CuT-TAN^S 
F R 0 Wl 
. JNEW-YORKUERALD 
CONTAINING; AN AGCO ONT OF THE ILLNESS 
OF ■ . 
'President GY R HELD 
I 881 NEW VORK HERALD 
HOPE IN THE WHITE HOUSE. 
There is lots of hope about the White House. No- 
body can be found to say there is any great degree of 
probability that death is only delayed. On the other 
hand few can be found without the Executive Man- 
sion who believe otherwise. The situation as pre- 
sented in the Herald this morning was read here 
■with interest, and has been canvassed as presenting 
tbe only conclusions to be drawn from the repeated 
relapses and the failure of the patient to recover the 
ground he made good after the relapse preceding. 
To-day, after it has been spread broadcast that the 
improvement of the President is marked by the 
most favorable symptoms, the pulse dauciug up to 
116 at noon tells how the fluttering heart struggled 
to perform its functions. 
WHAT THE BULLETIN DID NOT TELL. 
But the bulletin leaves an important fact untold, 
it does not suy that which is none the less true that 
within the last thirty-six hours that pulse has ranged 
nearer 120 than 106; that it touched 120 more times 
than it reached 110, or thatat the morning examina- 
tion when it was recorded at 102, the minimum figure 
was taken aud the average of that cool morning 
J hour following a tolerably restful sleep was 110. 
These are facts not told in the official reports, whose 
object clearly seems to be, and naturally enough, 
too, to give the mast hopeful side. 
NOT A PLEASANT' OUTLOOK. 
From the facts that have been learned to-day, and 
oven from those same hopeful bulletins, no one can 
draw the conclusion that healing wings have been 
spread over the sufferer, and that under their 
shadow he moves uninterruptedly on toward com- 
plete recovery. Every day of prostration adds to 
his weakness. His body already begins to show 
signs of the sick bed sores, whose fretful influences 
are so certain to work for eviL The sixtieth day of 
his prostration is nearly at hand, and not one word 
Of Stronger enconravement. la uttprwd hv Bia 
physicians to-day that were not spoken with 
a greater emphasis at any hour between 
the 6th and 23d of July, and after the 27th day of the 
same month and until the 12th of August. Ex- 
hausted by the continual drain upon his system and 
the waste of tissue caused by the suppuration of the 
old wound and the drain from hiss wollen and fester- 
ing neck ; reduced nearly two-fifths of his ordinary 
w< ight, all of which to lose is counted as certain 
death; with an irrepressible poison circulating in 
the blood and the sources trom which that 
poison is drawn still existing and furnishing 
more; with all hope dispelled of the bullet 
being encysted by the fact just discovered 
that it has moved its place; woary of his confine- 
ment, almost ready to give up the struggle and 
welcome death as a happy release, it requires much 
of hope to make a foothold for faith in his restora- 
tion. And yet everybody here has soma hope. It 
rests upon their belief in the man's strength of will, 
। in his good nursing and tbe medical and surgical 
skill, now always alert to meet and defeat all bad 
and to encourage and foster all good symptoms 
that may appear. 
CONDITION OF THE WOUND. 
To-day the wound is not in as good a condition as 
it was any time before last Thursday afternoon, at 
which time began the last rapid decline. In these 
despatches it was told how the flow of healthy pus 
had ceased, indicating that the process of granula- 
tion was going on no longer aud that from the sinus 
there exuded a watery, halt milk colored suustance, 
offensive somewhat to the smell and alarming to 
the doctors. The next night they told the Cabinet, 
"You can longer hope." Almost directly the patient 
gave signs of eliminating and forcing off the blood 
poison whose effects were thus so apparent. All 
these good signs appeared everywhere except in the 
wound. To-day that watery substance still flows. 
There has been no sign of healthy pus from the sinus 
and none at the wound at all except that which 
forms where the knife was used and above it, and 
the doctors themselves admit that the wound is not 
better since Wednesday. In short, there is not the 
least improvement in it. 
MOVEMENT OF THE BALL. 
The only news of the day is that the ball has 
moved. That fact, not fully determined yesterday, 
and spoken of in rumors not to be verified then, 
because even at the starting place there was not ver- 
ification for it, has been decided to-day. It has not 
moved much. It has scarcely shifted place the dis- 
tance to be measured by two of its own diameters. 
The direction of its movement has been downward, 
and the fact has been established by feeling 
on the outward position of the anterior 
wall of the stomach. The resistance hereto- 
fore met with in pressing upon that part 
of the stomach where the ball was located has dis- 
appeared, and at a point just below is found the 
same resistance. This fact is interpreted by the 
doctors to be a good thing, as every movement will 
bring the ball nearer a place where it may be taken 
out with greater safety and ease. Its change of po- 
sition, however, is accepted as a proof that the ball | 
has not surrounded itself with the healthy lymph 
which to eliminate it as a factor for back results is 
vitally necessary. As yet, however, there is no de- 
cided signs of an abscess in the right iliac fossa, 
but its existence, so often referred to in these de- 
spatches and editorially in the Herald, comes to be 
more than suspected. 
AN UNEVENTFUL DAY. 
Th® history of the twenty-four hours since the 
closing of these despatches is therefore almost une- 
ventful. The patient slept well and ate some more 
toast. He also had some chicken jelly and was fed 
with the beef juice fluid, extract of beef and por- 
ridge, but not in increased quantities. Mrs. Garlield 
was about him all day. He spoke with her a good 
deal and was tolerably cheerful. He slept at inter- 
vals during the day and spoke himself about the 
fluctuating pulse. 
"BOUND TO CARVE ME." 
When, as it was found necessary to do. Dr. Bliss 
came with his knife to cut into another point of 
suppuration in the glandular swelling, the patient 
said, "You are bound to carve me, I see," and turned 
his head to receive the cut. This incision was like 
those which have been made hitherto, aud the 
object of it was to relieve the parotid gland. After 
it there was another flutter of the pulse, which weut 
higher than it had before, and remained near 120 
till noon, when it came down to 116. Later in 
the afternoon the Secretary of State telegraphed 
to Minister Lowell that at two o'clock it was down 
to 110, but he sounded a note of warning by calling 
attention to the fact that it was higher than the 
other good symptoms would{seem to warrant. 
SECRETARY BLAINE'S DESPATCHES. 
These despatches of the Secretary of State have 
been somewhat criticised hitherto as being always of 
a gloomier cast than the circumstances justified. 
Since they gave the first news of the last relapse 
they are looked for with anxiety and accepted in 
preference to the bulletins issued by the doctors, as 
are the interviews of Mrs. Dr. Edson and Df. Boyn- 
ton, rather than the utterances of the regular phy- 
sicians in charge. 
NOT AS FAVORABLE. 
Despite the rather favorable character of the 
evening bulletin the condition of the sufferer is not 
as favorable to-night. He has been rather uncom- 
fortable all the evening, as he has been this atter- 
nocn. He has felt the heat, and the breezes from off 
the flats that nave swept into his rooms have been 
laden with irritating influences of some kind or 
another. 
EFFECT OF THE WARM WEATHER. 
The day was very warm, the wind being from the 
south, sweeping over the Potomac flats, and filling 
the President's room with a sultry atmosphere. He 
complained in the afternoon of the great heat, and 
the cooling apparatus was set to work to its fullest I 
capacity. As the patient insists on having the win- 
dows inside open, the cooling effect of the current 
of cold air poured into the room was not so per- 
ceptible as the physicians desired. Once before, it 
will be remembered, the same difficulty was experi- 
enced just before the relapse of August 15. These 
hot days and sultry nights are against the Presi- 
dent's comfort ana, Dr. Hamilton has said, do him 
great harm. 
THE FACE SWELLING. 
The swelling in the face has gone down consider- 
ably more on account of the capacity of the parotid 
gland to suppurate than because of its passing 
away. 
The beef extract used for the enemata in the treat- 
ment of the President is made at the army dis- 
pensary of beef furnished from the Executive Man- ■ 
sion, and is prepared by Dr. Washington E. Crusor, 
a graduate of Harvard University. 
THE PULSE. 
His pulse, taken as usual at its minimum figure, 
shows a decrease since noon of seven beats, and the 
temperature, it is true, is half a degree lower. 
Nevertheless he is fretful and almost peevish. It 
has been sought to make his bed more easy 
by using pads and jute rings, which change 
his position, and for a time they were found 
to answer the purpose for which they were in- 
tended. To-night he called for their removal. He 
talked with the doctors about the ball. He asked 
If they thought it had changed position, and how 
much. They told him, in substance, what is re- 
lated above in this connection. His inquiries were 
pointed and direct, and indicated how closely he 
himself was studying his own condition. 
GOOD REPORTS MADE. 
The general answer to-night is that everything 
continues favorable, and in the general condition of 
the patient there is no change since yesterday and 
that no new complications had shown themselves. 
The feeling about the White House is a cheerful one 
to-night. 
MBS. EDSON'S STATEMENT. 
Dr. Susan Edson said this evening that the changes 
in the President's condition, while not indicating 
any special improvement, still showed that there 
was no particular loss at all in the little ho had 
gained. 
"How did he spend last night?" was asked. 
"I only remained with him until a little before 
midnight. I guess I look tired. I felt so all day 
yesterday and the President noticed iL Be said to 
me, 'I know its your turn, but I want them to 
make some arrangements so you can get a rest to- 
night.' Dr. Boynton, who remained up the greater 
part of the night with him, says he rested pretty well 
the latter part. He looked rather bright when I 
entered the room again this morning." 
HOW THE DAY WAS PASSED. 
"How has he spent to-day?" 
"The morning dressing was quite tedious. The 
BROADWAY AMD ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. WIDNKSD.W, AUGUST 31, 188L 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO TBE HERALD.] 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion, August 30-8:30 A. M. 
The President slept the greater part of the night, 
awakening at intervals and retaining the liquid 
nourishment administered. His general condition 
this morning is about the same as at the same hour 
yesterday. Pulse, 102; temperature, 08.5; respira- 
tion, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, D. HAYES AGNEW. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion-12:30 P. M. 
At the morning dressing another small incision 
was made in the lower part of the swelling on the 
right side of the President's face, which was fol- 
lowed by a free discharge of healthy looking pus. A 
■imilar discharge took place through the other open- 
ings. The swelling is perceptibly smaller aud looks 
better. The wound remains in an unchanged con- 
dition. There has been little rise of temperature 
since morning, but the pulse is more frequent. In 
other respects the condition is about the same. 
Pulse, 116; temperature, 98.9; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, D. HAYES AGNEW, 
J. J, WOODWARD. 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion-6:30 P. M. 
The President has passed comfortably through 
the day. He has taken the usual amount of nour- 
ishment by the mouth, with stimulating enemata 
at stated periods. His rise of temperature this af- 
ternoon is a degree less than yesterday at the same 
time, and his pulse is less frequent than at noon to- 
day. The parotid swelling has been discharging 
more freely and is continuing to diminish in size. 
Pulse, 109; temperature, 99.5; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, D. HAYES AGNEW. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
SECRETARY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
The following was sent this afternoon:- 
To Lowell, Minister, London:- 
The President's condition has not materially 
changed since my last despatch. Another incision 
was made this morning in the parotid gland with 
very satisfactory results. Pus flows freely and the 
swelling grows less. The pulse at this hour (two P. 
M.) is lower than during the forenoon, as yesterday. 
But on both days it is higher than his other good 
symptoms would seem to warrant. It is now 110, 
at noon it was 116. BLAINE, Secretary. 
Executive Mansion-10:30 P. M. 
The following was just sent by Secretary Blaine:- 
To Lowell, Minister, London:- 
The President, if not rapidly advancing, is at least 
holding his own. His fever is less than last night 
and his swollen gland steadily improves. His pulse 
continues rather high, running this evening from 
110 to 111. Perhaps the best indication in the case 
is that the President himself feels better, and his 
mind being now perfectly clear he readily com- 
pares one day's progress with another. 
BLAINE, Secretary, 
HISTORY OF TRE DAY. 
Washington, August 30, 1881. 
The President is no better. Neither is he worse. 
The twenty-four hours closing at six P. M. have not 
presented a favorable symptom nor have they given 
evidence of a retrogression. The reports of this 
morning, so far as they applied to his condition, 
may therefore be taken to-day as representing al- 
most exactly what can be told of the last twenty- 
four hours. He has slept some, eaten some, taken 
some nourishment, retained the nutritive enemata, 
has held control of his mind, but has not strength- 1 
ened his grip, remains hopeful and is vastly better 
than he was on Friday night when the word went | 
forth that he was dying. gland is, of course, with every fresh incision, becom- 
ing sorer and more sensitive to the least handling. 
It took so long to properly cleanse these openings, 
and the result was a rapid jump of the pulse. 
Otherwise, however, his condition remained good 
during the dressing. He was quite relieved when it 
was all over, and, the pulse going down, he rested 
comfortably again. The gland is exceedingly painful 
and he has suffered agonies from it. Since, however, 
such good results follow by liberating the pus, that 
method will have to be taken us long as there is any 
need of it." 
"The President is not talking much?" 
"No; he remains very quiet, but he can talk very 
distinctly when disposed to do so. His jaw is too 
sore for him to make much exertion with it as he 
would naturally have to do, if he attempted rais- 
ing his voice much." 
THE NOURISHMENT. 
"How about his nourishment to-day?" 
"There has been little change in it and will not be 
as far as a return to solids is conceruel until the 
jaws are in a condition for him to masticate. He is 
not tiring of the usual line of liquid food. The bit 
of milk toast he takes can hardly be reckoned as a 
solid. The beef tea Mrs. Garfield prepares is very 
much stronger and richer than what he has 
taken all along. That this is assimilating properly 
is of much encouragement. He takes his nourish- 
ment very regularly, and I think relishes it quite as 
woll as at any time during his illness. There is 
clearly no repugnance at all to either thinking or 
partaking of it." 
"Then you think he is taking sufficient to keep 
him up?" 
"Plenty. It would be well if he could take solid 
food, but he can, it everything else remains favor- 
able, do very well with what he is taking." 
BLOOD NOT POISONED. 
"Dr. Hamilton says the President's blood is not 
poisoned. I agree with him perfectly, since the 
very appearance of it as it dropped bright and red 
on the napkin when an incision was made proves. 
Some particles of it were then subjected to micro- 
scopic tests and nothing to show the presence of 
pyasmia found. His blood looked just like that 
which would exude if a perfectly healthy person 
cut their finger-a natural color." 
"Compared with yesterday what Improvement, if 
any, has been made to-day?" 
"I am not sure of any improvement, but since 
there cannot be shown any absolute loss the stand- 
still is regarded as hopetui. The irritation from 
tho morning dressing has perhaps affected the day 
considerably, since the pulse has beeu rather un- 
steady and inclined to rise. The only bearing the 
sixtieth day has on the case is, perhaps, that the 
President hardly expected to be sick long enough to 
have to spend it in bed. No matter how slight a 
gain is in a symptom now, it strengthens a belief in 
recovery." 
DR. BLISS ON THE PATIENT'S CONDITION. 
Your correspondent had the following interview 
with Dr. Bliss to-night at half-past nine o'clock:- 
"Do you examine the lungs daily. Doctor?" 
"Yes, we examined them this morning." 
"Have you found it impracticable to discontinue 
the enemata??" 
"We have often tried to diminish the stimulating 
enemata but found that it was necessary to continue 
them. You will see from one ot our bulletins that 
we suspended the enemata for twenty-four hours at 
one period of the sickness, but it soon became evi- 
dent that the patient required them, so 
we resumed them and commenced this 
morning to administer the same regularly. 
We find that this course tends to make the pulse 
fuller and firmer. We give the enemata every four 
hours or six times in every twenty-four hours." 
MOVEMENT OF THE BALL. 
"What is this we hear about the ball moving. 
Doctor?" 
"It is believed that the ball has changed its loca- 
tion and moved lower down, say about two and a 
half inches, into the pelvic cavity, into a harmless 
spot." 
"If it is moving about in this manner I should 
think there would be a likelihood of its finally pass- 
ing out of the President." 
"Very possibly. It might shift to the vicinity of 
the rectum, and either pass out naturally or be in a 
position where it could be cut out." 
CAUSE OF SATURDAY'S DEPRESSION. 
"What cause do you assign for the great depres- 
sion that overcame the President on Friday and Sat- 
urday last?" 
"The immediate cause was the confinement to the 
gland of a quantity of pus. Sometimes pus might 
be forming lorfouror five hours before it is dis- 
covered, although we might have been all this time 
trying to find it. This was especially the cast, wnen 
the parotid gland was in the condition it was in the 
latter part of last week. It was then perfectly dense, 
and like skin stretched over a rock. Now the entire 
gland is soft." 
"How do you account for the slight rise in pulse 
and temperature at noon to-day ?" 
"I attribute It to the operation on the gland. I 
1 made amuch larger incision than any mads hereto- 
fore." 
WHY THE BALL WAS NOT TAKEN OUT. 
"Now that you have had long experience in 
the case don't you think much, if not all, of this 
trouble would have been avoided if you had probed 
for the ball while the President's strength would 
have admitted of it?" 
"The course of the ball was so irregular and cir- 
cuitous that no flexible tube ever made could have 
reached it.". 
the question of removal. 
"If you thought of removing the President I sup- 
pose you would consider this season of the year to 
be the most favorable." 
"September would be the month in which he 
would like to get him away. But this is a matter 
we have not discussed since the special 
consultation upon the subject. You must 
understand that it would be improper for 
me to give an opinion now as to the advisability of 
removing the President when the question had 
already been submitted to the counsel. The patient 
is doing well enough, and with good progress he 
might perhaps be safely removed in two or three 
weeks if it was so decided-that is, with the con- 
veniences at our command, which are greater than 
could be afforded in the case of a less distinguished 
patient, which is a very great consideration 
in the proposition of removal. In fact, 
this idea of removing the President to the Talla- 
poosa originated with himself. He says he is very 
fond of water, is a good sailor and the water always 
agreed with him. We shall not, however, be in any 
great hurry to change his quarters." 
MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATIONS. 
"What have the microscopic examinations of the 
pus, blood and urine shown?" 
"That the pus is healthy, urine pure and his 
blood perfectly satisfactory." 
"Is his condition better in every particular than 
yesterday ?" 
"It is, but we do not look for any marked change 
for four or five days to come. When you take into 
consideration his extremely low state-when so near 
dissolution on Friday night and Saturday morning- 
rapid recuperation must not be looked for. I do not 
think he is gaining in weight just now, but his gen- 
eral condition is certainly improving." 
"Can he gain strength before this parotid swell- 
ing disappears?" 
"I should think so. He is not losing anything. 
We believe, too, that his food digests. The fact of 
his having another natural passage to-day is evi- 
dence that the rood is digested and assimilated." 
"And the poison being eliminated?" 
"Very largely. I am of the opinion that his blood 
has not been poisoned from pus in the gland, but 
from pus in the track of the ball." 
PERFECTLY SATISFIED. 
"You are perfectly satisfied with the progress 
your patient is making under the circumstances?" 
"Certainly we are. It is favorable progress. But 
he is likely to have exalted temperature and in- 
creased pulse for many days even after marked im- 
provement sets in." 
"You have the stomach under control?" 
"We have, and the President partakes of all the 
food we care to administer. I notice that some of 
the newspapers state that the dyspepsia is relieved. 
Now, it was not dyspepsia. The irritation of the 
stomach resulted from septic poison. It is true 
that if his stomach had been very strong in digestive 
powers the septic poison would not have been so 
pronounced. His stomach is now doing as much 
as any man's could be expected to perform that 
was as ill as he. As the special and general evidences 
of septic poison subside the nausea and vomiting 
subside and the stomach progresses in the assimi- 
lation of food." 
"Is there anything in the statement that if he 
lives past the sixtieth day of his illness he will begin 
to mend rapidly?" 
"No, there is nothing in that. If he goes along 
without further complications and he passes the 
period at which certain complications cannot possii 
bly occur, of course he becomes further removed 
from the dangers of relapse. I believe the President 
is now further removed from accidents than he ever 
was." 
"Any change in symptoms to-night since the bul- 
letin was issued?" 
"I was with the President about a half hour ago 
and I noticed but little change. If there is any dif- 
ference, however, it is favorable." 
INCIDENTS OF THE TREATMENT. 
The Doctor then went on to relate some amusing 
incidents connected with the treatment of the case. 
He said that he received on an average 150 
letters a day, and did not attempt to reply 
to them- He stated that they invariably 
began with "Pardon the liberty I take in 
suggesting," &c. In these letters every conceivable 
remedy was recommended, but salves that would 
cure anything, from a pimple to a broken leg, were 
in the majority. A large number of the writers 
retused to state the ingredients in their particular 
salve upon the ground that the preparation was a 
family secret that had been handed down from father 
to son, but they would willingly come to Washington 
and make it themselves. The Doctor said that some 
of the writers were intelligent people and were no 
doubt actuated by the best of motives. Some of 1 
his correspondents, he said, after waiting some 
days for a reply would become Impatient and ad- 
dress Colonel Rockwell, stating that they had pre- 
viously written to tiie Doctor but had received no an- 
swer, and the Colonel should investigate the matter. 
OVERRUN WITH QUACKS. 
The Doctor further stated that he had been over- 
run with persons representing themselves to be i 
magnetic physicians, spiritualistic curatives, herb | 
doctors, ic. They all pleaded to be given a trial, 
assuring the Doctor that they had never failed to 
work the most miraculous cures, and preferred to 
try their hands upon patients who had baffled the 
skill of physicians. 
The Doctor reverted to the trip upon the Talla- 
poosa and said that it was one way of his getting 
rid of the reporters. "But," added the Doctor, 
solemnly, "I am afraid I would see them hovering 
around in the morning like sea gulls." 
THE OPERATION OX THE GLAND. 
One of the President's physicians says that the 
operation this morning on the parotid gland was 
rendered more tedious for the reason that it was 
necessary to bind an artery that was severed in mak- 
ing the fourth incision. There was a tree flow ot 
blood, but it was soon checked. The President 
did not complain, but afterward remarked 
that it was even liberty to him to 
be let alone. The examinations which are 
daily made to detect the presence of tubercles in the 
lungs have not thus far developed any evidence of 
them. The heart, lungs and joints are being closely 
watched as well as the glands for indications of 
swelling. The only departure from a normal con- 
dition is that of the parotid gland. 
THE BULLET IN THE PELVIC CAVITY. 
It is now certain that the bullet'has moved down 
into the pelvic cavity. Every time an enema is ad- 
ministered an examination is made tor its prgsence 
near the rectum, and when it is discovered in this 
locality it will be removed. Probably the emacia- 
tion of the President has enabled it to gravitate, 
and it is hoped before long to detect it 
by the sense of touch. A careful examination 
of the wound shows that the catheter cannot now 
be inserted beyond ten inches, two and one-half 
inches less than when it was probed two weeks ago, 
which distance has probably healed. It is still sen- 
sitive to the tube and the dressing causes the Presi- 
dent much pain. The pus begins to look healthy 
and the slow granulation is of the proper color. 
HIS HEALTH WHEN WOUNDED. 
In regard to the President's health at the time he ; 
was wounded the public has erred in supposing 1 
that he was physically in first rate condition. On 
the contrary, it was quite bad. To use a homely 
phrase, ho was like a horse in a pasture. 
He had been suffering from dyspepsia as well as 
from hemorrhoids, and had been compelled to 
undergo an operation for fistula. With the great 
mental strain incident to the Presidential campaign 
and the subsequent cares of office were added an 
anxiety on account of his wife's illness which the 
public has never known. 
CAUSE OF ALARM ON FRIDAY. 
It was learned to-night from a reliable source that 
the cause of the alarm on Friday morning last was 
the sudden darkening of the skin of the President's 
face. Before that it had always had a pale ornatural 
color. On Friday morning it became brown. The 
doctors supposed this to be asign of death. Curi- 
ously enough on Saturday, when he was much worse, 
the face regained its natural color. 
GENERAL SHERMAN'S CONFIDENCE. 
General Sherman is so confident that the Presi- 
dent will not have another relapse that he intends 
leaving Washington to-morrow to be absent ten 
days. He told the members of the Cabinet of his ' 
purpose, and said he would not be out of the reach 
of telegraphic communication or so far distant that 
he could not reach Washington in twenty-four 
hours. Ho was informed that it would be necessary 
for him to be here in the-event of the President's 
getting worse. 
UNOFFICIAL BULLETINS. 
Executive Mansion, 1 
Washington, August 30-10:15 A. M. J 
The President enjoyed another good night's rest, 
and it is thought starts out on what bids fair to be 
another good day. He slept well. The stomach 
still continues to perform its work satisfactorily 
and the parotid swelling is progressing favor- 
ably. The pulse, temperature and respiration 
as compared with yesterday morning are about the 
same. The slight increase in the frequency of his 
pulse is thought to be due to an accumulation of 
pus in another portion of the glandular swelling, 
which was observed this morning by Dr. Bliss, 
who made still another incision and released the 
pent up pus. On the continuance of these favor- 
able symptoms another day of progress is predicted. 
Executive Mansion-2 P. M. 
In reply to questions. Colonel Rockwell said to a 
reporter this afternoon that the President's condi- 
tion to-day has been about as it was yesterday. He 
has fully held his own, but has not gained percepti- 
bly in strength. No especial importance is attached 
to the high pulse shown by the noon bulletin. It 
is attributed principally to the irritation caused by the cutting of the parotid swelling"' 
this morning. "As long," Colonel Rockwell 
said, "as the gland continues to be a source of almost 
constant disturbance, we must expect these fluctua- 
tions of pulse. Since the noon bulletin, however, the 
President's pulse has gone down again to 110. We 
think that he is doing well." 
Executive Mansion-4 P. M. 
' There has been no noticeable change in the Presi- 
dent's condition this afternoon, except that his pulse 
has fallen to 108. His symptoms generally continue 
about as they were yesterday. 
Executive Mansion-4:45 P. M. 
In an interview with a reporter at hall-past four 
this P. M. Dr. Bliss said that the President's case 
to-day had been very satisfactory. Another incision 
about three-quarters of an inch in length was made 
in the patient's right cheek this morning and a 
large additiouaf quantity -of pus removed. The 
openings are now all in communication one | 
with another and the condition of the ' 
gland is improving every hour. The patient's 
pulse has had somewhat higher range to-day thau 
yesterday; but Dr. Bliss does not attach much sig- 
nificance to this fact, for the reason that the local 
disturbance arising from the glandular swelling is 
sufficient to explain it. The patient's general con- 
dition remains as good as yesterday, and hie stomach 
is behaving admirably. Dr. Bliss does not look for 
any marked and decided change in the direction of 
recovery before Friday or Saturday, by which time 
he thinks the gland will have ceased to be a danger- 
ous mature. Up to this time all goes as well as could 
be expected. 
Executive Mansion-10:30 P. M. 
The day at the Executive Mansion has been ex- 
tremely quiet and uneventful, the nows from the 
sick room being very gratifying to all inquirers. 
Shortly alter the midday bulletin was issued a 
ripple of excitement became noticeable, owing to the 
rise oi the patient's pulse to 116, but the cause for 
the rise was satisfactorily explained by the attend- 
ing surgeons. 
The explanation was in effect that the increased 
pulse was due to the Blight incision of the parotid 
gland made by Dr. Bliss this morning. The attend- 
ing surgeons say that during the extremely enfee- 
bled condition of the patient no importance should 
be attached to slight fluctuations of the pulse. The 
President continues to take his usual nourishment, 
and during the day, in addition to the koumiss, 
milk porridge and beef tea, which he partook of 
freely, ate another piece of milk toast with ap- 
parent relish. 
The beef tea which he is now taking is prepared 
by Mrs. Garfield from raw beef chopped fine, to 
which is added a quantity of water and a few drops 
of muriatic acid. The patient is said to greatly 
relish this food. 
DB. BOYNTON'S STATEMENT. 
During the course of a conversation this after- 
noon Dr. Boynton said that the glandular trouble | 
was apparently much better and that there was a I 
large discharge from it this morning: that there 
was not much change in the condition of the 
wound and that granulation had been renewed but 
not to any great extent. He considered the general 
condition of the patient fully as good as yesterday 
and said that while there has been no material gain 
of strength there may have been a slight improve- ■ 
ment. "There certainly has been a marked improve- 
ment sinoe the recent crisis," continued the Doctor, 
"and he now takes his food with as much relish as 
at any time during his illness." 
In reply to further interrogatories Dr. Boynton 
said:-"No marked change is expected at once. All 
that we can reasonably expect is that the patient 
holds his own for a few days. If he makes even a 
slight improvement it will be perfectly satisfac- 
tory." 
NO STMPTOMS OF ANOTHER CRISIS. 
In responsd to the question, '.Are there any sym- 
toms indicating another crisis?" the Doctor said 
that he bad not noticed any such symptoms. The I 
interview concluded by tne Docto-r's remarking 
that the prospects for final recovery are very lair; ; 
but in a case of this kind, he said, no one can say 
positively that the "patient will recover, therefore he 
could not make any definite prediction on that 
point. 
Dr. Hamilton arrived in the city at half-past ten 
o'clock to-night. Dr. Agnew expects to leave for 
Philadelphia to-morrow. • 
Private Secretary Brown said this evening that 
Professor Bell has succeeded in perfecting an in-- 
duction balance, by which, he maintains, he can 
locate precisely the ball in the President's body. It 
has not yet been determined to try the experiment, 
however. 
The members of the Cabinet were at the Mansion 
until quite a late hour to-night. 
FEELING AMONG CABINET OFFICERS. 
Secretary Blaine in response to a question said 
that he considered the patient better and he felt 
much encouraged. 
Secretary Hunt considered the fact of the Presi- 
dent holding his own during the day a good sign, 
and that the patient's condition was evidently bet- 
ter than at the same time last night. 
Postmaster General James said bis hopes had been 
fully re-estabiisbed, and he viewed the case from 
the standpoint which he did previous to the crisis 
of Saturday and Sunday last. General James, like 
many others, expressed the opinion that the na- 
tion's prayers had been answered. 
Secretary Lincoln said there was no material 
change from yesterday, and there did not appear to 
be any unfavorable symptoms developing. 
General Swaim continues sanguine. He said at 
nine o'clock that the patient was moving toward 
recovery slowly, but in his opinion surely. 
NEWS IN THE METROPOLIS. 
The people of New York awaited the morning 
despatches from 'Washington yesterday with some 
confidence-more, perhaps, than they were justly 
entitled to. However, the early bulletins were suf- 
ficiently encouraging, and so much has the public 
hope been bolstered up of late that the later news of 
a faster puise failed to alarm it. That there is un- 
derneath the general sentiment some recognition of 
the serious-condition of thingsis evident from the 
anxiety that is still displayed to obtain recent 
news from the sick chamber. The bulletin sys- 
tenx all over the city is yet maintained, and 
in front of the Telegram board was a constant throng 
of readers. Nothing which affects the President's 
case is passed by without perusal. The eight and 
twelve o'clock official bulletins told pretty much 
the whole story, and there was little need of outside 
despatches to satisfy the public that everything 
was progressing fairly. It seemed to be generally 
admitted that the patient had entered upon a few 
days of lethargy, in which no great change for or 
against might be anticipated. The President's phy- 
sicians had said as much and the symptoms are 
justifying their predictions. To-day or to-morrow 
there will be greater anxiety and a closer examina- 
tion of the reports from the capital. 
DB. CABNOCHAN TALKS HE BELIEVES ALL THE 
SERIOUS COMPLICATIONS IN THE PRESIDENT'S 
CASE ARISE FROM THE IEBITABLE PRESENCE 
OF THE BULLET. 
For the purpose of obtaining the views of Dr. 
John M. Carnochan as to the latest phase in the 
President's case, a reporter of the Herald called 
at his residence in Sixteenth street. Afterthe Doc- 
tor, who was busily engaged in his consultation 
room, was at leisure, and the object of the visit was 
made known to him, he very courteously answered 
the various questions put to him:- 
"I suppose. Doctor," was the first inquiry, "that 
you are still closely watching the reports in the 
President's case?" 
••The case of the President," he answered, "is of 
great interest, not only to the general publie but to 
medical men, and every one is anxious for his re- 
covery." 
"Hope and confidence have again been revived-is 
•it likely that the favorable symptoms lately re- 
ported will continue?" 
"It is possible they may do so under fortuitous 
circumstances, in connection with the unusual vi- 
tality which the President has already exhibited 
during his illness." 
"What circumstances do you allude tothat might 
lead to an ultimately favorable result?" 
"I have always considered the serious complica- 
tions which have attended upon the President's case 
as being attributable, after the shock immediately 
following the wound was recovered from and after 
the lapse of the first week, to a purulent infection 
contaminating or poisoning the blood. If this 
poisonous condition of the circulating fluid could 
be changed and the poison become eliminated from 
the system the natural recuperative powers might 
come into play and bring about a restoration to 
health." 
"How do you account for the favorable symptoms 
which have appeared?" 
"The surprising vitality of the President's system 
may account for the partial remission of the symp- 
toms which lately have so aggravated his case. 
The vis medicatrix or natural effort of the system, 
rallying as it were to overcome the hurtful influ- 
ences which have so seriously embarrassed and 
complicated the original injury, apparently has 
made an effort to bring about a salutary result." 
"Do you think that the favorable symptoms which 
have been reported are likely to continue?" 
"I have attributed the serious compile .tions man- 
ifesting themselves in the President's case prior to 
the opening of the first abscess to the presence of 
pus, which entered into the circulation and thus in- 
fected the blood. Regarding the shape of the bul- 
let as having been chauged, on account of its strik- 
ing against the rib, from a smooth surface to one 
of a jagged character, taere were great reasons to 
suppose that the presence of the bullet caused the 
secretion and deposit of purulent matter about the 
part at which it is located. This has evidently 
been the case, and if new deposits of 
pus, on account of the presence of the 
bullet, take place at the seat of the bullet, a recur- 
rence of the symptoms of purulent infection is still 
to be feared. On the other hand, if by a happy oc- 
currence the bullet now would become encysted or 
removed, and thus the further secretion.of pus pre- 
vented, the system might eliminate the poisonous 
material now present, and then the recuperative 
power of the system coming in play a hope might 
still be entertained for the recovery of the Presi- 
dent." 
"Do you attribute to the presence of the bullet 
the inflammation and suppuration of the parotid 
gland?" 
"Most certainly. The suppurative inflammation 
taking place in the parotid gland was no doubt 
owing to the purulent infection following the de- 
posit of pus which took place along the track of the 
wound and in proximity to the lodgement of the 
bullet." 
"Is there any danger of the lungs or the joints or 
other tissues of the body being attacked by an in- 
flammation from this poisoned state of the blood?*' 
"When purulent infection has contaminated the 
general circulation none of the parenchymatous 
organs or soft tissues have immunity from this dan- 
ger." 
"Should the President have another relapse, would 
the result be likely to prove fatal?" 
"Another relapse, in the President's exhausted 
condition, would certainly be attended by great dan- 
ger and would tend evidently to expedite a fatal 
termination. There is a limit to human endurance, 
no matter how strong the physical system may have 
been." 
"From the observations you have made you seem 
to lay great stress upon the presence of the bullet. 
Is that so?" 
''As I have intimated I attribute almost all the se- 
rious complications which have from time to time 
been manifested during the progress of the Presi- 
dent's case to the presence of the foreign bodies or 
body which produce the deposits of pus or ab- 
scesses among the tissues. The spiculaj or frag- 
ments of broken bone belonging to the eleventh rib 
may have had some influence, but the jagged bullet 
is undoubtedly at the root of almost all the inter- 
current complications." 
"You also" seem to notice particularly the irregu- 
lar and jagged character which the bullet now most 
probably presents. Do you attach great importance 
to this?" 
''A bullet changed from a round or pyramidal Dall 
into an irregular and jagged piece of metal is almost 
sure to be the source of irritation and of consecutive 
inflammation, foMowed by the formation of pus. In 
this way the presence of the bullet may De assumed 
to be fraught with most deleterious sequences." 
"Take the President's case as now reported; what 
in your opinion are Iris chances of recovery?" 
"If, by a fortuitous action of the surrounding 
parts the bullet should become encysted and there- 
after cease to be the source of purulent deposits, or 
if the buUe« itself might perchance be jemoved., the 
great vitality already exhibited by the President 
might induce the elimination of the poison 
fr om the already contaminated blood, and the re- 
cuperative powers of the system being thus treed 
from deleterious agencies might bring about such a 
salutary condition of thft general organs of the sys- 
tem as would lead to recovery." 
"What about getting the bullet out?" 
"'that is a question which I must leave unan- 
swered. for the present." 
• WHAT DR. HAMMOND SAVS. 
A Herald reporter called on Dr. William A. Ham- 
mond, at iris residence, in Fifty-fourth street, to get 
his views on the President's improved condition, as 
reported by the bulletins, and as to the probable re- 
sult of the favorable turn that had been announced. 
The Doctor said that his views of the President's 
case had been already given. "Still," he continued, 
I "if the general improvement exhibited by tbe Presi- 
r dent is due to anything more than the local improve- 
ment in the condition of the parotid gland I think 
: it is a favorable augury. But it solely due to the 
fact that the parotid gland is discharging more 
freely and that consequently pressure is taken off 
from the large blood vessels, it is not of much im- 
portance, and probably other complications will re- 
sult, as is generally the case in pyaamia when ab- 
scess follows abscess. We can only hope," be 
added, "that the termer is the real condition." 
When asked whether he thought the improved 
■ condition of the President as reported was general 
■ and not resulting merely from local relief afforded 
' by the freer discharge of the parotid gland, the Doc- 
I tor's answer was:-"Icannot say; they cannot tell 
I at Washington." 
DR. HAMILTON CONTROVERTS THE THEORY OF 
PY2EMIA. 
Dr. Frank H. Hamilton returned yesterday after- 
noon to the President's bedside in Washington. 
Before his departure the eminent surgeon, when 
asked for his views on the morning bulletins, de- 
clined to say anything, as ho regarded it a work of 
supererogation to explain the bulletins which, he de« 
dared, explained themselves already with sufficient 
clearness. The doctor, being further pressed as to 
whether he had really nothing additional to com- 
municate which might shed light on this great case, 
said:- 
"I think it proper to call attention to a statement 
which has its source within the White House and, 
therefore, might be regarded as authoritative, that 
one of the proofs of the pyaemia infection in the case 
of the President was found in the fact that he had a 
short time since what tbe reporter of the conversation 
denominated as 'pustules on the back.* These so- 
called pustules were simply acne, or whatareknown 
in the books as acne simplex-such as occur very 
often on the cheeks or chin of young men and which 
are peculiarly liable to occur on the back, being in 
fact only obstructions of the sebaceous follicles, 
which follicles are on the back very large and 
abundant. They were induced by lying on his back 
a considerable length of tune and disappeared in a 
few days when they were cai-efully washed with 
soap and water." 
Condition of the President. 
The physicians in attendance on the . 
President continue to send iavorable bu.- ; 
letins in regard to his condition. S fled 
and analyzed they mean that the situation 
is practically the same as it was on Mon- 
day. If nothing has been gamed since 
then, nothing, so far as the physicians have 
communicated, has been lost. The stomach 
seems to be doing a little better and the 
glandular trouble appears to be growing 
less and less. No decided change in the 
way of recovery, however, is looked for be- 
fore the end of the present week. 
The Philadelphia Inquirer, published every 
morning (Sunday excepted) by William W. Hard* 
ing, Inquirer Building, No. 304 Chestnut Street, 
is served to subscribers at twelve cents a week, 
payable to the carrier or agent at the end of the 
week or month, and by mail for fifty cents a 
month, or one dollar for two months; six dollars 
per annum, payable invariably in advance. 
Advertising Rates-Fifteen Cents per line. 
The Inquirer will be sent free of postage to 
subscribers in the United States. 
Inquirer. 
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 31, 1881. 
THE SURGEONS' 
WATCHING THE PRESIDENT, 
Biographies of the Distinguished Medical 
Men in Attendance at the Executive 
Mansion - Brilliant Profes- 
sional Records. 
As tending to relieve public anxiety, and 
show that the valuable life of the President 
is intrusted to able and experienced medical 
men, we publish the following biographies of those in attendance at Washington, as mainly- 
obtained from "The Physiciansand Surgeons 
of the United States," edited by Dr.William B. 
Atkinson, of Philadelphia. The attack upon 
the skill and experience of the President's sur- 
geons, made and published in New York, 
it is thus apparent is unfounded in truth 
and unjustifiable under any circumstances; 
but especially so at a moment of deep public 
interest in the distinguished patient, who de- 
serves and now requires all that professional 
skill can furnish, to preserve his valuable life: 
Dr. D. Willard Bliss. 
Dr. D. Willard Bliss was born at Auburn, 
New York, in 1825. He took the degree of M. 
D. in the medical department of the Western 
Reserve College, Cleveland, Ohio, in 1850, hav- 
ing been the private student of Dr. H. A. Ack- 
ley, professor of surgery in that school. Until 
the breaking out of the civil war he practiced 
medicine at Grand Rapids, Michigan. He then 
volunteered as surgeon to the Third Michigan 
Infantry, and came with his regiment to the 
National Capital. August 4, 1861, he was com- 
missioned surgeon of volunteers, and served for 
a time in the Army of the Potomac as chief 
medical officer of the Third Brigade, Third 
Division, Third Army Corps. In June, 1862. 
he was placed in charge of Armory Square 
Hospital, Washington, and held that responsi- 
ble position until the hospital was closed in 
1865. During this time the number of admis- 
sions to the hospital was 21,200. among whom 
was an unusually large proportion of severely 
wounded men. Dr. Bliss did almost all the 
operating, and had ample opportunities to im- 
prove the surgical skill for which he had al- 
ready while at Grand Rapids acquired a good 
reputation. Since the war, he has been engaged 
in the practice of medicine and surgery in 
Washington city. Under the territorial gov- 
ernment of the District of Columbia he was for 
some time president of the Board of Health. 
He is a member in good standing of the regular 
Medical Society of the District of Columbia. 
Dr. Bliss took charge of the case on the perso- 
nal request of President Garfield, and at his 
instance, selected the other Washington physi- 
cians now in attendance. 
Dr. Joseph K. Barnes. 
Dr. Joseph K. Barnes was born in Philadel- 
phia July 21, 1817. He studied medicine in the 
office of Dr. Thomas Harris, and graduated 
from the medical department of the University 
of Pennsylvania in 1838. He then served one 
year as resident physician at the Blockley Hos- 
pital. and one year as out-door physician to the 
poor for the Northwestern district of Philadel- 
phia. He entered the army as assistant sur- 
geon June 15, 1840, and July 10 following, was 
assigned to duty at the United States Military 
Academy, whence he was transferred to Florida 
November 9, 1840, seeing his first field service 
in Harney's expedition to the Everglades dur- 
ing the war against the Seminole Indians. He 
left Florida in 1842, and was stationed at Fort Jes- 
sup, Louisiana, until it was abandoned, in 1846, 
when he conducted the convalescents of the 
Second Dragoons and Third and Fourth In- 
fantry, to Corpus Christi. He was chief medi- 
cal officer of the Cavalry brigade during the 
Mexican war, and participated in every action 
on both General Taylor and General Scott's 
line except that at Buena Vista. After the 
close of the Mexican war he was in charge of 
the general hospital at Baton Rouge, La., and 
subsequently on duty at various posts in Texas 
and the Western departments, and as medical 
director of the Department of Oregon. He 
was stationed at West Point from January 3, 
1854, to June 1, 1857, and during that period 
was commissioned surgeon, August 29, 1856. 
The outbreak of the war in 1861 found him on 
duty on the Pacific coast, and he was among 
the first officers ordered thence to Washington. 
He was appointed medical inspector February 
9, 1863; inspector-general, August 10, 1863, and 
«ur"eon-general August 22, 1864, having then 
beenond'uty' 5S acting surgeon-general since 
September 3, 1863. He was made a brevet 
brigadier-general, United States army, for 
meritorious and distinguished services during 
the rebellion, as well as a brevet major-general, 
United States army, for faithful and merito- 
rious services during the rebellion, both com- 
missions dating from March 13, 1865. 
Dr. Joseph Janvier Woodward. 
Dr. Joseph Janvier Woodward was born in 
Philadelphia, Pa., in 1833. He was educa- 
ted at the Philadelphia Central High School, 
from which he received the degree of A. B. in 
1850, and that of A. M. in 1855, acting as the 
valedictorian of his class. After receiving the 
first-mentioned degree, he began the study of 
medicine, and graduated from the University 
of Pennsylvania in the spring of 1853. For a 
short time thereafter, he practiced medicine in 
Philadelphia, acting during that period as ex- 
aminerand teacher upon microscopical and pa- 
thological anatomy; he then entered the army, 
wherein he rose rapidly, and is now the chief 
assistant in the Surgeon-General's Bureau at 
Washington, D. C., with the rank of lieutenant- 
colonel He is the medical editor of the "Medi- 
cal and Surgical History of the Rebellion." 
His professional labors have been of distin- 
guished character, none more so than his com- 
prehensive series of experiments in microscopic 
photography, by which the profession has been 
placed in possession of records of the highest 
value and usefulness. Among his published 
papers are "Address on the Medical Staff of 
the United States Army;" "Remarks on Croup 
J and Diphtheria;" Typo-Malarial Fever: Is it a 
special type of fever?" "Transactions of the 
International Medical Congress of 1876;" "Re- 
marks on Photographic Micrometry;" "Trans- 
actions of the American Medical Association of 
1876;" "Application of the photograph to micro- 
metry, with special reference to the micro- 
metry of blood in criminal cases, ibid.: Report 
on "Medical Literature," ibid., 1870; Report on 
"Causes and Pathology of Pyaemia" (Septae- 
mia," ibid., 1866. He was a member, durin0, 
his residence in Philadelphia, of the Philadel- 
phia County Medical Society; is a member of 
the American Medical Association, and was 
second vice president in 1875: was a delegate 
to the International Medical Congress at Phi- 
ladelphia in 1876, and of the Medical Associa- 
tion of the District of Columbia. He is mar- 
ried, and at the last meeting of the American 
Medical Association, at Richmond, in May. 
1881, was elected, and is now its President. 
Dr. Robert Reyburn. 
Dr. Robert Reyburn was born in Glasgow, 
Scotland, August 1, 1833. Immigrating to the 
United States, he attended lectures at the 
Philadelphia Medical College, graduating in 
1856. After practising for some six years in 
Philadelphia he was appointed contract sur- 
geon in the United States army in 1862, and in 
the same year removed to Washington. In 
June, 1863, he was appointed assistant surgeon 
of volunteers, and shortly thereafter surgeon, 
serving in this capacity during the war, and 
receiving the brevet rank of lieutenant-colonel 
of volunteers in 1865. In 1867 he was appointed 
assistant surgeon in the (regular) United States 
army. He is a member of the American Medi- 
cal Association, of the Washington Medical 
Society; at present its vice president, and 
of the Washington Medical Association 
He was surgeon-in-chief of the D. C. Bu- 
reau R. F. of S. L. in 1865, and was chief 
medical officer of the same bureau in 1870-72; 
president of the Washington Board of Health 
in 1868-70, and is at present one of the 
trustees at the Washington Public School 
Board. He was appointed professor of 
clinical siirgery in the medical department of 
Georgetown University in 1867; was appointed 
professor of surgery and Dean of the medical 
department of Howard University in 1868; 
was appointed professor of the principles of 
surgery and microscopic anatomy in the medi- 
cal department of Georgetown University in 
1875; was appointed professor of anatomy and 
Dean ot the medical department of Georgetown 
University in 1876. He has contributed a 
number of papers to the American Journal of 
the Medical Sciences and to the National Medi- 
cal Journal, among the more important of 
which may be mentioned: "Four Cases of An- 
eurism treated by ligation," American Journal 
of the Medical Sciences, July, 1868, page 112; 
"Reduction of Dislocation the Fourth Cervical 
Vertebra," Ibid., January, 1871, page 110; "Re- 
marks on Disease Among the Freed People of 
the United States," Ibid, April, 1866, &c., &c. 
He was married February 5,1854, to Catharine,, 
daughter of William White, Esq., of Philadel- 
phia. 
Dr. D. Hayes Agnew. 
Dr. D. Hayes Agnew was bom in Lancaster 
county, Pennsylvania, in 1818, and is the son of 
Dr. Agnew, an eminent physician of that sec- 
tion. His classical education commenced in the 
Moscow Academy, a flourishing institute then 
under the supervision of the Rev. Francis Lat- 
ta, and located in Chester county. He next 
studied at Jefferson College, Cannonsburg, Pa., 
and finally completed his education at Newark 
College, Delaware, where one of his relations, 
Rev. John Holmes Agnew, was professor of 
languages. His medical training was obtained 
at the University of Pennsylvania, and he en- 
tered upon the practice of his profession in the 
rural districts. After some years he removed 
to Philadelphia, where he continued his practice 
and commenced to deliver a course of lectures 
in the Philadelphia School of Anatomy, 
in College avenue. At the date of the 
breaking out of the rebellion his class in this 
time-honored institution numbered two hun- 
dred and sixty-five students, representing every 
State in the Union. He also established at the 
same place the Philadelphia School of Opera- 
tive Surgery. He was elected in 1854 one of 
the surgeons of the Philadelphia Hospital, and 
in that institution he founded the present 
Pathological Museum, and for some time acted 
as its Curator. In 1863 he was appointed dem- 
onstrator of anatomy and assistant lecturer on 
clinical surgery in the medical department of 
the University of Pennsylvania; about the 
same time he was elected one of the surgeons 
of the Wills Opthalmic Hospital. In 1865 he 
was elected to a similar position in the Penn- 
sylvania Hospital,and likewise in the Orthopedic 
Hospital. In 1870 he was chosen to fill the 
chair of Operative surgery in the University of 
Pennsylvania, and in the year that followed 
he became professor of the principles and 
practice of surgery in the same institution. He 
is also professor of clinical surgery in the Uni- 
versity Hospital. A most skillful, rapid and 
efficient operator in every department of sur- 
gery, which is his specialty, his reputation as 
a surgeon is worldwide. Among his contribu- 
tions to the literature of the profession may ba 
mentioned a work on "Practical Anatomy;" 
a series of papers (sixty in number) on 
"Anatomy in its Relations to xMedicine 
and Surgery," and numerous contributions 
to medical journals on various subjects 
connected with surger^. He is at present, 
and has been for some time past, engaged 
in preparing for publication a large and ex- 
nausuve wopk on operative surgery, rue nrsr 
volume of which is now (May, 1877) in press, 
and will soon be in the hands of the profession. 
[It is since published..^ He married a member 
of the Irving family ,of Chester county, a name 
well known in that section as being largely in- 
terested in the manufacture of iron. 
Dr. Frank Hastings Hamilton. 
Dr. Frank Hastings Hamilton was born in 
Wilmington, Vermont, September 10, 1813. 
He graduated from the medical department of 
the University of Pennsylvania in 1833, and 
settled first in Auburn, New York, removing 
in 1844 to Buffalo, and thence to New York city 
in 1802. He has labored most in surgery, in 
which his notable operations have been too 
numerous for separate mention here, and to 
the science and art of which he has made very 
important contributions. He has invented a 
"bone drill," as also an apparatus for broken 
jaw, and invented or modified the apparatus 
for almost every fracture of long bones, with 
various instruments in military and general 
surgery, including the compound Nelaton's 
probe, light bullet forceps, Strong bullet 
forceps, movable apparatus for fractures 
of the thigh, bone forceps, serrated giant 
n6he-cuiter,the modified Liston's artery forceps, 
apparatus for double varus, hare-lip scissors, 
modification of Owens' tonsillptome, and a 
method of manipulating the body in asphyxia 
from drowning, beside modifying and render- 
ing mere precise the methods of amputation 
through the joints by furnishing what he has 
termed "keys" and "guides" to the articula- 
tions, one of his most valuable contributions to 
surgery, He has been especially instrumental ' 
in introducing gutta percha as a splint where 
irregular joint surfaces require support, and 
was the first to employ gutta percha as an "in- 
terdental splint," as he was the first to make the 
operation of resection for simple halht x valgas 
where there was no disease of the joint, and 
the first also to cut away the central portion of 
the thyroid gland, an operation subsequently 
performed by Gibb, of London. He likewise 
has suggested and practised a safe method of 
cutting the sternal portion of the sterno cleido- 
mastoid. On the subject of "Provisional 
Callus" he publicly controverted the views 
of Dupuytren, propounding doctrines 
which were original with him-although 
without his knowledge, Paget had, in fact, 
advocated similar ones a short time be- 
i fore-and which are now generally accepted. 
In relation to "resection in compound disloca- 
tions of long bones," he in 1860, or thereabouts, 
announced views which are now received by 
Langenbeck and most German surgeons; and 
in the matter of closing old ulcers by the 
transplantation of new skin, both the Eng- 
lish and French surgeons have repeat- 
edly ascribed to him the honor of hav- 
ing taken the first step. He has devoted 
a good deal of attention to plastic surgery, hav- 
ing practised rhinoplasty twenty or more 
times, and introduced a method of operating 
from the forehead by returning the pedicle, 
and having been, moreover, the first to operate 
from the palm of the hand. He has labored 
strenuously to impress upon surgeons the value 
of warm and hot water in the treatment 
of wounds, and in general has been not 
less effective in urging new methods 
than fertile in devising them. He is a member 
of the New York State Medical Society, of 
which he was president in 1855; of the New 
York Pathological Society, of which he was 
president in 1866; of the New York Academy 
of Medicine; of the Medico-Legal Society, of 
which he was president in 1875 and in 1876; 
and an honorary member of various societies. 
He has published a treatise on "Military Sur- 
, gery,"now in its second edition; a treatise on 
"Fractures and Dislocations," w'hich has 
! reached its sixth edition, and has been trans- 
lated into German at Gottingen; and a "Gen- 
eral Treatise on Surgery," in its second edi- 
tion, not to mention various publications, 
comprising some valuable papers touching 
medical jurisprudence,especially one on "Prog- 
nosis in Fractures," published in the "Transac- 
tions of the American Medical Association" for 
1855-56-57, and in those of the New York State 
Medical Society for 1855 and 1859, and one on 
the "Effect of a Sudden Loss of Con- 
sciousness on the Memory of Preceding E vents. " 
published in the Sanitarian for Februarv, 1876 
He was medical inspector of the United States 
army in 1863. In 1875 he resigned the pro- 
fessorship of surgery in the Bellevue Medical 
College, but still retains the position of visiting 
surgeon to the Bellevue Hospital, and is con- 
sulting surgeon to St. Elizabeth Hospital, to 
I the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled, 
| and to various city dispensaries. He was mar- 
ried in 1834 to Mary Virginia McMuiran, of 
Virginia, and in 1840 to Mary Hart, daughter 
of Judge O. Hart, of Oswego city. NEW YORK HERALD 
REMOVAL AGAIN TALKED OF. 
To-day tlie subject of his removal comes up again. 
Should he begin to gain strength, which as yet he 
has not done, by the end of the week he will be out 
of the White House and away from the miasmatic 
odors that float into the sick chamber from 
the flat lands of the Potomac stretching out 
from under his very window, Whero will he 
betaken? Nobody knows. He wants to go to sea, 
or rather down the Chesapeake Bay in the Talla- 
poosa to where the pure saline air could be inhaled. 
Mrs. Garfield wants him to be taken to Mentor. Hr. 
Boynton approves of Long Branch, and the doc- 
tors disagree, in the words of that old proverb, 
I "Then who will decide?" To-night the Talla- 
poosa arrived here from her journey to New York, 
having in convoy the torpedo boat Alarm, which 
it is proposed shall be the flagship at Yorktown- 
The larger vessel is ready to receive the President. 
A room has been fitted up for that purpose, a patent 
berth swung in her, medical stores and supplies put 
aboard, and if to-morrow it were decided to move 
the President it co aid ba done within an hour and 
by sunset he could be afloat on the Chesapeake. 
But that will not be done right away. It be is 
moved at all it will only be when he has gained a 
little more strength, and that he has not begun,to 
do yet, and may not for days and days. It he 
goes on the Tallapoosa she will be turned over to 
the charge of the doctors, just as they Lmve charge 
of the sick chamber. 
HISTORY OF THE DAY. 
The bulletin of to-day tells the story of the last 
twenty-four hours. The President passed a com- 
fortable night. The glandular swelling was reduced 
and there was no pain in it. Ha took the beef juice 
as prepared for him and received the enemata at in- 
tervals. The wound, it was found at the morning 
dressing, had not changed for the better. The 
granulation, which is nature's healing process, 
has not yet begun and the secretions of 
pus are of a thin watery color. After the President's 
face had been dressed this mprning he called I or a 
hand glass and studied his features well. Ho thought 
he looked haggard, but was n.M dissatisfied, so he 
said, with his appearance. 
LOCATION OF THE BUI. UET. 
It is now fully decided that the billet has not been 
haeyated and thaounga oX posltiQi * io it la.xuaxkcd 
by a distance of one and three-quarters-to two inches. 
It has not been in its new position long enough-to be 
encysted yet and its further movement lower into 
the pelvis cavity is looked for. 
RENEWED HOPE. 
The favorable character of the bulletin gives re- 
newed hope. It tells the story of the day com- 
pletely, and it-lighteued the burden of anxiety very 
much. The doctors speaking about it said it was 
the best they could say, and it indicated the extent 
cf the improvement in dearer terms than coaid bo 
found anywhere else. Dr. Bliss said there 
was not any gain ot flesh yet; there 
eouldu't be any noticeable gain for tour 
or five days. In the improvement there are signs 
of greater vitality. The President helped to turn 
himself over in his bed this morning when they 
were dressing the wound. There are no new points 
where pus has accumulated. There is a possibility 
of other abscesses forming on any part ot the body, 
but that is not deemed likely. The gland has gone 
down half to three-quarters. 
GOOD EFFECT OF STIMULANTS. 
"I think," continued the Doctor, "the whiskey 
we gave the President saved his life. Lots of people 
write to me to abuse me for using stimulants, but 
it was that whiskey that kept him up till the sup- 
puration of the eland could begin. 1 think the 
glandular swelling caused the relapse. It was as 
hard as rock. If the suppuration had not come on 
as it. did the results would have been serious." 
Dr. Agnew, who went to Philadelphia to-day., re- 
marked this morning that we could not have looked 
for nor expected such suppuration from so obsti- 
nate a swelling. 
Colonel Rudolph, the President's brother-in-law, 
has returned to Ohio, and Marshal Henry left to- 
night for the West. 
C. O. Rockwell, Mrs. Garfield's brother, will re- 
main here until the patient is really convalescent or 
the alternative is decided. 
SIGNS OF GAINING STRENGTH. 
To-night the President shows signs of gaining 
strength. His voice is stronger, fuller toned and 
clearer. His spirits are better, and he has what he 
has not had for a long time, an appetite. Dr. 
Boynton said to me just a moment ago:- 
"It is the best day he has had since the latter part 
of July. There is improvement all round. I never 
saw a man rally so much and so rapidly." 
The Doctor was not inclined to say that the patient 
was out of danger. "I would rather not have you 
put that question in any form," he replied. "There 
are lots and lots of chances to meet and overcome." 
OUT OF THE WOODS. 
Going up the stairs of the White House to-night 
I met Captain Henry, the Marshal of the District, 
and Mr. Garfield's great friend, with C. O. Rockwell. 
The former is the walking image of the late 
Senator Oliver P. Morton, and is the author 
of a telegraphic letter that is sent nightly to the 
people of Ohio over the signature of C. K Henry. 
His-companion should not be confounded with Col- 
onel Rockwell. Captain Henry stopped to say that 
he was going away, and would discontinue his let- 
ter, but that he felt assured there was no danger 
impending. In short, the President was out of the 
woods. Mrs. Garfield, who is the source of his in- 
formation, has just said as much. 
THE ABSCESSES JOINED. 
The discovery that the abscess iu the cheek and 
the one in the mouth, whose existence has been re- 
peatedly told of in the Hebabd, had met by means 
of the breaking down of the wall between them was 
not regarded by anybody in the White House as a 
serious affair. On the contrary, it was accepted as 
proof of the thorough suppurating process that 
was so necessary to carry off the poison in the 
blood, and if the pus was passing freely from the 
swelling it was an assurance that it was not being 
taken up in the circulation. 
the bemovai. again. 
The proposal to remove the President becomes a 
matter of deeper consideration every hour. To- 
night it was discussed by the doctors in consulta- 
tion, and they desired that a measurement of the 
doors and stairways should be taken. This they 
wanted to know, of course, in order that the cot 
that should bo constructed should be of the 
proper dimensions. No conclusion has been 
arrived at in the matter, but every indi- 
cation is that he will be taken on 
board the Tallapoosa at a much earlier date than 
any one suspects-in fact, at the moment his re- 
moval becomes possible. He cannot go by rail, he 
disHses the Soldiers' Home and the only other place 
that is possible except the Tallapoosa is the Arling- 
ton Mansion on the Virginia shore. It is availa- 
ble, but does not recommend itself, particularly 
being out of repair, unfurnished and be- 
sides is not easily accessible. As showing 
how the doctors regard the miasmatic breeze that 
comes off the lists, they invariably elose the win- 
dows of the consulting chamber that fronts to the 
river it the wind is from the south, and casually 
they have advised everybody else In the Executive 
Mansion to do the same. Consequently the private 
secretary's office is kept with closed windows when 
the southerly breeze prevails. 
The President's pulse has had quite a rapid rise 
this afternoon, but, taken all iu all, the bulletin is 
accepted as a favorable one, giving rise to no alarm. 
A DULI, NIGHT-EVEBTTHING FAVOBABLE. 
This is the dullest of the dull nights at the White 
House. Few visitors have called and the surround- 
ings look as tame as if the place had never seen ex- 
citement. Now and then some one from the sur- 
geons' room appears in the private secretary's office, 
and upon being questioned relative to the condition 
of the patient, the inevitable answer is 
that everything is favorable and satisfac- 
tory; that steady improvement is looked 
for and every day's progress carries the patient 
farther from the danger line. Some are so sanguine 
of early convalescence that they think the President 
is now at a point where there is little likelihood of 
further complications staying the tido of improve- 
ment. Indeed, confidence is fully restored at the 
Executive Mansion. The doors were closed at ten 
o'clock, but just prior thereto one of the attending 
physicians reported that the President was getting 
through the night very nicely. The pulse was less 
frequent than at half-past six o'clock and the condi- 
tions remain favorable. 
DB. BUSS' STATEMENT. 
Dr. Bliss said to-night:-"The swelling of thegland 
has been considerably reduced to-day, and that 
trouble is fast disappearing. The opening from the 
gland into the mouth is not known exactly." 
"Do you anticipate its-enlarging day after day." 
"There is no likelihood of its increasing." 
"Does it interfere with the administration of 1 
food?" 
"Not at all. The President did not know it was 
there until he discovered that the water we were 
washing the exterior suppuration surface with was 
running m hia mouth. He began to spit and hawk 
at once, but he did not get up, probably, more than 
a teaspoonful of pus and water. You see this spon- 
taneous discharge of pus into the mouth has demon- 
strated what we have been endeavoring to discover 
by microscopic examination-numciy, whether the 
pus we have found iu his mouth from time to time 
came from the gland or otherwise." 
I "Will any considerable amount of pus flow into 
the mouth through this opening.9" 
•■I think not. Evacuations from the external 
openings are too liberal for anything like that. It 
is not a serious complication, and we do not think 
we will have to make any more incisions." 
ran bbesidemt's abiicubation. 
"Does this disturbance interfere with the Presi 
dent's articulation?" 
"He docs not talk as easily as he otherwise would, 
although bis speech is perfectly distinct. In put- 
ting out his tongue he moves it to one side, as the 
swelling prevents him trom putting it out in the 
ordinary manner. The pus is discharged from all i 
portions of the suppurating gland. By making a • 
slight pressure with sponges it is pretty well ex- ! 
uded. Everything is behaving well. AH his im- 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPKIETOK 
NEW YORK, THURSDAY. SEPTEMBER 1, 1881. 
[by telegraph to the herald.] 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion, August 31-8:30 A. M. 
The President has passed a tranquil night, and 
thia morning his condition is quite as favorable as 
yesterday at the same hour. Pulse, 100; temperature, 
#8.4; respiration, 18. 
X>. W. BUSS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, FRANK H. HAMILTON, 
J. J. WOODWARD, D. HAYES AGNEW. 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion-12:30 P. M. 
At the dressing of the President this morning the 
parotid swelling was found to be discharging 
freely. It looks well and has materially diminished 
in size. The wound remains in about the same 
state. His general condition is evidently more favor- 
able than at this hour yesterday. Pulse, 95; tem- 
jperature, 98.4; respiration, 17. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN. 
J. K. BARNES, FRANK H. HAMILTON, 
J. J. WOODWARD, D. HAYES AGNEW. 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion-6x30 P. M. 
The President has passed a better day than for 
Some time past. He has taken his food with in- 
creased relish, and the usual afternoon rise in tem- 
perature did not occur. At the evening dressing 
the fluid used to wash out the parotid abscess found 
its way into the mouth, which it did not do this 
morning, showing that an opening-into the mouth 
has spontaneously occurred. The abscess is dis- 
charging freely and the swelling continues to dimin-; 
ish. There is some increase in the discharge of pus 
from the wound. Pulse, 109; temperature, 98X; 
respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES. FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
SEOBETABY BLAINE TO MINISTEB LOWELL. ! 
The following was sent this afternoon:- 
-Washington, August 31,1881. j 
"Lowell, Minister, London:- 
"The President's condition Is very encouraging I 
tc-day, pulse down to 95; lower than it has been for 
several weeks. Temperature and respiration nor- 1 
mal. No adverse symptoms apparent at this hour- ' 
two P. M. ELAINE, Secretary." i 
Executive Mansion, August 31, 188L 
Secretary Blaine sent the following despatch to 
Minister Lowell to-night:- 
"To Lowell, Minister, London:- 
"The President has had less fever this evening 
than upon any previous evening since he was 
wounded. His temperature at six o'clock was 
normaL His entire day has been most encouraging 
tn all his symptoms. Hereafter I shall send but one 
report daily. BLAINE, Secretary.'' 
A pavorable day. 
Washington, August 31, 188L 
The President is much better and there is a result- 
ant joy in the Executive Mansion. There has been 
no wore favorable noon bulletin since the 28th of 
July. The pulse had fallen below 100 for 
the first time since August 20, and was the lowest it 
had been since August 8, when it was 94 in the morn- 
ing. To-day it was 95 at noon and it has not bqen 
lower than this at noon for twenty-three days. 
GBOUND FOB HOPE. 
This means that there is much ground for hope. 
In this Improvement can bo found one of the 
strangest phases in this extraordinary case. Only 
three days ago nobody dared to hope that he would 
live. Now he is spoken of as on the road to recov- 
ery. Then he could not oat at all or swallow, and life 
was maintained by the liberal administration of 
nutrient food by enemata; now he has a relish for 
food, has recovered his sense of taste, is a trifle 
stronger, and he has even taken and masticated two 
small pieces of beefsteak, rejecting the fibre, but 
swallowing the juice, and declaring that it was all 
very good. He has slept well, had no bad dreams, 
and in his waking hours has seen no phantoms. : portant oW.M are perfcrmiug their runcuoue. it |T 
there are any pus cavities forming it would soon be 
manifested by increased temperature.'' 
WIL1. KE BE BEMOVED? 
»I understand. Doctor, that the paramount sub- 
i iect under discussion by the attending physicians 
i to-day has been the removal of the Presidemt?" 
I -Yes, we have discussed this. It is the opinion of i 
I the surKeons that removal is deairable as soon as the | 
' Resident's condition will justify it. Of course we ■ 
i propose to wait until such time as an accident will not • 
b- liable to occur. Any choice about the character ; 
i of the trip, whether it shall be by land or water, is I 
fa matter of future discussion. We are aware that 
there is more malaria here in the month of Septem- 
ber than in August. Not only this, but the moral - 
effactwonld be-good. Thachangeof air and-scenery 
will be serviceable." 
"Whatds the cause of the pulse rising to-night. 
Doctor ?** 
•^imuly weariness. Tho Preaident always grows . 
weary at night." 
"How did the pulse get down to 95 at noon to- 
day?" 
"Oh, there is nothing alarming in that. His sys- 
tem was easy; he was sleeping quietly and Creefrum 
the friction of fever and irritation. 
THE CHABCOAI. STOKY. 
'•Did you read the charcoal story,Doctor?" 
"I did, and was surprised at it. It should be cor- 
rected at once, for it reflects severely upon Dr. 
Hamilton, who is a gentleman not competent to cir- 
culate such a story. It isconsidered unprofessional 
for any member of the" council to claim any pre- 
scription given the patient as his own, and Dr. 
Hamilton would be the last mao to give currency to 
a communication of that kind. Dr. Hamilton never 
gave the President an enemata." 
"Was charcoal used at all?" 
"It was given for the flatulency. It is efficacious 
in such conditions and acts very effectually." 
"Is it a fact that the eggs did not assimilate?" 
"It is not. We gave them every day, and there 1 
was not the slightest discomfort resulting from 
them." * 
THE TIMCK OF THE. BAU.. 
"la it true that the catheter will only pass tan 
J inches into the track of the ball?" 
; "I have not measured the distance the probe now 
! penetrates. I shall do so to-morrow morning. 3Iy 
judgment is that perhaps it passes in a little shorter 
I distance than heretofore. But I will not state this 
; as a fact before I make the measurement." 
"By what means did you ascertain that the ball 
. had moved two and a half inches?" 
"A Hue was drawn from the top of tho pelvis 
across the abdomen and a mark made with iodine at 
the point of induration. Now we found that was 
two and a half inches lower down and deeper than 
formerly." 
"What has the President eaten to-day?"- 
"Among other things he has partaken of a little 
bouillon and some oyster soup, with crackers in it, 
which he relished very much. He longs for food 
different from that administered all along, and this 
is a very good indication of returning strength and 
improved condition." 
Condition of the President. 
By the language of the bulletins from 
Washington it is apparent that the Presi- 
dent's medical attendants still see in the 
facts of his condition enough to encourage 
and sustain their hopes, though the circum- 
stance that theji do not communicate to the 
public all the facts which excite their san- 
guine anticipations leaves room for the 
apprehension that the bulletins are once 
, more framed exclusively upon a few 
favorable symptoms rather than upon 
all the developments of the case. One of 
the city papers gives a report of Dr. Ham- 
ilton's discovery, at the most desperate mo- 
ment of the case, that the President's worst 
symptoms were due to the presence in the 
intestines of an accumulation of raw egg 
used in the enemata-the neutralizing of 
which by an immediate use of powdered 
charcoal "marked the turning point in the 
President's condition." That may be a true 
story, but it could not have come from Dr. 
Hamilton; for so careful a surgeon would, 
we presume, scarcely commit himself to a 
declaration that the worst of all the relapses 
in the case was so distinctly due to the 
treatment. Dr. Bliss contradicts the story. NEW YORK HER ALD 
। plied to the rigors. The sweating has occasionally 
taken place, but the patient being bathed in alcohol 
and cirotully dried the perspiration, which, in his 
weak condition would have proven perhaps a serious 
drain upon his strength, was arrested. "In other 
words," said the physicians, "there is not tho 
slightest importance to be attached to the fact that 
the word 'rigor' was used." 
THE MORNING MEAL. 
The President had quite an appetite this morniig 
when lie awoke, and it was appeased with the most 
i varied bill of fare that he has selected from for a 
■ long time. True, the meal was a continued affair, 
lasting for several hours^-in fact, from day- 
light until nearly noon-and there were long 
intervals between each morsel. Nevertheless it 
was breakfast. It began with gruel and meat juice; 
it was continued with small pieces of beefsteak, 
which the President masticated wearily, swallowing 
the juice and rejecting the fibre, and then proceeded 
io oyster soup or stew, of which he ate a couple of 
spoonfuls. Then his fancy turned toward chicken, 
and he ate nearly as much as would be the size of 
half the smallest finger of a lady's hand. The edge 
of his appetite being thus removed by what would 
weigh altogether nearly twelve ounces he lay down 
to sleep. Meanwhile the enema were continued and 
some stimulants were given with them, although in 
reduced quantities from what has hitherto been 
given, the stomach proving itself able to retain all 
that it received. 
THE PAROTID GLAND. 
The condition of the swollen parotid gland was 
much better. It was reduced in size and was less 
painful, yielding larger quantities of healthy pus 
freely and was generally improved. The mucus 
matter from the throat came up easily and was 
voided by expectoration, and the wound was some- 
what improved. There were no new developments 
anywhere, and while the condition of the sufferer 
w is about the same as in the morning examination 
of yesterday he certainly was no worse off and had 
possibly gained a little strength. 
NOT SO FAVORABLE. 
Ths midday bulletin was not so favorable as it 
Vas thought it should be by the indications of its 
predecessors. The pulse was rising, showing that 
the fever, whose presence every day is a regular 
thing, bad come again and was making its uncom- 
fortable presence felt very early in the day. The 
pulse was thirteen beats higher than it was at noon 
yesterday, but in the face of that fact the Presi- 
dent's general condition was somewhat better. 
During the day the refrigerat'ng apparatus was 
set to work and the temperature of the room 
brought down, so that the President could tolerate 
it without complaining of the heat. 
THAT ALARMING BULLETIN. 
To-night the bulletin sets aside all questioning as 
to the wording ot the Doctor's report this morning. 
"The rigors have not been noticed for several weeks" 
are the words of the evening report inserted for the 
purpose of correcting the misunderstanding caused 
by the morning bulletin. The President to-night is 
in about the same condition that he was last night. 
He is certainly no worse nor is he any better. That 
fact is certain. Thore may have been a little in- 
crease of strength, but if any it is barely percept- 
ible. 
DB. BLISS EXPLAINS. 
Dr. Bliss stated to-night that the reason "rigor" 
was mentioned in this morning's bulletin was be- 
cause there was no febrile rise during the day yester- 
I day, but there was in tho evening, although com- 
paratively slight. It did not last more than two and 
I a half hours and was not pronounced in its char- 
| acter. Nevertheless coming at that irregular 
time it was thought that parties outside the 
White House would say:-"Well, there is a 
sign ot malaria." The attending physicians 
thought, therefore, if it was stated that there were 
no rigors or sweatings it would show there was no 
sign of malaria. The Doctor said he could see 
nothing peculiar in the wording of the bulletin, 
although it gave rise to much comment. He con- 
sidered the statement legitimate and proper. 
THE PRESIDENT'S CONDITION. 
The Doctor stated that the swelling of the gland 
had subsided to such an extent that it was now In- 
considerable; that there was no trouble with 
the mouth to-day but once, when a few 
drops of water percolated into the mouth 
in washing the gland, but there was little or no pus. 
He said the President took with relish to-day fair 
quantities of bouillon, milk toast, broiled chicken, 
milk gruel and chewed a little piece of beef, and the 
President said that everything tasted well to him. 
He said that the physicians proposed giving him to- 
morrow an ortolan, or reed bird, finely minced, 
which, it was thought, would stimulate the appetite 
somewhat. He said the stimulating enemata were 
still administered every six hours. 
DEPTH OF THE WOUND. 
He stated further that he measured this morning 
the distance the catheter penetrated the wound and 
he found it to be eleven inches. In accounting for 
the discrepancy of one and a half inches the Doctor 
said he thought it was due to granulation, although 
he could tell better in two or three days; that the 
i pus has such a healthy appearance that gran- 
ulation must certainly be going on. He said 
that so many detailed questions were asked 
him every day by reporters that it seemed to him 
their only object was to draw some startling dis- 
closures from the doctors when there were really 
none to make, for everything was moving along in 
the most satisfactory manner. When asked how he 
came to cut the artery when making the last in- 
cision in the parotid gland the Doctor said it 
was a very insignificant little artery, that 
could hardly be called by that name. 
He said in pertorming the operation 
he used a very small quantity of rigoline, for the 
part cut was very frail and it was done simply to 
deaden the senisbility and chill the parts, that after 
the dressing a small capillary became warm again 
and began to bleed, that it was a trifling matter and 
not worth a moment's thought. The Doctor said he 
regretted that religious people should take offence 
at a jocular remark he made recently to the 
effect that whiskey did more for the President than 
prayers, for, as he understood it, God blessed the 
means. He said that for flatulency he should apply 
charcoal, and not prayers. 
TO BE REMOVED. 
He said there was not the slightest doubt of the 
President's being remove 1, as the physicians were 
very anxious about it and meant to have it done at 
the earliest practicable moment that the President is 
in a proper condition for removal, so that no 
danger threatened the patient. To remove him in 
his present condition would doubtless exhilarate 
the pulse and stir up the stomach, thereby prevent- 
ing him from resting as well and so arresting the 
work of repair. He said that the sleep of the patient 
was now perfectly natural, no anodynes being re- 
sorted to for the purpose of attaining this 
end. He also stated that the President had 
not increased his strength materially since ho ral- 
lied, but there was an improvement in his general 
condition, in the expression of the face, in the voice 
and color of skin, in the notice he took of that 
which was going on about him, in increased appe- 
tite, &c. In reply to the inquiry to what particular 
feature of the case the physicians were now exerting 
their efforts the Doctor said, first, his nourishment, 
and second, that no accumulations of pus occurred 
in the wound, which was now doing well and drain- 
ing itself nicely. 
, CONDITION OF THE WOUND. 
Dr. Bliss said- to-day that he thought the wound 
was healing, for the catheter would only pass into 
the sinus to a depth of eleven inches, and the flow 
of pus from the extreme end of the wound indicated 
a great deal of granulation there. "The wound was 
much discussed by the doctors to-day," he contin- 
ued, "and we concluded that it was healing very 
rapidly." The pus, or at least that frem one part 
of the wound, remains unhealthy, however, com- 
ing, as has been said in these despatches, in a watery 
trickle and sometimes offensive to the smell. This 
is not what it must be before the process of healing 
can go forward. The pus must be pure and 
healthy. 
SHALL HE BE MOVED? 
The question of removal is the one most con- 
sidered now. So fur it has not been much talked 
of by the doctors where or how shill he go. Their 
discussions for the most part have been "When can 
we do it, and can we take the risk?" Until the time 
is settled for the first and an affirmative opinion 
reached for the second there will be no moving. 
The Dian to take him on the Tallapoosa seems to 
meet with as much favor as any other. Her 
equipment, it is claimed, is such that he could 
have there all the comforts of a home. There would 
be room for the doctors and family, and he could 
reach the lower waters of tho Chesapeake Bay with- 
out difficulty. From here to the month of the Poto- 
mac is 104 miles, all ot which distance would be the 
plainest of sailing, without a swell to shake the ves- 
sel. From there to Capo Henry is eighty 
miles. Just inside the capes is a good 
anchorage-at Glen Cove-where the unal- 
loyed breezes of the sea could sweep through tho 
vessel. Many places have been suggested where the 
President could be removed with good results, but 
there appear more advantages tor the Tallapoosa 
trip, not the least of which is its entire feasibility. 
But there is not likely to be any movement for 
three or four days. All this, indeed, is speculation 
based upon the chances of the President's recovery. 
He is not out of the woods by a long way, and 
between the probable time of his removal ana now 
there may transpire a hundred things to bring him 
nearer the grave than he is to-night. 
COUNCIL ON REMOVAL. 
Dr. Agnew will arrive here to-morrow for the pur- 
pose ot participating in the special council of the 
attending physicians, called to decide the question 
of the removal of the President. It is expected 
that the doctors will have quite an animated ses- 
sion, as they are divided on the question of loca- 
tion. Some favor the Soldiers' Home, out- 
side of this city, some think well -of 
Long Branch as the place for recuperation, 
and the Tallapoosa has its friends. In race of this 
division of opinion it is not improbable that there 
will be a deadlock that will require an ail night ses- 
sion to decide. Dr. Bliss will make a tour of in- 
spection of the Tallapoosa to-morrow. The Long 
Branch trip will no doubt be finally agreed upon. 
That the President must be moved from the White 
House is imperatively demanded. 
rroadWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
~XEW "YORK, F1UI>V[J^PJ™ 2. 1831. 
[bt telegraph to the herald. ] 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion, ) 
Washington, sept. 1-8:30 A. M. f 
Toward nine o'clock last evening the President 
had some feverishness, and his pulse ranged from 
108 to 116. The condition, which was unaccompa- 
nied by rigors or sweating, had subsided by mid- 
night and did not interfere with his sleep. He had, 
on the whole, a good night, and this morning his 
condition is fully as favorable as yesterday at the 
same hour. Pulse, 100; temperature, 93.4; respira- 
tion, 17. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, PRANK H. HAMILTON, 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion-12:30 P. M. 
At the morning dressing of the President the ab- 
icess of the parotid gland was found to be discharg- 
ing freely. It looks well and continues to diminish 
in size. The state of the wound remains the same. 
His general condition is not materially different 
from what it was at this hour yesterday, except that 
the pulse is somewhat more frequent. Pulse, 108; 
temperature, 98; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS. ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, ERANK H. HAMILTON, 
J. J. WOODWARD. 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion-6:30 P. M. 
The condition of the President has not materially 
changed since the last bulletin, except that there 
has been a moderate rise of temperature this after- 
noon. It having been represented to us that a por- 
tion of this morning's bulletin has been misunder- 
stood we would state that the President has had no 
rigors for several weeks. At present his pulse is 
i08; temperature, 99.4; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
SECBETABY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
At half-past nine Secretary Blaine sent the follow- 
ing despatch to Minister Lowell:- 
•'To Lowell, Minister, London:- 
"The President continues to do well In his eating 
and digestion, and the swollen gland steadily im- 
proves; but in the past twenty-four hours he has 
made no substantial progress in his general condi- 
tion. In the judgment of his physicians, however, 
he still holds the ground gained on Sunday and 
Monday last. His pulse and temperature to-day 
have shown marKed increase over the record of yes- 
terday. The weather has been exceedingly warm 
and sultry, and this may account in part for the 
adverse changes noted. Even in the September cli- 
mate of Washington such an oppressive day as this 
has been is rare. BLAINE, Secretary." 
ANOTHER FAVORABLE DAY. 
Washington, Sept. 1, 1881. 
The President is better. That is the news from 
the White House to-day. He has bad one little 
hurry during the last twenty-four hours, when his 
pulse jumped up to 116 and there were feverish in- 
dications, but this soon went by, and as it was yet 
early in the night he passed into a restful, pleasant 
sleep before morning aud entered upon the day 
with a fair record made of his condition at the 
morning examination. That is, his pulse was down, 
his temperature approximated to normal and his 
respiration was at 17. 
MISAPPEHENSION CORRECTED. 
The wording of the morning bulletin caused con- 
siderable apprehension. It was stated that there had 
not been any rigors or sweat.ng aud that the fever- 
ishness had disappeared without them. This led 
many to believe that there had been something of 
that kind on previous occasions or that the symp- 
toms of the night had given rise to fears that the 
patient might pass into that condition. This, how- 
ever, was denied by the physicians so far as it ap- DB. BOYNTON'S BOSS VIEW. I 
To-day, in talking with Dr. Boynton, he took a 
rosy view of every thing, and said he felt quite sure 
that he would get well, because he had passed such 
a critical point. Then he referred to the reports 
about the President being delirious last week, and 
said:- 
"I see it published that I reported the President 
as saying, or rather asking, 'Is it worth while to 
continue the struggle in Florida?' as an evidence 
of his being delirious. As a matter of fact, he had 
then been delirious for eight or ten days, and that 
he made any reference to a say ing familiar to me as 
to any of bis friends who were near him during the 
campaign was a proof that he was regaining control 
of hie mind. The remark was encouraging instead 
of disheartening, and the contra construction which 
has been put upon it at my expense quite surprises 
1 me. 
Condition of the President. 
Now and then we get from the President's 
medical attendants in a vague way some in- 
cidental reference to the bullet that is still 
, in his body, by which we are assured that 
they have not completely forgotten this 
grave source of irritation. Lately we he ird 
that they are of opinion that the ball has 
moved its position, and one of them said 
that presently it might "shift to the 
vicinity of the rectum and pass out natu- 
ral y." What that means we are at a loss to 
understand. If it was a joke the surgeon 
should be congratulated upon the elasticity 
of min 1 that enables him to see the Presi- 
dent's case in a comical light. If it was 
intended seriously where did that man 
study anatomy? But these things prove 
that the ball once more attracts attention 
and that nature has not put around 
it that organizing envelope of plastic 
lymph which the surgeons relied upon as 
a reason why they need not take it out. It 
seems a great while since we showed in 
these columns that a ball which has lost its 
spheroid character cannot be encysted, and 
that a ball which has passed th rough a bone 
has almost necessarily lost its spheroid char- 
acter, and that consequently apian of treat- 
ment based upon the theory that the ball 
in the President's body would be encysted 
ignored the facts and was falsa from the 
first step. This at the end of eight weeks 
is proved by the migration of the bill, and 
is apparently admitted by the surgeons. 
But what they may be going to do about it 
we do not hear. At this present moment 
the President is in a fair way to recover 
from the grave complication of the ab- 
scess in the parotid g and. His recov- 
ery from that trouble will put him in 
a position almost as good as he was in be- 
fore that complication arose, and as soon as 
he is in that position the wound will trouble 
him once more. It has not troubled him 
lately because he has been below the reach 
ot that irritation. His trouble in one direc- 
tion has made the nervous system insensi- I 
ble to the trouble in the other. As he re- 
covers strength the vital functions will be 
more fully performed, and one vital func- 
tion of the system is to react against any 
persistent irritation. The wound, therefore, 
though kept out of sight for a time by more 
immediate dangers in another direction, was 
never of more serious consequence than at 
this moment. NEW YORK HERALD 
spontaneous. Should it slough off and the Presi- 
dent recover ho will be much disfigured. The only 
application now made to the face is a cloth dipped 
in cool water and wrung out. That is laid over tho 
points of suppuration. By reason of tho patient- 
lying on his side there has been no perceptible flow of 
pus to the mouth through the opening. Tho quan- 
tity discharged through the ear and out of the four 
incisions that were made on the side of the face re- 
lieves the swelling-in fact, drains it so well that 
tho flow into the mouth could only be trifling, even 
I If the position of tho stiff ror admitted it. 
UNSATISFACTORY CONDITION OF THE WOUND. 
It is to the wound, however, that attention is par- 
ticularly drawn just now. The flow of pus is indo- 
lent, and although some of it that is brought out on 
tho catheter used to wash tho sinews gives some in- 
dication of a healthful granulation it is not always 
so, and tne pus that flows from the outer end is not 
so healthy in appearance as it often has been. The 
catheter did not pass into the wound more than ton 
and a half inches at the morning dressing. Hitherto 
about four ounces of water have been used to fill tho 
wound with which it was washed. The catheter, 
which is a small, flexible rubber tube, about tho 
thickness of a stem of macaroni, is filled with 
water and inserted, and then, as what it contains is 
not enough to fill the wound, its outer end is put in 
water. To-day less than three and a half ounces filled 
the wound. When the catheter is withdrawn and 
cleaned it is used again to syphon out the water. 
THE BALL NOT ENCYSTED. 
