!»?1f?l!"'^'"".....••<■'<••••••"".'."""" tlmi>HMt»"e —'".......,...f..)>l"'!it>" niilil m ' ;; i 'i |'|.l!. • 1i nti ■■'■'(■::■' !'te;::;!:! 1 1 MEDIGAL ADVISf S AND tfpbi RRIAGE COIDEI | a Djy| f V*" !ii|ii,.i!i';ii'l-'i':iR; i Titor^ �2647337 8620 Scientific and Medical Books, and Minerals. A. E. FOOTE, M. 0., Philadelphia, Pa. 47 J / ^ EUr «.*?... ^ag^k\^aroae^BP*i SURGEON GENERAL'S OFFICE 4MB* Section, ■-____■f.jtrjr.""" ~ SUtucal %^\m gift Carriage ®ufoe REPRESENTING ALL THE DISEASES OP THE" GENITAL ORGANS OP THE MALE AND FEMALE, THE MUST COMPLETE AND PRACTICAL WORK ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL MYSTERIES AND REVELATIONS OF THE MALE AND FEMALE SYSTEMS, WITH THE LATEST EXPERIMENTS AND DISCOVERIES IN REPRODUCTION. rr illustrates anatomically and fully with the plates, everything PERTAINING TO THE MALE AND FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEMS; WITH A FULL DESCRIPTION OF THE CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND MOST CERTAIN MODE OF CURE, OF ALL THE INriSHITIES AND DISEASES TO WHICH THEY ARE LL\BLE FROM TIIU SECRET HABITS OF YOUTH, AND EXCESSES OF MATUREK AGE, AS SitV5iU5jM3I ItiSS OF 2333:33 &5?2) XXMMUTr, INNOCENT OR UNFORESEEN AFFECTIONS, AND THOSE RESULTING FROM CONTRACTION, AS SYPHILIS, (PRIMARY AND CONSTITUTIONAL,) GONORRHOEA, OR BLENNORRHAGIA, (CLAP,) GLEET, STRICTURES, ETC., ETC. / Willi NUMEROUS CERTIFICATES OF THE MOST UNPARALLELED CURES EVER PERFORMED. WITH NEARLY SCVENTY-FIVE COLORED ENGRAVINGS. By M.t s^TOXT, Physician and Surgeon, KK\ " l'• '/'I .I.Y 1'liOM PARIS AND LONDON.) N«$» £?ork: .. ..... PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, 42 READE STREET. 1854. rtfym Ha if 54- CARO, The Author devotes his time to the exclusive treatment of all the Ma- eases referred to in this Work, at 42 Reade Street, corner of Broadway, opposite Stewart & Co's. Marble Palace, New York. N. B. No connection with the Drug Store. Persons in need of Medical Aid will find me at my Office from eleven in the morning until two in the afternoon, and from six till nine in the evening; on Sundays, from two until three o'clock P. M., with the most undoubted assurances of a Cure ; free from observation—as each patient has a separate room—so that they do not meet with any one but myself. Patients living at a distance, not able to visit the City, can be treated perfectly well by mail or express, by addressing their letters (pre-paid) to " Box 71, New York Post Office," with a full statement of their case N. B. My time is so fully occupied for those who send or pay the usual fee upon application, that I cannot respond or notice those who do not pay or remit by letter, or otherwise, the usual consultation fee, at the time of seeking my advice or aid. Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1854, by 51. Larmont, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the Southern District of New York. FRONTISPIECE. A Front View of the contents of the Abdomen and Pelvis, and of the Organs of Generation in the Male. A, A, The kidneys. B, B, The renal capsules. C, C, C, C, The renal arteries and veins. D, The great artery, or aorta. E, The vena cava. F, The spermatic artery. G, G, The spermatic veins. H, H, The ureters. I, I, The spermatic cords. K, The rectum. L, The bladder. M, The penis. N, The glans penis. / 0, The meatus. P, The testicle. Q, The vas deferens. R, The scrotum. <&fy]M$m of $late 2. A full and accurate View of the Left Section of the Female Pelvis, in health. A, The fourth lumbar vertebra. B, The rectum. C, The left iliac fossa. D, The rectus abdominus muscle, arising from E, The symphysis pubis. F, The mons veneris. G, The clitoris. H, The left nympha. I, The labia externum. E, The fundus uteni. L, L, The ovaries brought upwards. M, The posterior surface of the right broad ligament. N, The right Fallopian tube turned downwards. 0, 0, The fimbriated extremities of the tubes. P, The right round ligament. The dotted line crosses the fundus of the bladder. Q, The ob uteri. R, The vagina. S, The point of the coxcyx. T, The sphincter ani. V, The sphincter of the bladder. W, The urethra—the dotted line crosses the perineum. X, The maetus urinarius. PREFACE. In giving the following pages to the Public, the great aim and object of the Author has been to give a plain, practical treatise, adapted to all circles of society. All theories, not well sustained by facts and experi- ence, have been discarded. The most absurd, ridiculous, and mischievous specu- lations and erroneous assumptions have been published, largely copied and. transformed (or rather deformed) from musty antediluvian medical books. It would be better for the public to experience a second deluge, that would sweep away all such trash. It is infinitely more difficult to forget or discard false impressions or erroneous views, than to learn those facts which are correct and of real instruction. I am led to make these remarks from hearing from all classes, more or less frequently, expressions of wrong* views on medical subjects; this-must be attributed to the pernicious teachings of foolish books and senselesa lectures. It shall be then, the especial object of this work to vi PREFACE. correct such errors, and in so doing our readers will readily see the more plausible and reasonable teachings herein incorporated. In the first part of this edition great care and pains has been taken to describe the more common derange- ments of the Male Female and Generative Systems, their anatomy, physiology, and pathological tendencies to disease; and those diseases consequent upon sexual indulgences. Of Masturbation (Self-Abuse), Emissions, Impotency, etc., etc., the second part of the present edition of this work will fully treat. Menstruation, and the derangements of the uterine functions have received as ample attention as the char- acter of the work will permit. We have conclusively disproved the falacies and whims which books upon kindred subjects have inculcated: for instance, those directions to prevent conception, which are popularly believed, are not only mischievous and delusive, but a case came under our notice lately, in which the conse- quences were nearly fatal: This was in a married lady with a deformed pelvis, which precluded the possibility of giving birth to living offspring; yet, deeming her- self safe, she followed the directions of a widely dissem- inated volume, to prevent the mishap, but it had the opposite effect, the accouchment being effected by ™ mutilating the child, and almost immolating the 'mother. The motive, no doubt, was to gratify the desire that families h^e to control the number of their offspring. We have given our experience, and advice founded upon that experience, upon the subject of Conception, PREFACE. vii and the surest means of accomplishing so desirable an object to thousands of heirless parents. Sterility, so commonly caused by slight functional derangements in females, is as readily under the control qf the competent surgeon as any other functional de- rangements of other organs, viz., indigestion, torpidity of the liver, bowels, or kidneys, yet from want of analo- gous reasoning upon causes and effects of uterine affec- tions, medical men often-get befogged, and jump at false and injurious conclusions. Upon the subjects of Medicines, Instruments, or In- structions to produce Abortion, I cannot too severely censure, deprecate and denounce all persons engaged in so abominable and damnable a traffic. Its tenden- cies are to sap the foundations of all moral and religious society__to ruin the health of females therein engaged —to foster crime—to cloak the iniquities of the wicked —to shield the villainous seducer of the innocent and virtuous, from just odium and public retribution, of the foulest crimes, manslaughter, and even murder! It is truly lamentable that pious, virtuous, honest, honorable families are destitute of the appreciation of the real magnitude of this monster evil, that the disin- clination to have children, induces them to apply to their own family physician to prevail on him to procure abortion. Having as many as fifty patients constantly under my charge, affected with Venereal and other infectioua diseases, the majority of which having been un^er treatment with other physicians, I have devoted a sufficient space in this work, to guide those who are unfortunate enough to be afflicted with such horrible viii PREFACE. diseases, to a rapid and permanent cure. The ignor- ance in the medical profession, of the proper treatment, the awful consequences resulting from the treatment of Quacks, and the various humbug cure-all medicines so largely advertised, are truly beyond the comprehen- sion of those who have not the opportunities of knowing its vast extent. As this work will save thousands from such a condition, I cannot but feel that I have fulfilled my duties towards my fellow-beings. My practice is constantly revealing to me the great extent of constitu- tional disease, arising from neglect or maltreatment of Syphilis. -Any physician who will investigate this'sub- ject, will be astonished at the mass of human suffering which he can trace to a Venereal origin, although its primary symptoms may have'been apparently eradi- cated from the system for many years. Some are in- discreet enough to allow delicacy or shame to prevent them from applying to the proper physician until the poison has acquired such virulence as to justly alarm them; they then frequently apply to some unskillful practitioner, who may temporarily arrest the external symptoms and discharge them cured; matters will thus go on until the malady becomes constitutional, when the patients are at last compelled to place themselves under the treatment of those who, at an earlier period, could have preserved their systems untainted, and their bodies uninjured by the ravages of this most insidious of diseases. As it is actually necessary, for a thorough under- standing of the subject herein treated, I have given, as briefly as possible, a description of the organs of genera- tion, and of their physiology, that any one may clearly PREFACE. IX understand their importance; furthermore, I have stated the causes, varieties, symptoms, peculiarities, and most certain mode of Cure. Every person before entering the Marriage State should ask themselves if they are in such a state of health that the Marriage-hed will not become a bed of loathsome disease. I always have some such patients in process of cure, and whose offspring seldom live, but if they do, are the most pitiable evidences of their parents' condition. How degraded and lost to all the finer feelings, which alone can ennoble us, must be that person who will allow, even the remotest .doubt to remain unremoved, that they are tainted by disease, or so debilitated by early or guilty excesses, that their progeny will be doomed, but yet dares to offer such a polluted and shattered frame at the pure shrine of love. Such are often the causes of domestic unhappiness, and the horrible diseases which we see ^children affected with, from generation to generation. Ponder well, then, you who have ever been afflicted with a disease which is sure to become constitutional, if not totally eradicated at the time of infection. Think what your neglect will painfully recall in your own family. That not a single individual need suffer, or have any excuse for their situation, I offer them The Medical Adviser and Marriage Guide at a merely nominal price—one dollar. CONTENTS. PART I. THE ANATOMY OF THE GENERATIVE ORGANS OF THE MALE AND FEMALE. - Their Intricacy and Delicacy, 17.-The Subsidiary Organs 18-The Kidneys, 19.—The Ureters, 20.—The Bladdef, 20—The Secretion of Urine, 21 .-The Scrotum, 21.-The Testicles and Secre- tion of Semen, M.-The Spermatic Arteries, 23-Spermatic Veins, 24 -Seminiferous Tubes, 24.—The number of Testicles, 24.—Size of'Testicles, 24-Hemia„ 25.-The Vas Deferens, 25,-Tunjca Albu- ginea.-Cremaster Muscles, 2o.-Tubule Semmiferi, 26.-Their num- ber and length, 36.—Epididymis, 26.—Vasa. Efferentia, 26.-Te?- tides in the Foetus, 27.-The Non-descent of the Testicles, and their state and position, 27—Natural quantity of Semen. Not easily dis- solved, 27 -Spermatozoa, 27.-Impotence and Sterility of Hybrid Animals, Birds, 28.-Vesicuhe Seminales with their tocation, 29- Seminal Vesicles, 29.-Ejaculatory-Duct 29-Seminal Vesiclesin the Boar, Rat, Beaver, and Guinea Pig, 30—Ejaculation of Semen in Coition, 30, 31.—Reservoirs for Semen, 31.—Lion, Panther. Oat ana Dog Sl'.-Prostate Gland, 31—Fluid of the Prostate, 32.-Bui , Buck Ram and Goat, 31.—Birds, Amphibious Animals, Fish, Elephant, Camel. Horse, etc., 33—Eunuchs-and Geldings, 33.—Ammalculas, 34 -Cowper's Glands, 34.-Urethra, 34.-Membranous, Bulbous, and Pendulous portion of Urethra, 34-Length of Penis, 36.-Penis 36— Glans Penis, seat of pleasure, 36.-Coition and Passion, 3,.-Erectors of the Penis. 38.—Puberty and the changes and eflects it produces on the system, '38—Season for Copulation of Animals and. Birds 39— DomJstic and other Animals, 40.-Timethe desire for Copulation m the Male and Female commences, 40.-Use of the Sexual organs, 41 -Instinctive desire, 41 .-Love, 42.-Difference between the Sexual relations of Man, and the lower animals, 42. FEMALE GENERATIVE ORGANS.-Female Genitals, f-Jhe Vulva, 43.-Mons veneris, 43—Labia externa •».?J™1.^^- Perineum, labia interna, or nymphs, 43n-Cllto»st:A$Zfw 4i clitoridis, 44.—Orifice of the Urethra, 44.—Orifice of the Vagina, 44 -Hymen 44 -The Vagina, 47.-Glands of Duverney in the Female, ^mble'cowpert Glands i'n the M*le, «--™«|Lte™'' *§££?£ irterus 49 —Cavity of the Uterus, 49.—Arbor Vita:, 50—Fregnancy YnnaVturitionrsi-FallopianTu^ 52.-Ovum, 53._Ova.nes, 53. srii CONTENTS. —Graafian Vesicle, 54—Process of Impregnation, 54—Corpus Ju- teum. 54—Corpus luteum, like the yolk of an egg, 5o—Function of the Ovario-uterine system, 55—Successful Coition, o5—Process ot Conception, 55—Ovum and Secreting Fluid, 6a..-Foetal-.circula- tion, 66 —Puberty, 66—Commencement of Menstruation in Girls, 56—Commencement of secretion of Semen in Boys. 66—Cessation ol Menstruation, 57—Duration of Virile power in Man, ".—Changes in thesystem at Puberty, 67—Menstruation, 58.—Aristotle, 58—bexual Intercourse, 59.—Castration in Men and Animals,—Semen, 60.—con- ception,. 61—Occurrence of Pregnancy, 61—Conditions necessary, 61—Proof by experiments, 62—Passage of the t>vum into> the Womb, 62—Sterility, Causes and Cure, 63—Development ot Ariec- tions, 63.—Barrenness, 63.—Causes of Unfruitful Marriages, 63 — State of the female for Pregnancy, 64.—Abortion or Miscarriage, 64. —Libertinism—Self-abuse, 65.—Quack remedies, 65.—Fertilizing virtues of different things, 66.—Most auspicious time for Coition, 66. —How to tell the sexes of Children before birth, 66.—Prevention of Offspring, 67.—Deaths in Parturition. 63.—Medicines that will pre- vent Conception, 68—Causes of Seminal Disease and Impotency, 6a —Freneh Condoms, 68.—Best mode of retaining Sexual vigor to old age, 69.—Coition, 69.—Children diseased by Nurses, 69.—Childbear- ing,. 69—Fruitful months, 70 —Twins. 70—Color of Hair, 70—Mis- carriages, 70—Hymen, 70—Epilepsy, 70—Rape, 70—Hermaphro- dites, 70.—Temper. 71.—Signs of Pregnancy, 71— Excesses,—Total Abstemiousness, 71—Suckling, etc., 71.—Choice of a Partner, a — Causes of the difference of the Sexes, 72.—Royal families, 72—Queen Victoria, 72.—Persians and Mongolians. 73.—Pattern of a Woman, 73. Consumption, 74.—Marrying Age, 74—Bachelors and old Maids, 74. —Cause of Twins, 74.—Parturition, 74.—Formation of the Foetus, 75. —Nursing. 75.—Teething, 75.—Resemblance in the Offspring of the Parents, 75. QUACKERY AND QUACKS—Specifics, 77— Poetry, History of Dr. Quackey, Junior, 78. HISTORY OF VENEREAL DISEASES.—Non-Virulent Affec- tions, 85.—Virulent Affections, 85.—Non-Virulent Diseases, 85.—Dis- charges peculiar to Females, 86.—Of Amennorrhoea, or the Absence of Menstruatidn, 88.—Of Medicines which exert an influence in restoring Menstruation, 91.—Gonorrhoea in the Male, 92.—Chronic Stage—Gleet.—Chordee, 95.—Retention of Water, 94.—Inflammation of the Neck of fhe-Bladder, 96—Buboes, 96.—Swelled Testicle, 97— Gleet, 98. — Gonorrhoea in the FemalefT99. — Excoriation of the Genitals, 101. STRICTURE—Of Spasmodic Stricture, 101.—Inflammatory Strict- - ure, 102.—Permanent Strictures, 103.—Symptoms of Stricture, 104— Disease of the Prostate Gland,—Symptoms, 106—Chronic Inflamma- tion of the Neck of the Bladder, 107.-Irritation of the Testes, 108.- Varicocele and Hydrocele, 109.—Diseases of the Kidneys and Ureters, 109.—Vegetations, 109.—Phymosis and Paraphymosis, 109.—Enlarge- ment of the Epididymis and Spermatic Cord, 110.—Syphilis,—His- tory of the Symptoms of Venereal Diseases, 110.—Syphilis, 111.— Primary Symptoms, 111.—Transmission of the Venereal Virus, 114.— CONTENTS. Xlii Secondary, or Constitutional Syphilis, 115.—Syphilitic Affections of the Mucous Membrane, Mouth and Throat. 117.—Tertiary Syphilitic Affections, 117.—Syphilitic Affections of the Eye, 118.—Syphilitic Affections of the Testicles, 119.—Tertiary Syphilis, 119—Tertiary Symptoms as they occur in the Osseous System, 120.—Ostitis, 120. PART II. Preface, 131.—Introduction, 133.—A few words to Invalids, 136.— Chapter I.—The Importance of perfectly understanding the sub- ject of Onanism—Its existence from the earliest period, and yet the . ignorance of the Medical Profession—Impotence and Sterility, a certain result if not cured—The effects, of Impotency and Sterility on the Human race. 137. Chapter II.—The effects the Mind has on the Organs of Genera- tion--Striking cases as witnessed by other Surgeons, as well as myself, 146. « Chapter III.—Injuries of the Brain, causing Impotency—Cases illustrative of the same, 149. Chapter IV.—Spermatorrhoea, or the unnatural and excessive loss of Semen, 150. Chapter V.—Cause of Spermatorrhoea, 154. Chapter VI.—Effects of Spermatorrhoea, as shown by cases from my own note-book, to all of which are attached their certificates to me, of their cure, 156. Chapter VII.—Severalother Symptoms by which Spermatorrhoea may be detected, 184. Chapter VIII.—Impotency, Sterility and Infecundity, 186. Chapter IX.—Microscopic Examinations, 191. Chapter X.—The quantity of Semen lost; how it affects the Sys- tem, and its influence on the Mind, 201 .—Self-Abuse, 203. Chapter XI.—Causes of Abuse, 225. Chapter XII.—Varieties of Abuse, 233.—Effects of Abuses, 241. Chapter XIV.---Effects of Temperament, Idiosyncrasy, etc., 248. Chapter XV—Urethral Discharges, 249—Prostatitis, 250.—Cys- titis, 250.—Emissions of Blood, 250.—Orchitis, 250. Chapter XVI.—Erotomania and Satyriasis, 253. 2 xiv CONTENTS. Chapter XVII.-The influence which different articles have- Medicines and others-in producing and curing Spermatorrhoea and Impotence, 256—Narcotics, 258—Canthandes, 26d—Nitrate of Po- tass, 266—Ergot of Rye, 267.—Phosphorous, 268—Iron, 268. Chapter XVIII—The Mechanical means adopted for the preven- tion of Seminal Emissions, 268. Chapter XIX—Nymphomania productive of Monomania and Crime—Masturbation practiced by Females—Remarks showing its dreadful effects on the constitution, 272. Chapter XX—Life, what is it?—It is mere existence without Health, 280. Chapter XXI.—Masturbation produces effects upon the Female ; easily discerned by the generality of people, 282. Chapter XXII.—Causes of Female Prostitution, 286. Chapter XXIII—Certificates given me by the Patients them- selves, torturing them of Emissions. Seminal Weakness. Impotency, and General Debility, after they had been under the charge of a number of Physicians, and used all of the quack remedies, such as Cordials, Elixirs, Antidotes, Drops, Compressions, and Mechanical Instruments, 294. Chapter XXIV.—A few Words of Advice to Patients Affected with what are generally termed "Venereal Diseases," 321—A sample of the Ingredients, composing the different Advertised or Quack Remedies. 322.—Don't fail to read this advice to the afflicted, 324. Chapter XXV—Preventing Conception, 325,--Treatment of Fe- male Diseases, 326. Opinions of the Press Editorially, and many eminent Physicians, in favor of my superior abilities, 327. PART I. THE ANATOMY OF THE GENERATIVE ORGANS OF THE MALE AND FEMALE. Not only have the ancient and modern writers admitted the importance of the sexual organs being preserved in a perfect state of health and vigor, but every person possessed with a mind capable of a moment's reflection will see its importance on mankind at the present time, and particularly for" the future. The proper performance of the special functions with which they are charged has ever been considered essentially necessary to the health and well-being of the economy, both physical and men- tal. They are. parts of admirable construction, form, and use ; and constitute a striking evidence of the wonderful skill and contrivance in the adapta- tion of a special mechanism in the system for the performance of one of its most important and essen- tial functions:—that of the propagation of the species. Unequaled in the delicacy of their texture, and the comparative minuteness of their structure, their peculiar fitness for the functions assigned them in the economy, when they are in a state of perfect integrity, excites the astonishment and ad- 18 THE ANATOMY OF miration alike of the anatomist and the philosopher. Their very complexity, while it renders them liable to many disorders, by any of which their _ utility may be impaired, is wisely rendered subservient^ to the important purpose of separating and purifying the vivifying fluid. Like that complex and delicate piece of machinery —a watch—constructed by human skill, the organs of generation—a still more complex and more deli- cate apparatus, created by the Divine will—are liable to derangement and impairment of functions and structure from many causes, the nature and effects of which will be investigated in the following pages. In order, however, that these may be fully and clearly understood, it will be advisable to pre- face the observations we propose hereafter to offer respecting them, by some notice of the anatomical arrangement and physiological action of the organs which are immediately subservient to the function of generation, and also of those which are only indirectly connected therewith. The parts in man which are immediately con- nected with the functions just alluded to, are the testicles, by which the semen or seed is secreted, and of their appendages, through which the seminal fluid is transmitted to the urethra at its origin near the neck of the Madder, and of the penis, by means of which the act of copulation takes place, and through a canal in the under part of which, called the urethra, the seed is conveyed from the receptacles in which it is retained, to those organs, in the female, which are engaged in the functions of generation. The urinary organs, both male and female, may be regarded as subsidiary to this function, and many of the diseases to which they are liable, exert an THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 19 influence on its performance, and not unfrequently produce impotence, either temporary or permanent, according to the nature, (treatment, if employed,) 'and severity of the .disease. The Kidneys, which 'are the organs solely engaged in the secretion of the urine, are glandular bodies of an oblong shape, seated on either side of the spine, upon and below the two last ribs, and behind the stomach and intestines ; - the right kidney is also under the liver, when the man is in an erect position, and the left under the spleen: the right kidney is generally the lower and the larger. It is said that these organs are considerable in size in those persons whose passions are very strong, and almost uncontrollable, than they are in those who are less addicted to sensuality. In shape the kid- ney resembles the kidney-bean ; its structure is almost wholly made up of arteries and veins, with a few small branches of nerves, derived partly from those which are connected with the ribs, and thence called intercostal, and partly form a branch from the stomach, thus causing a great sympathy between those organs. The artery by which the kidneys are supplied with blood, which is partly used for the support of the organ, and partly for the secretion of urine, is derived directly from the aorta, or great artery of the body. When it enters the kidney, which it does about its middle, it divides into branches which again are divided into smaller ones, and these into smaller still, until they terminate in vessels so exceedingly minute as to be invisible to the naked eye. From these the veins are formed, and by these the urine is secreted, and falls by drops into a pouch which is situated about the middle or lower part of the organ, and 20 THE ANATOMY OF which forms the commencement of the ureter. The vein joins the great cava vein, and discharges its blood into what is called by anatomists the great portal system, by which it is conveyed to the liver, after it has been freed in the kidney from a certain portion of its serum, and also from certain salts. The nerves of the kidneys are few and small. • The Ureters are long hollow tubes, and consti- tute the continuation of the pelvis of the kidneys. There is one on each side of the body, and they pass downwards, and slightly inwards to the back and lower part of the bladder, which they pierce, running between its coats for about an inch, so that if the bladder should become exceedingly distended, its contents would not be forced back into these tubes. They are well supplied with branches of arteries, veins and nerves, and their sensibility, in a state of disease, is considerable. Their use is to convey the urine from the kidney into the bladder. The Bladder is situated in that part of the body called the pelvis. It is of considerable size, and admits, in some instances, of distension to a degree that would hardly be credited, were it not a well known fact. Such distension is at the risk of health and life. This organ in man lies directly on the bowels. It is of an oval shape, constitutes the great receptacle of the urine. The bladder is well supplied with arteries, veins and nerves. It has three coats, one of them being composed of muscular fibres ; its construction causes the ex- pulsion of the'urine ; it has on-that account been called the detrusor urinary. The neck of the bladder—which in man is longer and narrower, and in woman is shorter and wider— is surrounded by a sphincter muscle, by which the THE generative organs. 21 « continued running away of the urine is prevented, unless from disease the muscle has become useless. The process by which the secretion of the urine is effected, is one of exceeding interest. The blood from which it is to be separated", is conveyed to the organ by the venal artery, which divides into branches, supplying different parts of the organ ; and these again in their turn form scrches of com- munication with each other, whence spring minute arteries or branchlets; these again constituting a complete net-work of vessels by a general inoscula- tion. They terminate in the commencement of veins, and also in nriniferous tubes, by which latter the separation of the urine is effected. The crypts or cryptcB, small round or oval bodies, which are found everywhere in the net-work of vessels just spoken of, and which consist almost solely of ves- sels, are by some supposed to be the origin of the uriniferous tubes. The tubes terminate in a mam- miliar process, which projects into a small mem- branous bag, called from its shape the infundibu- lum or funnel; into this bag the urine passes from the uriniferous tubes; it is thence conveyed to the larger pouch called the pelvis, and afterwards through the ureter into the bladder. The last named pouch, like the pelvis of the kidney, the ureters, bladder and urethra, is defended from the acrimony of the urine by a secretion of mucus which lines and sheathes its inner coat. In patients laboring under some difficulty from stricture in passing urine, the mind will often greatly increase the secretion of that fluid, and multiply the calls to pass it from the body. This will be exemplified in the chapter on strictures. The Scrotum, is a bag of skin, divided about the 22 THE ANATOMY OF middle by a septum, so as to form two cavities, in each of which,a testicle is contained. The situa- tion of this septum is marked externally by an irre- gular line called the raphae. The contraction or corrugation of the scrotum, which occurs at times, is said by some anatomists to depend on the action of a muscle which they call dartos. The testicles or organs which* secrete the semen, are nourished and supplied with blood by long and tenaceous vessels which arise from the main arterial trunk, and are called spermatic arteries; the blood which they thus receive, serves for elimination and secretion of the seed, a process which is effected by the peculiar action of the testicles, and which secreting power affixes to these organs a value and importance in the human frame, not even second to that which attaches to those generally regarded by anatomists as the most noble, being those, the destruction or serious impairment of the functions of which may involve loss of life. The ancient Romans would not allow any one to bear witness against another in a court of justice, unless he were perfect in the organs of generation— unless the testicles were sound and entire. The papal clergy so far carry this rule into effect, that no one can be admitted a member of their priest- hood, against whom a similar defect can with truth be alleged. Occasionally the testicles, which before birth are lodged within the cavity of the abdomen, do not descend into the scrotum or purse, but remain in the belly, generally within what is called the abdominal canal. Sometimes one only is retained in the abdom n, and that, generally the left. In this situation they are exposed to various causes of THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 23 disease, and although not absolutely deprived of the power of secreting seed, yet their action is generally more or less imperfect, in all probability from the compression they undergo, and the constant irrita- tion to which they are subject, from the narrowness of the canal by which they are, in fact, somewhat elongated, and flattened, and smaller than usual. The spermatic artery is a long undulating, and tortuous vessel. The blood which is thus conveyed to the organs, after having been employed by the testicles for the separation and secretion of the seed, is»re-conveyed in a refuse state by other ves- sels, called the spermatic veins, back to the general circulatory system in the body. The double set of vessels, the veins and arteries,the old anatomists call the vasa deferentia, as being the parts prin- cipally concerned with the testicles in the prepara- tion of the seed. The spermatic arteries and veins axe remarkable for their smallness, which prevents their containing more than a small quantity of blood at a time. They pass obliquely downwards aud outwards, behind the peritoneum, and are contained in a com- mon protecting sheath with the veins, forming with the nerves of the testicles the spermatic chord ; they then run over the psoas muscles and ureters, and pass out through the rings of the abdomen and abdominal canal, over the os pubis, and into the scrotum, and supplies the testes, which also receives blood from the artery which supplies the vas deferens. The latter named organ, which is invested in its own sheath, called tunica vaginalis, is com- posed of the body of the* testicle, and the epididy- mis, the" latter being situated at the upper part. It consists of an infinite number of small tubes 24 THE ANATOMY OF (seminiferous) which terminate in the epididymis. These tubes are convoluted on each other, and closely connected together, but which, unraveled and injected with quicksilver, will extend to a con- siderable length. The spermatic veins arise in three sets from the testicle, two of which soon unite. They are exceed- ingly tortuous in their course, and'fully anastomose with each other, while in the lower part of the cord, but these inter-communications cease after vthey have entered the abdominal canal, on, leaving which, while crossing the psoas muscle, they unite together and form one vein, which, on the right side, terminates in the lower vena cava, and on the left in the vein which arises from the kidney on that side. The larger veins are* provided with valves. The nerves of the testicles are principally derived from those which supply the kidneys. They take the same course as the spermatic arteries, and constitute with them and the veins the spermatic cord. The spermatic nerves are finally distributed to the substance of the organ, to the due perform- ance of the function of which they are subsidiary. According to the correct laws of nature, each male person should have two testicles, one in each side of the scrotum, but I have had patients with but one, and some with three. It has been asserted that some males have been known to have four or/ five, but I doubt its truth. When a man has but one testicle, it is generally larger than is natural; and in those I have seen who had three, one was generally smaller than the other two,' but, in one case, one was larger than either of the other two. Such person's passions are generally stronger than those who have two; yet those who had but one, THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 25 differed but little from the major part of those who have two. Instances have been known of males never having any testicles from birth. Where these most important organs are natural in size, number and general appearance, they are generally nearly two inches in length, one and a half in the transverse direction, and one in thick- ness. The tunica vaginalis, or investing membrane of the testicles, consists of two layers, the inner one directly enveloping the testicle. It secretes a kind of serum which serves to lubricate it. Between the two layers of the vaginal tunic, is con- tained the fluid hydrocele of the scrotum. In some cases the cavity formed between the two layers of this membrane, remains continuous with the cavity of the abdomen. ' In such instances, there is the double danger of the occurrence of what is called congenital rupture. (Hernia.) Between the testicle and the tunica vaginalis, there is another tunic or coat, called the tunica albuginen, which is smooth, white, and inelastic. It completely covers the testicle, but not the epi- didymis. The testicle is also invested and protected by a muscle, called the cremaster. It expands all around the tunica vaginalis, which it closely em- braces, forming a hollow muscle, within which the testicle and .its tunics are contained, and which, when it is in action, contracts and draws the organ it encloses upwards to the abdomen, sustaining and compressing it, and forcing out along the vas deferens the semen previously secreted by the organ. The cremaster muscle is small and indistinct prior to puberty; after that period it is greatly developed in persons who are very muscular. It has already been observed, that the substance 26 THE ANATOMY of of the testicle consists of an infinite number of small tubes, which are called the tubule seminiferi. These are very numerous; the number has been calculated at eight hundred and forty, and their entire length at one thousand seven hundred and fifty feet, the mean length of each duct being twenty-five inches. They communicate readily with each other, and thus constitute one vast net-work of communication. Their size is greater in an active adult in the prime of life, while the organs are in full vigor. They differ in the testicles of the same individual. Two or more tubes unite and form a conical lobe, of these, there are between four and five hundred in each testicle. The Epididymis, which it has been stated is seated at the upper and back part of the testicle, is the continuation of the numerous seed-bearing tubes ; it descends along the back part of the tes- ticle, gradually becomes larger in diameter, but less convoluted until it begins to ascend, when it obtains the name of vas deferens. It is no longer than the testicle. It consists principally of seminal canals, from which arise in the after part of the right testes, the vasa efferentia, or defferent vessels, of which tubes there are generally twelve. Their average united length, is nearly eight feet, the separate length of each, being rather more than seven inches. The vas deferens, the excretory duct of the testi- cle, forms a constituent part of the spermatic cord, and is readily distinguished from the arteries, veins, nerves and absorbents, by its cartilaginous feel. It terminates in the seminal vesicle, immediately above r.nd behind the prostate'gland, and with it, forms the ejaculatory canal, which perforates the prosta- tic part of the urethra. THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 27 The testicles in the foetus, are situated in the abdomen, immediately below the kidneys. The epididymis is about one-third larger relatively to the body of the testicle, than it is in the adult. Towards the close of the period of puberty, the testicles are generally found in the scrotum. The non-descent of both testicles is of comparatively rare occurrence. One sometimes remains perma- nently/fixed in the situation which it occupied when the child was born, but it occasionally descends prior to puberty, most generally between the second and the tenth year. An operation for the descent of a testicle, is tedious, severe, and sometimes fatal. The testicles not having descended into the scrotum, are not generally deprived of their power of genera- tion. In some cases, their integrity is full. It occasionally happens that the testicles do not attain their full size and power of secreting semen. Such instances are not beyond the influence of the proper treatment, however, unless they occur in the per- sons of idiots. This is treated upon in the subse- quent pages of this work. Semen will not combine with water at any tem- perature, from zero to the boiling point, unless it has previously been liquified in nitric or sulphuric acids. The amount of seminal fluid emitted during the act of sexual congress, varies from one to two or three drachms. As stated in the following pages of this work, healthy semen contains ani- malculas. The spermatozoa are imperfect or deficient in the semen of mules or hybrid animals. Hence depends, in all probability, the impotence or ster- ility of those creatures. They are generally utterly incapable of generation. There are, however, in- 28 THE ANATOMY OF stances both among the mammalia and birds, of individuals belonging to species universally held to be distinct, uniting and producing young, which again were prolific. The mule can engender with the mare, and the she mule can conceive. They occur, however, more frequently in wrarm countries. Buffon says, the offspring of the he goat and ewe, possess perfect powers of re-production. We might expect these animals, with the addition of the Chamois, to copulate together easily, because they are nearly of the same size, very similar in internal structure, and accustomed to artificial domestic life, and to the society of each other from birth up- wards. There is a similar facility in some birds, when such unions are often fruitful, and produce prolific offspring. The cock and hen canary birds, produce with the hen and cock, siskins and. gold- finch ; the hen canary produces with the cock chaffinch, bullfinch, yellow-hammer, and sparrow. The progeny in all these cases is prolific, and breeds not only 'with both the species from which they spring, but likewise with each other. The common cock, and the hen partridge, as well as the cock and Guinea hen, and the pheasant and the hen, can produce together. Notwithstanding all these, and perhaps other examples which might be adduced, the general rule is, that hybrids are incompetent to perform the act of generation, so as to produce offspring ; and it is a wise provision of nature that such should be the case, to prevent the world being inhabited by monstrous creatures, as would be the case, were it the general rule that- fecundation followed the act of copulation, when practised by the offspring of parents of different species. THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 29 The YESicuLiE Seminales, or seminal vesicles, are two sacs or oblique bags, behind and below the bladder, between it and the rectum, and closely connected with it by cellular "tissue. That part which is applied against the bladder is concave, the opposite surface convex. They occupy an *oblique position, their lower extremities being separated only by the different vessels, while their upper ends are at a considerable distance from each other. The latter are the larger, and their greatest breadth is generally three or four times less than their length, and their thickness is about oue-third of their breadth; they are about three fingers, breadth in length; the contents pass through vesi- cles from one part of the tube to the other. The seminal vesicles have two coats ; on the sur- face of the inner one small cells exist. It, no doubt, is a secreting membrane. The seminal vesi- cles are well supplied with arteries, veins, nerves and absorbents. Near the prostate cells cease to appear ; the«vesicle contracts, and forms a kind of duct which unites with the vas deferens at a very acute angle, the place of union being marked by a projecting septum or-valve, by which the contents of the defferent vessels are directed into the seminal vesicle. The ejaculatory duct thus formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle, is from half an inch to three quarters long ; it continues to be- come narrower as it passes behind the third lobe of the prostate, perforates that body, and running some way along the under surface of the urethra, enters that canal obliquely by a small opening on the side of the caput gallinaginis. The junction of the two vessels which form this common duct, is 3* 30 THE ANATOMY OF such, notwithstanding the acuteness of the angle, air^gently thrown into the vas deferens by a blow pipe, will inflate t!.e seminal vesicle before it enters the urethra, but if ili-.^wn with violence, it will im- mediately inflate both the urethra and seminal vesi- cle. The seminal vesicles are very large in the boar, and divided into cells of considerable extent, * having one common duct. They have no commu- nication with the vas deferens in the rat, nor in the beaver. In the Guinea pig, they constitute long cylindrical tubes, and have not any communication with the defferent vessels. These facts do not afford conclusive proof, however, that the seed may not pass into the vesicles from the defferent vessels in the human subject. Notwithstanding the acuteness of the angle between the two vessels at their junc- tion, from the length of the common tube the wide- ness of that part of. it formed by the vesicle when the two vessels meet, and the very small aperture by which it opens into the urethra, the fluid, which form the length and contortion of t\ie seminal tubes, must pass very slowly from the testicles, will insinu- ate itself much more readily through the large com- munication with the vesicle, than through the very small ones with the urethra, unless it be prevented from so doing by the vesicle attempting to throw its contents into the urethra at the same time. During coition, this attempt is made, and both fluids pass at once into the urethra, where the fluid secreted by the vesicles being added to that com in o* from the testicles by the defferent vessels, between them, a proper quantity is produced to distend suf- ficiently the sinus of the urethra, that the muscles of ejection may act on its contents with more power. THE GENERATIVE -ORGANS. 31 t From the frequent excitement of the passions, and their gratification being denied in the civilized state of human society, fluid must often be secreted in the testicles at times, when it cannot be natu- rally evacuated; and although the accumulation of it in this organ sometimes produces tension and pain, the fullness of the vessels often subsides with- out these unpleasant symptoms having taken place. Thus, when the vis a tergo no longer drives the semen slowly on, the muscular properties of the vas deferens may assist in conveying that fluid on towards the vesicles, which may receive it until the time of ejectment arrives. They may thus under particular circumstances,—more likely to occur in the human species than in brutes,—be employed as reservoirs, although their ordinary use may be to secrete a fluid which, mixing with the semen during coition, may render the act more perfect, and more likely,, therefore, to produce fecundation. An additional reason may be adduced in support of the theory, that the seminal vesicles act as reser- voirs for the seed in man, in the well known fact, that animals possessing a penis, but destitute of seminal vesicles, remain for a long time in sexual contact, because the fluid necessary for fecundation, from the long course it has to take during copula- tion, only flows from the urethra drop by drop. A distinct communication between the seminal vesicles and the deferent, takes place only in man, and in those animals which most resemble him in form, as in the whole tribe of the simiae. The vesicles are altogether absent/in the lion, panther, cat and dog. The prostate gland, in shape and size, resembles a chestnut. It is situated below and behind the 32 THE ANATOMY OF bladder, and above and in front of the rectum. The base inclines upwards and backwards, the apex pointing downwards and forwards. A notch in the middle of the base, divides the prostate into two lateral lobes, immediately above which are the lowest parts of the deferent vessels, and seminal vesicles, the ducts of which begin to perforate the gland in the middle of the notch; and then pass into the under part of the urethra, where it is sur- rounded by the substance of the gland. The neck of the bladder is surrounded by the prostate, as is also the commencement of the urethra. When the prostate gland becomes enlarged from diseases, it passes upward towards the cavity of the bladder, immediately behind the commencement of the urethra, and occasionally bends over that opening, acting as a sort of valve to prevent the expulsion of the urine. The veins and absorbents of the prostate are numerous, and empty themselves into those which are connected with the bladder. The fluid which it secretes is of a white or cream color; it is viscid, and has a slightly salt taste. Its use seems to be to lubricate the surface of the urethra, along which the semen is to pass. It is thrown out in considerable quantity, when the parts are in a state fit for immediate copulation; much of it then unites with the seminal fluid, and is discharged with that fluid when emission takes place. The fluid of the prostate, like that of the seminal vesicles, is not absolutely necessary for the pur- poses of generation in all animals which possess testicles ; and although the gland is found in man and the tribes of the simiae, the lion, dog, etc., it is not present in the bull, the buck, and ram, and goat, and most probably in all ruminating animals. THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 33 Both the gland and the seminal vesicles are want- ing in birds and amphibious animals, and in fish which have testicles, as the ray kind. The prostate is said to be double in the elephant, camel, horse, and some other animals. The semen is never evacuated, but where the liquor of the prostate gland goes before, and follows after it. It is obvi- vious, therefore, how powerfully it must conduce to health, to have the secretion of this gland in a sound and pure state, as it is so intimately connected with the finest functions in the animal economy. The seed and secretion of the prostate gland are intimately mixed together in the urethra. The appearance of the secretion of the prostate, when diseased, nearly resembles putrid matter. It is plentifully secreted in good health, and seems intended by nature to be a vehicle to dilute, nourish, and convey the thick and ash-colored concocted semen. We have seen in the most healthy men, who have long abstained from venery, a running of the humor from this gland, from its being in a relaxed state, during which the semen will be emited by the slightest straining, and from ideas of the mind, both while awake and asleep. The sooner the patient gets this relaxed state restored the better. I very often cure patients who had been under the charge of physicians, surgeons, and pro- fessors of our colleges, and who treated them for a venereal or gonorrhoea! affection, when, in fact, it was a diseased prostate and the neighboring parts. Errors of this kind produce great injury. Eunuchs often eject prostatic liquor when they have an erec- tion ; "geldings often do tjae same when they strive to leap. Good semen cannot be found when these parts are diseased ; great caution should, therefore, 34 THE ANATOMY OF be observed by all those entering the marriage state, to be well assured that this humor of the prostate is in a sound and healthy state ; various evils will arise in consequence, especially sterility and impotence. Healthy men continually separate semen from . the blood, which, being retained and inspissated, like the white of an egg or starch, would-be most immoveable, if it were not for the more thin juice of the prostate gland, when in a sound state, which mixes with it, and serves to-lubricate the urethra, almost like an oil. Besides this, as the animalculae must stay a long time, perhaps, before it arrives in the uterus or womb, it seems necessary for it to be provided with a suitable aliment; for, unless nature nourished the animalculae when formed, it would certainly perish or become extinct: and this nutri- tious liquor is that of the prostate gland, which in some animals is larger than are the testicles them- selves. Cowper's glands, which are situate between the bulb of the urethra and the membranous portion, are about the size of two small garden peas. They open into the canal by two small ducts, and appear to secrete a mucus which serves to lubricate the urethra. The urethra, a membranous canal, extending from the neck of the bladder to the end of the penis, is divided into the prostatic, membranous, bulbous, and pendulous portions. Its coats are the same as those of the bladder, of which it is apparently a prolongation. The first or prostatic portion, com- mencing immediately fronwthe neck of the bladder, is surrounded by the prostate. On the under side of its internal surface there is a projecting body, THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 35 on the sides of which the common ducts of the deferent vessels and seminal .vesicles open into the canal, as also the ducts of the prostate. The portion of the urethra between the prostatic and bulbous portions, is called the membranous; and the reason that has been alleged for this is, because its circumference is less than that of any other part of the canal., Its length is generally about an inch when the penis is in a state of erection ; when otherwise, it is somewhat less. It is cylindrical in form for about half its length. The urethra soon after takes the name bulbous, when it meets with • the pendulous portion of the bulb, the substance of which, however, it does not enter until it reaches the arch of the pubis. At this part it is attached to the symphysis by muscular fibres. These muscles are influential in the expulsion of the semen., Tiie urethra at this part enlarges somewhat at its under part, forming a kind of sinus. The canal afterwards bends forwards, and is surrounded by the spongy bodies through its course along the under surface of the penis> The whole of the internal surface of urethra is abundantly supplied with mucus to defend it from the acrimony of the urine. It is secreted partly by vessels which form small projections on the inner surface of the canal', as shown in the engraving, and partly by glandular structures situated at the bottom and sides of the very numerous lucunas, or depressions, dispersed over every part of the internal membrane, the openings of which are directed towards the termination of the urethra, so that the mucus is pressed out of their cavities by the urine as it flows from the bladder. The urethra is very vascular, and possesses a certain 36 THE ANATOMY OF degree of elasticity. Its membranes are very thin, and almost transparent, and without fibres, so that in itself it does not possess the power of muscular contraction and relaxation. It is, however, pro- vided with muscles, the action of which is to assist the expulsion of the urine, and also of the semen during copulation. The whole length of the penis is about twelve inches, though it varies much in different individuals. The Penis consists of the cavernous bodies, (Cor- poro cavernosa,) and of the spongy body, (Corpus spongiosum,) the latter terminating in the gland or* glands. The cavernous bodies constitute the upper part of the penis ; in the upper groove there being a large vein, two arteries, nerves and absorbents, and in the lower the spongy body surrounding the urethra. The convex conical surface of the gland is covered by a fine membrane, in color resembling the red part of the lips. At its base, or corners, there are rows of projecting papillar, which secrete a sebaceous matter, having a peculiar smell. The gland, which possesses exquisite sensibility, is pro- tected by the loose covering called the prepuce or foreskin, which is tied to the penis, immediately below "the orifice of the urethra, by the band called frsenuru : this limits the motion of the prepuce, and tends to keep it in its proper place. Th^ spongy substance of the urethra, which forms the glans penis, is covered externally with an exceeding thin membrane or cuticle, under which are placed the very sensible nervous papilla?, which are the chief seat and cause of pleasure and pain in this part. We may now understand why many, in the venereal act, have not the glans distended, though the whole penis is at the same time turgid, THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 3t because the glans belong entirely to the cavernous body of the urethra; and if that body be paralytic or weakened from any preceding or existing cause, which we have often known to proceed from un- natural practices ; in all those people where the spongy body of the urethra is not distended, impo- tence will arise, which, if not perfectly understood, 9 cannot be cured by any physi®ian; whereas, in healthy men, when these organs are in due tone during the orgasmus veneris, or the moment before the semen is ejected, the glans and whole cavernous body of the urethra are extremely turgid, so as to * be ready to burst; but soon after, a kind of con- vulsive motion follows, and the semen is discharged with a slight loss of strength for a little time throughout the whole body, which soon recovers its usual vigor. During coition, the corpus spongiosum and glans penis are rendered turgid by the blood filling their vascular structure, and the whole of the urethra is lengthened, but made narrower and straighter. The seed is gradually deposited in the sinus of the bulb, the glans being placed at the other extremity of the corpus spongiosum, and endowed with a pecu- liar sensibility. When a sufficient quantity of semen is collected, it excites the muscles covering the bulb to action, and the contraction of the fibres taking place, the semen is propelled rapidly along the canal; the blood in the bulb is at the same time pressed forwards, but requiring a greater impulse, it forma an undulatory wave behind the semen, narrowing the urethra, and urging on the semen with in- creased force. When the passion of desire does not exist, the blood is not poured out into the cells of the corpora 4 38 THE ANATOMY OF cavernosa, but returns by the veins as usual, and the penis remains flaccid; but when a person is under the influence of particular impressions which excite the nerves of these parts, the minute arterial branches, which before had their orifices closed, have their action suddenly increased, and pour i from their open mouths the blood into these cells, so as to distend them, of course overcoming the elastic power that, under ordinary circumstances, keeps them collapsed. In this way the penis is rendered fit to convey the semen to the female organs of generation. The erection of the penis is greatly aided by the action of certain muscles, called the erectors of the penis. The great vein of the penis is formed by branches from the gland, sides of the corpus spongiosum, and common integuments, runs along the back of the penis in the upper groove to its root, where it divides into two vessels which pass under the arch of the pubis, receive other veins from the prostate and bladder, and empty themselves into the internal iliac. The absorbents of the penis are very numer- ous, and terminate in the glands of the groins. A few observations here on puberty, and the changes it effects in the system, will, I think, be most opportune. The approach of puberty, induces marked changes in the general system of the male and female, as well as in the local organs which are subservient to generation. The growth of hair on the chin, upper lip, and sides of the face of the male, and on the pubes of male and female; the peculiar alteration of the voice, especially in the man, the greater firm- ness of muscle, the extraordinary change in the passions and feelings, together with the great in- THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 39 crease in the size of the penis and testicles of the man, show the advent of a peculiar change in the system, by which it is adapted for the propagation of the species. The desire for coition, implanted by nature for a wise purpose, becomes developed after the period of puberty, and the organs by which the act is performed, gradually assume their full vigor and dimensions. .. The age at which the peculiar changes in the organism called puberty takes place, varies in dif- ferent climates and in different constitutions. It i8 also influenced by the mode of life and circum- stances of "the individual. The period of puberty occurs earlier in warm than in cold climates; in temperate countries, it takes place from the four- teenth to the seventeenth year; the passions of youth living in large cities and towns, are, however, excited earlier than are those of the agricultural population, on account of the greater sources of temptation to which they are exposed. In those animals which are not endowed with reason to guide their actions, the desire for copula- tion occurs periodically, and in some the testicles increase in size until the season of procreation is over, and then decrease, and continue small, until the commencement of the next season. Evidence of this may readily be found in the testicles of the cock-sparrow, which progressively increase in size from January till the end of April, when the love season of these birds usually terminates. The in- crease and diminution of these organs, however, do not take place in birds only, but has been dis- covered in many other animals, more especially in the land-mouse and mole. There are several reasons which might be alleged 40 THE ANATOMY OF for the existence of a periodical desire for copula- tion among animals—were it otherwise, as the pas- sion for sexual intercourse is very powerful, and animals do not possess the light of reason so as to be enabled to restrain or subdue their passions, it is probable that from its excessive indulgence, all their other habits might be lost, and even the necessity of providing for their present and future wants might be forgotten; besides which, in those animals which are very fruitful, and which do not long carry their young, their number would be in a short time exceedingly great, far beyond the means of support that nature has provided for them. Another reason might be alleged, that, were domestic animals always in heat, they would be of comparatively little service to man, while the flesh of wild ones would be too coarse and rank, and altogether unfit for the purposes of nourish- ment. The period of the year during which the desire for copulation principally exists in animals, is that of spring—few experience any sexual desire during the winter, except the frog, wolf and fox; the severity of the cold seems to destroy, at least for the time, all such feelings. On the other hand, in climates where the summer is very hot, the geni- tal organs of animals become so much relaxed in tone, as to render them unfit for the proper per- formance of the necessary act. The case is, how- ever, somewhat different in domestic animals; the passion is less periodical, the secretion of semen, not being arrested by cold, to which they are much less exposed, and the circumstances in which they are placed being altogether different. Generally the desire in the male and female for procreation arises at puberty, and may be indulged THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 41 in, if health and the requisite powers continue, at all times and seasons of the year. Being endowed by nature with the high, and exalted function of rea- • son, they are left free agents, having the full power to use or abuse such capabilities, with the conscious- ness that if they do abuse the functions with which they are gifted, they must abide the penalty. Man is not affected by changes of temperature as are the wild animals, either as respects excessive heat or in- tense cold, and, consequently the human testicles are generally the same in dimensions after puberty throughout the year. The secretion of semen by man, begins about the period of puberty. The passion for copulation, and the secretion of semen, are indications of the great change which takes place in the system at that time. Those eunuchs only are not influenced by the desire for procrea- tion who were deprived of the organs of generation prior to puberty; those who were castrated subse- quent to that event, still entertain the desire for in- tercourse, although in a less degree than men who have all their organs entire. Desire is more lan- guid in advanced age, than during the period of the adult life; the semen is then more sparingly secre- ted, and, indeed, all the functions of the system are performed in a less energetic manner, although, as will soon be shown, old men are not in every instance deprived of the power of generation. Desire is also generally moderate in persons who have small organs, occasionally it is altogether absent. To the use of the sexual organs for the continu- ance of his race, man is prompted by a powerful in- . stinctive desire, which he shares with the lower animals. This instinct is excited by sensations; and these may either originate in the sexual organs 4* 42 THE ANATOMY OF themselves, or may be excited through the organs of special sensation. Thus in man it is most pow- erfully aroused by impressions conveyed through £ the sight or touch; in many animals the auditory and olfactory organs communicate impressions which have an equal power; and it is not improba- ble that in certain morbidly excited states of feel- ing, the same may be the case in ourselves. Local impressions—as stated in the subsequent part of this work—has a very powerful effect in exciting sexual desire, as the experience of almost every one will attest; local diseases, as hereafter mentioned, often cause the most criminal acts. The instinct, for sexual intercourse, when once aroused, even though very obscurely felt, acts upon the mental feelings, and thus becomes the source, though al- most unconsciously so to the individual, of the tendency to form that kind of attachment towards one of the opposite sex, which is known as love. This tendency cannot be regarded as a simple pas- sion or emotion since it is the result of the combined operations of the reason, the imagination, and the moral feelings; and it is the engraftment, so to speak, of the physical attachment upon mere cor- poreal instinct, that a difference exists between the sexual relations of man, and those of the lower animals. FEMALE GENERATIVE ORGANS. The female organs of generation are classed in two divisions—External and Internal. The Exter- • nal consists of the mens veneris, labia externa, perin- eum, clitoris with its prepuce, nymphae, vestibule, \ THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 43 meatus urinarious, hymen in virgins, and carunculae myrtiformies in matrons. The Internal are the vagina, uterus, two ovaries, and two fallopian tubes. The latter four are strictly copulative, and the others, generative organs. THE VULVA. The vulva, or pudendum, is a collective designa- tion for the external female genitals, including the mons veneris, the internal and external labia, the clitoris, and the orifice of the vagina. The mons veneris, which is the same as in man, is the elevation of the integuments directly over the pubis. It is constituted of condensed cellular tis- sue and adipose matter, and in the adult is covered with hair. The labia externa, or majora, are two folds of skin continuous with the mons veneris; they extend in the longitudinal direction, and terminate below in an angular commissure,—the fourchette. Like the mons veneris, they are composed of cellular tis- sue and fat, and form the anterior boundary of the sexual organs. The internal lining of these parts is a delicate, vascular epithelium, which is fur- nished with mucus follicles. The distance between the fourchette and the anus constitute the perineum and is about an inch in length. The labia interna or minora, called also the nymphce, are duplicatures of the epithelial mem- brane within the external labia. They arise from the anterior commissure of those bodies, and sur- round the base of the clitoris, thus forming the preputium ditoridis. At the inferior margin of the clitoridis the folds of the nymphse unite in the frcenu- 44 THE ANATOMY OF lum, from which point they diverge, and are gradu- ally lost on the inner surface of the labia majora, at the orifice of the vagina. The clitoris, in several respects, resembles the male penis. It is formed of erectile tissue, and arises by two crura from the rami of the pubis and ischium. It has also a sus- pensory ligament, but is imperforate, and seldom exceeds the length of half an inch. Its free portion is called the glans clitoridis; its internal structure is similar to that of the corpora cavernosa penis, and, like the latter, also, it is an erectile tissue, acted upon by a small muscle, the erector clitoridis. These muscular fibres arise from the rami of the pubis and ischium, pass on the under surface of the clitoris, and terminate at its apex. The orifice of the urethra is within the vulva, about an inch behind the clitoris, and directly above the vagina, where its position is marked by a small tubercle. The orifice of the vagina is an elleptical opening below or behind the meatus urinarious, having a thickened margin, and being founded laterly by the nymphse. It is usually more or less closed by a duplication of mucous membrane, the hymen, which exists sometimes as a perforated septum, and some- times as a semilunar fold. It is more rarely imper- forate; in Other circumstances, it has two or more orifices, and again it is represented by a partial, fringed margin, or may be congenitally deficient. Its rupture leaves an irregular edge, with thickened cicatrices, known as the carunculae myrtiformes. The vestibulum is the triangular surface between the clitoris before, and the vagina behind; the urethra opens into it, and it is bounded latterly by the labia interna. 45 the renal plexus. THE FALLOPIAN TUBES. These trumpet-shaped canals are given off from . the superior angles of the uterus. They are em- braced within the folds of the broad ligaments, being undulated in their course and variable in their diameter. They are four or five inches in length, and extend almost to the sides'of the pelvis. Their diameter at the uterine^ orifice will only admit a bristle, but the canal at its external or free ter- mination is as large as a quill. This outer end is broken into a.triple series of fringe-like irregular processes of unequal length, constituting the fim- briated portion, or corpus finebrialum, in the centre of which is seen the orifice of the tube called the otium abdominale. One of the processes is attached to the proximate part of the corresponding ovary, by which means these structures are retained in their relative position. The tube is in itself a strong fibrous cord resem- bling the tissue of the unimpregnated uterus, and it is invested by the peritoneum by being placed between the duplication of this membrane that forms the broad ligament. The internal coat is mucus, analogous to that which lines the uterus, and re- markable for presenting a gradual transition into the peritonial coat, with which, at its fimbriated orifice, it is continuous ; in other words, the mucus terminates in a serous membrane, and thus in the two openings of the Fallopian tubes exist the only THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 6I two normal perforations of the otherwise perfect sac of the peritoneum. The use of the Fallopian tube is that of an oviduct. It receives the ovum from the ovary and transmits it to the uterus, and also provides it with a double envelope—.