6 ft******* / ] REPORT ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO THE EPIDEMTC(CHOLERA V— ฆฆ In the Year 1865. i BY DR, SUTHERLAN I). > tl crsrnif฿ to fiotg B)oii9fป of IPavliamrnt fty fiTaminanb of ?i!rr i*l.iirs>(!.). PRINTED BY GEORGE E. RYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE, PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. 19034. INDEX PAGE PAGE VII. Cholera in Public Institutions - 41 6 Report - Ospizio Floriana 41 I. Statistics of Cholera a. Population of the Islands b. Mortality from Cholera - c. Statistical distribution of Cholera 6 41 () Hospital for Incurables Orphan Asylum 41 6 Civil Hospitals. Lunatic Asylum - 42 Corradino Prison - - - 42 s 11. History of the Epidemic Cholera of 1865 - Camerata - - - - 42 VIII. Sanitary Administration and Improve- 10 a. Appearance of the disease in Arabia MENTS REQUIRED FOR TOWNS AND and Egypt 10 Villages - - - - 42 IX. Statistical Distribution of Cholera in Barracks and Married Quarters - 47 X. Sanitary Condition of Barracks, Hospitals, and Married Quarters - - 49 b. State of Public Health in Malta and Gozo, before the Cholera of 1865 12 c. Progress of Cholera from Arabia to Malta 15 (a.) Sanitary Condition of Barracks - 49 d. Quarantine arrangements at Malta c. Outbreak of Cholera in the plague 16 Upper St. Elmo. Lower St. Elmo 50 hospital 19 Military Prison. St. James' Cava- Her - - - - 51 f. Chronology of events 19 Marsamuscetto. Lascaris. Flo- g. Local causes of Cholera in the riana. St. Francis - - 51 Plague Hospital 21 Fort Manoel. Fort Tigne. St. 111. Account of earlier Cases of Cholera in the Islands - Angelo. Ricasoli. St. Salva- 22 dore. Isola Gate - - 52 Dates and distances of successive cases Polverista. St. Francesco de Paolo. in Villages 25 Verdala. Pembroke Camp - 53 (b.) Sanitary state of Military Hos- IV. Distribution of Deaths from Cholera in Cities and Villages pitals - - - - 55 26 General Hospital. Vittoriosa Hos- 27 Deaths per house pitals. Forrest. Sanitarium - 55 (c.) Sanitary state of Married Quarters 56 Deaths in different floors 29 Comparison with distribution of Plague Upper St. Elmo. Lower St. Elmo. 30 in 1813 Marsamuscetto. St. James' Cavalier. Crown Work. Horn Statistical results 81 Work. Notre Dame — Ravelin - 56 V. Sanitary Condition of Districts and Houses where Cholera prevailed within the Garrison Fort Manoel. Ricasoli. Burmola ;52 Curtain. St. John's Bastion. Verdala- - - - 57 House Construction 88 Pembroke Camp. Polverista - 58 Relation of Sewerage to Deaths from 84 XI. Improved Barrack Accommodation required - - - - - 58 XII. Quarantine Restrictions in reference to Public Health - - - 59 Cholera Influence of House drainage Privy accommodation - 84 35 Surface drainage Water supply - '65 Cases of presumed communication of 35 Cholera in Malta - - 60 37 Ventilation of Houses Presumed importation of Cholera into Gozo - - - 62 VI. Sanitary Condition of Villages in Malta and Gozo - Practical results of Quarantine in 87 1865, 1866, as regards the Public Health and Commercial Interests Sanitary Statistics of Villages 80 Water supply - 40 of Malta and Gibraltar - - 65 Effect of House construction 40 Postscript - - - - - 67 APPENDIX TO REPORT ON THE SANITARY GOZO. CONDITION OF MALTA AND Table I. Death rate of Malta and Gozo ป Table IV. Sex and age of persons among the 69 Civil Population of Malta and Gozo Table 11. Admissions and deaths among Soldiers who died of Cholera 72 and their families from Diarrhoea and Table V. Daily number of persons in Quarantine Cholera 69 from 14th June to 31st July 1865, and the cases of diarrhoea and cholera which occurred among them Table 111. Daily cases and deaths from Cholera in Malta and Gozo 70 A whilst in the Lazzaretto 73 2 4 INDEX Table VI. Weekly abstract of cases of Cholera among the Civil Population in the Cities and Villages of Malta during the Epidemic Table VII. Weekly abstract of Deaths from Cholera among the Civil Population in the Cities and Villages of Malta during the Epidemic Table VIII. Weekly Abstract of cases of Cholera among the Civil Population in the Cities and Villages of Gozo during the Epidemic Table IX. Weekly Abstract of Deaths from Cholera among the Civil Population in the Cities and Villages of Gozo during the Epidemic Table X. Meteorological Observations for the Year 1865 Table XL Comparative number of cases of Gastric Affections in Malta and Gozo from January Ist to June 30th of 1864 and of 1865- Table XII. Causes of Death in Malta and Gozo for the Years 1859, 1860, 1861, in comparison with the corresponding causes of Death during the first Six Months of 1865 Table XIII. Statistics of Fever in 1865 Table XIV. Report on cases of Disease at Birchircara in May 1865 Table XV. Extract from Report addressed by Dr. Aubert-Roche to M. Ferdinand de Lesseps regarding the Epidemic Cholera of 1865 Table XVI. Extracts from Memorandum relating to Arrivals from Alexandria in May and June 1865 PAGE 74 74 75 75 75 76 76 77 78 7S 79 PAGE Table XVII. History of the earliest cases of Cholera in Algeria in 1865 - - 79 Table XVIII. Sanitary condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Deaths from Cholera occurred in Valletta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Cospicua - - - - 80 Table XIX. Sanitary condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, where cases of Cholera occurred - - - 106 Table XX. Sanitary condition of Dwellings in Villages of Gozo where cases of Cholera occurred - 140 Table XXI. Sanitary condition of affected Quarters, together with cases and Deaths from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops 1 50 Table XXII. Sanitary condition of affected Quarters together with cases and Deaths from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Soldiers' Wives and Children 178 Table XXIII. Analysis of Samples of Water from Malta and Gozo - - 188 Table XXIV. Provisions relating to the Public Health in Police Laws and Regula- tions, Malta ฆ - - - 188 Table XXV. Attacks and Deaths from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Men, Women, and Children of different Corps, in all classes of Quarters - - 190 Table XXVI. Sanitary Services executed in each BaiTack and Hospital in Malta and Gozo from the Ist June 1863 to Ist June 1865 - - - 191 Table XXVII. Showing Vessels placed in Quarantine, and Persons landed at the Lazzaretto at Malta, on account of suspected Cholera - - 193 MAPS AND PLANS. No. I. Plan of Valletta and its Environs, showing the Localities of all cases of Cholera during the First Month of the Epidemic of 1865. No. I. Plan of Valletta and its Environs, showing the Localities of all cases of Cholera during the First Month of the Epidemic of 1865. No. 11. Plan of the Islands of Malta and Gozo, showing the Localities of Deaths from Cholera together with the Dates of first and last Deaths in Villages during the Epidemic of 1865. No. 11. Plan of the Islands of Malta and Gozo, showing the Localities of Deaths from Cholera together with the Dates of first and last Deaths in Villages during the Epidemic of 1865. No. 111. Plan of Valletta and its Environs, showing the Localities of Deaths from Cholera during the Epidemic of 1865. No. 111. Plan of Valletta and its Environs, showing the Localities of Deaths from Cholera during the Epidemic of 1865. No. IV. Plan of Valletta showing Houses attacked with Plague during the Epidemic of 1813. No. IV. Plan of Valletta showing Houses attacked with Plague during the Epidemic of 1813. No. V. Plan, Section, and Elevation of a Lodging House, Strada Levante, Valletta. No. V. Plan, Section, and Elevation of a Lodging House, Strada Levante, Valletta. No. VI. Plan, Section, and Elevation of a Lodging House, Strada San Patrizio, Valletta. No. VI. Plan, Section, and Elevation of a Lodging House, Strada San Patrizio, Valletta. NO9. VII., VIII. Plans, Sections, and Elevation of Village Houses at Zeitun, Malta. Nos. VII., VIII. Plans, Sections, and Elevation of Village Houses at Zeitun, Malta. Nos. IX., X. Plans, Sections, and Elevations of Village Houses at Zebbug, Malta. Nos. IX., X. Plans, Sections, and Elevations of Village Houses at Zebbug, Malta. No. XL Plan and Elevation of Two Village Houses at Casal Curmi, Malta. No. XL Plan and Elevation of Two Village Houses at Casal Curmi, Malta. No. XII. Plan, Section, and Elevation of a Village House at Xeuchia, Gozo. No. XII. Plan, Section, and Elevation of a Village House at Xeuchia, Gozo. REPORT ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MAL T A AN I) GOZ O, WITH REFERENCE TO THE EPIDEMIC CHOLERA Of 1865. TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR WAR. In compliance with instructions directing me to proceed to Malta to examine into the local conditions under which cholera had manifested itself during the late epidemic there, with the view of ascertaining whether additional experience obtained from it, in any way modified those conclusions regarding improvement of the garrison at which Captain Galton and I had arrived in our •' Report on the Sanitary Condition of the " Mediterranean Stations," I have the honour to state that before proceeding to Malta I prepared and sent out statistical forms for registering the leading sanitary facts relating to dwelling houses and barrack accommodation where the epidemic had shown itself, and that in March last, at as early a period as I could leave England after the removal of quarantine restrictions, 1 proceeded to Malta and communicated with his Excellency the Right Hon. Sir Henry K. Storks, the Governor, b}' whose kind assistance I was enabled to obtain through the different departments whatever information I required. I inspected districts, and many houses and rooms, where cholera had prevailed, within the garrison and in villages of Malta and Gozo, together with the quarantine establishment and public charities, in company with Mr. Inglott, Comptroller of Charitable Institutions. 1 also had an opportunity afforded me of inspecting barracks and hospitals, through the kindness of General Ridley and Inspector-General Dr. Anderson, Principal Medical Officer. Having now completed the inquiry entrusted to me, I beg to report the results 'under the following heads. I shall first give the mortality statistics of cholera derived from an interesting set of tables prepared by Dr. Ghio, Chief Police Physician. J shall next give some account of the Maltese epidemic in relation to cholera in Arabia and Egypt, After this will follow an account of the public health before cholera appeared, as well as of the earlier cases of cholera in the islands, to show the order in which different districts and houses were attacked, and under this head an opportunity will be afforded of discussing the statistical distribution of the epidemic. The sanitary statistical facts entered by Dr. Ghio in the forms sent out to Malta, already referred to, will next be considered, and will show 7 the relation which sanitary condition bore to the intensity of the epidemic. I shall then give the experience of the disease in public institutions. I propose next to give some account of the present sanitary law and practice in the islands, and at the same time to point out the class of improvements required for protecting the public health in time to come. Next in order will follow an account of cholera as it occurred among soldiers and their families, together with an estimate of the state of barrack accommodation and its influence on the disease, as this is shown in the sanitary statistical forms filled up by medical officers of regiments. And I shall conclude the report with a statement of the results of an inquiry regarding cases of communication of cholera by personal intercourse, and into the operation of A 3 6 STATISTICS OF CHOLERA IN MALTA quarantine restrictions against cholera on the public health and commercial interests of the islands. I. — Statistics of Cholera. a. Population of the Islands. According to the census of 1861, the civil population of the island of Malta amounted in that year to 118,596. At the same date the civil population of the island of Gozo was 15,459- There is a small annual increase of the population of about 1,000 for Malta, and 80 for Gozo, but it will be sufficient for the purposes of comparison, if we assume the census numbers as representing approximately the population of both islands when cholera appeared in 1865. The death rates from all causes among this population for three successive years, including the cholera year 1865, are given in appendix No. L* They were as follow : — Deaths per 1,000. Years. " Malta. Gozo. i I 1864 - - 27 23 1865 47 46 1866 - | 25 23 The average military population in 1865 (Table II.) was as follows :—: — Men - - - - 6,105 Women - 526 b. Mortality from Cholera The first case of cholera during the epidemic of 1865 appeared in a soldier's child on June 20th. The last case of the epidemic in a soldier took place on November 12th. The disease began earlier and lasted longer among troops than among any other class of the community. Nine days after the disease appeared among the troops, i.e., on June 29th, the earliest case occurred among the civil population of Malta. Three weeks later on July 21st, the first case took place in Gozo, but the patient was ill when he landed in the island, and the first indigenous cases showed themselves in Gozo on July 241?h. Three months later, on October 24th, the last cases took place in Gozo. Sixteen days afterwards, on November 9th, the last case occurred among the civil population of Malta ; and as already stated on November 12th, a soldier in Malta was attacked, and the epidemic came to an end. Table 111. abstracted from tables prepared by Dr. Ghio, gives the total daily cases and deaths from Cholera among all classes of the civil and military population. The following is a summary of this table : — Cases. Deaths. rv -i t> i?• /Malta - 2,362f 1,479 Civil Population. | Gozo .... 545 2 52 Soldiers and their families - 1 99J 1 42 ~ — o,IUO i,o/o * A few years ago a Registration Ordinance was enacted in Malta, and a registrar was appointed, but, singularly enough, the registration office takes no cognizance of causes of deaths. These are registered separately by the police. It will be observed also that Form No. lis signed, not by the registrar, but by the superintendent of police. These anomalies should be removed. It will be seen further on, that an improved diagnosis and nomenclature of diseases is urgently required. It would be a great advantage to conform entirely in these matters to home practice by using the same nomenclature, and by requiring the registrar to enter in his books not only the fact, but the cause of death. f Including two fatal cases which took place on board ship in the harbour. ฃ Dr. Ghio gives the total cases of cholera among the military population at 202, and the deaths at 145, I have used Dr. Anderson's statement in the text. The small difference in numbers is probably due to the fact that a few cases of fatal choleraic disease may have been classed as cholera. STATISTICS OF CBOLEUA IN MALTA. 7 There were three fatal cases on board Her Majesty's ships in harbour ; besides a fatal case in a seaman under treatment in hospital for consumption. Table IV. gives the sexes and ages of all who died of cholera in each of the cities and villages of Malta and Gozo. It shows that for every 100 males who died of this disease, there died 132 females, and that the epidemic fell very heavily on the advanced periods of life. Table 11., kindly prepared by Dr. Anderson, gives the following details regarding cholera among the military population :—: — Cases. Deaths. Men - - - 126 90 Women - 48 34 Children - - - - 25 18 Total - 199 142 Besides cases and deaths from cholera among the civil and military population, there were fatal attacks among persons in quarantine. Table V. shows that during 48 days intervening between June 14th and July 31st, the following numbers arriving from Alexandria were landed at the Lazaretto, and placed in quarantine :—: — Passengers 2,031 Persons who had held communication with them - 138 Health Guards - - - - - - - 134 2,303 y The daily population of the Lazaretto was in a constant state of fluctuation from varying arrivals and discharges. At first the daily numbers amounted to 83 ; they then gradually increased to 1,359, from which point the numbers diminished until cholera ceased. The amount of choleraic disease in the Lazaretto between the dates specified, was as follows : — Diarrhoea. Cholera. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. 17 23 14 It is necessary to bear in mind that passengers remained in the Lazaretto only during their days of quarantine, while coal labourers and health guards were more or less continually on duty there. These quarantine cases and deaths, if added to the others, would make the total attacks from cholera in 1865 amount to 3,129, and the deaths to 1,887. The following were the proportions of attacks and deaths among different classes of population :— • . j Cholera per 1,000 of the Population. Attacks. Deaths. ' i ' n . ? B ?. /Malta- - - 19-9 12-4 Civil Population | Qozo _ _ . " Soldiers - - 20-6 14-7 „ Wives - 91. 64-6 „ Children- 30- 21-4 I Total Civil and Military Population - 22- 13-2 The death rates to cases treated as deduced from the returns were : — Civil population of Malta 62 per cent. „ „ Gozo - - - 46 „ Soldiers and their families - - - 71 „ A 4 8 STATISTICS OF CHOLERA IN MALTA. These great differences in death rates may be partly due to differences in the severity of cases in the three groups of population, but I am inclined to attribute much of the greater proportionate mortality among military attacks to more strict and accurate diagnosis of cases by the regimental surgeons. But whatever the explanation of the difference may be, the Malta epidemic of 1865, in so far as relates to its proportionate mortality, must be classed among the most mortal on record. Table I. shows that the population decreased under the effects of the epidemic, to an extent of 1,366 in Malta, and 68 in Gozo. c. Statistical distribution of Cholera. The statistical distribution of cholera over the islands was as follows :—: — With the exception of a few inhabitants living in scattered houses in the country, the population of Malta and Gozo is located in towns within the garrison or in country villages (casals). The towns resemble other Mediterranean cities, except that they are much better built than most of them. The town population has a considerable resemblance to other Levantine populations. This is not the case in the villages, which contain a different kind of population, having other habits and customs, and whose dwellings bear little resemblance to those in the towns. An inspection of Map No. 11. will show how the people are distributed, better than could be done by any mere description, and it also shows that wherever in the islands there were groups of population, cholera prevailed. Tables VI., VII., VIII., and IX., contain weekly abstracts of statistical tables by Dr. Ghio, showing the daily cases and deaths in each group of population in Malta and Gozo. All the deaths in these tables have been transferred to the maps, and are marked by dots : — Those for the cities on Map No. 111., and for the country population on Map No. 11. The following summaries of these tables give the cases and deaths for the civil population living in the garrison, and also for the towns and villages in the islands : — Cholera 1865. Cities within the Garrison. | Po P ulatlon Case, Death, I 1 I i Valletta - - - 23,993 454 282 11 Floriana - - - 5,791 76 48 8 Senglea - - - 6,887 99 64 9 Bunnola (Cospicun) - 10,933 175 122 11 Vittoriosa - 5,712 175 107 18 Total - - - 53,316 979 623 11-7 There were thus 623 deaths among the civil population of the garrison, giving a ratio of 11*7 per 1,000 ; but to this number must be added the mortality among soldiers and their families who were taken ill while living w T ithin the garrison, and also deaths taking place among aged and infirm persons in the Ospizio, at Floriana, and among patients in the central civil hospital, Floriana. With these additions, the total deaths among the resident population were distributed as follows : — Deaths from Cholera. Civil population - 623 OOldlCrS til X I l>HClllcillJJllt/& "* x. ฃX. I, And adding to these 14 deaths in quarantine,* we find the total mortality of the garrison towns to have been 795. * The quarantine establishment, although outside the walls of Valetta is close to Fort Manoel, and in occasionally occupied by troops. 9 STATISTICS OF CHOLERA IN MALTA. The epidemic was distributed among the towns and villages of Malta, outside the garrison, in the following proportions :— — ~~ ฆ Cholera. Towns Cholera. Mala. 1861 - CaBeB . Deaths . i^ ฆ__-_ฆ _ . __ - | I . — . ฆ - Attard - 1,239 19 11 8 1 Zeitun - j 5,491 164 84 15 Misida - 1,858 55 39 20 Calcara - j 436 8 5 11 Rabato and 5,916 143 91 15 J Gudia - I 932 11 5 5 Notabile. ! ! Axiack - \ 1,200 37 24 20 Birchircara - 5,978 142 98 16 | Balzan - I 662 1 1 — Corradino - 187 4 3 16 Lia - j 1,371 12 8 5 Curmi - 6,001 159 92 15 ; Paola - j 485 4 2 4 Musta - 3,828 22 14 3 ! Tarxien - j 1,265 22 10 7 Naxaro - 2,768 33 19 6 Siggieui - j 2,641 70 40 15 Micabiba - 894 34 19 21 i Crendi 949 2 2 2 Zebbug - 4,884 99 62 12 Luca - 1,592 20 16 10 Zabbar - 4,327 88 54 12 Melleha 975 3 2 2 ViaSanGui- 1,578 40 26 16 St. Paul's 476 1 1 — seppe. Bay. Sliema - 324 24 14 — Safi 286 8 4 14 Zurrico - 2,797 34 24 8 Chircop 409 4 1 •— SanGiuliano 476 7 7 15 Dingli 594 1 1 — Gargur - 1,200 9 6 5 i The total population of these villages in 1861, was 64,019; and there were 1,280 cases, and 785 deaths from cholera among their inhabitants. The death rates from cholera varied considerably. Excluding the smaller numbers they may be taken at from 6 to 20 per 1,000. An outbreak of cholera took place at Saura's Hospital, Rabato, in the latter part of August and early in September 1 865, so fatal that out of 88 inmates, 32 were attacked, and 27 died. If these deaths be added to those of the villages, the total mortality in the country districts of the island of Malta will amount to 812, or a little less than 12 # 7 per 1,000 of the population. Hence the death rate from cholera in the open country districts of Malta exceeded the death rate in the crowded towns by 1 per 1,000. To the total deaths among the civil population of the country JMricts must be added, 21 deaths among soldiers and their families living at Pembroke Camp, St. Julians, and Notabile, which will raise the total cholera mortality of Malta, outside the garrison, to 833. The next abstract shows the mortality from cholera in towns and villages of the island of Gozo: — ฃ?— "* Popปป.J Ch ฐ' era - _3_=Ltf B*--- 1 Ch ฐ*"- Villages of faRlf aR1 ] j and Villages of j R ; • '** ""ฆ O— [n—.| ฆ"ฆ*ฆ; | ฐฐ"- Cue.. | D-. [,*ฆป Xeuchia - 1,345 38 18 13 ' Munxar -147 12 5 34 Rabato - | 4,023 178 74 18 Santa Lucia - 232 4 1 — Caccia - j 1,996 79 30 15 Kercem - 793 i 19 9 11 Nadur - 2,546 13 6 2 Zebbug - j 556 ! 43 18 32 Sannat - ! 793 43 25 31 i Ghain Sielem | 916 ! 1 — _ Marsalforn -25 3 2 — ! Kala 500 2 1 — Garbo - ! 1,295 68 33 25 Ghammar - j 263 ; 11 5 19 i I [ ___J ! 1 . These villages in Gozo had an estimated aggregate population of 15,430, and they yielded 513 attacks, and 227 deaths from cholera. But to these numbers must be added 26 attacks in old people in the Ospizio at Rabato, of which 21 proved fatal, and six cases attacked in the civil hospital there, of which four died. The total attacks were thus 545, and the deaths 252, giving a death rate of 16.4 per 1,000. It follows from this statistical analysis of the mortality :—: — 1. That the epidemic cholera of 1865 was scattered over Malta and Gozo ; 2. That it attacked both civil and military population ; 3. That the death rate from it was highest among soldiers and their families ; 4. That the native country population of Gozo suffered more severely than the similar population in Malta ; B 19034. 10 HISTORY OF CHOLERA IN MALTA. 5. And, that contrary to what might have been expected, the people living in sparse country villages in both islands suffered more from cholera than the population of the crowded garrison towns. I shall next proceed to give an account of the epidemic itself. II. — History of the Epidemic Cholera of 1865. (a.) Appearance of the disease in Arabia and Egypt. An opinion firmly held by a majority of the population of Malta is, that the severe epidemic cholera of 1865 began at Mecca and Medina during the pilgrimage of that year ; that the disease was carried to Djedda on the Red Sea, from thence to Suez, from Suez to Alexandria, and from Alexandria to Malta and to other ports of the the Mediterranean ; and that this transference of disease was effected by ships, pilgrims, and natives of various Mediterranean countries who fled before the scourge, carrying the infection with them, to every port where they unhappily disembarked. As a logical consequence of this opinion, the same persons hold, that by quarantine restrictions alone, carried out with a stringency never before considered to be either necessary or practicable, can future invasions of cholera be prevented. As another logical consequence, influential individuals in the islands have avowed to me their belief that cholera connects itself with persons and not with localities ; they hence consider that measures of hygiene are either altogether of subsidiary importance, or that the} 7 " are useless in mitigating the severity of epidemics, and that if quarantine cannot keep out " contagion " there is no hope for the population in time to come. The entire chain of reasoning is perfectly consistent ; more so, indeed, than is usually the case in such discussions in other countries, and on account of its very consistency it is all the more necessary that the facts on which it rests should be firmly established before we adopt the momentous conclusions to which it inevitably leads. Besides the popular opinion to which I have referred, there is a scientific doctrine held by some persons in Malta as elsewhere, derived chiefly from the expressed or published opinions of others, round which the phenomena of the late epidemic are, in perfect good faith, made to arrange themselves. Such, for instance, as the existence of a specific cholera virus, transferable from person to person by intercourse, by clothing or other media, or by excreta of cholera patients, soiled linen and the like, in such a way that persons who may not themselves suffer from cholera may transfer the disease to others who may die of it. The first thing, therefore, with persons holding such views when successive cases of cholera present themselves, is to search out diligently every presumable channel of communication, and whenever they have found one sufficient to satisfy their own minds, they consider their work done. They either lose sight of, or they undervalue the importance of other facts, and their conclusion is, that practically the prevention of personal intercourse, directly or indirectly, when cholera prevails, is the only safe course to be followed. It is true that such conclusions are not always fully deduced from the doctrine, but they are, nevertheless, the real consequences which it tends to impress on the mind, so that while the practical result of the popular opinion of epidemics being carried from place to place on board ship, would be to put an end to commerce when epidemic diseases prevail, or are suspected to exist, this scientific doctrine held along with it, would logically put an end to social intercourse, and to humane care and treatment of the sick. It is no part of my duty to enter into discussions of such subjects, but I have felt myself bound to state the impressions conveyed to me in Malta at the commencement of this inquiry, on account of the serious obstacles which those views present to the adoption of really efficient means of improvement ; for if the authorities in Malta, to whom appertains the sanitary care of the population, should feel themselves called on to act strictly in accordance with opinions which I have heard expressed, there is, of course, an end of any reasonable hope of removing the real causes on which the high epidemic susceptibility of the population depends. It is, besides, impossible to ignore altogether the alleged fact of importation, and for the obvious reason that if the cholera epidemic of 1865 were really carried on board ship to Malta, then restriction of intercourse becomes an important matter as regards the future safety of the population from invasion of epidemic diseases. In dealing with this part of the subject it is necessary, in the first place, to ascertain the real facts of the case, but it unfortunately happens that on some very important points our information is incomplete. We have no reliable account of the state of health of the Arabian peninsula, or of Egypt itself, before cholera appeared. We do not PREVIOUS STATE OF PUBLIC HEALTH. 11 know under what precise circumstances cholera broke out, whether it came suddenly, or whether it was preceded by any altered condition of the public health. We have no account of the first cases of the disease, or of how they originated. There is, in fact, an almost total blank yi our knowledge at the very point where exact information is of the greatest importance. This deficiency is nothing more than hay always existed in our information about these Eastern epidemics, and there is no reason to hope for the advent of more enlightened views regarding them, until we are enabled to keep an account current, so to speak, of the condition of public health in those epidemic centres where pestilences make their first appearance. Under present circumstances it is not surprising that hypothetical considerations should enter so largely into popular beliefs regarding the mode of propagation of epidemic diseases. But the time has certainly arrived for establishing more exact methods of inquiry, and for separating what is true from what is supposititious in their history. The first intimation, for instance, of cholera in Arabia was contained in private letters and newspaper paragraphs, announcing an outbreak of pestilence among pilgrims at Mecca, which had destroyed 20,000 persons during the first three weeks in May 1865. The first official notice of cholera in Egypt received by the Government of Malta was contained in a telegram from the consul at Alexandria on June 14th. Admitting the facts to be correct, one cannot help regretting that they convey so little real information as to the history of the disease. There are, it is true, some other facts which I shall presently mention, bearing on the progress of the disease from Mecca to Alexandria in the line of pilgrim caravans ; but when we are told from another source that " a letter " from Alexandria ascribes the cholera there to fatigue and sun exposure, and that the " malady has appeared up the country almost simultaneously at widely distant " points," * we feel how much is yet to be learned before we arrive at reliable facts regarding the earlier history of the epidemic. There appears to be little doubt that much of the prevailing uncertainty regarding disputed points in the history of all epidemic outbreaks is really the result of want of information ; so that almost any form of hypothetical doctrine may find support in occurrences alleged in its behalf. The danger in all such cases where the history is necessarily incomplete is mistaking coincidences for effects, a result which can only be avoided in future by adopting a more rational and systematic mode of enquiry. Great epidemics have generally been preceded more or less by marked disturbances in the health of men and animals. Epidemic diseases of different kinds and epizootics have not unfrequently co-existed at such periods, and from the information I have been able to obtain, the epidemic years 1865-66 have been no exceptions to the rule. It is unnecessary to do more than merely to allude to the existence of severe and fatal forms of fever and cattle plague which were so prevalent in various parts of Europe before cholera appeared, as indications of this disturbance. In Arabia there is reason for believing that the usual premonitions were not absent : for in the month of March and April 1865, a fatal form of Typhus appears to have prevailed at Mecca, Medina, and Djedda, which carried off nearly 50 persons a day in each of the first two cities.f About the same period an epizootic disease prevailed over nearly the whole of the eastern shores of the Mediterranean. Of this fact we have official evidence in the minutes of the Malta Board of Health of April 29th 1865, prohibiting the importation oi' cattle from Egypt, Syria, Smyrna, Spain, Dalmatia and Sicily. J At a later period, in the middle of June, at the date when quarantine was established at Malta, small pox is also stated to have existed at Suez, while cholera was committing ravages at Djedda.ง * "Gibraltar Chronicle," 27th June 1865. f " A letter from Djedda cf the 3rd April says, that considerable havoc has lately been made by typhus in that city, but, fortunately, not to the same extent as at Mecca and Medina. At each of these last places nearly 50 persons die daily, and grave apprehensions are experienced lest the evil should spread still further when the crowds of pilgrims arrive." — (Malta Times and United Service Gazette, 27th April, 1865.) % " Official reports having been laid before the Board of Health stating that the cattle disease still exists in Egypt, Syria, Smyrna, Spain, Dalmatia, and Sicily, the Board, having fully considered the said report?, beg to recommend that the importation of cattle from these places be prohibited." — {Minute of Malta Board of Health, 29th April 1865.) ง "It is stated that cholera has broken out at Djedda among the pilgrims returning from Mecca, and that small-pox is raging at Suez."— (Malta Observer, \sth June 1865.) The co-existence of hinall-pox with cholera has also been observed iv India (vide Report of General Board of Health oh the'cftoicni of 1848-49.) B 2 12 PREVIOUS STATE OF PUBLIC HEALTH. It is to be regretted that our information about the state of health of the East at this time is not more complete. But in regard to Malta, we have information which throws much light on the entire history of the epidemic in the islands. b. State of Public Health in Malta and Gozo before the Cholera o/1865. In Table X. there is given a monthly abstract of climatic elements for Malta during the year 1865. In comparing these elements with similar ones for years during which there was no excess of epidemic diseases, given in the Report on the Sanitary Condition of the Mediterranean Stations, there is nothing very special to indicate that the climate of 1865 was unhealthy. If there was any peculiarity in the weather of this year, it was perhaps somewhat dryer than the average, and the temperatures were lower, a circumstance apparently due to the unusual prevalence of winds from northerly directions throughout the year. It will be seen that all the general directions of winds were from N.W. and N.E. The total rain collected during the first eight months of 1865 before the advent, and for two months of the prevalence of cholera was barely 7 inches. But in years when no epidemic diseases have prevailed the rainfall has both been greater and less than this amount. The most remarkable occurrence was the fall of above 7 3 inches of rain during September and October 1865, while cholera was declining; an amount more than seven-fold the average for the same months of 1859 and 1860.* In describing the state of public health preceding cholera, I shall first give the results of an inquiry carried out by the police authorities at my request, showing the comparative numbers of cases of gastric affections brought under treatment by district physicians and in the public institutions of Malta and Gozo for the first six months of 1864, in comparison with the numbers for corresponding months of 1865, preceding the outbreak of cholera. It is necessary to point out, however, that these facts have been obtained from one class only of the population, and that they only give a general idea of the state of public health at these two periods. Table XL contains the total cases in each district return ; the following is an abstract of these returns. 1864. 1865. Dyspepsia and gastricism - - 1,915- - 2,086 > Colic - - - - 595 - -777 Diarrhoea - 1,042 - - 1,243 Dysentery - 465 - - 559 Sickness and vomiting - - - 149- - 180 Enteritis or gastro-enteritis - - 1,308 - - 1,418 All other diseases - - - 18,383 - - 20,547 Two conclusions follow from this class of facts, first, that there is at ordinary times a very considerable amount of gastric disease among the poor ; and, secondly, that there was a marked increase of all classes of gastric affections as well as of other diseases during six months preceding the cholera of 1865. When cholera had established itself as an epidemic, gastric affections, as usually happens, increased to such an extent that few people escaped their influence in some form or other. The next class of facts bearing on the public health before cholera appeared are contained in the mortality returns, and are hence of a more specific character. During the earlier months of 1865, two diseases, fever and gastro-enteritis, which always exist in Malta, prevailed to an unusual extent, and occasioned an unusually large mortality in the island. Abstract No. 90 of the census taken in October 1861 (Tdble XII. in the Appendix) affords the means of comparing the death rates from these diseases for the years 1859-60-61 with the mortality from them during the first six months of 1865 preceding the outbreak of cholera which is shown in the same table abstracted from tables by Dr. Ghio. In 1861 * The appearance of the sky is too much a matter of personal estimate to be admitted as evidence in such inquiries. It is, nevertheless curious that in a letter published in the " Malta Observer," on June 22, 1865, attention is called to the existence of " dense, many coloured, deeply mottled, and murkily marbled clouds, 11 floating about in every and in opposite directions, some days obscuring the sun, giving a sombre and unnatural appearance both to sea, sky, and land, affecting more or less the nervous system with langour, depression, and lassitude, partial rains and almost invisible mists, seem to indicate a most unnatural and unhealthy state of things, and to point out that something evil is looming in the distance." This was written just at the time cholera burst out in the plague hospital. The letter was objected to on account of exciting alarm, but I was assured that the facts were as stated. PREVIOUS STATE OF PUBLIC HEALTH. 13 the population of the islands amounted to 134,055, and the average annual deaths from fevers (nervous fever, petechial fever), during the three years mentioned above, amounted to 123. During the first six months of 1865, preceding the cholera of that year, with a probable increase of population up to 136,000, the deaths from various classes of fevers were 115 ; but we must double this number in order to obtain an annual comparison, and in doing so we find that while the annual death rate from fevers for the three years 1859-60-61, was 9 per 10,000 of the population, the mortality from fevers during the first six months of 1865 was equivalent to an annual death rate of 17 per 10,000. In order to comprehend the full value of this great increase it must, however, be borne in mind that the fever months in Malta are July, August, and September. These months are included in the annual average for the three earlier years, but they are necessarily excluded from the first half of 1865.* Table XIII. in the appendix gives the localities from which cases of this fever were received into the Central Civil Hospital at Floriana together with the dates of the first and last cases received. This table contains of course only a certain proportion of fever cases, but the important fact which we learn from it is that fever prevailed in a number of places where cholera afterwards prevailed. The disease was of so serious a character as to induce the Government to direct an enquiry to be made by a special board on April 22nd 1865. On this board were Drs. Engerer, Ghio, Pisani, Inspector General, Dr. Hume and Staff Surgeon Major the late Dr. Mathew. The enquiry was held at Zeitun. The reporters state that fever began to be unusually prevalent in the preceding month of January, during which 23 cases occurred ; that in February there were 32 cases ; in March 47 cases ; and that in April there had been 47 cases. There had been, besides, 23 cases sent to the Central Hospital at Floriana. Fever at the date of the enquiry had declined. The mortality had been 11*4 per cent, of cases treated. After a careful examination of the facts the board arrived at conclusion that the fever was true typhus, apparently "due in " every instance to exceptional and preventible causes." The main cause assigned by the board was want of ventilation in houses, arising partly from their construction, partly from the pernicious habit of a whole family or most of them sleeping in one room, and partly from unusually cold weather having led the people to close all the apertures by which fresh air might have been admitted, " the sleepers being in fact poisoned by the " pent-up emanations from one another's bodies." There was no appearance of the disease spreading by infection either in hospital wards or villages, and the physician who saw most of the cases considered the disease purely of local origin. The reporters indicate other local causes such as filthy habits and the like, as having exercised some influence over the severity of the disease. A note appended to table XIII., gives some insight into this matter. It is there stated in reference to the condition of patients received into the Central Hospital at Floriana that " the disgusting state of " personal filth in which each patient was received appeared to be the cause of the " disease." The local causes specially connected with the houses will be noticed further on. Suffice it to say that the local causes which predisposed people to fever were the same causes which predisposed them afterwards to cholera. Another note on Table XIII., informs us that "in proportion as cholera invaded the island fever diminished, but " straggling cases continued to arrive, as usual during the heat of summer." When cholera came epidemic fever was replaced by epidemic cholera. The local causes remained the same, the disease only was changed. The disease known in Malta by the names " gastritis" " enteritis" or more usually " gastro-enteritis" appears to be made up of different diseases classified under the same general designation, from want of a good nosological arrangement such as is now very generally adopted. The symptoms vary in character, and different medical practitioners in describing the disease give more prominence to certain phenomena than to others. Sometimes the disease is attended by acute symptoms, at others the symptoms are more chronic, but the character of the disease is diarrhceal, or rather it is choleraic, and it is most prevalent and fatal at and under 15 years of age. The following account of the symptoms abstracted from the statistical returns of district physicians will afford an idea of the usual cases. * Mortality in Malta and Gozo :: — ฆ Total Mortality, all causes, in 1859-60-61* =9,907 -r-6 = 1,651 for 6 months. All causes, 6 months, January Ist to June 30th, 1865 b = 2,097. Mortality from fevers in 1859-60-61 = 371 -4-6 =62 for 6 months. Fevers, 6 months, January Ist to June 30th, 1865=115. ฆ Census of Malta and Gozo, 1861, Abstract No. 90 (vide Table XII., Appendix). b Dr. Ghio's data in Table XII., Appendix. B 3 14 PREVIOUS STATE OF PUBLIC HEALTH. Uneasiness and sense of oppression in the epigastrium; sometimes tenderness on pressure ; coated tongue ; thirst ; retching ; rumbling in the bowels ; feverishness ; pulse at times frequent and small ; giddiness ; vomiting of a yellowish or greenish mucous matter ; sometimes constipation at commencement. Dark fluid stools ; griping ; cold skin; followed by frequent watery stools; watery bilious vomiting; sometimes cramps ; sometimes diminished or suppressed urine ; cold sweat ; reaction ; fever ; death often from exhaustion, disease passing at times into gastric fever. The symptoms are modified in children by age and dentition. The post-mortem appearances show softening of the mucous membrane with super- ficial liberation and other morbid appearances. The usual mortality from " gastro- enteritis " is very considerable in the islands. During the years 1859-60-61, the annual deaths ascribed to it averaged 405, or at the rate of 30 per 10,000 of the population : but in the six months of 1865 (January to June inclusive) preceding the cholera the deaths were 406 or in the annual ratio of 60 per 10,000. The annual death rate from this diarrhceal disease was thus doubled during the six months which preceded the advent of cholera.* When cholera appeared, gastro-enteritis merged into cholera. These facts are sufficient to show that long before cholera began its course towards the north-west there were indications of a changed condition of the public health in Malta. There was an unusual prevalence of fatal diseases of the zymotic class during the first six months of 1865. Two of these, fever and gastro-enteritis had indeed occasioned a loss of life nearly equal to one third of the total loss subsequently incurred from cholera itselfj before a single death from cholera had taken place. As the epidemic period approached, signs of the coming pestilence were yet more unequivocal. At the middle of May, while cholera still confined its ravages to the Arabian Peninsula, and before there was any known case of it in Egypt, two occurrences took place in Malta, which I shall notice next in the order of events. About two miles west of Valetta, is situated the populous village of Birchircara, where, on May 17th, a sudden outburst of a very suspicious disease took place, the symptoms of which were so severe that the first cases were reported to the Government as true cholera. This led to an inquiry which showed that the report as to the disease having been cholera was incorrect, but the fact itself is of importance as proving the then precarious state of the public health, and the character which the disease assumed in the estimation of medical practitioners who first saw it. In a report (Appendix XIV.) prepared in April of the present year at my request, by Dr. Grillet, the disease is described as diarrhoea with heat in the bowels. But Dr. Ghio who went to the village at the time, informed me that the account he obtained of the disease from competent persons showed that the patients suffered from diarrhoea, vomiting, cramp, slight p-ostration, cold skin, pain in the bowels, followed by reaction on the skin. There were no deaths. The number of cases is not known, but they were scattered over the village, and continued to occur until cholera appeared in Birchircara on July 1 8th, and took the place of the other disease. Another similar outbreak of a violent character occurred on May 20th, three days tfter the first case at Birchircara, in soldiers' families, at that time quartered in the main buildings of the Lazzaretto. On the day referred to ten persons (eight men, one woman, and one child) living in some small, close, ill-ventilated rooms in part of the Lazzaretto buildings, close to offensive drains and a privy, were attacked with sickness and vomiting, diarrhoea, cramps, and coldness of skin, — the same symptoms as occurred in the Birchircara cases. In this instance, also, there were no deaths. It is important to remark that when the rooms occupied by these families were shown to me, it was stated that two fatal cases of cholera had taken place in two of the same rooms at a subsequent period, when they were occupied by persons in quarantine. An interesting report supplied by the Hon. Mr. Inglott, regarding the charitable institutions, shows that as cholera approached the islands it was preceded by the usual foreshadowings in these establishments, Mr. Inglott states that, " Premonitory symptoms, " looseness of the bowels among the aged inmates of the ' Ospizio' not subject to chronic " diarrhoea, commenced to prevail more frequently than it was usual during the hot * Table XII., Mortality in Malta and Gozo :— Gastritis-enteritis, 1859, 1360, and 1861 a = 1,214 -f- 6 = 202 for 6 months. Enteritis, January Ist to June 30, 1865 b = 406. a Census of Malta and Gozo, 186],. Abstract 90 (Table XT J., Appendix).. b Dr. Ghio's data in Table XII., Appendix. PROGRESS OF CHOLERA FROM ARABIA TO MALTA. 15 " season, about the middle of June, in Malta, and of July in Gozo." This was followed by fatal attacks of diarrhoea, and these by cholera. On considering these facts it appears to me to be scarcely possible to escape from the conclusion that long before cholera appeared in Malta, possibly before its first outbreak in Arabia, the earliest wave of the coming epidemic had passed over the islands. This inference is further supported by the very remarkable facts about to be noticed connected with the first outbreak of cholera itself in Malta, in the plague hospital lying to the west of the Lazzaretto towards Birchircara, an outbreak greatly resembling in its appearance these diarrhceal seizures, except that it was true Asiatic cholera of a very fatal type. c. Progress of Cholera from Arabia to Malta. I shall now give a sketch of the progress of cholera from the time of its appearance at Mecca until it broke out in Malta. All the facts I shall use are taken from official documents ; and however deficient they may be as regards details of the disease, I see no reason to doubt their accuracy so far as they go. The facts are accompanied by dates. Upon the facts are grounded the popular opinion I have referred to respecting the importation of cholera from Egypt. We shall presently see how far this conclusion from the facts is, or is not, sustained by the dates at which the events took place. We have already seen that in the month of April 1865, " Typhus" fever was stated to be the cause of 40 to 50 deaths a day at Mecca, and of an equal number of deaths at Medina, and that fears were entertained that when the pilgrims arrived great mortality would ensue. The numbers who did arrive are variously estimated at from 150,000 to between four and five-fold this amount. All the accounts agree in stating that no sanitary arrangements were made for so vast an influx of people, and that the whole area occupied by the pilgrims was more or less polluted by filth, and by offal of slaughtered animals left to fester under the hot Arabian sun. Early in May 1865, cholera broke out with great violence at Mecca, and many thousands of pilgrims perished.* The bodies of the dead were left in mosques and other buildings or they lay unburied by the way-side. The pestilence attained its maximum severity about the middle of the month, and the pilgrims began to return homewards.f At this date our information becomes more precise, for we have a report from Dr. Aubert-Roche addressed to M. Ferdinand de Lesseps, in which an account is given of the subsequent course of the disease in its relation to the interests of the Suez canal. An extract from this report is given in Appendix No. XV., and the following facts up to June 12th are taken from it. On May 19th, an English steamer with 1,500 pilgrims on board, arrived at Suez from Djedda, after having lost a number of passengers on the voyage. Two days afterwards, on May 21st, the master of the vessel and his wife were seized with cholera at Suez. Next day, the 22nd, a single case of cholera took place in a convoy of pilgrims at Damanhour, near Alexandria. There was no other attack until 1 1 days afterwards, on June 2nd when a single case took place in Alexandria, among some natives living with the pilgrims. On June sth two other cases occurred under similar circumstances, and it was not until the 12th June that the disease extended beyond the mixed group of population first attacked. After June 12th cholera was considered to have established itself in Alexandria. On June 14th the consular agents considered it necessary to telegraph the existence of cholera in Alexandria to their respective Governments, and accordingly, on this date the Government of Malta w T as informed of thป fact by telegram. On the same day, June 14th, a quarantine of seven days was declared at Malta against all vessels arriving from Alexandria. * In tlie progress of cholera towards Europe in 1847, it reached Mecca in January, ''where it proved so " destructive to the Moslem pilgrims that from two to three thousand of them are reported to have perished " by it 'in the one night' of their pilgrimage from Mecca to Mount Arafat." — (Report of General Board of Health on Epidemic Cholera of 1848-9.) f This Mecca epidemic bears a striking resemblance to similar epidemics which burst out during pilgrimages in India, where many thousands of persons with animals are crowded together without sanitary precautions. The exciting cause appears to be mainly impure air, and probably impure water, the impurities being derived from the whole surrounding district being covered with excreta and other filth. The Madras Sanitary Commission has, however, proved that these outbreaks can be prevented simply by cleanliness enforced by police airangements, and by providing latrines for the people. By these means annual cholera* epidemics of immemorial recurrence have ceased in recent years. B 4 16 QUARANTINE ARRANGEMENTS AT MALTA. These precise dates show the course which the epidemic followed in its progress towards the north-west, along one line at least. I shall next state what took place with arrivals at Malta, and in doing so I shall make use of facts and dates supplied by the police authorities in a printed paper ( Memorandum on the Cholera of 1865) an extract from which is given in Appendix XVI. The first vessel with pilgrims, the " Ephesus," arrived at Malta from Alexandria on May 31st, after a voyage of five days. She had 235 pilgrims on board. The master reported that three pilgrims had died during the passage, but the deaths were caused neither by diarrhoea nor by cholera, but by " mortification," " constipation," and " senile exhaustion." Sixty-one pilgrims were landed at Malta; the remainder proceeded to Tunis next day. By comparing the dates with those given in Dr. Roche's report, we find that the " Ephesus " left Alexandria on May 26th, or seven days before the first case of cholera in Alexandria. Independently of this fact, no connexion is alleged to have existed between the arrival of this vessel and the subsequent epidemic outbreak in Malta. Between May 31st and June 9th, seven steamers with 237 passengers, chiefly pilgrims, on board, entered the harbour, apparently in good health ; nothing to the contrary is stated. On June 10th, the British steamer " Olympus" arrived in four days from Alexandria. " One of the crew affected with bowel complaint."* On June 12th, three Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamers arrived with 268 passengers for England and 28 for Malta, all well apparently. On the 13th June, the British steamer "Alexandra" arrived in five days from Alexandria, with six passengers for Malta and three passengers for Liverpool. No sickness stated to have been on board. On the morning of the 14th, the steamer " Hellenis " arrived in five days from Alexandria, with two passengers for Malta and three for Liverpool. We have here an authentic account of all the ships and passengers which arrived at or touched at Malta from the return of the first detachment of pilgrims until quarantine was established on June 14th. The vessels were 14 in number. They had on board 782 passengers, of whom 97 were landed at Malta ; and of these only 36 were passengers for Malta. Showing that up to this date there had not been that great exodus of Maltese population from Egypt which is popularly believed. None of the vessels had any choleraic disease on board, and the last of them had left Alexandria on the 9th of June, or three days before cholera appeared among the general population of the city. No connection was ever traced between the arrival of these vessels and the subsequent appearance of cholera in the Islands. Any evidence of importation of the disease, if it were imported, must, therefore, be sought in facts which subsequently occurred. d. Quarantine Arrangements at Malta. The history of cholera, after the establishment of quarantine at Malta on June 14th, affords well-ascertained facts of great interest. But before proceeding further, it appears to be advisable to give a short sketch of the quarantine arrangements at this period ; and to enable these to be understood I have shown on Plan I. the relation of various parts of the establishment to each other, and to the plague hospital in which the first outbreak of cholera occurred. For the present purpose we may consider the quarantine establishment as consisting of three parts — Ist. The quarantine ground where ships were anchored. 2nd. The Lazzaretto. 3rd. The plague hospital. 1. The usual quarantine ground extends from Tascibiesc, at which the vessels are shown on the plan up the harbour in front of the Lazzaretto. But the practice at the time in June 1865, as stated to me by the quarantine authorities, was that vessels as they * The following note on this case is given in another list by Dr. Ghio :—": — " One of the crew, who had been " previously suffering from bowel complaint, died during the passage, and the body was thrown overboard." If this really were a case of cholera, the fact would show that this man had been affected by the epidemic when only three cases of cholera had taken place in Alexandria amongst the mixed group of pilgrims and others where the disease first appeared, and at least six days before the general population of Alexandria was attacked. 17 SANITARY CONDITION OF QUARANTINE ESTABLISHMENT AT MALTA. arrived went across to Tascibiesc, where they cast anchor as shown on the plan. As soon as the necessary formalities were gone through, the ship's boats were lowered, and the passengers were rowed directly across the harbour to the quarantine jetty and there landed. If the vessel required no coals and the captain did not wish to ride out his quarantine he left the harbour immediately, and this was the course followed at the time referred to, the passengers only were left in quarantine. If coals were required they were put on board by the coal gang, and the vessel sailed immediately. So far as concerns any accumulation of vessels on the quarantine ground from which infection might have proceeded before cholera appeared in the plague hospital, there certainly was none. The anchoring ground, moreover, is above 400 yards from the hospital. After cholera had become established in the Islands there were vessels in quarantine, but the present question relates to what took place before cholera appeared in Malta. 2. As regards the quarantine establishment, the following general description given of it by Captain Galton and myself in our " Report on the Sanitary Condition of the " Mediterranean Stations " is sufficient to show what sort of place it is, and how altogether unsuitable it was for the accommodation of a number of people during an epidemic season :: — • " The Lazzaretto proper is a complicated series of buildings, apparently constructed at different times, and without any regard to sanitary considerations. "It contains many apartments of various dimensions; some of them very large, dark, and without ventilation ; others smaller, and with more light and air. The courts are all closed, and surrounded by the high walls of the buildings, which stagnate the air, from which most of the ventilation, such as it is, is derived. Taken as a whole, although better than some other quarantine establishments in the Mediterranean, this Lazzaretto is not a fit place for habitation, and it has been planned apparently more under the influence of fear than of an enlightened consideration for health." 3. The plague hospital where the first outbreak of cholera appeared is described in the same report, as follows :—: — " The plague hospital is a very singular specimen of hospital architecture. It consists of three double rows of cells about 12 feet by 9 feet, built back to back. The cells are on the ground, and the rows are separated by narrow alleys from each other. The whole hospital is surrounded by Avails higher than itself, and is about the last place where a case of severe febrile disease might be expected to progress favourably. The only part of the establishment at all fit for sick is the medical officer's quarters, which face the sea and cut off the ventilation on that side." A careful examination made of the buildings during this inquiry, by the light of experience afforded by the late epidemic of cholera, has convinced me that neither the lazaretto nor plague hospital ought to be occupied when an epidemic is threatened, and that there are local causes in both of them sufficient to have called the disease into existence among susceptible persons, quite apart from any question of importation. There is a difference of level between the lower floor of the Lazzaretto buildings and the ground rising immediately behind them of between 25 and 30 feer. The site has in part been obtained by cutting a shelf in the rock, a position always dangerous to health when epidemic diseases prevail. There are many apartments in the Lazzaretto without any through draught ; rooms entering from rooms ; insufficient window space and no adequate means of ventilation. There are several small damp courts enclosed by high walls of buildings, round which, and on the ground-floor, are long continuous apartments, fitted up with a kind of guardroom bench of wood, on which hundreds of people had to deep. The only ground for obtaining exercise or fresh air was the damp surface of the court or the narrow footway in front towards the quarantine harbour. All the arrangements for drainage, water supply, and personal cleanliness appear to have been most deficient, and, nevertheless, into this place were crowded at one time nearly 1,400 people, most of them in a very filthy condition, and coming out of ships some of which were as filthy as themselves. One small room was pointed out to me in which 14 apparently healthy persons were placed, and of this number five were seized with cholera, together with their guardian, after having escaped the dangers of the crowded filthy ship which carried them from Alexandria. From first to last there were 20 cases of cholera among people placed in quarantine in these buildings, of which no fewer than 1 2 proved fatal. Three cases, two of which died, were landed from ships, all the others were developed in the Lazzaretto. As a striking contrast to this fatality it may be stated that on the ground immediately behind the Lazzaretto, about 30 feet higher, and at a distance of about 100 yards are C 19034. 18 ..SANITARY STATE OF PERSONS IN QUARANTINE. part of the soldiers' quarters in Fort Manoel, which were occupied during the entire time when the Lazzarretto was crowded with people, among whom these cholera cases were taking place. The men's rooms were clean, and well-ventilated, and not a single case of cholera, occurred in them. The plague hospital which I also examined, was no more adapted for safe occupation during an epidemic period than the Lazzaretto. Besides the bad general plan and construction of the building, its water supply is defective and not connected with the drainage, the condition of privies and drainage was most unwholesome, and long before cholera appeared there was nuisance from the margin of the harbour and from a privy overhanging the water close to the buildings. Bearing these points in mind we shall be better able to understand the facts connected with the arrival of ships in quarantine and the first outbreak of cholera. As already stated quarantine was established at Malta against arrivals from Alexandria on June 1 4th. On the same day at 5 p.m. the steamer " Memnon " arrived in four days from Alexandria, and went over to Tascibiesc as shown in the plan. She had 22 passengers for Malta, of whom 1 1 were pijgrims. The master reported that one pilgrim had died of bowel complaint during the voyage and had been buried at sea. Table V. shows that there were no cases of disease among the passengers or crew of this vessel while in quarantine. On the same day, June 14th, two other vessels, the British steamer " Cairo " with 47 passengers on board for Malta, of whom 3/ were pilgrims, and the Peninsular and Oriental Company's ship " Nyanza " with seven passengers for Malta, arrived in quarantine. None of the passengers were ill at the time or subsequently. By comparing the dates it will be seen that these three vessels had left Alexandria two days before cholera had established itself there, and four days before the consuls considered it necessary to inform their governments of the fact. The subsequent arrivals, however, would have ieft Alexandria after cholera was in the city. There were no arrivals on the 15th and 16th, but on the 17th the Turkish steamer " Maria Antoinette " came into harbour with one passenger in good health on board for Malta. There was no arrival on the 18th. On the 19th the French steamer " Assyrien " landed 30 passengers at the Lazzaretto, apparently in health. On the 20th, at 7.30 a.m., the British steamer " Rhone " arrived, and afterwards landed 147 passengers at the Lazzaretto. The master stated that a passenger and a fireman had died of cholera during the passage. All the other passengers were apparently in health. On this day, the 20tb, there were 254 passengers in quarantine besides health guards and persons who had held communication with them. There was no sickness among them. The first case of diarrhoea in quarantine, found by Dr. Grellet on taking charge, was on the 23rd in a man who landed from the " Christina " on the 22nd. On the same day, the 23rd, there was a case of diarrhoea with vomiting in a woman who had landed from the " Rhone," and on the 24th there were two cases of diarrhoea in men who had also landed from the " Rhone." These cases all recovered, as did also a case of diarrhoea with vomiting which had shown itself on the 26th June in a man landed from the " Italian " on the 23rd. The first case of cholera landed from a vessel coming from Alexandria was on On this date arrived the " Wyvern " with 302 passengers who were landed at the Lazzaretto, and among them a man in the state of collapse. He died at the landing jetty. On the same day another case was landed which recovered on July Bth. On . the same day a case took place in a passenger who was landed from this ship. The passengers from the " Wyvern" were described to me as having been in a very filthy condition. They yielded, from first to last, 1 1 cases of cholera, two of severe diarrhoea and eight deaths. The details regarding the ships in quarantine, given in Table V., show that between the 14th June and 31st July there were 38 vessels with passengers and crews placed in quarantine. That 2,031 passengers, 138 persons in communication with them, and 134 health guards were in the Lazzaretto at one time or another, FIRST OUTBREAK OF (fHOIiI^A 1 N ' M : ALTA IN 1865. 19 The following abstract gives the amount of disease among them :—: — _ I Landed from Ships. Occurred in the Lazzaretto. Numbers | : i n Diarrhoea. Cholera. Diarrhoea. Cholera. Quaran- ! i _ ... tine. I Cases. ! Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. L___ j I i ! Passengers - - 2,031 — — 3 2 16 — 14 8 Health Guards 184 — — — — — —1.1 Coal Labourers,* &c. 138 — | — — — 1 — 5 8 I ! I m i i ฆ ฆ Total - - 2,303 — ! — 8 2 17 — 20 12 ; I I I _, i c. Outbreak of Cholera in the Plague Hospital. I shall next proceed to inquire what relation existed between these cases of disease arid the earliest appearance of cholera in Malta itself. Here again the dates become of great importance. We have seen that the earliest case of diarrhoea, in arrivals from Alexandria, was brought under treatment on June 23rd in a man landed on the preceding day, and that the first case of cholera was landed on the 28th. There is absolutely no evidence of the occurrence of any previous cases. But before either of these dates Asiatic cholera was already in the island, and it first broke out, neither among persons who had come from Alexandria nor among the Maltese population, but among soldiers' families living in the plague hospital. i The following are the facts regarding this remarkable occurrence. The miserable cells of the plague hospital had been crowded by 34 families of part of the royal artillery and of part of the 2/B th regiment. We have already seen what was the condition of the drainage at the period. When cholera showed itself the drains appear to have been full of filth, because the nuisance from the drain traps and privies, as well as from the beach, became very great and was much complained of. A most important point in this history is that, diarrhoea had existed among the families for some time previously due apparently to the bad sanitary condition of their quarters. Matters being in this state, on June 20th, about nine o'clock at night, a child of one of the families was seized with true Asiatic cholera and died in seven hours. This was the first indigenous case of the Malta epidemic of 1865. The distance from the nearest point of the plague hospital, where the case occurred, to the nearest point of the Lazzaretto buildings, as stated by the superintendent of police, is 662 feet, and the two establishments are besides cut off from each other by two or rather by three high walls. The distance of the plague hospital from Tascibiesc, where passengers where discharged from the vessels, was 1,300 or 1,400 feet, and the distance from the landing jetty at the Lazzaretto to the plague hospital was nearly the same. On June 22nd, the next case took place in a woman living in another of the cells of the plague hospital at a short distance from the first case. The third case, on the 23rd, was the mother of the child first attacked. • On the 27th two cases of choleraic diarrhoea took place in a man and a child living in another row of the buildings, and on the 29th another man and a child were attacked with cholera. It is a remarkable proof of the extreme and exceptional virulence of the disease, that of these seven cases of cholera and choleraic diarrhoea all died except one. f. Chronology of Events. As there can be no doubt that on June 20th the first case of true cholera showed itself in Malta, and that it was the commencement of a severe outbreak in the plague hospital, this appears to be the proper place to give a brief chronology of the events up to this date. * All the cases of cholera and diarrhoea among coal labourers took place within two days, in a party of 14, who were landed at the Lazzaretto on the sth July, and placed in one of the divisions of the old hospital set apart for lodging them, — a very likely place in which to develop cholera during an epidemic season. C 2 20 FIRST OUTBREAK OF CHOLERA IN MALTA IN 1865. Dates. Events. 