It is now declared that beyond doubt the ball is 
not encysted, and that, as its shape may not be reg- 
ular, it cannot surround itself with that protec- 
tive lymph so necessary to enable the wound to heal 
unless it is removed. An eminent surgeon, speak- 
ing of this fact to-day, said the attending surggous 
are fighting against time. In hopes that they may 
discover some way to remove the ball, or that they 
will be aided by nature, and the ball will, despite 
the probabilities, become encysted. That they 
have done for two months. As a matter of fact the 
only chance of recovery that the President has now 
that he did not have fifty days ago is the surgeons 
have studied his case a little closerand have a better 
knowledge of it. On the other hand, the good 
chance that may come from this knowledge is 
counterbalanced a hundred times over by the fact 
that he is weaker than ever. He has passed into a 
marked septic condition and new complications 
have arisen and more are likely to arise. Summing 
up, then, the President has done nothing but retro- 
grade ever since th- first relapse the latter part of 
July, although he has at times been much better 
than at others. 
A GOOD APPETITE-THE BULLETINS. 
To-day his appetite was good. It was gratified 
with chicken broth and beet juice. The enema was 
continued as usual, and there was no fever. It 
seems to be tho intention of the surgeons to prevent 
any misconstruction of the situation arising from 
the wording of the bulletins. They are therefore 
unsatisfactorily short to-day, the noon bulletin 
especially being very brief, the shortest yet issued. 
Harry and James Garfield will go to Williamstown, 
Mass., to college on Tuesday. That is the present 
plan, although it may be changed before the time 
of starting in case the President should get worse. 
Don Rockwell, Jimmie's chum, goes with them, and 
Dr. Hawkes, the tutor, will see them launched on 
their collegiate course. 
Dr. Boynton told me at noon to-day that there was 
no change for the better, and that the President was 
weaker than he had been for a long time. Meeting 
him to-night, he said that ho thought the President's 
condition to-night was such that he would like to be 
reported as saying of it that it was certainly no 
worse, and while there was no marked improvement 
he thought there was a perceptible one. 
AN ENCOURAGING BULLETIN. 
To-night the bulletin is encouraging. True, the 
tcmperatuie at 99.2 is pretty high, but for all that 
he is, at nine o'clock, reported to be tolerably com- 
fortable, although at times a little restless. He ate 
very little to-night, and told Dr. Bliss that he felt 
that he had been given a little too much and that 
his stomach was a bit uneasy. This created some 
apprehension on the part of the doctors, but after a 
time the feeling passed away and the patient being 
asked if he could eat any declined and presently was 
sleeping quite soundly. Beyond thia there are no 
incidents to report from the sick chamber to-day. 
VISIT TO THE TALLAPOOSA. 
The question of moving the President was con- 
sidered to-day and that the Tallapoosa will be con- 
sidered as the first means is shown by the fact that 
Dr. Bliss made an official visit to her to-day in 
order that he could report to his colleagues how 
feasible the plan of using her really is. This after' 
noon he was taken there by Secretary of the Navy 
Hunt, accompanied by Private Secretary Brown, 
Colonel Rockwell, Advocate General Swaim and 
Ensign Ridgely Hunt, United States Navy. 
INSPECTION OF THE TALLAPOOSA. 
No intimation had been given of tho time the in- 
spection party would be at the yard, and their arri. 
val was so unexpected that the customary salute to 
the Secretary of the Navy was not given. Yrour jor- 
respondent was engaged in conversation with Com- 
manner neuogg wuen the party was seen coming 
down the yard, and in a few minutes they scram- 
bled up the gang plank on board. Everything was 
soon ship shape, and the ward room 
boys bustled around clearing up any 
scraps of litter that might bo apparent. 
Secretary Hunt introduced his companions 
to Commander Kellogg, and stated the object of 
their visit. The first place inspected was the 
room in which the swinging berth had been 
erected. As soon as Dr. Bliss saw the narrow quar- 
ters he said this place is entirely too small and close. 
We' must have a room where the bed will be accessi- 
ble from all sides. Besides, this room is not prop- 
erly ventilated. In case we wanted to move 
the President in his bed we could not 
get to him here conveniently except from one 
side. The Doctor then tried the springs attached to 
the berth, which moved stifly, and, although he 
did not express any opinion, he did not appear 
favorably impressed with their movements, from 
this room the party next visited the large state 
room, but this was also found to be too contracted 
for the purposes required. 
the place fob the president. 
They then passed into the saloon on the hurricane 
deck, aft of the room in which the swinging berth 
is placed, and, as soon as ho saw it. Dr. Bliss said:- 
"This is the place for the President, if any, aboard 
this vessel. The patient could here get plenty of 
fresh and pure air, and the surroundings would be 
cheerful and attractive." 
"Could you place a swinging berth in here?** he 
asked of Naval Constructor Polk. 
"Oh yes, sir. We would have to make a few alter- 
ations, but it would not take long." 
"What is usually the temperature in this room, 
Commander?" he inquired of Captain Kellogg. 
"It is one of the coolest and most pleasant places 
on the boat. The temperature has ranged, since we 
arrived here yesterday between eighty and eighty- 
five degrees. It would, of course, be cooler further 
down the river, near the bay." 
THE VESSEL'S MOVEMENT. 
"How does the vessel move?" 
"Very smoothly, although her engines are still 
now; but the more they are used the better they be- 
come in this respect." 
The party were unanimous in selecting this as the 
most desirable spot aboard for the room of the 
President if it was decided to move him down the 
river. After leaving the hurricane deck the party 
were shown over the vessel by Commander Kellogg, 
and they expressed themselves highly gratified with 
the arrangements made for the President's comfort 
and the appointments of the ship. 
STILL UNDECIDED. 
Your correspondent asked Dr. Bliss if he thought 
the President would be removed from the White 
House to the Tallapoosa, or would he be put on the 
cars for a trip to Long Branch. 
"I cannot say at present. I merely came down 
here to-day to satisfy myself in relation to the ac- 
commodations on this boat in case it was desired 
and it was deemed advisable to let the President 
take a sea voyage. I shall report what 1 have seen 
to the other physicians and also suggest certain 
alterations which would bo necessary should this 
m.ans be employed to give the President a pleasure 
trip." 
The party were then escorted to their carriages 
and on the way mot Commodore Patterson, com- 
mandant of the yard. He said that any alterations 
required aboard the Tallapoosa to fit her for the re- 
ception of tho distinguished guest would be made at 
once, as there was a large force of experienced me- 
chanics available for the purpose in the yard. 
Entering their carriages the party were driven back 
to the White House whero they stopped, with the 
exception of Sec otary Hunt, who returned to the 
Navy Department. 
Commander Kellogg received orders to-day from 
tho department to get ths Tallapoosa ready for sea 
immediately and take on whatever coal was neces- I 
sary for a voyage. 
WHERE SHALL THE PRESIDENT GO? 
Not having heard from Dr. Agnew to-day, Private 
Secretary Brown drove to the depot at ten o'clock 
to-night as a precautionary measure, but the Doctor 
did not arrive. He is expected to-morrow, however, 
to attend the council of the attending physicians 
touching the removal of the President. The Presi- 
dent's own wish in the matter is first Mentor and 
and next Long Branch. The latter seems to be ths 
place that will ba selected, and travel by rail is fast 
gaining friends among the physicians. 
CAR EOli THE PRESIDENT. 
Some railroad men with whom I talked to-day are 
rather amused at Dr. Bliss' view of having a car 
fitted up with the bed or cot swung from the roof 
of the car. They point out that the maximum vi- 
bration of a car in motion is at the top. Be- 
sides, that such a car could not be built 
in a week or even ten days for the 
reason that springs would have to be made, tested 
and regulated. In fact the construction would 
come from a plan now in au inchoate state, to say 
tho least. However, he could be moved in^a car and 
without difficulty, although probably with more 
risk than on the Tallapoosa. This question is not 
likely to be definitely settled before to-morrow 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
KEW YORK, SATURDAY. SEPTEMBER 3, 188L 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HEBALD. ] 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion, ) 
Washington, Sept 2-8:30 A. M. J 
The President slept well during tho night, and 
this morning his condition is in all respects as 
favorable as yesterday at the same hour. Pulse, 
100; temperature, 98.4; respiration, 17. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT HEYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion, Sept. 2-12:30 P. M. 
The President's condition has not materially 
changed since the morning bulletin was issued. 
Pulse, 100; temperature, 98.7; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
j. k. barnes, frank h. Hamilton. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion, Sept. 2-6:30 P. M. 
The President has passed a comfortable day, and 
this evening appears better than for some days past. 
He has taken a larger proportion of nourishment by 
the mouth and manifested greater relish tor it. 
His pulse shows some improvement as regards fre- 
quency and strength. The parotid abscess con 
tlnues to improve. The wound shows as yet little 
change. This evening his pulse is 101; temperature, 
C9.2; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
SECRETARY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Executive Mansion, Sept. 2, 1881. 
Secretary Blaine sent the following despatch to 
Minister Lowell to-night:- 
To Lowell, Minister, London:- 
The President has had a very satisfactory day and 
In the judgment of his surgeons all his symptoms 
are favorable to-night. Taking the twenty-four 
hours through he has had less fever and better ap- 
petite than for many days past. 
BLAINE, Secretary. 
STORY OF THE DAY. 
Washington, Sept. 2, 1881. 
In five days the general condition of the Presi- 
dent has made no improvement. Since Monday he 
has gained no strength. The evidence of his being 
better, as shown by the more healthy color of his 
skin, the removal of the canker from his tongue and 
the renewal of his own spirits, are the same to-day 
bs they were on Monday, and, as a natural result, the 
people about the White House are becoming some- 
what discouraged. "He is very weak," said Dr. 
Boynton to-day. 
"Weaker than he was on Monday?" I asked. 
"Certainly weaker than he was ten days ago." 
"Is there no improvement since Monday in the 
general condition of the President?" 
"His lace is much better. The wound, the orig- 
inal seat of the trouble, has not improved any." 
"And what are the prospects, in your judgment, 
to-day?" 
"That tho President should be moved away just 
Bs soon as possible." 
It is the prevailing opinion among physicians here 
who have an opportunity to form opinions out of 
the conversations they have with the attending sur- 
geons that the President is being kept up by means of 
tho stimulants which are administered six times in 
twenty-four hours, and which consist of whiskey, 
usually about an ounce at a time, and sometimes 
brandy. It is understood that the amount admin- 
istered has not been increased since Monday, 
Bithough it has been enough to excite the digestive 
organs'to perform their duties. The doctors profess 
to no longer have any fear of the stomach, although 
by it they seek to rebuild the wasted j^rength so 
that the treatment of tho wound may be resumed 
With greater promise. 
DANGER FROM THE SWOLLEN GLAND. 
There is now a great danger that the swollen 
Eland in the face will slough away, carrying with it 
a part of the flesh of tho cheek. To prevent this, if 
possible, tho application of the flaxseed poultices 
have been discontinued, and the flow of pus is now I morning, however. 
ANXIOUS TO GO. 
To-day Dr. Boynton asked tho President if he 
thought ho could be moved and taken through 
the cars and hear the trains go by without being 
affected thereby, and tho President replied that he 
thought he could stand the noise, and added that he 
wanted to go very, very much. 
Condition of the President. 
Accepting as trustworthy the record of 
the bulletins, the President is again "no 
worse than yesterday." He has been "no 
worse than he was yesterday" every day since 
that lamentable day when the surgeons them- 
selves thought the end had come. He is 
plainly living upon stimulants, and that, of 
course, is all right, for he must live upon 
whatever it is found will keep him alive, 
but he cannot go on indefinitely in that 
way. His parotid abscess now opens into 
the nose, into the mouth and into the ear, 
and at several points externally, and it 
is apprehended that the whole gland may 
slough away. In that case the little 
strength that remains will be dreadtully 
tried. NEW YORK HERALD 
the change of air and scene are tried? No one more 
than the patient himself thinks and hopes that 
it can. 
a critical undertaking. 
It would be folly to disguise the fact that this 
change is the most critical stage in the treatment, 
and that while there are no chances at all that the 
President can live if kept here, there are only a few 
that he can survive the removal. 
It is admitted now that for the last seven days he 
has been kept alive by stimulation only. Even Mr. 
Eliss, whose adroitness in reporting favorable symp- 
toms when the situation gave ground for none, 
has said as much, and has further con- 
fessed that stimulants must carry the Presi- 
dent to some place where their obvious necessity 
shall end or the patient himself expire. This fact, 
like most of the many in the treatment of the 
case that are important, is withheld from the 
bulletins. Nor is it repeated to interviewers, 
but it comes from a source so near the 
sick chamber, and so closely associated with it that 
there can be no dispute. After all, it is only what 
has been generally believed for several days, and, 
while never admitted by the doctors, has newer been 
contradicted by them. 
ELBERON THE PLACE SELECTED. 
Long Branch, or rather Elberon, is the objective 
point of the President's trip. He is of course to 
travel by the Pennsylvania Railroad, and Attorney 
General MacVeagh has immediate charge of the ar 
rangemente. His long connection with the company 
as its attorney enables him to do this with peculiar 
facility. 
NEW PLAN ADOPTED. 
The train on which the President will be carried 
is now in the Altoona shops of the Pennsylvania 
Railroad. The plan of using the late Thomas A. 
Scott's car for the President has been aban- 
doned, and a car constructed with a wide 
door opening in the side will be used 
instead. This is to enable the President's bed to be 
put into it just as he is. The car that is now being 
fixed is one such as is used partly tor baggage and 
partly for passengers. It is to be mounted on two 
trucks of eight wheels each and to be carpeted with 
cushions. A force of men are at work on it now and 
it will be ready to leave the car shop by noon to- 
morrow, and is to arrive here in the evening. 
Next to the engine will be drawn a parlor car fo/the 
President's family and members of the household. 
The President's car will be second on the train, and 
behind that will bo a Pullman hotel car for the sur- 
geons and for their hospital stores. 
Condition of the President. 
An explanation given in last night's 
Evening Post of the meagreness of the bul- 
letins seems to involve the statement that 
the reason the doctors report only the tem- 
perature, pulse and respiration is that they 
cannot agree upon any other points in the 
case; the moment they go aside from these 
mere arithmetical points there is a diver- 
gency of views. Is there any good 
authority for this statement ? And if there 
is-if it is true that the surgeons are not 
in full agreement-which party prevails; 
whose ideas control the treatment ? Or is 
the President now merely dr fling without 
treatment? He is reported to be as feeble 
now as he was on Sunday last, and on that 
day he was given up by everybody but Mrs. 
Garfield; yet now, at his worst moment, it 
is proposed to put him on his journey for 
the sea coast. If they had taken him to . 
Long Branch when they had him in the | 
station the journey thither would have 
done him no more harm than the drive to 
the White House did; but what effect it is 
probable it will have now is implied in the 
very desperation of the step. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT. 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK, SUNDAY. SEPTEMBER 4, 1881. 
(bi telegraph to the herald. 1 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion, ) 
Washington, Sept 3-8:30 A. M.) 
The President was somewhat more restless 
than usual during the early part of the 
night, but slept better after one A. M. 
This morning his general condition does not 
differ materially from what ft was at the 
same hour yesterday, except that there is a slight 
increase in the frequency of the pulse. Pulse, 104; 
temperature, 98.6; respiration, IS. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, PRANK H. HAMILTON. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
(Official.) 
j ( Executive Mansion, Sept. 3-12:30 P.M. 
The President's condition has not materially 
changed since the morning bulletin was issued. 
Pulse, 104; temperature, 98.4; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, FRANK H. HAMILTON, 
J. J. WOODWARD, D. HAYES AGNEW. 
(Official.) 
Executive Mansion, Sept. 3-6:30 P. M. 
The President has done well during the day and 
has taken with some relish a sufficient quantity of 
nutriment. The parotid swelling continues to dis- [ 
charge freely and to diminish in size. The wound 1 
shows no material change. Altogether his general 
condition exhibits some improvement over yester- 
day, Pulse, 102; temperature, 99.6; respiration, 13. ; 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, D. HAYES AGNHW. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
SECRETARY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Executive Mansion, Sept. 3, 1881. 
Secretary Blaine sent the following despatch to 
Minister Lowell to-night:- 
To Lowell, Minister, London?- 
In the judgment of the surgeons the President haa 
gained to day- The change is not great, but it 
is in the right direction and against the ad- 
verse influence of a very oppressive day. 
His appetite is improving and his pulse, tempera- 
ture and respiration have all been better than might 
have been expected in such excessive heat. The 
President will probably be removed to Long Branch 
early next week to escape the malarious influence of 
the Washington climate at this season. 
BLAINE, Secretary. 
[Unofficial bulletin.] 
Executive Mansion, Sept. 3,1881-Midnight. 
No material change has occurred in the Presi- 
dent's condition since last report. He is now 
resting quietly. The physicians are asleep and th* 
members of the President's household have retired 
for the night. 
NAEBATIVE OF THE DAY. 
Washington, Sept. 3, 1881. 
The removal of the President is decided upon. It 
is the forlorn hope in his treatment. At the con- 
sultation to-day Dr. Frank H. Hamilton said:- 
•'He will die if he remains; there is a chance it he 
is taken away." Any one who has followed the 
treatment of the President's case and the variations 
of his maladies can see how desperate the 
alternative is. To-night the President is so weak 
that he can barely turn his head on the pillow, and 
since Monday ho has not gained one particle of 
strength. To-day his physicians decide that he has 
indeed, inhaled the malarial poisons, ■which 
now add their virnlency to the irre- 
pressible pyemic poisons in the blood. 
Meanwhile the suppuration in the face 
and the flow of pus from the wound are eating 
away the tissues and exhausting the remnant of 
strength that the force of excessive stimulation can 
only a little longer bolster up. The question now 
is, can that fictitious strength be maintained until' NEW YORK HERALD 
RETURN OF GASTRIC DISTURBANCE. 
In the first bulletin of the day nothing is said, 
however, about swallowing pus from the parotid 
gland. The first vomiting last night took place about 
ten o'clock, nearly tour hours after the President 
had eaten his last morsel of food in the evening, and 
the stomach yielded forth what it had previously 
received In the same condition that it had been 
swallowed. This seems to show that it was 
not performing digestive duty at all. After 
the first spell of vomiting, which was quite 
severe, he slept again, but the sleep was that of 
exhaustion, and when he had rested, as he did, until 
a little after midnight, he awoke, and his stomach 
again asserted its disgust. He then entered upon a 
fitful sleep, which lasted till daylight. Ho awoke at 
that time fretful and peevish, and all the day re- 
mained so, steeping at intervals only, and remarking 
himself that he did not feel nearly so well as he had 
on the previous days of the week. 
THE PATIENT A LITTLE CHEERED. 
Nevertheless he was cheered somewhat by the 
prospects of getting away, and frequently spoke of 
his removal in hopeful tones. He named the people 
he would like to have go with him-his wife and 
daughter. General Swaim, C. O. Rockwell, Dr. Boyn- 
ton, Mrs. Dr. Edson, Secretary Brown, perhaps two 
colored servants (a man and woman). Dr. Bliss and 
the two consulting surgeons. He expressed it as 
his opinion that it was unnecessary that the 
other three attending surgeons should go, or at 
least remain if they came, but as it has been repre. 
sented that Dr. Woodward is keeping a record of the 
case it is thought likely that he will be allowed to 
remain with the President at Long Branch. Dr. 
Barnes and Dr. Reyburn will therefore, it is thought, 
if the President's wishes are consulted, be either 
left at home or, it they accompany the tram to El- 
beron, will not stay there regularly. 
BETTER TONE OF THE STOMACH. 
Thismorning the President had some breakfast into 
which there entered no solid substance whatever. He 
had a small quantity of porridge, some extract of 
beef, and the enema were continued. His stomach 
retained all this. His pulse was high-108, it was re- 
ported-but yesterday it was reported at a lower 
figure in the bulletin when its average range was, in 
fact, nearer to 115. The noon bulletin had 
litllejto say. It simply set forth that there was no 
change in the President's condition since the last 
bulletin. The pu.se, however, was given at 106, 
two beats lower than before, while the respiration 
ind temperature remained unchanged. 
UNFAVORABLE SYMPTOMS. 
During the afternoon the President's condition re- 
mained unchanged. He dozed a little and woke up 
■ fretful. It was of this state that tl^e bulletin issued 
at half-past six spoke when it said he had 
passed a comparatively comfortable day. He 
had taken food with some relish, and had no return 
of the irritability of the stomach. Further than that 
the wound showed no material change. The pulse, 
however, had risen to 110, and the temperature had 
gone up, as reported, 6-10, the respiration remaining 
unchanged. The bulletin was regarded as an un- 
favorable one and seems to indicate, said an eminent 
surgeon who has watched the case closely, that the 
wound is giving renewed trouble, and that the evi- 
dences of blood poisoning are becoming plainer and 
plainer every day. 
APPREHENSION AND UNCERTAINTY. 
The feeling about the White House to-night is 
one of deep apprehension and uncertainty. The 
news from the sick room is not encouraging, and 
the prospects of a successful removal become hourly 
more and more gloomy. It is certain that the Presi- 
dent is very weak-weaker than he has been for a 
long time. He is nervous and fretful, anxious 
to be away and impatient at the delay, querulous 
with the doctors and attendants and generally dis- 
satisfied with his failure to make good progress. 
Every turn presents new difficulties in the way of 
his removal. The President is very sensitive to the 
heat or cold of the external air no matter at what 
point the temperature is kept in his room 
and it was in connection with this fact that a gen- 
tleman spoke,who is connected in the management 
of hlB'removal and said to me:- 
•'There are so many contingencies arising almost 
at every turn that it is possible that he cannot be 
taken away after all. So far wo are has- 
tening the arrangements, so as to bo ready 
at the any ' available moment to take 
him away. He being so sensitive to a change of air, 
we will have to consider the weather very carefully. 
For instance, we must take him early in the morn- 
ing. Ho himself must bo feeling in good 
spirits and in no unnecessary state of ex- 
citement. Should ho be feeling well and 
the weather be unfavorable, then he cannot 
go; should he not be well and the weather bad he 
cannot go; should he be well and the weather bo 
good here and rain or promise of wet weather be 
reported from the Branch then he cannot go. You 
can appreciate this difficulty all the better if you 
notice the weather conditions that prevail to- 
day. At noon to-day and until five o'clock 
it was close and sultry. .To-night there is a cool, 
almost chilly, breeze sweeping through the streets. 
Now remember that the President has been for over 
two mouths in a room where the temperature has 
been controlled to a traction ot a degree, and 
changed at will as the patient wished or the surgeons 
thought best, aud consider him taken from that 
room, but into the open air, to which he is so sensi- 
tive, and then placed in a car over the temperature 
of which there is absolutely no control and carried 
nearly three degrees ot' latitude to the north just on 
the verge of the equinoctial season, and you will re- 
view a few of the dangers and some of the obstacles 
in the way ot completing that which we have de- 
cided to do, and will if it is possible." 
ARRANGEMENTS FOK KEMOVAL. 
The cat described in these despatches is now on 
its way from Altoona to Washington, and is due to 
arrive here at five o'clock in the morning. The ar- 
rangements, as made and printed in the Herald to- 
day, have not been changed, except that the Presi- 
dent will be taken to the depot on 
Sixth street instead of across the malaria 
breeding lawn and meadow between the White 
House and the side track or switch, near the Wash- 
ington Monument. He will be carried in a large 
covered furniture van or car from the White House 
to the depot. During this transportation he will 
rest upon rubber beds filled with hot water, and his 
bed will be held from the bottom of the car by four 
strong men. 
Attorney General MacVeagh will, unless the 
present arrangements are changed, leave here on the 
10:30 train tc-morrow for Long Branch. 
DOUBTS ABOUT THE REMOVAL. 
So far as can be learned noboddy knows 
when the President is to be taken away. 
Should all the conditions be favorable he 
might go to-morrow, but the outlook now is 
that he will not leave as soon as many expect. He 
will be. too sick a man to be removed to-morrow if 
he does not come up from his present low state 
with amazing aud unparallelled rapidity. General 
Swaim, Colonel Rockwell and several members of 
the Cabinet say they have no reason to think that 
he will be taken away to-morrow* even if all circum- 
stances are favorable. It was with great difficulty 
that the President was put to sleep to-night. He 
talked eagerly, almost excitedly, about his removal 
and it was not until nearly midnight that he slept 
at all. 
WHAT DR. BOYNTON SAYS. 
Dr. Boynton said to-night"The President has 
passed rather a restless day. He has not slept as 
much to-day as usual." 
"Do you consider that the day has been favora- 
ble?-' was asked,. 
"No," ho replied. "I do not, on the contrary, it 
has been a bad day, although there have been no 
indications of a rebellious stomaci*." 
" Has it been determined when the President will 
be remrved from the White House?" 
"Not yet; all the arrangements have not been 
fully agreed upon." 
"In his present condition do you think the Presi- 
dent too weak to stand the fatigue of the journey." 
"Well, I hardly know. We would prefer that he 
was a little stronger than he is now." 
"How is the wound getting along?" 
"Both the parotid gland aud the wound in the 
back are doing as well as can be expected. The 
swelling of the face has almost subsided." 
THE TIME FOR REMOVAL NOT FIXED. 
It was a difficult matter to get anything 
definite from the sick room after the 
evening bulletin was issued. The all absorb- 
ing topic aud unanswered question was 
"When is the President to be removed?" No one 
seemed willing to venture an opinion as to the time 
or day. All the members of the Cabinet were present 
during the evening and they remained until past ten 
o'clock. Secretary Hunt said uo definite time 
had been determined upon for the removal 
of the President. There were several delays 
that had to bo arranged before any conclusion 
could be reached. Secretary Blaine said that it had 
not been agreed to remove the President on Tuesday. 
Nothing further had been determined upon except 
what tad already been said in the despatches. 
DR. BLISS NOT TO BE SEEN. 
It has been customary within the past week or two 
for Dr. B iss to come down stairs about ten o'clock 
and make a statement of the President's condition, 
and other details at that hour, but to-night 
he failed to put in an appearance, and 
his coming was anxiously looked for by a 
large number of correspondents, who waited 
around the White House until eleven o'clock. 
Word was sent to Dr. Biss that ho would 
confer a favor upon those in waiting if he would 
furnish them with some definite information 
concerning the President's condition. General 
Swaim answered, at half-past ten, by say- 
ing that Dr. Bliss was lying down and 
did not care to be disturbed. He 
added that the President h id been sleeping at short 
intervals since the evening bulletin was issued, and 
when awake his mind was constantly upon the 
propsed trip to Long Branch. 
All kinds of rumors were afloat to the 
effect that a relapse was imminent, which 
was the cause of the reticence on the 
part of the attendants. At half-past 
eleven o'clock uo further intelligence could 
be obtained, and one by one the corre- 
spondents left the White House, wondering 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW WEN, MONDAY. SEPTEMBER 5, 1881. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD. 3 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion. ) 
Washington, Sept 4-8:30 A. M. j 
The President vomited once late last evening aud 
once about an hour after midnight. Notwithstand- 
ing this disturbance he slept well most of the night, 
and this morning has taken food by the mouth 
without nausea and lias retained it. His pulse is 
somewhat more frequent, but in other respects his 
pondition Is about the same as at this hour yester- 
day. Pulse, 108; temperature, 98.4; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, D. HAYES AGNEW. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
(Official.) 
Executive Mansion. Sept. 4-12:30 P. M. 
The President's condition has not changed materi 
illy since the last bulletin was issued, and there has 
been no further gastric disturbance. Pulse, 106; 
temperature, 98.4; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
j. k. barnes, d. hayes agnew. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
[Official.] 4 
Executive Mansion, Sept. 4-6:30 P. M. 
The President has passed a comfortable day. He 
has taken his food with some relish, and had no re- 
turn of the irritability of stomach reported in the 
morning's bulletin. The parotid swelling continues 
io improve and/fuo'^^sjso far reduced that the con- 
tour of his face is restored. The wound shows no 
material change. The rise of temperature this 
afternoon has been very slight, but his pulse was 
more frequent throughout the day than yesterday 
or the day before, aud he showed mere fatigue after 
the dressing. Pulse, 110; temperature, 99; respira- 
Uon, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, D. HAYES AGNEW. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
SECRETARY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Execuiive Mansion. Sept. 4, 1881. 
Secretary Blaine sent the following despatch to 
Minister Lowell to-night:- 
To Lowell, Minister, London :- 
Last night the President did not rest well, and 
twice during the night his stomach was so disturbed 
that he vomited. During the day he has been bet- 
ter, and has swallowed the usual quantity of food 
and retained it. His pulse, however, has been 
higher than for the two preceding days. His sur- 
geons do not think he has lost ground, but he cer- 
tainly has not gained since last night's despatch. 
At this hour, half-past ten, he is quietly sleeping. 
BLAINE, Secretary. 
[Unofficial Bulletin.] 
Executive Mansion, Sept. 3-Midnight. 
The President has rested comfortably since ten P. 
M., sleeping most of the time. No noticeable change 
tn his condition has occurred since that hour. 
NARRATIVE OF THE DAY 
Washington, Sept. 4, 1881. 
Last night the President's stomach entered a pro- 
test against its treatment.. The result was vomit- 
ing. The bulletin states that fact, but the doctors 
Being asked for the cause give either general answers 
or evade the question. Outside medical opinion is 
more pronounced. Doctors say directly tbat one of 
two "things has caused the trouble. First, the ex- 
treme usefulness of the stimulants that have been 
so liberally administered has been reached and the 
system has revolted or the stomach has been forced 
to accept food ot too. great a variety and 
too abundant as to quantity. Reed birds, squir- 
rel soup, bouillon, chicken, beefsteak, por- 
ridge, beef juice, extract ot beef, toast, 
milk and koumiss formed the bill of fare for yester- 
oay, aud, although the aggregate quantity would 
have been small for a well man, it is a great quan- 
tity for one so sick as the President. Either of the 
facts are, m the judgment of the criiicising doctors, 
sumcient cause iof the first. wnat was the cause of the protracted silence. It is 
tbe general opinion that unless the President shows 
a marked improvement over to-day he will not be 
removed from the White House to Long Branch. 
At midnight the weather here is rather chilly and 
the air damp and unpleasant. The sky is overcut 
and every sign is of rain. The indications, as 
obtained at the Signal Office are for cloudy weather, 
followed by light, but continued rains. Should these 
be justified the President cannot be moved within 
forty-eight hours. 
THE BOUTE TO LONG BBANCH. 
Attorney General Ma Veagh, who has conducted 
the correspondence with the Pennsylvania llailroad 
officials for the removal of the President to 
Long Branch, said this evening that th 
route over which the special train would proceed 
will be direct from Washington to West Philadel- 
phia, thence to Monmouth Junction, N. J. 
At tho latter point the "special" train will 
leave the main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad 
and proceed to Jamesburg, N. J., where it will 
take the regular Long Branch route. The train, he 
thought, would run about forty miles per hour, 
aud he did not think tho President would experience 
any disturbance whatever from this high rate of 
speed, owing to the fact that a contrivance had been 
adopted which would prevent any jarring or jostling 
The President's Condition. 
The reports from the sick chamber in the 
White House are not reassuring, and though 
we are informed that the surgeons do not 
think the patient has lost ground, the 
ominous announcement of trouble again 
with the stomach, accompanied by vomiting, 
shows that he must have retained his ground 
under very adverse circumstances. Hap- 
pily the trouble was of short duration 
and the President took and retained 
the usual quantity of food during the 
day. So much, however, has been pre- 
dicated on the supposition that the stomach 
complication was at an end that a thrill 
of anxious fear will follow this unexpected 
recurrence of it. The higher pulse, too, 
will do much to dash the hopes which fol- 
lowed its reduction below the danger point 
a few days ago. The record of cases in 
which sufferers from gun shot wounds have 
recovered following a change of air and 
scene is a long one, and in the speedy re- 
moval of the President from the White 
House and its poisoned atmosphere lies, we 
fear, the only rational hope of any change 
for the better. 
Long Branch as the President's Sani- 
tarium. 
The selection of Long Branch as a sani- 
tarium for the President at the present time 
is perhaps the best that couid have been 
made. A mountain resort at this part of 
the season is open to the grave objection 
that the nocturnal changes of temperature 
are often very considerable, while the sun 
Las sti 1 so much power by day and the 
dryness of the air admits of the earth's 
rapid radiation of its heat. There can be 
no doubt that for a weak and wasted in- 
valid sea air is generally the b -st conser- 
vator of his strength and most likely to give 
tone to his system. The average range of 
temperature at Long Branch in Septem- 
ber is not more than 38 degrees, aud a 
little less in October, showing that in the e 
months it has almost an insular climate. 
The sanitary value of such a climate is 
strikingly shown by the British meteoro- 
logist, Buchan, who s ates that "mortality is 
eight per cent greater in England than in 
Scotland, the climate of the latter being । 
more equable or insular in its character, 
and it is found on advancing into the Conti- 
lent of Europe that the more extreme the 
climate becomes so much more is the death 
rate increased." The transition tram Wash- 
ington to the Jersey coast may therefore be 
expected to give the President new life. 
While the fall temperature at Long Branch 
is equable it is not t?o low for the comfort 
ot an invalid. Ihe minimum in September, 
judging by the records of neighboring points, 
is not likely at any time to be below 49 de- 
grees. With a normal barometric pressure 
averaging 30.00 inches through the two t 
months named, and the prevailing winds') 
from the south and southwest, the nation's | 
sufferer will have in his new quarters all 
that an American climate is capable of min- 
istering to his restoration. The only ad- 
verse feature of the Jersey coast for the 
invalid will be the "northeasters" which 
may be felt. But their advent may be 
postponed until near the close of Septem- 
ber, by which time it is to be hoped he wll 
be strong enough to be indifferent to , 
weather changes. NEW YORK HERALD 
the arrangements which only have been changed in' 
Borne unimportant particulars. The President will 
be carried in a large express wagon from the White 
House through the grounds on the north side ot the 
Executive Mansion to Pennsylvania avenue, then 
eastward one square to Fifteenth street, down Fif- 
teenth street, past the Treasury Department and 
on to the cars of Sixth street and the avenue, a 
distance of nine squares. The train will be 
under the immediate charge of General Train 
Master Watts, of the New York division 
of the Pennsylvania Bailroad, and will be manned 
as follows:-J. M. Whelpley, conductor; James 
Kelley, baggage master, and George Dean, brake- 
man, all of the New York division. It will be drawn 
by engine No. 569, an anthracite coal burner; Will- 
Page, engineer, and P. W. Loomis and E. Gunnell, 
firemen. There will be no dust from the engine, 
which will run through to Long Branch. It is in 
the very best order, and there will be so little noise 
made that the party will hardly be aware that they 
ire on the train. 
COMPOSITION OF THE TBAIN. 
There will be in this train (car No. 33) an Eastlake, 
which has been specially fitted up for the President; 
car 120, Pennsylvania Bailroad, President Boberts' 
special car; car 268, an Eastlake, and baggage car 59. 
Car 33, in which the bed for the President is laid, 
was fitted for the occasion at Altoona, and left there 
yesterday. All the seats were taken out aud the car 
thoroughly renovated, a false top was put on a tew 
inches above the roof of the car in order to give 
the air an opportunity to circulate between it and 
the roof, so as to keep the car cool. 
The partition was taken out and replaced 
by folding doors and storm doors were added to 
the platform doors. Wire gauze was fastened on the 
outside of the car, completely enclosing the parlor 
apartment, to keep tho car free from dust. The in- 
side was hung with heavy curtains aud Brussels car- 
pet was laid on the floor. Two large iceboxes well 
filled with ice are in one apartment. On the sides 
the car are several heavy engine axles for ballast. 
About the centre of the apartment for the President 
his bed is made, a mattress over fifteen inches deep 
being set on two boards covered with cloth, the ends 
resting on cleats on the top of the washboard, and, 
judging from the trial made, he will ride easy. 
A short track has been laid from the depot over 
the cobblestone pavement on Sixth street to the 
asphaltum pavement on the avenue, and where the 
line of route crosses the street car tracks loads of 
sawdust have been put to prevent jolting. 
A TRIAL TRIP. 
To-day Dr. Bliss and Colonel Bockwell visited 
i the train, and it being found made up at the sug- 
gestion of Colonel Rockwell an engine was attached 
and a short trip taken to Benning's, about five 
miles out. There were on the tram Deputy Second 
Auditor Harrison and Messrs. Walters, Sharp and 
others of the railroad association. As the 
, train started Colonel Bockwell threw himself 
upon the mattress and soon satisfied himself that 
it would ride easy. Dr. Bliss then lay down on it 
and it was found to ride perfectly satisfactory. The 
train was run at different rates of speed, and across 
the branch, forty miles per hour was attained. To 
the surprise of some there was less motion than at 
a slower rate and it is likely that will be the standard. 
On the return trip a consultation was held by 
Colonel Bockwell with Mr. Ely and the other railroad 
men, the result of which was that an agreement was 
made as to the time of leaving and that no persons 
be allowed on the train excepting those holding 
passes signed by Colonel Rockwell. 
TIME OF DEPARTURE--THE PRESIDENT'S CONDITION. 
While this time has not been made public there 
are reasons to believe that unless some accidents oc- 
cur by breakfast time to-morrow morning the Presi- 
dent will be gliding ou to his destination. All the 
surgeons say that the President is getting along well 
to-day and that no obstacle to his removal nas oc- 
curred or is likely to occur. The history of the day 
in the sick chamber is pretty well told in the bul- 
letins. The pulse has been high and the patient 
restless. To-day he said to Dr. Bliss:- 
•'Well this is my last day in the White House." 
The Doctor replied in substance, "You are doing 
so well that it don't matter how long you stay now." 
'•No; but 1 do not waut to stay. I want to go to- 
day," was the quick reply. 
He was given the usual quantity of food and the 
enema were continued as usual. He did not sleep 
much, however, during the day. 
IN A FAIR CONDITION. 
Your correspondent found an opportunity to- 
night to have a brief conversation with Dr. Boynton, 
who was fully occupied in perfecting arrangements 
for his trip to Long Branch. The doctor assured 
me that the President was in very fair con- 
dition notwithstanding the high pulse and 
temperature which characterized his symp- 
toms during the day. In reply to the query 
whether he considered the President in 
a condition to undergo the change proposed he said 
he hoped so. He said that at any rate the President 
was better to-night than he was at the same hour 
yesterday. He added that the President was very 
much pleased at the idea of leaving, and talked about 
it during the day. In reply to the question what 
hour lias tt,en set for tho removal, he said about six 
o'clock to-morrow morning. 
THK DAY IN THE SICK CHAMBER. 
Dr. Susan Edson said this evening that notwith- 
standing the President was now very weak he passed 
a more comfortable day than yesterday. She said 
he asked her about noon whether she thought he 
oould stand the journey to Long Branch, of which 
he spoke often during the day. She answered that 
he could. His only reply was, "I hope so." She 
said Mrs. Garfield was so busy getting ready to go 
away that she had been in the room but little during 
the day, and except the talk now and then of the re- 
moval nothing happened of any interest. She said 
he took lees nourishment to-day than yesterday and 
expressed less relish for it, although at no time did 
they have to force it on him. 
PACKING UP. 
Packing up has been the order of the day at the 
White House. It began early in the morning and 
continued until late to-nigbt. Government wagons 
brought a lot of empty boxes there, aud the entire 
lot of servants in the house filled them and sent 
them to the depot here. They were placed in the 
baggage car of the Presidential train. Even the 
physicians caught the infection, and began making 
tboir preparations to leave early in the day. Dr. 
Bliss' surgical instruments filled two small boxes. 
Dr. Woodward's microscopical apparatus filled two 
large boxes. When Dr. Iteyburn left the White 
House to-night he brought out two armsful of 
books which had been needed in studying the symp- I 
toms and in the consultations that followed the 
thrice daily dressing of the wounds and incisions in ; 
the parotid gland. 
CARRYING THK BED. 
Toward nightfall there w..s taken into the house 
through the main door a large frame to which there 
were long handles hinged by heavy butts. On this 
the bed containing the President will be placed, so 
that it can be easily carried. There are handles so that 
six or eight persons can assist in carrying it. This 
will be used in removing the President from his 
room, where he has spent so many long, weary and 
lonesome hours, to the express wagon which will 
convey him to the depot, and will again be used 
upon arriving at Loug Branch in conveying him to 
the quarters provided for him there. 
RENOVATING THE WHITE HOUSE. 
During the absence of the President and his fam- 
ily the various rooms of the White House will be 
cleaned up, the entire building inside as well as 
outs'de painted and necessary repairs made. The 
furniture in the spacious East Boom and some of the 
parlors will be taken out and disposed of by auction 
and the rooms completely refurnished. This has 
not been done for nearly ten years. Some of the 
furniture of late having become very shabby in ap- 
pearance Mrs. Garfield selected a quantity of furni- 
ture when she was in New York last spring. It would 
have been put in long before this had not the inci- 
dents that happened there in the past two months 
prevented it. 
TEMPORARY TRACK LAID. 
There have been thousands of persons about the 
depot to-day and this evening for the purpose of 
seeing the President's car, but as it was in the depot 
yard all day but few saw it. Tho force of men who 
were put to work last night laying the track up 
Sixth street to the avenue, thus doing away with 
the necessity of having the wagon containing the 
President pass over the rough cobble stone paved 
street, was increased this morning to several hun- 
dred, and by an early hour in the afternoon the 
track was completed and everything in readiness, 
so that the start could be made at a moment's 
notice. The car provided for the President furnishes 
all the ease that can be secured in railroad travel. 
ANIMATED SCENE AT THE WHITE HOUSE. 
The White House presented an animated scene to- 
night, a» it contained an unusually large number of 
correspondents eager to learn the details relative to 
the removal of the President. A large force of por- 
ters was engaged in bringing out trunks, valises and 
packages, the luggage of those accompanying the 
President. Two large express wagons were heavily 
laden with this class of freight. Private Secretary 
Brown ^as up to his shoulders in business, and 
Colonel Eockwell aud Colonel Corbin were kept busy 
superintending the arrangements connected with 
the trip. Numerous wagons, carriages and coupes 
crowded the main entrance, and one had to bestir 
himself to keep'clear of the industrious workers as 
they moved to and fro in performance of their 
duties. 
AWAITING THE COMING. 
Rumor was afloat that the Presidential party meant 
to get away under the cover of night and thus dis- 
appoint those who were apt to crowd the thorough- 
fares along from the Executive Mansion to the Bal- 
timore and Potomac Depjt. 'this, however, was 
denied by those inclose communion with the au- 
thorities. A very respectable number of govern- 
ment employes and citizens of the city, not to be 
outdone by any surreptitious movement on the part 
of those in charge ot the arrangements of departure, 
have stationed themselves along the streets leading 
to tho depot, aud display a decided tendency to 
await the coming of the President should it not take 
place until to-morrow at noon. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1881. 
[by telegraph to the heeald.] 
[O^cial.] 
Executive Mansion, 1 
Washington, Sept. 5-8:30 A. M.I 
The President was somewhat restless during the 
•arly part of the night, but slept well after mid- 
night. He has taken by the mouth and retained the 
nutriment prescribed. This morning his pulse is 
less frequent than yesterday. His temperature is a 
degree above normal. 
Pulse, 102; temperature, 99.5; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYRURN, 
J. K. BARNES. D. HAYES AGNEW. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion-12:30 P.M. 
The President's condition has not changed materi- 
ally since the last bulletin was issued, except that 
there is some increase in the frequency of the pulse. 
He has taken with some relish the nourishment ad- 
ministered by the mouth, and had no return of gas- 
tric irritability. 
Pulse, 114; temperature, 99.5; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT KEYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, D. HAYES AGNEW. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
[Official.] 
Executive Mansion-6:30P. M. 
No material change has taken place in the condi- 
tion of the President since morning. The parotid 
abscess continues to improve, and the wound re- 
mains about the same. The pulse is somewhat lees 
frequent than at noon. At present it is 108; tem- 
perature, 99.8; respiration, 18. Should no untoward 
symptoms prevent it is hoped to move the President 
to Long Branch to-morrow. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, D. HAYES AGNEW. 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
[Unofficial.] 
Executive Mansion-12 M. 
The President has rested quietly since the issu- 
ance of the evening bulletin and has slept part of 
the time. No obstacle to his removal has. occurred 
■Ince that hour. 
BEC.BKTABY BLAINE TO MINISTKB LOWELL. 
Executive Mansion-9:40 P. M. 
The following has just been transmitted:- 
To Lowell, Minister, London:- 
This has been the hottest day of the season and 
the heat has told upon the President. His pulse 
and temperature have been higher than for several 
days past. In other respects there has been no 
special change, either favorable or adverse. It is 
expected that he will be removed to Long Branch 
to-morrow. It is hoped that the sea air will 
strengthen him. BLAINE, Secretary. 
BEM0VAL OF THE PBESIDENT. 
The critical condition of the President is almost 
tost sight of in the bustle of preparation for his de- 
parture. He is very weak and low to-night, but, 
cheered by the prospect of soon escaping from the 
sick room iu which he has spent nearly seventy 
days, it is thought his strength will hold to allow 
him to be fairly started on his perilous journey. 
The preparations are all made; the team is 
ready, the baggage packed, but at what hour 
he will start remains a mystery. He may go at 
any hour after midnight, and ha may not start 
till the sun Is well up in the heavens to-morrow 
morning. Whether the people of the White House 
who have charge of the transportation are waiting 
to avail themselves of the best condition of the 
patient himself or whether they seek to keep the 
movement secret, and thus to avoid a crowd in the 
streets, nobody can tell. The evening bulletin says 
if no untoward accident occurs the President will 
go to Long Branch to-morrow. That is all the infor- 
mation to be had of a definite character. Dr. Agnew 
says to-morrow begins at twelve o'clock midnight. 
ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE REMOVAL. 
The Herald on yesterday published the details of approaches to the white house closed. 
At eleven o'clock all the approaches to the White 
House are closed, and the police officers on duty are 
instructed to allow no one but Cabinet officers to 
n^Tu Those who are in must stay iu. for if they 
go out they cannot get back again. At this time it 
is reported that the President is sleeping. It is 
probable that should he awake and all things are 
favorable the President will be removed before day- 
light. 
A FAVORABLE NIGHT. 
The night is warm and sultry. The hot air, damp- 
ened by rains that have recently fallen in portions 
of Virginia, is keenly felt. At eleven o'clock the 
thermometer registered eighty-nine, and one feels 
it more than if it stood at 100. The stillness of the 
night is not broken by a sound, and there is not 
breeze enough to rustle the leaves that have fallen 
from the parched trees that line the broad highways 
of tho city. There seems to be a fitness in the hour, 
for no better time could have been settled on 
wherein the removal of the nation's patient 
might bo consummated with atmospheric 
safety. Such a night at this season is the 
sign of serene, delightful morn. In the President's 
weak and debilitated condition ho is not disturbed 
by the heat and what would prove bracing weather 
for the healthful would be disastrous to the invalid. 
Therefore it is reasonable to presume that so far as 
the climate is concerned all is well. 
BULLETINS-HYPODERMIC INJECTIONS, 
|The attending surgeons have made preparations to 
furnish a bulletin of the President's condition at 
every important point passed en route. It is under- 
stood he will be composed to sleep by hypodermic 
injections, so that the excitement of the journey will 
not be known to him at all. 
BEMOVAL TO THE WAGON. 
Private Secretary Brown said the President would 
be conveyed down stairs to ttie wagon upon a 
stretcher which had been completed this evening at 
the government shop, borne by Drs. Bliss, Agnew, 
Reyourn, Woodward, Surgeon General Barnes, Gen- 
eral Swaim, Colonel Rockwell and Dr. Boynton. 
The entire Cabinet will go down to Long Branch to- 
morrow morning on the half-past ten train. 
A DAY OF PBAYEB. 
Postmaster General James said as he was leaving 
the White House, "I wish you would inform the 
members of the press that the District Commis- 
sioners have set apart to-morrow as a day of prayer 
for the recovery of the President." 
"Did any of the Cabinet officers see the President 
to-night. General?" 
"Not one. We could do him no good, and at the 
same time it was not deemed advisable to cause any 
more annoyance than necessary to-night, as he is 
more or less excited over his anticipated trip," 
INGEBSOLL AT THE WHITE HOUSE. 
Colonel Bob Ingersoll arrived in the city to-night, 
and came immediately from the depot to' the 
White House and had a long interview with 
Dr. Bliss. Colonel Ingersoll said that he 
had informed him that everything was going 
along as well as could be expected. The President 
is a trifle nervous over the proposed removal, but 
his pulse had diminished since the evening bulletin 
was issued. 
THE PRESIDENT'S BAGGAGE. 
The baggage of the Presidential party was brought 
downstairs and placed just inside the front door. 
It consisted of twelve trunks, a large wooden 
box and a travelling bag. About nine 
o'clock two large boxes containing medical 
stores were sent down to the depot. The Cabinet 
left the White House for the night about ten o'clock. 
Secretary Kirkwood said it was not the intention of 
the Cabinet to be present when the President was 
removed in the morning. At eleven o'clock all the ar- 
rangements are complete and everything is ready 
for the journey. 
DEPARTURES. 
About half-past six o'clock this evening Colonel 
Rockwell, accompanied by his wife, left the White 
House, followed by General Swaim in his own car- 
riage and by Dr. Reyburn. The latter was the recip- 
ient of many affectionate farewells. He smiled 
when his friends shook hands with him and said: 
"You are very much mistaken. You will see me 
here to-morrow." 
The President's sons, Harry and James, left for 
Williams College, Mass., at halt-past nine o'clock to- 
night accompanied by Colonel Rockwell's son, Don, 
and Dr. Hawkes. Before leaving, Harry and James 
were admitted to the sickroom and took an affection- 
ate farewell of their father. The President greeted 
his two sons very cheerfully, but at the same time 
the parting was very affecting to those who 
witnessed it. He bestowed upon them a father's 
blessing, and advised them to improve their time at 
school and strive to make a creditable impression 
upon their schoolmates. The parting between 
Mrs. Gai field and her sons was very touching, 
and tho two boys bore up manfully under 
the trying situation. Colonel Rockwell es- 
corted the boys to the carriage and kissed 
each one as he entered and bade them to be 
of good cheer and leave the rest to God. Mrs. Gar- 
field, Miss Mollie Garfield, Miss Rockwell and sev- 
eral of the Cabinet officers* wives were at the up- 
stairs windows and waved a last farewell as the 
carriage drove out of the grounds. 
TENDER FROM PRESIDENT GABBETT. 
President Garrett, of the Baltimore and Ohio Rail- 
roaa, has tendered his parlor car Maryland, said 
to be the finest in the country, to the President in 
the event of his being able to go from Long Branch 
to Mentor at some future day. He also offers the 
use of his road and all the facilities of the Mount 
Claire works, where 4,000 hands are employed, as 
well as the exclusive use of Deer Park Hotel. 
THE PHYSICIANS ON THE PRESIDENT'S CONDI- 
TION. 
Executive Mansion, 1 
Washington, Sept. 5-8 A. M. J 
In conversation this afternoon Dr. Boynton, in 
reply to a question as to the President's condition 
to-day, said:- 
•'I think the President is doing very well to-day." 
"Is he better to-day than yesterday?" was then 
asked. 
"Yes," said the Doctor; "he is better than he has 
been for a week past." 
••How do you account for the high pulse?" 
"Well, the pulse has varied considerably of late. 
It is not specially significant at present. His pulse 
is firm, and, notwithstanding the figures shown by 
the oulletin, I consider the President in compara- 
tively good condition to-day." 
"How is the parotid swelling?" 
"The swelling has nearly entirely subsided." 
"Is there much discharge from it to-day?" 
"The discharge continues to be quite free." 
"Has there been any change in the wound?" 
"Not much, excepting probably a slight increase 
in the flow of pus." 
"What is the character of the pus to-day?" 
"I consider it better than for some time past." 
"Do you thiuk. Doctor, that the President is 
strong enough to stand, without serious fatigue, the 
proposed trip to Long Branch?" 
"I do, and I think he will be immediately benefited 
by the change." 
"You think, then, that it is an essential undertak- 
ing?" 
"Yes, sir." 
"Shall you accompany the patient?" 
"Yes." 
UNFAVORABLE BUMOB DENIED. 
At four o'clock Dr. Bliss came out into the busi- 
ness office of the Mansion, at which time the follow- 
ing dialogue took place:- 
"Doctor, there is a rumor on the street that the 
President is not so well to-day. What foundation is 
there for it?" 
"There is no foundation for it and no truth in it." 
"Is he better?" 
"Yes, sir, decidedly better." 
"How does his condition to-day compare with yes- 
terday at the same hour?" 
"Heis better today." 
"His pulse is rather high, is it not?" 
•'Yes. It was a little more frequent at noon, but 
it is a good pulse." 
"Have you taken the temperature since the bul- 
letin?" 
"No; but there is nothing to indicate that it is 
more than one degree above normal." 
■ "I suppose one degree is not significant of any- 
thing specially unfavorable?" 
"Oh, no." 
THE BEMOVAL. 
"I understand that it has been definitely decided 
to attempt the removal at six o'ciock to-morrow 
morning. Is that correct?" 
"Yes; that is the hour, and I think there is no 
doubt but that the attempt will be successful." 
"Do you think the President will mend rapidly in 
the new quarters?" 
"I ao. It will undoubtelly be very beneficial to 
him." 
"Are the arrangements all complete?" 
"Nearly so. If not they will be this evening. I 
presume the track has already been laid from Elbe- 
ron to the main track. You know it is the intention 
to run the car right up to the cottage door." 
"Will all the surgeons accompany the President 
including Dr. Agnew?" 
"Yes, I insisted that all should go." 
"Will you take all the attendants and nurses with 
you?" 
"Yes, I think so; it is not desirable to make any 
changes. I hope, however, that before long we will 
be warranted by the President's condition in de- 
creasing the corps of attendants somewhat." 
BULLETINS EN ROUTE. 
"How about bulletins while en route ?" 
"It is the intention, I believe, to throw off bulletins 
from time to time." 
"On the whole. Doctor, I suppose I cin state that 
you consider the President considerably better to- 
day?" 
"Certainly." 
••Has he manifested any interest in his re- 
moval?" 
"Oh, yes. He has been very anxious to ascertain 
all the details. For instance, he asked me how wo 
were going to move him from the house, and so 
on." 
"Is he pleased with the idea of leaving?** 
"My, yes! He is very glad of it." 
PREPARATION 8 AT ELBERON. 
francklyn's cottage and the temporary 
BAIL TO ITS DOOB-A PALACE BY THE SEA- 
SIDE-EVERYBODY NBA It LONG BRANCH AS- 
SISTING IN MAKING THE END OF THE PRESI- 
DENT'S JOURNEY EASY. 
Elberon was the scene of remarkable activity 
last night. Three hundred picked workingmen 
were sent down from Easton by the Central 
Railway Company of New Jersey in the af- 
ternoon. They began work at four o'clock 
under the direction of Superintendent W. W. 
Stearns, of Elizabeth. The surveyors laid out the 
route of the ti*ack from the upper switch on the 
main line, extending east along Lincoln avenue to 
the hotel grounds, where the ties were laid on the 
turf beside the southern drive about one hundred 
yards south of the hotel. The track ends at Mr. 
Francklyn's cottage, which is situated about two 
hundred feet southeast of the hotel. The sea dashes 
against the cliff or bluff only forty paces away, and a 
more picturesque and charming retreat for the sick 
President cannot be found on thecoast. The rails were 
laid to the very door of the cottage on the side toward 
the ocean, and a platform was built over the door- 
step, so that the Presidential coach may be borne 
from the car into the cottage without disturbing the 
sufferer. 
Attorney General MacVeagL arrived at five o'clock 
with his family and at once took possession 
of the cottage nearest to the hotel, a 
few yards to the northwest, between the 
Hotel and the beach and very near the Francklyn 
cottage, where the patient is to rest. General Mac- 
Veagh said to a Herald reporter last evening that in 
the proposed removal of the President lay the only 
hope of saving hi^Btfe. In Washington City he was 
gradually and surely sinking, and the Gen- 
eral hoped for a great improvement in the pa- 
tient's condition at Elberon, by the seaside. 
The General added that he was highly pleased with 
the arrangements that had been made by Mr. Jones, 
the manager of the Elberon Hotel. Everything was 
in perfect order throughout the house, and the only 
change in the arrangements necessary to be made 
was the widening of an interior door opening to the 
chamber room assigned to the President. This 
would be required to admit the couch on which the 
sufferer is to be transported. 
THE SUFFERER'S SEASIDE HOME. 
The cottage that Mr. Francklyn has placed at the 
disposal of General Garfield's household is inter- 
nally one of the most luxurious of any of those 
around the hotel. Mr. Francklyn, who. was formerly 
the American manager of the Cunard line of steam- 
ships, Is a nephew of the Cunards. He first lived in 
the cottage which is now the southern wing of the 
hotel, which also he owns. Some weeks ago, when 
it was proposed to take the President to Long 
Branch, Mr. Francklyn offered the use of bis cot- 
tage, but not for rent. Ho would neither receive 
money for it nor would he allow the public to enter 
it. Having given these directions Mr. Francklyn 
departed for the West, where he now is. 
An immense number of applicants have besieged 
Colonel Jones for the past two days tor the privi- 
lego of visiting the cottage, but he has been inex- 
oruije. After the President's party takes charge 
of the cottage the Colonel will be free 
from all responsibility and those may enter 
who can obtain admission. The cottage is 
built in the Queen Anne style, and seen 
from the outside is not specially noteworthy; but 
the interior is commodious and most inviting. The 
decorations are rich and antique, and all that money 
might add to its elegance has been added with an 
artistic and lavish hand. The walls and ceilings 
are inlaid with cork, which not only gives 
a singular beauty to the apartments but keeps out 
the damp vapors of the sea and absorbs the malaria 
of the land. Consequently it is believed that no 
house could be better suited to the peculiar require- 
ments of the President's case than this one which 
Mr. Francklyn has so generously placed at Mrs?Gar- 
field's disposal. 
THE PRESIDENT'S ROOM. 
The room in which the President is to rest is in 
the upper story in the southeast corner of the cot- 
tage. It is well protected from any northeast wind 
that may blow by a projection that rises from the 
ground to the extreme top of the cottage. The 
entrance through which the patient will be 
carried iu looks out on the ocean. The 
view from the chamber window, which 
is soon to become historic, was most charming at 
sunset last evening, the white breakers coaming on 
the beach north and south as far as the eye could 
reach. The roar of the sea, the cool, de- 
lightful breezes that swept in from the 
briny expanse, the delicate dew of the 
verdure on the lawns, and the absence of the 
noise of traffit^recalled the words of a general who 
said tnc other day that the air of Long Branch would 
cure the most hopeless case if fate did not conspire 
against it. 
General MacVoagh received a cheering - despatch 
from the White House last evening, and he said that 
all things seemed to favor the hazardous undertak- 
ing of removing a person so near death's door. 
It was reported yesterday afternoon that the car 
containing the President would be pushed up from 
as the the station by the experienced workmen of the rail- ) 
way company, but Superintendent Stearns said 
later that he found the ground in such 
fine condition and the track so well laid 
that there could be not the least danger in 
running the car up with a locomotive. He ex- 
pected to have the track entirely completed by sun- 
rise. His men made embankments, cut away knolls 
and graded the track with wonderful rapidity, and 
in the course of a few hours nearly three-quarters 
of a mile of road was graded aiA the ties wore laid 
down. 
VOLUNTEER TEAMSTERS AND HELPERS. 
The iron and ties were delivered before four 
o'clock at very short notice, and word was at once 
sent out for volunteer teamsters. With hardly any 
exception there was an instant response, and long 
before dinner time thirty or forty wagons with 
Long Branch teamsters were hoisting iron and ties. 
Boarding house men left their guests to take care 
of themselves, and farmers did not stop to feed 
their horses, but quietly joined the members of the 
Presidential bee. 
The Secretary of State of New Jersey said last 
evening that he had never known an event, national 
or otherwise, that excited such profound and uni- 
versal sympathy. The people are glad to give their 
workmen, their property, their houses or their 
personal services to aid in the President's recovery. 
NEW RUSH Ip THE SEASIDE. 
Many New Yorkers went down to Elberon in the 
boats last evening and in the trains, and the hotels 
which had begvn to thin out, wore all full again. 
The prospect is that there will be a continued rush 
of legitimate visitors and sightseers during the 
President's sojourn at Elberon. Letters and tele- 
grams received yesterday show that many who had 
just gone home now regret that they did not stay 
a few weeks longer. The hot weather and the re- 
moval of the President, with the presence of dis- 
tinguish^i persons from all parte of the country, 
will make the society people again pine tor the sea- 
shore. it was difficult to get rooms at the hotels 
last night. The telegraph wires were loaded down 
with despatches, but General Eckert was at Elberon, 
and he says that greatly increased facilities will be 
offered to-day, as thirty-eight wires will be put in 
circuit at the West End Hotel. 
It is considered a remarkable fact that tho weather, 
which had been cloudy for weeks, and the sky,which 
had been obscured by smoko and haze, should clear 
up just at this important time. Last evening the 
moon ihone in splendor and the scene where the 
workmen were laying the track is one that will long 
be remembered. Hundreds of costly equipages 
flashed in the moonlight, finding their way among 
dusty farmers' wagons that were hauling iron and 
ties. Hundreds of ladies in drawing room silks 
mingled with the bronzed faced workmen who were 
pushing to completion their labor of love. So- 
ciety belles and all the interesting represen- 
tatives of fashion and wealth at the great 
watering place looked with admiration on the 
horny-handed men who were shovelling earth for 
the benefit of tho nation, and for once, if never 
before, capital and labor agreed. For once the 
millionnaire and the day laborer shook hands across 
the bondholders' railway tracks. 
THE CABINET GOING TO LONG BRANCH. 
General Grant manifested the deepest interest in 
the success of the removal of the President, and had 
strong hopes of his ultimate recovery. 
The first vice president of the New Jersey Central 
Bailway arrived at Elberon at nine o'clock to 
see that nothing might be wanting in the rail- 
way arrangements. Ex-Senator Baudolph's son was 
one of the engineers in charge, and it is said that the 
best workmen and the most skilful mechanics in the 
State were employed In building this road. Most of 
the ties were laid at nine o'clock, and the ringing 
clash, clash, of the steel rails, the earnest 
blows of the spike brigade, the silvery voices 
of the lady visitors, the hum of carriage wheels, the 
glare of 1,000 lanterns and signal fights, the voices 
of the engineers giving directions of command-all 
these evidences of activity, with the roar of the 
ocean, made the night memorable. 
It is said that General Hancock will send a de- 
tachment of soldiers to be posted around the cot- 
tage as a guard of honor. The President is expected 
at Elberon this morning at eleven o'clock. 
Secretaries Blaine, Windom, Hunt, Kirkwood and 
Lincoln and Postmaster General James have en- 
gaged rooms at the West End Hotel, at Long Branch. 
They will take the train from Washington at thirty- 
five minutes past ten o'clock this morning. Four 
of the party. Secretary Hunt, who signs the de- 
spatch, says, will be accompanied by their wives. 
FOG AT MIDNIGHT. 
At midnight a fog sealed down over the landscape 
at Elberon, and the cottage which the President is 
to occupy was barely visible at a distance of 200 feet. 
The lights that illuminate all the windows could 
hardly penetrate the gloom, and the prospect was 
that the radway builders 4111 not get much bene- 
fit from what had been considered a providential 
moon. The ringing blows of the spike drivers were 
heard all around the cottages and the workmen had 
nearly completed their task. They were at mid- j 
night laying the rails at the very door of the Franck- 
lyn cottage, and expected to finish the road by day- 
break. ' 1 
The following despatch was received by General 
MacVeagh from General Hancock: - 
Oovernob's Island, Sept. 5, 1881. 
Hon. Wayne MacVeagh, Attorney General, Elberon, 
N.J.:- 
Assistant Inspector General Major Itichard Arnold 
leaves here this evening to report to yon at Long 
Branch in connection with encampment of the 
troops ordered there. He will be availa- 
ble in matters of the encampment of 
the troops, and will present to you their 
com niander. Captain James M. Ingalls, First artillery, 
of which regiment the troops are composed. He 
should remain there sufficiently long to see that 
everything is provided for the service of the troops 
in their encampment which you may deem neces- 
sary for the occasion. 
W. S. HANCOCK, Major General. 
Condition of the President. 
No change of any importance, one way nr 
the other, took place in the President's con- 
dition yesterday. Drs. Boynton and Bliss 
expressed their belief, however, that in 
many respects he was decidedly better than 
on Sunday, or, in fact, than on any day 
during the past gloomy week. The coun- 
try will hope that their opinion has a 
solid, substantial basis of fact. It will 
be seen from our despatches that it has at 
last been determined to make the removal 
to Long Branch, and if no change is made 
in the arrangements the President will 
probably be in the pure atmosphere of the 
famous watering place at an early hour 
to-day. Every precaution that could be 
thought of has been taken to insure his 
safety and comfort and make the journey 
as easy as poss.ble. NEW YORK HERALD 
is abating. His surgeons regard his symptoms as 
the necessary results of the journey, and expect a 
favorable change on this air within the next two 
days. His fever is in part attributed to the excite- 
,ment he felt at the prospect of coming. He 
earnestly desired to leave the White House, and his 
weary eyes welcome the sight of the sea. The de- 
velopments of the next sixty hours are awaited with 
solicitude. "BLAINE, Secretary." 
LEAVING THE WHITE HOUSE. 
[by telegraph to the herald. ]. 
Washington, Sept. 6,1831. 
Shortly after midnight the crowd began to gather 
about the gates leading from the Executive grounds, 
and by daybreak two hundred persons patiently 
awaited the signal of the approaching Presidential 
party. The first arrival at the White House this morn- 
ing was the baker noy, who came earlier than usual 
that the travellers might take an early breakfast. The 
steward's wagon closely followed, with a supply of 
fresh meets, fish, &c. It was then about four 
o'clock. Half an hour later the house was lighted 
throughout, and all were busy making preparations 
for speedy withdrawal. At five o'clock the attaches 
of the house who had slept elsewhere during the 
night began to arrive. The express wagon 
designed for the conveyance of the Presi- 
dent to the depot was backed up to the steps 
in readiness for the reception of its precious 
। burden. Miscellaneous articles of luggage which 
had been left over were hurriedly thrown into a fur- 
niture wagon and carried to the depot. Colonel 
Rockwell and Private Secretary Brown were indus- 
triously superintending the details. At half-past 
five the word was passed to the attending physicians 
that the arrangements had been completed and the 
removal of the President was awaited. A few 
moments thereafter the patient was carefully 
carried from the room which had been 
the scene of so much suffering and 
anxiety. Prior to his removal he was transferred 
from the bed occupied hitherto to a stretcher and 
was slowly carried through the hallway to the 
private staircase and thence to the floor below. 
When he had reached the lower story or main floor 
a delightful fragrance permeated the atmosphere, 
caused by the door leading to the conservatory being 
thrown open previous to the removal. The President 
was brought down feet foremost, and the stretcher 
was carried by Drs. Bliss, Boynton and Reyburn, 
General Swaim, Colonel Rockwell, Colonel Corbin and 
Messrs. C. O. Rockwell and Warren Young. The 
President was allowed to rest in the cei?tre of the 
grand corridor for a few moments, when he was 
again transferred, this time upon a black walnut 
litter, fitted with eight white pine handles swung 
upon hinges to facilitate passage through narrow 
doorways. The work of removing the President 
from one rest to another was a very del- 
icate task. The least clumsiness on the part 
of the attendants would have been exceedingly 
aggravating. Every movement was watched closely 
by Dr. Bliss, and his words of "Gently." "Gently," 
"All together," seemed to convey a magnetism that 
inspired both patient and attendants. 
The President was then carried into the main hall, 
opposite the principal entrance. Here his position 
was reversed, his head being turned toward the 
doorway. The attaches of the house had congre- 
gated at this point in order to obtain a favorable 
view of the President. As he passed them he turned 
his head in that direction and gave two farewell 
waves of the hand. He smiled peacefully and to all 
appearances seemed perfectly resigned. 
THE PATIENT'S APPEARANCE. 
Your correspondent was in a position to get an 
excellent view of the nation's patient. He looked 
careworn and feeble, and there was the usual sickly 
pallor of countenance, but he did not show that 
emaciation and cadaverous appearance that one 
would naturally expect to see in a man who had 
gone through the terrible ordeal that has fallen 
to his lot for the past nine weeks. His 
eyes were open and clear, no sunken eyes 
and cheeks were visible, but a remarkably natural 
look clung to his complacent demeanor. He bore 
no resemblance to a man on the verge of the grave, 
but appeared to possess considerable life. Those 
who were fortunate enough to get a glimpse of him 
were agreeably disappointed, and his actions spoke 
louder than a hundred favorable bulletins. He was 
interested in all that was going on about him and 
was evidently free from pain. 
"He does not look so bad," said one. 
"He is worth a hundred dead men," said another. 
A very prominent official said enthusiastically 
within my hearing, "I have thought all along that 
he would not survive this illness, but now that I see 
him I am confident that he will squeeze through all 
right." 
An irregular growth of hair and beard gives him a 
slightly weird appearance. 
LIFTED INTO THE WAGON. 
When the plateau fronting the White House was 
reached several policemen volunteered their ser- 
vices in lifting the litter into the wagon, 
which was accomplished without the merest incon- 
venience. It was placed upon the spring platform 
elevating the prostrate form of the President about 
eighteen inches above the sides or the wagon, which 
afforded a very fair view of the patient from all 
sides. Doctors Bliss and Reyburn and Colonels i 
Rockwell and Corbin, stood on the left, while Dr. 
Boynton, General Swaim, C. O. Rockwell and War- 
ren Young had positions on the right. At the foot ' 
of the litter was Dan Spriggins, the faithful colored 
servant of the President, who had a number of towels 
thrown over his shoulder. The patient had no cov- 
ering over him save an ordinary sheet and blanket. 
Indeed, this seemed almost too much, for the morn- 
ing was oppressively hot and not a breath of air was 
stirring. Over his forehead was a damp strip of 
linen. Colonel Rockwell fanned him with a large 
palm leaf. lu this condition the vehicle slowly 
; moved toward the depot. 
THE DEPARTURE. 
Just prior to the movement of the solemn proces- 
sion Mrs. Garfield stepped .into her carriage. Her 
eyes were glassy and tears rolled down her pale 
cheeks. A great advantage in the patient's favor was 
the fact that no glare was radiated from the 
sun, it being obscured by a dense haze. All 
being in readiness the start was made at twenty 
minutes before six. The President's pri- 
vate carriage. containing Mrs. Garfield, 
Mrs. Rockwell, Mrs. Dr. Edson, Miss Mollie Garfield 
and Miss P.ockwell, preceded the vehicle bearing the 
President. The carriage containing the three domes- 
tics was the next to start, and as it passed the convey- 
ance drawing the President he turned his head 
and waved his hand. Private Secretary Brown kept 
his carriage a short distance in advance of the ex- 
press wagon. The carriage of Steward Crump 
brought up the rear. Lieutenant Guy, of the Dis- 
trict police, walked immediately in front of the two 
horses drawing the Presidential litter. A detach- 
ment of policemen formed the body guard. 
SYMPATHY OF THE PEOPLE. 
As the procession left the Executive grounds and 
turned into Pennsylvania avenue men. boys and 
women mounted the railings and every elevated 
point, eager to catch a glimpse of the sufferer, and 
followed along the route until the depot was 
reached. The assemblage, although small consider- 
ing tue occasion, moved down the pavement not 
heeding where they were going, for every eye was 
riveted ;upon the President. Orders had been 
issued at twelve o'clock last night that 
the police force should guard the avenue 
from Seventeenth to Sixth street and prevent the 
movement of all vehicles and horse cars. Detach- 
ments of officers were placed at every corner be- 
tween the White House and the depot, and the very 
best of order was maintained. There was no cheer- 
ing or noise of any kind. At points where street 
railroad tracks crossed the avenue they were cov- 
ered with sawdust in order to avoid the jolting of 
the patient. The President, although lying upon 
his back, moved his head now and then to glance at 
the crowds that lined the sidewalks, which increased 
in numbers as the depot was neared. 
ARRIVAL AT THE DEPOT. 
The President arrived at the depot at ten minutes 
I after six o'clock, the ride having occupied twenty 
minutes. Drs. Agnew, Woodward and Barnes were 
at the door of the President's car ready to receive 
him. The assemblage was very large in the locality 
of tne Presidential train, but was easily controlled. 
Before attempting to transfer the President from the j 
wagon to the car the horses were detached and the 
vehicle was backed up to the door of the car by a 
number of policemen and sojdiers. The transfer 
was somewhat tedious, but not attended with any 
annoyance to the patient, for the street had previ- : 
ously been covered with sawdust. 
THE START. 
The President was placed in the car at fifteen 
minutes past six. A few moments thereafter Mr. 
Page, the engineer, was signalled to make the start, 
and thejtrain moved off without a jerk or disturb- 
ance. To use the expression of a bystander, "It 
silently rolled away." Alter having proceeded 
about 200 feet the train was stepped to allow a train 
to switch off on a side track. At half-past six o'clock 
the journey was entered upon in earnest 
and the train moved out as stealthily as though 
it were moving on rubber rails. No demonstration 
of a loud character was indulged in. 
"Godspeed!" "God bless him!" "May be return 
in health!" "I hope this is not the last we will see 
of him!" were the expressions heard on every hand. 
Some were not satisfied at seeing the President 
placed safely In the car, but ran alongside the train 
I until the speed proved too much for them. 
। A majority of those who gathered to see 
the train off remained motionless watch- 
ing the locomotive until it was lost 
to sight. They did not seem to realize fully that the 
object of their anxiety was every minute moving 
further away, and while they hoped for the best 
there was manifestly a lingering doubt of the future. 
Finally the crowd reluctantly dispersed. Porches 
I and balconies were deserted and heads were drawn 
I from windows that afforded a glimpse of the pathetic 
scene. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 1881. 
The safe removal of President Garfield 
from the White House to a commodious 
cottage at Long Branch, on our New 
Jersey coast, has relieved a great public 
anxiety. Dawn of the sixty-sixth day since 
the President received his wound found 
the worn sufferer after a restless night 
anxious for the journey. At six o'clock 
the attending surgeons and volunteer 
nurses bore him in a litter to a wagon 
on which he was carefully drawn amid 
throngs of silent, sympathizing onlookers. 
The litter was quickly removed to the train, 
which steamed out of Washington at twenty 
minutes past six A. M., and, without mis- 
hap or jar and with but three stop- 
pages, reached Francklyn cottage, Elberon, 
at ten minutes past one P. M., making the 
distance of nearly two hundred and forty 
miles in ten minutes less than seven hours. 
The sufferer bore the journey well, was 
cheerful and hopeful. On removal to 
the room he now occupies his con- 
dition was almost as good as on leaving 
Washington, but a reaction from the excite- 
ment of the journey soon after resulted in a 
pulse of 124 with a temperature of 101.6. 
Best, under the vitalizing influences 
of the pfare sea air, was trusted to rec- 
tify this unfavorable but not unlooked for 
state of the patient. Along the entire route 
from Washington thousands watched in 
silence for a glimpse of the sufferer. The 
prayers of the people went up for him 
throughout the day from every Slate of the 
Union. 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. G, 1881-6:30 P. M. 
Since the last bulletin was issued the President has 
been removed from Washington to Long Branch. 
He was more restless than usual last night, being 
evidently somewhat excited by anticipations of tne 
journey. This morning at half-past five o'clock his 
pulse was 118; temperature, 99.8; respiration, 18. We 
left Washington with the President at halt-past six 
A. M. Owing to the admirable arrangements made 
by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and to 'the 
ingeniously arranged bed designed by Mr. T. N. 
Ely, the fatigue incident to the transportation was 
reduced to a minimum. Nevertheless, as was antici- 
pated, some signs of the disturbance produced by 
the journey have been exhibited since his arrival 
by rise of temperature and increased frequency of 
pulse. At present his pulse is 124; temperature 
101.6; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLISS, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, D. HAYES AGNEW, 
J. J. WOODWARD, FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
SECRETARY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 6, 1881. 
Mr. Blaine sentlthe following despatch to-night to 
Mr. Morton, Minister at Paris, and to Mr. Lowell 
Minister at London:- 
Long Branch, Sept. 6, 1881. 
"The President left Washington at half.past six 
this morning and reached Long Branch at twenty 
minutes past one P. M. He seemed to bear the 
journey well, though the beat was very oppressive. 
After his arrival he was for several hours restless' 
He showed signs of great fatigue, and com^ 
plained that his buck had a bruised feel- 
iug. His pulse rose to 124 and his tem- 
perature to 101 6-10. At this hour, half.past 
ten P. M„ he is sleeping," and his fever THE JOURNEY TO JONG BRANCH. j 
[BY telegraph to the herald. I 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 6, 1881. 
The President has reached Long Branch in safety. 
It was a daring experiment to lift so sick a man and 
bear him such a journey, but it was necessary and 
was successful. The train that bore him was man- 
aged admirably. There was no failure in qny par- , 
ticular of the management, no serious delay, and, 
taken all in all, the journey was a magnificent suc- 
cess. And the President bore up under it 
[ nobly. It would be folly to say that he 
| was in reality better when he arrived than 
I when he started. All reason is opposed 
to such a conclusion, and the statement that is cur- 
' rent here to that effect is absolutely without founda- 
। tion. Nevertheless heis much better than any one had 
[ reason to snnoose he could be after such a frightful 
ordeal as he has undergone. True, he is still nerved up 
with the excitement of the trip. Indeed, ever since 
Saturday, when it was decided that he should go, he 
has lived upon the expectation, and in the realiza 
tion it was natural enough that his excitement 
should continue. Just as soon as he awoke in the 
morning he was ready to go. It was then a little 
after five o'clock. 
THE DEPABTURE. 
The train left at precisely twenty minutes 
past six o'clock. Pulling out through Sixth 
street it moved slowly; turning to the east- 
ward it passed the tunnels at an increased 
rate of speed, and Navy Yard, station was passed in 
just five minutes, the distance being two miles. Up 
to that time the President had not spoken since he 
lett the White House. Dr. Agnew stood near his 
bed. Dr. Bliss sat in a chair alongside 
of him. Surgeons Barnes and Woodward 
and Dr. Keyburn sat in t.ie compartment not 
far away, while Dr. Boynton, Mrs. Dr. Edson 
and Private Secretary Brown occupied the front part 
) of the car. General Swaim. Colonel Rneirweii and 
i Colonel Corbin sat in the car with Mrs. Garfield. 
' The first twenty minutes were those of deep anxiety 
! Before they had elapsed the train was speeding 
| along over the log covered meadows east of the 
i c ipital and at twenty minutes of seven dashed by j 
| the little station at Wilson's, distance just nine 
! miles. 
THE PRESIDENT'S CONDITION. 
At that time the President's pulse, which had been 
recorded at 114 an hour before, was beating away 
with great speed and lie was in a high state of ex- 
citement. He turned bis head from side to side and 
looked out of the windows eagerly. Einally he 
said: - 
•'I never thought this barren region could, look so 
lovely.'' 
At ten minutes past seven Bowie, seventeen miles 
out, was passed. By that time the pulse had begun 
to subside aud the deep anxiety of the first moments 
of the journey was much allayed. At forty-eight 
minutes past seven the pilot engine preceding the 
President's train dashed through the Baltimore tun- 
nels. As soon as it came the movement of all en- 
gines was stopped. Ten minutes later the President's 
train came slowly along aud passed without stop- 
ping. 
THROUGH THE TUNNELS. 
Of all the points of the journey the passage 
of the long, dark tunnels had been regarded with 
most apprehension. Just before the train came to 
them Dr. Agnew said to the President;- 
"You remember the long tunnels? We will soon 
pass through them; you have been through them 
often?" 
"Oh, yes, often," was the reply, "and I can't get 
through too quick this time," was the half humor, 
ous addition. He was not, however, the least shaken 
by the rattle and roar, and Dr. Bliss, who held 
his pulse as they passed, said it did not 
fluctuate at all. The train ran through these tun- 
nels at a rate of speed below twenty miles au hour. 
It was after eight o'clock when it emerged from tne 
northern end and swept around the curve that 
leads to the junction with the Philadelphia, Wil- 
mington and Baltimore division of the Pennsylvania 
Railroad. Then it slacked up a little, and just at 
the junction stopped. A machinist began to sound 
the wheels, striking them with a hammer and 
making a terrible noise. Dr. Boynton leaned out of 
the car window and signalled for silence, and at the 
same moment Division Superintandent Kenny ran 
along the train to administer a reprimand. A local 
train, bound north, pulled up on the track from the 
President street station. Just at that time its pas- 
sengers got out, but, standing at a respectful dis- 
tance, the men with their heads uncovered, gazed at 
the train. 
DOING SPLENDIDLY-DRESSING THE WOUND. 
At this moment your correspondent came from 
the rear end to the car on which the patient was 
resting. Looking in through the side door, I saw 
Dr. Bliss leaning over the patient. Dr. Barnes busily 
engaged in cutting court plaster and Dr. Agnew 
with his hands on the President's body. Colonel 
Corbin was near the door, and came forward to 
speak to me. "Well," he began, "we are doing 
splendidly. The President is getting on beyond the 
most hopeful expectations. His pulse Is now 106 
aud his temperature is 99.9, with the respiration 18." 
"What has he said?" I asked. 
"He has said,'Let us travel faster;* that he did 
not mind the jolting in the least, and soon we are 
going to travel faster." 
Dr. Boynton was standing in the car and came 
forward just then. "Well, Doctor," I asked, "how 
fares it with the distinguished patient?" 
"Better than we hoped," was the reply. 
"Has he slept any?" 
"Not he. He is as wakeful as he can be. Just 
like a boy taking his first ride on a train. He seems 
to enjoy the ride or the novelty. He is much pleased 
with the change; he was so tired of his old quar- 
ters that he would welcome anything different from 
what he has had as a delightful relief." 
"No bad symptoms of any kind?" 
"No, not one." 
"No new developments in his case?" 
"Nothing. His wound, as you can see by craning 
your head a little, is being dressed just now. Every- - 
thing is going on splendidly." 
Dr. Bliss came along just at this moment, and, 
nodding cheerily said:-"I have nothing except the 
most hopeful words to say. We are getting on 
really far beyond our expectation." 
The delay caused by dressing the wound was 
about twelve minutes. 
RAPID TRAVELLING. 
Before th® signal was given to start Engineer Page 
was leaning far out from the window of his cab and 
watching for it. Finally Superintendent Kenny 
held up his hand and waved it in a way that Page 
readily understood, for he disappeared within his ■ 
little box, and with an almost imperceptible motion 
we were under way, and every instant gathered 
speed until the train was flying over the smooth 
and well ballasted road. There was scarcely any 
sign of swaying motion and absolutely no jolting. 
There was a sense of speed, but the velocity could 
only be observed by looking out on the fields that 
seemed to tiy toward us only to afford one glimpse 
as they slipped by and out of sight. Sometimes 
the wheels would strike a switch and then would be 
heard one sharp click loud but echoless. The train 
moved so fast that there could be no sound and the 
shock could not be felt. 
AN EXHILARATING RIDE. 
The road from Bay View is almost leveL The 
estuaries called the Gunpowder, Black and Bush 
rivers have no land ridge between them, and over 
the bridges by which they are spanned and the 
meadows that separate them, the train, with its 
precious burden, sped over a gradeless road. Every 
minute gave it added velocity. From Bay View to 
Chase's is a distance of twelve miles and a quarter. 
"Made it in fourteen minutes," said Superintendent 
Kenny. "That engine is a splendid one," he added 
admiringly. Through Slemmer's Run, Chase's, Mag- 
nolia, Edgewood, Bush River, Perry man sville, Aber- 
deen and Havre de Grace the train flew. 
"Let it go as fast as it can," said the President, as 
he gazed through the window. "Speed on," he con- 
tinued, with enthusiasm. "It's a whiff of the salt 
air of to-day we want to catch." 
The doctors saw that he was getting excited, so 
they counselled him to go to sleep. At intervals some 
one came forward to Mrs. Garfield's car and carried , 
back to her the news relating to the President's 
condition. All of it was encouraging. 
A STOP AT PERRWILLB, 
Going slowly across the bridge over the Susque- 
hanna the train drew up at Perryville on the east 
bank of the stream. There the engine took water. 
The engineer got out and felt the bearings of 
his splendid machine and oiled tbe places of fric- 
tion. "Isn't she doing well?" ne said with a proper 
pride. The trainmen examined the journals and 
found they were getting hot. Already one had begun 
to smoke and the smell thereof was, as everybody 
knows who has inhaled the odor of grease and 
soaked rags afire, something horrible. The doctors 
sent out something to kill th&smcll. It was used 
with instantaneously good results. 
"I'll buy some of that for the use you make of it,*» 
said the superintendent of the road. 
"It will cost you $100 an ounce," was the reply. 
The delay at Perryville was only six minutes, then 
the train was off again; From the river the road 
rises to Elkton, the summit of the ridge between 
the Delaware and Chesapeake bays. The train sped 
along at as high a rate of speed, however, going a mile 
in a minute and a half up the grades. No stop was 
made at Wilmington. There was quite a crowd 
there, however, and they stood uncovered as the 
train glided by. The President, on his 
high bed, could look out at them, and 
his interest was so intense that he 
showed signs of excitement. His pulse ran up to 
120. So they drew the curtains on him, but he pro- 
tested and said he wanted to see the people. 
qualmish feeling. x 
Presently ne complained of a qualmish feeling in 
his stomach. Of all things else, boding as it did a 
recurrence of the vomiting so disastrous before,* 
this was a thing to be dreaded. Stimulants were 
administered as an enema, and while the train made 
the fastest spurt, fourteen miles in four- 
teen minutes over the straight level road 
that skirts the Delaware from Wilmington 
to Lamokin, he slept. At the latter place 
the train stopped again, this time for coal. It was 
delayed seven minutes. The journals had begun to 
smoke again by this time and a few buckets of vater : 
were poured on them in hopes that if partially 
cooled they would scon wear smooth and stay cool. 
But at Gray's J'erry, two miles south of the West 
Philadelphia depot of the Pennsylvania Railroad, 
they were so hot that the train stopped ten minutes. 
The boxes were cleaned out, cooled, and repacked 
with fresh oil and waste. This require I ten 
minutes. Then the train went on again, 
moving through West Philadelphia at a slow 
rate of speed and not going into the depot, of course, 
but straight out past Mantua on to the Jersey divi- 
sion of the Pennsylvania Railroad. One hundred 
and forty-one miles had been covered in four hours 
and twenty-two minutes, of which time thirty-three 
minutes were speul^in stoppages. 
MRS. GARFIELD IN THE PRESIDENT'S CAR. 
When Philadelphia was passed Mrs. Garfield came 
into the car. The President was lying in a half doze, 
but ho seemed to recognize her presence, and, open- 
ing his eyes, said: - 
"Well, Crete, this is a great ride.'* 
•'Are yon weary?" she asked. 
"Not a bit," ho said, but the failing weak voice 
gave the pathetic contradiction to his words. Then 
he lay quiet for a while and hardly spoke again 
until the train was at the end of its long and won- 
derful journey. 
A GLANCE AT OLD OCEAN. 
When he was placed on a bed he turned his head 
aside so that he could look over the ocean. A few 
schooners were standing in toward shore, with a 
light breeze blowing that just rippled the water. 
The pure saline air floated in through the wide 
open window. It seemed to give him new strength. 
He drew a long breath, a sigh of satisfaction, as it 
were, and said: - 
"Thank God, it is good to ba here." 
