JI. JLQ). History of 
Medicine in-New York 
Three Centuries of Medical Progress 
BY 
JAMES J. WALSH, M.D., Ph.D., Sc.D. 
Member of the French, German and Italian Societies for the History of 
Medicine; author of History of Medical Society of the State 
of New York; Makers of Modern Medicine; Old-Time 
Makers of Medicine; Medieval Medicine; Psycho- 
therapy; The Popes and Science; The Cen- 
tury of Columbus; The Thirteenth 
Greatest of Centuries, etc. 
Volume V 
NATIONAL AMERICANA SOCIETY, Inc. 
NEW YORK 
1919 Copyright, 1919, 
National Americana Society, Inc. 
Press of 
J. J. Little & Ives Co. 
New York BIOGRAPHICAL BIOGRAPHICAL 
CTEPHEN SMITH BURT, A.M., M.D., Professor Emeritus of Medi- 
cine at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, 
is a descendant of a Puritan ancestry, who took a prominent part in 
the settlement of the country, and participated in the Colonial wars 
and the War of the Revolution. Henry Burt, the progenitor of the 
American branch of the family, came from Devonshire, England, 
about 1638, with his wife and three sons, and a large family of 
daughters, to Roxbury, Massachusetts; later he became one of the 
founders of Springfield, Massachusetts, was the original clerk of the 
writs of that town, was also chosen as one of the selectmen, being 
re-elected to the position many years, and he established the first 
military company in Springfield about the year 1647. It will be of 
interest to his descendants to know that recently, by chance, the mar- 
riage record of Henry Burt and his wife was discovered in Exeter, the 
county seat of Devonshire, namely: ' ' Marriage Licenses, December 23, 
1619, Henry Burt of Harbeter and Ulalia Marche of Dean Priory." 
Miss Marche was one of the Huguenots who sought refuge in England 
from persecutions in Artois and Normandy. The name Marche is 
that of a noble family in Artois, France, of which she was one of the 
younger branches. 
Nathaniel Burt, a son of Henry Burt, was the first man in Western 
New England to donate land on which to build a public school, and 
a monument has been erected in Longmeadow, Massachusetts, com- 
memorating this fact. From the family of Henry Burt have de- 
scended, among others, Rev. Dr. Ezra Stiles, president of Yale Col- 
lege in the eighteenth century; General Ethan Allen, the hero of 
Ticonderoga; Silas Wright, the one-time Governor of the State of 
New York, and likewise United States Senator; Dr. Oliver Wendall 
Holmes; Grover Cleveland, Governor of the State of New York, and 
President of the United States; General Andrew S. Burt; Silas Wright 
Burt, civil service reformer; and Professor Burt G. Wilder, of Cornell 
University. 
Dr. Burt's grandfather, Aaron Burt, was one of the founders of 
Syracuse, New York, and his father, Oliver Teall Burt, was a resi- 
dent of the same city and took a leading part in its social and busi- 
ness affairs. He was graduated from Union College in 1844, and for 
a while thereafter was a teacher in the Syracuse Academy. Here he 
taught Andrew D. White, afterwards President of Cornell University, 
and Ambassador to Germany, his first Latin grammar. This was 
the beginning between them of a life-long friendship. Oliver Teall 
Burt was united in marriage to Rebecca Johnston, a descendant of a 
227 228 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Scotch-Irish ancestry. She was prominent in the social life of Syra- 
cuse, and in a letter to her son, Dr. Burt, from his friend, Andrew D. 
White, in 1911, he said: "How well I remember her as a young lady; 
I thought then, and indeed I think now, of her as the most beautiful 
being I ever saw." 
Dr. Burt was born at Oneida, New York, November 1, 1850, and 
his literary education was obtained in the schools of West Newton, 
Massachusetts, Eagleswood Military Academy, Perth Amboy, New 
Jersey, the Edwards Place School at Stockbridge, Massachusetts, and 
at Cornell University during the first two years of its existence. 
In 1872 he entered for one year the medical department of Syracuse 
University, and entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons of 
New York in 1873 and was graduated from that college in 1875; he 
was the valedictorian of his class, this honor being decided by compe- 
tition. He received the honorary degree of Master of Arts in 1890 
from Yale College. In the fall of 1875 he was appointed interne at 
Roosevelt Hospital, serving for one year and a half, and in the spring 
of 1877 he began the private practice of his profession in New York 
City. Directly after the termination of his service at Roosevelt Hospi- 
tal, he was appointed attending physician of the out-door department 
for Diseases of the Heart and Lungs at Bellevue Hospital; received 
the appointment of instructor of Medicine and Physical Diagnosis 
in the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital in 1882 
(its beginning), and held the position of Professor of Medicine and 
Physical Diagnosis of the same institution until 1908, when he was 
made Professor Emeritus of Medicine and a member of the corpora- 
tion; was Professor of Thoracic Diseases in the University of Vermont 
during the years 1884 and 1885, was appointed pension surgeon in 
1877, and served as president of the board of United States Pension 
Surgeons of New York for eight years. 
Dr. Burt is the author of a textbook, entitled "Exploration of the 
Chest in Health and Disease," and he has also contributed the fol- 
lowing named medical pamphlets: "Single Uterus and Double Va- 
gina" (A. Y. Med. Jnl.), 1877; "A Clinic on Phthisis, Acute and 
Chronic, and Acute Miliary Tuberculosis" (N. Eng. Med. Jnl.), Sept. 
15, 1883; "A Clinic on Intercostal Neuralgia, Acute Pleurisy, Croup- 
ous Bronchitis, etc." (Canada Lancet'), Toronto, 1883; "Clinical Lec- 
ture on Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, with Special Reference to 
Physical Diagnosis" (N. Y. Med. Jnl.), April 26, 1885; "Remarks on 
Brights Disease" (The Post-Graduate), 1885; "Clinic on Heart 
Disease" (Med. and Surg. Reporter), Phila., Dec. 4, 1886; paper on 
"Pleurisy" (N. Y. Med. Jnl.), April 23, 1887; "Some of the Limita- 
tions of Medicine" (Pop. Sei. Monthly), July, 1889; "Views on the 
Prevention and Treatment of Typhoid Fever" (N. Y. Med. Jnl.), 
March 2, 1889; ' ' Pulmonary Consumption in the Light of Modern 
Research" (Med. Rec.), April 12, 1890; republished in Montreal, and 
reviewed July 26, 1890, by The Lancet (London); "Ethics of Ex- 
perimentation on Living Animals" (Post-Graduate), Jan., 1891; BIOGRAPHICAL 
229 
"Bacteriology and Preventive Medicine" (Post-Graduate}, April, 
1891; "A Flying Trip from New York to California" (Post-Gradu- 
ate}, March, 1892; "The Prevention of Intemperance" (Post-Gradu- 
ate}, Sept., 1892; "Valvular Heart Murmurs and their Significance" 
(Post-Graduate}, July, 1897; two articles-" Phophylaetic Treatment 
of Urethral Fever" and "Chlorosis" (Post-Graduate}, 1897; "Recol- 
lections and Reflections of a Quarter of a Century" (Post-Graduate}, 
May, 1899; "Thoracic Aneurism, Two Cases" (Med. Pec.}, April 28, 
1900; "Acute Yellow Atrophy of the Liver" (The Lancet} (London), 
May 19, 1900; "Multiple Metastatic Sarcomata of the Lungs" (Phila. 
Med. Jnl.}, Sept. 22, 1900; also translated into German and accepted 
for publication by the Berliner Klinisch Wochenschrift, Berlin, Ger- 
many, 1903; "Treatment of Typhoid Fever" (Med. News}, Oct. 20, 
1900; "Purpura Hemorrhagica or Morbus Maculosus of Werlhof" 
(Boston Med. and Surg. Jnl.}, Nov. 1, 1900, and republished in the 
(Indian Lancet}, Calcutta; seven brief medical papers-"Floating 
Spleen," "Fatty Cirrhosis of the Liver," "Amyloid Degeneration 
of the Kidney," "Typhoid Fever with Complications," "Diagnosis 
in the Light of a Necropsy," "Empyema," "Infectious Diseases," in 
the (Post-Graduate}, Sept. 1900, and all republished by the (Indian 
Lancet}, Calcutta; "Colloid Cancer of the Stomach and Omentum, 
Diagnosis by Abdominal Thoracentisis" (Post-Graduate}, Dec., 1901, 
republished in the (Indian Lancet}, Calcutta; also translated into 
German and published under title of " Gallertkrebs des Magens und 
des Omentums Diagnose durch Paracentese, " Deutsche Praxis, 
Munich, Jan. 10, 1902; "Pneumonia in the Light of Modern Re- 
search" (Med. Bec.}, Feb. 8, 1902, republished in the (Indian Lan- 
cet}, Calcutta, India; "Pneumonia; an Acute Self-limited Systemic 
Infection" (Am. Med.}, Phila., April 26,1902, republished in the (In- 
dian Lancet}, Calcutta, India; "Treatment of Pneumonia" (N. Y. 
Med. Bec.}, April 26, 1902, republished in the (Indian Lancet}, Cal- 
cutta, India; "Carcinoma of the Pancreas and its Diagnosis" (The 
Post-Graduate}, Oct., 1903; "Acute Tuberculosis Meningitis in an 
Adult" (The Post-Graduate}, Oct., 1903; "Adeno-Carcinoma of the 
Liver in Childhood" (The Post-Graduate}, Nov., 1903; "The Dangers 
of Opium in Pneumonia" (The Post-Graduate}, Jan., 1904, favorably 
discussed, in connection with a similar article in the Glasgow Medical 
Journal by Sir William T. Gairdner, in a two-column editorial in 
The Lancet (London), February 20, 1904; and editorials in The Post- 
Graduate at various times. In addition, "Recollection and Reflec- 
tions Chiefly of My Boyhood," G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1912, printed 
for private distribution; and occasional letters, under the signature, 
X-Ray, to the daily papers, upon various subjects, medical and 
otherwise. 
In a letter from Ex-president Charles W. Eliot, of Harvard Uni- 
versity, dated July 1, 1918, he wrote, "My dear Dr. Burt, I have read 
with much interest your paper of 1891, entitled 'Bacteriology and 
Preventive Medicine.' You were certainly much in advance of your 230 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
times in recognizing that preventive medicine is vastly more im- 
portant than curative medicine and surgery. I cordially sympathize 
with your mental satisfaction in having been a very early advocate 
of preventive medicine." 
Dr. Burt is a member of the New York Academy of Medicine, New 
York State Medical Society, New York County Medical Society, Hos- 
pital Graduates' Club, Kappa Alpha Society, Sons of the Revolution, 
Colonial Wars, Huguenot Society, and the Society of Founders and 
Patriots. He is interested in art, water-coloring being his pastime, 
and in the study of history and science; is a devotee of outdoor life 
and athletics, and is fond of vocal music, being a member for a 
number of years, and the former vice-president of The Choral Club 
under the leadership of Frank Damrosch. Dr. Burt was also an 
examiner for the Society for Instruction in First Aid to the Injured. 
"Some of the Limitations of Medicine" by him, published in the Popu- 
lar Science Monthly, was given a two-column commendatory editorial 
in the New York Medical Journal of Saturday February 2, 1889. 
He was for many years a subscribing member of the Newport Read- 
ing Room, and a member of the Cornell University Club of New York. 
In his younger days he enjoyed dancing, at which he was an adept, 
as a recreation. He belonged, among others, to what were then gen- 
erally known as Mrs. Sands ' Dancing Class, and to that of Mrs. John 
Hall. Dr. Burt likewise belonged to the Knickerbocker Bowling 
Club. 
In the "Text-Book of General and Special Pathology," by Dr. 
Henry T. Brooks, formerly Professor of Pathology at the New York 
Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, is the following in- 
scription: "To Stephen Smith Burt, A.M., M.D., Member of the 
New York Academy of Medicine; Emeritus Professor of Medicine at 
the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, etc.; 
accomplished Clinician and Scholar, this volume is affectionately 
dedicated." Dr. Burt's Text Book, entitled "Exploration of the 
Chest in Health and Disease," published in 1889 by D. Appleton & 
Company, was dedicated to his friend, D. B. St. John Roosa, M.D., 
LL.D., president of the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and 
Hospital. 
/'ANE of the most dominant and authoritative of the great leaders 
of the medical profession in America, a man whose influence in the 
fields to which he devoted his genius and indefatigable labors, was 
world wide, died in New York City, on December 13, 1917-Dr. 
Ramon Guiteras. 
Guiteras Arms, Spain.-Vert, five greyhounds' heads, erased proper, vulned, 
and distilling drops of blood gules, posed two, one and two. 
It would be difficult to find in the history of medicine in America in 
the past four decades, a man who has left a deeper impression on BIOGRAPHICAL 
231 
its pages, whose work has been a greater instrument in the advance- 
ment of medical science, whose research more daring, original and 
valuable than that of Dr. Guiteras. To find the measure of such a man 
it would be necessary to trace a history which extends far beyond 
the bounds of biography. In the field of surgery his reputation was 
worldwide, and his work had brought him recognition and acclaim in 
the great medical centres of Europe. Latin America hailed him as 
one of her own, and the United States had conferred on him from 
time to time recognition of the highest type in missions of great im- 
portance. In addition, he was known internationally as a sportsman 
and a hunter of big game, a linguist of wide abilities, and an author 
whose work carried weight in fields hitherto unexplored in the his- 
tory of medicine. No florid eulogy, however, could do the justice to 
the memory of such a man, which a plain, unvarnished statement of 
the facts of the case can do. 
Dr. Ramon Guiteras was born in the town of Bristol, Rhode 
Island, August 17, 1858, the son of the late Ramon and Elizabeth 
Manchester (Wardwell) Guiteras, descending paternally from a noted 
stock of pure Catalonian blood, maternally from a Puritan family as 
old and proud as the foremost in the land. The union of the two lines 
dates to the period when Bristol was a port of consequence in the 
West Indian trade, and in constant touch with Cuba. Ramon Guit- 
eras, Sr., was a Cuban gentleman, the owner of extensive plantations 
in the Island where he was bom and educated. He was a man of 
culture and a scholar, widely travelled, and an accomplished lin- 
guist. After his marriage to Elizabeth Manchester Ward well, of the 
Bristol Wardwells, in 1853, he left Cuba and his interests there, and 
made Bristol his home until his death in 1873. 
His son, the later Dr. Guiteras, a cousin of the celebrated Dr. Juan 
Guiteras, of Havana, was educated in the schools of Bristol, later 
prepared for college at Mowry and Goff's English and Classical School 
in Providence, and matriculated at Harvard University. Complet- 
ing the classical course, he entered Harvard Medical School, where 
even at this early date he was looked upon as a student of unusual 
promise. He secured the degree of M.D. in 1883. Shortly after his 
graduation he went to Vienna, after remaining there a year and half, 
then going to Berlin to study under the most eminent surgeons of the 
time. He remained in Berlin six months, at the end of this time 
returning to New York, where he took the naval medical examina- 
tion for the post of assistant surgeon. He passed the severe test with 
the highest honors of his class, and immediately after receiving his 
appointment, resigned, having taken it merely to test his ability. He 
then entered the Charity Hospital on Blackwell's Island, and after 
a period spent there, established himself in practice. 
He began almost at once to attract attention in medical circles for 
the profundity of his knowledge, specializing from the first on surg- 
ery. He was offered a professorship in the Post-Graduate Medical 
School, where he taught for a number of years, some of the foremost 232 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
men in the profession in the country sitting under him during this 
period. His rise to the highest rank in the medical world was rapid. 
His genius was of the type which automatically breaks down the bar- 
riers of professional jealousy. Leaders willingly accorded him the 
place to which his master hand entitled him, and he stepped into a 
place from which only death dislodged him. 
Dr. Guiteras was well known in all the organizations of the medi- 
cal professions. He was a member of the Rhode Island Medical Soci- 
ety, the Society of Genito-Urinary Surgeons; president of the Phar- 
maceutical Society; president of the Spanish American and Latin 
American Medical Association; member of the American Urological 
Association. He was secretary for many years of the Pan-American 
Medical Congress; member of the American Medical Association; 
fellow of the American College of Surgery; member of the State and 
County Medical Associations of New York, of the New York Acad- 
emy of Medicine, and the New York Urological Society. He was 
visiting surgeon of the Post-Graduate and Columbus hospitals, and 
consulting surgeon of the French and City hospitals; he was director 
of the former, and at one time one of its operating surgeons. His 
invaluable work among the poor patients in the Italian Hospital in 
New York brought him recognition from the Italian Government in 
the form of a gold medal. He was Professor of Venereal and Gen- 
ito-Urinary Surgery in the New York Post-Graduate Medical 
School. 
His work as an author, curtailed greatly by the demands of the 
medical profession, is limited to two volumes, of great importance and 
value, which are regarded as authoritative in the fields which they 
cover. One has been translated into several languages. A third, on 
which he was engaged at the time of his death, remains unfinished. 
Always a close student of conditions and life in Cuba, he was known 
widely as an authority on the Island, and had been entrusted with 
many secret missions by the United States Government. A year ago 
he was sent by President Wilson to Cuba to ascertain the sentiment of 
the people in regard to the European War. On his return he made a 
widely published statement of his findings there. For several years 
prior to his death he had been a member of numerous government 
advisory boards. After the outbreak of the European War he made 
several trips to France, in the capacity of advisory surgeon, 
and for research and study in the unexplored fields which France, 
torn and bleeding, opened for the healing ministry of modern 
surgery. 
The recreation of Dr. Guiteras was on as great a scale as his work. 
He was a world renowned hunter, of big game, known as a man devoid 
of fear, brave in the face of danger, and one who loved the zest of a 
combat. He had hunted in Africa and in many foreign countries, and 
was a skilled sportsman and a fine shot. 
Of Dr. Guiteras as a man, of his personality, a friend who knew him 
long and well, writes: " . . .A tall and commanding man, towering BIOGRAPHICAL 
233 
above all his companions, with that magnificent head, that majestic 
face, grave and serious, but with those great blue eyes lighting it, 
beaming with brotherly love and tenderness. And then what genial 
manners he had. . . . Yes, a mind of such power as few men possess, 
magnetism, that wonderful gift of persuading and influencing 
other men. And yet the thought never entered his mind of using any 
of these rich gifts for other than to heal the sick. He spent them 
freely as he received them, for the benefit of his fellow men. . . . 
While we may be proud of him as an eminent surgeon and physician, 
we revere and respect him most for the hours and days of free 
medical care he bestowed on the sick." 
A gentleman and a scholar, yet an untiring worker, a master sur- 
geon, in many ways an able diplomat, an author and teacher, a lin- 
guist of fine powers, a quite, lovable, retiring man, into whose short 
measure of a life time was crowded the work of many men, has gone 
at the height of a useful career, leaving a work the greatest of which 
will be measured by the number of men to whom will fall the task 
of carrying it forward. 
By unanimous vote, the following resolution was passed by the 
Executive Committee of the Spanish-American Medical Society on 
the 15th day of December, 1917: 
Resolved that we, the Executive Committee of the Spanish-American Medical 
Society, do extend our heart-felt sympathy to the family of our beloved and 
distinguished fellow member, Dr. Ramon Guiteras, who had the misfortune to 
pass into the next world in such a sudden manner as to have left all of us 
deeply grief-stricken. 
Dr. Guiteras was well known in the medical profession and accomplished for 
mankind, noble work which will always be remembered and looked up to by 
posterity. 
May he rest in peace, and be remembered forever as one of mankind's greatest 
benefactors. 
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE SPANISH- 
AMERICAN MEDICAL SOCIETY. 
M. Uribe Troncoso, M.D. 
President 
Anibal Zelaya, M.D. 
Secretary. 
At a meeting of the Medical Board of Columbus Hospital held 
on the 14th of December, 1917, the following resolution was 
adopted: 
WHEREAS DR. RAMON GUITERAS has been removed from among us by 
death, and 
WHEREAS DR. GUITERAS was for many years attending surgeon to Colum- 
bus Hospital and a member of this Board, 
RESOLVED that the Medical Board of Columbus Hospital have lost by the 
death of DR. RAMON GUITERAS a dear friend and a wise councilor and the 
Hospital has lost an efficient and energetic worker. For a period of over 
twenty years he planned and labored to make the hospital more useful and 
efficient; and throughout a busy professional career, he gave his services freely 
to the sick poor. His death will be deplored by members of the medical pro- 
fession throughout the world for he had friends among our colleagues in every 234 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
land. He was especially interested in urology in which branch of medicine he 
had attained eminence. 
RESOLVED that the Medical Board of Columbus Hospital extends its con- 
dolence and sympathy to the relatives; that these resolutions be spread on the 
minutes of the Board, arid published in the Medical Record, and a copy 
presented to the relatives. 
(Signed) Frederick C. Keller, Secretary. 
The Council of the Pan American Society of the United States, 
at a meeting held in the offices of the Society in New York, on 
January 30, 1918, directed that the following entry be made in the 
Minutes: 
The Council of the Pan American Society of the United States desires to 
record its deep sense of the loss to which the Society has suffered in the death, 
on the 13th of December last, of Dr. Ramon Guiteras. Preoccupied as he was 
with the pursuit of his chosen profession, in which he was alike distinguished 
as a practitioner, as a teacher, and as an author, he ever exhibited, as a member 
and as an officer of this Society, a ready and active interest in its welfare. As 
a beneficiary of the rare intelligence and broad sympathies which rendered his 
life exceptionally useful to his fellow men, the Society will hold him in grateful 
remembrance. 
It was resolved that a copy of this Minute be sent to Dr. Guiteras' sister, 
Miss Gertrude Guiteras, Bristol, Rhode Island. 
THE NEW YORK ATHLETIC CLUB 
The members of the New York Athletic Club, having been informed 
of the death of their late associate, Dr. Ramon Guiteras, herewith ex- 
tend to the family of the deceased their sincere sympathy. 
Graeme M. Hammond, 
President. 
New York, December 14, 1917. 
Mr. President: 
It is with deep regret that we announce to the Society the death of Doctor 
Ramon Guiteras. In the passing from us of Doctor Guiteras this Society suffers 
great loss, as the Doctor was devoted to its interests from its organization 
in 1889, when he was made its first president. He was not only a charter 
member, but was largely instrumental in starting the idea of forming the 
society. . . . 
Doctor Guiteras was always a worker, being full of energy whether engaged 
in science or sport. On his return to America, Doctor Guiteras entered the 
United States Navy as Assistant Surgeon, where he remained a short time. 
After leaving the Hospital he was appointed Attending Surgeon of the Out- 
patient department of Bellevue Hospital, also to the New York Dispensary, and 
was made Inspector of the Board of Health of this city. In 1892 he was 
appointed Visiting Surgeon to the City and French Hospitals, later to the 
Columbus Hospital, and in 1897 was made Surgeon to St. John's Guild Hos- 
pital. In 1903 he was appointed Consulting Surgeon to the Manhattan State 
Hospital. Two years later he received the appointment as Gynecologist to 
City Hospital, and in 1908 was made Consulting Surgeon for the latter. In 
1890 Doctor Guiteras began to teach Operative Surgery at the Post Graduate 
Medical School, and in 1894 he was made Professor of Operative Surgery, and 
this position he held until 1898 when he changed his chair for that of Genito- 
urinary Surgery. BIOGRAPHICAL 
235 
For the past sixteen years Doctor Guiteras has been Secretary of the Executive 
Committee of the Pan American Medical Congress. He was Secretary of the 
American Committee of the Fifteenth International Medical Congress in Lisbon, 
Portugal, in 1904, and official delegate of the same, as well as to the Eighteenth 
International Medical Congress in London in 1913. He was founder and first 
President of the American Urological Association and President of the Reno- 
Vesical Society. Doctor Guiteras made genito-urinary surgery his special study 
and wrote articles and monographs concerning his chosen field. His greatest 
work was "Urology" in two volumes, than which there is no superior at this 
time. At the time of his death he had a new edition nearly ready, the first 
having been issued in 1912. 
His Society membership included American Medical Association, Academy of 
Medicine, New York State and County Medical Societies, American Society of 
Tropical Medicine, Association of Military Surgeons of the United States, 
Society of Alumni of City (Charity) Hospital, Fellow of the American College 
of Surgeons, International Medical Association of Mexico and he was an 
honorary member of the Rhode Island Medical Society. His membership also 
included the Harvard Club, the New York Athletic Club, the New York Yacht 
Club, The Players, etc. 
Doctor Guiteras was a great sportsman, and made more than one trip to 
Africa in search of big game. 
Doctor Guiteras died of meningitis in the French Hospital, December 13, 
1917. He was not married, but is mourned by many friends here and abroad. 
(Signed) George H. Mallett, 
William L. Stowell, 
Committee. 
TA EWITT STETTEN, M.D., F.A.C.S., eminent surgeon of New 
York City, was born in that place, January 22, 1881, a son of 
Joseph and Bella (Rosenthal) Stetten. He graduated at the New 
York public schools, 1894, receiving the Pulitzer Scholarship under 
which he studied at the Horace Mann High School, graduating in 
1897, and at the College of Physicians and Surgeons (Columbia Uni- 
versity), graduating therefrom with the degree of M.D., 1901. He 
was house surgeon at Lenox Hospital, 1901-04; post-graduate student, 
University of Vienna, February, 1904, to May, 1904; voluntary assist- 
ant at the Pathological Institute, University of Prague, under Pro- 
fessor Chiari, June, 1904, to October, 1904; voluntary assistant at 
the Surgical Clinic, University of Breslau, under Professor J. Von 
Mikulicz, 1904-5. Since his return from Europe in 1905, has been 
engaged in the active practice of his profession in New York, and in 
1907 was licensed to practice in New Jersey. From 1905 to 1908 was 
engaged in general practice, making a specialty of surgery and anaes- 
thesia, and since 1908 his practice has been confined exclusively to 
general surgery. He was instructor in clinical surgery, Columbia 
University, 1909-18; anaesthetist to Lenox Hill Hospital, 1905-08; 
assisting visiting surgeon to Sydenham Hospital, 1907-08; assisting 
visiting surgeon to Lenox Hill Hospital since 1908; attending surgeon 
to Lenox Hill Hospital Dispensary, 1905-11; assisting surgeon to 
Mount Sinai Hospital Dispensary, 1906-07. 
As a contributor to medical literature Dr. Stetten's more important 
writings are as follows: 236 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
"The Experiments of Sauerbruch in the Field of (Esophageal Surgery," N. Y. 
Med. Jour., 1905, Ixxxi, June 10. "Two Unusual Cases of Varis," N. Y. Med. 
Jrnl., 1906, Ixxxiii, Nov. 3. "Treatment of Abscesses by Puncture and Dis- 
infection Without Incision and Drainage," Am. Med. Ass., 1907, xlviii, 1600. 
"The Modern Administration of General Anaesthesia in Mouth, Nose and Pharynx 
Surgery," N. Y. Med. Jrnl. & Med. News, 1908, Ixxxvii, July 18. "Musculo-Spiral 
(Radial) Paralysis Due to Dislocations of the Head of the Radius, with Especial 
Reference to those Cases Complicating Fracture of the Ulna," Ann. Surg., 1908, 
xlviii, 275. "Zur Frage der sogenannten Madelung'schen Deformitat des Haud- 
gelenkes, mit besonderer Rucksicht auf eine umgekehrte Form derselben," Zentr. 
fur Chir., 1908, xxxv, 949. "Idiopathic Progressive Curvature of the Radius 
or So-Called Madelung's Deformity of the Wrist (Carpus Varus and Carpus 
Valgus)," Surg. Gyn. & Obst., 1909, viii, 4. "The Submucous Lipoma of the 
Gastro-Intestinal Tract, ' ' Surg. Gyn. & Obst., 1909, ix, 156. ' ' The Co-Existence 
of Tuberculosis and Carcinoma in the Same Portion of the Intestine," Festschrift 
zur Vierzigjahrigen Stiftungsfeier des Deutschen Hosp., Lemke & Buechner, 
N. Y., 1909, 344. "The Radical Extirpation of Pharyngoesophageal Pressure 
Diverticula," Ann. of Surg., 1910, li, 300. "The Primary Malignant Neoplasms 
of the Spermatic Cord," Am. Jrnl. of Urology, 1911, vii, 287. "The Present 
Status and Future Scope of Thoracic Surgery," Med. Rec., Ixxxix, Feb. 15. 
' ' The Conservative Treatment of Diabetic Gangrene of the Lower Extremity, ' ' 
Journ. Am. Med. Ass., 1913, lx, 1126. "Book Review," "The Pituitary Body and 
its Disorders," by Harvard Cushing, M.D., Phila. & London, 1912. With Dr. 
Jacob Rosenblum "Metabolism Studies in case of Hypopituiterism with In- 
fantalism of the Lorain Type," Proceedings of the Soc. for Exp. Biology & Med., 
1913, x, 100. "Angulation of the Junction of the Hepatic and Common Ducts 
after Cholecystostomy, Simulating Common Duct Obstruction," Ann. of Surg., 
1913, Ivii, 182. "A Method of Ventrofixation Combined with Certain Tubal 
Sterilization by Means of Extra-Abdominal Displacement," Surg., Gyn. & Obst., 
1913, xvii, 120. With Dr. Jacob Rosenblum "Clinical and Metabolic Studies 
of a case of Hypopituitarism Due to Cyst of the Hypophysis with Infantilism of 
the Lorain Type (So-Called Typus Froehlich or Adiposo-genital Dystrophy of 
Bartels)," Am. Jour. Med. Sciences, 1913, cxlvi, 731. "Periarticular Suppuration 
of Pure Gonococcic Origin (With a Note on the Viability of the Gonococcus 
in the Soft Tissues)," Arch, of Diag. N. Y., Jan., 1914. "The Futility of 
Arteriovenous Anastomosis in the Treatment of Impending Gangrene of The 
Lower Extremity," Surg., Gyn. & Obst., 1915, xx, 381. With Dudley Roberts, 
M.D., Major, M.C., U. S. Army "Ventricular Drainage by Puncture of the 
Corpus Callosum in Acute Obstructive Hydrocephalus Due to Epidemic Cere- 
brospinal Meningitis," Jour. Am. Med. Ass., 1919, Ixxii, 244. 
Dr. Stetten is a member of the American Medical Association; New 
York State Medical Society; New York County Medical Society; 
American College of Surgeons; New York Academy of Medicine; New 
York Surgical Society; Alumni Association of the Lenox Hill Hospi- 
tal; Clinical Society of the Lenox Hill Hospital and Dispensary (was 
secretary for ten years) ; Association of Military Surgeons of the 
United States Society of Medical Jurisprudence; New York Physi- 
cians' Mutual Aid Association; National Tuberculosis Association; 
American Society for the Control of Cancer; Harlem Medical Society; 
Metropolitan Medical Society; and fellow of the American College of 
Surgeons. 
Dr. Stetten was a member of the First Battalion Naval Militia, 1898- 
1902; First Lieutenant, Medical Reserve Corps, 1915-17; Captain, 
Medical Reserve Corps, 1917-18; Major, Medical Reserve Corps, since BIOGRAPHICAL 
237 
August 20, 1918. On active duty since September 17, 1917, Neurologi- 
cal Surgery School, University of Pennsylvania, to December 1, 1917; 
assistant chief and acting chief, Surgical Service, United States Army 
General Hospital, No. 1 (Columbia War Hospital), Williamsbridge, 
New York, January 2, 1918, to October 29, 1918; chief of Surgical 
Service, United States Army, Embarkation Hospital, No. 4, New York 
City, since October 30, 1918. 
On April 23, 1906, Dr. Stetten was married to Magdalen Ernst, and 
they have children: Margaret, born March 6, 1907; Dewitt, Jr., born 
May 31, 1909. 
VAfALTER ARTHUR BASTEDO is a native of Newmarket, On- 
' ' tario, Canada, and graduated from the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons of New York City in 1899. He received the degree of 
Ph. G. from the College of Pharmacy, Columbia University, in 1894, 
and that of M.D. from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1899. 
Dr. Bastedo has always practiced his profession in New York City. 
He is a fellow of the American Medical Association of the New York 
Academy of Medicine; a member of the Gastro-Enterological Society 
and the Alumni Association of St. Luke's Hospital. He is attending 
physician at the City Hospital on Blackwell's Island; associate attend- 
ing physician at St. Luke's Hospital; consulting physician at St. Vin- 
cent's Hospital of the Borough of Richmond, and gastro-enterologist 
at the Staten Island Hospital. Dr. Bastedo's residence and office are 
at No. 57 West Fifty-eighth Street. 
ALBERT HEMAN ELY, B.A., M.D., eminent specialist in Gynae- 
cology, and Gynaecological Surgery, is a profound scholar in medi- 
cal science and holds a recognized place of prominence among New 
York medical men. Equally distinguished as an instructor, Dr. Ely has 
always made himself felt, and is everywhere and all the time rendering 
faithful service to his kind. Whether as scholar, author, educator, or 
physician, or as a prominent personality in the affairs of the leading 
medical institutions of the city, he is characterized by abilities of a 
high order and his native talents, developed by solid acquirments and 
disciplined by an extensive practice, give to him an exceptional equip- 
ment of learning and skill. 
Albert Hernan Ely was born in Elyria, Ohio, November 22, 1860. 
The ancestors of Dr. Ely were the foremost citizens of Elyria, which 
town was founded and named by Heman Ely, grandfather of Dr. 
Ely, who was one of the pioneers of the Western Reserve. Heman 
Ely was a son of Justin Ely, of West Springfield, Massachusetts, and 
was descended from Nathaniel and Richard Ely, who were among the 
earliest settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, coming to Cambridge 
in 1634. They were numbered among the original proprietors of 
Hartford, Connecticut, where they removed in 1636, in company with 238 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
the Rev. Thomas Hooker to found the first settlement. Dr. Ely is a 
son of Hernan and Mary (Day) Ely. His mother was a daughter of 
Thomas Day of Hartford, Conn., and niece of Jeremiah Day, D.D., 
LL.D., who was president of Yale University for twenty-nine years, 
retiring in 1846, when he was elected a member of the corporation, 
which connection he continued until his death in New Haven, August 
22, 1867. Heman Ely, father of Dr. Ely, was a resident of Elyria, 
where he held a prominent place in banking circles. He was a promi- 
nent Mason, and Grand Treasurer of the Supreme Council of the 
Order for twenty-four years. 
Dr. Albert H. Ely received his education at Brooks School, Cleve- 
land, Ohio, Phillips Exeter Academy of Andover, Massachusetts, and 
graduated from Yale University in 1885 with the degree of Bachelor 
of Arts. In 1888 he graduated from the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons of New York, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine, later be- 
coming identified with St. Luke's Hospital, where he remained for one 
year and a half, afterwards pursuing his studies abroad in Vienna, 
Austria, and the Rotunda Maternity Hospital, of Dublin, Ireland. 
Returning to his country, in 1890, he engaged in the private practice 
of his profession in New York City, where he is still successfully 
engaged with offices at 47 West 56th Street, making a specialty of 
gynecology and gynecological surgery. Dr. Ely was for six years 
gynecologist to Roosevelt Hospital in the out-patient department, and 
was also a lecturer on gynecology at the Polyclinic Hospital, and in 
1896 became attending gynecologist at the City Hospital. In the 
field of authorship, he is well known to the profession as an able 
writer on medical subjects, and for his valuable treatises dealing 
with gynecology, which articles have been received by the various 
medical bodies with favorable attention, and have also appeared in 
medical journals. Dr. Ely is a member of the New York Academy of 
Medicine, the County Medical Society, Obstetrical Society, the Alumni 
Association of St. Luke's Hospital, and the Therapeutic Club; while 
socially he is a member of the University and Yale Clubs of New York 
City, and the Southampton Club, of Long Island. 
October 7, 1891, Dr. Ely married at Rochester, New York, Maud 
Louise Merchant. 
AA/ILLTAM SOHIER BRYANT, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.S., successful 
'' aural surgeon of New York City, and noteworthy achievements 
in otological research, was born in Boston, Massachusetts, May 15, 
1861, the son of Henry and Elizabeth Brimmer (Sohier) Bryant. Dr. 
Bryant is in descent from Rollo, through Count Godfrey de Brion. 
The association of the Bryant family with American history extends 
back to early Colonial days, William Bryant, the American progenitor 
of the family, having settled in Boston about 1677. 
Dr. Bryant was educated at St. Paul's School, Concord, New 
Hampshire, and subsequently was prepared for entrance to Harvard 
University by private tutors. Having matriculated at Harvard in BIOGRAPHICAL 
239 
1881, he entered upon the advanced academic course, and in 1884 
was graduated as Bachelor of Arts. Thereafter he transferred his 
study to Harvard Medical School, from which he was graduated in 
1888 as Doctor of Medicine, in the same year being awarded the Har- 
vard classical degree, Master of Arts. 
Since that time Dr. Bryant has advanced to high standing in the 
profession as a specialist in otology, rhinology and laryngology. In 
1888, after having received his degree as Doctor of Medicine, he 
opened office for general practice in Boston, Massachusetts, and be- 
came identified with the Boston Dispensary, as aural surgeon. During 
the years 1890-96 he was assistant in anatomy and otology at Harvard 
Medical School, and also acted as assistant aural surgeon at the 
Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary. 
At the outbreak of the Spanish-American War, in 1898, Dr. Bryant 
volunteered his services and was commissioned first lieutenant and 
assistant surgeon of the First Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, United 
States Volunteers. In July of that year he was commissioned by 
President McKinley as major and brigade surgeon of Volunteers, 
serving with Major-General Fitzhugh Lee, in Seventh Army Corps 
until May, 1899, being attached during field service at Jacksonville, 
Florida, to the staff of Brigadier-General William A. Bancroft. Dur- 
ing his military service Dr. Bryant filled many medical positions, was 
brigade surgeon of several brigades, was in command of Division 
Hospital, receiving promotion to rank of chief surgeon of division, 
and later to chief surgeoncy of United States forces, at Savannah, 
Georgia. He remained in the national service in that capacity until 
the forces were disbanded in 1899. In August 20, 1898, he reported 
to the military authorities the significant influence of flies in the 
spread of typhoid fever. Altogether, Dr. Bryant has had almost con- 
tinuous connection with military forces since 1883, having been a 
member of the Massachusetts National Guard from that year until 
1898, and he is now major of United States Army Medical Reserve 
Corps, serving in France as a volunteer in the French army. 
In his practice of medicine from the close of the Spanish-American 
War until the present, Dr. Bryant has lived in New York City, and 
has been appointed to many important positions; in 1903 he ac- 
cepted the duties of instructor of otology at the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons, Columbia University; and his subsequent appoint- 
ments have been: Clinical assistant in the department of otology at 
Vanderbilt Clinic, New York; assistant aural surgeon, St. Bartholo- 
mew's Clinic, New York; clinical instructor and attending surgeon, 
otological department, Cornell University Medical School; physician 
in class of nose, throat, and ear diseases at Presbyterian Hospital; 
and adjunct professor of the department of diseases of the ear, New 
York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital. Since 1906, Dr. 
Bryant has been consulting otologist to Manhattan State Hospital, and 
since 1907 senior assistant surgeon, aural department, New York 
Eye and Ear Infirmary. 240 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Dr. Bryant has pursued exhaustive and very productive research 
in the clinical side of otology, and has devised many improvements 
in the medical management and surgical treatment of suppurative and 
non-suppurative diseases of the middle ear, especially in middle ear 
catarrh, otosclerosis, middle ear suppuration, and mastoid surgery. 
He devised an operation for radical cure of chronic suppuration, with 
preservation of the middle ear structures, and the auditory functions. 
Dr. Bryant was the first physician to describe the values in veins of 
human intestines. He has also made important original researches 
into the functions and anatomy of the Eustachian tube, his dis- 
coveries causing him to propose a theory of sound-perception in 
opposition to the theories of Helmholtz and various other histologists 
and physiologists. 
Dr. Bryant has been active in the proceedings of many leading 
medical and scientific organizations; he was delegate to the Inter- 
national Congress of Arts and Sciences, in 1904, at St. Louis, Mis- 
souri; and to the seventh, eighth and ninth International Otological 
congresses; the fourth, fifth and sixth Pan-American Medical con- 
gresses; the sixth, seventh and eighth congresses of American Physi- 
cians and Surgeons; and the fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth 
International Medical Congresses. He holds membership in the 
following: American Academy of Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryn- 
gology, American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological So- 
ciety, American Medical Association, American Otological Society, 
the Boston Society of Medical Sciences, Boston Medical Library, Har- 
vard Medical Society of New York, Harvard Medical Alumni Asso- 
ciation, Massachusetts Medical Society, Massachusetts Medical Benev- 
olent Society, Association of Military Surgeons of the United States, 
the New York Otological Society, the Medical Society of the State of 
New York, the New York Academy of Medicine, the New York Phy- 
sicians' Mutual Aid Association, the New York County Medical Asso- 
ciation, the Medical Association of the Greater City of New York, the 
Clinical Society of Presbyterian Hospital, Boston Society of Natural 
History, Manhattan Medical Association, the American Association 
for Sanitary and Moral Prophylaxis, and the New York Post-Gradu- 
ate Medical Association. Dr. Bryant is an ex-president of the Har- 
vard Medical Society; ex-chairman of the section of Laryngology and 
Otology of the American Medical Association; and holds the distinc- 
tion of fellowship of the American College of Surgeons. He belongs 
to many other historical, patriotic and social societies, among which 
are: Century Club of New York, New York University Club, Loyal 
Legion, Military Order of Foreign Wars, Naval and Military Order 
of the Spanish-American War, Spanish War Veterans Association, 
Sons of Revolution, Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati, Holland 
Lodge, Huguenot Society of America, New England Society of New 
York, Society of Colonial Wars, Society of Mayflower Descendants, 
Sons of Veterans, Knights Templar, Masonic Order, thirty-second de- 
gree; Delta Kappa Epsilon, Zeta Phi, and St. Nicholas Society. He 
also belongs to the Harvard and Porcellian clubs. BIOGRAPHICAL 
241 
Dr. Bryant has been a masterful writer on medical subjects, having 
contributed more than two hundred articles and monographs to lead- 
ing medical periodicals. He was the author of the ear section of 
Knight and Bryant's "Nose, Throat, and Ear." Dr. Bryant's resi- 
dence is at No. 19 West Fifty-fourth street. 
WILLIAM BRADLEY COLEY, M.D., B.A., F.A.C.S., M.A., Pro- 
¥ ' fessor of Clinical Surgery at the Cornell University Medical 
College, New York City, was born in Westport, Connecticut, January 
12, 1862, son of Horace Bradley and Clarine Bradley (Wakeman) 
Coley. 
Until the age of thirteen years he attended the district school in 
Coleytown, Westport, Connecticut. During the following two years 
he attended the Greens Farms Academy, and later a private school 
conducted by the Rev. James E. Coley, of Westport, Connecticut. The 
last year of college preparation was spent at the Easton Academy 
under Professor John MacNiel. Dr. Coley entered Yale College in 
September, 1880, and was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of 
Arts in June, 1884. Immediately after leaving college he accepted 
the position of senior master in the Bishop Scott Grammar School in 
Portland, Oregon, remaining there for two years and teaching Latin 
and Greek. Dr. Coley decided to take up the career of medicine a 
year before entering Yale, and the last year at Portland spent his 
spare time in the study of physiology and anatomy. On returning 
East, in 1886, he entered the Harvard Medical School in Boston, 
where he completed a three years ' course in two years, and graduated 
with the degree of Doctor of Medicine, in June, 1888. 
In a competitive examination in New York he secured an appoint- 
ment as interne at the New York Hospital, where he served on the 
surgical service of Dr. Robert F. Weir and Dr. William T. Bull from 
October, 1888, to June, 1890. His interneship under such masters of 
surgery was of the greatest value to him and furnished a stimulus that 
continued to act for many years to come. In 1891 Dr. Coley was ap- 
pointed instructor in surgery at the New York Post-Graduate School 
and Hospital, holding the appointment for six years, when he ac- 
cepted the position of Assistant Professor of Clinical Surgery at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York City, afterwards 
the medical department of Columbia University. He continued to 
hold this position until 1909, when he was appointed Professor of 
Clinical Surgery at the Cornell University Medical School, New 
New York City, which position he holds at the present time. Dr. 
Coley became a member of the staff of the Hospital of the New 
York Society for the Relief of Ruptured and Crippled, in 1890, and 
has continued to serve this institution up to the present time, the 
last ten years as attending surgeon to the Hernia Department. 
As early as 1890 Dr. Coley began to devote special attention to 
the study of malignant disease, and in 1892 published his first paper 
founded on original experiments in inoculating patients suffering 
from inoperable malignant tumors, with the living cultures of strep- 242 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
tococcus of erysipelas. Shortly after, the method was modified, 
adding the bacillus prodigiosus and using the toxins obtained from 
killed cultures instead of the living germs. The method proved 
of distinct value in cases of hopelessly inoperable sarcoma, and is 
one of the few methods of treating inoperable cancer that has stood 
the test of time, many of the earlier cases being still alive at the 
present time, more than twenty years after treatment. The earlier 
experimental work was done with the generous assistance and co- 
operation of Dr. William T. Bull, at the New York Cancer Hospital, 
now the Memorial Hospital. Dr. Coley has been attending surgeon 
at this hospital since 1892 up to the present time. Through him Mrs. 
Collis P. Huntington gave $100,000, in memory of her husband, 
to endow the Collis P. Huntington Fund for Cancer Research, one of 
the earliest special funds for scientific cancer research in the world. 
Dr. Coley was originally the secretary of the special committee in 
charge of the fund, and since the death of Dr. William T. Bull, has 
been chairman of the fund. The research work, under the auspices 
of the Fund, has been conducted at the Cornell University Medical 
School and the Memorial Hospital under the direction of Professor 
B. H. Buxton and Professor James Ewing. Through Dr. Coley and 
Dr. Ewing, Dr. James Douglas soon became greatly interested in the 
work of the Memorial Hospital, and in 1912 gave the hospital $100,000 
for the endowment of twenty beds to be devoted to cancer research. 
Since that time he has further contributed more than half a million 
dollars to the endowment of the hospital, and in addition has donated 
a very large amount of radium, thus making this hospital one of the 
greatest institutions for cancer research either here or abroad. In 
1910 the honorary degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon Dr. 
Coley by Yale University, and the following year, 1911, he received 
the same distinction from Harvard University. 
In July, 1909, Dr. Coley was invited to deliver an address before 
the Royal Society of Medicine in London on his original method of 
treating inoperable sarcoma with the mixed toxins of erysipelas and 
bacillus prodigiosus, and in 1911 Dr. Coley received an invitation 
from President Segond to read a paper before the French Congress 
of Surgeons in Paris. He has contributed extensively to the biology 
of the medical world; the majority of his writings have been on special 
subjects, i.e., Hernia and Malignant Tumors. In addition to his 
chapter on "Hernia" in Progressive Medicine, published each year, 
he has contributed to Keen's, and the International Text-Book of 
Surgery, and is also author of the article on "Cancer" in the Twen- 
tieth Century Practice of Medicine, Vol. XVII. In 1893 he published 
his first paper upon the radical cure of hernia in children, with a 
report of fifty-one cases, which paper brought forth from some sur- 
geons the criticism that hernia in children should not be operated 
upon, inasmuch as it could always be cured by mechanical means. 
Replying to this criticism, Dr. Coley made an analysis of upward of 
fifteen thousand cases of hernia in adults observed at the Hospital of 
the New York Society for the Relief of Ruptured and Crippled, his BIOGRAPHICAL 
243 
object being to ascertain as nearly as possible how many gave a 
history of hernia in infancy and childhood. A careful study of 
these cases warranted the conclusion that at least one-third of all 
infants and children under fourteen years with inguinal hernia are 
not cured by mechanical treatment, and hence the employment of 
operative methods in hernia occurring in children is entirely justified, 
provided those methods are free from risk. These views were ac- 
cepted by the profession at large a few years later. 
Among his important monographs published since then are: 
"The Radical Cure of Inguinal Hernia in the Female" (Annals of Surg., 
1910); "Industrial Accidents in Relation to the Development of Hernia" 
(Internt. Jour, of Surg., Feb., 1908); "A Clinical Report of Operative Surgery 
in the Service of Dr. Wm. T. Bull" (N. Y. Med. Jour., April 18-Aug. 29, 1891); 
"Injury as a Causative Factor in Cancer" (Annals of Surg., April and May, 
1911, and Trans, of Southern Surg. and Gynecol. Assn., 1910); "Contribution 
to the Study of Sarcoma of the Femur" (Annals of Surg., July, 1913, and 
Trans, of Amer. Surg. Assn., 1913); "Some Problems in the Early Diagnosis 
and Treatment of Sarcoma of the Long Bones" (Annals of Surg., Nov., 1914, and 
Amer. Surg. Assn., May, 1913); "Primary Neoplasms of the Lymphatic Glands- 
including Hodgkin's Disease" (Trans, of the Amer. Surg. Assn., 1915); "Mel- 
anotic Cancer" with a report of ninety cases-by W. B. Coley and J. P. Houget 
(Trans, of the Amer. Surg. Assn., 1916); "The Treatment of Inoperable 
Sarcoma by Bacterial Toxins (the Mixed Toxins of the Streptococcus erysipelas 
and the Bacillus prodigiosus) " (Procds. of the Royal Socy. of Med., London, 
Nov., 1909); "The Treatment of Inoperable Sarcoma of the Long Bones with a 
Report of 200 cases" (Trans, of Amer. Surg. Assn., 1917). 
Dr. Coley is a fellow of the American Surgical Association, fellow 
of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association, fellow of the 
American College of Surgeons, member of the New York Academy of 
Medicine, of the Medical Society of the State of New York, of the 
County of New York Medical Society, of the American Medical Asso- 
ciation, of the New York Surgical Society, of the Pathological Society, 
and the Harvard Medical Society of New York, of which organization 
he was president in 1902, and the Therapeutic Club. Socially, he 
belongs to the Yale, Harvard, University and Grolier clubs. 
When Mr. Roosevelt was President of the United States, Dr. Coley 
received the commission of first lieutenant in the Medical Reserve 
Corps, and in 1917 was made a major in the Medical Reserve Corps. 
In 1891 Dr. Coley married Alice Lancaster, of Newton, Massachu- 
setts, the daughter of Charles B. Lancaster. Their children were: 
Bradley Lancaster, born January 23, 1892; Malcolm, born November 
28, 1896 (died five years later) ; and Helen Lancaster, born Sep- 
tember 2, 1907. 
Dr. Coley, whose life has been such a distinguished one in the 
medical affairs of the principal city of the Empire State, comes of 
very old Colonial stock. On the paternal side, he is a descendant in 
the ninth generation from Samuel Coley, who in 1639 became one of 
the pioneer settlers of Milford, Connnecticut. On the maternal side 
he is descended from the Rev. John Wakeman, the second Congre- 
gational minister to settle in the town of Fairfield, Connecticut, and 244 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
son of Samuel Wakeman, a prominent citizen of Hartford, Connecti- 
cut, who served as treasurer of the New Haven Colony in 1656. His 
maternal grandfather was Nathan Wheeler, descendant of Thomas 
Wheeler, who settled in Poquonock, Connecticut, prior to 1636. 
L^LOYD MILFORD CRANDALL, M.D., general practitioner of 
medicine, of all-round capability, equally skilled in the medical 
and surgical branches of his profession, and former president of the 
pediatrics section of the New York Academy of Medicine, and emi- 
nent author of medical literature, is one of New York's representative 
medical men. Of the scholarly type of physician, Dr. Crandall's suc- 
cess has been founded upon comprehensive research, wide and varied 
experience, together with a long and extensive practice. Whether as 
scholar, physician, author, lecturer, or instructor in medical colleges, 
or as important factor in medical institutions, Dr. Crandall is char- 
acterized by abilities of a high order. 
Floyd M. Crandall was born in Belfast, New York, May 2, 1858, a 
son of Charles Milford Crandall, M.D., and Deborah J. (Wood) 
Crandall. His father was a prominent physician of Western New 
York, former member of the State Legislature, and well known as 
the author of much important medical and sanitary legislation. Dr. 
Crandall comes of an ancient and honorable Colonial ancestry in this 
country. An extract from "Universities and their Sons" by Gen- 
eral Joshua L. Chamberlain, former Governor of Maine, is the fol- 
lowing : 
The first of the family in this country was the Rev. John Crandall, who arrived 
in Boston in 1634, and with two companions followed Roger Williams into the 
wilderness in 1636, in quest of religious freedom. In 1851 he returned to Boston, 
only to be imprisoned for preaching the heretical doctrine of freedom of wor- 
ship. His descendants lived in Rhode Island until early in the last (nineteenth) 
century, when some of them removed to the western part of the state of New 
York. Members of the Crandall family fought in most of the colonial wars, 
the Revolution, the War of 1812, and the Civil War. Dr. Crandall is in the 
seventh generation from the Rev. John Crandall. The maiden name of Dr. 
Crandall's mother was Deborah J. Wood, she was a daughter of Alva Wood, 
and belonged to a family that came to Middlebury, Massachusetts, in the latter 
part of the seventeenth century. Some of its members removed to Woodstock, 
Vermont, and thence to Genesee county, in western New York, in 1821. Another 
ancestor of Dr. Crandall's was Nicholas Du Puy, who came from France, settled 
upon an island in the Delaware River above the Water Gap, and there led a 
feudal career. His granddaughter, who was Dr. Crandall's great-grandmother, 
married Cornelius Van Campen, a member of one of the old Dutch families of 
New York. 
Floyd M. Crandall received a liberal classical education at the 
Genesee Seminary, and the Geneseo Normal School, and while at the 
latter institution his studies were brought to an abrupt termination 
by the temporary failure of his eyesight. At the end of one year, 
however, he resumed his studies at the Normal School, graduating 
therefrom. While still an undergraduate, in 1879, when scarcely 
twenty-one years of age, he was appointed principal of the Genesee 
Seminary, in which responsible position he remained for two years, BIOGRAPHICAL 
245 
relinquishing his appointment in 1881. He then entered upon the 
study of medicine at the New York University Medical College, from 
which institution he graduated in 1884 with the degree of M.D. He 
became an interne at the Bellevue Hospital for one year, and the 
second year was house physician at the same institution, and later he 
engaged in the private practice of his profession in New York, where 
he has since successfully continued. Dr. Crandall has held several 
hospital appointments; he was attending physician, out-patient de- 
partment, Bellevue Hospital, from 1886 to 1889; attending physician 
of North-Western Dispensary, 1889-90; assistant surgeon, Skin and 
Cancer Hospital, 1890-95; visiting physician of Minturn Hospital, 
1887-1900; visiting physician of Randall's Island Hospital, 1894-97; 
consulting physician of Randall's Island Infants ' and Children's Hos- 
pital, 1897 to the present time. He was clinical assistant in the New 
York Medical College, 1886-88; instructor in the New York Poly- 
clinic Medical School, 1888-89; lecturer in same institution, 1889-93, 
and adjunct professor of same from 1893 to 1901. 
Dr. Crandall's exhaustive research and extensive knowledge of 
the science of medicine, aided by a literary ability of high order, 
brought his name frequently into professional prominence in medical 
journals and literature; he was a member of the editorial staff of 
the New York Medical Journal from 1889 to 1893, in the latter 
year severing his editorial connection with the well-known journal to 
assume the managing editorship of The Gaillard Medical Journal, 
which chair he held until 1895, when he became editor of "Archives 
of Pediatrics," with which publication he remained identified in that 
capacity until 1901. He has been associate editor of "Sajous's Medi- 
cal Annual, ' ' and has contributed approximately one hundred articles 
to periodical medical literature, among which may be mentioned 
articles on: "Malaria in Children," 1887; "Diarrhoeal Diseases of 
Children," (Archives of Pediatrics, 1889) ; "A Clinical Study of One 
Hundred and Forty-two Cases of Heart Disease," (ibid., 1891) ; 
"Management of the New-Born Infant," (N. Y. Med. Jnl., 1892) ; 
"Types of Gastro-Intestinal Disease Prevalent in New York," (ibid., 
1893); "Scoroutus in Infants," (ibid., 1894); "Malarial Fever in 
Infants," (N. Y. Polyclinic Jnl., 1893) ; "Heredity and Degenera- 
tion," (Archives of Pediatrics, 1897) ; "Prevention of Infectious 
Diseases," (Med. News, 1900) ; "Practical Food Prescribing," (Med. 
News, 1901) ; "A Century of Vaccination," (Amer. Med., 1901) ; 
"The Personal Liberty Plea," (N. Y. Med. Jnl., 1902). In addition 
to this, Dr. Crandall has more than one volume of medical literature 
to his credit as author. Mention might herein be made of his 
work, "Preventive Medicine," published in 1902. 
Dr. Crandall's work has received acknowledgment in official places 
of honor tendered him by many leading medical organizations; he 
was president of the Pediatrics section of the New York Academy of 
Medicine in 1895; was president of the New York County Medical 
Society in 1906; was appointed to the New York State Board of Ex- 
aminers ; and for many years has held active membership in the follow- 246 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
ing: American Medical Association; American Pediatric Society j 
National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis; 
Academy of Medicine; the Medical Society of the State of New York; 
the West End Medical Association; the New York County Medical 
Association; Alumni Association of Bellevue Hospital, of which asso- 
ciation he was president in 1910; Civil Service Reform Association; 
New York State Historical Society; American Geographical Society. 
Dr. Crandall also participated in the Pan-American Medical Congress 
of 1893, and in the Congress of American Physicians. He is now 
secretary of the Medical Society of the State of New York. 
VVILLIAM VAN VALZAH HAYES, Ph.B., A.M., M.D., specialist 
¥ ' in diseases of the digestive system, and Professor Emeritus, 
New York Polyclinic Medical School and Hospital, and consulting 
physician to the New York Skin and Cancer Hospital, occupies a rep- 
resentative place among New York medical men. 
Dr. Hayes comes of military ancestry in this country. His great- 
great-grandfather, Captain John Hayes, in December, 1776, raised 
a company in response to General Washington's proclamation for 
troops and participated in the battles of Trenton, Brandywine, Ger- 
mantown and Princeton in the Revolution, while two of his ancestors 
were Lieutenant-General Thomas Sutherland, and Captain John For- 
ster, the latter having been the father of General John Forster. 
William Van Valzah Hayes was born in Lewisburg, Union County, 
Pennsylvania, September 22, 1867, a son of Alfred and Mary (Van 
Valzah) Hayes. Alfred Hayes, father of Dr. Hayes, a lawyer by pro- 
fession and prominent member of the Pennsylvania bar, was also dis- 
trict attorney of Union County and a member of the State Legis- 
lature. 
William Van Valzah Hayes received a thorough classical edu- 
cation under private tuition, in the Lewisburg public school, Buck- 
nell Academy, and Bucknell University, graduating from the last 
named with the degree of Ph.B., in 1888. After spending one year( 
(1888-89), in the study of languages at Berlin and Paris, he returned 
to New York and entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
graduating with the degree of M.D., in 1893, and winning one of the 
"Harsen" prizes for scholarship. While yet an undergraduate, he 
was an assistant to Drs. McLane, Tuttle and Starr. After receiving 
his degree he served as interne for eighteen months (1893-94), in the 
second surgical division on the staff of the New York Hospital under 
Drs. Weir, Bull and Murray. He then followed three months as in- 
terne at Sloane Maternity Hospital, after which he became a member 
of the resident staff of the New York Foundling Hospital, serving for 
one year. In July, 1896, he began the private practice of medicine. 
Having had special advantages for research and observation during 
his hospital experience, early in his private general practice, Dr. 
Hayes gave special attention to diseases of the digestive system, and 
for many years has been a specialist in that branch of medicine, and 
has been eminently successful. In 1904 he was elected Professor of BIOGRAPHICAL 
247 
Diseases of the Digestive System in the New York Polyclinic Medical 
School and Hospital. He rendered faithful service in teaching and 
as secretary of the faculty and medical board. He continued the 
work until June, 1917, when he resigned and was elected Professor 
Emeritus. 
Dr. Hayes enjoys a large practice in his specialty, and in addition 
to his New York Polyclinic appointment is consulting physician to 
the New York Skin and Cancer Hospital. Dr. Hayes has contributed 
articles to medical literature, mainly on Gastro-Intestinal Diseases, 
that have appeared in medical journals of this country. 
Dr. Hayes is a member of the American Medical Association, the 
County Medical Society, the New York Academy of Medicine, Medi- 
cal Society of the State of New York, Medical Society of Greater New 
York, New York Gastro-Enterological Society, the New York Gastro- 
Enterological Club, Association for the Study of Internal Secretions, 
the Alumni Association of Sloane Maternity Hospital, Alumni Asso- 
ciation of the New York Foundling Hospital, Association of the 
Alumni of New York Hospital, of which he is also treasurer, and the 
Delta Upsilon fraternity of the Alumni of the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons, Columbia University. In 1909, Bucknell University 
conferred upon Dr. Hayes the degree of Master of Arts. Politically, 
Dr. Hayes is a Republican, member of the tenth Assembly District 
Republican Club, and takes much interest in the activities of the 
party. He also interests himself in church affairs, and is a staunch 
member of the Brick Presbyterian Church of New York, as well as 
treasurer of the Inter-Collegiate branch of the Young Men's Chris- 
tian Association. 
On September 9, 1903, Dr. Hayes was married at Altoona, Penn- 
sylvania, to Mary Coulbourn Conner, a daughter of Benjamin C. 
and Bettie S. (Tyler) Conner. 
VATHAN EDWIN BRILL, M.A., M.D., well-known New York phy- 
sician, discoverer of previously unrecognized form of typhus 
fever known as ' ' Brill's Disease, ' ' and Professor of Clinical Medicine 
at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 
since 1910, was born in New York City, January 13, 1860, son of 
Simon and Adelheit (Frankenthal) Brill. 
He received the whole of his education in New York City, pri- 
marily attending the public schools, and later proceeding to the 
College of the City of New York, wherefrom he graduated in 1877, 
with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In 1883 he was given his M.A., 
immediately after receiving which he entered the medical department 
of New York University as a student. His undergraduateship in 
medicine was very thoroughly undertaken by him, and in 1880 he 
was able to obtain good place among the graduates in medicine of that 
year at New York University, and in due course was awarded the 
degree of Doctor of Medicine. As an undergraduate he won by 
competitive examination a place on the house staff of the Bellevue 
Hospital, remaining an interne for eighteen months. In 1882 Dr. 248 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Brill opened office in New York City for the general private practice 
of his profession, and during the subsequent years to the present has 
by his practice enhanced the good reputation gained by him by 
reason of the important discoveries his research has brought to the 
profession, and by reason of his marked ability as a lecturer and 
demonstrator. 
During the thirty-four years of his association with the history of 
medicine in New York, Dr. Brill has occupied many important offices 
in medical institutions of the city; he was lecturer on anatomy, 
physiology, and pathology of the nervous systems of the New York 
Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, during the years 1882-84, 
as well as lecturer on medical jurisprudence thereat in 1882; in 1893 
he became attending physician to the first medical division of Mount 
Sinai Hospital, which appointment he has since held; and in 1910 
he was appointed to the Professorship of Clinical Medicine at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, being still in 
occupation of that chair. In 1910 his name became of international 
note among physicians when the announcement was made of his dis- 
covery of a hitherto unrecognized form of typhus fever, later known 
among scientists as "Brill's Disease." 
Dr. Brill is well-regarded by his confreres in medicine, and has 
been elected to many honorable offices in professional organizations; 
he was elected to the presidency of the Society of Medical Juris- 
prudence in 1891-92; was president of the alumni association of Belle- 
vue Hospital, 1899; was first vice-president of the New York County 
Medical Association in 1898; is a fellow of the New York Academy of 
Medicine; and member of the American Medical Association, the 
Medical Society of the State of New York, the New York Neurological 
Society, the American Neurological Association, the American Asso- 
ciation for the Advancement of Science, the American Association for 
the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis, the New York Pathological 
Society, the Harvey Society, the New York County Medical Associa- 
tion, the Association of American Physicians, the Associated Alumni 
of Mt. Sinai Hospital, and the Society of Alumni of Bellevue Hos- 
pital. He also belongs to the Association of American Anatomists, 
and the Metropolitan Medical Society of New York City, and has 
held the honor of trusteeship of the Society of Medical Jurisprudence, 
and the Medical Society of the State of New York. He is a trustee of 
the New York Academy of Medicine, and a Governor in the Associa- 
tion for the Care and Prevention of Cardiac Disease. At present he 
is major in the Medical Reserve Corps and director of Base Hospital 
Unit, No. 3, certified for service abroad. Dr. Brill was the translator 
of "Klemperer Clinical Diagnosis," which was published in 1898, 
and he has been the author of much that has appeared in the pages 
of leading medical periodicals. 
On June 8, 1899, Dr. Brill married Elsa M. Josephthal, of New 
York City, and they have children, as follows: Elizabeth Joyce, born 
in 1900; John Lewis, born 1902. Dr. Brill's office is at No. 48 West 
Seventy-sixth Street, New York City. BIOGRAPHICAL 
249 
I) YRON CLARY DARLING, A.B., M.D., graduate in medicine of 
Harvard University Medical School, specialist in Roentgen 
rays for diagnosis and treatment, having office in New York City, 
where he has developed a busy practice, and many professional hos- 
pital connections, including positions as consulting Roentgenologist 
at the Ruptured and Crippled Hospital, and Roentgenologist at St. 
Vincent's and St. Mark's hospitals of New York City, was born at 
Easton, Illinois, July 7, 1875, son of Abel L. Darling, M.D., and 
Frances (Clary) Darling. 
His collegiate education was obtained at Illinois College, from which 
he graduated in 1898 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. The fol- 
lowing year, having resolved to qualify for a career in medicine, he 
proceeded to Boston and enrolled himself as a student at the Har- 
vard University Medical College. He took the four-year course, and 
in 1903 received the degree of Doctor of Medicine. For the follow- 
ing few years he mainly pursued practical and theoretical studies in 
hospitals and medical schools; in 1903 he saw considerable and varied 
hospital work in his capacity of assistant in the Boston City Hospital 
Out-Patient Department, Boston City Relief Station, and the fol- 
lowing year he served in a similar capacity at the Massachusetts 
General Out-Patient Department, in that year being appointed house 
physician and surgeon at the Knickerbocker Hospital, New York City, 
On completion of his interneship here, in 1906, he was appointed to the 
position of house surgeon at the Lying-in-Hospital of the City of New 
York. During 1907-08, Dr. Darling was in Kansas City, Missouri, as 
referee and chief medical examiner for the Mutual Life Insurance 
Company of New York. Returning East, he took a special course in 
Roentgenology at the Harvard Medical School and the Massachusetts 
General Hospital. During the years 1908-10, Dr. Darling was Roent- 
genologist at Bellevue Hospital, New York City. Soon after, in 1910, 
he opened a private laboratory at the Private Hospital, No. 33 East 
Thirty-third Street, and since then he has steadily developed a sub- 
stantial special practice. At the present time he is Roentgenologist 
to the St. Vincent and the St. Mark's hospitals, New York City, and 
consulting Roentgenologist at the Ruptured and Crippled Hospital. 
In the educational phase of medical work, Dr. Darling has taken 
some part, having been associated with the faculty of Columbia Uni- 
versity Medical College for some time, as instructor in Roentgen inter- 
pretation, Department of Orthopedics, and though his growing prac- 
tice does not permit him much opportunity for literary work, he has 
made some contributions to medical literature on Roentgenology. 
Dr. Byron Clary Darling is interested in national affairs, and par- 
ticularly in national military affairs; he is a member of the Medical 
Reserve Corps of the United States Army, and holds the military 
rank of first lieutenant. He also holds the same rank in the Medical 
Corps of the Seventy-first Infantry, National Guard of New York. 
He is affiliated with many medical organizations, among the societies 
of which he is a member being: The Medical Society of the State of 
New York, New York County Medical Society, the Harvard Medical 250 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Society of New York, the American Medical Association, the New York 
Academy of Medicine, the American Roentgen Ray Association, and 
the Alumni Society of the Knickerbocker Hospital, New York City. 
OERNARD SACHS, M.D. (Harvard, 1878; Strassburg University, 
Germany, 1882), son of Joseph and Sophia Sachs, was born in 
Baltimore, Maryland, January 2, 1858, and while still in his infancy 
was brought by his father to New York City, whither his father had 
removed to take up his abode. Joseph Sachs was a noted educator, and 
in New York City conducted a large private school from 1859 to 1867. 
Thereafter he went abroad and his death occurred in 1868, while 
absent from this country. 
Dr. Sachs' education was begun first in his father's school, and 
he later attended the public schools of the city. His education pre- 
liminary to a college course was acquired under the tuition of his 
brother, Dr. Julius Sachs. In the year 1874 Bernard Sachs entered 
Harvard University and was graduated in 1878 with the degree of 
Bachelor of Arts, taking special honors in natural history subjects. 
He then went abroad and pursued the study of medicine at the Strass- 
burg University, Germany, graduating with the degree of Doctor of 
Medicine in 1882. This he further supplemented by studies in Vienna, 
Paris and London for a period of two years. He was a pupil of 
Kussmaul, Meynert and Hughlings Jackson. He returned to New 
York City, in 1884, where he established his office and devoted him- 
self to general practice for three years. Dr. Sachs then abandoned 
general practice to devote himself almost exclusively to nervous and 
mental diseases. He has gained an enviable reputation in the pro- 
fession and has filled many important appointments in the medical 
world. Of these we may append a list of the following: Assistant to 
Dr. E. C. Seguin on the subject of nervous and mental diseases in 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons; in 1885, assistant instruc- 
tor in mental and nervous diseases at the New York Polyclinic; in 
1886, instructor in mental and nervous diseases in the same Clinic, 
later becoming Professor of Mental and Nervous Diseases in the same 
institution, which professorship he resigned in 1904. Since 1893 Dr. 
Sachs has been neurologist to Mt. Sinai Hospital, and since 1900 
has been alienist and neurologist to Bellevue Hospital; he is also 
consulting neurologist to the Manhattan State Hospital, and to the 
Montefiore Home. 
Dr. Sachs' works upon his chosen subject have received inter- 
national recognition and have been of incalculable benefit to medical 
science. His "Text-Book on Nervous Diseases in Children" (1895), 
(published by William Wood & Company) has been translated into 
German and Italian, and has been accepted as the fundamental work 
on this subject by the medical profession. He is the author of many 
monographs dealing with the brain and spinal cord. Among the 
notable achievements of Dr. Sachs is the discovery by him of the 
disease known as "Amaurotic Family Idiocy" (Tay-Sachs Disease). 
He is a member of the American Medical Association; New York Neu- BIOGRAPHICAL 
251 
rological Society; American Neurological Association; Harvard Club; 
Charaka Club; Academy of Medicine; he is also an honorary member 
of the Moscow Medical Society; and a corresponding member of the 
Paris Neurological Society, and of the Verein Deutscher Nervenaerzte. 
Dr. Sachs was married, in 1887, to Elizabeth, daughter of Henry W. 
and Sophia Stein, of Frankfort-on-Main, Germany, and they have 
two children: Alice, who is the wife of J. W. Plaut, of Cincinnati, 
Ohio, and Helen, who is the wife of Nathan Straus, Jr., of New 
York. 
A USTIN WILKINSON HOLLIS, M.D., occupies a representative 
place of prominence among New York medical men. Having 
enjoyed unusual advantages for clinical observation, he has specialized 
in practice in the medical branch of his profession, in which he has 
been eminently successful, and is Professor of Clinical Medicine in 
Columbia University Medical College. Whether as honor man at 
college, or as physician, or the prominent part he has taken in leading 
medical institutions, Dr. Hollis is characterized by fine abilities. 
Austin W. Hollis was born in the British Colony of Bermuda, No- 
vember 24, 1868, a son of Captain Henry Hilgrove Hollis and Louisa 
Jane (Wilkinson) Hollis, both of Bermuda. Dr. Hollis comes of an 
ancient and honorable family, his ancestor on the paternal and ma- 
ternal side having been among the oldest British settlers of Bermuda, 
the Hollis ancestry dating back to 1600, being also closely connected 
with the early English Colonial families of Virginia. 
Austin W. Hollis received a liberal classical education in the pri- 
vate schools of his native place, and Upper Canada College, of To- 
ronto, Canada, graduating from the latter in 1887. He entered upon 
the study of medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
Columbia University, New York, graduating therefrom with honors 
with the degree of M.D. in 1890, and winning the first Harsen prize of 
five hundred dollars. Immediately thereafter Dr. Hollis entered 
St. Luke's Hospital as an interne, connected with the medical division, 
which appointment he held for two years, receiving the hospital 
diploma in 1892. Later he became assistant physician at the Nursery 
and Child's Hospital, New York. In 1893 he engaged in the private 
practice of his profession in New York City, having as an associate 
Dr. Edward W. Peet, which partnership continued until 1895, when 
Dr. Hollis engaged in private practice alone, in which he has con- 
tinued successfully to the present time. Dr. Hollis was appointed 
physician to the New York Dispensary in 1903, where he was an in- 
structor of physical diagnosis for many years, and in 1909 he was 
appointed physician-in-chief to the same institution, resigning from 
this appointment in 1916. Dr. Hollis was also physician-in-chief to 
the medical department of St. Luke's Hospital Dispensary, in 1895, 
and in 1903 was appointed attending physician to the wards of St. 
Luke's Hospital, and is now chief of Division A of that hospital, and 
attending physician to the training school connected with that insti- 
tution. Through his connections with such active institutions, his 252 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
experience has been very wide, and few physicians have had the 
opportunity of seeing such an abundance of clinical material. In 
1913 Dr. Hollis was made a Professor of Clinical Medicine, Columbia 
University. Dr. Hollis is a member of the Academy of Medicine; the 
Alumni Society of St. Luke's Hospital; New York County Medical 
Association; Medical Society of the State of New York, and he takes 
a deep interest in the gatherings of Upper Canada College, Old 
Boys' Association. 
At St. Paul's Church, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 22, 1898, Dr. 
Hollis was married to Amy Edith King, a daughter of Joseph G. 
King, a Canadian inventor of note, of Port Arthur, Ontario. They 
have two children: Edith Constance, born January 31,1900, and Amy 
Middleton, born December 28, 1911. Dr. and Mrs. Hollis are members 
of St. Stephen's Episcopal Church, New York City. 
IVILLIAM VAN PELT GARRETSON, M.D., graduate of the Col- 
~ ' lege of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, a New 
York City specialist in diseases of the nervous system, holding some 
important professorial and consulting appointments to New York City 
medical institutions, in the neurological department of medicine, was 
born in Jersey City, New Jersey, in 1880, the son of Stephen and 
Josephine (Burkman) Garretson, the former a railroad official 
throughout his life. 
Dr. Garretson, after the necessary preparatory academic education, 
entered the Hasbrouck Institute, Jersey City, New Jersey, from 
which collegiate institution he graduated in 1897. Having decided to 
qualify for entrance to the medical profession, in 1899, he became a 
student of medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of 
the City of New York, which is the medical department of Columbia 
University. From this medical college he graduated in 1903, with 
the degree of Doctor of Medicine, after which he, by competitive ex- 
amination, secured appointment to the house staff of the Nursery and 
Child's Hospital, New York City, where he served an interneship of 
one year's duration. Desiring to take up further research work, and 
in a leading European medical center, in 1904 he went abroad and 
for a year was attached to the Charite Hospital, Berlin, Germany. 
Returning to the United States, he decided to pursue his special 
study of diseases of the nervous system, and his understanding of 
this branch of medical science soon established him as a specialist of 
reliability and promise. He has received substantial recognition as 
a neurologist in New York City, and has secured many important pro- 
fessional appointments; he has been Clinical Professor in the de- 
partment of Nervous and Mental Diseases at the New York Polyclinic 
Medical School and Hospital since 1910; he has been consulting neu- 
rologist to the East Side School for Crippled Children since 1912; he 
was appointed consulting neurologist to the Bayonne Hospital, Bay- 
onne, New Jersey, in 1914; in the year 1916 he was appointed at- 
tending neurologist to the Harlem Hospital; and in 1917, he was ap- 
pointed consulting neurologist to the Park Hospital, New York City. BIOGRAPHICAL 
253 
He was formerly-for a number of years-assistant attending neurolo- 
gist to the City Hospital, Blackwells Island, New York, and to the 
Neurological Hospital on Blackwells Island; also physician to the 
Department of Nervous and Mental Diseases at the Vanderbilt Clinic. 
Dr. Garretson is identified with many of the professional societies 
of New York City and State; he is a member of the Medical Society 
of the State of New York; the Medical Society of the County of New 
York; the New York Neurological Society; the Riverside Practition- 
ers' Society, New York City; the West Side Clinical Society; the New 
York Polyclinic Clinical Society; also of the Medical Society of the 
Greater City of New York. He is a member of the Presbyterian 
church; his office is at No. 11 East Forty-eighth Street, and his resi- 
dence is at Bronxville, New York. 
Dr. Garretson married, May 4, 1904, at Chattanooga, Tennessee, 
Lillian Marguerite Pfau, daughter of John L. and Katherine Pfau. 
T OHN DORNING, M.D., general practitioner of medicine, of all- 
around capability, equally skilled in the medical and surgical 
branches of his profession, has had an enviable career. As con- 
sulting physician and chief of staff as well as sole responsible head 
for many years of St. Francis Hospital, Dr. Doming's thirty-five 
years connection with the institution stands as an example of service 
that not alone for length of years, but as well for the confidence and 
trust imposed, is a record that speaks for itself and fixes the high 
estimation in which he is held. During his incumbency as medical 
as well as executive head of the institution, its growth and develop- 
ment is manifest in the erection of the new hospital building with 
a capacity of over five hundred beds, located on One Hundred and 
Forty-second Street, and to that development Dr. Doming contributed 
in full measure. To the honorable distinctions attained in his pro- 
fession, Dr. Doming possesses the executive talents of the master man 
of affairs, and to the qualities which have brought him success in both, 
adds that sterling manhood which alone is the enduring foundation of 
high achievement. Whether as physician, or lecturer and instructor 
in medical colleges, or as an author and contributor to medical liter- 
ature, or as an important factor in medical institutions, Dr. Doming 
is characterized by abilities of a superior order. 
John Doming was bom in New York City, in 1859. After receiving 
a liberal preparatory education, he entered upon the study of medi- 
cine at the University Medical College, from which he graduated with 
the degree of M.D. in 1882. After serving an interneship at St. Fran- 
cis Hospital during the years 1882-83, he engaged in the practice of 
his profession in New York City, in which he has since continued. Dr. 
Doming was an instructor of diseases of children in the Polyclinic 
Hospital from 1884 to 1889; attending physician at the Demilt Dis- 
pensary, 1888-95; consulting physician at St. Joseph's Hospital since 
1889; visiting physician at St. Francis Hospital since 1890, and chief 
of staff since 1906; lecturer on diseases of children in post-graduate 
course, 1890-1900; adjunct professor, 1900-02; visiting physician 254 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
and consulting physician at St. Francis Home since 1906. He has been 
a member of the Board of Inebriety, New York City, since 1911. He 
was a delegate to the New York State Medical Society, is a member of 
the Hospital Graduates' Club, the Academy of Medicine, American 
Medical Association, American Pediatric Association, the State 
Medical Society, County Medical Society and the Medical Association 
of Greater New York. In the field of authorship, Dr. Doming has 
contributed many articles on medical subjects that have been of in- 
terest and value to his profession, among the more noteworthy being: 
"Dentition" (Keating's Encyclopedia), "Diseases of Children," 
1890; "Bronchial Asthma," "Pulmonary Emphysema," (Text-Book 
on Diseases of Children, 1894); "Pyloric Stenosis," (Archives of 
Pediatrics, 1904-06) ; "Abdominal Symptoms in Pleurisy and Pneu- 
monia," (N. Y. Med. Jnl., 1915) ; "Dentition an Etiological Factor in 
Disease," (Archives of Pediatrics, 1895). 
J OHN HERBERT CLAIBORNE, M.D., Fellow of the American 
College of Surgeons, and a well-known New York City physician, 
who by his research, by his writings, by his association with the fac- 
ulty of the medical department of Columbia University and Cornell 
Medical College, New York, and especially by his extensive practice 
centering upon diseases of the eye, has gained worthy repute as an 
American medical specialist of high rank. He was born in Louisburg, 
North Carolina, June 29, 1861, son of Dr. J. H. Claiborne, a noted 
physician of Virginia, who brought distinction to his name and 
family during the Civil War. 
Dr. John Herbert Claiborne, of New York City, passed his school 
days mainly in Virginia; studied at the University School, Petersburg, 
Virginia, under the preceptorship of the well-known William Gordon 
McCabe, and in due course entered the University of Virginia, wherein 
he applied himself to belles-lettres for two years, after which he 
decided to concentrate his entire efforts upon the study of medicine, 
which profession he had definitely determined to follow. Therefore he 
terminated his classical studies at the end of his second year, and 
allied himself thereafter to the medical department of the University 
of Virginia, ultimately, in 1883, gaining the degree of Doctor of 
Medicine. Upon leaving the University of Virginia, Dr. Claiborne 
journeyed to New York, and pursued further professional studies in 
Bellevue Hospital Medical College and the New York Polyclinic, gain- 
ing still more extensive knowledge of his profession by studying under 
eminent German physicians at Berlin, also taking a course at the 
University of Halle and the Paris clinics. His research was par- 
ticularly directed to the problems of the eye, and on his return to the 
United States Dr. Claiborne opened an office in New York as a 
specialist in diseases of the eye, of which subject he became a rec- 
ognized authority. During his active professional career Dr. Clai- 
borne has been Adjunct Professor of Eye Diseases at the Polyclinic 
Medical School and Hospital, visiting surgeon to the North-Western 
Dispensary, instructor in ophthalmology in Columbia University, in- BIOGRAPHICAL 
255 
structor in ophthalmology in Cornell Medical College, surgeon at the 
New Amsterdam Eye and Ear Hospital, and at present is consulting 
physician in ophthalmology to Flushing Hospital, New York. 
Among his many published works upon medical subjects are: 
"Theory and Practice of the Ophthalmoscope," "The Punctual Ex- 
amination of the Eye," "Cataract Extraction," and numerous 
brochures on other subjects. They have emphasized the extent of his 
study and knowledge of the branch of medical science in which he has 
specialized. Dr. Claiborne belongs to the American Medical Asso- 
ciation, the American Ophthalmological Association, the American 
Academy of Ophthalmology, Otology and Laryngology, the New York 
Academy of Medicine, the Medical Society of the State of New York, 
the New York County Medical Association and the Medical Society 
of Virginia. 
During the Spanish-American War Dr. Claiborne, following the 
traditions of the military family of Claiborne, which in almost every 
generation since its first connection, in 1631, with American history 
has been honorably represented in military activities by its scions, 
enlisted in the Twelfth Regiment of New York Volunteers, served 
during the war, and rose to the rank of captain in the line. After his 
return he wrote a brochure entitled "Four Months at Camp Thomas," 
which was a study of the sanitary conditions existing in Chickamauga 
Park during the summer of 1898. His military service has brought 
him into membership in the Naval and Military Order of the Spanish- 
American War, Society of Foreign Wars, Society of Colonial Wars, 
Society of the Cincinnati, and he also holds membership in the Union 
Club, Rockaway Hunting Club, University Club, the Fencers' Club, 
the Calumet Club, the New York Southern Society, etc. 
Dr. Claiborne married, in April, 1901, Marie Louise Claiborne, of 
New Orleans. To them has been born one son. 
Having dealt with the medical achievements of Dr. Claiborne, 
in so far as they bear reference to the history of medicine in New 
York, it is permissible to herein include some brief reference to his 
ancestry which, by reason of its close association with American ad- 
ministrative circles of colonial days, has historical interest. Colonel 
William Claiborne, from whom Dr. Claiborne is in the eighth gener- 
ation of direct descent, was first secretary of the colony of Virginia, 
and was a trader on the Island of Kent, afterwards part of Mary- 
land, in 1631, a year before Lord Baltimore received his patent, and 
three years before he arrived with his first company of colonists. Dr. 
J. H. Claiborne, father of Dr. Claiborne of this review, was twice 
elected senator, and during the Civil War was one of the principal 
surgeons of the Confederate forces; was surgeon-in-ehief of all the 
military hospitals at Petersburg, Virginia; was wounded during the 
siege, and captured just before the surrender at Appomattox. 
y HOMPSON TYLER SWEENY, A.B., M.D., who though a gradu- 
1 ate of an outside medical college, has been a member of the New 
York City medical fraternity since 1900, and by his activities during 256 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
the period has become well known within the city as a successful spe- 
cialist in gynecology, and an able instructor in medicine, was born at 
Rockdale, Jefferson County, Kentucky, May 11, 1875, the son of John 
T. and Katherine Tyler (Carpenter) Sweeny. 
For many years identified with the New York Post-Graduate Medi- 
cal School and Hospital, as gynecologist of the out-patient department, 
and as lecturer in the medical school, Thomas Tyler Sweeny came to 
New York adequately equipped in both academic and scientific learn- 
ing to successfully enter into leading medical activities. His educa- 
tion was mainly obtained at Louisville, Kentucky, the academic course 
bringing him to the point whereat he was awarded the degree of 
Bachelor of Arts, after the achievement of which he entered the 
medical department of the Central University of Kentucky, at Louis- 
ville. Dr. Sweeny then came to New York City, and with the inten- 
tion of following closely further research in the branch of gynecology, 
he attached himself to the house staffs of the Lying-in Hospital of the 
City of New York, and the Women's Hospital in the State of New 
York, the post-graduate courses he pursued in these two hospitals 
proving of considerable value to him in his specialized study. In 
1900 Dr. Sweeny decided to enter private practice, and having re- 
ceived the licenses of the States of New York and Kentucky, by which 
he might engage in the general practice of his profession, he forthwith 
established himself in private office in New York City, in the vicinity 
of which he has since mainly practised. He is gynecologist and at- 
tending surgeon at the Lutheran Hospital of Manhattan, also surgeon 
in the Mt. Sinai and Bellevue hospitals. The medical profession gen- 
erally has benefited by Dr. Sweeny's research, for he has trans- 
ferred to writing many of his findings. He belongs to the following 
medical organizations: The American Medical Association, the Medi- 
cal Society of the State of New York, the New York Academy of 
Medicine, the New York County Medical Association, and the alumni 
associations of the Women's, Lying-in, and Post-Graduate hospitals. 
His office address is at No. 40 East Forty-first Street, New York 
City, and he is in possession of a wide and substantial practice, being 
also brought into very frequent consultation by his confreres in 
medicine, in regard to gynecological cases. 
On July 1, 1905, Dr. Sweeny married Amy Shipley, of Brooklyn. 
They have two children: Thompson Tyler, born May 11, 1907, and 
Pamela Shipley, born January 13, 1911. 
V\T ILLIAM HANNA THOMSON, M.D., LL.D., was born at Bey- 
' ~ rout, Syria, November 1, 1833, a son of the Rev. William Mc- 
Clure Thomson, a missionary of international note, and of long service 
in Syria; he was author of "The Land and the Book." 
He received his education at Wabash College, graduating in 1851 
with the degree of A.B. In 1859 Yale University conferred upon 
him the degree of Master of Arts. He entered upon the study of 
medicine at the Albany Medical College, graduating therefrom with 
the degree of M.D., in 1859. While still a medical student Dr. Thom- BIOGRAPHICAL 
257 
son became identified in an official capacity with the New York Quar- 
antine Station, continuing for a period of three years. In 1862 he 
was elected a member of the faculty of the medical department of 
New York University, and retained his association with this insti- 
tution for seventeen years, until it merged with Cornell University, 
when he resigned. While he was at the New York University, he was 
Professor of the Practice of Medicine and Diseases of the Nervous 
System. Dr. Thomson engaged in the private practice of his pro- 
fession in New York City, and continued successfully up to the time 
of his death. For a number of years his practice was of a consulting 
character. Dr. Thomson was connected with several hospitals in 
New York City, among them being the City, Roosevelt and Bellevue. 
In the field of authorship, Dr. Thomson was well known for his con- 
tributions to medical literature, and he wrote much that was of in- 
terest, importance and value to the profession. Among his more 
notable works was a text-book on "Clinical Medicine." 
During the Civil War Dr. Thomson was surgeon to the Board of 
Enrollment, Ninth District, New York City, and in this capacity as 
State Inspector of recruits examined and passed upon 23,500 men. 
