■pf'111 -v;^v ;;rf>.-:; .-;; .■ v ■ miA''.-:;-. >..: :■< ; ;■ : -v.- ■________ MANUAL HOMEOPATHIC PRACTICE, FOB THE USE OP FAMILIES AND PRIVATE INDIVIDUALS. A. E. SMALL, A. M., M. D., Professor of Homoeopathic Institutes, Pathology and the Practice of Medicine in the Homoeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, and late Professor of Physiology and Medical Jurisprudence in the same Institution, and formerly one of the Consulting Physicians of the Homoeopathic Hospital in Philadelphia. SIXTH ENLARGED, EDITION. PHILADELPHIA: PUBLISHED BY EADEMAOHER & SHEEK, No. 239 ARCH STREET, 1857. WBK dGZSm \B5>( Entered according to Act of Congress, in the tear 1854, bt Radb- wacher & sheek, in the clerk's office of the district court of thb United States, in and for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. KDfQ * BAIB.D, PRINTERS, 8AN80M STREET, PHIU. CONTENTS. —<♦•— Introduction,...............................................................Page 1 CHAPTER I. 1. Observations on Diet,..................................................... 6 Rules to be observed in the selection of aliments,............ 6 The proper times for eating, &c,................................. 6 Practical remarks,..................................................... 7 Classification of the aliments,....................................... 9 2. Articles of diet that may be allowed when under Homoeopathic treatment,............................................................ 9 Remarks concerning exceptions,................................... 11 3. Articles of diet that may sometimes be allowed,.................. 11 Practical remarks,..................................................... 11 4. Articles of diet that cannot be allowed under Homoeopathio treatment,............................................................... 13 5. Table showing t,he time required for the digestion of some of the prominent aliments,............................................. 14 6. Nutrition table—vegetable and animal,..~.......................... 16 7. Observations on air and exercise,..................................... 17 Simple rules to beobserved........................................ 19 8. Ablutions and bathing,.................................•................. 24 Practical remarks,..................................................... 24 Rules to be observed with reference to bathing,.............. 25 9. Clothing—rules in reference to,....................................... 28 10. Observations on sleep,................................................... 30 Disposition of time, with simple rules, &c,..................... 30 Time required for repose,........................................... 33 11. Observations on occupations and professions,..................... 33 1 5 VI CONTEXTS. CHAPTER II. A General View of the Bodily Organs,............................... 34 1. Digestive organs,........................................................... 34 Mastication and insalivation,....................................... "° Operations of the stomach,.......................................... 'J° " " bile,................................................... 36 " " Pancreatic juice,.................................. °o " " Duodenum, &c..................................... 36 " " Absorbent vessels,............................... 3t 2. Organs of respiration,..................................................... 37 Changes effected in the blood by the function,................ 38 3. Circulatory organs,........................................................ 39 Harmonious operation of digestion, respiration and circu- lation,................................................................. 39 4. Urinary organs—kidneys, bladder and appendages,.............. 40 5. Biliary organs—liver and gall-bladder,............................... 40 The liver a purificatory organ,..................................... 41 6. The nervou9 system—the brain, spinal cord' and appendages, 41 7. Temperaments—definition of,........................................... 44 Sanguine, bilious, nervous, melancholic and mixed,.......... 44 Constitutions and habits............................................. 46 Distinction of moral characteristics,.............................. 46 CHAPTER III. 1. List of remedies—principle of applying them, &c.,................ 47 2. Medicines best adapted to different temperaments, habits, &c, 48 CHAPTER IV. Observations on the Method of noting Diseases,................. 49 1. Examination of patients.................................................. 50 Constitutions—varieties and predispositions,................... 60 Periods of life,.......................................................... 50 2. Special examination of disease,......................................... 55 Rules requiring strict attention,................................... 55 A correct interpretation of facts,.................................. 55 8. Rules for the administration and repetition of remedies,.......... 65 4. The form of medicines designed for domestic use.................. 66 5. Of preserving the purity of medicines,................................ 67 6. Antidotes and changing of medicines,................................. 67 7. External applications,..................................................... 68 8. Remedies acting beneficially after the employment of others, 68 CONTENTS. Vll CHAPTER V. Diseases involvinj the various Organs and their treatment, 69 1. Fevers—General characteristics of,.................................... 69 General classification,.......................................... 70 2. Conditions of treatment in fevers, apartments, diet, &c,........ 71 Simple fever,............................................................ 72 Inflammatory (synochal) fever,.................................... 73 Cause and treatment, ................................................ 74 Nervous fevers—causes and treatment, (slow fever,)........ 76 Putrid fevers—malignant typhus, abdominal typhus, &c.,. 77 Bilious remittent or gastric fevers—causes and treatment,. 87 Intermittent fevers—quotidian, tertian and quartan, &c.,.. 97 Remarks on diet and regimen,..................................... 109 Yellow fever, &c,..................................................... 110 Eruptive fevers,...................................... ................. 118 Nettle rash, hives, urticaria,..................................... 118 Scarlet rash,............................................................ 121 Scarlet fever, scarlatina, three kinds,............................ 123 Measles, rubeola,...................................................... 131 Erysipelas, St. Anthony's fire, rose,............................. 138 Chicken-pox,.............................,............................. 142 Varioloid,................................................................ 143 Small-pox, (variola,)................................................. 143 Arthritic fevers,........................................................ 148 Gout, (arthritis,)...................................................... 148 Rheumatic fever, inflammatory rheumatism, acute do.,... 153 Chronic rheumatism,................................................. 157 Lumbago, pain in the small of the back, neck, &c,......... 159 Rheumatism of the neck, kink of the neck,.................... 100 Sciatic rheumatism, sciatica,....................................... 160 CHAPTER VI. Diseases of the Digestive Organs, or of the Alimentary Canal, 162 1. Diseases of the teeth—toothache, odontalgia,..................... 162 Ulceration of the gums,............................................. 162 2. Quinsy—sore throat, inflammation of tonsils,..................... 166 3. Malignant Quinsy, or putrid sore throat,........................... 172 4. Scurvy, or canker of the mouth, cancrum oris,................... 178 5. Inflammation of the tongue, (glossitis,)............................. 181 6. Mumps, parotitis,......................................................... 183 7. Affections of the stomach,.............................................. 184 VU1 CONTENTS. 8. Indigestion, dyspepsia,.................................................. 9. Chronic dyspepsia,....................................................... 10. Bilious or stomachic headache, neuralgic pains, &c,........... 192 Medicines required for the various ages and constitutions, 199 Suffering from dyspepsia, diet, &c................................ 1" 11. Heartburn, waterbrash pyrosis....................................... Z,U1 12. Spasm of the stomach, cardialgia gastralgia,..................... 202 13. Sea-sickness, or from riding in a coach,............................ 208 14. Vomiting of mucus,...................................................... 209 15. Vomiting of blood,........................................................ 210 . 919 16. Constipation, costiveness................................................ **■* 17. Diarrhoea, looseness of the bowels,................................... 219 18. Dysentery, bloody flux,................................................. 226 19. Cholera morbus,......................................................... 231 20. Asiatic cholera—causes and treatment,............................. 235 21. Cholerine,................................................................... 241 22. Colic, Enteralgia,......................................................... 241 Wind colic,.............................................................. 242 Painters' colic,......................................................... 242 23. Flatulency,................................................................. 248 24. Inflammation of the stomach, (gastritis,).......................... 248 25. Inflammation of the bowels, enteritis,............................... 253 26. Chronic inflammation of the bowels,................................. 261 27. Inflammation of the Peritonaeum, (peritonitis,)................... 262 28. Worms, invermination, &c,........................................... 263 29. Itching of the anus,...................................................... 270 30. Determination of blood to the abdomen, ............................ 274 31. Piles or haemorrhoids,................................................... 276 32. Prolapsus ani, protrusion of the intestine,......................... 282 33. Liver complaint,........................................................... 284 34. Acute inflammation of the liver, hepatitis,........................ 284 35. Chronic inflammation of liver,......................................... 289 36. Jaundice, icterus,......................................................... 291 37. Inflammation of the spleen, splenitis,................................ 294 CHAPTER VII. Diseases of the Urinary and Genital Organs,...................... 298 1. Inflammation of the kidneys, (hepatitis,)........................... 298 2. " " bladder, (cystitis,)............................. 301 3. Chronic inflammation of the bladder,................................ 304 Irritability of the bladder........................................... 304 CONTENTS. IX 4. Gravel, stone............................................................... 305 5. Retention of urine,...................................................... 307 6. Difficulty in discharging urine, (strangury,)...,.................. 311 7. Suppression of urine, (anury,)......................................... 314 8. Incontinence of urine,.................................................. 316 9. Wetting the bed, nocturnal eneuresis,............................... 318 10. Immoderate secretion of urine, (diabetes,)......................... 319 11. Haemorrhage with the urine, (haematuria,)........................ 323 12. Inflammation of the urethra, clap, gleet, &c,..................... 327 13. " " glans, penis, balanitis, &c,.................. 331 14. Swelled testicle, inflammation of the testes,........................ 334 15. Dropsy of the scrotum, (hydrocele,)................................. 334 16. Venereal disease, syphilis, &c,....................................... 334 CHAPTER VIII. Diseases of the Skin, Cutaneous Affections,........................ 338 1. Boil, furunculus,........................................................ 338 2. Carbuncle, anthrax, &c,................................................ 340 3. Chilblains,.................................................................. 342 4. Corns........................................................................ 344 5. Abscesses, lymphatic tumours, diseases of the conglobate glands,................................................................ 345 Chronic abscess, scrofula, &c,....................... ............. 6. Itch, scabies psora,....................................................... 350 7. Whitlow, panaris, &c..................................................... 35? 8. Itching of the skin, prurigo,........................................... 355 9. Ringworm,.................................................................. 3517 10. Ringworm of the scalp,.................................................. 358 11. Ulcers........................................................................ 362 12. Hives or rash in children,.............................................. 368 CHAPTER IX. Organs of Respiration and their Diseases,.......................... 368 1. General description of the organs of respiration,................. 368 2. Diseases of the respiratory organs, general remarks,........... 376 3. Of colds in general,...................................................... 378 4. Cold in the head, coryza,............................................... 379 Loss of taste and smell,.............................................. 5. Cold on the chest, catarrhal fever,.................................... 385 6. Tussis, cough,...., ........................................................ 393 7. Hoarseness raucitas,...................................................... 401 8. Laryngitis, acute,......................................................... 404 1* X CONTENTS. 9. Croup, (cyanche laryngitis, cyanchu trachietis.)................. '14 10. Asthma of Millar,......................................................... '-1 11. Throat consumption, chronic inflammation of larynx.......... 424 12. Pharyngitis, inflammation ofthe pharynx, common sore throat, 430 13. Simple inflammation of the throat,................................... 431 14. Common sore throat, Quinsy,.......................................... 432 15. Chronic diseases of the pharynx, chronic sore throat,........... 437 16. Hooping cough,............................................................ 442 17. Bronchitis, Influenza, grippe,.......................................... 447 18. Inflammation ofthe lungs, lung fever, pneumonia,.............. 450 19. Spurious pneumonia, peripneumonia,............................... 455 20. Typhoid or congestive pneumonia.................................... 456 21. Pleurisy...................................................................... 458 22. Asthma,...................................................................... 461 23. Determination of blood to the chest,................................. 466 24. Spitting of blood, haemoptisis,......................................... 468 25. Consumption of the lungs, phthisis1 pulmonalis,.................. 473 CHAPTER X. Diseases of the Circulatory Apparatus,............................... 482 1. Angina Pectoris,.......................................................... 482 2. Inflammation ofthe pericardium, pericarditis..................... 485 3. " of the lining membrane of the heart,.............. 489 4. Carditis, inflammation of the heart,................................. 493 5. Anuerism of the Aorta.................................................. 495 6. Inflammation ofthe Arteries,.......................................... 496 7. Inflammation of the veins............................................... 496 CHAPTER XL Diseases of the Nervous System, including the Brain and Spinal Cord. 1. Rush of blood to the nead,............................................. 497 2. Inflammation of the brain, (brain fever,).......................... 501 3. Apoplexy,................................................................... 507 4. Acute inflammation of the spinal cord and its membranes,.... 511 - 5. Chronic " " " " coverings,...... 513 6. Palsy, (paralysis,)........................................................ 516 7. Tetanus, (spasm,) ........................................................ 517 8. Delirium tremens, (mania e potu,)................................... 521 9. Epilepsy, (fits,)............................................................ 524 10. Neuralgia, (nerve pain, face ache, tic doloreux,)................ 530 11. Chorea, (St. Vitus' dance,)............................................. 532 CONTENTS. X3 12. Stammering,................................................................ 532 13. Headache, (cephalagia, hemicranea,)............................... 535 14. Sick headache,............................................................ 538 15. Giddiness, (vertigo,)................................................... 538 16. Weakness or loss of memory,.......................................... 538 CHAPTER XII. Diseases involving various Organs and Regions. 1 Inflammation of the psoas muscle, (psoitis,)....................... 539 2. Pain in the hip, hip gout, rheumatism of the hip,............... 540 3. Affections of the knee,................................................... 544 4. " organs of sense,..................................... 545 Diseases of the eyes,................................................. 545 Stye—Hordeolum,...................................................... 547 Inflammation of the eye, (iritis,)................................. 548 Rheumatism affecting the eyes,.................................... 549 Gout " " ...................................... 550 Scrofulous sore eyes, scrofulous opthalmia,.................... 551 Catarrhal inflammation of the eyes,............................... 553 Syphilitic sore eyes,...................................• .............. 553 Gonorrhoeal inflammation of the eyes,........................... 553 Cataract,.................................................................. 554 Specks on the cornea, opacity ofthe cornea,................... 554 Squinting, strabismus,................................................ 554 Weeping or watery eye,.............................................. 554 Bloodshot eyes,......................................................... 555 Short or near-sightedness, (myopia,)............................. 555 Attacks of blindness................................................... 556 5. Inflammation of the ear, (earache,).................................. 556 Running of the ears, (otorrhoaa,)................................. 558 Suppression ofthe discharge from the ear,..................... 559 Deafness, hardness of hearing, (dysecoia,)..................... 559 Buzzing or noises in the ear,....................................... 560 6. Bleeding at the nose, (epistaxis,)..................................... 561 Swelling of the nose,................................................. 563 Baldness or loss of hair.............................................. 565 Dandruff,................................................................ 566 7. Offensive breath,......................................................... 566 8. Cramps in the legs,...................................................... 567 9. Goitre, (Derbyshire neck,)...........i...........................•..... 567 Sweating feet,.........•................................................. 568 Xll CONTENTS. 10. Sleeplessness, (vigilance, agrypina,.................................. Nightmare, (incubus,)............................................... ' 11. Rupture, (hernia,)........................................................ 572 Strangulated hernia,................................................. 12. Fainting, (syncope, swooning,)........................................ 5<4 13. Pain in the loins, (notalgia,)........................................... 14. Dropsy,..................................................................... 676 Anasarca,.............................................................. "77 Dropsy of the abdomen, (ascites,)............................... 580 " " chest, (hydrothorax,)............................ 582 " " brain, (hydrocephalus,)......................... 584 Acute dropsy ofthe brain,.......................................... 584 Chronic " " " .......................................... 586 Dropsy ofthe testicle, (hydrocele,)............................... 591 " " womb, (hydrometra,)............................... 591 CHAPTER XIII. Casualties. Concussions, wounds, dislocations, bruises, sprains, fractures, &c.,. 592 Sprains,.............................................................................. 594 Strains,............................................................................... 595 Wounds,.............................................................................. 595 " lacerated,................................................................ 598 " contused, and bruises,................................................ 599 " punctured,............................................................... 600 " gunshot,.................................................................. 601 " poisoned................................................................. 602 Dislocation, luxations,........................................................... 603 Fractures,.......................................................................... 603 Burns and scalds,.................................................................. 605 Exposure to heat, (overheating,).............................................. 607 Stings of insects,................................................................... 608 Fatigue,.............................................................................. 609 Apparent death, (asphyxia,).................................................... 610 " " fromhunger,.................................................. 610 " " " a fall,.................................................... 610 " " *' suffocation, hanging or choking,.................. 611 " " " lightning,............................................... 611 " " " drowning,............................................... 612 " " " cold or being frozen,................................. 613 " " " noxious vapours>....................,................. 614 CONTENTS. Xlll Hydrophobia,.................................................................... 614 Mental emotion..................................................................... 618 CHAPTER XIV. Women and their Diseases, or, Diseases of Women. Menstruation,...................................................................... 621 " obstructed, (delay of the first menses,).................... 622 Chlorosis, (greensickness,).................................................... 623 Tardy menstruation,.............................................................. 625 Suppression ofthe menses, (amenorrhoea,)................................. 627 Menstruation too soon or too frequent,...................................... 631 " " profuse,....................................................... 632 " " painful, (menstrual colic,................................ 634 Cessation ofthe menses, (change of life,)................................... 635 Hysterics, (hysteria,)............................................................. 638 Leucorrhoea, (whites,)........................................................... 641 Falling ofthe womb, (prolapsus uteri,)..................................... 643 Swelling of the womb, (physometra,)........................................ 647 Dropsy of " (hydrometra,)........................................ 648 Inflammation ofthe ovaries, (ovaritis,)...................................... 653 Dropsy, " " ...................................... 656 Inflammation ofthe labia and vagina,....................................... 656 Pregnancy,.......................................................................... 657 Exercise during pregnancy,..................................................... 658 Dress " " ..................................................... 659 Care of health...................................................................... 660 Ofthe mental habits,............................................................. 660 Continued menstruation during pregnancy,................................ 663 Vertigo and headache,........................................................... 664 Morning sickness,................................................................. 666 Constipation,........................................................................ 667 Diarrhoea,........................... ............................................... 667 Itchings, (pruritus,).............................................................. 668 Fainting and hysteric fits,...................................................... 669 Toothache during pregnancy,.................................................. 670 Pains in the back and side during pregnancy,............................. 670 Cramps, during pregnancy,..................................................... 671 Incontinence of urine,............................................................ 671 Haemorrhoids or piles,........................................................... 671 Swelling of the veins, varicose veins......................................... 672 Depression of spirits,............................................................. 673 XIV CONTENTS. Flooding, (menorrhagia,).................................................... Miscarriage, (abortion,). /■on Oare ofthe breasts and nipples before confinement,..................... _ „ , . ................... 681 False pains,........................................................... Childbirth, labor, parturition,............................................... „ . . . , ' .............. 684 Protracted labors,......................................................... Cramps, convulsions, spasmodic pains,...................................... Treatment after delivery,........................................................ Flooding " " ........................................................ 687 After pains,......................................................................... Remarks after delivery,.......................................................... Of the lochia,....................................................................... 689 Coming ofthe milk, milk fever,................................................ 691 Suppression of the milk,......................................................... ^92 Excessive secretion of milk,.................................................... 092 Diarrhoea,........................................................................... 693 Constipation,........................................................................ 693 Retention of urine, or painful urination,.................................... 694 Sore nipples,.........................................•.............................. 094 Gathered breasts, abscess in the breasts,................................... 695 Falling off of the hair,........................................................... 696 CHAPTER XV. Diseases of New Born Infants and Young Children. Introductory remarks,........................................................... 696 Treatment of the child, immediately after birth........................... 697 Apparent death of new born infants, (asphyxia,)......................... 698 Swelling of the head, (blood spots,).......................................... 700 Of the meconium,............................................................•..... 700 Of nursing,......................................................................... 701 Obstacles to nursing,............................................................ 702 Mental emotions affecting the milk,.......................................... 703 Deficiency or suppression of the secretion of milk,...................... 703 Deterioration of the quality of the milk,.................................... 704 Treatment of mothers who do not nurse their children,................. 704 The choice of a nurse,.......................................................... 705 Diet during nursing,............................................................ 706 Supplementary diet of infants,............................................... 707 Weaning, or period of suckling,.............................................. 709 Sleep,................................................................................. 710 Exercise,............................................................................ 711 CONTENTS. XV Maternal marks, (neavi)........................................................ 7:4 Deformities, monstrosities, &c................................................. 714 Cyanosis, (blue disease,)........................................................ 715 Rupture, (Hernia,)............................................................... 715 Sore eyes, (opthalmia neonatorum,)............................. ......... 716 Crying,............................................................................... 716 Sleeplessness,....................................................................... 718 Regurgitation of milk,........................................................... 71 ; Obstruction of the nose, coryza, cold in the head,........................ 71-' Inflammation of the eyes,...................................................... "20 Apthae, or thrush,................................................................. 721 Excoriation, intertrigo,.......................................................... 722 The gum,............................................................................. 722 Heut spots, prickly heat,...................................................... 723 Scruf in the head,................................................................. 723 Soreness behind the ears,....................................................... 724 Milk crust,......................................................................... 724 Erysipelas, (induration of the skin,)......................................... 725 Running from the ears, abscess in the ear,................................. 727 Rupture of the navel, umbilical hernia,..................................... 727 Soreness of the navel,............................................................ 728 Swelling of the breasts of infants, ........................................... 728 White discharge from the private parts, (leucorrhoea,).................. 729 Inflammation ofthe private parts, (inflammation ofthe labia,)....... 729 Itchings and burnings in the private parts, (pruritus,)................. 729 Inflammation of the foreskin, swelling of the prepuce, (phimosis,).. 730 Retention of urine, scanty and painful urination,........................ 730 Wetting the bed, nocturnal urination,....................................... 730 Discharge of blood from the anus or rectum,............................... 731 Jaundice,............................................................................ 731 Constipation,....................................................................... 732 Diarrhoea,........................................................................... 732 Summer Complaint, (cholera infantum,).................................... 734 Colic,................................................................................. 736 Infantile remittent fever,....................................................... 737 Spasms or convulsions,.......................................................... 739 Lock jaw,........................................................................... 742 Spasms in the chest, (spasmodic asthma.).................................. 743 Asthma of Millar,......................'........................................... 743 Hiccough,........................................................................... 745 Loss of flesh, (atrophy, marasmus,)......................................... 745 XVI CONTENTS. Head fall,........................................................................... Dentition,........................................................................... ro . ' .................. 749 Weaning,................................................................ „ . *'. .................... 750 Vaccination,.........................»......................... ....... CHAPTER XVI. Range of use of the more Prominent Remedies used in this Work. 75'.? 1. Aconitum,................................................................••• 755 2. Arnica montana,.......................................................... ' 3. Arsenicum album,...................................................... '"' 4. Belladonna,........................................................ ....... 759 5. Bryonia,..................................................................... 76'2 6. Calcarea carbonica,......................................•................ 764 7. Carbo vegetabilis,......................................................... 766 8. Chamomilla,..........................................>..................... 767 9. Cina........................................................................... 77° 10. Coffea cruda................................................................ 771 11. Colocynthis,................................................................ 772 12. Drosera...................................................................... 772 13. Dulcamara,............................................. ................... 773 14. Heleborus niger,........................................................... 774 15. Hepar sulphuris calcis,................................................. 774 16. Hyoscyamus niger........................................................ 775 17. Ignatia amara.............................................................. 776 18. Ipecacuanha,............................................................... 777 19. Lycopodium,................................................................ 778 20. Mercurius vivus,.......................................................... 779 21. Nux vomica,............................................................... 781 22. Opium,....................................................................... 783 23. Phosphorus,............................................................... 785 24. Pulsatilla.................................................................... 786 25. Rhus tox.,.................................................................. 787 26. Sepia succus............................................................... 788 27. Silicea,...................................................................... 790 28. Spongia tosta,.............................................................. 791 29. Sulphur,..................................................................... 79U 30. Tartar emetic,............................................................. 794 81. Veratrum album,.......................................................... 795 Appendix.—Scrofula,............................................................ 797 Tetter............................................................... 782 List of remedies, their antidotes, English and German names, 806 PREFACE. In offering to the public the following Manual of Homoeopathic Practice, the author is by no means unmindful of the responsibility he has incurred. For more than half a century the science of Homoeopathia has been gaining access to the more intelligent and reflecting classes of the community—and did not his convictions assure him of its entire truth and its perfect and satisfactory reliability, he would shudder at the thought of offering such a work as this to a patronizing people; and, moreover, he would lament that others of a like character had preceded this. But, without a shadow of doubt of the truthfulness of Homoeopathy, and its adaptation to the wants of mankind, he hesitates not to add something to the stock of popular knowledge upon the subject. The Manual of Homoeopathic Practice is herewith offered. It must pass for what it merits. It has been the endeavor of the author to point out, in a systematic way, a useful code of hygienic rules, and an explicit treatment for most of the diseases incident to the human family. It will be perceived that extensive dietetic rules are laid down for general consideration, while at the 2 (xvii) XVlil PREFACE. conclusion of the given treatment for each malady, the specific diet for the case is noted. It is quite likely errors may be found, in this diet arrangement, when an application is made in particular cases; under such circumstances, any particular idiosyncrasies of the patient must be taken into account, as, for instance: some persons have a particular relish for cabbage, while a cracker or other kinds of bread would not be relished at all. When such a patient is sick, the cabbage may not be denied, if still craved, as in health. Numerous cases of this kind may be found, all of which will require an extempore prescription of diet to suit the individual, as well as the case. It will be perceived also that the dose of each remedy is explicitly stated when prescribed. In most cases the medicines are prescribed both in dilutions and globules, and in order to avoid all confusion with regard to the matter, it may be stated that the globules are generally the most convenient and useful form. They are for the most part prescribed to be dissolved in water; but it is proper to remark, that this is the most prefer- able way, but it is not always necessary, nor always to be commended. For convenience sake, powders are often required; when such is the case, about two grains of sugar of milk and three globules may serve to make a powder, and a dose of this kind may be given dry upon the tongue under all circumstances, where any medicine is otherwise prescribed, if preferred in this way—Never PREFACE. XLX the less in acute cases a solution of the medicine in water is considered to be the best. It is better to make no rapid changes from one medicine to another; for this is not generally attended with good results. Those who have an implicit faith in Homoeopathy cannot fail of regarding it the providential means of affording them relief from suffering, and when a remedy is taken, it is with a confident reliance, that induces the patient to wait a sufficient length of time to obtain its legitimate effects; and to those who have less faith in the practice, we would caution to exercise patience and make a fair and critical trial of the remedies as prescribed. Many of the diseases described, and the mode of treatment given, have been the result of the author's experience; others have been taken from reliable sources, and put into form, so as to obviate confusion where ever the manual is used; and it is believed that the work will give positive satisfaction where ever it is put to a practical test. The object having been to impart information in popular language a glossary of medical terms has been deemed unnecessary and is therefore omitted. For the sake of plainness, the most common names of the various diseases have been given, as well as those per- taining to the same in nosological works. The work has been divided into chapters, so as to XX PREFACE. preserve a distinctness of classification favourable to the design of the book. Constant reference has been had in the preparation of this Manual to what is of the most positively practical value. With the hope that the book will fulfil its design and answer the requirements of the lay-practitioner as well as the novitiate members of the profession, if not, the more experienced practitioners, and, also, that it may tend to disseminate the true idea of disease and its treatment, and prove a source of benefit to the human race, the work is commended for careful perusal. It is the sincere desire of the author that it may prove acceptable and useful. INTEODUCTION. The modern achievements of science, are fast ridding the world of that exclusiveness which has so long been upheld and practised in the medical profession; and light begins to break in from all directions, enlightening society in general upon such matters, as really pertain to the solid comforts of life. It is obvious that medicine has not kept pace with other improvements since the revival of learning; and the reason is, the medical profession has labored to impress its patrons with the idea, that no one should study medicine except those who intend to follow it as a calling. For a long time it was thought that the honor and dignity of the profession required this course ; that it would prove ruinous to its interests, and the interests of mankind, to make medical learning so plain and accessible that all classes of society might study it; and the. consequence has been, the stifling of medicine itself, because kept in worse than Mahomedan seclusion.— There has not been that free strife for advancement, that usually characterizes those who lead the van of the intelligent classes in the community—there has been indolence, bigotry and intolerance hoarded up among the few, under the idea that the ignorance of the com- munity did not render it necessary for them to strive for new attainments;—but that time has passed away; and the patrons as well as the profession of medicine itself seem disposed to inform themselves about the matter, 2 m 2 INTRODUCTION. and the result is, new life is being instilled into the profession, and every effort consistent with reason and common sense is being made to promote its correspond- ing advancement; for is it not evident that it only requires that the patrons of medicine should be kept in ignorance, in order that its condition should remain stationary? But let the people become intelligent about the matter—yea, as intelligent as books can make them, and then the profession must start; it must advance or sink into insignificance. A school master cares about knowing but little when his pupils are ignorant,—place him over a class of intelligent pupils, and he wakes up; he strives for advancement. Therefore it may be said to the public, if a good intelligent class of physicians is desired, the people must inform themselves as correctly as possible concerning the very matters they are to preside over, and then they will be upon the lookout to keep themselves a little ahead of their customers; this is the only apology for offering another domestic work on the Homoeopathic Practice of Medicine. It matters not how fast works of the kind multiply, provided they are well calculated to impart proper instruction to those who read them. Frequent objections are urged against Domestic Manuals because they interfere so much with the legiti- mate uses of the profession; but men willing to rest on real worth will hardly offer this complaint, and those who have too much indolence to keep in advance of their patrons in the knowledge and requirements of their own profession, deserve all the obstacles that the intelligence of their patrons can throw in their way. When we look back upon the past to see the mistaken zeal that has been manifest for the honor of medicine. INTRODUCTION. 3 and the disguise and concealment of an art so much needed among men; we have not wondered that authors wrote in a foreign tongue and tried to conceal the nature of their prescriptions. Their strife was not to gain additional knowledge, but to keep away from their patrons what they had. Therefore they wrote their medical disquisitions in an unknown tongue except to themselves ; studied them in the same tongue, carefully prohibiting the promulgation of any of those secrets thus locked up from the common people: was there ever a scheme better calculated to intercept all progress in medicine ? It may be laid down as a settled rule, that intelligence among the masses, will tend to enoble and dignify the learned professions; and the better common people understand medicine the stronger will be the impetus, for the profession to improve, and the same is eminently true of theology and law. There was a time when every branch of human learning was regarded the privilege of a chosen few, but now nearly every branch of science is universally studied and open to all, and we see no reason why the science of anatomy or physiology or any of the collateral branches of medicine, may not be as accessible to all, as any branch of science that tends to ameliorate the condition of the human race. In the present work every effort will be made to avoid all ambiguous terms, and to present a Manual of the Practice of Homoeopathy in plain English : and instead of being governed by the fear, that remedies will be tampered with, an effort will be made to be so explicit, that any one who attentively reads, may be led to adopt a correct course. 4 INTRODUCTION. A brief exposition of disease and its mode of treatment may be regarded as a piece of useful information for every man, woman or child in the community, and in order to facilitate the study, the work will be divided into chap- ters, with the headings rendered palpable and distinct, and moreover every paragraph will be duly marked so as to avoid confusion. In concluding our Introduction we are free to express our regret that so many entertain views adverse to medicine as a popular science. There is certainly no valid reason why valuable knowledge should be confined to a few, while all the rest are taught to wholly neglect it, if not to despise it; and it is a matter of regret, that such futile objections have been raised as the following: " That people who dip into medical knowledge become fanciful and believe themselves afflicted with every disease of which they read." This is certainly a mistake with regard to sensible people, who seldom attempt a mode of procedure until duly informed. To render the most acceptable service to mankind, is to impart to them that kind of knowledge that will aid them in well meant endeavours to eradicate dangerous and hurtful practices; that will tend to extinguish unwarrantable prejudices, and afford security against quacks and impostors, and, lastly, to show what measures are at hand to preserve health, to prevent or cure disease, and to promote in the best manner the humane and benevolent operations of society. CHAPTEE I. OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, &e. 1.—Observations on Diet. It is manifest from observation that health in a great measure depends upon a judicious and well selected diet, that must be regularly supplied, and taken into the system with great care. To prevent disease or promote health is certainly as desirable as to restore it when lost. One of the efficient means of preserving health is a well regulated diet. This can only be brought about by attending to a few simple rules, such as the following: 1. The first consideration that should influence every one is, that he "eats to live" and that he merely requires such aliments as will best promote the general health and strength of the body; he should always con- sult the real wants of the system, instead of the tempo- rary gratification of the appetite. 2. In the selection of food, such articles as may be included among the common aliments, may always be regarded the best, because experience has sanctioned their use. 3. The manner in which food should be cooked in order to preserve its nourishing properties should be attentively studied. 2* (5) 6 OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND 4 The mode of seasoning food should be such as to avoid any unnatural stimulation of the stomach, or such as will tend by any irritating or corroding property to impair its tone. Strong acids, peppers, mustard, and articles of kindred properties, afford no nourishment, and a craving for them only argues some morbid derangement of the appetite, which, if it does not fore- warn the approach of more serious disease, ought to be resisted. The use of such articles ought to be tolerated only in great moderation, and never unless the stomach can receive them without the remotest inconvenience or derangement. 5. The proper times for eating should be established, and regularly observed. It is usual in this country to subsist upon three meals a day, and this from experience has been found amply sufficient to sustain the vigor and tone of the bodily health. It is not merely the taking of three meals a day that is required, but the taking of them in a proper way, and at proper hours, allowing sufficient length of time to elapse between each meal. 6. The exercise of eating should be performed in accordance with the indications of nature. The teeth are the proper organs of mastication, and every particle of food that requires mastication should be subjected to this operation; not a particle, susceptible of being further reduced by the teeth should be taken into the stomach, for it is evident that the economy of the system requires that the teeth should perform faithfully their proper office, without leaving any of their appropriate work to be done in the stomach. It is true that a vigor- ous, healthy stomach will for a time perform a service that in reality should have been performed by the teeth, but it is hazarding considerable to tax this useful organ EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 7 in this way; for when it becomes thus burthened by labor not properly its own, it may refuse to perform any labor at all, and the consequence is a disordered con- dition of the stomach and bowels. 7. There is no practice more to be deplored on the account of the injury which it inflicts than rapid eating ; it is therefore requisite that food should be taken into the system no faster than it can be thoroughly com- minuated by the teeth, and even then it would be better if a short interval were to elapse between the times of supplying the masticatory organs. To the foregoing rules we may append a few practical remarks. It is not best to be confined to any one kind of food a great length of time, for no creature is capable of subsisting on so great a variety of food as man. He inhabits all climates, and is capable of subsisting upon the productions of them all; and if they do not suit the particular tastes which by habit he has acquired, the art of cooking is called into requisition to divest them of disagreeable qualities. The art of cooking is especially designed to prepare food, so that what is crude and hurt- ful may be rendered wholesome and salutary. As much that serves for food is derived from the animal kingdom, and much from the vegetable, it may be regarded unsafe in the present state of the world to be confined to either. Man's habits are such that he requires a mixture, duly adjusted, with regard to the proportion of each. To be confined exclusively to a diet of animal food would fever the system, and sometimes render putrescent the contents of the stomach and bowels; and bring on violent colics, dysenteries, and diarrhoeas. On the other hand, to be confined exclu- sively to a vegetable diet would deteriorate the powers 8 OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND ofthe whole system, unless the habit of being restricted to this kind of diet had been formed from childhood. It is difficult to give any definite directions with regard to the proportion of the two kinds of aliments necessary. It cannot have escaped observation that the laboring man requires more animal food than the seden- tary man, and one that labors in the open air than one in confined apartments. Therefore, we may lay it down as a rule, that a hard laboring man requires animal food at every meal he eats, and the sedentary not so often; not exceeding perhaps once or twice in twenty-four hours. Animal food is a great deal more stimulating than vegetable, and on this account it is prone to give rise to diseased conditions, such as scurvy. We have no better proof of the baneful effects of an exclusively animal diet, or perhaps a diet confined to bread and meat, than what is furnished by scorbutic affections, and it is well known that we have no means of curing the malady, unless the patient is allowed the free use of vegetables.. Perhaps it might be regarded a safe rule to observe, not to eat animal food except with potatoes or other vegetables; there is nothing at all necessary, to fix, with regard to proportion, for this may vary according to circumstances, climate, and weather; less animal food being required in warm weather and warm climates, than in cold weather and cold climates. Certain descriptions of animal food are less to be com- mended than others, and the same remark may be made about certain kinds of vegetable food. Some are more nutritious—some are easier of digestion—some are too stimulating, while others excite unhealthy activities in the system. EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 9 It therefore becomes necessary to classify the aliments in such a way as to facilitate the selecting of those the best adapted for common use, either in sickness or in health. Most of the nutritious aliments taken when in the enjoyment of sound health, may be used as articles of diet when under homoeopathic treatment, provided they are served up without condiments, and are found not to disagree. But in preparing any article of diet for the sick, it should be a settled rule to make no use of any of the condiments except salt, and also, all flavors that savor in the least of a medicinal character should be avoided and let the cooking be of that character, the best calculated to adapt the food for the capacity and wants of the body. 2.—Articles of Diet that may be allowed under Homoeopathic Treatment. Gruel, made of oatmeal, wheat flour, corn starch, farina, powdered crackers, rice, corn meal, sago, tapioca, pearl barley. N Soup or broth, made of the lean of fat mutton, beef, or chicken, to which may be added rice, vermicelli, macca- roni, young peas, pearl barley, or any other farinaceous material, but it must have no seasoning except a moderate quantity of salt. Cooked meats. Broiled beef or mutton steaks, roasted tender loin of beef, roast mutton; roasted or broiled chickens, pigeons, larks, rabbits, venison, reed birds, and quail, may be partaken of in moderation. Cooked fish. Boiled rock fish, trout, smelts, perch, and flounders, may be partaken of in great moderation, pro- vided none of them are found to disagree with the patient. The same kinds of fish fried are not so easy of 10 OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND digestion, nor so well suited for invalids; yet, in some instances where the preference for the fried is very great, it may be partaken of if found to relish and agree with the stomach. Shell ph. Oysters, roasted in the shell, or stewed in a little water, boiled with their liquor and a few crumbs of bread for a few minutes only, are not only nutritious, but easy of digestion. Vegetables. Irish potatoes, sweet potatoes, green peas, French beans, tomatoes, cauliflower, spinach, rice, ho- miny, carrots, and every kind of bean raised in gardens, when young and tender; all kinds of vegetables must be well cooked; potatoes, if boiled, should not remain in the water after being sufficiently cooked, and, if baked, care should be exercised to remove them from the oven when they are done. French beans and peas may be cooked and served up in the gravy of meats, or with butter, or milk instead of butter. Puddings. Made of water crackers, (powdered) and of tapioca, sago, arrow root, corn starch, rice, farina, bread, and even with eggs and milk, merely sweetened with sugar. Bread and cakes. Made of wheat flour, not recently baked, and bread made of the unbolted wheat flour, simple cakes, (composed of flour or meal, eggs, sugar, and good new butter,) sponge cakes and fritters. Eggs. Served up in several ways, by being lightly boiled, poached, or made into custards. Sometimes, when the stomach has been known to reject .almost every form of food, a gruel made of the flour of the yolks of hard boiled eggs has not only proved palatable, but so nutritive as to impart much vigor and strength. Fruit. Eoasted apples, or apples made into sauce, or EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 11 preserved or baked pears, raspberries, strawberries, grapes, plumbs, or any wholesome fruit not of an acid quality fully ripe, prepared in any ofthe usual forms of serving up fruits. Beverages. Water, milk, cocoa, unspiced chocolate, rice water, toast water, (provided the toast is not charred) sugar and water, and any other non-medicinal beverage. Any thing mentioned in the above list that is known to disagree, must not be used. So differently constituted are individuals, that oftentimes, what is one's meat is another's poison, and besides, some people have certain peculiarities that give them an antipathy to some one or more of the most wholesome aliments. Some aliments will in some persons induce a state of disease, owing to certain congenital peculiarities. Any article known to have this effect should be avoided. Any article not relished by a patient on account of some disagreeable sensation it imparts, ought not to be forced upon him. It is impossible to form a regimen free from all excep- tions ; variations will have to be made to suit particular cases, with due reference to the circumstances that sur- round them. 3.—Articles of Diet that may sometimes be allowed under Homoeopathic Treatment. Meats. Ham, veal, tripe, the dark meat of the turkey, and other poultry, (either roasted or boiled.) Fruits. Watermelons, cantelopes, muskmelons, goose- berries, currants, whortleberries, oranges and lemons. Beverages. Tea, coffee, and bromer. It sometimes happens, that individuals have been so long accustomed to a single course of diet, that a depri- vation of it, even when under homoeopathic treatment, proves more injurious than useful. Those who have 12 OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND formed the habit of drinking tea at breakfast and supper, and have never found it to disagree with them, may still be allowed it, when under treatment. Others who have always been accustomed to drink coffee in the morning and have never found it to disagree or produce any departure from sound health, may still be allowed it in moderation, provided they suffer for the want of it. And so with regard to meats, some persons accustomed to eat ham, and always find it to agree with them, need not be deprived of it, unless it is found to derange the stomach. And the same remark is true of veal, tripe, and poultry. As none of the meats can be regarded injurious, only because they are more difficult of digestion, they have no property that interferes with the action of remedies, except the tax they lay upon the organs of digestion, for a little more force. Thus it will appear evident, if the stomach receives them with impunity, and suffers no inconvenience or derangement, they may be allowed; Watermelons, Cantelopes, and Muskmelons have often been allowed in certain febrile diseases with no inconvenience or injury to the patient, and some are led to believe that nature has furnished these watery materials for this purpose. Facts elicited by observation go very far to prove that ripe melons very rarely if ever prove a source of injury or disease when persons are so situated as to enjoy them; the same remark may be made in relation to all ripe fruits. They may be enjoyed with impunity in the season of them; they neither induce disease nor prove an obstacle to a return to health, provided the patient has no ailment that would render them incompa- tible. As fruits and ice cream are so nearly allied, it may be mentioned here, that the latter may very generally be allowed in fevers, provided it is not flavored with any- EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 13 thing of a medicinal property. That flavored with the orange or strawberry is regarded the best, but those base imitations and colorings resorted to for gain, are always to be avoided as pernicious. 4.—Articles of diet that cannot be allowed under Homoeopathic Treatment. Meats. Fat pork, ducks, geese, calves' head, sausages, kidney, and every kind of salted, or fat meat. Soups. Every description of seasoned soups, such as turtle, pepper-pot, and mock-turtle. Fish. Salt codfish, pickled salmon, salt shad and mackerel, eels, smoked herring, and all smoked or fer- mented fish whatever. Shellfish. Crabs, lobsters, clams. Vegetables. Cucumbers, onions, celery, asparagus, greens, cabbage, radishes, parsley, horse-radish, leeks, garlic, and every description of pickles, salads and raw vegetables of every description. Pastry of every description, whether boiled, baked, or fried. All artificial Sauces, such as catsup, pickles, condiments mustard and vinegar; spices, aromatics, distilled and fermented liquors. Rancid cheese and butter. All kinds of nuts, such as chestnuts, filberts, walnuts, almonds, peanuts, cocoa nuts, and all others of a kindred character. 5. Sometimes invalids may be allowed chestnuts, roasted or boiled, but under certain restrictions. There may be some articles in the prohibited list that under certain circumstances may be permitted—and perhaps the regulations of diet as given may be subjected to 14 OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND other modifications. The design of the tables being to point out in a general way the most reasonable course to be pursued, in the absence of direct experience. For the sake of imparting further practical knowledge concerning diet we will now insert what has been ascertained by experiment, with regard to the time required for the digestion of many of the prominent aliments. These results were obtained by experiments made by Doctor Beaumont on St. Martin, who had an opportunity of observing the process through a fistulous opening into the stomach, under such circumstances as enabled him to note very accurately the time required for digesting the aliments noted in the list. h. m. Apples—sweet, raw, digested inl 50 sour, hard, raw, u " 2 50 Barley—boiled, (( " 2 Broiled rock fish, (( " 3 Beans boiled in pod, (( " 2 30 Beans and green corn boiled (suckertash,) If " 3 45 Beef, roasted or boiled, u " 3 Beef, dried or salted, boiled, u " 4 15 Beets, boiled, u " 3 45 Bread made of wheat, (1 " 3 30 Bread made of corn, K " 3 15 Butter, melted, (t " 3 30 Cabbage, raw, (C " 2 50 Cabbage in vinegar, « " 2 Cabbage, boiled, C( " 4 30 Cheese, old and strong, M " 3 30 Chicken, stewed, (( " 2 45 Cod fish, dry, boiled, U « 2 EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 15 Duck, roasted, dige Ea;gs, hard boiled, " soft " « h. m, sted in 4 1 " 3 30 c u 3 " raw, ' t « 2 Goose, wild, roasted, ' ' "2 30 Lamb, broiled, ' 1 " 2 30 Liver, beef's, broiled, ' i u 2 Meat and vegetables, hashed, ' ' " 2 30 Milk, " 2 Mutton, ' i u 3 Oysters, raw, { " 2 55 Oysters, stewed, ' Pork, roasted, ' " 3 30 ' " 5 15 Pork, stewed, ' Potatoes, Irish, boiled, ' i u 3 ' " 3 30 Potatoes, roasted, baked, Eice, boiled, Sago, 1 " 2 30 t u 1 " 1 15 Salmon, salted, ' i u 4 Tapioca, boiled, Tripe, " ' Trout, " ' « « 2 1 " 1 { " 1 30 Turkey, " ' Turnips, " ' Veal, broiled, Venison steak, ' " 3 55 1 " 2 30 ' « 4 ' " 1 35 Although we have in this table the comparative time required for the digestion of the aliments named, yet we are not to be governed by this consideration, but by the nature and quantity of nutritive material which each contains, as well as its adaptation to the wants of the body. A table which affords explicit information as to the 16 OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND time required for the digestion of the various kinds of food, is in some respects valuable as a reference in select- ing a diet for a given case. Nevertheless, an appeal to experience with regard to the particular aliments known to relish the best, and agree the best with the individual, is the criterion, the most to be commended. The relative proportion of nutritious properties of the several kinds of aliment may be interesting to observe; the following table will show the relative amount of nitrogen contained in the aliments named, taken from Carpenter's Physiology. In the table human milk is taken as the standard of comparison.=100. In regard to the nutritious properties of different articles of food, they are to be estimated by the propor- tion of nitrogen they contain. The food of man consists in general of two distinct kinds. 1. That which contributes to the formation of animal heat,—compound of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon; the aliments containing these properties in abundance, are termed non-nitrongenized. 2. That which serves for nutrition, is composed mainly of nitrogen, and termed Nitrogenized or azotized. Nearly all kinds of food may be regarded a mixture of that which produces animal heat, and that which serves for nutrition. 6—Nutrition Table. Vegetable. Eice, 81 Barley, 125 Brown bread, 166 Potatoes, 84 Oats, 138 Peas, 239 Turnips, 106 Wheat bread, 142 Lentils, 276 Eye, 106 Wheat, 119, 144 Mushroom, 289 Maize, 100-125 Carrots, 150 Beans, 320 EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 17 Animal. Human milk, 100 Skate, boiled, 956 Cow's milk, 237 Herring, raw, 910 Oysters, 305 -------boiled, 808 Yolk of eggs, Cheese, 331 305 • ,447- 924 920 Haddock, raw, Eel, raw, 434 --------boiled, 816 ■----boiled, 428 Flounder, raw, 898 Mussel, raw, 570 --------boiled, 954 ------boiled, 663 Pigeon, raw, 756 Ox liver, raw, 570 ------boiled, 827 Pork, ham, raw, 570 Lamb, raw, 833 boiled, 809 Mutton, raw, 773 Salmon, raw, 776 -------boiled, 852 -------boiled, 610 Veal, raw, 873 Portable soup, 764 ---- boiled, 911 White of egg, 845 Beef, raw, 880 Crab, boiled, 859 ----boiled, 941 Skate, raw, 859 Ox lung, 931 7.—Observations on Air and Exercise. It is well known from observation that an ample supply of good food, without the benefit of a pure atmosphere and exercise, avails but little in the way of promoting health. An atmosphere, contaminated with noxious vapors, may frequently prove the source of disease in despite of all the resistance that the best of food and exercise can offer. We respire nearly twenty thousand times in twenty- four hours, and at each inspiration we imbibe a fresh portion of the air, and if this vast quantity possesses in the least degree any deleterious property, is it not evi- dent that the delicate and sensitive tissues of the lungs 3* 18 OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND which it permeates, may become impaired, so as to pour the seeds of disease into the circulation, and thus throughout the whole body? It is by the aid of the atmosphere, that venous blood, which is, in the main, formed, from the food taken into the stomach, becomes changed into arterial, and fitted to perform its use in the body. The atmosphere is com- posed of one part of oxygen and four parts of nitrogen, and a small quantity of carbonic acid. That part, the most essential to life is the oxygen, and if this becomes diminished in quantity, the consequences are fatal, be- cause the proportion of the three elements entering into the composition of the atmosphere cannot be altered in the least, without rendering it totally unfit for respiration. It is therefore of the utmost importance to preserve the air, as nearly as possible, in that condition which promotes healthy respiration. It is at once evident, that this cannot be accomplished except by a thorough sys- tem of ventilation. When several persons are together in a closed room, the air after a while becomes vitiated; by ventilating the room the vitiated air passes out, and permits fresh air to take its place. The apartments of the sick are not to be regarded as exceptions to this rule, for no influence is more needed to facilitate restoration to health than that of fresh air. But every precaution should be exercised to prevent a draught from passing over the patient, or coming in contact with the head or any part of the body. So important is it, that a well digested system of ventilation should be observed in all departments of life, that the study of works upon the subject may be com- mended. A very ingenious apparatus for ventilating confined apartments has been invented by Prof. Espy, EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 19 which has proved of immense service in ventilating our naval ships, as well as public halls, churches, and other resorts, where the people are accustomed to come together in masses. Ventilation should always be had from the top of a room if possible. It is true that it can be had by open- ing a window from the side, but this is liable to an objection on the account of its being difficult to avoid at all times the influence which a draught might occasion by being admitted from the side. This is particularly the case in rooms for public gatherings; and many are the instances where persons, heated and perspiring, in public assemblages, have suddenly had a window opened upon them, admitting a draught of cold air that has made them uncomfortable at the time, and subjected them to serious disease afterwards as the consequence. The tendency of heated air in a room is to rise to the top, while that which is colder sinks to the bottom; therefore it will be seen that ventilation from the top of a room appears to be the most natural way of disposing of a heated and rarified air in the apartments of the sick. Whether in the house, or out of doors, it is incumbent on every one to seek pure air; whether in sickness or in health, he must inevitably suffer without it. Every thing that has a tendency to vitiate or corrupt the atmosphere, ought to be studiously avoided as far as possible, at all times, under all circumstances, and in all places. A few simple rules might aid in securing the blessing of a pure air, when otherwise it might be over- looked or heedlessly disregarded. 1. In sleeping apartments, or in apartments occupied during the day, let everything that has a tendency to deteriorate the air be removed; let them be kept clean and free from filth of every description. 20 OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND 2. In the apartments of the sick, avoid perfumery o\ every description, such as cologne, otto of roses, musk, camphor, scent bags, and everything that modifies in the least degree, the pure, clean, fresh, and invigorating effects of the atmosphere. 3. Always avoid attempting to extinguish one un- pleasant odor by producing another. Some burn linen rags, some pour vinegar upon a hot shovel, others burn aromatic substances, hoping thereby to get rid of some unpleasant odor, but all these practices are pernicious. It is far better to provide for a due supply of fresh air, and if this does not prove sufficient, some disinfecting agent, as a solution of chloride of soda or lime, may have a decided preference. 4. It should always be observed as a rule, not to allow bouquets or flowers in a sick room, for it is manifest, that they soon begin to change after being plucked, and the perfume they then impart has a ten- dency to so corrupt the air as to exert a depressing, and sickening influence upon the patient. The atmosphere is often made the vehicle of convey- ing deleterious matters from bogs, swamps, or marshes, that so diffuse themselves around, as to be the occasion of much disease; therefore, it is well to avoid an atmo- sphere tainted with such miasms as these locations may engender. Damp cellars may corrupt the air of all the apartments of a house. Animal or vegetable decompo- sition will do the same for a whole neighborhood, or region of country, and prove the frequent source of disease and death. Without particularizing further, it may be remarked in general terms, that everything must be avoided that renders the air moist, and damp, or prevents its free EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 21 circulation all about us; the more pure the air, the better. In childhood, it is instinctively craved, because it pro- motes a healthy development of the system. Infants ever delight to be tossed about where they can breathe the invigorating atmosphere. It will be seen from the foregoing that exercise pro- motes health, and particularly when it is indulged in at the same time we are in the enjoyment of pure air. Gentle exercise, and a pure atmosphere, go hand in hand, in preserving man from evil; and, besides, exercise may be regarded the chief condition of animal life. It is exercise that causes the muscle to increase in size, strength, and power, the joints to become flexible and easy of motion; that invigorates the nerves, and imparts to the blood a vigorous movement. It creates a stimulus of demand for food, and brings life and activity to every part of the system. As an example, look at the muscles of the feet of opera dancers, and the muscles of the blacksmith's arm, and behold how strong, healthy and firm they appear. Bodily exercise is required of all, whether high or low, rich or poor, in order to promote health and strength. But notwithstanding so great importance is attached to exercise, and particularly that in the open air, it may be indulged in to excess, and at improper seasons, when such conditions are present as will render it a positive evil. It therefore seems requisite to regard exercise useful only within certain bounds, and these may be set by a few appropriate rules. 1. Violent exercise should never take place either immediately before or after eating; for in the former case the system becomes too violently agitated to receive food into the stomach with impunity, and in the latter 22 OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND instance the power that goes to sustain the upper and lower extremities during violent exercise, is in a measure abstracted from the power of digestion. 2. Exercise in the open air should take place at an interval of one hour after eating, provided it is prac- ticable. 3. Exercise in any violent way should not be in- dulged in after the system has been reduced to a state of fatigue, for under such circumstances it induces fever, prostration, and rheumatic difficulties. 4. When the health is infirm, and the physical energies are prostrated by disease, it is highly detrimental to force an indulgence in exercise; by so doing, more injury can be done in one half hour, than can be repaired in weeks. When the system is laboring under the influence of fever, rest is better than exercise. 5. It should always be a rule to avoid that kind of exercise that aggravates any local irritation, such as prolapsus uteri, or falling of the womb, or any other local difficulty. 6. For persons of feeble constitution and feeble digestion, gentle walking is an exercise sufficiently vigo- rous, but those of strong constitution and feeble digestion may indulge in more active exercise. 7. Always exercise at regular intervals, if acustomed to sedentary employment, for this will regularly tend to keep the system in order. 8. It is better to exercise moderately in the morning before eating and if possible in the open air. It is not good to exercise immediately after dinner, especially after dining upon roast beef, mutton, turkey or other solid aliments: at least one hour should elapse before any considerable amount of exercise should be permitted. EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 23 9. During childhood and youth, running, romping, dancing, and other exercises of a vivacious character are not only requisite, but absolutely indispensable. 10. But in more advanced life, when the mind has to be exercised more intensely and with greater precision in the cares of life, these vivacious exercises may be supplanted by those of a more grave character, yet serving to promote the same or similar purposes. The sedentary student should regularly seek gymnastic exercises. The accountant should do the same. The operator bound up to a single kind of exercise, and one that requires sameness of position, should seek counter- acting exercises for relaxation. Violent exercises, throwing the whole system into an intense heat, and perspiration, are of but little service under any circum- stances, and should be avoided; because they too frequently become the source of rheumatic difficulties, and the occasion of exposures, fraught with serious, consequences. 11. There is an appropriate time of day for exercise, it is in the morning, before noon, because in the afternoon, towards evening, the air is damper and not so healthy, as at an earlier hour of the day. 12. Finally, it may be said that exercise must be so regulated as to accord exactly with the condition and capacity of the subject, and so must the temperature of the atmosphere; a cold air, ever so fresh, will not suit every one, neither will a hot one. A dense invigorating atmosphere may be the very thing for nervous weaknesses and debility after acute affections, but it is not beneficial for consumptives; it is too bracing and too likely to produce cough; neither is exercise always good for all descriptions of chronic ailments; some will derive 24 OBSERVATIONS ON DIET, AIR AND benefit and some will not; a very little exertion, beyond the capacity of the system to endure, is certainly worse than no exercise at all. Gymnastic exercises are reduced to a system; and every kind of subject may find such an one, as will suit his capacity and strength. The com- mencement should always be with light and moderate feats, gradually preparing the way, for becoming accus- tomed to those, which are more difficult and laborious 8.—Ablutions and Bathing. None of the elements of hygiene are superfluous or of inferior consideration. Water was not only designed as a beverage, but for ablutions, and its use in this respect is as indispensable as in the other; " cleanliness promotes health" is as true as any proverb recorded in the book, and this is the chief use of water as an external agent.—While considering the various modes of employ- ing water to promote cleanliness of the body, we by no means shall render ourselves obnoxious to those who style themselves hydropathists; for although we do not prize water so highly as some do, as a therapeutic agent, yet we are willing to recommend its use, either cold, tepid, or warm, wherever it can perform a use,—but in one or the other of these forms it is requisite, under every possible circumstance in which a person can be placed, whether sick or well. The common practice of washing the face and hands after a season of repose, is so natural that it may almost be considered an instinctive act; but even in the perform- ance of this common ablution a few suggestions may not be inappropriate. During the warm weather the water coming from the hydrants or house-wells, without under- going any change of temperature, other than what the EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 25 atmosphere may occasion, is all that is required for the performance of this ablution; soap may be used to soften the water, provided there are no tetters or eruptions upon the skin; otherwise it is better that it should be dispensed with. In cold weather, when the atmosphere is cold and bracing, and the water from the hydrants is cold also, there are many persons who cannot stand washing even the face and hands in it, on rising in the morning, with- out becoming chilled and thrown into paroxysms of fever; under such circumstances, common sense dictates that the water should be warmed, so as to be of a tepid tempera- ture. The same rule with reference to the use of soaps, may be observed, as above. Bathing has begun to be looked upon in the light which it merits; baths are now regarded indispensable in homoeopathy, because they aid materially in preparing patients for the more certain and salutary action of remedies. There are only two of the modern appliances called baths, that can safely be recommended as being consonant with homoeopathic treatment: viz. The Fresh water bath and the Salt water bath. The former may be either cold or tepid, and the latter, only to be indulged in during the heat of summer, may be of the temperature of the salt water of the ocean. The use of these baths may form a subject of study,—how often, when to be avoided, when to be cold, and when to be warm, are severally to be determined by proper rules. 1. A cold bath should never be taken during the presence of an eruption or rash. The sponge filled with water and gently pressed, may be passed quickly over the body in such a condition, but nothing approxi- mating nearer to a Bath can be recommended. 4 I 26 observations on diet, air and 2. Cold baths should be avoided if they produce headache, or any other constitutional disturbance; if they are followed by chilliness instead of a glow, or if the body is in a perspiration, or suffering from any inflam- matory disease. They should be avoided when the temperature of the atmosphere is declining, as in the evening; and when the water feels warm and the air cold, and in cold and chilling weather. 3. Cold bathing is beneficial when it is followed by a glow, in affections of a nervous character, in nearly all affections arising from indigestion, or from debility of the stomach. 4. The appropriate time for the cold bath is in the early part of the day, because the air becomes warmer than the water. In-door bathing may be kept up during the year, provided it is done in a moderately warm room. Persons that can swim may indulge in this exercise during warm weather. 5. In going into the water to swim, immerse the whole body at first, and not the lower extremities merely. It is better to lay down in the water, than to plunge, because this latter method of immersing the body, may induce headache or temporary deafness, by the shock which it occasions. 6. Do not remain in the water without exercising the limbs; do not stand still or remain too long in the water. About six minutes is allowed for a bath, and this is qiiite long enough to secure all the benefits to be derived. It defeats the object to remain so long as to become chilled. 7. If cramps ensue when bathing, leave the water at once, and apply a rough coarse towel, as briskly as possi- ble over the body until it becomes perfectly dry, and exercise, ablutions, etc. 27 then, dress immediately. Gentle exercise, after bathing, is commendable. 8. Sea-bathing is found beneficial for those who h&ve J.;d a sedentary life, and are somewhat inclined to dys pepsia; but if it produces anything like nausea, or derangement of the stomach, it had better be avoided. Whenever any one finds himself invariably afflicted witiv some constitutional disturbance when indulging in sea- bathing, it is an indication for him to refrain altogether. 9. Warm baths are generally debilitating, and should seldom be indulged in. In cold weather, they are very apt to enervate the frame, and predispose the system to colds. Under some circumstances, however, a tepid bath may be preferable to a cold one, provided it be resorted to in warm weather or in a warm room. 10. Persons should not avail themselves of the bath Dftener than once a day, and then in the early part of the day. 11. It is a safe rule to observe, not to bathe when the habit produces, invariably, some constitutional disturb- ance, or gives rise to a debilitated feeling not easily overcome. 12. The cold bath for very young children should never be countenanced; generally the temperature of the water should be such as to communicate a slight sensation of warmth to the hand; for older children a bath more nearly approaching the temperature of the cold may be used with impunity, provided great caution is used to wipe them thoroughly dry, and to supply them with warm clothing immediately after. It is very probable that experience may suggest many modifica- Vons with regard to the use of the baths not hinted at in the above rules. 28 OBSERVATIONS on DIET, air and So far as ablutions are necessary to promote thorough cleanliness of the body, they are always to be com- mended. The wet sponge or towel may be used very generally for this purpose, provided care is always taken to dry the body with dry towels immediately, and then resume the clothing ; with regard to partial bathing, the same or similar rules are to be observed. The shower bath is so frequently attended with bad consequences that but little can be said in its favor. Vapor baths are still more objectionable, as being enervating and liable to be followed by bad results. Medicated baths may be looked upon with distrust by the patrons of homoeo- pathy ; they are strictly prohibited as belonging to that kind of practice which deserves only, to be classed among the merest quackeries of the day. 9—Clothing. Under the head of clothing there is considerable worthy of particular remark. That which is designed for the protection of the body should be of such a character as to answer the purpose; and in despite of fashion, which is too frequently regardless of the pro- tection which clothing should afford, we may lay down a few simple rules. 1. The body should be warmly clad during cold weather, and thinly clad during warm weather; this rule is imperative for the promotion of health. 2. The -fashion of clothing the feet with thin soled boots or shoes in cold, damp weather, should be dis- countenanced as being destructive to health, and a fell destroyer of human life. 3. Linen or cotton fabrics may be regarded the most suitable clothing for warm and dry weather, and woolen exercise, ablutions, etc. 29 for cold weather; the same that is worn next to the skin in warm weather, may be continued in cold weather, provided a thicker and warmer suit of woolen clothing is worn as an external covering. 4. Persons exposed to the extremes of temperature should wear woolen flannel next to the skin, because this fabric is known to possess the power of stimulating the skin to greater action, and at the same time absorbs the perspiration; and besides, wool is a bad conductor of caloric, and on this account is better calculated to retain the natural warmth of the body in cold weather. 5. In regulating the quantity of clothing to corres- pond with the seasons, great care should be exercised not to make a change in advance of the coming season, but only after the season has fully made its appearance. It is by no means safe to dispense with the under-cloth- ing until the warm weather has fully set in. The summer clothing may be worn, until the fall weather fully justifies a change. 6. Clothing should be so constructed as to allow the greatest freedom of movement, and so as not to incom- mode the body, whether in motion or otherwise. This is particularly required for the comfort of the feet; tight boots or shoes, by hampering the feet, may cause them to smart and ache with pain, while corns, and other excrescences, may make their appearance, inflicting a severe chastisement, as well as a good and wholesome admonition to refrain from wearing them. Tight lacing is another foul practice indulged in by some ladies, for the purpose of enhancing the symmetry of the form ; but this practice embitters their enjoyment, and too fre- quently engenders consumption or other lung difficulties. 7. The feet should be kept warm, and when wet 4* 30 observations on diet, air and from exposure, the sooner a change is made the better. The same may be remarked of the other clothing; a neglect on this score may be the cause of lingering disease or even death. 8. Young ladies, as they approach the period of puberty cannot be too careful in protecting the feet, and the body in general, from exposure to damp and cold. 9. Clothing should never be removed suddenly after violent exercise ; neither should any attempt be made to cool off, except in the most gradual way, keeping the body duly covered as the temperature diminishes. 10.—Observations on Sleep. When the voluntary activity of the body has been kept up a given time, it requires an interval of repose, or otherwise the organs would soon become worn out or disabled by disease. It is therefore provided in the economy of life, that a certain proportion of every twenty-four hours should constitute a season of repose. The legitimate design of sleep is to afford an opportunity for the bodily powers to become renovated and strengthened; on this account the poet has styled the phenomenon, " Tired nature's sweet restorer." When in the performance of manual labor the bodily powers gradually waste; but during sleep they become repaired, as no counteracting waste prevents. The hours of life, whether we are in wakefulness or sleep, whether feasting, in motion, or at rest, should be carefully disposed of with due regularity and order. 1. Labor of body and mind is requisite for every individual when in the enjoyment of health. exercise, ablutions, etc. 31 2. Fating is required to furnish materials for nutrition; and the chief meal should be taken in the after part of the day. 3. Sleep should follow eating at a given period, so as to afford an opportunity for the blood, which contains all the essential elements, to be incorporated into the diffe- rent organs of the body. Doctor Franklin recommended that the season of sleep should be between the hours of 8 p. m. and 4 a. m., but no definite rule can be laid down of this character. 4. With regard to the number of hours required for repose, they vary according to age and habits of life. It may be laid down, however, that the normal condition of certain classes requires as follows,— 1. Infants require eighteen hours of repose in every twenty-four, until they are three months old; from three to six months, about fifteen; from six months to a year, about fourteen; and for the first seven years of life, children require about thirteen hours of sleep in every twenty-four; and from seven to fourteen years of age, they require about twelve. 2. After the age of puberty, males require less sleep as a general rule than females. The former require, between the ages of fourteen and twenty-one, about nine hours in every twenty four, and the latter about ten. 3. Those that have attained adult age will require an amount of sleep corresponding to constitution, tempera- ture, and employment. Sedentary men and wome*i do not require so many hours for sleep, as those who are subject to constant and severe exercise of body and mind; because the nervous energy becomes more exhausted in these, and of course the system requires longer intervals of repose, to repair the waste. In fleshy and lymphatic 32 observations on diet, air and persons there is not so great a demand for sleep, although in the opinion of some there is more. 4. Nervous, sanguine, or muscular constitutions may require from six to eight hours of sleep, from nine or ten o'clock in the evening, till four, five or six o'clock in the morning. Females perhaps may require an additional hour. For persons of bilious and sympathetic constitu- tions, six hours, or at most seven, of sound repose, are all that are required; but it should be the effort of every one to ascertain for himself what number of hours in every twenty-four is required for repose. 5. The time for sleep is evidently a matter worthy of consideration; the best period for lying in bed is during the middle portion of the night, from nine or ten o'clock in the evening to four or five in the morning. Early rising has so many advantages that it is hardly worth while to recount them; it contributes to health and happiness, and, in a certain sense, adds much to life that otherwise would be lost. 6. Sleeping rooms should not be upon the lower floor of a house, if it can be avoided, because the con- fined air during the night, in such apartments, is not so suitable for respiration. 7. Sleeping rooms should be large and well venti- lated ; during the day, their windows should be open, and the bed-clothing must be well aired. 8. Cots or beds should be, if possible, made of hair, because the hair-mattrass affords the best surface to sleep upon, and combines all the necessary qualities for the purpose. During sleep the covering ought to be suf- ficient, and so constructed as to be easy of regulation. 9. The best position for sleep is lying upon the side. This is the most healthy and natural posture ; either side EXERCISE, ABLUTIONS, ETC. 33 will suffice, though many believe the right side the best; —with the head slightly elevated by one pillow. It is impossible to lay down explicit rules in relation to sleep, without remarking as many exceptions as rules. While too little sleep does not promote the due support of the organs, too much deteriorates them ; it is therefore enjoined upon every one to ascertain if possible the measure of sleep his system requires. 11.—Observations on Occupations and Professions. The particular employment or occupation of a man may have a greater or less effect on his health, mentally as well as bodily. Statistical tables have shown that the comparative longevity of persons of some occupations or professions is greater than others. We present a table of statistics made at Berlin, 1834, which we find also inserted in a work entitled, " Sources of Health," by Dr. Tarbell. Of 100 Clergymen,.......only 42 attained the age of 70 yrs. and upwards. " Farmers,............"...40........."........."........."........."........... " Commercial men,.."...35........."........."........."........."........... « Military men,......."...33........."........."........."........."........... " Lawyers,............"...29........."........"........."........."........... " Artists,..............."...28........"........."........."........."........... « Teachers,............"...27........."........."........."........."........... Physicians,........."...24...,....."........."........."........."........... We would 'infer from the above, that the quiet pur- suits of life, such as contribute to an evenness of temper, and a constancy of a moderate degree of mental and bodily activity, are most conducive to longevity. It will be seen that the average age attained by the clergy is the greatest of all, and the reason is, the labors of a minister of the gospel, though constant and unremitting, are by no means attended with so many irregularities 34 GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. and excitements as those of the physician, which, it will be perceived, stands lowest on the list. The table is interesting as showing the tendency of anxieties and ambitious enterprises to abridge the duration of life. A sterner adherence to duty, and less unchecked passion and ambition may often prove efficient in prolonging life. CHAPTEE II. A GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. 1.—Digestive Organs. As the derangement of the digestive organs is a fruit- ful source of many of our physical sufferings, a concise account of them is manifestly proper. The succession of distinct changes that occur after food is taken into the mouth, before it is suitable for the nourishment of the various parts of the body, is worthy of being well understood. 1. The food is masticated, or chewed; by this pro- cess, it becomes broken up, and finely comminated. The teeth are furnished for the consummation of this work. 2. During mastication, the food becomes intimately mixed with the saliva or spittle of the mouth, and this fluid is furnished by six glands, situated about the mouth, viz.: the parotid, one under each ear; the sub- maxillary, one under each side of the under jaw, and the sub-lingual, two small glands under the tongue. Each GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. 35 of these glands has small ducts, that empty themselves into the mouth ; the motion of the jaws, and the stimulus of the food, during mastication, excites these glands to pour forth the saliva or spittle into the mouth, to mingle with the food. 3. The mastication and insalivation of the food, by the aid of the tongue, forms it into a ball, and then, by the act of swallowing, it passes into the oesophagus, or gullet, which is the passage, or tube, through which the food passes from the mouth into the stomach. 4. The stomach receives the food in the form of balls from the mouth; every mouthful of food taken at a meal forms one of these balls. As soon as received, the stomach begins to perform the work of digestion; it assumes a churning motion, that keeps the balls moving about, so as to come in contact with the walls of the stomach. In the lining coats of the stomach are numerous little glands, called the gastric follicles, because they furnish the gastric fluid in the stomach, that dissolves the food. The motion of the balls, coming in contact with these little glands, excites them to pour this fluid into the stomach, and it acts upon the food as a solvent, and reduces' the balls to a pulp, or homogenious mass of chyme, of a thick, pappy appearance. By this process, the different kinds of food and materials taken into the stomach at-a single meal, become mingled together, so as to scarcely admit of recognition. 5. The stomach is a membranous bag, containing two openings; one for the ingress of the food from the mouth, the other for its egress into the intestines. The former is termed the cardiac orifice, because it is near the heart, and the latter is called the pylorus or pyloric orifice, 36 GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. because it closes the entrance into the intestinal canal. After a meal, both of these orifices become closed; the former to prevent the return of the food into the gullet, and the latter, to prevent its entrance into the intestinal canal, until the stomach has reduced it to chyme. After this is accomplished, the pyloric orifice opens, and the food passes into the upper portion of the intestinal canal; this portion is called the duodenum, or second stomach. 6. In the duodenum the chyme received from the stomach, is acted upon by the bile and fluid secretion of the pancreas, (a gland that furnishes a fluid secretion resembling saliva, and on this account has been styled the salivary gland of the stomach.) The chyme is also acted upon by the secretions of several small glands embedded in the lining membrane of the intestines. 7. The change that takes place in the chyme in consequence of the action of the bile and the other secretions, is that of separation into the nutritious and non-nutritious portions. The former resembles milk, and is taken up by the absorbent vessels and conveyed into the veins, while the latter mingled with the bile, is carried off or ejected in faeces. This process is always taking place when the body is in health, and with so much ease as to produce no sensa- tion that would lead to its detection, but if anything interrupts the progress of the work, the digestive system is thrown into derangement, and pain and suffering is the result. The great variety of diseases that assail the digestive system, renders it inexpedient to give a catalogue of them in this place. Numerous are the affections arising from over-eating and drinking — of eating improper GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. 37 food — of eating at improper times, &c, while many others arise from the careless use of cathartics, and others from stimulants, and others from other sources of disease, coming in contact with the body. As the process of digestion merely prepares the food for being imbibed into the system, or rather into the blood, it has to undergo other changes through the agency of other organs before it is fully prepared to become flesh and bone. One of the most important of these, is effected by respiration, the organs of which we will now consider. 2.—Respiratory Organs. 1. We accomplish the act of breathing through the aid of the lungs. The whole cavity walled in by the ribs and breast-bone, is filled with the lungs and heart. Every time we draw in a breath, the ribs rise and expand the chest, just in proportion to the. quantity of air inhaled. The air is received through the nose and mouth, and passes through the wind-pipe into the lungs. 2. The atmosphere taken into the lungs, parts with its oxygen, in exchange for carbonic acid, and this being heavier than common air, falls every time the breath is exhaled. This prevents its return into the lungs at the next breath, so it will be seen that oxygen is supplied from the air at every breath, which is exchanged for carbonic acid given off in the lungs. 3. The benefit that is done to the system by this process, is this: the food, that by the process of diges- tion, became changed so as to enter into the veins, is conveyed first to a chamber in the heart, called the right auricle, and from this, to another chamber called the right ventricle, and from this chamber it is forced through a large artery into the lungs; this artery 5 38 GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. divides and subdivides continually—spreading like a tree, until branches of it permeate every part of the lungs. The blood that is sent through this artery, is unsuited to the wants of the body, it contains too many impurities—it contains carbonic acid, which, if suffered to accumulate, will so burthen the system, as to cause disease and death. Now it will be seen that respiration is the act by which these impurities are abstracted from the .blood. The quantity of air taken into the lungs, and the quantity of carbonic acid thrown off, at every breath, keeps up a perpetual renovation of the blood, and fashions it into pure blood, such as can be made to lay open its bosom and furnish material for the nourish- ment of every part of our frames. After the blood is thus prepared in the lungs, it is returned through other channels to a chamber upon the left side of the heart, called the left auricle, and from this it is forced into another, called the left ventricle, and from the left ven- tricle it is forced into the main artery of the body, which furnishes a channel for the ascent and descent of the blood- throughout every part of the body. The great artery after it leaves the heart, divides into ascending and descending branches, and these branches divide and subdivide continually until millions of little branches may be counted supplying every organ; penetrating every structure; supplying a portion of the blood to bone ; a portion to muscle; a portion to nerve ; a por- tion to skin, &c, &c. 4. The blood thus prepared in the lungs, and returned to the heart, to be sent forth through arteries to replenish the body, is not all converted into the solid parts during its first round. A portion of it, after parting with what assimilates with the different tissues, is returned again GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. 39 through the veins, which receive and mingle with it fresh supplies of the nutritive portion of the food from the intestinal canal, reconveying it to the heart, and thence to the lungs, to be sent on the same round as before. This is what is termed the circulation of the blood, holding an intermediate relation between diges- tion, respiration and nutrition. 3.—Circulatory Organs. The heart is the centre of the circulatory system in man. It has a double structure; one portion may be considered as the starting point of the circulation through the lungs, called pulmonic circulation; the other is the starting point of the circulation throughout the whole system, called systemic circulation. The blood is con- veyed from the heart through arteries, and conveyed to the heart through veins. The heart, the arteries, and the veins, are considered the circulatory organs. When digestion, respiration and circulation are severally going on in an orderly manner, there is com- plete harmony in their operations; when the organs of digestion are impaired, the supply of nutritive materials becomes obstructed; when the respiratory organs are impaired, the blood does not become duly renovated and vitalized ; and when the circulatory organs are the seat of disease,, the body fails of receiving throughout the equible distribution of the blood. The various diseases incident to these organs will be described, and the mode of treating them will be pointed out in the following chapters of this work. 40 GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. 4.—Urinary Organs. The urinary organs are the kidneys, bladder and appendages; they hold an important relation to the other organs. The kidneys secrete the urine from the blood, and by this process the blood is relieved of many impurities, that if not abstracted by this defecatory process, would prove a source of disease in the system. The secretion of the kidneys is passed into the bladder, through little ducts, called the ureters, and when the bladder is filled, the urine is passed off through the urinary canal. When nature dictates, that the act of urinating should be performed, it is dangerous to dis- obey. An effort to retain, throws back upon the system, what it has attempted to reject as worthless, and derange- ment and disease may be the consequence. 5.—Biliary Organs. The liver, and the gall bladder, the largest gland of the body, located in the right hypochondrium, or right side of the abdomen beneath the right lung; the office of this gland is to secrete the bile;—it is a purificatory organ, it separates impurities from the nutritious part of the food received from the stomach and intestines. 1. It also separates impurities from the venous blood. It acts in concert with so many organs, in its work of defecation, that it will be impossible to impart more than a general idea of its office. 2. The gall bladder is the reservoir into which the dirty, black, and acrid materials, separated from the blood by the liver, are collected; this reservoir empties itself into the duodenum, where, by a peculiar affinity, it unites • with the innutritious part of the chyme, and both GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. 41 together, are ejected from the system, through the intestinal canal. 3. If the functions of the liver or gall bladder are in anywise interrupted, it is manifest that impurities will remain in the blood, productive of the most serious consequences. 4. The most inveterate diseases known to humanity, result from an interruption of the defacatory process of the liver. When such interruption occurs, it is shown in the color of the skin, under the eyes, sometimes occasion- ing a dark sallow, and sunken expression of the counte- nance. 5. Biliary diseases often prove the most prostrating and violent, because the system being so burthened, is aroused to the most violent struggle to compensate for the interruption. A more particular account will be given in succeeding chapters. 6. The liver, pancreas and spleen, appear to be a class of organs associated together in the work of purifying the blood, and when the office of either is interrupted, it is reasonable to suppose that disease will be the inevitable result. The proper performance of the office of any of the organs that have been named, depends upon another class of organs which we have yet to consider. 6.—The Nervous System. This system being the central source of all the vital movements of the body, is worthy of a concise descrip- tion. 1. The nervous system in man, includes the great nervous centres, and all the nerves that proceed from them. The brain and spinal cord, are the great centres 5* 42 GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. where the nervous force is generated, that communicates through nerves, the vital endowment of all the organs. 2. The ganglionic or sympathetic system, which is dependant on the two great centres named in the prece- ding paragraph, presides over the functions of digestion, respiration and defecation. This system is sometimes called the pneumogastric or lung and stomach nerve, hence, 3. The brain is divided into the cerebrum or large brain, the cerebellum or small brain, and the medulla oblongata, by which is understood the nervous system of the senses and actions. The large brain includes all the top of the head, the small brain lies at the bottom below the point even with the top of the ears, and the medulla oblongata is the commencement of the spinal cord in the cranium. 4. There are twelve pairs of nerves that issue from the brain. One pair is the olfactory that goes to the nose and contributes to form the sense of smell; another pair supplies The eyes with power of being impressed with light; another supplies the ears; another the face; another the tongue, &c.; thus showing that the nervous system is the source from whence the special organs derive their vigor and life. 5. The spine is but a continuation of the brain all down the back, and from this centre all the nerves that supply the muscles with life and animation are derived; and the power of locomotion is promoted by this appara- tus, and the power of standing, walking, or running, is also promoted by it. 6. The skin also is endowed from the nerves with the sense of touch. Therefore it is plain that the nervous system is the source from whence we derive the senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch; that it is the GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. 43 power that makes the muscles act, and sets the limbs in motion; that enables us to walk, work with the hands, &c.; that causes the digestive organs to digest our food, or that causes the lungs to breathe, the heart to beat, the liver to secrete the bile and purify the blood, that causes the kidneys to perform their office. The nervous system is so perfectly present in the whole body, that if all the rest of the material of which the body is composed were abstracted, still the human shape would not be destroyed. It must be perceived from this account of the nerves, that any violence done to them, will derange the system very much. Any disease in the nervous system cuts off the supply of healthy nervous force from the body. If the optic nerve is diseased, the sense of sight is impaired; if the olfactory, the sense of smell; if the nerves that supply the stomach,—as a matter of course, the stomach is diseased; and so with every organ and func- tion of the body. An insight into diseases of the nervous system, will constitute a valuable piece of information, and a chapter will be devoted to the special consideration of them. There are other organs and apparatus that might be remarked upon concisely, but it is not in accordance with the plan of this work to give anything more than a mere outline of the organs and their functions, that the range of diseases might be better comprehended. Those who would bike a farther insight into these matters, will find themselves amply repaid by perusing Esreys' Anatomy and Physiology, for sale by Eademacher & Sheek. 44 GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. 7.—Temperaments. As occasionally certain temperaments will be referred to in detailing the treatment of disease, it is proper to define what is meant by temperament. 1. By temperament is meant the modification or influence that any one of the class of organs or humors may exert, when it predominates in the system. Thus, when the blood-vessels are of large capacity, and the quantity of blood so great in the system as to show its modifying influence upon all the other parts of the body, it is called the sanguine temperament. When the biliary organs predominate, the subject is of the bilious tempera- ment. When the nervous system predominates, it is termed the nervous temperament. When the lymphatic system predominates, it is termed the lymphatic tempera- ment. We will proceed to explain each as follows:— 1. Sanguine temperament.—This may be known by the great activity of the circulation, with rather a full habit, florid complexion, blue eyes, red, auburn, or yellowish red hair, great activity of mind and body, somewhat restless and fond of change. 2. Bilious temperament.—This may be known by great firmness of the flesh, black hair, dark eyes, dark skin, sometimes of a yellow appearance, moderately full habit; a determined expression of the countenance, indicating firmness and energy of character, violent and lasting ill- will, when crossed ; strong pulse, of moderate frequency; not easily turned aside from any undertaking. Nervous temperament.—This is indicated by the pre- dominant activity of the brain and entire nervous system ; fine hair, thin skin, small muscular frame, rapid GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. 45 speech and walk, quick of decision, and somewhat changeable ; head rather large, in proportion to the rest of the frame ; hasty movements, and of quick perception and judgment. Lymphatic temperament is indicated by softness of the muscular system., inactive brain, slow movement, an abundance of fatty substance throughout the entire body, fair hair, pale skin, sluggish expression of the coun- tenance, dull and inanimate expression of the eyes, quiet, and prone to lazy habits, and the circulation is cor- respondingly of a sluggish character. Besides these temperaments, others have been noted, which do not appear to be pure, but of a mixed cha- racter, as Melancholic temperament.—We see persons having all the characteristics of the bilious; black hair, dark eyes and complexion. Though less active in body and mind, of a very grave disposition, suspicious, wearing what is commonly called a long face, and very meditative. These persons may be said to be of the melancholic temperament, and they are perpetually subject to derangement of the biliary system, prone to constipation of the bowels, feeble pulse, of a wiry slow beat, and a dry skin. Other forms of mixed temperaments are very frequently found, indeed, it may be said that temperaments are oftener found of a mixed character than pure. There is the nervous-sanguine, which partakes of the character of the two, as expressed in the term. The lymphatic-sanguine, characterised by a robust constitution, sometimes termed nutritive, because the subjects are fond of good living, and care but little about anything aside from the gratification of the appe- 46 GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODILY ORGANS. tite. Such persons, appear to be characterised by selfishness, conceit, are sanguine that they can perform a great deal, but have so little perseverance, that frequently nothing is accomplished. The nervous lymphatic is indicated by large brain, and at the same time an abundance of the fatty material; somewhat active, easily fatigued, and prone to seek long intervals of rest. The nervous-bilious is indicated by large brain, active nervous system, with all the other indications of the pure bilious. There are other mixtures of the temperaments; we have only named the more frequent and prominent, but, in a practical point of view, other terms, distinguishing the variety of habits or constitutions, are preferable, as follows:— Debilitated constitution, is one characterised by feeble- ness of frame, capable of but little physical endurance. Plethoric constitution, is indicated by corpulence, full, hale and hearty appearance. Lean habit as the term implies, denotes the reverse of the plethoric. In the same manner, we make use of terms to express the predominant moral characteristics, as Melancholly disposition, mild disposition, sensitive, &c, as indicating that, which is prominent in the character. The practical utility of becoming familiar with the classification of temperaments, habits and dispositions, is with reference to the adaptation of remedies in cases of sickness. Eemedies adapted to the sanguine tem- perament are not always adapted to the bilious, &c. And remedies well suited to persons of a mild disposi- PRINCIPLE OF APPLYING REMEDIES. 47 tion, are often found less serviceable to those more 'passionate and irritable. Medicines that act speedily upon persons of a fall habit, are often found inactive upon those of spare and lean habit, even if the indications for their use in both cases are otherwise the same. The following chapter upon medicines, will contain an account of the remedies best adapted to the different temperaments, habits and dispositions, so arranged as to facilitate reference. CHAPTEE III. 1.—List of remedies; principle of applying them, &c. The following list, comprises all the medicines used in this work. It is remarked that every medicine has a certain range of action in the body. Some will act upon one kind of organs in a peculiar way, and some on others;—or some medicines will always direct their energies to one locality, and others to another, therefore, it must first be ascertained, how a remedy will effect the healthy system, and this will determine the locality of its action, or in other words, it will manifest the symptoms of its effect; it is a record of these symptoms that gives us an idea of the range of a medicine. In the following list, we shall only place such medi- cines as have been thus tried, and their range of use ascertained. In the concluding chapter of this work, will be found a concise statement of the range of use of each medicine. 48 LIST OF REMEDIES. List of remedies. 1. Acomtum napellus, 27. Digitalis purpurea, 53. Petroleum, 2. Alumina, 28. Drosera rotundifolia 54. Phosphorus, 3. Ammonium carb., 29. Dulcamara, 55. Phosphorio aoid, 4. Antimonium orud., 30. Eupatorium, 56. Platina, 5. Apis melifioa, 31. Euphrasia off. 57. Pulsatilla, 6. Arnica montana, 32. Ferrum metallicum, 58. Rheum, 7. Arsenicum album, 33. Graphites, 59. Rhus toxicodendron, 8. Aurum metallicum, 34. Helleborus, 60. Ruta graveolens, 9. Belladonna, 35. Hepar sulph. calc, 61. Sabina, 10. Bromine, 36. Hyoscyamus niger, 62. Sambucus nigra 11. Bryonia alba, 37. Hamamelis, 63. Sanguinaria, 12. Calcarea carb. 38. Ignatia amara, 64. Secale cornutum, 13. Cannabis sativa, 39. Iodine, 65. Senega, 14. Cantharis, 40. Ipecacuanha, 66. Sepia succus, 15. Carbo vegetabilis, 41. Kali carbonicum, 67. Siiicea, 16. Causticum, 42. Kali bichromicum, 68. Spigelia anthelmin., 17. Cbamomilla, 43. Lachesis, 69. Spongia marina tosta, 18. China officinalis, 44. Lycopodium, 70. Stannum, 19. Cina, 45. Mercurius subl. corr. , 71. Staphysagria, 20. Cocculus, 46. Mercurius vivus, 72. Stramonium, 21. Coffea cruda, 47. Mezereum, 73. Sulphur. 22. Colchicum, 48. Moschus, 74. Sulphuric acid, 23. Colocynthis, 49. Natrum muriaticum 75. Tartarus emeticus, 24. Conium maculatum 50. Nitric acid, 76. Uva ursi, 25. Crocus sativus, 51. Nux vomica, 77. Veratrum album, 26. Cuprum metallicum , 52. Opium, 78 ZLncum metallicum. Tinctures for External Use. 79. Arnica,, 82. Causticum, 85. Staphysagria, 80. Calendula, 83. Hypericum, 86. Urtica urens, 81. Cantharis, 84. Ruta graveolens, 2.—Medicines the best adapted to the different temperaments, habits, &c. 1. For the sanguine temperament.—Aeon., Arm, Bell., Bry., Calc, Hep., Merc, Cham., Nux v., Phos., &c. 2. Bilious temperament.—Bry., Nux v., Ars., Sulph., Merc, Cocculus, &c. 3. Nervous temperament.—Sepia, Coff., Platina, Ignatia, Puis., Nux v., Cham., &c. METHOD OF NOTING DISEASES. 49 4. Lymphatic temperament.—Ant., Am., Ars., Nit acid., Calc, Puis., Sulph., Con., Clematis. 5. Melancholic temperament.—Aurum, Ars., Nux v., Verat., Ipec, Chin., &c 6. For plethoric habit. — Aeon., Bell., Calc, Puis., Merc, Sep., &c. 7. Debilitated habit.—Ars., Chin., Bry., Lachesis, Arn. 8. Lean habit.—Sil., Lach., Wraph. 9. Melancholy disposition.—Ars., Verat., Aurum., Puis., Aeon., Bry. 10. Mild disposition.—Puis., Sep., Calc, Ignat. 11. Sensitive disposition.—Calc, Ignat., Plat., Bell., Bry., Graphites. Note.—The above affords only a partial view of the distribution of remedies according to temperaments, habits, &c.; reference will be had more fully to the subject, in detailing the treatment of specific diseases, in the following chapters. CHAPTEE IV. OBSERVATIONS ON THE METHOD OF NOTING DISEASES. In order to determine upon the appropriate adminis- tration of remedies, it is necessary to ascertain correctly, the condition of the patient and the nature of his malady. It is, therefore, requisite to observe certain regulations that will tend to consummate the object. 1. In learning the character of disease, the first thing requisite is, to know the general condition of the patient—the constitution and temperament—and if prac- ticable, it would be well to ascertain the hereditary constitutional character. 6 50 OBSERVATIONS ON THE 2. After noting the sex, age, and whatever is indi- vidually peculiar to the patient, inquire into the relative state of the secretions, and into the circumstances by which they become modified; and then for the part most affected,—whether of long standing, or of recent date ;— and also inquire into the general habits, occupation, mode of living, diet, and other influences to which the patient has been exposed. 1.—Examination of Patients. 1. If a patient possess a full habit of body—an active circulation, great animation and energy when in health, florid complexion, full frame, and general appearance of being warm, ardent and active, we recognise a plethoric or sanguine constitution, and one peculiarly subject to inflammatory influences, and predisposed to local inflammatory difficulties. Proceeding then, from this consideration, an inquiry for the affected parts, will next be in order, and wherever an extreme local suffering is manifest, an inflammation or congestion may be appre- hended, and the treatment may be directed accordingly. 2. If on the other hand, a patient possesses & feeble constitution, unable to bear exertion; if the breath is easily exhausted by rapid motion, or there appears to be deficiency of warmth and animation in the system; it is not difficult to infer a retarded performance of the bodily functions, and such a patient would be liable to diseases of a torpid character. The digestion might be difficult, the circulation feeble, the ^liver inactive, or there might be alternations of condition in the secretory- organs, varying from excess to deficiency. In making further inquiry into any specific ailment, it is of course necessary to bear the tendency of the constitution in mind. METHOD OF NOTING DISEASES. 51 3. When the liver is the most susceptible of any organ of the body, the skin will often wear a yellow tinge, and almost any exposure will contribute to biliary derangement, with numerous concomitant symptoms. Persons of this habit, generally have dark skin, and are subject to dark colored urine and stools, and a wiry pulse ; costiveness and piles, or else diarrhoea and pros- tration, affect the bilious constitution more readily, perhaps, than other difficulties. 4. When a person of short neck, high shoulders, thick set, or full frame, subject to flushes of blood to the brain, comes under our notice, we cannot avoid recognising an apoplectic subject. 5. And also we recognise a nervous constitution, when we come in contact with a person whose body and mind are prone to be excitable;—whose ideas, habits, or inclina- tions, are extremely variable; with such, the pulse is also variable, and purely nervous difficulties may assume every variety of form; the slightest touch may prove sufficient to aggravate suffering, almost beyond endur- ance, and spasmodic affections and fits may occur, which cannot be referred to any definite cause. 6. Were a patient of firm, wiry muscles and tendons, .swarthy complexion, sharp set features, searching glance, persistent expression of the countenance, to be presented for treatment, there would be no difficulty in recognising a fibrous constitution, and the distinct, wiry pulse, the deficiency of flesh, the want of perspiration, the scanty urine and hard stools, that under other circumstances, might indicate disease, are viewed only, as the character- istics of this kind of constitution. But a patient of this description is prone to inflammatory affections, more par- ticularly of the intestines. Yet also, any other disease 52 OBSERVATIONS ON THE may befal this constitution, as a consequence of super- abundant activity. 7. On the other hand, we find opposed to the fibrous constitution, a lax or lymphatic constitution, characterised by a fleshy, flabby appearance. Not lean, but fat; not active, but dull; fair skin, rounded frame, the whole appearance lazy, as if all the muscles and tendons were relaxed or unstrung. Such an individual is subject to chilly sensations, because sensitive to cold. Such a nor- mal condition, is sufficient to impart to every disease a sluggish character: hence, in such, we are more apt to find chronic difficulties, as persistent in their features, as the constitution is slow of action. 8. It is always well, to know something of a patient's hereditary constitution. This can only be ascertained by reference to the antecedents of the family. If he is of scrofulous or consumptive parents, whatever afflicts him may strongly tend in this direction,—and even a gouty or psoric diathesis may be inherited from parents. There- fore, in the treatment of such maladies as may afflict a patient of the kind, reference must be had to the restrain- ing or counteracting of the hereditary tendency. 9. The investigation of disease in a psoric constitution, would lead us to perceive that almost every form would be strongly attracted to the skin,—and every acute malady would be preceded or followed by general foul- ness of the skin, ulcerative sores, &c 10. Persons of a consumptive habit, which is easily determined by the clear transparent skin, bright flush E.—Dissolve six globules, or one drop, in two tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, until the patient is mani- festly better, or there is a change. Arsenicum, when the vomiting of blood is in persons of weak constitution, and when there is intense burning in the stomach, and great prostration. DOSE___Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until a change. China is useful when a quantity of blood has already been vomited, in restoring the weakened energies of the system from the loss. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be given every four hours, until there is evident restoration of strength. Ipecacuanha is indicated when nausea and sickness of the stomach remain after an attack, or it may be used in alternation with Aconite at the commencement, when there is the presence of febrile symptoms, and also when there is vomiting of bile with the blood. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until a change. Nux vomica is particularly useful when vomiting blood occurs in persons of full and plethoric habit, with a strong tendency of blood to the stomach; when there is tendency to constipation, particularly arising from suppression of piles, or suppression of the menses; or from indulgence in stimulating drinks, such as wine or beer; and also when the patient is of an irritable temper. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every four hours, until better. 212 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; Pulsatilla is particularly serviceable when the vom- iting is from suppressed menses, and also in males of the lymphatic temperament and mild disposition it is more suitable than Nux vom. DOSE.—Precisely the same in all respects as for Nux vom. Sulphur is indicated when the symptoms occur after the suppression of an eruption or piles, or when there are evident signs of the vomiting of blood being but a trans- fer of some other flux to the stomach. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, three times a day. Diet.—The rules to be observed in adapting a diet in this affection are nearly the same as in spasm of the stomach, only greater strictness is required. No solid food shoald be taken; all drinks should be cold. Preparations of milk, light puddings or broths may be allowed, but not for several hours after an attack, and then very cautiously and in small quantity, observing that every article taken should be cold, or at least only tepid or lukewarm. From the very nature of the affec- tion, rest and quietness of mind and body must be inferred as absolutely essential. 16.—Constipation. (Costiveness.) There is not, perhaps, any abdominal difficulty that occasions so much attention on the part of those wedded to old opinions and unenlightened notions, as costive- ness, and it may also be remarked that there is nothing of a moderately dangerous character that more frequently baffles the efforts of allopathy. The reason is, such efforts, arising from mistaken views, are directly opposed to the operations of nature. Constipation is generally dependent upon some other derangement of the organism, and on this account it is OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 213 frequently alluded to as a symptom of other derange- ments. The very means that have been resorted to obviate this difficulty have too frequently operated to fasten it upon the system. A cathartic only relieves for the time being, and then the difficulty is apt to occur in a more stubborn form. This certainly cannot have escaped observation, and the result of this course, of flying to a dose of Magnesia, Epsom salts, Castor oil, or to some one of the many kinds of pills, is a weakening of the natural force of the bowels, and constipation becomes an habitual thing. Mothers, acting upon the idea that the bowels must be kept open, frequently give their children aperient medi- cines, for the purpose, as they suppose, of keeping them from getting sick; and the result frequently is the derangement of their delicate systems, to a degree, that subjects them to dyspepsia and constipation throughout life. It is far better to leave slight cases of consti- pation to nature, or. if medicines are needed, those which only force evacuations of the bowels are by no means the ones that operate a cure; these at best only remove the effect and not the cause, and this only temporarily; but as constipation results from a morbid condition of the system, reason would dictate that the successful use of remedies would overcome this conditiom It is found that remedies which correct deranged conditions of the stomach, will often remove constipation, though they possess no cathartic property. We must look upon constipation as the mere result of a peculiar condition, or want of balance in the general system; it is to the changing of this that our attention should be directed, if we wish to cure constipation, instead of effecting a mere temporary palliation. 214: DISEASES OF THIS DIGESTIVE ORGANS; Causes.—Constipation results from derangement of the digestive or biliary organs, secondarily, and these may be primarily operated upon, either by disease, or deleterious medicines, or cathartics. Treatment.—A mere arrangement of a judicious diet will often prove sufficient to remove mild forms of constipation, provided great care is taken to masticate the food well before taking it into the stomach. The remedies employed are Alumina, Antim. crud., Bryonia, China, Calcarea carb., Cocculus, Lycopodium, Lachesis, Nux vomica, Opium, Pulsatilla, Plumbum, Sepia, Sulphur and Veratrum. Alumina is indicated when there is dry, hard faeces, evacuated with considerable difficulty and exertion of the abdominal muscles, sometimes streaked with blood, and which appears to result from want of motion or activity in the intestinal canal, such as may result from travelling. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every twenty-four hours. The best time for taking it is in the evening, half an hour before retiring. Antimonium crud. is serviceable when the constipa- tion is preceded by diarrhoea, or when there is a feeling of slight derangement of the stomach, and nausea. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, once a day, at night. Bryonia is a remedy that may be employed with advantage in warm weather, when the affection occurs in persons of dark complexion and irritable or obstinate dispositions, with a tendency to chills and rheumatism; and further, it may be employed to remove the difficulty when it arises from a disordered stomach, and is attended with determination of blood to the head and severe headache. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful morning and evening, and continue until complete relief is obtained. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 215 China is a remedy that may be called into requisition when the constipation arises from debilitating losses, as in miscarriage, or from diarrhoea, or from violent pur- gation, or when occurring after a protracted season of looseness and the like. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, to be taken every twelve hours, until better or a change. Calcarea carb. is one of the remedies to be called into use after a journey, when the constipation appears to result from travelling. It is better suited to persons of sanguine temperament. Cocculus is another remedy found exceedingly useful for costiveness resulting from sea-sickness, or from riding in a coach or in the cars, and especially if the affection is preceded by nausea or vomiting. Conium is another of the same class of remedies, and is more particularly indicated if the constipation is accom- panied with painful piles. DOSES.—It is not necessary to repeat either of the above remedies more than once a day. Calc. c. may be taken at night, one drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water. Cocculus, perhaps, it would be better to take in the morning in the same way; and Conium either at night or in the morning. Lycopodium is one of the very best remedies in chronic constipation, as proved by clinical experience, when there is determination of blood to the head, colic, flatulence, sense of weight in the lower part of the bowels. DOSE. —One drop, or four globules, in a tablespoonful of water; to be taken every night. Lachesis is indicated after the use of Nux vomica in chronic constipation, and particularly if this latter remedy has failed of fulfilling its indications. It is especially suited to those who take wine freely as a habit, and who 216 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS ; feel a flatulent distention after meals, and ineffectual efforts to eructate. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, every evening until amelioration or change. Nux vomica is, for the most part, indicated when con- stipation results from too heavy a meal, or from partaking of indigestible food, or wine, or other stimulating drinks, or when it has resulted from the reaction after pro- longed diarrhoea, or after the use of cathartics; when persons have taken aperients until the bowels have become so torpid as not to move without them, this remedy in alternation with opium may sometimes over- come the difficulty. In the most obstinate cases of con- stipation which afflict coffee drinkers, or those who have been somewhat given to the use of wine or brandy, Nux vom. may be considered one ofthe best of remedies; it is particularly adapted to persons of irascible and vivacious temperaments, with strong tendencies of blood to the head, and headache; unfitness for exercise; disturbed sleep, and a feeling of general oppression or heaviness; frequent and ineffectual efforts to relieve the bowels, attended with a sensation of a stricture, and sometimes painful difficulty in passing urine. It is an excellent remedy for persons suffering from piles, or are subject to them. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every night, until amelioration or change. Opium.—It is thought that this remedy is chiefly to be selected in recent cases of constipation, which do not occur as being peculiar or habitual; but its use is by no means confined to cases of this kind; it is equally useful when the disease occurs in vigorous, plethoric, well- nourished subjects, and arising from inactivity in the OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 217 intestinal canal or from sedentary habits; when it occurs in aged subjects in alternation with diarrhoea, it is also an exceedingly useful remedy; and also when there is want of power to relieve the bowels, with a feeling of constriction in the anus; pulsation and sense of weight in the abdomen; dull, heawy pain in the stomach; parched mouth, and want of appetite; determination of blood to the head, with redness of the face and headache. This remedy is highly recommended for the constipation of pregnant females, which arises from pressure of the womb or abdominal tumors upon the rectum. DOSE.—Dissolve four globules in a tablespoonful of water, and take morning and evening. Pulsatilla is indicated when the patient is morose, taciturn, or soured, after eating fatty substances, and when there is constipation from sedentary habits and from drinking ardent spirits, or from eating too many kinds of food at a meal, or in consequence of surfeit or after a diarrhoea; want of appetite; disagreeable taste; the tongue coated; sickness of the stomach; tightness of the abdomen, and particularly when the constipation attends difficult menstruation. DOSE. -Of a solution of one drop, or four globules, in a tablespoonful of water; give one half at night, and the other in the morning. Plumbum is indicated for the most obstinate constipa- tion, as from palsy of the bowels; when it may be attended by agonizing colics, contraction of the abdomen about the navel, with throbbing; sensations of heat or coldness in the abdomen; ineffectual efforts to evacuate, with painful constriction of the anus; for persons of a paralytic diathe- sis, affected with palsy, epilepsy, dropsy or emaciation, &c. DOSE.—Give a drop, or four globules, every six hours, until relievc.l. 20 218 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; Sepia succus is particularly indicated for constipation in females, or for persons addicted to rheumatism; and in some cases it may be regarded a useful remedy after Nux vomica or Sulphur, when either of them has proved inefficacious. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or four globules, in two tablespoon- fuls of water; give a tablespoonful morning and evening. Sulphur is useful in most cases of constipation, espe- cially after the use of Nux vom., for persons of a melan- choly disposition, who are subject to piles, and also when there is frequent and ineffectual effort to evacuate, with confined flatus, distention of the abdomen, and unfit- ness for intellectual labor. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, night and morning. Veratrum is useful for obstinate constipation, with ineffectual efforts to evacuate, on account of deficient expulsive power of the large intestine; or torpidity of the rectum, attended with congestion of the head, and flushed face; or for nausea, with sour or bitter eructations, and tenderness of the abdomen to the touch; and also for bilious and gastric affections; for infants and young children, after having been drugged with quinine. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoon- fuls of water; give a spoonful three times a day, until there is an ameliora- tion or change. Diet.—Persons afflicted with costiveness should avoid all high seasoned food, and coffee, and green tea, and bread made of superfine flour. They may be allowed bran bread, crackers, apples and other fruits, tender beef and mutton, puddings made of rice or bread, and sauce made of prunes, peaches or plums. Patients should regularly go to stool, so as to establish the habit of regular evacuations. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 219 17.—Diarrhoea. This disease consists of loose or watery evacuations from the bowels, brought on by various causes; some- times by fright, fear or vexation; from sudden check of perspiration; from taking cold; from disordered sto- mach and bowels, and from excessive heat. Some diseases terminate in diarrhoea, and some com- mence with the same difficulty; but in all cases it may be regarded a morbid state of the functions. It is not unfrequently the case that diarrhoea is connected with affections of the liver or kidneys. As in the treatment of constipation the use of cathar- tics or aperients is discouraged on account of the pros- tration they occasion, as well as on account of their failure in producing any good effect other than an ephemeral palliation. So in arresting diarrhoea, astrin- gent drinks and other artificial means should be laid aside as having a decidedly injurious effect. The sud- den arrest of diarrhoea very often causes the disease to tend strongly towards the head, and not unfrequently, fatal consequences result. The usual consequences of suppressed diarrhoea are dyspepsia, liver complaint, and other kindred difficulties, and these affections are by far more difficult to remove after suppressed diarrhoea than before, because impuri- ties that would have passed off are retained and thrown back upon the system. It will therefore be regarded in the utmost degree dangerous to thus throw back upon the system what may prove so injurious, by sud denly arresting a diarrhoea; besides arresting a diarrhoea is by no means curing it; it is only changing the disease into another form which may prove much more formi- dable than the diarrhoea itself. 220 diseases of the digestive organs; Many have supposed that the alimentary canal is a tube smooth on its inner surface, through which can be forced whatever it contains without injury or violence, but this is an erroneous idea; the intestinal tube is a living organ and needs no activity to speed its contents on their way; no force can be applied with impunity. Its very structure indicates that nature is averse to forcible evacuations of any kind, either from disease or drugs, and there never is diarrhoea only when some diseased action, opposed to nature, is operative. When diarrhoea is produced by aperient medicines, in the attempt to rid the body of the poisonous materials, even if accomplished, it leaves the intestines very weak and relaxed. If the purgative were not a poison it would not purge at all, for only such things as the body cannot suffer, but ejects, acts as aperients. The poisonous effects of these medicines become most evi- dent when they remain in the body; for when the body has not the power to reject them they show their whole force as a poison. You will be told that it is the disease which produces these symptoms, but do not believe it, it is false; more persons die of magnesia or castor oil, or more children die of rhubarb, than of arsenic, of which every one is afraid. With costive evacuations the action of the intestines is greater, or the excrements could not be ejected, and consequently nothing can remain behind; for the hard excrements we find always to fill the intestines completely, which is never the case in diarrhoea. When the action of the intestine stops, it is true the contents remain stationary, but it can easily be excited again, as has been shown under "constipation? Doctors who dissect thousands of bodies almost always find impurities in those who have had diarrhoea, but never in those who have been constipated. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 221 When loose evacuations relieve a patient who is suffering from some complaint, wait awhile before giving him medicine, and resort to it only in case of its continuing so long as to be injurious. Although diarrhoea affords evidence of disordered action in the system somewhere, yet it does occur when it should not be meddled with, because it is nature's method of affording relief, and this obtained, the diarrhoea passes away without requiring any medical aid. Such is the case with children when teething, and it is always better to wait a day or two when it occurs before giving any medicine. With respect to the treatment of the various kinds of diarrhoea, it is partly general and partly medicinal. Medical Treatment.—The remedies used, are Arse- nicum, Antimonium crud., Bryonia, Calcarea carb., Chamomilla, China, Colocynthis, Dulcamara, Ipeca- cuanha, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Ehus tox., Secale, Sulphur, and Veratrum. Arsenicum is indicated when the diarrhoea is watery or slimy, whitish, greenish, or brownish, taking place principally at night, after midnight, or towards the morning, or else after eating or drinking, with grip- ing, burning, or tearing pains in the abdomen; vio- lent thirst, anorexia with nausea, or else vomiting; excessive emaciation; great weakness; sleeplessness and anxiety at night; distension of the abdomen; coldness of the extremities; paleness of the face, with sunken cheeks and hollow eyes, surrounded by a livid circle. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules may be dissolved in half a tumbler of water, and a teaspoonful may be given every two hours, and in some violent cases, every hour, until a reaction, or change. Antimonium crud. may be successfully employed when there is watery diarrhoea, with disordered stomach; 20* 222 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; tongue covered with a white coating; loss of appetite; belching and nausea. It is particularly adapted for aged persons, and fox females during pregnancy, or when lying in; and in some cases of diarrhoea, during denti- tion in children. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every two hours; or if the disease is not very violent, give a teaspoonful every three or four hours, until amelioration or change. Bryonia may be used in diarrhoea that occurs during the heat of summer, and more particularly when it is caused by cold drinks; or when it is brought on by vexation or fright, or a fit of passion, It is a valuable remedy to call into requisition after Chamomilla has proved inefficient. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Calcarea carb. is a useful remedy in diarrhoea of long standing, and especially if it occurs in scrofulous children, and seems to be attended with weakness emaciation, paleness of the face, and keen appetite. It is useful after the ineffectual employment of Sulphur. DOSE—One drop, or four globules, night and morning. Chamomilla is a most effectual remedy for watery slimy, bilious diarrhoea, of a greenish or yellow color, mingled frequently with undigested food, rumbling in the bowels, want of appetite, thirst, coated tongue, tearing colic, or griping fulness in the stomach, distension and hardness of the bowels, frequent eructations or bilious vomitings, bitter taste in the mouth. It is a useful remedy for children, and in young children, when attended with crying, agitation, tossing, constant desire to be carried in the arms. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 223 DOSE.—Children may have two globules every three hours, until relieved. Adults may require a drop, or four globules, every three, four, or six hours, until better, or a change. China is indicated in profuse, watery, and brownish diarrhoea, mingled with undigested portions of the food; at night, or soon after eating, with violent pressive con- strictive colic. It is also useful in painless diarrhoea, and great weakness in the abdomen; rumbling in the bowels; eructations; burning pains in the arms; want of appetite; violent thirst; and general debility. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoon- fuls of water, give a teaspoonful every four hours, until amelioration, or change. Colocynthis is more particularly useful in bilious or watery diarrhoea, with violent spasmodic colic, especially when caused by vexation or fits of passion, and when Chamomilla has previously been used with only partial success. Chamomilla is also a good remedy to be employed after Colocynthis, when the latter has provec insufficient. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of wate and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until mitigation, or change. Dulcamara is indicated when there are liquid yellowish, slimy, or bilious evacuations; or when theip are evacuations at night, composed of slimy matter, ane1 crude undigested particles of food, with colic and griping especially around the navel; want of appetite, and violem thirst; nausea, or else vomiting; paleness of the face great lassitude and uneasiness; and particularly when th* diarrhoea has been brought on by a cold. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in half a tumble jf water, and a teaspoonful may be given every four hours, until relief v obtained, or there is necessity for a change. Ipecacuanha is a useful remedy when nausea, ane1 vomiting of whitish or greenish mucus, attends a watery 224 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; or slimy diarrhoea, of greenish or yellowish appearance; tearing colic, or cuttings in children, with cries, tossing and restlessness; accumulation of saliva in the mouth; distension of the bowels; weakness, with desire to con- tinue lying clown; paleness of the face, with livid circle round the eyes; coldness; irritability, and irascibility. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration, or change. Mercurius is called into use when the evacuations are principally at night, and are of a bilious, slimy, or frothy appearance; or sanguineous stools of a greenish, yellowish, or whitish color, sometimes attended with straining; burning and itching, and excoriation of the anus; violent colic, or griping; heartburn, nausea, and eructations; shivering, and shuddering, and perspiration, sometimes cold, with trembling and great lassitude. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration, or change. Nux vomica is more particularly useful when there are frequent but scanty evacuations, of watery, whitish, or greenish stools, with colio, and straining, or bearing down pains in the rectum; and also if there is nausea and vertigo, on rising up. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until mitigation, or change. Phosphoric acid is useful when the evacuations are involuntary, and of a dark, dirty, painless character; or when they are watery or slimy, with particles of undi- gested matter. DOSE—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbleT of water, give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration, or change. Pulsatilla is indicated when the evacuations are of a pap-like consistence, or slimy, bilious or watery, and OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 225 of a whitish, yellowish, or greenish color, or else which change their character; and also when they are liquid and fetid, with excoriations of the anus; bitter taste in the mouth; white coating upon the tongue; nausea; disagreeable eructations, or else slimy, bitter vomiting; colic and cutting pains, especially at night. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoon- fuls of water, give a teaspoonful every three hours, until a change. Ehus tox. may be successfully employed against diarrhoea that takes place principally at night, with pains in the limbs, headache, and colic which seems to be invariably aggravated after eating or drinking. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until complete relief is obtained, or there is mitigation, or else a change. Secale is particularly indicated in painless evacua- tions, attended with great weakness, or watery faeces, or yellow or greenish, expelled promptly and with great violence, and frequently involuntarily; and also when there are evacuations of undigested matters, attended with colic and griping, especially at night; mucous coating upon the tongue; clammy taste; frequent rumb- ling in the bowels, and much flatulency, with fulness and distension of the abdomen. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until mitigation or change. Sulphur is certainly a valuable remedy in many cases of the most obstinate diarrhoea, and is especially indicated when the evacuations are frequent, and principally at night with colic, straining, distension of the bowels, oppression of the chest, shivering, and great weakness; slimy or watery; frothy or putrid evacuations of a whitish or greenish color, mingled with undigested matters; or when the evacuations are sour or bloody; and also when 226 diseases of the digestive organs; a slight cold invariably aggravates the diarrhoea or brings it on; and also when there is rapid emaciation. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, night and morning. Veratrum is particularly indicated when the evacua- tions are of a thin watery appearance, attended with great prostration; nausea and vomiting; rapid sinking of the system and emaciation; and also when there is rice water evacuations, attended with cramps in the stomach and bowels. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoon- fuls of water, give a teaspoonful every hour in violent cases, until relief is obtained, or there is amelioration or change. General Treatment and Diet.—Whenever a diar- rhoea commences, the patient should abstain from acids, coffee, tea, and every thing highly seasoned with salt; and also from fruit, either fresh or dried; eggs; chickens; but very little drink should be taken, and this should be restricted to mucilaginous drinks made of rice, barley or gum arabic, oatmeal or hominy. When the patient has an appetite for food, he may be allowed mutton broth, thickened with flour, oatmeal or rice; and also milk fresh from the cow, in moderation, if the patient is fond of it. 18.—Dysentery. (Bloody Flux.) Symptoms.—Constant straining and desire to evacuate the bowels; violent pains and burning in the lower bowels; more or less fever; and the stools are either of mucus or blood, and sometimes of both. The disease is generally preceded by loss of appetite; chilliness and fever; nausea or vomiting, or costiveness; this state is soon succeeded by dull pains in the abdomen; increase of the fever; loose evacuations, generally of OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 227 mucus at first, then mucus mixed with blood, and some- times of pure blood, with intense pains and almost inces- sant desire for a stool, with violent straining; under some circumstances the disease comes on without any previous warning. The disease may occur during any season of the year, but its occurrence is most frequently in the autumn, and very likely it is brought on by a change of the temperature of the weather during the nights, which causes a check of perspiration, and the fluids are driven inward upon the mucus surfaces; or it may be brought on by indulging in unripe fruits or vegetables, drinking cold water when the system is either in a heated state or in profuse perspiration; it frequently occurs in the autumn as an epidemic or endemic, in particular regions of country, and more particularly in low marshy situa- tions. Treatment.—When the patient first experiences any of the premonitory symptoms of the disease, he should avoid all cold drinks, unless prepared with barley or mucilage; and, in fact, the less he drinks the better; his apartments should be well ventilated, and he should rest as much as possible. The remedies employed are Aconite, Arnica, Arseni- cum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Chamomilla, China, Colocynth, Mercurius corr., Nux vomica. Pulsatilla and Sulphur. Aconite is particularly indicated in the commence- ment of dysentery, when it is accompanied with tearing, cutting pains, resembling rheumatism in the upper and lower extremities, neck and shoulders; violent chills; excessive heat and thirst; bilious or thin watery evacua- tions, sometimes mixed with mucus slightly tinged with blood; dull or cutting pains in the bowels; it is a remedy 228 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; often used in autumnal dysenteries, when there are warm days and cold nights. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until there is a change in the symptoms, and some other remedy is required. Arnica is useful in autumnal dysentery, when the disease makes its appearance by pains and aching in the limbs and lumbar region, as if they had been bruised or beaten; and when there is a soreness remaining after straining at stool; and also when there is an ineffectual straining and urging to stool, and contusive pains in the sides of the abdomen. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until there is a change of symptoms demanding another remedy. Arsenicum is indicated when the stools have a putrid smell, and when they pass involuntarily; when the urine becomes offensive, and there is great loss of strength and benumbing of the faculties, with a fetid odor from the mouth; and when there are red or blue spots that make their appearance here and there upon the surface of the body; and also when there is tossing about in great agony, as if there was no rest to be had; the spirits sunken, the patient looks for death, and when at the same time the breath is cool or else burning; Carbo veg. may be used after Arsenicum, if this remedy should pro- duce no amelioration; when it aggravates, Nux vomica should be given; if the putrid smell still remains after having given Carbo veg., give China, allowing an interval of two or three hours between the employment of the different remedies. DOSE.—If alone, give one drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of w^t every four hours, allowing the same interval to elapse between the u?e of different remedies. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 229 Arsenicum and Carbo veg. may be given in alterna- tion every three hours, or with Nux vom. in the same way; but it is decidedly best to give each remedy by itself, until there is amelioration or indication for a change. Belladonna is indicated when there is frequent small evacuations of blood, attended with severe pain in the front of the head, and chilliness extending down the back, or when there are involuntary stools. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Bryonia is of great service in the incipient stage of dysentery, when it occurs in warm weather, and is brought on by partaking of unripe fruit, and when it is worse after drinking or eating the smallest quantities, and when there is nausea and yellow or dark colored coating upon the tongue, and bile mixed with mucus and blood in the stools. It is an excellent remedy to follow Aconite, after this remedy has reduced in some measure the febrile symptoms. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until mitigation or change. Chamomilla is very suitable after Aconite, if there is still some fever and thirst and rheumatic pains, particu- larly in the neck and head; or when there is nausea, foul tongue, bilious stools, bitter taste, &c, and particu- larly if the disease succeeded immediately after a sudden check of perspiration, or if accompanied with great agitation and tossing. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be given every four hours. China is indicated for those dysenteries that appear in marshy districts afflicting many persons at a time, 21 230 diseases of the digestive organs; and particularly when the disease is of an intermittent form, or worse every other day. DOSE.—Dissolve one dr«jp, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change Colocynth. is indicated when there is extreme pain in the bowels, as if the intestines were pressed between hard substances ; the patient writhing with pain ; slimy stools, sometimes mixed with blood; the bowels much distended, sometimes like a drum; fulness and pressure of the bowels; shuddering, commencing in the abdomen and extending over the whole body; white mucus coat- ing upon the tongue. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, until some relief, and then every four hours. Mercurius vivus is particularly useful when there is an urgent desire to evacuate, accompanied by a sense as if the intestines were being pressed out; after much straining a discharge of light blood, or greenish, broken up matters, mixed with blood, and the straining aug- mented after the evacuation. This remedy is very useful for the disease in children, when accompanied with crying and screaming. Mercurius corr. is the chief remedy resorted to by some physicians in autumnal dysentery, and is particularly useful after Aconite, when attended by much straining and colic, and also when in the commencement, there is considerable discharge of mucus, bile and blood; Colocynth. is useful after Mer- curius corr., provided it has failed of affording relief. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, of either, as indi- cated ; give a teaspoonful every three hours, until the patient is better, or a change of remedy is required. Nux vomica.—Small, frequent evacuations of bloody slime with tenesmus, violent cutting about the umbilical OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 231 region, heat and thirst. Particularly useful when the dysentery occurs during the heat of the summer, and particularly when Arsenicum only aggravates the putrid smell of the evacuations. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water ; give a teaspoonful every hour. Pulsatilla is of service when the stools are chiefly mucus, streaked with blood; nausea and coated tongue; bitter taste in the mouth; and in other respects when the symptoms may indicate the use of Nux vom. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water; give a teaspoonful every two hours, until amelioration or change. Sulphur is of great use when the disease seems protracted, and also when any of the remedies employed in the disease fails of affording entire relief. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, of Sulphur, may be given twice a day. Diet.—During the febrile stage of the disease give barley water as a drink, and avoid the use of cold water. No solid food will be required. Boiled milk, diluted with water, may be allowed in moderation, and also weak mutton soup after the fever has subsided, but no solid food should be taken until the cessation of the dysenteric stools, and then such as is of easy digestion and of a nutritive quality. 19.—Cholera Morbus. Symptoms.—Violent vomiting and purging; pain in the stomach and abdomen; thirst, and sometimes cramps and coldness of the extremities; before the attack there is generally some indications of its approach. Some- times shivering, pain in the stomach, and nausea; but there are occasionally attacks of the disease, without 232 diseases of the digestive organs; any premonition whatever; violent vomiting and purg- ing setting in at the same time. The contents of the stomach are first ejected, and afterwards bile. It is in the very severe forms of the disease that cramps in the muscles, paleness of the surface, pinched features, sunken eyes, cold and clammy skin, and great anxiety and depression seem to characterize the disease. The disease is of so short duration that attacks frequently come on at night, and by morning the patient may be entirely relieved, and nearly if not quite well. The disease is common to warm climates, and warm seasons, and occurs the most frequently in the latter part of summer or early part of autumn. Causes.—Improper diet, unripe fruits, or cucumbers, are generally considered as among the exciting causes; eating too much at a time, and indulging in too great a variety of luxuries, at a meal, and then exposing oneself to the heat of the weather, are also to be avoided as inducing the disease; sudden changes of temperature, great fatigue, the too free use of ice, or ice water, or ices of any kind, may also be reckoned among the exciting causes. Treatment.—The principal remedies are the follow- ing: Arsenicum, Chamomilla, China, Cuprum, Ipeca- cuanha, Nux vomica, Verairum. Arsenicum is indicated when the disease commences with violence, and is attended with rapid prostration of strength; insatiable thirst; excessive anxiety, with fear of approaching death; burning sensation in the region of the stomach; almost constant discharge from the bowels; or recurrence of the evacuations after drinking anything. When there is suppression of urine, or scanty discharge, followed by burning sensation; violent pain, OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 233 and vomiting; tongue and lips dry, cracked, and of a dark or blackish appearance; hollow cheeks; pinched appearance of the nose; small, weak, trembling, and sometimes nearly imperceptible pulse; severe cramps in the extremities, and clammy perspiration. DOSE___Dissolve two drops of the dilution, or twelve globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every half hour, until some mitigation of symptoms, and then, every hour until the disease appears to be further reduced, and then, one in two, three, or even four hours, until complete convalescence is established. Chamomilla is useful when the attack is induced by some severe mental emotion, or fit of passion; or if indicated by the following symptoms: severe colic; heavy pressure in the region of the navel, sometimes extending to the heart, with excessive anguish; bilious diarrhoea; cramps in the calves of the legs; yellow coating upon the tongue, and sometimes vomiting of acid matter. DOSE.__Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, for three or four times, and then, if there is the slightest amelioration, give a teaspoonful every two or three hours, until completely relieved. China is not somuclrfndicated during the attack, as after it, to obviate the weakness which remains. Sometimes, however, it is of use during the course of the disease, particularly when there is vomiting of food, and frequent watery and brownish evacuations, containing portions of undigested food; and when there is oppression at the chest, with eructations which afford temporary relief; Severe pressure in the abdomen, especially after partak- ing of the smallest portion of food; great exhaustion, sometimes amounting to fainting. This remedy is particularly marked when the disease has been excited by crude, indigestible substances, such as unripe fruit, &c. 21* 234 diseases of the digestive organs; DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, if the attack has subsided; but every two hours if given during the attack. Cuprum is requisite when there are violent cramps in the extremities, especially in the calves of the legs, fingers and toes; it is useful also when the evacuations are very frequent and whitish, with intense pains in the bowels, bluish appearance of the skin, &c. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every half hour or hour, according to the severity of the case. Ipecacuanha is sometimes useful after Chamomilla, in the treatment of this affection, should the vomiting continue or become aggravated; or it may be given as the principal remedy when vomiting predominates, or at least exists in as great a degree as the diarrhoea. Nux vomica is exceedingly useful after Ipecacuanha, should there be anxiety, pain in the abdomen, frequent small evacuations, and straining, with headache. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every two hours, until amelioration, or change. Nux vomica is exceedingly '•eful when the disease comes on suddenly, with vomiting and purging, simul- taneously, with much anxiety, and pain in the bowels; evacuations frequent and small; or ineffectual urging to stool; or cramps. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every three hours, dissolved in a spoonful of water. Veratrum is a very useful remedy to succeed Nux vomica, provided there appears to be any increase of the disease, and particularly if there is violent vomiting, with severe diarrhoea; excessive weakness, and cramps in the calves of the legs; eyes hollow or sunken; countenance pale, and expressive of acute suffering; coldness of the OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 235 extremities; violent pain in the region of the stomach, and about the navel; tenderness of the bowels when touched; pains and cramps in the fingers; shrivelled appearance of the skin, or the palmar surfaces. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every half hour, until amelioration of the disease, and then every hour, or two hours, &c, according to the violence of the disease. 20.—Asiatic Cholera. This formidable disease, so much dreaded in the community, is generally preceded by certain sufferings, or premonitory symptoms, which have continued for several days before the more certain phenomena of the disease appears; or these premonitory symptoms may not have made their appearance three hours before the attack. These premonitory symptoms are great debility, as if the patient had suffered great loss of blood; dimness of vision, with giddiness and noises in the ears; and also much thirst, loss of appetite, and distension of the bowels. The principal symptoms are vomiting and purging; the purging commencing generally sometime before the vomiting. If the disease is not soon checked the evacuations become frequent, ultimately assuming a copious liquid, watery and inodorous character, resembling rice water, and on this account the evacuations are generally termed rice water discharges; the patient becomes very restless as these evacuations continue; cramps attack the calves of the legs, fingers and toes, and sometimes even the muscles of the abdomen. If the disease is not arrested in this stage, a still more formidable character will soon develope itself; for the constant watery discharges must soon exhaust the body 236 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; so as to bring on collapse or the blue stage; the pulse almost imperceptible; coldness of the extremities, and thence of the body in general, including the face; the countenance seems pallid and sunken; eyes very much sunken in the sockets; and the thirst almost unquench- able, and the restlessness so excessive as to defy all efforts to obviate it; the breath becomes cold, and the skin over the hands and body become shrivelled and shrunken; the urine is suppressed; the nose becomes cold, and in some cases gangrenous; the voice husky; the breathing becomes slower and slower; hiccough precedes death. This is the course when the disease terminate^ fatally; but when it terminates favorably the pulse rises, the blue- ness disappears, warmth is restored to the body, and gene- ral reaction indicated by heat, fever and headache takes place; the reaction in some cases is so great that the utmost efforts of the physician are required to save the patient from the fatal efforts of congestion of some of the internal vital organs. Causes.—The nature of the malaria from which cholera originates, is unknown; but we may reckon among the exciting causes,—living in filthy, crowded and badly ventilated places; errors of diet; extreme changes of habits; excessive or habitual use of intoxi- cating drinks or purgative medicines; severe mental emotions; excesses of any kind; and even debility may act as exciting causes. When the disease prevails epidemically, many seem to predispose themselves to become its victims through fear and anxiety. The best security against the disease when it prevails, is to live on unconcerned in the regular dis- charge of the uses of life, partaking of the regular ordi- nary diet, keeping free from excitement or any thing OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 237 that depresses the spirits; in short, the best prevention of the cholera is a fearless discharge of duty, without regard to the future, and a clear conscience before God and man. , Treatment.—The remedies which have been the most successful in grappling with this scourge of mankind, are Arsenicum, Carbo veg., Camphor, Cuprum., Ipecacuanha, Phosphorus, Phos. acid, Sulphur and Veratrum. It is probable that several remedies will be required in curing any single case; some will be found useful in the first stage, some in the second, others in other stages, &c. Arsenicum is particularly indicated after Ipecacuanha, when the purging and vomiting become very frequent; and when the evacuations from the bowels become very thin, watery, brownish or blackish color, and of a putrid smell; or like rice water and nearly void of smell, but accompanied by cramps in the stomach and bowels; and burning pains in the stomach, with violent thirst and great prostration of strength; also burning in the anus and rectum, with tenesmus. This remedy is also worthy of attention in the last stage of the disease. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water. and give a teaspoonful every twenty or thirty minutes, until amelioration or change, Carbo veg. is indicated when the disease has pro- gressed to a stage of collapse or asphyxia; the pulse scarcely perceptible; the surface cold and bluish; the breath cold; or when the evacuations and cramps have ceased, and congestion of the chest takes place, if reaction should ensue after this remedy has been given, and the cramps, vomiting and purging ensue, it will be necessary to recur to Veratrum or some other remedy suited to a prior stage. DOSE.—The same in all respects as for Arsenicum. 238 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; Camphor is of great service in the early stage of the disease, both as a curative and preventive of a more serious stage. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be given every hour until amelioration or change; when taken as a preventive it may be repeated three or four times a day. Cuprum is very suitable after Veratrum, or it may be useful as an alternating remedy; when, the latter has failed to remove the cramps, which are violent, and extend over the whole body, or change to spasms or convulsions, with constriction of the chest and difficult respiration. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in two tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every fifteen minutes at first, until there is a change in the symptoms. Ipecacuanha is indicated in the first stage of the disease, when there is nausea and sickness of the sto- mach, slight diarrhoea, and is very effectual in arresting the disease in the first stage. DOSE.—Dissolve twodrops,or twelve globules,in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every thirty minutes, until amelioration or change. Phosphorus is indicated for the looseness of the bowels and diarrhoea, which results from the irritability or weak- ness, that often occurs after an attack of cholera. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, three times a day. Phosphoric acid is of great service in the diarrhoea which generally precedes cholera. So certain and salu- tary is its effect that some regard it a specific, particu- larly if the evacuations are frequent, loose and slimy, or of a whitish gray color, or if thfey consist of undigested substances. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour or two hours, according to the severity of the symptoms, until amelioration or change. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 239 Sulphur is reckoned among the best remedies for the cholerine, or diarrhoea preceding cholera, especially when there is but Httle sick stomach, and when the patient complains of dimness of vision, giddiness, ringing in the ears and want of appetite, with tumid abdomen; the stools watery, frothy or mucous, and sometimes of a whitish or greenish color, occurring oftener at night. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a dessertspoonful every six hours, until amelioration or change. Veratrum is a very useful remedy in cholera when it becomes fully developed; when there are rice-water discharges almost constant, with cramps in the calves of the legs, fingers, toes, and sometimes of the muscles of the abdomen and chest; great restlessness and anxiety, and cold extremities. DOSE.—Of a solution of two drops, or ten globules, in half a tumbler of water; give a teaspoonful every fifteen minutes, until several doses are taken, or there is a decided change in the symptoms. It may sometimes be used in alternation with Arsenicum, especially when the pains are of a burning character, and when the thirst is unquenchable, and the evacua- tions increased by taking cold water. Veratrum, Cuprum and Camphor are highly recom- mended as preventives of the disease; to be taxen three times a day during an epidemic. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, of either. During the treatment of cholera the patient should be kept in a warm room, and the external heat of the body should be kept up as much as possible by the application of friction and bottles of hot water to the abdomen and feet. Salt, heated, and put in small bags, may be placed around the patient and over the limbs. Oats, heated, and applied in the same manner, is a very good way of keeping up artificial warmth. 240 diseases of the digestive organs; To quench the intense thirst, small pieces of ice may be placed in the mouth of the patient from time to time. Cramps in the intestines, or colic, may sometimes be relieved by injections of cold water. The manner and indications for using the principle remedies in cholera, are embraced in the foregoing, but nevertheless it may be well to give an example of their use in a single case. A.----B.----, aged 25; first felt nausea and sickness at the stomach; had slight diarrhoea; was given Ipecacu- anha every thirty minutes, as directed. The nausea merged into vomiting, and the diarrhoea, instead of abating, became aggravated; the remedy was discontinued, and Veratrum substituted in its place, and given as directed for the use of that remedy; but in spite of this, the patient merged into a state of collapse, and then Carbo vegetabilis was given. It will be seen from this that a remedy must invariably be discontinued when it becomes apparent that it does not meet the case, and one better adapted to cover the symptoms must be selected. Often in the commencement, Sulphur may be used, but if it fails of success, perhaps Cuprum may be called into requisition, and if this fails, Arsenicum, if indicated, may be used, and so on. Diet and Eegimen.—As soon as cholera passes off, the patient needs nourishment to aid the- recuperative energies of nature in restoring strength ; but during the time the disease is raging there is no food required, and it would be decidedly better for the patient if he would take very little drink, if any; but after the disease has spent its violence, and the patient has been left in a prostrated condition, the greatest care should be exer- cised in the selection of diet, at first, when the stomach OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 241 is yet weak. Arrow root gruel may be given, or in its stead gruel made of groats, rice flour, corn starch, and then a little plain toast, and then the same with butter, and then mutton soup, not very strong; thus gradually strengthening the food as the condition of the patient can bear it, until he is able to eat and drink regularly. Care should be taken to provide suitable clothing, and to guard against the extremes of temperature. 21.—Cholerine. It may have been noticed that an affection bearing this name is treated of in the books, but it is to all appearance the beginning of cholera, and usually pre- vails in all places where the epidemic cholera is prevail- ing at the same period. The remedies suitable for this affection may be found under Diarrhoea, of which Sul- phur, Nux vomica, Phosphoric acid, &c, are among the best. 22.—Colic. {Enteralgia.) This disease consists of greater or less degree of pain: griping, cutting, tearing, gnawing pain in the'abdomen, more particularly about the region of the navel; gene- rally occurs in paroxysms; sometimes the abdomen is drawn in, at other times it is distended like a drum; pressure generally relieves the pain, as' the bowels are seldom painful to the touch. Sometimes the pains are accompanied with costiveness and sometimes by vomit- ing or diarrhoea. Colic may be distinguished from inflammation of the bowels by the character of the pulse, which is soft and yielding; whereas it is febrile and sometimes accelerated in the latter disease. 22 242 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; It may be distinguished from hernia or rupture by the tumor which is always present in the latter diffi- culty. Causes.—Errors of diet; constipation; flatulent food; grief; dissipation ; cold, and whatever produces inaction of the bowels, or derangement of the digestive organs. It may arise from any obstruction in the intestinal canal, from cancer or intussusception, or stricture of the intestine. Flatulent or wind colic frequently occurs in children, fed on an improper diet, and in persons suffering from dyspepsia, particularly those fed upon improper food, or who are addicted to the use of ardent spirits. Bilious colic generally occurs when the patient has been suffering under symptoms of disordered stomach and intestines, such as bitter taste, yellow fur on the tongue; nausea and vomiting; severe cutting or writhing pain, with thirst and anxiety; after suffering a while from the pain, vomiting supervenes, the bowels are freely moved with bilious stools, under proper treatment, the pain abates gradually, and the patient recovers. Painter's or Lead Colic. (Colicapidonum.) This disease is brought on by being exposed to the action of lead, and is a common affection among painters, who use the white lead, and among those who work in lead mines, or lead factories, in smelting ores. The symptoms of this difficulty, are loss of appetite, restless nights, and disturbance of the nervous system. This is followed by vomiting, pain in the abdomen, at first in paroxysms, but generally increasing until it becomes continuous. There is but little fever, but there is con- OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 243 siderable headache, pain in the limbs, obstinate consti- pation, and sometimes paralysis of the extremities. When a bluish line, extending along the edge of the gums, it may be regarded a symptom of lead colic. General Treatment. — A warm bath will often produce speedy relief. Hot water sweetened with molasses, may frequently relieve flatulent colic, for a time, taken internally; placing the patient in a warm bed, or in a position to be surrounded by heat, will often afford salutary relief. Warm clothes placed over the abdomen, is a resort that frequently affords relief. The remedies employed, are Aconite, Belladonna, Chamomilla, China, Cocculus, Colocynthis, Ignatia, Mercurius viv., Nux vomica, Pulsatilla and Sulphur. Aconite is indicated when in addition to violent colicky pains, and griping, rumbling, and heat of the abdomen, and pains in the small of the back, there is an affection of the bladder, with pain, and a perpetual inclination to make water, without being able to pass urine; and also when there is accompanying the difficulty of the bladder, nervousness and uneasiness, and the abdomen is excessively sensitive. DOSE._ One drop, or six globules, in two spoonfuls of water, to be given four hours apart; then follow with some other remedy that may be indicated. Belladonna is indicated when there is redness of the face, and tendency of blood to the head, and the pains in the abdomen, are so violent as to render the patient almost distracted; and also when there are pains under the navel, and griping, as if produced by taking hold of the parts with the finger nails, and accompanied by pains in the small of the back. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a dessertspoonful every half hour, for several times, and then 244 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; every hour, or two hours, or follow with some other remedy indicated, if necessary. Chamomilla is useful when there are pains in the stomach, and abdomen, attended with great restlessness and anxiety, with blue circles under the eyes, and much saliva in the mouth, tearing pains around the navel, and sensation as if the back were broken in the lumbar region. This remedy is suited for colic in children, and adults when attended with the above symptoms. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every half hour; in severe cases. Pulsatilla is a suitable remedy to follow, when Chamomilla fails. China is very suitable for flatulent colic in debilitated persons, when it comes on after heavy sweats, or in females when nursing, or when there appears to be a contraction of the intestines in the lower part of the abdomen, and tensive pains and tension under the short ribs, as if there was an incarceration of wind. DOSE.—Dissolve one droj or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a spoonful every 1 mr until relieved, or there is necessity for change. Cocculus is indicated when the colic is attended with constipation and sense of weight in the abdomen, with rolling and rumbling with great heat, and particularly when there is a contraction in the bowels downward, attended with nausea; or when there is accumulation of wind in the stomach and intestines causing distension of the upper portion of the bowels, and pain with rattling in the stomach and pressure under the ribs, which seve- rally become relieved when the wind is dislodged and passes off upwards. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or eight globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every half hour for two or three times, and then at longer intervals, until complete relief is obtained. Colocynthis is particularly indicated when the pains are intense and constant, or cease only for a short time, OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 245 and then commencing of more intensity than ever; and when the most violent pain is confined to a small spot about the navel, and returns periodically about every five or ten minutes; or when it commences with a slight draw- ing pain tending to the centre, which gradually augments, and finally changes to a boring or tearing pain, so violent as to cause the patient to cry out and shriek aloud, and to twist about; is covered with perspiration; and is disposed to press against something for relief, or to press the abdo- men with the hands. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, dissolved in a spoonful of water, may be given every hour. Ignatia is useful for colic produced by any emotional excitement or grief, and for that which awakens the patient out of sleep; when there are shooting pains, which extend into the chest and sides, when the wind is discharged with much difficulty, and after which the pains become less acute; it is suitable for sensitive females; when the colic commences in the evening, and the flatu- lency causes nausea and vomiting, Pulsatilla is better. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water; give a teaspoonful every half hour until relieved, or there is necessity for change of remedy. Mercurius viv. is particularly indicated when there is violent writhing colic, and hardness around the navel; jerking pain in the muscles of the abdomen, which is inflamed and hard; when there is crawling in the throat; hiccoughing; voracious appetite; dislike for sweet things; nausea, with water rising in the throat; straining evacua- tions ; secretion of slime; great debility; severest attacks occur about midnight; when this remedy is indicated and fails, and the patient has an itching of the nose, take China; and if this fails after one or two doses, try Sulphur, which, without doubt, will effect a cure. 22* 246 diseases of the digestive organs; DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, until amelioration or change. Nux vomica is indicated when there are costiveness, sensation of weight in the abdomen, with rolling and uneasy feeling, and great heat; when the pains are pinching, drawing, compressing, as if the intestines were severely pressed in various parts; oppression in the pit of the stomach; the abdomen is painful when touched; the breath short and difficult; a general feeling of dis- tension ; the parts under the ribs feel as if stuffed, during the most violent paroxysms of pain the hands and feet are cold; sometimes the patient is deprived of consciousness; pain and incarcerated flatus deeply seated in the abomen; a strong pressure on the bladder and rectum, as from a blunt knife; the pain makes the patient double himself up, and is worse at every step; better when at rest, when sitting and lying; when gene- rally attended by violent headache and pain in the small of the back; a number of these symptoms are attributed by ignorant persons to the want of an evacuation, and hence they often resort to some laxative or cathartic, but this is highly pernicious. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every half hour at first, and afterwards every hour or two hours. Pulsatilla is indicated when there are stinging pains in the bowels, and throbbing at the pit of the stomach; a disagreeable tightness in the abdomen, as if it were too full; rumbling; incarcerated wind; irritation and heat of the abdomen, which is inflated; general heat and swelling of the veins on the hands and forehead; heat and tightness so disagreeable as to cause the patient to remove his clothes; the bowels are sore when touched; sensation as if bruised; all the symptoms are aggravated OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 247 wben lying down; but partially relieved when up and walking about; when in attempting to rise up there is pain in the small of the back, as if bruised; and also when there is tearing and shooting pains above the navel; uneasiness; heaviness in the belly, with painful tension; when there is weakness of the stomach, white frothy saliva in the mouth, and diarrhoea; and when there are violent pains in the stomach; pale face; blue circles around the eyes, and contractions of the whole body; pressive headache, caused by overloaded stomach. If Pulsatilla proves insufficient for the relief of these sufferings, give Belladonna, which is very suitable to follow. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour until some relief, and then every two hours. Sulphur is very suitable after Mercurius, and may be resorted to under all circumstances where Mercurius has been tried, according to indicating symptoms, and failed. It is also useful after China. DOSE—One drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until a change is required. In some violent cases of colic, when there appears to be some obstruction, or excessive costiveness; injections may be necessary. If so, to a pint of tepid water add a teaspoonful of salt, and with a good syringe adapted to the purpose, inject it into the bowels. If the first trial does not produce motion of the bowels, the second may be tried. Diet.—It must be apparent to every one that food easy of digestion is required, when suffering from this disease. All articles of diet of a flatulent character must be carefully avoided, and so must any article of food 248 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; which the patient has found to disagree with him. Mut- ton soup may be allowed if there is tendency to diar- rhoea, and if there is not, chicken broth with rice in it would be better. 21.—Flatulency. This condition of the abdominal organs may take place when there is no colic, although there may be great uneasiness from a collection of wind in the intes- tines, attended with heat and fulness of the abdomen, that interferes with respiration. This inconvenience may be felt after drinking beer or water, and after eating flatulent food or fat meats; when the latter is the case, give China, or if it occur in choleric persons, give Nux vomica. To quiet, mild persons, give Pulsa- tilla, or if caused by fat meat or pork, give Pulsatilla; should it return, frequently give Sulphur. DOSE.—Of either of the above remedies, dissolve one drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, and give three times a day. Inflammation of the Stomach. (Gastritis.) Symptoms.—Constant burning, and constrictive pain in the stomach; shortness of breath, and the pain aggra- vated by breathing, pressure or contact; intense thirst, and desire for cooling drinks, which when taken are immediately vomited; small, wiry pulse, often inter- mittent and scarcely to be perceived; scanty urine and stools. These symptoms are uniformly present in the severer forms of the disease, but the milder forms are characterised by less degree of pain, and vomiting not so frequent. Inflammation of the stomach is regarded a dangerous disease, on account of the relative position of the organ OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 249 implicated, and should receive prompt and careful treat- ment. In the severe forms of gastritis, there are great anxiety and prostration; small, thread-like pulse; cold extremi- ties, and often fainting fits and convulsions. When the disease does not terminate in health, it may terminate in gangrene, or nervous paralysis, and consequently death. Causes.—Inflammation of the stomach may result from mechanical injuries, corrosive poisons, as the acids. The use of cold drinks when the stomach is heated; sudden stoppage of bilious diarrhoea and suppression of eruptions; inflammation of adjoining organs, and metastasis or transfer of inflammation of other organs to the stomach. Treatment.—For the treatment of inflammation of the stomach caused by poisons, see Poisons and their Antidotes. The remedies employed in ordinary gas- tritis, are Aconite, Arnica, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bry- onia, Chamomilla, China, Hyoscyamus, Ipecacuanha, Mercurius viv., Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Sulphur and Veratrum. Aconite is indicated at the commencement of the disease in nearly all cases, and particularly when the pain and fever are very violent, and there is great difficulty in breathing, with accelerated pulse. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water; give a teaspoonful every hour, until the patient is better, or there is an aggrava- tion of the sufferings, then select another remedy according to indications. Arnica is indicated when the pains are of a pressing or shooting character, and render the respiration painful and difficult; when the pains resemble those of nervous fever, or when the patient is indifferent, dull and stupid, and does not appear to realize his suffering, but on the 250 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; contrary insists that there is nothing the matter with him. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water,; give a teaspoonful every hour, until the patient is relieved, or the symptoms indicate the use of another remedy. Nux vomica may be given when Arnica affords no relief. Arsenicum may be regarded a very important remedy in the treatment of inflammation of the stomach, when there is rapid prostration of strength, accompanied with burning pain, vomiting, pale, sunken countenance, and coldness of the extremities. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every hour, until some relief is obtained, or tnere is an aggravation of symptoms, and a call for another remedy. Bryonia may be indicated after the use of Aconite, when the fever is intense and the pain violent, and especially if the disease was brought on by cold, or by taking cold drink in an overheated state of the system. it may be administered after Ipecacuanha when that remedy fails of removing the symptoms for which this remedy seems adapted. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water and give a teaspoonful every hour ; after repeating several times without effect, Nux vomica may be given; but if Bryonia ameliorates, it should bo resorted to as often as an aggravation of symptoms become apparent, until it ceases to have a mitigating effect. If stupor and mental aberration attends the disease, Hyoscyamus may be administered several times in succession; if this does not give relief, Belladonna may follow, give one or two doses, and wait a day, if practicable. If the extremities become cold, give Veratrum, especially if the patient seems to be sinking; or Arsenicum may be given if Veratrum seems inefficient. Chamomilla is indicated if the pains are of a dull character, and do not become increased by external pressure, or by exercise, or drawing in the breath; and if there is pressure on the stomach, tension under the ribs, difficulty of breathing, a yellow tongue, bitter OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 251 taste, yellowish skin, and seasons of oppression and restlessness. When these seasons come on frequently during the night, attended with green, slimy diarrhoea, and sickness of stomach, Pulsatilla may be used in alternation with this remedy. If, on the contrary, the bowels are costive, and the chest more affected, Bryonia may be a useful alternating remedy. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every half hour, observe the same rule with each of the remedies, whether used singly, or in alternation. China is indicated when the pain is worse, on the left side under the ribs, whence it extends downwards; and when in the beginning, there is vomiting of blood, and violent fever. DOSE.— One drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in three table- spoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, until a change. Hyoscyamus is indicated when the gastritis is attended with stupor, and the patient is insensible of his sufferings; and also when the patient speaks unconnectedly, this remedy is indicated. DOSE.__Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a dessertspoonful every hour, until better, or a change. Ipecacuanha is especially indicated when the pains are worse in the front part of the bowels, and extend under the ribs on the left side, and thence towards the back, with swelling in the region of the stomach, great agitation and vomiting. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given, and repeated in two hours, if efficacious. Mercurius viv. is particularly indicated when there is pressing pain, that forbids the patient lying on the right side, with bitter taste in the mouth and throat, constant chilliness, yellowness of the eyes and skin. 252 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, when given alone. It may be alternated with Belladonna, and in some cases of a critical character, it may be alternated with Lachesis, at intervals of one hour. Nux vomica is especially indicated for acute pain, frequently attended with throbbing and stitches, and sensitiveness of the part affected, to contact; and also when there is sour, bitter taste in the mouth, with nausea and vomiting; shortness of breath, as if the clothing were too tight; and also when the removal of the clothes aggravates the sufferings; thirst; highly colored, or red urine; and oppressive headache. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoon- fuls of water, give a teaspoonful every hour, for two or three doses, and then change, unless the patient is relieved. Pulsatilla is particularly useful after Ipecacuanha or Bryonia, when the inflammation of the stomach arises from indigestion, or a chill in the stomach, from ice- water or ice. DOSE—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every hour, until amelioration or change. Sulphur is of great service after Nux vomica, if this remedy should prove of little effect in removing the symptoms for which it is indicated, and the stinging pains continue without amelioration. It is also of service after other remedies recommended, when they afford little relief. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every six hours, until three doses are given, and then it is better that several days should elapse before any other remedy should be given, and then, if the disease has been worse, every other day give China as directed for the use of this remedy. Veratrum is indicated in gastritis, when there is vomiting; severe pain in the stomach; sometimes cramps or spasms; prostration of strength; and coldness of the extremities. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 253 DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or eight globules, in four tablespoonfuls of Water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, until three doses are given, and then every two hours, until amelioration or change. The above embraces the principal remedies employed in the treatment of this disease, Opium and Camphor and Hyoscyamus are sometimes called into requisition, when the indication for their use requires them. Diet.—When the disease is in its most active stage, nearly everything taken into the stomach is vomited. A little cold water, or toast water is all that the patient can take. After the violence of the disease has subsided rice, or barley gruel may be given in small quantities, as the patient can bear it; or gruel made of arrow root or farina, may be substituted, if the patient has a preference. 25.—Inflammation of the Bowels. (Enteritis.) This disease is very similar to the preceding, exceed- ingly painful and rapid in its progress. It rarely hap- pens that enteritis sets in by itself, as it is more frequently the sequel of some other disturbance, such as the various forms of fever. Symptoms.—Inflammation of the bowels, when the peritoneal coat is involved, is characterised by intense burning pain in the region of the navel, aggravated by the slightest pressure or movement, with tightness, heat, and distension of the abdomen like a drum; sobbing; anxiety; violent thirst, with aggravation of suffering from cold drinks; obstinate constipation, and great diffi- culty in procuring a movement of the bowels; violent vomiting, sometimes slimy at first, and afterwards of a bilious character, and sometimes of excrementitious matter, and even urine; small and contracted pulse; inflammatory fever; flatulence, and frequently obstruc- tion of the urine. 23 254 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS ; When the peritoneal coat is not primarily the seat of the suffering, the pain is not so severely felt. It is more diffused, and consists of soreness, which is gene- rally made worse by pressure. Indigestible food or cold drinks almost invariably cause an aggravation of pain; the tongue is often very red, smooth and glossy; and generally speaking, the tongue is red at the tip and margins, however dirty or foul the centre may be. There is also loss of appetite; difficult digestion; nausea and vomiting in a greater or less degree, mainly depend- ent upon the portion of the intestinal tube affected. The vomiting is always greater when the seat of inflam- mation is near the stomach. That inflammation of the bowels which is remote from the stomach and near the large intestine, often gives rise to mucous diarrhoea, mixed with blood, and in some cases consisting of pure blood, when the inflammation and pain is severe; when the large intestine, and particularly the rectum, is impli- cated, there is considerable straining; rapid pulse; fre- quently excessive thirst; variable degree of fever and extreme prostration. Sometimes inflammation of the bowels terminates by resolution, or in other words, passes off without any disorganization, and the intestines resume their accus- tomed state of health. When the peritoneal coat is involved it often termi- nates in dropsy, (ascites,) suppuration or gangrene. When the lower portions of the intestinal tube are involved, it often terminates in induration or hardening the intestines, and lays the foundation for chronic con- stipation. Causes.—Among the exciting causes may be reck- oned the frequent use of cathartics; mechanical injuries; OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 255 errors in diet; abuse of ardent spirits; suppressed erup- tion ; cold; worms; prolonged use of acids; highly stimulating diet, &c. General and preventive treatment.—In order to guard against the disease, it is necessary to lead a regular course of life; to avoid a deteriorating atmosphere; to subsist on digestible food, and to avoid the extremes of temperature. This is especially requisite for those who are predisposed to difficulties of the kind. Medical treatment.—The remedies employed are Aconite, Arsenicum, Arnica, Belladonna, Bryonia, Chamo- milla, China, Cantharis, Colocynth, Colchicum, Lachesis, Mercurius viv., Nux vomica, Nitric acid, Pulsatilla, Ehus tox., Silieea, Sulphur, Tartar emetic and Veratrum. Aconite is uniformly indicated when the accompany- ing fever is intense, and the skin hot and parched. (See Bryonia?) DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours until the fever abates. Arsenicum is indicated when there is severe vomit- ing; intense burning pain around the navel; severe pros- tration, and constipation of the bowels. This remedy may be given alone or in alternation with Veratrum. For more full indications see the indications for the use of these remedies in gastritis. DOSE.—If used alone, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, until the violence of the symptoms becomes modified, and then every three hours, until amelioration or change. If in alternation, dissolve the remedies separately as above, give a teaspoonful of each one hour apart, at first, and afterwards every two hours, until there is amelioration or indications for other reme- dies. Arnica may be administered without hesitation, when the exciting cause of enteritis is some mechanical injury. 256 diseases of the digestive organs; DOSE.— Dissolve one drop, or six globules, In three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours until there is amelioration of symptoms or change. Belladonna is indicated when the tongue is red and smooth, or coated with a white or yellowish fur in the centre, with intense redness of the tip and margins, and inflammatory redness of the papillae; skin hot and dry; great thirst; face hot and flushed; giddiness and occa- sional delirium at night; sensation of soreness or of excoriation in the region of the naval, or over the entire abdomen, with tenderness on pressure, and sometimes distension like a drum. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, until the violence of the symptoms cease, or there is no indication of relief. Lachesis, administered in the same manner, may follow the use of Belladonna. Bryonia may be employed after the use of Aconite, when the patient complains of severe headache, with constipation and acute pain in the abdomen, aggravated by movement and after meals. It is also indicated after Aconite, when there is redness of the tongue, or yellowish coating; parched mouth and throat; loose evacuations after taking food or drink, and nausea and vomiting after eating. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules in a tablespoonful of water may be given three times a day, to allay the immediate symptoms, and then morning and evening, until permanent amelioration, or change. Chamomilla is indicated when the disease manifests itself in children, or in nervous and excitable persons, extremely sensitive to pain; when there is sensation of soreness in the abdomen, as if arising from internal excoriations, and painful tenderness on slight pressure, and slimy, whitish, watery, or greenish diarrhoea, of an offensive, or fetid smell. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a tablespoonful of water, every three hours, until the acute suffering is removed, and then night and morning, until there is decided amelioration, or change. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 257 China is often found of great service after the use of Aconite, or any of the remedies used in the incipient stage; when there is great distension of the abdomen; diarrhoea, with portions of undigested food, or aggra- vation after a meal; intense thirst; great debility, and extreme weakness of the digestive function. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until there is relief, or indications of change. Cantharis is indicated in severe cases, when there is discharge of pure blood at stool, and inability to pass urine; and also in advanced stages of the disease, when there are mucus evacuations; or of solid substances, like shreds of membranes. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until there is a modification of symptoms, and then every six hours, until a further change. Colocynthis is indicated when the large intestine is the seat of inflammation, attended with distension of the abdomen like a drum, with soreness, and sensibility to the touch; sense of burning, and diarrhoea, with increase of pain, followed by urgent desire to go to stool after eating or drinking; nausea, or vomiting of bilious matter, and frequent discharge of urine. DOSE.—One drop or four globules, in a tablespoonful of water, every three hours, until the acute suffering has passed away, and afterwards, night and morning, until complete amelioration, or change. Colchicum is particularly useful in advanced stages of the disorder, when there is a drum-like distension of the bowels; diarrhoea, the stools consisting of white or transparent mucus, or of blood, mixed with substances of a pseudo-membranous appearance. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a tablespoonful of water, three times a day, until the symptoms against which it is directed, are overcome, and then morning and evening, until permanent amelioration, or change. 23* 258 diseases of the digestive organs; Lachesis is particularly useful when there is burning, aching, cutting pain; oppressed respiration; tense, dis- tended abdomen, with painful sensibility on pressure over the affected part, and inveterate constipation. Belladonna is sometimes of service after Lachesis, if indicated; and the same is true with regard to Sulphur, Nux vomica, Bryonia, and other remedies. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in half a tumbler of water, and a teaspoonful may be given every four hours, until the immediate symptoms abate, and then give a teaspoonful every night and morning, until decided amelioration, or change; recourse may be had, however, to Belladonna and other remedies, if remaining, and distinct indications super-exist. Mercurius viv. is indicated in the most serious cases of enteritis after the use of Aconite, and other remedies. When there is foul tongue, dry, and with white or brown coating, or covered with mucus; intense thirst; hard, distended abdomen, tender to the touch; bilious and watery stools, of a fetid odor; or constant urging to stool, followed by severe straining, and meagre evacuations of mucus, tinged with blood, or of pure blood, in con- siderable quantity; great debility and prostration; chilliness and shivering, with tendency to perspire at night, which, however, is unattended with relief. This remedy may, in some cases, be used in alternation with Belladonna or Lachesis. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until the immediate symptoms are relieved, and then every twelve hours until a positive miti- gation, or change. After two days' treatment of twelve hour doses, if the disease should remain stationary, rest for twenty-four hours, and then select another remedy according to indications. Nux vomica is for the most part indicated when there is redness of the margin of the tongue, with whitish or yellowish coating upon the centre of the tongue; feeling of soreness with burning heat in the abdomen; loss of OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 259 appetite; indigestion, attended with vomiting, after par- taking of food, and aggravation of the abdominal pain after drinking; flatulence; costiveness; and sometimes alternating with looseness; stools watery, mucus, or scanty, and frequently tinged with blood, and attended with straining. When the above train of symptoms has been brought on by sudden check of the bleeding piles, this remedy is of the greatest service, and Sulphur is of great value to follow. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. It may be used in alternation with Sulphur, every six hours, after suppression of the piles. Nitric acid is indicated if there is a group of symp- toms, such as those described for the use of Mercurius, and therefore it may be used in connection with this latter remedy, when necessary to complete a cure. It is more useful in chronic cases, attended with abdominal tenderness, and pains as in dysentery. It is also indicated when the disorder occurs in mercurialized patients. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every night and morning, for a week ; after which, wait for a day, or perhaps two, and if the patient gradually improves, do not. give any more, but if stationary, resort again to the remedy, as before directed, and so on, until convalescence is established. Pulsatilla is to be prescribed when acute inflamma- tory symptoms result from suppression of the catamenia, or bleeding piles, or occuring as the sequel of measles: provided Aconite proves insufficient, and particularly if the tongue is loaded with white, grayish, or yellow coating, without thirst, or on the contrary, with intense thirst; disordered digestion; loss of appetite; nausea and vomiting, after partaking of the smallest quantity of nourishment; and also if the abdomen is sensitive to touch, pressure, or movement and flatulence. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules may be given three times a day. 260 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; Ehus tox. is indicated when eruptions break out around the mouth, and there is redness of the tongue, with pain, as if from soreness or ulceration in the abdomen, and sensitiveness to contact or pressure; slimy, frothy, bloody, or watery stools; slow fever, with delirium at night; and therefore it will be seen that Rhus is better adapted to enteritis, when it is symptom- atic, as in typhus fever. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until amelioration, or change. Silicea is indicated when the disorder has been excited by sudden suppression of perspiration of the feet, or the too sudden healing up of some sore or ulcer; or when there is dryness of the mouth; coated tongue; intense thirst; loss of appetite; and frequently disgust for animal food, or any kind of warm food; constant desire for cold food and drinks; hardness and tensely distended abdomen, hot, and painful to the touch; costiveness, or on the contrary, watery and fetid stools; rumbling in the bowels, especially on movement; skin dry and parched during the day, and covered with sweat towards morning; pulse quick and hard. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, night and morning. Tartar emetic is indicated when there is nausea and vomiting, or constipation, with painful tenderness of the abdomen, and burning and heat around the navel; and also when there is a wiry pulse and quick; cold extremi- ties ; great prostration and anxiety. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, for three doses, and then if there is mitigation of suffering, wait for several hours, and even a day; if not, give a teaspoonful every six hours, until amelioration or change. Veratrum is one of the principal remedies in enteritis, and should be used with great care with Arsenicum, OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 26- when there is coldness of the extremities; great prostra- tion ; severe burning in the hypogastrium, and around the navel; and also when there is nausea and vomiting; furred tongue; great thirst, &c. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water; give a teaspoonful every hour until amelioration or change, or in alterna- tion with Arsenicum, as directed under Arsenicum. 26.—Chronic Inflammation of the Bowels. This is only a degeneration of the usual form of the disease, and is denoted by fixed pain and a habitual fulness or uneasiness and oppression in the lower part of the abdomen, increased after meals or after cold drinks; appetite habitually impaired, or capricious; thirst usually after dinner, and at night; bowels con- stantly relaxed, or in the opposite condition, alternating with diarrhoea; skin hot, dry, harsh, and of an unhealthy hue; pulse rather quick; furred tongue, with redness of the lips and margins, and sometimes a slimy redness of the whole tongue; tendency to emaciation, weakness and languor. Among the remedies already considered under inflam- mation of the bowels, may be found those well adapted for the chronic stage, as Nitric acid, Sulphur, Arsenicum, Silicea, to which we may add Phosphorus. Each of these remedies may be employed in the chronic stage, if indicated. DOSE._One drop, or four globules, night and morning, ofthe remedy that may be indicated. Diet.—In acute cases of inflammation of the bowels the regimen must of course be the same as described in fever, and in the chronic stage the food should be very light and given in small quantities; raw fruit, green vegetables, and even potatoes are injurious, and 262 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; are prohibited; toast water, barley water, and rice gruel, &c., must constitute the drink. 27.—Inflammation of the Peritoneum. (Peritonitis.) There is a membrane that lines the cavity of the belly and invests the stomach and bowels, which sometimes becomes the seat of inflammation, and as this membrane is called Peritoneum the disease is called Peritonitis. Symptoms. — Painful tension and swelling of the abdomen, with a sensibility to the touch, even more acute than in enteritis, so much so that the patient cannot bear even the pressure of the bed clothes or the slighest covering; in other respects the symptoms are like enteritis. Causes. — External injury; parturition in females ; chill of the abdomen, are the general causes of the inflammation. Treatment.—The remedies employed are Aconite, Arnica, Belladonna, Bryonia, Cantharides, Chamomilla, Colocynthis, Lycopodium, Nux vomica, Ehus, &c. Aconite is the chief remedy in the commencement of the disease, until there is a mitigation of the fever and inflammation; and in many cases this remedy has proved sufficient to master the disease, and in all cases it materially modifies its violence. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, until the fever is more or less reduced, (a few doses generally proving sufficient,) after which consider the remaining medicines that make up the group, if further treatment is required. Arnica is indicated when the cause of Peritonitis is an external lesion, and it may be used internally and externally at the same time. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite. If used as a lotion, add a teaspoon- ful of the Tincture of Arnica to a tumbler of water, and saturate linen OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 263 bandages and cover the affected part; frequently wet them as they become dry. Belladonna is a useful remedy to follow Aconite, when the inflammatory fever is high, with excessive local tendency. DOSE.—The same as directed for Aconite. Bryonia and Nux vomica are both indicated when the vomiting and other symptoms clearly resemble those of inflammation of the bowels; while at the same time there is extreme tenderness of the external part of the belly. DOSES, and administration.—The same as in inflammation ofthe bowels. Aconite and Bryonia can be employed in alterna- tion when the disease implicates the pleura and lungs. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, of either, in a spoonful of water, may be given, and followed by the same dose of the other in six hours, or in very acute cases every three hours. Cantharides may be employed when there is an implication of the bladder and stranguary. Colocynthis and Chamomilla, when there are violent colicky pains; and Lycopodium, when there is inveterate constipation, and Rhus and Arsenicum when symptomatic of puerperal fever. DOSE.—Of either medicine, as selected, dissolve six globules in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours. Diet and Eegimen.—The same as observed in inflam- mation of the bowels. 28.—Worms. (Helminthiasis, Invermination.) The existence of worms in the intestines frequently arises from a peculiar constitutional 4aint, which diseases the lining membrane and gives rise to worms; infants and children are more frequently affected than adults, 261 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; and this arises from the excessive nutrition in early youth. When children have been fed upon sweet things, pap or cakes, and similar articles of a hurtful nature; or when mothers overload their stomachs when nursing with meat and fat things, or pies, their children become predisposed to worm difficulties. And when children are dosed with vermifuges and purgatives, the worms will increase and come away; but this is a pernicious practice and more frequently increases the difficulty than otherwise. The appearance of worms is often the symptom of derangement of the alimentary canal, which must be relieved before the worms will cease to prosper and increase; a simple regulation of the diet is frequently all that is required to cause them to diminish, and if symptoms of their presence remain, the resort to reme- dy 33 will prove effective. It is true that pink root, spirits of turpentine, worm seed, and other nostrum vermifuges may kill the worms, but these things will often kill the children also, or so derange the abdomen as to be the source of disease and difficulty long afterwards. Under homoeopathic treatment the various kinds of worm difficulties are easily cured without endangering life. There are three species of worms met with in the human subject, viz.:—The pin worms (ascarides); the long round worm (lumbrici); and the tape worm (taenia), which can be removed by appropriate treatment. The existence of ascarides or pin worms is indicated by itching of the anus, though sometimes the itching is pro- duced by other causes; to determine whether it is pro- OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 265 duced by the worms or not is an easy matter, for the worms will show themselve in some way, as in the stools. When the Lumbrici or long round worms are at work, there are certain symptoms that usually indi- cate their presence, especially in children, such as picking the nose, inordinate appetite, distension of the bowels, sometimes colic and inclination to vomit; parts around the navel are hard, and frequent ineffectual straining to evacuate, and nothing but slime passes. When persons are suffering from Tcenia or tape worm, many symptoms are present that may characterise other difficulties, and therefore it is only when there is in connection with these symptoms portions of the worm discharged from time to time that we have any sure indication of its existence, and it has been observed that these portions usually pass away about the new and full of the moon. General Treatment.—Children who have worms should have enough to eat, but not too much bread; they should not be allowed cakes or confectionary, or pastry, unripe fruits, or sweatmeats, or raisins. The diet will be stated at the close of the medical treatment. Medical treatment.—The remedies found most use- ful are Aconite, Belladonna, Carbo veg., Chamomilla, China, Cina, Calcarea carb., Ipecacuanha, Lachesis, Mer- curius viv., Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Sulphur and Silicea. Aconite is indicated when there is considerable febrile irritation, with restlessness at night; fever and irritability of temper; continual itching and burning at the anus, and at times a sense of crawling in the throat. DOSE.—One drop, or twelve globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, until tnere is a mitigation of the symp- toms or an evident modification of them. When the fever has abated 24 266 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; some under the use of this remedy, but not broken up, consult some other remedy. Belladonna is indicated when there is disturbance about the head; great nervous excitement; delirium at night; starting during sleep; easily started or frightened by merely trivial causes. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful three times a day, until there is apparent ameliora- tion or change. Should Belladonna fail of removing the symptoms for which indicated, recourse may be had to other remedies according to indications. Carbo veg. is indicated when children are habitually passing long round worms, and when the tongue is heavily coated and there is a fetid odor from the breath. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or eight globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours; if this should not prove sufficient in removing these symptoms, Pulsatilla is a suitable remedy to follow. Chamomilla is a useful remedy for childhood, either at the time of teething, or at a more advanced period when worm difficulties seem to occur as symptomatic of checked perspiration; it is particularly indicated when the evacua- tions are watery, slimy, bilious, green or yellow, or fetid, resembling the odor of rotten eggs, accompanied with fulness or distension of the stomach and bowels; severe colic or spasm; pain in the bowels; bitter taste in the mouth; foul tongue; thirst; want of appetite; bilious vomiting and flatulency, particularly in infants, with rest- lessness ; screaming and drawing up of the limbs towards the stomach. DOSE.—Of a solution often globules, or one drop, in half a tumbler of water; give a teaspoonful every time the bowels are moved, until positive amelioration or change; if in debilitated constitutions this remedy proves inefficient, Sulphur may be called into requisition ; and even if Chamomilla partly relieves, Sulphur may be indicated to effect a cure. China is indicated in worm difficulties when there is looseness in consequence of indigestion, particularly if OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 267 occasioned by partaking of fruit or flatulent food, such as vegetables; profuse stools frequently attended with but little pain, for the most part occurring soon after par- taking of food, or during the night; watery and brownish evacuations, sometimes containing portions of undigested food; it is sometimes indicated when considerable spas- modic or griping pain is present, accompanied with want of appetite, thirst, flatulence and great weakness; it may be found useful after improper treatment or protracted cases of this affection, when considerable debility remains. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or ten globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every time the bowels are moved, until there is amelioration or change; this direction is better suited to casual adult cases. In similar cases for children, a double quantity of water may be employed, and given in the same manner. Cina.—This is an eminently useful remedy in worm diseases, when there is boring of the nose; obstruction of the nose; great waywardness of the temper; bashful- ness; heat and irritation; continual inquietude and restlessness; and in children, a desire for things which are rejected when offered; fits of crying when touched; paleness of the face, with livid circle round the eyes; constant inclination to take food, with craving appetite, even after meals; griping; distressive heat, and hardness in the abdomen, with discharge of thread and round worms; costiveness; constipation, or loose evacuations; fever; chills towards evening; hard, quick pulse; httle sleep, restlessnes, or turning about; startings; talking, or calling out suddenly during sleep; transitory parox- ysms of delirium; heaviness of the limbs; changing of color, the face being at one time cold and pale, at another, red and hot; pupils dilated; tongue covered with tenacious mucus; disagreeable eructations; vomiting; itching in the anus, and crawling out of thread worms; 268 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; involuntary passing of the urine, which is white and turbid; occasional convulsive movements in the limbs; weakness and lassitude. This remedy is also indicated, when there is colic, produced by worms. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful night and morning until the six teaspoonfuls are consumed; after which, pause for two days, and then suspend or continue treatment, with the same, or other medicines, according to circumstances. Calcarea carb. is regarded one of the remedies indicated for the tape worm, and when there is any ground for apprehending the existence of taenia in the body. This remedy may be administered with advan tage. Sometimes the tape worm is discharged after taking a few doses. DOSE._Of a solution of one drop, or ten globules, in four tablespoon fuls of water, give a tablespoonful morning and evening. Should this prove efficient, it is well, but if not, prepare Sulphur in the same manner, and administer it in the same way. Ipecacuanha is only indicated when there is little or no certainty of the difficulty being from worms; when there is vomiting at frequent intervals, and no nourish ment seems to yield due support to the system, and the child seems to become emaciated. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in ten teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every time the child vomits. If the tongue has a thick coating upon it, give Carbo veg. after, or else Pulsatilla. Lachesis is indicated when there is much thirst, sudden starting and fright. It may be used after Belladonna, in very bad cases. DOSE—One drop, or four globules, may be dissolved in a spoonful of water, and given every morning and evening. Mercurius viv. is indicated when, in addition to the common symptoms of worms, there is especially a con- stant inclination to go to stool, and diarrhoea, with tenes- mus; distension and hardness of the abdomen, and profuse flow of saliva. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANA^i. 269 DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful three times a day, for two days, after which pause for two days, and if the patient is better, suspend the treatment altogether, or continue if otherwise. Nux vomica is indicated in worm affections, after Chamomilla or Cina, if there is considerable derange- ment of the digestive functions; irritability of temper and constipation; or great distension of the stomach and bowels, with sensibility and tendency of heat to the abdomen; inclination to vomit; increase of symp- toms early in the morning. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every night at bedtime, for three days, then miss three and begin again, unless the patient is better. Pulsatilla is for the most part indicated when there has been want of success attending the use of other remedies, especially if Ipecacuanha or Carbo veg. have not had a beneficial effect when apparently indicated. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour until vomiting ceases, and the fetor from the breath begins to disappear. Sulphur and Silicea are indicated when there are vermicular difficulties in lymphatic children, who become frequently affected with attacks of cold, and in the head; bitter, slimy taste; aversion to meat; irresistible long- ing for sugar; variations of appetite, sometimes vora- cious, at others the reverse; frequent regurgitation of the food, together with heartburn or waterbrash; hic- cough ; vomiting and rumbling in the stomach and bowels; and also soreness and itching of the anus. The Sulphur may be used first, and afterwards the Silicea, and even after this latter remedy Calcarea carb. may be administered, after allowing sufficient time to elapse after either of the others. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water; give a teaspoonful on retiring every night, until there is an evidence of improve- ment, then wait for the result, 24* 270 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; The symptoms must of course be our guide in the selection of a remedy, and moreover in the treatment of the different varieties of worm difficulties, we find nearly the same group of symptoms produced by the thread, long, or tape worms. Therefore we have some remedies that will be adapted to cure either variety, but in general, Aconite, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Sulphur, will be found the most suitable in removing (ascarides) or pin worms. Belladonna, Chamomilla, China, Cina, and Spigelia, for removing (lumbrici) long round worms. Calcarea carb., Sulphur, Lachesis and Silicea, against tape worms. In chronic cases of worms, (or invermi- nation,) great success has attended the use of Nux vomica, Mercurius, Sulphur and Calcarea. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, of each, in a spoonful of water, taken as follows: a dose night and morning of Nux vomica, to be followed the next night with Sulphur, the next with Mercurius, the next with Cal- carea, &c. Eegimen.—The food in vermicular difficulties ought to be wholesome and nutritious, to consist mostly of meat, such as roast or boiled beef or mutton, sometimes chicken, and occasionally a light pudding; vegetables and fruits are not allowed, neither is milk, pastry or sweetmeats of any kind, and the utmost care should be exercised to prevent children from eating raw herbs, roots, &c, which they are prone to do in their rambles. Exercise in the open air is essential, and must on no account be neglected. 29.—Itching of the Anus. This vexatious and troublesome affection arises from some peculiar state of the system, and often indicates OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 271 the incipient stage of piles, or the presence of seat worms, (ascarides.) If caused by ascarides, which can only be ascertained by discovering them, Aconite, Nux vomica, Sulphur and Silicea are the remedies to be employed. Aconite is indicated when the difficulty occurs in children, and renders them very uneasy during the night, and is attended with fever. Nux vomica is especially indicated when the itching is seated either internally or externally, and is worse after taking stimulating food and drink, attended with costiveness, and is caused by ascarides. Sulphur and Silicea are remedies that may be employed after Aconite or Nux vomica, when these reme- dies prove inefficient, and also when the trouble returns again after having been once removed by the use of Aconite and Nux vomica. DOSE, and administration.—Of Aconite, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, if partially relieved, or not all; after two days, resort to Nux vomica, pre- pared the same way, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, until com- pletely relieved. If a return of the disorder, dissolve one drop of Sulphur or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every night, until cured, or there is necessity for the use of another remedy. Prepare and administer Silicea in the same way. When the itching is caused by dry piles, or moist and bleeding piles, or strong liquors or beer, or coffee, or in people of sedentary habits. The remedies are Nux vomica, China, Sulphur or Ipecacuanha, and sometimes in connection with other remedies. Aconite may be employed when there is fever attend- ing the itching, and when there is pain in the funda- ment. DOSE.—The same as before. Nux vomica is indicated when there is burning and 272 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; pricking sensation, and the anus appears to be so con- tracted that the natural discharges are effected with difficulty, accompanied by dull, shooting pains, and jerking in the small of the back, and around the anus, at every evacuation; or pain in the small of the back as if from a bruise, which makes the patient cry out and bend forward when walking or sitting. Ignatia is a good remedy to follow Nux vomica, if necessary, after an elapse of one or two days. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful three times a day, at intervals of six hours. If after two days there should not be decided relief, give Ignatia in the same way, after waiting twenty-four hours. Sulphur is a grand remedy in this complaint, after Nux vomica, and it may be used in alternation with this latter remedy. DOSE.—Of Sulphur alone, one drop, or six globules, in six tablespoon- fuls of water, and give a tablespoonful every morning for several mornings. Calcarea carb. may follow Sulphur, if necessary, and particularly if there is a return of the disorder after Sulphur has apparently removed it, or alter- nately with Nux vomica every morning. Ipecacuanha is indicated after the use of Aconite when in addition to the itching there is thick coating upon the tongue, nausea, and sometimes sickness at the stomach and vomiting. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, and continue as long as necessary. General treatment. — It often happens that this disorder is the occasion of so much annoyance to the patient, that immediate measures are necessary for relief. Under such circumstances such means should be em- ployed as comports well with the remedial agents. Sweet oil may be applied externally and internally to allay the itching, or a piece of fat bacon may be cut of suitable size to introduce into the rectum, attached to OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 273 a string; allowed to remain, however, only about fifteen minutes, and then to be removed. Cold water injections may be resorted to every evening in many cases, when there is not speedy abatement of the itching from the medicines; applications of this kind are not at variance with the remedies. Salt water injections, in small quantities, may be allowed when all other means fail, as may be the case in children who have an hereditary tendency to the disorder. Vinegar and water, in the form of a weak injection, has sometimes proved efficacious in allaying the itching. Lemon juice in water, in the form of an injection, has also proved efficacious, and may be resorted to twice a day. Urtica urens, given every morning, one drop, or four globules, in a tablespoonful of water, and continued for several days, is believed to be one of the best reme- dies for children. When the itching is caused by piles, swollen, red or bluish tumors in the anus, resort must be had to Nux vomica and Sulphur, which may be used in alternation. Sulphur at night, and Nux vomica in the morning, until complete relief is obtained. It is affirmed by some that eating asparagus in its season, which is usually the season when ascarides prove the most troublesome, is of great advantage, and often removes the disorder; and undoubtedly there is truth in the statement. Diet and Eegimen.—The same as stated for vermi- cular diseases. 274 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; 30— Determination of Blood to the Abdomen. (Congesiio ad abdomen.) The symptoms that characterise this derangement are a disagreeable or painful sensation of weight, heat and burning, with hardness and tension in the lower portion of the bowels. Cause.—Sedentary habits, or piles; torpidity of the bowels; hypochondriacs are very often afflicted with the difficulty. The remedies found of service in removing the diffi- culty are Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Chamomilla, Pulsatilla, Nux vomica, Ehus tox., Sulphur and Vera- trum. Arsenicum is indicated when there is determination of blood to the lower bowels, attended with diarrhoea and extreme prostration. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in three spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every six hours, until the three doses are taken, then cease for twenty-four hours, and repeat again, prepared in the same way, every twelve hours, until amelioration, or change. Belladonna and Bryonia are indicated, the former when there is flushed appearance of the countenance; sensation of heat and burning in the stomach; hardness and tension, accompanied by dull pain in the bowels; and the latter when there is biliary derangement and dull pain in the lumbar region accompanying the usual symptoms, and considerable debility. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, of either, dissolved in three table- spoonfuls of water, give a teaspoonful every three hours, until relief is obtained, or a change is necessary. Chamomilla is suitable for children when they are prone to looseness of the bowels, and there has been a sudden check and constipation, and especially if there has been flatulency and other signs of indigestion. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, every four hours. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 275 Pulsatilla is indicated for congestion of the bowels in females when the usual symptoms are present, and particularly when there is difficult or suppressed men- struation. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until relieved. Sepia may follow Pulsatilla, if there is nausea and uncomfortable fulness and dull pain remaining. Nux vomica is particularly indicated, and is one of the most frequent sources of relief to those of sedentary life, or who are much addicted to indulgence of the plea- sures of the table, and particularly when there is hard- ness, tension and fixed pain in the abdomen; sense of great weakness or prostration, and difficult or almost impossible to walk about; constipation; pain in the loins; depressed spirits and irritability. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water every night at bed-time, until there is some manifest improvement, then cease for three or four days and repeat as at first; should there be little or no improve- ment after four days, resort to Sulphur as directed below. Ehus tox. is indicated when there is much hardness, burning and fulness of the abdomen, attended with great debility. DOSE.—The same as directed for Nux vomica. Sulphur may be regarded in connection with Nux vomica, one of the principal remedies, and will be found of great service in effecting a cure after Nux vom. has produced amelioration; and in cases of long standing it may be selected in preference, when there are dull pains and disagreeable sensation of distension in the bowels; constipation; tendency to obstinate attacks of piles; extreme digestion. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water every morn- ing for a week, or until there is perceived some general change, then wait for five or six days, and repeat again in the same manner, and continue as before until there is manifest improvement or change. 276 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; Veratrum may be administered when the indications are the same as for Arsenicum, when the latter remedy should fail of producing the desired relief. DOSE.—The same in all respects as for the use of Arsenicum. Diet and Eegimen.—When it is practicable the patient should take daily exercise in the open air, and should be very careful to abstain from all food of difficult diges- tion, and subsist upon farinaceous gruels or toast and black tea, or weak cocoa. 31.—Files. (Hemorrhoids.) Symptoms.—Discharge of blood from the anus every four or six weeks in small quantities, usually preceded by more or less sickness, and followed by a sensation as if relieved. The flux may often be regarded favorable, as prevent- ing more serious or dangerous diseases. Tumors are frequently formed in the anus, which become very painful when no blood is discharged; some- times when there is discharge it ceases in part or entirely, and at others the discharge is so profuse that it becomes alarming; very often when the bleeding from the tumors is suddenly arrested, disease of a more serious character takes its place. To relieve all these unpleasant symptoms requires a judicious treatment, both of a medicinal and dietetical character; the living should be such as to prevent the disease from assuming the dangerous form; the patient should take moderate exercise, not allowing himself to sit much on cushions, except when the tumors protrude. Persons afflicted with piles should abstain from all alcoholic drinks, wine, cider, porter, ale or coffee; water OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 277 should constitute the only beverage to be indulged in freely. The resort to the scissors for the purpose of excising the tumors can only be regarded with distrust, as it is evidently done through ignorance of the nature of the disease, although such an operation is easily per- formed; yet it is frequently attended with dangerous consequences; inordinate hemorrhages often result which cannot be arrested without recourse to the actual cautery or by the use of some powerful styptic, productive of incurable ulcers; and the only use that can under any circumstances result is temporary relief from pain, for the tumors almost universally reappear in a short time higher up in the rectum, when the pain is more violent than before, and when it is more difficult to excise them, and if the attempt is made the rectum is liable to sustain incurable injury; every operation causes their reappear- ance higher up till there is no possibility of reaching them, then the patient is obliged to be left in a worse condition than if no operations had been attempted. It is a matter of rejoicing that in homoeopathy there is for the most part a more safe and sure method of pro- curing entire relief, without the scissors; but not for those cases which have been frequently operated upon, because by the operations they have been made to assume a more obstinate and incurable character. Injections of cold water are sometimes a source of relief when the tumors are painful, but do not bleed; these may be resorted to once or twice a day, but cautiously when the tumors are in a bleeding condition, inasmuch as the discharge may be suddenly arrested by them; though when they bleed too freely the water may be applied, provided proper care is exercised with regard 278 diseases of the digestive organs; to the administration of appropriate remedies at the same time. Syringes with gum-elastic tubes should be used in giving the injections, as these will be less liable to do violence to the affected parts; the water should not be too cold, and water of moderate warmth even under many circumstances is preferable. Washing the parts with cold water, or tepid water, is sometimes of service, and particularly when the tumors are too painful to allow of injections. Sitting over the steam of hot water when the tumors are much swollen, and painful; and also the sponge saturated with tepid water, may be used with advantage; and sometimes the application of moderately warm fomentations. Eemedial treatment.—The remedies most employed are Aconite, Antimonium crud., Arnica, Belladonna, Carbo veg., Chamomilla, Colocynthis, China, Hamamelis, Ignatia, Mercurius viv., Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, and Sulphur. Aconite is indicated, and frequently affords relief, when the blood is discharged, and there are shooting pains and pressure on the anus; fulness of the abdomen, with tension, pressure, and griping, and the small of the back feels as if it was broken. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until amelioration or change. Antimonium crud. is indicated when there is a discharge of mucus from the anus, that stains the linen. It may sometimes be given alternately with Pulsatilla. DOSE.—The same in all respects as directed for the use of Aconite. Arnica is particularly useful when the tumors are swollen and sore; and when there is pain in the small of the back, as if bruised. DOSE.—The same as directed for Aconite or Antimonium crud. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 279 Belladonna is chiefly employed against bleeding piles, with intense pain in the lumbar region, as if the back were breaking. DOSE__One drop, or four globules, may be taken morning and even.ng, if insufficient after three doses, give Hepar sulph. in the same way, and after an elapse of four days, Rhus far. may be given without hesitation, and repeated twice, and then it is better to wait for the result. Carbo veg. is indicated when there is discharge of mucus with burning pain, and particularly when there is bleeding from the nose, and great determination of blood towards the head, especially in patients who are very weak; if this remedy proves inefficient, it should be followed with Arsenicum, or the remedies may be used in alternation. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a tablespoonful every morning and evening, or if in alternation, give Arsenicum in the morning, and Carbo veg. in the evening, for two days. Chamomilla may be used when the blood flows freely, with contractive pains in the bowels, and frequent straining to evacuate; occasional diarrhoea, particularly when attended with smarting and burning, with tearing pain in the back, especially at night. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be given in a spoonful of water, every night and morning, until amelioration or change. Colocynthis is indicated if the piles are accompanied with colicky pains, very severe, and there are signs of determination of blood to the abdomen. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in two tablespoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful at night, and the other in the morning; and after twenty-four hours, if the patient is not decidedly better, repeat again, and so continue until amelioration, or change. China is indicated when there has been profuse bleeding from the tumors, followed by great weakness. It is useful after either Aconite, Ipecacuanha, or Sulphur has been employed in the first stage. 280 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; DOSE._ Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, rtnd give a spoonful morning and evening, or in alternation with Aconite, three times a day. If Sulphur is employed, give the Sulphur at night, and the China in the morning. Hamamelis is one of the most useful remedies in bleeding piles, and may be used also when there is merely a varicose condition of the hemorrhoidal veins, and particularly, if in females subject to varicose con- dition of the veins of the lower extremities. DOSE—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given morning and evening, until amelioration, or change. Ignatia is indicated in piles, against violent stitches which pass upwards, with itching, and crawling in the anus; when much blood is discharged; or there is pro- trusion of the rectum at each evacuation; or when, after an evacuation, there is painful soreness and contraction, particularly when accompanied by ineffectual straining to evacuate; or a discharge of blood and mucus. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful three times a day, at intervals of six or eight hours, until amelioration, or change. Mercurius viv. is particularly indicated when patients have been injured by taking Sulphur, or other drugs or nostrums, to rid themselves of the suffering consequent upon piles; but if patients have taken much Calomel and Sulphur, Lachesis may be given, first once or twice, and then if the symptoms seem to be aggravated again, Nux vomica may be given, two doses twelve hours apart, and then after a pause of twenty-four hours, Sulphur may be administered, and perhaps in alternation with Sepia, at intervals of twenty-four hours. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, and L,nve a spoonful every morning and evening, and if necessity requires a resort to the other remedies, prepare, and use them in the same manner, according to the directions above given. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 281 Nux vomica is useful when there is burning, pricking pain in the tumors; the symptoms resembling those mentioned of the same remedy under "Itching of the anus," when there is much light colored blood discharged after each evacuation; or where there is constant incli- nation to evacuate; also in constipation, and during pregnancy. If Nux vomica proves of little avail, or does not afford complete relief, give Ignatia, and afterwards if the complaint returns, give Sulphur. This latter remedy, given at night, and Nux vomica in the morning, will prove of service in a majority of instances, when patients are suffering from piles. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every morning, fasting, and every evening before retiring to rest. Or when there is alternation with Sulphur, give a spoonful of Nux vomica in the morning, and one of Sulphur, prepared n Ihr same manner, in the evening before retiring. Pulsatilla is of service when there is blood and mucus discharged with the faeces, with painful pressure on the tumors; pains in the back; pale countenance, and disposition to syncope. Mercurius is a suitable remedy to follow Pulsatilla, if the latter remedy proves inefficient, and afterwards Sulphur. DOSE.—The same in all respects as directed for Nux vomica. Sulphur, as before remarked, is one of the principal remedies for bleeding piles. It is particularly indicated when there is constant urging to stool, with ineffectual straining; when there is an acute, sore pain in the anus, internally and externally; when the tumors burn, are moist, protrude considerably, and are pressed back with much difficulty; with violent shooting pains in the back and in the small of the back, with a feeling of contrac- tion, and burning or smarting pain on passing urine. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be dissolved in a spoonful of water, and given every twenty-four hours on retiring to rest at night, until 25* 282 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS J amelioration or change. It may be used in alternation with Nux vomica or Pulsatilla, as directed above. There are other remedies that have been advanta- geously employed in this painful affection. Conium may be given with advantage, when the tumors protrude and are swollen and painful, disabling the patient from walking about, but the remedy should not be repeated oftener than once in three days. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, dissolved in a spoonful of water. When in a case of excessive haemorrhage from the tumors, threatening life, there is call for immediate remedial measures, give Aconite; if this does not arrest the discharge at once, give Ipecacuanha in twenty minutes; and if this also fails of relief, in ten minutes, give Sulphur. DOSE.—Of each. One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water. Or in a similar case, Aconite, Belladonna and Calcarea varb. may follow each other in rapid succession. DOSE.—The same as above. Diet and Eegimen.—As "the piles" seem to be a difficulty mainly dependent upon derangement of the digestive function, the diet and habits should be regu- lated in accordance with the injunctions which have been explicitly set forth respecting derangements of the digestive functions in general. Bread made of superfine flour is not so good as that from the unbolted; and persons subject to piles should never take coffee or stimulating food or drinks of any kind. 32.—Protrusion of the Intestine. (Prolapsus ani.) This affection is sometimes termed by mothers and nurses, " the falling of the bowels," and consists of the protrusion of the mucus membrane of the rectum through OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 283 the anus. It occurs much more frequently in children than in adults, and invariably takes place from straining at stool, or when urinating. The reduction of the pro- truded portion is easily effected by pressing it gently with the thumb and fore finger, whi6h have been softened with lard. Treatment.—The principal remedies in effecting a cure of this difficulty and of removing a tendency to the same, are Calcarea, Ignatia, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Lycopodium, Sepia and Sulphur. Calcarea is to be regarded a remedy for prolapsus ani in obstinate and inveterate cases where other reme- dies have failed, especially after Sulphur has proved inefficient. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give one of the spoonfuls every morning, and another every evening, until the four are taken. Give half the quantity to children under twelve years of age. Ignatia is particularly indicated when the difficulty occurs in children or persons of mild, sensitive tempera- ments, and is attended with constipation. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a tablespoonful of water, (half the quantity for children,) every twelve hours, until amelioration or change. Mercurius is well suited to children in whom the disease is attended with hardness and swelling of the abdomen, and great distension. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, one to be taken every morning until amelioration or change. Nux vomica is more particularly indicated for persons of irritable or lively disposition, and addicted to high stimulating diet, with a tendency to haemorrhoids and constipation. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, give a teaspoonful night and morning, until better, or a change. Lycopodium and Sepia are amongst the remedies that are important in treating obstinate cases, when other 284 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; remedies have not effected a cure, and particularly after a course of Sulphur. Sulphur is regarded as one of the best remedies to effect a cure. DOSE.—One drop of either of the above remedies, or six globules, may be dissolved in six teaspoonfuls of water, and a teaspoonful may be given every morning, or the same quantity may be dissolved in twelve teaspoon- fuls of water, and a teaspoonful may be given every morning, for children under twelve years of age. Diet and Eegimen.—As this disorder is often the result of derangement of the digestive organs, or piles, the same restriction as to diet should be observed as in derangements of the digestive function in general. 33.—Liver Complaint. Under this head is comprised the different diseases to which the liver is subject, both chronic and acute; the former is what is usually termed liver complaint, a careful discrimination will often disclose the fact that the real disease is a deranged condition of the stomach and bowels; the liver however is often impli- cated, and in itself deserves considerable attention; when the disease has been unchecked for a long time, and a torpid inflammation becomes deeply seated in the sub- stance of the liver, an abscess frequently forms, bursting either internally or externally; in the former case it often proves critical, and is attended with hectic fever in most cases. 34.—Acute Inflammation of the Liver. (Hepatitis.) This disease is comparatively of rare occurrence in temperate regions, being much more common in tropical chmates; and even in these regions a luxurious manner of living, and exposure to the tropical heat by day, and OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 285 to damps and dews of evening, may be recorded among the principal exciting causes; but even in our climate it may arise from violent mental emotions, stimulating drinks; suddenly suppressed evacuations; frequent use of the blue pill, or strong emetics or cathartics, or gall stones or injuries of the brain. Symptoms.—The principal symptoms of the acute form are pain in the right side under the ribs, sometimes acute and lancinating, and at others dull and heavy, often extending to the chest and under the shoulder blade of the right side; the pain is increased by coughing, draw- ing in the breath, and by pressure, or by lying on the left side; relief is often obtained by lying on the affected side; the stools are of a grayish or ash color, resembling clay, but for the most part the bowels are constipated, the urine high colored, and tinges the linen yellow; the skin and whites of the eyes are yellowish; there is gene- rally a high fever, with a full bounding pulse and hot skin; thirst; bitter taste in the mouth; yellow furred tongue; vomiting; pain and tension in the stomach; when the inflammation is seated in the convex surface of the liver, which lies against the right wall of the abdominal cavity; the pain is acute and lancinating, and increased by coughing, drawing in the breath, and pres- sure ; when the convex surface is more effected, the pain is deeper situated and not liable to be at all augmented by pressure, and greatly aggravated by efforts at vomiting. Termination.—Acute inflammation of the liver may terminate in resolution, suppuration or gangrene, or it may merge into the chronic form ; when it terminates in resolution, the symptoms gradually disappear; when it terminates in suppuration, the fever usually becomes hectic, and the patient suffers from increased sense of 286 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; weight in the region of the liver; the enlargement of the organ may be distinctly felt, and if the abscess is about to make its way to the surface, a sense of fluctuation with pointing may be perceived; when the abscess is not discharged externally, or through the stomach or intes- tines, it usually proves fatal; the termination of the inflammation in gangrene is by no means of frequent occurrence, when such is the case it rapidly proves fatal; such a misfortune may be readily recognised by the sud- den cessation of the pain; sinking of the pulse; cold, clammy sweats; coldness of the extremities, and rapid change in the appearance of the countenance. Treatment.—The remedies employed are Aconite, Bryonia, Belladonna, Chamomilla, China, Mercurius viv., Nux vomica and Lachesis. Aconite is indicated in the commencement when the fever is high, with hot skin, with much thirst and whitish furred tongue, accompanied by moaning; great restless- ness, and dread of death; shooting pains in the region of the liver. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Bryonia is indicated when the pains are pressive, and when there is a sense of tension in the region of the liver, and when breathing, coughing, or movement of any kind aggravates the pains; when there is violent oppression of the chest with rapid and anxious respira- tion; thick yellowish coating on the tongue; constipation. DOSE.—The same as directed for. Aconite. Belladonna may be employed against pains in the region of the liver, which extend to the chest and shoul- der, particularly of the right side; swelling and tightness at the pit of the stomach; oppressed and anxious respira- OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 287 tion; congestion to the head; with giddiness; dimness of vision, and occasional fainting; intense thirst; restless- ness, sleeplessness and anxiety. It may be used in alter- nation with Aconite, at intervals of three hours, or it may be used after Aconite has been tried. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in six teaspoonfuls of water, and a teaspoonful may be given every three hours. Chamomilla is indicated when the pains are of a dull character, neither susceptible of aggravation, by respiration, pressure or movement; with a sense of pressure in the stomach; tension in the right hypo- chondrium; oppression of the chest; yellow skin; and yellow coating upon the tongue; bitter taste in the mouth; and intense anxiety at times. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a spoonful every three hours, until relieved, or there is necessity for a change. China is indicated when the disease appears to come on in paroxysms; or in other words, becomes manifest periodically, and is worse every other day; with shooting and pressive pains in the region of the liver; swelling, and hardness of the hypochondria, and epigastrum; pressive pain in the head; thickly coated tongue, and bitter taste in the mouth; yellowish eyes and skin. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give one of the spoonfuls every six hours until all are given, then wait for the result; if no better after three days, repeat the same, and so on, until amelioration or change. Mercurius viv. is of great service in hepatitis, when there are pains under the ribs of a pressive character, which do not allow the patient to lie long on the right side; bitter taste in the mouth; want of appetite; thirst; continued shivering, followed sometimes by clammy perspiration; yellowness of the skin, and the whites of the eyes; also in enlargement and hardening of the 288 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; liver; or after the formation of abscesses. This remedy may be profitably used after Belladonna, or in alternation, at intervals of three hours between the doses. DOSE.—The same as directed for China. Nux vomica is to be employed against shooting, or pulsative pains; with great tenderness of the region of the liver when touched; nausea or vomiting; sour or bitter risings which leave the same taste in the mouth; shortness of breath; and sense of pressure under the short ribs of the right side, and upper portion of the stomach; pressive pain in the head; thirst; high colored urine; giddiness, and paroxysms of anguish; constipation. rOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Lachesis is particularly serviceable in cases in which Mercurius viv. and Belladonna seem to be indicated, but afford but partial relief; and also in obstinate chronic cases, occurring in drunkards. DOsE.—One drop, or six globules may be dissolved in half a tumbler of water, and a teaspoonful given every six hours, until amelioration or change. Sulphur is a most valuable remedy after any of the preceding remedies, whenever they fail of producing a favorable effect, or when the improvement is but temporary, and the disease still continues, though some- what diminished in violence. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, dissolved in a spoonful of water, may be given every night and morning. Diet.—The same as under fevers; modified of course, according to the violence of the disease. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 289 35.—Chronic Inflammation of the Liver. (Liver Complaint.) There are many symptoms, in the chronic and acute forms of liver affections, that have a close resemblance in every particular, except their duration. In liver complaint, or chronic inflammation of the liver, there is continued pains, and uneasiness in the right side, which seldom leave the patient, who gradually becomes weakened in point of strength, and lean in flesh; not unfrequently there is cough, with expectoration, resembling very much, such as we find in pulmonary difficulties. By inspection of the right hypochondrium, we may see signs of considerable enlargement of the liver, which frequently remains for considerable time; or is continuous; or comes and goes periodically. attended with dyspeptic symptoms; high colored and red urine; yellow tinge of the skin and eyes; sometimes febrile symptoms; the pulse generally quick, but regu- lar, except during these attacks. The causes are chiefly those of the acute form of the disease, that perhaps as frequent as any other, may be found in the use of intoxicating drinks, and mercurial preparations, such as Calomel and the Blue pill. Treatment.—The remedies employed are Aurum, Alumina, Calcarea carb., China, Lycopodium, Nux vomica, Silicea, and Sulphur. Aurum is particularly indicated, when the patient has taken much Blue pill, and has been frequently salivated, and there are pains in the bones, and soreness of the flesh, when pressed against the bones, and there is melancholy, and propensity to suicide. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, night and morning in a spoonful of water. Alumina is particularly indicated when there are uni- 26 290 diseases of the digestive organs; formly pains in the liver, when stooping, which become relieved on assuming the erect posture. DOSE.—The same as for Aurum. Calcarea carb. is indicated when there are pains in the liver, mostly stitching, or tensive aching, and dis- tension of the abdomen. DOSE.—The same as for Alumina and Aurum. China is adapted when the pains are worse every other day. (See acute Hepatitis.) Lycopodium is indicated when there is great torpidity of the bowels attending continuous pain of the right side. (See Constipation.) DOSE.—One drop, of either of the last two remedies mentioned, or six globules, may be taken every morning before eating. Nux vomica and Sulphur are among the best remedies employed in liver complaint. For the indi cations which require their administration, see the use of these medicines under "Acute Inflammation of the Liver." DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, once a day. Silicea is only indicated in certain cases, when the formation of abscess is the characteristic mark of the disease. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every night. Diet and Eegimen.—The diet should be light, veal or chicken broth, with stale bread, roasted apples, also French beans, sago or tapioca made into plain puddings. The drink should be confined mostly to water; and bacon, butter, eggs, milk, wine, spirits, malt liquors, should, except in rare cases, be prohibited. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 291 36 Jaundice. (Icterus.) The main features of this disease are yellow color; whitish faeces; orange-colored urine; deranged diges- tion ; sometimes pain in the region of the liver. Gene- rally preceding an attack there is loss of appetite; giddi- ness; nausea; vomiting; flatulence, and some degree of tension in the region of the liver. There is also greater or less depression of spirits and loss of strength. There is for the most part but little fever attending the mild forms of this disease, but in bad cases there may be an unusual degree of fever, which more or less affects the brain, producing a sort of stupid sleep from which it is difficult to be aroused; when the disease assumes this form it is regarded dangerous, and death may follow in a short time from oppression of the brain. Sometimes the color of the skin changes from a yellow to a dark brown or black, giving rise to the appellation of " black jaundice." There is frequently a disagreeable itching or tingling before the discolora- tion of the skin appears. When this disease arises from some undue emotion of the mind, it may come on suddenly, but generally it makes its appearance in a gradual and often in an unobserved manner. Causes.—These are various. It may arise either from the acute or chronic inflammation of the liver, or from diseases of the stomach and bowels, or from fevers. Blows upon the head, or on the region of the liver, often produce the disease; as may also moral emotions or inveterate fits of passion; we may enume- rate also among the causes, the inordinate use of quinine, rhubarb or calomel, in certain fevers, because these agents sometimes obstruct the biliary duct. Treatment.—The remedies the most frequently found 292 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; useful are Aconite, Belladonna, Chamomilla, China, Digi- talis, Mercurius viv., Nux vomica, Pulsatilla and Sul- phur. Aconite will be indicated when the jaundice is accom- panied with symptoms of acute inflammation and pain in the region of the liver, and also in the incipient stage of the fever attending the disease. It may be advantageously followed by Belladonna or GJiamomilla. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be dissolved in a spoonful of water, and given every four hours, until amelioration or change; but if after taking three or four doses, there is only a partial removal of the symptoms, wait three hours, and give Belladonna, as directed for Aconite. After four doses of Belladonna, if the symptoms still remain, proceed with Chamomilla four hours after, as directed for the Aconite and Belladonna, until amelioration or change. China is indicated when the inflammatory symptoms have abated, and also in case of there being little or no fever at the commencement, and especially if marsh miasm is the cause, or if the fever is intermittent, or if the appetite is impaired, or there is general derange- ment of the digestion, and if the patient has been weak- ened by vomiting blood or by diarrhoea. DOSE. —One drop, or six globules, in two tablespoonfuls of water, and give one at night and the other in the morning, provided the disease is anti-periodic in its character. This course may be pursued until there is a positive change for the better, or there is indication for the use of another remedy; but if the disease be accompanied by a fever of an intermittent character, the same doses should be given every six hours during the respite, observing that the last dose should be given one hour before the expected attack. The remedy may be given in alternation with Arsenicum, if necessary, observing to give a dose of the former in the morning, and of the other in the evening, or China, soon after the paroxysm, and Arseni- cum about an hour before the anticipated attack. Digitalis is a useful remedy when there is nausea, retching or vomiting; tongue clean, or coated with a white fur; pressure at the pit of the stomach and region of the liver; sluggish state of the bowels, and clay- colored evacuations; alternate flushes of heat and chills. OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 293 DOSE. —Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, until there is some modifi- cation of the violence of the symptoms, and then every four hours, until there is decided improvement, or indication for change of remedy. Mercurius viv. is indicated when the disease appears to have arisen from derangement of the digestive organs, or from obstructions of the biliary duct, that have not been occasioned by the abuse of this drug, in which case China is preferable, and this in obstinate cases may be followed by Sulphur. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water; give a tablespoonful every six hours, and China in the same way, and Sulphur every twelve hours. Nux vomica is indicated for persons of an irritable temperament, when the disease arises from a fit of passion, and when there is constipation, or alternately, costiveness and looseness of the bowels; and also when sedentary habits, protracted study, or over indulgence in stimulants appear to be the predisposing or exciting causes; and in alternation with Chamomilla. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or eight globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful every four hours, for two days, and then every eight hours, or in alternation with Chamomilla, at intervals of six hours between the remedies. Pulsatilla is especially indicated when there is great weakness and anxiety and lassitude towards evening; obscure pressure, and sometimes shooting or pricking pains in the region of the liver, occasionally extending upwards towards the right shoulder; and when the stools are clay-colored or white. DOSE.—Precisely the same as directed for Nux vomica. Sulphur is indicated in inveterate cases, when other remedies have failed. It may be used in alternation with Nitric acid, or Calcarea, or Lachesis, according to indications. 26* 294 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS; DOSES.—One drop, or four globules, may be given in a spoonful of water night and morning, for a week, or if in alternation with either of the other remedies, at intervals of twelve hours between each remedy. Diet.—The diet should be light and free from condi- ments or stimulants of any kind. Chicken or veal soup, with stale bread, tapioca or sago, or rice, and gruels made of arrow-root, corn starch or farina. The chief drink should be water, and all stimulating or tonic bit- ters made of cider, and barks or wine; and above all, avoid any indigestible food, and eggs, butter, fat meats, milk, &c. 37 Inflammation of the Spleen. (Splenitis.) The spleen is situated on the opposite side from the liver, near the spine, and immediately under the ribs on the left side. Aristotle termed the spleen the bastard liver, because it is perhaps associated with the liver in purifying the blood. When this organ becomes the seat of disease, the symptoms that .become manifest are all that we can rely upon by which to judge of its nature. Inflammation of the spleen has the following symptoms, viz: Symptoms.—Sharp, pressing or shooting pains in the region of the spleen, with, in most cases, a high degree of fever; general derangement, and sometimes enlarge- ment and tumefaction of the organ; and when the dis- order is very severe there is vomiting of blood. The disease is not of frequent occurrence in temperate regions, appearing sometimes in hot seasons, and fre- quently mistaken for other affections. It may some- times arise in individuals of debilitated constitutions, and in children in consequence of marsh miasms, and particularly when added to this exposure there is con- tinual mental disquietude; improper nutriment and OR, OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL. 295 insufficient clothing, and confinement without proper exercise. From the fact that we possess but a limited amount of knowledge concerning the physiology of the spleen, it is somewhat difficult to discriminate between what is properly a disease of the organ, and some of the contiguous parts, unless the disorder is presented in the most tangible form. The best indications we can have are tenderness or sensibility on pressure in the region of the organ, with general debility, paleness of the com- plexion ; whites of the eyes remarkably free from blood; languid circulation, and tendency of the extremities to become cold. Treatment.—The principal remedies employed in this disorder are Aconite, Arnica, Arsenicum, Baryta carb., Bryonia, China, Calcarea carb., Carbo veg., Fer- rum, Lycopodium, Nux vomica, Plumbum, Platina, Ehus tox., Stannum and Sulphur. Aconite.—If there is fever present during the affec- tion, this remedy will prove of service. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in two tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful of the solution every two hours, when the febrile symptoms run high, or in less urgent cases, it may be given every six hours, until the fever abates; then pause four hours, and proceed with such of the subjoined medicines as may appear the best indicated. Arnica is indicated when there is pressive pain in the left side under the ribs, causing difficult respiration, and when the vomiting of blood is excessive, and par- ticularly when any external violence has given rise to the difficulty. (See Rhus tox) DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, at first, and during the severer stage, for four doses, and then every six hours, until amelioration or change. Arsenicum is indicated when there is an inflammation of the spleen accompanying the ague, and also when the patient complains of violent burning pain in the region 296 diseases of the digestive organs; of the spleen, and a constant pulsation at the cardiac portion of the stomach, attended with great anxiety; also vomiting a dark-colored fluid; watery or sanguinous diarrhoea, and burning at the anus; excessive weakness and swelling of the feet. (See China and Arsenicum under Intermittents) DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful once in twelve hours, if the disease presents no positive periodical character, and the symptoms do not appear violent. But if the symptoms are severe, the dose may be repeated every six hours. If the disease comes on at regular periods, the medicines should be admin- istered one hour before an anticipated paroxysm. Baryta carb. is particularly indicated in splenitis, when the mesentery is affected, or the mesenteric glands become involved. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every twelve hours, until ameliora- tion or change. Bryonia is indicated in very mild cases, when an aching, shooting pain is felt in the region of the spleen, that becomes aggravated by movement; or when the patient complains of a constant stitch in the side, or the left side under the ribs, and general gastric derangement with constipation. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in three tablespoon- fuls of water, and one spoonful may be given night and morning, until amelioration or change. China is requisite as being indicated when the inflam- matory symptoms have passed away; or it may be indi- cated at the commencement, particularly if the disease owes its origin to marsh miasm; or if the accompanying fever presents an intermittent type, in which case it should be administered between the paroxysms, or when the fever is not present; and also if there is impaired appetite and general derangement present. It is also par- ticularly useful when the patient has been weakened by or, of the alimentary canal. 297 vomiting blood, or diarrhoea. If the abuse of Quinine has been the cause of this disease, resort to Arsenicum, or Carbo veg. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be dissolved in a spoonful of water, and given night and morning, twelve hours apart; if the disease appears to sustain nearly the same character from the commencement, and the symptoms are not violent; but if severe, give the medicine every six hours. If attended with paroxysms of fever, coming on at regular periods, give a dose one hour after each paroxysm, and one hour before an antici- pated return; in either case, continue the medicine, until amelioration, or change. Calcarea carb. and Carbo veg. are both indicated when there is a chronic enlargement of the spleen, or if there are indurations. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, of either, every morning for a week, and wait the result, if not favorable, proceed with the other. Ferrum, Lycopodium, and Sulphur may also be consulted for enlargement and indurations, when the mesenteric glands are implicated. DOSE.—Precisely the same as for Calcarea carb. and Carbo veg. Nux vomica is indicated when there is inflammation of the spleen, accompanied by symptoms of deranged digestion, constipation, &c, which remain after the more threatening symptoms are removed. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, and take, every night, half an hour before retiring, Plumbum, Platina, and Stannum may be consulted in chronic enlargements, or chronic inflammation and induration, and particularly if the mesenteric glands partake of the difficulty. DOSE.—The same in all respects as directed for Calcarea carb. Ehus tox. is indicated when severe corporeal exertions have been the cause of the disease, and there is difficulty of breathing. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, until amelioration or change. 298 DISEASES OF THE URINARY But if vomiting of blood occur, give the same dose every three hours. (See Bryonia and Arnica?) Diet.—Similar rules should be observed, with reference to food and drinks, while under treatment for diseases of the spleen, as were given for liver complaint. CHAPTBE VII. DISEASES OF THE URINARY AID GENITAL ORGANS. The urinary and genital organs embrace the kidneys, the bladder, the urethra, (the penis, the testes, and the scrotum in the male;) and the female organs of genera- tion, the ovary, the uterus, and the vaginum. 1.—Inflammation of the Kidneys. (Nephritis.) Symptoms.—Pressing, pungent pain in the back, each side of the spine in the lumbar region, shooting along the ureters to the bladder; difficulty in passing urine; a complete stoppage, or suppression of the urine; when both of the kidneys are involved; the urine hot, and highly colored red; swelling of the testicle on the affected side; numbness, and spasmodic difficulties about the foot of the affected side; nausea; vomiting; colic and straining; motion aggravates the pains; and also lying on the affected part. Causes.—Blows, falls, or strains, or other external injuries; immoderate use of wine, or alchoholic drinks; lying for a great length of time upon the back; abuse of Gantharides, or deleterious drugs; suppressed piles, or menstruation. AND GENITAL ORGANS. 299 Treatment.—The chief remedies in this affection, are Aconite, Arnica, Belladonna, Cannabis, Cantharides, Cocculus, Colchicum, Hepar sulph., Mercurius, Nux vomica, and Pulsatilla. Aconite is always useful in the febrile or inflammatory stage of this affection, and should be repeated frequently in the same manner as in inflammatory fever. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until the pulse becomes reduced in frequency, and the skin moist, or covered with profuse perspir- ation, or until a change. Arnica is indicated if the kidney inflammation is produced by mechanical injuries of any kind, but more particularly such as continuous or severe concussions. It should be employed at first, whatever be the remedies indicated by after development of the symptoms. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration, or change. But if only partial relief should ensue, in the course of twelve hours, it is better to seek an affiliation of other remedies. Belladonna may be indicated when shooting pains are experienced in the kidneys, extending to the bladder; and also when the disease is attended with colic, and pain around the region of the heart; heat and distension in the region of the kidneys; scanty emission of urine of an orange color, or bright red; depositing red sediment, or sometimes thick whitish sediment; anxiety; restlessness, and periodicalaggravation; constipation. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or eight globules, in two tablespoonfuls of water, and give"a teaspoonful every three hours, until decidedly better, or a change. Cannabis is more particularly indicated when the pain is of a dragging, aching, or pressive character; or a sensation, as if from excoriation, is experienced, ex- tending from the region of the kidneys down towards the groin, accompanied by painful and difficult urination. DOSE.—As directed for Belladonna. 300 DISEASES OF THE URINARY Cantharides may be employed with advantage at the commencement of the attack, even when the accompany- ing fever is considerable, particularly when the urine passes off in drops, or is tinged with blood; or when it is exceedingly painful to pass the urine on account of the burning pain in the urethra; when there are general symptoms of shooting, cutting, and tearing pains in the region of the kidneys, and in the loins; or in cases of complete suppression of the urine. DOSE.—-The same as directed for Belladonna and Cannabis. Cocculus and Arsenicum are remedies that may be required to complete a cure after other remedies have produced an amelioration, or Cocculus may be used alone after Nux vomica. If both are employed, three doses of one should be given, and after an elapse of one day, a single dose of the other. DOSE._Dissolve one drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, and give every six hours, or one half every three hours, until there is decided improvement or change. If both remedies are used, twelve hours at least should elapse between the last dose of the first and the first dose of the last; if the patient is not relieved by the employment of these remedies, give Sulphur in the same way. Colchicum is indicated when in addition to the usual symptoms of this disease, there is excessive nausea with drum-like distension of the abdomen; painful urination, or scanty emission of urine of a bright red character. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Hepar sulph. is indicated in chronic inflammation of the kidneys, and particularly when there is induration of the glands as a consequence. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in six teaspoon- fuls of water, and a teaspoonful may be given night and morning for a week, until there is some appearance of improvement or change, then pause for three days, resuming the former course again at the expiration if necessary. AND GENITAL ORGANS. 301 Mercurius viv. is also indicated in chronic inflamma- tion of the kidneys, when in a similar condition as noted under Hepar is present, and particularly if there is diar- rhoea and tenesmus. DOSE._ The same as directed for Belladonna. Nux vomica is especially useful when the difficulty can be traced to a suppression of a hemorrhoidal dis- charge ; determination of blood to the abdomen; excess of stimulants and sedentary habits; and where we find constipation ; feeling of faintness; nausea; vomiting ; distension of the abdomen, and drawing up of the testes and of the spermatic cord. DOSE.—The same as directed for Belladonna. Pulsatilla is of great service when this disease occurs in females of lymphatic temperament, when the complaint is connected with suppression of the menses or irregu- larities of them. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until complete relief is obtained or change. Diet.—The same restrictions as to diet as in inflamma- tory fevers during treatment. Persons predisposed to the affection should strictly avoid wine, malt liquor, spirits, and also oysters and other stimulating food; good whole- some nourishment is by far the best for predisposed per- sons, but it must be free from condiments, except salt. 2.—Inflammation of the Bladder. (Cystitis.) This affection is attended with pain in the bladder, with tension, heat, and swelling externally; and also severe pains when pressed or touched; frequent and painful discharge of urine, or suppression or frequent ineffectual efforts and straining to pass urine; fever and vomiting usually attend the affection, as in Nephritis. 302 DISEASES OF THE URINARY Causes.—The sources of this painful difficulty are the same as Nephritis. Females may become affected with the difficulty more frequently from parturition. Treatment.—The chief remedies are nearly the same as in Nephritis, Aconite, Arsenicum, Cantharides, Digi- talis, Hyoscyamus, Nux vomica and Pulsatilla. Aconite is ever requisite in the initiatory treatment of this disease, if there be a considerable degree of fever, with hot dry skin, rapid pulse, bounding or hard. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, until the pulse becomes reduced and the skin moist, and there are other indications of relief; to complete the cure, consult other medicines with which to continue treatment. Arsenicum is indicated when there is severe scalding of the urine during micturation, intense thirst and rest- lessness. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or four globules, in four spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every three hours, until there is a change of the symp- toms for the better, then every four or six hours according to the degree of mitigation, until complete relief is realised. Cantharides is more frequently indicated in this pain- ful difficulty than any other remedy; it almost always follows Aconite, if the disease commences with a high fever; and when such is not the case, Cantharides may be used from the commencement. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, until amelioration or change that calls for another remedy. Digitalis also is valuable when in addition to the suppression of urine, a constrictive pain is felt in the bladder, (Laurie.) DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, dissolved in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Hyoscyamus is indicated when it is difficult to pass urine in the early stage of the disease, particularly when AND GENITAL ORGANS. 303 we have reason to apprehend that the difficulty originates from spasmodic constriction of the neck of the bladder, and when in fact the difficulty is more characteristic of a spasmodic difficulty than of inflammation. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, dissolved in three tablespoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every three hours. Nux vomica is especially indicated when the affection is fairly attributable to habitual indulgence in wine, malt or spirituous liquors. There is no article of drink more pernicious on account of the peculiar properties of its composition than the lager beer, so much used as a com- mon beverage, and which is productive of more bladder and kidney difficulties than almost any other form of malt liquors. (Nux vomica is the best remedy that can be employed to antidote the pernicious effects of this beve- rage); when inflammation of the bladder springs from this difficulty, a timely administration of this remedy will arrest it; and also when it results from suppressed hemorrhoids or other habitual discharges, or from dys- peptic derangements. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespsoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change; but if within six hours after the fourth dose the improvement should cease to progress, consult some other remedies. Pulsatilla is of great service in checking the affec- tion or of preventing its development when it arises from suppressed menstruation, and moreover it is indicated in cases arising from whatever cause in lymphatic tempera- ment, with the following symptoms:—Frequent desire to urinate; painful and scanty emission of slimy or sanguino- lent urine, which deposites a purulent looking sediment; burning and cutting pains in the lower parts of the bowels, with external heat and tumefaction; suppression of urine. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water; give a teaspoonful every six hours, until amelioration or change. 304 diseases of the urinary 3.—Chronic Inflammation of the Bladder. This difficulty is accompanied by an extremely irritable condition of the bladder, together with a profuse secretion of mucus which is discharged along with the urine ; from the latter circumstance the designation of catarrh of the bladder, has commonly been given to this complaint. The most appropriate remedies for this complaint are Dulcamara, Pulsatilla and Sulphur. Dulcamara is indicated when the catarrh returns on the slightest exposure to cold. Pulsatilla, when it is produced in females at every menstrual period, and also in both sexes of phlegmatic constitutions when there is constant desire to urinate, or when every exposure seems to affect the bladder and produce pain. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every morning and evening; both Dulcamara and Pulsatilla may be prepared and administered in this way, and which ever is selected, continue until amelioration or change. Sulphur is very useful in chronic irritation of the bladder or catarrhal inflammation of the neck of the bladder, causing a frequent inclination to urinate, and also when there is discharge of mucus from the uretha. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every twenty-four hours, at night; independent of chronic inflammation of the bladder, there may be what is termed "irritability ofthe bladder" in aged persons; this is attended with some pain in the region of the bladder, which apparently darts in various directions to the back ofthe anus, thighs, and along the urethra; and whenever the urine accumulates in the bladder the pain is aggravated, and the patient is obliged to urinate several times during a night, and frequently through the day, and not unfrequently it is accomplished with difficulty, usually drop by drop; this irritability constantly draws upon the health, the appe- tite becomes impaired, the spirits depressed, and all the functional processes seem to become more or less impaired, and the patient loses flesh and be- comes emaciated. When the irritation and pain becomes so acute as to cause a spasmodic constriction of the bladder and com- AND GENITAL ORGANS. 305 plete retention of the urine, it may become necessary to evacuate the bladder by means of a catheter, or else the straining will give rise to more formidable symptoms; great anxiety; restlessness and clammy perspiration, but without fever or soreness on pressing upon the region of the bladder. Sometimes spinal irritation may give rise to this diffi- culty, as also may disease of the prostate gland. For this condition of things in aged persons: Sulphur, Pulsatilla, Calcarea and Conium, may be useful. DOSE.—Of either, one drop, or four globules, may be given twice a day, one dose in the morning, fasting, and one in the evening at bed-time; consult also Cannabis, Cantharides, Dulcamara, Hepar, Mercurius and Nux vomica; according to indications, doses and repetition the same as Sulphur, &c. 4.—Gravel. {Urinary Calculus.—Stone.) Gravel is the formation of concretions in the kidneys, for the most part, of a calcareous character, from whence they pass along the ureters into the bladder, and when they are incapable of being discharged with the urine, they remain in the bladder, a nucleus for the depositions of a similar character. The foundation or nucleus for the formation of stone in ,the bladder, may also be a drop of blood, or some extraneous substance lodged there, which receives the calculus concretion in successive accumulations, till it becomes the size and character of a stone. The chemical composition, as well as the size and color of urinary calculi, are various; some are rough, others are smooth on the surface. The greater number are of an oval shape; some are round and some of other shapes. Their size may be from that of a pea, to a hen's egg; sometimes they are white, like chalk; sometimes 27* 306 diseases of the urinary red, or of a chocolate color; or of a yellowish brown tint; some are easily crushed by the slightest force, others resist the stroke of the hammer. These formations may exist in the kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate gland and urethra. But they are most commonly met with in the bladder, where they lie loose in the most pendant part of the organ. Sometimes there is only one, at other times there are a number; hundreds have been taken from a single individual. Sometimes a stone of considerable size may form in the kidney, without occasioning any serious inconvenience to the patient; at others it may occasion severe irritation, and even suppuration of the gland. When a calculus passes along the ureter, there is frequently the most excruciating pain, causing the patient a frequent desire to urinate, with ability to pass but a few drops at a time, and these, for the most part, high colored, and mixed with blood. Sometimes the pain is so great when the calculus is passing the ureter, that the patient is unable to leave the bed, and for the purpose of gaining temporary relief, he is obliged to bend himself double. Attending the difficulty, there is commonly more or less fever, nausea, vomiting, eructation, and retraction of the testicle ; as soon as the stone is passed into the bladder, these distressing symptoms subside. There is even in some instances an intermission of the pain for a few hours.before the stone leaves the ureter, but a relapse afterwards. Symptoms.—Of the group of symptoms denoting the presence of stone in the bladder, one of the first is frequent desire to pass urine, and severe pain towards the last that is passed; attending which, is itching of the AND GENITAL ORGANS. 307 glans penis, and the penis itself; in order to relieve the itching, the patient acquires the habit of pulling the pre,puce. Another symptom, is the sudden stoppage of the stream of urine, this is owing to the stone being carried to the inner opening of the urethra into the bladder, and blocking it up; a proof of which, is, that the flow of urine may return on lying down, or by a change of position. After a while, these symptoms continuing, there is bearing down pains in the rectum, attended with prolapsus of the intestine, which is induced by constant straining to evacuate the bladder. When there is considerable roughness of the stone, there is frequently a mixture of mucus and blood discharged with the urine. Causes.—The causes of stone are obscure, it occurs most frequently in dyspeptics, who live in variable climates, moist and cold. It appears in some instances to be hereditary, and it seems to be a peculiar affection of some families. Treatment.—The most frequent remedies called into requisition in the management of this difficulty, are Cantharides, Calcarea carb., Cannabis, Nux vomica, Nitric acid, Lycopodium, Phosphorus and Sarsaparilla. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, of the first named remedy in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration, or change. If little or no relief is obtained, after two days, proceed with the next remedy, and so on. Diet.—Persons afflicted with stone, should subsist upon farinaceous food, and mucilaginous drinks, as much as possible. 5.—Retention of Urine. (Ischuria.) When an interruption of the flow of urine occurs, and the secretion of the kidneys goes on, the bladder 308 DISEASES OF THE URINARY becomes so filled and distended with the fluid, that it rises up above the pubis, and forms a perceptible swelling in the hypogastric region. The bowels also become somewhat swollen, and tender to the touch. There is always considerable fever present. The incli- nation to pass water, frequent and urging, but painful and ineffectual; inflammation, and consequent mortifi- cation will ensue, when this difficulty continues for any great length of time; under such circumstances, the bladder will become ruptured, and the urine will find an outlet into the abdomen, and death will be the result. Causes.—Inflammation of the urethra, or stricture; suddenly suppressed piles, or enlargement of the hemor- rhoidal veins. Over-distension of the bladder may in some instances close the internal orifice of the urethra, as also may spasm of the neck of the bladder; paralysis of the bladder as well as inflammation and hernia of the organ. Sometimes fatal retention of the urine has been the result of intoxication, or habitual use of wine, some- times by the abundant use of fly blisters, which yield their poison to the system, and sometimes from the lodgement of indurated faeces, or difficulties of the uterus, tumors on the neck of the bladder, swelling of the prostate gland, urinary calculi lodged in the neck of the bladder, or in the urethra. Treatment.—The remedies ordinarily the best adapted to afford relief, are Aconite, Belladonna, Arnica, Cam- phora, Arsenicum, Sulphur, Pulsatilla, Cantharides, Dul- camara, Nux vomica, Opium, Staphysagria, Phospho- rus, &c. Aconite is decidedly indicated when there is con- siderable pain with burning heat in the region of the AND GENITAL ORGANS. 309 bladder, externally manifest to the touch. When the difficulty occurs in children, and there is also distension of the bowels, with complete interruption of the urine, and feculant discharges, this remedy is also indicated. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and in urgent cases give a teaspoonful every half hour, until the symptoms yield. Belladonna is indicated when retention of urine results from distension of the uterus, in consequence of congestion of that organ, or of an accumulation of the menstrual fluid, or from retroversion of the uterus, or from any cause that produces the difficulty but the enlargement of this organ, causing it to press against the urethra or the neck of the bladder. This remedy may be used in connection with Sepia, Pulsatilla or Nux vomica. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in a tumbler one-third part filled with water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until ameliora- tion or change. If it should fail of relief, proceed with the other remedies as indicated. Arnica is indicated when the retention has been caused by some mechanical injury done to the bladder by the use of the catheter, or when the bladder has been distended from want of opportunity of emptying it while travelling, thereby causing the difficulty. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour until relieved, or if it becomes necessary to empty the bladder by means of a catheter. The remaining effects may be alleviated by the use of this remedy. Camphora is indicated when the retention arises from spasmodic action, and is also a valuable remedy when it is difficult to assign any particular cause of the dis- order. This remedy may be used even when there is a burning heat in the abdomen and urethra, with shivering coldness of the surface, and shivering sue- 310 diseases of the urinary ceeded by a hot fit; but as soon as fever sets in, Aconite is decidedly preferable. The spirits of camphor smelled simply will often relieve the difficulty in children and persons very susceptible to impressions. In other cases, one or two drops on a small lump of sugar, repeated, if necessary, once or twice, or, until relieved, every half hour. When the retention of urine has been caused by the excision of piles, either by the knife or ligature, which is sometimes the case, the urine should be drawn off by the catheter, and the pain relieved by the alternate use of Aconite and Sulphur, or Nux vomica; if the patient has been addicted to the habitual use of intoxi- cating liquors, or in case of severe burning, Arsenicum. The repeated application of cold water to the stomach may also prove of service in relieving the sufferings that remain after emptying the bladder by the catheter. But when no assistance of the kind is at hand, Camphora or Aconite ought to be tried first, and it will be found that these remedies will often supercede the necessity of mechanical means at all. The application of hot fomentations over the region of the bladder, or injections of tepid water, or a hip bath of moderately warm water, may sometimes prove serviceable in procuring a relief. Arsenicum may be used with advantage when in conjunction with the difficulty there is a burning pain in the bladder, and even after the urine is drawn off. This remedy may be employed to remove the pain- ful burning that remains, especially when the difficulty has been caused by an operation for piles. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, until relieved or change. AND GENITAL ORGANS. 311 Sulphur, Pulsatilla and Cantharides, Phospho- rus, Lycopodium and Staphysagria are severally indi- cated when retention of the urine is caused by disten- sion of the uterus in consequence of an accumulation of the menstrual fluid, or from tumors pressing against the neck of the bladder. Phosphorus is also another remedy to be consulted. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, but if no relief is manifest after twelve hours, proceed with the next remedy, and so on. Nux vomica, and Opium or Plumbum are remedies that may be used when the difficulty is caused by severe constipation and an accumulation of hardened faeces in the rectum. Aconite and Pulsatilla are indicated if the difficulty be occasioned by the swelling of the prostate gland. Hyoscyamus and Dulcamara, if caused by paralysis of the bladder. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, and if relief is not obtained in twelve hours, proceed to select from the other remedies. But if the remedies seem to prove inefficient, it is necessary to resort to mechanical measures for relief. The catheter should be resorted to with great caution, to prevent injuring the urethra, or doing violence to the neck of the bladder. 6.—Difficulty in discharging Urine. (Strangury. Dysuria.) This difficulty may arise from a variety of causes, such as inflammation of the urethra, arising from gonor- rhoea, or the employment of acrid injections in inflam- mation of the kidneys or bladder; spasm in the neck of the bladder; enlargement of the hemorrhoidal veins; a collection of hardened faeces in the rectum; excess in drinking intoxicating beverages; tumor or other dis- eases of the prostate gland; the suppression of some habitual discharge, or an eruption, or exposure to cold, 312 diseases of the urinary particularly in those of gouty habits; the lodgement of particles of gravel at the neek of the bladder, or in the urethra; and the abuse of cantharides, either as an internal remedy or in the form of blisters applied exter- nally, &c. Symptoms.—This difficulty is attended with frequent desire to urinate; smarting pain; heat, and difficulty in voiding urine, and a sense of distension or fullness in the region of the bladder. The disease is usually termed strangury, when the urine passes off only in drops, or in minute quantities. For a further account of the disease, as induced by the presence of calculus in the kidney or urethra, see Gravel, &c. Treatment.—The remedies found useful are Aconite, Belladonna, Hepar sulph., Mercurius viv., Nux vomica, Pulsatilla and Sulphur. Aconite is useful when there is frequent inclination to make water, with great pain and difficulty in voiding it; the discharge being at the same time very small in quantity, often passed only in drops, and presenting a dark, red, muddy appearance; the symptoms will gene- rally yield by this remedy, or become essentially relieved, in which case some other remedy may be called into use to effect a cure. DOSE—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoon- fuls of water; give a teaspoonful every hour, until complete amelioration or change. Belladonna is particularly indicated when there is a pricking, darting pain, extending from the lumbar region to the bladder, and when there is general agita- tion and colic. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until there is relief of the prominent symptoms, and then wait about six hours, and if improvement continues, there will be no necessity for other remedial agents. and genital organs. 313 Hepar sulph.—When Belladonna has given only temporary relief, this remedy has been called into requi- sition with decided good effect. DOSE—In all respects as for Belladonna. Merucurius viv. is a remedy that may be used in alternation with Hepar sulph., or it may be used if Hepar sulph. fails of affording the desired relief. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop of each, as directed for Belladonna, or six globules, and give a spoonful at a time, alternately, at intervals of two hours, at first, afterwards every three hours, until amelioration or change. Nux vomica, Pulsatilla and Sulphur, are each use- ful when the strangury has resulted from the too free use of ardent spirits or wine. DOSE—Of the selected remedy, one drop, or six globules, in six tea- spoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, and in severe cases every hour, until relieved. Pulsatilla is also useful when there is a sense of ful- nes in the hypogastric region, together with a cutting, burning or aching pain. DOSE.—The same as directed for Belladonna. General treatment.—As a general remedial mea- sure, resort may be had to spirits of camphor, when the strangury is bad; and at the commencement of the difficulty, when but little fever is present, it uniformly proves of service, and particularly when poisons have occasioned the difficulty. After Camphora, Aconite and Pulsatilla may be required, and in general terms we may remark that Aconite will have the preference when a chill, or the prolonged application of cold, is the cause of the strangury. And intimately associated with these remedies are Belladonna, Dulcamara, Nux vomica, Pul- satilla, Mercurius viv., Sulphur, Calcarea carb., Sarsapa- rilla. When inflammation of the prostate gland, Thuja, and Pu Isatilla in particular, have the preference. The age, 28 314 DISEASES OF THE URINARY sex, and temperament of the patient have to be taken into consideration in selecting a remedy. Thus, Lycopodium and Opium are suited to the treatment of the disease in old men, perhaps in connection with other remedies. In disordered or in pregnant females, Pulsatilla, Cal- carea carb., Phosphoric acid, Conium, Sulphur or Nux vomica. In decidedly bilious temperaments, Mercurius viv. and Sulphur. In sanguine, Aconite and Belladonna, and also in children, Aconite, Belladonna, Nux vomica and Pulsatilla, are the medicines which have hitherto produced the best effects. DOSE.—We may remark at the conclusion of these general directions, about the treatment of this difficulty, that any of the above remedies may be selected according to the indications given, and one drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in four tablespoonfuls of water, and a teaspoonful may be given every hour, two hours, or even at longer periods, according to the severity of the case. Diet.—The diet in acute cases must be sparing, consist- ing in some instances, entirely of demulcent drinks, such as gruel, especially if there is great severity of the pain. Warm fomentations and injections of tepid water, some- times give much relief. In this difficulty, it will be well to abstain from the use of anything very salt, and there must be a complete abstinence from all acids. It has been remarked, that cold water drunk frequently through the day, affords relief in chronic cases. It is requisite to avoid all exposure to currents of air, for this is a frequent cause of bringing on the difficulty, in subjects predis- posed. 7.—Suppression of Urine.—(Anury.) This difficulty often occurs in fever and dropsy, and in inflammations of the various organs. It may arise in consequence of the loss of the secretory power by the AND GENITAL ORGANS. 31o kidneys,—and indeed the term uAnury,v or suppression, is now almost exclusively confined to the latter form of the complaint, and we shall so consider it, in this article. The disease usually occurs with those past the middle age of life, but it is occasionally met with, at a less mature age, and sometimes, even, it is met with, in quite young children. Subjects of gout, appear to be the most susceptible to the difficulty, and particularly after being exposed to cold and wet, or on the suppression of an eruption or some accustomed discharge, such as hemorrhoids, and generally speaking, there is no inclination to make water, and moreover there seems to be no occasion, for there appears to be no tumefaction in the region of the bladder, indicating an accumulation of the urine, and therefore, the only inference to be drawn is, that there is a defective secretion of the kidneys, which may be further confirmed by the introduction of the catheter. Symptoms.—In addition to the suppression, there may be nausea, constipation, and an occasional sense of sink- ing. Sometimes a series of other distressing symptoms, such as frequent fits of vomiting, severe hiccough, pain in the back, intense headache, and restlessness. The pulse does not appear, for some time, to indicate any dis- turbance, but after awhile it becomes slower,—then it indicates danger. The skin, generally, presents a normal appearance, but profuse sweating sometimes supervenes, and the perspiration not unfrequently, or at least some- times, exhales a strong urinous odor. Sooner or later, the suppression of the urine will lead to serious consequences; for if the secretion does not go on, the blood is not properly defecated and cerebral diffi- culties will ensue, and the life may terminate in coma. 316 DISEASES OF THE URINARY Treatment.—The chief remedies employed in pr<> moting the healthy function of the kidneys, are Aconite, Camphor, Cantharides, Nux vomica, Pulsa- tilla, Belladonna, Opium, Lycopodium, and Sulphur. The leading indications for the use of any one of these remedies, are the same or similar, to those which have been given under the head of " retention of the urine," or " difficulty in passing urine."11 But in selecting a remedy, it is necessary to bestow particular attention to the causes of the difficutly, and select accordingly. Thus, if suppression of an eruption, is followed by suppression of urine, give Sulphur. If suppressed piles has caused the difficulty, give Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Calcarea carb. or Sepia, &c. But better information may be obtained with regard to the treatment of this disease, by consulting the preceding article on diseases and diffi- culties pertaining to the urinary organs. DOSE.— Of the selected remedy, dissolve one drop or six globules in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour. If no relief takes place in twenty-four hours, pause four hours, select from the other remedies, and proceed in like manner. 8.—Incontinence of Urine. (Enuresis.) This disease consists in some debility that disables one from holding the urine in the bladder, or in other words, that deprives the will of any power to exercise control over the organ, and consequently, the urine passes off involuntarily. The difficulty may proceed from relaxa- tion or paralytic affection of the bladder, in consequence of the secretion of acrid urine, the presence of gravel, or a diseased state of the organ itself. The Treatment of this difficulty, has to be with refer- ence to the causes that produce it, and hence the remedies AND GENITAL ORGANS. 317 employed may be, China, Nux vomica, Opium, Calcarea carb., Sulphur, and many other remedies. China is indicated, if the incontinence of urine pro- ceeds from debilitating losses; as from diarrhoea or hemorrhages, or if it occurs after inflammatory fevers. DOSE—One drop, or four globules, may be given, three times a day. Nux vomica, will of course be indicated, when the incontinence proceeds from relaxation, brought on by a too free use of vinous or spirituous liquors. Considerable relief, if not a radical cure, will, in most instances, be effected by this remedy. Opium, Calcarea carb. and Sul- phur, may also be used in similar instances, provided little relief is obtained from Nux vomica. DOSE.—Of Nux vomica, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every two hours until a change. If either of the other remedies are selected, prepare and use in the same manner as directed for Nux vomica. We may remark in general of the treatment, that if caused by self-pollution, producing a relaxed condition of the sphincter or mouth of the bladder, Sulphur, China, Phosphoric acid, Muriatic acid. If from paralysis of the bladder, which may be the only organ involved or only attendant on a greater para- lytic derangement, Gicuta, Conium, Nux vomica, Sepia and Sulphur. If inflammation about the neck of the bladder and urethra give rise to the difficulty, Camphora, Belladonna, Aconite, Pulsatilla, Ignatia, Conium and Cina. If from the secretion of acrid or highly acidulated urine produces an involuntary flow of urine, Mercurius viv., Arsenicum, Graphites, Iodium, Tartar emetic, and by drinking profusely of cold water. If the presence of gravel or sand create irritation 28* 318 DISEASES OF THE URINARY and consequent involuntary emission of urine as fast as secreted, Cannabis and Phosphorus are the remedies. It may be remarked further that almost any disease attacking feeble constitutions may give rise to urinary difficulties, hence it is always best to select the remedies according to the general groups of symptoms. DOSE.—If any of the remedies above mentioned be selected, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every two hours, or even oftener, if the accompanying symptoms are acute. 9.—Wetting the Bed at Night. (Nocturnal enuresis.) This difficulty is observed to be of frequent occurrence among children under ten or twelve years of age, and in some instances adults become afflicted with the same difficulty; the difficulty may exist in children without any very apparent derangement of the general system, appearing to arise wholly from weakness of the bladder, which gives rise to the difficulty when the power of the will is withdrawn as in sleep. Treatment.—The remedies employed are Carbo ani- malis, Cina, Causticum, Belladonna and Sulphur. Cina is idicated if tbe child is troubled with worms, as is Mercurius viv., Graphites, Sulphur; and also the same remedies may be used with adults when the difficulty arises from the same cause. Carbo animalis may be consulted for the ordinary practice of wetting the bed, when no perceptible cause can be assigned. Causticum may be used with great advantage when the emission takes place only during sleep. Belladonna is indicated when the difficulty appears to occur from cerebral difficulty or irritation. But in the most troublesome and protracted forms of AND GENITAL ORGANS. 319 the difficulty a variety of remedies may be consulted: Pulsatilla, Sulphur, Sepia, Silicea, Carbo veg.,Hepar Sulph., Graphites, Arnica, China, &c. DOSE—Of the remedy selected, give a drop, or four globules, eyery night and morning. General remarks.—For incontinence of urine, the remedies may sometimes be aided by the use of the flesh brush, or sponging with cold water. And in the case of children, if the emission takes place towards the morning, nurses or mothers ought to get into the habit of taking the child up before the time occurs for the mishap; when children are thus predisposed, it will be well to keep them from the use of acid fruits, water-melons or cantelopes; and also from the use of any kind of drinks calculated to stimulate the urinary organs; if the difficulty occurs in young boys ten or twelve years of age, it will be well for parents to ascertain, if possible, if their solitary habits are good; for too often, even at this early period of life, the habit of masturbation is taught these young lads by older offenders; when this difficulty gives rise to wetting the bed, China is one of the best remedies that can be employed. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful three times a day. 10.—Immoderate Secretion of Urine. (Diabetes.) This disease is the diabetes mellitus of medical critics, and consists of an immoderate secretion of urine, con- taining a large proportion of saccharine matter; there are some instances however when the sweet principle is wanting, and this latter variety has been termed diabetes insipidus. The immoderate secretion of the sweet variety is regarded by far the most dangerous and fatal. The 320 DISEASES OF THE URINARY disease for the most part comes on slowly and unper- ceived; intense thirst and voracious appetite, which are found difficult to satisfy; and these symptoms generally remain throughout the disorder, and sometimes they afford the only indications of the disease making its appearance at the commencement; in other cases the patient complains of great lassitude, and a tendency to perspire after any trivial exertion; the appetite, although keen, is generally accompanied by deranged digestion; sometimes pain of a very severe character is complained of in the lumbar region, and a sense of distressing weak- ness is generally experienced in that part of the body; as the disease progresses, especially that form called diabetes mellitus, the body becomes emaciated and pale, the thirst continues excessive, but the quantity of urine voided exceeds in quantity that of the fluid and aliment taken into the system; there is a sense of great pros- tration ; the pulse becomes rapid and weak; the breath- ing laborious, and dropsical inflation takes place in the lower extremites. It has been remarked that this diffi- culty oftener occurs in males than in females, and fre- quently attends sympathetically a mild form of hysteria, hypochondriasis, dyspepsia and asthma; those who are in the decline of life or have a shattered constitution, result- ing from intemperance in eating, drinking or exposure, or from the prolonged abuse of diuretics or cathartics, 01 other powerful depleting measures, such as bleeding, &c, are observed to be the more frequent victims of the disease; there are, however, many instances where no obvious cause can be assigned, sometimes the termination of the disease may take place in five or six weeks, some- times in as many months, and even in as many years, before it terminates fatally. AND GENITAL ORGAxNS. 321 Treatment.—The remedies found the most serviceable are Kali carb., Muriatic acid, Mercurius, Veratrum, and Staphysagria. Kali carbonicum is indicated when there are jerking pains in the region of the kidneys, especially on sitting down, and in the left kidney, dull stitches, somewhat protracted; frequent and violent desire to urinate; very troublesome at night; the urine of a pale green color; burning sensation in the urethra during evacuations; sharp, drawing pains through the penis; pains on motion in the inguinal region; cold feeling in the bowels, as if water were being dropped upon them; burning heat in the stomach; ulcerated gums; dry mouth; violent thirst; fetid breath; languor; very pale and sunken countenance; sunken eyes; irritable, surly state of mind; easily alarmed; uneasiness, and wakefulness; great prostration; feeling of emptiness in the whole body; drawing pains in the back, frequently proceeding from the sacrum. DOSE—One drop, or four globules, may be given every morning, noon and night, until there is a radical change, or amelioration of symptoms. Muriatic acid is indicated in preference to all other remedies in cases where there is an entire absence of thirst, and when the urine has a milky appearance; also in cases of drunkards, where it has proved efficacious. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in two tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour; and if no improvement takes place, after two or three days, try other remedies. Mercurius viv. is indicated when there is incessant desire to make water night and day; swollen, moist prepuce and glans penis; both of them painful; drawing, squeezing sensation in the testicles; a cutting, tearing pain in the left kidney; painful swelling of the gums; toiiite coating upon the tongue; constant dryness of the 822 DISEASES OF THE URINARY mouth; a bad, fetid breath; constant hunger; insatiable thirst; burning, acid, scraping eructations; burning pain in the pit of the stomach; wakefulness in consequence of the perpetual desire to urinate; sunken countenance; slow, languid pulse; general weakness and debility, and swelling of the glands. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules in three tablespoonfuls of water, give a teaspoonful every hour, or two hours, until amelioration or change; if, after twelve hours, there is no perceptible improvement, proceed to try other remedies. Veratrum is indicated when there is great alteration of the countenance; cadaverous appearance; swelling of the gums; looseness of the teeth; sticky dryness of the mouth and fauces, which cannot be removed by any liquids; great nausea and thirst; painful hunger; draw- ing pain in the region of the navel; inordinate flow of urine, even involuntary; soreness ofthe prepuce; extreme prostration and weakness, especially of the extremities; trembling ofthe whole body; inclination to faint; weak, almost imperceptible pulse; and great emaciation. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful every hour. If no improvement occurs in twelve hours, recur to Mercurius or Kali carb. Staphysagria may be called into requisition when diabetes is symptomatic of dyspepsia, asthma, &c., and particularly if there is any predisposition to lung com- plaints lurking in the system. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, until amelioration or change. If after twelve hours there appears to be no improvement, resort to the other remedies indicated. For the symptomatic character of diabetes, see Asthma, Dyspepsia, Hysteria, &c. The diet.—In cases of diabetes it is requisite to adopt a safe or nutritive course of diet as possible. The food should be wholesome and nutritive; that which contains the greatest amount of nutritive matter in the smallest AND GENITAL ORGANS. 323 bulk is by far the most preferable. Potatoes and fruits cannot be taken with impunity by diabetes patients. All kind of fluids that directly or indirectly exert an effect upon the kidneys should be strictly avoided. Milk should in general be abstained from; animal food is better for patients of this class. Beef, mutton, veni- son, are severally useful, if properly cooked; broiled would be preferable. Meats of a digestible quality are preferable to vegetables. 11.—Haemorrhage with the Urine. (Hcematuria.) Various causes may give rise to the passage of blood with urine, as anything that ruptures any of the minute blood-vessels connected with the urinary aparatus may give rise to the difficulty; as for instance, falls, blows, bruises, violent exertion, leaping, jumping, running, hard riding; the lodgement of a stone in the kidney or ureter ; or by inflammation of the kidney. Irregular. menstruation may also occasion the difficulty, as may also the piles, or at least a suppression of them; and also excessive and habitual indulgence in spirituous drinks; the frequent use of certain vegetables, &c, such as asparagus, &c; venereal excesses; and by the abuse of blisters of Spanish flies. In most instances the blood is completely intermixed with the urine, but when it emits, from the lacerating effects of a rough stone, it is generally discharged in streaks and clots, and deposits a dark brown sediment in the urine, like coffee grounds. The act of urination is generally performed with some difficulty under such cir- cumstances, and accompanied by straining efforts. When the blood proceeds from the kidneys, that part of the urine expelled first looks muddy and high colored; is usually 324 DISEASES OF THE URINARY very copious, and attended with severe pain in the lum- bar regions; anxiety; numbness in the thighs; draw- ing up of the testicles; constipation and derangement of the bowels. When the blood comes from the ureter the indicating symptoms are nearly the same as for that which proceeds from the kidneys, with the exception that the pains extend from the lumbar region along the course of the ureter, down into the pelvis, with retention of urine, and sometimes nausea and vomiting. In haemorrhage coming from the bladder, there is generally spasm; retention of urine, sometimes severe burning and other pains in the lower and posterior portions of the stomach, penis and anus during and subsequent to the act of passing urine; and also when the difficulty in making water is considerable; and anxiety; cold sweats; shiver- ing chills; debility and fits of syncope. The blood is not so extremely combined with the urine as in the immediately preceding cases; generally deposits a cohe- rent sediment, and is sometimes passed in a free state. Whenever there is the voiding of bloody urine, it is safe to regard it in a serious light, especially when it is commingled with purulent matter. A variety of cir- cumstances, however, must be taken into account, in order for us to form a tolerable judgment concerning the final result. For instance, we must consider the active and passive nature of the discharge; the age and constitution of the patient; the duration of the recur- rences of the affection; the collateral symptoms, and the occasional or accidental causes, &c. Treatment.—Nearly the same remedies are required for the treatment of this difficulty as for retention of urine or gravel. AND GENITAL ORGANS. 325 Cantharis forms one of the best remedies in use for this difficulty, and in almost all cases it may be resorted to, especially when we are uncertain as to the exciting cause of the disorder, and especially when there is con- siderable difficulty in making water; scalding in the urethra during its passage, or violent spasmodic pains in the whole region of the bowels; the blood discharged being either pure and discharged in drops, or copiously mingled with the urine, or in streaks or clots. Even when the presence of purulent matter is ascertained in the urine, the use of Cantharides may be attended with useful results. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water; give a teaspoonful every two hours, or even every hour, until relieved. Camphor is evidently indicated, when the disorder has originated in the employment of Spanish fly-blister, or tincture, after the allopathic method. DOSE.—One drop of the spirits every hour, until relief is obtained, Should there be any unpleasant after effects, such as burning in the urethra. employ Carbo veg. and Arsenicum. Mezereum has been recommended as an excellent remedy, in hemorrhage from the bladder, or passing blood with the urine, more particularly, when the blood passed does not appear to be in large quantity, and the accompanying pains not very severe; further, when the blood is rarely, if ever, found in a clot after standing. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every hour. Arnica is particularly indicated when the disorder has resulted from external violence, and if the patient is of a plethoric, robust habit, Aconite will be requisite in conjunction with this remedy. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules of each in separate glasses, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give alternately, a teaspoonful every hour, until mitigation or change. 29 326 diseases of the urinal Nux vomica is indicated, when the cause is over indulgence in wine and spirituous drinks, or sudden check of the piles, and there is painful aching in the back, with smarting in the urethra. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour until relieved. Sulphur is certainly a good remedy after Nux vomica. Calcarea carb. may succeed Sulphur. DOSE.—The same as directed for Nux vomica. China, Pulstilla, Sabina, Ipecacuanha, Lycopo- dium, Uva ursi, are severally regarded essential, when purulent matter is detected in the sanguinolent urine. DOSE.—Of either remedy: one drop, or six globules, in a half-tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every hour, for twelve hours; but if twelve hours' trial should show the remedy to be ineffectual, select again. Pulsatilla is very serviceable in females affected with irregular menstruation, when there is blood passed with the urine. It has also been found equally service- able to males, when the passage of blood with the urine, or bloody urine, has been attended with constriction and cutting pains around the navel, extending with great violence to the lumbar region, or when spasmodic pains were experienced in the lower extremities, particularly in the right knee, and from thence upwards, to the groin, with spasmodic retraction of the scrotum and penis, and burning pain at the orifice of the urethra. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, dissolved in half a tumbler of water, may be given, a teaspoonful every hour, until amelioration or change. Sulphur and Calcarea carb. are useful remedies also, to follow Pulsatilla. China is indicated, if the appparent cause of discharg- ing bloody urine be venereal excesses;—and Nux vomica. Sulphur, Calcarea carb. and Phosphorus may be used, as the subsequent remedies. DOSE.—The same in all respects as for Pulsatilla. AND GENITAL ORGANS. 327 When this disease occurs, the patient should seldom drink any cold water, on account of its liability to pro- duce an aggravation of the irritation already existing. Barley-water should in most cases be drank, in conside- rable quantities. Sometimes, this affection occurs, as a secondary disorder merely, in connection with Nephritis and Cystitis. (See these disorders as treated of.) 12.—Inflammation of the Urethra.—Clap.—Gleet. (Urethritis, Gonorrhoea, Blenorrhcea.) This disease varies very much in its character ; some- times it is very trifling, at others it is severe and even dangerous. It consists of an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the urethra, resulting from impure connec- tion, and attended with a discharge of puriform matter. There is a kind of urethritis, however, that occurs in some instances, in the husband, by a common leucorrhoea in his wife. That which results from impure connection, where the patient knows he has incurred the risk, commonly occurs about ten days after. In some cases, however, it begins in two or three days, and in others, again, there is no appearance for as many weeks. According to the extent and intensity of the inflammation, is the severity of the disease. In the most severe forms, it implicates the entire course of the canal, and even affects the mucus membrane of the bladder. Symptoms.—The first symptom of clap, consists of tittilation or itching at the orifice of the urethra, which sometimes extends over the whole of the glans penis, and is accompanied by a frequent inclination to make water. In a short time, some uneasiness is experienced in passing the urine, and the orifice of the urethra is 328 DISEASES OF THE URINARY? observed to be red and swollen, and perhaps a small quantity of discharge is observed. It now becomes more and more painful to urinate, sometimes almost insupportable, while the stream becomes diminished and broken, notwithstanding the increased expulsive efforts exerted by the patient. A somewhat copious discharge of puriform matter, thick, white or yellowish, soon takes place from the urethra. As the inflammation advances, or when it has been intense from the commencement, the discharge becomes greenish, acrid, and sometimes mixed with blood. The glans and prepuce frequently become red and tumefied, involuntary and painful erections often occur, particularly during the night, and there is some- times considerable restlessness, headache, and other symptoms of fever. This is the acute stage of the disease, and continues with unaltered violence for eight or ten days, or even longer, if unchecked, or suffered to be aggravated by the thoughtlessness of the patient, in committing errors, in diet, exposing himself to cold, and sexual excitement. When the acute stage begins to subside, its decline is marked by a diminution of the pain, and scalding sensation in making water, and in a month or six weeks, none of the symptoms may remain. It frequently occurs that the acute form disappears, leaving a chronic discharge of puriform matter, which would seem to indicate that there resulted a chronic inflammation. Women afflicted with the same difficulty, are not generally afflicted so severely with pain as men. Some- times, however, the inflammatory action affects the mucus membrane of the vagina, and even of the womb itself. The discharge takes place from the secreting surfaces of the labia, nymphae, and clitoris, as well as AND GENITAL ORGANS. 329 from the fining of the urinary opening and vagina, in severe cases. In subjects of a healthy constitution, and when the disease is of a mild character, a cure is soon effected, and very easily, provided the patient has resorted to no deleterious agents, and when he applies before the second stage sets in. Treatment. — The disease has not unfrequently yielded in the outset, by the alternate use of Aconite and Cannabis, when the following symptoms are present, viz: redness and fulness of the orifice of the urethra; dis- agreeable itching in the tube; frequent desire to make water; and considerable pain in voiding it. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, of one in the morning, and of the other, in the evening, until relieved, or change. And even when the disease has progressed so far as to be marked by a disposition to urinate frequently, together with lessening of the stream, although the strongest efforts to force it through the urethra, still Cannabis is decidedly the best remedy that can be used. DOSE.—In this stage, a drop, or four globules, may be given every four hours. Mercurius viv. is indicated in gonorrhoea, when the prepuce is extended and swollen; and also in the com- mencement of the second stage, when there remains a muco-purulent discharge of a white, greenish, yellow color, and in passing the last drop of water there is felt some degree of pain; and also when there is a swelling of the lymphatic glands. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or ten globules, of Mercurius in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful- every three hours for an entire day, Silicea or Hepar sulph. may be used as subsequent remedies. Sulphur is indicated after the inflammatory stage is over, particularly when the discharge becomes serous, 29* 330 DISEASES OF THE URINARY and a feehng of uneasiness alone remains in the urethra when voiding urine. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, and do not repeat, wait four days, and see the result. Silicea, Mercurius viv., and Sulphur are the remedies to be called into use in painless gonorrhoea. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, of either, every night. The severe forms of gonorrhoea are met with the following remedies: Aconite, Cantharides, and Cannabis. Aconite is useful for most cases occurring in young persons, vigorous and healthy, attended with headache, restlessness, and febrile symptoms; but it is almost indispensable when the inflammation is severe and extensive; the pain during the passing of urine is most excruciating, the glans and entire penis much swollen, and the suffering greatly aggravated by frequent and almost constant erections. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, every three hours, until three doses are taken. It is rarely necessary to take more, the first dose often relieves. Cantharides is generally required after Aconite when the intensity of the pain and febrile irritation which may have been present, have yielded, but the difficulty in discharging urine proves obstinate, and other distressing symptoms, such as intense desire to urinate, and chordee remain. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every three hours, until amelioration or change. But when used after Aconite, it must not be administered for eight hours after the last dose of this remedy; but it may be employed without ihe previous use ofthe Aconite, when there is no marked degree of constitutional disturbance ; but the scalding during the passing of urine, and chordee, is very severe, and the discharge is greenish, tinged with blood. It would be better, perhaps, to give one drop, or four globules, under such circumstances, every six hours. Cannabis in severe gonorrhoea is requisite sometimes after Cantharides, when the difficulty of passing urine AND GENITAL ORGANS. 331 proves obstinate. These two remedies in alternation, three hours between the administration of each remedy, will suffice, in general, to remove the most obstinate sufferings during the passage of urine. Mercurius and Sulphur are not unfrequently called into use to complete a cure. DOSE.—Of either of these remedies, give one drop, or four globules, from one hour to four or six hours apart, according to the urgency of the symptoms. Diet.—Persons under treatment for this disease, must abstain from eating any stimulating food, such as oysters, &c, and from drinking any stimulating drinks. It is better to partake but lightly of animal food; fat and gravies avoid; and avoid exposures, and particularly sexual excitement, and cold, damp weather. 13.—Inflammation of the Glans Penis. {Balanitis. Balano, Blennorrhea.) In connection with inflammation of the urethra, the glans penis sometimes becomes involved, after an impure connexion; but it by no means follows that it is always dependent upon this cause, for it may occur from mechanical injury, or from deleterious applications to the part, as sometimes happens after the patient has been handling poisonous plants. When the inflammation of the urethra extends so as to involve the glans in the difficulty, and also the pre- puce, Aconite may be given in two doses, four hours apart, and Mercurius viv. is a suitable remedy to follow Aconite, four hours after; Cannabis may also be given when Mercurius fails. DOSE.—The same as for the same remedies in gonorrhoea. Nitric acid is indicated when small superficial ulcera 332 DISEASES OF THE URINARY tions form on the glans penis, in neglected or protracted cases. DOSE.__One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, given morning and evening. Arnica is indicated if the difficulty be from a bruise, but it would be well if there is much swelling and inflam- mation to alternate with Aconite. DOSE—One drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water ; give a teaspoonful every two hours. Ehus tox. is indicated when the blennorrhcea is pro- duced oy being in contact with some poisonous material, and likewise Belladonna and Bryonia may be consulted for the same purpose. Rhus tox. may also prove bene- ficial when the disease springs from mechanical injury. DOSE—Of either, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four teaspoon- fuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until amelioration or change. 14.—Inflammation ofthe Testes. (Swelled testicle.) This difficulty often arises from mechanical injury, but oftener it is sympathetic with irritation of the urethra. The inflammation and swelling come on suddenly, and as abruptly subside, or pass from one testis to the other. In the incipient stage of the attack, the testicle is tumefied, soft, and sensitive to the touch; after a short period it becomes hard and excruciatingly painful. The spermatic cord becomes thickened and tender, and the veins in some instances become varicose. There is pain in the loins; colic; sickness; more or less fever; depres- sion of spirits, and occasionnally a difficulty of making water, although these symptoms are not always present. Treatment.—The medicines chiefly employed are Aconite, Arnica, Aurum, China, Graphites, Lycopodium, Mercurius viv., Nux vomica, Pulsatilla and Sulphur. AND GENITAL ORGANS. 333 Aconite is indicated when the accompanying fever runs high, and there is considerable heat and redness attendant upon the swelling. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls ol water and give a teaspoonful every hour or every two hours, until the fever is reduced. Arnica is indicated when the swelling arises from an external injury. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite. Aurum is indicated when the swelling of the testicle arises from the abuse of mercury, and when there are indurations. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, morning and evening. China is also indicated, if from the abuse of mercury, and may be given one drop, or four globules, every two hours. Graphites and Lycopodium are useful for long stand- ing indurations. DOSE.—Of the remedy selected, a drop, or four globules, every six hours. Mercurius viv., Nux vomica and Pulsatilla, are severally indicated when inflammation and swelling of the testicles take place by metastasis from mumps. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, one drop, or four globules, every two hours. Sulphur is useful if the difficulty has proceeded from the abuse of mercury, and may be employed to complete a cure, when produced by other causes, especially after other remedies have been tried with only partial success. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every twelve hours, until relieved, or there is necessity for change. 334 diseases of the urinary 15.—Dropsy of the Scrotum. (Hydrocele.) Dropsy of the scrotum is a pear-shaped swelling of the same, and is generally associated witn dropsy in other parts. It is elastic, free from pain, and rarely occurs on both sides, but more on the left than on the right. Treatment. The remedies employed are Pulsatilla, Sulphur and Silicea. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given of the first-named remedy every morning. If no relief is obtained within three days, proceed with the next remedy. For the same difficulty in newly-born infants, put six drops of Arnica in half a tumbler of water, and bathe the affected part four times a day ; in older children, one drop, or four globules, may be dissolved in two tablespoonfuls of water, and a teaspoonful may be given twice a day, and bathe the affected part as before with the Arnica, until amelioration or change. 16.—Venereal Disease. (Syphilis.—Chancre.) There are certain symptoms produced by venereal disease termed primary, and others termed secondary. Primary syphilis consists in ulceration, sometimes followed by a swelling of the absorbient glands, which results from a direct application of a peculiar virus to the parts. Chancre is an ulceration situated on the organs of generation. A bubo is a glandular swelling. The ulcer may be on the prepuce, the glans penis at the angle formed by the junction of the two former at the frsenum, the orifice of the urethra, the body of the penis, or even on the scrotum or perinasum. In the female, the ulcers generally form on the labia, nymphae, clitoris, and not unfrequently in the urethra or the vagina. The first symptoms of the chancre become manifest from three to six days after the impure connexion, and AND GENITAL ORGANS. 335 their appearance is announced by itching, which upon examination is found to proceed from a small pimple or pustule having an inflamed base, which feels hard to the touch. Soon after, an elevated point is observed on the minute cone, and from an opening in this there is a discharge of a limpid fluid, which is followed by a more or less rapid development of ulceration. The primary venereal sore wears a different appear- ance and intensity in different individuals, depending in a great measure on the habit of body, age and tem- perament of the patient. The most frequent varieties are the chancre ; the superficial ulcer with raised edges; the phagedenic, and the sloughing ulcer. The chancre commences in the way we have described. As soon as this sore is manifest, it exhibits a tendency to assume a form somewhat circular, becomes deep seated and spreads, and is covered with a tough, adherent mat- ter, which has a hard, cartilagenous base and margin. It has been met with in every part of the genital organs before alluded to. When the ulcer is on the glans it is more inclined to bleed, but is less painful than when found upon the pre- puce or fraenum. The superficial ulcer is considerably elevated at its edges, and sometimes it is spongy, but not attended with induration. It is sometimes associated with two or three sores of the same kind, and has its seat very often on the outside of prepuce; but it is not unfrequently met with, attended with the other sores, on the crown of the penis, under the prepuce, or around its orifice; when located at the side of the frcenum, it usually destroys the fold of the reflected skin. The phagedenic ulcer is destitute of any hard margin 336 DISEASES OF THE URINARY surrounding it or any granulations, but presents a livid- colored circumference, spreading rapidly and alarmingly, especially when badly treated with external irritating applications, or by excessive doses of mercury. The sloughing ulcer has no marked degree of hardness surrounding it, and may be distinguished at first as a black spot, which extends and then casts off, displaying a corroding surface; after the slough has come away, the ulcer that remains is of a painful character, and has a dark blue or crimsom margin; a vitiated habit of body in connection with intemperance or unwholesome diet, together with a residence in an unhealthy atmosphere, may be reckoned among the principal causes, to which may be added abusive treatment with mercury or irri- tating local applications. If this course of maltreatment is persevered in, or the spreading of the ulcers is not checked, they will go on sloughing and ulcerating until the destruction of the whole of the external sexual organs is completed. Treatment.—The principal remedies in Syphilis are Mercurius vivus and Mercurius corrosivus, but Nitric acid, Arsenicum and Sulphur are called into requisition. When mercury has not been employed in any of the various forms of the diseases, it is safe to resort to it homceopathically; for, notwithstanding the sad conse- quences resulting from its use in the massive doses in the hands of allopathic physicians, no fear is to be apprehended of such results in the hands of the homceo- path, for if he restricts himself to homoeopathic practice, there can be none of the dangerous aggravations predi- cated of its use in the hands of those who use it empiri- cally as the remedy. Mercurius viv. is indicated where the health of the AND GENITAL ORGANS. 337 patient has been remarkably good and the sore has not been of long duration, and where it has not been aggra vated by previous treatment, and with it a cure can often be effected in two or three weeks. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given every three hours, for two days, and then night and morning, until the ulcer exhibits a healing aspect, and then only once in two days. Mercurius corrosivus is indicated in torpid consti- tutions. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be given every morning and even- ing, until a copious discharge of healthy pus supervenes, or the excavations of the ulcers begin to fill up with healthy granulations; as soon as either the one or the other takes place, discontinue the remedy for several days, and then commence again, a few more doses will effect a cure where granula- tion has taken place ; but if otherwise, which is rarely the case, a dose or two of Sulphur may produce a favorable effect. Nitric acid is indicated if pale and flabby granula- tions of a prominent character, that do not appear to exhibit the firm and florid appearance of the healthy granulations spoken of above. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given night and morning, until amelioration or change. Arsenicum is indicated after Mercurius has produced some improvement in the sore, when it becomes less con- tagious at its base, and fills up with florid and to elevated granulations, and remains hard at the margin, and painful irritable and bleeding at the slightest touch, and secretes a thin acrid offensive discharge. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, mav be given three times a day, at intervals of six hours; if this does not effect a cure after four days' trial, Sulphur or Nitric acid may be employed in the same doses to complete the cure; Nitric acid in the same dose may be em- ployed after Arsenicum, especially when the ulcer has spread rapidly and attained a large size at the commencement, from four to eight weeks gene- rally elapse, a cure can be established in these cases. Diet.—While under homoeopathic treatment for vene- real disease, it is requisite for the patient to abstain from 30 338 diseases of the skin. all heating drinks, such as wine, gin or 1 randy; coffee, beer and condiments, except salt in great moderation; the diet should be light, consisting of farinaceous gruels, stale wheat bread, or plain toast and black tea; the patient should exercise but little, and should avoid all ex- posures to damp and cold, and above all, avoid keeping late hours or eating oyster suppers, and keep as free as possible from sexual excitement; and lastly, let the mind be preserved in a calm state, avoiding all unnecessary excitement, or dwelling in despondency upon the disease, or hasty resort to topical applications. CHAPTEE VIII. DISEASES OF THE SKIN.—CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS. We have already under the head of eruptive fevers, considered a number of diseases, that are attended by some kind of eruption upon the skin, viz: nettle rash, scarlet rash, scarlet fever, measles, erysipelas, (St. Anthony's fire, or rose,) chicken pox, varioloid and small pox. We will now treat of such other diseases as are usually comprehended in cutaneous affections. 1.—Boil. Furunculus. Abscessus Nucleolus. The boil is a tumor somewhat conical in shape, which is hard, inflames slowly, and suppurates. The matter which it first discharges, is for the most part mixed with blood, but afterwards it is pus, or morbidly altered cellular membrane, a portion of which formed into a cutaneous affections. 339 round hard mass, constitutes what, in common parlance is termed the core; the same may form the nucleus of other prominances, after those which first appeared have healed. Causes.—Some persons are constitutionally predis- posed to boils. They may also follow acute fevers, other eruptive diseases, itch, &c. Treatment.—The remedies employed in the treatment of boils, are Arnica, Aconite, Belladonna, Hepar sulph., Mercurius, and Sulphur. Arnica is indicated in a majority of instances, and will speedily cause an abatement of the swelling and inflammation, and frequently prevent others from making their appearance; but to accomplish this latter purpose, Sulphur may be required to thoroughly eradicate the affection. The use of the two remedies may have the best effect, if used in each attack. Arnica may reduce the swelling and soreness, but as soon as the tumor begins to heal, it is better to resort to Sulphur, to prevent others from appearing from the nuclei remaining from the first. DOSE.— One drop, or four globules may be given in a spoonful of water, night and morning, until amelioration, or change. If the acute symptoms yield readily, pause for three days, and proceed to administer Sulphur, one drop, or four globules, every twenty-four hours. Aconite is indicated when the boil presents an intense inflammatory appearance, and the affection is attended with fever and restlessness. After it has subdued these symptoms, another remedy more specific may be re- sorted to, for the purpose of eradicating the remaining features of the disease. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful three times a day, until the acute symptoms disappear. 340 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. Belladonna is of service when the boil has an inflamed, fiery, or erysipelatous, red appearance, or more- cver, should it, if located on the extremities, be attended with swelling and tenderness of the glands, under the armpit, or upon the groin, with dry, hot skin, thirst and headache. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or eight globules, in three spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful night and morning, until amelioration, or change ; but if the swelling should remove after the use of this remedy, pause twenty-four hours, proceed with the use of Mercurius viv. Mercurius is especially indicated after Belladonna has subdued the inflammatory redness, and has failed of removing the swelling. DOSE.—The same as directed for Belladonna. Hepar sulph. is indicated when the matter has formed, to bring the tumor to a head, so as to curtail the suffering. DOSE.—The same as directed for Belladonna and Mercurius. Sulphur is more particularly serviceable in obviating an attack after Arnica and other remedies have subdued the symptoms for which they are indicated; but if this remedy in connection with the foregoing is not found sufficient, Lycopodium, Nux vomica, Nitric acid, or Phos- phorus may be consulted. Diet.—The same as directed in acute fevers. 2.—Carbuncle. (Anthrax. Furunculus Malignans. Pustulo Nigra.) The carbuncle differs from the boil, in having no cen- tral core, but in some respects, it resembles it. It is a deep-seated, circumscribed, hard, and excessively painful swelling, of a livid hue, and attended with great itching and burning heat. The carbuncle does not suppurate like the boil, but terminates in sloughing. It is usually accompanied by inflammation at the commencement, but cutaneous affections. 341 these are soon succeeded by vesications, having an acrid, offensive fluid, which is discharged through numerous apertures occupying every part of the tumor, and com- municating with cavities readily running into gangrene, and sometimes proving fatal, from the extension of mor- tification. The disease is usually attended with fever, nausea, loss of appetite, great prostration of strength, and inability to sleep; in some cases, to such a degree, as to destroy the patient. Sometimes recovery takes place from this affection, after the patient has experienced a great deal of suffer- ing ; but when seated upon the head, it is exceedingly doubtful if the patient recovers. Treatment.—The most useful remedies are Arseni- cum, Hepar sulph., Lachesis and Silicea. Arsenicum is indicated, when there is great prostra- tion, and the disease exhibits symptoms of gangrene. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, three times a day. Hepar sulph. is the remedy best adapted, when extensive cavities are formed, and the discharge is pro- fuse and purulent. DOSE.—The same as directed for Arsenicum. Lachesis is particularly indicated, when the carbuncle is of a bluish or livid complexion, and is rapidly extending. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in three spoonfuls of water ; give a spoonful three times a day, at first, for two days; afterwards night and morning, until progressive improvement or change ensues. Silicea may be employed, from the commencement of the disease, and it will frequently effect a cure. It may also be used after Hepar sulph. DOSE.—Four globules, night and morning, or one drop of the dilution 30* 342 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. may be dissolved in two spoonfuls of water, one of which may be given at night, and the other in the morning. Diet and Regimen.—As this disease is more fre- quently manifested in the aged and infirm, it is requisite to provide a judicious diet. Meat-broths, and other articles easy of digestion may be resorted to, for the purpose of providing for the processes of nutrition. 3.—Chilblains. (Pemiones.) This affection is of an inflammatory character, and results from cold, or a sudden transition from cold to heat, or vice versd. It generally attacks the feet, but sometimes, it affects the hands, ears, nose, &c. When the chilblains burst and become ulcerated, they constitute an exceedingly painful suffering. When chilblains become thus painful, it indicates some constitutional taint, that should receive the proper treat- ment, in accordance with the indicating symptoms and the temperament of the individual. The difficulty is most prevalent, in moist and tem- perate climates, and often disappears spontaneously in summer, and regularly returns in the winter, and those who once suffer from the affection, are very liable to its recurrence. Treatment.—This must be divided into external and internal. The remedies employed internally are, Arseni- cum, Chamomilla, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Phosphorus, and Sulphur. Arsenicum and Chamomilla may be used in alterna- tion, for the acute, burning pains, and also for the irri- table, ill-conditioned ulcers, which sometimes occur as the result,—or either of the remedies may be used alone. The Chamomilla, when there are acute pains in the affected part, and Arsenicum after the use of Chamomilla CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS. 343 DOSE.—Of either, when used alone, one drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in four tablespoonfuls of water, and a spoonful may be given every six hours, or if used in alternation, Chamomilla should be given in the morning, and Arsenicum in the evening, until amelioration or change. Nux vomica is particularly indicated when the inflam- mation is of a bright red color; if this remedy proves insufficient, proceed with the use of Sulphur. DOSE.—As directed for Chamomilla or Arsenicum. Pulsatilla is required when the skin assumes a deep red, or bluish or livid hue, and is accompanied by intense burning and itching. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful three times a day six hours apart. Phosphorus is useful after Pulsatilla has proved inefficient, and also after ulceration makes its appear- ance. This remedy is of great use, and frequently ope- rates a speedy cure. DOSE—As directed for Pulsatilla. Sulphur is a valuable remedy when the inflammation and itching are very severe, and the affection has failed to yield to the other remedies employed in this affection. External Treatment. The application of cold or iced water to mild forms of the complaint, will often effect a cure, but this appli- cation must not be used by delicate females or gouty persons, nor with those suffering from or predisposed to pulmonary difficulties. Covering the affected part with cotton will sometimes prove salutary in curing the disease. Tincture of Cantharides may be used externally in recent chilblains produced by exposure to intense cold; it operates against the formation of blisters, and aids in subduing the congestive action. It may be 344 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. applied by adding four or five drops to half a tumbler of water, and bathing the parts three times a day, until relieved. Tinct. Arnica is useful, while the same remedy is administered internally, provided the indications are such as to require this remedy. Add a teaspoonful to a tumblerful of water, and bathe the parts with the lotion three times a day. Rhus tox., in external use, sometimes effects a cure when there is smarting, itching, and irritation. Add ten drops to half a tumbler of water, and bathe the parts affected three times a day, until relieved. Tinct. Causticum may be called into requisition when the chilblains become broken, or deep ulceration has taken place. Add five drops to half a tumbler of water, and bathe as directed for Rhus tox. 4.—Corns. (Clavipedis.) Some persons are prone to suffer more readily than others from these troublesome excresences, being more susceptible to the exciting causes. Some can wear tight boots or shoes without inconvenience, while others are obliged to exercise the greatest precaution, and still they are made to suffer severely. It is therefore evident that some inherent constitutional taint may often be the predisposing cause, which internal remedies may be required to eradicate. Treatment.—The remedies employed to eradicate the inherent predisposition, are Antimonium crud., Ammo- nium carb., Bryonia, Calcarea, Ignatia, Lycopodium, Phosphorus, Sepia, Silicea and Sulphur. Antimonium crud., Sepia, Silicea and Sulphur — Either one of these remedies may be employed as found CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS. 315 indicated, to eradicate the predisposing cause, or to overcome the irritation from which the general system suffers. DOSE.—Of Antimonium crud., give four globules, or one drop, every day, for a week, or until corns cease to form ; if there appears to be an indication of a good result, but if after three weeks' trial there is not much amelioration, proceed to give the other remedies in the order which they are given, in the same manner as the first mentioned. Ammonium Carb., Calcarea, Bryonia, Ignatia, Rhus tox. and Lycopodium, are also remedies that may be employed in the effectual eradication of the predispo- sition to the formation of corns. DOSE.—Of Bryonia, Rhus tox. or Ignatia, give a drop, or four globules, every morning, for a week, then wait for a week and proceed again as before. The other remedies to be used in the same way. External Treatment. Tinct. of Arnica.—After the corn has been soaked in warm water, prepare a lotion of one teaspoonful of this tincture to half a pint of water, and bathe the corn three or four times a day, scraping the corn down with great care during the time of making the application. In case of redness and swelling of the heel, resembling a chilblain, which may have been produced by the boot or shoe, Nux vomica may be given internally three times a day. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, one of which may be given in the morning, another at noon, and another at night, and the Tinct. of Arnica may be employed, as above. 5.—Abscess. (Lymphatic tumors,—Disea.se of the Conglobate glands.) By the the term abscess is understood a collection of matter, resulting from diseased action, which is contained in a sac or cyst of organized lymph, furnished with absorbent and secreting vessels. 346 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. There are in general two classes of abscesses: the acute and chronic. Acute abscesses are always preceded by sensiblility in the affected part, and this is soon followed by suppuration. When the suppurative pro- cess commences, there is a change in the appearance of the skin, and the description of the pain. Before, the skin is usually red, but becomes livid when it begins to suppurate, and the pain becomes more obtuse and throbbing. There is also augmentation of the swelling, and when matter is formed, there is perceptible fluctua- tion of the part, especially when the abscess is not too deeply seated; lastly, in persons hereditarily predis- posed to abscess, there is always fever and chills attend- ing the inflammatory stage, by no means regular, though each chill is succeeded by fever and heat, until the vio- lence of the whole subsides, in consequence of the sup- purating process. When the abscess is ripe, there is presented somewhat of a conical shape in its centre; over this the skin becomes livid and thin, and ere long bursts and allows the contents of the cavity to escape. Chronic abscesses, on the other hand, are not usually preceded by any apparent inflammation or disorder in the system, until it begins to approach the surface of the skin, and forms an external swelling. The matter which is secreted is unhealthy, thin, serous, and contains flaky substances resembling curds; when the pus is evacuated, and the air admitted into the cavity, inflammation of the cyst arises, and is productive of a good effect, if the abscess be small; but if it be large, great constitutional disturbance takes place; the cavity instead of contracting and filling up under the process of healthy granulation or incarnation, goes on dis- cutaneous affections. 347 charging copiously, and results in the production of hectic fever. Treatment.—The suppurative process of acute ab- scesses may be hastened by the application of warm fomentations and unmedicated poultices. The internal remedies employed are Calcarea carb., Hepar sulphur, Lachesis, Mercurius, Phosphorus and Silicea. Calcarea carb. may be employed, as soon as the matter is discharged from the abscess. The remedy may be used in alternation with Phosphorus, in chronic cases. DOSE.—One drop or four globules, may be administered night and morning, until amelioration or change. In alternation with Phosphorus, the Calcarea may be used one day, and the Phosphorus the next; or in long standing cases, two or three days may intervene between the reme- dies. Hepar sulph. is of great use, in forwarding the sup- purative process in acute abscesses. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours for one day, and then every six hours, until a change ensues. Lachesis is required after the use of Hepar sulph., and sometimes at the commencement, when a large por- tion of the skin is much distended, and presents a deep red, or bluish appearance, or when the structure of this portion has been destroyed by the magnitude of the abscess. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every four hours, until amelioration or change. In ordinary cases of the acute abscess, the use of the lancet is rarely necessary, but in cases where the exten- sive diffusion or pressure of the pus, is liable to injure important parts,—as when situated under expanded ligaments and tendons. The use of the lancet is appa- rent, and also, when abscesses are so situated as to afford a reason for apprehending their discharge into some of 348 diseases of the skin. the internal cavities,—they should be opened by the lancet, to avoid an occurrence of the kind. When such cases occur, the artificial opening with the lancet ought to be made at the most dependent part, when this can be readily accomplished. When this is impracticable, in consequence of the great thickness of the parts between the purulent matter and the skin, then it is better to select the most prominent, or pointed part. But if this point manifests itself upon the upper por- tion of the abscess, it is far better to dispense with the lancet, and to promote the spontaneous opening of the abscess, by the use of such remedies as have been found useful for the purpose. Hepar sulph., Silicea and Lachesis, are severally adapted to promote this desirable termination; the particular indication for each, is to be determined. It has been regarded a useful course, to make an out- let in a chronic abscess as early as possible, in order to prevent its large accumulation, and thereby to avoid the alarming constitutional disturbance, which is so prone to occur in such cases, from the extent of the inflammation, after the rupture of the abscess. The lancet should be inserted near the base of the abscess, and only large enough to admit of the exit of the matter. Sometimes, after the matter is evacuated, it collects again; and this is when the collection in the first place is extensive. On this account, it has been recommended to heal up the opening immediately, and make a new one when neces- sity requires it, and this should be done before there is a great accumulation, as before. In the Treatment of Chronic Abscess, Mercurius viv., Hepar sulph., Silicea, Calcarea, and Phosphorus, are the chief remedies. One or more of these should be CUTANEOUS affections. 349 employed, as soon as the matter has been withdrawn from the abscess. DOSE.—One drop or four globules, may be dissolved in a spoonful of water and be given every six hours, until some indication of a healing pro- cess commences. But if, after two days' trial, there appears to be no indi- cation of the salutary effects of the remedy, and there appears to be some threatening of the re-formation of other abscesses in succession, wait for twelve hours, and then proceed with the next remedy and so on. Hepar sulph. should be given twelve hours after the fourth dose of Mercurius viv., should the latter prove inadequate to effect a cure, and if fresh matter begins to form. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every four hours; when, however, in cases of open abscess, the parts betraying a tendency to chronic ulceration, proceed with one or both of the next medicines, Calcarea and Phosphorus, but not for three or four days after the use of Hepar sulphur is discontinued. Calcarea and phosphorus.—Either of these medi- cines may be administered by itself, alternately with the other, or in succession, according to the distinctive charac- teristics of the abscess or combination of the symptoms. OOSE.—If either be given alone, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every night and morning, until amelioration or change; if in alternation, give two doses as just directed of the one, at intervals of twelve hours, then wait four days and give two doses ofthe other, and so on in rotation until the abscess indicates a change for the better. Silicea and sulphur.—One or both of these remedies may be required, sometimes singly, sometimes in alter- nation, and at other times in succession; they are useful in those severe and protracted cases, associated with deep-seated and constitutional taint, in which the con- tinued suppuration seems to exhaust the system, and hectic fever and considerable emaciation supervenes. DOSE.—If either ofthe medicines be given by itself, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful night and morning for a week, or until the first appearance of amelioration or change, then discontinue for four days, and repeat again the same course as just directed, then wait again four days, and in this way continue the treatment until permanent improvement of the abscess or change. If in 31 350 diseases of the skin. alternation, give one remedy one week as directed above, and the other the next week, and so on alternately until amelioration or change. Diet.—In acute abscess, and particularly when there is considerable fever present during the first stage, nearly the same diet is requisite as in acute fevers; but in chronic abscess, the diet may be in accordance with the patient's appetite; if he crave food, he should have such as will nourish and sustain him and prove easy of digestion; rice and barley gruel; meat broths; toast and black tea; broiled mutfbn chops; and sometimes a poached egg may be allowed. 6.—Itch. (Scabies.—Psora.) This disease consists in an inflammatory condition of the skin, characterised by a peculiar eruption of pointed vesicles, transparent at the top, and filled with thin matter, sometimes these pimples or vesicles terminate in pustules or blisters; this eruption appears all over the body, except the face, very frequently about the hands between the fingers, and at the bend of the joints, &c, and is attended with constant and almost insupportable itching, but without fever; this disorder does not uni- formly sustain the same character as to the kind of erup- tion, but it is exceeding difficult to point out any difference in other respects. Treatment.—The remedies principally employed in the treatment of this annoying disease, are Sulphur, Cal- carea, Hepar sulph., Lycopodium, Sepia, Sulph. acidum, Stramonium and Rhus tox. Sulphur is unquestionably one of the best remedies that can be employed in this troublesome complaint. The remedy is indicated by the main feature of the dis- ease, the itching; it is more particularly indicated for cutaneous affections. 351 persons of a nutritive temperament, full habit, robust and fleshy; this remedy may be followed by Lycopodium. DOSE.—One drop, or ten globules, may be dissolved in four tablespoon- fuls of water, and a teaspoonful may be given three times a day. If after using this temedy three days the itching does not disappear, five drops may be dissolved in a tumbler half filled with water, and with a clean sponge the whole surface of the body may be wet with the lotion. Calcarea is better suited for females of irritable con- stitutions, and particularly when the itching seems to come on or is excited by some internal derangement of the digestive or uterine functions. DOSE.—The same as for Sulphur. Hepar sulphur is indicated for neglected cases, when the vesicles have spread so as to acquire the appearance of ulcers that have discharged their contents. DOSE.—The same as for Sulphur. Lycopodium is also one of the remedies for neglected cases, particularly when Sulphur proves inefficient. DOSE.—As directed for Sulphur. Sepia is also a remedy that is useful in the treatment of neglected cases in females, and in persons of delicate constitution. DOSE.—As directed for Sulphur. Sulphuric acid is particularly indicated when the breaking of the pustules, together with their discharge, should occasion extensive incrustation. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in half a tumbler of water, a teaspoonful may be given every six hours, for a week, and then dis- continue for another week, and commence again, and continue for another week, and then discontinue as before, and so on until a cure is effected. Stramonium and Rhus tox are of great service when the pustules are large, and coagulate to form patches or blotches, and sometimes ulcerate to a greater or less extent. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules of either, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every six hours, until the itching subsides, and the skin begins to heal, and there appears to be a permanent improvement. 352 Diseases of the skin. Silicea and Mezereum are remedies that may be employed when the papular appearance is very strongly marked. For the dry itch, Mercurius, Hepar sulph., Sepia, and Sulphur are the remedies. For the Humid itch, Sulphuric acid, Rhus tox., Graphites, Mercurius, Carbo veg. When the itch assumes the pustular form, and the pustules are globular, of a yellowish or bluish color, Lachesis has been proved to be the most salutary remedy. DOSE.—Dissolve as directed for Stramonium and Rhus tox., and ad- minister the same. When the itch is of a watery character, (scabies lym- phatica,) and seems to present the appearance of vesicles of considerable size, without an inflamed base, much the same treatment may be resorted to, as has been detailed under Sulphur, Hepar sulph., Lycopodium, &c. Sometimes the disease becomes materially altered by the use of Sulphur, in an allopathic way; in such an event it is necessary to have recourse to Mercurius, Sepia, Rhus tox., Staphysagria, Nitric acid, &c, &c. An exceedingly attenuated solution of Kreosotum, used both as an internal remedy, and as a lotion, may be found useful in some obstinate cases of this annoying difficulty. When the itch has been suppressed by powerful ex- ternal applications, Arsenicum, Carbo veg., Sulphur, Calcarea, and Silicea, are remedies to be employed. When larger boils make their appearance during the course of the disease, or in consequence of the disease, or on its disappearance, Silicea is the remedy. DOSE.—Of whatever remedy selected, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours during the day, and if no relief is obtained from the first selection, after a day's trial, try another. CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS. 353 Diet and Regimen.—It is necessary that persons afflicted with scabies should have good wholesome food, free from irritating condiments, or medicinal properties; that they should sleep in well ventilated apartments, and should pay strict attention to personal cleanliness, and changes of clothing. The itch is not an affection that can be cured in a moment. It can be driven from the skin in a very short time, by the use of external agents, or unguents; but this course is detrimental to the prospects of the consti- tution, for the enjoyment of good health afterwards, for what is suppressed from the surface, may fall upon the more vital organs of the body, and after a lapse of years, fatal disease may break out as the consequence. It is, therefore, better to cure the disease without recourse to external agents, although it may require more time, patience, and perseverance to do so. 7.—Whitlow. (Panaris Paronychia?) This term is used to denote a kind of abscess, that makes its appearance near the end of the finger, some- times surrounding the nail. It is usually attended with considerable pain and swelling. It has a great prone- ness to reappear in persons that have once suffered from them, and this fact alone argues the importance of treat- ing the affection as a constitutional disturbance, and not merely as a local affection. Treatment.—We may have recourse to the following medicines in the treatment of whitlow. Mercurius, Hepar sulph., Rhus tox., Lachesis, Silicea and Sulphur. Mercurius is useful, \yhen the affection is in the incipient stage, and when the redness of the abscess and . pain first begin to make their appearance. 31* 354 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, for two days, and afterwards, every twelve hours, until relief is obtained, or there is necessity for another remedy. Hepar sulphur, is an excellent remedy with which to follow Mercurius, if under the use of this latter remedy, there has been no abatement of the swelling, or if the pain should become intense and throbbing. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in half a tumblerful of water, and give a tablespoonful every six hours until the whitlow discharges. Rhus tox. is indicated, when the constitution is tainted with erysipelas, so as to impart to the whitlow considerable degree of its character during the inflam- matory stage. DOSE.—As directed for Hepar sulphur. Lachesis is sometimes of service in whitlow, and par- ticularly, when the affected part is of a dark red or bluish hue, and the pains extremely violent; when this remedy is not sufficient to give relief, it may be followed by Arsenicum and Carbo veg., and particularly if the whitlow is of a black, or gray appearance, attended with a burning pain. DOSE.—The same as for Hepar sulphur or Rhus tox. Silicea. This remedy is preferable to Hepar sulphur, in a corresponding stage of treatment, but in severe forms of whitlow, and when the pus is deep-seated and the swelling, heat, and tenseness considerable, and attended with excruciating pain, or more especially, when there is reason to apprehend that the bone is affected. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful every six hours until the whitlow discharges. If this result should not take place in twenty-four hours, proceed with the use of Sulphur. CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS. 355 Sulphur should be called into requisition after Silicea, but not for twelve hours after the last dose of the latter remedy has been given. It may be used in alternation with Silicea, when this remedy does not speedily promote suppuration. DOSE.—Four globules, in a tablespoonful of water, repeated after the lapse of twelve hours, or one drop may be given in a spoonful of water in the same way. After twelve hours, if the Sulphur has not produced the desired effect, Silicea may be again employed. External Applications.—Poultices made of bread and milk, or slippery elm, or linseed meal, may be employed to hasten suppuration, so as to relieve the pain; and moreover, it is said, that the north pole of the magnet, held a minute or two to the affected finger, will relieve the pain. 8.—Itching of the Skin. (Irritation of the Skin.—Prurigo.) This disease is not of the same character as scabies, although there is intense itching. It usually accom- panies other diseases, and has to be treated accordingly. In some cases, however, prurigo exists by itself, and is generally caused by scarcely perceptible colorless elevations under the cuticle, which, however, are quite large, soft, and smooth, and without desquamation, or any peculiar eruptive appearance. Treatment.—Sulphur, Conium, Ignatia, Mercurius, Pulsatilla, Rhus tox., Hepar sulph., and Nux vomica. Sulphur is the best remedy to be directed against this distressing malady, and it is frequently specific, particularly when the itching comes on in the evening, or when the body is warm in the bed; but in other, and more ordinary cases, other remedies may be employed. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful morning and evening for a week, after which, if 356 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. the itching is not gone, begin again, and proceed as before, until relief or change. Conium is of great service in this affection, when the itching is partial, confined particularly to certain localities, as the backs of the hands, arms, and the scrotum and skin of the penis. DOSE.—The same in every respect as directed for Sulphur. Ignatia is indicated when the irritation and itching is most severe on going to bed, and resembles flea-bites all over the body, but shifts from part to part, which scratching relieves. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful three times a day for one day, and then dis- continue for two days; if not perfectly relieved, recur to the remedy again. Mercurius viv. is indicated when the irritative or itching continues through the whole night. It is par- ticularly useful after Pulsatilla ; and also when the parts bleed easily after scratching. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every night and morning for three days, then discontinue for three days, and if necessary recur again. Sulphur may follow if -the remedy appears not to suffice. Pulsatilla is more particularly serviceable when the irritation comes on in the warmth of the bed, and is aggravated by scratching. DOSE.—As directed for Ignatia. But if only partial relief is the result, within two days after the second course resort to Mercurius. Rhus tox. is of service when the itching is attended with violent burning sensation, and followed by smarting when scratched. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules in two tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful night and morning, every other day, until four days elapse, and then discontinue four days, and if symptoms still con- continue, proceed with the use of Hepar sulph, Hepar sulph. If their ritation should continue to be more or less troublesome, this remedy may be given four days after the last dose of Rhus tox. CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS. 357 DOSE.—One drop, or four globules may be given night and morning, and then discontinue for three days; if the itching is not subdued, com- mence again, and proceed as before. Nux vomica when the itching appears on removing the clothes at night. This remedy may be used in alternation with Arsenicum, when the itching commences on undressing. DOSE.—Give one drop, or four globules of Nux vomica at night, and after three days, if the itching continues, give the same of Arsenicum, and so on in rotation, until permanent amelioration or change. 9.—Ring-worm. (Herpes Circinnatus. Herpes Serpigo.) This is a form of herpes that breaks out in a spot, and spreads in a circular form. It is a common affection of children, and believed to be contagious from the fact that many children attending the same school, or members of the same household, become affected with it at the same time; although there is doubt upon this subject. When it exists without being complicated with other diseases, it is not attended by any marked constitutional derangement. The disorder breaks out in rings, the vesicles only occupying the circumference; these are small, and have a red colored base. About the fourth or fifth day the vesicles become turbid, and then discharge, when brownish scales form over them. The skin embraced within the enclosure, is sometimes healthy, at other times rough and of a reddish hue, and falls off in scales as the eruption dies away. The duration of the affection is various, sometimes the rings come, and die away in two weeks after their first appearance, and then they appear in succession on other portions of the face, neck, arms, and shoulders. This frequently happens in warm climates, or during hot 358 diseases of the sk?n. weather, in the country, and on this account is more stubborn, and often proves quite protracted. Treatment.—The principal remedies found salutary in this affection, are Sepia, Natrum muriaticum, Nux vomica, Calcarea carb., Rhus t >x., and Sulphur. Sepia will prove specific for a majority of cases. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be dissolved in two spoonfuls of water, one drop may be given at night, and the other in the morning, and then wait four days, and repeat in the same manner. Should there be any indication of other rings making their appearance, try the next remedy. Rhus tox. and Sulphur will be found serviceable in obstinate cases. DOSE-—Give one drop, or four globules of Rhus tox., and wait four days, and then give a similar dose of Sulphur; in each case dissolve the remedy in a spoonful of water; and if no new symptoms appear, this course may be repeated until permanent amelioration or change. Natrum mur., Nux vomica and Calcarea, may be called into requisition in case the fore-mentioned reme- dies have not produced the desired effect; they may be used alternately. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, of each in alternation, as directed for Rhus tox. and Sulphur. There is great proneness to resort to external applica- tions in this affection, but such should not be the case, it is always attended with bad results. 10.—Ring-worm of the Scalp. (Pustular Ring-worm.) This affection is sometimes called Porrigo, Scutulata, Tinea capitis, Tinea annularis, Favus confertus. Ring-worm of the scalp is, without doubt, a highly conta- gious disease, communicating itself readily among children who use the same comb, or brush, or even the same towel for any length of time; it is a baffling disease, and often proves serious in its character when it is dried up, or made to disappear from the surface by external appli- cutaneous affections. 359 cations; these should never be used except in connection with a judicious course of internal treatment at the same time, and even then, some remedies employed internally, should constitute the external lotion to be applied. Symptoms.—At the commencement of the affection there are colored irregular circular patches, on which appear numerous small yellowish points or pustules, which do not rise above the level of the skin, and are generally traversed in the centre by a hair; these pus- tules are more thickly studded in the circumference than in the centre of the circular patches, and they soon break and form thin scabs, which frequently unite with the adjacent patches and assume a regular and extensive appearance of a circular shape, though often irregular in this respect. The incrustations become thick and hard by accumu- lation, and are detached from time to time in small pieces, which bear a close resemblance to crumbling mortar. When the scabs are removed the skin underneath appears red and glossy, studded with slightly elevated pimples, in which there is sometimes minute globules of matter; they immediately collect again thicker than before; the areas of the primary patches extend until they become so blended together that the whole head becomes involved. The circular character of the original groups is still manifest on the margin of the larger incrustation, which seems circumscribed by partially formed arcs uniting their extremities together. When these clusters spread, the hair covering them begins to disappear, either broken off or thrown out by the roots, until at length there appears only a belt of hair around the head; it is only when the hair follicles become destroyed that the bald- ness remains permanent. 360 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. Scrofulous children are more liable to the disease, and those of an emaciated habit, flabby or feeble, especially if they are not supplied with proper food or sleeping apartments, and are uncleanly and deprived of good and wholesome exercise in the open air. There are few diseases more stubborn than this affec- tion, even under homoeopathic treatment, but in many cases the disease is rendered more stubborn from maltreat- ment, and also in some cases the disease becomes obsti- nate from culpable neglect. Treatment.—This, to be successful, must be from the administration of internal remedies mainly; in some cases the same remedy administered internally may be applied externally. The remedies found the most serviceable are Arsenicum, Hepar sulphur, Dulcamara, Bryonia, Rhus tox. and Staphysagria. Arsenicum is indicated when the discharge is thin and acrimonious and productive of an extension of disease, or of formation of ulcers^ it is useful after some of the other remedies have been used without success. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every night and morning for three days, then wait three, and recur again to the remedy, and pursue the same course ; at the expiration of which, if the patient is no better, proceed with some other remedy. Hepar sulphur may be employed when the eruption is not confined to the head, but appears on the face and forehead, and the eyes and lids become inflamed and weakened, and soreness or ulceration breaks out on or behind the ears. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every morning and evening for three days; if there is no change on the side of improvement by this time, after waiting two days, proceed with the use of Rhus tox. Dulcamara is more particularly indicated when the CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS. 361 glands of the throat are implicated, become inflamed and tender. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful three times a day, for three days, and then discon- tinue for the same length of time, and then, if there is no perceptible change for the better, proceed again with the remedy a second course, and still if there is no amelioration, proceed with the use of Bryonia. Bryonia. This remedy may be employed at the on- set, in such cases as call for Dulcamara; three days after the use of the latter remedy, if the glands of the neck are inflamed and tender, this remedy may be proceeded with. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours until amelioration or change. If, however, after the use of Bryonia for four days, the predominant symptoms should remain the same, after the immediate indications for the use of Bryonia have been subdued, proceed with the use of Staphysagria. Staphysagria should be administered, two days after the last dose of the preceding remedy if there is an offensive discharge, breaking out, attended with very violent itching without much redness. DOSE.—In all respects as directed for Bryonia. But if such symptoms should be manifest as call for any of the other remedies, proceed with the use of such as are indicated. Rhus tox. will, for the most part, be found most use- ful, while the patches exhibit an irritable and inflamma- tory aspect. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful morning aad evening ; at the same time, the solution may be applied externally. Sulphur should be administered, if the eruption presents a dry, scaly appearance, that exfoliates and forms anew. DOSE.__One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given every morning for a week; then discontinue for a week, and then if there is not a permanent amelioration or change, pursue the same course again ; but if there should be a change of symptoms, calling for either of the other remedies named, proceed with the use of the remedy indicated, 32 362 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. Diet and Regimen.—When adults are suffering from this affection, or other cutaneous diseases, they should avoid the use of salt meat, mackerel, or other kinds of fish. Children should be restricted, so as to avoid their taking heating, farinaceous food. Regular attention should be paid to cleanliness, and the hair should be removed at an early period of the disease. 11.—Ulcers. (Ulcera.) By an ulcer is understood, a sore of some continuance, which may result from a bruise, burn, or abscess. It may arise from gross or otherwise unwholesome living, —from a bad habit of body, in connection with seden- tary habits. When an ulcer arises from this source, its formation is preceded by pain, heat, redness, and swelling of the part. Very frequently small pustules appear, which on bursting, expose gaps or breaches in the skin. Sometimes there is at the commencement, only a single excavation; at others, there are several contigu- ous, ulcerated spots, which become blended together and form an ulcer of considerable size. When an ulcer does not heal, it always presents an excavation or hollow, the margins of which are red, sharp, sometimes thick, rounded, prominent, or callous, and often jagged and irregular, while on the other sur- face, it is usually covered with, and discharges a thin, watery humor or sanies, frequently tinged with blood, and sometimes so acrid, as to produce inflammatory excori- ation of the skin. When ulceration is taking place, the adjacent skin becomes inflamed and painful; but when it evinces a tendency to heal, this inflammation disap- pears, and healthy granulations exhibit the appearance of minute cones of a pointed shape, of a firm consist- ence, and a florid color. CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS. 363 The matter secreted is altered to a bland, thick, and whitish or cream-like fluid, which is denominated "healthy pus," and does not adhere to the granulated surface. These granulations do not rise higher than the surrounding skin, and generally when they have risen to a level with it, those at the edges of the sore become covered with a smooth skin, which at first is semi-trans- parent, but soon changes to opaque when thoroughly converted into new skin. Treatment. — The principal remedies used in the treatment of ulcers in general, are Arsenicum, Carbo veg., Lachesis, Lycopodium, Mercurius viv., Silicea, Sul- phur, Sepia and Nitric acid. Arsenicum is indicated when the ulcer looks bloody, and bleeds at the slightest touch, presenting a livid appearance, and instead of healthy pus, secretes an acrid discharge, mixed with blood; the margin at the same time is hard and irregular, and the patient com- plains of much pain of a burning character. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful night and morning, for one week, then discontinue for the same length of time, and then repeat again. Continue this course until amelioration or change. Carbo veg. is very useful for similar cases, and is a valuable remedy to use in alternation with Arsenicum, especially when the discharge from the ulcer is verv offensive, and the burning pains become more aggra- vated towards evening, and at night, when the ulcer rapidly extends, or is surrounded by numerous pustules, and when there is much swelling and discoloration of the surrounding parts; and if situate on the leg, the ulcer presents a dark blue or purple appearance, and mottled. DOSE.—As directed for Arsenicum, whether used by itself, or as a suc- ceeding remedy, or in alternation, until amelioration or change. 364 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. Lachesis is one of the best remedies when the ulcer is large or seems inclined to spread rapidly, or when surrounded by many small ulcerations or pustules, or much swelling and discoloration of the surrounding parts, and the leg, if implicated, presenting the same appearance as described under Carbo veg. DOSE.—In all respects as directed for Arsenicum. Lycopodium is indicated when the pus is of the color of a citron and the edges of the ulcer are callous or inverted, and an itching almost unendurable; sometimes attended with burning pain at night, in bed. The remedy is also very serviceable in superficial chronic ulcers. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful night and morning, for a week. Then discontinue for a week, after which recourse may be had to the same remedy again, and so on until there is permanent amelioration or change. Mercurius viv. is indicated when the ulcer is deep, and secretes a thin and offensive discharge. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful night and morning, or if used in alternation with any of the other remedies, give Mercurius in the morning, and the other remedy in the evening, observing that both remedies are to be prepared for admin- istration in the same way. Silicea is indicated when the secretion is thick and discolored, and also when the discharge consists of a thin, acrid and offensive sanies, or matter mixed with blood, and particularly in sores with imperfect granula- tions. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or four globules, in a tablespoonful of water, and give every morning fasting, for a week, then discontinue for the same length of time, and then if there is no improvement, proceed with another remedy. Sulphur is one of the chief remedies in almost all ulcers of long standing, and of itself proves salutary in effecting a cure in many chronic cases. It is particularly indicated when there is excessive itching, burning or cutaneous affections. 365 gnawing; and smarting pains are experienced in the ulcer, which is prone to bleed when dressed, presents no distinct granulations, secretes a fetid sanies, or thick, yellow, unhealthy pus, and has its margins elevated and surrounded by groups of pimples, which increase the irritation of the sore; also when there is a dropsical condition of the legs. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a spoonful every twenty-four hours, for three days, then wait a week and repeat, provided there has not been a positive change for the better, in which case it would be better not to give medicine, so long as con- valescence seems to be going on. This remedy may be used in alternation with Mercurius, giving three doses of the former one week, and three of the latter the next, twenty-four hours between each dose. Sepia and Nitric acid.—One or both of these reme- dies may sometimes be indicated in alternation with Silicea, in very intractable cases. DOSE.—After Silicea has been given, according to directions, dissolve one drop, or six globules, of Sepia, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every twenty-four hours, for three days, and afterwards, if necessary, Nitric acid, observing not to commence with the last-mentioned remedy until three days have elapsed, after the last dose of either of the former remedies. General treatment.—Any ulcer, highly inflamed and painful, may be soothed by saturating soft linen in warm water, and applying it to the sore. When the ulcer is on the leg, the limb should be kept at rest, and not even in a depending position. The application of lint dipped in cold water, kept perpetually wet with the same, is a very useful form of dressing, and frequently more effectual than when wet in warm water, more especially when the ulcer presents sharp, jagged edges, with no distinct formation of granu- lations, but exhibits a surface consisting of a whitish spongy substance, covered with a thin discharge of acrid matter, and bleeds from the slightest disturbance. 32* 366 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. The application of a moderately tight bandage, will prove of service, when the granulations are sufficiently developed, provided it be properly applied, and particu- larly when they exhibit a pale color, often large and flabby, with a smooth and glossy surface, the edges of the surrounding skin, being at the same time thick, rounded and prominent; thin and watery pus, mixed with flakes of coagulating lymph, which adheres closely; trifling pain, and the sore by no means sensitive. External application of the same remedies, used for internal administration, may be found of great service in promoting healthy granulation and cicatrization; but in other cases it will be found sufficient to keep the bandage wet with cold water, giving, however, at the same time, the appropriate internal remedy. When only external applications are made, to effect a disappearance of the ulcers, their absence will only be temporary, in a majority of instances, for the sole reason that the inherent taint in the system has not been eradicated. In the treatment of healthy or healing sores, it is better to dress them no oftener than due regard to cleanliness will absolutely require, for it is well to avoid all unnecessary irritations, these will for the most part, retard the healing process, already established; dry lint may be used for the dressing, and change every forty- eight hours, unless the secretion of pus should be so much as to moisten the lint in a shorter period. Varicose Ulcers. These ulcers that arise from varicose veins, are, for the most part, obstinate, and difficult to heal, particularly when it is inconvenient, or impossible for the patient to CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS. 367 keep at rest. Under such circumstances, great advantage may be found from wearing the lace stocking. To effect a cure of this kind of ulcerated leg, the main dependence is upon remedies to be taken internally. Arnica and Pulsatilla.—These two medicines, either singly, or alternately, are of great service in effecting a permanent cure. If administered in an early stage of the disease, and even if the varicose ulcer has existed for a long time, these remedies may be regarded of the first importance. DOSE.—Dissolve, of either, if given singly, one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every night and morning for a week, then discontinue for four days, after which, if neces- sary, the same course may be repeated, and so on, until a change ensues. If the remedies are given in alternation, twelve hours should elapse between them, or perhaps it would be better to give Arnica for two days, and then Pulsatilla for two days, alternately, until amelioration, or change. Lachesis, Sulphur, Silicea, Arsenicum, and Carbo veg., are respectively of considerable service, when there are indications for their use, and particularly if Arnica and Pulsatilla have proved insufficient. One or more of these remedies may be called into requisition in com- pleting the healing process. DOSE.—Lachesis, Arsenicum, or Carbo veg. may be employed in the same way as Arnica and Pulsatilla. Of Sulphur and Silicea, give one drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water every twenty-four hours. Diet and Regimen.—The diet should be nutritious, avoiding all manner of condiments; salt meats; old fish; old cheese, &c; and all stimulating or unhealthy beverages. There are other common affections of the skin, that take the form of rash, not clearly characterised. In all such cases when there is fever, the patient must be careful not to take cold, neither should he keep himself too warm; either state may prove injurious. 368 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, 12.—Hives. (Or Rash in Children.) When hives make their appearance on children, it is better to keep them moderately warm, and give them Chamomilla, twice a day, until the disease disappears; or if the child is sick at its stomach, give Ipecacuanha or Bryonia. (For further particulars see Eruptive Fevers?) DOSE.—Dissolve, of either of the remedies selected, one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. CHAPTER IX. ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, AND THEIR DISEASES. 1.—General Description of the Organs of Respiration, The organs of respiration are the mouth and nose, the throat, the windpipe and its branches, and the lungs, to which might also be added the pleura, diaphragm, and in some sense the ribs, the muscles of the thorax and abdomen. The organs most immediately concerned in respiration are the windpipe, larynx and trachea, its branches, the bronchia, and the lungs, (often called the " lights." Respiration itself is the act of inhaling and expiring, (drawing into the chest, and throwing out from it) the air or atmosphere. All the organs of respiration are to a high degree capable of expansion and contraction, that is they can be stretched out or drawn in, spread out or puckered up, as may be necessary for the performance of their several offices AND THEIR DISEASES. 369 Upon this expansive and contractive power much of their usefulness is dependant. If it be in any way inter- fered with, their usefulness is to that extent diminished. If it be interrupted their usefulness is lost. The use of the act of respiration, the function per- formed by those organs, is to impart life to and take away impurities from the blood. It is supposed to impart life by supplying oxygen, which is one of the constituents of atmospheric air, and to take away impurities by carrying off carbonic acid, which is one of the principal ingredients of all dead or decaying substances. If " life is in the blood," and is conveyed to it by every inspiration of air, if death is in the carbonic acid which is conveyed out at every successive expiration, it will be seen how essential is this function to the con- tinuance of life and health. Upon the perfect expansive and contractive power of the organs of respiration, the life and health of the body is constantly dependant. If these are to any extent interrupted, all the other parts must suffer. If they are lost, the other organs perish. The organs by which so important a function is per- formed would afford an interesting theme for years of study and research, whilst the diseases to which these organs are liable, already form no inconsiderable portion of the science of medicine. When it is remembered that nearly one-third of the whole number of deaths which occur in a community are from diseases connected with the respiratory system, it will be seen how highly important is a more perfect knowledge of the functions and the disorders of that system, to all those who would in any way administer to the relief of the sick. 370 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, In their external appearance the organs immediately concerned in respiration, namely, the windpipe and lungs, might not inaptly be compared to a small tree or shrub, having two large and numerous small branches, densely set with leaves or foliage. The roots of this tree will be found in the throat or larynx, extending upwards around the roots of the tongue and the cavities of the nose and mouth. The trunk is the windpipe. The branches of the windpipe (bronchial tubes,) are the limbs and the substance of the lungs, constitutes the leaves of the tree, rolled up into little cells, {air cells of the lungs,) exceedingly minute, but capable of immense expansion and contraction. These air cells or leaves are surrounded and connected together by a peculiar yielding, elastic and compressible substance, for which I know no other name than parenchyma, which like a net-work encloses each little cell, and connects and encloses the whole together, giving to the lungs their shape or form. From the comparison I have just made, it is easy to form a conception of the location of these organs, or the place they occupy in the body. This tree, it will be perceived, has its roots upward, its trunk and limbs extending downwards into the chest. The wind-pipe or trachea, extends from the throat or larynx, to the upper part of the breast-bone, just below the pit of the throat, where it divides into two large branches,—one passing towards the right, and the other towards the left side. These branches afterwards divide and subdivide continu- ally, until they are lost in the air cells of the lungs, and have received the name of bronchia or bronchial tubes. The lungs, properly speaking, that is, the air cells, connected together by the net-work or parenchyma with AND THEIR DISEASES. 371 which they are always invested, spring out from, and envelope the bronchia, or branches of the windpipe, somewhat like the leaves of a tree from its branches, each small cell being so connected with its parent stem, that the one seems actually to run into and to pervade the substance of the other. The lungs extend from the breast bone, a short dis- tance below the throat pit, towards the right and left 'side, occupying the upper and back parts of the chest, pressing upward towards the shoulders, and when they are full and strong, occupying all the cavities between the bony structures around what are popularly termed the shoulder and collar bones, and so filling up the chest, as to give that peculiar round and plump appearance, which is at once an element of beauty, and an indication of health. Or, to keep up the comparison of the tree, branches of the lungs appear to extend upward and out- ward, towards the windpipe and towards the shoulders, as the branches of a tree, sometimes hang downwards and outwards towards the trunk, and towards the earth, upon which, the branches of a tree are sometimes even found reclining. The lungs extend downward along the spine, to the region of the angle of the shoulder-blades, where they are separated from the liver, by a large and thin muscu- lar sheet called the diaphragm, which extends downwards and forwards, to the lower attachments of the ribs, and to the breast bone. This sheet or membrane, divides the chest into two cavities or apartments, the upper one of which, called by physicians the thorax, is completely filled with the heart and lungs, which consequently press constantly, as it were, upon the diaphragm, as they do also, upon the walls of the thorax, all along the region 372 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, of the ribs in front, (except a portion of the left side, which is occupied by the heart,) and above the shoulder- blades, behind or along the back. It will be perceived tbat the diaphragm, from its pecu- liar location alongside the lungs, may be affected with disease, which will create cough and difficult respiration. These diseases will be considered in their proper place. The lungs, in addition to their own proper tissue and covering, are separated from the walls of the thorax, and from the heart, by an additional covering which is called the pleura, and is the seat of the disease called pleurisy. This covering is divided into two parts,—one for the right, and one for the left lung, forming two large sacks, which investing each lung, have a common union along the spine, from which they are reflected upon the walls of the chest. «md upon the diaphragm. From the intimate connection which exists between all these organs, it will be seen how diseases of the one, will necessarily affect the other, and how necessary is a knowledge of their exact locations, connections, and dependance, each upon the other, to anything like a true and just understanding of the disease or diseases, with which any one of them may be affected. Hence, the more knowledge we give to the world, or to mankind at large, of themselves, and of the delicate structure of their own organism, the more likely they are to apply to some intelligent physician, in every emergency, or for any disease with which they may be affected, whilst igno- rance is the support of mountebanks and quacks. Having taken a hasty glance at the organs of respira- tion from without, or an external view, our next object will be to view them from within. Without, we find organs and tissues, within cavities and tubes. From the AND THEIR DISEASES. 373 cavities of the mouth, nose and throat, if we descend within the wind-pipe, larynx and trachea, we find a tube of considerable size, several inches in length, and about an inch in diameter, though varying according to age, size, or idiosyncrasies of the subject, which ex- tending the whole length of the trachea, and opening into each of the bronchia, stretches through all their divisions and ramifications, to the remotest air cells of the lungs, of which tubes, these air cells themselves seem to be only continuations and expansions. Or to continue the figure of the tree. Our tree, we find, is a hollow tube; all its branches are hollow; every twig is hollow, and contains in itself a tube; all its leaves are cavities; and each part is possessed of an expansive and contractive power, adapting it to its peculiar function, the reception and expulsion of air. Thus far I have considered the organs of respiration in regard to their anatomical relations, and functional use, it remains to consider the various tissues or stractures, of which these organs are composed, with the usefulness, the connections, and dependencies of each; from which we can pass with ease, to a consideration of the various diseases to which they are subject. And first. Of the skins or coverings of the respiratory organs. All the parts of the body are covered with a skin, or membrane. The body itself is covered; all its internal organs are covered, each with its own skin; every muscle has a covering; all the cavities are coated or clothed; every vein, artery, nerve, or other organ, however minute, is enveloped by its own separate sheath, covering, or skin, which serves to protect it from con- tact with external objects, as well as to secrete some 33 374 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, peculiar fluid, adapted to some particular want or neces- sity of th.e organ itself. Passing from the external to the internal parts of the body, if we enter the mouth, we find the external covering or skin of the body is continued within that cavity, but so altered in its nature, as to secrete constantly from its surface, a peculiar fluid, which lubri cates all its parts, gives to the organs contained in the mouth, a soft and pleasant feel, and enables each organ contained therein, to perform its office without unduly infringing upon the repose of any other organ. This skin is continuous through all those tubes, pipes, cells, or other cavities, which open into, and therefore may be said to be exposed in any degree to the influence of the ' atmosphere. It differs from the external skin, or the skin of the body, but little more than different parts of that skin differ from each other. It lines, of course, not only the mouth and nose, but the throat, the larynx, the windpipe, the bronchia, and all the minutest air cells of the lungs. It is usually the first, and from its exposed situation, usually the most liable, to be affected with disease, and its diseases, if duly arested, are most easy of repair. It is the only tissue connected with the organ of respiration, for which it is safe for an uneducated physician or nurse, for any length of time to continue to prescribe, and even in these diseases, if they do not yield promptly to the medicines prescribed, it is better to seek the aid of wisdom and experience. When it lines any internal cavity, tube or cell, it is called mucus mem- brane, mucus coat, &c, and its secretions are termed mucus secretions. Exactly opposed to the mucus coatings, which line the internal parts of the respiratory organs, and are AND THEIR DISEASES. 37& adapted to defend these organs from injury by too close contact with the atmosphere or with any other external objects, is the serous coat, which lines the external parts. This coat completely covers all these organs, wherever they lie along side of, or come into proximity with, any other organs or parts of the body. It is frequently reflected or doubled in, so as to form a kind of medium or middle line between different parts of the same organ, and whenever it is in health, it secretes from its free surface, a slimy, tenacious, oily-feeling substance, called serum. This substance, to any one who examines the system as a machine, appears to lubricate each organ, to render its motion more easy and free, or in Other words to prevent friction. This serous coat, being exceedingly smooth in itself, when it is also lubricated by this healthy secretion from its own surfaces, presents the least possible resistance to the free motion of any and every portion of the organ with which it is connected, and consequently renders it eminently adapted to that constant activity which pervades the lungs, pleura, diaphragm, and other parts of the respiratory aparatus. Between the mucus and serous coatings (or if in any portion the serous coat be wanting, its place is generally supplied by a substance called areola or cellular tissue of a nature very similar to the serous coat) is found the substance or tissue of which the organ itself is composed, which in the organs of respiration is generally either muscular or cartilagenous. This tissue is to the highest degree elastic and compressible in the lungs themselves, whilst in some of the other organs as the windpipe and its branches, the throat and nose, it is more firm, unyield- ing and dense, bearing an affinity to the softer bones, and is called cartilage. 376 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, We thus find in the respiratory organs four distinct varieties of substance, and two entirely different secre- tions, liable to be affected with different forms of disease; and it may be well to remark, that these substances are liable to considerable modification in the different organs where they occur, as are also the diseases to which they are subject. All the parts of every organ are of course supplied with two distinct sets of blood vessels, the arteries and veins, by means of which they are themselves supported and nourished; and with two distinct sets of nerves, by which sensation is produced, and in which, to a con- siderable extent, the power of motion rests. In addition to this, the lungs are pervaded in every part by another distinct set of blood-vessels, the pulmonary arteries and the pulmonary veins, by means of which all the blood of the whole body is conveyed through the lungs, for the purpose of being brought into such proximity with atmospheric air as to become both enlivened and purified. These organs are also subject to the disorders incident to their use or function, and are to be carefully regarded in determining the diseases with which any of the organs of respiration may be affected. 2.—Diseases of the Respiratory Organs. From the description already given of the organs of respiration, it will be inferred that they are liable to a variety of diseases. The mucus membrane, having so close an affinity with the skin, might be expected to be affected with similar diseases to those to which the skin is subject, with such variations and modifications as might arise from the peculiar conditions and functions of each organ. The serous coatings, will, of course, be AND THEIR DISEASES. 377 more exposed to that class of diseases which usually affect serous surfaces, whilst the muscular, vascular, and other tissues, will each one of them be more liable to the diseases usually affecting those tissues in other parts of the body. To prescribe intelligently and well for the diseases of any of these organs, it is therefore necessary to consider, not only the organ which is affected with disease, but the tissue or tissues upon which the disease is located; observing that this is always to be discovered by the symptoms, provided all the symptoms are taken into consideration, and not by any particular theory or theo- ries, which may be involved in such terms as pneumonia, catarrh, cold in the head, cold on the breast, &c, or the more fashionable terms, Bronchitis, Laryngitis, Stomati- tis, &c, terms much more frequently resorted to as a cloak for ignorance, than as a means of expressing any- thing definite or certainly known. These names of diseases, or rather the confidence that has been reposed in them, has been a constant source of injury, both to the profession of medicine and to the public at large. If a case of bronchitis, for instance, has been cured by a given remedy, that remedy has been afterwards lauded and relied on, not only by the public, but too often by the physician, to cure every case which could be called bronchitis, not considering that the bronchia are a series of organs, composed of various tissues, and that an injury, irritation, or a lesion of one of these tissues, might arise from very different sources, and require very different treatment from that which would be requisite for the relief or cure of another. It is not my purpose, in a work designed only for domestic use, to illustrate at length every subject of this 33* 378 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, nature, to which it may appear to be duty to refer. It is as important for the uneducated, non-professional prac- titioner, to know when to stop his ministrations, and why he should go no further, as it is to know how far he may proceed with safety; and I would here caution every practitioner, whether professional or non-professional, educated or uneducated, against attributing his lack of success, to any lack of efficiency in the remedies employed. It is much more probably to be attributed to his ignorance of the nature of the disease he has to combat, and consequently, of the adaptedness of any given remedy or class of remedies, to the specific pur- pose he wishes to accomplish. The intelligent layman who uses this work, will, whenever he finds himself at a loss, repair at once, to the more intelligent, because better educated physician, and the physician himself, if in any case his ministrations fail, will read and re-read the chart which nature has given, viz., the symptoms, in order to discover whether he has indeed, so affiliated his remedies, that he ought to expect a cure. Without this care, all medical practice is little better than empiricism, and the practitioner of medicine, whether professional or otherwise, is only an ignorant charlatan or quack. With it, medicine is exalted to a science, and the practice of the profession to a rank among the most liberal and humanizing arts. 3.—Of Cold in General. It should be borne in mind that diseases of the organs of respiration frequently either originate in or are excited and made to manifest themselves by a cold, a term which is used to designate the effects produced upon the system by sudden changes of temperature, or by too long expo- sure to dampness, wetting the feet, &c. AND THEIR DISEASES. 379 These effects are usually first manifested upon the skin and upon the mucus surface, and produce smart- ings, stingings, burnings, swellings, irritations, or sense of rawness, sneezing, coughs, pimples, vesicular erup- tions, salivation or watery discharge from the mouth and throat; running at the nose, first of a thin watery fluid, second of thick mucus, phlegm, or thick mucus from the mouth, throat and lungs; stoppage of the nose; stoppage of the throat; painfulness of the parts; soreness; sensi- tiveness to touch; oppression and other sufferings. The attentive observer cannot but be struck with the similarity of the effects produced by a cold upon the inter- nal parts, to those effects which are perhaps still more plainly seen upon the external parts, and it is but reason- able to draw from this analogy some reflections upon the treatment most effectual for a common cold. This more commonly commences in the internal sur- face (mucus lining) of the nose, though at times it may appear first on the lips, skin, mouth, throat, or any of the other organs, especially if by any chronic weakness those organs are more subject to irritation than they would be in a healthy state. Hence we shall first treat of cold in the head, and afterwards shall proceed to consider cold on the chest and the other organs of respiration. 4.—Cold in the Head. (Coryza. Catarrh. Catarrh in the Head, &c.) The first symptoms in their natural order, or when uncomplicated with other diseases, are tingling, itching, with a sense Of dryness, and partial, though perhaps slight obstruction of the nose; sneezing; running of a watery secretion; and as the symptoms progress, accu- 380 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, mulation of thick mucus in the nose, more especially in children; entire obstruction of one or both nostrils; hawking, tickling of the throat, coughing, &c. At this stage it may perhaps always be arrested by the use of appropriate remedies and care; but if not arrested, it may ultimately involve the throat, windpipe, lungs and chest. Whilst it is confined to the nose and the external parts, it is but slightly dangerous, and is hardly thought to be of sufficient importance to demand medical treat- ment, which it assuredly is not, if that treatment must involve such a routine of harsh remedies as is usually prescribed by the allopathic school. In this appears the superiority of homoeopathy. It meets disease in its incipient stages no less than in its later developments. It prescribes for its earliest symp- toms, and by an appropriate use of specifics, the use of which it teaches with scientific accuracy, and with the most absolute certainty it cures most safely, most plea- santly, and most surely. Hence in these early manifes- tations of disease, the attentive student of nature need never be mistaken, and a truly homoeopathic prescrip- tion will never disappoint his reasonable expectations. The medicines usually called for in this case, are Aconite, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Chamomilla, Causticum, Euphrasia, Hepar sulph., Lycopodium, Mer- curius viv., Nitric acid, Nux vomica, Phosphorus, Pulsa- tilla., Rhus tox., Sambucus, Silicea and Sulphur. Aconite is indicated for persons of florid complexion, lively character, sanguine temperament, especially if the cold be the result of exposure to a dry north-west wind, and attended with erysipelatous tumefactions of the lips, nose or face; violent sneezing, with pain in the abdomen AND THEIR DISEASES. 381 and left side; coryza, with catarrh; pain in the head; buzzing in the ears, and colic; or with burning and pricking in the throat, especially when swallowing. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water ; give a spoonful every two hours, until amelioration or change. After Aconite, give Phosphorus, Mercurius viv., Belladonna or Hepar sulph. Arsenicum is indicated for persons of leucophlegmatic constitution, with tendency to dropsical complaints, or for those of lymphatic constitutions, with tendency to eruptions, tetter, or bleeding or burning ulcers, especially if the burning pains are in the interior parts, and if the skin be dry, with pricking itchings, and if there be pro- fuse bleeding at the nose, with swelling and dryness of the nostrils; but especially if with the stoppage of the nose there be abundant secretion of thin and corrosive mucus, and burning in the nostrils; sense of debility or prostration; weakness. After Rhus tox., Belladonna, or Nux vomica. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelioration or change, Bryonia.—Temperament dry, meagre, bilious; com- plexion dark, with brown or black hair and eyes; irri- table. If the nose be swollen and painful to the touch, with frequent bleeding; stinging in the forehead; obsti- nate dry coryza; hard mucus drying in scabs; lips swollen and cracked, or dry eruptions, with burnings and smartings; sensation as if the ears were stopped; worse in the evening; and also if the cold extends to the chest, with cough and bursting headache. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every two hours, afterwards give Mercurius viv. or Rhus tox, according to the symptoms. Belladonna.—Pains in the nose, aggravated by touch or by movement; swelling, redness, and burning of the 382 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, nose; nose very cold; smell at times acute, at times diminished, offensive or putrid; coryza of one nostril, or stoppage of the nose, especially with pains in the head, aggravated by movement; or with vertigo, swell- ing of the veins, and pulsations of the arteries. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, in alternation with Aconite, Mercurius, or some other indicated remedy. Chamomilla.—Obstruction of the nose; inflammation or ulceration of the nostrils, with very acute smell; dry- ness of the mouth and tongue; blisters or aphthae (can- ker) in the mouth; putrid smell from the mouth, espe- cially for children. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every two hours, until amelioration or change. Causticum.—Dry, chronic coryza, with eruption on the point of the nose; blowing of blood, or discharge of fetid mucus from the nose; loss of smell; worse in the morning; DOSE—See Hepar. Euphrasia.—Profuse flowing coryza by day, with obstruction of the nose at night; corrosive tears, with redness of the eyes; painful sensibility of the nostrils; confusion in the head. DOSE.—The same as Belladonna, Hepar sulph., Sulphur. Hepar sulphur.—When one nostril is implicated, or with headache, aggravated by slight movement; inflam- matory swelling of the nose, with pain as from a bruise when touched. After Belladonna or Mercurius viv. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six glbbules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours. Lycopodium.—For chronic or acute choryza; entire obstruction of the nostrils, especially at night; respira- AND THEIR DISEASES. 383 tion through the mouth only; dryness of the nose, mouth and tongue, with excessive acuteness of smell; nostrils ulcerated, scabby, obstructed with mucus; con- fusion in the head; burning pain in the forehead, worse at night. After Belladonna or Mercurius viv. DOSE.—One drop, of the dilution, or six globules, dissolved in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, until a change is effected. Mercurius viv.—Dry or flowing coryza, with frequent sneezing; swelling, shivering, redness and itching of the nose; or with discharge of corrosive serum, or fetid, acrid pus; obstinate headache, and pains, even in the bones; swelling of the bones of the nose; scabs in the nose. After Belladonna or Nux vomica. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, until amelioration, or change. Nux vomica.—Coryza, when attended with inflamma- tion ; dry coryza, with heat and heaviness in the forehead, and obstruction of the nose; flowing coryza in the morning; dryness and obstruction at night; insupportable itching, scraping in the nostrils, and burning, with fre- quent sneezings; great acuteness of smell; offensive smell. DOSE.—One drop ofthe dilution, or six globules, to be dissolved in ton spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, until amelioration, or change. Phosphorus.—Nose red and swollen, with dry and hard scabs in the nose; ulcerated nostrils; constant dis- charge of yellow mucus from the nose; acute sense, or entire loss of smell; obstruction of the nose, especially in the morning. After Bryonia or Rhus tox. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, until amelioration or change. Pulsatilla.—Loss of taste and smell; shivering, if relieved in the open air, and worse in a warm room; 384 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, tickling; frequent sneezing; with obstruction and dry coryza, worse in the evening, and heat of room; painful pressure, as if an abscess at the root of the nose; ulcera- tion of the nostril, with discharge of fetid or yellowish pus; and if there be shooting, sharp, drawing pains, extending into the ears and sides of the head, and especially if the pains are changing from place to place. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, until amelioration, or change. Rhus tox.—Swelling and redness of the nose, or around the lips; violent spasmodic sneezings; dryness, with pain, as if the nose were raw; burnings, crawlings, and shootings; painful crawlings in the nose and head; bleeding at the nose, especially at night, or when stooping; all the symptoms being aggravated by rest, especially for persons subject to erysipelas. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every two hours, for twelve hours, after which, give Arsenicum or Mercurius viv. Silicea.—Chronic coryza, with disposition to take cold in the head; gnawing pains high up, or in the bones of the nose; long continued, dry coryza, with loss of smell, or with constant sneezing. DOSE.—Give a spoonful of the dilution, every twelve hours. Graphites or Silicea, for frequently recuring colds. Natrum mur., for cold in the head, with obstruction of the nose every second day. Lachesis, if with much swelling, there be a watery secretion. Sulphur, in many obstinate cases. It will be seen that for all the varieties of affections of the nose and head, called coryza, or cold in the head, homoeopathy has no lack of properly adapted remedies. These remedies should be prescribed with care as well as AND THEIR DISEASES. 