It was some time before he could be induced to 
try to sleep. When they spoke about his going to 
rest he said:- 
•'Oh, I like to look at the sea." 
But he was very feeble, nevertheless, and weari- 
ness claimed him, closing the eyes that looked so 
lovingly on the broad waters of the ocean, and he 
slept. But not long; he was too much exhausted, 
and when he was ready to have the wound dressed 
his pulse had reached 124; the temperature was 
101.6 and the respiration 13. 
EFFECTS OF THE JOURNEY. 
"Then the journey has not been as successful aa 
you had hoped?" said a correspondent to Dr. Bliss. 
"Well, this is doubtless due to the fatigue inci- 
dent to the journey," was the reply. "I do not ex- 
pect," he continued, as he twirled the half smoked 
cigar he ordinarily carries in his fingers, "that wa 
can give any better bulletin for a day or two, per- 
haps even longer." 
"Have you any apprehension that the fatigue may 
not pass away? In other words, are the favorable 
surroundings here likely to prove inadequate to 
lift him from his exhaustion?" 
"I think he will regain any strength that he may 
have lost. There is nothing in his condition to ex- 
cite any new apprehensions." 
ARRIVAL OF MEMBERS OF THE CABINET. 
To-night all the members of the Cabinet arrived, 
coming in a special car attached to the limited ex- 
press. They are all quartered at the West End Cot- 
tage. The Elberon is crowded with people, 
and nearly all the hotels are full. Curiosity 
directs the steps of the throng toward 
the cottage where the President is billeted. They 
do not get near it, but they gaze morbidly and sor- 
rowfully at it. A guard of soldiers are on duty on 
the lawn. The Cabinet Ministers all paid their 
respects to Mrs. Garfield to-day. Mrs. James, Mrs, 
Windom and Mrs. Blaine also called. 
Baltimore, 8:05 A. M. 
Dr. J. H. Baxter, U. S. A., Surgeon General's office, 
Washington, D. O.:- 
Pulse on leaving Washington, 114; now, 106. Has 
slept well; doing splendidly. P. A. BOYNTON. 
To Mrs. Eliza A. Garfield, Garrettsville, Ohio:- 
All goes well up to this hour. President standing 
the journey splendidly. .1. STANLEY BROWN. 
Hon. Wayne McVeagh, Elberon, N. J.:- 
All goes well up to this hour. At this rate of 
speed will reach Elberon between one and two 
o'clock. Pulse, 136. Arrangements most complete; 
discomforts of travel reduced to a minimum. 
J. STANLEY BROWN. 
On Presidential Train, 1 
Near West Philadelphia. J 
The President feels Better than when he starte 
and does not complain of exhaustion, nor does 1 
complain of the jar or the motion of the cars. T1 
change of air is already acting as a stimulus. I 
has slept some, is perfectly quiet and free from e 
cifement. He says he feels as well as at any tin 
during the past two weeks. He takes his nouris 
ment regularly. The trip promises a perte 
success. I am confident he will be in better cond 
tion when he arrives at Elberon than when 1 
started. Pulse on leaving Washington, 114 ; nov 
106. S. A. BOYNTON. flower beds. If it were not for the subdued j 
roar of the sea that reaches'the cottage the 1 
place would be in almost absolute quietude. 
The driveway, which divides the culinary , 
and servants' part of the cottage from the south- 1 
em portion of the building, extends through 
the structure, forming an archway, directly 
above and a little to the north of which on the 
second story is the kitchen. The idea of having 
the kitchen in this portion of the cottage is to 
get rid of the odors that would be more an. 
noying if the cooking were done on the floor 
below. Going through the entrance to the 
cottage, just a few feet south of the drive- 
way, a large hall is entered. In this 
hall or vestibule, which is high and broad, there 
are small tables and a fireplace. The entrance 
door to this hall is so fashioned that the upper 
part can be opened while the lower portion re- 
mains closed. It is really in sections. The 
library and parlor to the south open into this 
hall. The dining room and pantry are elevated 
some feet above the vestibule and form two 
very roomy apartments. All around the east 
and south of the building there is a piazza. 
The ball and the dining room are, taken to- 
gether, about fifty feet wide, extending the en- 
tire width of the house. The dining room is 
heavily panelled with hard wood and cork. The 
veranda, which extends around the building, 
faces the sea, directly overlooking the bluff. 
The second floor of the building contains 
three bedrooms, the south one being that occu- 
pied by the President. It is about thirty by 
twenty-five leet, with an arched ceiling. The 
ceiling is about twelve feet high. This is said 
to be the most comfortable room in the bouse, 
and in it the President can receive at all times 
the full benefit of the ozone-bearing breeze from 
the sea. 
There is an uncovered piazza about the room, 
and on the west side are doors leading to the 
bathand dressing rooms. There is a covered 
piazza extending around the building just out- 
side of the dressing room on the south and west. 
One window in the President's room opens di- 
rectly upon the sea, and there are three win- 
dows on the south side. 
The Removal of the President. 
One great anxiety is removed by the 
simple fact that the President is At last 
really out of Washington, housed at the sea- 
side, and, so far as is yet observed, not greatly 
the worse for the journey. As our reports 
fully chronicle he was six hours and fifty 
minutes on the road, since the train started 
at twenty minutes past six A. M. and reached 
Elberon at ten minutes past one P. M. In 
this torrid weather, through a region 
parched by protracted drought, subjected to 
the combined discomforts of dust and heat, 
a railway journey of so many hours is no 
trifle for a person in good health. That it 
was endured with comparatively little dis- 
tress by one so prostrated as the President 
must be attributed to the great skill with 
which all the arrangements were made and 
the forethought that had provided against 
every possible discomfort. 
There is doubtless a chance that this 
change may have a happy influence upon 
the patient. It meets some of the most im- 
portant indications of treatment. It satis- 
fies in some degree the patient's ardent de- 
sire, and thus will quiet a longing that had 
become almost a mental fever, biobody 
can say just how much of the President's 
pathetic wish to be taken to his home at 
Mentor was due to the pictures his imagi- 
nation wrought of other days passed there, 
; or how much arose from a sense of the dis- 
comfort and the impending ^vil that the 
mind perceives instinctively when we are 
helpless in a pestiferous atmosphere ; but 
if it was mainly due to this instinctive 
desire to get away the change was 
all that was necessary, and except that 
Elberon will not fill the dreams that had 
pictured familiar scenes in the Ohio home, 
it is much the better place of the two for 
the present occasion. It can hardly be 
otherwise than that in the fine sea air, 
whose invigorating freshness is rich in all 
the vitilizing elements and free from any 
THE PRESIDENT'S SANITARIUM. 
ATLANTIC OCEAN 
UNCOVERED 
DECK 
BED ROOM 
PIAZZA 
buhersI 
PANtRYe 
parl&R 
ORtveww 
LAVATORY 
3EXYAMSR0OM 
ROOM 
PORCH 
HAU- 
USRLAKY 
PLAN OF FIRST FLOOR OF COTTAGE. 
ATLANTIC OCEAN 
3EO RO-OM 
VN&GVERE3 
DLCK 
LAUNDRY 
kitchen 
PRESIDENTS 
2ED RQDH 
PIAZZA 
SERVANTS 
HALL 
HALL 
DRESSING 
BOOM 
GLOS ETl 
CLOSET 
BATH 
ROOM 
BATH 
BLD ROOM 
PLAN OF SECOND FLOOR OF COTTAGE. 
The President's home by the sea is, if not an 
imposing one, as comfortable a cottage as could 
have been selected. With no pretentious ex- 
terior the ground plan of the structure shows 
that the experience and ingenuity of the archi- 
tects, Messrs. McKim, Mead &\White, of this 
citv, were directed toward furnishing Mr. 
Francklyn with a seaside home as unique in 
arrangement as it is free from the slightest sug- 
o-estiou of discomfort. Although the cottage is 
built in what is known as "the Queen Anne 
style the design shows that strict adherence 
to the peculiarities of architecture in the 
time of that Queen was not observed. The 
owner and. architects appear to have believed 
that the purpose of a summer cottage is to give 
as much comfort as possible. That success has 
attended their efforts in this direction is evi-' 
deuced in the fact that Mr. Frarcklyn's cottage 
was selected as the best possible place for the 
President's use while at Elberon. The exterior 
of the cottage-which is practically within the 
Elberon Hotel grounds, being only about one 
hundred and sixty feetsouthwest of the hotel it- 
self-is very simple, although the snuft colored, 
peaked roofs, the gables and sharply defined 
balconies and piazzas lend an odd, but pictu- 
resque, air to the structure. The cottage is a 
little distance ba'ek from the drive. The sides 
are panelled with overhanging shingles. The 
bright red chimneys are in strong contrast to 
the rather sombre aspect of the lower 
portion of the house. The building is in as 
quiet a part of the Branch as could have been 
selected. It is some distance from Ocean ave- 
nue and is surrounded by well kept lawns and source of contamination, there will be an 
atmosphere that might have been hoped for : 
in vain in almost any other part of the 
country. 
From the first day the emotional side of 
this case has possessed an importance that 
has perhaps scarcely been appreciated. It 
is not true, even though Shakespeare has 
said it, that there is an equality of torture 
between the greatest and littlest creatures; 
but, on the contrary, the nature best en- 
dowed with superior attribute^ is as 
capable in suffering as in its other 
human relations, and to confound the case 
of Mr. Garfield with that of an ordinary 
everyday accident would be the greatest of 
blunders. Some peculiar features of the 
President's injury can be accounted for only 
by consideration of the great emotions ex- 
cited in a man of lofty ambition and sus- 
ceptible nature who considers that his death 
not only determines one human career and 
afflicts one family, but reaches the sympa- 
thies and perhaps affects the national wel- 
fare of forty millions of people. These 
emotions and their effect upon the system 
were what on at least two occasions gave 
the impression to all in the White House 
that death was impending. But if peculiar 
susceptibility to emotional disturbance has 
a gloomy side it has also the pecrdiar advan- 
tage that in natures of this stamp physical 
troubles are often controlled by moral 
causes when apparently beyond the reach 
of all others. Undoubtedly the President's 
continued appeal to be taken out of Wash- 
ington was the result of a conviction that 
otherwise death would be the inevitable 
end; and that conception once frilly formed, 
to disregard the appeal was to inflict a daily 
and hourly new torture which certainly 
told with severity upon the case. On the 
contrary, to yield to it, to carry him away 
from that hot and unhealthy region, was to 
give directly the encouragement and sup- 
port ot which the oppressed mind was so 
greatly in need-it was to cheer and revive 
as if with a new breath of life. 
But for strictly sanitary reasons the change 
must be an advantage. If such a removal 
had to be weighed in a delicate balance on 
the point whether the excitement might not 
do more harm than the change good, any 
surgeon might hesitate to order it; but 
where a case has become so desperate that 
such a step is taken as the only one that in- 
volves any hope-where it is conceded that 
the man cannot live if he is not moved, and 
may if he is-such a delicate consideration 
of probabilities has not to be made. Peo- 
ple scarcely need to be told at this time 
that the air that reaches the White House 
from the Potomac flats is pestilential; and 
though medically it may be doubted 
whe;her ah additional complication is 
greatly to be apprehended in such a case- 
whether the fevers in possession, surgical 
or pyaemic, do not shut out any other-at 
least if a man is to get well he needs the 
best, the'purest and the freshest air that 
can be had. On the cool breezes of the sea 
coast air of the right kind will come into the 
invalid's chamber, and he is at least in *a 
position to get whatever benefit there may 
be in such a boon. 
It may safely be said that no man in this 
country ever before made a journey like 
this. Our great men have been carried iu 
ceremonial pomp from one city to another 
on the way to some final resting place; and 
distinguished soldiers or statesmen, the 
popular favorites, have in their journey- 
ings found whole populations, inspired by 
admiration and curiosity, welcoming them 
on their way. But a stricken man carried 
across the country on a bed of suffering, 
while the whole nation stands in suspense 
to hear the result, is a new sight. In all 
the demonstrations of sympathy that the 
nation has shown for this large-hearted 
man from the first day he was hurt there 
has been many a touching and notable 
spectacle, but nothing to equal what was 
seen yesterday, where the crowds in Wash- 
ington stood bareheaded as the object of so i 
much sympathy was borne by; where the 
country people flocked to points at which 
the train must pass to accord the same 
meed of mute and touching respect, and 
where in every part of the land there was 
no theme touched upon in common conver- 
sation save such as related to this journey 
and the hope men had of it. 
The rise of the pulse to 124 and the tem- 
perature to 101.6 on the first night at Long 
Branch are grave signs, and yet it would 
I have been unreasonable to suppose tha 
such a journey could have been made with- 
out some such effect. If the effect is lim- 
ited to such a development of fever, though 
it may last for a day or more, it will doubt- 
less pass away when the patient has had 
rest, and it is possible that from his first 
good sleep there may be traces of a happy 
amendment. of a horn in a distant cottage, the singing of the' 
crickets and the thunder of the sea against the 
beach. The upper windows of the President's cot- 
tage were brightly illuminated, and at times the 
form of a watcher was seen moving across the floor 
through the casements opening upon the lawns of 
Elberon. The President seemed to slumber much 
of the time, yet he was nervous from the 
excitement of the day. He grea'.ly enjoyed the 
the fresh invigorating air of the sea, and he had but 
to cast his eyes toward the window to behold the 
ocean gleaming in the moonlight as if all the stars 
in heaven had come down to illuminate the restless 
waters. The splendor ot the night, the cool air, 
the odor Irom neighboring gardens, the pacing of 
the sentinels, the waving ot the great flag under the. 
executive's window, the tireless click of a govern- 
ment telegraph instrument-all conspired to 
lend a significance to the scene that could 
not fill to impress the most frivolous mind. 
Notwithstanding the apparent quietude at 
Elberon, there were eyes that did not sleep. Mes- 
senger boys, telegraph operators, swift horses in 
harness and soldiers wideawake and armed, were 
ever ready for word of command to be given-sum- 
moning them to service. It was like a night before 
the battle. All preparation was made for a vital 
struggle with the common enemy, and although 
none could say that no danger was imminent, yet 
no one could predict that the President would be 
alive on the morrow. * 
A HOT MORNING. 
This morning again brought the stifling hot land 
breeze ot the previous day, and when the bugle 
sounded the reveille and the guards were changed the 
heat was like that ot a sultry afternoon in August. 
Sirs. G rfield was early astir, and long before the 
guests of the hotel w. re awake the was superin- 
tending the preparation ot milk porridge for her 
husband. "How is the patient this morning?" was 
the first question put to a messenger who came 
over from the cottage. "Better," was the terse re- 
sponse. "Please send the ladies some breakfast," 
added the messenger, who proceeded to give in- 
structions to the cook concerning the required 
simplicity of the taxa. The physicians take 
their meals during the day in the hotel, and only 
the ladies dine and sup in the Francklyn cottage. 
The devoted wife of the President appeared this 
morning in cheerful spirits, and her face, though 
pale, was beaming with hope. She eats regularly 
and has a good appetite, but she devotes all of her 
time to looking after the wants of the President. 
Mrs. Edson has a large number of friends who thor- 
oughly believe in her, and they say that as much Is 
due to her for the skilful treatment of the Presi- 
dent as to any other member of the medical staff. 
She and Mrs. Garfield agree in regard to the impor- 
tance of simple remedies. 
HOW THE DAY WAS PASSED. 
The day has been singularly lacking of incident 
around the President's quarters. It has been unpre. 
cedentedly hot everywhere. But the news of to-day 
is rather encouraging withal, and while the Presi- 
dent has not gained any ground he is recovering 
from his fatigue. This was as much as the doc- 
tors could expect, and they express themselves as 
being entirely satisfied with the situation. 
The excessive heat of the day continues, with un- 
precedented sultry air to-night. The effect on the 
President is not favorable. The high temperature 
is a cause of alarm. Dr. Bliss says he is suffering 
from the heat, and if the hot weather continues 
another day they will have to move him to a tent on 
the lawn. 
APPREHENSIONS FROM THE HEAT. 
The weather to-night is the principal source of 
grave apprehension. Dr. Bliss said that if it con- 
tinued another day they would be forced to remove 
the President, and, being asked where, replied, "Into 
a tent on the grounds." He added that the President 
was undoubtedly suffering very much. It was 
natural that he should, and that the high tempera- 
ture, 101, was of course a cause of alarm. The heat 
to-day has been greater than ever known here be- 
fore. Everybody has suffered from it. The wind 
has blown off shore steadily all day, and 
to-night there is not a zephyr. The Presi- 
dent slept only a little during the after- 
noon, and the sleep he did succeed in 
getting was by no means restful. He complained 
very much about the heat, saying he wished that he 
could go out in the water that looked so cool and 
enticing as viewed from the window before which 
his bed is placed. He has continued to take food 
regularly, but no solid material at all, only milk 
porridge and the juice of beef. The enemata were 
continued as before, some stimulants being given, 
although not in considerable quantity. He has not 
had any relish for what has been given him to eat. 
lu fact, the suggestion or an appetite, which the 
doctors tried to please and encourage a week ago, 
has disappeared entirely to-night. 
PERIL OF THE COMING TWENTY-FOUR HOURS. 
Dr. Boynton is on watch in the sick chamber. He 
has expressed himself this evening as not dissatis- 
fied with the results of the trip so far as they had 
been shown. The manner in which he said this to 
the gentleman who repeated it to me was such as to 
convey the idea that the Doctor, whose views are 
always hopeful, regarded the next twenty-four 
hours as fraught with the most dangerous prob- 
abilities. So far the President has only succeeded 
in recovering in some measure from the fatigue of 
the journey, and the complications of his treatment 
arising from this torrid spell are such as to give a 
foundation to the apprehensions so generally enter- 
tained by those nearest him to-night. 
Two of the family servants have arrived from 
Washington. 
THE PHYSICIANS AND ATTENDANTS. 
Should the President's case not take a bad turn 
to-morrow Drs. Barnes, W'oodward and Keyburn 
will probably return to Washington and thereby end 
their connection with the case. Dr. Agnew has 
gone to Philadelphia and will return Friday to re- 
lieve Dr. Hamilton, who will remain at Elberon un- 
til then. General Swaim, Colonel Rockwell, Dr. 
Boynton and Mrs. Dr. E-lsou will hereafter attend 
to the duties of nursing, and the three doctors will 
then divide the hours of duty between them. Keep- 
ing watch at the President's bedside or in the room 
adjoining. Dr. Bliss wiil sleep in this room him- 
self and be always within call. 
IN A CRITICAL CONDITION. 
Dr. Boynton in an interview to-night said that it 
could not be denied that the President is in a very 
critical condition. He has slept some, but always 
under the influence of opiates. Last night his pulse 
ranged up to 128 near twelve o'clock, and in fact he 
has not had good rest for four or live days. He is 
irritable, but not in the least delirious. The gland 
on the face has all sloughed away and the openings 
are no longer bathed. The mucus which he voids 
by the mouth is a source ot great trouble. It pre- 
vents his sleeping a? he should and continually 
annoys him when awake. 
•'What is the condition of the lungs. Doctor?" 
was asked. 
••They were sounded to-day, and it was decided 
that they were all right." 
'•Then the mucus must come from the throat?" 
'•They say it does." 
' Do you think there is any lung trouble, any 
abscesses forming there?" 
'•I caunot say that there is anything as bad as 
that. No, I wouldn't say that. He is coughing and 
hawking all the time." 
''Do you think be will get well?" 
"Yes, I think so, but ho is a very sick man." 
"Cheerful?" 
"Well, somewhat, but not always." 
"And how is the wound?" 
"About the same as it has been." 
STATEMENT OF SECRETARY HUNT. 
It would be useless to deny that the friends of 
the President are very apprehensive to-night. Added 
to the fatigue and excitement of the journey has 
been the sultriest day known in the locality tor 
many, many years. The Secretary of War graphi- 
cally described the wea'ber by saying that every 
breeze was like the outpouring of hot air from the 
registers of a great church turnace. The President, 
he said, had expressed great discomfort during the 
day, and was still restless and feverish at night. It 
was not expected that there would be an immediate 
favorable change, but the warm weather had un- 
doubtedly postponed the hopeful signs. Said the 
Secretary:- 
"A few minutes since I was at the President's cot- 
tage, and the only one of the medical staff I could 
see was Dr. Hamilton. 1 naturally asked him what 
he thought of the President's condition. His an- 
swer was evasive, and as he is disposed 
to be reticent I did r.ot press him for further 
information. Nevertheless, I understood what it 
was that made him so thoughtful and silent. We 
readily understand that the excessive heat of the day 
has aggravated the President's leeble condition, but 
after all we have reason to be thankful that he is 
here and not in Washington." 
COLONEL COBBIN NOT DISCOURAGED. 
Colonel Corbin, whose intimate relations with the 
family are such that he hears all that is said re- 
garding the case, when asked to-night what he 
thought of the situation replied:- 
"I did not feel discouraged and know of no reason 
why I should bo s 
It was not so much what, he said as the manner 
and tone of his voice that gave significance to it. 
Secretary Kirkwood said to-night that he had not 
heard anything from the sick room since the after- 
noon. He was told that the doctors did not expect a 
favorable bulletin until to-morrow night. The object 
which the physicians had m changing the patient to 
this place was the hope of good results from the 
cool weather hnd the ocean breeze. While this 
atmosphere is a very great improvement over 
that in Washington, still the intense heat 
the oppressive, sultry weather or to-day added to 
the complications in the President's case. Our 
prairie winds in midsummer could not be warmer 
than the breeze which has blown from the west all 
day, and after t he fatigue ol yesterday's journey it 
is reasonable that there should be some apprehen- 
sions lest its effects may further debilitate a very 
weak patient. 
A SERIOUS COMPLICATION. 
The most serious complication now to be appre- 
hended by the physicians is with the bowels. The 
stimulating enemas are continued, and so long as 
they can be retained may help to build up a weak 
NEW YORK HERALD 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. THURSDAY. SI.HTEMBER 8, 188£ 
, [Official.] 
Long Branch, N. J., .Sept. 7, 1881. 
The following official bulletin was issued this 
tnorning:- 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 7-9 A. M. 
The President slept the greater part of the night, 
awakening, however, as often as it was necessary to 
give nourishment, which he took very well. The 
fever reported in last evening's bulletin had sub- 
Bided by eleven P. M. This morning his tempera- 
ture is normal, and he appears to have quite recov- 
ered from the fatigue of yesterday's journey. At 
the morning dressing the parotid abscess was 
found to be doing well. The visible parts of the 
wound look better. Pulse, 106; temperature, 98.4; 
respiration, 18. The next bulletin will be issued at 
»ix o'clock this evening. 
D. W. BLISS, J. K. BARNES, 
J. J. 'WOODWARD. ROBERT REYBURN, 
FRANK H. HAMILTON, D. HAYES AGNEW. 
[Official.] 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 7-6 P. M. 
Notwithstanding the exceptional heat of the 
weather (the thermometer in his bedroim rose to 
94 degrees at half-past three o'clock tnis after- 
noon) there was a breeze most of the day, so 
that the President was comparatively comfortable, 
He has taken his nourishment regularly and 
has slept at intervals during the day. At fifteen 
minutes past twelve P. M. his pulse was 114, tem- 
perature 98 4-10, respiration 18. Since then there 
has been some rise of temperature, though less than 
yesterday, and the pulse has somewhat diminished 
in frequency. At the evening dressing the appear- 
ance of the wound was favorable. At present his 
pulse is 108. temperature 101, respiration 18. 
D. W. BLI»S, ROBERT REYBURN, 
J. K. BARNES, FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
J. J. WOODWARD. 
[Unofficial.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 7-11 P. M. 
The President's fever has subsided and he is 
passing as good a night as last night. 
SECRETARY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 7, 1881. 
Secretary Blaine sent the following at eleven 
o'clock: - 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 7, 1881. 
Lowell, Minister, London:- 
The President has not gained in the last twenty- 
four hours. His fever increased considerably dur- 
ing the afternoon, his temperature reaching 101. 
He takes food without nausea, but without appe- 
tite, and has not improved in strength. The day is 
Baid to be as hot as was ever known at Long Branch. 
Cooler weather is reported from the west, and lower 
temperature, with relief to the President, is 
hoped for to-morrow. BLAINE, Secretary. 
STORY OF THE DAY. 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 7, 1831. 
The greatest solicitude was manifested last night 
for the condition of the President, and it was feared 
that he might be taken worse during the night, or 
within twenty-four hours, and suddenly pass away. 
The wearied physicians looked anxious, and while 
some of them gave a few unimbortant facts in a 
non-committal way, others refused to speak at all, 
and, altogether, there were goo'd reasons 
for serious anxiety. The excitement and 
fatigue of the journey from Washington had 
a very depressing effect on the physicians, and 
jus of them said that they were completely tired 
cut and ready for an oil fashioned sleep. At mid- 
night a delegation of Washington friends came down 
from the West End Hotel to make inquiries about 
the President's condition, but none of the doctors 
could be found. Their cottages were dark, and, with 
the exception of the two who were on watch with 
the patient, all the doctors were in bed. 
A NIGHT BY THE SEA. 
A slight breeze was wafted in from the sea, the 
xnocn shone in a cloudless sky, and the only thing 
that broke the stillness of the night was the sound circulatory system. To tills end it is important the 
; patient should bo free from restlessness and 
remain in a quiet position as much as 
possible. This the President is not able 
to do, and there are signs of inflammation along the 
walls'of the rectum, which it may be exceedingly 
' difficult to allay. The discharge of pus through the 
I mouth excites suspicion that the thick mucus 
i which is thrown of* with ia from tte 
lungs. There are small fever sores scattered 
over different parts of the body, and the 
general tone of the patient's blood warns the doc- 
tors that he cannot spare the stimulating enemata 
until he is able to take fluid nourishment, and in 
sufficient quantity to build up a burnt out body. 
Dr. Hamilton says:- 
"In his present condition the hot weather is a 
fearful drawback. It acts upon the wound and 
pores of the parotid gland, the irritation 
of which is communicated reciprocally by the 
heart and circulatory system. Cool days and nights, 
with the air fresh from the ocean, would strengthen 
our hopes and give that certain sign of power to 
recuperate which we are anxiously looking for." 
Secretary Windom says ho shares the apprehen- 
sions which the unfavorable day has developed, but 
adds, "I am still hopeful, and believe he will re- 
cover." 
THE FEVEB PASSING AWAY. 
At half-past eleven Dr. Bliss camo to the West End 
Hotel, where he met Secretary Hunt. He told him 
the fever which had been prominent during the 
afternoon and early part of the morning was pass- 
ing away and the pulse had fallen several beats 
since the evening bulletin was announced. The 
Secretary asked the Doctor what he thought of the 
President's condition. He replied:- 
"We hope to-morrow night to be able to give you । 
a more cheering bulletin. The weather is against 
us and what can we do until there is a change in 
temperature? The heat is exhausting and makes 
the President somewhat irritable." 
Secretary Hunt added that be hoped the morrow 
would be more favorable, but it did look as though 
nature conspired to make the President's recovery 
impossible. We have news of an approaching storm 
from the West, and that, I presume, is the founda- 
tion of the Doctors' hope for a more favorable bulle- 
tin to-morrow. 
INTEREST AMONG THE VISITORS. 
Elberon has been the objective point of a large 
number of visitors to-day, and although the intense 
heat has kebt truant sightseers from trampling 
down the grass of the lawns, yet all the available 
vehicles of the Branch have been busily engaged in 
bringing passengers to the lawns at Elberon. More 
people have stood in the glare of the merci- 
less sun and gazed at the window where 
General Garfield is resting than were ever 
before seen in the picturesque limits of this 
neighborhood. If the cottage shall be occupied 
long enough to become historic-say until the 
President recovers-one need not be surprised to 
hear of some loyal Ohioan buying it at a iabulous 
price and moving it out to Mentor as a present to 
the Garfield estate, as a souvenir of tho most re- 
markable event connected with the career of an 
Ohio statesman. 
REPORTS OF PHYSICIANS AND Phi ENDS ON THE 
president's CONDITION. 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 7, 1881. 
As General Swaim entered the hotel this afternoon 
he was met by a reporter, who said:- 
"General, what news can we send about the Presi- 
dent to-day?" 
"The President," replied the General, "is getting 
on finely, and is undoubtedly better now than he 
was this morning." 
"Was the wound dressed at noon to-day?' 
"No; the gland was dressed." 
"What is the condition of the gland to-day?" 
"It is growing better aH the time." • 
"I suppose you expect an early improvement in 
the President, do you not?" 
"Yes; I think this air will benefit him after we get 
a sea breeze." 
"Has the President expressed himself as feeling 
better to-day ?*' 
"Yes. He says he notices that the air is pure, and 
he enjoys the ocean scene very much." 
"The President's rallying in so soon from the fa- 
tigue of yesterday's trip is a very favorable indica- 
tion, isn't it?" , „ 
•■Yes, indeed; it shows that there is considerable 
of Garfield left there yet." 
"When do you think the expected good result 
from the change will begin to develop?" 
"I should judge that in a day or two it ought to 
be noticeable, and I have no doubt but that the next 
two days will show a marked gain." 
"How is Mrs. Garfield to-day?" 
'•She is rested ana feels quite well again." 
DB. BOYNTON'S STATEMENT. 
At this point General Swaim excused himself to 
partake of luncheon, and upon turning to leave the 
hotel the reporter met Dr. Boynton, whereupon the 
following questions and answers were exchanged: 
"Doctor, what is the President's condition from 
your standpoint?" 
"I think the President is doing admirably," 
"What was the pulse when last taken ?" 
"At noon the pulse was 114." 
"Was the temperature taken?' 
"Yes. The temperature and respiration were 
about normal." 
"Has the President made any remarks that would 
indicate that he feels any benefit from the change of 
air?" 
"Yes, he did so to-day. Warren Young, of Private 
Secretary Brown's office, came into the room with 
some mail matter. Seeing him the President held ; 
out his hand wilh the remark, 'Warren, don't you 
think I look better to-day?' to which Mr. Young re- 
sponded in the affirmative, and continuing the Pres- 
ident remarked with emphasis, 'And I feel better. 
This is a good air.' '' 
"How long should it be, Doctor, before the pa- 
tient should commence to gain some strength, pro- 
viding the sea air agrees with him?" 
"From forty-five to sixty hours." 
With this remark Doctor Boynton joined General 
Swaim, stating as he left for the dining-room, "we 
will have good news tor you in a day or so, I 
think." 
Colonel Corbin, who accompanied the Presiden- 
tial party, said this afternoon that the President was 
holding his own to-day, and that the rally made last 
night was being lully maintained. This gentleman 
considered the President somewhat stronger 
Condition of tile President, 
The bulletins of the physicians are of a 
slightly encouraging character, but it is 
clearly evident that the President is still in 
very great peril. The intense heat of yes- 
terday told severely on him, and those who 
have access to the sick chamber are not 
without grave apprehensions as to the issue. 
There is, however, one very favorable 
symptom-namely, that no serious conse- 
quences have resulted from the journey to 
the seaside. All the physical conditions 
seem to be about the same as when he left 
the capital, and if the weather should mod- 
erate the belief is entertained that a maiked 
improvement would take place. While the 
physicians are still hopeful it must be ad- 
mitted that the outlook is not altogether 
encouraging. NEW YORK HERALD 
"I had that at Washington," he said. 
They suggested beef juice or chicken broth. 
••I would rather have something gamey. Got any 
squirrels?" 
They had no squirrels, but they would telegraph to 
New York for some. 
"What have you?" he asked. 
They told him they had some birds from Mary- • 
land, quail and woodcock. He thought he would 
have a quail, and began to talk about the difference 
between quail and partridge. This being repeated 
without led to a discussion in which all Elberon 
took a hand, and as the bird had been dressed, 
cooked and eaten before the important issue had 
been settled no person'could learn whether it was 
a quail or a woodcock that had been given the Presi- 
dent, while some maintained that it was a partridge 
and others thought that it was a grouse. 
The balance of opinion was that it was a 
woodcock after all. The doctors were un- 
able to settle the question. At any rate 
the President made quite a hearty meal for a man 
so sick as he, and ate it with a relish. In aaditiou 
to the bird, nearly all of which he ate, he swallowed 
a morsel of toast and said that he really felt better. 
Dr. Bliss remarked that probably this appetite was 
due quite as much to the salt air as anything else,; 
and that possibly it might not continue beyond the 
next twenty-i'our or thirty-six hours. He believed 
it was the ordinary thing for persons arriving on 
the seashore from inland to get up a ravenous appe- 
tite almost directly they inhaled the salt air. Not 
that the President's hunger to-day did not imply 
good results for the future, but he did not think the 
appetite would continue. The President was hun- 
gry again in the evening, and had some toast and 
chicken broth, and wanted t» know if ho couldn't 
have some fish. Some was prepared, but before it 
was brought he thought it did not fill the measure 
of his expectation, and so would not eat fish. 
REDUCTION IN THE STAFF OF SURGEONS. 
To-day the staff of surgeons has been reduced. 
Surgeon General Barnes, Drs. Woodward and Rey- 
burn have been dismissed from the case and have 
watuxued. to Washington to pursue their ordinary] 
vocations.1 Mrs. Dr. Edson has also gone. ■ This' 
morning's bulletin is signed only by Bliss and Ham-i 
ilton. Hereafter Dr. Bliss will be on duty all the 
time or within call, and alternating with each other! 
will be Dr. Hamilton, whose present term of duty 
will end on Friday, and Dr. Agnew, who will arrive 
on the evening of that xlay. In the mean- 
time Dr. Boynton, General Rockwell, General 
Swaim and sometimes General Corbin will 
attend in the sick chamber. The advis- 
ability of engaging professional nurses has 
been repeatedly considered, but it has been thought 
best to have a,bout the President the familiar faces 
of his friends, and the four gentlemeu who gladly 
offer their services are of such genial disposition, 
so tender and attentive, that it is not likely that any 
degree of experience that professional nurses could 
bring would in any measure compensate lor their 
absence. 
explanation of the change. 
There are various stories current in explanation 
of the change, but the fact is the President is exer- 
cising his own will, and the question of his iuauil- 
ity or disability has been settled for the pnseot by 
Mrs. Garfield saying that it is her husband that is 
sick and not the President. So long as be is au in- 
valid he is more to her than all the offices in the 
gift of the people. The cottage in which the family 
is located is so private that not even a member , 
of the Cabinet crosses the threshold, not even the 
President's private secretary, until they show a pass 
to the sentinel at the door that they are welcome. 
There is a solemnity about this exclusiveness here 
which did not pertain to the Executive Mansion in 
Washington. That building is the property of the 
people, but Mr. Franckiyn's cottage is private 
ground, and over it Mrs. Garfield has control until 
such time as her honored husband may recover. 
It may be, too, that a weary convalescence will re- 
quire a further change in the medical management 
of the case. 
HOPE AND ENCOURAGEMENT. 
It has been a day of hope and encouragement so 
far as the bulletins ano conversations of the doctors 
could indicate the President's condition. The Attor- 
ney General also lent a helping hand. About one 
o'clock he wrote a letter to Secretary Blaine in sub- 
stance that the day of delivery had at length arrived 
and the favorable sea breeze which had cooled the 
air had also cooled the President's fever and dimin- 
ished his pulse. It was like tidings from a 
friend in an enemy's country and was grate- 
fully received by such members of the 
Cabinet as make the West End their 
home. Mr. Blaine, however, who has learned the 
tact of diplomacy in a school more thorough than 
the State Department, said he preferred to wait for 
several days before he rejoiced. It would do no 
harm to hold to the faith until the end of the week 
and then make open profession of it if the indica- 
tions were still favorable. 
THE NOON EXAMINATION. 
The examination this noon, when no bulletin was 
issued, reports the pulse at 94-lower than it | 
has been for ten days. The temperature is 
at its normal point, and the respiration 
was recorded at the familiar figure of 18. 
The afternoon showed a rise in the temperature and 
in the pulse, the latter going to 106 and the former 
about 99. This would seem to indicate a return to 
the time when every night a mysterious fever came 
and every morning made its disappearance. To- 
night, however, the fever is not considerable. 
BULLING THE NEWS. 
The more hopeful in official circles were soon 
joined by a throng of well wishers at the 
West End, and bulletins were posted hourly 
of what Dr. Bliss said to Dr. Hamilton, 
what Dr. Hamilton said to Dr. Bliss, what 
they said to each other and what it was alleged each 
thought about the prospects of the President's re- 
covery. This was a new way of "bulling'' the news. 
All hoped the prognostications were correct, but 
about sundown it occurred to a good many people 
how absurd it was to be elated over the reported un- 
official conversations of the doctors. 
"Convalescence is a long worn," said an elderly 
gentieman who was inspecting one of the afternoon 
reports, "and I am afraid it means a long road for 
the President before he reaches that state.'* 
It is true that Dr. Hamilton had predicted that the 
very first cool day would have its influences upon 
the patient. The appetites of the pilgrims at the 
West End and the Branch were sharpened by the 
salt sea air, and it, too, must have some effect upon 
the sufferer at Elberon. 
THE SWOLKN GLAND AND THE WOUND. 
I asked Dr. Boynton to-night how the parotid 
gland was getting on. His prompt, frank and cheer- 
ful reply was that it was doing excellently. He had 
never seen a swelling of the kind with such aggravat- 
ing surroundings heal so rapidly and in apparently 
so healthy a manner. 
"How was the wound doing?" I asked. 
The answer was not so happily spoken. It was 
still eleven or twelve inches deep, not granulating, 
barely suppurating, and was in that halting condi- 
tion which renders it an object of solicitude. It 
began to show signs of healing, but only so, so. 
Concerning his bowels, they were fair, and indi- 
cated, perhaps, that food was assimilated. 
CONDITION OF THE LUNGS. 
"And now. Doctor, just one more question. What 
is this we hear about the lungs and the effort the 
President makes to expectorate? Does itindicate a 
weak or septic condition of that organ?" 
His reply was, "Really you will have to excuse me, 
as I am just going to tea." 
"But what is there so peculiar about the subject 
that you do not care to talk upon it?" 
"Well, truly I would prefer not to answer your 
question." 
Dr. Boynton has been credited with giving a better 
insight into the President's condition during the last 
nine weeks than has been gained from any other 
source. His silence on this point is, I fear, too sig- 
nificant. 
LOCATION OF THE BALL. 
There is grood ground for saying that the removal 
of the President here further jolted the uneneysted 
ball deeper somewhere, perhaps into the abdominal 
cavity. It is also true that the high pulse and in- 
creased fever-the alarming symptoms of the last 
three weeks-have all been caused by inanition, re- 
sulting from the pressure oi the ball. Each move- 
ment of it has been like the original shock, result- 
ing in a temporary low temperature and pulse, fol- 
lowed by a high pulse and increasing temperature. 
The wound is not healing, and what if the suspected 
metastic abscesses in the lungs should be caused 
by the increased septic condition of the circulat- 
ing system? The ^pemas have been prudently dis- 
continued to allow the bowels to recover a bit 
of their natural sensitiveness and the invigorating 
quality of the ocean breeze is to be temporarily re- 
lied upon for capacity to take solid food. Capacity 
it is, for he has no appetite. He fancies he could 
eat certain articles, but does not crave for them. 
A sign of an appetite would be more acceptable to 
the watching, waiting souls in that household than 
all the wealth of Long Branch. 
THE PRESIDENT DELIGHTED. 
Nevertheless, the President is delighted with the 
change of quarters. The music of the ocean sym- 
phonies, which he hears distinctlj' from his cot, has 
always been to him the most grateful and inspiring 
of sounds. It was the dream of his boyhood, says 
Dr. Boynton, the delight of his manhood when he 
could spend hours upon hours watching and listening 
to the rnsh of the waters upon the beach. His eyes 
glisten with joyful tears as he hears the ceaseless 
pour of the Atlantic breaking its proud waves at the 
base of his peaceful retreat. It was the fascination 
of this scene, enjoyed so much early last summer, 
when Mrs. Garfield was au invalid here, that made 
him prefer Elberon to the Potomac and next to 
Mentor. 
"If," says Dr. Hamilton, "the change shall be fol 
lowed by more refreshing sleep. Increased ability to 
digest solid food and a subsiding pulse and lower 
temperature it will be evidence that the ability to 
recuperate and overcoms all weakness is at last 
within the patient." It is this evidence that is now 
so anxiously looked for by the patient watchers. 
NEW BOUBOK OF DANGER. 
It is understood to-night that the doctors have 
discovered that the ball is now in the psoas muscle. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
IBOPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1881. 
[Official.] 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 8-8:30 A. M. 
At the morning examination, made at eight 
o'clock, the President's pulse was 104, temperature 
98.7 and respiration 18. He was restless and wake- 
ful during the early part of the night, but after 
twelve (midnight) slept well until morning. His 
general condition appears more encouraging. 
D. W. BLIsS, 
frank h. Hamilton. 
^Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 8-6:30 P. M. 
At twelve M. to-day the President's temperature 
Was 98.4; pulse, 94; respiration, 17. At the evening 
dressins, at half-past five, his temperature was 99.1; 
pulse, 100; respiration, 18. He has taken a liberal 
amount of food, both solid and fluid, with apparent 
relish. 
By special request of the President it has been 
made our duty to say in this public manner to Sur- 
geon General Barnes, Surgeon J. J. Woodward 
and Ur. Robert Eeyburn that in dispens- 
ing with their services as his medical 
Attendants he was actuated only by a 
wish to relieve them of labor and responsibility 
which in his improved condition he could no longer 
properly impose upon them. Both the President 
and Mrs. Garfield desire to express to these gentle- 
men personally, and in the same public manner, 
their high appreciation of the great skill and discre- 
tion which they have so constantly exercised as asso- 
ciate council in the management of bis case up to 
the present time. D. W. BLISS, 
F. H. HAMILTON. 
SECRETARY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. . 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 8,1881. 
Secretary Blaine sent the following at half-past ten 
O'clock to-night:- 
"Elberon, N. J., Sept. 8,1881. 
•'Lowell. Minister, London:- 
•'The President's rest was much broken during 
the first half of last night, but to-day his condition 
has been more favorable. He had less fever this 
afternoon than for several days past, has better 
pulse and improved appetite. His surgeons are 
much encouraged. His comfort has been promoted 
by a decided change in the weather. Thermometer 
at this hour (halt-past ten) 75 degrees Fahrenheit; 
yesterday it was 95. 
"BLAINE, Secretary." 
A MORE FAVORABLE DAY. 
(BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD. 1 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 8, 1881. 
The gloom of last night is dispelled to-day and the 
watchers around the President's bed nave another i 
season of hope. To-day the President is better, "un- 
mistakably better," says Dr. Bliss. Still his pulse 
is high enough and his temperature is higher than 
it ought to be, as say the doctors, but he is just 
making good toe wearisome result of his trip from 
Washington. In short he is on the straight, road to 
recovery. This, then, is the good news of the day. 
Those who have been longest about his bedside 
and who have seen him four or five times ap-' 
parently on the straight road to recovery 
hope that the symptoms of to-day will 
continue to be favorable symptoms to-morrow, but 
they have hoped before and nave believed before, 
and they have been disappointed before, so that on 
the promise of the President's present condition 
they do not build so much as others might. Never- 
theless it is a long time since the President made as 
much progress as ho has to-day. His appetite came 
back to him shortly after the time that the wind 
changed from an off-shore breeze to an easterly one 
which happened about ten o'clock. It drove away 
the heat and brought an air so laden with salt that 
one could taste it on the lips, and the President 
said:- 
"I begin to feel that I am indeed at the seashore." 
downbight hungry. 
An hour after that the patient said he was hun- 
gry-reaUy downright hungry. They offered him 
porridge. near the internal iliac artery, and that the danger 
now is that from ulceration, or, it the ball has a 
jagned edge, that the artery may be opened and 
faul hemorrhage follow. The operation for the re- 
moval ot the ball, if performed, would be one of the 
moat delicate in surgery, to say nothing 
of the patient's present condition. It is reported 
to bo so serious a matter that even the operations 
might prove fatal. This has been the apprehension 
of the medical faculty ever since it was reported 
1 that the ball had not encysted, and reference was 
I made in these despatches two weeks ago that there 
j was danger to the internal iliac artery, especially if 
| the ball had a shu'p or jagged edge. 
WHAT DOCTORS AND ATTENDANTS SAY. 
In a brief conversation at nine o'clock to-night, 
Colonel Corbin said to me:-"It is our judgment 
that the President is very much better to-night, and 
we are encouraged to believe he has made some sub- 
stantial progress." In saving this Colonel Corbin 
repeated the expressions of the doctors, who seem 
to regard every condition as entirely favorable. To- 
night, almost without intermission, the President 
has been sleeping. After his wound was dressed his 
pulse ran up, as it usually does, a little, and his 
temperature was noted as being higher. Presently, 
however, he asked to be turned on his side, which 
being done he composed himself to sleep, and took 
the longest nap he has had in many days. 
Dr. Boynton said at nine o'clock;-"He is doing 
well." 
Dr. Bliss said:-"He is doing splendidly." 
Dr. Hamilton said:-"His condition is favorable." 
Colonel EockweU said:-"We are much encour- 
aged." 
General Swaim thought that in a few days the 
President would enter unon a convalescent stage. 
CHANGE IN THE TEMPERATURE. 
This evening the weather has changed to a tem- 
perature lower by nearly twenty degrees than it 
was yesterday. The gentlemen about the hotels are 
wearing overcoats and most of the ladies are en- 
circled with wraps. Should this weather develop 
into a northeast storm, as the weather wise along 
the coast predict, that it will, it will become neces- 
sary to put tires alight in the cottage. All these 
conditions are regarded as highly favorable to the 
President, for he has been here almost long enough 
not to bo too keenly sensitive to even the most tem- 
pestuous easterly weather that the coast is likely to 
know this season of the year. 
RUMOa DENIED. 
A report which helped to unsettle the hopes ot 
many was current at the hotels this evening, to the 
effect that the President had again been troubled 
with nausea, if not with vomiting. It was denied 
by the physicians, as well as by General Swaim and 
Colonel Rockwell. It was admitted, however, that 
he had either eaten too much or the kind of food 
did not agree with him, and for some time he suf- 
fered from flatulency, which caused a rise in the 
pulse. It soon passed away and the pulse went 
aown. The President shortly after sunk into a 
slumber. 
The cars that compose the President's train have 
been removed, and. arrangements are now making to 
take away the railroad track that reaches from 
Elberon station to the door of the cottage. It will 
probably be taken away on Monday. 
Condition of tile President. 
A marked improvement, the country will . 
be glad to hear, has taken place in the con- 
dition of the President, and the hope is 
now confidently expressed that he will re- 
cover. It is evident that the pure air of the 
seaside is having a beneficial effect, and 
that his chances of restoration have been 
immeasurably increased by the removal 
from Washington. His appetite is better, 
and since the moderation of the intense 
heat of the last few days exceedingly favor- 
able symptoms are manifested almost 
hourly. If the bulletins and the state- 
ments of the physicians accurately describe 
the situation the mending process seems 
to have begun. 
WHAT IS SAID OF IT, 
I and consulting surgeons. The retirement of 
the three Washington colleagues of Dr. Bliss 
is not in the slightest degree a reflection upon 
them professionally. Their services have un- 
doubtedly been of great utility at critical pe- 
riods when there was need of the combined 
knowledge of a number of experienced physi- 
cians, and the country owes to them as well 
as to their professional brethren who remain a 
debt of thanks for their devotion and zeal and 
their long-continued sacrifice of personal in- 
terests and comfort, but the President's case is 
now thoroughly understood in all its phases 
and three doctors are as good as fifty. 
Indeed, doctors can do little for the patient 
now beyond determining how much nutriment 
he can assimilate and keeping the wound in 
as good condition as possible. It is not a case 
for medication now the President has been put 
beyond the reach of malarial influences and 
' established in thoroughlyhealthfulsurroundings. 
By the aid of stimulants he has been tided 
over the imminent danger of collapse which 
threatened him a week ago. If he is to recover 
Nature must now build him up with the aid of 
sea air, good nursing, and such attention to 
diet, general symptoms and the healing of the 
wound as one skilful surgeon who has been in 
constant attendance can give as well as a whole 
college of doctors. 
Perhaps the very fact that ho is no longer 
the object of hourly professional interest and 
solicitude to so many eminent medical men 
will have a good effect in tending to concen- 
trate his mind less upon his own condition. 
The Withdrawal of the Three SnrgeoM- 
The Canse-Speculations. 
The expression of Dr. Bliss, as reported 
by Associated Press dispatches, namely, that " there 
v: s no cause for the withdrawal or retirement of 
the surgeons beyond the fact that it was the desire 
or whim of a very sick man," has in it more than 
the mere phraseology implies to the ordinary 
reader. It is well known here that the inner his- 
tory of the treatmentof the patient is regarded as of 
much interest to medical scientists, and therefore 
the record of the attending surgeons was kept up 
closely from the beginning. 
THIS WAS A LABORIOUS WORK, 
sn 1 one which could not be performed by a mere 
clerk, but demanded the skill of the practical sur- 
geon and physician. To the performance of this 
labor Dr. Woodward had been assigned by his as- 
sociates, and he was constantly engaged iu keep- 
ing up this record, inasmuch as everything done 
or directed to be done by the surgeons, the effects 
upon the patient, the time and manner of the de- 
velopment of each phase of disease, the operations 
of the wound, &c., were set down in minute de- 
tails. This record had already grown into large 
proportions, and upon it Drs. Bliss, Hamilton, Ag- 
new, el al. expected to go before the medical pro- 
fession of the world as their justification of the 
treatment of the illustrious patient, whose case 
has become historic, and will remain 
THE MOST FAMOUS 
probably in medical annals. Although this work 
was performed in an adjoining room to that of the 
President, he was not advised that it was in prog- 
ress, and his suggestion of dispensing with Dr. 
Woodward was a great disappointment to Dr. Bliss 
and his associates. General Garfield a few days 
ago expressed to his wife the opinion that Drs. 
Barnes, Woodward, and Reyburn were not needed 
in his case, but he had gaid nothing on the subject 
to Dr. Bliss. He is said to have formed an aver- 
sion to Dr. Reyburn, and was irritated by the lat- 
ter's presence. This seems strange, because 
DR. REYBURN IS MODEST 
i and very popular, conceded to be an excellent 
i physician, some say superior as such to any in at- 
tendance upon the President. Drs. Barnes and 
Woodward each had special merits in the estima- 
tion of Dr. Bliss, who selected them with reference 
thereto. Dr. Woodward is an expert microscopist, 
painstaking, and given much to research in medi- 
cal science, and was therefore peculiarly fitted for 
the preparation of the record. It is shrewdly sug- 
gested hero that what is commonly styled the 
"Kitchen Cabinet" or "Chum Cabinet" arc to be 
credited with the accomplishment of this little 
coup against the doctors. Some one or other of 
THE MEMBERS OF THAT "CABINET" 
was at all times with the patient, sitting up with 
and nursing him. Their opportunities for hints 
or suggestions to the patient were unrestrained. 
Besides there were other interests to be subserved, 
such as the retirement of Surgeon-General Barnes 
i from ac ive service, ho having peached the age 
■ of sixty-two years. His retirement would create a 
vacancy in the surgeon-generalship, in anticipa- 
1 t'on of which vacancy several slates had been 
i made up some time prior to the assassination, and 
combinations were in existence by which certain 
gentlemen were to be specially benefited in the 
way of desirable appointments and promotions. 
} Another thing which appears to have moved the 
: President to dispense with the surgeons was the 
large expense, as he thought, necessarily attend- 
ing such employment of surgical skill. In this he 
does not seem to have reflected that that is a sub- 
ject of secondary importance, and one which be- 
longs to the people, who regard him as the 
Nation's patient, and that the expenses are to be 
naid by the Government. - 
Snlnm. 
FOUNDED BY HORACE G REELEY. 
FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1881. 
FEWER DOCTORS. 
With the characteristic practical good sense 
which has never failed the President during 
the whole period of his sufferings, he decided 
to make his departure from the White House 
the occasion for reducing his staff of attending 
physicians. The whole of the staff accom- 
panied him to Elberon, and there at his re- | 
quest Surgeon-General Barnes and Drs. Wood- 
ward and Reyburn withdrew from the case 
and returned to their homes and duties in ; 
Washington. Dr. Bliss, the physician first j 
called in and the one who has since had most j 
to do with the dressing of the wound, and ' 
has followed the daily progress of the i 
case with the closest attention, remains in 1 
ebntant attendance, and Drs Agnew and j 
Hamilton, whose skill as specialists is of , 
great value, continue to be the visiting j 
THE NATIONAL REPUBLICAN. 
Published daily (Sundays excepted) by the 
NATIONAL REPUBLICAN PRINTING COMPANY, 
At 1008 and 1310 Pennsylvania avenue. 
TERMS: 
One copy one year 00 
One copy one month "J 50 
AMress NATIONAL REPUBLICAN, 
Washington, D. C. 
[Entered at the post-office at Washington, D. C as 
recond class matter.] 
WASHINGTON, D, C., SEPTEMBER 9, 1881. spoken of as improving in every bulletin, but' 
upon the 12th of July he began to sink, his pulse 
ranged up to 120, his temperature reached 101 and a 
high fever began to burn whose fires, as shown day 
by day by the bulletins themselves, have never been 
totally suppressed. In the third week of July, and 
tne twenty-second day after he was shot, he had a 
chill, rigors ensued, and for a week he was under 
the shadow of death and so nearly obscured in its 
darkness that the people gave up hope. Then again 
appeared the favorable symptoms, although not so 
strongly indicated as they were on the 19th of July, 
when the bulletin spoke of the patient as on the way 
to oonvalescenoe." 
A FOURTH RELAPSE. 
Then followed another week of good progress, and 
then a depression caused by fever, succeeded by a 
fourth relapse, in which vomiting was the new and 
dangerous development. From the 13th of August 
to the 17th the condition of the President was such 
that even the bulletins gave but scant rays of hope. 
Then he began to gain ground until tha parotid 
gland beginning to swell gave such unmistakable 
evidences of blood poisoning that even the con- 
servatism of the bulletins indorsed what 
the Herald had editorially predicted and the 
despatches to the paper from Washington had 
suggested ten days before. Then the President sank 
lower than he had ever done. The Cabinet were 
officially notified that he could not live and that 
death was sure to ensue and likely enough to come 
very shortly. Just before the danger from this im- 
mediate source was apparent it was thought of as a 
proper, although not perhaps as a feasible, thing to 
do, to remove him. It was decided not to do it. 
Within forty-eight hours he was again very low and 
it was determined that he should go away from 
Washington so soon as the arrangements could be 
made, even though he should die on the trip. ■ 
WHEN RATIONAL HOPE MAY .BEGIN. 
'•Summing all these facts up," said a gentleman 
who knows the history of the case better than any 
layman who has been near the sufferer, "there 
seems little ground for hope for us now until at 
least ten days, without a new chase of danger shall 
have passed from the time the President was 
brought here. The history of his case presents 
some new feature every week and each succeeding 
one has been more serious than its predecessor. 
There fc in his condition to-day nothing upon 
which to base the presumption that he has escaped 
those cht nces of a relapse which have oome before 
without warning, and whose effects have always 
been so pregnant with evil. Twenty hours before 
the first operation there was no appearance sug- 
gestive nor cause to think that it would be neces- 
sary. The President's case has demonstrated that 
the unexpected is the thing that never fails to hap- 
pen. Let ns get away from the bad features of the 
ten weeks' record of his case before we get too 
hopeful to-day for that which we cannot justify next 
i week. Don't let it be forgotten that the President is 
I a very sick man-perhaps sicker than he was three 
weeks ago-since when he has twice been so near 
death that the nation's breath stopped while it 
waited for the ball to drop." 
AN ENCOURAGING FEATURE. 
To-night's bulletin shows one encouraging feature. 
It presents that in the opinion of the physicians 
there has not been a day for a long time in which 
the pulse and temperature have been maintained at 
such an equable figure from morning till night. 
This in itself, they argue, is a better showing than 
the case has had for a long time, and they feel en- 
couraged thereby. Dr. Agnew, who arrived this 
evening and was present at the evening examina- 
tion, said afterward when I asked him what change 
there was in the President's condition since he saw 
him last that he thought that he had improved, but 
he remembered that he left Washington where he 
saw the President last while the patient was yet in a 
very low condition. 
THE TALK WITH DR. BLISS. 
After Dr. Bliss had had his dinner this evening he 
sat on the piazza of the hotel and talked freely with 
your correspondent. He referred to the bulletin 
this morning, and said that while the President's 
sleep had been broken it had been rather restful last 
night, and in the morning he (the Doctor) was es- 
pecially gratified by his appearance. 
"What did he eat to-day?" 
"He ate some toast this morning and some wood- 
cock and toast near midday. It was woodcock sure 
enough this time. There was some doubt about 
what it was yesterday, but it was w oddcock." 
"And did he eat with a relish?" 
"Yes, he ate it with satisfaction. He ate all of the 
piece of toast except just the crust." 
"There was a rumor late last night that he had 
eaten too much, and that a distressing flatulency 
followed. What are the facts according to your 
knowledge?" 
"There is little in that. I think after he had taken 
some beef extract, which I directed he should have, 
he took some more at the suggestion of Dr. Hamil- 
ton, who did not know that he had so much. He 
experienced a sense of repletion, somewhat as I do 
now, because I have just dined heartily." 
NO LUNG TROUBLE. 
"Do you think there is any difficulty with his 
lungs?" 
"No, I really do not. We have watched them and 
examined them very closely. In sounding them at 
first we found a flat response to our ■ tapping at one 
place. We found that it did not extend, nor did the 
flat sound we had remarked become any more 
noticeable. It still exists, but is not in the least a 
sign of lung trouble, but arises from the shock 
communicated to that region from the shot." 
"Then there are no signs of abscesses forming 
there ?" 
"None whatever." 
. THE BALI. AND THE WOUND. 
"With regard to the ball, is it in dangerous prox- 
imity to the iliac artery?" 
"The ball is In a position to be readily removed. 
That is, we think it is." 
"And do you propose to cut for it soon?" 
"Not immediately, certainly." 
The Doctor was next asked about the condition of 
the wound, and responded:- 
"The flow of pus is healthier now than ft was be- 
fore. It is not large in quantity. We dress it only 
once a day now; there are signs of granulation very 
apparent." 
"You still use the catheter?" 
"Yes, but we are using a smaller one than hitherto. 
The dimension of the sinus is diminished." 
"What are the evidences of granulation along the 
inner end of the wound?" 
"The catheter does not go in so far. To-day it did 
not penetrate more than about ten inches. We are 
very careful not to press it any further than it slips 
in easily. When the least force is used there is a 
flow of blood. There is shown a percepible discolor- 
ation ot the pus." 
"How large is the catheter or tube you use 
now?" 
"Less than a penholder, in circumference say 
three-quarters of an inch." 
"Has the ball changed position since the President 
came here?" 
"No, I think not." 
"Is it encysted?" 
"Probably not." 
'•Do you apprehend further danger arising from 
its then unprotected condition?" 
"No, we think it will do no further harm.1* 
EVIDENCE THAT THE PRESIDENT IS BETTER. 
"On what grounds do you base the belief that the 
President is better?" 
"Ou his general condition. He takes more notice 
to-day than he has done hitherto. He sees the ves- 
sels going by. He said this morning that in dress- 
ing his face I gave him less pain than I had ever 
done before. The reason of that is because his face 
is fast getting well. The lines of expression on his 
face are more clearly shown, and his appearance al- 
together is more favorable." 
THE PATIENT'S MIND-NIGHT REPORT. 
Colonel Rockwell said to-night that he had no 
doubt but that the President's mind was clear 
enough to-day to act upon any really unimportant 
executive business that might be brought before it. 
Dr. Bliss said to-night that when the President 
was told how pleased the people of the country were 
to hear of his improvement he replied that they had 
little to feel pleased over, thereby conveying the 
idea that he did not consider his own progress as 
being very great to-night. The President ate some 
toast and took his usual quantity of porridge. He 
dozed shortly af ter nightfall and when he awoke at 
intervals thereafter was quite cheerful. His pulse 
had not risen and the favorable symptoms of the 
day were continued. 
At twelve o'clock (midnight) the President's con- 
dition continues favorable. He has rested better to- 
night than in the early part of any night for a week 
past. His pulse is somewhat higher, owing to the 
evening febrile rise, but Dr. Biiss says his general 
condition continues favorable. About half-past 
eleven P. M. Dr. Bliss said he was going to retire, 
and did not expect to be disturbed before morning. 
THE DISABILITY QUESTION SUSPENDED. 
The question of the ability of the President to 
perform his duties has been definitely settled for 
the present, and will not again receive the consid- 
eration of the Cabinet. At a conference of the mem- 
bers, held at the State Department in Washington 
one week ago, it was resolved to drop the sub- 
ject until after the arrival of the President at Long 
Branch, and there await the result of the first week 
of his residence by the seaside. The testimony 
of the physicians to-day is that so far as they can 
judge from the superficial indications; so far as 
pulse, temperature and respiration can guide 
their judgment; so far as the appearance of the 
patient, his tone, his voice and general demeanor 
can show, there are no danger signals out, and 
in the opinion of the surgeons the President is on a 
fair way to recovery. With this information before 
General Garfield and knowing the privations which 
| the members of the Cabinet have endured in conse- 
quence of his illness, he to-day said he would like 
to see all of his advisers before they left the place. 
The physicians knew of no reason why this request 
should not be granted with the understanding that 
the visit of each member should be of brief dura- 
tion. 
NEW YORK HERALD 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. SATURDAY. SEPTEMBER 10, 1881. 
[Official] 
* Elberon, N. J., Sept, 9-8:3WA. M. 
At the examination of the President at eight 
B'clock A. IL the temperature was 98.5; pulse, 100; 
respiration, 17. The conditions of the parotid and 
the wound are Improving. He was somewhat wake- 
ful in the night, but not restless, and slept suf- 
ficiently. The enemata and stimulants have been 
suspended during the past thirty-six hours. On 
the whole the past twenty-four hours give evi- 
dence of favorable progress. 
D. W. BLlsS, 
FRANK H. Hamilton. 
[Official.] 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 9-6 P. M. 
At the examination of the President at twelve M. 
to-day, the temperature was 98 4-10; pulse, 100; res- 
piration, 17. 
At the evening dressing, at half-past five P. M., the 
temperature was 98 8-10; pulse, 100; respiration, 18. 
It is believed, without referring to the records, 
Chat tnis is the first day since the development of 
the traumatic fever that the temperature, pulse and 
respiration have been so nearly normal and uniform 
throughout the entire day. 
D. W. BLISS, 
FRANK H. HAMILTON, 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
SECRETARY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 9, 1881. 
Secretary Blaine sent the following at ten o'clock 
this evening:- 
"Elberon, N. J., Sept. 9, 188L 
"Lowell, Minister, London:- 
"The medical reports are all favorable to-day- 
morning, noon and night. The President has not 
for many weeks done so well for so many consecu- 
tive hours. He has had very little fever; his respi- 
ration has been normal, and his pulse has not ex- 
ceeded 100. He slept without opiate and gained 
Strength without stimulant. His nights are not so 
restful as could be desired, but in the twenty-four 
hours he gets sufficient sleep. The weather, though, 
not excessively warm, continues sultry and oppres- 
sive. Much is hoped from the clear, bracing air 
which.may be expected here at this season. 
"BLAINE, Secretary." 
HISTORY OF THE DAY. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD.] 
Elbebon, Sept. 9, 1881. 
The condition of the President is told in the bul- 
letins. For the last twenty-four hours every circum- 
stance surrounding him has been favorable. The 
weather has changed from an equatorial heat to some- 
thing much more tolerable. The wind now blows 
off the sea, and comes with drifting clouds of mist 
too blue to be called fogs, but heavy in their humid- 
ity, and although the sun and sky are hidden with 
the rainy looking clouds that stretch from horizon 
to zenith, giving a dull color to everything, the 
weather is favorable withal, and what Long Branch 
was expected to furnish in the way of pure air 
seems to be here. The President, however, has 
made no gain since yesterday. His condition is fa- 
vorable, the symptoms are encouraging, and every- 
thing justifies the most hopeful view of his case; 
but he is no better. He has gained no strength, has 
added ho ounces of flesh to his wasted body and, 
more than that, is not as cheerful himself as he was1 
twenty-four hours ago. To-day the midday fever 
that burns every afternoon and evening made its 
expected appearance. The temperature ran up to a 
point over 100 by nearly two-tenths, and the pulse 
reached 105, its maximum, touohing 98 as the mini- 
mum, and vacillated between the two figures with 
astonishing rapidity. 
review op the case. 
With the new hope that seems to be born of a 
bulletin and is lost at the first discouraging word in 
the next that is issued it is of interest to review the 
case as presented by bulletins day by day since the 
morning of the 3d of July, when the first one was 
published. At that time hope w s dead aud the bul- 
letin said there are chances for life. Then followed 
Cour days of anxious waiting, during which time 
the pulse and temperature were never re- 
corded in less than three figures; but 
when they fell below that he was spoken 
of as better. For three days he was again VAB1NMT OWTIGEBB IN THE PRESIDENT B BOOM. 
Attorney General MaeVeagh, who occupies a cot- 
tage near that of the President's, was first sent for. 
The meeting between the two was cordial and affec- 
tionate but not demonstrative. To Mr. MaeVeagh Gen- 
eral Garfield again expressed the desire that all mem- 
bers of the Cabinet should call. The Attorney Gen- 
et al, speaking for tbe Department of Justice, assured 
the President that there was no business whatever 
requiring Executive consideration, and, so far as his 
department was concerned, he need not give him- 
self a moment's anxiety. The time occupied fcr 
this was not more than five minutes. Immediately 
after his departure he proceeded to the West End to 
personally acquaint the other Cabinet officers of the 
message of the President. It was accordingly ar- 
ranged that Secretary Blaine, the only member who 
had seen the patient during his illness prior to to- 
day, should call this evening, that to-morrow Post- 
master General James and Secretary Lincoln should 
call, and on Sunday Secretaries Windom and Hunt 
should pay their respects. Secretary Kirkwood, of 
the Interior Department, who left tor Wash- 
ington last night, will probably return on 
this errand in a few days. It was understood that 
each member of the Cabinet in concluding his visit 
will assure the President that there is no official 
business requiring his immediate attention and that 
only to this extent will the matter of business be 
referred to. 
The favorable reports of the physicians continu- 
ing, it is arranged for the members of the Cabinet 
to visit the White Mountains, leaving on Tuesday 
next, at which time the patient will have been at 
Elberon one week. Tbe Cabinet agree that if 
seven days pass without a sign of a new 
complication then there is reasonable ground for 
believing the changes are favorable for recuperation 
and ultimate recovery. A continuance of this stage ' 
would enable the President by the 1st of November 
to begin to give attention to his annual message to 
Congress, which is a date even earlier than Presi 
dentshave usually taken up that subject. 
IMPORTANT APPOINTMENT WAITING. 
The only appointment of great importance that 
awaits executive selection is that of a successor to 
Associate Justice Clifford. The illness of Justice 
Ward Hunt and the accumulated business of the 
Supreme Court make it imperative that at the very 
opening of Congress the nomination of Mr. Clif- 
ford's successor should be named. Tbe choice 
of the President, it is understood, is already made, 
but the honor will probably be declined by the gen- 
tlemen selected. In such an event the selection 
will be made from the New England Circuit, over 
which Justice Clifford presided for so many years. 
In regard to the postponement of the question 
raised of the inability of the Pres dent I ant in- 
formed that it has been fully canvassed since the ar- 
rival of the Cabinet here, and it is understood that 
if convalescence is to follow the change from Wash- 
ington to Long Branch, then there will be no neces- 
sity for reopening the discussion, even in the event 
of continued illness. It is evident that the inten- 
tion is to bridge the matter over until Congress 
meets in December, when the Cabinet at least would 
be relieved of responsibility in advising the Vice 
President to perform the duties of the President. 
VICE PRESIDENT ARTHUR'S DETERMINATION. 
It is reported here that under no circumstances 
would Vice President Arthur enter upon the duties 
of President temporarily at the request of President 
Garfield, for the reason that the strength of miud 
and of body that would be necessary to communi- 
cate the reasons for such a request would more 
properly belong to a special message convening 
Congress in extra session to provide for such an 
emergency. 
A NEW HOPE HELD OUT. 
Professor J. M. Car'nochan was called upon and 
questioned in reference to the report from Long 
Branch, which appeared in yesterday's Herald, that 
the ball was understood to be in the psoas muscle, 
near the internal iliac artery, which latter might 
possibly open with fatal hemorrhage as the result. 
The Doctor expressed himself disinclined to say any- 
thing on the subject until the reports from Elberon 
as to the President's condition had assumed a more 
definite outline. When pressed, however, to give his 
views on the statement above mentioned the-Doctor 
said:-"It does not necessarily follow that there 
is any very great danger from that source 
even if the statement above given should be correct. 
Nature is sometimes very provident in placing a wall 
between a foreign body and an important organ or 
structure such as the internal iliac artery, and, for- 
tunately, the ulcerat vfe process is naturally disposed 
to act outward toward the surface, so that in this 
way no such danger from this source need be seri- 
ously apprehended. There would be more danger 
from ulceration through the delicate coats of the 
iliac vein from proximity to the ball than from the 
artery." 
"To what extent do you regard the presence of the 
ball as an obstacle to the President's recovery?" 
"Tbe great danger is that the presence of the ball 
may be a source of septictemic or pysemic poison 
from the continued presence of an irritating foreign 
body." 
"Would you have an objection to tell me whether 
the President can recover with the ball in his body?" 
"I do not consider tbe President out ot danger as 
long as there is a suppurating wound in immediate 
connection with the site of the ball, but with the 
extraordinary vitality of the President it is possible 
that tbe septic.emie or pyaemic condition which to 
a certainty has existeu may we overcome or thrown, 
off, and that the Bystem, becoming habituated to a 
chronic suppurating surface (as formerly was o>ten 
instituted intentionally by the older surgeons in 
the form of a seton or issue), the bullet might 
assume the action of the oraugewood pea which 
was used at one time to maintain a suppurating 
wound intentionally as a focus of counter irritation 
and thus by nossibility the ball might to a certain 
extent become harmless." 
"This holds out a new hope?" 
"Yes; and in this way a permanent recovery 
might take place." 
trip would nave been different. If either Urs. 
Bliss or Agnew knew anything about such a 
suggestion having been made they never let 
us know anj thing about it. Dr. Agnew and 
myself have been personal friends for years, 
and I am sure if the matter had Deen broached 
I at all he would have informed me of it." 
"Were not six doctors a pretty good numbei 
to attend on one sick man ?" 
"Yes. sir; too many, and the time had to 
come when the question of dispensing with 
some of them must be considered. For in 
stance, if the President had been able to 
be carried to Mentor he would not have 
wished to drag six doctors out there with him. 
I think it was better, however, that we all 
went to Long Branch with him and saw him 
in safety to his destination; then if a re- 
duction of physicians was deemed advisable 
that was the proper place to make the 
change." 
"When was it that you were notified?" 
"On Wednesday evening, the next night af- 
ter our arrival. There was no ill-feeling 
about it, none at all. Mrs. Garfield said that 
the President inquired if it was necessary to 
have six doctors in attendance upon him, and 
it depressed his spirits to see so many physi- 
cians around his bedside. I suggested, my- 
self, on Tuesday, in his room, while we all 
were there, that it was pretty well crowded. 
You see his room at the White House was 
quite large, and the one at the Branch is only 
of ordinary size, so that when we all got into 
the latter it was pretty well filled up." 
"This, then, was one of the causes that 
prompted the action." 
"Doubtless it was. The utmost good feel- 
ing has prevailed among us at all times and 
we could not have received more sincere 
fishes than those coming from Mrs. Garfield. 
The case, as it now stands, does not really 
need so many physicians. There is Dr. Bliss, 
physician in charge, with Dr. Hamilton at 
New York, within a little over an hour's ride 
from the Branch and Dr. Agnew at Phila- 
delphia, not more than a two hours' ride 
away." 
"General, what did you think of the case 
when you left the Branch?" 
"Ilie Piesident bad not recovered from the 
fatigue of the journey when I last saw him, 
so 1 am not able to give an opinion. You see, 
1 left the next morning after the notice was 
given and arrived home Thursday night. 
Since then you have received much later re- 
ports and better ones than any I could give." 
"What is your personal health, General?" 
"Well, I am quite tired. The strain has 
been very heavy on all of the physicians, but 
1 think with a few days' rest I will entirely 
recuperate." 
THE POST- 
WASHINGTON, SEPTEMBER 10, 1881. 
THE WOKS OF THE DOCTORS. 
RraNons for the Kecent Dismissals, 
" hich in TheiuselvesForeshadow 4u- 
other. 
Long Branch, September 9.-The gossips 
are busying themselves of late with the 
President's physicians, when not absorbed in 
discussing the condition of the President 
himself, and particularly with the circumstan- 
ces and significance of the retirement of Drs. 
Barnes, Woodward and Reyburn. And it 
would seem that it is not all gossip that is 
going, or at least not altogether idle gossip. 
It begins to be understood-in fact, it has 
been ascertained, on reasonably good au- 
thority-that the withdrawal, removal, dis- 
missal or whatever it may be called, of these 
gentlemen, was part of a plan. Some folks 
call it a conspiracy, ard s^y that it was deter- 
mined on long before the Piesident left 
Washington. Now it is well known that the 
services of tie three surgeons above 
named were dispensed with at the 
request of Mr. and Mrs. Garfield, 
or reasons best known to themselves. 
There were too many doctors in attendance- 
obviously no necessity for so many. It was 
highly proper that the'number should be cut 
down, and neither the retiring surgeons nor 
the general public have any fault to find with 
the immediate wishes of Mrs. Garfield and 
ihe President. This medical elimination, so 
to speak, was part of the conspiracy never- 
theless. It was also in accordance with the 
wishes of Gen. Swaim, Col. Rockwell and 
Dr. Boynton, who, if all reports be true, are 
chief conspirators, the objective point of 
their machinations being none other than Dr. 
Bliss, and it is a highly symptomatic feature 
of the case that the medical corps, as it now 
stands, is composed of Bliss, Hamilton and 
Agnew-the objective point aforesaid being 
in a minority. The removal of Dr. Bliss 
being successfully manipulated, the con- 
spiracy is to be supplemented by the reinstate- 
ment of Dr. Baxter as family physician of the 
Presidential household. It is argued in sup- 
port of the scheme that Mr. Garfield has so 
far progressed towards convalescence or is so 
rapidly passing the point of danger as to 
stand in little need of any further surgical 
treatment, and that the engagement of Dr. 
Bliss can be safely and appropropriately ter- 
minated. This appears to be the situation 
at present and there is every reason to believe 
that the President himself, though fully ap- 
preciating the services of Dr. Bliss, is now 
uesirous of a transfer to the charge of Dr. 
Baxter, who has hitherto been ruled out of a 
jurisdiction which the conspirators hold he 
was fairly entitled to occupy from the outset, 
and to w hich they have made up their minds 
he shall be restored. This is only a prelimi- 
nary skirmish to the impending war. 
When a Post man called last evening at 
the residence of Surgeon General J. K. Barnes, 
Lnitea States Army, on H-street, that gentle- 
man was found to be lying down and resting, 
his long attendance as one of the physicians 
upon President Garfield having pretty well 
worn him down. He arose, dressed himself, 
and coming down stairs, met the reporter in 
the ball. 
"What can I do for you?" said the doctor, 
extending his hand and giving the scribe a 
friendly grasp. 
"The Post wants to know the circum- 
stances of the withdrawal of yourself and the 
other two physicians from the President's 
case." 
"Well, I do not know that I can tell you a 
great deal about them." 
"Give them, please, as far as you are able." 
"The first inloimation that we received on 
the subject was last Wednesday evening. 
That statement in the Philadelphia Press that 
we bad been requested to withdraw the week 
before and protested against any such course 
is entiiely lalse and must have been circulated 
for malicious purposes. At least I am unable 
to trace it to §ny other cause." 
"The notice to withdraw, then, was not 
alluded to before the President was removed 
to the Branch ?" 
"Not In the slightest manner. If there had 
been any allusion I think the circumstances 
in connection with some of us making the The fact that Dr. Bliss was peculiarly uncom- 
municative to-lay, that Dr. Boynton was equally 
so that Colonel Rockwell and General Swaim had 
fewer cheering words to rrpoat, gave a neglected 
color to the bulletin, the significance of whose 
figures indicated at once that the President's rest 
last night was not good nor was his sleep healthful. 
BAD DBEAMS AND PAIN. 
To state his midnight condition in its mildest 
way would be to say that he had strange dreams, 
whose continuance was not interrupted by his 
passing from sleeping to waking or waking 
to sleep. In the morning he was rather fret- 
ful and feverish. He complained of pain at the 
dressing of the wound. Later he said there 
was a feeling of pain in that part of the body where 
the ball is supposed to be located. The remainder 
of the day passed almost without incident and 
without bringing to light any new phase in the 
patient's condition. He complained of the damp air, 
its coldness and the general discomfort from which 
he could not escape. He ate for breaktast some 
porridge, toast and beef juice, and about noon grat- 
ified his appetite with a mere bit of squirrel meat, 
the fibre of which he rejected. Afterward he dozed 
a little, and while waking looked out upon the dismal 
sea, over which the northeast wind blew in fitful 
gusts, and whose waters were dark and gloomy all 
the day long. Occasionally a sail flitted by, going 
dangerously near the shore, and all day the surf fell 
heavily on the beach with a great deal of noise, 
whose monotonous reverberation became distress- 
ing to the President long before nightfall. 
THE EVENING BULLETIN. 
To distract his own attention he asked that the 
wound be dressed an hour earlier than usual, and 
this was done, although the usual insertion of the 
catheter, the application of the carbblic spray and 
the renewal of strips of court plaster 
were not the long continued features 
of it. The bulletin dated at six o'clock 
was therefore prepared an hour earlier. It gives tho 
official record of the day, therefore, from after nine 
o'clock in the morning during eight hours of the 
twenty-four, whereby no official information is 
provided for during the remaining sixteen hours of 
the day. To-night Dr. Agnew said that tho 
1 President was certainly no worse than he was 
this morning. Dr. Bliss said that he was bet'er 
than at noon. Colonel Rockwell and General Swaim 
said the same thing, in substance, and Dr. Boynton 
tor the first time declined to express his opinions at 
length, remarking simply that he did not agree with 
Dr. Bliss in some things of importance relating to 
the case, but there was, in his judgment, no imme- 
diate danger. 
GENERAL SWAIM CONFIDENT. 
General Swaim gave to a personal friend to-day a 
complete history of the President's case, with the 
reasons why he thought the President would re- 
cover. General Swaim is a graduate in medicine, 
and his statement has a threefold value in 
that it is the story of a friend, a physician and a 
nurse who has been at the President's bedside daily 
for the ten weeks which ended this morning. Ten 
weeks ago this morning ho broke to Mrs. Garfield, 
at the Elberon, the terrible news that 
her hueband had been shot; to-day both 
Mrs. Garfield and General Swaim are con- 
fident of the President's recovery. General 
Swaim's conclusion is that the President has reached 
the bottom, and that he has now commenced to go 
up hill, although his recovery will be long. "He 
will have," said General Swaim, ''his good days and 
his bad days, and to-day was not a good day, but we 
are convinced that his recovery is certain, tedious 
and slow as it will be." 
"Is the President fully aware of his own condi- 
tion?" was asked. "No one more so." General 
Swaim replied. ''He has studied it carefully from 
the beginning, and no one knows better than 
he does what the meaning of pulse, tempera- 
ture and respiration is. The doctors call him 
the most patient patient they ever saw. 
They do not know how intelligent his patience is. 
And they do not know how recently he has made a 
! special study of the very symptoms which in- 
' dicate to the people each day his own 
condition. You remember that when he 
was shot Mrs. Garfield was only just con- 
valescing from an illness which nearly proved 
fatal. During that illness the President went to a 
friend who was a surgeon in intimate relation with 
his family, and wished to be specially instructed as 
to the temperature, pulse and respiration, so that 
when they were taken three times daily he 
could understand what it meant without 
troubling the attending physician, Dr. Boynton, 
and without alarming her. He made a careful study 
of every indication in her case, and when pulse, 
temperature and respiration began to be taken in his 
own case he knew as well as the doctors did what 
they meant, and he has insisted upon having 
an exact report of his condition every 
day. It was some time before the 
surgeons understood how accurate a knowledge of 
his condition these reports conveyed to their patient. 
"The truth is," said General Swaim, ''the President 
has looked upon his own case as an impartial out- 
sider. He, as Mr. Garfield, of Ohio, Xias Deen able 
day by day to tell the condition of the President of 
the United States almost as well as the surgeons of 
that official." 
SSCBETABY WINDOM'S CALL. 
The President having expressed a desire that Mr. 
Windom, Secretary of the Treasury, should 
be the next member of the Cabinet to call 
upon him, the Secretary was in the cottage 
this morning. Mrs. Garfield went to the 
President, and asked him if he was ready to see 
Secretary Windom. ••Certainly," he replied; "tell 
him to come up at once. Wait a moment, Crete; if 
he is not in a hurry please entertain him 
until I take a nap of ten minutes. I feel 
drowsy just now. At the expiration of the 
ime the patient was wide awake, and Secretary 
Windom was ushered into the chamber. The visit 
lasted about five minutes. It was the first time he 
had seen the President since the day he was shot, 
and ho was prepared, from the different stories 
ho had heard, to see an emaciated man. The 
Secretary was a member of the House of Represen- 
tatives with General Garfield years ago, and more 
familiar with his countenance than any member of 
the Cabinet except Secretary Blaine. The wan 
face of the sufferer, with all of the anticipation 
of his real appearance, made a deep impres- 
sion upon him. As ho approached the bedside 
the President extended his hand and gave him a 
most cordial greeting. Mr. Windom, to prevent tha 
President from talking, spoke deliberately of tha 
great desire everybody expressed to see him re- 
stored to health, and assured him, as Attorney 
General MacVeagh had done yesterday, that 
there was not a single matter pending in 
the Treasury Department which he would care to 
bother him with, even if ho was in robust health. 
The only care which was in the department related 
to the anxiety for his recovery; that was the great 
solicitude, and he, in common with all the official* 
under him, thought only of that. 
The President, taking advantage of the lull follow- 
ing these remarks, asked, with some surprise, if the 
Secretary really meant that the funding operations 
were at an end? Mr. Windom replied they were 
entirely closed and exactly in accordance with 
the plan known to the President ten weeks ago, 
when he was shot. This information convinced 
President Garfield that the previous assurance of 
the Secretary was in no way strained to allay his 
solicitude for the success of a measure which it is 
known originated with the President as a means to 
avoid an extra session of Congress. Bidding the 
President goodby, the Cabinet visitor retired, both 
benefited the brief interview. 
AN UNFAVORABLE SYMPTOM. 
The President has had a rise in temperature with 
a corresponding increase of pulse to-night; not 
so great as to cause alarm; but, neverthe- 
less, an unfavorable symptom. The cottage in 
which ho dwells was constructed with the view of 
arresting all dampness. The walls are lined with 
cork, but that does not shut out the damp air. A 
fire is kept burning in the open fireplace 
to warm the air and cause free ventilation. 
The patient's lungs in their weak condition have 
been perceptibly irritated by the change of climate. 
Whether it is or not a metastatic condition it be- 
comes a serious question whether the damp air of 
this locality is, after all, the proper atmospherio 
condition for the patient. The parotid gland is re- 
ported as healing and suppuration becoming less 
day by day. The wound again shows signs of 
granulation and is becoming anew the channel for 
all accumulation of disorder in the blood. It 
has been observed by surgeons that a dry atmos- 
phere is most conducive to a rapid healing of gun- 
shot wounds, and the moisture here may be a 
cause of irritation along the track of the sinus. 
The lack of vitality in the circulatory system still 
occasions at night a disturbed condition of tha 
brain, followed by strange hallucinations, which 
are not noticeable during his wakeful hours. 
BETIBEMENT OF DBS. BABNES, WOODWABD AND BEY- 
BURN. 
The following card is published at the request of 
Dr. Agnew:- 
A statement having been published in reference to 
the retiremeiit of Surgeon General Barnes, Surgeon 
J. J. Woodward and Dr. Robert Reyburn from 
the corps of physicians in attendance on President 
Garfield, which, if allowed to pass unnoticed, is cal- 
culated to reflect injuriously on the professional 
character of those gentlemen. It is stated 
that on the Saturday or Sunday preceding 
the removal of the President to Long Branch 
the President communicated to Dr. Bliss the wish 
that Drs. Barnes, Woodward and Reyburn should 
not accompany him there; that on this information 
being conveyed to these gentlemen the latter 
were reluctant to be lett behind, and in 
order to adjust the matter they appealed to Dr. 
Agnew, who affected a compromise by which Drs. 
Barnes, Woodward and Reyburn were to accompany 
the patient from Washington to Long Branch, and 
that then their connection with the case should cease. 
In answer to these statements I beg leave to say 
that I am entirely Ignorant of any such transac- 
tion, and certainly never was asked to act 
as a referee in the settlement of any 
quest.on of the kind. No one knowing 
the high personal and professional character 
of the three gentlemen in question, would for one 
moment do th m the great injustice to believe that 
they would desire to continue their connection with 
a case after receiving the information purported to 
have been made. D. HAYNES AGNEW, 
new YORK HERALD 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. SUNDAY. SEPTEMBER H. 1881 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J.. Sept. 10-9:40 A. M. 
At the examination of the President at half-past 
eight thia morning the temperature was 99.4, 
the pulse 104, the respiration 18. He slept 
well during the night, awaking only at intervals 
of one-halt to one hour. There is a percepti- 
ble increase of strength, with an improved condi- 
tion of the digestive apparatus. The tumefaction 
of the parotid has entirely disappeared and the sup- 
puration has greatly diminished. The wound con- 
tinues to improve and presents a more healthy ap- 
pearance. D. W. BLISS, 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
[Official.] 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 10-6 P. M. 
At the examination of the President at twelve M 
to-day his temperature was 98 5-10; pulse, 100; 
respiration, 18. 
At half-past five this evening his temperature was 
98 7-10; pulse, 100; respiration, 18. The President 
has taken a greater amount of liquid, with some 
solid food, and with more relish than for several 
days. His general condition is quite as favorable as 
yesterday. D. W. BLIsS, 
erank h. Hamilton. 
SECBETABY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Secretary Blaine sent the following at ten o'clock 
to-night:- 
Lowell, Minister, London:- 
After my despatch of last night the President had 
considerable increase of fever. Indeed, a rise 
of pulse and temperature every night has become 
a significant feature in his ease. Through the 
day, and especially this afternoon, he has grown 
more comfortable. A cold easterly storm has pre- 
vailed since early morning, without evil effect thus 
far on his condition. Secretary Windom had a brief 
interview with the President at noon. He found 
him much reduced in strength, but clear in his 
mind. He asked the Secretary about tho success of 
the refunding of the public debt. 
BLAINE, Secretary. 
HISTOBY OF THE DAY. 
[BY TELEGBAPH TO THE HEBALD. j 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 10, 1881. 