In 1862 he initiated the observation of the comparative physique of 
different nationalities, a method that was so highly approved as to 
draw from the Provost-Marshal-General an order (in 1864) making 
the system obligatory on all United States examining surgeons. 
In 1869 Dr. Thomson married Catherine Van Dyck, daughter of 
Henry H. Van Dyck, of Albany, New York. His death occurred Jan- 
uary 18, 1918. 
ID RYAN DeFOREST SHEEDY, LL.B., M.D., eminent specialist 
in diseases of the ear, nose and throat (now retired), for twenty- 
years instructor in diseases of the ear, nose and throat at the New 
York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, was instructor in 
same capacity for several years at Fordham Medical College. 
Bryan DeForest Sheedy was born in Norwalk, Fairfield County, 
Connecticut, October 17, 1864, a son of Michael and Johanna Sheedy. 
His preparatory education was obtained in the public and high 
schools, Norwalk; received his LL.B., Yale University course in medi- 
cal jurisprudence; M.D., New York University Medical School and 
College, 1885; special certificates from University of Vienna, Austria. 
Dr. Sheedy's medical career has been briefly as follows: Engaged in 
general practice of profession at Northampton, Massachusetts for five 
years; practised in Bridgeport, Connecticut, five years; for ten years 
was general practitioner, last twenty years as specialist in diseases of 
ear, nose and throat; instructor in diseases of ear, nose and throat for 
twenty years at New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hos- 
pital ; instructor in diseases of ear, nose and throat, Fordham Medical 
College, five years. In 1915 he retired from the practice of his pro- 
fession. He has contributed to medical literature many special 
articles on diseases of the ear, nose and throat; member of the Ameri- 
can Medical Association, Massachusetts, Connecticut and New York 258 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
State Medical societies; for three years held office of councilman at 
Northampton, Massachusetts; chairman of the Board of Health of 
Bridgeport, Connecticut, three years. His clubs are: Yale, Lotos and 
Catholic. 
On August 19, 1905, Dr. Sheedy married Eleanor M. Connors. 
Children: Bryan DeForest, Jr., Edmund Theodore, Eleanor Marie and 
one deceased. Residence, No. 61 West Seventy-fourth Street, New, 
York City. 
A LFRED WINFIELD WHITE, M.D., of Brooklyn, was born in 
New York City, October 17, 1875, son of William and Jane 
(Laing) White. He went as a boy to the public schools of Brooklyn, 
and also received private instruction. Later he entered the Medical 
School of Cornell University, from which he was graduated in 1905, 
receiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He then served an in- 
terneship of nineteen months in St. Mary's Hospital, at the end of 
which period he entered upon private practice in Brooklyn, where he 
has since remained. Until 1912 his practice was of a general char- 
acter, but since that time he has specialized in obstetrics. He was 
appointed assistant physician at St. John's Hospital in 1907, and 
since 1912 has been obstetrician at the same institution. Dr. White 
is a member of the Medical Society of the County of Kings, the Medi- 
cal Society of the State of New York, the Brooklyn Gynecological 
Society, the Brooklyn Pathological Society, the Associated Physicians 
of Long Island, the Physicians' Mutual Aid Association, and of the 
Alumni of St. John's Hospital. 
Dr. White married, January 2, 1907, Ethel Waddell, of Brooklyn, 
and they have two children, Janet and Marion. 
AVILLIAM SCOTT RENNER, of Buffalo, was born in the Town- 
" v ship of Louth, Lincoln County, Province of Ontario, Canada, 
son of Thomas Morgan and Nancy Ann (Rogers) Renner. 
He attended the district school, St. Catherine's Collegiate Institute, 
from 1876 to 1880; McGill University of Montreal, from 1880 to 1884, 
graduating in medicine in the latter-named year. He pursued a post- 
graduate course in Vienna, Austria, from 1884 to September, 1885; 
post-graduate work in Vienna in 1893 for three months, in 1898 for 
two months; post-graduate work in Berlin, Germany, Ear Clinics in 
1901 for three months, in 1904 for three months, in 1905 for three 
months, and in 1912 in clinics in Munich and Berlin for two months 
in each city. He specializes in diseases of the ear, nose and throat. 
He was formerly Professor of Laryngology in Niagara University of 
Buffalo, and at present (1917) is Associate Professor in Oto-Laryngol- 
ogy in the medical department of the University of Buffalo; Throat 
and Ear Surgeon at the Children's, Erie County, Sisters of Charity 
and German hospitals, and surgeon in charge of the Ear and Throat 
Department of the Buffalo Eye and Ear Infirmary. Among his con- 
tributions to medical science are the following: "Adenoid Vegetation 
of the Naso-Pharynx, " (Buffalo Med. and Surg. Jnl., April, 1890); BIOGRAPHICAL 
259 
"Paroxysmal Sneezing," (Buffalo Med. Jnl., Aug., 1895) ; "Affections 
of the Lingual Tonsils," (Buffalo Med. Jnl., 1896); "Chronic Fol- 
licular Tonsillitis," (Med. Rec., Aug., 1897); "Infection Through 
Upper Air Passages, (A. T. Brown Printing House, 1900); "The 
Indications for the Radical Mastoid Operation, With a Description of 
its Technique," (Buffalo Med. Jnl., June, 1902) ; "Tertiary Syphilis 
of the Nose and Pharynx," (N. Y. Med. Jnl. and Philadelphia Med. 
Jnl., Feb. and March, 1904) ; "Treatment of Acute Otitis Media," 
(Buffalo Med. Jnl., June, 1905); "Nasal Tuberculosis: A Case and 
Remarks," (Annals of Oto. Rhin. and Laryn., Sept., 1909); "The 
Middle Turbinated Body: Some Indications for its Removal," (An- 
nals of Oto., Rhino, and Laryn., June, 1912), and many unpublished 
articles read before local medical societies. Dr. Renner is a member 
of the Medical Club; Buffalo Academy of Medicine, of which he was 
president in 1912; Erie County Medical Society; Central New York 
Medical Association; New York State Medical Association; American 
Medical Association; American Laryngological, Rhinological and Oto- 
logical Association, of which he was chairman of the Eastern Section, 
1901; American Laryngological Association, of which he was second 
vice-president in 1912; the American Otological Society; American 
Academy of Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology, and honorary mem- 
ber of the Nu-Sigma-Nu, and Fellow of the American College of Sur- 
geons. 
Dr. Renner married Katherine Diehl, daughter of Jacob William 
and Louisa (Dickman) Diehl; one child, Allan D. Renner. 
f^LAUDE G. CRANE, M.D., of Brooklyn, was born in New York 
City, July 29, 1876, son of Harrison and Mary (Morehouse) 
Crane. 
His early education was received at the public schools of New York 
City and Middletown, New York, from whence he went to Columbia 
University. He received his medical education at the College of Phys- 
icians and Surgeons of Columbia University, from which he was grad- 
uated in 1900. He then served an interneship of eighteen months in 
the Brooklyn Hospital, for seven months being assistant superintend- 
ent of the institution. He then practised for eight months as surgeon 
on a sugar estate in San Domingo. Returning to the United States 
he entered upon private practice in Brooklyn, in 1903. Although his 
intention after a period of general practice was to enter upon surgery, 
his success in another phase of the work has led him to confine himself 
to diseases of the ear, nose and throat. He has made a special study 
of the Barany method of tracing disease through the ear, and pub- 
lished his investigations on the subject. He has written extensively 
on his specialty and has presented a number of papers before medical 
societies which have been subsequently published. 
He is visiting otologist and laryngologist at the Brooklyn Hospital 
and at the Brooklyn Eye and Ear Hospital. He is a fellow of the 
American College of Surgeons, and a member of the Medical Society 
of the County of Kings, of the Medical Society of the State of New 260 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
York, of the American Medical Association, of the Laryngological, 
Otological and Rhinological Society of Brooklyn, of the Brooklyn 
Pathological Society, of the Brooklyn Medical Society, and the Asso- 
ciated Physicians of Long Island, and outside of his professional 
interests, of the Hamilton and University clubs of Brooklyn. 
Dr. Crane married August 7, 1913, Elizabeth Thistle, of Brooklyn. 
They have one daughter, Caroline Craig Crane. Dr. and Mrs. Crane 
are members of Holy Trinity Church. 
THOMAS F. REILLY, Ph.B., M.S., M.D., Specialist in Therapeu- 
x tics and Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine in Fordham 
University Medical College, was born in Easton, Pennsylvania, May 
30, 1871, a son of Thomas and Hannah (Duffy) Reilly. 
He attended Lafayette College, where he graduated with first 
honors in 1893, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and 
three years later received the degree of Master of Science from the 
same institution. He entered upon the study of medicine at the 
Bellevue Hospital Medical College, now New York University, where 
he graduated with the degree of M.D., in 1896. For eighteen months 
thereafter Dr. Reilly was an interne at the New York City Hospital, 
at the expiration of which time he engaged in the private general 
practice of his profession in New York City, where he has successfully 
continued to the present time. In 1906 Dr. Reilly went to Europe 
where he pursued special medical research work in Germany, taking 
post-graduate courses in therapeutics at the leading medical institu- 
tions of that noted center of medical science. Dr. Reilly is visiting 
physician at the St. Lawrence Hospital, assistant attending physician 
to Harlem Hospital, associate physician to Lincoln Hospital, and con- 
sulting physician to the United Hospital, Port Chester. At the pres- 
ent time Dr. Reilly is Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine 
at Fordham University Medical College, was former Professor of 
Applied Therapeutics, medical department of the same institution, 
and is Lecturer on social service in the School of Sociology of Ford- 
ham University. Dr. Reilly holds honorary offices in many medical so- 
cieties and organizations. He was chairman of this section of pharma- 
cology and Therapeutics in the American Medical Association, pres- 
ident of the Manhattan Clinical Medical Society and the New York 
Celtic Medical Society, president of the Harlem Medical Society, pres- 
ident of the New York City Hospital Alumni Association, president of 
the Valentine Mott Medical Society, and secretary of the Guild of St. 
Luke's. He is also a member of the American Therapeutic Associa- 
tion, Medical Society of the State of New York, New York Academy 
of Medicine, New York County Medical Association, the American 
Congress of Internal Medicine, a Fellow of the American College of 
Physicians, the Greater New York Medical Association and the alumni 
associations of City hospitals. Dr. Reilly is a staunch Democrat in 
politics, and a sincere and active member of the Roman Catholic 
church. 
In the field of authorship Dr. Reilly has contributed many impor- BIOGRAPHICAL 
261 
tant articles to medical literature that have been of interest and 
value to his profession, among the more important being: A text 
book on "Medical Economics," published by (Lippincott); "Tech- 
nique and Use of Saline Sol.," {Med. Rec. of N. F.) ; "The Problems 
of the Irregular Heart;" "Treatment of Typhoid Fever" {Interna- 
tionahClinics) ; "How Do Drugs Act?" {The Independent) ; "Signs 
and Symptoms of Impending Death" {Jour. A. M. A.) ; "Prognosis 
of Pneumonia;" "Mode of Onset of Pneumonia;" "Head Colds" 
{Journal of American Medical Sciences'), and several others. 
On January 8, 1907, Dr. Reilly was married to Anna Gorman, of 
New York City. They have four children: Paul, born December 15, 
1908; Virginia, February 25, 1910; Lucille, October 11, 1912; Eileen, 
April 19, 1913. 
JOSEPH O'DWYER, M.D., eminent specialist in Orthopedic Sur- 
gery, was born in New York City, a son of Dr. Joseph and Katie 
(Begg) O'Dwyer. His father was a prominent New York physician, 
and was noted for his discovery and development of interbation. 
Joseph O'Dwyer received a liberal classical education in the New 
York schools, St. Mary's College, of Montreal, Canada, and entered 
upon the study of medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
New York City, graduating from that institution in 1900 with the 
degree of M.D. From 1900 until 1902 he served as physician in the 
City Hospital, Blackwell's Island; from 1902-03 he was connected 
with the New York Foundling Hospital, and was house physician for 
five months at St. John's Guild Hospital; he also was identified with 
the clinics of the Roosevelt, Harlem, St. Vincent's and Vanderbilt 
hospitals. He was assistant attending surgeon at the St. Lawrence 
Hospital, attending physician of the New York Foundling Hospital, 
instructor of Orthopedic Surgery at the New York Post-Graduate 
Hospital and Medical College, Orthopedic Surgeon to the Post-Grad- 
uate Dispensary, Orthopedic Surgeon to the Nursery and Babies ' Hos- 
pital, and is physician in charge of the Free Industrial Cripple School. 
In religious views Dr. O 'Dwyer is a member of the Roman Catholic 
church. 
On January 7, 1913, Dr. O'Dwyer was married in New York City 
to Ethel Best, a daughter of George and Emma Best. They had two 
children, both of whom died at birth. Mrs. O'Dwyer passed away in 
May, 1916. 
TAANIEL ROE AYRES, M.D., one of the representative members 
of the medical fraternity in New York City, specializing in 
gynecology and obstetrics, is a native of Aquackanouck, New Jersey, 
born September 30, 1883, son of Dr. Morgan Wilcox Ayres, a graduate 
of Physicians and Surgeons College University, 1875, and his wife, 
Sarah Ella (Roe) Ayres, and grandson of Dr. Daniel Ayres, a famous 
physician of Brooklyn, New York, in his day. 
Dr. Daniel Roe Ayers, after completing his preparatory studies, en- 
tered Harvard University, from which institution he was graduated 262 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1905, and his professional train- 
ing was received in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Colum- 
bia University, which conferred the degree of Doctor of Medicine 
upon him in 1909. From the year of his graduation in medicine until 
1911, he served as interne in the Post-Graduate Hospital; was resident 
surgeon of Sloane Hospital from 1911 to 1913; assistant attending 
gynecologist of Sloane Hospital since the year 1914; gynecologist of 
Post-Graduate Hospital, out-patient department, since 1913; clinical 
assistant of Vanderbilt Clinic since 1913, and attending gynecologist 
of the same institution since 1916, also assisting visiting obstetrician 
of the City Hospital since 1916. He keeps in touch with his profes- 
sional brethren and with the advanced thought of the day along the 
line of his profession by membership in the American Medical Asso- 
ciation, State Medical Society, County Medical Society, and also holds 
membership in Sloane Alumni, Post-Graduate Hospital Alumni, of 
which he was treasurer, 1914-16, and president, 1916, and Clinical So- 
ciety, Post-Graduate Hospital, of which he was secretary, 1914-17. 
Dr. Ayres married, in New York City, 1913, Florence Middleton, 
daughter of George W. and Susy (Manahan) Middleton. They are 
the parents of one child, Daniel Middleton Ayres, born April 10,1914. 
ANTHONY BASSLER, M.D., former Assistant Professor of Pedia- 
tries at the University of New York and Bellevue Hospital Medi- 
cal College, is one of New York's leading specialists and a recog- 
nized authority in gastro-enterology. 
Dr. Bassler was born in New York City, May 24, 1874. He received 
a public school and high school education, and in 1895 entered Belle- 
vue Hospital Medical College, from which institution he graduated 
in 1898 with the degree of M.D. After further study, Dr. Bassler 
engaged in the general practice of his profession in New York, where 
he has since been successfully engaged, making a specialty of gastro- 
enterology, with offices at No. 21 West Seventy-fourth Street. He 
was for some years visiting physician to Bellevue Hospital Dispen- 
sary, and was assistant visiting surgeon to the New York Orthopedic 
Hospital and Dispensary. He was also identified for many years as a 
lecturer on the faculty of the New York University, and was Assistant 
Professor of Pediatrics at the same institution as well as the Bellevue 
Hospital Medical College, subsequently becoming attached to the 
medical department at the latter. Dr. Bassler is Professor of Gastro- 
Enterology in the New York Polyclinic, consulting physician to the 
Beth David Hospital and Christo Hospital, Jersey City, visiting phy- 
sician to the New York Polyclinic and gastro-enterologist to the 
Peoples' Hospital of New York, as well as chief gastro-enterologist 
at the German Poliklinik. As an author Dr. Bassler is well known 
among the medical fraternity as an able writer, having contributed 
to American literature many important articles dealing with his 
specialty, gastro-enterology, over a hundred of his writings being 
published in medical journals. Among his works are: Text-books, 
"Diseases of the Stomach and Upper Alimentary Tract;" "Diseases BIOGRAPHICAL 
263 
of the Intestines, Pancreas, Liver, and Rectum;" collaborator, 
Sajous's "Cyclopedia of Medicine." 
Dr. Bassler is a member of the New York State Medical Society, the 
American Medical Association, the New York Gastro-Enterological 
Society, New York Academy of Medicine, and the New York County 
Medical Society. He is also president of the Gastro-Enterological 
Club of New York. 
QILAS PALMER BEEBE, M.D., who specializes in the treatment of 
cancer and thyroid diseases, having made extensive researches in 
various lines connected with cancer and diseases of internal secretion, 
is a native of Michigan, born at St. Johns, Clinton county, April 22, 
1876, son of Aram and Emma L. Beebe, of that State. 
Dr. Silas Palmer Beebe acquired his elementary education in the 
schools of his native city, this proving a good foundation for his sub- 
sequent educational career, which was pursued at various institutions, 
namely: Valparaiso University, from which he received the degree 
of Bachelor of Science in 1896; Harvard University, from which he 
received the same degree in 1900; Yale University, from which he 
received the degree of Master of Science in 1902; Yale University, 
from which he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in 1904; 
and Cornell University, from which he received the degree of Doctor 
of Medicine in 1909. From his graduation until 1915, a period of six 
years, he served as Professor of Experimental Therapeutics at Cor- 
nell, and since then has made a specialty of cancer and kindred sub- 
jects and has also written a number of articles on this and other topics 
pertaining to his chosen line of work which have been published in 
medical journals and scientific magazines. He was a director of the 
Huntington Fund for Cancer Research, in which his services have been 
of inestimable value owing to his thorough knowledge of the subject, 
and he held membership in the American Physiological Society, So- 
ciety for Experimental Medicine and Biology, American Association of 
Pathologists and Bacteriologists, and a fellow of the American Asso- 
ciation for the Advancement of Science. He is also a member of Yale 
and Harvard clubs. He is a Unitarian in religion, and an Inde- 
pendent in politics. 
Dr. Beebe married in Valparaiso, Indiana, 1896, Mary E. Whitney; 
children: Doris, born 1898; Ruth, 1901; Palmer, 1905. 
T OSEPH LOUIS EDWARD FREY, M.D., graduate of Georgetown 
University Medical College, pathologist of Fordham University and 
Maternity hospitals, chief of gastro-intestinal clinic, West Side Ger- 
man Hospital Dispensary, assistant physician at the German Hospital, 
New York City, and a young physician who has shown good promise 
during his few years of practice and professional association with the 
eminent physicians of New York City, was born in New York City, 
August 28, 1884, the son of Joseph and Anna (Ziegler) Frey. 
Educated privately, and at the Schmidt Institute, New York City, 
Joseph L. E. Frey in 1904 entered the medical college of Georgetown 264 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
University, and with the intention of ultimately entering the medical 
profession devoted himself closely to the study of that science, by so 
doing being able to graduate on June 11, 1907, whereby he became 
entitled to the degree of Doctor of Medicine, which in due course was 
awarded him by the examiners of Georgetown University, and on 
October 4, of that year, he received license to engage in general medical 
practice within the State of New York. He, however, elected to take 
further post-graduate instruction, and with that object went abroad, 
gaining valuable experience in clinics of Berlin, Germany. Upon his 
return to New York City he took further study at the New York Post- 
Graduate Medical School, and undertook much research in gastro- 
intestinal problems. 
During his brief association with New York medicine, Dr. Frey has 
held many appointments; he was pathologist at Fordham University 
and at the Maternity Hospital clinic; formerly was chief of the gastro- 
intestinal clinic of the West Side German Hospital, and still is attend- 
ing physician in internal (female) diseases at the German Hospital 
Dispensary, and visiting physician of St. Francis Home. Dr. Frey has 
written some meritorious papers on medical subjects, particularly on 
subjects of his own specialty and his personal observation and re- 
search. While in Berlin he published an article on "Endometritis." 
He is a member of the Georgetown University Medical Graduates' 
Alumni Society; the American Guild of St. Luke's, of which he is 
treasurer; American Medical Association; County Medical Society; 
and is an associate of the German Hospital Clinical Society. He is 
engaged in general and special practice in New York City, with office 
at No. 333 East Eighty-seventh Street, and is steadily rising in the 
profession by skillful practice and indefatigable research. 
LJERMANN J. BOLDT, F.A.C.S., M.D., New York University, 
1 1 1879, one of the leading physicians of New York City, a gynecol- 
ogist of international repute, inventor of a number of surgical in- 
struments for gynecological use, and author of many writings upon 
medical subjects of research, was born on June 24, 1856, at Neuen- 
tempel, near Berlin, Germany, son of Hermann and Amalie Boldt. 
While still in early childhood, Hermann J. Boldt was brought to 
the United States by his parents, who located temporarily in Milwau- 
kee, Wisconsin. His preliminary education was acquired in the 
public school system. In 1875 he began medical studies in the 
office of Dr. A. B. Butler, of Fairbury, Nebraska, and took his first 
year in a St. Louis Medical College. He later came to New York 
City, and immediately entered the Medical College of New York 
University, graduating therefrom as Doctor of Medicine in Feb- 
ruary, 1879. Of his early years of meritorious effort prior to his at- 
tainment of the degree of Doctor of Medicine, record is contained in 
the authentic work "Universities and their Sons" (1903), edited by 
General Joshua L. Chamberlain, ex-president of Bowdoin College, 
and ex-governor of the State of Maine, from which record, pages 209 
and 210 of Volume II, the following is an excerpt: BIOGRAPHICAL 
265 
. . . long before reaching manhood, he (Hermann J. Boldt) was thrown upon 
his own resources. For years he allowed himself no more sleep than three or 
four hours a day, and thus was able to do much work and to pursue his studies. 
He aimed at the medical profession, and not having the means to pursue at once 
a course of medical study, he made pharmacy a stepping-stone thereto. He 
studied and practiced pharmacy until he had acquired the necessary means. Then 
he entered the medical college of New York University, and was graduated in 
the class of 1879. 
His merit as a student, and the honorable place he secured in the 
graduating class of his year, gained him favorable recognition, and 
he was invited to become identified with the University as assistant 
to Dr. Fallen, the Professor of Diseases of Women, in the medical 
department of the New York University. In that year, 1879, Dr. 
Boldt also opened office in New York City for private practice, which 
office he maintained continuously (in general practice) until 1891, 
and thereafter devoting his attention and practice exclusively to 
gynecological work, the results attending his study and treatment of 
gynecological eases bringing him high rank in the profession. 
From the position of assistant to Dr. Fallen at New York Univer- 
sity, Dr. Boldt advanced to that of instructor in New York Post- 
Graduate Medical School and Hospital, and he has since held his con- 
nection with the well-known medical school, being at present Profes- 
sor of Gynecology thereat. Dr. Boldt is also gynecologist to the Ger- 
man Polykliniki and to St. Mark's Hospital, and consulting gynecolo- 
gist to the Beth Israel Hospital, St. Vincent's Hospital, the Philan- 
thropin Hospital, and Union Hospital, appointments he has held for 
many years. 
As a specialist, Dr. Boldt has achieved many noteworthy successes; 
he is indefatigable in his research, and has made almost yearly voy- 
ages to Europe, so that he might observe and study the latest ad- 
vances made in medical science, particularly in gynecology, in the 
noted European centers of medicine. In his American work, Dr. 
Boldt gained distinction by his original investigation into the physi- 
ological action of cocaine. He was well in the lead of American 
physicians in advocating vaginal hysterectomy for cancer, when that 
method of operation was prevalent. As an inventor of surgical in- 
struments, Dr. Boldt has given the profession useful implements, 
and an operating table of his invention was awarded a medal at 
the Paris Exposition in 1900. 
Dr. Boldt's many literary contributions to leading medical journals 
have enhanced his own reputation as well as enlightened the pro- 
fession upon many subjects of experiment and research by Dr. Boldt. 
Among his important published papers are those on: "Salpingitis," 
"The Treatment of Suppurative Diseases of the Uterine Appendages," 
"The Advantage of Doing Intermediate Trachelorrhaphy," "Cardiac 
Neurosis, due to Uterine Displacements," "Histology of the Uterine 
Mucosa," "The Manual Treatment of Pelvic Diseases," "Exfoliative 
Cystitis," "The Treatment of Posterior Displacements of the Uterus," 
and numerous other contributions, besides writing chapters in gyne- 
cological text-books. 266 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
In professional organizations Dr. Boldt has been active and promi- 
nent, having held high executive office in many of the leading medical 
associations; he is ex-chairman of the gynecological section of the 
New York Academy of Medicine, ex-president of New York Obstet- 
rical Society; ex-president of the German Medical Society; and is a 
member of the American Gynecological Society, the American Medical 
Association, the American Urological Society, the American Thera- 
peutic Association, the New York Academy of Medicine, the New 
York Pathological Society, the New York Obstetrical Society, the 
Southern Surgical and Gynecological Society, the Medical Society 
of the State of New York, the New York County Medical Association, 
and also has the honor of membership in the British and German 
Gynecological societies, the two latter affiliations marking his stand- 
ing as a gynecologist of international note. 
Dr. Boldt was married, in 1891, to Hedwig Kruger, the daughter of 
a publisher, of Berlin, Germany. Child of the marriage, Herman 
St. John, commissioned first lieutenant, was killed somewhere in 
France, on July 20, 1918 (aerial observer). 
D EYNOLDS WEBB WILCOX, M.D., LL.D., D.C.L., prominent 
New York City specialist, author and historian, was born at 
Madison, Connecticut, March 29, 1856, and in a distinguished medical 
career of thirty-four years has been honored by election to the high- 
est executive offices of many of the Nation's leading medical organi- 
zations. 
He was an apt student, combining perseverance with a ready 
capacity for learning, and his undergraduate days were an earnest 
of the future eminence to which his ability and application would 
carry him. After preliminary education in local schools, Reynold 
Webb Wilcox entered upon higher academic and medical training, 
gaining distinction at Yale and Harvard universities, his progress 
being marked by degrees obtained, viz: Bachelor of Arts, Yale Uni- 
versity, 1878; Master of Arts, Hobart College, 1881; Doctor of Medi- 
cine, Harvard University, 1881. Other degrees since conferred upon 
him because of his eminence in medical science are: LL.D., Maryville 
College, 1892; and D.C.L., Wittenberg College, of which honor he 
was made the recipient in 1915. 
In the practice of his profession he had given much of his time to 
New York Hospital work; was visiting physician at St. Mark's Hos- 
pital, 1894-1910, and consulting physician since the latter date; con- 
culting physician of Nassau Hospital since 1903; and of the Ossining 
Hospital and of Eastern Long Island Hospital since 1913; and of the 
New Jersey State Hospital since 1917. 
Dr. Wilcox has had a large practical experience in his profession, 
but also has been indefatigable in his research work, and has paid 
many visits to European medical centres; making a prolonged stay 
in Europe shortly after receiving his medical degree, doing post- 
graduate work at Vienna, Heidelberg, Paris, and Edinburgh in 1881- 
82; and he has since pursued further study at Paris and London from BIOGRAPHICAL 
267 
1889 to 1901, and from 1903 to 1908, while for eighteen years, 1890- 
1908, he was Professor of Medicine at the New York Post-Graduate 
Medical School and Hospital. 
His literary contributions have been many and meritorious, their 
value to the medical world being indicated by the number of editions 
attained by some of the works, his "Materia Medica and Therapeu- 
tics," having exhausted ten editions since 1892; "Fever Nursing for 
Nurses," two editions since 1904; "Treatment of Disease, a Man- 
ual of Practical Medicine," four editions since 1907. Dr. Wilcox was 
Therapeutic editor of the American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 
from 1891 to 1908, and has contributed about four hundred journal 
articles. He is a prolific writer, and outside his technical works has 
to his credit the following books: "The Descendants of William Wil- 
coxson, Vincent Meigs and Richard Webb," and "Madison, Her Sol- 
diers." Dr. Wilcox has gained distinction by his scientific investi- 
gations in clinical therapeutics, and is to-day a specialist in inter- 
nal medicine of high repute. 
That Dr. Wilcox's standing in medical circles is high, is obvious by 
the mere recounting of the offices to which he has been elected in 
many of the leading national medical societies. He is active in the 
following organizations: American Therapeutic Society, of which he 
was president during the years 1901-02; American Congress on In- 
ternal Medicine, of which Dr. Wilcox was president, 1915-17; Ameri- 
can College of Physicians, to the presidency of which he was elected 
in 1915 for a five-year term; Society of Medical Jurisprudence, Dr. 
Wilcox having been its president during the years 1911-13; Ameri- 
can Association of Medical Jurisprudence, president, 1913-14; Medi- 
cal Association of Greater New York, president, 1910-14; Association 
Medical Reserve Corps, United States Army, of which he was presi- 
dent, 1914-16; Harvard Medical Society, president, 1894-95. Dr. 
Wilcox is also a member of the following medical organizations: 
American Academy of Medicine, American Association for Advance- 
ment of Science; American Association of Military Surgeons; Con- 
necticut State Medical Society (Honorary). He held the vice-presi- 
dency of the United States Pharmacopoeial Convention, 1900-10; 
and vice-chairman of the United States Pharmacopoeial Revision 
Committee during the same period. 
Dr. Wilcox's life during the last decade, and most of the previous 
decade, has in great measure been devoted to affairs of moment in 
the medical world. He is a member of the Episcopal church. He 
belongs to the Metropolitan, Church, and Army and Navy (Wash- 
ington) clubs, but it is evident that his life is given wholly to the 
practice and furtherance of medical science. 
Dr. Wilcox from 1910 to 1917 held the rank of first lieutenant 
in the Medical Reserve Corps, United States Army. In April, 1917, 
he was commissioned major and served as instructor at Fort Ogle- 
thorpe, Georgia, until November, 1917, when he was honorably dis- 
charged. He is the eighth generation to hold a commission in the mili- 
tary forces in this country since 1636. His father, Vincent Meigs 268 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Wilcox, was also connected with the National Army, having been in 
the service during the Civil War, rising to the rank of colonel, com- 
manding the One Hundred and Thirty-second Regiment of Penn- 
sylvania Volunteers. 
Dr. Wilcox's genealogy connects him with prominent New Eng- 
land families of Colonial times, as on the paternal side he is a de- 
scendant of William Wilcoxson, one of the original settlers of Strat- 
ford, Connecticut, who leaving St. Alban's, England, landed in 
America in 1635, whilst through his mother, Catherine Millicent 
(Webb) Wilcox, Dr. Wilcox is linked to the Webb family, the progeni- 
tor of which was Richard Webb, of Gloucestershire, England, who in 
1636 settled in Stamford, Connecticut. Another distinguished scion 
of the Webb family was General Samuel Blatchley Webb, aide-de- 
camp to General Washington during the War of the Revolution. Both 
of his grandmothers were descendants of Vincent Meigs, of Bradford- 
Peverill near Plymouth, England, who settled in East Guilford, now 
Madison, Connecticut, in 1643. From the same progenitor was 
Charles Delucena. Meigs, the noted obstetrician, and his son, John 
Forsyth Meigs, the surgeon, and his grandson, Arthur Vincent Meigs, 
the specialist in Diseases of Children, all of Philadelphia. Through 
his maternal grandmother he is connected with the Field family, so 
noted, in various directions, in American history. Through his 
ancestors, on his own military services, he is a member of the socie- 
ties of the American Wars, Colonial Wars, Sons of the Revolution, 
War of 1812, Loyal Legion and Foreign Wars. 
In 1917, Dr. Wilcox married Grace Clarkson, daughter of Colonel 
Floyd Clarkson, a distinguished soldier in the Civil War, and who 
was a descendant of William Floyd, a signer of the Declaration of 
Independence, and Harriet (Von Boskoerck) Floyd, who was of an 
old Knickerbocker family. 
TJAROLD M. HAYS, Master of Arts, Doctor of Medicine, fellow of 
1 1 the American College of Surgeons, specialist, inventor, author, 
educator, instructor in Clinical Laryngology and Otology at the Col- 
lege of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, holder of 
many appointments of the surgical staffs of New York City hospitals, 
and a young New York City surgeon who is rapidly winning sub- 
stantial advancement in the profession, was born in the city of 
Rochester, New York, September 26, 1880, the son of Isaac M. and 
Laura (Garson) Hays. 
Harold M. Hays passed through the public schools of Rochester, 
and then came to New York City, where he obtained further public 
school instruction, eventually entering the College of the City of 
New York, subsequently pursuing the advanced classical course at 
Columbia University, New York. From this institution he gradu- 
ated, with the class of 1902, and gained the degree of Bachelor of 
Arts, after the accomplishment of which he devoted his time and 
thought almost exclusively to the study of medical science at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, which is the BIOGRAPHICAL 
269 
medical department of Columbia University. In 1905 he graduated 
and was awarded the degree of Doctor of Medicine, the result of close 
application on his part to the study of theoretical and practical medi- 
cine during the three years of his studentship, during which he mani- 
fested a marked aptitude for the profession, and an inclination to 
delve deeply into the science. 
Since his graduation in medicine, Dr. Hays has given considerable 
time to research, which has taken the line of the specialty in which 
he is rapidly gaining success. His understanding of diseases of 
the nose, throat and ear has during his decade of practice brought 
him many important appointments to New York City institutions; he 
is or has been assistant surgeon and otological and clinical registrar 
of the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary; attending laryngological 
and otological surgeon to Philanthropin Hospital, New York City, and 
to the Hebrew Infant Asylum; assistant laryngologist and otologist at 
the New York City Hospital; assistant larynologist at the New York 
Polyclinic Hospital; and adjunct surgeon of Riverside Hospital, 
New York City. 
As an educator, Dr. Hays is in good standing and is doing useful 
work; he is instructor in Clinical Laryngology and Otology at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, Columbia Univer- 
sity, and is chief of nose and throat clinics of the New York Poly- 
clinic Medical School and Hospital. As a writer on subjects relating 
to medicine, and particularly to his specialty, Dr. Hays has given evi- 
dence of ability and wide knowledge of the science. Some of his 
works have been important contributions to the literature of the pro- 
fession; he is the author of " Quiz-Compend of Physiological Chem- 
istry," "Hypnotism, its History, Nature, and Use," and of many 
monographs on otological and laryngological problems, published in 
medical journals of the country. Dr. Hays is also coming to the 
front in another phase of usefulness to the profession; he has in- 
vented many useful surgical instruments and appliances; his inven- 
tions of recent years including "Hays Pharyngoscope," "Hays Mid- 
get Head Lamp," "Uvulatone," and "Peri-tonsillar Incisor." 
Besides fellowship in the American College of Surgeons, Dr. Hays 
holds membership in the following medical organizations: American 
Academy of Ophthalmological and Oto-Laryngological Surgeons, The 
American Medical Association, the Medical Society of the State of 
New York, the New York Academy of Medicine, the Medical Society 
of the County of New York, the Greater New York Medical Asso- 
ciation, the Harlem (New York) Medical Society, the Manhattan 
(New York) Medical Society, the American Society of Medicine and 
Economics, the Tri-Professional and Hunterian societies, the Phy- 
sicians' Mutual Aid Association of New York, the Association of Mili- 
tary Surgeons; and in 1902, while at Columbia, he was made a mem- 
ber of the Sigma Psi Kappa Chapter. Dr. Hays has been on active 
service with the United States Army since war was declared. On 
October 2, 1917, he went overseas with the Presbyterian Hospital 
Unit. He was in the first battle of Cambrai in November, 1917, and 270 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
lived in the front-line trenches for nearly four months. He is now 
(1918) commanding officer of a large Base Hospital in the South of 
France. He was commissioned major in February, 1918. 
On January 12, 1907, Dr. Hays was married to Ethel Hallie Spear. 
The issue of the marriage is one son, Harold M., Jr., born March 15, 
1909. 
T AMES JOSEPH KING, A.B., M.D., specialist in Diseases of the 
** Ear, Nose and Throat, attending Laryngologist to the Hospital of 
Ruptured and Crippled, New York City, Assistant Surgeon in Otol- 
ogy at the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Chief-of-Clinic of Ear, 
Nose and Throat, at Gouverneur Hospital, has already attained a 
fixed place of prominence in his profession, a fact which derives ad- 
ditional weight from the circumstance that Dr. King is still a young 
man in the early prime of his years. Whether as physician, author, 
or as an important factor in the affairs of medical institutions, 
he is characterized by abilities of a superior order. His native 
talents developed by solid acquirements and disciplined by re- 
search and practice gives to him a fine equipment of learning and 
skill. 
James Joseph King was born at Columbia, Tennessee, March 9, 
1882, a son of Meredith David and Katherine Lavinia Jane (Smith) 
King, the former at one time a well-known business man and leading 
citizen of that State. He attended the public schools of Columbia 
and completed his classical education at the University of Tennessee, 
graduating therefrom with the degree of A.B. in 1904. He entered 
upon the study of medicine in the medical department of the Univer- 
sity of Tennessee, but completed his medical course at the University 
of Louisville, from which he graduated with the degree of M.D. in 
1907. Immediately upon receiving his degree he received an appoint- 
ment as interne at the Knoxville General Hospital, where he re- 
mained for one year, when he went to Philadelphia where he became 
resident physician at the Children's Hospital during 1907-08. After 
completing his service at the Children's Hospital, he engaged in 
private practice at Freeland, Pennsylvania, continuing until 1911, 
when he came to New York City to take up research work and ex- 
perimental medicine in diseases of the ear, nose and throat. He 
was house surgeon at St. Bartholomew's Clinic during 1911-12, and 
in 1913 opened offices in New York City, limiting his practice to the 
treatment of the ear, nose and throat. Dr. King has given the 
branch in which he specializes, profound study, the extent of his 
research and understanding being evident in his practice and in his 
writings. In the field of authorship, Dr. King has made many con- 
tributions of noteworthy merit to medical literature, one of his 
most important productions being a book on "Diseases of the Ear, 
Nose and Throat, from the Practitioners' Viewpoint," published in 
1916, that was well received by the profession, the entire book having 
been run through several editions of the "International Journal of 
Surgery." Dr. King devised a tonsil enucleator, and in his research 272 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Medicine. Determined thereafter to devote his time exclusively to 
medicine, instead of to the other profession in which he had alsg 
graduated, he attached himself as interne of the Charity Hospital, 
New York City, between 1881 and 1883, his interneship being passed 
as house physician at the workhouse and almshouse branch of the 
hospital. In 1884 and 1885, Dr. Carter held an appointment under 
the Board of Health of New York City and also opened office for the 
private practice of his profession. He had pursued the study of 
the heart and respiratory organs, and eventually became especially 
recognized as an authority of these diseases. In 1884, he was ap- 
pointed visiting physician to the Northeastern Dispensary, continuing 
as such until 1893. In 1884, he also became visiting physician to 
the St. Luke's Home for Indigent Females, holding connection with 
that institution until 1897, and during the years 1894-96 becoming 
president of the medical board thereof. At present Dr. Carter is 
visiting physician to the New York Nose, Throat and Lung Hospital, 
attending to the heart and lung cases. 
Throughout his more than thirty years of connection with medicine 
in New York City and State, Dr. Carter has held affiliation with some 
of the main medical organizations; he is a fellow of the New York 
Academy of Medicine, and member of the Medical Society of the 
State of New York, of the American Medical Association, of the 
Medical Society of the County of New York, of the New York Patho- 
logical Society, of the New York Medical and Surgical Society, of the 
Lenox Medical and Surgical Society, the American Electro-Therapeu- 
tic Society and the Physicians' Mutual Aid Association of New York. 
Fraternally, Dr. Carter belongs to the Delta Upsilon Society, to the 
Alumni of the University of the City of New York, and the Alumni, 
class of 1878 of the University of the City of New York, and the 
Alumni of Columbia University Medical College. He was past 
master workman of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, 1886; 
was past district deputy grand master in 1887, and past member of 
the grand finance committee, 1888. In the Royal Arcanum order, 
Dr. Carter was past regent in 1889, and he has also been prominent in 
Masonic circles; was past master of Alma Lodge, No. 728, in 1894; 
past high priest of Amity Chapter, No. 160, in 1893; member of 
Union Council, Royal and Select Masters; surgeon of Palestine Com- 
mandery, Knights Templar; member of the Lodge of Perfection, Rose 
Croix, the Council of Princes of Jerusalem Consistory, thirty-second 
degree, and a noble of the Mystic Shrine, Mecca Temple. Also dis- 
trict deputy grand master of masons of the State of New York, 1915, 
1916. 
IT AUSTIN COSSITT, M.D., Specialist in Gastro-Entrology, is 
1 one of New York's representative physicians. As an instruc- 
tor, his success has been founded on extensive research and upon 
wide and varied experience. 
H. Austin Cossitt was born at Owosso, Michigan, April 7,1872, a son 
of Charles Homer and Almira (Fairman) Cossitt. He received his BIOGRAPHICAL 
273 
classical education in the public school of his native place and grad- 
uated from the High School of Michigan. He then entered the medi- 
cal department of Cornell University, where he graduated in 1899 
with the degree of M.D. He then became an interne at the Bellevue 
Hospital, New York, for the valuable and varied experience he would 
receive there. During the Spanish-American War he was an acting as- 
sistant surgeon in the United States Army. Later he became con- 
sulting physician and gastro-entrologist to the Morristown Memorial 
Hospital, Morristown, New Jersey, also acted in a similar capacity at 
the All Souls' Hospital of the same place and time. He is also 
assistant physician at the New York Polyclinic Hospital, and deputy 
physician to the New York Hospital. Recognized as an authority on 
gastro-entrology, Dr. Cossitt was for many years lecturer on Gastro- 
Entrology at the New York Polyclinic Medical School, now being a 
member of the surgical staff. Dr. Cossitt has given much time to 
research and also to the affairs of the various medical associations 
with which he has affiliated himself. 
He is a member of the New York County Medical Association, New 
York State Medical Society, the Academy of Medicine, Greater New 
York Medical Association, the American Medical Association, New 
Jersey State Medical Association, Roentgen Rays Association of 
Greater New York, Gastro-Entrology Club, and the Society of Alumni 
of Bellevue Hospital, and a charter member of Phi Alpha Sigma Fra- 
ternity of Cornell University, and several social clubs. He is a hon- 
orary member of the Morristown Medical Society, which honor was 
conferred upon him in recognition of his meritorious service to that 
community through his work at the Morristown Memorial Hospital 
and the All Souls' Hospital of that place. He is a commissioned 
captain in the Medical Reserve Corps of the United States Army. In 
the field of authorship, Dr. Cossitt has written much that has been of 
interest and value to the profession, among his more notable con- 
tributions must be mentioned articles upon the subject of "Gastro* 
Entrology," which indicates Dr. Cossitt's depth of research and 
knowledge of the subject of which he has become a master, his entire 
time and work being given up to the specialty of abdominal diagnosis 
from a medical and surgical point. 
In 1902, Dr. Cossitt was married to Pauline Burns, a daughter of 
Robert and Adrienne (Calvin) Burns, of New York City. They have 
two daughters, Adrienne, who is now fourteen years of age, and Ann, 
less than one year of age. 
ARTER STANARD COLE, M.D., former Adjunct Professor of 
Surgery at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hos- 
pital, holds a foremost rank among New York's representative phy- 
sicians. He is not only distinguished as a surgeon and instructor, 
but is well known as an author on medical subjects, as well as in the 
field of general authorship. 
Carter S. Cole was born in Culpeper, Virginia, December 8, 1862, 
a son of John and Fanny Eleanor (Thompson) Cole. His father, an 274 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Episcopal clergyman and a scholar of note, personally supervised the 
son's early educational training, which was as thorough as his 
later professional studies were extensive. He attended the St. 
Thomas' School, Owings Mills, Maryland, from 1874 to 1876, and 
the Episcopal High School, Alexandria, Virginia, during 1876-1877, 
and the Bellevue High School, Bellevue, Virginia, from 1877 to 1881. 
In the latter year he entered the University of Virginia, where he 
distinguished himself, graduating in French, Latin, Chemistry, Phi- 
losophy and several other subjects, and in 1885 he took up the medical 
course at the same institution, graduating therefrom in 1887 with the 
degree of M.D. He then entered the Charity Hospital at Blackwell's 
Island, New York, where he remained for eighteen months, from 1887 
to 1889, when he joined the staff of the New York Hospital, House of 
Relief, Chambers Street, remaining for eighteen months, at the ex-» 
piration of which time he engaged in the private practice of his pro- 
fession in New York, specializing in surgery and general practice. 
He was identified with the New York Hospital, out-patients, surgical 
department, 1891-1892, the New York Post-Graduate Medical School 
and Hospital, surgical department, from 1890 to 1910, and was ad- 
junct Professor of Surgery at the same institution. Dr. Cole has 
written many articles on medical subjects that have been of interest 
and value to the profession. Among his contributions are: ' ' Oxygen 
with Ether for Anaesthesia," "A Rapid Method for the Reduction of 
Dislocations of the Humerus," "A Splint for Fractured Clavicle," 
"An Improved Method of Treament for Fracture of Both Bones of 
Forearm," etc. Dr. Cole has also written the following poems and 
verse: "Lays and Lyrics," "The Witch Song," (Hexenlied von Wil- 
denbruck) English version, and many other translations from the 
Italian, French and German. 
Dr. Cole has been a member of the following professional, fraternal 
and social organizations: The American Medical Association, New 
York County Medical Society, New York State Medical Society, West 
End Medical Society, Society of the Alumni of the New York Hos- 
pital, Society of Alumni of Charity Hospital, New York Academy of 
Medicine, the Colonial, Manhattan, and Whist clubs, of New York, 
and the Atlantic Yacht, Calumet and Pleiades clubs. He is a Dem- 
ocrat in politics, and in sympathy with the Episcopal church. Dr. 
Cole has been appointed a captain in the Medical Officers' Reserve 
Corps, and his first assignment in the war with Germany was the 
Camp Hospital, Camp Mills, Long Island. 
T OHN JOSEPH MacPHEE, M.D., Specialist in Neurology and 
Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases at the New York Post- 
Graduate Medical School and Hospital, also Clinical Professor of 
Neurology at the New York Polyclinic Hospital and Medical School, 
is a profound student of mental and nervous diseases, Dr. MacPhee's 
success has been founded upon extensive research and practice. 
John Joseph MacPhee was born in Prince Edward Island, in the 
Dominion of Canada. He received his classical education at the BIOGRAPHICAL 
275 
Prince of Wales College, at Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, 
afterwards entering the University of Vermont, where he graduated 
with honors in 1890 with the degree of M.D., also winning the Gold 
Medal for first place among the graduated of his year. In 1890 Dr. 
MacPhee came to New York City to engage in further study and re- 
search in his specialty, and in the same year he engaged in the private 
practice of his profession in this city, in which he has since con- 
tinued successfully. Besides being Clinical Professor at the New 
York Polyclinic Hospital and Medical School, and Professor of 
Nervous and Mental Diseases at the New York Post-Graduate Medical 
School and Hospital, he is also Visiting Neurologist at the latter in- 
stitution, and in 1906 was appointed Neurologist at St. Francis Hos- 
pital, which position he still retains. He is Neurologist at St. John's 
Hospital, Long Island City, Miserecordia Hospital and Training 
School for Nurses, the Bronx Eye and Ear Infirmary, and Neurolo- 
gist on the Medical Advisory Appeal Board, National Army, 1917. 
Dr. MacPhee is an associate member of the American Academy of 
Medicine, a member of the Medical Society of the State of New York, 
the New York County Medical Society, member of the Neurological 
Society of New York, of which association he was formerly a censor 
and chairman of the board, a member of the North Western Medical 
and Surgical Society, and the Valentine Mott Medical Society. He is 
also a member of the Royal Academy of Medicine of Great Britain. 
In 1899, in New York City, Dr. MacPhee was married to Louise 
Zerviah Wells, a daughter of Joseph and Julia Augusta (Bullock) 
Wells. They have one child, a daughter, Fiona Wells MacPhee, born 
February 12, 1903. 
ARTHUR BALDWIN DUEL, M.D., F.A.C.S., eminent aural sur- 
2 k geon and specialist in otology and former Professor of Otology 
at the New York Polyclinic Medical School and Hospital for many 
years, is one of New York's foremost specialists in his chosen field 
of practice. 
Arthur B. Duel was horn in Granville, New York, December 14, 
1870, a son of Hiram D. and Almera J. (Hicks) Duel. After obtain- 
ing a preliminary academic education, he entered upon the study of 
medicine at the medical school of Harvard University, graduating 
with the class of 1894, with the degree of M.D., cum laude. While 
still an undergraduate he had observed and participated in much 
clinical work, and after receiving his degree Dr. Duel became a mem- 
ber of the house staff of the Boston City Hospital as an interne, after- 
wards coming to New York City in 1894, where he engaged in the 
private practice of his profession and where he has since been suc- 
cessfully engaged. He became connected with several New York hos- 
pitals, and pursued extensive research in the cause, cure and pre- 
vention of diseases of the ear, nose and throat, his research and 
findings receiving prominent notice in medical literature. In 1908 
Dr. Duel was appointed a member of the faculty of the New York 
Polyclinic Medical School in the capacity of Professor of Otology, 276 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
which, position he held for eight years. He is at the present time 
identified with the following hospitals: Manhattan Eye, Ear and 
Throat, of which he is Aural Surgeon, and one of the board of direc- 
tors, consulting Aural Surgeon to the Willard Parker, Riverside and 
Reception hospitals, and the New York City Board of Health and 
holds similar staff positions to the New York Skin and Cancer Hos- 
pital, and is otologist to the Babies' Hospital. 
In the field of authorship, Dr. Duel is well known for his con- 
tributions to medical literature, and has written much that has been 
of interest and value to his profession. Among his many monographs 
and articles published in leading medical journals of the country may 
be noted the following: 
"A Preliminary Note on a New Method of Dilating Strictures of the Eus- 
tachian Tube by Means of the Galvanic Current" (N. Y. Med. Jnl., Jan., 1897); 
"The Value of Electrolytic Dilation of the Eustachian Tubes in Chronic Tubal 
Catarrh, and Chronic Catarrhal Otitis Media" (Amer. Jnl. of Med. Sci., April, 
1900); "Report of a Case of Empyema of the Antrum of Highmore of Fifteen 
Years' Duration, Due to a Foreign Body, Operation, Recovery" (N. Y. Med. 
Jnl., Dec., 1900); "Acute Otitis Media and Acute Mastoiditis in Scarlet Fever, 
Measles and Diphtheria" (a clinical report of six thousand cases and published 
in Medical Review of Reviews, March, 1901); "The Operative Treatment of 
Stenosis of the Larynx Following Intubation and Tracheotomy, Report and Exhi- 
bition of Cases" (N. Y. Med. Jnl., May, 1903); "The Possibilities and Limi- 
tations of the Electrolytic Bougie in the Treatment of Chronic Catarrhal Otitis" 
(The Laryngoscope, July, 1903); "Cases Illustrating Difficulties in Diagnosis 
of Intra-Cranial Extension of Suppurative Otitis, in the Presence of a Pul- 
monary Complication" (The Laryngoscope, St. Louis, Mo., Jan., 1905); "The 
Operative Treatment of Chronic Suppurative Otitis" (N. Y. Med. Jnl., and Phila- 
delphia Med. Jnl., April, 1905); "The Technique of Eustachian Electrolysis" 
(from the Transactions of the A. L. R. & O. Society, Jan., 1909); "The Clinical 
and Pathological Significance of Bacterisemia in Suppurative Otitis" (N. Y. Med. 
Jnl., Oct. 30, 1909); Author of "Otology for Progressive Medicine," 1907 to 1914 
(Lea & Febiger, publishers, Philadelphia); ' ' Orientation and Equilibration ' ' 
(N. Y. Med. Jnl., March 25, 1916); "Suppurative Labyrinthitis, A Critical Re- 
view of its Diagnosis and Treatment" (Boston Med. and Surg. Jnl., March 8, 
1917). 
Dr. Duel is a fellow of the American College of Surgeons, a mem- 
ber of the New York Otological Society, New York Academy of 
Medicine, Harvard Medical Society of New York, New York County 
Medical Society, Medical Association of Greater New York, State 
Medical Society, American Medical Association, The American Oto- 
logical Society, The American Laryngological, Rhinological, and 
Otological Society, and the alumni societies of Harvard Medical School 
and Boston City Hospital. Dr. Duel is also a member of the Calumet, 
Racquet and Tennis, Harvard, Riding, Sleepy Hollow Country, and 
Clove Valley Rod and Gun clubs. 
On December 11, 1907, Dr. Duel was married in New Orleans, La., 
to Mary Key Crawford, of Marshall, Texas, daughter of J. D. and 
Hobart (Key) Crawford. They have two children: Mary Hobart, 
born December 1, 1908, and Arthur Baldwin, Jr., born May 3, 1912. 
Dr. Duel maintains a country home at Pawling, Dutchess County, 
New York, an estate of a thousand acres, where he conducts a private 
fish and game preserve. BIOGRAPHICAL 
277 
AVILLIAM NORRIS HUBBARD, A.M., M.D., New York Special- 
r v ist in Diseases of the Throat, was born at Greenwich, Connec- 
ticut, November 2, 1861, son of Luther Prescott and Mary C. (Ten- 
ney) Hubbard. 
After good preparatory education at Greenwich Academy, William 
Norris Hubbard entered Williams' College, where he gained many 
distinctions, among which were: Commencement Oration; Class Day 
Prophet; President, Philotechnian Society; and Adelphi Union De- 
bater. Although popular with his classmates, and prominent in 
various collegiate activities, his main achievement at Williams' Col- 
lege was, of course, the winning of the degree of Bachelor of Arts, 
in 1883, four years later to be re-enforced by the Master degree of 
that noted college. After his graduation in 1883, William Norris 
Hubbard immediately commenced professional study at the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, from which medical 
college he graduated as Doctor of Medicine in 1887. As in his 
academic study at Williams' College, so in his specialized scientific 
learning at the College of Physicians and Surgeons did Hubbard dis- 
tinguish himself, graduating with honors. 
His good work as a student was followed by an honor appointment 
as interne at Bellevue Hospital, New York City, of which hospital he 
was later appointed house physician. Later he opened an office for 
the general practice of medicine, but his standing within the profes- 
sion, as an authority on diseases of the throat and of general medicine, 
has caused his retention in official capacity by many hospitals, some of 
his appointments during the last twenty-five years, in addition to 
that of house physician of Bellevue Hospital, having been: Attending 
physician, out-patients department, Bellevue Hospital; assistant phy- 
sician, Demilt Dispensary, diseases of skin; instructor and lecturer in 
diseases of the chest, and general medicine, at the New York Poly- 
clinic Medical School and Hospital. At present his chief hospital 
work is at the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, in his duties 
as assistant surgeon of the throat department. 
Dr. Hubbard is affiliated with the following Medical societies: New 
York County Medical Society; American Medical Association; Medi- 
cal Society of the State of New York; Academy of Medicine; medical 
board of the New England Society, in the City of New York; Society 
of Alumni of Bellevue Hospital. He also belongs to the University 
Club, New York City. 
T ASPER JEWETT GARMANY, Master of Arts of Princeton Uni- 
versity, Doctor of Medicine of Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 
New York, internationally known as a surgeon, the recipient of honors 
from leading medical organizations of Great Britain, including fellow- 
ship in the Royal College of Surgeons, and membership in the British 
Medical Association, and for many years, as Professor of Clinical Sur- 
gery, a member of the faculty of New York University medical de- 
partment, has during his thirty-four years of association with New 278 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
York medicine gained for himself a worthy place among the New 
York surgeons of to-day. 
He was born in the city of Savannah, Georgia, February 3, 1859, 
the son of George Washington and Jane Marie (Champion) Garmany, 
of Savannah, Ga. After having obtained the necessary preparatory 
education, Jasper J. Garmany, in 1876, entered Princeton University, 
where he pursued the arts course, which eventually brought him into 
the possession of the Princeton degree of Bachelor of Arts, when he 
graduated with the class of 1879. Ultimately, the Master of Arts de- 
gree was conferred upon him by the authorities of Princeton Univer- 
sity. This distinction he received in 1882, the year in which he also 
became entitled to the degree of Doctor of Medicine because of his 
graduation in medicine at the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 
New York City, of which famous medical school he had been an 
undergraduate since 1879. Having been awarded his medical degree, 
Dr. Garmany sought and obtained an appointment to the resident 
surgical staff of the Bellevue Hospital, and there remained as in- 
terne during 1882 and 1883. Subsequently, he went to Europe for 
a post-graduate course in surgery, and in 1885 gained one of the 
highest honors open to British surgeons-election to fellowship in the 
Royal College of Surgeons. Returning to New York City, Dr. Gar- 
many entered private practice, and also formed some hospital asso- 
ciations. From 1887 to 1897 he held the position of visiting sur- 
geon to the Ninety-ninth Street Hospital, New York City, and for 
five years, 1886-90, was attending surgeon to Bellevue Hospital, out- 
patient's department. 
Dr. Garmany has for many years been prominent in the edu- 
cational part of medical work in New York; he was first appointed 
instructor in operative surgery at the Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- 
lege in the year 1886, and when that college was in 1898 amalgamated 
with the Medical College of the New York University, and the facul- 
ties of both colleges had to be re-arranged, Dr. Garmany was ap- 
pointed Clinical Professor of Surgery in the combined University 
and Bellevue Hospital Medical College. As such he continued to act 
until 1916, and his long association with the medical school has 
brought under his preceptorship many students who later became 
prominent surgeons of the state and country. Dr. Garmany has 
been a steady contributor to American medical literature, and many 
of his papers have been published in medical journals of the country. 
Among the written and published works of Dr. Garmany are : ' ' Opera- 
tive Surgery on the Cadaver"Trephining in Traumatic Insanity; " 
"Reduction of Old Dislocations by Arthrotomy;" "Psoas Abscess." 
Dr. Garmany's office address is No. 33 West Forty-second Street, 
New York City. He is a fellow of the New York Academy of Medi- 
cine, and a member of the British Medical Association, and takes 
interest in the alumni affairs of Bellevue Hospital Society. 
CHARLES WALDO STICKLE, M.D., Specialist in Otology, Rhinol- 
ogy and Laryngology and Professor of Otology at Long Island BIOGRAPHICAL 
279 
College Hospital, as well as a recognized authority in aural surgery, 
occupies a foremost place among Brooklyn medical men. 
Charles W. Stickle was born in Elba, Genesee County, New York, 
November 2, 1870, a son of Charles Wesley and Emily Anna (.Waldo) 
Stickle. His father was a distinguished educator, having been a Pro- 
fessor of Mathematics and Languages, connected with the faculties 
of many well-known Eastern schools. Charles W. Stickle received a 
liberal classical education by private tuition and in the public schools 
of his native place, also took a collegiate course at Batavia, New 
York. In 1890 he entered upon the study of medicine at the New 
York University, graduating therefrom in 1893 with the degree of 
M.D., and the same year he engaged in the private general practice 
of his profession in Brooklyn, N. Y. In 1904 Dr. Stickle went abroad 
to engage in further research in his specialties, where he took post- 
graduate courses at the Universities of Berlin, Wittenberg and 
Vienna, when he returned to the United States to resume the prac- 
tice of his profession, at this time, devoting his entire attention to 
otology, rhinology and laryngology. For years Dr. Stickle has been 
Professor of Otology at the Long Island College Hospital, also at- 
tending Aural Surgeon to the Hospital of that institution. He is at- 
tending Aural Surgeon to the Jewish Hospital, of Brooklyn, consult- 
ing Aural Surgeon to the Methodist Episcopal Hospital, Brooklyn, 
and Rhinological and Aural Surgeon to the Angel Guardian Home. 
In the field of authorship, Dr. Stickle has contributed to medical 
literature many articles that have been of interest and value to the 
profession. Dr. Stickle is a member of the following medical or- 
ganizations and societies: The Medical Society of the State of New 
York; Associated Physicians of Long Island; Medical Society of Kings 
County, New York; Brooklyn Pathological Society; American Medi- 
cal Association, and American Laryngological, Rhinological and Oto- 
logical Society. He is also a Mason of the thirty-second degree, mem- 
ber of Aurora Grata Lodge, Scottish Rite, and the Knights Templar, 
while socially he is a member of the Hamilton Club of Brooklyn, and 
is a member of the Sons of the Revolution. 
On September 20, 1910, Dr. Stickle was married to Dorothy Belle 
Croff, daughter of Ganson W. Croff, M.D., and Clara (Brainard) 
Croff, of Batavia, New York. Daughter, Helen Elizabeth. 
A RCHIBALD MURRAY, M.D., Specialist in Pathology, and Pro- 
fessor of Pathology at the Long Island College Hospital, as well 
as Consulting Pathologist to several other hospitals, was born at 
Englewood, New Jersey, June 26, 1865, a son of Byron and Eliza- 
beth Leavitt (Howe) Murray. 
He received his classical education in private schools in Brooklyn, 
New York, St. Matthew's School at San Mateo, California, and in 
1886 entered upon the study of medicine at Bellevue Hospital Medical 
College, New York City, graduating therefrom in 1889 with the de- 
gree of M.D. He afterwards engaged in the private practice of his 
profession in Brooklyn, devoting his attention to pathology, in which 280 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
he has successfully continued to the present time. He was appointed 
assistant to the chair of Pathology and Bacteriology at Long Island 
College Hospital, Brooklyn, and in 1915 was appointed to his present 
position as Professor of Pathology at the same institution, and is 
also Pathologist to the Hospital of this institution. Dr. Murray is 
Pathologist to St.. Peter's Hospital, Brooklyn, consulting Pathologist 
to the Brooklyn Eye and Ear Hospital and the Norwegian Hospital 
of Brooklyn. For many years he was Pathologist to St. Johns' and 
the Kings County Hospitals of Brooklyn, 
Dr. Murray possesses a Van Cott Fellowship in Pathology at the 
Hoagland Laboratory, Brooklyn. He is a Fellow of the New York 
Academy of Medicine, a member of the New York Pathological So- 
ciety; the Society for Serology and Hematology; the Kings County 
Medical Society; Brooklyn Pathological Society; Brooklyn Medical 
Association; Associated Physicians of Long Island; Medical Society of 
the State of New York, and belongs to the Hospital Graduates and 
Practitioners' clubs, and the Brooklyn Medical Club. Socially, he is 
a member of the National Arts Club, New York, and the Hamilton 
Club, Brooklyn. Dr. Murray is a member of the Catholic church. He 
is unmarried. 
D ICHARD KALISH, M.A., M.D., Specialist in Ophthalmology, and 
1 v former assistant to the chair of Therapeutics at Bellevue Hospital 
Medical College, is one of New York's leading medical men. A rec- 
ognized authority in diseases of the eye, Dr. Kalish enjoyed unusual 
advantages for research and observation in attendance at clinics and 
lectures in famous medical centers abroad. 
Richard Kalish was born in New York City, June 20, 1854, a son of 
Joseph and Johanna (Banas) Kalish, the father having been an ex- 
porter and manufacturer of New York for many years. Richard 
Kalish received his preliminary education in the public schools of his 
native city and by private tutors. It was his intention to enter Har- 
vard University, but myopia developed and he was forced to forego 
the intended university course at this time. Later, however, his 
eyesight improved sufficiently to enable him to enter Bellevue Hos- 
pital Medical College, where he graduated in 1875 with the degree of 
M.D. After competitive examination he was appointed to the medical 
staff of Bellevue Hospital, surgical department, where he remained 
for eighteen months, latterly as house surgeon. Afterwards he 
engaged in the private practice of his specialty, ophthalmology, in 
which he has since continued. Dr. Kalish made more than twenty visits 
abroad to the leading medical centers of Europe, where he engaged in 
extensive research and study of his specialty at the noted ophthal- 
mological clinics of London, Paris, Berlin and Vienna. In 1879 Dr. 
Kalish was appointed assistant attending ophthalmic surgeon to the 
New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, a connection he held for ten years. 
In 1878 he delivered a course of lectures on therapeutics at Bellevue 
Hospital Medical College, and the same year was appointed assistant 
to the chair of Therapeutics, remaining until 1890. In 1881 he was BIOGRAPHICAL 
281 
appointed visiting ophthalmic and aural surgeon to the New York 
City (formerly Charity) Hospital, on Blackwell's Island, continuing 
in this relation until 1912. At the present time Dr. Kalish is con- 
sulting ophthalmic surgeon to the Knickerbocker, St. John's, (Long 
Island City) Sea View and New York City hospitals. It was at the 
latter hospital that Dr. Kalish instituted his investigations on the 
course of cataract of the eye, which terminated in the discovery of 
a method of checking the progress, and of causing the absorption of 
unripe cataract. In 1890, before the section of Ophthalmology of the 
New York Academy of Medicine, he announced this discovery in a 
paper entitled "The Arrest and Partial Resorption of Immature 
Cataract with Restoration of the Reading Power." In November of 
the same year he read another paper before the New York County 
Medical Society entitled "The Absorption of Immature Cataract by 
Manipulation Conjoined with Instillation." Both these papers were 
subsequently published in the "Medical Record" of New York. Dr. 
Kalish's findings and discovery attracted national interest among 
medical men, and have been the means of establishing a basis from 
which spring all plans of treatment instituted to produce a cure of 
cataract, and obviate the necessity of surgical operation. In addition 
to the papers mentioned, Dr. Kalish's contributions to medical litera- 
ture have been extensive and of much importance and value to his 
profession. Among the more notable are: "Ophthalmic Suggestions 
for the General Practitioner," (N. Y. Med. Jnl., Oct. 6, 1894) ; "The 
Absorption of Uncomplicated Immature Cataract by Conjoined 
Manipulation and Instillation," (Med. News, Oct. 14, 1899) ; "Some 
External Diseases of the Eye due to Rheumatism," (Med. News, 
April 23, 1904); "Some Ophthalmic Suggestions," (Med. Rec., June 
3, 1908) ; "The External Appearances of the Eyes in their Relation 
to Life Expectancy," (Med. Examiner and Practitioner, August, 
1907) ; "Ocular Syphilis," (Amer. Jnl. of Dermatology, Vol. X, No. 
VI) ; "Some Everyday Injuries to the Eyes and What to Do For 
Them," (Med. Rec., Sept. 18, 1915). Dr. Kalish was secretary, also 
president of the medical board of the New York City Hospital, and 
was emeritus member of the board during the years 1901-1916, and 
has been president of the medical board of St. John's (Long Island 
City) Hospital since 1911. He is a member of the medical board of 
the Knickerbocker Hospital, and has been president and for many 
years a member of the science committee of the Society of Alumni of 
Bellevue Hospital. 
Dr. Kalish belongs to the scholarly type of physicians who by learn- 
ing and skill have given so high a prestige to the profession. Of pro- 
gressive tendencies, he has throughout his life zealously concerned 
himself in maintaining the high standards of ethical as well as 
scientific requirements, and in 1899, as president of the Society of 
Alumni of Bellevue Medical College, presided at the first banquet 
given by the society, and on this occasion, in his address, called at- 
tention for the first time in this country to the need of a licensing 
board as a safeguard against foreign students, notably Germans, from 282 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
practising in this country without proper certification of credentials 
here. Though his contentions met with opposition, this was the be- 
ginning of the agitation which resulted in the creation of the State 
Board of Examiners in vogue to-day. Dr. Kalish is a member of 
the following medical societies: American Medical Association; Medi- 
cal Society of the State of New York; Greater New York Medical So- 
ciety; New York County Medical Association; the Northwestern 
Medical and Surgical Society, was secretary, treasurer and president 
of same; Medico-Surgical Society; Society of Alumni of New York 
City (formerly Charity Hospital) ; the New York Academy of Medi- 
cine, and a fellow of the American College of Surgeons. In 1884, in 
recognition of his eminent service in promoting legislation favoring 
the higher education of women, the degree of Master of Arts was con- 
ferred upon Dr. Kalish by Rutgers Female College. Dr. Kalish is 
a life member of the New York Yacht and Manhasset Bay Yacht clubs. 
He is also a member of the Manhattan, Quill and National Demo- 
cratic clubs, the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, 
and the Presbyterian church. 
IVILLIAM ELPHINSTONE KEITH MITTENDORF, M. D., Spe- 
r ' cialist in Diseases of the Eye and Ear, and for many years an 
instructor in Ophthalmology at the New York Post-Graduate Medical 
School, was bom in New York City, in 1877, a son of William Fred- 
erick and Emma (Zeuchina) Mittendorf. The father of Dr. Mit- 
tendorf was a prominent New York physician and surgeon, and 
during his many years of practice in that city held appointments 
as surgeon at the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, and was Ophthal- 
mic Surgeon at Bellevue Hospital. 
William E. K. Mittendorf, after completing his classical education, 
entered upon the study of medicine at the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, graduating in 1898 with 
the degree of M.D. He then went abroad where he took post-graduate 
courses, and spent one year in close study and research at the Univer- 
sity of Wurzberg, Germany. In 1900 he engaged in the private prac- 
tice of his specialties in New York City, where he has continued suc- 
cessfully to the present time. For a period of fourteen years Dr. Mit- 
tendorf has been a member of the visiting staff of the New York Eye 
and Ear Infirmary, and for three years was an Instructor in Ophthal- 
mology at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hos- 
pital. Dr. Mittendorf is recognized as an authority in his specialties, 
diseases of the eye and ear, and has also undertaken extensive re- 
search in Vaccine Therapy in Gonorrheal Ophthalmia and other oph- 
thalmic diseases. Dr. Mittendorf is a member of the Medical Society 
of the State of New York, and the County Medical Association; 
socially he is a member of the Princeton Club and Army and Navy 
Club. During the Spanish-American War Dr. Mittendorf saw 
national military service as acting assistant surgeon of the United 
States Army, and in 1911 he became a member of the Medical Re- BIOGRAPHICAL 
283 
serve Corps of the United States Army, with rank of first lieutenant 
of the Corps. 
On February 15, 1905, Dr. Mittendorf was married to Marie A. 
Borchers, daughter of Louis D. and Emelie (Euker) Borchers. They 
have two children: Virginia N., born February 28, 1906 and Emelie 
B., born July 10, 1909. 
LJ ERBERT SWIFT CARTER, A.M., M.D., Master of Arts of 
* 1 Princeton University, medical graduate of Columbia University 
(College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York), associate visiting 
physician of the Presbyterian Hospital, New York City, consulting 
physician to the Lincoln (formerly Colored) Hospital, New York 
City, and a successful New York City physician, who for one year 
was identified with the faculty of Cornell University Medical College, 
and for a number of years with that of the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons, was born at Orange, New Jersey, September 19, 1869, the 
son of Aaron and Sarah S. Carter, of Orange, New Jersey. 
The primary education of Herbert Swift Carter was obtained at 
St. Paul's (Garden City) Lawrenceville School, and the Dearborn 
Morgan School of Orange, N. J., and he subsequently entered Prince- 
ton University for the advanced academic course, in which he was 
successful, receiving his Bachelor of Arts degree in his graduation 
with the class of 1892, and three years later was the recipient of the 
Master of Arts degree. Meanwhile, he had taken up the study of 
medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons (Columbia Uni- 
versity), and in 1895 gained admittance to the practice of the pro- 
fession by graduating as Doctor of Medicine. Thereafter, he pursued 
further studies while interne of the Presbyterian and Sloane Ma- 
ternity hospitals, and by a post-graduate course at Berlin University, 
Germany, during which he undertook researches in the branch of 
pathology. On his return to the United States he entered into prac- 
tice, establishing himself in private practice in New York City, and 
entering into professional association with many important institu- 
tions. He devoted some of his time to the educational phase of medical 
work, in connection with the medical department of Cornell Univer- 
sity, where he was for one year instructor in pathology. He has been 
professionally connected with the Presbyterian Hospital throughout 
almost the whole of his period of practice and still is, having for 
many years been chief of clinic of the out-patient department, and 
latterly associate attending physician to the Hospital. He is also 
consulting physician to the Lincoln Hospital and Home of the City 
of New York. In addition he is on the teaching staff of the College 
of Physicians and Surgeons as associate in clinical medicine. Many of 
the subjects of Dr. Carter's research and much of his practice have 
been reflected in his medical writings, recorded by him for the general 
benefit of his confreres. Among the brochures, papers, etc., of 
which he is the author, may be noted the following: 
Brochures: "Diagnosis of Lesions of the Abdominal Viscera, with 
especial reference to their functional integrity"Metabolism Experi- 284 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
ments;" ''Artificial Nutrition;" "The Use of Ascetic Fluid for Nutri- 
tive and other purposes;" " Cytodiagnosis of Pleuritic Fluids." 
Books: "Diet Lists of the Presbyterian Hospital;" "Nutrition and 
Clinical Dietetics," with co-authors. 
Dr. Carter is interested in the proceedings of some of the principal 
medical organizations, being a fellow of the New York Academy of 
Medicine, and holding membership in the American Medical Associa- 
tion, the Medical Society of the State of New York, the New York 
County Association, the Quiz Medical Society, and in the alumni asso- 
ciations of Sloane Maternity and Presbyterian hospitals. He is also 
a member of the Princeton Club and the University Club. Dr. Car- 
ter's present office is at No. 66 West Fifty-fifth Street, New York 
City, which has been his address for many years. 
Dr. Carter married Mabel S. Pettit, daughter of John and Alida R. 
Pettit. Children: Alida S., Herbert S., Jr., Alan. 
T OHN DUFF McBARRON, M.D., Specialist in Gynaecology and Neu- 
rology, was born in New York City, June 9, 1867, a son of James 
William and Eliza Bell (Duff) McBarron. His father was a native 
of the North of Ireland, came to New York City in 1825, engaged in 
the manufacturing business, and became prominently identified with 
educational affairs, having for thirty-five years held the position of 
school trustee and commissioner. 
John D. McBarron received his education in the public schools of 
his native city and by private study, and in 1886 he entered the 
College of the City of New York, graduating therefrom with the de- 
gree of Bachelor of Arts. He then entered upon the study of medicine 
at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 
where he graduated with the degree of M.D., in 1892. Immediately 
after graduation, Dr. McBarron became an interne at St. Francis 
Hospital, remaining as house surgeon at that institution for three 
years, during which time he made a special study of gynecology. 
In 1895 he engaged in the private practice of his profession in New 
York City, where he has successfully continued to the present time. 
From 1897 to 1902 Dr. McBarron was medical school inspector for the 
Health Department of New York City. He is identified with the 
following medical organizations: The Medical Society of the State of 
New York, the New York County Medical Association, the New York 
Academy of Medicine, the West End Medical Association, the Society 
of Medical Jurisprudence, and the Alumni Association of St. Francis 
Hospital. 
Dr. McBarron married, June 9, 1898, Minnie Estelle Adams. They 
have resided at No. 872 West End Avenue, New York City, for many 
years, at which address also is his office. 
TXTILLIAM LELAND STOWELL, M.D., Specialist in Children's 
Diseases, has had a career of distinct professional success. 
He was born in Woodbridge, Connecticut, December 24, 1859, a son 
of Alexander David and Louise (Leland) Stowell. The father of BIOGRAPHICAL 
285 
Dr. Stowell was a minister of the Congregational church, and a 
graduate of Yale University, class of 1853, while his mother was a 
direct lineal descendant of Henry Leland, the progenitor of the 
Leland family of America, who emigrated to this country from 
England in 1652, since when the family has held honorable connec- 
tion with Connecticut and early Colonial history. 
William L. Stowell received a liberal classical education under his 
father's tuition, and later attended the New York State Normal 
School, at Cortland, where he studied arts and letters during 1875-76. 
He entered upon the study of medicine at the University of New 
York, where he graduated with the class of 1881 with the degree of 
M.D. After competitive examination and appointment to the house 
staff of Charity Hospital, he served as an interne until the fall of 
1883. During 1882-83 he was identified with the house staff of the 
Maternity Hospital, and in 1883 became resident physician at the 
Hospital for Nervous Diseases and Epileptics, which institution was 
soon afterwards united with Charity Hospital. In 1885 he became 
Pathologist at the Demilt Dispensary, continuing as such until 1888, 
when he was appointed visiting physician to the same institution, 
which position he held continuously until 1916. In 1894 he became 
a member of the staff of visiting physicians to the Randall's Island 
Hospital for Children, and was president of its medical board for 
nine years, and still acts as consulting physician to this institution. 
He is also attending physician to the New York Congregational Home 
for the Aged. Dr. Stowell has been engaged in the private practice of 
his profession in New York City since 1883. From 1884 to 1891 he was 
an Instructor of Diseases of Children at the University Medical College, 
and after this institution merged with the Bellevue Hospital Medical 
College, Dr. Stowell was for several years clinical instructor at the 
combined medical school. Dr. Stowell has contributed much to the 
literature of his profession that has been of interest and value, his 
articles appearing in the leading medical journals of the country. 
Among the more noteworthy being: "The Doctor Outside of Medi- 
cine," 1899. "Enteric Fever in Children," 1901; "Gastric Ulcer in 
Children," 1905; "The Relation of Tuberculous Cows to Tuberculous 
Children," 1908; "Infant Mortality, Past and Present" (Med. Rec., 
1909) ; "The Mental Defective and Society" (1913, Archives of 
Pediatrics) ; "Articles on Children and their Diseases" (New In- 
ternl. Encycl., 2nd edition, 1915-16). Dr. Stowell is a member of the 
following medical associations and societies: Fellow of the New York 
Academy of Medicine, was secretary, 1895-96, and chairman of the 
section in Pediatrics during 1901; a member of the Medical Society 
of the State of New York; New York County Medical Society, of 
which he was vice-president in 1909; the Micological Society; West 
End Medical Society; the Alumni Association of Charity Hospital; 
Physicians' Mutual Aid Association, and the American Medical Asso- 
ciation. Dr. Stowell was formerly a member of the Quill Club for 
many years. 
On March 11, 1891, Dr. Stowell was married to Louise Espencheid, 286 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
of Brooklyn, New York, and they have the following children: Le- 
land Espencheid, born August 17, 1892; Kenneth Kingsley, born 
April 30, 1894; and William Curtis, born January 20, 1899. 
LTENRY W. FRAUENTHAL, A.C., M.D., F.A.C.S., eminent spe- 
1 1 cialist in Orthopedic Surgery, medical director and surgeon-in- 
chief and physician of the Hospital for Deformities and Joint Dis- 
eases, a hospital founded hy him, and consulting Orthopedic Surgeon 
to the Jewish Maternity Hospital, New York City, and the Zion Hos- 
pital of Brooklyn, occupies a representative place of prominence 
among New York medical men. Whether as a specialist and consult- 
ant in his chosen branch of practice, or as physician, educator or 
author, or as important factor in medical institutions, Dr. Frauenthal 
is characterized by abilities of a high order. His native talents, de- 
veloped by solid acquirements and disciplined by comprehensive re- 
search, gives to him an exceptional equipment of learning and 
skill. 
Henry W. Frauenthal was bom in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, 
March 14, 1862, a son of Samuel and Gertrude Frauenthal, of that 
place. He received a liberal classical education in the schools of his 
native city, and graduated from the Wilkes-Barre High School in 
1882. He then entered the Lehigh University at Bethlehem, Penn- 
sylvania, making a special study of analytical chemistry, graduating 
from that institution in 1886. He became the Analytical Chemist 
for the Rossie Iron Ore Company, of Spragueville, St. Lawrence 
county, New York. Later he came to New York where he entered 
the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and in 1890 graduated from 
that institution with the degree of M. D. In June of that year he 
became office and clinical assistant to Dr. Lewis A. Sayre, and Dr. 
Reginald H. Sayre, with whom he remained for eleven years. At 
the expiration of that time Dr. Frauenthal engaged in the private 
practice of his profession in New York City, where he has success- 
fully continued to the present time, the latter years of his practice 
being given to consultation, and the special branch of orthopedic 
surgery. Dr. Frauenthal has held many staff appointments in New 
York hospitals. He was visiting physician to the Good Sama- 
ritan Dispensary, Board of Health of New York City, 
and also took up educational work, as surgeon in the 
orthopedic clinic of the Bellevue Hospital, out-patient department. 
Dr. Frauenthal later was appointed physician in the orthopedic de- 
partment of Beth Israel Hospital Dispensary. He established the 
Hospital for Deformities and Joint Diseases of which he is the 
physician and surgeon-in-chief; he is consultant to the Jewish Ma- 
ternity Hospital and to the Zion Hospital of Brooklyn; to the former 
his present staff appointments are those of medical director, surgeon- 
in-chief, and physician, and to the latter he is consulting orthopedic 
surgeon. Dr. Frauenthal has made some contributions to medical 
literature on subjects bearing on his practice and research, and of the BIOGRAPHICAL 
287 
published professional writings of which he is the author may be 
noted the following: 
Reprints, "Gonorrheal Arthritis," May, 1905; "Syphilitic Arth- 
ritis," May, 1906; "Treatment of Lumbago,'" June, 1906; "Elec- 
tricity in Joint Affections," Jan., 1907; "Treatment in Acute Syno- 
vitis," Feb., 1907; "Therapeutical Exercises," 1908; "Therapeutical 
Exercises Before a Mirror," 1908; "Rational Spinal Support," Dec., 
1908; "Anterior Poliomyelitis," 1909; "Anterior Poliomyelitis, " 
1909; "Treatment of Infantile Paralysis," 1911; "Erb's Palsy," 
1912; "Gouth," 1913; "Treatment of Paralysis of Anterior Poliomy- 
elitis, 1913; "Effects in Hereditary Syphilis in Children," 1913; 
"Infantile Paralysis," 1914; "Painful Feet," 1915; "Rheumatism in 
the Light of Modern Research," 1916; "Treatment of Infantile 
Paralysis Based on the Present Epidemic," 1916; "Treatment of In- 
fantile Paralysis," 1916; "Obliterating Enarteritis;" and "Manual 
of Infantile Paralysis." 
Dr. Frauenthal holds membership in a number of the leading medi- 
cal societies, among those to which he belongs (in addition to the 
American College of Surgeons) being: American Electrical Therapeu- 
tic Association, the American Medical Association, the New York 
Academy of Medicine, the Medical Society of the State of New 
York, and the New York County Medical Society. Dr. Frauenthal's 
office is at No. 160 West Fifty-ninth Street, New York City. 
On March 26, 1912, at Nice, France, Dr. Frauenthal was married to 
Clara, daughter of David and Natalie Heinsheimer, of Far Rockaway. 
FRANCIS VALK, Sc.D., M.D., Specialist in Ophthalmology and 
1 Professor Emeritus of the New York Post-Graduate Medical 
School, was born at Flushing, New York, October 28, 1846, a son of 
William W. and Jane Sherwood (Jones) Valk. His father was a 
well-known physician in New York State during the latter half of 
the nineteenth century. 
Francis Valk received a liberal classical education at Washington 
College, Chestertown, Maryland. He then entered upon the study of 
medicine at the New York University Medical College, graduating 
therefrom in 1878 with the degree of M.D. In the same year Dr. 
Valk engaged in the private practice of his profession in New York 
City, where he has successfully continued to the present time. For 
many years he has been consulting surgeon to Thrall Hospital, Mid- 
dletown, New York, assistant surgeon to the Manhattan Eye and Ear 
Hospital, Ophthalmic Surgeon to the New York Dispensary, and 
surgeon and visiting ophthalmologist to the Randall's Island Hos- 
pital. He was Professor in the department of Diseases of the Eye 
at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School for many years, and 
is now professor emeritus of the same institution. Dr. Valk is a 
member of the following medical organizations and societies: The 
New York Academy of Medicine; Society of Medical Jurisprudence; 
American Academy of Ophthalmology, Otology and Laryngology; 
Clinical Society of* the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and 288 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Hospital; the American Medical Association; Medical Society of 
Greater New York; Medical Society of the State of New York, and 
the County Medical Association. Dr. Valk is also well known as an 
inventor of medical instruments for use in Ophthalmic treatments, 
he inventing the Twin Strabismus Hooks, and Needle Point Cysto- 
tome, these being widely used by Ophthalmologists. He has con- 
tributed much of interest and value to medical literature, and is the 
author of "Errors of Refraction," "Strabismus, or Squint," and 
many other noteworthy articles. 
In August, 1874, Dr. Valk was married at Washington, D.C., to 
Marian C. Easby, of that city. They have the following children: 
Francis Marion, Elizabeth Barton, and Jane Sherwood Valk. 
[ ^EE MAIDMENT HURD, M.D., F.A.C.S., Specialist in Otological 
and Laryngological Surgery, was born in Minnesota, 1873, son of 
Byron Lee and Frances (Maidment) Hurd. 
He received a liberal classical education at Phillips Exeter 
Academy, New Hampshire, afterwards entering upon the study of 
medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia Uni- 
versity, graduating therefrom in 1895 with the degree of M.D. He 
then became an interne at the Brooklyn Hospital, remaining a mem- 
ber of the house staff of that institution for eighteen months, at the 
end of which time, in 1897, he accepted a position as surgeon in the 
throat department of the Vanderbilt Clinic, New York City, which 
appointment he held for many years. On January 1, 1898, Dr. Hurd 
engaged in the private general practice of his profession in New 
York City, but during the later years of his practice he has devoted 
his attention solely to the otological and laryngological branches of 
the profession, having a large consulting practice. Dr. Hurd was 
for many years surgeon at the Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital 
(ear department) and at the present time is consulting Otological 
surgeon to the Home of the Friendless, and throat, nose and ear 
surgeon to the New York Throat, Nose, and Lung Hospital, he is also 
Laryngologist at the New York University Dispensary, and Bellevue 
Hospital Medical College. 
In the field of authorship, Dr. Hurd has contributed much to 
medical literature that has been of interest and value to the profession. 
He is also known as an inventor of medical instruments, having in- 
vented the "Frontal Curette," an instrument now largely used by 
the profession. Dr. Hurd is a member of the following medical or- 
ganizations and societies: The American Medical Association, Ameri- 
can Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Association, Ameri- 
can Academy of Oto-Laryngology, New York Academy of Medicine, 
American Society of the State of New York, Greater New York Med- 
ical Association, Medical Society of the County of New York, 
Society of Medical Jurisprudence, Fellow of the American College of 
Surgeons, and a member of the Alumni Society of Brooklyn Hospital. 
Dr. Hurd is also a member of the Seventh Regiment, National Guard 
of New York, and the New York Athletic Club. BIOGRAPHICAL 
289 
( OUIS FAUGERES BISHOP, A.M., M.D., eminent specialist and 
consultant in Diseases of the Circulation, Professor of Diseases 
of the Heart and Circulation at Fordham University, consulting phy- 
sician in cardiovascular diseases at Mercy Hospital and attending 
physician to the Lincoln Hospital, has had an enviable success in his 
chosen field of practice, in which he is a recognized authority in 
this country. 
Louis F. Bishop was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, March 
14, 1864, a son of James and Mary Faugeres (Ellis) Bishop. He 
received a liberal classical education in the schools of his native city, 
St. Paul's School, Concord, New Hampshire, and Rutgers College, 
graduating from the latter in 1885 with the degree of Bachelor of 
Arts, and in 1889 the degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon 
him by the same institution. He entered upon the study of medicine 
under Dr. William Elmer, of Trenton, New Jersey, and in 1886 
entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons, graduating in 1889 
with the degree of M.D. He then became resident physician at St. 
Luke's Hospital, where he remained from 1889 to 1892, and was for 
three months identified with the Sloane Maternity Hospital, and held 
an appointment at the Vanderbilt Clinic for five years. In 1893 Dr. 
Bishop engaged in the private practice of his profession in New 
York City, where he has continued with eminent success to the pres- 
ent time, his later years of practice being devoted exclusively to gen- 
eral consultation work on diseases of the heart and blood vessels. 
Dr. Bishop has contributed numerous valuable articles to medical 
literature, among them being: ' ' The Course and Management of Com- 
plicating Myocarditis," delivered before the American Medical Asso- 
ciation; "Chronic Cardiac Disease and its Management," delivered 
before the New Jersey State Medical Society; "A Clinical Study of 
Myocarditis," delivered before the American Medical Association; 
"Early Recognition and Management of Arterial Degeneration," de- 
livered before the New York Academy of Medicine in 1901. Dr. 