-an internal one of a gelatinous or albuminous nature, and an external one, the ■chorion, which is fibrous, and appears to be pro- duced by the exudation of fibrine from the lining membrane of the tube. THE OVARIES. These bodies, one on each side, are placed within a duplication of the broad ligament, and behind the Fallopian tubes. They are of a flattened oval form, reddish-white color, and unequal fissured surface. They are retained in their position partly by the broad ligament, and partly by an ovarian ligament, a rounded cord that connects them with the upper angles of„ the uterus, below the Fallopian tube. The ovaries are about an inch in length, and their distance from the uterus is about an inch and a half. They have an external investment derived from the peritoneum; within which, and closely adherent to it, is the proper fibrous capsule, strongly resembling the tunica albuginea of the male, and, like the latter, sending prolongations into the gland that divides it into irregular compartments resem- bling a network of areolar tissue. Within and lining this fibrous capsule is a vascular membrane, analogous to the tunica vasculosa in man. The fibrous and vascular tissues are intimately blended into a spongy mass, called stroma, in the midst of which are the Graafian vesicles, of which bodies .5* 54 THE ANATOMY OF ten or fifteen exist in a mature state in each ovary, besides a vast number that are imperfectly developed and never reach the perfect state. The Graafian vesicle, or ovisac, consists of two layers, of which the outer one is a mere vascular thickening of the surrounding ovarian stroma; while the internal one, which is the true ovisac, is transparent, and has no obvious structure. Within it is placed the ovum, the latent germ of the future being, between which and ovisac is a granular mat- ter, arranged in the following manner: a series of the granules surround the ovum in a discoidal form, and assume the appearance of cells, so united as to form a sort of membrane, which is called by Dr. Barry the tunica granulosa, by others the proligerous disk. The granules that line the ovisac within are also collected in a membraniform structure, the mem- brana granulosa. These two parts are connected by four band-like extensions of the same cellulo- membranous structure, which seem to suspend the ovum in its place, and are called the retinacula. The space between the membranes which is not occupied by the retinacula, is filled with fluid, in which few or no cells can be seen. The corpus luteum is a yellowish, spongy tissue, granular, friable and vascular, having a small cen- tral cavity lined by a delicate membrane. It is the cicatrix left after the escape of the ovum from the ovary, and consequently varies much in size accord- ing to the time which has elapsed since conception. At first it is large, bean-shaped, and prominent, so as to occupy from a fourth to a half of the ovarium. But after parturition it diminishes in size, and in a a few months a cicatrix alone remains, and even this is finally effaced. Whence it happens that THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 55 neither the corpora lutea, nor their remaining cica- trices, are certain indications of the number of chil- dren a woman may have borne. Dr. C. D. Meigs has published an interesting memoir on the corpus luteum, in which he maintains that the apparent structure, form, color, odor, coagulability and re- fractive power of this body are similar to those of the yolk of the egg; a true vitellary matter " de- posited outside of the inner concentric spherule or ovisac of the Graafian vesicle." FUNCTION OF THE OVARIO-UTERINE SYSTEM. The result of successful coition between the two sexes is the injection of a certain portion of the spermatic fluid into the vagina; and fecundation appears to consist in the direct communication of the male spermatozoa with the Graafian vesicle of the ovarium, through the fissure of the zona pellu- cida to the contained ovum, which ruptures and escapes from the ovisac. The corresponding" Fallo- pian tube simultaneously embraces, by its fimbriated extremity, the ovarian surface, and receives the detached ovum into its canal, while the ovisac itself remains as tftie lining membrane of the corpus luteum. While the fecundated ovum is yet in the Fallopian tube it acquires a gelatinous covering, the amnion, which is again surrounded by a mem- brane of fibrous texture, called the chorion. The amnion secretes a fluid, the liquor amnii, in which the germ is suspended. How long the ovum re- mains in the oviduct, in .other words, what time it takes in its transit from the ovary to the uterus is not certain, but appears to vary from eight to. four- teen days. The first action of the uterus is the 56 THE ANATOMY OF secretion, on its inner surface, of a delicate cibriform membrane, the decidual which is composed of two layers, the decidua vera, that lines the uterus, and the decidua refiexa, that covers the ovum. Next forms the placenta, which results from the pene- tration of the vili of the chorion into the structure of the decidua vera. Its foetal portion is derived from the umbilical vessels, which diverge in every direction from the point at which they enter its substance; or, in other words, it is generated by the extensions of the vascular tufts of the chorion, formed from the capillary terminations of the um- bilical arteries and veins. The maternal portion of the placenta is formed by the enlargement of the decidual uterine vessels, and these assume the char- acter of sinuses, against which the foetal tufts pro- ject so as to form out of it a sheath for themselves. The blood is conveyed into the maternal placenta by the uterine arteries, and is returned by the corres- ponding system of veins ; but there is no direct vascular communication between the two placentae. puberty. ^ The period of puberty, the commencement of that part of life which is distinguished by the capa- bility of propagating the species, does not occur exactly simultaneously in the two sexes; and still greater variety in this respect is caused by differ- ence of nation and climate. Puberty declares it- self in the female sex of our climate about the twelfth, thirteenth or fourteenth year, sometimes later, and is indicated by the occurrence of men- struation. In the male sex puberty begins about the fourteenth, fifteenth, or sixteenth year, and is THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 57 attended with the secretion of semen, and with the occurrence of discharges of that fluid. In hot cli- mates the body undergoes the changes of puberty earlier than in cold climates. It is stated that in the hot regions of Africa they take place in the female sex as early as the eighth year, and during the ninth in Persia. Young Jewesses are said to menstruate earlier than other females. The capa- bility of reproduction generally ceases in the female sex, together with the function of menstruation, between the forty-fifth and fiftieth years. The du- ration of the reproductive power in man cannot be so exactly defined; in general, it continues longer than in woman, and not unfrequently very old men manifest a remarkable degree of virile power. The changes in the system which characterize the period of puberty are partly local, affecting the gene- rative organs, and partly of a general nature. The local changes consist in - the growth of hair on the pubes in both sexes; in the menstruation of the fe- male; in the copious formation of semen, and occur- rence of erection in the male; and in the enlarge- ment of the breasts in the female sex. The general changes of the system affect principally the respia- tory and vocal apparatus, the entire form of the body and the physiognomy, the character of the mind, and the feelings relating to the sexes. The respiratory organs acquire an increase of volume at the age of puberty, especially in the male sex; and the vocal apparatus undergoes the change so readily noticed in boys of sixteen to eighteen, the shrill, squeaking, broken and ultimately the deep-toned masculine voice. The whole body'attains its most perfect form; while the features receive their stamp of individuality, and present signs serving to express 58 THE ANATOMY OF ' the passions, though they are not as strongly marked as in many adults. Boyish indifference is changed to the most marked attention to the oppo- site sex. Sexual ideas arise instinctively and ob- scurely in the mind, and set in action the creative power of the imagination, but, at the- same time, by their influence on the whole mind, call into play the noblest mental faculties, so as to elevate and adorn the feeling of love. MENSTRUATION. Menstruation is the periodical discharge from the female generative organs of a bloody fluid poured out by the inner surface of the uterus. The first discharge is usually preceded and accompanied by some symptoms of general disturbance of the system, namely, by abdominal congestion, pain in the loins and a sense of fatigue in the lower limbs. Its periodical return is also attended in most women by unusual symptoms, which vary in differ- ent persons. The menstrual periods occur usually at intervals of a solar month; their duration being from three to six days. In some women the inter- vals »are as short as three weeks, or even less; while in others they are longer than a month. Aristotle made the extraordinary statement, that menstruation rarely occurs every month; but in most women only every three months. This is evidence that the sage philosopher was an old bachelor, and studied books and not nature. I might as well add here, that those absurd and mis- chievous books purporting to have been written by Aristotle, are full of as false statements, silly direc- tions, and are blind leaders of the blind. THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 59 Menstruation does not usually occur in pregnant women, nor in most cases in those who are suckling. In rare instances, however, it continues during the period of suckling, and even during pregnancy. The sun, moon, stars, nor even the migratory comet, do not exert an influence over this function, for upon every day in the month different females have their catamenia. It is now well known that the menstrual periods tend to regulate and moderate sexual indulgence. This will be more fully ex- plained under the head of Conception. SEXUAL INTERCOURSE. All the phenomina connected with the sexes which animals present, are dependant on the forma- tive generative organs; the ovaries and testes, and on the influence which they exert on the rest of the organism. Not merely does castration during youth, for the most part, prevent the development of the sexual feelings and emotions, but even when performed at adult age, that operation destroys almost entirely the sexual excitability. This is also the case with animals, in which common obser- vation "detects its effects. The almost entire physical change which occurs in animals after this operation is readily m :; - >e of its controlling influence over the body asV-.li as over the mind of men and animals. In both sexes the act of coition is attended with pleasurable sensations, but their respective share in the act itself is very different. In the female there is but a partial expenditure of the nervous power, when she fully participates in the sexual act, and none scarcely when her feelings do not prompt her 60 THE ANATOMY OF " to return the ardor of the male; neither does she expend any nervous power in the production of erection; no energetic rythmic muscular contrac- tions when the venereal excitement has reached its height, and no emission of semen ; but merely an increased secretion from the vagina, excited by the impressions on the sensitive nerves of the female sexual organs, and serving to lubricate the passage to facilitate sexual commerce. The man feels exhausted after the act; the woman simply yields herself up to the pleasureable excite- ment. The clitoris, which is known to be the part most susceptible of the pleasurable sensations in in females, is not like the penis of the male, ren- dered by friction the seat of intense sensation and nervous excitement during coition, and hence its excitability is found not to be wholly exhausted after the act is completed. SEMEN. The semen, or fecundating matter, contains the property which gives integrity to the germ, and is capable of determining the particular form of the new animal or plant, but it is defective and cannot develop that form until it has united with the female germ. The defects of the ovum, or germ, and of *the semen, are not the same in nature, for * each contains that part in which the other is defi- cient. The ovum and semen are not similar halves of one whole. The ovum of animals contains the part destined to germinate, and is, in fact, the primary particle which forms the basis of the new organism, and maintains uniterrupted the chain of organization. The semen, on the contrary, does TH*E GENERATIVE ORGANS. 61 not itself germinate, but is a fluid excitor of ger- mination, endowed with the power of determining the form, not only of the species, but of the indi- vidual organism which produced it. CONCEPTION. Pregnancy may occur at any period after men- struation has been established, and until the cessa- tion of that function. That conception occurs more readily immediately after the menstrual periods is a remarkable fact; but that it will not take place after eight or twelve days from that period, as stated in some books, written to misguide, or from ignorance, is absurd and untrue. The catamenial function is Nature's guarantee that the females in whom it exists, are capable of conceiving and bearing offspring. The conditions necessary to the consummation of this object is, that the semen or seed from the opposite sex should enter the womb. Quantity has nothing to do with the success. The grand office of the semen is to awaken the life which previously exists in the animulculae in the ovaries of the female, and constitute (so to speak) the characteristic principles of vitality of both into one individual embryo. To effect successful commerce between the sexes nature has arranged the organs of generation to a perfect adaptation, and impressed all animals with the desire to cohabit. The reward of obedience to these natural laws are perfect physical happiness and the procreation of the species. In man and mammalia fecundation is the result 6 62 THE ANATOMY OF of the successful union of the sexes, in which tfhe semen of the male enters the womb, traverses the Fallopian tubes to the ovum, and then comes into direct contact, in order that the function of impreg- nation be matured. This has been proved beyond the possibility of a doubt, by direct experiments upon numerous animals with uniformly the same result. It has been frequently observed that men" whose copulative organs are very short, or-those in whom the malformation consists of the opening or mouth of the penis terminating any considerable distance from the end of the organ, are rendered impotent; from the fact simply that the condition of the penis prevents the semen from being thrown directly into the womb. PASSAGE OF THE OVUM INTO THE WOMB. The human ovum reaches the uterus in from one to two weeks after impregnation. The embryo is enclosed in a membraneous sac which nature has formed for nourishing and protecting it. When the blood vessels of the embryo have reached its surrounding membranes which have been developed from cells, and participate in the active properties of cells, it absorbs the nutriment. The nutritive matters thus absorbed are supplied by the blood of the mother in the human placenta. The ab- sorbed nutriment enters directly into the blood of the foetus. The process thus maintained between the foetal and maternal blood, supplies the process of respiration to the foetus, or an equivalent for that process. THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 63 STERILITY, CAUSES AND CURE. The principal end of man's earthly existence is offspring. , However widely opposed their general natures may be, all are united in the desire which finds its accomplishment in the reproduction of their kind. I say all, for I do not hesitate to as- sert without fear of contradiction, that no man and wife ever had their affections perfected or devel- oped who were deprived of legitimate offspring. It is one of the first duties of the human race to increase and multiply, and the man who leaves the world without having obeyed the injunction, can scarcely be said to have fulfilled the great end of his existence. All men who aj;e not of monstrous conformation, or who have not been seriously in- jured by artificial means, are equal to the task of reproduction; indeed, without the parts and means necessary to reproduction, he could scarcely exist at all, and would be no more a human being than if he were deficient of heart or brains. There is no such thing as barrenness in natural women, and the causes which are supposed to render women so, can, 1 in ninety cases out of a hundred be removed. It is not denied, however, that a great many married persons are unblessed with offspring, whose exertions are undoubted, and who would give much if it were otherwise. The causes of unfruit- ful marriages are numerous. One is, their unfit- ness in consequence of malformation, besides Fluor Albus, (generaPy termed whites,) Leucorrhcea, Prolapsus Uteri, (falling of the womb,) Chronic Gonorrhoea, or Gleet, extreme indulgence, and a very vitiated state of the system of either, or both man and wife, from Scrofula. The obliteration of 64 THE ANATOMY OF the vaginal canal, or absence of the ovaries or uterine tube in the female, also are causes; but these are rare occurrences. My opinion is, that but very few females are of necessity barren. Young married persons almost invariably become physically adapted to each other, though it occa- sionally happens that a couple will have no off- spring, and yet being divorced, will form other connections, and both will have children. It was so with Bonaparte and Josephine. A French writer says, that good authority reports the em- peror as having used various tinctures, borax, marjorum, etc., of course to no effect. There is sometimes too much ardor in persons of full habits and amorous propensities; their intensity, however, is generally qualified by time. This is well exem- plified in newly married couples, as the first year of their marriage is generally unfruitful from their too frequent amorous embraces, thereby preventing the semen from attaining a healthy state. Moder- ation may be produced by a light vegetable diet, cooling medicine, and occasional sea-shore trips. Conjugal enjoyment on the part of the female should be followed by repose, as but very little motion or agitation in persons of warm tempera- ments is sometimes sufficient to prevent the ovulum from reaching its proper location. A female desir- ous of conceiving, must not cohabit too often, for the first month after her supposed conception, as the spasmodic agitation consequent on the embrace of a very amorous couple, is calculated to disturb the embryo in its earlier state of existence, and hence occasion abortion or miscarriage. Baillie, Swaumerdaur, Larry, Dubois, and others, say, that the great leading cause of sterility is THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 65 weakness or debility on the part of the male or female, or both; and Dubois says, if this matter was duly attended to, nine-tenths of the people who are now pining for heirs might be blessed with numerous progenies: Libertinism, and that horrid and loathsome prac- tice of self-abuse, or masturbation, are the principal causes, and I have, therefore, treated upon them largely in another part of this work. Among the less numerous causes, are dancing immoderately, and tight-lacing, as the pressure causes a weakness and lassitude of the system. Stimulating drugs, etc., such *as-Cantharides, tincture of lyttae, essence of marjorum, arrow-root, syrup of pine-apples and port-wine, mushrooms roasted and steeped in salad oil, or borax, are worse than useless, for many of them actually injure the person, as my large prac- tice for many years too well prove. General phy-' sicians often administer such remedies, when they ought to know they will prove injurious; and if they do not, they are equally at fault; but those who should be eternally cursed are the unprin- cipled quacks, who palm off their injurious and nauseating stuff for money, regardless of the lasting injury to those who are unfortunate enough to use them. Yet some of these remedies sold for the cure of sterility, impotency, weakness or debilita- tion, diurnal and nocturnal emissions, or loss of semen—with the consequent impoverishment of the whole system—are actually recommended by phy- sicians, either from ignorance or self-interest. I cure physicians every month of such diseases, which is the best proof possible to obtain, of their total ignorance of the causes, and proper treatment of such cases. 6* 66 THE ANATOMY OF Some authors think there are fertilizing virtues in water-cresses, duckweed, carrots, dandelions, artichokes, figs, potatoes, shell-fish, peaches, hemp- seed, eggs, calves'-feet jelly, etc. The most of these are incentives to amorous propensities, but no farther. Ludwig says the females of some countries swallow spiders, flies, ants, crickets, and even frogs to promote fecundation. Morning is undoubtedly the most auspicious to generation. When a female with a low womb is married to a masculine man, they must correct the difficulty by means that may seem obvious, or m they will probably have no offspring, and the- female suffer agony instead of pleasure. If the semen is placed beyond the proper location, it cannot im- pregnate. When the case is directly otherwise, a proper remedy will be necessary to secure it from falling short. It is a popular error that there is a mode by which male or female offspring may be produced at will. It is of no consequence whose theory of the mysteries of reproduction is correct, they are agreed on certain points, which shows this to be impossible. There are tolerably conclusive rules, however, for telling the sexes of children before they are born. Ladies experience more sickness with boys than with girls, which may be caused by their gen- erally being larger and more lively. Their appe- tites generally vary, such as food that is hearty for the one, and of a different kind for the other. A roundness of the form promises a boy; whereas, when the tendency is nearly 'all to the front, and the hips and back give but little evidence of the lady's situation, the great probability is that the little stranger is a girl. When a pregnant female THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 67 is prone to sickness in the morning—longs for food of an invigorating quality—and carries her increase of form rather all round her, than in any particular place, the chances are altogether in favor of a boy; whereas, if her symptoms are otherwise, 'and as described above, she will, in all probability, be delivered of a girl. PREVENTION OF OFFSPRING. While all must admit that the reproduction of our kind is the evident intention of the sympathy of the sexes for each other, it is equally certain that there are numerous cases in all countries, wherein such a consummation were better avoided. For example, indigent people cannot be very anxious for numerous offspring to rear up in poverty; very fruitful females must find it very unpleasant to be nearly always in a state of pregnancy, nor is it to be supposed that married persons who are afflicted with hereditary diseases, can derive happiness from bringing into the world beings whose existence may, in all probability, be a burden to them. Many females are so constructed as only to be able to give life to others at the sacrifice, or, at least, the risk of their own. This consequence alone, if no other, should prompt the physiologist, physician and philanthropist, to seek some remedy which would avert such awful suffering. Another reason, people, under all circumstances, whether they are poor or afflicted with diseases, or so organ- ized, as to risk life in reproduction, will get married, hence, anything that will prevent the evil com- plained of, and yet allow nature her full rights, cannot but be of incalculable benefit to the public. 68 THE ANATOMY OF Other medical writers have treated of this subject, but from either ignorance or delicacy, have not done so with sufficient fullness. I will reiterate here, what I have previously stated—that those physicians who say that conception will not take place from the tenth or twelfth day after the cessa- tion of the menses, till their re-appearance, assert what they ought to know is not so, as many of my readers, no doubt, know from their own experience; again: another proof of the absurdity of such a pretended discovery is, that females will often have their regular catamenial flow, for months after they have become pregnant. Any exercise that will disturb the embryo within twenty-four hours after conception, may be sufficient to prevent off- spring. Dancing, and urinating immediately after, will often prevent. Riding a trotting horse, or any exercise, that will agitate the ovum before it is securely located, will certainly prevent. If these fail but once in five years, females cannot have large families. Among the other anti-fecundating remedies, are strong cathartics, all stimulating fluids, victuals that will promote thirst, bathing soon after coitidn, terminating the conjugal act before it reaches its ultimatum, will often prevent it; but, as I have stated in another place, pre- viously, such a practice will produce seminal dis- eases and impotency in the male almost before they are aware of it. Prolonging the venereal act will also cause seminal disease and impotency. A fine sponge, of an inch and a half or so in diameter, fastened by a silk string to withdraw it after absorbing the generating fluid, would effectu- ally prevent conception. The French condoms, or coverings worn by the male, are not only effectual THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 69 in preventing conception, but are used to prevent' contracting venereal diseases. I will send a dozen of these condoms, of a superior quality, by mail, to any address, on the receipt of five dollars. Three or four syringe-fulls of warm water ener- getically used immediately after coition, is often effectual in preventing conception. Neither the various medicines nor mechanical appliances, which are advertised as harmless, yet effectual, can be relied upon. MANY IMPORTANT TRUTHS IN REGARD TO THE HUMAN SYSTEM, WITH THE BEST MODE OF RETAINING SEXUAL VIGOR, TO EXTREME OLD AGE. Coition.—Young persons often irretrievably in- jure themselves, by forcing the desire for coition. Nature must be your guide. Sexual commerce must not be prolonged or a fatal weakness may be the result. The virility of an old man will often be greatly increased and extended by marrying a young robust female. Young children should not be allowed to sleep with sickly or aged persons; this advice should be strictly followed; for we have too many diseased nurses in charge of our children imparting disease by the breath, or teaching them pernicious habits which may ruin them before they are discovered. Any excess in youth detracts ten- fold from future abilities and old age. Child-bearing.—The usual period of pregnancy is nine months, though instances occasionally occur of their being so ten or eleven months, and on the contrary, six or seven months only. * 70 the anatomy of Fruitful Months.—February, March, April and May, are supposed to be the most fruitful, or in other words, May, June, July and August, are most auspicious for conception. Twins.—Females may have twins—the offspring of different fathers. Colored and white children at the same birth have proved this. In fact, the mothers have acknowledged cohabiting with another person on the same day besides their husbands. « Color of Hair.—Fair, or red haired women are. more ardent in their affections, and generally more fruitful. Miscarriages.—When a female once miscarries, she will be always liable to miscarry when the same stage of pregnancy again occurs. Particular care should be taken at that period, by all females that have met with such an accident. The Hymen.—The existence of the hymen in women is no certain evidence of virginity; and, vice versa, its absence is no proof of unchastity; though as a general rule, if virtuous, it is found at marriage. Illness and various accidents will rup- ture it. Epilepsy.—The only cure for uterine epilepsy is marriage. Violation..—Conception will take place, even when a female is violated by force. Hermaphrodites.—There are no hermaphrodites, THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 71 all mixed appearances which have been supposed to be such were caused by malformation. Effects of Bad Temper.—The pregnant female should be protected from irritation, and govern her own temper, to ensure amiable offspring. Signs of Pregnancy.—In addition to the usual known sign3 of pregnancy, an experienced observer will detect a glassy appearance of the eyes in the early stage of pregnancy. Excesses—Total Abstemiousness.—Refrain—as I have previously stated the consequences—from youthful excesses. On the other hand, it has been maintained that total abstemiousness from sexual intercourse, would invigorate the mind, but facts prove otherwise. It is better to comply with nature than resist her altogether. •' Suckling, etc—A debilitated or sickly female should not suckle her infant. Yet, when not so, its own mother is its best nurse. Bottled porter is strengthening for the mother, but it should be used sparingly. If the mother will take exercise in the open air regularly while pregnant, it will benefit both herself and the child. A FEW WORDS ON THE CHOICE OF A PARTNER.--The female should be from three to ten years younger than the male. If you are tall, choose a lady at least a head shorter than yourself. If you are of a lively disposition, your partner should be the reverse. A corpulent man should marry a spare women, and vice versa. A person of a dark com- 72 THE ANATOMY OF plexion should be .united with one that is light. In a word, married persons should almost be at direct antipodes to each other. I think it is directly in opposition to the laws of humanity for very sickly persons to get married This may seem a cruel interpretation, but I think it is more so, for parents to usher helpless infants into the world to lead out a miserable existence from hereditary diseases. By close observation for a considerable period of time, I find that in those couples where the age of the male is greater than the female, that a great majority of the children will be of the male sex, and when the female is the elder, they are of the female sex. Young ladies and gentlemen should test the correctness of this by examining into the cases of their friends and ac- quaintances. As they undoubtedly will find my researches correct, they should make choice of a partner in accordance with their future anticipa- tions. The most conclusive proof in favor of uniting opposites, is found in the evil consequences attend- ing marriages among blood relations. In such persons there is generally a moral and physical resemblance, which is certain to entail suffering on their offspring. A glance at the degeneracy of the Royal families is the best of proofs that such unions should not be formed. In Spain the race has become puny, sickly, and imbecile. Scrofula—that most offensive of hereditary diseases—afflicts all the Bourbons, and the reigning families of Holland, Austria, England, and most royal families. It has become a generally known fact, that Queen Vic- toria has had a running ulcer between her shoulders for many years. It is with man, as with animals, THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 73 crossing the breed improves it. A writer says that the Persians, by adopting this crossing practice, have nearly obliterated the^ traces of their Mongo- lian wigin. The most excruciating deaths of females at the time of delivery will be prevented, if persons will follow these and the foregoing directions in forming unions. A strong robust man should marry a woman with wide haunches, then the delivery of a robust child will be safe. A female, narrow through the haunches, should be united to a deli- cate, medium-sized man. A woman with narrow haunches always suffers extremely in giving birth to a child. A small one, therefore, will lessen it. A modern physiologist truly says that a well- formed woman should have her head, shoulders and chest small and compact; arms and limbs relatively; her haunches apart; her hips elevated ; her abdo- men large, and her thighs voluminous. Hence, she should taper from the centre up and down. Whereas, in a well-formed man, the shoulders are more prom- inent than the hips. Great hollowness of the back, the pressing of the thighs against each other in walk- ing, and the elevation of one hip above the other, are indications of the" malformation of the pelvis. If a female throws her feet much to the rear, in walking, her knees are inclined inward. A woman that marches, rather than walks, has large hips and a well-developed pelvis. If she moves along trip- pingly on her tip-toes, a large calf and strong muscles are indicated. The foot lifted in a slovenly manner, so as to strike the heel against the back of the dress, is a sure sign of a small calf and narrow pelvis. A heavy walk, when.there is but little spring on the toes, gives evidence of a weak- ness of limbs. 7 74 THE ANATOMY OF • A man or woman having dark eyes and a con- sumptive tendency, should choose a blue-eyed part- ner. Confirmed consumptive persons should never marry. In partial or artificially produced con- sumptive cases, marriage is often very beneficial. The most proper age for men to marry is between twenty-one and thirty; and for women, between eighteen and twenty-five years of age. The offspring of very early marriages is generally puny or con- sumptive: furthermore, their own health suffers, and their lives are shortened very materially. On the other hand, there is scarcely any freshness in the maiden of thirty; while the matron of that age, if her life has been a happy one, and h.er hymenial condition of not more-than .ten years standing, is scarcely in the hey-day of her charms. It is a well- known fact also, that bachelors grow old faster than married men. Twins.—The extraordinary distension and at- tractiveness of the uterus, is probably the cause of the birth of One or more children at one time. Some writers think it is occasioned by the presence of several vesiculae, ready to be detached from the ovajia, and consequently ripe' for fecundation. They may.be detected by motions in more than one part of the body at the same time. Parturition.—When the child has become fully developed, the probability is, that the labor pains are produced by the reaction of the fibres of the uterus, thus causing a great distension, which makes it compulsory, on the foetus to evolve itself. After confinement the uterus immediately closes, and falls into a state of repose, from which it is not THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 75 proper to disturb it for at least a month, as it requires that time to recover its natural situation. Formation of Foetus.—About the eighteenth day after intercourse, the ovum begins to assume a determinate structure. Nursing.—A pregnant woman should not suckle her child, as it not only robs the foetus, but injures the mother and child. The foetus absorbs a por- tion of all_ the aliments the mother partakes of, therefore the necessity of pregnant women being careful of what they eat and drink. The milk taken by a healthy infant equals in weight about a third of the food taken by the mother. Teething.—The small molar teeth appear be- tween the ages of eighteen months and two years, and then the first dentition is complete. Children at this time of life will do better in the country, or on the sea shore. Resemblance in the Offspring of the Parents. —Notwithstanding all the speculative nonsense that has been written on this subject, there is nothing certain as to the particular faculties or appearance imparted to the offspring by the father or mother. There is only a general rule of resemblance. The mental organs of children, are not influenced by the frame pf mind in which the parents—or either of them—may have been in at the period of reproduc- tion. I think the fact of the semen not being created instantaneously—as it would have to be, for the offspring to be influenced by the state of mind of the parents at the time of coition—is a suf- 76 THE ANATOMY OF ficient refutation of the theories promulgated by the would-be great physiologists. They and every one else, who pretend to anj knowledge of this subject admit that the semen must remain a certain length of time in its receptacles for it to perfect its vitality. Each assist in modeling the embryo after their own form and likeness. The parent who is most ener- getic and excited at the time of sexual action, may impart the most distinct features of resemblance. But this combined resemblance is not imparted by one to one part, and the other to another, but an un- definable union governs the whole frame. The qual- ity of one parent may preponderate, yet, that of the other, equally pervades the entire system. It is the same with color; the issue of a black and white, is well known to be of a uniform complexion. The children of aged parents—or where one is old and the other young—are generally delicate and spare of form, and very rarely well organized. QUACKERY AND QUACKS. Upon these subjects I have doubted the propriety and usefulness of an expose; for it is customary— nay, to pretenders, an all-important theme, upon which to discourse learnedly—to* stave off public odium and contempt from themselves, by assuring the public of their prodigious learning and skill, in tearing down the edifices of others to build a flimsy, tottering, untenable superstructure for the gigantic "I, myself, t/te Doctor." All humbugs depend for their success upon their being forced upon the world by dint of un- tiring, unceasing exertions to palm them off. I can THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 77 estimate their success by learning the amount of exertion spent upon them. As I have written a book or two, I shall not criticize a certain class of "Prodigies" in that line, lest I might accidentally fall into the awful vortex, and grow giddy from the elevated estimation of my own extraordinary " productions." But I must regret what cannot be helped, that all large cities are infested with a set of self-styled " Professional Gentlemen," who care more for the pulses of the purse than for the welfare of their patients. That every man should look carefully to his own finances is right and proper, but a physician has other duties to attend to also. It is all-important that Venereal patients have early, efficient and skillful treatment, as a simple case will assume a malignant form or undermine the constitution if neglected or maltreated. In offering this plain practical work, I know those who follow its teachings, will give me credit for doing good, and of being candid. Specifics.—Vended medicines, warranted to cure everything, are worse than no nemedies ; for in dif- ferent diseases there are also different states of the «ystem; and in different stages, even of the same disease, there is marked dissimilarity of action. In the inflammatory stage of Gonorrhoea, a warm bath is of great value in relieving pain, difficulty of micturation, and fever in the part; but no one of common sense would, therefore, advise a warm bath as the great remedy for clap. Yet this is what venders of patent .medicines say, " Good for every thing." Since I have been so serious upon a subject I pur- posed to treat lightly, I may be excused in giving 78 THE ANATOMY OF a poetical effusion of a conscientious " Allopath of the Far West," which was shown me a few years ago by a western student, and which was regarded as a literary curiosity. I regret that I did not recollect the name of the author, for it would be particularly gratifying to me to pay genius due credit. The Poem is entitled— THE HISTORY OF DOCTOR QUACKEY, JUNIOR. His history—his fame must write, Record a sacred truth, Of Doctor Quackey's only son, A great and famous youth. " A perfect tiger on fits was he, •A geater on a puke ; He kills the people all by bits (sitz), He physics, good St Luke! Although his practice was not large, He managed it quite well; Sent the pious up to heaven, The wicked down to hell. A pillar of the State was he, And showed his mighty skill, In filling up most speedily, The grave-yard on the hill. Hydrum-garum, herbum-scarum, A scholar sure was he; Or never could such Latin words Have uttered fast and free. In fact, he was remarkable, A man of genius pure, With Lobilly and Highjohny, Would all diseases cure. 79 f £plrali0n of |te. Figure 31, Posterior view of the bladder and prostate gland. Fig. 32, A sectional view of the seminal vessels and prostate. Fig. 34, Gonorrhoeal ophthalmia. Fig. 35, Nodes on the frontal bone. Fig. 36, Caries in the teeth from syphilis. Fig. 37, Venereal taint in the offspring. Fig. 38, Venereal eruptions after suppurating. Fig. 39, Deep-seated ulcers in the neck and throat. Fig. 40, Caries in the cheek bone. Fig. 41, Syphilitic pustules previous to the nose being destroyed. Fig. 42, Destruc- tion of the nose. Fig. 43, Venereal eruptions after sup- puration. Fig. 44, Syphilitic ulcers on the tongue and throat. Fig. 45, Syphilitic affection of the heart. Fig. 46, Longi- tudinal section of the uterus.—1, Fundus uteri; 2, Os tincae ; 3, 3, Fallopian tubes; 4, Cavity of the uterus. Fig. 47, Destruction of the eye by syphilis. Fig. 48, Con- stitutional syphilitic affection of the eye. Fig. 49, Pri- mary syphilis from inoculation. Fig. 50, Running ulcers on the leg. Fig. 51, Tubercular syphilis. Fig. 52, Sper- matorrhoeal ophthalmia, the consequences of onanism, (self- abuse.) Fig. 53, The meagre appearance of the features through masturbation. Fig. 54; Varicocele produced by self-pollution. Fig. 55, Total relaxation of both testicles from self-pollution. 80 Station 0f flute;. Fig. 56, Muscles of the female perineum.—1,2,6, Sphinc- ter vaginas; 3,4, Erector clitorides; 5, 11, Transver- sa perinaei; 7, Levator ani; 8, Gluteus maximus ; 9, Sphincter ani; 10, Junction of the sphincter ani and sphinc- ter vaginae; 12, Adductor tertius; 13, Gracilis. Fig. 57. The structure of the testicle injected with mercury, and its several parts unravelled. Figures 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64,65, Spermatozoa and granula seminis. Figures 66, 67, 68, Reproductive cell containing three granula seminis. 69, Spermatozoa from the human testicle. 70, Fasciculus of human spermatozoa, magnified about one thousand times. 71. Excrescences, or vegetation on the penis. m in THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 81 > To surgery he made pretence, Had a scalpel, spatula and fork, Talked loud of London, Paris, Edinburg, Of Hospitals, New York. Of cankers in the blood said much, Of heat and cold at war, And swore by his huge saddle-bags, Red pepper was the Cure ! Devoutly did he thank his God, For him who invented Steam ; To parboil mortals of the sod, A hocus-pocus theme. Don Quixote's balsam Sancho drank, Had ne'er such virtue sure, Although it wrought a miracle, It left poor Sancho sore! Gracious heavens !—help me conclude, In spite of tears and grief, The history of that noble son, That charlatanic chief. He died !—departed worth farewell!— Thy deeds, and prowess bold, Hath reared high up to heaven, Fame's monument of gold. He offered his life a sacrifice, To that dear, precious theme ; His all,—for to perpetuate, Lobelia,—Pepper,—Steam. HISTORY OF VENEREAL DISEASES. The term, Venereal Diseases, is applied to all those affections which are more or less, directly or indirectly, the consequences of sexual intercourse. 82 THE ANATOMY OF As early as two thousand four hundred years before the advent of our Saviour, the Jewish Law- giver made special laws to prevent or cure diseases arising from sexual intercourse. Showing the evil to have been remarkably prevalent at that period to attract the attention of the government of that ancient people. We will examine the thirteenth and fifteenth chapters of Leviticus, impartially, leaving the reader to form his own conclusions. Leviticus, Chap. 13 : 2. When a man shall have in the skin of his flesh a rising, a scab, or bright spot, and it be in the skin of his flesh like the, plague of leprosy, then he shall be brought unto Aaron the priest, or unto his sons the priests. 3. And the priest shall look on the plague in the skin of the flesh: and when the hair in the plague is turned white, and the plague in his sight be deeper than the skin of his flesh, it is a plague of leprosy: and the priest shall look on him, and pronouce him unclean. 8. And if the priest see, that behold, the scab spreadeth in the skin, then the priest shall pro- nounce him unclean: it is a leprosy. 14. But when raw flesh appeareth in him, he shall be unclean. 15. And the priest shall see the raw flesh and pronounce him unclean: for the raw flesh is unclean: it is a leprosy. Whoever will read attentively these two chap- ters, will find that the diseases known as Leprosy and Syphilis, are considered by the ancients one disease. But I shall show that the preceding quotations indicate tha.t the disease was Syphilis, for immediately after, a Bubo is described, which is THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 83 the frequent consequence of Syphilis, and never of Leprosy. -18th verse. The flesh also, in which, even in the skiu thereof, was a bile, and is healed. 19. And in place of the bile there be a white rising, or a bright spot, white, and somewhat red- dish, and it be showed to the priest; 20. And if, when the priest seeth it, behold, it be in sight lower than the skin, and the hair thereof be turned white, it is a plague of leprosy broken out of the bile. . The following refer to the disease most known as Gonorrhoea, (clap,) and is of a different character from the former: Leviticus, chap. 15 : 2. Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When any man hath a running issue out of his flesh, because of his issue he is unclean. 3. And this shall be his uncleanness in his issue: whether his flesh run with his issue, or his flesh be stopped from his issue, it is his uncleanness. 16. And if any man's seed of copulation go out from him. (This also proves that the involuntary loss of semen for excessive sexual indulgence was well known to Moses.) 19. And if a woman have an issue, and her issue in her flesh be blood, she shall be put apart seven days. The ablution and abstinence enjoined by Moses must have been to prevent or cure affections liable to follow selnal intercourse at that time, and exhibits great sagacity and knowledge of human nature in the promulgator. Solomon, 2950 years befere Christ, was equally aware of the evil consequences of excessive com- 84 THE ANATOMY OF merce between the sexes, for in the fifth chapter, and third verse, we find Wisdom admonishes her son thus: For the lips of a strange woman drop as a honeycomb, and her mouth is smoother than oil. 4. Her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a two- edged sword. 5. Her feet go down to death. 18. Let thy fountain be blessed, and rejoice with the wife of thy youth. 19. Let her be as the loving hind and pleasant roe; let her breasts satisfy thee at all times; and be thou ravished with her love. Later: St. Paul to the Corinthians, chapter 7, It is good for a man not to touch a woman; but if they cannot contain, let them marry: for it.is better to marry than to burn. "In the year 1245, Ubertius, governor of Carrara, died of a lingering disease of his private parts, occasioned by too much venery." About the year 1423, a physician of Bologna, says, "that the retention of the poisonous matter lodged between the glans* and prepuce, after a man has had to do with a foul woman, causes the part to become black, and the substance of the yard mortifies, and that Bubo occurs in the groin in con- sequence." A physician of Rome, in 1527, first called it the Venereal Disease. Not until 1782 was it demonstrated that Gonor- rhoea and Syphilis were different diseases. The honor of .this discovery is due to Benjamin Bell, an English surgeon. * In 1830, M. Ricord, a Paris surgeon, proved conclusively that a special cause (perfectly inde- pendent of the sexual*organs) gave rise to, and occasioned the propagation of Syphilis, showing it THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 85 to be as distinct a contagious disease by inoculation as is the small-pox. Non-Virulent Affections will include Gonor- rhoea, Leucorrhcea (whites), irritation and inflamma- tion of the organs of generation, excoriations, etc. Virulent Affections.—Syphilis is the result of a specific poison. First stage is local, second stage is, when it is absorbed into the system, and may be ■transmitted to the offspring, but not inoculable; third stage is still deeper seated, and affects the deeper seated parts, the bones, etc., and cannot be produced by inoculation, but it will be hereditary. t NON-VIRULENT DISEASES. By the term non-virulent is meant those affec- tions following (may exist without sexual inter- course) sexual intercourse, reproducing themselves, contagious by contact with mucous membranes, but will not produce the disease by inoculation in the skin. Under this head, first we shall speak of those discharges common to both married and unmarried females. It is estimated that four-fifths of the females of Paris have a constant discharge from the vagina. To attribute this to gonorrhoea would be mon- strously absurd. Even in this city female discharges are infinitely more common than many imagine, even in virgins: but they must not be attributed to contagion nor sexual intercourse, except in a small minority. Yet when these discharges are acrid, they will frequently cause irritation and discharge from the 86 THE ANATOMY OF male organ after coition, or occasion abrasion of the glans and prepuce, but which is not gonorrhoea. For example, it frequently occurs from a severe cold that the acrid mucous secretions excoriate the nose and lips, the tears, the eye-lids and cheeks, yet no one ever thinks for an instant that there ought to exist any suspicion of an immoral cause. The mucous membrane lining the nose, eyes, mouth, vagina, penis or anus, is one and the same in its character. But if a discharge equally inno- cent, and which would cause no more irritation than the former, should exist in the male or female organs of generation, suspicion is at once aroused, but without a cause. Then, from many of the discharges which females labor under, an irritation, excoriation or discharge may occur from coition, in the male organ, and not be a clap—proper—nor have been produced by previous intercourse. DISCHARGES PECULIAR TO FEMALES. .Leucorrhcea is an excessive, and altered secretion of the mucus furnished by the membranes lining the vagina and uterus or womb, generally white or nearly colorless and transparent, without much odor, sometimes gluey or resembling pus, (matter,) Pr may be yellow, green or slightly bloody, either very thin or quite thick, and may exist for a few days or many years. This is an affection among females which is exceedingly common, and which frequently cause a disease in the urethra of the male—even in the staid, sober, pious, and strictly moral man too; but there are those whose piety is questionable, who try to THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 87 shield themselves behind false assertions, and flagrant improbabilities. The cases are so rare in which persons are hap- pily deceived, that I shall relate one: M-----, a married man, of family; like a certain Congress man, whose sympathy induced him to offer a peti- tion in Congress for the Relief of Widows and Orphans. He said, " Mr. Speaker, (holding a paper in one hand, the other being thrust into his breeches pocket,) I hold in my hand a petition for the relief of Widows and Orphans." A waggish member asked the orator, "In which hand?" The dif- ference between the latter and the former gentleman was, that the first had sympathized with a widow only', and that his pun^'out convictions were that he was not the first wl»o Llv.1 also sympathized with the " Lone Widow." But the result proved that his fright was occa- sioned by irritation of the urethra from a leucor- rhcea, which terminated the menses. However, to punish him for,his waywardness, I let him repent for his sins of commission, by not undeceiving him. I must necessarily be brief" in the little I have to say upon the treatment of leucorrhcea in either sex, or rather in the female, and the irritation caused by it in the male. Cleanliness is an important item here. In the male all these irritations as stated above, will yield in a day or two with the appro- priate treatment. But in the opposite sex, leucorrhcea may depend upon debility or upon the robustness of an inactive life so common among people in easy circumstances, or upon excessive veuery or copulation. The bowels should be kept regular with Turkey rhubarb, and 88 THE ANATOMY OF frequent injections into the vagina of warm water should be used. Moderate and out-of-door exer- cise, and good, but not stimulating, diet are also proper. In the robust, a recent affection will be relieved by a cleanliness of the parts, frequent but gentle physic and exercise and low diet. Of course, coition must be prohibited for a time at least. . I was consulted by a married lady who had suf- fered extremely in body, as well as disappointment from sterility for six years, in consequence of an inveterate leucorrhcea (whites), which to her was almost death, as her whole heart was full of the desire and hope to have children. After three weeks' treatment—simple treatment—she suspected that the object of her sanguine hopes was attained, as the monthly period had passed without the usual menstruation. Time revealed the fact that the " consummation most devoutly to be wished," was no longer an uncertainty. I am satisfied that a large number of married women are barren from this cause. OF AMENORRHEA, OR THE ABSENCE OF MENSTRUATION. First.—Amenorrhcea of Rentention, in which the function is not performed at the natural time, or at all, of which there are three varieties. 1st,—Non-appearance of the menses in conse- quence of congenital deficiency, or malformation, or strictural disease of the genital organs. 2nd,—Want of menstruation, where independ- ently of deficiency or malformation, there is either THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 89 a show and partial development, or an entire absence of puberty. 3rd,—When the function ceases after puberty. Second.—Suppression of menstruation after it has been established for a time, independent of pregnancy or lactation, including two varieties. 1st,"—Recent and acute suppression. 2nd,—Chronic suppression. I u a work like this it will the better serve the end for which it'was written, to give a succinct description of those of more frequent occurrence, leaving the rare and extraordinary to our work de- signed for the professional reader alone. Suppression of menstruation after puberty may depend upon too great fullness of blood, robust- ness of habit, seldom occurring in those young females who reside in crowded towns or manufac- turing places, but in young ladies of the country who live more naturally, and exercise in the open air. It more usually occurs in the delicate, irri- table and hysterical. Amenorrhoea in females of full habit and costive tendency, is attended with full, heavy oppressive feeling in the head, back and loins, with either great heat of the hands and feet, or coldness, with sudden flashes of heat; drowsiness, dizziness and indisposition to mental or physical exercise. The appropriate treatment, will be regular habits, low diet, and frequent physic. The compound Aloetic Pills are an excellent cathartic. Dose, two to five, taken at bed time, twice or thrice a week. Amenorrhoea from a delicate, irritable or hys- terical state of the system, is diametrically opposite to the former condition of system; the former being 8* 90 THE ANATOMY OF too full of the vitalizing fluid, the latter being not full enough. In a young or middle aged woman, fleshy, full of blood, high color, the suppression of the uterine function, will be followed by congestion or inflam- mation. While in a delicate woman, thin, spare, of sallow complexion, extremely nervous, the result of suppression would be irritation, attended with spasms and severe pain, with intervals of ease and quiet. In the former, violent hysterics often follow an attack. In the latter, the symptoms—as pain in the head, back, loins, limbs and abdomen, yet it is of a neuralgic or nervous character. The pain attacks first one and then another organ, frequently shifting. If treatment is resorted to, such as a mustard poultice, or a stimulating and anodyne fomenta- tion, the pain is quickly removed from the womb to the head, from the head to the chest, or heart, or bowels. The patient is subject to fits of hysterics and fainting. In treating the debilitated female for the sup- pression of the function of menstruation, the two grand objects are to increase the strength and im- prove the general health, and to enrich the blood. This is best accomplished by generous diet, such as is easy of digestion, keeping the bowels regular by means of the compound Aloe pills, and the internal use of iron. The muriated Tincture of Iron taken two hours after meals in half a wine glass of water in the dose of three drops, increasing one drop per dose at the end of every three days. An occasional mustard hip bath, cool sponging followed immedi- ately by friction of the surface, to get up a glow, are powerful auxiliaries. THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 91 Of direct applications to the womb, electricity is almost the only means to be used. In some of the cases, where, after the condition of the stomach and bowels were healthy, the ame- norrhoea continued with slight paleness and weak- ness, electric shocks passed through the. loins quickly induced menstruation. In others, its fre- quent repetition led to a similar result; and instan- ces were not wanting where a shock suddenly produced the flow. Electricity is a powerful agent and must be used with great caution. If preg- nancy be suspected to exist, however strenuously denied by the patient, it ought not to be employed. Doctor Ashwell once ordered it, he says, quite ignorantly, where the suppression depended upon pregnancy cautiously concealed, and abortion oc- curred within an hour. . OF MEDICINES WHICH EXERT AN INFLUENCE IN RESTORING MENSTRUATION. Mercury is a valuable and powerful remedy, but it should only be administered by a competent medical adviser. Iron, I have already spoken of. Ergot of Rye—Lacale Cornutum.—This medi- cine has wonderful influence upon the pregnant uterus, by producing contraction of that organ, hence it is not safe in the hands of persons who wish to secure themselves from the opprobrium of society, to destroy the evidences of criminal indul- gences. Iodine, Madder, Rue, Savine, Seneka-root, Nitre, Digitalis, Gamboge, Serpentaria, Wormwood, Musk, Q-3 THE-ANATOMY OF Myrrh, Castor, Valerian, Lavender, etc., etc.; but most of these are simply adjuvants. Aloes is the most valuable emenagogue cathartic, producing the most salutary effect upon the uterus through the bowels. This is so serious and so com- mon a difficulty, and the results, if neglected, so melancholy, that I most earnestly advise all such sufferers to obtain early and good medical aid. I have seen many—very many, beautiful, talented, and accomplished young ladies go down to prema- ture graves by the cessation of this all important function of the uterine system. GONORRHOEA IN THE MALE. In France it is commonly known under the name of chaude pisse ; in England and in this country, it is called clap, from the French clapier, which signi^ fies a filthy abscess. The circumstances which favor its contraction, are a large meatus in the penis, and the fact that, during erection and previous to the ejection of the semen, the orifice of the urethra has a great tend- ency to open, thereby favoring the introduction of the gonorrhoeal matter. This undoubtedly occurs previous to emission, otherwise the disease would Joe more common than it is, if it was not forced out of the urethra by the ejaculated semen. The symptoms of Gonorrhoea consist in, at first, a sensation between pain and a pleasurable feeling near the end of the penis, just within the urethra, which frequently excites erections. Soon after, however, follows an increase of pain, heat, redness of the meatus, scalding on making water, and a thick yellow or greenish-yellow, discharge from the THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 93 urethra. Sometimes, there is great difficulty of passing urine, with excessive inflammation of the end of the penis and prepuce. These symptoms are soon followed in many cases by Chordee, which depends upon the loss of elas- ticity of the tissues which surround the urethra, and which during erections do' not yield as in health, sd that the penis is drawn downwards or bent to either side, exciting great suffering in those whose organs increase much in size during erection. In severe cases, cramp, pains in the testicle, a feeling of tightness in the groin, pricking in the perineum below the testicles, and frequent desire to pass water, add to the severity of the case. These symptoms increase as the disease travels down the canal. These are the more urgent symptoms of the acute stage. Chronic Stage—Gleet.—In consequence of no treatment, or that which is inefficient, the acute stage degenerates into the chronic, which is known by a marked mitigation of all the symptoms of the acute form. The discharge may become thin and watery, or be thick and less copious. In other cases, no running is seen during the day, the lips of the meatus being merely glued together; the slight discharge upon the linen may only leave a stain like that of gum. It sometimes occurs that the only * symptom, and one which is apt to frighten fidgety (nervous) persons, is a discharge of shreds of mucous which resembles false membrane, or bits of vermicelli. The Chordee may continue a considerable time after the other symptoms have ceased. Occasionally, when the Gonorrhoea is nearly 94 THE ANATOMY OF well, nocturnal pollutions occur, and not only occa- sion great suffering, but excite a renewal of all the former symptoms. Difficulty of making water (micturition) may occur in this stage, which is caused by a spasmodic stricture, or inflammation in the canal, from taking cold. Or an opposite state may supervene. The urethra loses, in part, its power of contracting, so that when the bladder has emptied itself, a small quantity of urine remains in the canal, which it is not able to evacuate, and as soon as the penis hangs in a dependent state it dribbles away, stain- ing the clothes, and is no inconsiderable annoyance to the patient. As I treat fully in another place upon Impotency, Seminal Weakness, Masturbation, and Sterility, I will simply state that chronic gonorrhoea, or gleet, will almost invariably cause impotence and sexual debility. The patient 'should not forget this im- portant truth, that is, that a private disease (vene- real or gonorrhoea) never dries up, or^vears out. It will certainly continue or end by producing another disease, if not radically cured. ^ I always have some patients—which, unfor- tunately for themselves and wives—can bear wit- ness to this fact. No person, therefore, who has cohabited with any female—other than his wife— should even think of sexual commerce with her, for at least two weeks after the other coition. I cure innocent wives weekly, whose husbands have given them the disease, from not being aware of the necessity of refraining from having to do with them the length of time above stated. I have cured patients who had not cohabited within fifty days, but at the expiration of that time cohabited with THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 95 their wives, and the next day the disease made its appearance, although they had felt, and the penis had looked perfectly well for the whole time. I have so many cases of disease that does not develop itself till a day or two after cohabiting with their wives, that I fearlessly assert as an indisputable fact, that nine out of every ten females will contract a disease from a man who has cohabited with a diseased woman, though the disease may not be developed for a day or two after the healthy con- nection. As a proof that his wife is. pure, no private disease generally develops itself within five or six days after the connection. A chancre (pri- mary syphilis) may show itself—in consequence of an abrasion of the skin of the penis in the act of coition—within twenty-four hours, but under no other circumstances will it do so. In consequence, of the immense number of half- cured, constitutional and complicated cases, con- stantly being revealed to me, I think the best advice a person can follow who has been inoculated, is to open the bowels, adopt a spare diet, keep the parts clean with cold water, and apply immediately to a competent physician, but, above all, never use the quack or advertised remedies. The hands, and your clothes, must be kept clean and free from any discharge, or your eyes, nose, or anus will be in danger of inoculation, as the smallest possible quan- tity is sufficient to create a disease. Chordee.—By following the advice just directed, Chordee will seldom succeed, but when it does, im- mediate attention will be required. As erections are the main cause of suffering, they may be avoided or checked by dispensing with'female society, lasci- 96 THE ANATOMY OF vious thoughts, stimulating and late meals, feather- beds, and much bed-clothing. When erections occur use cold bathing to the penis, and put the feet on the cold floor. An emul- sion, containing 5 grains of camphor, and an eighth of a grain of morphine, (sulphate of morphine,) should be taken at bed-time. The camphor can be pulverized by adding a drop or two of alcohol; sweetened water, syrup, or gum-arabic water, can be used as a vehicle for the medicine, which must be continued as long as the chordee is distressing. Retention of Water.—This will sometimes happen, and will be relieved by hot mucilaginous teas drank freely, while a hot poulticejs applied to the lower part of the bowels. Should this not succeed, the water must be drawn with the catheter. Inflammation of the Neck of toe Bladder.— Which is indicated by a frequent and urgent call to make water, attended with pain on passing the last drops, and which may be mixed with blood. Mnci- v laginous drinks, low diet, and an enema, containing 20 to 30 drops of laudanum, must be thrown into the bowels twice-a-day. If severe, even more active means should be used, for which the advice of a physician will be necessary. Buboes.—When Buboes occur in the inflamma- tory stage of Clap, they are only sympathetic, and require a hot poultice, or possibly a few leeches to be applied, and the bowels to be kept open. Sometimes, however, this class of buboes—especially if the patient-is of a scrofulous diathesis—are of the most obstinate kind. • the generative organs. 97 swelled testicle. Generally, during the continuance of Gonorrhoea, if the patient is at all observant of his symptoms, he will feel pain in the perineum, accompanied by a dull, heavy, aching sensation in the groin and along the course of the chord of the testicle, and finally a settled pain in the upper and back part of the scrotum, (bag,) so that the hardness and swelling can be traced with the thumb and finger for a con- siderable distance along the cord. If the patient frets the organ by walking, or takes cold, the swelling is rapidly increased, the suffering on the slightest motion is excruciating. Often during sleep the suffering is suddenly rendered almost insupportable by the occurrence of nocturnal emis- sions. The semen may be accompanied with blood, which sometimes gives temporary relief. When the inflammation runs high, there will be fever, dry skin, furred tongue, hard quick pulse, pain in the testicle and belly (abdomen), sometimes constipation, accompanied with vomiting. But notwithstanding these severe symptoms, patients seldom die of this affectiom. The causes which excite this disease are cold, falling of mumps, fatigue, d«mp weather, sexual intercourse, and particularly are these causes more apparent, after gonorrhoea, which leaves the organs of" generation very susceptible to slight influences. The inflammation in the urethra may travel to the testicle directly. Swelled testicles seldom occurs during the inflam- matory stage of gonorrhoea, therefore I advice early and powerful means, which, instead of creating the disease of this sensitive organ, cures the primary 9 98 THE ANATOMY OF condition of the uretha, thereby precluding the pos- sibility of its occurrence. The cord leading into the abdomen from the upper part of the testicle may also swell and be painful. To prevent the difficulty, Gonorrhoea should be cured as early as possible, and when there has been uneasiness in the organ, a supensary bandage to hold up the part should be worn. When the diffi- culty has taken place, staying at home is of but little use unless the recumbent posture is persever- ingly maintained, and the testicle supported, as its own weight will help to aggravate the inflammation and augment the pain. The diet must be low, and all spirituous liquors, beer, etc., must not be allowed. The gonorrhoea—which is the usual cause of swelled testicle—will re-appear, or increase, as the swelling decreases, for it is a singular fact, that the discharge may cease during the whole time of the swelling of the testicle. gleet. A Gonorrhoea, unaccompanied with pain in urinat- ing, is properly a chronic one, and a gleet is a slight discharge just before urinating, or may be only on rising in the morning. It will sometimes be so slight, that the^ips of the urethra or.meatus are glued or stuck together. This is often the case, when a stricture has formed. Chordee may con- tinue for a long time after the original disease is entirely eradicated, unless it is also removed by the proper treatment. It is a very usual occurrence for me to c%e patients who have been under treat- ment for even twenty years, yet in nineteen cases f out of every twenty, I can cure them in two days, and often one. THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 99 This concludes what I have to say upon Gon- orrhoea in the male, except a few words upon Gonorrhoeal Rheumatism, and Sore Eyes. It is a most remarkable fact—and one, the solu- tion of which is far from being clear, or satisfac-, tory—that a person who has been affected with Gonorrhoea, for only a few weeks even, will often suffer from Rheumatism and Sore Eyes. And what is more remarkable than that which I have just stated, is, that the only successful treatment for this sort of constitutional or sympathetic disease, is the same, as the one I adopt in curing constitu- tional Syphilis. The rheumatic affection, will very often continue for a long time after the local one has been cured. When the eyes are inoculated with the gonorrhoeal virus, the rapidity and violence of the disease will destroy them in twenty-four hours even, if an heroically prompt treatment is not at once adopted. GONORRHOEA IN THE FEMALE. This affection is scarcely different—except in a few particulars—in its effects and symptoms in the female than in the male. As the female organs of generation are directly opposite in construction in the sense that they are calculated to receive the male organ, the capacity alone, renders the symp- toms and suffering from gonorrhoea in the female much less urgent and less severe. In fact, a female may have a discharge and even a gonorrhoea, and know nothing of its existence except from the stains found upon her linen. The usual symptoms, are heat, uneasiness, dis- charge, and sometimes, but not always, smarting while (micturating) making water. 