It may be the weather which is bad; it may be 
the ball in the President's body, whose behavior is 
not readily accounted for, if judged by the harm- 
less reputation given to it by Dr. Bliss; it 
may be the surgical fever which had gone 
on for days before the bulletins admitted 
that it existed; it may be the result of blood 
poisoning, of exhaustion, of a weak condition of 
the blood caused by lack of sufficient nutriment; 
it may be any one of these and a hundred ether 
things, of which the newspaper correspondents have 
no knowledge, that is the reason for the President 
being worse to-day than he was yesterday, and not 
so well as he was in the best days in August. Facts 
leak out of the sick room less quickly than they did 
before the services of three of the attending physi- 
cians and one of the nurses were dispensed with, but 
when they do come they are deprived of the vague 
complexion that rumorswear; and, while the bul- 
letins are written in the language of hope, 
the figures that follow, and which form the 
record of the case, point to the fact that 
it is over three weeks since the President was 
reported by the morning bulletins as unfavorably as 
he was in the one this morning. His temperature 
has been higher and his pulse has been higher, but 
there has been no such rise in one night 
of both in the time mentioned. The weather 
has been overclouded and foggy. The wind has 
shifted around the last twelve hours from south- 
west to northeast It is laden with fogs and 
rain, is cold and uncomfortable, and. In fact, 
is almost as disagreeable as on the days 
when it swept across the Jersey sand bur- 
dened with a furnace-like beat. The crowd of 
visitors that has hitherto sought the Elberon were 
reduced in numbers to-day, and the sign requosting- 
strangers not to trespass seemed unnecessary, and 
a mere official vanity of the proprietor himself.  --- 
The President^ Condition. 
There are conflicting reports about the 
condition of the Presidentyesn rday, but our 
own special despatches indicate that the out- 
look was not as encour ging as on the pre- 
vious day. There are many reasons why this 
may have been, but aside from all ethers 
is the very stubborn fact that weather like 
that o/ yesterday always has an undesirable 
influence upon persons with fever or those 
suffering Irom wounds. If the weather be- 
comes fairer to-night or to-morrow, as prob- 
ably it will, it maj' be discovered that yes- 
terday the President was literally "under 
the weather." and evening of about two teaspoonfuls each, with 
milk; in fact, a very light milk punch. He enjoyed 
it .and said it was good, and being further asked 
what else finally said some ouinine, but not much. 
He would have to wait for further developments in 
the case before he could do anything, and he could 
not outline the course of treatment. 
'•If this is an abscess. Doctor, in the lung, could it 
have arisen from blood poisoning?" your corre- 
spondent asked. 
The reply was that all of tno blood poisoning has 
gone out of his system; that, in short, it was 
eliminated some time ago. "The matter that he 
has lifted from the throat came, or at least some of 
It, from the mucus membrane, which is most cer- 
tainly inflamed," said the Doctor, and he con- 
tinued:-"Until the flow of pus from the parotid 
swelling, which had one opening into his mouth, 
had ceased, we could not tell from whence it came. 
That flow has ceased. 1 think that I got a little out 
yesterday; that was the last, however. There is 
now a mucus purient discharge from the mouth. 
There is no pus there." 
The Doctor was then asked what was the nature 
and character of the tissue that came out of the 
parotid gland to-day. He replied by saying it was 
similar to the core of a boil, it would not disfigure 
•the face and it would create some inflammation- 
how much could not now be known. His bowels 
he said were in good condition. To-day he had had 
four passages and there were no signs of any gastric 
disturbances. 
THAT MYSTERIOUS FEVER. 
That strange, mysterious fever which lurked in 
the President's vitals in 'Washington has mani- 
fested itself at Elberon. To attribute it. to malaria 
after the declaration of the bulletin of August 25, 
signed by the six surgeons, would be preposterous. 
That bulletin said:- 
"We are, moreover, unanimously of the opinion 
that at no time since the injury has the President 
exhibited any symptoms of malaria." 
Within the past three days there has been ad- 
ministered to the President fully forty grains of 
quinine to check a malarial fever which Dr. 
Bliss has developed since the arrival at 
Long Bnanch. This would be bad enough 
in the President's debilitated condition, but there 
seems to be no longer any doubt that metastatic 
abscess has formed at the base of the right lung, 
and that just in proportion to the healing of the 
parotid gland, or rather the disappearance of sup- 
puration from that organ, the surgeons have, with 
deepest anxiety, turned their attention to the lungs 
to discover evidences of weakness there. 
LUNG AFFECTION ADMITTED. 
To-day the core of the parotid sloughed off. To- 
day the lung affection is fully admitted. It has 
not come from the track of the ball or 
any sympathetic conduct of the lungs with 
the sinus. It is no longer septicaemia, but 
the first stage of pyaemia poison, and presents 
unmistakable signs of asthenia or great exhaustion. 
Congestion of the lungs is the anticipated result 
from asthenia. Besides the unfavorable bulletins the 
pulse has been between one hundred and thirty and 
one hundred find forty during the last two 
days. A hectic fever has succeeded the 
surgical fever, or rather added its consuming 
fire to the one already consuming the President's 
body. Enemas were discontinued because of weak- 
ness of the bowels, and, as Secretary Blaine tele- 
graphed to Minister Lowell to-night, "his other 
symptoms are not reassuring and his general condi- 
tion gives rise to anxiety." 
AN OMINOUS SILENCE. 
At eleven o'clock the President's cottage had been 
closed two hours, and all cards sent thither to any 
of the household did not reach them and none of 
them had come out. I just met Secretary Lincoln 
on the hotel piazza. He said that he 
had been unable to get any news from 
the President. What he had learned was of [ 
the most discouraging character. "In fact I am 
very downcast," he said. The latest report from 
the sick room was that the President was no worse 
than he was at the time ot the evening bulletin. 
The doses of brandy were being continued. It is 
understood here that no immediate danger is antici- 
pated. Dr. Bliss said, just before he crossed the 
lawn to the cottage, that he did not think that the 
damp air would do any harm to the sufferer's 
lungs. His room was kept at an even temperatfte, 
about 73 degrees. There was a fire kept all the 
time, and although dry weather would be more 
favorable, the fact was that it was not a serious 
cause of apprehension. The results ot to-night are 
awaited with deep apprehension and anxiety. 
THE NEW COMPLICATION. 
Dr. Pancoast, the eminent Philadelphia surgeon 
who it was reported yesterday was to be asked 
to join the surgical staff, is stopping at the West 
End Hotel. He denied that he was to be called 
into the case as a consulting physician. He had, at 
least, no information of such a purpose. 
"Doctor," I asked him to-night, "what do you 
think of the new complication?" 
The surgeon was very prompt and. decided In his 
reply:-"It is a very serious thing. I have feared 
some such development for some time." 
"Is it iu the nature of metastatic abscess?" 
"Clearly," he replied. 
"And it has jumped from the cheek to the lung?" 
I asked. 
"Yes, that is it," he answered. "The cause is the 
same-a pymmic state of the blood. That has been 
evident to my mind for some time." 
"Is this necessarily a fatal symptom?" 
"No, not necessarily. It can be tapped and run 
off just as iu the case of the parotid gland, but of 
course it adds a new and serious complication." 
"The removal does not seem, then, to have suc- 
ceeded in removing the poison from the blood?" I 
said. 
"No, not yet, at least," he replied. "That was of 
course the object. The moisture was dangerous in 
some directions, but they felt justified in taking the 
risk. The case had become too chronic to make 
lockjaw a very likely complication." 
"Doctor, what will be the possible cause of devel- 
opment in this new trouble?" I asked. 
"The lung affected will, of course, be disturbed and 
the other lung will suffer more or less out of sym- 
pathy. Respiration will be more difficult. You 
see it is affected already. Then the pain of the 
swelling, the fever aud the operation o? tapping 
will be exhausting and very dangerous to a man in 
his condition." 
"Will the abscess develop much by to-morrow? * 
"They sometimes develop very rapidly," he said. 
"Probably in a day or two it will assume marked 
proportions and characteristics." 
"In brief, then, you regard the new complication 
as very serious?" 
"Unquestionably," he said, "the situation is 
critical." 
NOT A BESTFUL NIGHT. 
As the bulletin of this morning says the President 
did not have such a restful night as his physicians 
earnestly desired. He slept fairly until midnight, 
aud after that was wakeful hours at a time. The 
traumatic or surgical fever hung on longer during 
the night and the pulse was much higher. In the 
early hours of morning, however, the sufferer got 
some rest out of very weariness, and the sleep 
thus induced lasted on until his pulse got down to 
104, at which figure it was quoted at the morning 
examination. He ate well, finding enough 
breaklast in the chapped up breast of 
two reed nirds and a piece of toast half the size of 
one's two fingers. Quite enough to. satisfy an appe- 
tite that had been forming nearly eight hours. 
His temperature was then 98.8, a more favorable 
showing than on yesterday. It is true the pulse 
was at the same figure, but the respiration was 19, 
indicating thereby a lung trouble, the beginning of 
a new complication. The bulletin was, of course, ' 
read with deepest interest. Already people here 
have come to understand the figures, aud discuss 
them with an intelligent interee.t. 
SUBPBISSD AND SHOCKED. 
The bulletin was not posted, until about the break- 
fast hour. Before that hour the Hebald had ar- 
rived with its ominous head lines over the despatch 
from Lona Branch and everybody was greatly sur- 
prised and shocked, the more so as the other papers , 
gave a most encouraging view of what was really a 
serious situation. But there was the danger signal 
in Secretary Blaine's despatch and the sad truth that 
was told had then to be accepted. Tne figures and 
the tone of the morning bulletin confirmed the 
story and everybody waited with anxiety to hear the 
next report from the sick room. At noon the tem- 
perature had increased and the pulse was not quite 
so steady. Out of this condition! of things the best 
that could be said ot the President was that he was 
holding his own very well, but perhaps not mending 
any. 
DISTINGUISHED VISITOBB. 
Early this morning Collector Biobertson and 
Chauncey M. Depew came down to- the Elberon. 
They saw General Swaim and Attorney General Mac- 
Veagh, the former a source of the most hopeful 
news that can be wrought out of th® situation, the 
other inclined to place the chances In the balance of 
his naturally judicial mind, and, as a result, to 
take a depressive view. When Air. Depew had re- 
ceived information from both of these gentlemen I 
asked him what impression he had obtained of the 
President's condition and was it such as to lead him 
to think that he would get well. He said that his 
visit to the Branch was to obtain some definite im- 
pression. Re had succeeded in doing so. He 
thought that the President would get well. The 
Collector said he had just come down to spend Sun- 
day and get a breath of ocean air, and that in his 
visit there was not the least political significance. 
He would avail himself to talk with the Secretary of 
the Treasury while here. 
Carl Schurz, Mr. G-eorge W. Childs and Thomas 
Murphy, Colonel Alexander K. McClure and the 
members of the Cabinet, of course, were among 
those who called at the Elberon to-day to obtain 
direct news from the sick chamber. 
FAVOBABLE WEATHER-CABINET VISITS SUSPENDED 
The weather has been delightfully clear and pleas- 
ant. In the morning it was overcast, but long be- 
fore noon the wind, although to the eastward, drove 
NEW YORK HERALD 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. MONDAY. SEPTEMBER 12. 1881. 
[Official.] . 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 11-9 A. M. 
At the examination ot. the President at half-past 
eight A. M. his temperature was 98.8; pulse, 104; 
respiration 19. Ue was more restless and the febrile 
rise was later than on the preceding night. He con- 
tinues to take sufficient nourishment without gas- 
trio disturbance. D. W. BLISS, 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 11-6 P. M. 
The President has passed a quiet day, although 
the temperature has been somewhat higher and his 
pulse more frequent than during the previous 
twenty-four hours. At the evening dressing quite a 
large slough of connective tissue was removed from 
the region of the parotid. He continues to take a 
Sufficient quantity of nourishment and enjoys it. 
At the noon examination the ten perature was 100, 
pulse 110, respiration 20. At the evening dressing 
his temperature was 100.6, pu se 110, respiration 20. 
' D. W. BLIsS, 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
SECRETARY BLAINE TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Secretary Blaine sent the following at halt-past 
ten o'clock:- 
"Elberon, Sept. 11, 1881. 
•'To Lowell, Minister, London:- 
"The President had an increase of fever last night, 
snd was very restless untii five o'clock A. M. Dur- 
ing the day he has been somewhat better, but his 
pulse, temperature and respiration have been higher 
for the entire twenty-four hours than on any pre- 
ceding day since he reached Long Branch. His 
other symptoms are not reassuring, and his general 
condition gives rise to anxiety. 
"BLAINE, Secretary.* 
A DAY OF FOREBODINGS. 
[EY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD. I 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. IL 1881. 
The President's lungs remain the source of serious 
apprehension amid all the complications of the 
case. The impression prevails that the abscess 
which has formed there is beginning to assert itself, 
and it is said that very soon the danger will take 
such a form as to force the doctors to admit it, or it 
will pass away altogether. In other words the situ- 
ttion is such that in a day or two the anxiety will 
be relieved or the fears now entertained reach 
a sure foundation in acknowledged facts, 
as the expression is. Dr. Bliss says he 
does not think there is any great danger 
to be apprehended from this source. Dr. Agnew 
is sternly uncommunicative, but thinks the patient 
is improving now, and when Dr. Hamilton left he 
saw no signs of trouble that looked like a danger 
signal. Dr. Boynton, who has always answered 
every question asked him concerning the President's 
condition, refuses to speak in detail about the lungs. 
"How are they?" I asked him to-day. 
"About the same as on yesterday," he answered. 
"Do you think there is abcess there?" 
"I would rather not speak on that subject," he 
replied. 
"Will you say there is no abcess, then?" 
"No, I will not. I won't say anything more than 
to tell you that the lungs are the seat ot great 
trouble now." 
LUNG TROUBLE ASSERTING ITSELF. 
Dr. Bliss in an interview with a Herald corre- 
spondent said to-night that lung trouble had in- 
deed asserted itself, although its character had not 
been defined. He said, further, that the-fluctuations 
of his condition yesterday were more frequent than 
to-day, and there were indications o>f the trouble 
then. The general tone and manner of the Doctoi 
did not appear cheerful, but rather so as to imbu< 
his listeners with the belief that he himselt wa 
rather gloomy. He did not Know, he said, whethe 
there was an abscess formed in the lungs or not 
If there was it would be a formidable symptom i 
his case. The respiratory murmur had been hear 
very clearly except over the right lung and low do w 
almost near the region of the liver. 
Being asked about the treatment he said the Pres 
<dent had taken three doses of brandy this afternoo off the clouds, and the sun shone bright and 
warm. In the afternoon -the wind was 
fresher. The President said it was a 
little cold and the window was closed. It 
hadfbeen arranged that the Cabinet should see the 
President one by one ana one a day until they had 
all seen him. This fact was mentioned in these 
despatches on Friday, and the visit of the Attorney 
General was chronicled as being the first of the 
series. Secretary Windom saw the President yester- 
day, but to-day, when the Secretary of War went 
down to Elberon early in the morning, ready to 
take his turn, it was decided not to admit him, be- 
cause the President's condition was not favorable. 
When the Cabinet's visits will be resumed, if at all, 
is not now known. 
A DEPRESSING BULLETIN. 
The evening bulletin is a very depressing one. 
That it would be so was indicated early in the day, 
when reports of the rising temperature and more 
frequent pulse began to be heard in the Elberon 
Hotel. General Grant, who called at the hotel dur- 
ing the day and saw Dr. Bliss, received from him a 
rather encouraging report of the patient. He was 
told that the President was holding his own and 
possibly gaining a little strength, but it was also 
impressed upon him that there were dangers yet to 
be put aside and that convalesence was not right 
at hand. General Swaim said after the examination 
to-night that he did not entertain fears because of the 
figures in the bulletin which are so portentous. 
He was asked if the high respiration indicated a 
trouble in the lungs, and he thought not. There 
might be some trouble, but it had not shown itself 
as yet. The sloughing off of the tissue of the paro- 
tid gland was only wnat had been deemed likely to 
happen days ago. It might disfigure the face a I 
little, hut it did not give any pain token. All in all 
the President, he said, was in just as good a condi- 
tion to-night as he was yesterday. It was suggested 
that his condition was pretty bad yesterday, and 
the General said he thought the President was out 
of danger. 
NO UNFAVORABLE REPORTS. 
It is pretty well understood here, especially by 
those whose business it is to learn what the exact 
condition of the President is, that the doctors and 
those about the sick room have arranged to make 
no unfavorable reports, unless the reason for them 
should be so great that the ordinary reports, such as 
"progressing well,'' "doing nicely,'* "very encour- 
aging," "favorable symptoms all round,'' would no 
longer serve. The report of his actual condition 
last night, therefore, as given in these despatches, 
was not obtained from the doctors, but from those 
to whom they communicated their forebodings and 
honest apprehensions. 
DB. BOYNTON'S OPINION. 
I had a brief conversation this afternoon with Dr. 
Boynton in regard to the President's condition. He 
was very guarded in his utterances and not inclined 
to be communicative. In nis opinion the President 
was not so well to-day as two days ago, but while he 
had not recovered from rhe depressing effects of the 
rainstorm yesterday, the Doctor did not think he 
had lost any ground. Ho certainly had not gained 
any. Dr. Boynton attributed the recurrence of the bad 
symptoms yesterday to the stormy weather. He also 
said it was one of the President's periodical spells. 
The Doctor further stated that the wound was doing 
well enough, the discharge being satisfactory both 
as to quantity and quality; that the bed sores were 
less troublesome and appeared to be healing, and 
that the abscess under the President's arm was dis- 
appearing. "Notwithstanding all these good symp- 
toms," said Dr. Boynton as he was about to return 
to the cottage containing the patient, "the Presi- 
dent continues to be a very weak man," adding with 
a significant gesture, "and there he lies; that's all 
you can say about him." 
CABINET OFFICERS TO REMAIN. 
The Cabinet has given up the projected trip to the 
White Mountains and the members will remain right 
here until the end. Arrangements are being made 
to facilitate the transmission of business between 
the departments at Dong Branch. 
At midnight that long wanted and long looked for 
blessing, a thunder storm, reached here. It w'lll 
further purify the air, which the physicians say is 
at least in the President's favor if he is to have an 
abeess in the lung. 
Secretary Lincoln has rented Mr. John McGiuniss' 
cottage, near the President's, and will live hero un- 
til there is no longer any doubt in the President's 
case. 
It is reported that the President has been given 
thirty to forty grains of quinine within the last 
twenty-four hours, the object being to drive out the 
malaria which lurks in his system. 
Another Change for the Worse. 
The condition of President Garfield has 
once more given rise to the gravest anx- 
iety. Secretary Blaine, whose despatches 
to Minister Loweil have for some time been 
regarded as more reliable in giving the 
whole facts about the case than the bulle- 
tins of the doctors, telegraphed at half-past 
ten last evening that a bad day had suc- 
ceeded a restless, feverish night, and 
that the outlook at that hour was 
the reverse of reassuring. It seems unac- 
countable that the attending physicians 
should allow the nation to receive ac- 
curate knowledge in. this indirect way. 
"Conservative surgery" is the term the 
doctors have applied, with something of 
pride to the treatment, and the bulletins 
have been conservative with a vengeance. 
Although the morning and evening bul- 
letins said not a word about the dreaded 
lung trouble there is no doubt at all 
that the grave complication which 
gives such uneasiness is a pul- 
monary onn. This evasion is hard to 
explain. If a trouble is developing in the ; 
lungs of whose precise charact 'r the doctors 
are yet uncertain the symptoms as well 
as the uncertainty should be vouch- 
safed to us. Seventy-one days have 
elapsed since the President received his 
wound, and we know that the heroic pa- 
tient's condition must be so low that a 
feather's weight of circumstance might 
turn the balance against him. We do not 
expect miracles from the surgeons; but the 
whole nation is interested in knowing the 
truth. Their reticence certainly appeases 
no anxiety. NEW YORK HERALD 
existing that tnere is any. The evidences of blood 
poisoning are also disappearing. The man himself 
. shows indications of being better. The wound is 
better. The trouble with his face is disappearing. 
In fact, with the exception of a trifling suppuration 
in the immediate vicinity of the parotid gland, there 
is nothing in that once serious feature of his case 
to give ground tor apprehension. 
THE WOUND HEALING. 
To-night Dr. Biiss, explaining that he has been 
careful not to say hitherto that the wound wa< heal- 
. ing from the location of the ball outwardly, now 
says h-at (the sinus is healing beyond doubt and 
that the catheter did not penetrate more than nine 
inches to-night. Further than that the instrument 
used this evening was very much smaller in circum- 
ference, and a real effort was made to insert it 
further, but the obstruction was so stubborn that 
it could not go bevond the distance named. Dr. 
Agnew and he examined in the vicinity of the ball 
to-day for the purpose of ascertaining if there were 
evidences of complications. There were absolutely 
no signs of a pus cavity, and the irresistible conclu- 
sion they reached to-night was a proof of the cor- 
rectness of their previous impressions that the ball 
had become encysted ana that from it no further 
trouble was to be expected. 
THE MIND AND STOMACH. 
To-night Dr. Bliss made an admission which, al- 
though previously published in the Herald, was 
never allowed by him in his answers to the most 
direct questions. He said that to-day for the first 
time in a good while the President has shown no 
signs of a wandering mental condition. Good 
news does indeed travel fast, and Dr. Bliss 
is the light winged Mercury who excells 
all others in bearing it. The stomach, too, of 
the President remains in good condition, and now, 
for the first time in his sickness after the relapse of 
the 15th of August, his physicians report every 
symptom favorable. 
QUININE AND BRANDY. 
Reference has been made in these despatches for 
the last two days to the amount of quinine that has 
been administered. Ou one day it reached nearly 
thirty grains. That was on Saturday, its adminis- 
tration since then has been couxinaad, and to- 
day in less quantities, and so too have the 
doses of the brandy. To-day he has had a dram- 
no apothecary's measure-but what might be 
called "a pony" every tour hours. The latter 
has been taken in toothsome milk punches and the 
President likes it. The milk, however, is especially 
rich, and the brandy beyond dispute very good, so 
that he likes it is no wonder. But the question 
coming naturally to the notice of those who alone 
can definitely answer to what extent has this con- 
siderable stimulation tided the President over the 
last difficulty that he is believed to be escaping 
from, finds answers in the most general terms:-It 
helped him; it is still necessary; it is a legitimate 
part of the treatment; it is the proper thing 
to do under the circumstance; it is a 
support to other necessary aid applied; but 
in all this answering one must find some food for 
consideration, remembering that on every emer- 
gency hitherto the same treatment by stimulation 
has been resorted to and invariably with the most 
encouraging results in the immediate symptoms. It 
is thought now that there is no ground for thinking 
that the patient will experience reaction, but the 
bulletins are of the day as the reports are, and in 
the history of the case are to be found the only 
facts upon, which can be predicated the hopes of to- 
morrow. 
UNMISTAKABLY BETTER. 
To-night, however, the patient is unmistakably 
better than he lias been since Thursday, although 
between five o'clock, at wnich hour the examina- 
tion was made on which the bulletin is issued bear- 
ing date of six o'clock, the pulse ran up from 100 to 
108. There are other features in the record. To- 
day, for the second time this week, the respiration 
ran up to 20, and there were signs of a midday 
fever. This would seem to point to a trouble in the 
lungs in which the evening's report does not con 
cur. But more important than that, as a serious 
phase of the case, it tells of fluctuations in the pa- 
tient's condition. 
INTEREST IN OUTSIDE MATTERS. 
He has eaten well to-day, has had bouillon, read 
birds, toast and milk and above all has been cheer- 
ful. From his window he can look out upon the 
sea. He counted the vessels in sight, admired the 
flash of sunshine on the water and complained of 
the window being closed, but in that protest without 
avail. 
On the lawn that stretches a distance of two hun- 
dred feet from the cottage to the beak of the sandy 
slope that goes down to the surf a sentry passes 
night and day. 
"To-day," said Colonel Rockwell, "he saw the sen- 
try standing with arms folded facing toward the 
window and apparently gazing into it. Immediately 
he brought his hand to his forehead in the manner 
of a regul tion military salute and laughed almost 
gleefully.at this little suggestion of his own experi- 
ence as a soldier." 
Beyond this little incident there are no authentic 
reports of small affairs of either speech or action 
to-day. The sick chamber stories that partook of 
the nature cf those told most and appreciated best 
over hot corn, sweet cider and hickory nuts are be- 
coming distressingly tew nowadays. 
VISITS FROM CABINET OFFICERS. 
The President was so well to-day that he saw two 
members of his Cabinet, and they were so well 
pleased that, feeling they could do him no good and 
perhaps could do themselves some, they loft for the 
White Mountains. Postmaster General James was 
the first to see him. He came into the room intend- 
ing to say only a few words of sympathy. The 
President detained him, however, to ask him 
how much money he saved this year, and 
was pleased to hear that the expenses were 
being reduced and the star route men were 
going to the wall, sure. The Postmaster General 
and his wife at once got ready with their trunks to 
go to the mountains, and, Mr. James, having his 
hay fever all ready, they were enabled to leave with- 
out delay. Secretary Windom went on the same 
train. Attorney General MacVeagh accompanied 
them to New York. 
Secretary Hunt, who was ready to go, remained 
behind to see the President, who had asked that he 
be brought in. The Secretary of the Navy was 
much gratified by finding the President so 
much more cheerful and brighter than he had 
expected. He did not stay long, but he spoke 
casually of matters of state, and, as the Postmaster 
General had done, assured the President no public 
interest was suffering. 
SECRETARY BLAINE ENCOURAGED. 
Secretary Blaine bad a short conversation with Dr. 
Agnew about two o'clock to-day, in Private Secretary 
Brown's cottage, and then started off toward the 
President's cottage to say goodby to Mrs. Garfield 
and give her words of sympathy and cheer. 1 asked 
him what information he got regarding the Presi- 
dent's condition to-day. 
"Oh, 1 understand that there has been an ame- 
lioration in all his symptoms," he replied. 
"How do you feel about it yourse.f?" 
"Much more encouraged than when I sent my 
somewhat gloomy despatch of last evening." 
"Mr. Secretary, I understand you are going 
away ?" 
"Yes; I am going to take Mrs. Blaine to Maine, 
but won't be gone over two or three days." 
"Will you see the President before jou leave?" 
"No, I don't think I shall. I will probably see him 
on my return." 
"What will we do about your evening despatches. 
The public will look for them." 
"1 have just arranged that with Dr. Agnew. He 
and Dr. Hamilton will send them in my absence." 
DR. BOYNTON'S OPINION. 
Dr. Boynton came out ot Francklyn Cottage about 
half-past twelve o'clock to-day to get his dinner at 
the Elberon. In conversation he said he thought 
the President was better to-day than yesterday or 
the day before, but his general symptoms were not 
so favorable as on Friday, which was probably the 
best day the President has had since his arrival 
here. Dr. Boynton does not regard the President's 
recent symptoms as a relapse, but as something to 
be expected in a patient suffering from blood poison. 
The present lung complication would, in his 
opinion, probably pass away. What they had most 
to fear was the formation of other abscesses. 
At eleven o'clock the President was reported as 
having slept one hour ana a half, and although his 
pulse was somewhat irregular its fluctuations did 
not indicate any surprising disturbance. 
In order to give the President an entirely unob- 
structed view of the ocean a portion of the balus- 
trade on the balcony upon which his room opens 
was removed to-day. The work was done without 
any none and at the President's own request. He 
said he liked to look out upon the ocean and see the 
ships go by. 
The squirrel sent to the President by two little 
girls or Granite Station, Pa., was to-day forwarded 
to the Executive Mansion, Washington. The Presi- 
dent was touched by the incident, and said the 
squirrel should not be killed. He sent it to Wash- 
ington as a keepsake for his children. The animal 
was a pet, and the two little girls had sacrificed it 
for the benefit of the President, as they had heard 
he liked squirrel soup. 
To-night Dr. Hamilton returned. He saw the 
President, but said afterward that he had not been 
long enough with him to say anything of his con- 
dition. 
General Grant sent a message of inquiry to the 
doctors that was favorably responded to. 
The President Better. 
All the reports from Long Branch indi- 
cate a gratiiying improvement in the Presi- 
dent's condition. The change from the 
depression of Sunday to a feeling almost 
of buoyancy yesterday among the doctors 
and members of the Cabinet was 
as marked as any amelioration no- 
ticeable in the sick room. The parotid 
swelling ceases to give pain or anxiety; 
the wound is said to be unmistakably heal- 
ing; no abscess is discernible in the vicinity 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PBbPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK, TUESDAY. SIP^EMBER 13. 1881. 
[Official.] 
Elbebon, Ji. J., Sept. 12-9 A. M. 
The President passed an unusually good night, 
his sleep being uninterrupted except .occasionally 
to enable him to take nourishment. The suppura- 
tion from the parotid gland has almost entirely 
ceased, and the opening from which the pus dis- 
charged is rapidly healing. The cough is less and 
the expectoration materially diminished. The tem- 
perature is 98.4, the pulse 100 and the respiration 18. 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
D. W. BLISS. 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 12-6 P. M. 
The President has experienced since the issuance 
of the morning bulletin further amelioration of 
symptoms. He has been able to take an ample 
amount of food without discomfort, and has had 
several refreshing naps. At the noon examination 
the temperature was 99.2; pulse, 106; respiration, 
20. At half-past five P. M. the temperature was 
98.6; pulse, 100; respiration, 18. 
D. W. BLIsS. 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
DESPATCHES TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 12, 1881. 
Secretary Blaine sent the following at halt-past 
two o'clock;- 
•'Lowell, Minister, London:- 
"The President slept well last night and his condi- 
tion to-day is more comfortable and more favorable. 
During my absence for a short time Dr. Agnew and 
Dr. Hamilton will send you a daily report. 
"BLAINE, Secretary." 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 12-10 P. M. 
The following cable was sent to-night;- 
Lowell, Minister, Loudon:- 
In the absence of Mr. Blaine the attending physi- 
cians have requested me to inform you of the 
President's condition. He has during the day 
eaten sufficient food with relish and has enjoyed 
at intervals refreshing sleep. His wound and the 
incisions made by the surgeons ail look better. The 
parotid gland has ceased suppuration and may be 
considered aS substantially well. ^He has exhibited 
more than his usual cheerfulness of spirits; his 
temperature and respiration are now normal and 
his pulse is less frequent and firmer than at the 
same hour last evening. Notwithstanding these 
favorable symptoms the condition of the lower part 
of the right lung will continue to be a source of 
anxiety for some days to come. MacVEAGH. 
ENCOURAGING Nl WS. 
|BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD.! 
Long Branch, Sept. 12, 1881. 
The President is so much improved to-night over 
his condition of twenty-four hours ago that there is 
nothing but encouraging news to repeat. Last 
night Dr. Bliss, himself the most cheerl ul of men 
and always an optimist in the case, was so gloomy 
that he would not talk about it. To-night he is so 
hopeful that time is too short to repeat the words 
of cheer that he ha's to utter. Dr. Agnew, too, who 
is ordinarily sternly silent and uncommunicative, 
indorses Dr. Bliss, and even the usually gloomy 
Attorney General speaks in a way he 
has not done since the 20th of July. 
But after all the news of the day applies to the day 
only, and being good news it is soon told. It does 
not include the saying that the President has passed 
a critical point, nor does it imply much more than 
that it applies to the sufferer's present comfort 
rather (han to his steady improvement. 
NO LUNG TROUBLE. 
But there is much to say that is really favorable. 
Atie doctors now believe and all but positively state 
that there is no lung trouble. In doing this they 
explain that the area of flat sound on the right 
side and low down over the lobe of tne 
lung has not extended. There is no increase of the 
production of pus in the matter raised from the 
throat, such as there would be it there existed a pus 
cavity in the lung, and there is not a symptom now or tne ban; tne lungs are said to be not 
longer a grave danger. But the unknown 
still claims its large margin, and the most 
hopeful hesitate to build too surely on the । 
noted improvement. That the Cabinet have 
left Long Branch in various directions for 
a few days indicates plainly the belief that ' 
there is no immediate danger of a fatal 
result in the opinion of the physicians. 
Let us be thankful so far. Side by side 
with the gloomy thought of a nation's chief 
fighting earnestly tor lite come little touches 
of humanity like the present of a school- 
girl's pet to help, if may be, with its little 
life the President on his road to recovery. 
While the prison closes on the rash soldier 
who tried to take the life of the assassin, 
which is .kept grimly safe for justice, the 
weary President-a prisoner-gazes out 
upon the ships passing by on the broad, free 
ocean. NEW YORK HERALD 
I "The President was not disturbed as much to-day 
when he was lifted as he is any day that his wound 
is dressed. There is nothing to give cause to the 
belief that be has materially improved since yes- 
terday. The history of all such cases is that 
chronic blood poisoning knows just such breaks 
i and changes, and," concludes Dr. Boynton, "the 
fact is beyond dispute that the President has a 
metastic abscess on his right lung, and when it 
goes from there no one knows where it will appear 
- next. 
UNDOUBTEDDY BETTER. 
Still, Dr. Boynton thought the President showed a 
Blight improvement and was undoubtedly better 
than on any day since last Thursday. He said he 
was satisfied with the condition of things 
at present and expected the President to get well, 
but did not by any means consider him 
convalescent, and would not until he was 
out of danger, from which the President was far 
from being now. It seems to be reasonably well 
supported that the President is in all appearances 
slightly better than he was yesterday. But the 
doses of brandy are continued, a "pony" every four 
hours since Saturday morning, and the quinine, in 
doses of about ten grains a day, are maintained with 
all their stimulating effect. 
DR. BLISS VERY CHEERFUL. 
Dr. Bliss is very cheerful to-night. He said in his 
evening talk: - 
"I think there is an increase of fat tissue. That 
would be the best possible sign, of course. When 
he begins to deposit fat that is a con- 
dition that will be marked very quick. My 
impression now is that there is a little 
increase. His face is better and his lines of expres- 
sion are firmer. We are rid of the suppurating gland; • 
bhe wound is granulating; there is nothing offen- 
sive about it. It is a healthy sore. We were care- 
ful to prevent it from healing too rapidly, so as to 
be certain that it will heal from the bottom. 
LUNGS IN GOOD CONDITION. 
"The lungs are now in good condition. The kid- 
neys are perfectly natural. I have made an analysis 
twice since we have been here, and their operation 
is entirely normal. The analysis showed no albu- 
men. The digestive organs are perfect. The liver 
performs its natural functions." 
"Is there likely to be any other complication?" 
the Doctor was asked. 
"Lightning might strike him," was the reply. "It 
is not reasonable to expect any complication and 
we ought not to expect it. It seems that the blood 
poison is eliminated. The sore is as natural as it 
could be on anybody. It is evidence that there is 
no taint in the blood. The blood is normal because 
it provides its own repair. But I do not expect 
that the repair will be very rapid." 
THE DRAIN OF THE WOUND. 
"Is the demand for the drain of the wound too 
much for the system to supply?" 
"The discharge is not so great as to tax 
him beyond his capacity to supply it. 
He ought to sustain himself well and keep 
up the pus supply without trouble. 
You will find that General Barnum has very nearly 
as great a pus discharge as the President has. I 
have examined him several times; yet he is a strong, 
vigorous man, whom no one would suspect of hav- 
ing a wound entirely through his body which has 
been discharging for fifteen years. 
VOICE IMPROVED. 
"The President's voice is very much Improved. 
He speaks more firmly. He talks more. We do not 
restrain him now from talking. He does not grow 
as weary as he did. The second day after he began 
to improve he asked to be placed in his re- 
clining chair. Yesterday I promised him 
that he might try the chair and he 
I sent for us this morning and reminded us of the 
promise. He was just thirty minutes in the chair 
when he said:-'I do not want to overdo this,' 
and asked to be removed to his bed. 
He did not complain of fatigue. His pulse 
and temperature were not increased by the 
change. Possibly the pulse may have been four 
beats in the minute faster. During that time he 
looked out upon the ocean. This was the first 
time since he was shot that he has made 
such a change. In Washington he never 
thought of it. He had never been up as straight as 
he was to-day. He was very comfortable in his 
room. The temperature was about seventy-five. 
We had no fire until night." 
THE DESIRE FOB FOOD. 
"Does he have much desire tor solid food?" 
"He does not have what you would call a fair 
appetite, because we are constantly feeding him. 
He relishes his food more in the morning because 
he does not have so much eating during the night. 
Last night he had eight tablespoontuls of milk and 
in it three tablespoonfuls of old brandy. During the 
day he is fed on beef extract. He takes it as )t is 
given him, but not with great appetite. He does not 
have a chance to get hungry." 
"Do you expect any change in his condition when 
these stimulants are withheld?" 
"No, we ao not look for that. He has had to-day 
nine grains of quinine administered by supposito- 
ries. That is equal to about eight grains taken by 
the mouth. We give this as a tonic in small doses."" I 
REFRESHING SLEEP. 
Perhaps one of the most significant signs Of the 
President's condition is found in a statement made 
by Dr. Bliss this evening when he said:- 
"The President has continually complained 
since he was shot of being so weary, so 
tired. He would say, 'Have I slept any 
since I was shot? It seems to me 
as though I have not. I do not remember sleeping. 
When did I sleep?' 
"Now he expresses himself as somewhat refreshed 
by his naps and begins to realize that he does get 
some refreshing sleep." 
CONCERNED ABOUT HIS LUNGS. 
The President is himself concerned about his 
lungs, much more so than Dr. Bliss. He said to one 
of his confidential attendants this forenoon :- 
"What do you think of the condition of my lungs? 
Somewhat alarming, isn't it?" 
He was assured that the trouble with these organs 
had created considerable anxiety at first, but now it 
appeared to be passing away and gave no further un- 
easiuess. The complication was under control and 
would soon disappear and bis lungs would be all 
right again. The President pondered over the mat- 
ter in his mind some time and showed the conclu- 
sion he had reached in the remark:- 
■"We've got a long contract, haven't we?" 
A reassuring reply was given, but it was plain to 
be seen that the patient realized his serious con- 
dition and felt that recovery was a good distance off. 
FOND OF THE OCEAN. 
As is well known, the President is a great lover 
of the sea, and when a lad was ambitious 
to be a sailor. His bed is now so arranged 
that he can look out upon the ocean from 
the two windows of his room on the east 
and South. His knowledge Of nautical affairs is 
rather extensive, and he takes a pardonable pride in 
displaying it to his attendants while he lies 
helpless on his back looking across the deep 
blue sea. General Swaim has several times 
attempted in a joking way to puzzle him 
about passing vessels as to their character, 
course, &c., but he invariably found the President 
better informed on such matters than himself. He 
seems to take particular delight in watching the 
fishing smacks that come within his points of ob- 
servation and commenting upon their movements. 
His knowledge of the points of the compass is per- 
fect, and he never makes a mistake in telling the 
direction taken by the vessel in sight. 
Further evidence of the pyaimic condition of the 
patient's blood was shown to-day by the necessity 
of opening five pus boils on the back and from each 
of which exuded a small quantity of purulent mat- 
ter. They were not fever or bed sores, but such 
formations as are developed by a septic state of the 
blood. 
Dr. Agnew left this morning, but will return to- 
morrow. Dr. Hamilton fills his place, and will re- 
main until Friday after he comes back. 
The day has been a delightful one, the wind blow- 
ing fresh and pure from off the sea and the sky free 
from clouds. 
Half an Hour in a Chair. 
Every particle of hope within reach in 
the President's case should be gratefully re- 
ceived. The news that at his own request 
he was placed in an invalid chair yesterday, 
though only for half an hour, will rejoice 
millions. We cannot tell whether this is a 
sign of permanent improvement, for the 
grave symptoms still linger and with little 
amelioration; but it tells of anenjoyable half 
hour, perhaps the first since the 2d of July. 
The lung trouble has not asserted itself for- 
midably ; the gland has almost ceased sup- 
purating ; the deep wound improves ; his 
voice is stronger ; his face shows less wast- 
ing. All these are crumbs of comfort. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1881. 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 13-8:30 A. M. 
At the examination of the President at eight A. M. 
to-day the temperature was 99.4, the pulse 100 and 
the respiration 20. He passed a comfortable night, 
Sleeping most of the time, and on the whole his 
condition this morning is encouraging and gives 
promise of a good day. 
D. W. BLISS. 
frank h. Hamilton. 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 13-6 P. M. 
At the examination of the President at twelve M. 
to-day the temperature was 98 8-10, pulse 100 and 
respiration 20. 
At the evening dressing, at half-past five P. M.,the 
temperature was 98 4-10, pulse 100, and respiration 
20. 
The President was placed in a semi-recumbent po- 
sition upon an invalid chair at eleven A. M., and 
remained one half hour without fatigue or discom- 
fort. The wounds are making the usual favorable 
progress, and his general condition is reassuring. 
D. W. BLISS. 
FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
DESPATCH TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 13, 1881. 
The following was sent to-night:- 
Lowell, Minister, London:- 
There has been no material change in the Presi- 
dent's condition during the last twenty-four hours. 
He was moved at his own request this forenoon 
from his bed to an extension chair, on which he re- 
mained for half an hour, and he has been less in- 
clined to drowsiness during the day than usual. The 
weather is now very favorable, and the physicians 
think they discover signs of a slight improvement 
in his symptoms. They expect him to pass a very 
comfortable night. MACVEAGH. 
STILT, ANOTHER FAVORABLE DAY. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD. [ 
Long Branch, Sept. 13, 1881. 
The President has been at Elberon one week. To- 
day he was removed to an invalid's chair for a short 
time, the upper portion of his body being slightly 
elevated. The removal was effected by six men lift- 
ing him in a sheet and putting him on the invalid's 
chair. He was placed in a position commanding a 
full view of the ocean. When first transferred from 
his bed to the invalid chair he complained of a 
weariness in his hips, but this was speedily reme- 
died by placing a pillow under him. His condition 
would not allow any but a recumbent position. He 
said he enjoyed the change and that he experienced 
relief from it, but as it was only an experiment it 
was not thought wise to keep him over half an 
hour. 
CHEERFUL AND CHATTY. 
The President was particularly cheerful and 
chatty this morning, and talked a great deal to Mrs. 
Garfield and her brother-in-law, Mr. C. O. Rockwell, 
who happened to be the only persons with 
him at the time. The progress of his two 
sons, Harry and James, who have just entered 
Williams College, was the main subject of 
his conversation. He seemed particularly anxious to 
know how they had acquitted themselves at the 
preliminary examination, how they liked the col- 
lege and the instructors and how they had borne 
themselves so far, and, in fact, wanted to know all 
about them. It so happened that letters had been 
received this morning from them and their tutor. 
Dr. Hawkes, and so Mrs. Garfield was able 
to give him much of the desired information. 
He learned in some way that the letters had been 
received, and insisted that they should be read to 
him, which was done by Mrs. Garfield, the Presi- 
uent commenting upon their contents as she read. 
He showed a deep interest in the education of his 
sons, and seemed to be satisfied from what he heard 
that they were making good progress in their 
studies. 
REGARDED AS BETTER. 
The President is regarded by the doctors as a trifle 
better than ho was yesterday. But in this case, as 
In every other in which acknowledged blood ooison 
or pysemia exists, there is no reason to believe that 
any permanent good has accrued. Says Dr. Boynton 
to-night: - to allow his name to be used, explaining with an 
appreciable professional pride that he would not 
like to be criticise 1 in print or the condition of his 
patient commented upon in cold type were the 
President under his care. "But," he adds, "I be- 
lieve that you will see the President get better and 
better for several days at a time and then get 
worse. 
SIGNIFICANCE pF THE FLUCTUATIONS. 
"His improvement maybe not great in the first in- 
stance, nor may his docline be considerable, but by 
the frequency of those fluctuations rather than their 
extent are the warnings, not to listen to which and 
note is to be deaf and blind to all the teach- 
ings of medical and surgical science. Let no 
one mistake the fact that such coughs as these are 
the proof that in weeks tho President has made and 
maintained no progress toward health. Heis just 
as sick as ever and every day decreases tho chances 
of h^s getting well. To make only a little progress 
to-day and loso it to-morrow is bad enough, but to 
stand still and make none at all is worse, andit costs 
just one day's strength to hold the ground to-day 
that was gained yesterday." 
MACVEAGH GLOOMY-BLISS HOPEFUL. 
It is safe to say that no one more than Attorney 
General Wayne MacVeagh has sought to form an 
honest and fair judgment of the President's case 
day by day. To-night he speaks in rather 
a gloomy vein, and says in substance, 
if not in as many words, that there is 
more to be hoped for in the future than can be jus- 
tified by the situation of affairs to-day. Dr. Bliss 
is to-night, as he always is-hopeful. He rarely 
says a discouraging thing, and when he does it is 
only when the conditions arc such that he cannot 
speak a word of hope. To-night he rather avoids 
conversation, but says that all in all the President 
is no worse, and possibly a little better, than he was 
yesterday. He thinks, so he says, that the 
President has gained a little strength. The 
febrile rise is at most trifling, he explains, and 
really he believes that the' lungs are better. Fur- 
ther than that the President has eaten part of a ripe, 
juicy peach, breakfasted, lunched, dined and supped 
on yellow legged snipe and milk and toast. Not that 
he ate like a harvest hand, but he ate with a relish 
and seemed to be gratifying a natural and healthy 
appetite. 
IN HIS INVALID CHAIR AGAIN. 
Further than that, the President sat up nearly an 
hour and a half. As a matter of fact the inclination 
of his chair was only as much as would be formed., 
for the patient by placing one pillow under his 
shoulders and two under his head. Every time his 
wound is dressed Colonel Rockwell, General 
Swaim, C. O. Rockwell (there are two Rock- 
wells and they are not relatives) and Dr. Boynton 
standing at the four corners of his bed take', hold 
of the sheet, and stretching it out, lift tho President 
clean off the bed so that the mattress may be drawn 
from under him and another and fresh one bo 
placed in its stead. In doing this there is more 
movement about of the sufferer than when he is 
lifted into the reclining chair. To-day he slept in 
the chair, slept quite a little, and awoke to find him- 
self in his bed again. 
SPECIFIC REPORTS CHEERFUL. 
The specific reports from the chamber are by no 
means without their cheer, too. For instance, the 
face is bettor-indeed, is all but well. The lungs, 
so the report goes, are better, too. The wound is 
better, the stomach is better, and the general tone 
of the patient is improved. 
Seeing General Swaim and Colonel Rockwell sniff- 
ing the salt air from the sea while they sat on the 
pavilion this evening, I joined them. They were ad- 
miring some clever sketches of the scones attending 
the removal of the President from the White House 
in a pictorial paper. General Swaim was rather 
dissatisfied with his own likeness, he ex- 
plained, and did not approve of the ex- 
actness of portraiture with which Colonel 
Rockwell was favored. These points being 
discussed, he said that if the impression prevailed, 
as he understood it did in some circles, that the 
President was stimulated to the verge of intoxica- 
tion, it was not true. In thirty-six hours, said the 
General, he has had no brandy nor other liquor. 
He has, however, had some quinine. The General 
said further that the lung trouble seemed 
to be diminishing to-day,- and that wh]e 
the' President voided a good deal of mucous 
matter from his lungs or throat be did it 
easier than hitherto and without any pain. The 
quantity was larger than ever before. 
At half-past nine to-night the cottages were closed 
and the President had then been asleep for some 
little time and reports from tho sick room were that 
a very favorable night was expected. 
Dr. Agnew and his family arrived to-day. 
Secretary Lincoln leaves for Rye Beach early in the 
morning, to join his family. 
Secretary Lincoln saw the President this morn- 
ing. Ho only saw him for a few minutes, and he 
says that he is really encouraged to find him so 
cheerful. 
While the Attorney General was 'framing his de- 
spatch to Minister Lowell to-night he said that he 
believed there was no change, but the case continued 
to be one of great gravity. 
' The photographers have been let loose on the Presi- 
dent's cottage, and to-day there were four of them 
at work upon it from as many different points of 
perspective. 
Attorney General MacVeagh was to have attended 
the dinner of the Aztec Club to-day at George W. 
Child's place, on the outskirts of Philadelphia. He 
was afraid to leave Elberon, however. 
Mr. John Walter, the liberal member of Parlia- 
ment and owner of the London Times; General 
Grant, General Horace Porter, Mr. G. W. Childs and 
Newton Walter called before seven o'clock to in- 
quire about tho President as they drove to the train; 
dr. boynton's' opinion of the president's 
CONDITION AND PROSPECTS OF RECOVERY. 
Long Branch, Sept. 14, 1881. 
Dr. Boynton was met by a reporter to-night, and 
the following dialogue ensued:- 
"Doctor, how do you account for the high pulse, 
temperature and respiration in the evening bulle- 
tin?" 
"The figures are no higher than they have been 
tor weeks at night." 
"The bulletins havn't indicated it." 
"Probably not, but the usual febrile rise always 
increases the pulse and temperature more or less, 
you know, and >rben at its height for weeks past the 
pulse has run up to 120." 
"Do you understan I then that the febrile rise 
came on earlier to-night?" 
"It appears so. The bulletin indicates it." 
"How is the President to-day?" 
••About the same as yesterday." 
"No better?" 
"No." 
"No worse?" 
"No." 
"Is there no change?" 
"I should say not. I think he has remained sta- 
tionary to-day." 
"Has he recovered entirely from the set back of 
Sunday last?" 
"I don't consider that he has gotten back to the 
point where he was the Friday before." 
"You still think the change was beneficial, I pre- 
sumed" 
"Oh, yes. This atmosphere is good for him. I 
doubt if he would have survived in Washington." 
"Do you think it is any effort to him to recline in 
his chair?" 
"I do not think he suffers so much fatigue from 
his removal as he does from one of the regular 
dressings of bis wound." 
"It is somewhat similar to being moved from one 
bed to another, I suppose?" 
"Yes, but it is a change, and beneficial on that ac- 
count." 
"There are no new complications?" 
"No indications of any." 
"How is the patient's sleep now?" 
"He slqeps plenty. In tact he always has." 
"Is his sleep here more natural than it was in 
Washington?" 
"Possibly a little." 
THE MIND TROUBLE. 
"Is he troubled any more with his mind upon 
awakening?" 
"Yes; he is not always perfectly clear upon 
awakening from a sound sleep. That trouble does 
not change materially, owing to the weakened condi- I 
tion of the brain. So long as the brain is not so 
well nourished of course it cannot perform its work 
so well as if it was properly supplied with nourish- 
ment." 
"You consider that there are no indications of new 
complications to-night, I understand?" 
"That is my opinion. There are no more indica- 
tions of further complications to-ni"ht than there 
were last night, and there has been no set back, 
while, on the other hand, there has been no gain." 
CONDITION OF THE RIGHT LUNG. 
"Doctor, what is your exact opinion to-night re- 
garding the affection of the patient's right lung?" 
"I am not officially connected with the case, 
and what I say must not be considered 
as in any way reflecting the opinions of' the 
surgeons in charge. In my opinion the President 
is now suffering from the effects of chronic 
blood poisoning, and has what is known as a 
metastatic abscess in the lower portion of the right 
lung. This abscess is not a very recent complica- 
tion, but made its appearance some days before he 
was removed from Washington. He was ex- 
pectorating pus from it l prior to his removal 
from Washington and still continues to do so. His 
condition continues critical because the state of his 
blood is such that similar abscesses are liable to 
form either in his lungs or other vital organs. There 
are good reasons, however, for hoping that such 
will not be the case. The improved condition of 
the original wound, the healing of the subcutaneous 
abscesses over the different portions of the body 
and the slight improvement in his general condition ' 
are indications that he is making better blood. 
Just in proportion as the blood improves 
in quantity and quality will the liability to further 
complications diminish. Another favorable indica- 
tion in his case is that the febrile rise comes on 
later and does not continue as long as heretofore. 
NEW YORK HERALD 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1881. 
(Official.) 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 14-9 A. M. 
At the examination of the President at half-past 
eight this morning tho temperature was 98.4; I 
the pulse, 100; the respiration, 19. He passed the 
night comfortably, sleeping sufficiently. He is 
bright and cheerful this morning, and has taken 
fruits and his first meal for the day with relish. 
D. W. BLISS. 
frank h. Hamilton. 
[Official.] 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 14-G:30 P. M. 
At the examination of the President at twelve M. 
to-day his temperature was 98 8-10; pulse, 104; 
respiration, 20. At the evening dressing, at half- 
past five o'clock, the temperature was 99 2-10; pulse, 
112; .respiration, 21. The President was placed on 
the invalid chair, in a semi-recumbent position, 
about twelve M., and remained one hour and a half, 
sleeping a part of the time. He was not fatigued by 
the transfer or change of position, and his general 
condition this evening is as favorable as usual, not- 
withstanding a slight febrile rise. 
D. W. BLISS, 
FRANK H. HAMILTON, 
d. hayes agnew. 
DESPATCH TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Elberon, Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 12, 1881. 
The following was sent to-night:- 
Lowell, Minister, London:- 
There is an increase this evening in the President's 
temperature, pulse and respiration, but it is so 
slight as not necessarily to indicate that the condi- 
tion of the blood is producing any new complica- 
tions. The trouble in the right lung is not increas- 
ing, and is causing him less annoyance. He has 
taken adequate nourishment and his sleep has been 
natural and refreshing; so that, if he has gained 
nothing, he has probably lost nothing during the 
day. MACVEAGH. 
A DAY THAT DID NOT END SO WELL. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD. ] 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 14, 1881. 
Good news is soon told, but to-day the good re- 
port ends with the evening bulletin and leaves one 
to wonder when the traumatic fever is to have an 
end and to ask when is the end to be? To-night ; 
there is a recurrence of the fever. In fact it begun - 
to-day shortly after noon, and it continues at the 
time of writing these despatches. The pulse is up 
to 112; the temperature is quite high for the 
President's feeble condition, and tho respira- 
tion at 21 has reached a figure it has 
not known for many days. Notwithstanding 
these uortentous facts there are yet some words of 
cheer to be repeated. The readers of the Herald 
readily understand that the fever of to-day is but a 
continuation of the same symptoms whose appear- 
ance hitherto has been the cause of forebodings of 
ill which no cheerful words could quiet. 
In explaining the high figures in the bulle- 
tin to night one of the attending surgeons 
said that they appeared only because 
the examination took place at the time of the 
regular febrile rise which came every day. "If that 
is a cause for alarm with the public," said he, "then 
they will be alarmed many times in the future." 
He fully admitted the existence of bloo 1 poisoning 
and said it would be some time before there would 
be any definite knowledge on which to calculate the 
President's chances. 
a physician's view of the febrile rise. 
It is not thought likely that the febrile rise of this 
evening is due to the movement which occurred to- 
day. la tact, there is every assurance that 
such causes do not produce that dangerous and mys- 
terious result. Rather is it thought that the pyaomic 
condition of the circulatory system, which is caused 
by the unhealthy wound and the suppurating 
gland, is to blame, and the blood 
poisoning, that, like Banquo's ghost, will 
not down, is the seat of trouble. This presentation 
of the case is not a mere speculation, but the opin- 
ion of a physician who has watched the ease closely 
and who three days ago prophesied such a state as 
the President has now entered upon. He declines This nightly febrile rise is still a marked feature 
in his case. For weeks his pulse has risen 
at some period of the night-generally at 
about midnight-to 120. Toward morning it begins 
to decrease in frequency, and by seven A. M. the 
temperature and pulse reach the point indicated in 
the bulletins. The sea air is undoubtedly doing 
much for him, and should no further troubles arise 
I his prospects for final recovery are good." 
S!je Wnsljtwgfow fJost. 
PUBLISHED EVERY DAY IN THE YEAR. 
WASHINGTON. SEPTEMBER 14, 1881. 
DR. WOODWARD SATISFIED. 
Jie Cause lor Complaint-No Opinion as 
to the President's Condition. 
A Post representative called on Dr. J. J. 
Woodward last evening and asked him what 
he thought of the President's condition. 
"1 know no more of it man anybody else," 
replied the doctor; "all my information comes 
from The Post. Long Branch is tne place 
for news now. I have not seen the President 
since last Wednesday." 
"Was there anything the matter with the 
President's lungs when you last saw him?" 
"That I prefer to express no opinion about. 
I really have no opinion to offer on the sub- 
ject, except the hope that the patient will re- 
cover." 
"And your belief " 
"I have said all I care to say about it." 
"Was your retirement and that of Drs. 
Barnes and Heyburn due to any machina- 
tions of cdttain gentlemen near the President, 
alluded to in some of the papers as the 
'kitchen cabinet?' " 
"I am not aware of anything of the kind." 
"Was there any tiling unusual or disagreea- 
ble about your retirement?" 
"Nothing. It was simply an ordinary case 
of a patient choosing, or, in this instance, de- 
creasing the number of his medical advisers. 
Everybody has that right and no one has any 
business to complaiu. We .were notified of 
the desirability of the reduction in the kindest 
and most courteous manner and the change 
was made without any hard feeling. Surgeon- 
General Barnes, in ah interview published in 
The Post recently, said all there is to say on 
the subject, andl'have nothing to add to it." NEW YORK HERALD 
in the usual place and the crowd gathered around 
to discover the reason why it had been belated. 
There was one admission in it that might have been 
put in every morning bulletin for seven weeks past, 
and that was that tho pulse was high during the 
night. It rose to 120, without the usual fever. 
Buch an admission as was made this morning was 
exceptional, as those who remember the tenor of the 
morning bulletins can recall. But that did not ex- 
plain the delay. 
DIFFERENCES AMONG THE SURGEONS. 
Later in the day it was ascertained that after the 
morning dressing of the wound, when the outline 
of the bulletin was being prepared by Dr. Bliss, 
Drs. Agnew and Hamilton expressed the opinion 
that the time had arrived when what they had 
recognized in the consultation room for weeks 
should be made known to the public-first, that the 
President had septicromia, or chronic blood poison, 
and, second, that they should no longer conceal the 
fact that the traumatic, or surgical fever, recurred 
once in twenty-four hours, causing at times alarm- 
ing symptoms, but which to those Intimate with 
the President were fully expected. Drs. Agnew 
and Hamilton talked the matter over last night and 
were therefore of oue mind this morning. Dr. 
Bliss had not heard of such an intention, though he 
half suspected it when he read Attorney General 
MacVeagh's despatch to Minister Lowell to the 
effect that there was nothing to indicate that the 
condition of the blood was producing any new com- 
plications. As Mr. MacVeagh derives his informa- 
tion trom Drs. Agnew and Hamilton it was apparent 
that they were beginning to admit outside the con- 
sultation room that blood poison did exist and bad 
been the cause of past and existing complications. 
The issue had to be made and this was a good time 
to settle it. 
DR. BLISS PROTESTS. 
Dr. Bliss earnestly and emphatically protested 
against making a public confession which would 
deny the statements he had so frequently made that 
the blood of the President was as "pure as that 
of a child, as pure as that of any man 
in health." Drs. Agnew and Hamilton were 
firm, and no longer having the unite 1 opposition of 
Drs. B irnes and Wood ward and Heyburn with that 
of Dr. Bliss to overrule their suggestions, it was 
certain that they were going to have their way for 
the first time since they came into the case. It re- 
quired time to hear argument, and the reason why 
Dr. Bliss couldn't concur. AU the effect it had was 
to consume time. 
It will be recalled that since the arrival here Dr. 
Agnew published a card showing that the Washing- 
ton physicians whose services were dispensed with 
were not summarily removed from tho case. Dr. 
Bliss was asked to sign it, but as he thought they 
were he declined. That was a personal matter, and 
perhaps one of opinion, but the question to-day af- 
fected his relation to the case. The bulletin was to 
be signed by three physicians or there would only 
be one left to sign the next bulletin. Finally about 
ten o'clock the names of the three were attached to 
the draft, which was subsequently telegraphed to 
New York. 
ALARM CREATED AND ALLAYED. 
The language of the bulletin this morning, which 
tol I of two hours restlessness and a pulse of 120, 
gave rise naturally enough to some alarm here, and 
tho fact that it was a novel appearance in tin bulle- 
tin at least brought the doctors to the necessity of 
answering no end of questions. This they did by 
saying that the wakefulness fo.Jowed a longer 
period of profound sleep than the President had 
known since he was shot, and that he 
was of course very wakeful afterward. When 
he woke up he was very wide awake 
and remained so, and tossing about in his bed his 
pulse got higher. This is one explanation of the 
rise, and it is asserted by those having good medical 
knowledge to be correct as applying perhaps to the 
immediate results. There was no considerable 
febrile rise at this time, but indications of it, and 
the waketulness and rising pulse were only the nat- 
ural result of the septiciemic poison in the sufferer's 
blood. 
FLUCTUATIONS OF THE PULSE EXPLAINED. 
One of the physicians explains this in an inter- 
view when he says such fluctuations of the pulse, 
sometimes accompauied by the fever, and fewer 
times without, may be looked for until the 
blood entirely eliminates the poison with which 
it is now charged. I asked how long that 
might be. He said that my question changed the 
character of his reply from fact to speculation, but 
he thought it likely enough that if serious compli- 
cation did not ensue the patient might be clear of 
blood poison in four or five weeks. Until then he 
could not enter upon a state of convalescence. The 
rapidity with which the blood throws off tho poison 
depends entirely upon the behavior of the stomach 
in assimilating food. He was free to ad- 
mit that the stomach was not carrying out 
its digestive duties very well, although it was 
really doing better ■within the last few days. He de- 
clined to say that the patient, if a little better now 
than he was on the day of his arrival, was better 
than he was at any time since the relapse of Saturday 
and Saturday night last. "At any rate," he said 
closing that part of the interview which he was will 
iug should be published, "the gain since we came 
here has not been as considerable as we had hoped." 
To-day the President was put in the Invalid's 
chair and left there three-quarters of an hour. 
Before that he had some beef juice, ate some pieces 
of reed bird, had some milk, and in tact ate more in 
the course of the day than he has done since Friday. 
THE LUNG TROUBLE. 
To-day Dr. Boynton reiterated his certainty that 
there is a pus cavity in the lungs. He said that 
pus had been coming from it before the patient left 
Washington. He said also that the Presidout had 
taken brandy for several days without inter- 
mission, and was taking it to-day; that he still had 
hallucinations such as he had had for the past ten 
days, and small quantities of opium were given as a 
narcotic. 
■WHAT THE DOCTORS SAY. 
Dr. Hamilton considers the President in as favor- 
able a condition to-night as he was last night. 
Dr. Agnew said, in conversation on the President's 
case to-night, that he considered the cessation of the 
perspiration, which has been a very unfavorable 
symptom in the President's case, one of the best 
signs yet developed. He also remarked that there is 
a febrile rise to-night, but it is so slight that no im- 
portance is attached to it. 
Dr. Boynton said this evening that it was impossi- 
ble to tell how long it would take for the President 
to eliminate the blood poison from his system, as it 
depends entirely on how fast the patient makes 
blood. He thought the lung trouble had been im- 
proving ever since the departure from Washington. 
The cough had been at times very severe and 
exhaustive, but it was more free and less ex- 
haustive now. The lung, he thought, is not 
growing worse, but is, in all probability, now 
repairing. In answer to a question the Doctor 
stated there was no indication of trouble except in 
the right lung. There is no treatment for such 
cases beyond keeping up the strength of the patient. 
Nature has to do the work of repair. 
General Swaim stated that the President had fullr 
maintained all ho had yesterday, and is in as 
good condition this evening as he was last, with 
probably a little gain in strength. 
Mrs. Edson arrived here to-day on a visit, 
Dr. Bliss went up to New York on the forenoon 
train, returning at live o'clock. 
To-day a number of presents were received, among 
them a handsome wheeling chair, no end of flowers, 
a beautiful dressing gown and a night cloak for use 
in the dim light of the sick chamber. 
All the attending surgeons retired before ten 
o'clock to-night, and the two cottages occupied by 
the President's family and attendants were closed 
before eleven. At last accounts the President was 
resting comfortably and quietly, with good pros- 
pects of having a quiet night. 
The "cranks" have made their appearance to-day. 
One of them came from Massachusetts. He brought 
a small vial of fish oil, which he said he had been 
squeezing out of 10,000 small, rare fish that didn't 
have much oil in them anyway, but its curative 
powers w^rc undoubted, and it it was poured into 
the wound within six days the President would be 
walking around. 
To-night a wild easterly storm is blowing. The 
people are deserting the Branch by hundreds and 
the end of the season is evidently at hand. The 
cold sea air does not reach the President, however, 
who, shut in his cork-lined room, with a bright tire 
of hickory logs blazing brightly on the hearth, es- 
capes the discomforts that attend those on the 
shore not so comfortably housed. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PKOPR IETOR. 
NEW YORK, FRIDAY. SEPTEMBER 16, 1881. 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 15-9 A. M. 
At the morning dressing at hall-past eight to-day, 
the President's temperature was 98.4; pulse, 100; 
respiration, 20. He passed the night comfortably. 
Bleeping till three A. M., when he was wakeful for a 
period of two hours, during which time the pulse 
rose to 120, but without tho marked elevation of 
temperature which has characterized the febrile dis- 
turbance hl^etofore. After this time he slept until 
morning. More nourishment was given during the 
night than for several nights past. In reviewing 
the case of the President since his arrival at Long 
Branch, it may be said that In spite of the various 
■eptic accidents which have for several weeks and 
do still complicate his case he has certainly not 
retrograded, but on the contrary has made some 
progress toward convalescence. 
D. W. BLISS, 
FRANK H. HAMILTON, 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
[Official.] 
E .bebon, N. J., Sept. 15-6 P. M. 
The President has passed a quiet day, sleeping a 
little. He has coughed occasionally, tho expectora-' 
tiou being less purulent. A great variety of nour- 
ishment has been taken without discomfort. He 
was placed upon the invalid chair and remained 
forty-five minutes in a position a little more elevated 
than on previous occasions. At twelve M. to-day 
his temperature was 98 9-10; pulse, 102; respiration, 
21. At the evening dressing, half-past five o'clock, 
tho temperature was 99 2-10; pulse, 104; respira- 
tion, 21. 
D. HAYES AGNEW, 
D. W. BLISS, 
FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
DESPATCH TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 15, 1881. 
The following was sent to-night:- 
Lowell, London:- 
The President's condition does not appear to have 
undergone any material change to-day, all his symp- 
toms continuing substantially the same as yester- 
day, except that the expectoration from the right 
lung has been rather less difficult and less profuse. 
Ho is still very weak, and as this weakness is due to 
the condition of the blood while it continues grave 
anxiety must also continue. MACVEAGH. 
AN UNEVENTFUL DAY. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD. I 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 15, 1881. 
The news of the day is soon told. It records no 
Change in the President's condition, and for once 
the bulletins have more to toll than the newspaper 
correspondents can gather. By reading the morn- 
ing bulletin, in which comparative reference is 
made to the situation when the President came to 
Elberon, one can see how important an ad- 
mission has been mado by the doctors. They speak 
of the various septic accidents which have for 
several weeks complicated and still complicate the 
case. Although for some time past the fact that 
blood poison did exist had been repeatedly asserted 
in the columns of the Herald, and as regularly de- 
nied by at least some of the attending physicians, 
now the official statements appear that blood poi- 
soning has prevailed for several weeks. As a matter 
of fact it began to assert itself on the 22d of July, 
just two days before the first operation was per- 
formed by opening the pus cavity below the point of 
entrance of tho ball. It was reported in these ae- 
spatches from Washington, and at intervals since 
then its progress has been faithfully noted. 
DELAY IN THE MORNING BULLETIN. 
"Ten o'clock and no bulletin 1" was the natural ex- 
clamation of the hundreds who gathered about the 
bulletin board at the West End this morning. "What 
does it mean? Has any explanation been given ior 
the delay? Is it another pus cavity with rigors and 
sweats?" A score of such remarks were heard in 
the halls and on tho portico of the hotel, for such a 
delay had never occurred before in the history of 
the case except on that eventful Saturday, the end of 
the third week after the President was shot, when 
tne bulletin was two hours behind time. Shortly 
alter ten o'clock the official document was posted NEW YORK HERALD 
MAKING THE FACTS KNOWN. 
As it was indicated in the Herald some days ago 
the public have received in the last four bulletins 
issued fuller details ot the President's condition. 
Yesterday tho septic condition of the blood was 
spoken of; to-day tho state of the lungs is indicated, 
and to-night we are told of the febrile rise at noon. 
The presentation of these facts in tho bulletins 
should not lead any one to suppose that for the 
reason they appear there the President's condition 
is more grave than it has been for some time known 
to tho physicians. The lung trouble existed 
before he left Washington, the septic state of 
the blood was known before the 1st day 
of August, the bed sores came before the first day ot 
September and tho hallucinations and day dreams 
were the outcome of the relapse ot the 25th of 
August and have never disappeared since. The fact 
that the pulse has been so variable, if not noted in 
the official report, is not a new thing, for as a mat- 
ter of tact, and based upon the authority given by 
a physician in the case, it has ranged nearer 120 
than 100 tor tho last twenty days. The febrile 
rise last night was not so marked as 
hitherto, but there was a recurrence of 
the sweat, although not nearly so marked as hith- 
erto. The cough made more trouble thau hitherto, 
and tho character o£ the matter expectorated was 
more purulent. 
SIGNAL OF DANGER. 
At the morning dressing the wound was not dis- 
charging such au abundant nor so healthy a charac- 
ter o' pcs. ibis has hitherto been the unfailing 
signal of danger. The morning was a most uncom- 
fortable one tor the patient. He was peevish and 
fretful, and his pulse went up to 120 beats and a 
fever came that continued several hours. 
He was not put in his easy chair as 
usual, and this fretted him. "Do you think 
I am worse?" he asked impatiently, but they 
quieted him saying that it was perhaps not best 
that he sit up every day. The fever went down in 
the afternoon ami the pulse fell under the in- 
fluence of increased stimulants. This stimulant 
was brandy, as hitherto. Only a little more than a 
"pony" wa- given and the time between adminis- 
tering it was reduced to three hours instead ot tour. 
THE EVENING BULLETIN. 
The evening bulletin was not ^uch as to 
allay apprehension. In fact it was almost 
1 as depressing as th® morning report. Dr. 
Boynton, in an interview after it had 
been issued said in answer to my questions that the 
pulse reached 120 during tho day, but went down 
under the influence of tho stimulants. 
"What are the condition of the bed sores. Doc- 
tor?" 
"They are not bad, but there are two or three of 
them on tae lower part of the back. They appeared 
before he left Washington, but they were so well 
treated that they disappeared. They are sup- 
purating a little of course, but the drain upon 
the system by reason of them is trifling. His mind 
still wanders. I don't think his lungs are either 
better or worse. The discharge of pus from the 
wound is more unhealthy than it has ever been. I 
do not expect a bad night, but really there is no way 
to speculate upon whut any twenty-four hours will 
bring forth. I am not in any apprehension of the 
immediate future." 
INTERVIEW WITH DB. BOYNTON. 
I had the following further and more extended 
conversation with Dr. Boynton this evening:- 
"In what respects is the President not as well to- 
day ?" 
"There has been a general letting down of the 
vital forces; he has had an increased sense ot weak- 
ness; his pulse has been unusually variable, indi- 
cating weakness of the whole system and of the 
heart in particular; his mind has not seemed as 
bright as usual and he has not cared to leave his 
bed." 
"How about the wound?" 
"It has not looked as well to-day, the discharge 
scanty and sanious-that is, thin-and bloody. I 
don't like that feature in the case at ail." 
"Has his lung troubled him much?" 
"Well, yes, a good deal. He has ha,d paroxysms 
of coughing that rack him pretty severely. At tho 
end of a paroxysm he raises more or less pus." 
"They don't think of tapping the lung?" 
"Oh, no. He couldn't stand any sneh operation, 
and there is no excuse for it as long as he can pump 
up the matter by coughing." 
THE TBEATMENT. 
"Has anything been done for him to-day more 
ihan usual?" 
"He has had more stimulants thin usual and 
more food." 
"Does he really eat much?" 
"Oh, yes, a considerable quantity. It would keep 
a well man alive and more too. He assimilates 
enough to snstain him, but not enough to build 
him up." 
"Are there evidences of blood poisoning in his 
appearance?" 
"His face does not show it much, but there are 
the characteristic spots or discolorations on various 
parts of his body." 
"How are they treating the Wound?" 
| "Same as usual; wash it out with a weak solution 
| of permanganate of potash." 
A TERBIBLE GRIP ON HIM. 
In conclusion Dr. Boynton said:-"I realize more 
and more every day that this blood, poisoning has 
got a terrible grip on him. From a medical stand- 
point the chances arc certainly against him." 
•'There has been great anxiety to-day, both here 
and in the cities," I remarked. 
"Well, he hasn't been as well to-day, and of course 
everybody knows that ho cannot lose much and sur- 
vive. Still,'he has been better tins afternoon. Pos- 
sibly, also, the public hasn't got used to the fuller 
details in the bulletins yet. I believe they are going 
to try to come somewhere nearer the truth after 
this," he said, with a smile. 
SLIGHTLY STAMPEDED. 
Indeed, it is possible that we were all slightly 
stampeded to-day by the statements contained in 
the morning bulletin. The sad faot remains, how- 
ever, that after a residence here of nearly two weeks 
the President's chances of recovery are as ninety- 
nine to one against him. To sum up, he has made 
no perceptible gain in strength or weight; the 
wound has done well in appearance only, not in fact; 
fever still worries and consumes him; septicrem a, 
to use the mild term, is officially admitted; a pul- 
monary abscess exists, and the prime cause or 
causes of these destructive conditions and complica- 
tions are still in operation. In opposition to this 
i formidable array are set an unconquerable will and 
a splendid constitution. 
NO IMPROVEMENT AT ELEVEN O'CLOCK. 
At eleven o'clock the President's condition is not 
such as to inspire the hope of a favorable bulletin 
to-morrow morning. The fluctuations of the pulse 
and temperature indicate py®mic trouble. There is 
fear that along the track of the wound made by the 
ball beyond whore the catheter enters there is 
an obstruction similar to the one which 
sloughed away about four weeks ago, and which 
prevented a thorough exploration oi the wound 
near tho distal end of the sinus. Obstructed pus 
has probably added to the septic condition of the 
circulating system, andthis portion of the wound has 
not been reached by the anti-septic dressing. There 
is, besides, the fear that the symptoms are so grave 
that it has warranted the surgeons in announcing 
in their official bulletins such statements as wiil be 
readily understood by the medical fraternity 
throughout the country. To tho public it would 
mean that there is no reasonable hope of tho Presi- 
dent surviving the complications which now exist. 
As Dr. Hamilton said to-day, those who know the 
symptons will make no mistake as to what t^ay in- 
dicate. 
DR. BLISS' PRESENT VIEW OF THE CASE-THE 
PRESIDENT A LITTLE WORSE. 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 1G, 1881. 
The following are the most prominent points of 
an extended interview with Dr. Bliss, which took 
place at nine o'clock to-night;- 
"How is the President to-night, Doctor?" 
"There has been very little, tf any, change. The 
discharge from tho wound lo-night is no more than 
it was this morning, and it cannot be said to be 
better." 
"Has there been any blood discharged with the 
pus?" 
Yes; there was a clot of blood came away with the 
discharge to-night, which may have colored it 
601114" 
"Do you consider that the condition of tho blood 
is worse than it has been?" 
"It has evidences of being more intense now than 
for several days past." 
"How do you ascertain that faot?" 
"The symptoms indicate it." 
"Has there been any material change since noon?" 
"There was a febrile rise from eleven o'clock until 
two. From two P. M. until six he was compara- 
tively comfortable and his pulse did not vary more 
than two or three beats per .minute. At six o'clock, 
while we were preparing the evening bulletin, i 
another rise occurred, which still continues, and 
what it will amount to or how serious it will be I 
cannot now predict." 
THE PATIENT'S MIND. 
"How is the patient's mind?" 
"Well, he is troubled somewhat in that respect, 
but if you ask him a question ho will answer it." 
As an instance of his clearness ot mind the Doctor 
illustrated how he took tho evening temperature 
and said he remarked to Colonel Swaim, when the 
thermometer had been standing nine minutes, that 
ho could not get the temperature above the normal 
range, whereupon'the President said: - 
"Well, sir, you have only one minute more." 
"How do you know that?" inquired the Doctor. 
The President pointed to the gas clock which was 
received from the Boston children yesterday, indi- 
cating that he had had his mind concentrated upon 
the time the Doctor commenced taking tho 
temperature and had followed the minutes cor- 
rectly. The Doctor said that while he was with the 
President to-day he made use of an expression 
which seemed to indicate that his mind was wan- 
dering a little and that Dr. Hamilton also stated this 
evening that ho had noticed a similar remark dur- 
ing the time he was with the President. 
WEARY AND TIBED. 
"Does the President complain of weariness?" was 
asked. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON EENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW yORK_SATURDAT SI PTOIBHMT 188L 
(Official.) 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 16-9 A. M. 
At the examination of the President at half-past 
eight this morning the temperature was 98 6-10; 
pulse, lOi; respiration, 21. The febrile rise during 
the night was not as pronounced as it usually has 
been. There was at times considerable acceleration 
of pulse. He, however, slept comparatively well, 
and took stimulant and nourishment as directed. 
The cough was somewhat more troublesome during 
the first part of the night and the expectoration 
rather more purulent. The discharge from the 
wound is less abundant and not quite as healthy iu 
appearance. The pulse, however, has more volume 
and his general condition does not seem to have 
materially changed in any respect. 
D. W. BLISS. 
ERANK H. HAMILTON. 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 16-6 P. M. 
At the examination ot the President at twelve 
noon to-day the temperature was 99 8-10; pulse, 
116; respiration, 21. At the evening dressing at 
half-past five P. M., the temperature was 98 6-10; 
pulse, 104; respiration, 22. A slight febrile, rise oc- 
curred at eleven A. M. and had entirely subsided at 
two P. M. The condition of the wound remains 
unchanged. The cough has not been so frequent or 
persistent, but the sputa still remains purulent. 
Nourishment and stimulants have been given in in- 
creased quantities without discomfort. Altogether 1 
his general condition cannot be said to be improved. 
D. W. BLISS* 
FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
D. HAYES AGNEW, 
DESPATCH TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 16, 1881. 
The following was sent to-night:- 
Lowell, Minister, London: - 
There has been no very marked change in the 
President's condition, but it is not at this hour re- 
assuring. The different symptoms are almost all 
slightly aggravated. The temperature and the 
pulse have fluctuated more than usual, and the res- 
piration is rather more frequent, while the charac- 
ter of the discharges continues to be unsatisfactory. 
There is therefore a sensible increase of anxiety. 
MacVEAGH. 
AN UNFAVORABLE DAT. 
{bt telegraph to the herald.] 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 16, 1881. 
This has been a day of alarms at Elberon. All 
sorts of stones have been current ttnd the most in- 
credible rumors have found a ready credence in 
many circles. It is truq, however, that there has 
been a heavy drain upon the President's vitality for 
several days-a drain that he can poorly withstand 
and which is still continued. The discharge from 
the wound is more unhealthy than it has ever been 
bffore. The abscess in the lungs is more threat- 
ening and the fluctuations of pulse and 
temperature give signs of the great ex- 
tremity to which the President is reduced. 
The disease from which he suffers is not of the 
character to admit ot improvement in a day, but he 
is worse to-uight than he has been iu three days, 
and in fapt in that time he has slowly lost ground. 
The hallucinations of his mind continue, and the 
stomach, not in the least improved, threatens to 
rebel. 
SLOWLY LOSING GROUND. 
Summing up the situation, then, it may be said 
that the President is slowly losing ground, but that 
while the future is full ot doubt there 
is yet some good ground for hope. This 
is the substance of the opinions of all 
tho doctors in ths case and it is the opinion of At- 
torney General MacVcagh who, perhaps more than 
any other person-the doctors themselves excepted- 
keeps himself posted and seems to have a fair 
opinion ot the case. Under such circumstances as 
those tho condition of affairs at Elberon has been 
gloomy enough tc-day. Tho symptoms are those of 
a blood poisoning case, acute rather than mild, and 
the condition of the President to-day is what thej 
physicians have expected, although it is one theyl 
had hoped to prevent his entering upon. ••Yes, ho complains of being weary at times by 
saying lie is 'weary and tired.' He spoke of it once 
to-day." 
"Isn't 22 a very high respiration, Doctor?" 
"Oh, not unusually high. I think his respiration 
has reached that point often before." 
"Are there any particular times when the respira- 
tion is higher than at others?" 
"It is about eighteen when the patient is asleep. 
Of course it becomes more rapid when he awakens." 
"The extermination of blood poisoning is a very 
slow process, is it not. Doctor?" 
"Yes, but if the process o' repair had continued 
in tlie President's case without interruption a few 
clays longer the patient would have moved into a 
high scale of improvement." 
MORE HAZARDOUS. 
"How do you view the general situation to-night?" 
"Well, the conditions are more hazardous than at 
any time since the patient has been at Long Branch.'' 
"Is he worse than he was just before ho was 
moved from Washington?" 
"No, not worse than just before he was moved. 
The arrangement for moving the pitient was that it 
should be done at a time when he showed repair or 
a sign of failing, and ho was moved under the latter 
circumstances." 
"Do you think the weather has been injurious?" 
• "I do not think this weather has been of any ben- 
efit to him." । 
"Have you any reason to suspect further compli- 
cations from blood poisoning?" 
"No, we do not apprehend any additional ab- 
scesses." 
"What has the acnoa which has been spoken of 
amounted to. Doctor?" 
"There has been small acuea found on the surface 
of the body, some under the arms and some few on 
the body. These are trifling matters, however." 
"How has the pulse been to-day? What has been 
its character?" 
"The pulse has been stronger to-day." 
"Is the brandy still administered?" 
"Yes, he had about three ounces to-day." 
"How is the cough?" 
"It has been less annoying to-day and has caused 
loss disturbance." 
"From your conversation, Doctor, I take it for 
granted that the patient is somewhat worse to-night, 
is that correct?" 
"Yes, I consider him a little worse, the difference 
in his condition, however, is not very marked." 
NO IMPROVEMENT MANIFESTED. 
At ten o'clock to-night Dr. Bliss said that the 
President's pulse had decreased to 116 and his tem- 
perature was not very much above normal, and that 
notwithstanding the disturbances of the early even- 
ing he apprehended a reasonably quiet night for the 
President, although he could not say that he ex- 
pected any marked improvement in the morning. 
UNEASINESS IN WASHINGTON. 
Washington, Sept. 16, 1881. 
There has been a feeling of uneasiness that prac- j 
tically blocked public business at the capital, to-day. 
There was constant inquiry for news from Long 
Branch, and a general gloom pervaded the depart- 
ments and places of public resorts, such as has not 
been witnessed before since the President was re- 
moved. The weather has been stormy and dismal, 
which did not tend to put people in a cheerful 
frame of mind, and a listless state of uncertainty 
and conjecture brought a crowd in the rain to wait 
for the evening bulletin, outnumbering similar 
gatherings for iveeks. 
FAULT WITH DR. BLISS. 
There is noticed among people here considerable de- 
nunciation of Dr. Bliss, who is openly charged with 
having wilfully deceived the public as to the patient's 
condition. His statomebts in the evening papers 
are read with derision and visible contempt, while 
Dr. Boynton's Wordstars eagerly searched for In the 
despatches. It is known that the latter is a capable 
physician, and, being a near relative of the Presi- 
dent, will naturally look on as bright a side of the 
case as consistent with the facts. The inevitable 
conclusion is that when they differ so widely Dr. 
Bliss must be building up false hopes. 
VIEWS OF THE LANCET. 
[BY CABLE TO THE HERALD. 1 
London, Sept. 16, 1881. 
The Lancet of this week says:-"The reason of the 
trouble with President Garfield's lungs is hypos- 
tatic congestion at their bases, because of depressed 
respiration arising from long recumbency. Sitting 
up will probably give much relief, but until all 
signs of an affection of the lungs have disappeared 
the-hopeful prognosis constantly cabled here is not 
well founded, although it may prove a lucky guess." NEW YORK HERALD 
upon him, .eclines to speak of the future, but says 
simply:- 
"The condition of the President is most serious. 
There is more gravity in it than there has over been 
before." 
•'Will he die?" I ask. 
"Uis condition," replies the Doctor, "Is most se- 
rious." 
"Do you think he can live?" 
"The situation is so grave that I have few words 
of encouragement to speak." 
"Do you have hope?" 1 asked agairf. 
"The situation must be gloomier than now when 
We have no hope," was the reply, and leaving the 
Impression on the mind of his listeners that he has 
little or none, he bows to them and crosses the 
'awn to the cottage where the President waits th^ 
lummous of death or that change that wiU bear 
him from danger. 
arPEARANth: OF THE CHILL. 
Shortly before eleven o'clock the chill came on. 
Tlie President's mtud at that time was perfectly 
clear and he discovered it almost as soon as Dr. 
Boynton and C. O. Rockwell, who were in the room. 
Dr. Agnew was in the cottage, but Dr. Bliss was over 
at the hotel. General Swaim was In Private 
Secretary Brown's cottage ana he was sent for 
at once. Dr. Bliss himself did not arrive on 
the scene until the rigor, with all its serious accom- 
paniments, had come and passed over. The pulse 
during the continuance of the chill leaped from 112, 
it which point it stood, to 137, the highest but once 
that it has counted since the 27th of August, when 
everybody thought the President must die, and the 
doctors so informed the Cabinet. On that occasion 
it was counted at 139 for a little while. 
MENTAL ABERRATION. 
With the chill, of whose first approaches the 
President himself was perfectly unconscious, came 
the temporary aberration of his mind, the growing 
frequency of which is in itself of serious signifi- 
cance. The chill was more severe than any previous 
to it. It extended more generally over the body, 
and the extremities were more seriously aflected. 
It passed off in about half an hour, no 
record being taken of the time, but an 
estimate instead, which put it at that 
period. As it went by the President's mind seemed 
to return. Ho spoke of the chill, and said it was a 
bad thing. Directly alter that came the vomiting, 1 
which was the result of the nausea that culao in.,: 
sympathy with the chill, and the pains in the 
stomach came naturally afterward, and in sequence 
the perspiration, which was quit* profuse; By 
twelve o'clock the paroxysm was over; the pulse 
fell to 120; the temperature, which had reached 101 
just before the sweat, went down to 99, and at one 
o'clock was 98.8. 
FOLLOWING THE CHILL. 
Exhausted by the vomiting and the physician's 
effort attending it, the President then fell asleep. It 
was the calm that succeeded the storm. His respi- 
ration, which during the rigor ran up to 26, higher 
than it ever was before except on the day of the 
shooting, fell to 23, and as he slept quietly and rest- 
fully it went down to 20. This fact gave rise to 
rumors that the morphia had been administered in 
greater or less quantities, and that the 
sleep was the result of narcotics. The state- 
ment was, however, denied. In the meantime 
the scene about Elberon -was one of great excite- 
ment. The newspaper correspondents are for the 
most part quartered at the West End, two miles 
away, and the despatch sent from the Elberon Hotel 
to the Hebald was repeated to the West End. They 
came hastening to Elberon in carriages, and, as there 
happened to be a good deal of driving on the avenue 
at about that time, everybody seeing the press rep- 
resentatives in such mad haste, knew something 
had occurred, and turning they, too, hurried to 
Elberon. 
TELLING THE STORY. 
For an hour or so none of the doctors made their 
appearance. Finally Dr. Boynton, looking calm and 
self-possessed, the English cut of his clothes and 
the way ho wears his beard suggesting very much 
the English tourist, strolled across the lawn. 