385 with confidence, and implicitly relied on. They will seldom disappoint us, whilst they will much more fre- quently surprise us, by the rapidity, the certainty, and the ease, with which they remove the most troublesome symptoms, and prepare the wav for the restoration of health. 5.—Cold on the Chest.—Catarrh.—Catarrh on the Breast. Catarrhal Fever, &c. This disease appears at times to prevail as an epidemic, when its symptoms are in general, more severe, and it has received the name of Influenza, Grippe, or Epidemic Catarrh. It usually commences with similar symptoms to a cold in the head, such as sneezing, stoppage of the nose, &c, to which is added oppression across the breast, tickling in the throat, sense of rawness or burning in the throat, cough, at first dry, afterwards with more or less abundant secretion of mucus; sputa, at first thin and watery, after- wards becoming more thick and opaque; slight febrile symptoms, such as chilliness, difficult breathing, and pain, especially in the head, aggravated by coughing. In severe cases, the cough is violent, occurs in paroxysms, accompanied by severe pain, with sense of soreness or laceration, extending along under the breast- bone, nearly to the stomach pit, or with shooting pains to the back and sides: more oppression and prostration of strength, with fever; at times, the fits of coughing occasion vomiting, or they may be accompanied with pain in any portion of the chest,—even in the lowest portion of the bowels or in the loins. Whilst the disease progresses, the sputa becomes more viscid, ropy and stringy: but as it terminates in health, it assumes a 386 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, yellowish or whitish aspect, is more easily expectorated, and loses its viscid, ropy character. The sputa of a common catarrh, if uncomplicated, will always be suspended in water. When the disease prevails as an epidemic, the above symptoms are generally more severe, accompanied with great prostration of strength, sleepiness, giddiness, aching pressive pains, which seem to pervade the whole system, even to the bones; dry, burning heat of the skin, or offensive sweats, when it receives the name of Influenza, or Grippe. The remedies are Aconite, Arsenicum, Bryonia, Bella- donna, Chamomilla, Camphor, Conium, Causticum, Dul- camara, Hepar sulph., Mercurius viv., Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, and Rhus tox. Aconite is indicated at the commencement of an attack, particularly, if from exposure to severe cold, or to a dry cold wind: and if there be dry, hot skin, or shivering and heat, with thirst, dryness, roughness, exco- riation, or scraping in the throat or chest, with short, dry cough, restless sleep, confused dreams, rapid pulse, pains in the head, abdomen, and left side, with violent sneezing, coryza, and bleeding at the nose. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every two hours, until amelioration or change. After Aconite, Hepar sulph., Mercurius viv.,.or Phosphorus may be indicated. Arsenicum. If there be marked remissions and exacerbations, with great prostration, or sense of weak- ness, and desire to lie down; burning pains, especially in the head, and dryness of the mouth and throat; dry, fatiguing cough, with mucus which clings to the throat so as to be raised with difficulty, worse in the evening or at night, and after drinking; or if the cough be excited AND THEIR DISEASES. 387 by a stifling sensation in the throat, with sense of con- striction in the chest, short breath, anguish and anxiety ; corrosive burning and sanguineous mucus from the nose, or from the mouth and throat, with offensive breath; burning sensations in the mouth, throat or nose; pain in the limbs with shivering. After Aconite, Nux vomica or Rhus tox. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every four hours, until amelioration or change. Belladonna may be indicated, at any period, if the cough be spasmodic, with sore throat, insupportable throbbing headache, as if the head would burst, aggra- vated by talking or movement, by light and exposure to air. It is appropriate after Aconite, or in alternation with or after Hepar sulph. or Mercurius viv., but may be given in alternation with any other remedy, should the symptoms appear to require it. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, dissolved in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every two hours, until ameliora- tion or change. Bryonia will be found useful, if the cough be dry, with tickling in the throat, hoarseness, sensibility or soreness to the touch of the throat and nose, with dis- charge of a watery secretion; or if the cough be cramp- like, suffocating, with tenacious, slimy mucus in the throat; stinging in the sides of the chest; pains in the head as if it would burst; pressure towards the fore- head, or pulsative pains, aggravated by every move- ment; or if the cough appears to proceed from the stomach, or is attended with pain at the stomach pit, or pain in the right or left hypochondria. Bryonia is use- ful at the onset, or after Aconite, and may be followed by Nux vomica or Phosphorus, according as the condi- tion of the patient shall require. 388 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be given every two hours, until amelioration or change. Camphor will be found useful if there be a sense of chilliness or coldness over the body, or if the catarrh be caused or preceded by a chill, with symptoms of approaching fever, as shivering weariness, uneasiness, heaviness, with burning heat in the throat, and tendency to erysipelatous inflammation of the face, and coldness of the skin. DOSE.—Take a drop of the spirits of camphor on sugar every half hour, for two or three hours, then select some other remedies for the re- maining symptoms, Chamomilla is indicated for hoarse, catarrhal cough, and cough resulting from a chill, with sore throat; obstruction of the nose; redness of the skin of the face, mouth or throat, with miliary eruption, or with aphthae in the mouth; pains in the stomach, face, teeth, ears or head, especially in children, with fretfulness, restlessness and anxiety; chilliness from slight causes, or burning heat in one part and chilliness in another; also if the cough be worse at night. DOSE.—One drop ofthe dilution, or six globules, dissolved in ten spoon- fuls of water, may be given every three hours, a spoonful until amelioration or change. After Chamomilla, Mercurius, or Hepar sulph., if indicated. Conium, especially for epidemic catarrh, or influenza, or if the cold be accompanied by fever, with internal heat and thirst; great debility; scrapings or creeping, itching, sensations in the throat, which produce inces- sant cough; impatient of the slightest noise; unrefresh- ing, restless sleep; anxious dreams; obstruction of the nose; buzzing in the ears; and especially if with the cough there be pains in the abdomen or in the side, with rumbling of wind. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, dissolved in ten AND THEIR DISEASES. 389 spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours. After Nux vomica or Arsenicum, Causticum.—If there be obstinate hoarseness, with loss of voice; spasmodic or convulsive cough, worse in the night or towards morning; great sensibility to cold; tightness in the head, with shooting pains, and sensa- tion of a gauze or mist before the eyes; rumbling or buzzing in the ears and head, with obstruction of the nose or ears, especially if there be also an accumulation of mucus in the throat, which can only be expectorated by hawking or gagging; and a sense of excoriation, with stinging pain when swallowing; or a short, dry cough, excited by tickling in the throat, with burning pains in the throat and chest. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, dissolved in six spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be given every four hours, until ameliora- tion or change. After Hepar sulph. or Chamomilla. Dulcamara.—If the sufferings are worse at night, and have been caused by exposure to wet or dampness; in obstinate catarrh, with hoarseness, moist cough, like hooping cough, with reddish colored expectoration; especially if there be sensation of heaviness in the head, with buzzing in the ears, and pains in the limbs aggra- vated by rest, and accompanied by coldness or numb- ness. It is suitable before or after Causticum, or after Hepar sulph. or Mercurius viv. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, may be given in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every two hours, until amelioration or change. Hepar sulph. will be found useful if there be a sen- sation in the throat as if there were a tumor or a plug- in it, with hawking up of mucus, or sense as if there were much mucus in the throat, with ringing and pain in the head as if it were going to burst; also pain with stinging 34* 390 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, and soreness, extending even to the ears, especially if the patient be subject to herpetic or scrofulous affections, or if there be symptoms of tuberculous ulceration, swelling of the glands, and shooting pains, the parts being painful when touched, worse by exposure to cold air and motion. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, may be put in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelio- ration or change. Hepar sulph. is especially useful after Mermirius viv., or it may be alternated with Bryonia, Aconite or Phosphorus, to advantage. Mercurius viv. is indicated for a dry fatiguing shaking cough, excited by a tickling dryness in the throat, impeding speech, worse at night and in bed; or cough with febrile shivering and heat; swelling of the throat; profuse lacry- mation and salivation; running or obstruction of the nose, with sensation of a tumor in the throat, and constant dis- position to swallow; offensive smell from the mouth; bitter or offensive taste; much thirst; pains in the limbs and in the joints, and especially if there be profuse sweat which affords no relief. To persons subject to suffer from cold, affected with swelling of the glands, sore throats or lymphatic abscesses, it may be given in the onset of the disease, either alone or in alternation with Belladonna, and followed by Hepar sulphur, should the symptoms appear to require it. For persons subject to hepatic com- plaints, it is especially efficacious after Bryonia or Chamo- milla, and in persons subject to rheumatism before or after Dulcamara. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, may be dissolved in half a tumbler of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelioration or change. Nux vomica is one of the most prompt and efficacious remedies for a cold, especially if there be constipation or costiveness, or if the patient be subject to hemorrhoids, of a dry and bilious, or of a lymphatic and exhausted AND THEIR DISEASES. 391 constitution, sanguine, or nervous and excitable tempera- ment, and especially for persons addicted to the use of wine, spirits, coffee, or narcotic drugs. It is especially indicated if there be a dry cough in the morning, and occasionally during the day, with little or no cough at night. After a fit of coughing, a small quantity of adhe- sive mucus is with difficulty expectorated; if at every fit of coughing there be bursting headache, sore pain at the stomach pit, or in the abdomen and around the umbilicus, or if there be wandering fever, chills, worse during move- ment, alternating with flashes of heat, pains as from a bruise in the hypochondria and back; nausea or want of appetite; confusion in the head, with giddiness. It is also of great utility for persons subject to chronic gas- tritis, or hepatitis, in which case the cold is likely to be complicated with gastric or hepatic complaints, such as a sense of weight at the stomach pit, tensive feeling across the hypochondria, perhaps with nausea and vomiting. This remedy has an extensive range of action in all dis- eases of this nature, and is generally adapted to the earlier stages of catarrh to subdue the more prominent symp- toms, after which Mercurius viv., Hepar sulph., Arsenicum, Bryonia or Phosphorus may be indicated. It is useful after Aconite or Bryonia, and may occasionally be giver in alternation with or after almost any other remedy should the symptoms manifestly require it. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in half a tumbler o/ water, a spoonful to be given every four hours until amelioration or change It is often useful to give Nux vomica in the after, and some other remedy in the fore part of tbe day. Phosphorus, especially if there be great sensibility t^ cold air, and coryza with, fever, shiverings, and headache, hoarseness, loss of voice; cough, with dryness in the throat, and stingings, with sense of constriction; or with pains 392 organs of respiration, in the stomach and abdomen. The pains in the throat are tensive, and burning, or smarting and stinging, often as if the chest were raw. Also pressure in the throat, and constrictive, pressive sensation in the chest, or with symptoms of congestion of the throat, chest, and lungs; pulse quick and hard; disturbed sleep; tossing about with startings and fright, or with lamentations, and moaning during sleep. Phosphorus may follow Bryonia or Rhus tox. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, may be dissolved in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelio- ration or change. Pulsatilla is considered specific for colds, with cough, worse at night, with evening chills; sneezing; loss of smell and taste; pain in the forehead; with fulness, expectoration, thick, yellowish, or green, tenacious, and bitter, constriction in the throat, with shaking cough, worse at night, and when lying down; and if there be shooting or sharp drawing pains, which change rapidly from place to place; also if the sufferings affect one side only; or are accompanied with leucorrhcea. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop of the dilution, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful of the solution every two hours. Rhus tox. is especially indicated when there is redness of the skin, with tendency to erysipelatous eruptions around the nose and mouth; with burning itching in the throat; sensation of contraction in the throat, with difficulty in swallowing; pressure and shootings; great anxiety, and restlessness, with drawing, pressive sensations, especially at night; crawlings, creep- ings, or shiverings, with thirst. DOSE._One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a spoonful every three hours, until amelioration, or change. In epidemic catarrh, or influenza, the medicines should AND THEIR DISEASES. 393 always be selected according to the foregoing indications, and if promptly and wisely administered, the disease will always be found to yield, much more readily, and certainly, than has ever been seen, under allopathic administration. It will be remembered that cold, coryza, or catarrh, is a usual precursor, if not a producing cause, of nearly all the diseases of the respiratory organs. Its treatment, therefore, will be found to run into, and connect itself to a greater or less extent with the treatment which will be necessary in those diseases. In the natural order of those diseases, the next subject to be considered, is 6.—Cough. (Fussis.) A cough is always a symptom of some other disease. Although it might, at first view, be regarded as a disease in itself, it is, in fact, only an effort of nature to rid itself of a diseased condition, or to throw off accumulations which disease has created. It is nonsense to call it " a forcible and violent expiration without fever." A man can make a great number of such expirations, and not cough. It is only that peculiar effort of nature, which is made for the purpose of expelling from the respiratory organs, offensive matter, which can be denominated a cough. This offensive matter may or may not be already exuded upon the internal surface of the organ. Whether it exists in the form of an exudation, of a congestion, of an eruption, or of a simple irritation, it is still there, and nature gets up an excitement to rid itself of the diseased condition. The result, or rather the manifestation and combination of the results, is cough. Let no physician then, and certainly no homoeopath, ever boast of curing a cough. It is not the cough he 394 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, wishes to cure, but the disease which causes it; and unless he can discover, with at least some degree of certainty, the cause, let him be very 'cautious how he prescribes, for the effect. A cough is always accompanied with fever. This fever may be general or local, severe or slight, per- ceptible in the pulse, skin, &c, or imperceptible. All these circumstances must be carefully noted, and will influence the treatment. Coughs with febrile or inflammatory symptoms, have either been noticed under the article colds, or will be considered each in a separate article, according to the organ or organs implicated in the subsequent pages of this work. It remains to consider a cough where the inflammatory symptoms are so slight as to be nearly imperceptible, or where, after the inflammation appears to have been sub- dued, either by time or by the administration of appro- priate remedies, the cough still remains. This would not improperly be termed a chronic cough. Tussis chronica, or a continued cough, that is, a cough continuing after the other acute symptoms of disease have subsided. In this condition, some one of the following remedies will usually be found appropriate: Aconite, Antimonium crud., Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Chamomilla, Causticum, Carbo veg., Calcarea carb., Dulcamara, Dro- sera, Hepar sulph., Hyoscyamus, Ignatia, Lachesis, Lycopodium, Mercurius viv., Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Rhus tox., Sepia, Silicea, and Sulphur. Aconite, if the patient be of a nervous, sanguineous temperament, and if the cough be attended with con- striction, pressure, or pricking sensations, with sense of AND THEIR DISEASES. 39& numbness or paralysis; cough, short and dry, or convul- sive, hoarse and choking; expectoration white or bloody, or with spitting of blood. Antimonium crud.—Dry cough in the morning, especially if attended with heat and burning in the throat, involuntary and copious discharge of urine, sen- sation of some foreign body in the throat, which cannot be expectorated; great weakness or entire loss of voice. Arsenicum.—Cough, excited by a sensation of dry- ness in the throat, worse in the evening, or attended with heat and burning; periodic, dry cough, or cough with tenacious mucus, difficult to expectorate, and sense of suffocation, especially of old people; bloody expectora- tion, with burning. Belladonna.—Cough, with headache, redness, and heat in the face,—afternoon or evening, and in bed, excited by movement, especially if it be short, dry, and at times convulsive; shootings as if from knives, spas- modic contractions, cuttings in the abdomen, or pain in the nape of the neck, and especially in phthisical per- sons, or tendency to consumption. Bryonia.—Spasmodic, suffocating cough, after eating or after midnight; dry, or with dirty, reddish or yellow- ish expectoration; aching pains in the head, as if it would burst, and with stingings or prickings in the chest and sides; excoriating pain at the stomach-pit, or pains in the region of the liver or spleen; cough, with palpi- tation of the heart; can lie only on the back ; shootings under the left shoulder-blade as far as the heart, aggra- vated by movement. ' Calcarea carb.—Hacking cough, with vertigo or trembling of the limbs, or dry, with violent beatings of the heart and pulsations of the arteries, shootings in the 396 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, head, from without inwards, or bursting, shaking pains, as if the head would fly open, with yellowish, sweetish, or saltish and viscid expectoration. Causticum.—Hacking cough, with tickling in the throat, or as if something like a wedge in the throat, and rattling in the chest, or with abundant secretion of mucus, difficult to expectorate. Carbo veg.—Dry cough, with flushes of heat and sweat, roughness in the throat, pains above the left hip, or painful stitches through the head, or in mucus con- sumption of old people; spasmodic cough, with vomit- ing, especially in the evening; expectoration, if mucus, greenish,—if pus, yellowish or bloody; expectoration with burning. See also Arsenicum. Chamomilla.—Tickling itching in the throat-pit, extending under the sternum; tenacious mucus in the throat; suffocative cough after midnight. Dulcamara.—Cough, with copious secretion of mucus, or with expectoration of bright colored blood; barking, shaking cough, stinging in the chest, anxiety and fulness in the prascordial region. Drosera.—Early morning cough, if the expectoration be bitter and nauseous; or dry, spasmodic cough, with inclination to vomit, or with bleeding from the nose and mouth. Hepar sulph.—Dry, hollow, suffocative cough, with anguish and weeping; or cough with wheezing respi- ration and danger of suffocation when lying down; cough, with weakness of the organs of speech; emacia- tion ; hectic fever and sleeplessness; hoarse, hollow cough. Hyoscyamus.—Cough when lying down; cramp-like cough; dry, shaking cough, with pains in the abdomen; convulsive cough; expectoration greenish or bloody. AND TnEIR DISEASES. 397 Ignatia.—Cough, as if a feather were in the throat, or tickling above the stomach pit; spasmodic dry cough, or with fluent coryza; cough and constriction at the throat pit, and also of the chest. Lachesis. — Fatiguing cough, with tickling in the throat, chest or stomach pit, and dryness of the throat; cough always after sleeping, often when sleeping, or soon after lying down; contractions and constrictions with sense of swelling, or with swelling and tension. Lycopodium.—Cough, dry, night or morning, affect- ing the head, stomach and chest, or with pains through the chest, even to the back; cough of long standing, with obstinate constipation; cough with greenish or bloody, or yellowish-grey expectoration. Mercurius viv.—Dry, fatiguing, shaking cough, with tickling and dryness in the chest, worse when in bed at night, and aggravated by speaking; pains in the head and chest when coughing; catarrhal cough, with diarrhoea, or with watery secretion from the mouth and nose. Nux vomtca.—Nervous, spasmodic or catarrhal cough, worse in the morning, in paroxysms through the early part of the day, attended with entire loss of appetite, and inability to take food in the morning; or cough, with severe headache, or with pain as from a blow or bruise at the pit of the stomach, or with oppression across the chest, and in the upper portion of the abdo- men ; especially for persons subject to constipation or hemorrhoids; or if the cough be accompanied with tickling in the throat, or with itching and sensation of roughness, and followed by stinging pains; expec- toration bloody, or of tenacious mucus. Phosphorus. — Dry cough, with tickling, or with 35 398 ORGANTS OF RESPIRATION, stingings in the throat and chest, and sensation as if the chest were raw ; aggravated by motion and by cold, and with sense of weight, oppression, or constriction and anguish, with lancinating or burning pains; purulent, saltish expectoration, or slimy, bloody mucus, or pure blood. Pulsatilla. — Cough severe, shaking, or nervous, spasmodic and suffocating; or if followed by vomiting, soreness in the abdomen, or with shooting pains in different parts of the body, or pains changing rapidly from place to place; expectoration white and tenacious, or thick and yellowish, or of clotted blood; worse in the evening. Rhus tox.—Cough excited by tickling in the chest, with constriction, anxiety and sense of suffocation, or with, shooting pains in the chest and sides, and sense of exhaustion; expectoration of viscid mucus or bright blood; bitter taste in the mouth; worse on lying down at night, or on waking in the morning. Sepia.—Dry, spasmodic suffocative cough, with nau- sea and bitter vomiting; cough with constipation, or with lancinating pains in the chest and back; expectora- tion yellowish, greenish, pus-like or bloody, putrid or salt; aggravations morning and evening; chronic coughs. Sulphur.—Cough with painful stitches through the chest to the back; weakness in the chest; sensation as if the chest were contracted; spasmodic pains; short- ness of breath, and inability to speak; pain mostly on the left side; expectoration whitish or yellowish, or fetid, and of a salt or sweetish taste; worse when lying down. Silicea.—Chronic cough in persons subject to ulcera- AND THEIR DISEASES. 399 tions, or to unhealthy condition of the skin, or to great nervous debility, and tendency to suffer from chills, especially if there be aggravation of the sufferings at the new and full moon; expectoration of transparent mucus or pus ; aggravations by movement and at night. ADMINISTRATION—Select the remedy with great care, dissolve two drops, or twelve globules, in half a tumblerful of water, give a teaspoonful every four hours, (or if there be recent cold with fever, in addition to the chronic cough, every two hours,) for two days, or until some manifest effect is produced. Then omit all medicine one day. After this, continue the same, or some other carefully selected remedy, at intervals of twelve or twenty-four hours, accordiug to the severity of the symptoms, and the idyosincracies of the patient. In coughs of long standing, and if an amelioration of the symptoms has been produced by one or two weeks' treatment, omit all medicine every alternate week, and the patient will recover with more certainty and safety. Note.—In case any difficulty arises from administering medicine in water, it may be taken, one or two globules at a dose, in a little pure, refined, white sugar; or in the case of infants, or adults, if necessary, the pellets themselves may be carefully placed upon the tongue, taking care that the mouth be free from all noxious or impure substances. Diet.—In cases of cough, as in most other chronic diseases, articles of food should be selected, which are found by experience to agree with the patient. This rule is of the first and highest importance. Next to this is the rule, avoid all narcotic or other stimulants, all opening or relaxing medicines, foods, or drinks; all articles having a strong or pungent taste or smell; all ginger, pepper, spices, nutmegs, cloves, vinegar, strong acids, beers, mineral waters, strong drinks, &c, &c; and all use of loosening drinks, infusions, &c. Use good bread, one day old; sweet, fresh butter, or milk, if it agree; puddings of indian, wheat, rye, or oatmeal; potatoes, turnips, peas, beans, and tomatoes, apples, peaches, strawberries, raspberries, grapes, &c, but avoid plumbs and gooseberries. Use all food well prepared, without any flavor but a 400 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, httle salt, milk, eggs, or sugar, from arrowroot, tapioca, farina, sago, salep, oatmeal, barley, &c. Let the food be taken moderately warm, or cold, but not too hot. Meat should be taken in moderate quan- tities, the lean parts of beef, mutton, poultry, venison, game, &c, and usually but once each day. Regimen.—A light, dry, and airy room, out of the way of the steam or gas from the kitchen, or cook room, should always be selected, with a good chimney draught, and good ventilation. The whole body should be thoroughly sponged with pure, clean water, of a temperature which is found to agree, at least two or three times each week. This sponging should be done rapidly, the skin afterwards dried rapidly, with a towel, and then rubbed with the hand to a glow, after which it should be warmly covered. This may be done either at night, or in the early morning, never during the day. A moderate drink of cold water on retiring at night, and another on rising in the morning, having previously given the mouth a thorough washing in the same, will also be useful. The morning air, frequent, long and deep inspirations during a morning walk, and avoiding night air, all crowded assemblies, and all damp or confined air, will render the cure more easy and certain. Drawing in large quantities of air, into the lungs, and then beating the chest with the hand, or with the doubled fist, will frequently be found useful. If a careful attendance to the foregoing rules, and the administration of remedies, according to the directions given, do not suffice to cure any cough in a few weeks, or at least to materially diminish its severity, it is best to AND THEIR DISEASES. 401 apply to some educated and skilful physician. The case is of too serious a nature, to be treated longer by the aid of books alone, or by the usual routine of domestic practice. Do not, on that account, allow your- self to fall into the devouring jaws of allopathy, nor be led astray by the never-ending recommendations of specifics, whether of domestic, or of patent-right medi- cines. Place yourself at once in the care of some educated homoeopath. If it is possible for life to be preserved, you are the safest in his hands. 7.—Hoarseness. (Raucitas.) This affection is also rather a symptom than a disease, and arises from some irritation or congested condition of the upper portion of the windpipe or throat. It often occurs in the progress of a common cold, or it may also be an accompaniment of several other diseases. When it is an accompaniment of a cold, the cold must first be treated according to the directions given in the article on that subject; if the hoarseness still remain, or recur by itself, the idyosincracies of the patient, and any other complaints to which he may be subject, must be carefully studied, and the remedies selected according to the follow- ing indications: Arsenicum.—If the voice be rough, the hoarseness periodical, the patient restless, uneasy, and especially in persons subject to dropsy or eruptions, with burning pains. Belladonna.—If with the hoarseness there be spas- modic constriction; soreness; sense of a lump in the throat; suffocation; weak, squeaking, nasal voice. Causticum.—Hoarseness from weakness of the mus- cles of the throat, with weak and stifled voice, and if the 35* 402 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, hoarseness be long continued, sense of roughness even when vomiting, worse morning and evening. Cuprum.—Hoarseness with dry cough and fits of suffo- cation, desire to lie down in persons subject to asthma, or for women during the catamenia. Capsicum.—If with dryness, crawling and tickling in the nose, pressure in the throat and ears, worse at night, aggravated by cold. Hepar sulph.—Hoarseness, acute or chronic, with stingings in the throat as if from splinters, extending even to the ears, with dryness and sensation as of a lump in the throat; weakness; great sensibility, especially for persons who have suffered from large doses of mercury. Iodium.—Hoarseness, long continued, insupportable, with crawlings in the throat, swellings, contractive sore pain, especially in tuberculous scrofulous subjects, and if early in the morning;after Mercurius, especially large doses. Kali carb.—If the hoarseness be attended with violent sneezing, or with choking sensations, as if there were a plug in the throat, with loss of voice, especially in persons subject to urinary affections, with dry skin and tendency to take cold, or for women with deficient monthly secre- tion, or with leucorrhcea. Lachesis will prove useful if there be a sensation as if there were something in the throat which could not be detached, with a disposition to swelling, or to bloated- ness of the skin; weak, hollow and nasal voice; suffoca- tive sensations; and for women with deficient catamenia. Mercurius vivus. —Hoarseness, attended with thin coryza; burning, tickling sensations, and disposition to profuse sweatings, especially at night. Pulsatilla may be useful for females, especially if AND THEIR DISEASES. 403 there be suppression of the catamenia, or if there be a thick cream-like leucorrhoea of long standing, or if there be a thick yellowish discharge from the nose Rhus tox., if there be tickling, burning, with sensa- tion as if the chest were raw, or sensation of coldness when drawing in the breath, for persons subject to ery- sipelatous eruptions or to rheumatism. Sulphur, particularly in obstinate cases, voice nearly extinct, roughness, scraping in the throat, and after Rhus tox. or Pulsatilla, especially in cold, damp weather. Silicea, if there be also expectoration of thick pus- like matter from the throat, with prickings, excoriation, oppression, constriction, and paralytic sensations. Stannum.—Painful drawings or dryness and shootings; continued swallowing when speaking; sensation of exco- riation, with weakness even in the chest as if it were empty; voice embarrassed, and low; red tongue and sore throat. There are many other valuable remedies in chronic hoarseness, the indications for some of which have been given under the article colds, catarrh, coryza, &c, among which are Phosphorus, Calc. carb., Carbo veg., Drosera, Nitric acid, Phosphoric acid, Ammonium carb., Aurum mur., Baryta carb., Opium, Sambucus and Zincum; but it is confidently believed the above indications will be amply sufficient for all ordinary cases. For extraordinary ones, always consult a physician. DOSE.—Any one of the above remedies may be administered in water, by dissolving twelve globules, or infusing two drops of the dilution, in half a tumbler of water, and giving a teaspoonful of this dilution every two or four hours, according to the nature of the case and the condition of the patient; if in forty-eight hours there be no improvement, it is better to select another remedy, sometimes two remedies which harmonise may be given in alternation, the one being a vegetable, and the other a mineral remedy. 404 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, 8.—Laryngitis. (Frequently called Sore throat.) Inflammation of the throat, or if chronic, consumption of the throat. That part of the throat which can be easily seen by depressing the tongue and opening the mouth suffici- ently, is called the pharynx. Immediately below and partly in front of the pharynx, can be seen the entrance into what is commonly termed the windpipe. The windpipe is divided into two parts. The lower portion or the windpipe proper, the office of which is to convey air to the lungs, is called the trachea. The upper por- tion and below the pharanx, is called the larynx, and its office, in addition to serving as a channel for the passage of air to the lungs, is to form and modify, or give tone and compass to the voice. Besides the ordi- nary tissues which compose the throat and mouth, the larynx is enclosed by a series of rings, of a firm, tough, unyielding substance, somewhat intermediate between India rubber and bone, called cartilage, which is also continued around the trachea and bronchia, until they enter the lungs. When from any cause the larynx takes on inflammation, it is called laryngitis, which means neither more nor less than inflammation of the larynx, as inflammation of the trachea would be called trachietis, inflammation of the bronchi, bronchitis, &c. All these diseases are frequently spoken of by the uneducated, and sometimes even by physicians, under the general name bronchitis, under which term is fre- quently embraced nearly all the chronic diseases of the respiratory organs. At the upper part or entrance of the larynx, is a circular flap-like rim, forming, as it were, a hem or edging to the larynx, and connecting it with, or sepa- AND THEIR DISEASES. 405 rating it from, the pharynx. This rim is called the glottis, and immediately in contiguity with this and above it, is the epiglottis. All these parts or organs, viz., the pharynx, the larynx, the glottis and epiglottis, the trachea and the bronchia, from their locality, as well as from their similarity of function and structure, might be expected to be subjected to similar forms of disease, and although there may be characteristic differences, which indeed to some extent there are, yet we shall find both the symptoms and the treatment of these diseases contin- ually running into and interlapping one another; and in studying the symptoms of the diseases of any one of these organs, it is of quite as much importance to understand upon what particular tissue or tissues the disease, is seated, and the nature or character of the morbid influence with which it is assailed, as it is to know the name of the disease itself, which is in fact only determining that some particular part of the sys- tem is in a diseased condition. Continuing, however, the nomenclature which custom has established, we shall treat first of laryngitis, second of pharyngitis, third of trachietis and bronchitis, and afterwards proceed to the consideration of the other diseases ofthe respiratory organs in their order. Laryngitis acute, or acute inflammation of the larynx, is characterised by the following symptoms: hoarse- ness ; sense of soreness in the larynx, with a sense of tightness; or voice very hoarse, and sounding as if issuing from some narrow aperture, and at length almost or quite suppressed ; inspiration difficult, tightly sounding or wheezing; sensation of distressing con- striction in the throat, and of inability to breathe, 406 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, accompanied with pain, severe or moderate, especially increased by external pressure, if made in the region of the Adam's apple, and upon the cartilages of the windpipe. If there is a cough attending it, as is usually the case, it may be simply a hoarse, muffled cough, as if to remove some obstruction from the larynx; or it may be spasmodic, paroxysmal and convulsive, dry or with tough, adhesive mucus; paroxysms of great oppression and difficulty of breathing, with spasms of the muscles of the glottis, occasionally occur; sensation of a foreign body or a lump in the throat. If the inflammation extend to the pharynx, there will be diffi- culty in swallowing, which it is supposed may sometimes occur also from motion or pressure upon the larynx while swallowing. It is usually attended with a greater or less degree of fever, and so far as can be seen with redness and swelling of the internal surface of the dis- eased organ. All^ the above symptoms will generally yield readily to the administration of the appropriate remedies. But if in addition to the above symptoms, the sense of con- striction, pressure, soreness and hoarseness, commences with a distinct chill, and if, with a painful, harsh, and whistling or closely sounding, distressing cough, nothing is expectorated, or only a little mucus, viscid and ropy, and if chilliness alternate with flashes of heat, followed by fever, with the pulse full and strong, skin hot, and face flushed, great difficulty of breathing, with prolonged, whistling, wheezing, and sonorous inspirations, whilst the expirations are more easy and free, you have reason to apprehend a case which will need the utmost care to avoid a dangerous crisis. The patient may experience much difficulty in swallow- AND THEIR DISEASES. 407 ing, from the swollen condition of the parts above the larynx, and around the roots of the tongue, and the glottis and epiglottis on examination, may be found of a bright red color and much swollen. % Should the disease continue to progress unchecked, all the above symptoms are aggravated; the voice becomes nearly extinguished; the cough can scarcely be heard, though it is agitating, convulsive, and very painful; the breath is drawn in with the most violent efforts,, with great anxiety, as if about to suffocate; extreme restless- ness, starting up suddenly, walking about the chamber with his hands to his throat, eager for air, anxious, appre- hensive and distressed, unable to sleep from constant effort to get breath; the lips assume a purplish blue color, the face a livid paleness, with a dark circle around the eyes, which are sometimes protruded and watery; the skin is cool, the pulse feeble, irregular, and frequent; the patient appears nearly exhausted, but still makes the most violent efforts for breath: his shoulders rise, his whole chest heaves, his expression is ghastly and staring; perhaps after a cold sweat or delirium, he sinks into a drowsy or comatose state, which is usually followed by death. A patient may die suddenly, from strangula- tion, or gradually, from an insufficient supply of air, or perhaps from the imperfect action of the air upon the blood. When fatal, the disease is generally very rapid. Death has been known to occur in seven hours, and from that to five days, is probably the most common period. The diseases for which it might be mistaken are aneu- rism, or enlargement of one of the large arteries of the neck; croup, which is itself essentially a laryngeal affec- tion, and spasm of the rim of the glottis. If a careful examination does not render the case certain, it is better to consult a physician. 408 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, Treatment.—Nearly all the remedies indicated for a common cold and for hoarseness, will be found more or less useful in this affection. In the early stages, whilst the skin is cool and. the pulse unaffected, a few drops of Camphor on sugar, administered at frequent intervals, about every half hour, for two or three hours, may be sufficient to arrest an attack. Aconite, Hepar sulph. and Spongia, are however, most frequently called for, next to which, perhaps, is "Lachesis: these remedies appearing to correspond to nearly all the symptoms of laryngitis, as they do also to croup, and to nearly all complaints accompanied with choking, hoarseness, and loss of voice. Laurie recommends the early administration of Aconite, to be followed by Spongia, if the voice be shrill, with painful sensibility of the larynx, hoarseness, and loss of voice, and afterwards Hepar sulph., to complete the cure. Or if Aconite do not arrest the febrile symp- toms, or there be burning heat of the skin, give Hepar sulph. first, and Spongia afterwards, to be followed by Lachesis if necessary. The following remedies are believed to be the most reliable: Aconite, Antimonium crud., Arsenic, Belladonna, Cantharis, Hepar sulph., Iodium, Lachesis, Mercurius .cor., Phosphorus, Rhus tox., and Spongia. Aconite should commonly be given in .the early stages of this complaint. It is especially indicated for those severe febrile symptoms, which precede a dangerous attack, or if there be a distinct chill, with heat, or chilliness, alternated with flushes of heat; rapid pulse; sense of numbness or paralysis; tickling in the throat, with constant desire to cough; cough, hoarse croaking, or convulsive, with sense of suffocation or constriction; voice croaking; throat painful; with choking AND THEIR DISEASES. 409 sensations. It will frequently require to be followed by Hepar sulph. Spongia, or some other indicated remedy, so soon as the febrile symptoms yield, or usually in four or six hours, after commencing the treatment. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every half hour. If little change takes place in four hours, give Hepar. If there be improvement, give Spongia. Afterwards, combat the remaining symptoms with the indicated remedy, not forgetting Belladonna and Lachesis. Antimonium crud.—If the loss of voice be attended with great weakness, or with sensation of heat in the throat, and involuntary passing of urine, when coughing or sneezing, and if the symptoms are aggravated by heat; or if there be violent spasms, as if the throat were filled with a plug, or as if something were hanging in the throat which could not be expelled, especially if there be a sensation of something alternately thicker and thinner, extending down the throat; and if there be perceptible swelling at the root of the tongue, and around the windpipe. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, may be dissolved in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every hour, until amelioration, or change. Arsenicum.—If there be a sensation of constriction, and stifling, as if from the vapor of sulphur, extending even to the pit of the stomach, with difficulty of breathing, and choking; and if the pains are burning, the voice trembling, unequal, at one time strong, at another weak, rough and hoarse, with sense of dryness; constrictive and burning pains, with dryness and thirst, drinking little at a time; tongue dry, cracked, and tremb- ling. After Aconite, Belladonna, Lachesis, or Rhus tox. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or sk globules, in ton spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every hour, or every two hours, according to the urgency of the symptoms. 36 410 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, Belladonna.—Hot skin; much thirst, with inability to drink; spasms in the throat, especially when drinking; throat swollen, red, inflamed; painfulness of the throat; danger of suffocation from movement or pressure, as in coughing, speaking, or turning the neck; loss of voice; constriction; spasms; soreness of the larynx, especially to pressure; cough, as if there were something in the throat, or at the stomach pit; pain in the nape of the neck; worse in the evening, or at night, in bed, and aggravated by movement; and especially if the pains extend upward, into the upper part of the throat; with swelling of the tonsils, or ofthe parts around the throat; with constant desire, and inability to swallow. After Aconite, before or after Hepar Sulph., Arsenicum, or Lachesis ; after Belladonna, Mercurius viv. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every half hour, in severe cases, in those less imminent, every two hours. until amelioration, or change. Cantharis. — Burning pain, with contraction, and constriction, or with hoarseness and rattling of thick or stringy mucus, which seems to come up from the chest, and with pain, along the course of the windpipe; cuttings and shootings; weakness of respiration; voice feeble and trembling; especially if there be retention or difficult and painful emission of urine, and if there be severe general or local inflammation. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every hour, until amelioration, or change. Often useful after Aconite. Hepar sulph.—Painfulness and great sensibility in the upper portion of windpipe or in the throat, aggra- vated by speaking, by pressure, by coughing, and even when drawing in the breath; suffocative cough, hoarse and violent, or dry, deep and dull, excited by difficulty AND THEIR DISEASES. 411 of breathing; voice weak and rough, with a feeling of weakness in the chest, and difficulty of speaking; sensa- tion as of a lump in the throat, and rattling of mucus in the throat; worse at night, and if any part of the body be exposed to cold. After Aconite, Belladonna, or Mer- curius; and before or after Spongia and Lachesis. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every hour, (or in extreme cases much oftener, every ten minutes if necessary,) until amelioration or change. When the dangerous symptoms are manifestly abated, give the medicine less fre- quently, every two hours, or every four hours, until complete recovery. This medicine is often useful when Aconite has been given with but little manifest effect. Iodium is useful, if there be copious secretion of mucus in the windpipe, with hawking; dry, morning cough, pains in the chest and fever; cough, with a kind of a whoop, excited by tickling in the chest; hoarseness, sensation of crawling and inflammation of the windpipe and throat, especially with tendency to ulceration. (See Chronic Laryngitis.) DOSE.—Two drops of the dilution, or twelve globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every two hours, until amelioration or change. Lachesis.—Extreme sensibility to the slightest pres- sure, either on the windpipe or on the parts of the neck around; danger of suffocation, even on stretching back the head; hoarseness, contraction, and constriction, with dryness, and with burning pains; sensation of a ball in the throat, or of some foreign body which prevents speech; choking sensations in the windpipe and chest, or with feeling of a weight or of fulness in the chest and throat; sensations, as if swollen, or actual swelling of the throat, or of the adjacent parts; large and small tumors in the throat; pains, burning or excoriating, violent and pressive, intermittent, with rapid failure of strength, pallid face, cold sweat, difficulty of breathing, 412 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, and danger of suffocation; constant tickling in the throat, with dryness, or with dry, short, suffocative cough, or with expectoration of tenacious mucus, or of water from the mouth; inflammatory, erysipelatous, or dropsical swellings of the throat; loss of voice, or voice indistinct, and as if speaking through the nose; mouth and tongue dry, or filled with a watery saliva, and swol- len ; tongue red, cracked, dry and stiff, with sensation of paralysis, or swollen and brownish or blackish ; redness of the mouth and throat. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every hour, in desperate cases much oftener, until amelioration or change. After Belladonna or Hepar sulph., give Lachesis, or it may be useful after Rhus tox., Arsenicum, Spongia, &c. Mercurius viv. is useful in acute laryngitis, more especially when the inflammation of the larynx is com- plicated with inflammation of the pharynx and the struc- tures contiguous to the mouth, as the tonsils, palate, and the glands about the throat and mouth, and especially for persons subject to ulcerations and swellings, such as quinsy, sore throat; it may be given either alone, or in alternation with, or before or after Belladonna, when that remedy appears to be indicated, and will exert a great influence in preventing future attacks of diseases of this nature. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, until amelioration or change. Phosphorus.—If there be smarting, stinging, and burning, with constrictive pains; prolonged hoarseness, with partial or entire loss of voice, or very painful sensi- bility of the windpipe or larynx, which does not permit one to speak; dryness and pressure in the throat, dry tongue, white, or coated blackish or brown, or accumu- AND THEIR DISEASES. 413 * lation of saliva, or viscous mucus in the mouth, with hawking up of mucus, especially in the morning. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours until amelioration or change. Rhus tox. for persons subject to erysipelatous affec- tions, and to rheumatism; aggravated by changes of weather, when at rest, or during attempts to sleep, or after sleeping; difficulty, pain, pressure, and shootings, when swallowing, especially solid food; coldness in the throat when drawing in the breath, with hot breath; constriction in the throat-pit, with hoarseness and rough- ness, and sensation as if the chest were raw. DOSE._ One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every two hours, until amelioration or change. Arsenicum, may be given after Rhus tox. Spongia is generally considered a reliable remedy in the most dangerous forms of acute or chronic laryngitis, if with hoarseness, dryness and burning in the throat, and painfulness in the larynx on touching it or turning the head, there be a dry hollow barking or whistling cough, with burning pains extending the whole length of the windpipe, and spasmodic constriction or burning sensations in the whole chest, or sensations of heat as if the blood were mounting upwards; or if there be a sen- sation of obstruction in the throat, with wheezing respira- tion, and rattling of mucus in the chest, with weakness; difficulty of respiration and anguish. It appears espe- cially adapted to that form of inflammation of the larynx which resembles croup, and where every thing seems to tend upward towards the throat. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in half a tumblerful of water, a spoonful to be given every half hour, until amelioration or change. 36* 414 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, 9.—Croup. (Cynanche Laryngitis. Cynauche Trachietis.) Another form of acute laryngitis, which from its dan« gerous character, is deserving of the most careful and serious attention is croup. . This is usually a disease of childhood, consisting of a high degree of inflammation of the windpipe, with spasm probably of the interior muscles, and an exudation on the inner or mucus surface, with a tendency to the for- mation of a tough, stringy, membranaceous or viscid sub- stance, which often adheres closely to the interior surface of the windpipe, and at times appears to cover or nearly to cover the tube for considerable length. After this membrane has been allowed to form, the case becomes extremely dangerous. It sometimes terminates fatally in a few hours, though not usually till the third or fifth day. A predisposition to croup may no doubt be induced by a too highly stimulating diet; the excessive use of candies, mint drops, and aromatic substances, having a smart or biting taste, as pepper, spices, nutmeg, &c.; and this predisposition may no doubt be transmitted from one generation to another, so long as the habit of indulgence continues; all other notions about constitutional taint are simply absurd. What more natural than that a mother, who accustoms herself to the constant use of large quantities of allspice, or of black or cayenne pepper, or cloves, until all the mucus surfaces are burned dry and parched, and compelled to defend themselves against renewed assaults by exuding from their surface an un- natural secretion, with which they cover themselves as with a coat of mail, should transmit to her offspring a disease of those tender and delicate surfaces, upon which the poisons she is accustomed to indulge in are known specifically to act. AND THEIR DISEASES. 415 An attack of croup usually commences with the symp- toms of a common cold; the cough at length becomes shrill or hoarse, with a ringing sound as if the air were passing through a metallic tube; breathing becomes ex- ceedingly difficult, every inspiration of air being accom- panied with a shrill sound, which has by some writers been compared to that made by a chicken when dying with the pip; if there be any expectoration it has a stringy appearance, and is exuded during a fit of cough- ing ; the fever and restlessness are continuous, but may vary in intensity, and the paroxysms are often followed by a profuse clammy sweat, especially of the head and face. So long as the voice is sonorous, there is usually reason to hope; extinction of the sonorous character of the voice is thought to evince the existence of mem- braneous formations; if the pulse is hard, frequent and intermittent; the inspirations difficult and audible; the features livid or purple; the head thrown back; the cough husky; the voice whispering; the eye glassy and dull, or dilated; the danger is imminent, and recovery if not hopeless, is at least extremely doubtful. Should the cough at length become more loose and broken, the paroxysms of coughing shorter, the sounds acquire a mucus character, and mucus be discharged to some extent with the cough, gradually becoming less strong and viscid, we have reason to hope for a favorable termination. The remedies most useful in croup have been already described in treating on the subject of laryngitis, but such is the dangerous character of this disease we shall give it a separate consideration. So far as has yet been ascertained, Aconite, Hepar sulph., Lachesis and Spongia, are here also the most reliable remedies. The other remedies which may 416 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, become useful or necessary in the course of the treat- ment, are Antimonium crud., Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Cantharis, Iodium, Kali carb., Phosphorus, Tart. emetic, Sambucus. Aconite is useful at the outset, to subdue the inflam- matory symptoms, and the nervous spasmodic contrac- tions, and should usually be the first remedy resorted to. It is especially indicated by the following additional symptoms: choking, strangling and suffocating symp- toms, with a short, dry cough, or with constant attempts to cough, as if from uneasy sensation in the throat; con- vulsive, hoarse, croaking cough, with suffocative, con- strictive spasms; hoarse, croaking voice, or tremulous and stammering, hesitating speech. The modifying effects of this remedy upon the nervous system should never be forgotten. DOSE.—Two drops of the dilution, or twelve globules, in twelve spoon- fuls of water, a spoonful to be given every fifteen minutes, in severe cases, until amelioration or change. In cases less severe, every half hour, every hour, or every two hours. After Aconite, give Spongia. or Hepar sulph. Hepar SULPH.—After Aconite, especially if the skin be moist, or covered with sweat; cough and breathing more loose and free, but still a harsh or hollow cough, with hoarseness; constant rattling of mucus in the throat and chest; ineffectual endeavors to raise some- thing from the throat; or, if the fevers continue, with frequent throwing back the head, grasping at the throat; restlessness; hot skin; rapid and difficult breathing; violent suffocative fits of coughing; husky cough, with soreness; cough, with scraping sensations and itching in the throat, at times increased to vomiting; urine when passed, pale and clear, afterwards turbid, or tur- bid when passed, or yellow and dark-colored; worse at night; barking cough; breathing anxious; wheezing, AND THEIR DISEASES. 417 with attacks of suffocation, and manifest inability to breathe deeply. DOSE.—Two drops of the dilution, or twelve globules, in half a tumbler of water, a teaspoonful to be given every two hours, or oftener, in severe cases, until amelioration or change. Lachesis is indicated in croup by a dry, short, suffo- cating and croaking cough, or cough with vomiting; choking cough, or fatiguing, with inability to raise anything; cough after sleeping, or when rising up, or with flow of watery saliva from the mouth, and pains at the pit of the stomach; and if the breathing be short, rattling, croaking or wheezing; spasmodic fits of choking; convulsive spasms; difficulty of swallowing; dread of drinks, especially if there be a general appear- ance of bloatedness, and much tenacious mucus in the throat; neck and throat sore or sensitive to the touch, or swollen; face swollen, purple or pale, even to a frightful extent; lips swollen and discolored; rapid and feeble and sometimes intermittent pulse; cold sweat; coldness of the feet; asphyxia, with stiffness and swell- ing of the body; tremulous pulse, and appearance as if dying, or as if already dead. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every two hours, or oftener, according to the severity of the symptoms, until amelioration or change. Spongia.—Croup is distinguished by rattling of mucus in the lower portions of the windpipe and chest; or if there be expectoration of thick, tenacious mucus with the cough, the skin being moist, and after the more acute inflammation and dry, burning heat have* been mitigated by other remedies, such as Aconite or Hepar, the breathing being still quick, wheezing, anxious and difficult; the cough barking, rough or whistling; the voice husky; or with appearance of fulness; or bloat edness of the chest, throat, face and eyes. 418 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, It would also be indicated, if the child place its hand upon the upper part of the chest, and cry after cough- ing ; or if by any other means it should be ascertained that there are pains or burnings, or sensations as of excoriation in the chest accompanying the cough; and if the windpipe be painful, worse when touched, with constrictive sensations, or with glandular swellings; drowsiness; lassitude; out of humor. The urine depo- sits a greyish white sediment. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every two hours, until amelioration or change, after, or in alternation with Hepar sulph. The above general indications, it is believed will cover nearly all cases of catarrhal, spasmodic, or simple inflammatory croup, where the attack comes on suddenly; and also a large portion of the cases which are truly membranous, and in cases not too far advanced. If the remedies above indicated, be wisely and perseveringly used, a favorable result may be anticipated; and I would here caution physicians, as well as laymen, who may use this work, against too hastily leaving our well-tried, and approved remedies, in difficult and dangerous cases, on account of the perhaps exaggerated specific virtues of some newly discovered remedy, the uses of whichj although it may have done good in some given case, under a certain train of circumstances, or in some particular locality, are too imperfectly understood, to afford us indication for exact scientific prescription, as adapted to other circumstances, and other localities. The following additional remedies may be consulted. Ammonium caust., if the voice be weak; the breathing labored and rattling; the speech interrupted; the cough violent; expectoration copious; with fits of suffocation and spasms. DOSE—As for Belladonna. AND THEIR DISEASES. 419 Arsenicum, in the most desperate cases, and after the use of Lachesis, when the cough occurs in paroxysms, with great anguish, weakness, and prostration; coldness of the extremities; cold sweats; attacks of suffocation; stiffness or trembling ofthe limbs, or ofthe body; worse in the evening and when lying down. Or croup in persons subject to rash-like, eruptive diseases; or erup- tions, with burning itchings; miliary eruptions, and diseases of the skin: scabs, or swellings of the mouth and nose, on taking cold, &c. Belladonna, especially if following a case of scar- latina, in which Belladonna has not been used as a leading remedy; or in a case of spasmodic croup, with choking and constriction; inability to swallow; great soreness of the windpipe; and loss of voice. The cough is dry, short, hollow, and barking, excited by the least movement; with paroxysms of sneezing afterwards; worse at night, or in the evening, in bed. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every half hour, or oftener, if the symptoms appear to demand it. Bromine.—Hoarse, wheezing, fatiguing cough, having the peculiar sound which characterises croup, attended with sneezing; inability to speak, and violent fits of suffocation; mucus, rattling and wheezing; the breathing being at times slow, deep, and suffocative, at other times rapid and superficial; or labored, oppressed, gasping for air; membranous formations in the windpipe, and suffo- cative spasms; heat in the face; urine increased; pulse hard and slow; or accelerated. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every half hour, or oftener, according to the symptoms. Note.—The best practitioners give Bromine when required for croup, in very low dilutions; about one part to one hundred, or one to one thousand, appears most useful. 420 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, Cantharis, if there be oppression for breath, with sensation of excessive weakness in the respiratory organs; rattling of mucus in the chest, with cutting pains; especially where there is painful and difficult urination; scanty emission; or urine of a deep red, or of a pale yellow color. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, usually in alternation with some other remedy. Chamomilla, for catarrhal croup, attended with great restlessness; tossing about; and alternate chilliness and heat; or with redness and burning heat of the cheeks, or of one cheek; excessive nervous excitability, and fretful humor; and if the cough be dry, spasmodic, convulsive, and especially if it be excited by anger or passion. DOSE.—Two drops of the dilution, or twelve globules, dissolved in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every half hour, until ameliora- tion or change. Cuprum, if there be violent suffocative fits, with cramps and contractions, particularly in the chest, and convulsive efforts; and especially if the cough be dry, with great weakness. DOSE—A drop of the dilution, or six globules, to be dissolved in six spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every half hour, until amelio- ration, or change. Kali bichromicum or hydroidicum.—If the attack be slow and insidious, symptoms at first slight, becoming very gradually severe, until the sound of the air in breathing becomes shrill and whistling, even quite low down in the windpipe; cough, not frequent, but dry and hoarse, or metallic; throat red arid swollen, or covered with something resembling false membrane; head thrown back; offensive breath; diminished temperature; pros- tration; stupor. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every half hour, until amelioration or change. AND THEIR DISEASES. 421 Phosphorus may be given in croup if Hepar sulph. and Spongia fail of affording relief, and especially if there be a manifest constrictive oppression across the breast; short and difficult breathing with anguish; cough dry, shaking and convulsive, with loss of voice. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every half hour, until amelioration or change. Sambucus, for catarrhal or true membranous croup, when there is an accumulation of much viscous mucus in the windpipe and throat; the paroxysms of spasmodic suffocating cough are attended with cries, tossing and anguish, and the respiration is quick and wheezing. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every half hour, until amelioration or change. Tartar emetic.—In many obstinate cases, especially if there be symptoms of paralysis of the lungs, great difficulty of breathing, face livid and cold, pulse small and rapid, or feeble and slow, great weakness and anxiety, disposition to sleep ; or if there be an excessive accumulation of mucus in the chest, with paroxysms of suffocative cough, and difficult breathing; especially useful after Phosphorus. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every fifteen minutes, until amelioration or change ; or it may be given every half hour, in alternation with Belladonna or Aconite. There are a large number of other remedies which have proved serviceable in croup. A knowledge of their symptomatic indications may be learned from other sources. It is believed that the above will be found sufficient for a work on domestic practice. 10 A disease so nearly resembling croup, as to have been termed by some Spasmodic Croup, by others, Millar's o- ') I 422 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, Asthma, or Asthma of Millar, is deserving of a sepa- rate notice in this place. It is supposed to consist mainly in a spasmodic con- traction of the top of the windpipe, there being little or no evidence of membranous or even of mucus exudation. The attack commences very suddenly, the breath is drawn in with difficulty, or with a peculiar crowing or ringing noise, the face and extremities become purple, the hands often clenched, the feet and toes drawn up ; the attacks recur frequently at short intervals, whilst the remissions are usually more perfect and complete, than in ordinary or true croup ; little, or no cough, fever, or symptoms of inflammatory disease, though in the efforts for breath, the countenance may be flushed and swollen, with an expression of extreme anxiety and distress. The remedies usually employed are Aconite, Bella- donna, and Sambucus, which may be administered according to the directions already given under the article Croup; or where the above symptoms exist, give first, Belladonna, one drop, or six globules, in six tea- spoonfuls of water, a teaspoonful to be administered every five or ten minutes. If a change do not occur within one hour, and the danger appear imminent, give Sambucus in the same manner as Belladonna for one hour, and then return again to Belladonna, or give Hyoscyamus, six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be administered every ten minutes or oftener, until a change is effected. After Belladonna or Hyos- cyamus, Cuprum, Arsenicum, or Tartar emetic, may be indicated. The patient, in a case of croup, should always be kept of an even temperature, in a room neither too warm nor too cold, and should be kept in the same room day and AND THEIR DISEASES. 423 night; the air of the room should be kept perfectly clear and pure, free from all gases, vinegar, camphor and other fumigations, as well as from all odors, and strong- smelling substances. The diet should be mucilaginous, as oat-meal gruel, barley water, toast water, &c, though in some cases, broths made of the lean portions of beef or mutton, or the dark meat of chicken, from which the skin has been carefully taken, may be allowed. In administering medicines to children, it is not always necessary to give a full spoonful of the medicine. When medicines are administered every five or ten minutes, a few drops of the dilution placed upon the tongue will always proves equally efficacious, and where there is great difficulty in swallowing, and especially if water appear to increase the spasms, a single globule placed upon the tongue at frequent intervals, with occa- sionally a few drops of the dilution, will be found use- ful and satisfactory. Rely implicitly upon the remedies. Never on any occasion resort to fomentations, cataplasms, hot or cold baths, or other old wives' fables, unless specifically called for by some well recognized homoeopathic adapta- tion. Never use warm foot-baths, especially not unless the feet are hot. Let the skin be kept clean and well covered. In severe cases of croup, physicians of the old school have recourse to tracheotomy, or to opening the wind- pipe for the removal of the false membrane, and also to caustic applications of the nitrate of silver, but gene- rally with very indifferent success. Much more rational as well as homoeopathic, we should think, Dr. C. D. and his son Dr. J. Forsyth Meigs, of Philadelphia, recom- mend the use of Alum, which in their hands appears to 424 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, have performed many extraordinary cures, although I am not aware that it has been used in homoeopathic practice. Dr. Rush recommends the free use of Calomel, and as high as three hundred grains are said to have been administered to a child in the short space of twenty-four hours. The usual allopathic treatment is by bleeding, blistering, vomiting, and the administra- tion of Asafoetida and Opium. From such crude and undigested, as well as dangerous and heroic treatment, we turn with pleasure to the simpler and more rational, as well as safer, more efficient, and more successful treatment, which we have indicated above, confident that all persons of truly scientific minds will receive with pleasure the truths which homoeopathy alone had the power to unfold and bring to light. 11.—Consumption of the Throat.—Chronic Inflammation of the Larynx. ( Chronic Laryngitis, &c.) This disease in its most simple form is only a chronic hoarseness, and has been sufficiently enlarged upon under the article Hoarseness. In its higher grades, however, it becomes one of the most serious and obstinate of diseases. It frequently commences with a slight hoarse- ness, a little uneasiness in the throat, and perhaps a slight cough, rather a clearing up of the throat or a hawking than a cough. As it progresses, various unpleasant sensations are felt in the throat, such as burning, tickling, itching, dryness and constriction, and sometimes dull, smarting, or acute pain, though in many fatal cases there is little or no pain. The voice is sometimes hoarse, sometimes squeaking, some- times whispering; the change being more perceptible when speaking loudly, or singing. Cough, if any, AND THEIR DISEASES. 425 usually short and dry at first, and becoming gradually loose, with mucus or purulent expectoration. If ulceration takes place, a pricking sensation is not uncommonly felt in the throat, as if from a sharp, pointed body, especially when speaking, and if the disease be in the upper part of the throat, especially in or near the epiglottis, it becomes exceedingly difficult to swallow, and at times whatever is swallowed returns by the nos- trils ; in other cases there is no difficulty in swallowing; the voice may become hollow, or quite lost, especially if the rim of the glottis is ulcerated, or the vocal liga- ments are involved; the discharge becomes purulent or bloody and fetid; patches of lymph detached from the membrane are expectorated; portions of cartilage, ossified and calcareous matter, are sometimes discharged; the symptoms are more generally paroxysmal than con- tinuous ; the general health gives way; debility, night sweats, swelling of the Hmbs, emaciation, loss of appetite, and vomiting or diarrhoea, are premonitions often of a fatal termination. In this disease there is usually more or less soreness of the windpipe upon pressure. The breathing of cold air, coughing, sneezing, speaking, laughing and swallow- ing, frequently aggravate or bring on a paroxysm of severe sufferings. The remedies which have been recommended in this disease, are Argentum, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Carbo veg., Calcarea carb., Hepar sulph., Lachesis, Nitric acid, Phosphorus, Sanguinaria, Spongia, Silicea, Sulphur. Belladonna, Lachesis, Sanguinaria and Sulphur will be found adapted generally in the earlier stages. Arseni- cum, Carbo veg., Nitric acid, Phosphorus and Spongia to more advanced forms, and Argentum, Calcarea carb., 37* 426 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, Spongia, Silicea and Sulphur, to the latter stages. As this disease is comparatively of rare occurrence, we shall give but few symptomatic indications. Argentum is adapted to all cases in which there is a marked sensation of rawness in the throat, or in the throat, mouth and chest; or if there be an appearance of an eruption in the throat, with sense as if raw; sensation as if some foreign body were sticking to the front part of the larynx, at a small spot, with a feeling of coldness and pressure; frequent inclination to cough, but no relief obtained by coughing; aggravations in the evening; sore throat of public speakers. DOSE.—Give one drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water ; a spoonful to be taken every four hours, until amelioration or change. Arsenicum is indicated if the tongue be of a dark color, dry or cracked, with dryness or burning in the throat, windpipe and chest; frequent stifling sensations, with constrictions; constant desire for drink which affords little or no relief, perhaps aggravates the dryness in the throat; or, if there be ulcerations with burning pains, fetid, bloody and ichorous, or water-colored discharge; or of mucus having a saltish, pungent and bitterish taste; and if there be emaciation, weakness, periodical attacks, shiverings and heats, night-sweats, swelling of the limbs, especially for persons subject to eruptions, nettle-rash, or ulcers with burning pains. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water; a spoonful to be given every four or six hours, until the symptoms become modified, or some other remedy is indicated. Belladonna, if the voice be weak and squeaking, if the attacks are spasmodic and suffocating, worse at night and in bed; if the least pressure upon the windpipe and throat is attended with choking and suffocation, all the parts being very sensitive to the touch; face pale or AND THEIR DISEASES. 427 flushed; a choking dryness in the mouth; redness of the mouth and tongue, and especially of the throat; or if there be swellings of the glands of the throat and mouth, DOSE — One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water; a spoonful to be given every six hours for two or four days, then omit medicine four days, or give some other remedy according to the symptoms. Calcarea carbonica may be given after Belladonna to persons of scrofulous habits, with tendencies to ulcera- tion, especially if ulceration in the throat - be already established; if the discharge on coughing be thick and yellowish or pus-like, or if blood be mixed with the matter discharged from the throat; especially adapted to persons of a weak, sickly constitution, of a light com- plexion, blond hair and eyes; or to persons of a lym- phatic constitution, with tendencies to corpulency. DOSE.—One drop ofthe dilution, or six globules, to be dissolved in six spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be given night and morning, until some change be observed, after which wait a few days without medicine. Hepar sulphur also after Belladonna, if there be sen- sation in the throat as of a plug or an internal tumor; stinging in the throat as if from splinters; painful sensi- bility of the larynx, with weak rough voice; emaciation; hectic fever and sleeplessness; abundant expectoration of mucus with the cough; or swellings, glandular enlarge- ments, &c, and if ulceration be already established; also for persons of unhealthy skin, subject to tubercles, nettle- rash, or to erysipelas. DOSE.—Give one drop of the dilution, or six globules, dissolved in ten spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be taken every four hours, until ameliora- tion or change. Lachesis, if with a great degree of painful sensibility of the throat there be swellings, burnings and raw sore pains; stiffness and paralysis; soreness affecting only a small spot on the throat, or on the contrary extending 428 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, over the whole throat even to the ears; sensation of a tumor in the throat, or of some foreign body which can not be detached; difficulty of swallowing, with dread of drinks; face pale, earthy or yellowish, with redness of the cheeks, and bloatedness, or wasted and wan; ulcera- tions even on the palate and throat, with fetid discharge; gangrenous ulcerations; pulse weak, frequent, intermit- tent, with cold sweats; after Belladonna, and before or after Arsenicum. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelioration or change. Mercurius viv. or Nitric acid, if the disease be manifestly of syphilitic origin, if there be inflammatory swellings or ulcerations, involving also the glands of the mouth and throat; if there be stinging, stitching, exco- riating, or cutting pains; discharge of foetid pus, or of bloody and corrosive serum; foetid or acid night-sweats, lassitude, emaciation, fever, especially at night; violent thirst, hoarseness, &c. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be taken every four hours, and continued for two weeks, or longer; if there be an aggravation of the symptoms, stop all medicine, or give a much higher dilution of the same remedy; continue the selected remedy, alternately changing the dilution or omitting all medicine, until a cure is effected, which will usually take several months. Nitric acid fre- quently produces aggravations in syphilitic affections, preceding a cure. Phosphorus is useful, if the disease be in consequence of frequent or long neglected catarrhs, or if it be in con- sequence of the suppression of some local disease, as small-pox, itch, measles, scarlatina, &c; or especially, for persons of a weak, irritable constitution, the skin being thin and tender, with disposition to bleed easily from slight causes; cough, with stinging, and painful sensi- bility of the throat, loss of voice, hoarseness, and scrap- AND THEIR DISEASES. 429 ing sensations, as if the parts were raw; cough, dry or moist, or with expectoration of pus, greenish or saltish, or of bloody mucus. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in twelve spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours until amelioration of the most acute symptoms; afterwards, every morning and evening, until a cure is effected. Sanguinaria has proved efficacious after Sulphur, in a case characterised by sensation of swelling, and pain as if the parts were raw, especially during the act of swal- lowing, the expectoration being whitish mucus, of a saltish taste, with hectic fever. Silicea will be found useful, if the cartilages of the throat are involved, and if there be expectoration of pus, or of pus mixed with blood; if the cough be aggravated by cold; pricking in the throat, as if from pins; ulcera- tion of the palate; difficulty in swallowing; frequent sensation as of a hair on the tongue; tongue coated brown, or sore as from excoriation; easy bleeding of the mouth and gums; and especially for persons subject to unhealthy skin, lymphatic tumors and abscesses, obstruc- tion of the glandular system, nervous debility, &c. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every twenty-four hours, for six days; then wait, if possible, without medicine, one week; if improvement set in, give no medicine so long as it continue ; afterwards, repeat the medicine, or give some other remedy, according to the symptoms. Spongia is useful in a large number of cases, in scrofulous subjects with dispositions to swellings; with throbbings, and uneasy fulness and bloatedness of the superior parts, and sensations of torpidity or of paralysis of the inferior parts of the body; the voice is weak, husky, and hoarse, the throat is painful to the touch, with sensation of an obstruction; the pains are burning and pressive, or as if raw, the expectoration yellowish. It is useful after Lachesis. 430 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules in ten spoonfuls of wafer, a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelioration or change. Sulphur may be given in nearly all cases, a few doses at the commencement of the treatment, or it may be called for by peculiar symptoms during the progress of the disease, especially if the system fail to respond to the remedy used, if there be a morbid irritability indicative of some concealed psora. The sensations in the throat are tingling, crawling, tickling, itching, with dryness, or there may be hoarseness, roughness, with discharge of mucus or of pus, foetid or yellowish. DOSE.—When given as a principal remedy, give one drop of the dilu- tion, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every six hours, until amelioration or change. 12.—Pharyngitis. (Inflammation of the Pharynx.) That part of the throat which lies above and behind the larynx, behind the palate and roots of the tongue, and in immediate contiguity with the oesophagus, {of which the lower and back part of the pharynx seems to be only an expansion,) is called the pharynx, being itself a continuation of the same structures as the mouth, wind-" pipe, and throat, and performing similar functions, it will, of course be liable to similar diseases, and to be affected by similar remedies; for it must never be forgotten by those who would prescribe intelligently for the sick, that the nature of a structure, and the function or office performed by any organ, and the kind and degree of exposure to which it may be subject, is of much more importance to the cure, than its locality, or the name of the disease with which it may be affected. Whilst the larynx, trachea, and bronchia, serve only as a channel for the conveyance of air, and the oesophagus, for the conveyance of food and drink, the pharynx is in AND THEIR DISEASES. 431 some sense a double organ, acting in a two-fold capacity, being itself a kind of expansion, both of the larynx and oesophagus. In the classification of diseases, the pharynx has usually been considered as a digestive organ, to which class, perhaps, it no less properly belongs, but as its diseases usually connect themselves with the respiratory function, and as some of its diseases manifest themselves by symptoms peculiar to that function, I have concluded that I should make myself more intelligible, and this work more perfect, by treating the pharynx as a respira- tory rather than as a digestive organ. The pharynx as a respiratory organ, presents a large surface, capable of great expansion, proportionate to the rapidity and power with which we draw in and throw out the breath. As an organ of deglutition, it is a capacious reservoir, bag, or sack, the fibres of which, interlacing and intertwining each other, are capable of such an amount of contraction, as to draw the walls of the organ into the closest possible contiguity, forcing out of the pharynx, and down the oesophagus, whatever sub- stance may have been conveyed thither by the action of the mouth and tongue. Diseases affecting its expanded surface, are made sensible in the act of breathing, those affecting its contractive power, in the act of swallowing. 13.—Simple Inflammation of the throat. Pharangitis simplex is often controlled by a few doses of Aconite, or of Chamomilla. But in other cases, Belladonna, Mercurius viv., Nux vomica, or Sulphur, may be given, according to the directions which follow in the succeeding article, on quinsy sore throat. "When a spasmodic, almost suffocating constriction 432 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, of the gullet takes place," especially manifest in the act of swallowing, "and Belladonna, Mercurius, and Lachesis fail, Calcarea carb. often affords rapid relief."—Laurie. 14.—Common Sore Throat. (Quinsy.) This complaint is usually ushered in by a feeling of dryness; heat, and rawness of the throat; with constant soreness, and pain on swallowing; pain often worst in the morning, or after lying down; on examination, the throat will be found to be of a bright red color, perhaps swollen, and in the advanced stages, small, white patches are seen on its surface. After a time, a thick, ropy mucus is secreted, which excites frequent efforts to clear the throat, the discharge being sometimes mingled with blood. If this secretion of mucus is abundant, the red- ness and pain are usually diminished. If there be a frequent disposition to swallow, or to cough, the palate, (or uvula,) will usually be found to be elongated, which at times even produces vomiting. The whole system . frequently sympathises with this complaint, and chilliness, heat, loss of appetite, rapid pulse, and headache, occur with symptoms not unlike those of scarlet fever. After this disease has become established, it frequently goes on to suppuration; the discharge is at times excessive, and even gangrenous. The disease may involve the whole throat, or it may affect only a small portion; or it may be located in the tonsils, palate, or on any of the glands around the throat; be confined to one tonsil, whilst the other is nearly unaffected; or it may be more general. It is most dangerous when it shows a disposi- tion to travel downward, towards the lungs; and chronic inflammation of the larynx, or of the bronchia; and at times, even a rapid and fatal consumption, has been known to follow an attack of this disease. AND THEIR DISEASES. 433 One attack of this disease always creates or engenders in the system, a predisposition to a second attack, and this predisposition is cumulative, that is, it goes on increasing in proportion to the number and frequency of the attacks; the vital powers fail; the system becomes liable to be disturbed by every change of weather, and other slight causes; and unless arrested by some revulsion of nature, or by the administration of appropriate remedies, if life may hang for a longer or shorter period, it is upon a brittle thread, and . its continuance is embittered by a variety of sufferings, the nature and cause of which, many learned and skilful physicians have failed to discover. The remedies most useful in this complaint are Aco- nite, Arsenicum, Aurum, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Hepar sulph., Lachesis, Mercurius viv., Nitric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus tox., Silicea, and Sulphur. Aconite may be administered at the commencement of the attack, when the pulse is rapid, the chills and heat frequent or continuous, the inflammation in the throat acute, with dryness, and pricking sensations, aggra- vated by speaking. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every two hours, after which give Belladonna or Mercurius viv. Arsenicum is one of the most reliable remedies if the disease assumes a malignant type, or when it prevails as an epidemic, with great prostration of strength, and sinking of the vital powers; nausea and vomiting; inability even to sit upright, without feeling faint; ulcers spread rapidly, take on a livid color, with dis- position to slough; or in more advanced stages, after deep, dark sloughs or ulcerations are already estab 38 434 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, lished, having a livid margin; the teeth and lips being covered with a dark sordes; the tongue cracked and tremulous, parched and blackish; pulse small; eyes dull and glassy; acrid discharge from the nostrils; skin hot and dry; excessive thirst, but drinking little at a time; the patient seems rapidly sinking, and a livid colored rash breaks out in blotches here and there. DOSE.—The same as directed for Mercurius viv. Aurum.—Against a chronic predisposition to malig- nant sore throat; also if it be a syphilitic or a mercurial complication; the pains seeming to extend even to the loins; fetid smell from the mouth, like strong cheese; ulceration of the palate, or of the tonsils, of a bluish color; and even in caries of the bony structures, with piercing pains, and great sensibility to cold. DOSE.—One drop, of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, for several days, or until the symptoms are modified. Belladonna, in the most acute cases; the pain in the throat is raw, sore, pressing, burning and shooting, worse when swallowing, and extending into the ears; or there is a sense of spasmodic constriction and con- traction, with an uncontrollable desire to swallow; thirst, with dread of drink, or complete inability to swallow liquids; throat swollen, bright red, with accumulation of slimy mucus on the throat and tongue; swelling of the glands of the throat and neck; headache, chiefly in the forehead; stupor or delirium. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, dissolved in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every two hours, until amelioration, or change. After Belladonna give Mercurius viv. or Lachesis. Chamomilla should be given if there is great rest- lessness, with partial heats, or with partial shudderings and heats, and inability to swallow, especially hot food; the pains are shooting and burning; the glands of the AND THEIR DISEASES. 435 mouth and throat are swollen, red and inflamed; with excessive inquietude, fretfulness, tossing, groaning and weeping. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelioration, or change. Hepar sulph. is an important remedy in the earlier stages, when there is a sensation of an internal tumor or plug in the throat; stinging as if from splinters extending to the ears; and dryness, loss of appetite, with bitterish taste, and violent thirst; or in the latter stages, after suppuration begins to be established, to hasten it forward, and to promote a clean and free dis- charge, it is an almost invaluable remedy. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours; continue this remedy two or three days, when called for. Lachesis, in cases of great prostration, especially if there is great tumefaction, and swelling of the external, as well as of the internal parts; intermittent and peri- odical sufferings, especially worse after sleeping, and perhaps mitigated while eating. Tumors in the throat, ulcerations, foetid odor, sharp pains when swallowing food; and before or after Arsenicum, with similar symp- toms as are mentioned under that remedy; or after Bella- donna. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be given every two hours, until amelioration or change. Mercurius viv. is also one of the most valuable and important remedies, and in a large majority of cases, will prove its claims to notice. Its symptoms are, stinging pains, especially when swallowing, in the throat and tonsils; inflammatory swelling and redness of all the back part of the mouth and throat; constant desire 4:36 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, with painful inability to swallow; liquids escape through the nostrils; salivation, profuse and foetid; tongue moist and white, or dry and brownish, or blackish. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every two hours, until amelioration or change. Nitric acid, often, and especially if the complaint be syphilitic in its character; the ulcerations are already established, deep, and with stinging pains, as if caused by splinters ; there are reddish-brown or copper-colored spots on the skin; the ulcers bleed easily, and the dis- charge is acrid, and often mixed with bloody serum. DOSE—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every four hours, for two days, afterwards every twelve hours, for two weeks ; then wait a few days without medicine. Pulsatilla, when with swelling, and dark livid red- ness of the throat and tonsils, there are shootings in the throat when not swallowing, extending at times, into the ears; sensations of enlargement or swelling, with raw- ness, scraping, and dryness, without thirst; gastric derangement, nausea, bilious vomiting, shivering, and sometimes when there is excessive accumulation of adhesive mucus in the mouth and throat; adapted to females of a mild and phlegmatic temperament. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelioration or change. Rhus tox. is indicated, if there be fever towards evening, with hot, dry skin; aching, pricking pain when swallowing, lowness of spirits, anxiety, disposition to tears, the pains being low down the throat; and in extreme cases, when there is great muscular weakness, with trembling, sopor, and other typhoid symptoms, it is almost always a reliable remedy. DOSE—Dissolve two drops of the dilution, or twelve globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every twelve hours, four days. Then follow it with some other indicated remedy AND THEIR DISEASES. 437 Silicea, to promote suppuration, and bring forward the ripening abscess and after Hepar sulph., to favor the formation of healthy granulations in the latter stages, is most valuable. DOSE.—Give a teaspoonful from a solution of six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, every twelve hours, for two days. Sulphur, in obstinate cases, when after the discharge of the abscess the ulcer shows no disposition to heal, may be given with advantage, or may be alternated with Hepar sulph. or Silicea, until the healing process is established; it will also be found useful for persons of a psoric constitution, either alone, or in alternation with Rhus tox., Belladonna, or Hepar sulph., or after Mercu- rius viv. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every six hours, until amelioration or change. .» 15.—Chronic Diseases of the Pharynx.—Chronic Sore Throat. Besides the diseases of the throat to which we have already alluded, and which may acquire a constitutional basis in the system, the throat is liable to take on disease from a variety of other causes, which require a separate consideration. The complications which may arise from other acute diseases, as scarlatina, &c, will be treated in the chapters which speak of those diseases, respectively. A form of disease of the pharynx, not uncommon in this country, has been described by Dr. Dunglison, in his treatise on the Practice of Medicine, under the head of Folicular Inflammation of the Pharynx, and by Dr. Popkin, as Tubercles of the Pharynx. It appears on inspection, to consist of small granula- tions in the external or mucus membrane which lines 38* 418 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, the throat, varying in size from the smallest point to that of half a pea, and so thick, that at times, portions of the throat appear to be lined with them. These granulations, especially if they occupy the upper and back part of the pharynx, not unfrequently resemble in appearance, one of the varieties of Acne Rosacse, on the face, the pimples being slightly elevated, of a reddish purple color, and sometimes patches of adherent mucus of a white color, may cover portions of the throat, between each of the granulations. This disease, like Acne, may also exist a long time, without producing much effect upon the general health; or in persons of irritable, scrofulous, or psoric tendencies, it may result in serious and fatal lesions, either of the throat or of other important organs. It is characterised by uneasy sensa- tions in the upper and back part of the throat, with dry- ness, and a disposition to clear the throat by hawking. If it affect also the larynx, there will be huskiness of the voice, and frequent cough, generally without fever, or much change in the general health, but with dryness, and sense as of something adhering to the throat. The disease is thought usually to involve the respiratory, rather than the digestive organs, and to affect persons in middle life,—seldom the very young. It is no evidence of the existence of any other chronic tubercular disease. It appears to bear no httle resemblance to Acne. Occa- sionally, these follicles or tumors break, and discharge a small quantity of tough adhesive matter, and at times ulceration succeeds, the ulcers being surrounded by a livid red inflammation. Treatment.—The remedies most useful in this com- plaint, will be found to be the same as those which are curative of skin diseases and indolent tumors or eruptions. AND THEIR DISEASES. 439 Arsenicum, Antimonium crud., Bryonia, Calcarea carb., Causticum, Graphites, Hepar sulph., Kali carb., Phos- phorus, Rhus tox., Silicea, and Sulphur. Arsenicum.—If there be scraping or burning pains; great sensation of dryness, with dryness of the tongue, which may be brownish or cracked; or if there be gangrenous ulcers, or in persons subject to intermittent fevers, or other intermittent diseases; bitter taste in the mouth and throat; expectoration greyish, greenish, salt ish or bitter. After Rhus tox. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every six hours, until amelioration or change. Antimonium crud.—When there is an accumulation of adherent mucus in the throat, with dryness and scraping; when the tubercles are conoid in shape, and of considerable size; for persons subject to degeneration of the skin, or to callous excrescences; and also if there be inflammation and swelling of the upper portion of the epiglottis; tongue coated white. DOSE.—One drop ofthe dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every six hours, for two days, then give the same remedy every twenty-four hours, for one week, then wait for the result. If better, repeat the remedy every alternate week, until a cure is effected. Bryonia.—Tenacious mucus in the throat, which cannot be expectorated or detached from the throat without effort; sensation of great dryness; sensation as if some hard and pointed substance were in the throat; sensation of dryness and stiffness, particularly behind the palate; tongue dry or dark colored, or wrinkled; shoot- ing sensations, often when turning or moving the throat. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelioration 01 change. Calcarea carb.—If there be excoriating, constrict- ing and shooting pains; the throat being of a deep red 440 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, color, and covered perhaps with blisters; dryness, and burning pains; hawking up of mucus, with rawness; the expectoration having a taste of iron; and if there be also glandular swellings, sore throat, as if from a plug, and sensation as if the food had lodged in the throat. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every six hours, until amelioration or change, or give a dry powder, two globules, every morning, each alternate week, in chronic cases. Useful after Antimonium crud. or Bryonia. Causticum.—If there be soreness, roughness, scraping, stinging or burning pains, with hoarseness; sensation as of small tumors; or sticking as from a splinter in the throat, worse on swallowing; or if there be adherent mucus behind the palate, which can at length be expec- torated by hawking and straining. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, take a spoonful every twelve hours, night and morning, in acute cases every six hours, until a change is effected. Or alternate with Hepar sulph. or Arsenicum. Graphites.—For persons subject to excoriations of the skin, tetters, glandular obstructions, and asthma; and if the sensations in the throat are scraping, roughness and dryness, especially behind the palate, worse in the morning, and relieved by hawking, which causes expec- toration of adherent mucus; or if there be ulcerations with stitches quick and darting; or ulcerative pain with choking, and much mucus; Crumbs frequently lodge in the throat. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every six hours every alternate week, or until some other remedy is demanded. Hepar sulphur.—For symptoms similar to Graphites, especially if there be ulcerations with suet like bases; sensation as of a plug in the throat, with stingings and AND THEIR DISEASES. 441 pressure, extending even to the ears; and difficulty in swallowing. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every four hours, until amelioration or change. Kali carb.—If there be a copious accumulation of saliva, and at the same time a sensation of dryness, with soreness and blisters on the tongue, mouth or throat; or if there be much mucus on the palate and in the throat; skin dry; respiration obstructed, with itching and burnings. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water ; a spoonful every four hours, until amelioration or change. Phosphorus.—If there be dryness, scraping, smarting, burning, and pressure, with hawking up of mucus, espe- cially in the morning; or if the skin of the palate be shrivelled or covered with purulent vesicles; and fre- quently with excoriations, or scabby tetters on the lips or angles of the mouth. DOSE—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be given every twelve hours, night and morning for one week, afterwards give some other remedy, according to the symptoms. Rhus tox.—In the commencement of the treatment, and for persons of erysipelatous tendencies, if there be dryness, burnings, itchings and crawlings in the throat; worse at night in bed and at rest; much mucus in the mouth and throat, with frequent hawking in the morn- ing ; sensation as if something had been torn from the throat. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be given every four hours for,four days; after which, Arsenicum, Graphites, Phosphorus, Silicea or Sulphur may be indicated. Silicea.—Often after Phosphorus, or in the later stages of the treatment in obstinate cases, where there are ten- dencies to induration, no less than to ulceration; the 442 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, pains are crawling, itching, smarting, boring and shoot- ing ; sensation of a hair on the tongue or in the throat; prickings as from pins, and frequently difficulty of swal- lowing as if the parts were paralysed. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be given every twelve hours for four days ; after Silicea, give Rhus tox., or omit all medicine and wait the result. Sulphur, when there are itching burnings, for per- sons of psoric tendencies, and often when other medicines fail to produce their usual effects, may be given to advan- tage ; a dose every successive morning for four mornings, either dry on the tongue or in solution, as most conve- nient; to be afterwards repeated or not, according to the symptoms. 16 —Hooping-cough. This disease is usually epidemic, and is, by many, supposed to be contagious. It is generally confined o children, and persons seldom suffer a second attack. The disease may be very slight, though it is more often distressing, and sometimes fatal. Old school practice, in this disease, no better than old wives' fables, weakened the vital energies, and rendered the little sufferer less able to resist the more acute forms of the malady. Homoeopathy, on the contrary, almost always overcomes the more distressing symptoms, and shortens the duration of the disease, without leaving after it any evil conse- quences, calculated to retard the restoration of health. It is distinguished by a cough, which is spasmodic, and often convulsive, or suffocative, attended, at times, with a peculiar hoop while drawing in the breath, whilst the fits of coughing usually occur while the breath is being thrown outward, from the chest. It is divided into three stages, the febrile, the convul- AND THEIR DISEASES. 443 sive, or the nervous stage, and the stage of conva lescence. The febrile stage is characterised by the symptoms of a severe cold, with cough, and difficulty of breathing. In the second, or nervous stage, as the fever diminishes, the hooping commences; the cough recurs in paroxysms; the face, perhaps swells and becomes livid; mucus or blood may exude from the mouth or nose; the breathing appears interrupted; but after a deep inspiration, the patient usually quickly recovers, and remains during the intervals, almost perfectly well. The third stage, is either the period of convalescence, or of prostration, according as the disease has been successfully or unsuccessfully managed from its com- mencement. Unsuccessful cases are liable to assume a chronic form, when emaciation, debility, and sometimes death ensues. The remedies should be selected for each of the above periods, according to the symptoms attendant upon each, either at their earliest manifestations, or immediately antecedently thereto, and carefully continued, until the disease is found to yield, which will often be in an unex- pectedly short time; and by carefully noting the changes which occur, and adapting the remedies to the remaining symptoms, convalescence will rapidly take place. For the forming, febrile, or catarrhal stage, the remedies most appropriate, are those given in ordinary catarrh from a cold. They are Aconite, Belladonna, Bryonia, Ipecacuanha, Nux vomica, Phosphorus, Pulsa- tilla, Tartar emetic. Aconite.—Dry whistling cough, with fever, and hot dry skin. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or ten globules, in ten spoonfuls of 444 ORGANS OF RESPIRATION, water, give a spoonful every two hours. It should usually be followed with some other remedy, after being continued from twelve to twenty-four hours. Belladonna.—Dry, hollow, barking cough, worse at night; or with sore throat, fever, red flushed face. It is also useful in the more advanced stages, even when the brain appears affected; the child can not endure the light; is impatient of noise, or of movement; headache; more or less delirium; convulsions; and if the paroxysms terminate with sneezing. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every two or four hours, until amelioration, or change. It is often appropriate before or after Cuprum, or after Helleborus or Bryonia. Bryonia is a valuable remedy both in the early and later stages, and is often indicated when there is con- gestion to the head, and symptoms of an inflammatory condition of the lungs; also when Belladonna, and Helleborus were insufficient in the later stages, and for similar symptoms. DOSE.—The same as Belladonna. Ipecacuanha.—Dry cough: with strangulation; great anguish; and when a fresh fit of coughing is excited by the act of breathing, and at almost every breath; coughing fits, with spasmodic stiffness of the body; blueness of the face; anxiety; and with much mucus. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every hour for four hours, afterwards every two or four hours, until some other remedy is indicated. It may often be followed by Nux vomica. Nux vomica should be given either just before or at the commencement of the second stage, the symptoms being similar to Ipecacuanha, and if the paroxysms occur after midnight, or in the morning, and are attended with vomiting. Or it may be given at the earliest stages, if there is acute coryza, with stoppage of the nose; diffi AND THEIR DISEASES. 445 culty of breathing; costiveness, and soreness either of the whole abdomen or of the stomach pit. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelioration or change. Useful after Ipecacuanha, and before or after Belladonna. Phosphorus will be found useful in the inflammatory stage, especially if the child complains of a distressing constriction across the" chest; if the breathing is short, and the thirst great, with debility; and often after Aconite or Bryonia, when they appear to be indicated. DOSE.—As Nux vomica. Pulsatilla.—Loose cough; hoarseness; inclination to vomit; sneezing; weakness of the eyes, with abundant tears; and often with diarrhoea. DOSE.—The same as Ipecacuanha. Tartar emetic.—For symptoms similar to Phosphorus, and especially if there is rattling of mucus in the chest, and retching. This remedy, if given at the commence- ment of the disease, will often diminish its violence, and at times cut it short. DOSE.—Same as Nux vomica. For the second or the nervous stage, additional reme- dies will be found in Carbo veg., Cuprum, Drosera, Opium and Veratrum. Carbo veg.—When the first symptoms of hooping appear, worse in the evening, with sore throat; or after the use of Drosera or Veratrum, to hasten a favorable termination; or if a tendency to vomit still remain in the latter stages. This remedy and Cuprum have se, follow with Lachesis. • Pulsatilla is better adapted to complete apoplexy, than to remove the premonitory symptoms. Its use is 44* " 510 DISEASES OF THE indicated by lethargy; loss of consciousness; the patient lies speechless; bloatedness, and bluish red hue of the face, occurring after a full meal, which has been hurriedly swallowed; or sudden loss of the power of movement; palpitation of the heart; pulse almost entirely suppressed; . snoring respiration. This remedy is best suited to the lymphatic, or phlegmatic temperament. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful (or otherwise three globules, dry,) every half hour, until the pulse improves, and afterwards every two hours, until general amendment or change. If, after three doses of the remedy, the pulse exhibits no improvement, proceed with the use of Ipecacuanha. Ipecacuanha is indicated when the attack has arisen from a full or hurried meal, and may be employed after or in alternation with Pulsatilla. DOSE.—In every respect as directed for Pulsatilla. Opium, in real Apoplexy, when the disease has attained considerable height, is regarded one of the most important remedies to commence with, when the attack has arisen from hard drinking, especially when the fol- lowing symptoms are present: slow, stentorious, or snoring breathing; red and bloated face; heat of the face and head, which are covered with sweat; pupils dilated and insensible to light; stupor; tetanic rigidity of the entire frame, or convulsive movement' and trem- bling in the extremities; foaming at the mouth. In elderly persons this remedy is of primary importance. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful (or three globules, dry, on the tongue,) every fifteen minutes, until the more alarming symptoms disappear, and after- wards every two hours, until prominent amendment or change results. Arnica is indicated ifi. Apoplexy, when it comes on aiter a hearty meal, with loss of consciousness, drowsi- ness or stupor; snoring respiration, moaning or inarticu- NERVOUS SYSTEM. 511 late muttering; involuntary evacuations; paralysis of the extremities, or of the left side; strong and full pulse. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful (or otherwise three globules, dry, upon the tongue,) every twenty minutes. . Belladonna for apoplexy, is indicated when there is deep sleep and loss of consciousness; speechless ; mouth drawn on one side; convulsive movement of the limbs, or muscles of the face; paralysis of the right side; dilated and stationary pupils; face red and bloated. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespsoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful (or otherwise three globules, dry, on the tongue,) every twenty minutes, until there is a change in the more alarming symptoms, of the pulse in particular, and then every two hours, until the patient exhibits signs of returning consciousness. But if the paralysis of the right side remains, repeat the remedy every six hours, until some further signs of improvement. During the attack of apoplexy, the patient ought to be placed in a cool room, with the head raised, or put in such a position as will least favor determi- nation of blood to the head; the clothes ought to be loosened, especially about the neck, and the feet and legs allowed to hang down. It may also be well to apply friction to increase the force of the circulation in the feet and legs. In some cases perhaps it would be well to put the feet in a warm bath, stimulated with mustard. 4.—Acute Inflammation of the Spinal cord and its Membranes. (Myelitis. Meningitis. Spinalis.) The entire length of the spine is liable to inflamma- tion, and it is indicated by pain more or less severe, either in the small of the back, or in the upper portion of the back and neck. The slightest movement aggra- vates the pain, and there is a'marked increase of the sensibility of the skin in various _ parts, as may be 512 DISEASES OF THE inferred from the dread the patient manifests at the slightest touch. There is also sharp pain in the region above the stomach, sometimes spreading over the whole region of the bowels, that becomes augmented on pres- sure ; palpitation of the heart; sensation of constriction and weight in the forepart of the chest, with oppressed respiration; small, quick, hard pulse. If only a part of the cord is affected, the symptoms vary according to the locality of the inflammation. Thus when the inflammation is seated in the cervical portion of the cord, there is squinting, spasm of the pharynx, lock-jaw, loss of voice, spasm or other abnormal con- ditions of the muscles of the neck, chest and superior extremities, with general clonic convulsions. When the dorsal portion is implicated, there is a ten- dency of the body to bend backwards; there is also labored respiration, and sometimes great difficulty in breathing. When the lumbar region is the seat of the inflamma- tion, there is retention of urine, or paralytic or spasmodic affections of the pelvic viscera. It matters not which portion of the spinal cord is implicated, the extremities are either convulsed or para- lysed. When the membranes that invest the cord are the seat of the inflammation, the sensitiveness of the surface is very much augmented, and the spasms more frequently general and of a tonic character. When confined to the cord there is less sensibility, but the .muscles of the extremities are affected with clonic spasms or paralysis, and only those of the back in a tonic state of contraction. When the membranes only are implicated, the bowels NERVOUS SYSTEM. 513 are constipated; when the cord is the seat of inflamma- tion, the bowels are subject to diarrhoea. The symptoms produced from inflammation of the (anterior) front part of the cord, and the (posterior) back part, are essentially different. One abnormally alters the power of motion, and the other of sensibility. Causes.—Exposure to cold, damp atmosphere, and external injuries, appear to form the leading exciting causes of this inflammation. 5.—Chronic Inflammation of the Spinal Cord and its Coverings. This difficulty is generally accompanied with a trivial degree of local pains, and its prominent features chiefly consist, in derangement of the functions of the viscera, deprivation or diminution of the sense of feeling, cramp, palsy, and emaciation. The chronic form is not only more tedious, but more dangerous, than the acute form of the disease. It may terminate when confined to the sub- stance of the cord, in softening, induration, suppuration, gangrene, in effusion of serum, pus, or blood; or when the membranes have been the seat of inflammation in the thickening of their structure. Treatment.—In the treatment of the acute form, Aconite, Belladonna, Bryonia, Hyoscyamus, Stramonium, and Sulphur, are the chief remedies. Aconite is indicated, in all cases where the accom- panying fever is present, and must be given in repeated doses. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop or six globules, in two tablespoon- fuls of water, give a teaspoonful every two hours, until the fever subsides. If, after three doses, the fever is not allayed, discontinue for four hours, and commence again, and so on, until the fever subsides. Belladonna is indicated, when the cervical portion 514 DISEASES OF THE jf the cord is implicated ; if from the delirium there is apprehension of the inflammation extending to the brain. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every hour, until the more violent symptoms of inflammation subside ; (two globules dry, upon the tongue, may be admin- istered in the same way,) after which, give a teaspoonful every four hours, and continue until decided amendment or change. Bryonia is often of service, when there is delirium, anxiety for the future, the mind running on very anxious thoughts, and in a severe despondency; when there is severe dry heat of the whole body, the eyes being glassy, and apparently suffused with tears, are dull and turbid; the face burning and red, and the lips dry, cracked, and swollen; the tongue dry, or when there are convulsive movements in the arms, and painful stiffness of the knees; hot, dark colored, and scanty stools; short, interrupted, and oppressed breathing, with violent pulsation of the heart; this medicine being of service more particularly, when the upper portion of the cord is implicated. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, until a degree of improvement becomes apparent, and subsequently, if yet indicated, every six hours, until decided amendment or change. Hyoscyamus is also required, when the inflammation is high up on the cord, and when there is violent jerking attended with cries; or when there is an unmeaning smile, quick pulse, and swollen turgid veins; redness of the tongue; .spasmodic clenching of the eyelids, with dilated pupils ; or red, immovable and convulsed eyes: difficulty in swallowing drinks; frothy saliva about the mouth; extreme sensitiveness of the stomach to the touch; and involuntary discharge of excrement and urine. The remedy is also indicated, when there is NERVOUS SYSTEM. 515 inflammation of the whole cord, that produces protracted spasms, and also, in cases where inflammation has been caused by external injuries. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in two tablespoon- fuls of water, and a teaspoonful, (or otherwise, three globules dry upon the tongue,) may be given every half hour, until amelioration of the spasmodic symptoms, and otherwise as directed for Belladonna. Stramonium is particularly indicated, when the dorsal or cervical portion of the cord is implicated; when there are violent and frantic fits of delirium, the face being deep red, puffed and bloated, and the expression pecu- liarly vacant; grinding of the teeth, or great distortion of the features; suppression of the urine, and alvine discharges; trembling of the hands and feet, and con- vulsive jerking or spasmodic attacks, affecting the arms in particular, but sometimes also the legs; bending back- wards of the body, in the form of an arch; imperfect articulation, or total loss of speech; eyes sparkling and fixed, pupils dilated, insensible to light, no attention being paid to objects passed before the eyes. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a spoonful, (or otherwise, three globules dry, on the tongue,) every twenty or thirty minutes, until the more urgent symptoms subside, or gene- ral change ensues; and subsequently, if still indicated, give a teaspoonful every three hours, until there is a decided amendment or change. Sulphur very frequently proves of service, either as an intermediate remedy, when some other remedy that appears to be indicated, seems to have little effect, or does not promptly moderate the symptoms; and also, when severe or general exhaustion appears to supervene, after severe attacks of inflammation of the upper or lower portion of the cord, or more particularly, when, notwithstanding the previously directed treatment, gene- ral convulsions take place, attended with clenching of the teeth; or when the patient sinks into complete 516 DISEASES OF THE lethargy ; or when delirium of a low moaning kind, succeeds to more violent frenzy, the eyes half open, the respiration snoring and difficult, and the body motionless and lying upon the back, except as it is slightly shaken by feeble jerkings of the limbs; incoherent attempts to communicate the wants and wishes; extreme sensitive- ness, or entire insensibility of the eyes to light; no motion of the pupils, which are dilated; trembling of the eyelids ; dry and cracked tongue; putrid and frothy evacuations ; involuntary passing of urine. DOSE.__Dissolve one drop, or eight globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful, (or otherwise, two globules, dry upon the tongue.) every twenty or thirty minutes, until a degree of improvement becomes apparent, or there is necessity for returning to one or more of the preceding remedies, if indicated by the symptoms; in which case discontinue the Sulphur, or otherwise continue its use, by giving a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration becomes decidedly manifest, or change. 6.—Palsy. (Paralysis.) Paralysis consists in being deprived of the power of motion, through the agency of-the will. It for the most part comes on suddenly, but in some instances it is preceded by numbness, coldness, paleness, and slight convulsive jerking, or twitching in the parts affected. The treatment must be regulated according to the originating cause. When this difficulty arises from apoplexy, for its treatment see the article apoplexy. Treatment.—The chief remedies employed in the treatment of paralysis, are Arnica, Bryonia, and Sulphur. Arnica.—When the weakness affects the joints gene- rally, or the hip, and knee, in particular. DOSE.—Three globules, in a teaspoonful of water, or one drop in "the same quantity of water, may be given night and morning, for a week, or until change, then pause for six days, and then repeat again, if there is not decided convalescence resulting from the first course ; if from the second course there is not decided improvement, proceed with the use of Sulphur. NERVOUS SYSTEM, 517 Bryonia is decidedly indicated when the paralysis affects the lower limbs, to greater degree than other parts of the body. DOSE.—ln every respect as directed for Arnica, follow with Sulphur, if necessary, as there directed. Rhus tox. is the most preferable if the arms, hands, and fingers, are the chief seat of the paralytic affection, or if both upper and lower extremities are involved in the difficulty. DOSE.—The same as directed for Arnica, and follow with Sulphur, as there directed, if necessary. Sulphur.—In all obstinate and protracted cases of paralysis, Sulphur is of paramount importance, and may be employed as directed, after each of the foregoing medicines, or in alternation with either of them, and particularly after remedies that appear to have been indicated, and yet seem to have had little effect. DOSE.—If this remedy is to be given after one that has previously been indicated, give one drop, or three globules, four days after the last dose of the former remedy, and then for three successive mornings give the same dose, and then discontinue for a whole week, and if necessary after this recur to the use of the remedy first indicated, or continue with the Sulphur, another course, and so on, until amelioration or change. This difficulty has sometimes been relieved, if not cured by electricity or galvanism, but to be of service, it must be moderately applied. There can be no harm in resorting to its use, when frequent painful jerkings take place in the affected parts. 7.—Tetanus. Spasm. This disease is characterised by general spasmodic rigidity of the muscles. There are four varieties noted by pathologists, viz.: Trismus. Lockjau-. Opisthotonos. When the body is bent backwards. A 45 518 DISEASES OF THE common affection that results from the spasmodic con- traction of the muscles, sometimes to such a degree that the back of the head touches the heels. Emprosthotonas, means when the body is bent in an opposite direction, or forwards; this a rare form of the disease. Pleurosthotonas, means when the body is bent one side. This is a still more rare affection or variety. Tetanus in either form is chiefly occasioned by expo- sure to cold, or else by irritation, resulting from some injury done to a tendon or nerve. When it results from cold, it is termed idiopathic tetanus; when from irritation from a local injury, it is termed traumatic tetanus. It is of much more frequent occurrence in warm than cold climates. In this and other climates the amputation of a limb, or the twitching of a nerve by a ligature, are not unfrequently the sources of the disease. When it occurs from an external cause, it sets in about the eighth day, sometimes later; but when it supervenes on exposure to cold, it usually declares itself much earlier. In some cases the attack comes on suddenly and with great vio- lence ; but it more generally comes on by degrees, only a slight stiffness being experienced at first in the back part of the neck, together with an uneasy sensation at the root of the tongue, difficulty of swallowing, and oppressive tightness of the chest, and a pain at the lower extremity of the breast-bone, extending to the back; impeded respiration, pale countenance, small pulse, high colored urine, and constipation of the bowels; a stiffness also takes place in the lower jaw, which after awhile increases so much that the jaws are compressed together so tightly that it is almost impossible to allow the smallest opening between them, and this is wha,t is called lock- NERVOUS SYSTEM. 519 jaw. In some cases the spasmodic contractions extend no farther, in others they return with great frequency and augmented severity, extending to the arms, back, abdominal muscles and lower extremities, so as to bend the body in either the one or the other directions described. Ultimately the tetanus becomes general, the eyes become fixed and immovable, the whole countenance frightfully distorted, and expressive of great anguish; irrregular pulse; severe exhaustion, and a fatal termination of the sufferings generally about the fourth day, if the case be acute, at which time it consists of one concentrated spasm. In some cases the fatal termination is protracted con- siderably beyond the stated period. The spasmodic action does not continue without remis- sion ; sometimes the muscular contractions appear to have some abatement, but are immediately renewed when the patient attempts to drink, speak or moves Treatment.—The remedies for this severe malady are Arnica, Belladonna, Hyoscyamus, Lachesis, &c. Arnica is indicated when the disease has been pro- duced from irritation, arising from local injury, which is by far the most dangerous form of the disease. It should be used internally and externally. DOSE.—For internal use, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, or three pellets dry on the tongue at the same intervals, until manifest improvement or change; but if no apparent benefit be effected in the course of twenty- four hours, pause six hours after the last dose, and proceed with some other remedy. Belladonna is one of the most useful remedies, in this distressing complaint, and particularly for that form brought on by a cold, or in lockjaw. It has also proved useful after Arnica, when the disease has been brought on by local irritation. The indicating symptoms are, 520 DISEASES OF THE sensation of constriction in the throat, with tightness at the chest; grinding of the teeth; spasmodic clenching of the jaws; distortion of the mouth; foaming, inter- rupted swallowing, and a renewal or aggravation of the paroxysms on attempting to drink. DOSE.—Dissolve, one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful, if it is possible to introduce it into the mouth, every four hours, until a degree of relaxation becomes apparent, and afterwards, morning and evening, until some manifest change for the better or worse. The medicine, if more practicable, may be adminis- tered, by putting three globules at a time into the mouth or inside the lips, or if impossible to introduce into the mouth at all, the lips and nostrils may be moistened with the solution. Hyoscyamus is a remedy that may be used in connec- tion with Belladonna, in trismus or lockjaw, and other forms of tetanus. DOSE.—The same as directed for Belladonna, not to be used for four hours after the last dose of Belladonna. Lachesis is indicated, when the muscles of the back are contracted, so as to draw the head backwards towards the heel. Stramonium, Opium, and Rhus tox., are seve- rally remedies to be called in requisition for the treat- ment of the same symptoms. DOSE.—Of either, in all respects as directed for Belladonna or Arnica Mercurius viv., has been called into requisition, as an effectual remedy in trismus, of an. inflammatory character, with swelling of the angle of the lower jaw, and tension of the muscles of the throat and neck from cold. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in four teaspoonfuls of water, and a teaspoonful, (or otherwise, three globules dry, upon the tongue,) may be given every half hour, until a degree of relaxation takes place, and afterwards every two hours, until a change. Note.—When it is absolutely impossible, from the clenching of the jaws, to administer medicine by the mouth, the effect of olfaction or smell- ing must be tried, or the lips must be bathed with the solution, or it may be administered in the form of an enema, a few drops to a half pint of water; in this way, it has been found very efficacious. NERVOUS SYSTEM. 521 8.—Delirium Tremens.—Potatorum. [Mania 6 potu.) This is a disease brought on by persistent inebriation, and consists of an affection of the brain, and is peculiar to drunkards and opium eaters, and very rarely occurs except from these causes, although it is said, excessive bleedings or losses, may bring on an exhaustion that may prove the source of the disease; the intemperate use of ardent spirits, however, either vinous, malt, or distilled liquors, more frequently prove the exciting cause than any thing else. The disease generally comes on in drunkards, during the state of prostration which ensues, when they have in a great measure given up, or been suddenly deprived of their accustomed stimulus. The symptoms of delirium tremens, are extreme irri- tability of temper; weakness of memory, but constant activity of mind; anxiety, and uncontrollable restless- ness, with increased muscular motion. The appetite is generally good, though often impaired from the previous habits, and the tongue is sometimes foul but moist. Soon after these premonitory signs, wakefulness sets in, and not much sleep can be obtained afterwards; and what is obtained, seems unrefreshing and disturbed by frightful dreams, imaginary visions and sounds; fixed ideas then take possession of the patient's mind, such as the supposition that some one is bent on accomplishing his downfall, by depriving him of liberty, or of doing him some other injury, &c; yet he generally dreads being alone; the speech is gene- rally stuttering and inarticulate ; the countenance quick, wild, and exceedingly variable, according to the pre- vailing impression of the mind; the face is generally pale and sallow; the eye rolhng, restless, expressive; the skin damp, or covered with perspiration, and very rarely 45* . 522 DISEASES OF THE above the natural temperature; there is commonly, a tremulous motion of the hands and muscles. As the disease advances, sleep is completely banished; great disposition to talk; constantly occupied; and when the disease is fully developed, delirium supervenes; the pulse soft and compressible, seldom quick. The cor- poreal activity in some respects, corresponds to the restlessness of the mind, and it is difficult to confine the patient to his bed, or keep him in his room. At the same time, exhaustion is liable to come on very rapidly, and the patient is prone to lie down from fatigue. Convulsions sometimes take place, somewhat serious, irat seldom fatal. The disease seems to be entirely confined to the nervous system, and the above symptoms will enable us to discriminate between this disorder and inflammation of the brain, or its meninges. Treatment.—The principal remedies employed, are Aconite, Belladonna, Calcarea, Nux vomica, Opium, Hyosyamus, Lachesis, and Sulphur. Aconite may be employed when there is any indica- tion of fever, or heat in the head, as may Belladonna, when there is, before the delirium sets in, severe pain in the head; when the eyes appear red, and the face flushed. DOSE.—Dissolve of either, one drop, or six globules, in three tabl«- spoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until ameliora- tion or change. Calcarea.—After Sulphur has been employed in cases of long standing; this remedy may be given four days after the last dose of Sulphur, if the patient be of a full habit of body; or if the lymphatic constitution be a characteristic of the patient. Or this remedy may be used after any of the other remedies employed in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. 523 treatment of the disorder, if it be inveterate, and of long standing. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful four days after the last dose of the preceding remedy, and repeat every twelve hours, for two days, then discontinue for two days, and repeat, or recur to the former remedy, if still indicated. Nux vomica is one of the most important remedies in the commencement of the disease, and may be the means of arresting its further progress, when adminis- tered at this period. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a tablespoonful of water, may be given, and repeated in twelve hours, and afterwards every twenty-four hours, (at bed time,) until the premonitory symptoms subside, or there is a change that calls for some other remedy. Opium is indicated when the disease becomes fairly established, and the patient is affected with delirium or convulsions, and we find an aggravated degree of all the symptoms observed at the commencement of the attack. Nux vomica may also be used in connection with Opium, when the digestive function is deranged. The remedies in such a case may be used alternately. DOSE.—Of Opium singly. Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful, and repeat in half an hour, and in one hour repeat again, and then every three hours, until amelioration, or change. Or in alternation with Nux vomica every four hours, until decided amelioration, or change. Hyoscyamus and Lachesis are both useful in the treatment of the disorder, in the stage when the delirium appears. DOSE.—The same as directed for Nux vomica. Sulphur, in some cases of long standing, and of an obstinate and untractable character, may be employed additionally, or in regular rotation with Nux vomica and Opium. DOSE.—The same as directed for Nux vomica. It sometimes happens that Nux vomica or some other 524 DISEASES OF THE remedy is indicated, and when administered according to directions, appears to produce but little effect; under such circumstances, Sulphur or Calcarea may be employed as intermediary remedies; of either, give one drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, twelve hours after the last dose of the remedy that precedes, and then repeat in twelve hours; pause twenty-four hours, and recur to the remedy indicated as before. 9.—Epilepsy.—Fits. {Epilepsia. Morbus sacer.) The characteristics of this disease are convulsions, with loss of consciousness and voluntary motion, and generally by foaming at the mouth. It usually comes on in sudden attacks, or fits; some- times, however, it is preceded by pain in the head; dim- ness of vision; flashes or sparks of fire; (linitus aurium) palpitations; flatulency and languor, or by a peculiar feeling, partaking partly of pain, and partly of a sense of cold, beginning in some remote part of the body, as in the toes, abdomen or fingers, and proceeding gradu- ally upwards towards the heart or head; generally during the fit the muscles of one-half of the body are more severely agitated than those of the other, and those connected with respiration are always more or less implicated; the eyes are frightfully convulsed, and turned in various directions; at length they become fixed, so that the whites of them alone are seen; the fingers are firmly clenched, and the muscles of the jaw are often the seat of spasms, which often lacerate the tongue when it becomes thrust out, immediately before the violent or sudden closing together of the teeth. The mouth is frequently filled with phlegm, which requires considerable force to expel it; it generally becomes frothy by the effort. NERVOUS SYSTEM. 525 The face during the fit is of a livid color, dark-red, or pale, or alternately red and pale, or pale on one side and red on the other; the faeces and urine are sometimes passed involuntarily. On the abatement of the spasms, the patient gradually recovers. Sometimes vomiting will terminate the attack. The memory and judgment are often temporarily impaired for some little time after the fit, and a sensa- tion of languor, or exhaustion, or uncomfortable feel- ing about the head, and weight, are sometimes com- plained of. But few patients die of a fit, yet it sometimes happens that they will occur in succession, or with increasing intensity, until a comatose state ensues, and the patient sinks. Idiocy often is the result of this disease. The disease is curable without much difficulty when it occurs before the age of puberty, and also when it is purely sympathetic, by the administration of homoeo- pathic remedies. When it occurs after the age of puberty, and is con- stitutional or hereditary, and has been of long duration, it is not easy to bring about a cure. It is, however, in the most inveterate cases, possible to lengthen the inter- vals between the attack, and also to bring about some mitigation of their violence, by persevering in judicious homoeopathic treatment. Treatment.—This disease must not be treated hap- hazard, for much depends upon a correct course, and this has to be regulated by the character and causes, as well as by the symptoms of the malady; the latter merely guides us in selecting one from a class of remedies. The remedies employed for the most part are Bella- 526 DISEASES OF THE donna, Cuprum, Hyoscyamus, Ignatia, Lachesis, Nux vom., Opium and Stramonium. Belladonna may be employed at the commencement of the attack, when there is a crawling and torpor in the upper extremities; jerking of the limbs, especially of the arms; convulsive movement of the face, eyes and mouth; rush of blood to the head, with vertigo; bloatedess and redness of the face; or on the other hand, paleness and coldness of the face, with shivering and dread of light, with fixed or convulsed eyes, dilated pupils; obstruction of the throat, rendering the patient unable to swallow; cramps of larynx and throat, and danger of suffocation; foam at the mouth; involuntary discharges from the bowels, and of urine; oppression of the chest and anxious respiration; renewal ofthe fits on the slightest contact or the least contradiction ; loss of consciousness; unable to sleep after the fit is over; constant agitation and tossing, or deep lethargic sleep, with grimaces and smiles, and waking with starts and cries. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful (or otherwise four globules dry upon the tongue), immediately after the attack, and as a preventive of return ; repeat the dose night and morning for a week, until there is decided amendment or change. Cuprum.—When the commencement of the fit is in the fingers and toes, or in the arms, or retraction of the thumbs; this remedy is indicated, and especially when there is loss of consciousness and speech; salivation, sometimes of a frothy character; eyes and face red; recurrence of the fits about every moon, and especially at the menstrual period. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful (or otherwise three globules dry upon the tongue), immediately after the attack, and give the same every night and morning for a week, before the anticipated attack begins again, take the medi-cine night and morning. NERVOUS SYSTEM. 527 Hyoscyamus.—This remedy is indicated when the face is bloated, and when there is bluish color of the lips; foam at the mouth; prominent eyes; convulsive move- ments of certain limbs, or of the whole body; violent tossing about; retraction of the limbs; renewal of the fits on attempting to swallow the least portion of liquid; cries; grinding of the teeth; loss of consciousness; unno- ticed emission of urine, cerebral congestion; deep and lethargic sleep, with stertorious breathing. DOSE.—As directed for Belladonna. Ignatia is indicated when the attack is brought on by grief, and when there are convulsive movements of the limbs, eyes, muscles of the face and lips; throwing back of the head; retraction of the thumbs; bluish or red face, or red on one cheek and paleness on the other; or redness and paleness alternately; frothing at the mouth; spasms in the throat and larynx, with threatening suffocation and difficult deglutition; loss of consciousness; frequent yawning or drowsy sleep; great anxiety and deep sighs between or before the attacks; paroxysms or fits every day. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, or otherwise three globules dry upon the tongue. Lachesis.—The indicating symptoms are loud cries; falling and want of consciousness; foaming at the mouth; cold feet; belchings from the stomach; paleface; dizzi- ness or vertigo; heaviness in the head, and sometimes pain; palpitation of the heart; distended abdomen; half sleep, or deep sleep; nausea, &c. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four teaspoonfuls of water, and give one immediately after the attack, and repeat night and morning after, unless more urgent symptoms should call for more frequent repetition ; or if it suits better, four globules mav be ghen dry upon the tongue, after an attack, and repeated every six hours, until amelioration or change. 528 DISEASES OF THE Nux vomica.—This remedy is indicated when there is shrieks, throwing back of the head, trembling or convul- sive jerks of the limbs or muscles; renewal of the fits after disappointments or contradictions, or from anger • unobserved passing of faeces and urine; sensation of numbness of the limbs; vomiting; profuse perspiration; costiveness; full of ill-humor between the attacks. DOSE.—Give one drop, or four globules, after a fit, and repeat the dose twelve hours after; then, as a preventive, give a drop, or four globules, every evening for a week. Opium is the remedy when the fits occur at night or in the evening; throwing back of the head, or violent movement of the limbs, particularly the arms; loss of consciousness; closed fists; deep somnolency after the fits. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given every four hours, until four doses have been taken, and then every twelve hours for four days, and so on after each attack, until a change Stramonium is more particularly serviceable when there is throwing back the head or convulsive motion of the limbs, and especially the upper part of the body and the abdomen; haggard and pale face; stupid expres- sion ; bloated; red face; unconscious, insensible, and sometimes cries, &c.; the fits come on by being touched or by the sight of any brilliant objects. DO^E.—Precisely as directed for Opium. Arsenicum may be called into use when the fits are attended with burning in the stomach, vertebra and abdomen. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or eight globules, in four teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful (or otherwise three globules, dry, on the tongue,) every three hours, until amelioration or change. For Chronic Epilepsy, Sulphur, Calcarea, Silicea, Stan- num, Cicuta, Cocculus, Mercurius and Yeratrum may be called into requisition. Sulphur is indicated when the attack is preceded nervous system. 529 by a sensation as if a mouse were crawling over the muscles. Calcarea, when the fits occur at night. Silicea is indicated in Chronic Epilepsy after Cal- carea. Stannum, for tossing about the limbs; retraction of the thumbs; paleness of the face; backward traction of the head; loss of consciousness, and the fits come on in the evening and at night. DOSE.—For either of the above remedies in Chronic Epilepsy, dissolve one drop, or eight globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoon- ful night and morning, for a week, and then discontinue for a week, provided there is no recurrence of the fits, after which the course may be repeated, and so on until there is a permanent amelioration or change. During a fit the patient should be placed in a hori- zontal position, and such precautions should be taken as will obviate any injury which may be sustained by the violence of the convulsive movements; something should be inserted in the mouth to prevent any violence being done to the tongue; the cravat should be loosened or removed, and so should stays; cold water should be sprinkled over the face, especially when the breathing is much affected by a spasm of the muscles concerned in breathing. When the fit occurs in plethoric subjects, give a dose of Aconite and follow with Belladonna, if relief is not speedily brought about. Dtet and Eegimen.