1865. January i and onwards - Gastric and diarrhceal diseases unusually prevalent among the population. January and onwards - Typhus prevalent in Malta in villages subsequently the seats of cholera. Fever mortality double the average. January and onwards - A diaiThoeal disease (so called gastroenteritis) occasioned double the average mortality in Malta. March - Fatal typhus prevalent at Mecca, Medina, and Djedda. April - Epizootic disease prevalent in the East. Importation of cattle prohibited in Malta April 29. May (first weeks of) - Cholera in Arabia. May 17 - - Severe outbreak of diarrhocal disease, mistaken for cholera and reported as such, at Birchircara, Malta. ? 19 - - First vessel with pilgrims from Djedda arrives at Suez. „ 20 - - Severe outbreak of diarrhceal disease with choleraic symptoms among soldiers' families in the Lazzaretto, Malta. „ 21 - - Cholera at Suez in a master of a vessel and his wife. ? 22 - - - A case of cholera among pilgrims at Damanhour, near Alexandria. „ 22 to June 1 - - Several thousand pilgrims landed at Suez, and encamped at Alexandria. „ 26 - - Steamer " Ephesus " leaves Alexandria ; arrives all well at Malta on the 31st. June 2 - - First case among inhabitants of Alexandria living among pilgrims. „ 4 - - At and before this date seven steamers leave Alexandria and arrive all well at Malta between Ist and 9th June. „ o - - Two other cases of cholera among persons living with pilgrims at Alexandria. „ 6 - - Steamer "Olympus" leaves Alexandria, arriving on the 10th at Malta, having had one case of diai-rhoea among the crew. „ 8 - - Steamer "Alexandra" leaves Alexandria; arrives at Malta on the 13th all well. „ 9 - - Three Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamers leave Alexandria and arrive at Malta all well on the 12th. „ 9 - - "Hellenis" leaves Alexandria and arrives at Malta on the 14th all well. ? 10 - - Steamer " Memnon " leaves Alexandria, one death from "bowel complaint" on the voyage; ai'rives all well at Malta in quarantine on the 14th. ? 10 - - The " Cairo " and " Nyanza " leave Alexandria ; arrive all well in quarantine at Malta on the 14th. „ 12 - - - Cholera in Alexandria. ? 12 - - - "Maria Antoinette" leaves Alexandria; arrives, all well, in quarantine at Malta on the 17th. ? 14 - - Consul at Alexandria telegraphs to Malta the existence of cholera in Alexandria. „ 14 - - j Government of Malta places arrivals from Alexandria in seven days' quarantine. ?15 - - - " Assyrien " leaves Alexandria and arrives, all well, in quarantine at Malta on the 19th. ? 15 - - - Premonitory diarrhoea more than usually prevalent in the Ospizio Floriana about this date. ? 16 - - Steamer " Rhone " leaves Alexandria ; loses a passenger and fireman from Cholera on the voyage ; arrives all well in quarantine at Malta on the 20th. „20 - - - Diarrhoea having prevailed among soldiers' families in the plague hospital, Malta, for some time previously, the first case of Asiatic cholera (fatal) in Malta took place in the plague hospital on this date in a soldier's child. No disease in the " Lazzaretto." „ 22 - - Second and third cases of cholera (fatal) among soldiers' families in the plague hospital. ? 23 - - First case of diarrhoea among passengers in the " Lazzaretto." „27 - - - Two cases (one fatal) in the plague hospital. „28 - - Arrival of " Wyvern." First case of Asiatic cholera in the " Lazzaretto." • On considering these facts it appears to be impossible to evade the conclusion that the first indigenous case of cholera in Malta had no connexion with any previous case, and that there is no evidence to sustain the popular idea of the disease having been imported. So far as dates are concerned it might be asserted with more plausibility that the disease really passed from the plague hospital to the Lazzaretto, but there is no evidence either of the one event or of the other. On the contrary, there is evidence that a change, presaging the advent of an epidemic, had been taking place for months in the public health of the Islands, and the epidemic when it did arrive attacked a locality in regard to the pre-eminently bad sanitary conditions of which there is no difference of opinion."* * At a subsequent period, after the plague hospital had been evacuated, cleansed, and fumigated, a number of passengers were removed into it from the Lazzaretto, and among these two eases of cholera occurred, one on the 9th, the other on the 16th of July. Unfortunately, the real defects of the building could be removed neither by lime washing nor by fumigation. LOCAL CAUSES OF CHOLERA IN THE PLAGUE HOSPITAL. 21 g. Local Causes of Cholera in the Plague Hospital. The remarkable outburst in the plague hospital admits of being employed to a certain extent as a test of the correctness of several prevailing opinions as to the manner in which cholera is propagated. The plague hospital as shown in the map is a detached isolated establishment with no population near it. It is enclosed within high walls ; between it and the Lazzaretto is an old burial ground in which bodies of persons dying in quarantine are interred. There is no communication between the plague hospital and the Lazzaretto except through doors in the several walls which are kept locked. As already stated, the buildings consist of ranges of back to back cells each with its own door. Each cell has 108 square feet of floor space, which was the extent of area allotted to a family. There were 34 families, men, women, "and children in the buildings. The drains are of the usual Maltese construction, they follow the line of the buildings and are discharged into the tideless harbour close to the hospital ; with these drains are connected the privies. There is no adequate supply of water to cleanse the drains, and they are nothing but cesspits close to dwellings. Great nuisance proceeded from them at, and before the outbreak of cholera, when the people were suffering from diarrhoea. Another source of nuisance was a privy placed over the margin of the harbour close at hand. Ventilation, both external and internal was most defective, so much so that after cholera broke out, part of the enclosing wall had to be pulled down to admit air to the buildings. Among known predisposing causes of cholera there were present in this case,— Bad construction of dwellings. Bad and offensive privies and drains, or rather cesspits close to the rooms. Overcrowding. Insufficient ventilation. Water supply insufficient for cleansing the drains. At this point we arrive at an important question ; viz., the quality of the water. Among predisposing causes of cholera there cannot be a doubt that the use of water containing organic matter, especially animal organic matter in a state of decomposition must be ranked as one of the most energetic and fatal in its action. In the present case this element was certainly wanting, for the water supply of this hospital is perhaps the purest in the island. It is indeed unusually pure as will be seen by the following analysis made at my request by Mr. Abel of Woolwich, and extracted from his report, Appendix XXIII. Grains per Imperial Gallon. Total solids (by direct determination) - - 15*85 Carbonate of lime ----- B*7o Carbonate of magnesia - - - - 1 '06 Sulphate of soda - - - - - o*Bs Chloride of sodium - - - - 4" 14 Organic and other volatile matters - - - o*4o In this case we must exclude impure water from the chain of causes. The hypothesis that cholera is propagated by emanations from excreta receives no countenance, at least in so far as the first case is concerned, for it is certain that there was in this instance a first case in the plague hospital, and that this first case was the first in the island in the year 1865. In like manner the events give no countenance to any hypothesis as to epidemics taking their origin from specific cholera germs, communicated either by water or by personal intercourse. The first case in the plague hospital occurred before there was any possible channel of communication between it and any antecedent case elsewhere. All we know is, that there was a coming epidemic of cholera, that there were present certain bad sanitary conditions which are well known from experience to be predisposing causes of cholera when cholera is imminent. Why a child in the plague hospital should have been the first victim, or what other agency was requisite to give rise to the first cholera case, or to cause the existing diarrhoea to pass into cholera, are questions beyond our power to answer. In as far as regards new cholera cases, which took place among passengers and others in quarantine, there is no conclusive evidence that all the cases were simply due to importation^ On the contrary, these persons were exposed to the influence of bad locality, defective ventilation, bad drainage, overcrowding into masses within a small compass instead of having been separated into small numbers over a large area. They had fled, C 3 22 ACCOUNT. OVMBAUt;IBOT •: CASES I OTOCBOBfiHiaRJWJ 1805*' many of them in fear, in overcrowded dirty ships, from a place, where cholera existed ; they were themselves of unclean habits, and many of them had very bad accommodation in the Lazzaretto. Moreover, cholera had actually broken out within 662 feet of them before any of them selves were affected even with diarrhoea. Considering the susceptible condition in which many of the people arrived, it is possible that some of them at least may have suffered from the very precautions taken to prevent cholera passing from them into the island. The real wonder is that no greater number died while in quarantine, considering the unfavourable circumstances in which they were placed. 111. — Account of the earlier Cases of Cholera in the Islands. I shall next proceed to give some account of cases of Asiatic cholera which occurred during the first month of the epidemic in Malta. This period will be amply sufficient to show the law of development of the disease. We have seen that the first outbreak of the disease occurred in the plague hospital, and that between the 20th and 29th of June six deaths out of seven cases had taken place there. Apparently all the true cholera attacks had proved fatal. The fifth case in order of date, however, was that of a man who was employed in the plague hospital in lime washing the affected rooms, on the 27th June, after the disease had been about a week in the place. This man was seized with diarrhoea the same day, he then went to Casal Attard, a village about three and a half miles west of the plague hospital, where he lived. Symptoms of cholera came on on the morning of the 28th, and he died at 6*30 a.m. on the 29th. This case was the first instance of the disease having been imported from a place where it existed in great intensity to a village in which there was no cholera, but where the local conditions were favourable to its spreading. Personal communication and favouring local conditions both were present, but no result except, the death of the man followed. The next case of cholera in Attard took place on August Bth six weeks later in another part of the village and there was no connexion between the cases. At the time of the first death at Attard, the families in the plague hospital were removed out of it, and the occurrences which followed afford a striking confirmation of two well-known laws of cholera. Ist. That when cholera exists in a given population it can be moved with it. 2nd. That unless the population be broken up and scattered in an airy healthy locality, the disease will continue its ravages. Eleven hundred yards to the south of the plague hospital, and on the opposite side of the quarantine harbour, is situated a small counterguard, " St. Salvatore," on the slope of the hill between Floriana barracks and the water. On the land side of it rises a lofty curtain, and on the water side it is enclosed by high works, forming a bastion mounting guns. The space for men is between the outer and inner walls, and consists of a long narrow well, almost like a water tank when looked down into from above ; the only entrance to which is by an archway and gate on one side. The casemates are constructed under the terre-pleine of the battery, and their only light and ventilation is derived from the well referred to. The whole place is unfit for occupation as a barrack because it cannot be sufficiently ventilated and for other reasons. On July Ist the remains of the 34 families, all suffering more or less from the usual premonitions of cholera, were removed from the plague hospital. The families of the royal artillery were placed partly in casemates, partly in tents at St. Salvatore. Those belonging to the 2/Bth regiment were taken to the Crown work outside Floriana. On the same afternoon, July Ist, six women were attacked with cholera in the casemates of St. Salvatore, fortunately only one woman died. On July 2nd another woman was attacked and died in the casemates. Up to this date there had been no case of cholera among the civil population of the island, excepting the Attard case. Next day, July 3rd, the first civil case of cholera took place in No. 96, Strada Vescovo in the middle of Valletta, about 1,500 yards from St. Salvatore and 1,000 yards from the occupied portion of the Lazzaretto, where there were only two cases under treatment on the 3rd, one of which died on this day. The following are the notes of the case in Strada Vescovo taken down from Dr. Ghio's dictation. " The first case of cholera in Valletta took place in a woman named Schembri, a dressmaker, Strado Vescovo, No. 96. Had diarrhoea six days before attack, which she neglected. Went on June 30th, early in the morning, to St. Julians, returned about 1 1 o'clock to Strada Vescovo ; on the 2nd July had diarrhoea again, and about noon on the 3rd she had headache and fainting fits. At 4 p.m. she was seized with a sudden and virulent attack of cholera, of which she died at midnight." ACCOUNT OF EARLIEST CASES OF CHOLERA IN 1865. 23 This woman had not been in contact with any cholera case. The history, indeed, shows it to have been a pure epidemic case, differing in no respect from other epidemic seizures. There was no fresh case for the next three days. But on the 6th July three children belonging to soldiers' families were attacked in the tents at St. Salvatore, and one of them died.* On the same day a case occurred in a soldier in Fort Ricasoli, on the opposite side of the great harbour and upwards of 2,500 yards from St. Salvatore. It proved fatal next day. The sufferer is stated, by Dr. Boileau who was in charge, to have been an old weakly soldier who had arrived with the regiment en the Ist July from England. The disease wanted some symptoms of true Asiatic cholera. It was nevertheless rapidly fatal, and is considered to have been a sporadic case. There was no further disease at Fort Ricasoli until a month later. On July 7th, a fatal case took place in a soldier in the tents at St. Salvatore. Next day, the Bth, a female child, aged 19 months, died of cholerine at No. 223, Strada Manderaggio, one of the worst localities in Valletta. In Mr. Inglott's report already referred to, it has been shown that premonitory symptoms began to prevail in the " Ospizio " at Floriana in the middle of June, and that fatal cases of diarrhoea showed themselves early in July. The first of these fatal diarrhffia cases took place in an invalid at the Ospizio on July Bth, and is returned in Dr. Ghio's list as cholera, although Mr. Inglott gives July 16th as the date of the first confirmed cholera case in the Ospizio, registered as such by the medical officer. On July 9th a soldier's wife was seized in the casemates, St. Salvatore, and died. On the same day a soldier belonging to Fort Tigne, who had been on fatigue duty at the tents at St. Salvatore, was attacked and died in the general hospital. On the 10th another fatal case of diarrhoea, entered on Dr. Ghio's list as cholera, took place in the Ospizio. On the same day there was a case at No. 1 7, Strada San Michele, Cospicua, 2,500 yards away, on the opposite side of the great harbour, This was the second case (counting the fatal case at Fort Ricasoli as one) on the side of the great harbour opposite Valletta. Next day, the 11th July, a boy employed as a servant in the telegraph office, No. 7> Strada Marsamucetto, not near any other case, was seized in the office, and went to his mother's house in Strada Zecca where he died. On the same day a child was seized with cholera in the tents of St. Salvatore and recovered. Next day there were two cases at Floriana, one a fatal diarrhoea case in the Ospizio, the other at 64, Conservatorio, a street with houses in a very bad sanitary condition opposite the civil hospital. On the 13th, there was another fatal diarrhoea case in the Ospizio and two other cases in Cospicua, one at No. 17, Strada San Michele, where a case had taken place on the 10th, the other at> No. 39, Strada San Marco, this latter case is stated to have been fatal diarrhoea. On the same day cholera first appeared in Floriana barrack, attacking two soldiers one of whom died. A fatal case likewise occurred in a woman living in the left Horn work 700 yards away. On July 14th there were five new cases. One of these took place in a gentleman who had arrived in health on the Ist of July from Alexandria, in a Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer. He was seven days in quarantine, during which he suffered * It may be well to mention that the 2nd Battalion, 22nd regiment, left Malta on this date on board the " Orontes " for Gibraltar, and afterwards lost two men from cholera there, although it has never been more than hinted that possibly the regiment got the infection from St. Salvatore, on account of the " Orontes " having taken the men on board near a sewer proceeding from the fort into the harbour. The facts are the following : — The regiment was quartered at Pembroke camp, about three miles away. There was no cholera there. It was marched through Floriana on July oth and 6th, to the hay wharf, off which the " Orontes" was lying. On the route it never Avas near St. Salvatore or any atfected locality. The sewer mouth is a small opening under water 200 yards or more distant from where the " Orontes " was moored. Injury from it was perfectly impossible, and the dates in the text show that the regiment got on board while there was a cessation of attacks. The vessel sailed on the 6th. The first epidemic case at Pembroke camp took place in a child living in one of the wooden huts. It was seized with diarrhoea on the 15th and died on the 19th July. This case was immediately followed by two fatal cases of cholera in the same family. Is it possible that the 2 /22 nd regiment when it left Malta, or at least that some of tlu. men, might have become already predisposed to cholera under the g.neu.i epidemic constitution then prevailing, and that the disease was developed at Gibraltar by unhealthy local conditions ? The first case in this regiment proved fatal at Gibraltar on the very day the child died at Pembroke camp, and next day, the 20th, the child's mother was seized with cholera. C 4 24 ACCOUNT OF EARLIEST CASES OF CHOLERA IN 1865. not from diarrhoea but from constipation. A week after, landing at Valletta, he died of cholera at No. 37, Strada Mezzodi. This was the only case in the house. The same day a fatal case of diarrhoea took place in the Ospizio, there were two cases in Strada Miratore, Floriana, and a fatal case in a soldier in Floriana barrack. July 16th was marked by an epidemic outbreak more severe than any which had yet occurred. On this day there were no fewer than 13 cases of Asiatic cholera. In Valletta there was a fatal case in Strada Reale, another in Marsamuscetto, and another in Strada Brittanica. The two last were children who had come from Alexandria on the 2nd July, and left the Lazzaretto for their own homes in good health after performing 12 days' quarantine, there had been cholera on board the " Cella," the ship in which they came. In Floriana there were four cases, one of these was the first fatal case returned as true cholera in the Ospizio, another case occurred in the Piazza Maggiore, a third was taken ill in the open street, a fourth in the left Horn work, fatal in a soldier there. At Cospicua a case occurred in Vicolo Marina, No. 53. On this day the first epidemic case, at a distance from Valletta, took place at Rabato, in Strada Doni, six miles away. No connexion is known to have existed between this and any other case. The disease also appeared in a street called Concezione, at Misida, at the upper end of Misida creek. Dr. Ghio states that two women who suffered were laundresses who had washed the linen of the gentleman who died in Strada Mezzodi, Valletta, on the 14th two days before. On the same day, the 16th, on which these women were attacked, a gentleman, living in another house, No. 119, Concezione, in the same street where these women lived, was also seized. The reason assigned for his fatal illness was that one or both of the washerwomen had frequented his house. The case in Strada Mezzodi took place on the 14th, and proved fatal the same day. And to estimate the value of the chain of sequence we must bear in mind that the women had to fetch the linen, and wash it, and they had besides to communicate the disease to their neighbour ; and yet the whole three were attacked and died on the 16th. On the loth a soldier was seized with cholera. in Upper St. Elmo barrack. Next day, the 17th, there was another case in Upper St. Elmo, and there were 12 other cases scattered over the garrison. One of these was at 83, Strada San Giuseppe, in Valletta. Floriana furnished eight cases, three of which were in the Ospizio, and one in the Central Civil Hospital. There was a case in Miratore, another in Piazza Maggiore, two in Strada Mercato. There were two cases in Cospicua, and one at Misida. The 18th July gave nine new cases. Three of these took place in Lower St. Elmo, Strada Fontana, Strada St. Giuseppe, No. 83. There was one case in No. 46, Campanile, in Cospicua. There were four in Misida, and on this day the first case of cholera took place at Birchircara, two months after the outbreak of choleraic disease there. On July 19th there was a case in Strada St. Paolo, Valletta, and another case across the great harbour at Corradino. Next clay, the 20th, showed a great and sudden increase of the disease, to which Valletta contributed 10 cases, three in the Manderaggio, one in Marsamuscetto, two in Strada Reale, one in Strada Fontana, one in Strada Frederico, and one in Strada Fianco. There were six cases in Floriana, two in the Ospizio, two in Strada St. Anna, and two in the Central Hospital. A case took place in a man on board a vessel in French Creek, Cospicua. There was a second case in Strada Doni, at Rabato, six miles distant; there were three cases at Misida, and one at 29, Del Quartiere, in Vittoriosa. There were thus 22 cases in all, scattered most of them over the garrison, although confined to the civil population. During the month from June 20th to July 20th inclusive, there were thus 100 cases, civil and military, in the island, besides cases in quarantine. I have had these cases transferred to map No. 1., which shows the locality of all of them, except of one attacked in the street in Floriana. The cases divide themselves into three groups. The first and most important was the group which had its origin in the plague hospital, and which was transferred with the people to St. Salvatore, Floriana. The second group consisted of the " Ospizio " cases, which, as seen on the map, have an apparent connexion with the cases in St. Salvatore. But no such connexion has ever been alleged. The outbreak in the ACCOUNT OF EARLIEST CASES OP CHOLERA IN 1865. 25 Ospizio had as distinct a beginning and development as that in the plague hospital. The inmates suffered from premonitory diarrhoea, while this disease existed among the inmates of the plague hospital ; the premonitory diarrhoea was followed by fatal diarrhoea, and then by Asiatic cholera. Before the recent sanitary improvements in the " Ospizio " cholera generally located itself among the inmates before attacking any one else. During the late epidemic, cholera had existed a fortnight among the civil population before the first case took place in the Ospizio. , . ? The third group of cases consists of those which occurred among the general civil population. These, as is shown by the map, were scattered over the garrison irregularly, both in time, locality, and distance. With two or three exceptions all of these earlier cases occurred at the rate of one case per house, and there is no evidence of the spread of the disease being due to the transfer of any virus. We shall obtain further means of judging when we come to consider the distribution of cholera deaths, but the statistical facts regarding these earlier cases, although they neither affirm nor deny the communicability of cholera, certainly afford no evidence in support of the view that the epidemic of 1 865 was occasioned by a specific virus having been conveyed by intercourse from house to house, or from person to person. By the 20th July the epidemic may be considered as having become fairly established _i. - .-_.*'<ฆ• .* . . .1 1 • l'lil T/Vป i J I'll in Malta, and I shall next state the order in which the different towns and villages were attacked. The map, No. 11., shows the position of each group of population, together with the dates of attack. The following table gives the date of the first case in each city and village, together with the distance of successive first cases. It will be seen that the facts afford no evidence of cholera having radiated from any centre or centres. On successive days, and even on the same days, it attacked places miles apart from each other, sometimes at the opposite extremities of the island. Table of Dates and Distances of Successive First Cases of Cholera in Malta. Distance in Distance in ._, ?.„ Date of First Yards of Places -vr ™ ? n-^ itmi Date of First Yards of Places Name of Oity or Village. Cage of Cho]era successively Name of City or Village. Case of cholera successive i y attacked. attacked. Attard - - June 29 - — ' Zurrico - - July 27 - 10,300 Valletta - - July 3 - 7,000 San Giuliano - „ 27 - 1 1,000 Cospicua - „ 10 - 2,500 Gargur - „ 28 - 3,520 Floriana - - „ 12 - 2,200 Zeitun - - „ 29 - 11,500 Misida - - „ 16 - 1,700 j Calcara - „ 30 - 4,500 Rabato - - „ 16 - 8,800 | Gudia - - 31 - 5,700 Birchircara - - „ 18 - 7,000 | Axiack - - August 4 - 1,850 Corradino - „ 19 - 5,700 Balzan - - „ 5 - 8,500 Vittorioso - - „ 20 - 1,100 | Li.i - - „ 6 - 450 Curmi - - ?21- 5,250 ; Paola - - „ 7 - 7,000 Musta - - „ 21 - 6,000 ; Tarxien - - „ 8 - 850 Senglea - - „ 22 - 8,800 i Siggieui - - „ 8 - 7,000 Naxaro - - „ 22 - 7,500 : Crendi - - „ 8 - 2,600 Micabiba - - „ 23 - 8,800 | Luca - - „ 12 - 3,500 Zebbug - „ 24 - 3,500 ( Mclleha - „ 12 - 17,000 Zabbar - - ? 24 - 8,000 i St. Paul's Bay- - „ 15 - 3,600 Via St. Guiseppo - ?24 - | 7,000 | San - - „ 15 - 15,500 Sliema - „ 25 - 3,500 Chircop - - „ 17 - 1,300 Dingli - - „ 27 - 10,500 On July 21st, the day on which cholera appeared in the villages of Curmi and Musta, in Malta, the first case of cholera took place in the island of Gozo. The circumstances are stated by Dr. Ghio, as follow : — " On the 21st July, Michele Cilia, aged 22 years, a seaman employed in a coasting boat, returned to Gozo after nine days stay at Malta. He arrived at Casal Xeuchia, the place of his residence, at about 3 o'clock p.m., suffering from diarrhoea. During the ensuing night he was seized with cholera, but recovered." This man is believed to have imported cholera into Gozo. I shall discuss the evidence for this opinion afterwards. At present 1 shall simply state the statistical facts as they regard Gozo. The next place attacked was Rabato, the capital of the island, where the first case took place on the 2nd August. On the day following a case occurred at Caccia. On D 19034. 26 DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS FROM CHOLERA IN CITIES AND VILLAGES. the sth August there was a first case at Nadur, and another at Sannat. ; On the 7thj Marsalfom and Garbo each hdTl a case. Munxar was attacked on the 10th, and Santa Lucia on the 1 lth. The first case in Kercem took place on the 15th, and in Zebbug on the 17th. There was only one case in Ghain Sielem, the port chiefly frequented by coasters from Malta, on the 7th September. The first case in Ghammar took place on the 9th, and there was one at Kala on the 18th September. The following table, similar to the one already given for Malta, is abstracted from the map, and shows the distances of these earlier successive attacks from each other, ฆ ฆ Table of Dates and Distances of Successive First Cases of Cholera in Gozo. Distance in Distance in Na m e of City „ ViUagc, c ปf of ฐSfra. *ฃฃฃฃ" *-ป ป f 9* * ™a g e. *ฃฃ%' attacked. attacked. Xeuchia - - July 21 - Munxar - - August 10- 3,500 Rabato - - August 2- 2,600 Santa Lucia - - „ 11- 1,700 Caccia - - „ 3 - 1,800 Kercem - - „ 15- 1,000 Nadur - - „ 5 - 3,500 Zebbug - - ?17- 2,500 Sannat - - „ 5 - 4,500 Ghain Sielem - - Sept. 7 - 7,000 Marsalforn - - „ 7 - 5,500 Ghammar - „ 9- 8,000 Garbo - - „ 7 - 5,250 Kala - „ 18- — This table shows no evidence of radiation of cholera from Xeuchia, its supposed point of importation. On the contrary, the disease comported itself very much as it did in Malta,. attacking simultaneously and successively points at considerable distances from each other, and leaving the intervening country untouched. IV. — Distribution of Deaths from Cholera in Cities and Villages. Statistical facts bearing on the distribution of deaths from cholera in the cities are full of interest, because, among other reasons, they admit to a certain extent of comparison with similar facts regarding the distribution of mortality from plague in 1813. The difference of local position and construction of houses in the cities within the garrison is such that a satisfactory comparative estimate of the death rate from cholera solely in relation to the density of population can scarcely be arrived at. I shall, however, give the facts as brought oat by the inquiry. In the following abstract the first column shows the number of inhabitants to 1,000 square yards in each city at the period of the census in 1861. The second column gives the death rates per 1,000 of the population from the cholera of 1865. Persons per 1,000 square yards. Cholera deaths per 1,000. Senglea - 45 9 Cospicua - 45 11 Floriana, the most densely peopled district, gives apparently the lowest death rate, but a glance at the map will show that Floriana is a small, regularly built, isolated town, and it has, moreover, always been the healthiest portion of the garrison. The deaths from cholera were by no means equally distributed over the surface of the towns. As a general rule the disease was most intense on sloping ground, especially towards lower levels. The ridges and comparatively flat surfaces had few deaths, but this rule was of course modified by other local conditions connected with the sanitary state of houses, the habits of population, and the like. By referring to the map it will be seen, for example, how large a proportion of deaths took place round the outskirts of Senglea, on the lower levels overhanging the harbours, when compared with the scattered deaths along the central ridge of that town. The ground slopes rapidly from the ridge on both sides towards the water, but the worst class of dwellings is also there, and the better class of houses and population are found along the ridge. Cospicua is nearly all built on sloping ground, and the comparative intensity of cholera in different districts of this town appears to have depended on other elements added to topographical position. A similar observation may be made regarding Vittoriosa. 27 DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS FROM CHOLERA IN HOUSES. Valletta itself furnishes perhaps the best points of comparison as to the effects of position of houses on the intensity of cholera, and I shall select it for this purpose. A reference to the map will show that the city consists mainly of two sets of streets crossing each other at right angles. The lowest points of all the streets are those nearest the sea. The centre of the peninsula is an irregular ridge, partly sloping, partly flat, or nearly so, to which all the transverse streets ascend on both sides from the water. The lowest point of Strada Reale is 50 feet above the sea level at St. Elmo, from which it rises to 153 feet at the Porta Reale in a length of 800 yards. The next street to the east, Strada Mercanti, slopes upwards from 74 feet to 174 feet in the same distance. The other longitudinal streets have a proportionate slope, but it is not continuous, from the irregular nature of the ground on the sides of the ridge. The highest longitudinal street is Strada Mercanti, and all the transverse streets slope upwards towards it. The rise in the short transverse streets near St. Elmo to Strada Mercanti may be taken generally at 40 feet in a distance of 200 yards. Further up the town the slopes become much steeper and those on the south-east side have to be ascended by stairs. In several instances the rise in 140 or 150 yards is from 60 to 80 feet. On the north-west side of the city the inclines are longer, but the rise is sometimes between 80 and 100 feet, and the plane of the slope is broken up into hollows. Valletta is thus built on a high central ridge with rapid slopes down towards the sea. There is, however, a considerable area, amounting to perhaps a fourth part of the entire surface of the town, which is comparatively level, and occupies the summit of the peninsula from the defensive works on the land side to the palace. Bearing these topographical facts in mind, let us now examine the localities of cholera deaths as shown on the map No. 111. It will be at once evident how large a proportion of the deaths took place on the slopes and round the lower levels, and how small comparatively was the mortality in upper districts of the town. The map, however, shows two striking exceptions to this law, for on the highest point of the town it will be seen that there are two groups of deaths which are apparently out of place. These are due to exceptional local conditions of another kind altogether. They mark the two worst blocks of buildings in the upper part of Valletta. If they were cleared away, and all their bad sanitary arrangements removed with them, and if the ground were occupied by healthy dwellings, there would be no reason why the inhabitants should not escape cholera as much as any others in the A very important part of the inquiry was to ascertain by what apparent law the epidemic deaths were distributed among houses and over different parts of the same house, on account of the additional light which might in this way be obtained into the local favouring conditions of the disease. The statistical facts of this portion of the investigation are given in Appendix XVIII., and I shall state the results. As a rule, the houses in the garrison towns resemble in general construction and arrangement those usually met with in other Mediterranean cities. They are built with small narrow courts, round which the houses are arranged in floors. Most of the rooms are of the back to back construction, and have no thorough draft. Many houses of this class are separate occupancies, while others are let in separate apartments of one or two rooms, and are called common lodging houses. A house subdivided in this way is generally occupied by a number of families, using a common staircase and all conveniences in common, and has the appearance of being very densely peopled. Some better class houses are divided into floors, each of which is occupied by a family. Houses entering directly from streets and lanes are of a different construction. Many of these have no light or air except what they derive from the door or from a window on the same side as the door. It will be seen that the word " house" includes buildings or tenancies of very different dimensions. In some cases a house contains few inmates, while in others it may contain some dozens. In the country villages the construction of dwellings is, in the majority of instances, of a very different character. Villages in Malta and Gozo resemble nothing so much as aggregations of small farm buildings and farmyards each enclosed within its separate wall. Domestic arrangements are different in the villages from what they are in the towns ; they represent indeed a different civilization, and one of far higher antiquity. D 2 28 DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS FROM CHOLERA IN HOUSES. The enclosures are for the most part numbered as separate houses, and those I inspected were occupied by single families. It is necessary to bear in mind these various constructive arrangements in order to understand the following statistical facts respecting the distribution of deaths from cholera. I shall give these first for the cities and then for the villages. The deaths from cholera in relation to houses within the garrison were as follow : — Valletta - - 281 deaths in 223 houses. Floriana - - 49 „ 48 „ Senglea - - 61 53 „ Vittoriosa - - 106 „ 85 „ Cospicua (Burrnola) - 120 „ 86 „ In Valletta there were three deaths the exact localities of. which were not known, and, excluding these, it appears from this summary that 617 deaths among the civil population of the garrison took place in 495 houses. A further analysis of the table shows that most of the deaths were single, i.e., that there was no more than one death per house. The proportions in each city were — Valletta - 182 houses with one death per house. Floriana - 47 ? ? Senglea - 46 ? „ Cospicua - 66 „ „ It hence appears, that out of 495 houses in which people died of cholera, 411, or 83 per cent., of the houses yielded only one death per house, and that there were" multiple deaths in 84 houses, or in 17 per cent, of the whole. The number of deaths per house out of these 84 houses varied from two to six per house. The proportions for each city are as follow :—: — Number of Houses and Deaths per House. Valletta - - 30 7 3 — 1* Floriana ----1 — — — — Senglea ----6 1 — — — Vittoriosa 12 1 1 1 — Cospicua ----11 5 3 1 — * Properly speaking there were five deaths in this house, as one of the persons died at Senglea, on the opposite side of the great harbour. A number of the other multiple deaths took place not in the houses but in the hospitals. Many of these multiple deaths were really multiple attacks which proved fatal not ID the houses but elsewhere. There were thus 60 houses each of which had two cholera deaths from among their inmates. In 14 houses there were three deaths per house, in seven houses four, in two five, and in one house in Valletta, a plan, elevation, and section of which are given in Plate No. VI., there were six deaths. Many of these houses, as already stated, contain a number of families, each having its own dwelling. These facts show that, so far as concerns the distribution of deaths from cholera over the cities, the law of the disease was to occasion single deaths in separate families, and that multiple deaths were comparatively exceptional. Table XIX. contains the deaths per house in the villages of Malta in relation to sanitary condition. There were altogether 805 deaths in these villages, including 27 deaths which took place among the inmates of Saura's hospital at Rabato, two deaths in Santa Spirito hospital, and five deaths the particulars of which are not given in the returns. Excluding DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS FROM CHOLERA IN HOUSES. 29 these, we find that 631 village houses yielded 771 cholera deaths, and that the proportions of deaths to houses were as follow :—: — 514 houses yielded - - 1 death each. 99 „ 2 deaths „ VU 9> * status „ 1 j> " jป ป Table XX. contains the corresponding facts for the island of Gozo. In the villages of Gozo 192 houses yielded 231 deaths from cholera, distributed in the following proportions :—: — 161 houses yielded - 1 death each. 4 ป )> a " " 3 „ ry of these statistical data :—: — Number of Houses and Deaths per House. One. Two. Three. Four. Five. Six. 411 60 14 7 2 1 514 99 15 2 — 1 161 25 5 — 1 __ 1,086 184 34 9 3 2 topographical history of cholera mortality as it occurred in 25 5 1 The following is a summary Garrison towns - Villages of Malta - Villages of Gozo - Total We have in this table the 1,318 houses, many of which contained several families, ench in its own dwelling, or if we admit, for the sake of argument, that cholera is communicated by germs (one of the statements made to me at Malta), we have here the history of 1,318 centres of contagion. In 1,086 of these, or 82 per cent, of the entire number, there was only one death in each house, and in 232 there were more deaths than one per house. In a number of villages all the deaths were single deaths. Even in the village of Xeuchia in Gozo, into which it was affirmed that cholera had been imported, out of 16 houses, yielding 18 deaths, 14 houses had no more than one death each. We have already seen that in Valletta itself there was a great preponderance of deaths from cholera in houses situated on slopes, especially towards the lower levels ; indeed, all the deaths except about 40 took place in houses built on, or at the foot of, steep sloping ground ; and I shall next proceed to show the proportion of deaths from cholera in different parts of blocks of houses where fatal cases occurred. One of the columns in Table XVIII. gives the number of deaths in each floor of the houses. But in order to understand this, it is necessary to state that there are not many inhabited underground basements in the garrison, and that the occupation of houses generally begins from the ground floor upwards. Most of the houses, however, being built on sloping ground, floors of ground floor rooms are not necessarily all at or above the level of the ground, because they may have higher levels close to them, and may be on this account really partially below the level. The following summary from Table XVIII. shows the number of deaths from cholera on each floor of houses where there were deaths within the garrison : — Number of Deaths among the Population living in il:|ii t i * d 8 i I I I I J I I I 6 I S 1 1 | $ I Valletta - - - 8 72 80 43 44 22 4 4 7 Floriana - - -110 18 211 4 2 — 1 Senglea — 18 12 19 7 2 — — 3 Vittoriosa - - - — 36 13 45 5 1 3 3 Cospicua 6 66 7 28 5 — — 1 7 15 202 130 137 72 29 6 8 21 D 3 DEATHS IN DIFFERENT PAIITS OF HOUSES:- -COMPARISON WITH PLAGUE OF 1813. 30 Before a precise estimate could be arrived at as to the value of these' numbers, it would of course be requisite to know what the population of each floor m every house was at the time cholera prevailed. This would be impracticable, and we must therefore take the numbers as they are, and endeavour to understand their meaning by comparing them with the elevations and sections of houses shown on Plans V. and VI. In the preceding summary the different parts of the houses are arranged in their order from below upwards the mezzanine, although above the ground floor, differs little, it at all, from this floor in its sanitary relations, and it would be perfectly safe in estimating the relative mortality of different floors to group the basements, ground floors, and mezzanim tO^rhe 6 total deaths in the preceding summary are 620 ; from these 21 must be excluded on account of imperfect description. This will give 599 deaths which have to be arrwed in their proportions from below upwards. Of these 347 deaths took place in basements, ground floors, and mezzanini. The other deaths, amounting to 252 took place on the floors above. In many narrow streets in the poorer localities the first floors are scarcely better ventilated than those below them. The upper floors being nearer the upper air, are less objectionable in this respect. Tne table shows that 1 15 deaths out of 599 took place in floors above the first floor. The number of deaths diminished rapidly from below upwards, following in this respect the law observed in the plague of 1813, in regard to which it was a saying of the time that ซ plague was a disease which " seldom went upstairs." We have here, then, certain apparent laws influencing the mortality from epidemic diseases in different districts and in different floors of houses in Valletta, and we have the means of showing that the same laws influenced the course of plague in 1813. In an interesting account of that severe epidemic drawn l up by the late Deputy Inspector General, Dr. Burrell, for the General Board of Health, there is a map prepared by the Works Department at Valletta, showing the houses where plague deaths occurred, the dwellings and floors are entered on the map in figures showing their numbers ; but in order to lender the comparison between the districts affected with plague and -cholera more easy to the eye, I have had the localities transferred to a tracing of Valletta (Map No IV.) i taken from the same map on which the cholera deaths are entered. The black dots on the plague map show the affected dwellings and by comparing these with the black dots showing the deaths from cholera on map No. 111., it will be seen how close is the resemblance between the two maps. It is evident that plague and cholera haunted the. same localities after an interval of above half a century. Even the blocks of houses on the highest levels of the town, which as we have seen afforded the apparently exceptional cholera deaths in 1865, afforded an exceptional number of plague deaths in 1813. When we compare the plague epidemic, as regards the floors attacked by that disease, with the number of deaths from cholera in different floors^ we find again a remarkable resemblance in the localities affected by the two epidemics Excluding the Manderao- 60 QUARANTINE RESTRICTIONS IN REFERENCE TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH. number of instances in which cholera appeared without even suspected communication, the whole number of alleged cases of communication would scarcely make a fractional difference in the history of the epidemic ; and if they were all expunged they would make ho difference in the law of progress of the disease, as shown by the statistical facts already given. I shall, however, take the most important and best attested of these cases, and let them speak for themselves. . The first case I shall take is one given me by the Chief Police Physician :—: — The steamer " Behera " left Alexandria on June 26, and arrived at Malta on July Ist. There had been one death on board, suspected at Malta to have been cholera, although the captain stated that he did not know the cause of death. The vessel landed 337 passengers at the Lazzaretto, and left the quarantine ground after coaling. Three days after the passengers were landed (viz., on July 4th), three of them took diarrhoea, of which two recovered on the sth, and one on the 6th July. They received pratique on the 10th. Of these passengers, a family of four went to Vittoriosa on the evening of the 10th in apparent good health, and slept there. Next morning they went to Corradino to a lodging house, Molo di San Francesco, No. 37. The part of the house to which the people went consists of a number of rooms, each entered from an open balcony facing the Creek. These various apartments were inhabited by different families. The people from the " Behera" occupied a romn entered from the western extremity of the balcony, to reach which they had to pass all the other rooms. The room at the opposite or eastern end of the balcony was occupied by a family, a child belonging to which visited the people from Alexandria. We have seen that these people left the Lazzaretto in perfect health. They remained so in this lodging house. They had neither diarrhoea nor cholera. The child was seized with cholera on the 18th, and died. The dates show that the people left Alexandria on the 26th June, i.e., three weeks before they are believed to have given the child the infection, they themselves having continued in perfect health all the time. They passed daily the doors of the other dwellings on the balcony, and no evil result followed to anybody but the child. This fact by itself is presumed to have established the connexion between the disease in Alexandria and the child's case. And then the child, it is said, gave it to others of its family. Its sister was attacked on the 20th, and died on the 21st. A brother was attacked, and died on the 22nd. And another young man who had been in the house took cholera a week after, and died. Taking for granted that the statements are correct, and that they include all the facts (although many are obviously wanting), we must not forget that the events took place just a month after cholera had broken out in the island, and 9 or 10 days after the first case of cholera had taken place on the same side of the great harbour ; besides this the Malta Board of Health had itself certified that the people were in good health.* The question which may be fairly raised by this case is simply whether persons in perfect health can carry pestilence about them for three weeks, affecting no one out of hundreds they may be daily in contact with in a crowded ship and lazaret, and can then pass the disease over at the end of the time to a young child, without ever having suffered themselves in the slightest degree from it I need scarcely say that a conclusion such as this would require a very large number of well observed similar cases, from which sources of error have been carefully eliminated, to justify it, and that a more satisfactory cause of the child's death, as well as of the apparent coincidence, might probably have been found elsewhere. The next case is one which was supposed to have been very carefully observed, and the facts, so far as they go, are no doubt correct, for 1 have received them from several sources. On one of the highest points of Valletta is St. James Cavalier, a huge lofty mass of masonry, rising high above the works and mounting guns on its top. There is a barrack for 136 men, as it were, hollowed out of its interior. The accommodation consists of eight casemates all communicating with each other at one end, as there is no separate passage to give entrance to the rooms. At the time of the cholera of 1865 several soldiers' families were lodged in the casemates, besides unmarried men, and one of the casemates is divided longitudinally by a partial partition to separate the families from each other. The ventilation, such as it is, is common to all the rooms. In one division * " The passengers by the steam ship " Behera " from Alexandria having continued to enjoy perfect state of health up to this date, as stated by the lazzaretto physician, the Board do recommend that they may be released from quarantine, this day being the ninth clear day since the " Behera " entered port." — (Board of Health Minute, July 10th, 1885.) 61 QUARANTINE RESTRICTIONS IN REFERENCE TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH. of the divided casemate lived a man, named Morgan, and his wife. It is stated that the woman had not been near any affected person or district, only she received into her division of the casemate a child of a woman, Mrs. Gadd, who had died of cholera on July 10th at San Salvatore. The child appeared to be in perfect health. The statement is that the child, Emily Gadd, was attacked with cholera six days after, on the 16th, and died in four days. That on the 26th, about a week after the child's death, the woman was herself taken ill of cholera, and recovered ; but that her husband who attended on her took cholera, and died on the 30th. It was, moreover, confidently stated that no case had occurred in the barracks until the child's death, and that, except in the cases arising out of the child's case, there was no cholera in St. James Cavalier. Such are the reputed facts. Let us now see how far they are borne out by the official returns. Tables XXI. and XXII. give the attacks and deaths from diarrhoea and cholera in St. James Cavalier, and these I have abstracted in the following summary, which shows all the cases in the Cavalier, their dates and results. Dates. Name of Patient. Disease. Result. _ . _ . July 4 - | Francis Monk - - Diarrhoea - Recovered. „ 10 - William Rees - - ! Diarrhoea - Recovered. „ 16 - ! Mrs. Forrester - ->ฆ Diarrhoea - Recovered. „ 16 - i Emily Gadd - - Diarrhoea - ! Died, 20th July. ? 20 - | George Garment - - j Cholera - Died, 22nd July. „ 25 - j William Bourdell - - | Cholera - j Recovered. „ 26 - ! Mrs. Morgan - - - Cholera - J Recovered. „ 26 - I George Rodber - - j Diarrhoea - Recovered. „ 30 - | William Morgan - - ; Cholera - j Died, 30th July. j August 22 •• i James Weakly - - Diarrhoea - Recovered. „ 24 - Edward Ives - - ; Diarrhoea - Recovered. ? 26 - John Caple - - - Diarrhoea - Recovered. „ 29 -; W. Tasker - - - Diarrhoea - Recovered. t , .' It will be seen that these statistical facts give a very different account of the disease in St. James Cavalier. They show, Ist, that diarrhoea had shown itself among the men before the child Emily Gadd was brought into the casemate, and that there were three cases of diarrhoea before the child was taken ill. 2nd. That the child was not affected with cholera but with diarrhoea, of which it died (this might indeed have been inferred from the duration of the case four days). 3rd. The very day the child died of diarrhoea, a soldier named Garment was seized with cholera in another casemate of which he died on the 22nd. On inquiry this man was found to have been an officer's servant. He slept in the Cavalier and attended in his master's house in Floriana. It was stated to me that the officer's wife and servant had had cholera, and that Garment was at the house at the time, and waited on the servant. But the particulars of these cases, their dates, their relation to Garment's case, or even their precise nature, could not be ascertained. Besides, Garment's case was not the only case of cholera in the Cavalier before Mrs. Morgan's, for on the 25th June as shown by the table, a soldier named Bourdell was seized with cholera. This was on the day before that on which Mrs. Morgan was taken ill, and five daj^s before her husband was attacked. I was informed that this man slept in the Cavalier, that he was on picket duty at the gate of Upper St. Elmo, and went from thence to the hospital ill. He is not known to have been near any cholera case. 4th. As already stated, the Morgans lived on one side of a partial partition in one of the casemates. No one in the same casemate and on the other side of the partition was in any way affected ; the other cases were in other casemates. Lastly, All these cases in St. James Cavalier took place after cholera had been between three weeks and a month in the garrison, a fact which cannot be ignored, although it still further complicates this and all similar inquiries, inasmuch as the evidence derived from all epidemics shows conclusively, that when an epidemic is present among a population, fatal cases continually take place in the absence of communication with affected persons. This outbreak in the Cavalier was obviously a portion of the epidemic. I shall next give a case or two of alleged propagation of the disease by clothing. One instance of this nature has been already mentioned. A death took place in Strada Mezzodi in Valletta on July 14th. Two washerwomen living at Misida, in a very unwholesome locality, washed the linen of the patient ; it is stated that they frequented a house in the neighbourhood of their own house, and that an inmate of the house they went to took cholera and died, and finally that the two women died. The case is adduced as showing that cholera was carried to Misida in foul linen, and that women H 3 62 QUARANTINE RESTRICTIONS IN REFERENCE TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH. apparently in health at the time gave the disease to another person. The following is the chronology of the events :—: — Patient, in Strada Mezzodi attacked - - July 14th, died July 14th. Washerwomen attacked - „ 16th, „ 16th. „ 16th, „ 16th. Their neighbour to whom they are considered to have communicated the disease was attacked - These dates alone afford very strong reason for doubting the presumed causation, and the statistics show that while these cases were the first in this village, they were followed by other cases and deaths in other parts of the village on the 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 2 1st, 23rd, and onwards for many weeks. Misida, as will be seen on the maps, lies at the upper end of Misida Creek, close to a shallow stagnant fish-pond, in which fresh water from a sluggish stream close to the houses affected and salt water from the harbour are intermingled. The houses where the cholera cases took place are very bad, and the whole place requires thorough sanitary improvement. With these facts before us, and in absence of any knowledge as to the previous state of health of the women or their neighbour (who may for anything we know have been already suffering from diarrhoea before they got the clothes), should we be justified in ignoring the sanitary condition of the place, the fact that the disease was epidemic in the island, that these three cases were the 50th, 51st, and 52nd in the order of attacks among the civil and military population, and in assuming the fact of sequence as a sufficient proof of causation ? A somewhat similar class of cases is reported to have taken place in the Fortini at Fort Ricasoli, a set of married soldiers' quarters notoriously subject to epidemic diseases. In an interesting report prepared by Dr. Boileau, he shows there were two outbreaks of cholera in the quarters in 1865, and an endemic outbreak of fever in 1866. During the first cholera attack 14 men, women, and children died in the fort, and it is not alleged that there was any communication of the disease at that time. Two and a half months afterwards, when the epidemic was declining, but when Fort Ricasoli " became more crowded in consequence of companies from Pembroke Camp " arriving," there was another outbreak. The first case was a fatal indigenous one of diarrhoea in a child. A woman who lived at the opposite end of the Fort, but who happened to talk to the child's mother outside the door, in the open air, while the child's body was in the room, was attacked within 24 hours and died. In another quarter there appear to have been three families. One of the women nursed the woman who died, and is supposed to have got some of her clothes, which she took home. Another woman, whom Dr. Boileau describes as having been " one of the " dirtiest women in the regiment, quite regardless of all but enforced cleanliness and very " much addicted to drinking," is also supposed to have got some of the deceased woman's clothes. The third woman is supposed to have had some clothes belonging to a woman who died during the first outbreak of cholera. Of the three women who are reported to have received clothes, one, the dirty drunken woman, died, and. her child died of diarrhoea. The other two had no disease, but the child of one of them and the husband of the other died. Nothing certain is known about these clothes, or what state they were in. There is no direct evidence, only presumption. On the other hand we have positive evidence that there was cholera at the same time in the barracks, that the quarters are unhealthy, that their inmates are at all times liable to epidemic diseases, that they were crowded at the time cholera broke out, that the cases presumed to have arisen from intercourse took place in the same rooms where cholera cases occurred during the first outbreak ; and that the disease was arrested as soon as the families were camped out. The only other cases requiring examination are those of the alleged importation of cholera into Xeuchia in Gozo, and from Xeuchia to liabato. I have already given Dr. Ghio's account, of the facts, and I shall now state certain other facts, most of which he and I obtained in the house where the first case of cholera occurred. But before doing so it may be well to call attention to the state of health of the island before cholera appeared. We have already seen that a change had come over the public health in Malta during the first six months of 1865, and a reference to Table XII. will prove that a similar change had passed over Gozo. During the three years 1859, 60, 61, there had been 172 deaths from gastro-enteritis, a number which, if divided by six, gives 28 as the approximate mortality for half a 33 r ear. During the half year preceding the cholera in Gozo the mortality from gastro-enteritis was 27 ; but two other fatal intestinal affections, diarrhoea and dysentery, made their appearance for the first time in this half year. There were 13 deaths from the former, and four deaths from the latter disease, raising the half year's mortality from these affections to 44. 63 QUARANTINE RESTRICTIONS IN REFERENCE TO THH PUBLIC HEALTH. It may enable us further to estimate more correctly the facts as regards Gozo, if we bear in mind, as already stated on Mr. Inglott's authority, that premonitory symptoms commenced to prevail in the Ospizio at Gozo about the middle of July, before the alleged date of importation, and that cases of cholera had appeared in Algeria, from 500 to 600 miles west from Malta, before the disease prevailed in Gozo, and that these cases were entirely of local origin.* The man Cilia who is supposed to have carried the disease from Malta arrived in Gozo on July 21st. ill of diarrhoea and was seized the same evening with symptoms of cholera from which he recovered. But Cilia was not the only person who had arrived from Malta since the outbreak of cholera there. There was no restriction on intercourse between the islands, and numerous boats and persons departed from Gozo, and arrived from Malta. f Nothing was known of their state of health and probably nothing would have been remembered of Cilia's case had it not been from certain events which followed it in the village. Plan XII. contains a sketch of Cilia's house. On the upper floor are two rooms, one entered from the top of an outside stair, the other is a small inner room. When the young man became worse he was laid on the floor of the outer room and the house was crowded with neighbours who came to assist. It was stated that as manjr as 14 or 15 persons were engaged in rubbing the patient, which they did so effectually that he suffered for some time afterwards from the operation. It was stated that not one of the persons engaged in rubbing the patient suffered subsequently. There were in the house at this time several members of Cilia's family besides two or three neighbours from adjacent houses, and we shall now see what took place among these persons. The information was partly given by themselves, partly by the officer of police in charge at the time. It will be seen from the map that Xeuchia is a long stragglingvillage with houses chiefly along the roads, and that the distances are considerable. Counting Michael Cilia's case, on July 21st, as the first case, there were four cases on the 24th. One of these, was a woman named Maria Buttigieg, living at a considerable distance from Cilia's house in another branch of the village. She had had no communication with the Cilias. She was sent to the Ospizio at Rabbato. The same day two of Cilia's sisters were taken ill, and were nursed in the small inner room of the house. One died, the other recovered. The other case was in a woman named Cattarina Attard. This woman had been in Cilia's house. She was attacked, and died at home. Next day, July 25, a woman named Maria Cassar, whose house was exactly opposite Cilia's, and who had been in Cilia's house was taken ill and died. * The facts (Appendix XVII.) regarding the earlier cases of cholera in Algeria in 1860 have been kindly communicated to me by Mr. Churchill, Her Majesty's Consul-General there, in a report presented by M. Perier, principal medical officer to His Excellency the Due de Magenta, the iiovernor. M. Ferier had done what must always be done under similar circumstances, if we are to arrive at a correct knowledge of epidemic diseases, he had taken steps to keep himself informed of the very first appearance of the disease, and he received the following information on the subject. It is of importance to compare the dates with those of the earliest cases in Gozo :—: — 1. A Kabyle prisoner coming from Fort Napoleon in the Kabyle country to Dellys, on the sea coast, was seized with symptoms of cholera. He was received into hospital at Dellys, on July 10th, and died on the 11th. 2. A mother and four children arrived by sea from Bona, where there was no cholera, at Dellys, and on the same date, the 10th, one of the children was admitted into hospital with cholera. She recovered. There was no disease at Dellys except a few customary cases of diarrhceal and dysenteric affections. Cholera did not spread in the town. 3. On July 12th a European servant employed by the Kaid of Djelali, in the interior of the country, about 35 miles south of Medea, and 100 miles from Dellys, was brought to the hospital at Medea with cholera, and recovered. 