Bishop's principal books are: "Heart Disease, Blood Pressure and 
the Nauheim Treatment," published by Funk & Wagnails, and "Arte- 
riosclerosis," published by the Oxford University Press. Dr. Bishop 
is a member of the following medical organizations: Member and 
former secretary of the New York Academy of Medicine, 1895-1903, 
and for two years chairman of the section on Medicine; the American 
Medical Association; New York Pathological Society; Society of the 
Alumni of St. Luke's Hospital. He is a Fellow of the American 
College of Physicians. 
On November 14, 1899, Dr. Bishop was married to Charlotte Dater 
Gruner, a daughter of Sigfried Gruner, deceased, in his lifetime 
president of the New York Cotton Exchange. Dr. Bishop is the 
worthy representative of a distinguished ancestor, Dr. Louis Fauge- 
res, his great-grandfather, after whom he was named. Dr. Faugeres 
was one of the most prominent physicians in New York in his day, 
and was one of the organizers and a trustee of the College of Physi- 
cians and Surgeons of New York, on the charter of which his name 290 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
appears enrolled. He died in New York City in the year 
1814. 
Dr. Bishop is a true representative of the best element of the 
really progressive medical profession of the metropolis, which is 
second to none in the world. The success he has attained is due to 
no extraneous influences that count so largely in the rise of many, 
but is owing to the qualities of his mental constitution, which would 
not allow of his remaining in the rank and file. His habits of long 
and continuous hard work and study have contributed to give him 
an eminence among his colleagues which is widely acknowledged. 
pRANCIS JOSEPH QUINLAN, M.A., M.D., LL.D., Specialist in 
1 Laryngology and Otology, former Professor of Diseases of the 
Nose and Throat at the New York Polyclinic, and identified with 
many leading hospitals, occupies a foremost place among New York 
medical men. 
Francis Joseph Quinlan was horn in New York City, in 1853. He 
received a liberal classical education at St. Francis Xavier College, 
where he graduated with the degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor 
of Laws. He entered upon the study of medicine at the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons, New York, graduating therefrom in 1878 
with the degree of M.D. He then served as an interne at St. Vincent's 
Hospital, New York City, for a time, afterwards engaged in the pri- 
vate practice of his profession in New York City, where he has suc- 
cessfully continued to the present time. 
The following appointments have been held by Dr. Quinlan in con- 
nection with medical institutions: Assistant surgeon to the nose and 
throat department, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, and likewise to 
the ear department; assistant surgeon to the throat department, Col- 
lege of Physicians and Surgeons; laryngologist to the Northern Dis- 
pensary, New York City; Professor of Diseases of the Nose and 
Throat, New York Polyclinic; laryngologist and otologist to St. Vin- 
cent's Hospital, also a similar appointment in New York City Hos- 
pital; consulting laryngologist to the Foundling Hospital, New York 
City; consulting surgeon to the throat and ear department, St. Jo- 
seph's Hospital, Yonkers, New York, and also to the Jamaica Hos- 
pital, Long Island, New York; and from 1879 to 1883 acted as sur- 
geon in the United States Indian service. 
Dr. Quinlan is a member of the various leading professional societies, 
such as New York Academy of Medicine, New York County Medical 
Society, New York County Medical Association, State Medical Asso- 
ciation, American Medical Association, Society of Medical Jurispru- 
dence, Celtic Medical Society, New York Otological Society, and 
Physicians' Mutual Aid Association. He was also elected president 
of the County Medical Association. 
He is also the author of the following medical works: "Tinnitus 
Aurium due to Nasal Obstruction;" "Electro-Cauterization of the 
Middle Turbinate;" "Electro-Cauterization Followed by Meningi- 
tis;" "Chronic Hypertrophy of the Lingual Tonsil;" "Papilloma of 292 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
with pen and voice. He is a member of the Medical Society of Erie 
County, and holds the distinctive honor of being the first, last and 
only holder of the title, honorary life member, a distinction con- 
ferred in 1900. He is a member and ex-president of the Medical So- 
ciety of the State of New York, he having held the office of president 
in 1903, the ninety-seventh year of the Society's existence. He is a 
charter member of the Medical Club, and a member of the Buffalo 
Academy of Medicine. 
Dr. Hopkins married Elizabeth Gowans, daughter of Peter and 
Mary (Straughn) Gowans. They are the parents of three daughters: 
Alice, Helen Richmond and Ruth Hopkins. 
L_T ERMAN MYNTER, M.D.-Although actively engaged in pro- 
1 1 fessional work in Buffalo, New York, until a week before his 
death, Dr. Mynter had been a sufferer during the last two years of 
his life, and had sought relief in a small town in Europe, which 
seemed to benefit him, during the summer of 1902. Dr. Mynter was 
brought into national prominence at the time of President McKin- 
ley's assassination, he being the second member of the surgical staff 
in attendance upon the president at the time the first operation was 
performed. He was generously endowed by an honorable ancestry 
with rare gifts of mind and person, gifts which fortunately for 
humanity had been well developed by the educational training that 
the best schools and universities of Europe could give. In his early 
manhood he came to the United States and to Buffalo, becoming 
a loyal, devoted American citizen, bringing to his adopted country 
and to the medical profession not empty hands, but a magnificent 
equipment, not needing care but ready, able and willing to care for 
others. 
Herman Mynter was born in Karebaek, Denmark, in 1845, and 
died in Buffalo, New York, February 9, 1903. He was a graduate of 
the Medical Department, University of Copenhagen, class of 1871, 
being awarded his honorary degree, and after the acceptance of his 
thesis, he received his degree of M.D. He then complied with the 
laws of Denmark by serving with the medical corps of the Danish 
Navy for two years and with the army one year. At the close of 
his army service he came to the United States, locating in Buffalo, 
New York, in 1875, and there practiced with distinguished success 
until his death, twenty-eight years later. He was Professor of Sur- 
gery at Niagara University until the Medical Department of the 
University was merged with that of the University of Buffalo. Dr. 
Mynter then becoming Clinical Professor of Surgery at the last 
named. He was attending surgeon to the Sisters of Charity Hospital, 
the German Deaconess Home, and the German Hospital. In 1879 
he became interested in the ownership of the Buffalo Medical Journal, 
and for a few years was a member of the editorial staff. His private 
surgical practice was large, and his life was one of constant useful- 
ness. 
Dr. Mynter was a member of the Medical Society of the County BIOGRAPHICAL 
293 
of Erie, and of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, and was the author 
of a monograph on Appendicitis, and occasionally contributed articles 
to medical journals. He was a man of strong individuality, true to 
the highest ethics of the profession he honored and adorned. His 
success as an instructor and teacher was pronounced because he ever 
gave to this portion of his work, as to all his efforts, his very best. 
His contributions to the literature of his profession ever bore the 
mark of distinct individuality and unusual mastery of its scientific 
principles and progress. He was highly esteemed by his professional 
brethren, and in Buffalo and Western New York the name of his 
friends was ''legion." 
Dr. Mynter married (first) and two daughters survive their father. 
He married (second) in 1887, Harriet Martin Buell, who is yet a 
resident of Buffalo. 
HARLES CARY, M.D.-Since 1879 Dr. Charles Cary has been in 
the practice of his profession in Buffalo, and in 1911 closed an 
active connection with the faculty of the University of Buffalo, which 
had existed since 1879. He is a son of Dr. Walter and Julia (Love) 
Cary. His father was a practising physician of the city of Buffalo. 
Charles Cary was born in Buffalo, New York, October 20, 1852, 
and there was educated in public and private schools, Briggs Prepar- 
atory School and the Medical Department of the University of 
Buffalo. He was graduated M.D., University of Buffalo, class of 
1875, spent a year in study in France, eighteen months in Belgium, 
then spent a year in European travel, returning to the United States, 
spending some time in New York City at the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons and at Bellevue Hospital, beginning professional prac- 
tice at Buffalo in 1879. The same year he was appointed attending 
physician at Buffalo General Hospital, and elected a member of the 
faculty of the Medical Department of the University of Buffalo. He 
was Professor of Anatomy until 1889; Professor of Materia Medica 
and Therapeutics, 1889-98; Professor of Clinical Medicine, 1898-1911, 
and until 1916 remained on the active staff of the General Hospital. 
He is a member of the Association of American Physicians, the Ameri- 
can Medical Association, New York State Medical Society, Medical 
Society of Erie County, and Buffalo Academy of Medicine. His clubs 
are the Buffalo Medical, Buffalo, Saturn, Park and Country. In 
politics he is a Republican. He yet continues his private practice, 
with offices at No. 340 Delaware Avenue. 
Dr. Cary married in Buffalo, in 1879, Evelyn Rumsey, daughter 
of Bronson C. and Evelyn (Hall) Rumsey. 
QUARLES H. W. AUEL, M.D.-After completing professional 
study at the Medical Department of the University of Buffalo, 
and receiving his M.D., class of 1886, Dr. Auel began practice in 
Buffalo, and there has continued during the entire thirty-two years 
which have since intervened. Although awarded his degree on the 
strength of the studies completed, Dr. Auel's study was then but 294 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
fairly begun, for he has been a deep student all his life. Kindly and 
courteous, he enjoys the acquaintance of a wide circle of friends, has 
a lucrative practice, and both as physician and citizen is held in high 
esteem. 
Dr. Auel was born in Hesse-Nassau, a province of Prussia, Decem- 
ber 19, 1863, and there completed primary and high school courses 
of study. He then entered the University of Marburg, (founded in 
1527) and there began the study of medicine, continuing until 1883, 
when he came to the United States. He located in Buffalo, New 
York, and resumed the study of medicine, entering the medical de- 
partment of the University of Medicine, and pursuing full courses of 
study until awarded his M. D., class of "86." The same year he 
began his professional career, selecting Buffalo as his location, and 
there he has won high standing in the medical profession. He served 
Erie County Hospital three years, 1891-94 as consulting physician, 
there being no regular medical staff at that time. He was one of the 
founders of the Buffalo German Hospital, and has served that insti- 
tution as chairman of the medical staff ever since he was elected, 
and is a member of the board of trustees. Dr. Auel is a member of 
the Masonic order and of the Erie County, State and National Medi- 
cal societies. He is highly regarded by his brethren, and is one of 
the strong men of his profession. 
yHOMAS FRANCIS DWYER, M.D.-After thirty-three years' 
A practice in his native Buffalo, Dr. Dwyer may be considered well 
established in that practice. The years have brought him honorable 
distinction, and he enjoys the high regard of men of eminence in the 
various professional fields. His practice has been general in its char- 
acter, and in the treatment of the thousands of cases of disease which 
have been entrusted to him Dr. Dwyer has had his full measure of 
success. 
He is a son of Michael 0. and Ellen (Cunningham) Dwyer, and 
was born in Buffalo, New York, December 9, 1862, obtaining his 
early education in private schools. At the age of eighteen years, in 
1880, he was graduated from St. Joseph's College, and in 1882 began 
the study of medicine in the medical department of the University of 
Buffalo. He pursued a three years' course, and in 1885 was gradu- 
ated with honors, being awarded his degree. He devoted himself to 
further preparation, and by competitive examination became interne 
at the Buffalo General Hospital, serving for eighteen months, and 
after post-graduate work in New York he began general practice in 
Buffalo. He grew quickly into public favor, and soon could feel that 
his days of testing were over, and that he had won his position among 
those physicians of honor and ability who were destined to endure. 
His practice is large and his position a leading one in the profession 
he honors. He strictly adheres to the unwritten code known as the 
"ethics of the profession," and holds the esteem of his brethren of 
that profession. He is a member of the medical societies, local, state 
and national; has served the Erie County Society as a member of BIOGRAPHICAL 
295 
the board of censors, the Buffalo Academy of Medicine as secretary, 
and the Practitioners Club of Buffalo as president. He has also served 
Le Couteulx Institution for Deaf Mutes as visiting physician, and 
also St. Mary's Home, and many fraternal orders as examining 
physician. 
Dr. Dwyer married, in May, 1888, Lillian E. Callahan, daughter of 
Richard Callahan, of Buffalo. They are the parents of Grace M., 
Lillian M., Florence, Ruth F. and Frank. 
A RCHIBALD DIXON CARPENTER, M.D.-Son of a pharmacist, 
2 *■ it was quite in keeping with his environment that when he 
came to choose his own profession Mr. Carpenter should elect medi- 
cine. Since 1902 he has been in general practice in Buffalo, his de- 
gree bearing the stamp of Hahnemann Homeopathic Medical College, 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Dr. Carpenter is a son of Archibald 
Dixon and Semelia (Lamb) Carpenter. 
Archibald Dixon (2) Carpenter was bom in Mancelona, Michigan, 
July 19, 1873. He was graduated from high school at Cadillac, Michi- 
gan, class of 1894, later entered the University of Michigan at Ann 
Arbor, attending during the years 1897-1900, leaving to complete a 
course in medicine at Hahnemann Homeopathic Medical College, in 
Philadelphia, whence he was graduated M.D., class of 1901. For one 
year following graduation he was interne at Buffalo Homeopathic 
Hospital, his career as a private medical practitioner beginning in 
1902. He has continuously practised his profession in Buffalo until 
the present time, his practice general in its character. He was 
formerly obstetrician to Buffalo Homeopathic Hospital, and is now 
attending physician to the Municipal Hospital, Buffalo. Dr. Car- 
penter is a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, Ameri- 
can Medical Association, Erie County Medical Society, and for three 
years secretary of the Board of Censors, and a past grand president 
of Phi Alpha Gamma. 
Dr. Carpenter married Mary Craig, daughter of William and Mary 
(Colomer) Craig. 
(^HARLES WOODBURY BANTA, M.D.-Choosing the profession 
of his honored father, Dr. Rollin L. Banta, now retired, and liv- 
ing at Burt, Niagara county, New York, Dr. Charles W. Banta com- 
pleted his studies in the University of Buffalo, and after receiving 
his M. D., in 1901, began the practice of medicine in Buffalo, and 
there continues a specialist in general surgery. He is a descendant 
of an ancestor who came from Holland in 1659, settling in the Hud- 
son Valley, but in this branch coming to Buffalo, where the firm, 
Bidwell & Banta, built and launched some of the largest and most 
handsomely furnished steamboats of their period. This famous boat- 
building Banta was the grandfather of Dr. Charles W. Banta and 
father of Dr. Rollin L. Banta. 
Dr. Rollin Ledrue Banta was born in Buffalo, New York, in No- 
vember, 1846, and there began his education in public school No. 4. 296 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
He finished college preparation with a three years' course at St. 
Joseph's Academy, finishing his classical study with a three years' 
course at Manhattan College, New York City. He pursued medical 
studies at the University of Buffalo, whence he was graduated M.D., 
class of 1871. He began practice in Buffalo, but in the spring of 
1873 opened an office in Erie, Pennsylvania, there practising for five 
years, then returning to Buffalo, where he continued in practice for 
many years. For four years, ending in 1895, he was Professor of 
Therapeutics in the medical department of Niagara University, also 
Professor of Obstetrics in the same institution. His specialty was 
obstetrics, and he wrote many papers on the subject. He is retired 
from active practice and living at Burt, New York, since 1916. He is 
one of the honored ex-presidents of the Erie County Medical Society, 
and was for two terms vice-president of the American Association of 
Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. He has added much to medical lit- 
erature through articles from his pen, published in the medical jour- 
nals. He married, in 1875, Sarah Moody Ayer, of Buffalo. 
Charles Woodbury Banta was born in Buffalo, New York, Septem- 
ber 29, 1877, that city ever his home. After completing classical 
study he entered the medical department of the University of Buffalo, 
receiving his degree M.D. with the graduating class of 1901. He be- 
gan practice in Buffalo, but during the years 1904-05 he took extended 
post-graduate courses abroad, specializing in surgery, spending in all 
twelve months in the universities and hospitals of Berlin, Vienna and 
Berne. For seven years, 1903-10, he was attending obstetrician to 
St. Mary's Hospital, and during the same period and until 1913 as- 
sistant gynaecologist to the Sisters' Hospital, both important Buffalo 
institutions. He is attending surgeon to Erie County Hospital, and 
to the Municipal Hospital, these public duties being in addition to a 
large private practice in general surgery. 
Dr. Banta is a member of the American Medical Association, the 
Medical Union, Buffalo Academy of Medicine, Erie County Medical 
Association, the Buffalo Country Club, and the Saturn Club, his 
college fraternity Omega Upsilon Phi. During the years, 1915-17, he 
was a member of the Buffalo Cavalry Association, and in 1916 spent 
a month in military training at Plattsburg, New York. 
Dr. Banta married Clara Winspear Urban, daughter of George and 
Ada E. (Winspear) Urban. Dr. and Mrs. Banta are the parents of 
a daughter, Ada Jeannette, and a son, Charles Urban Banta. 
JEORGE HENRY CALKINS, M.D.-Since graduation from the 
medical department of the University of Buffalo, class of 1893, 
Dr. Calkins has been professionally engaged in Tonawanda and 
Buffalo, New York, as a specialist in diseases of the respiratory 
organs. He is a son of Charles Henry and Anna (Dye) Calkins, 
Tonawanda being the family home. George Henry Calkins was born 
in Tonawanda, New York, November 3, 1862, and there obtained his 
English education in the grade and high schools. Choosing the pro- 
fession of medicine, he entered the University of Buffalo, and in 1893, BIOGRAPHICAL 
297 
was graduated M.D. He began practice in Tonawanda, but upon the 
outbreak of war with Spain he enlisted, and was appointed Assistant- 
Surgeon of United States Volunteers with the rank of captain. He 
saw service in Cuba and the Philippines, serving until honorably dis- 
charged in January, 1903. He is a member of the Park Club, Wan- 
akak Country and Automobile Clubs of Buffalo, his business having 
been in that city for years. 
Dr. Calkins married Gertrude Eberhart, daughter of Samuel and 
Irene (Arnold) Eberhart. They are the parents of a daughter: 
Gertrude Eberhart Calkins. 
JOHN MILTON GARRATT, M.D. Thomas and Sarah (Fowler) 
Garratt some time after the birth of their son, John Milton Gar- 
ratt, came to the United States, and there that son has risen to emi- 
nence in his medical profession, his special line of investigation 
and scientific research having been along the lines opened up by the 
discovery of the Roentgen ray, and the application of high-frequency 
currents. Dr. John M. Garratt was born in Cardiff, Wales, January 
25, 1865, and came to the United States in 1871. He decided to pre- 
pare for the medical profession, entering the medical department 
of the University of Buffalo, and in 1897, was graduated with the 
degree of M.D. His practice in Buffalo has been confined to roent- 
genology and high frequency therapy, and in his special field he has 
attained eminent rank. He is Consulting Roentgenologist of the De- 
partment of Hospitals and Dispensaries, City of Buffalo, New York; 
and of J. N. Adams Memorial Hospital, Perrysburg, New York, and 
is the author of many contributions to the literature of his pro- 
fession. These include: 
"Common Reagents for the Detection of Albuminaria," New York Medical 
Journal, July 16, 1898; a contact tube for the detection of albumin in urine; 
"A New Photographometer," Philadelphia Medical Journal, December 22, 1900; 
"A Rapid and Easy Method for the Sterilization of Catgut Ligature and Suture 
Material," American Medicine, June 27, 1903; "High Frequency Oscillating Cur- 
rents," Encyclopedia Americana; "The Treatment of Tubercular Cystitis with 
special preference to Roentgenotherapy," New York Medical Journal, October 
3, 1907; "Roentgenographic Examination of the Urinary Bladder," Journal 
of American Medical Association, January 29, 1911; "Improved Saline Trans- 
fusion Apparatus," Journal of American Medical Association, December 25, 
1909; "Diverticula of the Urinary Bladder with Reference to Roentgen Ray 
Diagnosis, Surgical Gynaecology and Obstetrics," September, 1911; "The 'Boiler' 
System of Water Circulation applied to water-cooled Roentgen ray tubes"; 
"Roentgenographic Examination of the Urinary Bladder," American Journal 
of Roentology, August, 1916; "High Frequency Oscillating Currents," Buffalo 
Medical Journal, October, 1917. 
In 1883, Dr. Garratt enlisted in the Seventy-fourth Regiment, New 
York National Guard, serving until 1899, when he was honorably dis- 
charged with the rank of ordnance sergeant. Dr. Garratt has an 
enviable reputation as a crack rifle shot. He is a charter member of 
the Omega Upsilon Phi fraternity. Dr. Garratt married Louise C., 
daughter of Dr. Harry Edward and Barbara Oxley, her father being 
a graduate of Oxford University, England. 298 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
QLARK FRANCIS (BROSSEAU) BRUSO, M.D.-By one of those 
regrettable occurrences this family name of Brosseau, formerly 
borne by a native of France, became Bruso possibly because it was 
easier for the first American bearer, or perhaps for an official to spell 
and pronounce. So Brosseau became Bruso and is worthily borne 
by Dr. Clark Francis Bruso, a native son of Buffalo, trained in the 
city schools and prepared for his profession in the University of 
Buffalo. Dr. Bruso has given the strength of his manhood and his 
professional skill to the service of his city. He has borne well his 
part as a professional man, and in both the Spanish War and in the 
present great conflict he gave and is giving of his professional skill. 
He is a son of Octave and Charlotte A. (Henry) Bruso, his father 
of French parentage, and his mother of English birth. 
Clark Francis Bruso was born in Buffalo, New York, May 11, 1866, 
and has ever been a resident of the city of his birth. After com- 
pleting grade and high school courses in the public schools he was 
variously employed until 1884, by the Pennsylvania Railroad, and 
then began the study of medicine at the University of Buffalo, where, 
after finishing a course of lectures, he was appointed interne at Erie 
County Hospital, but he continued his medical studies at the Univer- 
sity until graduated, cum laude, with the degree of M.D., with the 
class of 1887. Prior to graduation he had received appointment as 
interne at Erie County Penitentiary, and house surgeon to Fitch 
Accident Hospital, his being the first of such appointments to these 
institutions. After graduation he was appointed resident physician 
at Erie County Hospital, but the following July 1 resigned to devote 
himself to private practice, having decided to locate at lower Black 
Rock. He continued a successful practice there for seven years, and 
then returned to Buffalo, opening an office on Lafayette Avenue, and 
there spent three years. He then located his offices at the corner of 
Main and Seneca Streets, and in time became thoroughly established 
in public favor as a physician and surgeon of skill and honor. In 
1898, when the war with Spain broke out, he was appointed by Presi- 
dent McKinley in the United States Army as surgeon, and served 
as brigade surgeon with the rank of major. From 1907, until the pres- 
ent, 1918, he has been chief examiner of the United States Civil Serv- 
ice Commission at Buffalo, and is now chairman and medical ex- 
aminer of the Third Division Exemption Board, Buffalo, being the 
second largest in the State and one of the largest in the country. In 
addition to his connection with Erie County Hospital, Erie County 
Penitentiary Hospital, and Fitch Accident Hospital, he was attending 
physician to the Erie County jail, and Genito-Urinary Surgeon to the 
German Hospital. He served the Western division of the West Shore 
Railroad as surgeon, is examiner to life insurance companies and 
fraternal orders, and ministers to a large private clientele. He is a 
member of the American Medical Association, New York State Medical 
Society, the Erie County Medical Society. His fraternity is Nu Sigma 
Nu, his church affiliation, Episcopalian. 
Dr. Bruso has four children: Edward H., now connected with the BIOGRAPHICAL 
299 
Standard Oil Company; Winifred G.; John Clark, now serving in 
the United States Navy, and Eleanor. 
/^HARLES E. ABBOTT, M.D.-At the age of twenty Dr. Abbott 
began the study of pharmacy, and for two years pursued that 
line of study, completing the full course with graduation. One year 
later he began the study of medicine and closely devoted himself to 
preparation for that profession for a term of four years. In 1902 he 
began active practice, the year following the conferring of his de- 
gree, and for sixteen years he has been in successful practice in the 
City of Buffalo. He is a son of Joseph H. and Annette S. (Pontin) 
Abbott. 
Dr. Charles E. Abbott was born in the city of New York, November 
25, 1874, and there completed his preparatory education. In 1894 he 
entered the School of Pharmacy, University of Buffalo, and in 1896 
was graduated with honors, Ph.B. In 1897 he began the study of 
medicine in the medical department of the University of Buffalo, and 
was graduated M.D., class of 1901. He located in Buffalo in 1902, 
and has continuously been in practice in that city until the present. 
He is attending physician to the Buffalo Hospital Sisters of Charity, 
consultant in Medicine at Municipal Hospital, and at St. Mary's Hos- 
pital. His fraternities are Beta Ota Sigma and Nu Sigma Nu, his 
club, the Buffalo. 
Dr. Abbott married Gertrude Patterson, daughter of Charles and 
Elizabeth (Heaton) Patterson. They were the parents of one child, 
Charles Warren Abbott, born in Buffalo, January 22, 1904. 
TAOUGLAS PERKINS ARNOLD, M.D., was born in Rochester, 
New York, March 24, 1885, and after completing classical studies 
entered the medical school of the University of Buffalo, being awarded 
his M.D. w'ith the class of 1908, following which he was an interne 
at the Buffalo General Hospital. After a post-graduate course in 
Boston, Massachusetts, he went abroad for study, and pursued special 
courses at Berlin and Munich. At the outbreak of the war he re- 
turned to the United States and located in Buffalo, where he is special- 
izing in the diseases of children. 
In 1918 he was appointed Director of Infant Welfare for the 
City of Buffalo, and since 1917 he has been instructor in pediatrics 
at the medical department of the University of Buffalo. He is a 
member of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, and the Erie County 
Medical Society, and is strongly devoted to the profession he has 
chosen as his life work. 
In 1915 Dr. Arnold married Beatrice Alford, they are the parents 
of a daughter, Jane Howie Arnold. 
T ULIUS HOWARD POTTER, M.D., is a son of Chauncey and 
J Lucina (Wright) Potter, of Otsego county, New York. Julius 
Howard Potter was born in New Lisbon, Otsego county, New York, 
and there began his education, finishing at New York Normal College. 300 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Albany, New York, whence he was graduated, class of 1877. He chose 
medicine as his profession, studied at Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- 
lege, New York City, was awarded his M.D., class of 1881. He at once 
began practice in Mt. Vernon, New York, until 1883, and then 
moved to Buffalo, and during the past thirty-five years has been in 
Buffalo. He has won professional honor and the rich rewards of the 
ancient and honorable calling. He is visiting physician to Lafayette 
General Hospital, local surgeon for the Wabash Railroad, Grand 
Trunk, and other railroads in addition to the exactions of his prac- 
tice. Dr. Potter is a member of the American Medical Association, 
New York State Society, Erie County Medical Society, Wabash Hos- 
pital Railroad Association, of which he is ex-president; member and 
ex-president of the Buffalo Medical Union; member and ex-president 
of Roswell Park Medical Club; member Buffalo Academy; and is 
physician for numerous societies and organizations. His club is the 
Automobile of Buffalo. 
Dr. Potter married Effie M. Rawson, daughter of Frank and Har- 
riet M. Rawson. They are the parents of three children: Elizabeth 
Pearl, Beatrice Effie, and Julius H. Potter, Jr. 
T AWRENCE GEORGE HANLEY, A.M., Ph.D., M.D., LL.D., of 
Buffalo, New York, was born at Seymour, Connecticut, July 4, 
1863, son of John and Elizabeth Hanley. 
Dr. Hanley attended the public schools of Derby, Connecticut; 
Yale College, where he spent one year in the study of medicine, and 
Niagara University. He graduated in arts in 1884. The degrees of 
A. M., 1886, and M.D., 1887, were conferred upon him, that of Ph.D., 
1895, and LL.D., 1906, all from Niagara University. He later studied 
in Vienna, Berlin and Paris. He began his professional career as an 
interne at the old Emergency Hospital, at South Division and Michi- 
gan streets, 1885, and was the first ambulance surgeon connected with 
this institution. In 1898, following the death of John Cronyn, Dr. 
Hanley succeeded him as president of the Buffalo Hospital of the 
Sisters of Charity, with which institution he continues to be promi- 
nently identified. Dr. Hanley was formerly Professor of Obstetrics 
at the Niagara University, and when the medical department of that 
institution was merged with the University of Buffalo, he was ap- 
pointed to the faculty of the latter institution. Dr. Hanley is highly 
regarded in the medical profession. He is an ardent student, whose 
close devotion to his profession and whose signal success as a physician, 
surgeon, and instructor, have gained for him an enviable place in 
medical circles and in the hospitals and institutions of Buffalo. 
Dr. Hanley is a member of the Erie County Medical Society; New 
York State Medical Association; Buffalo Academy of Medicine; Ameri- 
can Medical Association; Medical Society of Greater New York; 
Buffalo Council, Knights of Columbus; Buffalo Lodge, Benevolent and 
Protective Order of Elks; and Cook Camp, Sons of Veterans. He 
is Consulting Obstetrician at the Erie County Hospital; Attending 
Surgeon at the Emergency Hospital; Consulting Gynecologist, Provi- BIOGRAPHICAL 
301 
dence Retreat; member of board of trustees, St. John's Protectory, 
Lackawanna, New York. 
In 1894 Dr. Hanley married Agnes M. Walsh, of Ansonia, Conner 
ticut, a daughter of Thomas and Mary Walsh, pioneer settlers of that 
part of New England. 
rpHOMAS HENRY McKEE, M.D., is a son of Henry Beardsley and 
A Marie (Graham) McKee, of Canada, the family home being at 
North Glanford, about five and a half miles from Hamilton, Went- 
worth county, Province of Ontario. Thomas Henry McKee was born 
at North Glanford, Ontario, Canada, April 19, 1863, and there finished 
his early studies. He completed courses of study at Hamilton Colle- 
giate Institute and Hamilton Model School, graduating at Ottawa 
Normal School, this course of instruction qualifying him to teach. He 
spent some years as a teacher prior to entering the University of 
Buffalo to prepare for the profession of medicine. He was graduated 
with the degree of M.D. from the University, in the class of 1898, and 
the same year began the practice of his profession in Buffalo. He 
was elected Dean of the Medical Department of the University of 
Buffalo, in 1914, and resigned therefrom in May, 1918, to accept 
the position as major in the United States Army. He is gynecologist 
to Erie County Hospital, surgeon to Lafayette General Hospital of 
Buffalo, and associate in surgery, University of Buffalo. 
Dr. McKee is a fellow of the American College of Surgeons, mem- 
ber of the American Medical Association; New York State Med- 
ical Society, of Erie County Medical Society, of the Medical Asso- 
ciation of Central New York, of the Medical Association of 
Greater New York, of Roselle Park Medical Club, of the American 
Genetic Association, of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, of the 
American Society for Control of Cancer, of Medical Corps Reserve 
Corps, ranking as major, of the American Association for the Advance- 
ment of Science, of the National Security League, of the National 
Geographic Society, of the Public Education Association, of the 
Buffalo Young Men's Christian Association, of the Army League of 
the United States, of the Buffalo Chamber of Commerce; Nu Sigma 
Nu; Phi Lo Sig; Perish Lodge, No. 292, Free and Accepted Masons. 
Dr. McKee married Edith McCormick, daughter of Arthur M. 
and Esther McCormick, and they are the parents of a son, Henry 
McCormick McKee, and a daughter, Dorothy McKee. 
ILLI AM G. TAYLOR, M.D.-Immediately after graduation 
' from the medical department of Niagara University in 1893, Dr. 
Taylor began the practice of his profession in Buffalo, New York, and, 
during the years which have since intervened, he acquired a large 
practice and gained honorable position. He was born at Cambria, 
Niagara county, New York, May 22, 1868, and obtained his prepara- 
tory education in the Lockport public schools. He later went West, 
completed a three years' course at the University of Dakota, and 
for several years taught school in the Dakotas, He returned to New 302 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
York in 1889, locating in Buffalo, and entering the medical school of 
Niagara University. He was granted his degree of Doctor of Medicine 
at graduation, class of '93, and at once began practice in Buffalo, that 
city now having been the scene of his professional labors for a quarter 
of a century. In 1894, he was appointed house physician to the 
Woman's Hospital, and later clinical assistant in gynaecology. In 
addition to his private practice and Woman's Hospital work, he has 
served his Alma Mater as instructor on obstetrics, and as physician 
to the Woman's Dispensary. He is at present on the staff of the Gen- 
eral Hospital, serving as one of the obstetricians to the Harrington 
Maternity Hospital. He is a member of the Buffalo Academy of 
Medicine, Erie County Medical Society; to the State Medical 
Society; to the Practitioners' Club and to the Obstetrical Clinical So- 
ciety. 
T^LI HERR LONG, M.D., of Buffalo, New York, was born in Cla- 
rence, New York, 1880, the son of David and Mary (Miller) Long. 
He received his preliminary education in the public schools of Wil- 
liamsville, and later entered the medical department of the University 
of Buffalo, from which he was graduated with the degree of M.D. in 
1882. During that same year, he continued his studies, taking post- 
graduate work in the University of Pennsylvania. Since then, Dr. 
Long has for years been on the staff at the Buffalo General Hospital, 
being now consulting physician. He filled the chair of Materia 
Medica and Therapeutics, University of Buffalo, medical department, 
from 1898 to 1912, and is now Emeritus Professor. He occupies the 
chairs of Materia Medica and Therapeutics, University of Buffalo, 
dental department, and of Toxicology in the department of pharmacy. 
He has published Tables for Doctor and Druggist; Pharmacological 
diagrams, and a text book on Dental Materia Medica and Therapeu- 
tics. Dr. Long has practised medicine in Buffalo since 1882. He is a 
member of the American Medical Association; the State and County 
Medical Societies, and the Buffalo Academy of Medicine. He also 
belongs to the Nu Sigma Nu fraternity. 
Dr. Long married Alice E. Eggert, daughter of Oliver J. and 
Susan (Frick) Eggert. To them have been born six children: Edith 
E.; Austin O.; Raymond D. now living; Edwin E.; Walter C.; and 
Jessie A., deceased. 
P^eWITT HALSEY SHERMAN, M.D., of Buffalo, was born there, 
U August 23, 1864, son of Robert DeWitt and Martha (Rogers) 
Sherman. He graduated from the Buffalo Classical School and later 
from Williams College in 1886. He entered the medical department 
of the University of Pennsylvania, where he remained until 1890, and 
in 1891 he studied at the Buffalo Medical School. He has been Pro- 
fessor of Therapeutics and is Professor of Pediatrics at the University 
of Buffalo; visiting physician at the Children's Hospital; and pediat- 
rist at the Buffalo General Hospital. He is a member of the Ameri- 
can Medical Association, New York; of the American Pediatric Asso- BIOGRAPHICAL 
303 
ciation; of the Academy of Medicine, Buffalo; of the State Medical 
and the Erie County Medical societies; and a member of the Kappa 
Alpha fraternity at Williams College. He belongs to the Saturn and 
Country clubs of Buffalo. 
THOMAS BERNARD CARPENTER, M.D.-More than a quarter 
x of a century ago Dr. Carpenter came to Buffalo, New York, with 
his newly acquired degree received from Harvard Medical School. His 
education was his passport, as he was without experience, coming 
direct to Buffalo after graduation. But the lack of experience as a 
practitioner was soon remedied, and the years have brought him the 
honors of his profession and substantial reward. He is a son of Pat- 
rick and Catherine (Smith) Carpenter, of Boston, Massachusetts. 
Thomas Bernard Carpenter was born in Boston, Massachusetts, 
October 19, 1868, and there completed graded and high-school courses 
of public school study. He chose medicine as his profession, entered 
Harvard Medical School, and was graduated M.D., class of 1890. He 
located in Buffalo, New York, the same year, and has there been in 
continuous practice until the present (1918). In addition to his 
private practice, he is associate in Genito-Urinary Diseases, University 
of Buffalo; Assistant-attendant in Genito-Urinary Diseases, Buffalo 
General Hospital; Attendant in Genito-Urinary Diseases, Erie 
County Hospital; Surgeon in Charge of the Municipal Urologic Hos- 
pital. His reputation as a specialist in urology is very high, the calls 
upon his skill and learning being frequent. Dr. Carpenter is a mem- 
ber of the Erie County Medical Society, New York State Medical So- 
ciety, American Medical Association, and American Urologic Asso- 
ciation. 
Dr. Carpenter married Annie Elizabeth White, daughter of John 
and Charlotte (McIntosh) White. Children: Charlotte Mary and 
Kathryn Carpenter. 
JACOB S. OTTO, M.D.-In the city of his birth, Dr. Otto has won 
high rank as a specialist in diseases peculiar to children, and as an 
instructor in anatomy, medicine and therapeutics at the University 
of Buffalo, has aided in the preparation of other men for their self- 
imposed duty for humanity. He is a son of John and Eliza (Corning) 
Otto. 
Jacob S. Otto was born in Buffalo, New York, August 29, 1872, and 
there yet resides, an honored citizen and a highly regarded physician. 
He prepared in high school and in private institutions of Buffalo, 
going thence to Princeton University, whence he was graduated A.B., 
class of " '95." He at once began the study of medicine in the Uni- 
versity of Buffalo, Medical Department, continuing until graduated 
M. D., in 1898. After graduation and for the remainder of the year, 
he was interne at Rochester City Hospital; then for one year interne 
at Erie County Hospital at Buffalo; completing his services as in- 
terne after six months' further duty at Buffalo General Hospital. He 
then began private practice and so continues, specializing in diseases 304 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
of children. He is Assistant Professor of Therapeutics in the Uni- 
versity of Buffalo; pediatrist in Erie County Hospital; an associate 
attending physician of Buffalo Children's Hospital. From 1901 to 
1904, he was assistant surgeon of the Seventy-fourth Regiment, Na- 
tional Guard of the State of New York, ranking as captain. He is a 
member of the American Medical Association, New York State Medical 
Society, Erie County Medical Society, Buffalo Academy of Medicine, 
Nu Sigma Nu, and the Saturn Club. 
Dr. Otto married Elisabeth Townsend Wheeler, daughter of Ed- 
mund S. and Jane (Howard) Wheeler. They are the parents of a 
daughter, Elisabeth Townsend Otto. 
T^HOMAS LOTHROP, M.D.-As a scholar, educator, physician, 
A and useful patriotic citizen, as the practical generous helper of 
the needy, as the friend and aid of ambitious young men, Dr. 
Lothrop accomplished that in his life which was of real value to his 
fellowmen, and truly the world was better for his having lived in it. 
He shirked no service, and often without hope of fee or reward gave 
of his overtaxed strength to answer calls from the poor. He was a 
lineal descendant of Dr. John Lothrop, who came from England in 
1630, and settled in Scituate, Massachusetts. He lived up to the 
best traditions of an honored family, and in his keeping the name 
lost none of its fair fame. 
Dr. Thomas Lothrop was born at Provincetown, Cape Cod, Massa- 
chusetts, in 1836, and died in August, 1902. After studying under 
private tutors he completed courses at Clinton Liberal Institute, and 
after graduation with the class of 1855, he entered the Medical De- 
partment of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, and was 
graduated therefrom an M.D., class of " '58. After graduation he 
practised at Corunna, Michigan, but in 1859 came to Buffalo, New 
York, his object being to care for the practice of Dr. John D. Hill 
during the latter's absence upon a European tour. Dr. Lothrop liked 
the locality, and after Dr. Hill's return located at Black Rock, where 
he practised successfully for eleven years. In 1871 he settled in 
Buffalo, which was his home until death. During his long years of 
residence there, he was intimately connected with many important 
institutions of the city and the recipient of many honors. He was 
of course always interested in the medical aspect of the various or- 
ganizations of Buffalo, and for forty years contributed generously 
of his time and his means to the beneficent work of the Church 
Charity Foundation, of whose board he was a member at the time 
of his death. As superintendent of education of the city of Buffalo, 
1869 to 1872, he did much toward raising the standards of the 
schools and increasing their efficiency. He received from Niagara 
University the Adeundum degree, M.D., in 1886, and Ph.D. from the 
same institution in 1893. Hobart College conferred the honorary 
degree, A.M., in 1896. From 1879 he was senior editor of the 
Buffalo Medical Journal; was manager of the Buffalo State Hospital, BIOGRAPHICAL 
305 
appointed by Governor Flower in 1892; and in 1893-94 was president 
of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine. 
An institution in which Dr. Lothrop was deeply interested, one he 
aided to found and which he served as chief physician, was the 
Buffalo Woman's Hospital. He was also physician to St. Francis 
Hospital; consulting physician to the Sisters' Hospital, Providence 
Retreat, Buffalo General Hospital and the Erie County Hospital. He 
was appointed by Governor Odell, visitor to Buffalo Hospital for the 
Insane, and he was Honorary Professor of Obstetrics of the Medical 
Department, University of Buffalo. He was an active member of the 
Erie County Medical Society, the New York State Medical Society, 
a fellow of the American Association of Obstetrics and Gynecologists. 
His college fraternity was Delta Phi, University of Michigan. In 
Free Masonry he was a past master of Parish Lodge, Free and Ac- 
cepted Masons; was a companion of Keystone Chapter, Royal Arch 
Masons; and in Cryptic Masonry belonged to Queen City Council. 
In the business world he served Lakeside Cemetery as president; 
the Buffalo Loan, Trust & Safe Deposit Company as a member of the 
board of directors; and the State Normal School as president of the 
board of directors, holding the last-named office until his death. He 
was a devout churchman, loyal to his duty as a member of St. Paul's 
Parish, Buffalo, and from early manhood until the end he was a 
true, earnest and devoted member of the church to which he gave 
allegiance. The work of the Sunday school strongly attracted him, 
and he was a most valued worker, courtesy and consideration ever 
marking his intercourse with his fellowmen, and he went from earthly 
scenes greatly beloved and admired. 
PARL PERKINS LOTHROP, M.D., of Buffalo, obtained his pre- 
liminary education by attendance at Heathcote School, this 
course supplemented by attendance at Johns Hopkins University, 
from which he received the degree of B.A. in 1892, and then ma- 
triculated in the Medical Department of Niagara University, from 
which he received the degree of M.D. in 1894. During the years 
1894-95 he pursued a post-graduate course at Johns Hopkins Hos- 
pital. He served as Instructor of Pathology, Medical Department^ 
Niagara University, 1896-1901; Associated Professor of Obstetrics, 
University of Buffalo, 1901-05; as surgeon to Buffalo Woman's Hos- 
pital; as surgeon to J. H. Adams Memorial Hospital, Perrysburg, 
New York; as consulting surgeon to Columbus Hospital, and has 
served on the staffs of the Erie County, Sisters' and German Deaconess 
hospitals, 1896-1903, and assistant at Buffalo Woman's Hospital, 
1896-1902, associate, 1902-11, and chief from 1911 to the present 
time (1918). He specializes in the surgical branch of the profession. 
Dr. Lothrop is a member of Erie County, New York State and 
American Medical associations, and a fellow of the American Ob- 
stetrical and Gynecological Association and of the College of Sur- 
geons. Fraternally he is a member of De Molay Lodge, Free and 306 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Accepted Masons, also of Consistory and Shrine, and socially is a 
member of the Buffalo Club and Wanakah Country Club. 
A RTHUR W. HURD, M.D.-By the resignation of Dr. Arthur W. 
Hurd, Superintendent of the Buffalo State Hospital, on March 
19, 1918, the State Hospital Commission has lost one of its oldest, 
most devoted, cultured and able superintendents, and he leaves the 
service with the sincere regrets of all those with whom he has been 
associated, their best wishes for the future health and happiness of 
himself and family, and a hope that for many years he may fully 
enjoy his well-earned rest after thirty-two years of faithful and 
loyal service. 
Dr. Hurd was born in Galesburg, Illinois, in 1858, and received his 
early education in his native state. He received the degree of bache- 
lor of arts and later master of arts from Knox College, Galesburg, 
Illinois, and his medical education at the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, where he was grad- 
uated with the degree of doctor of medicine in 1883. After gradu- 
ation he was resident physician in Bellevue Hospital, New York 
City, and the Workhouse and Almshouse Hospital on Blackwell's 
Island. This experience was supplemented by a course of study in 
Europe, and on his return in 1885 he became a member of the 
medical staff of the Buffalo State Hospital, being appointed Second 
Assistant Physician by Judson B. Andrews, the first superintendent 
of this institution. In 1889 he was promoted to the position of 
First Assistant Physician, and in November, 1894, was made 
superintendent to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Dr. An- 
drews the preceding August. 
During the thirty-two years he has been connected with the Buffalo 
State Hospital, he has been an able, active, energetic worker, and has 
labored conscientiously and zealously, not only to improve the insti- 
tution with which he was connected, and to promote the welfare and 
happiness of the patients, and create harmony and loyalty among the 
employees, but to gain the good-will and co-operation of the public 
and to banish a general feeling of prejudice against State hospitals, 
which was the result of antiquated methods of treatment in common 
use prior to the days of state care. He gave his time freely to those 
seeking advice, and his uniform kindness of heart and pleasing per- 
sonality made many deep and lasting friendships. He possessed un- 
usual executive ability, which was early recognized by the offer of 
other important positions. He w'as always familiar with details of 
management, ready at all times to listen to and carefully weigh 
complaints, to sympathize with and help those in trouble, and always 
eminently fair in his dealings. 
While his paramount interests were with the institution of which 
he was superintendent, his activities extended to many subjects of 
public welfare, including the care and treatment of the insane in 
general, better provisions for the feeble-minded; medical instead BIOGRAPHICAL 
307 
of penal care for inebriates and drug habitues; preventative meas- 
ures; betterment of social conditions and many charities. 
He was, at one time, Professor of Mental Diseases in the University 
of Buffalo, and has always been an active member of many medical 
and social societies, in recent years having been president of the 
County Medical Society and the Academy of Medicine. At present, 
he is a member of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, Erie County 
Medical Society, New York State Medical Society, the American 
Medical Association, the American Medico- Psychological Association, 
Sons of the Revolution, Saturn Club, University Club, Pundit Club, 
Medical Club of Buffalo, Historical Society and Buffalo Society of 
Natural Sciences. 
He has been a frequent contributor of scientific articles to the 
various societies and medical journals, and these give evidence of his 
wide knowledge in psychiatric and general topics. 
AAT-ALTER DAVID GREENE, M.D.-Two eminent members of the 
' v medical profession by the name of Greene have made Buffalo 
the seat of their practice, Walter David Greene and his son Clayton 
Wellington Greene. Walter David Greene, son of Stephen and 
Lydia (Chase) Greene, was born in South Starksboro, Vermont, 
April 20, 1853. He was educated in the district school, and at the 
Friends' Seminary, Union Springs, New York, and later studied 
medicine at the University of Buffalo, whence he was graduated in 
1873. After residence as interne and house physician of the City 
Hospital, Rochester, New York, he practised for several years in 
Mendon, New York, removing to Buffalo in 1880, where he at once 
became identified with public health work. He was district physician 
in 1882 and health officer of the city in 1889, in 1897 was made As- 
sistant Health Commissioner under the new charter, and in 1902 was 
elected Commissioner, continuing until 1907. Subsequently he served 
on the Public Health Council of the Health Department, and as 
consultant on the staff of the municipal hospitals, continuing active 
until his death. 
Dr. Greene was at one time Professor of Hygiene in Niagara 
University, and for the last twenty years of his life he was Clinical 
Professor of Genito-Urinary Diseases in the University of Buffalo. 
The latter half of his professional career he confined his practice to 
genito-urinary diseases and proctology; and was a member of the 
staffs of the Sisters of Charity and Erie County Hospitals, also 
serving the several municipal hospitals. He was a devoted member 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, president of the board of trus- 
tees of Plymouth Church and past president of the Methodist Union. 
He stood high in Masonic circles, was a thirty-third degree Mason, 
A. A. and Scottish Rite, lieutenant commander of Buffalo Consistory, 
past potentate of Ismailia Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S., and past presi- 
dent of the Acacia Club. He was a member of the Medical Union, 
the American Public Health Association, and of many other or- 308 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
ganizations, among them the American Whig Society of Princeton 
University of which he was an honorary member. 
QLAYTON WELLINGTON GREENE, M.D.-During the eight 
years he has been identified with the medical profession in 
Buffalo, as interne and private practitioner, Dr. Greene has con- 
tinued an assiduous student, the securing of his degree of Doctor of 
Medicine but intensifying his thirst for knowledge that he may 
worthily bear the honor. Modest and courteous, he has won his way 
to honorable position and is highly esteemed. He is a son of Dr. 
Walter David and Mary (Pursel) Greene, his father an eminent 
physician of Buffalo from 1880 until his death. 
Clayton Wellington Greene was born in Buffalo, New York, March 
14, 1884, and there completed the public school courses with gradu- 
ation from Masten Park High School in 1902. He then entered 
Princeton University, whence he was graduated Bachelor of Arts, 
class of 1906, and the same year began the study of medicine at the 
University of Buffalo. He was awarded his medical degree in class 
of 1910, and during that year and the next, was interne at Buffalo 
General Hospital. He began private practice in Buffalo in 1912, 
and so continues very successfully. In 1914 he did post graduate 
work in London, England, largely in University College Hospital 
Medical School. He is identified with the medical department of 
the University of Buffalo as associate in medicine; is assistant at- 
tending physician, Buffalo General Hospital; assistant consulting 
physician to the Ernest Wende, Municipal, and City Hospitals of 
Buffalo; attending physician, Good Samaritan Dispensary; and is 
a member of the Medical Reserve Corps, United States Army, rank- 
ing as first lieutenant. He was in active service at Columbus Bar- 
racks (Ohio), in 1916. He is a member of the American Medical 
Association; Association of Military Surgeons; New York State 
Medical Society; Erie County Medical Society; Buffalo Medical 
Union; Nu Sigma Nu; and the University Club. 
Dr. Greene married Emma Walmsley Otis, daughter of Stephen 
Gorham and Mariana (Walmsley) Otis, of Sherwood, New York. 
Dr. and Mrs. Greene are the parents of: David Gorham and Pris- 
cilla Mary Greene. 
TIENRY CLARK BUSWELL, M.D., of Buffalo, was born in 
1 1 Craftsbury, Vermont, January 28, 1862, son of Clark Stevens 
and Lucena (Downer) Buswell. He attended St. Johnsbury Acad- 
emy (Vermont), Montpelier Seminary (Vermont), St. Joseph's Col- 
lege, Buffalo, New York, and University of Niagara, Buffalo, New 
York, from which he graduated in 1888. He pursued special courses 
in internal medicine in Berlin and Vienna in 1893-94, 1904-5 and 
1913. He is engaged in active practice in Buffalo, making a specialty 
of internal medicine. He is attending physician of the Erie County 
Hospital, consulting physician of the Buffalo Hospital of Sisters of 
Charity, of Providence Retreat, Emergency Hospital, and Physician- BIOGRAPHICAL 
309 
in-ehief to the German Deaconess Hospital, and Associate Professor of 
Medicine at the University of Buffalo. He is a member of the 
American Medical Association, Medical Society State of New York, 
Buffalo Academy of Medicine, Medical Society of County of Erie 
Medical Union, and Buffalo Club. 
JOHN HAUENSTEIN, M.D.-When ten years of age Dr. Hauen- 
stein was brought by his parents from his native Switzerland to 
America, and in the city of Buffalo, New York, the family found a 
home. There Dr. Hauenstein found opportunity and there he prac- 
ticed medicine for more than half a century, becoming eminent in 
medicine and surgery. The last ten years of his life, 1895-1905, he 
spent retired from professional cares, having been in continuous 
practice in Buffalo for fifty-one years, 1844-95. 
John Hauenstein was born in the Canton of Argau, Switzerland, 
June 28, 1821, and died in Buffalo, New York, November 10, 1905. 
The first ten years of his life were spent in his native Canton, the 
remainder in the city of Buffalo, to which he came in 1831. In 1833 
he became an apprentice in the office of Dr. Dellenbaugh, which later 
led him to take up the study of medicine. He attended private 
schools until entering high school, there pursuing courses until 
graduation. He studied medicine with Dr. F. L. Harris, of Buffalo, 
then entered Geneva Medical College, whence he was graduated 
M.D., class of 1844. He began practice in Buffalo, locating his 
office at the corner of Main and Mohawk streets, and there began 
the professional career which terminated fifty-one years later with 
his retirement. A few years after beginning practice he moved his 
offices to Washington street, where he maintained his residence and 
office until 1895. He practised along general lines, was equally 
eminent as a surgeon and physician, and spared not himself, answer- 
ing every demand made upon his professional skill. 
Dr. Hauenstein became a member of the Erie County Medical So- 
ciety, in 1844, the year of his graduation, and in 1881 was elected 
president of the society. He prepared and read many papers be- 
fore the Society during his half century of active membership; he 
read in 1882 a paper on "Cephalic Version in the Postural Position." 
On the seventy-fifth anniversary of the founding of the Society, held 
January 14, 1896, he read his valued paper, "First Uses of Anes- 
thetics in Buffalo," which was published the following March in the 
Buffalo Medical Journal. Another paper presented to the Society 
was his "Resume of Fifty Years of Obstetric Practice," also pub- 
lished in the Journal, issue of June, 1897. He was a man of amiable 
disposition and gentle manner, greatly beloved in all circles and 
very happy in his surroundings. He was one of the founders and 
at different times president of the German Young Men's Association; 
was an active member of the Society of Natural Sciences and of the 
Buffalo Academy of Medicine. 
Dr. Hauenstein married, December 2, 1845, Madeline Sigwald, of 
Alsace, France, both being survived by their four children: Alfred 310 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
G.; Ottilie E., married Nathaniel Rochester; Oscar H., and Eugenie 
F., all of Buffalo. Dr. Barton Hauenstein, son of the late Alfred G. 
Hauenstein, was a graduate of Buffalo Medical College and was at 
the head of the Pathological Department of the Buffalo General Hos- 
pital. In 1918 he entered the service and is at the base hospital at 
Fort Porter, New York. 
A LBERT F. WOEHNERT, M.D., of Buffalo, was bom September 
5, 1868, in Buffalo, New York, son of George J. C. and Emily 
(Dellenbough) Woehnert, the former named engaged in business 
pursuits, a singer of some note. 
Albert E. Woehnert attended the common and high schools of his 
native city, was a student of the University of Buffalo, 1893, and 
during 1894-95 was a student in the University of Vienna. After 
receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine, he located for active prac- 
tice in Buffalo, specializing in internal medicines. Dr. Woehnert is 
Associate Professor of Medicine in the University of Buffalo, and 
Attending Physician of the Erie County Hospital, and occasionally 
he contributes a paper along the line of his profession. He holds 
membership in the Academy of Medicine, Medical Club and Saturn 
Club. 
Dr. Woehnert married, April 14, 1896, in Willimantic, Connecticut, 
Annie Martin Utley, daughter of Charles R. and Annie Eliza (Rob- 
bins) Utley, of Willimantic. Their children are: Emily, Nancy and 
Marian. 
PDGAR ALBERT VANDER VEER, Ph.D., M.D., of Albany, New 
■L'York, the son of Dr. Albert and Margaret (Snow) Vander Veer, 
was born in Albany, New York, September 29th, 1873. He was 
educated at the Albany Academy, graduating therefrom in 1891, and 
going from there to Yale University, where he entered the Shef- 
field Scientific School, from which he was graduated in 1895, receiv- 
ing the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy. This was followed by a 
course at the Albany Medical College, from which he received, in 1898, 
the degree of Doctor of Medicine. A course of study in Germany 
during the year 1898-1899 gave him the advantage of post-graduate 
work with the European point of view. 
Dr. Vander Veer commenced the practice of his profession in 
Albany, specializing in abdominal surgery, in which he is a recog- 
nized authority. He is an attending surgeon at the Albany Hospital, 
and served as Acting Assistant Surgeon of the United States Army 
during the Spanish-American War. He is the author of a number 
of papers on his specialty, which papers have been presented before 
the medical and surgical organizations. 
He is a member of the American Surgical Association, of the 
American Association of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, of the 
American Medical Association, of the American Academy of Medi- 
cine, of the Medical Society of the State of New York, of the Albany 
County Medical Society and is a former president of the American BIOGRAPHICAL 
311 
Medical Editors' Association. He is a member of several Masonic 
bodies. Outside of his professional affiliations, he holds membership 
in the Fort Orange Club, the University Club, the Albany Club, 
the Albany Country Club, the Mohawk Golf Club, the Yale Club of 
New York City, the Graduates' Club of New Haven. 
ALBERT VANDER VEER, M.D., was born at Root, Montgomery 
county, New York, July 10, 1841, the son of Abram H. and 
Sarah (Martin) Vander Veer. Abram H. Vander Veer was one of 
the pioneers of that locality, the founder of the village of Leather- 
ville, having erected as a tannery the first building in that place, 
now known as Rural Grove. Dr. Vander Veer's mother as well as his 
father were descended from Dutch ancestry, first represented in this 
country in 1639, only nineteen years after the landing of the Pil- 
grims. The Vander Veer family has been noted for its patriotism, 
having had members in the Revolution, the War of 1812, and the 
Civil War. 
Albert Vander Veer, M.D., received his preparatory education in 
the Union schools of Palatine and the Canajoharie Academy. Having 
had, at an early age, a predilection for the medical profession, he 
began his medical studies when eighteen years old, and in 1861 at- 
tended a course of lectures in the Albany Medical College. Very 
soon after he enlisted in the United States Army, and was one of 
the original one hundred commissioned as United States Medical 
Cadets. He was assigned to duty at Columbia College Hospital, 
Washington, D. C., and while there attended lectures at the National 
Medical College (now the medical department of George Washington 
University), receiving from this institution the degree of M. D. in 
1862. In 1863 he was commissioned assistant surgeon of the Sixty- 
sixth Regiment, New York Volunteers, and the following year was ad- 
vanced to the grade of surgeon, with the rank of major. He was 
mustered out of service in 1865, and after attending a full course of 
lectures at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, re- 
turned to Albany, in 1866, and began the active practice of his pro- 
fession. He was appointed to the Chair of General and Special An- 
atomy in the Albany Medical College, which institution also conferred 
upon him in the same year, 1869, the honorary degree of M. D. He 
retained the position here until 1882, when he became professor of 
didactic, clinical and abdominal surgery at Williams College, which 
institution conferred upon him, in that year, the degree of A. M. 
The following year, 1883, he received the honorary degree of Ph.D. 
from Union and Hamilton College. After many years of ably ful- 
filling the duties of the appointment received in 1869, he became Pro- 
fessor of Surgery in 1902, which position he held until 1914, when 
he was made emeritus of surgery, resigning the latter in June, 1915. 
In 1874 Dr. Vander Veer made a visit to Europe for the purpose of 
study in London, Paris and Berlin, resuming his chair at the Albany 
Medical College upon his return. In 1884 he also spent some time 
studying in each of the three aforenamed cities. From 1896 to 1905 312 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
he was dean of the Albany Medical College, and also served as sur- 
geon-in-chief at the Albany Hospital; attending and consulting sur- 
geon at the South End Dispensary, having previously served as such 
at the St. Peter's Hospital. In 1904 George Washington University 
conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL.D. He is consulting 
surgeon, Champlain Valley Hospital, Plattsburg, New York; at the 
Hospital for Crippled and Deformed Children, West Haverstraw, 
New York; and at the Benedictine Hospital, Kingston, New York. 
He has made a specialty of the diseases of the genito-urinary tract, 
abdominal diseases and gynecological diseases, and was the first to 
take up the practice of Abdominal Surgery in Albany. He has made 
the following contributions to the literature of the medical world: 
An "Article on the Cleft-Palate and Hare-Lip (Ward's Handbook 
on Medical Sciences)" (revised, 1914); "History of General Sur- 
gery," (Encyclopedia Americana), first edition; "Injuries and Dis- 
eases of the Abdomen," (International Encyclopedia of Surgery), 
first edition; and various other articles on surgery to different medical 
journals. He is a regent of the University of the State of New York, 
having been elected in 1896, and he has also been vice-chancellor since 
1915; is vice-president of the Albany Institute and Historical and 
Art Society; governor of the Albany Hospital; a member and ex- 
president of the American Surgical Association, American Associa- 
tion of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, New York State Medical 
Society (1885), Albany County Medical Society, first vice-president 
of the American Medical Association (1915), fellow of the American 
College of Surgeons and British Gynaecological Association, member 
of the International Surgical Association, British Medical Association, 
Southern Surgical and Gynaecological Association, and others. He 
is a life member of the New York Historical Society and the State 
History Association. His clubs are the Fort Orange Club, the Uni- 
versity Club and the Country Club, Albany, New York. 
Dr. Vander Veer married, June 5, 1867, Margaret E. Snow, daugh- 
ter of Dr. Simon and Elizabeth (Diefendorf) Snow, of Root, New 
York. They are the parents of three children, as follows: Edgar Al- 
bert, bom September 29, 1873; James Newell, born December 12, 
1877; and Albert, Jr., born November 28, 1879. 
PRANCIS JOSEPH CARR, M.D., of Buffalo, was bom in Green- 
1 wood, Steuben county, New York, July 22, 1866, son of Francis 
and Teresa (O'Hargan) Carr. He was educated in the district school 
near his early home and later in the Canisteo Academy High School, 
Buffalo. He finally entered the medical department of the Univer- 
sity of Niagara, from which he received the degree of Doctor of 
Medicine in 1894. He has made a specialty of surgery. He is Pro- 
fessor of Anatomy in the Niagara University, and he has written 
papers on different branches of surgery for the Medical Association. 
He is a member of the American College of Surgeons, the Erie County 
Medical Society, the Academy of Medicine, the Buffalo Club, the BIOGRAPHICAL 
313 
Knights of Columbus, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of 
Elks. 
Dr. Carr married Celine P. Scanlan, daughter of John and Agnes 
Scanlan. Their children are: Francis J., Jr., Joseph V., Christopher 
A., Mary A., and Celine P. Carr. 
f^ORNELIUS JOHN CARR, M.D.-After graduation from Niagara 
University in 1896, Dr. Carr began practice in the city of Buffalo, 
and there for nearly a quarter of a century he has practised his heal- 
ing art in the city to which he came as a young man. He is a son of 
Francis and Teresa (O'Hargan) Carr, of Steuben county, New York. 
Dr. Cornelius J. Carr was born at Greenwood, Steuben county, 
New York, in 1867, and there attended the public schools. Later he 
was a student at Canisteo Academy, there completing classical study. 
He prepared for a professional career in the Medical Department of 
Niagara University, whence he was graduated M.D., class of 1896. 
He went abroad and devoted several months to study in the hospitals 
of France, Germany, Scotland and England. He began practice in 
Buffalo and has grown in learning and skill with the years and the 
advance in medical science, and commands a good practice. He is a 
member of the medical staff of the Emergency Hospital, Sisters of 
Charity, and the German Orphan Asylum, and is highly regarded by 
his professional brethren. He is a member of Erie County Medical 
Society, the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, and the Esculapian Club, 
many papers prepared by Dr. Carr having been read and discussed 
before these bodies of professional men. His fraternal orders are the 
Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Knights of Colum- 
bus; his clubs are the Buffalo Club, the Wanakah Country Club, and 
Automobile Club of Buffalo. Dr. Carr is unmarried. 
T AMES HENRY CARR, M.D., of Buffalo, was born in Greenwood, 
New York, May 21, 1869, son of Francis and Teresa (O'Hargan) 
Carr. He received his education at the Canisteo Academy, and in 
1900 was given the degree of Doctor of Medicine at the University of 
Buffalo. Since that time he has been engaged in the practice of 
medicine and surgery in Buffalo, with the exception of that period of 
time in 1909 when he took post-graduate work under Professor Pick 
in Berlin, Germany. He is attending surgeon at the Emergency 
Hospital, St. Joseph's Hospital, and St. Francis' Asylum. He is a 
member of the American Medical Association, the Erie County Medi- 
cal Society, Buffalo Academy of Medicine, the New York and New 
England Railway Association, and the Knights of Columbus. Dr. 
Carr also belongs to the Buffalo Club, the Automobile Club, the 
Country Club, the Wanakah Club and the Union Club. 
RED JAMES DOUGLAS, M.D., of Utica, New York, was born in 
1 Clinton, Massachusetts, September 14, 1869, son of the late 
Andrew and Adelia Douglas. 
His early education was obtained at Little Falls Academy, Little 314 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Falls, New York. He entered upon his professional studies at the 
Dartmouth Medical School, receiving his degree of Doctor of Medi- 
cine in 1894. In 1895 he began the practice of medicine in Utica, 
where he has ever since remained. He is an attending surgeon at 
the Faxton Hospital, Utica, and is the consulting surgeon of the 
State Hospital of that city. His specialty is surgery, and his 
ability in his own field has gained for him the confidence of the com- 
munity. He was the public Health Officer for the city in 1890, and 
is now a member of the Board of Education. Dr. Douglas is a mem- 
ber of the Utica Medical Library Association, the Medical Society of 
Oneida County, the New York State Medical Society, the American 
Mediical Association, and a fellow of the American College of Sur- 
gery. He is a member of the Masonic Order, the Elks, Fort Schuyler 
Club, the Yahnundasis Golf Club, the Utica Golf and Country Club, 
and the Little Falls Country Club. 
Dr. Douglas married, in 1897, at Little Falls, New York, Kathleen 
McGraw, daughter of John and Katherine McGraw. They have 
three children: James G., born March 10, 1900; Katherine Jean, 
born April 30, 1903, and Frederick John, born May 1, 1906. 
ARTHUR GEORGE BENNETT, M.D.-After completing medical 
k courses at the University of Buffalo, and securing his M.D., Dr. 
Bennett, the same year, pursued post-graduate study in ophthalmology 
in England, under the direction of the eminent physician, Priestley 
Smith, then returned to Buffalo, where he has gained honorable ranl^ 
and an extensive practice as a specialist. He is of English birth and 
parentage, son of John Wing and Emma Fernley (Lawton) Bennett, 
of Birmingham, England. 
Arthur George Bennett was born at Birmingham, England, Sep- 
tember 16, 1861, and there completed the courses of King Edward 
VI. Grammar School. Later he came to the United States, and when 
the choice of a profession was made, elected medicine. He prepared 
in the medical department of the University of Buffalo, was gradu- 
ated M.D., class of 1891, and at once went to Birmingham, England, 
there pursuing a course of special instruction in ophthalmology at 
Queens Hospital, under Dr. Priestley Smith. He began practice in 
Buffalo, New York, in 1893, and there continues very successfully. 
He is ophthalmologist to the Deaconess, Children's and Erie County 
hospitals; Assistant Professor in ophthalmology, University of Buffalo; 
chief of Clinic, University Dispensary; consulting ophthalmologist to 
Craig Colony for Epileptics, and to J. N. Adam Tubercular Hos- 
pital. He is a member of the Administrative Board of the Medical 
Department University of Buffalo, serving his fourth term, and a 
member of the Medical Advisory Board, Third District, Erie County. 
Dr. Bennett is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons; mem- 
ber of the American Medical Association, American Academy of 
Ophthalmology, New York State Medical Society, Buffalo Academy of 
Medicine, Buffalo Ophthalmological Club, Roswell Park Medical Club, 
Gross Medical Club, the Masonic Order, and the Acacia Club. BIOGRAPHICAL 
315 
Dr. Bennett married Alice McLean Ross, daughter of James J. 
and Sarah (Moore) Ross. They are the parents of a daughter, Alice 
Emma Bennett, and of a son, Arthur Lawton Bennett. 
YYTTO PFAFF, M.D., was bom at Crogan, Lewis county, New 
York in 1864, son of Jacob and Anna Victoria (Pfaff) Pfaff, his 
father having been a farmer of Lewis county. 
He first attended school in those of the region, being sent latterly 
to the Carthage High School of Carthage, New York. His medical 
education was obtained at the Medical Department of the University 
of the City of New York, from which he was graduated in 1888 with 
the degree of Doctor of Medicine. From 1888 to 1891 he practised 
at Turin, Lewis county, moving from there to Oneida in 1891, where 
he has since made his residence. He has made a specialty of internal 
medicine and surgery. He is connected with the City Hospital of 
Oneida, and is a trustee of the Broad Street Hospital. He served 
as mayor of Oneida from 1891 to 1892, and from 1908 to 1914, four 
terms in all. He was postmaster during the year 1914, and served as 
presidential elector for President Wilson's first term. He is a first 
lieutenant of the Medical Corps of the new army, and is the presi- 
dent of the State Sanitary Association. He has been the president of 
the Lewis and the Madison Counties Medical societies, and president 
of the Fifth District of the State Medical Society. He is a member of 
the American Medical Association, and of the Syracuse Academy of 
Medicine, also is a member of the Masons, the Odd Fellows, Elks, and 
of the Methodist Episcopal church. 
Dr. Pfaff married, in Oneida, November 22, 1890, Della T. Wil- 
liams, daughter of William R. and Mary L. Williams. 
rpHEW WRIGHT, M.D., of Buffalo, was bom in Boston, Massa- 
1 chusetts, June 19, 1877, son of William Burnet Wright, clergy- 
man, and Lucretia (Johnson) Wright. He was graduated from Yale 
College in 1899, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He then 
entered the medical department of the University of Buffalo, from 
which he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine, 1903. The fol- 
lowing year, 1903 to 1904, he served as an interne in the Buffalo 
General Hospital. From 1904 to 1905 he studied as a post-graduate 
in Marburg and Berlin, Germany. In 1906 he studied in Vienna, 
Austria, his study being in general surgery. Dr. Wright is an 
associate in surgery, University of Buffalo; attending surgeon, Buffalo 
General Hospital; surgeon to the Municipal Hospitals Buffalo; at- 
tending surgeon, Erie County Hospital and Buffalo Children's Hos- 
pital. He is a member of the Nu Sigma Nu fraternity; Fellow of 
the American Medical Association; the American College of Sur- 
geons ; and of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine. He is a member of 
the Buffalo Club, Saturn Club, Park Club, and the Buffalo Tennis and 
Squash Club. 
June 3, 1918, he was commissioned major, Medical Officers' Reserve 
Corps, U. S. Army, and entered active service with the army. In 316 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
December, 1917, was made a member of the New York State Commit- 
tee Medical Section, Council of National Defense. He became a 
member of Medical Advisory Board under Selective Service Act, and 
a member of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United 
States. He is a life member of the American Red Cross. He served 
in National Guard, State of New York, as captain in the Medical 
Corps, 1907-11, and served in New York Guard as major of the 
Fourth Brigade, 1917-1918. 
Dr. Wright married in Buffalo, 1904, Nathalie Clinton, daughter 
of Spencer Clinton. 
JOHN HENRY PRYOR, M.D., of Buffalo, was born in Rochester, 
New York, August 27, 1859, the son of John I. and Mary E. (Van 
Dolah) Pryor. His preliminary education was that of the public 
and high schools. He was graduated from the medical department 
of the University of Buffalo, in 1883, and later took some post- 
graduate work in New York, Philadelphia and Germany. He is medi- 
cal director and chief consultant at the J. N. Adam Hospital for 
Incipient Tuberculosis, and was a trustee of the New York State 
Hospital for Incipient Tuberculosis. He was at one time superinten- 
dent of that institution, and at one time a member of the New York 
State Tenement House Commission. He has contributed numerous 
articles to the medical world on "Diagnosis of Incipient Tubercu- 
losis" and recently contributed an article on "Rolliar Heliotherapy 
and Immobility of the Diaphragm." His practice has been largely 
devoted to the diseases of the chest. He is a member of the American 
Climatological Society, the National Tuberculosis Association, the 
New York Medical Society, the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, and the 
International Tuberculosis Association. He belongs to the Saturn 
Club and to the Park Club. 
Dr. Pryor married, at Buffalo, October 9, 1902, Elizabeth G. Graves, 
daughter of John William and Jane Breen Graves. 
/^LAYTON MILO BROWN, M.D., was born in Hermitage, New 
York, July 28, 1871, son of Milo and Emma (Shader) Brown. 
After receiving his elementary and secondary education he entered 
the University of Buffalo and from the medical department of that 
institution was graduated in 1896 with the degree of M.D. He took 
his post-graduate work in medicine at the University of Vienna, 
making a specialty of the ear, nose and throat. In 1913 he was made 
a fellow in the American College of Surgeons. He is now Associate 
Professor of Otology, University of Buffalo; and Otologist at the 
Children's, German Deaconess, Sisters of Charity, Municipal, Ernest 
Wende, Charity Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospitals, and at the St. 
Mary's Infant Asylum. 
Dr. Brown was married to Evelyn M. Haines, daughter of Thomas 
and Margaret (Marshall) Haines, in 1907. HERBERT U. WILLIAMS, M. D. 
Professor Medical Department 
University of Buffalo BIOGRAPHICAL 
317 
LJ ERBERT UPHAM WILLIAMS, M.D., of Buffalo, is a native of 
1 1 that city, born November 28, 1866. He supplemented his pre- 
paratory education by attendance for two years in the University of 
Michigan, then matriculated at the University of Buffalo, from 
which he received his degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1889, and re- 
ceived the same degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1891, 
He pursued post-graduate studies at the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons of New York, Johns Hopkins University and the University 
at Gottingen, Germany. During the years 1889-90, he served as 
interne of the Buffalo General Hospital, and since then has been 
active in his profession, specializing in pathology and bacteriology, 
serving as Pathologist of the Buffalo General and Erie County Hos- 
pitals, and from 1894 to the present time, as Professor of Pathology 
and Bacteriology in the University of Buffalo. He is the author of 
a "Manual of Bacteriology" (five editions) and of original work on 
"Trichinosis, Pancreatitis, Hemagglutinins, Sweat Glands in Neph- 
ritis. ' ' For one year he served as president of the Buffalo Academy 
of Medicine, for a similar period as president of the American Asso- 
ciation of Pathologists and Bacteriologists, and is a member of the 
Saturn Club, Buffalo. 
T AMES A. GIBSON, M.D., late secretary and Professor of Anatomy 
J of the University of Buffalo, was a most diligent and inspired 
worker. His extreme willingness and readiness to give his time and 
effort to the work at the University and elsewhere made his death on 
October 4, 1917, a loss keenly and deeply felt. 
Dr. Gibson was born in London, Ontario, Canada. His study, pre- 
paratory to taking up the profession of medicine, was done in the 
schools of Canada. He received the degree of Doctor of Medicine 
from the Medical Department of Western University. When about 
twenty-five years old, in 1892, Dr. Gibson came from Canada to 
Buffalo. Five years later he entered the University of Buffalo as 
a Demonstrator in Anatomy. In 1905 he was appointed Professor 
of Anatomy, in which capacity he was serving at the time of his 
death. He was also later made secretary of the Medical Department. 
He was a member of Nu Sigma Nu; a Mason of rank; a leader in 
the Roswell Park Medical Club; a member of the Buffalo Academy 
of Medicine; and had also been an active member of the American 
Medical Association. His wife, Mrs. Clara North Gibson, and daugh- 
ter, Clara North Gibson, survive him. 
T AMES AUGUSTUS GARDNER, M.D., of Buffalo, was born in 
Poughkeepsie, New York, October 28, 1870, son of LaVergne F. 
and Frances (McNutt) Gardner, the former named a Grand Army 
of the Republic veteran, having served as secretary of Eastman Busi- 
ness College, Poughkeepsie, New York, until his retirement in 
1910. 
Dr. Gardner attended the New York University, where he pursued 
a course in arts, and left in his sophomore year; then matriculated in 318 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons (Columbia University) from 
which he graduated in 1895, and after his graduation served for two 
years in Fourth Medical Bellevue Hospital. He located for active 
practice in Buffalo, New York, specializes in urology, and is serving 
as attending urologist in the German Hospital and consulting urol- 
ogist in the Municipal Hospital, Buffalo. He holds membership in 
the American Genito-Urinary Surgeons' Association, the American 
Urological Association, Buffalo Club, Park Club and Wanahah Coun- 
try Club. 
Dr. Gardner married, in Geneva, New York, January 21, 1899, 
Mary Louise Everett, daughter of Thomas J. and Susan (McDowell) 
Everett. Children: Helen Louise and James McDowell. 
QLARA ANNA MARCH, M.D.-Born May 6, 1883, in North Da- 
kota, but raised and educated in New England, Dr. March is a 
daughter of Louis Miller March, great-grand-daughter of William 
P. Miller of New York, and a direct descendant of Captain John 
Underhill, the famous Indian fighter, who came to this country in 
1630. She is a member of the Underhill Society of America. 
Miss March was educated in the public schools, completed her 
course in Buffalo High School and graduated with the class of June, 
1902. In pursuance of her ambition to become a physician, she 
entered the Medical Department of the University of Buffalo, whence 
she was graduated M.D., class of 1907. She had become deeply in- 
terested in ophthalmology during her years in college, and that in- 
terest led her to pursue special courses dealing entirely with that 
subject and eventually to give herself exclusively to that specialty. 
In 1909 Dr. March took a special course in refraction, retinoscopy, 
ophthalmoscopy and ophthalmometry at the New York Post-Graduate 
Medical School, and the same year a special course on operative sur- 
gery on the cadaver. In 1912 she went abroad for special courses in 
Vienna, her studies including external diseases, fundus work and 
bacteriology. In 1915 she took a special course in operative surgery 
on the living at the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital of New 
York City. During the years 1912-13 she was clinical assistant at 
the Charity Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital of Buffalo, and since 1913 
was assistant surgeon to the same institution. In 1918 she was ap- 
pointed on the faculty of the University of Buffalo. She is a mem- 
ber of the American Medical Association, New York State Medical 
Society, Erie County Medical Society, Buffalo Academy of Medicine, 
Women's Medical Society of New York State, Physicians' League, 
and Alumni Association of the University of Buffalo. Her clubs are 
the Graduates and Women's University. Dr. March retains a deep 
interest in her medical alma mater, and a still deeper interest in 
young men and women struggling to obtain a professional education. 
One of her practical expressions of sympathy and interest is her gift 
to the University of Buffalo of the Frank Miller March Memorial 
Fund for the benefit of worthy students in the departments of Medi- 
cine and Chemistry, given in memory of her brother, who also was BIOGRAPHICAL 
319 
graduated from the University of Buffalo, Department of Chem- 
istry. 
T)ERNARD FRANCIS SCHREINER, M.D., was born in 1886, and 
after finishing his college preparation at the high school entered 
upon the study of his profession at Buffalo University Medical School. 
From this institution he received his degree as Doctor of Medicine in 
1909. In addition to a large private practice, Dr. Schreiner has held 
the post of instructor in surgery. He is the roentgenologist of the 
State Institution of Malignant Diseases. He is also assistant surgeon 
at the General Hospital at Buffalo. He is a fellow of the American 
Medical Association, a member of the Academy of Medicine, and of 
the Erie County Medical Society. 
CHRISTIANA MARION GREENE, M.D.-When Dr. Greene com- 
pleted her normal school course in 1898, she pursued the teach- 
ing profession for a time, then began carrying out a purpose earlier 
formed, the acquirement of a medical education and degree. This 
was ten years after graduation from normal school, and for 
ten years she has been a regular practitioner in Buffalo, the city of 
her birth, the scene of all her educational striving, classical and pro- 
fessional. Her practice is as a specialist in diseases of women, and 
girls of adolescent period. 
Dr. Greene was born in Buffalo, New York, in 1879, daughter of 
Samuel and Marion (Vine) Greene. She completed the grammar 
school course of the city public schools with graduation in 1894, then 
entered Buffalo Normal School, completing the course there with the 
graduating class of 1898. She taught for a few years, then began the 
study of medicine, entered the medical department of the University 
of Buffalo in 1904, and was graduated M.D., class of 1908. The next 
year was spent in post-graduate work at her alma mater, after which 
she began practice. Her success has been satisfactory. Dr. Greene 
is a member of the American Medical Association, New York State 
Medical Association, New York State Women's Association, Erie 
County Medical Society, Buffalo Academy of Medicine, and the Phy- 
sicians League of Buffalo. 
r* SUMNER JONES, B.S., M.D., of Buffalo, was born in Middle- 
sex, New York, July 27, 1858, son of Joshua and Ursula B. 
(Case) Jones. He took the course in science and letters at Cornell 
University, Ithaca, New York, and was graduated in the class of 
1884. During his college course he was senior editor of the Cornell 
"Daily Sun," captain of Company C, and class secretary in his, 
senior year. In 1886 he began the study of medicine at the University 
of Buffalo, was graduated in 1888, and received the first honorable 
mention for his thesis on "Original Investigation upon the Pneumo- 
gastric Nerves." After his graduation he spent one year as house 
surgeon at the Fitch Accident Hospital, and three years as associate 
physician at the Jackson Sanatorium, Dansville, New York. In the 320 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
summer of 1890 he went abroad and studied in the hospitals of 
Vienna, and three years later spent eight months abroad studying 
with Charcot in the hospital, Sal Patriane, in Paris, France, and with 
Victor Honsley in the laboratory of the University College Hospital 
in London, England. Upon his return to his native land, Dr. Jones 
located in Buffalo, New York, there engaged in practice, and is at- 
tending physician to the Children's Hospital of Buffalo and the 
Buffalo Orphan Asylum, and Associate in Pediatrics, Medical De- 
partment, University of Buffalo. On June 5, 1918, Dr. Jones was 
elected Dean of the Department of Medicine of the University of 
Buffalo. He is a member of the Erie County Medical Society, the 
Buffalo Academy of Medicine, the State Medical Society, the Ameri- 
can Medical Association, Delta Upsilon Fraternity of Cornell, the 
I. C. I. Fraternity of Buffalo University, the University Club, and 
its president two years, the Buffalo Club, and five years president of 
the Country Club, also a member of the Saturn Club. 
Dr. Jones married, December 26, 1893, Emma Pratt, of Buffalo, 
New York, daughter of Pascal Pratt. One son, Pascal Pratt Jones. 
Mrs. Jones died May 20, 1914. 
A/f AUD JOSEPHINE FRYE, M.D., was born in Concord township, 
1 1 Erie county, New York, and there began her education in the 
public schools, finishing with graduation from Griffith Institute in 
Springville. She entered the medical department of the University 
of Buffalo, whence she was graduated M.D., class of 1892. The re- 
maining months of 1892 and part of 1893 she spent as interne at 
the Woman's Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, then in 1893 returned to 
Buffalo, and has since been continuously in the practice of her pro- 
fession. She was for years physician to the Erie County Hospital 
and Buffalo Woman's Hospital. Dr. Frye specializes in diseases of 
women. She is a member of the American Medical Association, 
Buffalo Academy of Medicine, Physicians League of Buffalo, New 
York Women's Medical Society and president in 1915-16, and the 
Medical Women's National Association. 
\TELSON WALTON WILSON, M.D.-Well known in medical 
circles of Buffalo, New York, during the last twenty years of his 
life, Dr. Wilson was not only one of the best-known medical men 
of the city, but one of the prominent members of the out-of-door 
clubs and of the Masonic order. He was born in New York City, New 
York, July 30, 1865, and died suddenly in New York City, August 
30, 1915. After completing classical study he became a reporter on 
the New York "World," later going to the Buffalo "Evening News," 
where he became the city editor, and while still a journalist he began 
the study of medicine in the Medical Department of the University 
of Buffalo. He continued his medical studies without interruption 
until graduated M.D., class of 1898. He was preparing to begin 
private practice in Buffalo when the prospects of war with Spain 
caused Fort Porter to become a center of military activity for the BIOGRAPHICAL 
321 
Buffalo section, and an additional post physician was necessary. Dr. 
Wilson was appointed, and until the war was over he was physician 
at Fort Porter. Shortly after being relieved from duty he was 
elected a member of the Medical Reserve Corps, and ever afterward 
was a frequent contributor to the Army and Navy Medical Jour- 
nals on subjects affecting the service. 
He practised in Buffalo until his death as a specialist in genito- 
urinary diseases, connected with Buffalo General Hospital; was for 
several years assistant to Dr. Roswell Park; was lecturer on genito- 
urinary diseases, University of Buffalo, Medical Department; and 
was one of the physicians who attended President McKinley after 
the attack of the assassin. Dr. Wilson was a fellow of the American 
College of Surgeons; held the rank of first lieutenant in the United 
States Medical Reserve Corps; was a member of the City and State 
Medical societies, and highly regarded by both laity and profession 
as a skilled physician and surgeon. He was a member of the Masonic 
order, belonging to Ancient Landmarks Lodge, and holding the 
thirty-second degree, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite. He was a 
member of the Buffalo and Audubon clubs, his favorite recreations 
being hunting and fishing. In 1909, Dr. Wilson married Charlotte 
Inman, who is yet a resident of Buffalo. 
(^HARLES AUGUST BENTZ, M.D., was born in Buffalo, New 
York, February 20, 1879, the son of Henry and Frances Bentz. He 
attended the public school No. 37, of that city, and the Buffalo Cen- 
tral High School. Later he entered the medical department of the 
University of Buffalo and graduating therefrom in 1902, was awarded 
the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He then took up post-graduate 
work for several years, attending during that time the most important 
universities in the United States, Canada, and Europe. Dr. Bentz 
is now clinical pathologist at the Erie County and Municipal Hos- 
pitals; and pathologist to the Sisters of Charity, German and St. 
Mary's Maternity Hospitals. He has contributed to the literature of 
the medical world articles on: Traumatic-Tetanus, Rhinophyma, In- 
fluenzal Septicemia, Acute Trichinosis, and Gangrenous Dermatitis. 
He is a member of the Phi Rho Sigma fraternity and an honorary 
member of the Beta Phi Sigma fraternity. He belongs to the Medi- 
cal Union; Roswell Park Medical Club; Erie County Medical So- 
ciety; New York State Medical Society; the American Public Health 
Association, and the American Pathologists and Bacteriologists. He 
is a member of Lodge No. 23, Benevolent and Protective Order of 
Elks. Dr. Bentz married Helen McNamara, of Elmira, New York. 
T UCY ALICE KENNER, M.D.-A graduate physician, in prac- 
tice in Buffalo since 1911, Dr. Kenner in the city of her birth 
has won professional reputation and gained a lucrative practice. She 
is a daughter of Godfrey and Louise (Becker) Kenner, of Buffalo. 
Lucy Alice Kenner was born in Buffalo, and obtained her education 
in Buffalo schools. After graduation from. Central High School, 322 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
class of 1895, she entered the University of Buffalo, and until 1897 
pursued studies in pedagogy, qualifying as a teacher. She taught 
school for several years with gratifying result, then again entered 
the University of Buffalo, but in the medical department, and there 
was graduated M.D., class of 1911. In June of her graduating year, 
Dr. Kenner began practice in Buffalo, and so continues at the present 
time (1918). She is a member of the American Medical Association, 
New York State Medical Association, Erie County Medical Society, 
Buffalo Academy of Medicine, and Buffalo Women Physicians' 
League, serving the last named body as president in 1917 and 1918. 
A LBERT LANSING FAGAN, M.D., of Herkimer, was born in 
Herkimer, New York, November 16, 1885, son of James and 
Mary (Murray) Fagan. As a boy he attended the public schools of 
his native town, going from there to Niagara University, where he 
remained during the year 1903-04. He then decided upon the prac- 
tice of medicine for his life work, and entered on his professional 
studies at the Medical College of Syracuse University. From this 
institution he was graduated in 1908, and received the degree of 
Doctor of Medicine. From 1908 to 1909 he served an interneship at 
St. Joseph's Hospital, Yonkers, New York, gaining further experience 
the following year at the New York Infants' Asylum. Since 1910 
he has been engaged in the practice of his profession at Herkimer, 
where he has held the position of Health Officer of the town. During 
1917 Dr. Fagan took a course in Public Health at Syracuse Univer- 
sity. Dr. Fagan is a member of the Medical Society of the County 
of Herkimer, the Medical Society of the State of New York, the 
American Medical Association, the State Sanitary Officers' Associ- 
ation, the Alumni of St. Joseph's Hospital, Yonkers, and he is an 
alumnus of Niagara University, and is a Knight of Columbus. He 
is, outside of his professional interests, a member of the Down and 
Out Club, which has attained a certain fame because of its unique 
name, purposes and membership. 
Dr. Fagan married, in New York City, October 17, 1912, Hen- 
rietta Virginia, daughter of Malcolm and Martha (Bissett) Macneil. 
They have two children: Clara Virginia, born in 1916, and Malcolm 
Macneil, born in 1918. He and his family are members of the Roman 
Catholic church. 
IRVING WHITE POTTER, M.D., of Buffalo, was born there, No- 
1 vember 12, 1868, the son of Milton Grosvenor Potter and Clara F. 