—Persons subject to fits ought to live on a plain diet, easy of digestion, and in great moderation. When there is plethora with a tendency to congestion, stimulants should be entirely avoided. Persons very much the opposite, require a more generous diet, but care should be taken not to overload the sto- mach ; excessive exertion of any kind must be abstained from. 46 530 diseases of the 10.—Neuralgia. (Nerve pain. Face ache. Tic doloreux. The meaning of the term neuralgia is pain in the nerve, and it is usually of an excruciating character; it is experienced with great acuteness under the eye, before the ear, shooting half over the face, into the eye, and into the brain. The paroxysms generally con- tinue for shorter or longer periods, sometimes days, some- times weeks, and even longer. It is not always confined to the face. As the nerves extend throughout the body there may be pain in the nerve in almost any part. The disease is obstinate, and sometimes baffles all attempts at cure. The principal remedies used in curing this distressing malady, are Arsenicum, Belladonna, China, Colocynth, Lycopodium, Platina, Spigelia, &c. Arsenicum is indicated when there is a tendency to periodicity in the attacks, and the pains are of a burn- ing, pricking and rending character, and are experienced around the eyes, and occasionally in the temples; aggra- vated by cold, and temporarily relieved by heat. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every three hours, until during the interum, beginning immediately after the paroxysm. Should the paroxysm not return so soon, or should it return earlier, discontinue the medicine for two days, and then commence again, if necessary. Belladonna is indicated in facial neuralgia, when there are darting pains in the cheek-bones, nose, jaws, or temples, or in the neck, and clenching of the jaws; twitches of the eyelids, and excruciating pain in the ball of the eye; for almost every form of face-ache, or tic doloreux, this remedy is a polycrest. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or ten globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, for two days, unless there shouid be an earlier amelioration, in which case give a teaspoonful every twelve hours, or if it suits better, three globules dry on the tongue, every twelve hours, until complete amelioration or change. NERVOUS SYSTEM. 531 China is indicated in the same way as Arsenicum, when there is an apparent tendency to periodicity in the attacks, and when the pains are excessive, and there is extreme sensibility and soreness of the skin. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or ten globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful three times a day, during the intermissions, if the paroxysms should be retarded, or they should come earlier than expected, discontinue after three days' trial, for a week, and then, if necessary, begin again. Colocynth. is particularly indicated, when there is violent rending and darting pains, which chiefly occupy the left side of the face, aggravated by the shghtest touch, and extend to the head and temples. Lycopodium is particularly useful when the symptoms are much the same as described under the preceding remedy, with the exception of the torpor and creeping, and particularly when the right side of the face seems to be the part affected. DOSE.—One drop, or ten globules, may be dissolved in half a tumbler of water, a tablespoonful may be given every evening for four days, or intil a change, then pause two days, after which, proceed again, if neces- sary, until there is permanent relief. Pulsatilla is a useful remedy for facial neuralgia, when there is a feeling of coldness and torpor in the affected side of the face, with severe spasmodic pain in the cheek bone, with a sensation of crawling and aggra- vation, or renewal of the suffering in the evening, and when in a state of rest; lachrymation; redness of the face, &c. DOSE.—In all respects as directed for Belladonna. Neuralgia is often attendant on other difficulties, such as Prolapsus uteri, in such cases, Sepia, Aurum, if pro- duced from taking the blue pill, China, if from mis- carriage, &c. DOSE. _Of either, one drop, or four globules twice a day. 532 diseases of the Spigelia is also a useful remedy when the pain extends into the head, and is excruciating; aggravated by the slightest touch. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, every four hours, until a change. 11.—Chorea. St. Vitus''s Dance. This disease is characterised by regular and uncon- trollable movements of portions of the body, and some- times, though rarely, of the whole body; sometimes one entire side, and it has been observed that the left more frequently suffers than the right; at other times the affection is limited to certain parts, as the face, lower jaw, one arm or single muscles. The motions are most strange and fantastic, occasioning grimaces of the face, when limited to this region, and singular movements of the extremities, when they are particularly affected, &c. Treatment.—The remedies suited to other irritations of the nervous centres, are for the most part useful in this difficulty. The principal are Belladonna, Pulsatilla, Stramonium, Hyoscyamus, Nux vomica and Sulphur. Belladonna, if the face is implicated; Hyoscyamus, if the tongue or lower jaw; and also Stramonium, for the affection of any of the muscles about the head and neck. Pulsatilla, Nux vomica and Sulphur, if the extre- mities are affected. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy, may bo dis- solved in a spoonful of water, and given every morning. 12.—Stammering. This difficulty is a form of chorea, affecting the mus- cular organs of speech. The remedies found most use- ful are Belladonna, Hyoscyamus, Sulphur, Causticum and Calcarea. NERVOUS SYSTEM. 533 DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every morning. To produce a useful effect in the treatment of this difficulty, it is necessary that the patient when taking remedies should subject the voice to exercise, observing to prolong the sound of the voice, and to speak often very slowly and distinctly, and persevere until ameliora- tion or change. 13.—Headache. (Cephalagia. Hemicranea.) Headache is seldom a disease by itself, it is more a symptom of some constitutional difficulty, or of general disease, and under such circumstances has to be treated according to the other symptoms in connection. As for instance, when it arises from indigestion; derangement of the stomach; cold in the head; mental emotions; fulness of the blood vessels of the head; or from any other disorders. The remedies most appropriate to the treatment of these different disorders, will be the best suited to remove the headache. We may, however, subjoin a few remedies for head- ache in general, whether dependant on some other disease or not. Belladonna is indicated, when there is pain in the head that is nearly constant, increased by motion either of the head or body, and especially on stooping, or moving the eyes, or when a bright light or the most trivial noise tends to aggravate the pain, which consists of a dull pressure of the top of the head, or merely on one side; sometimes very violent, almost depriving the patient of consciousness, depriving him of rest, &c. DOSE—Dissolve one drop or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a tablespoonful every six hours, until amelioration, or change. 46* 534 DISEASES OF THE Bryonia is more particularly indicated, when there is aching, piercing, tearing pain, at a fixed spot, daily after a meal, or after sleep, or pain coming on in the morning and disappearing in the afternoon, and returning again in the evening with undue violence, with a sensation as if the head were pressed together, particularly at the temples; burning tearing pain over the entire head, and shootings in one side of the head, and all the pains are increased by motion, attended with chilliness or shiver- ing ; they are sometimes relieved or made to disappear by a fit of vomiting. If the remedy proves inefficient, follow with Nux vomica or Rhus tox. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a tablespoonful of water, may be given every four hours, until amelioration or change. In chronic cases, give a similar dose night and morning for several days. If no favorable change ensues, select another remedy. Rhus tox. is indicated, when there are rending and shooting pains, extending to the root of the nose ; head- ache after a meal, with desire to lie down; burning or pulsating pains; fulness and weight in the head, or when the headache is renewed on going into the open air; undulation of the brain when walking, at every step; sensation of motion in the head, as from water, or as if the contents of the cranium were in a loosened state; sensation as if something were crawling in the head. DOSE.—Three globules, in a teaspoonful of water, every four hours, in acute cases, or one drop in four spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every four hours. In chronic cases, only once in twelve hours; in either case, until amelioration or change. Nux vomica is indicated, when the headache arises from cold; intense shooting pains ; piercing, Tending, or stunning pain, confined to a small space, or single spot, which is sensitive to the touch; and for most Of the NERVOUS SYSTEM. 535 symptoms arising from indigestion or cold, or from stimulating drinks. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, in acute cases, but every twelve hours in chronic cases, until amendment or change. Pulsatilla, for headache attendant upon the men- strual period, characterised by rending pains, with heavi- ness of the head, and for uncomplicated headache in persons of mild dispositions or lymphatic temperaments. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, for one day, and afterwards at intervals of twelve hours, until decided change. Sepia is indicated, for periodical headache, that comes on in paroxysms. It is better suited for persons of mild temperaments and females, and especially those subject to hysteria, and when the following symptoms are pre- sent ; viz., pain in the vertex and occiput, that disposes the patient to assume the recumbent posture; hemi- cranea, or pain in one side of the head; sharp, shoot- ing pains through the temples; worse in the afternoon or evening, or early in the morning; sometimes pro- ducing nausea; sense of fulness, giddiness or vertigo, on rising, accompanied with coldness of the hands and feet. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or eight globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, give a spoonful immediately after the paroxysm, and repeat night and morning for three days, and recur again to the remedy, at the first indication of a succeeding paroxysm, and so on, until amelioration or change. Chamomilla is indicated, for headaches that occur in impatient individuals, who become exasperated by the slightest pain, or who exhibit symptoms or expressions of suffering, apparently from the most trivial causes, and seemingly uncalled for; and also, for semilateral head- aches, of a rending or shooting character, sometimes 536 diseases of the extending into the upper and lower jaw; and also, when the head perspires during the continuance of the pain. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or eight globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, (in acute cases,) until decided amelioration or change. In chronic cases, give a similar dose, at intervals of twelve hours, until decided relief or change. Sulphur is a useful remedy, in chronic headache, occurring daily, or every eight days; worse in the morning or at night; attended with heaviness and con- fusion of the head; incapability of mental exertion; pain as if the head would split, especially on moving about in the open air; great tenderness of the scalp and falling off of the hair. DOSE—One drop or four globules, may be dissolved in a spoonful of water, and given every morning and evening, until improvement or change; then discontinue for a week ; if in the meantime, the improvement has been going on, there is reason for longer discontinuance; but if the improvement be only partial, which takes place during the first course, and remains stationary afterwards, recur again to the remedy as before. Calcarea is indicated, in chronic headache attended with a sensation of extreme coldness, either internally or on the scalp, when the pains affect the entire head, or merely the forehead, one side of the head, or the crown, and are of a stunning, aching, throbbing, or hammering description, compelling the patient to lie down, &c. DOSE.—The same in all respects as for Sulphur. Arsenicum, for periodical headaches, of an excrucia- ting and unbearable character, almost driving the patient to despair; aggravated by taking food, extending to the gums; tenderness of the scalp, temporarily relieved by cold applications to the head. DOSE.—In acute cases, give one drop or four globules, in a teaspoonful of water, every four hours, until decided amelioration or change. In chronic cases, this remedy may be used consecutively with Veratrum, at intervals of twelve hours, until decided amelioration or change. Aurum is indicated, for headaches in hysterical patients, attended with buzzing, or noises in the head, NERVOUS SYSTEM. 537 or pain as if the head had been bruised, especially on rising in the morning, or during mental occupation. DOSE.—As directed for Chamomilla, or Nux vomica. China, Lachesis, Mercurius, and Yeratrum, are remedies that may be consulted with reference to head- aches, according to indications. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, the same as directed for Arsenicum, in both the acute and chronic form. In the treatment of headaches, much advantage is to be derived from a knowledge of the causes which pro- duce them; we will therefore state concisely: 1. Headache from determination of blood to the head, Aconite, Belladonna, Pulsatilla, &c. 2. Headache from cold in the head or catarrh, Aconite, Arsenicum, China. 3. Headache from rheumatism, Bryonia, Chamomilla, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, &c. 4. Headache from disordered bowels, Ignatia, Ipecacu- anha, Nux vomica, Veratrum. 5. Headache from constipation, Bryonia, Lycopodium, Nux vomica, Opium, &c. 6. Headache arising from affection of the nerves, {Nervous Headache,) Aconite, Bryonia, Coffea, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Sepia, Sulphur, &c. 7. Headache caused by suppression of eruptions, Belladonna, Calcarea, and Sulphur. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, one drop, or six globules, may be dis- solved in half a tumbler of water, and a teaspoonful may be given every two, three, four, or six hours, according to the severity of the disease, until amelioration or change. 538 DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 14.—Sick Headache. This affection must be treated in accordance with the habit, temperament, and constitution of the patient, together with the accompanying symptoms. The most important remedies are Arsenicum, Bella- donna, Nux vomica, Sepia, Veratrum, and Colocynth. (See dyspepsia.) The disease is often dependent upon other affections, such as disturbance of the uterine function, torpidity of the liver, and nervous irritability. Eemedies suited to these different complaints, will be the most effective in affording relief. 15.—Giddiness.—Vertigo. This difficulty arises from various causes, and is often connected with foul stomach, profuse evacuations, and the abuse of stimulants and narcotics. (See Dyspep- sia, &c.) When persons are subject to giddiness, which is not attendant upon constitutional derangement, Aconite, Arnica, Chamomilla, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, &c, may be employed as indicated. DOSE.—The same as directed for headaches. 16.—Weakness or Loss of Memory. This difficulty may occur from several causes, and should be treated with reference to the particular one producing the difficulty. 1. If produced from weakness or losses, China. 2. If from blows on the head, Arnica. 3. If from intoxication, Nux vomica. 4. If from grief, Ignatia, &c. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, the same as directed under headaches. DISEASES INVOLVING VARIOUS ORGANS, ETC. 539 CHAPTEE XII. DISEASES INVOLVING VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. In the chapter on fevers, we treated of gout, rheuma- tism, &c, inasmuch as these diseases are uniformly de- pendent upon a peculiar febrile difficulty. We will now proceed to consider other difficulties, not yet considered. 1.—Inflammation of the Psoas Muscle. (Psoitis.) The indications of the presence of this disease, are pain in the region of the kidneys, hip, and downwards to the leg; the limb can neither be stretched out, or drawn upwards without pain; in walking there is hobbling in the gait, with the body inclined forward; turning in bed, or lifting aggravates the pain. Some- times there is external swelling. A psoas abscess is not usually dangerous, unless it discharges itself into the cavity of the abdomen, or produces caries. More frequently the abscess discharges in the groin, through the anus, perinaeum, or thighs. Treatment.—The remedies employed the most suc- cessfully, are Aconite, Belladonna, Colocynth, Hepar sulph., Silicea, and Staphysagria. Aconite is indicated when there is considerable degree of fever present in the commencement of the difficulty. This remedy should be followed by Belladonna. DOSE and Administration.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, of either remedy, and give a teaspoonful every 540 DISEASES INVOLVING three hours. If, after using the Aconite two days, and there is no amelio- ration, commence with the use of Belladonna in the same way, until it becomes necessary to resort to another remedy, or change. Colocynth. is indicated when there is a sense of con- traction in the psoas muscles when walking, and the disease is more of a chronic nature. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, dissolved in a spoonful of water, repeated every six hours until amelioration, or change. Hepar sulph. is indicated when there are rigors, followed by throbbing and increase of pain in the affected part, and we are led to believe that suppuration is about taking place. It is well to precede the use of this remedy with a dose or two of Staphysagria. DOSE.—Dissolve, of Staphysagria, one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, for three days, and then Hepar sulph. in the same way, until suppuration takes place. Silicea is indicated when the bones become affected from the abscess, or when an abscess has arisen from diseased vertebrae. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, every night and morning. Staphy- sagria may follow this remedy when an offensive sanies is discharged. Hip Disease. Under the head of sciatic rheumatism, when treating of rheumatic fevers, we gave some of the characteristics of hip affections. There are, however, two other difficulties which sometimes affect the hip, more malignant and painful than sciatica, which we regard worthy of attentive consideration under the head of hip disease. 2.—Pain in the Hip. Hip-gout. Rheumatism of the Hip. (Coxalyia-coxagra.) The symptoms of this disease are pain in the hip-joint, dependent upon a true gouty inflammation, almost uni- versally of an acute description; the pain is extremelv VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 541 violent, and extends from the hip-joint to the neighbor- ing parts, and renders motion exceedingly painful, either in walking, rising, sitting down, or turning in bed. Hip-gout usually assumes the irritable character, runs its course quickly, and forms an active local inflamma- tion, which speedily suppurates when unchecked. When suppuration takes place the pain becomes obtuse, pressing and throbbing; the inflammatory fever becomes suppurative in its character, which is evinced by shiver- ing and shuddering, alternately with heat, to which a number of other sufferings become adjoined, such as pain the knee, swelling, and spontaneous luxation. Treatment.—Aconite, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Chamo- milla, Colocynth., Hepar sulphur, Pulsatilla and Ehus tox. Aconite is useful when the affection is attended with considerable degree of fever, or inflammation of the joint itself exists from the first. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until amelioration or change. Arsenicum is one of the most useful remedies when the pain shoots along the interior of the thigh, like a stream of hot fluid, which augments on the slightest motion or change of temperature; great prostration of strength, which is not so much during the intervals between the paroxysms; paleness of the face; oppression at the chest; attacks of faintness from trifling exertion. DOSE.—ln all respects as for Aconite. Belladonna is particularly called for during the inflammatory stage, when the patient suffers much from pain. It may be alternated with Mercurius, if the symp- toms are .such as to call for their use in this way. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours. If used in alternation with Mer- 542 DISEASES INVOLVING curius, give of the one remedy a teaspoonful, and four hours after one of the other, and so on every four hours, until amelioration or change. Chamomilla is of great efficacy in recent cases, where there is marked increase of pain at night in the bed. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every three hours. Colocynth.—In chronic cases, where the fever and pain are less severe, though constant, and the pain is of a squeezing description, as if the entire joint were pain- fully bound, and also when the attacks are brought on by violent emotion or anger. DOSE.—The same as directed for Belladonna. Hepar sulphur is called for in case of exudation, and may follow Mercurius. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every six hours, until better or change. Mercurius is indicated when the disease is attended with halting in the gait, and sharp burning pains, worse at night and at every movement, attended with sweats at night; it is also useful when exudation is about to take place, or has taken place. DOSE.—The same as Aconite and Belladonna. Pulsatilla is of great service in mild cases of hip disease, that partake merely of a rheumatic character, when the patient has wrenching pains in the hip-joint, aggravated towards night, and even when in a state of rest. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, morning and evening. Ehus tox. is particularly called for when there are darting, tearing or dragging pains in the hip-joint, attended with tightness and stiffness in the muscles, aggravated or chiefly felt during rest; also great pain felt in the joint when rising from the seat. DOSE.—The same as Mercurius. VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 543 Chronic inflammation of the hip-joint is what is most commonly called "hip disease." It is seated in the bones that form the joint, and particularly in the socket. When the disease is about making its appearance, the pain may be felt in the knee, hip-joint, or a slight weakness of the part affected, attended with limping; afterwards, emacia- tion and elongation of the limb itself takes place, and as the complaint progresses a severe pain is felt behind the head of the thigh bone, which becomes increased by pressing the bone towards the socket; the pain extends down to the knee, ankle and foot, accompanied by fevers, restlessness, and flattening of that part of the nates which is generally fullest and roundest, depression of the crest of the ilium, and distortion of the spine. The disease is most commonly found among children, but no age, sex, or station in life, is exempt from its attacks. It is peculiarly insidious in its approach, the pain in the knee being the first symptom denoting its presence, hence it is sometimes mistaken for disease of the knee-joint, but this would be an unfortunate mistake, for it is the only symptom of the incipient stage of the disease, that may direct to a timely treatment, that may obviate the formation of matter in the socket, and the luxation of the joint. Causes.—Constitutional taint, such as scrofula, un- doubtedly is the frequent source of the disease; but it is more frequently attributed to mechanical inj try, or exposures, &c. Treatment.—The principal remedies employed, are Belladonna, Colocynth., Ehus tox., and Sulphur. Belladonna is more especially called for in the inflammatory stage, when the patient suffers considerable pain. It may be well to alternate this remedy witb Mercurius in the early stage of the disease. 544 DISEASES INVOLVING DOSE!—One drop, or four globules, may be given three times a day, in a si.oouful of water. Colocynth. has been found of much value in this disorder, either after Belladonna and Mercurius, or in preference from the first. Its use is indicated by a feeling in the hip-joint, as if tightly bound by an iron clasp, and pain extending down the limb, and stiffness in the hip-joint. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every six hours, until amelioration or change. Ehus tox. is particularly useful in the first stage of the disorder, when there is dragging or tearing pains in the hip-joint, aggravated by pressing the head of the femur into the socket, attended with stiffness of the muscles, most painful when in a state of rest, and severe pain on arising from a sitting posture. DOSE.—The same as for Colocynth. Sulphur, Calcarea, and Silicea, are required for the most part in chronic cases. Sulphur, if the disease arises from scrofula, or psoric metastasis. Calcar,ea is particularly useful after the first stage has passed off. Silicea, when there is abscess or caries. There are other remedies that may be considered, as Hepar sulph., Phosphoric acid, Phosphorus, and Lachesis. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, one drop, or four globules, every morning and evening. If, after two days, no improvement takes place, proceed with some one of the other remedies named, and so on in the same manner with others. 3.—Affections of the Knee. When the knee-joint is affected, particularly when the disease begins in the synovial membrane, Silicea forms one of the best remedies, and in addition, Aurum, Calcarea, Lycopodium, Nitric acid, and Phosphoric acid. VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 545 Calcarea and Sulphur may be used when the inflam- mation exists in consequence of the effects of mercury; and Bryonia, China, Nux vomica, Ehus tox., or Sulphur, when it results from gout or rheumatism; Sulphur and Calcarea are thought applicable to scrofulous enlargement of the knee. When there is suppuration, Mercurius and Hepar sulph., when serous infiltration, Silicea and Sulphur. In white, glossy, doughy swellings of the knee, Pulsatilla is an excellent remedy, whether the swelling be painful or otherwise. In persons of scrofulous habit, Iodine may be used in connection with Pulsatilla, a dose of one in the morning and the other in the evening. DOSE.—Of any of the remedies mentioned, when indicated, one drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every twelve hours. Diet and Eegimen.—In acute inflammatory difficul- ties of the hip-joint, the diet should be the same as in acute fevers, but in the chronic form, the diet should be light and nutritious, avoiding all stimulants. 4—Affection of the Organs of the Senses.—Diseases of the Eyes. In the treatment of diseases of the eye, great care should be exercised, to avoid all injurious applications. There is no salve or ointment, eye-water, or lotion, that is to be recommended for the eyes, for all of these preparations are deleterious, and should be avoided, and internal remedies should be relied upon. Cold water may be used freely, externally, unless the eyes are affected with erysipelas, which is known by the redness that usually surrounds them. It does good in common inflammations from a cold. Luke-warm water may also prove a source ©f relief 47* 546 DISEASES INVOLVING under circumstances where there is considerable heat in the eyes, and discharge of acid tears. Inflammation and Swelling of the Lids.—Some- times the fids are swollen and red, when the eyeballs are not affected. Treatment.—The remedies are, Aconite, Chamomilla, China, Euphrasia, Hepar sulph., Nux vomica, Mercurius, and Ehus tox. Aconite is indicated, for red, hard swelling, with burning heat and dryness; shining as if transparent; burning, with tension and copious secretion in the eyes and nose. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until change. Hepar sulph. if necessary, may be given after Aconite, to effect a cure. Belladonna is the remedy to be employed, if the lids are paralyzed, or the lids stick together, and are red and swollen. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite. Chamomilla is indicated, when the upper lids feel heavy as lead. DOSE.—The same as Aconite. China is indicated, when there is sense of crawling inside of the lid, increased in the evening, with running tears. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite. Hepar sulph. is a remedy that may be used after several of the other remedies, as Aurum, China, Bella- donna, &c, and is indicated when pressing pain remains, or the lids feel sore. DOSE.—One drop or four globules, to be given twelve hours after the last dose of the preceding remedy, and repeated every morning until a cure is effected. VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 547 Euphrasia.—This remedy is very useful in chronic inflammation of the eyelids, that is characterised by itching in the day time, and by their sticking together in the night; red, and somewhat swollen, with the edges ulcerated, wet and purulent, with dread of fight, constant catarrh, attended with headache and heat of the head. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite. Rhus tox. is particularly useful for inflammation of the inner surface of the lid, and when the eyes are con- tracted as if by spasm, or when pus is discharged from under the lids. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite. Nux vomica is particularly indicated when the edges of the lids b-m, itch, and feel very sore when touched, and stick together towards morning. DOSE—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. This remedy may be used with advantage after Euphrasia. Mercurius viv. should be employed when the lids turn outwards, and there is pricking, burning and itch- ing, or when there is no pain. DOSE—The same as directed for Nux vomica. Stye.—Hordeolum. This is a little hard tumor, much like a dark red boil, generally in the corner of the eye, and although small, is sometimes attended with severe inflammation and fever, causing more or less pain and suffering. It is slow in suppurating, and seldom bursts spontaneously. Treatment.—The remedies are Pulsatilla, Staphysa- gria and Sepia. Pulsatilla is to be employed on the first appearance of the stye, and in most cases no other remedy will be required to remove it. 548 DISEASES INVOLVING DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may be given every morning, until amelioration or change. If Pulsatilla is only partial in its effects, Staphy- sagria is the best remedy to proceed with. Staphysagria is particularly indicated when the swelling degenerates into a hard, white tumor, after the use of Pulsatilla. DOSE.—In all respects as directed for Pulsatilla. Sepia is particularly applicable in scrofulous subjects, and in obstinate cases. DOSE.—The same as directed for Pulsatilla. Inflammation of the Eye.—Iritis. This affection affects both the eye-balls and lids in some instances, and at others only the eyes. Treatment.—The remedies employed are Aconite, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Euphrasia, Ignatia, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Ehus tox. and Yeratrum. Aconite is the best remedy for inflammation of the eyes, when the disease comes on suddenly, and increases rapidly, when the whole eye is red, or full of red veins, runs much and is quite painful, and also when the eyes are sore from cold, which is accompanied with catarrh, sore throat, &c. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Belladonna is indicated when the white of the eyes is quite red, or large red veins, discharge of acid tears, sensitiveness to the light, deep-seated spasmodic pains, with catarrh and excoriations of the nose. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite. Chamomilla is adapted to children when there is pricking, pressing and burning in the eyes, as if they gave out heat, lids swollen and closed in the morning, or very dry. DOSE—In all respects t e same as foxAconite. VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 549 Euphrasia is of great service when there is pressure in the eyes, increased secretion of acrid tears, contrac- tions of the fids, the eyes very red, and attended with headache and catarrh in the evening. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Ignatia is indicated when the white of the eye is affected and the pain is very severe; profuse discharge of tears; dread of fight, attended with catarrh. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be given in a spoonful of water, every twelve hours, until amelioration or change. Rheumatism affecting the Eyes. Nux vomica is indicated when the corners of the lids are exceedingly red, more so than the eyes, and fhe balls are blood-shot, and smart as if salt or sand were in them, and there is increased secretion of tears; the patient can- not bear the light, particularly in the morning; fever usually attends this condition of the eyes, and is worse in the morning and evening. DOSE.—Dissolve and take as directed for Euphrasia. Pulsatilla is very useful after the first inflammation has been removed by Aconite, when severe pains still remain of a piercing, boring and cutting character; cannot bear the light; pains worse in the afternoon and evening. DOSE.—In an respects as for Euphrasia. Ehus tox. and Bryonia may be employed after Pulsa- tilla has removed the pain, when there is redness remain- ing, burning, or sensation as from sand under the lids; worse in the evening and at night; the lids so swollen that opening the eyes give pain in the head. DOSE.—The same as for Euphrasia, for either remedy. Veratrum is particularly indicated when there is tearing pain, interrupting sleep at night; intolerable 550 diseases involving headache; much heat in the eyes, and a sensation of dryness. DOSE.—As for Euphrasia. For simple, uncomplicated sore eyes, when small watery blisters are on the eyes, and the light becomes offensive, Euphrasia, Bryonia and Ehus tox. When the light be- comes less offensive, and the pain more violent, so that every vein can be seen, Nux vomica, Chamomilla and Ignatia. For scrofulous difficulties, see "scrofulous sore eyes." Gout affecting the Eyes. When gout attacks the eyes, the remedies found of the greatest service are Aconite, Antimonium crud., Bella- donna, Cocculus and Colocynthis. Aconite is useful as the first remedy, especially when there is heat and burning in the eyes, with pressive and darting pains, particularly on moving the eyes; redness and inflammation, with intolerable suffering; excessive flow of tears; sparks before the eyes; dread of light; weight and fulness in the forehead; strokes and beatings in the head. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonfrl every three hours, until amelioration or change. Antimonium crud.—Cocculus or Sulphur may be ad- vantageously employed after Aconite, when there is nausea or vomiting; redness and inflammation of the lids, or canthi, with itching and sticking together of the hds at night. DOSE.—Of either, the same as directed for Aconite. Belladonna is of great service when the pain is very oppressive all around the eye, above it or alongside of it; pricking pain about it, sensation as if the eye were being VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 551 torn out or pressed in; when the pain is intermittent; flashing before the eyes; appearance of fog or mist before the eyes; and when the symptoms are accompanied with giddiness and headache so severely as to be deprived of consciousness. DOSE.—The same in all respects as directed for Aconite. Colocynthis is particularly indicated when the eyes are sore and inflamed, attended with severe cutting pains, which extend into the head, pressing particularly into the forehead or on one side ofthe brain, drawing pains extend- ing into the nose, causing great agitation and restlessness. DOSE.—The same in all respects as directed for Aconite. The remedy may be used in alternation with Belladonna. Scrofulous Sore Eyes.—Scrofulous Opthalmia, In scrofulous subjects, the disease often manifests itself in the eyes. It is met with in children who suffer from this cqmplaint, or in grown persons who have had the taint of the disease in them from childhood. When the eyes have once become weakened from tie disease, they are liable to subsequent attacks of the same disorder; from cold and other causes, the disease may be so excited as to affect the sight and produce ulcers on the ball of the eye. Treatment.—The remedies found most useful are, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Calcarea, China, Dulcamara, Hepar sulph., Mercurius, and Sulphur. Arsenicum is usually indicated, when the pains are of a burning character, as if produced by burning coals, and when spots are seen in the eye. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be given twice a day. Belladonna is of service, when there is a sensation of pressure in the eyes, which is worse when they are 552 DISEASES involving turned upward, and when red veins, ulcers, or pustules, can be seen on the eye-ball. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, three times a day. Hepar sulph. is useful after Belladonna, and espe- cially for children who have been dosed with calomel; when the lids are red and sore, and painful to the touch, as if bruised; and also, when from touch, they close convulsively, and can scarcely be moved; unable to bear light in the evening; dulness of the eyes, or other- wise, brilliant appearance of the eyes; spots on the ball; sensation as if the eyes were pressing from their sockets. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, every morning for several days. Calcarea is indicated, when there are ulcers on the eyeball, attended with itching; burning when reading in the evening. DOSE.—In all respects as for Hepar sulph. China should be given, when there is considerable pain in the eyes, in the evening; sensation as if sand were in them; and also, when there is a dull or hazy appearance of the eye on inspection. DOSE.—One drop or four globules, every morning. Dulcamara is indicated, in scrofulous sore eyes, when cold is the exciting cause, and when there appears to be thick fog before the eyes, and flashes of light from them, attended with pain over the eyes, aggravated when at rest, and worse when the patient is quiet. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, morning and evening. Mercurius viv. is well suited to the affections in children, who have taken no Mercury; when the pains are cutting, especially in straining the eyes; worse in the evening, and in a warm bed; the eyes full of tears; sen- sitive to light; burning in the open air ; sight clouded; VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 553 small pustules on the ball of the eye, that occur at every fresh cold. This remedy is especially useful after Bella- donna. DOSE.—In nil respects as directed for Dulcamara. Sulphur, is a remedy that will prove of service after the use of Mercurius or Belladonna, but not after Hepar, although it may take the place of this latter remedy. It is particularly indicated, when the lids are contracted in the morning, and the light of the sun is dreaded by the patient, on the account of its destroying the sight, and when there appears to be a mist before the eyes, dimness of the cornea, or when the white of the eye appears very red, bloodshot, and little spots upon it; when the flow of tears is increased; severe pressure in the eyeball. DOSE.— One drop, or four globules, may be given every evening for a week, and then discontinue for the same length of time. If the patient is better, continue the intermission. Catarrhal Inflammation of the Eyes. This difficulty may arise from a common cold and obstruction of the tear passages, and may be cured by the use of Chamomilla, Lycopodium and Hepar sulph. DOSE.—Of either, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful morning and evening, until amelioration or change. Syphilitic Sore Eyes. This affection may be cured by Mercurius, if the patient has not been previously treated with mercury in the allopathic form; under other circumstances Nitric acid, Aurum, Sulphur, &c. DOSE.—Of either, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four table- spoonfuls of water, and give one morning and evening; if after four days there is no decided improvement, proceed with the next remedy. Gonorrheal Inflammation of the Eyes This difficulty can be eradicated generally by the use of Pulsatilla, Arnica and Sulphur. 48 554 DISEASES INVOLVING DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, of either, dissolved in a spoonful of of water, twice a day. Fungus cancer of the eyes (fungus haematodes,) will require Thuja, Carbo animalis and Phosphorus, one dose of either, every day, until change. Cataract. The remedies that have proved the most successful in this difficulty are Conium, Phosphorus, Cannabis, Sul- phur, &c. DOSE.—One drop, of either, or six globules, every twenty-four hours, dissolved in a spoonful of water. After the use of Conium for ten days, discontinue for about the same length of time, in order to allow the remedy sufficient time to act, and then if there has been little or no change, proceed with the use of Phosphorus or Sulphur. Specks on the Cornea. Opacity of the Cornea. These specks, sometimes left on the cornea from pre- ceding inflammation, may be removed by Belladonna, Euphrasia, Sulphur and Calcarea Squinting. Strabismus. The cure for squinting is seldom found among reme- dial agents, to be taken internally, still some remedies may afford material aid to the ordinary mechanical means resorted to in effecting a cure, and some cases hive been radically cured by the administration of Hyoscyamus or Belladonna, when the affection had been of recent standing. DOSE.— Dissolve one drop, or six globules ofthe remedy employed, in si\ teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, for two days, and then discontinue the same length of time, and then proceed with the use of another remedy, if necessary. Weeping or Watery Eye. . This difficulty consists in the continual flow of tears from either one or both of the eyes. It may proceed from an obstruction of the tear duct, or the cause may merely be a relaxed condition of the glandular aparatus VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 555 of the eye. If from an obstruction there is no remedy better adapted to effect a cure than Petroleum, but if this should not prove effectual, resort may be had to Stramonium, Calcarea, Pulsatilla, Sulphur, Lachesis, &c. But if the difficulty occurs from merely a relaxed condi- tion of the glandular apparatus, the most suitable reme- dies are Spigelia, Euphrasia, Pulsatilla, &c. DOSE.—The selected remedy may be given twice a day in doses of a drop, or four globules, until amelioration or change. The remedies may be tried in the order laid down above, each for two or three days, to be suc- ceeded by at least an interval of two days before another remedy is pro- ceeded with. Bloodshot Eyes. This derangement may arise from several causes, such as blows, falls, retching, straining, vomiting, coughing, crying, &c, and it usually disappears of itself. But in some rare instances it proves obstinate and requires remedial aid. In such an event, the external use of Arnica may facilitate a cure. In other cases, though rare, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Nux vomica, &c, may be required. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every six hours, but if no relief i? obtained by the time the fifth dose is taken, proceed with the next remedy For external use, twelve drops may be dissolved in half a tumbler of water. Short or Near-sightedness. Myopia. This difficulty though dependent in a measure upon the peculiar structure of the lens, has been partially, and in some rare instances, completely removed by medi- cines, Pulsatilla, Sulphur, Carbo veg., Phosphoric acid, Petroleum. Of these, Pulsatilla and Sulphur. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in a half tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful every morning. If after using one remedy three mornings no improvement is produced, after two days proceed with another remedy. 556 DISEASES INVOLVING Attacks of Blindness. This ephemeral difficulty may be produced from evo- lutions taking place in the system; it may come on suddenly, or gradually towards evening. Aconite for sudden attacks, Belladonna or Veratrum for that which comes on towards evening. DOSE.__One drop, or four globules, of Aconite, every three hours, and of Belladonna every six hours. If after two days there is no improvement, resort to other remedies. Hyoscyamus is a remedy that proves of great service under particular circumstances, when the patient sees spots or objects before the eyes. 5.—Inflammation ofthe Ear. (Earache. Otitis. Otalgia.) Inflammation of the ear is characterised by violent pain in the ear, with sensibility to noises, attended with more or less fever. Earache may also arise from tooth- ache, or be a purely neuralgic affection. When the pain is excessive, it may communicate with the whole head, and may bring on delirium, or even inflammation of the brain. Otitis.—The remedies employed in this difficulty are Belladonna and Pulsatilla, and protective means. Pulsatilla is regarded an effective remedy, and one drop, or six globules, may be given every three hours; at the same time cover the ear with cotton, so as to protect it from noise and the air, if the seat of the inflammation be internal. Belladonna will be required if the pain penetrates into the brain, attended with great agitation, vomiting, coldness of the extremities, and other dangerous symptoms. DOSE._Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Should there be an aggravation after the first three doses, discontinue until a natural reaction takes place. VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 557 Otalgia, when there is no inflammatory symptoms, but simply neuralgic pains in the ear. The remedies may be Arnica, Calcarea, China, Mercurius, Nux vomica, &c. Arnica is adapted to very sensitive persons, who experience a return of pain from every exposure, with oppression and stitches behind the ears; also tearing, heat, and irritability at any loud noise. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Calcarea carb. is useful when the pains are confined to one side, deep in the ear, so violent and painful as to drive the patient to distraction; especially when the pain is on the right side, or worse after midnight, or in the forenoon. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, every morning and evening, until amelioration, or change. China is suitable when the patient has more pain in the external ear, with redness, pricking, and tingling inside. DOSE.—The same as for Calcarea. Mercurius viv. is indicated if the patient perspires without being relieved; tearing pain, extending to the cheeks; burning externally, and feels cold internally. DOSE—The same as for Arnica. Nux vomica is particularly indicated when violent earache occurs from a fit of passion, or in irritable angry persons. DOSE.—The same as for Arnica. Other remedies, such as Chamomilla, Dulcamara, Hepar sulph., Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Platinum, and Sulphur, may be resorted to in particular cases. General Treatment.—Eesort to no external appli- 43* 558 DISEASES INVOLVING cations. Oil introduced into the ear, may become injurious, heating vapors may weaken the organs of sense of hearing. Warm water applied on a sponge or soft linen cloth, may sometimes relieve the pain, without doing injury; avoid cramming cotton into the ear. Running of the Ears. Otorrheas. This complaint results from a variety of causes, and in some instances, proves very obstinate and difficult to cure. It is better not to suppress the discharge, for this may produce serious consequences. The use of the syringe should be discarded, and oil is certainly of little avail, any article that becomes hard, is still worse; but the ear may be cleansed with luke-warm water, a little fine wool may be put into the ear, in winter, to protect it from cold, and during the summer, as a protection from flies, which sometimes deposit their eggs in them • but even this resort should be with great caution, when the discharge smells offensively. Treatment.—Belladonna, Calcarea, Mercurius, Pulsa- tilla, and Sulphur, are among the principal remedies. Belladonna is one of the remedies for running from the ears, after scarlet fever. It may be used in alternation with Mercurius. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules of Belladonna, in six tea- spoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, for three days; and then dissolve of Mercurius, in the same way, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, for three days, and of Belladonna again, &c, but if these remedies prove insufficient, resort to Hepar sulph. Mercurius is useful, in running from the ears, either after scarlet fever or small-pox, when the discharge is bloody, attended with pricking pain, and offensive. DOSE.—The same as directed for Belladonna, but if the patient has taken much Calomel, Hepar may be substituted for the Mercurius. VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. Calcarea is indicated, for purulent and tedious dis- charge, and one drop, or four globules, may be dissolved in a spoonful of water, and given once every week. Mercurius may be administered first, and in six days after Calcarea. Sulphur is also indicated, in these purulent tedious discharges, to be administered in the same manner as directed for Calcarea, one week after Mercurius has been given, and continued as long as the case requires, or its usefulness is apparent. Lachesis, Pulsatilla, Silicea, Dulcamara, and other remedies, may prove useful in chronic otorrhoea, but they should be duly affiliated in accordance with the symptoms. DOSE._The same as directed for Calcarea and Sulphur. Suppression of the Discharge. Pulsatilla, Mercurius, and Belladonna, when the neck becomes hard and swollen, after the suppression of the discharge. DOSE.—Of either, one drop, or four globules, daily, in the morning. Belladonna, Bryonia, Dulcamara, and Mercu- rius, if severe headache occur after the suppression. DOSE._The same as for Pulsatilla, Mercurius, &c, until the running becomes established. If the irritation which keeps up the running should not be removed, it is by far the best, that the running should remain; or otherwise, the disease may spend its force upon the brain, and produce violent inflamma- tion and death. Deafness. Hardness of Hearing. Dysecoia. This difficulty is usually connected with diseases that must be cured in order for the deafness to cease. It is frequently caused by some obstruction of the ear. 560 DISEASES INVOLVING Treatment.—The most useful remedies to remove hardness of hearing, are Calcarea, Mercurius, Nitric acid, Phosphoric acid, Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, and Sulphur. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, every morning for a week; if this does not produce the effect, proceed with the next remedy. For Deafness arising from Congestion, Bella- donna, Hyoscyamus, Phosphorus, Sulphur. DOSE.—In all respects as directed for deafness. Nervous Deafness, may be relieved by Causticum, and Phosphoric acid. DOSE.—The same as for deafness. Eheumatic or Catarrhal Deafness, may be removed by Arsenicum, Calcarea, Mercurius, Nitric acid, Pulsa- tilla, Arsenicum, &c. DOSE.—The same as for deafness. Deafness from Suppressed Eruptions, may be relieved by Causticum, Graphites, Sulphur, &c. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may betaken morning and evening for a week; if without the desired result, proceed with the next remedy. When Deafness occurs from Measles, Carbo veg., and Pulsatilla. When from Scarlet Fever, Belladonna, and Hepar sulph. When from Small-pox, Mercurius viv., and Sulphur. When from the abuse of mercury, Aurum, Nitric acid. When from the Enlargement of the Ton- silsr Aurum, Mercurius, Nitric acid. When it is the sequel of Fevers, and other disorders, Phosphorus, Phos- phoric acid, Yeratrum. When it occurs from suddenly checked discharge from either the nose or ears, Hepar sulph., Lachesis, Pulsatilla, &c. DOSE.—The same as for deafness from suppressed discharges. Buzzing or Noises in the Ears. This affection is generally connected with the incipient stages of deafness, and running from the ears, or it may VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 561 be produced by cold. The remedies are Nux vomica, if from cold; Pulsatilla, when worse in the evening. Mer- curius, when attended with perspiration. Sulphur, when the noises become annoying, and difficult of endu- rance, &c. DOSE.—The same as directed for deafness from suppressed discharges. 6.—Bleeding at the Nose. Epistaxis. This affection often occurs during the course of many diseases, and frequently is a source of benefit to the patient. In a general way, it is better not to interrupt the bleeding, unless too violent and too long. The efforts usually made, to arrest bleeding at the nose, with cold water, sponge, vinegar, &c., often prove a source of injury instead of relief, and great caution should be exercised in the use of such agents. Extend- ing the arm and hand upwards over the head, will often arrest the bleeding of the nostril on the same side of the arm that is raised, whether right or left. Treatment.—The principal remedies are, Aconite, Arnica, Belladonna, Bryonia, Cina, China, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Ehus tox., and Sulphur. Arnica is a suitable remedy, when the bleeding of the nose is occasioned by a blow, fall, or any external injury, and also, when the nose feels hot, or itches, and the blood is of a light red color. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given and repeated in the course of a day, if necessary. Aconite.—When the difficulty occurs in consequence of being overheated, or by reason of determination of blood to the head, or by drinking wine; it is well suited to persons of full or plethoric habit, when affected with fever, flushed face, throbbing of the temporal arteries, &c. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a desert-spoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. 562 DISEASES INVOLVING Belladonna may be indicated as an alternating remedy with either of the two remedies above named, (Aconite and Arnica,) when the bleeding takes place at night, or comes on again in the morning, or arises either from being overheated or drinking wine. DOSE.—The same in all respects as for Aconite, when used by itself, or every three hours, alternately when used with another remedy, until amelioration or change. Bryonia is indicated when the bleeding is prolonged in a warm room, or in warm weather, or from drinking wine; and also when the patient is of an irritable dispo- sition, and the bleeding occurs more frequently at night, awaking the patient out of sleep. DOSE.—In all respects as for Aconite. Cina is indicated when the bleeding of the nose occurs in children subject to worms. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite. China is especially indicated for persons of weak, debilitated constitutions, when the bleeding is prolonged, and when there is marked paleness of the face, coldness of the extremities, fainting, &c. DOSE,—The same as for Aconite. Nux vomica is indicated for bleeding that usually returns in the morning, and particularly when the diffi- culty is brought on by drinking wine, or being over- heated, or in habitual inebriation. DOSE.—The same in all respects as directed for Aconite. Pulsatilla is best suited for females of mild, quiet disposition, or such as have scanty menstrual discharge; also for that bleeding of the nose which takes place during a cold, or stoppage of the nostrils. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite. VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 563 Ehus tox. is indicated when the difficulty is brought on by great exertion, such as by lifting or straining, and is worse every time the patient stoops. DOSE.—The same as directed for Aconite. Sulphur, taken once or twice a week, will be found of great service in correcting that condition of the sys- tem which favors frequent recurrence of the difficulty. DOSE.__One drop, or six globules, in a tablespsoonful of water. Diet and Eegimen.—The diet in all cases should be simple, and the patient should be kept cool and quiet. Swelling of the Nose This affection springs from various causes, sometimes from contusions, at others from certain diseased con- ditions of the body. Treatment.—The remedies that in general are found to be the most useful, are Arnica, Belladonna, Bryonia, Hepar sulph., Mercurius viv., Sulphur, &c. Arnica is indicated when the nose is swelled in con- sequence of having received a blow, or when the swelling occurs without any apparent cause, attended with itching pain in the upper part of the bone of the nose, as from a blow. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, until amelioration or change. Belladonna is indicated when the swelling arises from catarrh. Hepar sulphur when the nostril is red, swollen and sore. Mercurius when there is watery run- ning from the nose, making it sore, red, shining and swollen. Bryonia in painful tedious swelling. Sulphur in swelling with black spots on the nose. Phos. acid in chronic swelling, with red spots on the nose. Causticum for warts on the nose. Rhus tox. when the point of the 564 DISEASES INVOLVING nose is red. Arsenicum when it presents a coppery red ness, accompanied with a craving for spirituous liquors. DOSE.—For each remedy the same as directed for Arnica, with the exception of Sulphur, Causticum and Arsenicum, which should be admin istered in the same dose twice a day, until better or change. Hepar sulphur is useful when the nose has been made sore by calomel; a dose three times a day. Against swelling of the interior of the nose, Sepia, Aurum, Silicea, Hepar sulph., Causticum and Nitric acid, are the remedies. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, one drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, night and morning; if after three days no improvement takes place, proceed with the next remedy. Caries.—When the bones of the nose appear to be affected, (caries) whether from scrofula or the abuse of mercury, Aurum is the remedy; when from other causes, Mercurius viv., Hepar sulph., Lachesis, &c. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy, in a spoonful of water, morning and evening. Oz^NA.—This disorder consists of an ulcer in the nose, from which a fetid purulent matter is discharged. Symptoms.—Slight inflammation and swelling of the sides of the nose, attended with sneezing, flow of mucus obstructing the nostril, sometimes producing slight hemor- rhage, or sometimes as the inflammation and ulceration extends, the mucus assumes the character of pus. Treatment.—Pulsatilla, Sulphur, Calcarea, Lycopo- dium and Natrum muriaticum, are the chief remedies for the first stage. DOSE._One drop, or six globules, may be given every morning, of the remedy selected; if not relieved in four days, proceed with the next remedy. In the second stage, when there is discharge of pus, Aurum and Mercurius are the remedies. The former if the disease arises from the abuse of mercury, and the VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 565 latter when it arises from other causes, such as syphilis or scrofula. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every morning and evening, until amelioration, or change. Conium or Thuja may be found requisite, in the same dose, to complete a cure. Cancer of the nose.—This disease has been com batted by the use of Arsenicum, Aurum, Carbo veg., Sepia, Silicea, and Sulphur. DOSE.—The same as directed for Ozaena, or ulceration in the nose. Polypus of the nose is a pear-shaped tumor springing from the lining membrane of the nose, having only a small attachment at its root, and expanded below. Sometimes it is hard and fleshy, and at other times, soft and tender. The common kinds resemble an oyster. Treatment. — The remedies that have proved the most successful, are Calcarea, Sanguinaria, Sepia, and Staphysagria. DOSE.—The same as directed for Ozaena or Cancer, Baldness or Loss of Hair. The most useful treatment for this misfortune, in numerous instances, is the judicious use of cold water and the brush; but in some cases remedies are useful, as for instance, 1. When the hair falls out from debilitating causes, China and Ferrum. 2. If the hair falls out in consequence of perspiration, Mercurius. 3. If after the use of quinine, Belladonna. 4. If after the abuse of mercury, Carbo vegetabilis. 5. If after much grief or trouble, Phosphoric acid and Staphysagria. 6. If after inflammatory diseases and nervous fevers, Calcarea, Hepar sulph., Silicea, &c. 49 566 DISEASES INVOLVING 7. For recent baldness, and that which appears in early life, Tincture of Cantharis, in the proportion of one drop, to two ounces of lard, mixed up together faithfully, and applied externally, while the same remedy may be administered internally. DOSE._Of the selected remedy, in either case, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, until a change. Dandruff. This squamous difficulty may often be overcome by the use of Lycopodium, especially when there is head- ache, or when it is attended with itching. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in the morning. 7.—Offensive Breath. This unpleasant affection is sometimes dependent upon other derangements of the system, which must be cured in order to relieve it. But at other times it results from a want of cleanliness, in allowing tartar to accumulate on the teeth, or from sore mouth, or leaving particles of food; simply washing the mouth, two or three times a day. . In other cases when there is no perceptible cause, Chamomilla, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, or Sulphur may be employed. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy. One drop, or six globules, dissolved in a spoonful of water, may be given every morning, until the difficutly is removed. Aurum, Pulsatilla and Sulphur are the remedies suited to remove the difficulty in young girls at the age of puberty. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every morning. When the difficulty appears to be the result of VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 567 previous salivation, with mercury or calomel, Carbo veg., Hepar sulph., Nitric acid, &c. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy, in a spoon- ful of water, every morning. If no relief takes place for a week, proceed with the the next remedy. 8.—Cramps in the Legs. Yeratrum is recommended to remove the tendency to the difficulty, and Colocynth. and Sulphur, if necessary to effect a cure. Ehus tox. when the difficulty occurs when sitting. Sepia, Nitric acid, and Lycopodium when the diffi culty is experienced in walking. Nux vomica and Ehus tox. when the attacks occur at night. Calcarea, when it occurs on stretching out the limb. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy. One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, night and morning, for a week. If without salutary effect, select another remedy. 9.—Goitre. (Bronchocele. Derbyshire neck.) The main feature of this difficulty consists in disfigure- ment of the neck, arising from the swelling of the thyroid gland; as this gland enlarges, considerable obstruction to free inspiration arises from the pressure which it exerts against the windpipe. Women especially of mountainous districts, are the most subject to the affection; they are more prone to it than men, particu- larly those women who have suffered from severe labors. Something inherent in the constitution, without doubt, is a frequent source of the difficulty. Treatment.—In recent cases, Iodine and Spongia. In long standing cases, Calcarea, Carbo veg., and Sepia. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, every morning, for a week, then discontinue for a week, and proceed again in the same manner. 568 DISEASES INVOLVING Sepia and Thuja are useful when the superficial veins of the swelling are in a varicose and painful state. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, every morning and evening. Belladonna is indicated when the difficulty is acute, and arises from a cold. Aconite, if the accompanying fever runs high, and the skin over the region of the swelling is red. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a tablespoonful three times a day. Mercurius is indicated when there is no discoloration of the skin, and also when symptoms of suppuration have set in. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until the abscess bursts. If Mercurius does not produce the desired result so speedily, resort to Silicea, and give one drop, or four globules, morning and evening. Sweating Feet. The fact that some individuals are troubled with a disagreeable clammy sweating of the feet, to such an extent as to require a change of stockings twice or three times a day, would seem to argue that some diseased condition of the system was the source. The difficulty not. only annoys the patient, but others, frorri the fact that the utmost attention to cleanliness is insuffi- cient to remedy the complaint. Treatment. — Silicea and Ehus tox. are foremost among the homoeopathic remedies. The latter may be given one drop, or six globules, every morning, for a week, and if improvement sets in then or soon after, a few days may elapse, and then the same remedy may be given every other day for a week, but should no amelio- ration result, resort to the other remedy. The use of these two remedies alternately, three days apart, may also prove useful, not only in curing the difficulty, but in obviating the ill effects of its sudden suppression. VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 569 10.—Sleeplessness. (Vigilance. Agrypnia.) In the article on Sleep, in Chapter I., may be found some practical remarks, useful to consider, with refer- ence to normal amount of sleep required to promote health; whenever anything interrupts the natural state of health, or interferes with what the economy requires, either too much or too little sleep may be the conse- quence. It will be seen, therefore, that sleeplessness is but symptomatic of some other disturbance, and can only be remedied by the removal of the diseased con- dition, as for instance, Nux vomica is indicated when sleeplessness has been produced by intense mental application, continued up to the period of retiring to rest; or by sedentary habits, or the habitual use of coffee and other stimulants. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, night and morning, and a discon- tinuance ofthe practices that produced the difficulty. Pulsatilla is indicated for sleeplessness produced by overloading the stomach. DOSE.—The same as for Nux vomica, and a discontinuance of the habit that produced the disturbance. Coffea is a useful remedy when the difficulty origi- nates from excessive joy. Ignatia, when the affection arises from grief, vexation, &c. Opium, when it arises from fear or fright. Belladonna, when it arises from the same or similar difficulties. Aconite, when anxiety or agitating events disturb sleep or produce wakefulness. Hyoscyamus, when it arises from nervous excitement in sensitive or irritable subjects. DOSE.--One drop, or six globules of the selected remedy, in a spoon- ful of water, every evening at bed-time, until the difficulty is overcome. Phosphoric acid and Sepia are useful remedies when sleeplessness occurs in hysterical or hypochon- driacal persons. DOSE.—The same as for Coffea or Ignatia. 49* 570 DISEASES INVOLVING Nux vomica, Sulphur and Lycopodium are indi- cated when sleeplessness is occasioned by cold feet. It is necessary at the same time to resort to friction for the purpose of promoting active circulation, as well as frequent bathing the feet in cold water. DOSE.—Of either remedy, one drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, at bed-time, until amelioration or change. If the one selected pro- duce no improvement, proceed with the next remedy. Lachesis, Stannum, Pulsatilla and Secale are indicated when the sleep is prevented by burning heat, in the feet, and Nitric acid, Silicea or Calcarea, when the same occurs from a harsh, dry condition of the skin. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules of the selected remedy, in a spoonful of water, night and morning, until amelioration or change, Graphites and Sepia are sometimes useful, used in the same way. Nightmare. Incubus. This disagreeable affection is dependent upon certain diseased conditions of the system, which can be reme- died by homoeopathic remedies. Aconite is useful, when there is considerable fever, quickness of the pulse; thirst; palpitation of the heart; oppression of the chest; anxiety and agitation. DOSE.—One drop or six globules, dissolved in two spoonfuls of water; one spoonful may be given to remedy the immediate symptoms, but when indicated by the general condition of the patient, the same dose may be given night and morning, until amelioration or change. Nux vomica, is the remedy, when night-mare results from sedentary habits, or indulgence in wine or other stimulants. DOSE.—Six globules, or one drop, may be dissolved in three teaspoon- fuls of water, and a teaspoonful given every night at bedtime, for a week, or until decided amelioration or change. Pulsatilla, when the difficulty arises from derange- ment of the digestive functions, in consequence of gross living, late suppers, &c. DOSE.—In all respects as directed for Nux vomica. various organs and regions. 571 Opium may be employed in all severe cases, when there is labored or snoring respiration, the eyes only half closed, the mouth open, the countenance expressive of great anguish, and moist with cold perspiration, and twitching of the muscles. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful night and morning, for a week ; then discon- tinue for a week, and recur again to the remedy if necessary, until amelio- ration or change. Sulphur, or Silicea, may be employed, when any of the foregoing remedies do not suffice to effect a cure. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, may be given every night at bed- time, and the exciting cause of the attacks must be removed. Diet and Eegimen.—The diet should be simple, when under treatment, and there should be daily exer- cise in the open air. A shower-bath may sometimes be resorted to, or sponging with cold water every evening. 11.—Rupture. (Hernia.) By Hernia, is meant the protrusion of any of the abdominal viscera from the cavity of the abdomen. It is a common affection, and consists of several varieties, according to situation. 1. Inguinal Hernia, which takes place near the groin. 2. Umbilical Hernia, which has its position near the navel. 3. Scrotal Hernia, which makes its appearance near the scrotum. Causes.—It may be produced by any severe exercise, by straining to lift heavy weights, riding on horseback, vomiting, parturition, jumping, &c. Treatment.—In recent cases, the treatment may con- sist entirely of internal remedies, and they will be found sufficient to effect a cure; but in other cases, well-adapted trusses may be requisite. 572 DISEASES INVOLVING Strangulated Hernia. This difficulty is brought about, by not wearing a suit- able truss, and by too much exertion; the protrusion becomes incarcerated or strangulated, and requires to be reduced, and it is of importance to know how it should be accomplished. 1st. The patient should lie on his back, with a pillow under his hips, so that the ruptured part should be higher than the rest of the abdomen; he should then incline a little to the ruptured side, so that the abdominal muscles may be relaxed as much as possible, and then another person, or the patient himself, can generally reduce the hernia. 2d. The reduction is accomplished, by gentle pressure upon the protrusion with one hand, while with the fingers of the other hand, the tumor is grasped so as to direct it backwards, through the aperture from whence it protrudes. The efforts should be continued gently and patiently, a sufficient length of time to gradually effect the reduction. When the tumor is so sensitive as to forbid pressure without occasioning severe pain, appro- priate remedies must first be used. Aconite and Nux vomica, may be used alternately, every six hours, for one or two days, in doses of one drop, or four globules, after which it frequently returns itself; or if any aid is required, a rag dipped in warm water, gently placed upon the tumor, may be all that will be required to effect the reduction. Aconite may be given, when there is violent burning in the abdomen, as from hot coals; the least touch, giving pain and sickness at the stomach, bitter or bilious vomitings, nervousness, and cold perspiration. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a spoonful, and repeat every time the pain occurs. VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 573 Yeratrum is useful after Aconite, when the latter remedy produces only temporary relief, without any other good effect. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, for six or eight hours. If after this, efforts should fail to reduce the hernia, Sulphur may be employed; give one dose and wait awhile; if the patient falls asleep, do not disturb him. Nux vomica is indicated, when the pain is less vio- lent, and the vomiting not so much, but the breathing difficult, occasioned by taking cold or being overheated, or from vexation or improper diet. DOSE.—In all respects as for Veratrum. Opium is indicated, when the patient becomes red in the face, and the abdomen becomes distended, or when there is offensive eructations and vomiting. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every fifteen minutes, until there is a change. If the vomiting is accompanied by cold sweat, or the extremities become cold, give Veratrum in the same manner, and afterwards Belladonna, if the Veratrum after one or two doses produces no relief. But if the abdomen becomes sensitive to the touch, give Aconite and Sulphur, as before directed. Arsenicum and Lachesis are indicated when the symptoms are very alarming. DOSE.—Give one drop, or six globules of Lachesis, in a spoonful of water, and follow in two hours with Arsenicum, if there be no relief, and repeat this latter remedy every four hours, until amelioration or change. In all cases of Strangulated Hernia, the services of a well-educated and experienced physician should be had if possible. But in nearly all cases of recent standing, when there is no strangulation, Aconite and Sulphur will prove effectual, administered as above. Diet.—In obstinate and painful forms of hernia, the diet should be simple and easy of digestion. 574 DISEASES INVOLVING 12.—Fainting. (Syncope. Swooning.) Fainting may be caused by sudden transitions from cold to heat; great fatigue; intense pain; loss of blood; protracted abstinence from food; grief, and other severe emotions of the mind. Whenever the difficulty occurs, the patient should be placed in a situation to be favored with a current of pure fresh air, and freed from tight clothing about the neck, chest and abdomen, and placed on his back in a horizontal position. Cold water may also be sprinkled in the face and neck, if necessary, to aid in effecting restoration; sometimes spirits of camphor may be applied to the nose, should the before-mentioned reme- dies fail to produce the desired benefit. Treatment.—The following group of remedies will be found useful in the treament of this difficulty; Aconite, Coffea, Hepar sulph., Lachesis, Nux vomica and Yeratrum. Aconite is indicated when there is rush of blood to the head, accompanying palpitation of the heart; or when the attack comes on at the time of assuming the erect posture, attended with shivering and flushing of the face, followed by death-like paleness. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful when there appears the first indication ofthe attack, and repeat if necessary in one hour, and again in four or six hours. If the attacks occur frequently after the first, have recourse to the succeeding remedies. Coffea, after Aconite, in highly excitable subjects, and particularly when the fainting has arisen from fright. DOSE.—As directed for Aconite. Hepar sulph. is indicated when fainting generally comes on towards evening. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every morn- ing, (fasting,) for a week. Then after a few days' suspension, if the diffi- culty is not overcome, recur to the remedy again, and so on until amelio- ration or change VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 575 Lachesis is of service when asthmatic symptoms either precede or accompany the fainting, and also ver- tigo, paleness of the face, bleeding at the nose, and cold perspiration. DOSE.—The same as for Hepar sulph. Nux vomica is serviceable when the fainting occurs after a meal, or after taking exercise, or there is nausea, with paleness of the face, and when the patient immedi- diately after recovery complains of pain in the stomach, sparks before the eyes, dimness of the sight, anxiety and trembling, or oppression at the chest. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful night and morning for a week, or until amelioration. Then discontinue for a week, and proceed again if necessary, until amelio- ration or change. Yeratrum may be employed when the fainting is excited by fatigue, or when they are preceded by a feeling of extreme anguish, or dejection and despair, attended with convulsive closing of the mouth, or moving of the eyes and lids. DOSE.—The same as directed for Nux vomica. Some additional remedies have also been found useful after any of the above remedies, when little benefit has been received. PhospJwric acid is useful after Nux vomica; Moschus for fainting fits occurring in the open air, attended with spasms in the chest, or followed by headache. DOSE.—In all respects as directed for Lachesis. 13.—Pains in the Loins. (Notalgia.) This affection is more commonly symptomatic, being produced by other difficulties, such as piles, whites, &c, the removal of which, depends very much upon the the successful treatment of the difficulties which give 576 DISEASES INVOLVING rise to it. But when it occurs under other circumstances, it must be treated with reference to the cause and the symptoms. Treatment.—The remedies employed, are for the most part Calcarea, Nux vomica, Ehus tox., and Sulphur. Nux vomica is indicated when the difficulty has been produced by habitual indulgence in spirituous liquors, in conjunction with late hours, and sedentary habits. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every twelve hours, for two days, and then wait a fev< days, and proceed again if necessary, and so on until relieved, or change. Ehus tox. may be employed when the difficulty haa been caused by a strain, from heavy lifting, or sudden turning of the body, or any other violent exercise. DOSE.—Same in all respects as for Nux vomica. Sulphur and Calcarea are both useful remedies, and may be employed after Nux vomica or Rhus tox., when the pain is continued after the use of these latter remedies. DOSE.—The same in all respects as for Nux vomica. 14.—Dropsy. (Hydrops.) Dropsy is a preternatural swelling of the whole body, or parts of it, occasioned by a collection of watery fluid. It is distinguished by different names, according to the part affected, viz: 1. Anasarca, or dropsy of the cellular membrane. 2. Ascites, dropsy of the abdomen. 3. Hydrothorax, dropsy of the chest. 4. Hydrocephalus, dropsy of the brain. 5. Hydrocele, dropsy of the testicle. 6. Hydrometra, dropsy of the womb. various organs and regions. 577 Anasarca. This form of dropsy consists in an unnatural accumu- lation of water under the skin, in the cellular membrane. Sometimes the skin is rendered inflamed and swollen by the accumulation of the fluid, and not unfrequently appears of an erysipelatous character. In most cases this affection is but the consequence of some other disease, often met with in combination with general dropsy. It sometimes, however, constitutes the primary disease, arising from an excitable condition of the part involved. The acute form of the disease for the most part affects those who are in the prime of life. It makes its appearance suddenly, from exposure to cold, when the body is heated; drinking cold water when in the same condition. Symptoms. — Oppression at the chest, attended oc- casionally with cough and pain, are among the first indications of the system being invaded by the disease, especially on drawing a full breath; in the course of a few hours the patient begins to swell, first in the face, and then from the face it spreads downwards, to the trunk and lower limbs; the urine is scanty, and high- colored; in some cases the pulse remains normal, at others it becomes accelerated, and is attended with heat and dryness of the skin, and then in some cases it is weak and feeble. If the disease is not checked the swelling will go on, until the functional processes are all performed with great difficulty, especially that of respira- tion, so that the patient cannot lie down. The sthenic or primary form of the disease may terminate fatally in a few days. That form of the disease which is dependent upon an exhaustion of strength, comes on slowly; it afflicts those 50 578 diseases involving obliged to dwell in damp or dark apartments, not suffi- ciently ventilated, and those fed upon an unwholesome diet. It may also be superinduced by sedentary habits, depressing emotions, excessive depletion, diarrhoea, or dysentery; it is generally attended with thirst and scanty secretion of urine; the feet are observed to swell first, and the swelling gradually ascends higher, until it per- vades the entire body; the pulse varies; sometimes there is fever and dry skin; sometimes the bowels are costive, at other times loose. This form of dropsy sometimes is superinduced after scarlatina and other acute exanthemata in children. It is apparently of an inflammatory character, connected with imperfect cutaneous transpiration, or obstructed secre- tions and execretions; exposure to wet or cold favors its occurrence. Treatment.—Arsenicum, Bryonia, China, Helleborus, Mercurius and Phosphorus, are among the principal reme- dies employed. Helleborus is particularly called for where there are febrile symptoms, with constriction in the chest, and lancinating pains in the extremities, and almost entire suppression of the urine; or when there is a sort of half sleep with great debility and looseness of the bowels; shivering, rapid respiration, and much thirst. Arsenicum is often advantageously employed after Helleborus. DOSE.—One drop, or ten globules, in a half-tumbler of water; give a teaspoonful every four hours, until four doses have been given, and then every six hours, until amelioration or change. Bryonia is of great service when the disease arises from an exhausted condition of the system, if there is oppression of the chest, with acute pricking pain during a full inspiration, or when the swelling increases by day VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 579 and diminishes by night, attended with constipation, China is a good remedy to follow up the treatment with, and so is Lycopodium when there is obstinate constipation. DOSE—The same in all respects as for Helleborus. Phosphorus is indicated when Anasarca is attended with inflammation of the lungs. DOSE—Of a solution of one drop, or ten globules, in four tablespoon- fuls of water; give a teaspoonful every two hours, until three doses have been given, and afterwards every six hours, until decided amelioration or change. Mercurius viv. is useful either in acute or chronic Anasarca, accompanied with oppression at the chest; con- stant, short, dry cough, with disordered liver; general heat; thirst; great weakness. Dt>- E.—Dissolve one drop, or ten globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every half hour, when the symptoms are acute, until there is a decided amelioration or change; and afterwards, the intervals may be extended to two or three hours; and in chronic cases, give the medicine only twice in a day, morning and evening, and continue for a week, and then omit a week and commence again, and so on until the patient is relieved or another remedy is called for. Arsenicum is indicated when there is much debility, or when disorder occurs in combination with gastritis, or affections of the heart, or other viscera; constriction of the chest, and oppression, and a sense of suffocation on lying down, particularly upon the back; dry, hard skin; extremely pale; tongue red and parched ; intense thirst; rending pains in the trunk and limbs; extreme weakness and prostration; feeble and irregular pulse; coldness of the extremities. This remedy may be alternated with Helleborus. DOSE.—The same as directed for Mercurius viv. China is indicated when the difficulty is combined with affections of the liver and spleen, or when occa- sioned by loss of blood, diarrhoea or dysentery. Many 580 DISEASES INVOLVING of the other remedies may be employed after the use of China, if indicated. DOSE.—The same as for Mercurius viv. Dropsy of the Abdomen. Ascites. This form of dropsy may be complicated with ana- sarca and other local dropsical complaints. It is a watery effusion in the cavity of the peritoneum, which causes much swelling of the abdomen. In most cases there is swelling of the lower extremities, or other parts of the body. Sometimes the disease comes on so gradu- ally as to lead to the belief that it is mere corpulency, and at others it makes its appearance so suddenly as to mark it at once as a difficulty of this kind. The premonitory symptoms often make their appear ance in the form of fever, restless nights, thirst, disor- dered digestion, foul tongue, nausea or vomiting, cos- tiveness, scanty flow of urine, high-colored; pain in the small of the back and region of the liver. The collection of the water is often sufficient to render the abdomen tense, and dull sound on percussion; and when the affection is considerable, the swelling gravi- tates to the side towards which the patient inclines; and a sense of fluctuation may be felt by placing the hand on one side of the abdomen and striking the oppo- site side sharply with the other. When ascites succeeds any worn-out condition of the system, exhausted from chronic disease, whethei in adults or children, the termination will very likely be unfavorable. When the disorder sets in as a consequence of Scarlet Fever, &c, although a serious malady, it may not necessarily be considered in the light of a fatal dis- order VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 581 Treatment.—Helleborus, Arsenicum and China, are the principal remedies. Helleborus is equally useful in the treatment of this disease and Anasarca, particularly when it is brought on by excitability. DOSE.—The same as for the same remedy under Anasarca. Arsenicum is mainly useful in the treatment of this affection, when there is great debility and extreme pros- tration, and has arisen from the depressing effects of other diseases. In acute cases the remedy is speedily efficacious, in the chronic form it is valuable, and also in cases complicated with organic derangement of some important viscus. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or ten globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every half hour for the acute symptoms, until some mitigation becomes apparent, and then every two hours; four hours, and even six or twelve hours may intervene between the doses, according to the urgency of the case. In chronic cases, the same dose may be given every night and morning for a week, and then omit for a week, and commence again if necessary, and so on, until decided amelioration or change. China is indicated when the Ascites has resulted from debilitating losses, and also in the chronic form when it arises from organic disease of the liver or spleen. It is further indicated by short, dry cough, either with or without . expectoration; extreme paleness of the skin; general chilliness; small, feeble, slow pulse; frequent inclinations to urinate, followed by scanty discharge. This remedy may be associated with Arsenicum and Ferrum. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or ten globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until a decided change, or other- wise resort to the associate remedies. Zincum metalicum is indicated in dropsical affections, especially when pain and disagreeable sensations are experienced in the region of the kidneys. DOSE.—The same as for China. 50* 582 DISEASES INVOLVING Dropsy of the Chest. (Hydrothorax.) This form of dropsy may exist either in complication with Ascites or Anasarca, or without it. One or both sides of the chest may suffer from a collection of the fluid. Sometimes the exudation is lodged in the cellular texture of the lungs, as well as in the sacs of the pleura. Symptoms.—The commencement of the disease may be indicated by a sense of uneasiness at the lower por- tion of the breast bone, attended with some difficulty of breathing, which is greatly increased by exertion or by lying down; a troublesome dry cough at first, but afterwards accompanied with expectoration of thin mucus; swelling of the feet towards evening. Aside from these symptoms, we meet those common in all forms of dropsy, such as pale skin, thirst, scanty urine, &c. The patient may be able to detect the disease himself by the fluctuation of the fluid, on particular movements of the body. The physician may detect the presense of the fluid by percussion or auscultation. The former yields a dull sound, and by the application of the ear to the chest the respiratory murmur will not appear distinct, if at all. Sometimes one side, and at other times, both sides of the chest appear swollen, and the intermediate spaces between the ribs become more apparent. As the disease advances, the breathing becomes more difficult, particularly at night, when it often excites a dread of suffocation; the extremeties become more swollen, and the patient has fits of anxiety and palpita- tion of the heart; sometimes there is numbness, in one or both arms, and inability to lie down. The final termi- nation of the disease, is in the suffocation of the patient, and he dies from asphyxia, unless arrested in its progress VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 583 before it has advanced so far that remedies can exert no control. Inflammation of any of the serous membranes in the cavity of the chest, may give rise to the difficulty, as well as organic lesions of the heart and lungs, and their chief vessels, and also disease of some of the viscera of the abdomen, as induration of the liver, &c. Treatment.—The group of remedies found the most useful are, Apis Mellifica, Arsenicum, Colchicum, Dul- camara. Apis mellifica, is indicated in Hydrothorax, when there is sensation of heat throughout the chest, accom- panied by a kind of suffocating feeling impeding the respiration, and when there is a feeble intermittent pulse, and inability to lie down. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Arsenicum is particularly indicated, when there is distressingly impeded respiration after going up stairs, constant thirst, and inclined to drink but little at a time, great difficulty of breathing on getting into bed, how- ever gently the act may be performed, attended with palpitation of the heart, and excessive anguish and appre- hension ; impeded respiration from lying down, or from turning in bed during the night; coldness and swelling of the feet; pale and greenish hue of the skin; pains in the back and loins. DOSE.—In all respects as directed for Arsenicum, in Ascites. It may be associated with Carbo veg., China, Ferrum, used in a similar manner. Colchicum, Spigelia, and Dulcamara, will each exert a palliative effect, when the disease is complicated with organic lesions of the heart and great vessels. Aconite may be employed, when there is febrile symp- 584 DISEASES INVOLVING toms. Dulcamara, when the suffering is worse in cold, damp, and foggy weather. DOSE._Of either, the same as directed for Apis mellifica. Dropsy of the Brain.—Hydrocephalus. This disease, commonly reckoned among the diseases of infancy, and often termed, Water in the Head, or Dropsy in the Head, is not exclusively confined to children in the early period of life; we may therefore consider the disease here. Symptoms.—Headache, particularly in the front part of the head; nausea; vomiting; dilatation of the pupils; stupor; very slow pulse; and convulsions. Causes.—Inflammation of the meninges of the brain. It is liable to occur in scrofulous children of large heads, in whom the fontanels remain for a long time unclosed. The disease comes on sometimes so insidiously, as to betray but very few, if any symptoms. Teething, in young children, may be the exciting cause, or some derangement of the stomach. In other cases, the symp- toms are apparent, as follows: hot skin, quick pulse, chiefly at night, but often variable; the child becomes peevish, when raised from a horizontal position, and sometimes, is seized with fits of screaming, grinding the teeth, redness of the face and eyes, strabismus, or squint- ing, convulsions, and stupor. Dropsy of the brain exhibits nearly the same symp- toms as are produced by worms, or extreme exhaustion, and may be confounded with these affections. But the history of the case, and close scrutiny, may be able to determine the distinction. Acute Dropsy of the Brain. The first indication of acute dropsy of the brain, of the low or insidious form, is great languor and tendency VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 585 to fatigue from the slightest exertion; the child totters in its walk, or is averse to movement altogether; very fretful; does not like to be moved; complains of pain in the back of the head and neck, in the limbs and stomach, which is irritable; vomiting being induced whenever the patient sits upright, or is placed in an erect posture. The head is hot; the eye looks inflamed, or the pupil is contracted, and the countenance wears a bold expression; obstinate constipation of the bowels; scanty urine, &c. As the disease progresses, the child loses all sense of pain; lies quiet, unless disturbed; drowsiness, or stupor gradually comes on, the head sinks upon the pillow, the eyes half closed, the pupils dilated or immovable; or attended with impaired or double vision, or squinting; a partial, or else a complete cessation of sickness; some- times combined wich a slight return of appetite, takes place at this stage; but emaciation progresses rapidly. The child moans and sighs, and frequently lifts its hands to its head; with a tremulous motion. Following these symptoms, convulsions of greater or less intensity becomes apparent; constant moaning and raving, and complete loss of consciousness; the eyes are dim, glazed, and turn upwards; uniform quick pulse throughout the entire disease; or having become slow and feeble at the close of the first stage; it may be aroused or accelerated for a short period, and then decline; the upper and lower extremities become re- laxed; the abdomen drawn up, and the breathing very irregular; and the scene may terminate in a severe convulsion. The disease of the acute and inflammatory form sets in very suddenly, with fever and violent convulsions, 586 DISEASES INVOLVING causing the death of the child in three or four days. In other cases the child is seized with severe headache; the face is red; the head is hot, and full; throbbing in the temples; and the child starts at the slightest noise; the eye is more brilliant than usual, and sensitive to light; the pulse is full and quick, at first, and the breathing hurried and difficult- the stomach is exceedingly irri- table; the tongue white and furred, and often enlarged; and severe constipation or unnatural discharges of green color from the bowels; scanty urine, or altogether suppressed; an expression of terror and pain; the hand frequently raised to the head; extremely frightful, par- ticularly when taken up from the bed, and occasionally wild, piercing, and frantic screams; as the disease advances, the pulse becomes slow, feeble, and irregular, easily accelerated, however, by any movement. The sequel and termination of the inflammatory form does not differ from the insidious and low form. Chronic Dropsy of the Brain. This form of the disease generally sets in insidiously, without any previous acute stage, although in some instancss it is the sequel of the acute form. The head gradually enlarges, while the face retains its natural size, and sometimes in very young children the bones of the head separate to a considerable extent, and a sense of fluctuation can be detected on pressure. Languor, lassitude, and emaciation are the first general symptoms observed, and frequently one or more of the senses are impaired, or entirely destroyed as the disease advances. In some cases the intellect is pre- served for a considerable time. Sometimes the head acquires an enormous size, so that it cannot be kept erect on the account of the feeble frame that supports VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 587 it. Sometimes general convulsions occur, causing a permanent rigidity of the limbs, at other times the convulsions are partial, affecting only certain sets of muscles, as of the face, or one of the limbs. When there is an attempt to keep the head erect, it is attended with giddiness, and sometimes heat and pain in the head; vomiting and fever during the night, and moving of the head from side to side, or burying the head in the pillow; working of the tongue and lips, or lower jaw; and frequently squinting, or cross-eyed. It has been remarked that the more acute the inflam- mation, the greater is the prospect of cure, in general cases of dropsy of the brain. When a copious perspiration breaks out, and the accelerated condition of the pulse passes away, together with the oppression of breathing, and the urine flows more freely, it is regarded a good indication. When, on the other hand, the disease comes on gradually and insidiously in the wake of some other malady, and especially in children of scrofulous habits, the prospect of recovery is very obscure, though in some instances cures may be accomplished. Continued slowness, and weakness of the pulse, or its sudden fall, attended with dilated and fixed pupils, and irregular and laborious respiration, are* unfavorable indications. When the chronic form follows the acute, or when, during its progress there is delirium, convulsions, and stupor, it generally proves fatal. But when the chronic form becomes regularly confirmed, the child may, in some instances, live on for years, and come to its death from pome other disease. The fatal termination is generally preceded by drowsi- 588 DISEASES INVOLVING ness, convulsions, and relaxation of the limbs. But the immediate cause may be found in some other disease, such as inflammatory affections of the chest, pulmonary consumption, or ulceration of the bowels. Water on the brain occurs very frequently during the course of other diseases, such as Scarlet fever, Measles, Summer complaint, difficult Dentition, Hooping cough, &c, being insidiously transferred to the brain. It is, therefore, particularly incumbent to guard against the invasion of the brain, by any of these diseases. The premonitory symptoms, however, of the disease taking this course, are often absent, and stupor, convulsions, or paralysis may be the first indications of the brain or its membranes becoming thus secondarily affected. Treatment.—Eemedies should be employed in the earliest period of the disease to have a salutary effect. Those found the most useful, are Aconite, Belladonna, Bryonia, Hoyoscyamus, Helleborus, Mercurius vivus, Opium, Stramonium, Sulphur and Zincum metallicum. Aconite is indicated at the commencement, when the skin is hot and dry, the pulse quick, and particularly if the patient exhibit the appearance of a full habit of body, and the face has the color of robust health. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water and give a teaspoonful every morning for a week, unless decided change occurs at an earlier period, then omit the medicine for a week, and then proceed with the remedy again, and so on as before, until some distinct manifestation of improvement or change. Belladonna is particularly indicated when there is great heat in the head; face bloated and red, with strong pulsation of the arteries of the neck; severe pain in the head, and inclination to bury it in the pillow; or moving the head from side to side; sufferings aggravated by the least noise; extreme sensitiveness to the light; frequent VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 589 flushes of heat; violent shooting and burning pains in the head; eyes red and sparkling; unusually brilliant, and protruding with wild expression; contraction or dilatation of the pupils: sickness at the stomach; violent delirium; drowsiness and stupor; loss of consciousness; frantic dreams; occasionally low mutterings; grinding of the teeth; convulsions and vomiting, and even involun- tary discharges from the bladder and bowels. DOSE.—The same as directed for Aconite. Hyoscyamus is especially indicated when there are violent convulsions, loss of consciousness, or inarticulate speech; redness of the face; wild fixed look; white coat upon the tongue, with frothy phlegm about the lips; dilatation of the pupils; dry and parched skin; thirst; diarrhoea; and picking at the bed clothes with the fingers. DOSE.—As directed for Aconite or Belladonna. Mercurius is useful after Belladonna, when this latter remedy has only produced partial good effects, and when the bowels are much relaxed. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite, Belladonna, &c. Bryonia is indicated at the commencement when there is heat in the head with great thirst; dark redness of the face; convulsive movement of the eyes; delirium; sudden starts, with cries and constant inclination to sleep; continual movement of the jaws as if chewing; yellow coat upon the tongue; distended abdomen; pain on passing urine, or else suppression; hot dry skin; hurrried respiration and constipation. DOSE.—As directed for Aconite, or in severe cases, a teaspoonful, or a globule, dry upon the tongue, may be given every three hours, until ame- lioration or change. Helleborus niger is useful after Bryonia has pro- duced temporary benefit, and may be employed in all 51 590 DISEASES INV0LATIXG severe cases from the commencement. When the danger is not removed by this remedy in a few hours, it may be followed by Sulphur, and also if spasms are present. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, dissolved in three teaspoonfuls of water, and a teaspoonful every four hours, or two globules dry upon the tongue at the same intervals, until improvement appears to be manifest; and every six hours, until decided amelioration or change. Stramonium will be found useful in some instances, when the symptoms are analogous to those for which Belladonna or Hyoscyamus are indicated, and especially when the pain in the bead is less acute, and more frequent convulsive movements, &c, the skin being hot and moist. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in six teaspoonfuls of water; give a teaspoonful every four hours, until amelioration or change. Opium is indicated particularly when there is lethargic sleep, with snoring respiration, half open eyes, and giddi- ness or confusion after waking, and complete apathy and absence of complaint. DOSE.—The same as for Helleborus. Sulphur is more particularly serviceable, to be used occasionally during the time another remedy is employed. When this other remedy has produced a limited good effect a single dose of sulphur may be given, and in three hours after the indicated remedy may be proceeded with. It is also of great service in completing a cure after an attack of the acute inflammatory form. DOSE.—If as an intermediary remedy, give two globules in a teaspoon- ful of water; and then in three hours, or six or twelve hpurs, if possible to wait as long, resume the treatment with the previous remedy, if appro- priately employed. If used to complete a cure, one drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given every morning until the cure is effected. Zincum metallicum is indicated in the last stage against symptoms of incipient paralysis of the brain. DOSE.—The same as directed for Helleborus niger, until the warmth returns and the pulse grows stronger, then recur to the other remedies as indicated. VARIOUS ORGANS AND REGIONS. 591 Lachesis, Digitalis and Arsenicum are remedies that may be employed. Lachesis in the last stage of a low form of the disease, if any hope remains. Digitalis, when the pulse is slow, weak, and irregular. Rhus tox. may also be employed in the low, protracted variety, and Arsenicum when the face is pale, and great debility and emaciation, with quick, weak, and irregular pulse. DOSE—Of either as directed for Helleborus. Diet and Eegimen.—The diet should be exceedingly simple, for those children weaned from the breast, while the nurse's diet, should be simple and easy of digestion, 'in order to afford proper nourishment to those who have not been weaned; or if children when afflicted with water upon the brain, cannot move, the food should be pre- pared for them, with reference to the irritable condition of the stomach, and in no case should it be stronger than the secretion of the breast. Dropsy of the Testicle. Hydrocele. For the description and treatment of this affection, see Diseases of the Urinary and Genital Organs. Dropsy of the Womb. Hydrometra. For the treatment of this affection see Diseases of Women. 592 CAUSUALTTIES. CHAPTEE XIII. CAUSUA1ITLES Concussions. Wounds. Dislocations. Bruises. Sprains. Fractures, &c. 1. By concussion of the brain is understood, the effect produced by violent shaking, or a blow upon the head. The symptoms vary according to the degree of injury which the brain has sustained. When the concussion is very severe, there is a sudden suspension of sense and power of motion, which generally results in death. When slight, a mere stunning or confusion, with more or less headache, is produced, succeeded by acceleration of the pulse, vertigo, and sickness. Then again, when the violence done is more severe, yet not so much so, as to cause fatal termination, the patient may be rendered insensible, and incapable of ^movement; his limbs become cold; the pulse slow, weak, and intermittent; and laborious and snoring respiration. This has been termed the first stage of concussion. The second stage is that which follows, as the patient begins to recover, the pulse and respiration improve, and warmth begins to be felt in the extremities. The sensi- bility to touch then returns, and the patient vomits, but still remains in a dull, confused state, and almost uncon- scious of external impressions. The third stage takes place after the gradual subsidence of the first effects of the concussion, and the patient CASUALTIES. 593 become enabled to respond to questions spoken in a loud tone, when active inflammation of the brain sets in, or begins to develope itself with all its characteristic symptoms, (See Inflammation of the Brain, &c.,) and unless checked, the result will be unfavorable. Treatment.—To remove the immediate effects of concussion of the brain, when not very severe, Arnica is sufficient. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration, or change. If there be an external wound, the injured part may be bathed with a lotion made of ten drops of the tincture, to an ounce of water, twice a day. When, however, the concussion results in inflammation of the brain, or hydrocephalus, which will be indicated by the characteristic symptoms, the same treatment must be pursued, as that described under the head of these diseases. Diet and Eegimen.—After any serious injury to the head, the patient should not be allowed any stimulating liquids for several weeks, he ought also to be kept quiet, and free from excitement of any kind. 2. Concussion or Contusion of the Chest.—When this injury is inflicted, and soreness, or a sensation as if from incipient suppuration, with heat and throbbing is experienced in some particular spot, and there is chilli- ness, fever, restlessness, cough, and spitting of blood; and when sneezing, coughing, or a full inspiration aggra- vates the pain, &c, Aconite and Arnica, may be given in alternation. DOSE.—Of each, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in separate turn biers, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful alternately, every four hours, until decided amelioration or change. Pulsatilla is indicated, when a concussion of the chest is attended by a sensation as if there were an inter- nal excoriation or wound. 51* 594 CASUALTIES. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, give a teaspoonful every six hours, until the patient is better or change. Mercurius is indicated, when there is a continuance or increase of the cough, with expectoration of thick yellow mucus, occasionally streaked with blood. DOSE—The same as for Pulsatilla. Nux vomica is indicated, when the expectoration has a sweetish taste, and is accompanied with difficulty in breathing. DOSE—The same as for Pulsatilla. China is useful, when a degree of delicacy of the chest remains behind after the use of any of the pre- ceding remedies, and when there is a tendency to suffer from shortness of breath, and dry cough and paleness of the face, impaired appetite, restless, and unrefreshing sleep. DOSE—The same as for Pulsatilla. Bryonia is of service, when there is the manifest effects of a shock to the nervous system, with pains in the limbs, &c, produced by making a false step or stumbling. Opium is indicated, when the accident has been accom- panied with fright. Aconite, when accompanied with fainting. Chamomilla, when from extreme pain, convulsions ensue. DOSE.—Of either of the above remedies, the same as directed for Pul- satilla. Sprains. This class of troublesome injuries, are best treated with Arnica, at the commencement, both as an internal remedy, and externally as a lotion. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, maybe taken casualties. 595 daily, and a lotion of ten drops to a half tumbler of water, may be applied externally, three times a day. Ehus tox. may also be regarded a useful remedy; to be used in the same manner as prescribed for Arnica. Bryonia, Pulsatilla, and Euta, are remedies that may be used internally, in the same manner as directed for Arnica, when there is continuance of the pain, attended with heat and aggravation on movement. Strains Strains are generally the effects of over exertion, either of lifting, or of some powerful and sudden exercise. Bryonia is indicated, when there are pricking pains experienced in the back, aggravated from the slightest movement of the arms and trunk. If only partial relief is obtained, Sulphur may be employed to effect or com- plete a cure. Ehus tox. is indicated when headache results from a similar source, or when the pains are confined to the extremities. If this should fail of obtaining complete relief, Calcarea may follow. Veratrum is of service when sickness and great pain in the abdomen are produced by the effects of a strain. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules of Bryonia, in a teaspoonful of water, may be given night and morning, until four doses have been taken, then pause four days, and begin with Sulphur in the same manner. Rhus tox. when indicated may be used the same as Bryonia, and then followed in the same way with Calcarea as prescribed for Sulphur. Veratrum when indicated may be given in the same dose, night and morning, until amelio- ration or change. Wounds There are six varieties of wounds subject to homoeo- pathic treatment: 1. Incised wounds, such as are produced by a sharp sword or knife, and not accompanied by any contusion or laceration, easily healed. 596 CASUALTIES. 2. Lacerated wounds, are those in which the muscular fibres are torn asunder, instead of being divided by a sharp knife; and the edges, instead of being even and regular, are jagged and unequal, and rarely healed without suppuration, and frequently succeded by vio- lent inflammation. 3. Contused or bruised wounds, are those occasioned by some blunt instrument being brought in violent collision with a part of the body. These wounds are sometimes severe and dangerous, being prone to terminate in morti- fication and sloughing. 4. Punctured wounds, are those caused by a pointed instrument. 5. Gun-shot wounds, produced from the shot from a gun, partake both of the character of lacerated and con- tused wounds. 6. Poisoned wounds, are such as are produced by the bite of venomous and rabid animals. Treatment.—The first object to be attained in the treatment of all wounds, is to arrest the hemorrhage. This is to be done by various means, as by the tourniquet, compression, ligature, application of cold water or ice, and astringents. Application.—Cold water or ice may be applied by saturating several folds of linen rags, or lint pads, and applying them to the wound, remoistening and reapply- ing as fast as they become hot, until the local pain and inflammation subsides. Wounds of the arteries are generally the most serious, and may be distinguished by the bright color of the blood, which issues very rapidly in jets, while that which flows from the veins has a dark purple hue, flows smooth and uninterrupted. CASUALTIES. 597 When wounds only implicate vessels of a small size, they cease to bleed spontaneously or as soon as the wound is dressed; but when larger vessels are implicated, the tour- niquet or compression should immediately be resorted to. Arnica and Calendula are employed to arrest hemor- rhage from the mouth, and from fungous tumors and other diseased surfaces; and they may be employed both exter- nally and internally. DOSE._One part of the tincture of Arnica, or Calendula, to sixteen parts of water, will form a lotion with which to saturate linen rags, which may be placed over the wound after the sides of which are drawn together, and secured by wrapping a strip of linen around the injured limb. When considerable hemorrhage takes place after the extraction of a tooth, the best way of suppressing it is by a compress of lint pushed into the socket from whence the tooth has been dislodged. A solution of salt or alum may also have the desired effect. China is indicated when from loss of blood there are severe fainting fits, with deadly paleness of the face, or when the countenance assumes a livid appearance and when there are other signs of great exhaustion from the same cause. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water; give a teaspoonful every hour; if this, proves insufficient to arouse the patient, give a little wine and water, and subsequently Arnica, and China again if necessary. It is further necessary in the treatment of wounds of every description after the bleeding is arrested, to remove all extraneous matter of whatever description, such as sand, splinters, shot, rags, &c, then place the lips of the wound together accurately by bandages, plasters, &e. Deep-seated wounds may suppurate; and under such circumstances it is necessary that they should be dressed with strips of plaster, with sufficient space between the strips to allow the matter to escape. 598 CASUALTIES. Treatment.—The constitutional treatment of wounds of all kinds requires in the commencement the adminis tration of a few doses of Arnica. The patient at the same time should be kept as cool and as free from inquietude and anxiety as possible; he should live moderately, avoid- ing stimulants of every description. If the subject be robust and strong, and the sympathetic fever runs high, a dose of four globules, or one drop of Aconite, in a spoon- ful of water, should be given; and in three hours follow- ed with Arnica, and so on alternately until amelioration ensues. The only local application to relieve pain should be lint dipped in cold water, often moistened. Lacerated Wounds. Wounds of this description should be carefully cleansed; as far as possible "the gaping parts should be brought together, and secured by plasters, and the limb, or body should be placed in the most suitable condition for insuring union, by first intention. The wound may be dressed with lint dipped in cold water, and frequently renewed, if it becomes inflamed and painful. If, on the other hand, the wound suppurates, and becomes intensely painful, cold water must not be used. Chamomilla followed by Hepar sulph., should be administered for the purpose of producing a healing action. Should these fail, Silicea and Sulphur used in alternation, may produce the desired result. (See Ulcers.) DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful morning and evening, for three days; if, however, the second dose has not succeeded in effecting material improvement, proceed with the next remedy. CASUALTIES. 599 Contused Wounds. Bruises. In the treatment of wounds of this description, Arnica must be given internally, and cold water must be applied as "above. When there is considerable extravasation of blood, ten drops of the Tincture of Arnica, in half a tumbler of water, should be applied as a lotion, to pro- mote absorption, and otherwise forward the cure. Ehus tox has been particularly recommended, when the joints, synovial membranes, or tendons become bruised. Ruta is recommended if the membrane sur- rounding the bone becomes injured. If there is blood collected beneath the membrane, it is better to make an incision into the membrane to let it out; or even if there is matter there, causing severe suffering. After which the treatment to be pursued is the same as directed for open abscesses. Arnica may be prescribed internally, when the con- tusion has jammed or squeezed the limb nearly flat, or otherwise disfigured it. China is indicated when gangrene threatens, and the skin has assumed a livid and black appearance. Lachesis and Arsenicum are also remedies to be used under similar circumstances. But under such cir- cumstances, amputation becomes imperative in most cases, and the aid of a competent surgeon becomes necessary. When this operation of amputation has. been performed, the stump should be dressed with lint, and dipped in cold water, Arnica should be given internally; and afterwards Aconite may be employed on the accession of the fever, and the ensuing stages may require Calen- dula, Hepar, Silicea, &c. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy in a table- spoonful of water, every three hours. If no improvement takes place within twenty-four hours, proceed with the next remedy. 600 casualties. Punctured Wounds. The treatment to be pursued in wounds of this description, is the same as for wounds in general. Punctured wounds of the abdomen require the internal administration of Aconite in order to prevent active inflammation, which so frequently follows in such cases. Belladonna is required after Aconite, when symptoms of peritonitis have already made their appearance. DOSE.—One drop or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every three hours. Cure by the first intention must not be attempted, unless compression by means of adhesive plaster, or a bandage, can be effected throughout the entire extent of the puncture. When suppuration ensues, Mercurius, followed by Hepar, may be prescribed. Belladonna, Chamomilla, and Ehus tox. may be found serviceable in the event of excessive local inflammation. Cicuta will be indicated if there are spasmodic twitchings. Belladonna and Ehus tox., if the inflammations partake of an erysipelatous character. Aconite is indicated when the constitutional distur- bance is severe. Arnica, however, will be found sufficient to subdue most of the symptoms, when administered in time. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, one drop, or four globules, in a spoon- ful of water, every three hours, until amelioration, or change. If lock-jaw or tetanus supervene upon a punctured wound, Arnica must be employed, and followed, if required, by other remedies suited to this complaint. (See Tetanus.) casualties. 601 Gunshot Wounds. The treatment of this kind of wounds, is much the ' same as directed for lacerated wounds. A weak solution of Arnica, may be used in preference to cold water, in some instances, at the commencement. When a bullet, or splinters of bone, are lodged in the wound, or any other incongruous substance, they should be removed with as little irritation as possible, if they press on some important viscera, or vital part; but if otherwise, it will for the most part, be better to allow them to remain, especially when deeply seated, or difficult to be found, until loosened by suppuration, which process may be accelerated by the administration of Hepar sulph., Silicea, and Sulphur. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, one drop, or six globules, in a spoon- ful of water, every night and morning, until suppuration takes place. In the event of fever, gangrene, and other difficulties attending gunshot wounds, see what is said of the treat- ment of contused wounds. Amputations.—When a joint is greatly injured, or much of the soft parts, together with the important vessels and nerves are carried away by a gunshot wound, leaving the bone entirely bare; also, in case of destruc- tion of both the soft parts and the bone, or when the bone is shattered and the important vessels lacerated, or when a limb is torn off, or any other serious injury done that renders the prospect of saving the limb hopeless, amputation should be performed. Aconite, according to Dr. Wurzler, is of important service, after any operation of the kind, in removing the pain, and for preventing the fever pertaining to wounds, from making its appearance. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every three hours. 52 602 CASUALTIES. Poisoned Wounds. These wounds are generally produced by the bites of venomous serpents, mad dogs, &c. Treatment.—The usual domestic remedy is radiating heat; the manner of applying it, is by means of a red- hot coal or iron, placed as near the wound as possible without burning the skin, or causing too sharp pain, and the heat should be kept up by a succession of instru- ments heated for the purpose. Care should be taken to limit the action of the heat to the wound, and to continue it till the affections produced by the venom are observed to diminish. " In the case of a bite of a serpent, it will be advisable to take from time to time, a gulp of salt and water, or a pinch of kitchen salt, or of gunpowder, or else pieces of garlic." (Laurie.) If bad effects arise, notwithstanding this, give a wine- glassful of brandy, every five minutes, until the suffer- ings are relieved, and repeat again, should the sufferings recur. Arsenicum should be given, if the shooting pains are aggravated, and proceed from the wound towards the heart, and if the wound becomes bluish, marbled or swollen, and is attended with vomiting, vertigo, and fainting. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, and give every half hour, until there is an amelioration, and then cease until a reappearance of suffering. Belladonna is useful after Arsenicum, when this latter remedy has had no influence. DOSE.—The same as directed for Arsenicum. Phosphoric acid, or Mercurius, will generally prove beneficial in chronic affections arising from the bite of a serpent. DOSE.__One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every night. CASUALTIES. 603 Senega or Arsenicum may prove of service if morbid affections or ulcerations exhibit themselves in conse- quence of a bite from a rabid man or animal; Hydrophobin is also a remedy regarded of some service. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, every three hours. Arsenicum is useful in the treatment of wounds poisoned by the introduction of animal substance in a state of putrefaction, which are frequently inflicted during dissection of diseased bodies. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, every six hours, in a spoonful of water. Preventives against bad effects from poisoned wounds,— application of dry burning heat as soon as the wounds are inflicted. Dislocations. Luxations. Violent pain attends these difficulties. There is swell- ing, distortion of the joints, loss of motion, with an altera- tion in the shape, length and direction of the limb. Treatment.—The first thing necessary is to reduce the dislocation, and this should be done by the surgeon as soon as possible after the injury has been received. Medical treatment.—Arnica and Aconite should be given in alternation if there is excessive pain and inflam- mation ; at the same time a weak solution of the tincture of Arnica should be applied to the affected joint, whether before or after the dislocation is reduced. DOSE.—The same as directed for lacerated wounds. Fractures. The way to determine whether there is a fracture or not, is by the symptoms; if there is pain, swelling, deformity, and sometimes shortening of the limb, loss of power, and crepitation or rubbing of the broken sur faces of bone together on bending the limbs. There are 604 CASUALTIES. several varieties of fractures, all requiring nearly the same medical treatment. 1. Transverse, or immediately across the bone. 2. Oblique, or running from side to side in an oblique direction. 3. Longitudinal, or running lengthwise of the bone. 4. A simple fracture, is one in which the bone is broken without there being at the same time a wound of the soft parts. 5. A compound fracture consists not only of the simple fracture, but in addition an external wound, caused by the protrusion of the bone through the integuments. 6. A complicated fracture involves that of the bone. attended with a wound of a large artery, extensive lace- ration of the soft parts, or with the dislocation of a joint. 7. A comminuted fracture is that in which the bone is broken into several pieces. Treatment.—Whenever it is discovered that a limb is fractured, the patient ought to be placed on a litter of any kind at hand, whether a bed or a board, and removed to the nearest place of shelter; or if not far distant, to his own home. The greatest care should be exercised in lifting or removing the patient from one place to another, or else a simple fracture maybe converted into a compound one, or into a complicated variety from a laceration of the soft parts, &c. In the case of simple fractures the reduction should be effected immediately. One drop, or four globules of Arnica, should be given as soon as the fracture is reduced for the purpose of preventing the invasion of undue inflammation, and of promoting the re-union of the fracture. Ruta has likewise been recom- mended as useful in some cases, used the same as the Arnica. CASUALTIES. 605 Burns and Scalds. (Ambustiones.) The amount of danger arising from burns depends upon several conditions. An extensive scald or burn frequently proves fatal in a short time. The degree of danger to be apprehended from either is to be deter- mined by its depth and extent, its particular seat, the age, temperament and habit of body. Treatment.—When the burn or scald is so slight as only to affect the skin, the injured part held for a couple of minutes to the fire, will effect a cure. Arnica is of great service, in superficial burns. Carbo veg. often relieves, when the pain is excruci- ating. Coffea, when the pain is severe, causing great rest- lessness. DOSE, and Application.—One drop, or six globules, in three spoon- fuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Ten drops of Tincture of Arnica, in two tablespoonfuls of water, may be employed as a lotion, to bathe the injured part, ten minutes after the accident. In severer injuries from burns and scalds, the affected parts may be bathed in heated alcohol, or oil of turpen- tine ; observing to keep the surface moist, and protected from the air. The application of raw cotton is of great service, when the burn extends over a large surface. If there are any blisters, it is well to puncture them, and bathe the affected part with tepid water, and then apply the carded cotton in several layers, (three or four); when suppuration takes place, remove the upper layer only, and substitute fresh. Hepar sulph. is of the greatest service, at the same time. DOSE.—One drop, or one grain, may be dissolved in half a tumbler of water, and a dessertspoonful may be given every twelve hours. 52* 606 CASUALTIES. China will sometimes be found useful after Hepar sulph., when the discharge has been excessive. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, three times a day. Soap is extremely useful in burns, where not only the cuticle, but the true skin has been destroyed; pure white soap is the best for this purpose, but castile or other kinds of soap may suffice. Application.—Place a cake of the soap in the bot- tom of a mug, and fill the mug with hot water, and immediately pour off all the water with the exception of about a tablespoonful; with a common shaving-brush make a thick lather, and spread it upon linen in the form of a plaster; apply it to the injured part, and secure by a bandage. It is well to puncture carefully any blisters, and all loose skin should be removed before the soap is applied. The whole surface of the sore should be covered with soap, and the air carefully excluded; at first, the soap will cause an aggravation of sufferings, but very soon it will afford relief. The plas- ters may be renewed every day, until the injury is com- pletely healed. Urtica urens ointment.—An emollient salve or ointment, having the medicinal properties of the nettle, may be used with great advantage. Application.—Prepare the sore by puncturing the blisters, and removing any folds of dead skin, and then spread the salve on fine linen, and cover the entire sur- face of the sore, excluding the air as before; renew every day, as with the soap. Aconite is essentially serviceable for extensive inflam- mation, with considerable fever, or when the system has received a severe shock 'from fright at the time of the CASUALTIES. 607 injury. Opium is also of use, in case of fright producing any shock at the time. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, every four hours, until better or change. The Tincture of Urtica urens, may be used pre- cisely the same as Arnica. So may Creosote-water, Crocus sativus, &c. Arsenicum, and Nitric acid, are useful after the first stage has passed away. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, morning and evening. Diet and Eegimen.—During the febrile stage of a burn, the diet should be simple. After the fever has passed off, and the burn begins to heal, a more substantial diet, free from condiments, &c, may be employed. Exposure to Heat. (Overheating.) Sometimes in hot weather, over-exertion may cause heat in the head, and flushed face; under such circum- stances it is unsafe to drink cold water, until sufficient time has elapsed for the body to cool off. Aconite will generally afford speedy relief in such cases, and generally prevents the occurrence of other troublesome consequences. Belladonna will be indicated when there is violent headache, with congestion, fever, vomiting, sleeplessness, great anguish, or despair, and a sense of weight at the forehead on bending forward, or on stooping, as if the forehead would burst. Bryonia will be indicated when there is ill humor, and apprehension of some future misfortune; and also when there is headache with loss of appetite; a degree 608 CASUALTIES. of fever, with thirst, or diarrhoea; results from exposure to the sun, or other heat, during exertion. Silicea will be indicated if nausea is the principle symptom that results from exposure to heat. Carbo veg. may be employed against headache from overheating, with weight over the orbits, and pain in the ball .of the eye, in looking at any object intently. DOSE.—Of any of the remedies. Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, until amelioration or change. Stings of Insects The stings of insects, such as bees and wasps, fre- quently produce febrile irritations, and it is found that the smell of the spirits of camphor will speedily alleviate them. Aconite should be administered when there is con- siderable inflammation, with swelling supervening. Arnica should also be employed both internally and externally, as directed for wounds. Should the tongue be the part where the sting is inflicted, as may be the case, the mouth may be rinsed with a solution of a teaspoonful of Tincture of Arnica, in half a tumbler of water. Belladonna and Mercurius viv. may also be em- ployed, if found necessary. DOSE.—For internal administration. One drop, or ten globules, of either, dissolved in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration, or change. Lemon juice, as well as Arnica lotion, may be employed to relieve the pain and itching caused by the bites or stings of gnats. Arnica lotion may also be employed to relieve the effects, where persons have been severely stung by nettles. CASUALTIES 609 Fatigue. Over-exertion will sometimes result in a sensation or feeling as if all the limbs were bruised, the joints being painful; under such circumstances consult the following remedies: Arnica when there is excessive fatigue, and sore feeling and pain on moving about. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, repeated every twenty-four hours, until relieved. Ehus tox. when there are pains in the joints, &c, arising from lifting, or violent physical exertion of any kind. DOSE.—The same as directed for Arnica. China will frequently assist in restoring the strength, when there has been profuse perspiration. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every six hours, until better, or a change. Veratrum is indicated when there is a tendency to fainting from the effects of excessive fatigue. DOSE—The same as for China. Coffea will be found useful when exhaustion has been the result of violent exercise combined with abstinence from food. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every four hours, until better or change. Cocculus is a useful remedy when fatigue occurs after the most trivial exertion, either of body or mind; Veratrum and Calcarea may also be resorted to when Cocculus proves insufficient. DOSE.—The same as for Coffea. When running produces palpitation of the heart, pain in the side and aching in the extremities, Aconite may be employed, or else Bryonia, should the Aconite fail of afford- 610 casualties. ing relief. Arnica will remove a stitch in the side brought on by running. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules of tho selected remedy, in a spoonful of water every six hours, observing to change if no relief is obtained in twenty-four hours. Apparent Death. (Asphyxia.) It is known that individuals sometimes, to all appear- ances, suddenly expire, when in fact there is but a mere suspension of animation; and inasmuch as absolute and sudden death frequently occurs when it might be mis- taken for a suspension of the kind, it is well in all cases where there is the least uncertainty to exercise the great- est care,—to do nothing that may cause death, and not to permit an interment until certain signs of putrefaction become manifest. Apparent death may result,—1st, from hunger; 2d, from a fall; 3d, from suffocation; 4th, from lightning; 5th, from drowning; 6th, from cold or being frozen; 7th, from noxious vapors From hunger.—When an individual has been long without food, and animation has merely become sus- pended in consequence, warm milk may be given repeat- edly, the smallest possible quantity at a time; it may be given drop after drop at first, and gradually increased to a teaspoonful; after a short interval, a small quantity of beef tea and a few drops of wine; after animation has been restored, and the patient has had a sound sleep, a small meal may be given; but it is better that the patient should be fed little at a time, and often, that he may gradually return to his natural mode of living; any deviation from this rule will prove in the highest degree dangerous. From a fall.—When animation becomes suspended from a fall, the patient should be carefully placed upon casualties. 611 a bed in a quiet place, with his head high, and then four globules of Arnica placed on his tongue, and the services of a medical man should be had that he may ascertain whether there is any fracture or signs of life; Arnica may be repeated, and also administered in injec- tions. INJECTION.—To half a tumbler of water add a teaspoonful of Tincture of Arnica. From suffocation, hanging or choking.—If there is a mere suspension of animation from these causes, the same may be restored by removing all tight clothing and placing the patient in a proper position, the head and neck rather high, quite easy and not bent forward; gentle friction may then be employed, and an injection of ten globules, or one drop of Opium, in half a tumbler of water, may be administered very slowly, and repeated every fifteen minutes while gentle friction is applied to the ribs; examine the eyes and see if they contract, or hold a mirror to the mouth to see if the breath dims it; sur- round the patient with warm clothes, place heated bricks to the feet and about the person, if no change is produced in an hour, pound a bitter almond fine, and mix it in a pint of water, and give it in injections, putting a few drops into the mouth or nose. From lightning.—When animation is suspended from lightning, the patient should be placed in a current of fresh air, and cold water should be showered upon the face, neck and breast; warm friction should be applied if the body is cold, and the lungs should be inflated. Nux vomica, four globules, may be placed upon the tongue, and the neck may be rubbed with a solution of one drop of the tincture in a half pint of water. 612 CASUALTIES. From drowning.—To restore animation that has become suspended from drowning. The body should be stripped and rubbed, and wrapped in blankets and placed in a warm bed. The throat, mouth and nostrils should be wiped and cleansed, and then if no reaction takes place, put a few globules of Lachesis upon the tongue, keeping up the rubbing. Should these efforts fail, or should the Lachesis not be at hand, the body may be surrounded with warm appli- cations. A warming pan filled with live coals may be passed up and down the spine; bottles or bladders filled with hot water may be placed about the body; hot bricks may be placed at the pit of the stomach, and at the soles of the feet; use friction, with hot flannels, flour of mus- tard and other stimulants, or in the absence of other means, rub the body briskly with the hand. To restore breathing, close the mouth and one nostril, and introduce the pipe of a common bellows into the other, at the same time carefully drawing down and pushing back the upper part of the windpipe, in order to allow a more free admission of the air; blow the bel- lows gently in order to inflate the lungs, till the chest be a little raised; the mouth and nostrils should then be set free and the chest should be moderately pressed by the hand. Continue this process until there are manifest signs of life. Electricity or galvanism may be of service if obtainable, by passing a current through the chest. These means may be persevered in until the signs of death are unmistakeable. When the patient shows signs of life, a drop of spirits of camphor may be placed upon the tongue, or spirits of hartshorn may be applied to the nostrils, and when he can swollow, small quantities of warm stimulating drink CASUALTIES. 613 may be given, but till then nothing of the kind should be attempted. And finally, let it be well understood, that no time should be lost in the treatment of such cases as the above; avoid all rough usages; never hold up the body by the feet, roll it on casks, nor rub it with salts or spirits, or adopt any other violent measures. From cold, or being frozen.—When animation becomes suspended in consequence of exposure to cold, the patient should be gently removed to a place of shelter, or cool room, as a moderate degree of heat might prove an obstacle to restoration, and he should not be exposed to a draught of air. He may then be well covered with snow, the mouth and nostrils being left free, and be placed in such a position that the melted snow may readily run off, when it must be again renewed. If there is no snow, a bath of very cold water or cold salt water may be substituted, the body being immersed therein for a short time. After which the body should be covered with cloths taken out of cold water, and the whole covered tightly with dry blankets. When every part of the body has lost its rigidity the patient should be properly cared for, and as the parts become pliable they may be rubbed with snow, if it is to be had, until they begin to have a healthy appearance; after which they should be wiped perfectly dry, and rubbed with the naked hand, until vitality appears to be perfectly restored. These measures should be persevered in for several hours, or until it becomes manifest that restoration is impossible. When restoration is effected the pain usually expe- rienced may be alleviated by Carbo veg. or Arsenicum,. 53 614 CASUALTIES. DOSE.—Of a solution of one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every half hour, until a mitigation of the suffer- ings or change. The patient must not be exposed to heat of any kind for considerable length of time after animation has been restored, otherwise serious consequences may be the result. From noxious vapors.—When animation is suspended from such causes, remove the body into a fresh current of air, and dash cold water on the neck, face and breast, observing to keep up external warmth by such means as have been recommended for persons drowned, and also to inflate the lungs. Opium and Aconite must be employed after restoration has been effected. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, of Opium in a spoonful of water, every two hours. If three doses produce little or no effect, proceed with the use of Aconite in the same way. Hydrophobia. This disease, which literally signifies a fear or dread of water, arises in consequence of the bite of a rabid animal, or it may be a symptom arising from some dis- eases of the nervous system. Symptoms.—When it arises from the bite of a rabid animal, the first indications are generally anxiety, uneasi- ness and disturbed sleep. The eyes are glassy, inflamed, and sensitive to light; also ringing in the ears; gid- diness and paleness of the countenance; frequent par- oxysms of chilliness; oppressed respiration; rapid, irregular, small, contracted pulse; a loss of appetite. These symptoms generally occur after the elapse of an indefinite period, and sometimes after the bitten part seems quite well. In the second stage, the wound, which may have already become completely healed, begins to assume somewhat CASUALTIES. 615 of an inflammatory appearance, and a slight pain and heat, at times attended with itching, is felt in it. At this stage, it breaks out afresh, and an ulcer, with elevated maigins of proud flesh, secreting an offensive, dark- colored discharge is afterwards formed, and wandering, drawing, and shooting pains, from the affected part upwards towards the throat, present themselves; these symptoms increase daily; the patient complains of a state of confusion in the head, or giddiness, with sparks before the eyes; is afflicted with sudden startings, spasms, sighing, and is fond of solitude; the pulse is small, irre- gular, and intermittent; the breathing laborious and uneasy; the skin cold and dry, and chilliness generally, though more particularly in the extremities, is complained of; then hiccough, colic, and palpitation succeed; the patient looks wild; the eyes have a fixed, glassy, and shining appearance; the swallowing is obstructed by a sense of pressure in the gullet, which occasionally ren- ders every attempt to swallow liquids ineffectual; con- vulsions take place in the muscles of the face or neck. In this stage, however, the swallowing of solids is per- formed with tolerable ease. In ordinary cases, the patient remains affected in the above manner for a few days, after which the disease passes into the hydrophobic stage, in which it is utterly impossible for him to swallow the smallest drop of liquid; and the moment that any fluid, especially water, is brought in contact with the lips, it causes the patient to start back with horror and dread, although he may be suffering from the most excessive thirst; even anything that tends to remind him of water, produces indescribable anxiety, uneasi- ness, convulsions, and furious paroxysms of madness; he dreads even to swallow his own saliva, which he constantly spits from his mouth. 