"Yes, the rigor is over," he said. "There is no im- 
mediate danger, but the situation is very serious." 
"More dangerous than ever before?" ask a half 
a dozen voices, and the Doctor, with that calm de- 
liberation which never fails him, said:- 
"Yes, more dangerous than ever before. They 
will come and go." 
"What is the cause. Doctor?" I asked. 
"The trouble in the lungs and the poisoned con- 
dition of the blood. He has pyaemia." 
"And is it incurable?" 
"People have recovered." 
"Will the President?" 
"I do not want to say anything about that. He 
has a chance-a bare chance. He may not die; ha 
may live a long time. Ihave not given up hope." 
"What are the lungs doing?" 
"Getting worse, I think." 
"And the wound?" 
"Just about the same." 
"Are there any further complications?" 
"None at all." 
THE PAROTID GLAND AGAIN. 
To-night it is learned that the parotid gland has 
begun to suppurate again, or rather the place where 
the gland was. It is not doing much harm, but it 
indicates how depraved the fluids of the body are 
and that the poison is sending out its virulency in 
every direction. 
THE PULSE-NEW MEANS OF NOURISHMENT. 
Dr. Bliss told me at ten that the pulse was good, 
round and distinct, and was regarded as an anchor 
! of hope; in fact, it could be counted by a novice. 
| Food in small quantities has been taken, and de- 
fibrinated beef blood, given for the first time last 
| night by enema, was also given-in all, seven 
and one-half ounces. This new means of 
nourishment, with the suggestive name that 
applies to it is blood deprived of all fibre and fresh 
from the death wound of a bullock killed at the 
abattoirs in New York. It is not only free from 
fibre, but will not coagulate. A small quantity of 
hydrochlorate is added to keep it pure. 
CONDITION AT NINE P. M. 
The drowsy feeling which followed the chill has 
been continued eVer since. When spoken to the 
President rouses up and answers intelligently, but 
unless an effort is made to hold his attention he 
scon passes into sleep. Dr. Bliss characterizes the 
condition as that of sleep and not that of stupor. 
His longest perio 1 of mental activity since the chill 
has been perhaps ten minutes. 
He had a slight chill previous to six P. M. yester- 
day. It occurred while the doctors were making up 
the evening bulletin, and Dr. Bliss was called from 
the consulting room to attend on the patient. The 
rigor was by no means so decisive as the one to-day, 
and perhaps the physicians did not think it of suffi- 
cient consequence to be mentioned in the bulletin. 
STATEMENT OF DB. AGNEW. 
Dr. Agnew says to-night the situation is certainly 
a serious one. He thinks the lungs are the cause of 
the rigor and he believes the ball is encysted. Be- 
yond this point his reticence cannot be pressed. 
The bulletin to-night essays only to tell what the 
President's condition was at the time it was issued 
and to illustrate jhow great the fluctuations are in 
this poor sufferer's malady. The bulletin tells about 
a temperature below normal, which is without 
j parallel in the historj' of this case, and gives figures 
i of pulsation not calculated to create alarm. In short 
i it speaks for itself. 
AT MIDNIGHT. 
At midnight the lights in the President's cottage 
are all turned down except in Dr. B.iss'room. Dr. 
Agnew has retired. General Swaim and Colonel 
Rockwell are on watch in the sick chamber. AU the 
rest of the household except Mrs. Garfield 
have retired. She is in the sick chamber with 
the watchers. Inquiry at the cottage door elicits 
the fmt that the President is sleeping and waking 
' at intervals; that his hallucinations are continued 
and the pulse ranges about 115 with the temperature 
not above 100. The latter, however, has not been 
taken since eleven o'clock. The weather is clear 
and a trifle cold. A bright hardwood fire blazes in 
the open fireplace of the sick chamber, and its 
flitting lights and shadows can be seen through the 
window from without as they are cast upon the 
ceiling. 
Dr. Boynton has just telegraphed to Cleveland:- 
"I consider his case extremely. critical. He may 
recover, but all probability is against recovery." 
FEELING IN THE HOUSEHOLD. 
The President asked Dr. Boynton to-night if he 
thought he was worse. The Doctor said to him:- 
'•You have had chills before and come out of them 
all right, and you are coming cut of this very 
nicely." Nevertheless the President is thoroughly 
aware of his condition, as he has been for weeks 
past. 
Dr. Boynton told Mrs. Garfield to-day that her 
hueband's condition was very critical, and explained 
to her why the danger was great. She has some 
hope yet, but is the most hopeful of the household. 
General Swaim and Colonel Rockwell and C. O. 
Bockwell, Mrs. Garfield's brotfiers-in-law, are full of 
anxiety. 
Miss Mollie, the President's daughter, and the only 
one of the children at the cottage, is not depressed 
by the unfavorable reports, and has firm faith tn 
her father's recovery. 
The President's mother is kept advised of the real 
situation and the boys at Williamstown are also in 
formed daily of the exact situation at Elberon. 
At the time of closing these despatches the appre- 
hension is of a rigor preceding the febrile rise of 
the forenoon to-morrow, but it is thought the night 
will be passed without the appearance of any further 
trouble. 
Some beautiful hothouse strawberries were sr 
to the cottage to-day. The President ate a couple 
with relish. 
Cendition of file President. 
One of the President's surgeons said to a 
reporter a few days since:-"I see from 
the New York Herald that new and grave 
complications have made their appearance, 
but we have not discovered them yet." 
Perhaps the learned gentleman has dis- 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON - BENNETT, 
proprietor. 
NW YORK. SUNDAY. SEPTEMBER 18. 1881. 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 17-9 A. M. 
At the morning examination and dressing of the 
President the temperature was 09 8-10, pulse 108 
and respiration 21. The fluctuations of the pulse 
during the night varied from 116 to 130, the tem- 
perature during this time not deviating much from 
normal. He slept quite well, taking nourishment at 
proper intervals. His cough was not troublesome, 
and the expectoration moderate. The discharge 
from the wound is more healthy and the color of 
the granulations slightly improved. 
D. W. BLISS, 
D. HAYES AGNEW, 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 17-6 P. M. 
At the examination of the President at twelve M. 
to-day the temperature was TStJ, pulse 120 and res- 
piration 24. At half-past eleven A. M. he had a 
severe chill, lasting half an hour, followed by per- 
spiration. Since the noon examination there has 
been a gradual fall of temperature, with diminished 
frequency of pulse and respiration, so that at the 
evening examination the temperature was 98, pulse 
102 and respiration 18. He has slept most of the 
time during the afternoon and has taken his nour- 
ishment at proper intervals. The cough has been 
less frequent than usual. D. HATES AGNEW. 
D. W. BLISS. 
DESPATCH TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 17. 
Lowell, Minister, London:- 
The President had a severe chill this forenoon, 
lasting for half an hour, and followed by considera- 
ble fever and perspiration. Since then there has 
been a gradual decrease in pulse, temperature and 
respiration, and he has slept most of the time. 
There has been no gain in strength nor any evi- 
dence of repair, and the situation is now probably 
more grave and critical than at any time heretofore 
MlcVEAGH. 
THE WORST DAY THE PRESIDENT HAS HAD. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD. 1 
Long Branch, N. J., Sent. 17, 1831. | 
The President is worse to-day than he has ever 1 
been. Not since the very hour he was shot has the 
dark shadow hung so low around him, and 
>t of its blackness he is not emerging. 
To-day a rigor, followed by vomiting ac- 
companied by delirium and acute pains 
in the stomach, are the ominous symptoms 
whose dread significance not even the hopeful 
family arc able to misinterpret. The pulse, 
whose measures tell how the feeble heart is strug- 
gling to send the vitiated blood through the veins, 
was recorded at 137, while the respiration was at 26, 
and a lowering temperature joined with it in indi- 
cating how imminent the danger was. But on this 
occasion, as on many others when the life 
light of the President flickered, the natural j 
vitality of the min asserted itself, and he rallied I 
again. How long can he hold his ground? Is there 
l possibility that he can fight off those deadly rigors 
that stiffen out his limbs and chill the weak blood 
that yet flows in his emaciated body ? Can science 
md nature give the rebellious stomach that great 
lupport which it demands if it Is to replace the poi- I 
Boned blood with that which is new and pure? Can 
the wandering mind be reclaimed, so that the natu- 
rally grand will power of the man can be exerted to 
lid him, and cannot medical science avail to sup- 
press the excrutiating pains that seize their victim 
In a remorseless grasp until he writhes in agony? 
NO ENCOURAGING WOBD. 
Of all the number about that sick bed there is not 
ane to give an encouraging word in reply. All they 
inswer is:-"We hope for the best. There is yet 
room fcr hope-there is yet a chance, but the condi- 
tion of the President was never so grave before." 
Even those whose friendship with the President 
takes on itself the nature of a. love that could 
not bear to bear one word spoken that toid 
of danger are forced to admit to-day that 
the spark of hope is dim in their hearts, 
and the worst that could bo feared seems certain to 
become the inevitable. Dr. Agnew, with that stern 
conservatism which sits with such splendid dignity covered them now. Certainly they are , 
painfully piain, and it would be a pity if 
the surgeons in charge should longer be 
blind to their presence. Not many days ago 
another one of the surgeons said to a re- 
porter, "There is not the slightest evidence" 
of any trouble with the President's right 
lung, and this was said in reference to a 
statement in the Hebald that there was a 
metastatic abscess in that organ. Now that 
abscess is a recognized fact. We first 
pointed out the true nature of the wound 
early in July; we indicated the moment at 
which the pyaemia began and we recog- 
nized about the end of August the invasion 
of the lung by the pymmic trouble. In 
every one of these particulars the surgeons 
for some inscrutable reason saw fit to deny 
and assail our judgment, but the facts are 
now well recognized to be on every point 
as we stated them. 
In the case of this pulmonary abscess 
there has been a peculiar repetition of what 
happened with the parotid gland. Every- 
body will remember that when that trouble 
began it was spoken of by the surgeons as a 
trivial occurrence-a fact of little moment- 
an accident, in short, that almost always 
happened and should alarm no one. But 
presently it put the President nearer to his 
• final hour than he has been at 
any time yet, and the inflamma- 
tory process buirowing through the 
gland made issues into the mouth and ear 
and at several points externally, while the 
swollen tissues nearly shut off the circula- 
tion from the brain. So the abscess in the 
lungs has been dealt with as of com- 
paratively little moment, and the news- 
papers in stating its gravity have been ac- 
cused of "making mountains out of mole- 
hills. " But let nobody be mistaken 
about such molehills. This is far 
the worst fact that has yet oc- 
curred in the case, and it will not 
stop here, unless by some suddenly fatal 
event. This abscess has now opened into 
one of the bronchial tubes and is discharg- 
ing its contents that way, but the discharge 
of its contents does not end its history. It 
is not lilte an abscess in a healthy subject 
that discharges and gets well. There is no re- 
pair here; but the disease constantly invades 
new parts of the lungs and may burrow 
through the whole organ, unless some 
vein opened by the ulcerating process 
gives entry to pus upon which a clot will 
be formed in the vein; this clot will then 
be carried forward to the heart, and, plug- 
ging it, death by "embolism" will occur in 
an instant. 
That is one of the possible issues of this 
trouble. If the afflicted patient survives 
that the same condition of the system that 
led to the abscesses hitherto formed will 
lead to others, for there is no organ of the 
body in which a metastatic abscess may not 
appear. Prom every abscess that forms 
a new contamination of the blood 
may arise, as the pus is carried into the 
circulation from new centres of morbid 
activity. The recent recurrence of a 
pyaemlc rigor may be due to the absorption 
of pus from this diseased lung, or may in- 
dicate the formation of yet another abscess , 
in some other organ. temperature they saw the danger of the day. With' 
its increase above the normal point, say to 99 and 
below 100, there was no immediate danger. If it re- 
mained below 98 the situation was preg- 
nant with it. But the hours slipped by, 
and the severe lines on Dr. Agnew's face 
relaxed, and Dr. Hamilton, having watched 
during the hour after which it was probable the 
day might pass without cause for alarm, prepared 
to go to New York. He had nothing to say to the 
- newspaper correspondents, but it was gathered that 
he was encouraged by the showing of the day and 
hopefully believed the night would pass without a 
recurrence of the much dreaded chill. 
ANOTHER BIGOB. 
The evening examination had scarcely been com- 
pleted, and Drs. Agnew and Bliss, who had signed 
he cheerful bulletin of the evening, were seated at 
their dinner table at the Elberon, when 
the rigor came on at a quarter past seven. 
It came witn no further warning than the tempera- 
ture of the President's body, which continued so 
low as to be a source of apprehension. Mr. C. O. 
Rockwell was alone in the sick chamber, and know- 
ing the usual treatment-by the application of hot 
cloths-proceeded as the doctors would have done 
had they been there, while ho despatched a messen- 
ger in hot haste for them. Before they reached 
there the rigor was passing away, and the time 
of duration was estimated at ten minutes. The 
usual disturbance ot * the' stomach followed, 
although the vomiting was not severe-only a 
slight retching, in fact. After that came the per- 
i spiration, which was stopped by bathing the patient 
in heated alcohol, the object of which was to give 
all the artificial heat to the system that was pos- 
sible. The preparations for this treatment were all 
at hand, indicating that the physicians were expect- 
ing just such an attack. When the paroxysm had 
gone by the President fell asleep. It was the sleep 
of exhaustion. The pulse then ianuptol3o fell to 
120, and the respiration that reached 26 went to 22, 
and while the patient slept remained so. 
DB. BOYNTON'S VIEW OF THE CASE. 
The following Interview was had with Dr. Boynton 
to-night: - 
"What is the President's condition to-day?" 
"Compared with yesterday there is a slight im- 
provement." 
"Do you not think the low pulse and tempera- 
| ture of last night and this morning were favorable 
indications? 
"1 do not. The low pulse and temperature, the 
sound sleep and the freedom from cough and ex- 
ctoration were indications of a very low state of 
vitality and cannot be considered as favorable symp- 
i toms. It he grows stronger there will be a rise in 
the pulse and temperature and his cough and ex- 
pectoration will return." 
"Has he had any fever to-day?" 
"Yes. At about eleven o'clock there was a rise in 
temperature and the pulse reached 120. The cough 
returned and he expectorated considerable quanti- 
ties of purulent matter. He also had a pretty free 
perspiration. To-night, at about six o'clock, he had 
a chill, lasting ten minutes, his pulse reaching 140. 
It is now 122." 
CAUSE OF THE CHILLS. 
"What do you think causes the chills?" 
"It is possible they are merely a reflex of the 
President's low state of vitality; but, in all proba- 
bility, they are a result of a suppurative process 
going on in some part of his body." 
"In what part of the body?" 
"Probably there is an extension of the lung 
trouble." 
"Do you still think the President has an abscess 
in the right lung?" 
"I do." 
"What is the nature of that abscess?" 
"It is what we call a secondary abscess. It occurs 
in the course of blood poisoning, or rather as a 
complication. It is one of the most frequent com- 
plications of chronic pyaemia. It begins as 
a lobular congestion. Each lobule of the 
lung is about the size of a pin's head. 
A number of these become congested, and after 
a time suppurate and form as many small abscesses. 
By and by this congestion extends to surrounding 
lobules, which, in turn, suppurate, forming other 
small abscesses. If the patient lives long enough 
these minute abscesses open into each other, forming 
pus sacs about the size of a marble or a hen's egg. 
That portion ot the lung containing the abscesses 
become consolidated or hepatized. A portion of the 
President's right lung, reaching up to the sixth rib, 
is now consolidated." 
CRITICAL BUT NOT HOPELESS. 
"Is it true that you stated last night that the 
President's condition was hopeless?" 
"No, sir. . 1 said that his case was extremely criti- 
cal, but not hopeless." 
"W iat is your opinion to-night?" 
"The same as lust night. For several weeks he has 
at times made satisfactory improvement, but in 
elch instance the improvement has been followed 
by a relapse which left him on a lower plane of 
vitality than before. This feature of his case is pe- 
culiar to most cases of chronic pyiemia. The Presi- 
dent has a wonderful constitution, Dut it is doubt- 
' ful it it is sufficient to carry him on to recovery." 
DR. BLISS' STATEMENT. ■ - ■ 
During an interview to-night Dr. Bliss said, in re- 
sponse to the interrogatories of a number ot 
representatives of the press, tha; the 
chill which occurred this evening was of 
about ten minutes' duration, and was what 
might be called quite a chill, the President suffer- 
ing considerably irom its effects; that no vomiting 
occurred, and that the patient experienced a reac- 
tion immediately after the rigor subsided by the 
appearance of a fever. At the time of the inter- 
view-half-past nine P. M.-the pulse was about 120 
and had been higher. 
When asked the cause of the recurrence of the 
rigors, the Doctor said: - 
•'It may be due to local causes, bdt, if so, they 
are not manifested. I think that the recurrence is 
due to the enfeebled condition of the patient. The 
depraved condition of the fluids, together 
with the local sores, are sufficient to produce 
chills, if he is not repairing, and it is evident that 
he has not repaired any during the past twenty-four 
hours, but has merely held his own." 
"Is there really no repair apparent, Doctor?" was 
asked. 
"I have not noticed evidence of repair. There is a 
general equal condition ot the prominent features." 
THE CONDITION SUMMARIZED. 
Continuing, the Doctor said, in substance, that a 
chill was expected this morning, in view ot the 
condition of the patient's temperature, which in- 
dicated that it would occur. The applica- 
tion of hot cloths was therefore ordered 
and the treatment proved successful. The doctor 
said that the President was cheerful and bright dur- 
ing the afternoon; that, with the exception of a 
milk punch about twenty minutes previous to the 
chill, no food had been given him; 
that two and a half ounces of defibri- 
nated beef blood had been administered by 
enema during the morning, and about three ounces 
more will be administered during the night; that it 
is not probable another chill will occur during 
the night; that the dulness of the lung 
has not extended; the coughing has been 
very slight to-day and was mentioned by 
Mrs. Garfield as hiving been less than yesterday; 
that the cinching was renewed with a chill; that no 
repair of the wound had occurred for three or four 
days, and no healthy granulations are visible; 
that, three weeks ago, the cavity of the 
wound would hold two and one-half ounces of 
water, while, at the present time, it holds one 
ounce, showing that it has become considerably 
smaller; that the stomach has not shown signs of 
disturbance during the day; that the, usual quan- 
tity of stimulants Lad been administered, and that 
in his opinion there was no cavity of pus in the lung- 
NEITHER BETTER NOR WORSE. 
"Do you consider the President any better to- 
night than he was last night?" was asked. 
"No," replied the Doctor. "He is no better to- 
night, nor do I consider him any worse." 
"What is the condition of the bed sores?" 
"They have not extended." 
"How Is the boil on his back?" 
"A little better." 
"His mind?" 
"There was no aberration of his mind during the 
febrile rise, at which time it generally occurs." 
"Does the President take the same notice of his 
condition?" 
"Yes; he takes the same notice of his condition, 
as he has all along, and he thoroughly under- 
stands it." 
"How are the sweats, Doctor?" 
"There are no profuse sweats." 
"How high was the pulse during the prevalence 
of the chill?" 
"I believe it reached 134." 
EFFECT OF THE RIGORS. 
"What will be the effect of a continuation of these 
rigors?" 
"If they keep up from day to day they will wear 
him out." 
"Did you take the -respiration while the chill was 
on?" 
"The respiration was about 22." 
"Was any attempt made this evening to prevent a 
chill?" 
"Yes; every possible attempt was made, and I 
think that the chill was modified to a certain extent 
by the efforts made." 
"How often do you anticipate a recurrence of the 
rigors?" 
"It is reasonable to expect some disturbance dur- 
ing every twenty-four hours." 
"Does the patient still complain of weariness?" 
"Yes, he said to-day that he felt very tired." 
"Doctor, the President has had an exceedingly 
hard time?" 
"It has been a fearful fight, and you on the out- 
side have no idea of it." 
During the course of further conversation Dr. 
Bliss admitted that the situation was very critical, 
"but," said lie, "there is still a chance for his re- 
covery, and he is entitled to that chance." 
MEETING OF THE CABINET. 
After the excitement incident to the report of the 
evening rigor bad somewhat subsided Attorney Gen- 
eral MacVeagh telegraphed to the West End request- 
NEW YORK HERALD 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. MONDAY. SEPTEMBER 19, 1881. 
(Official.) 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 18.-9 A. M. 
At the examination ot the President at half- 
past eight this morning, the temperature was 
98, pulse 102, and respiration 18. 
There was no perceptible febrile rise dur- 
ing the night, the pulse ranging from 102 to 112. 
The cough was less troublesome than on previous 
nights, and the expectoration unchanged. He is 
able to take nourishment and stimulants required 
without gastric disturbance, nor had there been 
evidence of mental aberration during the night. 
D. W. BLISS. 
FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
[Official.] 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 18-6^. M. 
The following is the evening official bulletin:- 
The President, though quite weak, has passed a 
very quiet day. There has been no recurrence of 
chill nor mental disturbance. At nine A. M. a 
Blight febrile rise took place and began to subside at 
eleven o'clock, at which time the temperature was 
100. pulse 116, respiration 20. There has been no 
increase of cough or change in the character of the 
expectoration. At the evening examination, half- 
pjst live P. M., the temperature was 98 4-10, pulse 
102, respiration 20. 
D. W. BLISS, 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
DESPATCH TO MINISTEB LOWEpL. 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 18, 188L 
The following was sent to-night:- 
Low ell. Minister, London:- 
Tjae President passed a comparatively quiet and 
eonhfortable day, but this evening he had another 
ch?Ji of less duration than that of yesterday, but 
BXifficient to increase the very great anxiety already 
existing. Ho has also been slowly growing weaker, 
and his present Condition excites the gravest appre- 
hensions. MACVEAGH. 
HISTORY OF THE DAY. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD. 1 
Elbebon, N. J., Sept. 18, 1881. 
The President has had another rigor. This is the 
third in three successive days. The apprehensions 
It excites cannot be measured. In the carefully 
worded reports of the physicians and the Attorney 
General's despatch to-night will be found its only 
official record until to-morrow, and before then 
some favorable symptom may set in to change the 
entire complexion of affairs. But nothing can de- 
prive the situation of its immediate gravity, 
for to-night it can be said for the first * 
time that those around that sick bed are with- 
out hope, except such barren comfort as can be । 
gained in that oft repeated saying, "while there 
is lite there is hope." Medical and surgical science 
is ready to acknowledge that it stands powerless in 
the presence of the adverse influence of the moment 
to even stay its progress. To-night, in addition to 
the chronic pyaemia, which for weeks Las worked 
his baleful effects upon the sufferer, the presence of 
a sub-acute attack of that irresistible disease as- 
serts itself. When asked about it Dr. Agnew 
answers that lie has no word of hope to utter, 
but, declining to answer further, retires to the 
sick chamber to watch there. Dr. Bliss 
who never yet relinquished his hopes and 
who says even now that there is reason for hope, 
qualifies that familiar expression by saying in sub- 
stance that the worst may be looked for and if it 
comes cannot be a matter for surprise. 
TSE DANGER SIGNAL. 
The situation of to-night can be summed up bv 
referring to the day first, which opened almost 
auspiciously. The pulse was well down, the respi- 
ration approached the normal figure, but the tem- 
perature, down to ninety-eight, was the danger sig- 
nal whose significance none felt more keenly 
than the doctors themselves. That fact 
was not known to-day, but to-night I am 
able to tell that this forenoon the doctors, with 
bated breath, stood around the sick bed, while the 
thermometer under the arm told that the best pos- 
sible figure it could show, even when kept there 
more than ten minutes, was 98 degrees. In this low ' ing tho members of the Cabinet to come at once to 
Elberon. Secretaries Kirkwood, Windom, Hunt, 
Postmaster General James ano First Assistant Secre- 
tary Hill, of the State Department, were immedi- 
ately' driven to Mr. MacVeagh's cottage. They 
remained in conference some time and Dr. Boynton 
came and gave his opinion of the President's con- 
dition, the substance of which was that the rigors, 
if not controlled, would speedily exhaust the vital- 
ity of the patient, and he would succumb to his 
enfeebled condition. This was the third time the 
note of alarm had been sounded, aud, recalling the j 
weeks that had passed since such sad news Lad 
been communicated to them, there was a natural 
hope that unforeseen aid would come to the Presi- 
dent's assistance. s 
The Cabinet returned to the West End too gloomy 
to discuss the situation, but hoping that the angel 
of health would touch tho helpless patient with life. 
Secretary Blaine, who is at Augusta, telegraphed 
to-day that he was himself unwell, and asked to bo 
kept hourly advised, that he may leave when it is 
necessary. 
Secretary Lincoln is expected here to-morrow 
night from Rye Beach, and Mr. Blaine will probably 
accompany him. 
During the afternoon General Grant made his 
daily visit to the Francklyn Cottage for the purpose 
of ascertaining the exact condition of the Presi- 
dent. 
AT MIDNIGHT. 
At midnight the cottage is closed. Dr. Boynton 
and Mr. C. O. Rockwell are on watch in the sick 
chamber. The perspiration, which is regarded as 
so dangerous a symptom, has continued, and the 
mind is wandering when he wakes. There is not 
one word of encouragement to say based on the 
symptoms apparent at the hour of closing these 
despatches. 
| The Condition of the President. 
The events at Long Branch yesterday 
warn the people to be prepared for a speedy 
and possibly sudden termination of the 
President's life. They do not absolutely 
exclude hope, though Dr. Agnew says 
he "has no word of hope to 
utter," but they reduce it to the 
verge of despair. The fever which 
was consuming the patient at midday had 
abated toward sunset, and the fears of the 
j surgeons were so allayed that their early 
evening bulletin was framed to convey en- 
couragement, but soon after the night closed 
in another chill happened-the third in three 
days-and the later bulletins make no at- ' 
tempt to conceal its evil omen. NEW YORK HERALD 
find it. Dr. Bliss and Dr. Agnew were im- 
mediately summoned, and on their arriv. 1 
they pronounced the patient to be in a 
dying condition. Mrs. Gaifi Id and her 
daughter being notified of the sad 
fact they came into the death cl am- 
Iber with Mrs. Rockwell and other friends. 
The President gave no further sign, and 
continued to sink rapidly until at twenty- 
five minutes to eleven o'clack Dr. Bliss an- 
nounced that ail was over. Mrs. Garfield 
oore the terrible trial bravely. The news 
of the Pres.dent's death spread rapidly all 
over Elberon and Long Branch, and in a 
few minutes the whole country was in 
possession of the fact. Thus closes 
the career of the twentieth Presi- 
dent of the United States, he 
having held office for precisely two hundred 
days, eighty of which were passed on 
the bed of suffering. A nation has 
thus been deprived by assassination of its 8 
chosen leader, and the Vice President must 
assume the reins of government. 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 20-1:15 A. M. 
The following official bulletin has jus 
been issued:- 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 19-11:30 P. M. 
The President died at thirty-five 
minutes past ten P. M. After' 
the bulletin was issued at half-past 
five this evening the President continued 
in much the same condition as during the 
afternoon, the pulse varying from 102 to 
106 with rather increased force and volume. 
After taking nourishment he fell into a quiet 
sleep about thirty-five minutes before his 
death, and while asleep his pulse ran 
to 120, and was somewhat more feeble. At 
ten minutep after ten o'clock he awoke 
complaining of severe pain over the region 
of the heart and almost immediately be- 
came unconscious, and ceased to breathe at 
twenty-five minutes to eleven. 
D. W. BLISS. 
FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
DEATHBED SCENES OF THE CHIEF MAGISTRATE. 
|B¥ TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD.l 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 19, 1881. 
President Garfield expired at thirty-five min- 
utes past ten o'clock this evening. Within a 
few minutes of hie death the official announce- 
ment to the world was made. It was done 
by Mr. MacVeagh, who came hurriedly | 
to the Hotel Elberon, where a great! 
number of correspondents were gath-l 
ered, together with probably half a | 
score of the guests in the balk There was no I 
need for him to call "attention;" every man I 
there knew his errand. It was to tell the E 
nation that its chief was dead. It was noticeable 
that not a word was spoken above the breath 
for half an hour anywhere about the premises. 
Mr. MacVeagh walked to the huge round table 
iu the office, and the eager crowd gathered 
around. He began in low tones to tell the 
sad story, and fifty pens were at work as he 
talked. Among those who listened were Major 
Patterson, Captain Ingalls. Lieutenant Patter- 
son aud the guests of the hotel. 
THE LAST SCENE OF ALL. 
At fifteen minutes to ten o'clock General 
Swain and Colonel Rockwell were in the room 
[together. They were preparing for a quiet 
I watch, when the President eaid, putting hie 
hand to his heart:- 
"Ob! what a pain!" 
General Swam came immediately to him 
|and said, "where is the pain!" He ex- 
I3 claimed "oh! oh!" and Colonel Rockwell 
taking bis pulse in his hand said to 
Swaim, "I can't find it." Swaim immediately 
ran to Bliss's room and the alarm spread. Dr. 
Bliss came to the room. Mrs. Garfield, Mrs. 
Rockwell, Miss Mollie Garfield, Mr. C. O 
Rockwell, Dr. Boynton and "Dau," the faith- 
ful colored servant, were summoned at once. 
Dr. Bliss came in quicker to the summons than 
could easily have been expected considering 
| the. small sleep he has had lor the last three 
| months. 
(pHE DOCTOR'S ENTRANCE. 
8 Hardly a minute, it seemed to the anxious 
waiters, elapsqd before the Doctor was in the 
room. His practical eye saw the immediate 
condition of affairs at onee. There was an im- 
mediate necessity for raising the temperature. 
If it should fall beyond the point science had 
indicated there was no hope of another hour of 
the precious life that tor the moment lay in his 
' hands. 
"Bring ammonia and mustard instantly," he 
said. 
REMEDIES NOT AT HAND. 
Search was made for the two things that 
might, perhaps, have prolonged life a little g 
while, but there was no mustard in the room, I 
and there was no ammonia there. A messen- 
ger ran across the darkened lawn to the Elberon 
Hotel, perhaps a hundred and fifty yards 
away. He stumbled up the low porch of 
the hotel almost exhausted in his breathless 
haste and waited for the precious medicaments 
to be got. Warren Toung, the military messen- 
ger, meantime galloped at headlong speed to 
camp, almost a half mile a^ray, for the mustard 
and ammonia, while those in the rooms stood 
breathless. There was not a word to say. 
There was only one thing to do. It could not 
be done. 
INTO THE DARKNESS. 
Alone among many who loved him, helpless 
in the presence of the arch enemy even amid 
all his friends, und surrounded by all the appli- 
ances that modern science could conjure 
up, except the two simples that were 
needed, the great soul of the chief went 
forth into the darkness. It was not all in a 
moment. The great heart that had fought so 
manfully against death so long was not stilled 
at once. Rallying from the exhaustion 
that set the seal of dissolution on his 
brow he awoke only to the conscious- 
ness of physical pain. "Oh, how it 
hurts there 1" said he again, with his hand still 
| on his heart. Modern science was powerless. 
The man at last was dying. There were by his 
bedside those who had at their finger's end the 
utmost appliances of skill, the utmost re- 
sources of modern knowledge, yet death was 
1 there and General Garfield was his victim. 
around the deathbed. 
| Mollie Garfield was close beside him. Drs. 
I Bliss and Agnew were there, so were Colonel 
I Rockwell, Mr. C. O. Rockwell, General Swaim, 
I Dr. Boynton, Mr. J. Stanley Brown, private 
secretary; Mrs. Rockwell, Miss Lulu Rockwell, 
two messengers, Mr. H. L. Atchison, Mr. John 
Ricard, Mr. Lancaster, Mr. Spriggs and two 
other faithful attendants. 
"Ob, how it hurts here!" the President said 
once more; then with an uneasy motion he 
seemed to try to turn over, and drawing oue 
Ion" breath that was almost a gasp his tortured 
lungs refused their service. The heart was 
stilled and life was gone. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK, TUESDAY. SI PTEMBER 20, 1881. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HEBinDO 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 19, 1881. 
The following are the official bulletins concerning 
President Garfield's condition issued during the 
i day by the surgeons in attendance on him:- 
[Official.] 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 19-9:15 A. M. 
The condition of the President this morning con- 
tinues unfavorable. Shortly after the issue of the 
evening bulletin he had a chill lasting fifteen min- 
utes. The febrile rise following continued 
until twelve midnight, during which time 
the pulse ranged from 112 to 130. The 
sweating that followed was quite profuse. The I 
cough, which was troublesome during the chill, I 
gave him but little annoyance the remainder of the | 
night. r 
This morning, at 8 A. M., the temperature was | 
98.8, the pulse 106 and feeble, the respiration 22. I 
At 8:30 another chill came on, on account of which | 
the dressing was temporarily postponed. 
A bulletin will be issued at 12 :30 P. M. 
D. W. BLISS. 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
[Official.] 
Elberon. N. J., Sept. 19-12:30 .P M. 
The chill from which the President was suffering 
at the time the morning bulletin was issued lasted 
about fifteen minutes and was followed by a febrile 
rise of temperature and sweating. He has slept 
much of the time, but his general condition has not 
| materially changed since. 
3 Temperature, 98.2; pulse, 104; respiration, 20. 
D. W. BLISS. / [ 
D. HAYES AGNEW. I 
[Official.] ? 
Elberon, N. J., Sept. 19-6 P. M. I 
Though the gravity of the President's condition I 
: continues tnere has been no aggravation of symp-1 
1 toms since the noon bulletin was issued. He has | 
I slept most of the time, coughing but little and with fl 
ease. The sputa remains unchanged. A sufficient 
i amount of nourishment has been taken and re- 
tained. Temperature, 98.4; pulse, 102; respiration, 
18. D. W. BLISS, 
FRANK H. HAMILTON, 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
DESPATCH TO MINISTER LOWELL. 
Elberon, N. J., Sept 19, 1881. 
At ten o'clock to-night the following was sent to 
Minister Lowell by Attorney General MacVeagh:- 
'■Lowell, Minister, London.:- 
" Ihe. President had another chill of considerable 
severity this morning, which, following so 
soon atter the chill of last evening, 
left him very weak indeed. His pulse be- 
came more frequent and feeble than at; 
any time since he recovered irom the immediate 
shock of the wound, and his general condition was 
more alarming during the day. His system has 
reacted to some extent, and he passed the afternoon 
and evening comfortably. At this hour he is rest- 
ing quietly, and no disturbance is expected during 
the night. There has been no gain whatever in i 
; strength, and there m therefore no decrease of । 
1 auxiats. MacVEAGH. I 
President James A. Garfield is dead. He 
expired lust evening at twenty-five min- 
utes to eleven o'clock. General Swaim 
»nd Colonel Rockwell had entered 
on their watch, expecting to have a quiet 
night, but at fifteen minutes to ten 
the President suddenly put his hand 
to bis heart and s .id, "Oh, what a pain I" 
When asked where he felt the pain Gen- 
eral Garfield exclaimed, "Oh ! oh !" Colonel 
Rockwell felt for ihe pulse, but could not announcing the sad NEWS. 
As soon as the death had been announced 
Attorney General McVeagh gave notice 
to the superintendent of the telegraph 
office in the Elberon Hotel that ihe 
government would take possession of the 
| wires. After that time no despatches 
| were sent from the Elberon, all nows being 
forwarded irom the West End. Private 
Secretary Brown came at once to Elberon 
Hotel, and, in a private room and to a stenog- 
rapher, dictat d despatches conveying the 
sad intelligence to all the officers 
of the government; to Mrs. E.iza 
Garfield, at Hiram; to Colonel Rudolph, at 
Cleveland, and Mrs. Swaim, at Leavenworth, | 
Kan. The despatches conveyed simply the 
news aud gave no particulars. 
DURING THE EVENING. 
Most of the evening the President slept or 
dozed. His mind, when awakened, was not 
clear, and the perspirations, whose drain 
upon his had been of such 
serious consequence for the last few 
days, continued, while the doctors them- 
selves were unable to terminate them. The par- 
otid gland also gave trouble to the sufferer, the 
poisoned condition of the blood preventing its 
healing and perpetuating the suppuration that 
drained upon his physical strength and ate up 
his tissue. The flow of pus from his wound1 
remained unhealthy in character and the 
stomach gave continual signs of rebellion. 
Stimulating continued, and every three hours 
"a pony" of brandy, with milk-in fact, a 
milk punch-was administered. Quinine 
was given as a tonic, not as a 
check to malarial troubles. Mrs. Garfield to 
the last remained hopeful. She appreciated the 
gravity of the situation, and her wifely care 
and attendance at the bedside never relaxed. 
Last night she never slept at all, and to-day 
when she sought some rest it was only upon the 
promise of Dr. Bliss that she should be called 
at the appearance of auy new symptoms in the 
case. 
DISPOSITION OP THE BODY. 
Even at such a time speculation begins as to 
what shall be done with the President's body. 
It has generally been accepted as a fact that in 
case of death his remains will lie in state in 
New York and perhaps some other cities and 
then be finally carried for interment to Mentor. 
There is no further reason for this belief beyond 
the fact that the President has made Mentor his 
home for some years, and Saunfield, the name of 
the homestead, has become a familiar word in 
current history. He has no associations there 
beyond that short residence, nor has his family 
any burying plot in Washington or in Cleve- 
land, as has been frequently stated. In the 
little town of Hiram, on the ridge which di- 
vides the waters which flow into the lake 
from those that are drained into the 
Ohio, there is a little graveyard, just 
back of Hiram College, in the village 
of Hiram. There lie buried two of his children. 
Itbe oldest, a daughter, who died before the 
President left the army to represent the Nine- 
teenth Congressional district of Ohio in Con- 
gress. To the friends of the family she had no 
other name except that of ''Little Trot." and 
the white stone over her grave bears the in- 
I scription:- 
Zf zz -zz rrrs fo 
LITTLE TROT. $ 
a She wears the crown without the conflict. $ 
<jizzzzzzzzzzzzzz-zzzzzzzzzz'-zzzzzzzzzzzz-zzzzzzzzzzzzzz-<<i> 
Four years ago Edwin, the youngest son of 
i tire family, died in babyhood, and was given a 
grave beside his sister. There, it is thought, 
will the remains of the President be carried 
and laid to rest. Of course such questions as 
j these have not been discussed in the family 
circle nor by those immediate friends whose 
attendance as nurses has been a continued 
proof of their devotion to the sufferer; but 
among those who know him these speculations, 
for that is all they can be called, had been 
current during his illness. 
THE POST MORTEM EXAMINATION. 
A question has arisen in relation*o the phy- 
sician who is to be retained to perform 
the autopsy. This question arises from the 
phraseology of the statute of New Jersey, 
which says that the Coroner shall summon to 
his aid a physician or surgeon licensed in the 
State of New Jersey, who shall aid him 
in ascertaining the cause of death. It 
is not to be expected that one of the physicians 
who have been engaged in the case will be 
called upon to perform the autopsy, since that 
is of itself, in some sense, a judgment on 
their work. Neither is it known, nor can 
it be guessed, who the man will be 
who shall be summoned to the work. He 
must, however, be a New Jersey physi- 
cian or surgeon. The summons to the 
Coroner will doubtless be given early in the 
morning, and whatever official business of thisE 
kind is necessary will be transacted without I 
delay. No retention of the remains will be I 
necessary after the post-mortem examination! 
has been made. * 
GENERAL ARTHUR NOTIFIED. ! 
At seven minutes past twelve A. M. Attorney I 
General MacVeagh sent the following despatch! 
Ifo Vice President Arthur:- 
Hon. Chester A. Arthur, No. 123 Lexington! 
avenue, New York:- 
| It becomes our painful duty to inform you of I 
the death of President Garfield and to advise! 
you to take the oath of office without delay. I 
If it concurs with your judgment we will be I 
very glad if you will come down on the earliest I 
train to-morrow morning. 
WILLIAM WINDOM, Secretary of the 
Treasury. 
WILLIAM H. HUNT, Secretary of the Navy. 
THOMAS L. JAMES, Postmaster General. 
WAYNE MACVEAGH, Attorney General. 
L. J. KIRKWOOD, Secretary of the Interior.! 
THE DAY IN THE SICE CHAMBER 
Elbebon, Sept. 19, 1881. | 
The worst fears for the President have now been® 
realized. The rigor of to-day camo early. It wa& 
unusually severe aud confirmed all the foreboding® 
outlined in the despatches of last night. Thi^ 
severity was indicated by the fact that his pulse 
ran so far above 145 that it could noi 
be counted. It happened in the morning 
when the temperature stood at 98 8-10, and 
when there was no symptom to give warning of 
its approach till the President's limbs began to shiver 
and he complained most bitterly of the cold. The 
most serious of its features was the fact that when 
it had passed away and his temperature was being 
restored to its normal point, his mind tailed in iti 
wonted clearness and remained in a stupor which 
was interrupted only when the- painful retchings 
began. It seemed that his mind was filled with 
hallucination. Although the rigor was not unex- 
pected, its appearance at that particular time was 
to the doctors, more than to acy one else, quite a 
surprise. They had just dressed his wound aud the 
patient was chatting almost cheerfully with them 
about his own condition. 
BEFOBE THE CHILL. 
He was speaking words ot hope and was enjoyinq 
the soft breeze, tempered by the rays of the sun, 
that floated in so gratefully through the window 
from the ocean. He had said:-"I feel better; tht 
rigor yesterday was at best but a trifle." 
Drs. Agnew, Bliss and Boynton and General 
Swaym were in the room. They had raised him up 
in the sheet and had. slipped irom under him the 
mattress, which is changed every day, and they 
were in the act of adjusting his pillows and framing 
a favorable bulletin to give the history of the night 
that had just elapsed. The President asked to be 
tola what they were about to write ot his condition' 
Dr. Bliss answered: - 
"We are going to give the public good news to- 
day." 
"You are not likely," responded the patient, "to 
make it too strong. I feel ever so much better." 
APPEARANCE OF THE BIGOB. 
Directly after this came the chill. In the excite- 
ment which ensued its duration was not estimated, 
but probably it lasted twenty minutes. Of cours* 
the temperature fell rapidly and the pulse running 
up to the figure given above beat so feebly that an 
: experienced finger was necessary to tell that it beat 
I at all. Dr. Agnew was unable to record it. In that 
i moment of intense anxiety, when it was nof 
too much to believe that the light ol 
life then flickering mi&ht go out, there was littll 
time for technicalities and the making of records1 
It was the gravest emergency the doctors have had 
to contend with since that memorable 2d day ol 
July, when they carried the stricken President in an 
ambulance, driven at full speed from the depot 01 
Pennsylvania avenue to the malarial airs that hun| 
about the sick chamber in the White House. Al 
that time it was thought he could not live mow 
than a few hours at most, but since then, until thit 
morning at eight o'clock, there has not been so ink 
mintint a danger in the whole progress of the case. 
TREATMENT CUBING THE CHILI,. 
The application of hot cloths to the extremitiei 
and rubbing the chilled limbs with heated alcohol 
together with the administration of stimulants 
were prompt acts. When the rigor had passed bj 
there was no apparent rally on the part of th/ 
patient, who lay exhausted in a stupor 
Enematas of brandy were given and sup 
positories of quinine, but all without avail, 
tor a time it seemed as if the end 
had really come and that out of that state of uncon- 
sciousness President Garfield would never awake. 
The treatment, however, had its effect in time, 
although nearly three hours after the chill had gone 
by. The perspiration that followed was profuse, 
but his mind was clear and he seemed to bear up 
bravely, though aware of his condition. He said, 
half jestingly: - 
"1 am not so well as I thought I was, am I?" 
And having uttered that remark gdded into a 
quiet sleep, which lasted, with but brief intervals 
till noon. During that sleep the cold sweats came, 
and while the attendants sought to relieve them by 
bathing him in alcohol, covering the extremities 
with heavy blankets and administering the usual 
I remedies, the President slumbered on undisturbed, 
I So great was his exhaustion that such acts could noi 
J break In upon his rest. 
EXCITEMENT IN ELBEBON. 
J Of course the news of the rigor reaching Elberoa 
I Hotel created no end of excitement. As on a pre- 
3 vious occasion, the first intelligence of its existenct 
1 arrived at the Hotel at Long Branch after being 
■ quoted trom the Hebald bulletins in Now York anil 
] sent back again over the wires to the West End 
] Hotel. It was felt that all the dread apprehension! 
I of last night were on the point of realization, that 
the end had indeed come, and that neither medical 
nor surgical skill could stay its rapid approach. 
I met Dr. Bliss at the door of the cottage, 
after the dressing. Great beads of perspira- 
tion stood out upon his forehead. His collar wai 
limp and had fallen down, and his air in general 
was most dejected. 
'•Another rigor?" I asked. 
"Just at this moment," ho replied. 
"Severe?" 
"More severe than ever he had before." 
"Do you give up hope?" 
"There is little ground for hope," said the Doctor, 
! Before this conversation was concluded haJZa 
dozen visitors on the piazza of the hotel came 
around and the words that Dr. Bliss had spoken m 
were carried through the building and out into the L 
surrounding cottages with astonishing rapidity. As t 
they trave led they grew and were exaggerated and J 
before long it was stated generally that in the rigor ; 
the President's lite had passed away. 
REPORTS FROM THE DOCTORS. 
The facts were, however, soon given. Dr. Boyn- 
ton, t* whom the correspondents look with so much 
faith for the history of the sick chamber, came 
across the lawn, calm and collected as ever, nut re- 
plying in words of discouragement to the anxious 
inquiries that were showered upon him. 
"I have said before," said he, "that all the proba- 
bilities are against the President's recovery. There 
is nothing in his condition at present to warrant me 
in changing that statement." 
"Is he likely to die to-day?" 
"I think not." 
At that moment Dr. Bliss came down the stairs 
and said to your correspondents:- 
"The rigors are terrible. The first thing we may 
know is that he has passed away in one of them." 
Dr. Agnew, with his leisurely step, came to the 
hall and bowed to the party. 
"Have you a word of encouragement for the 
Hbbald bulletin?" I asked. 
"I have nothing encouraging to say this morning 
to any one about the President's case," and then 
bowing again he passed on. 
About noon Dr. Bliss made his appearance again 
among the newspaper men and was questioned for 
the latest from the sick chamber. The Doctor re- 
plied in a general sort ot way that there was no 
material change since the early morning. THK PATIENT'S CONDITION. 
"How are the bed sores, Doctor?" he was asked. 
"Is the boil on the back any worse?" 
"No, we think not, but wo have not turned him 
»ver to look. We do not turn him specially for ex- 
amination, but whenever we catch him on his side 
then we make an examination." 
"Is he exhausted after the chills?" 
"Yes, naturally he is, but he is now sleeping tran- 
luilly." 
"How was his voice this morning, Doctor?" 
"Not over fairly clear. Recently it has not had 
•hat hoarseness which characterized it at the begin- 
ning of tlm lingual trouble." 
Dr. Bliss further said that since the rigors began 
the patient had not expressed any wish to sit up in 
the chair, as he had done some time ago. "The 
President seems to fully appreciate the gravity of 
the change which has taken place in his condition," 
the Doctor added. NEW YORK HERALD 
!the body was about one hundred and twenty 
pounds, showing a loss of adipose tissue since 
his prostration of about one hundred pounds. 
A singular feature of the case in view of 
the terrible waste in all other parts Is the compara- 
tively natural appearance of the face, which shows 
Bss change from the exhausting dram upon the sys- 
tm than any other portion of the body. The cheeks 
ire sunken, but the general contour of the face is 
lot so much altered as might have been expected. 
EMBALMED. 
Th • body was embalmed by James W Walsh, of 
the Medical University College of New York. The 
process was partially performed before the autopsy 
and completed afterward. It was very successful, 
and the corpse presents a very natural appearance. 
4 gone through the body in a straight linej 
j it must to make those po.nts have been fired from j 
Jan elevation of ten teet-assuming a distance of 
i thirty for the assassin's position. But it was known i 
.! that the assassin stood upon the same level with his 
i victim. Therefore it was evident to any who 
reasoned on the facts that the ball had been de- 
< fleeted. How and by what had its course been 
J turned and what were all the consequences of the 
! change of direction? These were the necessary S 
1 problems of the surgery of the case; and a fair at-» 
< tempt to answer them would have shown the reals 
I character of the injury. 
'It was also illogical not to uso the probe; for if the! 
ball had gone through the body, as was supposed, he " 
was a dying man and a probe would not have hurt! 
• him, but it it had not gone through the probe I 
would have shown that fact in half a minute. 
Brom this great initial error in diagnosis fol-1 
lowed a general demoralization in the consideration ? 
of the case and a misinterpretation of every symp-J 
tom. If the morph.a put him to sleep he was? 
'•comatose;'' if the utropia ran his pulse up I 
twenty or thirty or fifty beats beyond, what the? 
emotions of the case would put it, he was dying { 
from internal hemorrhage. Thus from one error to i 
another the case went through its early days andu 
the President was treated for diseases that existed 5 
only in the imagination of those about him, and thej 
disease he had received no attention. 
An important incident of the early history of the! 
case was the attempt of Dr. Baxter to see the Brest-f 
<deut, on the claim that he was the President's fam. 
ily physician. Ho was excluded by Dr. Biiss, who 
, accused Dr. Baxter of "wanting to steal the case." 
■ Dr. A-new, of Philadelphia, and Dr. Frank Harn/,1 
3 ton, of New York, were called in consultation Ju jy 
■1 and approved the treatment. It has been said t nat 
; the treatment, though erroneous and blundering be- 
| fore theso surgeons came into the case, was reg'alar, 
' intelligent and scientific subsequently. This tfdffer- 
< mice is not perceptible to the nuked eye. 'These 
i gentlemen accepted the treatment broadly, blunders 
| and all,- and approved o£ it. They wore ca/ded bo- 
:cause there was an opinion abroad that case oi 
1 such grav.ty should be seen by men of more ex- 
perience than Washington could furnish, and be- 
i cause the country wanted to feel sure / that there 
isnould be no sad oversight-no g.reat mls- 
i take. This sentiment was the warrant for' 
this presence. This warrant they did not justify.! 
( They failed to detect immediately the g real error in । 
5 the diagnosis, and if they detected it at any timej 
5 they never made any official declaration of that fact. * 
I They failed to perceive that there tvas no wound 
j that could cause either peritonitis > or hemorrhage? 
or have any other suddenly fatal effect, and, by ap-t 
j proving what was done by the surgeons in charge,! 
j kept them in possession of the cnse, and thus pre-j 
vented the patient from having toe most intelligentE 
treatment. 
From the date of the injury v.ntil July 20 may be j 
called the first stage of the C3.se. In all that period! 
the trouble was an ordinary gunshot wound, com-1 
plicated merely by the fractv.re of a rib and involv-E 
mg no vital organ and no blood vessel that could E 
cause a suddenly fatal or oven dangerous homor- 
' rhage. In such a condition the issues of rapid ana 
j easy recovery turn strictly upon a correct diagnosis 
j and correct treatment; death is not involved if a 
j patient of gool constitution has these. But an erro- 
i neons opinion of the n.aturo of the wound having 
been formed, and remaining uncorrected, it was be- 
lieved that the case tv as necessarily fatal, and, there- 
fore, that it was noA, thought worth while to bother 
the patient with examinations.. Hence there was^ 
practically no surgical treatment of the case. The! 
patient was watched and carefully nursed, and fromS 
July 6 to 19 there was a regular and fair improve-[ 
ment interrupted only By one day of baa and fever-f 
ish symptoms. By the 16th he was eating well, the! 
danger seemed that he might be overfed, and ther 
surgeons seemed to have almost forgotten that there I 
was a bulletin the body, and even, by the progress i> 
j of the case, to be justified in that course. In this! 
stage of the case-toward the end of this stage as re- 
cently stated by Dr. Hamilton, it was determined by 
! himself and one or more of his associates that 
■ the bullet* was lodged in the iliac region 
| beneath the psoas, as had been argued in the Hebald 
I July 9, and that the peritoneum was consequently 
not wounded. Even then, however, it was deter- 
| mined to be wiser not to attempt to extract it, and J 
I it was left alone on the theory that a cyst would! 
' form around it and that it would do np harm where? 
I it lay. It was possible that a cyst might form; butf 
| ihe rule is that they do not, and especially-that they F 
do not in the case of a misshapen bullet. This treat-! 
ment, therefore, preferred a possibility to a rule 
! established on an average of cases. In case the 
j bullet was not encysted ihe alternative was an ab- 
scess filled with ret-ined and depraved pus, and the 
• possible contamination of the system by the ab- 
!• sorption of that pus-in short, pyaimia. 
By Saturday, July 23, the case had fully entered 
upon its second stage, the stage of pur ulent con- 
| lamination. On Friday night he bad been restless 
! and at seven A. M. ha had a chill. At half-past 
j eleven A. M. he had another chill, and at half-past 
| twelve P. M. his pulse was 125, temperature 104 and 
respiration 26. The wound hud ceased to 
| discharge pus 'and it was thought that a 
BROADWAY AND- ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
propbibtoe. 
THE AUTOPSY. 
Thia evening all was quiet around the house 
; where General Garfield's body lay. There had been 
? several ot the members or the Cabinet closeted with 
8 President Arthur in the adjoining cottage; but they 
j left before sunset, and there was nothing to attract 
attention but the scenes around the Francklyn Cot- 
- tagfe. All bad been made ready for the autopsy. 
; The summons to make this had been sent to Dr. 
' Lamb, of Washington; but the occasion was one ot 
* so great importance that it was not, even when 
4 the summons was issued, expected that ho 
5 alone would make it. There were no less 
■ than eight physicians present-Surgeon General 
Barnes, of the United States Army; Surgeon Gen- 
■ eral Woodward, of the United States Army; Dr. 
: W odward's assistant. Dr. Lamb, who performed 
; the aciual operation; Dr. Robert Keyburn, Dr. A. 
> H. Smith, Dr. Bliss and the two consultation phy- 
l sicians, Drs. Agnew and Hamilton. The autopsy 
■ was a very careful one and occupied an unu- 
| sual length ot time. The physicians entered the cot- 
। tage at about half-past four aud their labors were not 
■ concluded until about nine minutes after seven, all 
, the organs of the body being thoroughly examined. 
OFFICIAL REPORT OF THS AUTOPSY. 
j The following official bulletin was prepared at 
; eleven o'clock to-night by the surgeons who have 
been in attendance upon the late President; - 
I By previous arrangement a post mortem examina- 
■ tion of the body of President Garfield was made this 
S afternoon in the presence and with the assistance of 
Drs. Hamilton, Agnew, Bliss, Barnes, Woodward, 
| Heyburn, Andrew H. Smith, of Elberon, and Acting 
^Assistant Surgeon D. S. Lamb, of the Army Medical 
Museum, Washington. The operation was por- 
1 formed by Dr. Lamb. It was found that the ball, 
atfer fracturing the right eleventh rib, had 
y passed through the spinal column in 
front ot the spinal canal, fracturing the 
j body of the first lumbar vertebrae, driving a number 
3 of small fragments of bone into the adjacent soft 
$ parts and lodging below the panacreas, about two 
inches and a half to the left ot the spine and behind 
; the peritoneum, where it had become com- 
pletely encysted. The immediate cause of 
I death was secondary hemorrhage, from one 
, of the mesenteric arteries adjoining the 
track of the ball, the blood rupturing the perito- 
neum and nearly a pint escaping into the abdominal 
cavity. This hemorrhage is believed to have been 
the cause or the severe pain in the lowei 
part of the chest complained of just be- 
fare death. An abscess cavity, six inches 
by four in dimension, was found in the vicinity ol 
the gall bladder, between the liver and the trans, 
verse colon, which were strongly adherent. It did 
not involve the substance ot the liver, 
aud no communication was found between 
it aud the wound. A long suppurat* 
ing channel extended from the external wound, 
between the loin muscles and the right kidney, 
almost to the right groin. This channel, now known 
to be due to the burrowing of pus trom the wound, 
was sUiiposed during life to have been 
the track or the ball. On an examination 
of the organs or the chest evidences of severe 
bronchitis were found on both sides, with 
broncho-pneumonia of the lower portions of the 
right lung, and, though to a much less extent, of the 
left. The lungs contained no abscesses and the 
heart no clots. The liver was enlarged and tatty 
but free from abscesses. Nor were any found 
in any other organ except the left kidney 
which contained near its surface a small abscess 
about one-third of an inch in diameter. In review- 
ing the history of the case in connection with the 
autopsy, it is quiet evident that the different sup- 
purating surfaces, aud especially the fractured, 
spongy tissue ot the vertebra, furnish a sufficient 
explanation qf the septic condition which existed. 
D. W. BLISS. 
J. K. BARNES. 
J. J. WOODWARD. 
ROBERT REYBURN. 
FRANK H. HAMILTON. 
D. HAYES AGNEW. 
ANDREW H. SMITH. 
D. S. LAMB. 
THE PRESIDENT'S BODY. 
The President's body shows the effects of the ter- 
rible sufferings he experienced. It has wasted away 
to a skeleton, and is nothing but skin and bone. In 
the language of oue of the undertaker's assistants 
! who helped in dressing it for the coffin "it looked 
' like the body of a person who had died in the last 
] stages of consumption.'' The limbs had ail wasted 
1 away and the ribs and other bones of the body were 
i painfully prominent. The length measurements for 
the coffin were six feet two inches. The weight of' 
NEW YORK. WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 21, 1881 
HISTORY OF THE CASE. 
Mr. Garfield was shot on July 2, at twenty 
mitautes past nine A. U., us he passed through the 
station of the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad to 
take the train. Two shots were fired from a lieav^ 
pistol, but only one ball hit him. He -fell immedi- 
ately. Five minutes later he was seen by Dr. Smith 
Townsend, the first surgeon to reach the spot, who 
found him in a state of quasi collapse, with pulse 
not discernible at the wrist. He gave aromatic 
spirits of ammonia in brandy, with good effect; this 
medicine was repeated about half an hour later. 
Besides the shock, and the nervous symptoms re- 
lated to it, the only symptoms noted by Dr. Town- 
send were first pain and a prickling sensation in the 
right leg and foot; about an hour later this prick- 
ling sensation, or "a disagreeable tingling sensa- 
tion," was felt in both lower extremities 
tnd not alone in the right, and was accompanied 
with "severe pain in the right hypogastric region." 
These pains were judged severe enough to justify 
the giving in the course of the day three hypoder- 
mic injections of morphia and atropia together. 
Superficial examination of the position of the wound? 
Was made at the station by Dr. Townsend, to facili-t 
late which the President himself turned over, prov-| 
ing there was no paralysis. He was carried up! 
stairs at the station, and subsequently brought!' 
iown again and taken to the White House. From! 
Ihe time when the wound was looked at by Dr.I 
Townsend at half-past nine in the morning until! 
eight at night it received no effsWve atten-S 
tion; for ten hours and a half the sur-t 
geons only administered hypodermic injections! 
and stimulants and did not endeavor to ascertains 
the true nature of the injury. At eight P. M., when 
the natural consequences of contusion had in a great 
degree closed the channel of the bullet, an insuf- 
ficient and unskilful examination was made, (from 
which it was concluded that the missile had entered 
the body about two inches to the right of the fourth 
lumbar vertebra, between the tenth and eleventh ■ 
ribs, had passed through the liver and could not be * 
traced further, and that the use of the probe would 
bo improper. It was assumed, not ascertained, that 
the wound mortal. In the course of that after- 
noon Dr. Bliss, the physician in charge, thought 
that the eviuences of internal hemorrhage wore dis- 
tinctly recognizable and that collapse was imminent. 
At a quarter to seven P. M. he believed the patient was ' 
sinking rapidly. At that time the physicians con- 
sidered the case hopeless. At the consultation of 
the physicians at eight P. M., above referred to, the 
unanimous conclusion was that the President, who 
appeared to have lost consciousness, could not 
live until midnight. Between eight and nine 
o clock, however, ha recovered consciousness, and 
there was a marked improvement in his condition. 
His temperature fell to 99, pearly normal, and the 
pulse, which had increased to 158, fell to 134. By 
ten o'clock the pulse had fallen to 130, and by eleven 
to 124, with the temperature remaining at 99. At 
twelve P. M. a bulletin was issued saying that the? 
improved condition of the President was maintained, £ 
and that ho was resting quietly. In these statements} 
the expressions used are those* of the physicians, h 
It is prop t to say. howovnr, that thd Presidents 
did not lose and recover consciousness. He was?, 
n rcotized. and he waked up. 
Il was believed possible on the day the President > 
was shot that the bullet had not really entered tber 
abdi miual cavity, and in fact it had not. It hadf. 
p netrated at the point designated above and or.-y 
countered the eleventh rib, which it comminuted*, 
but which greatly arrAsted its progress and gave it 
new direction, so that from the rib it went dowi# 
ward and passing behind the deep muscles nd I 
partly around the body lodged in the abdomi- j: 
nal wall at that point in the right bypo-r 
gastric region where the patient felt pain, t 
In this passage it did not, of course, | 
I enter the peritoneal cavity, nor touch the liver, norjf 
I in auy way harm that organ, unless the smart blowE 
of the ball at a point opposite the gland may havei 
icaused a slight congestion. Theso facts were not! 
! discovered, because no thorough examination of thei 
| wound-was made by anybody; it was judged to be I 
i what men feared it was, and science was displaced! 
by credulity and panic. And yet the indication i 
I that the view taken by the surgeons was not justi-t 
| tied by the facts lay upon the surface, for the point J 
| of lodgement of the bullet, as indicated at the time, J. 
! was at lea^t four inches lower down than thop 
[point of penetration. Now., if the bullet hadj . 1 pus cavity had been formed. The patient 
vomited several times during the morning. 
1 It was held by surgeons outside the case that this 
was pyajmla, and this opinion was sustained in the 
j Hekald pt Sunday. July 24. We then said:-"At 
< the end of the twenty-first day of the case the Pres- 
«ident was seized with a rigor-a severe and extended 
t chid; a chill that appears to have continuedanhour. 
(This chill followed a bad, restle s night, 
and was succeeded by a great and sud- 
J den increase of the pujse, which went from! 
yJO to 130. Simultaneously the temperature rose 
$ to 101 and the respiration to 24. There was a scanty 
Jdischarge from the wound, if not, indeed, a total! 
jarrest of the discharge, and the peculiar system! 
| adopted in this case of forcing a discharge by exer-l 
j rising pressure on the abdomen was without result 
; for the simple reason, apparently, that there was 
( no pus there. Coincidently with the other changes 
j the hitherto pyogenic surface had ceased to suppu- 
rate. As the day wore on there was little ameliora-l 
I tion of the condition, but, on the contrary, at half-1 
I past eleven there was a second -chill, and the tern-I 
4 perature on this occasion rose to 104 and the respl-8 
'ration to 26. This was followed by a colliquative^ 
3 sweat, or, in the .deceptive words of theft 
'bulletin, the President 'perspired freely.' Thea 
! discharge was re-established during the day, at what| 
I hour is not mentioned m the reports. * * ** 
1 Pyaemia is the word that covers all this change. 8 
. Beyond reasonable doubt purulent absorption lias* 
. taken place, and the President's constitution, worn£ 
J down now by twenty-one nays of trouble, is to be' 
j put to the severest test that can happen in the his-t 
tory of any wound. It may carry him through, but! 
j once again it must be said, as it was said in the dayst 
■i w hen it was believed that the bullet bad possibly^ 
3 cut an intestine, the probabilities, as derived from? 
1 a consideration of the percentage of cases, are against! 
8 recovery." 
2 The physicians denied that pytemia had set in f 
Mother chilis followed, and on Sunday morning Dr'f 
a Agnew performed an operation to relieve the pusr 
cavity w.'eich had formed a lew inches below where; 
' the ball-entered the President's body. The cut was | 
labour, an inch in length and three-quarters of an I 
'inch in depth and extended into the original wound, r 
At night it was found th it the pus from the wound k 
was draining through the new opi ning. This op-ra- r 
tion gave temporary relief and the fever diminished. [ 
J T ins flow of pus became as free as usual. In the: 
course of this operation it was found that the J- 
eleventh rib had suffered a compound fracture, ■' 
jit was broken in two places and bent iu-' 
7 ward. The explorations made by Dr. Agn«w i 
'j for the operation of the 24th was the first minuter 
^examination ot the wound made by any surgeon, j 
land only at this period did the wound receive even ; 
.the simple attention involved in the removal of the< 
^foreign substances. From the good effects of thef 
$ operation ot July 24 it was thought that the trouble! 
>3with the retained pus was overcome. He seemed to I 
< bo on the road to recovery once more. Cheering re-| 
jports continued as to the progress of the patient. I 
4 His good spirits returned and his app^-f 
Jtite was excellent. Through the week the symp-| 
Itoms continued favorable and ultimate recovery was'' 
•Jconfidently anticipated. The wound appeared to be[ 
^in good condition, and the patient rested well and ; 
'relished his nourishment. Solid food was iakou on f 
i jthe following day. His pulse on that day-Satur-i; 
•day, July 30-varied from 02 to 104. On Monday, £ 
(August 1, the electric induction balance was triedb 
and confirmed the opinion that the ball lay in the I 
front wall of the abdomen, about five inches below | 
and to the right of the navel, and just over they 
ii'groin. It was not admitted that the trouble was I 
jpyaemia; therefore it was not recognized that the J 
Nibali was doiugiail the harm, and it was still thought* 
ibest not to atte mpt to remove it. In the following B 
•Afew days the reports were all encouraging. Thef 
^President's voice was natural, he took nourishment^ 
'^inthe usual quantities, and the febrile symptomsj 
were not sv.ch as to cause alarm. His recovery was [ 
lj regarded as only a question of time. 
y On August 8 a second operation was performed, I 
| whether in an attempt to find the ball or facilitate! 
; the discharge of pus has never been known. It oc- j 
jeupied, an hour, and the President was under the in-| 
, fluence of ether for that period. From the depress-! 
ling influence of that operation he had not recovered , 
' whemanother recurrence of bad symptoms came onj 
•sAugust 14. On that day he vomited three times. | 
Ij At hs.lf-past six P. M. h.s pulse was 130. For the fir»t J 
jj time since he was wounded nourishment was adminis- * 
j tore; I by injection. The alarm that spread over the j 
j cou ntry was increased the uext day, Tuesday, August ' 
11G. by the news that the patient had vomited again j 
•saweral times during the night. His puise ranged? 
* cVuripg the day from 110 to 120. His stomach con-! 
jt inued weak and nourishment was given by injcc-l 
I' tion. He failed to rally from the prostration brought j 
/on the day before. Ou Wednesday, August 17, a | 
i more hopeful feeling prevailed at the White House. 
j The patient took small quantities of food in the nat-l 
• oral way and his temperature was lower. His con-' 
i dition on the whole was rather'more encouraging, 
although, as Secretary Blaine telegraphed Minister 
Lowell, it was extremely critical. 
! On August 18 began what we may call the third! 
stage ot the case-the period of metastatic abscesses, j 
In the first stage the trouble was simply a eunshot ' 
j wound; in the second stage-beginning, say July 
| ,J23-the trouble was pyaemia; in the third stage the 
||;J abscesses were mainly worthy attention. It is true 
/ that the pyaemia continued to the end, but after Au- 
^gust 18 nearly every other manifestation of that 
[ trouble dropped out of sight, owing to the formida- 
I a ble symptoms developed by the metastatic abscesses. 
I but from the onset of the pyiemia the history is not 
J that of a wound and its necessary consequences, but 
■ got constitutional contamination due to the poison 
developed in the system by the presence of the 
!;1 bullet. 
The first of the terrible abscesses was that in the 
a parotid gland, which came as if to close a regular 
; 'procession of all the symptoms of a well marked 
®case of deep purulent contamination. On Thurso 
&pay. August 18. the noon bulletin said that the Bres- 
in ident was suffering from inflammation of the right 
parotid gland. The symptom was not regarded by 
&jthe surgeons as serious, but on the contrary was 
^repeatedly spoken of by them as a fact of no great 
moment. For ali the remainder of the month ot 
p August, however, the history of that abscess 
tis the history of the case. Dissnlu- 
gtion seemed imminent from the trouble 
11 with that abscess on August 27, for its Pad effects 
J were aggravate ! by the early and mistaken attempt 
S to disperse it. It was treated on the theory that it 
J was like an ordinary gathering and might be scat- 
>'terod, which was founded upon the ever present 
/^theory of the surgeons that there was no pyemia. 
^The attempt to scatter it only drove it from the sur- 
face and forced ^the openings into the mouth anal 
!into the ears. These greatly increased theirrita-l 
tion. 
On September 7 the President was taken to Lone I 
Branch, for it was admitted that he must die if he 
IMstayed in Washington and that removal afforded a 
faint hope. He stood ;he removal well because he 
was then so low that ordinary irritations scarcely 
retched his consciousness. 
Before his removal there had bean indications off 
.the formation of a metastatic abscess in ' 
zlthe lungs, and we spoke of this more . 
J than two weeks since, but the fact was ■ 
i denied by the surgeons. There was purulent 
| expectoration before the parotid gland had ceased v 
J to dischapge into the mouth, but it was only when ; 
I the gland ceased to suppurate that the source of i 
these sputa was seen to be the thorax, and then they 1 
were attributed to bronchitis. About three days ; 
J since it was first clearly recognized that there was a ! 
J metastatic abscess in the lungs, and this compli- 
j cation, enough to kill even a man in good health, : 
! rapidly brought down the exhausted victim of so 
'many antecedent ills. 
j There is probably not one well instructed medical 
|man in the United States who does not to-day be- 
pievethatif the surgeons hnd cut tor the bullet on 
•July 3 they would have found it, and that the great 
stamina of the patient would have carried him 
through that not very difficult operation, and that 
he would have perfectly recovered in a short time 
from the wound and all its eonsequences. Then 
there would have been no pyaemia, and it was the 
pyaemia that led the way to death. 
1'he History oT tbe Case, 
On another page will be iound a history I 
gof the President's case from the moment of 
^shooting until the last day. The conclu- 
Bsions, iu brief, are that for ten hours and a 
g half after the shot was tired the wound re- 
fl ceived no proper attention. To relieve pain 
land keep the patient alive seem to have 
j been the only thought ot the physicians, who 
| evidently believed that death was immi- 
nent. No attempt was made to probe for 
I the bullet, which finally was the cause of 
(death. Prominent physicians were called 
|for consultation, and they accepted a diag- 
jnosis which had been made exclusively 
I by guesswork by men who had no 
sfully examined the wound. It seems 
Snot to have been .known for three 
| weeks that the bullet had glanced 
a downward from a rib that it struck 
S so hard as to break it in two places, and not 
©until this time was there any attempt made 
Eto remove foreign substances from the 
a wound. Pyaemia, induced by absorption 
Suf pus caused by irritation from a bullet 
| that might have been removed, undoubt- 
Bedly set in before the end of July, and 
a since then the Presidents physique 
Shad been fighting a losing battle 
M against blood poison. The patient 
Shas probably received as careful and eliect- 
a ive nursing as medical skill could suggest; 
Wbut it nevertheless appears that had not 
Mthe case been improperly diagnosed St 
2 first, had not professional courtesy caused 
B distinguished surgeons called for con- 
|sultation to accept the diagnosis already 
Imade, and had the bullet been extracted ai 
•'any time during the first three weeks, Pr.es- 
1 ident Garfield would in all probability hav. j 
been alive to-day. 
he'S olit SJuilu ©nibwt 
Founded by Horace greeley. 
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1881. 
Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 20.-The autopsy on 
•the President's body lasted about three and a half 
hours. One of the gentlemen present makes the 
following statement in regard to it: 
The ball was not found until the various parts of 
the abdomen were explored and cut asunder. The 
ball in its course broke the eleventh rib, fractured 
the spinal column, but did not touch the spinal cord. 
It lodged two aud a half or three inches directly 
to the left of the spinal column in f 
the mesentery. The channel which has hitherto been 
supposed to be the track of the ball proved to be a 
pus cavity formed by the burrowing of the pus 
downward. 
The catheter used by the surgeons is believed by 
my informant to have bent upon itself, deceiving 
the surgeons in regard to the real depth of the 
wound. There was a large abscess between the 
liver and the gall duct, which according to 
the same authority was metastatic. 
■This abscess was not connected with the track of 
the wound or the channel formed by burrowing. 
On each of the kidneys was a small abscess. The 
lungs, especially the right one, were badly 
diseased. A large amount of pus flowed 
freely from the bronchial tubes, while by 
cutting into the tubes a considerable amount 
of pus was discovered in little metastatic abscesses ; 
there was purulent infiltration of both lungs. This 
pus was healthy. There were no abscesses in the 
hver itself, but those in the kidneys were me- 
tastatic or pyajmic. There were adhesions 
of the lungs to the chest wall at 
the upper part of each lung, showing a previous 
pleurisy ; whether it antedated the shooting the ex- 
amination did not show. The intestines were very 
adherent one to another, showing the existence 
of former peritonitis. The abscess in the 
right kidney was not opened. The rigors 
from which the President has been suffering 
for a few days were probably caused by the abscesses 
between the liver and the gall duct. 
The authority from which this information is 
gathered says that it proves the presence of pyaemia' 
Dr. Bliss Ou the other hand says that while there 
were septic conditions there was no pyaemia. 
The following official bulletin was prepared at 
11 o'clock to-night by the surgeons who have 
been in attendance upon the late President: 
By previous arrangement a post-mortem examina- 
tion of the body of President Garfield was made 
this afternoon in the presence and with the assist- 
ance of Drs. Hamilton, Agnew, Bliss, Barnes, Wood- 
ward, Reyburn, Andrew H. Smith, of Elberon, and 
Acting Assistant-Surgeon D. S. Lamb, of the Army 
Medical Museum of Washington. The operation 
was performed by Dr. Lamb. It was found 
that the ball, after fracturing the right eleventh 
rib, had passed through the spinal column in front 
of the spinal cord, fracturing the body of the first 
lumbar vertebra, driven a number of small frag- 
ments of bone into the adjacent soft parts, aud 
lodging below the pancreas, about two inches and a 
half to the left of the spine, and behind the perito- 
neum, where it had become completely encysted. 
The immediate cause of death was secondary 
hemorrhage from one of the mesenteric arteries ad- 
joining the track of the ball, the blood rupturing 
the peritoneum, and nearly a pint escaping into the 
abdominal cavity. This hemorrhage is belDve d to 
have been the cause of the severe pain iu the lower 
part of the chest complained of just be- 
fore death. An abscess cavity, six inches 
by four in dimensions, was found iu the vicinity of 
the gall bladder, between the liver and the trans- 
verse colon, which were strongly adherent. It did 
not involve the substance of the liver, and no com- 
munication was found between it and the wound. 
A long suppurating channel extended from the 
external wound, between the loin muscles and the right kidney, almost to the right groin. Tliis chan-1 
nel, now known to be due to the burrowing of pus I 
from the wound, was supposed during life to have | 
been the track of the ball. 
On an examination of the organs of the chest evi- 
dences of severe bronchitis were found on both 
sides, with broncho-pneumonia of the lower portions 
of the right lung, and, though to a much less ex- 
tent, of the left. The lungs contained no abscesses, 
and the heart no clots. The liver was enlarged and 
fatty, but not from abscesses. Nor were any found i 
in any other organ except the left kidney, which [ 
contained near its surface a small abscess about one- 
third of an inch in diameter. 
In reviewing the history of the case in connection 
with the autopsy, it is quite evident that the differ- 
ent suppurating surfaces, and especially the frac- 
tured, spongy tissue of the vertebrae, furnish a suf- 
ficient explanation of the septic condition which ex- 
isted, 
D. W. Bliss. 
J. K. Barnes. 
J. J. Woodward. 
Egbert Reyburn. 
Frank H. Hamilton. 
D. Hayes Agnew. 
Andrew H. Smith. 
D. S. Lamb. 
THE LAST HOUR OF HIS LIFE. ■ 
descriptions of the president's DEATH-STATE-I 
MENTS BY GENERAL SWAIM AND DR. BOYNTON I 
-THE GROUP ABOUT THE BEDSIDE-A EULOGY 
BY THE MEMBERS OF THE CABINET. 
Long Branch, Sept. 20.-Judge Advocate Gen- 
eral Swaim, who was with the President when he 
begun sinking last night, gives a description of 
great interest of the President's last moments of 
Life. To-day he said: "It was my night to watch 
with the President. I had been with him a good 
deal of the time from 3 o'clock in the afternoon. A 
few minutes before 10 o'clock I left Colonel Rock- 
well, with whom I had been talking for some min- 
utes, in the lower hall and proceeded upstairs to the 
President's room. On entering I found Mrs. Gar- 
field sitting by his bedside. There were no other 
persons in the room. I said to her, 'How 
is everything going V She replied, 'He is 
sleeping nicely.' I then said. ' I think 
you had better go to bed andrest.' I asked her 
what had been prescribed for him to take during 
the night. She replied that she did not know ; that 
she had given him milk punch at 8 o'clock. I then 
said, ' If you will wait a moment I will go into the 
Doctor's room and see what is to be given during 
the night.' She then said, ' There is beef tea 
down stairs. Daniel knows where to get it.' I then 
went into the Doctor's room. I found Dr. Bliss 
there, and asked him what was to be given during 
the night. He answered : ' I think I had better 
fix up a list, and will bring it in to you pretty 
soon.' I then went back into the surgeon's room, 
and had some little conversation with Mrs. Garfield. 
She felt of the President's hand and laid her hand 
on his forehead, and said, ' He seems to be in a 
good condition.' and passed out of the 
room. I immediately felt his hands, feet 
and knees. I thought that his knees 
seemed a little cool and got a flannel cloth, heated 
it at the fire and laid it over his limbs. I also 
heated another cloth and laid it ove- his right hand, 
and then sat down in a chair beside his bed. I was 
hardly seated when Dr. Boynton came in and felt 
the President's pulse. I asked him how it seemed 
to him. He replied, ' It is not as strong as it was 
this afternoon, but very good.' I said ' He seems to 
be doing well.' 'Yes' he answered and passed 
out. He was not in the room more than two min- 
utes.' 
" Shortly after this the President awoke. As he 
turned his head on awakening I arose and took 
hold of his hand. I was on the left hand side of the 
bed as he lay. I remarked, ' You have had a nice 
comfortable sleep.' 
"Hethen said, 'Oh, Swaim, this terrible pain,' 
placing his right hand on his breast, about over the l 
region of the heart. I asked him if I could do any- 
thing for him. He said, 'Some water.' I went to 
the other side of the room and poured about an 
ounce and a half of Poland water into a glass and 
ga ve it to him to drink. He took the glass in his hand, 
I raising his head as usual, and drank the water very 
naturally. I then handed the glass to the colored 
man Daniel, who came in during the time I was 
getting the water. Afterward I took a napkin and 
wiped his forehead, as he usually perspired on 
awaking. He then said, 'Oh, Swaim, this terrible 
pain-press your hand on it.' I laid my hand on his 
chest. He then threw both hands up to the side 
and about on a line with his head, and exclaimed. 
'Oh, Swaim, can't you stop this?' And again, 'Oh, | 
Swaim!' ' 
" I then saw him looking at me with a staring ex-1 
pression. I asked him if he was suffering much I 
pain. Receiving no answer, I repeated the question, I 
with like result. I then concluded that he was | 
either dying or was having a severe spasm and । 
called to Daniel, who was at the door, to tell Dr. ' 
Bliss and Mrs. Garfield to come immediately and i 
glanced at the small clock hanging on the chande- I 
lier nearly over the foot of his bed and saw that it l 
was ten minutes past 10 o'clock. Dr, Bliss came in 
within two or three minutes. I told Daniel to bring 
the light. A lighted candle habitually sat behind a 
screen near the door. When the light shone full on 
the President's face I saw that he was dying. 
When Dr. Bliss came in a moment after 
I said, 'Doctor, have you any stimulants 
he seems to be dying.' He took hold of the Presi- 
dent's wrist, as if feeling for his pulse, and said : 
'Yes, he is dying.' I then said to Daniel: 'Run 
and arouse the house.' At that moment Colonel 
Rockwell came in, when Dr. Bliss said: ' Let us rub 
his limbs,' which he did. In a very few moments 
Mrs. Garfield came in, and said: ' "What does this 
mean?' and a moment after exclaimed: 'Oh, why 
am I made to suffer this cruel wrong ?' At 10:30 
p. m. the sacrifice was completed. He breathed his 
last calmly and peacefully. 
" At the final moment the following persons were 
present: Mrs. Garfield and Miss Mollie Garfield, 
Drs. Bliss, Agnew and Boynton, General Swaim, 
Colonel and Mrs. Rockwell, J. Stanley Brown, C. O. 
Rockwell and Daniel Spriggs." 
Dr. Boynton gives the following full account 
of the death scene: 
Just before 10 o'clock as the cottage was closing, 
he went up to the President's room and upon feeling 
the President's pulse noticed it was weaker. With- 
out awakening the President he called the atten- 
tion of General Swaim to the fact, and then, think- j 
iug a change was impending, he went over to the I 
hotel to send some dispatch. He was almost imme- 
diately summoned. Upon going over in haste and 
entering the room he saw clearly that the President j 
was dying. Most of the family had arrived in the 
room, all the surgeons were found in time except I 
Dr. Hamilton. Scarcely a word was spoken by any 3 
one, as it was clear to all at a glance | 
that the President was dying. As those j 
summoned came in they silently took their j 
places about the bed. Colonel Rockwell stood at j 
the he <d, General Swaim first to the left, next Mrs. | 
Garfield, who gently held her hand on the Presi- 
dent's face and breast. Next stood Mr. W. Rook- e 
well. Dr. Boynton stood to the right of the Presi- | 
dent's head, next Dr. Agnew, and next to him Dr. F 
I Bliss. Private Secretary Brown stood a little in the | 
rear and to the left of Mrs. Garfield. "Dan," the । 
colored man, was a little way from the foot of the J 
bed. Miss Mollie Garfield was near the door. 
| All stood silently in these positions watching the f 
dying man. Once or twice there were low whispers 
among the surgeons. Dr. Agnew held the pulse, 
and Dr. Boynton listened for the heart, but could 
hear no sound. The only treatment attempted was 
to give a hypodermic injection to allay pain. The 
President lay perfectly still after he first called for 
General Swaim and told him of the pain over his 
heart. He simply gasped slowly and at intervals, 
and thus watched he passed quietly away in about I 
twenty minutes. Not a muscle moved except in the I 
gasping, and there was no quiver or expression to I 
tell of pain. At death, the eyes rested half closed, I 
as if in partial sleep. Mrs. Garfield was strongly af- 
fected, but said nothing, and did not break down. 
After death she left the room quietly, but returned 
in about half an hour and sat by rhe bed, scarcely 
speaking until about 2 o'clock. At that hour Dr. 
Boynton urged her to retire, which she did. 
One present in the room at the time of the death! 
says Mrs. Garfield bore herself with surprising forti I 
tude. Her Christian courage did not forsake her! 
I for a moment. She remained a short time after 
the death was apparent to all, then withdrew 
quietly to her own room. Miss Mollie Garfield was 
overcome from the moment of the sudden summons 
to go to her father's bedside, and gave full vent to 
her grief iu spite of every effort at self-control. To 
most there, as to all outside, the sudden and unfore- 
seen news came more as a bewildering shock than 
as an event which could be measured or realized. 
Hours after men walked and talked of it as of a 
matter scarcely tangible. 
I The suddenness with which the news of the death 
came can hardly be realized by one not at Elberon. 
The cottage was closed at 10 o'clock for the night. 
The two doorkeepers, Ricker and Atchison, had 
strolled down to the beach for a short walk be fore 
going to bed. Suddenly Ricker said to Atchison 
that the house was all lighted up. \They both 
started up, and at the cottage door niet Private 
Secretary Brown, who told them that the'President 
was very low, and asked them to call the surgeons 
and the Attorney -General and other members of the 
Cabinet. Dr. Boynton was talking in the hotel 
office at the time. He hastily ran toward the cot- 
Itage. and in a moment or two returned and an- 
nounced that the President was rapidly sinking, 
and again he returned to the death chamber. At-1 
torney-General MacVeagh was in bed, but ho was! 
up and dressedin two or three minuses. A carriage | 
was hastily dispatched for the other members ofg 
the Cabinet at the West End, but they did not ar-E 
rive till some minutes after the sad event had ocP 
curred. The first news of the death of the Presi-E 
dent which reached the outside of the cottage was® 
carried by Warren Young, one of the White House E 
clerks. He carried in his hand some dispatches ■ 
which had been indited to relatives of the Presi-B 
dent. He was asked about the condition of the £ 
President and replied: " All is over." I 
THE DAY AFTER AT ELBERON. i 
SCENES ABOUT THE FRANCKLYN COTTAGE-MRS. | 
GARFIELD'S FORTITUDE-PRESENCE OF PRESI- | 
DENT ARTHUR'S FRIENDS-ARRIVAL OF ONE 3 
OF GEN* RAL GARFIELD'S SO\S. 
IBY TELEGRAPH TO THE TRIBUNE.] 
Elberon, Sept. 20.-The sun's face wore a deep 
coppery tint as he looked up over the.waters this 9 
morning and threw his earliest rays upon the 1 
closed shutters of the cottage of death. The wind, | 
which for a week had been coming from seaward | 
and at times blew a gale, came now from the west 
and was hushed to a gentle zepnyr. The billows I 
which for days had lashed the sands in anger now | 
murmured softly of that eternity of which they | 
were the fittest symbol. The sky was cloudless, a 
but a mellow haze hung over the ocean obliterating i 
the horizon line and blending sea and sky in one. | 
A single craft miles distant, floating as it seemed fc 
upon nothing, like a soul just parted from time, wasE 
making its slow way with all sails set to catch the 5 
breeze toward the north. 
At the cottage the quiet of death prevailed. At | 
a little distance on all sides, armed sentinels withE 
fixed bayonets paced their beats in silence, guar- | 
dians as it seemed of that border line between now | 
and hereafter, beyond which the living might h 
never pass. The flag, which since the arrival of the | 
President at Elberon has been floating from a pole I 
thrust out of an upper window of the cottage, was g 
draped with black, but beyond this no outward® 
sign of mourning was apparent. The first comers E 
were the journalists, but in their demeanor the cue-1 
tomary eagerness of competition was not apparent. B 
Fifty million people would before night read theg 
truths they had come to gather, but their subject of | 
inquiry was death and mourning, and decorous ! 
propriety befitting the occasion was always to be 
respected. 
By halfpast 7 a dozen people had gathered in 
groups upon the porches of the hotel. Doctors Bliss, 
Hamilton and Agnew were in consultation at 
that portion of the hotel nearest the cottage where 
lay the remains of the man who had been for eleven 
weeks the object of their solicitude and skill. They 
talked of the events of the night just past, and of 
the nights and days which had preceded it. They 
talked of the coming autopsy and agreed that it ; 
should be postponed until the arrival in the after- i 
noon of their Washington associates in the medical i 
councils upon the case. 
Dr. Bliss said in regard to the immediate cause of 
the President's death, that he believed it resulted 
from the coagulation of blood, which the heart in j 
its enfeebled condition was unable to force oft. 
"General Swaim," he said, " had evidently not at 
first fully appreciated the imminence of the crisis, 
but had called Dr. Bliss immediately. " I stepped 
in at once,' said the Doctor, " and as a ray of light 
fell across the invalid's face I said, * My God. he is j 
dying. Send for Mrs. Garfield.' It was virtually ■ 
a painless death. Ho suffered at first, but uncon- 
sciousness came and with that his sufferings were 
| at an end." NEW YORK HERALD 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
' PROPBTETOE. 
