liquors tgs Metheglin jgg Milk, to increafe in Nurfes 27 Water 170 Water, Alexiterial ibid. Minced Pyes 129 Mint Water iji Water Cordial J73 Mifcarrying, to prevent 20 Mouth fore 17 Mum 186 Mujhroom Powder, a good fort 147 Mujhrooms potted 13 3 —— Catchup of 96 • flowed 102 pickled 1 3 8 Vinegar for 171 • to keep without Pickle 167 Muftard, an incomparable Way to make it 1 z i Mutton with Oyfters 117 to collar a Break of ibid. roafted, and Hewed Oyfters 118 difguifed ibid. • Pye 13 2 Leg of, Ham-Falhion 135 N. 'Aj'Eat's Tongues dried 136 *■ Tongues potted ibid. Tongues pickled 161 Necklaces for Children’s Teeth 28 Nipples, fore j 6 Norfolk Links 13 g November, a Bill of Fare for 153 Nur/es, to increafe Milk in them 27 Nutmeg Water 182 O. At meal Caudle 103 Pudding 127 Ohjlrufiions, a Lime Water for 3 3 INDEX. October, a Bill of Fare for Ointment for the Gout 80 for Burns and Scalds ibid. —— for Warts ibid. for Burns 83 for the Itch ibid. for a Scald-Head ibid. to caufe Hair to grow 84 Old Strain, an effectual Remedy for 1 o Onions pickled 15 S Orange Pudding 122 Cakes 141, 144 ■ Peel pickled 157 — Water \ 8 2 Ordinary Cake 143 —— Seed Cake ibid. Ortelans roarted 115 Oyjiers in Rock Jelly 10 6 —- fried ibid. ■— "to Turkeys \ 114 - with Mutton 117 rtewed for roart Mutton 1r 8 —— pickled 159 r. T)Jin in the Stomach 1$ * in the Side ibid. Pain in the Bones 17 in the Head 19 Palfy 55 Pancakes, a good Way to make them 125 Paralytick Affeftions 56 Pajie for Parties 140 PaJUes, little ones to fry 131 Pajiy, Venifon no Partridge Pye 130 Pears candied 166 Peas Soop 94 Soop, green 95 Perry 187 Pejiilence, a Prefervative againft 14 Pickle Cucumbers J56 Wallnuts ibid. index. Pickle Elclern, or other Buds of Trees 157 Flowers ibid. Samphire ibid. Purllain ibid. Lemon and Orange Peel ibid. Onions x j-g Mulhrooms ibid. ■ Oyfters , Artichokes ibid. Pork ibid*. Salmon x g0 Herrings Red Trout-Falhion ibid. Cucumbers in Slices ibid. Neat’s Tongues j6z Alhen Keys ibid. French Beans ibid. Tongues ,62 - ■■■ Cabbage ' ib. Barberries ' ibid. Calf’s Head ibid. Pickles, to diftil Verjuice for them ibid. Pidgeons, Bifque of j 13 * Hewed x j broiled whole ib. Pig Lamb-Falhion 121 —in Jdl7 149 roafted ibid. Pigs Ears ragoed , 20 Pike roafted } Q Pile Ointment ot Piles rues 2,55 Piony Water Compound 1 g x Pippins in Jelly i4q Plague Water Plaifier, a {Lengthening one 78 to {Lengthen the Stomach ibid. againft the Vapours, Spleen, and Shortnefs of Breath -9 to difcufs Tumours ibid. for Corns 79, 86, 87 to foften and loofen Corns 79 to cure Corns g^ INDEX. Plaijler for an Ague 3$ for the Back ibid. for the Feet in a Fever ibid. for an Ague 86 to prevent the Rheum’s falling on the Eyes ib. Pleurify 37, 56, 75 if you cannot be blooded 1 Plumb Porridge 96 Cake 141 Plumbs, green, preferved 16,3 candied 166 dried 168 Polognia Saufages 137 Pork Cutlets 121 pickled 139 Pot Neat’s Tongues 136 Eels 137 Beef 132 Potatoe Pudding 1 26 Potted Curlews j 3 3 Hare ibid. Goofe and Turkey 134. ——Mulhrooms 133 Powder of Mulhrooms 147 — for Convullion Fits 86 to reliore Sight 84 to help Delivery ibid. Prawns buttered mo Preferve green Plumbs 163 green Apricots ibid. Apricots in Jelly 164 whole Quinces white ibid. ———- Golden Pippins 165 Rafpberries. ib. ——.