616 CASUALTIES. Vomiting of bilious matter soon comes on, succeded by intense fever, great thirst, dryness and roughness of the tongue, hoarseness, and fits of delirium, or madness, with disposition to bite and tear everything within reach, followed at intervals by convulsive spasms. These attacks usually last from fifteen to thirty minutes, and when over, the patient is restored to reason, but remains in a state of great despondency, and finally, the paroxysms return more frequently, and in some instances, a fit of furious delirium closes the frightful scene; in others, nature sinks exhausted, after a severe attack of convulsions. The disease may be communicated to the human subject, from the bites of dogs, cats, or other animals of the canine race, which which have been previously innoculated with the virus. It is said by the most reliable authors upon the subject, that the human species are the least susceptible of con- tagion from the hydrophobic virus. Scarcely one out of thirty, of those actually bitten by a rabid animal, suffer from the effects; yet it is necessary to exercise every precaution against the danger. When the bite of a rabid animal occasions no abrasion of the shin, there is not the slightest danger. In the homoeopathic treatment of this disease, and its prevention, the following remedies may be employed, viz: dry or radiating heat, Belladonna, Cantharides, Hyoscyamus, Lachesis, and Stramonium. Belladonna.—This remedy, according to Hahne- mann, given every three or four days, is the most certain preventive against hydrophobia; still, it is well after having been bitten, to apply radiating heat. This should be done by the readiest means at hand ; a red-hot iron, or live coal, placed as near the wound as possible, with- CASUALTIES. 617 out burning the skin, or causing too sharp pain, and the heat should be continued for an hour, or until the patient begins to shiver, and stretch himself. DOSE.—Of Belladonna, one or two globules, dry upon the tongue, every three days, as a preventive; during the time, the patient should be allowed to pursue his regular employment, and his mind should be kept from dwelling upon his misfortune, as much as possible. Cantharides is also useful as a preventive, as well as a curative remedy. Its use is indicated by great dry- ness, and burning in the mouth and throat, much aggra- vated on attempting to swallow; paroxysms of fury, alternating with convulsions, which are renewed by any pressure on the throat or abdomen, and also by the sight of water; fiery redness and sparkling of the eyes, which become prominent and frightfully convulsed; spasms in the throat, excited by the pain produced by the act of swallowing, especially fluids; continually burning, titti- lation, and other irritating sensations, in the lower part of the abdomen. DOSE.—Three globules, placed upon the tongue, or one drop of the dilution, at every threatening of a return of the convulsions, until benefit ensues. Belladonna as a curative, is indicated when there is drowsiness, with ineffectual efforts to sleep, in conse- quence of excessive anguish and great agitation; sense of burning; great burning in the throat, with accumula- tion of frothy mucus in the throat or mouth ; frequent desire for drinks, which are spurned on being presented, or a suffocating or constrictive sensation in the throat on attempting to swallow; inability to swallow; with glow- ing redness, and bloated appearance of the face; pupils immoveable, and generally dilated; great dread; occa- sional desire to strike, spit at, or bite or tear everything; inclination to run away ; continual tossing about; great 53* 618 CASUALTIES physical activity, with twitching in various muscled, especially those of the face; ungovernable fury; foaming at the mouth; and tetanic spasms. DOSE.—The same as for Cantharides. Hyoscyamus is indicated either before or after Bella- donna, where the convulsions are severe, and of long duration, and when there is less inclination to spit or bite, but a desire to injure those near in some manner or other; dread of liquids, on account of the pain of swallowing; spitting out the saliva for the same reason; excessive convulsions, with loss of consciousness, occuring soon after an attempt to swallow; and in other respects for similar symptoms, as detailed under Belladonna. DOSE.—The same as for Belladonna. Stramonium is chiefly indicated when strong convul- sions result from fixing the eye on brilliant objects, or whatever reminds the patient of water; fits of laughter and singing; convulsions severe, attended with un- governable fury; and in other respects, for symptoms similar to those under Belladonna and Hyoscyamus. DOSE,—The same as Cantharides Lechesis may be employed as soon as the convulsions take place. DOSE.—Two or three globules, or one drop, every time the convulsions return, until better, or decided symptoms of medical action make their appearance. Should no benefit result, have recourse to the other remedies. Mental Emotions. As many affections arise in consequence of the control which mental emotions exercise over the human organ- ism, such as fright, anger and grief, we will briefly point out the treatment. Opium is indicated for any affections which have been casualties. 619 brought on by sudden fright, with terror, horror, or fear. It may be used in alternation with Aconite or Ignatia, when necessary. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy, may be dis- solved in half a tumbler of water, and a teaspoonful may be given every three hours; if in alternation, give one three hours after the other, in rotation. Aconite is indicated when the system is laboring under the joint influence of fright and passion, and parti- cularly if there is fever, heat in the head, and headache. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, every four hours. Pulsatilla in cases of fright, fever, and timidity, when the effect is upon the stomach and bowels; cold feet; suitable for sensitive persons. DOSE. —Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in three teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every two hours, until better, or change. Belladonna, when there is particular liability to be startled by trifles, or extreme nervous excitement after a fright, &c. DOSE.—Two globules, repeated if necessary, in four hours. Ignatia for affections caused by grief, or suppressed emotions. DOSE.__One drop, or six globules, repeated every six hours, until amelioration or change. Chamomilla, when the sufferings arise from vexation, or a disposition to irritability, or attended with great anguish and mental depression. DOSE.—The same as directed for Ignatia. Nux vomica for affections arising from sudden fits of passion or rage. Staphysagria for anger and vexation arising from just cause. DOSE—Of either, three globules, repeated every six hours, if necessary 620 CASUALTIES. Arsenicum is indicated for great weakness and pros- tration, arising from a fit of passion. DOSE.__Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in two tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every four hours, until better or change. Bryonia is indicated for coldness and shivering over the whole body; loss of appetite; nausea; vomiting, &c, brought on by a fit of passion. DOSE.—The same as for Nux vomica. Coffea against the ill effects of excessive joy. Hyoscyamus against the injurious consequences of jealousy, or disappointed love. Ignatia and Phosphoric acid for sufferings from unrequited affections. Pulsatilla, Belladonna and Platina against the effects of mortification. Sambucus, when the effects of fear or fright, such as snoring respiration, has failed of being relieved by Opium. DOSE.__Of either. Three globules in a teaspoonful of water, every three hours, until decided amelioration or change. Diet and Eegimen.—When there is feverish excite- ment, let the diet be the same as directed for fevers. If derangement of the digestive organs, (see Indigestion.) WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES. 621 CHAPTEE XIV. WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. Menstruation. Menstruation is a healthy function, and should be unattended with sufferings of any kind; but with the present enervating habits, and the various deleterious influences which prevail, it usually demands the careful attention of the physician. Even in females, otherwise apparently healthy, it may be delayed, or it may be preceded or followed by various sufferings, as spasms, cramps, hysteria, and other complaints. In temperate climates, this secretion usually makes its appearance from the thirteenth to the sixteenth year. In warmer climates, it may appear as early as the ninth, and in colder ones, not earlier than the twentieth. Its healthy continuance is not more than four or five days, though it may continue eight or nine days, or even longer; or it may only show itself for a few hours, at each returning period. It should return regularly every twenty-eight days, and finally cease at about the age of forty-five years, though it may cease earlier, or continue later. This period of cessation is called the change of life, and from the general disturbance of health it is apt to create, it has been sometimes called the dodging period. 622 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Menstruation Obstructed—Delay of the first Menses When the menses do not make their appearance so early in life as is usually expected, if the girl be bright, cheerful and active, if her health appear good, and no derangement is observable, medical interference is unne- cessary and unjustifiable. In such a condition of affairs, the work should be left to nature. But if there are congestions to the head; flushed face; constriction of the chest; palpitations; dulness; sleepi- ness ; if her appearance is melancholic, or stupid, or sad; her countenance pale; if she is slender and feeble, and weak; or bloated, swollen and sluggish; a little atten- tion at this period may save much suffering and expense in after life. The remedies most useful, or most frequently required in these circumstances, are Pulsatilla and Bryonia. Pulsatilla, if she is of slender make; feeble habit; pale countenance; mp.d disposition; inclined rather to weep than to be angry or fretful; and is always better when in the open air. Bryonia, if the face is flushed; the head feels full; the nose bleeds frequently; inclined to be costive; and if there be symptoms of congestion to the head and chest, with constriction and palpitation of the heart. ADMINISTRATION.—Give either of the above remedies, according to their indications, a dose, either in powder or in solution, every morning, for one week ; if the symptoms abate, wait a week without medicine, and afterwards give Sulphur, a powder every morning, one week ; if not better, apply to a physician, or see the article Chlorosis, which follows, for other medicines and their indications. Eegimen.—Fresh air, moderate exercise and a simple diet, are of the utmost importance to persons in this condition. Bathing when rising in the morning or re- or, diseases of women. 623 tiring at night, avoiding exposures to night air, damp- ness, cold or wet feet, and strictly observing the homoeo- pathic regulations as to diet, &c, will greatly facilitate the recovery. Chlorosis.—(Green Sickness. Emancio Mensium.) When in addition to the delay of the first menses, and the symptoms above enumerated, such as weariness, languor and debility, the patient becomes emaciated, face pale, lips blanched, or with flushes of heat and red- ness, depraved appetite, with longing for such innutri- tious substances as chalk, &c, and the appearance is as of one going into a decline; the condition has received the name of Green Sickness, or Chlorosis. In this affec- tion there is sometimes cough, which may be harsh and dry, or with expectoration, bloody or in clots. Bowels irregular, confined or relaxed; abdomen distended, and with borborygmus or flatulence, especially after eating, and in the evening; limbs frequently swollen and cold; headache, short breath and palpitation of the heart. Eemedies.—Bryonia, Calcarea carb., Ferrum, Natrum muriaticum, Plumbum, Pulsatilla, Sepia and Sulphur. Bryonia, for congestions to the head or chest; harsh, dry cough; coldness and shiverings, or dry, burning heat; constipation or colic; pressure in the stomach, as from a stone; bitter taste; yellow, coated tongue; and with bleeding at the nose. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, morning and evening. Calcarea carb., in the worst cases, and after the fail- ure of other remedies, when the limbs are swollen and the difficulty of breathing great; afterwards Frrum, to prevent a relapse; especially if after Calcarea the pale 621 women and their diseases; and sickly look continue; or give Calcarea and Sulphur, in alternation, in case of tuberculous diathesis, with cough. DOSE.—Of either, the same as for Bryonia. Ferrum, if after Calcarea the pale and blanched ap- pearance of the countenance continue; with debility, want of appetite, nausea. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, morning and evening. Lycopodium, along with or after Calcarea, when there is obstinate constipation; extreme languor; also if there is a tubercular tendency, with cough. DOSE.—The same as for Ferrum. Natrum muriaticum, in obstinate cases, with habit- ual constipation; and if the sufferings appear periodi- cally. Plumbum, in obstinate cases, with swelling of the limbs or of the abdomen; and when there is no organic disease. DOSE.—Of either, the same as for Ferrum. Pulsatilla, when chlorosis is accompanied with derangement of the stomach, and frequent semilateral headaches; shooting pains to the head and teeth; shift- ing from side to side; aching in the forehead, with pres- sure at the crown of the head; difficulty of breathing, with suffocative sensations, palpitations, or sudden heats; diarrhoea and leucorrhoea; pains in the loins, with sense of weight; spasms in the stomach; nausea or vomiting; hunger, with dislike to food, or want of appetite; peri- odical expectoration of dark coagulated blood; swelling of the feet and ankles; with fatigue, especially in the legs; cold hands and feet, or with alternate heats. DOSE—One drop, or six globules, morning and evening, in a spoonful of water, until amelioration or change. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 625 Sepia, after Pulsatilla, or if there be disposition to hysteria; sallow complexion; dark or yellowish spots on the face; colic and pains in the limbs as if bruised DOSE.—The same as for Pulsatilla. Sulphur, pressive and tensive pains in the back of the head and nape of the neck, or pulsative pains with determination of blood to the head; humming in the head; pimples on the forehead; voracious appetite; sour and burning eructations; pressive fulness and heaviness; bowels irregular; pain in the loins; fainting; excessive fatigue in the limbs; difficulty of breathing; great depres- sion, especially after talking; emaciation, irritability. sadness, melancholy, weeping; tendency to take cold; enlargements of the abdomen occurring at this period have been cured by Lachesis, and also by Apis mel. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, may be dissolved in a spoonful of water, and taken every twenty-four hours, until a change. The diet and regimen to be observed in chlorosis is the same as for menstruation obstructed which see. Tardy Menstruation. After menstruation has become established it may show itself less frequently than the usual periods, or be delayed considerably beyond the twenty-eight days. In such cases avoid all stimulating beverages, all highly seasoned dishes, all malt or other liquors, and all quack medicines. Strengthen the system by exercise, keep the feet dry and warm, and the head cool, the mind cheerful and happy, pay every proper attention to cleanliness, diet, &c, and take one of the following remedies: Arse- nicum, Bryonia, Belladonna, Cocculus, Cuprum, Lachesis, Lycopodium, Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, Sulph. acid., Sepia and Veratrum. 54 626 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Arsenicum is suitable for cases attended with weak- ness, swellings, paleness, and sensations of heat or burn- ijgs, and if the sufferings are intermittent. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water and give a teaspoonful morning and evening, until amelioration or change Belladonna, if whilst the menses are frequently delayed, they are copious when they do occur; deter- mination of blood to the head; redness of the eyes; intolerance of light; giddiness; full bounding pulse; bleeding at the nose. DOSE.—The same as for Arsenicum. Bryonia.—Bleeding at the nose instead of the menses; or with congestions of the head or chest; constipation. DOSE.—The same as for Arsenicum, except repeat three times a day. Cocculus, given every alternate four days, when there are nervous symptoms; contracting, pinching pains in the pelvic region; oppressed respiration; scanty dis- charge, black or very dark; weakness, agitation, sighing, groaning, scarcely able to speak. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful every six hours, for four days, and then wait four days, without medicine. Cuprum for spasms, or if they are threatening; nausea; vomiting; cramps in the calves, with screaming; also, for convulsions. DOSE.—The same as for Bryonia. Lachesis, when there is bloatedness; fulness; cold- ness of the extremities; worse after sleeping, and after Pulsatilla. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, and administer the same as rlirected for Arsenicum. Lycopodium for costiveness, in tuberculous cases; and when Bryonia, Lachesis, or Pulsatilla fail, after these remedies. DOSi —The same as for Arsenicum. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 627 Phosphorus for females of light and delicate form, with weak chest, lively disposition, and predisposed to coughs and lung diseases; or if, instead of the menses, there be expectoration of blood. DOSE.—The same as for Arsenicum. Pulsatilla.—Pains low down in the abdomen, and across the small of the back; giddiness; fulness about the head; headache, with nausea; paleness, with flushes of heat; coldness of the hands and feet, or general cold- ness ; roaring in the ears; partial deafness; sour taste after eating; nausea and vomiting; loss of appetite; desire for acids; palpitations; soreness of the breast; crying and laughter; sadness and melancholy ; and dis- inclination for active exercise. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water, give a teaspoonful every four hours,'until amelioration or change. Sepia, after Pulsatilla or Arsenicum, and in similar cases; also, when there are eruptions or tetters; or if the patient is subject .to a yellowish leucorrhoea. DOSE.—The same as for Pulsatilla. Sulphur at the close of the treatment; or if there be heat in the head; giddiness; palpitation of the heart ; shortness of breath; loss of appetite; nausea after eat- ing ; sleepiness ; emaciation; or mental depression. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every morn ing each alternate week. Suppression of the Menses. (Amenorrhea. Usually caused by some sudden exposure; wetting the feet; strong mental emotions,—as fright; or it may occur in diseases of the lungs, fiver, uterus, &c.; in which case, it is only symptomatic, and will subside with the original affection. Suppression from sudden incidental 628 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; causes, will generally be relieved by Aconite and Pulsa- tilla, four or six doses of each, taken at intervals of twenty-four hours. If not Aconite, Belladonna, Bryonia, China, Graphites, Kali carbonicum, Sepia, Sulphur, and Veratrum, should be consulted. Aconite, if the suppression arise from fright; conges- tion to the head or chest; redness of the face; throbbing or acute pains in the head; at times, delirium or stupor; sick stomach and fainting. If Aconite does not afford relief, or the relief be partial, give Opium. If there be nausea, give Veratrum; and if long continued constipa- tion, Lycopodium. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in four tablespoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful every six hours, until amelioration or change Bryonia, if there be swimming in the head; heavi- ness with pressure towards the forehead; aggravated by stooping ; pains in the chest; dry cough; bitter or sour eructations; pain in the pit of the stomach after eating; rising of food; pains in tfie small of the back; and also, pains in the lower part of the abdomen, of a drawing character; constipation. DOSE.—Tn all respects as for Aconite. Belladonna after Aconite, if there are congestions to the head ; bleeding at the nose; and when Aconite is not sufficient. DOSE and Adminlstration._The same as for Aconite. China may be useful in chronic cases, and for debili- tated subjects. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, morning and evening, in a spoonful of water. Graphites, for persons subject to eruptive diseases, and with pain in the ovarian region. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, every twenty-four hours, in a spoon- ful of water. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 629 Kali carbonica.—Paleness of the face, alternating with redness; palpitation of the heart; difficulty of breathing; and if there is a tendency to erysipelatous eruptions. DOSE.—The same as for China. Pulsatilla will usually afford relief, especially if the suppression result from a chill; or if there be headache confined to one side; pains shooting to the face, ears, and teeth; palpitation of the heart; flushes of heat; nausea; vomiting; pressure in the lower part of the abdomen; frequent desire to pass water; leucorrhcea; with inclination to melancholy or tears. DOSE.—The same as for Aconite, after which it is often suitable. Sepia, for women of delicate constitution; sallow complexion, or with yellowish spots on the skin; ner- vous headache, worse in the morning; toothache; giddi- ness ; melancholy and sadness; pain in the limbs, as if beaten; frequent colic; pain in the loins; nervous debility; delicacy, and tenderness of the skin; or with tendency to herpetic congestions; pains in the head with nausea and vomiting. DOSE—The same as for China. Sulphur, if there be pressive headache, chiefly in the occiput, extending to the nape of the neck; or one-sided headache; or pain over the eyes, with heat and throbbing; heaviness; confusion; giddiness; dimness of sight; bluish circle around the eyes; pimples in the face; disposition to hemorrhoids; constipation, with ineffectual efforts at stool; or loose, slimy evacuations; spasms in the abdo- men; numbness in the limbs; pains in the loins; fatigue and weakness; irritability, or disposition to melancholy. (See also Tardy Menstruation.) DOSE—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, everv • wenty-four hours. 54* 630 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Diet and Eegimen.—For each of the above enume- rated conditions of the menses, the hygienic treatment should be essentially the same. All sources of physical or mental depression should be carefully avoided, and all undue excitation, either of the physical or mental powers; late hours; loss of sleep; night air, and exposure to dampness, or wet feet; also sleeping too long, especially too late in the morning; lying upon feather beds, especially with the head covered during sleep, or in too close apartments; breathing impure air; hot and crowded rooms; exciting or depressing passions or emotions; and all stimulating drinks, all highly seasoned food, all spices, perfumery, and strong aromatic sub- stances, must always be highly injurious. The patient should have a reasonable supply of good and wholesome food, and it should always be taken at regular intervals. The stomach should never be over- loaded, and the food should not be in too great a variety. Coarse bread, (or Graham bread,) wheat and Indian bread, or bread made of oatmeal; potatoes, tomatoes, ripe fruit, if they agree, either raw or cooked, and taken in moderation; milk and cream, soft boiled eggs, with a little butter and salt, will form the principal articles of diet. A small piece of beef or mutton, once each day, at dinner, may be allowed. The drink should be water, black tea, cocoa, or chocolate, homceopathically prepared; but on no account should green tea, coffee, beer, or mineral water, or any of the stimulating or effervessing drinks be permitted. ✓ OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 631 Menstruation too soon or too frequent. If the menses appear too early, that is, too frequently, say every two or three weeks, the irregularity may arise from a variety of causes, and the treatment should generally be commenced with one of the following remedies. Belladonna, Calcarea carb., Ipecacuanha, Natrum mur., Nux vomica, Platina, and Sulphur. Belladonna, if there be pains in the head, with heat; flushed face, and cold feet; profuse menses, with bearing- down pains; and pressure outward; and especially if there be dryness of the throat. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every two hours, four doses, afterwards every six hours, until alleviation or change. Calcarea carb., for persons of relaxed muscular fibre; weak, cachectic, or plethoric; subject to menor- rhagias, diarrhoeas, or blenorrhoeas, with pain in the abdomen; and also in scrofulous subjects. It should never be given to persons of strong, nervous fibres, and when the menses are deficient. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in a spoonful o water, every morning for four days, then wait four days. Useful afte Belladonna. Ipecacuanha, for passive hemorrhages, where feeble ness, dulness, nausea, and coagulated discharges prevail DOSE.—The same as Belladonna. Nux VOMICA, when the menses are too early, whether too scanty or too profuse; and when there are spasms, colic, nausea, faintness, dragging sensations; or sensation? of weight, or pressure at the epigastrium; fulness, 01 bloatedness, or sensations of soreness or pain, as from a bruise; with drawing sensations, extending to the thighs, and pressure outward. 632 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every two hours through the afternoon; giving at the same time, a dose of Calcarea carb., or of Sulphur, in the morning when the above symytoms are present, will always effect a cure. Natrum mur., for symptoms similar to Nux vomica; and also if there be shiverings, or sensations of para- lysis, with intermittent sufferings; headache; moroseness; sadness; cramps; and drawing, cutting, and contractive pains. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, may be given every six hours, a spoonful two days;after or in alter- nation with Ipecacuanha or Nux vomica; or it may be given in chronic cases, a drop in a spoonful of water, every morning, for four days, then omit four days, and repeat again so long as may be necessary to complete the cure. Menstruation too Profuse. When menstruation is excessive or continuous, longer than usual, attended with pains in the back, loins and abdomen, resembling labor pains, the medicines most suitable are Calcarea carb., China, Chamomilla, Crocus, Ignatia, Ipecacuanha, Nux vomica, Platina, Sabina and Sulphur. China, for too copious or long-continued discharge, and after the use of other remedies; debility. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water. Give a spoonful every two hours, or for the subsequent debility, every six hours until amelioration, or change. Chamomilla, when the discharge is dark colored and clotted, with griping pains, extending from the small of the back towards the abdomen; thirst; coldness of extremities and fainting; also after Nux vomica. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every two hours, for twelve hours, six doses ; if no change within the next twelve hours select some other remedy. Crocus, when the discharge is dark colored, clotted or viscid; very copious, and returning too early. DOSE.—The same as Chamomilla. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 633 Ignatia, when it continues too long, attended by yawning and hysterical symptoms. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every four hours, until a change is effected, or some other remedy selected. Ipecacuanha, flooding of bright red blood after labor, repeated every three, six or twelve hours; also in all severe cases it may be fbe first remedy administered, unless there are strong reasons to the contrary. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, should be given every two hours in extreme cases, in those less urgent every six or twelve hours, until a change is effected. After Ipecacuanha, Nux vomica or Arsenicum, may frequently be found useful. Nux vomica, when too copious and early, continuing too long, stopping and returning frequently; for those making use of coffee and other stimulants; spasms in the abdomen ; pains in the limbs; nausea; fainting; rest- lessness, and angry mood. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every four hours, from three o'clock in the afternoon, four doses, after Ipecacuanha, and to be followed by Chamomilla, if relief be not obtained. Platina, when too profuse, and consisting of thick, dark colored blood; attended with bearing down pains; venereal and general excitability. DOSE.—The same as Ignatia. Sabina, for plethoric, robust persons, liable to mis- carry ; discharge profuse, bright red color, with rheumatic pains in head and limbs; pain in the loins and weak- ness. DOSE.—The same as Chamomilla. Sulphur and Calcarea, after the failure of other remedies, and given two or three times during the inter- vals, (allowing ten or twelve days to elapse between the doses,) may be found successful. Eest in a horizontal posture is in most severe cases imperative. 634 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Menstruation painful.—Menstrual Colic— (Dysmenorrhcea.) This may occur either with scanty or profuse menstrua- tion, or the function may appear otherwise healthy, and be attended with severe pains. The most useful remedies are Belladonna, Chamomilla, Pulsatilla, Nux vomica, Lachesis, Coffea, Cocculus, Caus- ticum and Yeratrum. Belladonna.—Pain in the back and lower abdomen, as if the parts would fall out; congestion of blood to the head; confusion of sight; frightful visions; disposition to bite; screams; redness and puffiness of the face; ineffectual efforts for stool, with much straining; and especially in profuse menstruation. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, in ten spoonfuls of water, (or six globules ;) give a spoonful every quarter hour, for two hours. If not better, select another remedy. Chamomilla.—Pains like labor pains ; pressure from the small of the back downwards and forwards; colic, with sensitiveness to the touch, and discharge of blood, dark colored and coagulated. DOSE.—The same as Belladonna. Coffea.—Colic, with sense of fulness and pressure; violent spasms; grinding of the teeth; wringing of the hands, screaming and groaning; nervous excitement; delirium; coldness, numbness and stiffness; difficulty of breathing, and groaning. DOSE.—The same as Belladonna. Cocculus. — Spasms; cramps; flatulency; nausea; faintness, and pressive colic. DOSE.__One drop of the dilution, or six globules, i» four spoonfuls of water ; give a spoonful ^very half hour. Causticum.—Cutting pains in the small of the back; spasms; hysterical symptoms; with yellow complexion. DOSE.—The same as Cocculus. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 635 Lachesis.—If there be diarrhoea, with violent tenes- mus, usually commencing before and continuing after the menses. DOSE.—Give a drop of the dilution, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, after every discharge of diarrhoea. Nux vomica.—Writhing pains in the abdomen, with nausea; pains in the back and loins as if dislocated; sense as if bruised even in the bones; spasms and prick- ing pains, or paroxysms of pressing and drawing pain; sensation of distension as if the abdomen would burst; frequent desire to pass water; most useful in menorrhagia DOSE, and Administration.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be given every half 'lour, commencing at two o'clock in the afternoon, after giving Chamomilla or Belladonna in the morning. Pulsatilla.—Feeling of heaviness as if from a stone in the lower abdomen, with violent pressure even in the small of the back, and a sensation of drawing and numb- ness extending down the thighs, especially when in a sitting posture ; pressure in the rectum, ineffectual efforts for stool; inclination to pass water; useful in amenor- rhoea and scanty menses; and if the symptoms change frequently, or the pain move from place to place. Veratrum.—Menstrual colic with nervous headache; nausea and vomiting; coldness of the extremities; weak- ness, faintness, or fainting fits, and diarrhoea. DOSE.—Of Pulsatilla or Veratrum, one drop, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every fifteen minutes, four doses if no ehange takes place in four hours, select some other remedy. Cessation of the Menses. Change of Life. Menstrual Climacterae. (Menoposia.) Whilst this change is in progress there is usually more or less disturbance of the general health, such as vertigo; headache; flushes of heat; paleness and debility; nervous- ness ; irregularity in the urinary discharges; pains in the 636 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; back and loins, extending down the thighs, with creep- ing sensations; heat in the lower part of the abdomen, and occasional swelling of the extremities; piles, and violent itchings of the private parts. Usually this change approaches gradually; the menses at first become irregular, either at longer or shorter inter- vals, the quantity discharged also being either greater or less than formerly. The fluid may be mixed with mucus, or the flow may come on suddenly, continue for a short period, and then stop as suddenly. It may even be so profuse as to amount to a hemorrhage. Occasionally it gradually ceases without being attended with any unplea- sant symptoms, and after it entirely ceases the health may become better than it had ever been before. The most important remedies are Pulsatilla and Lachesis. Administration. —First give Pulsatilla, one drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water; a spoonful each evening four days, then omit all medicine four days, then give Lachesis in the same manner. If the symp- toms abate, wait whilst the improvement continues ; if not, repeat the medi- cines as before. Other remedies are Aconite, Apis mellifica, Arsenicum, Bryonia, Cocculus, Ipecacuanha, Ignatia, Sepia and Sul- phur, which should be administered the same as Pulsa- tilla and Lachesis. Proper attention should be paid to diet, clothing, exercise, &c. All stimulants should be avoided; exercise in the open air and bathing will be found advantageous. The clothing should be warm and comfortable, and all sudden changes avoided. Aconite if there is vascular excitability; humming in the ears, or beatings, with roarings and. whistlings; quick pulse ; nervous excitability, and weeping ; or fret- ful, desponding ideas about herself; or vacilation of spirits and feelings. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 637 DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, dissolved in six spoonfuls of water, may be given, every four hours a spoonful, two days, or until the vascular excitement ceases; after which select another remedy. Apis mellifica, if dropsical symptoms supervene, or if there be swelling or bloatedness, and congestions, with derangements of the urinary secretions. DOSE.—The same as Lachesis. Arsenicum, when the change is succeeded by metor- rhagia; when dropsy is also threatened; or if conges- tions of the liver and spleen, asthmatic symptoms, general debility, and nervous prostration, accompany the change. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water ; give a spoonful every six hours. After Ipecacuanha or Bryonia, should those medicines have been previously indicated. Bryonia, if there is congestion of tke lungs or chest, with pleuritic symptoms, or dyspepsia, distension of the abdomen, pains and soreness in the region of the spleen, and if there is a tendency to dropsical effusion. DOSE.—The same as Aconite, and repeat at intervals of one or two weeks. Cocculus, for spasms in the hypogastrium, with bihous nausea and vomiting; rumbling, as of wind in the abdomen ; eructations ; cramps ; convulsions; para- lysis ; numbness, especially if it be transient or partial; and if there be a sense of emptiness, or vacuity, with want of vital energy, after which give Sulphur, or Arsenicum. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every half hour, during a severe attack, or every six hours in milder cases, two days, to be repeated after four or eight days, if necessary. 55 638 women and their diseases; Hysterics. (Hysteria.) Unmarried ladies between the ages of fifteen and thirty-five, are most subject to attacks of hysteria. They usually occur about the menstrual period. The symptoms are, anxiety, depression, and weeping; difficulty of breathing; palpitations, and nausea; gene- rally pain in the left side, passing upward to the throat, with sensation of a ball in the throat; suffocation; stupor; insensibility; spasmodic clenching the teeth; the body twisted about or becoming rigid; and the limbs stiff or convulsed. There are fits of laughing, crying, or screaming, incoherent talking, and foaming at the mouth, and hiccough. Or an attack may commence with violent spasmodic pain in the back, extending to the sternum, or becoming fixed at the stomach pit; with clammy perspiration; pale, death-like countenance; coldness of the extremities; and weak, almost impercep- tible pulse. The attack usually passes off with eructa- tions, sighing, and sobbing, followed by a sense of soreness of the whole body. It is frequently excited by sudden emotions; a predisposition to it may be stimu- lated by an inactive life, the frequent use of stimulants or cathartics, depressing conditions of mind, &c. Eemedies.—Coffea, Cocculus, Cuprum, Ignatia, Lache- sis, Platina, Pulsatilla. Coffea.—Spasms, with jerking, agitation, screaming, or crying, cold perspiration, &c. DOSE.—Give a teaspoonful in water, every fifteen minutes, until relief is afforded. Cocculus or Cuprum, for general spasms, with clench- ing of the jaws, foaming at the mouth, &c. If relief be not obtained, give Veratrum. Ignatia, for hysteria attended with nausea and OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 639 fainting; chilliness; paleness of the face; dimness of sight; intolerance of light and noise; shrieking for help, and suffocative constriction of the throat; difficulty of swallowing; heat of the body; distension ofthe abdomen, with hardness; twisting drawing, and pressing pains; yawning and stretching; the fit terminating with a deep sigh; scanty and difficult menses. DOSE.—Of Cocculus, Cuprum, or Ignatia. One drop ofthe dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every ten or fifteen minutes during the spasms, afterwards every two or four hours, to prevent their recurrence, for a few days. Pulsatilla, for persons excessively chilly, or inclined to tears, or to alternate tears and laughter; silent melan- choly; very sensitive, with nervous paroxysms; and if there is suppression of the menstrual flow. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every half hour, four doses; afterwards every two to four hours, until perfect relief is afforded. Other remedies which may be indicated, are Asafcetida, especially if the fits proceed from some morbid irritation in the abdomen, affecting the uterus; if there be bloatedness, fulness, and tension; and if the globus hystericus be a prominent characteristic of the fit, the unpleasant sensations appearing to arise from within; involuntary twitchings and jerkings; irregular and intermittent affections; sensations of numbness, and heaviness, in different parts of the body; or spasmodic distress for breath, as if from asthma; with fulness, bloatedness, and choking sensations. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every fifteen minutes, for four doses ; afterwards every two hours, until the above symptoms are controlled. Aurum. — Hysterical spasms; alternate tears and laughter; morbid sensibility; religious melancholy des- 640 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; pair; oppression at the chest, almost to suffocation; with a fine eruption around the lips, face, and forehead. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every half hour; after the fit every four or six hours, to prevent a recurrence. Belladonna may be given, if, during the fit, the face is red and tinged, the veins of the neck swollen, and symptoms of determination of blood to the head. DOSE.—The same as Aurum. Conium.—Hysteric fits, if accompanied with chilliness; menstrual suppression; acrid leucorrhoea, with colic; induration of the os uteri; spasms, with trembling of the hmbs; excessive irritability, with weakness; pulsations in the carotids, globus hystericus, anxiety and tears. DOSE.—The same as Aurum. Moschus.—Syncope, or fainting fits, with but little excitement of the muscles, or of the arterial system ; or if there are spasms and convulsions, especially at the pit of the stomach, and in the thorax; indefinite pains; general sensation of coldness; great desire for brandy, or for beer; nymphomania. DOSE.—The same as of Asafcetida. Nux Moschata.—Muscular spasms, alternated with debility; sudden changes; hysteric laughter; vertigo ; rigidity and insensibility; distension of the stomach and abdomen after eating; menses retarded, with headache, pain in the back, languor, pain at the stomach pit, water- brash ; menses thick and dark, or with vicarious leucor- rhoea. DOSE.—The same as Asafcetida. Secale.—Convulsions, with frequent changes of the mind and body; alternate laughing and crying; depres- sion of spirits and despondency, with thoughts of self- OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 641 destruction; spasms of the bladder; retention of urine, with frequent and violent efforts; menses profuse. DOSE.—One drop ofthe dilution, or six globules may be given in four spoonfuls of water, every half hour a spoonful, until four spoonfuls are taken; afterwards every six or twelve hours, according to the symptoms. Veratrum, for hysterical spasms from fear, rage or fright; spasmodic clenching of the jaws; coldness of the extremities; convulsive jerkings, with numbness or stiff- ness ; syncope or fainting from the least movement; cold perspiration on the forehead, or coldness and heat in different parts ; grinding of the teeth. DOSE.—The same as of Asafcetida. Hysteria is a very frequent attendant upon such dis- orders as Chlorosis, Amenorrhoea, Menorrhagia, &c, for the treatment of which see those articles. See also Tetanus and Lockjaw of Infants. If violent spasmodic hiccough prevails, give Bella- donna or Nux vomica, a dose every fifteen minutes in water, four doses, or give those remedies in alternation. Treatment.—During the fit, place the patient in an easy posture, with a free access of cool air; remove every thing tight from around the body, especially from the waist and throat, and sprinkle the face with cold water. A predisposition to hysteric fits may generally be overcome by the administration of some of the foregoing remedies, or by remedies adapted to some morbid condi- tion upon which hysteria is nearly always dependent. For further information consult a physician. Leucorrhoea. Whites. (Whitish discharge from the Vagina.) This discharge is at first usually slight, and unattended by any unpleasant sensation; but if neglected it com- monly increases in quantity, till it becomes excessive and 55* 642 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; very troublesome;) the general health suffers, the appetite fails, the pulse becomes weak; pains in the back and loins, lowness of spirits and debility ensue. At times the sight is affected, the eyes become dull and heavy, or surrounded with a livid or yellowish circle, or the face pale and bloated. The discharge also at times becomes greenish, yellow- ish, dark brown, or almost black, or like dirty water, and is attended by painful excoriations and ulcers in the parts. The exciting causes are numerous. Inatten- tion to cleanliness, strains, the frequent use of debilitating or stimulating medicines, falling of the womb, excessive sexual indulgence, and the use of pessaries, &c, are among the principal. It is frequently at first a catarrhal affection, and like all other catarrhs is liable to become chronic. In scrofulous, psoric or syphilitic patients, it is most obstinate and troublesome. Eemedies.—Calcarea carb., Causticum, Cocculus, Na- trum mur., Pulsatilla, Sepia and Sulphur. Calcarea carb., for lymphatic females of light com- plexion, who have too copious and too frequent men- struation ; the leucorrhoea is of a milky appearance, worse immediately before the menses, and often attended with itching and burning, or with pains shooting through the parts, and with falling of the womb. DOSE.—Of Calcarea, one drop or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every morning, one week, after which omit all medicine one week. Causticum.—Profuse leucorrhoea, having the odor of the menses, flowing mostly at night, with pain in the back and loins, and excoriation. DOSE.—The same as Calcarea. Cocculus.—Leucorrhceal discharge during pregnancy, mixed with blood, or like water in which meat had been OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 643 washed; colic and flatulency, or leucorrhoea, immedi- ately before and after menstruation. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, a spoon- ful every six hours, four days, after which wait four days, or select another remedy. Natrum muriaticum.—Discharge copious, transparent, whitish and thick ; mild or acrid ; yellow complexion ; with headache; diarrhoea, with slimy evacuations ; colic, and intermittent sufferings. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every morning. Pulsatilla, in a majority of cases, especially if the discharge is thick, like cream; or corrosive, with itchings, taking place either before, during, or after menstruation; or if caused by fright; or in young girls, who have not menstruated. DOSE.—One drOp, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, a spoon- ful every six hours, four days, afterwards, every night at bed time two weeks; if no alleviation, give Sulphur, and repeat the remedy. Sepia.—Discharge yellow, or greenish, or foetid, and sometimes with excoriations; bearing down pains; fre- quent desire to pass water; swelling of the abdomen; and yellow color of the skin. DOSE—The same as Pulsatilla. Sulphur, for inveterate cases, the discharge corrosive and burning; or preceded by colic; also, when it follows suppressed eruptions or ulcerations. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given in the morning, for one week; after which, wait one week, then select a remedy for the remaining symptoms. Falling of the Womb. (Prolapsus Uteri.) Symptoms.—Bearing down, dragging sensations, in the lower part of the abdomen ; drawing from the small of the back, and around the loins and hips; pressure 644 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; low down, towards the private parts; weakness, soreness, and faintness, often at the pit of the stomach ; numbness of the lower limbs; frequent desire to pass water; ner- vousness, &c; all these symptoms aggravated to a great degree by a long walk, by severe exercise or labor, by lifting, or by carrying any weight. Of the exciting causes, getting up too soon after confinement, and engaging in too laborious employments at that time, is one of the most common; next to this, perhaps, the weakening effects of cathartics and other drugs; tight lacing; the injudicious application of the bandage, by ignorant mid wives; injuries from overlifting, strains, &c, are also frequent causes, and also large doses of ergot, and other allopathic drugs. The remedies are, Aurum, Belladonna, Calcarea carb., Nux vomica, and Sepia. ADMINISTRATION.—Give a dose of Nux vomica, at three o'clock, and another at bedtime, daily, for four days; if not better, give Aurum, in the same manner, and then return again to Nux vomica. If better, wait four days without medicine and afterwards givs Calcarea. Or, if it be attended with a yellowish leucorrhoea, give Sepia, one powder each day four days. Continue this alternation four weeks, and afterwards give Calcarea carbonica. The following pathogenic indications will generally be found useful. Arnica should always be given if the prolapsus be the result of a contusion, or blow, or kick; also Arnica or Rhus tox. if from a strain or wrench, as in lifting; and if there be a discharge of blood from the uterus; spasmodic retention or involuntary ernission of urine; abdomen hard and swollen, with flatulence, colic, and ischuria. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every six hours, or oftener, for one or two days, until the above symptoms are modified. Aurum.—Prolapsus, with induration of the womb; dejection of spirits; melancholy; sensitiveness to pain; OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 64o heaviness or weight in the abdomen; hands and feet cold like ice, and dyspeptic symptoms. DOSE.— One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every six hours, two days; afterwards, give a drop, or six globules, every morning for one week, if necessary, follow with Nux vom. and return in a few weeks, or after the next monthly period to Aurum, in the same manner. Belladonna.—Pressure as from a heavy load in the hypogastrium, or as if all the contents of the abdomen would fall out, especially if usual early in the morn- ing, or if worse in the morning; distension of the abdo- men ; heaviness even in the thighs, with weakness; drawing pains all about the pelvis, or lower part part of the abdomen; cramp-like pain low down at the extremity of the spinal column; leucorrhoea and menorrhagia; excessive sensibility and irritability, especially if aggra- vated by the slightest touch; tenesmus of the rectum; spasms, and even convulsions. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every two hours in acute cases; in less severe cases, every six or twelve hours, until a change is effected, or another remedy selected. Calcarea carb.—Often after Belladonna, especially if there be relaxation of the system in scrofulous subjects; weariness; desire to urinate when walking, with inability or difficulty in retaining the urine or faeces; too profuse and too frequent menstruation; and weakness of the mus- cular system, whether in the delicate and spare, or in the plethoric and full. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every morning, four days between each menstrual period, until a change is observed. Nux vomica.—If a varicose condition of the vessels of the uterus be the cause of the descent, and the vagina, or the parts below the womb are also implicated; when there is a relaxed condition of the muscles; pressure towards the genitals, especially when walking, or after walking; 646 WOMEN and their diseases; dragging, aching pain in the back, also from the abdomen to the thighs. It is also adapted to the dyspeptic symp- toms which frequently accompany this complaint, as sense of weight at the stomach-pit, flatulence, constipa tion, oppression, and desire to lie down; to the nervous irritation and prostration, as well as to the spasmodic and periodical symptoms frequently accompanying severe cases. Nux vomica and Calcarea are most useful when the menses are too profuse. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every two hours in acute cases, in other cases, daily at three o'clock in the afternoon. Secale cornutum is indicated in prolonged bearing down and forcing pains, urging towards the genital organs, with profuse menstruation; depression; lowness of spirits, and thoughts of suicide. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water ; give a spoonful every four or six hours in extreme cases ; continue it afterwards daily for some weeks, unless its primary symptoms should appear, when all medication may be suspended. Sepia.—Menses variable, or occurring before the time, the flow being interrupted; with loss of appetite; nausea; constipation; and heat in the womb; pains in the back and abdomen, slight, but much increased by exercise; constant desire to pass water; pressure as if the contents of the stomach would fall out, the patient crossing the legs frequently as if to prevent it; applicable to women of feeble and delicate frame, sensitive skin, nervous habits, and weak but not relaxed muscular fibres, easily strained; also if there is a yellowish leucorrhoea, with itchings and eruptions. DOSE.—The same as Aurum. There are many other remedies applicable to cases of prolapsus, as Kreosote, Mercurius, Platina, Conium, Stan- OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 647 num, &c, for the indications of which see their patho- genesis, or consult a homoeopathic physician. Much advantage may at times be derived from a properly adjusted supporter, provided it be not worn too long, or too constantly; whilst the injudicious application is always productive of injury, often of serious magnitude. There are also many cases of prolapsus in which rest in a recumbent posture, generally on the back, with the limbs flexed upward towards the abdomen, and the hips elevated, should be positively enjoined; yet, in many chronic cases, such a requirement, often insisted on by a certain class of practitioners, would be absolutely inju- rious, and retard the cure. Of circumstances of this nature, it requires skill and wisdom to form a correct judgment, and a thoroughly educated physician should always be consulted. Swelling or Enlargement of the Womb. — Tympanites of the Womb. (Physometra.) The cavity of the womb is occasionally distended with air, in which case, a manifest enlargement may be per- ceived at the lower portion of the abdomen, with sensa- tions of fulness or bloatedness, and often attended with hysteria. If the air is secreted from the vessels of the womb itself, it may escape with a noise perceptible to the patient; if it arise from the decomposition of some substance within the womb, as from portions of the placenta, or the menstrual fluid being retained within the cavity, or from similar causes, it will only subside when the exciting cause shall have been removed, either by resolution, or by a discharge of the offensive substance. The remedies which have been used, are Lycopodium, and Phosphoric acid. Some have also recommended 648 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; injections into the womb of pure luke-warm water. The expediency of such applications, may well be doubted. If resorted to, it should be by the directions of an expe- rienced physician, and after due consideration. The above remedies may be used alone, or in alterna- tion. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every six hours, until the symptoms subside; afterwards every twenty-four hours, until recovery. Dropsy of the Womb. (Hydrometra.) In simple dropsy of the womb, there are usually pre- sent, such symptoms as indigestion, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, weight or tension in the abdomen, especially in the lower portion, frequently costiveness, slow fever, and painfulness. There may be a constant dropping, or oozing of a serous fluid through the vagina, or it may escape in gushes, or if the mouth of the womb be closed by any cause, as adhesive inflammation, or hardened mucus, the fluid may be retained within the cavity of the womb, giving rise to great distension of its walls, and of the abdomen. It is often difficult to distinguish from pregnancy, many of the symptoms of which, it frequently simulates, and during the period of which, it may also occur. If, on a careful examination, however, it be certain that pregnancy does not exist, and if the suffused fluid be retained within the cavity of the uterus, it may be easily drawn off with a catheter, after which, the administration of the proper remedies will generally be found to perfect a cure. If it occur during pregnancy, the abdomen will be found to enlarge much faster than usual, or to attain an undue size; other parts of the body, as the lower limbs and even the face and hands may become oedematous; OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 649 inconveniencies naturally resulting from enlargement of the abdomen, such as difficulty of walking, and sense of oppression, even causing the patient to pass her nights in a chair, may be experienced; the patient suffers from unusual debility; there may be cough and constipation; excessive vomitings; even uterine contractions and watery discharges from the vagina before labor. The prognosis is much more favorable to the mother than to the life of the infant. If it survive in such cases it is mostly pale and feeble. Another form of serous exudation from the womb, sometimes occurs after delivery. There is, in place of the lochia, a discharge, at first like dirty water, after a day or two becoming more clear, and soaking through all the clothing if it be profuse. It more commonly occurs in patients who are languid, relaxed, of lymphatic constitution, and feeble. The above forms of dropsy are efficaciously treated by homoeopathy. All errors in diet must be corrected, and the constitutional condition of the patient must be care- fully considered. Eemedies will be found in Aconite, Apis mel., Arseni- cum, Bryonia, China, Calcarea, Ignatia, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Secale, Sepia and sulphur. Aconite in the commencement may often be useful, or in alternation with Calcarea, Pulsatilla, or Sulphur, when these remedies are indicated. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every four hours, or every eight hours, will often be sufficient to modify the case, and promote a favorable change. Apis mel., if there be suppression of the customary urinary discharges; pale watery urine; or profuse urina- tion with oedema, either general or local, whether of the 56 650 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; abdomen face or extremities, will be found a useful and reliable remedy. DOSE.—It may be given the same as Aconite, and should be continued for four or eight days, unless a change should sooner be observed, when it may be followed by Arsenicum, if necessary. Arsenicum, for symptoms similar to Apis mel., accom panied with weakness; desire and inability to lie down; sense of suffocation; scanty and thick urine; also frequently after Nux vomica and Pulsatilla, when those remedies have been indicated. DOSE.—The same as for Apis mel. Bryonia is adapted to cases in which there is diffi- culty of breathing, or shortness of breath; vomitings; cough, with oppression; pain in the hypochondria; enlargement of the liver or spleen; constipation; for plethoric persons with dark hair and eyes, or for meagre, hypochondriacal, nervous persons, of dark complexion, with chronic hepatic complaints. DOSE.—The same as Apis mel. Calcarea carb.—For weak, cachectic, exhausted sub- jects, with tendency to scrofulosis, and for persons of lymphatic constitutions, with loose, flabby muscles, and copious mucus or menstrual discharges, subject even when in health to leucorrhoea, or blenorrhoea, Calcarea is especially adapted, to restore the general health, and incite a healthy action; and after the more prominent symptoms have been subdued by other remedies. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, may be given every morning four days, afterwards leaving its action undis- turbed two weeks, when the condition of the patient should be considered anew, and other remedies may be selected. It may often follow Pulsa- tilla. China.—When the effusion has been the result of debility, or loss of fluids, haemorrhages, or mucus dis- charges ; or has occurred after severe acute diseases, OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 651 in which China or Quinia has not been given as a medicine, (in which case give Bryonia or Arsenicum;) or if it is the effect of want of nourishment, or the result of indigestion, dyspepsia, &c, the skin being of a yellow color, or loose and flabby. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours two days, afterwards every night and morning four days, then wait its effects. Ignatia.—If it has been produced by grief, or by concealed anxiety, for sensitive, nervous persons, sub- ject to melancholy, hysteria, dysmenorrhcea, chlorosis, or dyspepsia, with scanty menstruation, and weakness of the sexual organization. DOSE.—The same as China. Nux vomica.—"When hepatic affections have been the producing cause, may be given after or in alternation with Bryonia; also if there is constipation; frequent or difficult urination, or frequent urgent desire; difficulty of digestion, or gastric affections, with vomitings after eating; adapted to sanguineous, choleric temperaments, as Ignatia is also to dry, nervous, melancholic, hysteri- cal subjects. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every three hours, commencing at three o'clock in the afternoon. If in alternation, Bryonia may be given in the morning, Nux vomica in the afternoon. Pulsatilla is a valuable remedy in all the different forms of dropsy, being adapted to mild and easy tempera- ments, to persons of amiable, inoffensive dispositions, who often weep, but are seldom angry, and who are subject to leucorrhoea, and if the bowels are not costive, but generally relaxed, Calcarea carb. should often follow Pulsatilla. DOSE—The same as Apis mel. 652 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Secale is adapted rather to the physiological and patho- logical conditions upon which hydrometra is dependent, than to the serous exudations or the dropsical condition of the womb itself. It is adapted to lymphatic, relaxed, languid subjects, where excessive tendencies to haemor- rhage exist; where there is want of contractile muscular power; abdomen excessively inflated and distended; frequent, loose, perhaps slimy or involuntary evacua- tions, or having a putrid smell; urine suppressed or scanty, hot and burning, or clear like water; with burn- ing and shooting pains in the abdomen, epigastrium and limbs. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours two days. It is suitable aftei Apis mel., Bryonia or Nux vomica, and should often be followed by Cal- carea carb. Sepia may be useful after Pulsatilla, for persons of weak constitution, tender and delicate skin; subject to herpetic eruptions, with burning itchings ; or to brown- ish or liver-colored spots ; or to lassitude, or paroxysms of weakness, with distention of the abdomen as if it would burst; urine turbid or dark, or fetid, with white sediment. The pains are generally shooting, pricking or burning, with jerkings and paralysis. DOSE.—The same as Secale. Sulphur may be given at the close of the treatment, or during the progress of the disease, especially to per- sons of psoric tendencies, long subject to itchings, or eruptive diseases of the skin; waterbrash, or dyspeptic conditions, with indigestion and gripings, aggravated by eating and drinking, but mitigated by bending for- wards; and especially when Nux vomica or Bryonia have been indicated and afforded partial relief OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 653 DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every morning. For removing the effused fluid, the remedies most appropriate are generally Apis mel., Arsenicum, Bry- onia, Pulsatilla. For the early treatment, Aconite and Sulphur, and sometimes Secale; for the constitutional dyscrasias, Calcarea, Nux vomica, Sepia and Sulphur. Eegimen.—See Dropsy, page 576. Inflammation of the Ovaries. (Ovaritis.) This is not an uncommon 'affection, and may result from a variety of causes. It is no doubt, one of the fruitful sources of dysmenorrhea. It may be generally recognised by pain more or less acute, on one or both sides, along the groins, or in front of the hips. The pain may be shooting, burning, aching, or throbbing. If the inflammation be attended with tumefaction, a circum- scribed swelling may often be perceived by examination through the walls of the abdomen ; or at other times, if a careful examination be made through the walls of the vagina, or the rectum, a small, hard tumor or gland is detected with the finger, moving easily within the pelvis. In connection with the above symptoms, there are sometimes itchings or burnings in the private parts, gastric affections, headache, constipation, diminished urinary secretions, fever, and often derangement of the whole nervous system. It is frequently subacute or chronic, coming on insidiously, and accompanied by j various derangements of the general health. Eemedies.—The most useful remedies are, Apis mei j lifica, Antimonium crud., Arsenicum, Belladonna, Canthn- ris, Cannabis, Cocculus, Conium, Graphites, Hepar sulph., Iodium, Kali carbonica, Lachesis, Nux vomica, Phos- phorus, Pulsatilla, Sepia, and Sulphur. 56* l________________________________ 654 WOMEN and their diseases; Apis mellifica is indicated, if the pains are stinging and burning, the urinary secretion much affected, and especially in dropsy of the ovaries, the tumefaction being- excessive, and urination scanty. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every four hours two days, afterwards, every night and morning. Arsenicum also, in ovarian dropsy, or in ovaritis with burning pains, and in patients subject to chronic eruptions, if there be sensations of weakness and faint- ness, either with profuse menses, or with almost entire suppression. DOSE.—The same as for Apis mellifica. Cantharis more especially, for the most severe, burn- ing pains in the ovarian region, extending into the thighs, with cutting pains when passing water, or after Arsenicum, when that remedy has only alleviated the symptoms. DOSE.—A drop of the dilution, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, four doses ; afterwards, give a dose every morning four days, or until another remedy be selected. Graphites.—Tensive or drawing pains in the region of the ovaries; swelling of the ovaries; sensation as if everything were forced downwards towards the private parts; menses slow, scanty, pale, or suppressed; during the menses, violent, cutting pains, headache, nausea, weakness, and swelling of the cheeks; immoderate ex- pulsion of fetid wind, with pinchings, and cramp-like pains. Also if there are flushes of heat in the face; livid circle around the eyes; eruptions on the face, as if the skin were raw; and especially if the dryness and burnings, the diminution of sexual desires, &c., indicate induration, with loss of function, Graphites will often be found a valuable remedy. DOSE—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in six spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours. In chronic cases, give a drop of the dilution, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, once a day, for one week, then omit one week, and return again to Graphites. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 655 Hepar sulphur, when with the pains in the ovarian region, there is profuse menstruation, with disposition to herpetic eruptions, and to suppurations. Also, for similar symptoms, Lycopodium, and especially if there be obsti- nate constipation, and much rumbling of wind in the abdomen, tympanites, &c. DOSE.—Of either of the above remedies, the same as for Graphites. Iodium, also, for dropsical ovaritis; and when there is extensive tumefaction; in scrofulous subjects; and if the menses be profuse. DOSE—One drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, for one month ; if no change, give Arsenicum or Apis mellifica, and afterwards return again to Iodium, if necessary. Kali carb. — Also when accompanied by gastric affections; the menses being too feeble and too frequent; corrosive, with itching, gnawing, and burning sensations. DOSE—The same as Graphites. Kreosotum, when at each monthly period, burning pains are felt, most severe in the thighs, but also, in one or both ovaries; with constipation. DOSE.—The same as Arsenicum. Lachesis ought to be found useful in ovaritis, and is indicated by tumefactions, with pressive pains; hysterical affections, especially the globus hysteria; menses feeble, tardy, and of short duration; pains from the ovary to the uterus; spasms, colic, cuttings, &c, before and during the menses; pains in the small of the back, and a sensa- tion in the hips, as if broken; pains like labor pains; pressure in the stomach; nausea and eructations; more especially if the affection be of a phlegmonous character, affecting the interior coatings of the ovaries, and fallopian tubes; and if all the sufferings are worse after sleep. DOSE.—The same as for Apis mel. 656 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Dropsy of the Ovaries. (Hydrops Ovaries.) Ovarian dropsy usually commences with an uneasy sensation in one side of the abdomen, near the hip, or the groin; there may be a sense of pressure or weight; numbness; irregularity of the menses, irritation in the region of the bladder; scanty secretion of urine; or fre- quent urgent desire to urinate; nausea and fainting. There is also irregular enlargement of the abdomen; con- stipation and hemorrhoids are common; and frequently sympathetic pain or distension of the breast; swelling of the feet, or one foot, and Hysteria, are attendant symptoms. In general, if the above symptoms prevail, and if there is a sense of numbness in the thigh, on the affected side, we will be safe to conclude that the ovary is affected, although no tumor can yet be felt in the abdomen; but if while the above symptoms are present, we can plainly distinguish a circumscribed tumor in the lower portion of the abdomen, generally near the hip, moveable, the size and general appearance of which, is not affected by a change of position, there is left no reasonable doubt of the existence of an ovarian tumor, the nature of which must be learned from the general condition of the patient, and would require a kind of knowledge not attainable from a work on domestic practice. The remedies are the same as those given for hydro- metra. (See page 648.) The pathogenic indications also are nearly the same. (See also Ovaritis, page 653.) Inflammation of the Labia and Vagina. Inflammation of the labia is attended with a painful, burning, hard, dry, and red swelling of the labia; very sensitive to the touch. It is at times caused by the rupture of the hymen; at times it is the result of difficult OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 657 labor; or it may arise from cold, and similar causes. If from mechanical cause, give Arnica, one drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every four hours, and apply a lotion of ten parts of the tincture in one hundred parts of pure water, with which bathe the parts night and morning freely, and the inflammation will speedily subside. If the inflammation be the result of a cold, to patients subject to phlegmonous or other erysipelatous affections give Rhus tox. as directed for Arnica, omiting the lotion; and for scrofulous subjects, with glandular affections, if it does not speedily yield to Rhus tox. give Mercurius in the same manner; or Belladonna instead of Rhus tox., may at times be most efficient, when a pressing, bearing down pain is complained of, with fulness and sense of weight. DOSE.—Of Rhus tox. or Belladonna, the same as Arnica, omiting the lotion in case of Belladonna. Pregnancy. This may truly be said to be the most interesting, as well as the most responsible period in the life of woman At this moment commences a connection between herself and her offspring, a connection so close, so intimate, and so inseparable, that her health becomes its health, her life its life, and her happiness its happiness. Even its mind, its disposition, its habits, its loves and its hates, are now being formed by her own, so that it may be said to reflect her image, to be modeled after her likeness, or to be cast in the mould which her hand has made. It is not her actions merely, her feelings, her impulses, her emotions, form into beauty or stamp with deformity, not the mind alone but also the body, the physical conformation of her future offspring. 658 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; It is the duty of the mother, therefore, at this period, to pay all proper attention to herself, and a duty which has always been due to herself alone, is now rendered every way imperative by her obligations to her children, to her husband, and to the world. These duties are naturally divided into two classes, physical and mental. The physical duties or obligations embrace the sub- jects of diet, exercise, dress, and care of health, each of which will be considered in order. The diet should be simple, purely nutritious, generous but not excessive, and all stimulants should be perfectly discarded. Nothing can be more detrimental to life than the use of poisonous drugs during this interesting period. Coffee, wine, pepper, spices, spiced meat, sausages, &c, &c, cannot but exert their baneful influence at such a period when all the newly formed and delicate organs are most susceptible to impressions. But the diet should be gene- rous, good meats daily, (once a day is sufficient,) bread, milk and vegetables, with ripe and rich fruits, will always be found sufficient for persons whose taste has not already become depraved, and for those who have, it is not possible for books to place any limit to their depravity. If some ladies indulge in deleterious drugs, spices, &c, others will no doubt indulge in wines, brandy, ardent spirits, opium, &c; and others again in other forms of excitement, the names of which would fill a volume, and the deleterious influences of which can never be numbered or computed. Exercise. This is absolutely necessary during the period of preg- nancy to the enjoyment of health. Passive exercise, such as riding in a carriage, is not alone sufficient. It is a OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 659 mistake also to suppose that laborious avocations are inconsistent with the healthy development of the child or the condition of the mother. It is only necessary first that the labor should not be irksome; second, that it should not be too long continued after it becomes fatiguing; and third, that it should not expose to sudden strains, as in lifting or reaching, or to jars or falls, as in jumping, &c. A person in this condition falls much more frequently or from slighter cause than at other times, and a fall is attended with manifold greater danger. In addition how- ever to the usual exercise of accustomed labors, exercise should be taken regularly in the open air for amusement and enjoyment. Exercise then should be of two kinds, first for labor, and second for enjoyment; but the one is not sufficient without the other; riding on horseback would be to most women inadmissible; in a carriage would more frequently be admissible, but walking for pleasure in the open air is peculiarly healthful, especially in the morning. Dress. This should be free and open. No part of the dress should be tight, or girt about the body. The limbs should also be free, and every thing that invests them sufficiently loose to give free action to the blood. Even small shoes which pinch the feet should not be worn, and the garter should not be drawn too tightly. Artificial supports should be avoided, and the muscles generally allowed full play. Strings drawn too tightly around the waist may induce club feet and other deformities in the child, and perhaps prolapsus uteri, or other displace- ments, or fingering and protracted labors on the part of the mother. 660 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; The dress should always be adapted to the season, and care should be taken to avoid catching cold. Care of Health. Every proper attention should now be given to this important particular, the preservation of health. The mother should not allow herself to be sick. The various ailments she will be told by other women are inseparable from her condition, she should be taught to regard as contrary to nature, and demanding immediate relief. She should early consult some experienced and well educated physician, and listen implicitly to his councils, avoiding all old wives' fables, and especially should she never take any doses of any kind of drugs, any opening laxative or cathartic medicines. Magnesia, oil, senna, salts, paregoric, camphor, &c, &c, including every article brought from the apothecary should always be absolutely prohibited. They weaken the natural powers of the mother, excite undue irritations, and often materially affect the health, and even the life of her offspring, and may be the source of many of the so called hereditary diseases. Of the Mental Habits. It has already been remarked, that the habits of mind, the impulses and emotions of the mother, at this period, will influence her offspring. This is true to the highest possible degree. It will mould the features, and give form and symmetry to the body, as well as convey its impress to the mind, and stamp the character. It is the duty of the mother then, to cultivate proper intellectual habits. Her own mind should have previ OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 661 ously received its education, its training, that she may have sources from which to draw images of beauty, and scenes of delight; and she should endeavor to keep it.not crammed, but properly supplied with such beautiful images, combined as they are in nature, with useful objects. The mind should not now be severely taxed. It should rather be unbent, and in some degree relaxed. Yet it should be employed, usefully, actively, happily; and this employment will contribute to the intellectual, as well as physical conformation of her offspring. A state of indolence and imbecility, either of mind or body, is never to be admitted. Unsightly and unpleasant objects, should not be seen, or if seen, the mind should not be permitted to dwell upon them. Brooding over unpleasant impressions can scarcely fail of being both physically and mentally inju- rious. Not only intellectually, but morally and socially, the habits and condition of the mind of the mother, are important to the character of her child. If the beautiful and the true should engage her attention, the pure and the good should enliven and enkindle her heart. She should be and feel, during this interesting period, just as she would wish her son or her daughter to be and feel. By the unalterable decree of the Divinity, impressions indulged by the mother during this period, as they are received by her own highly impressible and delicate organization, are conveyed from each of those organs, to the corresponding organs of the child she bears, and she is thus forming, for good or for evil, for virtue or for vice, one who is hereafter to be her happiness or misery, her honor or her repoach. Enough has been said upon this delicate subject. Let her feelings be good and pure, as 57 662 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; her thoughts are beautiful and true. Her sons shall sit among nobles, and her daughters among princesses. The mind should also be guarded against despondency, uneasiness about the future, or depression of spirits. Some females, whose spirits are generally good, suffer much from depression during this period, or while -nursing. If, notwithstanding good resolutions, and proper mental efforts, the feeling becomes irresistible, one of the following remedies will generally be found useful. Aconite, for despondency, preceded by excitement, the skin being hot, and the pulse frequent, with presenti- ment of approaching death. Bryonia, if the inequietude and fear of the future, be attended with irrascibility and gastric derangement. Calcarea carbonica. — Excessive dejection, great lassitude; also, when there is suppression of the secre- tions, obesity and plethora; and in persons predisposed to consumption. Natrum muriaticum.—Melancholy, with weeping; uneasiness about the future; and for obstinate cases, not yielding to Nux vomica. Nux vomica.—Morning sickness and melancholy; great uneasiness; impaired appetite ; constipation; fret- fulness. China.—Lowness of spirits during the nursing period, when the energies of the mother appear to be too severely taxed; or when nursing is continued too long ; or from rearing twins; also, Aurum, Lachesis, or Pulsatilla, may at times be found useful. DOSE and Administration.—Any of the above remedies may be given, one drop of the dilution, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every night and morning, until alleviation or change. The practice of bleeding, so prevalent for a long time, and among some of the less enlightened of old school OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 663 physicians even to the present time, for plethora, sensa- tions of fulness, and tendency to congestions, which usually attend pregnancy, is in all cases to be avoided. It is always positively injurious. It diminishes the patient's strength, renders her more liable to miscarriages, floodings, convulsions, and nervous affections, and is besides, not unfrequently an injury to the child. It saps the fountains from whence it draws its support, changes the natural healthy current of life, diverting it into other channels; and increases the liability to irritation after- wards both with the mother and child. Continued Menstruation When menstruation continues during pregnancy, cer- tainly if beyond the first month, it is to be regarded as a deviation from nature's law, and should receive medical aid. Eemedies may usually be found by consulting the article Menorrhagia, or if a sanguineous mucus discharge be attended with severe spasmodic pains low down in the abdomen, give Cocculus, or if there be a copious dark viscid discharge, give Crocus. Platina, for profuse discharge, with severe bearing down pains. Phosphorus.—Cutting pains in the back, with occa- sional vomiting, attended with discharge of blood. AD3IINISTRATION—Administer the remedies in water during the periods of suffering, one drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoon- fuls of water; give a spoonful every half hour, until the severe symptoms are alleviated, afterwards every four hours, until the alleviation becomes perfect; afterwards give two powders of Sulphur, and wait till the next monthly period. 664 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Vertigo and Headache Another derangement not uncommon to this period is vertigo or giddiness, with sense of fulness and pain in the head, frequently accompanied by dulness, lightness, and a disinclination to employment; sleepiness, or at times sleeplessness ; dimness of sight; sparks before the eyes ; disposition to fall forwards, often when stooping; headache, with a feeling of weight on the top of the head or back of the neck; palpitations, nervous tremblings, &c. These symptoms are usually worse in the morning. They often commence as early as the fourth week. Remedies.—Aconite, Belladonna, Nux vomica, Opium, Platina, Pulsatilla and Sulphur. Aconite, for plethoric persons, of florid complexion, and nervous temperament; if there be giddiness, as if intoxicated on rising from a seat, or faintness and dim- ness of sight on rising from the bed; pressure in the forehead; stupifying pains; eyes red and sparkling; intolerance of light; black spots before the eyes. Belladonna.—Congestion to the head, with stagger- ing and trembling; buzzing in the ears, cannot bear a noise: heavy pressive pains on the top of the head, and in the forehead over the eyes ; expansive pains; violent throbbings; redness and soreness of the face and eyes; sparks before the eyes ; double vision; worse in the morning. DOSE.—One drop ofthe dilution of either ofthe above remedies, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, until amelioration or change. Nux vomica.—For females of a hasty temper, or of sedentary habits; or for those who use wine or coffee; giddiness or confusion in the head, with cloudiness of sight, and buzzing in the ears; tearing, drawing or OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 665 jerking pains, or periodical pains; worse in the morn- ing, and better in the open air; constipation; insipid, or acid, bitter, or putrid taste. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every two hours, each afternoon, for four days; give a powder of Sulphur in the morning afterwards; if no relief be afforded, select some other remedy. Opium.—Giddiness, with stupidity; drowsiness; im- perfect sleep; puffed face, and thick, heavy breathing; illusions of the senses. DOSE.—The same as Belladonna. Platina.—Gradually increasing headache, until be- coming violent it diminishes as gradually; headache produced by vertigo or by passion; constant disposition to spit, with tasteless or sweetish saliva; for nervous or hysterical females; symptoms worse during rest, relieved by movement. DOSE.—The same as Belladonna. Pulsatilla.—Giddiness, worse after stooping, with transient blindness, and staggering; throbbing, shooting pains; one-sided headache, worse every other day, often attended with numbness of the limbs; worse afternoon, and evening, better in the morning. DOSE.—The same as Nux vomica. Sulphur.—Congestion of blood, pulsative pains, and sensation of heat in the head; vertigo when seated, and after a meal, also with nausea at times, and fainting; weakness and bleeding at the nose; confusion in the head; difficulty of thinking, worse morning and even- ing. One-sided headache, or occupying the top or the back of the head, or the forehead over the eyes, with dimness of sight; aggravated by movement, walking in the open air, and by meditation; periodical or inter- 67* 666 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; mittent headaches, worse morning or evening, or at night. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every four hours, for two days, then every twelve hours for the succeeding two days, or until some other remedy shall be chosen. Morning Sickness. Nausea, vomiting, heartburn, and other gastric dis turbances, are the most common, and the most trouble- some acccompaniments of pregnancy. They commence about five or six weeks after conception, and continue until the sixteenth week, when they usually cease. In some cases, however, they continue with slight modifi- cations, to the end of gestation. They usually occur on rising in the morning, and are often troublesome, for two or three hours, sometimes they return in the evening. The remedies are Arsenicum, Ipecacuanha, Natrum mur., Nux vomica, Phosphorus, and Pulsatilla. Arsenicum will be useful for vomiting after eating or drinking, with fainting, emaciation and weakness. Ipecacuanha. — Also if there is great uneasiness about the stomach; vomiting of drink, and undigested food, or of bile, bowels loose or relaxed. Nartum mur.—Obstinate cases with loss of appetite; waterbrash; pain and soreness at the pit of the stomach. Nux vomica.—Especially if the nausea occur while eating, or immediately afterwards; acid and bitter risings; hiccough; sense of weight at the pit of the stomach; constipation; irritability. Phosphorus and Magnesia, if Arsenicum fail in cases where it is indicated. Pulsatilla, for symptoms similar to Nux vomica, especially when there is craving for acids, wine, &c, OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 667 with whitish coated tongue, and instead of constipation, diarrhoea, or alternations of each. ADMINISTRATION—Give of the selected remedy, morning and evening, for three days. If not better select some other remedy. Where diarrhoea accompanies morning sickness, give first Ipecacuanha; if not relieved, or if the cure be partial, follow it with Arsenicum, and afterwards give Natrum mur., or Phosphorus, if necessary. If constipation accompany, give first Nux vomica, to be followed, after four days, by Sulphur, and if the cure be not perfect, by Natrum mur., or Magnesia. To ladies who have always been subject to scanty menstruation, give Pulsatilla. Constipation. When this affection cannot be relieved by exercise; by drinking a full draught of cold water on retiring at night, and on rising in the morning; by eating fruit, or similar means, take a dose of Nux vomica at three o'clock in the afternoon, and another at bed time, every other day, for one week; if relief is obtained give Sulphur, one dose in the morning, four successsive days, and await the result. If not relieved, give Lycopodium, four doses each day, for four days, say night and morning, ten o'clock, and four o'clock; or give Bryonia, Ignatia, or Opium, the same as Lycopodium. (See Constipation, page 212.) Diarrhoea Occurs less frequently during pregnancy than consti- pation, and is more dangerous. If allowed to continue, the health must suffer, and serious consequences may follow. 668 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Eemedies.—If the tongue is coated white, and the evacuations are watery, the stomach also being affected, Antimonium crud., or Tartar emetic, will often be suffi- cient. Mercurius, if the discharge is greenish, with straining and tenesmus. Phosphorus often in extreme cases, and after Antimonium. Pulsatilla, Sepia, and Sulphur, will also be found useful. (See Diarrhoea, page 219.) DOSE.—Give one drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy in a spoonful of water, every four hours, until a change is manifest, or another remedy is indicated. Itchings. (Pruritis.) Women are not unfrequently annoyed during this period by a troublesome itching of the private parts. It may be occasioned by a vitiated condition of the secretions, or by an eruption resembling the thrush of infants; or the parts may assume a dark, red color, with excoriations, and oozing of a thin, watery secretion, attended with intolerable itchings. It is not confined to the period of pregnancy. Treatment.—The parts should be frequently cleansed by ablution in water. A solution of borax in water, is also often of service. A cloth wet with cold water, and applied to the parts on going to bed at night, the whole being closely covered with canton flannel, or some other warm covering, will frequently be useful. Mer- curius, Ehus tox. and Sulphur, are the principal remedies. ADMINISTRATION—Give Rhus tox., one drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every four hours, and on the following morning give Sulphur, one dose. If the case be of the apthous variety, this treatment may be followed by Mercurius. DOSE and Administration.—The same as Rhus tox., and after- Wards give Sulphur. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 669 If this course does not relieve, consult Pruritus, page 355. Fainting and Hysteric Fits Are not uncommon, nor s.are they particularly danger- ous if properly attended to. Attention to diet, exercise, and air, will often prevent them; if not, trace the cause if possible, and remove it. Tight lacing, the use of stimulants, warm rooms, &c, would be sufficient cause. If called suddenly to a case, admit fresh air freely, sprinkle the face with cold water, and give a powder of Belladonna. Afterwards, administer the remedies as indicated in other parts of this work, (see Hysteria,) or give Aconite if there be full pulse, plethoric habits, and sanguineous congestion to the head or chest; and Bella- donna, especially to females who have been troubled with profuse menses, and if there is fulness about the head, with flushed face. Coffea, for nervous females, with agitation, abdominal spasms, difficult breathing, and cold sweats. China, when there has been loss of blood, hemorrhage, weakness, &c. Chamomilla, if caused by anger. Ignatia, for severe headache, as if a nail were driven into the head, with melancholy and frequent sighing; and if caused by fright. Nux vomica, for choleric persons, and if attended with derangement of the stomach, nausea, or consti- pation. Arsenicum, Pulsatilla, and Sepia, are often useful. DOSE.—Administer the above remedies, usually in water, one drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every half hour for four hours ; afterwards, every night and morning a dose, for one week If the fits continue to recur, select some other remedy. 670 women and their diseases; Toothache Is a very common affection, and can generally be relieved by medicine. If Chamomilla, Mercurius, Nux vomica, or Pulsatilla, do not relieve, consult a physician, or see the article Toothache, page 162. It is not always best to extract hollow or decayed teeth. Fill the cavity with raw cotton, crowding it closely in with some suit- able instrument; remove it every hour, and supply its place with another dossil. After the irritation subsides, fill the cavity again with soft white wax, and give the appropriate remedies. Permanent relief will often be obtained. The cavities of hollow teeth, should always be kept perfectly clean, and all the decayed portions should fre- quently be scraped off with some suitable instrument; the mouth, teeth, and gums, should be well washed in the morning and at night, in cold water, also, after meals; the finger or a piece of cotton cloth forms a suffi- cient tooth-brush. Pains in the Back and Side during Pregnancy. This is also a common affection; more frequently in the right side, under the ribs, or in the small of the back, or near the hips; an indescribable, aching pain, or a dull heavy pressure, as if caused by a dead weight resting on the part. These pains are sometimes very severe; they may be sharp and cutting, or burning,—generally worse from the fifth to the eighth month. For the pains in the back, Kali carbonicum will generally be found efficacious; if insufficient, give Bryonia; if worse on movement, Ehus toxicodendron; if aggravated by rest, Belladonna, or Pulsatilla; to feeble, scrofulous persons, Nux vomica, or OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 671 Sepia, or Sulphur, and if complicated with haemorrhoids, or in case of constipation. For pains in the side, Aconite, Chamomilla, Phos- phorus, or Pulsatilla. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, give one drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every four hours, two days; if no relief is obtained, select some other remedy. Cramps, In the legs, abdomen, hips, or back, are very frequent, and very annoying. Eemedies.—For cramps in the legs, Calcarea car- bonica, Chamomilla, Colocynth., Graphites, Hyoscyamus, Nux vomica, or Sulphur. For those of the back, Ignatia, Opium, and Ehus toxicodendron; and Belladonna, Colo- cynthis, Hyoscyamus, Nux vomica, and Pulsatilla, for those of the abdomen. DOSE and Administration.—The same as for pains in the back, &o Incontinence of Urine. Frequent desire to pass water, or total inability to retain it, will generally be relieved by Pulsatilla. If not give Belladonna, or China, Silicea or Stramonium. ADMINISTRATION.—Give four doses of the selected remedy, either dry or in solution, at intervals of four hours. If not better, select another remedy. Haemorrhoids or Piles, May occur during pregnancy when the persons are not at other times liable to it, on account of some obstruction to the circulation. Nux vomica, will gene- rally, in such cases, afford relief. If the pains extend high up, with itching and crawling in the parts, Ignatia should be given; also, if the bowels protrude greatly at each evacuation. If there be much bleeding, give 672 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Aconite, Arnica, Belladonna, Hamamelis virg., and Sulphur, either in alternation or succession, or according to their respective symptoms, until the bleeding subsides. If the discharge be great, and the patient become very weak, give China. ADMINISTRATION._Give one drop of a dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every hour in extreme cases, in others every six hours, until relief is afforded. Swelling of the Veins. Varicose Veins. Varicose Tumors. This is an affection also to which many females are sub- ject. It usually commences about the ankle, and extends upward towards the thigh. This swelling may involve all the veins of one or both Hmbs, or it may be confined to those below the knee, or it may appear in circum- scribed tumors, generally of a bluish color, and all the veins implicated usually present an uneven knotted ap- pearance. When the patient stands the swelling gene- rally increases, and diminishes on lying down. The swelling may at length become very painful, the veins may burst, and large quantities of blood be discharged. After delivery the swelling subsides, and the veins often assume nearly their natural size and color. Eemedies which may be depended on in this affection are Arnica, Hamamelis virg., Nux vomica and Pulsatilla; also Apis mel., Arsenicum, Lachesis and Lycopodium. Arnica will almost always be useful at first, and also after the limbs or the veins feel sore, the circulation having been long impeded; Hamamelis virg. also the same as Arnica, in desperate cases where the bleeding is profuse. Nux vomica, if there is enlargement of the abdomen, OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 673 hemorrhoids, constipation, and frequent bearing down pains. Pulsatilla.—Veins much swollen, with swelling of the limb; and if the parts assume a bluish color, with pain and inflammation. Arsenicum and Lachesis, after Pulsatilla. (See article on Varicose Veins.) Much good will frequently result from bathing the parts frequently in a weak solution of Tincture of Arnica, or with an extract from the Ham. virg. and at times from the application of a bandage or laced stocking; the ban- dage should be applied when there is the least swelling, commencing at the foot and proceeding upward with a gentle and equal pressure. It is less useful after the swelling has been of long continuance than in more recent cases. In severe cases the patient should remain in a recum- bent posture, or should keep the limb in a horizontal position. DOSE.— Of any of the indicated remedies, one drop, or six globules, dissolved in half a tumbler of water, give a spoonful every four hours for two days; if no relief is obtained, select another remedy. Depression of Spirits. This unhappy state of mind may frequently be alle- viated by cheerful conversation, by exercise in the open air, attention to diet, &c.; but when these means fail, recourse must be had to medicines, for which consult the following remedies: Aconite, when fear of death and depression from fright are prominent symptoms. Aurum, if there be desire to die, inclination to weep, anxiety of mind prompting the patient to suicide, des- pondency, mental weakness, shortness of memory, &c. 58 674 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Belladonna.—Agitation and restlessness at night, with fear of ghosts, or fear with disposition to hide; involuntary laughter or singing, or passion and rage; frightful visions; not disposed to exertion. Pulsatilla.—Against depression, with sadness and weeping; uneasiness at the pit of the stomach; sleep- lessness ; oppressed with a multitude of imaginary cares; dislike to conversation; heartburn and headache. Sulphur.—Lowness of spirits, with anxiety on reli- gious subjects, and despair of salvation; forgetfulness of names and words, when about to speak them; dispo- sition to anger. DOSE and Administration.—Of either of the remedies one drop ofthe dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every six hours, until amelioration or change. Flooding. (Menorrhagia.) Either during pregnancy or at delivery. Many of the remedies resorted to in this truly dangerous con- dition are almost equally dangerous, and even when they appear to give relief are of greater injury than benefit. Long continued applications of cold water produce congestions followed by inflammation, from the effects of which the patient frequently never recovers. Ether, as usually administered, induces to affections of the nervous system. Alum is productive of indurations, and introducing pieces of linen to close up the passage is seldom of benefit. Let the woman lie down quietly, and move as little as possible. Let her mind be kept free from care, and quietness be preserved in the room and in the house. Tie handkerchiefs immediately around the upper part of the thighs and arms, (silk handker- chiefs are to be preferred.) Give a few mouthful s of OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 675 cold water, and let the patient hold a mouthful for some little time in her mouth, spitting it carefully upon a hand- kerchief, that she may not be obliged to move even her head. If the face become pale a single drop of brandy or of wine may be administered at a dose until reaction is observed to take place, but not more than three or four doses. A few drops of vinegar applied to the nose, just sufficient that the patient may get the smell of« it, may be of service. Eemedies.—Arnica, Bryonia, Belladonna, Chamomilla, China, Crocus, Ferrum, Hyoscyamus, Hamamelis virg., Ipecacuanha and Platina. Arnica is always indicated if the affection originates in mechanical injury, as a strain, blow, fall, misstep, &c, and may frequently be given with advantage in other cases, especially if there be nausea, shiverings, giddiness, agitation and trembling. DOSE.—One drop ofthe dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every half hour, in desperate cases every fifteen minutes, until relief is afforded. Lengthen the intervals as improvement becomes manifest, and if no improvement take place in from three to six hours, change the remedy. In chronic cases or in those not immediately urgent, the intervals should be from six to twelve hours, and the same remedy continued from two days to two weeks, according to the nature of the case, when if there be no improvement another remedy should be chosen. Belladonna.—When there is pressure as if every thing would fall out from the private parts; pains in the small of the back, as if it would break; pale or flushed face; dulness, heat about the head, thirst, and palpitation of the heart. Bryonia.—Great quantities of dark red blood, with violent pressive pain in the small of the back, and head- ache, particularly in the temples, as if the head would burst; also if attended with constipation. 676 women and their diseases, Chamomilla, when the discharge is accompanied by pains similar to those of labor, or after Ipecacuanha, when that remedy has produced little or no improvement. China, in the most dangerous cases attended with heaviness of the head, or giddiness; loss of consciousness, or drowsiness; .sudden weakness; faintness; coldness of the extremities; paleness of the face; convulsions or con- tortions of the mouth and eyes; or if the face and hands turnh-lue; or jerks pass through the body; also if the blood escape by starts, with spasms or pains like those of labor passing to the anus, the discharge taking place afresh at every pain; or if accompanied by colic, fre- quent urging to pass water, and sore tension of the abdomen. It is also serviceable after other remedies for the debility remaining after the flooding has ceased. Ferrum met.—Blood alternately black and clotted, or liquid, with pains like those of labor, and red face. Hyoscyamus.—Pains resembling those of labor; with drawings in the thighs, and small of the back, or in the limbs; puffiness of the veins of the hands or face; heats over the whole body, with quick, full pulse; trembling; numbness of the limbs; twitchings and jerkings, alter- nating with stiffness; loss of consciousness; delirium; darkness or confusion of sight; great uneasiness, or ex- cessive liveliness, Ipecacuanha is frequently a most valuable remedy, especially if the flooding is very copious, and long con- tinued, with cutting pains around the navel; pressive and bearing down pains; chills, and coldness of the body, or feeling of heat rising into the head; great weakness with inclination to lie down; especially if the above symptoms occur during pregnancy, or after delivery. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 677 Hamamelis virg. may follow Arnica when that has failed, or it may be administered at first, when the flooding is copious, or it may be found useful in most cases, even when other remedies have failed. Platina.—Discharge dark and thick, but not clotted; pain in the back, drawing towards the groin, and a sensation of inward pressure towards the private parts, which are extremely sensitive; and when the flooding has been produced by violent mental emotions. For long continued menorrhagia, for females of ad- vanced age, who are not pregnant, it is better.to avoid all warm drinks, to drink milk which is quite cold, several times a day; cold, sour milk, or buttermilk, if agreeable, and to avoid all stimulating articles of diet, &c. A drop of tincture of cinnamon, in half a tumbler of water, giving a teaspoonful every fifteen minutes for one or two hours, may often be of use; or a piece of cinnamon may be chewed for a few minutes, if the tincture is not at hand, after which take a piece of loaf-sugar, in the mouth, till the burning caused by the cinnamon subsides, then give Arnica or Hamamelis virg., as above directed. DOSE and Administration.—Of any of the above remedies, the same as above given for Arnica. Miscarriage. Abortion. Although miscarriage may occur at any period of pregnancy; it is much more common about the third or fourth month. At this period it is not very dan- gerous, although frequent miscarriages weaken the con- stitution, and may engender some chronic affection. Miscarriages at a later period are much more serious, and frequently dangerous, and those who have miscar- 58* 678 women and their diseases; ried two or three times are exceedingly liable to do so again. This event may take place from mechanical injuries, as a blow, fall, &c.; from the use, or rather the abuse of drugs; often from purgative medicines; from excessive exertions; from the too free use of stimulating food or drinks; from exposures to cold, late hours, confined heated air, or want of exercise. The early symptoms are chilliness, followed by fever and bearing down pains; cutting pains in the loins and abdomen, resembling the pains of labor; discharge of mucus and of blood, at times of a red color; at times dark and purple, or clotted, fol- lowed by emission of a serous fluid; with this serous dis- charge the miscarriage usually takes place, and if not checked by appropriate remedies, it may continue for hours and endanger the patient's life. If miscarriage is threatened, the patient should at once be placed in a horizontal position, where she should remain until all the danger has manifestly passed over; and if it has already occurred, she should still retain the same position for several days, until the parts have time to recover somewhat of their natural condition, and all danger from hemorrhage has ceased. Treatment.—The remedies, treatment, &c, are very similar to those for menorrhagia, the indications for which may often be consulted with advantage. Arnica, Belladonna, Bryonia, Chamomilla, China, Cro- cus, Ferrum metallicum, Hyoscyamus, Ipecacuanha, Nux vomica, Platina, Sabina and Secale. Arnica, in cases of mechanical injury, as a fall, blow, strain, over-lifting, great physical exertion, &c. (See the article Menorrhagia.) Belladonna.—Violent severe bearing down pains OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 679 throughout the entire abdomen, as if all its contents would be forced out, and very profuse discharge. Bryonia.—For persons of dark complexion, subject to affections of the liver or spleen, and to frequent con- stipation. Chamomilla.—If there are periodical pains, like labor pains, each pain being followed by a discharge of dark coagulated blood, or of blood mixed with mucus; also if there are violent pains in the whole abdomen, extending to the sides, with a sensation as if about to evacuate the bowels or the bladder, and especially for irritable persons. China.—When the patient is weak and exhausted, with giddiness and fainting, or with drowsiness, coldness of the extremities, and loss of consciousness; and after the discharge has been checked by other remedies, it is a valuable aid in restoring the wasted energies of the patient, and promoting a speedy recovery. It is thought to be indicated by discharges which take place at inter- vals, or by starts with spasmodic bearing down pains. Crocus.—Discharge of dark and clotted blood, in- creased by the least exertion, with a fluttering sensation around the navel; also in protracted cases after other remedies have failed. Ferrum metallicum.—If there be fever, pains like labor pains, with discharge of blood. Hyoscyamus.—Spasms and convulsions of the whole body, with loss of consciousness, discharge of light red blood, mostly worse at night. Ipecacuanha.—Spasms without loss of consciousness; discharge of bright red blood, profuse and continuous, with pressure downwards; cuttings around the navel; nausea and vomiting; chills and heat, with disposition to faintness. 680 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Nux vomica. — For persons of sanguine, irritable temperament, subject to dyspeptic, hepatic and gastric diseases, with constipation and hemorrhoids. Platina.—If attended with drawings in the groins. (See Flooding, page 676.) Sabina.—If the pains are forcing and dragging, extend- ing to the back and loins; profuse discharge of bright red blood; faint, sinking feeling in the abdomen; diar- rhoea, or frequent desire to go to stool; nausea and vomiting, or fever with chilliness and heat. Secale corn.—After miscarriage for feeble, debili- tated persons, the discharge consisting of dark liquid blood, and the pains being slight. DOSE.—Of the selected remedy, one drop, or six globules, in ten spoon- fuls of water, give a teaspoonful, every fifteen or twenty minutes in severe cases, in milder ones every two hours, and in the early stages when no danger is apprehended, every six or twelve hours. In milder cases, if relief be not obtained, change the medicines not oftener than once in four or six days, in severer ones every six hours. Eegimen and attendance nearly the same as for Flood- ing, which see, page 676. Care of the Breast and Nipples before Confinement. A proper attention to the breast and nipples before confinement, will often prevent much trouble and suffer- ing afterwards. Whilst the breasts are gradually in- creasing in size to fit them for their future function, whilst the nipples are gradually enlarging and becoming more prominent, there is also frequently more or less pain and soreness. If at this time they receive no atten- tion, the foundation may be laid for abscesses, tumefac- tions, excoriations, cracks, inflammations and eruptions, which may require long and careful attention on the part of the physician, as well as much patient endurance on the part of the woman. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 681 For several weeks previous to confinement, the entire breast and chest should receive daily ablutions in water, cold water, if the patient can bear it, if not the chill should be removed and the water applied on retiring at night, and on rising in the morning. If there be tenderness, soreness, or slight excoriations, bathe also after the ablution in a weak tincture of Arnica, made by dropping ten drops of the tincture in a dessert- spoonful of water, or wet a piece of muslin in water, and after squeezing it until it will not drip, drop on a few drops of Tincture of Arnica, and apply it to the exco- riated surfaces, covering the breasts warmly, on retiring at night, and relief will generally be obtained. For acute pain shooting into the mammae, Aconite, Belladonna, Bryonia, Chamomilla and Ehus tox. are the principal remedies. ADMINISTRATION—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every four hours, until the pains sub- side. See also Abscess of the Breasts. For swelling, burning, itching, cracks, eruptions, &c, Bryonia, Graphites, Lycopodium, Mercurius, Hepar sulph., Ehus tox. and Sulphur will generally be found sufficient. For their symptomatic indications, see the article Sore Nipples, page 694. DOSE, and Administration.—The same as above. False Pains. Frequently precede the setting in of labor, and are often much more severe and unendurable than true labor pains. In healthy females they precede labor but a few hours, in others they may come on weeks before delivery. They may be distinguished from the true pains of labor by the irregularity of their recurrence, often by their location, whilst they do not regularly 682 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; increase in intensity like true labor pains, and under the action of appropriate remedies, they will frequently entirely subside. To distinguish between true and false pains may at times be difficult, but it is altogether unne- cessary, for the proper administration of the appropriate remedy, whilst it will relieve the false, will also by har- monizing the action of nature's laws, give strength and power to the true and natural pains of labor. The exciting causes of these, pains are too numerous to men- tion in this place. The remedies are Aconite, Bryonia, Belladonna, Dul- camara, Nux vomica and Pulsatilla. Aconite, for young, full, strong, plethoric persons, with full pulse, congestion to the head, flushed face, &c. Belladonna, after Aconite, for similar symptoms, and when the pains are spasmodic, and the abdomen very sensitive to the touch. Bryonia, especially after a fit of passion, and when the pains in the abdomen are followed or accompanied by dragging pains in the back and loins; constipation; for persons of dark complexion, black hair, and subject to biliary affections ; pains aggravated by motion. Dulcamara, pains arising from the effects of cold, a chill, or from getting wet,—acute and violent, seated in the small of the back, coming on or aggravated at night. Nux vomica, pains similar to those of Bryonia, for persons of a more sanguine character, passionate and lively ; pains as from a bruise in the lower part of the abdomen, occurring chiefly at night, and for those who indulge in stimulants, highly seasoned food, wine, coffee, porter, and ardent spirits. Pulsatilla, pains in the abdomen and loins, as if from continued stooping, with a feehng of stiffness and OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 683 dragging in the thighs; constipation and diarrhoea; for persons of a mild disposition, and after eating fat indi gestible foods. DOSE and Administration—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in half a tumbler of water; give a teaspoonful every half hour, in severe cases, in others every four hours, until a change is effected or another remedy selected. After the above remedies always give Sulphur, one dose in the morning. Childbirth. Labor. Parturition. Natural labor usually takes place, at the end of the ninth month after conception. True labor-pains usually occur at regular intervals, gradually increasing in inten- sity, and perhaps in frequency, and delivery is completed in from four to six hours. Variations from this, are however, very common; in some cases, the whole time occupied, being less than half an hour, whilst in others, it has required several days; in a few rare instances, two or three pains have completed the process. The time from conception to delivery, is about two hundred and eighty days, or forty weeks, reckoning from the last menstrual period. Morning sickness usually first occurs about six weeks, and quickening about twenty weeks after conception; during the eighth month the child sinks lower down in the abdomen, and the woman gradually becomes smaller around the waist; this sinking is often so sudden, as to be specially observ- able in one or two days; labor may then be expected, in from three to four weeks. Agitation, trembling, lowness of spirits, and disposition to weep, are frequently premonitory symptoms of the approach of labor; flying pains, with frequent inclina- tion to pass water, or involuntary urination sometimes occur ; diarrhoea, or looseness of the bowels, for a day or two, if it occur, should not be interfered with. A slight 684 women and their diseases; discharge of reddish mucus, called the show, is the most certain indication. Most of the sufferings attendant upon child-bearing, arise from ill health, or from those habits of life, which reason would teach any woman, must be injurious. Healthy women of regular habits, who pay proper atten- tion to the cultivation of their physical powers, always suffer much less than others; some athletic, muscular women, accustomed to the open air, suffer but little. Protracted Labors. It is not easy to draw any exact line of demarcation, between what should be termed a natural and a pro- tracted labor. In general, if the labor continue more than twelve hours, and if it be attended with much suffering, by which the patient becomes exhausted, and especially if in this exhausted condition, the force of the true labor pains comes to be partially diminished, or if by some obstruction delivery is delayed, it may be pro- perly called a protracted labor. Such labors are more likely to occur in a first confinement, and in persons of slender form, and delicate, sensitive habits. The remedies adapted to this condition, are Aconite, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Coffea, Nux vomica, Opium, Pulsatilla, and Secale. Aconite, if the person be of sanguineous tempera- ment, the pains extremely violent but ineffectual; also, in rapid succession, with restlessness. Belladonna, if there be a rigid, unyielding condition of the parts; or spasms, especially in the neck of the uterus; or if the pains diminish or cease entirely, after having been for some time violent Chamomilla, often after Aconite, when there is great OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 685 sensibility to pain, anguish and discouragement, or mental excitement. Coffea, for symptoms similar to Aconite or Chamomilla, and if there is great agitation, restlessness and tossing about. Nux vomica, if the pains are irregular and insufficient, and if there is constant disposition to pass water, or desire for stool. Opium, if the pains cease suddenly with congestion to the head, redness of the face, stupor, and snoring. Pulsatilla, if the pains are feeble, occurring at long intervals, or diminishing in strength and frequency; or if attended with vomiting, or with spasms in the stomach; acute pain in the back and loins, or painful drawings in the thighs. Secale, for symptoms similar to Pulsatilla, and when that remedy has failed. DOSE and Administration.—One drop, or six globules, of the properly selected remedy, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every half hour. If no relief follow the third or fourth dose, it will generally be expedient to select another remedy. All drugs, stimulants, perfumery, spirituous liquors, &c, should be carefully excluded from the chamber of the patient, as they always increase the dangers, and diminish the prospects of life and health; also all cata- plasms, and all similar appliances. Protracted labors should always be expected to terminate favorably. Cramps. Convulsions. Spasmodic Pains. These not only occasion suffering, but they frequently materially retard delivery. They will generally yield, however, to the application of medicines. Eemedies.—Belladonna, Chamomilla, Cocculus, Hyos- cyamus, Ignatia, Ipecacuanha, and Stramonium. Belladonna,—Excessive bearing down pains, with convulsive movements; great agitation and tossing, with 59 686 women and their diseases; congestions to the head, and even with frantic rage and delirium; throbbings; distension of the blood vessels; face red and bloated; with profuse sweat. Chamomilla.—Pains, mostly of a cutting character, extending from the loins to the lower part of the abdo- men ; spasmodic convulsions; redness of one cheek, or of the whole face; sensitiveness; excitement, especially of the nerves. Cocculus.—Cramps and convulsions in the lower part of the abdomen, in the limbs, or in the whole body; with heat and redness, and puffiness of the face. Hyoscyamus.—Convulsions; loss of consciousness; cries; anguish; and oppression of the chest. Ignatia.—Confused feeling in the head, with sensation of suffocation; convulsions; spasmodic and compressive pains. Ipecacuanha.—Nausea or vomiting; with paleness or bloatedness of the face; spasmodic convulsions. Stramonium.—Tremblings of the limbs, and convul- sions, without loss of consciousness. DOSE and Administration.—Any of the above remedies may be administered in water, a dose every fifteen minutes in extreme cases, or a few globules of the selected remedy may be placed upon the tongue during the paroxysm, and the remedies frequently changed if relief be not obtained. Treatment after Delivery. After delivery, the patient should be perfectly quiet. All noise, strong light, odors, and even conversation, should be carefully avoided. After an hour or two of rest, if no unpleasant symptoms exist to prevent, she may be changed and placed in bed. If the bandage has not been applied previously, it should be im- mediately after delivery, taking care to disturb the patient as little as possible. It is safe, in order to OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 687 anticipate and prevent soreness as much as possible, to administer a little Arnica internally; for this purpose, a single drop of the dilution of Arnica may be infused in ten spoonfuls of water, and a spoonful be given every * half hour for four hours. Benefit may also be derived from the external use of a lotion, made by mixing ten to twenty drops of Arnica in two tablespoonfuls of water, and applying it to the sore parts by saturating a small cloth with this solution. If the patient is prevented from sleep by nervous excitement, a dose or two of Coffea will commonly afford relief. Should there be any symptoms of fever, give Aconite. For other irregu- larities, consult the following articles. Flooding after Delivery. Eemedies.—Belladonna, Chamomilla, China, Cinnamon tincture, Crocus, Hamamelis virg., Platina, and Sabina. For the particular indications of which, see the article Flooding, page 676. After Pains. These pains rarely occur with first children; afterwards, with some females they become more and more distress- ing with each successive labor, whilst others suffer but little inconvenience from them even after having borne several children. Some one of the following remedies will usually afford relief. Arnica, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Coffea, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla and Secale. Arnica.—For violent pains, with a feeling of soreness; retention of urine, with pressure. Belladonna.—If with much bearing down there be fulness about the head; disposition to sleep; abdomen very sensitive to the touch, with fulness. 688 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Chamomilla.—If Arnica prove insufficient, and the patient is irritable or excitable, restless and tossing about. Coffea.—If there is much nervous excitement, and the pains are very Violent, or followed by convulsions, with coldness and rigidity. Nux vomica.—After Chamomilla, or alternately with it, especially when the pains are like the pains of colic, and occur in persons of a positive or sanguine disposition; Chamomilla may be given in the forenoon, Nux vomica in the afternoon. Pulsatilla.—For pains recurring at long intervals; protracted; continuing several days; for persons of mild disposition. Secale.—For the most violent cases in women who have bore many children. DOSE and Administration.—One drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy, may be given in ten spoonfuls of water; a spoonful every half hour in severe cases, in others every four or six hours, until relief be obtained or a new remedy be chosen. Remarks. During the first week it is generally safest for the mother to keep her bed; after that, if her condition is favorable, she may sit up awhile at first whilst the bed is making, afterwards longer, spending most of her time in bed, or at least half reclining for at least two weeks. She may now be permitted to walk about her room occa- sionally, and if she feels strong and well to engage in conversation, reading, and perhaps very light employ- ment, but should on no account be permitted to go up and down stairs, take long walks or laborious exercise for five or six weeks; some cases may even require a much longer period. During the first week the diet should consist of such OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 689 articles as gruel, farina, panada, toast, toast-water, &c. Every thing stimulating, and all strong odors, flowers, and aromatic substances should be positively prohibited from her chamber. During the second week if there be no *• fever, and her appetite is good, she may be allowed chicken or beef broths, a light mutton chop or broth, but no spices, summer savory, nutmeg, cinnamon, or other articles having flavor, must on any account be mixed with her food or drink. The third week her diet may be more substantial; and on the fourth, in very favorable cases, she may return to her accustomed food, provided all stimulating and savory articles are carefully avoided. Of the Lochia. The Lochia is a healthy discharge which takes place after confinement, and is in color and appearance at first similar to the menstrual secretion, but gradually becomes lighter colored, yellowish, and before its final cessation, whitish in appearance. It also varies considerably in different females. It is at times thin and scanty, and ceases in a few days. At other times it continues several weeks, and is so profuse as almost to amount to hemor- rhage. If it continue too long, is too profuse, or if it be sud- denly suppressed, medical aid is requisite. Eemedies. — Aconite, Belladonna, Bryonia, Crocus, Carbo animalis, Calcarea carb., Dulcamara, Opium, Pla- tina and Pulsatilla. Aconite, if the discharge is too profuse, and of a bright red color, will often be sufficient, and in from one to three days the discharge may assume a healthy state. 59* 690 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Belladonna, when it continues too long and becomes thin, fetid and offensive, and also if it excoriates the parts. Bryonia, for suppressed lochia, with headache, ful- ness and heaviness, or with pressure in the temples and forehead, throbbing in the head, aching in the small of the back, and scanty urination. Also useful when the lochia is too profuse, if the color be deep red, with burn- ing pains in the region of the womb, or deep and low down in the abdomen. CROCUS,«if the discharge be too profuse, too long con- tinued, and too dark colored, or nearly black, also if it be viscid. Calcarea carb., after Aconite, and especially when there are itchings felt deep in the stomach. Carbo animalis, after Belladonna, and for similar symptoms. Dulcamara, for suppression from exposure to cold or damp, and before or after Pulsatilla. Opium, for suppression arising from fright, with con- gestion to the head, and dulness. Platina, suppression from mental emotions, with dry- ness and uncommon sensitiveness of the sexual organs. Pulsatilla, sudden suppression from mental emo- tions, dampness, or from any incidental cause, particu- larly if followed by febrile symptoms, headache, chiefly on one s^de of the head, coldness of the feet, frequent desire to pass water; worse towards evening, and better in the morning. Also if the discharge be scanty, without being entirely suppressed. Secale, for symptoms similar to Pulsatilla. DOSE.—Dissolve a powder, or one drop of the dilution, in ten spoon- fuls of water, give a spoonful every hour until relief is afforded ; in mildei cases every four hours. OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 691 Coming of the Milk. -Milk Fever. The coming of the milk is frequently attended by sufferings which require medical attention. It usually takes place about the third day after delivery, though it may appear even before delivery, or not until a much later period than the third day. For the sufferings usually attendant, the following remedies are adapted: Aconite, Arnica, Bryonia, Bella- donna, Chamomilla, Pulsatilla, Ehus toxicodendron. Aconite, if there be fever, with hot dry skin; breasts hard or in cakes; restlessness or anxiety. • Arnica, given internally, and applied to the breasts externally as a lotion, ten drops of Tincture of Arnica, in ten teaspoonfuls of water, will be found useful, if there is much distension, hardness, and soreness. Bryonia, when the symptoms have been partially removed by Aconite, and if there be oppression, head- ache, constipation, &c. Belladonna, after or in alternation with Bryonia, and for similar symptoms, especially if there be great sensi- tiveness to every movement or to noise. Chamomilla, much nervous excitement, restlessness, tenderness of the breasts, inflammation of the nipples. Pulsatilla, for the most severe cases, and when fever is threatening; swelling of the breasts, soreness, and rheumatic pains. Ehus toxicodendron, when Pulsatilla or Bryonia is indicated; breasts swollen and hard, headache, stiffness of the joints, and general disturbance of the system. DOSE and Administration.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, of the selected remedy, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every two hours, in severe cases; in other cases, every four hours until relief is obtained ; afterwards, gradually cease medication. 692 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; Suppression of the Milk. This secretion may be suddenly suppressed, either from exposure to cold, powerful emotions of the mind, or from any causes inciting the system to fever; as determination of the blood to other parts, local con- gestions, &c. These symptoms usually indicate the approach of child-bed fever, for which, the immediate administration of Pulsatilla, is almost a specific remedy. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every two to four hours, for twelve hours. If the symptoms become favorable, diminish the frequency of the doses for twenty- four or forty-eight hours longer. If any unpleasant symptoms remain, give Calcarea carbonica, or Zincum metallicum, four doses, at intervals of twelve hours, each dose. If, notwithstanding, feverish symptoms should appear, give Aconite, every hour, for six hours; afterwards, every two or four hours, according to the severity of the symptoms. DOSE.—The same as Pulsatilla. If there be great restlessness, give Coffea. Excessive secretion of Milk, or Involuntary Emissions. When the secretion of milk is too abundant, and the breasts are painfully swollen, the milk constantly escaping of its own accord, Calcarea carb. or Phosphorus will generally afford relief. If there be much fever, Aconite or Ehus tox. may be given. DOSE and Administration.—One drop of the dilution, or six glo- bules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give of Calcarea carb. a teaspoonful every twelve hours, of Zincum or Rhus tox., every six hours, a dose, of Aconite every two hours, four doses of the remedy chosen, then wait the result. If not relieved, select another remedy. For involuntary emission of milk, not accompanied by the above symptoms, either one of the foregoing remedies may be given as above, a dose every twelve OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 693 hours, or for debilitated persons from loss of fluids, China, and for females of mild, easy disposition, Pulsa- tilla may be administered in the same manner. Diarrhoea. Too frequent motion or too great looseness of the bowels during the lying-in period, is to be regarded as a highly dangerous condition, and means should be taken to prevent it as speedily as possible. Eemedies.—Antimonium crud., Dulcamara, Hyoscya- mus, Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Nux vomica Eheum, and Hepar sulph. Antimonium crud., is useful against thin, watery, offensive discharges, after which give Rhus. Dulcamara, if preceded by exposure to cold or damp- ness. Hyoscyamus, for painful, involuntary evacuations. Phosphorus or Phosphoric acid, in very obstinate cases, the evacuations being watery, painless and almost involuntary. For diarrhoea with whitish, curdled, sour smelling and musty discharges, frequently attendant upon nursing, with sore mouth, Pulte recommends Nux vomica and Hepar sulph. in alternation, every three hours, until relieved, or until six doses of each are taken, the patient being kept perfectly at rest, and in a recum- bent posture. DOSE.—Give a drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy, in six spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every two hours, or after every discharge from the bowels, until relief be obtained. Constipation. The bowels should remain unmoved for a few days after delivery. This is a natural condition, and should never be disturbed, as it serves to promote the patient's strength. If the patient has no evacuation for five or 694 WOMEN AND THEIR DISEASES; six days, and complains of pain in the bowels or fulness in the head, one or two doses of Bryonia will generally afford relief. Should this prove insufficient, give a dose of Nux vomica at three o'clock in the afternoon, and a dose of Sulphur at six o'clock the following morning. Continue this treatment until evacuations occur. In a very obstinate case, attended with severe sufferings, and when other medicines had failed, immediate relief was afforded by the administration of Podophyllum peltatum. Retention of Urine, or Painful Urination. If after delivery, there be retention or painful emis- sion of urine, Arnica, Belladonna, Nux vomica, or Pulsatilla, will generally afford relief. See Eetention or Painful Emission of Urine. DOSE.—Of a solution of the selected remedy, a teaspoonful every three hours. Setting over a chamber which contains warm water, will sometimes be sufficient. Sore Nipples. In the majority of cases, if the preparatory treatment recommended on page 680, be adopted, sore nipples will be prevented. If there is a tendency to excoriation and soreness notwithstanding, give Arnica, every twelve hours a dose, and bathe the nipples and the breast around, with a solution of Arnica in water, ten drops to ten teaspoonfuls of water, always after nursing having previously washed them in clean water. Should this prove insufficient, administer some one of the fol- lowing remedies; Calcarea carb., Graphites, Lycopo- dium, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Sepia, Silicea, and Sulphur. The symptomatic indications of many of the above OR, DISEASES OF WOMEN. 695 remedies are very similar. If the nipples are very sore and chapped with deep fissures around the base, bleeding and burning, give Sulphur, every twelve hours a dose, four doses; if not relieved, give Calcarea in the same manner, or Graphites for similar symptoms in persons of general defective circulation, and unhealthiness of the skin, to whom Calcarea seems not to be adapted; Nux vomica, if there be painful excoriation, or rawness of the adjacent parts. Lycopodium, Mercurius, Sepia, or Silicea, in very obstinate cases. DOSE and Administration.—One drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy, infused in ten spoonfuls of water; give a teaspoonful every six hours for twenty-four hours; if the pains are alleviated, continue the remedy twenty-four or forty-eight hours longer; if not, change the medicine. Gathered Breasts.—Abscess in the Breasts. This may arise at any time during the nursing period, or even previously. The exciting causes are numerous, —colds, passion or anger, and fright, a bruise, putting the child to the breast too late, or taking it from the breast too suddenly in weaning, or the death of the child, &c. When any irritation arises, the breasts should be kept properly drawn. For this purpose, a breast-pipe may be used, or still better, the lips of the nurse. The most valuable remedies are, Bryonia, Belladonna, Hepar sulphur, Mercurius, Phosphorus, and Sulphur. Bryonia, when the breasts become hard, swollen, and heavy, with shooting pains, dry skin, thirst, and oppres- sion of the chest. Belladonna after Bryonia, or when the swelling assumes an erysipelatous hue with shootings. Hepar sulphur after suppuration commences; known by throbbing pains, frequently preceded by a chill. 696 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS Phosphorus after Hepar sulphur, if the discharge be very profuse. Silicea, if the discharge be thin and watery, with several fistulous openings, not disposed to heal. Sulphur, in inveterate cases, the discharge being pro- fuse ; with emaciation and hectic fever. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, of the selected remedy, may be infused in ten spoonfuls of water, and a spoonful given every four hours, until amelioration or change. Falling off of the Hair, Which sometimes occurs while nursing, generally arises from some delicacy of the constitution. The remedies are Calcarea, Lycopodium, Sepia, Silicea, and Sulphur. ADMINISTRATION.—Give a dose each morning, four mornings in succession, then wait four days, and if not better, give another remedy. CH APTEE XY. DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN. Introductory Remarks. Since it has been so well established, that the infant organism is susceptible to the influence of both morbific and medicinal agents, it seems requisite that a plain, judicious mode of treatment should be pointed out, which will serve not only as curative means to be em- ployed for incidental ailments, but which will also have a tendency to correct in some measure, congenital difficulties. AND TOUNG CHILDREN. 697 It w ould seem plausible that any constitutional taint mighi be more readily destroyed in the germ, by well selected, specific remedies, than afterwards when it becomes more fully developed, and consequently of more powerful influence in the system. The advantage which homoeopathy possesses over all other modes of treatment in infantile cases, is well worthy of remark. For the minuteness, and yet suffi- ciency of the dose, effectually does away with all necessity for violent measures, so often productive of hurtful consequences, either from overdosing or by mis taking the remedy intended to be employed. It also, from its tasteless nature, does not produce that disgust, which the nauseous medicines, in the old mode of practice, so frequently creates. Treatment of the Child immediately after Birth. The child, as soon as born, should be wrapped in a soft linen covering, and enveloped in fine flannel; both of which should be previously warmed, so as to avoid any chilling effects upon the delicate skin of the new born babe. This seems the more requisite that the infant may become accustomed to the surrounding atmos- phere by degrees; after which the skin should be gently washed with luke warm water, softened with bran, applied with fine soft sponge. The first washing should be without soap of any kind, so as to cleanse the surface without producing irritation. The room should be quiet, free from noise, brillian: light, and strongly scented substances. The body thould be dried immediately after washing, by gentle wiping with soft linen, or a down brush and pearl powder, and after the first washing the child should be bathed twice a day, to keep 60 698 diseases of new-born infants up the healthy action of the skin. The temperature of the water may be somewhat lessened as the child advances in age. The morning is the most suitable time for bathing children, when first taken from the bed; and also on returning to the bed for the night. The best mode of bathing is to immerse the whole body in water, taking suitable care to protect the eyes, nose, and mouth; for to immerse only one-half of the body at a time when bathing, leaving the other half exposed, is much more likely to produce the disagreeable consequences usually resulting from a chill on account of exposure to rapid evaporation in the surrounding atmosphere. Very young children should only have what clothing the wants of their bodies require. It is hurtful to load them with unnecessary flannels and bandages. Improper clothing is the fruitful source of deformity of the hmbs, and weakness in after life. Apparent Death of New-Born Infants. (Asphyxia.) It sometimes happens that a new-born infant does not breathe, its blood does not seem to circulate, and there is no apparent motion. This may be termed tbe first danger to which the infant is subject, on its entrance into the world; a suspension of vitality. Causes.—Difficult and severe labor; injury from the forceps; pressure of the umbilical cord around the neck; natural debilty; accumulation of mucus or other matters in the throat; too sudden an alteration of temperature, the respiratory action of the lungs not having com- menced. If the child does not breathe for several minutes after delivery, and is apparently dead, the body and limbs AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 699 should immediately be wrapped in warm cloths, and the hands and chest rubbed gently with soft flannel, or per- haps more properly with the naked hand. Should slight pulsation manifest itself in the cord after this process, and the beating of the heart become apparent, breathing will soon follow, and nothing further will be required; but should these efforts prove a failure after five minutes, cut the cord, and immerse the child in a warm bath; rub and press the chest, working it like a bellows; also rub the limbs gently. These are generally the best manual operations. Tarter emetic will be found useful when the child shows no signs of life, or there is but feeble pulsation of the cord, relaxed limbs, or pale face; or on the other hand, if the face is purple and swollen; also if the air passages seem to be obstructed with phlegm. DOSE.—Place one globule on the tongue of the infant, or dissolve one drop, or six globules, in a tablespoonful of water, and moisten the tongue with a drop or two of the solution. Opium.—Should no favorable change take place, and if the face is livid and bluish. DOSE.—Dissolve a drop, or six globules, in a tablespoonful of water, and drop two or three drops into the mouth every ten or fifteen minutes, until a change of some kind is observed. Note.—At times breathing maybe induced by inflating the lungs ofthe child, or by placing the mouth over the mouth of the child, and thus forcing air into the lungs, which being suffered to escape, and if two or three times repeated, incites the action of the heart and lungs, and restores the child to consciousness; also pouring a small stream of cold water on the child's breast, will oft^n succeed in promoting the action of the lungs, and the establishment of respiration China is indicated if the face be pah during the sua pension of animation, and also when the infant shows signs of life and respiration commences, if a similar pale- ness presents itself. DOSE.—The same as Opium 700 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS Aconite is of service when the child is reviving and beginning to breathe, provided the face has been pre- viously flushed or of a bluish tint. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water; drop a few drops of the solution upon the tongue, and repeat if necessary at longer or shorter intervals, in accordance with the effects produced. Swelling of the Head, with Echymosis. Blood Spots.. The head of the infant after birth appears more or less swollen, but in most cases it proves a trifling and ephemeral affection requiring no treatment. Arnica internally, when the affection disappears tar- dily, will materially hasten its disappearance. DOSE.—Dissolve one drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, and drop a few drops into the mouth. Ehus tox. is of service when there is considerable swelling of the anterior, or fontanel. DOSE.