4. A European workman living at L'Arba, who had recovered from fever at Medea, went to Algiers, where there was no cholera, and passed the day of July 23rd. He arrived at Medea, 60 miles S.W. of Algiers on his way home at 5 o'clock p.m. of the 24th. He entered the hospital with cholera at 8 pan., and died at 2 p.m. of the 25th. M. Perier considers the first of these Medea cases as "une fievra pernicieut-e " algide choleriforme." Similar cases occurred at subsequent dates over a large area of the country for some time before the disease became epidemic. "f A memorandum prepared by the inspector of police at Gozo gives the following approximate number of boats and passengers leaving Gozo for Valletta and Marfa during three months preceding the date of Cilia's return to Go~2o. The numbers indicate a corresponding number of arrivals in Gozo. Number of Number of Boats. Passengers. ! From Ist to 31st May, 1865 - 217 775 „ Ist to 80th June, „ - 210 750 „ Ist to 21st July, „ - 147 525 H 4 64 QUARANTINE RESTRICTIONS IN REFE HENCE TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH. On the same day, Orsola Farrugia was attacked in a house not far from Cilia's ; but without any communication. She was sent to the hospital at Rabbato, and recovered. On July 26, Cattarina Salibn, living at a considerable distance from any other case, and without any communication, was attacked with cholera. Next day, the 27th, Salvatore Xuereb was attacked, also at a considerable distance from any other cases, and without communication. He died in hospital. On the 28th, Giovanna Mizzi was attacked and died in her house at a considerable distance from any other case and without communication. On the same day an aunt of Cilia's, Maria Mercieca, who lived near Cilia's house and came to it, was attacked and died. On the 29th, Carlo Attard, brother-in-law to Cattarina Attard, living behind Merciera's house, was attacked and sent to hospital. On the 30th, Giovanna Xuereb, living at a considerable distance from any other cases and without communication, was attacked and died. This woman's sister, living in the same house, was attacked next day, the 31st. And on the same day, the 31st July, a woman, Maria Spitere, was attacked at a considerable distance from other cases aud died in hospital ; and a man, Antonio Rugeja, was attacked far aAvay from the others and without any communication. This case recovered. The next case was at Rabato. These 16 earlier cases in Gozo I believe give a faithful account of the facts, and whatever importance may be attached to personal communication or proximity as media of the spread of cholera, the fact cannot be doubted that out of four simultaneous cases which constituted the first outbreak of the disease, one took place a long way from the house supposed to have been the focus and without any communication, and that one-half of the 16 cases had no communication with Cilia's case, or with any other. Several of the cholera cases which occurred at Xeuchia were taken to the Ospizio at Rabato, about a mile distant, for treatment, and because cholera subsequently appeared ut Rabato it has been averred that the disease was really imported from Xeuchia. After examining the facts regarding the disease at Xeuchia we went to Rabato and visited the houses where the five earlier cases of cholera took place. The first case was in a boy whom we saw. Before his attack he had been sleeping on the roof of a house about a quarter of a mile from the Ospizio where there were three or four cholera cases under treatment. No part of the Ospizio could be seen from any part of the house. The boy was taken ill at 2 a.m. on August 3rd, and had no communication with any place where cholera was. The second and third cases took place in a husband and wife who lived mid-way between the house of the last case and the Ospizio. But the husband was taken ill on board his boat at Marsalfom bay, lฃ miles from Rabato, at half-past 7 p.m. on August 4th. He died. The following morning, August sth, the wife was taken ill, and recovered. On August 4th, another case took place in a small detached cottage at about 600 yards from the Ospizio, and a long way from the preceding cases. This case had no communication with any other. The next case took place in a woman living quite at the outskirts of the town without any communication with any other cases. It appeared to us that the examination into these cases was sufficient to disprove the assertion that cholera had been imported into Rabato, and we did not consider it necessary to carry the inquiry further. Mr. Inglott's Report, already referred to, shows besides that fatal diarrhoea cases had begun to appear in the Ospizio two days before the outbreak of cholera at Xeuchia. All the houses we visited where these cases had taken place were in a wretched sanitary condition. The people at Xeuchia live over dunghills. None of the supposed importation cases either prove or disprove the communicability of cholera by personal intercourse, but unquestionably, in so far as they enter into the history of the epidemic, they do not support the presumption that the epidemic was due to personal communication. In estimating the value of such facts we must bear in mind that during the course of the epidemic there were multitudes of instances of persons going from affected to unaffected districts without even a suspicion having been raised of their having carried cholera about with them. Intercourse throughout the islands went on as usual-, and without apparent injury to the public health. The few exceptional instances in which endeavours were made to trace the spread of the disease to communication have resulted in obtaining such evidence as I have just given. Nor must we forget well attested cases where every popularly required condition for spreading the disease existed without any such event following. The table already given of the attacks in villages in Malta shows that a solitary case of cholera occurred in the village of Dingli. This village is extremely filthy. The redeeming points about it are that it has only a small population and stands on an 65 QUARANTINE RESTRICTIONS IN REFERENCE TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH. elevated site. The people appear never to have taken any steps towards improving their sanitary state. The fatal cholera case in the table was an imported one. There were favouring conditions and personal communication, but something else was wanting, for nobody in the village took the disease. The very first case among the civil population of Malta was, as we have seen, that of a man who went from the plague hospital, where cholera existed, to Attard where he took cholera and died. In this instance there could be no doubt of intercourse under favouring conditions, but no evil result followed. Other cases of marked immunity from cholera after intercourse with affected persons have already been mentioned in connexion with the public institutions, in which the reasons for exemption were more apparent than in the Attard and Dingli cases. The striking evidence afforded by statistics already referred to, showing the distribution of cholera mortality throughout the islands, points to some law of propagation of cholera quite apart from communication, mediate or immediate. We have seen that 82 per cent, of all houses where there were deaths from cholera yielded only a single death per house, that 60 per cent, of the deaths took place in lower floors of houses, and that in Valletta the law of distribution of cholera in 1865 was the same as the law of distribution of plague in 1813. We have seen besides how marked has. been the statistical relation of deaths from cholera to the condition of dwellings, and the striking immunity from disease which was apparent wherever there was cleanliness and a free moving atmosphere of pure air in and about dwellings. During this inquiry an objection by no means new was raised against the fact of bad sanitary condition being a predisposing cause of cholera, viz., that the disease had frequently passed over houses in a bad sanitary state without touching their inmates. This is no doubt true, but the important practical point which has been established anew at Malta during the epidemic of 1865 is, that while cholera attacked people living under obviously unhealthy conditions, it did not attack dwellings where the same unhealthy conditions were absent. When these facts, which are facts and not opinions, are compared with the evidence adduced in favour of a hypothetical agent passing mediately or immediately from affected to unaffected persons and districts, and leaving death in passing, we can surely have no difficulty in selecting a basis on which to erect a superstructure of improved public health. We have besides experience to guide us. We know by what measures the epidemic susceptibility of a population can be reduced or removed, and we know also that interruption of human intercourse to an extent required by any germ hypothesis (and nothing short of absolute interruption can on this hypothesis fulfil the requirements of reason), is simply an impossibility. • There are abundant instances of cholera having been mitigated or arrested by no very difficult or costly methods, but among these methods the obstruction of human intercourse has certainly not been one. Interruption of intercourse has been long in use, and nevertheless cholera and other epidemic diseases have followed their appointed march. Quarantine did not arrest the progress of cholera over Europe in 1865. And when we examine what has been the result of the various quarantines enforced since cholera declined in Malta, the question may fairly be asked whether the loss to commerce has not vastly exceeded any hypothetical gain to health. In Appendix XXVII. are given three sets of quarantine returns, showing the vessels placed in quarantine after cholera declined at Malta. A number of ships did not ride out their quarantine, but still quarantine was an obstruction to commerce, with results such as the following : — We learn from the tables that between the Ist of August 1865 and the 31st December 1866 no fewer than 1,008 vessels entered Malta in quarantine. The aggregate tonnage of these vessels was 502,507 tons ; their crews amounted to 28,622 men, and they had 1,663 passengers on board. If all the vessels had rode out their quarantine, no less than 1,944,504 tons of shipping would have been detained for a day, and 101,632 men, with 16,734 passengers, would also have been detained for a day. As the whole of this immense obstruction to commerce took place in ships arriving from affected ports, we should naturally expect that a considerable number of cholera cases would have been found on board or in quarantine, and yet what is the fact ? Two vessels, each with a case of cholera on board, were refused admittance, so that the only vessels which might apparently have justified quarantine were not placed in quarantine, but were sent away. Among the other ships passengers and crews there was not a single case of cholera, and there were only eight cases of diarrhoea, all of which, with one exception, took place while cholera was in Malta. 19034. I 66 COST OF QUARANTINE RESTRICTIONS. Such was the result to the public health obtained by obstructing the commerce of the islands to so great an extent. The mere pecuniary loss resulting from the practical working of this method of dealing with cholera, while these quarantines were in force, would in all probability have been more than sufficient to have placed every house in the cities in a proper sanitary condition. The facts of the epidemic of 1865 are, in my opinion, quite sufficient to show that to trust to restrictions on intercourse for keeping pestilence out of Malta, in its present most unhealthy condition, is a costly and fatal mistake ; and that the public health must be protected by removing local causes of disease, everywhere visible enough at present. But unfortunately popular opinion in other countries often renders quarantine compulsory at Malta. At the present time the Mediterranean sea ports, with few exceptions, are in so bad a sanitary state as to be in constant danger of epidemic outbreaks, and, instead of adopting vigorous measures of improvement, the past practice has been to put each other in quarantine when any danger appeared in the distance. Any recusant port would be sure to have its commerce arrested, and hence the authorities in Malta, whatever their convictions may be, are obliged to comply with the requirements of other countries in this respect. There is no remedy for this except the spread of more enlightened views regarding the true nature of epidemics, and unless Governments recognize and act on the principle that the only real safeguard against pestilence is to root out its local causes.* JOHN SUTHERLAND. War Office, July Ist, 1867- * The town of Gibraltar, which is now undergoing efficient sanitary improvement, has been even more unfortunately situated than Malta in respect to enforced quarantines, put on for the purpose of keeping the garrison communications open with their less enlightened neighbours. The fixed population of Gibraltar is about 15,500, almost entirely dependent on commerce for its support. Quarantine against cholera was declared in June 1865, and information received from the Government shows that up to the end of September 1866 no fewer than 634 vessels, amounting to 323,409 tons, were placed in quarantine. Of these vessels 244 were quarantined at the instance of Spain. 240 vessels, with a tonnage of 45,278 tons, rode out their quarantine, and 395 vessels with 278,131 tons sailed in quarantine. The loss arising from these proceedings must have been very great for so small a community. So far a3 concerns public health, the practical result was that not a single case of cholera appeared on board these vessels, and yet that Gibraltar was visited by one of the most severe cholera epidemics on record. 67 POSTSCRIPT. Since this report was in type, I have received two documents of great interest in their bearing on the question of whether the protection of a community from cholera should rest on restrictions on commerce, or on measures of hygiene. The first is an account by Dr. Ghio, chief police physician, of a re-appearance of cholera in Malta, in spite of quarantine against countries where the disease existed. The second is an extract from a communication from R. S. Ellis, Esq., president of the Madras Sanitary Commission, relating to measures which have been successfully used to arrest the development of cholera in India. I have alluded to this experience in a previous part of the report. On July 17, 1867, Dr. Ghio writes from Malta as follows: — " You are aware that quarantine has, here, been established for arrivals from places " infected with cholera, There are, consequently, at present in the Lazzaretto 268 " passengers, of whom the greater part came from the Regency of Tunis. One of the " lots, consisting of three families, numbering 30 persons, came in four days from Susa, 11 on the 16th June last. They have been lodged in four large rooms on the left side 11 of the 9th division, at the western end of the Lazzaretto. On the sth instant (19 days " after arrival), one of those passengers, a woman, aged 26 years, was at half-past 11 a.m. " seized with cholera, and died of it on the 6th, at three-quarters past 4 a.m., on which " day (the 6th), at 2 o'clock p.m.. another case followed in another woman, aged 42 " years, belonging to the same lot, but who was lodged in the fore-room of the division, " and contiguous to the room where the first case took place ; she died on the 7th at " three-quarters past 8 a.m. " Those passengers informed me that the deaths from cholera at Susa, when they left, " were about ten daily ; the disease was in quarters a little distant from their houses ; " the corpses were carried to the cemetery by the street, and before the houses where " they (the passengers) lived. They said also that none of their families had the disease, " nor any of them had frequented infected houses. " It is, further, important to be noticed that all the soiled clothes and linen of those " passengers were, from the very day in which they landed at the Lazzaretto, put several 11 times into water, and afterwards ventilated, and that till the day previous to the first " attack, all clothes, bedding, &c., were twice regularly fumigated with chlorine in close 11 rooms, under the supervision of three good health guardians, one of whom, an old and " experienced man, is extremely strict to his duties. The passengers in question did " not, nor could they, communicate with other passengers in quarantine. " On the 7th inst. a man aged 33 years, the master of the Italian Trabaccolo ' Giaco" mina,' was attacked with cholera on board his vessel at 12, m., and died at the Lazzaretto " on the Bth, at half-past 7 o'clock p.m. The vessel, laden with barley, had arrived from " Trani on the 24th June last, after nine days' passage, and had already performed 13 " days' quarantine, and was anchored on the side of the Lazzaretto, in front of the old " plague hospital. They say that the sister of that man died of cholera at Trani a few " days before he left. " On the 10th, another case of cholera took place in a boy, six years old, who, with " other 28 persons had come also from Susa on the 22nd June (18 days before the " attack), and he and the others were lodged in the Ist and 2nd subdivisions of the " old plague hospital, a low building lying a little above the level of the sea, at the " western end of the Lazzaretto, and below the light side of the 9th division. These 11 passengers were also, since their landing, subjected to the same sanitary measures as " the other passengers. The boy is getting better. " While these cases of cholera were taking place at the Lazzaretto, other cases of " cholera occurred in other country places of this island. The first case reported took " place at Casal Gargur on the sth inst., in a man aged 45 years, who with two other " persons were sent from Valletta to the Lazzaretto to take care of cattle, in quarantine, 11 arrived from Tunis on the 13th. June. The man was admitted to pratique on the 4th " instant, and early in the morning conducted the cattle by land to Corradino, where on " arriving, he drank a great quantity of fresh water, and ate some fish. He confessed 11 that on leaving the Lazzaretto he suffered from a slight diarrhoea, " On the 9th inst. another case of cholera occurred at Casal Curmi in a woman aged " 30 years. "On the 11th a woman, aged 36 years, was seized with aggravated symptoms of 11 cholera at Casal Gargur. She had, the day previous, lost a child in consequence of 11 suspicious symptoms of cholera. 19034. X 68 POSTSCRIPT. "On the 12th, finally, at 2 o'clock, a. m. Mr. G. M., aged 75 years, was suddenly " seized with aggravated symptoms of cholera at Casal Zebbug. " All these persons are in the way of recovery, and no fresh cases have since taken " place either at the Lazzaretto or in the island." Mr. Ellis' communication, of which the following is an extract, is dated Madras, June 5, 1867: " The place where the experiment was first tried was at a great Hindu shrine called " Conjeveram, about 40 miles from Madras, and now accessible by railway. Here in " the month of May vast numbers of pilgrims from all parts of India assemble, and prior " to 1864, the assemblage of the pilgrims was always attended by an outbreak of cholera, " which they carried into Madras and along their various lines of march. In 1864, I got " attention directed to the necessity of sanitary precautions. The measures I advised " were simple enough. A regiment of scavengers was enlisted during the time of the 11 feast. The streets were thoroughly watered and cleansed twice a day. " The wells used for drinking purposes were carefully guarded, and the greatest care " was taken to prevent any contamination of the water. " All carts and animals brought by the pilgrims were picketted in proper places " assigned to them, and were not allowed to remain in the streets. Public latrines in " sufficient numbers, and made of bamboos and leaves, were erected, and nuisances in " the streets and highways were entirely prevented. These latrines were constantly " cleaned, and all sweepings and dirt of the town were buried in pits to leeward of the " town and covered with earth. These precautions were observed during the whole " period of the festival, from 10 to 15 days. The result was most successful. The " festival of 1864 passed without any outbreak of cholera. The same arrangements " have been made during the last three years, and with entire success. This has been " done without grumbling, through the influence of the local officers. The residents *' who profit by the pilgrimage, and the managers of the temples, have borne a large " share of the "expense. What has been done so successfully at Conjeveram in the " Madras district has also been done with almost equal success for the great Humphy " festival in the Bellary district. All that is necessary is to make .these, sanitary " precautions obligatory by law," On considering these facts it appears that this new outbreak of cholera in Malta, occurring almost simultaneously in the Lazzaretto and villages, was a portion of an extensive epidemic, covering a large area. Susa is 220 miles west of Malta. Trani is 380 miles north-east of Malta. We know from other sources that cholera was severe and fatal in Sicily at the same time ; and persons coming from Susa and Trani were attacked at Malta above three weeks after leaving these ports. Dr. Ghio shows that on July sth there were two attacks, one in a Maltese cattle driver, the other in a woman from Susa, Next day, the 6th, another woman from Susa was attacked. On the 7th the man from Trani was seized. On the 9th there was a case at Casal Curmi, two miles from the Lazzaretto. On the 10th a boy from Susa was attacked in the Lazzaretto. On the 11th there was a case at Gargur, three miles away, and next day, the 12th, a case occurred at Zebbug, four miles distant from the quarantine establishment. I have already described the sanitary condition of the villages and Lazzaretto, and I have shown from the experience of 1865 that they are very likely places for cholera to become developed during epidemic seasons. In the present instance it is certain that 4 neither quarantine nor disinfection kept cholera out of the villages. The Indian experience, on the contrary, proves that the immemorial annual outbreak and spread of cholera from Conjeveram has been put a stop to by measures of hygiene alone, without interfering with human intercourse. 69 APPENDIX. Table I.— Death Rate of Malta and Gozo. Ratio per Cent, per Annum. Year. Malta. Gozo. 1864 - - - 2-7 2-3 1865 4-7 4-6 1866 - - - 2-5 2-3 The above per-centage is reckoned on population as per census of 1861 : — * Malta - .-- 118,596. Gozo - - - 15,459. Yearly increase of population :—: — Malta - - - about 1,000. Gozo „ 80. Decrease in 1865 in consequence of cholera :—: — Malta ... - 1,366. Gozo - - - 68. (Signed) H. Zimelli, 23rd April 1867. Superintendent of Police. Table 11., showing the Admissions and Deaths among Troops and among Soldiers' Wives and Childrew in Malta and Gozo from Diarrhcea and Cholera. TMen - - 6,105. Average Strength during 1865 < Women - - 526. [Children - 838. From Ist April to 30th November 1865. From Ist Jan. to 31st Dec. 1865. From Ist January to 31st December W65. Men. Women. Children. Diarrhoea. Cholera. Diarrhoea. Cholera. Diarrhoea. Cholera. _ . . . _____—ซ_ Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases, i Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. 653 5 126 90 83 — 48 34 206 57 25 18 i I i ; I Table showing the Total Admissions and Deaths from Diarrhcea and Choleba among Men of each Corps in Malta and Gozo between April Ist and November 30th, 1865. Total Diarrhcea. Total Cholera. Name of Corps. Average Strength. i ฆ Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. 3/ Royal Artillery - 791 83 — 17 11 Royal Engineers - - 181 13 1 — — 2/4 - ... 742 84 2 21 16 2/8 - - - - 771 51 6 5 1/22 713 35 — 13 8 29 706 116 — 18 16 84 - - - - 724 100 _ 20 12 100 - - - - 719 95 — 22 18 R. M. F. A. - -I - 582 71 2 9 4 A. H. Corps -i-40 1 — — — 2/22* - ' - -j - 758 4 — — — — , j Total - — 653 5 126 90 * Embarked for the Mauritius on the 6th July 1865. ; A. H. Anderson, M.D., I.G.H. X 2 70 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table 111. — Daily Cases and Deaths from Cholera among ihe various Classes of Population in Malta and Gozo during the Epidemic of 1865. 1"|~ " " j Cases. Deaths. Total. Date. fifiSSL | Malta - j GOZO ' | *ฃ*ฃฃฃ. | Malta. Go ZO . Cases. | Deaths. June 20 1 — — — — 1 — " 30 - _ _ 1 - - - 1 July 1 5 __— ___5 — „ 2 - - 1 - - 1 3 I 1 - — I—2l A __ __ __ __ ___ /r m __ ___ • " 6 4 — — " 2 — — 4 2 " 8— ~2 Z 2 1—23 9 2 — — i_2l ?10— 2—2 1—23 11 1 1 — — I—2l 12 — 2—l 1—22 „ 13 3 3—l i_62 14 1 4—l 2 5.3 j c i __ _ " 16 1 10—1 8 — 11 9 „ 17 2 12 — 2 10 14 12 „ 18 1 7 — — 4—84 „ 19 1 2—l 3 34 ?20 2 22 — 1 9 — 24 10 „ 21 — 15 1 — 12 — 16 12 22 6 17_3 12 23 15 23 5 15—4 13 20 17 „ 24 5 20 4 4 8 1 29 13 „ 25 4 22 2 5 16 — 28 21 „ 26 7 27 1 2 17 2 35 21 „ 27 5 33 1 1 15 — 39 16 28 4 33 2 3 13 1 39 17 „ 29 2 27 1 6 19 — 30 25 „ . 80 6 27 1 3 20 2 34 25 t „ 31 — 30 3 6 18 2 33 26 August l 3 31 — 2 16 34 18 ?2 2 32 3 1 23 1 37 25 ?3 1 25 2 2 24 1 28 27 ?4 2 47 6 — 24 1 55 25 ?5 2 54 7 3 35 3 63 41 ?6 3 46 3 2 29 1 52 32 ?7 4 66 5 3 31 1 75 35 ?8 2 48 10 1 24 3 60 28 ?9 3 73 7 4 32 10 83 46 „ 10 1 42 10 28 2 53 30 „ 11 — 45 9 1 25 6 54 32 12 6 61 4 2 30 7 71 39 13 8 48 10 4 33 4 66 41 „ 14 3 52 7 3 35 4 62 42 „ 15 3 60 11 — 32 2 74 34 ?16 2 50 11 5 29 9 63 43 „ 17 5 44 10 2 35 1 59 38 „ 18 1 41 3 1 25 3 45 29 „ 19 3 49 3 2 21 3 55 26 „ 20 4 35 14 6 19 8 53 33 „ 21 1 36 10 21 2 47 23 22 1 32 13 1 25 6 46 32 „ 23 — 38 10 — 26 7 48 33 24 1 47 6 1 27 6 54 34 „ 25 2 36 15 1 19 5 53 25 ฆ 26 1 48 5 1 20 6 54 27 „ 27 3 29 10 1 20 3 42 24 „ 28 2 38 12 1 26 5 42 32 „ 29 2 41 9 1 29 6 52 36 „ 30 — 42 12 2 21 5 54 28 „ 31 2 48 8 2 26 1 58 29 Table 111. — Daily Cases and Deaths from Cholera — continued. Cases. Deaths.. Total. Date. ! . ! feflS&i MaUa - G0Z ฐ- theSLS, Malta - O™ | Co- Deaths. September 15 18 7 2 16 3 30 21 ?2 1 29 10 3 17 6 40 26 ' 8 2 29 7 1 16 6 38 23 4 2 20 8 1 17 3 30 21 5 — 16 6 1 14 3 22 18 ?6 1 14 4 — 8 2 19 10 ?7 4 15 7 2 4 2 26 8 ,; 8 — 21 5 — 12 2 26 14 ?9 1 17 5 — 15 3 23 18 „ 10 3 13 8 2 12 2 24 16 11 1 18 4 1 6 2 23 9 12 1 22 4 1 13 1 27 15 13 — 15 7 — 17 4 22 21 14 — 26 6 — 11 2 32 13 15 1 22 7 — 16 2 30 18 16 1 33 6 2 14 4 40 20 17 _ 25 7 — 19 1 32 20 18 — 35 6 — 18 6 41 24 19 — H 8 — 21 3 22 24 20 5 21 7 — 21 5 33 26 ?21 3 19 9 2 8 — 31 10 „ 22 3 27 10 1 11 4 40 16 „ 23 — 11 10 — 14 4 21 18 24 1 11 6 1 • 18 4 18 23 ?25 3 7 8 — 6 2 18 8 26 1 7 9 2 6 4 17 12 27 1 3 11 1 5 2 15 8 28 — 7 1 5 8 5 29 — 12 4 1 3 5 16 9 30 9 7 1 6 1 16 8 October 11 7 3 — 8 1 11 9 2 — 7 8 — 8 3 15 11 3— _4_ 474 11 ?4— 7 3— 6 > — 10 6 , 5 " ' — 4 — — 5146 6 — 6 6 4 1 12 5 ?7— 18— 2496 ?8— 53— 1182 9 1 3 2 1 2—63 10 — 6 10 — 2 3 16 5 11 — 8 2 — 4 1 10 S ?12— 3 3— 3 265 ?13— 35— 3184 ?14— 15— — — 6 — 15 — 4 4 — — 1 8 1 16 6 4 — 1 6 10 7 ?17— 62— 6—86 ?18 . — 22— 3—4 3 ?.19— 3 2— 4 155 20 1 5 1 — 6 17 7 21 1 4 — — 1 5 1 22 — — 1 — 5—15 23 1 1 — 1 1—22 ?24 1 _2— — _ 3 — ?25 1 3 — — 2—42 ?26 I 1 - — 2—22 ?27 1 - — . 1 — - 1 1 28— 2—2 2—24 ?29 2 2 — — I—4l ?30 I—2l 13 ? 31 — 2 — — 2 2 2 November 1 1 — — 1 — — 11 2 - 1 - - - 1 - ?3 1 1 — I—2l 5 - 1 - - - 1 - 6 — ~ Z Z Z Z Z Z jj XI ฆ ฆ * lll— "" ฆฆ A 1 I*s Jt ~— • ' 'ฆ ' ' -' 'ฆ ฆฆ X O tm^^ "* ij -' X ฆ X X 3 71 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table IV.--Specifying the Sex and Age of the Persons among the Civil Populations of Malta and Gozo who died of Choleba during the Epidemic of 1865. (Prepared by Dr. Ghio). MOSTH3. TEAES. Under 2 to 3 to 4 to 6 to 7 to 8 to 9 to 10 to 11 to 1 to 2 to I 3 to 4to sto 10 to 15 to 20 to ! 25 to 30 to 35 to 40 to 45 to 50 to I 55 to 60 to 65 to 70 to 75 to 80 to 85 to 90 to 95 to Total * 1- J^_ ซ• 5- "' _8. 9^ 10- 11- 12. 2. 3. ! 4. 5. 10. 15. 20. 25. | 30. 35. 40. 45. 50. 55. j 60. 65. 70. 75. 80. 85. 90. 95. 100. Malta M. P. M.[p.M.|p.M.lf.M.|p.M.[f.;M.JF. M.|f. M.| P. , X.| P. M.) F. M.|r.j M .jp. M .jp. M.jp. M.|f. M.| P. i M.j P. I M.j P. 3ฃ.|p. M.i P. M.| P. M. P. M.| P. j M.| P. M.| F. j M.| F. M.| P. M.j P. M.j P. M.| F. M.| P. M.| F. M. | P. Valletta - - 1.1 9 8 H 6 U!3 9 9 9 9 6 J 31010J5 6 10 6 9 6 10 6 8 U 1 2 S^lo 1 6 2 6 6 nil . 1.1 133 149 282 Flonana - - 1.1111.;..i31121.!321.43222.4,.3.j'l 2.1311 17 31 48 Central Hospital - . I I I I 1 .1 112' 527 Senglea ! 1243. . .1312221. 1232. .1216. 4*. 414112321-' 2 '. ' ' '. '. ! 23 41 64 Cospicua - -.1 1 1-4.347331864441152922 2 55423124211.23135.1 . .. 60 62 122 Corradino - -.j 1 1 .... 1 ........ .. i 21 3 Vittoriosa --'. 1 . .1.11 32- 15632 8852. 3. 54312 43. 615i4!522!222!2!2'i' !'. ' 40 67 107 Calcara --... 1 1 .1 !..l .. 1 ' 41 5 Notabile and Rabato . . . . .j. 1 i 1 1 22j. 213 . . 34524213134311661,13 18 ! '. 3423 ". ,3 '. '. '. i ! '. 38 52 90 Saura B Hospital -...| • • • • • . • ;;;;;• ' 'A' •"•U•j • ฆ ฆ • * ' i 1111.2.1112233 1 1 4 1 2 1 . . . 10 17 27 Zebbug - ' ! ! X ; . i '. j ! ; i I i ili a i • '. '. \ 3 2 h '. 3 i i i 4 3 i 2 ". ! 8 22 1 4 i 3 1 2 i i '. '. '. i '. '. '. ! 23 46 63 Swgieui - 1. .!.....121.1,1i1......12113:.3..31.1i.iii4.113..12...1..18 22 40 Birehireava - "•• ! I • • -.13;.. .3.1741152. . 723. 32525361 3 3 5 S . S 5 7 8 1 . . . S . . 36 9 98 Lia : - - i I • • | • - - i ! . . | - - i • - - • . i . • i . - . . i . . i . i ; . I . . . . i . . 2 5 3 8 4^ ard " " • • • ' v; • • * ! !•••••• i . . i 1 • • • . 1 ! 1 • j • • . 1 . 2 2 . . . . 1 . i 1 . 1 7 4 11 Balzan - - . < . • \ ...'.. j I ! 1 PieU and Misida . ...1...5. ..1 .. 1 . ...8. .8841111. 18 1.1. lilil i i ' ' 2.i13 ! i ! ! '.'.'.'.'.'. 14 25 39 St. Julians - - j j 1 ... 1 .... 1 . 1 i . 1 .I..!;. I ;. 1 43 7 | li c, 1 ? a "" ' .1.1...1.1..1...111 11...2.1...1.--.1..... 77 14 S. Giuseppe, Samra, .j SI.. 411414. 8. ปI. 8. . I l 121426 Sta.Venera, \larsa. * ' Naxaro - - < ......;.. t .|..l| 1 1 1811 S. 411....1.-1 712 19 Musta - . I . I ..1-...11.. ฆ•• | 1-.11.....21..11.111 7 7 14 Melleha - -.1.1.1 j .....] 11 ' * .. 11 2 Cunni - -. . 1 . •11126|32.3|3.142361324i!5i!823. 6i3i4!iii23!i! '. '. !35 57 92 ฃ uca . " " -••: • .1. .1. .. .12. .1....15.1. .1..11 10 6 16 Tarxien - 1 . 1... .2. ...1.211 ..1 4 6 10 Paola- - -.. ..!i . . l ' ..1 22 Zurrico - - . . ! . . . | l . . i , . i i . . . i . . . 2 i i i . '. '. 3 i 2 i i 2 i '. 3 '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. U 10 24 oan -.- -.-.! 1......1 2 .. ...13 4 Crendi - -..; :I I 11... . ' 112 Mieabiba - - . . j i 1. 11. ... 11. 1. 1. ..1. IsIIIIIIIIIIiIia.iI. I. .'I 8 11 19 Chircop - : . . | ] | .... I 1 1 1 Zeitun - - . . [ l|. 1257435. 14225113. 22311243. 31. 41341. 2. ...41 43 84 Zabbar - - 12!2.. 122224111!. 112342.. 21. . 2 ' 4 1 1 1 2 . 41.1 24 30 54 Axiack -- 111. ฆ.... 111.. 11... 11113. 1.1i1.21..1... 1.2 8 16 24 Gudia - - 1 2 . 1 | i 1 . . ! 5 .. 5 Respective f each sex j • -Jj_ •_* _J_ -_J_ 9 _j_ 2'>ฆฆ' l 2 ! • 24 ils 23 J26 33 28 22 12 56 156 46 33 33 30 36 J5B 38 54 28 40 33 42 35 62 26 J5l 45 54 J23 146 34 !s0 23 33 25 45 29 42 19 32 4121 7 . 1 642 837 ot s of (. both sexes 1 .. 2 1 3 j 2 2 1 2 39 49 61 34 112 79 63 94 92 68 75 97 77 99 69 84 56 70 71 51 16 8~~ 1 1,479 Gozo. Rabato - -V1..!..1.'.;'. 2 i 1 . . .12.2312. 3. 111241124|31j14. 2644133. 2. 3.1. ...31143 74 Ospizio of Invalids- j 121. 3423122.1. .11 11 22 Civil Hospital - i . 2.11 314 Kercem - - 1 1 . . 1 2 1 1 . . . . ! i . -. . . 1 4 5 9 Santa Lucia - - ! j... .11 11 Xeuchia - - i 1 1151....8.a...i.8...1ti.5tt........5MM Sannat - - 1 22. 2. ..212. 1.1. 1.2 2. .1111. .11 7 18 25 Munxar 1 . . - 1 ... 1 1 . 1 23 5 Nadur I ...1...11..11 1... 3 3 6 Kala 1 1.l 1 1 Marsalforn - -i j 1 1 . . . . .... ..11 2 Caccia - ... 1 1 1 . . . . 2 . 3 . . . 1 2 . . 2 1 ! '. 2 2 1 4 i 2 i '. '. '. 2 '. . '. '. '. 1 ! '. 14 16 30 Zebbug 1..1 1... .22.111.11. .1.221 7 11 18 Gnammar, Ghasn 1...1..11 .1 ..23 5 Garbo 1....1. .1.8.1. .11..5.*11.1....11g1..51.11i.4....ป;. . 17 U SI Respective (^^sex \ . 1 11. 1 • %_J_^j_ j_j_ -1.1 j ._ j 4 1 1 2 6 2^ 33283947463 11 5939553 17 77 16 12 11 56 10 67743312 . .104 149 Totals of (bothsexesj 11 1 3 .... 1 1 .... 5185610 12 11 "~1<) 14 14~ 12 ~10 20 U 28^ 115 1(5 13^ 11 6I 7. 153 72 APPENDIX TO REPORT ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 73 Table V. — Showing the Daily Number of Persons in Quarantine from 14th June to 31st July 1865, and the Cases of Diarrhcea and Cholera which occurred among them whilst in the Lazaretto. (Prepared by Dr. Ghio.) ADMITTED. IN QUARANTINE. DISCHARGED. ATnmVioi. Persons who Persons who Persons who Date. IfSL" From communi- „ ?, Number i communi- j, pa | tll Number From communi- xi-p-iiu of Pas- which Ship catedmth Health fp , cate dwith * eal ™ Total. of Pas- which Ship cated with ฃf*"ฃ 3i landed - & GUardS> senders. I ฐ d ' sen & ers - landed - *ฃ&ฃ? June 14 22 "Memnon" - .. 2") 47 " Cairo " - - . . 4 >• 76 . . 7 83 7 "Nyanza" - - .. l) 15 .. .. .. 76 .. 7 83 16 .. .. .. 76 .. 7 83 17 1 " M. Antonietta " .. 1 77 .. 8 85 18 .. .. .. 77 .. 8 85 19 30 "Assyrien" ... 4 107 .. 12 119 20 147 " Rhone " - - 10 12 254 10 24 288 21 .. .. ? 254 10 24 288 22 44 "Laconia" - - '14 6 222 24 23 269 22 "Memnon" ... 2 ฆ . • ? 47 "Cairo" - - .. 4 7 " Nyauza " - - . . 1 23 65 "Christina" - 10 6 287 34 29 350 24 176 "Italian" -2 9 462 36 37 C 35 1 " M. Antonietta " .. 1 25 2 "Tarifa" . - 1 1 464 37 38 539 26 .. •• .. 464 37 38 539 27 .. ••• .. 289 27 24 340 30 "Assyrien" - .. 4 145 "Rhone" - - 10 10 28 302 "Wyvern" - - 7 12 591 34 36 661 29 20 "Danube" , 1 3 566 21 33 620 44 "Laconia" 14 6 Id " Wyvern " - 30 .. ฆ •ฆ .. 499 11 25 535 65 "Christina" - 10 6 July 1 8 "Ellora" . . 4,2 4T\ 2 "Rhone" ฆ - .. 2 60 "Delta" - - 4 6 o^ !! M 1 rocc ?," " ' ' 'r If 840 64 44 948 176 "Italian" - - 2 9 337 Behera" - - 6 9f ld ซ Wyvern .. .... 37 " lonia " - -, 4 •> 42 "Ceylon" -f ! 2J 2 129 "Cella" -3 •• 7 967 63 50 1,080 2 "Tarifa" - - 1 1 3 13 "Dalmation" ... 2 980 63 52 1,095 .. ... 4 .. .. 4ป .. 979 66 52 1,097 ld "Wyvern" - - la 5 I " ' 1 i 6 ? I •• 1 961 89 52 I>lo21 > 102 20 "Danube" - - 1 3 ] d " Wyvern " - - I 249 "Luxor" •/ * •• 10 1.208 89 62 1,359 ld „ - 1 d " Dalmatian " - 8 .. .. .. 1,112 83 53 1,248 60 "Delta" 4 6 34 " Morocco " - - . . 3 " Grecian " - 2 d . . Id " Asie " - - Id " Wyvern " - - a .. 3 .. 1,033 83 47 1,163 37 "lonia" 2 4 42 "Ceylon" 1 2 10 . . . . . . 1,033 82 47 1,162 . . " Grecian " - - '1 d II 7 "PoS"" - - '.'. '{} 704 76 39 819 337 "Behera" - - 6 9 12 .. .. .. 696 34 35 765 8 "Ellora" - - 42 4 13 . . . . . . 695 34 34 763 id " Luxor-Wy vern " . . Id 14 .. .. .. 695 34 34 763 15 140 "Sahara" .... 8 458 34 25 517 129 "Cella" - - .. "7 248 " Luxor " - - . . 10 16 .. .. .. .. 447 34 23 504 '• 11 "Dalmatian" - 17 .. .. .. 447 34 23 504 .. .. 18 .. .. .. .. 446 24 22 492 .. "Asie" - - 10 'i 1 d " Wyvern " - - 19 .. .. .. 444 24 20 488 1 "Tripoli" - - 1 1 " Wyvern " - - . . 1 20 1 "Arcadia" - - .. 1 406 9 15 430 39 . . (j 5 " Grecian " - - 9 1 21 1 "Prince of Wales" .. 1 397 9 16 422 Id "Wyvern" - 1 " Dalmatian " - 1 "Asie" - - ! 7 " Wyveni " - - 22 5 "Poonah" - .. 262 9 8 279 ; 140 "Sahara" - - 8 23 2 "Ripon" - 1 264 9 9 282 24 93 "Atlantic" - - . 5 345 9 13 367 12 "Poonah" - - 'i 25 lb "Sr": - :. '{} "ซ ป 14 ! 369 26 ' "Agta Sophia-: IJ .]} 346 10 15 371 1 "Grecian" - - 1 27 .. .. .. .. 345 10 14 309 1 "Arcadia" - - 1 28 .. .. .. 344 10 13 367 1 " Prince of Wales " 29 .. .. .. 96 2 7 105 248 "Wyvern" . . 7 6 " Grecian" - - 1 30 2 ปS""- : ซ 1} 96 5 8 109 2 ..Bipon" .. I 31 1 "Euxine" 1 1) Qa - Ift 11t 11t-1 "Ceylon" - ฆ 1 l] 98 7 , 10 115 .. 2,031 138 134 98 7 10 115 1,933 131 124 (a) Hospital servants. (6) Born at Lazaretto. (d) Died. Cases of Diarrhcea and Cholera in the Lazaretto. Name of Ship ฆ,-> . Name of Ship n , Date Name from which „, ™ T?Aซ,iif- Date Name from which ™p _ of of Sex. landed or with sll ฐ.<. Form 14esuIfc of of Sex. landed or with a* Fo ™i Result Attack. Persons. which they Arrival of Disease, and Date. Attack. Persons. which they a vii vnl of Disease, and Date, communicated. Arrlval - communicated. AUIViU - June2B C.S. M " Christina " - June 22 Diarrhoea - r. June 24 July 5 T.F. M " Grecian " - July 5 Cholera - r July 12 23 S.B. F "Rhone" - 20 Diar.& vomit, r. 25 5 J.F. F "Asie" - 5 Do. - d 8 24 E.S. M „ - 20 Diarrhoea - r. 26 6 L.B. M „ - 5 Do. - r 8 24 G.M. M „ ฆ 20 Do. - r. 26 6 S.M. M "Cella" - 2 Diarrhoea - r 8 26 G.C. M "Italian" - 23 Diar.& vomit, r. 27 6 R.G. M "Wyvevn" - June 28 Cholera - d. 6 28 G.M. M "Wyvern" - 28 Cholera (I)- d. 28 6 G.P. M „ - 28 Do. - r. 8 28 S.M. M „ - 28 Do. (1) - r. July 8 6 C.C. M „ ( . .11.88 2 2 2 . 15 1 2 1 24 2,797 8 San Guiliano - . . ' . -j 1 ฆ 23 |ซ|'! 1 • • • # | 7 476 Gargur - - . • • . 1 • .1 . 3 i . . 1 . . I . j . . . .16 1,200 5 Zeitun- - - . . • . . 1 4 78 5 j 7 3 21 11 8 3 42 . . .84 5,491 15 Calcara 1 .12.. 1 . . . . ; . . . . 5 436 11 Gudia • . 1 . . . 1 1 1 .1 . . . ! . . . 6 932 5 Axiack --. . . . . . 8 . 8 4 1 4 8 5 2 . 1 . . 84 1,200 20 Balzan --.... j . 1 ! 1 662 . Lia ---....!• 2 1 j 1 . . 1 I . 1 ... 1 . . 8 1,371 5 Paola ! • 1 1 | • • • : ฆ • • • . 2 485 4 Tarxien - • ...1119.1 1 10 1,265 7 Siggieui - - . . • . i • 2 8 8 14 9 8 3 1 511 . . . 40 2,641 15 Crendi - - . j ... j . 1 .!...,... 1 2 949 2 Luca ---.;. .. j ...... 1 4 4 2 3 I 1 ... 16 1,592 10 Melleha - - . j ...:.. 1 .... 1 .... 1 .... 2 975 2 St. Paul's Bay - ... . j . . 1 ! | . l 476 Safi - - - I • 1 2 .J 1 . . . 4 286 14 Chircop - - \ 1 1 409 Dingli- - - ! • 1 • ! ! . . . . 1 594 Weekly totals - 2 4 25 68 116 190 210 -171 151 99 j77 120 68 40 20 16 jl9 8 2 2 1,408 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 75 Table VIII. — Weekly Abstract of Cases of Cholera among the Civil Population in the Cities and Villages of Gozo during the Epidemic of 1865. "Weeks ending , Total Coses Places. i in each July Aug. Aug. Aug. i Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Place. 27. 3. 10. 17. i 24. 81. 7. 14. 21.. 28. I 5. 12. 19. 26. j I I Xeuchia .--- 9 7 2 1 7!2— 5 3 1 — ; — 1— 38 Rabato — 1 26 33 32 !33 23 12 11 7! — —j — — 178 Caccia - - - — 1 2 — 1 — I 8' 19 26 I 12 11 8 2 79 Nadur ....__ i 3 _|6jlj— i__ i[__ 18 Sannat - - - -__ 6 9 3J14J3 4 3 1 — ฆ— | — — 43 Marsalforn - - - — — IS — — — — — I — — — — — 3 Garbo .-..__ 2— 3 7 7 5 6 j 10 9 6 12 1 69 Munxar ----__ l 3— 1— 3 — j 1 1 I[ - - 12 Santa Lucia .-.. — __ i_ — — 8 — — — — | — — 4 Kercem ...-___ .-j 2 2 G 1 3 1— l|__ 10 Zebbug -_.-- — __ 1-04 6 1 5 6 4 7 j 2 1 4:1 Ghain'Sielem -". - — — — ฆ— — — i _ — __—!__ l Kaia ...._.___!____ i__i.__ 2 Ghammar .-.____!_ — _ 1 1 2 3 13 1— 11 i ! j | I -. . Weekly totals - 9 9j 41 56 53 ! 09 '48 38 46 55 29 32 i 24 \ 4 513 L_J ! ! ! ! ]_ Table IX. — Weekly Abstract of Deaths from Cholera nmong the Civil Population in the Cities and A^illages of Gozo during the Epidemic of 1865. AVoeks ending T . , j , ,7ฐ*; JPopu- Deaths Places i weuซiw| ] ; , tiori per July Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. ! Sept. Sept. Sept. ! Sept. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. vi^ 1881. i 1,000. 27. 3. 10. 17. I 24. 31. 17. 14. | 21. 28. 5. 12. 19. 26. Flatc Flatc_ - _ Xeuchia 3 j 5 2 1 | 2 | 2 2 1 — — — — -.— 18 1,345 13 Eabato - - — — 9 19 |14! 12 10 6 1 3 — —f — —L 74 4,023 18 Caccia - -— — 2 —j — ! 2 — j 1 3 6j 7 6. I 2 j l! 30 1,996 15 Nadur - - -— — — 1 1 3 — — 1 — *-. — — — 8 2,546 2 Sannat- - - — — 2 4 5 | 6 2 1 3 2 | — —j— j — 25 j 793 31 Marsalforn - -__— 1 il— -r-l — " — — — — -I— r|— 2|25 80 Garbo - - - — — 1 — I|2 6 2 6 4.4 2 j s|— j 33 1,295 25 Munxar - - — — — 2 lj — — — — 1 — 1 — — 5 147 34 Santa Lucia .__ — — —j— — 1 ____!__ i 032 4 Kercem ..— —..— 1 li— 4 2 1 — — — — I — 9 793 11 Zebbug ..__ — _ 3 i 2 1 1 2 2 4 3|— ! — 18 556 32 Ghain Siclem - — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 916 — Kala -.-— — -—-— — — ฆ—— 1 — — — — i — j 1 500 2 Ghammar --— — — •— — — — 1— 1 3—|_|_|s 263 19 Weekly totals - 3 5 16 29 29 29 25 16 18 19 18 12 7 { 1 227 — — Table X. — Meteorological Observations for the Year 1860, noticing the Pressure of the Atmosphere, the Temperature and Humidity of the Air, the Fall of Rain, the Amount of Ozone and Cloud, the prevailing Winds, and the Variations in the Weather. I Reading Barometer, j Temperature of Air. 4 J R ™'- ฐ™™- Wind. Cloud. o 7^ i v~' ~ ฃ Hi Year J . . * . h 1 ซ j ป:., i!i Ii i 1 1 1 1 1 1! iii ill I ! 1 1 * 4 1803 - | ฃ i | a l i i ! ! in 1-i ! !l 1 * 'if ฆ{ g s ง 1 i I -ft I a s ง ง &ฃ S S 8 9 1 I S s sis a I i ! ' I i ! I I in. in. ! in. | in. I 0 o o o o!o o'o o in. ! January -:1 f29'704 1 80 '182 29410 "752 71*1 48*5 1 22 - 6 ! 623 88*6 8"7 57*0 59-2 54"6 50"5 73, 8 1-83 ; Not taken N.W. I*s 5"4 s*l 1 i III! February- 29 663 30-013 29-328 '720 64*8 87*1 27*7 57'fl 487 8"8 53-1 54"3 49-8 462 73 119 4*lB Do. ! N.W. 22 6*4 6-7 ! I ill I March •ฆ . '29*648 30-030 29-112 '918 70*2 48*8 24*4 600 51-4 8"6 557 57*2 Sl'2 45-2 C 6 11 -07 Do. \ N.W. 2"3 G-5 5'C Lji|| I I I j April - % 29 -97S 30-230 29*593 j '632 ; 70"2 47*3 28'9Jfl8'8 55-4; 8-1 59 # 4 615 55"S 50*9 72 4 '15 Do. j N.E. I*B 4*l 3*B May- -' '* 29-915 80*248 29^84 '464 88*1 SO'O 29*1 75 # 2 84*0 U'2 09' C 71 *S 03-6! 57-9 65 None j 5*7 3"0 N.E. *9 43 42 June- .11 j 29-900 ,30-120 29*876 *2U B 1865 1859-60-61. (Dr.Ghio). 1859-60-61. (Dr. Ghio). Teething - - - 1,827 84 153 4 Other diseases of digestive 106 12 6 3 organs. Liver disease and spleen disease j 302 j ? 43 22 1 i ' Diseases of urinary organs -57 7 5 — Diseases of organs of generation I 68 14 8 2 Diseases of bones - j 1 — — — Diseases of integumentary sys- ' 196 46 10 4 tern. Phthisis - - - 332 75 18 3 Atrophia mesenterica - - j 566 92 42 1 Other constitutional diseases - 138 29 10 2 Hoemorrhagies -- 64 10 11 — Diseases of uncertain seat - 669 142 85 12 Developmental diseases - '. — — — 1 Accidental - - 214 37 27 10 Old age and marasmus senilis 182 41 8 5 Unknown - - •• j 12 — — — Table XIII. — Statistics of Fever in 1865 in the under-mentioned Districts of Malta, received for Treatment into the Central Civil Hospital at Floriana. Fever. Dates of Cases. District or Village. ' Remarks. Cases. Deaths. Of Ist Case. Of last Case. _ . I Zabbar - - - 1 1 1 3rd January - 28th November, j The disgusting state Valletta - - - 38 6 Bth „ ' - 29th December. of personal filth in Cospicua --- 6 2 10th „ - 21st September. which each patient Crendi - - -1 118 th,; — was received ap- Zeitun - - 67 12 23rd „ - 19th July. peared to be the Floriana 16 2 24th „ - 26th December. | cause of the disease. Vittoriosa - - -1 — 31st,, — Merchant ships in great har- 12 1 11th February 10th December. In proportion as the bour. cholera invaded the Micabiba 5 14th „ - 27th June. island the fever di- Curmi • - 4 23rd „ - 1 3th July. minished, but strag- St. Julian 1 — „ „ gling cases continued Safi - - - I 32 5 ! 24th „ - 19th June. to arrive as usual Zebbug 1 3rd March. — during the heat of Axiack - | 5 7th ? - 2nd June. summer. Luca - - - ; 4 1 Bth „ - 9th October. Zurrico - - - i 10 1 16th „ - 11th June. Senglea - - - I 3 — 22nd „ - 24th June. Marsa - - - j 2 — 12th April - 27th May. Tarxeen - - - 3 — 14th „ - 12th October. Paola 1 — 17th May. — Gargur 1 1 2nd June. — Marsascirocco 1 1 Bth „ — Birchircara - - 1 1 29th July. — Corradino 1 — 3rd October. — San Giuseppe 1 — 29th December. — Misida 1 — 31st „ — Total - - j 229 35 Office of the Charitable Institutions, Valletta, J. V. Inglott, Comptroller 30th March 1867. L 2 78 APPENDIX TO REPORT No. XIV. Report on Cases of Disease at Birchircara in May 1865. (Translation.) Sir, Valletta, J3th April 1867. I HAVE to report to you that, with a view of making the necessary inquiries relative to the queries you were pleased to communicate to me, I proceeded yesterday to the village of Birchircara. From the information I obtained on the subject the following deductions may be made, which I transmit as replies to the above-mentioned queries. Ist Query. — The date at which the diarrhoea first appeared in Birehircara in May 186.5. Dr. 1\ Mifsud, the police physician of Birchircara, is unable to state with precision the day on which the first case of diarrhoea occurred in the month of May 1865, as no case was reported to him in his capacity of physician to the poor. He recollects to have been called upon to cure very few cases in his private practice, but is unable to point out the date when such cases occurred. I have, however, been informed that Dr. A. Cassar, a medical man practising in the same village, reported on the 20th May 1865 to the syndic of the district two cases of cholera, which occurrred on the person of M. A. Psnila, aged 46, living in Strada Vallone, No. 7, and on that of Elena Gafii, aged 80, living in Strada Misida, No. 59. The former woman was attacked on the 17th and the latter on the 20th May. It is necessary to observe that a commission composed of Dr. Hume, late Inspector General of Military Hospitals, Dr. Matthews, Dr. Ghio, and Professor Engcrer, appointed by his Excellency the Governor (on the same date of the report made by Dr. Cassar, and consequently on the first day when Elena Gafa was attacked,) declared that no symptoms of Asiatic cholera could be traced out. And I may further state that having yesterday expressly called at the house of Elena Gafa, I obtained coi'rect information, confirmed by two of her sons, one of whom is a respectable person, being a clergyman and a canon, that their mother's case was not Asiatic cholera, as the characteristic symptoms were wanting, and others were not completely developed, and the disease disappeared after a few moments. Consequently it is my opinion that very likely this was a violent case of diarrhoea. The information obtained from Ilie family Gafa is to bo relied upon, as its members are very respectable and intelligent, and are well informed about the symptoms of Asiatic cholera, as their mother had an attack in the year 1854 which endangered her life. The Gafas further state that since that attack their mother became subject to bowel complaints very often accompanied by diarrhoea, cramps, and hocrnorrhoids. 2nd Query. — The date of the last case or the time at which it ceased. Dr. Mifsud being unable to answer the first query, it follows that he cannot give any informal ion as regards the second. However, he stated that the last case of diarrhoea which preceded the first attack of Asiatic cholera occurred, not in May, but on the 20th July. 3rd Query. — An estimate of tie probable number of cases, and of deaths if any. In the month of May 1860, except the two cases of M. A. Peaila and Elena Gafa, Dr. Mifsud cannot point out but very few cases observed by him in his private practice; the exact number he cannot state. But from the Ist June to the 20th July he reported 15 cases. These cases, and those reported by Dr. Cassar, were attended wilh recovery more or loss speedy. 4th Query — An account of the symptoms of the disease. Dr. Mifsud gives the following symptoms of the canes of diarrhoea as observed by him in his private practice in May and from the Ist June to the 20th of July : Pain and a sensation of heat in the intestines, and diarrhoea* oth Query. — To what causes it could be distinctly traced. The cases of diarrhoea which generally occur in the month of May are caused by the sudden changes of temperature, capable of disturbing the cutaneous transpiration, and by the copious drinking of cold water immediately after hard bodily exercise ; these causes make a deep impression on the mucous membrane of the stomach. Another cause, very likely, is the eating of early fruit, which is very often unripe 6th Query. — Whether the disease was scattered over the village or only confined to certain parts of it. The cases observed during the month of May, as Avell as those which took place between the Ist June and the 20th July, occurred in different parts of the village, and showed no tendency to become localized any where particularly. 7th Query. — What interval of time elapsed between the disappearance of the disease and the first case of Asiatic cholera in the village ? As the cases of diarrhoea continued to occur from the month of May and became more frequent up to the 20th of July, on which day the last case was reported which preceded the first attack of Asiatic cholera in the village, the interval of time elapsed was of three days, as the first attack of cholera took place on the 24th of July (Giuseppe Borg, aged 75, living in Strada Ganu, No. 42). The person who died of cholera in Birchircara on the 18th July cannot bo considered as a case which occurred in the village, because the manifestation or the invasion of the disease took place at Misida,, whence the individual was removed to Casal Birchircara, where he died. I have, &c. (Signed) Dr. P. GbUXKT, The Superintendent Police Physician for of Police, Valletta. Valletta. No. XV. Exteact from Report addressed by Dr. Aubert-Roche to M. Ferdinand de Lesseps regarding the Epidemic Cholera of 1865. — ("Journal de I'lstlune de Suez," No. dv lo c Sept. ISGS.) "En Mai 1865 l'epidemic est constate a Djedda et a le Mecque 150,000 pelerins y etaient reunis, les cadavres restaient sans sepulture dans les rues. "Le 19 Mai arrive a Suez le premier navirc reliant de Djedda, vapeur Anglais, charge de quinze cents pelerins, et ay ant jete pendant la travereee dcs morts a la mer. "Le2l Mai dcs cas de cholera sont constates a Suez sur le capitaine dv navire et sa femme ; ils ont etc traites par le Dr. Papathodor, medecin de la compagnie. "Lc 22 Mai un cas de cholera est reconnu a, Dama\.Aour pres d'Alexandrie, dans un convoi de pelerins venant de Suez a, Alexandrie, par le Dr. Fibich, medecin de la Compagnie dv Canal, et gui so rendit a son poste. "De 22 Mai au l er Juin plusleura milliera de pelerins ont debarque a Suez et sont venus camper a Alexandrie, pres dv Canal de Mahmoudich. "Le 2 Juin un premier cas de cholera se manifesto parmi les habitants d'Alexandrie gui demeuraient au milieu dcs pelerins. " Le 5 Juin deux autres cas se declarent dans les meines conditions. "A partir de cc moment les cas vont en augmentant ; jusq'au 12 ils se manifestent dans le meme 1* ?> lO yC 1 • ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 79 No. XVI. Extbacts from the Memorandum by the Police relating to Arrivals from Alexandria in May and June 1865. " On the 31st May the British steamer " Ephesus " arrived here in five days from Alexandria with 235 hadjis or pilgrims in pratique, of which 61 were landed on the steamer's departure for Tunis the next day. According to the report of the master, three hadjis had died during the passage and were buried at sea — one of mortification, the second of constipation, and the third through seuile exhaustion. There "was no medical officer on board. Between the Ist and 9th June seven steamers arrived from Alexandria with 237 passengers, chiefly hadjis. On the 10th June the British steamer " Olympus " arrived here in four days from Alexandria, one of the crew affected with bowel complaint. On the 12th June three P. and 0. steamers arrived in three days* from Alexandria with 26S passengers for England and 28 for Malta. On the 13th June the British steamer " Alexandi^a " arrived in five days from Alexandria with six passengers for Malta and three for Liverpool. On the morning of the 14th June the British steamer " Hellenis " arrived in five days from Alexandria with two passengers for Malta and three for Liverpool. After the arrival of the above last-mentioned steamer, a telegram was received by Government stating that cholera existed in Egypt, and all vessels coming from Alexandria were from that instant (14th June) subjected to a quarantine of seven full days from their arrival at Malta. The first vessel thus subjected to the established quarantine was the British steamer " Memnon," which arrived at 5 p.m. of the 14th June in four days from Alexandria with 22 passengers for Malta, of which 11 were hadjis. The master reported that one hadji had died of bowel complaint during the passage, and had been committed to the deep. The second, the British steamer '* Cairo," arrived at 6 p.m. of the 14th June in four days from Alexandria Avith 47 passengers for Malta, of which 37 were hadjis. The third, the "Nyanza," P. and O. steamer,, arrived at 11 p.m. of the 14th June with seven passengers for Malta. The fourth, the "Maria Antonietta," Ottoman steamer, arrived on the 17th with one Maltese passenger. The fifth, the " Assyrien," French steamer, arrived on the 19th with 30 passengers for Malta. The sixth, the " Rhone," British steamer, arrived on the 20th at 7.30 a.m. with 147 passengers for Malta. .The master reported that a passenger and a fireman had died of cholera during the passage. Thus on the 20th June the number of persons in quarantine at the Lazaretto amounted to 288 ; viz., 254 passengers, and 34 others in communication with. them." No. XVII. History; of the earliest Cases of Cholera in Algeria in 1865. (Extracts from " Rapport sur FEpidemie de Cholera de 1865 dans la Province d'Alger, A.S. Excellence le Marechal de Mac-Mahon, Due de Magentfl, Governeur-General de I'Algeuie, par Jules Ferier, Medecin en chef de la division, etc.) After having stated that he had directed the D ซฆป— - medical officers to inform him of the first occurrence of cholera, M. Perier states as follows :—: — " Le premier avis parti le 13 Juillet de Dellys nous signalait Fapparition, a peu pros simultanee dans la place, de deux cas de cholera sporadique, le premier chez un prisonnier Kabyle venant de Fort-Napoleon, l'autre dans une f ami lie pauvre venant de Bone, par le courrier parti le 9 de cette derniere villa Cette famille sc composait dun mere et de quatre enfans, tous plus ou raoi-ns malades. . . . Le Kabyle entre a l'liopital le 10, et morfc le 11 avec de symptoms do cholera, elait atteint depuis longtemps de fievrc intermittente efc de diai-rliee. . . . Quant a l'ainee dea enfants venus de Bone, fille de 14 ans, admise le 10 a, l'hopital pour une diarrhee intense, dont Finvasion remonlait a huit jours, et gui avait etc prise le 11, de refroidissement general avec faiblesse extreme dv pouls, voix eteiute, selies et vomissements bilieux, ooliquos, erampes vivos et taches cyaniques dela face. C'etait bien un cas de cholera quo l'etat sanitaire de> Bone non suspect, et celui de Dellys plus que les syraptdmes eux-meines, devraient faire considerer comme devant rester sporadique. ... Si quelques jours avant mon arrivee M. Messager avait observe en certain nombre dcs diarrhees ou dcs dyssenterics avec vomissements quelques fois avec tendence au refroidisscmcnt ces affections n'offraient rien d'insolite." " Deux cas de cholera contracted loin de Medeah venaient de se terminer dans l'hopital de cette ville, l'un par guerison l'autre par la mort. Le premier etait relatif a un domestique Europeen employe chez le Ca'id Djelali, habitant a 50 kilometres environ de Medeah, sur la route de Boghar. Cet homme a c*te transporte lo 12 Juillet a l'hopital, presentant les symptomes suivants : vomissements, selies dj'ssenteriques, sensation de chaleur vive avec refroidissement general, teinte cyanosee, yeux enfonces, voix eteinte, sub-delirium, faiblesse dv pouls, sans erampes. Le second cas se rapportaita, un menuisier Europeen, age de 45 ans, habitant ordinairement l'Arba, ou il avait contracte en Juin une fievre intermittente. Cet homme, apres etre venu a Medeah pour se traiter dans sa famille, etait rentre bien gueri a, l'Arba. II ne tarda pas a rechuter, quitta de nouveau l'Arba pour se rendre a Alger, ou il a passe le journee dv Dimanche, 23 Juillet ; revint ensuite a Medeah, ou il arrivait le 24, a cinq heures de soir : a huit heures il entrait a l'hopital dans l'etat suivant ; refroidissement general, avec sensation de chaleur intense, sueur froide, cyanose tres-prononcee, nez effile, yeux enfonces, entoures dun cercle noiratre, langue humide, legerement blanchatre, froide, soif moderee, vomissements de nature glaireuse, legerement colores par labile, ventre retracte, indolore; selies nombreuses bilieuse?, erampes doloreuses dans les membres ; urines rares ; pouls filiforme, a peine perceptible ; intelligence parfaite. . . . Son etat alia toujours en s'aggravant, et il mourut le 25 a 2 heures de l'apres midi." — (Rapport sur l'Epidemie de Cholera de 1865 dans la province d'Alger.) M. Perier considers the first of these Medeah cases as "une fievre pernicieuse algide choleriforme," and the second a case of sporadic cholera. L 3 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XVIII. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Cospicua, during the Town of Fatal Cases of Cholera. sta t e Windows. State State State in whether State .ซ_,„_ State State general whether which Floor theWa il S) whether, at Name of Street, Court, whether „ .. any of the ซ-ซi ซ, -n ** state whether wnemer g gatm ttt r y any Ceilings, or the Date Place, Ac, the Street the Condition Nuisances House the Floors of of Attack, State whether Date and or Court Surface was ofStreet were , Patient was the House the Inmates No the Windows . _ . .. was "Properly orCourt . com- attacked: were o f the Rooms A ซ e - Bex - of Number or Designation ,, Drained , ) paved," "Good," plained of "Basement," ซ clean," were in open into Death. of House or"TJn- or "In- ,, In .' . at or "Ground Floor, "l ซ In . "Crowded," 'affected a "Street," where attacked. drained." different," different> ป before the "Me^anine" diff e r ent," "Not ! Room . , ป 2nd rloor Indifferent Crowded 2 | Yard, terrace 42 M. 6 „ „ „ „ ป ป .. ป ป 2 50 „ 26 August - 190 - ป ป ป ป Basement Not clean „ 1 Yard I^. f. 8 July 223 - ป ป Ground Floor Clean „ 1 Street 29 M. 9 August - „ 220 „ „ •> ป Mezzanine Indifferent „ 1 32 „ 22 July - „ 239 - - ป .. ป ป ป ป ป 1 75 p. 21 245 - „ •> ป ป> Ground Floor Not clean Net crowded None „ 31 F. 2 August - 246 - - ป .• ฆ> ป " Indifferent Crowded 1 Yard 75 14 271 . ป ป ป Not clean Not crowded 1 Street 8 M. 25 „ - 278 - ป ป> ป Mezzanine Indifferent „ „ 23 F. 15 „ - „ 283 - .. ป ป ป Not clean „ 2 7 „ 27 July 308 B - ฆ •> ป ป ป Ist Floor „ Crowded 1 Terrace 40 „ 2 August - „,.--ป •• ป ป " " " X 75 M. 14 „ - 324 i. .. ป ป Ground Floor „ Not crowded 1 Yard 12 „ 11 July - Marsamuscetto, 7 - - „ Macadam- Good No Ist Floor Clean „ 2 Yard, corridor 31 „ 16 44- „ Prop.paved „ ป 2nd Floor „ „ 1 Yard 52 „ 6 September 54- • ? Macadam- „ Yes Ground Floor „ „ None 55 „ 21 July - 58- - ป Z ป ป ป Mezzanine „ „ 1 Street 29 „ 4 August - 60- - ป. ป ป ป Ground Floor „ Crowded 1 >, - 9 qi Tlllv . 110 Basement Indifferent Not crowded 1 Mandaraggio Od •, Ol ซl U.IJ ฆ jj Xi-U • • 99 *9 '9 7ป 66 F. 16 August - „ 135- - ? .. ป ป ป " " X Yard 22 M. 14 July - Mezzodi, 37 - ' ? ป >- >• Ground Floor Clean „ 2 Street 2A F. 11 August ฆ Britannica,42 - " - „ „ Indifferent „ „ Not clean Crowded. None 55 M - 12 ป " „ 44 - - ", (ast ' able) " ป Yard 45 22 57 „ Good No Mezzanine Clean Not crowded 1 Street 21 „ 9 September „ 58 - • „ .. ป " Ist Floor 2 F. 16 July - 61 "ป ป ป ป " " " X 50 M. 23 September 64 - - ? ? .. ป 2nd Floor 3 „ 25 August 65 ป .- Yes Mezzanine „ Crowded 2 Street -, * „. 1 1K • Indifferent „ Ground Floor Not clean Not crowded None — x * " ฐ* " " oo (coach-house). an ia iซft ? Ist Floor Clean „ 1 Street OU !i AO j. ฆ i> ฑOD • ฆ 99 l> 9> n 53 „ 2 „ - St. Giuseppe, 18 - - .. ป Bad ป " " " 1 " 75 21 ป ป Mezzanine „ „ 5 Both 24 F. 7 „ 56 • - ? .. Indifferent No „ ? Crowded 1 Street 1A „ 17 July 83 - „ „ Yes „ „ Not crowded 1 10 M. 18 „ - • — — — 22 F. 19 August - St. Guiseppe,los • - Drained Macadam- Indifferent Yes Mezzanine | Indifferent Not crowded 2 Street 05 M. 5 Fontana,9 „ Bad „ 3rd Floor j Not clean „ 1 Yard 50 F. 31 July - „13 - ป, .. ป Basement - „ „ None 4jl m 19 - 28 • ป ป ป Ground Floor Clean „ 1 Street Population where Deaths from Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Epidemic of 1865. '{Valetta. Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors: Quality j Any Smell Nature Whether ! whether at the ' How Situation ether Zyt^nlsuchGrtley of How ™-ปcc Time of I Quantity: obtained: of Gulley jor Sink Privy Privy is or Smell opemngintoa A tta*k :| „ Sllffl . "ffiT *ny gh ฃ in j T f m f t e he Accommo- ™ฑ* arose ! "Common whence "Good," i Tank," or "Under House the Street! Patient was dation: Water: from .Stair" orinto derived " dear," I ซ.ป or Nta Room/ , or | ,. Open By,, p^vy* "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to ( any Drain Sink," or "By,, Time of "Tasted! "Drawn ซ Under "Yes," the House opened ซ common 3J5& Attack: I raslea sufficient." from unaer attacked: withm the Not , ""Outer Air. ' badly" ! Pipo,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yos," Room Pnvy,' supplied. Yes, . , &c . I . or " No -": "affS &c - &c - ฐ^_ '. j : j Outer air Rain and Good Sufficient Drawn Under, near Yes No Yes Common By hand Yes aqueduct. fromtank. house. privy. i Tasted „ „ Underhouse „ „ ปi ป ป " badly. „ Aqueduct Good „ Carried Underhouse, „ „ .ป ป ป •• water notused. _ . , „ „ „ No tank „ Yes ? Open sink . „ „ Common stair „ ป ป ป >• ป ป ป " Outer air „ ป ป ป >> ป >ป ป " Common stair „ „ ป ป ป >• ป " " " " Outer air ป ป ป ป •> ป ป ป " >• Outer air „ ? .. ป ป No „ „ No privy -. No „ Yes „ ป> Open sink By hand Yes — — Outer air Rain and „ „ Tank Under yard Yes No No Common By hand Occasionaqueduct. privy. any, yes. „ Carried Under room „ Yes Yes ? ป ป Common stair Aqueduct „ „ Carried No tank. „ „ „ >, ป ป Rain and „ „ Tank Under yard „ „ „ „ ป Out'erair **™^' ซ ซ No No Common ? Yes — „ „ Carried No tank „ „ „ Open sink „ „ Tank Under room „ „ „ ป ป ป Underhouse „ „ „ Common „ Occasion- „ Under yard „ „ „ >, ' By pipe No „ Com. privy By pipe & Occasion- " " and sink, by hand, ally, yes. „ „ „ „ Common By pipe No Under house „ „ ' Occasion- Open sink By hand Occasion- ally, yes. ally, yes. „ Under room „ Yes Yes „ >. ปes " Under yard „ „ Occasion- Common „ No " ally, yes. privy. Aaueduct Carried Underhouse „ No Yes Open sink „ Occasion(empty). ally, yes. „ „ „ „ Underhouse „ „ >ฆ ป - ป " „ „ „ „ No tank „ Yes „ „ •> >ป """"" Rain and „ „ Tank Under house „ „ „ „ •> ป aqueduct. __ Outer air Rain and Good Sufficient Tank Underhouse Yes Yes Yes Open sink By hand OccaMon— Aqueduct „ „ Carried Under inlet „ No No „ „ No Outer air „ „ ป ? " No Yes Yes None — Yes „ „ Open sink By hand Yes , Li 4 r 81 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XVlll.— Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Deaths from Town of — L^ Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. ~ — State ! State State in whether State State State general j whether which Floor thoWaUB> whe ther, at Name of Street, Court, whether whether Samtary | any of the Ceilings, or the Date State Place, &c, the Street the Condition Nuisances House the Moors of of Attack, State whether Date and or Court Surface was ofStreet were Patient was the House the Inmates theWl|l(towi was "Properly orCourt . coin- attacked: were o f the Rooms Age. Sex. of Number or Designation ?D rained, , paved," "Good," P lainedof "Basement," ซ clean," were m open into Death. of House or"Un- or " In - "In- \at or "Ground Floor," ซ In .' ซ Crowded," 'affected j a "Street," where attacked. drained." Afferent ป diffcrent> ,, before the ซ Mezzanine " afferent." "Not Roonu ., Court> , or "Bad." or ซ Badปa dป Time of Ist Floor, O r"Not crowded," &c. Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. clean .ป or "both." Yrs. 1805. __ _ _ _ 7 F. 6 August - ' — *~" 43 M . 7 . Fontana.44- • - Drained Macadam- Bad Yes Ist Floor Clean Crowded 1 Street ized. 15 „ 7 - - - - ~ ~ ~ 56 p. s M . Realo, 27 - • - Drained Macadam- Good Yes Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 Yard 40 M. 10 - - ' " ป 3rd Floor Clean „ 1 6 F 13 - ... „ „ it a " Not crowded 1 „ 31 „ 15 .. •> ป '• " 29 M. 20 July - ? 94 - ป No lst Floor " ป SfcrCet 32 20 „ -„„••• ป ป ป " " " 3 „ 21 „ -„„••- " •' - " " " " " 54 F 22 - 217 .. ป ป Ground Floor „ Crowded 2 Both 15 „ 26 „ - .. ป ป " " " 23 M. 25 „ - ,i M ป ป ป ป ฆ Not crowded 1 Yard 12 F. 7 August „ 95 - .. ป ป 2nd Floor „ „ 3 Street g.j 1G 168 - - - •• t, ป Yes Ground Floor ? ป 1 Yard 5 m. 29 - 171 • ป ป ป ป Mezzanine „ „ 2 Street, terrace 23 F. 13 „ - ?189- • - ซ ป ป ป ป Not clean „ 3 Street 2 M jj . 197 „ „ „ Ist Floor Clean „ 2 Stair 70 F. 16 „-„„..-.. - - '• ป ? - 1 Yard 3 „ 2 „ - „ 230 - ป - " " " " * ฆ 73 lt ...ป n ฆ .. .Ground Floor Not clean „ 3 ป 4 „ 3 „ ฆ Mercanti, 12 ซ... .. . ป ป ป Crowded X _? ia „ 2nd Floor Clean Not crowded 2 „ O\) ? lo *J " |ป ปl * ** ** ,- „! .. Ist Floor ป n 2 doors Yard and stair 37 ii 23 „• „ „ - - | >> ป " " m -m 1 1 ? ? ? ป Basement Not clean „ None — 56 F. 15 September „ 113 - - ป **$%ฃ* " " Mezzanine Clean „ Street 38 M. 20 „ - „ 114 - - " Pa ป 6 " " " lstFloor ป " Yard 38 F. 20 July - 134 •• •• Macadam- „ No Mezzanine 4 Both ized. . 53 M. 22 „-„„•-" " " " ฆ " " 42 F. 23 August - „ 143 . ป - YeS " " " * StrCC * 48 „ 81 „ - „ 166 .... 50 „ 88 September st.Ursola, 8 • , - •• " " lstFloor " " Both 50 „ 21 July 79 - - " " Ground Floor „ „ 1 Yard 48 29 . 150 • - " - Indifferent „ 4th Floor „ „ Street 30 M. 7 October - „' „ - ป ป ป ป 3rd Floor „ „ 1 Yard 26 „ 13 September „ 155 . . •• ป " " Mezzanine „ „ 1 Street 15 F. 29 July 158 . . ป - " Ground Floor Indifferent „ 2 s„a „ M 22 „ 14 August - js! . ป - '• Mezzanine Clean „ 2 2 49 „ 22 „-,.„-*ป ป " 66 „ 18 September „ 191 D ••'ปป• No • .. 77 M. 20 „ ? — , 1 75 F. 23 „ ?ป•••> ป ป " 22 „ 22 August - „ 201 .... „ ? Yes - Indifferent Crowded 1 Yard , 23 . Levante,64- - - ? Properly Good „ Ist Floor Clean Not crowded j 1 Street " paved. l x %- M. 21 - ? 70 „ 22 July „ 69- ป ป No Mezzanine „ „ 2 78 P. 8 September ?70 .. ป Yes Ground Floor Indifferent „ None j 40 M. 5 August - „ 37- • •. ป " Mezzanine Clean „ 1 fir P l 9 . Tramontana 11 - - „ Macadam- Indifferent „ 2nd Floor „ Not crowded 2 Passage and ized . -fur. APPENDIX TO REPORT ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 83 Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued, Valetta — continued. "Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors: Quality ' j Any Smell j Nature Whether whether at the How Situation | mether i suclSley! of How Nui^ llce . . Time of Quantity: obtained: of j Gulley or Sink ,' Privy Privy is or Smell j opemnsmtoa " f r^n\ mk . any | A— • oro*. Lominon Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: from khmakk*. Stair,"orinto derived . "Clear," ซ*ป*" ซ or Dmins: j 01 JVo> Common stair Aqueduct Good Sufficient Carried None Yes Yes Yes Open sink By hand Yes Common stair Rain and Good Sufficient Tank Under inlet Yes Yes Yes Open sink By hand Yes j aqueduct. Outer air „ „ .. „ Under yard „ No No „ „ Occasion- ally, yes. „ „ ป ป. Carried None „ „ Yes „ „ Yes j • j „ „ ป ป Tank Under yard ! ป „ No „ „ Occasion- ซ ally. yes. Common stair „ ป „ ? Under house „ Yes Yes „ „ Yes ฆ i ' Outer air „ ,> ป ? „ „ „ „ •> „ ป ] Common stair ? ป ป „ „ „ ป •, „ ป .. ; ' I „ „ ป m n Under yard i „ ป „ .-. ป ป I — „ ? ป „ „ „ v ? ? „ n ' Dicdn' Rabatoof Notabilc. Outer air „ ? „ „ Under house i „ No No „ „ Occasion •] ally, >'es. i Common stair „ >, „ ? Under yard ; ป Yes Yes ? ? Yes f Outer air „ ป „ „ „ „ No No „ „ Oocftsion- j ally, yes. | I I „ „ ? „ Carried j Under house ? Yes Yes „ „ Yes (not used). „ Aqueduct „ „ Tank Under house „ „ „ „ ปป ฆฆ „ Rain „ „ „ Under yard ป „ „ j Common „ „ privy. j — Rain and „ „ „ — „ No No Open sink „ ? aqr.educt. t 'ฆ Common stair Aqueduct „ „ Can-ied j „ Yes Yes ? „ „ Outer air Rain and „ „ Tank Under house \ „ No No „ „ ? • aqueduct. „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried < None „ Yes Yes „ „ „ in„„ „ „ „ i „ Rain and „ „ Tank i Under house ! „ „ „ „ ' „ „ aqueduct. „ Aqueduct Muddy j „ „ „ „ No No „ „ No ?„ปIH!ปh ป I " >• i — Common stair Rain and Good „ Carried j — „ Yes Yes ? j, „ „ ฆ aqueduct. Aqueduct „ „ „ None ป ? „ ? j „ Yes Outer air „ „ „ „ ฆ Tunk under i „ No No „ j „ No I house, empty.' „ Rain and „ „ Tank Under room „ Yes Yes „ ? Yes - .aqueduct. „ „ „ „ v Under housel „ No No „ „ No . . I I Common stair „ „ ? „ „ „ „ „ ? „ „ I I I 19034. ML' Table XVIIL — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Death* Town of Fatal Cases of Cholera. state Windows. j State i State ! State in whe ther State ~~ . . State St!ltc general whether < wMch Floor the Walls, whether, at Name ot Street, Court, whether any ofthc OefflngifO|l the Date State Place, &c, Hie Street the Condition Nulsauces j House the j Floors of o f Attack, State whether Date and or Court Sซrfaee was ofStrect were j Patient was | the House the Inmates the windows was "Properly orCwat . ฆ com- attacked: weM ofthe Rooms! Age. Sex. of Number or Designation (i „ paved," ซ Good/ > plained of j "Basement," ซ(ji ma >' : were in open into Death. of House or' [ Un- or "In- ซ, lu .' !at or ["Ground Floor," . ซ In _ 'ซ Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked. drained." different," diflterent ป btfon, the- " Mezzanine/ ja^*. - Not or "Bad." OT^Baa." Time of !•• Ist Floor, or ซ Not crowded," &c. Attack. ;'ฆ 2nd Floor," &c. j „ or "both." | i ! i 1 H*' F. '11 August ฆ Tramontana, 12 - - Drained I Macadam- Indifferent Yes Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Street i ized. 60 M. 15 „ - ? „ - - l ? >, h ป ป. n >• 2 „ j 50 „ 13 „ - ? 18 - - ? .. v .ป 2nd Floor Indiffcreut ? 1 Yard 30 2 - 32 Prpoperly .. ป Mezzanine Clean .. 1 Street | paved. 34 F. 23 July - ? 48 - - .. Macadam- „ ? Ground Floor Indifferent ? 1 ized. 45 OM. 26 „ - .. .. - - ? ? .. '- ป m " l 98 F. 12 August - .. 82 - ; „ Good No Mezzanine Clean ? 2 37 „ 24 „ ฆ Stretta, 3 - - - i „ Properly Indifferent Yes ? ? „ 1 paved. 60 M. 23 July - „ 18 ---;.. „ Good 62 F. 5 September - ? 55 ---{.. „ Indifferent Yes 2nd Floor Clean Nat crowded 1 Yard 49 M. 16 August - ? 100 T - - • ? .. „ No j Ground Floor Not clean j „ 1 Stair 60 F. 27 „ - „ 103 • I ป m .. Yes 2nd Floor Clean „ 1 Street 52 n 12 „ - „ 117 - - ? „ H „ Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 Yard I go „ 12 ? - .. 122 • I ป .. h n Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Street 70 23 „ - „ I7tป . - - ? „ Mezzanine Indifferent „ 2 „ 55 „ 19 September ? 192 1> - - •|ฆ ? „ „ No 3rd Floor Clean „ 1 Yard 20 M 25 July - Fianco 10 - - -I ป Bad Bad Yes Ground Floor Not clean i „ 1 Street y (a stable). 10 25 - 42 - - - .. ii ? .• Ground Floor „ | Crowded 2 ? 28 F. 19 August - St. Paolo, 61 - - ป Properly Good No 2nd Floor Clean Not crowded 2 paved. 2ฃ „ 2 September „ 16+ - - >• Macadam- Indifferent „ Ground Floor Indifferent „ „ 28 M. 18 August ฆ „ 189 - =• ป ' ? Yes 2nd Floor ? Crowded 1 Yai-d 32 „ 2 „ 194 • • m ,< ป ฆ> Clean Not crowded 2 „ 28 F. 17 „ - ? 236 .... „ Good „ ? „ ? 2 Staircase and 3 „ 24 September ! „ 317 - - >• ป ป ป Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Street 65 M. 25 July . I „ 318 - - ? „ „ ป 2nd Floor Clean „ 2 terrace d 20 25 „ ฆ San Giovanni, 2:! i Properly „ ?. Mezzanine „ ? .8 Street l paved. 30 F 7 August 46 - - ป ; Macadam- ? „ Terrace „ „ 2 Street, ten-ace ized. 32 M. 13 868 H • •• Properly „ Yes Ground Floor „ Crowded o Street paved.' I 43 „ 16 „ - - >• .ป .. ป ป ป ป 3 10 12 ? - Toro, 6 ? Bad ? Mezzanine „ Not crowded 2 „ 12 w 4, . 18 - - - .. ? ? No Oven Not clean „ Did not — " sleep in the same place. 19 5 20 - - - •• >• ป Mezzanine Indifferent „ 1 Yard (oven) . 19 M. 26 July 22 „ ? ป Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 „ 40 F. 5 August ฆ „ „ - - ! •ฆ ii ii m ป •• ป * 10 29 July ฆ 24 „ >ป " Mezzanine Indifferent „ 1 ? (oven). 76 29 - i, 36 .. ? „ ป 2nd Floor Clean „ 1 Street 23 M. 26 „ - San Carlo, S ? „ Yes Ground Floor Not clean „ 2 „ (oven). 2 „ 26 ป 8 - ? ? ป ป ซ •> 2 Both 52 „ 26 „ - „ 10 .... ? „ „ .. „ , 1 Yard 8 „ 3 August - 13 • •, ฆ• ' Indifferent „ 2nd Floor Clean ? 8 Street 2 „ 2 „ 15 ,- - ; •• .- >• " ป ซ " 2 5 F. 30 July - I ? 21 ? ? Bad „ Mezzanine „ ? 3 I 7 1 August - „ 2". ฆ ' • I •• ป <> " Ground Floor Indifferent ? 1 „ ',17 1 . i'li - „ „ ป l*t Floor „ ? 1 „ 4i M. 29 July - 2s - - \ „ „ ,> v Ground Floor Clean „ I 50 F. 20 August - ?32 - .ฆ ป >. No Mezzanine Not clean Crowded 2 „ 28 - Cristoforo 7 .... Macadam- Good ? v Clean Not crowded 1 „ ized. I APPENDIX TO REPORT i • from Cholera occurred in Valetta, Florrana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Valetta — continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. j ~~ ~~~ f ~ Doors: Quality Any Smell Nature Whether whether at the I How Situation whether any oS such Gulley of How Nuisance . i Time of Quantity : obtained : of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell ฐ Pe r SmtOa Attack: <k - Outer Air. badly," Pipe/'&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes," j&c Or " N ฐ-" "affSed? &c - &c - or " No - ) | . . | j Outer air Aqueduct Good i Sufficient Tank Under bouse j Yes Yes Yes Open sink By hand Yes | ! | „ „ Common stair Rain and >. „ Carried ! „ ? ? ? ? ... .. aqueduct. Outer air ? ป •. Tank ; „ „ „ „ ? „ „ „ ป Tasted „ ? J Under room „ „ „ „ .. „ — badly. Good „ ? i Under house ? No No Trapped „ No privy. „ „ .. „ „ „ .. Yes Open sink „ Yes Outer air Rain and Good Sufficient Tank Under house Yes Yes Yes Open sink By hand No — — aqueduct. No No No — ~ Common stair — ? >• Carried Yes Yes Yes Open sink By hand Yes Outer air Rain and .. v Tank Under yard ? No No Trapped „ No aqueduct. Privies. Aaueduct „ .. ป Under house ? .. Yes Open sink ? Yes — — Common stair „ >< ป Canned None ? .. No „ -. No Outer air Rain and ป .. „ ป No Yes Yes — • „ „ No tank Yes „ „ Open sink By hand Yes ? „ Tank Entrance „ No N"o Common ? No privy (trapped). „ „ „ Under room .. Yes Open sink ป Yes Common stairs Aqueduct ป ฆป Can-ied ~ ? Yes „ „ ป „ Rain and ? ฆ. Tank Under house ? No No „ -ป No aqueduct. Outer air ? >i ป << Under yard „ „ „ Common >ป „ privy (trapped). „ ? „ ? „ .. .. Common •> ? —— privy „ „ „ ? „ ? .. Open sink n Occasion- —— ally yes. Rain „ ii v Under liouse ? „ „ Common ป No privy (trapped). Aqueduct „ „ Carried ? ? „ „ „ ป „ — - j, „ „ „ ? Yes Yes Open sink •> Yes — — __ v | Outer ah- Rain and „ •> Tank Under house ? .. „ „ ป „ aqueduct. , • , Aqueduct ป •• Carried l^ nder house „ ? ? „ >ฆ> ? — — (not used). I Rain and Tasted „ Tank Under house „ ? .. „ >ฆ ? aqueduct. badly. „ .., „ Under room ? ? „ „ „ „ — — „ „ ป ? Under house „ „ „ ? „ „ Aqueduct Good „ Carried None No No No — No — - Rain and „ .ป Tank Under house Yes Yes Yes Open sink By hand Yes — — aqueduct. Common stairs „ ป ป ป Under yard ? „ No „ „ No _• Outer air ? ป> ป Carried Under room „ „ Yes „ „ Yes — . (not used). Rain and „ ,ป Tank Under house „ No No „ „ No mm, aqueduct. I *5 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. APPENDIX TO REPORT * 86 Table XVIII. Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Deaths Town of Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. State State Btate hl whether State ~~ State State general whetllol> which Ploor theWallSj whethorj at Name of Street, Court, wh g &ua Sanitary any of the j Ceilings, or the Date | State Place, &c, the street the j Condition NuIMIMK* House the j Floors of Qf Attack> gtate whe ther Date and orCourt 8JซWซ ofStreet were Mb**" the House thelnmate.s No . the Windows wag "Properly orCo urt: com " attacked: W(?re o f the Rooms] Age. Sex. of Number or Designation paved," "Good" l )lainedof "Basement," "Clean," were in open into Death. of House or"Un- ""fr" "In- at or "Ground Floor," j ,ซ lu . "Crowded," affected a "Street" Where attacked. drained." different" different," b J orethe 77 1 ™ ie f ! different" "Not j^ (. ? ป ป - " m I ii Si M 3 iugust - 75 Macadam- Indifferent — ? .. „ 1 „ i ized. ? I 14 F. 4 75 .