— Currants ib. Fruit green 166 Barberries ibid. —. Rafpberries in Jelly 167 Cherries ibid. green Cucumbers ibid. Drink, as Beer, Ale, &c. zO2, 203 Procefs in a Conlumption zz INDEX. Ruff Fade 138 Fade for Tarts 139 Puffs, Almond 140 * Lemon ib. Pullets forced and boned 115 Purge for Children, &c. 65 Purging Ale, Dr. Butler % 175 Purjlain pickled 157 Qe (fffUaking Pudding 125 Wine 194 Quinces, Syrup of 91 whole ones, to preferve them white 164 Quine ey 8 R. ~jT)Ahhlts boiled, a Sauce for io i ■**' Rabbits fricaded i 13 Ragoo of Oyders 101 of Endive ibid. of Pigs Ears 120 Raifon Wine 190, 193 • White Wine 189 Raff berries preferved 165 preferved in Jelly 167 Wine of 190 Rafpberry Fool 126 Ratafa 183 Reco-ver Venifon when it dinks 111 • Wine when decayed 195 Red Clove Water 170 ■— ¥/ine J 189 • Cabbage dewed 102 Reft, to caufe it without Opiates 56 Rheumatifm 14, 17 Rice Pudding J 23 Whitepot 1 26 Rickets 10, 17 Roaji Lobders 106 • Salmon whole 108 Pike 109 —— a Haunch of Venifon 111 INDEX. Roajl Mutton and Hewed Oyfters 118 Roajled Ortelans 117 Mutton halh’d 118 Pig 121 Rofa Solis 174 Rofe Water 176 Rofes, Sugar of 89 Royal Ufquebaugh I g x Rump of Beef baked 116 Rupture in Children 37 Ruptures in the Belly ibid. Rye Bread Pudding 122 QACK Cream 104. o— EngliJh t* Saffron, Spirit of 174 Sage Wine 194 Sagoe 103 Salmon roafted whole 108 pickled 160 Salt Bacon Salve for Childblains gj Salve for the King’s Evil ibid. for fore Lips ibid. Samphire pickled 1-7 Sarragoffa Wine 19 x Sauce for Fi/h 98 • for Woodcocks ib. for boiled Rabbits 101 for Filh in Lent 107 Savoury Lamb Pye 1 Balls 29 Saufages, Polognia \37 to make good ones ibid. Scald 7 Fruit 09 Scarlet Beef 115 Scorhitick Aches or Pains 39 Cholicks 41 Scordium Water, Compound 173 S. IND E X Scotch Collops 119 Collops, Brown 120 Scrophulous Humours in Children’s Eyes 67 Ulcers 73 Scurvy 71 a Water againll 173 in the Gums, a Water againll; 175 Seafons, which are the belt for Brewing 205 Seed Cake, a good one 142 Sellery for Chickens 114 September, a Bill of Fare for 152 Sharp Humours to correct 53 Sharpnefs of Urine an Emulfion for 61 Sheep's Tongues dried 136 Shingles 15 Shrenvjberry Cakes 143 Shortnefs of Breath 16 Shrimps buttered 11 o Shrub 189 Side, Pain of * 15 Sight, an Elefluary to llrengthen 50 a dillilled Water to llrengthen 57 Skins, to take off the Heat and Roughnefs ibid. Sleep, want of, from Heat in the Head 74 Small Cinnamon Water 183 Smelts marinated 106 Snail Water 178 Snuff for the Head 20 Sties marinated 2 06 Soop, Crawfilh 93 Melot 94 Peas ib. a very good one ibid. -—'— of Green Peas 95 white, with poached Egg& 96 Sore Breall, before ’tis broken , i 6 Break, when ’tis broken ibid. Nipples ibid. • Mouth 17 —Throat 27 Sores, a Water for 36 INDEX. Sorrel Soop with Eggs 95 with Eggs - 100 with Flounders 108 Souce Mackril 109 Sparrow Pye 132 Spirit of Alkermes 173 >■■■ of Saffron 17,4. of Wine camphorated 175 Spitting of Blood 11 Spotted Fever 23 Stephens, Dr. his