100 THE ANATOMY OF As the disease is purely local, the general sys- tem is but little affected. The spirits aud digestion may flag for a time, and the internal lips may be swollen, red and painful; but no difficulty will attend passing the water. On opening the inner lips, (nymphse,) a thick yellow, or greenish-yellow - matter will be observed issuiug from the parts. When, however, the disease is situated in the urethra, there will be some pain in passing urine, but not so severe as in the opposite sex, for the canal is short and much larger. When the gonorrhoea is deep in the vagina, or in the uterus, (womb,) the cure is not so rapid, (in fact, is sometimes almost incurable,) as when less deep, or in the urethra. Frequent injections of water, to thoroughly cleanse the parts, is of the utmost importance. The female syringe should be of medium size, and bent at an obtuse angle, to enable the patient to use it herself. The injection should be gently thrown into the vagina; the beak of the instrument having been passed two or three inches, while the patient is in a bath, or on the edge of a seat. To retain it a few minutes, it will be necessary to lay upon the back with the hips slightly elevated. When the affection is in the outer portion of the vagina, dry lint, or soft linen cloth may be passed into the canal after injections have been used, to keep the irritated and inflamed surfaces apart, which will have a salutary effect. In deep-seated inflammation of the inner lips, or nympha?, suppuration will sometimes take place. The matter which forms, will produce a large and painful swelling of the part. THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 101 EXCORIATION OF THE GENITALS. Under this head I shall treat of all simple abra- sions, fretting or chafing of the organs of genera- tion in both sexes. Excoriation, and little water, or other pimples, are very common in some persons. They are caused by gonorrhoea or syphilis, not having been thoroughly eradicated—an irritation in the ure- thra—or by excessive sexual intercourse. It is more common in newly married people, and they should regard it as a kind warning against a too free indulgence in the pleasures of the honey-moon, by that prudent old matron, Dame Nature. For those who heed not, shall suffer the penalty of her 6tern laws. STRICTURE. Stricture is a common result of gleet, or a gonor- rhoea, long continued. A stricture is a lessening of the natural size of the urethra. Sir Astley Cooper's classification of strictures has been followed by most of the eminent surgical writers since his day, viz. :—the Permanent, the Spasmodic, and the Inflammatory. OF SPASMODIC STRICTURE. Sir Benjamin Brodie has so graphically and cor- rectly described this form of the complaint, that I shall quote his own words : " A man who is other- wise healthy, voids his urine one day in a full stream. On the following day, perhaps, he is exposed to cold 9* 102 THE ANATOMY OF and damp; or he dines out, and forgets, amid the company of his friends, the quantity of champaigne, or punch, or other liquor, containing a combination of alcohol with a vegetable acid, which he drinks. On the next morning he finds himself unable to void his urine. If you send him to bed, apply warmth, and give him Dover's powder; it is not improbable that in the course of a few hours the urine will begin to flow. After tfie lapse of a few more hours you give him a draught of infusion of senna and sulphate of magnesia, and when this has acted on the bowels, he makes water in a full stream." As the affection is purely a local one, general treatment cannot be relied on too much, as no time should be lost. The emergency in such cases are great, and require prompt and efficient action. Under all such circumstances, I advise that a physician should be called if practicable. The object and aim of these pages is not to discourage or depreciate the services of physiciaus, but, on the contrary, to elevate the standard of the profession in the estimation of the public, and particularly with that unfortunate class who may have fallen into the greedy grasp of medical vultures, whose scent for gold is prodigious and unerring. INFLAMMATORY STRICTURE. This form of stricture arises usually in the acute stage of Gonorrhoea, or from the improper violence in the use of the catheter or bougie. The symptoms are fever, pain, and inability to make water. Should a few drops escape, the torture is intense. Leeches to the groin may be necessary, but THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 103 usually a free use of the infusion of salts and senna, and a warm, sitting bath, will give relief in a few hours. After the water flows, barley water, gum- arabic water, flax-seed tea, are all that will be required. Instruments must be avoided. Young men are almost the exclusive subjects of this form of stricture. The frequency of the attack will depend very much upon the irritable condition of the system. The difficulty is a spasm of the urethra near the bladder, and sometimes the suddenness of the attack and the severity of the symptoms are extremely alarming to the poor sufferer and his surrounding friends. The simple form which Sir Benjamin has so beautifully described, and which we have just quoted, may become greatly aggravated and require further treatment. The desire to make water occurs without the ability to accomplish it. After several unsuccessful, attempts, the patient becomes alarmed—he now suffers great distress in the region of the bladder, and not unfrequently pain is felt in the end of the penis. The efforts to make water are now constant and beyond his control, the muscles of the abdomen contract violently, and the restlessness and con- tortions of the body from pain, are agonizing to, behold. The face is flushed, the tongue coated with a white fur, the pulse hard and bounding, the skin hot, and the countenance of the patient is indicative of the most excruciating suffering PERMANENT STRICTURES. In the present form under consideration, it will be borne in mind, is found that unpleasant difficulty 104 THE ANATOMY OF which is generally understood by the cdmmon terra Stricture. It is usually the result of chronic gonorrhoea, but may occur from any other inflammation, or from injury. It is quite common in cases of seminal weakness. This form of stricture may depend upon an alteration of the surface of the mucous membrane, of the narrow canal or urethra, or upon a thickening of that membrane : in either case there exists a mechanical obstacle to the passage of the urine. It is unnecessary to enumerate, in a popular work like this, the various alterations of stricture, from ulceration, fungus or warty excrescences, etc., as it will be of but little practical value to the unprofessional reader. The situation of Stricture is more commonly met with in the membranous and bulbous portions of the canal, near the neck of the bladder; but any part of the urethra may be their seat. The accompanying cuts will give a correct idea of Strictures, although they are generally more simple. SYMPTOMS OF STRICTURE. Persons may have Stricture for a long time if they are inattentive, or ignorant of the earlier symptoms of its incipient stage. The water passes with less freedom than natural, and finally the stream becomes smaller and smaller, and spirts out in several spiral or cork-screw streams, soiling the clothes or dropping upon the feet of the patient drop by drop, requiring time and patience to evacu- ate the bladder. Sometimes persons have no THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 105 control over their hydraulic powers/there being an almost constant dribbling away of water. In chronic bad cases, the prostate gland, neck ■ of the bladder, ureters and kidneys, become in- flamed, ulcerated or gangrened, gravel and stone will be formed, and the rest of his short life be almost intolerable. The prostate gland will sup- purate, and it has long been observed, (and I have cured many such cases,) in bad cases of stricture, the urethra becomes so impervious during erection, that the sperm cannot be ejaculated, but escapes with the urine when the penis is flaccid. Gleet may be the only symptom of stricture; therefore it often leads one to the cause of a long continued running, which may assume all the ap- pearance, at times, of genuine clap. Sometimes, nothing but little shreds of mucous is discharged - resembling,* by the magnifying powers of a hypo- chondriacal imagination, vermicelli or worms. This bug-bear is held up in silly and injurious books, to frighten patients to apply to the quacks, who practices copious depletion of the Purse ; and the practice is wonderfully efficacious, allaying all apprehension of the devouring propensities of these animals. M. Ricord, a French Surgeon of great eminence on Venereal and Genito-Uriuary Diseases, says, " I am well aware, that strictures are often more quickly cured in proportion as they are early treated." But I have permanently relieved strict- tures which had existed for ten to twenty years, in nearly as many minutes. The practice of allowing instruments to remain in the bladder during the night, as well as their frequent use, are not only unnecessary, but exceed- 106 THE ANATOMY OF ingly mischievous. I am often consulted by per- sons who have pursued such a pernicious course of treatment, who labor under all the distressing symptoms of irritation of the neck of the bladder, or from chronic inflammation of the prostate gland and bladder. I shall not go into a discussion of the pathologi- cal results of the treatment of stricture by the use of the bougie. It has been my design from the first time I put my pen to paper in view of writing a practical treaties, to avoid enticing indulgence in theories and vain speculation. The genius of the age, is practical, and especially so in this Yankee part of Christendom, when all the elements and nature are whipped into the traces, and guided by the practical hand in the race of wind, steam and lightning. Truly, the awful thun- der-bolts of heaven have been tamed, and are being sent at will, by the commands of the humble creature, man. DISEASE OF THE PROSTATE GLAND. Symptoms.—Those who labor under disease of the prostate gland, experience uncomfortable or painful sensations in the affected parts, or in the space between the scrotum and anus, or near the margin of the latter, which vary in different individuals, and the extent of the disease. The symptoms are increased during the evacuation of the bowels, or urine, also after exertion on foot or horseback, or vehicle riding. The sufferer experiences frequent and urgent desire to urinate, which is often felt so suddenly that it is irresistible; he will feel more or less pain near the neck of the bladder, particularly THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 107 at the commencement and termination of the flow of urine. He will feel as though there was more urine coming out, but he will not see it till after the penis becomes pendant. Such cases are extremely common in ^ged men, or those who have abused the sexual function. The patients often suffer from' Stricture, or some- times almost obliteration of the urethra, within an inch or so of the prostate. I have cured many patients of this complaint. Chronic Inflammation of the Neck of the Bladder.—It is evident that there is a close affinity between diseases of the prostatic portion of the urethra and those of the neck of the bladder. In- flammation of the urinary canal, may not only extend along its whole extent from the external orifice, but to the neck of the bladder, prostate gland, orifices of the seminal ducts, seminal recepta- cles, deferent ducts, and testicles, but also along the inner or mucous surface of the bladder, hence along the ureters, and from these to the kidneys. There are some superficially informed physicians who con- sider Gonorrhoea a very trifling disease, but their ignorance can only estimate its commonest symp- toms. This distressing complaint will often last a lifetime, as I have before stated. It often lays the foundation of many incurable diseases, not only of the genito-urinary organs, but likewise of those in the head, chest, and abdomen. Purulent dis- charges are almost always present in diseases of the prostate and bladder. A severe cold, excessive use of spirituous liquors, or too frequent coition, will probably be the first warning the patient will , have of his unfortunate situation. 108 THE ANATOMY OF I will here warn persons against the habit of re- taining the urine in the bladder after nature has exhibited, by the desire, the fact that her calls should be attended to, and the bladder should be evacuated at once. Irritation of the Testes.—When the testicles are excited or irritated, they secrete a much greater quantity of semen than in an ordinary condition; and this sperm is more watery and much less elaborated, and remains a shorter time in its recep- tacles, in which its watery parts are absorbed, while it is much more promptly evacuated, because the seminal receptacles are more sensitive to its excitement, and therefore more readily contract. This causes impotency in many men, as the penis no sooner touches the female genitals than the semen oozes out, the erection of course goes down, and will probably remain so for hours. And then, when again erected, they are subjected to the same dis- appointment and mortification. Hundreds of young and old men, newly married, have been placed in this horrible situation for weeks without accomplishing . the marital duties, and then—notwithstanding their persevering efforts—have been obliged to apply to me to cure them. I have at least one or two such patients, always under my care. It is not necessary for me to ever hint at the situation of the poor feniale, who has been tantalized for stich a great length of time, for I cannot think there is a man heartless enough to marry if he is aware of his unfortunate situation. The object of this work is to guard and enlighten both sexes. It is evident from the foregoing statements, that the kidneys, ureters, bladder, vesiculae seminales the generative organs. 109 and testicles, are under the influence of the same causes, which produce the same effect. •Varicocele and Hydrocele.—Arise from mas- turbation, venereal excesses, diseases, etc. We often see venous enlargements of the spermatic cord from all such causes. Circocele and Varicocele generally occur from the adult to old age, from these causes. Diseases of the Kidneys and Ureters.—The same excesses will disease these organs. Infiltration of Urine, caused by stricture or inflammation, will soon destroy the Testes, Scrotum, and Penis, and, of course, terniinate in death. Hemorrhoidal and other circum-anal diseases arise from the same causes. Irritation of the Vagina and Uterus frequently causes Sterility, Schirrus, and Cancer occasionally. Venereal excesses of whatever kind will produce Uterine Hemorrhage. Vegetations.—The urethra and vaginal discharge is so acrid in many cases as to excoriate the labia, and to give rise to excrescences or vegetations, which sometimes is succee'ded by ulceration or sloughing. Phymosis and Paraphymosis.—When the pre- puce is inflamed and swollen, so that it cannot be drawn behind the glans penis, the disease is termed Phymosis; and when this part, after it has been drawn behind the glans, and cannot be drawn over it, the disease is called Paraphymosis. In either case, there is danger of inflammation, sloughing (mortification), and more or less destruction of the 110 the anatomy of penis. In cases of phymosis, when the glans can- not be uncovered, the internal membrane of the prepuce becomes inflamed from the accumulation of the natural secretion, or from the acrid matter of chancres, or urethritis, and an artificial opening may be caused by ulceration. There is natural or congenital phymosis, which impedes the urine; also in adults, compressing the glans, (head of penis,) daring erection, thereby preventing proper sexual commerce. In case the contraction of the prepuce is so small as to obstruct the evacuation of urine, after it has escaped from the urethra, irritation, inflammation, or sloughing, will ensue. Cases of rapid sloughing, and destruc- tion of the penis in aged and other persons, are quite frequent. All persons thus affected, should immediately apply for proper treatment. I relieve many such persons, in a simple manner, without leaving any traces of their former trouble'very quickly, so that in a day or two they are well. Enlargement of the Epididymus -and Spermatic Cord.—This disease often follows inflammation of the testicle, and may impede the transmission of the semen to its proper receptacles. Syphilis.—History of the Symptoms of Vene- real Diseases.—I have already stated that vene- real diseases are divided into two orders; to the first, I have.sufficiently directed the attention of my readers. There remains, however, the second division, which is vastly of more importance, if con- sidered in relation to the general and constitutional results, which are the direct consequence of the primary affection. THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. Ill Syphilis is a virulent affection, the essential character of which is its dependence upon a special cause, or a distinct -virus. The first stage includes primary symptoms, as Chancre, (a pimple or ulcer,) the specific cause, from the special virus or poisonous matter which has been deposited. The second stage embraces constitutional symptoms, which follow as a consequence of absorption of the virus, and which is hereditary, and in my opinion capable of transmis- sion by inoculation. Example, various affections of the skin, and mucous membranes, Enlargement of the Glands, Scrofula, etc. The third stage com- prehend^ Tertiary symptoms, which can be trans- mitted, and is hereditary. This is the stage that principally affects the bones. The destructive effects of the Venereal Disease is becoming so generally known, that it is unneces- sary to describe them minutely, though there are many persons even yet, who do not estimate the full extent of their direful consequences on health, reproduction, and longevity. A close and exten- sive observation in different institutions, established for the cure of venereal diseases, as well as a very extensive private practice for many years, has enabled me to-bring the treatment of the various forms of these formidable maladies, almost to per- fection. My present purpose is not to give a minute account of all the ravages of these horribly disgusting and malignant complaints, I shall con- fine myself, therefore, to a few general remarks on their primary and constitutional effects on the human body, in the different conditions of life. Primary Symptoms.—The first appearance of Syphilis, is a small vesicle on the glans, prepuce, or 112 THE ANATOMY OF other part of the penis and testicles of the male, or on the labia, vagina, or uterus, of the female.' This is called a Chancre. It arises 1'foin the application of the syphilitic virus, on a delicate or abrased sur- face, from which it is speedily absorbed, in the same manner as the virus of a rabid animal, the virus of Bmall-pox, or of vaccination—only not in so rapid a manner—is conveyed into the body. The whole system becomes sooner or later infected, and a vast number of diseases are developed. Amongst these are Buboes or Venereal Swellings of the glands of the groin, ulceration of the throat, a vast number of cutaneous eruptions, which at first are generally of a copper, color, though they may assume the natural appearances of ordinary skin diseases. These symptoms are accompanied or succeeded by pains of the shin and other long bones, as the arms, and even the bones of the head, which are greatly aggravated at night, (I now have two patients that were so situated,) so as to prevent sleep, destroy the appetite and general health, and are often fol- lowed by inflammation and swelling of some por- tions of the periosteum, most commonly on the tibia or shin, instep, back, or palm of the hand. Bones thus affected are termed Nodes. In numerous cases there is partial or total des- truction by ulceration of the virile members, and of the female genitals, of the palate, cartilages of the nose, warts, vegetations or excrescences on the glans penis, or labia pudendi, various abscesses, pustules and fissures in different parts of the body; there are nervous, neuralgic and rheumatic pains, falling off of the hair, phthisis, and very frequently death closes the scene. Vision is often destroyed by the form of ophthalmia, (iritis,) there are severe THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 113 pains in the bones, enlargement termed exostosis, and sometimes caries or mortification, and at other times, brittleness of the bones, which cause them to fracture on the slightest occasion. The ravages of Syphilis are often hideous, and when the destruction has become extensive, is some- times incurable. In other cases, supposed to be cured, the disease remains latent- in the constitution for many years, is transmitted to the offspring, or destroys the foetus in the womb. Sometimes it causes sterility. We often observe this disease in- ducing infecundity and death. In some cases, there is ulceration of the parts, between the bladder and vagina, and the latter and rectum, so that the urine and fceces are evacuated through the vagina, form- ing a most loathsome and painful disease. When the venereal contamination of either pa- rent is very considerable, though not apparent, the infant will be born dead, between the seventh and eighth month, in a state of putrefaction. It often happens that women have six or eight infants in rapid succession, which are born dead and decom- posed, in consequence of partially cured syphilis in the father. A man who has no external sign of syphilis, and who has been declared cured* by his physician, and advised to marry, may contaminate his wife and offspring in various degrees, so that his infant may be born feeble, or covered around the genitals or mouth with red or dark copper-colo«ed eruption. This may appear soon after birth. In primary syphilis of the mother, the infant will be liable to come in contact with the venereal sore, which would cause a chancre on the lip, eye, etc. A sore ou the lip of the infant would infect the t ♦ nipple of a healthy woman, who would then infect 10* 114 THE ANATOMY OF every one touching it. Gonorrhoeal ophthalmia, will be contracted by the infant during its nativity —if the mother is infected—and will lose its sight in a few days unless proper and prompt treatment is adopted. A female cau, and should be cured of gonorrhoea when pregnant, so that the infant will not be affected, (I now have a case of the kind,) but the foetus cannot be purified of hereditary syphilis. The mother, however, should be treated without delay. A man may be relieved of a gonorrhoea, and be affected in no other way, excepting a slight gleet, or a thin watery discharge from the urethra, for years, but if he gets married or cohabits with a healthy woman, he will infect her. The frequency of venereal complaints is much greater than the pub- lic imagine. I very often cure boys and girls that have scarcely arrived at puberty even. Young and diffident persons often conceal their situation, until their disease becomes alarming, and then the suf- ferer will probably apply for advice to advertising empirics, or use quack medicines, which, in nine cases out of ten, allow the disease to poison or destroy 'the constitution. The proper advice should be sought, and medicines taken on the first appear- ance of the disease, if the afflicted would save themselves from suffering. Transmission of the Venereal Virus.—The venereal virus may be transmitted in a few hours, and not in many days. When it is not absorbed at the time of coition, immediate washing of the parts will often prevent infection. I say, if it is not absorbed at Jhe time of coition. What I mean by V^*v^ the generative organs. 115 . this, is, that if the penis is washed before it becomes flaccidr (erection goes down,) infection will often be prevented; but, if the poisonous matter has entered the little follicles or pores of the skin, which are opened in full erection, and close—shutting it ill as the penis becomes flaccid—it cannot but be plain to every one, that it is utterly impossible then to pre- vent the development of the disease. The quack washes, therefore, to be used as an injection for the urethra, or external lotion, are mere humbugs, and worse than useless. Wearing a covering for the • penis, is the only thing that will prevent inoculation. The conveyance of any venereal matter to a mucous surface, such as the lip, eye, nostril, anus, nipple, or to any part where the skin is tender or broken, will communicate the disease. Excoria- tions of the glans penis, prepuce and labia, are easily distinguished from chancres, and are mere local affections which cannot contaminate the sys- tem. Venereal diseases can be contracted from water-closets, privies, from paper or metalic money, washing in the same wash-dish, wiping on the same towel, or using the same lather-brush and razor. I have cured patients who contracted the disease as above stated. As soon as a pimple or little blister has formed, after an impure connexion, on any part of the genitals,, it should be properly treated at once". secondary, or constitutional syphilis. When venereal ulcers or eruptions appear, after a primary sore, on any part of the body, as the face, throat, chest, back, thighs, etc., the constitu- tion is affected, and a judicious treatment must be 116 THE ANATOMY OF employed at once, and continued for months after all symptoms have entirely disappeared. The actual length of time necessary to continue the use of medicines varies in different persons, and no one who *s not experienced in this class of diseases can safely give advice regarding it. It is important to distinguish pseudo-syphilis from the real disease, which is often a very difficult matter. Persons will have secondary syphilis and not have buboes. The symptoms of such a constitu- tional affection may show themselves in eight days, and may not in years, as I have stated. The term secondary is used to designate the morbid phe- nomena which appear on the skin, mucous mem- / brane, eye, testicles, etc. When the skin is at first affected, it may appear like measles. The spots, however, will soon lose their rosy color, and assume a coppery hue, or they may disappear altogether. It may "first appear in little pimples, or have a scaly appearance, or like chicken-pox, or the pustular form, which is generally very chronic in its course. This form affects the health more than any other. There is another variety which appears on the scalp. A crust is for*ned around the roots of the hair, which, as often as rubbed off, is reproduced by a thick viscid secre- tion, matting the hair together; it is usually con- fined to a few spots, but the whole hair becomes affected, loses its lustre, gets dry, falls off, and the patient may become bald. The glands in the heck may often be enlarged.; it often accompanies the other forms of secondary syphilis. The tubercular form may be little hard tumors, or become ulcers. It may often be seen on the THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 117 face, nose, or at the angles of the mouth, around the anus, labia, groin, scrotum, lining of the prepuce, umbilicus, between the toes,- and in the arm-pits. When ulcerated, it secretes an acrid matter, which causes irritation, and produces an offensive odor;, it may remain stationary, or rapidly extend. SYPHILITIC AFFECTIONS OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE, MOUTH AND THROAT. Every portion of mucous membrane which the eye can observe is like the skin, subject to become the seat of secondary symptoms, as the lips, inside of the cheeks, tongue, fauces, and throat; not only the margin of the anus, but the inside of the intes- tine itself, also the lining of the prepuce. The vulva, vagina, and neck of the womb are also affected. The throat, from its functions, is frequently exposed to changes of temperature, and feels %the effects of all excesses. A primary, as well as secondary affection of the mouth and throat, may exist. The symptoms of these affections, in the commencement, are only slight irritation or swelling, but if inflam- mation follows, the usual symptoms of sore-throat will occur, and the general symptoms may be severe. TERTIARY SYPHILITIC AFFECTIONS. This is a more advanced form of syphilis than any we have heretofore mentioned. Most frequently (in shattered constitutions, or in persons reduced by the combined effects of dissipation and bad • treatment) some pain is felt in the throat or tongue; there is a thickness of the speech, which at first excites but little attention, but it will soon expose a tawny- 118 THE ANATOMY OF colored ulcer, which may expose the bone, or the palate-bone may be destroyed, and a communication exist between the mouth and nose. The whole back upper part of the mouth will be more or less affected. Not unfrequently pustular eruptions, forming scabs, appear on the extremities, and the general emaciation continues; the countenance has now a cadaverous appearance, and the pulse be- speaks the general feebleness of the patient, who, if not relieved by proper treatment, sinks under the combined effects of colliquative sweats, diarrhoea, great suppuration, and want of sleep, from severe pain in the bones and joints, and loss of appetite. Such is a concise sketch of the most frequent form of tertiary syphilitic sore-throat, with its accom- panying symptoms, not to be mistaken when once witnessed. Sometimes little hard tumors, varying in size from that of a pea to a hazel-nut, which, if not properly Ideated, will soon proceed so that the speech will be very much interfered with. SYPHILITIC AFFECTIONS OF THE EYE. The eye, like the skin and throat, may become, affected by syphilis in each of its different forms— primary, secondary and tertiary. The importance of the organ, and the rapfdity with which the dis- ease can destroy the tissues composing it, deserve the particular attention of the reader. This affection is usually ushered in by consider- able constitutional disturbance, headache, inability to sleep from constant paiii over the brow, which is aggravated in damp weather, and in the evening. The eye cannot bear a strong light, and there is usually more or less redness of the ball or lids. It THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 119 / may appear on the eyelids in the form of ulcer- ations. In a case of direct inoculation of the eye by the primary syphilitic virus, which often happens by earelessness, in not keeping the hands washed clean, or wiping them on a cloth, which should be destroyed after such use. The affection will present nearly the same appearance and condition as a chancre on the genitals, only the discharge from 'the sore will rapidly spread over the whole -eye, and if the patient is not careful while lying down or asleep, it will come in contact with the other eye, and both will be destroyed if the disease is not immediately checked. SYPHILITIC AFFECTIONS OF THE TESTICLES. ' Some months after the occurrence of the primary symptoms, the patient will complain of vague pains in one or both testicles, particularly felt toward night, and which shoot upward toward the loins. In some instances no pain is felt, and the patient is surprised at finding one or both testicles gradu- ally enlarging, with a very considerable inconve- nience from their weight. The functions of the organs will become impaired if the disease is not speedily arrested, and the correct treatment fol- lowed up for months, so that the disease will be thoroughly eradicated from the system. TERTIARY SYPHILIS. This constitutional affection is included under the name of Nodes, inflammation of the periosteum, exostosis, caries, end tubercles. Its destructions 120 ANATOMY OF THE GENERATIVE ORGAIm*. are principally confined to the bones. When the cellular tissue is affected, small tumors will first be observed, either isolated or occurring on various parts of the body. They may not be noticed much for some months. They may be hard and un- attached to the adjacent structures. It may make its way to the surface, ulcerate, and then heal, but no sooner has one disappeared than another shows itself. TERTIARY SYMPTOMS AS THEY OCCUR IN THE OSSEOUS SYSTEM. The first symptoms of the affection of the bones, consists in pain at first vague, or like rheumatism; they will generally become fixed to particular bones sooner or later, and become more severe at night. There are three varieties of Periostitis. Ostitis, shows the same preference for particular regions. After having existed a long time without giving other indications of its presence than pain, the swelling it ultimately gives rise to betrays it- self externally. In other cases it may give rise to parenchymatous, exostosis, or hyperostose. ■ In the second part of this work will be found a great number of illustrative cases of all the diseases which have been mentioned, in the shape of certifi- cates of cures, and I shall pass on to that part. Enough, I think, has been^hown to convince the most unthinking individual who may peruse these pages, of the evils and miseries induced by venereal abuses, excesses, and diseases. PART II. X Error in Pagination: P. 121-130 omitted in numbering 131 PREFACE. This work has been hastily prepared, in faot, was not commenced until within the last few months, except the oases taken from my note-book, and has been prose- cuted amidst the most pressing professional engage- ments. Notwithstanding these disadvacrtages, I flatter myself that it will answer much of its intended pur- poses. These purposes are, mainly— To place before the reflecting publio as unexceptiona- ble a work as may be, compatible with the unpleasant topio treated: To supply a desideratum in popular medieal litera- ture, great care has been taken to simplify the sub- ject in plain language, divested of technicalities and exceptionable phraseology: Avoiding everything calculated to excite the passions or administer to an impure appetite for vulgar books, which, however, seems not to have been the aim of most writers on kindred subjects: To, finally, introduce -to the family and social circles in a modest garb, a timely Adviser against the deplora- ble consequences of Onanism—that most fatal and per- nicious habit of youth—that dreadful scourge of hu- manity—that untimely Destroyer— " He, the young and strong, who cherish'd Noble longings for the strife, By the road-side fell and perish'd, Weary with the march of nfe !" 132 By thus warning, I do not purpose to cast a gloom over the minds of sensitive sufferers, but to promise hope, relief and perfect restoration, even in the most un- happy state of extreme debility; from my vast expe- rience and truly wonderful success in curing the most unpromising subjects of Spermatorhoea and other dis- eases of a private nature— " The miserable have no other medicine, But only hope." But it is always advisable to seek relief early, thereby avoiding much unnecessary suffering. The deplorable condition of the nervous system in- duced by the depressing', degrading, demoralizing and disorganizing habit of Self-Pollution, in so many cases. causes that unhappy irritability of temper, melancholy dejection, moroseness, and finally that intellectual imbe- cility which terminates in an awful wreck of the men- tal and physical organism. It is not the object of the author to paint the effects of Onanism in the deepest dyes, to horrify young imaginations ; but to warn—to- day—now—for to-morrow the shafts of disorganization may have been sunk too deeply into the system, ever to be removed by the Healing Art. New York, 1852. THE AUTHOR. 133 INTRODUCTION. Throu&hout the present work, to prevent too fre- quent repetition, I shall use Spermatorhoea, to designate the disease consequent upon the habit of self-abuse; in short, any undue loss of semen, from whatever cause. A sufficient number of cases will be inserted to illus- trate the various effects of Onanism, upon the different temperaments, or the peculiarities of age, sex, or consti- tutional predisposition to diseased action. The afflicted cannot expect to obtain, from any work on medical subjects, a sufficient knowledge of disease, in its different phases, complications and results, to be able to treat themselves. From the intimate association of one organ and its functions with others, and from the harmony existing throughout the whole frame, a part of the animal economy, however small it may be, cannot scarcely be disordered without causing deranged action in othes parts; no modification can occur without involving in its changes other organs, and disordering their functions also. Even medical men, generally, are wholly incompe- tent to advise and treat successfully the affection under consideration. It may not be egotistical for me to remark here, *.hal I am fully aware of the importance of the subject, and that, from my long and special attention exclusively lo the treatment of thousands of patients afflicted with 11* 134 Spermatorhoea and other sexual complaints, and that, too, with the most flattering success ,- that it is probably as well that this task was left to me by the profession. The public have not the least conception of the vast amount of suffering entailed upon humanity by the prac- tice of self-abuse, and the too free indulgence of the baser passions. My readers, who will follow me to the end of this modest little volume, will be amazed at the sad effects of what they may have considered an innocent practice. Nor should I, in the outset, hesitate to repudiate the pernicious conduct of quacks and low-minded men, who have written books purporting to be guides to the young, but, instead, have been inflammatory appeals to their passions. And not a few of these books plainly incul- cate immorality, for the sake of administering to the impure desire for bawdy books, too common among youth of b oth sexes. The great aim of this work, there- fore, is to rescue the young and ignorant from the frightful abyss awaiting them, if deprived of a warning roice. The author also deems it his duty to denounce the introduction of plates representing the genital organs Of both sexes, as improper for a popular treatise. If ladies and gentlemen wish to study Anatomy and Physiology, we refer them to popular school-books upon those subjects, as a healthy and proper study for the most fastidious ; and not to resort to a book of bawdy, incorrect and intrusive plates, iu senseless and ridiculous books, issued as an advertising medium for Quack nos- trums, and, still worse, to ignorant pretenders, who set themselves up for Doctors. We here take a very important step, in warning our afflicted readers against applying to villainous impostors 135 who infest large cities, and who not only swindle the innocent patient of his money, but leaves the system a wreck to poisonous nostrums. . > Another reason that induced me to send out into the world this volume, (I am sorry to say it), is the almost total ignorance of the members of our most benevolent Profession, many of them not knowing such a disease as Spermatorhoea. And I do hope, for the sake of human- ity, the medical profession generally will not rest a single day, until that knowledge is obtained; as three- fourths of all the chronic diseases have their origin in Onanism. It is a deplorable fact, that young ladies, as well as youth of the opposite sex, are addicted to the babit of self-abuse to an alarming extent. This habit frequently has its origin in irritation of the genitals and lower bowels of children, from costiveness, or from pin-worms, (Ascarides), which are excessively annoying to some children. The frequent inclination to rub or scratch the adjacent parts lead to the practice of Self-Pollution. Many instances of this character have come under my own observation. I have many times been consulted by mothers, whose daughters have suffered from these abuses, consequent upon irritation of the Pudendum, at the age of puberty. " Mine honor's such a ring v My chastity 's the jewel of our house, Bequeathed down from many ancestors ; Which were the greatest obloquy in the world, fn me to lose." M. LARMONT 136 A FEW WORDS TO INVALIDS. However hopeless you may think your case, whether from extreme debility and prostration of your entire system, or from the unsuccessful treatment of the score or more of Physicians you unfortunately may have been under, or from the "false delicacy that many of my patients tell me kept them from an earlier appli- cation to me, or the no less fatal idea of your over- coming the disease by the advancement of age, and a strictly moral mind, &c, &c.; for they one and all only make your case worse, and if it is an early one, from the cause being entirely local, it affects the entire ani- mal economy, and then requires general as well as local treatment, which I am happy to be able to say, the sci- ence of Medicine and great improvement in the Healing Art, warrants me in saying, that the most severe and obstinate cases, of however long duration, yields to my mode of treatment, as the numerous voluntarily written Certificates contained in the following pages, from per- sons of all ages and in the highest stations of life, which portray the difficult stages of the disease, as developed in the different constitutions, will fully attest. I give the initials only in most of the cases from delicacy, but the full names by their cordial permission, can be seen at all times in my office, as well as letters from Mem- bers of the Medical Profession in this and other cities. The letters, or names of patients, are known only to myself, as I have no Assistant or Students ; notwith- stading this, I always destroy them atth« termination of each case. Therefore, the unfortunate can disclose their bleeding hearts to one secret bosom whose feeling throb will return that great boon, Health, for the so generously reposed confidence in him. THE AUTHOR. 131 CHAPTER I. The importance of perfectly understanding the subject of onanism—its existence from the earliest period, and yet the ignorance of the medical profession—impotence and sterility, a certain result if not cured—the effects, of impotency and sterility on the human race. Why is this an important subject 1 It is-because the commencement of this habit is the laying the founda- tion of almost every organic disease, the vital system is subject to. Any person on a moment's reflection, will be convinced of the intimate relation existing between the Mind and the Genital Organs, and their intimate connection with the whole nervous system. What ren- ders it of more importance still, is, there is scarcely anything known about it, by any one but the afflicted, as in the early studies of medical men, they are taught nothing of it, and in their later years, their time is so fully occupied with a general practice, they have not the opportunity requisite for an understanding of such a speciality, and yet, as regards health and happiness, there is none that possess one-twentieth part of the im- portance. To convince you that I do not speakwithout authority, I here insert an extract from Dr. Curling's remarks, when speaking of these organs:— " Their functions being so involved in those of other parts, are influenced by such peculiar causes, and are so dependent on and modified by particnlar events and cir- cumstances, that the investigation of them when disor- dered, necessarily becomes of a complex and difficult character. The product too, o£ these glands, is one, the qualities of which it is almost impossible to appreciate, and which during life is never afforded in a pure and unmixed state ; and further, taking into account the repugnance felt to such inquiries, it is scarcely surprising that the subject has been but imperfectly investigated, 138 and rarely treated of by the pathologist and practitioner Indeed, the little information we possess respecting it, is chiefly to be found under the head of Impotency, in j works on medical jurisprudence, in which it is cursorily considered, principally in relation to points of Medico-le- gal interest, and scarcely at all in reference to practice." This certainly is the truth, and it no doubt will sur- prise many persons to learn, that the generality of phy- sicians know little or nothing of these matters. I often have patients who have applied to the most eminent physicians and surgeons, of the largest cities in the world, and paid them consultation-fees, to be told there was nothing the matter with them. It is only a few weeks even, since a patient came to me, and who, among other great men he bad consulted, was Sir Benj. Brodie, of London, and whose directions were not to use any of their dirty beer, and he would be well enough ; that his disease was only imaginary, and if he would only think so, he would havejio farther trouble. You can imagine the gentleman'sTeelings, as he was,a strictly temperate man. From that time he began to despair, for he had lost almost all the power of the organs. What was more sad still, he had not the ambition nor desire, until he put himself under my charge. 1 am happy to say, however, that in a few weeks he was en- tirely in the full possession of that vigor, both of'body and mind, which nature had formerly bestowed upon him. The statements of their individual cases by the pa- tients themselves, and their certificates for their cure by me, will be found in the subsequent chapters, ar- ranged under their proper heads, according to their ad- vanced or primary stage which they had reached, pre- vious to my treatment. It will be sufficient, I opine, to not only illustrate the want of knowledge of the medical profession as to the proper treatment, for such cases, but whether my own, is not superior to that of any other. From the want of knowledge as heretofore mentioned, there is very little, if any, positive know- ledge of these complaints being known as distinct dis- eases, in that catalogue which enumerated so many calamities with which our ancestors were afflicted. But we can infer to a certainty, I think, that it did exist for 139 centuries, previous to its having become known that it was a distinct disease, when we are made acquainted with a fraction only of the immense amount of suffer- ing, at the present time, among the modest, diffident, pious youth, who, unconscious and ignorant of doing harm, when they first learned the practice at the semi- nary, academy, college, or from some of their acquaint- ances while at home. Josephus mentions this as a dis- ease, when relating the ancient purification laws of the Jews. He says, " He that sheds his seed in his sleep, shall be privileged with those who have wives." In re- lation to another disease, he gives us another of their laws : " Those who had a Gonorrhoea, were prohibited from coming within the bounds of the city." This not only bears witness to there having been such a disease known at that time, but it showed their wis- dom was far superior to many of the pretended medi- ■ cal savans of the present day; for they adopted a regu lation, which they supposed would be a remedy for al\ such cases. Some have referred the origin of this abuse to the idolatrous worship of the northern Venus, named Fra- go, in oblation to whom her votaries were accustomed to shed their seed* The opinion of the All-wise, upon the enormity of this offence against reason and nature, will be found where he speaks of this dereliction of Onan, in Genesis, chapter thirty-eight, ninth and tenth verses:— " And Onan knew that the seed should not be his, and it came to pass, when he went in unto his brother's wife, that he spilled it on the ground, lest that he should give seed to his brother. And the thing which he did, displeased the Loq^, wherefore he slew him also." It is only a few years since it was thought degrading for any one even to allude to masturbation, and espe- cially to speak openly or write about it. But as pro- gression is the spirit of the age, people have become more rational, and are beginning to know the practice is one of the most injurious, possible; and that to be able to remove the disease, it must of course be under- stood. As I have before stated, however, the books heretofore published on this subject, were entirely inad- missible to families. This work obviates that objection, 140 and yet has entered sufficiently into the physiological and medical details to give a clear view of the evil. From the extracts which I give below, from the ancient medi- cal writers, the reader will be able to see how this sub- ject was regarded by eminent minds, in former ages. A number of these extracts are from M. Tissot and others. They are from the writings of the Fathers of Physic, many of whom lived centuries before Christ. Allow- ance must be made for the deficiency in scientific accu- racy, for the whole truth could not be told as it was not known. Hippocrates, the oldest and most correct observer, has already described the diseases produced by abusing the pleasures of venery, under the term of dorsal consump- tion. " This disease," says he, " arises from the dorsal portion of the spinal, marrow. It principally attacks young married people, or the licentious. They have no fever, and although they eat well, they grow thin and waste away. They have a sensation like ants crawling from the head down along the spine. Whenever they go to stool, or evacuate their urine, a considerable quan- tity of very thin seminal fluid escapes from the urethra. They lose the power of procreation, yet often dream of venereal pleasures. They become very weak, and walking produces shortness of breath ; they have pains in the head, and ringing in the ears, and finally, an , acute fever (Libiria,) supervenes, and they die." Some physicians have ascribed to the same cause, a disease which he has described in another place, and have termed it the second dorsal consumption of Hippocrates, and which has some relation to the first. But the pre- servation of the strength which he mentions particularly, seems to us a conclusive proof that tli^ disease does not depend on the same cause, but stems rather to be a rheumatic affection. " These pleasures," says Cekus, in his excellent work «n the preservation of health, " are always injurious to weak persons, and their abuses pros- trate the strength." We can find nothing more frightful than the descrip- tion by Areta,us, of the diseases produced by a too abundant evacuation of semen: " Young persons assume the air and the diseases of the aged; they become pale, stupid, effeminate, weak, idle, and even void of 141 understanding; their bodies bend forward, their legs are weak, they have a disgust for everything, become fit for nothing, and many are affected with paralysis." In another place he mentions the abuse of these plea- sures as among the six causes which produce paralysis. Galen has seen diseases of the brain and nerves from the Same cause, and the powers of the body impaired ; and he also relates that a man who was convalescent from a violent attack of disease, died the same night after coition with his wife. Pliny, the naturalist, informs us, that Cornelius Gallus, the old praetor, and Titus Etherious, a Roman knight, died in the act of copula- tion. Aetius says, " the stomach is deranged, all the body wastes, beoomes pale, dry, and the eyes sunken." These remarks, of the most respectable ancient writers, are confirmed by the moderns. Sanetorious, who has examined with the utmost care, all the causes which act on our bodies, has observed, that "this weakens the stomach, destroys digestion,prevents insensible perspiration, the derangement of which pro- duces such evil consequences, disposes to calculous dis- eases, diminishes the natural warmth, and is usually attended with a loss or derangement of sight." Lomnius, in his fine commentaries on the passages of Celsus, whom we have just cited, supports the remarks of the author by his own observations : " Frequent emissions of semen relax, weaken, dry, enervate tho body, and produce numerous other evils, as apoplexies, lethargies, epilepsies, loss of sight, trembling paralysis, and all kinds of painful affections." One cannot read without horror, the description left us by Tulpius, the celebrated burgomaster and physician of Amsterdam :—" Not only," says he, " the spinal mar- row wastes, but the whole body and mind become lan- guid, and the patient perishes in misery. Samuel Ves- pertius was attacked, first with a humor upon the back of his neck and head ; it then passed to the spine, to the loins, to the lower and lateral region of the abdomen, and to the hips. This unhappy man was affected with so much pain that he was entirely disfigured, and was emaciated so gradually by a slow fever, that he more than once asked to be relieved from his misery by 142 " Nothing," says a celebrated physician of Louvaine, " weakens the system so much." Blancard has known simple gonorrhoeas, dropsies and consumptions to depend on this cause; and Muys has seen a man of good age attacked with spontaneous gangrene of the foot, which he attributed to the same kind of excesses. In the Memoires des Curieux de la Nature is men- tioned a case of blindness, which deserves to be given at length. " We are ignorant," says the author, " what sympathy the testicles have with the body, but particu- larly with the eyes." Salmuth has known a sensible hypochondriac to be- come a fool, and in another man the brain to become so collapsed that it was heard to rattle in the cranium, both from excesses in venery. I have known myself a man, fifty-nine years of age, who, three- weeks after marrying a young wife, became blind, and in four months died. The too great loss of the animal spirits weakens the stomach, and destroys the appetite ; and nutrition not taking place, the action of the heart becomes more leeble, all parts languish, aud the patient becomes epi- leptic. It is true, we are ignorant whether the animal spirits and the seminal fluid are the same ; but observa- tion shows, as we shall see hereafter, that these two fluids are very analogous, and that loss of the one or the Other produces the same complaints. Hoffman has seen the most frightful symptoms ensue from the loss of semen. " After long nocturnal pollu- tions," says he, "the patient not only loses strength, becomes emaciated and pale, but the memory is im- paired, a continual sensation of coldness affects all the extremities, the sight becomes dim, the voice harsh, and the whole body gradually wasted ; the sleep, disturbed by unpleasant dreams, does not refresh, and pains are felt like those produced by bruises." In a consultation for a young man, who, among other diseases produced by masturbation, was affected with weakness in the eyes, he says, " I have seen soveral in- stances of young men, who, at mature age, when the body possesses all its strength, were attacked, not only with severe pain and redness of the eyes, but the sight became so feeble, that they could neither read nor 143 write." He adds, " I have even seen two cases of gutta sereno, from the same cause." The history of the disorder which gave rise to this consultation will be read with interest: " A young man commenced masturbation, when fifteen years old, and having indulged in it till he was twenty-three, expe- rienced so great feebleness in his head and eyes; that during the emission of semen there was severe pain in the latter.. When he attempted to read anything, he had a feeling similar to that of drunkenness; the pupil was extraordinarily dilated; the eyes were exceedingly painful;~ the eyelids very heavy, and glued together every night; they were often filled with tears, and a whitish mattef collected very abundantly in the two corners, which were very painful. Although he ate with a good appetite, still he was extremely emaciated; and sfter he had taken food, appeared as if drunk." The same author has mentioned another case of frhich he was an eye-witness, and which, we think pro- per to mention here:—" A young man, eighteen years old, who had had frequent connections with a servant girl, suddenly fainted, and trembled exceedingly in all his extremities ; his countenance was red, and his pulse very small. He recovered from this state at the end of an hour, but continued very feeble. The same phe- nomena occurred very frequently with severe pain, and at the end of eight days there was a contraction and tumor in the right arm, with a pain in the elbow, which was always increased during the paroxysm. The dis- ease increased for some time, but was finally cured by Hoffman." Boerhave portrays these diseases in that masterly manner and with that precision which characterizes all his descriptions:—" Too gr^at loss of semen produces weakness, debility, immobility, convulsions, emaciation, dryness, pains in the membranes of the brain, impairs the senses, particularly that of sight, gives rise to dorsal consumption, indolence, and to the several diseases con- nected with them,." • The cases narrated by this great man to his auditors in explaining to them this aphorism, which related to the different kinds of evacuations, ought not to be omitted;—"I have seen," says he, "a sick man where 144 the disease commenced by a lassitude and feebleness in the body, particularly in the loins; it was accompanied by twitching of the tendons, periodical spasms and loss of flesh, so as to destroy the whole body ; also pains in the membranes of the cerebrum, pains which the patient terms a dry burning, (ardeur seche), which constantly inflames this most noble organ. I have also seen one young man affected with dorsal consumption. His fig- ure was good, and although often cautioned against in- dulging in these pleasures, he did not regard it, and be- came so deformed before death, that the layer of flesh which appears above the spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae, entirely disappeared. The cerebrum in this case seemed to be consumed; in fact, the'patient seemed to be stupid, and became so stiff, that we have never seen the body so immovable from any other cause. The eyes are so dull that the sight is nearly lost." De Senac mentions in the first edition of his Essays, the dangers attending masturbation, and states that "all who indulge in this vice will be affected in the flower of their youth with the infirmities of age." We can see in the following editions why this and other re> marks of the same character were suppressed. Ludwig in describing the diseases resulting from too frequent evacuations, does not forget that of the semen. Young people of both sexes, who indulge in lascivious- ness, ruin their health, by wasting strength which was designed to make them vigorous, and finally fall into consumption. De Gottier details the sad accidents arising from this cause j but they are too long to copy. We refer to the work, all those who can read the lan- guage in which it is written. Van Swieten, after quoting the description of Hippo- crates mentioned above, adds—" I have seen all these symptoms, and several others, in those unfortunate peo- ple who indulged in self-pollutions. I have employed uselessly, for three years, all the resources of medicine, for a young man who was diseased in consequence of this practice, with wandering, frightful, and general pains, with a sensation, sometimes of heat, and some* times of cold, in every part of the body, but particularly in the loins. Afterwards these pains having diminished bis thighs and legs were so cold, that although they 145 seemed of the natural temperature when touched, he was constantly warming himself by the fire, even during the warmest days of summer. I noticed particularly all this—a continued rotary motion of the testicles in the scrotum, and the patient felt a similar motion in the loins." This account does not mention whether this unfortunate creature died in three years, or continued to languish some time longer, which would be more dreadful—he could not have recovered. Kloekof, in a very fine work on the diseases of the mind, which depend on the body, confirms by his obser- vations what we have already mentioned. If these emissions, which are sure to be the sequence of such a habit, continue, they at first cause a feeling of lassitude, sleepiness, want of ambition, hesitancy of ac- tion aud speech, occasional and permanent, even din> ness of vision, thoughts diffused, mentpry treacherous or lost, nervousness, such as being easily frightened, sudden starts at trifling noises, want of confidence, a desire not to mingle in society, especially that of females, impo- tency and sterility, indigestion, costiveness, or diarrhoea, (generally costiveness). Those most annoying of any- thing, dark spots under and around the eyes, loss of flesh, pain in the chest and back, weakness, (particu- larly of the legs), coughing, consumption, idiotcy, and insanity. Now, these are the results, as hundreds of my patients are ready to testify. And yet there are pseudo-philanthropists who refuse to adverDise, to let the world know. The physician and 6urgeon, they think, has demeaned himself, by devoting his time to this particular practice. Grave professors are following the same jack-o'-lantern. That is the reason medical students do not have the subject even mentioned to them, for I have some of them my par tients, every few weeks ; but that is not all—they have not only left the victims to themselves, but they have established that hydra-headed monster, Quackery, and the grave is now indebted to that abandonment for its thousands. One of the results, previously mentioned, of _ thj£ vitiated indulgence, is Impotency. and finally sterility. A person with the most circumscribed imagination, can easily foresee the consequent misery, certain to befall 146 them, if they are so imprudent as to enter into a matri- monial alliance before they are cured. The broken heart of their unsuspecting, and, may be, too confiding partner, I will not say too confiding, for I have never met a single patient that would have entered the mar- riage state, if they had known what their deplorable situation would have caused. They would a thousand times have terminated their existence rather than the consummation of the marriage ceremony. I am fully convinced, that a majority of those who commit suicide are impelled to do so by that morbidly diseased state of the mind arising from the habit of mas- turbation, for when it has proceeded far enough to cause impotency and sterility, the mind is so affected, that reason is overpowered and replaced with the horrible idea that every one they meet is aware of their com- plaint, therefore Ihe desire of ridding the world of their presence. This is not an ideal picture, by any means, aa forty-nine out of fifty of the afflicted can testify to its reality. CHAPTER II. THE EFFECTS THE MIND HAS ON THE ORGANS OF GEN- ERATION—ST1UKINS CASES AS WITNESSED BY OTHER ' SURGEONS, AS WELL AS MYSELF. * Persons of mature age have more or less experienced similar effects. A libertine, or sensually dissolute cha- racter, is a person whose mind is not nct'iveiy employed in business, or close application of the mind in any pur- suit, but one who has been fortunate in inheriting wealth or a competency from their relatives or friendly If they have not been favored inibat respect, to enable them to live without exertion, further than the planning of some sumptuous dinner, or the stimulation from liquors at champaigne suppers, sporting, &c, their resort is the gaming-table. The mind, excited with alcoholic drinks, or the highly 14? and richly seasoned food, has full scope to~ anticipate sexual pleasures, but when the labor necessary for the success of business is preying on it, it only anticipates that rest which sleep so well affords, for I have known many and many a person so absorbed in some favorite or necessary pursuit, as to have months elapse without any desire for sexual indulgence, but as soon as the mind was at liberty again they discover their inability, and with the proper treatment, a full restoration. When the organs are in a healthy state, desire can be engen- dered or dissipated by mental impressions ; in fact, the growth and development of the organs can be accele- rated or retarded in a degree by the same means There are many persons who do not feel sexual de- sires until a late period of life ; the consequence is, the organs themselves are not only imperfectly developed, but the body and mind are also retarded in the same way. Sometimes the long suppressed feelings will re- ceive a sudden stimulus, from seeing some person of the opposite sex particularly adapted to make this de- sired impression upon their minds. Every person of ex- perience very well knows that a certain impression must be made on the mind, before the animal feeling is experienced, or the physical development takes place, for there are many of the opposite sex who excite dis- gust, and under such circumstances the certain feelings for enjoyment would not only not be produced, but if age with the necessary favorable circumstances, had not already caused a full development of the organs, there would be great dangef of their ever fulfilling nature's intentions. This at once explains to us the reason of so many of those distressing cases of indifference and dislike to be met with between parties, and be a partial aid in giving the necessary treatment. There are good reasons for supposing thut the sexual instinct is materially dependent upon a particular part of the brain, though we are not exactly certain what part it is, nor whether it is a mere development of it that is needed, or some peculiarity of structure or or- ganization. It is not at all uncommon to find men per- fectly organized in every respect with vigorous minds, and with every other faculty in full play, but yet almost wholly destitute of desire for sexual enjoyment. La 148 i most of these cases, it is true, the generative organs are small or inactive, yet in some they are of full develop- ment, healthy, and active. In such cases we can only account for the singular indifference exhibited, by sup- posing that the part of the brain which regulates the reproductive instinct has not had sufficient power, or else the senses have not been properly presented. In the same way, we can account for the influence of the brain and nervous system on the generative organs, as previously mentioned; such as exhausting the nervous energy, if we can so speak, in thinking, or in muscular energy. The other functions, as well as the generative, are proportionally weakened. Authors are apt to be- come impotent, when the mind is very intently en- gaged on some particular subject. In the lives of seve- ral students, we have a further corroboration in proof of my assertion', as many of them* have been remark- able for their coldness and incapacity, and particularly when engaged in such absorbing and abstract studies as Mathematics. As another instance—Sir Isaac Newton is said to have never known sexual ardor, though in every respect a perfectly formed man, and it is proba- ble, I may say without a doubt, i{ was owing to his in- cessant and all-absorbing studies. I have the fullest proof in sustaining me in the as- sertion, that intense mental occupation will not only lessen the sexual ardor, but that it will extinguish it entirely. This is not a simple fact whicjh should be so easily passed over—as it is of the highest medical and moral importance. • The only thing required in these cases, is, an intelli- gent and honest physician^ who will examine and find the real cause, and then in a sympathizing manner ex- plain it to the patient, administer the proper treatment, and the cure can be effected. But if a wrong course of procedure be adopted, then the evils will be con- firmed. It is in this, as in everything else; ignorance and concealment from the proper physician produce evils that only knowledge and mutual confidence can prevent or remove. Be cautious in choice of your " Doctor, Dear," But after that choice, abandon all fear. » 149 t CHAP. III. INJURIES OF THE BRAIN, CAUSING IMPOTENCY—CASES ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE SAME. Baron Larrey gives the remarkable case of a soldier, - which came under his own notice. He was a healthy, robust man, with strong propensities and endowments, who had a portion of the back part of the head cut off by a sabre. He recovered from the wound, but lost the senses of sight and hearing on the right side. Pain was also experienced down the spine, and a peculiar creeping feeling in the organs, which also began to waste, and in fifteen days the power was entirely lost. M. Lallemand also mentions a case of a French soldier, similarly injured, in the expedition to Algiers, who speedily experienced the same wasting of the organs, loss of power, and sexual desire. In the American Journal of the Medical Sciences, for February, 1839, Dr. Fisher relates a curious instance of a gentleman injured in a railway car. He was look- ing out of the window at the moment when the Collision occurred, and the shock threw his head against the edge of it, striking the back of it with such force as to stun him ; he, however, recovered his senses, and was taken home, but suffered great pain in the back part of the head and top of the neck. His right arm was be- numbed a little, and some difficulty was experienced in passing the urine.; but in two weeks 4ie was able to walk out with no other inconvenience than a slight dim- ness of sight. About the fifth week he discovered that he was impoteut, and had lost all sexual desire. The means used to restore hie genifal powers were only par- tially successful, nor was his memory so perfect as be- fore, but all the other difficulties disappeared under the proper treatment. In the Lancet, for August, 1841, is an account of a medical student who received a blow on the face, in a quarrel, which knocked him down, so that he fell on the back of his head. He was totally unconscious for eight or ten hours, but gradually recovered, and on the following day even resumed hi3 studies, which he con- 150 * tinued unremittingly for tho next six weeks. He, how- ever, became exceedingly irritable, with a feeling of general uneasiness, and after the first week, he observed the genital organs begin to waste and the desire to grow less, till he finally became nearly impotent, but afterwards recovered under proper treatment. Many such cases are witnessed in persons affected with paralysis, and other diseases, which, with the proper treatment, almost invariably recover. But in cases oc- curring from accidents as mentioned in the above cases, the cure is very uncertain, especially if they do not receive the attention proper and necessary without too much de- lay, for if the organs have time to become withered, the vessels do not secrete, and consequently become closed. In such a case, recovery is impossible, for the treatment cannot reach the affected part. This brings us to the conclusion^ that the strength of the sexual desires depends in a great measure upon the organs themselves; yet there are other influences that may operate upon them, as we have previously shown, according to the various mysterious sympathies emav nating from other parts. The q^lebrated John Hunter gives us an instance he met with in bis own practice. I have had many like it in mine. The patient was per- fectly incompetent for the marital duties, solely from fear. CHAP. P7. SPERMATORRHOEA, OR THE UNNATURAL AND pXCESSIVB , LOSS OF SEMEN. When this is lost at the commencement of masturba- tion, it is supposed to be entirely harmless, because they think by such a practice, they will escape, to them, the immoral and degrading vice of licentiousness, and there- fore by the practice of it, when their ardent, youthful and healthy desires are too overpowering, they think they are doing no more than fulfilling the behests of na- 151 ture. In this idea lies the great danger, not only to themselves, but their companions. This is the cause of its being so very prevalent and destructive, for before the first one of a circle of acquaintances is warned of his error, by its effects on his former vivacity and weak- ness, nervousness and probably his own discovery of its preventing the proper development of youth, hundreds may be in the same path to ruin, by its baneful effects on the mind, and the consequent premature decay and death of its victim. The progress of course is gradual— first the vivacity and energy of youth is changed to list- less indifference; the vigor of manhood remains no longer; the peaceful content of mature life is changed to despondency and gloom. I have had many a patient, whose mental powers at the opening of the season of life were capable of making him (what every intellectual personjdesires,) both eminent and happy, but whose bod- ily health and strength "being lost, the mind becomes shattered and almost annihilated in this vortex of de- struction, tempts the sufferer to end this short lived, but miserable existence by suicide. The loss of semen by Spermatorrhoea affects the in- dividual very differently from excessive indulgence, for the loss in every instance by the former, is an operation of, or caused by the mind, whereas, that of the latter, is, even in.the greatest excess, from the effects of a lo- cality of feelings ; yet grave authors, pretending to know all that can be learned of these complaints, say the ef- ' fects are much the same. It is only necessary to Con- vince the reader of the absurdity of their assertion, by a moment's reflection, or, may be, to an acquaintance who is notoriously'licentious, but still as far as appearances are concerned, enjoying good health. Not, so however, with the Onanist, for a partial acquaintance even will discover the inroad that is being made on his system. Do not understand me as saying, that a licentious career does not injure health ; far from it—but the effect is not the same as with the Onanist. An author of a work on this, and the various sexual diseases, divides this complaint into three different stages : " The first stVge, he says, " iswhen the com- plaint is in its incipient stage, and its effects are entirely local: The second stage is when the bladder as well as 152 the surrounding viscera are involved: Third, the mind as well as the whole system is involved." Now 1 am surprised that any.surgeon who has had the advantages of the practice in these diseases which this gentleman, from the number of years he has devoted to them, must have had, will assert that these emissions are wholly a local complaint. By comparing the seminal losses with venesection, the reader can form a faint idea whether this is a local affection or not, for, from an investigation of the subject, a loss of ono ounce of the former is equal to a loss of forty ounces of the latter. Those persons who can see that the semen is lost are, generally speaking, only those whose cases are known. But, at least one half who suffer from this loss, are un- conscious of the fact, as it escapes with the urine, while at stool, or by gradual leakage, and these are the ones who saffer most, for in nearly every case they aufpuider the care of physicians, who grope in the dark, and try, from a want of true knowledge of the case, to cure the effect without removing the cause. While thus laboring, they will treat them for liver-complaint, disease of the heart, indigestion, or symptoms of almost every disease the system is subject to. The ravages of this destruc- tive disease are not confined to a particular class, to age or condition, nor, as I think, I have satisfactorily shown, is it always a consequence of vicious conduct, as some suppose, but, on the contrary, any severe attack of siok- ness often causes it, so the most exemplary and virtuous may be the victim, for the causes of it operate on the healthy and strong, as on the sickly and weak, and at-' tack the middle-nged, either married or single, of the most temperate habits. Therefore the _ incalculable misery—unless this destructive pestilence is unveiled— that every one may know how to guard against its evils. As I have before stated, the genital organs are so intimately connected with the rest of the system, that the slightest derangement of them affects it, more par- ticularly as some parts are in common with the Urinary; the Rectum also is in close juxtaposition to them, so that any disease that affects the genital organs is very apt to disarrange all these likewise, and it is very pro- bable this second affair may be more severe than the first one 153 Diseases of the bladder, kidneys, urethra and rectum, are quite common, and often very distressing, while the causes of them remain undiscovered. In many cases these diseases are only symptoms—the primary trouble being Spermatorrhoea. To this extent is this the fact, that five out of every six of my patients have a disease of the bladder to that extent as to have worn pads, braces, &c.; but as the cause is not known, of course the effect is not removed. The main cause of the genital organs exerting such an influence over the whole system, is their intimate con- nection with the nerves. As there is no process carried on in the body requiring so much the action of the nerves, as the evacuation of the semen; that is the reason it is so exhaustive of the vital energy. In youth this power is brought in requisition, for the formation and full devel- opment of the genitals ; so if nature is not left free for this purpose, the other parts of the system are not stimu- lated in a sufficient manner for the perfection intended, and necessary for a full development of the entire sys- tem. This is the reason why those who are castrated are always imperfect in body and mind, and descend to the grave so early, for if these organs are removed, na- ture will not sufficiently concentrate itself to any one so as to be sufficient to stimulate the whole ; consequently, the development is only partial. Eunuchs are a suf- ficient proof; or compare a mutilated animal with one that is not, and it will be at once evident that the form of the body and the disposition are completely changed. Even in after life, the vital energy requisite to secrete roperly, at the same time invigorates the system, and isposes it to a constant activity, that otherwise would not be exhibited. Therefore, this substance is an essen- tial and important agent, not only for perfecting the body in early life, but at a later period to arouse it to the proper exertion. So, I think, there can be~no doubt that a deficiency or an abundance of this fluid does exert a most decided influence on the character of the indi- vidual. Many are dull and inactive, from a de- ficiency in this respect, while others are too impulsive and restless, from a superabundance—yet the cause is seldom suspected. And if this nervous energy is ex- hausted by emissions, its abstraction necessarily weakens 13 154 the power of the whole system. By an extra effort na- ture can, for a time, supply the deficiency produced", but if the excess be contiuued, this effort soon fails, and then the general prostration follows. Then it is the stomach cannot digest the food, the heart cannot, for the lack of power, propel the blood, nor the brain think. This brings us to the cause, in such cases, of dyspep- sia, heart diseases, fettered intellect, insanity, and the thousand and one other evils. It has been stated that the brain has been found wasted and softened, after tho death of persons from these complaints, and I have no doubt that these poor victims, who are troubled with pain in the head, dimness of vision, loss of hearing, &c, the brain is constantly in a state of inflammation, or wasting away, and continues till they become deaf, blind and insane.' CHAPTER V. CAUSE OF SPERMATORRHOEA. The most frequent cause of Spermatorrhoea, of course, is the degrading habit of self-abuse ; yet a too frequent sexual excitement will cause it. Another cause which will produce these emissions is an innocent habit, which has, up to this time, never been mentioned by any writer. Many a person has been convinced that this disease has been caused by some excess or other ; but what that excess was, they were unable to tell; but they attributed it, generally, to a too full indulgence of their sexual passions, either at an early or late period. One thing was certain—they had all the misfortune of the masturbator, without, the crime of having know- ingly produced them. Some may have become impotent—partially or wholly —and sdme may have only had the other symptoms accompanying Spermatorrhoea. The habit to which I allude, is that of only a partial connection ; that is, withdrawing the penis, just as the semen is about to be 155 ejected, in the act of copulation. The reason for this is, to prevent the female becoming pregnant. Why this practice is injurious to the male is, because the act of copulation, not having been fully completed, leaves the organs to complete the act alone, instead of having the natural stimulus andexcitant to the end, thereby leaving more or less semen in the canal and ducts to ooze out afterwards. An attack of fever and some other diseases will cause Spermatorrhoea, and especially, if the genital organs be- come inflamed, for it leaves them in a state of irritation, which constantly stimulates them to activity, so that they become entirely independent of the will, for the pleasurable sensations attending the emissions, during 6leep, soon pass away, and then they begin to occur, without the sensation or knowledge, till awakened in the morning ; and finally, they take place in the day- time, when the bowels are moved, or the urine passed 3 but in the most aggravated cases there is a constant running away of the semen, without any intermission. This is from a relaxation of the mouths of the seminal ducts. When it comes away with the urine, it is from an inflammation of them, which involves the bladder, and causes a desire oftener to pass urine than usual. I very frequently have married men for patients, both from self-abuse at an earlier age, and which they sup- posed the marriage state would rid them of, which is a fatal idea, for it involves the misery of an unsuspecting person as well as their own. It is often the case, that Spermatorrhoea is caused by sexual excesses, and not using true moderation. This is a fatal error; for they arc liable to suffer at any time. And they are greatly surprised, when they find on coming to me, what the real trouble was. It is the same with those moral and religious young men, who have never been addicted to the practice of masturbation, yet the mature develop- ment and good health, will cause these dreaded emis- sions at night, and with the consciousness of strict rec- titude, they think it is a harmless occurrence, until the fatal error is found out too late for them to escape its ravages, for I can assert positively from the advantages of an immense practice, that an emission in this unnatu- ral manner is injurious. This is an important truth, 156 and should be known by every one; and it, no doubt will surprise the reader, because it has not before been known. For that very object I have published this little work, divested of all indelicate language, that it may be read in every family without any objection from the pure-minded female. This insuperable objection to all the other works, is the cause of so much ignorance, which for the benefit of humanity should bo supplanted by knowledge. There are certain medicines that will cause this com- plaint, and often cause severe inflammatory complica- tions, and yet they are administered to prevent the diffi- culty; such is especially the case with Canthaeides, Phosphorus, Iron, Opium, &c. CHAPTER VI. Effects of Spermatorrhoj:—As shown by cases from my own note-book,, to all of whieh are attached their certificates to me, of their cure. The originals can be seen at my office with the full names. And I am not afraid to assert, that they are unprecedented. I will preface these cases by enumerating the effects of the disease, as will be seen, by reading the cases of the different individuals. Some of the first effects, are exhibited on the genitals, particularly those most immediately connected, such as the urinary organs. The irritation speedily extends from the ducts and vas deferens to the urethra and blad- der, and when it is so great in the latter that it will not retain the least quantity of urine, it proceeds along to the ureters and kidneys, causing all the symptoms of inflammation of them, and of gravel, with great weak- ness, and pain in the back. Many patients come to me for their cure, without any idea of the real cause of all their suffering, for nearly all of them have been under the charge of physicians, who have tried in vain to alle- viate their condition in the least. The rectum, or large 151 intestine, is very apt to suffer, as it is in direct proximity to the prostraic gland and seminal vesicles. 