> .. ป ~ ป " " l 48 „ 20 „ - 84 .• ป Good Yes Ist Floor ? v I Yard 30 „ 30 July - 87 .ป ป ป 2nd Floor ? .. 1 Street 70 „ 2 August - 87 ? ซ ป Ground Floor Indifferent „ 1 Yard 33 ?5 ? - ? 89 - - •. ป .- " Ist Floor Clean „ None — 55 „ 13 „ - 89 ป ป •• ป Ground Floor „ „ 1 Passage 70 ?14 „ - .. 89 - - ป ? ป ป Ist Woor ,- v 2 Both ป M. 26 July • ?114 - - j >• ป ป No Terrace; ? .. Terrace Uf F. 1 August - 124 ป ป Indifferent Yes 2nd Floor ป „ 1 Yard 38 M. 7 , 126 - - >ฆ Properly Bad „ 3rd Floor „ ? 1 Street paved. , 15 F. 11 „ - Aquila, 7 - .. ป " Mezzanine Not clean „ 2 43 1 „ ฆ 8 ป " " 2nd Floor Clean .. l Yard 56 27 July - I 0 • ฆ• ' • ป• ป " " Mezzanine Indifferent j „ 1 Street 75 M. 20 September i ? 11 - - - ป „ ป ป Ground Floor Clean Crowded 2 Both 25 „ 23 July - Fredevico, 10 - j ซ Good - Mezzanine Indiffei-ent ( „ l Yard r-o F August - | flts - '- ' >• ? ป No •• ot clean ot crowded i Street 14 M. 9 July - Molini, (?) - - Ul 'drained j Macadam- „ Yes Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded l 7 F. 8 August - Regina, 15 - - - Drained IndYfferent Indifferent No Mezzanine „ Not crowded , 2 Both 40 30 jj u ]y . I ;?t m Bad Bad Yes Ground Floor Clean Crowded 2 66 M. 27 August - j ? 34 - - - ป ป " " ป " " „- T? oi - , ป Ist Floor ? Not crowded 4 Yard and 37 L - - " •' 8B ' * terrace. a jyj, 22 „ 39 >. " •> 2lld l ' ioov Indifferent „ 3 4 „ 23 „ - ? 42 - - - I ป " - " - " X Street 2.'} „ 30 July „ 49 - • - i ป ป ป lst Floor " ป J 70 „ 14 August - San Nicola, 1 - • I j Properly Good „ 3rd Floor Clean „ 2 „ paved. I 38 F. 29 ?,.-• - " " '• 2nd IIOOV " " - 1 5Q 0 3 - ? „ ? >. Mfzzanine ? ? 3 „ , it 19 „ - ' ?22 - • n ' Macadam- Indifferent No ? „ „ 3 „ 7 M 30 July - 77 - tfood Yes >2utl Floor Not cleon Crowded 2 Both t 2 F 3 August • . ? ป " ป Clean Not crowded 3 Street j. M 26 - I " 11(l ฆ • ? „ Indifferent „ I Ground Floor I •ฆ ป 1 Yard 60 2i> „-!••'ฆ • >ฆ ป ป lst Fklol> •> ฆ 2 Both p 3q3 q . j „ 2nd Floor .. Crowded 1 Yard 50 „ 3 September ; m - • „ „ „ .- 3rd Floor „ Not crowded 1 00 „ I 8 August J ป 187 - „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 1 „ / 80 „ 10 „ - •• ป - .. .. ป Terr:lC(> " " 1 r(> jg . ! „ 139 . - ? „ „ „ Basement Not clean \ 1 „ 27 - i SftU Domeiiico, 2 - - ' „ „ Ground Floor Indifferent j Crowded 1 Street 41 M. SO July - ! ป y0 " - •• Properly „ „ 2nd Floor Clean Not crowded l Yard paved. 9 F 8 August • 10S • 11 ป " Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 Street ! jo . j - (| „ Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 „ 6i „j 3 .. ป*•ฆฆฆฆ ป ป ป •' Terrace ป " l ,1 29 - I 142 -ฆ„ Macadam- „ ? 2nd Floor „ „ 1 Yard * " ized. li M. 23 September .. ป * ป ป " 3rd Floor „ „ 1 32 „ 14 August • „ 170 --„„,,— "* 87 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. from Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Valetta — continued. I ~~~~ ~~ ~~ ———————— — — — — — — — — — — — Water Supply. House Drainage. Doovs : Quality j Any Smell j Nature i Whether whether attho How S"™* 1 ™ Whether ,Kฃi suchGuHey of How! Nuisance .„..,,;..- : ni . n „ Time of Quantity : obtained of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is jor Smell Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: -Water:, from kejiarks. ซ*"•ซ* derived. "Clear," **" OT Boom," or Drains : j C() -, o?Slr "Open A. Privyat xi. c "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or : "By Time of ; "Tasted <ฆ= • ?., ' rawn "Under "Yes," the House opened ซ o Hand," ' A tt ... pk . "nnhwifc"' sufficient." from Unael attacked : within the ommo ป ; ซ No t i AttacJv ' , uutofajt. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. lor "No." I "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "l'es," *ฆ [_ r v " No -" &c - &c - \ _ w " m "\ r"" ' j | Outer air Rain and Good Sufficient Tank Under house No No No — — No aqueduct. • ป ? •ฆ .; >. Yes „ ? Both By pipe j „ ซ_ .. - Aqueduct „ „ Carried Under house. ? „ Ocasiou- Open sink By hand Occasion- - — (not used). ally, yes. * ally, yes. Rain and Muddy „ TanW, Under inlet „ „ Yes „ „ „ ฆ aqueduct. Coinmoii stairs Aqueduct Good „ „ „ „ „ „ ? „ (not used). Common stairs Aqueduct Good Carried Under house Yes No Yes Open sink By hand | Yes — •• I (not used). sL.-iirs -RirtTuiind Muddy I Sufficient Tank Under house v,s No So Opensink By hand N"o Ouier air ป ? .. .. >ป „ ? ? „ . .. ฆฆ Ocmtmdn stairs Rain and Tasted .. „ .. „ „ „ „ „ ? Outer air „ Good" i „ „ Under yard „ „ „ „ „ I ? i, j> >, Under house , ? „ ? I . "SI Aqueduct „ „ Can-ied „ „ No „ — No privy No ? ? ? „ No tank n 0 Yes No i Open sink By hand Yes „ „ „ „ Under house Yes No Yes „ „ ? (empty). ป .) •> ปj Under pas- — „ „ ? sages (empty). Common stairs „ „ „ „ Under house ' No „ „ „ „ (empty). ซI " | Outer air ? ป ? „ >• „ „ „ ? „ „ — — Common stafc p< „ „ „ „ ป „ „ ? „ „ „ Rain and „ „ Tank Under house j „ Yes ? ? „ „ aqueduct. Outer air „ „ ? Carried No tank — — j | j „ ? Under house " " ' " " " " " " Common stair Aqueduct ? „ „ ป „ i „ I ? „ „ | Rain and „ - „ Tank I .• „ ? ? ? „ „ aqueduct. j"""" " I " " Aqueduct „ ? Carried „ „ „ „ „ „ (empty) ป " " " " " " Rain and „ „ Tank Under yard „ ? ? „ „ „ aqueduct. Outer air Aqueduct „ ? Carried Under adjoin- „ ? ? „ „ „ ing house. , Rain and „ „ Tank „ „ .. „ Trapped „ „ aqueduct. privy. Common stair ,< „ ,< Carried No tank „ „ „ „ „ „ , ,t t, n „ .. No No „ . „ Occasion- -— ally, yes, „ „ •> i, „ Under house „ Yes Yes „ „ Yes — - M 3 Table XVIII. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Deaths Toivn of ' _ _____ j | , Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. j State Stnte State in whether State ' ' v f^ltort S^e State general whether which Floor theWaM whether>at Name of street, Court, whether any ofthe j^^ state Place, Ac., tho Street the Condition Nuisa ปซ* House the moonot ofAttack> state whether Date and or Court Surface was ofgtreet were Patient was the House the Inmates the Windows was "Properly orCourt . com- attacked: of the Ron™ Window* Age, Sex. of NumberorDesignation -ฃ-' plainedof „,,„,„ "ซ^ป in Death. of House or , > before the ซ Mezzanine," different- ซ Not ซ_*ฆ_•. ~v orซ Bad." or . (Bad ,, Tuneof "istFloor," j or ,. No t' crowded ., &c . Room ' Court > Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. c \ ean ป or "'both." Trs. 1865. 53 M. 30 July - Marina, 57 - - - , Drained ; Bad Bad Mezzanine I Not clean Crowded 2 Yard and (.Trent I • Harbour. 2 F. 7 August - „ 58 - - * i, Properly House kept ' No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Terrace 1 paved. dirtyi 45 M. 24 „ „ 88 - - - \ „ ' Macadam- i Good „ Mezzanine „ „ 5 Street garden ] ized. 3 „ 31 July - Ospedale, 8 - - ซ ? Bad Yes 2nd Floor „ „ 1 Yard 6 F. 30 August - „ 18 • - - ป „ „ n Ist Floor „ „ l Street I 50 ? 4 September „ 17 - - „ „ Indifferent No Mezzanine „ „ 2 ? 16 9 20 ? ? Good ? 3rd Floor „ „ 1 -j 6 F. 29 August ฆ 27 - - j „ „ „ „ Ground Flooซ „ „ 2 | Street and yard 50 M. 2 - ? 88 ฆ ซ ? Indifferent Yes „ Not clean „ 2 Yard 24 „ 25 „., - - ! ? , -, ป „ X>ฃ_ " a 11 „ 10 „ - ? 39 ฆ ป ป •. ป Ist Floor Clean ~ ?x 2 Street IJj „ 8 ? - „ i) 7 -! ? „ Occasion- Ground Floor Not clean „ •. __fl ally, yes. "^---v __H 60 F. 5 „ ?83 ••{'.ป „ .. Yes Mezzanine Clean „ 1 iV. „ -— |_— *^ 29 M. 6 „ - Pozzi, 17 ? „ Bad — 3rd Floor „ „ i Yarif 60 F. 5 ? - „ 20 - - - v ? „ Tes 2nd Floor „ ? 2 Street 5 M. SlJuly • ป25 - - v m v b Ist Floor Indifferent Crowded 1 22 ? 1 August - >• 34 „ „ „ „ „ Clean Not crowded 2 Yard 25 F. 20 ? - ป 10 * „ Properly ? „ „ „ „ 1 Street a, paved. 54 M. 10 September ป bl " „ „ „ „ Ground Floor „ l J 46 F. 25 August - forni, 11 - - m Macadam- Good — 2nd Floor „ ? l „ I _ ized. 1J ? 10 ? - ปป w „ „ „ No Mezzanine „ „ i 40 3 „ " v ' ' ' ? ป „ >. 2nd Floor „ „ l 57 „ 10 „ - •> 29 " M ป „ ? Mezzanine „ ? l Yard 2-J „ 13 „•>ป"" " ' v ... .. ป ป. .. ป 1 16 M. "12 September •> 59 ' „ „ „ Yes 2nd Floor .„ ? i „ 80 iV. 4 August - „ 96 - - M n y> No Ground Floor „ .. 2 Street ! 21 M. 12 „ - ป 99D " ,i ป ii ป. * 1 C 5 F. 20 September •> W • • • „ „ „ Yes Mezzanine „ „ l 12 „ 27 August - „ 102 D - " - - M n v No „ ? - „ l . ~ „ 60 M. 21 ป - ป 150 * " " •> „ ป ป Ground Floor „ „ — — A 55 „ 3 ? •> San Marco, 41 • • n n Indifferent „ Mezzanine Not clean „ 4 Street and terrace. 55 ? 16 September ป i) 0 ป Properly „ Yes „ Clean ? 2 Street paved. 60 „ 11 .. - Zecca, 33 d - - - H Macadam- „ No „ Indifferent Crowded 2 ? ized. 17 „ 14 „ ฆ j) SI - • - „ „ „ „ 3rd Floor Clean Not crowded l „ 18 F. 4 August - „ 70d • - • „ (> Good Yes Mezzanine „ „ l „ 29 M. „„-..ป- " " „ „ .. m ซ .. >. 1 li „ 5 - ป "0D - - „ „ „ „ „ ;, „ 1 37 ?27 „ • m 78 - - - „ „ „ ป 2nd Floor „ „ l Yard 65 F. 28 - ,) 80 - - - „ „ „ „ 3rd Floor „ ? 1 „ 58 M. 11 v - n 101 • " ' .. >, ii ป. 4th Floor „ „ 3 „ 30 P, 12 - >, ป • " " „ n .-. ป ป ป Crowded l „ 53 „ 17 September i> _-*>• - -I ? „ „ No Ground Floor Indifferent. No 1 Street clump. 66 M. 13 August - „ 170 - - - „ | Indifferent ? Yes „ Not clean Not crowded 1 „ 33 p. 25 M • Ponente, 2 - „ Paved with „ „ 3rd Floor Clean „ 3 Yard and stair I lavas. 2i2 i 5 „ . „ 61 • ฆ „ Macadam- „ No Ist Floor ? „ 3 Street " ! ized. , , 29 M. 15 „ - ? ? .. ป 2nd Floor „ „ 1 Yard 36 F. 6 „ - StAnna, 8 „ Paved Bad Yes Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 2 30 M. 9 ?->,ป • ซ 15 ?30 „ ฆ „ 4!> - - ป .ป ป ป ป Clean Not crowded l Street 4,2 20 ฆ St. Patmio, 10 - - „ Macadam- Indifferent „ 2nd Floor „ „ 3 Boih " ized. APPENDIX TO REPORT - 89 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. from Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Valetta — continued. Wuw Supply. House Drainage. 1)00113 : ' Quality j Any Smell Nature I Whether W**** . atthe How Sitoatio ป whether |S^ B uc&ซ* of How (Nuisance , • . Time of Quantity: I obtained: of I Gfulley or Sink Privy Privy is |or Smell Zln AttaCk! "ป "BST ™~*ซ*: any • Accommo . supplied; arQse Common whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: 1 from kemabks. „,ฆ„•) nr-i-nt-n ซr>io<>vป cient," or "From 8 .. ? \ or attacked, iirv,,.,. "By i p r ; vvn t (stair, or into dorived . Cleai, Well ,, Room, or j Draing . Court O r whether Open Pipe," ™ v .V at "Muddy," "In- "Carried,"| "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By j Time of "Tnstpd "Drawn; ซ TT n. .. ป Outer air „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ Common stair „ „ „ ? Under house „ .• Occasion- „ ? Occasion- (empty) ally, yes. ally, yes. Outer air „ ? ? ? No tank) „ ป Yes ? „ Yes „ Rain and „ .. ' Tank Under house ? „ „ „ ? aqueduct. ; Common stair „ „ „ „ „ „ Xo No Com. privy „ No (trapped). Outer air „ ? .. „ „ .. „ Yes Open sinks „ Yes i Common stair Aqueduct ; „ „ „ Under house ? „ „ ? „ ? *) (empty) . > They slept in the yard. „ .. !• ป I Carried „ „ — „ „ „ ? Outer air „ ป> ? „ No tank ? No No ? „ „ • Bain and „ ? ; Tank Under house „ ? Yes „ „ „ aqueduct. Common stair Aqueduct „ „ | Carried ? „ „ „ „ „ „ „ ป ป >ฆ ). No tank „ Yes „ „ „ „ I""" " " " " " Outer air „ ป „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ Rain and I „ „ Tank Under house | „ ? No Trapped ? Occasionaqueduct, privy. ally, yes. „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried Under house „ — Yes Open sinks „ Yes (empty) . „ Rain and „ „ Tank Under house „ Yes No Common „ No — - aqueduct. privy. Rain ป ป >. ? m „ h >, n >. •"*•" ? Rain and „ „ „ ? „ „ Yes „ Occasion- — aqueduct. ally, yes. „ Aqueduct ? I „ Carried i ? „ „ „ Open sink „ Yes *- — „ ป „ „ No tank „ No No — „ No ! „ Rain and Tasted | „ Tank Under house „ „ Yes Trapped „ Yes aqueduct. badly, i privy. „ Rain Good | „ „ „ „ „ No Open sink „ No . — Rain and ? „ „ Under yard „ „ „ — — — aqueduct. Outer air „ „ „ Carried „ Yes Occasion- Open sink By hand Occasion- — - Tally, yes. ally, yes. „ „ ? ? Tank Under house „ No No Common „ Yes privy. it ป> >, ป „ „ H „ Open sink „ No „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried „ „ „ Yes „ „ Yes „ Rain and „ „ Tank „ „ Yes „ Common ? „ — — aqueduct. privy. " " " '• " " ". " I Common stair „ „ „ „ Under yard „ „ No „ „ No — — Outer air „ „ „ „ „ „ „ Yes Both „ Yes Common stair „ „ ? „ „ „ „ „ Open sink „ Outer air „ „ „ „ Under house „ No No Com. privy „ No - — Rain „ „ Carried No tank No „ „ None ' — „ Common stair Rain and „ „ Tank Under house Yes Yes Yes Common — „ " Bad „ „ „ „ „ „ hJotS' By hand Yes .. Rain Good „ „ Under room „ „ „ Open sink ? „ -— Outer air Aqueduct „ „ Carried No tank „ „ „ „ „ „ , Common stair Rain and „ „ Tank Under house „ „ „ Common „ — — M 4 I Table XVlll.— Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Deaths Town of Fatal Cases of Cholera. State ฆ Windows. -j State State State in w i 10 ther State StaU State general whether whichrioor the Walls, whether, at Name of Street, Court, whether any O fthe CeilingS)Or the Date state Place, &c, the gtreet j the Condition j Nuisances House the Floors of of Attack, State whether Date and or Court i Surface was of Street i were Patieut was the House the Inmates |No the Windows "Properly orCourt: com " attacked: were o f the Rooms | Age. Sex. of Number or Designation naved " ซ/i iป 'plained of "Basement," ซpi onn ป WArfi in open into Drained ' ' "Good, l „ ciean, were Death. of House or"Un- or "In- <, In . at or Ground 1 loor, , or "Not crowded," &c. Attack. '2nd Floor," &c. clean ป | or "both." __ - - , , YBo'Y 80' F. C August - St. Patrlaio, 14 - - Drained Macadam- Indifferent Yes Ground Floor j Clean Not crowded 1 Intomandeized. , razzio. 75 31. 15 „ „ „ „ „ ป ป " ป 1 8 „ 18 September ? 52 • „ „ ป 3rd Floor „ Crowded 1 Street 24 F. 22 ? - „ „ „ „ „ ป ป ป ป X ป 36 M. 25 „ - ? „ - „ „ „ ป ป ป ป X ป 60 F. 15 „ 63 - - „ No 2nd Floor „ Not crowded j 2 „ 3 M. 15 „ - „ „ „ „ „ ? Ground Floor „ Crowded | None — 5 n 17 „ „ „ „ „ ? ป ป ป ป " 10 F. 10 ? - „ ป Mezzanine „ „ 1 Yard 30 25 „ „ ,ป 2nd rioor ป Not crowded ! 2 Street 2_7_ h 17 „ - ? „ „ „ Ist Floor Indifferent „ 2 Yard 4 M. 29Auaust • Scaloni, 15 - Properly Bad Yes Mezzanine Not clean Crowded 2 Street paved. 10 „ 30 „ „ - - - „ „ „ „ • ปป ป ป a 3 F. 30 „ - - - „ „ „ ป ป ป ป 2 H 7 „ 16 • • - „ >, ป ป Ist Floor „ „ 1 Yard 70 22 is • .ป .ป ป 2nd Floor Clean Not crowded 1 ; , 23 M. 7 September Genio 19 • .ป Macadam- Indifferent „ Mezzanine „ „ 3 Street ized. 48 F. 7 August - „ 21 • - - >• ป ป " ป " " " 60 M. 9 „ ฆ Ton-e, 10 • ป Good ป ป " " X " 4 F. „ „ - St. Lucia, 1 Pr a?|d y N ฐ 3 ' „ 24 „ >, 67 • - M Macadam- „ Yes Ground Floor „ „ 2 ? 71 M. I 5 September Saluto, 12 • „ „ 2nd Floor „ ? 2 B8 V 6 .„,.••• „ „ 3rd Floor „ „ 2 Street and oo j.. o ? ป terrace. 13 M. 13 August ป ซ0 - „ „ No Mezzanine 38 „ 17 „ - Speroni, 1 ... ( }> yes ? ป ป 1 Street If F. 19 „ ฆ Irlandese, 16 • „ „ „ 2nd Floor „ ป 1 ป 50 M. 20 „ - Teatro, 21 • Properly Bad „ Ground Floor Not clean „ Terrace 65 „ 28 „ ฆ Felice, 12 ฆ V^ved. 2nd Floor Ciean „ 2 Street 1A , 13 September ? ป • • - „ „ - No 4th Floor „ „ 2 Yard 42 F. 29 August - Zaccaria, 42 • „ Good „ 3rd Floor „ ? Street 60 ? 2 September Scozzese,2D - „ „ „ Mezzanine „ Crowded 2 - 68 Mg 15 . Alessandro, 38 • „ „ Yes Basement Indifferent Not crowded None Street 15 „ 18 October - Seccorso.ll • ? Indifferent „ Ground Floor Not clean „ 2 67 F. 28 ? ฆ Cembalo, 14 „ „ Good „ „ Clean „ 6 S^Great iซ M "8 July - S. Patrinio, 60 - - „ Macadam- Indifferent „ „ Kept clean, „ Street w iv. -oซuijr but damp. 39 „ 9 August . Fontana,3l. - - „ Not paved Bad „ 2nd Floor Clean „ 1 Staircase 70 „ 21 „ - S.Nicola, 152 - „ Macadam- Good No Ist Floor „ „ 1 Yard 40 p. 24 „ - Britannica, 166 - - „ Indifferent Yes „ ป •> 1 Street 44 M. 11 September Reale,l9s . - - „ Unpaved Yard bad No Below the level Not clam „ 1 . Yard .1 i ! FLORIANA. 30 F. ,26 August - Conservatorio, 9 - - Drained Macadam- Good Occasion- Ist Floor Indifferent j Not crowded 2 Into yard 2 !26 ? 21 - - i/ ;? d< „ No' Mezzanine Clean „ 2 Street 22 ! „ 12 July - „ 04 - „ „ „ ป 3rd Floor „ „ 1 43 27 August - „ - ? ป ป Ground Floor „ ] Crowded 1 Into yard 68 I 2 „ - Miratore,l9 " - - ? ป ฃJ 2 " d Ploor - Not crowded 3 Strand joining oven where APPENDIX TO REPORT 91 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. from Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittorioaa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of IB6o— continued. Valetta — continued. Water Supply. Home Drainage. Doors : Oualitv ' An y Smell Nature Whether y J ซ,. : Whether from f Nuisance whether at the How Situation Whetlie v any open such Gulley ; OI Hฐป - „ . • Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink j Privy Privy is or Smell opening into a * ซ Drawn m*. m , any or at the Aocommo- su PP" ea arose Attack: ซ s - Water Tank: aj slnk in Time the ; A ™ mo ; with Remarks. "Common Whence "Good" Tank," or "Under House jthe Street, Patient was dation: j Water: from Stair." or into derived -Cta*ป M " ฐ V 3sป **ป."ซ Drains: C&t ortffer "^- | Pig" ฃ** denved - .. Muddy> ป ซm. "Carried," "House," „ close to any Dram Sink," or 'ฃy, Time of the ซWVa "Drawn ซ TTil d Pl . "Yes," the House opened ซ Common Hand, Attack . "Tasted Sll ffi o i e nt" from Under attacked:; within the ullu " i Not "Outer Air." badl „ sufficient - p;™^. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes,"J Room Privy," supplied." "Yes," or "No."! or House . &f , or "No." &c. J affected. | &c ' \ ฐ Outer air Aqueduct Good Sufficient Carried No tank Yes Yes Yes Common By hand Yes Common stair „ „ „ ? Under house ? ป ซ Both „ „ „ Outer air Aqueduct „ „ Carried Under house, „ „ Yes Open sink .. Yes withoutwater. . Yes ป .. Common stair ป >, •. >• ปฆ " Rain and „ „ Tank „ ? No No „ >• No Outer air Aquediict ?. „ Carried No tank ? ? Yes „ „ Under house >ฆ .• ป (empty). , CoiEinon stair .. .. .. .< No tank ... . TVo ? No None — — Outer air „ „ ป ป ป ly ' Rain and „ ? Tank Under room „ „ >. v By hand. Yes aqUedUCt . „ Under house Yes | , „ Common .. No " " " privy. Aqueduct „ ? Carried No tank „ „ ป ! Open sink ? Yes Rain and „ ? Tank Under house ? Yes Yes ? ? No aqueduct. . , „ „ ? Carried „ v ป >> ป ป " Rain Brackish „ Tank „ ป ป .. •ซ ฆ• Yt " ;s Common stair Rain and Good „ „ ป •• ป ป " ... . Yes Both ? Occasion- A lodging-house „ „ .. ป •ซ '• " ally, yc S . Outer air Rain ? „ ,• „ ซ No , Open sink „ Aqueduct „ ? No tank „ Yes Common stair Rain and „ „ Tank Under yard „ „ ? | Outer Mr T&Sb ? . No tank „ „ , Trapped .. No j Rain ' ? Tank Partly under , „ „ Open sink .. Yes Died at Noaซ Strnda MisidaJ m room \^noUii joircinr t4ira. n , . , j l. fnwipri "NTn tank ' .. ซ n Died at N0.39, Strada Reale, Common Stair Aqueduct „ „ Cained JNotanK „ „ „ Casal Birchircai-a. Yard(emtpy) „ No No ? •• i Occasion- Died at No. 17, Strada Spiri>• •' " " silly, yes. tosa, Casal Zurnco. Outer * Rain and . ( „ Tank Yard . Ye. Ye. | Trn^d No Die^at No^ |6, fl Strada S. , . 6^ .. „ ? Open sink .. Yes Went to St. George's Bay, Common state Rain „ „ .. ป whence he was conveyed to the central hospital. Common stair Fountain Good Sufficient Carried No tank Yes No Yes Open sink By hand Occasion- Aqueduct „ „ ? Under house — ป ? >ฆ m Yes the drain was Outer air Rain and „ .. „ Under house, - „ Yes aqueduct. water tasted ซ 92 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XVIII. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Deaths Town of j j 1 I T~ I Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. __ gtate State State in whother gtote j -H ... > n , State Stato general whether which Floor the Wall whet her,at Name ol Street, Court, , whntiiev .- any of the ซ ?. ? -r. State i whether Wictnei Sanitary any 01 uu, Ceilings, or the Date i3WILt Place, &c, ! lhe stl . eet the Con dition Nuisances Hoiise the V]om Qf of AUack) gtate whether Date and jor Court Surface was ofStrect were Patient was tlie House tllelumatc s the Windows _ , t, ฆ .ฆ was "Properly orCourt . com- attacked: „„ o f the Rooms Age. Sex. | of Mimber or Designation ...j^^,, paved) ป ( , in open into Death. of House |or w-ji^. or "In- ,< ln . at or "Ground Floor," (• Mezzanine ? Not crowded 1 Street 80 M. „ „ - Mercato, 4 - - - Undrained , . „ ? .. ป 2 j „ 8 F. 10 August - „ 5 - . - ! Drained i „ „ ? „ ป Crowded 1 36 „ 28 July - , „ 29 - - - , „ ? ป Yes „ „ Not crowded 2 j 3 IM. 4 August - 47 . - - ! „ ,ฆ ป No Ground Floor Indifferent \ % „ 1 46 ? 11 „ • ' ? 51- - - ~~ s — ป ป Mezzanine 1 Clean ? 2 „ 27 F. ฆ17 July - i GO - - - Drained Macadam- j ? „ „ „ ?3 ized. 34 M. 13 August - 1 St. Anna, 23 •> ป 2nd Floor „ „ 1 Into yard 36 F. 27 July ' „ 70 • ป ป ป ป Mezzanine „ ? 2 Street 63 „ 31 „ - ! - >, ? ป - ป >• ป 2 j ! I i 7 „ 21 August - I „ 72 - i ป -•> ป lst Floor ป " - 9 „ 21 July - Botanico, 27 - - ; •• ~ ป I ป Above c Indiflfcrent ? 1 j ground. * 36 M. 24 „ - SanTommnso 31- -j •• ป ป Yea 2nd Floor Not clean 48 F. 3 August - , 60- - \ Macadam- 1 „ „ „ Clean „ 2 ized. 3 „ i 5 - 101 - - •' " " No Ground Floor „ ? 1 45 „ 20 July - gan rranC esco, 25 - - i " " Ye ' A 2nd Floor Not clean | Cl 'owded 1 Yard 18 M. 11 August - v . ; ป ฆ> .• >• , •' ป ] I^. 31 - ! ?( ) ? ? ? „ „ Clean Not crowded 1 Street 11 9 „ - „ 13 - - ?. „ „ „ Mezzaniue „ ? S 23 F. 5 ? - ' ป ** " " .. ป <> No ป ' Not clean ! ? 1 1 I ! 44 „ 1 September i „ W ฆ ฆ „ „ j „ Tea „ Clean ? 3 15 M. 28 July -! „ 61 - - ! „ „ ? No „ | Not clean j „ 2 43 „ 2S .. - j Capuccini, 21 - -, „ „ „ Clean „ 3 Into yard 34 F. 113 August - j „ 30 - - ! „ „ „ Tes 2nd Floor „ „ 2 Street 36 M. 27 July - „ 90 - - ! j „ „ 3rd Floor „ „ - II . \ * 70 F. 9 August - Leone, 30 - - - I „ ? ป •ฆ 4th Floor „ „ 1 78 M. 14 „ - „ „ ฆ - •• -. .. ป 3rd Floor ? „ 1 ye v ป . jfcs - - - I „ „ No Ground Floor „ „ 1 ? 42 M. 10 ? -l Magazzeni, 62 - - ? „ „ . 3rd Floor „ „ 2 Into yard 19 F 14 -„„--„ ? ? — 2nd Floor „ „ 1 Street I j I i j. jj^ 12 - : „ „ ? Tes Ground Floor Indifferent ! 1 Into yard j I 51 p. „ „ - I Giardino, ii „ „ „ Basement Clean „ 1 Street 33 „ l September Btretts.2o - „ ? Indifferent No Mezzanine „ ? 1 g3 2 - SO • ป ฆ. ฆ. •> Ground Floor Indifferent | ? 1 78 M. 28 August - „ to - ? „ „ „ „ Not clean ! ? None 53 iF.I 18 September j Nuova, 7 - • - | „ Good „ 2nd Floor Clean „ 4 Street 45 ?23 „ • Piazza 1^ป83, ii - - ... „ „ Mezzanine „ „ 1 „ jj 17 - 17 - -I „ Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 „ 53 F. 13 August - Piazza Mutfgiore, 40 - „ Unpaved „ „ 2nd Floor dean Not crowded 1 Yard SENGLEA. 9 IAT 81 August - !*Della Marina, 53 - -, Drained Macadam- Good No Mezzanine Clean Not crowded 2 Yard and dock- I . ji. oiau c u!> . z(jd yard creek. U F. 28 July 90 - -! ? v „ .ป ป - ป 2 Wharf sn 29 August - Delia Pmita, <\ - ป Properly ? „ 3rd Floor 1 Street ov ! " . ->aved. 93 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. from Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of 1865 Floriana — continued. ฆcontinued, Water Supply. House Drainage. ; Doors : Quality Any Smell Nature Whether j whether at the How Situation Whetner any^pen suchGulley of How Nuisance . .. Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell opemngxntoa ฆ P^gt any Accommo . suppW arose " Common Whence " Good," Tank," or " Under House the Street Patient was dation : Water : from mjiaiaซiuj. Stair/o r Into derived "Clear," <*ปVซ Jtan om/ , or rtj-ggd^ <v ฆ kMU \ Tasted sufficient." from 'Under ' attacked : within the Common: ซ N t Attack. "Outer Air. badly," ' Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes,' *c | ! ' ฐ r " N0 " "afffcteT &c -*c- I, OT "^" i I Outer air. Rain and Good Sufficient Tank Yes Yes No No Open sink By hand No aqueduct. _ , Under house . ? „ Trapped „ ? privy. Carried No tank • .. - •• Open sink „ „, ; „ „ ? .. Tank Under house „ ฆฆ ป •> •• ป Rain ? ? Carried No tank .. ? .. >• ฆ• Occasionally, yes. Aqueduct ? .. Tank Under house ? .. .. Trapped „ No privy. j Carried No tank ? .. | „ Cesspool „ „ Rain and „ „ Tank Under house ? .. ป Open sink ? Occasion- aqueduct. all^ye฿, Aqueduct ? „ „ ? .. •ฆ •> | ป ป Occasion- ally, yes. „ Rain and „ .. ป •• ฆ• •• ป ซ ฆ> ป aqueduct. j „ „ Aqueduct .. .. ? — •• •• Com. privy .. No I i trapped. Rain and „ ? ? Under house Yea .. .. Open sink „ Yes ฆ aqueduct. _ , „ .. •• •• ฆ• ii Occasion- ally, yes. ? .. .. ? ... „ „ „ „ Died at No. 68, Strada Miratore. No „ Aqueduct ? ? Carried No tank ? .. ? ? ? „ ฆ ! Common stair „ ? ป .. •• ปป !• •• •• >> Yes Outer air „ >ป <> ป ป ฆ• •• •• ป ป ป — I I Common stair „ ? ป ? •> ป ป ป ป ป j Outer air „ ป ? ? | Under house Rain and .. .. Tank | ? ? „ .. ? ซ Occasionaqueduct, ally yes. Yes Aqueduct „ .. CaiTied Water tasted .. ? „ „ ? badly. Rain and „ .. Tank Under house .. ? „ „ „ No aqueduct. „ „ ? Under yard ? „ „ „ ? Occasion- ally yes. Common stair Rain ? „ ? ? ? i ปป >• ป ซ Yes „ Rain and „ .. ? .. ป ป .. ป .. aqueduct. • Outer air Aqueduct „ .. „ Under house .. „ .. „ „ „ „ ? ? ? Under Yard „ „ „ Trapped „ No privy. „ Rain and ? „ ? .. .. ;• .. ป ป ? — - aqueduct. . „ ? „ Under room j „ „ „ Open sink „ „ Aqueduct „ ? i Carried No tank „ Yes Yes „ „ Yes Rain and „ ? „ Under house ? No No „ „ „ - — aqueduct. Water tasted „ .. „ ii ป. ป ii .1 5> Occasionally yes. „ „ „ ? No tank No ? „ ? „ No Common stair Rain „ ? Tank Under house Yes ? „ „ „ Occasionally yes. Outer air Rain and „ ? „ „ .. .. •> ? M No aqueduct. „ „ H ? .. ii No „ „ None — — Rain „ ? H Under yard Yes Gulley in Occasion- Trapped By hand. No Died at No. 5, Strada Dietro the street, ally yes. privy. il convento Vittoriosa. Outer air Aqueduct Good Sufficient Carried Tank, water Yes No No Sink By hand No — . tasted badly. „ „ ,i ii ii None .. „ „ „ „ Occasion- . tt 3 v ally, yes. „ „ ? .• ,i Underhouse, „ „ „ „ „ „ — empty. N2 94 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XVIII. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Deaths Town of Fatal Cases of Cholera. gtate Windows. _____ gtate state State in wh ether State State State general whether which Floor the WallSj whet her,at Nome of Street, Court, whether whethev Sanitary any ofthe Ceilings, or the Date State „ . the Street the Condition Nuisances House the FloorBof of Attack , State whether Date ' or Court Surface was ofStreet were Patient was the House thelnmaies the Windows . L , ป"d was "Properly orCourt: com- attacked: were ofthe Rooms Age. feex. or _, lmved." ,< n m plained of " Basement," ซ mซปซr. ป w*™* in open into Number or Designation "Drained" imv฿i mvBU > "Good/ v Clean, were *~ Death. or"Un- 01 "' In - "I"- at or " Ground Floor ' "In- "Crowded," affected a "Street," ofHouseattacked. ; diffemit/ , before the „ Mezzanine/ , or"Bad." 0r ,. 8ad .ป Timeof "IstFloor," or< &c . R ฐฐ m - Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. c i ean .ป or "both." j " j !~~ j Yrs. 1865. 42 F. i2O August - Delia Punta 18 - - Drained Properly j Good No Mezzanine Clean Not crowded None ~ paved. | , .. 2 M. 18 „ „ 19 - „ „ ? n „ ป „ 1 Street 37 P. 12 „ - 22 „ „ „ .. Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 „ 67 29 33 - „ „ ป ? ป ป. n 2 67 „ 25 64 - .-, „ ปป i Indifferent „ 1 Yard 50 „ 29 „ - „ 71 b - - „ .-, „ Mezzanine Clean „ 1 Street 2 M. 31 July - 79 - „ „ „ IstFloor „ „ 1 50 F. 1 August - Crosiflsso, 40 „ Macadam- „ „ „ ป ป 1 ป ized. 5 M. 9 „ „ 17 „ „ Indifferent I „ „ „ ? ,ป 8 F. 11 „ - „ - - „ v „ >, ? ป ป 1 Yard 36 4, 55 „ „ Good „ „ „ „ 1 Street 29 M. 4 September 63 ? „ ? Yes 2nd Floor „ „ 1 Yard 42 F. 29 August - St. Guiseppe, 19 - - „ „ ? „ ? Indifferent „ 2 Street 40 „ „ „ - 39 - „ ? >. No „ Clean „ 2 Yard 60 „ 28 „ - „ 191 „ „ ป ป Ground Floor „ „ 1 Street 77 3 • Delia Macina, 16 - „ ป ป IstFloor „ „ 1 Yard I 65 M. „ „ - ? „ - - „ ? ป ป >, ป w 1 57 F. „ „ - San Francesco, 1 - - ป Paved „ Yes „ „ ? 2 Street 3 ?5 September St. Angelo 24 .ป Macadam- „ No Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 Yard ized. 73 M. 4 August ฆ 39 . . „ „ „ „ Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 „ 26 F. 7 „ - 39 „ ? ป n 2nd Floor „ „ 1 „ 72 M. 13 ? - „ 51 — — — — — - 40 F. 26 54 - . Drained Macadam- Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Street ized. 58 11. 8 ซ - San Giuliano, 22 - ป ป ป ป ป ป ป 2 F. 17 September „ 81 •ฆ ~" """""" ~ "" ~" ~ 56 „ 9 „ - Del฿astioni, 3 - - ~ — _ _ _ _ — — 23 „ 26 August • 50 - - Drained Macadam- Good No Mezzanine Clean Not crowded 1 Street ized. 85 M. 4 September n „ „ „ „ „ ป .ป 1 >. 8 „ 9 August - 68 --.ป ป ป Yes IstFloor „ „ 2 52 P. 31 „ - 69 - - ป ป ป ปป 2nd Floor „ „ 1 Yard 27 „ 23 September 72 - - ป ป ป ป Mezzanine „ „ 1 Street 3 „ 21 „ „ . ? ป , ? ii ป ป 1 17 M. 11 August - Santa Cattarina, 14 - .. Properly „ No IstFloor „ „ 2 paved. 49 F. 13 „ - st, Anna, 5 - - - -ป Indifferent „ „ „ ? „ 1 40 16 ? - Del Grcgale, 33 - ป> Bad Indifferent „ Ground Floor Not clean „ 2 Street and 6 24 16 - ป " Yes „ ? Crowded 1 Yard 4 a 15 ? . sirena, 1 Unpaved „ No IstFloor Clean Not crowded 2 Street 98 M. 29 „ - ii ... „ Macadam- „ „ 3rdlloor „ „ 3 „ ized. 12 „ 5 September „ 14 - . . „ ป ป ป IstFloor „ „ 1 4 0 y. 17 41 Unpaved Good „ Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded 1 „ 11 „ 23 - „ „ ? M ป ป ป ป 1 15 M. 24 • „ - - - „ ? „ ป ป ป ป 1 50 F 4 „ • 66 - - - I „ Macadam- „ „ ? Clean Not crowded 3 Creek i ized. 16 " „ 13 „ - „ ป • 40 M. 16 August - Due Porte, 155 „ ? ? ป IstFloor „ „ 2 Street 28 F. 4 September „ 218 - „ „ .. Ground Floor „ „ 2 10 M. 31 August - „ 222 ฆ „ „ ป Mezzanine „ Crowded 2 7 10 September „ 247 „ „ ? ป Ground Floor „ Not crowded 1 „ 68 8 „ 154 • „ „ Yes „ „ „ 1 55 y 29 - >< 279 - ป ป Mezzanine „ Crowded 1 „ from Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of 1 860— continued. Senglea — continued. Water Supply. Hollse D™taปge. ฆฆ ~T~ ~ "~" "l ' "i " ~ ! : ! Doors : Quality A "V &mfkli Nature | i Whether i ฃ!•+*• Whether' from of Nuisaneej whether !at the How , Situation : whetllCl . any open such Gulloy ฐ. How. •I i Time of Quantity: obtained: of ! GFulley or Sink Privy A^lMI opening into a . , " Drawn Vl m , ; any or at the i i mmmo . supplied [ avosc i Attack: „„„ f™™ 1 j Water Tank: j ' l "-> I Sink in Time the ! Accouimo with R,K MARKS. "Common whence I "Good," Tank," or! "Under House the Street; Patient was dfttion: .Water:, Horn , v a 1 or , attacked v , <• By i p,. jvv at Stair," or into derived I "Clear," "lent, 01 Boom," or Drains: Court or whether ฐ^ n ; P pc," .. "Muddy," "In- "Carried,": "House," close to , any Dram Sink," or I "By i Time of the I / I "Drawn 1 ซ T tซ^ซ ''Yes," jtheHousei opened "Common! ] tv l(l l Attack: i "Tasted Sllfflcient ป ! from : Under attacked:, within the tommo " "Not „ "Outer Air." badly," ' Pipe,"&cJ Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," ; Room Privy," supplied. | 'lcs, or "No."! or House c. p #„ or "No" &c. I affected. ic> * c - j — _ — ฆ — — 1 Outer air Aqueduct Good Sufficient | Carried i Yard, empty | Yes No No Sink By hand Occasion- H 5. ป v House, emptyj „ ป. ปป •ป " " „ „ „ „ i Adjoining „ >; ป •ฆ " I house, empty. _ _ Rain „ „ Tank Under house „ Yes les „ " „ „ Aqueduct „ „ Can-ied Taukentmnce „ No No „ Adjoining „ „ ? ป ป ffi^l — " house. , a >' /. i House, empty „ „ Yes „ „ Yes Rain „ M Tank Yard „ „ No Aqueduct „ „ j Carried House, empty „ Yes „ ? ป „ „ „ Tank, en- „ No .., „ ป () ; trance, empty. , ! Tank under „ >. ? Cesspool „ Rain I „ WBSSS- . ฆ Yes Sink „ Yes j house. T Wn Tank Yard „ ป No „ .. No „ „ „ Entrance „ „ ป >> >> cs „ Tasted „ „ House, empty „ „ ? ป ป ป badly. f I " „ Aqueduct Good „ Carried t, ฆ m- n b Vnvii .. •• Occasion- 1 Ram „ „ Tank Yaid „ „ .ป | ป ally, yes. | Common stair Aqueduct „ ' " Under house _ _ __ _ _ — — ! Attacked at the Ospizio, Flo— riana. Outer air Aqueduct Good Sufficient Carried Street Yes No No Sink By hand Ocewfon. „ „ „ Under „ „ ป ป ป " _. _ ._ — -- i Attacked at No. StMda, — ~ " j S. Guiseppe, Valetta. Outer air Aqueduct Good Sufficient Carried None Yes No No Sink By hand OOTBjton. Tank under „ Yes Yes „ ,t Yes house, empty. Common stair Rain „ „ Tank Yard Outer air Aqueduct „ „ ป Under house, „ „ , Cmimion „ No empty. P llv y,. (trapped). Rain „ „ „ Under house „ No No Sink „ Sjy^J'j Acmeduct „ „ Carried Entrance, tasted badly- Common stair „ ป .. Tank Room Outer air Rain „ „ „ Yard Aqueduct „ I „ Carried Tank under „ , ป >• .. >ป ป house.empty. Rain „ „ Tank Adjoining I „ ies „ „ , ซo room. Carried None No No „ None Tank Yard Yes Yes , Common By hand No | " P^rivy „ „ „ „ Under house „ „ Yes Sink „ ? j „ „ „ Carried No tank ป .ป ป ป ป ป Common stair Aqueduct „ „ Tank Yard, empty „ „ „ ป ป cs j i Outer air Rain „ „ ? Under room „ „ „ Under house „ ? „ >, ป Xo N 3 95 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 96 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XVIII. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Deaths Town of Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. State State State in whether gtate v nf^roPt o- lllt - " IIIUOWS A g e. S e,. or ป^..ซ-ป , „ซ,. 5? 75?' LS- —^ 'I. S, . ""T" '" ฐ— Death. of House or ซ Un . or "In- ,. In . j at or "Ground Floor," ,, &c . R ฐฐ m ' Comt ' Attack. ; " 2nd Floor," &c. c i ean ป ov"both." ___._„ L i j J I Yrs. 1865. I ' 65 F. 17 August - DelP Orotorio, 14 - - Drained Macada- Good No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Street mized. " 76 „ 28 „ „ 22 - - „ „ ? ? ? Indifferent ? 1 Yard I I 2 M. 17 „ • j „ 28 - - .. „ „ „ „ „ „ 2 Street-yard 6 „ 22 „ - Sau Lorenzo, 01 - • .. Badly „ „ . Mezzanine Glenn ? l Street paved. 2 „ 23 „ - Porto Salvo, 7 ? Macadam- ? ? Ist Floor ? „ | 2 Terrace ized. 2 F. 1 September „ 84 - .. „ „ Yes -2nd Floor ? ? 2 Street ! 60 M. 24. „ - St. Ursola, 10 - „ Bad I Indifferent No ป .. .. 1 Yard 45 F. 31 August -'' San Filippo, 24 - „ ? „ ? IstFloor .. ? I Street ! ; j VITTORIOSA. 40 F. 14 August - Del Quartiere, 1 - • i Drained Properly Good Yes Mezzanine Clean Not crowded I Street I paved. 27 „ 6 3 - • ; >• ? ? Ground Floor Indifferent! ? 1 Yard 54 „ 11 , 23 - - ป Macadam- „ „ Mezzanine .. ? i Street ized. |50 M. 20 July - ? 29 - ป .ป ? Ist Flour „ ฆ Crowded 1 „ [j 9 F. 80 August - . 41 . - ฆ. Properly Indifferent „ Ground Floor j „ 1 „ paved. 59 „ 25 July - San Giorgio, 10 - - Paved „ No Mezzanine Clean Not crowded l „ | 4 M. 7 August - „ 13 - - - >. i. •. Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded :i „ 33 „ 9 „ , - | •• , ? , - .. .. 8 !. 18 F. 27 16 - •ฆ ป> .ป — Ist Floor |ป „ Not crowded •> Yard terrace 3 „ 31 M " „ 18 •> ป ป •> Clean ? •> Street tli I ฆ i L4O M. 27 July - 20 .... „ „ Occasion- „ „ ? 2 Street terrace ally, yes. 26 „ 10 August - San Lorenzo, 1 - - •• Properly Good No Ground Floor „ „ i Facing Bighi . paved |21 F. 15 ? ...... „ „ „ .. „ ? 1 : 35 „ 5 „ „ a ป " " Vt ' s Lsl V^'Mi- ? „ 1 Street I | M. 24 September ? 22 - - ป >< ป .• Crowded 2 Garden yard 3 F. 25 „ - " ฆ• " ' •> ป ? i. .. .. Not crowded i 2 „ 11 „ 2 August - ป 1J " — ? ;Ji'd Floor Not clean „ ;! Street 20 „ 24 Septeml)er ? 63 - - j Drained Properly Good Mezzanine Clean „ l „ ฆ paved. 26 M. 18 August - " 72 - - „ v M Yes 2nd Floor „ „ i „ 10 M „ >• " '• " . ป • .. „ ป Ist Floor ? ? 2 „ I I 10 „ ? .. - - ' •• ป ป .. ป ป 2 44 F. 12 „ • „ 73 - -i ? „ M Yes Ground Floor Not clean Crowded l „ (j „ 15 „ - >• 74 - - „ v n H ii 6 t Floor Clean Not crowded 1 „ 43 „ 10 „ - i, 98 - - .. „ „ „ Ground Floor „ „ 1 „ 11 M. 1 September -. 102 - „ Paved „ „ Ist Floor „ ? 1 Yard ! I 37 „ 30 ? - .• 108 - - ? I Properly „ „ ? ? „ 2 „ paved. 3 F. 11 v • NttOVlli 7 - - - ? I Macadam- Indifferent — Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 Street izedtg „ 12 August .„ 8 ---? „ „ Occasion- „ „ „ l Yard ally, yes. 124 „8 „ -„28 - - -: „ „ Good No Terrace Clean Not crowded 1 Ton-ace 8 ' Mr 8 ป - „ 30 - - ป .. „ „ Yes 2nd Floor „ „ l Street 3 n li „ - Palazzo del Vescovo, 1 - ? „ „ No Ist Floor „ „ l Yard gg F. 2 „ - .. 12 - i ? „ „ „ Ground Floor Not clean ? 2 „ 17 „ 4 „ - .. - : .. „ ฆ• Terrace Clean ? 2 „ 21 „ 5 „ „ ? - •• „ „ „ •• , v 2 5 M. 4 „ - j ฆ• ป • ซ .ฆ m ป Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 66 F. 23 „ .. 13 - ? „ „ Yes „ Indifferent Not crowded 1 Street 48 „ 15 „ - Santa Scolastica, 3 - - ! „ „ No ? Clean „ 1 „ ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 97 from Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of 1860 — continued. Henglea — continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. ฆI I I I I DOOTB : Quality Any Smell Nature Whether i whether I ' at the j How Situation I j^^ SSIS suchGhUl J of How Nuisance . . , Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink \ Privy Privy is or Smell Tr g : Attack: I .. Suffl . "g™ Water Tank: ซ* sil ฃ in Al X™" IteMAEKB Common Whence '"Good," 1 Tank," or! "Under House the Street Patient was dation : Water: from I Stair," or into I rterived . \ "Clear," ci^<" OT m | Room," or Drains: c^t oSt| "ฐ*>™ N& Pl^ "* "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of ซm 4-* a "Drawn wrr*.,*.™ ; "Yes," the House opened ฆ ซ rซ m , lvnf)n Hand, Attacki .. „ ; "Tasted sufflpicnt .ป f rom Undel attacked: within the <- ommon "Not AltacK • i "Outer Air. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room J Privy," supplied." "Yes," t n or " T ฐ-" or House 1 ซ. ?.„ or ซ -v- o ป &c. affected. | &c> &c - or JNO< Outer Mr Aqueduct i Brackish Sufficient j Carried None Yes No No Sink By hand Yes Common stair Rain ! Good .. | Tank Under „ „ „ ป ป ซ entrance. Outer air ? ป ? Carried None No „ I ป None — —— I Aqueduct ? •„ ? House, empty Yes Yes Yes Sink By hand Occasion- ally, yes. Common stair ? ? .. ? . Yard, empty ; ? No No „ „ *es Outer air ? „ „ ป House, empty „ ? „ „ >, ?u^}ฐl l " Eain „ .. Tank Under yard „ Yes Yes Trapped „ No I privy near room. ! Common stair ? „ ? >. Yard „ No No Sink „ Occasion- till J t CSj* ! I I 1 I I i Outer air Rain ; Good I Sufficient j Tank ! House Tics No Xo Sink By hand Yes : Common stair „ „ m ปป Yard , Yes Yes „ „ „ Outer air ? ? „ j Carried None „ „ „ „ „ gg^' ] Common stair j ? ? ? .. Under house J „ „ „ Sink proper „ Yes Outer air „ ? „ .. > T one „ „ „ Sink „ „ j Aqueduct ? „ ? Tank under I ? No No „ „ „ house. Rain 1, ! 1. i Tank I Under house j „ „ „ „ ? ? I ' ! I 1 „ Yard „ ? ? ? ? Occasion- ! ally. yes. ! ; Aqueduct .. ? Carried Tank under ! „ „ „ ? „ No — — house. Common stair Rain „ „ Tank Yard „ ? ? j „ „ Yes I I 1 Outer air „ ? ? ป Outside No | „ „ None — ~ „ ? „ ป ป ;ป lE y hand Yes _ ? Carried T;mk Yes „ Yes Common „ „ privy. Common stair Aqueduct „ ? „ ! Tank under j „ Yes „ Sink „ „ ฆ house (water | j brackish) . 1 Outer air — ? j .. ป •• ป >> ป ป •> ฆ' No No ? „ Occasion- ally, yes. Bain „ „ Tank I Under house ' „ Yes Yes „ „ Yes „ j ? ? Carried — „ „ ' „ „ „ „ „ Tank Under house ? ? „ „ ? No Carried Tank „ „ „ „ „ Yes I Vaueduct i „ .. „ 'ฆ Under house : .. No No „ „ Occasion- (water tasted ; I ally, yes. „ „ Tank j Under yard j „ Yes Yes Trapped „ Rain „ ? Carried None „ Sink By hand „ ! I Common stair „ „ •> Tank Yard Yes Yes „ „ „ „ ฆ— Outer air . ? •• •ป House „ No No Com. privy „ No trapped. Aqueduct | ? ? Camed Tank .. ? „ Sink By hand No Rain „ „ Tank Yard ? „ ? Open sink „ „ Common stair „ „ „ >• Under house | „ Yes Occasion- j .., „ (Occasion- ally, yes. [ ally, yes. ป.ปป " " " I Outer air j Aqueduct „ „ Carried No tank „ „ „ „ „ Yes ? „ „ i Tank, under ? „ Yes Sink — No — " I I house, empty ฆ ! ; ! N 4 TABLE XVlll.— Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Deaths Town of Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. State St(lte State in whe ther State State Btftte general whether which Floor the Walls whether, at NameofStreet )C ouvt ( J^ whether any ofthe Qmm^ theDatc State Place, &c, the Street the Condition Nuisances House the Floors of o f Attack, State whether Date and or Court Surface was ofSt reet were Patient was the House the Inmates No the Windows "Properly orCour t. com - attacked: were o f the Rooms Age. Sex. of Number or Designation ..j^.^,, pave d,ป ,, were in open into Deatli. of House I ol .ซ Un ' or "In- ซ In .' a* or "Ground Floor," ? In . "Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked. drained." different," different> , before the "Mezzamne" different >, .. Not .^^ or " Bad." op ซ Bad .. Time of 'Ist Floor, 01 . ซ Not Clw( i e d," &c Attack. '2nd Floor," &c. clean ,ป or "both." I la" F. 15 September Santa Scolastica 10 - Drained | Macada- Good Ist Floor Clean | Not crowded 2 Street mized. ? 20 „ 14 .. - „ „ - „ „ - - '• " " ฆ 8| „ 12 „ 15 „ ? .. No „ „ Crowded 1 4 „ 24 August - 31 ,< .. ~ Ground Floor ? Not crowded 1 CO M. 4 „ - .. 49 - - Ve * Mezzanine „ „ 2 21 „ 16 September ? ? - ? ~" " " " " " 20 !F. 16 „ 57 .. v Good ~ lst l^ oor " " 2 " 27 M. 20 - 61 - .. .. ป — 2nd Floor „ ? 8 Garden 32 j f ie 02 ? .) No Ground Floor „ „ 1 •> a tvt ? ป Indifferent ?. 1 „ * I*l. „„-,.... .ป m 7 F. „ „ - .... 5 M. 17 „ - ? ป ป " " " " " l 10 oft „ lst Floor Clean „ 1 Street I 42 F. 19 „ - ; ? .. - ? •• >• " 'ฆ " " 1 27 .; ฆ. • .. ; - - - - - •• i - " % % 63 „ 5 August - „ 71 - ? ป - Occasion- 2nd Floor „ „ 1 any, ,> es, 4 „ 19 September ; „ 78 - ; ซ - >ฆ es Mezzanine „ „ 1 60 M. 10 August - J Miratore. 18 .. j Indifferent. „ No 7 F. 19 September ? 42 ป Macadn- ป „ Ground Floor „ „ 1 mized. o 52 „ 30 ? - Mandemzzio,a - - ? Properly Indiffcrent.j „ „ Not clean J „ .II. II 1| „ 17 August .| ? 17 - -? P T' „ , ป Not clean | „ 2 Yard 35 M. 23 September „ 84 . „ ป ป ป Clean, damp| „ 1 48 F 10 August - 43 " Mezzanine Clean „ 3 Street, Terrace 3 - 18 51 - - - Gooli - " Ground Floor „ „ 1 Street 75 29 „• 59 .... „ Indifferent ? ? Not clean j 8i „ 13 „ - Piazza Vittoria, 3 - - >ฆ Macadam- Good „ „ Clean „ - r/.ed. > 7 „ 2 September - Dietro il Convento 3i M. 6 25 F x . ? Drained I Macadnm- Indifferent No lst Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Street " ized. 53 „ 13 August - ? 5 . ? Bad Bad „ M 21 m . 31 j Properly Good No Mezzanine Not clean Not crowded 1 Street 5 27 Dietro In Prigione, 17 - Indifferent „ Yes Ground Floor • ? Crowded Yard 70 F. 6 September - .. 19 - ? ' Mflfl^JUn- .. No i Indifferent „ Street n ? ...j.-.f .. .21 „ „ .. Clean Not crowded! 1 Yard - **, t- S5 - — ป Indifferent ? 2 Street 0 ill. 10 j. • IJ •' 6i6 i 15 . Lovante, 11 • j Properly „ No Ist Floor Clean ** nfi ved " or '^ m Room ," or Drains : Co ฐ u r rt 0?Jj&0 ?Jj& "ฐP en pS Priv y at ! "Muddy," " In- "Carried," " House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of the "Drawn KT t j "Yes," the House opened ซr nm mnn Hand, A+tnnt"Tasted sufflcient .>. from Under attacked : within the Common "Not Attack ฆ "Outer Air. badly" Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," | Room Privy," supplied." "Yes," &c' or "No." orHfouse &C- &c> or "No." Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Yard, empty Yes No No Sink By hand Occasioni tiiiyj j cs. „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried Tank, under „ ป .ป .ป ป ป Common stair „ ? „ Tank ฐ" Yard „ „ ป Sink, yard Outer air Rain „ „ „ Under house „ Yes Yes Sink „ Yes „ Aqueduct „ ? Carried Yard, empty „ ? „ ป ป ป Rain „ „ „ Under house, „ „ ป ป ป ฐ^}y^". „ „ Tank Yard „ Yes Yes „ „ „ „ Aqueduct ? .. Carried Under, near „ ปป ป ป ป Yes Rain „ „ Tank Under „ No ? ป ป OฉBaซion- „ Aqueduct „ .. Carried None No „ No None — Rain ? Tank Street Yes „ Yes Sink By hand Occasion- Common stair „ „ „ „ Yard ป .. ' No Sink yard „ Yes Outer air „ „ „ „ Under house ป ป ? ป ป ally 1 yes" „ Aqueduct ป ป Carried. No tank „ Yes Yes v ป ,> „ Rain ? ป Tank Entrance >. ป ป ป ป ป Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Under house Yes No No Sink By hand Occasionj Hilly, yes. _ ___-_—— — —ฆ—— Attacked at No. 40, Piazza Mnggiore, Floriana. Outer air Rซin Good Sufficient Tank Under house Yes No No Sink By hand Occasion- Common stair „ „ ? „ .. ป Yes Yes „ „ Yes Outer air Aqueduct ป ? Carried „ ป No No „ „ ป ? „ „ Empty, no ฆป — ป ป ป / tank. n . Tank Under house „ No No „ - Occasion- " " ally, yes. Rain „ „ „ Yard „ ป ป .. By hand „ „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried None ? >• ,• Cesspool „ ? „ Rain „ „ Tank Yarl ? ป ป Sink „ Yes Passage „ ? >. ป •• Occasion- " " " ally, yes. Common stair Aqueduct „ ? Carried Tank, yard ? Yes Yes „ .. Yes Outer air Rain „ „ Tank Under house „ No No „ „ „ Yard ป .. ? ป ป No „ „ „ „ „ Under house ป ป ? ป ป - Common stair Aqueduct „ >, Carried „ >, ป. „ ป ป Yes Outer air Rain ? „ Tank Behind house ? Vps Yes „ ? „ „ ? ป .. ป ป. ป " Yard „ „ „ ? „ No j Aqueduct „ „ Carried Tank under „ No No Sink prop. „ Occasion-; house (bad ally, yes. ! water). I 19034. O A i i Table XVIII. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Crvil Population where Deaths Town of Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Window*. _ state State State in whether gtftte State SlilU; general whetllcr *Mch Floor the Walls, whether, at Name of Street, Court. J^ vhelLer !iliy ofthe CcilingS)Or the Date State Place, &c. the฿treet the Condition * Ilisa ป ces i House the Floors of of Attack , stftte whether Date and or Court BซrfaoewM ofStrec t were | ™™*V* the House the Inmates No the windows was "Properly or Court : com - attacked. wero ofthe฿ooms J Age. Bes. of Numlier or Designation ..j^^^,, pa ved," ซ G ood," Pl^ed of j " Basement," .< clean ป were in open into Death. of House or"Un-' or "In- ซ lv .' at or j"Ground Floor," ซ In . "Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked. drained." different," differeut/ . before th G] ''Me^amne/' different/ , ,, Not or " Bad." 01 . ซ Bad .-> I Time of j Ist Floor," or „ Not crowded> .ป &c . Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. e ] ean ป or "' both." 35 S ' M. 18 September j Britaunicn, 16 - - ; Drained 1 Macadam- Good Yes Ist Floor Clean Not crowded | 3 Street 82 „ 11 October - j „ 25 - - I „ ? ฆ• ป Indifferent „ 1 Street 3 M. 22 August - „ 58 .. •• ซ Cle!Ul •• x 64 F. 19 September St. Antonio, 1 - ! Properly Bad No Mezzanine „ Crowded 1 paved. 82 „ 26 August - „ 26 - ฆ .. ซ Indifferent — Ist Floor .. .. 1 18 M. ฆ ป 47 - - j ( v v Yes „ .. ? Door Yard 38 F. 24 „ - " IOS ฆ " „ ? ป No .. „ „ 1 6 p. 31 B . Portu Maggiore, 68 - Macadam- Good ? „ „ Not crowded j 1 Street 9 5 October - ฎ an Filippo, 16 - • Indifferent „ .. Indifferent Crowded ! 1 Ten-ace 74 M. 6 „ - ป ~" " ? ป >> Mezzanine „ Not crowded 1 Street 29 „ 9 September - •> M ฆ" j ? Good „ ? Clean „ 2 Street, yard j I 35 F. 8 „ - I ซ 5I " i ป Indifferent „ Ist Floor .. „ 1 Street 40 „ 29 October - ป 03 - - „ Bad Bad ? | Ground Floor ? ? 1 Yard 17 ?1 „ • Alessandria, 86 - - Macadam- Indifferent „ Ist Floor Indifferent j „ 2 Street I CALCARA. 21 M 21 August - , Renella, 24 F. - ฆ I Undrained Macadam- Good Occasion- Mezzanine Clean Not crowded 1 Street ized. ally, yes. 33 F. 15 September I Molo, 4 „ „ No Ist Floor „ „ 1 72 M. 27 August - i „42 - - - „ „ „ Yes Terrace — 54, F. 9 „ • I Renella, 0 - - - i „ ? ... Ist Floor Clean j Not crowded 2 Street I * COSPICUA (Burmoln). 78 M. jlO July - San Michel. 17 - - Drained Properly Good Yes Ground Floor Clean 'Not crowded 2 Street, yard t -j|\ "pt -JO . ซ ' ? ? }) |f m ft 2 23 2ti - ? ? •ป ป Indifferent I „ 1 Yard 7 28 ii •• Bad Bad „ ป Not clean Crowded 1 „ 3 „ 7 August - „.,--„ „ >• v •• ป ป " 19 M. 30 July 126 - - — — — "" G F. 20 August - 168 - - ! Drained j Bad Bad No Ground Floor Clean Nofc crowded 2 Into open air j I 75 M. 21 July 169 — — — A 9Q . San Marco 24 - - Drained Properly Good Occasion- Ist Floor Indifferent Not crowded 1 Street paved. iilly, yes. 81 M is „ . n 3fl . ! ? Indifferent Yes .. Cleau j Crowded 3 20 „ 25 ? - St. Elena, 23 - - „ •> Good ? Above ground Not clean Not crowded 1 Yard 4 10 August - 61 - - ' .! •> >• Ground Floor Indifferent „ 1 Street 40 p. 4 „ 6.i - - .. Paved, mac- .. No ? | Not clean ฆ „ 1 i iidamized. _, „ , „. . 5 M. 26 October - Buon Giorno, M - - ! : Properly ? Yes Ist lloor Cleim ? 1 Stanpaved. _ , „, , oป p 20 87 - - ; " Mezzanine ? .. 1 Street 75 „ 20 September „ 67 - - j > Macadam- j „ No Ground Floor ? ? 1 _ a Ifl -p . . Yes .. Not clean j Crowded I 1 Yard 72 M. 21 July - „ 118 - - .. Properly Indifferent „ .. ซ Not crowded I Street 12 F. 16 September „ 180 - - .. ""! ป ป. Basement Indifferent Crowded 1 Yard 21 „ 28 July - Aijuila, 23 - - - j •> Good No 2nd Floor j Not clean Not crowded 2 An , t, t A- Q1 Ground "Floor Indifferent ! ? 2 Both 40 ill. *O ii ฆ ol - - ป• 'ป w M 21 F. 4 August - „34 - - -? ? ? - lstFlOOT Cle ™ - 2 Btreot I I APPENDIX TO REPORT 101 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. from Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of 1865— continued. Vittoriosa — continued: Water Supply. House Drainage. Doonn ! Quality j j Any Smell Nature j Whether tether at the llow Situation . U^^ JJ^Lfi฿h, of H Nuisance . . . Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley j or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell Common Whence " Good," Tank," or " Under House ;the Street Patient was dation : I "Water : from ~, . „ -4. Mm . o _u cient," or "From t.,.- ? or attacked, ซnซoซ "By p r iw nt Stair," or into tlerivcd . Clear, Well> ,, Room, or I)rains . ; Court O r whether ฐP en I Pipe/ Pnv - V a * .. "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," i close to any Drain Sink," or I "By Time or "Tasted "Drawn ซ TTnr i pl . "Yes," the House opened "Common Hs SV Attack: „„ , .. „ iastea sufficient." from Undei (attacked: within the mmon J "Not ~T^, Outer An. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No."; "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes, Outer air Rain j Good Sufficient Carried Tank Yes Yes Yes Sink j฿y hand Occasion- I " "| " "I " " i' " " ! Common stnir j „ „ „ „ Under house | „ ? ? >ฆ i •> ป Outer air „ „ „ Tank Yard ? No Xo „ „ ป „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried ; Under house j ? Yes Occasion- „ ป No (bad water), I i ally, yes. llain „ „ Tank Yard „ No No „ ' ป ป Common stair Aqueduct „ ? Carried i Under room, „ Yes Yes >, ป Yes empty. Outer air „ „ „ Tank Yard „ No No „ >. Occasion- ally, yes. „ Rain „ „ „ : Under house ? ? „ ป No Common stair „ „ „ „ Yard „ ? „ „ „ Yes Oater air „ „ „ „ ฆ Under house „ „ „ „ ป Occasion-| " ฆ ' I Common stair Aqueduct „ „ Carried No tank „ , „ „ „ ป Occasion„ Rain „ „ „ Yard ? „ „ „ „ ป Outer air „ ? „ „ \ Under house „ „ „ „ *.. ฆ• (water brackish). "I " "' " " ! j : | Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Garden Yes No No Sink, cess- By hand Occasion- pool ally. yes. „ ,i ป „ „ Garden yard „ Yes „ -> <> — „ Sink ? .. . „ „ ? „ „ > Yard „ Yes „ „ ? No j . I „ „ ? „ „ ? ?. No No Cesspool „ ? i j Common stair Rain Good Sufficient Tank Yard Yes No Yes Sink By hand Yes „ Aqueduct ? „ฆ Carried Yard, empty ; „ „ „ „ „ ปป — — „ | .. — -___ — —— — — — This man was a flshei-man, and slept on his bout. Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank j Yard Yes No No Sink By hand No „ _ _ __ ซ. — -.-__ — Attacked on a ship in the j Great Harbour. Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried House, empty. Yes No No Sink By hand j Yes „ „ Yard, empty ' „ Yes ? „ .. Occasion- ally, yes. „ „ „ „ None „ ? No ? .. ป -~~ I „ „ „ ? h No „ ? None — — — — „ Tank Yard Yes „ Yes Sink By hand No j „ „ H M ป. lUuder adjoin- „ „ No „ ? Yes j inp; house. \ """""i " " " " j ,) ป )5 ป )> J) •! ป )> ป ป j Aqueduct „ „ Carried House, empty; „ „ Yes „ .. Yes — — j „ Rain „ „ „ None , ? „ „ „ ,ป r! j „ „ ? Tank House ? Yes „ „ „ >< """" i „ „ ป ? Carried Yard, empty j „ „ ? „ ? ป "*~" ; Outer air „ „ „ Tank Entrance „ i No No „ ป Occasion- -— aliyj yes. •' Table XVIII. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the Civil Population where Deaths Town of Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. _. state State State in whether State Name of Street, Court, State ff general *-J- the Walls, whether, at whether whether gan itary an y oflhe Ceilings, or the Date !sliate Place, 4c, the Street the Condition 'Nuisances House the FloO rs of o f Attack, State whether Date and or Court Surface was ofStreet were Patient was the Houge the InmateB No the Windows i „ . _. \. was "Properly 01 . Court : com - attacked: were o f the Rooms A S e. j-Sex. of Number or Designation paved," lGooAปl GooA ป "plainedof "Basement," ซ clean >, were in openinto Death, of House O r"Un' OT " In - "In- at or " Ground Floor> " "In- "Crowded," affected! a "Street," where attacked. drained." different," different/ . jbefore the "Mezzanine,'' ซ Not , „ , or "Bad." ol .ซ Ba dป Time of 'Ist Floor, O r"Not crowded," &c, Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. clean ป or "both." I _ i 1 -- ' | " ~ ~ I T F. 8 August - Aoquffla,B4- - - Drained Properly Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Street paved. a 48 „ 14 „ „ - ? „ „ ? .. '• " 2 37 „ 20 September San Giorgio, 5 „ Macadam- „ Yes Ground Floor „ ป Into street ized. ? 56 M. 2(3 July - „ 77 d - 20 „ 23 October - „ 94 - „ ? No .. ป ป 2 Street, yard li-i „ 20 July - Coucczione, 17 - - .. Properly „ .. ป ซ ป l Street 2 F. 7 August - Concezione Vicolo, 66 - „ Bad Bad Yes Ist Floor 26 „ 10 S3 M. 11 „ - ? ? „ „ .. ป " " l 56 „ 30 July - Scaloni, 8 - Paved Good No Ground Floor „ „ 1 36 F. „ „ - Britannica, 6 Macadam- „ „ ป Not clean „ 1 Yard ized. ?, , 4 ? 31 „ - „ 18 - „ Bad „ „ Clean „ 1 8 M. 31 „ - St. Giovanni, 38 - „ Good „ ? .. ป Street 2 „ 6 August - Iriondese, 8 Bad Bad Yes ? Indifferent Crowded Both 4 „ ? „ - ?..--- ? „ .. , ป ป " 2 40„„„-„,.-- ? „ „ , ป " - 2 3 „ 9 „ - „„.--., ? ? .. ป. " ป 3 ji 14, . o „ „ Clean Not crowded 2 „ 26 5 - in „ ป Basement „ ? 1 Yard 8 I „ ? - ? ? „ , - ป ป " - l 49 „ 1 „ - „ „ - - ? ? ? - - - - X „ _ . „ Not clean „ None 27 F. 24 September ? ? „ .. - Ist Floor Clean „ 2 Both 22 „ 17 July - ? 10 „ ? -. ป ซ '• 2 Yard, terrace 80 „ G August - Campanile, 3 Properly Indifferent No Ground Floor Indifferent „ 1 Street 35 M. 21 „ - ? 19 - ? "T 1 ' .. Yes ? Clean „ 2 Yard ?(. y 1 .ปo . „ „ Indifferent „ 1 Passage to yard 63 2 „ ? - .ฆ " " " " X 69 „ „ „ 46 - .. „ „ ป - " 1 Street 21- 1 Marina, 100- ฆ ฆ .. Macadam- .. ป Ist Floor Clean i'/cd. fl aa m. 8 „,.-••ป 49 F. 4 September „ 165- - - .. „ ? ซ 2nd Floor Indifferent Crowded None 5 m. m „-.;„• - - .. .. - " ist Floor - " r Yarcl 1A „ 15 August -!„..---.. .. .. ป ป Not clean ? None 9 4 I Sofja o(. . Properly ? .ป Ground Floor Indifferent Not crowded 1 Yawl 3 F. 21 August - I „27 - - - Indifferent Yes Ist Floor Not clean „ 2 Yard and ttr-45 !„ 11 September j Cospicua, o - - - ? Bad Good No ? Clean „ 1 Yard lg „ - i „ 61 - - - „ .. Indifferent „ Ground Floor Not clean ? 1 ? r\ j i pi. Indifferent „ 2 „ 23 „ 12 October - : ? 69 - - - „ „ ป ป •• 70 !M. 5 August -! ?77- - - ? „ .. ป " Not clean „ 1 75 p. „ „ - Porta฿urmohMi.- - „ Macada- „ Yes Mezzanine Clean „ 2 Street, yard 25 6 „ - Vicolo Santa Teresa. 32 - „ ' „ No Ground Floor „ „ I . Yard 4 M. 18 „ • Vicolo Terre, 17 - - ? Properly Good Yes Ist Floor „ „ 1 1| R S - 87 • • , PiIVC Indifferent No Ground Floor „ „ 1 ? 0A „' 12 September Vicolo Cordina, 86 - - „ „ ? Yes Ist Floor Indifferent „ 1 JJ „ 9 August - „ 87- „ „ No Mezzanine Clean „ 1 Street 71 „ 14 „ - Leone, It - ? h Yes 2\ „ '22 „ ฆ Nelson, 18 - ? Good „ Ist Floor Indifferent „ 1 Into street 6 16 „• „ 3S - - - H ป Indifferent ? Ground Floor „ „ 1 Into stair M. 18 September SปttEooco.lfl - ? Paved „ ? Floor dean „ I Street 102 APPENDIX TO REPORT ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 103 from Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoiiosa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. - . - | Water Supply. House Drainage. Dooi ' s : Quality j Any Smell i Nature j Whether i "*ซtfier at the How Situation whether S- I^'^Sley! of How Nuisance I m,<.ni nff ii,tnป Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is orSmel' opeuingmtoa ((? h J , ซr>/ปmmr>n I fSUHI" Il'Om SUIK 111 | llilietlie I Wltil BuwiBITS Common -whence "Good,") Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was 1 elation: Water: from kemakks Stair," or into dM "CW **" •"^ Room," or 3^, 0^ t fe ซ Open ซฃป I Privy at ? "Muddy,": " In- "Carried," " House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By I Time of "Tnซtprt "Drawn ซTTndpr "Yes," the House opened „ f . nil ,,, lfin Hand," ! Aftaok ฆ „-. .. „ Tasted sufficient." from Untlei attacked : within the , to™ 11011 "Not Attack ฆ Outer Air. badly," ; Pipe,"&c. Court," Ac. or "No." "Yes," I Room Privy," supplied." j "Yes," *.„ or "No." or House , ป inv"Nn" &c. affected. | * Cl &Cl | 01 JSo> . . . Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Entrance Yes No No Sink t฿y hand Occasion- ฆ ally, yes. „ „ „ „ Yard „ Yes Yes ? „ Yes „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried House, empty „ No ? ? Rain „ „ Tank Yard „ „ No „ ? ? .) ? ii „ ii ? .. ? H Occasion- - — ally. yes. Aqueduct ? „ j Carried „ „ „ ? „ „ „ „ Rain „ „ | Tank „ M ป „ House „ „ „ „ ? Yes „ „ „ „ Near yard I „ ? ? ? „ „ Rain and „ „ i Carried None „ „ „ ? . „ „ aqueduct. Rain „ „ „ ? „ „ „ ,j ฆ ? .. . . ? . „ j •, ? , ? „ - - I .. — . |? .. . ? . , ;,. '? ! . Common stair „ ? „ Tank Yard „ ? „ „ ? Yes I I „ „ v i) House „ „ „ w I i, Occasion- • ally, yes. Outer air Aqueduct ? „ Carried None „ Yes Yes „ I „ . „ Rain ? „ Tank Yard „ No No „ „ H H Under house „ „ „ „ I , ? j Aqueduct ? „ Carried Tank not „ No No ? ! „ I. „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried Under yard, „ „ „ „ |( No „ Rain and „ „ „ Under yard „ Occasion- Yes „ „ Yes — . aqueduct. ally, yes. Common stair ? v >ป ป ป ป No No „ „ Occasion- (empty). ally, yes. ป H ป I. .. .' ? || ? „ „ .. .. ? ป .. Yes ? „ „ No Outer air Rain •> „ Tank Under house „ No „ „ „ Yes „ Aqueduct „ „ Camed 4ft 6 ป Yes Yes „ „ „ - Common stair „ ? „ ป W .. No No „ „ „ - — Outer air „ ? ป „ Under yard, „ „ , (empty). M „ Rain „ „ Tank Entrance „ „ „ „ Occasion- — — ; ally, yes. 03 Table XVIII. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings of the (Jiril Population where Deaths Town of - . . . . , . . Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. j , State St฿te Statein whether j State j ' Name of Street Court i State ***** l * eneral which Woor the Walls, whether, at I whether whether sanitary any oftho Ceilings, or the Date btate Place, 4c, | the Street the Condition Nuisances House the Floors of of Attack> state whether Date and or Court Surface was of Street were Patient was tue House the Inmates No tlie windows * ป-..ซปป .^ :"2? >•? ซZL •ฃฃฃ• ..s-'-tT" - — ป Death. of House j or ซ Un . or "In- ป In . at or "Ground Floor," .. Crowded/ . affected a ซ street," where attacked. | drained." Afferent," before the " Mezzanine," << Not orซ Bad." 01 . (< Ba d,, Timeof "lit Floor." w ..^ crowded) ป &c .j Court ' Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. , ? or "both." . ! L_ ! ' Yrs. 1865. 45 M. 16 August - San Rocco 19 - - Drained Paved Good No Ground Floor | Not clean Crowded 1 Yard ! 32 P. 22 „ - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ Clean „ None — 12 ? 21 „ - „ 23 „ „ Indifferent „ „ „ Not crowded 1 Street 35 M. „ - „ 28 - - Undrained Macada- „ „ Above ground Not clean Crowded 1 „ ini/i'il. 42 „ 19 „ - Conservatorio, 4 — — — — — — — — — 11 F. 22 „ - Vicolo Scozzese, 40 - Drained | Properly Indifferent No Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded 1 Street paved. 35„6„-„.,-„ „ „ „ „ „ n 1 „ 42 M. 24 „ - Bonnici, 2 - - - „ „ Good Yes Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 „ 16 „ „ „ - „ 16 - - • ? Macada- „ „ Ground Floor „ | Crowded 2 „ mined. 26 F. 2? „ - „ 23 - - - | „ ' „ „ „ ป ป | Not crowded 1 „ 8 „ 26 „ - „ _7 - - - | ? „ ป „ „ „ h 2 42 M. 24 „ - 1. , 76 - - - | , „ ,ป „ „ ป 4 38 F. „ „ .„„... „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 4 77 M. 29 July • n fj . . • — — — — — — — — — 5 „ 96 August - Santa Maria, 65 - - Drained Properly Good No Mezzanine Indifferent Not crowded 1 Street paved. 29 F. 31 „ „ „ ฆ - i. „ „ „ ป H ป 1 i ! 14 M. 30 „ „ 66 - - ป „ ป ป. Ground Floor Not clean Crowded \ 1 Yard 2 „ 27 „ - Guglielnio, 8 • • ป> Bad Indifferent Yes Mezzanine Clean Not crowded 3 Street, garden, and buryingground. 55 „ 9 September Zabbar Gate • - Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Indifferent „ None — 75 F. 8 ? - Stretta, 40 - - - Drained Bad Indifferent Yes „ Clean „ 1 Street 3 M. 22 „ „ 51 - - - „ „ Good „ Basement Not clean Crowded 1 Yard 12 „ 12 „ • Santa Margarita, 26 - ป Macadam- „ No Ground Floor Indifferent Not crowded j 1 ized. 29 , r 14 „ - SanLazzaro,l9 - - ป Properly „ ? 2nd Floor Clean „ 2 Street paved. BF.22u•-19- ป ป ป ป ป ป ป 2 7 „ 14 „ - „ 50 - - ป „ Indifferent ? Ground Floor „ „ 1 34 „ 16 ii ฆ 80 „ ? Good „ 2nd Floor „ „ 1 2T%2 T % „ 20 „ - Stella, 14 - - - .. Macadam- Bad Yes Ground Floor „ „ 2 Terrace, yard ized. 55 .. 2 October „- Alessandro, 21 „ Properly Good No Ist Floor „ ป 2 Street, yard paved. 50 „ 19 ป 26 „ n „ „ „ Indifferent „ 3 Street 20 „ ป ป ป - ' ป ป ป - .. >• ป 3 1A M. „ ซ - I " • ' >, j „ „ m „ , -. B 9 „ 21 „ ? n * „ ,i >, ป " ป " m 78 F. 26 July - ป 34 - - „ „ ? „ Clean „ 2 Street and yard. 33 M. 29 - ii „ • • „ >, ป Ground Floor „ ? 2 „ 8 , 14 September „ 37 - ฆ „ „ Indifferent „ „ i. ซ 2 Yard and 8A P. 15 n " •• " " ป " ~ " " " 2 I 5 20 •> 83 ป ป ป No „ „ ป 1 Street 18 ? v M - Nunnซry - - - „ Macadam- Good Yes . „ „ .. 5 „ 42 „ 4 October ป ป ป - " " ? " 55 M. 12 September Mercato S Riolo, 1 „ „ „ No „ Not clean ? 4 42 F. 28 July - . - 23 „ „ „ „ ? . Clean „ 2 60 M. 18 September Stretta, 51 - • - — — — „- -p 7 . Market K. Paolo, 77 ฆ Drained Properly Good Yes Terrace Clean Not crowded 2 Street i CORRADINO. W i 4 F. 19 September jl M> 21 M . j-Molo San Froncesco, 67 - UndraiuejJ Unpaved Bad No Ist Floor Not clean Crowded Sea-wharf 17 F< 22 " ' , APPENDIX TO REPORT 105 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. iroiu Cholera occurred in Valetta, Floriana, Senglea, Vittoriosa, and Cospicua, during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Gospicna — continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. _____ _ . _ . | 1)C) O rs : Quality Any Smell Nature I Whether j whether at the How Situation Whe ther SmS* IsuchGulley of How 'Nuisance ! . , Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink .Privy Privy is 'or Smell jTr Attack: ,. Suffl . "?-r Water Tank: "ป g J in fie A— ,ose Common Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: i from K_aiAK_>t. Stair." or into derived ซ€lear," ซ' or '*$$ Room," or DrainS: Co ฐ u r rt -JftSfcr "Open A Privy at .. "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By : Time of ซ- i.^i "Drawn ซ T t,,,j^ "Yes," the House opened an--™,— Hand," *ff o ซv. -n__. -11, " Tasted sufficient." from Vndor attacked : within the Common "Not Attackl uuterair. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes," An or "No." i or House . - nr""Vo" &,c. j , affected- &c. &c. or Ao. . . . . . . . ฆ ฆ j Common stair Aqueduct Good Sufficient Carried Under house, Yes No No Sink :By hand Yes (empty) . Rain „ ? „ Tank, under I ? ป I >, „ „ Occasion- j house, empty.j ally, yes. j 1 „ „ ? ii ii Tank, yard, „ „ „ „ „ Yes (empty). i _ ___ _ _ _____ _ _ — I This man was a boatman, and slept on his boat. Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried Tank, under Yes No No Sink By hand Yes house, empty. „ „ „ ? „ None ? Yes Yes „ „ „ „ „ „ „ Tank Under house j >ฆ „ ? „ ? „ | ... I No No 1 „ „ - — — -- _ _ — ______ This man was attacked on board a ship anchored in I the French Creek. Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried None Yes No No Sink By hand Yes i Common stair ? „ .. „ Yard, empty „ „ ? „ „ ? „ „ ? ? Tank Yard Yes „ Yes Sink By hand Yes I Common stair „ ? „ Can-ied Yard, empty „ Yes ? „ ? ? A very dirty home. Outer air „ „ ? Tank Garden „ No No „ „ No Carried None „ „ ? ? „ Occasionally, j-es. „ „ ? ? Tank Yard „ „ „ Cesspool „ No „ ? ? „ „ House „ „ ? Sink ? „ | Common stair „ ? ? Carried House, empty „ „ ? „ „ Yes Outer air „ „ ? Tank i Yard ? „ ? „ „ No Yes Yes ? „ Yes " " M 11 i . >> ii ป v ii i. Tasted „ Partially Yard „ „ „ „ „ Yes — „ Oood' ? Tank ' House „ Yes Yes „ „ „ — ป. ป .. •• .. •> •ฆ ii „ „ „ This nuu died at No. 11, Sda. Reale, Vicolo S. Vincenzo, Casal Zabbav. Outer air Aqueduct „ „ Carried None „ No „ „ „ — "~ ~" — — __— Tliis man nursed choleraic Common stair Aqueduct Good Sufficient Carried None Yes Yes Yes Sink By hand Yes at\?s\oiise. U ฐ Ver BleP * ฆ j „ Rain ? ? „ „ No No No None — — - ' ' ' I I I I I I O 4 Table XlX.— Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Fatal Cases of Cholera. state Windows. gtate State State in whether gtate ฆ tot trw State State general whether which Woor the Walls, whether>at Name of Street, Comt, Sanitary any of the Ceilings, or the Date State Place, Ac., the Street tlie Condition Nuisances House the Floors of ofAttack> state whet her Date and or Court Surface was ofWwet were Patient was the House the Inmates „ . ? was "Properly orCourt: com - attacked: were ofth e฿ooiD S Atte. Sex. of Number or Designation ซ Drained ,, paved," ซG OO d" p!a in e d o f "Basement," "Clean," were in open into Death. of House or"Un- or " ln ' "In- ator "Ground Floor," "In- "Crowded," affected a "Street," t_ it- \-*a rimfnori ป different," A ifeown t" before the "Mezzanine," different," ซซ N f where attacked. drained. • difterent, , JNot Room. "Court" or "Bad." or ซ Ba d,ป Time of "Ist Floor," or "Not crowded> ป &c . KOOm - Lourt ' Attack. " 2nd Floor," &c. clean." or " both." MISIDA AND'PIETA. Y 9*' F. 115 August - Conceziov.e, 8 - - Undrained Unpaved Bad No Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded 2 Street, garden 49 16 j u i,, . g n Good „ Mezzanine Clean Not crowded 1 Street i 47 „ „ „ - 10 „ „ ป ป " " ป x >' 40 „ 17 „ 28 - - „ ป Yes Ground Floor „ „ 2 „ 3d 20 - 56 - - ป ป ป No Mezzanine „ „ 1 Street, garden 3 27 ..„„., ป ป ป ป * Street 28 i 18 63 ป " Ground Floor „ „ 1 „ A „ !23 August - „ 83 - ... ป Indifferent „ Ist Floor „ „ 3 25 jj u ] y 89 - - ป •> Isad Yes Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 Yard 37 M. 16 119 - - Good No Mezzanine Clean Not crowded 1 „ 28 F. :18 „ - „ - - „ ป ป ป " " " 1 40 „ 17 „ - „ 121 - • ป ป " " " " 2 Both 75 „ :20 - „ .. ป ป ป '• " " 2 ,„ nr 100 ? Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 Street A F. j 6 August - „ 132 • ป ป " Mezzanine „ „ 3 Street, garden 19 jj i2 3 m Vicolo, 2 - .. Indifferent „ 3rd Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Garden 21 30 4 . . „ „ .ป Mezzanine „ Crowded 1 Canal 6 „ 19 July - S.GuilianoVecchio.lo ฆ ? ซ ป ป 2nd Floor „ Not crowded l Street 10 „ 20 August - „ 18 - ป ป Good „ Ground Floor Indifferent „ 1 jj 28 „ 21 - " ป Indifferent „ „ Not clean Crowded 1 „ _ t, ?. Vallone Misida, 1 • - „ Mezzanine Clean Not crowded 2 Both 8 1 1 . lo „ - ป " " 11 M. 27 July - ป 3 - - Drained „ „ ? .. Indifferent Crowded 2 66 ป 5 August - ป 6 • ฆ Undrained „ „ .ป Ground Floor Clean „ 1 Street 29 23 7 • Drained „ Good Yes Mezzanine „ Not crowded 1 Court 49 F . 24 „ „'ฆ/•• „ „ „ ซ ป ป Crowded 1 „ 16 - - Indifferent No i Ground Floor Indifferent Not crowded 2 Both Q ti *J i> " 21 July ป 106 " ' Undrained „ Yes Mezzanine Clean Crowded 1 Street 35 M 2 2 M . Hai-amea, 11 „ „ Good „ Ground Floor Indifferent „ 1 „ 66 F. 12 August - Molo Misida, 166 ฆ „ „ „ „ Clean Not crowded None — 34 „ 25 July - ป 190 ' ป ป " iซt Floor „ „ 1 Garden 63 „ 4 September ป ™ ' ' ป ป " Ground Floor „ „ 1 Room I „ 23 August - m 202 " „ ป , ป ป ป " 2 Street, terrace o Santa Venera, 3 - - „ „ „ Occasion- „ Not clean „ 1 Street 6 " ฆ ฆ ally, yes. 5 M> 3 v . MoloPietft,79 - „ „ Yes ? „ „ 2 Wharf aa -a \a 124 „ Occasion-: Mezzanine Clean „ 1 „ 6a *• iO ป ally, yes. i lM M. I 2 September „ Vicolo, 1M - „ „ „ No Ground Floor „ „ 1 Yard as" F. 15 August - ? ป 20,23 d „ „ „ „ „ ... „ 1 Garden 70 31. 13 „ - ป " ปW „ „ ซ ป Open Field - 11 F! 6 Boptember ป 3 ฐ' 103 ป ป• ป " Mezzanine Clean Not crowded 1 Street SLIEMA. 72 iF. 7 August - ( Vicolo, 5 - - - 1 Undrained Unpaved Indifferent No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Street, garden MISRAH EL BARKIEIir. 55 IM] ฐ5 August . I 37 - - • ' Undrained Unpaved Good Yes ฆ Mezzanine Clean Crowded 2 Street RABATO OF NOTABILE. 21 M. 24 August . Doni,ls - - • Undrained Unpaved Indifferent No Ist Floor Indifferent Crowded 1 Street ... ? Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Yard 62 „ 9 September „ 19 • • ป IB6P. 10 August ..31 . - - ป ป ซ-d Yes „ Not clean „ APPENDIX TO REPORT 107 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. ! Malta, where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ohio). Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors: Quality Any Smell Nature Whether whether at the llow ; Situation Whe ther anyopen suchGulley of How Nuisance . . Time of Quantity: obtained:! of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell opening into a "Drawn w . ™ , any or at the . supplied Attack: ,, Suffl . from , Water Tank: sink in | Timo the Accommo- ff t h rose Eemabks. "Common whence "Good" Tank," or | "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: from Stair/'orinto derived "Clear," <*ป*"ซ j Room," or Drains: Co ฐ u r rt J^SSSk "ฐ^ n Vtojt PriVy at "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Tune of the ซm * i "Drawn ซ T t,,i™. "Yes," the House opened ,T, T "Hand, Attack- Tasted sufficient." from Under attacked : within the lommon "Not AllacK AllacK"Outer Air. badly," Pipo,"&e. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes, &c Or " NO SgS! &c ' &c - or " No -" I I _ _ , , , — Outer air Aqueduct Good Sufficient Carried None No No No None — — Yard Yes „ Yes Sink By hand \ Yes No „ „ „ Rain „ „ Tank „ „ Yes Yes Cesspool I „ „ „ Aqueduct „ ? Carried None „ No No „ ป No Yes Sink „ Yes Rain „ „ Tank Yard „ „ No Common j „ .' Occasion- privy. ally, yes. „ Aqueduct ป ป Carried None „ Yes Yes Sink „ No Rain t. •• Tank Yard „ No No Cesspool „ I Occasion- ally, yes. „ Aqueduct ป ป Carried None No „ „ None — — — Rain .. ป ป Tank Garden Yes „ „ Cesspool By hand No .ป >. „ House „ „ „ Sink „ „ Aqueduct .. ป Carried None No „ „ None — — Rain ป ป Tank Street „ „ ? „ — — - — Acineduct ! ป ป Carrlud None Yes „ „ Cesspool By hand No ปฆ i | „ ป i. „ ? No „ „ None — — — I I „ „ „ Yes „ „ Sink By hand No Common stair „ ป ป ป ป .. .. .. ป ป Occasion- ally, yes. | Outer air „ ป >ป ป• >. >. ป >. ป ป ป „ ป .1 H Court „ „ Yes ? ป Yes 111 i No „ Rain ป .. Tank Yard „ Yes „ „ „ „ Aqueduct •> ซ Carried „ „ „ „ Cesspool „ Occasion- ally, yes. n i, >, „ None No No No None; — „ Rain ป ฆ> Tank \ House Yes „ „ Cesspool By hand „ 'I | H B ? H „ Room „ „ „ „ „ No v Aqueduct ป ป i Carried Empty „ Yes Yes „ „ Yes „ „ „ „ „ None „ No „ Dung room „ i Occasion- j ally, yes. „ „ „ „ Yes „ Sink „ Yes Rain I Tasted „ Tank \ Garden „ No No „ „ No badly . „ „ Good ? „ Yard ? „ „ Cesspool, „ „ . trapped. Carried | „ No „ „ None - — „ „ „ Tank I Field „ „ „ „ — — Outer air „ „ •> „ House Yes „ „ Sink IBy hand No Outer air Rain I Good Sufficient Tank Garden Yes No Yes Sink !By hand ' No 1 Outer air Rim j Good Sufficient Carried None No No No None — — — — Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Drawn Under Yes No No Cesspool Not Occasion- — — fromtank.i house. supplied, ally, yes. Common stair Spring Brackish „ Drawn Staircase „ „ „ „ „ Yes — — from well. Outer air Rain Good „ Tank Yurd No „ „ Cellar „ Occasion- ally, yes. 19034. P ; ฆ Table XIX. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in "Villages of Malta, — - Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. — State State State in wh ether State State State general whether which Floor theWallS) whe ther, at Name of Street, Court, whether any o fthe Ceilings> or the Date State Place, &c, the Street the Condition Nuisances House the Floors of o f Attack, State whether Date and or Court Surface was ofStreet were Patient was the House the Inmate s No . the windows "Properly orCoU rt: com " attacked: were of the Rooms Age. Sex. of Number or Designation [IDrained ,, paved," "Good," P lainedof "Basement," ซ Clean> ป were in open into Death. of House or"Un or "In- ซ In . at or "Ground Floor," , before the "Mezzanine," different ,, .. Not .^^ or "Bad." or ซ Ba cl." Time of Ist Floor, O r"Not crowded," &c. Attack. " 2nd Floor," &c. c i ean .ป or "both." TT 4 S ' M. 9 September Doni,46 - - - Undrained Unpaved Indifferent Yes Ist Floor Indifferent Not crowded 2 Street BO „ 20 July „65 - „ Good No „ Clean „ 1 _g 70 „ „ „ Ground Floor Not clean „ None None 79 „ 30 August - Osservanti, 1 - „ „ ป Clean „ Both 68 F. 4 September 5 - „ „ .. !<* Floor Indifferent „ 2 Street 44 ' 24 July 30 „ Indifferent „ „ „ Crowded 1 26 M. 2 August - Ospedale,26 - - " „ Good „ „ „ Not crowded 1 28 F. 26 July - „ 27 - - „ ? „ ป " Clean „ 3 Both 60 „ 9 September „ Vicololฐ,l - „ „ „ ป Ground Floor „ „ 1 Yard 34 „ 28 August - Real฿,ls - - - „ ซ ซ ซ ซ Floor „ „ -Street 40 „ li „ - „ Vicololฐ,4- - „ ป Indifferent 33 M. 8 - „ 2ฐ, 5 - - ' ป Good „ „ Indifferent „ 1 40 ?20 I -?„„-ฆ "„ " >• " '• ' " CrOwded 2 40 „ l „ - Convent of St. Dominic - „ ป ป ป ป Clean Not crowded 1 Field 36 F. 10 September S. Bartolomeo, 13 - - „ ป ป ป Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded 1 Yard 55 M. 2 August - ..If-"-. " " ฆ IStF1 ฐฐ r " Notcrowded 1 70 F. 30 ? - „ 25- - „ ป ซ ฆ " C1 7 ป X Street ? „ . . An . „ „ ' „ Indifferent „ 1 „ '. 60 „ 14 September ป 49 ? " " 53 26 - Hal Bajada, 11 - .. ป Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Yard 60 I 7 August - ป !•.'-. - ป ป lstFloor O— ป X Street 9 M. 24 . .. . ซ • • . " - YeS " - " J „ , , Xi . . , „ No Ground Floor „ Crowded 2 vents. „ 22 F. 20 September ป 01 ป " " an Yes Ist Floor ป Not crowded 1 Street 68 M. 11 August - ป oO - • „ ป " a . , No Ground Floor „ „ 2 vents. Yard 64 „ 5 - „ 64 - - A Yes Ist Floor Indifferent „ 1 Street 62„8ป W • • „ Q1 „ No Ground Floor Clean „ 1 Yard 8F.9„-ป91 - • „ " " 21 „ 21 „ - ป V 100101ป,ป ฆ „ ป h ป Ist Floor „ „ 1 Field 00 „ — Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Yard 52 M. 4 September ป ป ฆป * ป " , „ „ No „ „ ป, 2 vents. 26 F. 18 „ ฆ ป ป,.ซJ-_ „ 1 Street 82 M. 12 August - SanCataldo, 1 - - „ ป >• (shop). „ No ? Clean „ 2 vents. Yard 43 F. 2 „ ป. 3 - - „ ป " Ist Floor „ Crowded 1 Street 4 M. 9 September ป P: " " ป 8 F. 13 „ - ป ป ป " " „ „ Not crowded 2 vents. Yard 60 „ 8 August - ซ.ซ••ป KQ „ „ Ground Floor Indifferent „ 1 70 „ 17 September ป 53 - - „ 66 29August - CatacombeVicololo,36 - „ .. different „ Ist Floor „ Crowded None Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 3 vents. Yard 52 „ 10 „ - ป 61 ' t> „ „ Crowded 2 vents. „ 68 „ 28 September ป 2 , 36 - „ „ „ . „ Good Yes Ist Floor „ Not crowded 2 28 „ 29 August - Collegio, 2 - ป Ground Floor Not clean „ 2 Street entrance 24 „ 17 „ ฆ ป 3 " I No ป Clean „ 1 Street 61 F. 13 September ป * • >ป % „ Indifferent „ 1 Yard 76 „ 11 August ป 29 ฆ Yes ป Clean „ None — „„ oit . St. Agostino, 3 - " " xes No Ist Floor „ „ 1 Street 60„2„- ป 8 * a 54 „ 19 23 ' g 52 M. 10 September n 24 „ • ฆ 20 „ 14 August ฆ ป,34 B - '• i 90 F. 5 September ป ซ9 • ป g gtreet 46 M. 19 August .„ 58 •-?.ป 35 F. 13 ป • Vittoria, 34 - ป ) ป APPENDIX TO REPORT 109 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio)— continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. ฆ Doors : Quality Any Smell ' Nature Whether whether at the ; How Situation whether ™ hh | n BUC f^ ley : of jjow Nuisance I Time of Quantity : obtained i of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell : openingintoa | "Drawn Water Tank: any g . or^ • ฆ | A(Jcommo . supped arose "Common Whence "Good," ; Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was, dation: Water: from <.niซ—ป cient," or "From Bmm >, „„ or attacked, ซo™>n " B y Privy at Stair," or into derive d. Clear> Well," Room ' or Drains: Court or whether Open Pipe," rivvai "Muddy," " In- "Carried," " House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of the "Drawn ซttv.,i,ซ. "Yes," the House opened ซfi nmmnn "Hand," Attack"Tasted sufflcieu tป from Under attacked : wi&in the Common (> ? .. >ฆ >. No „ M ป House „ „ „ „ >ป ป A^ educt - - Carried ! ( e^x c ). ! ' " < SฃS: ~ Rain ? h Tank ! Yam „ „ , >ฆ ฆ> ป Common stair „ .. ป ป | Entrance i, „ „ No „ „ Cellar ป .. •i ป Outer air Spring „ ? Well j Yard „ „ „ „ „ No Bain ? .. '-Tank ! House Yes „ „ Cesspool „ Occasion- ฆ ally, yes. Rain, ague- „ .• ' Carried | None „ „ „ „ „ No J Common stair B_ta „ ? Tank Yard „ „ „ „ „ Oc ca sion- •ปป ' — House „ „ Yes „ „ Yes Outer air Spring „ ? Carried None „ ? No „ „ No Spring H ป Carried Entrance „ „ „ „ ป Yes Rain sprint? „ ป „ Yard, water No „ „ Cellar ฆ> Occasion- " brackish. ally, yes. Spring M ป Carried House, water „ „ „ Garden v .. Raiii „ „ Tank Without „ „ „ Dung room „ Occasion- Spring „ >. Carried Yard, water „ „ ? „ n No — - Rain ii >• Tank Entrance Yes „ „ Cesspool .. Occasion- Spring Brackish „ Well House No „ „ Grotto •. Yes Rain Good „ Tank Yard „ „ „ Cellar „ No ฆ Spring ป n Well „ „ „ „ Grotto ? ป M „ „ Carried None „ „ „ Dung room ? Yes — ฆ • „ „ „ „ Yard (empty) Yes „ „ Cesspool ? No — — Rain ii .. Tank Yard „ „ „ Dung room Not „ " supplied. „ „ „ House Yes ? „ Cesspool ป Yes Common stair „ ป ป ป Yard No „ „ Cellar „ Occasion- ally, yes. Outer air „ •ป ป ป ป ป •• ป ป * es Common stair „ ? ป ป ป ป ป Garden — No Grotto „ „ „ Cellar — „ Outer air „ >• .. •• Yard „ „ „ Dung room — „ „ „ ? M Yes H „ Cesspool Not „ " supplied. Spring it ii Carried Yard (empty) j No „ „ Dung room — „ „ „ „ „ None Yes „ Yes Cesspool Not Yes — — supplied. Common stair ? ? .. ป i Yard (empty) „ „ No „ „ Occasion- ally, yes. Outer air „ ? .. .. None „ „ „ „ „ No Rain „ „ Tank | House „ „ „ „ „ Yes „ Spring ? „ Carried Yard, water No „ „ Cellar — „ — — tasted badly. Rain „ ป Tank House „ ? „ Dung room — No — — Yard „ „ „ Cellar — Yes „ „ n „ „ Yes „ „ i Cesspool Not „ supplied. Spring ' „ .. Curried None „ „ „ „ „ Occasion- — — ally, yes. I P 2 Table XIX. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, Fatnl Cases of Cholera. State Windows. State State Statei ป whether State at oซf k( w state State K e " eral whether which Floor thoWalls whether, at Name of Street, Court, wlipthpr nnv nf thn before the - Mezzanine," diffemit; , . or "both." Yrs. 1865. 53 F. 1 October - Vittoria, 38 - - - Undrained Unpavcd Good No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Terrace 75 „ 26 September „ 43 • - - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ One Yard vent. 2\ M. 16 August „ 43 - • • „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ None — 14 „ 9 September „ 51 - • - „ „ „ — Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Field 22 „ 15 August - Virtu, ? • • • „ „ „ No Field Clean „ None — 80 F. 17 „ • S. Martino, Vicolo Iฐ, 6 - „ „ Indifferent „ Ist Eloor „ „ 2 Bolh S3 „ 18 „ - Sakkaja, 21 - - - ? ? Good Yes j Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 Street 60 „ 10 October - „ 23 - - - ปป .. ? No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 „ 72 M. 28 August - Ghariescen, 5 . - ป „ „ ป ป ป ,ป None — 28 F. 25 - 12 • ' „ ป „ „ „ ? ? 1 Yard 36 M. 11 September 12 - - „ „ „ ? „ ? ? 1 23 F. 22 August - „ 10 - - „ „ „ ป, „ ? „ 1 >, 3 M. 28 „ 10 „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 12 „ 13 September „ 49 - „ „ „ „ „ Indifferent „ 2 Field 72 F. 31 August • 62 „ Indifferent Yes „ Clean „ 1 Street 64 „ 21 „ • Birelliun, 32 „ „ Good No „ „ „ 2 Both 25 M. 3 September „ Vicolo Iฐ, 5 „ ป „ „ ? 1 Street 2i F. 9 August - Birel, 3 - - - ? ? „ Yes Ground Floor „ „ 2 Both CM. IS „ • „32 - - ? ป „ ป Ist Floor „ „ 2 Street F. 14 September Birel, Vicolo Iฐ, 4 - - „ „ Indifferent „ „ Not clean „ 1 Yard 16 „ 2 „ - „ 3ฐ, 5 - - ? ป „ ปป Ground Floor „ Crowded Two „ vents. 20 M. 19 „ - „ 3ฐ, 11 • • „ „ „ No „ „ „ 1 76 F. 9 August - „ 3ฐ, 14 - - „ ป „ ป „ „ Not crowded 1 „ 75 M. 7 September , 3ฐ, 14 - - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 52 „ 30 August - „ 3ฐ, 23 - - „ „ „ ป - Ist Floor Indifferent „ None — 40 F. 12 September „ sฐ, 3 - - „ „ „ .. Ground Floor Not clean Crowded „ — 3 „ 15 „ - Nuova, Vicolo Iฐ, 1 • „ „ Good Yes Mezzanine Clean Not crowded 1 Street 29 „ 15 „ • Vecchio Doni, 15 - - „ „ Indifferent „ Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Yard 80 ! „ 15 „ • I ? 42 - - „ „ „ No IstFloor Clean „ 2 Street HOSPITAL OF SANTO SPIRITO. 58 F. 30 July - — _____ ____ 15 „ 125 August -I — _____ ____ SAURA'S HOSPITAL, RABATO, Male Division. 72 M. 28 August - " 69 „ 28 92 „ 29 „ 74 „ 30 „ I. . . . Undrained Unpaved GoM Yes Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 14 Street and 83 „ 31 „ - garden. 50 „ 1 September - 76 „ 1 „ 86 3 „ 79 .6 „ - J Female Division. 63 F. |24 August - - • - Undrained Unpaved Good Yes Ground Floor Indifferent Not crowded 2 Field ป-ป - • L . . . ? - . h Clean „ 15 ปgdซd 56 „ 29 „ - J 110 • APPENDIX TO REPORT where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio)— continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors : Quality Any Smell Nature Whether , whether at the ITow Situation mether Zfopen suchGu"lley of How Nuisance . . . Time of Quantity : ' obtained : of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell openingmtoa ?ป Water Tank; any Accomiao . supped arose "Common Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: from ซ.iimAJtjio. „. .>, •i. ซn on^" cient," or "From pp n nm ป ซ- or attacked, ซOnpn "*ty. Privy at Stair," or into derived Clear ' Well," RooiI)) or Drains: Court or whether upen Pipe," rrlvy al "Muddy," "Iv- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of the ซrr f 1 "Drawn ซtt™w "Yes," the House opened ซ r "Hand," Attacktt „ "Tasted sumcient ,ป frora Under attacked: within the Common "Not AttacK AttacK"Outer Air. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes," &c. ฐ r " No -" ฐk*n? &c - &c - ฐ r " N ฐ-" Outer air Spring Good Sufficient Carried None No No No Cellar — Yes Common stair „ ? „ „ „ ป. ป ป Dung room — Occasion- Outer air Rain „ „ „ ? ? ป ป None — — — Spring ป ป> Fountain „ „ .ป ป ป — in the place. Outer air ป ป Carried Yard, water „ „ „ Dung room — (Occasion- brackish. ally, yes. „ None „ „ Yes „ — Yes „ „ „ „ Yes ? No Cesspool Not No supplied. Common stair „ ป ป „ „ - ป ป ซ ป alTj^yes!" No „ „ Cellar — „ „ „ „ House empty Yes ป „ Cesspool Not Yes " supplied. Outer air Rain ? ป ป ป ป ป ป ป ป No „ „ Tank Entrance No „ „ Cellar — Occasion- ally, yes. Common stair Spring ป ป Carried None Yes „ „ Cesspool — Yes Outer air Rain ป •ป Tank House No ป „ Cellar — Occasion- ally, yes. „ „ Yard Yes „ „ Cesspool Not Yes " supplied. „ „ Carried None No ป „ Dung room — „ Common stair Spring Brackish „ Well Yard Yes ? „ Cesspool Not „ supplied. Rain Good „ Tank „ No ป• ? Dung room — „ — Outer air „ ป ป Carried None „ ป „ — „ — Common stair „ ป ป ? Yard, water „ ? „ „ — No brackish. Outer air Spring ? .ป ป None Yes „ „ Cesspool Not „ supplied. Common stair „ ป. .. ป ป ป ป ป Dung room — Yes Outer air Brackish „ Well House „ ป „ Cesspool Not No supplied. # . Bain Good Sufficient Tank Garden Yes No No Cesspool By hand Yes •— ป ป Rain Good Sufficient Tank Garden Yea No No Cesspool By hand Yes First cose occurred in ป separate room. in ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. s Table XlX— Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, where 1 „. , Windows. Fatal Cases of Cholera. state __, state State State in whether State „, . State general whether which Floor the Walls, whether, at Name of Street, Court, " whether sanitary "^ ofthe Ceilings, or the Date State Place, 4c. the Street the Condition Nuisances House the rloorsof o f Attack, State whether r,^ and or Court Surface waS of Street were was the House the Inmates No the Windows Date alld „ "Properly orCourt . com- attacked: were of the Rooms Age. Sex. of Number or Designation . & ,, paved," "Good" P lainedof "Basement," " G lean," were in open into Death. of House J^ n . or "In- , , - NtN t .^ or "Bad." or ซ Bad" limeol Ist *ioor, or "Not crowded, &c. Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. clean ,ป or "both." Yrs. 1865. 80 • F. 29 August - 1 67 „ 30 80 „ 30 83 „ 31 „ 45 „ 31 86 „ 1 September ฆ 85 2 n .\. ... Undrained Unpaved Good Yes Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 15 ™ a " d 74 ?3 „ - 74 „ 3 „ 58 „ 3 62 „ 3 67 „ 9 August - J NOTABILE. 24 F. 6 August -!S.Pubblio?- - -Undrained Unpaved Good No Over the Gate Clean Not crowded 3 Street 73 „ 17 „ - Lunga,24 - .. ป lst Floor 72 M. 1 September S.Nicola, 4- • - ? ป ป Ground Floor Indifferent „ None NIGEET. 70 |M. I 9 September I - I Undrained Unpaved Good Yes Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Both MTARFA. 62 |M I 4 September I - I Undrained Unpaved Good No Ist Floor Not crowded 2 Garden CASAL ATTARD. 40 M. 29 July - Reale, 37 - - - Undrained Unpaved Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Garden 60 „ 10 August - Zebbug,3o- - ? ป Open Yard 22 i 8i 8 , - St. Antonio. 31 - - „ ป ป ™ Floor „ None 2nd Floor Clean „ 1 Street 40 F. 27 • ป ป •• " " " 55 M. 22 - St.Domenico.ls - ฆ „ „ . Ground Floor „ „ 4 vents Yard 4 F. 26 - ป m " " 40 M. 23 „ - M01in0,46 - .. m ป Entrance 20 F. 27 „ ฆ .. ป • ' • " " " " 65 M. 22 September Curmi, 9 - - ป ซ ป lst Floor " ป 2 Y^J|S? „. „ Clean, damp Crowded 3 vents Yard 40 F. 22 ? - „ 26 - • - ป ป. ป ป " 35 M. i 3 October - Piazza della Chiesa. 12 - .. „ ? Yes Ground Floor Not clean Not crowded 1 Street CASAL BALZAN. 68 M| 5 August -lEeale.29 - - -| Undrained Unpaved Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Street I CASAL LIA. 55 M. 6 August - Preziosi,l - - • Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Yard 81 „ 2 October - Stretta, 6 ---?.,ปป 2 70 F. 9 August - „ 31 - - - h ป ป ป 40 „ 13 September Reale, 1 ? ป ป Ist Floor ? ป ki „ Ground Floor „ „ 1 Yard 40 M. 10 August „ 51 w ป ป• " 82 „ 20 „ - „71 • - - „ ? . ป ป lBtFloor " " 4 "SftSSt 1 4 „ 31 October - Forni,s6 - - - „ ป " Ground Floor „ „ Yard 10 F. 19 September „58 - - - . „ - - lst Floor ป ป 2 Both CASAL BIRCHIRCARA. 75 M. 24 July - Ganu. 2 • - • Undrained Unpaved Indifferent No Entrance Indifferent Not crowded 1 Yard „ , , „ Clean „ 1 * ป * 65 „ 1 September „ 6 >• ป ป ป _ „ ,- . Good Yes Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 2 „ APPENDIX TO REPORT Cases of Cholera occurred during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio)— continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors : Quality Any Smell Nature Whether whether at the How Situation Whether suchGkdley of How Nuisance Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell openingintoa "Drawn Water Tank: any Accommo . supplied arose "Common Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: from ซ™ ป cient." or "From t>___, >• „_ or attacked, ซOnpn "By Priwat Stair," or into derived "Clear," cc > ฐ WeU ซ Room, or Drains . Court orwhe ther ฐP en Pipe," nvya , "Muddy" "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of the "Tasted sumcient ,, "ft™ "Under "^ the House ., Common "Hand, Attack; "Outer Air." badly." Pipe," Ac. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." 'Yes, ; Ac Or " N ฐ-" SSSI &c - &c - or " No "j Rain Good Sufficient Tank Garden Yes No No Cesspool By hand Yes Outer air Spring Good Sufficient Carried None No No None — — Rain „ „ .. Well water, Yes „ „ Cesspool — — Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Without No No No IDungroom — Yes — Outer air Spring Good Sufficient Tank Yard No No No Dung room - No Outer air Rปin Good Sufficient Tank Yard No No No Dung cellar -• No „ „ „ Carried Yard, empty „ „ „ ป — ป „ „ >, Tank Yard „ „ ซ ป — ป ? „ ป ป .ป ป Dung cellar — „ — ~ „ ป ป ป ป ป i •' ~~ ป Carried Yard, empty Yes „ „ Cesspool — Occasion- ป ally, j-es. „ Tank Yard No „ „ Dung room — No „ „ House „ „ ป None — — Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried None Yes No No Cesspool — No Outer air Rain, and Good Sufficient Tank Yard Yes No No Cesspool — No aqueduct. ___ „ Rain „ ป ป >ป ป •> ป ป ป „ „ Carried None No „ „ None — — — — „ Tank Entrance „ „ „ Dung cellar — No „ House Yes „ „ Cesspool, — „ — — " " trapped. „ „ „ Yard „ „ „ Cesspool — ป — ~~ Rain, and „ ป ป Garden „ „ „ . „ . — ปป aqueduct. Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Yard No No No Dung room — No — - „ ? n iป ป ป ป >ป i> ป •' P 4 113 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 114 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XIX. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. "~ ~- State Stato Statein whether State n™, of Street Court State State general whether which Floor the Wall whet her,at Name of Street, Court, whether any ofthe gute Place, &c. th e Street the Condition Nuisances House the Floors of ofA t ta ck, State whether Bate and or Court Surface was of Street were Patient was the House the Inmates No theWindowa * ฑ - m..,*^ . n=>4 . ~;r y r*? ซ=- •—ฆ•• ••=, '"T 1 -ปฆ ปpe— Death. ofHouse orซUn- or " In - "In- at or "Ground Floor," ,. In . ซ Crowded ,ป affected aซStreet," where attacked. drained." different," before the "Mezzanine," different/ . . or " both." Yrs. 1865. 64 F. 24 September Ganu, 47 - - Undrained Unpaved Good Yes Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Yard 5 „ 27 July - Molino, 6 - • - „ „ „ No Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 2 Yard and Garden. 26 „ 20 August „ 11 - „ „ „ Yes Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 3 Yard and Terrace. 40 „ 3 September Misida, 28- - • Drained „ „ No „ „ „ 1 Yard 46 „ 14 August - „ 105 - - - „ „ „ Yes Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded 1 „ 25 „ 14 „ - ?106- - - „ n „ „ „ Clean Not crowded 2 „ 24 M. 23 September „ 111- . - „ „ „ No „ Not clean „ 1 Street 72 F. 13 August 112- „ „ „ Yes „ Clean „ 2 Both 40 M. 28 July - „ 143- - „ — — — — — — 79 „ 13 August - S. Giuliano, 4 - - „ „ „ No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Yard 75 F. 18 „ - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 173„2i-„„ „ „ „ „ „ 2 75 „ 26 „ „ 77 „ „ „ „ IstFloor „ „ 2 Street and Terrace. It* „ 30 July • „ ,03 „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 Street 60 „ 11 August - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 Yard 75 „ 31 July - 95 „ „ „ „ Indifferent „ 1 75 „ 4 August - „ 96 • • „ „ „ Yes Ground Floor Not clean „ 2 Both 13 M. 14 „ - „ 97 „ „ „ No „ Indifferent ?2 „ r 17 F. 1 „ - Vicolo Sampusa, 11 - Undrained „ Indifferent „ Ist Floor Clean „ 1 Street 45 M. 21 „ - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 45 „ 14 „ - „ 13 „ „ „ „ „ Indifferent „ 2 Both 41 F. 4 „ - „ 20 - „ „ „ Yes „ Clean Crowded 1 Street 6 „ 23 „ • „ 29 - „ „ Good No Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 „ 53 „ 2 September „ 30A - „ „ „ „ Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 >t 75 ?1 August • Vicolo Bazzara, 1 - „ „ „ „ Ground Floor Indifferent „ 1 Yard 6 „ 2 „ - >, 3 - „ >, „ „ „ „ Crowded 3 vents | M 27 „ 14 „ - „ 44 - „ „ „ Yes „ Clean Not crowded 1 n 16 7 - ? 16 - „ „ „ „ IstFloor „ „ 1 Shop 40 M. 23 „ - Reale, 15 - - - Drained „ „ „ „ „ „ 2 Sti-eet 30 F. 27 „ - „ 50 - - - „ „ „ No „ „ ? 2 Street, terrace 54 „ 4 „ - „ 226 - - - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 2 Both 6 „ 14 „ - Dietro la Vittoria, 2 - Undrained „ Indifferent „ Ground Floor „ ป 1 Yard 8 „ 15 „ - „ „ „ - „ >. „ ป Ist Floor „ „ 2 Both 33 „ 17 „ • ? ? „ - ? ? ? ? ป ? .. 2 12 M. 5 „ - ป. „ 7 - „ „ Good „ Yard „ „ — 4 M 12 „ - Vittoria, 30 - - - „ „ Indifferent Yes Ist Floor Indifferent Crowded 2 vents Yard 2 S \ „ 27 „ - „ 38 - - - „ ? „ No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Street 50 F. 3 September Herba, 2 - - Drained „ Good „ Ist Floor „ „ 1 Yard 64 „ 21 August ป 8 - - Undrained „ Indifferent „ „ Indifferent „ 1 Street 12 M. 23 „ - „ 9 • - - „ „ „ Yes Ground Floor Not clean Crowded l Yard j 14 F. „ „ - „ 11 - • - „ „ „ No „ Clean Not crowded l „ 40„25„„„-•„ „ „ ป „ „ ii 1 2 f 'u M. 26 September „ 19 • • Drained „ Good Occasion- IstFloor „ „ 1 Street ally, yes. 4* F. 7 October -„„••ฆ ป •> .. ป .. „ „ 1 „ f.l M. 7 August „ 32 - - Undrained „ „ No „ „ „ 1 90 F. 8 - „ 38 • • - „ ป Indifferent „ Ground Floor „ ,', 2 Both 2K M. 9 September „ 44 • - Drained „ Good „ Ist Floor „ „ 1 Yard 27 F. 3 „ - „ 45 • - „ „ ii ป ป .. ป 1 Street 70 „ 6 August - Herba Vicola, 5 - - Undrained „ Indifferent „ „ „ „ 2 Yard 16 „ 5 September Vallone, 60 - ? Good Yes Ground Floor „ 1 82 „ 10 „-„„---,. ฆ •• ป n ป ป 1 I ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 115 where Cases of Cholera occurred during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. "Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors: Quality Any Smell Mature Whether wither at the How Situation Whet]ior ™!ฐซJป U^Ucy of Nuisance „._„..„„ Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley I or Sink Privy I Privy is or Smell Attack: outer Air. badly," Pipe,"&e. Court." &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes," ** _ ฐ r '^ฐ- j SeT *>• '** | ซ*-ปป" - I I i " ~T~ " " " i i ' j r r ' ' Outer air Rain Good Sufficient | Tank j Yard No No No [Dung room J — No ! i n ฆ• ? •> Carried Yard, empty; „ „ „ — „ — „ Aqueduct „ ? „ None „ „ „ iDung cellarj — • „ Common stair „ ? ป ป i Yard, empty j „ „ „ j Dung room — Yes . w „ „ ? ป ? Yes „ „ I Cesspool „ „ Rain „ „ „ None „ „ „ v No • II i ' Outer air ? „ ป ! Tank ; Yard No „ iDung room — „ I ! ! ! — __ — __— ____ Attacked at 60, Strada S. Outer air Rain ; Good Sufficient Tank j Yard No No No Dung room — - No ' a " < j j I | j >i ป >. Carried ; None „ „ „ jDung cellar; — Occasion- ; ally, yes. ! g „ „ .. .. | Tank , House Yes „ „ sink By hand „ ' Common stair ป ป. ป ป Yard No „ „ j Dung room — I No Outer air „ ? ป ป ป> Yes , „ „ Sink By hand Occasion- „ . ฆ, , T ? ally, yes. ; „ ii ปป .. , Carried j jNone ]\o „ ? I Dung room! — A T o Common stair „ i ป :> v Yard, empty ; „ j „ „ „ _ „ Outer air „ .. .. j ? Entrance, ; I „ „ __ Occasion- *- l mpty- ally, yes. | „ „ „ •> ? Street, empty! „ „ v Dung cellar^ — ' No „ ป .. .. ป None „ „ ? „ Yes „ ,> n ป n ป >j >< v None — Common stair ? ป. ป ! Tank Yard „ ? „ Dung cellari — No , a „ „ „ ; Carried j Yard, empty „ „ H v ;j B „ h .1 Tank | Yard „ „ „ M __ Yes , v ป ป ป n " >' ป h Dung room — No n .. >• >ป ป House Yes „ „ Cesspool — Occasion-! „ , ally, j-es. „ „ .. .. ป „ „ „ Sink By hand „ j, ? ? .. .i .. No „ „ Dung room — No ? >. .. ... .. House Yes „ Yes Cesspool — Occasion- f ? . ally, yes. „ „ .ป .. ? Yard „ „ No " Sink By hand No „ a ป ป " " No „ „ Dung cellar — „ „ Rain and „ „ , Carried Yard, empty j No „ „ Dung room — Occasion- aqueduct. A \ ally, yes. m Rain „ „ Tank j Entrance „ „ „ Dung cellar — No ป ป ป ป ป ป Yes „ „ gink By hand „ ซ ป .. .. ป Entrance No „ „ Dung cellar — „ Common stair Aqueduct „ „ Carried Yard, empty „ ป ป „ — Yes _..'.. 19034. ป Q Table XIX. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, Fatal Cases of Cholera. gtate Windows. " State State Statein whether State K.Wftat.Cnrt Stete State general whether which Floor theWaU whether, at Name of Street, Court, whether ซ^J™ any ofthe gtate Place, &c. the Street the Condition Nuisances House the Floors of ofAtt ack, State whether Date and or Court Surface was ofStree t were Patient was the House the Inmates n thfiWin(lows *? o, „_, ,. D ;™ a ,, ฆ%* r ~. „-. .ฃฃ;. ..=,, ot " .ป' o— Death. of House orl ซ Un _ or "In- ,, Ground Floor „ ?1 vent Field 65 M. 22 October - „ 58 - „ „ „ ? Ist Floor „ „ 1 Street 77 „ 9 August - Laxia, 3 - ฆ Drained „ „ „ Ground Floor „ „ 1 Yard 73 F. 16 „ ",,ป.- " - Undrained „ Indifferent „ „ Indifferent „ 1 „' 40 ? 22 „ „ 5 - - - Drained „ Good „ „ Clean „ 1 ,/' 48 „ 1 September „ „ - - Undrained „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 2 Yardtind garden. 81 M. 3 „ „ 15 - „ ป Indifferent „ „ „ „ 1 .. Street 28 F. 19 August „ 38 - - Drained „ „ Yes Ground Floor Not clean \ „ % „ 4 M. 20 „ „ „ - - ป, ป „ ? ป ? „ 2 „ 10 „ 9 „ - S. Rocco, 111 ป .. Good „ Ist Floor Clean Crowded 1 „ฆ 56 „ 17 „ - „ „ - - „ h ? .. ? „ „ 1 1, 27 F. 9 „ - Vicolo Meghada 2 - ป ป Indifferent No „ „ Not crowded 3 Yard and terrace. 60 M. 12 „ - Rigu, 21 - - - ป ป Good Yes „ Indifferent i „ 1 Street 23 „ 10 i, 37 - - >. ป ป ป Ground Floor Clean „ 1 Entrance 60 F. 10 „ „ „ - - ป ป ? No „ „ „ l Yavd I 51 M. 10 „ „ - - - ? .. „ ป ป „ „ 1 ป' 54 F. 16 „ - Vicolo Biccier, 15 - - Undrained ? Indifferent Yes „ „ Crowded None — 76 M. 10 „ „ 26 ฆ 11 ป ป No „ Indifferent Not crowded 1 Yard 16 „ 13 „ - Vicolo Don Vestru, 6 - j ? ป Good „ „ Not clean ; „ None - i 38 F. 11 „ „ 12 - „ ป „ „ „ Clean „ 3 vents YRrd 90 M. 11 „ - Vicolo Cantur (6), 7 - Drained „ Indifferent Yes „ „ „ None u ~ 83 F. 13 „ - Vicolo Gharghur, 8 - Undrained „ Good No Ist Floor „ „ 2 Btith 29 „ 12 September 33 - ? ป ป Yes Terrace „ „ — *- 68 „ 17 August - s. Giuseppe, 21 - - Drained „ „ No Ist Floor „ „ 1 Street 67 „ 14 26 ป ป ป Yes Ground Floor Not clean „ None > " v " W i) 6 August Iฆ " f l\ j•" • I • ป 'ฆ ป ป *f ป M 1 Street I 116 APPENDIX TO REPORT where Case* of Cholera occurred during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio)— continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors: Quality Any Smell Nature Whether o'i x- Whether from nf TVnisnnrp whether at the How Situation wh ether any open such Gulley or How i>lu ™e Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell opening into a Attack. "Drawn Water Tan k. any or at the Accommo- su , p Su ed arose Attack: "guffi. from wau-r -taiiis.. Sink in Time the with REMARKS. "Common Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dafcion: Water: from #>iniit " mป " Prom t. <> or attacked, ซrw>n "By Priwnt, Stair," or into derived "Clear," cient - or m Room," or Drains . Courfc or whet her Open pi „ Privy at derived. , dly ally, yes. Common stair „ ป ป ป None ป " " " "* .- *ฐ Outer air „ ป . ป Tank Yard „ tl „ — Occasion- — — v ป " " " Aqueduct „ ป Carried Yard, empty „ ? „ None Rain „ „ Tank House Yes ป >, Sink By hand No r monstair „ „ Carried House, empty No ป,. Dung room | - Yes „ ? „ Entrance „ ป „ ป — ป „ „ Carried House, empty j „ ป ? ป ป Outer air „ ป ป ป Yard, empty Tank Yard „ ป „ None — — ป ป I „ Entrance ฆ „ Yos „ Dung room l — Yes '* " II Yard „ No „ Dung cellar ; — „ ป ป " Common stair „ ป ป ป Par^rraider „ I Olltpr ai _ „ „ „ Yard Yes .. „ Sink By hand No vjuuer air ป *ป " t " I ' | ! Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Yard Yes No No Cesspool No „ No .ป „ None — — — • „ „ „ ? ป .. Dung cellar — Yes „ Carried None „ ป „ None — ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XIX. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, " ' ' I ' I ~ \ " Fatal Cases of Cholera. ' Slato Windows. State ! Btato Btatein I whether State Xn,nc , f Str,,ปfc Court State **!*? i 8ซral whether I which Floor ; the Walls, ! whether, at j\ainc ot hiit't'i, Loin t, tmiiAitittim .>.> i. „>• it.,. ซ/.,<,. ! whether whether j Sailitary BB| ot the j Ceilings, or the Dato State Place, &c, | the Street tllc j Condition Xvi * xll ซH House the Floors of of Attack, State whether Date and lor Court Surfaco was | of Street were Patient was theHousc tl ic Inmates Ko th . Win(lows a ss P * MteWMmtei ** " Pr ฐ Perly orCo ป rt: C ฐ m " attaCkCd: ™ป oftheEooms ** theWmdows Age. Sex. of *umbei 01 JX^.utuMi ? „ pavea ,> .. f , 00d ,, plained of| "Basement," , <6lenn ป weM in openinto Death. of House op^ or -'la- ซ In . at or "Ground Floor," . „ In . •< Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked, drained." different," different," *ซ&**&* "Me&ahfoe," L li&ront ป ซ Not ซrwfป or "Bad." mU^ v Timcof "Ist Floor." ior ซ x<|t crowdetl/ . &c . R ฐฐ m ' C ฐ Urt ซ Attack. " 2nd Floor, &c."| o laau" or "both." i * ! '_ Yrs. 1865. I '< I 15 M. 10 August - I Marsascala 0 - - ฆ Undrained Unpaved j Good No i Ground floor I Clean | Not crowded I 1 Yard 52 „ 27 July - 10 - j „ „ „ Yes „ „ i 2 vents I i 20 „ 6 August - „ ? - - I „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 2 „ 70 F. 29 July 11 - - i „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 2 Yard and field 11 M. 5 August - i ฆ „ 12 „ „ ? „ j Not clean ' „ 1 Yard 44 „ 29 July -„„--„ ? ? ป v .. >. 1 15 „ 5 August - „ 32 - - „ ? I Indifferent No | Ground Floor i Tndifi'erent ! „ 2 Street, yard 60 „ 9 „ - „ 40 „ ? Good Yes Ist Floor Clean „ 1 Street 6 F. 29 July - Santa Domenica, 35 - „ .. „ No Ground Floor ' „ „ 2 Street and garden. 14 „ 4 October - j „ 45 - „ ? „ „ ? „ „ 1 Field 28 M. 3 September „ 61 • „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 2 Street, yard 4,1 F. - ? „ v „ ? Ground Floor „ „ 2 ? I r 2 8 „ „ • „ „ „ „ ป „ „ .. A „ 8 M. 30 August - | SanGiacomoVicoloClauso, ? „ Indifferent „ „ „ „ 2 vents Yard 40 F. 31 „ - „ 51 „ „ Good Yes „ Indifferent j „ 2 Street, yard 77 „ 16 „ - „ „ ! „ ? „ „ „ „ „ 2 3 „ 11 „ - „ 69 „ „ Indifferent „ „ ' Not clean j „ 1 Yard 80 M. 7 „ - Vicolo Lairi, 51 - - j „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 1 Terrace 9 „ „ „ - Reale,lo6 ... „ „ Good No „ Clean „ 2 Both 50 F. 6 „ - „ 122 „ „ „ ป I Grround Floor „ „ 2 „ !3 „5 „ - „ 185 -- • i I " " " lst Flool ' " " X ltliold 30 M 13 H • „ „ • - ป ). ป ป ' Ground Floor „ „ 1 Yard 30 M. 31 October -„„--- „ ? „ „ lst Floor ; Indifferent j „ 1 Street 19 F. 24 September „ 47 - - • ป .ป ? ป Ground Floor | Clean „ 2 „ 85 M. 12 October 69 - ป ป „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 2 Terrace, yard 65 „ 10 August - Delia Chiesa, 20 - - „ „ — — — ซฆ 62 F. 17 „ - „ 27 - - I : , „ Good No Ground Floor Clean j Not crowded 1 Yard 72 M. 3 „ - Sau Giuseppe ? - - ' i ? „ Yes „ : Indifferent ซ 8 Street and entrance. 50 „ 24 „ - Vicolo, Madonna de' Mira- j „ „ Indifferent No „ Clean ? 2 Both coli, 11 - - - I 75 F. 28 „ . A r icolo, San Francesco, 14 - „ „ Good „ „ „ „ 2 Garden 41 „ 7 September j Biccieui Vicolo, 1", 188 - "I I' ic liff el ' en t ป. ป. =. „ 1 Street 2% „ 18 „ - j Biccioni Viuolo, 2' 1( ', 12 1 . I „ „ Bad „ lst Floor „ „ i Street 40 M. 20 „ „ „ - j „ „ „ ? ? ? „ 1 Yard 4 16 „ - Biccieni Vicolo, Bฐ, 111 • ป ? Indifferent j Occasion- Ground Floor ฆ „ „ 1 „ ally, yes. 35 F. 13 * ป 113 - I „ ? Bad No „ „ „ 2 ป 37 „ 20 „ - i „ 115 • I „ : Indifferent j „ Ist Floor „ „ 2 Both 43 M. .... • j ป ป- ! ป .. ? ft 2lld KOOP „ „ 1 Yard 75 F. 13 ? - Nuova, 15 - - - | „ „ Good f „ J Ground Floor ' „ l Street 22 „ 30 „ - I ? 17 - - - ! „ „ „ : Occasion- lst Floor ? „ 2 ally, yes. 75 „ 26 „ - I Vicolo Luiet, 9 - - „ „ „ No Ground Floor „ „ j 2 vents Yard 17 F. 28 „ - Vicolo, San Vinc'iizo, 11 - — - — — — — — — 19 „ 9 October - Dietro la Chiesa, 11 - Undrainod , Unpaved i Indifferent No Ggound Floor Clean : Not crowded j 1 Yard 85 M. 17 August - Dietro il Giardino. 1< - „ „ Good „ „ „ ? 1 Street ... CASAL ZEITUN. 23 F. 31 August - Viccolo, San Isodoro, 7 - Undrained Not paved Indifferent Yes I Ground Floor ; Clean Not crowded None — 55 „ 81 July - ' 7 - „ „ No „ I 1 Yard APPENDIX TO REPORT where Cases of Cholera occurred during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio)— continued. * Water Supply. House Drainage. i . ... i I Doors : nnnlitv Any Smell I Nature i Whether o . t ? Whether from j , - Whlmlimw whether at the How Situation ! whether any open |such Gulley; of j How "U™"™ Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell openingintoa "Drawn Water Tank: any Accom]uo . supj.hed aroge "Common Whence "Good" Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was datiou: Water: from ' Hent " or "From t. h or attacked, >n "By p.:,,. .1 Stair," or into derived "Clear," citnt, or om> , or O r whether Open H Pmv ?t uLiiveu. ; (ซK o ป &c. affected. &( " ic or JNo< Outer air Bain j Good | Sufficient j Carried None No No No Dung cellar - No i „ „ „ ? >, Dung roonr — Yes ... M „ „ Tank Yard „ „ .ป .. — | No ii ป. >ป None — j — I M „ Carried „ „ ? .. v — r, x • Tank : ? „ ? .. Dunj? cellar — Yes Common stair >• ป ป i " _, . . Yes „ ? Cesspool — No Common stair ป ป " " _ , \o ? ? Dung cellar — , „ I Outer air ป , ป " I Common stair | „ ป - Carried \ Noiie - - " " " j Tank I Yard „ ? „ „ Yes j Outa-air ป - ป Cal>ried I None " " " Dangvoom, - . — ฆ ฆ . . ?„„ป, Dung cellar — „ I Common stair .. ป " _ . ! Entrance, Yes „ „ Cesspool — ; No Outer air ปป ป '• empty. Tank Yaซl ? „ „ ? — , ป Common stair ป \ Carried Xolie - - - - I"" " Tank j Yai"d No „ „ i Dung cellar — j Occasion- „ ' I „ Yes „ „ I Cesspool — No .—. — Outer air ป ป " No „ „ Dung cellar | — „ ป J' _j^. _ _ — ___ Attacked on a ship anchored - - at the French Creek. Outer air Bปin ; Good | Sufficient Curried None Yes No No Cesspool ! No I _ „ Tank ! Yard „ „ „ ,ป — Occasion- I Common stair >. ป " ally, yes. I Outer air ป " " Garden „ ? „ „ No „ C'amecl : None „ ฆฆ „ .. .. I .. •• ป | Tallk Yard " " " " " ~~ i • , Carried House, empty „ „ „ ป Yes "„.,'„'„ „ ? " - - I None „ v „ v ~ j Occasion- — — ,i " " " ; ally. yes. i v „ Tank I Yard „ „ ? ? — No f M „ „ i Under house ป ป ป ป - ! "~ ป " I Carried None ? .-. „ v ป 1 ง| „ Tank Under house! „ „ „ .. — i Occasion- 1 ; ally yes. gM Yard ? „ „ - No j _ — _ — — — — Attacked at the Nunnery of fl Outer air Rain > Good Sufficient Carried | None Yes No No Cesspool - No — I Common stair Rain I . Good Sufficient j Tank j Yard No No No None - j - — Yes „ „ Cesspool By hand j No Outer air ป " | " Q3 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XIX. — Statistical Eeturn showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, where Fatal Cases of Cholera. gtate Windows. State State Statein whether State ' , a , , r t State State I general whether v/hich Floor the Wall wbe ther,at Name of Street, Court, wheftflp any oftho state Place, &c. the Street the Condition Nuisances House the Floors of o f Attack, State whether Date and or Court Surface was ofStreet were Patient was the House the Inmates N the Windows ' v -, • t . was "Properly or Court : com- attacked: wepe ofthe฿ooms Wmdowh A Sซ- Sex - of Number or Designation .^.^ pave d," UQwA ,, plained of "Basement," ซ clejm/ . were in openinto Death. of House or"Un- or " In - "In- ator "Ground Floor," ..^ "Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked. drained." different," different ,ป before the "Mezzanine," merent; > ซ Not orซ Bad." or ซ Bad /. Timeof "istFloor," or ซ Not crowded ,ป &c . ฐ m> COUrt ' Attack. "2nd Floor, &c." c i ean .ป or "both." i Yrs. 1865. 45 F. 16 August - Sciortino, 25 - - Undrained Not paved Indifferent No Ground Floor Clean ! Not crowded 2 vents Yard 55 „ 5 „ ?39 - „ „ Good Yes „ „ ? lvent „ 7 „ 23 „ - Marsascirocco, 127 - - „ „ „ No „ Not clean Crowded None — 4 „ 23 „ - „ 127- - , „ „ „ ป ป ป ป — 42 „ 28 „ - „ 127 - - i „ h ป ป ป ป ป ป T 8 „ 21 September 133 - - „ „ ? ? „ Indifferent Not crowded 2 vents Yard 30 M. |22 „ - „ 136- - „ „ „ „ v Clean „ „ „ I | ! 65 ป I 4 „ - Santa Maria, 21 - - j „ „ „ •, Indifferent „ 2 Street and room. 73 F. 12 August - ; „ 97 - „ >, „ ? ป Clean „ 1 Street 84 M. 15 „ „ 97 - „ ป „ „ ป ? ป None — 35 F. 17 „ - „ 103 „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 Yard 80 M. 26 September „ 164 - - „ ? „ „ IstFloor „ „ 2 Street 22 F. 12 August - San Michele, 10 - - „ ป ฆ I Indifferent „ Ground Floor Indifferent „ 2 Street, yard 19 M. 19 „ 10 - „ „ „ ป ป ? „ 2 „ I 8 „ 17 „ - SanPietro, 12 -1 ป -ป ป ป ป ป ป 3 vents Yard 30 „ 111 „ - Santa Lucia, 14 - ป Good „ Ist Floor Clean „ % Street, yard i 33 F. 18 „ - Giardino Botanico, 21 - „ ป ป ป. Ground Floor „ „ None — 34 M. 23 „ - 21 - ป - ป ป ป ป ป ป ~ 26 F. 23 September „ 58 - ป ป ป ป ป ป ป ป — 20 „ 18 „ - 58 * ป ป ป ป " Not ฐl ean Crowded „ — 7 M. 17 „ - (| M 58 . „ ป ป ป ป ป n ป — 13 F. 21 „ - „ „ 58 - ป " ป . ป " " " ป ~ 50 M. is „ - 58 ป ป ฆ> ป " ป ป 2 vents Yard 4 F. 17 „ . v 58 - I ป ป ป " " " ป ป ป 19 M. 14 „- 61 - ! ป " ป ป lst Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Street 40 F. 14 „ . (j 61 - ; " " " " ป ป ป 1 ป 38 „ 2 October - „,ซ*-ซ " " " ป '• ป 3 Garden 6 ป 17 September „ 70 - ! ป ป - Yes Ground Floor ป 1 Yard 70 „j 19 „ - „ „ 70 - ป " " ป " " " 1 28 M. i2O ? - „ „ 70 - i " ป I ป " " ป ป 2vents „ i I I I 78 „ 22 „ - „ 70 - ; " " " " " " " ป ป 26 „ 19 „ - Vicolo Molino, 17 - - I ป ป No " " ป None ~ 60 „| 17 „ . „„19 - -j ป '• •> >' IstFloor 80 F. 17 (| . „ 19 . . | ป ป ? ป. n ป .ป „ — 14 21 21 • - " " " " Ground Floor Not clean j „ l Field 20 M. 18 v . Herba,2l ...ป ป ป ป •ป clean ป 3 Yard 85 F - 3 October - „34 - - ฆ " ป | Indifferent j Yes IstFloor „ „ i Street 62 ป 20 September „39 - - - ป ป Good No Ground Floor Not clean | „ 2 5 M. 23 40 - " ป " " " Clean " 1 Yard 33 ,) ii October - „ 50 - - - | " " ป ป " " " 1 Street 11 „ „ p Herba, Vicolo 4ฐ, 9 - " ป Indifferent „ „ Not clean Crowded None — 75 F. 26 September „ ป 17 -| ป ป '• ป " Clean Not crowded 2 vents Yard 45 M. i October - Herba, Vicolo San Felice 7 j " " " Yes " •' " 2 58 „ 29 September j ? ? 8 ซ „ ป No „ Indifferent „ 3 Street, yard 75 p. 19 „ . San Emidio, 13 - - j „ Good Yes „ Not clean „ 1 yy a rd 5 „ 4 October - „ 11 • • J „ „ „ No ? Clean „ 1 (J 3 M. 27 September 20 ฆ „ „ „ „ IstFloor „ „ 1 street 65 F. 17 August - Madonna della Pieta, 34 - „ „ „ „ Ground Floor „ „ 1 6 M. 19 September „ „ 80 ฆ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ % Street, yard 5 „ 22 August - Barone, 9 - - - i „ „ ! Indifferent „ Above ground Indifferent „ 2 „ ! ' 67 5 September Concezione, 24 - - „ „ Good i Yes Ist Floor j Clean •„ l Yard f I ill 120 APPENDIX TO REPORT Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors: Quality . Any Smell Nature Whether whether atthe How Situation whether SoS sucl^Gulley of How | Nuisance j • t Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is !or SmcJl ., Common attack: , "Clear," -ent," or -^g. Room ,, or aQpm pAvy &t +jj "Muddy," " In- "Carried," " House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of "TnstP.l "Drawn ซ T TnfW "Yes," the House opened ?r "Hand," Att _ plr . "OntArAir" sufficient." from Under attacked : within the om mon ,, Not Attack: uuiur a.ir. badly," Pipe," &c. Court," &c. or " No." " Yes," Room Privy," supplied." " Yes," &-_ ฐ r " NO "_ O a r ffSฐt^ <** ซ"^ M Common stair Rain Good Sufficient Tank Yard No No No Dunj? room i — Yes Outer air „ „ „ Carried None Yes „ „ Cesspool ฆ Not No Common stair „ „ „ Tank Yard No „ „ Dung room — „ Outer air „ „ „ „ „ Yes „ „ Cesspool j — „ „ „ „ „ „ Entrance Yes „ „ Cesspool Not I Yes v „ „ „ „ Entrance Yes „ „ Cesspool Not Yes Common stair „ „ „ Carried Tank, under „ „ Yes „ Yes yard, empty. By hand Outer air „ „ „ Tank Yard „ „ No „ Not No ป ป m ป ป ii ป n ii >i ii ,i This man slept in the enii ii ii ป ii Entrance „ „ „ „ „ Yes Common stair „ „ „ „ Street No „ „ Dung cellar — „ 1> II II II I! II II I) II II II Outer air „ „ „ „ Yard Yes „ „ j Cesspool Not ! „ ? ป „ ii Carried None „ „ „ Dung cellar Yes >ฆ Adjoining to a pigsty. i, „ ป ii Carried Yard, empty Yes „ „ Cesspool ' — „ — — ,1 I 1 I I „ „ „ „ Tank Entrance No „ „ „ — „ v ,i n ii ii Yard „ „ „ Dung cellar — No i> ป „ ,i Carried None Yes „ „ Cesspool Yes Common stair „ „ „ „ Yard, empty Yes „ „ Cesspool — „ Outer air „ „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ — No Common stair „ „ „ Tank Yard No „ „ Dung cellar — „ (Outer air „ „ „ „ „ Yes „ „ Cesspool — Yes — — ป ii ii ป Carried None No „ „ Dung room — No — ป m ป ป Tank Yard Yes „ „ Cesspool — ป — — mmon stair „ „ „ „ „ No „ „ Dung room — Yes — - Outer air „ „ „ „ „ Yes „ „ Cesspool ~ ป — ~ ป ซ ป ii ii ป> ป M ii ? — No She slept in the yard. ปป ป ป ; >ป II •> >ป II ซ I) ""* II ~~~ ._ M ?- 1m ปป *f ii ii No „ n Dung room — „ — — r f 'ปป •ป; n k ii Yes Yes Yea Cesspool By hand „ — ซ• ฆ 121 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XIX. — Statistical Keturn showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, I i ' ' ! Fatal Cases of Cholera. gtate Windows. I i State I State I Statein ! whether State ~ T~ " W^nfsLttWl i State State general | whether \ wMch Floor , the Walls, ! whether, at Mono of Street, Co.it, whflther , any of the L^^ State Race, &0., the Street the Condition 1 House the j Ploops of ofAttack< state I whether Bate and or Court ' Sllrltew ! of Street , weic Patient ™ s I the House the Inmates x ' the Windows j . ซ. , ซ.ซi ™ • #• ซaซ "Properly O r Court. co ™- i attacked: were !of the Rooms AgB> j ' Number or Designation ..j^j^J paved> .. mQo^ H plairiedof "Basement," j .< ciean/ , j were in open into Death, of Home or'-Un- ซ"&ป• "In- at Or "Ground Floor,", "In- | "Crowded," affected 1 a "Street," where attacked. drained. 1 ' different," differemV ' !**>ซ thej ซ Mezzanine" , diflerelltr j .< Not I „ or"Bad." 01 .,, 8iwU , ; Timeof j "Ist Floor" j or ซ Not i crowded/ > &c . RoOm - 1 Court ' ' Attack. "2nd Floor," &cJ c i can> ป ฆ or "both." ffrs. 18G5. i :• I i 82 M. 6 September San Domenico, 18 • - Undrained j Unpaved j Indifferent j No j Ground Floor ; Clean j Not crowded 1 Yard 60 „ 23 „ - „ „ 51 - ฆ „ „ Good Yes „ j Indifferent j „ 2 vents „ 66 F. 4 „ ฆ I „ ? 52 ซ • „ „ „ it ? Clean „ „ „ 48 „ 29 August - : Vicolo Vandomo, 20 • „ „ j Indifferent j No „ „ „ 2 Yard and Field 14 „ 7 September j „ „ 30 -j „ Good „ Ist Floor „ „ 2 Street, yard 24 „ 20 August - I San Giovanni Vicolo Iฐ, 5 „ „ 'indifferent „ Ground Floor „ „ 1 Yard 62 M. 19 October - ; „ 22 „ Good Yes Ist Floor „ „ 2 Street 6 F. 2 September ' Vicolo 4ป, 28 ? „ No Ground Floor | „ „ 1 Yard 19 M. 29 August - ! San Francesco, 19- - j „ „ „ ป ป .. ป> 1 ป"ฆ 78 F. 1 September Nuova, 37 ฆ ? „ .ป ป Not clean „ None -• 56 „ 11 October ฆ ฆ „ 17 - - • „ „ „ •ป I s * Floor Clean „ ' 2 Both 45 M. 6 August - I „ 36 - - - ป ป .. ป Ground Floor Not clean „ None -v 58 F. 8 September „ 37 - • • I ซ •> ป ป - ป ป None "* 6 ?10 „ - Piazza Maggiore, 8 - | ? „ „ ? Clean „ 1 Street 18 M. 16 „ - ! „ 2(5 - „ „ „ Yes Ist Floor „ „ 80 „ 18 „ • Vicolo Molino, 22 - - ] ? — — — — — . _ _ 13 „ 17 „ - ; Piazza Santa Maria, 24 -! „ ? Indifferent No Ground Floor j Clean Crowded >1 Yard 32 „ 19 „ • i Vicolo Alessandro, 2 „ Good Yes „ „ „ 1 vent „ 43 F. 22 „ - | Vicolo Rondo, 2 - - j ? ป Indifferent No Ist Floor „ „ None -ป 80 „ 8 August - Reale, 82 - • - ป ป Good „ Ground Floor „ i Not crowded ' 1 Yard 6 „ 13 October 100 ฆ • ฆ „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 3 Street, garden, 70 „ 13 August • ! Tempio, 23 - - - „ ป „ „ j Ground Floor „ „ 1 Street 12 M. 16 „ - I Sceiba, 5 - „ „ „ „ Indifferent j „ ' 1 Yard 27 F. 29 July - „ 20 - - • „ „ „ „ „ Not clean „ 2 Street 10 M. 2 October - Vicolo Diodato, 12 - - „ ? Indifferent Yes „ „ Crowded None — 55 „ 6 „ - Sta. Cattarhia, 4C--ป „ — — — — _=_ m. • 70 F. 22 „ - San Cirillo, 5 „ Indiffei-ent Indifferent No j Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Yard and 86 17 ,i 5 ! ป ป ป ป ป ป ป ' ' Street and 9 M. 17 September ! Marsascirocco, 138 - - „ „ Good „ Ist Floor „ „ Both MARSASCIROCCO HARBOUR. 56 M. 9 August - Marsascirocco, 40 - -I Undrained Unpaved Indifferent No Ist Floor Not clean Crowded 2 Street and field. CASAL CURMI. 15 M. 21July • | Mghiered ... Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor — — — <~ 65 F. 27 August - ! Reale, San Giorgio, 6 - Drained „ „ Yes „ Clean Not crowded 1 Street 4 M. 26 „ • „ 109 • „ „ „ No First Floor „ „ 1 „ 83 F. 19 ,i • 2W • „ „ Indifferent „ ป ป „ 1 „ g6g 6 31 i; . 209 • „ „ „ Yes Mezzanine Not clean „ 1 Yard / 66 M. 17 - 219 • „ „ Good No First Floor Clean „ 2 Street 27 F. 31 • 222 " ป ป Indifferent Yes Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Yard 62 M. 28July • 226 - „ „ „ No — — — — — S3 22 August • ป 297 M „ Good Yes Ground Floor Clean Not crowded > 1 Street 43 p. 14 . Sta. Maria, 4 • „ „ No „ Indifferent w 2 Both 62 M. 17 „•!ปป••.. ป ซ ป ป ป ป 2 40 28 July • ' ป 27 • '• „"' „ ป ป ป Not clean „ 2 vents Yard 60 ii 31 August ป ป * ป ป m ป ป ป ป " ป 65 P. 29 July - tittoria, 33 • ? • „ „ „ ป ป. Indifferent „ None — 00 ii 20 August * „ 55* • ป ป ป ปป ป 'ป i Clean „ 1 Yard APPENDIX TO REPORT t ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 123 > where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1 860 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. I ! Doors : Quality ' Any Smell Nature Whether j whether at the i How j Situation j whether anyopcn such Gulley of | How Nuisance . Time of Quantity: obtained:: of Gulley or Sink Privy i Privy is or Smell open.ngmtoaj "Dปwn WaterTftnk! any Accomrao . ! w "Common Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under | House the Street Patient was dation: Water: from ~, . „ • ซr>i™ ป dent," or "From !>„„ซ ป „_ i or I attacked, ซn wn , "By p,,; vv ftt Stair," or into j derived . Clear, | We fiป Room, or , Drains: ; Court O r whether Upen Pipe," ; niVi at "Muddy,"l " In- "Carried," " House," j ! close to ! any Drain Sink," or "By i Time of * ซm t- 1 ! "Drawn ซttv,,i™. i "Yes," the House opened ซp nmlrim , Hand," I ปttnnk- Tasted ! sufficient." from Under ' attacked : within the Lommon "Not | AttacK - Outer Air. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied.'' "Yes," *c or"No."iO a r f House &c . &c . j^.,, ~~~ [I ! ! Outer air Rain | Good Sufficient Tank Yard Yes No No Cesspool IBy hand No Common stair „ „ ป Carried None „ „ „ Dung room ; — Yes. Outer air „ >, ? ป ? ป ป ป ป ป „ „ „ Tank Yard No „ „ ป ~0~ 0 ป „ „ Carried None Yes „ „ Cesspool — No „ „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ ? — ? Yes „ „ — Yes Common stair „ Some- „ „ „ No No „ Dung cellar : — No i what I brackish. Good „ „ House Yes „ „ Cesspool By hand Occasion- j ally, yes. „ „ „ Yard No Yes Yes Dung cellar — x\fo ! „ „ „ House Yes No No Cesspool !By hand J „ " „ „ „ „ Yard No Yes „ Dung cellar ! — Yes Outer air ป .. .. ป ป Yes No „ - Cesspool — „ " „ „ „ Carried None „ „ „ „ — Yes — — — _ — — — — This man slept in a field near Delimara. Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried ! Yard, empty Yes No No Cesspool j฿y hand No „ „ „ „ None No „ „ Dung cellar j — Yes „ „ ii Tank Ysrd „ „ „ „ — No „ „ >, ป ป ป ป .. •ป ป — >• ~~? „ „ „ Under house Yes „ „ Cesspool " ! By hand i „ „ „ „ Carried None No „ „ Dung cellar — „ „ || ป i> >i ป 1> M ป ป " Common stair ป >ฆ ป Tank Yard „ „ „ „ — „ „ „ „ Carried „ „ Yes Yes „ — Yes — — — — — — — — — — This man was a servant in the local cholera hospital, where he slept, and was attacked by tho disease. Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Yard Yes No No Cesspool , .. ? .ป „ „ „ By hand i „ " Rain Good „ Carried Yard, water „ „ „ „ — „ brackish. „ „ „ Tank House Yes „ „ Sink By hand Occasion- — ally, yes. „ ? ป .1 Yard „ „ „ „ „ No Spring Brackish „ Well Room No „ „ Dung room — Occasion- ally, yes. „ Good „ „ Yard 1 es „ „ Dung cellar — No This man slept in the public street on his cart. Rain „ „ Carried Room, empty ' „ „ „ Sink By hand Occasion- j ally, yes. Spring Brackish „ Tank Yard No „ „ Dung room — Yes „ ii ป Carried Yard, empty „ „ „ „ — „ Rain Good „ Tank Yard „ „ „ „ — No „ „ „ ป ? Room Yes „ „ Sink By hand „ 19034. Table XIX. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, where. Fatal Cases of Cholera. state Windows. I State State State in whether State v *ป *p f State State general whether which Floor theWallB whether, at Name of Street, Court, e r whetoer j * miilhry f any of the CeilingS;Or the Date State Place, Ac., the Street the Condition j Nuisances House the Moors of of Attack, State whether Date and . or Court Surface was ofStreet were Patient was the House the Inmates No the Windows „ , „ . _ . .. was "Properly orCourt: com- attacked: were ofthe ฿ooms te^ Sex - of Number or Designation ,, Drained ,, paved," : .< Goodj ป plained of "Basement," ซ. clean ป were in open into Death. of House or"Un- or "In- \ ซ In .' at or "Ground Floor," ซ In .' , "Crowded," affected a "Street," f where attacked. drained." different," different," befora the " Mezzanine," different/ > ซ Not or "Bad." or ซ Ba d.ป Time of j "Ist Floor," or<. ป ป ป ป '• ป 2 52 F- 4, . Vallone,46 ... „ „ Good „ Ground Floor Not clean „ lvent Yard 86 „ 9 „ ..,ป-•-.. 8 m 17 n . Raffaele, 55- • • Drained „ „ „ ป Clean „ 1 28 ป 5 „ - ป 87 • • - „ „ „ „ >ป ป .. ! .. 65 „ 7 „ - ป..••• ? ป .. ป ป ป ป 1 22 7 S. Pietro, 1 - • - „ „ „ Yes First Floor „ „ 1 Terrace 57 16 >,ป•••„ ป ป ป Ground Floor „ „ 2 Both 22 3 0 ป 3 ฆ - „ | „ Indifferent „ Ist Floor „ „ 2 Street .. Q1 . - „ „ „ Ground Floor ? ? 1 Yard oi ป .41 ? • " " " " " 66 „ 12 . „ 13 - - „ „ Good No „ „ „ 2 Both 46 ป 19 September ป 29 - - Undrained „ Indifferent „ „ „ ป 1 Yard 26 >• 8 August • Aloisio, 9 - • • Drained „ Good „ ? ป ป 1 ป 40 M. 10 September ? 18 - • ฆ „ „ Indifferent „ „ „ „ lvent 4 „ 13 August - S.Giorgio, 14 • - Undrained „ „ „ Ist Floor Indifferent „ 2 vents APPENDIX TO REPORT Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. — I Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors : Quality ! Any Smell Nature Whether whether at the How Situation Whether S^pen suchGuW of How Nuisance . , Time of I Quantity : obtained : of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell ฐ P :r AttaCk: i "Sum- "SST ™erTซ*, SiSln T&SL Accommo- -^ arose Common Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: from _, . „ . , ซrciซoซป \ cient," or "From •!>„„_. ป__ or attacked, ซrปซซ^ "By Privcnt Stair," or into deri ved. Clear ซ \ Well," Room - or Drains: Court or whether ฐP en Pipe," Pnv y at , "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of ซrr 01 ,f n j "Drawn ซTTซrW "Yes," the House opened ซซ„„„„„ Hand," kHnrtc • „_, .. „ Taste, Well Entrance Yes „ ? Dung room — No — Good and „ Carried None No „ „ Dung room — >. brackish. within the „ room. „ Rain Good Tank Yard „ „ „ Dung room — * Yes — ป „ Yes „ „ Cesspool Not No supplied. „ „ „ ป Carried None No . „ „ Dung room — Yงs „ „ Tank Entrance Yes „ Yes Sink within By hand Occasion- the room. ally, yes. „ „ ii Yard No „ No Dung room v Yes — Common stair „ ? ป ป ป „ ป ป ป No — — • Outer air Spring Brackish „ Well „ „ „ „ „ — „ „ Rain Good ป Tank „ Yes Yes, sink „ „ — „ „ „ „ ป „ Entrance Yes Yes, sink „ „ — „ Common stair „ „ ป Carried None No No „ „ — .. Outer air „ ป ป Tank Yard Yes Yes, sink „ „ — ป „ Spring Brackish „ Carried None „ „ „ „ — >, Common stair „ ป ป ป ป ? „ ป v ป Outer air Rain Good „ „ „ No No „ „ — ป „ ป v Tank Garden „ „ „ „ — Yes Yard „ „ „ — „ t> ป " ป .ป h ป ป — Occasion- — — ally, yes. Yes „ „ Sink — Yes „ „ „ ii .. Garden No „ „ Dung room — No Common stair „ ป m h Yard „ „ „ „ — „ Outer air Spring BiTickish „ AV'ell „ „ „ „ „ — ? „ Rain Good „ Tank „ Yes Yes, sink „ „ — „ — — „ Spring Brackish „ Well | „ „ „ „ „ — „ — „ „ .. .. .. .. ป i, •• ii ป Tank ? No „ „ — Common stair Rain Good „ „ „ „ No „ „ — Occasion- — — ally, yes. Outer air „ .. ป ป ป ป ปฆ ป ป ~" No — - i — — Good and „ Carried Yard, empty „ „ „ „ — „ — •. brackish. „ Spring Brackish „ Well Yard Yes „ „ Siuk By hand „ — — Common stair „ „ ป. .. ป. ป „ „ „ ป Occasion- — — ally, yes. Outer air Rain Good „ Carried None No „ „ Dung room — No ซ*ฆ R2 125 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XlX.— Statistical Keturn showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, Fatal Cases of Cholera. State * State Stato State in whether State state State g ene ral whether which Floor the Walls, whether, at Name of Street, Court, whether whether Sani tary any ofthe Ceilings, or the Date State Place, &c the Street the Condition Nuisances House the Floors of of Attack, Stato whether Date and orCourt Surface waซ ofStreet we Patient was the House the Inmates No. the windows was "Properly orCourt: com " attacked: were o f the Rooms - n Age. Sex. of Number or Designation . paved," "Good" I )lainedof "Basement," "Clean," were open into Death. of House or^Un' or " In " "la- at ฐ r " Groimd Floor '" "In.. "Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked. drained." ซ"ปซฆ*" different," ปJ"*ซ '"T^" "™ *ซป• "Court," or "Bad." or ซ Ba dป Time of "Ist Floor, O r"Not crowded," &c. Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. clean- ป or "both." I VY 7 S " H. MAugSt - S.Giorgio, 14 - - Undrained Unpaved Indifferent No Ist Floor Indifferent Not crowded 2 vents Yard 31 -p ! 14 .. „ „ ป Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Terrace 23 M. !24 - 17 - Drained „ Good „ Ist Floor Clean „ Yard 32 F. 30 „ - 17 45 „! 27 September „ 45 - - Undrained „ Indifferent „ Ground Floor Indifferent „ 3 vents 60 „ ซ „ - 1 46 - - ป ป Good - - ClCan " 2VCntS 30 20 - ป " - Ist Floor „ ? 2 Both „ 2 Field and 3 M. 29 August - Rocca, l - - ... ป ป ป " • terrace. 3 j24 - 23 - - - Drained „ Indifferent „ „ ป Crowded 2 Both 84 F. !14 „ - , - ซ'- - - Undrained .„ Good „ Ground Floor Not clean Not crowded 2 55 „ 17 „ - j „ „ - - - ป " " " " " " 2 8 „ 15 ? -ipiazzetta.72 - - Drained „ „ .. Mezzanine Clean „ 2 Street 32 M. 15 „ -is. Francesco, 11 - - - " " " lst M ฐฐ r " " * B ฐ th 10 F. 16 „ -|s.Bartolomeo,2o- • - ป , - " Ground Floor „ „ 1 Street 2 19 - ...ป ป> >ป " " " " 22 M 23 . 61 - - ป " " Yes Ist Floor Indifferent „ 2 vents Yard - t, 1Q . „ Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Street 8 i. ia ป v 63 - - " 37 M . 23 > g Paolo 16 . . . Undrained „ Indifferent No „ Indifferent „ 3 vents Both 80 „ 2 September | DonPic ' trO( 39 .... „ Good „ „ Clean ? 1 Yard 22 F. 23 August - „ ป . . " ป " " " " " F™"* 3 M. 25 „ - h M 76 F. 8 September s Benedetto, 62 - - Drained 68 „I 29 August - „ฆซ..-" ป YeS - " " 2VCUtS CASAL MUSTA. ? | v ,, 2 7 July .„, ,„ Undrained Unpaved Good No lst Floor Clean Not crowded; 1 Street oo j;. j a ซiiujf Rcale, 12 - BIM. 30 „ - n v , , „ „ 2 Garden 70 F. j 6 September 13 • - - " " " " 70 M. 1111 11 „ • , I , . „ „ | 2 Street 61 F. 31 August - 161 ... ! 2 {% M. | 2 September ป ป ป ป " ? „ 2 „ 88 F. 3 ? - M .. . „ _ , „ Not clean „ 1 „ 77 M. 29 July - gperanza.ss - . . „ Clean „ 1 „ 62 F. j 5 August -s. Silvestro, 3 • T , Yes „ Indifferent j Crowded 2 Yard 8A ป 30 July - 17 . ป ป les No ? Clean Not crowded ' 1 Street 65 M. 24 August - Molino, 32 ...ป 62 F. 1 September S . Giovallni , 26 - - ' - *"ฆ*ซซ J Ent^ CC 59 M. 15 „ M n . . j CASAL NAXARO. 22 F. 22 July - Piazza Darnino, 7 - - j Undrained Unpaved Good No lst Floor Indifferent Not crowded 1 Yard 55 „ 23 „ - ป 7 - - .. 80 17 August - Santa Lucia, 10 ฆ ฆ „ ? ป ป ป Clean " None || I 25 „ - . 87 - - ? .. ป Yes .. .. . 2 Street ?o No „ Indifferent „ 1 Yard 65 „ 20 „ - ป 148 ' * - 45 M. 23 „ - ป 1W - " Indifferent Yes „ ? .. 1 63 „ 27 July - 243 - - ' ? .. Good No . Clean „ 1 Street ' „ . n ? Indifferent Crowded 1 „ 6 „ 7 August - Croci, 7 - •> >• " „„ „ Not clean „ 1 „ 42 F. 14 „ . „ 36 - • - m ป „ , .. „ Indifferent Not crowded 1 „ 6 1 17 „ - Reale, 48 • - - ป ป ป - " ". M . „ Clean „ 1 Yar4 60 „ 8 --ป"•""" 4S ltr V 2 „ . Piazza Vittoria, 15 . „ >, - Yes Floor in a shop Not clean „ 1 Street ฆฆ 126 APPENDIX TO REPORT 127 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors: Quality Any Smell Nature Whether „.. ? Whether from * Xnimmnn whether at the How Situation whet her ! any open suchGulley of How Ulsancc . . . Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell opemngmtoa "Bjwa mterTank: any Accommo . supped arose " Common Whence " Good " Tank," or " Under House the Street Patient was dation : Water : from Stair," or into derived "Clear!" ciellt '" or '^rom Room," or Drains: Co ฐ urfc o fฃt "Open p*f. Privy at "Muddy," "I"- '-Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of tne ' ซ™ i „ "Drawn ซซ TT j "Yes," the House opened .< ,>.„,„.„ Hand, Attn/>lr • "Tasted BuHloient ป ft-om Under attacked: within the Comm ฐ" ? Not Attack "Outer Air. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes, or " No." or House *, . nv ซ -y~ ป &c. affected. &c< &c> or " 0> Outer air Raiu Good j Sufficient Carried None No No No Dung room — No „ Common stair Spring Brackish „ Well Yard „ ? ป ป ป Outer air Rain Good „ Tank „ „ ป ,ป ป - ป Yes „ „ Sink By hand „ „ „ „ „ Field No „ „ None — — Tasted „ Carried None Yes „ „ Sink By hand No badly. Good „ ? „ No „ „ Dung room — „ „ Yes „ v Cesspool Not „ " supplied. Spring Brackish „ Well Yard No „ „ Dung room — „ „ Yes Yes, sink „ „ — „ — — „ Carried Yard, empty „ „ ? „ — „ Rain Good „ Tank Yard „ „ „ ป — „ Spring Brackish „ Well „ No No „ „ — „ Common stair Rain Good „ Tank „ „ „ .. ? ป Outer air Spring Brackish „ „ ป ? •> ป> ป ป Rain 'Good and „ Carried Yard, tasted „ „ „ ป — ป brackish. badly. Common stair „ „ ป ป .. Yes ;les,smk „ — Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried Entrance, No No No Dung room — No empty. „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ ,ป — ป. „ „ m Entrance „ „ „ ป — >• Common stair „ ,ป ป ป ป ป ป " " " Outer air „ „ .. Carried Yard, empty „ „ „ „ — „ None „ ? „ „ — Occasion- " " ally, yes. Tank Yard „ „ „ „ — Yes Carried Yard, empty „ „ „ „ — No Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried Yard, empty No No No Dung room — casi ฐ"" Common stair „ „ ? Tank Yard „ „ „ — No Outer air „ ? Carried Yard, tasted „ „ „ „ — Occasion- " " badly. • - ally, yes. „ „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ „ — No Common stair „ „ .. ป ป ป ป •> •ป ฑ ta Outer air „ ? ป. .. ป. ป •> ป ป "ฐ Brackish „ „ „ ป ? ? „ — Occasion- " • ally, yes. Good ? „ „ .. ป ? ? — No ป - Yes „ „ House Yes „ „ Cesspool Not No " - supplied. „ Carried None No „ „ None — — | | . ฆ R3 Table XlX.— Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, where „. . Windows. Fatal Cases of Cholera. state state State State in whether State g . . State general whether which Floor the Walls, whether, at Name of Street, Court, * whether s an itary any oftho Ceilings, or the Date State Place, &c theStrelt the Condition Nuisances Housethe rioors of ofAttack , State whether orCourt Surface was ofStree t were Patient was the House the Inmates No. theWin(lows Date aU ;! "Properly orCourt: ซan- attacked: were ofthe฿o oms in Age. Sex. of Number or Designation . waved," ซr nn H" plainedof "Basement," ซ clean," were open into Death. ofHouse -"In- ™ at or "Ground Floor," , . (^. ? , a• aป different," different" beforethe "Mezzanine, different," "Not Room. ซ Court" where attacked. drained. drfftWD^ .^y^,, crowded;)&c ฐ Attack. "2nd Floor," Ac. clean .ป or "both." Y5Y 58 S< F. 21 August - Castro, 5 - - - Undrained Uapaved Good Yes Ist Floor Indifferent Not crowded 3 Both No .. Clean „ 2 „ 50 „ 23 „ - Stretta,2l * Yes Not clean • „ 1 Street 75 M. 2 September „ 22 - - - ป ป " No Ground Floor Indifferent „ 2 vents Both 23 „ 24 August - ViaNotabile, 4 - ป ป INO Yes „ Crowded 4 vents Yard 46 .F. 23 September „ 9 .... ป ป No Ist Floor „ Not crowded 1 Street 52 M. 18 August - „ 44 • - ป " " Clean „ 1 Terrace 55 F. 18 September Celsi, ? - - - < " " CASAL ZEBBUG. 55 F. 21 August - SiggienUl- - - grained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Street „ Ist Floor Not clean „ 1 ป 80 „ 15 September „ 38 - - - " " 53 M. 25 July - „ Vicolo, 3ป, 7 - " " IndiffOTent ป ซ— d Floor C!ean | Yard 57 F. 9 August - „ „ „ - Pnnd .. ป 2 Both 27 M. 27 July - Weides, 2 - " " v , 2 vents Yard 38 F. 29 August 13 - • - " " " Ist Floor „ „ ! Street 63 18 „ - 44 - 86 ป 20 „ - „ - - " " " „ Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 „ 63 „ 9 „ - „ 52 - • " " _ฆ Yes „ Indifferent „ 1 Yard 28 „ 4 „ - „ 71 - • • " " " No Ist Floor „ „ ! Street 57 ป 5 „ - 73 - Yes Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 .. &* ป 22 „ - PrimaLume, 7 - - " " (shop). a _. . Ist Floor Clean „ 2 Both 42 M. 5 September „ 22 - - " No Ground Floor Indifferent „ 1 Street IA .. 31 July - „ Vicolo 2ป, 8 - 34 F. 16 August - Occasion- „ ? None Yard 3 „ 28 „ - SecondaLume,37- - ป ป " aliv yes „ ;„ ; . „ *, fe ปซ. Ground Floor „ „ 1 Yard 68 „ 25 ? ฆ ป ป " * " " No 1 ป 21 F. 12 „ - Santa Maria, 4 • - ป ป " 1 6 M. 18 „ - ? ป • Clean „ 2 10 „ 16 September ป 50 • - >• ป " " 2 vents „ 14 „ 12 August - „ 53 - - ป ป ป " 32 F. 18 „ - .. ป - - ป ป " " „ Indifferent „ 1 ป 25 „ 10 „ - 38 - ป ป " " " " „, „ lstFioor Clean „ 1 Street 21 „ 21 „ - „ 65 - - ป .. " " Ground Floor Indifferent „ 2 Both 45 M. 18 „ - ป ซ " " • " it- i 10 X ป Not clean „ 2 Yard 11 F. 3 ป. ฆ ป Vicolo Iฐ, 5-i. .. ป " " " _. „ . ? Yes ? Clean „ 2 Street and 64 M. 5 September Piazza Muxi, 11 .. ป ป adjoining room. Crowded 1 Yard 48 „ 8 „ „ 25 ป ป •• " „„ . . OQ „ Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Street 8 B 26 August - 28 - - ป ป ป ป (shop). r 4 . Piazza Vicolo 2ฐ, 2 .. Indifferent No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Yard 60 M. 6 ป ป 2-1, .. ป "I mll I - laicise ... I .. Good Yes Entrance „ „ None Court v p 3 September ?143 „ ป No Ground Floor Not clean „ 2 Yard 29 3 „ - „ 161 - • - ป ฆ ฆ Clean ป 3VCntS I>7O Ist Floor „ „ 1 Street 59 6 „ 172 - • - ป ป „..,,,„ „ Ground Floor „ „ 1 vent Yard 62 „ 20 August - „ 179 • - - ป ป> ป " , oo Yes Ist Floor Indifferent „ 2 Yard and 26 M. 8 „ • „ 188 • • - ป ป " Terrace. Clean „ 2 Both 56 F. 15 „ - „ 205 - - - .. gg 21 „ - „ 292 ป ป No Ground Floor „ „ 1 Yard T ,„ Ist Floor Indifferent „ 1 Street 72 „ 9 >, • Lunga, 19 - • • ป " " " 72 M. 18 „ - „ ป • • • ป " " 190 APPENDIX TO REPORT 129 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors : Quality An y Smell Nature Whether ?, ซ.. ? Whether from _# v.,:,..,,,,,, whether at the How Situation Whetaer any open suchGulley of How ulsance Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell openingintoa ..grawn mterTank: any Acommo . supplied arose " Common Whence " Good " Tank," or " Under House the Street Patient was dation : Water : from Stair,ปorinto derived . "Clear," ซ*ป*"ซ "^rom rtjjgg* „ Qpen Privy rt "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of tne ซm i. j "Drawn ซ TT j "Yes," the House opened vn nrnmnn Hand, Attack • "Tasted sumci ent.ป from Under attacked : within the Common .ซ Not Attack "Outer Air. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes, or "No." or House . - or "No" &0 - affected. * c - &c - or "*• ___ Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried None No No No Dang room — Yes Common stair „ ? ? Tank Yard „ „ „ ป — No Outer air „ „ ป ป ป ป. ป ป ป ~~ Yes — No „ „ „ Carried None „ ? ป ป — Yes „ „ ? .. Yard, empty „ „ „ ? — No „ „ „ M None „ „ „ ป — ป Outer air Rain Goฐ d Sufficient Tank Near house No No No Cellar — No „ „ n ป Entrance „ „ „ >ป — ป Yard „ „ „ - „ „ „ „ Yes „ ? Cesspool Not „ supplied. „ „ ป ? ? No n ป Cellar — „ v ป ป — Occasion- " ' ally, yes. „ „ „ „ „ ii ป Dung room — No ป ป ป .ป ป ป ~ Occasion — — " ally, yes. „ „ „ Carried None „ „ ป ป — Yes ii .. n ป ป ป ป None — — — — - „ „ m ป Yard, empty „ „ ป Cellar — No „ „ „ Tank Yard „ „ ป ป — ป — _ ป ป ป ป ป ~* Occasion- —— " ally, yes. ? ป ป ป ,ป ป ป• ป Dung room — „ ? ? House „ „ ป Cellar — No „ „ „ Yard „ „ ป Dung room — „ — - „ Carried None „ „ „ Cellar — Occasion- " ally, yes. , H ป ,ป Garden, „ „ „ „ — ป empty. „ „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ Dung room — No ii „ ป. ป - ป ป• ป — Yes „ „ ป ป ? .. ป ป Cellar — Yes „ " Tasted „ „ : „ „ „ „ - badly. Good „ „ „ >. „ ป ป — Occasion- ally, yes. „ „ „ Yes „ Yes Cesspool Not No supplied. Spring „ ปป Carried Yard, empty No „ No Dung room — Occasion- — ally, yes. Rain „ ป Tank Yard „ „ „ „ — No Common stair „ 'ป ป ป Entrance „ „ „ „ — Occasion- ally, yes. Outer air Aqueduct „ ป Carried None Yes „ „ Cesspool Not „ supplied. Rain ? .. ป Yard, empty No „ „ Cellar — Yes — — „ „ ป. Tank Yard „ „ „ „ — No „ „ „ a ป ป Dung room — Occasion- — ally, yes. R4 Table XIX Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. State State Statein whether State r aMM State Stato general whether which Floor the Wall whethePjat Name of Street, Court, whefter 8^ any ofthe Place, 4c, the Street the Condition Nuisances House the Floors of ofAttack> State whether Date and or Court Surface was of Street wero Patient was theHouso the Inmates No. ?w . , . . B , v , nLtou^ was "ปซ9ซly orCourt: ซป• ***ซ*' were ofthe฿ooms . the ndows Age. Sex. of Number or Dugnrton paved ,, plainedof .. Basement," were * open into Death. of House or <. Un . or "In- ซ In . at or "Ground Floor," ซ,j n . "Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked. drained." different," differenV . before the "Mezzanine," different ป ซ< Not Room- „„.„ orซ Bad." 0r ,, 8ad ,. Timeof "Ist Moor" or ,, Not crowded> >, &c . Court ' Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. c ] ean ป or "both." Yrs. 1865. 30 F. 13 August - Paris, 8 - - Undrained Unpavcd Good No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Yard 49M.„„-„38-- - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 11 „ 17 „ - Mamo.lC - - - „ „ ป .. >. .. .. 1 Street 57 F. 28 „ - Ebbona Vicolo, Iฐ, 7 - „ „ „ Yes Ist Floor „ „ 1 „ 76 „ 10 September Hoffra, 11 - - - „ „ ? No Ground Floor Indifferent „ 2 Yard 448„-„15--„ „ „ „ „ ? ป 1 8 M. 10 „ - Per la Chiesa, Vicolo, Iฐ, 10 „ „ Indifferent „ „ Not clean „ 1 „ 68 F. 12 „ - S. Martino, Vieolo, 2ฐ, 1 - „ „ Good „ „ Clean ;, None — i 28 „ 29 „ - Molino Ghodor, 3 - „ „ ? „ „ Indifferent „ 1 vent ] Street 21 „ 25 October - 10 „ „ ? „ „ Clean Crowded „ Yard 56 „ „ „ - i> ป ป. ii ป ii ii Indifferent ฆ Not crowded 2 vents „ 5 „ 21 September „ 17 - „ •> ? „ ? „ ? 1 „ 66 „ 17 m • >ฆ 23 - ii i. ป ,i ii Clean „ 1 Street 42 „ 15 „ m „ h - I, i, ii „ Ist Floor Not clean Crowded 2 Yard and Terrace. 78 M. 8 October • „ Vicolo Iฐ, 8 „ „ .• „ Ground Floor Indifferent Not crowded 1 Yard 73 F. 13 October - „ „ ฆฆ ? ป ? ? „ >, 1 22 T TTT T M. 17 September Abbandonati, 13 • - ป ป .. Yes Ist Floor Clean „ 1 Street 53 „ 21 „ Prima Angeli, 57 • • ป ป ป No Ground Floor Indifferent „ 1 „ 45 F. 11 August - Stretta, 9 - - - •. ป •• Yes Ist Floor Not clean „ 1 „ VIA S. GIUSEPPE. 20 F. ' 8 August -! S. Giuseppe, 3 - - Undrained Unpavcd Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 3 Street 26 „ 11 ii • ป 9 * * ป ป ป ป Ground Floor „ „ 1 Field i 35 „ 0 September ? 19 - - „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 2 Street 35 4 81 " .. .. .. .. „ .. .. 2 35 „ 17 August - >• 37 • - „ „ „ Yes 2nd Floor „ Crowded 1 Yard 30 „ 18 „ ii ii •• .i ii ป •• Ist Floor „ Not crowded i 2 Court and terrace. 15 M. 20 „ - .. 28 - - „ „ „ No Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 2 Street 67 „ 26 July - .. ..--., ? .. „ „ „ „ 2 24 F. 30 August - ป 86 - - „ „ „ „ Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Yard 23 „ 12 „ - ii 217 „ „ n „ Ground Floor „ „ 1 Terrace 23 M. 2 - ป 220 D „ „ „ Yes Ist Floor „ „ 1 Yard I 25 „ 17 „ - .. 240 D - „ „ No 2nd Floor „ „ 2 Both IS „ 14 „ - Dolori, 13 - - • „ „ „ „ Ground Floor Not clean „ l Yard 27 F. 12 „ - Santa Venera, 2 - - „ „ „ „ Ist Floor Clean Crowded l „ 2s 17 - .. 8 - - „ „ „ „ Ground Floor „ Not crowded 2 Both 23 „ 19 „ - .. ii - ii •• .. i> Ist Floor „ • „ 1 Yard 17 „ 25 July - ii 24 - - „ „ „ „ Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded 1 Street 7 M. 17 August - ป 33 • • „ „ „ „ Entrance ? Not crowded None Yard 9 F. 18 „ .• .1 • ii ป it ii Ground Floor „ „ 1 Street 18 M. 11 „ - Marsa, 3 „ „ Indifferent Yes Mezzanine — — — — 5 31 „ • ii ป • • ฆ• ii ii ii „ Clean Not crowded 1 Street 5 n SO „ ii 7 „ „ Good „ Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded 3 Both 22 F. 14 „ - ii ii * ' ii ป it ii Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 5 Street 45 M. 15 ,i - ป ป * * " ป ii Innifferent „ Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 „ 19 „ 19 September •ฆ ป • * •• ป Good „ Ist Floor „ Not crowded 3 Street and room. SLIEMA. 5 iM. 117 August • Torre, 2 • Undrained Unpaved Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Street 45 „ 31 July ,i ii • • • ป it ป •) Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 3 — APPENDIX TO REPORT ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 131 where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. __ __ , __ _ . ป Water Supply. . House Drainage. . _ __ . Doors: Quality Any Smell Nature | Whether whether at the H?w | Situation ! Whet her .an.y^u such'Sulley of How (Nuisance . . Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is :or Smell "I! A " aCk: -** "S n Water Tank:! ซ* Sil ฃ in ฃ& Aocommo- -gjj* ™> | RbmaekB Common Whence "Good," I Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation : Water: | from kemahks. Stair," orinto daM " Clear," cient >" or Room '" or Drains: Coฐurt orwhXr "Open j Privy at I ? "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By > Time of "TWfari "Drawn "TTnfipr " Yes," the House opened ?p Hand," kna^. ?n . .. „ Tasted sufficient." from Under attacked: within the Common ,. Not Attack. uuierair. badly," Pipe," &c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied,"! "Yes," *. __ __ ฐ r " No '' ฐa r ffS? *•.*ซฆ l r"*ฐ" ~ I ~~~T i ! | I Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Yard No No No ; Dung room — No ป „ „ „ ป „ ป ป !> Cellar — jOccasion- I ally, yes. — No - ,; „ „ „ H House Yes „ „ j Cesspool Not „ — supplied. „ „ „ „ „ Entrance No „ „ None — — „ „ „ ซ „ „ Garden „ ? „ Dung room — No Common stair „ „ „ „ Yard „ „ „ Cellar — Yes Outer air „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ — No — - „ „ „ „ „ House Yes „ „ Cesspool Not „ supplied. „ „ „ Carried Garden No „ „ Dung room — JOccasion- Common stair „ „ „ Tank Yard „ „ ? „ — „ Outer air „ „ „ „ House „ „ „ Cellar — „ — ' ally, yes. „ „ „ „ „ House Yes Yes Yes | Cesspool Not „ supplied, i „ „ „ „ „ Yard „ No No „ „ „ — Outer air Rain . Good Sufficient Tank Yard Yes No No Cesspool By hand No „ „ „ „ Carried None „ „ „ „ „ I Occasion- ally, yes. I „ „ „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ Sink „ Yes „ „ v I ป. .. ป. ป .. ป. Common stair „ „ „ „ Court „ Yes Yes i Cesspool „ „ *ฆ— •i , ii „ .. „ ป ,ป ? „ >. Occasion- — — ally, yes. Outer air Aqueduct „ „ Carried None „ No No „ „ „ -— „ v .. „ „ v ;> ป> ปป ป. ป ป „ Rain „ „ Tank at House „ „ „ Com. privy By pipe No the back trapped, of the house. Common stair Aqueduct ป „ Carried None „ „ „ Cesspool By hand „ — Outer air Rain „ „ Tank House „ „ „ „ „ Yes No „ „ Tasted „ „ Yard No „ „ None — — badly. „ „ Good „ „ „ Yes „ „ Sink By hand No „ ii ? „ ? Street No „ „ None — — j „ „ ii „ i, Yard „ „ „ Dung room — No — — j ? „ „ „ Carried j None Yos „ „ Sink „ „ He slept on the terrnoe. ' m „ „ „ Xank Yard No „ „ Dung room — — „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried None ? „ „ None — — „ „ „ „ „ „ ii Yes Occasion- i Cesspool — Occasion- — — ally, yes. ally, yes. „ Spring Brackish „ Well j House „ No No None — — I Outer air Rain — Sufficient Tank Yard Yes — — — — — ฆ mum I „ „ Good „ Carried None No No No None " — — - — > I 19034, S Table XIX. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, Fatal Cases of Cholera. State "Windows. State j State Statein whether State Na*e Of Street, Court, ซ.te \ f a f I .eneval "™*ซ which Moor , whether whether , ganitary ซซซ of the Ceilings, or the Date State Place, &c, the Street tlle Condition Nuisances House the Floors of o f Attack, Sta1 ฐ whether Date nnd or Court Surface was ofStree t were Patient was the House the Inmates No. the Windows . ซ A , w v -n-i ซ was "Properly orCourt: com- attacked: of the Booms in > Age< SeX> ฐ f dumber or Designation HJ)n . Q^,, paved," ?G ood/. plained of "Basement," .. Clean/ , m open into Death. of House or"Un-' or "In- ซ In .' at or "Ground Floor," ซi n .' "Crowded," affected a ซ street" where attacked. drained." different" different," before the "Mezzanine," dlfferont/ , "Not Roomi [ or "Bad." 01 .ซ Bad."a d." Time of "Ist Floor," or ซ Not crowded," &c. ' Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. c ] ean ป or "both." . . 1 , , . . — - Yrs. 1865. 56 F. 8 August - Marina 51 - - - Undraiued Unpaved Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 3 Creek and street. 72 „ 13 „ - Ghar el leinbi, 20a - „ „ ป „ Ground Floor „ „ 1 Garden 27„14„-„„-„ „ „ „ „ „ >. 1 ป 55„14„-„„„ „ „ „ „ „ 1 ป 3 M. 15 „ - Cattedrale, 20 - „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 1 „ 60 F. 21 „ - St. Antonio - - - „ „ „ „ ป „ .> 1 Room 18 „ 23 „ - S. Pubblio, 2 - „ „ „ „ „ „ 2 Street 2 M. 27 „ - S. Paolo - - - „ M ป >ป Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded 2 Street and garden. 25 28 „ - Piazza Ghar el lembi, 19 - „ „ „ „ „ Clean Not crowded 2 Yard and field. 85 „ 13 September Reale, 44 - „ ? „ „ Not clean „ 1 Street 45 F. 16 „ Ghar id DM, 27 - „ „ „ Ist Floor Clean „ 1 Yard I { CASAL ZUEEICO. 32 F. 27 July - S. Michele, 44 - - TJndrained Unpaved Good No First Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Street 37 „ 1 August - ,>)ป--ป ป ป ป " ป ป ป 62 „ 14 September Piazza Maggiore, 40 - ป .. .. >. Ground Floor „ „ 1 Tard 70 M. 21 August ฆ Spiritosa, 17 - ป ป ป First Floor „ „ None — 3 F. 26 „ - Barrieri, 2 - „ ป. ,ป .ป ? ป Both 50 M. 1 September „ „ ป ป ป ป ป ป ซ ป 56 ?2 „ Nigret, P - h ป ป Entrance Indifferent ป 1 Yard 23 F. 16 „ -S. Luigi, 22 ปi ป .. ป. Ground Floor Clean ป 2 vents „ 68 „ 8 „ ?23 - .ป ? ป ป ป Indifferent „ 2 Both 50 „ 27 „ ฆ Reale, 49 ป ป• ป ป ป Clean „ % 1 Street 24 „ 21 October . „ 62 - - - „ „ „ „ „ Indifferent ป 1 Yard 65 M. 19 September „84 - - - „ „ „ „ „ Clean ป 2 Both 14 F. 11 November „ 87 ฆ • - „ „ „ Yes „ „ „ 3 Yard 70 M. 11 September „88 - - - „ „ „ „ „ Not clean ? Street 52 „ 22 „ - Regina, 60 - „ „ No „ Clean ? 1 Yard 40 „ 1 October - S.Pietro,l3 - „ „ „ „ „ Crowded None - 52 4 . Vicolo Curvo, 4 - - „ „ „ „ „ „ Not crowded „ — 52 „ 17 () . Carmine, Vicolo Scozzese, 5 „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 2 Both an oo „ .. .. .. .. .. .. ป 2 Yard, entrance 10 „ 22 „ - ป n ป ป ป ป m „ „ ป 2 Both 30 F. 21 ฆs - I*ปca, 25 „ „ „ „ „ Not clean Crowded 1 Street 8 M. 22 - s - Bartolomeo, 28 - „ „ „ Yes „ Clean Not crowded 1 Room 72 „ 30 „ - Alessandro.4 „ „ „ No „ „ „ 1 Yard 60 F. 4 November ?,."• ป ป ป ป ป ป ป * SAN GIULIANO. 23 M. 28 July - — ~" 39 F. 15 August - Kirxa 34 „ 16 „ - Collegio — y 0 19 .g. Giorgio - . - - Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Not clean Not crowded 3 Both 40 M. 20 „ - Carmine, 12 - „ „ ป Ist Floor Clean „ 1 Street 14 M 23 „ - Torre, 19 - ? ป Yes Ground Floor „ „ 1 ป CASAL GARGUR. 54 1. 29 July -,Nuovo,l9 - - Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 2 vents Yard S| „ 4 September 1,, 25 ฆ Yes Ist Floor „ „ land^a Street 32 APPENDIX TO REPORT where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio)— continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. '• — i Doors : Quality Any Smell Nature Whether , -... ? Whether from nf TVnilulsance Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell opening into a J "Drawn ™r j. ™ , any or at the a „„„„,,ป,„ supplied „_„„„ Attack: Mg ffl . ™ n Water Tank: ** sink in Time the th arose RE3[AEKS . "Common Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: from r>ipnt " ny " TYom ป. .. or attacked, ซrirซปv> By Pn'wnf. Stair," or into! did "Clear," cient, or Room/> or Comt orwhethep Open pi „ Privy at i "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of tne ™ "Drawn ซ T t j "Yes," the House opened | ซn nnlirm ,, Hand, Attacki.. ? Tasted sufficient." from Under attacked: within the Common ( .j^ AttMfci "Outer Air." badly" Pipe"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes, &c/ ฐ r " No " sasf &c -ป &c - ฐ r " No -" — — ฆ — i ' ' ~~~~ ~ * Outer air Eain Good Sufficient Carried None Yes No No Sink By hand No Tank House „ ? ป Common „ „ ป ป ป privy. „ Carried Garden, water „ ,ป ป ป ป "^ es not made use of. _ , _ T „ Garden „ „ ? Cesspool „ No „ „ „ >, Yard, empty „ „ .. ป ป ป „ ? Tank Garden „ ซ ป ป ซ ป ? .. ป ป Yard „ „ ป ป ป ป „ Carried None No „ ? None — — Tank Yard Yes Yes Occasion- Com. privy By hand No ' I. " " ally, yes. trapped. Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank - No No No Dung room - No Carried Room, empty Yes „ „ Cesspool Not „ ป " " supplied „ „ Garden, „ „ ? ป ป ป empty Yard, empty No „ „ Dung room — „ „ .. ป ป ป >> " " " " „ „ „ Field, empty „ „ „ ป <> „ „ j. Yard, empty „ „ ป ป ~~ Yes — No — ฆ None Yes - Yes Yes Cesspool Not Yes ' '.' . " " " supplied I Tank Yard No No No Dung room — Occasion- ป " " " ally, yes ป Carried Yard, empty „ „ ป Cellar - No Tank Yard „ „ ป Dung room — „ Cellar — Occasion- ป ฆ " " ally, yes „ „ „ 'Dung room •— No „ Carried ; None „ „ ? v "" Yes Tank j Yard „ „ „ „ — No Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Enclosure No No No None — — „ Under House Yes „ „ Cesspool By hand No I I Outer air Bain Good Sufficient Tank Yard No No No Dung room - No 133 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XIX. — Statistical Keturn showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, Fatal Cases of Cholera. gtate "Windows. State State State in j whetheP State | Name of Street Court ***** ***** &* neral whBthep whioh I , i Time of - Ist Floor," or . Not ! ciwdfid/ , &c i ปฐฐ m - Attack, "tad Floor," &c. c i ean ป | or "both." ฆ[iij : ' 1 I I ~ " ~] . i Yrs. 18C5. 88 F. 23 August - Ecale, 30 ฆ - ป I Undrained | TJnpaved < Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 3 Both 9 M. 31 „ - i „ 40 - - j „ „ „ ? Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 Entrance 47 v 2 September „ „ . • . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 ป 66 „ i2l „ - Ferdiuando, 15 -ฆ!, „ „ — — — ___ — * f j I - CASAL GUDIA. 28 M. 31July - Reale, Vicolo Iฐ, 120 - Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Yard 21 „ 12 September Santa Maria, Vicolo 2ฐ, 5 „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ — — 11 ป 21 „ „ ?5 „ „ „ , Open Passage „ „ — — 22 „ 17 „ - Annunziata, 0 ? „ „ ? Ist Floor „ „ 2 Street 62 „ I 'October - ViaChircop, 2 „ „ „ „ Ground Floor Indifferent „ 2 vents — I ซ 44 F. 20 September s. Filippo, 30 Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded None Entrance and „ F. 31 August - „ 32 „ ii „ Yes „ „ „ 2 vents Yard 42 „ 2 September „ „ . ' „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ T4 „ 5 „ - „ . . . „ 135 M. 20 October - „38- - „ ฆ. „ No „ „ „ „ „ 81 F. 10 August - 69 .. >. ? ป ป ? — -Both ITV1 T V „ 13 September (j Vicolo, Iฐ, 6 - ? „ „ „ „ ? ฆ None — 30 „ „ „ - „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ Both 20 M. 25 „ - sa,,ta Maria, 27 - - j ป .. „ — — 55 „ 1 October -„„--!„ ? ? — — — — — 52 F. jl3 August - vi c olo Manderaggio, 17-1 ป. ป .. No Ist Floor Clean ; Not crowded 2 Both 42 „ 128 „ - oo . i „ ? „ Yes ' Gipund Floor i „ „ None — 25 „ j 3 October - „ 24 - | „ „ „ „ „ j 2 vents Yard 61 M. j 4 September i Santa Maria, Vicolo 4ฐ, 18 j „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 1 „ 35 F. 30 October - Vicolo Concerione, 19 - I „ „ „ „ Ground Floor „ ; Crowded 3 vents Both 75 „ „ August - „ 30 „ „ „ No „ „ i Not crowded 1 Yard 52 „ jl3 „ ฆS. Paolo, 6 - „ „ Yes „ „ „ 2 Both 63 M. 19 September „ 10 - - - „ „ „ No Ist Floor „ „ 1 Street 6 F. 4 October - „ „ ฆ - - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 „ 10 M. 3 „ - „ 28 - - ซฆ „ „ „ „ Open Passage „ „ — — 80 F. 5 „ - „ 36 - - - m n H M Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Street 40 M. 117 „ • Chiesa, 6 - n v Ist Floor Clean „ 3 „ CASAL PAOLA. 40 F. 7 August - Piazza Paola, 29 - - Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Street 10 M. 12 „ .. ป - - „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 n CASAL TAEXIEN. 63 F. 9 September Santa Maria, 17 • ฆ Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 3 Both 27 „ 8 August - „ 25 - - „ „ „ Yes Ist Floor Indifferent „ 2 „ 23 „ 10 November- „ 67 - - „ „ „ No ป Clean „ 1 Street 4 ? 15 August • Piazza Britannica, Vicolo „ „ Indifferent Yes Ground Floor „ „ 2 Both 3ฐ, 8 APPENDIX TO REPORT 135 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio)— continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. j 1 i I Doors : Oualitv * Anv Smell Nature | Whether .., an. v 'ฆ Whether! trom f Nuisance whether j at the How Situation "Whether any open such Gulley How Time Of Quantity: obtained: of ! Gulley |or Sink, Privy Privy is or Smell , opemngintoa, j = " town Water , any 1^ Jjrtt^ Aooommo . ซwฃd arose "Common Whence j"Good"< .Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was; dation ; Water: trom f ,ซ-,, ? cient," or "From -„ ? or i attacked, | ซnnen ™Jป Privy at Stair," or into | dcriml . I "Clear," Well ,. Boom, or Drains: Court or whether ฐP en Pipe," J "Muddy," "In- "Carried,"! "House," i close to any Drain | Sink," or B Y,, rime of the ! ?m Za I" Drawn j ,< TTn(W "Yes," ithe House opened |<' Colmnon ! Hand, Attack: „ ; "Tasted sufflcient .ป from Under attacked: within the '-Not "Outer Air." I ba diy" j !Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No," "Yes," Room | Privy." ; supplied. Yes, & c.' ! or " No -" sSSSf i &c - &c - ' or " No '"i ป i__ i i I , j ,—, — ฆ ฆ — -~ Outer air Bain Good Sufficient Tank Yard No \No No Dung room j - No Cellar — _ — This was a fisherman who — _______ — slept on aboat at St. Pauls Bay.whence he was brought to "his house, already attacked with cholera. Outer air Bain Good Sufficient Tank Yard No No No Dung room - No Yes ? i Cesspool Not „ ป ป " supplied i „ „ „ „ .. ป. ? ป | — No ? „ None — — j I . I Outer air Bain ' Good Sufficient Carried Yard, empty | Yes No No j Cesspool No j „ ,ป ป ป ' Cesspool — ป _ No I „ „ ? ป ป ป " " " I Cellar — ? „ — Occasion- ป ป ซ " ally, yes. i ปป,.ปi" " " I " " " I __ ! Outer air Bain Good \ Sufficient ' Tank ; Yard No No No None Carried i None Yes „ „ Cesspool Not Yes „ Tank I Yard No „ „ ,Dung room j — „ Carried | None „ „ „ — ป : Tank Yard „ „ „ Cellar No „ it ? „ .. Dung room j — Yes ป ป ป „ v Entrance ; „ „ „ „ — No Yard Yes „ „ Cesspool Not Yes ป " " supplied. Carried None ฆ• ? „ „ ป No „ Tank Yard „ „ „ „ ป Occasion- ป " " ally, yes. Outer air Bain Good Sufficient Tank Yard Yes No No i Cesspool No Outer air Bain Good Sufficient Tank Yard Yes No No Cesspool — No „ ? Carried Yard, empty No „ „ None — — Common stair „ „ >• Tank Yard Outer air „ ป ป Carried None ? „ „ Dung room — No 136 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XIX. — Statistical Eeturn showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. | I State State Statein whether State , ai . . „ , State State general whether which Floor the Wall whether, at NaineofStreet.Court, J™^ whefter any ofthe state Place, 4c, the Street the Condition N ป isanccs House the F i oors of ofAt tack, State whether Date and or Court Surface was ofStreet were Patient was the House the lnmates No the Window฿ „ . _ . w was "Properly or Court . com- attacked: wero ofthoEoomB j Age. Bex. of j Number or Designation aj}nine& ,, pa ved," <. Good/ . plained of "Basement," .. clean/ > j wero in open into Death. of House or"Un- or "In- ; ซ In .' ,at or "Ground Floor," ,, In . "Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked. drained." different" | different," before the " Mezzanine," diflterent/ . , ซ Not j or " Bad." jor ซ Bad ,ป Time of - Ist Floor," j or „^ ot i orowded> .. &c . |K0 Attack. ' 2nd Floor," &c. c i ean ,ป or "both." 1865 j J M. 17 August - Piazza Britannica, Vicolo Undrained TTnpaved Indifferent j Yes Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Both 3ฐ 8 20 F. 18 - I „ „' 8 „ „ I ป i> ป ป ป 2 ? 10 M. 16 - „ „20 „ „ ป ป ป Not clean ป ! Yard 11 „ 25 - | Scintill, 42 ฆ ฆ - ป ป Good No " " ป X 30 „ 28 - I Skaiak, 22 - - . „ „ Indifferent „ Ist Floor Clean „ 2 Street and teiTace. 33 F. 27 n - Betta, 7 - - - ' .. Good Yes „ .. „ 2 „ CASAL SIGGIEUI. I 70*' M. 29 August - Santa Margarita, 27 - I Undrained Unpaved Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Yard 39 io - 29-1 „ ป ป Indifferent „ 1 vent „ |54 j 6 October - „ 43 - „ „ „ „ Ground Floor Clean „ 1 „ 6 F. 16 September ป 55 - „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ -2 Both 3 i „ 24 „ - „ „ „ „ ? ป <• " " 2 ป l 60 - „ 57 - „ ? „ .. ป ป 3 Yard and terrace. 2 M. ? >• • ป H4 " ป .. ป n h .. ป. 1 Terraco 45 3 October - ? 146 - , „ „ Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Street (oven). 83 16 - Via Notabile, 2 „ „ „ Ist Floor Clean „ 1 vent Yard and garden. 40 F. 22 August - S. Giovanni, Vicolo, Iฐ, 6 - „ „ Indifferent Yes „ Indifferent Crowded None — 60 IM. 31 a • ป 45 - „ „ Good No Ground Floor Clean „ 2 vents Yard 90 ! F. 28 „ - „ „ ฆ „ „ „ ปป ป ป ป ป ป 60 „ 13 September „ „ - „ „ ป ป ป ป ป ป •ป. 23„15ป-ปป"ป ป " " " " " " " 70 18 „ - „ 24 - „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ Not crowded 2 „ 60 „ 24 ฆ ป 26 - „ „ „ „ .ป ? ป _ 8 35 M. 25 „ - „ ? ฆ „ h ป * ป ป '• ป 2 ป. 3 22 „ 28 - „ „ „ ? Ground Floor „ „ 1 „ 32 „ 18 October - 34 - „ „ ? Ist Floor „ „ 2 Street 90 F. 20 September ? 35 - „ „ „ ? Ground Floor „ „ 1 127 m. 13 ? -S. Giovanni, Vicolo 2ฐ, 1 - „ „ „ ป Ist Floor „ „ 1 Garden 4 M. 11 August - S. Giacomo, 20 „ „ „ ? ป ป ป 1 Yard 83 F. 28 September Reale, Vicolo el Kejet, 28 „ „ „ .. ป ป ป Street 30 M. 13 „ ฆ ป 30 ป ซ ป ป " " " ivent Street, yard j g3 F 25 „ - 31 >. ป m ป Ground Floor „ „ 1 Yard _ fl jg . m HI v n v „ Mezzanine „ „ 1 Street 60 M. 14 „ - Seconda Ramia, 16 - „ „ ป ป Ground Floor Indifferent „ 1 2F.19„ฆ„ปซ ป ป " " " " X 55 M. 23 August - „ 29 -j „ „ ป ? Ist Floor Not clean „ 2 Ya^ d^ d 160 F. 16 September Parrocchiale, 5 ฆ „>• ป ป clean ป 1 Street 33 M. 17 October - „ 10 - - „ „ „ Yes WoodenFtoor „ „ 1 19 August - 44 . - „ No Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 „ 4 „ 12 September Di Mezzo, Vicolo 4ฐ, 5 - „ „ >• ซ dean „ 2 Both 18 " ป " " " " " None — 56 ", 2 October - „ 10 - „ „ ? ป Wmoor „ „ 2 Street 2i „ 30 August - Piazza S.Nicolo, Vicolo 1ป, 5 „ „ „ >• Ground Floor Indifferent „ 2 vents Yard 65 „ 24 September M01in0,42 ป ป ป ป ป " ป None 24 M. 17 October - Nuova.42 - >. ? ป Ist Floor Clean „ 2 Both 80 „ 20 „ - Parroco, 14 - ป •> Yes " '• " Street 137 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. "Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors: Quality Any Smell ; Nature ' Whether ***ฆซ* atth ฐ How I Situation Whether suchGulley! of ' How *~ e _„„„;„„ j ntoa Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink : Privy Privy is or Smell opemngm (( Suffl J "g™™ Water Tank : "V -,*. Jj*l Aocammo- "SBT ซ" ฆฆ rnmmnn „ - OUlll- irOlU OIIIK 111 lime tile ! i Wltll P-CHT A TJira common whence |"Good." i Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water:' from KEMABKS. Stair," or into derive(L | "Clear," ™nt,"or ปFrซn Room „or .pjggi „ Opm : p^, j Pri vy at t t, e /'Muddy," " In- "Carried," " House," close to any Brain Sink," or j "By \ Time of I "Tasted "Drawn; ซ TTnr i pr ; "Yes," the House opened ซซ,__.„_ Hand," A+f O^t "OntPrAir" sufficient." from ljnaer attacked: within the Co ป™ioii | ซ No t Attack: uuujra.ii. badly," Pipe/'&c. Court," &c. or " No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes," ซ-,. or " No." or House „ , „, T „ **" affected. &c ' &0 - j or No " j _ j , _ , __ . , . __ t Outer air Rain Good Sufficient ; Carried None No No No j Dung room , — No >ป .. ). ป i Tank Yard Yes „ „ Cesspool I — Occasion- ally, yes. No ? „ None - - I I ' • ป ป ป ป ป „ Yes . ? ? Cesspool — Yes \ : i Outer air Rain Good Sufficient j Tank Yard No No No Dung room — No ป ป ป ป ป >> ป n ป Dung cellar — „ I ป ป ป ป — - „ ซ ? „ j Carried Yard, empty Yes „ „ Cesspool — „ „• ปป ? „ Tank Yard No „ „ Dung room — „ ป ป ป ป ป ป ป „ ,1 Dung cellarj — „ ป ป ป ป Carried None „ „ „ Dung room — Occasion- i Tank Tard ally, yes. M ? .. „ ? „ „ „ — NO ป ป ป ป ป II I — ป ), „ „ — „ __ it >< ป " ป ป ป v ป Dung cellar — „ I) ป ป ป )| ป H ป >t || — „ ___ >' ป ป ป ป ป ป ii ? Dung room — Occasion- ! __ ally, yes. n ป ป ป ii House „ „ „ Dung cellar — „ n ป ป ป Carried None „ „ „ „ — n 0 ii ป .ป ป. Tank House „ „ „ Dung room — „ „ , „ „ „ ii Entrance „ „ „ )( .. ป ป ป Carried None „ „ „ Dung cellar — Occasion- ,r , al iy. yes. I ป >. ป ป ป Yard, empty „ „ „ Dung room — Yes „ || „ „ „ House, water „ „ „ None — tasted badly. ป ป ป Tank Yard „ „ „ Dung cellar - No ป h ป ปj ,ป Entrance „ „ „ Dung room — Occasion- clllv VGS „ „ ? „ Carried Yard, empty „ „ „ _ xo ' ป si ป ป ป None „ „ „ Dung cellar — Yes Common stair „ ป „ Tank j Yard „ „ „ Dung room! — No Outer air ป ป ป ป ? ป „ „ — __ ป >ป ป ป> m h Yes „ „ Cesspool • — „ Common stair „ >, „ „ „ No „ „ Dung room — -, Outer air „ ? ป ? Room „ „ „ None — m >ป ซ ป *ป House „ „ „ Dung cellar — No — — i) - h ป ป ป ป ป ป „ None •— ฆ— — — S4 Table XIX. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Malta, Fatal Cases of Cholera. State "Windows. gtote state State in whet her State t* fSWfW State State general whether which Floor theWl whe ther, at ... Name of Street, Court, ww+hov ! . any nftho state ' whether whcthei ; s an it a ry any ortlic | Ceilings, or the Date Place, Ac. | the Street' the j Condition Nuisances! House the j Floor , of ofAttackt State whether Date and or Court ; Surfacewas ! of Street were Patient was ; the House I the Inmates No. the Windows Death. of House j or ซ Un . j or " In- < ซ In . jat or f'GroundFloor,"; ..^ "Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked. I drained." I different >" I different," before the "Mezzanine," I different J ซ Not ' Room> ซ Court." or-Bftd." or ซ Bad.ป Timeof "lปt Floor," ; opl crowded ปAo. orซbothป Attack. " 2nd Floor," &c.\ clean ป j ฐ ฐ " _^ i ; | i I I CASAL CBENDI. Trs. 1865. I-21 F. 9 August - Angolo, 9 - - - Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Not clean Not crowded None — I 25 M. 30 September Parrocchiale, 15 - „ „ ? >ฆ „ Indifferent Crowded I 1 Street -. CASAL LUCA. j 28 M. 1 October - Britannica, 54 - - i Undrained Unpaved Indifferent j No Ground Floor Clean i Crowded \ None — B2 „ 8 September „ C 3 - „ ? Good „ Ist Floor „ j Not crowded 1 Garden 26 F. 9 October - St. Andrea, 20 - j „ ป ? ? „ „ „ 1 Yard II ill 28 „ 15 September „ 60 • j ? .. ป v Ground Floor „ „ 3 Both | !l' 9 M. 19 September San Andrea, 62 - J „ „ ป ? „ „ „ 2 vents Yard • :..-.. , .ฆ-; .. .. : : I : :| : : . 63 „ 17 October ฆ 73 - - j .. ป ป Ist Floor „ „ 2 „ 46 F. 24 September Carmine, 62 ? ป „ .. „ | Not clean Crowded 1 Street 74 „ 27 „ „ „ ป ป h ป. „ „ 1 i 65 M. 20 „ - 158 ป ป ป. .ป „ Clean Not crowded j 1 10 F. 20 October - „ 175 - ป Indifferent „ ! Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 1 Yard 60 „ 24 September S. Giorgio, 24 - - ป. ป. Good „ Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Street and open passage. 62 M. 22 „ - „ 36 - - ป .. .. >• Ground Floor j „ „ 2 vents Yard 50 „ 1 October . „,.--ป >• ป ป Ist Floor „ „ i Garden 54 „ 6 - Parrocchiale, 40 - - ป. ป. Bad „ Ground Floor Not clean „ 2 Both 35 „ 6 „ Piazza Chiesa, 43 - - ? .. Indifferent „ „ () Crowded 1 Yard 22 F. 12 August - Parroco, B. - - - I Undrr.iued Unpaved Good [No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Street 27 M. 20 September Piazza Melleha, 14 • „ .. .. .. Ground Floor „ „ ST. PAUL'S BAY. 3 M. 15 August - Chiesa, P - - Undrained Unpaved Good No " Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Street CASAL SAFI. 40 F. 19 October - S. Paolo, C - - • I Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor j Clean Crowded None •— | (damp). 6 „ 10 „ - S. Giuseppe, Vicolo Iฐ, 2 - „ ? >ป ป Ist Floor Clean Not crowded „ — 1\ M. 14 „ „ 22 - „ v ป Yes ; Ground Floor j Not clean „ i Yard i CASAL CHIECOP. 75 jF. 17 August - ! Vicolo S. Andrea, 3 - i Undrained Unpaved Good Yes j Ground Floor Indifferent Not crowded None — CASAL DINGLT. 4A M. 28 August - ] Concezione, 7 - - Undrained Unpaved Good Yes Ist Floor Clean Crowded l Field 1 ... . ... ' f . 188 APPENDIX TO REPORT ' •where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1860 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. ; Doors : Quality I J Any Smell Nature j Whether j whether at the ; j H | Situation W hether Luropan 'suoh Gulley of How I Nuisance! Time of Quantity: obtained: 1 of | Gulley I or Sink j Privy Privy is |or Smell ฐ P T Attack:j <, j Carried None No „ „ !Dung cellar — Yes „ „ ป ? m >. .. ป •' .. "" ป. „ „ H „ ! Tank House Yes „ „ Cesspool j — No „ „ i) , 11 11 No „ „ Dung room — „ Yes — — Common stair „ ป „ „ Entrance ? ป ฆ. „ — No • Outer air „ .. „ .. Room „ •> ป „ — „ „ „ •• „ ? Yard „ .. „ None — — I Outer air Spring Good Sufficient Carried None No No No Dung room — No „ Rain ป „ ? „ „ Yes Yes None — — I I i Outer air Spring Gooel Sufficient : Tank Houso Yes No No Coin, privy, By hand No — trapped. ! ! I i Outer air Rain Good Sufficient 1 Carried None No No No None — — — I I I ฆ „ „ „ „ Tank Entrance Yes „ , t> Cesspool — No „ „ ? „ j Carried Yard, empty No „ „ Dung room — Yes — — I I ฆ Outer air Rain Good J Sufficient t Tank Yard No No No iDung room — Yes • 'I I Common stair Rain Good Sufficient Tank Yard No No No 'Dung room — Yes — __ i i ! 19034. T 139 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XX.— Statistical Return shoving th c Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Gozo,, Fatal Cases of Cholera. gtate Windows. State State State in whether State : Name of Street, Court, State ซซe general whether: which Floor theWallgj whether> at whether whether Sanitary j any of the Ceiling, or the Date Place, Ac. the Street the | Condition Nuisances House the Floors of ofAttack> State whether Date and or Court Surface was of Street were Patient was the House the Inmates No. the Windows _-. 8 ., _ ?D =ed)> ™ ซ-- pl r- of . ™?, ?c z , ฐ'~ * — - Death. of House or"Un- or "In- ,, In . at or "Ground Floor," ซ In . "Crowded" affected a "Street." where attacked. drained." different ." different," Deforet he "Mezzanine," different( ป ซ No t ' Room. "Court," or "Bad." 0r .. 8ad ... Time of ซi st Floor," or ซ Not crowded( ป &c . ftr ,. ป Yard, „ Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Street and indifferent. garden. 10 2 „-„„---ป ป .. ป ป ? ป 2 30 ป 25 August „ 8 - ป M Good „ „ „ „ 3 Both and garden. 70 „ 25 „ • Gharus, 2 ป ป ? ป Ground Floor Indifferent „ 3 vents Both 60 n 14 September Reale, 6 >• .ป Yard, bad — Ist Floor Clean „ 2 „ RABATO. 64 M. 5 August - Via Garbo, 49 •• Undrained Unpaved Good Yes Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 4 Both 8 F. 8 „ „ 1628„-„ป ป ป ป ป " ป 70 M. s „ - Wairingi, 10 - ป ป No 59 „ jg 30 .. ป ป ป Yes Ground Floor Not clean Crowded 2 vents Street 50 F. 25 - 46 ป ป ป ? ป Clean Not crowded 2 28 F. 15 September 48 - - ป ป ป No 41 M. 19 August - Monti diPieta • ป ป .-. >. <> ป 3 Street terrace, and hospital corridor. 40 „ _3 - Conservatory, 34 • • ป ป .. ป ป Not clean „ None 84, „ 9 44 - - ? H H „ ? Clean „ 1 Field 6 ? 4 September „ 45 - - ? „ „ „ ? Indifferent Crowded j None H „ 11 „ - „ 80 F. 17 August - .ป 63 - - ป ป ? ป Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 1 Street 45 M. 9 „ - Fontana.loo ปป „ Bad Yes „ Not clean Crowded l „ g5 „ 9 . Castello, 7 - • - „ „ Good No „ Clean Not crowded 1 „ 67 F. 7 September „ 19 - - - ป ? ป „ .. ป ป 1 Yard 35 M. 9 August - Assunta, 17 - • • Drained „ Yard, bad „ „ IndifTerent Crowded 2 Both 35 . 24 „ „„•-•„ 50 ป 2 September „ 27 - - - „ „ „ „ ป Clean Not crowded 2 29 6 August - ป 38 - „ „ Good Yes | Ground Floor Indifferent Crowded 1 vent Street 75 „ 6 September ป ปป - • " ป ป ป ป ป ป ป ป ป 50 „ 2 ) August - Carita, 8 - - - ป ป .. No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 „ ? jj . „ 20 - • • ป 7. ป ป ป ป ป 2 Yard and * ' terrace. 82 F. 11 - >i 37 - • * ป ป ป ป ป ป ป 1 Yard 1B 22 September 47 • • " ป ป Yard, bad Yes „ Indifferent „ 2 Both APPENDIX TO REPORT 141 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio). Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors : Quality I Anv Smell Nature Whether ซ.i. x. Whether i from _ f Nuisance whether at the How Situation Whe ther any open ! such Gulley 01 How aa \ Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy mor Smell openuigmtoa <* ..^ any AcCQmmo . supplied "Common Whence "Good" Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: from Stair," or into derived . "Clear!" **"• "*ffi Room," or Drains: fa „?*ฃ&. "Open „$. Privyat "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to , any Drain Sink, 'or By,, Time or the ซTWซI "Drawn ซTj ndcr "Yes," the House opened ซ Com mon Ha 5. d i Attack: lasted sl ,fl฿p! Pn t, " from unaer attacked : within the . J>pt "Outer Air." badly ป sumcient - pj™™^ Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied."! "Yes, Ac' Or " N ฐ-" 6 &c " &C " H"* o '' i Outer air Rain Good j Sufficient Tank Yard No No - Dung room ; Ncrtsup- No Garden „ „ No „ ป ' Occasion- ป ป ป " " wnruoii ? ally, yes. Vnrrl i •> ป YeS I .. N ฐ (1 „ „ Carried ! None „ „ ป ป ป " j Tank Yard „ „ „ ป | ป „ „ ปป .. Carried ! None „ „ >. None — — Tank Yard „ „ ? Dung room — No N ป Carried „ „ „ ? ป - „ „ ! Tank „ ป „ ป ป " „ „ „ Garden ? „ ป ป ~ ป "*^ „ „ Carried None m „ ,< ป " „ „ Tank Yard ? „ ป ป " I I ? .. Carried None - Occasion- — Tank Yard Yes „ „ Cesspool Not sup- ? — Outer Mr Rain Tasted Sufficient Tank Yard No No No Dung room - Yes badly. ป ป ป Cellar — ป — Aqueduct Good ? Carried None „ „ „ Dung cellar — No Common stair „ „ „ ป Yard, empty „ „ „ ป — Yes Outer air „ „ „ . None - Occasion- — Rain „ ? Tank j Under room „ „ „ None — — Yard ? „ „ .. — — v „ Carried None „ „ „ ป — „ Tank Yard Yes „ „ Cesspool — No — No „ „ Dung room — ป — - Common stair Aqueduct „ „ Carried ฆ Yard, empty ! „ „ „ „ — Yes Cuter air „ „ „ >. None „ „ „ „ ฆ — • ป Common stair Rain „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ Dung cellar -No Outer air „ „ ? ป. ฆ> ป ป ป ป " „ ป n ? Dung room — Yes Aqueduct „ „ : Carried Yard „ „ „ Dung cellar — ? Garden Yes „ „ Cesspool — Occasion- " ally, yes. Rain „ „ i Tank Yard „ „ „ „ — No Common stair „ „ „ .. Under house „ „ „ Sink By hand Occasion- ally, yes. Outer air Aqueduct „ ? | Carried None ? „ „ Dung room — No „ „ „ Yard, empty „ „ „ Cesspool — „ — — T 2 Table XX. Statistical฿eturn showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Gozo, Fatal Cases of Cholera. State Windows. " State State Statein whether State fe , ,„ , State State general | whether j which Floor the Wa n s> whether, at st fa NameofStrcet.Court, J*ฃ whether j any | oftho State Place, ftc, the Street ! the Condition * ulsances ! House the moonot of Attack, State whether Dato and or Court Surface was f gtreet | were j Patient was the House the Inmates No. the Windows .T. T . *, was "Properly or Court: com - | attacked: were of the Rooms . onen into Age. Sex. of Number or Designation , , before the "Mezzanine" diirerent> , .< Not Jtoomm .. Cou rt," or "Bad." or฿ad/ ป Time of "Ist Floor, or ,. Not crowded >. &c . „.,.,,„ Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. clean/ . ฐ ; " ?I — . | ' M. 2 September \ Carita, Vicolo 2ฐ, 97 - Drained Indifferent Indifferent Yes Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 S(re?t and 30 F. 29 August - Arciprete, 4 • - I Unpaved Gcod No „ „ „ 1 Street 75 12 „ - 10 ป ป Indifferent | Yes „ Not clean Crowded 3 Both 48 ! M 11 17 ซ ป No " Clean Not crowded 2 „ 40 F. 4 September 32 - - ' ป ป Yard > bad Yes " Not clean Crowded 1 Terrace 18 „' 5 „ - "„ ....-.'".". • - ฆ ป ป 55 „ 26 August • 35 „ ป Indifferent „ „ Clean Not crowded 2 Street 6 M. 17 - 41 - ป " " " " " Crowded 1 Garden 60 F. 16 GO - " " " " Isot crowded 1 Yard 70 M. 12 „ 1 68 ซ ป Goo(1 ป Entrance „ „ None 30 F. 33 „ „ 70 " " " " Ist Floor „ „ 1 60 „ 12 „ - Belligha.22 - - Undrained „ „ „ „ „ „ Field 40 „ 16 „ - Pi aZ za Sn. Agostino, 10 - Drained '• ป ป " " ป Yard 67 ป 24 „ - „ „ 14 - " ป •' " - ป " 1 StreCt in M 12 „ „ „ „ „ Indifferent „ 1 vent Yard HI at.. Li, „ if >t 15 w 19 „ „ „ Yes Ground Floor Clean „ 2 vents „ 78 ? H ? -s. Giovanni, 18 • ป " N ฐ* ฐ lean " * 0 ™ 60 „ 15 „ -i NuO va,lB ' N ฐ IStF1 ฐฐ r ฐ lean ป 2 B ฐ th a 14 F. 8 September ป. ป ป •> •• " - •• 78 „ 14 August - "35 ... ป ป ป " | Ground Floor Not clean „ 1 Street 31 M. 20 „ - GilinKatet.B - - ***>**** " " " lst Floor Indifferent ป X Gซ^en 30 F. 29 „ - b „14 • - " " " ~ " Clean " l B0 „ 5 September ? „ - - " " " " " 40 „ 2DAugi-st - ] n27 - - ป ป ป Yard,b฿d ? „ „ 1 Field t, an 4 ., ?o f .. h No Ground Floor „ „ 5 vents Yard and 1 F. 20 August - „ „45 - - " " m garden. Yard „ lst Floor „ „ 1 Street 54 •• " " ' >. ? 52 • - indifferent. 58 „ 28 „ - >f „ „ - - ป " " " . 4 M. 8 September Mercato , 5 - - - Drained " Good 60 F. 17 August . YiaZebbug , 2o . - Undrained „ Yard, bad Yes „ „ „ 1 20 days „ 21 September - . D-ned „ Indifferent „ .. Indifferent „ 2 Yards „ . ,„ of „ — No „ Clean „ 1 Yard 64 „ 9 August - 11 - • " 60 „ 2 September 28 . . ป ป Bad . - Ground Floor Not clean „ 2 Street 53 M . 14 August - 37 . . Undrained „ „ „ Ist Floor „ Crowded j Yard 80 F. 20 „ - I so . - ป " " " " " Not crowded I 1 40 M. 1 September ; ซ . . Drained „ ? ซ ป ป Crowded | 1 Street 80 F. 22 August - gteet j! 15 . . . Undrained „ Good „ „ Clean Not crowded 1 Open passage ?, „,. „ „ 2nd Floor „ „ 1 Street 6 n 5 September 22 - - • " . „ lst Floor „ „ 2 „ 85 9 ""„„-*• " " 3 „ 13 „ • „...ป 3 0 M. 22 August - via " Keruin> 4 . - ป ™™™ซ CroWded 2 I „, Indifferent Yes „ Clean Not crowded 3 „ 50 F. 22 ป ' Providenza, 14 _. No Ground Floor „ „ 2 Yard 55 „ 24 „ •j g Giorgio, Vicolo, 62 - " 63 M. 21 September Piazza Sta. Sabina, 22 . Drai ป ed " in S, lt " lst E1 ฐฐ r " " 2 Good .. ป ป ป. 4 Both 67 „ 25 August • „ 24 - " UOOU 7 F. 20 „ - Dietro St. Agostino, 14 - Undrained „ ซ ซ ป street 40 „ 30 „ - „ „ „ - 14 „ 12 September Biblioteca, 30 - - Drained „ „ >• ป ? 28 M. 13 „ • Pieta,49 *™<* - YtB " Indifferent ป 2 70 F 20 August - Porta฿eale.il . - Undrained Unpaved - Ground Floor Clean „ None 3 M.,16 „ .'Beinit-tfali? YeS F1 ฐฐ r " " * ! I ' 142 APPENDIX TO REPORT where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. "Water Supply. - House Drainage. Doors: Quality Any Smell Nature Whother whether at the Hoy Situation whether ! Iny open suchGulley of How Nllisance . „ ..„ . Time of Quantity : obtained : of Gulley or Sink j Privy Privy is or Smell op ;r ; Attack = -sum; "? r r r n ******.. ™* sin ฐ k r in ?tXe\^™ฐ- sn s d ซ- r b ซ ABKB . Common Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: from Stair," or into I derivC(L "Clear," **"ซ Room/or Dralns: Co ฐ u r rt ซ%s&* "ฐP en Pig" Priv - vat . "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain j Sink," or "By Time of ซrr f a "Drawn „ TTnrl ._ "Yes," the House opened , ip Hand," Attack,,nwAi nwAip >. Tasted sufficient." from Under attacked : within the Common "Not Attac */ Outer Air. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." "Yes," . or " No." or House . „ . „ ._ •< -vr. ป &c. j aff ected. j &c - &c - or No> _? . . j Common stair ' Rain i Good Sufficient Tank Yard Yes Yes No Yes Not No Died at 57, Strada Chiesa, supplied. Casal Garbo. Outer air „ „ ? „ „ „ No Sink By hand „ „ j Aqueduct „ „ Carried None „ Yes Yes Cesspool — „ „ Rain „ „ Tank Yard „ No No „ — „ „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried Yard, water No „ „ Dung cellar — „ brackish. „ Rain „ „ Tank Entrance Yes „ „ Cesspool Not „ supplied „ „ , „ Yard „ Sink in „ „ By hand Occasion- — — affected ally, yes. room. „ „ „ „ „ ป No No „ Dung room — No „ „ „ „ „ Entrance „ „ „ Dung cellar — „ „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried None Yes „ „ Sink By hand „ „ Rain „ „ „ „ No „ „ Dung room — „ Common stair Aqueduct „ „ „ Entrance, „ „ „ Dung cellar — „ water bad. Outer air Rain „ „ „ Yard, empty „ „ „ „ — Occasionally, yes. Common stair Aqueduct „ „ „ Yard, water „ „ „ „ — No bad. Outer air Rain „ „ Tank Yard „ Open „ „ — Yes gulley. „ „ „ „ Carried None Yes — Yes Cesspool — „ „ „ „ „ Tank Entrance „ No No „ — Occasionally, yes. __ „ „ „ „ „ Under room „ „ „ Sink By hand No „ Aqueduct J „ „ Carried Under house, No „ „ Dung cellar — empty. „ „ ' „ Yard, water „ „ „ Dung room — „ bad. „ „ „ „ „ None „ „ ? Dung cellar — Yes Outer air Rain „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ Dung room — No „ „ „ „ h " Yes „ „ Cesspool — „ . mm ' Carried Yard, water No „ „ Dung room — Yes bad. „ „ „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ Stable — „ „ „ „ „ Carried Yard, water Yes „ „ Cesspool — No brackish. „ Aqueduct „ ป „ None No „ „ Dung room — Yes Common stair „ „ „ „ ป ? ป> ปป >• — ป Outer air „ „ „ „ Yard, near „ „ „ Corner of — „ house. yard. „ „ „ „ Yard, water Yes „ „ Cesspool — No brackish. „ Rain „ „ Tank Under house „ „ „ „ Not „ supplied. „ Aqueduct ? „ Carried ป •> •• >ฆ ป ป >• „ „ „ „ „ None No „ „ Dung cellar — „ „ „ „ „ n •> ป •> Dung room — Yes „ Rain | Brackish ? Tank Yard „ „ „ Dung cellar — No „ Aqueduct Good „ Carried Yard, water „ „ „ Dung room — „ bad „ Rain „ „ Tank Yard Yes „ „ Cesspool — „ „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried Under house No „ „ Dung room — „ „ „ „ „ ? Yard empty Yes „ „ Cesspool Not „ supplied „ Rain „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ „ „ Yes „ Aqueduct „ „ Carried None No „ „ None — — I 143 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. APPENDIX TO REPORT 144 Table XX. Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Gozo, Fatal Cases of Cholera. State 0WS ' State State Statein whether State State State general whether which Floor theWallg> whe ther,at Name of Street, Court, t whether whether Sanitary any of the Ceilings, or the Date State Place, Ac, I the Street the Condition Nuisances House the Floorsof o f Attack, State whether Da t e and or Court Surface wafi of Street were Patient was the House the Inmates No. the Windows waa "Properly orCourt . com- attacked: were o f the Rooms in "Age. Sex. of Number or Designation paved," "Good," P lainedof '' Basement," ซ clean," were open into Death. of House or^'Un- or "In- ซ In .' at or "Ground Floor," ซ ln .' "Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked. drained." *ซ' different," **ป** differ6nt " " W ฐ* <ป " 2 ? 24 F. 23 - ; „ „ *„ . A „„.+ *a .. .. ป Ground Floor „ Crowded 3 vents Both #o tt 4 August • ; ? o\t • • • ii f* H M. MOetoto - . ป .JSBL. " IStF1 ฐฐ r No ' Cr ฐ WdT d - , 50 F. 29 September ?19- - - „ ป ป No Ground Floor Indifferent „ 3 Tซdand 40 „ 2 October - Corsa.3B ป ป lst Floor Cleall - 2 Both 60 M. 10 August -? 45 ป Yard, bad Yes „ Not clean Crowded 1 Yard 75 F. 2 October - Marsalforn, 68 • ป Good No Ground Floor Indifferent Not crowded 2 vents Street 60 M. 25 September Cortell,2l ป - - ป Not clean „ 3 ™ป nd 90 F. 20 October - „ 31 - - - ป ป " lst Floor ป 1 Garden ซ 40 . „ Yard, bad Occasion- „ Clean „ 1 Open passage 6(5 ? 3 ป " ally yes ?ซ...--- 50 ... .. Yard, ,'/ ' „ Indifferent Crowded 3 Field 1A M. 6 „ - ป ™ indifferent. A v . 30 F. 21 September St. Antonio, 10 - ป ป No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 4 vents Yard 35 M. 7 October - „ 22 - - „ - „ Occas^- Ist Floor „ . 1 Field 30 F. 7 CASAL NADUR. 35 F. 15 August -S. Giovanni, 13 - - Undrained Unpaved Good Ist Floor Indifferent Not crowded UJ^ Garde^and 22 „ „ „ No Ground Floor Clean „ None Yai-d 1M.26 I - Bingemma.l - - JBSU ?Kฃ: " " " ป -t. f f OA 17 . - Yard, bad „ Ist Floor Indifferent „ 2, Street and 90 „ SO „ - ป 2 vents terrace, yard. „ Parroco 17 „ Good No Ground Floor Clean „ 1 Street 62 n ***• ป 56 F. 20 September Chiesa, A. 3, 12 . „ „ Yes Ist Floor Indifferent Crowded j 1 CASAL SANNAT. 18 F. 11 August - Cenc,3 > . - Undrained Unpaved Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded . . „ „ „ Crowded 2 liotk 4 „ 16 September „ 4 • • - ป ป •• . „ „ „ Not crowded 2 Yard 60 „ 19 August ? 5 o 11 - ? Yard, „ „ ซ ป 2 1 Field 8 ป 9 - ' " " indifferent. 12 .. ป .. -....• • 2 50 „ 12 .. -..,.-• - ป ป " " j 145 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio)— continued. ~~ Water Supply. H ฐ use Drainage. _ 1 j— : Doors : Quality An y Smell Nature j Whether whether at the How Situation !W! Wh ether an^open such Galley of How , Nuisance ( . .f „ Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is |or Smell opemngmtoa ..^ any Accommo . supplied arose "Common Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: from Stair/'orinto derived . "Clear," **"ฆซ Room,ปor ! DrainS: ffl "Op p^., Privyat .. "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," close to any Drain Sink," or "By , Time of '*' ' -•— -M-^-i'Sr " Ulld " ! " T !*" -SfflK^SE4. -"-T 1 "Outer Air. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or "No." "Yes," Room Privy," supplied. Yes, . or "No." or House - k or"No"l &o. affected. &c ' &Cl | or liNo# j i Outer air Spring Good Sufficient Carried None No No No Dung room. — . No " " " " " " " Garden „ „ „ None - „ >, Well „ „ „ „ Dung room — No Eain „ „ Tank Yard Yes „ „ Cesspool Not Yes supplied ? „ „ „ No „ „ Dung cellar — Occasion- ally, yes „ Spring „ „ Carried None „ „ „ Dung room — , No jt v >ป ป ปj ** j> *> JVonฉ *ฆฆ" "™" „ „ „ „ Well Garden „ „ „ Dung room — No — — „ „ „ „ Carried None „ ? „ Dung room — No — — ally, yes. ป jj fy JJ ,J fj ff ff J> : "" , I GS n ป ป ป ป ป ป> ป Dung room — No ally, yes. ป ปป ป M jป ป jLfircl ~~*- ,j „ „ ป .ป ? ป ป. ป Dung room — Occasion- ally, yes. Outer air Spring Good Sufficient Carried None No No No Dung room — No a m „ ii .1 i) ป ป >ป None — — „ „ ? ป .. ป. ป ป ป Dung room — — Rain „ „ Tank — „ ? „ Garden — No — „ Spring „ „ Well Yard „ ป „ Dung room — „ Outer air Rain j Good Sufficient Tank Yard No No No Dung room — No „ „ „ „ Carried None ? ปป ป ป — ? — „ n ii n ป ป ป >ป >ป Dung cellar — „ I „ „ „ „ Tank Under house Yes ป „ Cesspool Not Yes I supplied. T4 .Table XX.— Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of Goao, Fatal Cases of Cholera. gtate gtatein State | Windows. " _.. State whether which nn 0 or Mother State StntP State general t ฑ\, n the Walls, whether, at c+ซ, +/ ป NameofStreet.Court, J^ her Ceilings.or the Bate j Place. Ac thegtreet the Condition patient was Floors of of Attack, j State whetlier Date and or Court j Surfaee was j of Street com . attacked: the House | the Inmates No. the Windows Aซ, * nf T^her or Designation was "Properly or Court : "Basement," were (Ofthe฿ooms in ntQ Age. Sex. of Number or Des lg natu>n d -. ..^ P ซ GroundPloor/ . "Clean," were Death. ofHouse or ซ Un . orซIn- < .. "In- "Crowded," ฆป** a Sheet, where attacked. drained." dlffe ' en *' )> different," Tlmeof .. lst Floor," different," "Not Room., "Court," or Bad. or-8^... „ 2nd rloor ป &c . or"Not crowded," Ac O rซboth." clean." — — " T W" F. 18 AuS - Cenc.ll . • - Undrained Unpaved .^Yard,^ No. Ist Floor. Clean Not crowded 2 Field 66 M. 23 „ 33 F oa. 17 . ? ป Good ป ป " ,2 f Fiddl ฐ pen 33 *• 24 „ • ป 37 • • - ป> 1 vent. passage. 20 . „ „ „ Ground Floor „ „ 2 vents Yard 44 M. jic - Munxar, l ..... ป Yard, bad Yes lst Floor I"di ff erent „ ? Yard, garden ? v I „ „ Yard, ? ป ป Crowded I, Street, yard 35 *• ,31 „ - „ 9 - - - • indifferent. p 2 vents 8 ป I 8 Septemhcr ? ? • • • " 15 M. MAugurt - „ 20- . J ป " Yard, bad Yes „ Clean Not crowded ? Yard ฆa \ ..... Indifferent Crowded ป Street 4* r - 11 September ! „ 26 . • - j ป ป 17 .. - .. ป • o . „. „ Yard. „ ฆ> Not clean Not crowded 2 Street and field *ฐ ป 21 August - ป 66 - • • indifferent. 3 M. 26 „ - ? ? • „ | ?,, . h, . „ „ Good No „ Clean „ 1 Street 65 *• 16 September „ 71 - - - ป n* m . >7wปf+oซ ป Yard, bad Yes „ Indifferent „ 1, Garden, yard 75 M. 12 August - Zabbetta, 6 --->.ป' 2 vents ? v a .. Good No „ Clean „ 2, Field, yard la * ฆ 22 September ป ป • • • ป 2 vents 60 M. 27 August - Saguna,l9 ป Yard ' bad YeS ป „ 1 Street Cซ F. 29 - " " " " " " " oq a , „ „ .. „ ป Crowded 8 Garden S3 „ 30 - ?21 2 Field 80 ป23 September Chiesa, 11 - - - j ป " " MAESALFORN. M | Undrained Unpaved Good No Ground Floor Clean Crowded 1 Street 00 jh. is August - - 27 F M „ „ „ „ ? Not crowded ; 1 Bay CASAL GARBO. 78 M. 8 Augllst . ! Torre, 1 - - - Undrained | Unpaved Yard, bad ? lst Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Field B , v , s „ „ Good No „ „ „ 1 Street 52 * . 3 October - „ 15 - - - ป 1 62 .. 30 September .. 21 " „ _ _ „ Yard „ ป Indifferent „ lvent Yard 82 M. 2 October - 8. Lorenzo, 2 . indifferent. 70 M. is September S. Lorenzo, 16 .... >• Good „ ? Clean „ F.eld CO F. 19 „ „ „- „ „ „ Ground Floor Indifferent „ None — 50 M |24 ? - ป 25 • - ป " " ,T, T j , rt „ Yard, bad ? lst Floor Clean Crowded 1 Field 50 SI. I 2 „ - „ 30 • - ป " Good No „ Indifferent Not crowded 2 „ 80 , ( j27 „ • ป> ** m m a 3 F. i2 o . „ M • - ป ป Yard, bad Yes „ „ „ Street 14 M. 29 „ - .. " " " " " " 50 .. 2 „ - Wileg. 6 ..-ป ป Good N ฐ " ฐ lean " * 65 F. 12 ? 27 • 23 M. 16 „ - FungHs฿ock.4 .... ซ indKent. " " " " ' \ „ „ lvent Yard \\ F. o ? 6 . - 40 M 19 - • " Good " " " „ 1 „ „ ป. .. Indifferent Crowded 2 Both .„ „ Clean Not crowded 1 „ S „ 13 „ • Trux, 17 ..... ป ป " " 1 M. 14 „-„„••-ป ฆ " " " 1 M. U October - wiedMeril,l2 . • ? Indifferent ป 1 Street 72 F. 7 „ .. 13 • - ป ป " YeS - Clean - 2 ..ซ.ซ• *- .. ? Indifferent „ 1 „ 60 „ 19 September Blata, 35 • • - .. >• " " " i I APPENDIX TO REPORT where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio) — continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. . , _— — —^—— — , i Doors: Quality I • Any Smell Nature Whether whether at the How Situation Whether | %™*ฃ 8u0 &l e y of How Nซซ"* . , Time of Quantity: obtained: of • _ i Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell "Common whence "Good," I Tank," or "Under House the Street Patient was dation: Water: j from icemahks. Stair/'orinto - Clear," <*ป*" ซ ? „ Drains: ; ,ซ Open Privyat "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," I] ., ?„ซ. ..„ Tasted sufficient." from Under „,, : within the Common ซ Not | Attack . 'ฆOuter Air. badly," Pipe,"&c. Court," &c. or J>lOt i "Yes," Room Privy," supplied." i "Yes, ** i or " No -" Sd! ฆ*>ฆ*• iฐ'-" No ' ; _ Outer air Rain Good ! Sufficient ! Tank Under house i Yes No No Cesspool I Not Yes „ „ „ „ ; Carried ! Yard, empty No „ „ None ( — „ „ „ „ None „ „ ป Corner of ; — Yes „ „ „ „ | Tank Gardeti „ „ „ Dung room ; — „ „ „ „ „ Carried Garden, „ „ „ „ — ป „ „ „ i Carried Garden, ? „ „ „ ? _ „ i Diedat 19, Strada Saguna. Rain „ ? Tank j Yard ? „ „ .., j - Yes „ Spring „ „ Carried J None „ ? >, None — — I „ Rain „ „ Tank Garden ? „ ? IDung room | — Yes I ' „ -Spring „ „ i Carried Yard, empty „ „ „ „ — •ป „ Rain „ „ „ Yard, water „ „ ? „ ~ .. not used. ! j Outer air Rain Good j Sufficient Carried None No No No None — — I Tank House Yes ? „ Sink By hand No j Died at 12, Strada Carita, " " " Rabato. Outer air Rain Good Sufficient \ Tank Yard No No No Dung room: — No „ „ „ „ „ (iarcieir „ „ „ „ — Yes Yard „ „ „ „ ~ No ? „ ,5 ? ป ป — Occasion- ally, yes. „ ? „ j) ป ป Dung cellar — No *— ! „ „ „ „ ', Carried None „ „ „ None — — „ „ „ Garden „ „ „ Dungroomj — No "— „ „ None „ „ „ „ — Occasion- „ „ „ „ : Tank j Garden „ „ „ „ — — „ „ „ „ Carried ! Yard „ „ „ „ — No j „ „ „ ป : Tank „ ... „ „ „ — „ | I ? „ „ „ | Carried Yard, empty ป .. ป ป — ! • ป ~~* j I „ ? „ ! Entrance, „ „ „ „ „ i. empty. I Tank j Yard „ „ „ „ ' Carried Garden.water ? „ „ Dung room, — „ not used, i garden, j „ „ ; Tank Yard „ „ ? Dungcellar| — ? „ „ „ ป ป ป ป Dung room j — „ „ Carried i None „ „ „ „ Yes „ „ „ ? Tank Yard „ , — No 19034. U - ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XX. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings, in Villages of Gozo, . . . . . Fatal Cases of Cholera. B . „ . Windows. ~ i State State i State in whether gtat(J Name of Street Court State Stat ฐ ซ eneral whether ' Floor the Wall wh ether,at Name of Street, Court, any ofthe q,^^ Date state Place, &c. the Street the Condition Nuisances House the ploors of ofAttflck> State whethep Date and or Court ! Burface was l of Street were ' Patient was the House the Inmates No . ... ,, - _— ?D Zd, , ~ ir- -s-l-JSSSr .=.- ™™ * ~ Death. of House or "In- ..j,,. at or | "Ground Floor," ., In . "Crowded," affected a "Street," where attacked. I drained." different," jQff^nt," before the "Mezzanine," different; ป ซ N ot Room> or 'Bad." OT ซ Bad ป Time of "Ist Floor" ; or ซ Not crowded) ป &c . ฐฐ urt ' Attack. "2nd Floor," &c. c i ean •> or "both." . . . BIRBULA (a hamlet near C. Garbo). Yrs. 1865. 25 M. i 9 October -I 7 - - -I Undrained Unpaved ! Good No Ist Floor Clean i Not crowded 1 Street 52 F. 16 - „ - - - j „ „ „ ? „ „ 1 80 M. 16 „ 9 • 1 „ ? „ „ „ Very clean . 2 Garden and ! field. 65 16 „ - 13 ... „ |( „ M v Clean ? 1 Garden 80 „ 19 „ - 22 ... ? „ „ „ >( Very clean „ 1 Field 57 F. 20 September '35 . . . | „ (J M M Clean n 1 „ MUNXAE (a hamlet near C. Sannat). 66 M. 26 September j 12 ... Undrained | Unpaved | Good No Ist Floor Not clean Not crowded I Yard 1$ F. 12 August at - - - j •ฆ „ „ „ „ Clean 1 Street 45 „ 22 „ - 28 •-•(? „ „ „ Ground Floor ? 3 vents Both 50 „ W October -„•-•>, „ „ „ „ „ „ ? „ 30 „ 11 September 30 - - - ? „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 1 Street 3 M. 3 ? - 38 - - i „ „ „ Yes „ Indifferent 1 Garden SANTA PIETRA (a hamlet near C. Garbo.) 75 IM. 28 August - i 26 - Undrained j • Unpaved Good No Ist Floor Indifferent Not crowded i * Terrace .< 45 F. 1 September i 44 - - - j ฆ> „ „ „ „ Not clean „ 1 ' Field KERCEM (a hamlet near Rabato). 88 M. 2 September Peipu, 8 - - • I Undrained Unpaved Good Yes Ist Floor Clean Not crowded 2 Yard and terrace. 36 F. 2 „ - Santa Maria, 4 - - „ „ „ No „ Not clean Crowded 1 Yard : 11 „ 8 „ - . „ 14 - • „ „ „ „ „ Clean Not crowded i 1 Garden 75 |M. 10 „ -S. Gi-cgorio, 16 ? „ „ Yes Basement | Not clean Crowded j None — 55 i „ 7 „ - .. 17 - - ; „ „ — — — — — — 50 F. 20 August - M 21 - - j „ „ „ No Ist Floor Clerai Crowded ! 1 Street 36 „ 20 September „ 26 - - „ ? „ ? „ „ Not crowded ! 1 .. 6 M. 9 August - Ghain Tata, 3 - • „ „ „ ? „ ? P ? ? 70 F. 24 - „ 8 - - | ? „ „ Tes „ Not clean Crowded i 2 Street and garden. 20 „ 2 September ? 14 - - ; „ „ „ No Ground Floor Clean Not crowded 2 vents Yard 65 M. 14 August - „ I „ „ „ „ Ist Floor „ „ 4 vents Both 40 F. 29 „ - Annunziata, 21 - - ? „ „ „ „ Indifferent „ None — SANTA LUCIA (a hamlet near Kercem). 35 F. • 9 Sept. - Santa Lucia, 34 - • Undrained Unpaved ] Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded i 4 vents Yard and garden. 13 M. 16 August - I Saro, 22 „ „ „ — — — — — • CASAL ZEBBUG. 56 F. 27 August - Chiesa, 2 - - - Undrained j Unpaved Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded j 2 Street 55 „ 6 October - ! Ghain Melel, 19 - - ? ? „ „ „ Not clean Crowded 1 Field 26 M. 10 - ] „ „ • - ? „ „ ? „ . „ „ 1 5 F. 18 September ! Punta, 1 - - - „ „ „ „ Ground Floor Clean „ 3 vents Both 30 „ 23 „ - „ „ - - ฆ .i 48 M. 27 „ •?,,- - - i 62 F. 2 October „ 2 „ „ Yes Ist Floor „ ! Not crowded 1, Street, yard 2 vents 53 F. 4 September „ 30 - „ „ No „ Indifferent ! Not crowded 1 Garden 55 M. 18 „ - Selluni, 1 - - - „ ? „ ป Ground Floor „ „ 1 Field ( I 40 F. 29 „ - Canun, 1 - - „ „ ? „ Clean „ 3 Yard 28 „ 3 October ปซซป-••. ป ป ป Ist Floor „ „ 1 Garden 28M.8„.„„.- - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 1 fiO „ 27 September i Scapuccina, 12 „ „ „ No Ist Floor, „ „ — — i open passage. APPENDIX TO REPORT where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1860 (prepared by Dr. Ghio; — continued. Water Supply. House Drainage. Doors: ! Quality Any Smell Nature ฆ "Whether whether atthc How .Situation mether SJ^ suohoSlley <* How Nuisance . • , Time of Quantity: obtained: of Gulley or Sink Privy Privy is or Smell OP Il on AttBCk: "*ซฆ '&ซ•** aUy ซฃ* TKL Accommo- - w^ d , -ose Common Whence "Good," Tank," or "Under ! House the Street Patient was dation : Water: , from KEMARKS. Stair," orinto - Clear," <*ป*" ซ ! ta,"or | Mm: „•**** "Open Jg. Privy at xi "Muddy," "In- "Carried," "House," i close to any Drain Sink," or "By Time of "TnstAii "Drawn i .< TTTIfIa _ ! "Yes," the House opened <ซ rw,™,™ Hand," * ttny ,v. ซfto*fcซ.ซปป sufficient." from -Under attacked : within the Common "Not Atta ซ k: uuxerair. j badly," | Pipe," &C. 1 Court," Ac. or "No." "Yes," Itooin Privy," supplied." "Yes," •ป ! ฐ r "'"'•" sss I ***ป• ซ™r __ i II Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried j Yard, water No No No I Dung room — No ! tasted badly. ? „ ... ? i Tank \ Yard „ „ „ „ — „ —~ ' j ! 1 I Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried None No No No Dung room — No — — „ „ „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ „ — Yes „ ป ป ป Carried None „ „ „ „ — No — — Spring „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ — „ ป Rain „ „ Tank Yard „ „ „ „ — Yes I Outer air Bain Good 1 Sufficient Carried None No No No j Dung room — Yes „ ? „ „ Tank Yard „ ? „ „ — No Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Entrance No No No (Dung room — Yes — ป Spring „ „ Carried None „ „ „ „ — „ — „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ iDung cellar — No „ „ „ „ „ Garden, water „ „ „ \ Dung room — Yes tasted badly. — — — _______ N O t visited. Outer air Spring Good Sufficient Carried None No No No Dung cellar — No „ „ „ „ „ Yard, empty „ „ „ Dung room — „ -— ปป .. ป ? ? None „ „ „ „ — n — — ' „ „ ป — Yes j „ .) ป ? .; Yard, water „ „ „ „ — „ — — tasted badly. „ Rain „ „ „ None „ ? „ „ — No — - „ Spring „ „ „ „ „ „ „ Dung cellar — „ — — Outer air Spring Good Sufficient Carried None No No No Dung cellar — No — — „ „ ป „ „ „ „ „ „ Dung room — „ Slept on the terrace. I Outer air Spring Good Sufficient Well Garden Yes No No Cesspool — Occasion- — — • ally, yes. „ „ ,i „ Carried „ No „ „ Dung room — Yes — — ป „ ป „ Carried Yard, empty „ „ „ „ — No — ซ ป „ ป ป Well Garden „ „ „ Dung room — No — — ป> ป ป >ป >i „ ป a n n ป • """' 11 n ป ป Carried None „ „ „ „ — „ — — U2 149 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO, P Table XX. — Statistical Return showing the Sanitary Condition of Dwellings in Villages of G-ozo, State Windows. State State State in whether State V.™ rat ซ*rwfc ; State State i general whether which Floor theWallg; whether, at Name of Street, Court, whether ;J^ any ofthe : state Place, &c, the Street tllG , Condition jNuisances House the FloorB of o f Attack, I State ! whether and or Court BurfeoewM ofStre et were Patient was the Hougo the Inmates No j the Windows v , -n • nnf mi was " Properly j Court . com- attacked: oftheEooms JfumberorDestgnation L Dpafafid ,, paved) ป j , " CHAJAR (a few houses between C. Zebbug and Marsalforn Bay). Yrs. 1865. 3 M. 21 August ฆ-- - - - Undrained Unpaved Good Yes Ist Floor Indifferent Not crowded! 2 Field 40 F. 23 „ „ „ ? „ .. >ฆ 2 37 M. 23 „ „ „ ? ? ii ? ? 2 '23 F. 28 „ - - - - - - „ n ป No „ Clean „ 2 Yard and terrace. GHASRI (a hamlet between C. Zebbug, Mt. Giordan, and Mt. Ghammar). 27 F. i 23 September Faro, IS - - - Undrained! Unpaved Good No Ist Floor Clean Not crowded ' 1 . Garden 25 „ 9 ? - „ 32 - • „ ป ป ii „ .. .. 1 Keld GHAMMAR (a hamlet near C. Garbo). 40 F. 29 September i Ghammar, 20 ฆ ฆ Undrained Unpaved ' Good Yes Ist Floor Clean ; Not crowded j 1, Street, yard 2 vents 70 M. 3 October - 27 - - ! „ „ „ No „ „ „ 1 Garden I 14 F. 5 „ - „ „ - - i „ „ „ „ „ Indifferent i „ 1 Terrace i I 40 M. 1 „ - „ 41 - - „ „ „ „ „ „ I Crowded 1, Street, yard I . ; I I _ ' _ | _JJtlฐ n foL. „._ - Table XXI. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and , . , „ Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. I Floor where j per attacked : [ Number Man Date of Date of Date of Date of "Ground Floor," [ of in Barracks. Corps. Name of Patient. Age. "Ist Floor" Room ! Pnmn nt Attack. Death. Attack. Death. Ist ilooi, Room at or wheie the "2nd Floor." attacked - Time of i Attack. ! I _J I i I Plague Hospital - Royal Artillery j Henry Forrester -29 28 June - Recovered Ground Floor 2 Married quarters. Tents at Salvatore ? James Whitfleld • 86 — 7 July • j Recovered , „ Tent Married ! Counterguard. ! from cholera, : and died of ซ i pneumonia, i Fort Tigne - - ? William Funnell -! 30 9 ? -! 10 July - | Ist Floor 17 421 ฆ I I ! St. Elmo - - „ William Crouk • \ 29 j — 16 „ 17 „ - „ 14 535 j „ „ Edward Dabbs - ; 25 17 „ • Recovered | Ground Floor 5 493 St. James Cavalier - ? George Garment - 2D — — 20 ? - 22 July -i „ 3 882 I I Private Lodgings, „ J Edward Stokes • i 89 21 „ - 22 „ - ฆ — — — Floriana. I < \ St. James Cavalier - „ William Bourdell -87 — — 25 „ - Recovered ; Ground Floor 6 535 i Marsamuseetto - \ ? Charles Granger •129 I 26 ? -30 July - ? 2 800 ; St. James Cavalier - „ William Morgan ฆ 88 — 30 „ -i 30 „ - „ 1 585 ! I ฆ! i i St. Salvatore - ? I Henry Bowley • I 89 I — 1 August - j 1 August • j „ 3 Married j quarters St. Elmo - - .. George Hopwood - 29 j — ~ 1 „ ฆ • 7 ป „ Band 1,000 Hut. ; St. Salvatore - ? Samuel Segars 27 | — 13 „ -| 14 „ „ IA. 600 i . I St. Ehno- - - .. Edward Pugh - 29 — 26 „ - Recovered „ 9 493 Fort Tigne - - .. William Wilson -j 25 — — 1 Sept. - 2 Sept. - „ 6 527 Marsamuseetto - .. George Bourne - 25 20 „ - 21 „ „ 2 800 „ John Boddell - •188 I — — 18 Oct. - Recovered Ist Floor 1 800 i St. Elmo- - - ป James Mather -j 31 — — 21 „ - j „ Ground Floor 3 Hut 1,000 i St. Angelo - - „ William Savage 26 — — 12 Nov. - „ „ 14 542 „ „ Thomas Silley . 30 26 June - Recovered — — ? 7 545 St. James Ccvalier - ? Frances Monk 25 4 July - „ — — Ist Floor . 5 882 APPENDIX TO REPORT where Cases of Cholera occurred, during the Epidemic of 1865 (prepared by Dr. Ghio)— continued. Water Supply. H QUS e Drainage. Doors: Quality I Aa^ M ' Nature | Whether whether at the How Situation whether ! a^yope'n su^ Ink^' ฐ f , N ™ e . .. Time of Quantity: obtained: of iGulley: ฐ t Privy , Privy is !or Smell opcningmtoa "^ ซerTank:' ซV Nfl฿. Aooommo. ซ# arose "Common whence . Good „ Suffl - I^%! ซ Undar I House the Street; *ฃฃ$ฃ* elation: Water: from LKKAMC -7- -I ; M x ~S. ?=;- ! t: & \ 3- s: •ฆซ,::,ป -s? — • SSi :^ !^i: ฉ "ss? A -P: i &c- or "No. affect ed. &c. &c. or "No." Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Carried j Yard, water | No No No Dung room | - Yes Outer air Eain Good Sufficient Carried Yard, water No No No j Dung room — j No Outer air Rain Good Sufficient Tank Yard No No No , Dung room - Yes Tank Yard „ „ ป ; — Yes " ' 1 : — — " (Signed) ANTHONY GHIO, M.D., Chief Police Physician, and Physician to the Lazaretto. Deaths from Diarrhcea and Cholera among Troops at Malta, during the Epidemic of 1865. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General , . j— How long Sanitary Lefore Condition of State of ! Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation: From From From Quantity: ! "Good," had hood ' Remahks. '•ฆSufficient," ซD ra i nS) ป From "Filthy otllci . Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: "In- or "Latrines." Neighbour- s ourcesJ . derived. or "In- j "Muddy," Itoom "Good," sufficient." "Gulleys." hood." " sufficient." "Tasted been Lime- "Inbadly." washed. different," " Bad." Sufficient Drains Latrines Filthysea No Hainwater Sufficient I Good Bad Nea^tlie ill-drained Lazaj 0 No No „ j Aqueduct „ ? 2 months Good -) Tents occupied by mar- I ried soldiers and their . Tanks ? i Muddy „ „ C families removed from -> '• " " ) Plague Hospital. Good „ „ Bad streets near. Insufficient ! Drains Latrines Yes Filthy ditch „ Tinted badly „ Indifferent No No No No „ - ป AtFlorianu. Drains Latrines Yes Ditch „ Sufficient Tasted badly 2 months j No No No No Aqueduct j , Good „ „ Xear Manderaggio. Drains Latrines Yes Ditch Tank Tasted badly Sufficient | No No No No „ „ Good | „ Good ? ? Indifferent Good „ „ „ 3 months „ ii Muddy 4 „ ? Insufficient [ ? ฆ ป Mueduot ] „ Good „ Indifferent „ „ Tanks „ „ „ ป „ „ Tasted badly 5 months Good jป ปJ ** Sufficient ? ป ป ป S* r " " lm ฐ nth " ~ Insufficient Drains Latrines Yes Ditch Tanks „ „ 2 months Indifferent Ltaajptoawnajerlto without any marked ง effect. TT" O v o ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXI. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. L , r 1 . ; y Cubic Floor where Vc^+ attacked: munllel _ pr of P "Ground Floor," ul M • Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of ซ, at ™ nm .ป Room """ xstJfioor, Room at Barracks. Corps. Attack. Death. , Attack. Death. or wuere th( . "2nd Floor." stacked. Attack. , - „ St. James Cavalier - Royal Artillery William Rees - 24 jlO July ฆ Recovered — — Ist Floor 6 585 Upper St. Elmo - „ Harry Nicholson 29 \l5 „ - „ — — Ground Floor 7 480 St. Elmo - - „ Benjamin Court 27 ; 8 „ „ — — Ist Floor 17 535 Hired House - „ Andrew Lasau • 28 114 „ „ — — — — — St. Elmo - „ John Edwards - 21. 10 „ - ? — — . Ist Floor 14 535 I Fort Salvatore - „ | William Mitchell 30 15 „ - „ — — Ground Floor 1 554 St. Elmo - - ป Joseph Walden - 33 20 „ - „ — — Ist Floor 14 535 „ ! Robert Smith - 88 IB „ • „ — — ? 15 884 Ricasoli - „ j Ricliard Manning - 30 20 „ — — Ground Floor 2 612 St. Elmo - - ii Andrew Mouger - 28 ฆ20 „ „ — — „ 37 553 - - „ Stephen Reid -31j 25 „ „ — — „ 5 493 „ „ James Leach - 27 ฆ25 „ • I — — „ Band 1,000 I " Hut. St. James Cavalier - „ George Rodber - 32 26 „ - „ — — „ 3 ( St. Elmo - „ j James Coss • - 24 25 „ „ — — ?7 4SO „ „ David Edwards - 31 27 „ „ — — Ist Floor 14 535 St. Angelo - - „ William Fay 31 28 „ „ ~ — „ 16 537 Marsamuscetto - Joehua Taylor 32 29 „ „ — — Ground Floor 1 800 Richard Jones 30 30 „ — — ? 1 600 St. Elmo - - „ Michael Keane - 23 30 „ — — ป 3 Hut 1,000 ฆ William Brooks 28 31 „• „ — — Ist Floor 11 534 William Peters - 23 31 „ „ — — Ground Floor Band 1,000 Harry Nicholson 29 31 „ — — ป ฆISO Joseph McKendry - 33 1 August „ ~ — ?9 493 Benjamin Court - 27 1 „ „ — — Ist Floor 17 535 James Coss 24 1 „ „ — — Ground Floor 7 480 Marsamuscetto - „ Joshua Taylor - 32 9 „ - „ — — ป 1 808 St. Elmo - - „ JohnDebnnm - 34 9 „ „ — — Ist Floor 17 035 St. Salvatore - „ Thomas Thomas ฆ 25 9 „ „ — — Ground Floor 13 569 j St. Elmo ฆ • „ George Campbell 27 9 „ „ — — Ist Floor 12 540 Samuel McCormick - 30 9 „ - „ — — ป 12 540 Marsamuscetto - „ JohnPhipps - 31 9 „ „ - — Ground Floor 1 800 St. Elmo - ฆ „ William Finn- - 27 10 „ „ - - Ist Floor 12 540 St. Salvatore - „ James White - "• 28 10 „ „ — — .. ~ St. Elmo - - „ John Burgess - 32 12 „ - - ป 16 535 Alfred Harris - - 22 12 „ - - Ground Floor 7 480 „ „ John฿isely - 33 12 „ - - ป 36 532 St. Salvatore ฆ „ JohnWatkins - 25 12 „ „ - - ป 10 584 Marsamuscetto - „ Andrew Rice - . 29 12 „ - „ ป St. Salvatore - „ John Bell . - 28 12 „ - „ 3mamed - I Hired Quarters - „ John Macklin - 40 17 „ „ St.Salvatoro • „ j James Dougherty -3116 „ - - - Ist Floor 4 662 Eicasoli - - „ IjosiauOwen. -3219 „ - „ - - Ground Floor 2 612 St. James Cavalier- „ James Weakley - 23 22 „ - - - lot Floor 6 585 St. Elmo ฆ - .. Alfred Woodruffe - 33 23 „ - „ - - Ground Floor 3 491 St. Salvatore • „ Thomas Pearson - 28 23 „ ฆ „ ป 1 A - 60 ฐ St.JamesCavalier- „ Edward Ives- - 32 24 „ - „ - - Ist Moor 4 882 gt. Elmo - - Harry Nicholson - 29 25 „ - „ - - Ground Floor 7 480 Marsamuscetto - „ George Bourne - 26 25 „ • ป ป 800 St. James Cavalier- „ JohnOaple . • ป 99 „ • . - - lst Floor 882 Bt . Elmo - - „ William Campbell ฆ3088 „ • - - Ground Floor j 7 480 Benjamin Court - 27 28 „ - ป ~ ~ Ist Floor 17 535 Bt. James Cavalier. „ William Tasker ฆ 27 29 „ St. Angelo - .- „ John Metcalf - ฆ 31 29 „ - „ - - Ground Floor | 5 516 152 APPENDIX TO REPORT ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 153 from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta during the Epidemic of 1865— continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. I General | , ' How long Sunitary o . * f before Condition of state oi _ Ventilation • Quality: the Attack Neighbourventilation. From From Quantity: "Good," had hood v cien, ซi) rainS| ป From "Filthy other Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected |of Quarter : Remaeks. —ฆ - Sufficient „ „ „ „ Tanks „ „ " " " " ป „ ? Good 11 " " ป .ป „ Indifferent Good Insufficient , „ „ „ „ Aqueduct ? „ m mdlftertot — Sufficient I „ „ „ „ Tank „ M • Good Insufficient „ „ „ Old masonry — — _ r> a , ฆ. ? — -Bad iv a back street near the Sufficient „ „ „ No Tank Sufficient Good 3 months Good hos P it!l1 ' " " ป " „ Indifferent Never a very healthy bar- Insufficient i Drains Latrines Yes Ditch Store depart- rack rackment tank. " Sufficient No i No No No Tank Good Insufficient Drains Latrines Yes Ditch Store depart- „ TซjMซ a ซซ,+ ment tank. " " inttitterent Sufficient No No No No Tank Insufficient „ „ „ -„ Aqueduct „ I Drains Latrines Yes Ditch Store depart- „ „ „, . , r , ment tank. Sufficient No No No No Tank [nsufficient Drains Latrines Yes" Ditch Store depart- Sufficient No No No No "^Tank*" „ Tasted badly „ Good 4t Table XXL — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. ฆ ', _, ? y * Cubic "~ , Floor where -p t attacked: Number _ ep of "GroundFlOor," ul M . h . Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of "i s t Floor," Eoom b^T ? Barracks. * Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or where ซ onA T>i m ป ป attacked. 2nd Floor. Thne of Attp.ck. Yrs St. Anucl.) - - Royal Artillery j David Knight - - 28 ' 29 August - Recovered — — Ground Floor 5 516 Ricasoli - - „ Robt. Dougherty - 33 31 „ — — ป 1 608 St. Salvatorc • „ William Best - - 2S 2 September — — ?2 married — quarters. St. Angelo ฆ - „ John Debnam - - 31 : 6 „ ป — — ป 17 537 Ricasoli - - „ William Reid . 28 7 ป ป ~ ~ ป 2 012 „ ? Henry H. Price - 23 |13 ป — — ป 2 612 „ „ Barthw. Byrne - 30 11 „ „ — — ป 1 608 Tigne - ? Robt. Johnson - 30 22 — — ป 13 m . „ James Towan - 28 22 ป — — ป 12 44 ฐ „ „ James Johnson - 35 24 - ป M ซฐ - „ Henry Manning - 34 24 — — ป 14 440 ' William Goodwin - 30 25 „ ป — " ป 15 598 St. Salvatore - „ Tliomas Tinkington - 38 25 „ ป — — ป 1 „ . . Thomas Pearson - 28 28 „ ป — — ป 1 A - 600 St. Elmo - - „ William Rees - 25 4 October -ป-- — ป 585 St. Angelo ฆ - „ Henry Legg ฆ 27 4 „ — — ป s *ฐ St. Elmo - „ Benjamin Court - 27 11 „ „ - — Ist Floor 17 535 Marsamuscetto - „ Richard Allert ฆ 28 13 „ • „ - - Ground Floor 1 800 St. Elmo - - William Roberts - 25 26 „ „ — — ป 15 5U St. Salvatore - „ David Knight - - 28 26 „ - „ - - Ist Floor 5 652 BlcasoU - - „ Alfred Woodruffe - 34 6 November - - Ground Floor 1 COS „ „ George Glendenning - 26 7 ป — Marsamuscetto - „ William Bourdell - 26 11 „ ป ปป Lower St. Elmo 100 th Regiment Private E. Dent - 33 - 18 July - 19 July - ; Ist Floor 3 788 Lance-Corporal Price 18 19 July -IR. 16 Sept. . — -- 2nd Floor 4 777 Aubcrgc de Baviere Private J. Chapman - 24 19 „ - E. 26 July - - lst Floor ! 1,800 Lower St. Elmo - „ Serjeant F. Gross - 29 20 „ -R. 8 August; — „ 10 796 Garrison Hospital - „ *Private T. J. Fowler -3520 „ - Readmitted - - | Ground Floor |20 C. 3,807 i | Lower St. Elmo - „ Lance-Corporal R. 25 21 -;R. 24 July - — — Ist Floor 5 750 Brown. Private M. W. Doyle - 34 - 22 July - 23 July - „ 6 760 R. Rounds - 23 — — 22 „ - 23 „ - 2nd Floor 7 859 W. Beechey - 23 — — 88 ป • 28 ป • lit Floor 5 750 „ - „ J. Greenam - 33 22 July - B. 30 July — „ 6 7CO W. Smith • - 27 22 „ - R. 29 „ - — — 2nd Floor 10 747 „ P.Buchanan- 34 22 „ - R. 31 August — — „ 12 838 J. Gullivan ฆ 25 22 „ • R. 28 July — „ 5 C9l F. Gorman ฆ26 — — 23 July ฆ24 July - j 4 758 E. Sturt - 28 — — 23 „ - 23 „ ฆ lst Floor 7 859 Garrison Hospital - „ J. J. Fowler- 35 28 „ -M „ Ground Floor 20 C. 3,559 Coll., Lower St. „ „ B.Mirach - 27 - 24 „ -24 „ - Ce^Lower - 574 Lower St. Elm) - „ „ Jno. Smith - 32 23 July ฆ R. 20 July - - - 2nd Floor 7 859 J.Ainslir - 34 25 „ - R. 4 August — ~ lst Floor 3 788 W.Burnett - 36 — — 24 July - 25 July - „ 2 750 Corporal C. Fowler - 29 — — 25 „ -25 „ • „ 7CO Lame-Corporal E. 26 25 July - B, 26 July - - 2nd Floor 10 747 Hennesey. APPENDIX TO REPORT 155 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OP MALTA AND GOZO. from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta during the Epidemic of 1865— continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. I Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General — — — — , .. — — — — How long Sanitary before Condition of stateof Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation^ *;p r oin Prom From Quantity: "Good," j had hood "Sufficient," ซ DrainS) .> j Prom "Filthy ot , ]er Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: REMARKB. ' I . n " or j ซ Lat ; ป Neighbour- ,WivPซl or "In- "Muddy," i Room "Good," sufficient." ซ Gulleys ... ! ฆ Latunes - hood>> . Sources. denved - sufflcicnt .ป ซ Tasted i been Lime- "Inbadly." \ washed. different," "Bad." | . . I . . Sufficient No No No No Tank i Sufficient iTastod badly 3 months Good h ii „ „ „ Rain water „ Good ! 4 months Indifferent tank. >. „ „ „ ? „ „ Good ป ? ii ป. ii „ ? Tasted badly| „ „ ป ii ฆ. „ ? „ „ „ Good „ Indifferent I „ „ , ป „ „ „ Muddy, and „ Good Drain from latrine broken tasted badly. into tank, M ป !> ป ป 99 ป I) 1% || 19 )) M II 99 M U II 99 19 19 99 II 99 ปป 99 99 ป 9. 99 99 99 19 99 19 99 19 99 II " 99 ,9 II 99 99 I, 99 II Good „ „ • ' m n v v h • „ ? >9 „ „ „ ?5 months Indifferent 'ฆฆ — — ii ป 9) ป ป „ ป Tasted badly „ Good i 9 ,9 ... ป 99 . .9 ii Good „ Indifferent j Insufficient „ „ >. „ : Aqueduct „ „ „ „ Sufficient „ „ „ „ Tank „ „ „ „ H .9 99 ป || „ ,9 || „ GOOd 99 99 99 >' >• H 99 99 >9 j Indifferent — Insufficient „ „ „ „ Aqueduct „ „ „ „ — y I ' THOMAS PARK, Surgeon, 3rd Battery, Royal Artillery. ' ". I - f I- ' ~~~ I , I ' Insufficient Yes, f re- None , From open- Fromoffi- Aqueduct Sufficient Good and !> | 'S'2 f Bad — quently from i ing of city cers' stables. clear. ง old main ! sewers. Sof ฆ drain. [.. ซ| M 99 .9 . 9. No „ „ „ f 8 1 Indifferent Miss Warton. ป 99 99 99 From offi- „ „ „ 'SJ Bad ccrs' stables. .5 „ „ Yes, especially Yes, from Yes, especially No. „ „ „ ฆjs j( Hospital Orderly. from open latrines out- from outside ฃ drain outside sideward. 20 C. ward. j=j;g 20C. ward. ฆg'S „ : Yes, fre- None From open- From offi- „ " •- „ -? ง * „ — . quently Irom ing of city cers' stables. old main 1 sewers. "Ec^ drain. ฃ g 1 to S- I, 99 „ 99 ? .. II „ g „ — : ;: : : :i : - ;; :i[j \ : 99 99 99 99 ' >• 9> 91 S3 35 I __ ? m 9, .. ฆ " i - j lag " — II 19 99 M • I S,*"* „ Yes, especially Yes, from Yes, especially No ? „ „ Sjซ „ Re-admitted with Cholera. from open j . latrines out- from outside j g^.g An Hospital Orderly, drain outside sideward. 20 C. ward. j >ป2 ฐ ' 20C. ward. I I : 3-|f *" „ Yes, fre- None From open- From offi- ! „ „ „ S „ _ _ quently from j ing of city cers' stables. S-2ป old main j. ' sewers. , S-^5 drain. 19 ป9 j. 99 ' ' 99 ' „ I ป. J tl 9.' " „ Sซฐ 99 " Sis I 91 99 II 91 99 ป || '-i | t ฆ w * Drainage of Lower St, Elmo re-modelled and improved during epidemic whilst barraoka were vacant. 19034. X Taale XXT. Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and — I j — Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. _ 1 Cubic Floor where Feet attacked: Number per "Ground Floor," ฐ Man in ! Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of "Ist Floor," Boom Room at Barracks. Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or where the "2nd Floor." attacked. Timeof Attack. I Yrs. Lower St. Elmo - 100 th Regiment Private P. Carroll 29 . — — 26 Jul y " Rป 18 August Ist Floor 11 716 „ „ „ J. Blotner - 31 25 July ฆ R. 4 August — — ? 1 818 „ J.Ryan - 25 26 „ - R.ll „ — — „ 5 750 „ „ „ W. Elliott - 33 26 ? - X.4 „ — — „ 11 716 „ S. Cunning- 28 27 „ - R- 1 ป "" "" ป 4 816 ham. „ „ „ J. Greeson - 25 27 „ • R- 30 July "" — ป 1 818 „ „ J. Bidermiller 27 — — 27 July - 28 July - 2nd Floor 12 838 Encampment ' out- „ „ J.Neil 33 27 July ฆ R. 4 August — — Ground Floor Tent ,102 side Fort Manoel. „ Lance - Serjeant F. 31 27 „ - R. 16 Sept.- — — „ „ ""102 Bishop. < i „ „ Private A. Achison - 24 .28 „ ฆ R.I August — — „ „ 102 „ „ „ G. Brown - 36 28 „ . R. 1 „ — — ,ป „ 102 Auberge de Baviere „ Serjeant J. Price - 23 28 „ - R. 29 July - — — „ Kitchen 5,100 17 Encampment out- „ Private T. Lowery 26 28 „ - R. 1 August — — „ Tent , 102 side Fort Manoel. „ „ „ M. Meehan - 32 28 „ - R.I „ — — ป „ 102 „ „ Serjeant J. Saunders ฆ 36 28 „ - R. 2 „ — — >, „ 102 Private T. Ferguson - 25 — — 28 July - 31 July - „ „ 102 „ „ „ J. Cummins - 31 28 July - R.I August — — „ „ 102 „ „ W. Hinds - 31 28 „ - R.S „ — — „ „ 102 , A. Swartz - 32 28 „ - R. 8 „ — — „ „ 102 „ „ , T. Sturgers - 25 28 „ - R. 3 „ — — „ „ 102 „ „ Serjeant J.S.McPher- 34 28 „ - R.l „ — — „ „ 102 son. * _, „ „ Private J. Black - 35 28 „ - R. 5 „ — — „ „ 102 „ „ „ J.Davenport 34 — — 30 July - 31 July - „ , 102 „ „ „ J.Nevan - 28 — — 30 „ - 31 „ - „ „ 102 St. Michael's Guard „ „ j. Forrester - 26 — — 30 „ - 31 „ - „ Unknown. Encampment out- n Lance - Corporal J. 26 30 July - R. 9 August — — „ Tent 102 side Fort Manoel. Chisholm. „ Private J. Barker - 32 31 „ - R. 4 „ - - „ „ 102 „ „ G.Lawson - 21 31 „ - R. 5 „ — — „ „ 102 „' W. Groom - 24 31 „ ฆ R. 3 „ — — „ „ 102 „ R.Cobourne- 33 31 „ - R. 3 „ — — „ „ 102 Corporal W. Richard- 24 31 „ - R. 3 „ — — „ „ 102 son. _ Private W.Boyd - 32 31 „ - R. 4 „ - — „ „ 102 Crown Work - „ „ S. Conroy - 86 1 August - R. 4 „ — — ป 14 Married Encampment out- „ „ P. Gorman 29 1 „ ป R. 4 ป "" ป Tent ฆ 102 side Fort Manoel. Private C. York - 32 1 „ - R. 3 „ - - ป „ 102 „ W.Watson - 27 2 „ - R. 5 „ — — „ „ 102 „ J. Conelly - 28 8 „ - R. 4 „ — — „ „ 102 „ E. Wood - 25 — — 3 August - 3 August - „ „ 102 „ „ J. Crampton- 28 3 August - R.S August — — „ „ 102 Crown Works ฆ „ Corporal J. McDonald 26 S ? • R. 9 ป — — ป 7 Married Encampment out- „ " Private J. Symonds ฆ 29 4 „ - R. 8 „ — — ป Tent 102 side Fort Manoel. „ „ J.Thusc - 29 6 „ - R.lO „ - — • „ 102 „ M.Whitely • N S „ - U ป — ~ ป ป 102 Garrison Hospital - „ „ T. Bailey - 25 — — 5 August - R. 17 August „ Ward 3,877 Encampment out- „ Lance - Corporal G. 26 6 August - R. 9 August — — „ Tent 102 side Fort Manoel. Page. , 1 156 APPENDIX TO REPORT Deaths from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General . _ _ _ U OW j ong Sanitary before Condition of lStateof Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Vcutilation: ?jj'roni From Prom Quantity: "Good," had hood "Sufficient," ซ< Drains," From "Filthy other Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: Remakf?.. In " or | "Latrines" Neighbour- derived or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," sufficient." "Gulleys." ' hood." Sources. # sufficient." "Tasted been Lime- "Inbadly." washed. ! different," _ I I 1 " Bad I Insufficient Yes, fre- None From open- From offi- Aqueduct Sufficient Good and 1 ( Bad quently from ing of city cers' stables. clear, old main sewers, drain. jj " " ' 1 ? ป ป >• ป ป I) ป T3 ป Good No No No No Rainfall, „ Fair, rather Good stored in muddy, tank. good taste. w ฆ | - ? H >ป ป ป sป ป ป -a ป . ss e3 c Insufficient From open- „ „ „ Aqueduct „ Good and .3 Indifferent Paymaster's clerk, ing of clear. ™ sewers. 