BOTANIC O-ME DIC AL R E C O R D E R-Exira. CATALOGUE OF THE PROFESSORS AND STUDENTS OF THE Bohinico-iikbical College of ©l)io, FOR THE SESSIONS OF 1844-5,1845-6,1846-7. INCORPORATED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF OHIO, WITH UNIVERSITY POWERS AND PRIVILEGES. CINCINNATI, OHIO. PRINTED BY E. SHEPARD, NO. 11 COLUMBIA STREET. 1847. A Charter incorporating the "Literary and Botanico-Medical College of the State of Ohio," with the most plenary University powers, was granted by an act of the Legislature, in March, 1839. since which time its Medical Department-the College of Physicians and Surgeons-has been in suc- cessful operation. It is the oldest Botanico-Medical College in the United States, and its patronage has been encouraging. FACULTY. E. H. STOCKWELL, M. D. Professor of Anatomy and Physiology\ IL AV. HILL, M. D. Professor of Surgery. A. CURTIS, M. D. Professor of the Institutes of Medicine and Theory and Practice. II. F. JOHNSON, M. D. Professor of Materia Medica and Botany. JAMES COURTNEY, M. D. Professor of Obstetrics, and of the Forms of Disease peculiar to Females and Children. JOSEPH BROAVN, M. D. Professor of Chemistry. H. AV. HILL, M. D. Dean. CATALOGUE OF THE STUDENTS FOR THE SESSION OF 1844-5. Names. Residence. James Austin, Ohio. Edward Alden, Maine. V. F. P. Alexander, Mississippi. W. C. Bishop, Alabama. J. G. Brayton, Massachusetts R. W. Biggs, Tennessee. T. J. Bartram. New York. W. S. Cosby, Kentucky. G. II. Chute, Ohio. S. E. Cole, Tennessee. S. E. Carey, Ohio. B. F. Coffin, Ohio. S. II. Cox, Alabama. R. Copeland, Georgia. A. W. Cain, Pennsylvania. J. T. Debow, Alabama. James J. De La Hay, Missouri. William J. Elston, Indiana. C. C. Fuqua, Missouri. William N. Foster, Mississippi. C. C. Glover, Alabama. M. Gorsuch, Ohio. J. C. Gardner, •• Kentucky. Jesse B. Garner, Delaware. 5 Names. Residence. Thomas C. Gale, Tennessee, E. G. Hambleton, New York. William J. Hayes, Tennessee. A. J. Hill, Illinois. D. Evans, Indiana. David Jones, Ohio. W. P. James, Ohio. A. L. Kimbro, Tennessee. B. J. Lamothe, -- France. W. 0. Lauderdale, Mississippi, J. McFarland, Ohio. J. A. Massey, Tennessee. B. G. Miller, Oh io. J. Moriis, Arkansas. J. Mahon, Ohio. Josiah A. Martin, Vermont. . J. W. Norris, Ohio. J. A. Nash, Mississippi. W. N. Percival, Virginia. R. Polk, Ohio. R. M. Prouty, Tennessee. E. Root, New York. J. N. Reynolds, Alabama. J. L. Reat. Alabama. William B. Rezner, Pennsylvan ia. B. W. Royer, •• Tennessee. U. C. Roe, Illinois. J. J. Riddle, Alabama. L. Rall, Ohio. L. Salisbury, New York. E. H. Stockwell, Cincinnati. P. H. Smith, Tennessee. M. S. Spinning, Indiana. E. T. Tibbits, Indiana. J. L. Verser, Tennessee. D. B. Wiggins, Ohio. J. R. Whittemore, Massachusetts. 6 Names. Residence. D. D. Wilson, Indiana. S. F. Walker, Indiana. A. S. Ward, Indiana. E. McKinney, Tennessee. C. McKinney, Tennessee. A. Ehrhart, Pennsylvania. L. Salisbury, New York W. C. Lauderdale, Mississippi. R. Polk, Ohio. J. R. Whittemore, Massachusetts J. McFarland, Ohio. J. A. Martin, Vermont. Alanson Smith, Ohio. H. Alvord, New York. A. Malone, Illinois. J. Mahon, Ohio. H. N. Calloway, Mississippi. Of the above, 64 attended the Winter Course, and 14 the Summer. THE FOLLOWING GENTLEMEN GRADUATED AT THE CLOSE OF THE WINTER SESSION. E. Alden, J. G. Brayton, S. E. Carey, J. T. Debow, C. C. Fugua, W. N. Percival, E. Root, J. N. Reynolds, B. W. Royer, E. H. Stockwell, E. T. Tibbits. 7 THE FOLLOWING GENTLEMEN GRADUATED AT THE CLOSE OF THE SUMMER SESSION. C. McKinney, L. Salisbury, W. C. Lauderdale, R. Polk, J. R. Whittemore, J. McFarland, J. A. Martin. A. Smith. CATALOGUE FOR THE SESSION OF 1845-6. There was no Summer Session during the Summer of 1846 Namk». Rksipkncf. J. P. Abbot, Kentucky. V. F. P. Alexander, Mississippi. Hiram Alvord, Massachusetts. J. A. Applewhite, • Mississippi. Thomas Barbee, Kentucky. William Biggs, M. D. Virginia. Israel Blanchard, New York. J. L. Braffet, Ohio. John Brockman, Missouri. John Y. Butt, Ohio. R. A. Carnahan, -Ohio. J. A. P. Carnahan, Ohio. George T. Ellis, Tennessee. Pierce Fagen, Ohio. Charles A. Foster, New York. Allen Furnas, Indiana. Thomas C. Galye, Tennessee. Matthias T. Gish, Indiana. William H. G:ay, Mississippi. W. E. Games, Virginia. Hiram Harkness, Rhode Island. Wesley Heartsfield/ North Carolina M. W. Hicks, Indiana. 