1 have had patients, with a sensation of bearing; down to that degree, that they have worn trusses and bandages, by the advice of physicians, to help support the bowels. The constant irritation and inflammation internally, soon causes constipation and piles ; and when the mucous coat is involved, then it causes a diarrhoea, which no medica- tion can check, so long as the cause is uot removed. A fre- quent symptom is a peculiar irritation or itching of the urethra and meatus. Urinarious, or opening of the canal, sometimes little sores or pimples filled with water or blood on the external parts. These local effects will soon usher in those more severe—universal lassitude and weakness, with a remarkable loss of power in the leg% causing great weariness in walking, and especially in as- cending stairs, which will cause trembling, paleness, a fluttering or palpitatinn of the heart, and fainting indi- cations. In time the stomach suffers, digestion is im- perfect ; emaciation, and -.vasting away follows. The loss of nervous power affects the diaphragm 3 and then there is a difficu-.r.)' of breathing, which finally affects the lungs. The head is not exempt from the gene- ral influence, and headache. vush of blood to the head, dizziness and drowsiness, dimness or loss of sight, is fre- quently observed as if acob-.veb was spread over the eye. which will fill with water, ard look red on any extra use or it; generally, however, the lids are more affected, which it is impossible to benefit until the cause is removed The effect on the mind and feelings are the most marked. Mutual activity is as difficult and unpleasant as bodily. They become dull, listless and moping ; the memory fails, and the judgment weakens, so that all power of applica- tion is lost. The mind cannot be concentrated ; when an effort is made, they will wake as from a dream, and find they have quite forgotten the subject. This of course renders them entirely unfit for business or any close ap- plication, and finally degenerates into insanity. If the records of the failures in business, or in the seminaries, academies and colleges, could all be written, the num- bers that were made victims from this disease, would as> tonish the world. Moral teachings in these cases only add fuel to the 13* 158 flames. The feelings and dispositions of this class of persons are almost indescribable. They become melan- choly and sensitive to such a degree, that they will often shed tears at a trifling occurrence. They imagine themselves subjected to trials and insults that no one else would dream of. They will start suddenly at a slight noise. "What makes it worse then, is an aversion to the opposite sex. Many of the misanthropes and hermits are of this kind. I will now pass from the more general description to the special ones, as presented by the cases themselves. CASE I. In 1850, Mr. S., of New Jersey, gave me this written statement:— " I am 38 years of age. I commenced the habit of masturbation at the age of seven or eight. I was taught the practice by a female servant, and continued it with more or less violence, until I was married, at the age of twenty-seven. I several times previous to mar- riage, tried to leave off the practice, but found by so doing, I had involuntary emissions at night; to avoid which, I continued the practice of it till f was married, hoping that would bring me all right; but how sad were my feelings, and bow miserable my position, when I found my hopes were blasted. Well, in my endeavors to prevent the emissions, my habits led me into exces- sive venery, which, in my then state of health, was nearly as destructive, for I unfortunately continued it for nearly six years, until I became so reduced, and in suoh a dreadful state of nervousness, that I tried to ab- stain in toto, in order to recover my strength ; but in doing so, the horrible emissions again commenced. I thon tried to refrain gradually ; but that would not do. My situation was truly horrible, for I was descending to the grave at a rapid rate. I then applied to a dis- tinguished surgeon for a cure ; but his greatest efforts were of no benefit. I then tried anoiher, with no better success ; then another, and another, with the like result. I then called on a surgeon, who devoted his attention entirely to this class of diseases, and who charged me a fee of $200. I will state further, that you can fully un- 159 derstand my case. I am a complete wreck—my mind has long since lost its vigor, which threw my business into such a deranged state, that I became involved to the extent that extrication was impossible—and I lost every dollar. I am now scarcely able to fill a clerkship, npon a small salary. I am very nervous, can eat only the most easily-digested food, am troubled with costive- ness, short breath, and so weak that I can scarcely ful- fill my duties. I have been using the cold-baths daily, for a long time. I have tried salt-water baths, and, in fact, everything that I have been told or supposed would be a benefit to me. Now, Dear Doctor, after hearing of some cases that some acquaintances and others had experienced under your treatment, I place myself in your hands. And may God assist you in re- storing me—for this is my last and only hope." This gentleman's case is a simple narrative in his own hand-writing. His sleep was broken and restless; he at times complained of vertigo, noise in the head, loss of sight and memory ^ he also had urethral irritations, attended with an occasional discharge, pains in his loins, and groins. Notwithstanding the early commencement of the habit, and its long continuance, and of his exces- ses after marriage, I was after a persevering treatment of some six weeks, able to recover all of the general de- rangements of the system—except entirely restoring his digestive powers fully, in so short a time—and prevent the emissions entirely, except one, which took place within a few days of the commencement of my treat- ment. This case is a fair copy of the results of those who are so unfortunate as to follow the advice of those phy- sicians who advise marriage, when a person is laboring under a disease of this nature. It surprised me much, to find the organs so strong as they were, for it is al- most always the case with these married patients, that they are nearly or partially impotent. case rs. A case resembling this very much, was Mr. M., of this city, who I cured about a year ago ; but he had been entirely impotent for four years. He had not been 160 able to discover any semen for tho whole time. On my examining the urine, however, with iny microscope, I discovered some in a wry vitiated state mixed with it, although with the naked eye, it was not discernible This gentleman was some ten years younger than the other, and had been under the charge of a nuinbor of physicians, without improving his condition in the least. They finally prevailed on him to get married ; he took their advice, not only to his own sorrow, but one who was dearer to him than life, in his then unhappy condi- tion, for he had deceived an over confiding and innocent wife, almost as soon as they were pronounced man and wife, for scarce six months had intervened before he found himself in the deplorable condition mentioned above. Now, this one case I know, by being placed before the public, will be the means of saving thousands from a similar fate, for certainly no sane person, who has ever been addicted to any practice from which any such hor- rible contingency could possibly arise, will even think of taking so fatal a step, without consulting me or some other physician in whom they can trust themselves, with the conviction that their case cannot be in better hands. CASK III. The next case is that of Mr. P., of this city. He is a young man of high intellectual power, anil general business talents—a junior partner in a wholesale house. A few months previous to his placing himself under my charge, he had a very severe attack of gonorrhoea, with orchitis, which left a. stricture, and of so inflammatory a character, that he was obliged to pass mine frequent- ly. His health otherwise was tolerably good. These were his symptoms at the time of his coming to me. With the addition of his having been impotent for some time, with a very great relax tion of the scrotum, which allowed the left testicle to descend as much a.* six inches. 1 had no trouble in restoring him to health, in a short time, with the single exception of the last above men- tioned relaxation of the seminiferous tubes. In some of these c.ises. it is sometimes necessary to operate, in order to bring the scrotum back to its natural size and 161 firmness. I did not do so, however, in this case; but by his wearing a suspensory bandage, and using the washes I gave him, succeeded in nearly restoring it to its former firmness. I consider this diseased state of the testicle one of the most dangerous and intractable of all these complaints, for if so bad as to require an ope- ration with the knife, there is great danger of the virile powers being destroyed. I will now copy a case of M. Lallemand's—a cele- brated French practitioner, who has, from his assiduous application to this subject, been the means of enlighten- ing the world to a greater extent, than any other person, of the importance of understanding the treatment of this dire disease. His treatment, however, I will men- tion here, is one that I do not approve, and of course don't adopt, as far, I mean, as cauterization is concerned, yet, he thinks, and so asserts, that out of the whole number of these complaints, there are two-thirds of them that cannot be cured, unless that treatment is adopted. In this he is in error, very greatly so, as will be seen in the cases of my own, in the suceeding pages. I have not used such treatment in scarcely a case ; yet the certifi- cates for their cure I have in their own hand-writing, as I have previously stated that all the cases I publish are those for which I have their own certificates, and some of them had, previous to applying to me, been treated in that way. Some even had submitted to cauterization, eight or ten times, and left worse, than when they com- menced. Yet the physicians adopt that treatment in nearly every case. This case confirms what I have said about married men suffering with the disease as well as those who are single, and shows how easily physicians mistake the symptoms for those of other affections. CASE IV. He (Lallemand,) says, " In the month of January, 1824, 1 was requested to see M. De S----, who was affected with symptoms of cerebral congestion, from which he had sufiered for some time. During several consultations I gathered the following facts:— " M. De S. was born in Switzerland, of healthy pa- rents, and his father died suddenly of affection of the 1G2 brain. M. De S. possessing a strong constitution and an active mind, received an excellent education, and at an early age turned his attention to the study of phi- losophy and metaphysics; he afterwards studied moral philosophy, and politics. After having spent some years in Paris, pursuing his favorite subjects, he was obliged to undertake the management of a manufactory, and to attend to details, which wounded his pride. Ho became, by degrees, peevish and capricious, was irri- tated by the slightest contradiction—showed no pleasure at fortunate events—and gave way to anger on improper occasions. At length he appeared to feel disgust and fa- tigue at correspondence or mental exertion. At this pe- riod he married, and Dr. Butini, of Geneva, his medical attendant and friend, wrote respecting him, as follows :— " ' With this marriage, the most happy period of his existence seemed to commence ; but soon the get ins of the disease, which so many causes had contributed to produce, became rapidly developed. It was perceived that M. De S. wrote slowly, and with difficulty, and his style presented signs of the decay of his faculties ; he stammered and expressed his ideas very imperfectly ; he experienced also, at times, attacks of vertigo, so severe as to make hi in fall, without, however, losing sensibility or being attacked with convulsions. One day, an attack which frightened the patient seriously, and left a deep impression on his family, came on whilst writing an ordinary letter. His medical attendants attributed this attack, which left a weakness of the right side of the body, to apoplexy. Twenty leeches were applied to the anus, and the danger seemed at an end. Similar attacks, however, occurred at Geneva and Mont- pelicr, and several distinguished practitioners were con- sulted. Some of them, struck by the misanthropic irri- tability of the patient, and his solitary habits, regarded the affection as purely hypochondriacal or nervous; others, taking into consideration his digestive disorder, considered it an affection of the brain, such as encepha- litis, or chronic meningitis, arising from hereditary pre- disposition. This last opinion was held by Dr. Bailly, of Blois. At all these consultations, tho necessity of ab- staining from serious occupation, the utility of traveling, of various umuscments, and of a strict regimen ; and 163 the importance of free evacuations from the bowels, by means of-purgatives and injections, were agreed on. Many of the practitioners recommended the frequent application of leeches to the anus, with milk diet, &c.; others thought, that assafcedita baths, and camphor, were indicated. None of their modes of treatment, how- ever, produced any considerable amendment; the leeches weakened the patient, and the milk diet dis- ci dered his stomach ; his constipation continued, cold plunge-baths and cold effusions to the head relieved the insupportable spasms. M. De S. experienced great pains in his legs and face ; the waters of A ix, in Savoy, and the use of douches also appeared to produce some improvement. Still M. De S. became more irritable, and at the same time more apathetic. His attacks wire more frequent and more violent, and he mani- fested greater indifference towards the persons and things he had before been partial to. The weakness of his limbs increased to such an extent, that ho frequently fell, even on the most level ground. His niglits were restless, his sleep very light, and often interrupted by nervous tremors, or acute pains, accom- panied with cramp. The cerebral congestion increased, and the imminent fear of apoplexy rendered leeches, to the a:ms, venesection to the foot, tartar emetic ointment, blisters, mustard, pediluvia, and the application of ico to the head necessary. Notwithstanding the employ- ment of these energetic measures, another violent attack of congestion occurred. I was summoned on this occa- sion, and 1 found the patient restless, agitated, and inca- pable of remaining two minutes in the same place; his face was red, his eyes projected and fixed, his physiog- nomy expressed extreme dread ; his walk was uncertain, his legs bending under the weight of his body, his skiu cold, and his pulse small and slow. " ' The last circumstance attracted my attention, and I also recommended the application of leeches to the anus. M. De S. immediately threw himself into a violent pas- sion, and asserted that leeches had always weakened him, without giving him any relief. I was too muoh afraid of the occurrence of apoplexy to pay attention to this assertion, and I succeeded in obtaining the ap- plication of six leeches. The next day I found "the pa- 164 tient *ery pale, and so weak, ho was unable to walk— a source of much annoyance to him, as he manifested* constant desire for motion. An acdametous swelling of tho parotid gland and of the right cheek followed, which was succeeded, a few days after, by a similar state of the left leg and foot. Sleep had become indispensable, and the patient was much reduced from want of it; he told me with tears in his eyes, that he had lost his appetite, and could no longer relieve his bowels. I also learned that he was habitually costive'and flatulent; that he often bad recourse to injections and purgatives, in-order to relieve his obstinate constipation; and, lastly, that hiB walks and the evacuation of his bowels had lately become the sole objects of his thoughts and conversation. Having observed analogous symptoms in almost every person affected by diurnal pollutions, I made further inquiries respecting the attack in which it was supposed the right side had been paralyzed, and I was soon con- vinced that the intellectual powers had been wanting, and not the power in the hand which held the pen ; both sides of the Dody had, in fact, retained an equal degree Of strength.' " Struck by a remark of Dr. Butini, respecting the progress of the disease soon after marriage, I made in- quiries of Madam De S., and learned that the character of her husband had become so uncertain and torment- ing, that his friends thought he must be unhappy in his marriage. I then suspected that the origin of the pa- tient's disease had been mistaken ; and I requested that his urine might be kept for my inspection. Tho ap- pearance of the urine was sufficient to convince me that my suspicions were well founded; it was opaque, thick, of a foetid and nauseous odor, resembling that of water in which anatomical specimens had been macerated. By pouring it off slowly, I obtained a flocculent cloud, like a very thick decoction of barley; a gluey, ropy, greenish matter remained, strongly adherent to the bot- tom of the vessel, and thick globules of a yellowish, white color, non-adherent, like drops of pus, were mixed with this deposit. I was therefore convinced, that Spermatorrhoea existed, together with chronic inflam- mation of the prostrate gland arid suppuration in the kidneys. 165 " Notwithstanding the state of M. Do S's intellect, 1 was able at a favorable moment to obtain further in- formation :—At the age of sixteen he had contracted blennorrhagia; this he carefully concealed, and suc- ceeded in curing by the use of refrigerant drinks. The following year the blennorrhagia returned, and was re- moved by astringents. Two years afterwards, from drinking freely of beer while heated, the discharge again appeared, and after some time it again returned, from the effects of horse-exer«iso. Since that time M. De S. had felt little sexual desire, and bad abstained from in- tercourse without regret. Ejaculation during coitus had always been very rapid. " Fully convinced by combining all these circum- stances, I explained to M. De S. the nature of his disease, and ho promised me to observe carefully. The next day he called mo aside, and told me that the last drops of urine were viscid, and that during an evacuation of tho bowels, he had passed a sufficient quantity of a simi- lar matter to fill the palm of his hand. " Eight days after, another attack of cerebral con- gestion occurred, followed by stentorous breathing, cold skin, and an inappreciable pulse; the patient fell into a kind of syncope, of which he died on the 1st of March, 1824." Every few weeks I have cases as nearly as possible to the above, and find it is the fault of the treatment used for the cure of the gonorrhoea—using astringent or caus- tic injections and such medicines as copaiba, cubebs, &c. Yet this treatment is still universally followed. By my own treatment in these cases, I find no trouble in curing them—in almost every instauce, within twenty-four hours—whether they are recent or of years' standing; and 1 have never lost a patient, notwithstanding many wero of the most horrible description of constitutional veneral affections. Constipation is occasionally the cause of Sperma- torrhoea, as I have before stated; but very few wonld suppose, however, that it could have the effect which sometimes follows from it. The next Case will convince the most skeptical— though it is'seldom we have so severe a case^—they are generally pretty bad. 166 CASE V. " M. De B. consulted me, (says M. Lallemand), in the month of May, 1834, respecting a cerebral affection, on whose nature distinguished physicians could not agree, but which all regarded as very serious. " He was of middle height, with a large chest, and a « well-developed muscular system, his hair brown and curly, his beard thick, his face full and deeply colored. Notwithstanding these signs of apparent strength and health, I noticed that his knees were slightly bent, and that he was unable to remain long standing, without ■ shifting the weight of his body from one leg to the other; his voice was weak and husky, the motions of his tongue seemed embarrassed, and he articulated his words in a confused manner; his attitude was timid, and his manner had something of incertitude and fear; he had been married fifteen days. His mother-in-law and his young wife, who accompanied ^him, informed me, that within this period he had had several attacks of congestion of the brain, during which his face was hrghly injected. At the first of these attacks, the sur- geon, called in the night, had bled him to the extent of three pounds, in order to prevent apoplexy; repeated venesection, and the frequent application of leeches had relieved such attacks of congestion, but had not prevented their recurrence. The patient had become subject to attacks of vertigo, and was unable to look upwards with- out feeling giddy; his legs had become so weak that he had fallen several times, even when walking on level ground. His ideas had lost their clearness, and his memory failed rapidly. " These symptoms had spread consternation through both the family of my patient, and that of his wife, espe- cially as several practitioners of reputationjvere agreed as to the existence of some serious disease of the brain, although they could not decide as to its nature. Most of them, however, were inclined to suspect ramollissoment • (softening). The countenance of the patient, during this recital, the coincidence of the congestion, with the period of his marriage, and the bad effects of blood-let- ting, made me suspect the nature of the disorder, and induced me to question the patient, separately. 167 " When we were alone he, told me, stammering, that an unexpected occurrence, immediately after his mar- riage, had at first prevented any conjugal intimacy, and that afterwards he had found himself completely im> potent. He attributed this misfortune to the attacks of cerebral congestion and to the bleedings he had under- gone. On further inquiry, however, I discovered that he1 was affected by diurnal pollutions. " The following is the history I obtained from this atient, by dint of questioning :—At the age of sixteeDj e possessed a very strong constitution and ardent and assionate character. At school he contracted the abit of masturbation,and at the end of three months he had frequent nocturnal pollutions, with pain in the Chest, and troublesome palpitations, which warned hint of the danger of the vice, and he renounced it forever. When he became free from the restraints of school, he subdued the ardor of his temperament, by the most vid- lent exercises—especially that of the chase—and he at- tached himself to agricultural pursuits, with much ener- gy. This new mode of life so completely re-established his health, that he was tormented by energetic and con- tinual erections, to subdue which he employed rive# baths, even in the coldest seasons. He never committed excesses of any kind, and had never suffered from any Dlennorrhagic or syphilitic affection. In 1831, the erec- tions were slightly mitigated, hut he became very much constipated, which he attributed to the constant use of horse-exercise. In 1832, he experienced some numb- ness and creeping sensations in his feet and legs. In 1833, frequent dazzling of sight occurred, with vertigo*. difficulty of vision, and flushes of heat towards the head and face. The patient attributed all these symptoms to the effects of his still increasing constipation. At the same time that these symptoms occurred, the patient's erections became rarer, less energetic, and, after a time, incomplete ; his fitness for intellectual labor dimin- ished ; the cerebral cong estions became more frequent and more severe ; his face became habitually very red, his head burning, and almost constant fixed pain came on in the orbits, and his character became fickle and contradictory. " His family physician, attributing all these disorders 168 to a state of plethora, caused blood to be drawn several times, without benefit. "In March, 1834, M. De B. engaged himself to a young lady, who lived about two leagues from his es- tate ; and in order to visit her without neglecting the care of his property, he was obliged to make long and frequent journeys on horseback. Shortly before his marriage these journeys became so frequent that ho might be said to pass the greater part of his time on horseback. His constipation increased to such a degree that he passed forty days without fcecal evacuation. During his efforts at stool he passed semen in large quantities, and in jets, although the penis remained flac- cid. He had previously several times noticed the same occurrence, but as he attributed it to his long continued continence, he paid little attention to the circumstance. His urine was constantly muddy; it was passed slowly and with difficulty, and threw down a large quantity of thick and flocculent deposit. " M. De B. awaited the period of his marriage with a vague uneasiness, of which he could not imagine the cause. He was much attached to his betrothed, but nevertheless, he experienced more embarrassment than pleasure in her society. " I have already stated what occurred after his mar- riage. I should add, that, having examined his genital organs, I found them, contrary to my expectations, of unusual development; the testicles were large and firm, but the scrotum was slightly relaxed. The patient ex- perienced a strangling in the organs, and at times felt as if they were compressed by a hand of iron. These Bensations increased when near_ his wife, and the penis diminished in size and became retracted towards the pubes, in proportion as he endeavored to excite erection. The union of all these circumstances could not permit any doubt to remain on my mind as to the nature of his disease. It became evident that all idea of cerebral af- fection must be abandoned, and that the diurnal pollu- tions, with all the symptoms of which they were the cause, must be referred to the patient's constipation. The first indication to be fulfilled, therefore, was to re- lieve the constipation; indeed, I hoped that was all that would be necessary. Tho youth of the patient, the 169 development of his genital organs, and the strength of his constitution induced me to suppose that his cure was prompt and easy. Things did not, however, follow, so simple a course. The next day, the patient began' to use ascending douches; and was put on a vegetable diet, with iced-milk. " The first douches caused the evacuation of an im- mense quantity of foecal matter in lumps, as hard as bullets, and it was not till after the sixth douche that the foaces were of normal consistence. I then caused the temperature of the water to be lowered to about 88° of Fahrenheit, and afterwards to 81". The last few douches were given at 68" Fahrenheit. After the twelfth douche had been administered, they were omit- ted, the bowels having acted regularly every day, with- out the necessity of the slightest straining. By tins' time the patient's countenance had lost its purple tint, and presented a more natural appearance ; the straining sensations of which he had complained, diminished by degrees, and at length'disappeared entirely; his legs regained their strength, and he was able to continue in a standing position for a long time without fatigue, and to take long walks without inconvenience; his voice resumed its natural tone ; his eye regained its expression, and all his motions acquired firmness. At the expira- tion of a fortnight the spermatic discharges during defa> cation had ceased entirely ; but his urine still continued thick. His erections had already acquired sufficient en- ergy to make him believe himself cured; but ejaculation took place almost immediately. The use of ice and cold lotions, did not ameliorate his condition. " Such was M. De B's state, at the end of a month, when, in order to act directly on the orifices of the ejaculatory ducts, I determined to cauterize the pros- tatic portion of the urethra. As soon as the inflam- mation had subsided, his erections became more per- fect and energetic, yet ejaculation still took place too rapidly. " The period for using the mineral water having ar- rived, I sent M. De B. to Aix, in Savoy, where I visit- ed him shortly after. He had experienced very little benefit from the use of the waters, either externally or internally. 110 ««I now prescribed douches, alternately very warm and very cold, on the perineum and loins, the spout be- ing changed when the sensation of either cold or heat became very intense. The bath was ended after about twenty or twenty-five minute's, by tho cold douche, and the patient's skin remained highly injected for some hours afterwards. The effects of these douches were conclusive. After the first, the patient's erections ac- quired a degree of vigor and duration which reminded him of his early torments. He continued the use of tho douches for some time after his re-establishment; and when he left Aix, the functions of his genital organs were perfect. Ejaculation was a good deal protracted by the use of the douches. " I have entered into a somewhat lengthy detail of this case, because the subject affects gravely the most serious interests of society as well as the happiness and peace of families. Besides, I confess that 1 was much interested by the unhappy position of a young man whose misfortune was undeserved, and could not have been forseen, as well as by that of his wife—a young woman, scarcely of age, who was obliged to enter into the most unpleasant details. " It is evident that in the case of M. De B. the con- stipation was the cause of the involuntary seminal dis- charges. The patient had practiced masturbation, it is true, and nocturnal emissions followed ; but he had con- tinued the vice only three months, and his health, though disordered for a short time, was soon re-established by the use of violent exercise. "M. De B. was even tormented fof~several years by erections, which must have been very energetic, if we judge by the means he took to subdue them. From this time he had never committed any kind of excess, and he had never suffered from either syphilis or blen- norrhagia. There is then no circumstance in the history of his life, except his constipation, which would account for the involuntary discharges. " But to what is this constipation to be referred 1 After all I could learn from the patient concerning his mode of life, I could only refer it to his constant horse- exercise. In fact, M. De B. sometimes passed whole days on horseback, either for the purpose of hunting or Ill of superintending the management of his property. Shortly before his marriage, his rides became more frequent and longer, and his bowels at this time did not act during forty days. The weakness of his legs, the stunning sensations, &c, increased in proportion a3 his costiveness became more confirmed. " This case recalls to my mind the well-known ob- servation of Hippocrates on the impotence of the Scy- thians, and I have no doubt that his opinion was found- ed on analogous facts. I shall treat this subject more fully in another place; but since at present 1 am con- sidering the causes of Spermatorrhoea which act on the seminal vesicles through the influence of the rectum, I report this striking case, showing the effects of long- continued horse-exercise. "M. De B. was accustomed to nutritious food, and of a well-marked sanguineous temperament; he had a large chest, powerful muscles, and a highly-injected countenance ; it is therefore by no means extraordinary that he should have been bled frequently for the relief of the cerebral congestions to which he was subject. On the night of his marriage the blood rushed to his head with greater force than ever, so that an attack of apo- plexy was much feared. The weakness of the legs, the frequent falls and the attacks of vertigo, were therefore afterward attributed to an advanced* stage of disease of the brain. This was a very natural opinion, but it was an incorrect one; I doubted it from the commencement, although the patient was brought to me in consequence of a supposed cerebral affection. I formed a different impression, because I had previously seen many analo- .gous cases. "There existed in all these patients something pecu- liar in the expression of the eyes, in the position, in the voice, and in the general appearance; something of timidity and bashfulness, which I am unable to express, but which is instantly recognized by the experienced, although perhaps it is incapable of explanation. How- ever this may be, the relation of the above case should draw attention to the subject. " I admit that venesections seemed to be clearly indi- cated in the case of M. De B., but the loss of blood never produced good effects, either immediate or remote; 112 and by analyzing the case carefully, bis attendants would have seen that under this treatment the attacks increased in frequency. But pre-convictions throw a thick veil over the most acute perceptions. The as- cending douches put an end to the constipation ; but freedom of foecal evacuation did not suffice to cure the disease. The seminal discharges, during the passage 'of foeces, diminished, indeed, or perhaps entirely ceased, but the patient's urine remained thick and muddy, and his erections were incomplete. The application of ice and of the nitrate of silver, and the use of sulphurous waters, were not sufficient to effect this cure ; yet there could not have existed any organic change in his genital organs. We can, therefore, only attribute the continu- ance of the seminal discharge, during the emptying of the bladder, to relaxation of the ejaculatory canals, pro- duced by their long habit of allowing the semen te escape in a passive manner—showing how necessary it is to put an end to the habit as early as possible." Every patient after reading this case, will at once see the injury which is caused by'using the mechanical in- struments that are advertised for sale, and warranted to be the only sure cure of the emissions, by preventing them from taking place. Such rings, by being placed over the penis while it is in its natural state, of course becomes tight and causes pain, when an erection takes place, thereby waking the patient; not, however, before the semen leaves the ducts and reaches the canal, which must then either pass out entirely or recede into the bladder, causing all the serious affections heretofore witnessed in the preceding cases, as well as many more, in the after part of the work. I shall also there speak fully on the different appliances that have been tried, as well as that of the medication generally adopted. The next Case shows the effects of worms in the rectum, not only producing but keeping up Spermatorr- hoea, and also in being the original cause of masturba- tion, even in young children. CASE VI. "M. R, a student of medicine, (says Lallemand), enjoyed good health in his childhood, but about the ago 173 of fifteen was tormented by prolonged and frequent erections. One evening, for the relief of the itching of which the extremity of the penis was the seat, he rubbed the organ violently between his hands. This led to the establishment of the habit of masturbation as a habit, or rather as a passion, the patient practicing it some- times as often as eight or ten times a day. His health, by degrees, became so altered that one of his friends suspected his practice, and told him the danger of his situation. By degrees he corrected himself, though not entirely, before he had attained his twentieth year. On his renouncing masturbation, nocturnal emissions supervened, and often occurred two or three times a night. They diminished after a time, but without ceasing entirely, and seminal emissions during defacation and the emission of urine, were added to them. Thus his health became more and more disordered, for nine years, notwithstanding absolute continence, a severe regimen, and the use of sedatives, tonics, and anti-spas- modics. At length he grew incapable of any mental , exertion. " In 1837, he came to Montpelier, at the age of twen- ty-nine, in the following condition :-^extreme emacia- tion, face pale, appearance stupid, and confused, intel- lect dull, reasoning powers much affected, the patient being incapable of connecting two ideas on the most simple topic of conversation ; loss of memory, constant headache, referred to the forehead and temples, and in- creased by any mental excitement, being then accom- panied by nervous tremors, and an almost idiotic state , sleep broken and unrefreshing, constant sighing, frequent attacks of congestion of the head, especially at night, violent noise in the ears, resembling the sound'of a water- fall, vertigo, stunning sensations, giving rise to a con- stant fear of apoplexy, timidity carried to a ridiculous extent, panics of fear, even during the day, character gloomy, taciturn, restless and irritable, horror of the least noise and of all society, irresistible restlessness, great weakness, abundant sweats after every slight ex- ertion, almost constant coryza,-sfrequent dry and hard cough, pains in the base of the chest, the region of the heart and along the spinal column, appetite voracious, dragging at the pit of the stomach, difficult digestion, 174 accompanied with the development of flatus, grinding of the teeth during sleep, burning at the point of the tongue, darting pains in the bowels, especially in the rectum, obstinate constipation, alternating with violent attacks of diarrhoea, stools containing much mucus and Sometimes streaked with blood, periodical pains at the margin of the anus, in the perineum, pdnis and testicles,' urine passed in large quantities and very frequeutly, always throwing down a whitish, thick and very abun- dant deposit, involuntary emissions during defecation, both when constipated and relaxed, frequent and pro- longed erections, by day as well as by night, with con- stant presence of erratic ideas. " On sounding this patient, I found the urethra very sensitive, especially towards the neck of the bladder, and I consequently thought that the nocturnal and diur- nal pollutions were kept up by a state of irritation, arising from masturbation. I therefore proposed cau- terization. This was performed on the following day, and produced the usual immediate effects, but its cura- tive effects did not take place as I had anticipated. I then direoted the patient to notice his foeces, and a few days afterwards hs told me that he had observed nume- rous little worms passed in his stools. I now ordered enema of cold water, and salt and water, which, how- ever, produced only a momentary effect—probably be- cause the ascarides inhabited the upper part of the in- testine. A few doses of calomel, however, caused them to disappear without returning; and from this moment, the involuntary diurnal emissions ceased entirely, the nocturnal emissions became more and more rare, and the patient's re-establishment progressed very rapidly. " M. R. returned to his studies with ardor, and long afterwards all functions were perfectly well performed. It appears evident that the irritation caused by the ascarides in the rectum, first led this patient to practice masturbation, and afterwards kept up inv< luntary sem- inal discharges. I did not discover this at first, because the history of his case, sent me by the patient, was so long, and was characterized by such disorder and want of clearness, that I was unable to arrive at any satis- factory conclusions from such a chaos ; his answers were Still more vague and unconnected, so that my attention 175 had been chiefly attracted to the state of his intellect and the abuses he had committed. But after seeing the little success of cauterization, and again reading his notes, I paid more attention to the circumstances attend- ing the commencement of his practicing masturbation, and I noticed several symptoms to which I had not be- fore attached importance—such as grinding of the teeth during sleep, burning pain in the point of the tongue, pain in the rectum and at the margin of the anus, the stools always containing mucus and sometimes being streaked with blood, and especially the frequency and durations of the erections, and the constant presence of eiotic ideas." I often have cases, of both sexes, where the original cause of the habit was traced to these little tormentors, and which of course, by the proper treatment, would have prevented all that misery and inroad upon the health of the person, -which the result of the habit or loss of semen caused by their irritation, without even having fallen into the practice itself. Their existence in the rectum causes an inflammation, which being con- tiguous to the seminal vesicles, produce the erotic ideas, as mentioned in the preceding case. Parents*should not only be aware of this fact, but the physician should make it his business to inquire particularly if any of these results have supervened; if so, by their being treated at once in a proper manner, all farther difficul- ties are prevented. This one fact in itself should be sufficient to convince every one, of the absurdity of at- tributing these complaints to immoral ideas, and that those afflicted would not have been so, if moral suasion had been taught them at the proper time. There is a fault of the victims themselves equally as great; that is, the desire of keeping their complaint an entire secret. This often is the cause of the most de- plorable cases I meet with, for they allow themselves to suffer, because they dislike to consult a physician for such a complaint, or because they have not arrived at that age which enables them to command the money ne- cessary without their parents becoming acquainted with their difficulty, or sometimes 'even they wiU consult a physician, and make a false statement of their case, hoping he will be shrewd enough to discover the real 176 truth of the case.himself. I often have fathers or mo- thers apply to nre, in behalf of their children, who were so timid that they could not prevail upon them to ap- ply in_ person. The parents of course became aware of their complaints, by noticing the inroads made on their system or by watching their suspicious actions. I have had many an affecting case presented to mo in this manner; but I hope this little publication will meet the eye of those interested in time to prevent many such calamities. I am satisfied, from the advantages of a largo prac- tice, that the tendency to Spermatorrhoea is often he- reditary, for I have had some remarkable proofs of it in .cases of the same family, and having occurred at the same age. These cases have been so numerous in so many different families, that I have not a single doubt on the subject, for they have not been addicted to the habit of masturbation nor produced by any of the other causes heretofore mentioned. Congenital pre-dis- positions occasionally exist, particularly in those of a nervous disposition, and as very few are aware of the fact, I will give some excellent illlustrations, of these kind of cases, from M. Lallemand's note-book, which fully confirm those in my own case-book; which, though quite numerous, the following will, however, be sufficient to answer all purposes :— CASE VII. % " In general, such patients were of a sickly constitu- - tion and more or less marked nervous temperament; they had been delicate from childhood, and subject to various spasmodic disorders. Some of them presented involuntary twitching of the muscles of the face, hesita- tion of the speech, &c. ; their imagination was active, and their moral and physical sensibility very acute. They were very restless, and bore contradiction or mental excitement badly. In childhood they presented local symptoms, which indicated peculiar susceptibility of the urinary organs, every impression of fear or an xi- ety showing'itself in this direction. What would have produced shuddering or palpitation in other children, in them caused a secretion of clear watery urine, which 177 they were obliged to discharge frequently; a sense of constriction of the hypogastrium and a sense of titilation generally accompanied its discharge. This condition of the urinary organs continued more or less severe in all the cases until after puberty, when it became joined with other symptoms. CASE VIII. " One of these patients, (continues Lallemand), one day experienced, at the age of sixteen, a fit of irrita- bility and impatience, which, however, .he succeeded in repressing; and he then felt a sudden and impetuou3 desire of micturation; whilst emptying his bladder he perceived a large quantity of pure semen discharged with the last drops of urine. This occurrence was the' forerunner of nocturnal and diurnal emissions, which, at the age of twenty-seven, had entirely ruined his health. CASE IX. " Another, at the moment of competition for a college prize, was unable to find an expression he wanted; at the same time he felt a want to make water, which he resisted by firmly crossing his legs; but his impatience increased, and he shortly experienced an abundant emission without either erection or pleasure. CASE x. _ "A third patient suffered in the same way, under similar circumstances; he saw the moment approach for sending in his thesis; the more he endeavored to hurry, the less freely his expressions flowed; at length, on hearing the clock strike, he suffered from so great mental disorder that he nearly fainted; at this moment emission took place. CASE XI. "A fourth having mounted on a gutter of a high house to take some sparrows' nests, looked down into the 15 178 -v eourt below, and was suddenly seized with such terror that he fainted; on recovering and escaping from bis dangerous situation, he found that he had had an abun- dant seminal pollution. CASE XII. " The same circumstances occurred to a fifth, who, in descending a ladder, missed his footing, and fell. CASE XIII. "Another patient told me if he looked down from a height, or only fancied himself on the brink of a precipice, he felt a sense of contraction in the genital organs, which passed rapidly to the base of the penis, and ended by causing an emission. CASE XIV. " The motion of a swing produced the same effects in a seventh. "Almost all these excitable persons were exposed to erection, and even pollutions, whenever they rode on horseback. Although all these involuntary discharges were caused by extraordinary circumstances, I should not have paid much attention to them if they had not been followed by nocturnal and diurnal pollutions, which the most trifling circumstance rendered very serious. The disease, however, did not always put on a serious aspect immediately after these singular accidents; very often, indeed, it only injured the patient's health long afterwards; but as its gravity could not be ex- plained by any occasional cause, I feel myself compelled to admit the existence of a congenital increased nervous Susceptibility of the genito-urinary organs. Every- thing indicates, in fact, that the organs of these pa- tients were rather excitable than weak and relaxed; and his condition was congenital, because manifested from the earliest infancy. This excessive sensibility of the genital organs is, however, not always preceded by a similar condition of the urinary apparatus. "In all these cases, tonics and excitants always pre- 179 duce bad effects; proving the genital organs were not Buffering from atony or weakness." The next Case is one of Dr. McDougall's. It very nearly corresponds with the one from my own note- book, which is the first Case presented. CASE xv. " R. H., aged thirty-nine, passed the early part of his life in the country, and was in the habit of taking much and violent exercise. About the age of sixteen, he en- tered a banking establishment in London, in which by treat diligence and steadiness of conduct, he rose before e was twenty-five, to the post of cashier. The affairs of the house fell into disorder, and ultimately a bank- ruptcy occurred. Mr. H., from the amount of confidence reposed in him by the partners of the firm, was much harassed by these unfortunate proceedings. Soon after- wards he became manager of a large mercantile estab- lishment in the city, and about this time-commenced some speculation in foreign bonds. From fluctuations in the share-market, he was a loser to a considerable extent; his mind was much harassed, and he began to suspect those about him of dishonesty towards their em- ployers. On investigation, these suspicions were proved to be totally unfounded. " Mr. H. gave way to great violence of conduct, and resigned his situation. About this time his father died, and Mr. H. was much disappointed at finding that property which he had incorrectly believed entailed, and consequently his, as eldest son, was left by will, to be equally divided between himself and the rest of the family. His conduct at this period was of the strangest description. He dreaded to go out into the streets of the town where his family resided, refused to join in their meals, and ultimately abruptly left their house to return to London. " In 1837, his state had become such, that in conse- quence of his repeated letters, members of hia family visited London, and on their return, took him with them into Devonshire. About this time, his mental disorder Eut on a decided aspeet; and I had then, as well as iter, ample opportunities of observing his conduct, and 180 frequently heard bis complaints. Emissaries were con- stantly on the search for him, to arrest him for unnatu- ral crimes committed in London; every one who met him in the street, read in his countenance the crimes he had committed; tailors made the sleeves of his coats the wrong way of the oloth, in order to brand him with infamy; the sight of a policeman in the street alarmed him beyond measure ; and often, if a stranger happened to be walking some little time in the same direction as himself, he would exclaim, that he was one of the emis- saries sent to seize him. At other times he would lock himself in his room, and weep by the hour. " He never took his meals with the family, and never tasted food or drink without first preserving a portion for chemical analysis, as he was convinced his friends were in a conspiracy to poison him slowly, in order to wipe out the memory of his crimes. These ideas haunted him night and day. His digestion was much disordered, his sleep broken and restless, and his bowels excessively constipated. " His face was flushed, and periodical attacks of cere- bral excitement occurred, during which he complained of vertigo, noise in the head, loss of sight, &c. He complained also of loss of memory, and frequently of bodily weakness and lassitude. The best medical advice the neighborhood afforded was obtained, unavailingly ; the opinions of the gentlemen consulted were that Mr. H. was laboring under aggravated hypochondriasis, complicated with monomania. Various causes were suggested as giving rise to the disorder, but no previous •ease of insanity was recollected in any branch of the family. " Mr. H. now began to talk of leaving England, for America, in order to avoid his persecutors; and to pre- vent this he was placed under the care of a private keeper. While with this person, he frequently and bit- terly complained of constant pollutions, while at stool, with darting pain, and a sense of weight between the rectum and bladder. He had also urethral irritation, at- tended with discharge, pains in the loins and one groin, weakness of his legs, thick urine, piles and cos- tiveness. He kept a diary at this time, w,hich is at present in my hands. Not a day is passed iu this diary, 181 without mention of the distressing seminal discharges from which he suffered. These were treated as of no importance by his medical attendants, although he never ceased to complain of them, and solicited aid, so long as he continued in confinement in England. " When led away from his disorder into any discus- sion on public matters, he was, however, a most amusing and instructive companion; as a man of business he was equally acute, and to a stranger, as long as nothing was done to offerfd him, he was to all appearance, a man of observation and experience in life. " For about two years and a half ho was under the care of various gentlemen, devoted to the insane, and at length he was discharged from an establishment near Bath, by the visiting madistiates, as a person confined without due cause. His first act was to commence legal proceedings against his friends, for his detention, and having gained his action, he immediately proceeded to London, and waylaid and violently assaulted a gentle- man of high commercial' standing in the city. Aftei this offence, he was confined for a considerable period in default of bail, and immediately on his liberation, it is believed that he proceeded to America. " From this time nothing was heard of him until Sep- tember, 1843, when a letter was received by a gentle- man who formerly attended him, in which he stated that the same course of persecution was pursued towards him in America as had been followed in England. He com- plained of not being able to obtain efficient medical treatment, although he had applied to tho most eminent practitioners in Cincinnati, and afterwards at Philadel- phia and New York. 4 " After this, nothing more was heard of Mr. H. until the year 1845, when an American newspaper was for- warded to his friends by an unknown hand, containing an account of his death and of an inquest held on him, headed, ' Death of a Hermit in West Jersey.' It was Btated that he had lived on a small farm, entirely alone, with the exception of a dog, and that he.had shunned all intercourse with his neighbors. He was taken sud- denly ill, applied to a neighboring farmer for assistance, but died in the course of the following day. From in- formation subsequently obtained'by his friends, it is be- 182 lieved that he died of apoplexy, pr perhaps in one of the attacks of congestion of tho- brain, from which he fre- quently suffered before he left his native country." The symptoms of this unfortunate case strongly re- semble those of the thirty-second and fifty-sixth cases related by M. Lallemand, as well as my own. It was more aggravated, however, and presented the somewhat uncommon feature of the patient's discovering the fro- quent pollutions, and constantly complaining of them ; these, unfortunately, were treated as matters of no im- portance. Mr. H's insanity, at first, constantly had reference to his having either committed or been accused of commit- ting, unnatural crimes ; and this idea never entirely left him, although during the latter part of his life, his many-prominent hallucinations had reference to imagi- nary persecutors constantly watching him, and endea- voring to ruin him, by spreading false reports, and to poison him by adulterating his food and infusing nox- ious gases into the air. There can be little'doubt, on taking into consideration his complaints of weights be- tween the rectum and bladder, with darting pains, &c, in the same region, that the pollutions arose from irri- tation in the neighborhood 'of the prostate ; and I think that if at an early period of his disease, this had been relieved, there would have been considerable hope of his recovery, from the hallucinations he manifested. The next case is also one of Dr. McDougall's, and is equally instructive, as it is almost an exact copy of a great many that I have at almost all ,times under' my own charge. CASE xvi. " The other case, to which I have alluded as par- ticularly attracting my attention, and which came under my notice about the same time, was that of a young man of high intellectual power and general tal- ents, studying medicine. This gentleman was one of my most constant companions, when, almost suddenly, a serious change came over him. He shunned society, es- pecially that of females; was morose, tactiturn, and frequqntly shed tears; he sat sometimes for hours in a 183 kind of abstraction, on being aroused from it, could give no explanation of his thoughts and feelings. He con- stantly expressed to me his conviction that he should never succeed in his profession, and frequently exclaimed that he was ruined both here and hereafter, body and Boul, and by his own folly. About twelve months pre- vious to this depression of spirits, he had a severe at- tack of blennorrhagia, with orchitis and phymosis. This left a degree of irritability in the bladder, which required him to pass urine frequently. His digestion became so disordered that the simplest food would not remain on his stomach, and he had frequent eructations of fluid, which blazed like oil if spit into the fire. This gentleman's father was a physician, and being naturally anxious for his son, obtained for him the advice of many of the most eminent of the faculty. No improvement took place, however. "After he had been six months in this state, I had an opportunity of spending three weeks by the sea-side, and my friend accompanied me. We slept in the same room, and he was scarcely ever out of my sight. Before our return, his health was almost re-established, and his spirits had returned to their natural condition. " Twelve months later, however, he again fell into the same state of despondency ; and this time his condi- tion was much worse than on the former occasion. He frequently remained in bed-three parts of the day, and no threats or entreaties on the part of his father, could induce him to get up. His intellectual faculties were totally prostrated, and a vacant stare, which took the place of his natural lively expression, induced consider- able fears of his ultimately becoming idiotic. I was the only person who possessed any influence over him, which may perhaps be attributed to his feeling that I was aware of the cause of his disorder. This state continued between three and four months, during which time I was with him as much as my other duties would permit, and frequently showed him the folly of the course he pursued. At the expiration of this time he gradually recovered. He has since had a slight relapse, once only ; he h'as pursued his professional stud'.es with success, and is at present a medical officer in her Majesty's service. " On this case, 1 need not only remark, that the symp- 184 toms did not arise from involuntary seminal discbarges, but from excessive discharges, caused by abuse. The varied treatment recommended by the distinguished practitioners consulted, proved unsuccessful, because the origin of the disorder was unrecognized, and the reme- dies consequently useless while the habits of abuse were continued?' x CHAPTER -VH. SEVERAL OTHER SYMPTOMS BY WHICH SPERMATORR- HOEA MAY BE DETECTED. In addition to the effects already presented in the fore- going pages, it may be well to note some other symp- toms by which they may be known. A portion are frequently observed in other diseases ; then again there are others which peculiarly belong to this affection only, therefore enabling us to ascertain their existence, when a more positive proof is not to be obtained. M. Lallemand says, that " The most abundant noc- turnal pollutions are far from being always the most hurtful; yet as they easily lose tlnjr character, the habit alone tends to make them more and more fre- quent. By so doing, they of course are more injurious." He afterwards says, " But this state of excitement is too violent to last long—by degrees the organs become fa- tigued. Deprived of their natural functions, and, con- sequently, being unstrengthened by regular exercise, they may at last fall into a state of atony, or the sem- inal vesicles may preserve the habit of contracting, under the influence of slight or indirect excitement. The evacuations now produce effects quite opposite to those experienced in the beginning. There are, on waking, feelings of discontent, idleness, weight in the head, disorder in the ideas, &c ; but this condition passes off in the course of the day, and the patient is quite *well on the following morning, if no further emis- sion takes place. After a time, these effects become 185 more serious and lasting, and two or three days are required to remove them entirely. There is, however, no disease as yet, because the economy is not as yet permanently disordered, but there is a degree of insta- bility in the patient's health, a valetudinary condition, the progress of which it is necessary to arrest." It will be seen by the above extract that M. Lalle- mand agrees with me in the very important particular, that the very first involuntary emission should at once warn the patient that the disagreeable sensations pro- duced by it, is the forerunner of the disease itself, being in a rapid course of full development. The dreams themselves, which accompany the emissions in the com- mencement of these cases, are often erroneously con- sidered as causing them, when, in fact, it. is just the reverse—for it is the excitement primarily existing in the genital organs. The symptoms are very much worse when the discharge occurs without being accom- panied with the pleasurable dreams, and truly bad when they are disagreeable. The diurnal losses are worse than the nightly ones, especially if they occur spontane- ously or from exercise. In very bad cases they occur during the movement of the bowels, especially if they are constipated—or in a very diseased state of the parts, it will be lost in the passing of the urine. Gravel, and other affections of the surrounding organs, will cause sufficient irritation to produce it, and therefore should not be forgotten in, searching for the cause. These are the greatest causes of Impotency. Patients who oome to me, are, almost invariably, en- tirely ignorant of their having lost semen in this way, probably for years, yet when made acquainted with the circumstances, it is generally very easy for them to detect it, whether it is mixed with the urine or lost at the time of defecation. If with the urine there is a sensation of heaviness while passing—sometimes there is a pricking or tingling sensation—the urine looks thicker than usual, and, on close examination, little globules can bo seen. The sensation is very similar when the escape occurs at the times of the passing of the fceces, and sometimes a sticky substance can be discovered adhering to the glans. Very often it happens that it flows away, after the movement of the bowels, and the 186 person suddenly discovers it when dressing; a shock then occurs, which is principally felt in the peroneum and at the neck of the bladder. In bad cases it is very difficult to discover the semen in the urine, therefore it should be borne in mind that it never escapes at the first flow, but invariably with the last few drops, or after, as I have before stated, the bladder has been emptied. When there is an ulcerated prostate which discharges itself through the urethra, it would then require an ex- perienced physician to distinguish between the two, as that always comes away last, while in cases of Gleet, or a discharge from an inflammation of the urethra itself, the discharge is driven out, ahead of the urine, and un- accompanied with the sensations previously mentioned. Sometimes patients will have a snaking chill, pain in the nipple, and very often in the back of the neck or in the forehead, shooting pains in different parts of the body, and a heat around the anus. If tho disease is not checked, the semen loses its natural appearance entirely, becoming so thin that its character is totally changed. CHAPTER VIII. IMPOTENCY, STERILITY AND INFECUNDITY. Persons may become impotent from various causes : a long continued gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture or syphilis will produce it as well as sterility, and if the system is so tainted or poisoned with syphilis as to cause the tes- ticles to enlarge and become indurated for any length oi time, there is danger of their functions being entirely destroyed. 