53 Good No v ,i n Rainfall, „ Fair, rather g Good stored in muddy, 3 tank. good taste. :::::: : : | : - „ „ 11 11 ปป ,i >, 11 ป Employed in armourer's ! nป I shop, Lower St. Elmo, -gTs I daily, up to two days I j- ฃ before attack. l| " — ป ป >• .. ป *o ป IN d g| ? — O ? ป >ป ปป ป ป> •• ป• 3 ป ~~*™ " " " I " "~ „ 1, „ ป i> ii i) 11 o ป Employed in armourer's j snop r Lower St. Elmo, S daily, up to date of at.3 tack.. n ป ป ป ป " 9 " — — — Unknown — — — •ง — This man was on guard U when attacked. Good No No No No Rainfall, Sufficient Fair, rather a Good — - stored in muddy, -g tank. good taste. a Sufficient „ ป >• ปป Aqueduct H Good and 20 June „ — clear. Good ? >ฆ ปป ป Rainfall, „ Fair, rather — „ stored in muddy, tank. good taste. Sufficient „ „ ป ป Aqueduct „ Good and 20 June „ clear. Good v ป ! >• ป Rainfall „ Fair, rather — „ stored in muddy, good tank. taste. Insufficient Yes, especially Yes, from Yes, especially „ Aqueduct „ Good and May Bad Hospital Orderly, from open latrines out- from outside clear, drains out- side ward. 20 C ward, side 20 C ward. Good No No No „ Rainfall „ Fair, rather — Good i stored in \ muddy, good tank. I taste. ? Drainage of Lower St. Elmo re-modelled and improved during epidemic whilit barracks were vacant. X 2 157 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 158 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XXI. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths _ . Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. Cubic """ Floor where ! Feet attacked: Number per "Ground Floor," of * Man in Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of "Ist Floor," Room Room at Barracks. Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or where th(j "2nd Floor." attacked. Time of Attack. j j ,____. , , Yrs. ' Encampment out- 100 th Regiment Private J. Brady - 20 i 8 August -iR. 10 August : — — Ground Floor | Tent 102 side Fort Manoel. „ - „ „ P. Doherty - SO — — | 8 August -| 9 August - I „ „ 102 „ „ J. Tracey - 25 ' — — | 9 -j R. 18 August „ „ 102 F.McCormack 28 9 August - R. 11 August; — „ , 102 Lower St. Elmo - „ „ J. Bird - 23 ! "— jlO August - 11 August -j 2nd Floor ! Bavaria 2,106 31 ! • I Encampment out- „ Colour-Serjeant Jno. 29 ilO August -IR. 24 August i — — j Ground Floor Tent 513 side Fort Manoel. Bonet. „ ' Acts. Serjeant W.Cusler 32 |10 „ - R. 14 „ — — ป, ป 513 Crown Work • „ Private S. Conroy - 30 13 „ - R. 18 — — „ M Married Encampment out- „ ! Colour - Serjeant T. 28 14 „ -R. 27 „ — — ป i Tent 613 side Fort Manoel. Casey. „ - „ ! Private W. Elliott - 33 15' „ ฆ R.I Sept, - — — „ „ 102 I I Corporal W. Richard- 24 jl6 „ -R. 19 August — — „ „ 102 i son - . ฆ. Crown Work ฆ „ ! Private W. Geemon - 35 116 : „ - R. 21 „ — — „ 4 Married I Encampment out- „ „ W. Kincade - 27 17 „ • R. 27 „ — — „ Tent 102 side Fort Manoel. „ - „ „ G. Lascelles - 35 jl9 „ -R. 11 Oct. - - „ 102 J.Roddy - 36 120 „ - R. 23 August — . — „ „ 102 Garrison Hospital ฆ „ „ E. Caldwcll - 29 21 „ - R. 30 „ — — 2nd Floor Ward 34 1,908 Encampment out- „ „ D. Jordan - 26 |26 „ - R. 30 „ — — Ground Floor Tent 102 side Fort Manoel. „ - „ O. Collins ฆ 34 j27 ? - j R-! Sept. - — — „ „ 102 „ ป „ Wni. McGrath 23 !27 „ - R. 4 „ - — ~ „ „ 102 Lower St. Elmo „ „ Wm. Calib - 28 '28 'ฆฆ' „ - R.H Oct. - — — „ Military Unknown Prison. Prison. I ' Bnounpment out- „ „ M. Mooney - 29 1 Sept. - R. 9 Sept. - — — „ Tent 102 side Fort Manoel. Serjeant J. Bundy - 24 1 „ - R. 8 „ ~ — „ „ 102 „ ฆ „ Private Wm. Horsack 30 \ 2 „ ฆR. 7 „ — — ป „ 102 „ - „ Serjeant T. Casey - 28 7 „ - R. 18 „ — — „ „ 102 Crown Work ฆ „ Private W. Flanichan 33 22 „ - R. 21 Oct. — — „ 10 Married Encampment out- „ „ E. Bedord - 26 25 „ - R. 2 „ — — „ Tent 102 side Fort Manoel „ ฆ „ „ J. Neill - 33 28 „ - R. 12 „ — — „ „ 102 Lower St. Elmo - „ „ J.Bruce - 34 29 „ - R. 4 „ — — 2ud Floor 13 798 „ O. Cox - I 33 2 October - R. 6 Jan. — — „ 2 692 1866. Pembroke Camp - ? M. Toole 32 3 „ - R. 15 Oct. — — Ground Floor Pembroke Unknown 1865. Camp. Lower St. Elmo - „ „ J. Aitken . 25 11 „ - R. 16 „ — — Ist Floor 8 1,241 „ - „ „ P.Lond - 34 11 „ - R. 27 „ - - - ? 3 876 „ „ D. Gibbs - 20 15 „ - R.lB „ — — ? Band — H.Andrews ฆ 35 16 „ - R. 23 „ ฆ — — „ 12 1,012 „ - „ „ W. Symons - 29 20 „ - R. 27 „ - — — 2nd Floor 5 789 „ J. Cooper - 26 22 „ - R. 30 „ — ~ Ist Floor 12 1,065 „ „ D. O'Neil - 25 25 „ - R. 30 „ — — 2nd Floor 5 789 „ - „ „ J. Smith - 34 29 „ ฆ R. 2 Nov. - — — „ 6 903 „ T.Lyons - 27 29 „ - R.I „ - — — Ist Floor 12 936 m . „ „ J. Webber - 25 — — 3 November R. 8 Nov. • Ground Floor 6 Married 159 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta during the Epidemic of 1866—cofitinued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General ;; — ฆ How long | Sanitary before Condition of State of Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation: • From From From Quantity: "Good," had hood Remarks "Sufficient," "Drainf," From "Filthy fl AVhence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: "In- or ,, Tt . ?' Neighbour- ฐ derived or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," sufficient." ซGulleys." lJairmes< : ilOi 100 d." Sources. sufficient." "Tasted been Lime- "Inbadly." washed. different," "Bad." 1 j Good No No No No Rainfall I Sufficient j Fair, rather - Good stored in I Imuddy, Rood tank. taste. _____ *ซ*! ",. i^^BW^ _*__* j „ flgd-d - _fl_-.t to-gMPgfc-JI ? ฆ tank. taste. „ „ ป ป " " " " Sufficient „ ป ป .< Aqueduct j „ G^_ฃ_* nd ID ' nM r . n .i ? „ Rainfall „ Fair, rather — „ UOOa " stored in .' muddy, good tank. taste. l „ l ป ซ - ป ~ Sufficient _ m ป ป Aqueduct ฆ „ ! Good and 20 June I ClCJil*. r j , „ „ Rainfall „ Fair, rather — ป stored in , muddy, good tank. taste. S-.-.W . Yes Yes „ ' Aqueduct „ Good and May Bad Hospital Orderly. Buiuueuu v I • I i. clear. Good , No No H ; Rainfall I „ Fair, rather — Good " ฐ stored in j muddy, good tank. taste. ฆ; . ฆ. v n „ .„ „ — „ . T TTnknown Yes frc- ฆ „ • From open- From offi- ; Aqueduct „ i Good and ~ Bad unsi i quontly from ! ing of city cers' stables. clear, oil main sewers. Good d No n< , No No ! Rainfall i „ Fair, rather — Good Good JNO " ; stored in : muddy, good tank. ฆ taste. ป Sufficient „ ? ซ ป | Aqueduct „ G<^J_i nd 20June " CnnH <> ป Rainfall „ j Fair, rather — „ — " stored in [ muddy, good tank. taste. Insufficient Yes.fre- „ From open- From offi- ! Aqueduct „ j Good and August - Bad quentiyfroml ing of city cers' stables. ; clear. old main sewers. ) drain. Unknown — — — — This man was at Pembroke — Camp for rifle practice. Tnsuffiripnt Yes fre- I No From open- From offi- Aqueduct Sufficient Good and 'August - Bal quentlyfrom! ing of city cers' stables. clear, old main ' sewers. drain. !ฆ — — " " " " " ป ป " " • Drainage of Lower St. Elmo re-modelled and improved during epidemic whilst barracks were vacant. J. SMITH CHARTERS, Spkgeon, 100 th P.W.R.C. Reoimbmt. X 3 160 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XXI. Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea ' Ch ฐ lera leraappeared. Cubic ' Floor where -? . _*_. N 7;ป 5? "Grouad Floor," M i Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of ซ lrt l_oor,ป Eoom a^^, . o n on? Private Isaac Cautrill 25 13 „ - - ป •ฆฆ „ Samuel Allen 25 - - 13 July - Recovered „ „ 5 807 „ Miles fludgins 26 - - 14 „ -15 July - „ 4 807 Corporal John Tierney 26 13 July - Recovered - - ป „ 9 844 LeftHornwork - . Lance-Corporal J. Law 36 - 16July . 16July - . Hut 10 1,340 Eloriana . . Private Thos. Har- 25 17 July -22 July - - ป 807 Notre Dame Rave- „ T Nicholas Sara 24 16,, - Recovered - - . Hut 3 550 ifiU JohnCarroll- 26 18 „ ฆ „ - - - Boom 3 828 „ JohnEastcott 27 16 „ ฆ „ — - ป ป 8 828 „ Isaac Hadfleld 30 19 „ - „ - - ป ป10 m „ Wm.Abrahart 27 18 „ - „ — - ป> ป 6 m „ Ed.Anson - 25 18 „ - - ป ป S 828 „ Chas.Merrit- 30 ~ 22 July ฆ23 July - „ „ 9 844 „ Ben. Evans - 26 - - 23 „ ฆ23 „ - „ ?5 807 „ John Williams 29 24 July - Recovered — - ป „ 6 . 807 „ Henry Budd- 27 25 „ - - ป Ten * 150 „ Thos. Cameron 27 22 „ - Died of - - Room 4 807 " " cholera. ป James Cave - 26 24 „ - Recovered — — ป ป * mi TohnCooner- 30 - — 25 July ฆ25 July „ ? 4 807 Encampment - „ ป Jonn cooper- oo Thos Bell - 37 - - 25 „ - 25 „ ฆ „ Hut 20 940 LeftHornwork - .. >ป inos. _en oi Samuel Rood 24 - - 25 „ -26 „ - „ Room 2 807 Encampment ฆ ? ป Samuel Jiooa -4 „ Wm. Ginghill 31 22 July - Recovered — - ป ป 7 803 LoftHornwork - .. ซ Wm.Walker- 29 - 26July - Recovered „ Hut 20 940 Encampment - ? - *"- 30 26 July - Recovered - - . Tent 150 „ ThoTcameron 27 - 2 7 July - 28 July - „ „ 150 „ Wm.Bradman 27 27 July - Recovered - - ป n n "ฐ „ Thos. Harm ฆ 25 27 „ - ป "" ป " „ Henry Booker 24 27 „ ฆ .. "" ~ ป " „ Henry Sheen 25 26 „ - .. — ป " Henry Budd- 27 - 27 July - Recovered . „ 150 LeftHornwork ! I . John Carton -| 37 - - 28,, -29 July - . Hut 16 1,340 Encampment - . ป Fk. Sweeney- | 24 27 July - Recovered - „ Tent 150 from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta, during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General _ How long Sanitary before Condition of Stateof Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation: From From From Quantity: "Good," had hood "Sufficient," "Drains," p rom "Filthy other Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: Remabkb. I 1"'I 1 "' „ or "Latrines" Nei B hbour - derived or "In- "Muddy," ฆ Room "Good," sufficient. "Gulleys." hood." Sources. sufficient." "Tasted been Lime- "Inbadly." washed. different," "Bad." Sufficient — — — — CittaVec- Sufficient Good June Indifferent Barracks limewashed in chia. June all over, and frequently since, as high as a man can reach. ป ป ป ป ป ป ป ~* ""*""ฆปป ป ป ป ป ป ฆฆ ป ปป ป ป i) ป ""*""""*ปปป ป ซ ป ป ป ป ป ป I) ' "™ ป ป1 >ป H ป ป • "™" ; ~~ ™" ป> ป> ป ป >ป "ฆ "*" WILLIAM FERGUSON, Assistant Sdegeon, Royal Engineers, i I i Sufficient None None None None Aqueduct Sufficient Good 1 month Bad ป ป ป ป ป ป n n n ป ป ป ซ ซ h ป ป ป ป Good —— M ป ป >• ป ปป ป> ป ป Bad — - ป ป ป ป> . ป ป ป> ป ป ป "- H ป ป ป ป " ป> ปป ป >1 ป ป ป n >ป ป ป si n n ~~~ ป n ป ป ป ป •> ป ป> m n ป ป " >• ป ป ป ป ป ' M >• ป> ป ป ป ป >. 33 days Good . ? ป ปป ป ป ป ป „ 34 days Bad h ป ป >ป ป ป ป ป 33 days Good „ ป ป ป ป ป ป „ 35 days Bad v ป ปป ป ป ป >ป .. 33 days „ n ป ป ป ป> ป ป• ป 36 days „ ป >, i. m ป ป m ป 36 days „ ,ป v ปป m ซ ป n ?35 days „ — „ ป ป. ป ป ป ,ฆ ป 39 days „ — — „ ป. ฆ ป ป ป „ 40 days „ ? ป ป n ป ป ป n 41 days „ — „ >, ป ป ป ป ป , 42 days „ — „ M ป ป ป ป ป 39 days „ „ ป, ป h n ป ป ป 41 days „ -— „ ป ป ป ป ป v „ 42 days Good — „ i, ป ป ป ป it „ 1 month „ — — „ m ป ป ป ป ii „ 42 weeks „ — — „ ป , ป. ป ป ซ• h n 39 days „ ,1 ป ป> ป ป ป ป ป 1 month „ — — ป m ป n ป ป v ป Tent „ -— ป ป ป ป• ป"ปปปป ป ป ซ ป r> >' n ii ป i, ฆ ii ป ป ฆ v " n ป i) ป — — ปฆ>ปปป ป ป ป ป "*~~ ป ป w <• ปปปปซป •^— ป H ป ป ป " ป> ป ป ปi — — v ป ป ป n ป ? „ 1 month „ __ >, ป ป ป ป ปป n ? Tent „ X 4 16l ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXI. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and ; | j Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. . 1 Cubic ~ Floor where Feet attacked: Number per "Ground Floor," of Man in Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of ซ Ist Floor," Room Room at Barracks. Corps. - Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or wl^ re the "2nd Floor." attacked - Time of Attack. Yrs. ' Floriana barrack - 2nd Battalion Private Geo. Percival - 25 25 July - Recovered — — Ground Floor Room 7 803 4th Regiment. Encampment - „ „ Robt. Adams- 24 28 „ — — ? Tent 150 „ „ „ Sam. Fouracre 27 28 „ „ — — .• ป 160 „ „ „ Ben. Roper - 29 — — 29 July - 80 July • „ „ 150 „ „ „ Richd. Dander 25 25 July - Recovered — — mm 150 „ „ >, Geo. Percival - 25 — — 30 July - Recovered >• ,ป 150 „ „ Corporal A. Moore - 25 29 July - Recovered — — ? ป 150 „ ? Private. James Forsyth 23 30 „ ฆ „ — — ป >ป 160 - - „ „ Wm.Dear ฆ 25 31 „ ฆ — — ป ป 160 „ ? „ Geo. Ball - 25 30 „ — — m >? 160 Gozo - ป „ John Sawyer- 27 29 „ - „ — — it ป 150 Floriana, Encamp- „ „ Ed. Brown - 33 — — 1 August - 2 August - ? „ 150 Encampment - ป „ Henry Jones- 25 30 July - : Recovered — — ป ป 150 „ „ „ Geo. Anderson 27 — — 6 August - 7 August - ? >, 150 „ John Wager - 25 0 August - ! Recovered J — — ป ป 160 „ „ „ Cornelius Brown 26 4 M - i „ — — ป ป 1 50 „ „ I Serjeant Wm. Dauby - ' 30 <5 ป - i — ป ป 1 50 ... j „ i Private Win. Hill - SO 5 . „ - „ „ „ 150 - - „ „,. John McCoy -j 27 B•. ป - , ? — ! ป — ป >> 150 „ „ „,. Win. Styles -; 27 8 . „ - j — — „ „ 150 - - „ , „ .John Woods- 28 10 , „ - \ — — ป „ 150 j I I „ „ < „., James Turner 25 9- : ป - j — " — ป ป> 1 50 „ „ „ Robt. .McNeilly 25 7. „ - j ? ? 150 „ . . „ „ I Serjeant Jas. Mclutosh 21 12 „ - | „ — ซ — ป ป 150 M - „ Private James Barnes |3t 9 ป - „ — ป ป 16ฐ „ „ „ John Holt - j 29 11 „ • „ — — ป j .. 150 „ ? „ Robt. MoNellly 25 — — 12 August - ; Recovered j ป j ? 150 „ „ John Murphy 26 12 August - Recovered — — .. I .ป 150 „ „ „ Wm.Chamber.s 21 14 • „ ฆ „ — |• • — „ 4 m 150 „ „ „ Ed. Anson - 26 14 " j 1 — — ป ป 15 0 „ John Halloran .'."6 — — 17 August - ; Recovered „ „ 150 . . j „ „ Geo. Fell - 83 17 August - ; Recovered — — ป <> 150 „ „ „ Ed. Porter - 2-1 17 „ - J „ — — ป .. 150 „ „ „ Ed. Hutchiiis 25 15 •ฆ: .. " 1 „ — — ป ป 150 „ „ „ Alfred Thomp- 24 • — — 19 August -19 August - ? { 150 „ „ „ Ed. Dobbs - 32 19 August - Recovered — — „ „ 150 „ „ „ Thomas Fair- 28 24 „ - „ — — ป ป 150 clough. „ Arthur Law- 27 20 „ „ — — „ „ 150 „ „ „ Danl. Dignam 26 — — 25 August - BC August - „ | „ 150 „ „ „ John O'Brien 26 25 August - Recovered j — — ? | .ป 150 „ „ „ John Cox - 30 26 „ „ — — ป ป 150 „ „ „ John Carroll- 27 26 „ — — ป .. 150 William Dun- 24 27 „ „ — — ป ป 150 combe. „ „ „ Ed. Porter - 24 28 „ — ซ — m .ป 150 „ „ „ Ed. Anson - 26 5 September •. „ — — „ ? 150 „ „ ? ? W r m. Ginghall 32 7 „ „ — — ป ป 150 „ „ „ Edw. Galla- 24 9, s „ „ — — ป 150 . . „ „ ? Win. Brooks- 26 n — — 15 September I - ]wod ,, Sources. rt ™ vcd - , snffieient> , ซ Tasted ' been Lime- ! "Ini badly." • washed. different," "Bad." j Sufficient ' None None None None j Aqueduct Sufficient Good 47 days Bod I ; ; I I j | •> „ ; n „ „ ? Tent Good , ! i j v ? , : : : ': ': :\: \ : ;I : | = : : : : : : ;I ; :! : z I " j I m I I " (j ! i " " " " " i j „ j i | "„ I I I ",, I \ ', I ill ~Z (j " I I )> !> !> „ ป ป ? „ „ „ ' i i iปปMMป „ „ „ „ _. IIJI I , I I B. LANE, Stmo฿OK, 2nd Battalion, 4th Ukgiment, Kino's Own Royals. 19034. V 164 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XXI. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. — - I Cubic — — — ; Floor where Feet attacked: Number per of I "Ground Floor," Man in Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of j ซ lstFloor ป Boom Room at Barracks. Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. j or J here the "2nd Floor." attacked - Time of Attack. , j_ _ | i I Trg I I ฆ Fort Verdala - 84th Regiment i John Turner - 26 ' j — 17 August - Recovered Ground Floor 31 490 I ป George Little - - 31 17 August - Recovered — — ? 82 490 i Edward Brown • 19 18 „ - ? Ist Floor 74 490 I I I Married Quarters, „ i Frederick Latham - ; 30 19 August - Recovered 2nd Floor 81 1,630 "Pol vpi*ist)i Fort Verdala - ? j Walter Dooley -j 24 20 ? -| 20 August - Ist Floor 56 490 j Nicholas Buckley -j 19 21 August - Recovered Ground Floor 21 490 Thomas Brooks - 23 21 „ - „ .. 21 490 John Warrington - 33 22 .. - , Ist Floor 53 490 Aaron Turner- - 26 23 .. - „ Ground Floor 20 490 - „ Denis McCarthy - 30 23 .. - .. Ist Floor 50 490 Thomas Wilson - 24 23 „ - „ Ground Floor 16 490 : John Dodd - -28!25 ? - „ ป 13 490 j I Mark Waddington - 88 26 „ - „ Ist Floor 82 490 Upper Vittoriosa „ | Thomas Margerison - j 21 27 August -J 28 August - | Ground Floor 10 Ward j 1,100 FortTeSla - „ \ John Guest - -j22 27 August - Recovered Ist Floor 82 490 Married. Quarters, „ | Daniel Dempsey -30 j 28 August -j 20 August - 2nd Floor 83 1,630 uSX^'&ttoriosn , I John Buttcworth . M 28 „ -j 30 „ - j Ist Floor 4 Ward | 1,100 Fo^tTcrdala - „ ! Samuel Smith - -25| 30 August - Recovered , Ground Floor 84 490 John Griffiths -I 84 31 August -j 31 August - Ist Floor 56 490 Walter Hogg - - | 32 1 September Recovered „ 54 490 I James Colebornc -j 26 1 „ „ Ground Floor 24 490 Sanatorium, Citta „ I Thomas Baron - 30 2 September; 4 September Citta Vecchia Citta, j Citta , Vonnllin V eCCillcl. i VeCCllld. , Fort Verdala - , John Copeland - 29 I ? ป „ Ist Floor 53 490 . | ? | T homas Howarth -28 - 7 „ | Recovered j Ground Floor j 86 490 „ I Thomas Quinn - 26 8 September Recovered „ 20 490 I William Saxby -j 29 8 „ „ Ist Floor 53 490 „ Aaron Tumor - -i 26 8 „ „ ! Ground Floor 20 490 John Byrne - -24 0 „ „ Ist Floor 1 490 Upper Vittoriosa „ | William Carr ฆ j 30 9 Septemberj Recovered | Ground Floor 10 Ward 1,100 FortTeSla - „ I George Greaves -27 12 „ 1121 12 September Ist Floor 63 490 ] Joseph Croft - 21 12 September Recovered j Ground Floor 86 490 ! Nicholas Buckley - 19 14 „ „ .. 21 490 John Turner - - 22 15 ? „ ? 20 490 I Thomas Driver - 20 16 „ ? 24 490 I Joseph McDonald - | 35 16 „ ? >• 14 490 Henry Wilson- - 25 16 „ ? Ist Floor 72 490 „ Thomas Toole - - 18 18 „ „ >• 72 490 ! Richard Sharpe • 24 18 „ „ •• ฐ6 490 i Spencer Claise -j22 19 „ ? — ป• 5S 490 | Michael Burke -!20 \ — 20 September Recovered j Ground Floor 66 490 I Thomas Scott - 25 j 20 26 September; .. 07 490 „ - „ j Thomas Blakeley - 29 20 September Recovered — — ฆ• 12 490 ! William McNess 23 — 1211 21 September 21 September „ 4 490 Patrick Terling - 20 21 September Recovered ' — Ist Floor 61 490 Edward O'Neil - 21 21 „ „ .• 63 490 John O'Connors - 24 21 „ „ — ป 6( > 490 j William Thompson - I 26 — II September 22 September; ? 53 490 „ I Martin McGuirc - 26 21 September Recovered | — — •• 52 490 „ „ | Jeremiah Orttwloy - 24 21 „ — . „ 1 490 Patrick Dempsey 21 — — 21 September Recovered j Ground Floor 65 490 Upper _ Vittoriosa „ J SamVel Crossle.v - 34 21 September Recovered Ist Floor 66 490 FortฐVerdala - „ i Johu Ifcirton - - 23 21 „ „ Ground Floor 07 490 „ „ I George Banks - - 22 21 „ - ~ - 86 490 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 165 from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta, during the Epidemic of 1860 — continued, HUH I _/it_ru__ iiuu viiuici it niiiuii^ j.j.\j\jfjc3 anj ;ปiiiii;i, uuilllg mo j_^jiu.oiijhj vi i ouu^-tw/iK/KfcUi | ~ ~ " j "* Any Nuisanoe experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General j j~ ; -j— Howlong Sanitary before Condition of stateof Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation^ Prom Prom From Quantity: "Good," had hood "Sufficient," ซ Dra i nS) '- From "Filthy other 'Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: Remarks. " In " or "Latrines" i Neighbour- j derived or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," sufficient.' ซ Gnlleys ., Latimes - ! h00d .,. Sources. d ™ d ' ; Bufflrient ป ซ Tilsted beenLirne . "Inbadly." washed. different," | " Bad." L i _____ ; Insuilicieut i No No No No Rainwater Sufficient | Good h ( Indifferent I ' " " " ป •• " ป " I Sufficient „ „ ? ? v „ „ Good — — Insufficient ? „ „ „ „ „ „ Indifferent "I ป — bo i 4 - — . . • * • . - I I I I I 1",,",, \ I I — Yes Yes Yes Yes „ ? ? fi Bad No No No No „ „ „ Indifferent s Sufficient ! „ „ „ „ „ ? ? Good I I ฆ i Imuffloient . Yes Yes j Yes Yes .. ? „ Bad No No No No „ „ .. Indifferent I Citta Vecchia CittaVecchia Oitta Vccchia CittaVeoohla Citta Citta Citta Citta Citta Citta Vecchia. Vecchia. Vecchia. | Vecchia. Vecchia. Vecchia. | Insufficient No No No No Rain water Sufficient j (4ood h ( Indifferent ; I I j""""I " • " " " Yes Yes Yes Yes ? ? „ B;ul No No No No ? ? „ Indifferent j — — I 00 ", i :, "., i "., : ; ; I ; - J „ „ ? .. , ? „ j — ! : ! " _ " " ป " " " - ! ฃ I Yes ; i ; ; ; ; ; — i"" " j I I I I \II ! "„ "„ i " Z I ij Y2 166 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XXI. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. , j Floor where Feet attacked: Number pep "Ground Floor," \ Man in Name of Patient. Age. I Date of Date of Date of Date oi' "Ist Floor," Room Room at' Barracks. Corps. ! Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or where the "2nd Floor." attacked. Tkuo of Attack. ! ฆ ! I I Yrs" " I ' | Fort Verdala - | 84th Regiment Michael Masterson •j 31 21 September : Recovered , Ground Floor 09 490 I j I - ! „ Patrick Dwyer - 21 21 „ „ „ Oil 490 John Margerson -88 21 „ „ „ 12 j 490 Ferdin. Mould - - 24 22 „ „ „ 11 490 Sanatorium Citfca „ Henry Skelton • 19 — — i 22 September 25 September! Citta Tecchia Citta Citta Vecchia. | Vccchia. ' Vecchla. Fort Verdala - ? Jose; ;h Gould - • 24 24 September Recovered \ Ground Floor \ 31 4PO ! '' I i , | Thomas Findley -i 24 | 24 „ „ . — „ 31 480 • ? William McGuire -21 21 „ „ Ist Floor 50 490 i 1 I I i Upper Vittoriosa „ j Samuel Crosslev - 34 , i 25 September! 20 Septembei , ? 1 ward 1,100 Hospital. Pembroke Camp - ; .. Edward Batley - ! 23 |25 September Recovered Ground Floor jPembrokej 630 ! Camp. ! j Fort Verdala - „ Matthew Donnelly - 27 |2G „ „ Ist Floor' i 84 400 Pembroke Camp - j ? George Graham - 29 27 „ „ Ground Floor Pembroke 030 Camp. Fort Verdala - j „ | Abraham Pilling - 37 27 „ „ Ist Floor 73 490 Alfred Wood - - I 21 27 .. „ ? 92 490 - ? I William Townsend - 25 27 September] Recovered Ground Floor 15 490 - ! „ William Saxby - 29 27 September: Recovered j Ist Floor 53 490 „ William Vnim - 19 27 „ „ ? s>.i 490 - ! j Michael Costello - : 24 28 ? „ „ 50 490 I William Fitzgerald - 22 28 „ „ „ 91 490 - | ? ; Denis McCarthy ( - 30 1 October - „ 50 490 . j „ j William Poison -19 1 „ „ „ 03 490 I Pembroke Camp - .. Joseph McDonald •j 85 14 „ „ ฆ Ground Floor Pembroke 030 ! Camp. - —-- j" ' ' | I ~~' '" I I - St. Francesco di Ist Battalion ! Private Richd. Hobson |20j 23 July - Recovered — G round Floor | 1 048 Poalo. 22nd Regiment St. John's Curtain - „ „ Thomas Ross 38 — 20 July - 29 July - „ 199 235 ! ! ; I St. Francesco di i .. „ Hy. McArdle \ 20 — - S August - Recovered „ 2 748 Poalo. Isola Gate - - ! .. „ Jolm Collins - j 43 8 August - Recovered — Ist Floor 4 707 Polverista Gate - ? : Colour-Serjeant Win. 81 9 August - Recovered Ground Floor 10 j 3,762 Kay. Isola Gate • • „ Private Richard Rolfe 31 :11 August - Recovered - - ? 9 and 10 925 „ - ? „ Henry Petty - 28 ฆ -- 12 August - Recovered „ 12 1,104 „ - „ Saml. Cooper 29 12 August - Recovered — — ? 12 1,104 St. John's Curtain • ? „ Robert Sitton ; 39 li August - 16 August - ? 207 291 Polverista Gate -' ? ? Geo. Roberts 21 15 August - Recovered „ 11 752 William May 25 10 „ - „ — „ 1 752 I ; || - j „ „ Thomas Hay- I 33 j — — 17 August - 19 August - ! ? Left 911 wood. Casemate Polverista Lower Vittoriosa „ ? Thos. Hayes - ฆ 39 : — — 17 .. - 17 „ - 2nd Floor 1 4,290 Hospital. Polverista Gate ซ ? „ Danl. Harding 30 il7 August - Recovered Ground Floor 19 752 j ! Officers' Quarters, j „ ! Quarter-Master Wai- i 42 18 August - 19 August - ? 4 7,610 Isola Gate. ter Jones. Polverista Gate • i ? Private Wm. Holland 28 18 August - Recovered — ?1 7'>2 Isola Gate - - ? „ Wm. Jackson j81; 19 „ - „ ? 12 1,104 St. Francesco di ? ? Hy. Harbury | 29 i 20 August - SO August - „ 10 1,170 Poalo. St. John's Curtain - ? „ James Dooge | 29 20 August - Recovered \ „ 179 291 Polverista Gate • ? ? James Vane - 28 20 „ - „ ..11 752 „ - „ „ Patrick Hy- 29 21 „ - j Right 941 land. : Casemate 'Polverista St. Francesco di „ „ James Robin- 29 23 „ - I „ .. 2 728 Poalo. son. Polverista Gate - „ „ Thomas Bates j32 25 „ - ? ? 2 752 fsolaGate • „ Saml. Cooper 29 26 „ - „ •• j 12 1,164 „ - „ „ Michael Mas- 27 ! — — 1 Sept. - 1 Sept. - „ 11 1,082 terson. Polverista Gate - ? „ Geo. Bartlett 27 ! 2 Sept. • Recovered — — i R%ht 911 Cnseinato 1 1'olverista ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 167 from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta, during the Epidemic of 1860 — continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. "Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General . How long Sanitary before Condition of State of Quality : the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation^ From Prom ; prom Quantity: "Good," had hood l'• Sufficient," "Drains," From "Filthy j Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected |of Quarter : REMABKB. or "T0f,.;,^." Neighbour- , . , or "In- "Muddy," Room i "Good," anfflpfent" .Latrines. ฐ Somvos l derived. ฆ' sufficient. "Gulleys." hood." ปฐuices. sufficient." "Tasted been Lime- \ "Inbadly." washed. different," _[_ j "Bad." I I I I ~ |~~ ; : Insufficient I Yes No No , No Rainwater Sufficient 1 Good 1 t\ [udifferent Citta Vm-hia j Citta .Vecchia Citta Vecchia iGitta Vecchia Citta Veechia ? ? .. CittaYeechia Inawfflcbnt No No No No ? ป ? Indifferent i — 1 ? ฆ ฆ , ? I .. _ jป•>, " " 3 " Yes Yes Yes Yes „ „ ? S Bad Sufficient i No No No No „ „ „ Good Insufficient „ „ „ „ ? „ ? ซซj Indifl'erent Sufficient „ .. „ „ ? „ ? Good - — [tisufflcient „ •• „ „ „ „ „ i Indifferent — ฆ I „ ? .. ?. „ — 1 „ I " " " 'ฆ ฆ• " j I i Good I J J { P. J. CLARKE, Surgeon, 84th Reoimbst. I "~ " j "" "" "I . I ฆ [usufflcient 1 Aqueduct & i Sufficient i Goad 3 months ' Bad ! rain water. I ป — 1 „ ? „ „ Good 1 „ „ .. I 4 uionths Bad | Sufficient — 1 ? .. „ ? Good ' insufficient — 1 — n „ „ j} a( i 1 | •> .. ป ?. ? — - " - 1 1 - - I "„ ' tO ฐ C " — i ฆ i ; : i Sufficient — 1 ...... 1 month Bad Insufficient --• — ? .. .. i months j Good Safflcient — • — l — „ ? ? ? Had i Insufficient — — .. .. .. (; O od i 1 ••„ฆ"ป. j H:ul 1 ! J ~ 1 — „ ? . „ Bad 1 - „ „ ป Good — — 1 ป „ ? ? Bad i — — 1 — Y3 168 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XXI. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. ft PP eared - — - Cubic . Floor where p . .ป** >ฆ-ป• 7 "Ground Floor," M . Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of ซi s t Floor" Room „ \ 1 xvh pro Room at Barracks. Corp*. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or J n the "2nd Floor." attacked " Timeof Attack. ! L_ . _. . ' Yrs St. Francesco
  • • ~ — " Hut 2 62t5 Henry Bond - - 21 22 „ ; Joseph Bevington - : 23 22 | — — " " 62e | John Jones - -2124 „ - , - | Roomll m Pembroke dump - „ j John Kane * -j2l 24 „ - „ - 16 Fort Rioasoll - l .. Michael White -j 26 25 „ „ " 45 -I „ William Yickery -j 19 26* „ — Moses Kelly - -I 31 27 „ - ป, - - " 6 626 John Davis - - 88 28 „ - ป " 5 Samuel Ridcout - 25 28 „ Pembroke damp - ; ป I Jฐ hn Fearn - | 20 28 „ 8 630 „ \ George Weaver -20 31 ? - ป \ Robert McHale ฆI 10 1 August - „ Joseph Dnnkley 26 2 „ •> " Henry Elner - 25 2 „ — ป . 630 Fort Rioasoli - ป Joseph Robin sou •j 23 8 „ • ฆ .ป Pembroke Camp - \ .. James Clatwortliy -82 3 „ - ? Joseph Brut >: i - 28 4 ? - ป jJohnJarvis - -I 35 August - s August -, „ ™ I William Briggo .10 *„•ซซ•ป 12 630 John Norton - - I 24 5 August - Recovered - — John Brindkw ฆ 20 1 ป • v . | „ John Andrews -i 25 9 „ - ป ' James Murray 29 9 ป • ป _ " „ Thomas McCale ฆ 22 10 ? • ป ... " L _ _ „ 8 630 „ - ? Charles Mayors - 2a 9 „ - ป Fort Rioasoli - ? Henry Clare - ฆ 19 10 „ - 169 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta, during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General ~ ;—"; — " How long Sanitary before [Condition of I r Stateof ! Quality: the Attack ฆ Neighbour- \ Ventilation^ From From From Quantity: j "Good," hud hood "Sufficient," .< DrainSj ป Prom "Filthy other Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: Remarks. " In " or "Latrines" Neighbour- derived or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," sufficient. "Gulleys." hood." j Sourqps. • sufflcient .ป "Tasted been Lime- "Inbadly." washed. different," | . | "Bad." Insufficient — — 1 — Aqueduct & Sufficient Good ! 4 months j Bad I rain water. ป _ — i — n it n ; - months i „ m __ __ ! _ ' h „ h | (j v Sufficient — — 1 j „ „ _ months „ Insufficient — — 1 „ „ „ fl months I „ m _ _ j __. — 1 — ? .- „ ? Good — ป — — 1 ? .. „ „ Bad A. L. ADAMS, Surgeon, Ist Battalion, 22nd Regiment. Insufficient No No No No j Rainwater Sufficient Good ! o months ! Good — — ; from tanks. Sufficient „ „ „ ? ? „ „ , ( v Insufficient ป ป ? .. .. „ „ ? „ n i „ | „ .. ? „ „ ฆ " Sufficient : „ „ ป ? ? „ „ „ Insufficient „ „ „ „ .. „ ? „ „ I i _ l I "„ ".. I !.' j „ [ — Sufficient „ ? „ ? .. „ „ „ ? Insufficient „ „ ? „ „ „ ? .. v „ „ „ „ ) „ () ' Sufficient „ ? „ ? „ „ „ „ M ป i> ป i! ป .ป „ „ 2 weeks ? ; Insufficient „ „ ? ? „ „ „ Sufficient „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ (1 — — I " " " i " " ป - ' ป ป ป " ปป ป> ji >i „ „ i " " " " " " ปi >i v v -— — — I Insufficient „ „ „ „ „ n Y4 170 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XXI. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths i "" ' ~ ~~ "~j Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrlitea. Cholera. appeared. „ . . Cubic Floor where ' ซ„_,. attacked: Number Jf "Ground Floor," of Mfl ,, • , Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of ซiซ+pw,.ป Room Jun " m istiuoor, Room lit Barracks. Corps. . Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or wneie t] . ซ gvwl l7l^.,, ป attacked, i r 2nd Floor. Time of Attack. 1 | I _. - Yrs. Vittoriosa Hospital ฃ9th Foot Patrick O'Connor - 22 ! 11 August - 12 August - Ist Floor 6 1,100 Fort Ricasoli • ? John Walsh - -j26 ! 12 August - | Recovered — Ground Floor j 5 626 Joseph Eaton - j 25 '13 „ — „ 13 626 Michael Whittaker - 24 13 „ - i „ „ 12 626 William Ray - - 30 !13 „ - ? „ ' Hut 1 626 I I John Marshall - 34 — 15 August • Recovered „ Room 12 626 j Pembroke Cdvop - „ James Courd - - 23 15 August - j Recovered — — „ 2 630 Michael Boyle - 22 15 ? - I - ?12 CSO Fort Ricasoli - : „ Thomas Simmons - 21 15 „ - , ? — ป 8 626 Henry Bond - j 24 jl6 „ - ฆ „ ; Hut 2 626 ! Pembroke Camp - i „ Thomas Jones - 20 jl7 „ • . „ — ? I Room 6 630 V ittoriosa Hospital j „ Thomas Sturgess -28 j — 117 August -20 August - Ist Floor 6 1,100 Fort Rioaaoli - j ? Richard Nettleton - 33 | 20 „ -; 20 „ - Ground Floor 8 626 ! I I I Pembroke Caniji - I „ William Fox - - j 18 20 August - Recovered — — ? 1 630 Thomas Cowan -; 20 20 „ - „ „ 11 630 Pembroke Camp . „ Robert McMahon - I 24 I 121 August - 22 August - „ Ward 1 1,165 (Forest Hospital). Pembroke Camp • „ John Murray - -| 24 23 August -j Recovered „ Room 2 630 John Whittingham -j 19 25 ? - „ ป 1 630 Fort Ricasoli •- : ? James Williams -| 24 25 — „ 13 ' 626 James Bowen - 24 —20 August - 28 August - „ 6 656 I I ! John Aspinall .26 31 August - Recovered j „ 12 626 Pembroke Camp - „ Henry Glover - ; 22 —I September 1 September ? 2 630 JohnVickery- .180 I i 1 ? 10 „ „ 1 630 Zabbar Gate - „ William Dobson -j 23 1 September Recovered — — ? 2 6CO Pembroke Camp • „ Stephen Rigby 18 i 2 „ — ป 3 630 - ! „ Thomas MeCabe - 22 ฆ 3 September 4 September! „ 4 CSO William Matthews -26 j j 4 „ Recovered j 2 630 Thomas Whclan - 40 ! 4 September Recovered ! — — ป Hut 2 630 „ - i „ John Murray • .21 — - — 5 September 5 September „ Room 2 630 Fort Ricasoli „ jj o hn Cochrane - 24 ฐ September Recovered — ? 5 626 Pembroke Cam;) - „ John Piper - . 24 8 „ ? — — ป 16 630 Pembroke Camp I „ William Frost - 28 10 September 10 September „ Ward 1 1,165 (Forest Hospital). - i ? Michael McNamara - 33 1ฃ September Recovered — ป Room 11 630 Daniel Murphy - 24 12 ? „ ป 2 630 Robert Chapman - 21 13 „ „ ? S 630 Fort Ricasoli - „ William Smith - 23 15 „ „ ? 6 626 Thomas Cook - - 23 22 „ ? ? 5 626 Michael Learcy - 29 22 „ „ ซ 626 Thomas Cowan 22 22 „ ? „ ซ 626 Zabbar Gate- .., Jeremiah Sullivan -21 22 „ ? ป j 6 650 JohnSlade - - 24 23 „ ! „ | 1 C5O Fort Ricasoli ฆ j „ Michael Murray - 32 23 „ ? — ป 0 frlG „ „ Thomas Carr . . 88 24 „ ป "I HU * * 62C William Lockhart - 21 25 , „ ป Room 6 626 John Dawson - - 23 25 ? ? ป 626 Stephen O'Donnell - 30 25 „ ? „ Room 6 626 „ „ Thomas Bowler - 21 27 „ ? - ป ! Hut 4 620 Zabbar Gate- - „ William Hurst - 23 ! 2 October- — — .ป 5 650 M ? Thomas Neal - 28 ! 2 ? >, — — „ 1 650 >t „ Henry Phillips 19 2 >• ป 3 650 Fort Ricasoli - ? Edward O'Hagaa - 24 4 ? ป ป 6 626 Robert Wills - 22 5 ? •• 7 626 i Salvat ire - „ Henry Clarke - 24 7 .. — „ I 1 640 : ฆ i i iฆฆ 1 t 1/1 from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta, during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General — How long Sanitary before Condition of Stateof Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation From -p rom prom Quantity: "Good," had hood "Sufficient," ซD ralnS) ป From "Filthy other Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: Remarks. "In- or "Latrines" Neighbour- derived or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," sufficient. "Gulleys." hood." Sources. sufficient." "Tasted been Lime- "Inbadly." washed. different," "Bad." Insufficient Yes Yes Yes Yes Rain water Sufficient Good 2 weeks Bad from tanks. „ No No No No „ „ „ „ Good M ป ป ป ป , ' ป ปป II i> II ป* ป ป II ป IJ ป !> I) II ฆ 'ป ? )> ป n i) ป 11 ป ป ป jป ~*~~ Sufficient „ „ ? ? ฆ> ป ป. 3 weeks „ m >ป ป >• ป ป ป ป ป ป "i — Insufficient „ „ „ „ ? „ „ „ „ Sufficient „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ Insufficient Yes Yes Yes Yes „ „ „ „ Bad -,—, — „ No No No No >, „ „ „ Good v ปป ป >ป ป ป ป . „ I 1 month „ JJ .) ป f " .. ' , „ ป M ). ), U ป •' 11 •> v ป ป 11 l> Sufficient „ ป „ „ „ „ „ „ „ U „ ป ? II „ II ii ii II t, ii ii ii ii ii ii ป 5 weeks „ Insufficient „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ Sufficient „ „ ? ? ? „ „ „ „ i, i, ii ,i ii ii ป i> C weeks „ ), 11 ป 51 ป. .. ,1 .1 „ 11 Insufficient ? ป „ „ „ „ t >ฆ „ ;> " ti ป .1 ป n ii I. .ป 2 days „ I „ „ ? „ .. >. ? .. 2 „ Sufficient „ „ „ ? .. „ ป 2 „ „ )l 11 11 I) !> ป !• ป 2 „ i, Insufficient „ ป „ „ ? „ „ 3 „ „ ti n ii ii ป ป ?n 4 „ „ m ป ii ii ii ii ii h 5 j, „ „ „ ? ? „ .> ? ? 5 „ „ Sufficient „ „ „ „ .ฆ „ „ 5 ? „ " ซ ? .. .. i, .. ,1 „ I 5 „ ? Insufficient „ ? M „ „ „ „ v „ „ : M ii ป ป ป .. „ „ 15 „ „ Sufficient „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 15 „ „ 19034. Z ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXl.— Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Oases and Deaths Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. . _ — Cubio i — Floor where Feet "Ground Floor," Man jn Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of ซ lst Floor," Room Room at Barracks. Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or J^ c the "2nd Floor." attacked. Time of Attack. Fort฿icasoli - 29th Foot Frederick ฿etteridge - 25* 7 October Recovered - - Ground Floor 5 620 ZabbarGate- - ? Alfred Hewett - 24 7 „ ป ~ - ป 5 iCSO Fort฿icasoli - f Samuel Rideout - 26 8 „ ป * ป „ v ป William Gibbs - 28 9 „ ป ~ ~ •ป 13 „ . . „ William Blake - 30 1 „ „ - ~ lstFloor 6 " 626 „ . - ป Joseph King . - 24 12 „ „ - - Ground Floor ZabbarGate* • .. William Lowdin - 24 12 „ „ r „ John Norton - 24 15 „ „ - Fort฿icasoli - >. John Wilkinson - 32 18 „ ป _ , T . on io — .. — „ Room 5 '(650 ZabbarGate* - ป John Lambert - 20 18 „ ป Fort฿icasoli - ป Thomas Ward- - 20 20 „ . . „ John Jones - - 20 21 „ „ - ~ lst Floor *™™ 7 62G ZabbarGate. - „ James Courd - - 23 - - 23 October -28 October - Ground Floor 4 ,650 Fort฿icasoli - „ Jeremiah Sullivan - 22 23 October- Recovered - - n „ Michael Winn- ฆ 38 25 „ „ - ป " ซ . John Davis -29 - - 27 October- 28 October- „ 620 ZabbarGate- - „ JohnHoumas- - 20 29 October- Recovered - - Fort฿icasoli - „ Alfred Stokes - - 28 30 „ „ - ?12 r . „ Francis Ailes • - 25 - - 30 October- 30 October- „ 61 ,626 •i Pembroke Camp - 2nd Battalion Private Richard Lissell 26 1 July - - - Ground Floor 630 Bth Regiment. Michael฿utler 27 2 „ - - ~ ป 6 .ซ> v ป " „ William Flynn 32 6 ? - — ~ ป 630 „ Thomas Herod 24 5 „ - - ~ „ Edward Harris 29 7 „ - ~ - ป FortManoel ฆ „ Dr. John Moore - 19 7 „ - Pembroke Camp - „ Private Thos. Knowles 38 9 „ Serjeant Israel Chard 31 9 „ - - - Corporal John Brown 25 9 „ - - ~ ป „ Private Wm.Compton 26 *9 „ — — ป PBOP 80 „ -rr i r.. ao in — — — jป Lodgings Unknown FortManoel - ป ป Sam. Hutchins 42 10 „ - " B ป Pembroke Camp - ซ ป John฿yers - 28 U ? " FortManoel - ? ป Thomas Casey 26 14 „ Pembroke Camp ฆ ? ป John Kelly- 26 14 „ „ Benj. Brown- 25 16 „ - - ~ ป 4 .P „ Michael Me 23 16 „ - ~ ~ ป 12 • : fl8 ฐ Carthy. i 545 FortManoel - n H John Daley - 24 20 „ Pembroke Camp - ป ป. Wnu฿raddish 26 28 „ „ James Ballard 26 - 27 J^ - 27 July - „ 1 630 FortManoel - ป ป Samuel Dunn M 29 July - - - ป 1 „ „ Fred. Louis • SO SI ป - ~ — *> 12 .983. 983 Pembroke Camp - ป ป John Murphy 80 31 „ - - - „ „ Dnl. McMillan 26 31 ? - ~ ~ ป C3O „ Tim. Omearn 29 1 August - - - - ป 630 „ Dan. McMillan 86 - 6 August - 6 August - „ 2 .630 GarriL Hospital - . „ JamesEades- 26 - - 7 „ 7 „ istFloor 31 2500 C* lbro keCamp - - , Wm. Darners 28 10 August - - ~.. - Ground Floor 4 .630 „ Edw.Wooley 24 11 „ - - , ~ ป• w Anthony Smith 27 13 „ A 1 ฑ „ 2 630 APPENDIX TO REPORT from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta, during the Epidemic of 1865— continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General ; is 1 — How long Sanitary before Condition of State of Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation : Prom From From Quantity : " Good," had hood "Sufficient," "Drains," From "Filthy ? "Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter; " In " or ' "Latrines" Neighbour- ฐ d rived< or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," sufficient." ซGulleys." Latnnes> hood .ป Sources. denvea - sufficient." "Tasted been Lime- "Inbadly." washed. different," "Bad." Insufficient No No No No Rain water Sufficient Good 17 days Good from tanks. ; Sufficient „ ฆ ? „ „ ป ป " 17 " " i Insufficient „ ป ป ? ป ป " 18 " • ป ป < ป ' ii n ป ป '' " •• „ „ 20 „ „ < ป ป ป ป ป 22 " •' Sufficient „ ? ' „ ป ป ป ป 22 * „.1M„ซป- " 22 ป " — ; Insufficient : , ฆ? „ ' „ ? „ ป ป lmonth ป Sufficient '- „ ป ป >ป ป> ป " 1 " " Insufficient „ I ป ป ป ป> ป " L " " Sufficient „ ป ป ปป ป ป ป x ป ป i Insufficient „ ป ป ป >. ป " * " ป• <ฆ x . ,_ i 1 Sufficient „ i ป ป .ป ป >ป ป x " " Insufficient „ i ป ป ? .. ป >• 6 weeks „ " 1 " i - " " E. MOREHEAD, Surgeon-Major, 29th Regimkm-. I ~~ Sufficient No Occasionally "j f No Tanks Sufficient Good 2 months Good „ „ Occasion- „ „ ป .> ป ป ally from „ „ ป > uncovered -i „ „ ป ป ป ป rear in „ ป ' ป neigh- „ •ฆ „ ป ป ป bourhood. No : „ „ ป 6 months „ J Occasion- 1 „ „ ป 1 ally from „ ป ป ป ป ป [uncovered I „ H I rear in ] „ „ ? ป ป ป neigh„ M ' I bourhood. „ „ „ >• ป ป No No House close „ „ ป. Not known „ towateredge. . t ? Occasionally — ' No „ „ ป 2 months „ No No „ v ป Bad taste 6 months „ Occasionally "| Occasion- C „ ป „ Good 2 months „ - — j ally from „ ' {uncovered]' „ ? „ ป >> n "—" — [ rear in | „ „ ii neigh- „ „ „ >, ป ป J bourhood. L. Before clean- None " „ ป .. Bad taste 6 months „ ing in morning. _ ", ' ".. Occasionally "1 Occasion- f „ ป Good j 2 mouths „ " 1 ally from f „ „ I uncovered I „ ป ป ป ป ป " f rear in T J bourhood. I _ ' , „ ? Before clean- None „ ป, ป Bad taste 6 months „ m ing in morning. -. Occasionally „ " „ ' .. ? .. 6 months „ ซ ! " 1 f * >i ป ป Good 2 months „ ฆ Occasion„ ally from „ ป ป ป ป ป [uncovered) „ „ f rear in \" „ ป ป. ป 8 months „ " — neigh„ „ 1 bourhood. r „ ป ป ป ป >> „ ฆ „ None " None *" „ .. j ' ? „ lmonth „ • J — „ Occasionally" T Occasion- f ' „ „ ' „ ป 3 months „ ally from „ > „ ' I uncovered I „ ป ป ? ป" ป f rearm 1 . ฆ __ neigh- „ ii ? „ i ป iii J bourhood. L rr ซป /1/ 1 i' 1/3 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXI. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. . _ Cubic Floor where Feet attacked: Number pen „_,. "Ground Floor," of Man in Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of „ lgt FloQr „ Room j^^ at Barracks. Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or where the "2nd Floor." attacked. Time of Yrs I Fort Manoel - 2nd Battalion Private George Russ - 27 16 August — — — Ground Floor 1 545 Bth Regiment. Pembroke Camp - „ „ Rody Kelly 25 20 „ — — — „ 4 630 ป - ป „ Edw. Molloy- 27 25 „ — -" — „ 4 630 ป - .. „ Andrew Bright 24 80 „ — — — „ 1 630 ป • .ป „ Step. Kennedy 25 30 „ — — — ป 3 630 ป • ป „ John Higgins 42 1 September — — — „ 1 630 ป >• „ Denis Donovan 26 2 „ — — — „ 4 630 .i • v „ Thomas Gillis 26 5 „ . — — — „ 8 630 ป. - ป „ Thomas Britt 26 10 „ — — — „ 2 630 Forest Hospital - „ „ John Murphy 25 — — 11 September 11 September „ — 800 Pembroke Camp - „ „ Charles Evans 28 11 September — — — „ 5 630 „ - „ „ Michael Glee- 27 8 October — — — „ 1 630 son. Fort Manoel - „ „ Tliomas Gillis 26 10 „ — — — „ 1 545 Pembroke Camp • „ „ Joseph Gastin 25 — ~ 9 September 9 September „ 1 630 Fort Manoel - „ „ Michael Nash 27 11 October - — — — „ 16 728 Pembroke Camp - „ „ Patrick Healey 32 13 „ — — — v 12 630 ป - ป „ JohnMcCarthy 25 16 „ — •— — „ 4 630 v - v „ Patrick Robin- 30 — — 20 October — „ 3 630 son. „ - ป „ Thomas Mo 26 26 October — — — „ 1 630 Carthy. Fort Lascaris - Royal Malta Gunner J. Fammit 39 7 July - Recovered — — 2nd Floor 3 598 FencibleArtillery. „ - „ „ L.Pella ฆ 87 10 „ • „ — — „ 7 822 „ - „ Bombardier P. Mandi 28 11 „ - „ — — Ist Floor 16 407 Couvre Porte - „ Gunner S. Fenech • 25 13 „ „ — — Ground Floor 4 714 „ - „ „ P. Cassar 25 14 „ - „ — — „ 9 659 Fort Lascaris - „ „ P. Pella - 18 19 „ „ — — 2nd Floor 18 873 Sanf Elena - „ G. Borg - 17 20 „ - „ — — Ground Floor — 500 Fort Lascaris - „ „ G. Pella • 19 22 „ ~ — Ist Floor 16 407 Couvre Porte • ? „ P. Camana 24 — — 22 July - Recovered Ground Floor 2 600 Sanf Elena „ „ M. Pella 23 24 July - Recovered — — ? — 500 Fort Lascaris - „ ป F. Dannanin 32 24 „ - „ — • — 2nd Floor 6 698 Sanf Elena „ ป M. A. Sultana 20 25 „ - „ — — Ground Floor — 600 Fort Lascaris ฆ „ .. Louis Avallo 49 25 „ - „ — — 2nd Floor 10 703 „ - „ „ P. Schembri 33 26 „ - „ — — „ 6 598 Sanf Elena „ ป G. Debour 24 27 „ ? — — Ground Floor — 500 „ - „ „ L. Bellizri - 15 2 August „ — — „ — 600 Fort Lascaris - ? „ F. Galea 18 2 „ - „ — — Ist Floor 14 407 Couvre Porte - ป Trumpeter C. Del- 43 3 „ - ป — — „ 8 589 fonso. Fort Lascaris - ป Gunner G. Guch 45 7 „ - ป — — 2nd Floor 10 703 „ G.Agius - 19 7 „ • „ - - „ 14 407 „ - „ „ P. Schembri 33 11 „ - ป — — „ 5 598 „ - „ „ Ant. Borg . 18 13 „ - ป — — „ 4 508 „ • „ „ Ant. Borg - 18 — — 14 August - Recovered ,> 4 698 „ . „ „ E. Erniquez- 24 14 August - Recovered — — ?10 703 „ - „ ? L. Attard 26 16 „ • ป — — .. 10 703 Sanf Elena - „ Serjeant A. Camilleri 40 17 ป • ป — — Ground Floor — 500 Fort Lascaris - ป Gunner G. Pisani 24 18 „ ป — — Ist Floor 15 407 „ A. Barbara - 63 — — 20 August • 20 August „ 12 609 „ „ G. Pace ฆ 46 21 August • Recovered — — 2nd Floor 2 698 1 74 APPENDIX TO REPORT from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta, during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General How long Sanitary before Condition of St ? teof Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation: prom From Ffom Qnantity: "Good," had hood "Sufficient," ซ Drains> ป F rom "Filthy other Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: BEMABKB. " In - or "Latrines." Neighbour- or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," sufficient." ,< Gulleys ... h00d ... Sources. de ™ed. |uffldent ,, ซ, Tasted been Lim e. ซ In . badly." washed. different," "Bad." Sufficient No Occasionally No None Tanks . Sufficient i Bad taste 6 months Good — ป ป ป C H ป ป Good 3 months „ — — ปป ป ป ป . ป i> >ป ป w ปป ป •ป -. ป ป ป ป h ป Occasionซ h ป ally from „ „ „ „ „ „ > uncovered < h ? .. rear in „ „ „ „ 4 months B • — — • neighit ป ป bourhood. „ „ „ „ „ „ —ฆ — ป i> ป ป i) .ป ป i> ป U lป ป J V. || „ || „ ,) ป n ii None None „ „ „ „ 6 months „ — - m „ Occasionally rOccasion-"1 „ „ „ „ 4 months ? — — ally from H n ป i rear in > „ „ „ „ „ „ neigh- Lbourhood.J ป ? h None „ „ „ Bad taste 6 months „ it H ป C From rear ฆ) „ „ „ Good 4 months „ •< in neigh- > (.bourhood. ) m ป ป None „ „ „ Bad taste 6 months „ — — n n i< ji f ii n ป Good 5 months ป — — ( Occasion- I ally from „ „ „ „ „ „ I l uncoveredl neigh- I v ป iป bourhood. „ „ „ „ „ „ JOHN MADDEN, Surgeon, 2nd Battalion, Bth (The King's) Regiment. Sufficient _—.—.— Aqueduct & Sufficient Good 1 month Good — -ฆ ฆ ! rain water. ป> ป ป ป ป ป Insufficient — . — — — ป ป ป ป ฆ, "~~* Sufficient — — — — „ „ „ „ „ — n ป )> n ป i> i, 1 — 1 — ป ป ป ? Bad Insufficient — — — — ? „ „ „ Good Sufficient — " — ฆ — ป „ ป „ ป c 1 — 1 - „ Bad n — — — ป ป ? ii Good — — „ 1 -> 1 — „ „ „ „ Bad ป — — -" ~ ป i. ii it Good „ 1 — 1 — ป ป „ ,ป Bad „ — — — ป ป , ป 2 months „ — — Insufficient — — — ป ป „ ป Good Sufficient — — • — ป ป ป ป ? j, ป ป ป ป i> — — Insufficient -~ — — ป ป ป ป • , „ Sufficient — — — — hi.,!,, „ — — ป ~* ป ป H ii ii ~"™" ป "" ป ป ป ฆ> ii —— li "~ ป ป n n ii — ?1 — 1 •> ป i> n Bad — — Insufficient — — — — ป ? „ „ Good — ii ~~ ป n n >ป iป "^"~ Z 3 175 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXI. Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. Floor where Feet attacked: Number per "Ground Floor," ฐ Man in Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of ซi Bt Floor," Eoom Room :it Barracks. Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or where tho Yrs. | Sant' Elena . - Royal Malta Fen- Gunner G. Deplin - 25 22 August - Recovered — — Ground Floor — SCO cible Artillery. FortLascaris - „ ? „ C. Xuereb - 23 26 „ - „ — — Ist Floor 15 407 Sant' Elena- - „,, „ F. Montebello 34 80 „ „ — — Ground Floor — | "600 ? - - - „ „ Serjeant G. Pella - 37 1 Sept. - „ — — 3rd Floor None Not known, i Fort Lascaris - „ „ Gunner, G. Agins - 23 1 ป - ป H <+i Ist Floor 18 873 „ v „ A.Mallia -23 •'— — 1 Sept. 2 Sept. - „ 15 407 Regimental Hospital „,, „. P. Pace - 50 2 Sept. ฆ Recovered — — Ward 60 — ฃ,605 i FortLascaris • | „ „ „, M. Arzopardo 41 2 „ - „ — "H 2nd Floor B '508 ; Couvre Porte • „ , Bombardier C. Cova- 27 3 „ - „ — — Ground Floor 4 71 1 cintto. Sant' Elena- - Gunner L. Bellizri - 15 3 „ - „ — — „ H 500 „ „ „ G. Berzina 33 4 „ - „ — — ,* — •ฆ c'soOc '50O Fort Lasoaris - „ n ป- Ant. Borg - 54 * ป, - ป — — Ist Floor 15 "407 ? Corporal G. Bologna - 26 4 „ - „ — — 2nd Floor 9 ..598 „ - „ Gunner P. Pauli - 31 4 „ - „ — <— Ground Floor H t.500t .500 „ - „ „ Ant. Borg - 64 — — 4 Sept. - 7 Sept. - Ist Floor 15 407 • ... •_ . M v Serjeant G. Vella - 37 5 Sept. - Recovered ซ — — 3rd Floor None Not known, j • Sant' Elena-- - „ ,ฆ Gunner F. Grech r 19 6 „ — — Ground Floor — 600 Fort Lascaris - „ „ A. Grech - 26 6 „ - — — 2nd Floor 6 „ - • „ „ F. Dannanin 27 6 ป - ป " H ** M 9 593 „ „ Bombardier P. Mandi 28 ' — — 6 Sept. - Recovered Ist Floor 18 4: 407 „ - „ Gunner G. Pella - 19 1 Sept. - Recovered — — „ 16 407 Sant' Elena „ „ M. Bonello - 17 7 „ - „ — — Ground Floor — 500 FortLascaris • ? „ F. Cilia ฆ 27 7 „ - „ — — 2nd Floor 9 Bl'3 „ - „ Acting Bombardier, 56 — — 7 Sept. - Recovered Ist Floor 15 888 A. Camilleri. „ - „ Trumpeter G. Attard 23 8 Sept. • Recovered — — 2nd Floor 3 593 i • „ i Gunner P. Fanugia - 45 8 „ - „ — — 3rd Floor — 800 „ - „ Gunner G. M. Heni - 34 8 „ - — — — 2nd Floor 1 593 „ - „ „' M. Agins 23 9 „ — — —I Ist Floor 14 407 „ „' C. Spiteri - 25 10 „ ~ — — 2nd Floor 7 822 ! „ G. Vella - 19 10 „ — — — Ist Floor p 16 407 Serjeant F Ganci - 54 — — 10 Sept. - 16 Sept. - „ 10 703 . ... ... ? . „ Serjeant - Major G. 48 10 Sept. — — — 2nd Floor 2 8,372 Barbara. * ฆ „ Serjeant P. Andibut 32 12 „ - — — •ฆ — ? None Not . . known, i 'ฆ Fort Jjascaris - ? Gunner F. Dannanin 36 13 „ - •— — — „ 3 398 „ - „ „ G. Busuttil ฆ 20 14 „ - — — Ist Floor 14 407 „ „ C. Micallef - 24 — — 16 Sept. - Recovered 2nd Floor 9 598 I Couvrc Porte - „ „ G.Cremona- 17 16 Sept. — — — Ground Floor 4 7li „ - „ Bombadier G. Covac- 27 17 „ - — — — „ . 4 714 . . ciotto. „ Gunner G. M. Ciantar 21 17 „ ฆ — — — „ 2 COO j Fort Jjascaris - „ „ C. Bonavia 25 22 „ — -- — 2nd Floor 7 822 I ฆ ' • ! „ „ A. Magio - 26 23 „ - — — -< „ 10 703 I Sant' Elena • „ „ S. Mamo - 28 24 „ - — — — Ground Floor — 500 FortLascaris - „ „ P. Pabono 27 29 „ — — — Ist Floor . 15 407 Couvre Porte • M „ A. Borg - 24 12 October - — — — Ground Floor 1 G35 FortLascaris - „ „ A. Alessandri 32 19 „ - — ฆ— — Ist Floor 14 407 „ „ P. Bonz ฆ S2 22 „ - — — — 2nd Floor .1 593 „ G. Vella - 32 26 „ - — — — „ 14 407 „ „ G. Menien - 21 4 Nov. — — — „ 7 822 Sant' Elena - „ „ S. Cortis 46 13 „ - — . — — Ground Floor — 500 i .. .• •ฆ "~ * APPENDIX TO REPORT 177 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Troops at Malta, during the Epidemic of 1865- — continued. ฆ v Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General : : ฆ j How long Sanitary before Condition of Sfcateof Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation: From Prom ppomp _ om Quantity: "Good," had hood " Sufficient," "Drains," From "Filthy oth Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: RbmabKS. " In " or "Latrines" Neighbour- derived or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," sufficient.' "Gulleys." hood." Sources. sufficient." "Tasted been Lime- "Inbadly." washed. different," "Bad." j Sufficient 1 — 1 — Aqueduct & Sufficient Good 2 months Bad ram water. Sufficient 1 — 1 — „ „ „ „ Bad . , — — — — „ „ „ 6 months Good On the lodging list, living j M at Valetta. „ — — — — ?ป„ 1 day „ - -r— Insufficient — — — — „ ป ป >• •> Sufficient — — — — „ ป ?22 days „ Hospital orderly. < „ — — _• — H _ „ 3 days „ - r ~ n • „ 1 — 1 — ป ป h ปป Bad - „ 1 — 1 *"" ป ป ,i 4 days „ Insufficient — — ฆ— — ป ป „ >, Good Sufficient *- — — — „ปป,,ป 5> _ — . n n M B (> Insufficient — — — — ปป,,ป, ป Sufficient — — — — ,ปป„ 6 months „ On the lodging list, living at Valetta. „ 1 — 1 — „ „ „ 6 days Bad „ — — — ""ซป,, ป Good Insufficient — • — — ~" ป ป „ ป „ j Sufficient 1 — 1 — „ „ „ „ Bad — — — — ป ป to ป Good „ — — — — ป .. ป 8 days „ — — . — — „ „ l month Officer's servant living at Vittoriosa. „ — — — — ป.ปป 8 days „ Insufficient — — — — ป „ ป 9 „ „ Sufficient — — — ~ ? ? ?10 „ „ | Insufficient — ฆ ฆฆ _- _. „ „ ?10 „ „ Sufficient - - — - ป ป ?10 „ „ ----„„„ 10 „ „ — — —' — „„„_ months „ On the lodging list, Floriana. „ — — — — ปป,ป 13 days „ ' Insufficient — — "~ ~ n " ?14 „ „ — — Sufficient — -* — — „ „ ?16 „ „ - ป -. ? 16 „ — • — T7 - <ฆ' ป " ป ป *ฆ' ป ป „ — — — — ป ป ii 22 „ „ ฆ „ — — — — >ป ป 'ป 23 „ „ „ 1 — 1 — ?.,„ 24 „ Bad Insufficient *— — •ฆ! "ฆ ป ป ?29 „ „ Sufficient ~ — — — „ „ ?42 „ „ — - Insufficient — — ~ — ป ป ?49 „ „ Sufficient — — "~ ~* ป ป .. B2 „ „ — - Insufficient — — — — „ „ ?56 „ „ Sufficient — — — — ป,.„ 65 „ „ F. BERNARD, M.D., Surgeon, R. M. F. Arxilleby. Z4 Table XXll.— Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. . Cvb "> j Floor where Feet attacked: Number Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of "Ist Floor,"' Eoom in Where quartered. Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or * her ฐ Ro^ at "2nd Floor." attaekea - tn e Plague Hospital - Royal Artillery Mrs. Monger - - 21*' — 22 June -23 June - Ground Floor — — „ - „ Mrs. Tom - 33 — — 23 „ ฆ 27 „ ฆ „ — — Barrack at Salvatore „ Mrs. Perry - 27 — — 1 July ฆ 2 July - — — Counterguard. , _, , „ „ „ Mrs. Mcllroy - 28 - - 1 ป ฆ Recovered „ - - „ „ • „ Mrs. Grey - 36 — — 1 „ - „ „ „ „ - „ Mrs. Troy 29 — — 1 ป - ป ป „ „ • M Mrs. Forrester 32 — — 1 ปป ป ป „ „ - „ Mrs. Knight - 28 — — 1 „ - „ „ — Quarters at Salvatore >, Mrs. Phipps - - 25 — — 2 „ ฆ 8 July Counterguard. . ? Salvatore Counter- „ Mrs. Gadd - 29 — — 9 „ - 10 „ - „ guard. St. James Cavalier - „ Mrs. Forrester - 82 16 July - Recovered — — „ „ - „ Mrs. Morgan - 29 - 26 July - Recovered „ - — Upper St. Elmo - .. Mrs. O'Brien • 28 9 August - Recovered i — — „ - „ Mrs. Campbell • 18 „ - ! !21 August - Recovered „ — — Plague Hospital - „ Amelia Martha Tom - | &ft 20 Juno ' 21 Juue " Joseph ฅm. Monger - j ft 26 June - 27 June — — ? if „ - „ Henry Gco. Marshall- &} — — 29 June - 80 June - „ — seyi Quarters at Salva- „ _ , „ ? _ tore Counter- Jemima Phipps - lft — — 6 July - OJuly • „ guard. . , , _ , Tents at Salvatore ป Joseph Wm. Cragg - ft 6 July • Recovered — — ป — Counterguard. _ Elizabeth Whitlield - 3 6 July - Recovered „ „ - „ Henry Perry - - 8 — — 6 „ „ „ Maria Troy - - 4 10 July - Recovered — — ป — Mary Jane Wheller - 2-J — 11- July - Recovered „ — — Marsamuscetto - „ Ellen Harmor - - 4 5 August - 5 August - Ist Floor - Sleima • - ? Hdv, Wui. Lawson -\ 1\ 25 August -31 August - — — Ground Floor — — St. James Cavalier - „ Emily Gadd - - ft 16 July - 20 July — — Lower St. Elmo - 100 th Regiment Mrs. Waight - -21; 21 July -JR. 30 July- - v - 'ฆ Ground Floor 3 Married I I I Crown Works - „ Mrs..Shea - - 35 j25 „ -R. 31 „ - - - „ 13 Mrs. Jones - - 32 | - - .27 July -| 29 July - 5 Horn Works - „ | Mrs. Moser -32 ! - |28 „ - j „ - Mrs. Bates - • 29 ;30 July -R. 4 Aug. ฆ | — — ป 6 „ Crown Works - „ . Mrs. Welsh • 40 .31 „ -R. 5 „ - - - ซ 12 Horn Works - .. Mrs. Reardon - - 36 ! X August - R.lO „ - — - .. 5 Pembroke Camp - „ Mrs. Ridley - '- 28 - - 37 August- 27 Aug. - „ Unknown „ Sliema - - „ Mrs.Munns - - 25 - 1 Sept. -R. 11 Sept.- „ „ Horn Works - .. j Mrs. Grodan - - 29 3 October- R. 9 Oct. - - - ?1 Married Lower St. Elmo - .. | Mrs. Casey - -21 24 „ -R. 29 „ - - - Ist Floor 6 Horn Works .. .. | Child, E. Cadden - 1j 5 August- R. 20 Aug. - ; | Ground Floor 4 Carried Garrison Hospital- | .. ปM. B. Edwards 223„ • B. Uw. 1806 - .. Hosptl. v M.F. Brady -18 — — |29 August -R. 4 Sept. • Ist Floor Un- Un- I Lower St. Elmo . ป Rebecca Ridley 1| 21 Sept. -tf October, •_ ' - - Ground Floor '"T"' fi I i . | „ Phoebe Ridley 3 — — 25 October • R. 31 Oct. „ 6 „ „ ? „ 31 October - R. 12 Nov. - — — ป 0 „ APPENDIX TO REPORT 179 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. from Diarrhcea and Cholera among Soldiers' Wives and Children, in Malta during the Epidemic of 1865. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General ____—— ; How long Sanitary before Condition of State of Quality : the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation: From From From Quantity: "Good," had hood Remarks "Sufficient," ซ DrainS) ป prom "Filthy other Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: "In- or ,ซ T ..„,., Neighbour- derived or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," sufficient." ซ Gu ney S ." Latnnes - | hood ป Sources. denvecU sufflcien t.ป "Tasted been Lim- "labadly." washed. different," "Bad." Sufficient Drains Latrines Filthy^ea- - R~ ter Sufflcient Good "** Ne^ the ill-drained Laza- Insufficient No No No Aqueduct ? !___ฆ Good A place. Coni) ป ป ป it ป >i •> ป n ป " n ป ป " „ ? ป •ป "~ li ป ป " Timing Latrines Yes Yes* Tank of „ Tasted „ Indifferent * Overflow of sewerage M Drams latrines les xc rainwater. badly. into the ditch near to the barrack. „ |, „ Surrounded by dirty neighปป ป " bourhood. Sufficient No No No No Tanks „ Good j 3 months Drains Latnnes I Filthy sea- ? ' Tank ? „ End Near Lazaretto. shore. : - . " " " -'" | - " " Insufficient No No No ? Aqueduct „ „ 2 months Good A very narrow place. ; „ — „ "1 Tents occupied by those Sufficient „ ป ป " " " who had been first at . — „ 5- Plague Hospital, afteri) ป ป ป - . j wards at Salvatore ? — •ฆ J Counterguard. H ป " " I . „ .. I 3 months Indifferent Near the ill-drained Man* „ >. ป .ป-,' dernggio. Insufficient Drains Latrines Yas A^lthy Tank | Sufficient Tasted J 2 months Bad I - I _: | — ' Z THOMAS EAItK, Slkgeon, 3rd Battalion Rqtal Artillery. * Previous to regiment insufficient Yes.fre- None **** I "*** ""* E?mf Z "^ifS quently from or^ siao.ts. lsa฿-andftequentlysince, the old mam sewers. „ has tho rack s dr ป m> No No ? ? ? i 20 June | Good and round the base of Sufficient ao ป "' , the walls on the floors. ป " •ป ป " ' - _ — Unknown — — _ — Unknown _ _ — In lodgings, via Kzira, — ~" I Shellia. _r No No No Aqueduct Sufficient Good and ; 20 June Good T^o^ffi-.iAnf Yfซs fw- F ป" om opening Prom'offlcers' ? >. ป August Bad Insufficient xc ?; lr ~ ' . n fAtv stihlos sas BewS stables - Efficient "No" „ No No „ , ฆ 20 June Good — „ ป. ป j May | Bad " j i ' _ - Unknown - - *- , - ] - jln lodgings, via Kzira, — — Slieiita. Insufficient YeB.fre- Nd Pn g^l_ qnedHpt M ™^ "^ - ~ thloffmam 1 sewers. •• " " .1 " " ________ " ~ J. SMITH CHARTERS, Surgeon, 100 th P. W. R. C. Regiment. 19034. A a Table XXII. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths from —ฆii" ! ! ' j Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. Cubic j Floor where Feet attacked: Number per "Ground Floor," of Inmato Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of "Ist Floor," Room in Wliere quartered. Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or where Roori !lt "2nd Floor." attacked - the Time of Attack. Yrs. Plague Hospital - 2nd Battalion Bth Mrs.Driall - - 20 1 July 1865 — — — Ground Floor Not 600 Regiment. known. FortManoel - „ • John Hampson if 5 — — — ?4 1,200 Pembroke Camp - „ Margaret Flynn 4 15 „ 19 July 1865 ฆ — — "Wooden hut — About „ • „ Mrs. Flynn - 36 — — 20 July - 28 July „ — „ „ . „ JohnFlynn 1. - — 24 ? - 29 „ ฆ „ - FortManoel - „ Mrs. Cousens - - 26 28 July — — — Ist Floor 3 2,000 Pembroke Camp - „ Johanna Curtin - 6 — — 29 July 29 July - "Wooden hut — About „ - „ Julia Flannery 8 — — 80 „ - 31 „ - „ — : .. FortManoel - „ Mrs. Harris - - 25 31 July — • — — Ground Floor Lodgings Not known. Strada Mercanti - ป Mrs. Brook SO — — 3 2 Aug. - 13 Aug. - 4th Floor „ „ „ - „ Louisa Brook 8 — — 13 „ 14 „ • . „ „ ป „ - „ Frederick Brook 6 — — 13 „ — „ ป ? „ • „ "William Brook - 4 — — 13 „ 16 Aug. • „ „ „ Pembroke Camp - ป "William Hooke - . 27 August - 30 August — — "Wooden hut — About 700. Mrs. Fitzgerald ' - 29 — — 22 Sept. • — 2nd Floor 29 2,000 1 j I , — | Left Horn Work - 2nd Battalion 4th Mrs. Thowburne - 33 — — 13 July - 14 July • Ground Floor Hut 11 1,560 Regiment, Mrs. May • 61 — — 22 „ - 22 „ „ „ 17 940 „ „ Mrs. Bailey - 85 — — 24 „ Recovered „ „ 24 1,340 „ „ Mrs. Walker - 23 — — 24 „ - „ „ ?20 910 Mrs. Carton - 33 - - 26 „ - 26 July - „ „ 16 1,340 Notre Dame Ravelin „ Mrs. Gtmber - - 29 — — 28 „ ซ 28 ? - „ „ 4 1,560 Left Horn Work - „ Mrs.Hazeley - 29 — — 29 „ - 1 August - „ „ 19 1,340 ? Mrs. Flatters • - 25 29 July ฆ Recovered — — „ ป 8 2,350 ? Mrs. Miller - 33 29 „ - „ — — ป ป 18 2,350 „ „ Mrs. Denman •3029 „ - „ — — ป ป 3 1,560 j , Encampment „ Mrs. Crombie 29 — — 2 August - 3 August • „ Tent 205 Schoolmaster's Quar- „ Mrs. Green - - 24 12 Aug. - Recovered — — ป Quarters 1,033 ters, Floriana. * CHILDREN. Left Horn Work - „ Child D. Barnes - 2 1 July - 20 July ~ — Ground Floor Hut 2 600 „ „ Child J. Barnes 4 24 „ - Recovered — — ? ?2 600 Notre Dame Ravelin „ Child E. Crombie 2 24 „ - 27 August — — •> ป 5 670 Left Horn Work - „ Child Har. S. Duck 4 24 „ • Recovered — — >, 14 1,560 Notre Dame Ravelin „ Child Wm. Gimber - 1\ 25 „ - 3 August — — ? ป 4 670 Left Horn Works - „ Child C. W. Hazeley 21 28 * „ - 1 „ - — ป ป 19 670 Encampment - „ Child G. C. Hazeley 1 — — 2 August - 5 August • „ Tent 530 „ „ Mrs. Lawler's Child - 6 10 Sept. - Recovered — — „ ป — „ Mrs. Barnes* Child - 4 10 „ - „ — — ป ป 171 , — i Married Quarters, 84thBegiment Mrs. Hickmott - 23 — — 4 Aug. 1865 5 Aug. 1865 2nd Floor 46 1,020 Polverista. ZeitunGate- - „ Mrs.McNulty - 22 — — 6 ป ซ .. Ground Floor — Married Quarters, „ Mrs. Jolly - 24 - — 16 „ 80 „ 2nd Floor 38 1,539 "'ฆ - „ Mrs. Nowland - 19 16 Aug. 1865 Recovered — — Ist Floor 19 980 „ „ Mrs.Boulger - - 27 16 , „ „ - - Ground Floor 8 1,404 j . 180 APPENDIX TO REPORT Diarrhoea and Cholera among Soldiers' Wives and Children, in Malta during the Epidemic of 1865— continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General ! _ I — — How long Sanitary before Condition of State of Quality : the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation: From From From Quantity: "Good," had hood "Sufficient," "Drains" p rom "Filthy other Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: "In- or 1,, „ Neighbour- j • a or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," : sufficient." ซ o u u e y S ," ' hood." Sources. sufficient." " Tasted been Lime- " Inbadly." washed. different," | • "Bad." i _ ! 1 — — ฆ ? i ~ ! : Insufficient From drains None None None Tanks Sufficient Good Not known Indifferent Sufficient None „ „ „ „ ป ป 2 months Good „ Occasionally An uncovered No ? ป ป ป >• rear in the neighbourhood, „ .. ป .. ป ป ป - • „ ป „ ป ป ป v „ None None ซ ป. ป ป ป ซ „ Occasionally An uncovered „ >, n ป> ป ป rear in the neighbourhood. „ ปป ป ป> >> ป " " _ None None House close „ ป ป Not known „ to water Insufficient From drains „ „ None „ Insufficient Bad taste About 8 Bad months. „ „ „ n ป .. .ป Recovered. Sufficient „ Occasionally An uncovered „ „ Sufficient Good 2 months „ rear in the M „ „ „ 3 months „ Recovered JOHN MADDEN, Surgeon, 2nd Battalion, Bth (The King's) Reghikst. ' Sufficient None None None None Aqueduct Sufficient Good 1 month Good „ „ „ ป 39 days „ H ป ป ป 1 month „ ป ป 6 weeks „ I ป U ป " " ป ป ป ป '• ป •' .. v ป ป M ป ป v ;) •> ปป " „ „ ป ป . ป ป ป' " „ , „ „ „ „ Tent „ ป ป ป " . " •i „ ป 78 days „ Sufficient None None None None Aqueduct Sufficient Good 16 days Good „ ? ? ป 6 weeks „ „ ii ป ป ป >' " " " " Tent „ B. Lane, Surgeon, 2nd Battalion, 4th Eegiment, King's Own Royals. I Sufficient No No No -| . f Rainwater Sufficient Good White-. | Good •|^ S August 1865. Insufficient „ Yes , ป ป ~ ~ Not on the strength. ' Sufficient „ No " • 1 1| ฆ ป .. ? X -j| f Aa 2 181 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXII. Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths from Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. i. Cholera. appeared. ' Cubic : Floor where Feet attacked: Number per "Ground Floor," of Iniliate Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of ซi s t Floor," Room in Where quartered. Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or y here Room at "2nd Floor." ป**ซ*ed. the Time of Attack. Yrs. Married Quarters, i 84th Regiment Mrs. Swift - - 24 ' 18 Aug. 1865 Recovered — — Ground Floor 6 702 Polverista. , .„,. FortVerdala - „ Mrs. Driver -j 28 19 „ - ป — — „ 4 1,630 Married Quarters, „ Mrs. Harney • • 28 19 „ • — — 2nd Floor 39 615 Polyerista.^ _ Mrs. Bailey - -2922 „ - - Ground Floor 1 1,404 „ „ Mrs. Kets Remety - 34 25 „ - - 2nd Floor 36 1,026 „ „ Mrs. Austwick - 34 28 „ — — ป 43 615 FortVerdala - „ Mrs. Harrison - 30 — — 29 Aug. 1865 1 Sept. 1866 Ground Floor 1 815 Married Quarters, „ Mrs. Nowland - 19 1 Sept. 1865 Recovered - - Ist Floor 19 980 Pol : eriSta '- - Mrs. Sweeney- - 20 1 „ - - - „ 30 1,470 FortVerdala - „ Mrs. Robinson - 18 1 „ - „ - - Ground Floor 7 1,630 Married Quarters, „ Mrs. Jenkinson - 30 10 „ „ — — Ist Floor 24 1,470 Pol ; eriSta -- . Mrs. Birch - -2813 „ - „ - .. - ?27 980 Mrs. Bould 27 13 „ „ — — Ground Floor 25 936 ZabbarGato - „ Mrs. Clarney - - 24 18 „ - „ — — >. — — Married Quarters, „ Mrs. Sullivan - - 33 25 „ - - 2nd Floor 33 769 Polverista.^ _ Mrs. Stretch - - 20 3 Oct. - „ - Ground Floor 16 1,404 Mrs. O'Brien 28 U „ , — — 2nd Floor 48 1,539 Married, Quarters, „ Child, Hickmott - 1 1 Aug. - - - Ist Floor 3 1,026 Ze P t O un e Gat!'- - .. McNulty - 3 - - 7 Aug. 1865 9 Aug. 1865 Ground Floor - - Married Quarters, „ Harney - - 2 8 Aug. 1865 17 Sept. 1865 — 2nd Floor 39 615 Polverista.^ Marriott - 1 15 „ -27 Oct. - - - Ist Floor 26 730 m „ Nowland 1 10 „ -14 „ ฆ — — „ 19 980 „ Quarmby - 42 17 „ - 27 Aug. - — — 2nd Floor 40 1,026 „ Minahan - 90 S " 17 „ ฆ20 „ - — — „ 46 1,026 " days. Upper Vittoriosa „ ? Jones (Emma) - 4 17 „ ฆ Recovered - - Ist Floor & 1,571 H ฐf iUL . ? Jones (Annie) - 2 17 „ - - - „ 8 1,571 ZeitunGate- - „ ? Lawler - . 2 - - 10 Aug. 1865 14 Aug. 1865 „ Officer^ - Notre Dame Bastion „ „ Blake • - 1 18 Aug. 1865 9 Oct. 1865- - - Ground Floor 1,000 Married Quarters, „ ? Rowbottom - 1 20 „ - Recovered - - Ist Floor 29 588 Fo^Verdafa 'ฆ „ Lawson - 2 24 „ - - - Ground Floor 2 1,630 Married Quarters, „ ? Greaves - 12 25 „ — — ป Polverista. Kel]y . . ! M „ - „ - - Ist Floor 25 735 FortVerdala - „ .. Farrell - 2 28 „ - - Ground Floor 7 1,680 „ Fitzgerald 2 29 „ — - ป 31 I>63<> Married Quarters, „ „ Dempsey - 4 - - 29 Aug. 1865 31 Aug. 1865 2nd Floor 45 1,026 Polverista. Austwick - 2 1 Sept. 1865 Recovered - - „ 43 615 Taylor --14,, ? — — Ground Floor 14 936 „ Broderick - 1 11 „ - 26 Oct. 1865 — — 2nd Floor 38 615 FortVerdala - „ .. Harrison 2 18 „ - Recovered - - Ground Floor 1 830 „ DaSn ger) - - 213 22 „ - „ - - m 30 1,630 days. „ Harrison(elder). 7 22 „ - 4 Oct. 1865- _ - „ 1 830 Married „ „ Whelehan ฆ 4 23 „ - Recovered - - ?12 936 Polverista\ Mahoney ฆ 61 25 „ -19 Oct. 1865 - - 2nd Floor 41 615 „ Davis • -.T' | 37 - Recovered — — Ist Floor 27 588 ZabbarGate - ป Connell - 7j27 „ -27 Oct. 1865 - - Ground Floor - Married Quarters, „ ? Kelly - - 3j28 „ - Recovered - - Ist Floor 25 735 FortVerdafc - „ ป Fitzgerald . I M . . „ - - Ground Floor 31 1,630 „ Farrell - - 2 7 Oct. „ - — - ป „ Harrison 7 7 „ - - ป 1 830 Notre Dame฿astion „ „ Blake - 4 10 „ -16 Oct. 1865 ซ 8 1,000 New Married Quar- „ „ Morley • 63 10 „ -15 ? - - ? M 561 ters. B''8 ' ' 182 APPENDIX TO REPORT Diarrhoea and Cholera, among Soldiers' Wives and Children in Malta during the Epidemic of 1865— continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General — — . ฆ How long Sanitary before Condition of State of Quality : the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation: From From From Quantity: "Good," had hood "Sufficient," "Drains" From "Filthy th Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," the affected of Quarter: Remabks. " In " or ซT a trinPซป Neighbour- ฐ derived or "In- "Muddy," Room "Good," sufficient." ซ Gulleys ป ซ"™ป*- hood ป Sources. c " su ffi c ient." "Tasted been Lime- "Inbadly." washed. different," "Bad." Sufficient No No No 1 f Rainwater Sufficient Good T ( Good Insufficient „ „ „ „ ป ป ป Sufficient „ „ „ „ >, ป ( >ป —~ i. ป ? „ g ป ป " < ป ซ, Insufficient „ „ „ „ ป ป r ฃ 1 ป . Sufficient „ ? " „ • " " " " 2 .ฆง Insufficient „ „ „ „ ป ป ป -~~ Sufficient „ „ „ „ ป ป ? , fc .___|. ____ Not on the strength, •a " • Sufficient No No No ซ= „ Sufficient Good "j -g C Good ::::| : : . \ - Insufficient „ Yes „ ซ „ Su fflcient Good Unknown - Not on the strength. Sufficient „ No „ ? ป "1 -g f Good I- " Z ii ? H it ฆ> " " .g ป : : :: : J [ : : : ' I s ' : = Insufficient Yes Yes Yes Yes „ „ „ Bad „ No „ No No „ ii „ Unknown Good No 1 r ป • ? .. ป Sufflcient „ „ „ .. ป " ] [ Insufficient „ „ .ป ป ปi ป ป Sufflcient „ „ ป ป ~ <• ป ป Insufficient „ ป .ป ป ป ป ป O* til mmmmm^ Sufficient „ •> ป <ซ ป ป - ซ g, ป ป >i ป " " ป ป 2 iป Insufficient „ ป ป ป ป ป g ป \ ง 1 •' " % I ..;:; — Sufficient „ ป ปi v ป ป ป ป l l „ ซ l M •ฆ ป J I — _ _ „ — — — — Not on the strength. Sufflcient No No No | ? Sufficient Good |^ ( Good Insufficient „ >• ป ป ป ป '. ISw J " J.-2-5S j „ — „ ii ป ป Unknown ป ฆ— Efficient I ป J [ ซ . - J2X - — August 1865. F. J. CLARKE, Surgeon, 84th Bbqimsnt. A a 3 183 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXII.— -Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths from Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. , appeared. — MlOlc i — Floor where reet attacked: Number * )er • "Ground Floor" of Inmate Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of ซ Ist Floor," Room in j Where gartered. Corp, Attack. Death. Attack. Death. _f ? jฃZ. Te^ i Time of Attack. i _^ m , m ._ Yrs Fort฿icasoli - 29th Regiment Child, J. Rostron - l' IB July -12 August- - - Ground Floor 55 790 Pembroke Camp - „ Mrs. M. A. Jams - 38 - 26 July 1865 31 July 1865 „ 6 1,176 Vittoriosa - - „ Child, S. Walters - 2 1 August - 5 August - - ?10 910 Fort฿i 3 asoli - „ ? Kennelly - 1 b „ - - - - ป 51 „ Mrs.Westcott - 22 6 „ - - - — ป 47 620 Child,A.Colgan -37,,-- - H ป 49 620 Mrs.lndoa - 36 8 „ - - - ป 35 469 Cottonora - - Child, H. Nicholls - 1 10 „ ฆ14 August - - - Ist Floor M „ „ „ S.Mason ฆ 2 11 „ -12 „ • - - ป 5i Fort฿icasoli - ? ป O.Mitchell - 3 12 „ -15 „ - -. ~ Ground Floor 52 Mrs. A. Murray - 22 - 14 August -14 August - „ 45 W0 Cottonera - - . „ CBourke - 21 - - 14 „ -16 „ - Ist Floor 2 Fort฿icasoli - v „M. McHugh - 28 - - 15 „ -17 „ - Ground Floor 57 508 Cottonera - - „ -V. Mason - 24 - . - 16 „ -16 „ - Ist Floor 1 .M Fort฿icasoli ป Child, F.Todd - 8 - - 18 „ -20 „ - Ground Floor Hut 5 „ M. Warren - 1 18 August - 20 August — — >, .. 960 Mrs.C.Hickie . 27 18 „ - - - - ป 56 559 Child, M. Halloran 2 19 „ - - — - ป 58 559 „ M.McEvoy - 11 19 „ - - ~ - ป 49 508 Mrs.M.Colgan - 30 20 „. - ~ ~ ป 49 46U Child, H. Mitchell - 120 „ - - f-j - ป 62 „ Bray - ฆ 2 21 „ - ~ - - 47 620 „ Halloran . 2 22 „ - - - - ป 58 559 ',„ t McHuKh 1 — — 22 August - 22 August - „ Hut 3 9GO Pembroke Camp - ป ป J-^c^ws ll A. Douglass - 1 22 August - 22 August — — „ 14 508 Port฿Loli "- I Mr, Wilkinson -24 - 25 August- 25 August- „ 58 559 „ Child, Wilkinson - 2 26 August — — — .ป 58 . 559 „ C.Hickie - 1 31 „ - - ~ - .. 56 559 D.Wilkinson- 1 31 „ - 15 Sept. — — ? Hut & 960 „ A.Colgan - 3 4 Sept. - - . - ป 66 620 „ E.Westcott . 116 „ - - If ~ .. 49 620 Pembroke Camp . I ป M - McMain "116 " ' Vif f " ' Fort฿icasoli - , " *ฆ*ซ . 217 „ . - - - ? 47 620 „ J.Reddington 1 18 „ - - - - 48 620 Mrs. McGovern - 24 24 „ - - - - ,ป 48 620 „ Hickie - 27 25 „ - ~ ป . 56 559 Child, Westcott - 2 14 October- - - - „ 47 620 „ Goggins - 4 18 „ - - - ป 49 52 „ H.McEvoy - 218 „ - - ~ f ป 49 500 ' „ J.ODonnell - 5 18 „ - 22 October- - ?28 313 Mr,A.Reddington - 24 - 23 October- 23 October- „ 48 620 \ Child, A. O'Brien -10 - 4 26 „.27 „ - „ 57 508 E. Stokes ฆ 1 26 October- 31 October- — — ?57 508 Mrl-Horan - -' 18 26 „ - - j- ~ m 39 313 Child, M. Smith ฆ 1 27 „ - 2 Nov. - - - „ 27 313 Mr, Stokes - 24 - 29 October- 30 October- „ 57 508 Child, C.Hickie - 1 31 October- - ?56 600 „ M.McEvoy .111 - ~ 1 Nov - " 1 Nov ' " " 49 500 „ E.Jones - 2 1 „ - ISNov. - ?57 700 Mrs. McGovern - 26 10 „ - r- „ 47 790 T „ — — 12 Nov. - 13 Nov. - „ Tent 97 „ Jones • - au I I — ; Diarrhoea and Cholera araoug Soldiers' Wives and Children, in Malta during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. "Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General — — How long Sanitary before Condition of State of Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation: From From Prom Quantity: "Good," had hood "Sufficient," ซD ra hi S ป Prom "Filthy other Whence "Sufficient" "Clear," the affected of Quarter: Remabks. ' i ป> ป ป w i> 2 „ „ „ n , „ ป ป ป ii ป ป 6 „ Good „ ป 11 ป ป n ป ป 6 ป ป ~~ ~ i, H ป ป ป ป ป 2 i, Bad Lodgings at "A Gun Inn." „ M >ป ป ป ป .i ป 6 „ • Good i, ii it ii m ii ii 2 „ Bad Lodgings at "A Gun Inn." Sufficient ? ป ป ป ป ป ป ซ ป Good „ M ป ป ป ป " 'ป ฎ ป ป' „ „ ii ป ป ป ป. ป 6 „ Insufficient >ป ปป ป> ปป ป ป ป 8 ป ป> ~— „ ii >ป ป ซ ป ป ป> 6 ปi >ป „ >| ปป !> lป >ป ป ป 6 ป I, ฆ - Sufficient ป ปป ป ป ป ป " 1 ปป ป "~^ „ ii ป . ป ป ป ป iป 1 ป ปi ""~~ Insufficient ป ป ป• ป ปป ป ป 6 ป ป „„hnปป ป ป 6 ป iป „ „ II M ป '• ป• >ฆ 6 || || „ ii II ii ป 'ป ป ป 6 H >i „I,,ปปปป ป ซ 6 ป II „ || II II ป• ป If ป 8 M II Sufficient ป >ป ป ป ป ป ป 6 weeks „ Insufficient ป ป >ป ป " ป ป 2 „ „ 2 „ — „ H ;> >• l> l> ป 3 >| || „ || il ป ป ป ป M 3 || || „ „ ป1 ป ป• ป ป ป 8 >ป ป „ „ II II ป ป ป ป 6 ป >ป „ „ „ ป. .. ? 