A SHORT ACCOUNT OP TIIE MOTIVE-POWER OE MAN' TOGETHER WITH THE SYMPTOMS AND TREATMEMT OP DISEASE. BY E. A. CllENSIIAW, M. D. YORKVILLE, 8. C. : ntlNTED AT THE CHRONICLE OFFICE 1857. PREFACE. TIIE following Treatise was at first prepared for, and published in numbers, in the “York District Chronicle.” I afterwards determined to publish the same in pamphlet form. The object aimed at in this short Treatise, is, to show that the living man is an Automaton; or self-mover, by the instrumentality of Electricity, under the directing power of Life, ac- cording to the laws which God has prescribed to nature. And that this power bears its sway over man, and preserves him in a state of health, until some power stronger than this is brought to bear upon him, productive of disease, and death. Further. That when the citadel of health, and life is assaulted by disease, that then, there is a want of balance in the two currents of electricity; and that this may be known at any time, by means of pressure along the spine ; and the character, and location of the diseased action may be invariably known, and pointed out thereby; together with appropriate treat- ment, by which to regain an equilibrium between the currents, to the restoration of perfect health in all the curable cases. E. A. C. A A I M A L MOTION, « having innumerable minute glands, with ducts open- ing on the surfaces of these membranes. These all secrete a watery fluid, which serves to moisten these surfaces at all times, in health. On turning our attention to the membranes,which line the inside of the body and organs ; these (with some modifications) are the same in structure, as are the serous membranes; having a villous coat, instead of a serous surface. Ho also, of the whole tract of the alimentary canal, including the mouth, oesopha- gus, stomach, and intestines; so also, of the internal part of every organ in the human body, even the ven- tricles of the brain. This villous coat, or mucus membrane, has innumerable glands, which glands have arteries, veins and ducts, with orifices opening ou this villous surface. There are also many small cavities, and follicles, opening on this surface, which contain a semi-fluid, or mucus substance which is- sues from them, and spreads upon these membrane- ous surfaces. Here we have in the animal man, Uvo different kinds of surfaces, disposed in tico different ways, and co- vered with two different kinds of fluids. The Phil- osopher can not fail, here to see in this arrangement of things, an evident design on the part of the God of nature, in thus ordering, and so disposing these dif- ferent parts, to answer an important and inalionablo end. It is ascertained, that the excretions from the skin, and all the serous membranes, are more or less acid\ and that the excretions from all the mucus mem- branes, are more or less alkaline. The acid is ascer- tained to bo muriatic acid, and the alkali is found to be soda, and muriate of soda, or, common salt. The acids, and alkalies, possess directly opposite proper- ties, yet, these have the strongest affinities for each other, and are universally diffused in all the earth, as well as in the animal, and vegetable kingdoms of nature. The acids and the alkalies constitute two great, and principal divisions of matter, in all the world. The 1VO. 1. THE forces elicited from different kinds of matter, and known to the learned by the name of Electricity, Magnetism, and Galvanism, are now believed by sci- entific men to be the same thing ; their effects being only varied by common causes : and there can be no doubt, that those forces are innate in every kind of matter, either in an organized, or unorganized, state; in quantities proportioned to the density of matter, or other ability to retain thorn: the quantity obtain- ed from one drop of water having been found suffi- cient to put a small battery in motion. The phenomena which constitutes animal life, has always been apuzzlo to the wise men of this world. Nor science, nor speculation has enabled them, even to approximate with accuracy, the subtile principles which are the springs of motion; and which regulate the actions of animal life. Yet the Philosopher en- tertains not a doubt, that these actions are depend- ent on laws, as diffusive, and as comprehensive in character, as are those of gravttation, electricity, magnetism, &c. Wo are told by the Author of life, that “God breathed into man the breath of life, [or lives] and man became a living soul,” so that, “ in the beginning” matter was first organized, and life was superadded by God himself; and thenceforward all nature became obedient to the law Avhicli God proclaimed; and all the motion which we behold in man, is but obedience to fixed law, as unchangeable as is God himself. On