(Chase) Potter. His father was a practising physician and Pro- 
fessor of Anatomy in the University of Buffalo. His grandfather, Mil- 
ton E. Potter, was also an eminently successful physician, of Wyom- 
ing county. Irving White Potter, M.D., was educated in the public 
schools of Buffalo and later entered the medical department of the 
University of Buffalo, from which he received the degree of Doctor 
of Medicine in 1891. He immediately began to establish his own 
practice in Buffalo, in which he has been actively engaged ever since. 
He is a member of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine; former presi- BIOGRAPHICAL 
323 
dent of the Erie County Medical Society; a member of the American 
Association of obstetricians and gynecologists, and one of the instruc- 
tors in obstetrics in the medical department of the University of 
Buffalo; and also a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons. 
Dr. Potter married, October 25, 1893, Grace E. McDowell of 
Buffalo. They have one son, Milton Grosvenor Potter, born in 1895, 
who is now with the American Army in France; and a daughter, 
Virginia McDowell Potter. 
JEORGE LEVI BROWN, M.D., of Buffalo, was born in East 
Granville, Hampden county, Massachusetts, May 24, 1848. He 
was prepared for college in his native town, entered the medical de- 
partment of Harvard University and was graduated in 1870 with the 
degree of M.D. He immediately began practice at Holyoke, Massa- 
chusetts, and later removed to Barre, Massachusetts, where he re- 
mained until 1876, when he took up his residence in Buffalo, in which 
city he has since remained. He is a member of several medical so- 
cieties, including the Erie County, New York State and the Buffalo 
Academy of Medicine. He is a thirty-third degree Mason, past im- 
perial potentate of the Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic 
Shrine of North America. 
QTTO SEXSMITH McKEE, Ph.B., M.D.-Although born in the 
Province of Ontario, Dr. McKee, Ph.B., spent his youth in New 
York State, here acquiring both his high school and professional 
education. He mastered courses in both pharmacy and medicine, but 
elected the latter as his life work, and in Buffalo has spent the ten 
years which have passed since acquiring his medical degree. He has 
taken leading rank among the young men of his profession, and has 
laid a good foundation upon which to erect a professional career. 
He is a son of Henry and Elizabeth McKee, his father now retired. 
Dr. Otto S. McKee was born in Cookstown, a post village of Peel 
county, Ontario, Canada, sixteen miles from Toronto, February 18, 
1883. He was educated in the grade and high schools of Lockport, 
Niagara county, New York, completing the high school course with 
graduation, class of 1901. The three years following were spent at 
the Buffalo College of Pharmacy, whence he was graduated an honor 
man, Ph.B., class of 1904. Later he took the medical course at the 
University of Buffalo, and in 1908, was awarded his degree of Doctor 
of Medicine. He began practice in Buffalo the same year, and has 
since practised continuously with a full measure of success. He is 
a member of the Erie County Medical Society, the Buffalo Academy 
of Medicine, the Masonic order, the Independent Order of Odd Fel- 
lows, and the Modem Woodmen. His club is the Buffalo Automobile. 
Dr. McKee married Mildred, daughter of Edward and Lena Haist. 
Their children are: Richard Haist and Elizabeth Jane McKee. 
FRANCIS C. GOLDSBOROUGH, B.S., M.D.,F.A.C.S., of 515 Frank- 
* lin street, Buffalo, New York, was born in 1877, and is a gradu- 
ate of the Johns Hopkins University, Medical Department, class 1903. 324 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
He is a fellow of the American Medical Association and of the College 
of Surgeons, and is the Professor of Obstetrics at the Medical Depart- 
ment of the University of Buffalo. 
He gained the degree of Bachelor of Science from Princeton Uni- 
versit yin 1899. He served as interne in the obstetrical department, 
Johns Hopkins Hospital in 1903-1904 and as interne and assistant 
resident gynaecologist Johns Hopkins Hospital in 1904-1905. He 
was resident obstetrician, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1905-1907, and 
became Instructor and Associate in Obstetrics Johns Hopkins Uni- 
versity, serving from 1905 to 1910. He went to Buffalo in 1910 as 
Professor of Obstetrics, University of Buffalo. 
T AMES LEO GALLAGHER, M.D.-As a successful physician prac- 
tising along general lines, Dr. Gallagher is well known in Buffalo, 
New York, and as Supreme Medical Examiner in the United States 
for the Ancient Order of Foresters he is known all over the country 
wherever that order exists. He is a son of Martin and Mary A. 
Gallagher. 
James Leo Gallagher was born in Sangerfield, Oneida county, New 
York. He attended those excellent Central New York schools, Or- 
iskany Falls High School, of Oriskany Falls, Oneida county; Water- 
ville High School, Waterville, New York; and Brookfield Academy, 
Brookfield, New York. He completed his studies at the Academy with 
graduation, class of 1895, then entered Loyola College, Baltimore, 
Maryland, going thence to the medical department of the University 
of Maryland, whence he was graduated, class of 1902. He came to 
Buffalo after his graduation, serving one year as House Physician 
in the Emergency Hospital of the Sisters of Charity. He was then 
appointed attending physician on staff of that hospital, which posi- 
tion he still holds. He is also a member of the staffs of St. Mary's 
Maternity Hospital, Ernest Wende Hospital, and the Municipal Hos- 
pital, all of Buffalo. His professional society is the Erie County 
Medical Society; his fraternity, the Knights of Columbus; his club, 
the Union. 
YVILHELM GAERTNER, M.D., of Buffalo, was born January 26, 
' ' 1860, in Wiesbaden, Germany, where he attended the public 
schools and Royal Gymnasium. He traveled in France and Belgium, 
was a student at the Royal Gymnasium in Arion, Belgium, for one 
and a half years, and later attended the Universities of Marburg in 
Hesse and of Halle, Germany, graduating from the former in the 
philosophical department with the degrees of Master of Arts and 
Doctor of Pharmacy in 1885. He was subsequently an officer of the 
reserve in the German Army and a teacher in the Royal Gymnasium 
at Wiesbaden. In the fall of 1887 he came to the United States to 
marry a Buffalonian and settled in Buffalo, New York, where he has 
since resided. For about six years he was a teacher in the Buffalo 
High School, while at the same time he became a student in the 
medical department of the University of Buffalo, from which he BIOGRAPHICAL 
325 
graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1894, and later on 
passed the examination before the Medical Board of the University 
of the State of New York. Since then he has been in active and suc- 
cessful practice in Buffalo, and is a member of the public health 
council of the state. He is a trustee of the Grosvenor Library of Buf- 
falo, and a member of Erie County Society, and the State Medical So- 
ciety, and the Society for the Prevention of Tuberculosis, the Public 
Health Association and the American Library Association. 
Dr. Gaertner married Amelia Fuchs, daughter of the late Edward 
Fuchs, of Buffalo; children, Edward Carl, born October 22, 1893, 
and William Alfred F., born in 1902. Dr. Gaertner is attendant at 
the German Hospital and physician to the Municipal Hospital. 
TAMES PLATT WHITE.-The late Professor James Platt White 
u was of Puritan lineage, his ancestry in this country extending 
back to Peregrine White, the first male child born in the Plymouth 
Colony. The grandfather of Professor White, on the paternal side, 
was an active participant in the Revolutionary War, and his father, 
David Pierson White, inheriting the patriotic spirit of his father, 
offered his services to his country during the War of 1812, in which 
he took an active part. 
James Platt White was born in Austerlitz, Columbia county, New 
York, March 14, 1811. When he was five years of age his parents 
removed to East Hamburg, Erie county, New York, at that time this 
being called an emigration to the Far West. After acquiring a good 
English and a fair classical education, he commenced the study of 
law, but shortly afterward resolved to enter the profession of medi- 
cine, securing the means to defray his college course, in addition to 
the capital received from his father, by teaching school. He at- 
tended a course of medical lectures at Fairfield, New York, and 
afterward a course at the Jefferson Medical College, receiving from 
the latter institution his degree of Doctor of Medicine. In 1832, 
prior to his graduation, Buffalo and its vicinity suffered greatly from 
a visitation of cholera, and in this emergency Mr. White was solicited 
to go there as a representative of his preceptors, the two leading phy- 
sicians of Buffalo. He acquitted himself to the satisfaction of the 
latter and of the people in the village of Black Rock, then a village 
distinct from Buffalo. When the epidemic abated he returned to his 
alma mater, and two years later received therefrom his diploma, as 
above stated. In 1835 Dr. White located in Buffalo, and there began 
the active practice of his profession, in which he speedily gained not 
only an extensive practice, but fame and success, and for more than 
forty years his practice was only limited by his power of endurance 
and his willingness to work. His physical capability for work was 
remarkable, and this, together with energy, promptness, self-con- 
fidence, added to real ability as a practitioner, secured and main- 
tained a degree of success to which but few attain. 
The establishment of the Medical School at Buffalo was very largely 
due to the exertions of Dr. White. At that time the school at Geneva, 326 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
New York, had large classes and an able faculty, and most of the 
members of this faculty were led to accept appointments in the 
Buffalo school, in view of its geographical and clinical advantages. 
Public interest was aroused sufficiently to obtain the funds needed 
for a substantial building, and the continued prosperity of the school 
is a source of pride to those who co-operated in its establishment. 
Dr. White's labors as the Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 
were continued up to the time of his death. As a teacher he was 
direct, forcible and practical, and he was the first to introduce into 
this country in connection with didactic teaching, the clinical illus- 
tration of labor, or as he termed it, "Demonstrative Midwifery." 
The innovation, however, aroused a storm of abuse from the enemies 
of the college, but in the end Dr. White's triumph was complete, 
clearly demonstrating the truth that persistence in right convictions 
will in the end overcome unworthy opposition. In recognition of 
his distinguished position as a practitioner and teacher, he was 
elected, in 1868, vice-president, and in 1870, president of the New 
York State Medical Society. At a meeting of the American Medical 
Association in 1872, he was nominated by the delegates from the 
State of New York as a candidate for the presidency, and in 1878 
he was elected one of the vice-presidents of the association. He 
was elected a corresponding, and afterwards, an honorary fellow 
of the New York Academy of Medicine. He was one of the vice- 
presidents of the Medical Congress assembled in Philadelphia in 
1876. 
Dr. White had but little leisure for literary composition, but he 
contributed from time to time articles for medical journals and has 
made noteworthy addresses. The Buffalo Medical and Surgical Jour- 
nal, the American Journal of the Medical Sciences, the Transactions 
of the American Medical Association, of the American Gynaecological 
Society, of the International Medical Congress of 1876 at Philadel- 
phia, and of the Medical Society of the State of New York, all con- 
tain valuable papers contributed by him. He was the author of the 
articles on "Pregnancy" in "Beck's Medical Jurisprudence," edited 
by the late Professor Gilman, and of the "Life of Bard," in the "Lives 
of Distinguished American Physicians and Surgeons," edited by Pro- 
fessor Gross. 
Dr. White co-operated actively in the establishment, by the late 
Bishop Timon, of the Buffalo Hospital of the Sisters of Charity, the 
Maternity and Foundling Hospitals, and of the Providence Asylum 
for the Insane. The inception and establishment of the State Lunatic 
Asylum in Buffalo were very largely, and, perhaps, chiefly due to him. 
Of this institution he was from its foundation a manager, and after- 
ward the president, serving in that capacity until shortly prior to his 
death, when he tendered his resignation. He was a zealous member of 
the Protestant Episcopal church, one of the founders of the Young 
Men's Association of the Academy of Fine Arts and of the Historical 
Society of Buffalo. 
Dr. White married, in 1836, Mary Elizabeth Penfield, the only sur- BIOGRAPHICAL 
327 
viving daughter of the late Henry F. Penfield, Esq., of the town of 
Penfield, New York. Dr. White died September 28, 1881, survived by 
his widow by only a few months, her death occurring January 23, 1882. 
This brief resume of the life and activities of Dr. White give but 
an inadequate description, but it is impossible to do justice to the sub- 
ject on account of the limited space naturally allotted to a work in 
which so many biographies appear. 
QLARENCE ARTHUR McWILLIAMS, Master of Arts, Doctor of 
Medicine, and fellow of the American College of Surgeons, a sur- 
geon who has for more than twenty years been a well-regarded mem- 
ber of the New York City medical fraternity, and who for some years 
was identified with the faculties of the College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons, Columbia University, and the New York Post-Graduate Medical 
School, was born in Brooklyn, New York, January 29, 1870, son of 
D. W. and Helen (Marquand) McWilliams. 
His primary education was obtained privately, and after some 
additional elementary instruction in the public schools of Brooklyn, 
he entered the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, where he was well- 
grounded in the general knowledge requisite for matriculation at 
Princeton University, which he entered in 1889, being ultimately suc- 
cessful in winning the principal academic degrees thereof, those of 
Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts. The former he became entitled 
to by his successful graduation with the class of 1892; the latter was 
conferred upon him in the normal course in 1895, after having sat- 
isfactorily qualified. Immediately after he had received his first 
degree in 1892, Clarence A. McWilliams left Princeton, so that he 
might take up the study of medicine forthwith at the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and during the suc- 
ceeding three years he devoted his time almost exclusively to his 
medical studies, following the lectures with understanding and dis- 
playing marked interest in the clinical demonstrations he observed. 
In 1895 he was able to graduate well with the class of that year, and 
accordingly received the Columbia University diploma conferring 
upon him the degree of Doctor of Medicine, the possession of which 
opened the profession to him. 
Directing his studies and practice to the surgical branch of medical 
science, Dr. McWilliams, immediately after graduating at Columbia, 
became resident surgeon at the Presbyterian Hospital, remaining 
there until 1897, and during the period becoming proficient and of 
much promise in surgery. He next served his term as resident obstet- 
rician at the Sloane Maternity Hospital. At the outbreak of the 
Spanish-American War he volunteered his services to the Nation, and 
was commissioned as assistant surgeon on the United States Army hos- 
pital ship "Relief." After the war, he returned to New York City, 
and to the civilian practice of his profession. He was appointed in- 
structor in surgery at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Co- 
lumbia University, and was later appointed Assistant Professor of 
operative surgery at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and 328 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Hospital. He also subsequently became assistant physician to the 
Children's Clinic of the De Milt Dispensary. His other hospital con- 
nections, during a busy professional career of many noteworthy 
achievements, have included the following: Assistant visiting surgeon 
to the Presbyterian Hospital, surgeon to Trinity Hospital and chief 
surgeon of the out-patient department of Presbyterian Hospital. At 
present he is associate surgeon to the Presbyterian Hospital and to the 
Woman's, and courtesy surgeon to the Private Pavilion of the Roose- 
velt and New York hospitals. 
Dr. McWilliams has undertaken considerable research, and has on 
many occasions placed his findings on written record for the benefit 
of the profession, many of his articles having been published in lead- 
ing medical journals. Among the more important of his writings 
are: "Memorandum on the Technique of War Wounds," N. Y. Med. 
Rec., Dee. 1, 1917; "The Treatment of Bony Defects of the Lower 
Jaw," Annals of Surg., March, 1917; Appendix Dyspepsia," Med. 
Rec., Feb. 24, 1917; "Intestinal Stasis," Amer. J ml. of the Med. 
Sciences, June, 1916; "Numerous War Injuries Requiring Grafting 
and Plastic Operations," Jour. Am. Med. Asso., April 8, 1916; "Bone 
Grafting: A Resume," Annals of Surg. Gyn. Obstet., Jan., 1916; 
"The Periosteum in Bone Transplantations," Jour. Am. Med. Asso., 
Jan. 31, 1914; "Rhinoplasty with Finger," Jour. Am. Med. Asso., 
March 8, 1913; "The Method Suggested for Bone Transplantations," 
Annals of Surg., April, 1914; etc., etc. 
He belongs to many of the National and State professional organ- 
izations, being a member of the American Medical Association, the 
Medical Society of the State of New York, the New York Gastro- 
Enterological Society, the New York County Medical Society, the 
Lenox Medical Society, the New York Surgical Society, and the 
New York Academy of Medicine. He also takes interest in the 
alumni associations of Presbyterian and Sloane Maternity hospitals, 
and is vice president of the Hospital Graduates' Club. He has the 
honor also of fellowship in the American College of Surgeons, and is 
a member of the American Surgical Association. Dr. McWilliams 
belongs to the following clubs: Century, University, Princeton of 
New York City, and Nassau, Princeton, N. J. His office address is 
No. 6 West Fiftieth Street, New York City, where he resides. He has 
never been married. 
Dr. McWilliams sailed for France, July 2, 1917, as a member of 
the Roosevelt Hospital Unit with the American Expeditionary Forces. 
Six months later he was detached from them and was sent up to the 
front as one of four surgeons in Evacuation Hospital No. 1 near 
Toul. This hospital was a school of instruction for American med- 
ical officers in War Surgery. Immediately after the breaking out 
of the Chateau Thierry offensive, he was sent up as an operator 
with his team to take care of the non-transportable wounded, i.e., head, 
chest and abdominal wounded. After six weeks at Chateau Thierry, 
he returned to Evacuation Hospital No. 1, where he remained until 
the cessation of hostilities. BIOGRAPHICAL 
329 
t^UGENE H. CARPENTER, M. D., a prominent practitioner and 
surgeon of Oneida, New York, was born October 13, 1869, the 
son of Delos A. and Mary A. Carpenter, his father being a farmer of 
the State and having mercantile interests outside of his agricultural 
work. 
As a boy he went to the Rome Free Academy, graduating in 1890, 
and from that to the Syracuse University, Medical Department, and 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, Maryland, and 
was graduated in 1894 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He 
then carried on his studies in what might be considered a post- 
graduate course under the tutelage of his uncle, the well-known Dr. 
Henry W. Carpenter, of Oneida, New York. In this work he spent 
four very fruitful years. In 1898 he established himself in his 
present location in the town with which he has since been identified. 
Dr. Carpenter makes a specialty of surgery. It was due to his in- 
strumentality that the Broad Street Hospital was established in 1907, 
beginning with an equipment of twenty-five beds, but which had 
grown to an institution of fifty beds in 1915, and at the time was 
made a Public Hospital, and has in addition to its other departments 
a training school for nurses. In this institution he is the president. 
Dr. Carpenter finds time amongst the calls of a very busy practice to 
write occasionally scientific papers for the professional bodies of his 
fraternity. He is a member of the Oneida Medical Society, the Madi- 
son County Medical Society, and also of the New York State Medical 
Society. He holds membership in the American Medical Association, 
in the Madison County Historical Society, in the Oneida Medical 
Club, and in the Oneida Forum. 
Dr. Carpenter married, June 8, 1898, at Oneida, New York, Jennie 
Witter, daughter of William E. and Louisa Witter. They have a son, 
Eugene Witter, born May 2, 1905. Dr. Carpenter and his family are 
members of the Baptist church. 
CTEPHEN SMITH, A.M. (Brown) ; M.D. (Coll. Phys. & Surg.); 
LL.D (Rochester).-Dr. Stephen Smith, whose ninety-sixth birth- 
day occurred on February 19, 1919, takes rank by seniority as dean 
of the medical profession of New York City. He is a native of Onon- 
daga county, New York, son of a farmer, Hon. Lewis Smith, and 
his wife, Chloe Benson. His forebears, paternal and maternal, were 
natives of Oxfordshire, England. Ill-health from early childhood 
determined his study of medicine on reaching adult age. 
His preparation for a professional life was limited to the public 
schools of the period. He began his studies with Prof. Frank Hamil- 
ton, of Buffalo, in 1847, attended his first course of lectures at the 
Geneva Medical College in 1848, having Elizabeth Blackwell as a 
member of the class, and graduated in 1851 from the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons, New York. He became a member of the 
resident staff of Bellevue Hospital and during his term of service pub- 
lished a paper on "Rupture of the Urinary Bladder," which was 330 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
translated into European languages and led to his election as a mem- 
ber of the Surgical Society of Paris. 
On the completion of his term of service as a member of the resi- 
dent staff he was appointed a member of the visiting staff of surgeons 
to Bellevue Hospital, a position which he held upwards of forty years. 
During his connection with Bellevue Hospital, Dr. Smith was active 
and efficient in effecting many reforms. At that time Bellevue was 
in transition from an Almshouse to an organized general hospital. 
Its attendants and nurses were selected from the "ten-day" women 
and men committed to the Work House for drunkenness. This gross 
evil was remedied by the establishment of the first Training School 
for Nurses in this country. Such a school in the service of Bellevue 
Hospital was opposed, but largely through the efforts of Dr. Smith 
was finally organized. Several years later, as State Commissioner in 
Lunacy, he introduced Training Schools for Attendants into the 
asylums for the insane in this State. These Training Schools are 
now regarded as an essential feature of the hospitals, asylums and 
great charitable institutions of the country. 
Bellevue Hospital early began to be the resort of medical students 
for clinical instruction. On his appointment to the visiting staff, 
Dr. Smith entered upon clinical teaching in the wards long familiar 
to him, with great enthusiasm, and aided in systematizing courses of 
clinical instruction in the interests of the medical student. These 
lectures became so popular that the classes in attendance often ex- 
ceeded one hundred members. Impressed with the great value of 
clinical instruction as an essential part of a well organized system of 
medical education, Dr. Smith began the agitation of incorporating 
a medical college in connection with the Hospital. The proposition 
was received with disfavor by the Medical Board, but was approved 
by the president of the Commissioners of Charities, Hon. Simeon 
Draper, through whose efforts a charter was secured from the Legis- 
lature. In 1860 the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, combining 
in its curriculum didactic and clinical teaching, began its career with 
a class of upwards of 150 students, which assured its success. Dr. 
Smith occupied the chair of Principles of Surgery, and subsequently 
that of Anatomy. 
In 1856 Dr. Smith became editor of the New York Journal, of 
Medicine, and in 1860 changed it to a weekly under the title of the 
American Medical Times. This periodical had a large circulation in 
the Civil War, but the failure of the publishing house led to its dis- 
continuance and the origin of the Medical Record. 
At the commencement of the Civil War, Dr. Smith was impressed 
with the unpreparedness of the great number of young physicians 
who would enter the service to meet the exigencies of operative sur- 
gery. The only surgical works of the time were the ponderous volumes 
of Gross, Erichsen, and Mott's Velpeau, which could not readily be 
consulted in an emergency. To meet this manifest want, Dr. Smith pre- 
pared a small illustrated pocket edition of a "Hand-Book of Opera- 
tive Surgery. ' ' The text was written in plain but emphatic language, BIOGRAPHICAL 
331 
and only the most approved method of procedure was fully described. 
The illustrations were designed to represent every detail of the opera- 
tion, but in such form that at a glance the operator could perfectly 
understand the relations of tissues involved. The object was to fur- 
nish the surgeon with an ever-present guide which he could consult 
quietly and alone a moment before the operation. The work proved 
to be very popular and upwards of twenty editions were sold. Dr. 
Smith prepared subsequently an edition enlarged for civil practice 
which had a wide circulation. In the Civil War Dr. Smith was com- 
missioned one of an Emergency Corps of Surgeons of New York City, 
and served in the military hospitals at Norfolk, Fredericksburg and 
New York. 
During his active practice and teaching of surgery, Dr. Smith was 
among the pioneers. He performed the second Syme's amputation of 
the foot at the ankle joint in this country. He was the first to intro- 
duce Lister's aseptic treatment of wounds in Bellevue Hospital, and 
Lister, on visiting the patients under treatment, during his visit to 
this country, commended the treatment highly, and in his autobi- 
ography gives Dr. Smith the credit of being the first to employ scien- 
tific asepsis in this country. Dr. Smith performed the thirty-second 
ligation of the common iliac artery in the presence of Dr. Valentine 
Mott, who performed the first; this was regarded as one of the most 
important of the capital operations of that time. 
During the Civil War a military hospital was established in Cen- 
tral Park, devoted to soldiers who were having artificial limbs ap- 
plied. As one of its visiting surgeons, Dr. Smith became interested 
in the results of the application of artificial legs after amputations 
at the knee-joint. The amputation then performed consisted of two 
equal flaps which when united formed a cicatrix in the centre of the 
stump. The pressure of the artificial limb on this sensitive cicatrix 
was painful, and was followed by sores which crippled the patient. 
Dr. Smith remedied this defect by making a very long anterior and 
short posterior flap which when united made a cicatrix on the pos- 
terior part much above the pressure of the artificial limb. The re- 
sult was most satisfactory; patients bore their weight on the arti- 
ficial limb without pain and sores did not form. The operation is 
recognized in the text-books. It was introduced to British practice by 
Sir Thomas Bryant, one of London's most distinguished surgeons. 
Early in his career Dr. Smith became interested in public affairs by 
personal professional experiences. This country is indebted to him 
for its high grade public health system of administration. During 
a severe epidemic of typhus fever he had occasion, as physician to a 
Fever Hospital on Blackwell's Island, to close a tenement house which 
was a "fever nest" of the worst type. On inquiry of the police for 
assistance, it was discovered that there was no law or authority that 
could compel the owner to close or clean the house. These facts were 
reported to the Citizens' Association, a powerful organization of 
prominent citizens with Peter Cooper as president. That body at 
once ordered a sanitary inspection of the city under the direction of 332 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Dr. Smith, as the basis of its efforts to secure legislation. That sani- 
tary survey made by thirty medical inspectors was such a revelation 
of unsanitary conditions that a strong public opinion was created in 
favor of the most stringent health laws. Dr. Smith was requested 
to prepare the draft of a Public Health Bill which was passed by 
the Legislature of 1866 as the Metropolitan Health Law, the pro- 
visions of which are more drastic than any preceding health law on 
record. It provided that when the Board of Health officially de- 
clared any matter or thing was a nuisance, dangerous to life and 
detrimental to health, no court or other authority should restrain it 
from enforcing its order of abatement. This power is said to be an 
anomaly in law, but it was sustained by the Court of Appeals and 
has proved of great advantage in the prompt action of the health 
authorities in the protection of the public health. The Metropolitan 
Health Law of New York became the basis of civic sanitation in this 
country, and placed public health administration on a secure founda- 
tion. It reduced the mortality rate of New York City from 38 per 
1,000 to 15 per 1,000, a saving of 23 lives annually in 1,000 popula- 
tion, or 23,000 in 1,000,000 population. Before the passage of that 
law in 1866, New York took rank with the most unhealthy cities 
of the world, but to-day its claim to the first position in public health 
and longevity is generally admitted. 
Dr. Smith was for seven years a Commissioner of Health. During 
the period that he held the position he made important studies relat- 
ing to the public health which led to useful reforms. An epidemic 
of small-pox was in full progress when he entered the Board of 
Health, the number of cases reported daily being upwards of 300. On 
reviewing the history of that disease in this city, it appeared that for 
fifty years an epidemic of small-pox occurred on an average every 
five years. This was explained as follows: During the epidemic 
year there was general vaccination, especially of infants and children. 
In the second year there were no cases of small-pox and little or no 
vaccination; in the third year there were a few cases of small-pox, 
and in the fourth year this number had increased, but not sufficiently 
to increase public alarm and thus increase vaccination materially. 
With the fifth year the number of unvaccinated had enormously in- 
creased, and the conditions for an old-style epidemic of small-pox 
were favorable. To remedy this defect in the health laws, Dr. Smith 
secured the passage of a law creating a corps of vaccinators empow- 
ered to secure and maintain the vaccination of every new-born child 
in their respective districts. Though vaccination was not made com- 
pulsory, except with school children, the vigilance of the vaccinators 
has been so effectual that there has been no epidemic of small-pox 
in New York in half a century. 
The cause of the excessive death-rate of children during the sum- 
mer months was found to be directly due to heat. On comparing 
the daily temperature and mortality records, it was found that a 
rise and fall of the former is regularly followed by a rise and fall 
of the latter, with an interval of three days. The question arose, how BIOGRAPHICAL 
333 
can the temperature of cities be equalized so as to maintain a stand- 
ard adapted to the comfort and health of its inhabitants? The an- 
swer was, by the cultivation of a sufficient number of trees. The tree 
has a fixed temperature of about 68 F., which is the temperature 
best adapted to human health. In the hottest day of summer and 
the coldest day of winter the temperature of the living tree remains 
fixed at 68 F. The scientific cultivation of trees in cities is, there- 
fore, a great sanitary measure, which Dr. Smith has vigorously ad- 
vocated by publications and in New York by the Tree Planting Asso- 
ciation, of which he is honorary president. 
Dr. Smith drafted a bill abolishing the office of coroner, and placing 
that public function in the Health Department, where it properly be- 
longs. It was defeated by the coroners, but led to useful reforms. 
In order to combine the activities of existing health authorities of 
the country, he secured the organization of the American Public 
Health Association in 1871, which has become a most efficient agency 
in promoting wise sanitary legislation and public health administra- 
tion. Its field of operations was at first limited to the United States, 
but it now includes Canada, Mexico, Cuba and Porto Rico. The 
necessity of a complete system of civic and rural sanitation for the 
entire country led Dr. Smith to advocate and promote the creation 
of municipal, State and National Boards of Health, each limited in 
its operations to its special field, but in the emergency of spreading 
epidemics capable of combining their resources in prevention. With 
this object in view he drafted a National Board of Health Bill which 
was introduced into the United States Senate by Senator Lamar. It 
served its purpose of exciting a public interest in a central National 
Health authority preceding the outbreak of the great yellow fever 
epidemic of 1778-79. The widespread devastation of that epidemic 
resulted in the enactment by Congress of the law creating a National 
Board of Health. Dr. Smith became a member of that board by 
appointment of President Hayes. In furtherance of his plan of a 
system of coordinate municipal, State and national public health ad- 
ministration, he drafted a State Board of Health bill in 1880, and 
secured its enactment by the New York Legislature by his unaided 
efforts. 
In 1881 Governor Cornell appointed Dr. Smith a member of the 
State Board of Charities, and in the following year the governor 
appointed him State Commissioner in Lunacy. He held the latter 
position six years, and effected several most important reforms in the 
care and treatment of the insane in custody. They were confined 
in alms-houses, county asylums, State asylums and private institu- 
tions. In the alms-houses they were found in every conceivable con- 
dition of wretchedness. In some counties they were found living 
with and like animals, in out buildings, and subjected to every kind 
of restraint and physical suffering ever practised. The State asylums 
represented the opposite extreme; the buildings were palatial in de- 
sign and expense, and the management was directed to custody and 
comfort rather than to recovery of the inmates. Two reforms im- 334 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
pressed the Commissioner as essential and pressing, viz: First, the re- 
moval of all insane from the alms-houses to the State asylums; second, 
the creation of a Commission in Lunacy, having jurisdiction over all 
insane in custody. The first reform would forever close the "poor 
houses" to the insane, and the second would insure a permanently 
high grade of treatment in the State institutions. Both measures met 
with great opposition, but, after a continuous campaign of six years, 
bills effecting these reforms were passed by the Legislature. The re- 
sult has been to place lunacy administration in the State of New 
York in the highest grade of efficiency. 
On his retirement from the office of Commissioner of Lunacy, Gover- 
nor Flower appointed Dr. Smith again as a member of the State 
Board of Charities, a position which he held by successive reappoint- 
ments until 1818, a total service in that Board of thirty-five years. 
In 1894 President Cleveland appointed Dr. Smith one of the three 
delegates to represent the United States in the Ninth International 
Sanitary Conference held in Paris. The special business of that 
conference was to prepare a code of sanitary rules governing the 
itinerary of the pilgrims to Mecca, both from India and Europe. It 
was believed that cholera was brought from the Ganges to Mecca, 
where it was communicated to the pilgrims from Europe. The Con- 
ference was in session three months and reported a complete code of 
rules governing the progress of the pilgrims to and from Mecca. 
Cholera has appeared in Europe but once since the enforcement of 
those rules, and then to a limited extent. It was found that one 
nation had failed to enforce the rules. 
Dr. Smith has been a large contributor to medical literature. It 
was his communications to the New York Journal of Medicine while 
one of the resident staff of Bellevue Hospital that made him editor 
of that journal. His weekly editorials in the American Medical Times 
(1860-64) during the period of the Civil War, were published in a 
duodecimo volume, entitled "Doctor in Medicine." For thirty years 
he was the New York correspondent of the London Lancet, writing 
monthly. Recently he has published a volume on public health ad- 
ministration in a volume entitled "The City That Was." In a volume 
with the title "Who is Insane?" he has given his work among the 
insane. His latest work is "A History of Surgery" for Wood & Co.; 
"Reference Hand Book." 
Dr. Smith lives in pleasant retirement, spending the summer at his 
native place in the lake region of Central New York and his winters 
in New York City. He frequently gives public lectures, and in a 
publication of the most recent we have an appreciation of Dr. Smith 
and his work by one of competent authority. The occasion was the 
opening of the session of the College of Medicine of the Syracuse 
University, October 6th, 1918. The dean of the college, Dr. John 
L. Heffron, presided, and in introducing Dr. Smith, said: 
"Dr. Stephen Smith of New York has accomplished more for the advancement 
of sociological medicine than any other physician whose name adorns the pages 
of the medical history of our State. A review of his career is a record of BIOGRAPHICAL 
335 
achievements so unusual in extent, so varied in fields of activity and of such 
permanent value to the commonwealth as to make his name remembered through- 
out time. No one can read it without wondering how a man actively engaged 
in an exacting profession could have accomplished so much. 
"Impulse to serve others, and the clear judgment of the relative importance 
of the needs of the people with whom he lived, served him throughout his long 
career as the leader in social reforms. First the health problems of his own 
City, then of the State, then of the Nation, and finally the international im- 
portance of improved health conditions engaged his attention and in the reform- 
ing of health measures he was not only the leader, but was the one man com- 
petent to carry them through to completion. It was the same story when he 
devoted himself to the study of the problems of the relation of society to feeble- 
mindedness, to insanity and to crime. 
"But this success in persuading others of the reasonableness and of the neces- 
sity of solving problems world old and long neglected needed other qualities. A 
man by nature devoted to the welfare of others must have love in his heart and 
a sense of personal responsibility that of necessity make him tender and lovable. 
These same qualities are the very foundation for the development of charm of 
manner which has always characterized Dr. Smith. 
"Personally, Dr. Smith is a valiant, upstanding character, straight, erect, and 
self-disciplined as an army officer, keen and quick of perception, yet with the 
genial humorous 'twinkle'. No one could clasp his hand and look into his face 
without feeling impressed with his astonishing vitality and virility." 
'T'HOMAS HAYES CURTIN, son of David Curtin and Elizabeth 
1 Hayes, forty-one years old, was born in Bagnalstown, County 
Carlow, Ireland. His father was a retired naval officer and later was 
superintendent of large flour mills located in Bagnalstown. He had a 
large family, and looking into the future decided to immigrate to the 
United States, having previously spent several years in the Southern 
States installing cotton gin presses. He gave up his occupation, sold 
his property and brought his entire family to the new country, arriv- 
ing here when Thomas Hayes was five years old. 
Dr. Curtin was educated in the public schools of New York City, 
graduating from the old Public School No. 49 in East 37th Street, 
and from there went to the College of the City of New York, entering 
the sophomore year. On the death of his father, he felt it incumbent 
upon him to enter business and became associated with the firm of 
J. D. Crimmins, then the leading contractors of New York City. He 
worked in their office during the day and continued his studies in 
the New York evening schools and later matriculated and graduated 
from the Bellevue Medical College in 1897. 
He was then appointed to the staff at St. Vincent's Hospital where 
he spent two years as house surgeon, working under the tutelage of 
the most eminent surgeons of the day. He entered private practice 
of medicine in 1899. That same year he was appointed from the 
civil service Coroner's Physician of the Bronx, being then only 23 
years of age, the youngest Coroner's Physician ever appointed. He 
has held this position under various administrations, going over to 
the new Medical Examiner's Bureau on January 1st, 1918, and re- 
signing a few weeks ago to enter the army service of the United 
States. 
Dr. Curtin has written many papers and essays on the medico- 336 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
legal aspects of medicine, particularly "Medico-legal Aspect of Pistol 
Shot Wounds" and the "Medical Aspect of the Slocum Disaster." 
He has been connected with the Mothers' and Babies' Hospital, with 
the out-patient department of Bellevue Hospital and for a number 
of years held the chair of Professor of Gross Pathology at Fordham 
University Medical School. For the past ten years he has given par- 
ticular attention to diseases of the eye and has been connected with 
the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital where he is now Assist- 
ant Surgeon. For five years he held the post of Adjunct Professor 
of Ophthalmology in the New York Polyclinic Medical School and 
Hospital. He extended his studies to the University of Vienna in 
1911, after which he made an extended tour of Europe. 
He is now Surgeon of The Bronx Eye and Ear Infirmary, Consult- 
ing Ophthalmologist at St. Lawrence Hospital and St. Joseph's In- 
stitute, and at the Catholic Institute for the Blind. He is very active 
in all the social and public activities of the city, being a member of 
the Elks Lodge No. 871, formerly director and vice-president of the 
Schnorrer Club of the Bronx, first vice-president of the Rotary Club 
of the Bronx, a member of the American Medical Association, fellow 
of the Academy of Medicine, and former president of the Celtic 
Medical Society of New York. He is a member of the Bronx County 
Medical Society, and also of the Bronx Medical Association. He is a 
member of the Alumni Association of St. Vincent's Hospital, Phi 
Alpha Sigma Fraternity, and is a member of the Bronx County 
Yacht Club. 
Dr. Curtin was married in 1902 and has one son, Thomas Hayes, 
Jr., who is now a student at the St. John's School at Fordham. 
D OBERT COLEMAN KEMP, A.B., M.D., eminent specialist in 
1 v Gastro-Enterology, and Professor of Gastro-Enterology at Ford- 
ham University Medical College, and consulting Gastro-Enterologist at 
the Manhattan State Hospital and other institutions, occupies a fore- 
most place among New York medical men. 
Robert C. Kemp was born in New York City, April 26, 1865, a 
son of John H. and Emeline A. (Coleman) Kemp, his father having 
been senior member of the firm of Kemp, Day & Company, of No. 
116 Wall street, New York. Dr. Kemp comes of ancient and honor- 
able Colonial stock in this country, his ancestors for many genera- 
tions having taken a prominent part in the early Colonial history of 
New England. The Kemp family is of English origin, the progenitors 
having come from England and settled in Salem, Massachusetts. The 
grandfather of Dr. Kemp took part in the War of 1812, while John 
H. Kemp, father of Dr. Kemp, participated in the Civil War, on the 
Northern side. On the maternal side Dr. Kemp is connected with 
the Angevin family of New Rochelle, the American progenitor of 
which was one of the freeholders of that town in the reign of Queen 
Anne, and another of his maternal ancestors was Peregrine White, 
who was the first white child born in New England. His grandmother 
was a Bunker of Nantucket, Massachusetts. BIOGRAPHICAL 
337 
Robert C. Kemp received his classical education in his native city 
under private tutors, and in 1881 entered Columbia University, where 
he graduated in the class of 1885 with the degree of Bachelor of 
Arts. He then engaged in the study of medicine at the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons of New York, from which institution he 
graduated with the class of 1889 with the degree of M.D. Immedi- 
ately after receiving his medical degree he became an interne at the 
Roosevelt Hospital, where he remained for two years, during that 
time being attached to the surgical department of the institution. In 
July, 1891, Dr. Kemp engaged in the private practice of his profes- 
sion, also acquiring many hospital appointments. He was attending 
surgeon to the Episcopal Church Hospital Infirmary and Dispensary, 
served as clinical assistant in the surgical division of the medical 
school and hospital of the New York Polyclinic, and was subsequently 
appointed instructor in Surgery to that institution. He became at- 
tending physician on the medical staff of the Red Cross Hospital, 
and is Associate Professor of Internal Medicine at the New York 
School of Clinical Medicine, attending physician, department of Gas- 
tro-Intestinal Diseases, St. Bartholomew's Clinic. In 1906 he was 
junior visiting physician to Roosevelt Hospital, and is at present con- 
sulting gastro-enterologist to the Manhattan State Hospital, where he 
has been professionally connected for about fourteen years, and is 
visiting gastro-enterologist to the Fordham University Clinic. 
Dr. Kemp has contributed much to medical literature that has 
been of importance and value to the profession, especially on the 
subject of Gastro-Enterology. Among his more notable works be- 
ing: " Enteroclysis, Hypodermoclysis and Infusion" (a manual for 
physicians and students with an introduction by William H. Thom- 
son, M.D., LL.D., which work Dr. Kemp published in 1900) ; "Treat- 
ment of Scarletina Nephritis" (published in Pediatrics, Vol. 10, 
1900) ; "Further Experimental Researches on the Effects of Different 
Anaesthetics on the Kidneys" (Med. Rec.), 1899; "Indications of 
Double Current Rectal Irrigation" (Med. Jnl.), 1897; "Experimental 
Researches with Entroclysis, Hypodermoclysis, etc.;" "Effects Pro- 
duced on Intestinal Absorption, Renal Secretion, et cetera" (Med. 
Jnl.), 1898; "Experimental Researches on the Effects of Different 
Anaesthetics on the Kidneys" (in association with Dr. William H. 
Thomson, published in the N. Y. Med. Rec.), 1898; "A Case of Sep- 
tic Endocarditis and Experimental Researches with Antistreptococcus 
Serum" (written in conjunction with Dr. Thomson, and read before 
the Association of American Physicians in 1898) ; " Hypodermoslysis, 
Experiments, Technique and Clinical Uses" (Med. Jnl.). Among the 
later writings of Dr. Kemp are: "Atonia Gastrica" (by Drs. A. Rose 
and Kemp, manual published in 1906, by Funk & Wagnails) ; "An 
Improved Flexible Esophageal Bougie" (Med. Rec.), Feb. 12, 1916; 
"Post Anesthetic Acedosis with Renal Hemorrhage, etc." (Am. Med.), 
June, 1916; also a comprehensive voluminous work entitled "Diseases 
of the Stomach, Intestines and Pancreas" (published by W. B. Saun- 
ders Company and adopted by the United States Government, now in 338 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
3rd edition, 1917). The latter medical work by Dr. Kemp is highly 
regarded by the profession. It contains over 1,000 pages with 438 
illustrations. 
Dr. Kemp is a member of the following organizations: The Ameri- 
can Medical Association, American Urological Society, American 
Therapeutic Association, New York Gastro-Enterological Society, 
State Medical Society, New York Academy of Medicine, Physicians' 
Mutual Aid Association, New York County Medical Society, Alumni 
Society of Roosevelt Hospital, and the Delta Kappa Epsilon and Phi 
Beta Kappa fraternities. 
On November 28, 1891, Dr. Kemp was married to Isabel Shields, of 
New York City. 
ID OBERT HURTIN HALSEY, successful physician of New York 
City, was born at Astoria, Long Island, June 15, 1873, son of 
John J. and Harriet Elizabeth (Bolles) Halsey. The primary educa- 
tion of Robert Hurtin Halsey was commenced in a private school at 
Astoria, Long Island, from which school the boy some years later 
advanced to the grammar school connected with Columbia University, 
New York City. At this grammar school he was prepared for entrance 
to college, and in 1891 he took the graduation examinations credit- 
ably, thereby qualifying for admittance to Columbia University. At 
the University he continued his general academic studies, and in 
1896 became the possessor of the institution's degree of Bachelor of 
Arts. He then decided to embark upon the medical course, and ac- 
cordingly entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia 
University, from which he graduated in 1900 with the degree of 
Doctor of Medicine. Simultaneously, he was also awarded the Univer- 
sity's Master of Arts degree, in continuation of the Bachelor of Arts 
diploma won by him in 1896. 
For two years, after having qualified to practice the profession of 
medicine, Dr. Halsey was interne at the New York Post-Graduate 
Hospital. Since 1902, however, Dr. Halsey has been in private prac- 
tice which, with the years of efficient treatment and unerring diag- 
nosis, has grown to be substantial and of good class, but he has also 
undertaken considerable independent research in internal medicine, 
of which phase of medical science he is now an authority and 
specialist. 
Dr. Halsey is a member of the faculty of the New York Post-Gradu- 
ate Hospital Medical School, and is on the staff of attending phy- 
sicians at the hospital of the same institution; he is also visiting phy- 
sician to Columbus Hospital, New York City; also holds member- 
ship in the American Medical Association, the Medical Society of 
New York State, the Medical Society of the County of New York, 
the New York Academy of Medicine, the Northwestern Medical and 
Surgical Society of New York, and the American Association of Ad- 
vanced Science. He does not hold any political office, State or Na- 
tional, but his interest in National affairs is. exhibited by his asso- 
ciation with United States military matters. He belongs to the Medi- BIOGRAPHICAL 
339 
cal Reserve Corps, United States Army, ranking as first lieutenant. 
As an author, Dr. Halsey has made appreciable contributions to the 
medical literature and journals of this century. 
In 1909 Dr. Halsey married Edith, daughter of Edward Bates, 
of Vermont. They have two children: Elizabeth and Bates. 
E) OBERT HALL McCONNELL, who for the last twenty years has 
been in successful general practice in New York City, was born 
in New York City, December 25, 1873, son of Edward and Catherine 
(Hall) McConnell. Commencing his education in the public schools 
of New York City, Robert Hall McConnell, after suitable prepara- 
tion, became a student at the University of New York, wherein he 
graduated. His father, Edward McConnell, was an English gentle- 
man of aristocratic connection, and does not appear to have entered 
actively into either business or professional life. He was the son of 
an officer of the British Royal Horse Guards, a regiment recruited 
only from the sons of gentlemen, and officered almost exclusively by 
scions of aristocratic houses, the regiment in reality being the house- 
hold guard of the king, and consequently almost always stationed at 
the royal palaces of the British reigning house. It was at the royal 
castle of Windsor that Edward McConnell was born and reared, and 
the environment seems to have greatly influenced his life as, after 
attaining his majority, Edward McConnell appears to have been averse 
to participating in commercial or professional affairs, but spent con- 
siderable time in travel, and had made a complete tour of the world 
before he eventually settled in the United States. However, his son, 
Edward Hall McConnell, bom in this country in the very hub of its 
ceaseless activity, had become imbued with the spirit of the country, 
and having completed his academic education he decided to enter 
strenuously into professional life. With that intention, he took up 
the study of medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
Columbia University, and by diligence and steady application gradu- 
ated in 1895, thereby becoming the possessor of the University's de- 
gree of Doctor of Medicine. 
Thereafter, with the exception of an interneship of eighteen months 
in the Lebanon Hospital, Dr. McConnell has since been in the enjoy- 
ment of an ever-increasing general practice, in the treatment of which 
he has gained appreciable repute, both within and without the pro- 
fession. His practice has demanded practically his whole time, and 
in consequence has not been able to accept additional appointments 
to hospital staffs, but he has pursued very strenuously at every avail- 
able moment the study of diseases of children, and his research in 
this important phase of medicine, coupled with the store of valu- 
able knowledge gained in the course of his extensive family practice, 
has brought him substantial recognition in the profession as an au- 
thority on this subject, he having been for many years clinical assist- 
ant to the department of the diseases of children in the Vanderbilt 
clinics. 
Dr. McConnell's contributions to medical journals and literature 340 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
have been many, the subject to which he has given so much special 
study naturally receiving extensive reference in his writings. Dr. 
McConnell belongs to the Medical Society of Greater New York; he 
holds membership in the Academy of Medicine; and takes active part 
in the proceedings of the Society of the Alumni of Lebanon Hos- 
pital, but apart from these affiliations his large practice occupies his 
moments fully. 
Dr. McConnell married, at New York City, Grace, daughter of 
Edward H. Cunningham, of New York City. Mrs. McConnell, a 
lady of much energy as well as refinement, interests herself very 
actively in church work, and is prominent in the activities of many 
benevolent and charitable organizations. 
JT'DWARD QUINT ARD, eminent specialist in internal medicine of 
New York, is vice-president, medical director and professor of the 
New York Post-Graduate Medical School. Whether as physician, edu- 
cator, author, or important factor in the affairs of leading medical 
institutions, Dr. Quintard is characterized by abilities of a high order. 
As vice-president and medical director of the New York Post-Gradu- 
ate Medical School and Hospital, his activities therewith cover the 
most noteworthy period of development and growth in the history of 
the institution and to that development Dr. Quintard has contributed 
in full measure. 
Dr. Quintard was born January 21, 1867, at Stamford, Connecticut, 
a son of Edward Augustus and Mary (Skiddy) Quintard, the latter 
closely related to President Zachery Taylor. 
The Quintard family, of French Huguenot origin, is an ancient 
and honorable one in this country, being traceable for two hundred 
and fifty years in New York and New England. Isaac Quintard, 
grandfather of Dr. Quintard, was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, 
and was a son of Isaac Quintard, a wealthy and highly-respected 
citizen of Stamford, Connecticut. Edward Augustus Quintard, father 
of Dr. Quintard, was one of three distinguished brothers of whom 
George William, the eldest, was for many years a famous figure in 
the financial and business life of New York City, and Charles Todd 
Quintard, late eminent prelate of the Protestant Episcopal church and 
Bishop of Tennessee. Edward Augustus Quintard was a well-known 
figure in business and financial circles in New York City, as presi- 
dent of the Citizens' Savings Bank, and a director in various other 
banks and business enterprises. A man of education and culture and 
of charming personality, Mr. Quintard was much beloved in social 
relations. He was former president of the St. Nicholas Family Club, 
and of the many notable men whom the club was justly proud to own 
there were none probably for whom it conceived and held such a deep 
and enduring affection. Mr. Quintard was a strong man, masterful 
in all business and financial relations. 
Edward Quintard received his early educational training in Stam- 
ford, but owing to the fact that his father found it necessary, for 
business reasons, to spend considerable time in England, France and BIOGRAPHICAL 
341 
Germany with his family, most of the young man's earlier education 
was acquired under private tutors who traveled with the family. He 
was thus prepared to enter college, and in 1887 graduated from the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University with the 
degree of M.D. While yet an undergraduate he acted as clinical 
assistant, first to Dr. H. B. Sands and afterwards to Dr. James W. 
McLane; he was also chief prosector under Dr. Thomas S. Sabine. 
After graduation Dr. Quintard served an interneship in St. Luke's 
Hospital, resigning therefrom to enter the Nursery and Children's 
Hospital. He subsequently pursued post-graduate work at several 
of the leading medical centers of Europe, including Berlin, Munich, 
Vienna, and Paris, at the same time pursuing special research in 
Internal Medicine, enjoying special advantages of study under Dr. 
Brown-Sequard, who was a relative. Returning to New York from 
Europe he entered upon the general practice of his profession, though 
continuing to act in official capacities at the New York hospitals as 
follows: chief physician of St. Mary's Hospital for Children, out- 
patient department for many years, then became Assistant Pro- 
fessor in the department of the digestive system, New York Post- 
Graduate Medical School and Hospital, and for twenty years has 
been medical director of that institution. 
Dr. Quintard is prominent in the affairs of many medical societies 
and alumni associations. He is a fellow of the New York Academy 
of Medicine, and an honorary member of the Omega Society of the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons; a member of the American Medi- 
cal Association, the Gastro-Enterological Association and the Alumni 
Associations of St. Luke's and Columbia Hospitals and the American 
Institute of Social Science. He takes an active interest in the St. 
Nicholas Club, the St. Nicholas Society, the Colonial Order and the 
New York Zoological Society. He is also a member of the Author's, 
Union, New York Athletic, Columbia University (New York) clubs 
and the Army and Navy clubs at Washington, and the Musketeers. 
Litterateur of note, and indefatigable in promoting the Society for 
Literary Knowledge, which was established mainly at his instiga- 
tion, Dr. Quintard has few idle moments. He is a prolific contributor 
to the literature of his profession, and is the author of many papers 
and monographs, some that have appeared in leading medical jour- 
nals and others that have been read before medical bodies on subjects 
largely dealing with internal medicine and diseases of the digestive 
system, that branch of medical science in which he is a specialist. 
For recreation Dr. Quintard turns to literature, in which he is not 
only a recognized authority, but a writer himself of genius and ability, 
some of his productions in the field of general authorship being as 
follows: "Sea Babies and Other Babies;" "Extra Muros and Other 
Essays;" "From a Window;" "Vernal Tides and Ala St. Terre," 
etc., etc. 
June 5, 1894, Dr. Quintard was married, in New York City, to 
Estelle F. Hayden, a daughter of William B. Hayden, and grand- 
daughter of Peter Hayden, of New York. 342 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
^HARLES CLIFFORD BARROWS, able surgeon of New York 
City, specialist and of noteworthy success in gynaecology and ob- 
stetrics, fellow of the American College of Surgeons, and for many 
years identified with the faculty of Cornell University as Clinical 
Professor of Gynaecology thereat, was born in Jackson, Mississippi, 
June 3, 1857, the son of David Nye and Caroline Elizabeth (Moseley) 
Barrows. He comes of distinguished ancestry, being in direct lineal 
descent from Thomas Barrows, who was Master of the Rolls, in Eng- 
land, in 1483. Another of his English forbears was Henry Barrows, 
known in history as "Henry the Martyr" (1592) ; another was Rich- 
ard Barrows, whose bronze tablet is in the church at Winthrop, Eng- 
land (1605). The American progenitor was John Barrows (or Bar- 
rowe) who, with his wife Ann and other Puritans, sailed from Yar- 
mouth, England, in the good ship "Mary Ann," and eventually 
reached the American shore in 1637, settling in Salem, Massachusetts, 
and founding the American branch of the Barrows family, which 
has since on many occasions rendered distinguished service to the 
nation. 
Dr. Barrows was afforded a good education, and had become well- 
grounded in the classics and general learning before entering the 
University of Virginia, where he took the course of arts and letters, 
ultimately graduating therein, and then enrolling himself in the 
medical college of the same institution of learning. As a medical 
student he studied conscientiously and with marked aptitude, and in 
1879 successfully graduated, so gaining the degree of Doctor of 
Medicine, and the right to enter practice at his pleasure. He, how- 
ever, elected to undertake further medical study at the University 
Medical College, University of New York, applying himself thereat 
assiduously to special studies, and so being able to earn from the Uni- 
versity, in 1880, its Doctor of Medicine degree, following the receipt 
of which he entered the Bellevue Hospital for an interneship which 
lasted eighteen months, and during which he gained considerable prac- 
tical knowledge of surgery, particularly of gynaecological and obstet- 
rical branches, in which he intended to specialize. After leaving 
Bellevue Hospital Dr. Barrows for some years became a Federal 
servant, joining the United States army, as assistant surgeon, an ap- 
pointment which carried with it the military rank of first lieutenant. 
He saw considerable active service, being for five years with the forces 
in the West, in the campaigns General Crook directed against the 
revolting Apache Indians, and Dr. Barrows was with the detachment 
that captured the famous Apache chief, Geronimo. Surgeon Barrows, 
who was medical officer on the staff of General Crook, was subse- 
quently sent East, and had charge of five hundred Indians, prisoners 
of war, a part of Geronimo's warriors, at Fort Marion, St. Augustine, 
Florida, Geronimo having been sent to Fort Pickins. In 1887 he re- 
signed his military appointments, and soon made his way to New York 
City, where he commenced the practice of his profession in civilian 
circles by associating himself with Dr. William M. Polk, son of the 
famous bishop and general, Leonidas Polk. BIOGRAPHICAL 
343 
Some little while afterwards Dr. Barrows opened an office for him- 
self, and soon grew into the firm confidence of the medical fraternity, 
and of a wide circle of New York City people who benefited by his 
treatment. He rapidly gained repute as a gynaecological and obstet- 
rical specialist, and during his years of practice formed some impor- 
tant staff connections with leading city hospitals, and received many 
professional recognitions of his standing as a surgeon. At the present 
time Dr. Barrows is attending physician to the Manhattan Maternity 
Hospital and Dispensary, assistant obsterical physician and gynaecol- 
ogist at the Bellevue Hospital, and consulting surgeon to the New 
Rochelle and Peekskill hospitals, and since 1909 has been Clinical 
Professor of Gynaecology at Cornell University Medical College. 
He has been honored by admittance to fellowship of the American 
College of Surgeons, and among the other medical organizations to 
which he belongs are: The American Medical Association; the Medical 
Society of the State of New York; the New York Academy of Medi- 
cine, of which he is a fellow; the New York Obstetrical Society; the 
New York County Medical Association; the Alumni Association of 
Bellevue Hospital, and the Clinical Society of New York. Dr. Bar- 
rows's office is at 63 East Fifty-sixth Street, New York City. 
AATTLLIAM EMERY STUDDIFORD, a successful physician of 
¥ ' New York City, and a well-known gynaecologist, was born in 
Trenton, New Jersey, on July 4, 1867. After graduating at the New 
Jersey State Normal School, Trenton, in 1884, William E. Studdi- 
ford proceeded to Princeton University, wherefrom he graduated 
with the class of 1888, gaining thereby the Princeton degree of Bache- 
lor of Arts, and three years later receiving the major degree of Master 
of Arts. After having obtained his first degree, in 1888, Mr. Studdi- 
ford came to New York with the intention of studying medicine, so 
that he might enter the profession with which object in view he 
entered the Medical College of Bellevue Hospital, now a part of New 
York University, and after a three-year course won the degree of 
Doctor of Medicine, and immediately thereafter attached himself 
to the house staff of the Bellevue Hospital, serving an interneship 
of two years there, and then opening an office in New York City for 
private practice, which he has continued to this date with good suc- 
cess, the later years of his practice developing into a specialization of 
gynaecological cases, in which branch of medical science Dr. Studdiford 
has gained appreciable repute. 
During his many years of association with New York medicine, Dr. 
Studdiford had held many hospital appointments; in 1894 he was 
attending physician to the Almshouse Hospital, and in 1896 occupied 
a like office at the Maternity Hospital on Blackwell's Island; in 1896 
he was appointed assistant attending gynaecologist to Bellevue Hos- 
pital, which position he has maintained for the intervening twenty 
years to the present; besides which he is attending physician (obstet- 
rical) to the New York Nursery and Child's Hospital, and consulting 
surgeon to Franklin Hospital, New Jersey. In the activities of some 344 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
of the leading medical organizations, Dr. Studdiford has been promi- 
nent ; he has the distinction of being a fellow of the American College 
of Surgeons, and he holds membership in the American Medical Asso- 
ciation, in the American Gynaecological Association, in the New York 
Obstetrical Society, in the Medical Society of the State of New York, 
and the New York County Medical Association, and also is active in 
the Alumni Society of Bellevue Hospital, and belongs to the Princeton 
Club of New York. 
Dr. Studdiford, who has office and residence at 124 East Thirty- 
sixth Street, New York City, was married, September 17, 1896, to 
Maria Emlen Hale. They have two children: William Emery, Jr., 
and Andrew Douglas. 
t^DMUND JANES PALMER, a practitioner of New York City, has 
been active in the profession for more than thirty years. He is 
the son of Abraham M. and Sarah A. (Knowles) Palmer. After 
having acquired adequate elementary education, Edmund J. Palmer 
prepared for college at the Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, Pennsyl- 
vania, at which famous old college he graduated in due course. Then, 
with the intention of ultimately entering the ministry, he pursued 
the course of classics at Wesleyan University, during the years 1874 
and 1878, and in the latter year graduated successfully, gaining the 
degree of Bachelor of Arts, and subsequently being awarded the major 
degree of Master of Arts of the same institution of academic and 
theological instruction. But after having gained his first academic 
degree, in 1878, he proceeded to New York City, there to enter upon 
a course of instruction in medicine. Successfully matriculating at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, Mr. Palmer 
followed the scientific lectures therein for three years, undertaking 
research work also during the period, and was able to graduate in 
1881, and so receive the degree of Doctor of Medicine. Entering into 
the active practice of his profession without delay, Dr. Palmer has, 
in the many years of association with the medical fraternity of New 
York City and State, risen to a meritorious position among them, 
and has earned the confidence and esteem of a wide circle of friends 
and patients. 
Dr. Edmund J. Palmer w7as for many years one of the State Com- 
missioners of Quarantine, and at present is visiting physician to St. 
Luke's Home. He belongs to a number of the leading medical or- 
ganizations, being a member of the American Medical Association; 
the Lenox Medical and Surgical Society; the West Side Clinical 
Society; the Medical Society of the State of New York; the New York 
County Medical Association; the Greater New York Medical Asso- 
ciation. 
On October 20, 1886, Dr. Palmer married Blanche Shove. They 
have two children: Lena S., born August 30, 1887, and Blanche S., 
bom March 14, 1889. Dr. Palmer's residence and office have been 
for a considerable number of years at 103 West Eighty-sixth Street, BIOGRAPHICAL 
345 
New York City, and both he and his wife are earnest members of St. 
Paul's Methodist Church of New York City. 
^JETH MINOT MILLIKEN was born at Dover, New Hampshire, 
July 23, 1875, a son of Seth Mellen (2) and Margaret Leighton 
(Hill) Milliken. As one of the founders of the firm of Deering, 
Milliken & Company, and as a banker and capitalist, the father of 
Dr. Milliken has been prominent in commercial and financial rela- 
tions in New York City for many years, and was president of the 
Mercantile National Bank at the time of its consolidation with the 
Irving National Bank. 
Seth Minot Milliken received a liberal preparatory education in 
private schools of New York City, and entered Yale University, grad- 
uating from that institution with the class of 1898, with the degree 
of Bachelor of Arts. He entered upon the study of medicine at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, where he 
graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1902. In 1902-04 
he was an interne at Roosevelt Hospital, and in 1904 took the course 
at Sloane Maternity Hospital. In 1905 Dr. Milliken was appointed 
assistant surgeon on the staff of the Lincoln Hospital, New York, be- 
coming attending surgeon in 1909, which position he still holds. 
Since 1911 he has been consulting surgeon to the St. Christopher's 
Home, Dobbs Ferry. He is adjunct assistant surgeon to the Bellevue 
Hospital, aud surgeon to the out-patients' department. He was also 
assistant surgeon to Gouverneur Hospital, 1910-12. Partly out of 
patriotic motives, during the summer of 1917, he accepted a tem- 
porary appointment as acting first assistant surgeon to Roosevelt 
Hospital, to fill a vacancy caused by the war. Dr. Milliken's contri- 
butions to medical literature consist of articles to medical journals and 
papers read before various medical bodies, including one on "Ery- 
sipelas," read before the New York Surgical Society in 1917. 
Dr. Milliken is a member of the New York Surgical Society, a 
fellow of the American College of Surgeons and the New York 
Academy of Medicine, of which he is at the present time secretary of 
its surgical section, a member of the American Medical Association, 
the State Medical Society, New York County Medical Society, the 
Alumni Association of the Roosevelt Hospital and the Lenox Medical 
and Surgical Society, treasurer of the Quiz Medical Society and the 
Alumni Association of the Sloane Hospital for Women. In 1915 the 
president of the borough of Manhattan appointed him to the Local 
School Board, District No. 13, and he has been its chairman since 1916. 
In further performance of his civic duty, Dr. Milliken is treasurer of 
the Lenox Hill Settlement, and a member of the board of managers 
of the Bowery Branch Y. M. C. A. Socially, he is a member of the 
Yale, Union League, University and Riding clubs of New York City. 
He is a member of the Madison'Avenue Presbyterian Church. 
October 5, 1907, Dr. Milliken was married, at Plainfield, New Jer- 
sey, to Alida King Leese, a daughter of Wilton St. John and Alida 
Marie (Donnell) Leese. They have four children: Alida Donnell, 346 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
born November 3, 1908; Seth Mellen (3), born August 6, 1910; 
Martha Ellingwood, born August 21, 1911, and Minot King, born 
January 1, 1916. 
IJ ERMAN CLAY FRAUENTHAL, one of the leading medical 
x practitioners in New York City, enjoying a reputation for skill 
and ability of a high order, is a native of Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, 
born September 15, 1866, a son of Samuel and Henrietta Frauenthal, 
the former named a successful and enterprising merchant. He 
obtained an excellent literary education in the schools of Wilkes- 
Barre, including the high school, then entered the Lehigh University, 
where he pursued an advanced electrical course in 1888. Later he 
matriculated in Bellevue Hospital Medical College, graduating there- 
from, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1897, and subsequently 
performed clerical work in Paris and Vienna, thus augmenting the 
knowledge gained during his collegiate course. He opened an office 
for the active practice of his profession in New York City, and is 
now specializing in Orthopedic Surgery, in which branch he is highly 
successful. In addition to his private practice, which is extensive and 
lucrative, he is the surgeon in the Deformed and Joint Dispensary and 
Home for Crippled Children, serving from 1902 to the present time 
(1917) ; chief clinical surgeon in the Deformed and Joint Dispensary, 
and surgeon for the Department of Correction, 1902-04. He has 
contributed papers on "Orthopedic Surgery," "Paralysis Diseases of 
Childhood and Infantile Paralysis." He is a member of the State 
Medical Society, County Medical Society, Academy of Medicine, 
American Medical Association, New York Physicians' Association, and 
Eastern Medical Society, and an honorary member of the Grand Army 
of the Republic. Dr. Frauenthal is a member of Temple Emanuel, 
that being the faith of his forefathers. 
Dr. Frauenthal married, in New York City, March 14, 1901, Minnie 
Rothschild, daughter of Frank and Amanda Rothschild. Children: 
Marian, born November 16, 1904; Herman Clay, Jr., born November 
6, 1911. 
CETH HILL, son of Wakeman and Eunice (Lyon) Hill, was born in 
Easton, Connecticut, on July 16, 1838, died February 5, 1912. 
The impression left on the community by the death of a public 
man is calculated, perhaps coldly, in direct proportion to his value 
and usefulness in it. But when the man whom death has taken from 
the community has deeply graven his image and character on the 
minds of the people, through altruistic, unselfish service of lifetime 
duration, the grief, which otherwise is little more than formal custom, 
becomes real and manifest. Not only was Dr. Seth Hill an eminent 
and skilled physician, but in and out of his professional capacity he 
was "the friend of all the world," practising the great ideal of the 
medical profession, the great leveller, service of humanity. Dr. Hill 
was a gentleman of the old school, serene of nature, courteous, gen- BIOGRAPHICAL 
347 
erous, finding no favor or service too great to perform for the friend, 
enemy or stranger, suffering or in need. 
Dr. Hill received his early education in the elementary schools of 
Easton, the town where he was born. He later attended the Easton 
Academy preparatory to entering college. After being graduated 
from that institution, he entered the Medical School of Yale Uni- 
versity. Here his work was of an unusually fine quality, and he was 
graduated with honors with the class of 1866, the valedictorian. He 
received the degree of Doctor of Medicine, and immediately started 
to establish a practice for himself in Bridgeport, Connecticut. He 
remained here but a short time, however, removing next to Bethlehem, 
and from there to Stepney, where he finally established himself in 
practice. The value of Dr. Hill's services was such that his reputation 
was country-wide. He became a leader in his profession, and his 
practice grew to be one of the largest of the region of Stepney, Easton, 
Trumbull and the surrounding country. He came to be looked up to 
not only by the people, but by other medical men of the vicinity; a 
man to be sought for aid and advice, a silent, cool, well of skill and 
constructive ability, to be trusted in the extreme. 
Dr. Hill married (first) Phebe M. Dayton, of Towanda, Pennsyl- 
vania, who died August 29, 1870. He married (second) on June 19, 
1872, Mary Frances Nichols, of Tashua, Trumbull, Connecticut, the 
daughter of William and Mary Melissa (Mallett) Nichols. The 
parents of Mrs. Hill, who survive Dr. Hill, were both members of 
families well-known and long-established in Connecticut. 
In addition to his extremely active career in the medical profession, 
Dr. Hill was keenly interested in the political issues of his day, and 
took an active part in political affairs, becoming the local leader of the 
Republican party in his vicinity. He was a member of the county 
school board, and as such brought a number of much-needed reforms. 
In the year 1880 he was elected to the Connecticut State Legislature. 
Dr. Hill was on the staff of the Bridgeport Hospital; president of 
the State Medical Society; a member of the American Medical Society, 
and in 1884 president of the Fairfield County Medical Society. In 
1901 Dr. Hill became one of the trustees of the Staples Free School of 
Easton, and did much valuable work in this office. 
Dr. Hill was buried at Easton, Connecticut. 
A LBERT ASHTON BERG.-On the roll of capable and successful 
physicians and surgeons in New York City appears the name of 
Dr. Albert A. Berg, who is accorded a leading place in the ranks of 
his fraternity. His devotion to the duties of his profession, combined 
with a comprehensive understanding of the principles of the science 
of medicine and surgery, has made him a most successful and able 
practitioner, whose prominence is well-deserved. 
Dr. Albert A. Berg was born in New York City, in 1872, a son of 
Montz and Josephine Berg, the former named a merchant, well and 
favorably known in business circles. He prepared for college by at- 
tendance at the public schools in the vicinity of his home, then became 348 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
a student in the College of the City of New York, from which he 
received the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1891, and then matriculated 
in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, from 
which he received his degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1894, standing 
third in the graduating class and winning the Harsen Prize and 
the Harsen Medal for hospital clinical reports, which facts attested 
to his excellent scholarship and his thorough preparation for the 
profession which he chose for his life work. He secured first place 
in the hospital examination for Mt. Sinai, and after completing his 
course became an interne at Mt. Sinai Hospital, serving in that 
capacity for two years, from 1894 to 1896. He served as assistant 
to Dr. Bull at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and after his 
service at Mt. Sinai served as assistant to Dr. Gerster, both well- 
known members of the medical profession. All his professional life 
has been passed in his native city, and in addition to his extensive 
practice, the greater part of which is along the line of general surgery, 
Dr. Berg is serving as consulting surgeon of the Hebrew Sheltering 
Orphan Asylum, his connection dating from 1910; as consulting sur- 
geon of the Miriam Barnert Hospital, Paterson, New Jersey; as sur- 
geon of Bronx Hospital since 1912, and as surgeon of Mt. Sinai Hos- 
pital since 1914, having served as associate surgeon in the same insti- 
tution from 1899 to 1914. He has contributed to surgical procedures 
on the stomach and duodenum, kidneys, etc.; is the author of numer- 
ous monographs, and of "Surgical Diagnosis," published by Lea 
Brothers and Company. Although his time has been so well occupied, 
Dr. Berg keeps in touch with the advanced thought along the line of 
his profession by membership in the American Medical Association, 
New York Academy of Medicine, State and County Medical societies, 
Harlem Medical Society, Eastern Medical Society, and he is also an 
active member of Harmonie Club. He is a staunch adherent of the 
principles and policies of the Democratic party. 
L) OBERT HOLMES GREENE was born at Brunswick, Maine, April 
r v 27, 1861. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1881, receiving 
the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and subsequently that of Master of 
Arts was conferred upon him by his alma mater. Having decided on 
a medical career, he entered the Harvard Medical School, graduating 
in 1886 in a class of sixty-seven members. He came to New York City 
before the commencement of the present century, and devoted himself 
to special surgery. He is a member of the American Association 
Genito-Urinary Surgery; the American Medical Association; the New 
York Medical Society; the New York Academy of Medicine; the 
Greater New York Medical Association; Harvard Medical Society, 
New York City; New York Dermatological Society, and the Harvard 
Medical Alumni Association. 
Dr. Greene has contributed many valuable wTorks to the medical 
literature of the country. He is author of *' Some Observations on the 
Prostate," 1898, published in the Journal of Cutaneous Venereal 
Diseases; "Fallicier in the Treatment of Urethral Diseases," 1900, BIOGRAPHICAL 
349 
published in the Journal of the American Medical Association; "Con- 
tributions to the Nature and Pathology of Diseases of the Bladder," 
1901, published in Medical News; "Stricture of the Male Urethra," 
published in the Medical News; "The Cancer of Prostate," 1903, New 
York Medical Journal. He is editor of "Anatomical Researches in 
the So-Called Prostatic Hypertrophy and Allied Processes in the 
Bladder and Kidneys, ' ' by Stanislaus Cieehandruski; also a con- 
tributor to "Medical Text Book of Medical Sciences"; author of many 
other articles in medical journals. Harper Brothers published his 
"Healthful Exercises" in 1889. Dr. Greene is visiting surgeon at the 
City and French hospitals, and his office is located at No. 78 East 
Fifty-sixth Street. 
JEORGE THOMSON ELLIOTT, the nephew and namesake of Dr. 
George Thomson Elliott, the noted obstetrician, who died in New 
York City, January 28, 1871, of apoplexy, at only forty-three years 
of age, was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, December 20, 1855. He 
received the degree of Bachelor of Arts from Yale University in 1877, 
and his degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1881 from the University of 
Louisiana. Dr. Elliott is a fellow of the American Medical Association 
of the New York Academy of Medicine, and a member of the New 
York State and County Medical societies, besides other dermatological 
and pathological societies. Since 1898 he has been connected with 
the faculty of Cornell University Medical College, filling the chair 
of Professor of Dermatology. He is consulting dermatologist at St. 
Luke's, Columbus, and Lying-in hospitals of the City of New York, 
also the New York State Hospital for the care of Crippled and De- 
formed Children at West Haverstraw. He is consulting physician 
and dermatologist on the staff of the New York Skin and Cancer Hos- 
pital, and the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary. 
JOHN BENTLEY SQUIER, the son of John Bentley and Adelaide 
*4 (Lurn) Squier, was born in New York City, November 6, 1873. 
His father was a well-known real estate operator, and educated his 
son in private schools in his native city, and prepared him for college 
at Halsey's Collegiate School. Young Squier entered the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons, from which he graduated in 1894 as a 
Doctor of Medicine. The next four years were spent in the surgical 
divisions of St. Luke's Hospital, and for three months he was one of 
the internes of the Sloane Maternity Hospital. He then engaged in 
private practice, associating himself with Dr. L. Bolton Bangs, making 
a specialty of genito-urinary surgery. Dr. Squier is the inventor of 
several instruments for use in genito-urinary surgery, of which we 
make special mention of a surgical table known as "Squier's Portable 
Operating Table"; a pocket catheter sterilizer; the combined Fren- 
delemburgh bladder pump and searcher; a complete portable operating 
outfit. He is a fellow of the American Medical Association; the 
American College of Surgeons; the American Association of Genito- 
urinary Surgeons; the American Urological Society; the New York 350 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Academy of Medicine; the County Medical Society; the Greater New 
York Medical Association; the St. Luke's Alumni Society, and the 
Society of Sloane Maternity Hospital. Dr. Squier is also a member 
of the following social clubs: The St. John's Dramatic Society; the 
Actors' Church Alliance; the Psi Upsilon fraternity; the Knicker- 
bocker Athletic Club; the Nassau Boat Club, and the Indian Harbor 
Yacht Club, yachting being the form of recreation which he most 
enjoys. He is a member of the medical staff, also Genito-Urinary Sur- 
geon at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital; 
the Presbyterian Hospital, and the United Hospital at Port Chester. 
His office is No. 49 East Forty-ninth Street. 
T^HOMAS A. McGOLDRICK.-Among those who have been in 
active practice of medicine for nearly a quarter of a century in 
the city of Brooklyn is Thomas A. McGoldrick. He graduated in 1896 
from the Long Island College Hospital, receiving from that institu- 
tion his degree of Doctor of Medicine. He soon after commenced the 
practice of his profession, establishing an office on Clinton Avenue, 
of that city. Dr. McGoldrick is the visiting physician at St. Peter's 
Hospital of Brooklyn, physician-in-chief at St. Anthony's Hospital, 
Woodhaven, and consulting physician at Mercy Hospital, Hempstead. 
He is a member of the New York State Medical Society and the Medi- 
cal Society of the County of Kings. His present office address is No. 
294 Clinton Avenue. 
ROBERT F. WEIR was born February 16, 1838, in New York 
1 v City, son of James and Mary Anne (Shapter) Weir, his father 
a prominent pharmacist of New York. On paternal lines he traced to 
Scotch ancestry, his grandfather, Robert Walter Weir, coming from 
Scotland prior to the Revolution, and becoming a well-known mer- 
chant of New York City. On the maternal side his ancestry was 
English. Robert F. Weir, after preparation in public school, entered 
the College of the City of New York, receiving his Bachelor of Arts 
in 1854, Master of Arts in 1857, Doctor of Medicine in 1859, the last- 
named degree being conferred by the College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons. During 1859-1861 he was house surgeon and physician at New 
York Hospital, and in 1861 entered the regular United States army 
as assistant-surgeon. He continued in the service until the close of 
the war in 1865, having charge of one of the largest government hos- 
pitals from 1862 to 1865. For his management of this hospital, located 
at Frederick, Maryland, he was publicly thanked in general orders 
issued from the surgeon general's office. 
After the war Dr. Weir returned to New York and engaged in the 
general practice of his profession. He was also surgeon to St. Luke's 
Hospital, and physician to the Nursery and Child's Hospital, a posi- 
tion which he held for ten years. From 1870-1875, he was Professor 
of Surgery at the Woman's Medical College; 1873-1883, attending 
surgeon at Roosevelt Hospital, re-appointed to the same position in 
1898; 1880-1883, surgeon to Bellevue Hospital; 1876-1898, surgeon to BIOGRAPHICAL 
351 
New York Hospital; in 1883, appointed Clinical Professor of Surgery, 
College of Physicians and Surgeons, and in 1892, Professor of Sur- 
gery in the same institution, holding this until 1903. He contributed 
largely to the literature of his profession, his first essay being his 
graduating thesis, March 10, 1859, "Hernia Cerebri," which was 
published by request of the faculty. 
Dr. Weir is a member of the New York Academy of Medicine; was 
president of the Practitioners' Society in 1883; member of the New 
York Surgical Society; American Surgical Association (president) 
1899-1900; New York State Medical Association; New York County 
Medical Association; Greater New York Medical Society (president) 
1900-1901; Societie de Chirurgie, Paris; and honorary fellow, Royal 
College of Surgeons, England. He is a member of the University and 
Rockaway Hunt clubs, Century Association, and St. Nicholas Society. 
Dr. Weir married (first) October 9, 1863, Marie Washington Mc- 
Pherson, a lineal descendant of Samuel Washington, eldest brother of 
General Washington. Mrs. Weir died in 1890, leaving a daughter, 
Alice Washington Weir, who married E. La Montague, Jr., of New 
York City. Dr. Weir married (second) November 7, 1895, Mary 
Badgley Allen. When professional duties permitted, Dr. Weir has 
always sought recreation in travel, his journeys taking him over a 
large portion of the world. His summer home has long been on the 
shores of beautiful Lake George, his city home at No. 11 East 54th 
Street, New York City. 
D OBERT BURNS ANDERSON was born in Port Ontario, New 
York, March 27, 1871, and is a son of William and Emma 
(Witherbee) Anderson. A great-grandfather, whose name was John 
Anderson, had emigrated with his wife and thirteen children from 
Scotland prior to the Revolution. The family had settled in New 
Jersey, and here very soon after John Anderson died. His widow 
removed soon after this to a farm near Rome, New York, and several 
of the children were bound out to apprenticeships. One of the sons 
named William entered the United States army and served under 
Anthony Wayne. About the time that he was mustered out the 
Canadian government was issuing large grants of land, and William 
Anderson took up a thousand acres on what is known as Anderson's 
Point, in Ontario. His son William joined in the Mackensie Rebellion, 
and upon its suppression was obliged to leave Canada. His farm and 
the city property he owned in Kingston were confiscated. Crossing 
over to New York State he found employment in a ship-yard at 
Hunter's Point, where he became a master shipbuilder. Here he 
remained for the rest of his life, with the exception of a trip to Cali- 
fornia in 1851, via Panama. 
Dr. Anderson obtained his early education in the public schools of 
Port Ontario, his birthplace, going latterly to Belleville Academy, 
Belleville, Jefferson county, New York. He graduated from the 
Otsego Normal and Training School, and then entered Cornell Univer- 
sity. Before the end of his first year at Cornell a cablegram came to 352 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
the school asking for a teacher of mathematics. The position was 
offered to young Anderson, and within two days he was on his way to 
the Hawaiian Islands. The school to which he went was known as 
the Kamehameha School on the Island of Oahu, and here he remained 
five years. During this time King Kalakauo died, and the uprising 
took place which resulted in the establishment of a republic. Dr. 
Anderson was, during the disturbed times, a deputy marshal of Oahu 
Island. 
In 1895 Dr. Anderson returned to New York and entered the 
medical department of the University of the City of New York, where 
he remained for one year. The remaining three years of his course 
were taken at the Medical School of Cornell University, from which 
he was graduated in 1899. He served an interneship of two years in 
the surgical department, and substituted for nine months in the 
medical department of Bellevue Hospital. He began his practice as 
an assistant to Dr. Samuel Alexander, of New York, under whom he 
did special work in genito-urinary diseases for a year. Going to 
Brooklyn to attend a sick brother-in-law, he decided to locate there, 
and this decision he carried out in 1903. His practice was for a 
time of a general nature, but in the last few years he has specialized 
in genito-urinary diseases. He has served as the medical examiner to 
the street cleaning department of the city since 1904. He is a surgeon- 
in-chief of the department of urinary diseases in the Caledonian Hos- 
pital and attending surgeon at the Lutheran Hospital. He is a fellow 
of the American College of Surgeons, and a member of the Brooklyn 
Surgical Society, of the Medical Society of the County of Kings, of 
the Medical Society of the State of New York, of the American Medical 
Association, of the Alumni Association of Bellevue Hospital, and of 
the Associations of Military Surgeons. Outside of his professional 
affiliations, Dr. Anderson is a member of Montauk Lodge, No. 286, 
Free and Accepted Masons. 
Dr. Anderson married, June 1, 1910, Dorothy L. Gauvin, of Brook- 
lyn, and they have two children: Robert Bums, Jr., and Patricia. 
IVILLIAM JOSEPH CRUIKSHANK.-Among the prominent sur- 
r ' geons who have practised medicine for nearly two score of years 
in the city of Brooklyn is William Joseph Cruikshank. He is a son 
of John and Matilda Josephine (Irwin) Cruikshank, of Scotch and 
Irish ancestry, and was bom at St. John, New Brunswick, Canada, on 
April 2, 1859. His academic education was received in public schools 
of Portland, Maine, and in New York City, and he graduated with 
the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1880 from the New York Uni- 
versity Medical College. Immediately thereafter he settled in the 
city of Brooklyn, in the practice of his profession, where he has 
since remained, his present location being at No. 102 Fort Greene 
Place, where he has resided for many years. He was for about five 
years a sanitary inspector on the staff of the Department of Health, 
being appointed to that position by Mayor Seth Low. Dr. Cruikshank 
is a member of the Kings County Medical Society, of the New York BIOGRAPHICAL 
353 
State Medical Society, of the Brooklyn Pathological Society, and a 
fellow of the American Medical Association. He is consulting physi- 
cian on the staff of the Wyckoff Heights Hospital, and surgeon-in-chief 
on the staff of the Caledonian Hospital. He married, December 2, 
1885, Miss Maude Foster. 
QYLVESTER JAMES McNAMARA, one of the prominent gynaecol- 
ogists and obstetricians of Brooklyn, was born in that city, May 14, 
1869, and is the son of Patrick and Ellen (Rhatigan) McNamara. His 
father, who still resides in Brooklyn, at the age of ninety, is a native 
of County Clare, Ireland, having come to this country in 1851, the 
voyage taking thirty days. He located at first in Kenosha, Wisconsin, 
where he married. He is a carpenter by trade, and was in the employ 
of the government during the Civil War. In 1864 he moved his resi- 
dence to Brooklyn, where he has since remained. For many years he 
was a boss carpenter in Prospect Park, Brooklyn, serving later, for 
fourteen years, as an accountant in the comptroller's office in Brook- 
lyn. Another son besides Dr. McNamara is John McNamara, who is 
an attorney, practising in Brooklyn, and who was for eight years 
connected with the corporation counsel's office. 
Dr. McNamara received his education at the parochial school of 
St. Paul's parish, Brooklyn, receiving his Bachelor's degree from 
Manhattan College in 1889. Among his classmates at this institu- 
tion was the Rt. Rev. G. W. Mundelein, now Archbishop of Chicago. 
After three years' further work he received the degree of Master of 
Arts from the same college. His medical studies were carried on 
at the Long Island College Hospital, which conferred upon him the 
degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1892. After serving as interne in 
the same institution for a year and a half he started out upon his 
professional work, beginning his practice in Union Street, Brooklyn. 
For about ten years his work was of a general character, but gradually 
he began to specialize, particularly in the diseases of women and chil- 
dren, until he is recognized as one of the ablest gynaecologists of the 
city. For about twenty years he has been the gynaecologist of the 
Kings County Hospital, and for about fifteen years the visiting gynae- 
cologist at the Kings Park Hospital. He served also for three years 
as the assistant gynaecologist at St. Peter's Hospital. He has been 
consulting gynaecologist at the Coney Island Hospital ever since it was 
opened, and with Dr. Bristow and Dr. Van Cott was responsible for 
the organization of its staff. Besides these he is also consulting gynae- 
cologist and obstetrician at the Long Island College Hospital, where 
he first pursued his medical studies and gained his first experience. 
Dr. McNamara is the author of a number of monographs which have 
been read before the professional organizations of which he is a mem- 
ber, appearing latterly in the scientific journals and in pamphlet 
form. Among these the most important are: ''Syphilis Pubis," "In- 
terposition Vesico-Vaginalis Uteri and Dysmenorrhoea of Uterine 
Origin," and "Wiring through the Obturator Foramen for Sym- 
phasis." He is a fellow of the American College of Physicians and 354 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Surgeons, and is a member of the Medical Society of the County of 
Kings, of the Medical Society of the State of New York, of the Ameri- 
can Medical Association, of the Brooklyn Gynaecological Society and 
of the Associated Physicians of Long Island. He is also a member 
of the Montauk Club, and was formerly a member of the Crescent 
Athletic Club and of the Hamilton Club. He and his family are 
members of St. Agnes Roman Catholic Church. 
Dr. McNamara married, May 21, 1902, Emilie M. Harder, daughter 
of Victor Harder, of Brooklyn, and they have three children: George 
A., Alfred J., and Madeline. 
T EFFERTS AUGUSTINE MCCLELLAND, the founder of the 
Brooklyn Post-Graduate Medical School, and Professor of Diseases 
of Ear, Nose and Throat, was born in Brooklyn, New York, August 
10, 1863. He received his degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1885 from 
Long Island City Hospital, and is a fellow of the American Medical 
Association. Besides other societies, he is interested in laryngology, 
otology, and other kindred medical specialties. Dr. McClelland is 
otologist at the Coney Island and the Rockaway Beach hospitals, 
laryngologist and otologist at the Mercy Hospital at Hempstead, Long 
Island, and the Broad Street Hospital in New York City. He is a 
member of the surgical staff of Williamsburgh Hospital. He has 
charge of the nose, throat and ear department of the Williamsburgh 
Dispensary, and is consulting otologist at the Kingston Avenue and 
the Wyckoff Heights hospitals. His office and residence are at No. 
78 McDonough Street, Brooklyn. 
D USSELL AUBRA HIBBS.-Among the graduates of the class of 
1890 of the medical department of the University of Louisville 
was Russell Aubra Hibbs. After receiving his degree of Doctor of 
Medicine he commenced practice in New York City. He is a member 
of the New York State and County Medical societies, a fellow of the 
American Medical Association, and of the New York Academy of- 
Medicine. He is surgeon-in-chief at the New York Orthopedic Dis- 
pensary and Hospital, consulting orthopedic surgeon at the New York 
Infirmary for Women and Children, and consulting surgeon at the 
Colored Orphans' Asylum. His office address is No. 130 East Thirty- 
sixth Street. 
A LMON HAVENS COOKE, M.D., was born at Otego, New York, 
November 22, 1871, and is the son of the Rev. Scott M. and Ursula 
Z. (Fisk) Cooke. He attended as a boy the public schools of New 
York City, finishing at the High School and taking a year of the 
academic work in the College of the City of New York. He then 
entered the medical department of the University of New York, grad- 
uating in 1892 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. From 1892 to 
1894 he served on the house staff of Bellevue Hospital, New York, in 
the 4th surgical division. He then went abroad and for a year 
(1894-1895) did post-graduate work in the University of Edinburgh, BIOGRAPHICAL 
355 
Scotland, and for six months worked at St. Mary's Hospital, London. 
He returned to this country and in 1896-1897 he was lecturer in 
medicine in the Medical Department of Niagara University. He also 
became the consulting physician at the Buffalo Woman's Hospital. 
From 1898-1901 he was assistant surgeon of the 74th Regiment of 
the New York National Guard. He is a member of the American 
Medical Association, of the New York State Medical Society, of the 
Erie County Medical Society, of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, 
and of the Bellevue Hospital Alumni Association. On the social side 
he is a member of the Buffalo Club. 