Water j 75 Stew a Hare l j 2 —— Pidgeons 11 £ Stewed Mufhrooms 102 Red Cabbage ibid. • Beef j 1 $ Oyfters for roaft Mutton 118 Stinks, to recover Venifon when it does 111 Stitch in the Side 3> 27 Stomach to ftrengthen 2 - ■— fore 5 Pain of j Windy 19 —' to ftrengthen and take off griping Pains 57 Siomachical Tincture 39 Stone, 12,31,38,58,66,68 a Water againft 171, 180 Stopping of Blood, a Styptick Water for 42,43 Stoughton's Elixir 178 Strain, an old one 10 a frelh one 16 a ftrengthening Plaifter after it 35 or Bruife 3 7 or Ach 7 8 Stranguary 26 Strawberry Fool > 126 Strawberries, Wine of X9O Strong Broth 97 Cinnamon Water 182 Styptick Water 175 Sugar of Rofes 89 INDEX Sullibubs whipt 127 Surfeit Water 174 Sweet forced-meat Balls 117 Sweeten and clean Brewing Casks 204 Swelling in the Face 13 Syrup of Cherries 89 of any Flowers 90 —— of Barberries ibid. of Violets ibid. to candy Fruit ibid. of Quinces 91 of Currants ibid. ——of Elder 183 T. *T* Able, Directions for placing the Di flies on it JS4> **ls tanjy very good 128 7arts. Cruft for them 139 -— Icing for them • ibid. Puff-Pafte for them ibid. 'teal with Horfe-Radiftx 114 teeth to make white 26 - " ■to faften £9, 69 ■— Necklaces for Children’s 20 tench boiled 108 tertian Ague, an Amulet for 33 tetters and the Itch 61 terms to provoke 17 thin Dutch Biskets •* 146 thorn, to draw out 11 throat fore 27 thrujb in Children’s Mouths 16,61,66 tickling Cough 3 4 tongues, to pickle them 162 tooth-Ach 15, 32, 59, 65 treacle Water 180 tripe fricafied 117 tumours 36, 60, 69 turbot Pye 129 INDEX. Turkey with Oyfters 114 potted 134 V. T/'Cutlets larded 119 ' Pye 131 Venereal Difeale 29 Venifon, artificial 11 o Party ibid. a Haunch roarted 111 — to recover when it ftinks ibid. • Pye 131 Vertigo, againft the 67 Vejfels for Brewing 197 Vinegar for Mufhrooms 17 r Goofberry 180 Violets, Syrup of 90 Vipers, Remedies againft the Biting of them 62, 72 Verjuice dillilled for Pickle 162 Ulcers, Scrophulous 73 • in the Breaft and elfewhere 34 in the Legs and elfewhere ibid, a Water for 36,61 Umble Pye 131 Vomit, a good one 7 Vomiting 5, 26, 62 Urine, Incontinency of 47 to provoke, when flopped 21 for Sharpnefs of 32 a Powder for fuch as cannot hodd it 29 Suppreflion of 62 Ufquebaugh, Royal 181 Ufquebaugh 182 Uvula 9 W. IT/'Allnut Water 185 Wallnuts to pickle 156 to keep good all the Year 168 - W rrr INDEX. Water to be ufed in Brewing j 97 ■ to clear the Eye-fight 11 for the Gripes > 14 bloody 64 Way to drefs Dace 106 Weftphalia Hams 135 Whipt Sullabubs 127 Cream 103 White Salve 82 • - Soop with poached Eggs 96 ———• Collops 12C —— Hog Puddings 124 Rice Pot 126 Clove Water 170 Whites, or any Flux 3 Whitloe 39 Whole Salmon roafted 108 Pidgeons, broiled fo 115 Whooping Cough 24 Windy Stomach 19 Wine, Spirit of, camphorated 175 of Grapes 190 of Strawberries or Rafpberries ibid. Saragoifa 191 Currant ibid. Goofeberry 192 —— Rafpberry ibid. Birch ibid. Raifon 193 • Damafcen ibid. —— Cowflip ibid. Cherry 194 Black Cherry ibid. Sage ibid. Quince ibid. ~— to clear it 195 to recover when turned iharp ibid. Womb to cleanfe after