1 have had a great many cases of this kind, when the testicles were as heavy and almost as hard as a stone, yet, I am happy to say, I succeeded in every case in bringing them again to their natural state. The emissions destroy the powers of the genital organs, from general weakness, or totally changing and destroying the fecundating properties of the semen. It is a fact, that the semen, when healthy, contains animalcules, 187 and for them to become fully developed, requires the semen to remain a certain time in the vas deferens and vesicles, after it leaves the testicles, or the zoospermes do not become perfect. The exact time necessary for the semen to remain in the body, after being formed in the testes, is not known, because it varies in different individuals, and even under different circumstances in the same person. If the organs are healthy at first, they can perfect the semen more rapidly, and lose it often, yet it will remain healthy; but if the excessive loss is continued too long, the parts become weakened, and of course the semen is discharged imperfect. That is the reason why excess, whether from licentiousness or involuntary emissions, is so injuri- ous ; for instead of the healthy animalcules which it should contain, there is nothing but the small unde- veloped granules, which can, in bad cases, be seen in the urine, like little shining points, or the bran-like grains observable at an earlier period. There are cases so very bad, that the semen is changed to a substance only a little thicker than water ; when this happens, it is incapable of stimulating an erection, much less im- * pregnation. This is the reason people become impotent, and finally sterile ; therefore, as we know the cause, then the vital necessity of the invalids' placing themselves under the care of the proper physician, and I am satisfied this book will be a guide to thousands who have been groping in the dark for years, till hope has almost for- saken them. I will here inform the reader, that every moment is precious, and no person should be indifferent to the slightest symptoms, and if you are young, so that you are not possessed of pecuniary means, you should at once disclose your situation to your parents, and you will not fail of finding the sympathy you desire. In a former page I mentioned a vitiated state of the semen that would not stimulate an erection, and that the person would finally become sterile. There are cases of persons, almost fully possessing that power, and yet are sterile; the reason is, -that the habits of the body are still vigorous enough to continue the secretion of the semen, but it lacks the health necessary for the perfect formatiorrof the real life—the animalcules. And I at- . 188 tribute many supposed cases of the barrenness in females to this defect in their husbands. As M. Lallemand was the first author who alluded to this important subjeot, his remarks should be read, at least by those wh.o_ are interested, that they may fully understand the subject. "Impotence (says M. Lallemand,^ is an absolute cause of infecundity,because it prevents tho conditions ne- cessary to fecundation from taking place ; but although the act of coitus may be accomplished, it docs not follow that the person should always bo able to perpetuate his species. Stricture of the urethra may prove an obstacle to the discharge of seminal fluid; or tho fluid may be directed towards the bladder or the parietes of the urethra, by deviation of the orifices of the ejaculatory ducts. The secretion may be altered in its nature ; it may only contain imperfect spermatozoa, &c. A man may, therefore, be unfruitful without being impotent On the other hand, I have met with many pationts, suffering with diurnal pollutions, who had children ex- actly resembling them, even during the duration of their disease. Indeed, I have seen several cases in which the disposition to involuntary discharges were hereditary, and they affected both father and son. " The disease is, however, essentially irregular in its progress. It may continue long, without doing serious injury to tho health; long remissions may be experi- enced or even a perfect cessation of the complaint, for a longer or shorter time. We may easily conceive, there- fore, that in the first degree, or during onevof the periods of remission, fecundation may take place. When the disease is further advanced, howover, many causes occur to render coitus unfruitful. Ejaculation is weak and pre- cipitate, so that the seminal fluid cannot be thrown into the cavity of the uterus ; it is not sufficient in order to fe- cundate, simply to spread the fluid over the vagina; it must be projected with sufficient forco to pass through the orifice of the uterine neck. Besides, in theso cases the erections, even when they permit sexual intercourse, areincomplete and of very short duration—emission takes place without energy and very soon. This last symp- tom is almost invariably present in almost all of these cases; and where the parts are weakened, the semen will come away, without scarcely any erection of the 189 penis. But even in the most acute affections, when the erection is sufficiently lasting to enter the vagina at all, it is only for a moment, before the semen is ejected. Both married and single persons apply to me to free them from this awful situation. The position and feel- ings of both the male and female at this juncture, can be more easily imagined than described, as this tan- talizing of the female often produces the utmost dis- tress, it is, therefore, easily to be seen that during such partial acts, the uterus and fallopian tubes have not suf- ficient time to experience the excitement necessary to carry the semen to its destination, even when it passes the neck of the uterus. The semen itself also under- goes great changes, to which perhaps the loss of the fe- cundating power is chiefly attributable. Microscopic researches have elucidated this formerly obscure sub- ject. I have discovered, for instance, that the sperma- torrhoea undergo changes similar to those of the fluid which serves as their vehicle; these changes are exceed- ingly important, and are owing to defective formation. Spermatorrhoea may be met with in a less thick and less opaque fluid than natural, for they are not produced by the same parts or in the same manner ; but when tho secretion is perfectly thin and watery, the functions are so seriously affected that the animalcules are altered; they are less developed, less opaque, and less active than natural; indeed, they are so transparent that peculiar precautions are necessary in order to make sure of see- ing them. Their motions are weak, slow, and cease very soon, and they rapidly undergo decomposition. All these characteristics show how much their texture is re- laxed, and how imperfectly they are organized. " It is evident, the least arrest of development in the spermatorrhoea, must prove an insurmountable obstacle to fecundation, even if the only function of the animal- cules be to carry the liquor seminis to the ovum. When, however, their imperfect development only arises from a too rapid formation, it may soon be obviated. It suf- fices that the involuntary discharges should cease, for a few days only, in consequence of some accidental cause or of one of the spontaneous changes of this ex- traordinary disease, in order for the desires to become more lively, the erections more energetic and prolonged, 190 and for tho functions to be accomplished in a natural manner; fecundation is, therofore, possible, as I have previously stated, during the wholo duration of one of these intermissions. This is nOt the case when tho sper- matozoa are malformed, rudimentary, more or less deprived of tail, &c, for these changes only take place when there is a serious alteration in the structure of the testicles. " I have taken every opportunity of dissecting the testi- cles altered in these cases, and I have always found the se- creting structures paler, drier and denser than natural, and the cellular tissue more resisting, and with difficulty allowing the secreting ducts to bo separated one from another. Sometimes one-half or two-thirds of the tes- ticle were transformed into a fibrous or fibro-cartilagin- ous tissue, mixed, in a few cases, with tuberculous matter. It is the same also in the epididymis, when I have even seen traces of ossific deposit in the midst of cartilaginous indurations. These changes, caused by previous inflam- mation, perfectly explain why tho development of the spermatozoa can no longer proceed nominally. Although in such cases the secretion of semen may be more or less diminished, pollutions may still be present if the seminal vescicles have shared the inflammation by which the testicles have been affected, as happens in most cases of orchitis arising from blennorrhagia." CASE XVII. • " I have, at present, a patient who presents a re- markable example of both these effects arising from this cause ; he is now forty-one years of age, and had blen- norrhagia, followed by inflammation of both testicles, at twenty-five. Soon after his recovery he married, but has never had children, although the act has been per- formed regularly if not frequently. He became subject to nocturnal and sometimes to diurnal pollutions, which increased by degrees. His health became disordered, but coitus was still possible. The semen passed, al- though it presented its characteristic odor, out never showed, under the microscope, other than very small and brilliant globules, without any appearance of tail, but easily distinguishable from globules of mucus, tho 191 dimensions of which are five or six times larger. The epididymis of both sides is voluminous and irregular. One testicle is adherent to the skin of the scrotum and the other appears smaller than natural. Malformation of the spermatozoa, therefore, arises from deep-seated changes in the tissues of the testicles, changes which do not permit the animalcules to assume their normal form, and, therefore, render infecundity permanent. To sum up, then—'Involuntary seminal discharges may op- pose fecundation previously to actually producing im- potence, by diminishing the energy of all the phe- nomena that occur to the accomplishment of the act, and by preventing the complete development of the sperma- tazoa as well as the elaboration of the fluid which acts as the vehicle for them. These conditions may be rapidly altered by the simple diminution of the involun- tary discharges, and fecundation may again become possible. This cannot be the case, when infecundity depends on malformation of the spermatozoa, such mal- formation arising from permanent alteration in the organs that supply them." CHAPTER IX. MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATIONS. The immense benefits arising from the use of the microscope is of the greatest interest to every one, but more especially is it important to the surgeon. The discoveries by it, more particularly as regards the pro* creative functions, are of a recent date. M. Lallemand so fully explains the proper mode of pursuing such ex- aminations, that I will below insert his remarks. The process is perfectly simple to those who understand the correct rules, though often requiring a good deal of dis- agreeable trouble. " Microscopic Examinations of the Semen.—Since the discovery of the spermatozoa, their presence in the seminal fluid has attracted the attention of all who have 192 sought means of distinguishing it from other fluids Microscopic examinations of the spermatozoa, however, not only requires an excellent instrument, but certain precautions, which may be dispensed with in the investi- gation of coarser objects. " As the spermatic animalcules can be only seen by means of transmitted light, it is necessary that the glass on which the fluid to be examined is placed, should bo of uniform thickness, and without bubbles or striae. The fluid to be examined should be covered by another layei of extremely thin glass made for the purpose, and not by portions of mica, which are seldom free from cracks, and never perfectly transparent. This thin layer of glass is indispensable, in order as much as possible to diminish the thickness of the fluid, to render it perfectly uniform, to hinder evaporation and prevent the object-glass from be>ng soiled by it. A single drop of fluid suffices for a complete observation—a larger quantity always proving inconvenient. " The little glass that covers the liquid must be firmly pressed down, so as to spread it out, arrest the currents that take place in it, and drive out the air-bubbles. Al- though the glasses should seem to touch each other, the spermatozoa move with perfect freedom in the space be- tween them, so long as they preserve their energy, and evaporation has not proceeded too far ; should such be the case, however, a drop of tepid water favors and much prolongs their motions. However thin the layer of fluid may be, it is impossible to comprehend its whole thick- ness at once with a very high power ; it is, therefore, necessary to alter the foeces frequently, in order to bo sure that nothing escapes observation. And this is es- pecially important in examining a drop of fluid obtained from diurnal pollutions, because there are frequently only two or three spermatozoa contained in it. It is also necessary to change the position of the reflector fre- quently, in order to vary the direction and intensity of the light. " The spermatozoa are often exceedingly transparent in cases of disease, and a very bright perpendicular light is by no means the best for showing them. Varying' the density of the fluid under examination, either by adding water or by permitting evaporation, is also often 193 useful. The semen contains matters furnished by the seminal vesicles—the prostate and the urethra—and .vliou the fluid is too thick these matters hide the ;. i- malcules. A drop of water applied to the edge of ths covering-glass penetrates underneath it and the sperma- tozoa are more isolated, at the same time that their con- tour is rendered more defined by the diminution in den- sity of the fluid. On the other hand, the refractive power of the spermatozoa, differs little from that of the fluid in which they are contained, and their thinnest portions are traversed by the light without affording any distinct images to the eye. In this case there are only seen very small ovoid brilliant globules, terminated by a little point. As soon as the water begins to pene- trate between the glasses, the rapid motion set up, pre- vents the objects from being clearly distinguished; but as soon as rest has been re-established the tails of the ani- malcules appear, and their dimensions seem to have in- creased in consequence of the diminished density of the surrounding fluid ; water suffices to produce this result. It is more sensible, however, when a small quantity of al- cohol is added; but the forms of the animalcules are, after a time, altered by this agent; and it is, therefore, advisable to use water only when it is intended to keep the preparation. " Evaporation sometimes produces not less remarkable changes in the seminal fluid. I have frequently, in cases of spermatorrhoea, failed to perceive anything in the fluid under examination for half an hour, an hour, or more ; then suddenly an animalcule has made its ap- pearance ; then a dozen, and then perhaps a hundred, in the space of a few minutes. The following morning, when desiccation has become complete, there are no longer any traces of these animalcules, or, at all events, I have been only able to distinguish their tails, the other parts of them being fixed in the dried-up mucus. The absorption of a drop of water has restored the pheno- mena observed the night before. These phenomena are easily explained; when the refractive power of the spermatozoa is the same as that of the circumambient liquid, the light traverses the whole in the same manner, and the mass appears homogeneous. But evaporation acts more rapidly on the liquid than on the organized 194 bodies contained in it; and when the difference of density alters the refractive power, the forms of the spermatozoa are momentarily defined because they have become more transparent than the remainder of tho fluid. When desiccation is complete, however, the animalcules again disappear, because the refractive powers of mucus and dried animalcules are again equal. The absorption of a small quantity of water re- produces the same phenomena, which may be repeated almost indefinitely, since the matter confined between the two layers of glass undergoes no other appreciable alteration. " In order to be enabled to discover spermatozoa quickly, in cases of disease, it is necessary that they should be well studied in healthy cases. This may be accomplished in the following manner:—After coitus there always remains a sufficient quantity of seminal fluid in the urethra to serve for precise and complete microscopical examination. This may be obtained by pressing the canal shortly after the act, and receiving the drop of fluid from the orifice of the glans on a plate of glass. In this drop of fluid thousands of animalcules may be seen agitating themselves like so many tadpoles in a pool of stagnant water, only that the tails of the spermatozoa are relatively longer and thinner, and that the head presents a brilliant point near its insertion. Generally the number of these animalcules prevents them from being easily examined; and it becomes ne- cessary to spread them out by introducing a small quantity of water, and pressing firmly down the thin glass that covers them; they are found most separated on the edges of the fluid. If the water added be of the temperature of the body, their motions become free and lively, and continue so until cooling, and evaporation effect them. By avoiding these two causes of disturb- ance the motions of the spermatozoa may bo kept up during several hour3. " However long a time may have elapsed after coitus, there are always spermatozoa in the urethra, provided they have not been washed away by the passage of urine. Although the point of the glans may be quite dry, and pressure along the whole length of the canal may not produce the least painfulness, still, on passing 195 urine, living animalcules may be obtained from the first drop which escapes. This may be received on the glass, and is perhaps the easiest and most natural mode of ob- taining spermatozoa for microscopic examination. It is evident that the same experiments may be applied in the case of nocturnal pollutions as well as in all other seminal discharges, in whatever manner they may occur. But many errors may arise from commencing with cases of disease, for it is during perfect health that the spermatozoa are most active and their development most complete, and they live longer after coitus than after any other kind of seminal discharge. " Having thus described the means by which my mi- croscopic observations may be verified, I proceed to show their results. " Spermatozoa.—Out of thirty-three bodies which I have examined for spermatozoa, I only twice found these animalcules in the testicles. In one of these cases the patient died from the effects of a fall on the day fol- lowing it; in the other acute gastro-enteritis was the cause of death. The seminal fluid was most abundant, and contained the greatest number of animalcules in the former case. The other patients died of chronic diseases after protracted sufferings. One only among them died on the second day of acute peretonitis, but he was sev- enty-three years of age. In thirty-one of these patients the testicles were soft, pale, and as though withered. On dissection they presented a grayish aspect, and did not furnish any liquid; the structure was almost dry, and contained a few blood-vessels; the secreting canals were easily separated from one another, and could be spread out under the microscope without breaking. They pre sented very brilliant granules, all of exactly the same appearance, about the size of the head of a spermatozoa, ten times smaller than the corpuscles of blood or mucus, and differing from the latter by the constancy and reg- ularity of their form. These brilliant bodies which oc- cupied the place of the spermatozoa, are worthy of no- tice, because they offer considerable analogy to the ap- pearances presented by the semen under certain circum- Btances. "In order to observe what is present in the secreting canals of the testicles, it is necessary to spread out a 196 portion of one of them under the microscope, after hav- ing examined it dry, to allow a drop of water to penetrate betw.-en the two glares, and to folio v. the eh. ges which take place, then to press down the glass so as to flatten the parieties of the canal, rupture it, and press out a portion of its contents; lastly, these must be ex- amined again when desiccation is complete, for the sper- matozoa found in the canals are then best seen. " In the epididymis I have never found spermatozoa, except in the two cases in which they were also found in the testicles. In all the others I met with these animal- cules only in the vas deferens, or seminal vesicles. There were no animalcules at all to be found in the patient that died at the age of seventy-three. It has always seemed to me that the animalcules were less numerous in pro- portion as the patients had suffered long; and in ex- treme cases I have generally found them only in the seminal vesicles. The fewer the spermatozoa, the more difficult were they of detection on account of their ex- treme transparency. In some cases I have only suddenly discovered them after examining for an hour or two, the liquid having previously appeared quite homogeneous. The dimensions were the same as those of the best de- veloped animalcules, but they were pale throughout their whole extent, and more transparent than the sur- rounding fluid. Complete desiccation caused them often to disappear altogether; but the same phenomena could be reproduced by the absorption of a small quantity of water. " In cases of phthisis, caries of the vertebrae, white swelling, &c, I have had great difficulty in distinguish- ing the animalcules, probably because those diseases do not cause death for a long time. " I have almost always found in the seminal vesicles, especially at the bottom of any depression, a thick, grumous, brilliant matter, varying in its aspect and color, but considerably resembling thick paste, and more or less transparent; with a high power the gran- ules of this matter appear large, irregular, more or less opaque, and without any constant shape. They are evidently the products of the internal membrane of the vesicles, for they are found with similar characters in the accessory vesicles of the hedge-hog, rat, &c, 197 which never contain seminal animalcules, and do not communicate directly with the vasa deferentia, which, again, never contain any similar substance. This matter is, therefore, analogous to that secreted by the pros- tatic follicles, cowper's glands, &c. Its functions are the same, and for many reasons it merits special attention. " The secretion of semen diminishes in all serious diseases, and seminal evacuations become very rare, especially towards the last. It is not, therefore, as- tonishing that the products of the mucus membrane predominate in such patients over those of the testicles, and that such mucus should become more consistent during its long residence in the depressions of the vesi- cles. Hence, the difference observable between the semen obtained from the vesicles after death, and that which is passed by a healthy person. Nevertheless, after long-continued continence, more or less large granules are often seen in the semen of a healthy per- son, and these are perfectly distinct from the fluid part. Whenlhe emissions are most frequent, granules of the same land may be observed, but much smaller. These facts are important when applied to explain several symptoms of diurnal pollutions. "I have already stated, that, on causing the patients to make water in a bath, the semen passed may be easily recognized by means of its globules, which whirl about in the middle of the cloud formed towards the close of micturation. From what we have just seen, it is evi- dent that these globules come from the internal mem- brane of the seminal vesicles. They may be wanting in very severe cases when the semen has no time to acquire consistence; but their presence leaves no doubt as to the existence of diurnal pollutions, because they can only be furnished by the seminal vesicles. On the other hand, I have invariably found spermatozoa in the urine ofpatients who observed this phenomenon in the bath. The same remarks hold good when applied to the globules which the urine deposits in certain cases of diurnal pollutions, and which have been compared by some to grains of bran, by others to millet seed, pearl barley, &c, according to their sfize. These globules are perceived as soon as the urine is passed; they are round- ish, very soft, and do not give any sensation when 198 squeezed between the finger and thumb; they cannot, therefore, be confounded with urinary salts, which are deposited only when the urine has cooled, have a crys- tellian form, and give the sensation of a hard body to the finger. The vesicle mucus also is only deposited on cooling, and does not furnish brilliant granules. " As to pus, its appearence is easily determined. 1 have found animalcules wherever these globules appeared in the urine; and hence it is that I have pointed them out as certain signs of diurnal pollutions. " I have also noticed that in some cases the urine, when held against the light presents in the middle of a flocculent cloud multitudes of quito characteristic bril- liant points. These aro smaller, and consequently lighter globules than those which in other patients fall to the bottom of the vessel. They are neither observed in the mucus of the bladder nor in the prostatic fluid, which alone present clouds analagous to thoso of diurnal pollutions. Such brilliant points also arise from the seminal vesicles, and their presence is, therefore, an in- dication that the urine contains semen. This t have often verified with the microscope. I should, however, warn those who wish to repeat my experiments, that it is not in the midst of the flocculent cloud that the zoos- permes are to be sought, but at the bottom of the vessel to which they soon fall, on account of their greater specific gravity. " The results of all my observations on the dead sub- jects, therefore, convince me of the influence of serious and long-continued diseases on the functions of the spermatic organs. But it is not only in the morbid state that these experience great variations ; remark- able differences may exist between healthy indivi J^i.i 1 ■, not only in the quantity of semen secreted in a giveu time, but also in the number, appearance and dimen- sions of the spermatozoa. In this respect, I have ob- served differences amounting to a third, and in som cases to a half. The comparison is very easily esta- blished. When the semen is kept under a thin glass, as I have described, it is not in danger of undergoing any changes, and may be always, by the addition of a drop of water, compared with a recent specimen. " Notwithstanding the facility with which nocturnal 199 pollutions may be recognized, I hav* submitted ths semen collected after them, by individuals in various conditions of health, to microscopic examination. At first, when the evacuations are still rare and the semen preserves its ordinary characteristics, the animalcules do not present any remarkable circumstances in regard to their number, dimensions, &c.; but when the disease has reached a sufficient degree of gravity to affect the rest of the system, the semen becomes more liquid, and the spermatic animalcules less developed and less lively. This number, however, does not as yet sensibly diminish ; indeed, in some cases, it seems increased. As the dis- order advances, the erections diminish, the semen be- comes more watery, and the animalcules are often a fourth or a third less than natural, and the tail is often distinguished with difficulty, under a power of three hundred diameters. At a still later period the animal- cules become fewer, and in two individuals, in the last stages of the affection, the semen no longer contained animalcules, altfiough it retained its characteristic smell. Examined with high powers, and very proper precau- tion, I only found, in this semen, brilliant globules, all exactly alike, and about the same size as the head of a spermatozoa. " The microscopic examination which I have made of semen passed during efforts at stool give analogous results. When such discharges only take place acci- dentally and at long intervals, the semen is thick, whit- ish, impregnated with a powerful smell, and abundantly furnished with well developed animalcules. I have some- times even found a few alive after an hour or two. But when these discharges become so frequent or habitual as to constitute disease, they become less abundant and the semen loses its normal properties. The spermato- zoa are generally smaller than in the healthy condi- tion, and always less lively. I have some preparations in which they are only one-half the ordinary size, and I have never been able to find a single living animalcule a few minutes after the fluid had been expelled. When the disease has become much aggravated the spermatozoa become rare, and they are sometimes replaced by ovoid or spherical globules similar to those of which I have already -poken. In these patients in an extreme state 200 of disease, I found nothing else, although they passed as much as a desert spociv'ul of semen at each stool. Such cases, however, are exceedingly rare. " In diurnal pollutions happening during the passage of urine the following means may be employed to show the presence of spermatazoa :—The urine should first be filtered in a conical filter, when, on account of their weight, the greater number of the spermatozoa will remain on the lowest part of the paper. By taking this portion and turning it upside down in a watch-glays containing a few drops of water, the animalcules become detached from the paper by degrees, and fall to tae bottom of the fluid in the glass. After twenty-four hours maceration in this position, the paper may be taken away, and the spermatozoa may be readily ob- tained by using a drop from the bottom of the fluid in the watch-glass for examination. This mode of pro- ceeding is a sure one, but it requires considerable time and trouble for its performance. t " I have already stated that the urine does not always contain spermatozoa in cases of diurnal pollutions; therefore, the urine of the same individual would per- haps, require examination on many occasions, before the certainty of their presence could be established, and few medical men in active practice have time to devote to such experiments. I, for one, should have long since given up treating these patients, had I been obliged to repeat in every case such long and tiresome examina- tions. Ten days or a fortnight are sometimes passed without the appearance of spermatozoa in the urine, and hence all who are accustomed to microscopic researches, will admit the indefinite amount of trouble and time re- quired. Fortunately, however, there is a more simple method by which such examinations may be conducted. " It will be recollected that the semen always escapes with the last drops of urine, or immediately, or soon af- terwards. By directing the patients, therefore, to com- press the urethra immediately after micturating, and to receive tho drop of fluid pressed out on a piece of glass, sufficient animalcules will be obtained from the walls ot the urethra for microscopic observation. These being covered with a thin camella of glass may be either at once placed under the microscope, or may be allowed to 201 dry, and be examined at a future time—a drop of water being previously added. This mode of examination is, therefore, easy for all practitioners who possess a good microscope, after they have accustomed themselves to the inspection of the spermatozoa in their natural state. " The changes which I have mentioned as occurring in the semen must be borne in mind, however, and the animalcules must not be expected to appear either so large, so well defined, or so numerous, as in cases where there is no disease." CHAPTER X. THE QUANTITY OF SEMEN LOST ; HOW IT AFFECTS THE SYSTEM, AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE MIND. "A too great loss of semen weakens all the solid parts; hence arise weakness, idleness, phthisis, tabes dorsalis, stupidity, affections of the senses, faintings and convulsions. Hoffman had already remarked that " tho^e young people who practice the infamous habit of masturbation, lose gradually all the faculties of the mind, particularly the memory, and become entirely unfit for study." Lewis describes all these symptoms. We shall translate from his work only what relates to the mind:—"All the symptoms which arise from ex- cesses with females, follow still more promptly, and in youth the abominable practice of masturbation; and it is difficult to paint them in as frightful colors as they deserve. Young persons addict themselves to this habit without knowing the enormity of the crime, and all the consequences which physically result from it. The mind is affected by all the diseases of the body, but particularly by those arising from this cause. The most dismal, melancholy, indifference and aversion to all pleasures, the impossibility to take part in conversa- tion, the sense of their own misery, the consciousness of having brought it upon themselves, the necessity of re- nouncing the happiness of marriage, all affect them so 202 much that they renounce the world—blessed if they es- cape suicide." , The symptoms mentioned in the foregoing are almost b. perfect type seen in the cases of masturbation ; but there are others more deplorable, which have but re- cently been discovered as arising directly from it; I mean insanity, idiocy, and a total prostration of all physical and mental power, and which affects not only the person so addicted, but the innocent offspring, and which invariably leads to the extinction of the family name. It is but quite recent that these terrible evils have been found to be under our control. It has heretofore been considered a mysterious dispensation of Divine Providence, to be met and endured with patience and resignation. Very few eminent writers have already, though but recently, acknowledged the influence of self- abuse in producing idiocy, insanity and constitutional degeneracy, and urge the necessity of searching for the cause, in treating these evils. So convincing has this become, that it has even been recognized recently in a legislative document, which tells more wholesome truth —accompanied with more sound reasoning, I was about to say—than all the medical treatises heretofore pub- lished on the subject put together. I particularly refer to the Report on the subject of Idiocy, presented to the Massachusetts Legislature by Dr. Howe, in February, 1848, complying with a resolution of that intelligent body, directing a report on that subject. I hope the introduction of that valuable document will be the means of eliciting the like truths, by all the other Legis- latures, without any farther delay, for the influence of such documents, from such sources, would accomplish more good, by preventing the unsuspecting from falling into so deplorable a vice, than all the asylums and medical treatment could ever think of doing by way of cure. I feel convinced that the time will speedily arrive when this and similar reports will be eagerly sought for, and their inestimable value universally admitted. My uotations fronl the report will not only corroborate all have said in these pages, but serve the additional purpose of more fully enlightening the public. Dr. H's able, forcible, sensible and convincing re 203 marks, on boldly approaching this subject, should for- ever silence and put to shame all affected modesty in speaking upon this subject hereafter, for too many per- sons, aware of its existence heretofore, have foolishly been prejudiced by false modesty from doing so :— " There is another vice, a monster so hideous in mien, so disgusting in feature, altogether so beastly and loathsome, that, in very shame and cowardice, it hides its head by day, and, vampyre like, sucks the very life- blood from its victims by night; and it may, perhaps, commit more direct ravages upon the strength and reason of those victims than even intemperance; and that vice is Self-Abuse. " One would fain be spared the sickening task of dealing with this disgusting subject; but, as he who would exterminate the wild beasts that ravage his fields, must not fear to enter their dark and noisome dens, and drag them out of their lair; so he who would rid humanity of a pest, must not shrink from dragging it from its hiding-places, to perish in the light of day. If men deified him who delivered Lerna from its hydra, and canonized him who rid Ireland of its serpents, what should they do for one who would extirpate this monster vice '2 What is the ravage of fields, the slaughter of flocks, or even the poison of serpents, compared with that pollution of body and soul, that utter extinction of reason, and that degradation of beings made in God's image, to a condition which it would be an insult to the animals to call beastly, and which is so often the conse- quence of excessive indulgence in this vice 1 " It cannot be that such loathsome wrecks of hu- manity as men and women, reduced to driveling idiocy by this cause, should be permitted to float upon the tide of life without some useful purpose; and the only one we can conceive, is that of awful beacons to make others avoid—as they would eschew moral pollution and death —the cause which leads to such ruin. This may seem to be extravagant language, but there can be no exag- geration—for there can be no adequate description even —of the horrible ewidition to whicn men and women aro 204 reduced by this practice. There are among those enu- merated in this report, some who not long ago were considered young gentlemen and ladies, but who aro now moping idiots, idiots of the lowest kind; lost to all reason—to all moral sense—to all shame; idiots who have but one thought, one wish, one passion—and that is, the further indulgence in the habit which has loosed the silver cord even in their early youth, which has al- ready wasted, and, as it were, dissolved the fibrous part of their bodies, and utterly extinguished their minds. " In such extreme cases, there is nothing left to ap- peal to, absolutely less than there is in dogs or horses— tor they may be acted upon by fear of punishment; but these poor creatures are beyond all fear and all hope, and they cumber the earth awhile—living masses of corruption. If only such lost and helpless wretches ex- isted, it would be a duty to cover them charitably with the veil of concealment, and hide them from the public eye, as things too hideous to be seen; but, alas f thoy are only the most unfortunate members of a largo class. They have sunk down into the abyss towards which thousands are tending. " The one which has shorn these poor creatures of the fairest attributes of humanity is acting upon others, in a less degree indeed, but still most injuriously—en- ervating the body, weakening the mind, and polluting the soul. A knowledge of the extent to which this one prevails, would astonish and shock many. It is indeed a pestilence which walketh in darkness, because, while it saps and weakens all the higher qualities of the mind, it so strengthens low cunning and deceit, that the vic- tim goes on in his habit unsuspected, until he is arrest- ed by some one whose practiced eye reads his sin in the very means which he takes to conceal it—or until all sense of shame is forever lost in the night of idiocy, with which his day so early closes. "Many a child who confides everything else to a lov- ing parent, conceals this practice in its innermost heart. The sons or daughters who dutifully, conscientiously, and religiously confess themselves to father, mother, or priest, on every other subject, never allude to this. Nay, they strive to cheat and deceive by false appearances; for, as against this darling sin—duty, conscience, and 205 religion, are all nothing. They even think to cheat God, or cheat themselves into the belief that He who is of purer eyes than to behold iniquity, can still regard their sin witn favor. "Many a fond parent looks with wondering anxiety upon the puny frame, the feeble purpose, the fitful hu- mors of a dear child, and, after trying all other remedies to restore him to vigor of body and vigor of mind, goes journeying about from place to place, hoping to lea>e the offending cause behind, while the victim hugs the disgusting serpent closely to his bosom, and conceals it Ctrefully in his vestment. " The evils which this sinful habit works in a direct and positive manner are not so appreciable, perhaps, as that which it effects in an indirect and negative way. For one victim which it leads down to the depths of idiocy, there are scores and hundreds whom it makes shame-faced, languid, irresolute, and inefficient, for any high purpose of life. In this way the evil to individuals and to the community is very great. " It behooves every parent, especially those whose children (of either sex,) are obliged to board and sleep with other children, whether in boarding-schools, board- ing-houses, or elsewhere, to have a constant and watch- ful eye over them, with a view to this pernicious and insidious habit. The symptoms of it are easily learned, and if once seen, should be immediately noticed. " Nothing is more false than the common doctrine of delicacy and reserve in the treatment of this habit. All hints, all indirect advice, all attempts to cure it by cre- ating diversions, will generally do nothing but increase the cunning with which it is concealed. The way is to throw aside all reserve; to charge the offence directly home ; to show up its disgusting nature and hideous consequences in glowing colors; to apply the cautery seething hot, and press it into the very quick, unspar- ingly and unceasingly. " Much good has been done, of late years, by the pub- lication of cheap books upon this subject. They should be put into the bands of all youth suspected of the vice. They should be forced to attend to the subject. There should be no squeamishness about it. There need be no fear of weakening virtue by letting it look upon such 206 hideous deformity as this vice presents. Virtue is not salt or sugar, to be softened by such exposure, but the crystal or diamond that repels all foulness from its sur- face. Acquaintance with such a vice as this—such ac- quaintance, that is, as is gained by having it held up before the eyes in all its ugliness, oan only servo to mako it detested and avoided. " Were this the place to show the utter fallacy of the notion that harm is done by talking or writing to the young about this vice, it could perhaps be done by argu- ment, certainly by the relation of pretty extensive expe- rience. This experience has shown, that in ninety-nine cases in a hundred, the existence of the vice was known to the young, but not known in its true deforiuity ; and that in the hundredth, the repulsive character in which it was first presented, made it certain that no further acquaintance with it would be sought." My experience tells me, that the language of Dr. Howe is not too severe, for to speak directly to the point is what is necessary, and, as he says, " not be evasive." He never did more real service to humanity than when he presented this Report, for there cannot be more momentous truths. Ignorance is made terribly apparent, both as regards the patient and society at large, in another part of this truly valuable document. Every one will be in danger, until knowledge takes the place of such ignorance :— " In some' families that are degraded by drunkenness and vice, there is a degree of combined ignoranco and depravity which disgraces humanity. It is not wondor- ful that feeble-minded children are born in such families ; or, being born, that many of them become idiotic. Out of this class, domestics are sometimes taken by those in better circumstances, and they make their employers feel the consequences of suffering ignorance and vice to exist in the community. " There are cases recorded in the appendix, where servant-women, who had charge of little girls, deliber- ately taught them the habits of self-abuse, in order that they might exhaust themselves, and go to sleep quietly. This has happened in private houses as well as in the almshouses ; and such little girls have become idiotic. The mind instinctively recoils from giving credit to such 207 atrocious guilt; nevertheless, it is there, with all its hideous consequences; and no hiding of our eyes, no wearing of rose-colored spectacles—nothing but looking at it in its naked deformity, will ever enable men to cure it. " There is no cordon sanitaire for vice ; we cannot put it into quarantine nor shut it up in a hospital; if we allow its existence in our neighborhood, it poisons the very air which our children breathe. " The above remarks forcibly apply to all our public schools, for I have become too well acquainted, 1 was about to say, with the alarming extent with which it prevails, often even in the most open manner. The ex- tent of it is amazing^ for it exists both among the teach- ers and the students, and what can be more absurd than the partial, even shunning of the subject 1 By so doing, it leads not only to the continuance in some, but tho production of it in the yet uninitiated. " In some, as I have previously stated, persons com- mence the habit accidentally, but their numbers are very limited, compared to those who are taught it; there- fore the immense importance of preventing contamina- tion by those already addicted. " There is one remarkable and valuable fact to be learned respecting this vice, from observation of idiots, and that is, that some of them, though they have no idea of right and wrong, no sense of shame, and no moral restraint, are nevertheless entirely free from it. They could never have been in the practice of it, else they would never have abandoned it. " From this may be inferred, that it is a pest, gene- rally engendered by too intimate association of persons of the same sex, that it is handed from one to another like contagion, and that those who are not exposed to the contagion are not likely to contract the dreadful habit of it. Hence we see that not only propriety and decency, but motives of prudence, require us to train up all children to habits of modesty and reserve. Children as they approach adolesence, should never be permitted to sleep together. Indeed, the rule should be—not with a view only to preventing this vice, but in view of many other considerations—that, after the infant has left its mother's arms, and become a child, it should ever after 208 sleep in a bed by itself. The older children grow and the nearer they approach to youth, the more important does this become. Boys even should bo taught to shrink sensitively from any unnecessary exposure of person, before each other ; they should be trained to habits of delicacy and self-respect; and the capacity which na- ture has given to all for becoming truly modost and re- fined, should be cultivated to the utmost. Habits of self-respect, delicacy, and refinement, with regard to the person, are powerful adjuncts to moral virtues. They need not be confined to the wealthy and favor- ed classes ; they cost nothing—On the contrary, they are the seeds which may be had without price, but which ripen into fruits of enjoyment that no money can buy." It is true, that it is almost impossible, unfortunately, to entirely prevent children from learning this vice, either by emulative practice or more direct instruction. We must necessarily then guard them against it, by a timely warning. I know of instances where parents supposed the information they had given their child, had produced the desired effect, but instead of that they have kept on with the practice, until they sunk into an antimely grave, and yet the parent was congratulating ■limself upon the success of his precautions. Copland has an article on Insanity, which points out the various causes of this terrible affliction, and uses the following language, in speaking of self-abuse :— "Many, however, of those causes which thus affect nervous energy, favor congestion of the brain and oo- casion disease of other vital organs, tending to disoid^r the functions of the brain sympathetically. Of these, the most influential are masturbation and libertinism, or sexual excesses, sensuality in all its forms, and inor- dinate indulgence in the use of intoxicating substances and stimulants. The baneful influence of tho first of these causes is very much greater, in both sexes, than is usually supposed, and is, I believe, a growing evil, with the diffusion of luxury, of precocious knowledge, and of the vices of civilization. It is even more preva- lent in the female than in the male sex, and in the former it usually occasions various disorders connected With the sexual organs—as leucorrhcea, or suppressed 209 or profuse menstruation, both regular and irregular hysteria, catalepsy ecstasies, vertigo, various states of disordered sensibility, &c, before it gives rise to mental disorder. In both sexes epilepsy often precedes insanity from this cause; and either it or general paralysis often complicates the advanced progress of the mental dis- order, when thus occasioned. Melancholia, the several grades of dementia, especially imbecility and morcom- ania, are the more frequent forms of derangement pro- ceeding from a vice which not only prostrates the phy- sical powers, but also impairs the intellects, debases the moral affections, and altogether degrades the individual in the scale of social existence, even when manifest in- sanitydoes not arise from it." As I have asserted in a former page, the difference between the effects of masturbation and natural excess, is very great, for the former is the operation of the im- agination entirely, while the latter is accompanied by the natural associations, producing a pleasurable feel- ing ; to be sure, the latter is only partial when in excess. I very often have patients, who are unwilling slaves to the vice of masturbation to such an extent, that their hands must be fastened while at sleep, to prevent the practice. The mental tortures of fear and self-condem- nation, combined with the bodily exhaustion, produce a fearful havoc. Natural excesses seldom cause insanity or idiocy, except, perhaps, in the offspring; but the solitary vice is sure to do so in both, if not prevented by judicious and timely treatment. The Massachusetts Report says, that " one hundred and ninety-one of the idiots examined were known to have practiced masturbation, and in nineteen of them the habit was even countenanced by the parents or nurses! One hundred and sixteen of this number were males and seventy-five females. In four hundred and twenty who were born idiots, one hundred and two were addicted to masturbation, and in ten cases the idiocy of the children was ' manifestly attributable to self-abuse in the parents!' The ten cases known, justify the con- clusion, that in reality there are many more, which proves, beyond a shadow of doubt, that many cases of idiocy in children is attributable to the sexual vice of the parents. Is not this fact almost too fearful for con- 210 tomplation, and the importance of it to the community incalculable 1" There are many valuable statistics in tho annual re- ports of the Massachusetts Lunatio Asylum. In the twelfth report, of the number of cases existing in the Institute, one hundred and thirty-nine are set down as having been caused by masturbation, which, from the language used in the report, is a decrease of the number to such an extent as to cause great satisfaction, and is attributed to the information that has been diffused on the subject, and the warnings that have reached the young through the various channels of intelligence that have been opened on this hitherto obscure subject. The thirteenth report contains one hundred and forty- five cases, as caused by self-abuse, with some remarks, which I add below:— " The causes of insanity may bo divided into volun- tary and involuntary. Of the former the principal are intemperance and the secret vice ; other causes may be of this class, such as hazardous speculation, many re- ligious vagaries, imprudent exposures and irregularities. None are so prominent as the two first named, and none so fully stain the character with guilt, which even the occurrence of hopeless disease can hardly wipe away. Intemperance disorders the senses, and induces apo- plexy, epilepsy and palsy. The cases from this cause are about as favorable for recovery as the majority of others, but are most sure to return if the habit of in- temperance recurs. " The secret vice produces the very worst form of insanity, because it is so difficult to avoid the continu- ance of the cause, and because the energies of the system are more prostrated by it than by almost any other cause. Such patients become degraded animals, so entirely abandoned to the habit that hopeless dementia and driveling idiocy generally follow. A few can be influenced to abandon the practice, and a few others can be cured in spite of it, but in almost all cases the disease will become worse, and these dreadful conse- quences will ensue. " The secret vice, though doubtless a frequent cause of insanity, and of other severe and fatal diseases, far more than is generally supposed, is most operative in 211 preventing recovery from insanity, arising from this and other causes. It is extensively and alarmingly the re- sult of an active propensity excited by the disease, and unrestrained by reason, moral influences or self-respect. Many cases of a favorable character progress towards recovery; till this practice is commenced, then the pa- tient becomes listless, is inclined to lie down or sit in a bent position, walks moderately, looks feeble, and feels weak and miserable. His mind loses its energies, its scope is circumscribed, more and more, till this beastly indulgence occupies all his thoughts, and the remnant of all the physical powers are concentrated to this single effort of gross and debased animal nature. Thus, the groveling sensualist lives, often a long life, a degraded sufferer, without a manly thought or a moral feeling worthy of his nature or his destiny, and finally leaves the world without the regret of his friends, a useless, burthensome, loathsome object of abhorrence and dis- gust." Under the head of " Relation of Cause to Recovery," in the two reports, there are two hundred and seventy- one males and twenty-nine females, enumerated, from the effects of masturbation; and of this number, one hundred and ninety-seven males and twenty-seven fe- males were incurable ; which shows but the small num- ber of two of the females as having been cured. As one of the proofs against the absurd doctrine, that by giving this subject publicity, will increase the evil, by drawing the attention of those to it, who otherwise would not have known there was such a disease, I will insert some of the truths directly relating to the occupa- tion of those addicted to this vice, in these reports. Those educated as physicians of course understand the sexual system, while others never study anything of the kind, for want of time or because it is not necessary. We will see by this the proportion of the educated and uneducated, as regards those made insane by masturba- tiou. In the thirteenth report, there were sixty-two shoe- makers in the asylum, of whom twenty-four were insane from this cause; which shows that nearly one-half of this class of the population became so from self-abuse. By referring to the medical profession, we find phy- 212 Bicians made insane from other causes, but not a single ease in either report caused by masturbation. This alone is conclusive evidence, that the greater the know- ledge of the subject tho less will the habit be practiced, so that in the end we may almost hope for its entire ex- tinction. There are other facts also, in the same reports, which conclusively show, tha t this kind of knowledge is needed ; for instance, among students the proportion of insane from masturbation is about seventy-five per cent., there being eighteen from this cause, out of twenty-five. And among merchants, the proportion is nearly fifty per cent. Of lawyers, about thirty-three per cent.; and clergymen fifty-six per cent. Intemperance ;s the great- est cause, yet there were many of them that were pro- duced by masturbation in the first instance, and to drown their shame no doubt resorted to alcohol. Many, without doubt, used other stimulants as well as alcohol, as a temporary relief from the great exhaustion the practice always produces. Self-abuse, it is well-known, causes ill health, and that was the cause of some of the cases ; but, notwith- standing all of the other complaints combined, does not, I am satisfied, cause as much insanity as the secret vice of self-abuse. The influence, of the occupation, as tending to this solitary vice is shown in these reports. They conclu- sively prove, that sedentary employments tends to cause it, while active out-of-door occupation opposes it, for among students, printers, shoemakers, and mer- chants, fifty per cent, of the insanity arises from mastur- bation, but only twelve per cent, from intemperance. Among carpenters, blacksmiths and others who are ac- tively employed, thirty-five per cent, arises from intern perance, and only,thirteen from masturbation. Among seamen, fifty-four per cent, of the insanity is caused by intemperance, and only eleven per cent, from solitary abuse. Parents, therefore, after they have given their sons the proper advice, should allow them to choose their own employment, and not confine a sanguine tempera- ment, requiring mental and muscular occupation of tho most varied kind, to an office or counting-house, nor a 213 more intellectual profession, for the monotonous inac- tivity, as we have stated above, is the greatest cause of sexual excesses, for the vital energy instead of being ex- pended in active exertion, stimulates the sexual organs to an unnatural degree, and then causes the vice, both as a gratification and relief. The every-day cases we meet with, presents these effects most frequently—weakness of the eyes, swelling and soreness of the lids, the dark or tell-tale spots under the eyes, which is a sure symptom of an exhausted sys- tem, buzzing or singing in the ears, partial deafness, weakness of the back and limbs, especially the knees, headache, dizziness, flatulence, incontinence of urine, which is very frequent, diarrhoea, but most generally constipation, and sometimes of the most obstinate form, palpitation of the heart, shortness of breath, loss of memory, and confusion of ideas, melancholy, peevish- ness, and irritability, Once and awhile we'meet with a case where there is a partial los3 of speech, tendenos to stammer or stutter; and in almost every instance rafere is a hesitancy and indecision in these patients. Some- times there is a difficulty of swallowing, which is a par- tial paralysis produced by the sympathy with the organs below, and are very often troubled with a gulping or belching of wind, a whitening of the hair, and even baldness, are often produced from these causes; palsy and epilepsy are very often the results, and so is paraly- sis, much oftener is it the case, than is supposed. These are severe affections, but the sympathies of the genera- tive organs are powerful, and it is not surprising, there- fore, as the exhaustion of the vital power is great, when caused by excessive action. For the better illustration of. tho subject, however, I will here insert a few cases from the note-book of M. Lallemand, and others; but the mode of treatment I entirely dissent from, for it is very seldom, indeed, that a case presents itself, requir- ing or which is adapted to it, and I have cured many a patient by my more simple treatment—which causes not the least pain—after they had submitted to numerous oauterizations, the pain of which is always severe, and sometimes causes a worse disease than the one for which it was applied. 18 214 CASE XVIII. " M. D. of Philadelphia, of a very robust constitution, contracted the habit of masturbation while at school, when only eight years old. The first effect produced was a frequent desire to pass urine, and at twelve years of age, this irritability bad become so great, that he was sometimes unablo to retain his urine a quarter of an hour. Before entering a house he always took care to micturate several times in rapid succession; and, not- withstanding this precaution, he soon experienced re- newed uneasiness. He felt as though his bladder was never entirely empty, and the smallest quantity of urine induced spasmodio contractions. The irritability of the urinary organs diminished by degrees after the period of puberty, but never ceased entirely, notwithstanding the various means which were employed on different oc- casions. " ^t the age of sixteen, M. D. endeavored to break off his injurious habits by sexual intercourse, but ho found himself completely impotent, and shame induced him to return to masturbation. He afterwards made further attempts to correct himself, but he experienced nocturnal pollutions, which often made him lose cou- rage. At length, after many relapses, he succeeeded completely, without observing any -further nocturnal emissions. Still his health, instead of improving be- came more and more impaired. His erections were less frequent, less prolonged, incomplete, and at length gradually ceased, together with all animal desire. " At the age of twenty-eight, the state of his urine, its frequent discharge, and the wandering pains in the perineum and testicles, induced a fear of calculus ; sounding, however, only showed a morbid sensibility of the urethra, especially towards tho neck of the bladder. " In the beginning of May, 1837, M. D. came to Montpelier, in the following condition :—Much debili- tated, unsteady in his walk, easily chilled, and taking cold very quickly, wandering pains all over his body, skin dry, memory impaired, digestion difficult, extre- mities cold, scrotum relaxed and testicles soft—very sensitive, and often causing a dull pain, as if they were forcibly compressed; the semen (from the account he 215 gave of the last nocturnal emissions he had experienced) clear, aqueous, and inoderous; semenal pollutions with the last drop of urine, which were clammy, and passed with difficulty, and excited a sensation of tickling in the neighborhood of the anus, which extended to the orifice of the urethra. He often had diarrhoea, but, at other times was very costive, aud his stools were passed with difficulty and pain. He did not, however, often pass semen while at stool. " I discovered, several days following, the presence ot semen in M. D's urine, and catheterism showed an ex- cessive irritability of the urethra, especially in the neighborhood of the prostate, which, on examination, was found slightly enlarged. Nearly a tablespoonful of bloody followed the withdrawal of the catheter. The circumstances did not leave the least doubt on my mind as to the state of the mucous membranes in the vicini- ty of the ejaculatory ducts ; and consequently, I imme- diately performed cauterization, from the neck of the bladder as far as the membraneous portion of the urejihra. " Twenty days afterwards, M. D. left Montpelier for Italy, and when he returned, three months afterwards, he was completely cured—no involuntary seminal emis- sions having afterwards appeared. His urine was trans- parent, and could be retained seven or eight hours, without inconvenience; its discharge took place without effort, and was not accompanied by any remarkable sensation. Lastly, the patient's impotence, which had been present nearly twelve years, had given place to a virility previously unknown to him; I need hardly state that his physical and moral energy had shared in this regeneration. " I have often had occasion to notice the connection that exists between the spermatic and urinary organs 5 and I have shown that there is scarcely a cause of sperma- torrhoea which does not act more or less on the bladder and kidneys. " The cause I am now investigating affords us nume- rous examples of this connection—of which the case I have just related, is a remarkable instance—the irrita- tion of the urinary organs having been developed very rapidly, having shown very marked symptoms, and having existed alone during several years. The patient 216 was only eighteen years of age when he first became addicted to masturbation ; at this early age tho urinary organs alone possessed activity, and therefore they alone were able to suffer disturbance of their functions; on this account the symptoms were confined for a long time to the urinary organs. The character of the symptoms showed that they arose from a chronic state of inflammation, or from an acute irritation of the urinary organs, and this state must have extended also towards the spermatic organs. Thus, the increased sensation of the kidneys, and the extreme irritability of the bladder, would give a very clear' idea of what took place in the spermatic organs at the period of puberty. As soon as the testicles began to act, they fell under -the same influence as the kidneys; the seminal vesicles were in the same condition as the bladder; in other words, the semen was secreted in large quantities, and was retained a very short time in its reservoirs. Being, therefore, imperfectly formed, the usual offect on the erectile tis- sues produced by its presence, did not take place, and coitus was impossible at the age of sixteen; " The occurrence of impotence at so early an age is sufficient to show that diurnal pollutions had already commenced, although the patient did not discover them for a long time afterwards. He was still, however, able to practice masturbation; and this is a circumstance which has great effect in preventing persons addicted to the vice from renouncing their fatal habits. At a later Seriod, nocturnal pollutions, which occurred after a few ays' care, shook the patient's resolution. This is a much less serious circumstance than the one just men- tioned, but, at the same time, much more common. At length the patient left off his habits, and his nocturnal pollutions disappeared; yet the disorder of his health continued to increase. His prudence, exercised too late, did not arise from the strength of his will, but from the weakness of his genital organs. The disappearance of his nocturnal emissions did not arise from the remedial measures used, but from the increase of his involuntary diurnal discharges, of which he only became aware long afterwards. These common errors are the more danger- ous, because medical practitioners are apt to participate in them. 217 " In the case of M. D. the irritability of the canal was very great, and the effect of the cauterization was cor- respondingly prompt and decided." The above case is a very near type of the one from my own note-book, and which is tho first case that 1 have presented. The age at which they commenced the habit of Onanism was the same; my own patient, however, was married soon after he arrived at age. Both cases are highly instructive and important, for, when a parent finds their child is laboring under such a difficulty in the frequent passage of urine, they should, without delay, inquire into the cause. By so doing, the accruing difficulties that will arise from the advancing disease, can bo averted. The next case also is an important one, as it shows how readily spermatorrheal symptoms may be thought to indicate almost every other disease, and, of course, the real difficulty is seldom discovered, unless the sur- geon is one of practical experience in these complaints. I am indebted, (says M. l^allemand), for the following re- markable case to the kindness of Dr. Daniel of Cette J— CASE xix. " On the 26th of May, 1836, I was called to F., a baker, aged twenty-two ; I found him in bed, in the following condition :—Great moral prostration, carried even to a hatred of existence, prostration of strength j anaeniso ; lips pale and shriveled, remarkable palidity, eyes sunken, expression of countenance dull, great ema- ciation, skin hot and dry, pulse small, voice hoarse and so low that it was with difficulty a few words could be heard by approaching the ear, constant cough, scarcely permitting an instant's repose, general wandering pains, most severe in the loins and the sides of the chest, great irritability of the stomach—vomiting being excited after taking almost any kind of liquor or solid food. " At first, I thought that I recognized in this patient the symptoms of phthisis laryngea, complicated with chronic gastritis ; but the examination of nis chest and abdomen did not support this opinion. The epigastric region was not painful on pressure ; the respiratory mur- mur was heard all over the chest, and percussion emitted 18* 218 a hoalthy sound, except under the left false ribs, where it was slightly dull, and the patient felt pain. " His debility did not permit me to practice abstrac- tion of blood; and, indeed, the pleuropneumonia of the left side did not seem either very extensive or very acute ; I therefore ordered a large blister to be applied over the affected spot, and prescribed a solution of tartar emetic and a strict diet. The pain in the side disap- peared, and two days afterwards the stomach could re- tain milk and barley-water. Still nothing explained the patient's emaciation, his almost total loss of voice, hoarseness, and constant cough. His parents attributed these symptoms to hereditary phthisis, and mentioned that several members of the family had died of that dis- ease. Minute and repeated examination of F's chest, however, assured me that this was not the case. " On the other baud, the symptoms were very severe, and I could not discover any visceral lesion sufficient to account for them. In this state of uncertainty, your views on spermatorrhoea attracted my attention. 