,  _     ..... _ ...___ ,jlbj—ittittw—nrrnri-------        ".........■*MM**MMIMIM—,il'





7^   YW^kAy^   t^JUv^^ 
8571 
THE
fgawMp  iitii  Wa%
I 1ST   18 5 8,
AND  THE  ADDRESS
J.  C.  HUTCHISON,  M.  H.,
ONE OF THE ATTENDING SURGEONS,
Delivered at the Inauguration of the Pathological  Hall,
ON THE -25TII OF  NOVEMBER, 1*<5*.
   " For want of timely care,
Millions have died of medicable wounds."
'Sf   f
           BROOKLYN:
I. VAN ANDEN'S STEAM PRESSES, 3D AND 32 FULTON STREET.
1859. 
 
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
BROOKLYN    CITY    HOSPITAL,
F O I*.   18 5 9.
      TRUSTEES,

THE MAYOR, Ex-Offk 10.
Arthur W. Benson,
Charles E. Bill,
Hamlin Blake,
CoNKLIN BRUSH,
IlOKAfJE B. Ol.AFLIN,
George Cog-geshall,
Peter  0. Cornell,
Isaao H.  Frothingham,
Richard Field,
John Greenwood,
John Halsey,
George Hall,
Joshua L. Pope,
Thomas Messenger,   / /*  y^C/-
ItWiffY ^. l^mnt^e^f^h //¥lL
Abiel Abbot Low,
JIenry E. Pierkepont,
William M. Richards,
Cyrus P. Smith,
Robert Sherwell.
    JOHN HASLETT, President.
    ROBERT NICHOLS, Vice-President,
    JOHN BLUNT, Treasurer.
    HENRY P. MORGAN, Secretary.


OFFICERS APPOIINTED BY  THE TRUSTEES,
     physicians,
James Crane,
T>. S. Landon,
II. S. Smith,
A. Nelson Bell,
George Coohran,
     SURGEONS,
James M. Minor,
De Witt C. Enos,
Daniel E. Kissam,
J. C. Hutchison,
C. E. Isaacs.
RESIDENT PHYSICIANS,
JAMES J. ALLINGHAM,  P. ROBINSON MOORE.
                  RESIDENT SURGEONS,

ALEXANDER TINSLEY, WILLIAM GREEN, GEO. K. SMITH.
    SUPERINTENDENT,

JOHN T. E. NICHOLS.
THOMAS DEAN, Apothecary. 
 
PREFATORY REMAKES.
   The prominent feature in the affairs of this Institution
 for 1858, being the erection of a building for Pathological
 uses, and its  consequent dedication  to Professional and
 Scientific purposes,  under the distinctive appellation of
 "Pathological Hall."   The Trustees have thought proper
 to note the important event, by requesting the appropri-
 ate address of Dr. Hutchison, the orator of the occasion,
 for  publication, with   the statistical  Peports.   The Dr.
 having kindly consented, the address, with the prelimin-
 ary proceedings is herewith presented.
                   THE BUILDING
 Is 50 by 45 feet; the basement,  or ground floor is ap-
 propriated more especially to Pathological examinations,
 with separate rooms for the different  stages of such ex-
 aminations,  and  a room  for  Coroners'  inquests and
 funerals.
  On the second floor  is a large  Lecture Koom, in the
shape  of an amphitheatre, which will accommodate an
audience of about 350 persons.  The funnel shape of this
amphitheatre, the base  of which is on this  floor, allows
room on the same for one large room of 48 by 20, which
may at any time be  occupied as a ward, and a smaller
one with washing apparatus, commodious closets, &c, as
a preparatory for the Lecture Room. 
()
   The third floor forms a gallery  to the Lecture Room,
which is intended for a Museum and Library.  The whole
well lighted through a dome and by windows at the sides,
and at niglit by judiciously arranged gas  fixtures.  The
whole forming the most complete building of the kind to
be found attached to  any Hospital in the  United States,
as we were assured by our Professional visitors from our
sister city,  on the inaugural occasion; and it has been
exceedingly gratifying to the Trustees,  that  it has upon
a recent occasion been happily made  practically useful
to the  City in the conveniencies it afforded for satisfactory
examination of an exhumed subject, where poisoning had
been suspected, and  which, under the accurate investiga-
tion of the Resident  Physician, was proved groundless.
  The completion of the building  brought forth the fol-
lowing note:

To the Trustees of the Brooklyn City Hospital:—
    Gentlemen : The Physicians and  Surgeons  of the  Brooklyn
City Hospital, wishing  to  call the attention  of the Medical Pro-
fession to the new building  for Pathological purposes, Avhich your
liberality has erected, respectfully request:
  That the Medical Profession of Brooklyn and Williamsburgh be in-
vited to join with us in some appropriate inaugural ceremonies;
  That the respective staffs of the Flatbush, the Long Island College
and the New York Hospitals, be especially invited to be present;
  That an address be given by one of our stalf.
  Knowing the vital importance  of centering the interest of  our
professional brethren in our Institution; we are of the opinion that
the new building should  be offered to the  Medical Profession of our
city, free of cost, for  their Society meetings.
                          JAMES CRANE,  M.  D.,
                          DANIEL  E. KISSAM, M.  D.,
                       .   D. S. LANDON, M. D.,
                          II. S. SMITH, M. D.,
                          J. C. HUTCHISON, M. D.,
                          A. N. BELL, M. D.,
                          C.  E. ISAACS, M. D.,
                          GEORGE COCHRAN, M.  D.
Brooklyn, October 7th, 1858. 
To which the Trustees responded  by authorizing their
President to  make  such arrangements  as would lead to
the most satisfactory accomplishment of the wishes there-
in expressed, which was consummated on the night of the
25th November, 1858; and in the presence of the Trustees
and a most respectable and  learned  audience of profes-
sional and other gentlemen, the use  of  the building was
formally proffered, and the Dedicatory Address delivered,
which is hereafter appended.
   With regard to the general affairs of the Hospital, they
are in a flatteringly flourishing  condition,  and we have
every indication that it is increasing in utility and conse-
quent importance.   The  following extract  from  the Re-
port of 1855, it has been thought advisable to reprint, as
it is suggestive of a way and means of doing much good,
and thus extending the utility of the Institution.
   " We would suggest a plan by which the  benevolent
might do much good either  by living or " postmortem"
beneficence,  viz:  The endowment of beds, from one to
any number.  The  plan of free beds, from the liberality
of individuals, has, we believe, been  for years in success-
ful operation in the  Massachusetts  General Hospital.
The plan of the system we have in view, in reference to
ourselves, and its operation may be explained as follows:
By a donation or legacy of $2,000 as a fund, the annual
interest at 7 per cent,  would be sufficient  to compound
for the  support of one  bed for a  year.  Allowing  the
average period  of about four weeks for each ordinary
case of sickness, that bed, technically so  called) would
afford the comforts of the Hospital to nearly  lo  persons
in the course of one year and so on year after year ; And
for, an amount of four, six, or eight thousand dollars, in
proportion.   It must of course be  understood  that  in
stating the time and number to each bed, cases of fracture
and  many  tedious  surgical cases  and  curable chronic
diseases, are not considered ; however the greater time,
though it lessens the number, by no means detracts from 
8
the usefulness of the bed.  The name of the donor might
be  always attached,  and the  privileges  of admission
specifically transmitted by wrill, or formally vested in the
Board of Trustees as " free beds;" thus transmitting to
posterity a memento as enduring and more  speakingly
useful  than  all  the  crumbling devices for adorning
cemeteries, and one which does not necessarily supersede
the tablet, but might rather verify its  eulogium.  Such
an additional trust, the Board would  gladly accept and
see faithfully executed, and  for the  operation of some-
thing of the kind, our new wing gives ample scope." 
REPORT
                         OF THB

Superintentant of  % Jrooklp  (Kin hospital,

          For the Year ending December 31, 1858.
    Eight hundred and eighty-seven persons have received
  the benefits of this Institution during the year.