Child-bearing 67, 70 Women in Labour to bring away the Child 3 3 Wonderful Water 176 Woodcock Sauce 98 INDEX. Working Liquors in Brewing 200 JTom-Powder for Children 84 Worms " 27 Wormwood Water, the leffer Compofition of 184 Water, the greater Compofition of ibid. Wound-Drink, an excellent one 63 Wriji~Plaifter for Defluxions and Fumes of the Eyes 80 Y, TElhno Balfam SS —— Jaundice 32, 54, 66 —Salve for a Dropfical Leg 88 INDEX To PART II. BEING THE Gentleman’s bell Guide A. /JNgling, See Fijhing. April, Kalendar for, 290. Work to be done in, the Fruit Garden, ib. and 291. Fruits yet in their Prime, ib. Work to be done in the Flower Gar- den, Green Houle, &c. 291, 292, 293. Plants now in Bloom, ib. Work to be done in the Kitchen Garden, ib. 294, 295. Product of the Kitchen Garden, ibid. Arms, how to keep them from Ruft, 247 Kalendar for, 315. How to order the Fruit Garden, ib. Fruits yet in Prime, ib. 316. Flow INDEX. to order the Flower Garden, ib. 317, 318. Plants now in Bloom, ib. 319. How to order the Kitchen Garden, ib. 320. Products of the Kitchen Gar- den, ibid. B. Tb Alger Hunting, 218. Dogs proper for hunting * him, ib. two forts of Badgers, with a Defcrip- tion of them, ib. particular account of making their Burrows, ib, 219. different Names of Badgers, ib. how to hunt him, ib. how to dig him out of his Burrow, 220 Barbel. See Fijhing. * Black-Ball, how to make for Boots, 247 Fleck. See Fijhing. S/W-Hounds, a Defcription of them, 208 Bream, Sea Fijhing. Utah-Hunting, 213. great Skill required in hunting ' him, ib. proper Places for hunting him,, end manner, ib. Ceremony at hit Death, 114 Bull-Head, See fijhing. C. See Fijhing. CajHng Net, how to throw it, See Fijhing, Chub. See Fijhing. Coney Hunting. See Rabbit Hunting. Cowjing, Directions to be obferv’d therein, 230 D. T\Jce. See Fijhing, December, Kalendar for, 337, Work neceflary to be done in the Fruit Garden, ib. and 338. Fruits yet in their Prime, ib. Work to be done in the Flower Garden, Green Houfe, &c. ib. 339, 340. INDEX. Plants now in Bloom, ib. Work to be done in the Kitchen Garden, 341. Products of the Kitchen Garden, ibid. Deer, C'ourling of a, in a Paddock, 231. courfmg him in a Foreft or Purlieu, 232 Dng, Setting. See Setting. , Mad, a Remedy for the Bite of a mad Dog, 248. Ditto ib. how to cure when flaked, or flop a vio- lent Effufion of Blood, 249. how to cure a frelh Wound, ib. how to cure Convulfions, 250. a Purge for a poifoned Dog, ib. to cure a Megrim, ib. to cure Films growing over his Eyes, ib. and feq. a cure for the Bite of a Mad Dog, 251. Ditto ib. to kill Ticks, Lice, or Fleas, ib. ditto ib. for the Worm under the Tongue, ib. for fore Ears, 252 E. JJEIs. See Fijhing. ~*~J Eel Pouts, See Fijhing. F. J-fEhruary, Kalendar for, 281. DireClions to be ob- ferved in the Fruit Garden, ib. Fruits yet in their Prime, ib. Directions to be obferved in the flower Garden, Green Koufe, &c. 282, 283. Plants now in Bloom, ib. Directions to be obferved in the Kitchen Garden, ib. and 284, 285. Pro- ducts of the Kitchen Garden, ibid. Fliking, Cautions, Rules, and Directions to be ob- served therein, 