9 Names. Residencf. A. M. Howe, New Hampshire E. G. Hambleton, M. D. '-New York, G. T. Hunter, Tennessee. Alexander P. Johnston, Ohio. A. L. Kimbro, Tennessee. Hiram Lake, Rhode Island. B. J. Lamothe, France. William G. Lancaster, Tennessee. James F. Mahon, Ohio. David Maxwell, jr.,- Mississippi. L. S. Major, Illinois. John Morris, Arkansas. A. Malone, Illinois. A. May, M. D. Ohio. B. D. McClaran, Tennessee. Eckels McKinney, -Kentucky. C. Nagle, Ohio. R. M. Prouty, Tennessee. S. F. Randolph, Tennessee. J. J. Reeves, Georgia. W. B. Rezner, Pennsylvania. H. P. Roberts, Tennessee. B. L. Rozel 1, Mississippi. Charles Roth, Iowa. E. Scofield, Ohio. James P. Scott, Ohio. John S. Slater, Virginia. Granville Smith, Kentucky. John W. Souther, Kentucky. E. H. Stockwell, M. D., Ohio. Anson Sprague, jr., Ohio. William C. Squires, Ohio. Thomas J. Terrell, North Carolina. W. H. Trimble, Tennessee. S. T. Walker, Indiana. Benjamin S. Warren, New Hampshire. Daniel Warren, New Jersey. 10 Name?. Residence. W. C. Whitsitt, North Carolina. D. B. Wiggins, Vermont. Joseph Wood, Ohio. David Young, Ohio. David Young, jr., Pennsylvania. THE FOLLOWING GENTLEMEN GRADUATED AT THE CLOSE OF THE SESSION. V. F. P. Alexander, Thomas Barbee, Israel Blanchard, R. A. Carnahan, E. Fagen, T. C Gayle, H. Harkness, A. M. Howe, A. L. Kimbro, H. Lake, John Morris, A. Malone, R. M. Prouty, W. B. Renzer, S. T. Walker, B. S. Warren, D. B. Wiggins. CATALOGUE FOR THE SESSIONS OF 1846-7. Names. Residence. F. N. Albright, New York Peter Arnoldia, Iowa. I. J. Bartram, Michigan. R. C. Bryan, Georgia. J. W. Booth, Missouri. A. Bryan, ■ Tennessee. S. Carr, Virginia. W. Cox, Tennessee. G. M. Cox (8 weeks), Tennessee. H. H. Chaffee, Pennsylvania. J. N. W. Conn (3 weeks), .... Tennessee. J. H. Carpenter, Indiana. C. Foster, New York. Jacob Ferrill, Virginia. W. E. Games, Virginia. W. A. Greenleaf, Ne w York. R. H. Harrison, Tennessee. J. G. Hatchett, ...... Kentucky. M. W. Hicks, Indiana. B. S. Hardy, North Carolina. A. D. Horsely, Tennessee. S. C. Hicox, Illinois. S. Harroun, • Pennsylvania. S. A. Humphrey, Illinois. W. P. James, Ohio. 12 Names. Residence. C. M. Jones, Virginia. H. Kingsbury, Missouri. B. J. Lamothe, John Laws, William D. Maxson, A. P. Morris, D. Maxwell, B. Morton, ... N. H. Murphy, Paris, France. Delaware. Michigan. Georgia. Mississippi. Maine. North Carolina^ C. Nagle, Ohio. 0. J. Ohagan (2 weeks), North Carolin( A. Purrington, North Carolina J. A. Powers, M. D., Missouri. C. A. Phillips, Michigan. C. C. Rugg, New York. ■ JLLU L/l 1 1 kjLzI J j • • • • • • ' C. W. Reed, Illinois. 0. G. Robbins (3 weeks), Illinois. W. G. Rountree. Mississippi. Austin Rogers (8 weeks,) Ohio. Gilbert Rogers (8 weeks), Ohio. C. 0. Smith, South Carolina. W. N. Stewart, Georgia. J. H. Slate**, Virginia. W. C. Squire, Vermont. J. J. Smith, North Carolina, J. P. Scott, Ohio. J. Sidwell, Ohio. J. Shockey, Ohio. E. B. Southwick, New York. J. W. Terrill (4 weeks), Missouri. J. Towel 1, Tennessee. William Underwood, Pennsylvania. J. B. Vancil, Illinois. C. J. Wood, Tennessee. E. R. Van Horne, New York. W. G. Williams, Mississippi. 13 Names. Residence. Samuel Watson, - Virginia. B. B. Williams, North Carolina. W. M. Williams, North Carolina. E. R. Van Horne, New York. D. Warren, New Jersey. A. Bryan, Tennessee. C. Babbs, Ohio. A. H. Deaver, Missouri. C. M. Jones, Virginia. J. N. Johnson, Indiana. W. W. Kimbro, Mississippi. J. Laws, Delarvare. M. T. C. Lovelace, Georgia. W. B. Renner, Ohio. J. Robinson, Mis issippi. E. R. Van Horne, New York. S. Watson,' Virginia. C. J. Wood, Tennessee. Whitaker. Cincinnati. Of the above, 67 attended the Winter Session, and 14 the Summer Session. THE FOLLOWING GENTLEMEN GRADUATED AT THE CLOSE OF THE WINTER SESSION. F. N. Albi ight, R. C. Bryan, I. J. Bartram, J. H. Carpenter, S. Carr, IL H. Chaffee, C. A. Foster, W. A. Greenleaf, R. H. Harrison, M. W. H cks, 14 B. J. Lamothe, B. Morton, D. Maxwell, N. H. Murphy, W. D. Maxson, C. Nagle, E. Purrington, C. C. Rugg, C. C. Smith, J. H. Slater, William N. Stewart, E. B. Southwick, J. P. Scott, W. C. Squire, William Underwood, D. Warren. THE FOLLOWING GENTLEMEN GRADUATED AT THE CLOSE OF THE SUMMER SESSION. Jasper Robinson, Aljournal Bryan, John Laws, E. R. Van Horne, C. J. Wood, Cicero Lovelace. COURSE OF INSTRUCTION. The Lectures in this Institution commence on the first Monday in November, and continue four months. Each Lecturer will de- liver at least five lectures per week, making in the agsreffate four hundred and eighty lectures. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. DR. STOCKWELL. The Anatomical Department will be well supplied with sub- jects, and very fully illustrated with wet and dry preparations. The means enjoyed by the lecturer on his subject, will enable him to present superior facilities for the accurate and minute study of his branch. Physiology is illustrated with the Manikin, the most wonderful exhibition of art-an instrument, by the aid of which, an amount of knowledge that it once required years to ob- tain, can be communicated in as many weeks. OPERATIVE SURGERY. DR. HILL. The principles of Surgery, in its most improved form, with the. application of the Botanic practice, will be clearly explained, and the every day duty of the surgeon rendered familiar, by the Lec- turer in this Department. As often as practicable, operations are performed in the presence of the class on the living subject; and 16 the whole theory and practice illustrated on the "Cadaver." The elevated character of Prof. IL, as a lecturer and operative surgeon, is already well and extensively known. He is furnished with the most extensive assortment of surgical instruments in the western country, consisting in part of Amputating, Lithotomic, Trephin- ing, Optic, Lithontriptic, &c., &c., all which will be brought to his aid in the illustration of practical surgery. INSTITUTES, THEORY, AND PRACTICE. DR. CURTIS. The system of Practice taught in this Institution, is purely Bo- tanic, based upon correct, scientific principles, and not made up of cullings from any or every souice, without regard to the well es- tablished principles in nature. The true principles of Pathology will be taught, and the various phenomena resulting from the ac- tion of different agents, disturbing the vital force, clearly and familiarly explained ; thus enabling the student to understand the true basis of a rational and scientific course of medication. The character of the Lecturer, and the success that has attended his efforts, for a series of years, in teaching this, and other branches of medicine, is too well known to require further notice. MATERIA MEDICA AND BOTANY. DR. JOHNSON. The Professor in this Department attended his first Course of Lectures in this Institution, in its early life; then in various col- leges in New England, and graduated at Pittsfield, Massachusetts. In the course of time, he was elected Fellow of the Massachusetts Medical Society, Member of the Worcester County Medical Soci- ety, and Member and Fellow of the Association of the Berkshire Medical College. After practicing and studying some six or seven years, he went to Europe, attended a short time the hospitals of London, and spent six months under the instruction of Baron Louis, and his associates, in Paris. (See Rec. Vol. XIV, pp. 351-2, 17 and 361; and Vol. XV, p. 47.) He was treated with much respect and attention, by the principal Physicians and Surgeons in London and Paris, and elected Membre de la Societe d'observation Medw cale. While he has never forgotten the true principles of medical science, as taught him in our College, he has thhs ailiply prepared himself to teach whatever is of any value in the whole circle of "learned quackery," of "absurdity, contradiction, and falsehood." An excellent speaker and writer, even before he commenced the study of medicine, he cannot fail to interest his class With the vast amount of varied learning he possesses. OBSTETRICS AND DISEASES OF FEMALES AND CHILDREN. The instructions in this interesting, important, and much abus- ed department of medical science and practice, will be conducted on the most extensive and liberal scale. The Lecturer having for a number of years been engaged in a widely extended field of med- ical practice, has had the most ample means of making himself master of his department. With a great variety of Foetal prepa- rations, Obstetrical instruments [for