     Of whom have been cured...................... ... 523
         "   Relieved................................  70
         "   Discharged by request...................  6G
         "   Eloped or disorderly.....................  07
             Died...................................  57
     .Remaining 31st December, 1858.................... 104

     The number remaining from 1857................... 116
     The nett admissions of 1858........................ 771

    The whole number treated during the year,  including
.  those from 1857, may be classified as follows:
     Seamen.......................................... 580
     Who paid in whole or part......................... 112
     Charity patients.................................. 195

    Of those who paid for themselves, 24 became charity
  patients, and remained such, on  an average of sixty-two
  days each patient.
     Seamen........................................  13
     Pay charity......................................  26
     Coroner's Inquest.................................•  18
                                                 ---- 57
    Of the above 57 deaths, 18 were Coroner's cases.
     Deducting Coroner's oases, leaves the actual  number
      from Disease, »fcc................................  39
                            2 
10
The whole number of daily rations issued to
  patients amounted to.................  39,344
The whole number issued to those employed
  in the House.........................   9,125
Sex
48,409

.   789
Males.......................................
Females........................................   89
                       Age:
The number under 15............................   2G
      "    from 15 to 21.......................  135
      "      "   21 " 50.......................  084
      "    over 50     .......................   42
          NATIVITY.
United States............. 309
Ireland.................. 313
England & Scotland....... 120
Germany.................  58
France and Spain.........  25
Denmark a*nd Portugal...  25
Sweden..................  23
Prussia..................   4
East and West Indies.....   9
At Sea...................   1
S87
        OCCUPATIONS.
Seamen..................  010
Laborers.................  15< >
Domestics................   00
Clerks...................   11
Carpenters...............   11
Merchants.............,.    7
Blacksmiths.............    2
Masons..................    0
Grocers.........'.........    0
Painters...................    9
Hatteis..................    3
Butchers................    2
Coachmen...............    3
Tailors..................    2
Unknown..............  ,    5
887
  The inmates of the  Hospital other than patients, in-
cluding  Superintendent and  Family, House  Surgeons,
Physician, Apothecary, Housekeeper, Nurses, Firemen
and  Messenger,  have  throughout  the  year  numbered
about twenty-five.
             All which is respectfully submitted,
                         By your most obedient Servant,
                                   JOHN T. E.  NICHOLS.
To the Board of Trustees of      i
     Thb Brooklyn Citv Hospital. J 
(JENERAL  HOUSE  EXPENSES,
For the Year 1858.
19,011 lbs. Beef......$1,801  13
17,810  "  Mutton. ..   1,465  87
   408  "  Pork.....      50  55
   258  "  Veal.....      31  18
15,751 l'ves Bread....   I,S11  34
15,1 (.1 (|ts. Milk....    704  47
 2,409 lbs. Rice.....      88  04
 1,009  "  Coffee. ..    119  27
 5,037  "  Sugar. . ..    437  09
 1,234  "  IPrdSoap
           & Standi      80  80
 1,032  u  Butter...    4n7  53
Gas..............    419  54
Tea...............    221  80
Mobiles............      27  44
Vinegar............      10  00
Board of Seamen....      84  32
Furniture..........    104  39
Brandy............    120  75
Wine.............    409  88
Porter.............    140  73
Hard and Tin Ware..      75  42
Fruit..............      29  40
Eggs................      87  00
Pine Wood........      38  25
Poultry.............    124  71
Wages.............   2,970  47
Burial of Seamen...      50  00
Lard..............      27  53
Meal and Flour.....      32  70
Potatoes...........    311  25
Soft Soap..........    150  40
$12,577 51
Ain'tbro'tforward.. $12,577 50
Wooden Ware .....      45 25
Fish...............      72 16
Coal..............    802 12
Newspapers........      8 27
Repairs............    212 78
Salt..............      7 25
Instruments, ite.....     87 20
Medicine...........    909 14
Cartage............     22 03
Straw.............      30 SO
Stationery it  Print'g.     58 50
Tickets for Seamen. .      6 30
Earthen  Ware......     61 05
Printing...........       9 48
Sheeting and Band-
  ages.............    161 35
Vegetables.........     67 74
Medical Works......     21 00
be................     193 50
Trees, Labor  it Man-
  ure..............     20 56
Candles and Matches.     15 64
Sending  Notices....      9 56
Sundries...........     24 48
$15,483'79
  Notk.—The General Expenses of the Corporation, which also include the above, are
kept by the Treasurer, and include insurance, repairs, painting, grading, and expenses
appertaining to grounds. 
 