Dr. Cooke married Florence N. Packard, daughter of General Jas- 
per Packard, and Harriet (Tibbetts) Packard. 
AA^ALTER EYRE LAMBERT.-The branch of the medical science 
' that Dr. Lambert has devoted his life studies to is ophthalmol- 
ogy. The eye, its anatomy and diseases, has been for years his special- 
ization. He is a graduate of the class of 1884 of the College of Physi- 
cians and Surgeons of Edinburgh, Scotland. He is a member of the 
New York State and County Medical societies, a fellow of the Ameri- 
can Medical Association, the American College of Surgeons, the New 
York Academy of Medicine, and the American Ophthalmological 
Society. He is connected as surgeon with the staff of the New York 
Eye and Ear Infirmary. Dr. Lambert maintains an office at No. 112 
East Thirty-fifth Street. 
A/JENAS S. GREGORY.-Among those who have gained prominence 
1 1 in the treatment of mental diseases, none rank higher in the medi- 
cal profession of New York City than Menas S. Gregory. He gradu- 
ated from the Albany Medical School in 1898, and finally settled in 
New York City, desiring a larger field of operation. He is a fellow 
of the American Medical Association; a member of the American 
Neurological Society; of the Psychiatrical Society of New York, and 
of the Psychoanalytical Society of New York. He is chief alienist and 
director of the psychopathy and alcholism ward of Bellevue Hospital, 
and is a member of the medical staff of the New York Post-Graduate 
and Medical School and Hospital. Dr. Gregory's residence and 
office are at The Wyoming, Fifty-fifth Street and Seventh Avenue, 
New York. 
JOHN FRANCIS McGRATH.-Among the younger members of the 
J medical fraternity of New York City is John Francis McGrath, a 
graduate of Cornell Medical College, class of 1908. Soon after his 
graduation he commenced the practice of medicine in New York City, 
specializing in gynaecology. Dr. McGrath is a member of the New 
York State and County Medical societies; a fellow of the American 
Medical Association, and a member of the Society of Alumni of Belle- 
vue Hospital. He is assistant gynaecologist at Bellevue Hospital, chief 
gynaecologist at Bellevue Dispensary, and" assistant gynaecologist at 
St. Vincent's Hospital Out-Patient Department. The office address 
of Dr. McGrath is No. 119 East Thirtieth Street. 356 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
TAANIEL ALISON JOSEPH SINCLAIR, formerly instructor of 
surgery at the New York Polyclinic Medical School and Hospital, 
graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York 
City, in the class of 1896. After receiving his license to practice he 
established himself in New York City, where he has always followed 
his chosen profession. He has at various times been connected with 
the staff of some of the most important hospitals and dispensaries of 
the city. He was assistant visiting genito-urinary surgeon at Bellevue 
Hospital, also consulting genito-urinary surgeon at the Central Islip 
State Hospital. He is a member of the New York State and County 
Medical societies; fellow of the American Medical Association and the 
American Urological Society. Dr. Sinclair's present location is No. 
2131 Broadway. 
THOMAS ALOYSIUS MULCAHY.-Among the members of the 
1 medical fraternity who have been identified with the profession 
since the commencement of the twentieth century is Thomas Aloysius 
Mulcahy. He graduated in 1901 from the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons of the City of New York. We find him soon after his gradu- 
ation practising his profession in Hartford, Connecticut, but, desiring 
a larger field of operation he eventually removed to New York City. 
Dr. Mulcahy is a fellow of the American Medical Association and a 
member of the New York State and County Medical societies. He is 
assistant rhinologist and auralist at the Misericordia Hospital and 
Training School for Nurses. He is connected with the staff of the New 
York Post-Graduate Dispensary; is surgeon of otology at the Cornell 
Dispensary, and clinical assistant on ophthalmology at the Manhattan 
Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital and the Mercy Hospital at Tarrytown. 
The doctor's office and residence are at No. 143 West Ninety-second 
Street. 
JEORGE N. JACK, M.D., was born at Cameron Mills, New York, 
July 13, 1869, son of Allen T. and Loranah L. Jack. His early 
education was gained at the local schools, from which he went to the 
medical school of the University of Buffalo, and was graduated in 
1895 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He then did post- 
graduate work at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. 
Dr. Jack has been an important contributor to the medical journals, 
and among his papers we may mention: "Abnormalities of the 
Blood;" "The Etiology of Asthma;" "The Hygiene of the Asth- 
matic;" "The Pathology of Asthma;" "The Pathology of Asthma 
with Special Reference to its Vicious Circles;" "The Diet of the Asth- 
matic;" "The Prognosis of Asthma from a Digestive, Blood, Meta- 
bolic, Etiologic Standpoint;" "Lung Tissue Performs' a Glandular 
Function," all of which appeared in the Buffalo Medical Journal. 
Appearing in the New York State Journal of Medicine are: "Asthma 
of Blood Origin and not Nerve or Reflex; ' ' and, ' ' Asthma and Its Re- 
lations to Environment, from a Blood Etiological Standpoint." In 
the Medical Record has appeared, "The Lymph Propulsion and Ex- BIOGRAPHICAL 
357 
change. " In the Buffalo Medical Journal of December, 1917, appeared 
"The Loppered Milk Diet, Including References to Its Benefits in 
Post-Operative Disturbances and Metabolic Defectives," and in the 
April number for 1901, "A Brief Resume of the Grosser Animal 
Nature and Its Application in Medicine." The paper, "Forests and 
Their Relationship to Eugenics," was published in the New York 
State Journal of Medicine in the August number, 1913. 
Dr. Jack married R. Dell Close, daughter of Roderick and Rossetta 
Close, and they have four children: E. Lucile, Vidian, Harvey, R. 
Winona. 
I EWIS GREGORY COLE.-Among those who have made a study 
of Professor Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen's discovery of the X-ray 
is Lewis Gregory Cole. He devoted himself to a complete analysis of 
the science, and is connected as a specialist in that method with a 
number of the leading hospitals of New York City and vicinity. He 
has been connected with the medical staff of the French and Memorial 
hospitals of New York City, and the St. Mary's Hospital of Orange, 
New Jersey. Dr. Cole graduated, in 1898, from the College of Physi- 
cians and Surgeons of New York City. He is a member of the New 
York State and County Medical societies, a fellow of the American 
Medical Association, the American Roentgen Ray Association of the 
New York Academy of Medicine, and a member of the Roosevelt Hos- 
pital Alumni Association. His office address is No. 103 Park Avenue. 
IJ EINRICH STERN.-At the beginning of the present century Dr. 
1 1 Stern, a graduate of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of 
the City of St. Louis, Missouri, of the class of 1899, having received his 
degree of Doctor of Medicine, commenced the practice of medicine in 
the City of New York, being located at No. 56 East Seventy-sixth 
street. Dr. Stern is a member of the New York State and County 
Medical societies, a fellow of the American Medical Association, of the 
American College of Physicians, the American Urological Society, the 
American Public Health Association, and of the New York Academy 
of Medicine. He is visiting physician at the St. Mark's and Home 
hospitals of New York City; the Methodist Episcopal Hospital of 
Brooklyn, and consulting physician at the Methodist Episcopal Hos- 
pital, also at the Central Islip State Hospital, the United Hospital 
at Port Chester, New York, the Glens Falls Hospital at Glens Falls, 
New York, and the Union General Hospital at Boston, Massachusetts. 
Dr. Stern maintained his office for a number of years at his original 
location, but finally removed to his present address, No. 250 West 
Seventy-third Street. 
E) OBERT LIVINGSTON LOUGHRAN.-After graduating from 
Princeton University in 1895, Robert Livingston Loughran 
entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York City, 
and received in 1899 his degree of Doctor of Medicine. We find him, 
in 1904, located in the practice of his profession at No. 824 Lexington 358 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Avenue, New York City. Dr. Loughran is a member of the New 
York State and County Medical societies, a fellow of the American 
Medical Association, of the American Laryngology, Rhinology and 
Otology Association, and the New York Academy of Medicine. He 
is attending otologist of the Babies' Ward at the New York Post- 
Graduate Medical School and Hospital, also at the Darrach Home for 
Cripped Children, and attending otologist at the Post-Graduate Dis- 
pensary. His present office address is No. 46 West Fifty-second 
Street. 
pRNEST FREDERICK KRUG.-The subject of this narrative 
graduated in 1900 from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of 
New York City. After receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine he 
was attached to the hospital staff of the German (now the Lenox Hill) 
Hospital of the City of New York. He eventually opened an office for 
the practice of medicine at No. 36 East Fifty-seventh Street, New 
York City, and was for a time connected with the New York Eye and 
Ear Infirmary as assistant surgeon. He is visiting ophthalmologist 
at the Central and Neurological Hospital and the Correctional Hos- 
pital at Blackwell's Island. Dr. Krug is a member of the New York 
State and County Medical societies. He is a fellow of the American 
Medical Association, of the American Academy of Medicine, of the 
American Laryngological, Ophthalmological and Otological Society; 
a member of the Alumni Association of the German Hospital of New 
York City. Dr. Krug's office, previous to his joining the American 
Expeditionary Force in France, in September, 1917, was located at 
No. 12 West Forty-fourth Street. 
A QUIN S. KELLY.-Among the graduates from the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons, the medical department of Columbia 
University, in the class of 1900, was Aquin S. Kelly. He is a fellow 
of the American Medical Association, also a member of the St. Vin- 
cent's Hospital Alumni Association. He is attending ophthalmologist 
surgeon at St. Joseph's Hospital, Far Rockaway, and St. Joseph's 
Hospital at Yonkers. He is assistant attending ophthalmologist sur- 
geon at the St. Vincent's Hospital, New York City, and the New York 
Eye and Ear Infirmary. Dr. Kelly's office is at No. 24 East Forty- 
eighth Street. 
PRANCIS MICHAEL O'GORMAN, A.B., M.D., of Buffalo, was 
born December 27, 1877, at Buffalo, son of John Martin and 
Honora (Golden) O'Gorman. His first school was the St. Nicholas 
School, from which he went to Canisius College, where he took his 
Bachelor's degree. He then entered the medical department of Buffalo 
University, which conferred on him in 1899 the degree of Doctor of 
Medicine. Since his graduation he has continued living in Buffalo, 
and has made general surgery his specialty. He is the consulting sur- 
geon for the German Deaconesses Hospital, and is attending surgeon 
at the Sisters' Hospital and at the Municipal Hospital. Dr. O'Gor- BIOGRAPHICAL 
359 
man has written a number of important papers among which may be 
mentioned: ' ' Evolution of Man, According to Darwin; a Study From 
Comparative Anatomy;" "Craniotomy and Abortion;" "Version 
versus High Forceps;" "Abdominal Sutures;" "Surgical Asepsis;" 
"Outline of a Method of Internal Shortening of Round Ligaments," 
and "Diagnosis of Goitre." He served as chairman of the surgical 
section of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine during the years 1916-17, 
and is a member of the American Medical Association and of the New 
York State Medical Association. He belongs to the ^Esculapian Club, 
the Omega Upsilon Phi Fraternity IV, and served as chaplain of the 
Elks during the year 1914-15. He also holds membership in the 
Humboldt Club. 
Dr. O'Gorman married Gertrude E. Hart, daughter of William B. 
and Mary (Welte) Hart, and they have three children: Geraldine 
Honora, John Hart, Mary Joan. 
TAMES TAYLOE GWATHMEY.-An earnest and discriminating 
u student in the line of his profession, Dr. James T. Gwathmey is 
widely-known as a prominent representative of the medical fraternity 
of New York City through his skill as a practitioner and through his 
valuable contributions to medical literature and his inventions for 
the alleviation of suffering He was born in Norfolk, Virginia, Sep- 
tember 10, 1863, son of William Watts and Mary (Tayloe) Gwathmey, 
the former named having been a cotton merchant, one of the principal 
industries of the South, in which line of work he was highly successful. 
Dr. Gwathmey was a student in the Norfolk Male Academy, Vir- 
ginia Military Institute, and Vanderbilt University, in the latter in- 
stitution pursuing a course to prepare him for the practice of medi- 
cine, receiving therefrom his degree of Doctor of Medicine in the 
class of 1899. He at once opened an office in New York City, and at 
first devoted his energies to a general practice, but later became a 
specialist in anaesthesia, in which specialty he has won distinction for 
marked ability and gratifying results have attended his labors. Dur- 
ing his years of study along this line he discovered the value of heat 
and the value of oxygen in anaesthesia, and in 1914 he wrote an article 
on "Anaesthesia," which received favorable comment from the mem- 
bers of the medical fraternity. He is actively connected with the Skin 
and Cancer Hospital in the anaesthesia department; the People's 
Hospital; the St. Bartholomew's Clinic; the Columbus Hospital, and 
the New York Children's Hospitals and Schools, Randall's Island. He 
holds membership in the American Medical Association, American 
Anaesthesia Society, New York Anaesthesia Society, Academy of Medi- 
cine, New York State Medical Society, Kings County Medical Society, 
American Association of Anaesthetists, of which he is secretary and 
treasurer; New York Athletic Club, Southern Club, Tennessee Club 
and Kappa Alpha fraternity. He is also a member of the Protestant 
Episcopal church. 
Dr. Gwathmey married Margaret Riddle, daughter of William and 360 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Emily Louise Riddle, and they have two children: William Riddle and 
Mary Tayloe. 
ABBOTT TRASK HUTCHINSON was born in Mexico City, 
Mexico, June 11, 1880, the son of Merrill Nathaniel and Mary 
(Trask) Hutchinson. After having received his preliminary educa- 
tion, he entered the Vermont Academy, from which he was graduated 
in 1898. He then attended the University of Vermont, graduating 
therefrom in 1902. In 1905 he finished the course in the medical de- 
partment of the latter institution, receiving the degree of Doctor of 
Medicine. From 1905 to 1907 he continued his preparation for the 
medical profession at the Mary Fletcher Surgical Hospital, Burling- 
ton, Vermont, and from 1907 to 1909 at the New York Eye and Ear 
Infirmary. He is now aurel surgeon at St. Bartholomew's Clinic; as- 
sistant surgeon of the nose and throat, out-patients department, 
Roosevelt Hospital; assistant surgeon, out-patients department, 
Polyclinic Hospital; and assistant aural surgeon, New York Eye and 
Ear Infirmary, New York City. He is a member of the New York 
State and New York County Medical societies. 
Dr. Hutchinson married, at Rutland, Vermont, February 15, 1917, 
Edith I., daughter of Hugh Sinclair and Isabelle (Hutchinson) 
Montgomery. Dr. and Mrs. Hutchinson are members of the Presby- 
terian church. 
JJENRY HOWARD WHITEHOUSE, a noted dermatologist, the 
1 1 son of Abraham and Frances (Chaffee) Whitehouse, was born at 
Hartford, Connecticut, April 6,1864. His father was a noted inventor 
and engaged in the mechanical line. His ancestors for generations 
were natives of England. 
Henry Howard Whitehouse attended the graded and high schools 
of his native city, where he was prepared to enter the Sheffield 
Scientific School of Yale University in 1882, and after pursuing the 
regular course was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Philo- 
sophy. At his graduation he presented an original thesis on a biologi- 
cal subject, and was placed on the prize list. He then pursued a post- 
graduate course in physiology, read chemistry under Professor Chit- 
tenden, and upon the completion of this special course, in 1886, 
matriculated in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York 
City, from which he was graduated as a Doctor of Medicine in the 
class of 1889. The next year and a half were spent as interne at the 
Skin and Cancer Hospital, after which he became, for a number of 
years, private assistant to Dr. L. Duncan Bulkley, of New York City. 
In 1891 he became connected with the Skin and Cancer Hospital as 
clinical assistant in the dispensary; afterwards was appointed assistant 
visiting physician, becoming at the same time chief of the clinic of the 
dispensary. During the years 1894 and 1895 he was instructor at the 
Post-Graduate School, later filled a similar position at the De Milt 
Dispensary, having charge of the skin class for a number of years. BIOGRAPHICAL 
361 
He afterwards became connected with the Cornell Medical College in 
the capacity of instructor of dermatology. 
Dr. Whitehouse's contributions to the medical literature of the 
country are written monographs for three groups, "Erythematous, 
Bullous and Pustular Affections of the Skin, ' ' in the ' ' Twentieth Cen- 
tury Practice," published by William Wood and Company in 1896, 
and in Burke's "Reference Hand-Book of Medical Sciences," 1903, 
Vol. Ill, the complete article on eczema. He has also written numer- 
ous other monographs, which have been read before the various 
societies and published in the leading periodicals of the day. He is a 
member of the New York County Medical Society; a fellow of the 
American Medical Association, the American Dermatological Society, 
of the New York Dermatological Society (of which he was president 
in 1901), Society of Dermatology and Genito-Surgery (of which he has 
been treasurer), the Physicians' Mutual Aid Association. He is at- 
tending physician at the Skin and Cancer Hospital, attending dema- 
tologist at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, 
consulting dematologist at St. Mary's Hospital, Hoboken, New Jersey. 
Dr. Whitehouse married, October 11, 1893, Lillian Van Winkle, of 
Brooklyn, New York. His office address is No. 38 East Forty-ninth 
street. 
EJENRY WEITZELL WANDLESS graduated in 1885 from the 
1 1 College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, Maryland, re- 
ceiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He eventually chose New 
York City as the field of operation for his medical practice, and made 
a specialty of treatment of diseases of the eye. Dr. Wandless is a 
fellow of the American Medical Association and the New York 
Academy of Medicine, and a member of the New York State and 
County Medical societies. He is consulting ophthalmologist at the 
Mercy Hospital at Hempstead, and chief ophthalmologist at the Uni- 
versity and Bellevue Hospital Medical College Clinics. His office ad- 
dress is No. 9 East Thirty-ninth Street. 
E) OBERT LEWIS, who has made otology a special study, is the son 
of Robert and Catherine Lewis, and was born in the City of 
New York, March 8, 1862. His preliminary education was obtained in 
the private and public schools, and he then entered the College of the 
City of New York, and subsequently began the study of medicine in 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, from which 
institution he graduated in the class of 1885. Shortly after receiving 
his medical diploma he was appointed an interne of the Randall's 
Island and Infants' hospitals. He served on the staff of these hos- 
pitals for eighteen months, and in January, 1887, received the ap- 
pointment of first house surgeon in the Harlem branch of Bellevue 
Hospital, where he remained until December, 1887, when he estab- 
lished an office in New York City, and engaged in the general practice 
of medicine and surgery. In 1886 he was appointed a clinical assist- 
ant of the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, later advanced to 362 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
assistant surgeon, which position he held until 1892, when he resigned. 
He also was appointed, in 1888, clinical assistant in the ear depart- 
ment of the Vanderbilt Clinic, and in 1896 was appointed instructor 
of otology in the College of Physicians and Surgeons. In 1898 he 
returned to the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, and was appointed 
first a clinical assistant, and six months later an assistant surgeon, 
and in May, 1901, a full surgeon in the aural department. In 1891 
Dr. Lewis began the special practice of otology and rhinology, and 
the following year was admitted into partnership with Dr. Albert H. 
Buck; the latter retired in 1902. 
Dr. Lewis' contributions to medical literature have been liberal, the 
more prominent ones being: "A Remarkable Angioneurosis of the 
Tongue;" "Two Cases of Mastoiditis with Complications;" "A Brief 
History of Five Cases of Mastoiditis;" "A Case of Otitic Brain Ab- 
scess and the Lessons which it Obviously Teaches," and "Compli- 
cations of Chronic Suppuration of the Middle Ear." He also con- 
tributed the chapter on the "Pathological Conditions of the Vault of 
the Pharynx and Nasal Cavities" for the third edition of Dr. Albert 
H. Buck's book on "Diseases of the Ear," and articles on "The Mas- 
toid Operations," "Affections of the Auricle" and the "Anatomy 
and Physiology of the Auricle," published in "The Reference Hand 
Book of the Medical Sciences. ' ' He also contributed to the ' ' American 
Practise of Surgery" an article on "Surgical Diseases and Wounds of 
the Ear." His contributions to medical journals on otology subjects 
are too numerous to itemize. He is consulting otologist to Flushing, 
St. Frances and Sea View hospitals. He is a member of the American 
Otological Society, the New York Otological Society, the American 
Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological societies, the New York 
Academy of Medicine, the American Medical Association, the New 
York State and County Medical societies, the American Society of 
Sanitary and Moral Prophylaxis, National Association for Study and 
Prevention of Tuberculosis, the American Geographical Society, the 
Metropolitan Museum of Art, Hospital Graduates' Club. His social 
clubs are: The Century, Columbia University, Phi Gamma Delta and 
the Laurentian. Dr. Lewis has always taken a deep interest in the 
various sociological questions of the day, and holds advanced ideas 
upon many of the disputed problems. He is also much interested in 
the country and in country life, and in architecture as it pertains to 
the country home. His country home is located at Northport, Long 
Island. 
Dr. Lewis married, in New York City, August 29, 1892, Lillie B. 
Graham, and their children are: Robert Graham, Hallett Nixon and 
Gwendolyn. Dr. Lewis' New York City address is No. 48 West 
Fortieth Street. 
T^DWARD M. DOOLEY, M.D.-Coming from the State of Connec- 
ticut to Western New York to complete his education at Niagara 
University, Dr. Dooley never again became a resident of his native BIOGRAPHICAL 
363 
State, but when his degree had been conferred he located in Buffalo, 
New York, and there engaged in active practice and has become one 
of the honored practitioners of that city, specializing in surgery, and 
eminent in that branch of his profession. 
Dr. Dooley was born at Meriden, Connecticut, August 25, 1860, and 
there completed the grade and high school courses of study. He then 
entered St. John's College, Fordham, New York, but on account of ill 
health was forced to leave at the termination of a two years' course, 
and he did not again take up his studies for a period of five years, 
when he entered Niagara University, there completing his classical 
education. Deciding upon the medical profession, he entered the 
medical department of Niagara University, whence he was graduated 
with the degree of Doctor of Medicine, class of 1890. The year follow- 
ing his graduation he was the regularly appointed resident surgeon at 
Buffalo Hospital Sisters of Charity, after which he began the private 
practice of his profession with offices on Louisiana street. Dr. Dooley 
was a consultant in surgery, and Professor of Anatomy in the Medi- 
cal School, Niagara University, for eight years, and at the present 
time, 1918, is attending surgeon at the Buffalo Hospital Sisters of 
Charity and the Mercy Hospital, and consulting surgeon at the 
Widows and Orphans Home, his services in both these institutions 
being of inestimable value to all connected therewith, his cheerfulness 
and kindly feeling being great factors in the successful management 
and conduct of the same. He endears himself in large measure to the 
sick and afflicted, who welcome his coming. He keeps in touch with 
the advance in all lines of his profession by membership in the Acad- 
emy of Medicine, the Erie County Medical Society and the American 
Medical Association. The profession of medicine is one of the most 
noble and self-sacrificing that a person can choose, and if carried out 
faithfully and conscientiously, as in the case of Dr. Edward M. Dooley, 
must redound to their credit and win for them the esteem and grati- 
tude of all to whom they minister. The career of Dr. Dooley is well 
worthy of emulation. 
J7RANK ELLIOTT WEST, dean of the medical staff of Long Island 
College, and who for thirty-eight years has occupied a chair in 
that institution, is well-fitted for the profession which he has chosen 
as a life work. He was born in Pittsfield, June 8, 1850, son of John 
Chapman and Maria L. (Goodrich) West. 
Dr. Frank E. West obtained a practical education in the public 
schools of Pittsfield, and this was amplified by attendance at Grey- 
lock Institute and Williams College, from which latter institution he 
was graduated in the class of 1872, and is a member of the Alpha Delta 
Phi. After his graduation he turned his attention to the study of law, 
placing himself under the competent instruction of Messrs. Bowerman 
and Willcox, but this not proving exactly to his liking, he took up 
the study of medicine with Drs. Paddock and Adams, two of the most 
eminent physicians in Western Massachusetts, and under their instruc- 364 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
tion he made rapid progress, and in addition he also attended lectures 
at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City and at 
the Long Island College, and graduated from the latter institution in 
the year 1876. The following year he spent as an interne at the Long 
Island College, thereby materially adding to his store of knowledge 
by practical experience, and at the expiration of his interneship he 
engaged in the general practice of his profession, in which he was 
successful. Shortly afterward he was appointed to a chair in the 
Long Island College, and from 1878 to 1885 he taught physical diag- 
nosis and diseases of the heart and kidneys. In 1886 he was appointed 
to the chair of Professor of Therapeutics and Clinical Medicine, and 
has occupied that chair up to the present time, a period of three dec- 
ades. Since 1880 he has served in the capacities of visiting physician 
of the Long Island College, dean of the hospital faculty, visiting phy- 
sician of the Brooklyn Hospital for several years, and also of the Kings 
County Hospital, and consulting physician in many other hospitals, 
in all of which he has rendered efficient service. He practically retired 
from his general practice some years ago and now specializes in 
diseases of the heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys, also nervous diseases, 
and along these lines has been signally successful, owing to his thor- 
ough preparation and the earnestness with which he applies himself to 
each and every case. In no department of professional activity has 
there been greater advancement than in medicine and surgery, and 
with the progress and improvements Dr. West has kept in close 
touch, so that he is one of the most able exponents of the more im- 
proved methods and practices. He has also written extensively on 
medical subjects and his articles have appeared in medical and other 
journals and have elicited considerable praise. He holds membership 
in the Brooklyn Pathological Society; Allied Physicians of Long 
Island; New York Academy of Medicine; New York State Medical 
Society; Kings County Medical Society, of which he was president in 
1891, and refused renomination, was trustee of the same for ten years, 
chairman of the board eight years, and chairman of the building 
committee that erected the present building, the third largest Medical 
Library building in the United States, the American Medical Associa- 
tion and many others. He is a member of the Pathological and Uni- 
versity clubs in Brooklyn, and the Country Club in Pittsfield. The 
success attained by Dr. West is due to no inherited fortune or to any 
succession of advantageous circumstances, but to his own energy and 
will, his thoroughness and efficiency, his studious habits, and above all 
his sterling integrity. He possesses a perfect appreciation of the 
higher ethics of life, and has gained and retained the confidence and 
respect of his fellowmen, and is distinctively one of the leading citi- 
zens and prominent medical authorities of Brooklyn, with whose inter- 
ests he is prominently identified. 
Dr. West married, June 10, 1896, Mary V. Cable, of Brooklyn, New 
York, and they are the parents of one child, Frank Elliott, Jr., born 
in Brooklyn, April 24, 1897, the year 1915, a student in the Choate 
School, preparing for entrance to Williams College. BIOGRAPHICAL 
365 
WARTIN COHEN, a graduate of the College of Physicians and 
1 1 Surgeons of New York City, class of 1898, after receiving his 
license to practice, opened an office in upper New York, locating at 
the Hotel Avon, corner of Madison avenue and One Hundred and 
Sixteenth Street. Dr. Cohen in the early part of his medical career 
made a study of diseases of the eye, ear and throat, and in the course 
of time he specialized in these diseases. He is a member of the New 
York State and County Medical societies, a fellow of the American 
Medical Association, the American College of Surgeons, the New 
York Academy of Medicine, also of the National and State societies 
interested in ophthalmology, otology and laryngology. Dr. Cohen is 
ophthalmologist at the New York Post Graduate Medical School and 
Hospital, the Harlem Hospital, and at the New York City Children's 
Hospital and Schools at Randall's Island. He is located at present at 
No. 1 West Eighty-fifth Street. 
VV7TLLIAM P. HEALY received, in 1900, his degree of Doctor of 
r ¥ Medicine from the medical department of Johns Hopkins Uni- 
versity of Baltimore, Maryland. He eventually settled in New York 
City in the practice of his profession, and is at present located at No. 
46 East Eighty-third street. He specializes in the practice of Ob- 
stetrics. Dr. Healy is a member of the New York State and County 
Medical societies; a fellow of the American Medical Association, the 
American College of Surgeons, of the American Obstetrical Society, 
a member of the Alumni Association of City Hospital, and of the 
Roosevelt Hospital Alumni Association. He is a member of the medi- 
cal staff of Fordham Hospital, Misericordia Hospital and Training 
School for Nurses of New York City, and the Sea View Hospital at 
Castleton Corners, Staten Island. 
T OHN JAMES COLLINS, of Brooklyn, was born in North Adams, 
Massachusetts, August 30, 1872, and is a son of Timothy and Mary 
(Malloy) Collins. His early education was gained in the public schools 
of his native town, going from there to Holy Cross College, Worcester, 
Massachusetts, from which he was graduated in 1894 with the degree 
of Bachelor of Arts. Ten years later his alma mater conferred upon 
him the degree of Master of Arts. His professional education was 
obtained at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia Uni- 
versity, from which he was graduated in 1898 with the degree of Doc- 
tor of Medicine. He served an interneship of eighteen months in St. 
Mary's Hospital, Brooklyn, and then entered upon the practice of 
his profession in the same city. Here he has since remained, giving 
especial attention to internal medicine. He is associate visiting phy- 
sician at St. Mary's Hospital, and assistant attending physician at the 
Kings County Hospital. He has written a number of papers relating 
to the diseases and treatment of the heart and lungs, which have been 
presented before scientific organizations and subsequently published in 
the medical journals and in pamphlet form. 
Dr. Collins is a medical officer, with the rank of lieutenant, in the 366 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Twenty-third Regiment, National Guard, of the State of New York. 
He is a member of the Medical Society of the County of Kings, of 
the Medical Society of the State of New York, of the American Medi- 
cal Association, of the Internal Medical Society, of the Brooklyn Path- 
ological Society, of the Associated Physicians of Long Island, and of 
the St. Mary's Hospital Alumni Association. Outside of his profes- 
sional affiliations he is a member of the Crescent Athletic Club, and 
of the St. Albans Golf Club. He is a member of Our Lady of Victory 
Catholic Church. 
JOHN JOSEPH ALOYSIUS O'REILLY was born in Brooklyn, 
April 9, 1871, the son of Michael and Marcella (Keenan) O'Reilly, 
who came to this country from Ireland. He received his early educa- 
tion at St. Peter's Academy, going from there to St. Francis Col- 
lege, and latterly becoming a student at the Long Island College Hos- 
pital, from which he was graduated in 1901 with the degree of Doctor 
of Medicine. He entered upon the practice of his profession in 
Brooklyn, where he has since remained. Though his work was at 
first of a general nature, he has devoted himself specially as time has 
gone on to medicine in its legal bearings. Even before his gradua- 
tion he had made an especial study of pathology, and since that time 
he has carried his researches further along that line. This work was 
done in the Brooklyn Hospital, the Hoagland Laboratory, and the 
Polhemus Clinic, while his private practice has also been affected by 
his investigations in this department of medical work. From 1905 to 
1912 Dr. O'Reilly was the medical consultant in the district attorney's 
office of Kings county, where he rendered service of great value. Dur- 
ing that period he was pursuing studies in the Brooklyn Law School 
and at the Law School of St. Lawrence University, and upon com- 
pletion of his studies he was admitted to the bar, in 1909. This made 
possible his examining witnesses in the cases that hinged upon evi- 
dence of a medical nature, and became such an important asset in his 
particular type of work that since leaving the district attorney's of- 
fice he has been employed in a large number of notable eases in New 
York City and its vicinity. 
Dr. O'Reilly has also been a lecturer on the legal aspects of medi- 
cine in the Brooklyn Law School since 1913, and has been editor of 
the legal medicine column of the International Journal of Surgery 
since May, 1916. He has been called upon to present papers on his 
specialty before scientific organizations, and among these may be men- 
tioned: "The Doctor on the Witness-stand," read at a meeting of the 
Pennsylvania Railway Surgeons' Association; and "The Problem of 
the Medical Expert Witness," read at a meeting of the American Medi- 
cal Editors' Association. Based upon his investigations for these 
monographs, he has prepared for publication a treatise on the sub- 
ject of legal medicine and medical evidence, which will be unique 
in character and of the greatest value to all interested in litigation 
either from the legal or the medical standpoint. Dr. 0 'Reilly became 
a member of the America Council of the Knights of Columbus about BIOGRAPHICAL 
367 
twenty-five years ago, and also held the office of deputy grand knight 
for one year. That council has been merged with Bedford Council, 
of which he is a fourth degree member. 
Dr. O'Reilly married, November 27, 1902, Mary Hay de, of Brook- 
lyn, and they have had five children: Marian, Margaret, John Rus- 
sell, and Donald, the last of whom died in infancy. Dr. O'Reilly 
and his family are members of St. Agnes Roman Catholic Church. 
T7DWARD EUGENE HALEY, M.D., was born in Buffalo, New 
York, January 16, 1878, son of Edward J. and Maria (McCarthy) 
Haley. He received his early education in the public and parochial 
schools of his native city, and after graduating from the High School 
he entered the medical department of the University of Buffalo, from 
which he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1902. He 
then served an interneship at the Buffalo Hospital and at the Sisters' 
of Charity Hospital, this period covering the year 1902-03. The 
following year he gave a term of work at the Emergency Hospital, 
and still another at the Riverside Hospital, Buffalo. 
Dr. Haley's practice has been of a general kind, with marked at- 
tention to the lines of obstetrics and gynecology. He now holds the 
position of obstetrician at St. Mary's Hospital, and is also associated 
with the Lafayette General Hospital. He has rendered service in the 
United States Public Health Department and Marine Hospital dur- 
ing the year 1905. Dr. Haley is a writer of ability and a frequent 
contributor of stories and poetry, among the periodicals in which his 
work has appeared being the Occidental Magazine, the De Courville 
College Magazine, the Catholic Union and Times, and also the daily 
papers. He is a member of the Erie County Medical Society, the 
Academy of Medicine, the American Medical Association, and the 
Knights of Columbus. He is the medical examiner of the Catholic 
Mutual Benefit Association; Ladies' Catholic Benefit Association, 
and the National Union Assurance Society. He holds membership in 
the Order of Alhambra. 
Dr. Haley married M. Maud Argus, daughter of Francis X. and 
Mary (Heims) Argus. 
A DONIRAM JUDSON QUIMBY.-Among the younger members 
of the medical fraternity of New York City is Adoniram Jud- 
son Quimby. He was a member of the class of 1905 of the Ohio 
Medical School, and from this institution he received his degree of 
Doctor of Medicine. Dr. Quimby is a fellow of the American Medi- 
cal Association, the American Roentgen Ray Association; the Gastro- 
Enterological Society; a member of the New York State and County 
Medical societies. He is connected with the staff of the New York 
Polyclinic Medical School and Hospital, the New York Foundling 
Hospital and the St. Mary's Hospital at Hoboken, New Jersey. His 
present office address is No. 40 East Forty-first Street. 368 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
NTELSOX ORVIN BROOKS was born in Peterboro, New York, 
June 13, 1868, and is a son of William E. and Mary E. Brooks. 
His father was a farmer, and his early education was gained at the 
local schools. He was sent later to Cazenovia Seminary, and after he 
had decided upon a medical career he entered on his professional 
studies at the University of Buffalo, from which he was graduated 
in 1894 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He began his prac- 
tice in Perryville, New York, in 1894, remaining there until 1902, 
when he removed to Oneida, which place he has made his residence 
and the field of his work. A general practice has in his case led 
gradually to specialization, and his attention has been devoted in 
later years to internal medicine and obstetrics. He is chairman of 
the section of obstetrics in the Broad Street Hospital, Oneida, and 
besides being a member of the medical department he is an associate 
trustee of the institution. He was the coroner of Madison county 
from 1903 to 1912. At the present time he is the Assistant County 
Bacteriologist, and County Health Officer. He is also the medical 
member of the Local Exemption Board. Dr. Brooks is a member of 
the Medical Society of Oneida County, and its treasurer, and he is 
also the treasurer of the Fifth District of the Medical Society of the 
State of New York. He was a delegate to the American Medical 
Association, and is a member of the Central New York Medical Asso- 
ciation, and of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine. He belongs to 
the Thursday Night Medical Club of Oneida, and is a chapter Mason, 
and an Odd Fellow, and holds membership in the Order of the For- 
esters, the Maccabees, and the Moose. He is a member of the Oneida 
Chamber of Commerce, of the Fishers and Anglers Association, and 
of the Oneida Golf Club. 
Dr. Brooks married, in Oneida, in October, 1894, Aileen Campbell, 
daughter of Ambrose and Anna Campbell, and they have two chil- 
dren: Leroy E., and Ruth A. He and his family are members of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. 
TJENRY MOFFAT was born at Princeton, New Jersey, December 
1 1 20, 1855, and is the son of James Clement and Mary B. (Mat- 
thews) Moffat. His father was the Professor of Church History at 
the Princeton Theological Seminary, having previously held a pro- 
fessorship in the University itself. Dr. Moffat was educated at the 
Edge Hill School of Princeton, proceeding from there to Princeton 
University, from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts 
in 1875. In 1878 a further course of post-graduate work brought him 
his Master of Arts. He then entered upon his professional studies, 
choosing to do this work at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of 
Columbia. From this he was graduated in 1881 with the degree of 
Doctor of Medicine. He served an interneship of two years, 1881-83, 
at St. Luke's Hospital, establishing himself for the opening of his 
professional activities in Yonkers in 1883. Here he has remained 
continuously ever since. He is the chairman of the executive com- 
mittee of the medical staff of St. Joseph's Hospital, as well as the BIOGRAPHICAL 
369 
attending surgeon, having held the latter post since 1890. He is 
also consulting surgeon of the Tarrytown and Ossining hospitals. Be- 
tween 1900 and 1903 he served as the Commissioner of Health of 
Yonkers, and is at present a member of the Second District Local 
Exemption Board of Yonkers. Since 1911 he has been the president 
of the Municipal Tuberculosis Commission and chairman of the Medi- 
cal Committee of the Sprain Ridge Tuberculosis Hospital. Although, 
as is seen by these activities, his duties call him in many different 
directions, his specialties are surgery and gyneacology. Besides these 
calls he also has found time for a number of papers which have 
appeared in the medical journals. 
Dr. Moffat is a member of the American Medical Association, of 
the New York Academy of Medicine, of the Medical Society of West- 
chester county, and of the Jenkins Medical Society, a semi-social local 
organization. He is also a fellow of the American College of Sur- 
geons. He is a member of St. Luke's Alumni Association, of the 
University Club of New York City, of the Princeton Club of New 
York City, of the Nassau Club of Princeton, and is a charter member 
of the St. Andrew's Golf Club. He is a member of St. Paul's Protes- 
tant Episcopal Church. 
Dr. Moffat married, October 14, 1885, in Yonkers, Edith Bogart, 
daughter of Richwood W. and Mary (De Anglis) Bogart. They have 
a son, Stanley Matthews Moffat, born March 30, 1891, who is a lawyer 
in New York City. 
J OHN ALLAN WYETH, M.D., LL.D.,* son of Louis Weiss and 
** Euphemia (Allan) Wyeth, was born at Missionary Station, Mar- 
shall county, Alabama, May 26, 1845. Descended from Welsh, Scotch, 
English and German ancestors who settled in America, the grand- 
father of each of his parents fought in the Revolutionary War for 
the Independence of the Colonies. 
Nicholas Wyeth (or Wythe, as the name appears in some of the 
earlier records) and a brother, came from England to America in 
1630; the former settling at New Town (Newton) near Boston, Massa- 
chusetts, the latter joining the colonists of Virginia.1 
According to Paige's History of Cambridge, Nicholas Wyeth, 
"about 1640, became the owner of a landed estate at Cambridge, 
* This narrative was compiled for the Department of Archives and History of 
the State of Alabama by Marion J. Verdery, president of the New York Southern 
Society. 
1 ' ' The Virginia branch of this family became extinct at the death of George 
Wythe, LL. D., who was an only child, born in 1726, died childless in 1806, and 
was buried in St. John's churchyard, in Richmond, Virginia. He was the first 
Chancellor of Virginia; the friend and counsellor of George Washington, member 
of the House of Burgesses, a signer of the Declaration of Independence and Pro- 
fessor of Law in William and Mary College. John Marshall, Thomas Jefferson, 
James Monroe and Henry Clay were law pupils in his office, the latter in his 
earlier youth serving as his private secretary. He emancipated his slaves and 
made liberal provision for their subsistence. Thomas Jefferson wrote of him as 
"The honor of his own and model of all future times." 370 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
which for more than two centuries remained in possession of his de- 
scendents in the male line." Wyeth street, near Harvard College, is 
named in his honor. 
Ebenezer Wyeth, great-grandson of Nicholas Wyeth, was born in 
Cambridge, April 8, 1727, and died there August 4, 1799. This man 
(great-grandfather of our subject) was a farmer, and from 1781 to 
1790 served as "Selectman" (one of the governors) of Cambridge 
township. He, two of his sons and two nephews were of the seventy- 
five men of Captain Samuel Thatcher's company who attacked the 
British at or near Concord Bridge on their retreat from Lexington. 
It was of this fight that Emerson wrote the immortal lines: 
Here once the embattled farmers stood 
And fired the shot heard round the World. 
Paige's History says: "In commemoration of their patriotism I 
insert a Muster Roll of this company which marched on the alarm, 
April 19, 1775." Thatcher's company became a part of the regiment 
of Colonel Thomas Gardner, who was mortally wounded in the battle 
of Bunker Hill, and died July 3, 1775. 
John Allan Wyeth was educated at the common school at Gunters- 
ville, which he attended until January, 1861, when he became a cadet 
at La Grange Military Academy (La Grange College), in Franklin 
(now Colbert) county, Alabama. Here he remained for one year, 
when on account of the Civil War this college was closed. In 1862 
he served with a company of Partisan Rangers and with Quirk's 
Scouts of General John H. Morgan's cavalry, and from April, 1863, 
to the surrender in April, 1865, was a private in Company I (Rus- 
sel's regiment) Fourth Alabama Cavalry. He was present in the 
engagements at Law's Landing, June 7, 1862; Glasgow, Bear Wallou, 
Upton's Station, Elizabethtown, Muldrough's Hill and Rolling Fork, 
December 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29, 1862; Shelbyville, Tennessee, 
June 27, 1863; Morris' Ford, Elk River, and Winchester, June 2; in a 
series of skirmishes preceding the battle of Chickamauga, and in this 
battle, September 18, 19 and 20, 1863, and September 21, in Mc- 
Lemores Cove. He took part in the action at Cottonport, September 
30, and in the capture of General Rosecrans' great supply train in 
Sequatchie Valley, October 2, 1863. Taken prisoner, October 4, 1863, 
he was confined at Camp Morton, Indiana, until exchanged in April, 
1865. In 1866 and 1867 he was engaged in farming in Alabama, be- 
gan the study of medicine and graduated from the medical depart- 
ment of the University of Louisville in April, 1869. Impressed with 
the importance of a thorough laboratory and practical clinical train- 
ing under the guidance of expert instructors as a pre-requisite to 
practice, in order to secure the means to take this course of study, 
for three years he served as pilot and captain of the steamer 
Converse. 
In October, 1872, he resumed his professional studies in New York 
City, receiving the degree ad eundem in March, 1873, at Bellevue Hos- BIOGRAPHICAL 
371 
pital Medical College, in which institution in April of this year he 
was appointed Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy. In 1874 he was 
made Prosector to the Chair of Anatomy, and in 1875 instructor for 
the Faculty. On account of a long and severe illness which incapaci- 
tated him for work for nearly two years, he resigned from Bellevue 
College and visited the medical centers of Europe. 
In 1880 he was appointed Visiting Surgeon to Mount Sinai Hospital 
and Consulting Surgeon to St. Elizabeth Hospital. In 1881 he 
founded and became surgeon-in-chief and later president of the 
Medical Faculty of the New York Polyclinic Medical School and 
Hospital, the first Post-Graduate Medical Organization in America, 
which has grown to be one of the largest and most successful teach- 
ing institutions in the United States. 
In 1885 and again in 1886 he was elected president of the New York 
Pathological Society; 1893, first vice-president, and in 1901 president 
of the American Medical Association, having in 1900 been elected 
president of the New York State Medical Association. In the same 
year the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred upon him 
by the University of Alabama; and in 1908 the same by the University 
of Maryland. In 1907 and again in 1908 he was elected president 
of the New York Southern Society, and from 1907 to 1911 was 
president of the New York Academy of Medicine. In 1913 the Hos- 
pital Alliance of Greater New York elected him their president, as 
did the Alabama Society. 
Dr. Wyeth is the author of a "Hand-book of Medical and Surgical 
Reference" (1875); an essay on "Dextral Preference (or Right 
Handedness) in Man" (1875) and a "Monograph on Minor Surgery" 
(1876). In this same year he was awarded the Bellevue Hospital 
Medical College Alumni Association Prize for "The best essay on 
any subject connected with surgery or surgical pathology," his sub- 
ject being "Amputation at the Ankle Joint." In 1878 he was 
awarded the first prize of the American Medical Association for an 
essay on "The Surgical Anatomy and Surgery of the Carotid Ar- 
teries," and received the second prize of the same association (1878) 
for an essay on the "Surgical Anatomy and Surgery of the Innomi- 
nate and Subclavian Arteries." At this time he published an essay 
on the "Obturator Arteries and the Importance of their Relation to 
Hernia," and later a pamphlet on "Surapublic Cystotomy, with a 
Report of Sixty Cases," and "Osteoplastic Operations for the Correc- 
tion of Deformities of the Alveolar Arch and for Cleft Palate and 
Hare-lip;" "Removal of the Lower Jaw from Within the Mouth 
Without External Incision," and an essay on "The Surgical Treat- 
ment of Aneurisms of the Arch of the Aorta, Innominate, Subclavian 
and Carotid Arteries by the Distal Ligature," and "Some Original 
Researches on the Occlusion of Arteries by Cell Proliferation." In 
1886 he published the first recorded case of the cure of Sarcoma by 
Streptococcus Infection. In 1890 he made public his "Bloodless 
Method of Amputation at the Shoulder and Hip Joints," and in 
1903 "A New Method of Treating Inoperable Vascular Tumors by 372 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
the Injection into their substance of Water at a High Temperature." 
In 1895 he delivered an oration on J. Marion Sims and his work 
before the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association at Wash- 
ington, and an address on Medical Education before the Mississippi 
Valley Medical Association at Louisville in 1890. In 1896 he pub- 
lished the first edition of his "Text-Book on Surgery," which in 1909 
has passed through four separate editions. In 1901, at St. Paul, he 
delivered the "Oration on Surgery" before the American Medical 
Association, and the "President's Address" before the same Asso- 
ciation at Saratoga in 1902. 
Among his contributions to other than professional literature are: 
An article in the Century Magazine for April, 1891, entitled "Cold 
Cheer in Camp Morton," a narrative of prison life from October, 
1863, to February, 1865; a historical sketch in Harper's Magazine, 
November, 1892, entitled "Nathaniel J. Wyeth and the Struggle for 
Oregon." In Harper's Weekly, 1898, "General Wheeler's Leap," a 
sketch of the battle of Shelbyville, June 27, 1863; a series of articles 
on "General N. B. Forrest at Fort Donelson;" "The Capture of 
Colonel A. D. Straight and his Entire Command;" "The Storming 
of Fort Pillow;" "Forest at Brice's Cross Roads," all in Harper's 
Magazine, 1889. In Vol. IV of the History of the Civil War, pub- 
lished in 1912, is given by him the narration of an expedition through 
the Union Lines at Chickamauga, a sketch of General John H. Mor- 
gan's "Christmas Raid" and General Wheeler's capture of Rose- 
crans' Wagon Train in Sequatchie Valley, October 2, 1863. In 1899 
his "Life of General Nathan Bedford Forrest" was published by 
Harper and Brothers, a second edition being issued in 1908. In 1907 
he published his history of La Grange Military Academy and the 
Cadet Corps, and later a volume by the Harpers, entitled "With 
Saber and Scalpel, the Autobiography of a Soldier and Surgeon." 
To the foregoing enclyclopedic record of his ancestry and achieve- 
ments there remains to be added only a brief appreciation of his 
personality. His bearing is so exceedingly modest that a stranger 
would never suspect his distinction. His sterling manhood combines 
with an exquisite gentleness of nature to make him kind, considerate 
and generous. His heart is true to the impulses of sympathy and 
tenderness, his nerve is equal to the demand of the highest courage, 
and his mind reflects the beauty of culture and the power of truth. 
His uncompromising integrity and exalted sense of honor harmonize 
well with the exactness of his science and the mobility of his profes- 
sion. His character, as a whole, bespeaks the superiority of his 
lineage and his brilliant achievements testify not only to his genius 
but to the inestimable value of his conscientious labors for the relief 
of human suffering. High minded, pure hearted, and gentle tempered, 
he commands confidence, inspires admiration and compels love. 
Dr. Wyeth married, April 10, 1886, Florence Nightingale Sims, who 
died in 1915. Their three children: Florence Sims, graduated from 
Barnard College, Columbia University, 1909; Marion Sims, Princeton, 
1910; and John Allan, Jr., Princeton, class of 1915. Both sons were BIOGRAPHICAL 
373 
lieutenants and served to the close of hostilities in the war against 
Germany in the American Expeditionary Forces. 
(Marion J. Verdery). 
A/T ARTIN JOHN ECHEVERRIA, a successful physician and sur- 
1 1 geon of New York City, specialist in genito-urinary diseases, 
and instructor of genito-urinary diseases at Cornell Medical School, 
Cornell University, was horn in Panama, Columbia, on October 25, 
1863, son of John Martin and Micaela (de Ycaza) Echeverria, his 
father having been a graduate of Bogota College and the Ecole de 
Medicine, Paris, France, and having practiced his profession in Paris, 
and later in Panama. The family, which was of good standing in 
Columbia, was originally of Spanish origin. 
Martin John Echeverria was educated in the arts and letters in 
Cartagena, Columbia, and in 1897 came to New Haven, Connecticut, 
where he entered General Russell's Collegiate and Commercial Col- 
lege, so that he might acquire a thorough knowledge of the English 
language, which, stated a contemporary biographer, ''he mastered in 
an incredibly short period of time." Early in the year 1881, 
Echeverria entered the Sheffield Scientific School at Yale, where he 
advanced promisingly during his first year, at the expiration of 
which he was, however, for family reasons, forced to temporarily 
discontinue his scientific studies. He was in New York City in 1884, 
and matriculated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia 
University, with the intention of pursuing the prescribed medical 
course of the college, and of ultimately graduating thereat, and 
entering the medical profession, but he was called to Paris, France, 
where his parents at that time were, and in the hospitals and clinics of 
Paris, Martin John Echeverria continued his studies of medicine for 
three years, returning to New York City in 1887, and immediately 
thereafter resuming his interrupted course at the College of Physi- 
cians and Surgeons, from which he eventually graduated, in 1889, 
receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine as of the class of 1890. 
For the eighteen months immediately following his graduation, Dr. 
Echeverria was an interne in the medical division of the Bellevue 
Hospital, where he gained much practical knowledge, so that in 1892 
he was well qualified as an able physician and surgeon, and in that 
year opened office in New York City for general private practice, 
which he has since maintained with increasing prestige and patron- 
age. The ' ' History of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, ' ' pub- 
lished in 1909 under the editorship of John Shrady, A.M., M.D., of 
the New York Medico-Historic Society, contains the following refer- 
ence to Dr. Martin John Echeverria, p. 408, vol. 11: 
"He is quick to adopt new and improved methods, and a sound judgment 
enables him to discern with accuracy what will really prove of benefit among 
the theories that are continually advanced in relation to the treatment and care 
of disease." 
Concurrently with his many years of private practice, Dr. Eche- 
verria has held professional association with the staffs of some of the 374 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
city's leading hospitals, and has established himself in general esteem 
of the profession by his proficiency as an educator, and by his research 
into the problems of treating diseases of the genito-urinary organs. 
For some years prior to 1897, Dr. Echeverria was identified, as visit- 
ing physician, with the French Hospital, and later was assistant sur- 
geon to the first surgical division of the Bellevue Hospital, New York, 
and for almost twenty years he has been assistant surgeon to the City 
Hospital, which appointment he still retains; he is the attending 
genito-urinary surgeon to the New York Dispensary, and was the at- 
tending physician for a number of years in the children's department 
of outdoor patients of Bellevue Hospital. He was for many years 
Instructor of genito-Urinary Diseases in the Post-Graduate Medical 
School, and holds similar professorial capacity at Cornell University 
Medical School. Dr. Echeverria belongs to the following medical 
organizations: American Medical Association; the Medical Society of 
the State of New York; the New York County Medical Association; 
the American Association of Genito-Urinary Surgeons; and the Amer- 
ican Urological Society. He married, at Liberty, Sullivan county, 
New York, on July 30, 1884, Henrietta Christiana Grosz, of New York. 
They have one child, a son, Frederick John, who graduated at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons as a Doctor of Medicine in 1909, 
and holds several important hospital appointments. 
T AMES FRANKLIN NAGLE, a young physician who is doing good 
** work in New York City, and who is at present on the medical 
staffs of four New York City hospitals, the Bellevue, Willard Parker, 
River, and the Ruptured and Crippled, was born at Turner Falls, 
Massachusetts, in 1880. Dr. Nagle completed his general education 
by taking the high school course at the Chicopee High School, from 
which he graduated in 1899. Soon afterwards he came to New York 
City, so that he might become a student of medicine at the University 
and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York University. As a 
student his record is praiseworthy, and in 1903, having graduated and 
thus gained his medical degree, he secured appointment to the house 
staff of Bellevue Hospital, where he remained an interne for eighteen 
months, benefiting much by the experience. 
In 1905 Dr. Nagle established himself in private practice in New 
York City, and also in that year became instructor in bandaging at 
the University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College. His association 
with the faculty of that medical college has continued. He also 
formed many hospital connections, at first becoming attending physi- 
cian of the medical department of the Bellevue Hospital, out-patient 
department, and to-day holding staff positions at four important New 
York City hospitals, being assistant attending physician to the Belle- 
vue Hospital, to the Willard Parker Hospital, to the River Hospital, 
and to the Ruptured and Crippled Hospital. Dr. Nagle is a member 
of the American Medical Association, the Medical Society of the State 
of New York; the New York County Medical Society; the New York 
Academy of Medicine, and the Alumni Association of Bellevue Hos- BIOGRAPHICAL 
375 
pital. He is the author of some papers which have been published 
in medical journals. Dr. Nagle, whose office is at No. 16 West Fifty- 
fourth Street, New York City, engages in general practice. 
I£DWARD DIX FISHER, well-known alienist and neurologist of 
New York City, and member of the faculty of New York Univer- 
sity in his office of Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases at the 
University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, was born in New 
York City in 1856. He concluded his academic education by taking 
the degree of Bachelor of Arts at the College of the City of New 
York, in 1875, immediately thereafter taking up the study of medicine, 
and becoming a medical student at the University of New York, where 
he intelligently followed the lectures and demonstrations, and assidu- 
ously pursued the theoretical study, also as an undergraduate observ- 
ing much clinical work, ultimately graduating well, in the class of 
1878, and being awarded the degree of Doctor of Medicine. 
He thereupon entered into the practice of his profession in New 
York City, and formed many hospital connections, and also undertook 
extensive research in the branch of medicine of which he has since 
become a specialist of recognized authority. For many years he has 
been alienist and neurologist at Bellevue Hospital, consulting physi- 
cian to the Manhattan State Hospital for the Insane, and to the New 
York Skin and Cancer and the Columbus hospitals; also physician to 
the Hospital for Incurables, B. I.; pathologist to the New York City 
Insane Asylum; neurologist to the St. Vincent's Hospital, and the 
University and Bellevue Hospital Dispensary; and visiting physician 
of City Hospital. 
As an instructor and lecturer, Dr. Fisher has had much success, 
and many of the leading physicians of the country have benefited 
much by the lectures of Dr. Fisher. He was Professor of Nervous 
and Mental Diseases at the University of Vermont, and since has been 
Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases at the University and 
Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York University, during his 
connection with these two universities having been preceptor of a 
considerable number of American physicians of to-day. 
Dr. Fisher has written much on medical subjects, mainly upon the 
branch of medical science in which he has attained such high standing, 
and numerous articles from his pen have been published in medical 
journals. 
Dr. Fisher is identified with many of the principal medical asso- 
ciations and allied organizations, among which may be mentioned: 
The New York Neurological Association; the New York Pathological 
Society; the New York Academy of Medicine; the New York Physi- 
cians' Mutual Aid Association; the American Medical Association; 
the American Neurological Association; the American Therapeutic 
Association; the Medical Society of the State of New York; the New 
York County Medical Association, and the Alumni Society of Belle- 
vue Hospital. He also belongs to the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, 
and to the University and Union League clubs. Also, by reason of his 376 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
ancestral connection, he is a member of the New England Society of 
New York. 
^JEYMOUR OPPENHEIMER, a New York City specialist in dis- 
eases of the nose, throat, and ear, associate attending otologist to 
the Mount Sinai Hospital, and consulting otologist and laryngologist 
to other leading hospitals of New York City, and an author of an ex- 
haustive and important work on the ' ' Surgical Treatment of Chronic 
Suppuration of the Middle and Mastoid," was born in New York City 
in 1870, the son of Marcus and Maura (Simonson) Oppenheimer. His 
education was mainly obtained in New York City until he gained his 
degree of Doctor of Medicine, which came to him by his successful 
and creditable graduation in medicine from the University Medical 
College of the University of New York, class of 1890. Thereafter, for 
two years, Dr. Oppenheimer worked earnestly and observantly as an 
interne at the Harlem Hospital during his service on the house staff 
of that institution, making rapid strides in his research, which took 
the direction of otology, in which branch of medicine he hoped later 
to be able to specialize. During 1904-05, Dr. Oppenheimer, who had in 
the interim since his admission to practice in 1890 obtained extensive 
hospital experience in New York institutions, went abroad for research 
work, and took post-graduate courses in hospitals and clinics of the 
leading medical centres of Europe, studying at Vienna, Berlin, Frie- 
burg, London, and Paris. Returning to New York City, he resumed 
his practice and hospital appointments, and enhanced his reputation 
by his practice and writings. Among the hospitals with which Dr. 
Oppenheimer has been identified in staff positions may be noted: The 
Bellevue Hospital, New York City, to the dispensary of which insti- 
tution he acted as laryngologist during the years 1892-1902; the Har 
Moriah Hospital, to which he is at present consulting otologist and 
laryngologist, the Gouverneur Hospital, to which he has been otologist 
and laryngologist since 1902; to Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, 
of which he is associate attending otologist, also being laryngologist 
and otologist to the dispensary of the hospital, an appointment he has 
held since 1904; Hebrew Infant Asylum, and Hebrew Sheltering 
Guardian Society's Orphan Asylum, to both of which institutions he 
has been consulting otologist and laryngologist for many years. He 
is also similarly connected with the Philanthropin and Monmouth 
Memorial hospitals, and these numerous appointments have brought 
him a very wide knowledge of his specialty, and his grasp of these 
branches of medicine has been amply manifested by his success in 
practice, and emphasized by the written works of which he is the 
author. Dr. Oppenheimer has written much of noteworthy merit on 
subjects of interest to the medical profession, and generally to 
students of otology and laryngology; in 1906 P. Blackiston's Sons & 
Company, of Philadelphia, published Dr. Oppenheimer's "Surgical 
Treatment of Chronic Suppuration of the Middle and Mastoid," p. 
426, a work well-received by the profession. 
Although of the younger generation of physicians, Dr. Oppenheimer BIOGRAPHICAL 
377 
is active in membership of many of the leading medical societies; he 
is a member of the American Medical Association; of the Medical 
Society of the State of New York; of the New York Physicians' Asso- 
ciation; of the New York County Medical Society; of the New York 
Academy of Medicine; of the Eastern Medical Society of the City of 
New York; of the Metropolitan Medical Society of New York City; 
of the Harlem Medical Society; of the Greater New York Medical 
Association; of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Oto- 
Laryngology; of the American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Oto- 
logical Society; of the Manhattan Clinical Society, et cetera. 
On June 11, 1895, Dr. Seymour Oppenheimer was married to Elsa 
Leah Carr. They have one child, a daughter, Margaret Augusta. Dr. 
Seymour has an office at No. 45 East 60th Street. 
DOBERT COLEMAN JAMES, graduate of New York University 
Medical College, 1893, an active educator at that college since 
1895, and in successful city practice as an obstetrical physician, was 
born in Fayette county, Kentucky, on November 11, 1865. Afforded 
a good general education, which was completed by an advanced classi- 
cal course at the Kentucky University during the years 1883-1886, 
Robert Coleman James then turned his attention to the study of 
medicine. In 1890 he entered the Medical College of New York Uni- 
versity, as a student, and for three years followed the lectures and 
clinical demonstrations closely, applying himself assiduously to the 
study. In 1893 he graduated, and in due course received the degree 
of Doctor of Medicine. He then sought and secured appointment to 
the house staff of Bellevue Hospital, New York City, where he re- 
mained an interne until 1895, when he established himself in private 
office for general practice in the City of New York, since which time 
he has advanced steadily in the profession, until to-day his profes- 
sional standing and private practice is a gratifying result of skillful 
effort and conscientious, indefatigable endeavor. During practically 
the whole of his connection with New York medicine, Dr. James has 
filled educational capacities at the New York University Medical Col- 
lege ; he was appointed instructor of the practice of medicine at the 
New York University Medical College in 1895, retaining that office 
until 1898, when the University Medical College was merged in the 
Bellevue Hospital Medical College and as a consequence many changes 
were effected in the faculties of the two colleges. However, the serv- 
ices of Dr. James were retained, and in 1899 he was appointed in- 
structor in obstetrics at the combined University and Bellevue Hos- 
pital Medical College, which position he held until 1907, when he 
was appointed lecturer in obstetrics at the college. 
In addition to his practice and to his educational work, Dr. James 
undertook some hospital responsibilities; for many years he was 
assistant attending surgeon and attending surgeon to the Lying-in 
Hospital, and obstetrical physician to the Emergency Hospital, and he 
is now assistant attending obstetrist at the Bellevue Hospital. Dr. 
James has written some professional articles which have found place 378 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
in medical journals, and many of his writings have been useful addi- 
tions to medical literature. He is a member of the American Medical 
Association, the New York Pathological Society, the Medical Society 
of the State of New York, and the Alumni Society of Bellevue Hospi- 
tal. Dr. James's office address is No. 58 West Fifty-eighth Street, 
New York City. 
AA^ILLIAM TRAVIS GIBB, of high repute in New York City as a 
' v gynaecologist, was born in Bellefonte, Center county, Penn- 
sylvania, on December 29, 1862. His father, Alexander Gibb, was of 
Scottish birth and ancestry, and after emigrating, married Melissa 
Jane Gahagan, who was a native of Pennsylvania. The school-days 
of William Travis Gibb began in the public schools, where he obtained 
instruction in the rudiments of general knowledge, which elementary 
education was supplemented by a period of tuition in a private 
school in New York City, after which he entered Pelham's Institute, 
Poughkeepsie, New York, ultimately proceeding to the College of the 
City of New York, where he completed his classical education by 
graduating as Bachelor of Arts in 1883. Thereafter, for three years, 
he pursued the study of medicine at the New York University Medical 
College, graduating successfully in 1886, with the degree of Doctor 
of Medicine. While still an undergraduate at New York University, 
William Travis Gibb was appointed instructor in chemistry at the 
University, and acted in that capacity in the Medical College of New 
York University from 1882 to 1887. In 1889 he became instructor in 
gynaecology in the same institution, holding the professorial connec- 
tion with New York University until 1898, when he accepted a simi- 
lar appointment to Cornell University. 
In the practice of his profession, Dr. Gibb has been increasingly 
active since his graduation in 1886; in 1886-1887 he was a member 
of the house staff of Bellevue Hospital, New York City, and was 
house surgeon to the Hospital of the Ruptured and Crippled in 1887- 
1888. Since 1891 he has been an examining physician to the New 
York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. He was 
visiting physician to the Almshouse, Workhouse, and Penitentiary 
hospitals on Blackwell's Island from 1895 to 1898, and has since been 
visiting surgeon to these State institutions. As consulting gynaecol- 
ogist, Dr. Gibb is at present attached to the Astoria Hospital, Astoria, 
Long Island, and to the St. Luke's Hospital, Bayonne, New Jersey; 
also as visiting gynaecologist to the Central and Neurological Hospital, 
New York City, being president of the medical board of that insti- 
tution; and in like capacity is identified with the Women's Hospital 
in the State of New York, and the St. Elizabeth's Hospital, New York 
City. Dr. Gibb is also active in the affairs of many of the nation's 
leading medical associations; he is a member of the American Medical 
Association; of the Medical Society of the State of New York; of the 
New York County Medical Society; of the New York Academy of 
Medicine; of the Society of Sanitary and Moral Prophylaxis; of the 
Society of Medical Jurisprudence, and the New York Obstetrical BIOGRAPHICAL 
379 
Society. During his long connection with the study and practice of 
medicine, Dr. Gibb has given his conferrees the benefit of his findings 
on certain phases of medical science. 
Dr. Gibb was married, on May 14, 1896, to Alice E. Stearns, daugh- 
ter of John Noble Stearns, of New York City, and has three children: 
Alice Stearns, John Alexander, and William Travis, Jr. Dr. Gibb's 
residence and office is at No. 42 West 75th Street, New York City. 
JT'RANCIS LeROY SATTERLEE, physician, scientist, academi- 
x cian, author, was born in New York City on July 15, 1847, son. 
of George Crary and Mary LeRoy (Livingston) Satterlee, and scion 
of families distinguished in early American history, he having, on the 
paternal line, descended from Lieutenant-Colonel Benedict Satterlee, 
who was killed in the Wyoming massacre, and on the maternal side 
from Robert and Philip Livingston, signers of the Declaration of 
Independence. His father was George C. Satterlee, one of the old 
merchants of New York City who, after being burned out by the great 
fire of 1835, organized the Washington Fire Insurance Company. 
The primary education of Francis LeRoy Satterlee was obtained in 
private schools of New York City, from which he advanced to a public 
school, wherein he was prepared for college, eventually matriculating 
successfully at the University of the City of New York, now New 
York University. Therein he studied the arts and letters, and gave 
much time to certain special courses, gaining in 1865 the degree of 
Bachelor of Philosophy, and in 1867 that of Doctor of Philosophy. 
Meanwhile, he had become an undergraduate of the medical depart- 
ment of the University, and had pursued the study of medicine with 
assiduity and ability, graduating in that science, and being awarded 
the degree of Doctor of Medicine in the class of 1868. He became an 
interne of Bellevue Hospital, at which he had previously studied 
practical surgery, and while there gained creditable distinction, being 
awarded the Mott medal for proficiency in surgery. Concluding his 
interneship in that year, Dr. Satterlee decided to undertake further 
research in the great medical centres of Europe; consequently he 
crossed to England, and in the great hospitals of that country, and 
of France, did valuable post-graduate work, under such preceptors as 
Sir Joseph Lister, Sir James Y. Simpson, Professor John H. Bennett, 
Sir William Ferguson, and Sir Erastus Wilson. Returning to New 
York, Dr. Satterlee engaged in general practice, and concurrently 
applied himself to further exhaustive studies in the University of the 
City of New York, in therapeutics and chemistry, his proficiency in 
the latter study causing him to be appointed assistant to Dr. J. W. 
Draper. Dr. Satterlee also received appointment as surgeon to the 
Eighty-fourth Regiment of New York State National Guard, with 
rank of major; and at the same time was attending physician to two 
dispensaries, and medical director of two important life insurance 
companies, and also was medical officer to the police department of 
New York City. In this latter capacity, Dr. Satterlee gave the city 
efficient service for sixteen years, gaining celebrity as a medico-legal 380 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
expert during the period in which he was identified with the corpo- 
ration counsel, acting for some years with William Collins Whitney, 
who later became Secretary of the Navy. 
In professorial capacity, Dr. Satterlee comes prominently into the 
history of medicine in New York; he was the first Professor of Chem- 
istry in the American Veterinary College, and since 1869 has been 
Professor of Chemistry, Materia-Medica, and Therapeutics, in the 
New York College of Dentistry, during which long connection he has 
delivered considerably more than one thousand lectures. As a lec- 
turer upon hygiene, chemistry, and physics, Dr. Satterlee has for 
forty years past enjoyed a high reputation, attracting to his discourses 
numbers of his professional brethren, many of them in high standing. 
During his long and active medical career, Dr. Satterlee has had pro- 
fessional connection with many New York hospitals; was attending 
physician to the Northwestern Dispensary, department of skin diseases 
and rheumatism; and is at present attending physician of St. Eliza- 
beth's Hospital, New York City, and consulting physician to the Mid- 
night Mission. 
Medical journals contain many noteworthy papers from the pen 
of Dr. Satterlee, among the medical works of which he is the author 
being: "The Treatment of Erysipelas," and a "Treatise on Gout and 
Rheumatism," both published at Detroit, Michigan, and well-received 
by the profession throughout the country. Dr. Satterlee for very 
many years has been an acknowledged authority on gout and rheuma- 
tism, and has a large consultation practice in this branch of medicine. 
He belongs to many of the leading professional organizations, being a 
fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine; member of the Ameri- 
can Medical Association, of the Medical Society of the State of New 
York, of the New York County Medical Society, of the New York 
Pathological Society, of the Medical Association of Greater New York, 
of the Medico-Legal Society, of the New York Neurological Society. 
He is also trustee of the New York College of Dentistry; fellow of the 
Academy of Sciences, honorary member of the Society of Arts, Lon- 
don, England; member of the American Association for the advance- 
ment of Science; fellow of the American Geographical Society, of the 
New York Historical Society; member of the American Institute of 
Civics, of the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, of 
the Society of Sons of the Revolution, of the Society of Colonial Wars, 
of the St. Nicholas Society; and was president of the Zeta Psi fra- 
ternity. He also is trustee of the West Side Savings Bank, and belongs 
to the Century and Players' clubs. 
In 1868, Dr. Satterlee married (first) Laura Suydam, their chil- 
dren being: Madelaine LeRoy, Laura, Henry S., Francis LeRoy, Jr. 
In 1906, Dr. Satterlee married (second) Mary Philipse Gouverneur 
Iselin. 
A/l ATTHEW LAWRENCE CARR, otological surgeon to the New 
* York Throat, Nose and Lung Hospital, and to the West Side 
School for Crippled Children, a New York City specialist in otology, BIOGRAPHICAL 
381 
for many years identified with the department of otology at the Van- 
derbilt Clinic, was born in Greene county, North Carolina, on October 
24, 1870, the son of Titus William and Ada Gray (Little) Carr. After 
having acquired the necessary preliminary education, Matthew Law- 
rence Carr entered the Snow Hill Academy, Snow Hill, North Caro- 
lina, where he was prepared for college, eventually proceeding to 
Wake Forest College, North Carolina, where he took the classical 
course which brought him in his graduation the degree of Bachelor 
of Arts. The same year, 1889, he entered the University of Virginia, 
where he studied 1889-1890, then proceeding to New York City to 
study medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia 
University. In 1892 he successfully graduated therefrom, and was 
awarded the degree of Doctor of Medicine. Having decided to special- 
ize in otological surgery, Dr. Carr took a post-graduate course at the 
City Hospital, New York, remaining an interne there during 1893, 
and in 1894, establishing himself in private practice in New York 
City, since which time he has undertaken exhaustive research in his 
specialty, achieving gratifying success, much of his work being re- 
corded in papers he has contributed to medical journals for the general 
benefit of the profession and students of the branch. 
Dr. Carr has for many years been clinical assistant of the Vander- 
bilt Clinic, department of otology, and has undertaken many hospital 
appointments. At present he is surgeon in otology at the New York 
Throat, Nose and Lung Hospital, and to the West Side School for 
Crippled Children, New York City. He belongs to some of the leading 
medical organizations, holding membership in the American Medical 
Association; the Medical Society of the State of New York; the New 
York County Medical Association; and the Alumni Association of 
City Hospital. He is also active in membership of the New York 
Southern Society, in the North Carolina Society of New York, and the 
Alumni Association of the University of Virginia. Dr. Carr is a 
Democrat, is fond of tennis, and when possible takes to yachting. His 
professional offices are at No. 36 Central Park South and at No. 14 
Central Park West. 
J AMES GARFIELD DWYER, a New York City physician special- 
izing in the treatment of diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat, 
author of many works on the subject, instructor in bacteriology at 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, Columbia Uni- 
versity, and holding pathological appointments to the staffs of some 
leading hospitals, was born in Canada, September 20, 1881, the son 
of John and Eliza Devan Dwyer. He was educated mainly in 
Canadian collegiate and medical institutions, primarily attending the 
St. Mary's School and the Collegiate Institute, Kingston, Canada, and 
subsequently matriculating at Queen's University, Kingston, Province 
of Ontario, Canada, where he took the full course in arts and letters, 
eventually graduating as Bachelor of Arts, and subsequently as Master 
of Arts. He then entered the medical college of the same University, 
and in 1905 received his medical degree, in that year also being li- 382 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
censed to engage in the practice of medicine in the Province of On- 
tario, Canada, and in the State of New York. He, however, desired to 
pursue post-graduate work in special branches of medicine, and with 
that object in view came to New York City, and was successful in 
securing appointment as house surgeon at the Manhattan Eye, Ear, 
and Throat Hospital, New York City. There he remained an interne 
during the period 1906-8, and in his practice therein found ample 
scope to follow the line of research he desired. He became skilled in 
pathological work, and after completing his period of interneship 
entered private practice in New York City, specializing in the treat- 
ment of the eye, ear, nose, and throat. Dr. Dwyer's understanding 
of his specialty, and his success in treatment and diagnosis, have since 
become widely recognized, and his practice is assuming satisfactory 
proportions. He also has been brought into staff connection with 
many hospitals of the city and State. At present he is assistant at- 
tending surgeon and pathologist to the Manhattan Eye, Ear, and 
Throat Hospital, New York City. Dr. Dwyer has made many contri- 
butions to American medical literature, mainly on subjects relating to 
his research and the practice of his specialty. Some of his papers 
have found place in medical journals of the country, and among the 
writings of which he is the author may be noted the following: ' ' The 
Uses of Vaccine Serums, and the Hiss Extract of Leucocyte in Ear, 
Nose, and Throat Infections;" "The Bacteriology of the Tonsils." 
Dr. Dwyer's office is at No. 40 East Forty-first Street, New York City, 
and he holds membership in the following medical societies: The Medi- 
cal Society of the State of New York; the American Medical Asso- 
ciation ; and the New York Academy of Medicine. 
T OSEPH MUIR, graduate in medicine of the New York University, 
in the class of 1884, successful New York City specialist in laryng- 
ology and otology, and for many years officially connected with the 
St. Joseph's, St. Mark's, and the Throat, Nose and Lung hospitals of 
New York City, was born in Russia, August 10, 1864, of American 
parents, who were at that time in brief residence in Russia. His 
parents, Joseph and Sarah Muir, of New York City, returned to the 
United States with their son while he was still in his early infancy, 
and thereafter the major portions of his boyhood and early manhood 
were passed in New York City. 
Dr. Muir was educated almost wholly in New York City schools; 
his primary education was obtained in the public schools and was 
supplemented by private tuition. He early evinced an inclination to 
medical study, and was barely seventeen years of age when he entered 
the Medical College of the New York University as a student, and he 
graduated successfully and well as Doctor of Medicine before he had 
attained his majority in years. 
Dr. Muir, especially in his early days of professional endeavor, was 
an indefatigable student, and after having gained his medical degree 
went abroad, with the resolution to pursue original research in some BIOGRAPHICAL 
383 
of the principal medical centres of Europe. His European stay eventu- 
ated into a post-graduate course in medicine of long duration and wide 
extent. For two years he attended lectures and clinics of St. George's 
Hospital, London, and afterwards went to Germany, where for several 
years he was an observant keen student at the Moabit and Charite 
hospitals of Berlin, his connection with these hospitals affording him 
opportunity also for considerable practical work at the hospitals. In 
1893 he returned to the United States, and opened office for practice 
in New York City, specializing in otology and laryngology, and still 
continuing his research in the prevention and cure of diseases of the 
respiratory organs and heart. He assumed many staff appointments 
to hospitals, for many years acting as visiting physician to St. Jo- 
seph's Hospital, New York City, as laryngologist at St. Mark's Hos- 
pital, New York City, and occupying a number of staff positions at 
the New York Throat, Nose and Lung Hospital, eventually becoming 
senior physician of the institution. He also was professionally con- 
nected with the Germania Life Insurance Company. 
As a writer Dr. Muir has been of service to the profession. His 
research has been the subject of many monographs, articles, and 
papers written by him for the benefit of the profession generally, and 
particularly for physicians seeking enlightenment on tubercular and 
kindred diseases of lungs and heart. He was for some years editor of 
the therapeutic department of the "Electrical Age," and published 
a voluminous work entitled "Man and Woman," which was well re- 
ceived generally. An instrument extensively used by the medical 
practitioners of the country is the Muir Stethoscope, which is one of 
Dr. Muir's inventions. Several of the principal medical organiza- 
tions have Dr. Muir in their membership; he belongs to the American 
Medical Association, to the Medico-Surgical Society, and to some 
others, including the Mississippi Valley Medical Association. He is 
fond of autoing, is an enthusiastic yachtsman, and is a member of the 
Indian Harbor Yacht Club, and the Automobile Club of America. 
Dr. Muir has been in the consular service, having in 1901 been 
appointed United States Consul-General to Sweden, a national ap- 
pointment he filled with dignity. 
Dr. Muir married in July, 1898, Ella Coleman McPherson, the only 
child of Senator John R. McPherson, of New Jersey. The union was 
unfortunately not of long duration, Mrs. Muir's demise occurring in 
1901. 
A LEXANDER LAMBERT, successful and well-regarded as a 
physician in New York City, and an able educator, was born in 
New York City, December 15, 1861, the son of Edward Wilberforce 
and Martha (Waldron) Lambert. In his early years of study he at- 
tended private schools in New York City, and in course of time was 
able to matriculate at and enter Yale University, where he applied 
himself to the arts and letters for the full course, and succeeded in 
obtaining the degree of Bachelor of Arts when he graduated with 384 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
the class of 1884. The following year he received further academic 
recognition, winning the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy at Yale 
University. He then returned to New York City and took up the 
study of medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New 
York, which is the medical department of Columbia University. He 
displayed marked aptitude for the science, and followed the lectures 
with much diligence and success, and also pursued the clinical side of 
the studies with ready understanding and much interest, so that in 
1888 he was able to graduate in good position in the class of that 
year. Having received his degree of Doctor of Medicine, he entered 
into the practice of his profession without delay, and steadily ad- 
vanced in repute as a physician. With the years, and acknowledged 
ability and capability, came to his hand many professional appoint- 
ments to the staffs of leading hospitals and medical institutions. Dr. 
Lambert has been identified with the staff of the Diphtheria and 
Scarlet Fever Hospital, and at the present time is attending physician 
to the Bellevue Hospital, New York City, and consulting physician to 
the New York Infirmary for Women and Children, to the Perth Am- 
boy (New Jersey), Nyack (New York), and Greenwich (Connecticut) 
hospitals. 
Early in his professional career, Dr. Lambert was invited to join 
the faculty of Cornell University Medical College, and he has been 
Professor of Clinical Medicine thereat since 1893. Like his brother, 
who has been Professor of Applied Therapeutics since 1903, and dean 
since 1904, at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia Uni- 
versity, Dr. Alexander Lambert has shown marked ability as a lec- 
turer and educator, and has materially aided into the profession 
many of the promising young physicians and medical scientists of 
to-day. Dr. Lambert has been a literary contributor to periodical 
literature of the profession. 
Of the medical organizations to which Dr. Lambert is affiliated in 
membership may be mentioned: The American Medical Association, 
the Medical Society of the State of New York, the New York Academy 
of Medicine, the New York County Medical Association, and the 
Alumni Association of Bellevue Hospital. Dr. Lambert is a member of 
the Medical Reserve Corps of the United States army, and holds the 
rank of first lieutenant; he also was for many years assistant bac- 
teriologist to the New York City Health Department, and is a State 
examiner in lunacy. He is also trustee of the New York Infirmary 
for Women and Children. Dr. Lambert is an enthusiastic sportsman, 
and when possible handles the gun or rod. He is identified with the 
Campfire Club of America, the Tourilli Fish and Game Club (Quebec, 
Canada), and the Trippie Island Gunning Club (Munden, Virginia). 
He also belongs to the following clubs: University, Century, Yale 
University, Columbia University, Boone and Crockett, and Richmond 
Hill. 
On April 23, 1895, Dr. Lambert was married, at New York City, to 
Ellen Waitestill Cheney, of South Manchester, Connecticut. His 
office is at No. 43 East Seventy-second street. BIOGRAPHICAL 
385 
JEORGE DAVID STEWART, graduate of New York University 
Medical College, visiting surgeon to Bellevue and St. Vincent's 
hospitals, New York City, and consulting surgeon to a number of 
large New York State hospitals, and for many years Professor of 
Anatomy and Clinical Surgery at the University and Bellevue Hos- 
pital Medical College, New York City, was born in Nova Scotia, on 
December 28, 1862. His general education was obtained in Nova 
Scotian academic institutions; primarily he attended the normal 
school of Nova Scotia, wherein he was prepared for college. After 
a course of classical instruction at St. Francis Xavier's College, Nova 
Scotia, George David Stewart came to New York City with the inten- 
tion of pursuing the study of medicine at the New York University's 
medical department. Entering Bellevue Hospital Medical College 
in 1886, he was a student for the full course, and eventually, in 1889, 
was graduated as Doctor of Medicine. During 1889-1890 Dr. Stewart 
took up post-graduate work as an interne of Bellevue Hospital, New 
York City, and he also interested himself in the educational branch 
of medical work. In course of time Dr. Stewart became a prominent 
and able member of the faculty of the University and Bellevue Hos- 
pital Medical College. His first chair was that of Anatomy at the 
Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and he was later appointed Pro- 
fessor of Anatomy and Clinical Surgery at the combined medical 
colleges of New York University and Bellevue Hospital. 
Dr. Stewart's surgical research has been extensive, and his findings 
important, and many of his experiments have been recorded in writ- 
ing by him. His knowledge of surgery has brought him some im- 
portant hospital appointments. For many years he has been visiting 
surgeon to Bellevue Hospital, New York City, and holds the same 
capacity at St. Vincent's Hospital, New York City; and his outside 
hospital affiliations include a consulting surgeoncy to St. Mary's Hos- 
pital, East Orange, to Englewood Hospital, Portchester, and the 
South Side Hospital, Babylon, Long Island City. As a fellow of the 
American College of Surgeons, he holds a recognized place among the 
surgeons of the country. In addition to his fellowship in the Ameri- 
can College of Surgeons, Dr. Stewart also holds membership in the 
following medical organizations: The American Medical Association; 
the New York Academy of Medicine; the New York Surgical Society; 
the Medical Society of the State of New York; the New York County 
Medical Society, and the Alumni Association of Bellevue Hospital. 
His office address is at 60 West 50th Street, New York. 
TJERMANN MICHAEL BIGGS (Cornell, 1882; Bellevue Hospital 
* * Medical College, 1883), was born in Trumansburg, New York, 
September 29, 1859, and is the son of Joseph Hunt and Melissa T. 
(Pratt) Biggs. 
Upon finishing his preparatory education, Hermann Michael Biggs 
entered Cornell University, from which he was graduated with the 
degree of Bachelor of Arts in the class of 1882. Having elected to 
follow the medical profession, he matriculated at Bellevue Hospital 386 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Medical College, and in 1883 received from that college the degree of 
Doctor of Medicine. Thereafter he was installed as interne in Belle- 
vue Hospital, where he served during the years 1883 and 1884 and 
then became visiting physician to the Workhouse and Almshouse hos- 
pitals, which office he held continuously from 1885 until 1892; from 
1886 to 1892 he acted as assistant pathologist at Bellevue Hospital, 
and in 1892 was made pathologist to the same hospital, continuing in 
that capacity until 1899. He was also pathologist to the City Hos- 
pital, beginning with 1886 up to 1892. Dr. Biggs delivered lectures 
and filled the chair of Pathological Anatomy at Bellevue Hospital 
Medical College from 1885 to 1894. 
In addition to the labors incident to his private practice, and to the 
time consumed and effort expended on behalf of his public appoint- 
ments above referred to, Dr. Biggs also served in the following 
capacities: Professor of Therapeutics and Clinical Medicine in Uni- 
versity and Bellevue Hospital Medical College from 1897 to 1907, 
and in 1907 Associate Professor of Medicine; pathologist and director 
of Bacteriological Laboratories, New York Department of Health, 
from 1892 to 1901, and general medical officer of the same department 
of the city 1901-1914. In this latter year, Dr. Biggs was appointed 
State Public Health Commissioner, State of New York. He has also 
been a director of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research since 
its establishment in the year 1901. Dr. Biggs is also consulting physi- 
cian to the Hospital for Contagious Diseases, which appointment he 
has held since 1889. 
Dr. Biggs is president of the Tuberculosis Preventorium for Chil- 
dren, a charity founded and subsidized by Nathan Strauss of New 
York City; also president of the National Association for Prevention 
of Tuberculosis from 1906 to and during 1907; he is a fellow of the 
New York Academy of Medicine and the New York Pathological 
Society; an honorary fellow of the Sanitary Institute, Great Britain; 
a member of the British Medical Association, International Tubercu- 
losis Bureau of Berlin, American Medical Association, American Asso- 
ciation for the Advancement of Science, as well as holding member- 
ship in many other learned societies. Dr. Biggs has his residence at 
No. 113 West 57th Street, New York City. 
T^RANK EBENEZER MILLER, graduate of the College of Physi- 
1 cians and Surgeons, Columbia University, class of 1884, otological 
and laryngological specialist of extensive practice in New York City, 
consulting physician to St. Francis and St. Joseph's hospitals, New 
York City, and widely known in New York musical circles by reason 
of his long association as laryngologist with the Metropolitan College 
of Music, and by reason of his writings on voice training, was born in 
Hartford, Connecticut, on April 12, 1859, the only child of Ebenezer 
and Mayett (Deming) Miller. 
His ancestry connects with early Colonial records of the State of 
Massachusetts, Frank Ebenezer Miller being in the eighth generation 
of direct descent from William Miller of London, England, who came BIOGRAPHICAL 
387 
to Ipswich, Massachusetts, in 1638, and was one of the founders of 
Northampton and Northfield, Massachusetts. Dr. Miller's maternal 
lineage connects him with the famous tory governor of New York, 
Tryon; also with the Standish, Welles, and Deming families. The 
elementary education of Frank E. Miller was obtained in the primary 
and high schools of Hartford, Connecticut. After graduating from 
the latter he entered Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, in due 
course graduating in arts and letters, in 1881, and thereby gaining 
the degree of Bachelor of Arts, five years later becoming entitled to 
the major degree, Master of Arts, which was then conferred upon 
him by the faculty of his classical alma mater. So that he might 
eventually enter the medical profession, Frank E. Miller, in 1881, 
journeyed to New York, and took up the study of medicine at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, diligently 
following the lectures for the full three-year course, and also observ- 
ing much clinical work during the period. He was thus able to 
graduate satisfactorily in 1884, and accordingly received his medical 
degree. He then became substitute interne at the New York and 
Charity hospitals, was surgical interne at St. Francis's Hospital dur- 
ing the years 1884-86, and in 1886 was appointed assistant sanitary 
inspector for the New York City Board of Health, holding the ap- 
pointment until 1889. 
Dr. Miller also took up the educational part of medical work; for 
a time he was Assistant Professor of Otology at the Vanderbilt Clinic, 
and during his research and clinical work came into intimate asso- 
ciation with many eminent preceptors, among them Professor Orin 
Pomeroy, Professor L. Emmett Holt, of the New York Polyclinic 
Medical School, with John H. Ripley and George M. Lefferts, of the 
Vanderbilt Clinic; with Joseph Howe, of the New York University 
Medical College; with John Dorning, of the Post-Graduate Medical 
School and Hospital; with Drs. W. P. Swift, Urban G. Hitchcock, 
and R. P. Lincoln, distinguished throat specialists. To all of these 
eminent physicians Dr. Miller acted as assistant, and benefited much 
by the association. He was attending physician to the Minerva Home 
during 1885-1888; was similarly attached to the Wayside Nursery 
during 1886-1888; was attending physician to St. Joseph's Hospital, 
New York City, 1887-1897, and since has been retained as consulting 
physician to the institution; in 1886 he was throat surgeon to the 
Bellevue Hospital, outdoor department, and held the same office at 
the Vanderbilt Clinic during the years 1890-1893. 