NEW YORK, THURSDAY, ^PTEMDER 22. iri. 
Disclosure* of tile Autopsy* 
An extremely important point in the bul- 
letin in which the surgeons report the 
autopsy is the statement that death was 
mused by secondary hemorrhage. There is 
a possibility ihat the hemorrhage alluded 
to occurred several days before death. It 
may be remembered that in a bulletin 
issued just before the last crisis it was re 
ported that clotted blood came from the 
wound in the pus. That was the dale 
of the hemorrhage. If the whole of 
■ the hemorrhage did not occur then 
the amount of blood found is the 
accumulated result of the slow oozing 
from a small vessel since that period, and 
hence does not lepresent a sudden and 
violent incident. If the ball, lyicg below 
' and behind the pancreas, was, as reported, 
completely encysted, then, of course, 
healthy repair hud taken place there; but 
if it had, then it is very remarkable that 
; in the immediate neighborhood, within 
' an inch* of the spot, suppuration should 
have opened an artery after eighty days. 
It is said that the heart contained m 
clot. It is a pity that the search for 
clots was necessarily limited to the 
heart. The question of the presence of a 
; clot involves the minute examination of 
' the blood vessels that lead from the heart; 
i but as a septic fluid was forcibly injected 
• into these vessels before the autopsy was 
made that examination was perhaps impos- 
sible. We do not know how thorough the 
; injection of embalmers was; but if they 
• fill all the vessels, then, of course, the evi- 
dences of a clot were obliterated before the 
surgeons touched t ie body. The course of 
I the bullet as described is as nearly impos- 
sible as chance could make it. For such a 
missile to crush and pass through 
a large bone between the spinal 
marrow and the abdominal aorta and 
wound neither and not cause instant 
death is almost miraculous. The theory, 
as set forth in the bulletin, that when the 
President put his hand to his heart and 
spoke of the pain there the pain was really in 
the lower part of his back is not in accord- 
! ance with probabilities. We sincerely hope 
, that when, upon the trial of the murderer, 
this statement of the cause of death is put 
' in evidence there may not be gre it reason 
to regret that the post-mortem examination 
w.is not left to the authorities of the State 
; of New Jersey and made by surgeons with 
; no previous relation to the case. THE PRESS. 
FRIDAY MORNING* SEPT* 23. 
PORTLAND, FRIDAY MORNING. 
THE PRESIDENT'S WOUND. 
dent died? But it will not be asked by those 
who appreciate the extreme danger to which 
the patient is subjected by the introduction ot 
any exploring Instrument deeply among these 
structures. It is a well honored rule in surgery 
not to drive probes through resisting parts 
when searching for a ball, The surgeons re' 
peatedly inserted probes into the wound, and 
finding them, go downwards almost of their 
own accord, and knowing that normally no 
channel exists in that direction, they very 
naturally thought that the bullet had made 
this channel, and their attention was diverted 
from its actual track by the fact that the 
greater part of it gaveCno obvious symptoms- 
indeed, no symptoms at all which were not as 
easily referable to the channel between the 
loin muscles. 
But, even if they had known exactly where 
the bullet lay, they could not have extracted it 
by any justifiable xneana. It they had follow- 
ed the line which it took in entering, they 
would have to crowd their instrument through 
the body of the vertebra which was already 
badly mangled and weakened, and in doing 
this there would have been danger of wound- 
ing some important artery, perhaps even the ' 
great aorta itself, which, for aught any one 
could have told had been seriously injured and 
ready to rupture on a Blight touch. There 
would have been the further risk of plunging 
the instrument into the spinal canal (repre- 
sented by the roundish opening in th* bone) 
and injuring the spinal cord. Other perils 
might be named, but these would be infilcient 
to deter any careful surgeon, especially in 
view of the fact that bullets so commonly be- 
come encysted, and thus secured against prob- 
ability of doing harm. Two other methods 
might be pursued in such a case: one by open- । 
ing the belly from the front, displacing the ! 
bowela and other organs which stood in the 1 
way; the other by entering front th® skis near 
the kidney. Neither of thesa would be jiatifi- 
able, even supposing ft to bo known that the 
ball lay just where it did in the President's 
body. 
The report says, (fThe immediate cause of 
death was secondary hemorrhage from on® of 
the mesenteric arteries adjoining the back of 
the ball." It is not stated in words, but it is 
probably the case that this vessel was 
cut at the time of the shooting, either by the 
bail or by a sharp splinter of bone from 
the broken vertebra. This hole in th® artery 
closed and healed up; bat the mechanical irri- 
tation of the ball, which was in clos® proximi- 
ty to it, probably caused a weaknees and thin- 
ning of its walls and at last allowed an escape 
of blood, which speedily deprived the patient 
of the little strength which remained to him. 
If he had been in perfect health and vigor this 
bleeding would almost certainly have killed 
him; for fts exact location (almost in the mid- 
dle of the trunk) could not have been deter- 
mined, and, even if known, could not have 
been reached in season to save him. As it 
was, if the hemorrhage had not occurred, 
the President could not have much longer 
withstood the drain upon his powers. The 
large collection of matter (abscess cavity) near 
the gall-bladder had no connection with the 
wound, as far as could be discovered, and was 
evidence of the extremely depraved condition 
of the whole system. 
Already certain surgeons are endeavoring to 
excite public feeling agalns t those who had 
charge of the case, by making unfavorable 
criticisms upon every step in its management. 
It would be well for the people to know how 
those who have had most to do with the treat- 
ment are regarded by the medical profession. 
Dr. Bliss is a man of marked ability as a sur- 
geon, however one may regard his courtesy; 
Dr. Hamilton is an authority, a noted teacher, 
author and practitioner, and is justly esteemed 
a leader in the profession; and Dr. Agnew has 
not a superior in surgery in America. That 
these men were in error as to the location of 
the ball, they themselves have frankly con. 
An Explanation of its Nature and History. 
Although we have had a report of the post 
mortem examination of the body of President 
Garfield, few outside of the medical profession 
are sufficient familiar with the anatomy of the 
parte involved to obtain from it a real compre- 
hension of the condition in which they were 
found. We have consequently invoked the 
aid of a surgical friend, and this morning pre- 
sent to our readers a wood cut and full ex- 
planation which, we hope, will make plain 
the points which have been so poorly under- 
stood. 
Suppose a man standing erect to be cut in 
two by a knife carried horizontally two inches 
above ths level erf the navel; suppose the up- 
per part to be removed; as wo looked down 
upon the cut surface of the lower part, we 
dhoold. sea the organs as represented in h 
picture. There would ba, of Course, in a con> 
plete representation many details of interest to 
an anatomist, which are of no moment to the 
public generally; and these are omitted for Cho 
sake of clearness. The following parts would 
have been cut through: the liver, spleen* 
pancreas (which is called sweetbread in a calf) 
both kidneys, large and small intestines, five 
or six ribs on each side, many muscles, the 
aorta (the main trunk which distributes 
nutrient blood from the heart all over the 
body), the vena cava (the great vein which 
brings the impure blood from the lower part 
of the body to the heart), and the first lumbar 
vertebra (a segment of the back bone which 
is situated at the upper part of the loins.) All 
these are shown in the cut, and each Is mark- 
ed with a distinguishing letter which refers to 
the explanatory list below- 
S' M T. 
a 
BACK, 
straight; but a straight line drawn from the' 
right eleventh rib to the left, forwards and a 
little downwards, would traverse exactly the 
route above described. In the drawing it is 
impossible to show this downward deflection, 
as the cut surface Is horizon tai, but, by re- 
garding E as a little above, and X as little be- 
low the level of this surface, it will be easily 
understood. • 
The great muscles accumulated around the 
backbone all have a general vertical direction 
running up and down alongside of the spinal 
column, of which column the vertebra in 
question is one piece. These muscles were 
torn through by th© bullet, and when matter 
formed, as it is almost sure to do in such a 
wound, it burrowed its way down between 
these muscles and made a channel which of 
itself gave forth more pus. Thos, the matter, 
or pus, kept working further and further 
down, conveying the impression that the bul. 
let was at the end of thia channel between the 
muscles, and misleading the surgeons as to its 
true location. The abscesses tn the back, 
which had to ba spened several times, were 
collections of this pm which had gathered in 
pockets at the side of the main channel. 
The bullet was found encysted, that is to 
say, enclosed in a firm sac of dense material. 
This is nature's method of disposing of many 
foreign bodies in. the soft parts. It never en- 
tered the cavity of the peritoneum, for this 
lies in front of the pancreas. 
The question has often been asked, why did 
not the surgeons find the ball before the Presi- 
R» rib. 
I, intoHttna. 
LK. left kidney. 
KK, right kidney. 
L, liver. 
P, pancreas. 
LV, first linnbw vertebte. 
8, spleen. 
A, aorta. 
V, vena cava. 
M, lolu muscles. 
G, lowest part of stomach. 
X, point beneath which the bullet was found, 
As one kidney is situated naturally higher 
than the other, they are not severed by the 
knife in corresponding portions,which accounts 
for their different appearance. The intestines 
are normally coiled and twisted, so that the sec- 
tion shows them in irregular and fantastic 
shapes. But a small portion of the liver is cut off 
with this half of the body,an d only a minute slice 
of the lowest part of the stomach and the low- 
er end of the snleen. The broad black line 
tanning from E to X represents the track of 
the ball, as described in the official report. It 
entered at a point a little above E, that is, at 
a level above any portion cd this section, 
broke the eleventh rib, ploughed through the 
great loiri muscles (shaded dark, as are all 
the other muscular structures), just missing 
liver and right kidney, both of which it was at 
first feared were wounded, then crashed 
through the body of the first lumbar vertebra, 
breaking off splinters of bone and driving 
them into the soft parts around, passed close to 
the aorta, and finally stopped just below the 
pancreas, at a point beneath X in the picture. 
The report does not state that the track was fessed; but, it another case ol similar charac* 
ter were to arise to-day, they, balancing the 
probabilities, as one must in surgical practice 
as well as in 60 many other human affairs, 
would almost certainly be obliged to decide as 
they did in thia case. As regards thair treat- 
ment of the President, it is very generally con- 
sidered by medical men to have been carefm 
and judicious. It is not difficult to predict 
after the event, and it is very easy to criticise at 
any time; but those who are so ready with their 
advice on subjects which they know nothing of 
are likely to be less confident in proportion as 
they become better informed, and probably 
many who have been eager to question the 
competency of the President's medical staff 
will, on studying the nature and relations of 
the anatomical parts involved, be more chari- 
table in their Judgment of the devoted men 
who for eleven weeks watched every changing 
pulse beat of the victim of assassination, and 
who must be admitted to have had at least as 
much at stake as those who, actuated by disap- 
pointed ambition, hasten to malign them. 
its inner surface which was not easily removed 
by the edge of the knife and which may be 
found under the microscope to consist o f a drop 
of desicated pus, or it may prove to be 
the leaden stain occasioned by the oxida- 
tion of the surface of the ball. It 
also contained a small fragment of black 
material, perhaps three-quarters of an inch in 
length and an eighth of an inch in breadth, 
which under the microscope may prove to be a 
piece of cloth, but the exact character of which 
has uot yet been determined. 
The Bone Torn Away. 
"Perhaps distant one or two'inches, and in 
this neighborhood there could be felt distinctly 
under the finger innumerable small substances, 
'like grains of sand, of greater or less magni- 
tude, which have not yet been submitted to 
microscopical examination, but which were 
supposed to be minute fragments of bone torn 
! away from the broken vertebra and thus widely 
i disseminated In the adjacent tissues. The 
blood sac was behind the peritoneum, 
but the autopsy revealed that it had rup- 
tured into the cavity of the peritoneum, 
probably just before the occcurrence of death, 
and at least a pint of blood coagulated was 
found in the peritonei cavity. The abscess 
spoken of in the official report of the autopsy 
was not in this region precisely, but somewhat 
more to the right, between the liver and trans- 
verse colon. No connection was discovered 
between this and the external wound made by 
the bullet, and there are no means of knowing 
whether it communicated with the original 
track at some earlier period in the history of 
the case or not. It may have done so, and be- 
come subsequently closed, or it may have been 
the result of the extension of inflammation 
from the original track to the adjacent tissues. 
There was no lesson of the liver, recent or an- 
cient, indicated in the autopsy. 
The Ball Not the Cause of Death. | 
" It is evident from this account that the 
presence of the ball in the situation in which it 
was found was not the immediate cause of 
death, as it was completely encysted, and must 
have long since ceased to cause irritation. The 
small fragments of bone and the great lesion of 
the lumbar veretebra are the pathological facts 
which alone could endanger the patient's life. 
This lesion of the vertebra the surgeons had no 
means of repairing, nor could it have been re- 
paired save by the processes of nature. The 
small fragments of bone, if they should prove 
to be such, widely disseminating in the adja- 
cent tissues, certainly could not have been 
removed by any surgical operation. It was 
determined by the autopsy that the necessity 
did not exist for removing the ball, or, in other 
words, that had there been no other lesion it 
might have been carried for many years with- 
out causing death or even inconvenience. 
Still, it may be proper to inquire whether 
by a surgical operation the bullet could have 
been safely removed. If it had been 
arrested by the spine or even lodged in the 
substance of the spinal column, possibly with 
a bold and very extensive dissection it might 
have been safely reached and extracted. It is 
questionable, however, whether the history of 
surgery furnishes any example of success un- 
der the circumstances now supposed. But the 
fact is that the bullet traversed the 
spine and lodged at a point some 
distance removed from it. Passing miracu- 
lously through various vital structures which 
surround the anterior and lateral walls of the 
vertebrae. The front of the spine in the region 
traversed and both of its sides presenting to- 
ward the interior of the belly are literally 
covered by important blood-vessels, arteries 
and veins, the most important nerves of the 
body, including the sympathetic or ganglionic 
system of nerves, also the nerves of common 
sensation and motion, and by sympathy includ- 
ing the great thoracic duct through which 
nutrition from the alimentary canal is con- 
veyed to the heart. The injury of almost 
any one of the foregoing, excepting the 
nerves of common sensation and motion, 
would inevitably destroy life, and in the midst 
of this plexus of arteries, veins and lym- 
phatics the surgeon would have had to carry 
his knife in search of a ball, the situation of 
which has onjy been revealed by the autopsy. 
There were no possible means of knowing the 
situation of the bail during life, as it gave ho 
indications of its presence ; nor could it possi- 
bly have been reached and recognized by any 
form of surgical probe. That death would 
have been immediate, and the inevitable result 
of any such daring adventure is almost abso- 
lutely certain. However much we, individually 
or collectively, may have made ourselves 
liable to just criticism in the matter of diag- 
nosis or prognosis, and whatever doubts may 
be entertained by medical men as to the pro- 
priety of the treatment in certain respects, I 
cannot believe that one intelligent surgeon 
will hereafter think that at any period 
in the progress of the case the ball or 
the fragments of the bone which it sent 
before it could have been successfully 
removed. Nor, indeed, that any serious at- 
tempt .in the direction would not have resulted 
in speed)' death. Viewing the ease in the light 
of our present knowledge, I am prepared to 
affirm that surgery has no resources by which 
the fatal result could have been averted. This 
was the sad consolation which I felt justified 
in giving to the grief-stricken wile and family, • 
and which all my associates believe we can give 
to an afflicted people." 
Fill DAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1881. 
Dr. Bermlughnm and Dr. -Sayre. 
To the Editor of the Sun-Sir: In to-day's 
Suk I find an interview of your reporter with Dr. Lewis 
A. Sayre, in which the latter, referring to the American 
■Academy of Medicine, speaks of it as "the so-calied 
American Academy of Medicine, of which I know 
nothing." 
I desire to call attention to the fact tliat Dr. Sayre 
knows full well all about the Academy, and two years 
ago, in 1879, made application for fellowship, but was re- 
jected because he could not furnish documentary evi- 
dence of any educational qualification, and the Council 
ot the Academy, of which I was at that time a member, 
did not consider his simple word sufficient evidence to 
admit him. 
One of the objects of the American Academy of Medi- 
cine is to encourage young men to pursue courses of 
study in literary institutions before beginning the study 
of medicine, in order to improve the status of the profes- 
sion. It consequently makes the possession o: a degree In 
letters received in course a prerequisite for admission. 
The character of the Academy is sufficiently indicated 
by the character and reputatiou of its Fellows, among 
whom may be found Drs. Samuel D. Gross, D. Hayes Ag- 
new, and Win. H. Pancoast of Philadelphia; John S. 
Billings ot Washington, D. C.; C. R. Agnew, D. B. St. 
JohnRoosa, Louis Elsberg, and F. H. Hamilton of Ne w 
York; Henry T. Bowditch of Boston, T. Parvin ot India- 
napolis, Ac. Edward J. Beiimingham, M. D. 
1,260 Broadway, Sept. 22. 
ADVERSE OElNIOl^OF SURGEONS. 
The Probability of a FulblVl i cu as I o n when the 
llecord of the Case Is Completed. 
A number of well-known surgeons of t his 
city were visited yesterday by reporters of The 1 
Sun and asked to give their opinions as to the 1 
surgical treatment of the late President, and 
particularly with reference to the mistake as to 
the location of the bali.as revealed by the autopsy. 
There was found a general disinclination among 
reputable surgeons to discuss the case in the 
daily press. This disinclination was expressed 
by Dr. Lewis A. Sayre, who said: 
" At the present hour, when the nation is 
bowed with grief at a sad misfortune, it is hard- ; 
ly the time for medical discussion through the 
public press. But when the medical men in at- 
tendance have made their full report of the 
case it will be the proper time to criticise their 
action, as it will then be recorded in an official 
form. When that time arrives I have no doubt 
there will be some discussion. I was much as- । 
tonished when I heard that the American 
Academy of Medicine had endorsed the treat- I 
ment of the President. I supposed at first that 
it was the New York Academy of Medicine, and 
was surprised that, as a member, I had not been 
notified to attend. But the endorsement of the 
treatment was by the so-called American Acad- 
emy of Medicine, of which I know nothing." 
There seems to bo a raneral belief among 
physicians that grave mistakes were made by 
Dr. Bliss at the very outset of the President's i 
case. A distinguished surgeon said: "A com- 
mon day laborer taken to Bellevue Hospital 
would have had better treatment, and I believe 
more successful treatment, than the President 
had." Another said: " It was a shameful neg- 
lect that the President was not sooner relieved 
of the danger of blood poisoning by openings 
for the escape of pus and cleansing of the 
wound." Another surgeon of national repute 
said: " The primary treatment of the President 
was in absolute ignorance of the greatest stride 
of modern surgery.the Lister method of antisep- ■ 
tie treatment. That method was begun too late." 
The surgeons who made these statements 
said that they had no desire to perform the un- 
professional act of rushing into print in such a 
case, but that when the proper time arrived, i 
when the whole subject came up for discussion, i 
as it doubtless would before the medical so- 
cieties, these and other criticisms of the treat- 
ment would be pressed. 
One point appears to be accepted by surgeons 
generally, and that is that when Dr. Hamilton 
and Dr. Agrew were called they expressed the 
opinion that it was too late for them to make an 
examination of the wound, and that they did 
not make such examination, but accepted the 
statements of Dr. Bliss as to the examination 
made by him. Home surgeons are inclined to 
blame Drs. Hamilton and Agnew for permit- 
ting themselves to be associated with Dr. Bliss. 
Others say that under the circumstances, as 
they were called in merely as consulting sur- 
geons, it was incumbent upon them to accept 
without question the position assigned them, 
leaving Dr. Bliss to assume the responsibility 
of his own mistakes. * 
y^Dr. J. Marion Sims said last evening: "The 
*post-mortem appearances show that the wound 
was such that the President was obliged to die. 
The only wonder was that he lived so long. If 
they had known the course of the ball, the ease 
would have terminated just as it did, as it was 
beyond the reach of surgery. The President 
had the ablest medical men in the country. ; 
When Drs. Agnew and Hamilton were added to 
the consultation the profession here and abroad 
felt perfectly satisfied that all would be done 
that science and skill could do to save this val- 
uable life. The doctors should not be censured. 
PHILADELPHIA, SEPTEMBER 23, 1881. 
Discloswes Which Considerably Modify the 
Official Report. 
Special Dispatch to The Times. 
Washington, September 22. 
It is stated to-night that one of the physicians 
present at the autopsy has made some disclos- 
ures which considerably modify the official re- 
port. Before the doctors began the post mortem 
it was insisted that a couple of pathologists should 
be summoned from Philadelphia and New York. 
The doctors, however, refused this request. The 
cutting was done by Dr. Lamb, but after the in- 
[ cision of the bowels his work was not satisfac- 
tory to some and Dr. Agnew conducted it. 
It was then supposed that the ball had 
passed down and forward through the back. 
The intestines were examined and the pus cavity 
from the burrow discovered, as described in the 
official report. The intestines were then taken 
out and placed in a wash-bowl and the search 
begun for the ball. They looked for some time, 
following the supposed track, but nothing was 
found. Search was then made in the intestines 
and the bullet was found in them in the wash- 
bowl. It was encysted in the intestines, none of 
which it had injured. The vertebra was not in- 
jured, so far as could be observed, there being 
no splinters, as represented by inference 
in the report. The track of the ball 
was completely healed and only the pus burrow 
remained. The President did not, therefore, 
die from the immediate effects of the ball. The 
chest was raised and the lungs lifted up and 
pronounced healthy, but one of the physicians 
insisted on a closer examination. The lung 
was cut into then and actually yielded a 
flow of pus. Abscesses were found on 
both kidneys and a small one on the 
liver, where a clct of blood had evidently 
started the complicated disease of blood- 
poisoning. This is a hasty sketch of some re- 
markable things told by a doctor present. It 
was proposed to leave blood-poisoning out of the 
report, but MacVeagh insisted on its being in- 
serted. The ball in the intestines shows that it 
penetrated the peritoneum and was not found in 
the muscles of the back. The clot on the liver 
would account for the early symptoms of liver 
wound. 
TUP PHILADELPHIA PRESS.- 
FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1881. 
Special Despatch to The Press. 
New York, September 22.-Dr. Hamilton 
to-day in conversation with a Tribune reporter 
dictated the following : " The ball entered the 
inter-vertebral space on the right side, between 
the last dorsal and the first lumbar vertebra, 
at a point very near the transverse and oblique 
processes ; that is, obliquely from behind. It 
passed a little downward and forward, pene- 
trating the body of the first lumbar vertebra ; 
escaped from the vertebra very near the middle 
in front, and was found a little to the left of 
the body ol the vertebra, lying under the lower 
margin of the pancreas and nearer its 
posterior or dorsal aspect than interior, 
behind the peritoneum, and therefore 
outside the cavity of ' the belly. The 
ball was encysted, completely surrounded 
by a firm capsule, which invested it entirely 
and closely, the capsule containing nothing but 
the ball. Perhaps a grain or two of white 
tenacious substance attached to one point of ihey acted upon the lights before them, ami 
none of u, could have done any better under 
the circumstances." _ ■ - 
* A leading surgeon in Brooklyh; who said that 
he did not wish his name used because of the 
possible criticism that he was seeking reputa- 
tion by finding fault with the President's phy- 
sicians, said that the physicians had warning 
enough of the location of the bullet bv the" 
" tiger's claws " complained of by the President 
at the beginning. This showed that the bullet 
was near th? sciatic muscle, and it was the duty 
of the doctors to have made an opening al,mg 
this muscle to the groin to give vent to the pus 
which formed. The opening, if kept clean and 
open, would probably have prevented anv such 
accumulation of pus as to produce pyaemia, small of the back; that some thirty-six hours 
or more after the existence of this abscess be- 
came known by its "pointing" externally, it 
was opened and its contents evacuated. This 
was the "original incision" of which the pub- 
lic has heard so much. Surgically speak- 
ing, it was a trifling operation, of 
obvious necessity and utility, giving 
immediate relief by emptying the contents of 
the abscess. It was this pus cavity, not im- 
mediately connected with the original wound, 
which was mistaken for the track of the ball, 
and into which probes and drainage tubes 
were passed. The flexible instruments used 
readily doubled up in the pus sac, giving the 
impression that it was deeper than it really 
was, and thus tending to confirm the mistake 
that here was the track of the ball, passing 
downward toward the pelvis. The second 
operation, lasting something like an hour, 
during which the President was under the 
influence of ether, is believed to have 
been only an enlargement of the original in- 
cision made to search for the ball in this 
wrong direction. A mere incision for the 
purpose of evacuating an abscess could cer- 
tainly have taken no such time as this, nor 
have required the patient to be under such 
prolonged influence of ether. 
The formation of this abscess was thus a 
prominent misleading factor in the case. The 
onset of pyaemia may be dated as far back as 
the establishment of the pus cavity. At the 
autopsy this was the first point to which at- 
tention was directed. A flexible instrument 
having been introduced this cavity was 
cut down upon in expectation that it would 
lead to the discovery of the ball, it being 
supposed, as has been said, to be.in the track 
of the missile. Of conrse no ball was found 
in that direction. Instead of that the instru- 
ment was found doubled on itself, as it had 
doubtless done when introduced during life, 
when it was reported that the wound was 
sixteen inches deen, confirming the mistake 
as to the depth of this cavity, and as to its 
being the track of the ball. 
This state of things seems to have non- 
plussed the surgeons. As the examination 
proceeded, the ball could not be found any 
where, not even after the intestines had been 
removed from the body and deposited in* 
a basin. The search was in vain, 
and the astonishment of the surgeons may be 
better imagined than described when at length 
it was discovered that the ball was already in 
the basin with the intestines, having been in- 
advertently removed with culpable careless- 
ness. 
The post mortem examination of the Presi- 
dent of the United States, therefore, was so 
conducted that the ball was never found in 
his body at all, but after a long and vain 
search, was discovered by accident in the basin 
in which the intestines had been placed. It 
was closely adherent to a portion of the 
bowels and their membranes. To pro- 
duce this result there must have 
been more or less inflamation of the perito- 
neum, or investing membrane of the 
bowels, constituting peritonitis, of which 
little, if any, mention has ever been made in 
the bulletins. 
Of course, by the time the examination had 
proceeded so tar, without a discovery of the 
ball, the parts had become so disflrdered in 
handling and removing the intestines, that 
their relations to the wound could not be 
precisely determined. The exact track and 
final location of the ball will, therefore, proba- 
bly never be known. It was certainly not 
ascertained during life beyond the point 
where the rib was fractured. It is 
a matter of lasting regret, as well 
as one to be severely criticised, that the au- 
topsy was not so conducted as to make this, 
at least, clear. 
As well as can be judged, the ball entered 
the back on the right side, fractured and 
splintered the eleventh rib, and then passed 
across the body to the left, in a nearly hori- 
zontal direction, but a little upward and for- 
ward, till it reached the back-bone, where it 
chipped the body of the first lumbar vertebra; 
as shown by the diagram, missing the 
lungs, liver, and other vital or- 
gans, as well as the great blood 
vessels which lie along the back bone; 
finally lodging a short distance to 
the left of the spinal column, in immediate 
relations with a portion of the intestines, to 
which latter it subsequently became attached 
by adhesive inflammation, as already said. 
Abundant evidence of pyaemia was found 
in various parts of the body. "Pyiemia" is 
blood-poisoning from absorption of pus into 
the circulation. The matter which forms at 
the seat of the original injury is taken up by 
the blood in the veins, and may be carried 
thus to any part of the body, and 
deposited in various organs, the particles of 
matter there becoming new sources of pus- 
formation. When pus is thus generated away 
from the original wound, it forms abscesses, 
called "metastatic." After the original abscess 
formed, as already described, to which time 
the first attack of pyiemia may be referred, 
the next known trouble was with the parotid 
gland. This is the organ which makes the 
saliva, and the ordinary inliammation of 
which is the disease called "mumps." The 
President's parotitis, however, was not 
mumps, but the development of metastatic 
abscesses in the parotid gland. When 
this occurred, pjiemia was already 
fully established. These parotid ab- 
scesses were discharged by lancing, as 
well as by openings made by the 
burrowing of pus into the mouth and ear. 
Metastatic abscesses were found in the kid- 
neys. The lungs were similarly and very ex- 
tensively effected, containing large collec- 
tions of pus, and being in part "liepatized," 
that is, being solidified by inflammation, to 
such extent as to resemble liver, and to sink 
in water, instead of being light and spongy. 
An abscess of considerable size, but probably 
not four by six inches, as reported, was found 
beneath the liver. its existence was not 
known until it was accidentally ruptured 
in handling the adjacent organs. It was at 
first supposed that its contents were those of 
the intestines. The disorganization of the 
parts doubtless obscured their relation to an 
extent which rendered a more skilful and 
careful examination than was made neces- 
sary to a clear appreciation of the nature of 
the wound and character of the ensuing mor- 
bid processes. 
. A quantity of extravasated blood was found 
in the abdomen. Blood is said to be "extra- 
vasated" when from rupture of a blood ves- 
sel it- escapes into surrounding parts 
or organs, constituting "internal bleed- 
"'S-" The sudden collapse and 
death of the President was un- 
doubtedly due *o the rupture of some blood 
vessel, which had become implicated in the 
general breaking down of tissues in the vicin- 
ity of the wound, or of an abscess. It has 
been said to be "the mesenteric artery." But 
there are a number of mesenteric arteries, 
with numberless branches passing from the 
aorta to the bowels, and as all these must 
have been ruptured in removing the intes- 
tines, it is not clear how it was ascertained 
that any particular artery gave way. 
Neither the brain nor the heart appears to 
rave been examined. Two or three of the 
vertebrae, including the chipped first lumbar, 
have been preserved. 
It is not the purpose of this article to reflect 
in the least upon the conduct of the case dur- 
ing life. That will, doubtless, all come out 
in due time, with developments not less start- 
ling than those here given respecting the 
autopsy. The wav in which the examination 
was conducted, with so unsatisfactory resuits, 
and the way in which the truth has been with- 
held from the public, are certainly open co 
strong and serious animadversion. 
THE POST-WASHINGTON. 
SATURDAY. SEPTEMBER 24. 1881. 
A BLUNDERING AUTOPSY. 
SOME STARTLING DEVELOPMENTS 
CONCERNING THE DISSECTION. 
"Where the Ball was Found-The Immediate 
Cause of the President's Death Not 
Determined-Six Weeks of 
Blood Poisoning. 
The public naturally expected that at the 
post-mortem examination of the President's 
body the facts in the case would be fairly 
made known-that the track and locatiop of 
the ball would be carefully determined, and 
that all the doubt and uncertainty that have 
shrouded the case from the beginning would 
be dispelled. As days passed, however, it 
became evident that only guarded and partial 
statements had been given to the public, 
many of the most important details being 
withheld. The Post is able to give its 
readers much more explicit and extended in- 
formation than has hitherto been published, 
sufficing to convey a clear idea of the nature 
of the wound, and of the train of con- 
sequences which led to the fatal result. 
In order to obtain an intelligent under- 
standing of the case, it is necessary to pre- 
sent the conclusions of the surgeons, as ex- 
pressed in the bulletin describing the find- 
ings of the autopsy, and this can best be had 
by presenting the accompanying diagram: 
The ball entered the rigjht side at the 
point marked in the diagram A, and hit 
the eleventh rib (last but one), frac- 
turing and splintering it. By contact with the 
rib, the bullet was slightly deflected upward 
and passed across the spinal column, abrading 
the spongy body of the first lumbar vertebra, 
(marked 1)) and lodging below the pancreas 
about two and a half inches to the left of the 
spine and behind the peritoneum, where it 
was found completely encysted. This, it 
will be remembered, is the surgeons' descrip- 
tion of the injury. 
The surgeons, as it now appears, were 
completely at fault from the beginning, as to 
i the course and location of the ball, and it is no 
wonder that the public has been misled and 
confused in attempting to understand the 
case. 
The impression from the first had been 
that the ball passed downward 
from the point of entrance, in the 
muscles of the small of the back, and would 
be found somewhere in or about the pelvis 
(haunch-bone), probably embedded in the 
substance of the psoas muscle (which lies 
along the side of thejbackbone in the lumbar 
region). This wrong view of the case seems 
to have arisen from the facts that about three 
i weeks after the President was shot an abscess, 
| or collection of pus, formed in the side of the gfje post. 
®fe JoM 
AND 
Weekly National Intelligencer, 
"We)), they were probably misled in the start iy । 
one of the attending sbrgeons saying that ho bad in- I 
serted his finger tn the original Wound and could fed 
the liver. Now, no siirgeon who has ever felt that 
organ could have mistaken anything else for it.'' 
' 'Then you infer that when Dr. Bliss says lie touched 
the liver the day he explored the wound with ills fin- 
ger he was mistaken?' ' 
' 'Certainly I do. That Was hot tile only mistake 
made, either. They neglected to make A cabefui and 
complete examination of tile woi'ml in the first stages 
of the case, add Wbbe hbchssarily in ignorance as to its 
true chalacter. I blame Drs. Hamilton and Agnew 
for not insisting upon a thorough examination when 
they were first called Into the case. But it appears 
they accepted Dr. Bliss's theory and relied upon what 
he said to govern their actions. Undoubtedly Dr. Bliss j 
talked too freely about the case to IniplofesSWnal hieh, | 
I and he did not always coniine himself' to tile fdcts. ' * 
"Then, Dobtor, yo'd think tHht if a thorough exam- 
ination had b*>eh made when President Garfield was 
first shot the true direction of the ball could have 
been determined and the case treated properly ?' ' 
" I do not say the case was treated improperly, but 
I do say if a thorough examination had been made in 
the first place it would 'ate been discovered thiit the 
ball had penetrated the spinal coiiimii dfid iiiust neces- 
sarily terminate fatdlly. It is not flattering to 
medical science to know that surgeons enjoying such 
reputations as those connected with the President's 
case were misled in the matter of an ordinary gun- 
shot wound. There always appeared to me to be a 
lack of confidence in the official statements of the 
surgeons connected with the case. IfoW for the life 
of me I cannot conceive why they denied so em- 
phatically up to Within a few days of the President's 
death that there were any symptoms of pyie mia. ' ' 
' ' Doctor, when did you come to the conclusion 
that the President had pysemia ?' ' 
" Directly after the first rigor occurred; that, to- 
gether with other symptoms then apparent, firmly 
convinced me that pyaemia bad set in. ' ' 
" Do you think the result of the autopsy will be ac- 
cepted by the medical fraternity Without disclissloh or 
comment ?' ' 
" I would uot care to say anything about that. It 
will probably be discussed in medical circles, and it 
may meet with considerable adverse criticism; but I 
do not think it is a proper subject for the newspapers 
to discuss. There was too much newspaper talk in 
connection With the attending surgeons of the Presi- 
dent altogether. I am certain It had a tendency to 
destroy the self-confidence so much needed in a case 
of that character. We are told iu the report of the 
autopsy that the wound was necessarily fatal and there 
is nothing else to do but accept it as correct, from the 
fact that they were present and witnessed the exam- 
ination while we were not. 1, however, think It 
would have been more satisfactory* to the medical 
profession and the public at large if several prominent 
experts had been called in to make the autopsy; of 
course, the attending surgeons should have been 
allowed to witness the proceedings. It would have 
inspired more confidence in the report. Now, Dr. 
Lamb may be a very expert operator with the knife, 
but the mere fact of Ills being a subaltern of Surgeon 
General Barnes lessened the confidence of hie people 
in his examination. ' ' . 
The Baltimore Sun, one of the most careful of 
journals, says of this case: 
Mistakes have been made, it now appears, at every 
stage of the President's trouble. During the first 
stage, extending from the 2d of July up to the 23d of 
July, he suffered simply from a gunshot wound, and 
it is clear, in the light of the autopsy, that a mistaken 
view as to tlie position of the ball, and consequent 
neglect to probe for and extract it, vitiated the whole 
subsequent treatment of the case, in the second 
stage the trouble was pyaemia, dating from the first 
rigor on the 23d of July, and lasting till the end. 
The third, beginning August 18, was characterized 
by the appearance of metastatic abscesses, such as 
that of the parotid gland, etc. Guessing had to take 
the place of scientific inference. On the 1st of 
August the belief was that the bail was in the front 
wall of the abdomen, about five inches below and to 
the right of the naval and just over the groin, 
whereas the autopsy shows that the bullet went in the 
opposite direction; fracturing the right eleventh rib, 
it had passed rather upwards along the anterior side 
of the spinal column, fracturing it, and lodging be- 
low the pancreas, about two and a half inches to the 
left of the spine, and between it and the peritoneum , 
the membrane which contains the internal organs. 
The New York Herald, whose observations on tills 
case appear to have been prepared by a skillful sur- 
geon, says: 
From the time when the wound was looked at by 
Dr. Townsend at half-past nine in the morning until 
eight at night it received no effective attention; for 
ten hours and a half the surgeons only administered 
hypodermic injections and stimulants, and did not 
endeavor to ascertain the true nature of the injury. 
At eight P. M., when the natural consequences of 
contusion had in a great degree closed the channel of 
the bullet, an Insufficient and unskillful examination 
was made, from which it was concluded that the mis- 
sile had entered the body about two inches to the right 
of the fourth lumbar vertebia, between the tenth and 
the eleventh ribs, had passed through the liver and 
could not be traced further, and that the use of the 
probe would be improper. It was assumed, not as- 
certained, that the wound was mortal. In the course 
of that afternoon Dr. Bliss, the physician in charge, 
thought that the evidences of internal hemorrhage 
were distinctly recognizable, and that collapse was 
imminent. At a quarter to seven P. M. he believed 
the patient was sinking rapidly. At that time the 
physicians considered the case hopeless. At the con- 
sultation of the physicians at eight P. M., above re- 
ferred to, the unanimous conclusion was that the 
President, who appeared to have lost consciousness, 
could uot live until midnight. Between eight and 
W'S JNGTON, SEPTEMBER 25, 1881. 
Entered at the Post Office at Washing- 
ton I). C., as Second-class Matter. 
Ae "npleasant Inquiry. 
It is not a nleasant task to carry on a 
verbal pos' mortem examination over the 
late President's remains. But it is, after 
all, very n cessary that the truth should 
be known, and in order to arrive at it 
there must be a disagreeable investiga- 
tion and some pertinent and possibly im- 
perimenb inquiries instituted. 
It is asserted by those who have had 
opportunities to know the exact facts 
that the President's life was sacrificed 
through malpractice. 
It is also asserted that rapidly multi- 
ply ing evidences of continuous errors or 
stupidities were covered up or misrepre- 
sented by the bulletins, and that finally 
the autopsy, which should have been 
strictly impartial and truthful, was 
throughout,a careful evasion and the pre- 
tended results of which, as published, 
artful falsifications of the truth. 
Of course we do not know that these 
declarations have any respectable back- 
ing, or that they are susceptible of proof 
-but there can at least be no harm 
in investigating them, and if untrue in 
so establishing them. Dr. Bliss,who had 
almost absolute charge of the case, and 
whose reputation both as a man of ve- 
racity and practitioner is at stake, is cer- 
tainly more interested in such a course 
than The Post or any of its readers. This 
paper neither desires to make or mar any- 
body 's reputation. It is only anxious to 
learn what was the cause of the Presi- 
dent's death and whether it was the re- 
sult of inevitable and irremovable causes, 
or simply the penalty of a quarrel among 
the doctors. 
The facts to be established, therefore, 
are these: 
Could the course of the ball and the in- 
jury inflicted by it have been discovered 
by the exercise of proper medical skill? 
If this could have been known in the 
earliest stages of the case could not the 
burrowing of the pus, caused by the shat- 
tered rib which formed a pus sac nearly 
twelve inches in length, have been pre- 
vented? 
If this could have been prevented would 
not the patient have been saved from 
blood poisoning? 
Was the stomach properly treated? 
Was the best medical talent employed 
or was it intentionally driven away from 
the case? 
Were the President's wishes as to his 
medical attendance regarded or were 
they, on the contrary, persistently 
thwarted? 
Were the evidences of pyemia, or blood 
poisoning, as developed by the autopsy, 
convincing or otherwise? 
Was the condition of the President, as 
officially declared in the bulletin, sys- 
tematically and intentionally misrepre- 
sented or not? 
If misrepresented was the object justi- 
fiable? 
To what extent were Doctors Agnew 
and Hamilton practically connected 
with the case? 
Had any of the surgeons connected 
with the case either a direct or remote 
interest in any stock speculations which 
could be affected by the President's con- 
dition or the reuort concerning it? 
We do not pret end that these questions 
are framed in accordance with medical 
ethics, and it is quite possible that some 
of them are bunglingly constructed, but 
they are broad enough we trust to pro- 
vide for the transit of a large amount of 
valuable and really necessary informa- 
tion. 
Editorial and Publication Offices, No. 935 D 
Street Northwest. 
I. N. BURKITT, Editor and Proprietor. 
T. B. KAEBFUS. Publisher. 
WASHINGTON:::::::::::-.SEPTEMBER 25, 1881. 
THE WOUND AND TREATMENT. 
Was the L.ate President's Injury Ne- 
cessarily Fatal? 
Greater confidence would have been felt 
in the officially published result of the post mortem 
examination of the remains of the lamented President 
Gai field if the knife had been in the hands of some 
eminent surgeon who had not before been connected 
with the case. Under ordinary circumstances the 
surgeons-in-charge would have been implicitly be- 
lieved, but after they have so steadily signed their 
names to untruthful bulletins, they cannot expect 
what they may put forth to be received with abso- 
lute confidence. When it must have been their de- 
sire to palliate the original mistake Of an entirely ' 
erroneous diagnosis, the tiiotive to still pervert and 
conceal is very strohg. And, unfortunately, in our 
desire to place confidence in the surgeons, we are met ■ 
after the sad event by the same spirit of secrecy ' 
which originally aroused our distrust. The autopsy 
is performed by a contract surgeon, or clerk, under 
the Surgeon General. In an interview ih Thursday's 
Republican this genUetfian, Dr. Lamb, informs us 
that " it had been mutually agreed upon between 
"the surgeons not to say anything at present/" 
Surely the excuse given for the untruth fulness of the 
bulletins Is an excuse no longer. Concealments now 
ale not in the Interest of the patient nor eVen of med- 
ical science, but in the interest Of the Imperiled rep- 
utation of the attending surgeons. Dr. Lamb further 
said: " When the proper time comes further infor- 
mation, the result of another conference between 
" the surgeons, will be furnished the public. ' ' Now 
what is the need of a "conference, ' ' except that the 
surgeons may agree upon a consistent story ? That 
the right person was found to make the autopsy is 
shown by another statement of Dr. L imb. Remem- 
bering that Dr. Bliss had all along denied the exis- 
tence of pyaemia, Dr. Lamb boldly avers that "he 
' ' cannot be considered to have had pyihinia. ' ' Ev- 
idently, this witness understands for What purpose 
he was brought into the but if he had studied 
another profession he would have found a useful 
Warning in the phrase, •1 a too eager witness. ' ' 
A prominent and well-known surgeon of this city 
said to a representative of The Sunday Herald 
last Friday evening, while discussing the ease of the 
late President Garfield from a sllrgloai Standpoint: 
' 'I have heretofore abstained thim expressing pub- 
licly my obitilbti of tile treatment of the by the 
attending surgeons. In. the first place, all of the 
doctors who were connected with the case are recog- 
nized as eminently skillful surgeons, possessing con- 
siderable experience In gunshot Woiinds. To say 
that they did not treat the case properly is a reflec- 
tion upon American slirgery. While i liidst admit 
the official report df the atitopsy is Vety meagre, yet 
it contaihs bnoligli to Convince almost any intelligent 
surgeon the wound was necessarily fatal, and, no 
matter what course had been pursued by the attend- 
ing physicians, it must have ended in death. I be- 
lieve It was through the careful and cautious treat- 
ment of the case that the President's life Was pro- 
longed . ' ' 
"Then yod Aid dl the opinion that if the exact lo- 
cality of the ball had been known in the first stages 
of the case, nothing could have been done to save the 
patient's life?'' 
"If we accept the autopsy as'final we must be- 
lieve that the spinal column was penetrated, and that 
in itself must haye proved fatal. ' ' 
• • How was It possible tor the Attending and con- 
sulting siirgeoiiS th have been so deceived in the 
course taken by the ball ?' ' 
' ' When a ball enters the body, as It did in this case, 
it is a difficult matter to ascertain its exact location, 
and it would be bad surgery to attempt to find it by 1 
probing. If they had discovered at the beginning 
that the ball had taken a Cdulse leading to or through 
the spinal COklffin, 1 hardly belleVe they would have 
probed for It and attempted to extract it, for the rea- 
son that there was nothing to be gained by it. The 
mere presence of the ball in the body would not of | 
Itself shorten life. It is a difficult thing to determine 
the direction taken by a ball after it enters the human 
form. It takes Very little to divert its course. Then 
it IS necessary to know exactly from what direction 
the pistol was fired. '' 
"But, Doctor, I cannot imagine how or why such 
distinguished surgeons as Drs. Hamilton and Agnew- 
allowed themselves to remain in ignorance as tone 
true course taken by the ball, ' ' nine o'ciock, however, ne recovered consciousness, 
and there was a marked improvement in Ills condi- 
tion. His temperature fell to 99, nearly normal, and 
the pulse, which had Increased to 158, fell to 134. By 
ten o'clock the pulse had fallen to 130, and by eleven 
to 124, with tiie temperature remaining at 99. At 
twelve P. M. a bulletin was issued saying that the 
improved condition of the President was maintained 
and that he was resting quietly. In these statements 
the expressions used are those of the physicians. It 
is proper to say, however, that the President did not 
lose and recover consciousness. He was narcotized, 
and he waked up. 
It was believed possible on the day the President 
was shot that the bullet had not really entered the 
abdominal cavity, and in fact it had not. In lids 
passage it did not, of course, enter the peritoneal 
cavity, nor touch the liver, nor in any way harm that 
organ, unless the smart blow of the ball at a point 
opposite the gland may have caused a slight conges- 
tion. These facts were not discovered, because no 
thorough examination of the wound was made by any- 
body; It was judged to be what men feared it was, and 
science was displaced by crednlity and panic. And 
I yet the indication that the view taking bvthesu-r 
geons was not justified by the facts that lay upon the 
| surface, for the point of lodgement of the bullet, as in- 
d'eated at thetime, was at least four inches lower down 
than the point of penetration. Now, if the bullet had 
SS1* ln a 9tral£ht Une It mrist, to 
make those points, have been fired from an elevation 
of ten feet-assuming a distahce of thirty for the 
"aS J,0Slt.1Pu' was known that the assas- 
u " s'?od "P®11 ,the same level with his victim. There- 
de."^ t0 a?y who reasoned the facts 
that the ball had been deflected. How and by what 
bad its course been turned and what were all the con- 
sequences of the change of direction ? These We?e the 
flatten,m?blems °f Vi.e of the case, and a 
. V Is 'Jjps^al not to use the probe; for if the ball 
nthr°Ug? the body' !U* was supposed, he was 
?W"f"ly"Fapr^ not have hurt him, 
h,;, tt had not gone through the probe would have 
shown that fact in half a minute. 
From this great initial error in diagnosis followed a 
domorallEatlon hi the crinsideratloh of the 
case ami a misinterpretation of eveiv symptom If 
£ 'M? re SI" P.*1* "e «1! 
a, op -j"? his pulse up twenty or thirty or fifty 
it he was'dvnh^heemotions of the case would put 
t, he was dying from internal hemorrhage Thus 
earlVdk^'^^^ Case w«nt through its 
that dith.e 1 ""snient was treated for diseases 
SandaStM' i" consultation July 
the 6 b,eah»ent. It has been said that 
fX these erroneous and blundering be- 
intellbrent ^gF°n«8 ca,.ne into the case, was regular, 
ol,t and subsequently. This difter- 
X aXPtMbtle the naked ey«' These gentle- 
men accepted the treatment broadly, blunders ami 
gravity stmud be ± n * Citse « sUch 
than Wast rel more experience 
country wiK furn,sh- and because the 
adU^.=edtOfeelSUrBtb should be no 
the warram f^ thtgrea raistake- This sentiment was 
hot HisHfv WnCe' Th,s wa"ant they dtd 
h t justify. They failed to detect immediatflv the 
great error in the diagnosis, find If HiVy detected it 
no wound tUwh&MV t6 MeiVe that there was 
4 c|Bse either peritonitis or bem- 
oii page or hate any other suddenly fatal effect, a nd 
kepMhem hf ^hat Wa;Sdone by the surgeons in charge^ 
'hem in possession of the case, and thus pre- 
treatmenL Pat ent fr°'n havlnS the most intelligent 
l^^he date of the injury until duly mav 1M 
called the first stage of the base., Ih aft tMl period 
the trouble was ail ordinary giihslipt rimund comp'S 
denl V nr \ that co,'ld cauw a s«d- 
uenty ratal or even dangerous hemorrhage Tn such 
strictl'* °F ahd easy re®overy turn 
, a Correct diagnosis and correct treat- 
; death is not Involved if a patient of good con- 
.stituLon has these. But an erroneous OphiTdii of tile 
nature of the wound having beeh fqimed, rind re- 
maining- t'ncprtebteU, It wis belieked that the case 
was necessarily fatal, and, therefore, that it was not 
thought Worth While tri bother the. patient with e£r 
aminations. Ilerice there was practically, ho surgical 
treatment of the case. i * * * 
The first bf tllb terrible abscesses w'as that in the 
parotid gland, which came as if to close a regular 
profession of all the symptoms of a well-marked case 
of deep purulent contamination. On Thursday, Au- 
gust 18, the noon bulletin said that the President was 
suffering from inflammation of the right parotid 
gland. The symptom was not regarded by the siir- 
I geons as serious, but on ttlri cdtitrarV was repeatedly 
spoken of by theft! as a faijt of no great moment. For 
all the henjaiuder or the month of August, however, 
tiie history of that abscess is the history of the case. 
Dissolution seemed imminent from the trouble with 
that abscess on August 27, for its bad effects were 
aggravated by the early and mistaken attempt to dis- 
perse it. It was treated on the theory that it was 
like an ordinary gathering and might be scattered; 
which was founded upon the ever-present tlibory of 
the surgeons that there WSs tiopya-mia. Tlieattempt 
to scatter It Ohly drove it flohi the stirface find forced 
the openihgs Into the niotith and into thb ears; These 
greatly increased the irritatloii. 
Medical opinion is distinctly divided upon the point 
whether there should or should not havb been a more 
thorough early exploration of the wound. During the 
late war the plan of leaving nature to take its course 
Igrew in favor with surgeons. At lea^t It cost iheiri 
no trouble-, requited nb skill With knife and probe,• 
and generally suited patients bettei- than more active 
treatment. Orthodox practitioners are now divided 
into two parties. That one of these believe something 
should have been done in the late President's base is 
shown by the following extracts from a physician's 
letter to the Tr'TMe : 
With a knowledge of the new facts revealed by a 
post mortem examination of the body of the President 
added to those already known, we may, from a sur- 
gical point of view, inquire what may have been their 
influence upon the treatment of the case, and Its 
issue. The injury was a compound fracture of the 
eleventh rib, and also Cf the fltst Ihmbat vertebra, 
with a Ibdgmfent of the bullet in tlnimpoHafit soft 
tissues. The long suppurating trdet, teaching inter- 
I nally from the bullet wound to the groin, the newly- 
discoVered abscess neat the liter, ahd other niorbid 
appearances, including thb hetiiori-hage that was the 
I immediate carise of deatli, wete the more dr less re- 
mote effects of the injury. Withlii a few years there 
has been a growing boldness in the performance of 
operations, and in the stirglcal interference witli 
wounds. This is based upon the Confidence of the 
surgeon through the use of antiseptics, carbolic acid, 
etc., to prevent the decomposition in the discharge of 
a wound, which is the frequent cause of a train of 
evils. Krom .the point of view of a believer in the 
antiseptic method, an incision,in the abdomen forthe 
discovery and eitvaclioH of tliq bullet would have 
been a justifiable arid comparatively harmless proce- 
dure: biit, as shown by the post mortem examina- 
tion, a superfluous one, for the encysted bullet had 
ceased to be a source of irritation. 
Disbelievers in the antiseptic method would have 
shrunk from adding a new injury to the one already 
inflicted. The bullet, having become encysted in 
its unknown Ideation, was harmless, and did not 
call for surgical interference looking to its extrac- 
tion. The treatment of the patient then resolved 
itself into that of a cbippourid fi-aettire of the rib 
arid the vertebra. The believers in the antiseptic 
method, among whom are some of the first surgeons 
of the world, would probably hold that a strictly 
defined line of procedure should have been adopted 
from the start. The disinfection of the wound and 
provision for adequate drainage would have necessi- 
tated its enlargement and more thorough exploration. 
The decomposition of the discharge, they would ar- 
gue, could have been prevented and the dangers of 
poisoning of the blood reduced to a minimtim, or 
wholly averted, Discarding the Uniform proce- 
dure of tieathient practiced by followers of the anti- 
septic or; as it is called. Lister's method, the treat- 
ment of the compound fractures became largely a 
question of individual judgment and skill. The 
train of ' ' septic accidents ' ' to which the illustrious 
sufferer succumbed, and which, according to the belief 
of those who practice the antiseptic method, were 
probably preventable, were not accidents, but the 
inevitable consequence of conditions which could, 
according to this school, have been foreseen and 
guarded against. 
In the plan of treatment not only slioiild the splen- 
did endurance of the patient, his calm and cheerful 
disposition, have been accurately estimated as known 
factors, but the probable behavior of the wound should 
have been forecast, liad It beeh possible to do this 
more exactly the surgeons might not have been taken 
by surprise by the first chills, and their attention 
might not have been called to a local condition-an 
abscess-by its effect on the constitution. The dis- 
covery of the first collection of pus and its 
prompt evacuation might have spared the pa- 
tient a shock that seriously sapped his vitality, 
Even the collection itself arid the formation 
of an extehsive cavity communicating with the 
wouhd might, perhaps, have been prevented by a 
properly planned enlargement of the wound at the 
outset. A modification of the treatment in these re- 
spects by reducing the chances of infection of the con- 
stitution, and the extensive burrowing of the pus 
might perhaps have had an important influence on 
the final issue, for the occurrence of septicaemia, and 
the formation of metastatic absesses, were favored by 
every influence that depressed the vitality of the sys- 
tem. The prevention of septicaemia, which was due 
to the compound fract and not the irritation of the 
bullet, was everything; the treatment after its occur- 
rence almost a hopeless task. 
The statement that essential facts revealed at the 
autopsy have been concealed has been made in sev- 
eral newspapers, but we prefer to think they have 
been misinformed, especially since Dr. Hamilton's 
very clear statement in the Tribune of the results of 
the post mortem examination. He Bays: 
The ball entered the inter-vertebral space on the 
right side between the last dorsal and first lumbar 
vertebra at a point very near the transverse and 
oblique processes-that is, obliquely from behind. It 
passed a little downward and forward, penetrating 
the body of the first lumbar vertebra, escaped from 
the vertebra very near its middle in front, and was 
found a little to the left of the body of this 
vertebra, lying under the lower margin of* the pan- 
creas, and nearer the posterior, or dorsal, aspect than 
its anterior, behind the peritoneum and therefore 
outside the cavity of the belly* The ball was encyst- 
ed, completely surrounded by a firm capsule, which 
invested it entirely and closely, the capsule contain- 
ing nothing but the ball, a grain or two of white te- 
nacious substance attached to one point of its inner 
surface, which was not easily removed by the edge of 
the knife, and which may be found under the micro- 
scope .to consist of a drop of dessicated pus, or it 
•nay prove to be the leaden stain occasioned 
by the examination of the surface of the ball. It also- 
contained a fragment of black material, perhaps 
three-quarters of an inch in length, and an eighth of 
an inch in breadth, which under the microscope may 
prove to be a piece of cloth, but tl»e exact character 
of which lias not yet been determined. A most crit- 
ical examination of the sack inclosing the ball under 
a strong light and witli a probe did not disclose any 
connection between it and the track of the ball. Not 1 
far removed from the seat of the ball was the blood 
cavity, perhaps distant one or two inches, and in this 
neighborhood there could be felt distinctly under the । 
finger innumerable small substances like grains of 
sand, of greater or less magnitude, which have not 
yet been submitted to microscopical examination, but 
which were supposed to be minute fragments of bone 
torn away from the broken vertebra, and thus widely 
disseminated in the adjacent tissues. The blood sac 
was behind the peritoneum, but the autopsy revealed 
that it had ruptured into the cavity of the periton- 
eum, probably just before the occurrence of death, 
and at least a pint of blood coagulated was found In 
the peritoneal cavity. The abscess spoken of in the 
official report of the autopsy was not in this region 
precisely, but somewhat more to the right between 
the liver and transverse colon. No connection was 
discovered between this and the external wound 
made by the bullet, and there are no means of know- 
ing whether it communicated with the original track 
at some earlier period in the history of the case or 
not. It may have done so, and become subsequently 
closed, or it may have been the result of the extension 
of Inflammation from the original track to the adja- 
cent tissues. There was no lesion of the liver, recent 
or ancient, indicated in the autopsy. It is evident 
from this account that the presence of the ball In the 
situation in which it was found was not the immedi- 
ate cause of death, as it was completely encysted, and 
must have long since ceased to cause irritation. The 
small fragments of bone and the great lesion of the 
Jumbar vertebra are the pathological facts which alone 
could endanger the patient's life. This lesion of the 
vertebra the surgeonshad no means of repairing, nor 
could it have been repaired save by the processes of 
nature. The small fragments of bone (If they should 
proveto be such) widely disseminated in'the ad' 
jacent tissues certainly could not have been 
removed by any surgical operation. 
Undoubtedly it is made clear that the most alarm- 
ing feature of the original injury was the splintering 
of bones of the rib and vertebra, the last name being 
the more serious. The exact nature and extent of 
this injury to the vertebra is one of the chief of the 
many points upon which the fuller official statement 
promised is awaited with interest. Yesterday's Post 
says it was only chipped. As the ball was encysted 
there will be a strong current of opinion that a sad 
error was committed in not ascertaining the direc- 
tion of the track of the bullet and providing for its 
free drainage, before the first rigors and abscess 
showed that the lack of such drainage had already 
produced pyaemia. The Graphic publishes a letter 
from a physician, who says: 
The real injury was to the bones of the spine and 
to the ribs. The injury to the spine seems not to 
have been great nor followed by very serious re- 
sults, unless it took partin the formation of the large 
abscess, six Inches by four In size, which appears to 
have proceeded almost exclusively from the splintered I 
rib. 
this that journal prefaces edltoraily: 
.The tollowing letter is from a physician of very 
nigh standing. From his opinion that the President's 
life could not have been saved, several of his fellow 
physicians, of equally high standing, dissent. But 
that there was gross malpractice in the case seems to 
be a belief hourly gaining ground. 
The fact that the bullet was finally found in the 
basin into which the Intestines and other viscera had 
ijeeii thrown, which we did not believe before, is coi^i- 
hrmed by the New York Medical Record, just out, 
which says apparently upon good authority : 
The opening through the body of the first lumbar 
vertebra appears to have been discovered accidentally, 
as was also the ball itself. The missile was really 
found in the massof intestines 'and annexa after re- 
moval Of the latter from the body. The supposed 
track of the ball proved to be nothing but a burrowing 
sinus connected with the fractured eleventh rib. The 
large pus-pouch under the liver was evidently due to 
the same condition, becoming converted into a closed 
sac by unequal healing of the course of the sinus. 
From the same journal we learn that the with? 
holding of the full account of,. the resets of the au,: 
topsy is in the interest of a private speculation; Ths 
Record says': 
11 was our intention in the present number to have 
given to the profession a full report, with illustra- 
tions, from Dr. D. W. Bliss, the attending physi- 
cian to the President. For obvious reasons Dr. Bliss 
has been prevented from preparing his account of the 
case in time for use in this issue. Wo hope to be 
able to present it in our next, W|th Ilie necessary 
diagrams of Charts and carefully jhade illustrations of 
pathological appearances. As this report will be 
made exclusively to the Record we shall spare no 
pains to make it acceptable to our readers. 
The fact that this journal is the chosen organ of 
Dr. Bliss makes it very strange that It should 
misstate stteh ad liiiportAnt jJotdt is the manlier of 
finding the billiei; except tne ° V^to^ay ^This tlme^hat| 
'^g^^ promi86| 
to me throughout the was"Were the! 
^Tne next question 
evidences of pyauuia. otherwise' ' | 
•flWSKSiSW d"' 
, and published heretofore. I now wait the judg- 
? meut of the profession upon the merits of the case, 
as will be presented in its surgical history." 
THE BULLETINS. 
"Was the condition of the President as officially 
I'declared in the bulletins systematically and inten- 
Itionally misrepresented, or not?" 
j "I am surprised that even a suspicion of ] 
1 the accuracy ot the bulletins should be| 
'entertained. The most scrupulous care] 
was exercised by the surgeons in j 
f counsel to construct the bulletins so as to give the . 
I exact condition of the President at the time of their 1 
k issue without presenting any individual opinion or 
discussing the medical aspects of the case before the 
! publie." 
"If misrepresented was the object justifiable?" 
"I think tho surgeons would not have been jus- 
. tilled in misrepresenting the condition of the Presi- 
1 dent in any particular." 
:"To what extent were Drs. Hamilton and Agnew 
practically connected with the case?" 
"They were associate counsel from the time they 
i entered into the case, which was forty-six 
; hours after the President received his 
d injuries, and from that time were kept 
a fully advised, and soon after one or both were al- 
ii ways present until the case terminated. They had 
j full control as consulting surgeons." 
| "Had any of the surgeons connected with 
| the case either a direct or remote interest 
Sin any stock speculation which could 
3 be affected by the President's condition or the re- 
import concerning it?" 
f "I regard the question as an in- 
sult to the professional and social 
integrity of the gentlemen concerned in the treat- 
ment ot the case. Their individual, social and pro- 
b fessional standing is a sufficient answer to the im- 
j plied insult." 
DR. EDSON INTERVIEWED. 
- 
' THE LATE PRESIDENT 8 CHIEF ATTENDANT DE- 
] CLINFS TO EXPRESS AN OPINION OF THE 
MEDICAL TREATMENT, PREFERRING TO WAIT 
j FOR THE DETAILS OF THE AUTOPSY-THE 
1 president's BACK HIS MIND WANDERING 
DURING THE LAST MONTH. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD.] 
Sabatoga, N. Y., Sept. 25, 1881. 
1 Mrs. Dr. Edson is spending a short time in Sara- 
3 toga recruiting, after the anxiety and labor of the 
along and faithful attendance at the bedside of 
g President Garfield. Dr. Edson has been naturally 
3 averse to discussion of the President's case, her as- 
a sociation with it and her friendly relations with the 
3 attending and consulting surgeons rendering 
Many hasty criticisms on her part, or 
a tho expression of professional opinions on 
S the wound and its treatment, ill advised 
3 at this time. In a conversation with the Herald 
8 correspondent to-night Mrs. Edson explained this 
B to be her position, but added that the interest and 
1 importance of the case and its bearing upon the 
5 treatment of gunshot wounds do not warrant any 
$ person who has a proper regard for the profession 
& of surgery in remaining silent when the whole 
S facts are reliably and officially before the people in 
n the report of the distinguished operator who 
^performed the autopsy. "I am anxious only 
& that the truth and the whole truth shall' 
>' bo known," said Dr. Edson, "without anv 
!concealment from personal or professional friend- 
ships, and without any coloring by prejudice or any 
malicious misrepresentations. When I see Dr. 
Lamb's report of the autopsy, if I have ary opinions 
ra to give, based upon that, I shall be very willing to 
speak, but until the tacts are before me I prefer to 
I be silent." 
"You have, then, your doubts as to the fulness 
and entire reliability ot the statement of the results 
ot the autopay already published," asked tho corre- 
spondent. 
i " ihe first atatemeut made," said Dr. Edson, 
j! "represented that the bullet, after a vain search tor 
li it in the frame of the deceased, was discovered in 
■ s the basin that contained the intestines, it having got 
j there through being cutout of the muscles of the 
j, body by Dr. Lamb, and placed in the basin with the 
» intestines. I knew that an operator of Dr. Lamb's 
S great skill and experience knew every cut he might 
■ make and that it was absurd to suppose that he would 
l| cut out the bullet without knowing it. This made 
me doubt the statement as a whole, because if an 
irterror of fact anpeared In one point there might be 
[terrors in others. I see in the interview with Dr. 
Bliss in to-day's Herald that be states the ball was 
| found encysted in the pancreas. This explains Hie 
'J discovery of the ball in the basin it the staieinent be 
$ correct, but I prefer to await Dr. Lamb's official re- 
•A port before drawing conclusions." 
WAS THE WOUND FATAL? 
w "Do you think the wound was necessarily fatal, or 
U that, if the exact course and location of tho ball with j 
K the injuries it inflicted had been known, the Prosi- 
b dent's life might have been saved?" 
i? "On that point," said Dr. Edson. "I must decline I 
fc to speak at this time. I must know just where the] 
bail was and more about the injuries it had inflicted I 
E in its passage before I am in a position to give! 
R answer to so important a question." 
jg "Were your relations with Dr. Bliss and the other 
ir surgeons ot a pleasant character?" 
"Entirely so. In a report in the Albany Arms I 
< am made to say differently, but the statement is an 
E error. I know nothing about Dr. Bliss' reported 
is difficulties with other doctors, as I was not present 
[r when the alleged conversations occurred. He al wavs 
h treated me courteously and seemed pleased to se- 
) cure my services tn the sick chamber." 
"Was there any sign of paralysis inthePres'- 
denfs limbs after the wound?'* 
"Nono at all. He could at all times move his 
limbs up and down. This was, of course, tested 
immediately after the wound w as inflicted. Thore 
was, however, difficulty in moving the head. The 
I President from the first was unable to raise his 
ihead. He could roil it from side to side, but this 
j was all. We had sometimes difficulty in raising it 
jto prop it up with a pillow." 
"Wits the President's mind clear or did he wander 
. much?" 
। "Until the last month o"his sickness his mind 
. was entirely clear, but for the last, mouth it wan- 
i dered the greater part of tho time. Nobody knows 
more about this than I do, because I was constantly 
j with him. It was possible sometimes tor those who 
i came in to talk with him to hold him for a few 
minutes, but most of the time for the last 
month I was with him his mind wandered. I am 
reported as saying that the President thought his 
; back was broken. This dees not give a correct rep- 
; resentation of the fact. When he was shot ho im- 
mediately vomited, but he was then insensible. Hu 
stated afterward that he dd not know he I 
! vomited but his first impression when he came to 
] was that his ba k was broken and he was very glad । 
j to discover directly that this was not the case. I 
. There is some error in the statement regarding Di\ 
j Hamilton's conversation with Dr. Boynton alter the 
Spatter had published his statement in regard to the 
I President's condition. Dr. Hamilton told Dr. 
Boynton that he had read the statement carefully! 
and without expressing his agreement withit said 
•it m .y bo that you are right. I am not prepared to 
say that you are wrong.' " 
Mrs. Edson again declined to make anv criticism 
of the treatment pursued by Dr. Bliss and his as-' 
sistants and consulting aids or to express an onin-S 
ion as to whether the President's life might have 
been saved, simply remarking that she had not had 
any part in the treatment and the 1 acts of the au- 
topsy must be known better than they now are be- 
fore a fair and just opinion can be expressed on 
these points. 
PULiPIT CRITICISM OF THl?D0CT0KS. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD.] 
Washington, Sept. 25, 1881. 
The late President's physicians, besides having to 
stand criticism for their mistakes in their surgical 
diagnosis of the President's case, are liable to severe 
attacks from the pulpit and church people generally 
for their exclusion from the sick room of the pastor 
of the Christian Church of this city, the 
Bev. Mr. Power. Mr. Power, though he s 
requested several times, it is said, to see the late# 
President during his illness, was not allowed to do I 
so. Mr. Power never openly complained, though £ 
he spoke about it to his church people and his min-| 
isterial brethren. The advance attack was made bj' f 
Dr. Butler, of the Lutheran Memorial Church, of! 
this city, in his sermon to-day. It wasE 
in this church that the union prayer f 
meetings were held each evening during the LTesi-I 
dent's illness, which the congregation of tboh 
Christian Church attended, their own church being J, 
too small to hold all who desired to attend them. P 
CRITICISING THE PHYSICIANS. 
Dr. Butler, in his sermon to-day, said he had fc 
never heard of a case before where the pa-g 
tient was regarded by his physicia .s to be so 
ill that his minister was not allowed to ad-g 
minister spiritual consolation to him. lie ii 
instanced tho case of President Lincoln, when Dr. H 
Gurley, his pastor, was allowed to see and to be S 
present at his, deathbed. He said there wasasani-fe 
Ury and healing power in other appliances than c 
physicians' prescriptions, and that it was a surprise.! 
to all Christian people that Mr. Power was E 
never allowed in the sick room. It was absurd,® 
he said, to lose faith in prayer, though K 
he admitted there were good reasons for losing con- % 
fidence in medical and surgical science. One of the 8 
most striking features of the case, he said, was theg 
mistake in the diagnosis of the men who bad it in K 
charge, but there was no good reason for losing con- 
fidence in God. 
In view of the relation that Dr. Butler's congrega-g 
tion held to the case, his remarks were very signifi- B 
cant and have created quite a stir in church going £ 
circles. 
ne w YOR K herald; 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
^81. 
DR. BLISS INTERVIEWED 
STATEMENT OF HIS CONNECTION WITH THE LATE 
BRIRIDENT's CASE QUESTIONS AS TO TEE ' 
CONSULTING PHYSICIANS, THE BULLETINS AND ' 
THE TREATMENT REPLIED TO CATEGORIC ALLS. 
Washington, Sept. 25, 1881. 1 
The Pott to-day presented editorially a number of 
questions bearing upon the alleged question of mal- 
practice in President Garfield's case, and also os to : 
the truthfulness of the autopsy as reported in the i 
bulletin from Elberon. Dr. Bliss, in an interview ' 
to-day, takes up and replies to them categorically as 
follows:- 
"The first question put is, 'Oould the course of 
the ball and the injury inflicted by it have been dis- 
covered by the exercise of proper medical skill?' " 
"As this will bo answered in the report of the 
gentlemen conducting the autopsy it would not be 
proper for me to answer it," was Dr. Bliss' reply. 
"If this could have been known in the earliest [ 
stages of the case could not the burrowing of the 
pus, caused by the shattered rib, which formed a 
pus sack nearly twelve inches in length, have been 
prevented ?'' 
"This is a part of the professional history which 
was also revealed by the autopsy, and I must decline 
to answer it also." 
"It this could have been prevented would not the 
patient have been saved from blood poisoning?" 
"The same conditions as to being answered by me. 
obtain in this as in the previous interrogatories." 
"Was the stomach properly treated?" , 
"The greatest possible care," replied Dr. Bliss, 
"was exercised in regard to the functions of diges- 
tion and assimilation. The nourishments were 
carefully prepared under tho direction of or by one 
of the surgeons in attendance, and during al- 
most the whole course of the treatment were 
administered by one of them. At tho first intima- 
tion of a failure of the stomach to perform its 
function it was placed at physiological rest and re- 
»ort was had to rectal alimentation. This course 
was pursued after a most careful study at the 
previous condition, history and habits of the Presi- 
dent and of such maladies as he had previously 
suffered from. 1 believe the manner in which he 
was sustained during the period of seventy-nine 
days is the best answer as to the course pursued." 
"Was the best medical talent employed, or was it 
Intentionally driven away trom the case? And were 
the President's wishes ns to his medical attendance 
regarded, orjwere they, on the contrary, persistently 
thwarted?" 
"In reply to these questions, both of which in- 
volve the same answer," remarked Dr. Bliss, "1 may 
say that the verdict of the medical profession of the 
world upon the history of the case, its 
treatment and the pathological conditions re- 
vealed at the autopsy, will be my best 
vindication. As to the other gentlemen who were 
associated with me as counsel, and who, with perfect 
unanimity, sustained the diagnosis, management and 
treatment, there can be but one opinion. They stand 
pre-eminent in their profession, and are meu 
Whose opinions will be taken as the dicta of modern 
turgery. They, like myself, will be tried by their 
peers upon the facts and will cheerfully submit to 
the just judgment of an enlightened profession. i 
ASSUMING CONTROL. 
"Now, in regard to the wishes of the President, the f 
Secretary of War seut his carriage for mo im-i 
mediately after the shooting, with a message! 
to take charge of the President's easel 
until further orders. Upon arriving at the 
depot I was immediately conducted to the room 
where the President was lying and assumed charge 
of the case, feeling that I was there by 
proper authority. The history and conduct 
of the case are not pertinent until the fol- 
lowing Sunday morning. The President had fully 
reacted, had had several hours of rest, was cheerful 
and was competent to attend to any ordinary busi- 
ness when I presented the matter of his professional 
attendance to him, Mrs. Garfield being present. 
I then explained to him fuLy the valuable protes- 
Bloual assistance the large number of medical geu- 
tlenien had rendered up to that time, representing 
as they did the best medical talent in the city. 
"His reply was:-'Of course. Doctor, it will not do 
to continue' the large number of medical gentlemen 
In attendance. Bueh a number of surgeons would 
be cumbersome and unwieldy.' 
"I said, then, 'Mr. President, it is your duty to se- 
lect your medical attendants now.' 
"He replied-*1 desire you to take charge of my 
ease; I know of your experience and skill, and have 
full confidence in your judgment, and wish you to 
thank the doctors individually for their kind at- 
tendance.' I thanked him and replied that it would 
be necessary to select three or four medical men as 
counsel in the case. He replied:-'I shall leave) 
that entirely with you. You know what talent! 
you require, and your judgment is best upon that 
point.' I then selected, in order, the gentlemen I 
who were immediately associated in the case,! 
stating, in each instance, the reason for so doing. I 
He said that was eminently satisfactory to! 
hi*. I then turned to Mrs. Garfield and> 
said:-'If you desire to add one or more to the num- 
ber selected I shall be happy to invite them to our 
counsel.' Her reply was:-•! would not add one to 
the number you have selected, and I want to say to 
you. Doctor, that you shall not be embarrassed in 
any way in your future treatment o this cas 
N-ither the President nor Mrs. Garfield nor anv 
member of the household, from that time to the 
present, suggested the name of any other physician. 
THE NATIONAL REPUBLICAN. 
Published daily (Sundays excepted) by the 
NATIONAL REPUBLICAN PRINTING COMPANY, 
At 1308 and 131J Pennsylvania avenue. 
TERMS: 
One copy one year 55 00 
One copy one month 50 
Address NATIONAL REPUBLICAN, 
Washington, D. C. 
[Entered at the post-office at Washington, D. C., as 
second-class matter.] 
WASHINGTON, D. C., SEPTEMBER 26, 1881. 
A consultation of the physicians who 
; have been connected with the ease of President 
i Garfield who are resident in Washington was 
. held at seven o'clock yesterday evening at the 
' office of Surgeon-General Barnes, at which the final 
i report of the autopsy was read. The consultation 
; lasted until quarter-past nine p. m., when Dr. 
1 Lamb, who performed the surgery at the autopsy 
hat Elberon, left the office and proceeded 
n to the Army Medical Museum, where Ue was 
Bjoined at ten p. m. by Dr. Bliss and 
B Surgeon Joseph J. Woodward, these having left 
9 General Barnes' office at half-past nine o'clock 
| with Dr. Reyburn, but the latter proceeded to his 
Shomc. Al the Museum the three surgeons pro- 
| ceeded to an upper room, where a series of exam- 
I inatious of subjects was made to complete the 
| autopsy commenced at Elberon. These examina- 
e lions continued until 11:45 p. m., at which time 
| the report was completed, and it is now 
S ready to be mailed to the American Monthly 
! Journal of Medical Science, at Philadelphia, 
and to the Medical Record, a weekly, of 
Mw lork city. Dr. Bliss stated to a reporter of 
The Republican that the report will fill at least 
: thirty columns of newspaper space, and is sent tc 
: these two journals because they were the only ones 
to ask for it in full. He said it is hardly possible to 
make a synopsis of the report, as the preliminary 
one made last Wednesday night was in itself a 
complete synopsis. Three subjects were used at 
the examinations made last night. is also sagacious enough to leave a num- 
ber of them unanswered; this challenges 
our admiration. The gentlemen who are 
conducting the autopsy are relied on to 
decide whether the President's case was 
properly diagnosed and treated; and not 
until they speak will the adroit Doctor 
open his mouth or sharpen his pencil. 
Dr. Bliss is sure, however, that the 
Presidential stomach was properly treated; 
and he is also sure that he remained in 
charge of the case because the President 
and Mrs. Garfield requested him to do 
so. The issue on this important point 
seems to be clearly joined. Dr. Bliss is 
circumstantial in his statement of the 
President's declaration as wTell as of Mrs. 
Garfield's. To use a familiar medical 
phrase, the Doctor has so thoroughly en- 
cysted himself that there will be no trou- 
ble to find him when they want him. 
A positive iteration of the opinion that 
there was no such thing as pyemia in the 
President's case, and no evidence of it at 
the autopsy, was to have been expected. 
The Doctor is not the man to retire from 
a position until the force opposed to him 
is a good deal stronger than the force 
controlled by him. 
The assertion that he is surprised that 
even a suspicion of the accuracy of a sin- 
gle one of the two or three hundred bul- 
letins signed by him should be entertained 
makes us sad. With others it is likely 
to provoke a smile. There are also, we 
fear, men of froward passions who will 
swear when they read it. 
। A New York paper has published a 
I number of letters and telegrams purport- 
ing to be copies of the original documents 
by which it certainly appears that some 
of the attending surgeons were interested 
in stock speculations. Dr. Bliss protests 
that to ask him if such a thing could be 
possible is an insult. He will, so far as 
we are concerned, consider the question 
withdrawn. The New York newspaper 
must fight its own fights. 
A representative of The Republican 
met Dr. Bliss upon the street last evening, and 
there ensued the following hasty conversation: 
Republican reporter-" Doctor, I see the papers 
are reviving some of the controversy of last July 
relative to your original connection with th$ 
President's case, and they are making some grave 
accusations about the autopsy at Long Branch." 
Dr. Bliss-" Yes, I have read some of the news- 
paper articles you refer to, and have heard much 
on those subjects from my friends. I have no ob- 
jection to answering any proper inquiry from any 
respectable source, at an opportune time, bn* 
seems to mejhese peoni--- ~ 
uiiah '.avq '„oiramcd themselves for a few days, 
at least until the funeral of General Garfield shall 
have taken place. And besides these men who 
are instigating the publications and attempting to 
poison the public mind know very well that it 
will be but a few days until the complete history 
of the autopsy will be published with the signa- 
tures of all the physicians engaged in the post 
mortem attached thereto. I shall be entirely sat- 
isfied, after that record goes authentically to the 
public, to be criticized by any one competent to 
handle the subject. You know that, although my 
name is attached to that record of the autopsy and 
I was present at the post mortem, yet in point of 
fact that was a jury trying me." 
Republican-" When will that complete; record 
be published ?" 
Dr. Bliss-" In a few days; it will be printed in the 
Medical Record'of next Saturday. lam this mo- 
ment on my way to keep an appointment to heal 
the complete record read and attach my name t< 
it. The manuscript will then be taken to Drs 
Agnew and Hamilton for their signatures, and 
thence to the printers." 
Republican-" What foundation is there foj the 
charges * that the bullet was found not in the body, 
but in the basin;' 'that the bullet was found 
among the intestines after they had been removed 
from the body,' and so on?" 
Dr. Bliss-"The whole story is a fabrication, ai 
you will see when you read our record next week; 
This class of stuff is pressed by the parties whj 
have been pursuing me since the day the Presidenj 
was shot. I know who the principal accuser: 
are." 
Republican-" Who are these ? " 
Dr. Bliss-"It is no secret. They are Drs. Baxtei 
and Wales. They seem to overlook the fact tha; 
' when they are charging 'evasion,' 'concealment 
of facts,' Ac., in the matter of the autopsy they 
attack the veracity and professional reputation oi 
Drs. Hamilton and Agnew, Reyburn, Barnes, 
Woodward, and Lamb. This Baxter-Wales junto 
has at all times given praise to Agnew and HamiD 
ton for medical skill and extraordinary ability ai 
surgeons, and have admitted their veracity. The 
junto has thus given those eminent surgeons a 
standing in court, and now I. call them as wit- 
nesses." 
Republican-" Well, Doctor, what may I say ai 
briefly as may be as to the charge ' that the bullet 
was found not in the body.' " 
Dr. Bliss-" You may say it is false. I could go. 
on and describe the whole proceeding, but as the 
time is up for my appointment to hear the record, 
read I shall have to go. But you may say further 
that the bullet was discovered attached 
to the pancreas, and was there encysted. There 
! were no signs of pyeemia. Metastatic abscesses 
were not found; no pus cavity could be discovered 
in the lungs, and I maintain yet that as to the 
pulmonary disturbance we correctly stated th« 
case in a bulletin not many days before the Bresin 
I dent died. And I want to suggest that, as it turnj 
out, we were practically treating a hypothetical 
I case, as the autopsy shows; but there is the othei 
fact to go along with that, namely, that our treat- 
ment as the case appeared to us was the best that 
could be devised." 
Republican-" Well, Doctor, I thank you for 
giving me so much of your limited time, but, 
nevertheless, I must ask you one more question, 
What shall I say about that July controversy rela- 
tive to your connection with the case? An editor- 
ial in this morning^ Post, among several queries, 
puts the following: 'Was the best medical talent 
employed or was it intentionally driven away 
from the case?' Were the President's wishes as to 
his medical attendance regarded or ■were they, on 
the contrary, persistently thwarted ?" 
Dr. Bliss-" The history which gives the truthful 
answers to those questions was stated by me fre- 
quently to reporters, while the facts were fresh in 
my memory. That statement was at that time 
published, and no one has ever denied the cor- 
rectness of the same. I think I made that state- 
ment to you in detail." 
Republican-" Yes, you did, and I published it." 
©jt Wsudpwgtoi Post 
WASHINGTON-, SEPTEMBER 26, 1881. 
Dr. Bliss Replies. 
Br. Bliss is kind enough to answer a 
number of the questions we put to him 
yesterday, for which we thank him. He INEW YORK HERALD 
jury introduced his finger to its full ex-5 
tent, and that he had declared that it pene-1 
mated the substance of the liver, the structure of | 
which he recognized by its granular feel, and Dr. Si 
Bliss stated that he had introduced a probe about r 
three inches, which seemed to have-passed in the® 
same direction. This testimony was regarded suifi-fl 
cient to determine that the ball was at least be- 
yond our reach, and beyond the reach of 0 
safe exploration. Dr. Woodward had intro- d 
i duced his finger sufficiently deep into theh 
wound to determine that the rib was broken.t 
I Finding upon personal examination and inspection L' 
1 that the track of the wound was completely closed Ki 
by a firm clot, I refused to make any further ex- g 
ploration. From this time forward great uncer-K 
tainty existed in the minds of the medical atten-if 
dants as to the actual course and present situation w 
of the balL On the 24th of July, and after the com- H 
plete subsidence of the tympanites, a circumscribed g 
point of induration was- discovered in the right iliacK 
fossa, which at once led to a suspicion that the ball | 
had been deflected, coursing along the anterior S 
surface of the lumbar muscles, and that this H 
induration indicated its present seat. This sus-S 
picion was sustained by the hyperassthesia of the W 
Tight side or the scrotum, which, as Professor® 
Weisse had already shown in his anatomical obser-S 
vations, would be the natural result of an injury of is 
the ileo-tnguinal or ileo-hypogastric nerves, which M 
lie in the course of the then supposed track of the g 
bail. Still further confirmation was added when, E 
on the 27th of July, we found that a flexible | 
catheter could be carried downward in the I 
direction of the supposed situation of the ball I 
to a distance of seven inches. The point of indura-1 
tion in the right iliac fossa gradually moved down-1 
ward and became more hard and defined, conveying I 
the impression that it was the ball and that it was | 
encysted. At the autopsy, it having been deter-3 
mined that this was not the ball, further examina-H 
tion of the channel in this direction was not prose- a 
cuted. Indeed this induration had entirely disap-5 
peered after death, and it is now presumed that it I 
onjy indicated the lower end of the long sinus ; 
already described. 
MAKING INCISIONS. 
About thia period a small pouch of pus was 
formed in connection with the main channel, ex- 
tending underneath the integuments of the back, 
causing rigors, which were at once relieved by a 
free incision; and a little later rigors followed in 
consequence of the temporary obstruction of the 
channel caused by the floating of a small fragment 
of the rib into the orifice, which were re- 
lieved on the removal of the fragment. 
On the 8th of August great difficulty hav- 
ing been experienced in the introduction of 
the drainage tube into this long suppurating canal, 
an incisidn was made below the twelfth rib, the 
patient being under the influence of ether. About 
: a week later the stomach of the President became 
> exceedingly irritable, and it was found necessary to 
suspend alimentation by the mouth, and 
s for three or four days he was nourished 
! only by enemata. On the fourth day after 
| the suspension of alimentation by the mouth the 
right parotid gland began to enlarge (August 17), 
1 and on August 24 suppurated and was incisea, the 
first incision giving exit only to a few drops of 
pus. Subsequently it opened into the moath and 
I meatus auditorius externus, and three or four in- 
* cisions wore made at different points on the surface 
for the exit of matter. At the time of death the 
I suppuration and swelling of the parotid gland had 
almost entirelj- disappeared. 
THE LUliG a BOUBIiR. 
Following the parotitis there was a gradual devel- 
opment of bronchitis in the right, lung, and finally i 
f a broncho-pneumonia of the lower portion of thej 
I Tight lung, indicated by well defined dulness and a 
i total absence of the respiratory murmur in that 
i region. From this time until the period of hie re 
U moval from Washington there are no events of. 
I striking interest worthy of being related in ■ 
| this brief summary, except the alarming weak- 
' uess and great somnolency of the patient, 
) which occurred on the 24th, 25th and 26th of August, 
g and which led to au apprehension that a latal issue 
Iwas at hand. The patient was evidently suffering 
from atmospheric influences, the deal being intense 
and oppressive, and most of the time the air being 
motionless, so that a leaf could not be seen to 
v stir upon the trees surrounding the White House. 
| There was no evidence, however, at any time 
« that the patient suffered from malaria having 
r its source in the house drainage or the 
IJ marshes in the vicinity, and which latter 
c I at a later time in the season had always' been 
■ regarded as pestiferous. His removal to Long 
Branch occurred on the 6th of September, and was] 
। effected without Injury or discomfort to thepatient, 
• with only a slight amount of fatigue, manifested 
I; after his arrival, and from which on the following 
| morning he had completely recovered. There was 
J no day while he lay in the cottage at 
| Long Branch that be did not express him-i 
§ self as pleased, and even delighted, with 
a the change; nor was he ever oppressed by the 
j heat, although one of the days, the first after his» 
1 arrival, was the hottest day of the season. At two* 
■o'clock in the afternoon of this day, when the heat! 
i was greatest, in reply to my inquiry he said he ex ' 
jperier.ced no dis oxnfort. 
DEATH SOT UNANTICIPATED. 