1 im- mediately questioned the patient respecting his past life, and learned that at the age of seventeen, he practiced masturbation with such fury, that he had frequently passed aqueous semen, mixed with blood. Frightened by these incidents he had corrected himself completely. But after about a fortnight's abstinence, he noticed that his urine contained a deposit of thick, whitish, flocculent matter. He never attached any importance to this, al- though during four years he observed it constantly, and noticed that it was more abundant after he had been much fatigued in his business. He observed also, that the last drops of urine were thick and viscid, and that a small quantity of viscid matter generally remained at the orifice of the urethra. "His bad symptoms first commenced at this time; his erections and desires entirely disappeared, and, by the time he had attained the age of twenty-one, he was obliged to give up his employment, and shortly after- wards, his symptoms becoming aggravated, he was unable to quit his bed. I examined his urine, and found it in the /condition" he had described—the deposit con- tained in it being about an ounce in quantity. I noticed that his testicles were soft, and his scrotum flaccid. He 219 agreed to iny proposition of cauterizing the prostatic por- tion of the urethra, with eagerness, and I performed it on the following day. The effect of the cauterization was rapid. The second night afterwards the patient slept soundly; the third day a change was observed in the voice, and erections occurred during the night. On the fourth day the patient was able to get up and take some light food, which was well digested; his wan- dering jiains had disappeared ; and by the ninth day af- ter the cauterization, the patient's strength had returned. Tonic regimen and the use of sea-bathing confirmed his restoration." The next case especially exhibits that singular ten- dency of these diseases, if they go on unchecked, and which are sure to end in confirmed insanity. It gene- rally commences with the hallucination, that they are about to be defrauded, that everyone are aware of their disease, consequently they are despised, and finally, that they will be assassinated, for they are certain, they think, that society generally are leagued against them, and that they arc the most ill-used persons living. CASE xx. " At the beginning of April, 1836, M. Emile G. was sent to consult me, by Dr. Cauviere, of Marseilles. He was twenty-five years of age, and had attracted notice from the brilliancy of his intellect. At twenty-one years of age he had been admitted an advocate in a highly- flattering manner. He stooped much, and, though his bony system seemed to announce a strong constitution, Lid limbs were small and. his muscles soft. His hair was black and thin, his skin pale, and his face without expression. His eyes were dull, and constantly cast down; his voice weak and husky, and his general ap- pearance announced great timidity. His legs were constantly in motion. " I learnt that M. G. had contracted the habit of masturbation at school at twelve years of age, and that, whilst studying law in Paris at the age of nineteen, he found a change in his character commencing; this I will describe in his own words:— "'At first I felt a gradually-increasing disgust of 220 everything, and a constant sense of ennui. From that period I only saw the dark side of life. Thoughts of suicide soon afterwards occurred to mo, and this state of mind continued for twelve months, after which other ideas took the place of those respecting suicide. I con- sidered myself a subject of ridicule, and fancied that the expression of my countenance or my manner excited an insulting gayety in the persons I mot. This notion each day acquired new strength; and often, when in the street, or even when at my own house, or in a rodm sur- rounded by my relations and friends, I fancied I heard insults which were aimed at me. I think so still. At " length, as my state became worse, I thought that every one insulted me, and I still think so. If any one ex- peotorates or blows his nose, coughs, laughs, or puts his handkerchief before his face in my presence, I experience the most painful sensation. Sometimes I feel enraged; but more frequently a depression of spirits, ending in involuntary tears. I look at no one, and,my eyes are never fixed on any object. Wrapped up in my own thoughts, I am indifferent to all external impressions. These signs are evidently those of imbecility. 1 admit that I may have had—and that I may even now have— hallucinations, but I am fully persuaded that these ideas \ are not without foundation. I am convinced that the expression of my countenance has something strange in it; that people read in my looks the fears which agitate and the ideas which torment me, and that they laugh at this unhappy weakness of intellect which they ought rather to pity.' "The patient experienced a sense of heaviness and oppression in his head, and, although fatigued by slight exercise, was constantly in motion. Two years before he consulted me he began to correct himself by degrees, and for nine months he had entirely renounced the practice of masturbation j yet, notwithstanding this, his state daily grew worse. His digestion was disordered ; he suffered from obstinate constipation, and his erections and venereal desires had left him for a long time. Yet he did not mention the last facts—in the written state- ment of his case—to me ; they were minor evils; one idea alone absorbed him—the conviction that he was an object of contempt and ridicule to all who approached 221 him; this idea was aggravated by their knowledge of his impotence and by shame for the cause which had produced it. " This patient's urine usually contained an abundant flocculent deposit, resembling a thick decoction of barley; it decomposed very rapidly, and emitted a disagreeable smell. After every stool the point of the glans' penis was covered with a clammy, viscid matter, resembling a thick solution of gum. " These circumstances confirmed me in the idea that involuntary seminal discharges alone opposed the pa- tient's recovery. The frequent emission of the urine, the sensibility of the spermatic cords, of the testicles, and especially of the urethral mucous membrane and the injected state of the orifice of the urethra, made me attribute these evacuations to irritation of the spermatio organs rather than to relaxation. As, however,-the patient refused to submit to cauterization, I ordered him iced-milk mixed with spa-water, cold lotions, &c, but he found himself much worse after the use of these means; all his symptoms were aggravated, and his urine became thicker, and left a glaring deposit ad- hering to the bottom of the vessel. " At length, on the 23d of April, I persuaded M. G. to submit to cauterization, and I performed it immedi- ately, chiefly on the neck of the bladder and the prosta- tic portion of the urethra; nothing particular occurred, except that the inflammation of the urethra, which fol- lowed tho application, was not entirely removed for three weeks. This, I believe, arose, in a great measure, from the severe weather which prevailed at the time. I or- dered two or three warm baths to be taken in a week, a few warm injections and demulcent drinks. " At the expiration of a month, the patient took plea- sure in going out, and occupied himself in gardening ; he felt stronger, and took longer walks ; he was able to employ himself longer without fatigue ; he also experi- enced nocturnal emissions, preceded by erratic dreams and lively sensations. At this he was at first alarmed, but he gained courage when he saw that he was not in- jured by them. " I had not seen him for more than a month, when one day he called on me, quite dispirited, to say that he 222 should never get well, as he was relapsing into his for- mer habits. I blamed him, but at the same time I ex- plained to him that the fact was a proof of his having regained his former virility, of which he should make more proper use. "M. G's mother came to me soon after, to speak of the propriety of marriage for her son, whom she saw ex- posed to various dangers. I easily persuaded her that before deciding on marriage, it would be necessary for him to be firmly assured during a considerable period of his perfect and decided recovery. M. G. had then re- gained his spirits, his boldness and his.position in society, and eighteen months afterwards, all his functions being performed with energy, he married. Six months after nis marriage I heard that his health had not for a mo- ment been disordered. " With this patient 1 received the following consulta- tion from 5r- Esquirol:— " ' The undersigned cannot mistake a case of hypo- chondriasis which nas lasted three years. It is evident that the nervous affection was produced by the habit of masturbation to which the patient was addicted from the age of puberty, and of which he only succeeded in breaking himself seven months since. The hypo- chondriasis continues very obstinately, as the cause which produced it acted for a long time, and very seri- ously weakened the nervous system. The undersigned attributes the little success attending medical treatment to the unfavorable weatherjtto the indocility of the pa- tient, who lives in seclusion and in physical and moral torpor, and to the weakness of his mother, who allows herself to be led away by the sight of false or exagge- rated sufferings. The means advised are those usually ordered in cases of hypochondriasis:—Tonics, anti- spasmodics, leeches to the anus, purging, change of scene, traveling, sulphuretted baths, sea-bathing, &c.' " Dr. Esquirol sums up his opinion in conclusion, as follows:—' I must repeat what I have said above—weak- ened evacuation is the cause of the disease, and every- thing which can strengthen the nervous system, will be useful. It was clear that masturbation had been tho first cause of the physical and moral derangement, called hypochondriasis ; but the patient had renounced this 223 vice during nine months, and his state became worse daily, instead of improving. It was evident, therefore, that some other cause acted in keeping up the disorder; and it was just as evident that this cause was involun- tary diurnal discharges. " It is not necessary for me to show that masturbation can, acting alone, induce involuntary discharges, or that the cure was due to cauterization only, although its ef- fects were not manifest for a month after the application of the caustic ; but I must insist on the pathological condition of the genital organs exciting these involun- tary evacuations, since they have been too frequently ascribed to a state of debility or relaxation of tho • tissues. The tonics ordered by Esquirol had produced no benefit. " ' I have described the symptoms which led me to sus- pect acute irritation of the prostatic portion of the ure- thra, and I have shown the injurious effects of cold lotions, iced-milk, spa-water, &c. It was then, not by causing contraction of the orifices of the ejaculatory ducts, that the cauterization produced its beneficial ef- fects, but by dispersing the chronic engorgement of the mucous membrane. The advantage derived from warm baths during convalescence corroborates this opinion.' " In M. G's case a predominating symptom attracted the attention of the practitioners; hence they looked on the disease as being hypochondriasis, monomania, or • hallucination, continuing after the separation of its ex- citing cause, and becoming consequently, an idiopathic affection. I have, however, shown that all the functions had been altered more or less; I should add, that the digestion was the last to be re-established perfectly. Such mistakes are very common and very serious, and I cannot too strongly impress their importance on the attention of the profession. " Esquirol justly stated, the'hypochondriasis took its origin from masturbation; that the nervous system was weak and excited. But he mistook the cause which kept up this condition of the brain. When masturbation has not induced involuntary seminal emissions, recovery soon follows, on leaving off the habit which has destroyed the health. Within a week the patients begin to experience a notable improvement, and in, a very short time they 224 are hardly recognizable, whatever may have been the degree of weakness to which they were reduced. " But when Dr. Esquirol wrote his opinion, seven months had elapsed, during which M. G's conduct had been irreproachable, and when I saw him two months after, his state was even worse, although he had never resumed his former habits. The symptoms were, how- ever, kept up by involuntary diurnal discharges. " The effects of cauterization were very conclusive, and so soon as its curative action was felt, the patient of his own accord, took various kinds of exercise, and sought out the different amusements which had been in vain ordered for him previously; he entered into so- ciety, and did, without being pressed, all that ho had before refused to do; his ideas, and his necessities al- tered in proportion as his functions were re-established. " It is in vain that we say to the so called hypochon- dria)—Amuse yourself, employ your mind, go into society, seek agreeable conversation; so long as we have not re- moved the cause of his disorder, ho is unable to profit by our counsels. How can we expect that when a man is fatigued by the least exercise, he shall occupy him- self with walking or gardening 1 How can we desire him to go into society, when the simple presence of a woman intimidates him, and re6alls all his former mis- fortunes 1 How can we expect him to enjoy conversa- • tion when he loses its thread every moment 1 When his memory leaves him, and he feels his nullity 1 We persuade him to seek amusements and pleasures, but are they such to him 1 Is not the happiness of others,-his greatest punishment 1 Because he is unable to follow our advice, we accuse him of unwillingness, and we wish to compel him. Let us first remove the cause of our patient s disease, and we shall soon see that his character and conduct will change, and that he will return to his natural tastes and habits. " It is not long, in such cases, before we are em- barrassed by questions about the propriety of marriage being put to us. This is a matter which is serious in all its aspects, and on which the least scrupulous should not pronounce, without having had sufficient assurance of their patient's health is now not the only one, nor is even his future happinesaalone implicated; the fute of 225 the innocent being who is about to be associated with him is the matter bf chief importance, and justice to her demands that we do not counsel matrimony until sufficiently long proof has been given that our patient's re-establishment is permanent." The above case will satisfy every one who are afflict- ed, or who have been subject previously to the habit, or to the emissions, and may be, who have married, without having first been cured, but who think they are well enough; yet they do not feel exactly as they should; or they may have been under treatment, and supposed themselves convalescent; but yet the testicle on the left side is weakened, and hangs lower than the other, or than it should; the veins, no doubt, are en- larged, or when you take the testicles in your fingers there is a feeling like worms collected together. Both testicles may be involved, and sometimos they swell and feel tender, especially if the person has been indulging in spirituous liquors, or has a severe cold; the desire for connection finally grows less ; the person becomes weak, and will soon go to an early grave, probably an idiot. All through these different stages there is either a visible or invisible loss of semen, which' must be stopped, and as I have just said, should satisfy every one there is no time to be lost, or they may be past re- covery, for, so long as the spermatorrhoea continues, no cure can be expected, but, on the contrary, the patient . must go on from bad to worse, notwithstanding all that can be done for him. In addition to what I'have said as to the origin of this vice, I will insert what M. Lallemand says on the same subject:— CHAPTER XI. " causes of abuse "These may be divided into two classes:—-First, causes inherent in man, or those acting from within ; these may be considered as predisposing causes;— 19 226 secondly, external causes, or those arising from acci- dental circumstances, and these may'be considered as exciting causes. " Internal or predisposing cause*.—Of the first class of causes, the most important is undoubtedly due to the human organization. In the lower animals the male and female live together, as if there wore no difference of sex, except during the short rutting season. This period passed, perfect calm is restored. In the human species, the secretion of semen constantly goes on, from the time of maturity until extreme old age ; the secre- tion may, indeed, be increased or diminished by excite- ment or repose of the organs ; but, during this period it is never entirely suspended as long as the secreting tissues are healthy. Still, this universal and important fact has been much neglected; its application is evident. " The form of the superior extremities in the human race also possesses a considerable influence in predis- posing to abuse. Many animals are always fit for fe- cundation, spermatozoa being found in them at _ all seasons. They are, however, unable to excite seminal impressions without the aid of tho female. Other ani- mals, again, which, during the rutting season, show an al- most incredible amount of erotio fury, are still unable, by their own actions, to cause spermatic discharges j their form alone prevents this, for they often attempt it, and a few even succeed. It is well known with what fury apes are addicted to masturbation—the ape being, of all the lower animals, the nearest to "man in form. To this original disposition, more perfect in man than in any other animal, must be added the influence of patho- logical causes. " I have already spoken of tho Irritation caused by ascarides in the rectum, of the erections they excite, and of the abuses induced by them. We shall see, by and by, that herpetic eruptions on the penis and prepuce may produce the same effects, and 1 shall show also', that an accumulation of sebaceous matter, between the prepuce and glans, may have a similar influence. _ I must also mention irritation of the cerebellum as in- ducing serious abuse, of which I shall give cases in their proper place. " There is even some connection between the organs 227 of generation and distant diseases; for Dr. Desportes has mentioned a kind of angina which is frequently pre- ceded by a considerable increase in the venereal desires, and, consequently, by a disposition to all kinds of abuses. Pulmonary phthisis also is often attended by considerable venereal excitement. It may as well then be at once admitted, that causes predisposing to . masturbation exist in the human organization itself. * " External or exciting causes.—Of these I shall lay particular stress on such as act before puberty, because they have hitherto attracted very little attention. The^ most anxious parents believe that there is no occasion to watch over the actions of their children with regard to their genital organs, previously to the epoch of pu- berty ; and few, even of our own profession, are led to suspect bad habits before that period. This is a fatal error, against which it is necessary to be on our guard; numerous causes may give rise to abuses at a much earlier period—infancy being hardly exempt from them. case xxi. " I saw one unfortunate child, which, while still at the breast, nearly fell a victim to the stupidity of its nurse. She had remarked, that handling the genital organs ap- peased its cries and induced sleep more easily than any other means, and she repeated these manouvres without noticing that the sleep was preceded by spasmodic move- ments. These increased and took on a convulsive cha- racter, and the child was losing flesh rapidly and be- coming daily more irritable, when I was consulted. At first I attributed the disorder to worms, teething, &c, but my attention being attracted by certain signs, I examined the genital organs, and found the penis erect. I was soon told all, for the nurse bad no idea she was doing wrong. It was necessary to dismiss her, for her presence alone sufficed to recall to the child's memory sensations which had already become a habit. Time and strict watching were required before these early im- pressions were entirely effaced, " Dr. Deslandes relates two similar cases, and Pro- fessor Halle, in his lectures on hygiene, used to mention many such; Chaussier too told mc of several that came 228 under his notice; and both these observers believed such cases to be less rare than they are usually considered. These manouvres quiet the children very readily, and nurses always endeavor to obtain quiet at any sacrifice; they have no idea of the consequences of their conduct. At a later period, children are exposed to the same dangers, on the part of the servants having them in charge; and in these cases it is not of ignorance that the attendants are to be accused. Many patients have consulted me who owed their disorders to this cause; and in Case 61,1 have shown the influence which such early habits exerts on after-life. "In some children there is a kind of precocity of sexual instinct, which leads to very serious results. In these it often happens thai the sexual instinct arises long after puberty; such children manifest an instinctive attraction towards the female sex, which they show by constantly spying after their nurses, chambermaids, &o. These freaks of children are usually laughed at, but if they were regarded with more attention, it would bo- come evident that the sexual impulse has been already awakened. " Rousseau, in his confessions, has well described the influence which early sexual impulse exercised on his whole life, and I have received numerous confidences of the same nature, which, however, it would be of no service to relate here. One case, however, is so re- markable, that an abstract of it may be instructive:— CASE XXII. "M. D., the son of a distinguished physician, between five and six years of age, was one day in summer, in the room of a dressmaker who lived in his family; this girl thinking that she might safely put herself at her ease before such a child, threw herself on her bed, almost without clothing. The little D. had followed all her motions, and regarded her figure with a greedy eye. He approached her on the bed, as if to sleep, but he soon became so bold in his behavior, that, after having laughed at him for some time, the girl was obliged to put him out of the room. This girl's simple imprudence produced such an impression on tho child, that, when 229 he consulted me, forty years afterwards, he had not for- gotten a single circumstance connected with it. The continual occupation of his mind by lascivious ideas, did not produce any immediate effect, but, about the age of eight, the most insignificant occurrence served to turn his recollections to his destruction. Having mounted one day on one of the movable frames which are used for buckling coats, he slid down the stem which supports the transverse bar, and the friction occasioned caused him to experience an agreeable sensation in his genital organs. He hastened to remount and to slide down in the same manner, until the repetition of these frictions produced effects which he had been far from anticipating. This discovery, added to the ideas con- stantly before him, gave rise to the most extraordinary abuses, and, after a time, to excessive masturbation. " I need not mention all the miseries which followed this fatal passion ; it will be sufficient for me to relate the means to which he had recourse for its correction. He slept on a very hard bed without a shirt, in order to avoid friction, and covered by a single coverlet sus- tained by a cradle ; his arms were raised, and crossed above his head ;~ a servant remained by his side during the night, with orders to awake him if he changed his position. When he got up, he put on next his skin a shirt Of mail weighing twenty-two pounds, resembling those worn by the knights of old, except that it had no * sleeves, and that it was attached, at its lower extremity, to a silver basin, fitted to receive the genital organs, and provided with openings for the thighs. This shirt of mail was in front, in order to be easily put on and taken of; and when on, it was laced up with a steel chain, a padlock being attached to tho end, the key of which was kept by the servant, who had orders not to give it up on any pretence whatever. Guarded by the silver basin, the genital organs were completely re- moved from the touch, a little opening only being left for the discharge of the urine. As a still greater pre- caution, tho patient had caused four sharp points to be fixed in front of this case, in order to directly oppose any erection. This apparatus he continued to wear for nine or ten years, although it frequently caused inflam- mation of the testicles and spermatic cords, by its 19* 230 pressure. Notwithstanding all these precautions, the patient's moral and physical condition were deplorable, which led me to suspect the presence of diurnal pollu- tions. " I should observe, that in all cases of which I have just spoken, the children were five or six years of age— at most eight—that they did not show signs of puberty for several years afterwards, and that they were not ex- posed to the influence of bad example. Their sexual ideas were, therefore, spontaneously developed several years before the development of the genital organs. The same precocity is often observed in children of the other sex. Of this I shall treat more fully hei eafter ; at present CASE XXIII, I shall merely call attention to the case related bj Parent Du Chatelet, of a little girl, who, after the age of four years, gave herself up to the most unbridled abuses. " From these facts, an important scientific conclusion may be adduced, viz : that in many children the geni- al instinct shows itself with much energy, many years before the age of puberty. " A no less important practical precaution presents itself, viz: that the age of puberty should not be waited for, in order to surround children with prudent circumspection and to prevent their curiosity from be- ing gratified. "Many parents are remarkably careless on the latter point; they permit children of both sexes to play to- gether, promiscuously for hours, without any surveil- ance, provided that they are removed from all danger of accident, and that their noise is not annoying. The confidence of many parents, also, in the ignorance of their children, makes them careless of the marks of familiarity which are given to each other in their pre- sence ; children's sleep is not always so real or so sound as it seems. " It is sufficient to point out these facts—every per- son can deduce the -conclusions ; and now 1 hasten to consider a question, the gravity of which has been al- 231 lowed by all who have written respecting masturbation —I mean, the influence of example in educational establishments. " If I may judge from my own observation out of ten persons whose health has been deranged immediately or recently from the effects of masturbation, nine first con- tracted the habit at school. All that 1 have read on the subject has led me to conclude that this proportion is not exaggerated. A child brought up in the bosom of his family is, it is true, surrounded by many causes sufficient to arouse his curiosity and excite his imagination ; but 6uch causes act accidentally, and in an isolated manner— they only produce, a serious effect on a few ardent imagi- nations ; a thousand circumstances may remove the at- tention from them. At school it is admitted that such causes do not exist; but there are others less numerous and less varied, but which operate in a much more active and continuous manner ; the effect of these are direct and almost inevitable. The child finds on his first ar- rival a focus of contagion which soon spreads itself around him ; the vice is established endemically, and is transmitted from the old pupils to those newly arriving. If a few privileged individuals escape being initiated, they are only such as do not experience any gratifica- tion. But their time will come at a later period—when the passions make themselves felt—the same circum- stances will be presented to the mind under a less dis- gusting aspect. " I shall not enter into details on this subject; but from all that has come to my knowledge from various and direct sources of information, I do not hesitate to affirm that nowhere are obscene books circulated more freely and boldly than in educational establishments ; thai the origin of the vice is not solely in the scholars, but also in the ushers and servants ; that the abuses are not always confiued to masturbation, and that they are not always propagated by example or persuasion, but are sometimes enforced by threats and violence. Let it not be thought that I am now speaking of rare and ex- ceptional cases, or that I exaggerate—I possess multi- plied and convincing proofs of my assertions ; I would not either that I should be misunderstood. _ I am far from denying tho advantages of education in a public 232 sehool, and 1 am ready to admit that the competition among a number of children produces emulation, forms the future character, early shows each his own value, and lays the foundation of friendships which endure through life." A too sedentary life is injurious at all ages, especially in childhood, when there exists such constant desire for exercise and change. Gymnastics, therefore, should on this account alone occupy an important position in the system of education ; but they must be viewed under a much more serious aspect. Nothing can prevent tho genital organs, at the time of their development, from re- acting on the economy and giving rise to new sensations and ideas. It is impossible to prevent the attention from being attracted by the impressions caused by these organs ; impossible to restrain the imagination and to prevent it from frequently dwelling on such impressions. The slightest circumstance may in such a case, lead to a fatal discovery, even if the information be not transmit- ted directly and enforced by example. How are suoh discoveries to be prevented, or rather how are their re- sults to be guarded against 1 Study gives us no aid here; indeed, the continued sitting necessarily heats the organs, already too excited. The eyes may be fixed on the book, the ears may appear to listen to the master, but who can guard against the wandering of the im- agination 1 At night it is still worse; no surveilance can prevent this. There exists only one means capable of counteracting it, and that is, muscular exercise, carried so far as to induce fatigue. This alone is able to deaden the susceptibility of the newly acting organs which ex- cite the economy ; exercise alone, by requiring matter for the repair of the muscular waste it causes, withdraws a stimulant from the genital organs, and induces sound and refreshing sleep. Dr. McDonald says, M. Lallemand speaks of- the col- leges and private schools in France, but that he regrets to say that his statements apply with nearly their whole force to the schools of England. Vice is common in them; neglect of physical education, and the contract- ed nature of the studies to which pupils are confined in our classical seminaries—the understanding being unap- pealed to, and the reasoning faculties unexercised—the 233 natural sciences neglected, and the whole of the pupil's life until the age of seventeen, employed in the study of the dead languages—are matters of vital importance, to which society has only recently begun to direct its atten- tion. He says also, that M. Lallemand enters very fully on the subject of education as conducted in France, and well exposed the errors of the system. Most of his remarks apply to our own educational system, yet as the subject is not strictly medical, and as, moreover, M. Lallemand has treated it at considerable length, I think it best to refer those of my readers who may wish in- formation on it, to the original work. These remarks will apply to the schools everywhere, in all other countries, and especially can I say so in re- spect to the schools on this continent. CHAPTER XII. VARIETIES OF ABUSE. " I think it will be useful for me to give a few details respecting the different kinds of abuse which have come under my notice, and of which I have seen the hurtful influence on the genital organs. I shall omit all such remarks as have not a strictly practical bearing. " We have already seen the dangers to which com- pression of the urethra, to prevent the discharge of semen during ejaculation may give rise, (Case 35), of Lallemand. In the case I have related, it seems likely that a rupture took place in the mucous membrane, be- cause the patient felt, at the instant, an acute pain, and the following day a discharge commenced, which con- tinued until the application of the nitrate of silver. Soon after the commencement of the discharge involun- tary seminal emissions occurred, attended with serious symptoms. It was immediately behind the glands that this patient compressed the urethra, and it is quite con- ceivable that the sudden and violent distention of the canal might cause a tear in the mucous membrane j but 234 this is not always the case. One of my patients writes as follows:— CASE XXIV. "' At the age of fourteen I practiced masturbation three or four times a week, and sometimes frequently during the day. In order to prevent the discharge of semen, I compressed the root of the penis firmly. No- thing escaped at this time, but I soon observed that the semen was discharged with my urine the first timo I passed it. I followed this practice for about two years.' "Diurnal pollutions soon appeared, and grew more and more serious. The remainder of the case presents nothing which is not met with in all cases of sperma- torrhoea. What I wish to call attention to here is, that the compression was made close to the orifice of the ejaculatory ducts, and that the patient thought at first that his manoeuvres were not followed by any loss of semen, although he at length discovered the contrary. Fournier and Begin report a similar case :— CASE xxv. " It was that of a young man, who, at the moment of ejaculation compressed the most remote parts of the urethra, so that not a single drop of semen could escape; yet the result was the same as in ordinary cases. Not- withstanding his precautions, his strength diminished, and his disorder made just as rapid progress as if the seminal emission had been perfect. " The following is even a more remarkable case. I shall allow the patient to speak for himself:— CASE XXVI. " 'I am thirty-two years of age, and I have had noc- turnal emissions from the age of fourteen ; I have also suffered from discharges while at stool, for ten years. The cause of these pollutions cannot be referred to masturbation, for I have not practiced it twenty times during my whole life. The pollutions are rather owing to reading obscene books, for they commenced soon 235 after. At first, ejaculation was preceded by dreams, and accompanied by active erections^ and acute sensa- tions, the semen being ejaculated with force. I tried various means to prevent these discharges. I have slept, during whole nights, with my penis dipped in cold water, or compressed between two pieces of wood formed for the purpose. I have tried to keep myself awake in order to prevent an emission, because, wnen I succeeded, the following day I felt stronger; but, after two or three nights, sleep always overpowered me. I often awoke, however, in sufficient time to prevent the catastrophe of my dreams, but frequently it was too late ; on such occasions, to delay the discharge or to render it less copious, I compressed the base of the penis firmly; but it seems that these compressions greatly injured the parts, without preventing or diminishing the discharge, which took place inwardly, as I have often been convinced by inspecting my urine. From that Seriod the pollutions have no longer been preceded by reams, and the sensations have left me, so that I am not now aroused from sleep. My erections diminished, end have even latterly ceased entirely. For three years erections have rarely accompanied the emissions; when they do occur, I am always less fatigued. There is one thing which I have not been able to understand, and which will, without doubt, appear absurd to you; it is, that I experience pollutions without erection, sensation, or the escape of semen by the urethra. I believe that the discharge passes in a retrograde direction and bo- comes mixed with urine, because the next morning I find little globules, a cloud and filaments in that fluid, just as formerly, when I prevented ejaculation by com- pressing the root of the penis ; whilst my urine contains nothing during the day or the next morning, when I have not experienced these pollutions. On waking I am perfectly aware of what has occurred, by the sweat that covers my face, the fatigue I feel in all my limbs, the headache and dizziness that affect me, the dark circles that surround my eyes, &o. I have tried cold and iced applications with slight benefit. For some time the pollutions were rarer, and were accompanied with erec- tion and sensation ; but soon they became as before, and emission did not take place outwardly. These internal 236 pollutions have always been the most weakening Whenever I succeed iu passing the night without sleep my urine is transparent in the morning, and I feel strong. After several nights without sleep, I generally have an energetic emission, which fatigues mc little*, but soon those without erection and without external discharge return, and then I always feel worn out on waking.' " This patient's medical attendant would not believe in the possibility of pollution without the external dis- charge ; but it seems clear that the patient really had internal emissions without perceptible discharge ; that is to say, that the semen passed into the bladder, and was discharged with the urine, as had occurred before, when ejaculation was prevented by pressure on the pe- reneum. This compression was made in front of the ejaculatory ducts, and was very often repeated. It seems therefore likely that it was the frequent repetition of these manoeuvres that at length caused the spontaneous passage of the semen into the bladder. But this is a question to which I shall have occasion to return. " Yet all these manoeuvres scarcely differ from the vari- ous means recommended by some surgeons for prevent- ing nocturnal pollutions;. and we may then perceive how little confidence is to be placed in the instruments invented for that purpose, and the inconveniences to which they may give rise. It seems likely that the dan- gers would be nearly the same, in whatever part of the penis the compression is made ; except if there be suffi- cient space in the urethra, between the point compressed and the ejaculatory ducts, to contain all the semen, it would be discharged directly the compression is re- moved. When, on the other hand, tho compression is made immediately in front of the orifice of the ejacula- tory ducts, the semen flows back, at least in a great measure, so as to induce the patient to believe that the discharge had been stopped, or, at all events, in a great measure diminished, and to induce a degree of security which leads to further abuses. " But to return to the description of the abuses which have been admitted to me by so many other pa- tients :— 237 CASE XXVII. " One of these informed me, that about the period of puberty, while hanging one day by his arm, he experi- enced an energetic erection, accompanied with pleasure, and that by his efforts to raise his body, he caused an abundant seminal emission. This was the first. The next day he repeated the same motions, and noticed the same phenomena, and from that time he knew no other pleasure. From the principles which had been early instilled into him, he would have thought himself degraded by connection with a female, or by the least manual contact with his genital organs; but his con- science was quiet with regard to these practices, because they had not been forbidden him. He continued, there- fore, to hang by the hands, from the furniture, doors, &c, without being suspected by anyone, and fell by de- grees into a state of debility and wasting, equal to those caused by the most unbridled masturbation. After a ' time, from weakness the patient lost the power of hang- ing, and his voluntary emissions ceased ; but they were soon replaced by nocturnal emissions, which were very difficult of cure. CASE XXVIII. " The following are a fow passages from a letter I have recently received:—' Being of an ardent tempera- ment, I abused myself from the age of eight years, by practicing masturbation, or rather, by still more hurtful manoeuvres. By compressing the penis between my legs, or against the seat on which I was sitting, I pro- duced excitement, which was commonly followed by the discharge of a few drops of viscid and transparent fluid. This practice I repeated several times a day, up to the age of sixteen, when I ceased entirely, having been frightened by the discharge of nearly pure blood, which occurred several times. From this time I only sought natural enjoyments, but I found it impossible to obtain a complete erection. This state was attributed to weakness, and was combated by tonics, stimulents, and even irritants of all kinds, which have done me much injury. I used also cold bathing and cold lotions. 20 238 CASE XXIX. " I have seen an officer of high rank who had fallen into the same condition, from the practice of similar manoeuvres. He experienced the first sensation against the leg of the table, at the early age of ten years, and continued for several years to employ the same means. CASE xxx. " I have already related the case of another child, who allowed himself to slide down a woodeu pole, and the deplorable influence which this circumstance ex- ercised on the remainder of his life. " In a few of my patients, horse-exercise caused the first seminal emissions. I shall relate, by and by, the case of one of those who knew scarcely any other plea- sure , and who became quite impotent at the age when virility generally is the greatest. The extreme sus- ceptibility which the genital organs manifest at the period of puberty, should prevent horse-exercise from being commenced about this time, as is usually done. It should be begun a few years earlier, or a few years later. " I have already spoken of the danger of allowing children to sleep on the abdomen, (see Case 33, Lalle- mand. ) I should add, that many of my patients thus contracted habits which ruined their health. Inde- pendently of the inconveniences to respiration, diges- tion &c, which arise in this position, erections are favored. The least friction awakens new sensations, and, once on the track, progress is soon made. Some- times recollections have caused the choice of this po- sition ; of this I have related a remarkable example, (see Case 34, Lallemand); at other times, scruples early instilled by a sage foresight, but which the violence of the impulse has at length succeeded in elu'ling, have in- duced it. CASE XXXI. " Thus, 1 have been told, respecting one of my pa- tients, that he would suffer death rather than defile 239 himself by touching the genital organs ; yet, for five or six years, he seldom passed a night_ without working his own destruction while lying on his abdomen. It is not necessary for me to enter into a description of the other means by which patients have sought to satisfy their genital impulses, without transgressing the re- ligious and moral principles which had been taught them from infancy. Suffice it to say, that if they have succeeded in satisfying their consciences, they have not succeeded in preserving their health. " But to abstain from all direct action on the genital organs, is not always sufficient to preserve the patient from serious disorders. A purely nervous excitement, awakened by other senses, or directly produced by erotic, may bring the same results as the worst abuses, if prolonged or repeated erections are caused by it. The following are a few such examples:— CASE XXXII. " A student aged twenty-two, born in Switzerland, of sanguine temperament, and great muscular power, fell into the most complete state of impotence, after having been for some time exposed to ungratified excitement. He had never practiced any solitary vice ; but violent and prolonged erections came on, and were produced during the day by the influence of the memory. These erections caused abundant and frequent nocturnal emis- sions. Absence put an end to the excitement. The nocturnal pollutions diminished by degrees, and at length ceased entirely. Yet this patient fell into the same state of impotence as if he had committed the greatest excesses in masturbation, and at the same time pre- served the appearance of health and strength. The cause of his impotence was evident on examining his urine, and causing him to watch for diurnal pollutions while at stool, but the cure of these pollutions was only perfect after two years' treatment. CASE XXXIII. " I have seen another case of the same kind, in a young man who passed from a state of habitual priapism 240 to one of absolute impotence, without any other cause than violent excitement of the genital organs by an ar- dent attachment; ho had never given way to excess of any kind. CASE xxxiv. " I also had under my care an English officer, who left Calcutta in perfect health, and arrived in London completely impotent, after having suffered during two months from almost constant excit'ement, caused by the presence of a female on hoard ship. This state, so op- posed to that which had preceded it, continued for two years—the whole of this time not being marked by the least sign of virility. It is scarcely necessary to add that this state was produced by diurnal pollutions. " I related a case a few pages back, in which noc- turnal pollutions were caused by reading an obscene book; and I have seen a multitude of cases of this na- ture. From these I conclude, that in certain very ex- citable individuals, reading such works, the sight of voluptuous images, lascivious conversation, in a word, all things that can excite or keep up irritation in the sper- matic organs, are capable of producing the same effects as actual abuse, even when tho will is sufficiently power- ful to prevent the thoughts from leading to the acts. On the other hand, an abundant secretion of semen with importunate erections, irritation of the urethra and pro- state, always results under such circumstances, and those favor the occurrence of nocturnal and diurnal pol- lutions, as serious and perhaps more difficult of cure than those produoed by masturbation, because it is impossible to act directly on the memory or imagination. " It is not sufficient then to prevent all material action on the genital organs ; it is necessary also to prevent all erotic excitement of the senses and all concentration of the ideas on lascivious objects. Fortune's favors are so distributed, that numbers live in absolute indolence without being blamed by the world, because they de- mand nothing from any one. This inaction produces results, the only remedy for which that I am aware of, is daily fatigue of the body by various kinds of exer- cise." 241 CHAPTER XIII. EFFECTS OF ABUSES. The effects produced by the different kinds of abuse of which I have been treating, vary according to the age of the patient, his idiosyncrasy, and the different organs chiefly affected. I have laid particular stress on the causes which may lead to bad habits some time before puberty. I must now consider their effects during this period. " The symptoms arising from masturbation in the child, (says Lallemand), have been always hitherto confounded with those produced in the adult; they pre- sent certain distinctive characters, however, which re- quire our consideration. However young they may be, children lose flesh and become pale, irritable, morose and passionate; their sleep is short, disturbed and broken. They fall into a state of marasmus, and at length die, if not prevented from pursuing their course. Examples of suoh a termination are so well known that I forbear to quote them. "Analogous symptoms are shown in the adult—follow nearly the same course—and may lead to the same ter- mination ; but in infancy, more or less severe nervous symptoms are superadded, which are not fouud in those who commenced the practice after puberty, or which at least are not in the latter case manifested to the same extent ; such are spasms and partial or general convul- sions, celampsia, epilepsy and paralysis, accompanied with contraction of the limbs. These phenomena were present in all the children whose cases I have noticed, and numerous similar facts have been published by dif- ferent authors. Contractions of the limbs have been well investigated by Dr. Guerston, and he notices that they especially affect such children as are lank, un- healthy looking, nervous and worn out by bad habits. The following case is sufficiently remarkable:- - case xxxv. " In 1824^a woman brought her son, eight years old, to the hospital St. Eloi; he had lost the use of his lower 20* 242 extremities for some months. The limbs were fixed, drawn together, and all the muscles contracted. The child was extremely thin, and his intellect was much disturbed. Masturbation, the cause of all these dis- orders, had only been discovered by his mother a few weeks before she placed him under my care, but sho had used every means she could devise to prevent it without effect. After two or three trials I found that it was of no use trusting to the straight waistcoats and other means usually employed, and accordingly 1 determined to pass a gum-elastic catheter into the bladder, and to fix it so that the patient should be unable to withdraw it. The presence of the foreign body excited inflammation of the urethra, as I expected; when this occurred I withdrew the instrument, but replaced it as soon as the inflammation had subsided. I kept up in this manner a constant state of inflammation for a fortnight, which ren- dered the parts so painful that the child was unable to touch them. This treatment produced more decisive success than I had ventured to hope. Within eight days the lower extremities had regained sufficient strength and mobility to allow the child to get up; and in another fortnight he was able to run about the yards, 1 then sent him away, threatening him with a return of the same treatment if he relapsed. The pain caused by the catheter seemed to have removed all the other im- pressions, for his health continued good, and growth lollowed its ordinary course. "I have since employed the same means in many cases with just as much success, and I think it more sure than any other, because it is impossible to rely on the patient's will or on tho assiduity of those who are ap- pointed to watch over him. In children too it leaves an impression on the memory which is often sufficient to destroy the empire of habit and to prevent a return to the former manoeuvres. " But to resume the consideration of the symptoms observed in children: In childhood, seminal emissions are never experienced, but, nevertheless, the patients fall into a state of marasmus, to which some even suc- oumb. These effects, like those observed under tho same circumstances in the female, have induced some authors to leave out of their consideration the seminal 243 discharges which are produced by the same acts at a later period. They have attributed the debility, which follows all abundant discharges of semen, to the nervous excitement and convulsive motions which usually ac- company the discharge. "The accidents observed before puberty are evidently only due to the effects on the nervous system, and the same sensation accompany voluntary emissions after pu- berty ; it is natural to suppose that the nervous system plays as active a part then as in childhood. I willingly admit the importance of this nervous exhaustion in whatever manner it may be supposed to operate; and, supposing oven that its action on the economy is just as important as during childhood, (which is not the case, as I shall presently show). This is no reason why the actual discharges should not be taken into account, seeing that they greatly modify the character and con- sequences of the nervous disturbance. " I have already noticed that the symptoms produced by abuses during childhood, present a spasmodic cha- racter ; this character, without doubt, is derived from the predominance of the nervous system at that time, rendering children so alive to external impressions. This excessive sensibility also explains the great dis- order of the economy which children suffer from such manoeuvres. case xxxvi. " Dcslandes relates a case, showing that any action of the same kind may produce the same effects at this early age. He says, 'An observer worthy of credit, Dr. Nurambeau, has communicated to me the case of a child who procured himself similar sensations by drawing out the navel. His health became much disordered from the effects of this strange habit, which had such a power over him that coercive measures were required for its correction. It is worthy of remark that this patient showed neither erection nor any other phenomenon of the generative organs which at all referred to sexual intercourse. The organs of generation, therefore, had no influence in producing the sensations experienced by this child; but the repeated titilation of a very 244 sensitive part produced the same disorder as mastur- bation.' " It was proved in the debates on a recent criminal trial, that death may be caused by prolonged tickling of the sole of the foot. Nervous disorders, arising from such proceedings, may then be carried so far as to cause death, and from this may be imagined the effects of the multiplied convulsive shocks which irritable children produce, by acting on the most sensitive organs in the economy. Every excessive loss of semen also, even when unaccompanied by sensation, is followed by de- bility, and this may be carried so far as to cause death. I have related several such cases in the beginning of this work. " There exists, then, two distinct causes—nervous disturbance and debilitating discharges, and both these act at once when seminal emissions are produced by the influence of the will. It is not to be wondered at that both these causes should produce nearly the same symptoms, because they both weaken the economy. The action of the first on the nervous system is direct and immediate, and the symptoms that result from it are of a more spasmodic character. It is very easy to confound these two causes when they act simultane- ously ; but I have just shown that they can be con- sidered separately. The following reason shows the importance of so doing:— " Whenever we succeed in entirely putting a stop to the habits of abuse in children, we may make sure of obtaining their return to health, and that very quickly. This I have remarked in all the cases of children that have come under my care. I do not mean to infer that the disorder done to nutrition during the progess of develop- ment is easily repaired, but that the acute symptoms rapidly disappear, and that all the functions are quickly re-established. If the effects produced are active and serious they cease very rapidly, as soon as the cause is removed, and return to health becomes certain. Unfor- tunately matters do not follow so simple a course after puberty. " What I have just said respecting children, applies equally to females ; this is easily shown by examining the cases in which excision of the clitoris has been per- 245 formod for the cure of nymphomania. The state of these unfortunates must have been deplorable indeed, to justify the resort to such means; yet they recovered very rapidly. " Why in these two classes of cases, is the cure certain and the return to health rapid, as soon as the vice has been mastered 1 It is that the cause of the weakness immediately ceases to act on the economy. Why is it that so many men continue to waste away after they have entirely left off their habits of abuse 1 It is be- cause diurnal pollutions have commenced, which are even more debilitating than the abuses which gave rise to them. " Dr. Deslandesand many others have discovered that there is a great difference in the conditions of persons who have practiced masturbation for some time, and then renounced it; but they have not sought the expla- nation of this fact. It is, however, very important to know why some are cured rapidly and completely, while others continue to suffer and languish during the re- mainder of their lives. Tho symptoms experienced by the latter are those produced by diurnal pollutions. But if we inquire why some should be affected by diurnal pollutious while others are exempt, wo discover that we have been comparing two very different classes of pa- tients. The one class conquered their bad habits by the force of their will—the other class were compelled to renounce them by impotence. The former resisted their desires while they were yet active; they required much perseverance and moral energy in order to succeed. The latter only left off as they were less tempted—the pro- gressive disease in their erections being due to the pre- sence of undiscovered diurnal pollutions. " Such patients deceive themselves as to the cause of their changing their habits, and are astonished at not finding any benefit arise from such change. Some of them even remark to their medical attendants that it is after they have left off their malpractices, that their health has become altered. " All these circumstances, embarrassing at first sight, are easily explained on a little reflection. At first the genital organs are healthy ; the constitution is un- injured ; no seminal emissions occur except those that 246 are induced voluntarily, and the activity of the di- gestive organs permits a rapid repair of the losses. But as soon as irritation is set up in the spermatic organs, a large quantity of semen is secreted, and escapes every day, and several times a day, without the patient s knowledge. The digestion is disordered; the erections and voluptuous sensations diminish, because the semen is less porfectly formed; the provocations are, there- fore, weakened by degrees, and the patient renounces without difficulty habits which only inspire him with disgust. He wonders that his health still continues to grow worse, for he has not discovered that he passes daily, by often repeated evacuations, more semen than he formerly passed in a perceptible manner, and he does not take into account the difficulty felt by his economy of repairing these frequent discharges. We must not then confound those whose virility leaves them, with those whom the power of their will causes to recover, and we must not be surprised at seeing the alteration in the habits of eaoh followed by very different consequences. " In order to make the distinctive character of these two positions clear, I have laid stress on their most striking points. But there are numerous slight shades of distinction which I have not mentioned; for in- stance, in some cases the two classes of phenomenon occur successively in a very distinct manner, at very near periods. Many patients having corrected them- selves once, find their health promptly re-established. But when, after recovering their strength, they have relapsed into their former habits, on renouncing them a second time, they obtain no benefit. These different results, under apparent similar circumstances, can only be explained by the occurrence of diurnal pollutions in consequence of the return to habits of abuse. " Case 31 is a clear and perfect proof of the correct- ness of this explanation. The patient recovered twice after having twice conquered his passions; but the third time he only gave it up through disgust, and his health continued to deteriorate until cauterization ar- rested the diurnal pollutions from which he suffered. " There are many circumstances which interfere with the good resolutions of those addicted to masturbation. After a few days of pbsolute continence, attained with 247 much difficulty, they frequently suffer from nocturnal pollutions, the more frequent and the more abundant in proportion as the spermatic organs have been much ir- ritated; the patients always feel more debilitated by these involuntary discharges than by those which they previously excited. Instead of combating these pollu- tions by suitable means, or after having employed one or two plans unsuccessfully, they think they will be able to diminish the evil by recurring to their former habits at distant intorvals, and they thus relapse, increasing Btill more the irritation of the parts. Soon after diurnal Eollutions commence and rapidly produce their effects; ut as these are not discovered, the patients rejoice to find the nocturnal discharges gradually disappearing; but their health daily grows worse. This they cannot comprehend,"and are frequently led to imagine that they have mistaken the cause of their disorder." Many authors have noticed the indifference which persons, addicted to masturbation, show towards the op- posite^sex. This sentiment is, indeed, very common in those who have carried their abuses to a great extent; but I do not think it arises, as has been stated, from the long habit of solitary vice ; at all events, I can assign a more direct cause for this indifference, viz.: the relative impotence of the patients—I say, relative impotence, be- cause they possess sufficient power of erection to permit the practice of masturbation, but not enough to admit of sexual intercourse; and such patients seldom mani- fest any dislike to the opposite sex until they have ex- perienced several disappointments, the remembrance of which constantly haunts them. Their views change immediately that the diurnal pollutions which kept up this impotence are arrested. 248 CHAPTER XIV. EFFECTS OF TEMPERAMENT, IDIOSYNCRASY, fcC. The effects of abuses vary much in their characters and intensity, according to the individuals attacked. Some persons are uninjured by tho most unbridled abuses, even when long continued, whilst others are very quickly disordered by slight abuse. In this re- spect 1 have witnessed very opposite cases with every variety of intermediate degree. Temperament seems to have little influence in pro- ducing this inequality of resistance. Strength or feeble- ness of constitution is not of so much importance as might be supposed. The very unequal power of the enital organs affords the only satisfactory explanation. shall refer to this point more fully when treating of venereal excesses. Idiosyncrasy.—In the same individual, all the organs are not equally affected by abuse; this is shown by the frequent predominance of certain symptoms which give to the case a particular appearance, and are apt to lead to grave errors of diagnosis and treatment. I have re- lated many cases in which this occurred. The presence of special symptoms, wherever a generally debilitating cause acts on the economy, arises from inequality of development or of activity, existing in certain organs. I shall at present only consider tho direct and immediate action of abuses on the genital organs, so as to, show the mode in which they produce nocturnal and diurnal pol- lutions. 249 CHAPTER XV. URETHRAL DISCHARGES. Attacks of blennorrhagia (clap) are more frequent in persons addicted to masturbation than is generally supposed. Cases of this kind have frequently fallen under my notice. In the greater number of these pa- tients the discharge was small in quantity, viscid and nearly transparent, or very slightly colored. It scarcely differed in appearance from the prostatic secretion; bat in many patients the discharge was abundant, more or less colored, and attended with pain in the urethra, es- pecially during the passage of urine. Several suffered from all the symptoms of a contagious blennorrhagia. CASE XXXVII. " In others the same symptoms recurred two or three times, and in one patient the discharges re-appeared as many as five times, always from the same cause. It is worthy of notice that there existed a kind of intermittance in the habits of the last mentioned patients ; after having been moderate, or even quite continent for some time, they recommenced masturbation with fury, and the urethral discharges supervened on these relapses. Two of my other patients suffered from stricture of the ure- thra after one of these attacks of blennorrhagia, just as occurs after contagious blennorrhagia, and in one of these cases the stricture was very tight and very difficult of cure. " I should remark that I am now speaking of patients who had never had sexual intercourse, and that I leave out of the question such as had suffered from cutaneous affections, in which tho urethral mucous membrane might have participated. I must add that thirteen of such patients had not reached the ago of puberty when the discharges occurred. " These discharges, not having been excited by any virus, or by any constitutional disposition, must be re- ferred to the effects of masturbation. Many of them having occurred before the age of puberty, it is evident that they could not consist of semen. 21 250 CASE XXXVIII. PROSTATITIS. " Several of my patients suffered from retention of urine, after the most frightful abuses ; and it was neces- sary to relieve some of them with the catheter. In one patient an abscess formed in the prostate, aud discharged through tho pereneum. CYSTITIS. " I have related many cases of acute and chronic cys- titis, of which masturbation was the sole cause. EMISSIONS OF BLOOD. " Some of my patients had carried their passions so far as to provoke emissions of pure blood, or of semen mixed with blood. Authors contain many such cases, which show that the pathological condition of the ure- thra has extended itself to the lining of the seminal vesi- cles. Other patients suffered from more or less severe attacks of hematuria ; many experienced irritation of the bladder and kidneys, attended with an abundant secre- tion of blooey urine and constant desire to pass urine— sometimes even micturation was involuntary. Thus the inflammation or irritation caused by masturbation may, like that accompanying blennorrhagia, extend by de- grees, until it reaches the kidney. It will be easily be- Deved that the irritation does not extend in this direc- tion only. ORCHITIS. " I have seen several cases in which the patients suf- fered from acute attacks of orchitis, after furious mas- turbation ; and frequently such orchitis has required very active treatment for its relief. In one case the pa- tient had not reached puberty when this occurred. In many such cases no doubt accessory circumstances ex- isted, although tho patients attributed the development of the orchitis only to masturbation. Others more Blightly affected, experienced pain in the testicles and spermatic cords, accompanied with swelling of the epididymis. Others, again, suffered a painful sense of 251 tension ; they felt as if the testicles were held in a vice, or squeezed by a hand of iron. In many, the least con- tact of the parts with the clothes was insupportable, and the weignt of the tosticles caused very severe drag- ging pain. In all such cases the patients were obliged to wear suspensory bandages, and often to guard the testicles from Motion with cotton, wool, or swans'-down. " These symptoms which I have considered separately, generally occur together, and often form varying groups which present special appearances depending on the predominance of one of the symptoms. Sometimes the patients mention one circumstance only, because that one alone has attracted their attention; but when questioned, they recollect many others which appeared trifling by the side of the more serious one. It is also important to remark, that diurnal pollutions generally follow very soon after the appearance of these symp- toms, and that the patients are a long time without dis- covering them, and sometimes only detect them when taught what to expect. " The more ye reflect on these morbid phenomena and the course of tneir appearance, the more striking is the resemblance between the effects of excessive masturba- tion and those of blennorrhagia. I admit that the symptoms do not always present the characters of well- marked inflammation, but they at least show those of active irritation of the parts. It is easy enough to give a clear explanation of what passes in all cases of this kind, with perhaps some slignt shades of differ- ence. The testicles secrete more semen, which is im- perfectly formed ; the seminal vesicles participating in the state of irritation of the neighboring organs, do not easily bear its presence—they contract more readily, as they are more easily affected by external impressions. Hence it becomes -more and more difficult to avoid nocturnal pollutions. After a little time, diurnal pollu- tions occur and become more and more frequent and abundant; that is to say, there is a constant disposition in the seminal vesicles to contract spasmodically and expel their contents. " On the other hand, the semen, ill secreted by the testicles, and remaining a shorter time in its reservoirs, becomes thinnor and more watery ; and by degrees, as 252 it loses its physiological characters, it also loses its normal properties ; it becomes, therefore, unfit to pro- duce its effects on the seminal vosicles. The erections aro consequently less energetic and less lasting, and after a time incomplete and fleeting, whilst, in the end, in severe cases, they disappear altogether. Hence tho embarrassment and timidity of such patients in the company of females, and the fear they experieuce of finding themselves in a position to expose their impo- tence ; and hence their indifference and even aversion for the sex, and the constantly increasing difficulty they experience in changing their habits. Such abuses, then, because their effects remain long after the habits have been altered, bring on symptoms, of which the cause is unsuspected. This is the reason why the health of some continues to deteriorate, whilst that of others, are re-established as soon as they have renounced their malpractices. This is why tonics, aphrodisiacs, cold bathing, and iced drinks, produce effects so different from those expected. " There are undoubtedly cases,in whieh the spermatic organs are weakened and relaxed. I shall relato several instances of this in a future chapter ; but we shall then see that such a state arises from primary relaxation of habit and rather from want of use of tho organs, than from their abuse. " In concluding my remarks on the subject of mastur- bation, I may observe, that it is tho most dangerous of all vices of this nature, because it is the most difficult to discover and to prevent, and because it does not re- quire any assistance for its consummation. From the cases I have seen, I conclude that the irritation excited by such manoeuvres very easily induces involuntary dis- charges ; that the appearance of nocturnal pollutions in those who attempt to abandon the vice, often causes them to return to their former habits, and that the di- minution of virility which follows, far from favoring the patient's amendment, frequently hinders it by proving an obstacle to their having sexual intercourse, while it does not prevent them from continuing their bad prac- tices. This circumstance is a powerful cause of the dis- orders which attend such as are reduced to vicious habits." 