Dr. Miller's writings, as well as his skillful practice and his educa- 
tional work, brought him into prominence as a laryngologist, and in 
1890 the Metropolitan College of Music retained him in that capacity, 
a professional affiliation much to the doctor's liking, as he was an 
ardent lover of music and a vocalist and musician of no mean order, 
having given much of his time since his student days to the exercise 
of his inclination for the art. While at Trinity College he was solo 
tenor of the Glee Club, and later became solo tenor of St. Thomas's 
Church, New York City, and of other church choirs. His great in- 388 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
terest in music led him to initiate an exhaustive study of the voice 
and the vocal organs, and he established a principle of hollow space 
resonance, which has gained wide and authoritative recognition as 
the nearest to a perfect theory of voice production. Dr. Miller was 
the first musical authority to practically advocate a regular standard 
of tone for voice production, by which any voice could be definitely 
measured and classified; also a voice sifting bureau. He has main- 
tained his professional connection with the Metropolitan College of 
Music for twenty-six years, during which time a number of the world's 
most prominent singers have passed under his examination, and 
benefited by his expert treatment. Dr. Miller's standing as a laryng- 
ologist, coupled with his known interest in music, and his also well- 
known understanding of voice production, decided Oscar Hammer- 
stein, the famous impressario, to retain him in his professional 
capacity to pass upon the throats and vocal organs of his artists, and 
a full-page article in the New York Sunday American of August 
30, 1908, quotes Mr. Hammerstein as saying: ' ' My innovation means 
a revolution in voice-training methods that ultimately will benefit 
every young singer in this country. Through the direct advantage 
gained by applicants for positions in my chorus, other singers all over 
the country will benefit by personal knowledge of the anatomical and 
scientific aspects of their instrument and their art." 
Dr. Miller is given to much original investigation into causes, and 
as a medical scientist of indefatigable research he has given many 
manifestations. In a paper he wrote for the Frankel Festschrift, and 
read before the American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Oto- 
logical Society, at Kansas City, Dr. Miller proposed a new theory for 
the origin of nodules from personal observation of two hundred and 
thirty-four cases, and the first scientific investigations conducted in 
the new surgical laboratory of the College of Physicians and Surgeons 
of New York were a series of original experiments which confirmed 
his theory. In the early years of his professional career he gave much 
time to the study of tubercular cases, and in 1892 announced that the 
best success could be found primarily along hygienic and dietetic 
lines, with ventilation and altitude as valuable adjuncts. Some of his 
written works on the subject commanded the attention of both the 
public and the press. When Professor Koch first made known his 
discovery on the cure of consumption, Messrs. Arkell Brothers con- 
sidered it of national importance to test the cure and place the 
results before their readers. Drs. Shrady and Ripley were chosen as 
a committee; they selected a Mr. Degnan as subject, diagnosed his 
case as one of perfect tuberculosis, but owing to a specific trouble 
could not determine. Dr. Miller was brought into consultation and 
pronounced the case as one of tuberculosis laryngitis. The patient 
was sent to Professor Koch, whose diagnosis entirely corroborated 
with that of Dr. Miller. He has been consulting physician to St. 
Francis's Hospital, New York City, for many years, and in 1906 was 
appointed visiting physician to the New York Hospital, about that 
time also becoming professionally connected with the Loomis Sanita- BIOGRAPHICAL 
389 
rium, of which institution he is still consulting physician, and is also 
a member of its Board of Medical Directors. 
Dr. Miller is an able, versatile writer, and has contributed to the 
medical world many notable works. In 1892 he, in collaboration with 
Dr. James P. McEvoy and Professor J. E. Weeks, wrote "A Com- 
pendium of Nose, Throat, and Ear Diseases," and among the im- 
portant works of which he is the author may be listed: "The Use of 
Gottstein's Improved Curette for the Removal of Post-Nasal 
Growths;" "Vocal Hygiene, a Study of the Mucous Membrane;" 
"Pathology, Etiology and Treatment of Vocal Nodules of Singers;" 
"Views on Tuberculosis;" "Scheme for Diagnosing Voice Failure;" 
"Observation on Voice and Voice Failure," which was written with 
the physicist, A. Theadore Wangemann; "Local Treatment of Phthisis 
by Means of Strong Induction Current.'.' Of his comparatively 
recent works may be mentioned, "The Voice" and "Vocal Art 
Science," which had a large sale. Dr. Miller's literary labors have 
not been wholly devoted to medical subjects; his essays, "The Spirit 
of Music" and "Force of Habit" are meritorious works of romance, 
and his literary versatility is evident in his "The Trojan Horse," a 
satirical work. His general versatility is also demonstrated by his 
invention of a process of "Areo Electrotomy for Tonsils," and as a 
lecturer Dr. Miller has read his own papers before the School of 
Expression, the Music Teachers' National Association, and at the New 
York Music Teachers' Association, Troy, New York. 
Dr. Miller is a State examiner in lunacy, and is medical examiner 
for the following organizations: The Albany Insurance Company, the 
Ancient Order of ^Egis, the Royal Oak Benefit Insurance Company, 
and the Provident Life Insurance Company. He belongs to the follow- 
ing medical societies: The American Medical Association; the Ameri- 
can Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological Associations; the 
New York Academy of Medicine; the Medical Society of the State of 
New York; the County Medical Society; the Physicians' Mutual Aid 
Society, and other medical bodies. He. also is affiliated with the 
Masonic Order, being a thirty-second degree Mason; Knights Templar, 
Shriner, etc.; he is also an Elk; member of the Eastern Star; the 
New England Society of New York, and the Royal Order of Scotland. 
Socially, he belongs to the Hospital Graduates, Players, Lotos, Mendel- 
sohn Glee, and New York Yacht clubs. The decoration of Busto del 
Libertador was conferred on him by President Crespo and Senor 
Miguel Antich, of Venezuela, in recognition of services rendered to 
that nation and to science. 
On April 28, 1892, Dr. Miller married Emily, daughter of Edward 
Weston, of Yonkers, New York. They have two children, both 
daughters: Laura and Frances. 
f^LARENCE GARFIELD BANDLER, Surgeon and eminent spe- 
cialist in urology, Assistant Professor of Urology, Columbia Uni- 
versity (College of Physicians and Surgeons) has attained a repre- 
sentative place of prominence among New York medical men, a fact 390 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
which derives additional weight from the circumstance that Dr. Band- 
ler is a young man not yet in the prime of life. His career as a notable 
exception to the rule that honors in the medical profession are of 
slow growth and late maturity. 
Clarence Garfield Bandler was born November 6, 1880, at Owego, 
Tioga county, New York, a son of William Bandler, for many years 
a business man of New York City, now retired. He received the 
degree of Bachelor of Arts from Columbia University, 1901, and Doc- 
tor of Medicine from the College of Physicians and Surgeons (Colum- 
bia University) 1904. After serving an interneship in Bellevue Hos- 
pital, he became adjunct assistant surgeon of Bellevue; genito-urinary 
surgeon, Bellevue Hospital, O.P.D., and Assistant Professor of Urol- 
ogy of the Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital (New York) 
since 1909. He is also assistant visiting urologist to the Presbyterian 
Hospital. Dr. Bandler is a frequent contributor to various medical 
journals, and has done considerable research work in urology. He is 
a fellow of the American College of Surgeons; a member of the 
American Medical Association; American Urological Association; New 
York Academy of Medicine; New York State and County Medical 
societies; Bellevue Alumni Society; Post-Graduate Faculty Associa- 
tion, and was on the staff of the S. A. T. C., and secretary of the 
medical advisory board for draft registrants. 
October 27, 1909, Dr. Bandler was married to Elsie Worms. They 
have one son, William Henry Bandler. 
J OHN BALDWIN WALKER, a successful and well-regarded sur- 
u geon of New York City, and Professor of Clinical Surgery at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, with the 
medical faculty of which University he has been identified for many 
years, was born in Lodi, New Jersey, on January 16, 1860, the son of 
Avery Skinner and Rosanna (Baldwin) Walker, and a direct lineal 
descendent from Philip Walker, who emigrated from England about 
1650, and settled in Rehoboth, Massachusetts. 
John B. Walker received his primary education privately and in 
the public school of his native place, acquiring further elementary 
education at Phillips Exeter Academy, graduating from there to Am- 
herst College, where he remained for two years, leaving in 1881, and 
matriculating immediately afterwards at Harvard University, where- 
from in 1884 he graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree. There- 
after he decided to specialize his studies, taking up medicine with the 
intention of ultimately entering that profession. He entered the 
Harvard University Medical School as a student in 1884, and in 1888 
was successful in graduating and thus becoming entitled to the degree 
of Doctor of Medicine, immediately after receiving which he attached 
himself to the Boston City Hospital as a member of the house staff of 
physicians and surgeons, remaining an interne for eighteen months, 
after which he proceeded to Europe for a post-graduate course. 
Undertaking exhaustive and extensive research in the great hospitals 
of Vienna, Munich, Paris, London, and Berlin, Dr. Morton remained BIOGRAPHICAL 
391 
abroad for three years, returning to New York City in 1893, and ac- 
cepting an appointment as medical inspector for the Board of Health 
of the New York City administration, holding the appointment until 
1896. His return to New York in 1893, after having obtained such 
valuable European experience, brought to his hand many other pro- 
fessional duties at hospitals and medical schools; in 1893 he was 
appointed Instructor in Surgery at the New York Post-Graduate 
Medical School and Hospital; in that year also he became assistant 
surgeon at the New York General Memorial Hospital; in 1894 he was 
Instructor in Surgery at the New York Polyclinic Medical School 
and Hospital, and also assistant surgeon at the Hospital of the New 
York Society for the Relief of Ruptured and Crippled, as well as in 
the same year being assistant gynaecologist at the College of Physi- 
cians and Surgeons, Columbia University; in 1897 Dr. Morton became 
Assistant Instructor in Operative Surgery at Columbia University; 
in 1899 he was appointed visiting surgeon to the New York City Hos- 
pital ; the following year he became visiting surgeon to Bellevue Hos- 
pital; in 1902 he became associate surgeon at the Hospital for Rup- 
tured and Crippled; in 1904 he was advanced in professorial capacity 
at Columbia University, becoming Clinical Lecturer on Surgery; in 
1905 he accepted a consulting surgeoncy to Manhattan State Hospital, 
which connection he still maintains; in 1909 he was appointed visiting 
surgeon to Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled; and in 1910 was 
appointed to the Professorship of Clinical Surgery at the College of, 
Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University. Dr. Walker's name 
has had prominent and frequent place on the pages of periodical 
medical literature, he having contributed numerous articles, mono- 
graphs, etc., on medical subjects, some of the more important of his 
writings having been in relation to the treatment of cancer and ap- 
pendicitis, and more recently on the operative treatment of hernia, 
and the modern operative treatment of fractures. 
In the proceedings of many of the leading medical organizations, 
Dr. Walker has taken active interest, among the societies of which he 
is a member being: American Medical Association; American Surgical 
Association; New York Academy of Medicine; New York Surgical 
Society; the Medical Society of the State of New York; the Thera- 
puetic Club; the New York County Medical Association, and the 
Alumni Association of Harvard University Medical School. In many 
of these associations Dr. Walker has been honored by election to high 
executive office; he was president of the Harvard Medical Society, 
New York, in 1900; was councilor on the Harvard Medical Alumni 
Association in 1901; was chairman of the surgical section of the New 
York Academy of Medicine in 1901; in addition to which a fellowship 
in the American College of Surgeons was conferred upon him, and 
also honorary membership in the Societe Internationale de Chirurgie. 
He also is a member of the following: New England Society; Sons of 
Revolution; and Society of Colonial Wars. In social affiliations, Dr. 
Walker belongs to the following clubs: University, Century, Brook, 
Harvard, Church, and Sleepy Hollow. 392 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
On June 22, 1910, Dr. Walker married Mai Emendorf Hackstaff, 
grand-daughter of Eugene Augustus Hoffman, former dean of the 
General Theological Seminary of New York City. 
AA^ILLIAM MABON, graduate of Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- 
' ' lege, class of 1881, one of the leading experts of New York State, 
lecturer on mental diseases, author of literature on the subject, super- 
intendent and medical director of the Manhattan State Hospital for 
the Insane since 1906, consulting alienist to other city hospitals and 
ex-president of the State Commission for Lunacy, was born in New 
Durham, New Jersey, August 14, 1860, the son of William V. V. 
Mabon, a Professor of Theology at Rutgers College, and Emma Deas 
Mabon. 
William Mabon received his medical training at Bellevue Hospital 
Medical College, and soon after his graduation, in 1881, he accepted 
a position on the staff of the New Jersey State Hospital for the Insane 
at Morris Plains, in that State. This affiliation with a hospital for 
mental diseases marked the beginning of a noteworthy psychiatric 
career which extended over a period of thirty-two years, and during 
which time Dr. Mabon filled with conspicuous success the highest exec- 
utive and administrative positions in the New York State Hospital 
service. Following his entrance when a young man into the head of 
institutional work, Dr. Mabon's industry, energy, ability and devotion 
to duty soon won him rapid advancement, and he was called upon suc- 
cessively to fill the important offices of the superintendent of the Wil- 
lard State Hospital, the St. Lawrence State Hospital, the Bellevue and 
Allied Hospitals, president of the State Commission for Lunacy and 
superintendent of the Manhattan State Hospital at Ward's Island. 
Dr. Mabon began his services on the behalf of the insane of New 
York State in 1887, when he was appointed one of the assistants at 
the Utica State Hospital. This was in the pioneer days of the_ex- 
elusive State care of the insane. The country poorhouses, where the 
insane were then confined, showed the necessity of the centralization 
of all functions having to do with these dependents. After passing 
through the different grades of the Utica State Hospital staff, Dr. 
Mabon showed special aptitude for hospital work, and made rapid 
progress. He established high administrative standards while super- 
intendent of the Willard State Hospital at Ovid, New York, being 
transferred in 1896 to the comparatively new institution at Ogdens- 
burg, New York, the St. Lawrence State Hospital, where his active and 
original mind found full play, and the orderly and beautiful develop- 
ment of this fine institution can safely be credited to him. Here 
he remained until 1903, when he came to New York City. Upon as- 
suming the position of superintendent of Bellevue and Allied hos- 
pitals, Dr. Mabon confronted a sea of chaos, and during his year of 
occupancy of the office he labored with tremendous energy, indeed, 
without his enormous vitality nothing could have been accomplished. 
For the next two years he served as president of the State Commis- 
sion for Lunacy, now the State Hospital Commission. In this position BIOGRAPHICAL 
393 
the experience acquired by Dr. Mabon was of exceptional value to the 
State. He supported all of the developments of the scientific branches 
of the State Hospital Service and was ever ready to maintain all of the 
highest standards. He resigned the position of commissioner in 1906, 
and was appointed superintendent and medical director of the Man- 
hattan State Hospital and of its consolidated branches. In the last 
two decades Dr. Mabon's advice as to changes in hospital policies was 
sought by governors and finance committees of the legislatures of other 
states. He was identified with the enactment of more enlightened leg- 
islation for the betterment of the insane than any other man in the 
medical fraternity. His addresses at scientific meetings, by his force- 
ful manner, received the closest attention, and his advanced theories 
were accepted by his hearers on account of his sincerity and earnest- 
ness, and rallied to his support the best men in hospital work. His 
public papers were evidence of his wide knowledge of psychiatry in its 
latest developments, and with the positiveness that characterized all 
of his work. Dr. Mabon had an engaging personality, his decisions 
were quickly made and rarely required revision, his quick mental 
action, his optimism, his energy, his enduring capacity for work 
created enthusiasm among his associates and subordinates. 
No larger aggregation of the sick are to be found than in our great 
public hospitals for the insane, and no members of the medical pro- 
fession are called upon to bear a heavier burden of responsibility 
than the physicians who direct these institutions. To humanity and 
to their branch of science, these men are responsible for the maim 
tenance of high standards in a field where extraordinary difficulties 
exist. When it became apparent that measures of prevention might 
be successfully applied to mental diseases, it was these men's recom- 
mendations to its need and practicability that led to public confidence 
in the new enterprise to which the term, mental hygiene, has been 
applied. Dr. Mahon was the acknowledged leader among the great 
hospital administrators of the country; he was one of the first to give 
his prestige and personal endeavors to the organizing work of the 
National Committee for Mental Hygiene. As a member of its execu- 
tive committee, he was instrumental in shaping its policies; his voice 
was always for accepting responsibilities and undertaking new tasks 
in spite of their difficulties; his advice was to make careful plans and 
then go boldly ahead. 
In the last ten years of his life he was active in all fields of labor 
in connection with the welfare not only of the insane but of the feeble- 
minded and other defectives. He served as consulting physician of 
the Medical Board for the Department of Atypical Children, Randall's 
Island, New York; consulting alienist to the Hospital for Deformities 
and Joint Diseases; consulting alienist to the Neurological Institute of 
New York City; Professor of Mental Diseases, New York University 
and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York City, and from 
1908 to 1912, consulting alienist to the Red Cross Hospital, New York 
City. Dr. Mabon was a member of the New York County and New 
York State Medical societies; Academy of Medicine, New York City; 394 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Medical Association of Greater New York; New York Psychiatrical 
Society; Ward's Island Psychiatrical Society; American Medico- 
Psychological Association; National Committee of Mental Hygiene; 
New York University and Bellevue Hospital College Medical Society; 
New York Neurological Society and the Century Club. 
The story of Dr. Mabon's life and services to the State of New York 
is the progress made in the care of the insane for the last thirty years. 
There is not a feature in the hospitalization of the institution's reform 
in the laws which influence commitment and treatment and extension 
of the work into the community in which he did not have a leading 
part. His skillfulness and tactfulness in dealing with public officials, 
his opposition to lowering the standards of care and treatment, were 
marked characteristics in his life. His encouragement and example 
to young physicians have led many of the most prominent members 
of the medical fraternity in different states to take up the care of men- 
tal diseases as their life work. Dr. Mabon's death occurred February 
9, 1917; the Legislature of the State of New York on receipt of the 
news, out of respect to his memory, adjourned. In his death the 
insane poor of New York lost their best friend; the reforms in their 
treatment which he did so much to secure and the high level which 
he aided in establishing will continue for many years to determine 
standards in the treatment of mental diseases, not only in the State in 
which he lived and worked, but in the wide field in which his influence 
was felt. 
AA/'ILLIAM JAMES MORTON, a New York City physician who 
' v has gained merited note as an authority on neurology and 
electro-therapeutics, and also by reason of his discovery of what in the 
scientific world is known as "Morton's current," of much value to 
surgeons in the use of Roentgen rays, is a native of Boston, Massa- 
chusetts, having been born in that city on July 3, 1845, the son of 
Dr. William T. G. and Elizabeth (Whitman) Morton. On both sides, 
Dr. Morton comes of respected American families of early Colonial 
associations, his paternal great-grandfather, Thomas Morton, a Scotch- 
man, having originally settled in Mendon, Massachusetts, but later 
migrated to New Jersey, where subsequently he owned several thou- 
sand acres of land, including the site upon which now stands Eliza- 
bethtown. His maternal lineage connects him with Ensign John Whit- 
man, a freeman of Weymouth, Massachusetts, in 1638, and later 
prominent in the colony. 
William J. Morton received good elementary and intermediate edu- 
cation, and after classical study at the Boston Latin School, he entered 
Harvard University, being at that time nineteen years of age. Three 
years later he graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and for 
about one year thereafter followed academic occupation, in the 
capacity of principal of the high school at Gardner, Massachusetts. 
However, in 1868, with the intention of ultimately entering the medi- 
cal profession, he matriculated at Harvard University Medical School, 
and while prosecuting his study of the lectures thereat he also BIOGRAPHICAL 
395 
observed and participated in much clinical work. In 1868 he became 
identified with the Massachusetts General Hospital as house pupil; in 
1869 was resident student in the Discharged Soldiers' Home, Bos- 
ton ; in that year he was assistant to surgeon of out-door department 
of Massachusetts General Hospital, of which hospital he was, in 1871, 
appointed house surgeon, so that his undergraduateship was unusually 
well occupied in practical work. His graduation at the Medical School 
gained him, in 1872, the Harvard University degree of Doctor of 
Medicine, and also much collegiate honor by his success in securing 
the Boylston prize for an able thesis on anaesthetics. Dr. Morton, as 
a matter of fact, graduated in 1871, and was one of the first to gradu- 
ate at Harvard under the system of written examinations, but he did 
not receive his degree until the following year. 
In 1872 Dr. Morton was district physician to the Boston Dispen- 
sary, immediately after relinquishing which appointment he journeyed 
to Bar Harbor, Maine, where he opened office, and for a while prac- 
tised. The same year, however, he returned to Boston to engage in 
general practice, but after pursuing the intention for about a year he 
went to Europe, and during a valuable post-graduate course of two 
years duration, under the preceptorship of eminent medical scientists 
in the famous medical centres of Vienna and Paris, added very con- 
siderably to his knowledge of medicine. Instead of returning to 
America, Dr. Morton was attracted to South Africa, and spent the 
years 1874-76 chiefly at Kimberley, where in addition to practicing 
his profession he engaged in diamond mining. In 1876 he left South 
Africa for Europe, remaining there for purposes of medical research 
mainly, for two years, and then returned to America, settling in New 
York City, where in 1879 he was appointed physician of the depart- 
ment of nervous diseases at the Metropolitan Throat Hospital, a 
position he held until 1885. So that he might execute further research 
in the branch of medicine in which he specialized, Dr. Morton re- 
turned to Paris in 1880, and for several months studied under Pro- 
fessor Charcot, at the Salpetriere, Paris, after which he returned to 
New York City to resume his professional duties there. Dr. Morton, 
a writer of much ability, entered the literary field prominently in 
1879, as proprietor and editor of the Journal of Nervous and Mental 
Diseases, which publication he continued until 1885. He also was 
associate editor of Neurological Contributions during the years 
1880-84, and has written voluminously on medical subjects, some of 
the works of which he is the author being referred to later herein. 
In 1880 Dr. Morton became Assistant Professor of Diseases of the 
Mind and Nervous System in the New York Post Graduate Medical 
School and Hospital, and he acted as such until 1882, when he was 
appointed Adjunct Professor of same department and school, officiat- 
ing thereas until 1885; since 1890 he has occupied the chair of Diseases 
of the Mind and Nervous System and Electro-Therapeutics at the Post- 
Graduate Medical School. Dr. Morton was also, during the years 
1880-85, of the faculty of the University of Vermont, holding the Pro- 
fessorship of Nervous Diseases thereat. 396 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Dr. Morton came prominently before the medical world in 1880, 
when it became known that he had devised certain mechanism, consist- 
ing of a Holtz or influence machine, and Leyden jars, by means of 
which a new order of electric current was established (condenser cur- 
rents in rapid discharge) and named by him the "static induced cur- 
rent. ' ' Some years later others began experimenting with this current 
and mechanism, and the "Tesla effects" which have excited so much 
wonder were the result. By the aid of the "Morton current," as it is 
called in the scientific world, the X-ray may be conveniently produced, 
and Dr. Morton was probably the first physician in American to make 
X-ray pictures. Dr. Morton's other outstanding contributions to the 
advancement of medical science were the discovery, in 1894, of an 
electro-chemical method of staining tissues preparatory to microscopic 
examination, and in 1895 an electrical use of guaiacol in combination 
with cocaine, establishing a new and practical means of local anaes- 
thesia in surgery and dentistry. 
Dr. Morton has been a frequent literary contributor to the leading 
medical periodicals of the country, and is the author of many im- 
portant and well-received works, some of the more important of his 
writings being: "The X-Ray," 1896; "Electric Medicamental Diffu- 
sion, or Cataphoresis and its Relation to Dental Surgery," 1896; "An 
X-Ray Picture of a Living Human Head," 1897; "Cataphoresis," 
1898; "Cases of Sciatic and Brachial Neuritis and Neuralgia-Treat- 
ment and Cure by Electro-Static Currents," 1899; "Electro-Static 
Currents, and the Cure of Locomotor Ataxia, Rheumatoid Arthritis, 
Neuritis, Migraine, Incontinence of Urine, Sexual Impotence, and 
Uterine Fibroids," 1899; "The Use of Electricity in Chronic Rheu- 
matism," 1900; "The Treatment of a Malignant Growth by the X- 
Ray, with a Provisional Report on Cases under Treatment," 1902; 
"Radiotherapy for Cancer and other Diseases," 1902; "Recent Ad- 
vances in Electro-Therapeutics," 1902; "Some cases treated by the 
X-Ray," 1903; "Treatment of Cancer by the X-Ray, with Remarks 
on the Use of Radium," 1903; "Artificial Fluorescence of Living Tis- 
sue in Relation to Disease," 1904; "Local Amesthesia by Cataphoresis, 
and by Mechanical Pressure," 1905; "Radiotherapy and Surgery, 
with a Plea of Preoperative Radiations," 1905; "Memoranda Relating 
to the Discovery of Surgical Anaesthesia, and Dr. Wm. T. G. Morton's 
Relation to this Event," 1905; Recent Advances in Electro-Thera- 
peutics," 1905; "Artificial Fluorescence in the Treatment of Disease," 
1905; "Cataphoresis," printed in the Russian language, and pub- 
lished at Moscow, Russia, in 1897. Dr. Morton's writings other than 
upon medical subjects include "South African Diamond Fields;" 
"To South Africa for Diamonds;" and "A Flying Visit to Mexico." 
Respecting Dr. Morton's discovery of the "static induced current," 
the eminent Leopold Freund, of Vienna, in his work which now stands 
pre-eminent upon the subject of general radiotherapy, commented as 
follows: 
"Treatment with High-Frequency Currents: High-Frequency Currents. In 
the year 1881 Morton described a method of using electricity for the local treat- BIOGRAPHICAL 
397 
ment of muscle and nerve disorders. He brought the terminals of the discharge 
of an electrical machine so near together that sparks passed between them. He 
then put his patient to the circuit connecting the tinfoils of the condensers. 
Morton was the first to produce by means of this arrangement, and to therapeu- 
tically apply high-frequency currents, for he had used the oscillating character of 
the condenser-discharge to increase the frequency of the alternating current. 
The condensers were charged in this case through an induction apparatus. 
Morton's high tnsion oscillating currents have been used by Ludoc and F. 
Winkler in similar affections, and of course with results similar to those pro- 
duced by other forms of high-frequency apparatus." 
Honored by many of the leading medical organizations of the coun- 
try, Dr. Morton at present is affiliated with: New York Academy of 
Medicine; New York Neurological Society, president, 1894; New York 
Electro-Therapeutic Society, president, 1894; Massachusetts Medical 
Society; American Electro-Therapeutic Association, president, 1893; 
American Neurological Society; Harvard Medical Society, New York, 
president, 1893; Alumni Association of Harvard Medical School; 
American Medical Association; Societe Francaise d'Electro-Therapie; 
the Roentgen Society of London, England; Boylston Medical Society, 
of Boston, president, 1872, and the American Roentgen Ray Society. 
Dr. Morton belongs to the Congress of American Physicians and Sur- 
geons, and was delegate to the International Medical Congress in 
Rome, Italy, in 1894. The marriage of Dr. Morton was in 1880, to 
Elizabeth Campbell, daughter of Colonel Washington Lee, of Wilkes- 
Barre, Pennsylvania. 
JAMES ARTHUR BOOTH, eminent neurologist, president of the 
New York Medico-Surgical Society, vice-president of the New York 
Neurological Society, president of the neurological section of the 
Academy of Medicine, and president of St. Luke's Hospital Alumni 
Association, occupies a foremost place of prominence as a consulting 
neurologist in New York City. With a just appreciation of the func- 
tions of the medical profession in its relation to the community at 
large, and possessing sterling equipment of learning and skill, Dr. 
Booth represents the best ideals of his profession-the type that has 
given so high a prestige to the profession in the metropolis, a medical 
faculty second to none in the world. 
James Arthur Booth was born at Providence, Rhode Island, May 
31,1856, a son of Ralph Wilcox and Julia (Daily) Booth. He received 
a thorough classical education at Cornwall Institute, New York, and 
Columbia University, graduating from the latter with the degree of 
Bachelor of Arts, in 1878. He studied medicine at the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons under the preceptorships of Drs. Thomas T. 
Sabine, Francis Delafield, and F. H. Markoe, graduating with the 
degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1882. He then served two years, 
1882-84, on the house staff of St. Luke's Hospital as junior, senior, 
and house surgeon, and was afterwards successively connected with 
the nervous department of the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hos- 
pital, the genito-urinary department of the New York dispensary, the 
heart and lungs department, New York Polyclinic Hospital, and the 398 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
surgical department, Northern Dispensary, 1885-1895. He is at pres- 
ent consulting neurologist to the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat, and 
French hospitals, and the Perth Amboy and Englewood hospitals of 
New Jersey. Among his numerous contributions to medical literature 
we note the following: "Hysterical Amblyopia and Amaurosis," 
August 24, 1895; "Results of Partial Thyriodectomy, " August, 1898; 
"Tumor of Brain," 1899; "Radical Cure of Exophthalmic Goitre," 
"June 5, 1902; "Diagnostic Symptoms of Brain Tumor," 1903; 
"Treatment of Graves Disease," June 15, 1907; "Myasthenia Gravis," 
November, 1908; " Syringomelia, " May 27, 1909; and "Adiposis Do- 
lorosa," May 27, 1909. Dr. Booth married, December 22, 1886, Cor- 
nelia Olcott, a daughter of George M. and Jennie A. Olcott, and they 
had the following children: 1. Arthur Olcott, born January 1, 1888; 
married, July 2, 1913, Amy Humiston, and they have one daughter, 
Janet Athalia, born May 29, 1916. Mr. and Mrs. Booth reside in 
London, where Mr. Booth is the London representative of Dodge & 
Olcott, wholesale drug house, of New York. 2. Julian Waldo, born 
August 9, 1899; married April 24, 1918, a daughter of Dr. Allen, of 
Jersey City. They reside at Montclair, New Jersey. Mr. Booth is 
with Brown Brothers, bankers. 3. Eric, born April 12, 1891. 4. Helen 
M., born April 8, 1894. 5. Janet, born March 20, 1896; married, Sep- 
tember 6, 1916, Joseph Epps Brown, Jr., and they have one daugh- 
ter, born October 14, 1917, at No. 123 Remsen Street, Brooklyn. 
In addition to the societies mentioned above, Dr. Booth is a member 
of the New York County Medical Society, the New York Academy of 
Medicine, the American Neurological Association, a member of the 
council of the Alumni Association, College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons, and president of the Alumni Association of St. Luke's Hos- 
pital, also president of the Columbia D. K. E. Association, and a mem- 
ber of the Columbia University Club. 
The Booth family is an ancient one in New England. Horace Booth, 
grandfather of Dr. Booth, owned a farm at New Britain, Connecticut, 
and donated to the city the sight for the present public park. Ralph 
W. Booth, father of Dr. Booth, was born at New Britain, but went 
to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1844, as a young man, where he became a 
pioneer in the firm of Clark & Booth, afterwards R. W. Booth & Com- 
pany, in the hardware jobbing trade in the Central West, and built 
the first five-story building erected in Cincinnati. Charleton Booth, a 
brother of Dr. Booth, is a well-known New England poet and author, 
while his maternal great-grandfather, Captain Henry Sherman, served 
in the Revolutionary War. 
AVILLIAM MECKLENBURG POLK.-As one of the most dis- 
' * tinguished physicians of his generation in New York, Dr. Wil- 
liam M. Polk filled a foremost place not only in the professional world 
of the city hut in the public eye. Belonging to a family of great his- 
toric tradition, he worthily carried on in his career of over forty-five 
years the noble counsels of a chivalric race, as well as the high ideals 
of this the finest of the professions. He was the son of Leonidas and BIOGRAPHICAL 
399 
Frances (Devereux) Polk, and was born at Ashwood, Maury county, 
Tennessee, August 15, 1844. Leonidas Polk came of a remarkable 
family of patriots who had a long record of service to the State on 
the Scottish border as fighters and leaders. The American progenitor, 
after service in the Parliamentary army, sailed, upon the accession of 
the second Charles, to the American plantations, and arrived on the 
Eastern Shore of Maryland in 1659. A number of distinguished men 
in the Colony was furnished by the family, and a record of all the 
services of those Polks, even of the direct line of the subject of this 
sketch, would be of cumbrous length. 
Thomas Polk, the great-grandfather of Dr. William M. Polk, settled, 
in 1753, in Mecklenburg, North Carolina, and was a conspicuous 
figure in all the patriotic movements which culminated in the Revolu- 
tion. In 1771 he was for a second time a member of the provincial 
assembly of North Carolina, and was a leading spirit in the framing 
of the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence, that document which 
many historians hold preceded the Philadelphia Declaration by a 
year. He participated in the Revolution as a colonel, and for three 
years served directly under Washington. His son William took up the 
sword in behalf of the country at the age of seventeen. Before he was 
eighteen years old he took command of his regiment and marched it 
into the Jerseys to join the army of General Washington, under whom 
he served for several years. Leonidas Polk, a son of William Polk, 
was born in 1806, and was graduated from the United States Military 
Academy at West Point in 1827. While at the academy he had come 
under the influence of Charles P. Mcllvaine, chaplain of the institu- 
tion, and afterwards bishop of Ohio. Two years after leaving the 
academy Leonidas Polk was induced by this man to resign his com- 
mission and enter the ministry of the Episcopal church. Fervent, 
gifted, and dominating, he was a man of constructive genius, and the 
establishment of the University of the South, at Sewanee, was largely 
due to his efforts. Upon the outbreak of the Civil War he entered 
heartily into the plans of the leaders, and made many valuable con- 
tributions to the operations of the defence. In June, 1861, he accepted 
a commission as major-general in the Confederate army, and was 
placed in command of all that territory extending from the mouth of 
the Red River on both sides of the Mississippi to Cairo, with head- 
quarters at Memphis. He took part in many important operations 
and was finally killed by a stray cannon ball while with a reconnoiter- 
ing party. He married Frances Ann, daughter of John Devereux, of 
Raleigh, North Carolina, and left eight children, one of whom was 
William M. Polk, the subject of the present biographical notice. 
Dr. William M. Polk received his early education in Marion, Ala- 
bama, and at St. James College, Maryland, his preparations for the 
Military Institute at Lexington, Virginia, being made in the latter 
school. This academy was then under the supervision of General 
Thomas (Stonewall) Jackson. William M. Polk was seventeen years 
of age when the war between the states broke out, and his military 
training made him of immediate value to his government. His first 400 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
assignment of duty under General Jackson was as drillmaster of troops 
in Richmond, later serving as drillmaster of Tennessee troops under 
General Zollicoffer. From April, 1861, to May, 1865, Dr. Polk was 
continually in active service, and few men on either side took part in 
more engagements than did he. He was engaged in the battles of 
Columbus (Kentucky), New Madrid, Fort Pillow, Shiloh, the siege 
of Corinth, Munfordsville, Perryville, Stone River, Tullahoma, Chick- 
amauga, Chattanooga, the Meridian campaign, Resaca, New Hope 
Church, Kennesaw, Atlanta, Allatoona, Franklin, Nashville, Blakely, 
Mobile, and was at the final surrender at Meridian, Mississippi, in 
May, 1865. He was second lieutenant in Bankhead's Battery, of 
Smith's Brigade, at Columbus, Kentucky, in 1861. In May, 1863, he 
was appointed assistant chief of artillery in Polk's corps, later adju- 
tant to regiment of artillery, Stewart's corps, and subsequently cap- 
tain in the adjutant general's department, Army of the Tennessee, on 
the staff of General Joseph E. Johnston. His position in the army 
was such as to bring him into personal contact with many of the lead- 
ing men of the Southern organization, among whom were: General 
Albert Sidney Johnston, General Joseph E. Johnston, General Bragg, 
General Beauregard, General Hardee, General Wheeler, and General 
Forrest. Reminiscences of these men and of his life during the war 
were incorporated in a volume of memoirs of his father, published by 
Dr. Polk in 1894. 
At the close of the war Dr. Polk accepted a position as superinten- 
dent of the out-door department of the Briarfield (Alabama) Iron 
Works, and here became interested in the study of medicine, beginning 
it under the direction of Dr. E. W. C. Bailey. He began the formal 
study of the subject at the medical department of Louisiana (now 
Tulane). In 1868 he came to New York and entered upon work in 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and was graduated from this 
in the following year, receiving at its hands the degree of Doctor of 
Medicine. He thereupon entered upon the prescribed work as an 
interne, obtaining a post at Bellevue Hospital, and serving in that 
capacity for a year and a half. While here he came into close personal 
contact with such men as Dr. John S. Metcalfe, Dr. Alonzo Clark, Dr. 
Austin Flint, Dr. James R. Wood, and Dr. Alfred L. Loomis, an ad- 
vantage of incalculable value when one considers the significance of 
great personality in the forming of high ideals of conduct. 
At the close of this service he received an appointment as curator 
of the pathological department of the hospital, and served in this 
position for another eighteen months. This experience was followed 
by an appointment to the position of Assistant Demonstrator of 
Anatomy in Bellevue Hospital, and was later promoted to the Pro- 
fessorship of Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Clinical Medicine in 
the same institution. Here he continued for four years, and then in 
1879 accepted the appointment to the chair of Obstetrics and the Dis- 
eases of Women in the medical department of the University of New 
York. Five years before this he had received the appointment as 
visiting physician at Bellevue Hospital, and in 1878 the same post at BIOGRAPHICAL 
401 
St. Luke's Hospital. Dr. Polk resigned his position on the staff of 
St. Luke's Hospital when he accepted the professorship at the Univers- 
ity in order to concentrate his attention upon gynaecological work in 
Bellevue. In this institution, in association with Dr. W. Gill Wylie 
and Dr. W. T. Lusk, he devoted himself to the building up of a large 
and important gynaecological service. As time passed Dr. Polk gradu- 
ally withdrew from the teaching of obstetrics and confined himself to 
gynaecology with the title of Professor of the Diseases of Women. In 
1890, Dr. Polk still further limited his work to the field of surgical 
gynaecology, and from that time on his surgical work was exclusively 
devoted to women. 
Through the generosity and interest of Colonel Oliver Payne, the 
medical department of Cornell University was created, in 1898, and at 
that time Dr. Polk received the honor of being appointed the dean 
of the faculty, a position which he held until his death. In this 
institution also he held the chair of the Diseases of Women. The 
credit for the organization of the department and the hard work 
connected with its successful carrying out is due to the two men, 
Dr. Polk and Dr. Louis Stimson. Dr. Polk threw himself into the 
labor of putting the school on a sure and stable foundation, and found 
able and capable associates to carry out his plans, the resulting de- 
partment being now recognized as one of the leading institutions of 
its kind in the country. In recent years Dr. Polk centred all his time 
and attention on the work of the medical department of Cornell Uni- 
versity, and to special surgical work in connection with the diseases 
of women, and to these two objects he devoted the last years of his 
life. 
The work of Dr. Polk was honored by election by his associates to 
many posts at the head of the medical societies. Dr. Polk was for- 
merly president of the American Gynaecological Society; president of 
the New York Obstetrical Society; vice-president of the New York 
Academy of Medicine; and was a member of the New York County 
Medical Association, of the Obstetrical Society, of the Pathological 
Society, and was corresponding fellow of the Societe Obstetricale 
Gynaecologique of Paris, France. He was also a member of the Cen- 
tury, and the Metropolitan clubs, and served as a vestryman of 
Trinity Church, New York. In 1893 the University of the South con- 
ferred upon this distinguished son of the South the degree of Doctor 
of Laws. Columbia University also conferred on him the degree of 
Doctor of Laws. 
Dr. Polk married, November 14, 1866, Ida Ashe Lyon, of Demopolis, 
Alabama. She is the daughter of the late Honorable Francis S. 
Lyon, a distinguished lawyer, who was for many years representative 
in Congress of the middle district of Alabama. To him was due some 
of the most valuable constructive work on the finances of the State. 
He was appointed after the financial crisis of 1837 one of a committee 
of three by the Legislature, and succeeded in having his plans adopted, 
and the measures he suggested saved the credit of the State and placed 
its finances on so sound a foundation that repudiation was avoided 402 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
and the State has been thoroughly solvent ever since that day. Dr. 
and Mrs. Polk had two sons: Honorable Frank Lyon Polk, a dis- 
tinguished lawyer and publicist, at present counselor for the Depart- 
ment of State, born September 13, 1871; and John Metcalfe Polk, 
M.D., born May 5, 1875, engaged in the practice of medicine in New 
York City, died March 29, 1904. Dr. William M. Polk died June 23, 
1918. 
yyiLLIAM CHITTENDEN LUSK, successful surgeon of New 
' v York City, fellow of the American College of Surgeons, Profes- 
sor of Clinical Surgery at the University and Bellevue Medical Col- 
lege, New York University, and a consulting surgeon to St. Vincent's 
and the Manhattan State hospitals, was born in Guilford, Connecticut, 
July 23, 1868, the son of William Thompson and Mary Hartwell (Chit- 
tenden) Lusk. The Lusk family is of Scottish origin, and in its 
American connection has place in early Colonial history, Dr. William 
Chittenden Lusk being in the sixth generation of direct lineal de- 
scent from John Lusk, who was one of the early settlers of Wethers- 
field, Connecticut. His maternal lineage also connects with America 
of Colonial times, William Chittenden, the American progenitor of 
the family from which his mother sprang, having settled at Guilford, 
Connecticut, in 1639. 
William C. Lusk, after the customary rudimentary education in the 
public schools, entered the Polytechnic Institute, Brooklyn, New York, 
where he graduated in 1885, being thus able to matriculate at Yale 
University, to which he proceeded. He followed the academic course 
thereof with success, graduating with the class of 1890, and being 
awarded the University's degree of Bachelor of Arts. He then jour- 
neyed to New York City with the intention of becoming a student of 
medicine, and lost no time in enrolling himself for the full medical 
course at Bellevue Hospital Medical College, which some years later 
was amalgamated with the Medical College of New York University. 
In 1893 he had the satisfaction of appreciating that he was a registered 
physician, the possessor of the degree of Doctor of Medicine, and 
entitled to enter into the practice of medicine at his pleasure. But 
he elected now to establish himself in private practice until after he 
had had further and extensive practical experience as a hospital 
interne. He therefore became a member of the house staff of Belle- 
vue Hospital, where he labored observantly during the years 1893-95. 
While there he was also able to initiate and pursue much research 
which, in addition to the familiarity he, as house surgeon, acquired 
with the practical side of medicine, stood him in good stead in his 
subsequent practice, and in his professorial duties. In 1895 Dr. Lusk 
was appointed chief of the surgical division at Bellevue Hospital Medi- 
cal College, and in that year became Assistant Demonstrator in 
anatomy, holding the position until 1898, when the Bellevue Hospital 
Medical College was merged with the University of New York. Under 
the new administration, Dr. Lusk became Lecturer in Anatomy at 
the combined University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, acting BIOGRAPHICAL 
403 
as such until 1902, when he became Lecturer on Diseases of the Rec- 
tum, and the following year was appointed to the chair of Clinical 
Surgery, remaining a member of the faculty of the New York Uni- 
versity. 
Dr. Lusk has been identified with the staffs of some of the leading 
hospitals, and his skill as a surgeon has brought him an abundance 
of practice. During the years 1895 to 1899, he was visiting surgeon 
to the Almshouse Hospital, and occupied similar capacity at the 
Workhouse from 1895 to 1904. He was appointed assistant visiting 
surgeon to the Bellevue Hospital in 1899, and has ever since held that 
staff connection with the famous hospital. In 1903 Dr. Lusk became 
consulting surgeon to the Manhattan State Hospital, which appoint- 
ment he has since continuously held. He holds similar capacity at the 
St. Vincent's Hospital. Much of Dr. Lusk's research work has been 
placed into written record by him for the benefit of the profession, 
many of his monographs and articles having appeared in the pages of 
periodical professional journals. Dr. Lusk has the dinstinction of 
being a fellow of the American College of Surgeons, and he also takes 
active and prominent part in the proceedings of many other medical 
organizations. Among the societies of which he is a member are: 
American Medical Association; the Medical Society of the State of 
New York; the New York Academy of Medicine; the New York Sur- 
gical Society; the New York County Medical Association; and the 
Alumni Association of Bellevue Hospital. His social affiliations in- 
clude membership in the following clubs: Century, University, Metro- 
politan, and New York Riding. His office is at No. 47 East 34th 
Street, New York City. 
JUSTIN HEROLD, who has been a member of the medical frater- 
J nity of New York City for more than thirty years, and has been 
prominent in medico-legal circles, was born in New York City, Janu- 
ary 14, 1861, the son of Hieronimus and Mary Anna (Radle) Herold, 
natives of Germany and Alsace respectively. 
Almost the whole of the academic and scientific education of Justin 
Herold was obtained in New York City; during his early years he at- 
tended St. Nicholas Parish school, later proceeding to St. Vincent's 
College, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, and subsequently re- 
turning to New York City, so that he might enter the Manhattan 
College for higher classical instruction. In due course he graduated 
therefrom, and gained the degree of Bachelor of Arts, class of 1877, 
and ten years later received from this well-known collegiate institution 
the honorary degree of Master of Arts. 
In 1878 Justin Herold began to study medicine, and in that year 
became a student at the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, which 
famous medical college was subsequently merged with the medical 
college of the New York University. His medical preceptor was Pro- 
fessor E. J. Messemer, and he attended the lectures for the full course 
of three years, observing much practical hospital work in addition, so 
that after graduating, on March 10, 1882, he was well-equipped to 404 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
enter upon the actual practice of the profession his medical degree 
made him a member of. However, he elected to gain further varied 
practical experience before entering into general private practice, and 
he accordingly accepted appointment as house physician and surgeon 
to St. Vincent's Hospital, New York City, where he remained for an 
interneship of eighteen months, which ended on April 1,1884. During 
1883 and 1884 Dr. Herold also undertook professorial duties as assist- 
ant to Professor James L. Little, at the New York Post-Graduate Med- 
ical School. 
Commencing his private practice of medicine on April 1, 1884, Dr. 
Herold soon found himself with many professional duties; in 1885 he 
was appointed coroner's physician for New York City and county, 
an appointment of much importance and rarely entrusted to so young 
a physician. In fact, at that time, and probably since, Dr. Herold was 
the youngest physician ever appointed to that office in the city. But 
he performed the arduous duties of the office ably, and was main- 
tained in the position during the years 1885-1888. In this official 
capacity more than twelve thousand cases passed under his observa- 
tion and examination, among them the sudden death of William K. 
Vanderbilt. He performed twenty-two hundred autopsies, and was 
frequently called to the witness stand. It is probable that this offi- 
cial connection with the city administration during the years 1885- 
1888 was the factor which influenced Dr. Herold to take up medico- 
legal practice. He became an expert witness, and in his professional 
capacity figures in some of the most noted murder trials of the 
nineteenth century, and in some the proof hinged on the physician's 
autopsy and deductions. An idea of the extent to which Dr. Herold's 
expert services in this connection were requisitioned may be gathered 
from knowledge of the fact that prior to the close of the ninteenth 
century he had testified professionally on the witness stand more 
than two hundred and fifty times. His services were in demand in 
accident and homicide cases. Of late years, however, he had applied 
himself more closely to his private general practice, which is sub- 
stantial. 
Dr. Herold is a talented writer, and has contributed some important 
papers to medical literature. Among his published writings may be 
noted: "Congenital Induration of Sterno Mastoid Muscle;" "Sui- 
cide;" "Instinct and Reason;" "Tables and Notes on Human 
Anatomy," an extensive work which was published by Lasker, of 
Philadelphia. Dr. Herold is a member of the Medical Society of 
the State of New York, and the County Medical Society, and also 
is affiliated with the New York Physicians' Mutual Aid Society, and 
is a fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine. He has been 
a State examiner in lunacy for twenty-eight years, having been ap- 
pointed in 1888 by Judge McAdam, and it is of interest to record 
that, prior to entering upon the study of medicine with the inten- 
tion of becoming a practitioner, Dr. Herold took two courses in the 
allied pharmaceutical line at the New York College of Pharmacy. 
On March 2, 1886, Dr. Herold married Adele Frey, of New York BIOGRAPHICAL 
405 
City. Dr. Herold's office is at No. 30 East Forty-second Street, New 
York City, though his large practice takes him all over the city. 
UENRY ERNEST SCHMIDT, of White Plains, New York, who 
has practised the profession of medicine in many parts of the 
world, and has been a member of the medical fraternity of New York 
State for more than fifty years, for which period he has been one 
of the foremost physicians of Westchester county, and during which 
long period of activity he has been the recipient of many public 
and professional honors, was born of German parents in Saxony, 
Germany, on May 1, 1834. His father, a gentleman of studious mind 
and pronounced literary ability, was connected with the publishing 
house of Tauchnitz, and was wishful that his son's endeavors should 
follow the same direction. Accordingly, Henry Ernest Schmidt was 
given considerable instruction in classics; was placed in the great 
Latin School of Halle, and his education thereat was supplemented 
by a special advance literary course under private tutors. Mean- 
while, however, his father, whose disposition was as conscientious 
as his mind was studious, incurred the displeasure of government 
officials, and thereby brought upon himself ministerial censure. This 
brought much discomfiture to the Schmidt family, and materially 
influenced the son's life. Shortly afterwards, in 1853, young Schmidt 
came to America, settling in Virginia. He was not fitted for heavy 
labor, but his intellectual capabilities stood him in good stead, and 
a natural aptitude for medicine became manifest in him in his study 
and reading of the science at Winchester, Virginia, which decided 
him later to pursue further medical studies at the University of 
Virginia, at Charlottesville. From that institution Schmidt pro- 
ceeded to the University of Pennsylvania, where he took a special 
course in medicine, after passing through which he, for a time, while 
considering how to best employ his medical knowledge, followed 
journalistic work in Baltimore, Maryland. In 1859 Dr. Schmidt was 
influenced to participate in medical missionary work, and for that 
purpose he placed himself and his medical knowledge at the disposal 
of the Episcopal Board of Foreign Missions, under the auspices of 
which organization he proceeded to Japan, and at Nagasaki, Japan, 
established a large hospital, the first of its kind, to manifest suc- 
cessful operation, his administration of the charge proving beneficial, 
both from professional and Christian standpoints. His service was 
unselfish, so much so that while successful in his professional treat- 
ment of the ailments of others, he failed to heed the indications of 
physical weakness in himself, and eventually failing health com- 
pelled him to resign his appointment and seek recuperation by a sea 
voyage. Consequently he accepted a position as interpreter on board 
the flagship of an English surveying fleet, and in that capacity 
visited Corea, Northern China, Borneo, Java, and Sumatra. While 
off the coast of Africa the fleet suffered severely during a typhoon, 
and in consequence was forced to put into Cape Town for extensive 
repairs. While these were being effected, Dr. Schmidt made an ex- 406 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
tensive tour into the interior of South Africa, and later visited the 
Island of St. Helena, the Island of Ascension, the Azores, and Canary 
Islands, en route to England, where he remained until 1862, when 
he took passage to the United States. 
Before going abroad in 1859, Dr. Schmidt had made a brief visit 
to White Plains, New York, and on his return three years later de- 
cided to establish himself in professional practice in that town. Since 
that time he has been in continuous practice in White Plains, and 
has gained an estimable reputation as an able physician, having an 
extensive practice in White Plains and Westchester county, and hav- 
ing many patients in other parts of the State. He has been identified 
with some of the leading hospitals of the neighborhood for many 
years, having been physician in charge of St. Vincent's Retreat for 
the Insane, and chief physician of White Plains Hospital. While 
the benefit of his research in medicine has mainly manifested itself 
in actual practice, he has contributed some valuable papers on medi- 
cal matters to the deliberation of some of the medical societies to 
which he belongs. Among other medical organizations of which Dr. 
Schmidt is a member are the American Medical Association, the 
Medical Society of the State of New York, and the Westchester 
County Medical Association. Dr. Schmidt's studious inclination has 
also found vent in many other activities. An active member of the 
Oriental Society, and of the American Association for the Advance- 
ment of Science, Dr. Schmidt while in Japan made many valuable 
collections for the Smithsonian Institute. And in the educational 
affairs of White Plains, Dr. Schmidt has interested himself for many 
years as president and member of the Board of Education. He 
also has been president of the Board of Health. Always interested 
in church matters, and in the furtherance of the Christian religion, 
Dr. Schmidt has been an active worker and officer of the Episcopal 
church since his early manhood, and has been a member of Grace 
Church, White Plains, since his residence in that town took perma- 
nent shape. Although so advanced in years, Dr. Schmidt is still in 
active evidence at many local medical institutions. At the present 
time, in addition to being chief physician of White Plains Hospital 
and consulting physician to St. Vincent's Retreat, he is consulting 
physician to the Country Br. Orthopedic Hospital, and attending 
physician at the Caroline and Presbyterian Rest for Convalescents. 
Dr. Schmidt has been twice married. His first wife was Eugenia 
Prend'homme, whom he married shortly after returning from Japan. 
Mrs. Eugenia Prend'homme Schmidt died in 1884, having been the 
mother of three daughters. In 1888 Dr. Schmidt married (second) 
Mrs. D. J. Tripp, of White Plains, New York. 
AA/INFRED MORGAN HARTSHORN, of New York City, was 
born at Ellsworth Falls, Maine, on April 27, 1874, son of 
Frederick Erastus and Stella Anette (Hotchkiss) Hartshorn. Fred- 
erick Hartshorn was a lumber dealer, interested in Maine timber 
lands at the time of the birth of his son, Winfred M., but later he BIOGRAPHICAL 
407 
removed to Massachusetts, and still later to Colorado, in the district 
schools of which states the primary education of Winfred M. was 
chiefly obtained. The boy subsequently prepared for college at Cutler 
Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado, and at Hopkins Grammar 
School, New Haven, Connecticut, and then entered Yale University, 
in the class of 1898. 
His academic education creditably complete, Winfred Morgan 
Hartshorn then devoted his time exclusively to the study of medi- 
cine, for one year remaining as a student at the Yale Medical Col- 
lege, and then taking a three-year course at the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons, Columbia University, successfully graduating there- 
from with the degree of Doctor of Medicine, in 1902. Since May, 
1902, Dr. Hartshorn has been in constant practice of his profession, 
and by his official connection with some of the leading hospitals has 
materially added to his proficiency and knowledge of medicine, par- 
ticularly of the branch, children's diseases, in which he has under- 
taken special research, and of which he is now an authority. From 
May 1, 1902, to April 30, 1903, he was on the house staff of the New 
York Nursery and Child's Hospital; then for a year he held staff 
appointment at New Haven Hospital, concurrently holding a similar 
connection with the Sloane Maternity Hospital, of the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons, New York City. He has received three 
appointments to New Haven hospitals, and has been successively 
assistant attending physician, and attending physician, at the Sea 
Side Hospital, and the St. John's Guild Floating Hospital, New 
York harbor, with both of which hospitals Dr. Hartshorn still re- 
tains association as attending physician. In February, 1905, Dr. 
Hartshorn opened an office for general practice at No. 200 West 
57 Street, New York City, later removing to No. 16, and still later 
to No. 50 Central Park West, at which latter address his office is at 
this writing (1919). During 1905-06 he lectured as Assistant Pro- 
fessor in Pathology at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Colum- 
bia University, and for the same period was assistant pathologist at 
the New York Nursery and Child's Hospital, of which institution 
he was appointed assistant attending physician in 1908. In 1914 Dr. 
Hartshorn was connected with Bellevue Medical College as instructor 
in diseases of children, and on January 1, 1915, was appointed as- 
sistant in pediatrics at Roosevelt Hospital, out-patients department; 
also specializing in children's diseases in the clinics of the hospital. 
Dr. Hartshorn belongs to the following medical organizations: Medi- 
cal Society of the State of New York; American Medical Associa- 
tion, of which he is a fellow; New York County Medical Society; 
Academy of Medicine; Society of Alumni of Sloane Hospital for 
Women; Roosevelt Hospital Alumni Association; and Society of 
Alumni of St. John's Hospital, Brooklyn. He holds faithful mem- 
bership in the Central Presbyterian Church of New York City; is 
active in the Medical Reserve Corps of the United States army; and 
is a member of the Yale University Club, New York City. Dr. 
Hartshorn's contributions to medical bibliography have not been 408 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
many, as he has given his time more to actual demonstration and 
experiment than to writing, but one should be mentioned-his 11 Feed- 
ing of Older Infants and Children," which monograph appeared in 
the Medical Record of June 27, 1903. 
On January 1, 1905, in New York City, Dr. Hartshorn married 
Edith May, daughter of Charles Adam Lieb, of New York City. They 
have one son, Stephen Hotchkiss, born March 31, 1908. 
LJ GRACE ERNEST AYERS, fellow of the American College of 
1 1 Surgeons, specialist in surgery and gynaecology, and head of 
the department of gynaecology of the New York Homoeopathic Medi- 
cal College, occupies a representative place of prominence in his 
chosen field of practice-a statement which derives additional weight 
from the circumstance that Dr. Ayres is comparatively a young 
man not yet in the prime of life. His career offers a marked ex- 
ception to the rule that honors in the medical profession are of slow 
growth and late maturity. 
Dr. Ayres was born in Ontario, Canada, thirty-nine years ago. He 
received his early education in the public schools of Ontario, Dwight 
School, New York, and graduated from the New York Homoeopathic 
Medical College with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1909. Fol- 
lowing his graduation he served as an interne at Flower Hospital 
for two years, when he entered Fordham Medical College, from 
which he graduated in 1912, receiving the degree of Doctor of Medi- 
cine from that institution. He thus entered upon the practice 
of medicine with an exceptional equipment of learning and skill. He 
served successively as assistant gynaecologist and gynaecologist at 
Flower Hospital Dispensary, and is now attending gynaecologist at 
Flower Hospital. He was first Assistant Professor of Gynaecology at 
the Homoeopathic Medical College, 1914-1917, and since then has 
been head of the department. Early deciding upon surgery and 
gynaecology for his special field of practice, he has been eminently 
successful. Dr. Ayers has prepared numerous papers on medical 
subjects, some that have been read before various medical bodies and 
others that have appeared in medical journals, and is the author of a 
"Synopsis of Gynaecology" that has been separately published for 
circulation. 
In addition to being a member of the American College of Sur- 
geons, he is also a member of the American Institute of Homoeopathy, 
the New York State Medical Society, the County Medical Society 
and the New York Pathological Society. He is president of the Alpha 
Sigma fraternity; a Mason; a member of the Knights of Pythias; the 
Broadway Country, and the New York Tennis clubs. A member of 
the United States Medical Reserve Corps, now in service with the 
rank of captain, Dr. Ayers' military experience dates from 1900-03, 
when, as a member of the Canadian Volunteers, he received a gold 
medal for proficiency as a drill master. Fond of athletic sports, Dr. 
Ayers possesses several championship cups won at tennis, and was for BIOGRAPHICAL 
409 
six years director of physical training for the railroad Young Men's 
Christian Association in New York. Dr. Ayers lives an active life, 
and while his energies have been consistently devoted to his pro- 
fession, he is, however, amenable to the pleasures of society and 
friendship, is highly esteemed by his fellow practitioners, and is 
popular with all with whom he is thrown in contact. 
^HOMAS F. McPARLAN, who for twenty-five years has been a 
1 member of the medical fraternity of New York City, is the son 
of James and Frances Trainque (Clark) McFarlan. His descent is 
in direct line from Abraham Clark, one of the signers of the Declara- 
tion of Independence, who was an inflexible patriot, and a man of 
much influence and distinction in National legislative circles and State 
legal activities of his day. 
Befitted for a collegiate course by a good rudimentary education 
obtained in private and public schools of New York City, Thomas 
F. McParlan eventually entered Manhattan College, and there, three 
years later, succeeded in gaining the degree of Bachelor of Arts, ulti- 
mately having conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts, 
with the attainment of which he was satisfied to turn his thoughts and 
time to other studies than of the arts and letters; in fact, after having 
received his first academic degree, he had determined henceforth 
to pursue the study of medicine, with which object in view he en- 
tered the Bellevue Hospital Medical College (which now is the medi- 
cal department of New York University) in 1888, and in 1891 was 
graduated therefrom with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. It was 
in that year also that he received the major degree. Master of Arts, 
of his academic alma mater, Manhattan College. Undergoing a post- 
graduateship in medicine by an interneship in St. Francis's Hospital, 
Dr. McParlan continued his clinical studies therein for two years 
after having gained the professional title, and during that period 
gained much valuable practical knowledge of medicine, so that when, 
in 1893, Dr. McParlan opened office in New York City for private 
practice, he was an able physician, subsequently emphasizing this by 
the acquirement of a practice of wide extent. 
Dr. McParlan has devoted much time to research and experiments, 
and stands in worthy repute as a specialist in gynaecology. He has 
been identified in professional capacities with many hospitals of New 
York City; in 1891-1893, which were the years of his interneship at 
St. Francis's Hospital, he gave special attention to gynaecological ob- 
servation and practice there, and during the same period, and for 
five years thereafter, was on the visiting staff of the Presbyterian 
Hospital Dispensary, and has been visiting physician at Demilt Dis- 
pensary since 1898. He is also on the visiting staff of St. Francis's 
Hospital, attending to electro-therapeutic cases thereat. Dr. McParlan 
belongs to the Medical Society of the State of New York, and to the 
New York County Medical Association. His office is at No. 1039 
Madison Avenue, New York City. 410 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
AAZ'ILLIAM DENNIS SCANLON, who has been engaged in the 
r v general practice of medicine in Brooklyn, is a native of Syra- 
cuse, New York, born March 7, 1881. His father was Dennis D. 
Scanlon, who was born in Tipperary, Ireland, and came to this 
country in his early childhood, and his mother was Bridget (Ryan) 
Scanlon, who came from Thurles, Ireland, at the age of eighteen. 
There were ten children of this marriage. 
At the age of twelve, Dr. Scanlon went to work doing what was 
practically the work of a man, helping on his father's ice-wagon, for 
two years. He then entered the Syracuse High School, paying his 
expenses by playing professional baseball. He did his freshman and 
sophomore years at Manhattan College, his junior year at Fordham 
University, and his last year at Syracuse, where he was graduated 
in 1902 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He studied medicine 
at the Long Island College Hospital, where he obtained his doctor's 
degree in 1907. He became, in 1902, a member of the pitching staff 
of the Base Ball National League, working for the Pittsburgh Club, 
and remained with them for a year. He then joined the Brooklyn 
Club, as pitcher, and continued as a "Dodger" until 1911. These 
dates indicate that his scholastic work was carried on at the same 
time as his athletic activities. During his ball-playing he also worked 
as interne, two years in the Kings County Hospital and six months 
in the Kingston Avenue Hospital, the name of "Doc Scanlon" being 
all this time a favorite with the ball-playing public. He was offered 
a thousand dollars increase in salary in 1911 to continue his work 
with the League, but declined in order to follow out his professional 
ambitions. He located in Brooklyn, where he has been engaged in a 
general practice, including such minor surgery as he finds desirable 
to perform. He does not entirely desert the sport with which he was 
so long identified and occasionally pitches for the Catholic Summer 
Schools at Ogdensburg and at Plattsburg, taking part also from time 
to time in the games on the Parade Ground, south of Prospect Park. 
Dr. Scanlon holds the position of assistant surgeon at the Harbor 
Hospital, and is a member of the medical staff of the Kings County 
Hospital. He is a member of the Medical Society of the County of 
Kings, the Medical Society of the State of New York, and of the 
American Pediatric Association. He is a member of the Holy Name 
Society, and is a Knight of Columbus. He and his family are all 
members of the Roman Catholic church. 
Dr. Scanlon married, November 15, 1910, Helen M. Tanner, of 
Utica, New York, and they have three children: John, William and 
Robert. 
T^DWARD MARSHALL HYLAND, a well-known figure in the 
professional circles of Utica, New York, was born in Columbus, 
New York, November 1, 1859, the son of Patrick and Mary (Condon) 
Hyland, his father having been a farmer of the State. Dr. Hy- 
land's early education was acquired at the local schools, from which 
he went in due course to the Hamilton Union High School, and later BIOGRAPHICAL 
411 
to Colgate Academy. He had early been attracted to a medical career, 
and these schools were to him the stepping stones to Bellevue Medi- 
cal College, from which he was graduated March 14, 1883, and re- 
ceived at the same time the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He 
has always specialized in surgery, though he has never given up en- 
tirely a general practice. He established himself in Utica, May 28, 
1883, and has ever since been identified with that city. Since 1893 
he has been the surgeon-in-charge of St. Elizabeth's Hospital, holding 
also the position of surgeon-in-charge at St. Joseph's Infant Home. 
For five years prior to his resignation he was the visiting surgeon to 
the General Hospital. Dr. Hyland was appointed the Public Health 
Officer of the city in 1890, but declined the honor. He is a member 
of the American Medical Association, of the New York State Medical 
Society, and of that of Oneida County. He also holds membership 
in the Medical Library Society of Utica. Outside of his professional 
activities and its affiliations, Dr. Hyland is a member of the Fort 
Schuyler and the Yohnandosis Golf clubs. 
Dr. Hyland married, June 21, 1892, in Chicago, Illinois, Agnes 
Brenock, daughter of John and Margaret Brenock, and they have three 
children: Edward John Brenock, born September 9, 1895; Edward 
Marshall, Jr., born November 25, 1898; and Daniel Francis, born 
December 14, 1905. 
T OHN SCOTT WOOD was born in Frankfort, Kentucky, September 
** 1, 1863, and is a son of James Monroe and Ann Mary (Belt) 
Wood. His uncle, William E. Wood, was prominent in New Orleans, 
Louisiana. Dr. Wood was educated at private schools in his native 
town, going from there to Georgetown College, in Georgetown, Ken- 
tucky, where he remained for two years. In 1883 he entered the 
Bellevue Hospital Medical College of New York, from which he 
was graduated in 1886 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He 
served an interneship of six months at Bellevue Hospital, of one year 
at Gouverneur Hospital, and of one year at the Brooklyn Hospital, 
during which time he paid special attention to diseases of the eye 
and ear. In 1889 he established himself in Brooklyn and took up 
the general practice of his profession. After two years of this work 
he confined himself to diseases of the eye and ear, and for the past 
few years to those of the eye exclusively. He has been surgeon to the 
Brooklyn Eye and Ear Hospital since 1898, and for several years 
has been the attending ophthalmic surgeon to the Kings County Hos- 
pital, to the Methodist Episcopal Hospital and to the Norwegian Hos- 
pital. Dr. Wood is a member of the Medical Society of the County 
of Kings, of the Medical Society of the State of New York, of the 
American Medical Association, of the American Ophthalmological 
Society, of the Brooklyn Ophthalmological Society, of the Brooklyn 
Pathological Society, of the Physicians' Mutual Aid Association, and 
on the social side to the Montauk Club. 
Dr. Wood married, February 1, 1893, Elizabeth Barrow, and they 
have four children: Kenneth Barrow, who was graduated from 412 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Williams College in 1916, and joined the Officers' Reserve Corps, at 
Plattsburg, New York; Meredith, who was graduated from Williams 
College in 1916, and is in the United States army, serving as lieu- 
tenant; Everett, who is a sophomore at Cornell University; and John 
Scott, Jr. 
Dr. Wood's great-grandfather, James Wood, came to America in 
1719, and after residing for a time in New York he settled in Indiana, 
where he married. His grandparents, John and Mary (Huston) 
Wood, went to Kentucky, and settled in Donerail, where the doctor's 
father was born, in 1824. His maternal ancestors came to Maryland 
with Lord Baltimore's colony, and settled in Prince Georges county. 
His great-grandfather, and grandfather, Joseph Isaac, settled in 
Kentucky in 1804. 
p^DWARD ARTHUR PARKER belongs to an old Virginian family, 
and was born March 15, 1869, in Portsmouth, Virginia, the son 
of William and Elizabeth (Thompson) Parker. He was educated in 
the public schools of Portsmouth, and at Rock Hill College, Mary- 
land, from which he was graduated in 1887 with the degree of 
Bachelor of Arts. A number of years later the degree of Master of 
Arts was conferred on him by the same institution. Upon leaving 
Rock Hill College he entered the University of Virginia, and matricu- 
lated for the purpose of going into the work of the medical school. 
He remained here for a year and then came to New York, where he 
matriculated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia 
University. From this institution he was graduated in 1890 with the 
degree of Doctor of Medicine. He then served an interneship of 
fifteen months in St. Mary's Hospital, after which he entered upon 
the general practice of his profession in Brooklyn. Dr. Parker has 
become recognized as one of the leading surgeons of the city, and holds 
the position of surgeon at St. Mary's Hospital and at the Williams- 
burg Hospital. He is a member of the Medical Society of the County 
of Kings, of the Brooklyn Medical Society, of the Brooklyn Surgical 
Society, of the Physicians' Mutual Aid Association, and of the St. 
Mary's Hospital Alumni Association. In 1909 Dr. Parker made an 
extended tour of Europe, visiting Paris, Vienna and Rome, besides 
other European cities, spending some time in the leading hospitals. 
Dr. Parker married, February 25, 1895, Emma P. Woeltje, and they 
have six children: William Gerard, Charles Woeltje, Mary Virginia, 
Elizabeth Phyllis, and Raymond Gilbert. He and his family are mem- 
bers of Our Lady of Victory Catholic Church. 
r EO AMBROSE PARKER was bom in Portsmouth, Virginia, 
April 13, 1879, and is a son of William and Elizabeth (Thompson) 
Parker. He was educated in the public schools of his native town, 
and at Rock Hill College, Maryland. His medical education was 
received in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia Uni- 
versity, from which he was graduated in 1905 with the degree of 
Doctor of Medicine. After an interneship of two years at St. Mary's BIOGRAPHICAL 
413 
Hospital he engaged in practice in Brooklyn, where he has since 
remained. He is now associate surgeon to St. Mary's Hospital, and is 
a member of its Alumni Association. He is also a member of the 
Medical Society of the County of Kings, and of the Medical Society 
of the State of New York. He also holds the position of physician 
to the Aetna Life Insurance Company. He is a member of the Brook- 
lyn Lodge of Elks, No. 22, and of Reliance Tent, No. 34, of the 
Maccabees, of which for some time he was examining surgeon. 
Dr. Parker married, November 9, 1911, Helen L. Phelan, of Brook- 
lyn, and they have three children: Irene Louise, Helen Marie, and 
Marjorie Genevieve. He and his family are members of St. Gregory's 
Catholic Church. 
VICTOR ARTHUR ROBERTSON, son of John and Mary (Troop) 
v Robertson, both of Scotch ancestry, was born in the city of 
Brooklyn, April 19, 1861. He received his early education in the 
public and private schools of his native city, and later attended the 
Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute. His preparatory studies were under 
the guidance of Dr. A. W. Shepard, of Brooklyn, and he entered the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, from 
which he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1883. After 
a competitive examination he was appointed to a position in the New 
York City Hospital, where he served a full term in the surgical divi- 
sion, under Drs. Thomas M. Markoe, William T. Bull and Robert F. 
Wier. He then entered the Kings County Hospital in Flatbush, where 
he served until June, 1885, when he went abroad for one year, con- 
tinuing his studies in Heidelberg, Vienna, Berlin, London and Edin- 
burgh. On his return from abroad he engaged in practice in Brook- 
lyn, where he has since remained, his present location being No. 51 
Eighth Avenue. 
Dr. Robertson is a fellow of the American Medical Association, a 
member of the Medical Society of the County of Kings, the Kings 
County Medical Association, the Brooklyn Pathological Society, the 
Associated Physicians of Long Island, the Alumni Association of the 
New York Hospital, and the Alumni Association of the Kings County 
Hospital. He is assistant visiting surgeon at the Kings County 
Hospital, and is also connected with the medical and surgical staff 
of the Coney Island Hospital. 
Dr. Robertson married, in 1890, Maria L., daughter of Dr. Alex- 
ander Cochran, one of the early medical practitioners of the city of 
Brooklyn. 
T OHN WILLIAM DRAPER, the well-known New York physician, 
is a member of the famous Draper family, some of the brilliant 
members of which by their scientific research during the nineteenth 
century brought so much enlightenment to the world's understand- 
ing of planetary and stellar spectra. The researches and discoveries 
of Professor J. W. (grandfather of Dr. J. W.) and Dr. Henry Draper, 414 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
father and son, in the elucidating of some of the mysteries of as- 
tronomy created world-wide interest, and gained for this nation much 
honor and prestige. Henry Draper, son of Professor J. W. Draper, 
and even more brilliant and successful in astronomical experiments 
than was his gifted father, wras born at Hampden Sidney, Prince Ed- 
ward county, Virginia, on the 7th day of March, 1837. His dis- 
tinguished father, John William Draper, who had come from Eng- 
land to the United States in 1832, was, even before his emigration, 
a scientist of note. He had had excellent academic education in 
England prior to his emigration, and following the inclination of his 
father (who was the Rev. J. C. Draper, of St. Helens, Lancashire, 
England, a clergyman of the Wesleyan denomination), he had become 
greatly interested in scientific subjects, and though barely beyond his 
majority had achieved much success in his studies of chemistry and 
astronomy. In 1835 he entered upon a course of medical study in the 
University of Pennsylvania, and received his degree of Doctor of 
Medicine in 1836. It had been his intention to enter into the general 
practice of medicine (impelled thereto probably by the imperative 
necessity of providing means of sustenance), notwithstanding that his 
inclination lay in an entirely different branch of science-in the 
continuation of the scientific investigations he had begun at a time 
when domestic responsibilities and liabilities pressed less heavily and 
urgently upon him. However, it was his good fortune to have been 
offered, shortly after graduating (which offer he promptly accepted), 
the chair of Chemistry and Natural Philosophy in Hampden Sid- 
ney College, Prince Edward County, Virginia, which appointment 
enabled him to follow his natural bent, and enter very closely into 
scientific research. This circumstance was possibly the main factor 
of responsibility whereby America secured and developed, to the 
lasting credit of its eminence in science, a man whose fame was 
to spread over the world, bringing much prestige and honor to this 
country, the land of his birth. For it was while John William 
Draper was thus acting as a professor in Hampden Sidney College 
that Henry, who was destined to become so distinguished an astronomi- 
cal investigator, was born. His mother, who was a daughter of Dr. 
Gardner, the attending physician of the Emperor of Brazil, Dom 
Pedro I., and a descendant on her mother's side of a noted Portu- 
guese family, the De Piva Pereiras, was a woman of "marked char- 
acter and ability," and ably assisted her husband, Dr. J. W. Draper, 
in enveloping their son Henry in an environment of the highest scien- 
tific culture and refinement. 
In the year 1839, having accepted the Professorship of Chemistry 
in the undergraduate department of the University of the City of 
New York, Dr. Draper moved thither with his family, Henry being 
at that time but two years old. Some years later, Henry commenced 
his schooling, first attending the primary school connected at that 
time with the University, after which he passed into the preparatory 
school. When only fifteen years of age he entered the collegiate 
department, where he was known as an excellent scholar. Partly for BIOGRAPHICAL 
415 
considerations of health, and partly because his father did not deem 
a Bachelor of Arts degree necessary for the boy, Henry left the 
classical course at the end of the sophomore year and entered the medi- 
cal department of the University of the City of New York. His 
medical studies for graduation were completed satisfactorily in 1857, 
when he successfully passed all his examinations; but not having 
attained the age necessary for graduation his diploma was with- 
held. Thereupon, in company with his elder brother, who was also 
a physician, he went to Europe for research work, and also recreation, 
returning twelve months later. In 1858 his medical degree was 
granted him, his diploma showing that he had graduated with dis- 
tinction. He immediately took up an appointment on the staff of the 
Bellevue Hospital, New York City, to which position he had been 
appointed while still in Europe. After serving in this capacity at 
Bellevue Hospital for eighteen months, he resigned to take up the 
chair of Natural Science in the undergraduate department of the 
University of New York, to which important post he had been unani- 
mously elected, notwithstanding that he was then only twenty-three 
years of age. In 1866 further honors were bestowed upon him by 
his appointment to the chair of Physiology in the medical depart- 
ment, and simultaneously to the dignity pertaining to the deanship 
of the faculty of the University, an unusual distinction for so young 
a man. He retained his Professorship of Physiology until 1873, and 
subsequently held the chair of Analytical Chemistry in the academic 
department of the University. His father died in 1882, whereupon 
Henry was chosen to succeed him as Professor of Chemistry. He, 
however, severed his connection with the University at the close of 
the current academic year. 
Considerably prior to this, however, he had thrown much light 
upon certain phases of astronomical research, particularly in relation 
to the process of astronomical photography. Although still a young 
man, he had nevertheless advanced far into the world of fame. And it 
is not surprising, having regard to the atmosphere which surrounded 
his life from its very earliest stage. Reared in direct contact with 
science and scientific thought, and by the inspiration and encourage- 
ment of his eminent father's guidance, he grew quite naturally into 
a scientist. He was his father's confidante in all scientific matters, 
and he often assisted his father, not only in his lectures, but in his 
investigations. While still an undergraduate, Henry undertook a 
most difficult research upon the function of the spleen; and conscious 
of the inaccuracies incident to drawings, he illustrated this memoir 
-afterwards published as his graduating thesis-with photomicro- 
graphs of rare perfection for those days, all of which were prepared 
and photographed by himself. While pursuing these investigations, 
he discovered the remarkable power possessed by palladious chloride 
in intensifying negatives, an observation which subsequently proved 
of much value to the photographic art. When only twenty-four years 
of age, Dr. Henry Draper had gained national distinction by his ex- 
periments with, and construction of, telescopic mirrors by which solar 416 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
daguerreotypes could be taken. Professor Joseph Henry, of Wash- 
ington, believing that the practical details worked out so successfully 
by Dr. Draper would be of great value to others experimenting in the 
same line, visited Dr. Draper's laboratory and observatory in 1863, 
and arranged with him to write a monograph upon the subject, to 
be published by the Smithsonian Institution. This paper was issued 
in July, 1864, as No. 180, of the "Smithsonian Contributions to 
Knowledge." It ran through several editions, and became the ac- 
knowledged authority on the subject. 
Though his scientific research has been varied and of considerable 
importance, the scientific reputation of Dr. Henry Draper, in all 
probability, will rest chiefly upon his photographic investigations: 
First, upon the diffraction spectrum of the sun; second, upon stellar 
spectra; third, upon the existence of oxygen in the sun; and fourth, 
upon the spectra of the elements. 
Both Dr. J. W. and Dr. Henry Draper, father and son respectively, 
pursued similar lines of investigation, the research of Dr. Henry 
Draper being, in reality, a continuance of that initiated by his father, 
although of course the discoveries of Dr. Henry Draper assumed more 
definite form as the methods of telescopic observation, and reflection, 
and photographic reproduction, devised by himself, reached greater 
perfection. The earliest photograph of a diffraction spectrum was 
taken by Dr. J. W. Draper in 1843. The earliest work in diffraction 
spectra by Dr. Henry Draper was in 1869, when he adjusted his lathe 
so as to rule steel and speculum metal gratings with 3,600 and 7,320 
lines to the inch. Dr. Draper's work and findings were, when pub- 
lished in a memoir by him, received very cordially in Europe. Secchi 
reproduced the spectrum on steel, and introduced it into his mono- 
graph upon the sun. In 1880 a lithographed copy of the plate was 
published in the proceedings of the British Association, as the most 
suitable reproduction known for the purpose of determining the wave 
lengths of the fixed solar lines. Stellar spectrum photography was a 
subject which, at least in this country, Dr. Draper had made entirely 
his own, and success followed success. Pressure of scientific work in 
other directions, however, caused an intermission in Dr. Draper's 
stellar spectrum investigations, though on his return from Europe, 
in 1879, he again prosecuted this work with vigor. 
In April, 1883, an excellent account of Dr. Draper's "Researches 
on Astronomical Spectrum Photography," by Professors C. A. Young 
and E. C. Pickering, was presented to the American Academy of 
Arts and Sciences, and is to be found published in its proceedings. 
In this paper a list is given in tabular form of all the photographs 
of planetary and stellar spectra taken subsequent to August, 1879, 
which were thought by Dr. Draper worthy of preservation. The 
photographs were seventy-eight in number, and twenty-one were meas- 
ured by Professor Pickering with the micrometer of the Harvard Col- 
lege Observatory, the work done upon them being divisible into three 
parts: First, the determination of the relative positions of the lines 
in the various spectra in terms of any convenient unit of length; BIOGRAPHICAL 
417 
secondly, from the known spectra of the moon and Jupiter, a deter- 
mination of the relation of these measures to wave lengths; and third- 
ly, a reduction of the measures of the stella spectra to wave lengths 
and a discussion of the results. The evidence afforded by the photo- 
graphs pointed very strongly to the conclusion that the spectra of 
the stars studied, and consequently their constitution, are the same 
as that of the sun. 
In would seem fitting here to make reference briefly to the very 
liberal plans which Mrs. Draper, after the death of her distinguished 
and lamented husband, made to carry on his work in astronomical 
spectrum photography. She placed at the disposal of Professor Pick- 
ering of the Harvard College Observatory (whose work was so di- 
rectly a continuation of that begun by Dr. Draper) many of the 
valuable instruments devised by and of so much assistance to her 
husband in his investigations, the instruments including his excellent 
eleven-inch photographic telescope. Mrs. Draper also provided a suffi- 
cient sum of money to enable the experiments to be pursued on an 
even larger scale than hitherto. The results were such as to com- 
pletely satisfy Mrs. Draper, so completely, indeed, that she decided 
to greatly extend the original plan of the work, and much of the 
world's present development in the knowledge of solar and stella 
spectra is due to the interest in, and liberal support extended to, the 
research by the widow of the scientist who labored so incessantly, and 
so successfully in this direction. 
Putting into review some of the more important phases, not herein- 
before mentioned, of Dr. Henry Draper's life, and recording them 
neither in chronological order, nor in order of importance, we find 
that: In 1874, upon the organization of the United States Commis- 
sion to observe the transit of Venus, Dr. Draper's achievements 
pointed him out at once as the person best suited to organize the 
photographic section of the expedition, and in February of that year 
he was accordingly appointed director of the photographic depart- 
ment. So conspicuously meritorious were his services that, upon the 
recommendation of the commission, Congress ordered a special gold 
medal to be struck in his honor at the mint in Philadelphia. 
In 1868, Professor Draper, who was greatly interested in the project 
to establish an observatory in Central Park, New York City, had 
numerous consultations upon the subject with Mr. Andrew Green, 
at that time the controller, and M. N. Vaux, the architect of the 
park, and eventually a site was selected, and $250,000 subscribed to 
cover the estimated cost of carrying the project into operation. Dr. 
Draper was appointed the director of the new observatory. His life, 
short though it was, and terminating abruptly at a time when ap- 
parently full fruition of his untiring research had not yet come, still 
was so full of brilliant achievement that his name is worthy of the 
exalted place it possesses in the annals of international science. Be- 
sides that which was spent in scientific work, Dr. Draper's time 
was largely occupied with his duties as an instructor. In 1858-1859 
he served on the medical staff of the Bellevue Hospital, New York; 418 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
from 1860 until 1882 he was Professor of Natural Science in the 
academic department of the University of the City of New York; 
and was Professor of Physiology in the medical department of the 
same University from 1866 until 1873, which duties necessarily en- 
tailed upon him the delivery of numerous lectures; and in his ap- 
pointment as dean of the medical faculty he had necessarily to give 
much time to the management of the business affairs of the college. 
It was to his signal ability in this position, aided by a liberal use 
of his own private means, that the college was largely indebted for 
the promptness with which a new building was provided and its lec- 
tures resumed after the destruction by fire of its own building on 
Fourteenth Street. After the death of his father the chief induce- 
ment for him to retain his connection with the University no longer 
existed; so that although elected to the chair thus vacated, he dis- 
charged its duties only until the close of the current academic year. 
Dr. Draper's national service was not only in relation to the science 
of astronomy. He served his country actively and practically during 
its period of greatest pressure. Early in February, 1862, Dr. Draper 
was commissioned surgeon of the Twelfth Regiment, New York State 
Militia, and on the 6th of June left with his regiment for three months' 
service in Virginia. He was mustered out of the United States 
service on the 7th of October, owing to sickness, and he returned to 
New York, sick with the Chickahominy fever, contracted in the 
swamps bordering the Monoeacy river. In 1876 he served as one of 
the judges in the photographic section of the Centennial Exhibition. 
Already, in 1875, Dr. Draper had been elected a member of the 
Astronomische Gesellschaft. In 1877 he was made a member of the 
American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia, and in the same 
year was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences. In 
1879 he was elected a fellow of the American Association for the 
Advancement of Science. In 1881 the American Academy of Arts 
and Sciences in Boston enrolled his name among the list of its asso- 
ciate fellows. In 1882 he received the degree of Doctor of Laws 
almost simultaneously from the University of Wisconsin, and from 
his alma mater, the University of the City of New York. 
In the fall of 1882, Dr. Draper, as had been his custom for many 
years previous, went for a few weeks' hunting in the Rocky Moun- 
tains, with his friends, Generals Marcy and Whipple, of the United 
States army. He was an enthusiastic sportsman, a capital shot, and 
entered upon the chase with much relish. When above timber line, 
however, early in October, they encountered a blinding snow storm 
with intense cold, and were obliged to camp without shelter. On Oc- 
tober 25, Dr. Draper reached New York, in indifferent health. Heavy 
labors, subsequent to a reception he was to give in mid November to 
members of the National Academy of Science, further taxed his 
vitality, and when seized with a premonitory chill while at the re- 
ception referred to, he had not sufficient strength to combat the at- 
tack, which was later pronounced to be double pleuritis. On the Sun- 
day following pericarditis developed, and he died at four o'clock on BIOGRAPHICAL 
419 
the morning of Monday, the 20th of November, 1882. Viewed from 
whatever standpoint, the life of Dr. Henry Draper appears as suc- 
cessful as it was honest and pure. His devotion to science was su- 
preme ; to him no labor was too severe, no sacrifice too great, if by it 
he could approach nearer the exact truth. Dr. Draper's abilities, 
too, were many-sided. He was eminent in astronomy, in physics, in 
chemistry, and in physiology. He possessed exceptional skill, as the 
wonderfully accurate mountings of his telescopes abundantly proved. 
Moreover, he was quite as distinguished as a teacher as he was a 
scientific investigator. In his laboratory he was keen, thorough, and 
impartial, while at the same time considerate and helpful, ever striv- 
ing to encourage honest endeavor and to assist the earnest worker. 
As a business man, he is said to have had no superior in New York 
City. A trustee of the estate of his wife's father, he conclusively es- 
tablished his capability as a man of business, and as an administrator. 
In social life he was brilliant, entertaining, companionable; made life- 
long friends often at first contact by his charm of manner. Dr. 
Draper's published papers were not many, but there can be no doubt 
that had he not been stricken in the midst of innumerable projected 
investigations, the world would have been enriched with many more 
contributions of his to its scientific literature. His published papers 
on scientific questions, twenty-four in number, were contributed to the 
journals of scientific societies of this and other countries. 
To indicate the esteem in which Dr. Draper was held by his con- 
freres in science, the following passage may be quoted from an ex- 
cellent notice of him written by Professor Young, of Princeton: 
In person he was of medium height, compactly built, with a pleasing address 
and a keen black eye which missed nothing within its range. He was affectionate, 
just, noble and generous; a thorough gentleman with a quick and burning con- 
tempt for all shams and meanness; a friend most kind, sympathetic, helpful and 
brotherly; genial, wise, and witty in conversation; clear-headed, prudent, and 
active in business; a man of the most refined intellectual tastes and qualities; 
a lover of art and also of manly sports, especially the hunt; of such manual 
skill that no mechanic in the city could do finer work than he; in the pursuit 
of science, able, indefatigable, indomitable, sparing neither time, labor, nor 
expense. Excepting his early death, Dr. Draper was a man fortunate in all 
things; in his vigorous physique, his delicate senses, and skillful hand; in his 
birth and education; in his friendships, and especially in his marriage, which 
brought to him not only wealth, and all the happiness which naturally comes 
of a lovely, true-hearted, and faithful wife, but also a most unusual companion- 
ship and intellectual sympathy in all his favorite pursuits. He was fortunate in 
the great resources which lay at his disposal, and in the wisdom to manage and 
use them well; in the subjects he chose for his researches, and in the complete 
success he invariably attained. 