exhibition], Charts, Plates, (foe., &c., he is enabled to impart the most extensive practical in- formation to the Student, who wishes to qualify himself for the every day duties of the Accoucheur. DR. COURTNEY. MEDICAL CHEMISTRY. DR. BROWN. No school in the West possesses greater facilities for a thorough acquisition of Chemical knowledge, than our Institution. The Lecturer having devoted the most of his life to lectures on this subject and the construction of Philosophical instruments, has ac- quired almost an absolute control over his apparatus, thus enabling him, at all times, to illustrate his teachings by the most clear and vivid experiments. A splendid assortment of Philosophical instru- ments, Chemical apparatus, and very superior powers of Drawing on the Black Board, enable him to make every lecture practical. PRICE OF TICKETS. Anatomy and Physiology, $15. Surgery, 15. Theory and Practice, 15. Materia Medica and Botany, 15. Obstetrics, Diseases of Women, &c., 15. Chemistry, 15. Matriculation Fee, 5. Graduation Fee, 20. All the Tickets must be taken to constitute a Course. The Diploma will be withheld until all arrearages are paid. Good Boarding can be obtained at from two to three dollars per week. TEXT BOOKS. ANATOMY-Pancoasts, Wistar, Horner, Quain, Bell, Paxton, Wilson, Smith. PHYSIOLOGY-Graham, Carpenter, Dunglison, Richerand, Oliver, Magendie. SURGERY-Gibson, Pancoast, Liston, Cooper, Doane, Velpeau, Castle. THEORY AND PRACTICE-Curtis, Gallup, Worthy, Thom- son, Howard, Mattson, Comfort, Kost. PATHOLOGY-Gallup, Broussais, Williams, Gross. 19 HYGIENE-Graham, Curtis, Bronson, Bell, Dunglison. OBSTETRICS-Curtis, Blundell, Moreau, Ryan, Velpeau. WOMEN AND CHILDREN-Curtis, Eberle, Clark, Church- hill. MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE-Williams, Beck, and others. CHEMISTRY-Turner, Johnson, Comstock, Silliman. BOTANY-Eaton and Wright, Mrs. Lincoln, Comstock. DICTIONARIES-Webster, Hoblyn, Dunglison, Hooper. The Text Books will be consulted authoritatively, as far as they describe disease-the actual condition of parts-or the prepara- tions, but the PRACTICE taught will be on PURELY BOTAN- ICAL PRINCIPLES, rejecting all known poisons. LIBRARY.-Mr. Tutiss Conwell, of Bluffdale, Illinois, has ad- ded five hundred dollars to the library, for the use of students, who can better pay a small sum for keeping it good, than purchase all the books they wish to read. Each of the Professors has also contributed largely to this library, which makes it quite a respec- table department of the facilities for medical instruction, connected with the College. It will now be seen that our Professorships are all filled, and that the facilities in this Institution, for acquiring'a thorough and correct medical education, are most ample in all the departments ; and dissections, operations, illustrations, and experiments, will be conducted in such a manner as to afford all students, both seniors and juniors, the best possible accommodations. The friends of Medical Reform are respectfully requested to preserve, and forward to the Anatomical Cabinet of the College, all the interesting specimens of morbid anatomy which they may be able to obtain-and to favor the respective professorships with books, maps, diagrams, paintings, and any useful preparations calculated to facilitate illustrative teaching in the various depart- ments. NOTICES AND REMARKS. The following are some of the notices of our Institution, from the papers of this city, when its condition and prospects were far less favorable than they are at present. The fact that Dr. L'Hom- medieu, of the Gazette, who visited the College, and Dr. Bailey, the Editor and Proprietor of the Herald, are both what are called " regular doctors," renders their just and liberal notices of us, not less honorable to themselves than gratifying to the Professors in this Institution ; and we would add that their voluntary liberality in this particular, gives them a claim to the good wishes and pat- ronage of our numerous readers : From the Cincinnati Gazette of the 25th inst. "OUR MEDICAL SCHOOLS, HOSPITALS, ETC. " Among the numerous city institutions, of different kinds, which we have noticed the past summer and fall, there has been nothing beyond brief references to our medical schools and kin- dred establishments. This omission we propose now to supply, and for reasons of convenience only, begin with the " Botanico-Medical College of Ohio.