253 CHAPTER XVI. EROTOMANIA AND SATYRIASIS. These affections are generally confounded together, yet the difference is very considerable, though their manifestations are similar. There is an unnatural sex- ual desire in both of them, which is often so unconsola- ble, that gratification is attempted at any sacrifice. They are produced by disease, as has been shown in the preceding Chapters of this work. Satyriasis is caused by a disease of the sexual organs, or the adjacent parts, which keep them in a constant irrita- tion, often so great as to prevent proper sleep and caus- ing the greatest uneasiness at all times, producing a most furious excitement; those which are most likely to pro- duce satyriasis are the piles, ascarides, bladder, and the urethra or prostate gland. Dr. Curling remarks, that " The irritation attending the morbid condition of the mucous membrane of the prostatic portions of the ure- thra, tends in a very material degree to excite both the excessive seminal discharge and the secretions of the prostate, and to produce that morbid craving for indul- gence and abuse which persons who have brought them- selves to this state find so difficult to repress and resist. " It is well known that any irritation at the orifice of an excretory duct usually acts as a stimulus to the se- cretion of the gland. Thus, hurtful matter in the duodenum produces a flow of bile ; and a foreign body in the conjunctiva, as an inverted eye-lash, a discharge of tears; so it is with the testes when irritation exists at the orifices of their excretory ducts. The disorder at this part, moreover, appears to react on the brain, and to become in part the cause of the patient's mind being constantly occupied with subjects of sexual excitement, and of his indifference and apathy to other matters; so that the local disease induced by abuse powerfully aids in perpetuating the mischief; and, judging from the experience which I have had in these cases, is the object to which our treatment should be first directed. " In all of these cases reasoning is of no use whatever; the cause must be removed or the disease will continue 21* 254 for the patient can no more control himself than he could if he was laboring^ under a diarrhoea or fever. " This is a truth, I fear, not sufficiently impressed on the minds of medical men. One would be loath to offer any apology for the vicious habits and indulgences to which, it is well known, old men are occasionally ad- dicted—a melancholy example of the kind, in the highor ranks of life, having latoly been brought under publio notice. I cannot but think, however, that, in many in- stances, these cases aro not undeserving of professional sympathy, and that the erotic longings—which some- times continue to distress the aged long after the period at which, in the course of nature, they should have ceased—depend as much on physical infirmity as mental depravity, the former inciting and producing the morbid desires. If theso propensities were regarded and treated as symptoms of disease, (and that they frequently occur in connection with affection of the urinary passage, is well known to practical surgeons), I believe they would often subside, and tho distressing results to which they lead would be altogether avoided." Erotomania differs from satyriasis as respects the seat of the disease, as the former is in the brain and not in the genitals directly, for they are only affected in a secondary manner. Dr. Copeland is very clear in his distinction of the two diseases; but I will here say, nymphomania, to which he refers, is tho samo disease in the female as satyriasis in the male. He says, " Erotomania—Monomanie erotique of Esquirol, is characterized by an excessive love of some object, real or imaginary. It is a mental affection in which amorous ideas are as fixed and dominant as religious ideas are in religious momomania or melancholia. Erotomania is very different from satyriasis and nymphomania. In the latter the mischief is in the reproductive organs; in the former it is in the mind. The one is a physical, the other a moral disorder. " Erotomania is the result of an excited imagination, unrestrained by the powers of the understanding; sa- tyriasis and nymphomania proceed from the local irri- tation of the sexual organs, reacting upon the brain, and exciting the passions beyond the restraints of rea- 255 son. In the former, there is noither indecency nor the want of chastity ; in the latter, there is unrestrained expressions of sexual desire and excitement. The one is commonly caused by ungratifled or disappointed affec- tion excited in a virtuous mind ; the other, by inordi- nate irritation or indulgence of the sexual passion. " In erotomania, the eyes are bright, the manner and expressions tender and passionate, and the actions free, without passing the limits of decency. Self and selfish interests are all forgotten in the devotion paid, often in secret, to the object of the mind's adoration. A state of ecstasy often occurs in the contemplation of the per- fections which the imagination attaches to the sub- ject of its admiration. The bodily functions languish during this state of moral disorder; the countenance becomes pale and depressed ; the features shrunk; the body emaciated ; the temper unquiet and irritable; and the mind agitated and despairing. The ideas con- tinually revert to the loved and desired object; and op- position or endeavors to turn them in a different direc- tion only render them more concentrated and determined in their devotion. At last, parents and fortune are abandoned, social ties broken asunder, and the most painful difficulties are oncountered, in order to obtain - the object of admiration. " In some cases the attempts made by the patient to conceal and overcome this affection, occasion a state of irritative fever, with sadness, depression, loss of appe- tite, emaciation, &c, which has not inappropriately been termed by Lorrey, Erotic Fever, and which, after continuing an intennediate period, may even terminate fatally. " When a young person becomes sad, absent in mind, pale and emaciated, sighs freqnently, sheds tears without any obvious reason, is incapable of any mental or bodily exertion, scarcely 6peaks to any one, loses ap- petite, &c, it is sufficiently evident that the mind is inordinately possessed by some desired object. If a strong effort be not made to dispossess it of the pre- dominant sentiments, or if the object of desire be not obtained, the symptoms become still more distressing. The corporeal functions languish, the eyes sink, the pulse becomes weak and irregular, and the nights dis- 256 turbed and sleepless. At last a form of slow hectio is produced, and the weaker organs, especially the luugs and heart, are the seat of slowly-produced disease ; the whole frame is blighted, and the patient sinks from the injurious influence of the mental affection on the vital organs. " This form of moral disorder may increase, and affect the iutelloct in a much more serious manuer, until general insanity or mania is developed; and, with the progress of time, it may at last terminate in de- mentia or incoherent insanity. In each of these, the primary character of the disorder, or the original moral affection, will still continue to be manifested by the frequent suggestion of the same train of ideas, or re- currence to the object of devotion." I need not impress the importance of the solection of a proper physician in all of the cases, which I have so fully treated on, in the foregoing pages, for I think the facts therein presented, and the immense deal of suffer- ing and fatality, which has and still is caused by the physicians not understanding the proper treatment— from the lack of the necessary practice—will put all who are unfortunately afflicted, or who have any friends or relatives in such a position, on their proper guard, and where the most worthy among so great a number—say- ing nothing of their fitness to be employed—can be found. CHAPTER XVII. THE INFLUENCE WHICH DIFFERENT ARTICLES HAVB— MEDICINES AND OTHERS—IN PRODUCING AND CURING SPERMATORRHEA AND IMPOTENCE. There arc not many medicinal substances that act di- rectly on the genital organs; some of those that do so, are beneficial, and some of them highly injurious. From the immense deal of imposition practiced both by the quacks and regular practitioners, I have concluded to present a few remarks and extracts, that others may es- 257 cape their base productions, and thus save the conse- quent injury that their use would be sure to cause. There has always been an ignorant notion existing among the people generally, that physicians wore ac- quainted with tho secret specification of certain medi- cines on tho generative functions, which would arouse a sexual ardor under almost any circumstances, and in or- der to play upon the credulity of the public, and at tho same time better their pecuniary circumstances, have originated the various cordials, elixirs, stimulants, &c , which aro so much advertised, in order to attract the attention of thoso who aro troubled with emissions, sem- inal weakness, impotency and sterility. None of them are, in the slightest degree, capable of performing what is promised of them. It is only very recent that a discovery has been made of certain drugs which will produce the most astonishing beneficial action, in those cases suffering from loss of power, yet each individual case requires its being ad- ministered with a skillful hand, after a full statement of the case has been presented, and it is to be hoped the knowledge of the ingredients will be kopt from those char- latans who only know how to prescribe for all alike, notwithstanding the differences presented in almost every case. Purgatives are thought by almost everybody to act only upon the bowels, but instead of that, as I have al- ready shown, irritation from spasmodic contractions of the rectum extends to the seminal vesicles, and produce just as great and distressing diurnal pollutions as those which arise from mechanical compression of the same organs ; so that of ascarides, diarrhoea, &c, produce emissions, they as a matter of course will be caused by drastic purgatives, because they act chiefly by irri- tating the large intestine, and which bring on in the rectum and neighboring parts a more permanent state of irritation, aud consequently excite an unnatural flow of urine by irritating tho bladder. Now, the spermatic ducts and prostate gland are close to tho rectum, and aro just as much affected as the bladder—which is one reason why patients are injured instead of being benefit- ted by using such a mode of treatment—because they are costive, which they generally are. I have had a great 258 many patients from physicians who so foolishly adopted such treatment, in a worse state than they were before they visited them. NARCOTICS. I have often been obliged to prohibit patients the use of tobacco, liquor, coffee and tea, and as evidence that other surgeons also have found some or all of them in- jurious I will here insert some of their remarks. Coffee—M. Lallemand says, affects the cerebro-spinal system, and that attention has not been paid to its ac- tion on other organs. Taken in moderate quantities, it excites the bladder and kidneys, incroases the secretion of urine, and renders its discharge more frequent. It acts in tho same manner on the spermatic organs, aug- ments the veneroal desires, favors erections, and accele- rates ejaculation. Taken in excess, however, it pro- duces injurious effects. Tea.—M. Lallemand is supported in his views of the action of tea by Dr. McDougal, and is satisfied its ef- fects are vory similar to coffee. He further says, there are many other agents besides those he has mentioned, which excite or increase involuntary seminal discharges. Tobacco.—This article produces similar effects on a great many persons to opium and other narcotics. At first they often stimulate, but afterwards they weaken the sexual organs, so much so as to cause complete impo- tency. This no doubt is caused by the relaxation of the ejaculatory ducts. In the thirteenth Annual Report of the Massachusetts State Lunatic Asylum, there are excellent remarks on tobacco, which I cannot refrain from inserting. After the remarks on the injurious effects of alcohol it goes on to say,— " Alcohol is not the only narcotic which thus affects the brain and nervous sj'stem. Opium produoes delirium tremens, and probably insanity. Tobacco is a powerful narcotic agent, and its use is very deleterious to the nervous system, producing tremors, vertigo, faintness, palpitation of the heart, and other serious diseases. That tobaceo certainly produces insanity, I am not able positively to observe; but that it produces a prcdispo- 259 sition to it, I am fully confident. Its influence on the brain and nervous system generally, is hardly less ob- vious than that of alcohol, and, if used excessively, is equally injurious. The young are particularly suscepti- ble to the influence of these narcotics. If a young man becomes intemperate before he is twenty years of age, he rarely lives to thirty. If a young man uses tobacco while the system is greatly susceptible to its influence, he will not be likely to escape injurious effects that will be developed sooner or later, and both diminish the en- joyments of lifo and shorten its period. " The very general use of tobacco among young men at the presont day is alarming, and shows the ignorance and devotion of the devotees of this dangerous practice to one of the most virulent poisons of the vegetable world. The testimony of medical men, of the most re- spectable character, could be quoted to any extent to sustain these views of the deleterious influence of this dangerous narcotic. ''Dr. Rush says of tobacco, ' It impairs the appetite, produces dyspepsia, tremors, vertigo, headache and epilepsy. It injures the voice, destroys the teeth, and imparts to the complexion a disagreeable, dusky brown.' " Dr. Boerhave says, that, ' Since the use of tobacco has been so general in Europe, the number of hypo- chondrical and consumptive complaints have increased by its use.' " Dr. Cullen says, '■ I have known a small quantity snuffed up the nose to produce giddiness, stupor and vomiting. There are many instances of its more vio- lent effects, even of its proving a mortal poison.' " Dr. Darwin says, ' It produces disease of the sali- vary glands and the pancreas, and injures the power of digestion by occasioning the person to spit off the saliva which he ought to swallow.' " Dr. Tissott once saw the smoking of it prove fatal. CASE xxxix. " Dr. Pilchcr details the particulars of a case of a medical student whom he had been requested to see. 'This gentleman suffered under all the symptoms of phthisis. There was mucopurulent expectoration, 260 night sweats, &c. The mucous membrane of the throat, epiglottis, and the neighboring parts, were coat- ed with a brown fur. The patient had been an im- moderate snuff-taker; he was told to discontinue tho snuff—he did so, and recovered.' CASE XL. " Dr. Chapman says, ' By a member of Congress from the west, in the meridian of life, and of a vety stout frame, I was some time since consulted. He told me, that from having been one of the most healthy and fear- less of men he had become sick all over and timid as a girl. He could not even present a petition to Congress, much less say a word concerning it, though he had long been a practicing lawyer, and served much in legisla- tive bodies. By any ordinary noise he was startled or thrown into tremulousness, and afraid to be alone at night. His appetite and digestion were gone ; he had painful sensations at the pit of tho stomach, and unre- lenting constipated bowels. During the narrative of his suffering, his aspect approached the haggard wild- ness of mental distempcrature. On inquiry, 1 found that his consumption of tobacco was almost incredible, by chewing, snuffing and smoking. Being satisfied that all hi3 misery arose from this poisonous weed, its use was discontinued, and in a few weeks he entirely recovered. ' CASES XLI AND XLII. " Distressing as was this case, I have seen others, from the same cause even more deplorable. Two young men were in succession brought to me for advice, whom I found in a state of insanity, very much resembling de- lirium tremens. Each had chewed and smoked to- bacco to excess, though perfectly temperate as regarded drink. The further account given me was, ' that in early life adopting this bad practice, it grew with their growth. Dyspepsia soon occurred, attended by great derangement of the nervous system, and ultimately the mania, I have mentioned; but I have also seen the same condition very speedily induced.' 261 " Dr. Franklin says, ' He never nsed it, and never met with a man who did uso it that advised him to fol- low his example.' " The venerable John Quincy Adams, in a recent lotter on the subject, says, that in early life he used tobacco, but for moro than thirty years ne had discon- tinued the practice. ' I have often wished,' says he, ' that every individual of the human race, affected with this artificial passion, would prevail upon himself to try but for three months, the experiment which I have made, and I am sure it would turn every acre of to- bacco-land into a wheat-field, and add five years to the average of human life.' " Some cases have come under my observation which show the injurious effects of tobacco where no evil was suspected. CASE XLIII. "A respectable merchant, who abstained wholly from ardent spirits, applied to me for advice. He com- plained of great weakness, tremor of the limbs and joints, with lassitude, general prostration of health, and depression of spirits. Knowing that he used tobacco freely, I advised him to discontinue it entirely ; he soon became better, and after a time wa3 wholly relieved from these disagreeable symptoms. CASE XLIV. " A distinguished clergyman informed me that he had been an extravagant snuff-taker; that for years he had a disagreeable affection of the head, and his health was not good. He did not attribute either to the use of snuff, but thinking it a filthy habit and a growing evil, he resolved to leave it off. He was surprised to find that the difficulty in his head almost immediately left him, and his general health became quite good. CASE XLV. " A gentleman of athletic frame, and about twenty- four years of ago, applied to me for advice. He com- plained of insufferable faintness and distress of stomach, 22 262 morning sickness, vomiting, trembling, and prostration of strength. He diminished his tobacco considerably, and was immediately better, but had not resolution to abandon the pernicious practice. " In our experience in the Hospital, tobacco in all its forms is injurious to the insane. It increases excitement of the nervous system in many case3, deranges the stom- ach, and produces vertigo, tremors, and stupor in others. It is difficult to control its use with tho insane, and although considerable Buffering comes from its en- tire abandonment, it cannot be generally allowed with safety CASE XLVI. " One patient, while at labor, found a quantity of to- bacco, and hid it in his bed. He used it freely, became sick, lost his appetite, and confined himself to his bed, completely intoxicated. After some days, diligent search was made, and a store of tobacco was found in his straw bed; when this was removed he almost imme- diately recovered, and in a few days he was as well as before. CASE XLVII. " A person who came into the Hospital a furious ma- niac, soon became calm, and improved favorably. He labored in the field with propriety, and exhibited every indication of a favorable convalescence. Suddenly with- out any apparent cause, he again became very violent and insane. It was soon discovered that he had in some way obtained tobacco. After he ceased to use it, he again became calm and convalescent. CASE XLVIII. " An aged lady was brought to us very insane. The practice of her friends for some time, had been to give her ardent spirits to intoxicate her at night, and tobao- 00 and snuff, in unlimited quantity, for the day. AH these were withdrawn at once; her sufferings for some days were great, but after a time, she became calm, and got better as soon as the influence of this excitement was over. 263 " It is very natural to suppose that an article possess- ing the active properties of this fascinating narcotio, should produce most deleterious effects .upon health— particularly upon the brain and nervous system. " The uninitiated cannot smoke a cigar or use tobacco in any form, without unpleasant effects—how then can it be possible that a poison so active oan be used with impunity 1 The stomach and brain, subjected to such influences, will become diseased, and show their effects as certainly as if alcohol were used. " If asked my medical opinion, which was safest, four glasses of wine or four quids of tobacco, daily 1 I should say, unhesitatingly, the wine. Of the two evils, this would, in my opinion, be the least. Tobacco is the strongest, most dangerous narcotic—the habit of its use is the strongest and most difficult to overcome, and the influence felt from it most baneful and destructive to health." Opium, of course, is much worse than tobacco, as the exhaustion it produces is not so readily recovered from, for if its use once cause impotency, it is quite doubtful if he can be restored to his former powers. 1 will close this article by quoting what M. Lallemand says, in a number of his cases, on its effects in decreasing and otherwise affecting the sexual desires. 1 very often have patients affected in the same way. CASE XLIX. " I have a young man of very nervous temperament at present under my care, in whom nocturnal and di- urnal pollutions have brought on pain in the loins,, pal- pitation, difficulty of breathing, &c., symptoms which were supposed to arise from disease of the spinal cord, cardiac affection and commencing phthisis. Among the exciting causes of these involuntary discharges, the effects of smoking occupy the chief place. The follow- ing is the patient's statement:— " ' At twenty years of age I wished to accustom my- self to smoking; but a day never passed without my ex- periencing complete intoxication, attended with vomit- ing, vertigo, and trembling of the limbs. I continued the habit, however, and I soon began to perceive that 264 my sight became weak, and that I lost my memory; my hands shook, and my digestion became much dis- ordered. I noticed also great debility of the genital organs; my orections ceased; and at the ago of twenty- two 1 found myself completely impotent.' " This patient had rarely practiced masturbation, and had never committed any excess when he first began to smoke; his health had previously been excellent. It is, therefore, evident, that tho impotence as well as tho other symptoms, arose from tobacco. Impotence at the age of twenty-two can only be produced by involuntary seminal discharges, provided there be no physical disa- bility. In the present case, there was no doubt on the point, the patient himself having discovered diurnal and nocturnal pollutions. - " The action of tobacco on those who smoke for the first time, is too well known to require description ; morb or less disorder of all the functions, varying according to the constitution of the individual, invariably arises from it: and this disorder always presents more or less of the characteristics of poisoning by narcotics. These effects go off by degrees, as the patient beoomes habitu- ated to the use of tobacco, and generally after a time cease to be manifested at all. Some nervous and ex- oitable individuals are unable to accustom themselves to the habit, as in the case just mentioned; in others, again, smoking becomes an artificial habit, which in many cases is almost a necessity. " But this empire of custom has its limits, beyond which the narcotic influence re-appears. In such as are not easily affected, this acquired habit is generally sup- ported with impunity ; but even then, if it be indulged in to excess, it must after a time be injurious. Thus it is that the most accomplished smokers often experience vertigo, cephalagia, anorexia, &c, when they have, re- mained long in an atmosphere densely filled with smoke, whioh is then drawn into the lungs, and probably pro- duces worse effects than when merely drawn into the mouth, or swallowed, as in smoking. " In a word then, if the power of habit can prevent the momentary effects of smoking from showing themselves, the frequent repetition of the use of tobacco produces more lasting effects on different organs. Disorder of the 265 digestive organs is well-known as occurring in inveterate smokers—that of the genital organs has not hitherto been noticed." , Dr. McDonald says, that " Many inveterate smokers among his professional friends have mentioned to him the diminution of their veneral desires, as one of the effects of tobacco." CANTHARIDES. The application of a blister on a particular part of the body will not only increase involuntary seminal dis- charges, but will cause them. Cantharides will do this, whether used as a blister or administered as an internal remedy, because it will cause an inflammation of the bladder and the contiguous parts of the body to such an extent as to prevent the passage of the urine. _ This is the reason that physicians have administered this drug in cases of seminal discharges and impotency, supposing them to be caused from atony or a relaxation of the genital organs. But of the hundreds that have come to me, after its use, not one had received the slightest bene- fit ; but, on the other hand, had been injured to such an extent as to be troubled with a constant bearing down and other pains in the region of the bladder, obliging them to pass urine (in one bad case,) as often as ninety times within the twenty-four hours. Many patients re- ceived an increase of all their symptoms, and impotence taking the place of the weakness of the genitals. In- jecting the urethra produces the same result. If a physician does not understand the nature .of a dis- ease, I am surprised that he would have even the re- motest idea of undertaking to cure it, much more doing so, for if they did understand it, they would not use cantharides, for instead, as they suppose, no doubt, of the disease—Emissions—being caused by a weakness of the organs, they are produced by irritation, and will in- crease instead of being removed, unless that irritation and cause is removed, which can never be done by this nor any other medicines ; yet, see patients every day that have been under the care of physicians, or used all of the remedies which are so much lauded m the papers as being the only cure. 266 The public have long labored under the great error of •apposing cantharides would create or restore power to the genital organs, and a desire for sexual gratification, to an extent that would satisfy the purposes not only of those who really needed something of the kind ; but it has been given for base purposes hi many a case, I have no doubt. Many a female case has been presented to me of great sufferings, caused by its use. There has been very recent discoveries of harmless medicines, which are surprisingly effective in cases of impotency, sterility, and weakness of the generative system ; but I administer it, of course, in accordance to the peculiarities of each case. CAMPHOR. This is a good antidote for the injurious conse- quences of the use of cantharides ; but its use for the oure of spermatorrhoea often causes injury. CASE L. As an instance of its injurious effects, M. Lallemand says, " One of his patients who put camphor between the prepuce and glans penis, suffered so much from di- urnal pollution as to endanger his life." It is a drug which quacks use, and I have found in a great many patients, after having used their remedies, an augmentation instead of diminution of their symp- toms NITRATE OF POTASS. I consider this almost as injurious and dangerous as cantharides; but notwithstanding all its injurious effects, almost all doctors, and nearly every quack remedy, especially for the cure of gonorrhoea, gleet, &c, in- corporate it with their other drugs. In the inflamma- tory stage of these diseases it is supposed to have a sedative effect. It is considered a diuretic, because it increases the flow of urine, thereby stimulating the kidneys. But if it would stop there it would not cause so much harm, for it produces hematuria, pain, and in- 267 flammation of the bladder, consequently swelled tes- ticles, and increase of, or will originate an inflammation of the urethra and prostate gland. As further proof of its injurious effects I will insert a case mentioned by M. Lallemand i— CASE LI. " A merchant of Genes, wishing to take a purgative, sent to a druggist for an ounce of sulphate of mag- nesia. By mistake an ounce of nitrate of potass was returned by the messenger and taken. Violent inflam- mation of the urinary passages, accompanied with a dis- charge resembling blennorrhagia (clap) resulted, swell- ing took place in about the centre of the urethra, and when the acute stage of inflammation had passed off, a oircumscribed induration, which obstructed the dis- charge of urine, remained. Twenty years afterwards the patient still suffered from this obstruction, for the formation of which there had been no other cause than the inflammation produced by the nitrate of potass. The patient had never had blennorrhagia, either before " It appears then the nitrate of potass acts as a stimu- lant of the whole urinary apparatus ; and it is at least probable that it produces the same effect on the sper- matic organs. I am led to this opinion partly by an- alogy, but chiefly because more than forty of the pa- tients whom I have treated for involuntary seminal dis- charges, had taken nitrate of potass in some form or other; and all, without exception, found themselves worse afterwards. Many of them also observed the same effects from preparation of squill, and, in fact, ir after, and had never suffered any injury of the part. ill other diuretics." ERGOT OF RYE. This article is generally used by physicians to expe- lite delivery in females, by increasing the action of tho vomb. It also acts as a stimulant to the male genitals* by creating an inflammation of them, which of.course produces seminal emissions. It is a dangerous and highly injurious drug. • 268 PHOSPHORUS. This is the most dangerous of all the articles I have Vet mentioned, and therefore should never be thought of for a moment, especially by those who are not per- fectly well acquainted with its action. Its effects are similar to cantharides, only a great deal more energetic, which renders it so much more dangerous, for its inju- ries are not easily recovered from. IRON. There are various preparations of this mineral, which have been and stSl are used by a great many physicians in the treatment of spermatorrhoea. In what respect they consider it beneficial, I do not know, unless as a tonic ; that is what it is given for, no doubt. As a tonic for the system, it is useful in the proper cases, but as to any special benefits, or any particular influence di- rectly on the genital organs it possesses, I think is very indefinite and unsatisfactory indeed. Almost every pa- tient who comes to consult me, after having been under previous treatment, has used one or the other of its dif- ferent preparations. CHAPTER XVIII. THE MECHANICAL MEANS ADOPTED FOR THE PREVEN- TION OF SEMINAL EMISSIONS. The reader will have noticed what some of my pa- tients experienced, by compressing the urethra at dif- ferent places, from in front of the testicles, back as far as the anus, for the purpose of preventing an erection of the penis and the semen from being ejected. I have also copied cases from M. Lallemand, where the same means bad been used by his patients. Fournier and Begin 1)oth had patients who had adopted the same means to prevent the semen from escaping, thereby, as 269 they thought, effecting a cure. The different means adopted to attain this end, I will now mention. CASE LI I. A few years ago I had a patient, aged about thirty, who had, among the rest of his numerous successful remedies, adopted this one, and for a long time he sup- posed he had rid himself entirely of the harassing and dreaded nocturnal pollutions. At night, on going to bed, he would wind a piece of tape losely around the penis while it was in its natural state. This would cause pain, when the penis became erect during the night—which it did at that time when an emission took place—and wake him from his sleep. For a long time he did not see any semen escape from the urethra, and he flattered himself—though he had grown weaker and thinner—he had hit upon a very simple but sure cure. One morning, however, he discovered in the bottom of the vessel a thick mattery substance, which led him to examine the urethra, when he discovered What he was satisfied was semen, gradually oozing out, after he had passed urine. By examining the urethra after stool, he discovered the same thing, and, as his erections had ceased for some time, as well as all feelings, of venereal excitement, he knew the semen was gradually escaping almost constantly. The physicians he had before con- sulted, not benefiting him in the least up to the time he applied his own remedy, he very wisely came to the conclusion not again to put himself under their charge. This was his situation when he applied to me. In a few weeks I cured him of his pollutions, and in a year after, he was a married man, in all the enjoyment of good health. A great many of my patients have adopted different means for the attainment of the same object—that is, the escape of semen. Some have applied pressure on the pereneum by means of a pad; some have placed grooved pieces of wood on each side of the penis, with tape wound around it; others again have procured rings to fit the penis; but the result in every case has been to cause the semen to flow into the bladder instead of out, through the urethra, which would not 270 have caused half as much injury as resulted from the former. In Case 37 of M. Lallemand's work, the patient rup- tured the urethra by compressing it to prevent the dis- charge of semen, and which was followed the following day by a discharge resembling a gonorrhoea, and which he only succeeded in curing by cauterizing the canal. In this case this one compression created so much irrita- tion as to immediately cause involuntary emissions. The strangulation or compression of the urethra causes so much irritation at the orifi~.es of the seminal ducts that it produces an inflammation in that part of tho canal which extends itself either way, and, finally, if the practice is continued for only a short timo even, will cause a stricture, (and in some cases I have found as many as three in different parts of the canal which were irritable and otherwise very bad), in addition to the diurnal pollutions, an inflammation of the prostate gland. CASE LIII. • In one of my cases, a man of about forty years of ago, was so severe that it ulcerated and endangered his life. The bladder is sure to become involved also, as will be seen, when you oonsider the amount of the for- eign substance that is being constantly thrown into it. The inflammation of the bladder, in these cases, is often of the severest nature, and sometimes requires a long time, with the most energetic treatment, to restore it to its natural state. Every human being, with an intellect sufficient to enable them to distinguish between right and wrong, will at once brand those who continue to use such mechani- cal treatment, in defiance, and regardless of such unde- niable proofs, of the certain injury to those persons who may be so unfortunate as to accidentally adopt their mode of treatment, as arrant knaves and impostors, or ignoramuses, that would do mankind a better turn by street-sweeping than the practice of an honorable pro- fession. Such, however, I am sorry to say, are base enough to advertise appliances of the above description, as great inventions, and the only thing that is capable 271 of effecting a cure. One impostor, to more easily mis- lead the ignorant, says, " the medical faculties in Eu- rope use them." The assertion is a base falsehood; the public will rightly judge such a character. When any person is so unscrupulous as to say, that there is no one else but himself capable of effecting a cure, of whatever complaint he may mention, it seems to me the public would be unanimous in condemning him as an impostor, for no one but a knave would have the effrontery to arrogate to himself such superiority over all others. There is a falsehood on the very face of all such declarations, which humanity at this en- lightened day should be able at once to discover. The treatment, remedies, of all suoh persons, cause a thou- sand times more injury than the disease itself, as I think these pages sufficiently prove. M. Lallemand says, " An ti-venereal treatment is frequently also employed for patients who have suffered merely from blennorrhagia, and in a very numerous class of cases it produces a serious increase of the irrita- tion in tho genital organs, and causes the appearance or exasperates the effects of involuntary spermatic dis- charges." Cases of this nature often present consider- able difficulties of diagnosis; and the solution of these obscurities is always of much importance in determining the treatment to be followed. Anti-venereals are not the only therapeutic agents which produce such unfortunate effects ; those which 9 blind routine of practice employs in cases of blennorr- hagia have not been less injurious. Among these it is especially necessary for me to mention astringent in- jections, copaiba, cubebs, tonics, and bitters, employed too soon, or in extreme doses. All these means act more or less by exciting the genito-urinary organs; it is, therefore, easy to understand that their untimely or immoderate use must favor an extension of the inflam- mation from the urethra to the mucous membranes, which are continuous with it. " Lastly, spermatorrhoea is often* made worse by the very means employed for its removal, and among these may be ranked cold baths, ice, tonics, bitters, sulphur- baths, &c. "The further we advanee the more plainly we shall 272 see how necessary it is for the different forms of sper- matorrhoea to be described as simple affections—how necessary it is to regard them in all tneir aspects, and to take account of all tho circumstances which assist in producing them. In practice wo find it indispensable to weigh well all the points connected with a case of sper- matorrhoea, before deciding on any diagnosis, prognosis, or especially on our treatment." CHAPTER XIX. NYMPHOMANIA PRODUCTIVE OF MONOMANIA AND CRIME- MASTURBATION PRACTICED BY FEMALES—REMARKS SHOWING ITS DREADFUL EFFECTS ON THE CON- STITUTION. CASE LTV. The following extraordinary case of Nymphomania was related to me by one of the most prominent phy- sicians of this city:— Miss----, of a wealthy and highly respectable family, residing in one of the thousand-palaces of----avenue, attracted my attention while engaged in my professional attentions to a member of the family, by marked respect at first; soon, however, her manner changed to sociable familiarity. Yet I only regarded this as a clever display of a brilliant mind, highly educated. Subsequently, the pathetic execution of several love songs, sung to me while, apparently by accident, alone with her, led mo to observe her conduct narrowly, which tho lingering ill- ness of my patient gave me ample opportunity to do. By closely scrutinizing her conduct, I discovered every possible means resorted to, to secure my company and attention. Thus, from day to day I observed the de- velopment of criminal passions, in this beautiful crea- ture. The slightest accident soon directed my atten- tion to the real cause, not until, however, after frequent and extravagant demonstrations of a criminal passion, y^- ^>! t a. *m 273 heated by an ardent temperament, perpetrated the warmest and most eloquent declaration of love. The affair now assumed an alarming aspect. I being her senior and a married man, I reasoned, remonstrated, threatened to disclose the whole conduct to her parents, which only fanned the passions to a blaze. The accidental discovery of the cause occurred in this way :—In going to my patient's sick-room I passed, one warm evening, the bath-room, the door of which stood ajar; a glance revealed the secret of this strange con- duct. I saw this poor creature sitting in a bath, which her mother told me that she too frequently used as a cold Bitting-bath, asking my opinion of the propriety. I observed, after the bath, her conduct was invariably modest. The cause of this strange conduct then was inflammation and excessive irritation of the genital organs. After a consultation with the parents, I explained to her, her situation, which I was always compelled to do, immediately after the cold hip-bath, to prevent the immodest conduct of the absolutely insane young lady. This then, sir, is tho case for which I wrote you the note asking your plan of treatment, which, I am happy to acknowledge, speedily restored my unfortunate patient to perfect health, and who is so grateful to you, as I deemed it my duty to tell her confidentially that you was the savior of her virtue, of her health, and of her happiness. She begs you will accept the accompanying $ 100 note, with the wish that you will give her the opportunity to make her personal acknowledgments. Yours, truly, M. D., Bleecker st, N. Y. New York, June 11, '52. Dr. Larmont: Dear Sir,—In answer to your request of the publi- cation in your popular work, of the interesting case of nymphomania, for which I consulted you, I am happy to iuform you that the young lady feels so greatly in- debted, that for the sake of humanity and in considera- tion of your invaluable services, she cheerfully consents to your request. 274 It is not necessary, of course, to ask to conceal every- thing that would lead to suspicion who our patient is, as the delicacy of a charming, talented and admired young lady, would suffer the deepest mortification, al- though her conduct was the direct consequence of phy- sical disease. Accept my kindest regards, Yours, truly, ' M. D., Bleecker St., N. Y. This case is one only of a number which has passed under my own knowledge. The complaint produced what we might call a species of monomania. Whether the ardent temperament! an over-healthy or very vigo- rous constitution! ascarides or worms in the rectum! or masturbation, is the cause, the result is the same. Such—yes, many cases like this, do exist, and parents and guardians should be able to obviate a criminal result, by arranging a proper marriage; or, if pro- duced by any foreign excitant, as masturbation, or the troublesome and tormenting little worms, the experi- enced physician in the cure of these complaints, should bo consulted, without a day's delay. By adopting these timely remedies, they may not only save their child or relative from an ignominious and horrible end, but themselves from everlasting disgrace. Onanism particularly exists among females; and that too, to a very alarming extent. It is scarcely pos- sible for an unprofessional person to conceive the long train of ills it produces. It is a knowledge of this fact, as I have stated in the preface to this work, that induced me to present to the world truths which will serve as a saving monitor to the unsuspecting of both sexes. We address these few pages to mothers and guardians, with the two-fold view of furnishing them with the means of preserving the morals of their daughters, and of sparing them the pain and sorrow of seeing them wither and perish at an age when they ought to be the ornament of their domestic circle, and enjoy health and happiness. This life-destroying habit, will enable pa- rents and guardians of youth, to recognize by number- less symptoms, the gradual disease which is hurrying 275 them to the tomb.; and I must reiterate a previous asser- tion, that I cannot but hope this work will be the means of saving many from a lingering suicide. Let every mother, father, and guardian, therefore, read this work, and they can learn from it, whether their children or oharges are safe from this vice, or have strayed from the paths of health and chastity. Have yoti ever seen a lovely flower, when the least breath would scatter its leaves to the winds of heaven, ind yet retain its original loveliness 1 Such a flower is the innocent child which is on a brink so perilous, that, unless warned at once, is sure to perish and leave sor- rowing relatives to mourn its loss. Health and beauty are not the only blessings to be pre- served ! AH moral feeling, all proper sentiments, the happiest gift of intellect, and every hope of happiness will surely be destroyed. Those individuals who yield themselves up to the en- joyment of solitary pleasure, to secret pernicious habits, soon exhibit more or less the symptoms of tabes dorsalis —a species of consumption. At first they are not trou- bled with fever; and, although they may still preserve their appetite, their bodies waste away; walking par- ticularly wearies them and produces profuse perspira- tion, headache, ringing in the ears, derangement of the nerves and brain, and terminating with stupidity. Tho stomach becomes deranged, the patient is pale, dull and indolent; their eyes are hollowed, their bodies thin, their legs can no longer sustain them; they are totally unhinged, incapable of any exertion, and in many cases attacked with palsy. The weakness and constitutional injury thus produced are the reasons why such patients bear less easily those diseases which all aro subject to. The chest particularly becomes affected, indigestion comes on, the most robust girls are soon rendered weak ; and sometimes a slow fever, a rapid consumption, or apoplexy, soon terminates the scene. Such are some of the evils produced by solitary im- prudence—evils.which have attracted the attention of Bome of the most celebrated physicians of antiquity, as Hippocrates, Coden, Celsus, which I have already quoted at length, Areteus, Atius, &c. Other physicians, who have enjoyed great celebrity in modern times, con- 276 firm the observations of the ancients, and increase the frightful catalogue of ills which the medical writers of antiquity had described. Men of such celebrity as Sanctorious, Lommius, Hoffman, Boerhave, Van Swie- ten, Kloehof, Mechel, Huller, and Harvey, all of whom have described in vivid and fearful colors the diseases of those who are addicted to solitary vices, must convince the most skeptical. Hoffeland, speaking of young girls who are the victims of this fearful vice, says—" She is a withered rose, a tree whose bloom is dried up; she is a walking spectre." "How many porsons," exclaims the venerable Portal, a physician who published ' Observations on Pulmonary Consumption,' "have been the victims of their unhappy assions! Medical men every day meet with those who, y this means, aro rendered idiotic, or so enervated, both in body and mind, that they drag out a miserable existence; others perish with marasmus, and too many die of a real pulmonary consumption." We have the most indubitably awful proof under our own eyes every week, by reading the deaths reported in the different cities. Notice the preponderance of deaths of those over ten years, from consumption, apoplexy, marasmus and epilepsy, and you must be convinced there is some unknown secret cause, to hurl so many into eternity every day, from these diseases.. In a work upon the torrible malady of Rickets, the writer says, while speaking on a particular form, that young persons who yield themselves up to the seduction of solitary pleasures are often the subjects of the disease, and he cites a number of cases which came under his own observation. Among them, he mentions that of a young female of seventeen who died suddenly of them, and which were brought on by masturbation. These are his words-^-"I saw a young girl of seventeen, of puny stature, but who became so rapidly curved, that in six months she was quite hump-backed. The chest was thrust in at the base of the breast-bone ; there was a complete hollow at the region of the stomach, while the belly protruded." A justly celebrated physician of Lyons, who gave himself up for many years to deeds of benevolence and humanity, the sensible author of a work entitled ' Mo- 277 dium of the Heart,' M. A. Petit, seeing the number of maladies which the indulgence of solitary habits pro- duced, thought it was necessary to erect a monument to one of the victims of this vice, not only to avert its danger, but to attest its power in the production of pulmonary consumption. In his preface he says—" Let it be known that pulmonary consumption, whose horri- ble ravages in Europe ought to give the alarm to all governments, has drawn from this very source its fatal activity." And then, in the most eloquent verses, he speaks of the last moments of an unfortunate victim whom ho himself witnessed, and whom the tomb of Mont Cindre had closed upon, while yet in the very spring of life. This example is one which has occurred in our own times, and the tomb is placed on one of the fertile mountains which border the Saone on the north- west, in approaching Lyons, and the unfortunate victim who has there found her last resting-place is not yet, in all probability, become part of that dust which has re- ceived her- Her miserable error had doubtless been of too long duration; the blow her constitution had re- ceived, was too deep. Baron Boyer, in his ' Treatise on Surgical Diseases,' believed that this constitutional injury may even be prolonged to old age, when this kind of abuse allows its victim to attain it; and that is a secondary cause of many of those cases of dry gangrene, which are observed at that period of life. These solitary habits in many females produce u swelling of the neck, from the force and frequency of those .convulsions which so often follow tho repetition of this imprudent act, as well as by the arrest of blood which it occasions in the principal vessels of the neck, in tho same way as is observed in epileptic patients. The complexion assumes a yellow tint in some, while others find their skin become covered with scurf. Professor Richard reports in his ' Chirurgical Noso- graphy,' a very remarkable example of the power of this cause in the production of eruptions:—" A lady had at the same time this pernicious habit and an eruption of blotches. She was advised to discontinue the practice ; she did so, and they disappeared. She again took up the habit; the eruption again made its appearance; 23* 278 her reason again taught her the error of her ways, and she once more conquered the penchant, and she was nevor again troubled with those blotches which had so dis- figured her." Some persons are troubled with cramp in the stomach and pains in the back; some will have pains in the loins and kidneys ; others suffer from pains in tho upper part of the nose, in the summit and back part of the head, in the groins, as well as in all tho limbs; lucorrhoaa or whites, acrid and irritating discharges of different kinds, fluxes, hemorrhage of the womb. While some aro afflicted for the remainder of their life by relaxation and fall of this organ—pains, at first vague and undefined, then fixed—sometimes dull, at other times excruciating— are in others but the signs of scirrhus or cancer of the womb itself. The belly becomes enlarged, hard and distended ; the eyes aro surrounded with a leadeu-huod oircle ; the euamel of the teeth assumes a grayish white color, and no longer presents that exquisite polish nor that ivory tint which has caused them to be compared to pearls encased in roses. A number of painful ulcers are sometimes found on tho tongue and the interior of the mouth. A lady had abandoned herself to all the intoxicating enjoyment of solitariness. When she gave way to these excesses hor mouth was filled with ulcers of the most distressing kind ; when she ceased from these imprudent acts, these ulcers disappeared. The flesh loses its solidity, and becomes flaccid, paleness ensues, wasting wrinkles, inaptitude for all kinds of work or exercise, take the place of the freshness, the soundness, the grace and ac- tivity of the body ; the bosom, which by its exquisitely developed beauty, shows that the age of puberty and love has arrived—tho bosom, whose fullness in the young mother shows that it incloses an abundance of that nourishment so necessary to the tender state of man's infancy ; in those who yield to this habit, ex- hibits nothing but the meagre outline of what it should be, and cries aloud the truth—speaks of nothing but eternity. If suoh persons enjoy health, they must lose it ; if they are attacked with illness, their restoration to health is difficult; if they aro so fortunate as to recover they are ever liable to be again assailed. Proper habits 279 are no less necessary for a perfect restoration to health than proper sleep, exercise, and pure air. Solitary vicious habits have great influence in develop- ing scrofulous diseases. The white swellings which ap- pear in various parts of the body, and filled with a white humor, inclosed in a membraneous bag, formed from the muscular tunicles, are very common : and we cannot doubt that this disorder, which is a species of scrofula, owes its increase to tho misfortunes that are in- separable from war and its attendant privations. But what ravages has it not made among persons who have destroyed their constitution by the deadly incentives of a vicious solitude ! The hospitals in Europe teem with subjects worn out by the suppuration of these tumors, who owe their frightful fate to this habitual vice. The degeneracy of morals, the absence of principle, and the contagion of example, united with unavoidable priva- tions, have multiplied the forms of scrofulous swellings, which were very rare, and of which the cure is attended with the greatest difficulty, in proportion as these com- bining causes continue. Human nature will always be human nature ; and necessarily will be mixed up with both vice and virtue. Was not this vice common among the Jews since it so forcibly drew down the attention of their Legislator, who felt himself compelled, in order to restrain its pro- gress, to bring homo to the imagination of his people the terrible example of Onan, mentioned in the first part of this work 1 The celebrated Joubert, chancellor of the University of Montpelier, one hundred and fifty years ago, com- plained also, in his Treatise on Popular Errors, of the calamities that this very vice entailed on its votaries of both sexes. Finally, is it not true in this nineteenth century that many dissertations are published on this Bame subject"! The vicious (solitary) habits then are, beyond a doubt, unhappily too common ; but who can say, they were less so in by-gone times'! But, however that may be, there is no abatement in their effect For if we except poisons and some few frightful maladies, the human system has no greater cause of destruction to dread than their sinful secret vices. 280 Sydenham says, " The organs of respiration are cu, weakest of all those belonging to the human race ; two- thirds of mankind die of diseases of the lungs ; and tho most common period in which young persons resort to these vicious habits is precisely that wherein the chest exhibits the greatest susceptibility. There is, more- over, a species of consumption to which women are greatly exposed by the very nature of their constitution, such as tuberculose and lymphatic consumption." CHAPTER XX. LIFE, WHAT IS IT 1—IT IS MERE EXISTENCE WITHOUT HEALTH. Poets have described life to, be the dream of a sha- dow—a species of flight; have feigned that the gods did not make man a present of life, but that they rather sold it to him. Our life may be truly said to be the dream of a shadow; but this shadow has feeling—is endowed with understanding, and by acting wisely, the dream may be rendered a long and happy one. That our existence is fugitive, the rapid succession of years, the flight from infancy to youth, from youth to old age, and from old age to the dust that follows it, abundantly testify. But we are in possession of a means of giving to this varying existence—which has so mani- fest a tendency to its own destruction—a more fixed character; and that is moderation, the source of all virtue and of all happiness. The Author of our being, m granting us life, appears indeed to have surrounded it with numerous duties ; but duties are not burthen- some, when those by whom they aro imposed furnish their tributaries, at the same time an inexhaustible treasure, by which they may be freed from them. With this treasure we are well acquainted; it is deposited within us ; we are allowed free access to it, and indeed, are enjoined to draw from it; and if mankind would only make use of it, if they would boldly render them- 281 selves subservient to their reason, they would soon discover that nature was really desirous that they should be happy. It must nevertheless be admitted, that if Heaven has granted to man the splendid gift of reason, it has at the same time rendered it very necessary for him. No other animated being is subject to such numerous diseases, none die from such variety of causes, and none bear within them so many germs of evil as himself. If he knows not how to use those means which have been bestowed upon him for preserving himself from them. But if we may look upon life as the dream of a shadow—if it be no more than a fugitive existence—if we may in some degree say, not that the Supreme Being has sold life to us—for that would be impious, if taken literally—but it would still seem that it may be so said of those, and that dearly sold too, who have given themselves up as victims of a solitary vice. Independently of the disposition of the human species towards so many different affections, each individual has a particular tendency to one or more kinds of de- struction, by the unequal division of strength, whereby the organs of which they are endowed; and the truth of this is daily attested in our intercourse with the world, when we hear that such and such a one has a weak stomach, a delicate chest, &c.; and as the weakest organs are the first to suffer from the influence of the causes of disease, and as there can be none more power- ful than evil practices, it may be safely predicted of all persons yielding to the delirium of solitary vice, the kind of malady their imprudence will bring upon them. In vain it will be believed, that we do not bear within our- selves the "beau ideal" of human organization; and even though so extreme a favor might have been granted to some individuals, it, nevertheless, cannot be contended that such a perfect organization is unaltera- ble. Even Thetis herself could not render Achilles in- vulnerable throughout the whole of his body. Bickat, in his General Anatomy, advances a similar opinion, and which has now for a long time been esta- blished. He says, " Life is a great exercise, which keeps by desires the various organs in motion, and which leads at length to their repose—this repose is 282 death. • But each organ arrives there more or less soon, according to the deBire of strength with which it is in- vested—proportioned to the greater or less disposition to exhaust it—in the course of this great exorcise." CHAPTER XXI. MASTURBATION PRODUCES EFFECTS UPON THE FEMALE ; EASILY DISCERNED BY THE GENERALITY OF PEOPLE. Persons who are devoted to secret vicious habits, whether they be characterized by the delicacy or the too great activity of the nerves, may rest assured that they will become epileptic, subject to fits, to palpitations, and all other nervous affections. Any one who may observe a woman who has not been irreproachable in such secret practices, of an apathetic character weak and languid appearance and pale com- plexion, you may be assured that sue will become idi- otic. Mankind cannot imagine the effect these prac- tices have on tho present generation, or the destructive influences and consequences that will ensue to those in ■■ future. If pale and sickly children could only be preserved in their early innocence—if those whose parents have fallen victims to pulmonary complaints, could only bo kept chaste—if persons who are subject to consumption, would only lead a life of purity, we should soon discover that such disorders of the chest are neither so hereditary nor infeotious as they are supposed to be. If tho innocent offspring that I have cured of venereal affections, knew the cause of their infirmities and Sufferings—their mannings through their whole lives—they would curse —(and I think properly so, too)—the very beings—the very parents—who, as instruments in the hands of Di- vine Providence,'gave them their existence. My extensive experience, in treating all classes, ages and sexes, for venereal affections, has not only convinced me, but has proven, that a large majority of the 283 scrofulous diseases have been directly produced by the arcnts or ancestors having had venereal diseases; and id not—though they may have supposed so—have the poison entirely eradicated from the system. All per- sons, then, who have ever had any disease of a venereal character, should know—by applying to me—whether anything of the kind is still-lurking in their system, awaiting an opportunity—from some peculiarly exciting cause—to show its hydra head. All judicious persons will certainly not lose any time in attending to it. Many of the offspring of venereal affected parents, die in infancy ; many are dead when born ; but those who do linger, and drag out a short and painful existence, merely postpone their existence a little longer, only to descend at a later period to an early and disgusting death. I will hasten from this painful subject to one more in consonance with chastity, and refinement of the feelings nature intended us to be possessed of. Every animated thing—the plant, the brute, the hu- man species—are born delicate and fragile, and grow up in strength; the tender shoot of the oak becomes a hardy tree; the weakest infant—if its source is healthy—a soldier, a laborer, a vigorous man—if nothing be done to prevent it.. If nature sleeps, languishes, or is deceived, it knows when to awaken and retrieve each error—if it be not fncessantly thwarted or crushed—no matter by what means. The Author of nature has traced out its steps, has dictated its laws; and a premature death, the melancholy consequence of evil practices, is only one of the rules of his immortal code ; let them, therefore, be engraved on the heart. How much it were to be desired, that persons would not 60 frequently despise themselves in the world, and that they would not invariably attribute to family dis- ease, or the contagious nature of consumptions, that which is traceable to vicious habits alone. Persons born of healthy parents, of sound constitutions, and who themselves are quite robust, and always breathing a fine air, find the chest affected by their evil habits, and the grave opening before them, long before their time ; while, ou the other hand, they on whom heaven seems only to have bestowed a very short life, are preserved, 284 by a purity of oondnct, to the limits of extreme old age. Far then from asserting that persons afflicted, as pre- viously mentioned, are to be despised or blamed; I think, on the contrary, that with some (as I have there stated.) ' it is more the result of an unhappy destiny than merited: and that every motive of benevolence urges to pity, and a relief of their condition. The blame we may feel dis- posed to attach to some persons for their bad formation. You will remember, I have mentioned that rickets aro caused by masturbation—can only be addressed with justice, to those whose childhood and youth have not always been free from reproach. It is easy to distin- guish between those whom we ought only to pity, and those whom we ought, at the same time, to blame. The former have the head large, relatively to the rest of the body, and the arms long—as it were, drawn out— the latter do not show these peculiarities. They first are usually gay and lively, while the second, on the con- trary, combine with their deformity extreme stupidity and inertness. All functions, except respiration, are well discharged by the former ; with the others, all are accomplished badly and languidly. These always ap- pear to be laboring under a severe malady, and are in- capable of any toil; while those are wholly free from this appearance, and daily engage in occupations more or less difficult—in study, in the cultivation of soience, and the practice of the arts. What will become of a lady's beauty when her health is deeply impaired 1 It can only bloom and disappear like the withered form and faded color of a flower nipped in the bud; or, to make use of another comparison, like ' the ruins of a temple destroyed by profane hands. It loses the elegance and majesty which delighted the imagination and inspired respect long before years and decay would have impaired those qualities. A young woman is this temple, and must expect to lose all tho attributes of beauty, when once she gives herself up to this most destructive of all passions. The growth of the body, the development of the figure, all grace and freshness, will disappear; for this error spares no charms. No doubt the words of a celebrated physician, respecting a votary of this solitary vice, will recur to every mind— 285 "She is a tree withered while blossoming—a perfect walking skeleton." What a different picture those young females pre- sent who display so agreeably all the charms of their tender and admired sex.' Consider a girl at the age when the attractions of youth succeed the grace of in- fanoy ; happy is the maiden who preserves her primitive purity, when, like an unknown lake, in the bosom of a lovely country, her imagination as yet has only reflected the heaven above and the verdure and the flowers around. She appears to unite in her person the rarest charms of all the universe. If man be the Lord of creation, such a female is surely the queen. But this grace, and this fresh and fair complexion, are never to be met with in persons consumed by disease ; and these portraits, presented to us, under the name of goddesses, are those of persons who have really existed. Thus Fontaine, when ho covered with roses and lilies the Venus whom Homer, three thousand years before, had begirt with the en- chanting zone, was no doubt thinking of the young and virtuous La Sabliere. And probably Virgil was in- debted to some princess of the court of Augustus for the majestic air which excites our admiration in his Dido. Can health and grace exist without innocence and modesty 1 Chastity is the daughter of Modesty, and therefore health cannot long be enjoyed without chas- tity. Socrates said long ago, that a handsome body gave promise of a noble soul. Some ancient philoso- phers, have supposed the soul to be a kind of divinity inclosed in our bodies ; certainly the sweetest rays of/ the Divinity are found nowhere so conspicuously as on the brow of a woman worthy the esteem and confidence of her husband. One of the wisest men says, " The beautiful of every description is beautiful of itself. It exists in and of itself; praise forms no part of it. Thus nothing becomes better or worse from the opinions of others. 24 286 CHAPTER XXII. CAUSES OF FEMALE PROSTITUTION. The same remarks that the reader has found in the Srevious pages of this work, relating to the false mo- esty heretofore existing on the subject of masturbation, and which has stifled the horrid truth relating to it, from sooner having become known to the world at large, is applicable in the fullest sense to the awful sub- ject now before us. It is, like masturbation, one of those subjects so fenced and hedged around by ignorance and false mo- desty, that the very silence and darkness allowed to pervade and surround the disease, has continued to propagate and augment its ravages. The least fa- miliarity with the customs and habits of the oity, or a knowledge of a tithe of the haunts of vice, will reveal the fact, that tens of thousands are living amongst us by open and private prostitution. What might be con- sidered as gross satire and superfined didactic criticism, might be translated and published, and the community oould not deny that it was a fair description of every- day life, as it exists in the pseudo moral atmosphere of almost every city and country. The very virtuous and ignorant may occasionally hear of some shocking case evolved in the horrid dens which abound in the large cities, or seeing some of their bloated and disgusting inmates, may be thankful, with complacency, that the vice is confined to those localities, and to such self-degraded objects; and 'as a writer in a daily journal said, " If victims be necessary for such a Moloch, would that such were the case." While such a horrid evil exists, is it not surprising that no remedy has been found and applied as a cure and preventive 1 Those females, who, in their conventions advocate the rights and claims of their sex, with an elo- quence equal to the efforts of the sterner sex in their po- litical struggles, have entirely overlooked this subject, yet it more vitally concerns their honor and the welfare Of humanity. Mr. Fowler has battled, and done well, with this mon- 287 ster, whose victims are innumerable, and I learn has been ably assisted by Mr. Wells, Mr. Woodbridge and Mrs. Gove, with a degree of womanly courage and modesty, which cannot be too highly praised, i have no doubt others would have joined in the noble work, but for the erroneons idea, the more publicity you give to the subject, the more would be its increase and dis- semination. It is to be hoped, however, that this argu- ment will be forever refuted, before many more victims are sacrificed from its belief, for I am pained to say the range of this could hardly be extended any further than it is at the present time. There is too much sickly sentimentality afloat,.in re- gard to the unfortunate females who prowl about the streets of cities in search of their prey. There are un- doubtedly among them those who are the victims of false promises, and of vile, heartless, and accursed se- duction ; but the number, I think, is comparatively small. It is, in fact, very seldom that men or women descend at one step from virtue to the lowest condition in vice. Persons in the height of passion, will slay their oppressors or adversaries; out the mind requires to be familiarized with guilt, and the walls of virtue require to be sapped and undermined, before they tumble to pieces. Men neither become drunkards, robbers, for- gers, nor counterfeiters, all of a sudden. They have trained and habituated their minds to crime before its commission. Their fall may appear rapid, but if the truth were known, it has been by a road that they had labored hard to prepare. It is just the same with fe- male prostitution. The idea of a female that is viiv tuous, at once betaking herself to tho streets, is pre- posterous. This, therefore, leads us to consider the way by which females reach this sad state of abase- ment. Speaking of early vice, Mr. Fowler says, " I would pot defame my race, but facts extort the reluctant de- claration, that few have more than the faintest concep- tion of the fearful extent to which this vice (mastur- bation) in all its appalling forms is practiced. It is the destroyer of our youth of both sexes, and still more of our husbands and wives." Chatecise, promiscuously, every boy you meet, and then say, if nine out of every 288 ten, from eight years old and upwards, do not practice it more or less 1 and I have not the least doubt that nearly every one doos so, after thoy have arrived at the age of puberty. No child is safe from this loathsome habit; and, as I have previously shown, our schools are especially the nursuries of this vice. Mr. Woodbridge, in the ' Annals of Education,' says, " The fatal vice is spreading desolation throughout our sohools and families, unnoticed and unknown." Our boarding and day-schools are sources of untold mis- chief. A writer says, that " at West Point, the mental de- bility occasioned by this vice was tho reason why so many of its students were unable to pass examination." "• But," continues Mr. Fowler, " our families at least are safe. Exclaims the fond mother, ' My daughter's na- tive modesty is her shield of protection.' Would to God this were so ; but faots wrest even this consolation from ns. They may be less infected; yet women, young and modest, are dying by thousands, of consumption, of female complaints, of nervous or spinal affections, of general debility, and of other ostensible complaints in- numerable, and some of insanity, caused by this prac- tice." Mrs. Gove, in her ' Lectures to Ladies on Anatomy and Physiology,' says—" About eight years since my mind was awakened to examine this subject, by the pe- rusal of a medical work that described the effects of this vice when practiced by females. This was the first in- timation I had that the vice existed among our sex. Since that time I have had much evidence that it is fearfully common among them. There is reason to be- lieve, that in nine cases out of ten, those unhappy fe- males who are tenants of houses of ill-fame, have been victims of this vice in the first place. Professed Chris- tians are among its victims." Here, then, is the fountain from which prostitution flows. Need we wonder at the number of its votaries, or be surprised at the unhappy marriages of which we daily hear, and at the frightful mortality among chil- dren in the early months of their existence 1 How do parents discharge their responsibility in guarding, by caution and advice, their children, from this deplorable 289 vice and its hideous consequences? In the familes of Quakers, and in strict Catholic families where the duties of the confessional are attended to, the uses and abuses of the instincts, passions and affections are pointed out to children, and they are taught to regu- late and control their desires and appetites. In most families, however, children are left unguarded against the bad example of their elder associates, and habits are acquired and formed, in innocence and in ignorance of many evil consequences, either moral or physical. It would seem sufficient to inform children of the baneful effects of a vice which exhausts the body, de- stroys the eye-sight, impairs digestion and circulation, deranges the brain and nervous system in an astonish- ingly Short time, thereby impairing the mind, destroys the possibility of a healthy offspring, and stamps the face with its marks and signs as visibly as does the small-pox. Let parents and guardians exert themselves to avert this wide-spread and insidious contagion, arid use their influence to promote marriage, and our streets will cease to be filled by wanton harlots and licentious profligates. My own practice is constantly presenting me with the most heart.sickening cases of females who were once of the highest respectability. The last case of this kind was very recent. CASE LIV. It was that of a young female teacher residing in this city. Her ardent temperament was the cause of her commencing the practice, which led on to the greater vice of unchastity, but still practicing masturbation at frequent intervals, till, when she applied to me, she was a mere wreck, of what, she said, she once was. Her case presented the symptoms which are portrayed in so many of those cases, in the previous pages, involv- ing the whole system. To effect a cure for her, required patience and perseverance. If the size of this little work would permit it, I would detail ar number of the female cases from my note-book, as they are there entered in full, but as it will not, 1 shall content myself with presenting the case of a young 24* 290 lady, which it pains me to say, was beyond the reach of human ability to restore, or even to prolong her exist- ence for any very great length of time. CASE LV. About a year ago, a lady called at my office, and after inquiring if I was the doctor, and if so, whether 1 was alone, that she might have an opportunity of privately presenting the case of her sister to me, for my considera- tion and advice. After requesting her to be seated on the sofa, and showing a patient out by a side door, I heard her statement, which I here copy in as few words as possible. She said, her sister was about thirty years of age, and had been sick a long time; but what the real diffi- culty was, her folks could not find out, neither from the physicians who her father had employed, nor from ber own statement. Her parents were in wealthy circum- stances, and had spared no pains or expense in their en- deavors for her cure. As her condition had grown worse, while under the charge of their regular family physician, they called in others for consultation, until they had employed the most eminent practitioners of the present age. She had the symptoms of almost every chronic disease, which they of course endeavored to remove. The cause which produced all this disorgani- zation, however, they were ignorant of, and therefore oould not remove the effects. After continuing in this miserable condition for a number of years, she attempted suicide by taking lauda- num, but her attendants made the discovery in time to frustrate her designs, by the physicians applying the stomach pump, and using counteracting remedies. In a few days after this, she disclosed the real cause of all hor troubles to this sister, on condition that she would not reveal it to her parents. Three of the most eminent of her physicians were then made acquainted with the secret, but their success was no better than before. She Dearly extinguished her feeble lamp of life, after she found tbey could not be of any benefit to her, by a se- cond over-dose of laudanum, but which was frustrated in the same manner as before. Her nerves and mind 291 had been so weak for a long time, that they had prohib- ited her entirely from reading newspapers. One day, by accident, she got one in her possession, which con- tained my advertisement; seeing which, she without losing a moment, sent her sister to me. If her parents had only known of her complaint in time, so that my services could have been engaged early enough to have been of some avail, they might have been saved the loss of their daughter, the heart- rending scenes and trials, and a very, large expense. Let no person, then, after reading this little unpre- tending volume, allow a single day to pass, without procuring for themselves, their children, or friends, that professional advice which enables me to save thou- sands from an untimely grave, At the time the sister applied to me in her behalf, she was wasted to a mere skeleton. Her stomach was so weak that she could retain nothing but liquids in it. The sight of a physician would bring on spasms. She could only be restrained by force from practicing her loathsome abuse. Her mind was extremely idiotic; she was, in fact, insane. This being her situation, her case was hopeless, as she could not endure or sustain any treatment that could be of any permanent benefit," though her father offered any fee for her restoration. CASE LVI. This female patient and a man, thirty-eight years of age, who came to me in just about the same State, something over two years ago, are the only pa- tients I have ever had which I could not cure; and I have had many of the most deplorable patients whose disease arose from self-abuse, and an innumerable number of horrible and loathsome cases of syphilis, which had proceeded so far as to cause the destruction of the bones of the limbs and face. Dr. Larmont: Dear Sir,—It affords me no small degree of pleasure to cheerfully bear testimony to your high private cha- racter and standing; and in a professional point of view 292 I am proud to acknowledge your superior knowledge and skill in the treatment of gonorrhoeal, syphilitic and spermatorrhoeal diseases, as well as the various com- plaints of females. In fact, sir, it is due to you, that 1 should speak what I know to be true; that you are in this branch of the medical profession in advance not only of the profession, but also in advance of your worthy and illustrious preceptors, the great Ricord of Paris, and the great Acton of London. 