It was in 1867 that Dr. Draper married Mary Anna, the accom- 
plished daughter of Courtlandt Palmer, of New York City. She 
brought to Dr. Draper, in addition to love and companionship in 
science, a very considerable fortune, which enabled him to pursue his 
experiments without distraction on financial reasons. Money, how- 
ever, was of little moment to Dr. Draper, save in its bearing on the 
science to which he had devoted his life. Unfortunately there were 420 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
no children born to the marriage; no son in whom might have been 
born the genius to continue and develop the scientific problems pro- 
jected by his father, as did Henry Draper those of his distinguished 
father, Professor J. W. Draper. 
But, in Dr. John W. Draper, nephew of Dr. Henry Draper, and 
grandson of Professor J. W. Draper, a goodly measure of their 
brilliance has been manifested, though his inclination has drawn 
him to the science of medicine and surgery, instead of to that of 
astronomy. In this article we can only briefly state his achievements, 
which have been many and substantial in a life of considerable 
activity, utility and note. He was born in New York City, August 
21, 1871, his mother having been Virginia, daughter of Professor 
J. W. Draper, and sister of Dr. Henry Draper. His primary edu- 
cation was obtained at the grammar school of the University of the 
City of New York, from whence he proceeded to Waltham (Mass.) 
High School (his father, who was a Doctor of Divinity in active 
ministry, having moved to Waltham, Massachusetts). John W. 
Draper graduated at the Waltham High School in the year 1890, and 
for the two years immediately following studied at the Massachusetts 
Institute of Technology. Then, in 1892, he advanced to Harvard 
University, at which institution he graduated as Bachelor of Science 
in 1895. Having decided upon medicine as the field of activity most 
to his liking, he returned to New York City, where he attended the 
lectures of the medical school of the University of the City of New 
York. In 1898 he was graduated with distinction and the degree 
of Doctor of Medicine. Thereupon, he engaged in the practice of 
medicine and surgery in New York City, and in the intervening 
eighteen years has grown very solidly into the goodwill, respect and 
confidence of his medical confreres, as well as of his patients. Since 
obtaining his degree, he has held many appointments of importance 
at leading medical schools and hospitals, some of which are men- 
tioned below. 
In 1900-1901 he was Instructor in Histology at the New York Uni- 
versity Medical School; he was Instructor in Operative Surgery at 
the New York Polyclinic School and Hospital, during the years 1900- 
1902; he has been assistant orthopedic surgeon at the Bellevue Hos- 
pital (out-patient department) ; he has been Instructor in Surgery 
at the Surgical Research Laboratory, College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons (Columbia University) ; and director of the Laboratory of 
Surgical Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 1909-1912; 
Assistant in Surgery and Director of the Laboratory of Surgical Re- 
search, New York University Medical College, 1913. His literary 
contributions to the professional journals, and to other channels, 
whereby medical knowledge and research passes into publication, have 
l)een many. He is the author of "Surgical Differentials,'' a much 
appreciated work. He takes great interest in the affairs of the 
professional societies of which he is a member. These are: American 
Medical Association; New York State Medical Society; Society Ex- 
perimental Medicine; New York Academy of Medicine, of which he BIOGRAPHICAL 
421 
is a fellow. His marriage was on June 12, 1901, at Shirley, Massa 
ehusetts, to Alice Hortense Pray. 
PORBES HAWKES, Bachelor of Arts, Doctor of Medicine, fel- 
1 low of the American College of Surgeons, well-known New York 
City specialist in gynaecology and abdominal surgery, an able writer, 
consulting surgeon to several leading institutions, and for many 
years a prominent educator, was born in New York City, August 
25, 1865, the son of Wootton Wright and Eliza (Forbes) Hawkes, 
the former a prominent attorney of New York City. 
Forbes Hawkes received the major portion of his early educa- 
tion in Europe, attending schools principally in France, his tuition 
commencing in the government lysee at Tours when he was six years 
of age, and later continued in Paris. Subsequently for a short time 
he was at a private school in Marburg, Germany. When sixteen years 
of age he returned to his native country, and was prepared for col- 
lege in New Haven, Connecticut. He then entered Yale University, 
for the arts and letters course, graduating successfully in the class 
of 1887, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts, whereupon he 
closed his academic studies, and having an inclination to medicine, he 
matriculated in 1887 at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of 
New York, Columbia University, and entered earnestly upon a four- 
year course of medical study, which resulted in his receiving the 
medical degree when he graduated in 1891. 
So that he might gain further practical knowledge of surgery, Dr. 
Hawkes, for the first six months after his graduation in medicine, 
acted as substitute interne in the surgical division of various New 
York City hospitals; he then went to Europe for a post-graduate 
course in surgery at several of the European centres of medicine. He 
attended surgical clinics at Edinburgh, Scotland, and Vienna, Aus- 
tria, and gained valuable knowledge by his observations at hospitals 
of these cities. Returning to New York City, he was, in 1893, ap- 
pointed surgical interne of the Presbyterian Hospital; he remained 
there for a full two-year course, and during this time he studied and 
practiced in both the surgical and medical divisions. In 1895 Dr. 
Hawkes established himself in office at No. 42 East Twenty-sixth 
Street, New York City, for the general practice of surgery, at which 
address he maintained his office for sixteen years, removing in 1911 
to No. 124 East Sixty-fifth Street, which is his present address. 
During the twenty-seven years of his successful practice in New 
York City he has accepted many important hospital appointments. 
In 1896 he became surgical registrar to the Presbyterian Hospital, 
with which institution he has since remained continuously connected 
in official capacity, his present position therein being that of associate 
visiting surgeon; he became assistant surgeon to Trinity Hospital, 
attending surgeon to the DeMilt Dispensary, surgeon to the Presby- 
terian Hospital Dispensary, later becoming attending surgeon to the 
Trinity Hospital. For many years he has been consulting surgeon 
to the Nassau Hospital of Long Island, and to St. Joseph's Hospital; 422 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
and he is associate surgeon of the Women's Hospital of the State of 
New York, and consulting surgeon to the Volunteer Hospital. As an 
instructor in surgery, Dr. Hawkes has had long association with medi- 
cal schools of the city; his first appointment was in 1895, when he be- 
came Instructor of Anatomy and Operative Surgery at the New York 
Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital; later he became Adjunct 
Professor of Anatomy and Operative Surgery at that school. Dr. 
Hawkes has also been chief of the surgical clinic of the Presbyterian 
Hospital Dispensary, and in his early days of connection with New 
York medicine was surgical assistant at the Vanderbilt Clinic. 
Dr. Hawkes is a ready writer, and has made many important con- 
tributions to medical literature. Among his published articles on 
professional subjects are: "Report of Sixty-Six Cases of Appendi- 
citis," published in the Presbyterian Hospital Report of 1897; "Surgi- 
cal Treatment of Appendicitis," in collaboration with Dr. McCosh, 
published in American Journal of Medical Sciences, May, 1897; 
"Inflammation of the Bursa Gastrocnemio-Semimembranosa, " An- 
nals of Surgery, July, 1899; "Hysterectomies," Presbyterian Hos- 
pital Report, 1895; ' ' Subphrenic Abscesses, " " Functional Results in 
Old Fractures and Dislocations in Children," and "Recording and 
Classification of Surgical Histories," all of which appeared in the 
Presbyterian Hospital Report of 1900; "Suprapubic and Sub- 
mucous Prostatectomy," Post-Graduate, February, 1900; "The Ques- 
tion of Operation in Appendicitis," New York Medical Journal, 
January 12, 1901; "Volvulus Following Appendicitis," "Calculus 
of the Right Ureter," "Cases of Multiple Exostoses," all of which 
appeared in the Presbyterian Hospital Report of 1902. 
In addition to his election to a fellowship in the American College 
of Surgeons, Dr. Forbes Hawkes has membership in the following 
medical organizations of the country: The American Academy of 
Medicine; the New York Academy of Medicine; the Lenox Medical 
and Surgical Society; the New York Surgical Society; the New York 
Urological Society; the Northwestern Medical and Surgical Society 
of New York; the Society of Dermatology and Genito-Urinary Sur- 
gery. He also belongs to the Alumni Society of the Presbyterian 
Hospital, and the Hospital Graduates' Club. Socially, he belongs to 
the Union, the University and Piping Rock clubs; is a member of 
the St. Nicholas Society and of the Order of the Cincinnati. During 
the war he was surgeon to the Medical Advisory Board, Columbia 
group. 
T OHN CRONYN, M.D., Ph.D., LL.D.-One of the foremost physi- 
cians of Western New York, Dr. Cronyn, until his death, held 
high and honorable position in Buffalo, that city being the scene of 
his American practice. He was born in Ireland, not far from the 
city of Cork, in 1827, the youngest son of David and Mary (Carney) 
Cronyn, and died in Buffalo, New York, February 11, 1898. 
He learned to read, and received his first lessons in Latin from 
his father, who also taught him Irish. After his father's death he BIOGRAPHICAL 
423 
was sent to school at the North Monastery, Cork. In 1837 he came 
with his mother to America and lived for several years in Thorn- 
hill, near Toronto. In 1845 he began his medical studies in Kings' 
College, later the medical department of the University of Toronto, 
being at the same time employed as apothecary in the Toronto Insane 
Asylum, where he spent in that capacity more than five years. In 
hours spared from his duties and the study of medicine he continued 
his course in the Classics and English literature at Knox College, 
under private tutorship. During the terrible epidemic of typhus, or 
"Emigrant Fever" as it was called, of 1847, Mr. Cronyn did notable 
service in the tents and hospital, where he was one of the clinical 
clerks, and one of the very few among physicians and students who 
escaped the plague. In 1850 he passed his examinations with high 
honors, and won several prizes, but was debarred from his degree 
on account of the Test Oath, which required candidates to subscribe 
to the Thirty-nine Articles. Being a Catholic, this, he of course re- 
fused to take, but went before the Provincial Licensing Board and was 
admitted to practice. When a few years later the colony acquired 
control of its own educational establishments one of the first acts of 
the Canadian Parliament was to remove all sectarian restrictions. Mr. 
Cronyn immediately went up for his degrees, writing for the M.D., 
a thesis which won the Chancellor's prize, a special distinction as, 
although founded years before, that prize was then for the first time 
given. 
Shortly before the close of his examinations Dr. Cronyn had re- 
ceived a very flattering invitation to settle in New Orleans. He had 
been offered also a position in the East India company, and a part- 
nership with one of his professors, the elder Dr. King. While con- 
sidering a choice he went temporarily, at the request of Dr. Widmer, 
president of the Provincial Board and Nestor of the profession in 
Toronto, to the village of Fort Erie, whence a petition for a physician 
had been sent. Entering at once upon an extensive practice, both 
in Fort Erie and the counties adjoining, he was soon persuaded to 
remain. 
In the fall of the same year, 1850, he married Elizabeth, daughter 
of Matthew and Elizabeth (Renfrey) Willoughby, of Toronto. 
He was for some time Reeve of Fort Erie and was also Superin- 
tendent of Schools in the township. In 1859 Dr. Cronyn moved to 
Buffalo. He became a member of the Erie County Medical Society, 
of which he was several times president. His private practice was 
very large and for nearly forty years he was on the staff of the 
Buffalo Hospital of the Sisters of Charity, first as surgeon and then 
as physician-in-chief. During eight of his twenty odd years of sur- 
geon's service he was also Marine Surgeon for the port of Buffalo. 
He was for several years president of the board of managers of the 
Buffalo State Hospital. 
He was a member of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, the New 
York State Medical Association, of which he was one year president, 
and an honorary member of the Ontario Medical Association. In 424 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
1872 Dr. Cronyn went to Europe for a much needed rest. Always 
solicitous for the honor of his profession and anxious for a higher 
standard of medical education, he welcomed the opportunity to ad- 
vance both, when, in 1883, the Medical Department of Niagara Uni- 
versity was established, Dr. Cronyn becoming professor of Principles 
and Practice of Medicine and president of the faculty. In 1888 
Niagara University conferred upon him the degree Ph.D. and in 
1893 that of LL.D. 
Dr. Cronyn was always a student and abreast of all modern dis- 
covery and initiative, very often ahead of it, indeed. Much that 
was claimed as modern, his wide reading enabled him to prove very 
ancient. 
Beyond a few addresses and some clinical notes, written in the 
earliest years of his practice, he published nothing, although for many 
years he had kept copious records of his observations and had hoped 
to gather them in book form. The duties of his daily routine as 
general practitioner were, however, too numerous and exacting to 
allow him the necessary leisure for authorship. He read the best 
of what other scholars of the profession wrote, but his great task re- 
mained always at the bedside; he was pre-eminently the "family 
doctor," and to the end of his life the ideal, skillful and "beloved 
physician. ' ' 
Dr. Cronyn was survived by his wife and children-two sons, the 
elder a physician, and four daughters. 
JOHN L. C. CRONYN, M.D., of Buffalo, New York, was born in 
1853, son of the late John and Elizabeth Renfrey (Willoughby) 
Cronyn. He graduated from the University of Buffalo, Medical De- 
partment, in 1876, and is engaged in general practice in Buffalo, 
with office at No. 49 Franklin Street. 
QAMUEL LLOYD, M.D., (Princeton University, 1882; University of 
Vermont, 1884; College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, 
1885), began practice in New York in 1884, in which year also he 
was licensed to practice in New Jersey. 
Since beginning his career, Dr. Lloyd has enjoyed a large and 
successful private practice, in addition to which he has filled many im- 
portant professional appointments connected with public and private 
institutions in this and other states, among which may be enumerated 
the following: Visiting surgeon, Randall's Island Hospitals for about 
seven years; surgeon-in-chief to Lebanon Hospital; visiting surgeon 
to St. Francis' Hospital until November, 1911, in which year he be- 
came a member of the consulting board; Professor of Surgery, New 
York Post-Graduate Medical School; attending surgeon at the New 
York Post-Graduate Hospital and Babies' Ward; consulting surgeon 
at the following hospitals: Italian, and St. Francis', New York; St. 
Mary's, Orange, New Jersey; Benedictine, Kingston, New York; 
Special Professor of Surgery, Army Medical School, Washington, BIOGRAPHICAL 
425 
D. C., since 1913; and fellow of American College of Surgeons. 
Also: First lieutenant in the Medical Reserve Corps, United States. 
In addition to the foregoing, Dr. Lloyd holds membership in the 
following: New York State Society, New York County Society, 
American Medical Association, Academy of Medicine, Lenox Medical 
and Surgical Society, Northwestern Medical and Surgical Society, 
Alumni of St. Luke's Hospital, Alumni of Post-Graduate Hospital, 
Alumni of University of Vermont, New York Alumni Association, of 
which he was president in 1911. Dr. Lloyd is a member of the Prince- 
ton Club, New Canaan, Connecticut; Country Club, Physician's Mu- 
tual Aid Association, and the Southern Surgical and Gynaecological 
Association. 
Dr. Lloyd has contributed largely to medical literature, and is the 
author of the following: ' ' Four Cases of Tumors in the Region of the 
Sternum," 1886; "Bright's Disease as a Complication of Surgical 
Procedures," 1887; "Laminectomy," 1891; "Laminectomy for Pott's 
Disease, ' ' 1892; ' ' Removal of a Syringe Nozzle from the Bladder 
under Cocaine," 1892; "Tubercular Lymphangitis," 1892; "Gan- 
grene," 1894; "Empyema of the Antrum of Highmore," 1895; 
"Aseptic Surgery and its Application to Private Practice," 1896; 
"Hydatids of the Back," 1896; "The Radical Cure of Hernia in 
Children," 1897; "Practical Exposition of the X-Ray in Medicine 
and Surgery," 1898; "Achillo-Bursitis Anterior (Achillodynia)," 
1898; "Total Excision of the Fibula for Sarcoma," 1898; "Cancer of 
the Breast," 1899; "Simple Fractures about the Elbow Joint and 
their Treatment," 1900; "The Present Status of Spinal Surgery," 
1900; "Results of So-Called Conservative Treatment of Appendi- 
citis," 1900; "Appendicitis," 1900; "Pyonephrosis," 1901; "An X- 
Ray Study of the Causes of Disability following Fractures involving 
the Elbow Joint," 1901; "Clinical Cases of Gas-Poisoning," 1902; 
' ' The Surgery of the Spine, ' ' 1902 ; ' ' McGraw's Method of Gastro- 
Enterostomy," 1902; "The Technic of McGraw's Method of Gastro- 
Enterostomy, " 1903; "Abdominal Incision for Tuberculosis Peri- 
tonitis with a New and Original Method of Treatment," 1905; "Gas- 
tro-Enterostomy for Acute Ulceration of the Stomach," 1905; "The 
Surgical Significance of Jaundice," 1906; "The Therapy of Car- 
cinoma," 1906; "Fracture Dislocation of the Spine," 1907; "Surgi- 
cal Treatment of Empyema," 1907; "Surgical Treatment of Unre- 
solved Pneumonia, ' ' 1907; a series of papers reporting and estab- 
lishing an absolutely original procedure for making surgical opera- 
tions upon the lung possible and safe; ' ' Surgical Treatment of Chronic 
Bright's Disease," 1912; "Surgical Treatment of Chronic Nephritis," 
1912; "Address to the Graduating Class of the Army Medical 
School," Washington, D. C., 1912; "Some Unusual Surgical Condi- 
tions in the Abdomen," 1912. 
Dr. Lloyd married, and has three children, Elizabeth Armstrong, 
Adele Augustine, and Samuel (4). The family now has its home 
at No. 12 West 50th Street, in the City of New York, where Dr. 
Lloyd also maintains his office. 426 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
r< HARLES NICOLL BANCKER CAMAC, of New York City, was 
born in Philadelphia, August 6, 1868, the son of William and 
Ellen (Mcllvaine) Camac. He went to the public schools, and at 
private schools was prepared for college, entering in 1889 the Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania, and receiving his Bachelor's degree in arts. 
He then entered the medical department of the University, and was 
graduated in 1895 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He then 
went abroad and pursued post-graduate courses in the hospitals of 
London, registering as a student at Guy's Hospital in that city. The 
four years, from 1895 to 1899, were spent in London at Oxford Uni- 
versity, and as assistant resident-physician at Johns Hopkins Hos- 
pital. Later he was appointed Instructor in Physiology at the Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania and Instructor in Clinic Pathology at Johns 
Hopkins University. 
Since 1897 Dr. Camac has been in practice in New York City, the 
early part of that time having been devoted largely to research and 
educational work. In 1899 he was appointed director of the Labora- 
tory of Clinical Pathology and chief of the Medical Clinic of Cornell 
University. In 1905 he was appointed Lecturer in Clinical Medicine 
and in 1899 advanced to Professor of Clinical Medicine at Cornell. 
The next year he relinquished his appointment and took the position 
of Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine at the College of Physi- 
cians and Surgeons of Columbia University, which he has held to the 
present time. Dr. Camac has not held many hospital appointments 
during his connection with New York City, his educational work 
and practice completely filling his time. Since 1898 he has been 
physician to the New York City Hospital, but in 1916 he resigned 
this position to take the medical directorship of Gouverneur Hos- 
pital, New York City, being at the same time appointed consulting 
physician to the New York City Hospital. Dr. Camac has been a 
frequent contributor to the medical journals and systems. Some of 
the more important of these are: "Gall Bladder Complications of Ty- 
phoid Fever," "Cord Lesions in Pernicious Anaemia," "Human Try- 
panosomiasis," and "Dental Sepsis in Its Relation to the System," 
and "A Report upon the Outbreak of Typhoid Fever in the City of 
Ottawa," the latter being prepared for the Canadian Government, 
Committee on Conservation, in an effort for Federal Control of Health 
Regulations. One work entitled "Epoch-making Contributions to 
Medicine, Surgery and the Allied Sciences," which was published 
in 1907, was a comprehensive survey, and was the result of much 
painstaking labor. Dr. Camac was also the compiler and editor of 
"Counsels and Ideals from the Writings of William Osler," a work 
of high literary quality. This was published in 1905 and has passed 
through four impressions. 
In 1915 Dr. Camac offered his services in the military hospitals in 
Europe. He visited England, France and Belgium, observing the 
methods employed in seventeen different hospitals in these countries, 
and serving for a short time in an English hospital and in "the Ocean 
Ambulance" in Flanders. In 1916 he was chairman of the Physicians, BIOGRAPHICAL 
427 
Surgeons and Dentists Fund of the United States for the relief of 
the smaller hospitals in France. In 1917 he joined the Medical Re- 
serve Corps of the United States army, being commissioned as First 
Lieutenant. He served in the Officers' Training Camp at Fort Ogle- 
thorpe, Georgia, and in the School of Gas Defence of the School of 
Arms, Fort Sill, Oklahoma, from which he was appointed Instructor 
in Gas Defence in the United States army. In September, 1917, he 
was promoted to major and assigned as Chief of the Medical Service, 
General Hospital, No. 6, Fort McPherson, Georgia, a hospital of 
2,000 beds, where he served from October, 1917, to January, 1919. 
At this post he was also appointed director of the School of Gas De- 
fence, and director of the Officers' Training School. In September, 
1918, he was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel and in January, 1919, 
was appointed Chief of the Medical Service, General Hospital No. 38, 
Eastview, New York, which position he at present holds. 
To enter the military service Dr. Camac relinquished the practice 
of medicine in New York City, being at the time Assistant Professor 
of Clinical Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia 
University, director of the medical service of Gouverneur Hospital, 
New York City, and consulting physician to the New York City Hos- 
pital. In 1919 he was appointed by the governor of the State of New 
York honorary delegate to the Atlantic Congress for a League of 
Nations. 
Dr. Camac belongs to the following medical and professional organ- 
izations: Association of American Physicians; the Philadelphia 
Academy of Natural Sciences; the Medical Society of the State of 
New York; the American Medical Association; the New York County 
Medical Association; the New York Academy of Medicine. He also 
belongs to the University Club of New York City. 
TAR. WILLIAM J. MEYER and his equally distinguished father, 
Dr. Franz Bernard Meyer, dedicated their lives to the ameliora- 
tion of human suffering, but Dr. Meyer, Sr., owing to injuries received 
in the "Draft Riots" in New York during the Civil War, was inca- 
pacitated from further service as a surgeon. Dr. Meyer, Jr., however, 
since his graduation from Bellevue Medical College in 1895, has been 
continuously in practice, attaining remarkable success, particularly 
in surgery, a branch of the profession in which he has specialized for 
the past fifteen years. 
Dr. Franz Bernard Meyer was born in Germany, and there received 
his degree in medicine from Heidelberg University in 1857 or 1858. 
Shortly after he came to the United States, where he practiced surgery 
in New York City until the serious injury above referred to. After 
recovery he was unable to pursue a professional career, but receiving 
a federal appointment to the Treasury Department, accepted the posi- 
tion, which he capably filled until his death in 1909, a period lacking 
but one year of a complete half century. He married Margaret Fitz- 
patrick, born in Ireland. 428 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Dr. William Joseph Meyer, son of Dr. Franz Bernard and Margaret 
(Fitzpatrick) Meyer, was born in New York City, June 20, 1874. He 
finished the courses of study prescribed for the pupils of public school 
No. 35, going thence to St. Francis Xavier's College, receiving the 
Bachelor's degree, class of 1891. He chose his father's profession, 
medicine, entered Bellevue Hospital Medical College and was grad- 
uated M.D., class of 1895. After receiving his degree, Dr. Meyer 
practiced in New York City until 1897, and then was compelled to 
leave the city on account of his health. He sought the milder climate 
of the State of Kentucky, and there practiced until 1900, regaining 
his former good health. In 1900 he came north and located at White 
Plains, New York, where he has since been continuously in practice. 
He pursued a course of general practice until 1901, when he began 
the special practice of surgery, his time now being entirely devoted 
to that branch of his profession. He is considered an expert in sur- 
gery and medico-legal practice and is often engaged in that capacity. 
He has had an extensive hospital and medical college experience, hav- 
ing been interne at Bellevue and Gouverneur hospitals, assistant sur- 
geon at DeWitt Dispensary, New York City, nine years demonstrator 
and lecturer in surgery at Fordham University, school of medicine, 
New York City. In July, 1911, he instituted and opened at Nos. 147 
and 149 South Lexington avenue, White Plains, New York, Dr. 
Meyer's Private Hospital, of which he is proprietor, director and 
attending surgeon. 
This hospital, made almost a necessity by the demands of Dr. 
Meyer's large private practice, has been planned and located in quar- 
ters large enough to receive the patients of others and is open night 
and day to all reputable physicians who are privileged to use it as 
their own, the only provision being that the medical director shall be 
communicated with in advance. In equipping his hospital Dr. Meyer, 
through his own experience, was able to decide upon the best instru- 
ments and mechanism demanded by medical or surgical science. An 
X-ray room presents advantage for diagnosis or treatment; sanitation, 
ventilation and safety meet every modern requirement; and while 
twelve rooms and eight ward beds are for private patients, the estab- 
lished rule of the institution is that its doors are open to everybody 
at all times. Emergency cases are always received, and whenever cir- 
cumstances prevent patients paying the established rates the medical 
director promptly meets the conditions and a worthy patient is 
admitted. 
Dr. Meyer is the author of "Syphilis as a Communicable Disease," 
"Simple Destocia and its Remedies," and of other articles enriching 
the literature of his profession. He is a member of the Westchester 
County Medical Society, New York State Medical Society, the Amer- 
ican Medical Association, the Academy of Medicine, New York City, 
the Medical Association of the Greater City of New York, the Police 
Society of the County of Westchester, the Physicians Mutual Benefit 
Association, is past esteemed leading knight of the Benevolent an^ 
Protective Order of Elks, and the Catholic Club of New York City. BIOGRAPHICAL 
429 
He is a member of the Roman Catholic church, and in politics a 
Republican. While in Covington, Kentucky, he was city physician, 
and is now physician and surgeon to the Westchester County Jail. 
Dr. Meyer married, September 15, 1902, at White Plains, Philip- 
pina Schappert, of New York City, daughter of John Schappert, born 
in Germany, and his wife, Teresa (Ludwig) Schappert, born in New 
York City. Dr. and Mrs. Meyer have three children: Frank John, 
born October 4, 1904, Teresa Margaret, May 22, 1908, William Joseph 
(2), October 1, 1910. 
A/IILTON CORWIN CONNER. An honored citizen of Middle- 
1 1 town, Orange county, New York, born within six miles of the 
town, September 6, 1853, Dr. Milton Corwin Conner might well rest 
content with the results of his thirty-five years of consistent, con- 
scientious, careful, and highly successful medical practice. He has 
lived in the vicinity of Middletown practically the whole of his life, 
the only substantial periods of non-residence having been those em- 
braced in his years of studentship, and he has well-merited the gen- 
eral esteem in which he is held. 
His elementary education was obtained at the District School of 
Millsburgh, from which he advanced to the Wallkill Academy (now 
Middletown High School). He then entered Fort Edward Col- 
legiate Institute, which higher education was supplemented by a 
further period of classical study at Cazenovia Seminary, so that 
Milton Corwin Conner was well-grounded in general knowledge be- 
fore he started his special study of medicine. That his choice of a 
career in medicine was encouraged by the example set him by his 
brother, the late Dr. L. Connor (who at that time had already estab- 
lished himself in good practice in the city of Detroit) is possible, for 
it was to his brother at Detroit that Milton Corwin went after leaving 
Cazenovia Academy, and it was to his brother's guidance and tute- 
lege that he owed his initiation into medical science. Under his 
brother's interested and capable tuition, Milton Corwin pursued his 
studies at Detroit with determination and diligence, and matriculated 
in the Detroit Medical College of Detroit. It had been his intention 
to take the full course at Detroit Medical College, but after having 
attended its lectures for two years, a change in the faculty of the 
college decided him to change also, and proceed at once to New York 
City, there to enter the College of Physicians and Surgeons. This 
he did, and passed two years of studentship at that noted college, 
graduating with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in the class of 1883. 
He would have graduated a year earlier, had he not unfortunately 
contracted small-pox, which malady made imperative an enforced 
period of inactivity and isolation from everything, including study. 
However, in graduating in the following year, his record was one 
that reflected strongly to his credit. 
After having won his degree he proceeded to Middletown, and there, 
in July, 1883, opened office, and quickly gained the good opinion of 430 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
his fellow-practitioners, and the confidence of Middletown people. 
Although he has been in general practice for over thirty years, and 
has had (outside his own practice) scant opportunity to further his 
research in the line of medical science in which he felt specially 
adapted, he has nevertheless achieved a distinctive place among the 
medical specialists of the State. His research and experiments have 
been in the direction of abdominal surgery, and what he lacked of 
time for his special study was balanced by his natural aptitude, logi- 
cal reasoning, and intelligent understanding of the subject. Dr. 
Milton C. Conner has the distinction of having been the first of all 
New York medical men, now in practice, to successfully treat ab- 
dominal troubles by surgical operation. His continued success in these 
special cases brought him into increasing prominence and practice, 
as well as consultation, in many distant parts of the State, and he 
became a recognized State authority on abdominal surgery. He has 
also delved deeply into the understanding of eye and ear surgery, 
and has performed many notable operations. 
Dr. Conner has been faithful in his recognition of professional and 
fraternity affiliations. The Orange County Medical Association was 
organized largely through his efforts, and in addition to member- 
ship in the American Medical Association, he has given time to the 
affairs of the New York State Medical Association in his work on 
the executive committee of the fifth district branch of the asso- 
ciation. Dr. M. C. Conner is also a Mason of long standing, a mem- 
ber of Hoffman Lodge, Middletown, and Midland Chapter, Royal 
Arch Masons. 
At different times he has entered enthusiastically and unselfishly 
into public affairs. He is a Republican of the intelligent, broad, pro- 
gressive type, possessed of a mind open to consider whatever may be 
put forward as of possible benefit to the Republican party. In the 
civic affairs of his own town he has naturally taken much interest, 
and has actively assisted the administration in many offices, some 
of his municipal service having been: Three years as register of 
vital statistics; four years as health officer; one year as city physician; 
and terms as vice-president of the Board of Health, and the De- 
partment of Health. 
In 1885, Dr. Conner married Francis Adelaide Cox, and her demise, 
which came in October, 1915, closed a long married life of mutual 
benefit. 
Dr. Conner's father was Hesekiah Conner, who in his early man- 
hood worked as a mason, but later turned to farming, owning an 
estate at Wallkill, New York State, where most of his seven children 
were born. He was twice married, his first wife having been Rhoda 
Bull, by whom he had the following children: Ralph, who graduated 
as a lawyer; and Andrew. Hesekiah Conner's second marriage was 
to Caroline Corwin, whom he married in 1840, and who became the 
mother of five of his children: Olivia; Laertus, who attained distinc- 
tion as a medical specialist in the city of Detroit, Michigan; Welling- 
ton; Alice; and Milton Corwin, the subject of this article. BIOGRAPHICAL 
431 
WILLIAM TILLINGHAST BULL, M.D., born in Newport, 
' ' Rhode Island, May 18, 1849, was the son of Henry and Hen- 
rietta (Melville) Bull. Dr. Bull came of one of the oldest and 
most distinguished families of the State. The progenitor of the line 
was a Henry Bull, who bought the island of Aquidneck from the 
Indians and settled thereon, becoming twice governor of Rhode 
Island and Providence Plantations. Down through the centuries 
since that day distinguished service to the State and Nation has been 
a characteristic of the family. 
Born in a family of comfortable circumstances and high social rank, 
the early life of Dr. Bull was one of struggle, not as is so commonly 
the case with the trials of poverty and repression, but with the temp- 
tations of wealth, place and easy opportunity. There was in him, 
however, that something precious and incorruptible which carries the 
noblest spirits past whatever difficulties lie about their path. He had 
inherited the best in the old Puritan blood, and his life showed from 
beginning to end the undeviating pursuit of an ideal followed re- 
lentlessly and unsmirched by any mean and selfish ambitions. 
He took his Bachelor's degree at Harvard in 1869, and then 
matriculated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, carrying on 
at the same time his studies for his Master's degree at Harvard. In 
1872 he received his degree of Doctor of Medicine at the former in- 
stitution, his thesis entitled "Perityphilitis" gaining the prize 
awarded by the faculty for the best in his class, and at the same time 
won the degree of Master of Arts at Harvard. 
From the outset, surgery had attracted his preference, a choice 
which may have been in part due to the influence of his perceptor, 
Dr. Henry B. Sands, one of the most accomplished surgeons of his 
generation. In accordance with the custom of his profession, Dr. 
Bull secured an interneship at Bellevue Hospital, and served out 
a term of a year and a half. Armed with the questions raised by his 
experience here, the young man then went to Europe to observe the 
methods used in foreign hospitals. He came back stocked with new 
ideas and with the inspiration of having seen some of the best work 
done by the great operating surgeons of Europe. In his physical 
endowment he was singularly fortunate. Tall, strong, and well- 
built, his every movement was sure and gentle. His nerves and mus- 
cles seemed of steel, and his mere presence inspired confidence and 
courage. 
On his return from abroad in 1875, he settled down to practice in 
New York, and there lived for thirty-three years, taking as time 
went on more and more burdens on his shoulders,-the twofold bur- 
den of a great physician of relieving suffering humanity, and that of 
handing on the torch of knowledge to the younger men who must 
take up his work. For two years he was in charge of a public dis- 
pensary, going from there in 1877 to take command at the Chamber 
Street Hospital where he remained eleven years. It was while there 
that he performed the laparotomy which gave him his first fame as 
a daring and successful innovator. Prior to this, gunshot wounds 432 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
in the abdomen were practically always fatal. But an autopsy upon 
a woman who died from this cause after she had been brought into 
the hospital led him to believe that she might have been saved. 
When soon after, a man suffering from a similar wound was brought 
to him, he made an incision, took out and mended the intestine and 
replaced it. The operation was entirely successful, and though it 
is now of common occurrence it was then a new departure and marked 
an epoch, paving the way for others. In connection with his rapidly 
growing private practice, and his work at Chambers Street Hospital, 
he became assistant demonstrator in anatomy in 1879 at the College 
of Physicians and Surgeons, and here at his old alma mater he rapidly 
made his way through all grades from assistant demonstrator to dem- 
onstrator in 1880, and from Adjunct Professor in 1883 to Full Pro- 
fessor of Surgery in 1888. 
The record of his services to other institutions is a long one- 
positions which were no empty titles, but which were won and kept 
by the recognition of his colleagues of painstaking, courageous, and 
unflagging labor. He was a member of the staff of St. Luke's Hos- 
pital (1880-84; 1888-89), and was on the staff of New York Hospital 
(1883-1900). In 1900 he became surgeon at Roosevelt Hospital. 
Besides these he had connections with Manhattan Hospital, the 
Woman's Hospital, and the New York Cancer Hospital, now the 
General Memorial Hospital, and with the Orthopedic Hospital. He 
wras also one of the surgeons in charge at the Hospital for the Rup- 
tured and Crippled, and was also consulting surgeon to the Newport 
(Rhode Island) Hospital. 
It was while he was at St. Luke's that he performed the operation 
for appendicitis which was the pioneer in this country. A Captain 
Edward Temple Rose, of London, a man of some prominence, was 
told that he had appendicitis and that the only two men who could 
do anything for him were Dr. Billroth, of Vienna, and Dr. Bull, of 
New York. Captain Rose came to New York and Dr. Bull operated 
upon him, removing the vermiform appendix and being completely 
successful. This gained him new reputation with the discerning 
public, and still greater praise from the men of his own profession. 
But with all these successes and honors, the essential modesty and 
simplicity of the man remained untouched. One is reminded of the 
touchstone suggested by Kipling for testing a real man: 
If you can talk with crowds nor lose your virtue, 
Or walk with kings-nor lose the common touch; 
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you; 
If all men count with you but none too much. 
And the most impartial judgment would admit that by this as well 
as by higher standards he would always stand out as a marked man. 
In the latter part of his life Dr. Bull became widely-known as 
a cancer specialist, and he was one of the great number of investi- 
gators who hoped by a serum injection to check the ravages of the 
scourge. For a time it was believed that his serum derived from BIOGRAPHICAL 
433 
erysipelas would prove of value as a remedy, but continued tests 
finally decided against this as against all other remedies of this most 
terrible of diseases. 
It was one of the tragedies of fate that this man who had done so 
much to alleviate the sufferings of others should be called to travel 
the same dark road. In April, 1908, he was found to have an abcess 
in a gland of the neck, and in a few weeks its malignant character 
became apparent. Though no one knew better than he that he was 
a doomed man, he fought bravely to the end for life and for all that 
life meant for a man like him, dying February 22, 1909. 
In the midst of his arduous labors, Dr. Bull found time to con- 
tribute to the medical journals. Among these articles were: "Re- 
markable Cases of Fracture," 1878; "Notes on Cases of Hernia, 
which have Relapsed after Operation," 1891; "On Three Cases of 
Pylorectomy with Gastroenterostomy," 1891. He was a fellow of 
the American Surgical Association, and a member of a number of 
other bodies in his own profession. On the social side he was a mem- 
ber of the University, Grolier, Racquet and Tennis clubs. 
The circumstances of the acquaintance which led up to his mar- 
riage with Mrs. James G. Blaine, Jr., daughter-in-law of the well- 
known statesman, have a romantic interest. She was Mary Nevins, 
daughter of Colonel Richard Nevins, for twenty-five years the owner 
and editor of the Ohio Statesman, published at Columbus. She 
was in the midst of a course of training in the use of her very wonder- 
ful voice when she was stricken with rheumatism. Her case was 
pronounced hopeless by the doctors, and she was told that she was 
to be a cripple for life. Dr. Bull, becoming interested in her case, 
cured her and an attachment sprang up which resulted in their mar- 
riage, May 30, 1893. 
13AUL ZOTIQUE HEBERT, M.D. From Normandy, France, came 
1 the paternal ancestors of Dr. Hebert, his maternal line, 
French colonists in Quebec, from Charente, France. He is the son 
of Paul and Delphine (Dore) Hebert, his Hebert ancestors settling 
in Acadia, now Nova Scotia. 
Paul Zotique Hebert was born May 25, 1849, in St. Constant, 
Quebec, Canada, and on August 8, 1874, he became a naturalized 
citizen of the United States at Whitehall, Washington county, New 
York. He was educated at St. Constant, Quebec, Canada; Champlain, 
New York; and McGill University, Montreal. On August 4, 1868, he 
was awarded a diploma, No. 2874, from the bureau of examiners of 
Montreal, that diploma allowing him to teach all subjects taught in 
elementary schools under their jurisdiction. On February 2, 1869, 
he was awarded a diploma, No. 139, from the same authority, allowing 
him to teach in any model school over which they had jurisdiction. 
The examinations which brought him these diplomas were prepared 
for and passed while serving a medical apprenticeship under Dr. 
J. C. N. Hebert, of Montreal. He then matriculated at McGill Uni- 
versity to qualify for the study of medicine and was graduated with 434 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
honors, March 28, 1872, Dr. William Osler being a classmate. Since 
that graduation Dr. Hebert has been awarded diplomas and degrees 
by the Royal College of Physicians of London, England, in 1879; 
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario, Canada, March 16, 
1912; and licenses to practice from the State of New York, February 
21, 1912; State of Massachusetts, May 16, 1912; State of Rhode 
Island, May 16, 1912. 
After he received his M.D. from McGill in 1872 Dr. Hebert began 
practice in Whitehall, New York, where he remained six years. 
The next year was passed in California, after which he located in 
London, England, where he successfully practised his profession for 
thirty-three years. In 1912 he located in New York City, where he 
is still in practice, and during the first fifteen years he engaged in 
the general practice of medicine. In 1884 a group of physicians and 
surgeons in London joined together to form the British Gynaecological 
Society and he was made one of the foundation fellows of that so- 
ciety. From that time he became more and more a specialist in 
gynaecology. In London he had a great deal of hospital experience, 
particularly with the out-patient department of Soho Square Hos- 
pital and Samaritan Free Hospital for Women. In Canada he per- 
formed service for which he received two officers' certificates of 
military instruction at Montreal Military School, one dated April 
20, 1868, the other May 18, 1869. He also has a certificate from the 
School of Gunnery, Montreal, dated August 4, 1869. 
Dr. Hebert was special collaborator to the British Gynecological 
Journal from 1900 to its withdrawal from publication in 1907. He 
is the author of "The Modern Doctrine of Bacteriology or the Germ 
Theory of Disease," 1899; "Killing off the Unfit and the Trans- 
missibility of Acquired Characters," 1907. Among his many valu- 
able contributions to the literature of his profession may be named: 
"Case of Spontaneous Expulsion in Shoulder Presentation," Canada 
Medical and Surgical Journal, 1872; "A Curious Inquest," Ibid; 
"Dilatation instead of Support of the Perineum," British Medical 
Journal, 1890; "Respiratory Complications of Influenza," Ibid; 
"Placenta in Twins," British Gynecological Journal, 1890; "A New 
Electrode," Ibid; "Phychology of Dreams," Journal of the Society 
of Physical Research, November, 1897, to February, 1898; "Kraurosis 
of the Vulva," British Gynecological Journal, 1900; "Discussion on 
the Transmissibility of Acquired Characters," General Practitioner, 
November and December, 1907; "Weismann's Cell Division Theory," 
New York Medical Journal, 1913; "Improvements in the Speculum," 
Ibid; "Salvarsan Treatment of Syphilis," New YorP State Journal 
of Medicine, 1913,.page 680; "Sodium Chloride in Bright's Disease," 
American Medical Association Journal, 1914, page 2305. 
Dr. Hebert has devised various instruments or appliances which 
he used in his practice, three of which are herein described as being 
very valuable: (A) An intra uterine applicator with a syringe, at a 
time when operating was less in vogue, for reaching the cornua of 
the uterus from which a jet of soft ointment could be projected into BIOGRAPHICAL 
435 
the Fallopian tube, or in some cases as in pyo-salpinx, for instance, 
when both ends of the tube were sealed up by protective inflamma- 
tion, to apply in the uterine cornua an ointment, such as salicylic 
acid ointment, which would denude the surface and open the uterine 
end of the Fallopian tube through which the contents of the pyo- 
salpinx could be emptied, curing several cases in this way, especially 
chronic cases. (B) He has also devised a speculum for the circum- 
scribed application of iodine to inffamed broad ligaments or other 
parts of the pelvic organs accessible through the vagina, and also one 
with perforations for excising papillomata or warts in the vagina. 
These were described in the New York Medical Journal of April 12, 
1913, page 756. (C) Another appliance he devised at the time 
Dr. Apostoli was using his messy electrode of clay, was one made of 
thin wire gauze or tinsel cloth folded over a round piece of asbestos 
felt and soldered at the back, in the middle, with the connecting 
conductor. The back was then covered with soft velveteen and 
brought over the border and sewn so as to cover about one inch all 
around in front. To use the electrode a damp piece of felt was laid 
over the surface of the wire gauze to establish the connection be- 
tween the wire gauze and the skin of the patient. Dr. Hebert is 
a member of the American Association for the Advancement of 
Science, a fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine, and a mem- 
ber of the Democratic Association of New York City. He resides 
at No. 455 West Forty-seventh Street, New York. He is un- 
married. 
^HARLES McBURNEY, M.D., was born February 17, 1845, in 
Roxbury, Massachusetts. His father, Charles McBurney, Sr., 
came to this country from Ireland, where he had been born of Scotch- 
Irish parentage, and while still a lad had engaged in mercantile pur- 
suits. He had died while still comparatively young. Dr. McBurney's 
mother's name was Rosine Huton, and she came of New England 
ancestry, being descended on both the mother's as well as the father's 
side from old Colonial families. 
He received his preparatory education in the Roxbury Latin School 
and in a private school in Boston, and in 1862 was admitted to Har- 
vard College and was graduated Bachelor of Arts in 1866, and Master 
of Arts in 1869. In 1870 he received the degree of Doctor of Medi- 
cine from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, and 
immediately secured a position as surgical interne, winning a com- 
petition held for that purpose, for service at Bellevue Hospital, at 
that time the best-equipped institution of the kind in New York 
City. After eighteen months of this work, he spent two years in 
Europe, pursuing his surgical studies in Vienna, Berlin, Paris, and 
London. In 1873 he returned to New York and immediately estab- 
lished himself in practice there, becoming associated the following 
year with Dr. George A. Petters, a connection which lasted until 
the older man retired from active practice about ten years later. 
In 1873 he became assistant demonstrator of anatomy under Dr. 436 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Henry B. Sands, at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and was 
subsequently demonstrator of anatomy for several years. From 1878 
to 1880 he lectured upon the anatomy of the nerves, in 1882 was ap- 
pointed lecturer upon operative surgery, and in 1889 Professor of 
Surgery. The increasing demands of his private and hospital practice 
compelled his resignation of the last position in 1894, but he con- 
tinued his connection as Professor of Clinical Surgery, teaching in 
Roosevelt Hospital. He has been connected as attendijig or consult- 
ing surgeon with several of the most prominent hospitals in New York. 
He was made attending surgeon to St. Luke's Hospital in 1875, and 
to Bellevue Hospital about 1880, and consulting surgeon to the Pres- 
byterian Hospital in 1886. In 1888, as the successor of Dr. Sands, 
he was placed in charge of the entire surgical service of Roosevelt 
Hospital. This selection, inspired as it was by his predecessor, who 
had himself established the service as the only continuous one in 
the city, and had made it pre-eminent, was a remarkable tribute to 
Dr. McBurney's character and professional attainments. Long be- 
fore he resigned from it in 1900 it had become the most notable surgi- 
cal service in the country. Speaking of his resignation, the Medical 
Record said editorially: " It it a duty as well as a pleasure to testify 
to the fidelity, the devotion, and skill he brought to the service, and to 
the brilliant results he has obtained. The service has become most 
notable. No other hospital in the city can show for the same period 
so important a list of operative cases and successes, and such note- 
worthy additions to therapeutics and methods. The fame of the 
hospital has spread, and its reputation has brought patients to it 
in constantly increasing numbers." On his resignation he was ap- 
pointed consulting surgeon, but he soon resigned the position. He is 
now consulting surgeon to the New York Hospital, St. Luke's Hos- 
pital, the Presbyterian Hospital, the Orthopedic Hospital, St. Mark's 
Hospital, and the Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled. 
Dr. McBurney is a corresponding member of the Societe de 
Chirurgie of Paris, a member of the New York Academy of Medicine, 
of the County Medical Society, of the Medical and Surgical Society, 
of the Practitioners' Society, and of the Roman Medical Society, and 
is a councillor of the Association of the Alumni of the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons. His contributions to surgical literature 
have been numerous and important. The most notable have been in 
connection with the subject of appendicitis. Of these the one entitled 
"Experience with Early Operative Interference in Cases of Disease 
of the Vermiform Appendix," published in the New York Medical 
Journal, December 21, 1889, may fairly be said to have established 
the means of diagnosis and the character of the treatment, and to have 
given to America its admitted priority and pre-eminence in the mat- 
ter. The presentation was so clear, the demonstration so complete 
that the general acceptance of his views was not even checked by 
the opposition and objections raised by a few of his colleagues. The 
prominence which he gave to the localized tenderness, to what has 
been since universally known as "McBurney's Point," brought a BIOGRAPHICAL 
437 
ready means of diagnosis within the reach of all and has undoubtedly 
led to the saving of thousands of lives. 
His other contributions upon the same subject were: "Appendici- 
tis; the Indications for Early Laparotomy," read before the Medical 
Society of the State of New York, in February, 1891; "The Incision 
Made in the Abdominal Wall in Cases of Appendicitis, with a De- 
scription of a New Method of Operating," Annals of Surgery, July, 
1894; "The Treatment of the Diffuse Form of Septic Perintonitis 
Occurring as a Result of Appendicitis," in the Medical Record, March 
30, 1895. The chapters on "Surgical Treatment of Appendicitis," in 
System and Surgery, and a "Surgery of the Vermiform Appendix," 
in International Text-book of Surgery. In "The Radical Cure of 
Inguinal Hernia," Medical Record, March, 1889 he introduced the 
first really efficient operation for relief from the tyranny of the 
truss, and although it was superseded by Bassini's method, which 
appeared shortly afterwards, it deserves to be remembered as a suc- 
cessful attempt to accomplish what at that time was unattainable ex- 
cept in the slighter grades of the affection. His paper on "Disloca- 
tion of the Humerus, Complicated by Fracture at or near the Surgi- 
cal Neck, with a New Method of Reduction," Annals of Surgery, 
April, 1894, and reprinted May, 1896, reported the successful use of a 
method for the relief of a condition which previously had been practi- 
cally relegated to palliative measures. In ' ' Removal of Biliary 
Calculi by the Duodenal Route," Annals of Surgery, 1898, he again 
gave to surgery an entirely new and effective operation. His inter- 
est in thorough, careful work is shown in the articles: "The Use of 
Rubber Gloves in Operative Surgery," Annals of Surgery, July, 
1898; "Remarks Concerning the Practice of Aseptic Surgery," New 
York Medical Journal, March 22, 1902, and the chapter on "The 
Technique of Aseptic Surgery," in International Text-book of Sur- 
gery. 
Dr. McBurney's professional work has been characterized through- 
out by thoroughness of preparation, soberness of judgment, minute 
care, attention to detail, manual skill in execution, and fidelity to the 
interests of his patients. These traits have won for him the confidence 
of his patients and respect of the profession to so high a degree that 
he is today more widely and favorably known throughout the land 
than any other surgeon. A striking instance of this universal re- 
gard was shown in the immediate and general favor with which the 
news was received that he had been called in consultation to the 
bedside of President McKinley. In addition his sincerity, his kind- 
liness, and his loyalty have surrounded him with a host of devoted 
friends. 
TAR WISNER ROBINSON TOWNSEND, A.M., M.D., is a sur- 
geon who has acquired a reputation in orthopedic work that 
ranks with the best in the country. He was born in Clifton, Richmond 
county, New York, August 5, 1866, the son of Wisner Helme and 
Emily Haywood (Kyle) Townsend. He is the ninth in descent from 438 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
the John Townsend who was the progenitor of the family in New 
England. 
He received his preparatory education at the Charlier School in 
New York City, following this with the course in Columbia University 
from which he received in 1877 the degree of Bachelor of Arts. His 
Master's degree in Arts was given him by the same institution three 
years later, in 1880. The latter year was also the date for his gaining 
at the hands of the College of Physicians and Surgeons his degree in 
medicine. He then entered Bellevue Hospital and served in the 
surgical division from April, 1880, until August, 1881. The follow- 
ing year Dr. Townsend went to South Pittsburg, Tennessee, and en- 
tered upon general practice. His stay there was not long, as he 
was appointed in 1888 to the post of assistant surgeon to the Hos- 
pital of the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and 
Crippled; and he has remained there ever since that time, devoting 
himself to the orthopedic type of surgery. He has won the reputa- 
tion among his professional brethren of being an exceedingly able 
man and a leading authority in his specialty, and recognition has 
come to him repeatedly in his election to important positions in the 
medical societies. He was president of the Bellevue Alumni Associa- 
tion (1892-93) ; president of the New York Orthopedic Society (1898- 
99) ; president of the Clinical Society (1899-1900) ; and in 1901 he 
was elected president of the New York Association of Railway Sur- 
geons. He holds membership in the American Medical Association, in 
the New York State and County Medical Societies, and in the alumni 
associations of his college and hospital. In 1889 he was appointed 
clinical assistant at the New York Polyclinic Medical School and 
Hospital, and six years afterwards (1895) became its Professor of 
Orthopedic Surgery, the same year seeing his appointment as ortho- 
pedic surgeon at the French Hospital. Besides these positions he is 
also a consulting surgeon at Bayonne Hospital. 
Dr. Townsend has been a large contributor to the literature of his 
profession, and his papers and articles in the medical journals have 
been ranked as valuable additions to the subjects in which he is so 
high an authority. These have found wide circulation among all 
interested in orthopedic surgery. Among them are the following: 
"A Statistical Paper on Club Foot," Trans, of N. Y. State Med. 
Soc., in 1890; "Acute Arthritis of Infants," the Amer. Jrnl. of the 
Med. Sci., Jan., 1890; "The Treatment of Flat Foot by Thomas' 
Method," Jrnl. of the Amer. Med. Ass., Aug. 9, 1890; "Sprains of 
the Angle," the Jrnl. of the Amer. Med. Ass., Aug. 1, 1891; "The 
Treatment of Abscesses of Potts' Disease," Trans, of the Amer. 
Orthop. Ass., Sept. 1891; "The Necessity of Early Mechanical Treat- 
ment in Infantile Spinal Paralysis," Med. Rec., Jan. 30, 1892; "The 
Treatment of Hip Disease," N. Y. Med. Jrnl., Feb. 18, 1893; Potts' 
Disease in the Adult," the N. Y. Polyclinic, Feb. 15, 1894; "The 
Treatment of Retropharangeal Abscess, Due to Potts' Disease," Amer. 
Med. Sur. Bulletin, April 15, 1894; '1 Tubercular Disease of the Shoul- 
der," the N. Y. Med. Jrnl., Aug. 22, 1894; "The Diagnosis of Chronic BIOGRAPHICAL 
439 
Joint-Disease," N. Y. Med. Jrnl., May 25, 1895; "Treatment of 
Chronic Disease of the Ankle and Tarsus," the N. Y. Med. Jrnl., 
Aug. 22, 1896; "Acute Pneumococcus Infection-Death in Thirty 
Hours," the N. Y. Polyclinic, May 15, 1897; "Results of the Treat- 
ment of Rheumatic Fibrous Ankylosis by Brisemont Force," Med. 
News, Feb. 1, 1896; "The Symptoms of Hip Joint Disease," the Med. 
Brief, March, 1897; "Excision of the Hip," Med. News, June 26, 
1897; ' ' The Prevention of Deformity after the Excision of the Knee 
in Children," N. Y. Med. Jrnl., April 1, 1899; "Report of a Case of 
Hysteria, or Malingering," Inter. Jrnl. of Surg., Nov., 1899; "The 
President's Address," Amer. Ortho. Ass., 1899, Trans, of the Amer. 
Orth. Ass., 1899; "Review of the Second Edition Orthopedic Sur- 
gery by Bradford and Lovett," the Amer. Jrnl. of Ob st erics and Dis- 
eases of Women and Children, Dec., 1899; the article on "Bone 
Syphilis in System of Genito-Urinary Diseases, Sy philology and Der- 
matology," edited by Morrow; "Tendon Transplantation in the Treat- 
ment of Deformities of the Hand," Med. News, July 14, 1900; "The 
Treatment of Tuberculosis of the Knee Joint," Jrnl of Amer. Med. 
Ass., Jan. 12, 1901; "The Correction of Deformities Following Ostitis 
of the Knee," N. Y. Med. Jrnl., Dec. 21, 1902. 
Dr. Townsend married (first), February 9, 1887, Marguerite Ze- 
wald, daughter of Benjamin Zewald, of South Pittsburg, Tennessee; 
she died March 29, 1888. On April 27, 1893, Dr. Townsend married 
(second) Elizabeth McGunnegle Walker, daughter of Benjamin 
E. Walker, of St. Louis, Missouri, and they have had two sons born 
to them, Walker Townsend, born January 26, 1894, and Wisner Rob- 
inson, Jr., born June 10, 1896. Dr. Townsend is a member of the 
University Club of New York City, and served as fleet surgeon to the 
Atlantic Yacht Club. 
I^DWARD W. LAMBERT, M.D., was born February 15, 1831, in 
^Boston, Massachusetts, the son of William G. and Sally (Perley) 
Lambert. His father was a member of the firm of A. A. Lawrence 
& Company, commission merchants of Boston. The Lambert family is 
of old New England stock, the progenitor of the American branch hav- 
ing come to this country in 1639, in company with Dr. Robinson. The 
first American Lambert settled in Rowley, Massachusetts, becoming 
one of its first founders, and was at the time granted land, a portion 
of which is now in the possession of his descendant, Dr. Lambert. 
They were a vigorous and independent family and took an active part 
in the struggle for their country's freedom from the galling tyranny 
of the British king. The grandfather of Dr. Lambert fought in the 
battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill, and a Perley, his great-grand- 
father on his mother's side, also took part in these engagements, that 
also having been a leading family of the Colonial period. 
At an early age Dr. Lambert was taken by his parents to live in 
Brooklyn, New York, and here he was sent to private schools. When 
he was thirteen years old the family returned to Boston, and in the 440 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
high schools of this place the young boy completed his preparatory 
education. He then started to work, obtaining a position as a ship- 
ping clerk in a dry goods store, part of the duties of which consisted 
in those days in building the fires. Dr. Lambert, had decided to make 
medicine his career, and went to Northampton to complete his studies 
in preparation for college. He entered Yale University in 1851 as a 
sophomore, and in three years graduated with the degree of Bachelor 
of Arts. He then entered the office of Dr. Willard Parker and served 
as his assistant, attending at the same time the lectures of the College 
of Physicians and Surgeons, graduating from this institution in 1857 
with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He served the required 
eighteen months as an interne in Bellevue Hospital and entered upon 
practice as a medical examiner. For a period he was Assistant Dem- 
onstrator of Anatomy under Dr. Sands, and in 1862 was appointed 
attending physician at the De Milt Dispensary. He was for ten years 
the visiting physician to St. Luke's Hospital, and for three years was 
attending physician at the Nursery and Child's Hospital. Since 
1859 he has been the medical examiner to the Equitable Life Insur- 
ance Company. During the ten years, from 1860 to 1870, he gave his 
professional services without remuneration to the indigent members 
of the Church of the Holy Communion. 
Dr. Lambert holds membership in a number of the medical so- 
cieties, among these being the Academy of Medicine, the Pathological 
Society, the County Medical Society, the Medical and Surgical Society, 
and the Society for the Relief of the Widows and Orphans of Medical 
Men. He also belongs to the Lawyers, the University, the Century, 
and the Yale clubs, and the college societies of Psi Upsilon and the 
Skull and Bones. He is a member of Broadway Tabernacle Church. 
Dr. Lambert married, in September, 1858, Martha Waldron, a resi- 
dent of Boston, but formerly of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and a 
member of one of the old Colonial families of the State. They are the 
parents of four sons and four daughters: Samuel W., Alexander, 
Adrian Van S., all physicians; Elliot C.; Mrs. W. D. Richards; Mrs. 
W. R. Barbour; Mrs. K. D. Cheney, Jr.; and Katharine. 
ALEXANDER LAMBERT, M.D., was born in New York City, 
December 15, 1861, a son of Edward Wilberforce and Martha 
(Waldron) Lambert. His baccalaureate degree in arts was obtained 
from Yale University in 1884, and that in philosophy in the following 
year from the same institution. He then entered upon the study of 
his profession at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia 
University, and received his degree as Doctor of Medicine in 1888. 
He then established himself in practice in New York City, and soon 
gained a reputation as a learned and reliable practitioner. He re- 
ceived the appointment as attending physician to Bellevue Hospital 
and to the Diphtheria and Scarlet Fever Hospital. He was also made 
consulting physician to the New York Infirmary for Women and 
Children, to the Perth Amboy (New Jersey) Hospital, to the Nyack BIOGRAPHICAL 
441 
(New York), and to the Greenwich (Connecticut), hospitals. He is 
the Professor of Clinical Medicine at Cornell University Medical Col- 
lege. He serves in the United States Army as first lieutenant of the 
Medical Reserve Corps. He is a member of the American Medical As- 
sociation, the New York State Medical Society, the New York County 
Medical Society, the New York Academy of Medicine, the Pathological 
Society, and of the Alumni Association of Bellevue Hospital. He is a 
trustee of the New York Infirmary for Women and Children. His 
clubs are the Century, Yale, Columbia, Campfire, Boone and Crokett, 
Tourili Fish and Game (Quebec), and the Triple Island Gunning 
Club (Munden, Virginia). 
Dr. Lambert married, in New York City, April 23, 1895, Ellen 
Waitestille Cheney. 
I7DWARD LELAND KELLOGG, M.D., a prominent physician and 
surgeon of New York, the number of whose institutional activities 
is legion, was born at Homer, in Cortland, New York, August 1, 1872, 
the son of William Alvan and Chloe Irene (Churchill) Kellogg. He 
was educated at the Homer Academy and was valedictorian of his 
class in 1891. Having decided upon medicine as his life work he 
then entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia Uni- 
versity and received his degree of Doctor of Medicine from that in- 
stitution in 1895, at which time he won the Harzen prize. For a year 
(1898-99) he served as interne at Bellevue Hospital, and from 1900 
to 1903 was the resident physician at the Hospital for Scarlet Fever 
and Diphtheria patients. Since 1903 he has been the associate attend- 
ing physician at Minturn Hospital, and is also attending surgeon at 
Gouverneur Hospital. He serves as Clinical Professor of Diseases of 
the Digestive System at the New York Polyclinic Medical School and 
Hospital, a school of clinical medicine and surgery for practitioners, 
and is Professor of Internal Medicine at the New York School of 
Clinical Medicine. He is physician at the New York Polyclinic Hos- 
pital, and chief at the West Side German Dispensary. He is chief 
of clinic at the New York Polyclinic Dispensary, and holds the same 
position at the Gouverneur Hospital Dispensary. He holds the posi- 
tion of examiner of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, and 
was formerly associate medical director and chief examiner of the 
Liberty Life Insurance Company. 
Dr. Kellogg is a member of the American Medical Association, the 
New York State Medical Society, the Medical Society of the County of 
New York, the Medical Association of the Greater City of New York, 
the Physicians' Mutual Aid Association, the Eastern Medical Society 
of the City of New York, the Clinical Society of New York, the Poly- 
clinic Medical School and Hospital, the Society of the Alumni of 
Bellevue Hospital, the American Society of Sanitary and Moral Pro- 
phylaxis, the New York Academy of Medicine, and the American Asso- 
ciation for the Advancement of Science. He is a Mason, holding mem- 
bership in Chancellor Walworth Lodge. 442 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
t^RANCIS DELAFIELD, M.D., was born in the City of New York, 
1 August 3, 1841, son of the late Dr. Edward Delafield and Julia 
(Floyd) Delafield. His father was one of the founders of the Asso- 
ciation of the Alumni of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and 
one of its most active and generous supporters. 
Francis Delafield was educated at Yale University, graduating in 
1860, after which he matriculated at the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons and graduated in 1863. He continued his medical studies 
in Europe. The degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred upon him 
by Yale University in 1890. During his long and active professional 
life, in connection with his practice, Dr. Delafield filled the following 
offices: Curator to Bellevue Hospital, 1866; visiting surgeon, 1875-86, 
and consulting physician from that time until his death in 1915; sur- 
geon and consulting physician to the New York Eye and Ear In- 
firmary; consulting physician to St. Mary's Hospital; Adjunct Pro- 
fessor, 1876, and in 1882, Professor of Pathology and the Practice of 
Medicine in New York College of Physicians and Surgeons, later 
becoming Emeritus Professor of the Practice of Medicine. 
As a pathologist, as well as a practicing and consulting physician, 
Dr. Delafield enjoyed an enviable reputation both in this country and 
abroad. His "Studies in Pathological Anatomy" is regarded by his 
professional brethren as a standard book of reference. His earlier 
work was "Handbook of Post-mortem, Examinations and Morbid 
Anatomy," which, with the assistance of Dr. T. Mitchell Prudden, 
he made the basis of his notable ' ' Handbook of Pathological Anatomy 
and Histology." He also wrote a "Manual of Physical Diagnosis," 
and several other valuable contributions to medical literature, includ- 
ing especially important valuable papers on "Renal Diseases," "In- 
flammation of the Colon," etc. Dr. Delafield was a member of the 
Century, City, Metropolitan, Riding, and Yale clubs, the Yale Alumni 
Association, the Association of the Alumni of the College of Phy- 
sicians, the New York Academy of Medicine, the New Pathological 
Society, the State Medical Society, the Medical Society of the County 
of New York, the Society for the Relief of the Widows and Orphans 
of Medical Men, and the Physicians' Mutual Aid Association. 
Dr. Delafield married, January 17, 1870, Katherine Van Rensselaer, 
and died July 17, 1915. 
JOHN A. LEE.-Among the successful practitioners of medicine in 
the city of Brooklyn is John A. Lee. He graduated from Yale 
University Medical College in 1897, and soon afterwards commenced 
the practice of his profession in the city of churches. He is a fel- 
low in the American Medical Association, also the American College 
of Surgeons. He is a member of the Kings County Medical Society, 
the New York State Medical Society, the Brooklyn Surgical Society, 
the Brooklyn Pathological Society and the Society of Alumni of St. 
Mary's Hospital. He is surgeon at the St. Mary's Hospital, and at- 
tending surgeon at the Kingston Avenue Hospital. Dr. Lee was for BIOGRAPHICAL 
443 
a number of years located at No. 366 Herkimer Street; his present 
address, however, is No. 25 Revere Place. 
T OSEPH CHARLES TAYLOR-The subject of this narrative 
** graduated in 1896, receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine 
from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York City. He 
is a fellow of the American Medical Association and the New York 
Academy of Medicine. He is connected with the staff of St. Eliza- 
beth 's Hospital, also with other hospitals and dispensaries, and is con- 
sulting surgeon of a hospital located at Torrington, Connecticut. Dr. 
Taylor's office address is No. 117 West Seventy-ninth Street. 
ALBERT FERDINAND BRUGMAN-Among the practitioners of 
1 x medicine in the latter half of the nineteenth century who are still 
in active practice today is Albert Ferdinand Brugman. He received 
his degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1883 from the College of Physi- 
cians and Surgeons of New York City. He is a member of the New 
York State and County Medical societies; a fellow of the American 
Medical Association, and of the New York Academy of Medicine. 
He is a member of the staff of the Fordham Hospital, and on the con- 
sulting staff of the United Hospital at Port Chester. Dr. Brugman 
resides at No. 163 West Eighty-fifth Street. 
J OHN ALFRED BODINE-Though not a native of New York 
City, John Alfred Bodine has been a prominent medical practi- 
tioner of the city for over a quarter of a century. He graduated from 
the University of Louisville in 1893, and soon afterwards commenced 
the practice of his profession. He is a fellow of the American Medi- 
cal Association and of the New York State and County Medical so- 
cieties. He is a member of the visiting staff of surgeons of the New 
York Polyclinic Medical School and Hospital, of the consulting staff 
of St. John's (Long Island City) Hospital, and of the Northwestern 
Dispensary. His office address is No. 182 West Fifty-eighth Street. 
THEODORE JACOB ABBOTT-Among the younger members of 
1 the medical fraternity of New York City is Theodore Jacob 
Abbott. He is a graduate of Harvard University, and received his de- 
gree of Doctor of Medicine in 1900 from the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons and the medical department of Columbia University. 
He is a fellow of the American Medical Association, and of the New 
York Academy of Medicine. He is a member of the staff of Bellevue 
Hospital. Dr. Abbott's office address is No. 113 East Seventy-eighth 
Street. 
LJUBERT ARROWSMITH-Prominent among the City of Brook- 
1 1 lyn's physicians and surgeons is Hubert Arrowsmith. He gradu- 
ated, in 1886, from the Long Island College Hospital. He is a fel- 
low of the American Medical Association, the American College of 
Surgeons, the American Laryngology, Rhinology and Otology Asso- 
ciation, the New York Academy of Medicine, a member of the New 444 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
York State and County Medical societies, and the laryngology, 
rhinology and otology section of the Medical Society of Kings County. 
He is connected with the medical staff of St. Anthony's Hospital at 
Woodhaven, and is the consulting laryngologist at the Brooklyn State 
Hospital. His present office address is No. 170 Clinton Street, Brook- 
lyn. 
AA/ILHAM EDGAR CALDWELL, a practicing physician of New 
* ' York City, is located at No. 58 West Fifty-fifth Street. He 
graduated, in 1904, from the University and Bellevue Hospital Medi- 
cal College of the New York University. He is a fellow of the Ameri- 
can Medical Association and of the American Obstetrical Society. 
He is also a member of the New York State and County Medical so- 
cieties, of the Society of Alumni of Bellevue Hospital, and of the 
Alumni Society of the Lying-in Hospital. He is assistant obstetric 
at Bellevue Hospital. 
TAPXTER DAVID ASHLEY graduated in 1896 from the Missouri 
Medical College of St. Louis, Missouri. He also attended the 
University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College of the New York 
University, receiving in 1898 his degree of Doctor of Medicine. He 
commenced the practice of medicine in New York City, and was lo- 
cated at No. 252 West Ninety-first Street, but eventually removed to 
No. 346 Lexington Avenue, where his office is at present. He is a fel- 
low of the American Medical Association, and the New York Academy 
of Medicine; and is a member of the New York State and County 
Medical societies. He is orthopedic surgeon at the St. Mark's and 
People's hospitals of New York City; the St. Joseph's Hospital of 
Elmira; and chief orthopedic surgeon at the German Poliklinik. 
FREDERICK HUNTINGTON COERR-Among the younger mem- 
1 bers of the medical fraternity of New York City is Dr. Coerr. 
He graduated in 1904 from the College of Physicians and Surgeons 
of New York, and soon afterwards commenced the practice of his 
chosen profession. He is a member of the New York State and 
County Medical societies, a fellow of the American College of Sur- 
geons, and of the New York Academy of Medicine. His present 
address is No. 24 East Forty-eighth Street. 
A JjBERT ROWCLIFFE MOFFIT, a graduate of the College of 
2 k Physicians and Surgeons, class of 1904, practises the profession 
of medicine at Poughkeepsie. He is a member of the New York 
State and the Dutchess-Putnam Medical societies, and of the Society 
Alumni of St. Luke's Hospital. He is attending surgeon at the Vassar 
Brothers Hospital. 
AA/'ILLIAM HADDICK-A descendant of an old Buffalo family, 
' ' Dr. William Haddick has devoted his professional skill to the 
service of his native city, and since graduation, in 1886, has practiced BIOGRAPHICAL 
445 
his profession in Buffalo, his office at No. 68 Main Street, his resi- 
dence at No. 68 Parker Street. He was born in Buffalo in 1862, and 
after completing grade and high school courses began the study of 
medicine. He completed medical study at the University of Buffalo, 
and was graduated Doctor of Medicine, class of 1886. He at once 
began practice, and is one of the well-established, highly-regarded 
medical practitioners of the city. He is a member of the American 
Medical Association; Erie County Medical Society1, and Buffalo 
Academy of Medicine. 
A/TYRTLE A. HOAG has been pratising medicine in the City of 
1 Buffalo for nearly a score of years. She graduated in 1899 from 
the medical department of the University of Buffalo, and during the 
early years of her practice was located at No. 397 Dearborn Street. 
She at present maintains her office at No. 892 West Avenue. Dr. 
Hoag is a member of the New York State Medical Society, the Medical 
Society of the County of Erie; a fellow of the American Medical Asso- 
ciation, and the Buffalo Academy of Medicine. 
A LBERT T. LYTLE, a prominent member of the medical fraternity 
2 *■ of Buffalo, whose residence and office for more than twenty years 
has been located at No. 200 Lexington Avenue, is a graduate of the 
medical department of the University of Buffalo, class of 1893. Dr. 
Lytle is a fellow of the American Medical Association and of the 
Buffalo Academy of Medicine; a member of the New York State 
Medical Association, and the Medical Society of Erie County. He is 
attendant physician at the Lafayette General Hospital and the Erie 
County Hospital. 
J7LIZABETH DORT-Among the members of the class of 1899 of 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Boston, Massachu- 
setts, was Elizabeth Dort. After receiving her degree of Doctor of 
Medicine from this institution she located at No. 608 Fillmore Avenue, 
in the city of Buffalo, and commenced the general practice of the 
medical profession. She retains the same business address at the 
present time. Dr. Dort is a member of the New York Medical So- 
ciety, of the Medical Society of Erie County; a fellow of the Ameri- 
can Medical Association, and of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine. 
E"TH:?- HATCH maintains an office at No. 2620 Main Street, in 
the city of Buffalo, for the general practice of medicine. She 
graduated in 1906 from the medical department of the University 
of Buffalo. She is a member of the New York State Medical Society, 
the Medical Society of Erie County; also is a fellow of the American 
Medical Association and the Buffalo Academy of Medicine. Dr. 
Hatch is assistant in pediatrics at the Erie County Hospital. 
'M ELLIE E. KURTZ graduated from the medical department of the 
University of Buffalo in the year 1910, and received her degree 
of Doctor of Medicine. Soon after her graduation she commenced 446 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
the practice of her profession in Buffalo, and is at present located at 
No. 815 Tonawanda Street. Her specialty is pediatrics, and in that 
branch of medical science is connected with St. Mary's Infant Asylum. 
Dr. Kurtz is also a member of the medical staff of St. Mary's Maternity 
Hospital. 
yATILLIAM E. SULLIVAN, a practicing physician and surgeon at 
' ' No. 691 Tenth Street, Brooklyn, is a graduate of Long Island 
College Hospital, class of 1889. He is a member of the Pathological 
Society, also of the alumni of St. Mary's Hospital. 
E> OBERT E. SHANAHAN was born in Tarrytown, New York, in 
1879. He was educated at the Irving School of Tarrytown, from 
which he was graduated in 1896. He then matriculated in Columbia 
University, entering the College of Physicians and Surgeons, from 
which he received his degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1900. He occu- 
pies the post of attending surgeon at St. John's Hospital, Yonkers, 
and is chief of the Orthopedic Clinic of the Sherman Memorial Dis- 
pensary, Yonkers. From the commencement of his medical career 
he has made a special study of surgery, and gives particular atten- 
tion to orthopedic work. He is a member of the Yonkers Practi- 
tioners' Club, and belongs to the Westchester County Medical So- 
ciety, and to the American Medical Association. He is a member of 
the First Reformed Church, Yonkers, New York. 
D OBERT EMERY BRENNAN is a graduate of the University of 
Louisville, class of 1900. Shortly after receiving his degree of 
Doctor of Medicine, desiring a larger field of operation, he removed 
to New York City. Here he became prominently identified with the 
medical fraternity, and has ever since practised his profession in that 
city, his present location being at No. 1 West Sixty-first Street. He 
is a fellow of the American Medical Association, also a member of the 
New York State and County Medical societies. Dr. Brennan is one 
of the attending staff of surgeons of St. John's (Long Island City) 
Hospital, and the West Side German Dispensary. 
TAMES PATRICK GLYNN-For nearly a quarter of a century 
the subject of this narrative has practised medicine in the city of 
Brooklyn. He was a member of the class of 1891 of St. Francis 
Xavier College, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts in that year, 
and in 1892 that of Master of Arts. He graduated from the College 
of Physicians and Surgeons, the medical department of Columbia 
University, in 1894, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He is 
a fellow of the American Medical Association, also of the American 
College of Physicians. Dr. Glynn is a member of the visiting staff 
of St. Mary's Hospital, also of the attending staff of Williamsburgh 
Hospital. His office and residence are at No. 474 Ninth Street, 
Brooklyn. BIOGRAPHICAL 
447 
^ONSTANTINE J. MacGUIRE was born a subject of Great Britain. 
He graduated in 1869 from the Kings and Queens College in 
Ireland, and is a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons. Emigrat- 
ing to this country, he has, for over a quarter of a century, been lo- 
cated at No. 120 East Sixth Street, in the practice of his profession. 
He is a fellow of the American Medical Association, of the New York 
Academy of Medicine; a member of the New York State and County 
Medical societies. He is chief of the visiting staff of St. Vincent's 
Hospital and of the St. Joseph's Hospital at Far Rockaway. His 
namesake, Constantine J. MacGuire, Jr., is a practicing physician, a 
graduate of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York 
City, and is located at No. 161 East Seventy-ninth Street. 
K/f IHRAN B. PAROUNAGIAN graduated in 1895 from the New 
1 1 York University. He commenced the practice of medicine in 
New York City soon after his graduation. He is a fellow of the 
American Medical Association and of the New York Academy of 
Medicine. He is a member of the Manhattan Dermatological Society, 
is consulting dermatologist at Gouverneur Hospital, New York City, 
and at St. Luke's Hospital, Newburgh, and attending dermatologist 
at the Gouverneur Dispensary. He resides at No. 135 East Twenty- 
ninth Street. 
MAHUM KAVINOKY, M.D., of Buffalo, New York, was born in 
Russia, in 1876. He received his medical degree at Kiev, Russia, 
1898. From December, 1898, to May, 1899, he pursued his studies, 
doing post-graduate work in Vienna. From January, 1901, until 
October, 1901, he worked in Berlin and Munich. From November, 
1901, until April, 1901, he was in the hospital in St. Petersburg, and 
from April, 1901, until May, 1905, he was in charge of government 
work in Siberia. During the Russo-Japanese war his hospital was 
turned over to the Red Cross and he remained in charge. This was 
followed by post-graduate work in Berlin and Munich, making a 
special study of surgery. He came over to this country in November, 
1905, and since then he has continued studies in surgery; during 
1913 he attended the clinics of Berlin and Paris, and in 1916 was at 
the Mayo's Hospital. Dr. Kavinoky is a member of the American 
Medical Association, the New York State Medical Association, the 
Academy of Medicine of Buffalo and other local medical societies. To 
the Academy of Medicine he has contributed several papers from 
time to time. He has a large practice among the Russians and Poles. 
VTA.DINA R. KAVINOKY, M.D., wife of Dr. Nahum Kavinoky, 
graduated from the University of Buffalo, Medical Department, 
in 1910. From April to August, 1913, Dr. Kavinoky made a special 
study of gynecology in Berlin. She holds the position of assistant 
gynecologist at the Good Samaritan Dispensary. She is a member of 
the Physicians League, Academy of Medicine, Women's Medical So- 
ciety of the State of New York, and New York State Medical Society. 448 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
D ADINA R. KAVINOKY, M.D., wife of Dr. Nahum Kavinoky, 
graduated from the University of Buffalo, Medical Department, 
in 1910. From April to August, 1913, Dr. Kavinoky made a special 
study of gynaecology in Berlin. She holds the position of assistant 
gynaecologist at the Good Samaritan Dispensary. She is a member 
of the Physicians' League, Academy of Medicine, Women's Medical 
Society of the State of New York, and New York State Medical So- 
ciety. 
T OHN SHRADY, A.M., M.D., was born March 13, 1830, on a small 
** garden farm now included in Central Park, New York City. His 
ancestors were German; his paternal grandfather was a Revolutionary 
soldier, and his father of the war of 1812, His maternal grandfather, 
Frederick Beinhauer, married a daughter of Dr. John W. Zeiss, who 
until his death in 1832 practiced among the German residents of New 
York. 
John Shrady attended a private school, then the Columbia Gram- 
mar School, from which he passed to the college, and graduated. For 
a few years he clerked in a pharmacy, and was a bookkeeper in a 
wholesale drug house. Meantime he studied medicine in the office 
of Dr. Watts, received the Harsen and Janies R. Wood prizes, and 
received his medical degree in 1861, and at once gave himself to the 
treatment of children's diseases. In April, 1862, under the contract 
system, he became an acting assistant surgeon of volunteers, and went 
on duty in Tennessee, soon being sent to Nashville, where he estab- 
lished a general hospital, of which he had charge until March, 1863, 
when he was called to field service in General Burnside's army as 
surgeon of the Second Tennessee Infantry Regiment. In November 
he was taken prisoner, but was soon exchanged, and reported at Knox- 
ville, his regiment having been virtually extinguished by the casual- 
ties of service, he was given charge of a general hospital, and was 
mustered out of service with the remnants of his regiment, October 8, 
1864. 
Returning to New York, Dr. Shrady performed duty in the Central 
Park Hospital, until it was closed by reason of end of the Civil War. 
In April, 1866, he established himself in Harlem, and engaged in med- 
ical and surgical practice, but soon came to give his principal atten- 
tion to literary work in the line of his profession. For three years 
he edited the New York Medical Register, under the supervision of 
the New York Medico-Historical Society, and contributed to other 
professional journals in the lines of medical history and biography. 
He succeeded Dr. Austin Flint, Jr., as first editor of the Trans- 
actions of the New York County Medical Association, but resigned 
after a year on account of other heavy drafts upon his time. Among 
his more important writings may be named "Two Hundred Years 
of Medicine," in "Memorial History of New York," "The Psy- 
chical Aspects of Insanity," "The Shadow Line of Insanity," 
"Medical New York in 1800," "Signs of the Moribund Condition," 
"The Genesis of Discovery," "Temperature as an Element in Diag- BIOGRAPHICAL 
449 
nosis," "The Growth of Commercialism in Medicine," and "History 
of College of Physicians and Surgeons" (two volumes). Dr. Shrady 
also wrote many papers anonymously, and read various war papers 
before Grand Army posts and medical bodies. He was a prominent 
member of the New York County and State Medical Associations 
from their foundation until their amalgamation with the other State 
and county associations, and served a term as president of the County 
Association. He was also a member of the Military Order of the 
Loyal Legion, of the Grand Army of the Republic, and of the New 
York Historical Society. He retired from practice in 1908, and took 
up his residence in Stamford, Connecticut, where he died, November 
12, 1914. 
He married, October 24, 1860, the year previous to his graduation, 
Jenny Lockhart, of Huntington, Long Island. Their two sons, John 
E. Shrady and Arthur Melville Shrady, were both graduates of the 
same medical institution with himself. His brother, the late Dr. 
George F. Shrady, was for nearly forty years editor of the Medical 
Record. 
IT ENRY LING TAYLOR, Bachelor of Philosophy of Yale Univer- 
1 1 sity, Doctor of Medicine of the College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons of New York, Columbia University, fellow of the American Col- 
lege of Surgeons, Professor of Orthopedic Surgery for many years at 
the New York Post-Graduate Medical School, Orthopedic Surgeon at 
the Post-Graduate Hospital, author of many important works on or- 
thopedic practice, honored by many medical organizations by elec- 
tion to high executive office, and a New York City orthopedic surgeon 
of large consulting practice and many notable successes, was born in 
the city, on March 17, 1857, the son of Charles Fayette and Mary S. 
(Skinner) Taylor, of New York City, and Williston, Vermont, respec- 
tively. 
The antecedents of Dr. Henry L. Taylor are of historical interest, 
he being a direct descendant of the Rev. Edward Taylor, who was 
born in England in 1642, emigrated to this country in 1668, gradu- 
ated at Harvard College in 1671, became a divine of eminence in Mas- 
sachusetts, married a granddaughter of John Haynes, governor of 
Massachusetts Bay in 1635 under the first charter, and was the pro- 
genitor of many men who attained prominence in the affairs of the 
New England States during the generations from that to the present, 
among other distinctions possessed by the Taylor family being that 
of having furnished a number of presidents of Yale University. 
Dr. Charles Fayette Taylor, father of Dr. Henry Ling Taylor, 
comes into the history of medicine in New York, by reason of his 
notable service to the profession, in his endeavors to advance the 
understanding of orthopedic surgery, which he raised from a state 
of neglect to a position of gratifying effectiveness, making possible 
the cure of many crippling diseases and malformations. Through his 
instrumentality, the New York Orthopedic Dispensary was founded 450 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
in 1866, and he was the first orthopedic surgeon at St. Luke's Hos- 
pital, New York City. 
Dr. Henry Ling Taylor has continued his father's orthopedic work 
with much success. His primary education was obtained in private 
schools of New York, and at the Lyseum of Hanover, Germany. In 
1874 he entered the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University, 
and he obviously applied himself well to his studies, for in his gradua- 
tion in 1877 he gained honors, taking in addition to the degree of 
Bachelor of Philosophy the first prizes of that year in French, Ger- 
man, geology and zoology. With these indications of earnest study, 
he went to New York City to enter upon a course of instruction in 
medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, which in 1880 
became the Medical Department of Columbia University. In his med- 
ical studies he also achieved distinction, his place in the graduating 
class of 1881 entitling him to the second faculty prize of $300, and the 
degree of Doctor of Medicine. 
Dr. Taylor might have immediately engaged in the general prac- 
tice of his profession, but with the desire to pursue further research, 
by competitive examination he obtained an appointment to the house- 
staff of Roosevelt Hospital, New York. There an interneship of eight- 
een months duration proved a valuable post-graduate course, after 
completing which he opened private office for the exclusive practice 
of orthopedic surgery. His standing in the profession to-day is ade- 
quate indication of the value of his work during a wide practice of 
more than thirty years duration. Dr. Taylor has been very successful 
in the treatment of deformities, spinal and joint diseases, etc. He 
has held hospital appointments throughout his practice, and has been 
a member of the faculty of the Post-Graduate Medical School and 
Hospital since 1902, for the past sixteen years undertaking the pro- 
fessorial responsibilities of the chair of Orthopedic Surgery. For 
many years he was on the surgical staff of the New York Hospital for 
the Ruptured and Crippled, and has been Consulting Orthopedic Sur- 
geon to the New York State Epileptic or Craig Colony, acting in same 
capacity to the Morningside Hospital, Montclair, New Jersey, and the 
Southampton (New York) Fresh Air Home. His main hospital ap- 
pointment at present is that of Orthopedic Surgeon at the New York 
Post-Graduate Hospital. 
His deep study and wide practice of orthopedic surgery has found 
expression in the writing of a considerable number of papers on the 
subject, most of which have found place in the pages of leading med- 
ical journals. Among the writings of which Dr. Taylor is the author 
are: "Location, Age, and Sex in Pott's Diseases of the Spine," 1881; 
"Primary Crural Asymmetry," 1884; "A Case of Zoster Following 
Traumatism," 1884; "Hygiene of Reflex Action," 1888; "The Paral- 
ysis of Pott's Disease and Its Behaviour Under Protective Treat- 
ment," 1886; "The Cure of Pott's Disease with Recession of the De- 
formity," 1887; "Description of Improved Spinal Apparatus," 1887, 
and republished in Transactions of the American Orthopedic Associa- 
tion in 1888; "A New Method of Overcoming Adduction at the Hip- BIOGRAPHICAL 
451 
joint," 1887; "The Mechanical Treatment of Senile Coxitis," 1888; 
and republished in Transactions of the American Orthopedic Asso- 
ciation of that year; ' ' The Prevention and Treatment of Crural Ad- 
duction," 1889; "Principles and Methods of Examination in Ortho- 
pedic Practice," 1889; "The Therapeutic Value of Systematic Pas- 
sive Respiratory Movements, ' ' 1889; ' ' The Treatment of Pes Equino- 
Varus by Continuous Leverage," 1889, and republished in the Med- 
ical Record of March, 1890; "The Rational Treatment of Hip-joint 
Disease," 1889, and again in the Times and Register, April, 1890; 
"A Ready Method for Counter-Extension at the Knee," published 
twice in 1890; "The Treatment of Lateral Curvature of the Spine," 
1890; "Adjusted Locomotion in the Recovering Stage of Hip-joint 
Disease," 1891; "Two Cases of a Peculiar Type of Primary Crural 
Asymmetry," published twice in 1891; "The Value of Mechanical 
Treatment in Old and Neglected Cases of Pott's Disease," 1891; "The 
Treatment of Club-foot by Continuous Leverage," twice in 1892; "Os- 
teitis Deformans (Paget) With Report of Two Cases," 1892, and re- 
published in 1893; ' ' American Childhood from a Medical Stand- 
point, ' ' 1892; ' ' Remarks on the Management of Suppuration, Com- 
plicating Tuberculosis Disease of the Bones and Joints," 1893; "Re- 
port on Orthopedic Surgery," published in four numbers of New York 
Medical Journal, 1893-4; "Improved Apparatus for Pott's Disease of 
the Spine," 1893; "Improved Long Traction Hip-splint, and Proper 
Method of Applying Adhesive Plaster," 1893; "Mechanical Treat- 
ment of Osteitis of the Knee," twice in 1893; "A Physiological Effect 
of Cave Visiting," 1893; "Infantile Scorbutus, and Its Relation to 
Orthopedic Practice," published twice in 1894; "Infantile Scorbu- 
tus," 1894; "Congenital Luxation of the Knee," 1895; "The Man- 
agement of Infantile Cerebral Palsies," 1896; "Exercise as a Rem- 
edy," 1896; "Ingrown Toe-nail, Mechanically Treated," published in 
two journals in 1896; "Infantile Athletic," 1897; "Congenital Ab- 
sence of the Radius," 1897; "The Practical Status of Practical Ortho- 
pedics," 1897; "Laxity of the Ligaments with Congenital Hip Luxa- 
tion," 1897, and again in 1898; "Exercise," "Gavage," and "Mas- 
sage," sections of the work "Practical Therapeutics," published by 
D. Appleton & Company, in 1896; "Physical Training in the Public 
Schools," 1897; "Growth of Spondylitics, " twice in 1898; "A Bi- 
valve Plaster Joint for Pott's Disease," published twice in 1898; "Ex- 
ercise and Vigor," 1898; "Enlargement of the Tibial Tubercles, Two 
Cases," 1899; eleven short papers on pediatrics, August 15, 1899 to 
March 1, 1900; "The Work of Charles Fayette Taylor, M.D., in the 
Field of Therapeutic Exercises," which was published in the Ameri- 
can Physical Education Review, Vol. 4, No. 3, 1899; "Retardation of 
the Growth, as a Cause of Shortening after Coxitis," 1900, and again 
in 1901; "The Effect of Osteitis of the Knee on the Growth of the 
Limb," 1901, and republished in 1902; "Memoir of J. Henry Fruit- 
night, M.D.," 1901; "Deformities of the Chest," "Reference Hand- 
book of the Medical Sciences," published by W. Wood & Co., 1901; 
"Diseases and Affections of the Patella," in same work; "Chronic 452 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Joint Disease in Children," 1902; "The Surgery of Ricketts, 1902; 
"Final Results After the Mechanical Treatment of Pott's Disease," 
1902 and 1903; "The Lorenz Method," 1903; "Orthopedic Surgery 
for Practitioners," a voluminous work, published in 1909. 