-On a recent visit to this Institution, comparatively a new one in our City, we were sur- prised to find it in so flourishing a condition as we did. The en- ergy and perseverance of its President, Dr. A. Curtis, we were well acquainted with, but we had not supposed that he had yet so far overcome certain prejudices as to fill his lecture rooms with pupils, and his treatment rooms with patients, which we found to be the ease. "The Botanico-Medical College has a very liberal charter from the Legislature of this State, and is located in the spacious and well known edifice, called the Bazaar, Third street, east of Broad- way. The basement and a portion of the first story of this 21 building, are occupied by the family of the President; besides which, the latter affords accommodations for two Professors' rooms, a receiving room, a medicated vapor bath, and apartments for several female patients. In the second story are a large lec- ture room, a small chemical laboratory, and two rooms for sick families. In the third is another vapor bath, with several rooms for male patients ; and in the fourth is the anatomical and surgical department. The lecture rooms are well furnished with the necessary apparatus, such as maps, charts, cabinets of minerals, and plants, philosophical and chemical apparatus, anatomical and surgical specimens and instruments, diagrams and paintings, that splendid and useful specimen of art, the French Manikin, &c. "The apparatus, though not extensive in quantity, seems well selected as to usefulness and the convenience of the lecturers.- We were particularly pleased with the arrangements and con- veniences of the anatomical and surgical room, which is supplied with an ample variety of specimens, both prepared and fresh, for the illustration of the various subjects of the lecturer. In this department presides Professor H. W. Hill, who is said to be a very thorough anatomist and skillful surgeon, having performed with safety and success, many important and delicate operations. He operates gratuitously on all who submit to the operations before the class. " Into the practical part, called the Infirmary, answering to the Hospitals of other Medical Colleges, we are informed that patients are continually received for the illustration of the teachings peculiar to the Institution, a majority of whom have lost all hope of relief from other sources. The most of these patients are brought before the classes and examined, their diseases pointed out, and the plan of treatment suggested. They are then taken to the rooms and treated accordingly-after which, they are returned frequently to the classes, by whom the results are seen. "Finally, we discovered in the lecture rooms sixty young men who listen daily to five or six lectures, from four different Profes- sors, on all the various branches of Science taught in other Medical Institutions. "The College has only one session per annum, commencing the 22 first Monday in November, and continuing sixteen weeks. The price of all the tickets is ninety-five dollars, and the graduation fee twenty. The attainments required, we were informed, are as high as at other Medical Institutions." From the Cincinnati Herald, " BOTANICO-MEDICAL COLLEGE. ''Madame Trollope's Bazaar has at last been metamorphosed into something which has every appearance of being permanent. The stalls are enclosed for rooms, the hall is made somewhat similar, and occupied as a Lecture room, and the various apartments above are appropriated to useful purposes as a Medical Infirmary; while the basement is converted into suitable rooms for family use- kitchen, dining-room and cellars. This has all been done by the enterprising Dr. A. Curtis, and his associates in the Botanico- Medical College. " The building, with the exception of the lecture rooms, and one or two others which are used by the classes, is occupied as an In- firmary, which is superintended by Dr. Curtis himself. The first floor has several genteel rooms for the sick, who are undergoing a system of Medical treatment. Several rooms on the