253. a Defcription of the Rod, 254. how to chufe good Hair, Hooks, &c. 255. how to make Hair Lines for Angling, ib. how to colour your Hair, 256. particular Months require particular Colours, ib. the way to whip a Hook, 257- how to make an artificial Fly, ib. particu- lar Fly for the Month of March, 258. ditto for INDEX. April, ib. ditto for May, ib. ditto for June, ib, ditto for July, ib. ditto for Augujl, 250. how to make Floats, ib. and 260. the Intent of Floats, ib. how to preferve live Baits, ib. and 261. how to throw the Calling Net, ib. and 262. Dire- ctions for Angling, ib. and 263, 264. Methods and Baits for taking different forts of Filh, 264, 265. how to take Salmon Fry, ib. how to take a Trout, ib. and 266. how to take Pike, ib. and 267. how to fix your Bait, ib. another way to take Jack or Pike, 268, 269. Carp, when in their Prime, and how to take them, ib. and 270. how to take Perch, ib. and 271. how and where to take Barbel, ib. how and where to take Chub, ib. how to take Bream, ib. and 272. when and where to take Greyling and Umber, ib. when and where to take Flounders, ib. how to take Mul- lets, 273. how and when to take Smelts, ib. when and where to take Roach, ib. how to take Rud, ib. when and where to take Dace, ib. how to take Gudgeons, ib. and 274. how to take Bleek, ib. how to catch Eels, ib. how to take Eel Pouts, ib. how to take Pope or Ruff, ib. how to take Minnows, 275. how to take Bull-Head or Miller’s- Thumb, ib. how to take Loach, ib. how to take Sticklebacks, ibid. Fitchet, Hunting of, 228, 229 Flounders. See Fijhing.. Fox, Courfing of the, 234 Fox Hunting, 214. a healthful and beneficial Recre- ation for Gentlemen, ib. a Defcription of the Hounds for hunting him, ib. bell Seafon for hunting him, 215. the Nature of a Fox, ib. Method now obferved in hunting him, ib. his Subtilties when clofely purfued,- 216. Ceremony at his Earthing, ib. how to get him out, or enfnare him, ib. and 217. his Death, ib. Terriers, a ufeful Species for Baying at him in his Holes, ibid. INDEX. G. GReyhound, how to harden his Feet, 24.3 Greyling. See Fijhing. Gudgeons. See Fijhing. H, T7ARE. courfing of the, 233. Directions to be obferved in couriing him, ibid. Hare, hunting of, 220. Dogs proper for hunting him, ibid. Different Sorts of Hares, ibid, what called, 221. Howto hunt him, ibid. Seafon for hunting him, 222. Seafon and Situation of the Ground where you hunt, ibid. Some Lands in which a Dog can never make any Scent, 223. Caution againll Hunting in frofty Weather, ibid. how to reward the Hounds at his Death, ibid. Hart or Stag Hunting, 207. Directions for the Huntfman how to purfue him, 208. Defcription of the Dogs neceffary for hunting him, ibid, the Seafon for hunting him, ibid, different Sorts of Harts, 203. Account of brown, red, and fallow Harts, ibid, how to find out his Layer or Har- bour, ibid, how to manage when you have har- bour’d him, ibid, and 210. how to unharbour and chafe him, 211. Ceremony to be perform’d at his Death, 212 Hounds, Blood, a Defcription of them, 208 Hunting the Badger. See Badger Hunting. the Buck. See Buck