surveying the human body, we find it covered with a complex structure, called the skin; having minute rounded bodies, called papilary glands; or- ganized, having minute arteries, and veins in their structure. These have also minute ducts, with orifi- ces opening on the surface of the skin. On exami- nation of the internal organs, viz :—the brain, eyes, stomach, cystis, uterus, kidneys, pancreas, liver, spleen, lungs, heart, and intestines, we find them all covered with a sort of skin, or, setahis membrane, 4 acid is called negative matter; and the alkali is called positive matter. Each of these different kinds of mat- ter, constantly gives out an inherent, and different hind of force: The alkaline, or positive matter, gives out the negative force; andjthe acidified, or negative matter, gives out the positive force. The internal surfaces of the body, and organs, are constantly— (when in health)—giving out the negative force; and the external surfaces of the body, and organs, (in health) are constantly giving out the positive force. The whole is a most perfect model of an electric bat- tery. It is known, that there are in the human body, four hupdred and thirty-six muscles, called into action, in order to motion in all its parts : these are the flex- ors, and extensors ; for in every motion there is flex- ion, and extension ; and of consequence, there is a contraction, and a corresponding expansion in the muscles concerned ; and thus motion is produred, by the simultaneous action of these pairs of muscles, and not otherwise. Each one of these four hundred and thirty six mus- cles, which are called into requisition in animal mo- tion, is covered with membranes, having two sur- faces ; the opter surface is serous ; the inner surface is a mucus one; the serous surface excretes a watery Substance, and the mucus surface excretes a slimy substance; hence their membranes are called muco- serous membranes. Their surfaces are at all times, (in health) covered with different kinds : viz:—pos- itive , and negative forces—electricity. This arrangement of surfaces in the human body, corresponds with that of the two metalic surfaces of a Galvanic battery; and the forces thus maintained on these membranous surfaces, correspond with those maintained on the different surfaces of a bat- tery. The two electric forces, are conducted from the two metalic surfaces, (the copper and the zinc) to the poles of the electric battery ; by two metalic wires. In man the two forces arc conducted to tho brain, by menans of the nerves, from all the surfaces of the human body. These forces are conducted from the skin, and membranous surfaces, and concentrated in the brain, to form/>ofcs; or, a motive-power, in con- junction with, and subservient to the motive power Life ; to give to man his motion, in conception, per- fection, and decline, convolutions are regular, and constant to on? design; yet different in the different hemispheres. The one • is the positive, the other is the negative hemisphere; just as the copper and zinc surfaces in a galvanic battery are. The under surface of the brain is also a complicated structure, surrounded by convolutions. On removing a section of this under surface horizon- tally, there are seen vegetative radiations, from the centre of both lobes of the little brain : radiations al- so extend from the third ventricle. Other radiations are also seen at the front part of the brain, couver- ging to centres, At another dissection of the brain, arc seen radiations from the third ventricle, into the spbstanceof the brain; and along the medulla oblon- gate, and spinal cord, and the convolutions in the front part of the cerebrum ; these radiations are seen to converge to centres also. By dissections, radia- tions are seen extending along the spinal nerves, which are connected with the internal organs. In a vertical seotion of the entire brain, so as to expose the left side of the cavity of the third ventri- cle, radiations are seen to extend from the surface of the ventricle, into the substanoe of the brain ; and here in the central part of the brain is a blueish-white color; and in the convolutions is a reddish-grey color; Both of which colors indicate the presence of iron in the parts, It is found also, that in forty (40) men, there is iron enough, to make a plough-share. And, inasmuch ns there is ten, or eleven times morebiood, (which is colored red with iron) thrown to the brain in any given time, than is thrown to any other part of the same size, it evinces an amount of iron always present there (in health) sufficient to maintain mag- netic poles. It is found, that the human brain has five magnet- ic poles, although we are acquainted with only two metalic-magnetic poles. The existence of these five poles, and the laws of magnetic action being known, certain, and unalterable,an obedience to which laws, gives to the skull of man its rounded shape,fas well as the elevations, and depression found in the human skull, indicative of the endless variety of talents, dis positions, or- tioned to the density of tho matter ; or other ability to retain it. The quantity obtained from one single drop of water, being found sufficient to put a small battery in motion. Electricity ; or, Magnetism, in its positive, and negative forces ; is the agent by which all animate nature is putin motion ; the sun, the earth, moon, stars, planets and their satellites are also thereby moved in their orbits, with unerring precei.