1 say this not to flatter, but because I have frequently seen the happy results of your superior treatment in the worst, most unpromising, and coses cast off and regarded as incurable by able surgeons, in this and other cities of the United States, and in Europe. Yours, Most respectfully, H. A. Smith, M. D. As I have previously stated, the originals of the above and other testimonials, can be seen at my office; or, those residing in the city can be seen personally, if re- quired. Dr. Larmont: Dear Sir,—Your very extraordinary success In gonorrhoea first led me to cultivate your acquaint- ance and friendship. Nor do I regard your present disinclination to make your plan of treatment publicly known to the profession as ungenerous; for what yon have toiled to acquire is yours, unquestionably, and of right. You say in your last letter that you hardly know whether to edit Ricord's great work on Venereal—here- after, by adding copious notes, or give the profession one entirely your own. Now I regard all or nearly all the works since the publication of Ricord's book, as copies, compilations, or senseless alterations of the above, Acton and a few other valuable works. In fact, doctor, we have all of us secrets in practice, which we want to reap benefit from before allowing others to enrich themselves by them ; yet I am happy to learn your inclination to do the profession so great a 293 benefit, and through them suffering humanity an ines- timable kindness, by by-and-by publishing your vast experience in treating diseases of ttie genito-urinary organs. I must again acknowledge my indebtedness for the valuable hints on gonorrhoea and its abortive treatment, which I have found to give perfect relief in a few hours. I am now about to go to Dublin to remain a few days, and when I return to London I will again write. Very respectfully, J. Curtis, F.R.S. P. S.—I agree with you in denouncing unnecessary surgical operations, and particularly the early opening of buboes, which your plan precludes the necessity of doing. J. C. Dr. Larmont: My Dear Doctor,—Yours of Feb. 21st I received by our Havre steamer. You seem to regard unfa- vorably the plan of cauterization in urethral strictures I too must confess much disappointment in the indis- criminate use of caustic, which I was early led into by its popularity in Paris and Lyous. I think if Lallemand had lived, that he would have advanced very much the unsuccessful treatment of Spermatorrhoea, which he brought out of obscurity. Your mode of cure seems, in such cases, very novel, and peculiarly your own. I will give it a trial, as it looks plausible. So far as chancre is concerned I unhesitatingly say, you bear off the palm of victory in treating chancres. We, on the continent, cure as. surely as you, perhaps but by no means so soon. Some of my brethren were skeptical in reading youi oases, but Dr. Hill assures meyou are doing wonders. Au Revoir, Virtue Ami. 294 CHAPTER XXIII. Certificates given me by the patients themselves, for curing them of Emissions, Seminal Weakness, Impo- tency, and General Debility, after they had been nnder the charge of a number of Physicians, and used all of the quack remedies, such as Cordials, Elixirs, Antidotes, Drops, Compressions, and Mechanical In- struments. CASE lvii. ----, Conn., May 19th, 1852. Doctor Larmont cured me of Emissions, and a Strio- ture of the Urethra, in a few days, by looal treatment only. I commenced the practice of masturbation when about twelve years of age, and continued it till within a few months. I am a member of the church of Christ, and did not suppose I was doing anything more than to sat- isfy, in an innocent way, the promptings of an ardent temperament. The disease had become so general as to cause indi- festion, extreme nervous debility, irregularity of the owels, swelling of the testicles, pain in passing urine, and a disagreeably painful sensation of the bladder. My mind was affected to that extent, as to cause a par- tial loss of memory. Before calling on you, I had taken the advice of a physician in Rochester, New-York, and two others in Boston, Mass., neither of whom could tell me what was my real trouble. I forgot to say, my age now is twentv-four. Wu. Cornfxl. CASE LVIII ----, Conn., June 7th, 1852. M. Larmont : Dear Sir,—Yours of the 4th came duly to hand. In reply I would say, I have had no emissions since 1 saw you. Yours, respectfully, I will only say, in reference to this case, that he ia 295 about twenty-six years of age, and commenced the prac- tice of masturbation very young. Previous to his coming to mo, he had been under the charge of three other physicians for a long time, notwithstanding which his emissions occurred every week. He had attempted connection with a female a number of times, but the semen was ejected so soon, that he never could accom- plish the act till I had cured him of the emissions. He put himself under my treatment in March, having in compeication, indigestion, costiveness, a breaking out on his face, and nervousness. CASE LIX. U----, New York, June 20th, 1852. Sir,—I write and let you know about myself. I have not had any more of the emissions since I wrote you last Yours, M. M. Larmont, Esq. This gentleman came to me in October, 1851. In January, 1852 he wrote me be had within that time had two emissions: his next letter is the one above given. He was about twenty-eight years old, and had, previous to coming to me, been so affected generally, as to cause indigestion, costiveness, great debility, affected memory, and a hanging down of the testicles. CASE LX. Dr. Larmont : My emissions have been stopped by you in two or three weeks, after having been under the treatment of others for years. My health was never better. Thankfully and confidently yours, J S----D New York, Jan. I5th, 1851. This patient had been married a little over a year be- fore coming to me, but was so impotent that he had up to this time been unable to cohabit with his wife, al- though his general health was not much affected. He was 23 years old when married, and was advised to it • • 296 by his physicians as being the only cure for him. Well, when he pould not cohabit, they advised him to go south a year for his health, and he did so ; and when he returned was no better. He then came to me, and the above certificate tells when he was able to perform his family duties. He would be happy to verify the above to any one that will call upon him personally. CASE LXI. Milwankie, Wis., Aug. 8th, 1850. Dr. Larmont: Dear Sir,—Having arrived in Millwaukie I with pleasure fulfill my promise of Writing to you. I am happy to inform you I have received great benefit from your medicine, and am in a much better state of health. I am, sir, most respectfully, Yours, &c, J. E D. This young man applied to me in July, about four months after the above letter, he wrote me again, say' ing he had had no emission, although he had lost a part of his medicine,, and wanted me to send more, if I thought it necessary. I did not send anything, but wrote him to let me know if all was not right. I have not since heard from him. He had been treated in Europe before coming to me. His age was twenty. CASE LXII. O---, New York, June 18th, 1851, M. Larmont : Dear Sir,—I feel it my duty to inform you of my health since I saw you. I have had but one emission, and that was a few weeks after I got home. I am, most respectfully, Yours, ---- Y---. This young man was about the same age as the next preceding one, and was much troubled with priapism, weakness of the stomach, deranged bowels, and those 297 tell-tale pimples on the face. I had a letter from him last fall that he was entirely well. CASE LXIII. L----, Indiana, Oct. G, 1850. Dr . Larmont : Sir,—I received yOurs in due time, and commenced using your pills as you prescribed, just four weeks since, and they have had the desired effect, as far as night emissions are concerned; but there, is yet a looseness of the bowels. Just befere getting them I had a spell of sickness—bilious diarehoe.i; but I am now in perfect health, and getting stronger. I remain yours, sincerely, C----. This patient had been afflicted with a chronic diar- rhoea more or loss for a year; he was emaciated, and without a doubt, a rapid consumption would have soon carried him out of this world if he had not seen my advertisement, and applied to me at the time he did. I had a letter from him a few months after the above, Baying, be was married, and in good health. His age was thirty-three, CASE LXIV. Dr. Larmont cured me of a long-standing seminal weakness, and emissions, complicated with stricture, and that too in a fortnight, so that 1 had but one emis- sion after commencing his treatment. I had previously been under treatment to no benefit. C. J. C----, Brooklyn. July 1st, 1851. This patient was nineteen years old, and of a scrofu- lous coustitution. Dr. Larmont: You cured me of gonorrhoea of some time dura- tion, by a single local application, which was couipfi- 23 298 Cated with a bad stricture. By my early improper habits I was afflicted with emissions and great debility, which were both also cured by you in a short time. 1 bad been for a long time under previous treatment to no benefit. F----R----. New York, June 23d, 1851. This young man was twenty-three years old, and belonged to Nova Scotia, but came on here for medical advice, and has procured a situation in one of the largest establishments in this city, where he can bo seen by the afflicted at any time. CASE LXVI. For over nine years, I was troubled with seminal emissions, which caused a general derangement of my system, such as nervousness, affected memory, costive- ness, depression of spirits, &c. Within the above time I used all the advertised remedies for these complaints, and was under the care of two other doctors, all to no benefit, till I came to Dr. Larmont, who has cured me entirely, having had only one emission since coming under his charge. My health is now as good as it ever was, yet it is only two months since I was cured. A----D----. New York, Sept. 23d, 1851. The above patient was troubled with a constant dis- charge of semen and mucus, arising from an inflamma- tion along the whole canal of the penis, and particularly in the region of the seminal orifices and neck of the bladder. This complaint often involves these parts and the prostate gland, not only seriously, but so much so as to endanger life; therefore, not only is the correct treatment necessary, but it must in many cases be prompt and decisive. All those interested will here- after be able to understand the danger of cordials, elixirs, mechanical instruments, and all quack reme- dies. 299 CASE LXVII. New York, March 3d, 1851. Dr. Larmont: You have cured me in a few weeks of great debility and nocturnal emissions that I was troubled with for years. 1 have had but one emission since being under your care. I was under treatment a long time before calling on you, and that without benefit. W----H----. This man was a journeyman tobacconist, and chewed as many as six papers.of tobacco within the twenty-four hours, and, in addition to that, smoked a number of cigars. I was obliged to gradually break him of this destructive habit, as his nervous system had been brought by this enormous use of tobacco, the weekly emissions at night, and the escape of semen while at Btool—produced by the slightest straining—to the most deplorable condition imaginable CASE LXVIII. I hereby certify that Dr. Larmont, 42 Reade street, has cured me of three bad strictures, which, with the gradual wasting away of the semen, and emissions at night, caused impotency and very great weakness of my whole body, costiveness, nervousness, impaired memory and depressed spirits—all of which he has cured me of in a few weeks without my having had one emission, after commencing his treatment, which was without any medicine. P---- N----. New York, Nov. 25th, 1851. The above case was an extremely dangerous one, yet, it will be seen, my treatment acted upon him almost like a miracle. I often astonish myself at tho rapid cures, and especially when I am not obliged to use a particle of medicine in many of this kind of cases, not even to regulate the bowels, for they seem to correct themselves immediately. 300 cass lxix Dr. Larmont: You have cured me in a few weeks of sn old seminal weakness disease that other physicians had treated, without benefit, for a long time. I was very weak, and bad emissions very often/but since your treatment, have had only one. My health is better tban it boa before been for years. F----G——. New York, March 4th, 1851. This case was nearly a typo of the preceding one, and, as I have never taken a certificate for a cure of any patient who had not been treated by from one to twenty other physicians, I shall copy many of them without comment, for my professional duties are so arduous that my time will not permit me to make the comment I otherwise would and should. My readers will understand by this that all of tho certificates I publish are for cures that had been abandoned by others, or considered incurable. CASE LXX. Dr. Larmont cured me of stricture, seminal emissions, chancres (syphilis,) and vegetations (warts) in a short time, without scarcely any medicines. I hud been Under other treatment for some time, to no benefit. I was weak, and my system entirely disordered, I have had but one emission since being under his charge. 1 have now been cured four months. John M------. New York, October 21st, 1851. CASE LXXI. Chicago, December 19th, '51. Doctor -. Dear Sir,—Received yours, but not able to write, being under treatment of sore eyes. 1 think tbat 1 am pretty much freed from the emissions. It has been four months or more since 1 had a discharge or felt like it. I feel much better than I did, and feel much relieved. My flesh don't twitch as much as it did. Once in a long time I still feci something wrong in the pit of my sto- 301 reach, otherwise I think my complaint is pretty much stopped. 1 ttui still careful about my food. Yours, M----P----. My readers will discover that the language of tho above is quite erroneous, but J prefer to always give the exact language of the patients themselves. His age was thirty, and his case was a very severe one ; be had previously been treated, both in this aud other coun- tries, for a number of years. CASE LXXII. Ohio, December 16th, 1851. M. Larmont, M. D.: Dear Sir,—So long a time has elapsed since I have written to you, that 1 presume you had given up all idea of hearing from me again. I was married, on the day 1 wrote you was set for it; yes, married. This will surprise you, when you reflect what 1 have said ; but it is, nevertheless, true. I no more expected to be able to perforin what is expected of every married man than I expected to swim from New York to Liverpool. I did not, as I supposed I would, have an emission before an entrance was effected, aud not, I think, until the proper time ; but, notwithstanding your advice to have con- nection but once a week, I have had connection some five or six limes, in less than u vveek I have no further doubt about my case. Very respectfully, II. D----S----. The letter previous to this one, was written some sis months before. As will be seen by his letter, he was one of those who look on the dark siile of everything, and could not be convinced that he was well till he had been married some time. He bad great reason to doubt, how- ever, for he had been unmercifully plucked by the regu- lar physicians, as well as the innumerable charlatans abounding in all cities, for a number of years before coming to me His semen having wasted away for so long a time, left him entirely impotent, before my treatment, lie had all the other s; mptoms accompany- ing these extreme cases. 302 CASE I.XXMI. C----, New York, Dec. 1350. Dear Sir : I took your advice and did not put off the marriage- day as i thought 1 would have to when I saw you at your office, on my return from Philadelphia. After re- turning home, 1 applied myself to your directions, and was more surprised at the rapidity of my recovery than you was sanguine of your ability to-cure ine. 1 hope you will excuse me, for the fear I expressed that you might be one of those numerous impostors, who assume the name of doctor, and swindle those unfortunate vic- tims who are ignorant of the pretenders and quacks in your city, Philadelphia, Boston and Albany, who swin- dled me out of a large sum of money, besides leaving me in a worse state than when I commenced their loath- some nostrums. Woll, as I said before, the wedding day came aud passed, and instead of failing to cohabit as often as you said 1 might, 1 have overstepped tho bounds very materially, but will pay a more strict ob- servance to your directions hereafter. It is now about four months, and I feel as strong and well as any man ; my flesh is returning, so that my weight is increased about thirty pounds. You of course received the bal- ance of your fee, or you would have written me before this time. Yours, thankfully, R— G. M—. This gentleman was about thirty-five years old, at the time he placed himself under my charge, and was totally impotent—the semen wasting away by degrees, bowels disordered, troubled with flatulency, a gulping of wind from the stomach, indigostlon, a buzzing noise iu the bead, dizziness, and a fiiint kind of weakness in the utoinaeh. In ubout five months' time he had recovered his strength, which he possessed at the time of his writing to me. I could go on, and fill a volume like this little book, with extracts from the letters of patients that I have never seen even, acknowledging my curing them, the same as those herein copied. Enough of them, together With the certificates also copied, will satisfy any person, 303 however long he may have suffered, or tho many phy- sicians and remedies they may have employed, that my treatment is not only certain, safe and mild, but proba- bly the only sure mode of cure, at present known. Tho subject requires me to be plain in my language, and some may, therefore, consider mo egotistical, still the tiuth nevertheless requires it. As a concluding part of this work I shall copy a few of my certificates of' the unparalleled cures performed by me of the other class of private diseases known as vene- real, so that thoso who are unfortunately afflicted with these dangerous, hereditary and flesh-destroying poison- ous diseases, can have more thau the full proof of what I assert I am doing daily. 1 overlooked two certificates of very remarkable cases caused by masturbation, and which the gentlemen who received that benefit from me, which saved their lives, and the ruination of their families, wished me to publish with their full names, the better to convince the extremely skeptical. I have published them a great number of times iu the newspapers, withiu the last two years. CASE LXXIV. Now York, December 5th, 1849. Dr. Larmont : Dear Sir,—I must say that I consider you a rare dispenser of health, for, after spending over $300, (three hundred dollars), with the physicians of this city, Boston and Baltimore, for the cure of impotency, emis- sions and general debility, all the time getting worse under their treatment, 1 fortunately saw your advertise- ment ; and this is to certify that, after being under your care about a month, I found myself entirely cured and once more a man. I send this in order to let those af- flicted know where they can get a speedy and permanent cure. Yours, truly, James Salisbury, Mate. This man had been married about five years, but had uo children. 304 CASE I.XXV. Beloved Doctor: New York, Oct 1st, 1849. If I was the possessor of a thousand gifts. I would ask you to accept every one of them, bc.Mdes the small fee which I paid you, as a slight recouipeiise for your invaluable services in curing me of the most deplorable effects of self-abuse, commenced when I was young. The emissions at night, and leakage of tho semen, cos- tiveness, indigestion, and, as I said, all the effects of the masturbation, you have cured mo of in a few weeks, after 1 had been under half-a-dozen physicians for some six years, besides using every quack medicine adver- tised, all of which cost me hundreds.of dollars, my little all, besides what I could spare, after supporting my family. The friend you had cured, that sent me to you, 1 cannot thauk enough. Yours, forever, James Evans case LXXVI. Dr. Larmont: I was under the care of three physicians for a year, and used everything 1 could hear of, such as the swindling remedies, so impudently advertised by the pretended doctors, for the cure of syphiltic ul- cers on my body and face, which were covered, and Very painful. 1 took the disease by a razor cut, iu the hands of a barber, affected with primary syphilis. My whole system was terribly affected, and the urinary or- gans and lower part of my body pained me constantly. Instead of my water being natural, it was like matter, and followed by a iu Iky discharge. Alter suffering so long, and still getting worse, I was sent to you, and thank God, that through hi in you saved me from a lin- gering, disgusting disease, and an awful death. 1 am happy to say. you have cured me in a Vow weeks, so that I now look and feel young.r by ten years than 1 did when affected William Fkkgi;smn, Perth Ainboy, N. J, New York, Feb., 27th, 1351. This case speaks volumes in favor of my Paris and London treatment of venereal diseases, as there arc no 305 remedies employed by any one else in this country or Europe, that are so rapid in arresting and destroying these poisonous diseases. My remedies do not interfere with the business of any ono. And as a proof that I do not use mercury, this man was in the water nearly every day, as ho is an oystcrman. I often have patients that cannot get off of their beds, from pains and weak- ness, up and attending to their business in less tban a week, for instead of reducing them., I tell them to eat as much as their appetite craves. This man has now been well about two years, and his health is as good as it ever was. case lxxvii. Dr. Larmont : Dear Sir,—About one year and a half ago, I con- tracted a chancre, (pox), for the cure of which I applied to a number of physicians without receiving any benefit. After being under their care for this length of time I applied to you, when I was covered with ulcers. After being under your charge for four weeks, I was entirely restored to health, and have never been better in my life than since then. John Rollison, Jr. New York, May 11th, 1850 This certificate was given to me by him, about nino months after the cure, on his coming to me for the cure of a primary affection, he had caught a couple of weeks previous, and which he had had about a week. In a few days he was entirely well of this new infection. His weight at the lime he gave me this certificate, was forty pounds more, than when I cured him nine months before. CASE LXXVIIt. Dr. Labmont : You cured me of a gonorrhoea of some time stand- ing, complicated with an acute swelled testicle, in a few hours. I have continued my work, and yet the testicle has nearly resumed its natural size in this short time. P. BltOADllKAD. New York, August 20th, 1850. 306 The above will satisfy any one that my vegetable ap- plication not only brought away bis clap in u few hours, but cured him of the most painful affection, swelled testicle, that ever accompanies this disease. Now, just compare this simple, but only rapidly effi- cacious treatment, as yet known, with that which is followed—almost universally followed—by the Profes- sion. The first thing they would do for you, would be to restrict your diet to mere nothing, make you gulp down salts and senna, or some other powerful laxative; the next, they would apply from five to twenty-Bve leeches to the affected part, andif there was a general fever, apply the lance, and rid you of so much blood, that it would take you a long time to recover your strength. Well, after the inflammatory symptoms had subsided, then you would be ready for that, to them, heroic remedy, the stomach-revoltcr, copaiva, mixed up with cubebs, turpentine, nitre, &c , &c. In the course of three or four weeks the inflammatory symptoms would probably bo gone, and the chronic state assumed; then would have to come the injections, such as tho nitrate of silver, sugar of lead, zinc, tannin, alum, &c. In the courso of another few weeks the discharge probably would be so much reduced as to leave merely a little in the morning, such as a drop, or the lips of the canal glued together at that time, and may be, just before passing urine. Every physician who knows anything of these diseases, will now tell you, there has a stricture formed in the canal, which must be cured, or it will put an end to your existence in a most distressing manner Suppose a person don't care for all these pains, dangers, and loss of time, he would be placed in rather a peculiar situation if he was married, or the wedding- day appointed, surely. Those who have ever had this complaint, and been under their treatment, know this to be a correct statement of thousands of cases. case lxxix. Dr. Larmont: Dear Sir,—This is to certify, that you cured roc of a gonorrhoea in one day. I had previously had the dis- ease for some time. D. M. Cokbyn. New York, June 8th, 1850. 301 CASE LXXX. This is to certify, that Dr. Larmont cured mo of a gonorrhoea, chancres, (syphilis), and a large inflamed bubo, without the bubo being opened. He drove it away entirely in a little while. The gonorrhoea he stopped in a few hour3. 1 had the disease some time be- fore coming to him. Cassimer Deroud. New York, July 20th, 185C. CASE LXXXI. This is to certify, that Dr. Larmont cured a gonorrhoea for me, by a local application, after I had been under the treatment of another doctor for some time, con- tinually getting worse. W. N. Craft. New York, March 13th, 1850. CASE lxxxii. Dr. Larmont stopped a gonorrhoea for me at two different times, by one local application at each time. New York, April 8th, 1852. case lxxxiii. Dr. Larmont cured me within twenty-four hours, of a gonorrhoea, without pain, by a single local application He done the same about nine months since- New York, Feb. 18th, 1852. cases lxxxiv—v, *vi, vn, vm, and ix. I first came to Dr. Larmont after I had been under a number of physicians for a weakness of the canal of the penis, caused by a gonorrhoea not being cured soon enough, as I had not been properly cured for some threo years. Dr. Larmont then cured me in a few days, and has in five other cases done the same within twenty-four hours, with one local application. J. T. W---. New York, July 26th, 1851. 308 CASE xc. Dr. Larmont: You cured me of a gonorrhoea with a single appli- cation, and four doses of medicine, in twelve hours. ] had before had it for six months, all tho time taking medicine. W«. JVJ----. New York, Sept. 6th, 1851. case xcr. This is to certify, that Dr. Larmont, of 42 Reade st, cured ine in two weeks of syphilis, after I had been under tho charge of Drs H---, P----, W----, R—-, S---, C----, and It----, for more tban a year, with- out getting any better, notwithstanding their giving me mercury, potassia, copavia, &c. J. M----. New York, March 25th, 1852. Those afflicted with syphilis, can judge of the impo- sition and swindling practiced upon the innocent though ignorant persons, by pretenders, assuming the title of physicians, the better to palm off by long advertisements in the papers, their quack nostrums, for this patient, and many others who have given me these different cer- tificates, used the two prominent ones, besides being under a number of family and special practice-doctors. It will be seen, that all combined could only rid him of his money, and not tho disease. case xcii. About two years ago, I called on Dr.----, alias---- and ----, of D----street, on the appcaranco of a go- norrhoea, who agreed to cure me in a few days, but in- stead of that, after using injections and medicines for a long time, he ended it by leaving mc with a gleet and stricture, which he kept on treating me for, till I had boen under him for about eight month3, and paid him about $20. 1 left him and went to Dr.----F----st., and was under his charge for about three months, and paid him about $30. But, as I was getting worse, I left him, and went to Dr.----, A----street, staid under him about six months, and paid him about $50, and 309 while under him, I got so bad that I could not pass urine only in drops, as----or----, had not passed a bougie into the bladder at all, but only down to the stricture, which was all they conld do. One of them told me I would forever remain impotent. When I had an emission at night no semen conld pass. I always paid strict attention to all of their di- rections, as I had postponed my wedding-day three separate times. I then called on Dr. Larmont, 42 Reade st., who soon passed a bougie into the bladder without pain, and found three permanent indurated strictures. In two months from the time he commenced his treatment, I got married; my procreative organs became natural, and my wife enciente. I hereby say, and am willing to take my oath, that I fully believe no other surgeon or physician could have cured me but Dr. Larmont, or, at any rate, without cutting the urethra open for at least five inches, the Btrictured portion of the penis ; as I had consulted four or five other doctors who gave me that opinion. J. H. A New York, Dec. 3d, 1851. This gentleman was presented, in due course of time, with one of the finest of boys, by his excellent lady, both of whom are in good health. case xcm. Dr. Larmont cured me without pain, of syphilis, of some time standing, after I had used mercury for ten days previous, and all the time getting worse, yet he cured me in two days. A. Warino. New York, Nov. 5th, 1851. case xciv. Dootor Larmont cured me in a short time of gleet and strictures, without pain, which had existed for a number of months, notwithstanding my having paid hundreds of dollars, for the best medical services in the country, all to no purpose; for an affection or ulceration of my 310 kidneys, which is the most harassing of diseasos, for it cannot be reached only by the action of medicines. New York, May 10th, 1852. case xcv. About eight months ago, I came to Dr. Larmont, with a chancre and bubo, which I had been treated for to no benefit; he cured the chancre in a few days, but the bubo he had to open. After he doctored me a few weeks for it, and as it was not entirely well, and I had not much to do, I went to the hospital, and staid there two months, but still they could not cure me. I then returned to Dr. Larmont, who cured me in a short time. H. Chabot. Now York, May 3d, 1852. CASE XCVI. A year ago, Dr. Larmont cured me in two days of ohoncres (syphilis) after I had been under other phy- sicians for three weeks, but all the time getting worse. He has now done the same again within,that short time, notwithstanding I called on Dr.----, corner C----st. and Broadway; and was under his care for about throe weeks, and every day getting worse. George B---- New York, April 15th, 1852. The above is another proof that quack remedies are impositions. case xcvn. Dr. Larmont: I hod been affected with an ulcerated leg, for some three years or more, arising from an old syphilitio dis- ease, in connection with the abusive use of mercury, which laid me on my bed for a number of weeks, as it covered my entire leg from the knee down to the foot. Previous to the leg being so affected, I had ulcers on my body, head and face, for which I was constantly under 311 treatment by other physicians, to no benefit, as no sooner than one place was healed, another showed itself. In less than two weeks after commencing your treatment, 1 was able to go out, and attend to my business, and have been getting better, till I was well in body and mind in a few weeks. J. G. T----• New York, Deo. 9th, 1851. CASE XCVIII. I contracted a gonorrhoea about six months ago, and applied to a number of physicians, besides using the quack remedies, but still the disease run into a gleet, which Dr. Larmont cured with one local application, yet I, at the same time, had a stricture, which he also cured. Wm. K. New York, April 24th, 1862. CASE XCIX. For a long time I was under Dr. M----for the euro of gonorrhoea, and kept getting worse. When I first went to him he said he would cure me in a few days, as the disease had only just, developed itself. I was unable to work for some time, and when I came to Dr. Lar- mont the inflammation of the bladder was so high as to cause me to pass water thirty times a day. Dr. Lar- mont cured me in a day, so that I went to work, and am now as well as ever. Georoe D----. New York, April Ilth, 1850. CASS C. M. Larmont, surgeon, 42 Reado street, New York, cured me with one application, without pain, in a few hours, of an old gonorrhoea. I had been under the oharge of two other physicians previous to applying to him, and used every one of the advertised remedies, yet all the timo getting no better. A friend that Dr. L. had cured, sent me to him. Georoe S----. New York, January 17th, 1851. , 312 CASE CI. Dr. Larmont cared me of an old syphilitic disease, without mercury, in a short time, after I had been under other physicians without benefit. J. Auhcenbalt. New York, November 14th, 1851. CASE en. About a year ago Dr. Larmont cured me of constitu- tional syphilis, complicated with scrofula, without my being obliged to relinquish my daily occupation. Be- fore applying to him I had been under the charge of Drs. L----, M----and B----, for a long time, without any improvement. I applied to each in the order here named. It is now a number of years since I contracted the infection. W. V. L----. New York, April 20th, 1852. case cm. Dr. Larmont cured me in a few days of syphilis, after I had been under three other physicians for a long time, besides Dr. H----, and still getting worse. J. Burns. New York, January 20th, 1852. case civ. For three years I had been afflicted with a gleet, three strictures so bad, that at one time I could not pass urine for twelve hours, and chancres, succeeded by con- stitutional syphilis. All the time I was under treat- ment in this and other cities, whioh cost me hundreds of dollars, and great loss of time, till I called on Dr. Larmont, who in a few days cured me of the chancres, and in a few weeks of the syphilis, sore throat, and other soreness. My throat was well in a few days, and the pains left me after I had taken but three pills. The gonorrhoea he brought away in one day, by one appli- cation, and the strictures he cured entirely in a few days. James M——. New York, May 1st, 1852. 313 Dr. Larmont cured me of a gonorrhoea and stricture. of about six months' standing, in a short time. I had been under tho charge of a number of doctors, without any benefit. John T---- New York, January 7th, 1852. Dr. Larmont cured me of an old gonorrhoea and stricture in a short time, after Dr. M----tried to no purpose for three months. R----S---- New York, October 31st, 1851. From a badly-treated gonorrhoea, the discharge con- tinued for a Icing time, finally terminating in a gleet and stricture, with a weakness of the canal. After being under Drs. R----and D---- L., as well ae a Dumber of physicians in other cities, Dr. Larmont cured me in a short time by local treatment, without using but very little medicine to strengthen the canal. His treatment was without caustic or pain. B—— New York, July 14th, 1851. Charleston, S. C, is Mr. B's residence. case cviii. Dr. Larmont cured me of an old gonorrhoea in a few hours, by one application, without pain. I had been under treatment before going to him. It is now soma weeks since the cure. New York, December 10th, 1851. Dr. Larmont cured me of an old gonorrhoea, with one application, without pain, in a few hours after I had doctored for some time, as 1 had it for over six months, before coming to him. R W. W——«. New York, Nov. 18th, 1851. 26* 314 CASE CX. Tioga Co., Feb., 1852. Dr. Larmont : Sir,—The bubo is well. Respectfully, yours, H----. case cxi. N----, Mass., Feb., 1852. M. Larmont : There is no discharge for some time, and think 1 am well. ,, Yours, respectfully, F----. CASE CXII. Canada West, Dec, 1852. Doctor,—The sores are all healed. Yours, C----. CASE CXIII. Dr. Larmont cured me of an old gonorrhoea, with one local application, after I had taken medicines, &c., to no benefit. R. Ironsides. case cxiv. New York, April 6th, 1850. Dr. Larmont: I suffered the most any one could with syphilis, for over four months. I applied to a physician who said he would cure me in a week, as I had the sore only a day ; but, instead of being cured in that time of the simple chancre, he done me no good, and the disease progressed till I had two bubos, one he allowed to break, which pained me awfully, and left five large hard blue places. After being laid up four months, I applied to you from the advice of friends, and in three days I was able to go to work; and you cured me in a few days longer, so perfectly, that no trace of it can be seen. All who do not wish to be kept in bed by other physicians, 315 as I was, should apply to you, and they are certain of a speedy cure. Yours, most obediently, case cxv. Dr. Larmont cured me of constitutional syphilis, ul- cers all over my body, and pains and debility, to such an extent as not only to deprive me of work for a month, but of sleep, only at short intervals of the night. 1 was all the time from the first appearance of it, first under Dr. -----, L--- street, to no benefit, then to two Thompsonian physicians, then to Dr's F----& C----, and, still getting worse, I then called on Dr. Larmont, in the situation stated in the first part of this certificate, with the addition of gonorrhoea and stricture, which they all in succession treated without benefit. In one week after Dr. Larmont took me in charge, I commenced work, and increased in strength and health rapidly, till I was entirely cured of the whole, in two months' time. J— H— D---. New York, July 1st, 1851. CASE cxvi. This is to certify, that after paying Dr. H—, of D-— street, for curing me of gonorrhoea in its first stage, which be promised to do in three or four days, that he kept me taking the worst kind of medicines for two months, and still I was getting worse. He refused to return me my money, after he had tried everything, mercury included, as he himself told me. I then went to another place, and he still made me worse. I then, through the advice of a friend, called on Dr. Larmont, with a bubo and the worst kind of gonorrhoea, which pained me a good deal. Dr. L. cured me of the bubo in a few hours, and of the gonorrhoea in a few days, with- out pain or hindrance. C ----. New York, August 16th, 1850. case cxvii. Dr. Larmont: You have cured me as you said you would, of syphi- lis, caught about a year and a half ago, and for the curs 316 of which I was under other physicians a long time, at a very heavy expense. This you have done without mer- cury, or even requiring me to lay by from work a single day. N. E. M----. New-York, July 23d, 1850. CASE CXVIII. This is to certify that Dr. Larmont cured me in a few hours, after I bad the gonorrhoea, since the first of May last, and had been given up by Doctors J----and H— ; the lost gave me drops for about seven weeks. Wm. B---. New York, July 20th, 1850. CASE CXIX. This is to certify that you cured me of a gonorrhoea of the canal of the penis, and of the anus, in a few days, after I had been under tho care of another physician, for over two months. Eugene C------. New York, Sept. 11th, 1850. CASE CXX. Last December I contracted a gonorrhoea; as soon as I saw it, I commenced taking the different advertised remedies, which I have used up to this time, or within a day or two, till I came to Dr. Larmont, by the advice of a friend, and who cured me without pain, by using one application. The medicine I took previously had only changed the disease into the chronic or gleety state. Georoe M. S---. New York, April 19, 1851. > Nine days after being cured. $ CASE cxxi. Dr. Larmont cured me of a gonorrhoea that I had taken medicines for, for over two months, without benefit, by a single application. New York, April 26th, 1851 317 case cxxn. Dr. Larmont : You cured me of a gonorrhoea with one application, after I hod been under another physician over two weeks, to no benefit. N. McM----. New York, Feb. 19th, 1851. CASE CXXIII. Six months ago, I applied to Dr. M----and an- other physician for the cure of a gonorrhoea. They gave me medicines and injections, till it ended in gleet, which Dr. Larmont cured me of, with a single vegetable appli- cation, so that I was as well as I ever was, in a few hours. John W----. New York, Sept. 30th, 1850. case cxxiv. Dr. Larmont : You cured me with one local application, in a few hours, of a gonorrhoea. J. V. F . New York, Feb. 1st, 1851. cases cxrv and cxxvi. Dr. Larmont : You cured me in a few hours of gonorrhoea, by your local application, after I had been under another doctor for some time. You also cured a female in a day or two, that had it. Welean Smith. New York, Deo. 17th, 1850. cases cxxvu and cxxvm. Dr. Larmont: Dear Sir,—You cured me of a gonorrhoea of over a year's standing, after another physician could not—by your single local application. In two other coses you did the same by one application. Jersey City, Dec. 27th, 1850. 318 case cxxix. N. H., Conn., March 29th, 1851. Dear Sir; About five weeks since I called on you, and got some remedies, which cured the female in one week, to the great joy and satisfaction of the person, who had taken medicine for three months to no purpose. rW— G. To Dr. Larmont. case cxxx. Albany, June 17th, 1851. Dear Sir : The remedy you gave me cured my complaint. Yours, in haste, S. R---. To Dr. Larmont. case cxxxi. Dr. Larmont: Dear Sir,—I am happy to say you cured me of gonorrhoea in a day or two, with one application with- out pain, after I had used the advertised remedies with- out avail. I should here say, I had a stricture for three years, which you also cured without caustic or pain, within two weeks. Through carelessness, in rub- bing my eyes, I inoculated them with the gonorrhoea, which I am thankful to you for curing in two days. J. C.---. New York January 16th, 1850. case cxxxii. Dr. Larmont: Dear Sir,—After having been under treatment fof about three weeks without being cured of a gonorrhoea, I called on you, and am happy to state, that you stopped the discharge in five or six hours. C. Laudt. New York, April 26th, 1850. 319 case cxxxiii. Lost June I was affected with a venereal disease, and applied to a physician for its cure. After being un- der his caro for about nine months, I became so much worse, that one testicle was three times the usual siae, and very painful. I then applied to Dr. Larmont, 42 Reado St., who entirely cured me in a very short Umf- ,r , „ N- F- E---• Brooklyn. New York, May 16th, 1850. CASE CXXXIV. This is to certify, that I applied to Dr. H----, D---- street, for the cure of a delicate disease in its first stage. He said he could cure me in a few days. I was under him for a long time without being cured. I then went to Dr. J----, D----street, with the same result. From him I went to Dr. M----, W----street, with no better success. The time I was under the treatment of the above persons was from February to October of 1849. I then called on Dr. M----, F----street, Dr. R----, G----street, and Dr. B----, Broadway, and they told me I could not be cured without an operation with tho knife. I then called on Dr. Larmont, 42 Reade street, who told me he could cure me with medicines and local applications* without mercury, which he has done. J. H. Demarest. New York, Feb. 23d, 1850. My spaoe and time will not allow me to add but a few more names from the many certificates not men- tioned in the previous pages, instead of copying them in full, for I nave already given so many of all the diseases of a private nature, that all must be convinced ef the unapproachable and unparalleled cures ever performed in this or any other country. I shall only give this additional one in detail. CASE cxxxv. For nearly four years, I had been afflicted with a gen- eral derangement of the whole system, such as indigos- 320 tion, costiveness, impaired memory, great suffering and depression of spirits, a threatening destruction of the virile power, or with impotency, swelling of the testicles, seminal emissions, and a very frequent suffering and ne- cessity of passing urine, both day and night, causing loss of sleep, and with a stricture of tho urethra. Dur- ing the above time I was under the charge, and followed the advice of a number of physicians, wearing trusses, bandages, using cold baths, yet constantly getting worse, till a friend sent me to Dr. Larmont, 42 Reade street, who, I am happy to say, has cured me in less than a month, by local treatment only. By the third night after his treatment commenced, 1 slept without getting up to urinate. I have been as well since the cure as I over was. I can recommend full reliance on his medical and professional assurances. The bandages were all immediately laid off, on coming to him. C. C. B. New York, June 10th, 1851. CASES CXXXVI AND CXXXVII. Mr. W. Fink and Mr. D. Harpen would be pleased to verify to any one, in person, the truth, that Dr. Lar- mont cured them by one vegetable application, in a few hours, of very bad gonorrhoea, which had been under treatment a long time previously. to I must acknowledge it is gratifying to receive such an evidence of proof, as the short extract below—and the letters in the foregoing pages—from brother members of the profession. It is tho highest proof that can be rendered. Rio Grande City, Texas, 22d July, 1852. Sir: I am informed that you have a preparation of great use, in the cure of venereal affections, particularly stric- ture and genital debility. Large quantities can be dis- posed of, on this frontier. Our balsamic preparations, do not fill the desired purpose, of a certain and speedy cure of gonorrhoea. I am a practicing physician, a graduate of the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, and would be pleased to have the use of such remedies, 321 If you are disposed to establish an agency in this coun- try. Your directions in relation to terms, use, &c, will be in all cases strictly followed out. Very respectfully, Thos. P. Linton, M. D. Dr. M Larmont, New York. CHAPTER XXT7. A FFW WORDS OP ADVICE TO PATIENTS AFFECTED WITH WHAT ARE GENERALLY TERMED "VENEREAL DIS- EASES." I do not think it is necessary for me to present any further remarks in reference to my own ability and su- perior manner of curing all of these poisonous affections —in an incredible (almost) short space of time—than the unmistakable proofs presented by the large number of certificates—covering every private infection or dis- ease of the genital organs—acknowledgments from physicians, and the editorial testimonials which will complete the work. These notices were published with- out my knowledge, as the notices themselves say, they are representations of some of the most eminent physi- cians who aro acquainted with my practice. I wish to put every afflicted person on their guard against designing impostors and the quack or advertised remedies which nearly fill a column of some of the city papers, not only lauding their pretended virtues, but with a baseness that is really surprising, assert that they are the only known cure in the world. Such a declaration alone should convince any one that they are worthless and dangerous compounds, which my numerous certificates so truthfully verify. In conclu- sion, if any orte, after reading this work, still places confidence in quack remedies, they can go to any drug store and get them made up for themselves at the trifling expense, probably, of twenty-five cents. 322 A SAMPLE OF THE INGREDIENTS, COMPOSING THE DIF- FERENT ADTERTISED OR Q'JACK REMEDIES. Red Drops.—This is a dangerous preparation, con- sisting of corrosive sublimate, dissolved in alcohol, and colored with compound spirits of lavender. Unfortunate''s Friend.—Make a decoction of sarsa- parilla root, rasped guaicum, elder flowers and resins, of each a quarter of a pound; mazerian root, burdock root, parsley root, and whortleberry leaves, of each two ounces; liquorice root, half a pound. Put them all to- gether in one gallon of water, and boil in a covered vessel down to a quart, and strain; while the decoction is warm add of balsam copaiva, sweet spirits of nitre, of each half a pound; powdered gum Arabic, white sugar, cubebs and carbonate of soda, of each a quarter of o pound. Dose—a wine-glass full occasionally. Every one will see by the above that all quack reme- dies are composed of either mercury, copaiva or cubebs, disguised by mixing them with other remedies. 1 have it hundred different prescriptions which I could give if time and space allowed, every one of which contains either the one or the other of these three articles, which gome combine with injections and washes, composed of mercury, caustics, alum, lead, zinc, &c, under the head of lotions. As another instance of the deception prac- ticed in this and other cities iu private practice, I will mention the fact of one man having three offices, under as many different names. With three or four exceptions, there are no regularly educated physicians in this practice, besides myself, in the city, notwithstanding the great number of names in the papers assuming to be such. Ricord of Paris, Acton of London, and every Euro- pean surgeon and physician of standing who have pub- lished works on private diseases, say there are five va- rieties of primary syphilis, and two when they havo become constitutional; and that each kind requires a different treatment. How persons, then, who have 323 not had the necessary ixpericnce in tho cure of these diseases, expect to be able to rid their patients of such a dangerous affection., every sensible unfortunate had better find out beforo they put themselves under their care. Gonorrhoea, blennorrhagia or clap, is as distinct a dis- ease from syphilis, and requires as distinct treatment as small-pox and cholera. Syphilis affects the system, but the clap is local in its action, producing such local com- plications as swelling of the testicles, phimosis, para- phimosis, inflammation of the bladder, prostate gland, stricture, bubo and gleet. The eyes may sometimes be affected sympathetically. Each one of these stagos or complaints require dif- ferent treatment. All the medicine in the world cannot cure a stricture, or gleet. The same medicines that might be beneficial in a case of clap has no effect on a gleet, or the nose or eyes when they have been inocu- lated with the discharge. The eyes have been destroyed in twenty-four hours by the rapid progress of the disease, when direct inoculation has taken place. Any person, then, who is acquainted with these diseases, and sells a quack remedy as a cure-all, do so to get your money —and without the remotest idea that you will be bene- fited by taking them. I have not given full descriptions of the various forms of venereal diseases ; nor have I referred to my treat- ment, or entered into the details of the various modes of relief. As I have often said, each case requires that treatment which the symptoms and disease indicate; and medicines in the hands of the ignorant, irresolute, or timid patient, does more harm than good. In this way only can we hope to rescue the afflicted from making a degrading application to a more degraded quack, or the unfeeling and dangerous routine of the regular but inexperienced graduate. 324 DON'T FAIL TO READ THIS ADVICE TO THE AFFLICTED. The moment you discover that you have contracted a private disease, or if you have had any affection of the kind, at any time previous—even years before—and which you have .supposed you were cured of, by your country or other physicians, apply to me for this reason. Few physicians have ever been taught anything about the treatment of venereal diseases. Even if they had, it was that of tho old mercurial or copavia remedies, and which often causes more injury and suffering than the original disease. Further—this, as well as more en- larged works, too plainly show, that many are pro- nounced cured—by inexperienced physicians—who get married, the disease is reproduced by the timo which may have elapsed, and the extra excitement such an event generally produces, and the unsuspecting victim finds that ho is yet affected, also the child, if the wife happens to be pregnant. In some cases, the child may not show any signs of being affected for some years after it has been born. Sooner or later, however, it will show itself in the whole circle, if the original complaint was not entirely eradicated. Or if you have had an omis- sion involuntarily. Sit down and write me a full state- ment, by giving your age and sex—single or married ; when you had the suspicious connection, and when you cohabited with your wife last. Whether bilious or nervous temperament; complexion, habits, and occu- pation. Then state the case, symptoms, duration of illness, and supposed cause, and whether your bowels are regular. Then refrain from everything that is stimulating; keep the parts clean, and be careful not to inoculate the eyes, nose, anus, or any other part, with the poison. I can then send you the necessary remedies by mail or express—state which you prefer—in time to check, and permanently cure you at once, even if you are in the remotest part of the Union or British Pro- vinces. All my packages sent are sealed, so as to bo proof against detection : and as they are so rapid and con- 325 venient in destroying the disease, you can cure yourself, even amongst the most fastidious friends with perfect secrecy. Letters for advice or treatment must contain the usual fee, or they cannot be noticed, as my time is so much occupied that 1 cannot even read letters that do not pay me for my time. Those who reside in small or inquisitive places, need only write the following on their letters: " Box 71, Broadway Post-office, New York." I shall get them just as safe as I would if my own name was superscribed on them. Patients who apply personally, should be careful and notice the No. 42 Reade street, corner of Broadway, New York, opposite Stewart's Marble Palace. N. B.—Not the drug store. My office is divided of! into separate rooms, so that patients are only seen by myself. CHAPTER XXV. PREVENTING CONCEPTION. Married people, as will be seen in a preceding chapter, have used various modes, to prevent an increase of fam- ily, to a larger extent than the health of the female or pecuniary circumstances would allow ; and I there men- tion the injury the male sustains, from withdrawing the penis just as the semen is about to be ejected. Neither this or the medicines and mechanical appliances, here- tofore claimed as preventives to conception, can be relied on; even if they could, they should not be adopted, for the reasons, that the first injures the male, and will cause emissions and impotency, and the last named remedies, every person on a moment's reflection, must be convinced that sooner or later they will injure the female. 326 TREATMENT OF FEMALE DISEASES. But a very few physicians correctly understand the different complaints, the delicate constitution of females are subject to. The most frequent complaints to which they are liable, aro the irregularity of the menses, and prolapsus uteri, or a falling of the womb, accompanied or produced by fluor albus, or whites Either of theso difficulties will cause consumption, if they are neglected, or allowed to progress, and the proper treatment for their cure not understood. Those who wish to be cured of fluor albus, (whites,) or prolapsus uteri, (falling of the womb,) can do so by giving me a full statement of their case. N. B.—The usual fee must be remitted when making the application, or the value of my time will prevent its being noticed. CERTIFICATES. From a German Physician. New York, December 12, 1853. Dr. Larmont. Dear Sir,—1 know all about the best treatment of the diseases upon which your work treats, as I resided in France several years, but still know nothing equal to the cures effected by you. Respectfully, DR. J. D. From a Physician in Florida. I treated myself a number of months for the cure of a Chronic Gonorrhoea without success, and hearing from patient of mine that Dr. Larmont had cured him and others of his acquaintances in a very short time, I re- solved—as I was to be married in three weeks—not to 321 lose any more time, but to extend.my visit as far north as New York, and put myself under his care at once. It is with the greatest pleasure that I bear witness to his having cured me entirely, in forty-eight hours, and of course advise all who are similaily situated to em- ploy him, to render them the same kind services. DR. A. G. From an old Physician in Virginia. It is with heartfelt gratitude that I state an additional remarkable cure of Dr. Larmont, as he cured me in less than two months of Impotency, with all its compli- cated general derangements, which I had labored under for many years, notwithstanding all the treatment which my position, as an old physician, enabled me to obtain. It is about a year since the cure, and I there- fore know it to be permanent, though my age is very far advanced. DR. C--- C. I can only add short extracts from two or three other Certificates of Cures. I was treated by other doctors three months, for tho cure of a Clap, but Dr. Larmont cured me in one day. CASPER GEISINGER, 40 Delancy street. I had been under the care of about thirty physicians withiu twelve years, to be cured of Impotency and its various complications, yet finally, I was obliged to go to Dr. Larmont, who cured me in about two months. J. S. R. I was totally Impotent for over 8 years, the semen was almost constantly oozing from the urethra ; I had been under the care of a number of Professors in the Medical Colleges, and eminent physicians iu this and other cities, and was given up as having Consumption, (hav- ing a cough,) Heart disease, and almost every symptom 328 of disease that the human system is affected with, but Dr. Larmont cured mb entirely iu about three months without cauterization. F. S. My brother and myself have used the humbug instru- ment, which a doctor advertises will cure seminal dis- eases, but I grew worse, and ho became insane from the seminal loss. We used them nearly two years. G. A. Y., Connecticut. Dr. Larmont cured me of Diurnal and Nocturnal emissions in one week, ufter I had been given up as incurable. J. G. I was cured by Dr. Larmont, of Impotency and Diur- nal Emissions in one week, by local treatment only. J. E. P., Vermont. Constitutional Syphilis caused ray body to be covered with deep Ulcers. I paid the most eminent professor, paysiciau and surgeon in this country $100. and was under his charge one year to no benefit, as iny body was the same when I went to Dr. Larmont, but he cured me in about three months. G. L., New Jersey. We advise every person—whether married or single- to procure a copy of the Medical Adviser and Marriage Guide, illustrated with colored anatomical plates, and numerous cases. The author, Mr. Larmont, Physi- cian and Surgeon, mails them free to any address on the receipt of $1, directed to " Box 71, Broadway Post Office," or at his office, 42 lieade St., coiner of Broad- way. New York. Sold also bv Stringer & Tow'nsend, 222 Broadway, and at tli© Broadway Post Office. The Doctor's consultation hours are from 11 A. M. till 2 P. M., and from 6 till 9 in tho evening.—N. Y. Pick. 329 OwHioNa of the Press editorially, and mart eminent Physicians, in favor of my sijperiob ABILITY. From the Rahway Advocate and Register. We wish to call the attention of our readers to the ad- vertisement of M. Larmont, Surgeon, of 42 Reade street, New York. We have seen the manusciipt of his forthcoming work, and are satisfied that a know- ledge of its contents will be the means of rescuing thousands of individuals from an early grave. This is also the opinion of a number of eminent New York phy- sicians that we have met, who are acquainted with his new and superior mode of treating all diseases of a private nature, for it is time that quackery should be suppressed. Dr. L's reputation for quick cures is well- established, not only in the city, but in all the States, the West Indies, the British Possessions, etc. From the Essex (Elizabethtown,) Standard. We are assured by a friend, in whose judgment we| place great confidence, that the doctor's forthcoming work will be found worthy of the attention of all those for whose benefit it is designed. From the New Brunstoick Times. We have known Dr. Larmont for a number of years, and not only coincide with the above, but are well con- vinced that tho assertions made in his advertisement (in another column,) may be relied on as strictly true. Those interested, will, therefore, be able to shun the impostors who infest New York and other cities. From the National Police Gazette, New York. We take pleasure in referring to the advertisement of Dr. Larmont, in another column From the Rahway Advocate and Register. Dr. Larmont, of 42 Reade street. New York, has fully satisfied us that stricture of the urethra is one of 3o0 the most dangerous complaints that man is afflicted with. The reason is, every one is liable, for it is not caused by private disease only, in more than a tithe of the cases; another and greater reason is, its progress and fatal development is so insidious that the victim is unconscious of danger, till he is at the brink of eternity. From the Rahway Advocate and Register. Diseases of a private nature, as almost every person is aware, are entirely different from those of a general character; that is, the private one is entirely local at first, but if allowed to remain uncured for more than a very few days indeed, is absorbed into the system, and of course becomes general. It will be seen by Dr. Larmont's new advertisement, that he publishes some remarkable certificates of immediate cures. From the Rahway Advocate and Register. . We are satisfied that there are many innocent, or, m other words, diseases of the generative system, which all are liable to have however moral a life they may lead, and we are further satisfied that a physician like Dr. Larmont, of 42 Reade street. New-York, who has received his education from the highest sources, and who has for years dovoted his entire attention to their cure, is fully able to treat them successfully. From the Essex (Elizabethtown) Standard, N. J. We fully agree with the above editorial notice, and can say further, that Dr. Larmont's advertisement, in another column, says no more than he does daily. From the New York Day Book. An eminent physician of this city, who has been ac- quainted with Dr. Larmont, of 42 Reade street, for a number of years, assures us that his treatment of those diseases, belonging to that specially arising from indis- cretion, &c., is unequaied. We, therefore, fully indorse the encomiumc of the New Brunswick Times, Essex Elizabeth town Standard, and Rahway Advocate and- Register, of N. J. 331 We tako pleasure in recording merit, and especially so when acknowledged by those of the same profession, and for that reason copy the above in reference to the ability of Dr. Larmont, 42 Reade street.—Notice from the Sunday Dispatch. From the National Democrat. Being convinced, from the highest professional as well as other assurances, the encomiums of the New York Day Book, Essex Standard, New Brunswick Times, Rahway Advocate and Register, (of New Jersey,) and the Sunday Dispatch, are only an acknowledgment of superior merit, we fully acquiesce in them in regard to Dr. Larmont of 42 Reade street, New York. Editorial Extract from tlie New York Staatszeitung. Dr. Larmont's system of curing Venereal Diseases is the quickest, cheapest, and surest of any with which we are acquainted. Dr. Larmont receives patients of either sex at his Office, 42 Reade street, corner Broadway. The latest cures that have been effected by the Doctor have established his reputation on so firm a basis, that his time is fully occupied by the most respectable patients. From the New York Courier Des Etats Unis, July 28, 1853. We suppose to do some service to the public in call- ing their attention to the work advertised to-day in our columns under the title of " Medical Adviser and Marriage Guide." Its author, Dr. Larmont, is a sur- geon whose name is already known throughout Europe, and the work is written with as much conscience as science. The Doctor does not think he has done enough yet to humanity with his pen, for he can be consulted every day for all kinds of diseases. Editorial Notice of the Reform {German Daily.) Dr. Larmont's method of cureing all Venereal Dis- eases,—as we are assured by many persons who have. 332 had the advantage of his professional abilities—is the quickest and surest of all. We beg to call tho attention of our readers to his advertisement in another column of our paper. From the. Empire City. We warned our readers against the Quack impostors, alios Doctors, who post up their decoy obscenities on the lamp posts, fences, etc., in violation, of the city ordinan- ces ; and the better to prevent the afflicted from falling into their snares, advise them to read Dr. Larmont's advertisement in another column, and purchase his valuable work, as we coinoido fully with the Editorial's of all the papers, referred to in his work. The Medical Adviser.—This book, as published by Dr. Larmont, purports to give a synopsis of the causes, symptoms, and most certain oure of all those diseases brought on by the indiscretions of youth and to which they are especially subjected in a city like this. The price is only one dollar.—National Police Gazette. Doctor Larmont's Work, advertised in another column should be in the hands of every person old enough to read. We know there are hundreds of thousands who are bringing disease upon themselves without knowing it, as family or general practitioners have not the opportunity to investigate the cause of the speciality of which this work treats.—National Police Gazette. * * We not only agree to all of the above, but take pleasure in saying that Surgeon Larmont has sold thousands of his valuable work within a few months, in the different sections of this great country. He mails his Medical Adviser and Marriage Guide, with colored anatomical plates, which every person should read, to any address free of postage, on the receipt of one dollar. Send for it.—JV. Y. Pick. Testimonials from physicians of the most eminent ability can be seen, with his Diploma, at his office. No odo now. after all these evidences, need go astray. !l'"'..|iiiHi l!! ! l.liiilVlIM .l'1 i ; ;■ I !]• .mi; ijil .........'-i-Mlnjiiiillili] i \\m i 03