—The same as for Arnica. Benefit will also result when necessary from rubbing the tumefied portion of the scalp with the naked hand, or with a weak solution of Arnica, ten drops in a spoon- ful of water, by which means not only the swelling, but the naturally attendant soreness and pain will be greatly diminished. The same treatment will be effectual for all cases of echymosis, or spots of blood created by pres- sure during delivery, either from the smallness or irre- gularity of the pelvis, or from the use of instruments or other incidental causes. Of the Meconium. The first discharge from the bowels of the infant is called the meconium. It is of a dark or bottle green color, and usually occurs eight or twelve hours after birth, or within a few hours after first receiving its AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 701 mother's milk. Should a temporary delay occur, it affords no cause of alarm, nor should any violent means be resorted to for hastening its expulsion. If an unusually long period elapse, say twenty-four or forty-eight hours after birth, and the child appear restless and uneasy, give a dose of Nux vomica in tbe afternoon, both to the mother and child, and a dose of Sulphur on the following morning. This will generally afford sufficient relief. In obstinate cases, where the mother has long been of a costive habit, Bryonia, Lyco- podium, Opium and Silicea may be found useful. DOSE and Administration--In ordinary cases it will be found sufficient to place a few globules of the selected remedy on the tongue once or twice in the twenty-four hours. In more obstinate cases it may be administered in water, six globules, or one drop of the dilution, in ten spoonfuls of water, and give a spoonful to the mother, and a few drops, say half a teaspoonful, to the child, every four hours, until relief is afforded. Of Nursing. That every healthy and well organized woman should support her child from the natural secretion from her own bosom, is the dictate both of nature and reason. It is difficult to estimate the evils which may result from depriving the infant of this its natural nourishment, as no artificial food, however carefully prepared, can fully supply its place. And again, the constitution of the mother rarely suffers from nursing her child, whilst the health of many women is materially benefited by it, and a very large portion of those women who think they suffer from this cause, really suffer only from the stimulants and other poisons they take to support their strength, as they call it, or to create an unnatural flow of milk, and not at all, as they imagine, from the effects of nursing alone. 60* 702 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS The child should usually be put to the breast within twelve (often about six) hours after birth. Instinct will then direct it what to do, and the advantages of its inci- vjient labors are many and important. If there be no nilk in the breasts, the act of sucking will expedite the ecretion, and the mother be saved much of the pain onnected with their distension, whilst the child will nave commenced an action it will not easily forget, and it will not be likely afterwards to refuse the breast when its instinctive efforts shall be rewarded with a full supply of the wholesome beverage; but if the child be not put to the breast until the breast is distended with milk, the nipple itself will at times almost entirely dis- appear, the child has in a measure lost its instinctive capacity for nursing; it makes perhaps a few almost ineffectual efforts to lay hold of the half concealed nipple, the mother cringes under the excessive pain it occasions, and if it finally succeeds, another source of suffering called sore nipples, almost invariably follows. Obstacles to Nursing. These may sometimes exist on the part either of the mother or the child. If the mother is of consumptive tendencies, or of a strumous habit, the child ought, for its own sake, to derive its nourishment from other sources. Also if the weakness of the mother be so great that She cannot endure the loss of fluids consequent there- upon without too great prostration of the vital force. But many of the obstacles to nursing a little perseverance will enable the mother effectually to overcome. There may also be obstacles on the part of the child. If the child refuse the breast, give Cina, and afterwards Mer- AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 703 curius, if necessary, one or two doses of each, both to the mother and child. It will generally be found effica- cious in the course of a few hours. Aethusa cynapium is adapted when the child takes the breast readily, but throws up immediately afterwards; also Silicea. If these remedies fail, and the child does not thrive, other nourishment must be provided, and the child weaned. DOSE, and Administration.—Of the selected remedy, one drop 01 six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every six hours If relief does not follow in twenty-four hours, select another remedy. Mental Emotions affecting the Milk. Numerous examples attest the well established fact that mental emotions may change the milk of the mother from a source of nourishment into a most inju- rious substance to the infant. Mothers ought never to suckle their children when suffering from fright or passion; and after such suffering a portion of the milk should, if possible, be drawn from the breast before it is again given to the child. Homoeopathy presents prompt and efficacious remedies for evils of this nature, which should be immediately administered to the mother according to the cause and symptoms, for the particular indications of which see Mental Emotions, page 660. Deficiency or Suppression of the Secretion of Milk. If this arise from inflammation of the breasts, see that article on page 692, but if it arise from want of energy and power, either functional or general, suitable remedies will generally produce a healthful flow. Pulsa- tilla is one of the most useful medicaments. It should be administered in water, one drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a teaspoonful to be given every four hours. After Pulsatilla, Silicea should be given in the 704 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS same manner. Should the above medicines fail to re-es- tablish the flow, give Asafcetida, Iodium or Sulphur, each four doses as above, and if no improvement take place, employ a regular homoeopathic physician. Deterioration of the Quality of the Milk. If the milk become poor and watery, and distasteful to the child, give Cina and Mercurius alternately every twelve or twenty-four hours, for three or four days. If not better, give Sulphur, and afterwards Calcarea carb., or Silicea, especially if the infant vomit immediately after taking the breast. Eheum, if the milk become thick and yellow, and render the child restless and fretful. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, of the selected remedy, or six glo- bules, in a spoonful of water, every twelve hours, two days, wait one day, if no change, select another remedy. Treatment of Mothers who do not nurse their Children. If a mother from any cause find herself under the dis- agreeable necessity of not suckling her child, the slightest regard to her own health should admonish her to be careful of her diet, until after the flow of milk into the breasts has completely ceased. The internal administra- tion of Pulsatilla will often be sufficient with a spare diet to check any unpleasant consequences which might otherwise arise. If inflammation ensue, Bryonia, Bella- donna and Phosphorus are appropriate remedies; also Ehus tox. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy, in six spoon fuls of water, give a spoonful every three hours, and see Inflammation of the Breasts. Calcarea, if the breasts are much distended with milk. See also Weaning, page 709. AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 705 DOSE.—Of Calcarea, as above, one drop, or six globules, in four spoon- fuls of water, a spoonful every six hours, four doses, if not better give some other remedy. Laurie recommends dry cupping at the outer surface of the arm, a little below the shoulder, or at the feet, in obstinate cases, to hasten the suppression; and Wil- liamson, if the breasts become distended and painful, the application of hot lard enveloped in raw cotton. It may well be doubted whether either of these applications are homoeopathic. Others practice the application of spirits of camphor externally to the breasts and about the arms, which often affords prompt relief. If such remedies are used at all, it should be with great caution, and all theii effects carefully noted. In cases where the objections to nursing on the part of the mother are insuperable, or when the death or disability of the mother appear to render it necessary, the following directions may not be found unimportant for The Choice of a Nurse. Let the nurse from whose breast the child is to derive its nourishment, be a healthy woman, free from any dis- coverable tendency to chronic diseases, about the same age or younger than the mother, and delivered at least within a few months of the same time. Let her com- plexion be clear, skin smooth and healthy, eyes and eye- lids free from any redness or swelling. She should be of an amiable disposition, not irritable, nor prone to anger or passion, of regular habits, not indulging in any of the forms of dissipation, naturally kind and fond of children. 706 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS Diet during Nursing. The mother or nurse, should always exercise proper discretion in regard to the nature and quality of her food. This should always be nutritious and healthful, and should never be partaken of, simply for the sake of increasing the natural flow of milk, but only according to the reasonable demands of the appetite. This is sometimes done by ignorant mothers and nurses, and can never fail to produce injurious effects upon the delicate organism of the young infant. The diet should be simple and nourishing, not too rich, nor too stimu- lating, and should be taken at regular intervals. Meats should generally be used sparingly; bread, fruits, and vegetables freely; and the homoeopathic regimen should be strictly observed. All porter, ale, brandies, and all stimulating liquors and drinks, sarsaparilla, mead, beers, &c, should be positively prohibited. No idea can be more erroneous, than that women, during the nursing period, stand in need of stimulants to support their strength, under which impression, wine, malt liquors, and especially porter, are frequently resorted to. These are not only injurious from their stimulating pro- perties, but the latter especially, from the nature of the drugs of which it is composed, can scarcely fail to engender obstinate and formidable chronic diseases, both of the mother and child. The relief afforded by such stimulants, if indeed it can be called relief, is of very short duration; it is invariably followed by a greater degree of weakness and depression, demanding a repeti- tion of the same, or of more powerful stimulants, which destroy the tone of the stomach, deteriorate the quality of the milk, rendering it altogether unsuited to the deli- cate organism of the tender infant. AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 707 Supplementary Diet of Infants. If the mother possess sufficient milk for the nourish- ment of her child, its stomach should never be loaded with other condiments, or with food of any kind, until it is at least five or six months old; but if the mother have an insufficient supply of milk, and if the child do not thrive, but become lean and emaciated, and is apparently hungry, it becomes necessary to give it some additional nutriment; also, at times, in case of mothers who, from the nature of their avocations, are separated from their children a considerable portion of the twenty-four hours. In this case, the selected food should resemble as nearly as possible, the milk of a healthy nurse. The milk of a good cow, diluted with one third water, and a little sugar being added, is probably the best substitute. If there is any doubt of the purity or freshness of the milk, if it has stood many hours, or been transported a considerable distance, it should be boiled, and afterwards diluted. Its temperature is also important; it may be tried with the finger, to which it should neither feel hot nor cold, but very gently warm, or about the tempera- ture of the warmer parts of the body. Arrow-root, rusk, water from well toasted bread, sweetened with loaf sugar, may occassionally furnish a substitute for milk, but generally, the milk is to be preferred, and few changes of diet should be permitted. No portion of the prepared food, should be retained for the subsequent meal, and the milk should be renewed or rescalded, at least twice in the twenty-four hours. This is easily done by placing it in a covered vessel, and setting the vessel in a basin of boiling water. After the fifth or sixth month, the food may become gradually of a more solid or substantial character, giving 708 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS such articles only as are found by experience not to disagree. Sago, arrow-root, panada, a piece of well made stale bread, milk and cream, will generally afford a sufficient variety. Eoasted apples, stewed or boiled fruits, may at times be permitted. If any article of food is found not to agree, it should be immediately withheld. But little variety should be introduced, and generally one kind of food only, or at most, two kinds, should be allowed at a meal. Milk should never be given with meats, nor before nor after acid fruits. The utmost regularity should be observed with regard to the hours of feeding, as well as the quantity of food. A child should never be fed because it cries, but always at regular intervals, and in a given quantity. Potatoes and other wholesome vegetables may be cautiously given after the second, and meats after the third year; but the quantity of meat should always be limited, and should only be allowed once each day, until the seventh year, when more freedom in diet may be permitted. Yery young infants should be allowed the breast every three hours. At the age of seven months the time may be extended to six hours, which should generally be continued during the nursing period. Tbe child should be continued at the breast about thirty minutes, during which, no avocations • should divert the attention of the mother from her offspring. It should then be removed, and no cries, entreaties, or persuasions, on the part of the child, should induce the mother again to give it the breast, until another time for nursing shall arrive. Children managed in this way will seldom be subject to diarrhoeas, dysenteries, or other morbid conditions of the bowels. The dreaded second summer will be to AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 709 them as the first. They will be plump, healthful, and haPPy> an(i with comparatively little care will pass through the trying periods of childhood. Weaning, or Period of Suckling. Infants should usually be continued at the breast until they arive at the age of from fifteen to twenty months. ■ The teeth then are generally sufficiently developed to enable them to masticate their food; their digestive organs if not previously overloaded, have become har- moniously developed, and the milk of the mother often becomes less adapted, at about this period, to the wants of her offspring. If, however, the menses reappear, and the milk diminish in quantity, or the mother again becomes pregnant, the child may be weaned at an earlier period. On the other hand, however, the child should not be weaned while it is suffering frorn teething, or any other acute disease, unless the health of the mother or other circumstances, appear to render it indispensable. After the child is seven months old, it may gradually be accustomed to a small, but regular supply of other food, which should be of the most simple, but nourishing character, as bread, milk, sago, arrow-root, or farina, oatmeal or barley; meats should not be allowed until the child is three or four years old. When once taken from the breast, the child should not on any account be permitted again to taste it. Per- fect regularity should at once be adopted in regard to the hours of feeding. The stomach should not be over- loaded, and for a few days the child may very properly receive a little extra attention and care. In from two days to a week, the weaning process will be completed. 61 710 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS Sleep. The most important business of the young infant appears to be to eat and sleep, and if the child is in health, if it appear cheerful and Hvely on waking, its sleep should not be interfered with, but should be left to nature. Forcing children to sleep by excessive feeding, -and long continued rocking, is only robbing yourself of a present pleasure, the innocent prattle of a young child, for the sake of bringing upon yourself and child future pain and suffering. Drugging it with opiates, stimulants, &c, is still worse, and a few such administrations will generally be sufficient to procure a fretful, impatient, restlessness for weeks afterwards. Carminatives, and all patent or quack medicines, sanctioned though they be by medical names of high repute, are fraught with mischiefs the more pernicious, because the composition of the article being a secret, the nature of the poisons administered cannot be understood, nor the proper anti- dotes administered to their death-producing influences. Children should early be accustomed to regular hours of sleep as far as practicable, and for sleep in the day- time, the forenoon is the most suitable, say from eleven to one o'clock, rather than the afternoon. They should be taught in infancy the habit of early rising in the morning, and until at least two years of age, should be allowed to sleep in the middle of the day. The hours of rest should not be so long continued as to interfere with the sleep at night. During the first six weeks, especially in winter, the infant may be allowed to sleep by the side of its mother or nurse, from which it should early be removed to a suitable bed or cradle, where it can easily receive proper care and nourishment. It should never be burdened with AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 711 too large a supply of clothing, nor have its face and head covered with the bed-clothes, exposing it to a vitiated atmosphere, if not to suffocation. Both mother and child will enjoy better health by sleeping apart, as it is gene- rally acknowledged that it is detrimental to the health of the young to sleep with old people. Children should never be rocked long for the sake of causing them to sleep, neither should they be rocked when asleep. If, notwithstanding an attendance to the foregoing, the child is restless, sleepless and uneasy, or fretful, (see the articles Sleeplessness, Cries of Infants, &c, in subsequent portions of this chapter.) Exercise. As the infants' powers are developed, and its strength increases, it gradually manifests a disposition to raise itself to an upright position, which we may safely in- dulge, taking care not to overtask its strength by allow- ing it to exert itself too long at a time. It soon learns to stretch itself, to spring upon its feet, and to delight in jumping, or being dangled, springing up and down in the arms of its mother or nurse, all of which exercises are healthful, if indulged with moderation, but may become highly injurious if too long continued, or too • violent, and without proper caution. The bony system is at this age soft and spongy, and will easily yield to external force, whilst a wrench or bruise upon any of these structures may lay the foundation for permanent derangement in after life. When it is four or six weeks old, it may be carried out in pleasant weather, if it be healthful; at first a few minutes at a time, until it has become accustomed to the air, after which the time may be lengthened. Many 712 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS children suffer from the foolish idea of making them hardy by exposure. They should be cautiously guarded against sudden changes of temperature, against exposure to cold, night air, and dampness. In learning to walk, children should not be incited to too great exertions, nor to a premature exercise of their powers, from which, curvature of the limbs, or diseases of the spinal column, might perhaps result; but by giving nature time to act, the faculties of the child will be more gradually, but at the same time, more fully developed; it will walk with more firmness and inde- pendence, and with greater confidence. Children should early be taught to walk in an upright position, so as to give full play and expansion to the chest and lungs. In very early life, they should also be trained to healthful sports of an active character, calculated to expand the chest, as well as to give activity and agility to the body; running, walking, marching, jumping, &c, will give power to the lower limbs; reaching, stretching, pulling, climbing, &c, to the arms; drawing in and expiring large draughts of air, holding in the breath for a long time, and then suddenly forcing it out from the chest, talking or reading as long as possible at a single breath, singing, halloing, &c, will give strength to the lungs and chest. These sports will be an hundred fold more useful, as well as more pleasing to the child, if participated in, and guided by, the mother, the father, the nurse, or some older person, and the child will often be found afterwards, practising them voluntarily, or of its own accord. Parents should frequently unite with their children in sportive exercises. Industrious avocations are also in the highest degree AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 713 useful as exercise, and the child cannot be put at such employments too young, nor employed in them with too much regularity and order; but children should not be put to work alone; they should always be taught avoca- tions in which they can participate with their parents or guardians, and should be encouraged with the idea of making themselves useful, much more frequently than they are chidden for awkwardness and inattention. Neither exercise nor labor, should be too long con- tinued, till the powers of nature become exhausted. There is a difference however, between fatigue and exhaustion, and children of five or six years old, may properly be compelled to labor, even after they begin to feel fatigue. Their employments, as well as their sports and exercises, should be frequently changed, and health- ful rest from labor may often be best obtained from healthful exercises. The mind, as well as the body, should be trained by exercise, and the nursery should be made a school of knowledge, as well as a scene for sports, hilarity and pastime. Parents should never rely too much upon the schools, for the mental training of their children, for although our schools are a glory to our land, yet much more useful and salutary instruction, should be given at home, and in almost all the departments of knowledge. The acquisition of knowledge, will thus be made delight- ful. Wisdom will be eagerly sought for by the child, and the schools become only an adjuvant to parental influences, in enlarging and expanding the opening minds of the young. 61* 714 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS Maternal Marks. (Neavi.) Marks or spots on different parts of the body of the child at birth, indicating a failure on the part of some of the secretory organs of the skin to perform their func- tions, may frequently be removed by the administration of remedies. The most appropriate are Calcarea carb., Silicea and Sulphur, and the earlier they are given, the greater is the probability of success. Calcarea carb. is the most important, and should be first administered, unless some important indication point to another remedy. DOSE and Administration.—One drop of the dilution, or six glo- bules, in four spoonfuls of water, may be administered every six hours, two days, a teaspoonful, (or even a few drops placed in the mouth, or two globules placed upon the tongue, will be found sufficient;) afterwards a dose every morning, one week; after which, give Sulphur. If no improve- ment take place, give four doses of Silicea, one dose every morning, and consult diseases of the skin. Deformities. Monstrosities, &c. In all cases administer first Sulphur, four doses, a dose every morning, then wait four days without medicine, and afterwards give Calcarea carb. in the same manner; many deformities may by this means be corrected, and after a few weeks will begin to disappear, the healthy action of the vital forces creating a resolution of the deformities. The medicines may be repeated, one dose every alternate four days, for some weeks, unless some manifest change be observable. If so, discontinue the medicine, and await its action. If no change, give Silicea, especially if the osseous or bony system be involved; or consult some skilful and experienced homoeopathic surgeon. After the case has been treated for some weeks, medi- cines, if continued at all, should be given at much longer intervals. AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 715 Cyanosis. {Blue Skin. Blue Disease.) A passage between the right and left sides of the neart, is always open before birth, called the foramen ovale. After birth the circulation changes, and this passage usually becomes closed. When from any cause this closure does not take place, the venous and arterial blood become, to some extent, commingled, giving rise to a disease called cyanosis, the characteristic of which is an unnatural blueness of the whole surface of the body. Eemedies.—First, give Sulphur, one dose, a drop, or six globules, in a teaspoonful of water every morning, four days, and afterwards give Calcarea carb. in the same manner, then wait four or eight days, and if necessary return again to Sulphur. Or give Digitalis after Sul- phur, or in alternation with Calcarea carb., and in the same manner. These remedies by exciting a healthy action, will generally promote a closure of the foramen, when the disease ceases. Rupture. (Hernia.) Of this there are three kinds, umbilical, inguinal and scrotal. The first consists in an unnatural protrusion at or about the navel, umbilicus. The second may be on several other parts of the abdomen, usually in the groin. The third is in the scrotum, into which the intestines frequently protrude in considerable quantity, producing a very much enlarged, puffy or bladder-like appearance to that organ. In either case, long-continued crying very much increases the protrusion. The intestines may be sometimes returned with the hand, and sup- ported for a few days with a bandage, or a small piece of pasteboard wrapped in soft muslin may be bound over the part. It may generally be cured in a few 716 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS weeks by medicines. First give Sulphur one dose each day, four days, in the morning, afterwards give Nux vomica in the same manner at three o'clock in the after- noon. In eight days more if there is not very manifest improvement, repeat the remedies. If there is also diar- rhoea, Chamomilla will prove successful; if caused by external violence, Arnica or Ehus tox. may be given. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in a teaspoonful of water, to be given every four alternate days, in case of Nux vomica or Sulphur. For Chamomilla, Arnica or Rhus tox, a solution of one drop, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, give a teaspoonful every four hours, until a change is effected, or some other remedy chosen. Sore Eyes. Ophthalmia. (Ophthalmia neonatorum.) The first symptoms are usually a slight weakness of the eye, with agglutination of the lids, frequently occur- ring the second or third day after birth. It at times becomes very troublesome and obstinate, producing opacity of the cornea, loss of vision, and even ulceration of the cornea; from which the contents of the globe of the eye have escaped, followed by a shrinking of the eye-ball and permanent blindness and deformity. Treatment.—See the article Opthalmia. Crying. The crying of children is, it is true, almost the only means which nature has given them when very young, of making known their wants; and when it is only occa- sional and not protracted, it is not to be regarded as a symptom of disease. If, however, it becomes excessive; if the child is always peevish and irritable, and prone to cry without apparent cause; if it scream out suddenly, or cry incessantly, or have frequent paroxysms of loud and continuous crying, it is a sufficient indication that something should be done, and it is the duty of the nurse, the mother and the physician, to endeavor to dis- AND YOUNG CHILD HEN. TIT cover the cause and afford relief. Having paid every proper attention to its dress, and carefully examined its little person to discover if there is any external or visible cause; having considered the condition of all the secretions and evacuations, if nothing abnormal can be discovered, but if every thing has the appearance of health and comfort, it becomes our duty under such circumstances to consider crying as a symptom, and to prescribe for it with the same care and wise attention to remote and concealed causes that we would prescribe for a cough, for diarrhoea, or for any other symptom by which a diseased condition is made manifest. It would require a treatise too long for this work, to consider the remedies which might prove useful in this condition, and the various reasons which might influence the selection. If either of the parents are affected with any chronic disease, such affection might greatly in- fluence the diagnosis, and modify the treatment; as for instance, if they were subject to glandular swellings, sore throats, and tumefactions, Belladonna and Mercurius might be the remedies which would afford the child relief; if to hepatic complaints, with pains in the side, or epigastrium, Bryonia, Nux vomica, or Pulsatilla; if to psoric eruptions, Sulphur; or if to erysipelatous con- ditions, Ehus tox. might be the remedy. If no cause can be discovered, it would be safe to give first Chamo- milla, four doses of three globules, one every four hours, to be followed the next morning, by one dose of four globules of Mercurius; if relief be not obtained within two days, give Belladonna in the same manner, and afterwards again give Mercurius or Sulphur. If these remedies fail, give Coffea or Aconite as above, and if not yet relieved, and a renewed examination leads to no new 718 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS view of the condition, give Arsenicum. Some of the above remedies will almost always alleviate or cure. Sleeplessness. Like crying, sleeplessness is to be regarded as a symptom, and treated always upon similar principles. It will generally be relieved by one of the above remedies, if not, give Stramonium, Hyoscyamus, or if a stupid, half wakeful state prevail, give Opium. DOSE and Administration.—The medicine may be given in water, one drop, or six globules in four spoonfuls of water, a spoonful every four hours; if no relief is afforded, select another remedy. Or it may be given dry by placing a powder containing two or three globules of the selected remedy upon the tongue of the child every four hours, until four powders have been given. It may be remarked, that crying and sleeplessness are at times occasioned by the condition of the mother's milk, or its want of adaptation to the condition of the child, when the difficulty is to be remedied by medicines given to the mother; or, if they prove ineffectual, by weaning the child. Regurgitation of Milk. Infants at times overload their stomachs, and after- wards throw up a portion of the milk they have taken; for which, medical assistance is not always requisite. But if this change into vomiting, and nearly all the nourishment appears to be thrown up, or if followed by vomiting of mucus or bile, this condition should receive attention, and be relieved by the appropriate remedies. The first remedy in importance, is Ipecacuanha, which will generally afford relief. It is also useful if there be diarrhoea or flatulence, or distension of the abdomen. After Ipecacuanha, give Pulsatilla, or Antimonium crud. if only partial relief is afforded. AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 719 Chamomilla will often be useful when there are rest- lessness, convulsions, diarrhoea with greenish stools, and pains in the stomach or abdomen. Bryonia or Nux vomica, if the affection be also attended with constipation, uneasiness, and where the condition of either of the parents is such as to lead one to suppose these remedies might be indicated. Also Rhus tox. Calcarea carb., Carbo veg., Lachesis, Phosphorus, and Sulphur, are also appropriate remedies. DOSE and Administration.—The remedy selected may be given either dry or in water, four doses in twenty-four hours, or as directed for sleeplessness, then wait twenty-four hours; if relief be not obtained select another remedy. Obstruction of the Nose. Coryza. Cold in the Head. This is often a distressing affection, as it prevents the child from nursing, often causing it to let go the nipple in order to breathe, and rendering the child irritable and peevish, sometimes excoriation of the nipple follows, causing the nurse also to suffer. If the case be pro- tracted, the child sometimes ceases to thrive, its breathing is labored, and its sleep prevented. This malady is frequently obstinate, and requires remedies adapted to the different groups of symptoms which may be ob- served, as well as to the different circumstances by which those symptoms may be modified and understood. In general, Nux vomica is a most reliable remedy, especially if the obstruction be attended with dryness, or obstruction at night, and slight discharge by day, and if the child be fretful, peevish and irritable, worse in the morning. Sambucus, after Nux vomica, if it fail to relieve, or if a thick and viscid mucus accumulate in the nostril. 720 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS Tartar emetic, after Sambucus, if a suffocating cough or wheezing, or quick and laborious breathing, still remain. For a watery discharge, with redness of one cheek, soreness of the nostrils, and fever, give Chamo- milla; if the discharge be greenish or yellowish, give Pulsatilla; or if attended with frequent sneezing, Calcarea carb., Carbo veg., Mercurius and Sulphur, are sometimes adapted. DOSE and Administration.—One drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours for two days, and await the action of the remedy one day, if there be no relief, select some other remedy. Inflammation of the Eyes. (Ophthalmia Neonatorum.) The causes of this affection are various: it may arise from cold, or it may be epidemic; it may originate in some constitutional condition of one or both parents, from long continued leucorrhoea on the part of the mother, or from a syphilitic taint on the part of the father or mother. There is usually at first an inflam- matory redness of the inner surface of the Lid, which speedily extends to the ball of the eye, and is soon followed by profuse secretions; the eyes are generally very sensitive to light. Eemedies.—Aconite should usually be the first re- medy administered, and will often be found efficacious; after which, if the disease continue to increase, give Sul- phur; or Calcarea and Sulphur may be given in alter- nation after Aconite, especially when Sulphur does not prove alone sufficient, and also in scrofulous or syphilitic subjects. Chamomilla may at times be called for when the intolerance to light is very great, and if the eyelids are red, swollen and inflamed. If there be erysipelatous and young children. 721 inflammation, Rhus tox.; if there be excessive secretion, Argentum nit.; and in inveterate cases, Lycopodium may be found useful. DOSE and Administration._The same as for Obstructions of the Nose, which see. Aphthae, or Thrush. Commences with an eruption of small round whitish vesicles, which soon become confluent and form a thin white crust, which lines the mouth at times throughout its whole extent, and also the throat, frequently extending to the stomach, and even the whole length of the alimen- tary canal; at times portions of the mucus coat appear to slough off, forming ulcers. It generally communicates itself also to the nipples of the mother, where it produces excoriations and soreness. It may arise from want of cleanliness, from improper food, or from any of the causes enumerated in the preceding article. (See Inflam- mation of the Eyes, page 720.) One of the remedies homoeopathic to this affection is Borax, with a weak solution of which, when practicable, the mouth may be frequently washed, when no other internal administration will be essential, as the child will generally swallow sufficient to perfect the cure. If this be not sufficient, give Mercurius, especially if there be profuse salivation or a manifest tendency to ulceration. If the symptoms do not improve, give Sulphur, and afterwards Sulphuric acid. In very bad cases, especially if the ulcerations assume a livid redness, give Arsenicum; and if the mouth and throat become covered with ulcera- tions which do not yield to Arsenicum, give Nitric acid. Chamomilla, Bryonia, or Ehus tox. will often prove sufficient, or they may be followed by Sulphur or Caclarea; Nux vomica and Pulsatilla are also useful in many cases. 62 722 ISEASES OF new-born infants DOSE.—One drop of the dilution of the selected remedy, in six spoon- fuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours ; continue the medicine as directed for Obstruction of the Nose, page 719, which see. Excoriations. Intertrigo. These may generally be avoided, by cleanliness and care. When, however, they do occur, give Chamomilla, or if either the mother or child have been dosed with chamomile tea, give Pulsatilla, or Ignatia. Mercurius, if Chamomilla be insufficient, especially if the skin of the child be of a yellowish tinge. Sulphur, in obstinate cases, not relieved by the above, or after any of the other remedies. Carbo veg., Lycopodium, Sepia, Silicea, will often be useful. Bathe the parts frequently and very thoroughly, after which, wash with a weak solution of Arnica, say ten drops to ten spoonfuls of water. Where the excoriated surfaces overlap each other, they should be kept apart by some soft substance, or covered with flour or pow- dered chalk, which must be frequently and carefully removed by washing. DOSE and Administration.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in four spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every six hours; then wait its action twenty-four hours; if not better give some other remedy. The Gum. This is also a disease of infancy, usually resulting from inattention to cleanliness, keeping the child too warm and too close, or giving it herb-teas, and other poisons, It consists of an eruption of red pimples, generally occu- pying the face, neck and arms, but may extend to the whole body. Aconite will be requisite, if the eruption be extensive, and if there be fever. If not, give Rhus toxicodendron, four doses, and afterwards Sulphur. DOSE and Administration—The same as for Excoriations which see. AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 723 Keat Spots. Prickly Heat, Consists of small vesicles or eruptions, generally about the size of a small millet seed, filled with a watery fluid, and situated upon a red, inflamed base. These may break, form thin scabs, and not unfre- quently ulcerate. This disease, often very annoying, being attended with severe itchings and burnings, and may be accompanied with fever. Its development is favored by heat, warm rooms, or excess of clothing, and especially by confined and unwholesome air, and bad food. Frequent bathing and proper care, may prevent or remove it; if not, Aconite or Chamomilla, will gene- rally afford relief, or Ehus tox., and Sulphur, may be given, as directed in the last article, page 722, which see. If the eruption still continue, give Arsenicum, and if it frequently return, give Sulphur. DOSE and Administration.—Give four doses of the selected remedy in water, as above, a dose of three globules every six hours; then wait twenty-four hours. If better, wait twenty-four hours longer, after which give Sulphur, one or two doses, of three globules, to complete the cure. If not better, select another remedy. Scurf on the Head. This is a dark, dirty looking incrustation, usually appearing at first, on the top of the head, and extending over most of its surface. On removing any portion, the skin beneath, will be found red and inflamed. It occa- sions itchings, irritation, and uneasiness, and frequently emits an offensive smell. Eemoving it forcibly, as by combing, usually makes it worse. The disease which occasions it, should first be cured. Its causes are the same as have already been alluded to, under the article prickly heat, and it may often, though not always, be prevented, by attention and care. 724 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS The principal, remedy is Sulphur, night and morning, four days. If not sufficient, give Ehus tox., and after- wafds again give Sulphur. DOSE and Administration.—The same as in the last article. Soreness Behind the Ears. This is, generally, another form of excoriation, which see, and pursue the treatment therein delineated. If the complaint prove obstinate, give Graphites, and if relief do not follow, give Arsenicum; or if the child be of scrofulous tendencies, give Calcarea carb. or Baryta carb. DOSE and Administration.—The same as for Excoriations. Milk Crust. This affection is distinguished by an eruption of numerous small white pustules upon a red ground, appearing in clusters, first on the face, especially on the cheeks and forehead, and at times spreading over the entire body. These pustules at length assume a yellow hue, or become dark-colored, burst and form thin yellow crusts. There is often redness and swelling and distress- ing itchings. The child rubs off the scabs, which form anew, but with increased thickness and aggravations, until perhaps the face becomes nearly covered with a thick scab or incrustation. Occasionally the eyes and eyelids, the parotid and mesentary glands, become inflamed, and dangerous marasmus may follow. Aco- nite, Arsenicum, Hepar sulph., Ehus tox. and Sulphur, are the principal remedies. Also, Belladonna, Euphra- sia, Graphites, Lycopodium, Staphysagria, Sambucus, and Yiola tricolor. Aconite.—Eedness of the skin, with inflammation, AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 725 restlessness, excitability. After Aconite give Rhus tox. or Viola tricolor. Arsenicum, after Rhus tox., in some obstinate and complicated cases. Hepar sulph. may follow Aconite or Rhus tox., if there is slight discharge and tendency to suppurate, in which case Lycopodium may also be useful. Ehus tox. may follow Aconite when that proves insuffi- cient, or if the incrustations also involve portions of the hairy scalp. Sulphur, after Rhus tox. in ordinary cases, and where necessary to complete the cure. Viola tricolor may generally follow Aconite, and is one of the most reliable remedies after Rhus tox. DOSE and Administration.—One drop of the dilution, or six glo- bules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every six hours, two days, afterwards, night and morning. Omit medication one or two days. If no improvement follow in four or six days from the commencement of the treatment, another remedy should be chosen. Erysipelas. (Induration ofthe skin.) Commences with red spots usually at first on the nates or the extremities, afterwards on the abdomen and private parts. The skin becomes indurated, and the muscles of the mouth affected, so that the child cries with difficulty. There is fever, and the skin at times becomes nearly as dry and stiff as parchment; or instead of the fever there may be an extraordinary degree of coldness. It usually occurs during the first two or three months after birth; its duration is from four to fourteen days, and if not promptly relieved it generally proves fatal. Eemedies.—Aconite, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Hepar sulph., Lachesis, Nux vomica, Ehus tox., Silicea and Sulphur. 62* 726 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS Aconite, at the commencement always, if there is fever, Belladonna or Rhus tox. may follow Aconite, or Aconite and Belladonna may be alternated at the com- mencement of the treatment, giving a dose of each every four hours, for twenty-four hours, and afterwards fol- lowed by Rhus tox., which may be sufficient to complete the cure. Arsenicum, after Rhus tox., if that prove ineffectual; also if the stomach reject food, if the evacuations are green, watery, acrid and offensive, or a tendency to gangrene, with lividity, vesications, &c, and when it especially affects the scrotum. Hepar sulph.—If there be also glandular enlarge- ments and tumefactions, or if there be symptoms of an abscess. Lachesis may be useful after Belladonna and Aconite, especially if there be much swelling, and symptoms generally worse after sleeping. If instead of the fever there is coldness, either general or partial, Arsenicum or Lachesis should be exhibited. Nux vomica is indicated when it effects mostly the joints, especially the knee and ankle joints, or if the bowels are costive. Ehus tox., in almost all cases, for the administration of which see Belladonna. Sulphur, always after treatment, and if there be tor- pidity of the bowels or any psoric or constitutional taint, in which cases, as also when there are indurations, Silicea may be found useful. The skin and the whole surface of the body should be kept as dry as possible, and dry lint may be applied to the affected portions; the nourishment should be of the simplest kind and only a little at a time. AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 727 DOSE and Administration.—Prepare the selected remedy by care- fully infusing one drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water. Aconite or Belladonna may be given, a spoonful of each in alter- nation, every two hours, for twenty-four hours, after which give Rhus tox. a spoonful prepared in the same manner, every four hours. Aconite, Bel- ladonna and Lachesis may be given at frequent intervals every two hours, or even every hour. Arsenicum, Hepar sulph., Nux vomica and Rhus tox., at intervals of four hours, and Silicea and Sulphur at intervals of twelve or twenty-four hours, continuing each remedy one or two days. This is generally correct in all acute skin diseases. Running from the Ears. Abscess in the Ear. (Ottorrhasa.) Children are sometimes attacked with violent pain in the ear, causing them to scream, to roll and toss the head, to start suddenly from sleep, and frequently to put the hand to the head. The cause of these attacks, at times remains undiscovered, until after some days, a purulent discharge from the ear makes known the source of the malady, which is only in fact, an abscess or gathering in the head, so situated as to discharge itself through the ear. The matter is generally white, at times greenish, or dark colored, and often very offensive. The remedies are Belladonna, Chamomilla, Calcarea carbonica., Mercurius, Pulsatilla, Ehus toxicodendron, and Sulphur. If the complaint arise from a cold, give Belladonna, Chamomilla, Mercurius, or Ehus tox. If it follow some exanthematous disease, Belladonna, Pulsatilla, Ehus tox., or Sulphur, may be indicated. If the discharge be offensive, give Carbo veg. For further indications, see Ottorrhasa. t Rupture of the Navel. Umbilical Hernia An unnatural protrusion of the navel, unattended with fever or pain, but much more manifest if the child cry, screamer hold its breath, from any cause, is generally characteristic of this affection. T28 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS Treatment.—A piece of pasteboard, sheet lead, or other hard substance, may be covered with silk or velvet, and placed over the navel. Over this, place several folds of muslin, or other soft substance, and secure the whole properly with a bandage. Give a dose of Nux vomica, every other day, at three o'clock, p. m., until four doses are taken. Afterwards, give Aurum in the same manner. Continue this treatment for a few weeks, or until a cure is effected. Soreness of the Navel. Sometimes, from the neglect of the nurse, or other cause, the navel becomes sore and takes on inflammation, with purulent or other discharge. This is generally a simple excoriation, and should be treated as such. See Excoriations, page 722. Swelling of the Breasts, In young infants, may exist at birth, or occur after- wards. It may be created by external pressure, and is frequently caused by ignorant nurses, who are in the habit of squeezing the breasts, for the purpose of press- ing something out of them. By this means, the breasts of some females have been destroyed forever. If the breasts are swollen, a linen rag may be wet with sweet oil, and applied to them, which will often be sufficient to effect a cure in a few days, or in addition give a few doses of Belladonna, or Chamomilla, and if suppuration ensue, give Hepar sulphur, and after two or three days give Silicea or Sulphur. Ehus tox., if there be erysipe- latous inflammation, followed by Sulphur or Hepar sulphur, will be found efficient. DOSE and Administration.—Of the selected remedy, dissolve one drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, until four doses are taken ; then wait twenty-four or forty-eighl hours, and if not better, select another remedy. AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 729 White Discharge from the Private Parts. (Leucorrhoea.) A discharge of whitish mucus, in female infants, resembling the leucorrhoea of adults. It is generally of constitutional origin, though it may at times, be induced by want of care and attention to cleanliness. Bathe the parts frequently, in water slightly warm, and give Calcarea carb., every morning, for four days. After waiting four days without medicine, if not better, give Pulsatilla, in the same manner, at night, four days; after- wards wait one or two weeks, and repeat the remedies, or give Sulphur. Inflammation of the Privates. Inflammation of the Labia Young girls are not unfrequently, subject to an inflam- matory swelling of the private parts, attended with dry- ness, heat, and burning or shooting pains. One of the most valuable and efficient remedies is Ehus tox. Give a teaspoonful every four hours of the solution, one drop in ten spoonfuls of water, one day, after which, if more medicine be necessary, give Mercu- rius in the same manner. Belladonna, or Nux vomica, may at times be useful; also, Sulphur. See Inflamma- tion of the Labia. Itchings and Burnings in the Private Parts. Pruritus. This affection may be unattended with swelling, and be very distressing, causing the child to cry with pain, whilst it rubs itself with the greatest violence and force, or it may be less severe, and the child, if young, may often be observed to be at work with its hand, about the privates. Ehus tox., and afterwards Sulphur, given as directed for Ehus tox., and Mercurius, in the last article, 730 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS will generally afford relief, if the affection be acute and the sufferings great, in a few days; if chronic, in a few weeks. See also, Pruritus. Inflammation of the Foreskin. Swelling of the Prepuce. Phimosis. This is a similar affection in boys to the inflammation of the labia in girls, and will be cured by the same remedies. (See Inflammation of the Labia, page 729.) At times a portion, or perhaps the whole of the ex- tremity of the prepuce takes on a puffy, bladder-like appearance. Ehus tox, given as directed above will effect a cure; afterwards give Sulphur. Retention of Urine. Scanty and Painful Urination. For this affection Aconite is often sufficient, if not Pulsatilla will be found useful, or Cantharis, and afterwards Sulphur. (See Eetention of Urine. Profuse Urination. For profuse urination, give Apis mel.; if insufficient, give Ehus tox., and afterwards Sulphur, Argentum met. Baryta carb., Iodium, and Squilla may also be found useful. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in ten teaspoonfuls of water, give a teaspoonful every three hours, until amelioration or change. Wetting the Bed. Nocturnal Urination. If this result from inattention and indifference, the parent is referred to Solomon for advice, Prov. xxix., 15. But if the result of a constitutional weakness or disease, as is often the case, it may generally be alleviated by medicine. First give Pulsatilla, every night, a dose of AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 731 three globules, four nights; afterwards Silicea every morning, four mornings; alternate these remedies a few weeks. If improvement follow, wait a few weeks, if no improvement, give Ehus tox. and Sulphur, or Cina and Causticum in the same manner. Also Carbo veg., Iodium, Calcarea carb., and Natrum mur., may be adapted to different cases of this complaint. Discharges of Blood from the Anus or Rectum. This is perhaps not a very common affection. "When it occurs give first Ehus tox., and afterwards Arsenicum; or Hamamelis virg. and Ferrum, Kali carb. and Graphites, or Pulsatilla and Sulphur, may be found useful. DOSE and Administration.—For any of the above affections, one drop, or six globules, of the selected remedy, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, in acute cases, and when not other- wise directed, until amelioration or change. In chronic cases, every twelve or twenty-four hours. Jaundice. In this disease the white of the eye is at first noticed to have a yellowish tinge, also the urine, and at length the entire skin becomes yellow or sallow, and pale; the bowels may be costive, or loose, and the stools are gene- rally light or clay colored. The remedies are Chamomilla, China, Mercurius, Nux vomica and Sulphur. Chamomilla, always at first, if the bowels are loose, the stomach distended, the child nervous or irritable, to be followed after twenty-four hours by Mercurius; if relief be not obtained, or if after waiting two days the relief be but partial, and there be need of further medication. China, after any other remedies for remaining symp- toms, especially if the child be weak, if there be distem 732 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS tion of the hypochondria, and if the accompanying fever is intermittent. Mercurius, after Chamomilla, when that proves insuffi- cient, and especially for scrofulous children, and generally for obstinate cases. Nux vomica may be given at the outset, if the child is costive, irritable and passionate, and afterwards China or Sulphur. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, a spoonful to be given every four hours, two days, then wait two days, or select some other remedy. Constipation. Is frequently caused by improper diet, either given to the child or to the mother, or where mothers do not nurse their own children, to the nurse, when a change in this respect is the proper remedy. If, however, the bowels are not moved daily, give Bryonia, and if it prove insufficient give Nux vomica or Opium, and if costiveness still continue, give Sulphur In very obsti- nate cases, Lycopodium, Alumina or Natrum mur. may be found useful. ADMINISTRATION.—Give a dose of three globules of the selected remedy, daily, for four days. If no favorable change takes place, select some other remedy. Injections of lukewarm water may sometimes be administered with benefit. Diarrhoea. A healthy infant may have from three to six evacua- tions in twenty-four hours. If the discharges become more frequent, so as to appear exhausting, or are changed in character, becoming green, yellow, white, brown, frothy, watery, mucus or bloody; or if the child appear to suffer, becoming haggard, irritable, or exhibit any symptoms of a diseased condition, it is time AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 733 to interfere, and one of the following remedies will usually be found appropriate. Eemedies.—Aconite, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Ipeca- cuanha, Mercurius and Eheum. Aconite, especially if there be fever, with hot skin and rapid pulse, will frequently be sufficient to control the disease. Belladonna, after Aconite, if the child scream out with pain, start suddenly from sleep, and is very rest- less. Chamomilla.—If there be acidity of the stomach; constant crying, and restlessness; drawing up of the legs; frequent evacuations, bilious, watery, slimy or frothy, and whitish, yellowish or greenish, with sour, offensive smell, or like rotten eggs; hardness, tension and fulness of the abdomen. Also if excited by improper food, or occurring during teething. Often preferable to Belladonna and after Aconite. Ipecacuanha.—Especially when arising from change of food, as at the period of weaning, or if there be frequent vomiting, with bilious, slimy or dark colored discharges, or mixed with blood, or evacuations like fermented matter mixed with flocks or flakes, and fol- lowed by straining. Mercurius.—After Chamomilla, when that remedy proves insufficient, or if there be severe colic, with tenesmus and protrusion of the bowels, and especially if it has arisen from giving cathartic medicines. Eheum. — Especially if there is acidity, with indi- gestion, and flatulent distension of the bowels; colic, crying and tenesmus, before and after evacuation; and when a sour smell is constantly emitted from the child; also when magnesia and similar poisons have been pre- 734 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS viously administered. Against poisonous doses of Rheum give Chamomilla or Mercurius. For further indications see article Diarrhoea, page 732. DOSE and Administration.—Of the selected remedy, one drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every two hours, until amelioration or change; afterwards every four or six hours, until recovery, or some other remedy be chosen. Summer Complaint. Cholera Infantum. Sickness at the stomach, gagging, and fruitless efforts to vomit, or vomiting, first of food, afterwards of mucus; and evacuations very frequent, greenish, or yellowish, or white, slimy, and perhaps mixed with blood, or very thin and watery; or evacuations of undigested food, with very offensive smell, are common characteristics of this com- plaint. The thirst for cold water is usually very great, but all drinks are often ejected as soon as taken. The head is hot, the feet and hands cold, the abdomen generally hot and distended. If the disease continue the child loses flesh, the skin hangs about it in folds, and emaciation, hectic fever, usually worse towards evening, with sunken eyes, half closed during sleep, proclaim the dangerous nature of the complaint. The usual exciting causes, are want of proper food or clothing, or of fresh air, changes of temperature, stimulating drugs, taken as food or medicine, and teething. Children are most subject to it during their second summer. At this period every attention should be given to diet, exercise, clothing, &c, if the child still nurse, both for the mother or nurse, and for the child. All stimulants should be carefully avoided, the clothing should be adapted to the changes of the weather, and the child frequently taken into the open air. Eemedies.--Antimonium crud, Arsenicum, Bryonia, AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 735 Carbo veg., Dulcamara, Ipecacuanha, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Yeratrum. and sulphur. Antimonium crud.—White or yellow coated tongue; mouth dry and thirsty; nausea and vomiting; distension of the abdomen, and flatulence, with offensive stools; and frequent passages of urine. Arsenicum.—Cold extremities; loss of appetite; in- tense thirst, drinking little at a time; discharges yellow and watery, or white or brownish, worse after midnight, or after eating; and especially if the child has become weak, pale, and emaciated. Bryonia. — Diarrhoeas in hot weather, with much thirst, or diarrhoea with colic; the stools having a putrid smell, and being whitish or brownish, and lumpy. Carbo veg., if Bryonia do not afford relief, and if the discharges are very thin, and offensive, with burning pains. Dulcamara, if the complaint recur on every change to cold, or arise from drinking cold water, worse at night. Ipecacuanha.—Nausea and vomiting; vomiting of food and drink, or of mucus and bile, with diarrhoea; stools are fermented with white flocks, tinged with blood; coated tongue; dislike to all food; raging thirst. After Ipecacuanha give Arsenicum. Mercurius.—Discharges worse before midnight, with colic; straining when at stool; perspiration scanty; greenish, sour evacuations, and nausea. Nux vomica, after Ipecacuanha, when that remedy fails, and especially if the discharges are very frequent, small, and with straining. Veratrum.—Nausea and vomiting, with faintness and weakness; great exhaustion, with vomiting after swallowing the least liquid, or making the slightest 736 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS movement; thirst for cold water; sensitiveness at the pit of the stomach; colic with burning pains; loose, watery stools, and at times unnoticed. Sulphur, for lingering cases; evacuations frequent, thin, watery, slimy, or greenish or whitish. DOSE and Administration.—One drop of the dilution, or six glo- bules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every half hour, until a change is effected; after the acute symptoms subside, give the remedies less frequently. During the treatment the greatest care should be taken not to overload, the stomach with food or drink; the patient should be kept quiet as possible, and all expo- sures carefully avoided. Colic. Extremely violent attacks of pain in the bowels, mani- fested by crying, writhing, drawing up the limbs, cold- ness of the feet, and generally distension of the abdomen. It may be attended by costiveness or diarrhoea. Eemedies.—Chamomilla, China, Ipecacuanha, Nux vomica and Pulsatilla. Chamomilla may be given in most cases, especially if there be writhing and twisting, irritability, &c. China.—When the abdomen is very hard and dis- tended, and the attacks are intermittent. Ipecacuanha.—Colic, with nausea and diarrhoea. Nux vomica.—Colic, with constipation. Pulsatilla. — Flatulent colic, rumbling of wind, shiverings, paleness, tenderness of the abdomen to the touch. ADMINISTRATION.—Give the medicines in water as directed above, a teaspoonful every fifteen minutes, in violent cases, or give a dry powder every hour, until relief is afforded. AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 737 Infantile Remittent Eever. The usual symptoms are languor, irritability, want of appetite, nausea, thirst, heat of the skin, and very rest- less nights. At length these symptoms become aggra vated; there is hurried and oppressed breathing; rapid pulse; occasionally flushed face; vomiting; distension of the stomach; obstinate constipation, or diarrhoea, or frequent but ineffectual desire for stool; discharges dis- colored or fetid, or mucus, or mixed with blood ; hands and feet cold, whilst other parts of the body are hot, dry and parched ; head hot and heavy, and often symp- toms resembling hydrocephalus, such as coma; tongue moist, loaded, and often red along the margins, or becoming dry at the point; fever, with remissions and exacerbations; if worse at night, usually attended with violent twitchings or jerking, if by day, with stupor and drowsiness; sometimes a cough, with wheezing, &c. The patient at times may appear to be steadily reco- vering, and may afterwards, without apparent cause, take a relapse, and these changes may alternate for con- siderable time, until if the disease be not checked, the glandular system becomes affected, or dropsical effusion take place, or the brain takes on active inflammation, the child becomes emaciated, the vital powers give way, and death closes the scene. Aconite, if there be fever with thirst, skin dry and hot, and if the bowels are regular and healthy. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; a spoonful to be given every two hours, until amelioration or change. Belladonna, if there be flushed face, dry heat, espe- cially of the head, coma or sleeplessness; tongue coated white or yellow in the centre, red at the edges; pulse 63* 738 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS very quick and full; great heat of the abdomen, with tenderness on the slightest pressure. DOSE.—A teaspoonful of a solution, of one drop, or six globules, in water, as above every four hours. Bryonia, after Aconite; febrile heat, with chills, worse at night; head hot, heavy and painful; thirst; dry tongue; hiccough; retching; vomiting; colic; and con- stipation. DOSE.—The same as for Belladonna. Chamomilla, often if there is diarrhoea or vomiting; after Ipecacuanha, or Nux vomica; or if the tongue is red and cracked, or coated yellow; lethargic or restless sleep, with starts and jerks; or if the head is hot and heavy, the face flushed, and the skin dry and parched; sensi- bility to pain; irritability ; shortness of breath. DOSE.—The same as for Belladonna. China is useful, after Chamomilla or Ipecacuanha; when the discharges have been exhausting; the bowels are tympanitic; and the fever is attended with manifest remissions and exacerbations. DOSE.—The same as for Bryonia. Ipecacuanha, often at the commencement, if there ie loss of appetite, nausea, or vomiting; with headache; yellow coated tongue ; restlessness; heat in the palms of the hands; night sweats; oppression for breath; languor and apathy. DOSE.—One drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; give a spoonful every four hours, one or two days; afterwards, give Pulsatilla, if required. Lachesis, after Belladonna; if there be deep, pro- longed sleep ; grinding of the teeth; sleeplessness, alter- nated with sopor; distension and tenderness of the AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 739 abdomen, especially in spots, or in a single spot; worse at night, and after sleep. DOSE.—The same as Belladonna. Mercurius, after Belladonna, if the heaviness and heat of the head continue; and if there is foul tongue; loss of appetite; nausea or vomiting; with tenderness of the abdomen; thirst; constipation; or diarrhoea, with tenesmus. DOSE.—One drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water, give a spoonful every four hours, one day ; afterwards, every six or twelve hours, according to the condition. Nux vomica.—Bowels costive, with frequent inclina- tion for an evacuation ; scanty, watery stools, after much straining; abdomen swollen and painful; child peevish, obstinate, wilful; loss of appetite, or disgust at food; fever towards morning or evening, DOSE.—The same as for Mercurius, or it may often be sufficient to give a single powder daily, at three o'clock in the afternoon, continuing also, the indicated remedy, according to directions. Pulsatilla, after Ipecacuanha, when that remedy has proved inefficient, or when there is a relaxed condition of the bowels; with whitish, bilious, or fetid discharge, or of variable color, and accompanied with gripings. DOSE.—The same as Mercurius. Spasms or Convulsions. Children are more subject to these affections in infancy than at any other period of life. The exciting causes are numerous, among which may be mentioned bad air, unwholesome gases and vapors, unwholesome or irritating food or drinks, such as coffee, spices, sweatmeats, can- dies, &c, worms, glandular affections, repelled eruptions, mechanical injuries, and teething. The remedies are Belladonna, Chamomilla, Coffea, 740 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS Cina, Hyoscyamus, Ignatia, Ipecacuanha, Mercurius, Opium, Stramonium, and Sulphur. Belladonna, if the pupils are dilated, the body rigid, the forehead and hands dry and hot; at times, clenching of the hands, involuntary urination, the slightest touch often exciting an attack; and especially if the child starts frequently, and stares about. DOSE.—Three globules, dry on the tongue, or in a teaspoonful of water, every half hour. Chamomilla, convulsive jerkings and twitchings; motion of the head from side to side; drowsiness; eyes half closed; loss of consciousness; restlessness; fretful- ness ; especially during dentition, and for children of a peevish, fretful disposition. DOSE.—The same as Belladonna. Coffea, for weak, nervous children, and when the cause cannot be discovered, may be given after Bella- donna, or Chamomilla. Cina, if the child is subject to worms, to wetting the bed, itchings at the nose, or at the anus, spasms with rigidity of the whole body. DOSE.—The same as for Belladonna. Hyoscyamus, for convulsions caused by fright, or with loss of consciousness, thumbs clenched upon the palms. DOSE.—The same as for Belladonna. Ignatia.—Sudden and violent starts from sleep, with loud screams; trembling; convulsions of single limbs, or of single muscles; fits returning every day, at the same hour, or every other day, at about the same time, followed by fever; for children of pale delicate appear- ance; alternations of laughter and sadness, crying and AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 741 laughing almost in the same breath; during dentition, and when other remedies fail. DOSE.—Three globules every half hour, until relieved or change. Ipecacuanha, if there is great difficulty of breathing, nausea, aversion to food, and disposition to lie down. DOSE.—The same as for Ignatia. Mercurius. — Convulsions caused by worms; with distension of the abdomen; eructations; flow of water from the mouth; and great weakness. DOSE.—The same as for Ignatia. Opium. — Convulsions from fright, with trembling, tossing of the limbs, and loud screams; or if the child lie unconscious, as if stunned; breathing with difficulty; abdomen distended; and all the evacuations suppressed. DOSE.—Three globules every half hour, until amelioration or change. Stramonium.—Symptoms similar to Opium or Hyos- cyamus, and if there are involuntary evacuations of fceces and urine. DOSE.—The same as for Opium. Sulphur, at the close of the treatment, or if the con- vulsions are caused by repelled eruptions. DOSE.—Three globules every twelve hours. External applications are of doubtful utility. Cold applications to hot surfaces, or hot applications to cold surfaces, although sanctioned by usage, may often be productive of injury, whilst their usefulness is not con- firmed by any well authenticated evidence. And they certainly appear unphilosophical. If the shock caused by a stream of cold water upon the head, has ever pro- duced apparent improvement, it must nave been done by producing some powerful revulsion of the whole system, and have been attended with danger to other important 742 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS organs. It is generally safer to trust to the administra- tion of medicines, or in extreme cases, relying on the homoeopathic principle, to apply hot apphcations to hot surfaces; cold applications to cold surfaces. Frequent and constant rubbing downwards, from the head towards the extremities, will produce a much more favorable reaction than extremes of cold or heat. Lock-jaw. This affection, under the old school treatment, often proves fatal. The child at first is apparently unable to suck, or if it succeed, the milk escapes from the mouth. On examination the lower jaw can not be depressed, the muscles are rigid, the jaws gradually close, the whole body becomes rigid, and death ensues, usually in from two to four days. Treatment.—If any local irritation can be discovered to have caused the attack, give Aconite, and at the same time bathe the injured part with a weak solution of the Tincture of Arnica. If from the condition of the mother's milk, give Lachesis, and afterwards Belladonna. If no cause can be assigned or discovered give Belladonna. After Belladonna, if the improvement be not satisfac- tory, give Mercurius. If the affection appear to arise from a cold, give Chamo- milla; or if catarrhal symptoms are present, give Nux vomica. Hyoscyamus may also be useful after Nux vom. or Belladonna. (See Lockjaw, page 517.) and young children. 743 Spasms in the Chest. {Spasmodic Asthma.) This differs from ordinary spasms or convulsions, inas- much as the chest and respiratory organs are principally affected; and from Millar's asthma, because this last named disease principally affects the upper portion of the windpipe. In an attack of spasmodic asthma, the child wakes suddenly from sleep, with a shrill cry, and appears to be suffocating; the countenance is often livid, and the expression anxious. There is generally cough, dull, hol- low and dry, and the breathing is rapid, laborious, and painfully distressing. Ipecacuanha is the first remedy to be administered, and if relief follow, do not repeat it until the symptoms are again aggravated; but if there be no relief in thirty to forty minutes, give Sambucus. If there be aggravation after the administration of a medicine, wait a short time; if the aggravation be caused by the medicine, relief will soon follow; if not, repeat the remedy or select another. Arsenicum may in many cases follow Ipecacuanha, when partial relief only has been obtained, also Lachesis. DOSE.—A drop ofthe selected remedy in four teaspoonfuls of water, give a teaspoonful or less every ten or fifteen minutes, until improvement is manifest; or a few globules may be placed upon the tongue of the child every ten minutes. Asthma of Millar, Differs from croup in the extreme suddenness of the attack, and in the cessation from suffering the patient enjoys during the intervals, whilst after croup is estab- lished the sufferings are continuous; croup also appears to consist in a stoppage of the throat, by what is called false membrane, whilst in this affection there seems to 744 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS be a spasmodic contraction of the upper portion of the windwipe. The attacks are distinguished by spasmodic inspira- tions, accompanied by a crowing noise much like croup, but with less rattling of mucus in the early stages; the face and extremities at length become purple, the thumbs are clenched, the toes drawn in, giving a distorted appearance to the foot; the attacks recur frequently at short intervals, until if relief be not obtained, the child dies in one of the paroxysms. This disease has as yet received too little attention. The remedies which have been found efficacious are Aconite, Arsenicum, Ipecacuanha, Moschus, Pulsatilla and Sambucus. Aconite, if there be fever, with symptoms of conges- tion of blood to the head. Arsenicum, after Ipecacuanha, especially if there be anguish, cold perspiration, and prostration of strength; or if these indications are very prominent, it may be given at the commencement. Ipecacuanha.—Anxious, short and sighing respira- tion ; purple color of the face and rigidity of the frame; spasmodic symptoms, and suffocation. Moschus, appears to be adapted, and has been given with success for spasmodic constrictions of the larynx, with difficult and short breathing; also in many cases attended with spasms in the chest, inclination to cough, the spasms becoming exacerbated after the cough. Sambucus.—Livid hue of the face; dry heat of the body; twitchings and jerkings of the muscles; small irregular intermittent pulse; no thirst; ineffectual incli- nation to sleep; or lethargy, with oppression for breath; and wheezing; if Sambucus fail, give Pulsatilla. AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 745 DOSE and Administration---Give any of the above remedies, dry or in water, by infusing one drop, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of watei, and placing a small quantity, from a few drops to a teaspoonful, on the tongue, every ten minutes, until relief is afforded. If given during the intervals between the paroxysms, give a teaspoonful every hour, or every two houts, according as they occur, more or less frequently. For further indications, see Asthma, page 421. Hiccough, is frequently troublesome to the child, and occasions anxiety to the mother. It may often be relieved by wrapping the child up more warmly, giving it the breast, &c. If it become troublesome, give a teaspoonful of sweetened water, or a little white sugar. If it fre- quently recur, its cause is to be sought and treated with remedies adapted to the condition of the patient. Nux vomica or Moschus, Ipecacuanha or Sambucus, administered at intervals of twenty-four or forty-eight hours, two globules at a dose, for four or eight days, will often afford relief. It is essentially spasmodic m its character, and is to be relieved by similar remedies. (See Spasms, page 740.) DOSE.—The same as for Spasm in the Chest. Loss of Flesh. Atrophy. Marasmus. Sulphur, followed by Calcarea carb. or Arsenicum, will generally afford relief. (See Atrophy. Head-fall. Some children with open fontanelles, and of weak or cachetic habits, whilst they appear gradually sinking away, manifest among other symptoms of exhaustion a peculiar depression between the bony structures of the head, as if the brain were too feeble to hold itself in position, and which has hence been denominated head- 64 746 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS fall. It more commonly occurs in very early life, and appears to consist in a lack of vital energy, or nerve power, and like most other diseases, may more properly be considered a symptom than a disease. When this condition is manifested, the attention of the physician should be directed to such remedies as appear adapted to restore the vital force. Belladonna, Moschus, Nux vomica and Phospho- rus, are among the more active remedies. Calcarea carb., Mercurius, Silicea and Sulphur, will also be found efficient. DOSE and Administration.—Give a dose, two globules, of the selected remedy, once in four hours, two days; if improvement be observed in the general condition, continue the remedy once in twelve or twenty- four hours, for one or two weeks: if there be no improvement select another remedy Dentition. The commencement of teething is very variable as to time; some children cut their teeth very young, and in others the period of their appearance is long deferred. In general, at about the age of five to seven months they may be expected. The appearance of the teeth is usually preceded by restlessness; flushes of heat, or paleness; difficulty of sucking; gums swollen and hot; disposed to bite; drivelling at the mouth, and looseness of the bowels. During this period, if by cold or other cause, the secre- tions become suppressed, a tendency of blood to the head is usually manifest, which, if not speedily checked, may terminate in inflammation of the brain. The teeth usually appear in the following order:— First, the two middle lower teeth; next, the two middle upper teeth, usually two or three weeks afterwards; third, the two lower teeth, one on each side the first two, and very soon the corresponding teeth above. About two months after this the jaw teeth begin to appear before AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 747 the stomach and eye teeth, which are cut shortly after the four front jaw teeth, and at about the age of two and a half years, the four back jaw teeth complete the set. With proper exercise and diet on the part of the mother and child, in healthy children, this period should pass over without much danger or suffering; but mothers who insist on feeding their children with various condi- ments from the table, or candies, sweetmeats, &c, from the shops, as well as those who dose them with the drugs of the apothecary, may be sure" that this period will be full of suffering, dangers and anxieties, unless nature shall reverse her ordinary laws, and procure for them an exemption they have no reason to anticipate. The infant should take no other nourishment but the breast until after it cuts its stomach teeth, and the mother should abstain from all stimulating drinks, coffee, pepper, spices, &c. If medicines are required, the following will be found useful: Aconite, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Calcarea carbonica, Coffea, Cuprum, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Sulphur and Zincum. Aconite, if there be fever, restlessness, sleeplessness, with cryings and startings. Belladonna, for convulsions followed by sound and long-continued sleep; or if the child start suddenly from sleep and look around as if terrified, pupils dilated, the child stares, the body becomes stiff, and the temples and palms of the hands are hot. Chamomilla.—Child restless at night, tosses about, drinks frequently; spasmodic twitchings and jerkings when asleep, starts from the slightest noise; agitation, groaning, breathing rapid and difficult, hacking cough; 748 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS diarrhoea, with green slimy or watery evacuations, and all the symptoms worse at night. Calcarea carb.—Dentition slow and difficult for children of light complexion and inclined to flesh, or for those of scrofulous habit, with tendency to rachitis or to glandular diseases. Coffea.—If Belladonna or Chamomilla fail, and for children of excitable temperament; or if the child is sleepless, fretful and Hvely by turns, irritable and diffi- cult to please. Cuprum, if there are cerebral symptoms, and the child clenches the cup almost spasmodically with its gums. Mercurius, for copious drivelling, redness of the gums, and diarrhoea, with greenish evacuations after Chamomilla. Nux vom., also after Chamomilla or Belladonna, when there is costiveness or diarrhoea, with scanty evacuations and gripings. Sulphur may be given after almost any of the fore- going remedies, and especially for children of thin and meagre habit, and with tendency to eruptions. Zincum, for apparently hopeless cases, with symptoms of incipient paralysis ofthe brain; sopor; eyes half closed, or motionless; coldness of the whole body; bluish color of the skin; respiration obstructed, and pulse nearly extinct; in grain doses every two hours, until the tem- perature of the body begins to return, when the intervals may be lengthened or some other remedy be alternated with it, as Belladonna for instance, for the remaining symptoms. DOSE.—Of any of the above remedies, give one drop of the dilution, or six globules, in ten spoonfuls of water; a spoonful every four hours, or oftener in extreme cases, until amelioration or change. AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 749 Weaning. It is generally appropriate to the condition of both the mother and child to continue the period of nursing eigh- teen or twenty months; but if the mother be dehcate, the supply of milk diminished, or its quality degenerated; if the menses have reappeared, or the mother complain of great prostration after nursing, the child may be weaned at an earlier period. The child should not however be weaned whilst suffer- ing from teething, or from any other acute attack, unless the condition of the mother absolutely requires it. The spring and fall afford the most suitable season for wean- ing. The child should gradually become accustomed to the use of food after it is about a year old, that the diges- tive organs may be the more fully developed; but its diet should be simple, such as bread, milk, ripe fruit, farina, &c. Meat should not be given until the child is from three to five years old, and then very sparingly once each day. Ripe and wholesome fruits may be allowed at a much earlier period. The mother, after the child is removed from the breast, should be careful of her diet, and avoid unusual or unne- cessary exposure. If the breasts become distended and painful, they should be bathed in lard, or wrapped up in raw cotton; one or two applications of a camphorated spirit bath may also be useful. They should be drawn occasion- ally with a breast pipe, or by the lips of another child, or a nurse. Bryonia, Pulsatilla or Ehus tox., will also be useful, if internally administered. DOSE_Give one drop, or six globules, in a spoonful of water, every night and morning; or if there be severe inflammation, every four hours, until the swelling and inflammation subside 64* 750 DISEASES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS Vaccination. That vaccination affords another illustration of the great homoeopathic law, all homoeopathists will no doubt readily admit. Of its influence to protect the child from the contagion of small-pox, we think there is abundant evidence. All persons should be vaccinated twice, once in infancy, and again at about the age of eighteen years. The first vaccination should be performed when the child is from four to six months old, unless the prevalence of small-pox or some other circumstance renders an earlier or later period more desirable or convenient. The vaccine matter should be obtained direct from the cow, or from a child perfectly free from eruptions or dis- ease of any kind. Successful vaccination manifests itself about the fourth or fifth day. A slight redness, and a small elevation or pimple is perceived, which begins to fill about the seventh or eighth day, soon after which it is surrounded by a red circle or areola, which increases until the tenth day, when it attains about the size of a dollar. The fluid in the vesicle now begins to dry up, and by the twelfth day the scab appears, which gradually becomes dry and hard until the eighteenth day, when it can fre- quently be removed, or it falls off of itself. The indisposition attendant upon genuine vaccination, commences on the sixth or seventh day, consisting gene- rally of slight rigors; pain and soreness under the arm; lassitude; headache; occasionally nausea; loss of appetite; general fever and restlessness. These symptoms seldom continue more than two or three days, and should not be interfered with. They subside' as the vesicle fills; Hahnemann recommends that a dose of Sulphur be given AND YOUNG CHILDREN. 751 on the eighth day, to prevent the development of any eruptive disease, as erysipelas. Spurious vaccination progresses from the time of the insertion-of the matter. It runs its course in a shorter time than the genuine; the scab is of a fighter color; there is no hardened, depressed speck in the centre; it is more brittle and mealy; and the indisposition, if it appears at all, comes on at an earlier period. To perform vaccination properly, it is only necessary to insert a small quantity of the true vaccine virus beneath the skin. CHAPTEE XYI. RUJGE OF USE OF THE MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED Di THIS WORK. 1.—Aconitum. Eange of Use.—Acute inflammation; rush of blood to the head; evil effects of fright or anger, or from a chill produced by a dry cold air; inflammatory bilious and nervous fevers; derangement of the mind in expec- tation of death; dizziness; first stage of croup, and the first stage of hooping-cough; measles; small-pox; ery- sipelas, and all the eruptive diseases; darting pains, aggravated or renewed by wine or other stimulants; pains and restlessness at night; painful affections, with thirst and redness of the cheeks; irritable; considerable languor and disposition to lie down; red, hot, shining swellings; rash; burns, &c, when attended with vio- lent fever; inability to sleep; constantly restless; tossing about, and anxiety; dry heat over the entire surface of the body; heat; thirst; short breathing; quick pulse; redness of the face and cheeks; disposition to uncover oneself; chilliness soon after going to bed, or in the even- ing; attacks of feverish redness of the cheeks; severe thirst; inflammatory fevers, attended with quick pulse and great irritability; anguish, with apprehensions of death; trembling state of mind; bitter wailing; great tendency to start; sensitive and irritable; merry at times; vertigo, with reefing; darkness of sight, or nausea; ful- (753) 754 RANGE OF USE OF THE ness and sense of weight in the forehead, with sensation as though all the contents of the skull would issue through the forehead; sensation as if the senses were about to depart, with crampy sensation in the forehead, or above the root of the nose; great fulness of the head, with heat and redness of the face; dilated pupils; aver- sion to light; very painful inflammation of the eyes, with discharge of water; inflammation caused by foreign bodies penetrating into the eyes; red, hard swelling of the lids; intolerance of noise and humming in the ears; bleeding at the nose of plethoric persons; stoppage from cold; bloated red face; red cheeks; sweat on the forehead; pain in the teeth, caused by exposure to a sharp wind; throbbing on the painful side, with redness of the face; rheumatic pains in the face and teeth, and toothache after drinking some heating beverage; dryness of the mouth and tongue; tingling, burning and stinging on the tongue; spitting of blood; burning and stinging in J the throat, with inflammation; bitter taste; loss of appe- tite ; burning unquenchable thirst; inflammation of the stomach; pressure at the pit of the stomach as if from a weight; vomiting of blood; inflammation of the liver; sense of tightness; pressure and fulness of the bowels; pressure in the region of the liver; oppressed breathing; inflammation of the bowels; inflammation attendant on strangulated rupture, with vomiting of bitter bilious mat- ter; watery diarrhoea, with flowing piles; urinary organs; inflammation of the neck of the bladder; difficult and scanty emission of urine; deep red hot urine, without sediment, or with a brickdust deposit in the vessel; pain in the testicles as if bruised; profuse menses, and fear of death during pregnancy; short dry cough, excited by titillation of the throat after midnight; bloody and slimy MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 755 expectoration when coughing; influenza and sore-throat; short breath when sleeping; fetid breath; pleurisy; anxious, difficult and sobbing breathing; acute pains in the chest; inflammation of the lungs; intense anguish in the chest; palpitation of the heart, with intense anxiety; pain in the small of the back as if bruised and beaten; the arms feel lame as if beaten; pain in the hips as if beaten; inflammatory swelling of the legs. 2.—Arnica Montana. Eange of Use.—Affections arising from mechanical injuries; bruises, sprains and wounds, principally inflicted by blunt instruments, bites, dislocations, sprains and frac- tures ; stings of insects; corns, by an external use, when sensitive and painful; rheumatism, with tearing pains; tingling, burning pains, as if bruised; affections arising from a shock or fall, or bruise, or from lifting; rushes of blood to the head; heat in the head, and cold feet; pains aggravated by talking or gentle exercise, and apoplexy; wounds caused by bruises, bites or boils; hot, hard, shining swellings; drowsiness in day- time, and in the evening at an early hour; anxious and frightful dreams; chilliness in the evening, and fever; intermittent fevers, with a good deal of thirst, the fever preceded by pains in the limbs and bones as if bruised; puerperal fever; anxious and sad, hypochondriacal and inconsolable; vertigo when walking; pressing headache, especially in the forehead; jerking, tearing and stitching in the head; rush of blood to the head, with burning heat in the head, the body being cool or naturally warm; headache caused by a fall; external tingling of the scalp upon the top of the head; tingling around the eyes- inflammation of the eyes from injury; swollen lids; eyes 756 RANGE OF USE OF THE without lustre, and profuse discharge of burning tears; pain in the ears as if bruised; long stitches in and behind the ears; roaring in the ears, and deafness after injuries; sensation as if the nose were bruised; swelling and bleed- ing of the nose; countenance pale and sunken; redness of one cheek only; beating or tingling of the cheeks; swelling of the cheeks; cracked borders of the lips; pain in teeth, with swelling of the cheeks; disagreeable tingling of the gums; spitting of blood; dry or white coated tongue; burning in the throat; putrid taste in the mouth; bitter taste in the morning; aversion to meat; bitter or putrid risings, or empty risings from the stomach; gulping up of bitter mucus; inclination to vomit early in the morning; empty retching and inclination to vomit; vomiting of coagulated food; and vomiting of milk and blood after drinking; fulness in the stomach; stitches in the pit of the stomach, with pressure extending to the back, and tightness of the chest; stitches in the left side when walking, arresting the breath and painful; colic after lifting; pain in the sides of the abdomen as if bruised; watery diarrhoea, and involuntary at night; thin stools after several ineffectual attempts; unable to urinate, with pressure in the bladder; brown urine, with brick-dust sediment; blood mixed with the urine; blue red swelling of the penis and scrotum; swelling of the testicles, and dropsy of the testicles; and in females, pre- mature courses, and after-pains in women who have been confined, very severe and of long duration; dry cough, after crying of children; hooping-cough; expectoration of blood, with oppressed breathing; shooting stitches and pains in the head when coughing; oppressed breathing; anxious panting or short breathing; fetid breath; stitches in the chest that interrupts the breath; rheumatic pains MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 757 in the side as if sore and bruised; soreness of the nipples; pain as if beaten in the small of the back; tingling along the spine; pain in the arm as if bruised, with tingling in the arm and sprains of the wrist; bruised, painful feeling in the hands; bruised feeling in the legs and feet; draw- ing and weariness in the thighs; tearing pains in the knee, and a feeling as if the tendons were too short, aggravated when walking; tingling in the feet; swelling and erysipelas of the feet; toes hot, red and swollen, 3.—Arsenicum Album. Eange of Use.—Burning, chiefly in the stomach or in the other interior parts affected; sharp drawing pains; night pains, almost unbearable, creating despair; aggra- vation of suffering in the evening in bed, or lying on the part affected, or when asleep; mitigation by heat applied externally and by moving about; loss of strength, great weakness, the energies entirely prostrated; skin dry as parchment, or cold and bluish, ulcers with raised and hard edges; fetid smell; irritating suppuration; bleeding, putridity and bluish or greenish color of the ulcers; dry burning; blue and cold skin; blood-blisters, and itch-like pimples; spots upon the skin; black pustules, as if near mortification; festering itch, with burning pain; burning ulcers, with acrid discharges; ulcers that have been so much inflamed as to present a black appearance, extremely painful, with stinging and burning; sleepless and restless- ness at night; starting and twitching of the limbs, or of the whole body during sleep, or on the point of falling asleep; restlessness and anguish about the heart every night; anxious dreams; general coldness; sinking of the pulse, and clammy perspiration; very chilly; without thirst; generally after drinking, with paroxysms of pain, 758 RANGE OF USE OF THE or followed with other symptoms; vertigo, with fever following, and humming in the ears; intermittent fevers, where each paroxysm commences with chilliness and heat at the same time; great restlessness and thirst; typhus fevers; very restless in mind, and anxious about every thing, causing one to walk to and fro in the daytime; in bed and out at night, especially after first going to bed; irritable, especially after taking brandy too freely; disposition to be troubled about other people's faults; feels confused and heavy; vertigo, and throbbing in the head; beating pain in the forehead; swelling ofthe head, and scald head; inflammation, with burning in the eyes and inner surface of the eyelids; disposition to shed tears, and the lids become stuck together during sleep every night; specks upon the eye near the sight; humming in the ears as if the ears were stopped; burning in the nose; excessive discharge of burning, acrid, thin mucus; bluish foce; sunken eyes; cadaverous look; bloated below the eyelids; cancer on the face; the lips blackish, cracked and dry; swelling of the glands of the under jaw; pain in the teeth at night, aggravated by lying in bed on the affected side, mitigated by sitting near a warm stove; grating of the teeth; sore mouth; inflammation of the little follicles, with burning and fetor; cracked tongue; dry streak in the middle of the tongue; sore throat when swallowing, as from an internal swelling; ineffectual attempts to swallow; burning in the throat, and some pain; bitter taste after eating; constant desire for drinks; desire for sour things, or brandy; hiccough and empty risings; nausea and weak feeling, compelling one to lie down; habitual vomiting of the food from the stomach; green vomitings; black vomitings; violent vomiting of burning acrid bile; pressure at the pit of the stomach, MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 759 very painful to the touch, with anguish; cancer of the stomach; swollen and distended; excessive pain in the bowels; anguish and hardness of the bowels; colic pains like cutting sensation, with internal heat and external coldness; violent burning pains in the whole abdomen; urgent desire for stool; watery stool; greenish, yellowish, fetid, putrid and very offensive stools; burning stools, with violent colic; burning humor around the anus, extending up the rectum; stoppage of the urine in con- sequence of paralysis of the bladder; at other times burning urine, with slimy sediment; burning eruptions upon the scrotum; profuse flow during the courses; sore throat, with dry, burning sensation in the throat, unable to raise anything from coughing; very dry cough after drinking; tightness of the chest; spasmodic asthma; suffocating asthma in the bed at night, sensation as if the chest were contracted; burning in the chest; palpita- tion ofthe heart, with great anguish, especially at night; cancer of the heart; violent burning in the back; tearing or drawing pain in the back, running up under the shoulder blades, obliging one to lie down; swelling of the arms, covered with black pocks; burning ulcers at the top of the fingers; severe pains in the hip-joint, accompanied with much heat and burning; old ulcers upon the legs; neuralgia pains in knee-joints; burning and swelling of the feet. 4.—Belladonna. Eange of Use.—Ailments caused by cold; rheumatic pains in the limbs; bilious derangement of the stomach, and severe pain in the head; inflammations of any of the internal organs, inviting the blood to any part; tendency to rush of blood to head; or quinsy, or epilepsy, or fits; 760 range of use of the excited senses; noises unbearable; lock-jaw; convulsions of children; spasms from teething; inflammation of the throat, and inflammation of the brain; scarlet red erup- tions upon the skin, with dryness, heat, burning, bloated appearance of the surface; smooth genuine scarlet fever, and erysipelas of the skin; scarlet rash over the whole body, and hot swellings, boils, and highly inflamed pocks; restless at night; ineffectual effort to sleep; starting as if from fright; disturbed by anxious dreams; alternate chil- liness and heat; chilliness that runs down the back; rush of blood to the head, and pressure in the forehead; con- tinuous burning heat and restlessness; throbbing of the blood-vessels; inflammatory fevers affecting the nose, lungs and head, with violent delirium; typhoid fever; melancholy and lowness of spirits, crying as if from rage, anguish and restlessness; trembling, diffidence and des- pondency; mania; headstrong; loss of consciousness and stupid; mania and ludicrous gesticulations; illusions of fancy; feeling about the head as if intoxicated, and reel- ing; vertigo, with anguish and falling; headache after dinner, and after taking cold in the head; stupefying headache, with loss of consciousness; periodical nervous headache, and pressure from within; outward rush of blood to the head; inflammation ofthe brain; dropsy of the brain; disposition and effort to bury the head in the pillow; pains in the eyes and in the balls 7 violent aching through the eyes; inflammation of the eyes; dilated pupils ; strabismus or cross-eyed ; dread of light; swell- ing of the parotid glands; hardness of hearing resulting from a cold in the head; inflammatory swelhng of the nose, internally and externally; dry nose, one nostril stopped up; bleeding from the nose and mouth; redness of the face, somewhat bluish and bloated; distorted fea- MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 761 tures, expressive of anguish; violent cutting aching of the face; swelhng of the face from erysipelas; dark red lips; eruptions at the corners of the mouth; swelling of the glands of the under-jaw; pain in the teeth from cold; neu- ralgia of the teeth; mouth dry, without thirst; consider- able quantity of tough mucus in the mouth; swelling and redness of the tongue and palate; sore-throat and spasms of the fauces or back portion of the mouth, preventing the act of swallowing; swelling of the uvula and tonsils; absence of taste; slimy, insipid taste; thirst, but unable to drink; aversion to food; nausea and loathing of food; empty gagging; vomiting of mucus; pressure at the pit of the stomach, and bleeding after eating; painful disten- sion of the abdomen, and painful as if raw and sore; flatulent colic; constipation; mucus stools; involuntary stools; stoppage of the urine, but constant sensation as if urged to urinate; urine dark, torbid or flaming red; urging to urinate in the afternoon, with pale yellow urine; involuntary emission of urine; nocturnal emis- sions and weakness of the male genital organs; bearing down pains; falling of the womb; flow of blood from the womb; hemorrhage of bright red blood from the womb; sliort, hurried and anxious respiration; danger of suffocation when swallowing; the throat excessively painful, as if filling up; rough, hoarse voice; short cough and night cough; hooping-cough, and cough after mid- night; oppression of the chest and short breath; stitches throught the chest; uneasiness and beating in the chest; rush of blood to the chest; inflammation of the lungs; milk fever, or copious discharges of milk from the breasts; stiffness of the neck; painful swelling of the neck and nape of the neck; painful swelling of the glands of the neck and those under the arms; paralysis of the arms; 65* 762 RANGE OF USE OF THE scarlet redness of the arms and hands; violent pain, with pressure in the shoulder; pain in the hip-joint, worse at night; violent pains in the knees; heaviness and lame- ness of the legs and feet. 5.—Bryonia. Eange of Use.—Eheumatic fevers; typhoid fevers; bilious, intermittent and typhus fevers; shining swelling of individual parts; ailments arising from having a chill; a chill caused by anguish; general coldness of the body; hysteric spasms; pain on moving about, and drawing through the whole body; erysipelas and rash; itching, smarting and burning pimples on the skin; spots as in malignant fever; ulcers, with feeling of coldness; dis- posed to be drowsy, and yawn in the daytime; unable to sleep before midnight; thirst so intense during sleep as to awaken; vexatious dreams; delirium at night; talking and walking in the sleep; chilliness and coldness of the body when in bed; shaking chill, with heat in the head; red face and thirst before; vertigo and headache and stretching; general dry heat, internally and externally; intermittent fevers, with coldness prevailing; inflamma- tory, bilious, typhoid, milk and childbed fevers; profuse sweats; morning and evening perspiration, with a sour smell; restlessness of mind, and dread of future; a good deal of crying; irritable, vexed, vehement; delirious talk about business; head dull, confused; great fulness and heaviness of the head, with digging pressure in the direction of the forehead; pressing in the brain, either from within outwards, or from without inwards; inflam- mation of the brain, headache worse when in motion; pressure in the eyes in the evening; burning of the eyes; inflammation of the eyes and lids, and particularly of new MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 763 born infants; itching tetter upon the lids; painful and red swelling of the hds; stick together after sleeping; dread of light; intolerance of noise and humming in the ears; inflammation up within the nostrils, and bleeding at the nose from suppression of the courses; chronic dry discharge from nose; red and burning; swelling of the face; lips cracked; pain in the teeth at night in bed; drawing, jerking, sensation as if the teeth were loose and elongated; dryness of the mouth and throat; stinging pains in the throat; flat, insipid and foul taste in the mouth; everything tastes bitter, either at the time or after taking it in the mouth; between meals or early in the morning; violent thirst after drinking beer; longing for wine and sour drinks and coffee; enormous appetite, or loss of appetite after eating a mouthful; bitter and sour risings from the stomach; gulping up the food; inclina- tion to vomit, especially after eating food well liked; empty efforts to vomit; vomiting undigested food from the stomach, and glary liquid, bitter vomiting of blood: pressure in the stomach as from a stone, after eating; heartburn; stitching pains at the pit of the stomach when treading or making a wrong step, or when lying on the side; burning in the stomach during motion; pain in the right side; painful sensation when being touched, or coughing or drawing a breath; inflammation of the liver; abdominal spasms and cramps; inflammation of the bowels; loud rumbling in the abdomen; constipa- tion; costiveness of long standing; diarrhoea; violent colic attending the discharge of undigested food; small quantity of urine, red or brown, and hot; an irresistible desire to urinate; suppression of the courses, and at other times too early, and profuse bleeding from the uterus; puerperal fever; hoarseness; cough; titillation 764 RANGE OF USE OF THE of the throat; spasmodic and suffocating cough, with vomiting food from the stomach; cough with stitches in the sides of the chest, with aching pains in the head as if it would fly to pieces; yellowish expectoration, with pure blood or blood-streaked mucus, with little lumps of blood; difficult breathing; paroxysms of asthma; pres- sure at the chest as from a load; stitches in the chest and sides of the chest when coughing, or when drawing a long breath, or lying on the back, or in motion; palpi- tation of the heart; milk fever; pain in the small of the back, like a painful stiffness; stitching in the back and small of the back; rheumatic stiffness and tightness in the nape of the neck; tearing in the shoulder joints and upper arms, with tightness and stiching and swelling of the parts; swelling ofthe arm at the elbow-joint; pain in the wrist-joint as if sprained, when moving it; swelling of the hands; drawing pains in the thighs; stitches in the thighs from the seat to the ankles, with intolerance of contact or motion; perspiration; stiffness and swelling of the knees; tensive stitching and tearing in the calves of the legs down to the ankles; swelling of the legs down to the feet, pain as if sprained; swelling of the feet, with redness, heat, and stitching pain; sensation of parts being stretched during motion. 6.—Calcarea Carbonica. Eange of Use.—Tearing in the limbs and joints; numbness of single parts liable to straining by lifting; ailments from teething; swelling and curvature of the bones; pains excited or aggravated by washing in cold water; subject to being easily impressed from cold air; chronic eruptions; scald head; nettle-rash; humid and scurfy eruptions or tetters; hard spots on the skin; warts MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 765 or corns, with burning pain; itching ofthe skin; drowsy in the daytime, and early in the evening; lascivious dreams or fancies, and wanderings of the mind, with anxiety; difficult breathing at night, and thirst; Chilli- ness internally, with frequent flushes of heat and anguish; profuse perspiration in the daytime, from moderate exer- tion of the body; night or morning sweat; weeping; anxiety and anguish, and horrible disagreeable feelings on waking; despairing of success, and dread of sickness, wretchedness and accidents; sensitive and out of humor; chronic dulness of the head; dizziness before breakfast, with trembling; vertigo when ascending an eminence; pain in the head after lifting; pain in one side of the head, with belching of wind and inclination to vomit; stupefying or throbbing headache from mental efforts; icy coldness in and about the head; fulness and rush of blood to the head; falling out of the hair, and evening sweat about the head; pressure in the eyes; smarting in the eyes when reading by candle-light; sore eyes from mechanical injuries or cold; dilated pupils; dimness of sight, as if caused by a fog; discharge of pus from the ears; hardness of hearing; ulcerated scurfy nostrils yellow complexion, and humid scurfy eruptions on the lips and cheeks; toothache caused by the extremes of heat and cold; dry tongue, and very red; spasmodic con- struction of the throat; very sour taste in the mouth, and very thirsty all the time, and complete loss of appetite; belching of wind and heartburn after eating any kind of food; nausea in the morning; sour vomiting of young children; vomiting of the contents of the stomach; pain in the stomach, with cramp and vomiting of food, espe- cially after eating; swelled at the pit and region of the stomach; pains in the fiver, and a tension in both the right 766 RANGE OF USE OF THE and left side, unable to bear tight clothing at all; fulness ofthe bowels, as if distended with wind; bowels swollen hard, with colic and spasms; the bowels are sometimes constipated, at others loose, amounting to a diarrhoea; excessive, pungent, burning and fetid urine; weakness of the sexual power; leucorrhoea before the menses; frequent hoarseness and accumulation of mucus in the chest, and also cough without expectoration, as if some dust were in the throat; cough, with yellow fetid expec- toration ; suppuration of the lungs and bloody cougb; stitching in the chest, and in the sides of the chest during motion; sore pain in the chest when drawing breath; palpitation of the heart after eating; pain in the small of the back and nape of the neck, after straining the parts by lifting, or pains as if sprained; curvature of the spine; swelling of the glands of the neck; rheumatic pains and weakness in the arms, hands or fingers; the legs are dis- posed to bend in children; they feel heavy and crampy; the knees swell, the feet feel numb in the evening, some- times ulcers on the legs. 7.—Carbo Vegetabilis. Eange of Use.—Eheumatic pains in the limbs and bones, with burning and prostration; lameness in the morning; burning of the skin here and there; dry itch; fetid ulcers; sleepless the fore part of the night, but falls asleep late; chilliness and coldness ofthe body; intermit- tent, with thirst during the cold stage; night-sweats; anguish and restless in the evening, and dread of ghosts; whirling of the head; pain in the head from heat; heavi- ness and oppression of the head; tearing in the outer parts of the forehead and back part of the head; nightly sticking of the lids; burning pressure of the eyes, and MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 767 bleeding from them; want of ear wax; fetid discharge from the ear; itching of the nose, and frequent bleeding, with pale face; cracked lips; toothache; chronic loose- ness of the teeth, and bleeding of the gums; humor upon the tongue; dryness or flow of water in the mouth; scraping and burning in the throat and palate; bitter taste; chronic aversion to meat; acidity in the mouth after eating; sweat when eating; nausea in the morning; water-brash and vomiting of blood; burning and aching heartburn; pain in both sides, below the ribs and disten- sion of the bowels, and sometimes colic; bowels costive and difficult to move, with burning at the anus; thin, pale-colored slimy stool; wetting the bed; copious flow of urine; premature menses, and too profuse; con- tinual hoarseness, sore-throat, dry cough, and cough in the evening; short breathing, with tightness and oppres- sion of the chest; burning in the chest and dropsy; rheu- matic drawing pains in the back and nape of the neck; drawing and tearing in the arms and.wrists and fingers; lameness of the wrist-joints; laming, drawing pains in the lower limbs; crampy feeling in the legs and soles of the feet; sweaty feet, and redness and swelling of the toes. 8.—Chamomilla. Eange of Use.—Bilious derangements; various ail- ments of females; pregnant and lying-in women; teeth- ing children and new-born infants; irritable, restless and sensitive conditions of the nervous system; bad effects of disappointment or chagrin; rash in young children; soreness of children; sleep with open eyes, or half open; restlessness at night, with paroxysms of anxiety; crying, screaming und starting and tossing about during sleep; shuddering of single parts, and shuddering with internal 768 RANGE OF USE OF THE heat; burning heat and sour sweat; bilious fevers; lung fevers; fevers in children when teething; anxious moan- ing and tossing about; vexed and whining mood, with crying; crying of new-born infants; confused state of the head, unable to comprehend; whirling early in the morning, and attacks of vertigo, as if one would faint; headache in the morning; heaviness; pains drawing and tearing on one side of the head; rush of blood to the head, with beating in the brain; inflammation of the eyes and margins of the lids; hemorrhage from the eyes; spasmodic closing of the lids; twitching of the eyes and lids; distortion of the eyes; pains in the ears; inflamma- tory swelling of the parotid glands; very sensitive smell, nose sore and ulcerated; frequent change of color, red face, one cheek red; erysipelas of the face, bloated, with hardness and throbbing of the cheek; convulsions of the face; twitchings of the lips; toothache after eating and drinking; after coffee and warm drinks; difficult den- tition, producing spasms in children; toothache at night, with swelling of the cheeks; frothing at the mouth, as in spasms of teething children; convulsive movement of the tongue; tightness of the throat, with soreness, caused by a cold; little inclination to take food; bitter taste in the mouth; inclination to vomit early in the morning, or with suffocating fits after drinking coffee; bilious vomit- ing; heartburn; colic, pain at the pit of the stomach, as if from a stone, after a meal; cutting pains and colic, above the navel; spasms of the bowels; rupture in either groin; watery, greenish diarrhoea, or like the yolks of eggs; undigested stools; excoriations around the arms in children; hot and burning and excoriating in children; yellow urine, with flocujent sediment; profuse discharge of blood from the womb; thirst during the cold and hot MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 769 stage, and during the sweating stage; fevers commencing with other ailments; bilious and typhoid fevers; fevers that occur in the morning, with small feeble pulse; sweat- ing during exercise and sleep; anguish; loss of courage; excessively nervous, with low spirits, and intolerance of noise, despising everything, and everything seems flat; ideas and plans crowd upon the mind, with slow develop- ment of ideas when thinking; dulness of the head as of a cold, and loss of sleep; whirling of the head when raising it; headache from cold, and as if the head would split; headache, with sleeplessness at night; rush of blood to the head, with heat and fulness; the scalp and even the hair are sensitive to contact; sore eyes and incipient blindness; dread of light; humming and ringing in the ears; frequent bleeding from the nose and mouth; nose hot and red; pale or livid or dark yellow; sunken with hollow eyes; dry parched lips, with a black streak; jerk- ing, tearing toothache, when in contact with the open air; distressing dull pain in hollow teeth; slimy, flat-watery taste; spitting blood; yellow coated tongue; stinging sore throat; everything in the form of food and drink has a bitter taste; feeling as if satisfied and averse to taking food and drink, much thirst, unable to decide upon dain- ties, but craves them; fulness of the bowels after eating, which causes oppression and drowsiness; sense of pres- sure after eating; belchings of a bitter taste; heartburn; vomiting of blood; enlargement of the liver; pain in the left side under the ribs; the bowels feel pressed and full after a meal; dropsy and swelling of the bowels; flatulent colic; fetid flatulence; scanty, slow and difficult stools; watery yellow or mucus diarrhoea; undigested diarrhoea stools, sometimes involuntary; disposition to urinate when asleep; sexual desires excited with lascivious ideas; pro- 6H 770 RANGE OF USE OF THE fuse menstruation; inflammation of the ovaria; painful hardness of the neck of the womb; leucorrhoea, watery or bloody; hoarseness, husky voice, deep when singing; suffocating cough at night, with pains in the chest; expec- toration streaked with blood; bleeding from the lungs; matter formed in the lungs; suffocation from mucus in the air tubes; wheezing when breathing; pressure at the the chest; stitches at the chest and sides; inflammation of the lungs, with typhoid symptoms; violent rush of blood to the chest and palpitation of the heart; dull pains in the small of the back at night: great weakness of the arms, hands and fingers, with jerking of the muscles and bones: weakness and unsteadiness in the hip, knee and ankle-joint: swelhng of the joints, and painful to the touch; red, hard swelling of the feet. 9.—Cina. Eange of Use.—Pains in the extremities of a drawing, laming, cramping character; convulsions and worm affec- tions ; sleepless at night and tossing about; frequent shud- dering, even near a warm stove; intermittent fever, with vomiting of food and canine hunger; disposition to cry and be restless, cannot bear to be touched; delirium during fever; pressure upon the head, and headache from reading; dimness of sight when reading, passes off by rubbing the eyes; crampy twitching in the outer ear; disposition to bore in the nose; fluent discharge; sickly and pale appearance around the eyes, bloated, bluish; toothache caused by air and cold drinks; inability to swallow; canine hunger, bitter taste, voracious; vomiting of worms and pinching pain in the stomach; soft stools, but not watery; wetting the bed; courses too early and excessive; dry spasmodic cough, with anxiety; stitching MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 771 and boring in the chest; oppressed respiration; pain as if bruised in the small of the back; crampy tearing in the arms and hands; spasmodic stretching or tearing of the lower limbs. 10— Coffea Cruda. Eange of Use.—Excessive irritability of the body and mind, especially of lying-in women; ailments and pains after taking cold; aversion to the open air; convul- sions; affections arising from excessive emotions; ill effects from intoxication; irritability of the skin of a nervous character; sleepless and wakeful; sleepless in- fants, with crying; chilliness, with feverish temperature of the body; whining mood, with cries, tossing about, anguish about the heart; pain in one side of the head; toothache, with restlessness; jerking in the teeth; heart- burn and flatulent colic of infants; colic, with acute sen- sitiveness, driving one to despair; diarrhoea during teeth- ing ; excessive labor-pains, and violent after-pains; short, hacking, dry cough; suffocating catarrh; trembling of the hands and feet; crampy affections in both the upper and lower extremities; tearing pains in the teeth and gums; tearing pains in the back part of the mouth; flow of watery saliva; the tongue feels heavy, stiff and insensi- ble; inflammation ofthe tonsils and throat; mucus in the mouth and throat; fainting nausea from the smell of eggs and fat meat; vomiting of food; stomach sensitive to touch, and burning feeling in the stomach, and a feel- ing of coldness; pressing pains in the bowels from within outwards; dropsy of the abdomen; indolent stools; dysen- teric diarrhoea; tearing in the anus; diminished secretion of dark urine, straining and burning; painful emission of a little hot urine, and burning in the urinary passages; 772 RANGE OF USE OF THE oppression of the chest, with difficult breathing; spasm of the chest; violent palpitation of the heart; pain in the small of the back when touching it, as if sore; tearing in the arms, hands and fingers; lame feeling in the arms; tingling in the fingers; tearing in the legs, feet and toes; hot swelling of the legs, and tingling in the toes. 11.—Colocynthis. Eange of Use.—Painful crampy contraction of the bowels, with drawing up of the extremities; troublesome itching, with great restlessness; lowness of spirits, anguish and restlessness; pressing in the fore part of the head; aching of one half of the head, with nausea and vomit- ing ; burning and cutting in the eyes; pain at the pit of the stomach; distension of the bowels; crampy pain and constriction in the bowels; violent colic after chagrin; dysenteric diarrhoea, with colic; diminished in quantity; impotence in the male; suppression of the discharges after childbirth, brought on by excitement; dry, hacking cough; acute and chronic pains in the hip and region of the kidneys, extending down the thighs; voluntary limp- ing ; stiffness of the knees, not allowing one to squat down. 12.—Drosera rotundifolia. Eange of Use.—Emaciation, pains in the bones and joints gnawing and stinging, all the limbs feel bruised and outwardly painful; throat consumption; frequent start- ing during sleep; snoring when lying on the back; inter- mittent fever; constant chilliness when at rest; anxiety, especially when alone, with fever; dread of ghosts; pain in the forehead; sore scalp; bitter taste; thirst; aversion to fat food; vomiting of bile, or mucus, after a fit of coughing; rough scraping; feeling of dryness and incli- MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 773 nation to cough; hoarseness; chronic inflammation of the larynx and windpipe, with much phlegm; cough and hoarseness after measles; night cough; hooping cough; spasmodic cough, with effort to vomit; tightness of the chest and contraction when talking; pain in the back as if lamed and bruised; the joints of the arms and wrist- joints feel as if lamed and bruised, and in the ankle- joints as if dislocated. 13.—Dulcamara. Eange of Use.—Ailments arising from a cold; swell- ing and induration of the glands; dropsical swelling of the whole body, occurring rapidly after acute diseases; nettle-rash; suppurating humid tetters; dry scaby tetter; very drowsy in the daytime, wakes very early; dry heat and burning in the skin; mucus fever after a cold; inter- nal uneasiness; impatience; delirium at night; gradual failing of the sight from weakness of the optic nerve; bleeding at the nose; milk-crust upon the face; profuse flow of saliva, preceded by dry tongue; paralysis of the tongue; thickness of the speech and swelling of the tongue; violent thirst for cold liquids, generally with dry tongue; colic from cold; vomiting tenacious mucus; diarrhoea after a cold, with colic; green slimy diarrhoea; scanty fetid urine, with slimy sediment; hoOping-cough after a cold; mucus expectoration; humid cough; violent tightness of the chest; dropsy of the chest; dull stitches in the chest on both sides; violent pain in the loins above the hips during rest; lameness ofthe arm; herpetic erup- tion and warts on the hands; sweaty palms of the hands. 66* 774 RANGE OF USE OF THE 14.—Helleborus Niger. Eange OF Use.—General dropsy after scarlatina; con- vulsive movements of the muscles; typhus fever, with softening of the muscles; silent melancholy; excessive anguish as if one would die; hypochondria; dullness and a bruised pain in the head; dropsy of the head; painful feehng of the scalp on the back part of the head; boring of the head into the pillows; heaviness in the eyes press- ing from above downwards; dread of light, mouth, &c.; profuse flow of saliva; rigid and swollen tongue; nausea, with great desire to eat and aversion to food; distension of the stomach and bowels; distress at the pit of the stomach; heavy breathing; dropsy of the chest; sense of constriction of the chest; boring and stinging in the wrists and hands; in the knees and joints of the feet. 15.—Hepar sulphuris calcis. Eange of Use.—Ulceration of the glands; suppura- tion of inflamed parts; pains aggravated at night; scro- fulous complaints; erysipelas of external parts; burning and itching over the body; blotches; ulcers that bleed readily; cracks in the skin; very drowsy early in tbe morning and evening, with convulsive yawning; starting at night as if for want of air; dry heat at night, or night sweat; anguish in the evening; weak memory; vertigo; stitches when stooping, and boring headache; blotches on the head, sore to the touch; stinging in the eyes; inflammation of the eyes and lids, also erysipelatious and scrofulous inflammation; spasmodic closing of the lids; dread of light; discharge of fetid pus; humming in the ears; inflammation of the nose, sore to the touch, and fetid discharge of mucus; bright red hot face; erysipelas MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 775 and swelling of the face, sore when touched; drawing, jerking toothache; feverish flow of saliva; hawking up mucus; sore throat as from a plug; stinging in the throat; bitter taste; dyspepsia; belching of wind; pressure at the stomach; distention in the pit of the stomach; inflammation of the kidneys; contractive pain in the bowels; stool hard and dry; sour, whitish diarrhoea in children; dysenteric stools; dark red, hot urine; nightly wetting the bed; bloody urine; soreness and dampness between the thighs and scrotum; discharge of a thin milky matter after a hard stool; soreness of the female parts; rush of blood to the womb; dry evening cough; paroxysms of dry hoarse cough, with anguish and retch- ing; cancer of the heart; drawing in the back; ulcera- tion of the auxiliary glands; pain in the arms above the elbows as if lamed and bruised; swelling of the finger joints; pain in the hips and thighs; swelhng of the knees. 16.—Hyoscyamus niger. Eange of Use.—Inflammation of internal organ/*, with typhoid symptoms; spasms also caused by wormia, or in the case of women in childbed; epileptic fits; ill effects of unfortunate love, with jealousy; morbid sleep, as in contagious typhus fevers; inclined to laugh at every thing; jealous imbecility; mania lasciviousness; inflam- mation and stupor of the head; dropsy of the brain; the head shakes to and fro; eyes red, squinting; spasmodic closing of the lids; far-sighted; objects seem larger; bloated red face; lockjaw; throbbing toothache after a cold; pain in the gums; frothing at the mouth; red tongue, parched and dry; constriction of the throat, with inability to swallow liquids; canine hunger; aversion to drinks; vomiting of bloody mucus and dark red blood; 776 RANGE OF USE OF THE colicky spasms in the bowels; watery diarrhoea; involun tary stools and discharge of urine; frequent urging to urinate; hysteric spasms previous to the menses; sterility; dry spasmodic cough, or catarrh upon the lungs; dry cough at night, or cough without irritation; spasms of the chest, and typhoid inflammation of the lungs; painful spasms of the thighs and calves. 17.—Ignatia amara. Eange of Use.—Bad effects of chagrin, grief or fright, or unhappy love; ailments from abuse of coffee; hysteric debility and fainting fits; itching which disappears by scratching; nettle-rash; deep stupifying sleep; spasmodic yawning; restless sleep; chilliness, heat all over except the feet, no thirst either during heat or sweat; silent grief; inclines to start; delicacy of feeling and con- science ; alternate mirth and sad weeping mood; vertigo; aching above the nose, lessened by bending the head forwards; pressing in the head from within outwards; headache as if from a nail in the brain; the head inclines backwards; pressure in the eyes as from sand; scrofulous sore eyes; convulsive movement of the eyes and lids; dread of light; swelling of the parotid gland; sore nos- trils ; redness and burning heat of one cheek; alternate redness and paleness; lips dry and chapped; convulsive twitchings ofthe corners of the mouth; difficult dentition; mouth and throat inflamed and red; sore-throat as from a plug; stinging sore-throat and soreness of the throat, only when swallowing; empty and weak feeling in the pit of the stomach; fulness and distension of the bowels at the sides, and spasms of the bowels; hard faeces, whitish yellow; diarrhoea consisting of mucus blood; falling out of the rectum; itching and creeping in the rectum; fre- MORE prominent remedies used. 777 quent discharge of watery urine; spasms of the womb, brought on by grief, &c.; cough from constriction of the throat-pit; dry cough; asthmatic breathing; spasmodic constriction of the chest; convulsive twitchings of the arms and lower limbs. 18.—Ipecacuanha. Eange of Use.—Attacks of illness, with loathing of food and great prostration; bleeding from various organs; ill effects of arsenic and quinine; lockjaw; convulsions; moaning in the sleep and frightful dreams; coldness, especially of the hands and feet; thirst only during the chilliness; intermittent fevers, and also after the abuse of peruvian bark; peevish and contemptuous and impa- tient; pain in one side of the head; nausea and vomiting; stitching headache, with heaviness of the head; pressure of the head; twitching of the eyelids; bleeding from the nose; pale face; convulsive twitchings of the muscles of the face; convulsive twitching of the lips; aversion to every kind of food; nausea; vomiting of thin bile or jelly- like mucus; vomiting, with diarrhoea; violent distress in the stomach and pit of the stomach; sensation as if a hand with fingers spread out were pressing on the abdomen, and the anterior joints were boring into the bowels, aggra- vated by motion; diarrhoea; fermented stools; bloody bilious, mucus diarrhoea; bleeding from the womb; mis- carriage ; stoppage of the nose, or inveterate acrid dis- charge ; dry cough; racking spasmodic cough, with arrest of breathing; expectoration of blood with the cough; anxious hurried breathing; spasmodic tightness of the chest, with constriction of the throat, and panting, sob- bing breathings; asthma and palpitation of the heart; convulsive twitchings of the legs and feet. 778 RANGE OF USE OF THE 19.—Lycopodium. Eange of Use.—Tearing of the limbs at night and during rest; stinging pains; numbness and insensibility of the limbs; dropsical swelling of single parts and organs; internal weakness; weakness of the limbs, espe- cially during rest; itching when getting heated; dry skin; livid spots; humid tetter; boils; sore skin; fre- quent yawning; drowsy in the daytime; restless; weary on waking; flushes of heat; typhoid fever; night sweat, sometimes fetid and clammy; anxiety when people come too near; irritable, sensitive and obstinate; impeded activity of the mind; pain as if from a nail in the head; tearing headache; rush of blood to the head; eruptions on the head suppurating profusely with fetid smell; pres- sure in the eyes and smarting at candle-light; inflamma- tion of the eyes and lids; agglutinations or sticking of the lids at night, with flow of tears in the daytime; dis- charge from the ears; excessive sensitiveness of the hear- ing; roaring in the ears; hardness of hearing; excessive sensitiveness of smell; pale face; sallow face, with deep wrinkles; circumscribed redness of the cheeks; frequent flushes of heat in the face and itching eruption; swelling of the glands on the under jaw; dull toothache; dry mouth; tetter of the mouth; dry throat; sores in the upper part of the throat and mouth; eating ulcers upon the tonsils; no appetite; food tastes sour, or canine hun- ger and fulness of the stomach and chest after eating; sour belchings; heartburn; paroxysms of violent hic- cough; water-brash; pressure at the stomach after every meal; swelling at the pit of the stomach, with painfulness of contact; pinching in the abdomen and inguinal hernia; rumbling: chronic constipation: itching and tension of MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 779 the anus; passing urine drop by drop, sometimes bloody; chronic dryness of the vagina; excessive or deficient sexual desire; hoarseness, with soreness of the chest when talking; nightly cough, affecting the head, stomach and diaphragm; titillating cough, excited by long breath, with salt, yellowish-grey expectoration; purulent expec- toration ; bloody cough; shortness of breath; oppression; constant pressure in the chest; stitches in the chest, especially the left; palpitation of the heart; drawing pains; swelling of the cervical and axiliary glands; drawing pain in the arms; the arms and fingers are liable to go to sleep; dry skin on the hands, and twitch- ing of the fingers; tearing in the thighs and knees during the night; stiffness of the knee; swelling of the knee; inveterate ulcers on the legs; swelling of the feet; corns, with stinging pain. 20.—Mercurius vivus. Eange of Use.—Eheumatic arthritic drawing at night; shining red swelling of the joints; jaundice and bilious complaints; lymphatic affections; rickets; pains rendered intolerable by warmth in the bed; fall dysentery, &c; itch- ing aggravated by the warmth of the bed; eating ulcers, bleeding freely; eruptions; malignant sores; uneasy superficial sleep, and anxiety at night; fever; chills; night fevers; mucus fever; inflammatory fevers, with disposition to perspire; profuse night-sweats; anguish; obstinate; impatient; full of disputation; vertigo, with nausea in the evening; headache as if the head would fly to pieces; tearing headache on one side, stinging down to the teeth and muscles of the neck; stitching in the hairy scalp and forehead, the hair falls off; pain under the lids as if from some cutting body; burning in 780 RANGE OF USE OF THE the eyes; chronic sore eyes; intolerance of the glare of fire; swollen eyes; scurfs around the eyes; incipient blindness; stitching pain in the ears; purulent discharge fir>m the ears; hardness of hearing; rushing in the ears; red shining swelling of the nose, with itching; profuse excoriating watery discharge; pale complexion; livid cheeks; dingy yellow crust in the face; continued itch- ing day and night, and bleeding after scratching; malig- nant milk-crust; cracks in the lips; ulcerated corners of the mouth; pimples on the chin; toothache, aggravated by cold or warm things, or at night in bed, becoming intolerable; swollen receding gums; tetter of the mouth; inflammatory swelling of the inner mouth; pimples in the mouth; little white blisters upon the tongue; fetid saliva flowing in profusion; sore-throat; burning in the throat |is if a hot vapor were rising from the bowels; loss of voice; inflammation of the tonsils; ulcers in the throat; sweet taste in the mouth; violent burning thirst for cold drinks; canine hunger; aversion to food, espe- cially to warm and solid food; very weak digestion; nausea; inclination to vomit, with sweetish taste in the mouth and throat; bitter bilious vomiting; pressure in the stomach, with sensation as if dragged down, also after the lightest kind of food; inflammation of the liver; dropsy of the abdomen; ineffectual urging, with tenes- mus, especially at night; hard lumpy stool; sour smelling, green slimy or bloody stool; diarrhoea; dysenteric stools; discharge of bright red blood at stool; sudden urging to urinate; excessive disposition to make water, but can pass but a few drops at a time; involuntary emission of urine; dark red fetid urine, which soon becomes turbid; prolapsion of the rectum; rush of blood to the uterus; falling of the passage to the womb; purulent corrosive I-------------------------------------------------------- MORF PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 781 leucorrhoea; swelling of the veins of the penis; sores on the gland of the penis; white slime constantly collecting underneath the skin of the penis; hoarse husky voice; loss of voice; catarrh, with cough and sore-throat; bloody expectoration from the chest; ulceration of the lungs; spasms of the chest; palpitation of the heart; swelling and ulceration of the nipples; shingles; small blisters forming a belt and extending entirely around the whole abdomen; gouty, red, hot swelling of the fore-arm; itch- like eruption on the hands; tearing and stitching in the lower limbs, at night and during motion, with sensation of coldness in the affected parts; shining, transparent, dropsical swelling of the thighs and legs; painful swell- ing of the bones. 21.—Nux vomica. Eange of Use.—Eheumatism and stiffness of the limbs; convulsions; bilious difficulties; jaundice; con- gestions; paralysis; sedentary habits, such as onanism, effects of inebriation from spirits, coffee, tobacco, and taking cold; nervous irritation; great prostration and heaviness; blue spots; boils; chilblains, with burning, itching, &c; very drowsy in the daytime; inability to sleep on the account of ideas pressing upon the mind; anxious horrid dreams; chilliness, evening or night, after drinking or any emotion; chilliness, with heat in the head or redness of the cheeks; chilliness, with or without external coldness; blue skin and blue nails; the chill is attended with pain in the small of the back; fever, attended with yawning, stretching; gastric symp- toms and headache; intermittent fever; hectic, puerperal or typhoid fevers; anguish and restlessness, and inclina- tion to suicide; irresolute, excessive sensitiveness to 67 782 RANGE OF USE OF THE external impressions; tendency to start; irritable; very lazy, with dread of work; cloudiness of the head, as if from drunkenness; the head feels weary, as if from mental labor; vertigo of various descriptions, the head turning round as if intoxicated; headache increased by motion or reflection; headache, with nausea; heaviness of the head; pain in one side of the head, and sour vomiting; pressure of the head from within outwards; rush of blood to the head, with humming in the ears, worse in stormy weather; burning and smarting in the eyes; sore eyes from scrofula, or in gouty persons; spots on the pupils; bleeding from the eyes; painful short stitches in the ears; ringing in the ears; inflammation of the inner nose, with discharge of fetid pus; bleeding of the nose early in the morning; sickly, pale, sallow complexion; yellowish tint around the nose and mouth; glowing redness of the face, with heat; pain in the cheek-bones; painful peeling off of the lips; lockjaw; toothache caused by a cold; dull aching of the teeth; excited cold drink; stinging in decayed teeth; loose teeth; putrid bleeding and swelling of the gums; small blisters upon the tongue; sore mouth; sen- sation as if a plug were in the throat, especially between swallowing; sour taste after eating or drinking; foul taste; thirst; aversion to food; depressed after eating, and drowsy; bitter, foul, sour eructations; frequent vio- lent hiccough when eating; nausea and inclination to vomit, especially early in the morning and after eating; empty retching, especially in the case of drunkards; periodical attacks of vomiting; vomiting and nausea of pregnant females; vomiting of the contents of the sto- mach; bleeding from the stomach; distension and pres- sure in the stomach and at the pit, as if from a stone, after eating; painful feeling as if from contraction at the MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 783 cardiac orifice; contractive griping, tearing heartburn; the clothes press upon the sides; beating in the region of the fiver; acute inflammation of the liver; affections of the kidneys; distension of the bowels; spasmodic colic; hernia; strangulated hernia; wind colic; constipation of a chronic character; watery diarrhoea; dysenteric stools; frequent small mucus stools, with straining; piles; stran- gury, urging to urinate, ending in discharge of blood; inflammation and swelling of the testicles, with spasmodic constrictive strangulation; sexual desire easily excited; congestion of blood to the womb, and weight and heat; inflammation of the female organs; falling of the womb ; too early menses; excessive labor pains; catarrhal hoarse- ness ; constrictive spasm of the larynx; cough, which is excited or aggravated by excessive reading and thinking; cough, with titillation, most violent early in the morning; racking cough as if the head would split; continual cough, dry in the afternoon and at night, with expectoration; oppressed breathing; anxious oppression of the chest; spasmodic asthma of adults; palpitation of the heart; pains in the small of the back as if bruised; burning,. tearing in the back; lameness of the arm; numbness and want of power to move the arms; pain in the hips; draw- ing and stinging in the lower limbs; unsteadiness of the lower limbs, and giving away of the knees and trembling weakness; cramp in the calves at night. 22—Opium. Eange of Use.—General torpor of the nerves; dis- eases of drunkards; affections incident to old age; con- vulsions and spasms, also epileptic fits; spasms of lock- jaw; ill effects of fright; dropsical swellings of the whole body; bluish skin, with blue spots; constant itching of 784 range of use of the the skin; stupor; sleep with half consciousness; sleepless- ness; disturbed sleep, with lascivious dreams; the skin fieels cold; burning heat of the body, with redness of the face, pulse generally slow, full, intermittent or quick and hard; typhus, with delirium; absence of all care; bold- ness during courage; tendency to start; fearfulness; loss of consciousness; illusions of fancy; delirium; delirium tremens; delirious talk, rage, imbecility, as if idiotic, after scarlatina; dulness of the head, as after intoxica- tion ; stupifaction, as if intoxicated; rush of blood to the head; heaviness of the head; congestion, with violent throbbing; red inflamed eyes; half opened, distorted, staring eyes, dilated pupils, obscuration of sight; pale and sallow countenance; dark red, hot, burning face; the muscles of the face hang down relaxed; convulsive motion of the muscles of the face; twitchings at the corners of the mouth; lockjaw; profuse flow of saliva; paralysis of the tongue, inability to swallow; violent thirst; seasons of intense hunger, with no inclination to eat; vomiting, with violent pains at the stomach and convulsions; vomiting of faeces and urine; heaviness in the stomach; the stomach distended like a drum head ; colic, strangulated rupture; constipation chronic with children; black fetid stools; retention of urine, as if the bladder were closed; increased sexual desire, with erec- tions and emissions; suppressed labor pains; chest and respiration; heaviness; cough when swallowing or draw- ing a breath; cough, with frothy expectoration; interrup- tion of the breast, with great anguish; paroxysms of suffo- cation and construction of the chest; convulsive motion of the arms and trembling of the hands; convulsive motion of the lower Hmbs. MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 785 23.—Phosphorus. Eange of Use.—Trembling of the limbs; rushes of blood; congestions; bleeding from different organs; heaviness of the limbs; lazy feeling; intolerance of the open air, especially when cool; pains settling in when the weather changes; boils; profuse bleeding of small scratches or cuts; chilblains; corns; sleepless the fore- part of the night; falls asleep late; uneasiness and anxiety on waking; unrefreshing sleep; anxious, heavy and fret- ful dreams, somnambula-like; anxious or flying heat; heat at night; night and morning sweat; anxious and uneasy when alone, or during a thunder storm; melan- choly; out of temper; dread of labor; dizzy; vertigo, with nausea; morning headache; stupifying headache, with pressure from within outwards; rush of blood to the head; shooting pains on one side of the temples; the hair falls out; burning in the corners of the eyes next to the nose; sore eyes; nightly sticking together of the | lids; see better by night than by day; black spots before the eyes; beating, throbbing and stitching in the ears; hard of hearing; the nose is red and swollen; bad smell; bleeding from the nose, or blood blown from the nose; sunken pale face; blue streaks around the eyes; bloated face ; sores at the corners of the mouth; pains in the face bones; stitching toothache in the open air, or in the evening or at night; ulceration, swelling or bleeding of the gums; soreness of the inner mouth and spitting of blood; dry throat, with burning and hawking of mucus in the morning; sour taste after eating; want of appetite; j empty belching from the stomach; sour risings of food after being taken into the stomach; vomiting, with pains in the stomach; fulness of the stomach and pressure; 67* 786 RANGE OF USE OF THE burning in the stomach and pit of the stomach ; inflam- mation of the stomach; distension after dinner; tearing in the abdomen; alternate sensation of heat and cold in the bowels; wind colic, attended with mucus diarrhoea.; chronic looseness ofthe bowels; bloody diarrhoea; bleed- ing cracks of the arms; increase of watery urine; bloody urine; burning in the urethra; tearing and stitching from the passage to the womb and the womb itself; sterility; menses too early and too profuse; constant desire for embrace; hoarse rough cough; loss of voice; croup; cough, with stinging in the throat; dry racking cough, or with saltish purulent expectoration, or with bloody mucus; chronic bronchitis, or mucus consumption; heavi- ness, fulness and tightness of the chest; inflammation of the lungs; abscesses on the breasts; pains in the small of the back and back as if broken; burning of the arms and hands; trembling of the arms and hands; chilblains; drawing and tearing in the knee; swelling of the feet; pain in the soles of the feet; chilblains. 24.—Pulsatilla. Eange of Use.