- ion ; and there is never any motion, without the action of the positive, and negative force? at tho same time. SO. 4. CONCLUSION. The subject of Animal Motion is here re- turned, as a proper conclusion to what hao gone before; in ordor to show the uses to which the foregoing knowledge may be profitably applied. The knowledge of the construction, and of the motive-power of the human body may be applied to two important ends, viz : The disco- very of the presence of disease in the human body, together with its character, and location; and the natural mode of treatment; or, correct remedies adapted to the cure. 1. Of the presence of disease, its character, and location. All the forms of disease inci- dent to man, and which are the outlets of hu- man life, are properly arranged under two clas- ses, viz:—JSerosis, or disease of the serous mem- branes ; and Mncosis, or disease of the mucous membrane in the human body. In any exam- ination for diseased action, the practitioner need only make firm pressure with his finger, or thumb, on each side, and on the whole extent of the spine, or back-bone, from the skull to the coccyx bone; and if there be any degree of pain, or soreness felt under the pressure so made, it is incontrovertible evidence, that dis- eased action is present in the system; and is in character a scrosis. And the location is set- tled by the part of the spine, where the pain, or soreness in pressure is felt. The spinal column, or back-bone, is conve- niently divided for reference into three denom- inations, or parts, viz :—the Cervical, or neck proper, the Dorsal, or back proper; and the Lnmbar, or loin regions. To the Cervical, or neck portion is appropriated the seven upper- most joints or vertebrae; to the Dorsal, or back portion is appropriated the twelve next lower joints; and to the Lumbar, is appropriated the. next and lowest Jive joints, which comprehend the whole column. In the intervetebral spaces, or between each and every one of these joints, the pressure is- to be made, and the pain, or soreness felt on pressure made on the sides of first cervical ver- tebra, indicates tubercula of the head—cere- bellum, cerebrum, membranes of the brain, throat, nose, eyes, or ears. When the same is felt, on pressure on the sides of 2d, 3d, 4th, 5tli, Gth, and 7th cervical, vertebrae, it is indicative of tubercula of the muscles; or, of the vertebrae itself; or, of the joints or the limbs. 7 Wherc the same is felt, on pressure on the sides of the space, between the 7th cervical,or last joint of the neck, and the 1st Dorsal, or back proper,it indicates tubereula of the lungs, or heart. Pain, Ac. on pressure on the right side, indicates disease of the lungs ; and the same on the left side, indicates disease of the heart. Pain, Ac. on pressure between the 1st and 2d Dorsal joints, shows tubereula of the stomach. Pain, Ac. on pressure between 2d and 3d Dorsal joints, shows tubercla of the Duode- num. Pain, Ac. on pressure between 3d and 4th Dorsal joints, shows tubereula of the colon. Pain, Ac. on pressure between 4th and 5th Dorsal joints, shows tubereula of the Pancreas. Pain, Ac. on pressure between 6th and 7th Dorsal joints, shows tubereula of the Omen- tum. Pain, Ac. on pressure on the right side of the space, between the 7th, and 8tli, Dorsal joints, shows tubereula of the liver ; that on the left side shows tubereula of the spleen. Pain, Ac. on pressure between the 8th, and Oth, Dorsal joints, shows tubereula of the di- aphragm. Pain, i&e. on pressure between the Oth, and 10th, Dorsal joints, shows tubereula of the Peritoneum. Pain, Ac. on pressure between the lltli and 12th Dorsal joints, shows tubereula of the small intestines. Pain, Ac. on pressure between the 12th Dor- sal, and the 1st Lumbar joints, shows tuber- cula of the kidneys. Pain, Ac. on pressure between 1st, and 4th, Lumbar joints, shows tubereula of the uterus, ovaria, prostate glands, vesiculm semininales, and testes. Pain, Ac. on pressure between 4th Lumbar joint, and the os-cocyx bone, shows tubereula of the vagina, Ac. When Scrosis, or