second floor are used for the same purpose. Many of these rooms are now occupied by patients under the care of Dr. C. Besides these there are two bath rooms-vapor and shower baths. "The lecture rooms of the College are supplied with necessary apparatus. We were present during a part of Dr. Hill's anatomi- cal lecture, last Monday, and were forcibly impressed with his ability as a lecturer. His class numbers about sixty students, from different parts of the country. There are in all, four professors, who lecture during the session, each having his appropriate sphere. We noticed a novel mode of exhibiting diagrams of the various subjects of the lecture. " They are first transferred to glass and then magnified to an increased size, sufficient to be seen in all parts of the room. " The College appears to be in a prosperous condition. " Our City now abounds in facilities for instruction in every variety of medical practice." 23 The above notices of the B. M. College, were taken two years ago, when it had but a temporary residence in the present build- ing. Since last spring, the edifice has been purchased, and will be completely repaired before the next session, with the addition of two large lecture rooms, for chemistry, and anatomy and surgery, and the whole of this extensive and beautiful structure, is now devoted to the various uses of the College and its Professors, the Infirmary having been removed to another building. In addition to the above remarks, and other commendations of like character, for which we have not space here, from the press of this city, we will add that almost every class in the College, since the commencement of the Institution, have publicly expressed their warmest approbation of the course of instruction given them, and the ability and faithfulness of the Professors, and we are happy to know that the most talented, the best informed, the most candid and honest, and those possessed of true moral courage, have strict- ly adhered in their practice to the principles taught them ; and they uniformly testify that their success surpasses their most sanguine expectations. While the few who have come for popularity and gain, and have attempted afterwards to get along in practice with- out labor and faithfulness, omitting important parts of their duty and mingling poisons with their medicines, have reaped their just reward, the loss of public confidence, and the business which they sought, and have learned, if late, that " honesty is the best policy," though some may still refuse to practice it. SYNOPSIS OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. HEALTH, DISEASE, AND ITS REMEDIES. A perfect and permanent equilibrium of vital action, or a uni- versal capacity for it, constitutes health or the physiological state. The state of the organs which produces a partial and permanent derangement of this equilibrium, is disease, or the pathological state. 24 The signs of this equilibrium or its derangement are found in the manifestations of the nervous and the sanguiferous systems-■ the brain and the heart, and their dependencies. The variations of these from their normal or physiological actions, constitute the signs or symptoms of disease. The indications of treatment, then, are, 1. To equalize the nervous and circulating action. This is ful- filled by relaxing the whole man and producing counter irritation. The means are lobelia, and other anti-spasmodics, and the bath, hot or cool, as the case may require. 2. To continue this equilibrium for the purpose of disseminating the whole system. This is effected by the steadiness of diffusive and permanent stimulants of rather a relaxing character, as capsi- cum, zingiber, asarum, xanth. frax. eupatorium, perf. chelone glabra, populus tremuloides, hydrastis canadensis, apocynum andro- SEemifolium, leptandra virginica, &c., and a due attention to the warmth of the surface and lower extremities. 3. To restore the tone of the depurated organs. This is effect- ed by proper food in moderate quantities, stimulants, bitter tonics, pure air, and moderate but steady exercise of a character suited to promote the action of every part of the body, and last, and most important than all, a correction of every violation of physiological laws.