Hunting. the Fox. See Fox Hunting. . - 1 .mi-' the Rabbit. See Rabbit Hunting, INDEX. J. cjtAnuary, Kalendar for, 276. Cautions to be obfer- J ved in Gardening, ib. bow to order the Fruit Garden, 277. Fruits yet in their Prime, ibid. Di- rections to be obferved in the Flower Garden, Green-Houfe, &c. 278. Plants now in Bloom, ib. Rules for ordering the Kitchen Garden, 279, 280. Produdi of the Kitchen Garden, 281 July, Kalendar for, 308. Work to be done in the Fruit Garden, ibid, and 309. Fruits yet in their Prime, ibid. 310. Work to be done in the Flower Garden, Green-Koufe, lAc. 310, 311, 312. Plants now in Bloom, ibid. 313. Work to be dene in the .Kitchen Garden, ibid. 314. Product of the Kitchen Garden, ibid. June, Kalendar for, 302. Work to be done in the Fruit Garden, ibid. 303. Fruit yet in their Prime, ibid. Work to be done in the Flower Garden, Green-Houfe, &c. ibid. 304, 305. Plants now in Bloom, ibid. 306, 307. Work to be done in the Kitchen Garden, 307, 308. Products ofthe Kitchen Garden, ibid. K. TAAlendar of Gardening for every Month in the *■ Year j which fee under each Month, L. j Oach. See Fijhing. M. % /TAnge in a Dog, how to cure it, 249 d '-*• Martern blunting, 228, 229 March, Kalendar for, 285. how to order the Fruit Garden, ibid. 286. Fruits yet in Prime, ibid, how INDEX. £0 order the Flower Garden, Green-Houfe, &c. ib. 287, 288. Plants now in Bloom, ibid. 289. Work to be done in the Kitchen Garden, ibid. 290. Pro- ducts of the Kitchen Garden, ibid. May, Kalendar for, 295. Work to be done in the Fruit Garden, ibid. 296. Fruits yet in their Prime, ibid. Work to be done in the Flower Garden, Green-Houfe, &c. 297, 298, 299. Plants now in Bloom, ibid. 300. Work to be done in the Kitchen Gardeil, 301, 302. Products of the Kitchen Gar- den, ibid'. Miller s Thumb. See Fijk’ntg. Min no-TV. See Fijhing, Mullets. See Fijhing. N. ~\JOAck drained 402 Barley. See Arable Lands. Bath for the Swine Pox 440 Beans. See Arable Lands. Beajls as have broken Bones, or mifplaced ones 415 Belt in Sheep *425 Bees, and how to order them 445 Bite of a mad Dog, Slow-worm, or Viper 413 Black Water in Cows 417 Bladders in the Mouth 390 Blain in a Cow 416 Bleed by Meafure 372 Blood Spavin 382 in Sheep 426 Bloody Flux 388 Rifts in the Palate 390 Scower, a Drink for it 410 Botches or Ixnpofthumes 383 Bringing of Wheat, Barley, Oats, &c. 339 Broken winded Horfes 376 Broom Salve for the Scab or Ray in Sheep 421 Bruifes in Cattle 414 Buck Wheat. See Arable Lands. Burnt Clay. See Meadow Ground. Alves 398 to feed them while they fuck 418 Canker 3 83 Cattle, Direftions how to keep them 400 how to difpofe of them at Failure, ibid. c. INDEX. Cattle, Directions for buying them ibid. Caution to prevent your taking a Clap in the Back- Sinews fora Shoulder-Slip 370 Choler in Hogs 434 Cholick or Belly bound 393 Chords in a Horfe 390 Clap in the Back-Sinews 370 Clay, the Method of burning it 345 See Soils. Clo-ver. See Grafs Seeds. Clue bound. 