Dr. Taylor has been president of the Northwestern Medical and Sur- 
gical Society; vice-president and president of the American Ortho- 
pedic Association, and chairman of the orthopedic section of the New 
York Academy of Medicine. He is a fellow of the American College 
of Surgeons, and holds active membership in the following organiza- 
tions: The Medical Society of the State of New York; the New York 
County Medical Association; the American Medical Association; the 
American Academy of Medicine; the American Association for the 
Advancement of Science; the American Association for the Advance- 
ment of Physical Education; the Physical Education Society of New 
York. He also belongs to the Alumni Society of Roosevelt Hospital, 
New York, the Berzelius Society at Yale, the Yale Club, the National 
Arts and Good Government clubs, and the Independent Club. 
Dr. Taylor was married, December 30, 1890, to Daisy Louise Brodt, 
of Geneseo, New York. 
XVILLIAM GILMAN THOMPSON, Ph.B., M.D., Professor of 
' ' Medicine in New York medical colleges for many years, noted 
writer on medical subjects, and prominent in the affairs of many med- 
ical organizations, was born on Christmas Day of 1856, in New York 
City, to Joseph Parrish and Elizabeth (Gilman) Thompson. 
The Rev. Joseph Parrish Thompson, father of Dr. Wm. Gilman 
Thompson, was for more than a generation active in New York, hav- 
ing been for twenty-six years pastor of the Broadway Tabernacle. 
He was an ardent anti-slavery advocate, was one of the founders of 
the New Englander and of the Independent, and was a strong writer, 
author of many well-received books. The genealogy of Dr. Thompson 
also connects him with many families, the earlier generations of which 
were prominent in the colonial affairs of the New England States, and 
on both paternal and maternal sides Dr. Thompson has ancestors who 
participated, as officers, in the War of the Rebellion. 
Dr. Thompson gained his early education mainly under private 
tuition, ultimately proceeding to the Hopkins Grammar School of 
New Haven, Connecticut, from which he graduated in due course. 
Then for a year he studied at the Polytechnic School at Carlsruhe, 
Germany, after which he entered the Sheffield Scientific School of 
Yale University, graduating therefrom in 1877 with the degree of 
Bachelor of Philosophy. He then matriculated at the College of Phy- 
sicians and Surgeons of New York, now the Medical Department of 
Columbia University, and entered earnestly into the study of medi- 
cine, but the death of his father occurring in Europe soon afterwards 
caused him to temporarily cease his studies and proceed to Europe, 
where he spent another year, during which however he applied him- 
self mainly to medical studies, taking post-graduate courses in the 
medical departments of King's College, London, and the University BIOGRAPHICAL 
453 
of Berlin. On returning to this country, he resumed his studies at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, and in 1881 gradu- 
ated, gaining his medical degree. For some years thereafter he passed 
his time mainly in research work and further study of medicine, for 
which he found ample scope in his connection, as interne during 1881- 
1882 with the resident staff of the New York Hospital, and with the 
dispensary of Roosevelt Hospital. His knowledge of medicine was 
emphasized by two successes which came to him in 1885, when the 
authorities of the College of Physicians and Surgeons awarded him 
the Joseph Mather Smith prize for an essay on "Structure of the 
Heart Valves," and also the Harsen prize for an essay on "Photog- 
raphy of the Living Heart in Motion." He secured appointment to 
the staff of Bloomingdale Asylum, as attending physician, and to the 
staff of the New York Cancer Hospital, as assistant visiting physician, 
and in 1887 was appointed visiting physician to the New York Hos- 
pital, holding this connection therewith until 1895. He also held 
a like connection with the Presbyterian Hospital, and in 1895 became 
visiting physician to the Bellevue Hospital, being still such. Dr. 
Thompson also at present is consulting physician to the Women's 
Hospital in the State of New York. 
Dr. Thompson has been a member of the practicing medical frater- 
nity of New York City since 1882, but has given considerable time 
during the last thirty years to professorial duties and to literary work. 
In 1884-1885 he was quiz master in the College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons, and from 1887 until 1899 was a member of the medical faculty 
of New York University, since which year he has been of the faculty 
of Cornell University Medical College. At the New York University 
Medical College in 1887, Dr. Thompson became Professor of Physiol- 
ogy, which chair he occupied until 1896, in that year assuming the 
professorship of the classes of materia medica, therapeutics, and clin- 
ical medicine in the same college. In 1898, when the University Med- 
ical College was amalgamated with the Bellevue Medical College, Dr. 
Thompson became Professor of the Practice of Medicine in the com- 
bined school. Shortly afterwards, however, he resigned his connection 
with New York University, so that he might accept the chair of med- 
icine at the newly-established Medical College of Cornell University. 
As such Dr. Thompson has since been identified with Cornell Uni- 
versity. He also during the years 1887-1894 was Professor of Physi- 
ology at the Woman's Medical College of New York City. 
By his literary efforts, Dr. Thompson has given to medical science 
many important works. From his earliest years of medical practice 
he has been a steady writer on subjects of his research and practice 
and his name has been frequently appended, as author, to articles pub- 
lished in periodical medical literature of the country. Dr. Thomp- 
son is the author of many large works, including the following vol- 
umes: "Training Schools for Nurses," published in 1883 by G. P. 
Putnam's Sons; "Practical Dietetics," published in 1896 by D. Ap- 
pleton & Company, which work had to be reprinted in 1902 and twice 
subsequently; and "Practical Medicine," published by Lea Brothers, 454 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Philadelphia, in 1900, second edition 1902. He wrote many articles 
for "Wood's Reference Handbook of the Medical Sciences,'' and for 
the "American Text-book of the Theory and Practice of Medicine by 
American Teachers," published in 1893 by W. B. Saunders, of Phil- 
adelphia. He was co-editor with the late Dr. A. L. Loomis of a work 
comprising four volumes issued in 1897 by Lea Brothers of Phila- 
delphia, entitled "The Loomis-Thompson American System of Prac- 
tical Medicine." 
Dr. Thompson has taken an active part in the proceedings of many 
of the leading medical organizations of the country, by some of which 
associations he has been honored by election to executive office. Dr. 
Thompson is one of the trustees of the New York Academy of Medi- 
cine; has been president of the New York Medical and Surgical So- 
ciety; and holds membership in the following: the American Medical 
Association, the Medical Society of the State of New York; the Asso- 
ciation of American Physicians; the New York Practitioners' Society; 
the American Physiological Society; the New York Clinical Society; 
the New York County Medical Society; the American Association for 
the Advancement of Science; the New York Academy of Sciences; 
and the alumni societies of Bellevue, Presbyterian, and the New York 
hospitals. He belongs to the Century Association and the University 
Club, is a director of the New York Botanical Garden, and is affili- 
ated with the Delta Psi fraternity. 
The marriage of Dr. Thompson occurred in 1887, to Harriet How- 
ard, daughter of the late Professor John Norton Pomeroy, a noted 
writer on law, at San Rafael, California. 
BERTRAM HOWARD WATERS, M.A., Princeton University, 
M.D., College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York (Colum- 
bia University), lecturer, writer, authority on treatment of tubercular 
diseases, chief of division of communicable diseases and director of 
clinics for tuberculosis, of the Department of Health for the boroughs 
of Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Bronx, New York, and in successful 
medical practice in the city of New York since 1896, was born at Pitts- 
burgh, Pennsylvania, September 4, 1867, the son of William Web- 
ster, and Elizabeth Loring (Critchlow) Waters. 
After suitable primary education, Bertram H. Waters entered Se- 
wickley Academy, Sewickley, Pennsylvania, from which institution 
he graduated to Princeton University, at which he matriculated in 
1886, and, following the arts course, graduated in 1889, with the 
degree of Bachelor of Arts. Subsequently he became a biological fel- 
low of Princeton, and in 1890 went to New York City, there becoming 
a student of medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of 
New York, Columbia University. In 1893 he gained his medical de- 
gree, and in the same year qualified for the Master of Arts degree of 
Princeton, which distinction was duly conferred upon him. 
Having become a doctor of medicine, Dr. Waters sought further 
practical insight to the science by undergoing an interneship in a 
city hospital. He consequently attached himself to the resident med- BIOGRAPHICAL 
455 
ical staff of the Presbyterian Hospital, New York City, in 1893, re- 
maining therein in that capacity until 1895, and from August to Oc- 
tober of 1895 gained further experience as house physician of the 
Sloane Maternity Hospital, New York City. Following a special line 
of research, Dr. Waters took a post-graduate course in European 
medical centres, from December, 1895, until June, 1896, when he re- 
turned to New York City and there opened office for general practice, 
but still pursuing special study. He did much clinical work at the 
Vanderbilt Clinic and the Presbyterian Hospital Clinic during the 
period 1896-1901, in which year he was appointed bacteriologist to the 
Department of Health of the City of New York. Since that year, Dr. 
Waters has been retained in important professional staff appoint- 
ments by the city administration, in 1906 being advanced under the 
department to the position of assistant chief of the Division of Com- 
municable Diseases and chief of clinics, and also director of clinics for 
tuberculosis of the Department of Health for the boroughs of Man- 
hattan, Brooklyn, and Bronx, in which capacities he is still of the City 
Administration. 
Dr. Waters has also acted as lecturer under the' State Department 
of Health, and is the author of many papers on the subjects of which 
he is recognized authority. The following are among the medical or- 
ganizations to which Dr. Waters is affiliated in membership: The 
American Medical Association; the National Association for the Study 
and Prevention of Tuberculosis; the Medical Society of the State of 
New York; the County Medical Society; the Harvey Society, for the 
diffusion of knowledge of medical sciences; and the alumni society 
of Presbyterian Hospital. Dr. Waters is also on the visiting staff of 
physicians of Riverside Hospital, New York City. He is a member 
of the Princeton Club of New York. 
On September 4, 1906, Dr. Waters was married, at St. Ignatius's 
Church, New York City, to Jessica Howard Buck, daughter of the 
late Jerome and Kate (McGrath) Buck. 
THEODORE GAILLARD THOMAS, M.D.-Dr. Theodore Gail- 
1 lard Thomas was born on Edisto Island, near Charleston, South 
Carolina, November 21, 1831, and died at Thomasville, Georgia, Feb- 
ruary 28, 1903. His father, Edward Thomas, a widely known clergy- 
man, was the author of ' ' Thomas ' Sermons, ' ' as they were popularly 
known throughout the south. The founder of the family in America 
was the Rev. Samuel Thomas, sent over from England in 1701 to 
establish branches of his denomination in the New World. As a con- 
servative, he was known through life as of tory proclivities, and in 
every regard as a consistent Episcopalian. On the maternal side the 
lineage is traced to Theodore Gaillard, a French Huguenot who came 
to South Carolina upon the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, and 
left an impress upon the community in which he passed the remnant 
of his days. 
Amid surroundings thus beneficently complex, in which the aesthetic 
was a feature and application to study a duty, this son of buoyant 456 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
temperament soon became an enthusiast with not much of the grace 
of moderation. He was noted, too, for his earnestness and fervor of 
research. Helpful and inspiring to others, with spirits almost jocund, 
he was delightfully companionable. Against him there never was a 
charge of half-heartedness or insincerity. Of these traits it may be 
said that there was not at all a mellowing, must less a sombre tint. 
Always approachable and affable, without the suspicion of diplomacy, 
he was continually winning new friends, some grateful, but all ad- 
mirers. 
His course completed in 1852, as a first honor man in the Charles- 
ton Medical College, Dr. Thomas became an interne of Bellevue Hos- 
pital, New York City, then of the Obstetrical Hospital, Dublin, and 
afterward a Paris student. Equipped with these more ordinary ad- 
vantages, he finally settled in New York, fortified against public 
losses, for as he himself intimated on the recent occasion of the sev- 
entieth anniversary of his birth, he had not much more in his keeping 
than usually falls to "the lot of the clergyman's son." Optimistic, 
and working for work's sake along with Dr. William R. Donaghe 
as an associate, with almost instant success, he became a lecturer 
in the New York University Medical College. His direct statements 
and apt illustrations were captivating, and his deductions final. He 
was a master of cadenced sentences, somewhat of a colorist whose 
"art was to conceal art," and yet honest withal, and always con- 
verging to a focus. There were full benches and eager listeners. The 
hour seemed short, but the topics suggested by the blackboard anal- 
yses and the weird wonder of nature's mechanics abided long with the 
dissolving crowd. That the speaker was classical in his method was 
the faintest of the eulogies that echoed around. Thus his sincerity 
and loyalty to the essentials of his subject made his old pupils claim 
him as of the peerless who taught the ways of living worthy of the 
opportunity. He came to teach, he said, and must fulfill his mission. 
There were melodies but no jargon-words meant what they implied 
and fell into an easy symmetry, all in a crystal-Saxon, which recalled 
the cooling draughts at a wayside spring. He could speak diagrams 
as deftly as Dalton could draw. Besides, as a diagnostician he was 
most logical, and an eliminator of fallacies. He trimmed well, and 
the tree could not fail of bearing fruit. 
As a student of the economies of time Dr. Thomas complained only 
of doubts regarding the most profiting uses. But these self-accusa- 
tions had no weight with others; the fact remained that with him 
indolence was impossible. All of the pupils belonging to this well 
known "quiz" of Thomas and Donaghe still working in medicine, 
bear most cheerful testimony that both appreciated their responsi- 
bilities. 
Beginning as a lecturer on general medicine, which he supple- 
mented with clinical work in the DeMilt Dispensary, notably in the 
dermatological class on alternate days, Dr. Thomas soon became a 
summer lecturer in the New York University, and from 1855 to 1860 
the lecturer on obstetrics in the same institution. In 1863 he was BIOGRAPHICAL 
457 
appointed Adjunct Professor of Obstetrics and the Diseases of Women 
and Children in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, 
and in 1865 became full professor. This position he held till 1879, 
when he resigned; he was succeeded by Dr. J. W. McLane. He took 
the chair of Professor of Gynecology; this he held until 1881, when 
he gave up the didactic part of the chair and became Professor of 
Clinical Gynecology, which he retained until 1890; he then resigned 
and became Emeritus Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Dr. 
Thomas devoted himself to gynaecology, and improved its instruments 
and in many instances its technique. During this epoch of his career, 
he also published a treatise on the diseases of women, which as a 
standard attained the honor of a translation into French, German, 
Italian, Spanish and Chinese. 
Dr. Thomas demonstrated his professional ability in many ways as 
both hospital physician and surgeon in the Woman's, Bellevue, St. 
Luke's, and Roosevelt hospitals, besides having held the position of 
consulting surgeon to the Women's, French, Presbyterian, Cancer, 
Long Island, and other hospitals. He also founded a private sanitar- 
ium, equipped with every device for those needing the constant 
attention of faithful attendants. 
Besides a membership in many medical societies in this country, 
Dr. Thomas received honorary distinctions from London, Edinburg, 
Berlin and not a few other European cities. As an operator of rare 
judgment his skill could not be gainsaid, nor his prognosis derided, 
for he was never without a reason for his faith. He was frequently 
heard upon the platform on anniversary occasions, when his subject 
matter became an interesting historical feature, throwing side-lights 
upon the methods of the immediate past. As a phenomenal worker 
with almost unfailing resource, he had an unchallenged reputation 
among his colleagues, but above all he was proud of what he defined 
as undeserved attachment. 
The evening of November 21, 1901, was memorable for its goodly 
company at Sherry's, where out of the three hundred present many 
were jealous to honor Dr. Thomas with just a brief tribute, for time 
could not afford precedence to any. Dr. James Woods McLane, who 
presided as the most graceful of toastmasters, was witty and genial. 
Rev. Dr. David H. Greer and Rev. Dr. George R. Van De Water 
representing the clergy, Judge Henry Howland the law, Dr. S. Weir 
Mitchell of Philadelphia, now a stroller in the paths of literature, 
Dr. William H. Welch, once of New York, but later of Johns Hop- 
kins University, Baltimore, and Dr. George B. Shattuck of Boston, 
were the speakers of the occasion and well honored the same. An in- 
teresting incident besides the verdict that Dr. Thomas was an orator 
and could ride a horse well, was a congratulation from Dr. John T. 
Metcalfe, since deceased, once the sponsor of the chief guest and 
always his cherished confidant. The message from a winter home in 
Georgia was to the effect that Dr. Thomas was "zealous as an asso- 
ciate, faithful as a friend * * * and had unfailingly sought to repay 
a debt that was never due, by the devoted affection of a son." 458 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Dr. Thomas, a lover of nature in all its moods, some thirty-nine 
years ago, while on a wagon journey through Long Island in company 
with his wife, became especially pleased with the Southampton region, 
with its crisp, bracing air, its sand-hills and its dales. As an artist 
lost in a picture, he admired the long wide roads, the quaint old 
farmhouses, moss-covered and redolent with tradition of the past. 
He was captivated by the bronzed, white-haired "captains" of the 
sleepy hamlet, whose jargon was all of the sea and recalled the 
beaches of his native islet further south, where were also rollickers 
in the surf. All this the visitor thought, but without confession. As 
never before he saw the fleecy clouds shaping as shepherds leading 
their flocks, the hosts crossing the Red Sea, with wrecked chariots in 
their rear, and Moses in a golden sunset on Sinai's top, all this dis- 
solving into a misty and awesome horizon. These marine charms over- 
came him and tempted him to a future possession with the most sin- 
cere of vows. Then some twenty-five years ago he felt equal to the 
realization of his hopes, and bought land, upon which, as an outsider, 
he built the first summer residence during the past half century. 
Here Dr. Thomas was wont to spend his summer with the added honor 
of the founder of a realm in Arcadia, where millions were invested in 
over two hundred cottages, all in a place where head money was 
wont to be paid for roaming wolves, and where all the young men 
earned their livelihood by whaling, taking their ships from Sag Har- 
bor ten miles distant. 
In 1862 Dr. Thomas married Mary Theodosia Willard of Troy, New 
York, the grand-daughter of Mrs. Emma Willard, the founder of the 
Female Seminary of that city, and the author of a "History of the 
United States. " Mrs. Thomas is a direct descendant of Thomas Hooker, 
author of the constitution of Connecticut, which Thomas Jefferson fol- 
lowed in the preparation of the constitution of the United States. 
JEORGE ABSOLOM PETERS, M.D.-George Absolom Peters 
was the son of the Rev. Dr. Absolom Peters, a graduate of Dart- 
mouth College and of Princeton Seminary, and who brought his fam- 
ily to this city when Dr. Peters was only four years old. The father 
died here May 18, 1869, at the age of seventy-six years. In 1838 Dr. 
Peters was admitted with one hundred and seven others to the fresh- 
man class of Yale College, but the condition of his father's affairs 
prevented his completion of the course. Then he spent a year with 
a mercantile house in Keeseville, New York, and another year in this 
city, assisting his father in the publication the latter was then edit- 
ing, including the Biblical Repository and a religious magazine. He 
took a business situation in Liverpool, England, for another year, 
but mercantile life was distasteful to him, and he returned to New 
York. Here he took up the study of medicine and surgery under the 
supervision of Dr. Alfred C. Post, and in 1846 was graduated, not 
without distinction, from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
New York. He then served the prescribed period on the house staff 
of the New York Hospital, and in March, 1859, was complimented BIOGRAPHICAL 
459 
with the appointment of attending surgeon. He retired from active 
service in December, 1863, but was consulting surgeon until Janu- 
ary, 1872, when he was reappointed on the attending staff, and again 
retired from it in December, 1887. From then until his death he 
was consulting surgeon and president of the board. 
He began the practice of medicine here more than forty-five years 
ago, at 12 West Twenty-ninth Street, where he lived until four years 
ago, when he retired to a country house at Pelham, with his daughter, 
her husband and their two sons. A year and a half ago they returned 
to the city and made their home at the Buckingham Hotel. As a prac- 
titioner, with his alert intelligence and quaint humor, united with 
a repugnance for showy methods, he became known as a skillful, 
painstaking operator and a critical investigator, whose refined, gentle 
manners won many enduring friends. Never intrusive or aggressive, 
he preferred discussing with the house staffs of the New York, St. 
Luke's, St. Mary's, and the Women's hospitals, to directing clinics 
for medical students. 
Dr. Peters had as partners at different times Drs. George G. Wheel- 
ock, William Jones, Charles McBurney and William A. Valentine. 
Even during the busiest part of his life he found time to perform 
much unremunerated surgery, and frequently became the advisor 
of his professional brethren when ill. He was a member of the County 
Medical Society and of the Academy of Medicine, of the Pathological 
Society, of the Physicians' Mutual Aid Association, of the Medical 
and Surgical Society and of the Surgical Society. He was one of 
the original members of the board of surgeons of St. Luke's Hospital, 
when it was established in 1856, and of the New York Hospital, to 
both of which he remained consulting surgeon until he died. To quote 
from the condolatory minute of the New York Orthopedic Dispen- 
sary and Hospital, "In a critical period in the history of the hospital 
he made the path clear for the establishment of the methods of the 
Orthopedic Hospital in St. Luke's." He was also consulting sur- 
geon of the Woman's Hospital for the State of New York, to the Or- 
thopedic Hospital, to the Presbyterian Hospital and to St. Mary's 
Hospital. He was a member of the Union League and Century clubs, 
a trustee of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, also by virtue of 
his honorary degree of A.M., conferred by Williams College in 1851 
and by Yale College thirty years afterwards, a member of the Yale 
Alumni Association, and a member of the University Club from the 
date of its reorganization in 1879, and its president for several years. 
On April 10, 1849, Dr. Peters married Miss Julia, daughter of 
George Coggill, a prominent importer of New York City, who died in 
1873. They had two children; a son, who died at the age of six 
years, and a daughter, who was married in 1878 to Horace H. Chit- 
tenden, a son of L. E. Chittenden, registrar of the treasury under 
President Lincoln. 
Dr. Peters was taken dangerously ill at about noon of December 6, 
1894, grew rapidly worse until three o'clock, when he passed away. 
He had been previously indisposed for many months with renal 460 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
disease, and once while in Manchester, Vermont, his life was almost 
despaired of during the summer preceding his death. He rallied, 
however, and returned to his apartments in the Buckingham. His 
daughter and Dr. Frank H. Markoe were present during his last 
moments. His funeral was from the Protestant Episcopal Church 
of the Incarnation. 
VyiLLIAM HENRY TOBEY REYNOLDS, M.D.-William Henry 
' ' Tobey Reynolds, son of the late John H. and Margaret A. Rey- 
nolds, an alumnus of Union College, 1866, and of the College of Phy- 
sicians and Surgeons, New York, 1870, died in Albany, New York, 
December 9, 1894, from a fracture of the skull, the result of a fall 
from a belt-line motor ear. The circumstances of the catastrophe 
seem to have been as follows: Having left his office, 66 South Hawk 
street, at about eleven o'clock, December 5th, he boarded a west- 
bound Hamilton street car. After a professional visit on Madison 
Avenue he took an east-bound belt-line car, with the intent of alight- 
ing at Dove Street for a call on another patient. He stood on the 
rear platform of the car, and as it passed from a single to a double 
track, the while taking the switch, the jar of the car caused him to 
fall backward over the usual guard and strike his head. 
He was born April 26, 1846, his father being a prominent lawyer 
and afterward a judge of the commission of appeals. Having re- 
ceived his early education mainly at the Boys' Academy in Albany, 
he entered Union College in his sixteenth year, and in the autumn 
of his graduation (1866) began his medical studies in the College 
of Physicians and Surgeons, New York. On his return to Albany 
he pursued his course under the direction of Dr. Thomas Hun, and in 
1871 was appointed assistant to Dr. M. Stinson, then acting health 
officer, and for nearly two years was resident surgeon at the almshouse 
there. 
Though in the enjoyment of a lucrative practice among the wealthy, 
his advice and purse were at the command of the needy. Literary in 
his tastes and studious in his habits, he remained a bachelor, but with 
domestic tastes. He is survived by John H. and James A., brothers, 
and Mrs. Dr. Franklin Townsend, sister. He was buried in Kinder- 
hook, New York, the place of his birth. 
HENRY BERTON SANDS, deceased, was one of the most dis- 
tinguished surgeons of his day, an incomparable instructor in 
his department of his profession, a dexterous operator and most 
judicious prognostician. 
He was a native of New York City, born September 27, 1830. He 
was educated in the public schools, but his attendance throughout a 
very excellent high school course was indeed equivalent to a liberal 
academical curriculum. He studied for his profession in the College 
of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, and in 1854 was gradu- 
ated. He at once entered upon a general practice, specializing sur- 
gery, and immediately made a beginning with the institutions to BIOGRAPHICAL 
461 
which he devoted so much of his attention during many years. In 
1854-55 he was, in turn, House Physician and House Surgeon to 
Bellevue Hospital. He then visited Europe, in order to observe hos- 
pital work there, and witnessed operations by some of the most ac- 
complished specialists of the times. From 1860 to 1870 he practised 
in association with Dr. Willard Parker, between whom and himself 
existed a warm personal friendship, as well as professional interests 
and tastes. In 1856 Dr. Sands became Demonstrator of Anatomy in 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and served as such until his 
appointment as Professor of Anatomy, in which chair he sat from 
1867 to 1879. In the latter year he was made Professor of the 
Practice of Surgery, and his occupancy of the place was only termi- 
nated by his death. From 1862 to 1877 he was Visiting Surgeon to 
Bellevue Hospital, and he served in the same capacity to Charity Hos- 
pital from 1865 to 1866, and later to Mt. Sinai Hospital. He was 
also Visiting Surgeon to St. Luke's Hospital from 1862 to 1870, and 
Consulting Surgeon from 1870 to 1884; Visiting Surgeon to the New 
York Hospital from 1864 to 1881, and Consulting Surgeon from 1881 
to 1884; Visiting Surgeon to the Strangers' Hospital from 1871 to 
1872, and similarly to the Roosevelt Hospital from 1872 to 1888. 
Many of the original papers given by Dr. Sands to the professional 
press, or which appeared in the printed proceedings of medical asso- 
ciations, were in the form of reports upon operations performed by 
himself. Among his contributions were the following: "Case of Can- 
cer of the Larynx Successfully Treated by Laryngotomy, " in New 
York Medical Journal, May, 1861; "Aneurism of the Sub-Clavian, 
Treated by Galvano-Puncture, " "Notes on Perityphlitis," in Annals 
of Anatomical and Surgical Society of Brooklyn, 1880; "The Ques- 
tion of Trephining in Injuries of the Head," in Medical News of 
Philadelphia, April 28, 1883; "On the Use and Abuse of Passive 
Motion," in New York Medical Journal, January, 1887. Dr. Sands 
was a member of the leading local, state and national professional 
bodies. In 1883 Yale College conferred upon him the degree of Mas- 
ter of Arts, causa honoris. 
TAR. WILLIAM HENRY DRAPER was born in Brattleboro, Ver- 
mont, October 14, 1830; was graduated from Columbia College 
in 1851, and pursued his studies in the College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons, from which he was graduated four years later with the accom- 
panying degree of A. M. from his alma mater. After taking advanced 
medical courses in London and Paris, he returned to New York City 
and engaged in family practice without any leanings to a specialty, 
so far as claimed by himself. In 1867 he was appointed Lecturer on 
Diseases of the Kidneys in the College of Physicians nd Surgeons, and 
he was subsequently appointed Professor of Diseases of the Skin, 
which position he held until 1879. In the following year he was 
appointed to the chair of Clinical Medicine. In 1889 he was chosen 
a member of the Board of Trustees, and that position he occupied 
during the remainder of his life. From 1859 to 1868 he was visiting 462 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
physician to St. Luke's Hospital, and its consulting physician until 
his death. In 1862 he became Visiting Physician to the New York 
Hospital, and in 1889 he was made Consulting Physician, and was 
also for several years Consulting Physician to the Presbyterian Hos- 
pital. He was Attending Physician to Roosevelt Hospital from its 
foundation until shortly before his death, and he was similarly con- 
nected with Trinity Infirmary, the Northwestern Dispensary and the 
House of Mercy. He was for several years President of the Alumni 
Association of the College of Physicians and Surgeons. He was a 
member of various professional societies, and was the author of 
numerous papers upon professional topics which were published in the 
leading medical journals. His death occurred on April 26, 1901. As an 
instructor no person could well have been more accurate or scholarly. 
TA R. FESSENDEN NOTT OTIS was a native of the State of New 
York, born in Ballston, May 6, 1825. The family from which he 
descended, settled in New York State prior to the American Revolu- 
tion, and is a branch of the Otis family which came from England to- 
wards the close of the seventeenth century and settled at Hingham, 
Massachusetts. Oran Gray Otis, Esq., the father of Dr. Otis, was 
one of the early graduates of Union College, Schenectady, New York. 
He became prominent as a lawyer, advocate and legislator, although 
dying at the age of forty-one years. He was selected to deliver the 
oration on the one hundredth anniversary of the birthday of Wash- 
ington, before the joint legislative bodies of the State of New York, at 
Albany, in 1836. On the maternal side Dr. Otis is descended from an- 
other well known New England family of English origin, his father 
having married Lucy, daughter of David Kingman, a leading citi- 
zen and shipping merchant of Bridgewater, Massachusetts. 
The early education of Dr. Otis was begun in the school of Rev. Dr. 
Babcock, of Ballston Springs, New York, and carried on in the acad- 
emies of Canandaigua and Fairfield, New York, and others, up to 
1843, when he met with a severe accident which prevented the con- 
tinuance of his systematic study for several years. He, however, as 
he was able, devoted himself to the study of landscape drawing and 
perspective, with such success as to result in the subsequent publica- 
tion, through the house of D. Appleton & Company, New York, of 
several books on these subjects. Their excellence and his reputation 
as a lecturer and teacher were recognized by the Faculty of Union 
College in the presentation to him of the honorary degree of Master 
of Arts in 1849. He was also elected a member of the Phi Beta Kappa 
society of Union College during the same year. 
Dr. Otis began the study of medicine in 1848, and came to New 
York City, matriculating in the medical department of the New York 
University; also entering the office of Dr. John Whittaker, demon- 
strator of anatomy, as a private student. Subsequently he left the- 
University with Dr. Whittaker, who had received an appointment 
to the chair of anatomy in the New York Medical College, just then 
organized. In 1852 Dr. Otis was graduated in medicine from that BIOGRAPHICAL 
463 
college, receiving the competitive gold medal for his graduating thesis, 
as well as prizes in the departments of physiology and practice. 
Immediately after his graduation Dr. Otis was appointed one of 
the resident assistant physicians of Charity Hospital, New York, on 
Blackwell's Island, then in charge of William Kelly, M.D., as sur- 
geon in chief. At the close of this service (1853) he received an ap- 
pointment as surgeon in the United States Mail Steamship Company, 
the service of which covered that portion of the route between New 
York and the Isthmus of Panama. Subsequently he continued in this 
and in the Pacific Mail service up to 1859, when he left the ocean, and 
settled in the practice of his profession in New York City in 1860. 
In 1861 he was appointed a police surgeon in New York City, in which 
capacity he served upwards of ten years, and occupied the position 
of President of the Medical Board of the Police Department during 
the last two years. 
In January, 1862, Dr. Otis was appointed to a lectureship in the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, which he continued to 
fill until 1871, when he succeeded to the clinical professorship of the 
department of Genito-Urinary and Venereal Diseases. This chair he 
occupied until his resignation, on account of failing health, in 1890, 
when he received the degree of Professor Emeritus. In 1861 he was 
elected a fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine, and subse- 
quently was made a member of the New York County Medical Society, 
and also of the New York State Medical Society, the British Medical 
Association and the Society of American Genito-Urinary Surgeons. 
He had also become a member of the medical board of Charity Hos- 
pital, and was attending surgeon at Blackwell's Island Hospital for 
over ten years, when he resigned, and was appointed to the consulting 
staff. He was also on the consulting board of the Manhattan Eye and 
Ear Hospital, New York, and of the New York Skin and Cancer Hos- 
pital. In 1892 the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred 
upon Dr. Otis by Columbia College. 
In some of the views advanced by Dr. Otis in his public teachings 
he was opposed by leading authorities at home and abroad. This 
resulted in much spirited discussion in the various medical societies 
and journals, and also in the publication by G. P. Putnam's Sons, 
New York, in 1878, of a volume of about three hundred pages, "Otis 
on the Radical Cure of Urethral Stricture, ' ' in which some of the dis- 
cussions were reproduced; this was soon after republished in Lon- 
don. Previous to this publication, Dr. Otis, by invitation of Pro- 
fessor Berkeley Hill, had addressed the profession from Professor 
Hill's chair in the University Medical College of London, and in 1875 
had also presented his advanced views at the meeting of the British 
Medical Association at Edinburgh, Scotland. 
In the course of his practice (and in order to carry out his special 
procedure most completely) Dr. Otis invented various instruments 
of precision which came into very general use. A case containing 
them was ordered in 1889, by the surgeon general, United States 
Army, to each post of the United States Army. In 1883 "Practical 464 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Lessons on Syphilis and the Genito-Urinary Diseases," by F. N. Otis, 
M.D., pp. 600, was published by Bermingham & Company, New York, 
and reprinted in 1886 by G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York. In 1880 
a series of lectures "On the Physiological Pathology of Syphilis" was 
published in the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, and reprinted 
in book form by G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York, 1881. Subsequently 
the following brochures were published: (1) "On the Limitations of 
the Contagious Stage of Syphilis, Especially in Its Relations to Mar- 
riage," read before the Medical Society of the State of New York, 
February 3, 1886, and reprinted from the transactions of that year; 
(2) "On Some Important Points in the Treatment of Deep Urethral 
Stricture," read before the New York State Medical Society, and re- 
printed from the New York Medical Journal of February 19, 1887; 
(3) "On Temporary Overstrain of the Bladder, Producing Localized 
Atony and Chronic Retention of Urine," read before the Society of 
Genito-Urinary Surgeons of America, and reprinted from the New 
York Medical Record of May 28, 1887; (4) "Resume of the Experi- 
ence of Seventeen Years in the Operation of Dilating Urethrotomy," 
read before the American Society of Genito-Urinary Surgeons at the 
Triennial Meeting, Washington, 1888, and reprinted from the New 
York Medical Record, July 20, 1889; (5) "On the Perfected Evacua- 
tor, for Removal of Debris in the Operation of Lithotrity, " read 
before the New York Academy of Medicine, and reprinted from the 
New York Medical Journal of August 24, 1889; (6) "On Reflex Irri- 
tations and Neuroses Caused by Stricture of the Urethra in the Fe- 
male," read before the American Society of Genito-Urinary Surgeons 
at the Triennial Meeting held in Washington, D. C., September 22, 
1891; in the absence of the author (then President of the Society) it 
was read by his son, Dr. William K. Otis; reprinted from the New 
York Medical Record of January 9, 1892. 
Dr. Otis was a pleasing writer, and as the author of works in other 
lines-"Lessons in Drawing," "History of the Panama Railroad," 
and "Tropical Journeyings"-he achieved not a little reputation. 
Dr. Otis was a member of the New York Century Association, of the 
New York University Club and the New York Medical and Surgical 
Society; a member in perpetuity of the New York Metropolitan Mu- 
seum of Art, medical examiner and honorary member of the New 
York Artist Fund Society and a life member of the New England 
Society. Dr. Otis spent the winter of 1900 in New Orleans, where in 
the early part of April he was attacked by double pneumonia. Dur- 
ing his convalescence a carbuncle appeared, and, in his already debil- 
itated state of health, resulted fatally, May 24, 3900. 
ALEXANDER EDDY HOSACK, M.D., son of Dr. David and 
Elizabeth (Warner) Hosack, was born in New York City, April 
6, 1805. He was trained by private tutory, a college course being 
forbidden him on account of his frail physical condition. From his 
early youth he had taken an interest in medicine, and he gained con- 
siderable knowledge of the science through his intimate association BIOGRAPHICAL 
465 
with his father, who had cherished a desire that his son should suc- 
ceed him in the profession. He subsequently entered the Medical De- 
partment of the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was 
graduated at the age of nineteen years. For three years he studied in 
Paris under two of the most distinguished French practitioners, Du- 
puytren and Amussat, and also served as interne in one of the princi- 
pal hospitals. Establishing himself in New York City, he soon enjoyed 
an extensive personal practice, and also busied himself in various 
institutions, principally those on Ward's Island, which he was instru- 
mental in establishing, and the Marine Hospital, with which he was 
connected for many years in the capacity of attending physician. 
He was known as a most accomplished diagnostician and an indus- 
trious and original originator. He was noted as first in New York 
to make use of sulphurous ether as an anesthetic, which he repeatedly 
administered when performing operations in cases of amputation 
and calculus, and in the latter of which he was specially successful, 
treating a vast number of patients. In one notable instance he re- 
moved so many as seventeen calculi from one patient, who completely 
recovered and was restored to a condition of such vigor that he sur- 
vived all the nine physicians who witnessed the operation upon him. 
Dr. Hosack introduced to the profession an invention for perform- 
ing staphyloraphy, and his device was subsequently brought to such 
a degree of perfection as to be accepted as of permanent value. 
Through a long continued series of experiments he arrived at the 
conclusion that death by hanging is painless, the first pressure of the 
cord upon the neck producing an immediate cessation of sensation, and 
he pushed his theory so far as to assert that, in some cases, the effect 
was actually pleasing. He contributed various valuable essays to 
medical journals and addresses to medical societies, in which he gave 
to the profession the results of his investigations. Among them were 
the following: "Description of an Instrument for the Tying of Deep- 
Seated Arteries," "Use and Advantages of the Actual Cautery," 
"Memoir on Staphyloraphy," "Popliteal Aneurism Cured by Com- 
pression with a New Instrument," "Anesthesia," "Pustule Maligne 
and Its Treatment," and "History of the Case of the Late Dr. John 
Kearney Rodgers." Dr. Hosack died in Newport, Rhode Island, 
March 2, 1871, and his character and attainments are commemo- 
rated in a memorial founded upon a bequest of $70,000 made by his 
widow. 
This memorial is known as Hosack Hall, a spacious lecture hall in 
the New York Academy of Medicine. Upon the wall is a tablet bear- 
ing the following inscription: 
HOSACK HALL. 
As a Memorial 
of her 
Husband, 
ALEXANDER EDDY HOSACK, M.D., 
This Hall Is Erected by 
CELINE B. HOSACK, 
MDCCCLXXXIX. 466 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
T AMES W. SCRIBNER, M.D., deceased, was born at Tarrytown, 
New York, January 17, 1820. His grandfather, Enoch Scribner, 
was a resident of Bedford, Westchester county, to which place he is 
supposed to have moved from Connecticut. He was united in mar- 
riage to Mary Miller, and they were the parents of two sons, Joseph 
M. and James M. Scribner. Joseph M. Scribner, father of Dr. James 
W. Scribner, was born May 11, 1793, and, wishing to lead a profes- 
sional life, began the study of medicine, and in due course of time 
became a prominent physician. He married Rebecca Ward, daughter 
of Thomas Ward, of Sing Sing, New York. Their children were: Dr. 
James W., John C., Mary, wife of Robert Jameson, and Philip W. 
Scribner. The father of these children died December 28, 1847. 
Dr. James W. Scribner attended the village schools until he was 
fifteen years of age, when he was transferred to the Collegiate School 
at Bedford. Having acquired a good classical education, he com- 
menced the study of medicine with his father as preceptor, who was 
then and had been for many years one of the physicians in charge 
of the Westchester almshouse, and in this institution Dr. Scribner 
had ample opportunity for gaining a wide and varied experience 
while yet a student. After attending three courses of lectures at the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York City, he was gradu- 
ated from that institution in 1847. The following year he began 
practice in his native town and continued it until the close of his 
life, being invariably favored with a large, responsible and remunera- 
tive practice. He became his father's successor in the medical pro- 
fession, and was appointed to fill his place at the almshouse. During 
his entire life Dr. Scribner held a high position among his professional 
brethren in the county in which he resided; so acute were his per- 
ceptions, so widely read was he in his profession, and so skillful in 
applying his acquirements to a practical use, that if he had made a 
specialty of any one department of medicine he would have become 
noted as a leader in it. But instead, he devoted himself to a general 
practice and was content to gain a local reputation as a skillful phy- 
sician, surgeon and obstetrician. His counsel was frequently sought 
by physicians at a distance, and in his own neighborhood his serv- 
ices were always in demand where a consultation was necessary. He 
was devoted to his profession, and could seldom be induced to with- 
draw himself from his work in order to take needed relaxation. Dur- 
ing the last year of his life, while suffering from the acute pain of 
a malignant disease and from the depression naturally arising from 
such a condition, he attended regularly to business day and night, 
without murmur or complaint. 
He was a member of the Westchester County Medical Society, hav- 
ing been elected to the highest office; a member of the New York State 
Medical Society, the American Medical Association, an honorary 
member of the California State Medical Society, and was chosen a 
delegate to the National Medical Association in 1871. He was elected 
president of the village of Tarrytown for several terms, was chosen 
president of the Westchester County Agricultural Society, and also BIOGRAPHICAL 
467 
served in the capacity of president of the board of education at Tarry- 
town for many years. 
By Dr. Scribner's death, which occurred January 28, 1880, the 
community in which he labored so faithfully for many years suffered 
an irreparable loss; all classes mourned him as a friend, he being a 
man of the highest character and most sterling integrity. These traits 
were spoken of in unqualified terms by those most intimately asso- 
ciated with him in professional, social or private life. 
TARVIN ALDEN TUCKER, B.S., A.M., M.D.-The late Dr. Ervin 
Alden Tucker was born February 2, 1862, at Attleboro, Massa- 
chusetts. His parents were Almon H. and Lydia Harriet (Sweet) 
Tucker. His paternal ancestry can be traced back to Robert Tucker, 
of Weymouth, Massachusetts (1635), who was a direct descendant of 
Willielmus Tucker, of Thornley, Devon county, England, to whom 
were granted, in 1079, the original Tucker arms. It is interesting, in 
view of Dr. Tucker's dauntless courage during the years of struggle 
for an education, to note that the family motto adopted in those early 
days was "Nil desperandum.'' » 
His early education was obtained in the common schools of Attle 
boro, Massachusetts, and he was prepared for college in Mowry and 
Goff's Classical School, Providence, Rhode Island. In 1881 he entered 
Amherst College, where he followed the scientific course in preference 
to the classical in order to devote more time to the sciences and 
modern languages, which he knew would be useful later, as he had, 
long before entering college, resolved to become a physician. His 
devotion to the languages was such that a prize for scholarship in 
French, Italian and Spanish was given him at the end of the junior 
year. He was graduated from Amherst in 1885 with the degree of 
Bachelor of Science, and in 1888 received the degree of Master of 
Arts from the same college. 
The year 1885-86 was spent in Stamford, Connecticut, in teaching 
modern languages in Bett's Academy, and reading medicine under 
the direction of Dr. A. M. Hurlburt. Then he spent three years in 
medical study in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York 
City-two years under the preceptorship of the late Professor H. B. 
Sands, and one year under that of Professor George S. Huntington. 
He graduated in 1889 as one of the "ten honor men" in a class of 
one hundred and sixty-six, and took the second Harsen prize of 
three hundred dollars for "proficiency in all the branches of medical 
teaching." 
For six months after graduating he was assistant resident physi- 
cian in the Nursery and Child's Hospital, New York City. In Decem- 
ber, 1889, he went to Germany. After "polishing up" his German in 
Goettingen, he devoted all his time to obstetrics, spending one semester 
in Berlin under the instruction of Olshausen, Winter and Duehrssen, 
and another in the Frauenklinik in Munich under the instruction of 
Winckel. His holidays were spent in visiting the maternity hospitals 
in Leipsic, Dresden, Prague, Vienna and Paris. 468 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
In the spring of 1890 he was notified that he had been appointed 
instructor in practical obstetrics in the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons, and resident physician in the Sloane Maternity Hospital, 
New York City. In December he returned from abroad to enter upon 
the duties imposed by these positions. From 1890 to 1895 he had the 
satisfaction of seeing the service increase from about four hundred to 
over nine hundred confinements a year, thus making the Sloane Mater- 
nity the largest obstetric hospital in this country. It is not too much 
to say that Dr. Tucker contributed in no small measure to this remark- 
able growth. Under his watchful eye, keen to detect the slightest error 
or the most trivial omission, the histories of the cases became master- 
pieces of accuracy and completeness; while the members of the staff 
received an obstetric training never surpassed in a similar hospital 
service. He devised and introduced many improvements in tech- 
nique, notably the "cephalic," rather than the pelvic method of 
applying the forceps blades, first introducing both blades along the 
posterior vaginal wall and then rotating whichever blade was needed 
to secure the accurate application of the instrument. Of this inven- 
tion he was justly proud, and at the time of his death was planning 
the publication of a careful description of the method. 
In July, 1895, he resigned the position of resident physician at the 
Sloane Maternity Hospital to enter upon the private practice of ob- 
stetrics as a specialty. He was the first man in New York City to 
devote himself exclusively to this branch of medicine. At this time 
Dr. Tucker was appointed assistant attending physician to the Sloane 
Maternity Hospital, and tutor in obstetrics and gynecology in the 
new four years' course which was then being established in the Col- 
lege of Physicians and Surgeons. Both these positions he held for 
five years, resigning in 1900, when his increasing private practice 
demanded all his energies. 
His success was assured from the start. The respect which his 
career in the medical college and at the hospital had commanded 
among the leaders of the medical profession, the enthusiastic admira- 
tion and good will which he had won among the large number of in- 
ternes, nurses and students receiving instruction at his hands, all 
proved powerful aids to him in his chosen field; while the skill he had 
acquired as an operator and his own inherent powers make it certain 
that he would soon take his place among the foremost physicians of 
the city. Prominent practitioners soon began to enlist his services 
in attending to the obstetric needs of their wealthy patients. 
He had the swift, sure judgment that comes with long experience 
and well thought-out methods. His detail was perfect, and whether 
working in the wards, or bringing an heir to millions into the world, 
his work was performed in that same thorough, careful and successful 
way. To see him work was to realize that he was an artist of the 
highest scientific type, and of all the women under his care for 
both their pregnancy and confinement he never lost a patient. 
Death came upon Dr. Tucker just as he had planted his feet firmly 
upon the threshold of a great career. He had achieved success BIOGRAPHICAL 
469 
through sheer force of his own magnificent ability, and at last there 
seemed nothing to prevent the realization of his highest hopes. He 
was a man whom the medical profession could ill spare. 
Dr. Tucker was a member of the New York Academy of Medicine, 
the New York Obstetrical Society, the Hospital Graduates' Club, the 
New York County Medical Society, the West End Medical Society, 
and the Society of the Alumni of the Sloane Maternity Hospital, of 
which he was a charter member, and the first president. Among the 
many published articles by Dr. Tucker may be mentioned especially 
that on the "Birth of the Secundines," which was awarded the 
Stevens Triennial prize in 1897. 
His death occurred March 3, 1902. The following resolutions were 
adopted and conveyed to his bereaved family as a token of sympathy, 
appreciation and consolation by the members of the New York Ob- 
stetrical Society: 
Whereas, An inscrutable Providence has removed from our fellowship an 
honored member, Ervin Alden Tucker, A.M., M.D., suddenly, in his prime, with 
only the first sheaf of life's harvest garnered; and 
Whereas, The Fellows of the New York Obstetrical Society, from long 
association, have grown into a knowledge of his rare qualities and exceptional 
equipment for the high sphere of usefulness he had made for himself in his 
profession; and 
Whereas, As members of his own guild and calling, thereby entering into 
a juster appraisement of his skill and capacity, the Fellows of the New York 
Obstetrical Society especially esteem their departed brother for his unusually 
long, painfully laborious, and self-contained preparation in the hospital wards; 
his tireless fidelity as observer and statistician; his methodical evolution of a 
technique in obstetrics, his soundness and directness as a teacher, carrying 
his formative influence, through medical graduates of the last decade, to bedsides 
far beyond his personal ken; his kindly, active, almost paternal interest in each 
individual of the large family of medical men he himself selected from the 
city hospitals and trained as obstetricians; his cohesive power in holding the 
hospital alumni in fraternal bond; his quiet, self-poised "yea" and "nay," 
which inspired in patients a merited confidence, marvelously rooted; his clean 
life; his high conception of the responsibility and dignity of the holy office 
of ministrant at the threshold of life; 
Therefore be it Resolved, That the Fellows of the New York Obstetrical 
Society spread upon their records their pride in the fame of their honored 
Fellow, their appreciation not only of his individual work but also of the 
spiritual power of his completed and crystallized life lesson, which will ever 
be a stimulus to younger men in the profession. 
Dr. Tucker married, April, 1893, Miss George Anna Crispell, of 
Rondout, New York. 
PBEEMAN JOSIAH BUMSTEAD, M.D.-Freeman Josiah Bum- 
stead, M.D., LL.D., professor from 1867 to 1871 in the Col- 
lege of Physicians and Surgeons, the medical department of Columbia, 
was born in Boston, April 21, 1826. He was a graduate of Williams 
College, class of 1847, and having completed the regular course at the 
Harvard Medical School in 1851, he concluded his studies in Paris. 
Entering upon the practice of his profession in New York City in 
1852, he soon acquired a high reputation as a specialist, and for some 470 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
time was a regular surgeon at the Charity Hospital on Blackwell's 
Island, the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, and the Strangers' 
Hospital. During the years 1866 and 1867 he lectured on materia 
medica at the College of Physicians and Surgeons and was Clinical 
Professor of Venereal Diseases there from the latter year till 1871. 
Professor Bumstead died in New York, November 28, 1879. He 
belonged to various medical societies, was chosen vice-president of the 
Torrey Botanical Club in 1875, and a few months prior to his death 
he received the degree of Doctor of Laws from Williams College. 
His contributions to (medical literature include a translation of 
Ricord's notes to Hunter's Treatise on Venereal Diseases; Cul- 
lerier's Atlas of Venereal Diseases; and the Pathology and Treat- 
ment of same. 
TA AVID KENNEDY, M.D., who for over thirty years was closely 
identified with the interests of Rondout, Ulster county, New 
York, was a physician whose name is dear to many, both as a skillful 
and respected practitioner and as a personal friend. He was born in 
New York City, April 20, 1832, and when nine years of age was 
taken by his parents to Roxbury, New York, where he spent his 
youth, receiving his education in the district schools, supplemented by 
attendance at a private school known as Beechwood. When only ten 
years of age he became a United States mail carrier between Rox- 
bury and what is now Arkville, making the thirteen-mile trip tri- 
weekly on horseback. When nineteen years of age he further ex- 
hibited that self-reliant and resolute spirit which characterized his 
entire life. Becoming impressed with the idea that the new El 
Dorado of California offered superior inducements to men of perse- 
verance and energy, he resolved to join the company of the argo- 
nauts. His father being a man of limited means, and an elder brother 
wishing to make the trip also, David negotiated a loan from neigh- 
bors, and sailed from New York for Aspinwall in company with his 
brother and three hundred others bound on the same mission. After 
reaching Aspinwall, they poled their way up the Chagres river to 
Gargona, making the remainder of the trip to Panama City with 
their worldly effects strapped on their backs. On arriving there, 
they found that the price of passage to San Francisco had been in- 
creased, and as a consequence they were compelled, with others sim- 
ilarly situated, to remain at Panama City until a sailing vessel could 
be put in condition to take them to their destination. After a delay 
of forty days in starting and a journey of seventy-two days with short 
rations, they arrived in San Francisco in a destitute condition. With- 
out delay young Kennedy proceeded to Sacramento, where his brother 
had arrived in advance, and who was engaged in the real estate busi- 
ness. Through his brother's instrumentality, David obtained a clerk- 
ship, and while thus engaged secured one hundred and sixty acres 
of land on Sacramento river at the price of fifty dollars an acre, dis- 
posing of it the following week at an advance of three hundred and 
fifty dollars. After paying necessary expenses he remitted the bal- BIOGRAPHICAL 
471 
ance to his parents at home, and then started for Nevada City in 
quest of gold, working after his arrival, with a pick and shovel. Eight- 
een months later he returned to his home, liquidated his loan, and 
after a short stay once more turned his face westward. He remained 
in Nevada City one year, and then went to San Francisco. 
Having decided to devote himself to the practice of medicine, he 
began his preparatory studies by matriculating in the Medical 
Department of the Pacific University, where he took a preliminary 
and regular course, after which he returned to New York and entered 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons, where he was graduated 
in the class of 1860. He entered upon the active practice of his 
profession in Schenectady, where he remained in successful practice 
for one year, but on the outbreak of the Civil War he offered his 
services to the government and was appointed acting assistant sur- 
geon, and assigned to the Nineteenth Pennsylvania Volunteer In- 
fantry. He participated in the second battle of Bull Run, and in 
those of Slaughter Mountain and Antietam. After the last named 
engagement he was ordered to duty at Fortress Monroe, where he 
was appointed president of the examining board for the deportation 
of soldiers and hospitals. His duties called him from Fortress Mon- 
roe to Portsmouth and Norfolk, and finally to the Satterlee United 
States General Hospital in West Philadelphia, where he was made 
president of the examining board and consulting surgeon, remaining 
until- the close of the war in 1865. No important operation at this 
hospital could be performed without Dr. Kennedy's consent, and 
many of the most delicate operations he performed himself. 
On returning to civil life Dr. Kennedy decided to settle in 
Titusville, Pennsylvania, where he engaged in the practice of his 
profession. The "oil fever" was then at its height, and Dr. Kennedy 
invested in oil lands, a venture that proved profitable and from 
which, with that foresight which was one of his most prominent char- 
acteristics, he retired before the crash came. The year 1870 found 
him settled in Rondout, New York, established in a profitable practice, 
and recognized both by patients and professional brethren as a skill- 
ful, successful and conscientious physician. It was at this period 
that owing to the popularity to which some of his prescriptions had at- 
tained, he was led to the preparation of certain remedies which by 
reason of their merit have made his name known throughout the 
land. 
Notwithstanding the absorbing nature of Dr. Kennedy's profes- 
sional duties, he took an unfailing and active interest in public af- 
fairs, and was recognized by his townsmen as a power for truth 
and right. He was twice elected mayor of Kingston, and at the time 
of Cleveland's first election to the presidency, Dr. Kennedy filled the 
office of presidential elector and was designated by the New York 
electors to convey the result of the vote to Washington. He was 
prominently connected with financial institutions and business en- 
terprises, and in these as in all his other undertakings his name was 
a synonym for honor and integrity. Dr. Kennedy married, in 1868, 472 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Eliza B. Gilbert, of Stamford, Delaware county, New York, and was 
the father of two sons and two daughters, Gilbert F., David, Anna 
McPherson and Adelaide. 
In the death of Dr. Kennedy, which occurred August 5, 1901, hun- 
dreds of friends felt that they had sustained a personal loss. Aside 
from his unblemished public and professional life, there is another 
and a greater phase that no mere biographical sketch of dates and 
achievements can cover. There was nothing of the Pharisee in Dr. 
Kennedy's nature. Boasting and display were so repugnant to him 
that only those who experienced his kindness and generosity ever 
heard of this side of the man. Ever ready to impart wise counsel 
when sought, he was equally ready with that more immediate and tan- 
gible aid that so many mere givers of good advice withhold. And of 
these multitudinous acts of generosity only the recipients ever told. 
A hater of shams, Dr. Kennedy was fearless in advocating that which 
to him seemed right. With him acts, not words, counted. It was by 
their acts that he gauged men. It was by his acts that those who ex- 
perienced his kindness gauged him. Quietly, without hope of material 
reward, actuated only by love of doing good, Dr. Kennedy dealt with 
his fellows less fortunate than he in accumulating worldly goods, and 
many a life was saved from wreck by his kindly and timely aid. 
JOSEPH WILLIAM STICKLER, M.S., M.D.-The late Dr. Joseph 
u William Stickler, of Orange, New Jersey, was born in Ho- 
boken, New Jersey, June 26, 1854, and was an only son of Joseph 
Whipple and Charlotte (Snell) Stickler. His early education was 
obtained in private schools, and he completed his preparation for 
college in the Orange High School. He was graduated from the 
University of the City of New York with the degree of Bachelor of 
Science, and later his alma mater conferred upon him the degree of 
Master of Science. 
He matriculated in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New 
York in 1876 and received his medical degree in 1879. After passing 
several months abroad and serving an interneship in the Presby- 
terian Hospital in New York, he located in Orange in 1881, where 
until his death, May 18, 1899, he enjoyed a large and select patronage. 
In 1881 and 1882 he was lecturer on surgery and diseases of the 
skin in the College of Comparative Medicine of New York. From 
1878 to 1880 he was physician to the Lying-in Asylum of New York, 
and from 1893 to 1899 visiting surgeon and pathologist to the Orange 
Memorial Hospital. When the phthisis ward was established there 
he requested that he be transferred from the surgical to the medical 
side and given charge of that ward. This led to his making very 
extended investigation along that line, and when Professor Koch 
announced his antitoxine, Dr. Stickler visited Germany and conducted 
a long course of experiments, only to find that the true antitoxine 
had not yet been discovered. Upon another occasion, in 1886, he vis- 
ited England and passed some time in a district where cattle were 
affected with foot-and-mouth disease with a view to determine its rela- BIOGRAPHICAL 
473 
tion to human scarlatina as a prophylactic, and his article on the 
subject which appeared in the Medical Record, December 10, 1887, 
and later in pamphlet form, was highly appreciated by the profes- 
sion. He was also the author of "Adirondacks as a Health Resort"; 
"Diseases and Climatology of Essex County, New Jersey," and nu- 
merous other monographs and papers. In recognition of the value of 
the last named articles, he was awarded a prize of one hundred dollars 
by the Medical Society of the State of New Jersey, a proceeding which 
was unique in the history of that organization. At the time of his 
death Dr. Stickler was engaged in experiments in New York upon the 
lower animals, trying to isolate the germ of scarlet fever, and a very 
interesting point had been reached. After his death an article writ- 
ten some time previous, "Scarlet Fever Reproduced by Inoculation; 
Some Important Points Deduced Therefrom," was published in the 
Medical Record and was considered of much value. 
Dr. Stickler was a member of the New York Academy of Medicine, 
the New York Pathological Society, the Orange Mountain Medical 
Society, the Essex County District Medical Society, the New Jersey 
State Medical Society, and the Society for the Relief of Widows and 
Orphans of Medical Men of New Jersey. He was ex-president and a 
director of the Young Men's Christian Association of Orange, a di- 
rector of the Second National Bank, and an elder of the First Presby- 
terian Church. Dr. Stickler was not only a distinguished member of 
his profession, but stood high in the social and public life of the 
community in which he had labored so long and earnestly. He was 
ever ready to aid, by his means and influence, all undertakings which 
he thought would benefit society or his beloved profession. He was 
especially interested in educational work and for several years prior 
to his death was pathologist to the Board of Health. In him were 
combined the qualities of a social and domestic gentleman, and a cul- 
tivated man of science, and he possessed in a high degree the public 
spirit which is essential to good American citizenship. After his 
death, his parents since deceased, presented to the City of Orange 
a beautiful public library as a memorial to their beloved and only 
son. On August 6, 1896, Dr. Stickler married Miss Mary Harding, 
daughter of Rev. John W. and Mehetable (Lane) Harding, of Long- 
meadow, Massachusetts; she and her son, Joseph Harding Stickler, 
survive him. 
JEORGE RAWSON BRUSH, M.D., who died November 29, 1894, 
at Colorado Springs, Colorado, was born at Smithtown, Suffolk 
county, Long Island, November 3, 1836, and was a son of Philetus 
Smith and Dorothea Ann (Brush) Brush, both of whom were de- 
scended from early Long Island families. He was one of the eighth 
generation in line of descent from Thomas Brush, who was born 
about 1610, settled at Southold in 1653, and came from Southold to 
Huntington, where he died shortly after 1670, and left children: 
Thomas, John, Richard and Rebecca. 
Among the children of Richard Brush was Thomas, who had a son 474 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
Nehemiah, who also had a son Nehemiah, who was the great-grand- 
father of our subject. Nehemiah (2) married and had a son Henry, 
who married Charity Smith and had children, among whom was Phi- 
letus, the father of Dr. George R. Brush. 
Of the numerous descendents of Thomas Brush, the first American 
ancestor of this family, Jesse Brush was an officer in the Revolution; 
his brother John was the General John Brush who commanded the 
Dutchess county troops at the Harlem bridge in the War of 1812, 
and who was afterward major-general of militia. Another brother, 
Colonel Henry Brush, was captain of Ohio volunteers in the War of 
1812, and was on his way to Detroit with two hundred and thirty 
men, one hundred beef cattle and a quantity of provisions and the 
mail, at the time General Hull surrendered, August 16, 1812. Cap- 
tain Brush had arrived at the river Raisin, and was in imminent 
danger of falling into the hands of the Indians under Tecumseh, 
through the negligence of Hull to send reinforcements; he was noti- 
fied by a British officer carrying a flag of truce concerning Hull's 
surrender, including Captain Brush's own command. He refused 
to accept the notice as authoritative, and escaped with most of his 
stores to Ohio. 
Dr. George Rawson Brush received his early education in the schools 
of Smithtown, and for some time read medicine in the office of Dr. 
Morrell of Huntington. When sixteen years of age he entered the 
seminary at Pennington, New Jersey, and after graduating entered 
the office of Dr. Lafayette Ranney, of New York City, under whose 
preceptorship he studied for some time, when he entered the College 
of Physicians and Surgeons and graduated from that institution at 
the age of twenty-one years. He began the practice of his profession 
in the office of his preceptor, with whom he remained until his 
health became impaired. He then removed to Sayville, Long Island, 
where he successfully practised until September 2, 1861, when he was 
appointed assistant surgeon in the United States Navy, and rendered 
efficient service during the great Civil War. His promotion in the 
service was rapid. In April, 1865, he was made passed assistant sur- 
geon, was promoted to the rank of surgeon, February 10, 1872, and to 
medical inspector in November, 1889. During the Civil War, Surgeon 
Brush served on the United States frigate Potomac, 1861-4, during 
which time he saw much of the yellow fever epidemic at Pensacola, 
Florida. He was on duty on board the United States receiving ship 
North Carolina, at New York, 1864-5; and on the United States steam- 
ship Wateree, Pacific Station, 1865-7. He was detailed to attend the 
wounded at Callao, Peru, after the bombardment of that city by the 
Spanish Fleet, May 2, 1866. His subsequent service was on board the 
United States steamship Wampanoag, North Atlantic Station, 1868; 
in the naval hospital at Norfolk, Virginia, 1868-9; on the United States 
steamships Cyane, Ossipee, Pensacola, Saranac and Onward, Pacific 
Station, 1869-72; at the Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, and the 
United States naval rendezvous, New York City, 1873-4; and on the 
United States steamship Saranac, North Pacific Station, 1874-5. He BIOGRAPHICAL 
475 
was shipwrecked at Seymore Narrows, British Columbia, June 18, 
1875. He was on duty at the Naval Hospital, Mare Island, California, 
1875-6; on the United States flagship Omaha, South Pacific Station, 
1876-8; on the United States receiving ship Colorado, New York, 
1879-81; on the United States steamship Vandalia, North Atlantic Sta- 
tion, 1882-4; in the Naval Laboratory, Brooklyn, New York, 1884; 
on the United States receiving ship Vermont, New York, 1885-8; on 
the United States steamship Pensacola, Atlantic Station; on the 
United States flagship Omaha, Asiatic Station, 1889-91; and at the 
Navy Yard, New York, 1892-94. 
This summary indicates that Surgeon Brush had a wide experience 
and traveled extensively. Being a diligent reader and lover of 
books, he collected many rare volumes during his travels, and his li- 
brary at Sayville is regarded as one of the finest in the county. He 
was prominent in Masonry, in which ancient order he had attained the 
thirty-second degree, and he was a member of the Methodist Epis- 
copal church. Having a most genial disposition and excellent social 
qualities, his literary accomplishments made him a charming addition 
to the most cultured circles. He was married at Sayville, Long Is- 
land, March 12, 1864, to Margaret A. Smith, daughter of Captain 
Jacob and Elizabeth (Edwards) Smith. Of this union was born one 
son, George Jacob, who died at the age of about eleven years. 
TA ARWIN EVERETT, M.D., deceased, will be long remembered by 
the members of the medical profession of Middletown, New York, 
as a physician whose career proved to be a useful and worthy one. 
He was born in Middletown, Orange county, New York, March 6, 
1843, the son of Harvey and Sarah A. Everett, both natives of 
Orange county. 
Harvey Everett, father of Dr. Darwin Everett, was born December 
19, 1811, and obtained his literary education in the public and pri- 
vate schools of Middletown, this being supplemented by a course in 
the Montgomery Academy. After his graduation from the latter 
named institution, he began the study of medicine under the able 
preceptorship of Dr. John T. Jansen, of Minisink, Orange county, 
New York, and later matriculated in the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons of New York, attending two courses, and subsequently he 
attended one course at the Vermont Academy of Medicine at Wood- 
stock, from which he was graduated in the class of 1834. He imme- 
diately entered upon the practice of his profession in Middletown, 
where he remained until his retirement in 1884, owing to ill health. 
He thus rounded out a complete half century of successful practice 
and gained an enviable reputation. In 1839 he became a member of 
the Orange County Medical Society. Dr. Everett was prominent in 
educational matters, having served on the board of education from 
1868 to 1872, and acted as president for the years 1871 and 1872; 
was supervisor of the town of Middletown, and served in the capacity 
of trustee of Wallkill Academy from 1841 to 1868. His death occurred 
April 11, 1899, after a residence in Middletown of eighty-seven years; 476 
MEDICINE IN NEW YORK 
he was survived by one daughter, Genevieve, wife of Frank B. Den- 
ton. 
Darwin Everett, son of Dr. Harvey and Sarah Everett, was reared 
in his native town and acquired his education in the Wallkill Academy. 
Early in life he decided to become a physician and his preparatory 
studies were pursued under the guidance of his father; he then en- 
tered the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, from 
which he was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 
1864. He had as classmates Drs. Janeway and Janvrin, two of the 
most celebrated physicians of the city of New York. Dr. Everett re- 
ceived an appointment on the medical staff of Bellevue Hospital after 
a competitive examination, and served from 1864 to 1866 inclusive. 
Flattering inducements were offered him to open on office in New 
York and practice his profession, but he decided to locate in Middle- 
town, thus gratifying his father's cherished wish. From the begin- 
ning he enjoyed a large and constantly growing patronage, owing to 
the fact that he applied himself diligently and earnestly to the mastery 
of great scientific principles, and was accurate and exact in applying 
them to the practical affairs of life. Dr. Everett possessed many ad- 
mirable social qualities, a marked courtesy, a kindliness of dispo- 
sition and a consideration for the opinion of others which won for him 
the confidence and good will of his fellow-men. His death occurred 
September 18, 1884. 
T FRANK VALENTINE, M.D., deceased, was born in New York, 
• November 15, 1856. After the death of his mother in 1861, he 
lived on a farm on Long Island until he was twelve years of age, when 
he returned to New York and began his educational training at Pub- 
lic School No. 15, or ' ' The Old Fifth Street School, " as it was called 
at that time. When his father died some years later, he was placed 
at the Weston Military Institute at Weston, Connecticut, where he re- 
mained two years. Having decided to prepare himself for the medical 
profession, he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New 
York. During his course there, he acted as ambulance surgeon at the 
Eastern District Hospital in 1877, and as house surgeon at St. Cath- 
arine's Hospital in 1878. After he had secured the degree of M.D. 
in 1879, he served as surgeon to St. Catharine's Hospital for fourteen 
years. For twelve years he was surgeon of the Thirty-second Regi- 
ment, National Guard, State of New York. He held the position of 
coroner's physician during the entire terms of Coroners Hesse and 
Nason; he was one of the visiting surgeons of St. John's Hospital, 
Long Island City, and was consulting surgeon to the Nassau Hospital 
at Mineola, Long Island; from 1890 until his death he was chief sur- 
geon of the Long Island Railroad Company. He was a member of the 
Queens-Nassau Medical Society, and ex-president of the New York 
State Association of Railway Surgeons. 
Dr. Valentine had a long record as a Mason, and a high position in 
Masonic circles, having become a member of Greenpoint Lodge, No. 
403, in 1879, of which he was elected master in 1887. He servedAj BIOGRAPHICAL 
477 
high priest of Altair Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, as commander of 
St. Elmo Commandery, No. 57, Knights Templar, and in 1902 was 
elected potentate of Kismet Temple, Ancient Arabic Order, Nobles 
of the Mystic Shrine. He was a member of the Brooklyn Council, 
Royal and Select Masters, and a grand representative of the Grand 
Commandery of Louisiana. Among other associations in which he 
held membership were the Black Prince Lodge, Knights of Pythias, 
and Montgomery Lodge, Knights of Honor, of which he was grand 
vice-director in New York State. He lived at Richmond Hill, Long 
Island, with his wife and two children, and there his death occurred, 
February 5, 1903. 
DRS. ALPHONSE MICHAEL AND WILLIAM BURRY WAL- 
LACE.-Dr. William B. Wallace, fifty-three years old, a well- 
known physician of New York City, died suddenly, June 7, 1895, 
from pneumonia, after an illness of fifteen days, at his home, No. 
144 East Sixtieth street. Exactly eleven hours later his oldest son, 
Dr. Alphonse M. Wallace, twenty-seven years old, without knowledge 
of his father's demise, died in the next room, also from pneumonia. 
Dr. Wallace, Sr., was bom in Limerick county, Ireland, and was 
educated in England and also at Dublin. He married Hannah M. 
Hickey in 1865. In the seventies he came to this country and studied 
medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, in New York 
City. He was appointed school commissioner under Mayor Grace. 
He carried on a large practice in New York City, and was a mem- 
ber of the Medico-Legal Society, Catholic Club, and United Federa- 
tion. When Parnell visited this country in 1879, Dr. Wallace had 
charge of the preparations for his reception. Of late years he trav- 
eled extensively throughout the country, organizing Land League 
societies. 
The younger Dr. Wallace was born in New York City, and was 
educated at the public schools and St. Francis Xavier's College. He 
studied medicine at his father's alma mater, and secured his diploma 
in 1888. He was house physician at St. Vincent's Hospital, and for 
his last three years had been with the Department of Charities and 
Correction as one of the examining physicians. It was while attend- 
ing at his father's sick-bed that he was stricken with pneumonia. 
I_I ERMAN G. MATZINGER is a graduate of the medical depart- 
1 1 ment of the University of Buffalo, of the class of 1884. He is 
the Professor of Insanity and Diseases of the Brain at Buffalo Uni- 
versity, and is consultant at the Buffalo General and the Children's 
Hospital and also at the German Hospital. He is a member of the 
American Academy of Medicine, of the American Medico-Psychologi- 
cal Association, and of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine. INDEX 
Abbott, Charles E., 299. 
Abbott, Theodore J., 443. 
Agnew, Cornelius R., 23. 
Albee, Fred H., 64. 
Anderson, Robert B., 351. 
Armstrong, James L., 163. 
Arnold, Douglas P., 299. 
Arrowsmith, Hubert, 443. 
Ashley, Dexter D., 444, 
Aspell, John, 192. 
Auel, Charles H. W., 293. 
Ayers, Horace E., 408. 
Ayres, Daniel R., 261. 
Bailey, Pearce, 187. 
Baldwin, L. Grant, 57. 
Bandler, Clarence G., 389. 
Bang, Richard T., 181. 
Banta, Charles W., 295. 
Banta, Rollin L., 295. 
Barber, Howard W., 67. 
Barber, William H., 67. 
Barker, Fordyce, 17. 
Barrows, Charles C., 342. 
Bartow, Bernard, 147. 
Bassler, Anthony, 262. 
Bastedo, Walter A., 237. 
Batchelder, John P., 3. 
Beck, Theodoric R., 6. 
Beebe, Silas P., 263. 
Bennett, Arthur G., 314. 
Bentz, Charles A., 321. 
Berg, Albert A., 347. 
Bermingham, Edward J., 70. 
Biggs, Herman M., 385. 
Bishop, Louis F„ 289. 
Bodine, John A., 443. 
Boldt, Hermann J., 264. 
Booth, James A., 397. 
Brannan, John W., 165. 
Brennan, Robert E., 446. 
Brewer, George E., 183, 
Briggs, Albert H., 157. 
Brill, Nathan E., 247. 
Bristow, Algernon T., 34. 
Brooks, Harlow, 204. 
Brooks, Nelson O., 368. 
Broughton, William R., 205. 
Brown, Clayton M., 316. 
Brown, George L., 323. 
Brown, Samuel A., 176. 
Brugman, Albert F., 443. 
Brush, George R., 473. 
Bruso (Brosseau), Clark F., 298. 
Bryant, Joseph D., 32. 
Bryant, William S., 238. 
Bulkley, Henry D., 11. 
Bulkley, Lucius D., 58. 
Bull, William T., 431. 
Bumstead, Freeman J., 469. 
Burke, Martin, 107. 
Burt, Stephen S., 227. 
Burwell, Bryant, 155. 
Burwell, George N., 156. 
Buswell, Henry C., 308. 
Byrne, Joseph H., 141. 
Caille, Augustus, 198. 
Caldwell, William E., 444. 
Calkins, George H., 296. 
Camac, Charles N. B., 426. 
Campbell, William F., 144. 
Carpenter, Archibald D., 295 
Carpenter, Eugene H., 329. 
Carpenter, Thomas B., 303. 
Carr, Cornelius J., 313. 
Carr, Francis J., 312. 
Carr, James H., 313. 
Carr, Matthew L., 380. 
Carr, Walter L., 172. 
Carter, De Laney, 271. 
Carter, Herbert S., 283. 
Cary, Charles, 293. 
Claiborne, John H., 254. ' 
Clark, Alonzo, 22. 
Clark, Edward, 113. 
Cock, Thomas, 3. 
Coerr, Frederick H., 444. 
Cohen, Martin, 365. 
Cole, Carter S„ 273. 
Cole, Lewis G., 357. 
Coley, William B„ 241. 
Collins, John J., 365. 
Conner, Milton C., 429. 
Cooke, Almon H., 354. 
Copeland, Royal S., 80. 
Cossitt, H. Austin, 272. 
Coyle, John T. G., 155. 
Crandall, Floyd M., 244. 
Crane, Claude G., 259. 
Cronyn, John, 422. 
Cronyn, John L. C., 424. 
Cruikshank, William J., 352. 
Curtin, Thomas H., 335. 
Curtis, Frederic C, 31. 
Cutler, Condict W., 188. 
Darling, Byron C., 249. 
Dawbarn, Robert H. M., 87. 
Dean, Henry W., 18. 
Delafield, Francis, 442. 
Demarest, John H., 162. 
Dench, Edward B., 82. 
Didama, Henry D., 19. 
Dooley, Edward M., 362. 
Dorning, John, 253. 
Dorr, L. Bradley, 138. 
Dorr, Samuel G., 137. 
Dort, Elizabeth, 445. 
Douglas, Fred. J., 313. 
Dowd, Charles N., 90. 
Downes, William A., 177. 
Draper, Henry, 413. 
Draper, John W., 413. 
Draper, William H., 461. 
Draper, William K., 166. 
Duel, Arthur B., 275. 
Dunham, Edward K., 78. 
Dusseldorf, Louis M., 146. 
Dwyer, James G., 381. 
Dwyer, Thomas F., 294. 
479 480 
INDEX 
Echeverria, Martin J., 373. 
Elliott, George T., 349. 
Elsberg, Charles A., 129. 
Ely, Albert H., 237. 
Everett, Darwin, 475. 
Fagan, Albert L., 322. 
Fairbairn, Henry A., 107. 
Ferguson, Everard D., 31. 
Fisch, Gustav G., 112. 
Fischer, Carl F. H., 139. 
Fisher, Edward D., 375. 
Flint, Austin, 14. 
Flint, Austin, Jr., 208. 
Fox, George H., 33. 
Francis, John W., 6. 
Frankel, Edward, 104. 
Frauenthal, Henry W., 286. 
Frauenthal, Herman C., 346. 
Frey, Joseph L. E., 263. 
Frye, Maud J., 320. 
Gaertner, Wilhelm, 324. 
Gallagher, James L., 324. 
Gardner, James A., 317. 
Garmany, Jasper J., 277. 
Garratt, John M., 297. 
Garretson, William V. P., 252. 
Gerster, Arpad G. <5., 211. 
Gibb, William T„ 378. 
Gibbons, Peter J., 179. 
Gibney, Virgil P„ 74. 
Gibson, Jaifi.es A., 317. 
Giles, Jabez E., 97. 
Gillen, William A., 150. 
Gleason, W. Stanton, 128. 
Glynn, James P., 446. 
Goldan, Sydney O., 131. 
Goldsborough, Francis C., 323. 
Graef, Charles, 148. 
Gray, John P., 20. 
Greene, Christiana M., 319. 
Greene, Clayton W., 308. 
Greene, Robert H„ 348. 
Greene, Walter D., 307. 
Gregory, Menas S., 355. 
Guiteras, Ramon, 230. 
Gwathmey, James T., 359. 
Haddlck, William, 444. 
Haley, Edward E., 367. 
Halsey, Robert H., 338. 
Hamilton, Frank H., 15. 
Hanley, Lawrence G., 300. 
Hartshorn, Winfred M., 406. 
Hartwell, John A., 215. 
Hatch, Edith Rv 445. 
Hauenstein, John,, 309. 
Haupt, Louis, 170. 
Hawkes, Forbes, 421. 
Hayden, James R., 196. 
Hayes, William V. V., 246. 
Haynes, Irving S., 218. 
Hays, Harold M„ 268. 
Healy, William P., 365. 
Hebert, Paul Z., 433. 
Herold, Justin, 403. 
Hibbs, Russell A., 354. 
Hill, Seth, 346. 
Hoag, Myrtle A., 445. 
Hoag, Ward B., 140. 
Hollis, Austin W„ 251. 
Hollister, Frank C., 202. 
Hopkins, Henry R., 291. 
Hosack. Alexander E., 464. 
Howe, Lucien. 158. 
Hubbard, William N., 277. 
Hubbard, William S„ 115. 
Hubbell, Alvin A., 101. 
Huddleston, John H., 98. 
Humpstone, Paul, 146. 
Hun, Thomas, 12. 
Hurd, Arthur W., 306. 
Hurd, Lee M., 288. 
Hutchinson, Abbott T., 360. 
Hutchinson, Joseph C., 20. 
Hyde, Frederick, 12. 
Hyland, Edward M., 410. 
Jack, George N., 356. 
Jacobi, Abraham, 92. 
James, Robert C., 377. 
James, Walter B., 36. 
Janeway, Edward G., 86. 
Jennings, John E., 150. 
Jewett, Charles, 30. 
John, David, 164. 
Jones, C. Sumner, 319. 
Kalish, Richard, 280. 
Kast, Ludwig, 96. 
Kavlnoky, Nadina R., 448. 
Kavinoky, Nahum, 447. 
Kellogg, Edward L., 441. 
Kelly, Aquin S., 358. 
Kemp, Robert C., 336. 
Kennedy, David, 470. 
Kennedy, Foster, 174. 
Kenner, Lucy A., 321. 
King, James J., 270. 
Knapp, John R., 126. 
Koplik, Henry, 173. 
Krug, Ernest F., 358. 
Kurtz, Nellie E., 445. 
Ladinski, Louis J., 105. 
Lambert, Alexander, 440. 
Lambert, Edward W., 439. 
Lambert, Samuel W„ 167. 
Lambert, Walter E., 355. 
Lee, John A., 442. 
Leo, Stephen F., 128. 
Leo-Wolf, Carl G., 114. 
Lewis, Daniel, 185. 
Lewis, Robert, 361. 
Lloyd, Samuel, 424. 
Long, Eli H., 302. 
Loomis, Alfred. Lee (or Lebbeus), 25. 
Lothrop, Earl P., 305. 
Lothrop, Thomas, 304. 
Loughran, Robert L., 357. 
Lusk, William C., 402. 
Lusk, William T„ 28. 
Lyman, James W., 122. 
Lytle, Albert T„ 445. 
MacDonald, Carlos F., 53. 
MacGuire, Constantine J., 447. 
MacPhee, John J., 274. 
McBarron, John D., 284. 
McBurney. Charles, 435. 
McClelland, Lefferts A., 354. 
McConnell, Robert H., 339. 
McGoldrick, Thomas A., 350. 
McGrath, John F., 355. 
McGuire, Edgar R., 215. 
McKee, Otto S., 323. 
McKee, Thomas H., 301. 
McKernon, James F., 182. 
McLean, Malcolm, 199. 
McLeod, Samuel B. W.. 26. 
McNamara, Sylvester J., 353. 
McFarlan, Thomas F., 409. 
McWilliams, Clarence A., 327. 
Mabon, William, 392. INDEX 
481 
Macdonald, Willis G., 36 
Mann, Matthew D., 108. 
March, Alden, 7. 
March, Clara A., 318. 
Markoe, Francis H., 94. 
Markoe, James W., 68. 
Markoe, Thomas M., 94. 
Matzinger, Herman G., 477. 
Meagher, John F. W., 145. 
Meyer, Alfred, 191. 
Meyer, William J., 427. 
Meyer, Willy, 62. 
Miller, Frank E., 3'86. 
Miller, James A., 193. 
Milliken, Seth M„ 345. 
Mittendorf, William E. K., 282. 
Moffat, Henry, 368. 
Mofflt, Albert R., 444. 
Moore, Edward, 16. 
Morris, Robert T., 37. 
Morrow, Albert S., 171. 
Morton, William J., 394. 
Mott, Valentine, 4. 
Muir, Joseph, 382. 
Mulcahy, Thomas A., 356. 
Murray, Archibald, 279. 
Mynter, Herman, 292. 
Nagle, James F., 374. 
O'Brien, Michael C., 216. 
O'Connor, Charles G., 153. 
O'Dwyer, Joseph, 261. 
O'Gorman, Francis M., 358. 
O'Reilly, John J. A., 366. 
Oppenheimer, Seymour, 376. 
Orton, John G., 21. 
Osgood, Alfred T., 184. 
Otis, Fessenden N., 462. 
Otto, Jacob S., 303. 
Packard, Maurice, 189. 
Palmer, Edmund J., 344. 
Park, Roswell, 212. 
Park, Roswell, Jr., 35. 
Parker, Edward A., 412. 
Parker, Leo A., 412. 
Parker, Willard, 9. 
Parounagian, Mihran B., 447. 
Peaslee, Edmund R., 16. 
Peters, George A., 458. 
Peterson, Frederick, 164. 
Pfaff, Otto, 315. 
Pfeiffer, William, 154. 
Phelan, Daniel J., 154. 
Phelps, Abel M., 34. 
Phelps, Charles, 27. 
Phillips, Wendell C., 36. 
Pilcher, Lewis S., 32. 
Polk, William M„ 398. 
Post, Alfred C., 11. 
Potter, Irving W., 322. 
Potter, Julius H., 299. 
Potter, William W., 151. 
Pritchard, William B., 195. 
Pryor, John H., 316. 
Purdy, William H., 130. 
Purple, Samuel S., 18. 
Quimby, Adoniram J., 367. 
Quinlan, Francis J., 290. 
Quintard, Edward, 340. 
Reese, Robert G., 132. 
Reilly, Thomas F., 260. 
Renner, William S., 258. 
Reynolds, William H. T., 460. 
Robertson, Victor A., 413. 
Robinson, Beverley, 101. 
Rochester, DeLancey, 125. 
Rochester, Thomas F., 123. 
Roe, John O., 33. 
Roosa, Daniel B. S. J., 29. 
Root, Arthur L„ 89. 
Ryder, George H., 141. 
Sachs, Bernard, 250. 
Sands, Henry B., 460. 
Satterlee, Francis L. R., 379. 
Satterthwaite, Thomas E., 220. 
Sayre, Reginald H., 49. 
Scanlon, William D„ 410. 
Schlapp, Max G., 200. 
Schley, Winfield S., 169. 
Schmidt, Henry E., 405. 
Schreiner, Bernard F., 319. 
Schultze, Ernest C., 126. 
Scribner, James W., 466. 
Shaffer, Newton M., 39. 
Shanahan, Robert E., 446. 
Sheedy, Bryan D. F., 257. 
Sherman, De Witt H., 302. 
Shrady, John, 448. 
Simmons, Williaiu, 149. 
Sinclair, Daniel A. J., 356. 
Slacer, William H., 142. 
Smith, Andrew H., 27. 
Smith, Joseph M., 4. 
Smith, Stephen, 329. 
Smith, Thomas F., 97. 
Sondern, Frederic E., 160. 
Spencer, Thomas, 7. 
Squier, John B., 349. 
Stein, Arthur, 160. 
Stern, Heinrich, 357. 
Stetten, Dewitt, 235. 
Stevens, Alexander H., 5. 
Stewart, George D., 385. 
Stickle, Archibald M., 279. 
Stickle, Charles W., 278. 
Stickler, Joseph W., 472. 
Stimson, Lewis A., 100. 
Stockton, Charles G., 159. 
Stowell, William L., 284. 
Strong, Thomas D., 18. 
Studdiford, William E., 343. 
Sullivan, William E., 446. 
Sweeny, Thompson T., 255. 
Taylor, Henry L., 449. 
Taylor, Isaac E., 8. 
Taylor, Joseph C., 443. 
Taylor, William G., 301. 
Thomas, Theodore G., 455. 
Thompson, William G., 452. 
Thomson, William H., 256. 
Tinker, Martin B., 37. 
Townsend, Wisner R., 437. 
Tucker, Ervin A., 467. 
Tucker, Martin B., 37. 
Tucker, Willis G., 222. 
Ullman, Julius, 52. 
Valentine, Frank, 476. 
Valk, Francis, 287. 
Vander Veer, Albert, 311. 
Vander Veer, Edgar A., 310. 
Vedder, Harmon A., 121. 
Walker, Henry F., 95. 
Walker, John B., 390. 482 
INDEX 
Wallace, Alphonse M„ 477. 
Wallace, Charlton, 85. 
Wallace, William B„ 477. 
Walsh, James J., 132. 
Wandless, Henry W., 361. 
Ward, Samuel B., 30. 
Ware, Edward J., 121. 
Warren, Nathan A., 127. 
Waters, Bertram H., 454. 
Weir, Robert F., 350. 
Wende, Ernest, 116. 
Wende, Grover W., 119. 
West, Frank E., 363. 
White, Alfred W., 258. 
White, James P., 325. 
White, John B., 45. 
Whitehouse, Henry H., 360, 
Wiener, Richard G., 123. 
Wilcox, Reynolds W., 266. 
Williams, Herbert U., 317. 
Wilson, Nelson W., 320. 
Woehnertv Albert E., 310. 
Wood, Isaac, 7. 
Wood, John S., 411. 
Woodward, Julius H., 190. 
Wright, Thew, 315. 
Wyckoff, Cornelius C., 99. 
Wyeth, John A., 369. 
Young, John V. D„ 206. 
Note.-All biographical matter has been submitted to persons in interest for 
revision.