!From this time until the period of his death, 
which was sudden and unexpected, although in no 
g sense unanticipated, there is no incident worthy of 
| special note, except that there was a gradual change 
I in the last two or three days for the worse, 'The 
manner of his death and the result of the subse- 
|qucr»t autopsy are sufficiently explained in the 
[official bulletin:- 
I A post-mortem examination of the body of Presl- 
jdent Garfield was made, eighteen hours after death, 
I in the presence and with the assistance of Drs. 
I Hamilton, Agnew, Bliss, Barnes, Woodward, Rey- 
J burn, Andrew H. Smith, of Elberon, and Acting As- 
j sistant Surgeon D. S. Lamb, of the Army Medical' 
■ Museum, Washington. The operation was per-1 
I formed by Dr. Lamb. It was found that the! 
I ball, aiter fracturing the right eleventh rib, 
[had passed through the spinal column in 
[front of the spinal canal, fracturing the body of the 
I first lumbar vertebra, driving a number of small 
[fragments of bone into the adjacent soft parts and 
[lodging below the pancreas, about two inches and a 
I halt to the left of the spine and behind the peri- 
Itoueum, where it h^d become completely encysted. 
[ The immediate daiise of death was secondary hem- 
B orrhage, from one of the mesenteric arteries 
[adjoining trie track of the ball, the blood 
8 rupturing the peritoneum and nearly a pint 
[escaping into the abdominal cavity. This 
I hemorrhage is believe ! to have been the cause 
[of the severe pain in the lower part of thechestcom- 
| plained of just before death. An abscess cavity, six 
[inches bv tour in dimension, was found in the vicin- 
| ity of the gall bladder, between the liver and the 
[ transverse colon, which were strongly adherent. It 
[did not involve the substance of the liver and no 
I communication found between it and the 
9 wound. A long suppurating channel extended from 
| the external wound, between the loin mu.-.cies aid 
[the right kidney, almost to the right groin. This 
[channel, now known to be due to the burrow- 
ting of pus from the wound, was supposed during 
[life to have been the track of the ball. On an ex- 
[ amination of the organs of the chest evidences of 
[severe bronchitis were found on both sides, with 
[broncho-pneumonia of-the lower portions of the 
[right lung, and, though to a much less extent, of 
[the left. The lungs contained no abscesses and 
[the heart no clots. The liver was enlarged and 
[ fatty, but tree from abscesses. Nor were any 
[found in any other organ except the left kidney, 
[which contained near its surface a small abscess 
!about one-third of an Inch in diameter. In review- 
Sing the history of the case in connection vlth the 
I autopsy, it is quite evident that the different sup- 
purating surfaces, and especially the fractured, 
spongy tissue of the vertebra, furnish a sufficient 
explanation of the septic condition which existed. 
D. W. BLISS. 
J. K. BAliNES, 
J. J. WOODWARD, 
EOBERT HEYBURN, 
FRANK H. HAMILTON, 
D. HAYES AGNEW, 
ANDREW H. SMITH, 
D. B. LAMB. 
ABVERSK CRITICISM. 
It may be necessary, however, torepeat, inasmuch 
as contrary statements have been made, that the 
lungs contained not even the most minute abscess 
and that there was no metastatioabscessfoundinany 
of the structures oxamined, except one less than a 
half inch in diameter near the surface of the left 
■kidney. There were three small serous cysts under 
the peritoneal covering on tho-ccnvex edge of the 
I right kidney, each about the size of a vertical section 
of a large pea. The abscess found between the 
I transverse colon and the liver was evidently 
not metastatic, but probably was caused by 
the original injury. There was no cicatrix or 
wound of the liver nor anything to indicate that it 
had suffered injury in the slightest degree. Since 
it has been thought by some that it was the duty oft 
| the surgeons to have ascertained positively the f 
I course and location of the ball, it is proper to [ 
consider whether either the one or the other' 
were practicable. As to determining the course 
of the ball by a probe, every anatomist will see j 
that it was impossible, if he will consider- 
the very tortuous course which the ball must? 
have taken to reach its final destination; that i 
it passed through the solid structure of the verte- 
bra, and that no metallic instrument sufficiently 
firm to give indications of the course and direction i 
which it took within the body could ever have* 
reached the ball; nor would any surgeon of expert-> 
ence, familiar with gunshot wounds of the belly, in j 
the absence of any satisfactory or conclusive [ 
evidence as to w-hat course the ball had taken, ven- [ 
ture to introduce a probe into the abdominal? 
cavity for the purpose of exploring the supposed; 
track, nor indeed if he had evidence as to the course; 
and situation of the ball could he have been jnsti- ' 
fied in such an exploration. No point is batter set- s 
tied in surgery than that interference of this sort i 
in gunshot woundsof the belly is meddlesome, use- 
less and dangerous, and had it been done and a fatal 
peritonitis in consequence been set up the surgeon 
doing it would have been justly held responsible for 
the fatal result. • 
As to the possibility of the extraction of the ball 
safely it would have required a large tegumentary 
and muscular incision as a means of approach to 
tue spinal column; the actual removal of the whole 
of the twelfth lumbar vertebra in order to furnish a 
sufficient channel through which the bold surgeon 
should advance with his instrument for extraction, 
and, after emerging from thecavity thus made in the 
spinal column, he would have to penetrate or grope 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. TUESDAY. SEPTEMBER 27. 1881. 
DR. MILWS REPORT. 
He Defends the Course Pursued by the 
President's Physicians. 
AN OFFICIAL HISTORY OF THE CASE 
How the Surgeons Were First Misled as to 
the Position of the Ball. 
ITS EXTRACTION IMPOSSIBLE 
Death Sudden and Unexpected, 
but Not Unanticipated. 
To the discussion which has been raisedin medical 
circles over certain points cf treatment in the case 
of President Garfield. Dr. Frank Hamilton, one of 
the attending physicians, has made an important 
contribution. He has given a statement of the; 
treatment adopted and the reasons there-. 
for to the Medical Gazetie, of this city, | 
wherein it will appear on October 1, > 
and to the editor of which we are indebted for 
advance proofs. Dr. Hamilton agrees entirely with 
all that was done by the body of attending physi- 
cians and answers some of the arguments advanced 
by his critics, especially those relating to the re- 
moval of the ball and the making of a coun'er 
opening in the lower portion of the long sinus. 
In answer to inquiries of the Gazelle Dr. Hamilton 
dictated the tollowing: - 
THE DOCTOR'S STATEMENT. 
So far as I am informed the testimony is conflict- 
ing as to the relative positions of the President and ■ 
the assassin when the pistol was fired. It is now - 
rendered probable that tbe assassin stood well to the • 
right and slightly in the rear of the President. The । 
ball entered about four inches to the right of the 
spine, penetrating and comminuting the elev- 
enth rib, entering the intervertebral substance 
between the last dorsal and first lumbar 
vertebise, and, passing obliquely forward, 
emerged at a point near the centre of the first 
lumbar vertebra in front; and was found seme 
distance to the left of the vertebra at the lower mar- 
gin of the pancreas-being situated nearer its pos- 
terior than its anterior surface-wholly without the 
peritoneal cavity. It is unnecessary to say that the 
course of the ball, after penetrating the rib, was 
not determined until after death. I saw tine patient 
on the morning of July 4, in consulta- 
tion. We wore then informed of the manner 
of tbe accident, and that on the receipt of 
the injury the President had fallen to the floor, 
sinking down to the right side; that, being interro- 
gated, he complained of pain in his right ankle, and 
subsequently, in the course of the day, of a similar 
pain in his left ankle, which pains had been 
promptly relieved by the hypodermic injection of 
morphine. He vomited immediately after the re- 
ceipt of the injury, and in the course of the day his) 
urine had to be drawn once by the catheter. 
There was not, when first seen by myself, nor has 
there been at any time subsequently, any apparent 
Jobs of power in his lower extremities, or diminu- 
tion of the natural sensibility at any point. The 
pains in his ankles, however, vtero accompanied 
with hyperesthesia of the integument, and a few 
flays later it was observed that there was hyper- 
sn^thesia of the integument of the right side of the 
scrotum. All of these symptoms-the pain and the 
hyperesthesia-disappeared wholly in thocourse-of 
Hie first week or two, and never returned. 
THE COURSE OP THE BAbL. 
On the morning of the 4th of July the pa- 
tient. being partially under the influence of mor- 
phine, was not suffering pain, the bowels were tym- 
panitic, and the pulse was feeble. At the first con- 
sultation, the question having arisen as to the 
probable course of the ball, it was stated 
that Surgeon General Wales, of the navy, 
had on the day of the receipt of tho in- I tris way cautiously between the gcnglionic system of 
nerves and arteries, veins, lymphatics, including the 
thoracic duct, all of which are vital structures al- 
most inextricably joined to each other on' the front 
and sides or the spinal column, and the lesion of any 
one of which must have proved inevitably fatal. 
। Throughout the whole course of the treatment, con- 
! trary to what has been publicly said repeatedly, so 
Star as it was possible to apply the system of anti- 
| septic surgery advocated by Mr. Lister to a wound 
| of this character it was rigorously employed, 
ANOTHER COUNTER OPENING. 
5 I am reminded now to say, in reply to some sugges-1 
S tions made from time to time, that we ought to haveg 
made a counter opening in the lower portion of the I 
long sinus which terminated in the right iliac i 
fossa; that there was no period of time during I 
the progress of the case in whioh we felt abso- i 
lutely certain that what we recognized in the fossa 
as a point of induration was the ball, nor were 
we entirely certain at any time where the 
lower end of the sinus was actually situ- 
ated; nothing but a very flexible instrument 
could ever be introduced, and, inasmuch as when 
introduced its presence in the track could not be 
recognized by the sense of touch, we were left with- 
out any means of determining, with a sufficient de- 
gree of accuracy to justify an operation, where the 
lower end of the channel was. Indeed, it is prob- 
able that the flexible catheter employed never, 
reached the lower end of the channel, but 
doubled upon itself near the crest of the 
ileum. To have cut through or between B 
the great mass of muscles in the lower portion of® 
the lumbar region for the purpose of making aM 
counter incision into a small channel, the course of p 
whicn we did not and could not know, even ap S 
proximately, would have beeu under any circum- 
stances an unjustifiable procedure, and esnecially S 
so in the case of the President, whose hold upon 
life during ail this long period seemed to depend 
upon a thread. 
THE ACADHMX OP MEDICINE. 
In connection with the above it may not be out 
of place to refer to the resolutions concerning the 
death of the President passed by the American 
Academy of Medicine. The first and second para- 
graphs of these resolutions deplore the loss of one® 
whose career to the last was marked with all the g 
manifestations which constitute a typical manhood,® 
and express sympathy with the mother, wife and 8 
children of the President. The third paragraph JI 
reads as follows:- 
Resolved, That the prudent, faithful and and inde- § 
fatigable attentions of the attending physicians upon g 
j President Garfield, and of our respected fellow mem- E 
S the consulting surgeons-merit the approval? 
of their medical brethren, and that, in the opinion f 
i of the Fellows of the Academy of Medicine, all j 
3 seems to have been d me for the illustrious patient J 
J th t scientific knowledge and practical skill could | 
3 suggest to ward oil' the fatal effects of the assassin's E 
| ball. t 
ton and Bliss, indeed, were the chief, 
sources of information or misinformation 
for the reporters. Dr. Hamilton and Dr. 
Agnew said little. Faithful as Swaim and 
Rockwell were as attendants, their word 
was not to be depended upon for an instant 
on an jr question of fact about tho President's 
condition. Dr. Bliss talked a great deal 
and wrote a series oi bulletins, nearly every 
one of which confessed the falsehood of its 
predecessors. Dr. Boynton's statements 
seemed careful, truthful, and unbiassed 
either by hope or alarm. His predictions 
were often justified by the event, as the 
public quickly found out. For these reasons, 
his testimony regarding the autopsy is not 
to bo sot aside on the mere plea that he is 
a homoeopathist and that his vanity has 
been wounded. 
The public waits anxiously for tho full 
text of Dr. Boynton's account of the post- 
mortem examination. According to his 
statement, it was conducted with a blunder- 
ing and slashing recklessness that would 
have disgraced a party of drunken medical 
freshmen. According to his statement, also, 
it was officially reported upon with a delib- 
erate intention to conceal and deceive. On 
the other hand, the full report of Dr. Lamb 
and the other physicians is yet to appear. 
Until we have that, judgment on Dr. Boyn- 
ton's astonishing charges must bo sus- 
pended. Moreover, it is certain that where 
there were so many witnesses to simple 
questions of fact, there can bo no effect- 
ual collusion, and no permanent suppres- 
sion of the truth. 
Bit. HAMILTON VERSUS DR. BOINTON. 
ireaasertlng that there was No Abeess In the 
Of the Late President. 
Dr. Frank H. Hamilton is averse to dis- 
cussing in the daily press the points that have 
been raised among those of the medical fra- 
ternity with reference to the autopsy on the 
body oi the late President. He is confident, he 
says, that many of the criticisms are premature 
and will be fully answered when the facts of 
the autopsy are made public more fully 
by the notes of Dr. Woodward and the 
results of the microscopic examination 
not yet furnished for publication. As to the 
alleged protests made by Dr. Hamilton against 
the excessive use of opium, the fact is that Dr. 
Hamilton never saw the President in any other 
than a lucid state of mind from first to last 
Upon one point, however. Dr. Hamilton is 
willing to bo quoted in answer to tho opinions 
relative to the autopsy attributed to Dr. Boyn- 
ton. Dr. Hamilton was asked last night whether 
Dr. Boynton was correct in saying there were 
abscesses in the lungs. Dr. Hamilton replied: 
I do ^ink that Dr. Boynton has ever 
said this. I think he is a man of too much in- 
telligence and integrity to have made so plain 
a misstatement of the facts. The lungs were 
incised repeatedly in various directions. Not 
an abscess tho size of a pin's head was found 
anywhere in the structure. He certainly could 
not have mistaken transverse sections of the 
bronchial ramifications for abscesses, although 
an uneducated man-that is. one uneducated in 
the anatomy of the Human system-might easi- 
ly have mistaken these sections, each one of 
which contained muco-purulent matter, for ab- 
scesses. As to the suggestion that it was tested 
by dropping a portion of the lung in water 
that was only to determine whether any portion 
of tho lung had undergone solidification. It 
certainly could not have determined whether 
it contained abscesses." 
W* wHib jBw. 
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1881. 
Was there an Honest Autopsy ? 
Dr. Boynton's place among the physicians 
who surrounded President Garfield was a 
peculiar one. Belonging to a different 
school of medicine, he was not recognized as 
a regular practitioner by the surgeons in 
charge of the case. He had no part at all in 
the consultations, and no share beyond that 
of a nurse in the management of affairs at 
the patient's bedside. Yet his personal re- 
lations with the Garfield family were 
such that he could not be shut out, and he 
watched the case to the end with a phy- 
sician's eyes from a nurse's advantageous 
point of view. He was also present at 
the post-mortem examination. 
Two facts mujt be kept in mind in any 
fair consideration of the extraordinary 
charges which Dr. Boynton has made in re- 
gard to the conduct of the autopsy: As a 
homoeopathist, he was professionally hostile 
to the surgeons in attendance; and as an 
individual who had been summoned to the 
consulting room only once, and then to be 
rebuked for loquacity, he must not be ex- 
pected to hold an attitude of humble admi- 
ration for the men who snubbed him. Hu- 
man nature is not laid aside at the threshold 
of the sick chamber. 
Dr. Boynton's charges, however, will not 
be dismissed on any such grounds as these. 
It is a fact that the public's confidence in 
the information imparted by him to the 
newspaper correspondents increased during 
the progress of the case as steadily as the 
distrust in Dr. Bliss's asseverations. Boyn- FLUCTUATIONS IN PULSE, TEMPERATURE, AND RESPIRATION. 
The charts given below will be found very valuable and interesting to all, as showing the pulse, temperature, and respira- 
tion of the late President Garfield during the period of his late illness. It is given with astonishing minuteness and fidelity for 
each day, morning, noon, and night, and is compiled and prepared from the official bulletins. This record begins on the 3d day 
of July. In order to avoid any study and comprehend the chart at a glance it should be stated that the heavy black line 
designates the pulse; the temperature thus, , and the respiration thus, . The columns of figures 
on the left denote degrees, while over each table are the weeks in numerical order and the days of the month. Of course the 
greatest fluctuation was in the pulse, which will be seen at a glance, for while several days might be passed without much vari- 
ation, at others times it took sudden and alarming jumps that would also last for days, only to sharply turn about and descend 
as rapidly, or even more so. By consulting the map it will be seen that the longest period when the pulse was stationary was 
four days, this occuring upon the 13th, 14th, 15th, and 16th of July, when the pulse was at 90, followed by five days of moderate 
fluctuation. On the 22d of July the pulse took a sudden jump of 20, from 88 to 108, which was continued the next day up to 
112, and the next day falling abruptly to 96. From this time until the sad end there were no periods of more than three days 
when the pulse was at the same figure, but was generally subject to sudden and great fluctuations. At noon of the 22d of July, 
the date of the first surgical operation, the pulse jumped from 92 to 130, and falling on the 23d to 103. The lowest point reached 
by the pulse was on the morning of the 20th of July and the highest at any time was 130, which was reached on the 22d of July 
and the night of the 15th of August. The greatest variation in respiration and temperature was also on the 22d of July at noon. 
1 hroughout the greatest fluctuation in pulse, respiration, and temperature is found to have been at the noon hour At noon on 
be 14th of September the pulse was 102, and upon each succeeding day ranged higher, until the 17th, when the descent 
began, and continued until the lamp of life flickered and went out. The respiration reached the highest point (26) at noon of 
die 22d of July, and the lowest (17) on the morning of the 22d of July, the morning of the 18th of August, the 24th of August, the 
26th of August, the 28th and 29th of August, the noon of August 19, the noon of August 24, the noon of August 31, and the noons 
of August 8 and 9; also the mornings of the 1st and 2d of September. It did not reach so low a point at any time during the 
night, with the exception of the memorable 2d of July. The temperature reached the highest point on the noon of the 22d ot 
July (104°), and the lowest did not go below 98°. Although the line of fluctuation is not so strongly marked in temperature, it 
should be remembered that every degree counts heavily, and evento tenths of degrees. The charts throughout are very inter- 
?sting, and will well repay careful study, especially to those who have watched the bulletins of each day, with their alternations 
sf hope and fear. The good days and bad days are readily discerned. The effects of surgical operation and the removal to 
Elberon can be seen readily. The>give a complete and authentic bird's-eye history of the case from the Beginning to the end. 
The plates have been furnished to The Republican through the kindness of Mr. C. K. Lord, of Baltimore, General Passen- 
ier Agent of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, under whose direction and superintendence they were engraved. The record 
■an be considered official and exact. 
THE NATIONAL REPUBLICAN: TUESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 27, ISSE 
MORNING. 
'Woosr.' MIOSIS NEW YOKK HEKALD 
geon. Fancy a fellow hacking away the' 
whole body of a vertebral bone, as Dr. 
Hamilton supposes, merely to get out a 
pistol bullet that has passed to the other 
side of the spine, as if it were not as easy 
lor a knife to go down upon the bullet nt 
one side of the spinal column as it was for 
a bullet to go in at the other side. But Dr. 
Hamilton's argument on the impossibility 
of extracting this bullet is all absurd, if 
they tell the truth, since in the autopsy re- 
port they s< y it was encysted. We do not 
believe it was. But they ought to be con- 
sistent with their own reports. 
No, this defence, like that surgery, will 
never do. Surgery, in fact, that needs de- 
fending is not worth it. What would have 
happened if this case had fallen into (he 
hands of a good surgeon and there had been 
no intrigue and no manoeuvres to get pos- 
session of the case? Simply this:-Within 
half an hour of the time the wound was 
given the surgeon would have passed his 
little finger into the wound, and in the 
little fingt-r of a good surgeon there p.re more 
brains than in some other surgeon's heads. 
At that time the finger could have passed 
nowhere but in the course taken by the balL 
That would have given the direction and a 
probe would have followed, and the direction 
and extent of the wound and the probable 
whereabouts of the ball would have been 
immediately known. There would have 
been a safe basis for treatment. They 
might have taken out the ball or not, but 
they would have treated and drained and 
dressed the real wound, anti there would 
have been no pyaemia. If the ball was 
whole and smooth behind the pancreas it 
might be encysted there, but we have so 
little faith in the autopsy that we are not 
yet sure but that the ball split on the edge 
of the rib and one piece went downward 
toward the groin. Death was due to 
pyaemia and embolism, but if the wound 
bad been discovered and treated there 
would have been no pyaemia and the 
patient would have got well. He was get- 
ting well rapidly in the first two weeks and 
then certainly the ball had done all the in- 
jury of which it was capable, but then the 
pyaemia came. He would have got well 
from the first pyaemic trouble, but the sur- 
geons made it worse. Before their first 
operation the wound had drained itself, 
though inefficiently. They made an open- 
ing below the mouth of the wound in a false 
direction and then permitted the mouth of 
the wound to heal up and they thus made a 
sharp corner-a crotchet in the course of 
the wound. From that time the drainage 
was hopelessly ineffective. 
There has been nothing iu President Gar- 
field's case from first to last which the pub- 
lic was incapable of understanding, and 
there is nothing now which can be kept 
permanently concealed. It differs in re- 
spect to the people's rights from one in pri- 
vate practice. The patient was a public 
officer-the Chief Magistrate of a great 
nation, whose fifty million inhabitants 
have as complete a title to be trusted 
with full information and to pass con- 
clusive judgment concerning a surgical 
treatment the results of which were 
fraught with immense importance to 
their welfare as they have to be trusted 
with lull information and to pass final 
judgment on the management of all other 
public concerns. Nor is it only the public 
right that this discussion shall go on until 
a conclusive public decision is reached 
upon an unrestricted knowledge of the 
facts, but it is also due to the good reputa- 
tion of American surgery that the debate 
shall not be stifled. It is high time for 
the notion that the art of surgery 
is a "mystery" to be exploded. It 
is a delusion inherited from a mediaeval 
period when the occupations of barber and 
surgeon coincided. A barber's trade has j 
ceased to be a "mystery," and there is j 
little or no more reason for the continuance 
of an envelope of secrecy about the surgical 
profession. Surgeons who persist in keep- 
ing up .the delusion put themselves on a 
level with the venders of mysterious prepa- 
rations to renew the growth of hair on a 
scalp in which the roots are dead or to raise 
a beard in a week on the chin of a boy un- 
der puberty. 
ATTENDING SURGEONS PREPARING A EEPOET OF 
THE PRESIDENT'S CASE-WAR AMONG THE 
MEDICAL FRATERNITY THREATENED. 
[BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD.] 
Washington, Sept. 27, 1881. 
The resident surgeons who wore engaged in the 
late President's case spent much of the day at the 
Army Medical Museum, where they made ex- 
aminations of the lungs, kidneys, heart, and other 
.organs ot the President's body which were secured 
at the autopsy. Photographs were made of the sev- 
eral organs, from which colored plates are to bo 
made to illustrate the report which Dr. Woodward 
is preparing, in which the whole case will 
be treated. This report will be published 
among the regular publications of the Army 
Medical Museum, and the demand for it 
is likely to be so large that Congress will bo called 
upon to have an extra number printed. This report 
will make an entire volume and is intended more as 
a book for the surgeon's library than for general 
use. 
THE SPECIAL REPORT. 
Thf special report, in which the physicians will 
defend themselves from the various criticisms that 
have been made by the' physicians who were not in 
the case, will, of course, be much shorter. This 
will be ready by Friday. Both sides are now pre- 
paring their ammunition, and the forthcoming 
letter which is expected from Dr. Boynton will open 
the war, which will be carried on not only in the 
newspapers but in the various magazines and medi- 
cal publications. 
THE PRESIDENT'S TREATMEN T. 
RESULT OF THE EXPERT EXAMINATION OF THH 
INJURED VISCERA DR. SHRADY AND PROFES- 
SOR WEISS SUSTAIN THE ACTION OF DR. 
BLISS AND HIS COLLEAGUES. 
Dr. George F. Shrady and Professor Faneuil D. 
Weiss, who have, at request of Dr. Bliss, been en- 
gaged since Friday last at Washington in making a 
careful examination of specimens of the injured 
vlcera of the late President, returned to the city 
last evening. 
Dr. Weiss, who is professor of surgical anatomy 
in the medical department of the University of New 
York, was found last night at No. 258 Madison ave- 
nue, the residence of his friend. Dr. Satterlee. 
He at first expressed himself as disinclined 
to say much as to the result of his 
examination of the specimens at Washington, 
but finally consented to give some information 
as to the result of his labors in conjunction with 
Dr. Shrady. "Before you ask me any questions,'' 
said Dr. Weiss, "I would like to say something about 
Dr. Bliss. I never met him until I accompanied 
Dr. Shrady to Washington on Friday last 
to make an exhaustive examination of the 
specimens of the injured portions of the 
viscera of the late President. I never met 
a more charming man in my life, and I would cay 
right here that the result of my examination satis- 
fies mo past question or doubt that no professional 
man could have treated the case better than Dr. Bliss 
did." 
"What were the specimens that you have exam- 
ined?'' was asked. 
"They consisted of a portion of the vertebral col- 
umn that was injured and of the fractured nb, and 
portions, also, of the viscera in the neighborhood of 
the injured parts.- It was the first lumbar vertebra 
that was injured." 
"Was the spinal marrow injured?" 
"It was not. The ball entered at the right and 
issued at the left, passing right through the verte- 
bra, but without causing injury to the spinal mar- 
row." 
"Is there any truth in the statement that the ball 
was final.y discovered in the bottom of tho basin 
where a portion of the internal organs had been 
placed during the progress of the autopsy, and that 
consequently accurate information is lacking as to' 
the exact spot where it had tound a location?" 
"There is not a word of truth in such a state- 
ment. The ball was encysted and was enclosed in a 
complete sac." 
"Wh re was the bullet actually found?" 
"It was in its sac affixed to tho lower edge of the 
pancreas behind the peritoneum." 
"Do you think that any course of treatment other 
than that pursued could have saved tho lite of the 
President?" 
"I do not; and further I can say that, from the 
condition in which 1 found the bones of the verte- 
bral column, that had it been possible for the Presi- 
dent to survive be would have been a confirmed 
invalid, probably a paralytic, for tne remainder of 
his life." 
"Do you gather from your investigations that the 
President Buffered from pytemia?" 
"He never h d pyaemia, I am satisfied, and the 
course of the systematic symptoms do not warrant 
such an assumption." 
"From what cause, then, did the President die?" 
"From the effects of a compound comminuted 
fracture of tne rib and a comminuted compound 
fracture of the vertebra." 
•'What was the fatal effect that produced col- 
lapse?" 
"The bursting of the sac on tho splenic artery 
for caretui dissection showed that to be the vessel 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YOKK. ^^XESDAY^lfTEMBEB 28. 1881. 
Dr. Hamilton's Defence. 
Now that President Garfield has passed 
away and his career has become part of our 
history every fact related to that career pos- 
sesses historical interest, and the popular 
suspicion that his death was not a necessary 
consequence of the wound he received can- 
not be put aside, but will be discussed am- 
ply with the other issues the c$se presents. 
The endeavors in certain professional 
quarters to limit the discussion to those 
quarters and to build barriers against an 
inquisition of public opinion by suppress- 
ing or distorting facts are bound to fail. 
Indeed we may say that they have 'failed 
already. Dr. Boynton, who was at least a 
trusty friend of the patient and his family 
and a devoted attendant at his bedside, is 
said to be preparing a critical recital 
and review of the case, including 
the post-mortem examination. We will 
not enter into a discussion of the 
relations of the regular school of medical 
practitioners to that to which Dr. Boynton ' 
belongs. Allowing him only the credit of 
an intelligent and experienced nurse his 
contribution to the debate will secure re- 
spectful attention, and the public in con- 
sidering it will not fail to remember the 
superior fidelity to the truth which his pre- 
vious statements of fact have displayed by 
contrast with certain others. Besides this 
promised communication from Dr. Boynton, 
since we have had occasion to note the false, 
partial and unsatisfactory character of the 
bulletin that reported the results of the 
autopsy, there have already been several 
additions to the literature on this sub- 
ject. We print this morning interviews 
with Drs. Weiss and Shrady, who have just 
returned to this city after inspecting part 
of the remains of the autopsy and confer- 
ring with Dr. Bliss, whom the former re- 
gards ns a "charming man." One of them 
describes the cause of the President's death 
as "the breaking down of the sac formed 
on the splenic artery," and the other at- 
tributes it to "the effects of the comminuted 
compound fracture of the rib and the com- 
pound comminuted fracture of the 
vertebrae." They both deny that 
pyaemia had anything to" do with 
it. Dr. Hamilton, who was concerned 
in the case as a consulting surgeon, 
has written a defence of the treat- 
ment, which we printed yesterday; Dr. 
Bliss has contributed a vast and varied array 
of exuberant opinions, and Dr. Marion Sims 
is reported to have said that the wound was 
necessarily fatal. Dr. Sims, as a surgeon 
of great reputation and a man of genius, is 
an authority of value, but we doubt if he 
would maintain this opinion upon argu- 
ment. No irreparable injury was done, lor 
the wounding of a vertebral bone is not 
fatal, as the continued existence of many 
thousands of humpbacked persons may 
prove. Men live with the bodies of two or 
three of the vertebral bones gone. Why 
might not a man live with the body of one 
vertebral bone hurt? There was no other 
serious injury. Dr. Hamilton, under the 
influence, apparently, of this same notion, 
that if the death was really inevitable all 
the blunders were excused, argues on the 
impossibility of the extraction of the bullet. 
If a surgeon had proceeded to extract that 
bullet as Dr. Hamilton seems to imagine he 
might have done, the operation would very 
likely have been impossible. But he 
would not have been much of a sur- senteric arteries, it is well known that a sud- 
den shock to tins plexus, as a blow on the 
walls of the abdomen, will cause sudden vom- 
iting or even death. 
"The internal hemorrhage appeared from 
the symptoms to be very great. This indi- 
• cated that some large artery was cut. The 
wound was too high for the right renal artery, 
the lumbar and supra-renal arteries are not 
large. It would appear that one of 
the great abdominal arteries in front or 
to the left of the spine must have been in- 
jured. This might be either the splenic or 
the pancreatico duodenal branch of the su- 
perior mesenteric. 
"The theory was then prevalent that the 
liver had been penetrated. This did not seem 
to me to be likely. Having recently lectured 
on rl e lelations of the lungs and diaphragm 
to the liver, I was struck by the fact that or- 
dinary anatomical works are silent with re- 
gard to the relations of the liver to 
the spine and lower ribs posteriorly, 
and that, as there is seldom oc- 
casion to examine this part of the body, 
there is a tendency among physicians to take 
it for granted that the liver fills up the 
entire backspace below the lungs down to 
the lower border of the twelfth rib. That this 
is not the fact will be seen by a glance at the 
diagram below, which represents the true re- 
lations of the lung, liver and kidney on the 
right side posteriorly. 
that was ruptured aud not the meseric artery as 
was at first thought, and a big clot was found iu the 
peritoneal cavity dependent on the escape of blood, 
representing about a pint of the vital fluid. 'I 
would add,' sain Dr. Weiss in conclusion, 'that in my 
opinion the President's life was prolonged as long 
as it was only by the careful treatment of the case 
by his physicians." . 
FURTHER CONFIRMATION. 
Dr. George F. Hhrady was found at his residen'-e, 
No. 247 Lexington avenue, much fatigued by his 
journey from Washington. "1 do not feel at lib- 
erty," he said, "to make public at present the 
result of the examination made by Dr. 
Weiss and myself of the specimens of 
portions of the viscera of the late President. I was 
requested by Dr. Bliss to consider the case from a 
medical standpoint, guiaed by the full and particu- 
lar history of the treatment as related to 
me by him. I may say that I am of the opin- 
ion, from my own observation and from the 
very minute details afforded me by Dr. Bliss, 
from the moment of the shooting down to the hour 
ot dissolution that I have no words but those of 
the strongest approval for Dr. Bliss and his method 
ot handling the ca-e." 
"Have you any objection to state. Doctor," asked 
the reporter, "what was, in your opinion, the cause 
of death?" 
"The immediate cause of death was undoubtedly 
internal hemorrhage caused by the breaking down 
ot the sac formed oh the splenic artery." 
"How do you account for the wrong diagnosis of 
the case as regards the location ot the ball?" 
"I must decline to enter into that matter at pres- 
ent, but I can assute you that at the proper time Dr. 
Bliss will be prepared with a full statement clearing 
up all points iu the case that may at present appear 
a little puzzling." 
No more would Dr. Snrady say tor publication. 
He was scrupulously courteous but firmly obstinate. 
©je 1^1 
SEPTEMBER 28. 1881 
DR. BAKER'S DIAGNOSIS. 
THE COURSE OF THE BULLET TRICED 
ON THE FOURTH OF JULY. 
What Ought to Have Been Known by the 
Surgeons in Charge of the President 
Not Found Out Until Af- 
ter the Autopsy. 
The following is an abstract, or rather it 
contains the leading points, of an article pre- 
pared by Dr. Frank Baker, of the Medical 
Department of the Columbian University,and 
intended for publication in Dr. Ralph Walsh's 
Medical lletrospect, of this city. It is based 
upon a diagnosis of the President's case,made 
by Dr. Baker on the Fourth of July last, and 
is most remarkably corroborated by the au- 
topsy, made more than two months and a 
half afterwards. It traces the direction of the 
ball with great exactness, from the position 
of the President when shot and the ensuing 
symptoms of the wound,and goes far towards 
showing that had a prompt and proper diag- 
nosis been made in the first instance, fol- 
lowed by skillful treatment, the life of the 
President might have been saved: 
"It will be remembered that in the Presi- 
dent's case the symptoms during the first ten 
days indicated an injury to the spine. These 
symptoms were, a painful prickling sensation 
in both feet, there being absolutely no differ- 
ence in the two, and an alteration 
of sensation in the right side of the 
scrotum. There was no paralysis, but 
considerable pain in the back-'as if,' 
as the patient expressed it, 'his back 
was broken.' The maxim of the celebrated 
English surgeon Hilton is applicable to this 
case. He says: 'Superficial pains on both sides 
of the body which are symmetrical imply 
an origin or cause, the seat of which is cen- 
tral or bilateral; while unilateral pain implies 
a seat of origin which is one-sided, and, as a 
rule, exists on the same side of the body as 
the pain.' It is clear that this maxim may be 
also applied to symptoms of nervous disturb- 
ance other than pain. 
"In applying this to the President's case, it 
is observed that the pain in the feet was sym- 
metrical-its cause was therefore central. 
The nerves of sensation for the feet being de- 
rived from the great sciatic nerve, the sensa- 
tions denote a lesion (injury) of the spinal 
centre connected with that nerve. This cen- 
tre is established by Malgaigne and Seguin,as 
located opposite the body of the first lumbar 
vertebra. The sensations on the right 
side of the scrotum were not symmetrical but 
•unilateral; its origin must, therefore, be 
looked for on the same side of the body as 
the pain. The ilio inguinal nerve is dis- 
tributed to the cutaneous surface of the 
scrotum, and an injury to it at any point of 
its course would occasion the sensa- 
tions noted. On tracing it back from its dis- 
tiibution it is found to pass up behind the 
abdominal cavity across the quadratus lum- 
borum, and through the substance.of the 
psoas muscle, joining the spinal cord behind 
the body of the first lumbar vertebra. 
"The two symptoms above mentioned were 
so significant that on the morning of July 
4, two days after the President was shot, 1 
stated to several friends, among whom were 
Rear Admiral T. A. Jenkins, U. S. N.; Mr. 
A. B. Johnson, chief clerk of the light- 
house board, and, a day or two later, Com- 
mander George Dewey, United States avy, 
that the ball had probably entered the body 
of the first lumbar vertebra, inj uring the ilio- 
inguinal nerve and causing concussion of the 
spinal cord, but not cutting it. Other rea- 
sons were alleged in support of this view, as 
follows: 
,'The shock was immediate and very 
grave, so grave that the President fell in- 
stantly, as if paralyzed, which would indicate 
concussion of the cord. 
"He vomited immediately. This indicated 
a shock or injury to the solar plexus of the 
sympathetic system of nerves, which plexus 
is situated in front of the first lumbar verte- 
bra around the aorta and its great abdominal 
branches the coeliac axis and the superior me- 
WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 28, 1881. 
ttewixg ghastly uelics. 
Dr«. Welsac and Shriuly Makins; Up a Medical 
Article from Pont-mortem Diacoverlea. 
Drs. Faneuil D. Weisse and George F. 
Shrady returned to this city from Washington 
yesterday afternoon. They were called to Wash- 
ington by the invitation of Dr. Bliss, who de- 
sired Dr. Shradv to writo a review of the treat- 
ment of the late President from a purely surgi- 
cal standpoint. 
Dr. Shrady was seen by a reporter last even- 
ing at his residence in Lexington avenue. 
He said that nothing in the autopsy 
shows that the bullet caused death, as it 
was entirely encysted. The wonder is that the 
President lived so long. The fact of his living 
ns long as he did proves the great skill and 
sound judgment of tiie gentlemen who 
had him in charge. In regard to 
probing for the ball, the physicians 
acted with great wisdom. The autopsy shows 
that if they had probed beyond and to the left 
of the vertebral column they would have 
hurst the blood sack or aneurism formed on 
the splenic artery in the track of tho bullet, and 
the patient would in all probability have died 
on the operating table. It was the rupture of 
this aneurism which eventually caused the 
President's death." 
Dr. Weissp said last evening: "I found that 
the morbid specimens, which are now at the 
Army Medical Museum in Washington, were 
conclusive evidence of the original mortal 
character of the wound, and that it is only sur- 
prising that the President's life should have 
been prolonged as long as it was." 
"I w'ould like, in conclusion." continued Dr. 
Weiss, "to say a few words with reference to 
the published statement in regard to the ball 
being found in the basin in which the organs 
were placed after having been removed from 
tho body. It would seem from this that the ball 
was free, and lay so in the basin. In reality the 
ball was found encysted, attached to the point 
of original lodgment in relation with the pan- 
creas. The organs consequently had to bo re- 
moved before it could be got at." 
The portion of the liver below the 
lung is quite narrow, and lies well 
up under the arch of the diaphragm, 
conforming to it in shape. Its lower border ex- 
tends from the body of the tenth dorsal verte- 
bra, curving outwards and downwards to the 
upper edge of the twelfth rib. The posterior 
surface (called by Gray the posterior border), 
is quite narrow, being at its widest 
parr, which is well around under the axilla, 
only three inches wide. It would be quite 
possible for a ball to pass under this arch 
toward the spine without wounding either 
liver or kidney. 
"The external hemorrhage was not 
sufficient to account for ' the gravity 
of the symptoms. Had the liver been wounded 
it is hardly possible that this should have 
been the case. The veins of the liver being 
adherent to its tissue, remain patulous when 
cut across, and are not easily plugged by a 
clot, as are cut vessels of the same size else- 
where. It was not likely that blood could 
escape from the liver into the peritoneal 
cavity and so cause internal hemorrhage, as 
the liver is entirely covered by the diaphragm 
at the back, and, for the most part, not cov- 
ered by peritoneum. 
"It seemed impossible that a ball of 
the size used (calibre 44), tired from so 
short a range, should not have gone 
through the body had there been nothing to 
oppose it but a rib and a mass of liver tissue , 
of but little density. Iwas informed by a 
gentleman of experience with the pistol used | 
that he had with it frequently sent a ball 
through five or six inches of pine plank. The 
commission that afterwards tested the pistol 
arrived at results somewhat less than this, 
but still it was evident that the ball had great 
momentum. The large column of the spine 
seemed the only structure which could offer a 
resistance adequate to stop such a missile. 
"In order to ascertain whether the position 
of the I'resident at the time of the fatal shot 
was such as would show that the path 
of the ball was toward the spine, I 
visited, on July 4, the Baltimore and Potomac 
railway depot and questioned the employes 
there who had seen the shooting. The in- 
formation obtained was not as ' explicit as 
could be desired, but it seemed probable that 
the position of the parties was that shown in 
the diagram bJow. The President had 
passed the line of settees and turued to his 
right to reach the west door, when the shot 
was fired. He therefore presented his right i 
side to the assassin, who had advanced be- | 
hind him to within about ten feet. 
THE NATIONAL REPUBLICAN. 
WASHINGTON, D. C., SEPTEMBER 28, 1881. 
Dr. Boynton's Startling Statements. 
Cleveland, Sept. 17.-In an interview 
Dr. Boynton denies that he was censured by Drs. 
Agnew and Hamilton at Elberon for making 
statements at variance with their views of the 
President's case. He repeated his already pub- 
lished statement in regard to pyaemia and the 
lung trouble, and he was asked: " Did you state, 
as reported in a Chicago paper, that the ball was 
accidentally found loose and rattling around in the 
bottom of the bowl in which the intestines had 
been found?" and replied : "No, sir; I made no 
such statement. I may have stated in a private 
conversation, not expecting it to be made public, 
that when the contents of the abdominal cavity 
were removed and placed in a wash-bowl the 
ball was conveyed with them into the bowl, where 
it was afterwards discovered, after the failure to 
find it in the region of the pus cavity, which had 
been mistaken for the track of the ball." premature, it appears that if the track of the' 
ball had been recognized, the treatment would 
have been different in several particu'ars. 
The patient would not have been kept lying 
on his left side, in which position it was im- 
possible to drain the track, but on the right 
side, and a large, free opening would have 
been made for drainage. The wound of en- 
trance would not have been allowed to heal, 
thereby preventing the evacuation of pus and 
irritating matters. As the President lived 
eighty days under unfavorable conditions of 
treatment, it is questionable whether under 
improved conditions the irritating splinters 
might not have been discharged or encysted 
and his life saved." 
let them decide whether the President 
was sacrificed to ignorance or egotism or 
not. 
We have no unkind feelings towards 
Dr. Bliss. We certainly do not sympa- 
thise with the attacks upon him, if, as he 
alleges, they are baseless or inspired by I 
envy, and we cannot think of a better 
way to involve his enemies in confusion 
than to bury them under a verdict of 
disapproval by such a jury as we have 
hastily named. 
What does Dr. Bliss say to the propo- 
sition? 
* Fus. 2. 
^PR ESI DEIST 
entrance: 
How to Settle It. 
On the 4th day of July Dr. Baker, a 
physicians and lecturer connected with one 
of the leading medical colleges of the 
District, made a diagnosis of the presi- 
dent's case, showing the course and loca- 
tion of the ball, which autopsy proved to 
be practically correct. He was deterred 
from submitting it to the surgeons in 
charge upon learning the action of Dr. 
Bliss in excluding Dr. Baxter and 
Surgeon-General Wales from the case, 
and the general assurance that it would 
not be received. As a consequence the 
case was treated upon an erroneous diag- 
nosis and lost. 
It may sound harsh, but we honestly 
entertain and are constrained to give 
utterance to the opinion that if President 
Garfield had received proper surgical 
attention there is good ground for the be- 
lief that he would have recovered from 
the wound of which he died on the 19th 
of September, and that his recovery would 
have been rapid and unvarying. 
This opinion, we can assure Dr. 
Bliss, is entertained by a very 
large number of first-class physicians 
and surgeons, and bids fair to obtain a 
pretty general adoption unless fairly and 
definitely put at rest by competent au- 
thority. 
Involved in the case are two very seri- 
ous questions-one of ethics and one 
of practice. Both should be settled 
not by the newspapers, and cer- 
tainly not at the trial of the assas- 
sin, but by a jury of experts-of 
doctors of medicine and surgery capable 
of passing upon all the points of dispute. 
We therefore propose to Dr. Bliss that 
he unite with this journal in inviting 
twelve of the most distinguished surgeons 
of this District to take the whole case 
under review, including the questions of 
ethics and of practice, or rather of 
malpractice, and in order that we 
may start upon such a desira- 
ble consummation, The Post suggests 
the following names: Drs. Johnson 
Eliot, J. Ford Thompson, N. S. 
Lincoln, A. Y. P. Garnett, Samuel 
C. Busey, J. E. Morgan, P. J. Mur- 
phy, D. R. IIagner, J. O. Stanton, 
F. A. Ashford, J. C. Bayne and 
Charles M. Ford. These gentlemen 
are all prominent in their profession, and 
many of them eminent,and none of 
them, so far as we are informed, have had 
any connection with the case that vzould 
prejudice them against a fair trial and 
an honest finding. All of them belong to 
the Medical Association of the District 
and all of them are, so far as we kno w, 
kindly disposed towards Dr. Bliss. 
But if the distinguished surgeon de- 
clines to have his labors sat upon by 
merely local judges, let us go further and 
call in the most eminent of his profession 
in the United States. Let the case be 
thoroughly investigated by a jury com- 
posed of Dr. Marion Sims, Dr. Lewis 
A. Sayre, Dr. H. B. Sands, Dr. M. M. 
Fallen and Dr. Willard Parker, of 
New York; Dr. Stephen Smith of the 
National Board of Health; Drs. Gross, 
Ashurst and Hewson, of Philadelphia; 
Dr. Allan Smith, of Baltimore; Dr. 
Muzzey, of Cincinnati; Dr. J.S.Hodgen, 
of St. Louis, and Dr. II. J. Bigelow,of 
Boston, or gentlemen of equal ability; and 
"As the distinguished patient continued to 
survive without marked evidences of injury 
to either kidneys, liver, or intestines, I became 
more and more convinced of the truth of my 
diagnosis, and prepared for publication a 
diagram, a copy of which appears below. It 
represents a cross section of the human body 
at the first lumbar vertebra and below the 
pancreas. 
A-Eleventh rib. B-Twelfth rib. C-Pleural 
cavity. D-Diaphragm. E-Kidney. F-Psoas 
muscle. G-Spinal cord. H-Aorta surrounded 
by solar plexus. I-Venacava. K-Spleen. L- 
Quadratus lumborum. The dotted line represents 
the peritoneum. 
"This diagram was shown on the evening 
of July 7 last to Dr. D. W. Prentiss, Dr. 
Smith Townshend, and Dr. N. S. Lincoln, of 
this city. 
"In the original diagram the ball was rep- 
resented as lodged in the bodyof the vertebra. 
But it was distinctly stated to all these gen- 
tlemen that it had possibly passed beyond, 
and would be found in the tissues behind 
the peritoneum. 
"As Dr. Lincoln had been present at the 
examination ot the patient, his opinion was 
especially sought. lie assured me that there 
could be no reasonable doubt that trie liver 
had been penetrated, as Dr. Wales had insert- 
ed his finger and felt the liver tissue. As this 
seemed a positive tact, I felt that it was im- 
proper to urge views which were diametri- 
cally opposed to those of gentle nen of ac- 
knowledged skill and experience who had 
had an opportunity of examining the wound. 
Besides 1 wished to test the value of my anat- 
omical deductions on a cadave? and had no 
opportunity of doing so at that time. The 
experiments of Dr. Weisse, of New York, 
which were published shortly after, seemed to 
show that the bullet had been power- 
fully deflected by the rib and had 
taken a downward course among the muscles 
ot the back, cutting the ilio inguinal nerve as 
it lay on the quadratus lumborum, and injur- 
ing the sacral plexus. This course would 
partially account for the symptoms. 
"it is evident that the diagnosis made by 
me on July 4 was substantially correct. 
The path of the ball in Fig. 3 will be seen to 
be as follows: It splinters the eleventh rib, 
traverses the pleural cavity and tile dia- 
phragm, passes over the left border of the 
r>ght kidney, grazes the posterior surface of 
the liver, enters the psoas injuring the ilio- 
inguinal nerve, traverses the body of 
the vertebra in front of the spina 
cord, finally lodging behind the peritoneum 
near the stomach. For each particular lesion 
distinct symptoms were shown, which, had 
not the surgeons been led astray by an error, 
must have guided them to the course of the 
ball. The splintering of the rib was recog- 
nized, the penetration of the pleura and dia- I 
pbragm gave rise by diffuse inflammation to 
the trouble in the lower lobe of the right lung, 
the grazing of the liver caused the slight 
jaundice which for a day or two misled the 
surgeons, the injury to the ilio-inguinal nerve 
caused the sensations at its distribu- 
tion, the crushing of the vertebra caused con- 
cussion of the cord and the pains in the feet 
and back, the injury to the solar plexus 
caused the vomiting, the cutting of 
the artery the internal hemorrhage. 
The negative symptoms were also important. 
There was no decided jaundice, showing the 
liver was comparatively uninjured. Daily 
evacuations of urine and faeces showed the 
kidneys and intestines to be intact, there 
was no paralysis, as there would have been in 
case of decided injury to the cord or any 
great motor nerves. 
"Although any extended remarks on the 
treatment of the case, would be at this time PLATE 3. 
PLATE 1. 
PLATE 3. 
PLATE 4. 
PLATE 5. 
PLATE 6. 
THE BALL. 
>LATE 7 , of the splenic artery is 
given, the rupture being 
found where the shading 
occurs, about two and a 
half inches to the left of 
the spine. The elliptical 
shading enclosed in dotted lines figures the 
abscess not mentioned in the first report of the 
autopsy, and which eat into and destroyed the 
splenic artery, causing death by hemorrhage. 
The plate represents a front elevation. 
Plate 3 represents 
। e. transverse section of 
the body, looking to- 
wards the lower ex- 
i tremities, showing a 
. horizontal division of 
the abdominal viscera at 
a point parallel to a 
plane passing between 
the last dorsal and first 
lumbar vertebra. The 
liver, stomach,pancreas, 
kidneys and spleen are 
all shown in sections on 
the plane indicated. A 
indicates the point 
where the ball entered; 
B, the passage of the 
ball through the 
. eleventh rib; C, its per- 
' foration of the first lumbar vertebra, and D, its 
resting place under the pancreas. The line from 
A to D, therefore, describes the real track of the 
ball, as discovered at the autopsy. 
. ms 
Plate 4 shows a lateral view of a longi- 
tudinal section, cutting the internal organs from 
the anterior to the posterior walls of the trunk. 
The organs are named on the plate. A repre- 
sents the transverse section of the pancreas, and 
the round black spot below it and above the 
section of the duodenum indicates the position of 
the encysted ball. 
Plate 5 is a representation of the bowels and 
some of the organs in perspective-front eleva- 
tion. Its object is to show the position of the 
large abscess which is mentioned in the first re- 
port of the autopsy. It lies between the right 
lobe of the liver and the transverse colon. It is 
said to have been flat and roughly elliptical in 
shape, about six inches by four in extent later- 
ally. The irregular ellipse figured in dark lines 
on the plate, surrounded by a dotted line, shows 
the position of this abscess which the physicians 
declare not to be pyaemia. 
Plate6 represents uhe perforated vertebra now 
at the Medical Museum in Washington. The course 
of the bullet is shown by the irregular black spots 
on the anterior portion of the vertebra. The front 
wall was not broken off, but the ball made a 
। rough canal clear through the spongy bone from 
right to left. The vertebra next above the one 
perforated was split by the concussion, and the 
one next below is found to be diseased by the 
subsequent inflammation. 
Plate 7 represents an exterior view of the back. 
A is the point where the ball entered, A B the 
sinuous line supposed to be the track of the ball, 
afterwards found to be the burrowing of pus that 
settled in the sac B, in the right iliac fossa. The 
short, dark line at C shows the position of the 
first incision to evacuate the first pus sac, discov- 
ered July 24. The second incision was an exten- 
sion of the first, shown by the dotted lines carried 
out from F to D, forward and to the right, and 
also along the dotted line at right angles 
to the first, forming a junction with 
what was then supposed to be the track of the 
ball at E. The third incision, from F to E, was 
made at the same operation as the second, from 
F to D. This was the operation performed 
August 8. by Dr. Agnew, lasting an hour and a 
half, the patient being under the influence of 
ether. 
Plate 8 represents the bullet as it appears since 
its removal from the body. It was not ragged 
nor flattened except slightly on one side. 
dinerenoe. The Doctor then declared that the 
ball had injured the spine, and must have gone 
off to the left. The next day Surgeon- 
General Wales told him that he had 
examined the wound by turning the 
patient over and thrusting his little finger into 
the wound. Dr. Wales affirmed that the bullet 
had passed between the tenth and eleventh ribs, 
chipping a piece off one or both in its course. He 
affirmed positively that the course was a little to 
the right, downward and forward. This made 
Dr. Lincoln think that bis idea of its having 
passed through the spine might be wrong, since 
he could not question the positive statement of 
Dr. Wales. He therefore held that the bullet 
must have fallen down into the hypogastric 
plexus or some of the nerves near the spine to 
have caused the pain in both feet, and must have 
crossed to the left of where it entered at some 
time, or this result could not have been manifest. 
The Doctor remarked that the autopsy showed 
that he had been correct in believing the bullet 
had gone to the left instead of to the right. In 
fact, Secretary Blaine had told him since the 
President's death that Guiteau stood to one side 
and a little in front of the President when he 
fired, and that the course of the ball was just in 
line of where it might have been expected to go. 
The Doctor said it was shown that it had not been 
deflected at all, but had gone straight on in its 
course. 
In answer to a question as to the probable 
fatality of the shot had a correct diagnosis been 
made, Dr. Lincoln said that it did not appear 
that it should have been necessarily fatal, be-, 
cause none of the vital organs hail been per- 
forated. Still, the chances were, of course 
largely against recovery. In case of a spinal 
disease, frequently the anterior portions of the 
vertebrae become diseased, and several of them 
wasted away. It might have been possible for 
a man in health, like President Garfield, to have 
recovered from the destruction of the anterior 
portion of a single vertebra, provided a proper 
examination hail been made at first. No probe 
would have followed the course of the bal^ 
but it might have gone far enough to show that 
it had injured the spine, and then the proper 
treatment would have been clear, which would 
have been to stretch the patient on his back and 
not allowed any exertion to irritate the injured 
vertebra. The Doctor said he did not think the 
ball could have been removed w ithout death to 
the patient, but it was not necessary, 
as it did no harm after it once stopped. 
He had always contended that the doc. 
tors were following the pus cavity and not 
the course of the ball. The burrowing of 
the pus was from the vicinity of the mouth of 
the wound, and had nothing to do with the loca- 
tion of the ball. It was not certain how deep 
the cavity was, for the catheter used was of 
such a flexible nature that it might have rolled 
up in a pus pocket and the physicians supposed it 
was penetrating the track of what they took to 
be the ball. The report of the autopsy the 
Doctor thought to be very vague, and to a cer- 
tain extent the report was incomprehensible. 
The accompanying plates will be found abso 
lutely and anatomically correct and show the 
course of the bullet, the position of the abscesses, 
the ruptured artery and other points of interest 
in connection with the case. 
Plate 1 shows the muscular tissue of the ugnt 
iliac region, anterior view. The spine and the last 
three ribs are also shown and the right ileum 
Letter A indicates the point where the bullet en- 
tered; A H, the dotted line, the course of the 
bullet through the tissues, showing the crushed 
eleventh rib at D, the clipped twelfth rib, and 
finally the direction through the anterior portion 
of the first lumbar vertebra. 
On the same plate the line A C shows th< 
course burrowed by the pus, which was probes 
every day for weeks upon the supposition tha 
it was the track of the 
ball. C shows the pus 
sac that lay behind the 
psoas muscle and sup- 
posed to be the ball. 
The names of the parts 
figured will be observed 
on the plate. 
Plate 2 shows the 
pancreas. Th* bullet 
was found attached to 
to the lower edge of this 
organ, about four and a 
half inches to the left of 
the spine, as shown in 
the plate. The position 
theWtGwhio 
THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 29. 
THAT ASTOUNPING AUTOPSY. 
We give herewith authentic diagrams of the 
autopsy performed on the body of President 
Garfield, with adequate descriptions of the same, 
and important statements made with reference 
thereto by some of those most comnetent to 
speak on the subject Our diagrams have been 
prepared with great care by one of the surgeons 
present at the autopsy, and they may be relied 
upon as being thoroughly accurate. 
Special Correspondence of The Graphic. I 
Washington, September 27.-One of the 
physicians present at the autopsy said to-day 
that the first examination was very hurried be- 
cause it was necessary to get the report out 
that night, and a second examination was 
made. Ibis showed that it was not a 
mesenteric artery that was ruptured, but 
the splenic artery, about two and oue-haif 
inches to the lett of the spine. The bullet, he 
said, w as found attached 6o the lower surface of 
the pancreas, about four and one-half inches to 
the left of the spinal centre. It was true that the 
ball was found in the basin that contained the 
viscera, for the pancreas had been taken out with 
the re»t of the contents of the abdominal cavity. 
On the second examination another abscess was 
found, two or three inches each way in dimen- 
sions, hear the splenic artery, to the left of the 
spine. It was this that caused the rupture of the 
splenic artery and the hemorrhage that led to 
the sudden death of the patient. 
This gentleman said that there was no evidence 
of pyaemia revealed in the autopsy, unless it was 
some small abscess on the kidney. This had some 
appearance of a pysemic abscess, but it was the 
third organ in order of preference where it should 
have appeared. Pysemic abscesses showed them- 
selves first on the lungs, next the liver and third 
the kidneys ordinarily. On the lungs and liver of 
the patient there was no sign of an abscess. The 
large abscess found between the liver and trans- 
verse colon was not a pysemic abscess at all, being 
of a very different nature. 
The Doctor said that Dr. Boynton could not set 
himself up against the united statement of the 
other physicians present. The trouble was that 
Dr. Boynton did not recognize the parts when he 
saw them, and he would find that they had 
something to show that their position was cor- 
rect. 
It now appears that the doctors brought the 
viscera and three vertebrae and two ribs from 
Elberon to Washington, where the second 
autopsy has been made and the errors of th$ first 
discovered. These fragments of the dead 
President's body are understood to be at the 
Medical Museum, the viscera in alcohol and the 
bones going through a process of preparation. 
The doctors have been averse to giving any 
specific information about the autopsy, saying 
that they wished the publication to appear as 
official in the medical journals. They act like men 
who were nervous about their position and anxious 
to make their defence a strong one when it does 
appear, and have it go to the medical profession 
first. They admit, however, som o serious blun- 
ders in the first autopsy, such as ascribing death 
to a rupture of a mesenteric artery and the fail- 
ure to find a second large abscess near the point 
where the splenic artery was ruptured. It is 
admitted also that no complete examination was 
made of the interior of the intestines for pysemic 
abscesses or ulcers. It is admitted also that a 
long time was spent in searching the groin for 
the ball before it was accidentally found in the 
basin among the intestines. 
Dr. Bliss was seen by The Graphic correspon- 
dent to-day, and stated nothing new with refer- 
ence to th8 President's case, except as to the 
action of the bullet. He declared that the ball 
must have been turned completely on its axis 
when it struck the eleventh rib, and made its way 
through the vertebra but endforemost, because 
when found encysted its point was turned in 
exactly the opposite direction from its course. . 
Dr. N. S. Lincoln said to The Graphic corre- 
spondent that he saw the President when he was 
first shot, but he never examined the wound. The 
President told him that he was suffering pain in 
his feet. He inquired of the patient if it was 
both feet, and he said it was the 
same in both feet. He could distinguish no 
The readers of The Graphic will now re- 
all to mind the state- 
ments which we have 
published from time to 
time during President 
Garfield's illness, from 
such surgical and medi- 
cal authorities as Dr. 
Allen, of Chicago; Dr. 
Hammond, Dr. Detel's 
and others A careful 
collation of these state- examined, and the bullet track not fol- 
lowed until the missile was reached. The 
abdomen was first opened, and failing to find 
the bullet in the pus channel, between the abdom- 
inal muscles and the peritoneum, the stomach a nd 
intestines were removed and placed in a basin. 
Further search was made for the bullet in the 
body, and it was finally found encysted and 
among the intestines in the basin. 
"A ball entering the human body passes through 
tissues of various density, and consequently the 
lines of direction aro different. The more friable 
tissues yield to the missile traversing them, while 
the denser tissues will often deflect the ball more or 
less, dropping into the track of the ball, closing it 
against exploration. Thia presents one of the prom- 
inent difficulties in passing a probe." 
''Would it not nave been possible, had the location 
of the ball been correctly diagnosed, to have ex- 
tracted it within the first twenty-four hours after 
the shooting?" 
"No. There is no instrument known to the pro- 
fession that could have traced the track if we had 
known what that track was. The ball struck the 
rib, was deflected at right angles toward the body of 
the first lumbar vertebra and perforated it. If 
that course had been known and we had attempted 
to go in there by turning the probe the only way to 
have followed the track would have been to remove 
something like an inclrand a half out of the rib. 
Suppose that had been done and wo had got 
down to the point of impact in the verte- 
bra we should have thought perhaps it was 
lodged there, but we could not have gone further. 
That would have been a serious complication of the 
wound, and if such an operation had been performed 
he would not have lived one-third of the time ho 
did. I think it was fortunate for the country that 
the character of the wound was-obscure." 
"That is a significant expression. Doctor ?" 
"I know that. I said on that memorable night 
when he wns in a state of collapse that I felt 
1 great responsibility on behalf of the country, 
tside from the personal condition of the President, 
it was a very important matter that the President 
should be preserved, at least for a time, and every 
hour and day that was saved to him the country 
would beuetit by, as it would be bettor prepared for 
the shock that was imminent, and I put forth all 
my efforts to preserve his life as long as possible 
that the country might be benefited." 
EXTRACTION INEVITABLY FATAL. 
"I gather from what you say that in your judg- 
ment any attempt to extract the ball must have ter- 
minated fatally?" 
"Yes." 
"Did any of the doctors associated with you at 
any time give it as their opinion that an attempt 
ought to bomade to remove the ball?" 
"There never was a shade of difference of opinion 
among us as to the course to be pursued in the man- 
agement of the case in this or any particular. Of 
course, as you know, at times statements appeared 
that I had been outvoted, but no such tbhig ever 
happened." 
"Did the President at any time suffer trotn 
pyaemia?" 
"Not if I known what pymmia is. I cannot give a 
technical statement whien would bo understood 
and appreciated by the lay public. I will, however, 
say that what is recognized as septicaemia, simple 
pyaemia and metastatic pyaemia are all different 
grades of blood poisoning. In septicaemia of 
the simple variety the chauges in the 
organs are but alight, although they give rise to 
fever, and generally some disturbance of tho diges- 
tive apparatus. In simple pyvmmia the serous 
membranes become involved, such as those 
around the heart, lungs, intestines, and 
often the membranes lining the joints be- 
come inflamed and suppurate. In metastatic 
pywtnia, or the more formidable variety, there 
are metastatic abscesses-that is, abscesses that, 
change in.the locality of the sore to other parts of 
the body, appearing often in tho liver, lungs, 
kidneys and spleen. While I was constantly watch- 
ing for the most serious varieties of blood poison- 
ing, I failed to detect thorn, and the re- 
sults of the autopsy failed to demonstrate 
the existence of a single metastatic abscess 
in any of the organs named. There was a small ab- 
cess on the front surface of tho left kidney, which 
was just In the track of the ball, and in my opinion 
it was due to the injury. Again, the abcess was 
situated on the surface rather than in the substance 
Dl the organ, again indicating the absence of py- 
emia." 
"How about the parotid gland?" 
"The history of this inflammation was not such 
as accompanies a metastatic abscess. It progressed 
very slowly, and for tile first five days did not in 
any way disturb the system. Neither was there 
either pain or discomfort when it culminated in j 
suppuration. The discharge, too, was laudable or 
healthy pus, and tho cuts made healed readily, while 
the swelling as well its the suppurating surface 
healed quickly. This is not the history of metas- 
tatic abscesses, and the symptoms can be accounted 
for in another way. I do not, however, propose 
to discuss that here; but I think I have gone 
far enough to give you some reason for 
my conclusions. While I was constantly watching 
fortho evidences of these abscesses, neither the con- 
dition of tho temperature, pulse nor general system 
indicated the existence of confined pus." 
"I understand you to say then, that there were 
no metastatic abscesses?" 
"None whatever." 
"You looked for them at the autopsy?" 
"Why, of course. Had we found them the suspi- 
cious of others would have been confirmed, and I 
merits, made, as they 
necessarily were, with- 
out a thorough and per- 
sonal knowledge of the 
case, reviewed in the 
light of the amazing 
facts shown by the au- 
topsy, will be most inter- 
esting. And probably 
nothing more valuable 
as a comment on the 
foregoing statements 
could be given than the 
following remarks by 
Dr. Beckwith, one of 
the surgeons originally 
called in the President's 
case, and an intimate 
friend of Dr. Boynton, 
the President's cousin.> 
. He says: 
Soon after the Presi- 
dent was shot 1 visited 
him at the Presidential 
Mansion, and found him 
lying upon his back.. । 
inclining to the right side. He was 
exceedingly pale and very weak, and 
remarked that "he feared he had received 
his death wound." I examined him and found a 
large amount of blood in the bed, and also in his 
clothing, which had not been removed. I found 
a gunshot wound about two inches from the 
centre of the upper lumbar vertebra, upon the 
right side, on pushing my linger into the wound, 
and discovered the eleventh rib broken on its 
under surface, and was able to trace the track of 
the bullet in the direction of the right inferior 
border of the liver. Considerable clotted blood 
was in the wound. I then asked: "Have you 
no surgeons?" He answered: "Aes, about 
forty. They are in the other room. Go 
and see them." 1 entered the room, as 
directed, and found the surgeon-generals 
of the army and navy, also a large number of 
the prominent physicians of the city, in consul- 
tation. From this hour (half-past ten) until 
afternoon nothing was done but to wait for a 
reaction. He then received a large hypodermic 
injection of morphia and atropine, tor the pur- 
pose of relieving the pain in the ankles and feet. 
About three P. M. his clothes were removed, 
a similar injection given, and his indi- 
cations clearly showed that he was suffering 
from internal hemorrhage. A firm enlarge- 
ment was detected in the right hypochondrias 
region, impinging into the epigastric. It was the 
united opinion of all in attendance that this 
enlargement was a blood-clot. About foui 
o'clock p. M. Surgeon-General Wales, by and 
with the advice of all in consultation, examined 
the wound, detected the fractured rib, traced the 
course of the bullet to the inferior border of the 
liver, and thought it passed through the lower 
portion of the liver. His face became more 
blanched, voice feeble, pulse wea,k and 
frequent, and all believed he would soon 
die. The apparent blood-clot increased m 
size and prominence, and not until seven p. M . 
when Mrs. Garfield reached bis side, was there 
any evidence of improvement. From then until 
half-past eight I have no personal know ledge < >1 
the case. At that hour 1 returned, found f be 
pulse less frequent and stronger, his color 
slightly returning. He remarked to me : " he 
doctors say the bleeding has ceased, but how 
can I ever get rid of this blood-clot . i re 
plied: "This can be removed," and at one. 
went into the consulting;room and requested 
that no more morphia be given, but if narcotics 
were required, use solid opium, with carbonatt 
of ammonia. I also requested that tne blood 
coagula be removed by an inspirator. Here my 
surgical interference began and ended, end H 
anvone asks why he did not employ homoeopathic 
KXy ^wer is. the 
for it and no one that night neneveu ue 
b"o«l elo"pWB«d up the op^ 
• ahnni- ninA 1 saw him. He was strongei 
U,™ Min i" the ankles and feet lees, the abdom, 
£3dKb£^XtTthf^ 
S Kg" 1° My Sniff X 
IS"treatment without.an 
and endnently proper ^u^sbew^ 
"" 
ability. And now comes the saddest comment 
of all upon American surgery. The official 
description of the autopsy, measured by the 
facts as given to me by those who observed tin 
examination, affords conclusive evidence ol 
an error. The wound was not first 
NEW YOB K HERALD 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
MOPR I11T0R. 
"new YOKkTtHURSD SEPTEMBER 
DK. BLISS SPEAKS. 
He Defends the Course of Treatment 
in the President's Case. 
THE WOUND MORTAL. 
A Diagnosis According to Which the Patient 
Should Have Recovered. 
"LONG-TAW" DOCTORS. 
Dr. Bliss arrived at Jersey City yesterday after- 
noon from Washington. His object In visiting New 
York was to confer with Dr. Shrady upon the sub- 
ject of the medical history of the case of 
the late President which Dr. Bliss has prepared for 
publication in tho Medical liecord. Dr. Shrady, as- 
sisted by Professor Weiss, at Dr. Bliss' request 
made a careful examination of the specimens of tho 
injured viscera, journeying to Washington with that 
object in view on Friday last, returning to the city 
on Monday. A reporter of the Hkiuld called on 
Dr. Bliss last night at the Grand Central Hotel, 
where he had registered early in the evening. 
The Doctor was found lying on the bed in his 
ihirt sleeves smoking a cigar. He looked' thor- 
oughly worn out, and the big dark rings under his 
eyes spoke eloquently of the fatigue and anxiety he 
had undergone during the past ten weeks. 
"I have made up my mind not to talk to re- 
porters any more on the President's case," said Dr. 
Bliss, as he helped himself to a huge draught of ice 
water. 
"But you will make an exception in fAo case of 
the Hkiuld," persisted the reporter. 
"Well, I suppose I must," was the reply. "What 
Ban I do for you?" 
THE DOCTOR'S STATEMENT. 
"What is your object In visiting New York, Doc- 
tor?" was the first question asked. 
"My object is to confer with Dr. Shrady on tho 
President's case with a view to its presentation to the 
medical profession in the Medical liecord. 1 have felt 
tor some days that the people at large bad a right 
to ask for the fullest possible details of the whole 
of the treatment in the case. That information in 
the most complete form will, it is true, be afforded 
in tho history of the case which will be issued as 
soon as Drs. Woodward and Lamb have com- 
pleted it, but this will be very voluminous, 
and it will be fully two months before it 
can be published. I feel that tho people 
are not unnaturally impatient for the fullest details 
at the earliest possible moment, and hence 1 decided 
to write a clear and comprehensive history of the 
case from the day of the assassination up to the 
hour cf dissolution." 
"Is thia to be a record of the case written entirely 
by yourself. Doctor?" 
"Weil, yes; but at tho same time Dr. Shrady is 
writing a review from a professional standpoint 
which will appear at the same time, as I am anx- 
ious to have the public read an opinion from an au- 
thoritative source. Let mo tell you that I invited 
Dr. Shrady aud Dr. Weiss to Washington to 
examine all the points and study tho pathology of 
the case from the specimens, as they have studied 
tl»e case more thoroughly than any that I know of 
outside of the consulting room. We always watched 
for the Medical Record and the HruLD, and there 
was always a struggle for these two papers 
J when they were brought Into tho consulting room. 
All the doctors engaged liked to see what Shrady had 
to say about the case, so I thought he was the best 
man to view the case for tho public from a medical 
Standpoint." 
"How was it. Doctor, that the ball took a course 
bo different trom that which you suspected?" must have been convinced that my diagnosis witll 
regard to pyaemia was erroneous. " 
"Have you read the various interviews with dis- 
tinguished surgeons who were diametrically op- 
posed to your mode of treating the case?1' 
"Oh, yes; I saw many of them and I felt that 
these gentlemen were injuring their reputation 
more than they were hurting mine. I have yet to 
learn how a surgeon a hundred miles away from a 
patient can know more about the case than the man 
at the bedside. It has alwaj'a seemed very strange 
to me, with all deference to these gentlemen, 
who have so kindly offered me advice through the 
newspapers, that my council were in harmony with 
me on all questions in the case. Further, I believe 
that had any of these distinguished 'longtaw' doc- 
tors been called in consultation they would have 
fully concurred in the diagnosis and treatment," 
RECOVERY INDICATED BY TBit DIAONOSIS. 
"Had you at any period of the case a strong hope 
of the President's recovery ?" • 
"Yes. As the case was diagnosed he should 
have recovered. I believed in that diagnosis up to 
near the time of his death. Ninety-nine 
cases out of a hundred injured as we 
supposed him to have been should recover. 
If I had comprehended fully the nature of the in- 
juries I should at no period of the case have haj the 
slightest hope of his recovery, for the wounds were 
mortal, and under such circumstances I should 
have told his family that he could not 
survive. When the reaction was complete 
on Sunday morning, July 3, the President, 
laying his hand on my arm, calmly ask«i me what I 
thought professionally of his case. I said it was 
impossible for us to determine the exact course of 
the ball, adding that I thought it had penetrated the 
liver. I told him that many persons whose liver 
had been injured had recovered, and one under my 
own treatment. 'Consequently,' said I to him 
'there is one chance for you.' His reply has become 
historical, 'Well, Doctor, we will take that one 
chance,' Now, from the progress of the case 
during the succeeding ten days every evi- 
dence was in favor of recovery as regards the 
performance of all the important functions of the 
body. This assured us that none of the important 
organs had been involved in the injuries. Ono fact 
is of importance here to note, that the condition of 
the President during the period of collapse was 
such as to assure us that any severe 
handling, probing or exploration of the wound 
would have produced fatal results. Then, whea the 
reaction came on, wo were convinced that such 
handling would have produced some of the evils we 
were trying to avoid.'* 
"What was the President's behavior, as a patient, 
throughout the case." • 
"It was simply remarkable. He was the most he- 
roic patient 1 ever attended. He was patient and 
never complained during the entire eighty days; 
never flinched under the knife; was alwayssubmis- 
sive to whatever we deemed necessary, and ac- 
quiesced in our treatment without question or-ar- 
gument." 
"Was he unconscious any considerable portion of 
the time?" 
"No. Sometimes in his waking moments he 
would appear somewhat dazed, but he was readily 
recalled to consciousness ou being spoken to." . 
"Did ho often talk or express a desire to con- 
verse on national affairs?" 
"Not often, as he was a very sick man and knew 
it, but occasionally be would express his anxiety to 
know how the affa.rs of the country wero progress- 
ing." 
"Did he ever complain of pain in the back?" 
"He never did, and that was a very singular fea- 
ture in the case." 
"Now," said Dr. Bliss, rising and extending his 
hand, "I have talked to you a great deal more than I 
ever intended to talk to a newspaper man while I 
was here. I should think that 1 had done more 
talking within the lost few weeks with the gentle- 
men of the press than any man in the country. 
Good by," and Dr. Bliss, stiU chatting as he walked, 
strolled briskly down stairs, and, stepping into a 
coupe that was in waiting, ordered the coachman to 
drive to Dr. Shrady's, and in a moment the late 
President's physician was whirled off round the 
corner of Thirty-first street. 
\ 
Bicians Admits That the Ball Was 
Discovered by Accident. 
New Yoke, September 28.-The Daily I 
Graphic to-morrow will publish diagrams of 
the autopsy performed on the body of Presi- 
dent Garfield, with adequate descriptions of 
the same, prepared by those present at the 
autopsy, also the following; 
Washington, September 27.-One of the physi- 
cians present at the autopsy said to-day that tne 
first examination was very hurried, because it was 
necessary to get a report that night, and after- 
wards a second examination was made. This 
showed that it was not the mesenteric artery that 
was ruptured, but the splenic artery, about two 
and one-half inches to the left of the spine. The 
bullet, he said, was found attached to the lower 
surface of the pancreas, about four and one half 
inches to the left of the spinal centre. It was true 
that the ball was found in the basin that con- 
tained the viscera, for the pancreas had been 
taken out with the rest of the contents 
of the abdominal cavity. On second ex- 
amination another abscess was found two 
or three inches each way in dimensions, near 
the splenic artery and to the left of the spine. It 
was this that caused the rupture of the splenic 
artery, and the hemorrhage that led to the sudden 
death of the patient. This gentleman said no evi- 
dence of pyemia was revealed in the autopsy, un- 
less it was some small abscess on the kidneys. 
This had some appearance of a pyemic abscess, 
but it was the third organ in order of prefer- 
ence where it should have appeared. The doctor 
said Dr. Boynton could not set himself up against 
the united state ment of the other physicians pres- 
ent. The trouble was, Dr. Boynton did not recog- 
nize the parts when he saw them, and he would 
find that they had something to show that their 
position was correct. 
It now appears that the doctors brought the 
viscera and three vertebrae and two ribs 
from Elberon to Washington, where a second au. 
topsy has been made and the errors of the first 
discovered. These fragments of the dead Presi- 
dent's body are understood to be at the Medical 
Museum, the viscera in alcohol and the bones 
going through the process of preparation. The 
doctors admit, however, some serious blunders in 
the first autopsy, such as ascribing the death to 
rupture of the mesenteric artery and the failure 
to find the second large abscess near the point 
where the splenic artery was ruptured; also that 
no complete examination was made of the interior 
of the intestines for pyemic abscesses or ulcers, 
also that a long tun*1 was spent in searching the 
groin for the ball, before it was accidentally 
found in the basin among the intestines. 
©Ip Wa«!)tngtuH |Jost. 
SEPTEMBER 29. 1881 
MORE LIGHT ON THE CASE 
THE BLENDERS OF THE FIRST AC- 
TOPSY CLEARLY PROVEN. 
What a Second Examination of the Viscera 
Revealed-One of the Attending Phy- ®lje Uteljington (Jed. 
SEPTEMBER 30. 1881. 
DR. BMSb'S REPORT. 
What It Embodies-Other Papers Re- 
gardiug President Warfield's Vase. 
New York, September 29 -Dr. Bliss and 
Dr. Shiady were to day busily engaged at the 
latter's residence, No. 247 Lexington avenue, 
in connection with Dr. B^s's report of the 
autopsy in the case of President Garfield. 
The report of Dr. Bliss is completed, but will 
be carefully revised before it is given publicity. 
Dr. Shiady, in conversation with a reporter, 
said: "We have telegraphed to Dr. Wood- 
ward, secretary of the counsel of physicians 
in the President's case, at Washington, for the 
official report of the autopsy, which will be 
embodied with Dr. Bliss's report. The latter 
will be most complete, and will explain, even 
to the most minute details, Dr. Bliss's conduct 
of the case from beginning to end, and the 
reason tor every surgical act or direction of 
his. As the report is not addressed to the 
general public, it will be given publicity in 
the medical journals. In fact, the report has 
been specially prepared for these journals. 
There will be, in addition to this report of Dr. 
Bliss's, a large volume prepared by Dr. 
Woodward in reference to the case. This 
will be ready in about three weeks. It will 
contain drawings of all the appearances in the 
case at its various stages, including the spi- 
nal column, the position of the bad, etc. NEW YORK HERALD 
"Fifth-That wherever pus accumulations had 
taken pb-e they were properly opened by free in- 
cisions made at the most dependent portions. 
"Sixth-That these incisions drained not only the 
course of the abscess, but communicated freely 
with that portion of the spine which had been pene' 
trated, and, therefore, with the track of the ball, 
and the completeness of the drainage is shown by 
the absence of pus accumulations either in the 
locality traversed by the ball or in the iliac or lum- 
bar regions. 
"Seventh-That the damage done to the cancellated 
tissue of the lumbar vertebra was sufficient in 
Itself to explain the septic state of the system, 
which in time, and independent of the ball-which 
proves to have become harmless-would have de- 
stroyed the life of the patient. 
"If it be thought that these conclusions need to be 
substantiated by a more detailed acquaintance with 
the surgical history of the case it may be said that 
such a history giving minutely all the particulars of 
symptoms and treatment is now in process of rapid 
preparation, and in our opinion will serve to con- 
firm and strengthen the above assertions. 
"Of the sympathy ot the nation and of the civil- 
ized world with the distinguished victim; of the 
universal respect and affection called forth by his 
quiet, patient endurance of his^suflerings- of 
the admiration excited by the persistent, 
almost heroic, struggle which he sustained 
against overwhelming odds; of his watch- 
ful and tender nursing, of the thoughtfulness 
which anticipated every want, and ot the ingenuity 
which devised new appliances for his comfort or his 
transportation, enough has been written in well 
deserved commendation. 
"But tor the men who took the crushing responsi- 
bility ot his case, who spared neither time nor labor 
nor hea.th in its conduct, who remained prudent 
and far-seeing and self-reliant under an electric 
light of criticism such as has been directed upon no 
other physicians ip the history of the world, and 
who have, in our opinion, reflected credit upon the 
profession and upheld the reputation of American 
surgery, there has been written scarcely a word of 
praise, but oftentimes columns of unmerited cen- 
sure." 
THE OFFICIAL REPORT. 
The following is the official report: - 
Record of the Post-Mortem Examination of the 
Body of President James A. Garfield, Made 
September 20, 1881, Commencing at Half-fast 
Four P. M., Eighteen Hours after Death, ax 
Ibancklyn cottage, Elberon, N. J. 
Present and assisting. Dr. D. W. Bliss, Surgeon 
General J. K. Barnes, United States Army; Surgeon 
J.. J. Woodward, United States Army; Dr. Robert 
Heyburn, Dr. Prank H. Hamilton, Dr. D. Hayes 
Agnew; Dr. Andrew H. Smith, of Elberon (and New 
York), and Acting As.-istant Surgeon D. S. Lamb, of 
the Army Medical Museum, Washington. 
Before commencing the examination a consulta- 
tion was he,d by these physicians in a room adjoin- 
ing that in which the body lay, and it was unani- 
mously agreed that the dissection should be made 
by Dr. Lamb aud that Surgeon Woodward should 
record the observations made. It was lurther unan- 
imously agreed that ihe cranium should not be 
opened. Surgeon Woodward then proposed that the 
examination should be conducted as follows:-That 
the body should be viewed externally and 
any morbid appearances existing recorded. That a 
catheter should then be passed into the wound, as 
was dona during life, to wash it out, for the purnose 
of assisting to find the position of the bullet; that a 
long incision should next be made from the superior 
extremity of the sternum (breastbone) to the pubis 
and this crossed by a transverse one just belo w the 
umbillicus. That the abdominal flaps thus made 
should theu be turned back and the abdominal 
viscera examined. That after the abdominal cavity 
was opened the position of the bullet should be as- 
certained if possible before making any further in- 
cision, and that finally the thoracic viscera should 
be examined. This order of procedure was unani- 
mously agreed to. 
examining the body. 
The examination was then proceeded with and the 
foliowling external appearances were observed: 
The body was considerably emaciated, but the face 
was much less wasted than the limbs. A preserva- 
tion fluid had been injected by the embalmer a few 
hours before into the left femoral artery; the pipes 
used tor the purpose were still in position. The 
anterior surface of the body presented no abnormal 
appearances, and there was no ecchymosis or other 
discoloration 01 any part of the front of the abdomen. 
i ust belo w the right ear and a little behind it there was | 
i oval, ulcerated opening, about half an inch in 
ameter, from which some iancous pus was es- 
l iug, but no tumefaction could be observed in 
' <• paroted region. A considerable number of pur- 
pura like spots were scattered thickly over the left 
scapula, and thence forward as far as the axilla. 
They ranged from one-eighth to one-fourth ot an 
inch in diameter, were slightly elevated and . urfur- 
aceous on the surface, and many of them were con- 
fluent in groups of two to tour or more. A similar 
but much less abundant eruption was observed 
sparsely scattered over the corresponding region on 
the right side. 
the spine and back. 
An oval excavated ulcer about an inch long, the re- 
sult of a small carbuncle, was seated over the spine- 
ous process ot the tenth dorsal vertebra. Over the 
sacrum there were four small bed sores, the largest 
about halt an inch in diameter. A few acne pustules 
and a number of irregular spots of post mortem hy- 
postatic congestion were scattered over the shoul- 
ders, back and buttocks. The inferior part of the 
scrotum was mucn discolored by hypostatic conges- 
tion. A group of hemorrhoidal tumors rather 
larger than a walnut protruded from the anus. 
ALONG THE BALL TRACK. 
The depressed cicatrix of the wound made by the 
pistol bullet was recognized over the tenth intercos- 
tal space, three aud a bait inches to the right of the 
vertebral spines. A deep linear incision (made in 
part by the operation of July 24, and extended by 
that of August 8) occupied a position closely corre- 
sponding to the upper border of the right twelfth 
rib. It commenced posteriorly about two inches 
from the vertebral spines aud extended forward 
i little more than three inches. At the anterior 
extremi - of this incision there was a deep, nearly 
square, -.iraidcd surface about an inch across. A 
well oiled, flexible catheter, fourteen inches long, 
was then passed into this wound, as had been done 
to wash it out during life. More resistance was at 
first encountered than had usually been the case, 
but after several trials the catheter entered, with- 
out any violence, to its lull length. It was then left 
in position and the body disposed supinely lor the 
examination of the viscera. 
DISCOVERY OF SECONDARY HEMORRHAGE. 
The cranium was not opened. A long incision 
was made from the superior extremity of the 
sternum to the pubis, followed by a transvc; i in- 
cision crossing the abdomem just'below the umbill- 
icus. The four flaps thus tormed were turned back 
and the abdominal viscera exposed. The sub- 
cutaneous adipose tissue, divided by the incisions, 
was little more than one-eighth of an inch thick 
over the thorax, but was thicker over the abdo- 
men, being about a quarter of an inch, 
thick along the linea alba, and as much 
as half an inch thick toward the 
outer extremity of the transverse incision. On in- 
spection of the abdominal viscera in situ the trans- 
verse colon was observed to lie a little above the 
line of the umblllicus. It was firmly adherent to 
the anterior edge ot the liver. The greater omentum 
covered the intestines pretty thoroughly, from the 
transverse colon almost to the pubis. It was still 
quite fat and was very much blackened by venous 
congestion. On both sides its lateral margins were 
adherent to the abdominal parietes, opposite the 
eleventh and twelfth ribs. On the left side the ad- 
hesions were numerous, firm, well organized, and, 
probably, old. (A foot note here says:-"These 
adhesions and the firm ones on the right side as well 
as those of the spleen possibly date back to an attack 
of chronic dysentery from which tho patient is said ■ 
to have suffered during tho civil war. On the right ' 
side there were a few similar adhesions and a num- 
ber ot more delicate and probably recent ones. A 
mass of black coagulated blood covered and concealed 
the spleen and the left margin of the greater omen- 
tum. On raising the omentum it was found that 
this blood mass extended through the left lumbar 
and iliac regions and dipped down into the 
pelvis, in whi; h there was some clotted blood and 
rather more than a pint of bloody fluid. (A foot 
note here says a large part of this fluid had proba- 
bly transuded from the injecting material of the 
embalmer.) The blood coagula bavins been turned 
out and collected measured very nearly a pint. It 
was now evident that secondary hemorrhage had 
been the immediate cause of death, but the point 
from which the blood had escaped was not at once 
apparent. The omentum was not adherent to the 
intestines, which were moderately distended with 
gas. No intestinal adhesions were found other than 
those between the transverse colon and the liver, 
already mentioned. 
AN ABSCESS UNDER THE LIVER. 
The abdominal cavity being now washed out as 
thoroughly as possible a fruitless attempt was made 
to obtain some indication of tho position of the bul- 
let bi fore making any further incision, By push- 
ing the intestines aside the extremity of the cathe- 
ter, which hud b -en passed into the wound, could 
be telt between the peritoneum and the right iliac 
fascia, but it had evidently doubled upon itself, and, 
though a prolonged search was made, nothing 
could be seen or felt to indicate the presence 
of the bullet either in that region or else- 
where. The abdominal viscera were then carefully 
removed from the bodv, placed in suitable 
vessels, and examined seriatim, with the following 
result:-The adhesions between the liver and the 
transverse colon proved to bound an abscess cavity 
between the under surface ot the liver, the trans- 
verse colon and the transverse meso colon, which 
involved the gall bladder and extended to about the 
same distance on each side of it, measuring six 
inches transversely and four inches from before 
backward. This cavity was lined by a thick 
pyogenic membrane which completely replaced the 
capsule of that part of the under surface of the liver 
occupied by the abscess. It contained about two 
ounces of greenish yeliow fluid-a mixture of pus 
and biliary matter. This abscess did not 
involve any portion of the substance of the liver 
except the surface with which it was in contact and 
no communication could be detected between it 
and any part of the wound. Some recent peritoneal 
adhesions existed between the upper surface of the 
right lobe ot the liver and the diaphragm. The 
liver was larger than normal, weighing eighty-four 
ounces, its substance was firm but of a pale yellow- 
ish color on its surface and throughout the interior 
of the organ from fatty degeneration. No evidence 
that it had been penetrated oy the bullet could be 
found, nor were there any abcesses or infarctions in 
any part of its tissue. 