6 „ „„ป>ปป ป ป 6 ป ป „ „ „ ป ป ii ป 7 „ m — • 7 H w „ II II >l •ป " •? ป „ ii n ป " " " ฎ >ป ปป „ m n ป " '> •ป „ ii •• ซ ป 9 „ — 0 n ~ „ ป ป ป ป ป ป• H i> it i' " " •• " ** i 11 i i ~^"* E. MOOIIHEAD, Suboeon-Majob, 29th Regiment. A a 4 185 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 186 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XXII. — Showing the Sanitary Condition of Affected Quarters, together with Cases and Deaths from Occupation when the Epidemic Diarrhoea. Cholera. appeared. Cubic ! Floor where Feet attacked: Number P er "Ground Floor" of Ilmmte Name of Patient. Age. Date of Date of Date of Date of "Ist Floor" Room in Where quartered. Corps. Attack. Death. Attack. Death. or where Roomat "2nd Floor." attacked - the Attack. , | i Yrs. St. Nicholas Bastion l3t Battalion Mrs. Booth - - 28 — — j 9 August - 9 August - Ground Floor 62 408 22nd Regiment Burmola Curtain - „ Child, C. Larkin - IT%1 T % 9 August - Recovered — — ?10 958 Servants' Room. „ Mrs. Donohue 26 11 „ - „ — — „ 7 1,080 Inquisitors Palace St. Frances Floriana „ ! Mrs. Finucane 28 — — il2 August - 12 August - „ Provost 2,880 Sergeant's Room. St. John's Curtain - „ Child, C. Sitton - 1A — — 12 „ - 13 „ - „ 207 294 ? „ Boy, Wm. Sitton -7 '— — I* „ •15 „ „ 207 294 „ „ Mrs. O'Brien - 26 28 August • Recovered — — „ 176 235 „ „ Boy, Wm. Harbury 4 29 „ - „ — — „ 201 898 Burmola' Curtain • „ Mrs. Humphries - 38 14 Sept. - „ — — Ist Floor 3 2,016 „ Child, T. Parlin 2 19 „ - „ — — Ground Floor 13 1,008 Mrs. Sullivan - 28 — — 22 Sept. - 24 Sept. - Ist Floor 11 1,344 „ „ Mrs. Brookman - 28 — — '26 „ 30 „ „ 4 864 „ „ Mrs. McAuliffe - 26 — — 26 „ - Recovered Ground Floor 1 1,008 St. Francesco di „ j Mrs. Mayner - - 22 j23 Sept. - j Recovered — Ist Floor Provost 1,785 Poalo. . Sergeant's! Room. St. John's Curtain - | „ Mrs. Ross • 30 ,23 October - ฆ „ — — , Ground Floor 199 294 „ „ i Child, J. A. Ross - 1^ 26 „ - „ — — „ 199 294 — i Room over the Gate- Army Hospital Mary Ann Bishop 25 ซ — 3 a.m. 10.15 p.m. . Ist Floor ~ 400 way at Notabile. Corps 6 August. 6 August. The Tower at Nota- „ Mary Jane Mahony 2 — — 9.30 a.m. Recovered 2nd Floor — 300 bile - - 11 August. j 187 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. and Cholera among Soldiers' Wives and Children in Malta during the Epidemic of 1865 — continued. Any Nuisance experienced at the Time of Attack. Water Supply at the Time of Attack. General — ฆ ; How long Sanitary j before Condition of \ State of Quality: the Attack Neighbour- Ventilation: pfom j From VvQm Quantity: -Good," had hood "Sufficient," "Drtihia," ; From "Filthy other Whence "Sufficient," "Clear," j the affected of Quarter: Remarks. " In " or ! "LfttiHnM" Neighbour- : ?.,„,, or "In- "Muddy," j Room "Good," sufficient." <. Gul , eys ." i " mS " < j hood .ป | Sources. llllnel - suffic ieiit," "Tasted | been Lime- "Inbadly." washed. different," "Bad." __ ______ Sufficient ' — 111— — Aqueduct & | Buffloient Good 3 months Good Rain Water.! „ — — • 1 — „ ป „ 1 month | Bad „ — — 1 — — „ „ ป ! 3 months „ v — — — — „ป ii ? Good i ! ' Insufficient — — — — „ „ „ „ „ Sufficient — — 1 — „ „ "I 2montns Ba{i m ~ — 1 — „,.ป, v ป. Insufficient — — 1 — „,,,ปป ,ป r — — 1 — „ „ i> 4 months „ ฆ „ — — — — „ „ „ 1 month Good ! A. L. ADAMS, Surgeon, Ist Battalion, 22nd Rkoiment. Mrs. Bishop lived in the isolated room over the gateway, and hardly ever left it. She abstained from all intercourse with Sufficient - - Vide Tank in Sufficient Good 4 months. Vide th^Sant Remarks. Sanitarium. ' } Remarks. tarium wS^riodically discharged into a garden about 200 yards from •• " " " " " " these quarters. It was discharged on the night on which Private Maซ hony*s child was attacked. THOMAS BLATHERWICK, Staff Surgeon. 188 APPENDIX TO REPORT No. XXIII. Commanding Royal Engineer's Office, Malta, April 9, 1867. List of Samples of Water (in duplicate) which have been packed, and transmitted to the Superintendent of Stores, to be forwarded to Woolwich for analysis. No. 1. — Specimen taken at the point, where all the sources proceeding from Bingemma, &c. meet near Casal Attard, and there enter the Wighancourt Aqueduct. No. 2. — Specimen from the distribution tank at Porta Reale. No. 3. — Specimen from the Avell or tank from which the water for the Plague Hospital was derived before cholera appeared in 1865. No. 4. — Specimen from distribution tank of the Fauara Aqueduct, at Zeitun Grate. No. 5. — Specimen from the water raised by the Government engine at the Marsa, in the Farm of Armier. No. 6. — Specimen of the water supplied by the aqueduct to Rabato in Gozo. (Signed) Edward W. Durnford, Col, Com. Royal Engineer. Chemical Department, Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, June 19, 1867. Memorandum for the Director of Works, &c. with reference to the results of analysis of samjiles of water (as per accompanying list) received from the Commanding Royal Engineer, Malta. The results of analysis of these waters were as follow :—: — In grains per Imperial gallon. No. 1. | No. 2. | No 3. Total solid constituents (by 1 j direct determination) -J Zb 4J 2i 138 15 8o Carbonate of lime - - 11*20 10-50 8-70 Nitrate of lime - 0-55 0-45 — Carbonate of magnesia - - 2*12 2*12 I*o6 Sulphate of soda - - 2-13 1-95 o*Bs Chloride of sodium - - 9*34 B*Bl 4*14 Ammonia - - -/ Minute 1 _ _ \ trace. J Organic and other volatile matters j 0-00 o*2o o*4o In grains per Imperial gallon. No. 4. No. 5. No. 6. Total solid constituents - - 21-10 53-30 42*65 Carbonate of lime - - 6-80 21*10 10-03 Nitrate of lime - - - o*sl I*oo 0*45 Sulphate of lime- - - 1*63 — 1-46 Carbonate of magnesia - - 2*Bo 3*71 6-66 Sulphate of soda - - — 3*47 3-89 Chloride of sodium - - 9-02 23-88 19*96 Ammonia ... Trace — Trace Organic and other volatile matters o*so o*lo o*2o An inspection of these shows that : — 1. All the waters contain remarkably small proportions of organic and other volatile matters, and nitrates are also present only in small proportions. The waters are therefore perfectly wholesome. 2. Nos. 3 and 4 are moderately soft waters and very well suited for all domestic purposes. 3. Nos. 1, 2, and 6 are notably harder than Nos. 3 and 4, but they are rendered soft by boiling. 4. No. 5 water is very hard (though rendered soft by boiling), and contains a somewhat considerable proportion of common salt; this water is therefore inferior to all the others, though the last named impurity can scarcely be considered to amount to an injurious proportion. (Signed) F. A. Abel, Chemist of the War Department. No. XXIV. Provisions relating to the Public Health contained in the " Laws and Regulations of Police for the Island of Malta and its Dependencies." The following acts and omissions are prohibited : 1 . To throw or to let fall any dirt, rags, or other matters in a street or over a street, or to let offensive or stinking materials flow towards a street ; or to transport such materials through a street otherwise than in vehicles or by other covered means ; or to beat or shake dust from carpets, or mats, or other objects in a street or over a street, except by permission of the police ; or to void urine in any street of the cities of Valetta, Cospicua, Senglea, and Vittoriosa, or of the suburb called Floriana, except in the places appointed for that purpose ; or to deposit or leave in a street filth, or rubbish that may have fallen in the conveyance of the same j or to deposit on the wall of any enclosure contiguous to a street stones which ought not to be laid or deposited therein. 51. It is prohibited to construct chimneys, ovens, or forges against a partition wall, although a person's own property, between tenements belonging to difierent proprietors, or to establish or keep in the neighbourhood of the property of others workshops IVoin which there might be danger of fire, or of explosion, or of noxious exhalations, without a licence from the police, in which shall be specified the distances and works requisite to prevent damage being caused either to a neighbour or to the public health! The differences, however, between the respective proprietors or neighbours on such matters, so far as regards property, shall continue to be cognizable by the Civil Courts. 53. In every house or other building the proprietor shall construct a suitable sink communicating, if it be possible, with the main sewer or with some other outlet according to rule ; and every occupier of a house or other building shall reveal to the police the want of such sink. 54. The proprietor of every house or other building is bound to maintain the sink with the requisite drains and coverings, and with a proper grating affixed to the mouth of each drain, in a good state of repair, and shall repair the sink within such reasonable time as shall be fixed in a notice from the police calling on him to do so. 55. Over every cistern, well, or ditch which is intended to be kept open in any house, building, or other place the proprietor shall keep constantly and in good repair a fence at least three palms in height. 56. It is prohibited to leave dirty, corrupt, or stagnant water in underground or other places, whether within houses or elsewhere, so as to produce injury to the public health or annoyance to the neighbourhood ; and every person shall take care that, through his negligence, the contents of any sink, or any drain for water or filth, shall not run over or ooze out to the prejudice or annoyance of the occupiers of a contiguous tenement. 57. Whenever it shall be signified or reported to the police that a collection of manure or other noxious or offensive matter exists in any building or other place, to the prejudice of the public health or annoyance 189 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. of the neighbourhood, the police shall immediately give notice to the proprietor of such manure or other matter, or to the occupier of the place where it may exist, that it must be removed within twenty-four hours after such notice. 58. Whenever any house or other building shall be in such a dirty or unwholesome state as to prejudice the public health, or when the whitewashing, cleaning or purification of any house or other building may tend to prevent any infections, contagious, or epidemic sickness which might occur therein, it shall be lawful for the police to order the proprietor or occupier of such house or other building to whitewash, clean, or purify the tenement in such manner and within such time as may be thought reasonable by the police. 60. No person shall keep slaughter-houses or pigsties in any place or exercise any art or trade which may be prejudicial to the public health or safety or may annoy the neighbours ; and no person shall keep in any place merchandise which may produce noxious vapours or odours or which may be prejudicial to the public health or safety. 61. If the annoyance or injury contemplated in the preceding article be not stopped within such period as shall have been prescribed by the Court, the contravaner shall be liable, besides the penalty for the contravention, to a penalty not exceeding two pounds sterling for every day during which such annoyance or injury shall continue unremedied after the expiration of the prescribed period. 64. It is prohibited to burn, boil, distil, or otherwise decompose any root, drug, or other thing in houses, buildings, or other places, causing thereby offensive or dangerous odours or vapours, so as to be prejudicial to the public health or an annoyance to the neighbourhood, without a licence from the police, as prescribed in article 51. 67. No cemetery shall be made at a distance less than two hundred yards from any inhabited house, unless with the consent in writing of the proprietor or of the tenant or other occupier of such house ; and although the prescribed distance be observed, yet, if any prejudice to the public health or annoyance to the neighbourhood could result, the distance shall be increased according to the opinion of competent persons. 72. It is prohibited to bury corpses without the permission of the police. 73. It is prohibited to exhume corpses, or to open any tomb before one year shall have elapsed since the burial of a corpse therein, without the permission of the police. 74. Except in cases of absolute necessity, the police shall not issue the permission for the burial of corpses before twenty-four hours shall have elapsed since death took place. 75. It is prohibited to bury corpses in any cemetery situate in any place in which the police shall have prohibited burials, and without making use of those sanitary precautions which may be prescribed by the police. 78. The head of the Civil Government is empowered to make regulations in all matters respecting the extent, position, and formation of cemeteries, the manner of burying corpses, and the general police of such places. 81. It is the duty of every person to whom the officer indicated in article 80 may have provided water, to assure himself that the cistern in which the water is to be contained, and the conduits or tubes through which it must pass, be not broken or damaged in any such way that the water supplied may be in any quantity wasted. 82. Every persons shall avoid causing, by his negligence, the opening, breaking, or damaging of any lock, earthen pipe, tube, door, or other appurtenance of any reservoir, or other receptacle of public water, or the waste of such water in any other manner. 83. Every person shall avoid causing, by his negligence, any manure, mud, or other noxious or offensive things to be introduced into the fountains, aqueducts, or other places destined for the preservation of the public water ; or putrid waters or other offensive matters to percolate into them from sewers, drains, or other places ; or the public water to be in any other way rendered foul or unwholesome. 84. It is prohibited to wash animals, clothes, or other things in, or to let animals drink from, fountains in which it is not specially permitted so to do, or to bathe or wash in any fountain or other receptacle destined for the preservation of public waters or for a. public watercourse. 86. Every keeper of a slaughter-house shall main tain the same in a wholesome state, and remove the filth therefrom at least once in every twenty-four hours. 87. The head of the Civil Government is empowered to make regulations in regard to the grant of licences, and the registry and inspection of slaughterhouses. 89. It is prohibited within the limits of the cities of Valetta, Vittoriosa, Cospicua, and Senglea to slaughter or cause to be slaughtered any animals of the kind mentioned in the said tariff, in any other place than the slaughter-houses, without a licence from the police. 91. No person shall neglect to cause to be interred beyond the limits of any inhabited place, within twenty-four hours, the carcase of any animal belonging to the same, which might otherwise cause prejudice to the public health or annoyance to the neighbourhood. 92. The head of the Civil Government is empowered to make regulations for the purpose of prohibiting, ordering, or regulating the removal from one place to another of animals, meat, skins, horns, or other parts of animals, or of straw, hay, or other articles, which might probably infect the atmosphere, and cause the spread of contagious disease ; for the purpose of purifying the stalls, or other places in which animals may be kept ; for the object of arranging the way in which animals which may die in a state of sickness should be disposed of; and also for the purpose of ordering that the appearance of any disease amongst animals be reported. 95. It shall be lawful for any person to destroy any dog or other animal which may be found in the street, and may be reasonably suspected of being attacked with hydrophobia, or of having been bitten by a dog or other animal reasonably suspected of being attacked with hydrophobia. 110. It is prohibited to expose fo~r sale any meat or fish which may be unfit for human food. 111. Any officer of police is empowered to enter into any place kept or used for the preservation or sale of meat or fish, and to search whether there exists therein any meat or fish unfit for human food ; and if any be found therein, it is competent to the Court to order the same to be destroyed, or to be disposed of in any other way, so as to prevent its being used for human food. 112. Every shopkeeper shall keep in a clean and wholesome state both the interior of the shop and the external space around the shop within reasonable limit to be fixed by the police. 115. It shall be lawful for the head of the Civil Government to make regulations for the better discovery of any fraudulent practices, and for the preservation of good order and cleanliness in the markets. 116. It is prohibited to exercise the trade of baker, maker of bread, or miller without a licence from the police. 165. It is prohibited to leave in the ports or on the moles any merchandise or other rotten or unwholesome thing which might be prejudicial to the public health, or give rise to a nuisance. 219. No passage boat shall, without a permit from the officer appointed by the said superintendent, approach any vessel before she' be admitted to pratique. Bb 2 190 APPENDIX TO REPORT No. XXV. Attacks and Deaths from Diarrhcea and Cholera among Men, Women, and Children of different Corps, in all Classes of Quarters, during the Epidemic of 18(35. I Men. Women. Children. Barrack, Quarters, and Corps. Diarrhoea. \ Cholera. Diarrhcea. Cholera. Diarrhoea. Cholera. __ i Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases, i Deaths. Cases, i Deaths. Cases. ' Deaths. j Cases. Deaths. , Jl | ' 1 i ___ |_ | I ~~r~ "~ I j ; i ~ Royal Artillery. Plague Hospital - -— — 1 —j— — 2 | 2 1 1I 2 2 St. Salvatore Counterguard — — | — — — — 8 3 > — — jl 1 St. Salvatore Tents -____ i ______ _2 — 3 — Fort Tigne - -5 — 2 2— ———!——— — Upper St. Elmo. - - 31 — 5 2 1 — 1 — ! — — — — Marsamuscetto - -8 — 3 2 — — j — — — — 1 1 St. James' Cavalier 7 3 2 1 — 1 1 1 — — Fort St. -Angelo - -6 — 1 — — —; — —j — — — — Fort Ricasoli - -8 — — — — — — — | — — — — Fort St. Salvatore -11 — 2 2— — — — — — — — In hired Quarters - -2 — 1 l — — — —jl 1 — — 2nd Batt. 4th Regiment. Floriana Barrack - -16 3 5 4 — — — — I — — — — Floriana Encampment -44 — 13 9 — — — — I — — — — Notre Dame Ravelin -2 — — — — — 1 12 2— — Left Horn Work - -' — — 4 33 — 6 44 2 — — School Master's Quarters, — — — — 1 — — — j — — — — Floriana. I ! ! 2nd Batt. Bth Regiment. Pembroke Camp --32 43— 212233 Fort Manoel - -7 — — — 2 — j — — 1 — — — Forrest Hospital - - — — 1 1 — — ! — — — — j — — Garrison Hospital - -— — 1 1 — — j — — — — j — — Plague Hospital - -_ — — — 1 — — — — —j — — Quarters in Strada Mercanti — — — — — — 1 1 — — 3 2 ! I ! I 84th Regiment. Fort Verdala - -I 51 — 12 7 2 — 1 1 9 1 i — — Married Qts., Polverista - — — 2 115 — 2 2 17 8 1 1 Notre Dame Bastion - — — — — — — — — — — 2 2 Pembroke Camp - -8 — — —| — — — — — — — — Zeitun Gate - - — — — — I — — 1 1— — 2 2 Zabbar Gate - -— ~ — — 1 — — — X | 1 — — Upper Vittoriosa Hospital 1 — 4 3 — — — — 2 — — — Sanitarium, Citta Vecchia — — 2 2 — — — — — — — — I Royal Engineers. St. Francis, Floriana -10 1 — — — — i — —J — — — — . Ist Batt. 22nd Regiment. St. Franceso de Paola -2 — 3 1] — — — — — — — St. John's Curtain - — — 2 22 — — 2 — 2 2 Isola Gate - - — — 3 2 — — — - — — — — Polverista Barrack - — — 3 l! — — — — — — — Burmola Curtain - - — — 1 11 — 3 22 — — — St. Nicholas Bastion - — — — — — 1 1 — — — — St. Francis, Floriana - — — — — — 1 1 — — — — Inquisitors Palace - — — — 1 — — — — — — — Officers' Quarters, Isola Gate — — 1 1 — — — — — — — — Lower Vittoriosa Hospital - — — 1 l — — — — — — — — 29th Regiment. Fort Ricasoli - -54 658-— 66 27 833 Pembroke Camp - -29 — 7 6— — 1 12 21 1 Zabbar Gate - -11 — — — — — — — — — — — Salvatore - - -1 — — — — — — — — — — — . Cottonera - - - — — — — — — 2 2 — — — Vittoriosa Hospital - — — 2 2 — — — — — — — — • Forrest Hospital - - — — , 2 2— — — — — — — 191 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Attacks and Deaths from Diarrhoea and Cholera among Men, Women, and Children of different Corps, &c. — continued. Men. Women. Children. Barrack, Quarters, and Corps. Diarrhoea. Cholera. Diarrhoea. Cholera. Diarrhoea. Cholera. Cases. : Deaths. Cases. ' Deaths. I Cases. ! Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. i i i i i 100 th Regiment. Lower St. Elmo - - 26 — 12 <) 2 — ! — — 2 1 1 — Prison and Cells - -1 — 1 1 — — i — — — — — — Encampment, Fort Manoel 48 — 6 5! — — I — — — — — — St. Michael's Guard - — — 1 1 — — < — — — — — — Crown Work - -5 _ _j „ 2 — 1 1|- — — Horn Work - ______ 3— 1 l 1 _ _ __ Pembroke Camp - -1 — — — I — — 1 1 — — — — Garrison Hospital -2 — ฆ 2 2J — — — — 1 — — — ฆ Auberge de Baviere -2 — — — i — — ฆ — — — — — — Sliema - - - — — — — — — 1 — — — 1 — I Army Hospital Corps. Gateway, Notabile - — — — — j — — 1 1 — — — — Tower, Notabile - - —j — —j — | — — ] — — — — — i I ! Royal Malta Fencible \ Artillery. Lascaris - - - 44 — 8 4 — — — — ! — — —j — Couvre Porte - 8 — 1 — — — — — i — — — — St. Elena - - - 12 — — — !— j — .—| — | — —j — — Quarters in Cities - -4 — — ! — j — — — — | — — — — ! i J !_ L___J . No. XXVI. List of Sanitary Services executed in each Barrack and Hospital in Malta and Gozo from the Ist June 1863 to the Ist June 1865. Name of Barrack and Hospital. Nature and Extent of Sanitary Services executed. General Hospital Long Ward. — Ten additional windows inserted, 35 inlets for fresh air made in the side walls, and seven Muir's ventilators inserted in the roof. Five cross walls removed, thi*ee built, opening at end. of ward enlarged, and sash inserted. Ward 41. — Artillery surgery and adjoining rooms and ward over surgery, three windows inserted and 10 enlarged. 21 inlets for air made, two Mules' ventilators inserted. Partition walls removed und archways formed so as to convert two small rooms and a closet into an airy apartment. Wards on North Side Upper Floor. — Ten windows enlarged and cut down. Additional door windows inserted, useless partition removed, 22 air inlets, and five Muir's ventilators inserted. Wards on South Side Upper Floor. — One window enlarged, six inserted, seven air-inlets made, and four of Muir's ventilators fixed. Latrines. — Surgeons' watercloset fitted with English apparatus. Women's latrine reconstructed, water laid on. Watercloset constructed for the gatekeeper, guard, and officers' servants. Ward 22. — Window space enlarged and ward ventilated. Royal Ward. — A covered barracca or day room constructed outside the ward. Barrack Rooms generally and Cells. — The ventilation improved by the provision of inlets and extraction shafts, and by the enlarging and glazing of all the window openings. UrrEtt St. Elmo Ablution Room. — Cistern connected with aqueduct. Three baths and fcotpans fixed in the room adjoining. Canteen. — Windows enlarged, inlet and extraction shafts provided. Lower St. Elmo Latrines. — Patent apparatus provided. Soldiers' Rooms. — Area space formed and ventilation shafts constructed. Bb 3 192 APPENDIX TO REPORT List of Sanitary Services executed in each Barrack and Hospital in Malta — continued. Name of Barrack and Hospital. ' Nature and Extent of Sanitary Services executed. Military Prison - - Cook-House enlarged and ventilated. Cells — Four paved with hard stone. Ablution Room. — Floored in hard stone, patent washing range inserted. Latrine. — Patent apparatus fixed, two urinals fixed. Drainage. — Latrines, cook-house, ablution-room, and urinals connected with Auberge de Castile - Waterclosets and urinals for officers and servants provided. Lascaris Barracks - Latrine constructed on Macfarlane's principle and water laid on. The upper level drained. Floriana Barracks - Rooms under Civil Hospital ventilated and lighted. Pavilion. — Proper water-closets provided for the officers and servants. St. Francis Barracks - Rooms generally. — The window space increased and the ventilation improved. ฆ Large window provided in room 5. Rooms 9, 10, 11 made into one by the removal of the partitions. Guard room and cells ventilated. Married Drainage. — Carried to the sea. Latrine. — Jennings' latrine fixed in married quarters and drained into main drain. Fort Manoel - - Ventilation. — All the rooms under Misida Cavalier and the barrack rooms on each side of the parade ventilated. An open drain from the Lazzaretto covered in. Pembroke Camp - - Constructing a filtering tank. Constructing two porches, Nos. 6 and 7, Soldiers' rooms fitting with wash-hand basins and night urinals. Citta Vecchia Sanitarium Wards. — Ventilated and a verandah erected. Fort Rioasoli - - Ventilation. — Rooms 1 to 12, canteen, and cells, ventilated with inlets and extraction shafts. Wall in front of barrack rooms removed. Bighi front ventilated. Drainage. — Sewage conveyed direct to the sea. Water Supply. — Tank No. 7 connected with aqueduct. Force pump fixed over Nos. 6 and 13 tanks and near latrines. Cisterns constructed and pipes fixed to supply the ablution rooms, cook-house, and latrines with water. Ablution Rooms. — Limestore converted into an ablution room, and with thซ other ablution rooms provided with Macfarlane's fitments. Latrines. — Provided with improved apparatus and urinals. St. Ang-elo - Drainage. — Outlets altered to convey the sewage to the sea. Fort Saltatore - - Ventilation. — Soldiers' rooms ventilated. Embrazures opened in Nos. 1 and 10 rooms and windows in 6 and 8 rooms. Intermediate floor removed in 1 i > Water Supply. — Tank connected with aqueduct. Force pump fixed to tank 43. Cistern constructed, and water laid on to cook-house, ablution room, and latrines. Married quarters supplied from tank 42. Latrines. — Fitted with improved apparatus. Polverista Barrack - Ventilation. — Inlets and extraction shafts constructed in the rooms generally. Drainage. — Latrines, ablution room, and cook-house drained into the main drain. Water Supply. — Cistern constructed and force pump provided, and water laid on to the ablution room, cook-house, and latrines. Ablution Room. — Properly fitted up. Macfarlane's apparatus. Latrines provided with improved apparatus and urinals. Isola Barracks - - Ventilation and light improved. Edward W. Durnford, Colonel, 193 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXVll.— Showing the Vessels placed in Quarantine, and Persons landed at the Lazzaretto at Malta, on account of suspected Cholera, between the Ist August 1865, and the date at which Quarantine on account of Cholera was finally discontinued. i- S • 111 Cases revived from each Ship Cases occurring in Quarantine. h ง efts into the Lazzaretto. ฐ Date of Arrival. Name of Ship. | POrt cTe h ared? laSt ||| |"fS Diarrhoea. Cholera. Diarrhoea. Cholera. g J; fc Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths-. I 1865. August 1 " Lybia " 1,044 Alexandria 7 22 — — — — „ 3 " Quintus " - - 448 Constantinople 7 — — — — — — „ 4 " Samanut - - — Alexandria 12 1 One case of — — — — — Diarrhoea. I „ 10 "Mary Ann" - 319 Constantinople 7 3 — — — — — „ 11 "Massilia" - - 1,308 Alexandria -7 3 — __ __ „ 11 " City of Durham " 370 Constantinople 7 10 — — — — — „ 11 '< Virginia " - - 545 Do. 7 i _ — — _ — — — „ 14 " Isis " - 1,430 Alexandria -7 10— "i~~ ~~ ~ • „ 14 " Pera " - - 1,373 Marseilles - 10 15 — — — — — '• ~ „ 16 " Annie Duncan "- 223 Smyrna - 20 1 — ~- — — — „ 17 " Syria " - - 1,308 Alexandria -10 3 — — __ _ — „ 20 "Asie" 467 Do. 10 11 — — _ _ _ — „ 21 "Saida" - - 1,107 Do. 10 15 — — — — — „ 22 ซ Memnon " 927 Do. - 10 2 — — — — — „ 22 " Presidente " ฆ 194 Constantinople 20 9 — — — — — — — „ 22 " Massilia " - - 1,308 Marseilles 10 10 — — — — — — — „ 23 "Rose" - - 295 Constantinople 20 6 — __ _— _-. — „ 23 " Tertius " - - 357 Do. 20 4 _____—— — „ 23 " Evangelistria " - 218 Do. 20 8 — — — — — — — „ 25 " Paraguay " - 1,210 Do. 20 19 __—_—— — ~ „ 28 "DioAdelfi" - 293 Do. 20 1 — — — — — — — „ 28 " Assyrien " - 510 Alexandria - 10 1 — — — — — „ 30 " Syria " - - 1,308 Marseilles -10 1 — — — __ — — ' September 1 "Delta" - - 1,308 Alexandria - 10 3 — — — — — — — „ 3 " Robert Stevenson" 295 Constantinople 20 2 — . — — — — — — 6 " Thebes " - - 1,732 Alexandria 10 16 — — — — — -^ 6 "Shearwater" - 569 Do. - 10 1 — — — — — — — „ 8 "Adalia" - - 1,022 Do. 10 15 — — — — — — — 8 "Nyanza" - - 2,000 Marseilles -12 7 — — — — — — — — 9 " Vectis " — Alexandria -10 8 — — — — — — — — „ 10 " Asie " - - 477 Marseilles - 10 2 One case of — — — — Diarrhoea. „ 10 " Syria " 1,308 Alexandria -10 1— — — — — _— — „ 10 "Ceylon" - - 1,307 Do. - 10 1 — _ _ _ — 11" Elena " • 200 Constantinople 20 1 One case of — — — — — — Diarrhoea. „ 11 "Adelfotis" - 289 Do. 2 0 1 ——————— — 11 "Caradoc" - — Do. 2 0 1 ——————— — „ 13 " Luxor " 1,212 Alexandria -10 8 — — — — — — — — „ 13 " Independence " - 134 Constantinople 20 1 One case of — — — — — Diarrhoea. „ 16 "Massilia" - - 1,308 Marseilles -10 4— — — — — — — — „ 18 " Cavalier Baumgar 340 Constantinople 20 8— — — __ ____ tino." „ 19 " Behera " - - 1,142 Alexandria - 10 22 One case of — — — — — Diarrhoea. 22 " Syria " 1,308 Marseilles -10 l_ — — — — _ _ _ 24 "Dido" - - 1,125 Alexandria -10 7 — — — __ __ _ ' 25 "Ripon" - - 1,308 Do. - 10 1 — — — — — — — — 27 " Majestic - 344 Do. 10 11 — — — — — — „ 28 " Arcadia " - - 740 Do. - 10 9 — — — — — — — 28 " Evangelistria" - 325 Constantinople 20 1 — — — — — — — — "„ 29 " Giov. Avierius " - 281 Do. 20 1 _____—— — „ 30 " Christina " - - 692 Alexandria -10 2— __ __ — __ _ October 1 " Poonah " - - 1,308 Marseilles -10 4 — — — — — — — — 1 " Assurance " - — Constantinople 20 4 — — — — — — 3 "Sultanya"- - 177 Algiers - 20 10 — — — — — — 5 " Tanjore " - - 2,100 Alexandria -10 1 — — — — — — — — 6 " Giptis " - - 613 Marseilles - 10 4 — — — — — — — — „ 7 "La Plata"- - 1,005 Smyrna 20 10 — — — — — — 8 "Ripon" - - 1,308 Marseilles - 10 5 — — — ฆ — — — — — 8 " Junon " - . - 649 Alexandria -10 9 — — — — — — — — 8 " Feliz Unias " - 322 Constantinople 20 1 — — — — — — — — 10 " Isis " - 1,436 Alexandria -110 — — — — — — — — „ 11 "Mongolia" - 1,946 Do. -8 2— — — _— — — — „ 13 " Amalia " - - 1,284 Do. -6 1— ___ __ _— — „ 14 " Tanjore " - - 2,100 Marseilles -10 3— — _ — — — — „ 17 " Ripon " 1,308 Alexandria -3 1 — — — — — — — — „ 22 "Mongolia" - 1,946 Marseilles - 10 2 — — — — — — — — , „ 26 " Junon " - - 649 Do. - 10 8 One case of — — — — — — ; Diarrhoea. October 27 " Assyrien " - - 515 Do. - 10 2 — — — — — — — — „ 28 "Syria" - - 1,308 Gibraltar .3 23— __ z- — — — — „ 30 "Pera" - - 1,373 Marseilles - 7 6 — — — — — _. . — — November 2 "Psyche" - i - — Naples - 10 7 — — .— — — — — — „ 5 " Italian " - - 1,560 Alexandria -10 36— — — — — — — — Bb 4 • 194 APPENDIX TO REPORT P XXVII. — Showing the Vessels placed in Quarantine and Persons landing at the Lazzaretto at Malta, &c— continued. I | S o I !|! I 1 * Cases occurrh* in Quarantine. i j =w^-3 ! 'g-Ss j - T)itn of Arrival n... .ป aiiin p ' Port whence last i 2"S i ti'S a uatoolAmval. ]\amo of Ship. & cleared. 5.12 B*ฃ Diarrhoea. Cholera. Diarrhoea. Cholera. c -^2 > , I _ i g gฎ & gg _g E-i ฆ ! ฃ;w; w '*' & '" j Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. - ( • 1865. „ 7 "Pera" - - 1,373 Alexandria -7 3 -- _:_!__ — — _ _ „ 8 " Delta " - - 1,308 Marseilles - 7 15 — — ฆ — ' — — — — — ? 111" Island Queen " - i 257 Alexandria - 10 1. — — — i — — \ — — ฆ*- ? 14 " Nyanza " - - j 2,000 Marseilles -7 8 — — _"— _j__ — _ „ 20 " Europa " - - I 713 Do. - , 5 26 — — | — — — j — — — „ 21 " Gyptis " - - 613 Do. 4 13 — — — — — — „ 22 " Syria " - - 1,308 Do. - 5 4 — — — — — — „ 27 " Dido " - - 1,125 Alexandria - i 5 1 — — ฆ— — — — „ 28 "Palestine"- - j 936 Smyrna -10 2— — — __ __ „ 30 "Saida" - - j 1,109 Alexandria 7 43 — — — — — — — — „ 30 " Ripon " - | 1,308 Do. -4 5 — — — — — — — — December 2 " Massilia " - - 1,308 Marseilles - 4 5 — -- — — — — — „ 3 " Ang. Eaffaele " - ! 46 Vietri -10 1 | - ____ __ __ _ „ 3 ซ Sesostris " - - 1,607 Alexandria 7 82 — — — — — — „ 4 "Assyrien"- - 510 Marseilles -1 6 — — — — — — — — „ 4 "Kars" — Constantinople 7 3— __— __ __ _ „ 4 " Algerie " - - 429 Marseilles -3 1 — — — — — — — — „ 6 "Ulisse" - - 32 Castellamare - 10 1— — — — — — — „ 7 "Niphon" - - 650 Alexandria -3 1— — — _— __ — „ 8 "Gyptis" 613 Do. 3 20 — — — — — — — — „ 9 "Poonah" - - 1,308 Marseilles -4 8— — — — — — — — (Signed) \ Wm. Hoseason, Port Department, Malta, Superintendent of the Ports. List of Vessels arrived in Quarantine at Malta from Ports affected or suspected of Cholera (not landing Passengers) between August Ist 1865, and the date at which Quarantine on account of Cholera was finally discontinued. r " ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~" : ~r~ ~ ~ ฆ t~~ ฆ i ฆ r I 'XTX T 1 P KEMAEKS. Date of Arrival. Name of Ship. taa^J Port whoneo cleared. *SSta* Nl gwฐ f '^K^b^S*^ I Quarantine. | in Quarantine. 1865. August 1 - "Pera" ฆ - - 1,370 Alexandria 1 128 „ 1 - "Poonah" - - 1,308 „ 1 135 „ 3 - "Byzantine" - - 516 „ - - 2 42. „ 4 - " Palestine " - 936 Smyrna - 1 55, „ 4 - " Irabulus Garb " - 218 Alexandria - 2 18 „ 5 - "Porto Salvo" - - 108 Constantinople 7 14 „ 6 - " Mari A. Vagliano " - 298 „ - - 7 13 „ 6 - "Benedetto" 246 „ 7 11 „ 6 - "Baharia" - - 177 Gibraltar 18 3 „ 7 - "Arabian" - - 1,695 Alexandria 1 37 „ 7 - "Ida" - - - 370 Constantinople - 2 13 ? 10- " Ant. Avierino " 219 „ 7 10 „ 11 - "Sincere" - - 142 Alexandria 1 8 „ 11 - "Ripon" - - 1,308 „ 1 112 „ 11 - " Gio. Batta Revello " - 189 Constantinople - - 7 11 „ 14 - "Kedar" - - 1,213 Alexandria 1 56 „ 14 - "Constance" - - 422 „ - 1 21 „ 15 - "Jarrow" 414 „ 1 18 „ 15 - " Thessaglia " - - 794 Smyrna 1 39 _ „ 15- "Due Parenti" - - 273 Constantinople 3 13. „ 16 - "Cairo" 995 „ 1 30 „ 16 - "Emil" - - 172 Alexandria - - 10 8 „ 17 - " Roussan Bahri " - 154 Marseilles 10 11 „ 17 - "Persian" - - 1,770 Alexandria I 39 „ 18 - "Euxine" - - 1,165 „ 1 84 „ 18 - "Aurora" - - 249 Smyrna - 2 U „ 18 - "Aleppo" - - 1,458 Constantinople 1 55 „ 19 - "Nuova Assunta" - 125 Alexandria 2 9. „ 19 - " Panaja Ipapandi " - 265 Constantinople - - 20 ll „ 20 - "Octavia" - - 678 Gibraltar - 1 54 „ 20 - ซ,ป — 11 - "JVlemnon" - - 927 Alexandria . -ฆ. i j? 12- "Junon" 649 9 22 i 13- "Danube" - - 942 „ 1 3 ? ~ฃ 14- "Ma del Carmine" - 46 Castellamare " " ?8 * 14- "Sn. Paolo" - - 34 „ - ™ 7 — i 14- "Anna" - - 435 Trieste - | ™ 14 15 - "Trowbridge" - - 1,093 „ - "1,1 ซ 15- "S. Ma. di Porto Saloo" 50 Vietri : - "1 V mo 17 - "Massilia" - - 1,308 Alexandria J Jซป 17- "Delta"- - - 1,308 „ - " \ W ฐ 17- "S. Vo. Ferreri" - 65 Vietri ;.*P ป 18 - "Vasilifs" - - 173 Marseilles " " o a I,' 19- "IreSorelle" - - 98 Trieste - " 7 37 21 - "Algerie" - - 400 Alexandria - } ซ 21- "Dalmatian" - - 1,692 ] 3 * 21 - "Mentor" - - 499 Messina - - - 4 19 " 22- "Milan" - - 736 Smyrna- - } i?I j 22- "Poonah" - - 1,308 Alexandria -....- l f " 23- "Demetrius" - - 418 „ } f 23 - "Nyanza" - - 2,000 „ " " ' o il 23- "Giovannis" - - 371 Torre Annunta - - 8 14 26 "Thebes" - - 1,732 Alexandria - - 1 ** 26- "Caradoc" - - — Marseilles - "if H 27 - I "America" - - 984 Alexandria - i December 3 - | "Arcadia" 740 J 36 — i; 6- "Gedda" - - 185 Marseilles - }J J ~ 1 6 - "Attivo" - - 105 Trieste }0 8 — 7 - "Immacolata" - - 97 Castellamare - 10 9 7 - "Alfa" - - - 123 Trieste - - - 10 7 8 - "Phenicien" - - 400 Mersina - - - I 9 - "Peruvian" - - 1,713 Alexandria - - 2 ol 10- "Amalia" - - 1,284 „ . - - J 4 ป 10 - "S. Vzo. Terreri " - 77 Naples ซ - " , OoO o 12- "Stromboli" - - 280 Marseilles \ 1A 12- ซGio. Attilio" - - 79 Trieste - - ~ 10 . I 13- "S.Antonio" - - 52 Salerno- .-. ฆ ?,•. ] A ป 15- "N. Sa. della Prov. La" 103 Tripoli di Sona - 17- "Ang. Eaffaele" - 69 Salerno- - 10 ป 24 - "Milano" - - 312 Naples } jj „ 28 - "Milano" - - 312 Messina - - - i <ซ Return of the Vessels, Crews, and Passengers arriving in Quarantine from places infected with Cholera from Ist January to 31st December 1866. Passengers Landed Number in the " Lazzaretto." Remabks. _ . . , ofDaysin Number V^^ฐ{ Name ofVessel. Tonnage. From whence. "Quaran- of Crew. Days in n ? h a ™ฐ r tine " Number. "Quarantine." 1866. , a OQ ___ March 13 - "Milo" - 637 Alexandria * f ~ 15 - " Dido" - - - 1,125 - - J J2 2. July 3 - " Ghizek " - - 84 Liverpool - - . a i^ 3- "Lacoima" 782 „ - - - 2 65 5- "Atfith" 84 ซ ~ "" 20- "Euxene" - - 613 Marseilles .-.;.. 4 39 3 15 22- "Pera" - - 1,373 . . - 1 12J 6 15 25- "Demetrius"- - 418 Liverpool ฆ'ฆฆ-ฃ t 26- "Peppina" - H4 MarseUles 15 ซ „ 28 - " Imperatore Dio- 242 Liverpool ป i" clezano." . 10/1 A ,- , 29 - " Tanjore " - 2,100 Southampton - - 1 I^* * „ 29- "Suez" - - 337 Liverpool - - JJ — , 30 - " Nyanza " - - 2,000 Marseilles - - 1 H4 — . Table XXVII. — Return of the Vessels, Crews, and Passengers arriving in Quarantine, &c. — continued. Number j in the " Lazzaretto." Remarks A ) rH™f Name of Vessel. Tonnage. Prom whence. ?& Row! " Cases of Cholera or Arrival. 4^ซซ >* AJatya 111 TKai'rhrwn Jiro tlne - Number. "Quaran- diarrhoea, &c. tine." August 1 - "Behera" - - 1,142 Alexandria 1 39 — — 1 - " Egyptian " - - 1,689 Liverpool - - 2 38 — — 1 - "Pera"- - - 1,373 Alexandria 1 124 -~ — 3 - ซ Tiber " - - 980 Cardiff - - - 1 30 — — " 3 - "Margaret" - - 314 Sunderland - - 2 11 — — 4 - "Isis" - 1,436 Liverpool . - 1 43 — — 5 - " Adalia " - - 1,026 1 34 — — 5 - " Eobin Hood " - 26 Gibraltar . - 2 — — 5- "Poonah" - - 1,308 Southampton - - 2 125 — — 6 - " Hellenis " - - 603 London - - - 3 — — 7- "Delta" - - 1,308 I Marseilles - - 1 109 — — 8- "Atlas" - - 1,219 f Liverpool - - 1 57 1 19 One case of diarrhoea. 8- "Asia" - - 923 Cardiff - - - 5 40 — — 10 - "Erme" - - 206 Liverpool - - 1 10 — — 11 - "Trontes" - - 538 „ - - - 6 30 2 9 12- "Hector" - - 1,295 Sunderland - - 8 32 — — — ~ 12 - " Gustav Pastor" - 484 Antwerp - - 15 22 — — 12 - " Fanny Lambert " ฆฆ 536 Cardiff 6 21 — — 13 - " Syria" - - 1,308 Southampton - 1 109 1 15 13 - "Viesus" - - 205 Bouc ... 15 8 — — 14 _ "Lybia" - - 1,044 Constantinople - 3 34 — — 14 - "Ceylon" - - 1,308 Marseilles - 2 121 5 15 15 - "Delta" - - 1,308 Alexandria - - 2 109 1 ',] 16- "Poonah" - - 1,308 „ - - - 1 125 2 7 16 - " Livonia " 8?2 Constantinople - 4 27 — — ", 18- "Lady Derby" - 436 „ - - 1 . 17 — — * 18 - " Thessalia" - - 794 Liverpool 2 36 — — ? 18 - "Tachta" - - 139 „ - - - 4 11 — — 18 - " B.L. No. 675 " - 135 Algiers 15 12 — — 20 - " Sabaina " - 643 Falmouth - - 6 24 — ฆ — 20 - "China" - - 1,340 Southampton - 3 123 5 15 21 - " Syria" - - 1,308 Alexandria - - I 109 — — " 21 - " Theban " - - 436 Glasgow - - - 3 20 — — 21 - "Euxene" - - 613 Marseilles - - 1 38 3 15 21 - "Danube" - ' - 994 Liverpool - 4 I 29 — — 21- "Agia Sofia"- - 977 „ - - - 4 39 — — 21- "Saida" - - 1,109 2 38 — — 22- " West of England" 490 Cardiff 1 22 — — 22 - " Grecian" - - 1,555 Liverpool 4 38 — 23 - "Tanjore" - - 2,100 Marseilles 2 124 — — 23 - "Ceylon" •ฆ - 1,308 Alexandria -- 2 121 — — 23- " Coumoundouros " - 764 Constantinople - 4 31 14 5 23- "KadiKeni"- - 160 Plymouth 3 19 — — 23 - " Arcadia " - - 740 Liverpool 2 38 — — ฆ 24- "Corinthia" - - i 413 New Port 8 13 — — 24 - " Eden " - - 343 Sunderland - - 2 10 — — 24 - " Onward" - - 161 New Port] - - 15 8 — — „ 25 - " DivinaProvidenza " 55 Castellamare di Na- 15 — — poli. „ 25 - "Zealous" - - 292 Cardiff 13 10 — — 25 - " Evangelistria " - 424 Newcastle - - 4 12 — — — — M 26 - " Bernia Carboga " - 268 Liverpool - - 15 10 — — . 27 - " Tasso" - - 598 Alexandria 1 21 — 28- "Parana" "- - 1,096 Constantinople 2 35 9 5 28 - " Ottavia" - - 369 Cardiff 15 14 — — 28 - "Dalmatian"- - 1,692 Smyrna 2 38 14 3 28 - "Odessa" - - 1,457 London 3 53 — — 29- "Surat" - - 1,528 Southampton - 2 138 10 15 29 - " Palestine " - - 936 Liverpool 1 54 — — 28 - " Garabaldi" - - 489 Swansea 15 14 — — 29 - " China" - - 1,340 Alexandria 1 123 8 29- "Industry" - - 211 Cardiff 11 9 — — 29 - " Amine Couvrie" - 356 Shields - - - 9 12 — — 30 - " Rosetta " 747 Liverpool - - 1 30 — — 30 - "Tanjore" - - 2,100 Alexandria - - 2 124 — — 31 - "Catarina" - - 233 Constantinople 2 9 — — September 1 - "Poonah" - - 1,308 Marseilles 1 125 1 15 1 - "Paraguay" - - 1,210 London 5 35 — — 1 - " Mansour " - - — Alexandria - 3 330 — — ฆ 2 - " Tyne Queen" - 539 Sulina --ซ.- 2 27 — — 2 - " Egyptian " - - 374 Marseilles 1 34 2 15 2- "Mancolia" - - 427 Carlisle 2 14 — — 3 - " Phaician" - - 436 Glasgow and Tunis - 1 20 3 15 4- "Aspirant" - - 361 Shields - - - 3 12 — — 4 - "Pomona" - - 112 Vlaardingen 1 7 — — 4 . " Cometa Donati " - 58 Bona 15 7 29 15 5- " John Fenwick " - 575 Taganrog - - 2 22 — — 5- "Sesostris" - - 1,607 Liverpool 1 42 — — 5 - "Massilia" - - 1,308 Southampton - - 1 106 6 15 5- "S.Paolo" - - 37 Castellamare - - 15 8 — — ' t 5 - " Despina " 85 Constantinople - 5 6 — — 5 - " Laconia" - - 782 Liverpool 3 40 — — — — ,', 5- "Milan" 736 „ - - 3 30 — — 6 - " Cairo " 995 3 32 — — 7 - "FreFratelli" - 184 Genoa - - 2 9 1 13 7 - "Syria" - - 1,308 Marseilles -I 1 i 109 5 15 | Cc 2 197 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. 198 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XXVII Return of the Vessels, Crews, and Passengers arriving in Quarantine, &c— continued. Passengers Landed Number in the " Lazzaretto." Remakes. ?, a Jf,ฐi f Name of Vessel. Tonnage. From whence. "Quaran- ofCrew? " TlQ , ro . Cases of Cholera or Ari 1\ 111. jr. if i/ays 111 "niovrhmn Jim ! tlne - Number. "Quaran- IHarrnoea, &c. tine." 1866. SeptemberB- "Byzantine"- - 514 Marseilles - - 15 39 — — — — 8- "Peppina" - - 294 Genoa - - - — 11 — — Refused admittance into harbour, having a case of cholera on board. 8 - "Miceli" - - 137 Constantinople - 5 9 — — „ 10 - " Surat" - - 1,528 Alexandria - 1 132 — — „ 10- "Assunta" - - 563 Odessa - 5 18 j — — „ 11 - "Poonah" - - 1,308 Alexandria - 1 185 — — „ 11 - "Azzopardi"- - 254 Marseilles - - 15 11 — — „ 11 - "S.Nicola" - - 404 Constantinople - 5 18 — — „ 12 - "Egyptian" - - 1,689 Smyrna - - - 1 38 9 8 „ 12 - "Adela" • - 227 London 15 10 — „ 12- "Sefora" - - 266 Cardiff - - - 15 12 — „ 12- "Fieres" - - 352 „ - - - 15 13 . — — ฆ „ 12- "Virginia" - - 97 Bona - 18 7 57 15 „ 13- "Ann Mills"- - 335 Cardiff - - - 15 11 — — „ 13- "Camilla" - - 324 „ - - - 14 13 — — „ 13 - "Speculator"- - 364 Shields 14 12 — — „ 13 - "Arianna" - - 353 Cardiff 13 15 — — „ 13 - "Orion" - - 380 Sunderland - - 14 13 — — „ 13- "Shamrock"- - 335 Cardiff - 15 13 „ 13 - " Positive " - - 398 Constantinople 5 10 — — „ 13 - " Tamar" - - 453 Newcastle ... 2 13 — — „ 13- "Phalia" - - 299 Cardiff 14 9 — „ 14- "Pera"- - - 1,373 Southampton 1 124 4 15 ฆ „ 14 - "EarlPowis" - 239 Naples 15 10 — — „ 14- "Elise"- - - 76 Oran 15 — _ „ 14 - " Florence Pope " - 207 Newport - - 13 8 — — „ 14 - "Day" - - - 315 Swansea- 15 10 — — „ 14 - "China" - - 1,340 Marseilles - - 1 123 15 15 „ 15 - "Ada" --- 275 Constantinople - 5 10 — — „ 15 - " Behera" - - 1,142 Liverpool - - 3 38 1 14 „ 15- "Syria" - - 1,308 Alexandria I 109 — — „ 15 - "Massilia" - - 1,308 „ 2 106 — • „ 15- "Emmanuele" - 1,084 Cardiff - 6 21 6 14 „ 16 - " Aspasia " - 275 Constantinople - 5 10 — „ 18 - "Saida" - - 1,109 Alexandria 1 38 — „ 18 - "Atlas" - - 1,219 Smyrna - - - 1 5G — „ 18 - "Battista" - 45 Naples - — 6 — Refused admittance into harbour, having a case of cholera on board. Only supplied with provisions, and proceeded on her voyage. „ 18- "Mercurio" - - 185 Genoa 2 9 3 13 „ 18 - " Stella" - - 314 Constantinople 4 15 — — 18- "ConteSerra" - 228 „ - 5 12 — — „ 19- "Febo"- 383 „ - 5 14 — — „ 19 - " Barbarossa - - 370 Cardiff 15 13 — — „ 19 - " Dapello " - - 300 Constantinople 4 12 — — „ 19 - " Emmanuele " - 226 „ 5 9 — — „ 19 - " Meeting" 447 „ - 4 15 — — „ 19 - "Gelsomina"- - 131 Newcastle - - 7 9 — — „ 19 - "Remo" - - 275 Swansea - - 15 11 — — • „ 20 - " Resistance " - - — Castellamare - - 3 457 — — — „ 19 - "Algeria" - 52 Cagliari 4 6 — — „ 20- "Corriere" - - 140 „ - - - 4 12 — — „ 20- "Syrian" - - 1,014 Liverpool 2 38 1 15 „ 20 - " Ceylon" - - 1,308 Southampton 2 123 13 15 „ 21 - "Christina" - - 692 Liverpool 1 32 — — „ 21 - "Thebes" - - 1,667 „ 1 42 — — „ 21 - "Protis" - - 205 Marseilles 2 23 27 7 „ 21 - "Imonia" - - 165 Constantinople 5 — — „ 21 - " Chiaima" - - 136 Tollonica 7 9 — — „ 22 - " Surat" - - 1,528 Marseilles - - 1 139 5 15 „ 23- "Pera"- - - 1,373 Alexandria 2 125 3 17 „ 24- "China" - - 1,340 „ 1 123 — — „ 24- "Crimea" - - 196 Constantinople 5 8 — — „ 24- "Gyptis" - - 613 Marseilles - - 2 37 — — „ 25 - "Etna"- - - 346 Syracuse - - 2 32 47 15 „ 25 - "Una" - - - 1,006 Smyrna 2 34 10 15 „ 26 - "Thessalia" 794 ? - - - 3 36 3 15 „ 26 - "Guiseppina" - 45 Orrechio di Porco 15 6 — — „ 26 - " Lazareff " - - 1,427 London 2 45 — — „ 26 - "Carmine" - - 384 Constantinople _ 5 14 — — — — „ 26- "Agia Sofia"- - 977 Alexandria 5 39 39 15 „ 27 - "Brenda" - - 601 London 3 30 — „ 27- "S. Natale" - - 26 Trapani - - - 2 6 — — „ 27 - "Angelico" - - 159 Constantinople - 5 7 — — „ 28 • " Concezione" - 38 Siderno 7 10 — — „ 29- "Hector" - - 1,295 Constantinople - 2 32 — — „ 29 - " Giorgio " - - 220 „ - 5 9 — — „ 29- "Ceylon" - -" 1,308 Alexandria - - 1 123 — — 199 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXVll.— Eeturn of the Vessels, Crews, and Passengers arriving in Quarantine, Sic— continued. I Passengers Landed Number in the " Lazzaretto." Remabks. Arrival Name of Vessel. Tonnn 6 e. From whence. S f^ฃ *$$ฃ ~ C ซฃSฐ r tlnc> Number. "Quarantine." 1866. ' . September 29 - "Goffredo" - - 304 Coustanrinople -5 13 l a 29- "Delta" - - 1,308 Southampton - - 1 108 16 15 '' 29- "Santo Padre" - 24 Trapani - - - 14 7 — 29 - " Surat " 1,528 Alexandria " " | 2 132 — — "„ 29 - "Cruiser" - - — Portsmouth - - | 15 175 — „ 29 - "Fortunata" - - 102 Tunis _ ... 10 11 — 30- " AgiaMatronia" - 230 Constantinople -j 5 9 — i 30- "Callispe" - - 234 „ -j 5 10 — — „ 30- " George Mills " - 332 Cardiff - - - j 15 11 — „ 30 - ซ Addolorata" - I 32 Catona - 7 12 — 30 - ซ S.M. di P.S. - 52 Vietri . - - 8 7 — — 30- "Isiris" - - 916 Alexandria - ~ 2 34 15 October 1- "Massilia" - - 1,308 Marseilles - 1 j 106 11 14 1 - "L'Asie" - - 477 „ - - 8 39 1 15 — „ 1 - " Sultan Orkham"-- — Greenock - - 160 — 1 - " Fanny Lambert " - i 536 Constantinople - 21 — 2 - " Milan" - - 736 Smyrna - _ 1 31 3 8 2- "Mary Ann Webb" 333 Cardiff - j 15 14 — — „ 2 - " Sahara" - - 1>073 Liverpool - j 1 36 — — 2 - " Francesco Luca "- j 324 Constantinople - 1 15 2 - "Cephalonia" - 318 „ - 5 13 — — 3- "Asia"- - -| 923 Odessa - - - 2 39 — — — ', 3 - " Sidon" - - j 1.267 Liverpool - ! 4 55 — — 3 - " Euphemia Fullar- 165 Licata _..|l5 9 — — ton." 3 ฆ " Regina Vittoria " - 97 Constantinople - 5 10 — — 3 - " Sovrano" - - 296 „ - 5 14 — — 3- "Urano" - - 180 „ - 5 10 — — 4 - " Veloce" - - I 4 Perranova - - 3 8 4 19 4- "Leonilda" - - 17 Pozzallo - -14 7 — " 4- " Chevalier Kose "- 107 Tunis - ! 6 5 7 10 4 - "Stella" - - 1ฐ Marsamemi - - | 21 6 — 5 - "Due Maine" - 163 Constantinople - ! 5 9 — — 5 - "M. di P.S." - - 39 Pozzallo •ฆ I 8 8 — „ 6- "Addolorata" - 12 Terranova - - ! 7 6 — , 6 - " Emmanuela" - 14 „ - j 6 5 — — 6 - "Atlantic" - - ; I,IH Liverpool - 1 35 — — 6 - "llipon" - - 1,308 Southampton - - ! 1 110 11 15 " 6- "S. S. Crocifisso " - 27 Terranoxa -j 6 6 — — 6 - "S.Maria" - - . 15 Mazzara - - - 1 7 fi — — 6 - " Vincenzino " - j 22 Girgenti - - - 7 5 1 15 6 - " Agregentina " - j 17 Pantalleria 13 6 — — 6 ป "Kosina" - 19 Girgenti- 7 8 — 6 - "S. Catello" - - 17 Siculiana 7 6 — — 6 - "Immacolata" - 15 Scoglietti - _ 7 8 — — 6- "S. Liberata" - 18 „ 7 9 — — 6 - "S. Alberto" - - 19 Trapani - - - 15 | 5 — — 6 - "Flora" - 51 Castellamare - - 15 7 — — 6 - "Speranza" - - 270 Cardiff 5 10 — — 6 - "Nina" - - - 80 JRiposto - - - 3 10 — — 6 - " Madella Consola- 32 Girgenti 7 6 — — zione." 6 - "Aurora" - - 18 Scoglietti - - 6 5 — — 6 - "Carmela" - - 100 Tunis - - - 10 9 _ — 6 - " Peppino Liardo " - 24 Terranova 4 5 — — 7 - "Semiramis"- - 330 Newport- - • 15 11 — — 7.- " Maria Carmela " - 81 Catania - - - j 21 7 — 7 - " Immacolata " - 33 Licata ---16 7 — — 7 - "Onwards" - - 1 188 Girgenti - - - | 2 1 9 — — 7 - "S. Giuseppe " - I 29 Messina - - - 21 9 — — 7 - " Norfolk Hero " - 157 Smyrna 5 7 — 7 - "Angelina" - - I 40 Trapani - - - 21 7 — 7 - "Grecian" - - j 1,555 Smyrna 2 38 — 7 - "Pera" - 1,373 Marseilles - - 1 125 14 15 7 - "S.Giuseppe" - 31 Trapani ---21 7 — — 7 - "S. Giuseppe " - 35 Catona - - - l 2 10 — — 8 - " Addolorata " - 23 Pozzallo ... 6 8 — — ' 7 - "LadyPirie"- ฆ 359 Constantinople - 15 11 — — 7 - "Porto Salvo" - 308 „ „ - 5 14 — — 7 . ซS. M. diP. S." - 39 Cotrone - - - 15 11 — — 8 - "Fortunata" - - 33 Scoglietti 5 7 1 17 8 - " Nuovo Giacinto " - 39 Pozzallo - - - 12 8 — — . 7 - "S. Gaetano" - - ! 8 Augusta- 7 8 — — 7 - "M. del Soccorso " - 8 Sciacca - - - j4 5 — — 7 - "S. Giuseppe - - 26 Pozzallo - - - 8 8 — — 8 - "Union" - - 80 Plymouth 4 12 _ — 8 - "Arabian" - - 1,695 Alexandria - - 2 40 1 15 8 - "S. Giovanni" - 25 Trapani 2l2 l 6 — — 9 - "Demetrius" - - 418 Liverpool - - 1 26 — — ฆ 9 - "Napoli" - - 303 Syracuse- - - 1 36 — — 9 - "Tertius" - - 357 Constantinople 5 13 — — 9 - "Agricola" 278 „ „ - 5 10 — — 9 - " Junon" - - 649- Marseilles 3 38 3 15 9 - "Delta" - - 1,308 Alexandria - - 1 108 5 15 9 - "Mary" - - 210 Constantinople - 5 10 — — *— 9 . "Bechir" — Tunis 5 83 — — Cc 3 APPENDIX TO REPORT 200 Table XXVll.— Return of the Vessels, Crews, and Passengers arriving in Quarantine, &c— continued. Passengers Landed Number in the " Lazzaretto," „.„ . __._ ~ . - m „ , of Day sin Number remarks. Date of Name of Vessel. Tonnage. From whence. "Quaran- of Crew. n ava i n Cases of Cholera or Amval. tine>) , H Daysm_ Diarrhoea, &c. tin 6." October '9 - "Massilia" - - 1,308 Alexandria - - 2 105 6 15 9 - ซ Gustave Pastor." - 612 Constantinople - 2 22 — " 10- "S. Filomena" - 295 ป „ "2 Jo „ 10 - " Giovanni Avieino" 281 ,ป ป - „ 10 - "Giovanna" - - 169 Dardanells - - 8 ' -*• " — 10 - "Sesostris" - - 1,607 Alexandria • - 2 44 1 15 " 10 - " Roma" - - 508 Tunis - - - 3 20 13 10 „ 11 - "Behera" - - 1;142 Alexandria 1 — - „ 11 - "Sicilian" - - 1,014 Liverpool - - 1 38 — „ 11 - "S. Antonio di Pa- 38 Siderus - 11 — — dova." 11 - "Keshid" - - 132 Constantinople - 15 10 '„ 11 - "Orontes" - - 538 Liverpool - - 1 30 12 - " William III," - 533 Texel - - - 2 2b — — 12- "Pennyslvania" - - Belfast - - - 4 97 24th 15 " J Regiment „ 12 - " Enrichetta " - - 278 Constantinople - 5 12 — 13- "La Luna" - - 88 Castellamare - - 15 8 — — „ 13 - "Tanjore" - - 2,100 Southampton 1 122 24 io 13 - "Cerere" - - 269 Constantinople - 4 13 „ 13- " Giuseppe Sgiuppa" 542 ป, ป - • J Jซ ~ ~ — 13 - "Gyptis" - - 613 Alexandria 2 37 9 14- "S. Maria" - - 19 Palermo- 21 6 — 14- " Mari Valians " - 298 Constantinople 5 12 — — 15 - "Ceylon" - - 1,365 Marseilles 1 123 17 15 15 - "O'Spiros" - - 188 Constantinople - 13 — 15- "LaDacia" - - 173 Follonica - - 10 — 15 - "Assidua" - - 484 Constantinople - 14 — ", 15 - "Ornarodd" - - 250 ? ? - 9 9 „ 15 - "Lybia" - - 1,044 Liverpool 1 34 — — 15 - "Laconia" - - 782 Smyrna 3 37 19 & 15- "Oliva" - - 53 Tunis 10 6 — — 16 - "Leone" - - 367 Syracuse 1 37 5 21 16 - "Marietta" - - 347 Constantinople - 12 H — 16- "Rebah" - - 56 Leghorn- 7 9 — — ' „ 16- "Isis" - - - 1,436 Cardiff ... 1 44 1 12 16 - "Giuseppa" - - 19 Mazzana- 15 7 — — 16- "Hellenis" - - 503 London 2 21 12 17 - "Lema"- - - 670 Constantinople - 2 — " 17 - "Pera"- - - 1,373 Alexandria - - 2 125 _ • „ 17- "Nachimoff"- - 1,563 London 3 50 — 17 - "Pallio" - - 149 Constantinople - 5 — — *— *' 17- " Ma. del Carmine "- 1 38 Bagnara - - - 8 — 17 - "S. Helena 15 „ 8 — — 17 - " Fascolo " - - 486 Constantinople - 5 14 — — I „ 17- "Calatafini" - - 44 Syracuse- - 21 — — „ 17 - " Roberto " - - 29 Pizzallo - - - 9 — — 17- "Ma. dellaLibera "- 42 Syracuse- - - 15 — — 17 - " Porto Salvo 96 „ - - - 15 8 _ — }) 17 - " Sveti Vid " •• - 501 Constantinople - 5 14 — — 17- "S. Michele"- 65 „ - 11 6 _ — „ 17 - "Ripon" - - 1,308 Alexandria - - 1 Hฐ — 18 - '• Peppino Liardo " - 23 Avola - - - 4 5 — „ 18 - "Egyptien" - - 374 Marseilles ... 1 35 4 15 „ 18 - " Possochoff " - - 452 London - 3 25 — — „ 18 - "S. Liberata " - 24 Terranova - - 4 6 — — „ 18 - " Ma. d'Alemagna " 18 „ 21 6 — 18 - "Eva" - 92 Follonica - - 7 6 — — , 18 - " Emmanuele" - 27 Catona - - - 7 8 — „ 18- " Chevalier Rose" - 107 Tunis 13 15 15 „ 19 - " Animedel Pur- 63 Salerno - - - 15 7 — gatino." „ 19 - "Arcadia" - - 740 Liverpool - - 3 38 8 16 „ 19 - " Persian" - - 1,671 Alexandria . - 2 39 — — „ 20 - " Marietta " - 29 Trapani - - - 1 1 „ 20 - " Cannella Angiolini " 30 Terrananova - - 6 „ 20 - "Hydra" - - — Capo Passaro - 6 105 ? 20 - " Mansour" - - — Tunis ... 5 74 '„ 20 - " Ma. delle Grazie" - 33 Catona ... 7 10 — ? 20 - "Ninetta" - - 26 Trapani ---11 5 — — „ 20 - " Evangelistria " - 247 Constantinople _ 5 10 — — „ 20 - "S. Francesco " - 75 Galipoli - - - 15 8 ? 20 - " Selem" - - 35 Alexandria - - 10 — — „ 20 - "Aurora" - - 17 Scoglietti 6 — — „] 20 - " Christina " - - 692 Alexandria - - 2 32 — — w 20- " Taxiarchi " - - 111 Constantinople - 10 — „ 21 - " Sacra Sposa " - 29 Catona - - - 7 — — 21 - " Olympus " - - 1,219 Trieste - - - 3 57 — „ 21 - " Patriarche " - - 166 Oran - - - 15 9 — — „ 21 - "Marietta" - - 218 Constantinople - 5 U. — — „ 21 - " Gottoms, M." - 509 „ - 5 14 — — „ 21 - "Syria" - - 1,308 Southampton - 2 lU 2 10 „ 21 - " Salomon " - 78 London - - - 6 15 — „ 22- " Ma. di Liesse " - 16 Scoglietti - - 21 — — „ 22- " Ma. di Loreto " 20 „ - - 21 — „ 22 - "Gianima" - 13 „ - - 21 9 — — 201 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXVII. — Eeturn of the Vessels, Crews, and Passengers arriving in Quarantine, &c. — continued. Passengers Landed Number in the "Lazzaretto." Remaeks Arrival NameofVessel. Tonnage. From whence. S f (ฃS JS — — Cases of Cholera or 1 tine " Number. "Q^rkn- Diarrhoea, &c. tine." 1866. October 22 - " Fortunate " - - 33 Scogliette 7 6 — — „ 22 - " Nicola " 257 Constantinople - 5 9 — — „ 22 - "S. Fco. di Paola " - 33 Scilla - - - 7 9 — — „ 22 - ซS.M.di P. S." - 26 S. Lucido 7 8 — — „ 22 - " Frederico B." - 268 Constantinople - 2 14 — — „ 22 - " Fausta " - - 142 „ - 6 7 — — „ 22 - "S. Fco. di Paola " - 26 S. Lucido - - 7 5 — — „ 22 - " Giovanni " - - 467 Cette ... 4 13 — — _ „ 22 - " Luisa "- - - 59 Amantea - 9 — — „ 22 - "S. Vincenzo " - 65 Castellamare - - 15 10 — „ 22 - " Morocco " - - 1,267 Alexandria - - 3 57 — — „ 22 - "S. Filomena " - li Paola - 7 7 — — „ 23 - •' Salvatore " - - 38 Catania - - - 21 9 — — „ 23- "Napoli" - - 303 Syracuse- - - 1 35 — — „ 23 - "Delta" - - 1,308 Marseilles . - 1 107 6 15 „ 24- "Orixa" - - 345 Constantinople- - 4 11 — — „ 24 - " Maria " 19 Pozzallo - - - 6 7 — — „ 24 - ซ Addolorata " - 23 „ - - - 6 7 — — „ 24- "S. Martino"- - 11 Sampieri- . - 8 6 — — „ 24 - " Alessio " - - 107 S. Jean d'Acre - 2 8 — — „ 25 - " Ceylon " 1,365 Alexandria - - 1 123 — _ „ 25 - " Tanjore " - 2,100 „ 1 125 5 10 „ 25 - "Angeliki" - - 304 Constantinople- - 3 10 — _ „ 26 - " Issignur " - - 161 Alexandria --10 10 — — „ 26 - " Ticonderoga " - — - „ - - 1 230 — _ „ 26 - " Salvara " - - 1,073 „ 2 36 — — „ 26 - " Danube " - - 942 Liverpool - - 3 34 — _ „ 27 - " Jaffaria " — Southampton - - 2 54 — — „ 27 - " Thebes " - - 1,667 Alexandria - - 3 43 1 io „ 28 - " China " 1,340 Southampton - - 2 124 6 io „ 29 - " Adalia " - - 1,022 Liverpool - - 1 33 — — „ 29 - " Ponsonby " - - 135 Talamone - • 7 9 — — . „ 29- "Atlas"- - - 672 Constantinople- - 1 25 — _ „ 29 - " Peppino Liardo " - 23 Avola - - - 9 5 — „ 30- "Rosetta" - - 681 Cardiff - - 1 28 — _ „ 30 - " Ma. delle Grazie " 27 Terranova - - 6 7 — i __ „ 30 - " Immacolata " - 34 Marsala ---21 9 — . ", 30- "Napoli" - - 303 Syracuse- 1 34 2 2 1 ZH „ 30 - " Horoscope " - - 108 Nice - - - 11 7 — — „ 30 - "S. Alberto " - 18 Bona - - - 3 5 — _ „ 30 - " Spirito Santo " - 96 „ - - - 11 10 — — „ 30 - "N. Siga. di Loreto " 65 Girgenti ---21 6_6 _ _ „ 30- "S. S. Crocifisso " - 52 Pozzallo- - - 19 9 — _ „ 30 - "S. Giovanni " - 21 „ - - - 5 8 — _ „ 30 - " Sarah Ann " - 276 Shoreham 5 10 — _ „ 30 - " Demetrius " - - 418 Alexandria - - 2 23 — _ „ 30 - " Cosmopolita " - 148 Swansea ---10' 9 — „ 30 - "Teseo" - - 168 Marseilles - - 15 io — _. „ 30 - "Ripon" - - 1,308 „ - 2 110 19 10 „ 31 - "Nicolino" 291 „ - - - 14 U ~ _ „ 31 - " MoUy Boun " - 155 Girgenti - - - 4 7 — _ „ 31 - "Roberto" - - 29 Pozzallo- . - 6 9 — _ „ 31- "S.Barbara"- - 16 Mazara - - - 8 5 — _ „ 31 - "Parana" - - 1,025 London - - - 4 36 2 io „ 31 - "Milan" - - 736 Liverpool 1 29 2 io November 1 - "Atlantic" - - 1,111 Alexandria 1 36 1 8 October 31 - " Angiolina" - - 36 Marsala .... 7 6 — _ „ 31 - "Immacolata" - 43 Girgenti 7 7 — — „ 31 - " AngeloCustode" - 14 Terranova - - 4 6 — „ 31 - "S. S. Crocifisso " - 20 „ - - - 4 7 — _ „ 31 - "S. Catello" - 19 Girgenti 7 6 — _ "„ 31 - " Ma. del Carmine"- 14 " - - - 7 4 — „ 31 - "S. Antonio " - 14 Terranova 4 6 — November 1 - " Ma. della Consola- 31 Girgente - - 6 6 — zione." " 1- " L'Asie" - 477 Alexandria - - 2 40 36 7 HZ " 1 - "Clemence"- - '120 Mustgamene - - 9 7 ,' 2- " Ma. delle Grazie " - 31 Syracuse 21 6 — „ 2 - " Ma. del Carmine"- 45 Puzzuoli - - 15 8 — a, „ 2 - "Ceres" — - Liverpool - - 9 19 — _ „ 2- "Delta" - - 1,308 Alexandria - - 1 107 — _ „ 2- "Syria" - - 1,308 „ - 1 111 — _ „ 2- "Salvatore" - - 34 Gallipoli - 7 11 _ _ „ 2 - " Luisella Romano " 38 Messina 20 6 „ 2 - "S. Fco. di Paolo " 22 Augusta ---21 8 — „ 2 - " Helga " - - 160 Constantinople 3 8 — „ 2 - " Dominico " - 28 Syracuse - - - 21 7 — — „ 2- "Cattolica" - - 31 Catena - 7 11 — „ 3 - " Ma. delle Grazie "- 15 Scogliette - 5 8 — „ 3- "S. Vittorio " - - 29 Augusta- 21 9 — „ 3- "Italian" - - 1,500 Alexandria - - 1 37 — — Cc 4 202 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XXVIf. — Return of the Vessels, Crews, and Passengers arriving in Quarantine, &c. — continued. Passengers Landed Number in the " Lazzaretto." Remakks Arrival N amo pf Vessel. Tonnage. From whence. "QuTvan" o^Crew! " ~~ jZ 77 Cases of Cholera or tine." Nu mber DgNin Dia rrhcea, &c. tine." (_ __ | . — — 1860. November 3 - "Caroline" - - 891 Constantinople - 3 34 — — „ 3 - "S. S. Crocifisso " - 27 Terranova - - 4 7 — - — „ 3 - " Corcyra " - 627 London C 36 1 6 „ 3 - "Thessalia" - - 794 Liverpool . - 3 37 1 9 „ 4- "S. Liberata" - 18 Scoglietti - - 5 9 — — „ 4 - "Maraition" - - 1,213 Alexandria - - 2 57 2 5 „ 4- " Admiral Blake " - 146 Milford - 5 7 — — „ 5- "Ehone" - - 943 Cardiff 1 31 — — „ 4 - " Consolazione " - 14 Terranova .-3 7 — — „ 4 - "Emmanuela" - 16 ป - - " 3 6— — — — „ 4- "Veloce" - - 18 „ - . - 4 6 — — „ 4- "Caroline" - - 179 Dahouet - - - 5 8 — — „ 5- "Redentore" - - 17 Girgenti - - 4 6 — — „ 5- "Gela"- - - 15 Terranova - - 2 6 — — • „ 5 - " Immacolata " - 15 Scoglietti 2l 8 — — „ 5 - " Giuseppina " - 32 Pantalleria - - 5 7 — — „ 5- "S.Paolo" - 29 „ - -' - 5 8 — — „ 5 - " Ma. del Carmine " 45 Girgenti ... 4 8 — — „ 5- "S. Vinzo. Ferreri " - 25 „ - - - 2l 7 — — „ 5 - " Dunholme " - - 359 Cardiff - 5 11 — — „ 5 - "Celsus" - - 298 Milford - - - 5 10 — — „ 5 - " Ma. Addolorata " - 54 Girgente 21 8 — — „ 5 - " General Chasse " - 541 Milford - - - 5 17 — — „ 5 - " Ma. del Soccorso " 8 Scicca - - - 2 5 — — — — „ 5 - " Poonah " 1,308 Southampton - - 2 126 6 5 H 6 - " Komiloff " - - 343 London - - - ) 1 36 — - „ 6 - " Ellettrico " - - 1,267 Syracuse - - 1 57 5 21 „ 6 - "Antonino" - - GG Marsala - - - 21 8 3 10 „ 6 - "Agnes " 199 London - - - 10 8 — — „ 6 - "S. Giovanni " - 49 Trapani - - - I 4 6 — — „ 6 - "Donna Maria" - 131 Swansea- - ' 5 — — „ 7 - "Megsera" - — Devonport - - 5 168 — — — — „ 7 - " Emmanuele " - 13 Terranova - - 2 5 — — — — • „ 7 - "S. Liberata " 24 j „ - - 7 6 — — „ 7 - "Isis" - 1,400 | Alexandria - - 1 43 — — „ 7 - "Ripon" - - 1,308 ! „ 1 110 4 5 „ 7 - "Tanjore" - - 2,100 Marseilles - - j 2 123 10 6 ? 8 - " Admiral Kanaris " 764 ฆ Constantinople - 2 25 9 5 „ 8 - " Arcadia " 740 j Alexandria - - j 2 38 — — ", 8 - " Crimean " ป - 1,002 Cardiff - - - 4 33 — — „ 7 - "Fortunato" - - 38 Trapani 11 6 — — „ 7 - " Ma. di Trapani " - 20 Terranova 21 6 — — „ 7 - "S.M.di P. S." - 38 Pozzallo - - - 4 9 — " 8- "Estra"- - - 99 Gallipoli - .-55 — „ 8 - "Saida"- - - 1,109 Liverpool - - 2 33 — — „ 11 - " Jane Frances " - 346 London 7 10 — — " 12 - "G. M. G." - - 43 S. Lucido 7 9 „ 12- "S.Elena" - 15 Borgnara 7 8 — — „ 12 - "Catarina" - 62 Marsala ---21 10 — — „ 12- " Ma. della Cava " - 72 „ - - - 21 10 _ — „ 12 - "Crimea" - 42 Syracuse- 21 7 — — „ 12 - "S.Giuseppe" - 42 Marsala 21 7 — — „ 12 - "Filoppini" - - 222 Marseilles 3 9 — -— „ 12 - " Lady Briggs " - 85 Marsala 21 9 — — „ 12- " Ma. delle Grazie " 30 Paola 7 8 — — „ 12 - "S. Paolo " - 37 Castellamare 15 7 — — „ 12- "Tour" - - 267 Newcastle 0 19 — — „ 13- "Dalmatian"- - 1,599 Alexandria 1 38 — — — — „ 13 - "G. M. G." - - 42 Trapani 5 7 — — — — „ 13- "Archimede"- - 151 Syracuse- 1 28 11 21 — — „ 13- " Maria Costanza "- 122 S. Stefano 7 7 — — — — „ 13- "Massilia" - - 1,308 Southampton -j 9 108 5 5 — — < 203 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XXVII. — Return of the Vessels, Crews, and Passengers arriving in Quarantine, &c. — continued. I Passengers Landed ' Number ! in the " Lazzaretto." Eil iEKS Arrival Name of Vessel. Tonnage. From whence. „,_,„ Cases of Cholera or ซ ne -" Number. "Q^aran- Biavrhcea. &c. l_ ซue.ป ' " i ฆฆ " ; I 1865. Novembers- "L'Asie" - - 477 Marseilles - - 1 39 2 5 , „ 14 - " Immacolata " - 34 Licata 10 7 „ 14 - "Lilibeo" - - 41 Marsala 20 G — ' — „ 14- "Syria" - - 1,308 Marseilles - - 2 111 11 5 „ 14 - "Osiris" - - 916 Liverpool - - 2 j 34 — — 14 - "Concetta" - - 27 Licata 10 7 1 12 „ 14 - " Prospero Primo " - 169 Palamone - - — „ 15 - "Venetian" - - 1,025 Liverpool - . 1 37 — 15- "S. Bartolo" - - 10 Lampedosa 2 4 I — — „ 15 - " Mozart" - - 261 Liverpool 10 10 i — — „ 15- "Tanjore" - - 2,100 Alexandria 2 127 4 5 „ 16- "Blitz"- - — Algiers - 5 63 ! — — „ 17 - " Angelo Eaffaele " - 48 Vietri .... 8 8 — „ 17 - "Memnon" - - 927 Cardiff - 1 33 ! — — „ 17 - "Eugenio" - - 29 Girgenti - - - c , — — „ 18 - "Giacomo" - - 146 Enos 10 10 ; — — „ 18- "Tripoli" - - 1,401 Naples - - - 1 56 — „ 19- "Psyche" - - — Alexandria - - 5 65 j — „ 19- "Marietta" - - 38 Naples ... 8 7 — „ 19 - "S. Catello" - - 19 Girgenti 13 7 — „ 19 - "Vincenzino" - 21 „ ... 5 5 — „ 20 - " Ma. Crocifissa " - 52 Pozzallo - - - 5 9 j — „ 20 - " Ma. della Conso- 31 Girgenti 12 6 1 10 lazione." „ 20 - " Angiolina " - 36 „ - - - 12 6 ! _ — „ 21 - "Arabian" - - 1,650 Liverpool - 3 39 \ — 21 - "Adalia" - - 1,022 Alexandria - - 1 23 i .._ ~ „ 21 - " Archimede " - 151 Syracuse - 1 28 3 21 „ 22 - "Armonia" - - 36 Girgenti - - - 11 — — „ 22 - "S. Giovanni" - 20 Pozzallo- - - 10 8 — „ 22 - " Peppino Liardo " - 23 Terranova - - 3 5 \ 1 18 „ 22 - " Rosetta" - - 681 Alexandria - - 2 29 — — r„ 22 - "Providenza" - 24 Girgenti- - - 15 6 — ' — „ 22- "S.Barbara"- - 16 Mazzara - 21 5 i — — 22- "Addolorata" - 12 Scoglietti 3 6 . — — " 33 - "Giojosa" - 17 Mazzara- 21 8 — „ 23 - "Roma" - 15 Scoglietti 9 6 | — — „ 23 - "Massilia" - - 1,308 Alexandria 1 107 6 5 „ 23- "Syria" - - 1,308 „ 1 111 _ „ 23 - " Idea "... 70 S. Vincenzo 5 — — „ 23 - "Milan" - - 736 Alexandria 1 39 — — ? 23- " Prudhoe Castle " - 553 Constantinople - 2 22 — „ 23- " JohnMiddleton" - 525 „ 2 21 — — „ 23- "Behera" • - 1,142 Liverpool 2 33 — — „ 24 - " Podesta " 300 Constantinople - 10 12 — — „ 24- "S. Pietro Paolo " - 16 Augusta- 21 11 — — „ 25- "T. J. Gates" - 202 Constantinople - 10 10 — — " 25- ซ Ma. della Cava "- 22 Paulalleria 21 7 ',] 27 - "Alexandria" 239 Constantinople 9 1 8 I', 29 - "Poonah" - 1,308 ! Alexandria - 1 j 12(3 „ 30 - " Danube " - - 942 Smyrna - - - 2 34 14 5 December 1 - "Euxene" - - 613 Alexandria - 1 40 > 66 5 „ 1 - " Ernest Merk" - 1,228 „ 2 29 _ _ „ 1 - "AnnaHowitz" - 340 Constantinople 7 13 — — „ 1 - "Pera"- - - 1,373 Alexandria 1 121 2 5 1 - "China" - - 1,340 „ 1 124 ! — — „ 2 - " Bhone " 943 „ 1 31 — . „ 2 - "Florida" - - 1,451 „ 2 37 — — „ 2 - "S. Nicola" ป 30 Castellamare - - 5 8 — — „ 2 - " Crimean " - - 1,002 Alexandria - 2 23 j — — „ 2 - "S. Giuseppe " - 26 Pozzallo l 8 — — „ 3- "HeatonHall" - 516 Constantinople 2 20 — — „ 3 - "S. Filomena " - 46 Paola ... 5 10 — — „ 3 - "Rosina" - - 49 Riposto 21 10 — — : 19034. D d 204 APPENDIX TO REPORT Table XXVll.— Return cf the Vessels, Crews, and Passengers arriving in Quarantine, &c.— continued. Passengers Landed I Number in the " Lazzaretto." Remabks. Arrival Name of Vessel. Tonnage. From whence. ?'Quaraiฃ of'crew! | t^™;,, Cases of Cholera or tine." Number> .^gฃฃ. Diarrhoaa.&c. I | I tine." 1866. December 3 r " Heath Park - - 390 Palermo 21 12 _ _ „ 3- j "Giacomina"- - 63 Trani 5 10 — — „ 8- "Fortunata" - - 33 Scoglietti - - 11 7 — — „ 3- "S. Gio. Batta " - 11 Syracuse - - 21 7 — — „ 3 - "Calatafini" 44 „ - - 11 7 — — „ 4 - "Europa" - - 1,208 Liverpool 1 66 — — „ 4 - " Archimede " - 151 Syracuse - - 1 26 — — „ 4 - " Caradoc " - • — Constantinople - — 67 — — „ 4- i " L'Asie " - - 477 Alexandria - - 2 40 14 5 „ 5 - "Laconia" - - 782 Liverpool - - I 1 37 2 5 '„ 5 - " Leonilda " - - 17 Pozzallo - - j 4 7 — — „ 5- " Peppino Liardo - \ 23 Avola ---21 8 I — — „ 5- " Ma. delle Grazie "- : 15 Scoglietti 21 9 j — — „ 5 - " Wignacourt" - 324 Alexandria 5 14 — — „ 5- | " Thebes " - - 1,667 Liverpool 1 39 — — „ 5 - "CarlottaP. " - 333 Constantinople 5 9 — — „ 5-1 "Saida"- - - 1,109 Alexandria - - 2 33 — — „ 6-' "Tripoli" - - : 1,401 „ 1 56 — „ 6- I " Sahara " - - j 1,073 Liverpool 2 33 — „ 7- j "Despatch" - - I 147 Alexandria - - 5 11 — — " 7 - " Maria Teresa " - ! 59 i „ 21 10 — — " 7 - "S. S. Crocifisso " - t 35 ,',' - - 15 8 — — „ 7 - " Cognate Apap " - 575 Constantinople 5 17 — — „ 7 - " Ceylon" - - j 1,308 Alexandria 2 122 4 5 „ 7 - " Francesco Paolo "- i 56 Kiposto ---19 8 — — „ 7- " Addolorata " - j 23 Pozzallo 7 9 — „ 7 - " Immacolata Con- 13 Terranova 21 5 — cezione." „ 7 - " Ma. del Soccorso"- 8 Girgenti 15 — — „ 7 - " Maria :> - - 18 Pozallo 7 7 — — „ 7 - "S. S. Crocifisso " - 15 ! Scoglihtti 21 5 — — „ 7 - "S. S. Annunziata " 14 | Terranova 21 5 — — „ 7 - " Ma. d'Alemagna " 16 i „ - - 15 6 3 8 „ 7 - " Consolazione " - 14 „ 2 — — „ 7 - "S. Antonio 14 „ - - 19 6 „ 7 - "S. S. Crocifisso " - 27 „ 15 6 " 8 - " Concetta " - 27 Licata - \ 14 ? .8 - " Ma. Crocifissa " - 52 Pozzallo 6 9 — — r " „ 8 - "Atlas" - - j 1,219 Smyrna - i 2 55 — „ 9 - " Massilia " - - I 1,308 Alexandria 1 107 4 5 8 - " Valletta " - - j 42 Riposto 27 8 — — „ 9 - " Ma. di Liesse " - 16 Scoglietti - - 20 7 — — „ 9 - "S. Liberata " - i 18 „ - - - 20 8 — — „ 9 - " Giannina" - j 13 „ - - - 20 9 — — „ 9 - " Ursola " - - i 12 GaUico 5 6 — — „ 9 - " Ma. delle Grazie" - | 43 Paola 5 W — ~ 9 - " Giuseppe " - - j 18 Trapani 16 6 — — 9 - "S. Catello " - - 19 Girgenti 13 6 — 9 - "G. M. G. " - - j 31 Trapani 14 7 — — ; „ ปJi•• S. Padre " - - J 24 „ - - - IS 6 — — 9 - " Marietta " - - 29 Castellamare - - 5 — — „ 9 - " Aurora " 66 Scoglietti - - 6 8 — — „ 10 - " Concetta Imma- 17 Marsamenia 19 9 — " 10 " Mcmnon " - - 927 Alexandria - - 1 33 — — „ 10 - " Venetian " - - 1,025 „ 1 37 — — " „ 11 - "Marsala" - - 250 Syracuse - - 1 32 — — „ 10 - " Superba " - 19 Mazzara - - 19 — — „ 10 - " Immacolata Con- 12 Catona - 5 6 — — „ 10 - " Costantino " - 403 Messina 19 14 — " 11 - " Nuovo Giacinto " - 39 Pozzallo- - - 11 10 — — 11 - " Fratelli Flori " - 414 i Constantinople 5 15 — — ]', 12- "Brodrene" - - j 414 „ - 5 16 — 205 ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF MALTA AND GOZO. Table XX Vll.— Return of the Vessels, Crews, and Passengers arriving in Quarantine, &c— continued. Passengers Landed ?D^ b6? n Number '' n "^ azzarettol " Remaeks. ?™ ? ™f Name of Vessel. 'Tonnage. From whence- "Quaran" o/crew! ! Cases of Cholera or Arrival. „ ./i y V Diarrhoea, &c. ! v " le ' ; Number. "Quaran-! | I tine/ I 1866. ! Decembers - "Agia Sofia" - 977 ! Smyrna - | 2 40 — — 12 - " Ma. delle Grazie"- 11 | Catona - - - 5 6 j — - 13 - " William Cory " - 1,323 ! Alexandria - 1 28 j — — , 13- " S.Fco. diPaola"- | 21 Sdiacca - - - 16 , 5 i — — 13 - "Teresa" - 52 Biposto - 18 9 — — "t" t 14 • " Consolazione " - 32 Girgenti - ฆ - : 8 7 — — 14 - " Montezuma " - 619 London - 5 31 — — 15 - "Sappho" - - 895 Alexandria - - j 2 25 — — " 15 - ! "Theban" - - 486 „ - - 2 20 - . — 15 -j "Delta"- - - 1,308 ] „ - -| 2 110 — — j • 15 - ! "Italian" - - 1,500 j Liverpool 3 39 1 5 16 -! "Atlantic" - - 1,111 „ . . 1 34 , — 16 - | "Poonah" - - ! 1,308 | Alexandria 2 126 6 2 ", 18 -' " Corriere Siciliano " j 248 I Syracuse - - 4 30 11 11 j ' 18-1 " Ma. del Carmine "- i 28 I Bagnara - 5 9 — — 18 - i "La Luna" *- - 136 ! Messina - - - 3 10 — — "„ 18 - "S.Antonio"- - 52 j Salerno 5 7 — 20 - " Arcadia " - 740 j Liverpool - - 5 38 — " 20 - "Isis" - - -'< 1,400 j „ 3 43 4 5 20- "S. Gio. Batta" - 287 Saloniqv.e 10 10 — 19 - " Casimiro C. - - j 412 Constantinople - 2 13 — — ฆ " 20- " Admiral Blake " -! 146 Enos 10 7 ' 21 - " Stromboli" - - 619 Liverpool - - 2 88 1 5 n 21 - "S. Giovanni " - i 20 Pozzalo - - - 4 — „ 21 - "Marietta" - - 154 i Enos 10 9 — — 22-1 " Hydra " - - — | Augusta 21 106 — — " 22 - " Immacolata " - j 15 Scoglietti - - 7 8 — — „ 22 - " Ma. di Loreto " - I 20 „ - - 8 — — 22 - "Demetrius" - - 418 j Liverpool 1 — — 23 - " Olga" - - - I 238 Salonique 10 12 — — 24 - " Duero " - - - j 204 Girgenti 3 32 — — ,', 24 - "S. Maria " - - 15 Trapani - 5 „ 24 - " Giasone " - - \ 127 j Venice 5 — 24 - "S.Francesco" - i 75 j Gallipoli - - 18 — — 24 - " Due Fratelli" - : 81 | Syracuse- 7 7 — 24 - " Tre Fratelli " - 50 Trapani - - - 7 — 25- "Etna"- - - 346 Syracuse- 1 36 2 7 „ 25 - "S. Giuseppe Tro- j 42 Pozzallo - - - 7 9 — — vato." „ 25 - "S. Francesco di 29 Messina - 7 8 — . — Sales." — 25 - "DueCugini" - 29 | Riposto 7 6 — — „ 25 - "G. M. G." - - 37 !S. Lucido 5 10 | — • „ 26 - "S. Pietro" - - j 76 ; Riposto - - - 7 11 ,— „ 26 - " Peppino Sebas- 88 „ - - - 7 8 — — tianello." 26 - " Concordia' 1 - | 47 j „ - - - 7 9 — „ 27 - "Milan" - - 736 Liverpool 3 30 — — „ 27 - "S.Giovanni" - , 14 Pozzallo- - 7 6 — „ 28 -"S. S. Crocifisso " - j 20 Terranova - - 7 7 — — M 28 - " Ma. d'Alemagna " - ! 16 „ 7 — „ 28 - " Addolorata " - J 12 „ - 6 „ 28 - " Angiolina " - - 15 „ - - | 7 „ 28 - "S. Antonio " - - 33 | Catanzaro - ! 5 — — „ 28 - " Assunta " - - 60 I Riposto - - - 7 9 — — 28- "S. Ma. di P. S." - 39 j Cotrone - - - 5 11 29 - " Florence " - - 747 Liverpool - - 2 22 — ," 29 -I" S. Vinzo. Ferreri " 18 ! Pantalleria -. - 6 — — „ 29 - "Bella Rosa"- - 78 j Riposto - - - j 3 10 — — „ 29 - " Orontes " 538 j Liverpool - - 2 11 — „ 31 - " Nuovo Giacinto " - 39 j Pozzallo - 4 — Wm. Hoseason, Port Department, Malta, Superintendent of the Ports. Bth June 1867. LONDON: Printed by Geoeoe E. Eyre and William Spotti&woodu, Printers to the Queen's most Excellent Majesty. For Her Majesty's Stationery Office. EARLIER CASES OF CHOLERA ARRANGED ACCORDING TO DATE. - CASES DATES N9 I _ June Z(W< 2 _ „ 2Z lul 3 • z;v d „ 4 , Zo^ 5 , ZXtb 6,7 — ป 29^ „ Bto 13 July ฆ isp , |4 , 2 luL „ 15 „ S l^ . 16 to 1 9 ? 6* 20 „ 7^ , 21 &22 _ , 9^ „ 23 &24 , *ฃ , 25 &26 , ซ** 27 i2B . //' A 29 &. 30 ซ r^ h „ 31 to 36 . ป!* „ 37 to 4-1 . . ซ*" „ 42 to 53 - . 16**' „ 54- to 66 , fA , 67 to 75 „ W*h 76 &. 77 , 19& „ 78 to 99 * ZOi 1 ' CASES IN THE SERIES WHICH TOOK PLACE OUTSIDE THE GARRISON. Case 7. k Mil™ , 40, out Kabbaic 0 , 75, at Birchivciira I D 5, at Kabbatu 6 A (use 47H(H>k ftUuy in the q&n Street at FUvumn Cases ([re shewn thus o " X 9"M' * ฆ ฆ ON THE — __^ SANITARY piDmOMJIF/MALTAj WITH EEFEEENCE TO THE EPIDEMIC CHOLE^) IN THE TEAR 1865. BY DR. SUTHERLAND. to botb Sou^si of parliament 6p CommanD of ฃtr iWajestp. LONDON: PRINTED BY GEORGE EDWARD EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOOD&, PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. 1867.