—Eheumatic pains in damp weather that shift about; ill effects of suppressed measles; diseases of the mucus membrane; itching of the skin; chicken pox; rash from eating bacon; feverish, heavy sleep; sleepless at night; frightful dreams; chilliness, without thirst; paroxysms of anxious heat; dread of company; diffidence; low spirits; loss of consciousness; severe effects of mental labor; vertigo from intoxication; ver- tigo, with inclination to vomit; pain in one side of the head; rush of blood to the head; painful inflammation of the glands of the Hds; dryness of the lids; inflamma- tion of the outer ear; purulent discharge from the ears; MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 787 ulcerated humid discharge from the nose; bleeding at the nose; complexion pale or yellowish; drawing, jerk- ing toothache; stitches in the gums; toothach abates in the open air; flow of saliva; tongue coated yeUow, and covered with tough mucus; stinging sore throat, and tough mucus in the throat; taste flat, bitter or putrid; hunger, with no choice of food ; belchings and vomiting of food after being received into the stomach, especially in the evening and at night; spasms of the bowels; violent colic; painful rumbling; bilious diarrhoea; fre- quent urging to stool; watery discharges from the bowels at night; stoppage of the urine; frequent urging to urinate; ineffectual effort to urinate; wetting the bed; inflammation of the testicles; dropsy of the testicles; suppression of the menses; delay of the menses in young girls; false spasmodic labor pains; dry cough with gagging and vomiting; stoppage of breath; paroxysms of suffocation at night; palpitation of the heart; typhoid inflammation of the lungs; vanishing of the milk; pain in the smaU of the back and parts; spinal difficulties; pains in the shoulders, arms and joints; inflammatory swelling of the knee; weariness of the legs; swelhng of the feet. 25.—Rhus Toxicodendron. Eange of Use.—Eheumatic and gouty affections; paralysis ; red shining swellings ; burning pain as if the flesh had been detached from the bones by blows; inflammatory typhoid diseases; erysipelas; shingles; burning itching; nettle-rash; frequent spasmodic yawn- ing; sleepless before midnight; digging, pinching colic and vomiting; chilliness and coldness; shaking chill in the open air, with violent thirst; double tertian fever; 788 RANGE OF USE OF THE pains in the limbs during chilliness; headache; typhus and typhoid fevers; night and morning sweats ; sadness and anxiety ; delirium; swimming of the head; fulness and heaviness of the head; stinging headache day and night; swelling of the head; dry tetter on the hairy scalp; violent itching at night; inflammation of the eyes and lids with redness and sticking together at night; sweUing of the whole eye and the surrounding parts; inflammatory swelling of the parotid glands; inflamma- tion and bleeding of the nose; erysipelas and swelling of the face; dry mouth and thirst; inclination to vomit; pressure in the stomach; watery diarrhoea; bearing down and straining when at stool; inability to urinate, though frequent urgings; swelling of the penis; morning cough after waking; cough caused by tickling in the air- passages, generally short and dry; anxious oppresssion of the chest; tremulous feeling about the heart; burning pain in the smaU of the back ; rheumatic stiffness of the nape of the neck; burning and lameness in the shoulder and arm; coldness and immobility of the arm; cracks on the back of the hand; heaviness of the lower limbs, and spraining pain in the ankles; swelhng of the feet. 26.—Sepia Succus. Eange of Use.—Bad effects of chagrin; stiffness of the joints; hysteric spasms and other ailments; affections of pregnant females, restlessness in all the limbs; throb- bing and rush of blood at night; want of strength when waking; sensitive to cold air and liable to take cold; sticking and soreness in the joints; boils; painful ulcers; sleepiness in the day time; frequent waking without any apparent cause; restless sleep with rush of blood; defi- cient animal heat; chilliness; flushes of heat; intermit- MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 789 tent fevers with thirst during the chill; profuse sweat during the least exercise; night sweat; morning sweat also with sour smell; sad, depressed in spirits; anxious, with flushes of heat in the evening, and for one's health indifference; weak memory; dulness of the head; vertigo; pain in one side of the head; morning head- ache ; weight in the head; sick headache ; rush of blood to the head; itching of the scalp ; paralysis of the eyes; pressure in the eyebaUs; sore eyes with stinging; inflammation, redness and swelling of the lids; profuse tears nightly; sticking of the lids (or agglutination); far sighted; stitching and roaring in the ears; sweUing of the nose; ulcerated nostrils; bleeding at the nose; pale face; yellow saddle across the cheeks and nose; milk crust; drawing pains in the face; yellowness or tetter around the mouth; toothache of pregnant females; fetor from the mouth; sore throat and sensation as if a plug were in the throat; hawking up phlegm; putrid taste; voracious appetite, or else loathing of food; distention of the bowels ; sour belchings ; nausea before breakfast; vomiting of food and bile; pressure as if from a stone; heartburn; pains in the region of the Hver, and in both sides under the ribs ; colic of pregnant females; abdominal spasms; pressure and weight in the lower bowels; ineffectual urging of discharge of mere wind and mucus; chronic constipation, or else soft stool or weakening diarrhoea; prolapsion ofthe anus; frequent urging, but unable to urinate; pressure in the bladder; smarting in the urinary passage; gleet; frequent noc- turnal emissions; soreness of the female parts between the thighs; falling of the womb; suppressed menses, or disposition to miscarry; hoarseness with catarrh; dry cough as if from the stomach; pulmonary consumption; 790 RANGE OF USE OF THE oppression of the chest, owing either to frequent or stagnant perspiration; stitches in the chest and at the sides when coughing or drawing a breath; rushes of blood to the chest and palpitation of the heart; soreness of the nipples; burning tearing pains in the small of the back ; stiffness of the neck; pain in the arms and wrists; stiffness of the elbow joints ; itching scurfs at the elbow and on the hands ; gouty pains in the finger joints; cold legs and feet; jerking stitches in the thighs; boils in the bends of the knees; burning of the feet; ulcers on the heels. 27.—Silicea. Eange of Use.—Epilepsy; worm affections of scrofu- lous persons; pains worse at the fuU of the moon; restlessness of the whole body after sitting; nervous debility; sensitiveness of the skin; itching of the whole body; fetid ulcers; stinging sores; sleeplessness and heat in the head; anxious dreams; starting of the body when asleep as if from fright; chilliness; intermittent fever with violent heat; worm fever in scrofulous children; profuse night sweats and with sour smell; anxious, restless, and want of cheerfulness; gloominess of the head, and wearied by mental labor; vertigo • headache ascending from the nape of the neck to the vertex; heaviness of the head and pressure as if the head would fly to pieces ; throbbing headache with rush of blood ; enlarged head with open fontanelles ; itching humid scald-head ; swelling of the tear passages ; fungus cancer of the eyes; paralysis of the optic nerve, and blindness; black spots before the eyes and dread of light; discharge from the ears and stoppage when blowing and opening again with a report; gnawing MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 791 pains high up in the nose; ulcers of the nose; scurfy- eruptions on the face and chin; swelling of the glands of the under jaw ; dry mouth ; coated tongue of a brown color ; loss of taste; bitter mouth in the morning; large quantity of phlegm in the throat with soreness; violent thirst; aversion of food; loathing of meat; acidity in the mouth after eating; pressure at the stomach, water- brash and vomiting; nausea and vomiting; the pit of the stomach is painful to the touch; griping at the pit of the stomach; distended bowels; colic with constipa- tion or with diarrhoea; constipation and hard stool; itching at the anus; pressing and straining from the bladder ; dropsy of the testicles ; itching humid spots on the scrotum; chronic suppression of the menses : itching of the female parts; miscarriage; leucorrhoea; acrid excoriating leucorrhoea; stoppage of the nose, or fluent discharge of hot liquid secretion from the nose ; cough with purulent expectoration; pulmonary consumption ■ stoppage of breath when lying on the back; shortness of breath during slight labor; oppression of the chest; pain in the small of the back ; curvature of the spine; heaviness of the arms and legs ; felons upon the fingers ; whitlow upon the fingers and toes; coldness and swel- hng of the feet. 28.—Spongia tosta. Eange of Use.—In diseases of the windpipe; pain in the larynx when touching it or when turning the neck; membraneous croup; hollow barking cough; throat con- sumption ; cough day and night; wheezing respiration ; burning in the chest from below upwards ; rush of blood to the chest; painful tension and stiffness of the muscles ofthe neck; goitre or swelling ofthe neck. 792 RANGE OF USE OF THE 29—Sulphur. Eange of Use.—Gouty swelling of aU the joints; inflammation, swelling and suppuration, and hardness of the glands; decayed bones or teeth; hysteria and hypochondria; paralysis; fainting fits; pains felt at night, or worse when standing; emaciation of children; pains when the weather changes; dread of being washed; itching of the skin; eruptions after cow-pox; itch; nettle-rash ; liver-colored . spots ; tetter ; chilblains ; corns; irresistible drowsiness; one sleeps too long; unrefreshing sleep ; jerking and starting of the extremi- ties during sleep; chilliness very much increased at night; profuse sweat in the day-time during work; melancholy ; tendency to start; irritable; weak memory; philosophical and weak fancies ; vertigo, especially when sitting or early in the morning with nose-bleed; head- ache with nausea; nightly headache; feehng of fulness and weight in the head; drawing and tearing in the head; stitching headache; throbbing headache, with heat in the head, caused by rush of blood to the head; cold- ness of the scalp; scald-head ; pain in the eyes as if from sand; pressure in the eyelids i itching, smarting or burning in the eyes, Hds and corners (canthi); inflam- mation of the eyes and lids; ulceration of the Hds; dryness of the eyes, or else profuse tears; twitching of the lids; gauze before the eyes; incipient blindness; dread of light; short-sighted; purulent discharge from the ears; dull hearing, roaring and humming in the ears ; inflamed and swollen nose ; bleeding of the nose, especially on blowing of the nose; pale, sickly complex- ion ; heat of the face; erysipelas in the face; chronic eruption of the face ; crusta lactea ; swelling of the lips; cancer of the lips; swelling of the glands of the under MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 793 jaw; toothache; stitches, tearing, drawing, burning and boring in the teeth; toothache in the evening and at night; swelling of the gums with throbbing pain; salivation from the use of mercury; bad smeU from the mouth after eating; blisters in the mouth; white coated tongue; sore throat as from a plug; painful feeling of contraction; dryness of the throat; sweetish foul taste or sour taste in the mouth; too much appetite; canine hunger; aversion to meat, sweet and sour things; oppression across the chest after eating; empty belch- ings; sour risings of the food after eating; nausea; water-brash ; vomiting of partly digested food from the stomach; pressure at the stomach; contractive heart- burn immediately after eating; stinging in the region of the liver; colic immediately after eating or drinking ; weight in the abdomen as from a lump; violent pressure in the abdomen ; stitching colic when walking; dropsy of the abdomen; wind lodged in the stomach or intes- tines ; loud rumbling; constipation; frequent urging and hard lumpy insufficient stool; itching, stinging and burning in the anus and rectum; frequent urging to urinate; wetting the bed; bleeding from the urinary passage with stinging and burning soreness between the thighs; discharge of purulent matter from the urinary passage; matter around the head of the penis ; swelling of the prepuce ; suppressed menses, or else too soon, preceded by headache; sterility; miscarriage; excoria- ting leucorrhoea; dryness of the nose; discharge of burning water ; hoarseness and roughness in the throat; tingling in the larynx, exciting a cough; suffocating catarrh of children; cough with strangling and vomiting; dry cough, or with bloody expectoration ; frequent stop- page of breath; oppression and suffocation at night; 68 794 RANGE OF USE OF THE weakness of the chest; palpitation of the heart, which is frequently visible and attended with anxiety ; cracks in the nipples; stitches in the back and smaU of the back ; stiffness of the neck; rickety curvatures of the spine; I fetid sweats under the arms; sweUing and suppuration of the glands in the arm-pits; drawing, tearing and stitch- | ing in the shoulders, arms, hands and fingers; swelhng of the arms; trembling of the hands; cracked skin on the hands; deadness of the fingers; heaviness of the lower limbs; large shining sweUing of the knee; cramp in the calves and soles; cold feet; cold and sweaty feet; ulcers on the back of the foot; shining swelling of the toes. 30.—Tartarus emeticus. Eange of Use.—Gastric or bullous affections; pros- tration ; languor; fainting spells; pustules resembling small-pox; very drowsy; irresistible somnolence with deep stupid sleep; light sleep with fantastic dreams; jerks and shocks during sleep; chfiliness and coldness prevaU; violent heat of the whole body; intermittent | fever and cold sweats ; oppressive constrictive headache as if the brain were formed into a baU; chronic trem- bling of the head ; pressure on the eyes; incipient stage ' of blindness ; dimness of sight with flickering before the eyes; the face pale and sunken; good appetite; great desire for acids and fresh fruits; loathing of food, or inappetency, especially for milk; empty rising and tasting of bad eggs; nausea also, continuaUy, with inclination to vomit; violent vomiting, attended with great straining; vomiting of mucus; stomachache as if the stomach were overloaded; pressure in the stomach and pit of the stomach; coHc with great bodily and mental nneasiness; fulness and pressure in the abdomen as from stones, especially when sitting bent; colic as if MORE PROMINENT REMEDIES USED. 795 the bowels would be cut to pieces; thinnish stools; mucus diarrhoea; bloody stools; violent and painful urging to urinate; scanty emission of urine; inflamed and red urine, or of a dark brown color; profuse dis- charge of acrid matter from the nose; a quantity of rattling mucus in the chest; paroxysms of cough with suffocation; arrest of breathing; cough with vomiting of food; rattling hollow cough, and with expectoration of mucus; paralysis of the lungs; rattling, breating palpitation of the heart; pain in the back and smaU of the back when sitting; trembling of the hands; cramps in the legs. 31.—Veratrum album. Range of Use.—Pain in the limbs which do not bear the warmth of the bed, which cease on rising and walking about; trembling of the Hmbs; convulsive movements; sporadic and Asiatic cholera; general prostration; excessive debility; fainting turns; general emaciation; dry itch-like eruptions upon the skin, or coma vigil nightly; sleeplessness with great anguish; coldness aU over, with cold clammy sweat; intermittent fevers with coldness only on the outside ; chiUiness with thirst, foUowed by heat and constant thirst; slow pulse, small and scarcely perceptible; excessive anguish and oppression, with forebodings and anxiety of conscience; tendency to start with fearful mood, moving about to and fro as if very busy; very much out of humor or disposed to be sUent; deficiency of ideas; mental afiena- tion; deHrium; vertigo; pain in one side of the head with nausea and vomiting; oppressive headache in the top ofthe head; sensitivness ofthe hairs; cold sweat on the forehead; painful sore eyes; the Hds very dry; profuse flow of tears; paralysis of the lids; contracted 796 RANGE OF USE OF THE PROMINENT REMEDIES. pupils, or else dilated; sight of one eye obscured; deaf- ness, as if the ears were stopped; face pale, cold, sunken, with pointed nose ; burning heat and sweat of the face ; lips dry, blackish and cracked; locking of the jaws; grating of the teeth ; profuse flow of saliva; froth at the mouth; cold feeling or burning in the mouth and on the tongue; red, swoUen or dry blackish cracked tongue; speechless; burning in the tonsfis and gullet; putrid taste in the mouth, also coohng and smarting taste as if from peppermint; great thirst for cold drinks; canine hunger and voracious appetite; constant and intense desire for sour or cooling things; vomiting and diarrhoea; violent, empty belchings, sometimes sour or bitter; violent nausea with desire to vomit; violent vomiting with con- stant nausea; prostration; vomiting of the ingesta or food from the stomach; vomiting of black bile and blood; constant vomiting with diarrhoea; pressure in the pit of the stomach; and burning colic in the region of the navel; soreness of the bowels to the touch; colicky abdominal spasms; cutting in the abdomen • inguinal hernia; flatulent colic; constipation caused by torpor of the rectum; violent diarrhoea; also painful unperceived discharge of thin stool during the emission of flatulence ; excessive languor during stool; involun- tary emission of urine, and burning during the time; menses too soon and too profuse, or else suppressed; cough in the evening; hot dry cough; deep hoUow cough; paroxysms of hooping cough; stoppage of breath; oppression; a good deal of oppression on the chest; painful spasmodic constriction of the chest; paroxysms of excessive anguish about the heart; laming weakness of the muscles of the back of the neck; laming and bruising pains of the lower limbs; cramps in the calves; stitching in the big toes. APPENDIX. The consideration of several important diseases, being inadvertently omitted in the proper place, we have thought it advisable to insert a description of such, together with the requisite treatment, in an Appendix, viz: SCROFULA (King's Evil.) Scrophulosis. This disease, which derives its name from Scrofu, " a sow," was formerly regarded an affection peculiar to swine. It is a state of the animal system which appears to be particularly marked by indolent glandular swell- ings or tumors, chiefly in the neck—which are observed to suppurate slowly and imperfectly, and not easily healed. Writers upon this dyscrasia, mention the peculiarity, that it usually occurs in persons of sanguine temperament, with thick upper lip, &c, but this is a vague definition of the disease, and expresses very imperfectly its charac- teristics. It is, however, certain, that among the chief phenomena that characterise it, there are swelling and suppuration of the lymphatic glands. But as scrofula is generally classed amongst the cachexias, and is considered the result of defective nutrition, other phenomena may accompany the diathesis, such as white swelling, caries of the vertebrae, enlargement of the mesenteric glands, rickets, &c. Symptoms.—The indications of the existence of this disease in the system, are a sub-cutaneous inflammation causing enlargement of the lymphatic glands, or the 68* (797) 798 APPENDIX.—SCROFULA. development of sub-cutaneous tubercles. Childhood is the most favorable season for an exhibition of the evi- dences of its existence. Paleness, transparency and delicacy of the skin, large size of the head, prominence of the abdomen, large joints, and small muscles, are severally indicative of imperfect nutrition, dependent upon what is termed a cachectic, or bad habit, synony- mous with a scrofulous diathesis, but the particular symptoms that denote the presence of the disease are the following;—slight inflammation of the nostrils, which are red, hot, and chapped ; enlargement of the glands of the neck, slightly marked at first, and sensitive to the touch ; subsequently they become hard, irregular on the surface, and indolent. In this stage they are moveable under the skin, they, however, gradually increase in size, become immovable and painful, and occasionally by their presence interfere with the contiguous organs beneath, so as to affect the voice, respiration, and swallowing. The appearance of the skin may not be much altered, but each side of the neck the projection may be so great as to evince considerable deformity, interfering with the movements of the head, and even with those of the jaws in mastication; after the tumors have remained in a torpid state for an indefinite period, they may gradually disappear; such is especiaUy the case in youth, but in childhood they frequently proceed to suppuration, soften, become painful, and fluctuation becomes perceptible. The skin covering them becomes red and blueish, and ultimately opens, giving issue to a puriform fluid, usually thinner than that which discharges from common abscesses, and is mixed with curd-like matter. The openings are irregular, and heal with difficulty, and the cicatrix often presents a deformity. As the disease pro- APPENDIX.—SCROFULA. 799 gresses, it may affect the organism more deeply, and disease may end fatally in phthisis, or some other fatal termination. Scrofulous diathesis may exist throughout Hfe, but under new evolutions of the system it diminishes and sometimes disappears so as to be unobservable, whUe exciting causes are avoided. Thus at puberty an ameHo- ration of the difficulty often occurs, which under judicious regulation and treatment may prevent its manifestation afterwards. To cure the disease an entire change must be effected in the condition of the system. Causes.—As the very nature of this malady indicates an early impress upon some of the tissues, we are per- mitted to look upon it as a congenital disease, a chronic irritation disturbing the proper nourishment of the tissues during foetal Hfe, operating afterwards to derange the lymphatic system. Exciting causes, such as dentition, or acute diseases supervening, may operate, frequently, to develope its activity and cause it to manifest itself in its worst forms,—but still the diathesis is to be viewed as a hereditary taint. Treatment.—The most important remedies employed in the treatment of this disease, are Arsenicum, Aurum, Belladonna, Calcarea carb., Vegetabilis, Conium, Graphites, Hepar sulphur, Iodine, Lycopodium, Rhus tox., Silicea, and Sulphur. Arsenicum.—When there is atrophy or marasmus, sweUing of the glands of the neck, or of the nape of the neck, hard and distended abdomen, puffed face, loose evacuations, great debfiity, lymphatic temperament, scald-head, sore and inflamed eyes, &c. DOSE___One drop or six globules in a spoonful of water, every twenty- four hours. 800 APPENDIX.—SCROFULA. Aurum, is particularly indicated when the bones are affected, and especiaUy if the patient has been drugged with mercury, or is subject to rickets. DOSE.—The same as for Arsenicum. Belladonna may be usefuUy employed against hard and enlarged or ulcerated glands, muscular weakness of chUdren, sore and inflamed eyes, discharge from the ears, emaciation, ulcerations, inflammations, sweUing of the nose, cancerous affections, frequent sore throat, &c. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, night and morning, until amelioration or change. Calcarea.—When there is enlargement of the head, with open fontanella. Curvature of the spine, incurva- tion of the hoUow bones, or other rickety affections dependent upon scrofula; also for suppurating glands, red swelling of the nose, voracious appetite, dry and flabby skin, sweUing of the upper lip, pale complexion, &c. DOSE.—The same as directed for Arsenicum. Carbo vegetabilis may be employed in general scrofulous affections where there is enlargement of the glands, great debUity, ulceration and suppuration, burning pain, and blueness of the skin covering the tumors, &c. DOSE.—The same as directed for Arsenicum. Conium.—When there is induration of the glands, and frequent bronchial catarrh, dry cough, asthmatic sufferings, cancerous affections, &c. Graphites.—When there is paleness of the counte- nance, enlargement of the glands, curvature of the spine and other indications of rickets. DOSE.—Of either of the two preceding remedies, one drop, or four globules, every twenty-four hours. Hepar sulphur.—For induration and suppuration of the glands, emaciation, scald-head, sore eyes, chapped appendix.—scrofula. 801 nose, ulcerations upon the skin, and frequent colds in the head or chest; suitable after Belladonna. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every twenty-four hours. Iodine.—When there is excessive emaciation, enlarge- ment and induration of the glands, with affection of the whole lymphatic system, enlargement of the abdomen, discharge from the ears, bronchial catarrh, &c. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every morning, in a spoonful of wafer. Lycopodium.—When there is a strong tendency to cold in the head, suppuration of the glands, bronchial catarrh and other mucus discharges; affection of the bones, emaciation, herpetic eruptions and ulcers, obstinate con- stipation. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, every twenty-four hours, until amelioration or change. Ehus tox.—When there is scald-head or enlarge- ment of the glands, scabby eruptions on the face, fre- quent colds in the head, discharge from the ears, frequent diarrhoea, distension of the abdomen. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, night and morning,*until amelioration or change. Silicea.—When there is caries of the bones, swelling of the nose or upper lip, enlargement and suppuration of the glands, white, livid, or earthy complexion, scald- head, discharge from the ears, &c. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, every twenty-four hours. Sulphur is useful in nearly every case in the com- mencement, especiaUy when there are eruptions, tetters, enlargement, induration and suppuration of the glands, inclination to take cold, and suffer from colic or diarrhoea, or constipation, sickly nutrition, physical and intellectual weakness, difficulty in learning to walk; when not ad- 802 APPENDIX.—TETTER. ministered in the commencement, this remedy is suitable after Iodine, Belladonna, Ehus toxicodendron, and Mer- cury. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, once in two days, in a spoonful of water. Diet and Eegimen.—In aU scrofulous subjects, the diet should be weU selected and nutritive. That for children should consist of milk and bread, and a moderate proportion of digestible animal food; in adult subjects the system should be well provided with animal diet and a due proportion of vegetable; avoiding the use of pork or stimulating condiments, and high seasoning of any kind. Pure air, and exercise, and sea-bathing are often extremely useful. TETTER. (Herpes.—Salt Rheum.) The term, "tetter" is used for various eruptions, but usually it denotes an eruption consisting of clusters of vesicles having inflamed bases, separate and distinct from each other, having skin of a natural hue between them. The vesicles usuaUy terminate in from a week to two weeks, and incrustations or scabs are formed. The lymph in the vesicles is at first clear and colorless, but gradually it becomes milky and opaque, and finally concretes into scabs. When the disease is extensive it is usually preceded by considerable constitutional dis- turbance, and almost always there is an inconvenient sensation of heat and tingling and severe pains, at times, in the seat of the eruption. Symptoms.—These are palpably manifest. A cluster of vesicles of different sizes, crowded together upon an inflamed surface always characterizes the disease. Many varieties have been described, all having the same type. APPENDIX.—TETTER. 803 Causes.—There is difficulty in pointing out any direct cause that operates to produce this malady, although it usuaUy appears after some febrile irritation has been present, either of a catarrhal or gastric kind. Females and those possessing a delicate form, are believed to be more subject to the disease than the strong and athletic Sometimes the difficulty occurs annually, and often gives rise to the idea that the patient has been poisoned. The disease is believed to be in most instances the result of some herereditary taint. Treatment.—As tetters are evidently dependent upon constitutional derangement, it is a mistaken idea to suppose that they require merely an external treatment to drive them from the surface. Such treatment is easUy resorted to, but the amount of injury occasioned by it can hardly be told. Without changing the condition of the system which gives rise to it, a mere suppressing it from the surface may cause it to fall upon some of the internal and vital organs, giving rise to formidable dis- eases of an aggravated character. The remedies found most useful in the treatment of this difficulty, are Arsenicum, Bryonia, Calcarea, Carbo veg., Conium, Causticum, Dulcamara, Gra- phites, Hepar sulp., Lycopodium, Mercurius, Phos- phorus, Ehus tox., Sepia, Silicea, and Sulphur. Arsenicum.—When the tetter is characterised by burning, the surface presenting a rough, scaly appear- ance upon a red, inflamed ground, exceedingly sore, the skin appearing broken or cracked ; malignant tetter. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, morning and evening, until amelioration or change. Bryonia.—When there is dry, scurfy eruption upon 804 appendix.—tetter. an inflamed surface, accompanying gastric derangement, and slight febrUe reaction. DOSE.—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, three times a day, until relieved. Calcarea carb.—When the tetter is furfuraceous, and also when it presents a humid appearance, and when it is attended with severe itching, and scaly. DOSE.—The same as directed for Arsenicum. Carbo veg.—For burning tetter in weak and cachectic persons, and when it is dry and scaly. DOSE.—The same as directed for Arsenicum. Conium.—For humid tetter upon the back of the hands and fore-arms, or upon the scrotum or prepuce, or on the inner side of the thighs; where it is itching or smarting, and the skin cracks, and is painful. DOSE—One drop, or four globules, in a spoonful of water, morning and evening. Causticum.—For burning, dry tetter; after Arsenicum, or Carbo vegetabilis. DOSE.—The same as for Arsenicum. Dulcamara.—For humid tetter, arising from cold, or that which makes its appearance in cold weather, m persons susceptible to cold. DOSE.—The same as for Conium.. Graphites.—When the tetter appears on the face, head, body, or extremities, attended with severe itching, and is scabby. Hepar sulp. when the upper lip, around the nose, becomes dry and cracks, and is sore and painful. DOSE.—Of either, the same as for Arsenicum. Lycopodium.—When the tetter is spreading.—Mercu- rius, when it is suppurating, especially useful in bilious temperaments. Phosphorous after Lycopodium, when tbe APPENDIX.—TETTER. 805 eruption is scaly, and Rhus tox. after Mercurius, when it is suppurating. Sepia when the eruption is ring-shaped. Silicea or Sulphur when the tetter is dry, or suppurates with greenish pus, attended with severe itching and smarting. In nearly all cases, Sulphur, Calcarea, Conium, Mercurius, Arsenicum, and Rhus tox,, may be consulted. ADMINISTRATION.—Of the selected remedy one drop or four globules may be employed twice a day, until there is an evident amend- ment. Diet.—Under all circumstances, patients suffering from tetter, should abstain from rich food and gravies, and stimulating condiments. Beef and mutton, cooked plainly, and vegetables, and a bread and milk diet, will generaUy prove sufficient, and the best adapted. 806 TABULAR INDEX OF THE REMEDIES USED, THEIR Remedies. English Names. 1. Aconitum napellus. 2. Alumina. 3. Ammonium carbonicum. 4. Antimonium crudum. 5. Apis mellifica. 6. Arnica montana. 7. Arsenicum album. 8. Aurum metallicum. 9. Belladonna. 10. Bromine, (Bromium). 11. Bryonia alba. 12. Calcarea carbonica. 13. Calendula. 14. Cannabis sativa. 15. Cantharis, (Cantharides). 16. Carbo vegetabilis. 17. Causticum. 18. Chamomilla. 19. China officinalis, chona). 20. Cina. 21. Cocculus. 22. Coffea cruda. 23. Colchicum. 24. Colocynthis. 25. Conium maculatum. 26. Crocus sativus. 27. Cuprum metallicum. (Cin- Monkshood, (Aconite). Pure Clay. Carbonate of Ammonia. Crude Antimony. Poison of the honey-bee. Leopard's bane. White Arsenic. metallic Gold. Deadly Nightshade. Bromine. White Bryony. Carbonate of Lime. Marigold. Hemp. Spanish Fly. Charcoal, Caustic. Common Chamomile. Peruvian bark. Worm Seed. Indian Cockel. Raw Coffee. Meadow Saffron. Bitter Cucumber. Common Hemlock. Saffron. Pure Copper ANTIDOTES, ENGLISH AND GERMAN NAMES. 807 German Names. Antidotes. ).. Sturmhut, Eisenhut 2. Thonerde. 3. Kohlensaurefl Ammonium. 4. Schwefelspiessglanz. 5. Bienengift. 6. Wohlverleih. 7. Weisser Arsenic. 8. Keines Gold. 9. Tollkirsche. 10. Stinkstoff. 11. Zaunrebe. 12. Kohlensaure Kalkerde. 13. Ringelblume, oder Gold blume. 14. Hanf. 15. Spanische Fliegen. 16. Holzkohle. 17. Aetzstoff. 18. Feldkamille. 19. China-Rinde. 20. Cina-Saamen. 21. Kockel-Saamen. 22. Kaffee-Bohnen. 23. Herbstzeitlose. 24. Coloquinten Gurke. 25. Fleckenschierling. 26. Saffran. 27. Kupfer. Camph., Nux vom., Wine, Vinegar. Bryonia, Camphor, Chamomilla, Ipecac. Arnica, Camphora, Hepar sulph. Hepar sulph., Mercury. Camphora, Arsen., Cantharides Camph., Ignatia, Ipecacuanha. China, Ferrum, Graph., Hepar s., Ipecac, Kali carb., Nux v., Samb., Veratrum. Bellad., China, Cuprum, Mer- cury. Coffea, Hyoscyam., Hepar., Pul- satilla. Opium, Coffea, Camph, Aconite, Chamom., Ignat., Nux vom. Camphora, Nitri ac., Sulphur. Camphora. Camph., Vinegar, Alcohol. Arsen., Camph., Coff. Coffea, Colocynth., Nux vomica. Aconit., Coccul., Coffea, Ignat., ■ Nux vow,., Pulsat. Arnica, Arsen., Bellad., Calc. c.t Carbo veg., Ipecac, Sulphur. Bryon., China, Hyos., Ipecac. Camph., Nux vom. Aconit., Chamom., Nux vomic. Nux vom., Coccul., Pulsatilla. Camph., Caust., Chamomilla, Coffea. Coffea, Nitri spir. didcis. Aconit., Opium. Bell., China, Ipec, Merc Nux v. 808 TABULAR INDEX OF THE REMEDIES USED, THEIB Remedies. English Names. 28. Digitalis purpurea. 29. Drosera rotundifolia. 30. Dulcamara. 31. Eupatorium. 32. Euphrasia officinalis, 33. Ferrum metallicum. 34. Graphites. 35. HeUeborus. 36. Hepar sulphuris calcarea. 37. Hyoscyamus niger. 38. Hypericum. 39. Hamamelis. 40. Ignatia amara. 41. Ipecacuanha. 42. Jodium. 43. Kali carbonicum. 44. Kali bichromicum. 45. Lachesis. 46. ILycopodium. 47. Mercurius sublimatus cor rosivus. 48. Mercurius vivus. 49. Mezereum. 50. Moschus. 51. Natrum muriaticum. 52. Nitri acidum, (Acidum ni- tricum). 53. Nux vomica. 54. Opium. 55. Petroleum. 56. Phosphorus. 57. Phosphoric acid, (Acidum phosphoricum). Foxglove. Sun-dew. Bittersweet. Boneset. Eye-bright. Metallic Iron. Black Lead. Christmas Rose. Sulphuret of Lime. Black Henbane. St. John's Wort. Witch Hazel. St. Ignatius' Bean. Ipecacuanha Root. Iodine. Subcarbonate of Potash. Bichromate of Potash, Lance-headed Viper, Wolfs Foot. Corrosive Sublimate. Quicksilver, Mezereon. Musk. Muriate of Soda. Nitric Acid. Poison Nut, or Vomit Nut, White Poppy. Rock Oil, or Naphtha. Phosphorus. Phosphoric acid. ANTIDOTES, ENGLISH AND GERMAN NAMES. 809 German Names. 28. Bother Fingerhut. 29. Sonnenthau. 30. Bittersiiss. 31. Wasserdost 32. Augentrost. 33. Eisen. 34. Reissblei. 35. Schwarze Niesswurz. 36. Schwefelleber. 37. Bilsenkraut. 38. Hexenkraut. 39. Zauberstrauch. 40. Ignazbohne. 41. Brechwurzel. 42. Jod. , 43. Gew'achs Laugensalz. 44. Doppelt Chromsaures Kali. 45. Lachesis Schlangengift. 46. Barlapp. 47. Aetzsublimat. 48. Quecksilber. 49. Gemeiner Kellerhals. 50. Moschus. 51. Kochsalz. 52. Salpeters'aure. 53. Brechnuss oder Kr'ahenaugi 54 Mohnsaft. 55. Bergol oder Steinol. 56. Phosphor. 57. Phosphors'aure. Antidotes. Opium, Nux vomica. Camphora. Camph., Ipecac, Mercurius. Camphora. Pulsatilla, Camph. Arnica, Arsenicum Bellad., Ip* cac, Mercur., Pulsat. Arsenic, Nux vom. Camphor., China. Vinegar, Belladonna. Bellad., Camphor., China. Camphora. Camphora. Pulsatilla, Chamom., Coccul., Ar- nica, Camph. Arnic, Arsenic, China. Arsen., Camph., China. Camph., Coffea. Magnesia carbonica. Arsen., Bellad., Nux vom., Ehus tox. Camph., Pulsat, White of eggs, China, Hepar. Arnica, Bellad., Camph., Hepar. Vinegar, Camph., Mercur. Camph., Coffea. Arsenic, Camph. Calcarea, Hepar. Sulph. Aconit., Camph., Coffea, Pulsat. Camph., Calc carb., Hepar., Mezereum, Sulph. Aconite, Nux vom. Camph., Coffea. Camph., Coffea. 810 TABULAR INDEX OF THE REMEDIES USED, THEIR Remedies. Englisn Names. 58. Platina. Platina. 59. Pulsatilla. Meadow Anemone. 60. Rheum. Rhubarb. 61. Rhus toxicodendron. Poison Oak, 62. Ruta graveolens. Garden Rue. 63. Sabina. Savine Tree. 64. Sambucus nigra. Elder. 65. Sanguinaria canadensis. Blood Root, 66. Secale cornutum. Ergot of Rye. 67. Senega. Snake Root. 68. Sepiae succus. Juice of the Cuttle-Fish. 69. Silicea. Silex. 70. Spigelia anthelmintica. Indian Pink. 71. Spongia marina tosta. Burnt Sponge. 72. Stannum. Tin. 73. Staphysagria. Stavesacre. 74. Stramonium. Thorn-Apple. 75. Sulphur. Brimstone. 76. Sulphuris acidum, (Acidum sulphuricum). Sulphuric acid, or Oil of Vitriol 77. Tartarus emeticus. Tartar Emetic, or Tartarized Anti- mony. 78. Urtica urens. Stinging Nettle. 79. TJva ursi. Bear's Berry. 80. Veratrum album. White Hellebore 81. Zincum metallicum. Zino. ANTIDOTES, ENGLISH AND GERMAN NAMES. 811 German Names. Antidotes. 58. Weissgold. Pulsatilla. 59. Kiichenschelle. Cham., Coff., Ignat., Nux vom. 60. Rhabarber. Camph., Chamom,., Nux vomica. 61. Gift-Sumach. Bellad., Bryon., Camph,, Coffea, Sulph. 62. Raute. Camphora. 63. Sadebaum. Camphora. 64. Flieder. Arsen., Camph. 65. Blutwurz. Arsen., Camph. 66. Mutterkorn. Camph., Opium. 67. Senega Wurzel. Arnica, Bellad., Bryon., Camph. 68. Sepien-Saft. Aconite, Vinegar. 69. Kieselerde. Camph., Hepar s., Sulph. 70. Spigelie. Camph., Aurum. 71. Rost-Schwamm. Camphora. 72. Zinn. Pulsat., Coffea. 73. Stephanskb'rner, Ambra, Camph. 74. Stechapfel. Bellad., Nux vom. 75. Schwefel. Aconit., Camph., Mercur., Nm vom., Pulsat. 76. Schwefels'aure. Pulsat.' 77. Brechweinsteux Coccul., Ipec, Pulsat. 78. Brennessel. Vinegar. 79. Barentraube. 80. Weissnieswurz. Aeon., Arsen., Camph., Coffea China, Mercur. 81. Zink. Camph., Hepar., Ignat. • INDEX. <♦»— A. Page. Abdomen, determination of blood to,......................................... 274 Abdomen, dropsy of the (ascites,)............................................ 580 Ablutions and bathing,........................................................... 24 Abortion,............................................................................ 677 Abscess,.............................................................................. 845 Abscessus nucleatus,.............................................................. 338 Abscess in the breasts,........................................................... 695 Abscess in the ear,................................................................ 727 Amustiones,......................................................................... 605 Aconitum, range of use,......................................................... 753 Acute dropsy of the brain,..................................................... 584 Acute inflammation of the liver................................................ 284 Acute inflammation of the spinal cord,...................................... 511 Acute pericarditis,................................................................ 485 Acute rheumatism,................................................................ 153 Administration and repetition of remedies,................................. 65 Affections of the knee,........................................................... 544 Affections ofthe organs ofthe senses,....................................... 545 Affections of the stomach,...................................................... 184 After pains,......................................................................... 687 A general view ofthe bodily organs,......................................... 34 Agrypnia............................................................................ 569 Air and exercise, observations oh,............................................ 17 Alimentary canal, diseases of,.................................................. 162 Amenorrhoea........................................................................ 627 Anasarca,............................................................................ "'7 Angina pectoris,................................................................... 482 Anthrax,............................................................................. 340 Antidotes and changing medicines,........................................... 67 (813) 814 INDEX. Anus, itching of,................................................................... 270 Anury,................................................................................ 314 Apoplexia, apoplexy,............................................................. 6U7 Apparent death, (asphyxia,)................................................... 610 Apparent death of new born infants (asphyxia,).......................... 698 Applications external,........................................................... 68 Apthse, or Thrush,................................................................ 721 Arnica montana, range of use,................................................. 755 Articles of diet that may be allowed under homoeopathic treatment, 9 Arsenicum album, range of use,.............................................. 757 Articles of diet that may sometimes be allowed, &c,.................... 11 Articles of diet that cannot be allowed, &c,............................... 13 Arthritis,............................................................................ 148 Asthma,.............................................................................. 461 Asthma of Millar,................................................................. 743 Asiatic cholera,..................................................................... 235 Atrophy.............................................................................. 745 Attacks of blindness,............................................................. 556 B. Bathing and ablutions,........................................................... 24 Balanitis,............................................................................. 331 Balano,.......................................................................•........ 331 Baldness or loss of hair,......................................................... 565 Belladonna, range of use........................................................ 759 Biliary organs,..................................................................... 40 Bilious or gastric fever,......................................................... 87 Bilious headache,.................................................................. 192 Bladder, inflammation of the,.................................................. 301 Blennorrhoea,....................................................................... 331 Bloody flux.......................................................................... 226 Bloodshot eyes,.................................................................... 555 Blood spots.......................................................................... 700 Bleeding at the nose,............................................................. 561 Blue skin (blue disease,)......................................................... 715 Bodily organs, general view ofthe............................................ 34 Boil,.................................................................................. 338 Brain fever,......................................................................... 501 Brain, dropsy ofthe,............................................................. 584 Brain, dropsy of the, (acute,).................................................. 584 Brain, dropsy ofthe, (chronic,)............................................... 586 Bronchitis, (catarrh on the chest,)............................................ 447 INDEX. 815 Bronchocele,........................................................................ 567 Bruises, .............................................................................. 599 Bryonia, range of use,......................................................... 762 Burns and scalds,................................................................. 605 c. Calcarea Carbonica, range of use,............................................. 764 Canker of the mouth,............................................................ 178 Cancrum oris,...................................................................... 178 Carbo vegatibilis, range of use,................................................ 766 Catarrh, catarrhal fever, catarrh on the breast,.......................... 385 Catarrh in the head,............................................................. 379 Catarrhal inflammation of the eyes........................................... 553 Cataract,...................................................>......................... 554 Carbuncle,.......................................................................... 340 Cardialgia,........................................................................... 202 Carditis, ............................................................................. 493 Care ofthe Health during pregnancy,....................................... 660 Care ofthe breasts and nipples,............................................... 680 Casualities,.......................................................................... 592 Cessation of the menses,......................................................... 635 Cephalagia,.......................................................................... 533 Chamomilla, range of use,...................................................... 767 Chicken pox,........................................................................ 142 Cholera morbus,.................................................................... 231 Cholera, asiatic,.................................................................... 235 Cholerine,............................................................................ 241 Chest, dropsy of the,............................................................ 582 Chlorosis,....... , .................................................................. 623 Change of life....................................................................... 635 Childbirth,........................................................................... 683 Chronic dropsy of the brain,.................................................... 586 Chilblains,........................................................................... 342 Chancre,.............................................................................. 334 Chronic rheumatism,............................................................. LO' Chronic dyspepsia,................................................................ 189 Chronic inflammation ofthe bowels.......................................... 2"1 Chronic inflammation of the liver,................................■........... 289 Chronic inflammation of the bladder,........................................ 3°4 Chronic inflammation of the larynx,.......................................... 424 Chronic laryngitis,.........................................<...................... 4-1 816 INDEX. Chronic diseases ofthe pharynx,.......................................:..... 437 Chronic inflammation ofthe spinal cord,.................................... 513 Chronic sore throat,............................................................... 437 Cina, range of use,................................................................ 770 Circulatory organs,............................................................... 39 Circulatory apparatus, diseases of,........................................... 482 Clothing,............................................................................. 28 Clap,.................................................................................. 327 Coffea, cruda, range of use,.................................................... 771 Conditions of treatment in fevers,........=................................... 71 Constipation,........................................................................ 212 Congestio ad abdomen,........................................................... 274 Consumption of the throat,..................................................... 424 Congestion of the chest,......................................................... 466 Consumption ofthe lungs....................................................... 473 Congestio ad caput,............................................................... 497 Concussions,...................................................... ................. 592 Contused wounds,............... ................................................. 599 Continued menstruation during pregnancy................................. 663 Constipation after delivery,..................................................... 693 Constipation,........................................................................ 732 Common sore throat, (quinsy,)................................................ 432 Coming ofthe milk,.............................................................. 691 Convulsions,....................................................................... 685 Colic,................................................................................. 241 Colic, painter's..................................................................... 242 Colica, pictonam,.................................................................. 242 Cold in the head, catarrh, coryza,............................................ 379 Cold in the chest,.............................. ................................... 385 Cold in the head,.................................................................. 719 Colic,................................................................................ 736 Colocynthis, range of use,....................................................... 772 Corns, clavipedis,.................................................................. 344 Cornea, specks on the,........................................................... 554 Cornea, opacity of the,.......................................................... 554 Coryza,............................................................................... 719 Costiveness,......................................................................... 212 Cough................................................................................. 393 Coxalgia, coxagra,................................................................ 540 Cramps in the legs,............................................................... 567 Cramps during pregnancy....................................................... 671 INDEX. 817 Cramps............................................................................... 685 Croup,................................................................................ 414 Crying,.........................................................................••••• 716 Cutaneous diseases,............................................................... 33° Cyanosis............................................................................. 715 Cystitis,.............................................................................. 301 D. Dandruff,............................................................................. 566 Deafness,............................................................................ 559 Deficiency or suppression ofthe secretion of milk,....................... 703 Deformities.......................................................................... 714 Dentition,............................................................................ 746 Delay of the first menses....................................................... 622 Depression of spirits,............................................................. 673 Derbyshire neck,................................................................... 567 Delirium tremens,................................................................. 521 Determination of blood to the abdomen,.................................... 274 Determination of blood to the chest,......................................... 466 Determination ofthe quality of milk,........................................ 704 Diabetis,............................................................................. 319 Diarrhoea during pregnancy,..............................................-..... 667 Diarrhoea after delivery.......................................................... 693 Diarrhoea,.....................................................................219, 732 Diet, observations on,............................................................ 5 Diet, articles of, that may be allowed,...................................... 9 Diet, articles of, sometimes allowed,......................................... 11 Diet, articles of, that cannot.be allowed, &c,............................. 13 Diet during nursing .............................................................. 706 Difficulty in discharging urine,................................................ 311 Digestive table,..................................................................... 14 Di^'. stive organs,................................................................. 34 Disease, special examination of,............................................... 55 Diseases involving the various organs, &c.................................. 69 Diseases ofthe digestive organs,.............................................. 162 Diseases of the alimentary canal,............................................ 162 Diseases ofthe teeth,............................................................. 162 Diseases ofthe urinary organs,................................................ 298 Diseases ofthe skin,.............................................................. 338 Disease of the conglobate glands,............................................. 845 Diseases ofthe respiratory organs,........................................... 376 Diseases ofthe circulatory apparatus,....................................... 482 70 -------------------------------------------------------------. 818 INDEX. Diseases of the nervous system,............................................... 497 Diseases involving various organs and regions,........................... 539 Diseases of the eyes,.............................................................. 545 Diseases of women,............................................................... 621 Diseases of new-born infants and young infants,.......................... 696 Dislocations,......................................................................... 603 Discharges of blood from the anus or rectum,............................. 731 Dropsy of the scrotum,.......................................................... 334 Dropsy................................................................................ 576 Dropsy of the abdomen.......................................................... 580 Dropsy of the chest,............................................................... 582 Dropsy of the brain,.............................................................. 584 Dropsy ofthe brain, (chronic,)................................................ 586 Dropsy ofthe testicle,............................................................ 691 Dropsy of the womb,.......................................................691, 648 Dropsy ofthe ovaries,............................................................ 656 Dress during pregnancy, ........................................................ 659 Drosera, rotundifolia, range of use,.......................................... 772 Dulcamara, range of use,........................................................ 773 Dyspepsia............................................................................ 185 Dyspepsia, chronic,............................................................... 189 Dysentery............................................................................ 226 Dysuria,.............................................................................. 311 Dysecoea,........................................................................... 559 Dysmenorrhcea,.................................................................... 634 E. Ears, ruuning ofthe,............................................................. 558 Ear, inflammation of the,....................................................... 556 Earache,............................................................................. 556 Ears, suppression of the discharge,........................................... 559 Ears, buzzing or noises in the,................................................. 560 Emancio mensium,................................................................ 623 Enteralgia,.......................................................................... 241 Enteritis,............................................................................ 253 Enuresis,............................................................................. 316 Enuresis, nocturnal,............................................................... 318 Endo carditis........................................................................ 489 Encephalitis,........................................................................ 501 Epilepsy, epilepsia,............................................................... 524 Epistaxis,............................................................................ 561 INDEX. 819 Erysipelas,........................................................................... I38 Erysipelas, (induration of the skin,)......................................... 725 External applications,............................................................ 68 Examination of patients,....................................................... 50 External treatment,........................................................ 343-345 Exposure to heat, (overheating,).............................................. 6''~ Exercise during pregnancy,.................................................... 658 Excessive secretion of the Milk, or involuntary emissions,............ 692 Exercise.............................................................................. 711 Excoriations........................................................................ 722 Eye, diseases of,.................................................................... 545 Eye, inflammation of,............................................................. 548 Eyes, rheumatism aflt. ting the,............................................... 519 Eyes, gout affecting the,......................................................... 550 Eyes, scrofulous sore,............................................................ 551 Eyes, catarrhal inflammation of,.............................................. 553 Eyes, syphilitic sore, ............................................................ 553 Eyes, gonorrhoeal inflammation,............................................... 553 Eyes, bloodshot,................................................................... 555 F. Faceache............................................................................. 530 Fatigue............................................................................... 609 Fainting,............................................................................. 574 Falling of the womb............................................................. 643 Fainting and hysteric fits during pregnancy............................... 669 False pains,......................................................................... 681 Falling off of the hair after delivery,......................................... 696 Fevers,................................................................................ 69 Febres................................................................................ 69 Fever, simple....................................................................... '2 Fever, nervous, (febris nervoso,)............................................. 76 Fever, inflammatory,............................................................. '3 Fever, typhoid or typhus,...................................................... 76 Fever, gastric or bilious,........................................................ 8? Fevers, intermittent,............................................................ "7 Febris intermittens,............................................................... "' Fever, yellow....................................................................... HO Fever, eruptive,.................................................................... H° Fever, scarlet,...................................................................... I23 Fever, rheumatic,................................................................. 153 820 INDEX. Fever, lung,......................................................................... 450 Fits.................................................................................... 524 Flatulency,.......................................................................... 248 Flooding,........................................................................... 674 Flooding after delivery,.......................................................... 687 Fractures............................................................................. 603 Furunculus,........................................................................ 338 Furunculus, malignans,.......................................................... 340 c. Gathered breasts,.................................................................. 695 Gastric or bilious fever,.................................... ..................... 87 Gastralgia,........................................................................... 202 Gastritis,............................................................................. 248 General description of organs of respiration,............................... 368 Giddiness,............................................................................ 538 Glossitis,............................................................................. 181 Gleet,................................................................................. 327 Glans penis, inflammation of,.................................................. 331 Gout................................................................................... 148 Gout affecting the eyes,......................................................... 550 Gonorrhoeal inflammation of the eyes,...................................... 553 Goitre................................................................................. 567 Gravel................................................................................ 305 Grippe,............................................................................... 447 Green sickness,..................................................................... 623 Gunshot wounds,.................................................................. 601 H. Haemetamesis,...................................................................... 210 Hematuria,......................................................................... 323 Haemorrhoids,................................................................671, 276 Haemorrhage with the urine,................................................... 323 Haemoptysis, haemorrhage from the lungs.................................. 408 Haemorrhoids or piles during pregnancy,................................... 671 Hair, baldness or loss of,........................................................ 5*>5 Hardness of hearing,.............................................................. 559 Headache, billious,................................................................ 192 Headache, stomachic,........................................................... 192 Heartburn,........................................................................... 201 Headache, hemicrania,........................................................... 633 « INDEX. 821 Headache, sick..................................................................... 538 Heat spots,......................................................................... 723 Head fall............................................................................ 745 Helleborus niger, range of use,................................................ 774 Helminthiasis,..................................................................... 263 Hepar sulphuris calcis, range of use,........................................ 774 Hepatitis,............................................................................ 284 Herpes circinnatus, herpes serpigo, Herpes,............................... 357 Hernia,............................................................................... 571 Hernia, strangulated,............................................................ 572 Hiccough,.....................................................................368, 745 Hives,................................................................................ 118 Hip disease,......................................................................... 540 Hip gout,............................................................................ 540 Hoarseness,.......................................................................... 401 Hooping cough,.................................................................... 442 Hordeolum,.......................................................................... 547 Hydrocele,........................................................................... 334 I Hydrops,............................................................................. 576 Hydrothorax,....................................................................... 582 Hydrocephalus,..................................................................... 584 Hydrocele,........................................................................... 591 Hydrometra,........................................................................ 591 Hydrophobia,....................................................................... 614 Hydrometra,........................................................................ 648 Hydrops ovaries,.................................................................. 656 Hyoscyamus niger, range of use,............................................. 775 Hysterics, (hysteria,)............................................................. 638 I. Icterus,.....................................................................•......... 291 Ignatia amara, range of use,................................................... 776 Incontinence of urine,............................................................ 316 Incontinence of urine during pregnancy,................................... 671 Indigestion,......................................................................... 185 Incubus,.............................................................................. 570 Immoderate secretion of urine,................................................ 319 Inflammatory fever,.............................................................. 73 Inflammatory rheumatism,...................................................... 153 Inflammation of the tonsils,.................................................... 166 Inflammation of the tongue,.................................................... 181 Inflammation of the stomach,.................................................. 248 70* _________________________________________________1__________ 822 INDEX. Inflammation ofthe bowels,.................................................... 253 Inflammation of the bowels, (chronic,)...................................... 261 Inflammation ofthe peritoneum,............................................. 262 Inflammation of liver, acute,................................................... 284 Inflammation of liver, chronic,................................................. 289 Inflammation of the spleen,.................................................... 294 Inflammation of the kidneys,................................................... 298 Inflammation ofthe bladder,........ .......................................... 301 Inflammation of the bladder, chronic,........................................ 304 Inflammation of urethra,........................................................ 327 Inflammation, glans penis,...................................................... 331 Inflammation of the teste,....................................................... 332 Inflammation ofthe bronchia................................................... 447 Inflammation of the lungs, (pneumonia,)................................... 450 Inflammation ofthe investing membrane ofthe heart,.........., ...... 485 Inflammation of the lining membrane ofthe heart....................... 489 Inflammation ofthe heart,...................................................... 493 Inflammation of the brain and tissues,...................................... 501 Inflammation of the spinal cord, (acute,)................................... 511 Inflammation of the spinal cord, (chronic,)................................ 613 Inflammation ofthe psoas muscle,........................................... 539 Inflammation ofthe eye, (iritis,).............................................. 548 Inflammation ofthe ear,......................................................... 556 Inflammation ofthe ovaries,.................................................... 653 Inflammation ofthe labia and vagina,....................................... 656 Inflammation of the eyes, (opthalmia neonotorum,)..................... 720 Inflammation of the privates,.................................................. 729 Inflammation of the labia,...................................................... 729 Inflammation of the foreskin,.................................................. 730 Infantile, remittent fever,....................................................... 737 Influenza,............................................................................ 447 Introduction,........................................................................ 1 Intermittent fever,................................................................ 97 Intertrigo,........................................................................... 722 Invermination,..................................................................... 263 Ipecacuanha, range of use,...................................................... 777 Ischuria,............................................................................. 307 Itch,................................................................................... 350 Itching ofthe skin,................................................................ 355 Itchings, during pregnancy,.................................................... 668 Itching of the anus,.............................................................. 270 Itchings and burnings in the private parts,................................ 729 INDEX. 823 J. Jaundice,............................................................................ 291 Jaundice............................................................................. 731 K. King's evil,........................................................................ 797 Kink in the neck,................................................................ 160 Kidneys, inflammation of,....................................................... 298 Knee, affections of the,......................................................... 544 L. Labia and vagina, inflammation ofthe,...................................... 656 Labor,................................................................................ 683 Labors, protracted,............................................................... 684 Lacerated wounds,............................................ .................. 598 Laryngitis,........................................................................ 404 Laryngitis, chronic,.............................................................. 424 Larnyx, chronic inflammation of,............................................ 424 Legs, cramps in the,.............................................................. 567 Leucorrhoea,........................................................................ 641 List of remedies................................................................... 47 Liver complaint, Liver complaint, (acute,)................................. 284 Liver complaint,................................................................... 289 Loins, pains in the,.............................................................. 575 Lochia, ofthe,...................................................................... 689 Lock-jaw,.......................................................................... 742 Loss of flesh,....................................................................... 745 Lung fever........................................................................... 450 Luxations,.......................................................................... 603 Lumbago,............................................................................ 159 Lycopodium, range of use,...................................................... 778 Lymphatic tumours,............................................................. 345 M. Mania a potu,...................................................................... 521 Marasmus,.......................................................................... '45 Maternal marks, (Neavi,)....................................................... 714 Medicines best adapted to the different temperaments, habits, &c.,. 48 Medicines, the form of, for domestic practice,............................. 66 Medicines, preserving the purity of,.......................................... 67 Measles,............................................................................. 131 Meconium, of the.................................................................. 700 Memory, weakness or loss of,.................................................. 538 Mental emotions,.................................................................. 618 824 INDEX. Menstruation,...................................................................... 621 Menstruation, obstructed,...................................................... 622 Menstruation, tardy,............................................................. 625 j Menses, suppression ofthe,..................................................... 627 Menstruation, too soon or too frequent,..................................... 631 Menstruation, too profuse,...................................................... 632 Menstruation, painful,............................................................ 634 Menstrual colic,.................................................................... 634 Menstrual, climacterae, (menopsia,)........................................... 635 Mental habits, of the............................................................. 660 Menstruation, continued,........................................................ 663 Menorrhagia,....................................................................... 674 Mental emotions affecting the milk,......................................... 703 Mercurius vivus, range of use,................................................ 779 Method of noting diseases, observations on,............................... 49 Miliara purpura,.................................................................. 121 Miscarriage,......................................................................... 677 Milk fever,.......................................................................... 691 Milk, coming of the,.............................................................. 691 Milk, suppression ofthe,........................................................ 692 Milk crust........................................................................... 724 Modified small-pox................................................................ 143 Monstrosities,....................................................................... 714 Morning sickness,................................................................. 666 Mumps,.............................................................................. 183 Myelitis, meningitis spinalis,................................................... 511 Myopia,.............................................................................. 555 N. Nephritis............................................................................. 298 Nervous fever,..................................................................... 76 Nervous system, diseases of,................................................... 497 Nettle rash,......................................................................... 118 Neuralgia, (nerve pain,).......................................................... 530 Nightmare........................................................................... 670 Nocturnal enuresis,............................................................... 318 Nocturnal urination,............................................................. 130 Notalgia........................................•..................................... 575 Nose, bleeding ofthe,............................................................ 661 Nose, swelling ofthe,............................................................ 563 Nutrition table,.................................................................... 16 Nux vomica, range of use,...................................................... 781 INDEX. 825 o. Observations on air and exeroise,............................................. 17 Observations on diet,............................................................ 5 Observations on sleep,........................................................... 30 Observations on occupations and professions,.............................. 33 Observations on the method of noting diseases............................ 49 Obstructed menstruation,...... ................................................ 622 Obstacles to nursing,............................................................. 702 Obstruction of the nose,......................................................... 719 Occupations and professions, observations on,............................ 83 Odontalgia.......................................................................... 162 Of preserving the purity of medicines,....................................... 67 Of cold in general,................................................. .............. 378 Offensive breath,................................................................... 566 Of the meconium,.................................................................. 700 Of nursing,.......................................................................... 701 Opacity of the cornea,.......................................................... 554 Opium, range of use,............................................................. 783 Opthalmia, (opthalmia neonotorum,......................................... 716 Organs, digestive,................................................................. 34 Organs respiratory,............................................................... 37 Organs, circulatory,.............................................................. 39 Organs, urinary,................................................................... 40 Organs, biliary,.................................................................... 40 Organs of respiration, and their diseases,................................... 368 Organs of respiration, general description of,.............................. 368 Organs respiratory, diseases of,............................................... 376 Organs of the senses, affection of,............................................ 545 Otitis, ................................................................................ 556 Otalgia,.............................................................................. 556 Otorrhoea, ........................................................................... 558 Ovaries, inflammation of the, (ovaritis,).................................... 653 Ovaries, dropsy of,................................................................ 656 Overheating,........................................................................ 607 P. Pain in the small ofthe back, neck, &c,................................... 159 Painter's colic,.................................................................... 24-J Pain in the hip..................................................................... 540 Pains in the loins,................................................................. 575 Pains in the back and side during pregnancy,............................. 670 Palsy, paralysis,................................................................... 516 826 INDEX. Panaris paronychia,.............................................................. 853 Parotitis,............................................................................ i83 Parturition,............. ........................................................... 683 Patients, examination of,........................................................ 50 Peritonitis,.......................................................................... 262 Perniones,........................................................................... 342 Peripneumonia, pnumonia notha,............................................. 455 Pharyngitis, inflammation ofthe pharnyx,................................. 430 Phthisis pulmonalis,............................................................. 473 Phrenitis,............................................................................ 501 Phimosis, ........................................................................... 730 Phosphorus, range of use,..................................................... 785 Physometra,..................................................................671, 276 Piles,................................................................................. 276 Pleurisy, pleuritis,................................................................ 458 Pneumonia,.......................................................................... 450 Pneumonia1 typhoid or congestive,........................................... 456 Potatorum,......................................................................... 521 Poisoned wounds,...................... .......................................... 602 Principle of applying remedies,............................................... 47 Protrusion of the intestine,.................................................... 282 Prolapsus ani....................................................................... 282 Prurigo,............................................................................. 355 Prolapsus uteri,.................................................................... 643 Pruritus, during pregnancy.................................................... 668 Pregnancy,.......................................................................... 657 Protracted labors,................................................................. 684 Prickly heat........................................................................ 723 Pruritus,............................................................................. 729 Profuse urination,................................................................ 730 Psora................................................................................. 350 Psoas muscle, inflammation of, (psoitis,)................................... 539 Pulsatilla, range of use,........................................................ 786 Putrid sore throat,................................................................ 172 Pustulo nigra...................................................................... 340 Pustular ring-worm,.............................................................. 358 Punctured wounds,............................................................... 600 Pyrosis,............................................................................... 201 Q. Quinsy,............................................................................... 166 Quinsy malignant,................................................................. 172 INDEX. 827 R. Range of use of the more prominent remedies used in this work,.... 753 Rash, nettle,........................................................................ 118 Rash, scarlet,....................................................................... 121 Rash in children, (hives,)....................................................... 368 Rancitas,............................................................................. 401 Regurgitation of milk,........................................................... 718 Remarks,............................................................................ 688 Remedies, rule for the administrations of,................................. 65 Remedies, suitable to follow others,.......................................... 68 Remittent fever,................................................................... 87 Repetition of remedies,........................................................... 65 Respiratory organs,............................................................... 37 Retention of urine, or painful urination after delivery,................. 694 Retention of urine,............................................................... 730 Rheumatism, acute,............................................................... 753 Rheumatism, inflammatory,.................................................... 153 Rheumatism, chronic,........................................................... 157 Rheumatic fever................................................................... 153 Rheumatism, sciatic,............................................................. 160 Rheumatism of the neck,........................................................ 160 Rheumatism ofthe hip........................................................... 540 Rheumatism, affecting the eyes,............................................... 549 Rhus toxicodendon, range of use,........................................... 787 Ringworm,........................................................................... 357 Ringworm of the scalp,.......................................................... 358 Rose,................................................................................. I38 Retention of urine................................................................. 307 Rubeola,............................................................................. 131 Rush of blood to the head,...................................................... 497 Running of the ears,............................................................. 558 Rupture,............................................................................. 571 Rupture, (hernia,)................................................................ 715 Running from the ears, (otorrhcea,).......................................... 727 Rupture of the navel,............................................................ 727 s. Scarlet rash,....................................................................... I2* Scarlet fever,....................................................................... 123 Scarlatina,........................................................................... I23 Sciatica,.............................................................................. 160 828 INDEX. Scabies............................................................................... 850 Scrofulous sore eyes, (scrofulous opthalmia,), Scrofula,................ 797 Scurvy of the mouth,............................................................. 178 Scurf on the head,................................................................ 723 Scanty and painful urination,.................................................. 730 Sea-sickness,....................................................................... 208 Sepia succus, range of use,..................................................... 788 Short or near sightedness,...................................................... 555 Silicea, range of use,............................................................ 790 Simple fever......................................................................... 72 Simple inflammation of the throat,........................................... 431 Sick headache,..................................................................... 538 Sleep, observations on,........................................................... 30 Sleeplessness,...................................................................... 569 Sleep,................................................................................. 71° Sleeplessness,...................................................................... '1° Small-pox, Small-pox modified,............................................... 143 Sore throat,......................................................................... 166 Sore throat, putrid,.............................................................. 172 Sore throat, chronic,............................................................. 437 Sore nipples,........................................................................ 694 Sore eyes,........................................................................... '16 Soreness behind the ears........................................................ 724 Soreness of the navel,............................................................ 728 Spasms of the stomach,......................................................... 202 Splenitis,............................................... ....................-....... 294 Spurious pneumonia, (peripneumonia,)..................................... 455 Spitting of blood,.................................................................. 468 Spasm,............................................................................... 517 Specks on the cornea, Squinting.............................................. 554 Sprains,............................................................................. 594 Spasmodic pains,.................................................................. 685 Spasms or convulsions,........................................................... 739 Spasms of the chest,............................................................. 743 Spongia tosta, range of use,.................................................... 79l St. Anthony's fire, ............................................................... 138 St. Vitus' dance, Stammering,................................................. 532 Stomach, affections ofthe,....................................................... 184 Stomachic headache,............................................................. 192 Stone.................................................................................. 305 Strangury,.......................................................................... 311 INDEX. 829 Strabismus,......................................................................... 554 Strangulated hernia,.............................................................. 572 Stye................................................................................... 547 Strains,............................................................................... 595 Stings of insects,.................................................................. 608 Suppression of urine,............................................................ 314 Suppression of menses,.......................................................... 627 Suppression of the milk,....................................................... 692 Supplementary diet of infants.................................................. 707 Sulphur, range of use,........................................................... 792 Summer complaint, (cholera infantum,)..................................... 734 Sweating feet,...................................................................... 568 Swelled testicle,................................................................... 332 Swelling of the nose,............................................................. 663 Swelling or enlargement ofthe womb,....................................... 647 Swelling ofthe veins,............................................................ 672 Swelling of the head, with enchymosis...................................... 700 Swelling of the breasts,......................................................... 728 Swelling of the prepuce,........................................................ 730 Swooning, Syncope,.............................................................. 674 Syphilis,............................................................................. 334 Syphilitic sore eyes,.............................................................. 653 T. Table of digestion,................................................................ 14 Table of nutrition................................................................... 16 Tartarus emeticus, range of use,............................................. 794 Tardy menstruation,.............................................................. 625 Temperaments,.................................................................... 44 Testis, inflammation of,........................................................ 332 Testicle, dropsy of the........................................................... 591 Tetanus.............................................................................. 611 Tetter................................................................................. 802 The nervous system,.............................................................. 41 The special examination of disease,.......................................... 55 The form of medicines for domestic use,.................................... 66 Throat, simple inflammation of,............................................... 481 Throat, chronic sore,............................................................. 437 Thrush,............................................................................... 721 The choice of a nurse,........................................................... 705 The gum,............. ..............................................•............... 722 Tic doloreux,....................................................................... 63^ 71 830 INDEX. Toothache,........................................................................... 162 Toothache, during pregnancy,................................................. 670 Treatment, external,.............................................................. 343 Treatment after delivery,....................................................... 686 Treatment of the child after birth,........................................... 697 Treatment of mothers who do not nurse their children,................ 704 Tussis,................................................................................. 393 Typhoid or congestive pneumonia,.............................................. 456 Typhus or typhoid fever,........................... ............................. 76 Tympanites ofthe womb,........................................................... 647 u. Ulcers, ulcera....................................................................... 362 Ulcers, varicose,................................................................... 366 Umbilical cord,..................................................................... 727 Urinary organs,................................................................... 40 Urticara,............................................................................ 118 Urinary organs, diseases of,.................................................... 298 Urinary calculus, ................................................................. 305 Urine, retention of,............................................................... 307 Urine, difficulty in discharging,.................... ........................... 311 Urine, suppression of,............................................................ 314 Urine, incontinence of,.....................................................671...316 Urine, immoderate secretion of,............................................... 319 Urine, haemorrhage with the,................................................... 323 V. Vaccination,......................................................................... 750 Varicella,............................................................................ 142 Varioloid,............................................................................ 143 Variola,.............................................................................. 143 Varicose ulcers,.................................................................... 366 Varicose veins,..................................................................... 672 Varicose tumors,................................................................... 672 Venereal disease,.................................................................. 334 Veratrum album, range of use,................................................ 795 Vertigo,.............................................................................. 538 Vertigo and headache,........................................................... 664 Vigilance,............................................................................ 569 Vomiting blood,............................................................. 210, 468 Vomiting mucus,................................................................ 209 INDEX. 831 W. Waterbrash,......................................................................... 201 Wetting the bed,............................................................ 318, 730 Weakness or loss of memory,................................................... 538 Weaning.............................................................................. 749 Weeping, or watery eye,......................................................... 554 Weaning, or period of suckling,................................................ 709 Whitlow,.............................................................................. 353 Whites, (whitish discharge from the vagina,).............................. 641 White discharge from the private parts, (leucorrhoea,)................. 729 Worms,.............................................................................. 263 Womb, dropsy of,........................................................... 591, 648 Womb, falling of the,............................................................. 643 Womb, swelling or enlargement of,........................................... 647 Womb, tympanites of the,...................................................... 647 Wounds,.............................................................................. 595 Wounds, lacerated,................................................................ 698 Wounds, contused,................................................................ 599 Wounds, punctured,............................................................... 600 Wounds, gunshot,.................................................................. 601 Wounds, poisoned,................................................................ 602 Y. Yellow fever........................................................................ 110 CATALOGUE OF HOMEOPATHIC BOOKS, PUBLISHED BY RADEMAOHEE & SHEEK, No. 239 Arch St., Philadelphia. The Homoeopathic Materia Medica, arranged Sys- tematically and Practically by A. Teste, M.D. Trans- lated from the French, by Charles J. Hempel, M. D. (634 octavo pages.) 1854. Bound, $2.50. This work is a valuable contribution to the literature of our School in more than one respect. It is the work of an original thinker, who is at the same time one of the most distinguished prac- titioners of Homoeopathy in France. In this work the principal drugs composing our Materia Medica are arranged in groups, each group containing those drugs which resemble each other in their effects upon the healthy body. This is a novel feature of the work, which will prove eminently suggestive to inquiring minds and sim- plifies to an astonishing degree the study of the drug-symptoms, which the Homoeopathic physician has to depend upon as thera- peutic indications, and which, in our present manuals and repertories, are not presented with sufficient clearness and practical simplicity. In Teste's work, the symptoms are no longer mixed up in one con- fused mass, but they are presented to the mind in a certain logical order, based upon pathological as well as pharmacodynamic analogies. 1 CATALOGUE OP BOOKS PUBLISHED BY The work is moreover distinguished by an extraordinary amount of valuable information concerning the history of every drug, and its use in allceopathic practice. Teste shows, by the evidence of allceo- pathic authorities, that where ever a medicine exhibited striking curative virtues in a given disease, they were invariably traceable to its being Homoeopathic to the disease in the sense in which this term is understood by Hahnemann and his disciples. The intro- duction to Teste's work is a brilliant composition, full of sound reasoning, clearness of views and characterised by correctness and comprehensiveness in all its statements. We unhesitatingly com- mend this work to the profession as a most useful, instructive and eminently suggestive production. To the student of Homoeopathy this work will prove an invaluable guide to an intimate and philoso- phical acquaintance with our Materia Medica; in Teste's work the student will find combined in a clear and logical order, and with an unexceptionable simplicity, the symptomatic indications which are scattered with many repetitions through a whole series of volumes in Hahnemann's Materia Medica, or in Jahr's Symptomen-codex. The work is printed on beautiful paper; type and binding are perfect. Organon of Specific Homoeopathy; or, an Inductive Exposition of the Principles ofthe Homoeopathic Heal- ing Art, addressed to Physicians and intelligent Lay- men. By Charles J. Hempel, M. D. (246 octavo pages.) 1854. Bound, $1.00. This is a handsomely bound volume, in large 8vo. of 216 pages, printed on paper of a superfine quality and in beautiful type. The work is divided in three parts and an introduction. The first part is a philosophical synopsis of Hahnemann's Organon and his doc- trine of chronic miasms; the second part is a searching and com- prehensive, but exceedingly consistent and logical review of the existing doctrine and practice of Homoeopathy; and the third part contains an inductive exposition of the fundamental principle of Homoeopathy as founded in nature and in man's intellectual and 2 RADEMACHER A SHEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA. physical organism. No one who has a knowledge of the leading works of our School, will deny that in point of deep and rigorous reasoning, beauty and vigor of composition and intensity of en- lightened faith in the truths of Homoeopathy, this work holds a deservedly high, and, in some respects, the highest rank. It is a work that should be studied with the most careful attentiou by every physician or student of medicine who is anxious to see the doctrine of Homoeopathy, divested of all human adulterations) presented to the mind in its genuine purity, as an imperishable and infinite science. This work is not written for a day or for a clique, but for all time and for every generous and independent lover of truth. ----«•» The Homoeopathic Guide, in all Diseases of the Urin- ary and Sexual Organs, including the Derangements caused by Onanism and Sexual Excesses; with a strict regard to the present demands of medical science, and accompanied by an appendix on the use of Electro-Magnetism in the treatment of these dis- eases. By Wm. Gollmakn, M. D. Translated, with additions, by Charles J. Hempel, M.D. (309 octavo pages.) 1854. Bound, $1 50. This important work is one of the most interesting volumes that has lately been published. No Homoeopathic work of this kind is superior to it. All the diseases of the urinary and sexual organs are described in this volume with scientific accuracy, and their treat- ment is indicated with the most minute precision. The dose of the various remedies recommended in this book is likewise carefully pointed out. The history of the most interesting diseases, such as syphilis, &c, is likewise furnished, affording room for philosophical thought and materially heightening the interest of this remarkable work. As regards treatment, it may be said that every thing known on this subject, both as respects remedies and general hygi- enic management, has been carefully and comprehensively stated. 3 CATALOGUE OF BOOKS PUBLISHED BY The symptomatic indications of the various remedies, together with the doses to be prescribed, have been given with the most exem- plary correctness, and leave absolutely nothing to be desired. Dr. Hempel's additions to the work will be found highly valuable, and the appendix on electro-magnetism is likewise a most useful and interesting composition. Although the work is an eminently scientific treatise, yet its style is so simple and it is so perfectly free from all strange-sounding technicalities, that it may be read with profit even by those who do not make medicine their special study. The work is a large 8vo. volume of upwards of three hundred pages, beautifully bound, and printed on superfine paper, in the best type. The Homoeopathic Treatment of Acute and Chro- nic Diseases, by Emilius Kreussler, M. D. Trans- lated from the German, with important Additions and Revisions, by Charles J. Hempel, M.D. (190 pages.) 1854. Bound, 75 cents. This is a small 8vo. volume of 190 pages, close print. It is well bound and the paper is of superior quality. The author is a prac- titioner of great experience and acknowledged talent. This little work is distinguished by concise brevity and lucid simplicity in the description of the various diseases that usually come under the observation of physicians, and the remedies for the various symp- toms are carefully indicated. The reader is never troubled with abstract speculations concerning the nature of disease ; every state- ment in this little volume is to the point and of practical interest. Dr. Hempel, the translator of the work, has interspersed it with a number of highly useful and interesting notes, which cannot fail to enhance the value of this work to American physicians. The dose will be found indicated with sufficient minuteness to afford all neces- sary information to practitioners as well as to intelligent laymen. The reader will find a good deal of interesting and even important matter in this little volume that will be looked for in vain in our larger treatises. "We say to all the friends of Homoeopathy—buy this work and you will find it a profitable acquisition. 4 RADEMACHER & SHEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA Manual of Homoeopathic Practice, for the use of Families. By A. E. Small, A. M., M. D., Professor of Physiology and Medical Jurisprudence, in the Homoe- opathic Medical College of Philadelphia, etc. (Fourth edition, 852 pages.) 1856. Bound, $2.00. This is the best work of domestic practice now in print. Its author is a gentleman of acknowledged experience in the homoeo- pathic treatment of diseases, and of a high order of scientific attain- ments. The work may be used by physicians as well as by lay- practitioners. It is entirely free from all Greek and Latin techni- calities ; every disease is described in plain English, although the general style of the work satisfies all the demands of elegant diction. It is a work which may either be consulted as the occasion requires, or it may be studied from beginning to end with pleasure and profit by any one who takes the least interest in medicine gene- rally, and in homoeopathic medicine in particular. Besides giving a correct and lucid description of the diseases which physicians are called upon to treat, this work likewise furnishes the reader an opportunity of becoming acquainted with the fundamental facts and principles of physiology, anatomy, and general hygiene, including many practical suggestions, regarding exercise, bathing, clothing, diet, etc., which cannot but prove valuable to all who use this work as a guide in practice. It must be universally conceded that the object which the author has sought to attain in arranging this book, has been achieved to the full satisfaction of an impartial and enlight- ened public. Medicine, and more particularly homoeopathic medi- cine, has been rendered accessible to the simplest understanding, so that, with this book before them, every intelligent parent will be able to prescribe for his or her family, if sickness should occur amongst them, and they should not wish to send for a physician, or be deprived of the opportunity of employing one. A characteristic feature of this work is not only to give a full account of every medi- cine that may have to be used in a case of sickness, but likewise to mention the dose of every remedy with minute exactness, and to indicate the diet which should be pursued in every case. We feel warranted in recommending this work, above every similar work of the kind, to all the friends of homoeopathic practice. 29 5 CATALOGUE OF BOOKS PUBLISHED BY The Pocket Manual of Homoeopathic Practice, abridged from the "Manual of Homoeopathic Practice" of A. E. Small, M. D., by Jacob F. Sheek, M. D., ^126 pages.) 1856. Bound, 37| cents. This is an abridgment of Small's larger manual of homoeopathic practice, containing all that is immediately important and essential to practice, in a condensed form. As its name indicates, it may be conveniently carried about in one's pocket, together with a case of medicines corresponding to it. The dose of every remedy is care- fully indicated, and altogether this little work will be found admi- rably adapted to those who do not wish to take the trouble of consulting larger works. Diseases of Females and Children and their Ho- moeopathic Treatment, by Walter Williamson, M. D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the Homoeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania. Second improved and enlarged edition. Containing also a full description of the dose of each medicine. (Over 250 pages.) 1854. Bound, 75 cents; This is an admirable little volume, arranged by a gentleman who is amply able to do justice to the subject of which it treats. Dr. Williamson has enjoyed the most extensive opportunities of accumu- lating a vast amount of experience in the treatment of female dis- eases, and likewise of the diseases of children; and he has availed himself of this experience for the purpose of presenting the homoeo- pathic treatment of these diseases to professional as well as lay- minds, in a simple and concise, but nevertheless sufficiently compre- hensive form. The indications for the use of every remedy are clear and precise, and the dose is likewise indicated with much minuteness in every case. To married females and mothers who have children to bring up, or who are in delicate circumstances and subject to the various ailments incident to the process of utero-gestation, this 6 RADEMACHER & SHEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA. volume will prove a most valuable medical companion. Paper, type, and binding are unexceptionable. ---«•>--- The Parent's Guide. Containing the Diseases of In- fancy and Childhood and their Homoeopathic Treat- ment. To which is added a Treatise on the Method of rearing Children from their earliest Infancy; com- prising the essential branches of Moral and Physical Education. By J. Laurie, M. D. Edited, with addi- tions, by Walter Williamson, M. D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the Homoeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania. (460 pages.) 1854. Bound, $1 00. This admirable treatise should be in the hands of all those who have any thing to do with the education of children. It is pecu- liarly adapted to mothers, intelligent nurses and teachers. Wise rules for the rearing of children from infancy to the maturer age of childhood, may be found on almost every page of this interesting volume. The young mother may trust it as a safe guide in the various ailments and accidents incidental to pregnancy, and in the management of her little offspring. All the diseases to which chil- dren are liable, are described in this volume with remarkable con- ciseness and accuracy, and their treatment is indicated in such plain and precise language that no intelligent parent can have any difficulty in conducting it to a satisfactory termination in the various diseases described in this work. What will be peculiarly gratifying to those who avail themselves of this guide, is the detailed account given of the manner in which the different remedies should be administered. The omission of this information has been a great stumbling-block in other popular treatises on Homoeopathy; in the present Guide the mode of administering the remedy is carefully indicated from the beginning to the end of the disease. Dr. Williamson's additions will be found very valuable, and they, 7 CATALOGUE" OF BOOKS PUBLISHED BY together with Dr. Laurie's own eminently practical and lucid observations, make this work one of the most desirable treatises on the diseases of infancy and childhood, and their homoeopathic treat- ment, that our school can boast of. ---«»> Caspari's Homoeopathic Domestic Physician, edit- ed by F. Hartmann, M.D., author of "The Acute and Chronic Diseases." Translated from the Eighth Ger- man edition, and enriched by a Treatise on Anatomy and Physiology, embellished with 30 illustrations by W. P. Esrey, M. D. With additions and a preface by C. Hering, M.D. Containing also a chapter on Mes- merism and Magnetism ; directions for patients living some distance from a Homoeopathic physician, to describe their symptoms; a Tabular Index of the medicines and the diseases in which they are used; and a Sketch of the Biography of Dr. Samuel Hahne- mann, the Founder of Homoeopathy. (475 pages.) Third thousand. 1856. Bound, $1 00. This volume deserves the especial attention of the profession as well as of the laity. Its authors are men of the highest standing, in the homoeopathic ranks. Oaspari, Hartmann and Hering, what- ever may have been their peculiarities as practitioners or theorists, it is an undeniable fact that these names are deeply interwoven in the framework of Homoeopathy. The diseases of which this volume treats, are arranged in alphabetical order, and will be found described as fully and with as many characteristic symptoms as is required for a lucid comprehension of the nature and phenomenal character of the disturbance. It is hardly necessary to add that men of such vast experience and so thoroughly acquainted with the Homoeopa- thic Materia Medica as Oaspari and Hartmann undoubtedly were, could never stoop to get up a work even for the people that was RADEMACHER & SHEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA. not replete with highly useful and practical information. Hering's own contributions to this work have of course enhanced its useful- ness. Esrey's additions, containing a synopsis of the elements of anatomy and physiology, will be found interesting, and may prove serviceable to practitioners as well as laymen. The anatomical section is enriched with suitable engravings. Paper, binding and type will be found satisfactory, even by the most fastidious. The work should be found in every Homoeopathic library, and may be studied and consulted with advantage by persons who do not wish to send for a physician on every occasion. The work is preceded by a very complete and highly interesting biographical sketch of the author of Homoeopathy. Laurie, Dr. J- Elements of Homoeopathic Practice of Physic. Second American edition, enlarged and improved, by A. Gerald Hull, M. D., and an Ap- pendix, on Intermittent Fever, by J. S. Douglas, A. M., M. D. 1853. 939 8vo. pages. Bound, $3.00. This is one of the best and most popular works on Homoeopathy ever issued in the English language. The author enjoys the reputa- tion of being one ofthe most distinguished Homoeopathic practitioners of Great Britain. This work has the double merit of being written for scientific physicians and intelligent laymen. The diagnosis of disease is given in clear and concise language; everything needful is fully and lucidly stated, and mere learned bombast is universally avoided as an unnecessary encumbrance. This work will be found an invaluable companion at the bedside of a patient, no matter what the character of the disease may be, whether a simple catar- rhal fever or a complicated inflammatory or nervous disorder. The work may be usefully and satisfactorily consulted by every non-pro- fessional gentleman and lady who take an interest in domestic practice, or whose circumstances compel them to depend upon their own resources in cases of sickness. This book will be found an interesting source of information concerning medical matters; it 29* 9 CATALOGUE OF BOOKS PUBLISHED BY may be read and studied chapter by chapter, and the more it is studied the more benefit will be derived from the use of this and other kindred works. The work is got up in superior style, and at a very low price. It is needless to say that the notes which have been added by the American editor, enhance the value of the work, and render it as perfect as such a work can well be. For the con- venience of the lay-practitioner the dose has been indicated with great care and minuteness in every case. ----«•> Laurie, Dr. J. Elements of Homoeopathic Practice Of Physic. 1852. (642 pages.) Bound, $2.00. This is the same work as the former, without the notes, by Drs. A. G. Hull and J. S. Douglas. <♦» Materia Medica of American Provings. By C. Hering, M. D., J. Jeanes, M. D., C. B. Matthews, M.D., W. Williamson, M. D., C. Neidhard, M. D., S. R. Dubs, M. D., C. Bute, M. D. Containing the Provings of—Acidum benzoicum, Acidum fiuoricum, Acidum oxalicum, Elaterium, Eupatorium perfolia- tum, Kalmia latifolia, Lobelia inflata, Lobelia cardi- nalis, Podophyllum peltatum, Sanguinaria canadensis, and Triosteum perfoliatum. Collected and arranged by the American Institute of Homoeopathy. With a Repertory by W. P. Esrey, M. D. Second Thousand. (300 pages.) 1853. Bound, $1. This volume was prepared and published under the auspices of the American Institute of Homoeopathy, and contains the provings of some of the most important homoeopathic remedies. The work is interspersed with a variety of practical suggestions and observe^ tions concerning the use of the medicines proved, and may be con- 10 RADEMACHER & SHEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA. eidered an indispensable addition to our Materia Medica. It is printed on excellent paper and the binding is unobjectionable. ----<«» Homoeopathic Treatment of Diseases ofthe Sexual System, being a complete Repertory of all the Symp- toms occurring in the Sexual System of the male and female. Adapted to the use of Physicians and Lay- men. Translated, arranged and edited, with addi- tions and improvements, by F. Humphreys, M. D., Professor of Homoeopathic Institutes, Pathology and the Practice of Medicine in the Homoeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania. Second Thousand. 144 pages.) Bound, 50 cents. This work is mainly derived from German sources. Its symptom- atology will be found very complete, and for all practical purposes the work will prove a most excellent aid in the treatment of the diseases of the sexual and urinary organs. ---*•*--- A Treatise on Anatomy and Physiology, by W. P. Esrey, M. D. With 30 Illustrations. (195 pages.) 1851. Bound, 50 cents. This treatise was originally added to Caspari's Domestic Phy- sician. It has been found advisable to strike off separate copies for the benefit of those who occasionally wish to consult a concise but very complete treatise on anatomy. The work is furnished with a large number of accurate and well-executed plates. The late author of the work is well known as an able and conscientious contributor to the stores of medical science. 11 CATALOGUE OF BOOKS PUBLISHED BY The Philadelphia Journal of Homoeopathy. Edited by William A. Gardiner, M. D., Professor of Anatomy in the Homoeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, Alvan E. Small, A. M., M. D., Professor of Physiology and Medical Jurisprudence in the Homoeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, and John F. Geary, M. D.; assisted by the following contributors: Drs. B. F. Joslin, A. H. Okie, J. P. Dake, P. P. Wells, J. H. Henry, J. Beakley, W. E. Payne, C. Dunham, James Kitchen, W. S. Helmuth, S. R. Dubs, G. Lingen. 4 vols., 1856. Bound, $8 00. (Subscription price, bound, $15.00.) Of this valuable periodical there are four volumes completed. They are replete with interesting and highly readable matter. Suffice it to say that such writers as Small, Helmuth, Kitchen, Hempel, Gardiner and others have been leading contributors to this publication. There is scarcely a medical subject of general or special interest that has not been discussed in one of these volumes with distinguished ability. We think that every friend of Homoeo- pathy should supply himself with a copy of this periodical; we are sure that no reasonable expectations as regards style, depth and correctness of reasoning, vastness and variety of information, will be left unanswered. The volumes are fitted up in a superior style. The Homoeopathic Treatment of Indigestion, Constipation, and Haemorrhoids, by William Morgan, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Edited, with notes and annotations, by A. E. Small, M. D., Professor of Physiology and Medical Jurisprudence in the Homoeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, and one of the Consulting Physicians of the Homoeopathic Hospital in Philadel- phia. (166 pages.) 1854. Bound, 75 cents. This excellent treatise may be consulted with advantage by all those who are suffering with dyspepsia, constipation and piles. Dr. Small, the American editor, has enriched it with valuable notes and suggestions from his own varied and reliable experience. 12 RADEMACHER k SHEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA. The Sides of the Body and Drug Affinities. Homoeopathic Exercises by C. von Bgenninghausen, M. D. Translated and edited by Charles J. Hempel, M. D. 1854. Paper cover, 25 cents. This little work is intended to show what medicines are particu- larly related to the respective sides and organs of the body; it likewise explains the affinities existing between various drugs in their action upon the living organism. The work is exceedinglv suggestive and interesting to the lovers of Homoeopathy. ---«••--- The Hand-Book to Veterinary Homoeopathy, or the Homoeopathic Treatment of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Dogs and Swine, by John Eush, Veterinary Surgeon. From the London Edition. With numerous additions from the Seventh German edition of Dr. F. B. Guenther's Homoeopathic Veteri- nary, translated by Jacob F. Sheek, M. D. (150 pages.) Bound 50 cents. This is an excellent treatise of Veterinary Homoeopathy, and will be found very useful by those who wish to save animals the tortures of Alloeopathic practice in sickness. The diseases are accurately described, and the doses indicated with great minuteness in every case. Paper, print and binding are of superior quality. ------<♦>------ SMALL'S MANUAL IN GERMAN. Manual of Homoeopathic Practice, for the use of Families and Private Individuals. By A. E. Small, A. M., M. D., Professor of Homoeopathic Institutes, etc. Fourth enlarged edition. Translated into Ger- man by Charles J. Hempel, M. D. (572 pages.) 1856. Price $2.00. For a more extended notice of this work we refer the reader to the advertisement, page 5, of this catalogue. The translation has been arranged with great care, and the work is got up in a superior manner. It is undoubtedly the best Domestic now existing in the German language. The publishers of the English edition had so many urgent requests addressed to them by physicians and non- professional friends of Homoeopathy to issue this excellent treatise in German, that they considered it their duty to comply with the earnest demands of the public, and to have this translation per- fected by a gentleman fully competent to do justice to such a task. 13 CATALOGUE OF BOOKS PUBLISHED BY New Manual of Homoeopathic Veterinary Medi- cine, an easy and comprehensive Arrangement of Diseases, adapted to the use of every Owner of Do- mestic Animals, and especially designed for the Farmer living out of the reach of medical advice, and showing him the way of treating his sick Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Swine and Dogs, in the most simple, expeditious, safe and cheap manner. By J. C. Sch^e- fer. Translated from the German, with numerous additions from other Veterinary Manuals, by Charles J. Hempel, M. D., 1856. (330 pages.) Price, bound, $1.25. This excellent Manual supplies a desideratum, the absence of which has long been seriously felt by all those who take an interest in domestic animals. In this work it is shown in a practical and lucid manner how the blessings of Homoeopathy may be extended even to the brute creation. All the maladies to which animals are subject, are carefully described and their treatment is indicated with admirable precision. For the convenience of the reader the diseases of which this volume treats, have been arranged in alpha- betical order. This work contains everything interesting and useful that may be found in such works as Guenther, Haycock, Youatt, etc. The dose which should be prescribed is indicated in every case. We may safely affirm that this is the most comprehensive and at the same time the most concise and most practical Homoeo- pathic Veterinary Manual in existence. Paper, print and binding are all that can be desired. x4 RADEMAOIIER & SEIEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA. The Homoeopathic Treatment of the Diseases of Females, and Infants at the Breast, by Dr. G. H. G. Jahr. Translated from the French by Charles J. Hempel, M. D., (447 octavo pages,) 1856. Bound, $2 00. This work deserves the most careful attention on the part of Homoeopathic practitioners. The diseases to which the female organism is subject, are described with the most minute correctness, and the treatment is likewise indicated with a care that would seem to defy criticism. The work is got up by the publishers in unexceptionable style, and should be procured by every one who takes an interest in the welfare of Homoeopathy. No one can fail to study this work with profit and pleasure. Diseases of the Nervous System, by A. E. Small, A. M., M. D., late Professor of Institutes, and Practice of Medicine in the Homoeopathic Medical College, at Philadelphia, Pa., to which is added, a Treatise on the Diseases of the Skin, by C. E. Toothaker, A.M., M.D., (216 octavo pages,) 1856. Bound, $1 00. This treatise is from the pen of the distinguished author of the well known and highly popular work, entitled " Small's Domestic Practice," it contains an elaborate description of the various diseases of the nervous system, together with a full statement of the reme- dies which have been used with beneficial effect in the treatment of these disorders. We commend it to the careful perusal of physicians and laymen. 14* 0 RADEMACHER & SHEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA. "WORKS OIST HOMCBOPATHY CONSTANTLY ON HAND AND FOE SALE, BY RADEMACHER & SHEEK, 239 Arch Street, Philadelphia. Becker, Dr. A. C, On Constipation. Translated from the German. 1848. Bound, 38 cents. Becker, Dr. A. C, on Consumption. Translated from the Gormau. 1848. Bound, 38 cents. Becker, Dr. A. C, On Dentition. Translated from the German. 1848. Bound, 38 cents. Becker, Dr. A. C, On Diseases of the Eye. Translated from the German. 1848. Bound, 38 cents. $£T The above four works by Dr. A. C. Becker, can be had bound in one volume, at $1.00. Bcenninghausen's Essay on the Homoeopathic Treat- ment of Intermittent Fevers. Translated and edited by C. J. Hempel, M. D. 1845. 38 cents. Bryant, Dr. J., A Pocket Manual or Repertory of Homoeopathic Medicine, alphabetically and nosologically arranged; which may be used as the physician's Vade-Mecum, the traveller's Medical Companion or the Family Physician; containing the principal remedies for the most important diseases, symptoms) sensations, characteristics of diseases, &c.; with the principal pathogenetic effects of the medicines on the most important organs and functions of the body; together with diagnosis, explanation of technical terms, directions for the selection and exhibition of remedies, rules of diet, &c, &c. Compiled from the best Homoeo- pathic authorities. Second edition. 1854. Bound, $1 25. Chepmell, Dr. E. C, Domestic Homoeopathy restricted to its legitimate sphere of practice, together with rules for diet and regimen. First American edition, with additions and im- provements by Samuel B. Bablow, M. D. 1849. Bound, 50 cents. 15 WORKS ON HOMOEOPATHY, FOR SALE BY Croserio, Dr. C, Homoeopathic Manual of Obstetrics: or a Treatise on the aid the art of Midwifery may derive from Homoeopathy. From the French by M. Cote, M. D. 18:")3. Bound, 75 cents. Curie's Practice of Homoeopathy. London. 1838. Bound, $2.00. Dudgeon, Dr. R. E., Lectures on the Theory and Practice of Homoeopathy. Delivered at the Hahnemann Hos- pital School of Homoeopathy. (565 pages.) 1854. Bound, $2. 50. Dysentery and its Homoeopathic Treatment. Containing also a Repertory and numerous Cases, by Fred. Humphries, M. D., Professor of Homoeopathic Institutes, Patho- logy and the Practice of Medicine in the Homoeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania. 1853. Bound, 50 cents. Epitome of Homoeopathic Practice. Compiled chiefly from Jahr, Rueckert, Beauvais, Bcenninghausen, &c. By J. T. Curtis, M. D., and J. Lillie, M. D. Second enlarged edition. 1850. Bound, 75 cents. Epps, Dr. J., Domestic Homoeopathy; or Rules for the Domestic Treatment of the Maladies of Infants, Children and Adults, and for the conduct and the treatment during Preg- nancy, Confinement, and Suckling. Fifth American from the Fourth London edition. Edited and enlarged by John A. Tas- bell, M. D. 1853. Bound, 75 cents. Flora Homceopathica; or Illustrations and Descrip- tions of the Medical Plants used as Homoeopathic Remedies. By Edward Hamilton. M. I)., F. L. S. The work is illustrated by Henry Sowerby, from Drawings made expressly for the Author. The Flora Homceopathica contains a colored illustration and com- plete history of every plant generally employed in Homoeopathic Pharmacy, arranged in alphabetical order. The drawings are chiefly made from natural specimens, and to ensure correctness, the Author has secured the services of Mr. Henry Sowerby, the Assistant Curator of the Linnean Society. With a Preface, Ulossary of Botanical terms and Index. London, 1853. Price for the whole work, containing sixty-six handsomely colored plates, elegantly bound, $18.00. Forbes, Dr. J., Homoeopathy, Alloeopathy, and Young Physic. 1846. Paper cover, 19 cents. Guernsey, Dr. Egbert, The Gentleman's Hand-Book of Homoeopathy: especially for Travellers and for Domestic Practice. (255 pages.) 1855. Bound, 75 cents. 16 RADEMACHER & SHEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA. Guernsey's Homoeopathic Domestic Practice. Containing also Chapters on Anatomy, Physiology, Hygiene, and an Abridged Materia Medica. 1853. Bound, $1. 50. Hahnemann, Dr. Samuel, Materia Medica Pura. Translated by C. J. Hemfel, M. D. 4 vols. 1846. Bound, $6. Hahnemann, Dr. Samuel, The Chronic Diseases, their Specific Nature and Homoeopathic Treatment. Translated by C. J. Hemfel, M. D., with a Preface by C. Hering, M. D., Philadelphia. 5 vols. 1849. Bound, $7. Hahnemann, Dr. Samuel, Organon of Homoeopathic Medicine, third American edition, with improvements and addi- tions from the last German edition, and Dr. C Hering's introduc- tory remarks. 1848. Bound, $1. Hahnemann, Dr. Samuel, The Lesser Writings of, collected and translated by R. E. Dudgeon, M. D. With a Pre- face and Notes by E. E. Marcy, M. D. With a beautiful steel engraving of Hahnemann, from the statue by Steinhauser. Bound, $3.00. (g^ This valuable work contains a large number of Essays of great interest to laymen as well as medical men, upon diet, the prevention of diseases, ventilation of dwellings, etc., As many of these papers were written before the discovery of the Homoeopathic theory of cure, the reader will be enabled to peruse in this volume the ideas of a gigantic intellect when directed to subjects of general and practical interest. Hg§° The above four works of Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, are and will forever be the greatest treasures of Homoeopathy; they are the most necessary works for Homoeopathic Practitioners, and should grace the library of every Homoeopathic Physician. Hartmann, Dr. F., Acute and Chronic Diseases, and their Homoeopathic Treatment. Third German edition, revised and considerably enlarged by the author. Translated, with addi- tions, and adapted to the use of the American Profession, by C. J. Hempel, M. D. 4 vols. $5.75. Hartmann, Dr. F., Diseases of Children, and their Homoeopathic Treatment. Translated, with notes, and prepared for the use of the American and English Profession, by Charles J. Hempel, M. D. 1853. Bound, $2. Hempel, Dr. Charles Julius, A Treatise on the Use of Arnica, in cases-of Contusions, Wounds, Sprains, Lacerations of the Solids, Concussions, Paralysis, Rheumatism, Soreness of the Nipples, &c, &c, with a number of cases illustrative of the use of that drug. 1845. 19 cents. 30 17 WORKS ON HOMCEOPATHY, FOR SALE BY Hempel, Dr. Charles Julius, Complete Repertory of the Homoeopathic Materia Medica. Being the Third volume of Jahr's New Manual, or Symptomen-Codex, and the most impor- tant and complete work ever published, and indispensable for every Homoeopathic Practitioner. (1224 pages.) 185'L Bound, $6. Hempel's Bcenninghausen's Therapeutic Pocket Book, for Homoeopathic Physicians ; to be used at the bedside of the patient, and in studying the Materia Medica Pura. 1 octavo vol., most complete edition, including the Concordance of Homoeopathic Remedies. Translated and adapted to the use of the American profession, by C. J. Hempel, M. D. 1847. Stitched, $1.50. Bound, $-2.00. Hempel's Homoeopathic Domestic Physician. 1850. Bound, 50 cents. Henderson, Dr. Wm., Homoeopathic Practice. 1846. 50 cents. Henderson, Dr. Wm., Letter to J. Forbes. 1816. 19 cents. Helmuth, Dr. William T., Surgery and its adapta- tion to Homoeopathic Practice. Illustrated with numerous engravings on wood. (651 pages.) 1855. Bound, $3.50. Hill, Dr. B. L., and Hunt, Dr. Jas. G. The Homoeopathic Practice of Surgery, together with Operative Surgery, illustrated by 240 engravings. (First Part, Homoeo- pathic Practice of Surgery, 431 pages. Second Part, Operative Surgery, 223 pages.) 1855. Bound, $3.00. Holcombe, Dr. Wm. H., Yellow Fever, and its Homoeopathic Treatment. (Pamphlet of 72 pages.) 1856. Price, 37£ cents. Homoeopathic Cookery. Second edition with addi- tions, by the Lady of an American Homoeopathic Physician. Designed chiefly for the use of such persons as are under Homoeo- pathic treatment. Bound, 50 cents. Hooker, Dr. Worthington, Homoeopathy; An Exami- nation of its Doctrines and Evidences. Second edition, 1852. Bound, $1.50. Humphreys, Prof. Dr. F., The Cholera and its Homoeopathic Treatment. 1849. Bound, 38 cents. 18 RADEMACHER & SHEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA. Jahr, Dr. G. H. G., Clinical Guide, or Pocket Re- pertory for the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Diseases. Translated from the German, by C. J. Hempel, M. D. 1850. Bound, $1.50. Jahr, Dr. G. H. G., Diseases of the Skin: or Alphabetical Repertory of the Skin-symptoms and external alterations of substance, together with the morbid phenomena observed in the glandular, osseous, mucous, and circulatory systems, arranged with pathological remarks on the diseases of the skin. Edited by C. J. Hempel, M. D. 1850. Bound, $1.00. Jahr, Dr. G. H. G., and Gruner's New Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia and Posology, or the Mode of Preparing Homoeo- pathic Medicine, and the Administration of Doses; compiled and translated from the German works of Buchner, Gruner, and the French work of Jahr, by C. J. Hempel, M. D. 1850. Bound, $2. Jahr, Dr. G. H. G., and Possart's New Manual of the Homoeopathic Materia Medica, arranged with reference to well authenticated observations at the sick bed, and accompanied by an Alphabetical Repertory, to facilitate and secure the selection of a suitable remedy in any given case. Fourth edition, revised and enlarged by the Author, and translated and edited by Charles J. Hempel, M D. 1863. Bound, $3.00. Jahr, Dr. G. H. G., New Manual: originally published under the name of Symptomen-Codex (Digest of Symptoms). This work is intended to facilitate a comparison of the parallel symptoms of the various Homoeopathic agents, thereby enabling the practitioner to discover the characteristic symptoms of each drug, and to determine with ease and correctness what remedy is most Homoeopathic to the existing group of symptoms. Trans- lated, with important and extensive editions from various sources, by Charles Julius Hempel, M. D., assisted by James M. Quinn, M. D., with revisions and clinical notes by John F. Gray, M. D.; contributions by Drs. A. Gerald Hull, George W. Cook, and B. F. Joslin, of New York; and Drs. C. Hering, J. Jeanes, C. Neidhard, W. Williamson, and J. Kitchen, of Philadelphia; with a Preface by C. Hering, M. D. 2 vols. 1848. Only a few copies of the Symptomen-Codex being left, the Pub- lisher has raised the price to (bound) $14.00. ^r JAHR'S New Manual, or Symptomen-Codex, is published in three volumes, of which the third was issued as a separate work, under the title of Complete Repertory of the Homoeopathic Materia Medica. By Charles J. Hempel, M. D., 1224 pages. Price $6 00, or all three volumes at $20 00. 19 WORKS ON HOM(EOPATHY, FOR SALE BY Jahr, Dr. G. H. G., New Manual of Homoeopathic Practice; edited, with Annotations, by A. Gerard Hull, M. D. From the last Paris edition. This is the fourth American edition of a very celebrated work, written in French by the eminent Homoeopathic Professor Jahr, and it is considered the best practical compendium of this extraordinary science that has yet been composed. After a very judicious and instructive introduction, the work presents a Table of the Homoeopathic Medicines, with their names in Latin, English and German; the order in which they are to be studied, with their most important distinctions, and clinical illustrations of their symptoms and effects upon the various organs and functions of the human system. The second volume embraces an elaborate Analysis of the indications in disease, of the medicines adapted to cure, and a Glossary of the technics used in the work, arranged so lumi- nously as to form an admirable guide to every medical student. The whole system is here displayed with a modesty of pretension, and a scrupulosity in statement, well calculated to bespeak candid investigation. This laborious work is indispensable to the students and practitioners of Homoeopathy, and highly interesting to medical scientific men of all classes. 2 volumes. 1850. Bound, $6. Joslin, Dr. B. F., Homoeopathic Treatment of Epi- demic Cholera. Third Edition, with additions, 1854. Bound, $1. Joslin, Dr. B. F., Principles of Homoeopathia. In a series of lectures. 1850. Bound 75 cents. Laurie's Homoeopathic Domestic, by A. Gerard Hull, M. D. Small edition. 1848. Bound 75 cents. Laurie's Homoeopathic Domestic Medicine. Arranged as a practical work for students. Containing a Glossary of medical terms. Sixth American edition, enlarged and improved, by A. Gerard Hull, M. D. 1853. Bound, $2. Laurie, Dr. J., Elements of Homoeopathic Practice of Physic. An Appendix to Laurie's Domestic, containing also all the Diseases of the Urinary and Genital Organs. 1849. Bound, $1.25. Madden's Uterine Diseases, with an Appendix con- taining abstracts of 180 cases of Uterine Diseases, and their Treatment, together with Analytical Tables of Results, Ages, Symptoms, Dose, etc., to which is added a Clinical Record of interesting cases treated in the Manchester Homoeopathic Hos- pital. 1852. Paper cover, 50 cents, 20 RADEMACHER & SHEEK, NO. 239 ARCH ST., PHILA. Malan's Family Guide to the Administration of Homoeopathic Remedies. Bound 25 cents. Marcy, Dr. E. E., Homoeopathy and Alloeopathy; Reply to an Examination of the Doctrines and Evidences of Homoeopathy, by Worthington Hooker, M. D. 1853. Bound, 50 cents. Marcy, Dr, E, E., The Homoeopathic Theory and Prac- tice of Medicine. 1850. Bound, $2. Mariner's Physician and Surgeon; or a Guide to the Homoeopathic Treatment of those diseases to which Seamen are liable. By Geo. W. Cook, M. D. 1850. Bound, 37£ cents. Mure, Dr. B., Materia Medica, or Provings of the Principal Animal and Vegetable Poisons of the Brazilian Empire, and their application in the Treatment of Disease. Translated from the French, by Charles J. Hempel, M. D. Illustrated. (220 pages.) 1854. Bound, $1. Peters, Dr. John C, A Treatise on the Diseases of Females. Disorders of Menstruation. 1853. Bound, 75 cents. Peters, Dr. John C, A Treatise on the Diseases of Married Females. Disorders of Pregnancy, Parturition and Lactation. (191 pages.) 1854. Bound, 75 cents. Peters, Dr. John C, A Treatise on Internal Diseases of the Eyes, including Diseases of the Iris, Crystalline Lens, Choroid Retina, and Optic Nerve. (128 pages.) 1856. Bound, 75 cents. Pulte's Homoeopathic Domestic Physician, containing the Treatment of Diseases ; with popular explanations of Anat- omy, Physiology, Hygiene and Hydropathy; also an abridged Materia Medica. Illustrated with anatomical plates. Fourth edition. 1853. Bound, $1.50. Pulte's "Woman's Medical Guide; containing Essays on the Physical, Moral and Educational development of Females, and the Homoeopathic Treatment of their Diseases in all periods of Life, together with Directions for the Remedial use of Water and Gymnastics. 1853. Bound, $1. Rapou, Dr. Aug., Treatise on Typhoid Fever, and its Homoeopathic Treatment. Translated from the French, by Arthur Alleyn Granville. 1853. Bound, 50 cents. Rau, Dr. G. L., Organon of the Specific Healing Art of Homoeopathy by C. J. Hempel, M. D. Bound, $1.25. 30* 21 WORKS ON HOMCEOPATHY, FOR SALE BY Rueckert, Dr. Th. J., Apoplexy and Palsy. Succes- ful Homoeopathic cures, collected from the best Homoeopathic periodicals. Translated and edited by J. C. Peters, M. D. With full descriptions of the dose to each single case. 1853. Bound, 75 cents. Rueckert, Dr. Th. J., Diseases of the Eye and Ear. Successful Homoeopathic cures, collected from the best Homoeo- pathic periodicals. Translated and edited by J. C. Peters, M. D. With full description of the dose to each single case. 1854. Bound, 75 cents. Rueckert, Dr. Th. J., Diseases of the Stomach. Suc- cessful Homoeopathic cures, collected from the best Homoeopathic periodicals. Translated and edited by J. C. Peters, M. D. With full descriptions of the dose to each single case. 1854. Bound 75 cents. Rueckert, Dr. Th. J., Inflammation and Dropsy of the Brain. Successful Homoeopathic cures, collected from the best Homoeopathic periodicals. Translated and edited by J. C. - Peters, M. D, With full descriptions of the dose to each single case. 1854. Bound, 73 cents. Ruecker, Dr. Th. J., Nervous Diseases and Mental Derangements. Successful Homoeopathic cures, collected from the best Homoeopathic periodicals. Translated and edited by J. C. Peters, M. D. With full descriptions of the dofe to each single case. 1854. Bound, 75 cents. Rueckert, Dr. Th. J., Treatise on Headaches ; includ- ing acute, chronic, nervous, gastric, dyspeptic or sick headaches; also congestive, rheumatic and periodical headaches. Based on clinical experience in Homoeopathy. With Introduction, Appen- dix, Synopsis, Notes, Directions for doses, and 50 additional cases, by John C. Peters, M. D. 1853. Bound, 75 cents. Rueckert, Dr. Ernest Ferdinand, Therapeutics; or Successful Homoeopathic cures, collected from the best Homoeo- pathic periodicals. Translated and edited by C. J. Hempel, M. D. 1 large 8vo. vol. 1846. Bound, $3.50. Ruoff's Eepertory of Homoeopathic Medicine, noso- lo