disease of the serous mem- brane is in the acute, or, active stage, the pain, or soreness on pressure, is acute, or pungent; and is felt also in the organ diseased, as well as under the thumb; but, when it is in the chronic stage, the pain, or soreness, is obtuse, or very little; aud felt uuder the thumb only. Here is shown the natural, and scientific symptoms of this form of disease; and they produced by natural causes, and are invariable. In all the cases of Mucosis, or, disease of the mucus membranes, (as Bronchitis, Ac.) there is an absence of all the above symptoms of sero- sis; and the presence of Mucosis is made known by the exaltation, congestion, and depression of the system, by means of the common, or po- pular symptoms, as are described in the books of systematic writers, already accessible to all persons, and need not bo (here detailed. In the last stage of all scrosis, or disease of the serous membranes, the motion ceases in these organs; or death ensues; when,it is found that these organs arc all enlarged, thickened, or swelled; and their specific gravity is increa- sed. The primary lymphatic glands attached to the organs, with the subsidiary glands in their substance, as also those of the series along the sides of the spine, with their sattelites connect- ed with the organs through the spinal nerves, are tuberculated. This is the cause of the symptoms in scrosis. The frequent changes of the atmosphere, from the positive to the negative, states, and its modifications at the same time by heat, and cold, is a common cause of tuberculos of the or- gans and limbs; because these changes and mo- difications of the atmosphere, produce corres- ponding changes in the positive, and negative states of our bodies; and modifications of the secretions, and excretions. When the organs, or limbs, are tuberculated from this cause, they are more or less sensible to pressure, because it contracts them, and when the pressure made is removed, they expand, and the pain ceases. So, where the atmosphere is damp, and cold, it is in a nega- tive state; and the attractions, and contractions,, arc prevailing over the repulsions and expan- sions; wdien, such patients suffer more pain,and feel more dull, and heavy, than they do when the atmosphere is clear, dry, and in a positive state. "When the atmosphere changes from the positive to the negative state, the body changes at the same time with it, from the posi- tive to the negative state. When attractions, and contractions are present in tuberculated organs, or limbs, dull, and aching pains pre- vail, until the atmosphere changes from the negative, to the positive state, when the pains cease. 2. Of the natural mode of treatment ; or, correct remedies, adapted to the cures. Ac- 8 ding to the laws of motion, by which the living body is governed, —repulsions ex- pand, and attractions contract. If then, an or- gan is increasing in size, the repulsive, and ex- pansive force in the organ, &c. is prevailing o- ver theat tractive, and contractive force. The indication of cure then is, to cause the attract- ive, and contractive force, to prevail over the repulsive, and expansive force; and vice versa. Nature often does this by the changes in the weather, and the seasons of the years. On learning the natural constitution of material things, we find that there are two great divisions in Nature, one of which has a contractive force; and the other has an expansive force; these are the acids and the alkalies. Chlorine, combi- ned with other negative matter, has a strong power of contraction ; whilst soda, united with other positive matter, has a strong power of expansion. The treatment, therefore is, to convey to the tuberculated organs, or limbs, constantly and steadily, a harmless, negative matter, in quan- tities sufficient to make the attractions and con- tractions in the organs, and limbs, prevail over the repulsions, and expansions, and vice versa. And thus cure disease in the first stage,as uni- formly as it is produced, in a very short time. And in a longer, or shorter time, to cure all tho cases which arc within the reach of romedy. As to the choice of individual articles, and the proportions in combinations; physicians are left to exercise their own ingenuity, whilst their Materia Medica comprises only acids, and me- tals, gums and alkalies; an electrical apparatus, and Animal Magnetism, so managed as to e- volve in the proper quantity, when administer- ed, the positive and negative forces, required for the excess or deficit of either in the human body; and thus produce, and maintain an equi- librium between the forces; which equilibrium between these forces will be evinced by an e- quilibrium in the circulation, and nervous ac- tion ; which is a state of health. THE END.