408 Cods fwollen in a Bull 416 Coffin-Joint, a Strain in the 384 Cold, a Cordial Ball for 369, 388 Cole Seed. See Rape. Colt, how to order him after Weaning 392 Colt-E'vil, or fhedding the Seed 389 Colts to breed 362 Cordial Balls for a Horfe 370, 381 Cojiiwe 380 Cough in a Cow or Bullock 404 - a dry bulky one 388 —— in Sheep 424 Cerw-Dung. See Dungs. Centos 397 Curs. See Moles Cutting or gelding of Lambs. 42 S Curs. See Moles D. T\Arters in Sheep 427 Diapente 391 Dirt of Towns. See Soils taken from the Sea Shore. Difeafes in Horfes Ears 393 of Poultry. See Fowl. Drink, a general one for Cattle that are ill 401 Drepfy 384 Dungs, &c. 357 Sheep’s ' ibid. Horfe’s ibid. Cow’s . ibid. Swine’s ibid. Fowl’s 358 A 1 A /I INDEX. —=— Wood Allies ibid. Soap Alhes ibid. * Rags ibid. • Malt Dull ibid. Hair, Horn-lhavings, (Ac. ibid. Soot ibid. Salt ibid. E. "pNclofures 343 Eye-lids fwelled 387 Eyes a Water for fuch as are inflamed 380 for Rheum or Defluxion in them, 382, 387 * a Bite or Stroke in them 387 an Ointment for them 396 —— fore in Sheep 425 F. LpAint on the Road 373 *• Farcin, or Party 380, 396 Another for ditto. 380 Two more for ditto. 381 Farming, a Kalendar for it 453 Feed Hogs for Lard 440 Fever PelHlential 380 Fever in a Cow or Bullock 404 Flax. See Arable Land. Flux, Lask or Scower in Cattle 403 Fowls, Dire&ions for keeping them 440 for feeding them 441 their Difeafes and Cure ibid. Dung. See Dungs. Fuller t Earth. See Soils. G. (~IAII, flowing of the 428 in Swine. 436 Gangrene ' ■ 3 81 Gargut 407 or Blood in Swine 43 3 Gargyfe 4° 7 I N D E X. Gelding of Pigs 439 of Hogs ibid. Glanders 383, 384, 396 Gleen, for a Cow that cannot 417 Grain 35° Grafs Seeds; as Clover 346 Sain-Foin 347 Trefoil or Nonfuch 348 La Lucerne 349 Greafe, Balls to cure it 382 Surfeit, Lofs of Appetite, &c. 379 Green Wounds, an Ointment for 412 Gripes in a Horfe 373 H. TTAir, Horn-lhavings, bV. See Dungs. Haw, and other Difeafes of the Eyes 41 3 Heels cracked 336 fwelled, an Ointment for them 367 Hemp. See Arable Lands. Hide-Bound 40 7 Hogs, to caufe them to thrive. 431 ■ to feed them for Lard 440 Horfl-Dang. See Dungs. Ointment 36^ Hor/es, how to buy them, 363 Huflandman's, Kalendar 453 Husk in Bullocks 409,; Hyde-Bound. See Hide-Bound. I. TMpoflhume in the Ear 395 *■ in Cattle 410 Inflammation in the Lungs 41 j Itch in Sheep 420 ffAlendar of Farming 453 ** Kernels in Swine, and their Cure 432 Kibe in a Euilock 405 Kidneys, for a Pain in them 391 K. INDEX. T A Lucer7ie. See Grafs Seeds. d Lambs, cutting or gelding them 428 Lard, to feed Hogs for it 440 Legs broke 383 Lentills. See Arable Lands. Lime. See Soils. Liming of Wheat, Barley, Oats, &c. 359 Lower or loofe the Cud 408 Lungs difordered, the Remedy 406 ■ inflamed 41-1 diflempered in Swine, and its Cure 435 Lupins. See Arable Lands. Luji to provoke in Mares. 