THE SPLEEN, STOMACH AND KIDNEYS. 
The spleen was connected to the diaphragm by 
firm, probably old peritoneal adhesions. There 
were several rather deep congenital fissures in its 
margins, giving it a lobulated appearance. It was 
abnormally large, weighing eighteen ounces, ot a 
very dark, lake red color, both on the surface and 
on section. Its parenchyma was soft and flabby, 
but contained no abscesses or infarctions. 
There were some recent peritoneal adhesions be- 
tween the posterior wall of the stomach and the 
posterior abdominal parieties. With this exception 
no abnormities were discovered in the stomach or 
intestines, nor were any other evidences of general 
or local peritonitis found besides those already 
specified. The right kidney weighed six ounces, 
the le; t kidney seven. Just beneath the capsule of 
the left kidney, at about the middle of its convex 
border, there was a little abscess one-third ot an 
inch in diameter; there were three small serous 
cysts on the convex border of the right kidney, just 
beneath its capsule. In other respects the tissue of 
both kidneys was normal in appe-irance and iu tex- 
ture. The urinary bladder was empty. 
THE BULLET TRACED. 
Behind the right kidney, after the removal of that 
organ from the body, the dilated track of the bullet 
was dissected iuto. It was found that the point at 
which it had fractured the right eleventh rib (three 
inches and a half to the right of tho vertebral spins) 
the missile had gone to the left obliquely forward, 
passing through the body of the first lumbar verte- 
bra and lodging in the adipose connective tissue im- 
mediately below the lower border of the pan- 
creas, about two inches and a half to 
the left of the spinal column and behind 
the peritoneum. It had become completely 
encysted. The track of the bullet between the 
point at which it had fractured the eleventh rib and 
that at which it entered the first lumbar vertebra 
was considerably dilati d and the pus had burrowed 
downward through the adipose tissue behind the 
right kidney and thence hail found its way between 
the peritoneum and the right iliac fascia,'making a 
descending channel which extended almost to the 
groin. The adipose tissue behind the kidney 
in the vicinity of the descending channel was 
much thickened and condensed by inflammation. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK, SUNBAY. OCTOBER 2. 1881. 
THE FATAL BULLET. 
Official Report of the Autopsy Upon 
General Garfield's Body. 
ORIGIN OF THE HEMORRHAGE. 
A Rent in the Splenic Artery Nearly Four- 
tenths of an Inch Long. 
COURSE OF THE BALL. 
Crushing the First Lumbar Vertebra- 
Cause of the Blood Poisoning. 
Philadelphia, Oct. 1, 1881. 
At length wo have the official record of the 
tutopsy upon the late President Garfield's body. 
On Monday it will appear in the current number of 
the American Journal of Medical Science. How far it 
will satisfy the country cannot, of course, before- 
told. The absence of the names ot Drs. Agnew, 
Hamilton and Smith from the document was 
owing to their inability to attend and sign 
die original draft, but it is stated they 
Cully concur, in writing, with the report. 
The American Journal will say, editorially:- 
"The official report will, wo trust, while satistying 
the legitimate curiosity of the profession and of the 
laity at the same time effectually and permanently 
quiet the unfriendly criticism of the surgical treat- 
ment of the case in which part of the daily press has 
bo freely indulged, and from which, we regret to 
observe, some medical journals without full knowl- 
edge of the case have not thought proper to abstain. 
The discoveries of the autopsy, taken in conjunction 
with what is known of the clinical history, will 
at once make apparent to the profession the good 
common sense, admirable conservatism and sound 
surgical judgment which have characterized the 
management of the case from first to last, and, al- 
though the non-medical mind may be slower to 
comprehend the questions at issue, it will not be 
long before the same conviction forces itself upon 
the people at large. We know now beyond the pos- 
sibility of doubt that no human skill could 
have averted the fatal result, but we find, 
moreover, that, even in the searching light 
of the careful and thorough post-mortem 
examination, it is difficult, if not impos- 
sible, to suggest any modification ot the treatment, 
even in minor points, which would have made it 
better adapted to the exigencies of the case. It 
seems not improper to say that weeks ago, when 
the daily press was filled with fictitious accounts of 
the exact situation of the ball and of certain imagi- 
nary movements which it had made. Dr. Agnew, 
■who. doubtless, in this as in other matters, repre- 
sented accurately the sentiment of the surgical 
staff, assured us that he did not know the position 
of the ball and knew of no safe means of deter- 
mining it. 
"from this general consideration of the history 
of the case, viewed in the light thrown upon it by 
the details of the autopsy, we may safely con- 
clude:- 
"First-That the treatment at the time of the re- 
ception of the injury and immediately subsequent 
to it was that rendered proper by the condition of 
collapse which then existed. 
"Second-That on reaction taking place a suffi- 
ciently thorough and caretui examination was made 
with the finger and the probe. 
"Third-That when the consulting surgeons were 
called in and found that this had been done they 
very properly, and in accordance with well estab- 
lished and universally recognized rules of surgery, 
refrained from repeating that examination. 
"Fourth-That even if these rules had been disre- 
garded and such examination made it would have 
determined nothing of practical importance as re- 
gards the subsequent treatment. In the channel, which was found almost free from 
pus, lay the flexible catheter introduced into the 
wound at the commencement of the autopsy, its 
extremity was found doubled upon itself immedi- 
ately beneath the peritoneum, reposing upon the 
iliac fascia, where the channel was dilated into a 
pouch of considerable size. This long descending 
channel, now clearly seen to have been caused by 
the burrowing of pus from the wound, was sup- 
posed during life to have been the track of tho bul- 
let. 
CRUSHING THE FIRST LUMBAR VERTEBRA. 
The last dorsal, together with the first and second 
lumbar vertebra and the twelfth rib, were then re- 
moved from the body for more thorough examina- 
tion. When this extir-ination was made, it was 
found that the bullet had penetrated the first lum- 
bar vertebra in the upper p irt of the right side of 
its body. The aperture by which it entered involved 
the intervertebral cartilage next above, and was 
situated just below and anterior to the in- 
tervertebral foramen from which its upper 
margin was about one quarter of an inch distant. 
Passing obliquely to the left and forward through 
the upper part of the body of the first lumbar verte- 
bra. the bullet emerged by and aperture, 
the centre of which was about half an inch to 
the left of the median line, and which also involved 
the intervertebral cartilage next above. The can- 
cellated tissue of the body of the first lumbar verte- 
bra was very much comminuted and the fragments 
somewhat displaced. Several deep fissures extended 
from the track or the bullet into the lower part of 
the body of the twelfth dorsal vertebra. Others ex- 
tended through the first lumbar vertebra into the 
intervertebral cartilage between it and the second 
lumbar vertebra. Both this cartilage aud that next 
above were partly destroyed by ulceration. A num- 
ber of minute fragments from the fractured lumbar 
vertebra had been driven into the adjacent 
soft parts. It was further found that the 
right twelfth rib also was fractured at a point one 
inch and a quarter to the right of the transverse 
process of the twelfth dorsal vertebra. This injury 
had not been recognized during life. On sawing 
through tne vertebra, a little to the right of the me- 
dian line, it was found that the spinal canal was not 
involved by the track of the ball. The spinal 
cord. and other contents of this portion 
of the spinal canal presented no abnor- 
mal appearances. The rest of the spinal 
cord was not examined. Beyond the first lumbar 
vertebra the bullet continued to go to the left, pass- 
ing behind the pancreas to the point where it was 
touud. Here it was enveloped in firm cyst of con- 
nective tissue, whicn contained besides the ball a 
minute quantity of inspissated, somewhat cheesy 
pus, which formed a thin layer over a portion 
of the surface of the lead. There was also 
a black shred adherent to a part of 
the cyst wall which proved on microscopical exam- 
ination to be tiie remains of a blood clot. For 
about an inch from this cyst tho track of the ball 
behind the pancreas was completely obliterated by 
the healing process. Thence, as tar backward as the 
body of the first lumbar vertebra, the track was filled 
wiih coagulated bl'Od, which extended on the left 
into an irregular space rent in the adjoining adipose 
tissue, behind the peritoneum aud above the 
pancreas. The blood bad worked its way to the 
left, bursting finally through the peritoneum be- 
hind the spleen into the abdominal cavity. The 
rending of the tissues by the extravasation of this 
blood was undoubtedly the cause of the paroxysms 
of pain which occurred a short time before death. 
WHERE THE FATAL HEMORRHAGE BEGAN. 
This mass of coagulated blood was of irregular 
form and nearly as large as a man's fist. It could be 
distinctly seen from in front through the perito- 
neum after its site behind the greater curvature, of 
the stomach had been exposed by the dissection of 
the greater omentum from the stomach, 
and especially after some delicate adhe- 
sions between the stomach and the part of 
the peritoneum covering tho blood mass 
luid been broken down by the fingers. From the 
relations of the mass, as thus seen, it was believed 
that the hemorrhage had proceeded from one of the 
mesenteric arteries, but as ft was clear that a minute 
dissection would be required to determine the par- 
ticular branch involved it was agreed that 
the infiltrated tissues and the adjoining 
soft parts should be preserved for subse- 
quent study. On the examination and dissection 
made in accordance with this agreement it was 
found that the fatal hemorrhage, proceeded from a 
rent, nearly four-tenths of an inch long, in the 
mam trunk of the splenic artery, two inches and a 
half to the lett of the cwliac axis. This rent must 
have occurred at least several days be- 
fore death, since the everted edges in the 
slit in the vessel were united by firm ad- 
hesions to the surrounding connective tissue, thus 
। forming au almost continuous wail bounding the 
adjoining portion of the blood clot. Moreover, the 
peripheral portion of the clot in this vicinity was 
disposed in pretty firm concentric layers. It was 
further found that the cyst below the lower margin 
of the pancreas in which the bullet was found was 
I situated three inches and a half to the left 
I of the cceliac axis. Besides the mass of coagulated 
blood just described; another, about the size of a 
walnut, was found in the greater omentum, near the 
splenic extremity of the stomach. The communi- 
cation, it any, between this and the larger hem- 
orrhagic mass could not be made out. 
CONDITION OF THE HEART AND LUNGS. 
The examination of the thoracic viscera resulted 
as follows:-The heart weighed eleven ounces. 
All the cavities were entirely empty ex- 
cept the right ventricle, in which a few 
shreds of soft, reddish, coagulated blood 
adhered to the internal surface. On the surface of 
the mitral valve there were several spots of tatty 
degeneration; with this exception the cardiac 
valves were normal. The muscular tissue of the 
heart was soft and tore easily. A few spots of 
fatty degeneration existed in the lining mem- 
brane of the aorta just above the semilunar 
valves, and a slender clot of fibrin was 
found in the aorta, where it was divided about two 
inches from these valves for the removal of the 
heart. On tne right side slight pleuritic adhesions 
existed between the convex surface of the lower 
lobe of the lung and the costal pleura, and firm ad- 
hesions between the anterior edge ot the lower 
lobe, the pericardium and tho diaphragm. 
The right lung weighed thirty-two ounces. 
The posterior part of the fissure, between 
its upper and lower lobes, was congenitally incom- 
plete. The lower lobe of the right lung was hypo- 
statically congested, and considerable portions, es- 
pecially toward its base, were the seat ot broncho- 
pneumonia. The bronchial tubes contained a con- 
siderable quantity of stringy muco pus. Their 
mucous surface was reddened by catarrhal bron- 
chitis. The lung tissue was (Edematous (a 'foot 
note says;-"A part at least of this condition was 
doubtless due to the extravasation of the injecting* 
fluid used by the embalmer"), but contained no 
abscesses or infarctions. 
On the left side the lower lobe of the lung was 
bound, behind to the costal pleura, above to the 
upper lobe and below to the diaphragm by pretty 
firm pleuritic adhesions. The left lung weighed 
twenty-seven ounces. The condition or its bronchial 
tubes and of the lung tissue was very nearly the 
same as on the right side, the chief difference being 
that the area of broncho-pneumonia in the lower 
lobe was much less extensive in the left 
lung than in the right. In the lateral part of the 
lower lobe of the lett lung and about an inch from 
its pleural surface there was a group ot four minute 
areas ot gray hepatization, each about one-eighth 
of an inch in diameter. There were no infarctions 
and no abscesses in any part of the lung tissue. 
The surgeons assisting at the autopsy were unani- 
mously ot the opinion that on reviewing the history 
ofthe"case in connection with the autopsy it is 
quite evident that the different suppurating sur- 
faces, and especially the fractured spongy tissue of 
the vertebra, furnish a sufficient explanation of the 
septic conditions which existed during life. 
About an hour after the post-mortem examination 
was completed the physicians named at the com- 
mencement of this report assembled for further 
consultation in an adjoining cottage A briet out- 
line of the results of the post-mortem examination 
was drawn up, signed by all the physicians and 
handed to Private Secretary J. Stanley Brown, who 
was requested to forward copies to the newpaper 
press. V. W. BUSS. 
- J. K. BaRnES. 
J. J. WOODWARD. 
ROBERT REYBURN. 
D. S. LAMB. 
As the above report contains paragraphs detail- 
ing the observations made at Washington on the 
pathological specimens preserved for that purpose, 
the names of Drs. F. H. Hamilton, D. Hayes Agnew 
and A. H. Smith are not appended to it. It has, 
however, been submitted to them and they have 
given their assent to the other portions of the re- 
port. 
Being, however, somewhat broken in health, 
he decided last spring to retire from active 
practice and devote himself to less engrossing 
pursuits. With this in mind he disposed of 
bis practice, getting for it one of the largest 
sums ever paid for a clientage of the sort in 
the West, and started for Kansas, where he 
thought of embarking some of his capital in 
stock raising. He had scarcely reached the 
state, however, before he was asked by Pres- 
ident and Mrs. Garfield to attend her in her 
seiious illness last spring. Laying aside his 
business enterprises he obeyed the call, and 
remained with the family till the most serious 
stages of the illness were passed. He was 
called West again by the terrfble railroad acci- 
dent which brought upon him a crushing per- 
sonal affliction, and while this blow was still 
fresh the news came, that his cousin, the 
President, had been assassinated. His duty 
was with the family; he came to the White 
House as their guest, friend and kin, and 
after the great trial of their strength and 
faith began, remained with them, doing 
what ha could to save a life so precious to ail 
and one bound to himself by so peculiar ties. 
Dr. Boynton is personally a man of sunny 
and amiable disposition, very adverse to 
quarrels, tolerant in his opinions, and above 
ail upright and truthful in character. In 
this connection it may be well to state the 
precise relationship of the doctor and the 
late President. Their fathers were half 
brothers, and married sisters. They are, 
therefore, full first cousins on their mothers' 
side, and half cousins on their fathers' side. 
They were both born in Orange township, 
Cuyahoga county, Ohio, were playmates in 
boyhood and have been lifelong and intimate 
friends. 
w ork Uailu 
FOUNDED BY HORACE GREE L^Y, 
^altinw 
SUNDAY, OCTOBER 2, I**1 
The official record of the post-mortem ex- 
amination at Elberon is designed for the medi- 
cal profession rather than the public, which 
has been laboring to educate itself during the 
last three months in practical surgery. One of 
its most startling statements relates to the in- 
ternal hemorrhage. This, it appears, was 
caused by a rent nearly four-ten ths of an inch 
in width in the main trunk of the splenetic 
artery-not the mesenteric-adjacent to the 
cyst below the pancreas where the ball 
was lodged. The surgeons declare, how- 
ever, that this rent was made several 
days before the President died, the averted 
edges in the slit having been united by firm 
adhesions. The condition of the lungs is 
closely analyzed, and the conclusion is re- 
iterated that the different suppurating sur- 
faces, especially the spongy fragments of the 
vertebra, furnish an adequate explanation of 
the septic condition of the blood. The sur- 
geons admit as gracefully as they may that 
this was a case of mistaken diagnosis during 
life, and that their original record of the 
autopsy required serious revision. 
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1881. 
Dr. Boynton's Statement. 
It Is asserted In a despatch from Washington that 
Mrs. Garfield has requested Dr. Boynton to with- 
hold the statement that he had prepared relative to 
the autopsy, as she was satisfied that the Presi- 
dent's wound was mortal, and did not desire to have 
the controversy further prolonged. The corre- 
spondent states the following was contained In the 
statement: "That from about August 12 the Presi- 
dent had Imperfect command of his mental facul- 
ties, and that he had only lucid intervals. He often 
found It difficult to complete sentences, and his 
mind would wander toward the end of nearly every 
attempt at sentence making. Many of the sayings 
attributed to him were either misunderstood or 
were not correctly reported from the sick chamber. 
The notable saying, 'Is it worth while to continue 
this struggle longer?' is said to have originated in 
this statement made In the President's wanderings 
when he was evidently going over his work as a 
member of the Electoral Commission: 'Is it worth 
while to go Into this Florida business further?' On 
arriving at Long Branch he fell Into a stupor, from 
which It was difficult to arouse him, and from which 
he did not altogether rally until the next day. 
When he did arouse he was surprised to find where 
he was, requested to be taken away, and said that 
he had asked to be taken to Mentor, and wished to 
go there. He frequently asked for Mr. Blaine, and 
wondered why he did not come, but did not make a 
general request that all the members of the Cabinet 
visit him. Toward the latter part of the time the 
physicians and attendants were compelled to sat- 
isfy his requests and commands with evasions." 
UWjhnjton -post. 
OCTOBER 2, 1881. 
SKETCH OF DK. BOYNXOY. 
A Distingaislied Homeopath and I 
Cousin of the Bate President. 
From the New York Evening Post. 
When the full history of President Gar- ) 
field's extraordinary case is written no one 
immediately connected with it will appear in ; 
brighter colors than Dr. S. A. Boynton. Peo- 
ple generally do not understand the character 
and abilities of this gentleman, who took 
upon himself the responsible but humble 
duties of nurse at the request of his near 
relatives and life-lonz intimate friends. Dr. 
Boynton is a man of independent fortune, 
his wealth being estimated at more than 
$100,000. For many years lie has had one of 
the largest practices in Cleveland, his profes- 
sional income having been from $15,003 up- 
ward jearlv. For some years also he has 
filled with' great acceptance the professor- 
ship of physiology ip the Homeopathic Hos- 
pital College at Cleveland, one of the oldest 
< nd best medical schools of the West. Not 
himself a surgeon as distinguished from a 
physician, his knowledge of that brancn of 
practice is considerable. For many years he 
ha's been closely associated with Dr. 
Schneider, of Cleveland, who for a longtime 
has Lad charge of the surgery of the Lake 
Shore railroad, and whose reputation as a 
successful practicing surgeon is excellent. I 
Dr. Boynton is still in the prime of intel- i 
lectual life, being forty-six years of age. | DAILY TRIBUNE, TUESDAY 
I morning bulletin it was announced that the 
I wound bad begun to discharge healthy pus. The 
। President took more nourishment than usual. Sat- 
| urday, July 9. the beginning of the second week, 
! was also a hopeful day. The patient was in excel- 
] lent spirits, and the bulletins were reassuring. Ou 
I Sunday. July 10, the attending physicians tele- 
| graphed to Drs. Hamilton and Agnew that such 
| slight changes as had occurred were for the better. 
I Reference was made from time to time iu these dis- 
I patches to the consulting surgeons of the morphine 
I and quinine that were, administered. The patient's 
I pulse ranged from 102 to 108. The discharge of 
I pus continued to be favorable. On Monday recov- 
■ cry was pronounced probable, and with the ex- 
I ception of the work upon the refrigerating 
I machines the day was uneventful. The 
I next few days showed what was thought to be con- 
I tinned improvement. The fever was less marked, 
I and the patient's appetite was better. On Thurs- 
day, July 14, Professors Bell and Taintor arrived at 
Washington for the purpose of experimenting, in the 
hope by the aid of electrical instruments of deter- 
mining the position of the ball in the President's 
body. On Saturday, July 16, solid food was rel- 
ished. The patient seemed to be gaining strength 
daily, and the bulletins were gratifying though mo- 
notonous. There were said to be no indications of 
pytemia. In view of his apparently steady progress 
toward convalescence it wms decided to issue only 
a morning and evening bulletin. Solid food was 
eaten 'with great relish on Sunday, and the Presi- 
dent expressed a desire to take, a ride down 
the river. His pulse during these days was 
generally below 100, and sometimes down to below 
90. The following few days were uneventful. The 
patient appeared to be improving, his appeiite was 
good, and the wound was regarded as iu a healthy 
condition. Occasionally his pulse would rise higher 
than usual, but this was said to be due to some 
minor causes. On Friday some fibres of cloth and a 
small piece of bone were discharged from the, 
wound with the pus, and the afternoon lever was 
more, marked than usual. 
THE PATIENT'S FIRST RELAPSE. 
Saturday, July 23, however, three weeks after he 
was shot, was a day of anxiety. The previous night 
the patient had been restless, and at 7 a. m. he had 
a chill wnich was followed by a fever. At 11:30 a. 
m. he had another chill, and at 12:30 p. in. his| 
pulse was 125. temperature 104, and respiration 
26. The wound failed to discharge pus readily, 
and it was thought that a pus cavity 
had been formed. Ihe patient vomited several 
times during the morning. Drs. Agnew and Hamil- 
ton were hastily summoned, and went to Washing- 
ton by special train. This was the first serious re- 
lapse that the President had had since he recovered 
from the first effects of the wound, and the feeling 
of alarm and anxiety was widespread. The phy- 
sicians denied that pyaemia ha 1 set in. Ot er 
chills followed, and on the following morn- 
ing Dr. Agnew performed an operation 
to relieve the pus cavity which had I 
formed a few inches below where the ball entered! 
the President's body. The cut was about an inch iuI 
in length and three-quarters of an inch in depth, 
and extended into the original wound. At night it | 
was found that the pus from the wound was chain- j 
ing through the new opening. This operation re- i 
lieved the President, and the fever diminished. He 
wns five, from nausea, and his temperature was I 
lower. The flow of pus became as free as usual. The 
paitient bore the operation without flinching J 
In the course of this operation it .was found that the 
eleventh rib had suffered a compound fracture. 1L 
[ was broken in two places and bent iuward. Dr. 
I Reyburn ws quoted assaying that there were no indi- 
i cation of blood poisoning, and the following day Dr. 
I Bliss expressed the same opinion. Malaria attacked 
several of the attendants at the White House, but] 
the President was said to be free from any malarial ] 
symptoms 
Ou Monday, July 25, the patient seemed to Ive re- 
covering from the effects ol his relapse. The dis- 
|charge of nos was healthy, and the pulse ranged 
i from 96 to 110. On the whole it was thought that 
i the new trouble with the wound was only transient, 
i'uesday was a day of panics in Washington over 
wild and absurd rumors as to the President's con- 
dition which were not warranted by the facts. 
Again he seemed to be on the road to recovery, and 
fear teave way to a more confident feeding. At the 
forenoon dressing a splinter of rib half an inch long 
was removed from the wound. Dr. Hamilton, iu a 
talk with a Tribune reporter, expressed the belief 
that the ball had lodged in the right iliac fossa, that 
is, in the lower part of the abdomen on the right 
side, twelve inches or more from its point of en- 
I trance. Cheering reports continued as to the 
' progress of the patient. His good spir- 
lits returned, and his appetite was ex- 
cellent. On Thursday, July 28, he was moved into 
an adjoining room while the sick chamber was 
thoroughly cleaned. On Friday the symptoms con- 
tinued favorable, and his ultimate recovery was 
confidently anticipated. The wound appeared to 
he in good condition, and the mtient rested well 
and relished his nourishment. Solid food was taken 
| on the following day. His pulse on that day-Sat- 
urday, July 30-varied from 92 to 104, 
| On Monday, August I, the electric induction balance 
I was tried, and the approximate position of the ball 
j was determined. This confirmed the opinion of the 
surgeons that the ball lay in the front wail of the 
abdomen, about five indies below and to the right of 
the navel, and just over the groin. So long as 
it caused no trouble it was thought best 
not to attempt to remove it. In the 
following few days the reports were all 
encouraging. The President's voice was natural.' 
। he took nourishment in the usual quantities, and 
I the febrile symptoms were not such as to can® 
[alarm. His recovery was regarded as only a ques- 
tion of time. It was thought that the ball was be- 
coming encysted. The noon bulletin was again 
omitted. The patient slept without the aid of mor- 
i phine. 
AN OPERATION PERFORMED. 
Nothing of moment occurred until Monday, Au- 
gust 8. The fever on the preceding few days had 
caused some apprehensions iu the minds of the sur- 
geons, and it was thought to be due to some impedi- 
ment to the flow of pi The mouth of the original 
wound had nearly healed, and the incision which 
■was made to relieve the pus sac had become 
somewhat clogged by the rib. Ac- 
cordingly, the patient was given ether 
land a new channel for the outflow of pus was cut 
by Dr. Agnew below the twelfth rib. It was about 
three and a half inches deep, and extended into the 
track of the ball. The operation brought on 
nausea, and the patient's pulse rose to 118, but 
soon fell to 100. The flow of pus through the new 
channel was satisfactory, and the patient was re- 
lieved. The next day, Tuesday, August 9, 
the patient's condition was encouraging. 
Solid food, however, was dispensed with 
lor a time. On Wednesday, August 10, the Presi- 
dent signed a paper of extradition in the case of an 
escaped Canadian forger. His fever was less marked 
Hum on the day before. Koumiss (fermented mare's 
•milk) and some easily digested solid food were 
relished. The fever resulting from the operation 
bad abated on Thursday, and the patient's 
symptoms were favorable. He slept well, 
no anodyne being necessary. On the following day, 
firiday, August 12, Dr. Bliss, whose finger became 
inoculated with pus from the President's wound, 
was taken sick. The pulse of the President still 
continued rather higher than was wished, but this 
was not regarded as alarming. The wound on 
Saturday was said to be granulating finely, and the 
improved condition of the patient was noticeable. 
TROUBLED WITH DYSPEPSIA. 
On Sunday, August 14, the case took a new and 
uu favorable turn. The President's old enemy dyspep- 
sia, returned, and he was not able to re ain his food 
as well as for a few days previous. His pulse in the 
evening was 108. The following day was an 
anxious one. The patient's stomach re- 
belled, and caused him to vomit several times, 
(u his weakened condition this was recognized as 
a serious trouble. He had lost more than fifty 
pounds during his illness, and it was admitted that 
if bis stomach should refuse to assimilate food the 
situation would be critical. Secretary Blaine and 
Secretary Lincoln, who had left Washington, were 
telegraphed for. The bulletins stated that the pa- 
tient had not slept well and that his stomach was 
badly out of order. 
In the afternoon the irritability of the Presi- 
dent's stomach returned, and he vomited three 
times. At 6:30 p. m. his pulse was 130, having in- 
creased twelve beats since noon. For the first time 
since he was wounded, nourishment was adminis- 
tered by injection. The alarm that spread over the 
country was increased the next* day, Tuesday, 
August 16, by the news that the patient had 
vomited again several times during the night. His 
pulse ranged during the day from 110 to 120. His 
stomach continued weak, and nourishment was 
given by injection. He failed t> rally from the 
rostration brought on the day before. On Wednes- 
day, August 17, a more hopeful feeling prevailed at 
the White House. 'The patient took small quanti- 
ties of food in the natural way, and his temperat .re 
was lower. His couaition on the whole was rather 
more encouraging, although, as Secretary Blaine 
telegraphed Minister Lowell, it was extremely 
critical. Both Dr. Hamilton and Dr. Agnew were 
in attendance during ihe day. 
THE PAROTID GLAND INFLAMED. 
On Thursday, August 18, the noon bulletin said 
SEPTEMBER 20, 1881-WT 
HISTORY OF THE CASE 
J A STRUGGLE FOR LIFE LASTING 79 DAYS. 
| REVIEW OF THE CONDITION OF THE PATIENT FRO 
■ THE DAY HE WAS SHOT TO THE DAY OF HIS 
DEATH-HIS RELAPSES-DESCRIPTION OF THE 
I OPERATIONS-THE REMOVAL TO LONG BRANCH- 
I THE LAST DAYS AND THE END. 
| President Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau 
S at about twenty minutes past 9 on the morning 
a of Saturday, July 2, in the Baltimore and Potomac 
[Railway station, a few minutes before he was to 
a take the train from Washington to New-York, on 
I his way for a trip through New-England. The 
| rumor immediately became current and was tele- 
| graphed to this city that he was dead. This was be- 
J lieved for the moment, and produced the wildest ex- 
| citement here and elsewhere. It was soon contra-1 
3 dieted, however. 
At Washington all was confusion and alarm. The 
1 wounded man was taken to a room in the station, 
! whore he vomited. Drs. Bliss, Reyburn and several 
I other physicians were hastily summoned, and a 
I preliminary examination of the wound was made. 
It was found that the ball, which was of 44 calibre, 
fired from a pistol of the British "bull-dog" pat- 
tern, had penetrated the back about four inches to 
the right of the spinal column, ami subsequently 
it was learned that it had fractured the eleventh 
rib. Its course was downward and forward. In a 
1 few minutes the President was removed to 
the White House in an ambulance, and at 
11:30 a. in. it was officially announced that he 
hud returned to his normal condition, and that his 
pulse was 63. In the afternoon the reaction took 
place, and the patient's pulse at 7 p. m. stood at 
110. He was reported to be bleeding internally, 
ami it was not deemed best to probe the wound for 
the b 11. On the arrival of Mrs. Garfield from Long 
I Branch, early in the evening, the President became 
easier, and his pulse fell to 112. It was at this time 
supposed that thb right lobe of the liver had been 
penetrated, and it was thought that the ball was 
embedded either m this organ or in the anterio-.' 
wall of the abdomen. Nausea and vomiting had 
occurred during the day. In the course 
of the night the sick man complained 
of pains in his feet, indicating that a main 
nerve in bis back had been affected by the ball. 
Few people expected him to live. Sunday was a 
day of alternating hopes and fears. In the morning 
he seemed brighter, but iu the evening his pulse 
rose to 120. Peritoneal inflammation was feared. 
The 10:30 p. m. bulletin was signed by Surgeon- 
General Barnes and Dr. J. J. Woodward in addition 
to Drs. Bliss and Reyburn. Monday morning Dr. 
D. Hayes Agnew, of Philadelphia, and Dr. Frank H. 
Hamilton, of New-York, arrived in Washing- 
ton, having been summoned at the request of Mrs. 
Garfield, and approved of the course which had been 
taken by the attending physicians. In the morning 
bulletin the tympanites (swelling of the abdomen) 
was referred to as not having increased. The Pres- 
ident vomited slightly during the day. Dr. Agnew, 
it was reported, stated tliat the kidneys and 
stomach were uninjured, but that the liver ha i 
been lacerated. Altogether it was a dismal Fourth 
of July all ov.r the country. ' 
DREAD GIVING PLACE TO HOPE. I 
On Tuesday a more cheerful feeling prevailed. 
The President was able to retain food, and the 
organs of tin lower part of the abdomen were found 
to be uninjured. He did not vomit during Monday I 
night, and the dispatches sent to Drs. Agnew and 
Hamilton, who Lad returned home, were, 
encouraging. His pulse varied from 106 to 
114. A consultation of medical men was 
held to consider the question of reducing the tem- 
perature in the sick-room, but nothing definite was 
done until several days later. We nesday, July 6, 
the encouraging symptoms were continued. For the 
first time since the day he was shot the wounded 
man's pulse fell to below 100.it being 98 at 8:30 
a. m.. and the first crisis was though to be passed. 
He passed a comparatively comfortable day, 
although the weather was very hot, and asked for 
substantial food. A simple arrangement to reduce 
the temperature of the room by the absorpt ion and 
evaporation of ice-water gave some relief. The 
' next day ! bo patient's face presented a slightly 
I jaundiced appearance; the bulletins were encourag- 
ling. Ou Friday his pulse and temperature were 
[higherthan on the day before, a slight fever being 
[caused by the . suppuration of the wound. In the ithat the President was suffering from inflammation | 
lot'the right parotid gland, which is affected when I 
lone has the mumps. The symptom was not re-1 
•1 yarded by the surgeons as serious, ami as the pa-c 
| uent re mined small quantitiesof food, the day was! 
J regarded on the whole as one of progress. A stall | 
I correspondent of The Tribune at Washington, I 
however, took a more gloomy view 
of the case, and telegraphed as fol- 
lows, Thursday night, in regard to the sentiment 
on!side of the White House: "Almost everyone 
outside the White House believes that there is a 
serious vitiation of the patient's blood, and that 
this is the cause of the steady decline m flesh and I 
trength. This vitiation is not thought to amount ! 
to pyauaia, if there is no ra id absorption of viru-i! 
lent matter m the blood ; but it is argued that the i 
blood is in a depraved condition, and that to this I 
condition is owing all the unfavorable symptoms! 
and the very grave fact, which no one disputes, that | 
in spite of occasional gains the steady course of the E 
President has been down hill ever since he recovered S 
from the shock of the wound and made his first! 
rally." 
On the following day, Friday, August 19, it was® 
announced that the patient's stomach was resuming I 
its functions. Yet the case was regarded as critical, | 
owing to the exhausted condition of the sick man. ! 
i he parotid gland ceased to give the President pain, 
and it was hoped that the worst was over. Nourish- 
I ment was still given by injection, as it was im- 
perative that the strength of the sick man should! 
be kept up by every possible means. The parotid 
swelling was reported iu the noon bulletin to 
bo diminishing. The patient's pulse ranged from 
1100 to 106. Secretory Blainejtelegrapbed Mr. Low- 
e 11 that the President was bet ter t han he had (been 
I for four days. Ou Saturday, August 20, more i 
I food was taken by the mouth aud less by injection 
! than on the day before. The noon bulletin was de- 
layed, ami when it was issued the reason became 
apparent. Tiie wound, it stated, had been ex- 
plored to a depth of twelve and a half inches by 
means of a flexible tube. Before this time the sur- 
geons had been able to examine the wound to a 
depth of only three or four inches. The 
deeper penetration was permitted by the separation 
of a small slough. The wound was said to be in a 
good con ition. The pus was healthy, aud Dr. Bliss 
denied that the President was suffering from pyte- 
mia. His pulse and tom. eraiure were a Little higher 
than on the previous day. The only official refer- 
ence to the parotid swelling was in the morning 
bulletin, which stated that it was unchanged aud 
was free from pain. 
HOPES AGAIN DA'HED. 
Sunday, August 21, was another badday, and the ■ 
hop-s of the public were again dashed. During the ; 
(preceding night the patient had been som-what i 
I restless, and his pulse at 8:30 a. m. was at 106. His 
mind appeared to be affected by his excessive weak- 
ness. In the afternoon he vomited three times, and 
rhe process of feeding him by the mouth 
had again to be suspended temporarily. The vom- 
I iting, it was said, was not caused by nausea, but by I 
hhe accumulation of saliva and phlegm iu the pa-? 
tient's throat. The glandular irritation, the sup-1 
j (njsed cause of the brom bial obstruction, was still t 
(roublcsome. Salve plasters and poultices seemed g 
to have n<* effect iu reducing the swe ling. 
| The reports that the President's mind was wan -1 
dering caused the gravest feeling of alarm. Ibis, 
together with the unusually high fever aud the 
temperature at one time below the normal, made the 
case a critical one. His coughing deprived him of 
rest, aud he could not regain strength by food ad- 
I ministered through the mouth, because he could 
I not retain it. The reports on Monday, the 
j 22d, were slightly more enconra ving. In the 
I course of the day awt twenty ounces of 
I liquid food were taken naturally and retained, 
a The efforts to scatter the inflammation of the parotid 
I gland were not successful, however, and an 
j operation was talked of. The danger apprehended 
J was irom continual waste without an equivalent 
l rebuilding. Slight delirium caused by feeble- 
! ness and by the long illness was again noticed. Sec- 
gretary Blame telegraphed to London t hat the general 
S condition of the President was serious if not critical. 
I " He is weak, exhausted and emaciated,' said t he I 
I dispatch," not weighing over 125 or 130_pounds. I 
tills weight when wounded was from 205 to 310 1 
! pounds." His failure to gain strength was t he cause 
| for alarm. This dispatch caused the gravest feeling 
I of uneasiness everywhere The surgeons reported 
1 the wound to be doing ss'dl. 
£ On Tues lay, the 23d, there was a ray of hope, 
j ami for a time a better feeling prevailed, thirty 
I ounces of liquid food were taken naturally and te- 
g taim d, aud at one time the patient's pul re was down 
S to 96-the lowest point reached in a fortnight. 
I Fears, however, that the. inflamed parotid gland 
I would suppurate occasi nod some uneas ness. the 
I tempera ture and pulse were about the same as on 
11 ie day before. On the whole the President was 
a thought to be about the same, and the gain, if any, 
1 was very slight. 
LANCING THE GLANDULAR SWEET-ING. 
| On Wednesday, August 24, the parotid swelling 
| became softer than usual, indicating that suppura-l 
lilon had begun. Dr. Hamilton, therefore, took a | 
lancet, ami throwing an antiseptic spray over the 
swelling without applying anaesthetics iu any form 
made an incision upward for half an inch 
an 1 then downward for alike distance into 
the cheek an inch in front of and a little Inflow 
the ear. The pulse immediately ran up to 115 
but soon fell to 104. Partially hardened pus, 
in quantity about as large as two peas, was 
out. The President appeared to be relieved by the 
< peration, and it was the1 ht that danger from this 
1 source was removed. Late in the evening the 
arrival of Dr. Agnew from Philadelphia, 
whence he had been hastily summoned, caused 
considerable alarm. He was driven to 
the White House, where the question 
of the advisability of removing the President was 
under discussion. The members of the Cabinet 
were also present. It was decided not io move the 
patient. Rumors also prevailed that Vice-Presi- 
dent Arthur had been summoned to Washington to 
assume the duties of the Presidency owing to the 
inability of General Garfield, but these proved to be 
unfounded. 
Thursday, the 25th, the case assumed a 
| more serious phase. The incision in the glandular 
swelling did not produce the desired results, and it 
was still filled with pus confined in cells. The 
patient's stomach seemed to be doing well, 
■md yet it was seen that he was 
gradually losing strength, aud was hourly becom- 
ing less able to throw off the effects of vitiated 
blood and insufficient nomshmeut. Of itself the 
glandular disturbance would not have been a cause 
for serious alarm, but in the enfeebled condition of 
I the patient it was liable to produce the gravest I 
results. Despite the operation the swelling did not 
diminish, and the discharge of pus was very slight. 
This, taken with the fever in the afternoon, caused 
the deepest feeling of anxiety. The physicians 
themselves admitted the gravity of the Presi- [ 
dent's condition, but hoped for a favorable turn. 
Secretary Blaine telegraphed to Mr. Lowell that 
the patient's mind, at intervals, had been clouded, 
.uni that ha was losing strength. Fr iday it was 
thought that there was only a slight chauce of the 
patient's recovery. The unfavorable symptoms 
continued. The pulse rose once to 138, and it re- 
mained at 136 for some time. The patient 
on awakening suffered from some mental confusion. 
The pus from the glandular swelling began to sup- 
purate through the. car, and iu the weakened con- 
dition of the patient this process, which ordinarily 
would be regarded as an encouraging sign, 
was looked upon as an additional cause for alarm. 
That the patient's blood was poisoned Dr. Bliss ad- 
mitted. The wound, he said, looked badly. The 
sides were, flabby, and the pus was thin, watery and 
unhealthy. Hie only hope left was based upbu the 
President's stomach. Should this fail him the end 
would only be a question of hours. In the noon 
bulletin the surgeons stated frankly for the first 
tune ihat his condition was critical. 
NEAR DEATH'S DOOR. 
I Saturday, August 27, was another day of terribl 
suspense and anxiety. It was popularly supposed 
that the death of the President was only a question 
of a day or two, or perhaps a few hours. 
The bulletins held out little hope. In the morning 
aud at noon the President's pulse was 120. His 
tempesature was about a degree higher at noon 
than at 8:30 a.m. He was feebler than on the 
day before. The only encouraging symptom was 
his ability to take and retain liquid food naiurally. 
No change was observed in the parotid swelling or 
in the wound. In the afternoon, however, the 
conditions were somewhat more encouraging. His 
mind was clearer, and his pulse fell to 106. In the 
evening he asked for milk toast, which was given to 
him. A better feeling prevailed, aud this was in- 
creased on Sunday when the patient seemed to 
Shave emerged from the valley of the shadow of 
| death. His pulse was less frequent, and no trouble 
was experienced -with the stomach. His pulse 
fell to 100, aud respiration aud temperature were 
normal. Another incision was made iu the parotid 
swelling to facilitate the escape of pus. The wound 
looked better than it had on the day before. 
I There is not much to be said about the week that 
followed. Little change was noticed iu the coudi- ■ 
tion of the patient. He seemed to hold his own i 
from day to day, but made little if any perceptible! 
progress toward recovery. It was regarded as an i 
encouraging sign, however, that he did not grow1 
worse, and iho despondency of the preceding week 
gave way to hope for his ultimate recovery. The 
bulletins were monotonous, and the statement was 
made day after day that the condition ot the pa- 
tient did not differ materially from what it was at 
the same hour on the preceding day. Some of the 
symptoms were encouraging. The glandular swell- 
ing decreased iu size, aud the patient's pulse was at 
times as low jas 90 and 95. He slept lairly well at 
night. Wednesday evening, August 31, his pulse 
ranged from 108 to 116, aud caused some uneasi- 
ness, but the next day the fever subsided some- 
what, aud there was thought to be a slight im- 
provement iu his condition. Solid food was taken 
I iu considerable quantities with relish. 
The sultriness of the weather the last of the week 
reopened the question of the President's removal! 
IIrem the White House. The air iu Washington isj 
full of malaria in September, aud it was deemed by J 
| Ibe Cabinet and the surgeons that his removal was | 
mi, erative. The President himself expressed a 
preference for Long Branch, inasmuch as it was 
inexpedient to undertake a journey to Mentor, and 
i his was finally determined upon ou Saturday, 
September 3. His condition was comfortable, aiid 
it was thought that there would be less risk in tak 
mg the journey than in remaining in Washington. 
Late Saturday evening there was a slight disturb- 
ance of the patient's stomach, and he vomited twice 
in the night. 1'be vomiting was caused by phlegm 
in the throat, it was thought, aud was unaccom- 
panied by serious results. His pulse was somewhat 
higher ou Sunday than on Saturday. The prospect 
of going to Long Branch seemed to make the pa- 
tient slightly restless and nervous. The parotid 
swelling continued to improve, aud the condition of 
me wound remained about the same. 
REMOVED TO IX)NG BRANCH. 
Nothing of special importance occurred until 
Wednesday, September 7, when the President was 
safely removed to Long Branch by rail. Elaborate 
preparations had been made for the journey. 
Shortly before 6 a. m. the patient was carried down 
stairs and placed in an Adams Express wagon, in 
which he was driven from the White House to the 
special train which had been fitted up for his re- 
|eeption. His pulse .before he left the White House 
i was 118, temperature 99.8, respiration 18. The car 
' in which he was placed had been carefully fitted up 
j with a spring lied, by which the motion of the car 
i was reduced to a minimum. The road to Long 
Branch, by way of Philadelphia, Monmouth Junc- 
tion and Sea Girt, was cleared of all trains, and the 
journey was made rapidly and without accident. 
Crowds of people were present at many of the sta- 
tions, but they kept perfectly quiet. Up to Phila- 
delphia the President seemed to eujoy the ride, but 
irom Philadslphia to Sea Girt he was restless ami 
seemed to be exhausted by the journey. The salt 
? air which blew through the car on its journey from 
Sea Girt to Long Branch revived him somewhat. 
I fhe tram reached Elberon at a few minutes past 1 
o'clock, and the President was immediately removed 
to the room which had been prepared for him in the 
cottage of Mr. C. G. Francklyn. At 6:3u p. m. his 
pulse was found to, be 124, temperature 101.6, 
respiration 18. The increased pulse was said to be 
due to the excitement ami fatigue incidental to the 
journey, in the evening the lever was less marked. 
On t he following day, despite the intense heat 
that prevailed a. Long Branch, the President ex- 
pieosed liimseIf as u feeling better," and the phy- 
sicians were hopeful of speedy progress toward 
bealtii. At the President's own desire, Drs. Barnes. 
Ih-yburn and Woodward withdrew from the corps 
Jut attending surgeons, alter signing the officials 
| bulletins of September 7, the President believim; 
| t int a smaller number of attendants could manage 
2 the case as well as the number at first engaged 
K upon it. 
Slight but positive improvement, with few fluc- 
tuations, was made by the President, until Sunday, 
j the 11th, when some anxiety was caused by the 
j announce nent of a rise in pulse, temperature and 
a respiration, ami a distressing cough revealed the 
S presence of some lung trouble, supposed to be the 
i formation of a pus cavity in the right lobe, frbm 
I vluch. pus was discharged into his throat. At the 
B same tune there was a marked improvement in th® 
■ condition of the parotid gland, some of the affected 
g portion sloughing away, Io the relief of the patient, 
fi andoii Monda.y ' here was a change for the better, 
Stiie lung troubl.partially subsiding, the gland 
■! and w ound making good progress iu healing, and 
| the stomach continuin'' to perform its functions 
I well, (he favorable symptoms continued on the 
I following day, when the President was placed for 
I tree first time in a. reclining chair, and spent half an. 
r hour'here without bad results. The lung trouble 
| app. .ently grew less, and the patient no longer felt 
j the contiuual sense of fatigue of which he had for- 
Smerly complained. On Wednesday, the 15th, ho 
Iwa. again placed in the reclining chair, and par- 
took, among other things, of some ^uit, wiih 
evim-nt rc.ish. L<-s- progress was p< rceptibte, how- 
cvei, than ou the previous day, aud it I- came ap- 
paicnt that he was suffering from an abscess in 
the lower part of the right lung, the result of septic 
infection of the blood. Thursday there was no 
change in his condition. He took food in variety, 
e though his appetite was not strong. His determina- 
ition io get well wavered a little at times, aud ho 
E once expressed fear that bringing him to the seaside 
9 would be of no avail after all. 
! Public anxiety increased greatly on Friday, Sep- 
I tember 16, as the President coughed a great deal; 
I the sputa was purulent : the wound was not healthy 
Ini appearance, and the discharge from it was thin 
laud watery. At times his respiration was 22. Ho 
| was again afflicted with bel-soree, and although 
j his stomach acted well, and he ate more food than 
5 usual, he was evidently growing weaker. 
THE BEGINNING OF THE END. 
Half an hour before noon on Saturday, September 
| 17, a severe chill set in, lasting for fully half an 
i hour. Slight evidences of a chill had been discov- 
ered the preceding night, but the physicians had 
been able to keep it under control. The attack of 
the । bills was followed later by profuse perspira- 
tion and high fever. Toward night the patient felt 
slightly relieved. In the evening of the following 
day, Sunday, September 18, a chill lasting tor 
fifteen minutes excited the gravest apprehensions 
among the President's attendants. The patient 
suffered severely' from its effects. Though the pa- 
tient felt re! eved a few hours later, the physicians 
were of the opinion that the situation was very 
critical. 
HIS LAST DAY. 
i Monday, September 19, opened ominously. A 
[chill lasting about fifteen minutes occurred at 8:30 a. in. it was followed by a considerable febrile rise 
and sweating. The bulletin issued at 12:3Qp. m. 
stated that the sufferer's general condition re- 
mained unchanged; his temperature at that time 
being 98.2, pulse 101, respiration 20. Ever since 
the first chill had seized the patient he had been 
-inking slowly and gradually. Immediately after 
the issue of the second bulletin dispatches were 
sent by Secretary MacVeagh to Secretaries Blaine 
and Lincoln to hasten their return to Elberon. A 
dispatch was also sent to V ice-President Arthur. 
Everybody seemed to be convinced that the crisis 
was at hand. The evening bulletin gave scarcely 
any encouragement. As the evening' passed the 
patient seemed to grow weaker and weaker, and at 
10:35 p. in., after a struggle for life lasting seventy- 
nine days, death relieved the sufferer. 
PULBE, TEMPERATURE AND RESPIRATION. 
The following table shows the fluctuations in the 
President's pulse, temperature and respiration from 
day to day np to the time of his removal from tho 
White House. The figures are taken from the morn- 
ing, noon and early evening bulletins : 
The whole internal organs were then care- 
fully removed from the body, placed in suita- 
ble vessels, and examined one after another, 
An abscess was found between the under sur. 
face of the liver, the transverse colon, or large 
'intestine, and the portion of the peritoneum 
to which the colon is attached, involvin'! the 
gall bladder. This sac measured six Inches : 
across and four inches from front to | 
back. It was lined by a pus-secreting mem- I 
brane'which replaced the under part of the 
liver sac. The abscess contain d about two 
ounces, four tablespoonfuls, of greenish- 
yellow fluid, a mixture of pus and bile. No 
communication could be discovered between 
this sac and the wound. The liver, with which 
it was only in external contact, weighed 
eighty-four ounces, being larger than normal, 
from fatty degeneration. There was no in- 
dication of its having been wounded by the 
bullet. The spleen was found to be very 
large. With the exception of slight adhesions 
of the intestines to the membrane (perito- 
meum) enclosing them, there was no evi- 
dences of peritonitis having existed. Tae 
kidneys were next examined. There was a 
little abscess on the left one, one-third of an 
inch in diameter. In no other respect were 
these organs affected. Behind the right 
kidney was found the track of the bullet. It 
was found that from the point at which it had 
fractured the right eleventh rib (three inches 1 
and a half to the right of the spine,) the mis- 
sile had gone to the left obliquely forward, 
passing through the body of the first lumbar 
vertebra and lodging in the fatty tissue 
immediately below the lower border 
of the pancreas, about two inches 
and a half to the left of the spinal 
column, and behind the peritoneum. It had 
become completely encysted, or enclosed in a 
sac. The track of the bullet between the 
point at which it had fractured the eleventh 
rib and that at which it had entered the first 
Inmbar vetebra was considerable dilated, and 
the pus had burrowed downward through the 
adipose, or fatty tissue, behind the right kid- 
ney, and thence had found its way outside 
the peritoneum, making a descending channel 
which extended almost to the groin. The adi- 
pose tissue behind the kidney in the vicinity of 
this descending channel was much thickened 
and condensed by inflamation. In the chan- 
nel, which was found almost free from pus, 
lay the flexible catheter introduced into the 
wound at the commencement of the autopsy, i 
Its extremety was found doubled upon itself, 
immediately beneath the peritoneum, where 
the channel was dilated into a pouch of con- 
siderable size. This long descending chan- 
nel, now clearly seen to have been caused by 
the burrowing of pus from the wound, 
was supposed, during life, to have been the 
taack of the bullet. Three of the vertebre 
and the twelfth rib were removed for exam- 
ination at greater extent. It was found that 
the bullet had penetrated the first lumbar 
vertebra in the upper part of the right side of 
its body. The aperture by which it entered 
involved the cartilage above, and was situated 
just below and in front of the space between 
the vertebra, from which its upper margin 
was about one-quarter of an inch distant. 
Passing obliquely to the left and forward 
through the upper part of the body of the 
first lumbar vertebra, the bullet emerged by 
an aperture, the centre of which was about 
half an inch to the left of the median or centre 
line of the body, and which also involved the 
cartilage next above. The latticed tissue of the 
first lumbar vertebra was much splintered and 
the fragments scattered. Several deep fissures 
extended from the track of the bullet into the 
lower part of the body of the lower dorsal 
vertebra. Others extended through the first 
lumbar vertebra into the cartilage between it 
and the second. Both this cartilage and that 
next above were partly destroyed by ulcera- 
tion. A number of minute fragments from 
the fractured vertebra had been driven Into 
iUe adjacent soft parts. It was further 
found that the right twelfth rib also was 
fractured at a point one inch and a quarter to 
the right of the twelfth dorsal vertebra. This 
injury bad not been recognized during life. 
JJcsL 
OCTOBER 3, 1881. 
STORY OF THE AUTOPSY. 
THE BURGEONS' REPORT PCT IXTO 
THE VULGAR TONGUE. 
Mow the Remains of the Late President 
Were Dissected-The First Futile 
Effort to Find the Ball-Ap« 
pearance of the Body. 
Date. 
PULSE. 
TEMFEKATUKE. i 
AP'M. 
A.M 
M. । 
P.M 
A.M. 
H. 
P.M. 
M. 
r.M । 
July 3 
108 
no! 
120 j 
99.4 
100 
20 
July 4 
126' 
100 
101.9 
19 
2-1 
21 
J uly 5 
114 
no 
106 
100.5 
101 
100.91 
24 
24 
24 
July 6 
98 
1OO 
104 
98.9 
99.7 
100.6| 
231 
23 
23 
July 7 
34 
100 
106 
99.1 
100.8 
100.2 
' ..A 1 
23 
23 
July 8 
96 
108 
108 
99.2 
101.4 
101.3 
23 
24 
24 
July 9 
100 
104 
1081 
99.4 
101.2 
101.9! 
24 
24 
July 10 
106 
102 
106 
100 
100.5 
101.9. 
23 
22 
24 
July 11 
98 
106 
108 
99.2 
99.8 
102.8' 
22 
24 
24 
Julv 12 
961100 
104 
99.6 
100.8 
102 4 
'J 4 
24 
July 13 
90 
94 
100 
98.5 
100.6 
101.6 
20 
22 
24 
July 14 
90 
94 
9S| 
99.8 
98.5 
1O1 I 
22 
22 
23 
July 15 
90 
94 
98 
98.5 
98.5 
100.4 
18 
18 
20 
July 16 
90 
94 
9« 
98.5 
98.4 
100.2 
18 
IS 
19 
July 17 
90 
94 
98 
98.4 
98.51100.2 
18il8 
20 
July 18 
88 
98 
102 
98.4 
98.5 
100.7 
18118 
21 
July 19 
90 
92 
96 
98.5 
98.5 
99.8 
18 
19 
19 
July 30 
86 
88 
98 
98.4 
98.4 
99.6 
18'18 
19 
July 21 
88 
92 
96 
98.4 
95.4 
99.9 
18 
19 
19 
July 22 
88 
98 
98 
98.4 
98.4 
100.2 
17 
18 
19 
July 23 
92 
125 
118 
97.4 
104 
101.7 
19 
2G 
25 
July 24 
98 
118 
104 
98.4 
99.8 
99.2 
18 
24 
23 
July 25 
9G 
104 
110 
98.4 
98.4 
98.4 
101.8 
18 
20 
24 
July 2* 
Ju'Y 27 
102 
1OG 
104 
98.4 
190.7| 
18 
19 
22 
94 
90 
95 
98.4 
98 4 
98.5, 
18 
18 
20 
Juiy 28 
92 
94 
104 
98.4 
98.5 
100.5 
18 
18 
20 
July 29 
92 
98 
98 
98.4 
98.4 
100 
18 
19 
20 
Julv 30 
92 
98 
104 
98.5 
98.5 
100 
18 
20 
20 
July 31 
941100 
104 
98 4 
98.5 
90 
18 
18 
19 
20 
Aug. 1 
94 
10O 
1041 
98.4 
98.4 
99.5 
19 
20 
Aug. 2 
94 
99 
104 
98.4 
88.4 
1OO 1 
18 
19 
20 
Aug. 3 
96 
100 
102 
98.4 
98.4 
99.41 
18 
19 
19 
Aug. 4.. 
90 
96 
102 
98.4 
98.4 
100.2 
18 
IS 
19 
4 ng. 5 
89 
98 
102 
98.4 
98.4 
100.4] 
18 
18 
19 
Aug. 6 
92 
100 
102 
98.4 
98.5 
101.8 
18 
19 
19 
Aug. 7 
96 
104 
104 
98.7 
100 
101.2 
'IS 
20 
20 
Aug. 8 
94 
104 
108 
98.4 
100.2 
101.9 
18 
20 
19 
Aug. 9 
98 
104 
106 
99.8 
99.7 
101.9 
19 
19 
19 
Aug. 10 
104 
110 
108 
98.5 
98.6 
101 
19 
19 
19 
Aug. 11 
100 
102 
108 
98.6 
98.6 
101.2 
19 
19 
19 
Aug. 12 
100 
100 
108 
98.6 
99.3 
101.21 
19 
19 
19 
Aim?- 13 
104 
102 
104 
100.8 
99.2 
100.71 
19 
18 
19 
Aug. 14 
14X1 
96 
108 
99.8 
90.3 
100.8, 
18 
18 
19 
Aug. 15 
108 
118 
130 
100.2 
99 
99.61 
20 
19 
22 
Aug. 16 
110 
114 
120 
98.6 
98.3 
98.9 
18 
18 
19 
Aug. 17 
110 
112 
112 
98.3 
98.7 
98.81 
18 
18 
18 
Aug. 18 
104 
108 
108 
98.8 
98.4 
100 1 
17 
18 
18 
Aug. 19 
100 
106 
106 
98.4 
98.8 
100 I 
17 
17 
18 
Aug. 20 
98 
107 
no 
98.4 
9S.4 
100.4 
18 
18 
19 
Aug. 21 
106 
108 
108 
98.8 
99.4 
99.21 
18 
18 
IS 
Aug. 22 
104 
104 
no 
98.4 
98.4 
100.1 
18 
18 
19 
Aug. 23 
190 
104 
104 
98.4 
98.9 
99.2 
18 
IS 
19 
Aug. 24 
1OO 
104 
108 
98.5 
99.2 
100.7 
17 
17 
19 
Aug. 25 
106 
112 
112 
98.5 
99.2 
99.8 
18 
19 
19 
Aug. 26.. 
108 
118 
116 
99.1 
100 
99.9 
17 
18 
18 
Aug. 27 
120 
120 
114 
98.4 
99.6 
98.9 
Q'? 
22 
Aug. 28 
100 
104 
no 
93.4 
99.5 
99.7 
17 
18 
20 
A ug. 29 
100 
106 
no 
98.5 
98.6 
100.5 
17 
18 
18 
Aug. 90 
102 
116 
109 
98.5 
98.9 
99.5 
18 
IS 
18 
Aug. 31 
100 
95 
109 
98.4 
98.4 
98.6 
IS 
17 
18 
Sept. 1 
1OO 
108 
108 
98.4 
98.6 
99.4 
17 
18 
18 
Sept. 2 
100 
104 
98.4 
98.7 
99.2 
17 
18 
18 
Sept. 3 
104 
101 
102 
98.6 
98.4 
99.6 
IS 
! 18 
118 
Sept. 4 
108 
106 
no 
98.4 
98.4 
99 
n 
18 
1*8 
Sept. 5 
102 
114 
1108 
99.5 
99.5 
99.8 
18 
18 
118 
The October issue of The American ■Jour- 
nal of the Medical Sciences contains the official 
report of the autopsy performed upon the 
body of Ih-esident Garfield. The following 
statement of the -condition of the various 
organs ef the body, in terms comprehensible 
by all, includes ail the tacts stated in the 
official report. The persons present and as- 
sistingere enumerated as follows; Dr. D. W. 
Bliss, SKrgeon-Gcneral J. K. Barnes, United 
States Army; Surgeon J. J. Woodward, 
United States Army; Dr. Robert Reyburn, 
Dr. Frank II. Hamilton, Dr. D. Hayes Agnew, 
Dr. Andrew II. Smith, of Elberen (and New 
York), and Acting Assistant Surgeon D. S. 
Lamb, of the Army Medical Museum, Wash- 
ington, D. C. Dr. Lamb performed the actual 
operation and Dr. Woodward recorded the 
results. The head was not opened. Before 
commencing with the dissection of the abdo- 
men and chest the external appearance was 
observed. The body was considerably 
emaciated, but the face was much less wasted 
than the limbs. A preservative fluid had been 
injected by the embalmer a few hours before 
into the main artery of the left thigh. The 
front surface of the body presented a natural 
appearance, and there was no discoloration of 
the abdomen. From the opening below the 
right ear bloody matter was escaping, 
but no tumor was present there. 
Purple spots were thickly scat- 
tered over the left ehoulder blade 
and under the arm. This was the case to a 
less degree on the right shoulder. A deep 
ulcer, about an inch in lengtkjexisted over the 
spine In the small of the back. At the base of 
the spine were four small bed-sores. The bullet 
wound was found depressed and three and a 
half inches to the right of the spine. A ca 
theter, or flexible tube, was inserted into the 
wound and left there. An incision was then 
made from the top of the breast bone to the 
lower part of the abdomen, and another 
across, just below the navel. The flaps were 
then turned back and the whole internal or- 
gans exposed. The fatty tissue under the skin 
was found to vary from one-eighth to one- 
half of an inch in thickness. Some adhesions 
of the intestines, the result of an old dysen- 
tery, were found. A mass of black congealed, 
blood was found covering the spleen and 
greater omentum, or canal. This extended 
into the interior of the lower part of the ab- 
domen. About a pint of bloody fluid was 
also found in the same cavity. The coagu- 
lated blood on being measured was found to 
be about a pint. 
It was, by this discovery, shown that sec- 
ondary hemorrhage bad been the immediate 
cause of death. The point from whicl? this 
had taken place was, however, still unde- 
termined. 
The blood and other matter lying in the 
opening was then washed out and an attempt 
was made to find the bullet, where it had been 
thought to lie, before making any further in- 
cision. The end of the catheter, previously 
inserted into the long channel leading from 
the external wound forward, was felt under 
the peritoneum, or lining of the abdomen. 
But this had doubled on itself, and no indica- 
tion of the proximity of the ball could be 
found. 
10n Tuesday, September 6, the President was 
removed by rail to the Francklyn Cottage, Elberon, 
N.J. In the early morning, before leaving Wash- 
ington, his pulse was 118; during the journey it fell 
to 110, and even lower; and at 6:30 p. m., when the 
only official bulletin for the day was issued, and the 
President had been in his new quarters several 
hours, his pulse was 124, temperature 101.6, and 
respiration 18. The record of the bulletins there- 
after is as follows: 
Date. 
PULSI 
TKM 
HERAT 
PRB. 
R 
ESP'W. 
1 * 
4.M 
M. 
PM 
A.M. 
M. . 
p.m. 
M. 
* 
5 Sept. 7 
106 
114 
108 
98.4 
98.4 
101 
18 
18,18 
] Sept. 8 
104 
94 
too 
98.7 
98.4 
99.1 
18 
17 
18 
Sept. 9 
100 
100 
100 
98.5 
98.4 
98.8 
17 
17 
18 
Sept. 10 
109 1OO 
100 
99.4 
98.5 
98.7 
18 
18 
18 
Sept. 11 
104 
no 
110 
98.8 
100 
1OO.C 
19 
20 
20 
Sept. 12 
ioo ioa 
100 
9S.4 
99.2 
98.6 
18 
20 
18 
Sept. 13 
100 100 
100 
99 4 
98.8 
98.4 
20 
20 
20 
Sept. 14 . - 
1001104 112 
98 4 
98.8 
99.2 
19 
29 
21 
Sept. 15 
100 
10211041 
98.4 
98.9 
99.2 
120 
21 
21 
Sept. 16 
104 
116 
1041 
98.6 
99.8 
98.6 
21 
22 
Sept. 17 
108 
120 
102 
99.8 
102 
98 
121 
24 
18 
Sept. 18 
102111611021 
98 
100 
98.4 
|18I2O|2O 
Sept. 19 
106 
1041 
1021 
98.8 
98.2 
98.4 
122 
20|18 On sawing through the vertebra a Little to the 
right of the median line, it was found tha 
the spinal canal, containing the mar 
row, was rot entered by the ball. 
Beyond the first lumbar vertebra the bullet 
continued to go to the left, passing behind the 
pancreas te the point where it was found. 
Ilere it was enveloped in a firm cyst or sac, 
which contained, besides the ball, a minute 
quantity of dried, somewhat cheesy pus, 
w hich formed a thin layer over a-portion of 
the surface of the lead. There was also a 
black shred adherent to a part of the cyst 
wall, which proved, on microscopical exami- 
nation, to be the remains of a blood clot. 
For about an inch from this cyst the track of 
the ball behind ihe pancreas was completely 
heated up. Thence, as far backward as the 
body of ihetrst lumbar vertebra, the track was 
Sited with coagulated blood, which extended 
on the left into an irregular space rent in the 
a-dioining fatty tissue. Behindthe peritoneum 
acid above the pancreas the blood had worked 
its way to the left, bursting, finally, through 
the peritoneum behind the spleen into the 
abdominal cavity. The rending of the tissues 
by this blood was undoubtedly the cause of 
the paroxysms of pain which occurred a short 
time before death. 
This-coagulated blood was-of irregular form, 
and nearly as large as a man's fist. It could 
be distinctly seen from in front, through the 
peritoneum after its site behind the greater 
curvature of the stomach had been exposed 
by the dissection. From the relations of the 
mass as thus seen it was believed that the 
hemorrhage had proceeded from one of the 
mesenteric arteries, but as it was clear that a 
minute dissection would be required to deter- 
mine the particular branch involved, it was 
agreed that these tissues and the adjoining 
soft parts should be preserved for subsequent 
studv. 
Oii this being made it was found that the 
fatal hemorrhage proceeded from a rent, 
nearly four-tenths of an inch long in the 
main trunk of the artery of ths spleen, two 
inches and a half to the left of the abdominal 
line. This rent must have occurred at least 
several days before death, since the edges In 
the slit turned outward and were firmly 
united to the surrounding tissues, thus form- 
ing an almost continuous wall bounding the 
adjoining portion of the blood clot. Besides, 
the outside portions of the clot in the vicinity 
w as found in pretty firm layers, one over the 
other. It was further found that the sac,Jbelow 
the lower margin of the pancreas, (or "Sweet 
bread") in which the bullet was 
found, was situated three inches and a half to 
the left of the abdominal line. Besides the 
mass of congulated or curdled blood just 
described, another, about the size of a wal- 
nut, was found in the greater omentum, or 
caul, near the extremity of the stomaeli ad- 
joining the spleen. Between this and the 
larger clot no communication could be made 
out. 
The examination of the organs of the chest 
showed that the heart weighed eleven ounces. 
All the cavities were empty, except the riftht 
ventricle or cavity, in which a few sheds of 
soft, reddish, curdled blood clung to the in- 
ner surface. On the surface of the mitral 
valves of the heart there were several spots of 
fatty degeneration; with this exception the 
valves of the heart were normal. The mus- 
cular tissue of the heart was soft and tore 
easily. A few spots of fatty degeneration 
were found in the lining membrane of the 
great artery,just above the semi-lunar valves, 
and a slender clot of fibrine or coagulated 
, portion of the blood was found in the great 
I artery, where it was divided, about two 
i inches from these valves, for the removal of 
the heart. 
The right lung weighed thirty-two 
ounces and the left twenty-seven. The 
lower lobe of the former was found 
hypostatically congested or solidified by 
gravitation of fluids into it by the recumbent 
position of the patient. Considerable por- , 
Uods were also the seat of Inflammation. The 
bionchial tubes were reddened by catarrhal 
inflammation. The left lung was found in a 
similar condition but to a considerably less 
extent. There were no abscesses in any part 
of the lung tissue. 
The surgeons assisting at the autopsy were 
unanimously of the opinion that, on review- 
ing the history of the casein connection with 
the autopsy, it was quite evident that the dif- 
ferent suppurating surfaces, and especially 
the fractured spongy tissues of the vertebra, 
furnish a sufficient explanation of the septic 
conditions which existed during life. As the 
report contains paragraphs detailing the ob- 
servations made at Washington on the pa- 
thological specimens preserved for that pur- 
pose, the names of Drs. F. II. Hamilton, D. 
Hayes Agnew and A. II. Smith are not ap- 
pended to it. It has, however, been submit- 
ted to them and they have given their assent 
to the other portions of the report. NEW YORK HERALD 
W ? nn dan 
AND 
Weekly National Intelligencer. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
Eatered at the Post Oilice at Washing- 
ton 1). €f., as Second-class Matter. 
NEW YORK. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 7. 1881. 
GUNSHOT WOUNDS. 
Editorial and Publication Offices, No. 935 D 
Street Northwest. 
I- N. BURKITT, Editor and Proprietor. 
T. B. KALBFUS, Publisher. 
DR. J. MABTON SIMS DISCUSSES THEIR RELA- 
TIONS TO PERITONEAL SURGERY BEFORE THE 
ACAD! MY OF MEDICINE PRESIDENT GAR- 
' FIELD'S CASE CONSIDERED. 
The Academy ot Medicine held its first stated 
•meeting last evening atter the summer vacation. 
The hall of the Academy on West Thirty-first street 
was well filled with tellows and others belonging to 
the society, while on either side of President For- 
dyce Barker were visiting surgeons from various 
cities and from abroad. Dr. Adams, who was one 
of the representatives of the Academy at the re- 
cent Medical Congress at Paris, presented a report 
of the work done by the Convention between 
the 2d and tbe 9th of August. There were, he said, 
24 surgeons and physicians from this city in at- 
tendance at the Convention, and the 3,200 represen- 
tatives embrace 13 nationalities. There were in all 
119 meetings of the various sections, and before 
them were read 464 papers, the majority of them 
being of the greatest importance to medical 
science. Dr. Austin Flint, Sr., read a care- 
fully prepared eulogy to the memory of Dr. 
James T. White, of Buffalo, who had died since 
the last meeting of the Academy. 
The feature of the evening's session was the read- 
ing of a paper by Dr. J. Marion Sims on "The re- 
cent progress of peritoneal surgery; does it lead to 
a better treatment of gunshot and other wounds of 
the abdominal cavity?" Ovariotomy, he said, 
was the mother of peritoneal surgery, and it was the 
prime feature of that part of the surgeon's art to 
stop hemorrhage at once and to unite the cut 
edges of the peritoneum by appropriate sutures 
and to meet any demand for drainage by 
the insertion of drainage tubes. Listarism, 
it was thought by some, had made it 
useless to employ drainage tubes. The only objec- 
tion to the use of'these tubes was tho possible chance 
ot provoking ventral hernia, but such a turn was 
far preterable to a death by pyaemia. The reader 
advocated a return to the practice of the Caesarian 
operation, as entirely practicable under the advan- 
tages of modern surgery. The dangers, he said, in 
cases of a rupture of the peritoneal covering was 
from shook from hemhorrhage and septicaemia, but 
not from peritonitis, as was the very general im- 
pression even in the profession. 
THE lATB PRESIDENT'S CASE. 
Dr. Sims then alluded to the case ot President 
Garfield, and said that when the news reached him 
at Paris he was under the impression that the bullet 
had pierced the abdominal cavity. "It such haa 
been the case and the President had recovered from 
the shock," said Dr. Sims, "then I would have 
cut boldly into the peritoneal cavity, have cleaned 
it out, and by suturing the intestines given the 
patient every chance to get well. Shall we 
! stand idly by and see any man die, 
be he peasant or President, when by 
tbe applications of tho surgery ot to-day 
he may be saved. Fortunately tor the President the 
wound was as much a flesh and bone wound as it 
given in the thigh, and there is now nothing to do 
but deplore the loss which has fallen upon the 
country." 
In the discussion of the paper Dr. G. W. H. Sayre 
was the first called upon, and he said that the reader 
had overlooked the importance of wounds ot the 
belly, particularly gunshot wounds, of having an 
exit as well as an inlet hole. "If any of you must be 
shot," said Dr. Sayre, "pray God that tbe bullet 
may go through and through you. It was a misfor- 
tune that tbe bullet which struck our President was 
not of that sort. Then our course is plain-it is 
drainage, drainage, drainage. It you have a barrel 
of cider with the bung uppermost you will get only 
such discharge from it as ferments out, but turn the 
barrel over and all the contents run freely forth. 
So it is with the abdominal and peritoneal cavity. 
Keep the place clean if you expect good order 
to prevail there. Of the President's care I have no 
word now of censure, but I do say that wounds of 
the abdomen correctly diagnosed are not to be looked 
upon as necessarily fatal." 
Dr. Gardner, of the United States Army: Dr. 
Newell, Colonel McGee, United States Army, and 
Dr. Cushing were followed in the discussion by Dr. 
James R. Wood, who said it was a very ri-ky prac- 
tice, in his opinion, to go cutting and poking about 
in the abdomen look for bullets or injuries. In 
ovariotomy the patient was in good condition and 
calm before tho knife was used, but in gunshot 
wounds the patient was likely to die of shock before 
the operation could be concluded. Turning to Dr. 
Sime, who sat listening to the discussion Ins paper 
had provoked. Dr. Wood said;-"You, sir, say things 
that nobody dare say but you, and after the King I 
do not caie to speak. Yet I must protest against ti e 
too free use of drainage tubes and the free use of 
the knife in opening up the great cavities of the 
body." Dr. Sims closed the discussion by thank- 
ing the Academy for the attention paid him and pre- 
dicting that the surgery of tbe next decade would 
see incision of the abdominal and pelvic cavities 
freely resorted to. 
WASHINGTON:::OCTOBER 9, 1881. 
THE PRESIDENT'S WOUND. 
The Surgeons Severely Handled- 
Cases of Fractured Vertebrte Where 
the Patients Have Lived Several 
Years. 
Washington, D. C., September 28, 1881. 
To the Editor of The Sunday Herald: 
Sir : Permit me through your columns to 
give expression to a few incontrovertible facts sug- 
gested by the recent autopsy on the body of our late 
President. It is a fundamental principal in medical 
science, that all treatment not based upon correct 
diagnosis is empiricism. If the maxim be true, the 
deduction is plain: the medical and surgical treat- 
ment of James A. Garfield was as blind empiricism 
as ever disgraced the profession of medicine in this 
or any other civilized country. With even such 
meagre facts as the autopsy thus far furnishes, any 
intelligent man outside the medical profession can 
now look back and realize not only were the diagnoses 
in every instance far wide of the truth, but in most 
instances eminently ridiculous. Bacon has said: 
" Nature is a labyrinth In which the very haste with 
which you move will make you lose your way. ' ' 
If a common laborer received such a kound, and was 
carried into any of our large city hospitals, he would 
have heen thoroughly examined, and the nature and 
extent of^hls injuries fully diagnosed. But our 
President's treatment began with professional bicker- 
ing and invidious jealousies, and developed into sena- 
tlonal charlatanism. It is fresh in the minds of all 
how the President suffered intense pain in the feet, 
the sensation being compared to the pricking of 
needles. These are among the symptoms of Injuries 
to the vertebrae as given by all eminent writers on 
surgery, an yet an examination of the spinal column 
does notappear to have suggested itself. If it be true 
that the body of the first lumbar vertebras was 
fractured, and the fragments of bone driven into the 
surrounding soft parts, most assuredly a careful 
examination of the spinal column would have elicited 
the fact. But instead of any such rational pro- 
cedure, a probe director was constantly passed 
In an entirely different direction to the track 
of the bullet, and the passage thus formed treated as 
the true wound long before the pus itself could have 
formed any such sinus or channel. Then came the 
' ' induction balance, ' ' and from being in the liver, 
we were told, " if the President was constituted like 
other men, the ball was under the psoas muscle, near 
the margin of the brim of the pelvis." But the 
most startling anatomical enigma of all was given 
by the evening papers a day or two before the Presi-. 
dent's removal to Long Branch. In an interview 
with the reporters the surgeon in charge was repre- 
sented to have said, "The bullet is working down- 
wards, where we can easily reach It, or 'twill most 
likely pass off per rectum.'1 ' By therldlculous exac- 
tions of the medical code of ethics any difference of 
opinion which might be held by the consulting sur- 
geonscan never reach the public, and yet it is but 
fair to believe that had the President been from the 
beginning exclusively the patient of Surgeons Agnew 
and Hamilton the public and sorrow-stricken family 
would have been spared intense anxiety, and the 
medical profession in America a lasting stigma. 
As to the hopelessness of the President's case from 
the beginning, the following carefully collected in- 
stances of fracture of the first lumbar vertebrae may 
be of interest to your readers: Sir Astley Cooper 
mentions a case of fracture of the first lumbar verte- 
bra' in which the patient lived twelve months, and 
then died of sloughing of the soft parts. Soemmering 
relates an instance of fracture of the body of the first 
lumbar vertebra, in which the patient lived six 
months. Cruveilhier, in his engravings, shows a 
fracture of the second lumbar vertebne, the patient in 
this Instance living four years. In a case recorded 
by Dr. Barlow, in the seventeenth volume of the Med. 
Chir. Trans., the patient had at first more or less 
paralysis of the lower extremities. After eight 
months he recovered the use of his limbs, and in 
twelve months could go out carriage riding, but, hav- 
ing an attack of. fever, gangrene of the tissues sur- 
rounding the Injury set in, of which he died. In the 
museum of the College of Surgeons, London, is a 
preparation showing fracture of the last dorsal verte- 
bra,, (next the first lumbar,) the patient having lived 
twelve months. Lawrence, Cline, and others mention 
similar cases, all of which lived for periods varying 
from six months to four years. We may be thankful, 
then, in view of the blissful Ignorance of the attend- 
ing surgeons as to the fatal injury to the spine, that 
our beloved President was spared a longer ordeal of 
experimental torture and suffering. Censor. NEW YORK HERALD 
TTTE EVENING STAR. 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
■WiEONESUAV. 
October 19, 1SS1. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
LOCAL MENTION. 
THE PLEA OF MALPRACTICE ABANDONED. 
Mr. Scoville says he will uot ask the court to 
compel the attendance of either Mr. Sims or Dr. 
Hammond, ot New York. He would not have 
l written to them upon the subject had he not seen 
! in the papers that they had criticized the sur- 
gical treatment of the President. "According to 
the printed report which you see here," said Mr. 
Scoville, "Dr. Sims, at a meeting held by the New 
York Academy of Medicine, is reported as saying 
that when the news reached him at Paris he was 
under thedmpresslon that the bullet had pierced 
the abdominal cavity'. If such had been the case 
[ and the President had recovered from the shock, 
i then he would have cut boldly into the peritoneal 
i cavity, have cleaned it out and by suturing the 
। intestines given the patient every chance to get 
well. 'Shall we st ind 1 Uy by and see any' man die, 
lye he peasant or President,when by the application 
of the surgery of to-day lie may' be saved? 
Fortunately for the President, the 
wound was as much a flesh and bone wound as if 
given in the thigh, and there is nothing to do but 
, to deplore the loss which has fallen upon the 
j country.' After reading these latter and con- 
cluding words from Dr. Simms," continued Mr. 
i Scoville, "I thought proper to have his opinion on 
: the subject. As to Dr. Bliss, there may be a preju- 
dice against him .because of bls condurango can- 
cer cure, but even this would not induce high- 
minded medical men to speak untruthfully of 
him. It is probable that he made a mistake at the 
veiy beginning by probing the wound before any 
competent surgeon could examine it. There are 
in Chicago at least two surgeons of very highest 
standing who would testify as to his errors in the 
case, and I have no dt ubt but that Drs. Sims and 
Hammond would tell the truth if required to tes- 
tify. But I make only one defence, that of in- 
sanity, and shall not call upon any o£ them." 
LETTER FROM DR. HAMMOND. 
Mr. Scoville has received the following letter: 
"New York. Oct. 15,1881. 
"Dear Sir:-In answer to your letter of the 13th 
inst. I regret being obliged to state that under no 
circumstances can I have anything whatever to do 
with the case of your client, either as adviser or 
expert. My opinion relative to the surgical treat- 
ment of the President does not in the least lessen i 
my sense of Guiteau's criminality'. 
Yours sincerely, William A. Hammond." I 
NEW YORK. WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12. 1831. 
PRESIDENT GARFIELD'S WOUND. 
THE QUESTION OF TREATMENT DISCUSSED Bl 
THE EAST RIVER MBDICAL ASSOCIATION-DIS- 
SATISFACTION WfTH DR. BLISS' COURSE. 
The East River Medical Association met last even 
ing at the residence of its president, Dr. James R. 
Taylor, No. 234 East Twelfth street, and listened to 
a paper by Dr. Fanned D. Weisso on "Gunshot 
Wounds ot the Abdomen." There was a very fu! 
attendance of members, as it was understood that 
special attention was to be paid to the case of Gen- 
eral Garfield, with which Dr. Weisse was connected 
as a post-mortem examiner. Dr. Sayre was present 
with Dr. McLeod, of Glasgow, Scotland, as the 
special guest of the association. Dr. Weisse said in 
opening his talk on the topic of the evening that 
one of the particular points of interest in the case 
of the late President was the tracking of the ball 
through the tissue behind the kidney on the right 
side and to the Iront of the Kidney on the 
left side without at all entering the peritonical 
cavity. The splenic artery Ly in its course, and 
this had been punctured on the first entrance of 
the ball, and thus produced the traumatic aneurism 
which was not due to ulceration, but by this orig- 
inal injury. He related a case of a man in Tomb 
stone, A. T., who was shot within thirty-six hours 
of the time the President was hit, with tne same 
sort of pistol and Within one inch of the spot where 
General Garfield was hit. The ball was a little 
lower, going in below the twelfth rib and 
going through the body, coming out font 
aud a half inches from the umbilicus There 
was cousiderble shock, and after twelve days ot 
favorable progress there was a disoharge of faeces 
from the wound, due to a rupture ot the colon. 
This was sewed up, and now the man is walking 
about. The lesson of the President's case was that 
there was ample room tor the track of a ball in thia 
tissue, without going into the great cavity at all. 
Dr. Farrell, in discussing the paper, said his ex- 
perience of years as a deputy coroner and autopsy 
maker had made him familiar with gunshot wounds, 
and he concluded:-"If there is anything that is tor- 
menting it is to track a wound entering any of 
the cavities." Her called the variety ot cases during 
the "Dead Rabbit" riots, and laid special stress 
on the case of Poole, who was shot through the 
sternum anil had a bullet in the right ventricle of 
his neaft for twelve days. At the autopsy when the 
sternum was lilted it was tound that the pericardium 
had healed, and the doctors were nonplussed and 
cut freely about the back to|tind it, until one, feeling 
among the thoracic viscera, discovered the bullet in 
the heart. 
gabfield's treatment still confused. 
Dr. Sayre a ked whether it was not likely that tha 
embalming fluid put in under pressure had not 
burst tne sac of tbq aneurism, and urged that it 
would have been more satisfactory to have had tha 
autopsy before the mutilation of the body by tha 
emba.mers. Dr. Weisse said some of the embalm- 
ing fluid had passed into the peritoneal cavity, 
but it had so passed through the open- 
ing in tha previously opened sac. Dr. Sayre re- 
marked that the case was still all in confusion. At 
the fir-t report of the autopsy it was sa.d that the 
secondary hemorrhage was from the bursting of the 
mesenteric ariery, but now it is from the splenio 
artery. Said the Doctor:-"How can the surgeons 
tell us where the ball was lodged except by refer- 
ence to the posterior walls, and yet the bul- 
let was not found in situ, but in a 
basin ot viscera ? Was there a correct diag- 
। nosis of the case or an attempt to 
have such? Did Dr. Agnew or Dr. Hamilton make 
a personal examination of the wound or not? I 
have been informed by eye witnesses that they did 
not, and yet they signed the first bulletin to all the 
world, saying that everything was satisfic- 
tory. They did not make an examination, said 
one statement from Dr. Hamilton, because it would 
be 'meddlesome surgery.' It is very tunny and 
totally inexplicable to me that the history of the 
case now and the history from the bulletins are so 
ditler nt, aud yet Dr. Bliss now says in explaining 
that quarter past eight A. M. bulletin of July 4, 
that 'they (Drs. Agnew and Hamilton) individually 
•examined the wound with great care.' Was the pa- 
tient ever put on a water bed ? A bed sore is now 
a disgrace to the surgeon in attendance. If 
the spine was injured why was it not treated as any 
other broken bone? 1 can see no good reason tor 
not exploring the wound with judicious care aud 
arriving at a correct diagnosis, aud without such 
diagnosis we are certainly all in the dark as to treat-- 
meut." Dr. Weisse said if they had cut dowuto 
the eleventh rib when the President had recovered 
from tne first shock tney could have Uken out the 
fragment and very likely have discovered the track 
of the bait 
NEW YORK HERALD 
BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. 
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, 
PROPRIETOR. 
NEW YORK. THURSDAY. OCTOBER 27. 1881. 
GENERAL GARFIELD'S WOUND. 
ECLECTIC SURGEONS CRITICISING THE LATE 
PRESIDENT'S PROFESSIONAL TREATMENT. 
The twenty-first annual meeting of the Eclectic 
Medical Society of the State of New York began yes- 
terday at Cooper Institute, the president, William 
H. Hawley, M. D., in the chair. During the after- 
noon session, in the course of an address upon 
"Malaria," Dr. Robert A. Gunn spoke at length upon 
the medical treatment in the case of the late Presi- 
dent. He severely criticised the action of the sur- 
geons and argued in support of the fallowing 
propositions:- 
First-The examinations made by the attending 
and consulting surgeons were not conducted as they 
should have been to have enabled them to make a 
correct diagnosis. Had they placed the patient in 
the position he was in at the time he was wounded 
they should have been able to trace the course of the 
ball. This should have been done as soon as the re- 
action from the shock bad taken place. 
Second-After the 23d of August every symptom in 
the case pointed to the existence of pyaemia, as can 
be proved by the surgical works of Hamilton and 
Agnew themselves as well as those of all other surgi- 
cal writers. The existence of three acknowledged 
abscesses unconnected with the wound, besides car- 
buncles, suppurating acne and bed sores, suffi- 
ciently disprove the claim that there was no pyiemia. 
Third-The wound was not necessarily fatal. 
Every time it was dressed the patient was twisted to 
one side and the greatest possible motion ot the in- 
jured spine was thus produced. This increased the 
inflammation and formation of pus and diminished 
the chances tor the patient's recovery. 
Fourth-The administration of morphine from the 
first disordered the stomach and rendered digestion 
and assimilation of nutriment impossible and thus 
complicated the case-depressing the vital energies 
and favoring the poisoning ot the system by the ab- 
sorption of pus liquor. 
Fifth-The administration of food by enemata is 
one of tile greatest fallacies the profession has ever 
advocated. Dozens of patients have been killed by 
this method ot feeding, and President Garfield's 
death was hastened by it. The treatment of Presi- 
dent Garfield was the most outrageous piece of mal- 
practice ever perpetrated, and the whole case from 
beginning to end was a disgrace to modern surgery. 
Dr. Gunn's remarks were applauded and evi- 
dently met with the approval of his auditors. At 
the evening session Dr. Alexander Wilder read a 
paper on "Monopoly in Medical Appointments in 
the United States Service and How to Secure Repre- 
sentation." He also took occasion to condemn the 
medical treatment of the late President. He said 
that the monument to his memory to be erected in 
Ohio will be a monument to commemorate medical 
malpractice. He asserted that the surgery in Gen- 
eral Garfield's case would have killed any well man 
present, and that had nature been let alone there 
would have been a possibility of recovery, inasmuch 
as the ball was encysted.