393 L. /I/fJD Staggers _ 355 Dog, for the Bite of 415 Swine bit by one 437 Mallanders 368 Malt Dull. See Dungs. Manures. See Soils and Dungs. Mares, to order them after Foaling 392 Marfe. . See Soils. Meadow Grounds to improve ■ by Overflowings 344 Burnt Clay 347 * Denfhiring. ibid. Meajled Swine 435 Meajles in Sheep 426 Meat, Loathing of it in Swine 433 Megrim, a Drench for it 389 Mice, to dcftroy them 361 Milk, to breed it in Cows 415 Moles, different ways to deftroy them 450 —— to take them after the Plough ibid. to make Trenches to take and deflroy them 45 r to take them as they run fhallow in the Ground ibid. to find out their Nefts 432 -—— to fet Traps for them ibid. M. Mallanders INDEX. to bring up Curs to deftroy them ibid. Mortification 581 Murrain or Plague among Cattle 401 in Sheep 424 and Meafles in Swine 439 N. ~^JOnfuch. See Grafs Seeds. O. QATS 351 Overflowing. See Meadow Ground. Oxen 396 p. PAlate fallen down 414 Pajiure Grounds 344 Peafe. See Arable Lands. Pefiilence or Plague in Swine 434 Pidgeons 443 Pijjing Blood 3 88 for a Cow that does fo 416 Poll Evil. 381 Poultry, Difeafes of. See Fowl. Pox in Sheep 426 in Swine 436 Purge for a Horfe juft taken from Grafs 491, 496 for Cow or Bullock 415 . Q. (flSUitter Bone 382, 386 &\d>uincey in Swine 432 JDAbbits, Tame ones. 442 •* *“ Rags. See Dungs. Rape. See Arable Lands. Rats, to deftroy them 361 Ray or Scab in Sheep 421, 429 Red Water in Cows 417 Water in Sheep. 424 Rot in Oxen or Cows 415 in Sheep 422 Running of the Reins 385 R. INDEX s. ClAddle Bruile 367 Saffron. See Arable Lands. Sain-Foin. See Grafs Seeds. Salt. See Dtings. Sand. See Soils. Scab or Ray in Sheep 421, 429 Scabbinefs in Lambs. 427 Scabs in Oxen or Cows 409 Scouring 380 Seeds, the Preparation of them 355 Sheep and Lambs 418 —— to know if they are found 420 ——whenthey have fwallowed any thing venomous, a Remedy for it x 424 Sheep's Dung. See Dungs. Shoulder Slip 368 Shrew-bitten, a Drink for it 414 ✓Sinew Strain 410 Skit or Loofenefs 422 Slow-worm. Bite of the 413 Soap-AJhes. See Dungs. Soils and Manures for improving of Land, as Lime 355 —— Marie ibid. Fuller’s Earth 356 Clay ibid. Sand ibid. Dirt of Towns ibid. taken from the Sea-fhore ibid. Soot. See Dungs. Sore in Cow or Bullock, a Water for an old one 4x2 Sows with Pig 439 Spading of Sows ibid. Spavin 367, 388 Spleen in Horfes 391 in Swine 433 Splint 366, 388 Staggers 374 in a Hog 438 Stale, if a Horfe cannot on the Road 369 —— if he cannot freely 389 INDEX. Stoppage of Urine 405 Strain 391 Strains in Calving 417 Strangles , 382 Stranguary 3 83 Suckling Calves that fcower 418 Surfeit, Staring Coat and Hydebound, a Cordial for it 3 67 Swelling or Snarled Bags in a Cow 417 Swine 429 to know when they are in Health 431 Pox, a Bath for it 440 Swine's Dung. See Dungs. rTiAG in Sheep 425 Tail, the Diftemper fo called 402 Tar for the Scab or Ray in Sheep 421 Tares. See Arable Lands. Throat fwelled in Swine 43 7 Ticks or Tickells in Sheep to deflroy 423 Tills. See Arable Lands. Traps. See Moles. Trefoil. See Grafs Seeds. Tremor or Shaking in Swine 438 Turnip Poultice forHorfes 365 T. V. Etches. See Arable Lands. * Viper, Bite of 413 in Swine 437 Vomiting in Swine, a Remedy again (I it 440 Fives in a Horfe 389 Urine, Stoppage of, in Cattle 405 JJ/'ADE. See Woad. Wheat 356 Wild-Fire in Sheep 425 Woad. See Arable Lands. Wegd-AJhes, See Dungs. W. INDEX. Worm in the Foot of Sheep, and its Cure '423 Wounds in Horfes 383 —— - or Sores in Cattle 411 if Swellings attend them ibid. by Stubs or Thorns 415 Wrench 368