        ABSTRACT
     OP THE CASES TREATED IN THE

SURGICAL DEPARTMENT
           OF thk
  BROOKLYN CITY HOSPITAL,
     FROM JANUARY 1st, TO DECEMBER 31st, 1858.
DISEASE OR INJURY.	3 o 8 4	Y	.0. > 3 1 1	|5 w	■a 5 1	c 3 2 1	0 H
							13
							8
							1
	3 5 1	i					4
				3	2	1	11
							1
					1		1
	2		1 1				3
				... .i....			1
		i					1
						1 1 1	1
				i ....			•?,
							1
	5	"2 1 1	1				0
							?
Congenital Extrophy of Bladder, with							1
	7 1 4 4		....	3			11
							1
							4
							4
		1					1
	1 1						1
		1					?:
					1	1	1
	2						3
		1	1				1
	2 6 8		1				1
							?,
					1 1	2 2 1	9
							11
			1 1				fl
	1 1				1		0
							0
							
 
14
DISEASE OR INJURY.	ri U	•6	**> 1 -0 . 0 c"	•a la O >-•O § a	•6 5	a '5 §	0
	1 1						1
" etUlna..................							1
				2 i			2
" Patella..................	1 2 1 l 5 2						2
							2
							1
" " " Ribs...........							1
							5
" Ribs....................					1	....	3
			1				1
					2		2
Malleoli................	1 1						1
" OsCalcis................							1
			1				1
	1 1 4 2 1 4						1
" Internal Condyle Humerus with Luxation of Forearm.							1
Compound Fract. Tibia et Fibula...					1		5
							0
							I
Comp'd Comminuted Fract. Cranium.							4
					1	3	1
'' Com. Fract. Tibia et Fibula.							3
" " Consp. Fracture Tibia et Fibula...........					1		1
Impacted Fracture Cervix Femoris .	2 25 5 1 1 2 1 1 10 3 1						2
		1	9	2	i	4	41
							6
							1
		1	1 1				3
							3 1
							
		"2 1	1 2				2
				2		2	18 4 I ]
							
							
" Femur on Dorsum Ilii..						1	
		1					1 2 4 1 1 1 4 16 2 2 12 4 4
Radius forwards on Hu-merus...............	1		|			1 1	
		2 1	!		1		
			i				
						1	
" Phalanges..............	1 2 9 1 1 7 4 1 3!		j				
		1				1 1 1	
			4 j 2				
							
Paralysis of Arm..................		:::	1 ;.				
			1	1	...	3	
							
		l	' l	1		1	
							3'
						1	1
 
15
DISEASE OR INJURY.
Ptyalism............
Schirrus Mamma.....
Sprain...............
Spermatorrhoea.......
Stricture Urethra.....
Synovitis............
Syphilis, primary.....
   "    secondary...
Ulcers...............
Ulceration of Cornea.
Varicocele...........
Wounds, Incised.....
    "   Lacerated...
    "   Penetrating.
    "   Punctured...
    "   of Scalp.....
Total................ 299  29   38   31   21 I 56  474
                             ALEX. TINSLEY, M. D.,
                             WM. GREEN, M. D.,
                                          Resident Surgeons.

         Aproveil,
DANL. E.  KISSAM, M. D.,
             Visiting Suhgeon for January, 1859. 
 
       AN ABSTRACT
     OP THE DISEASES TREATED IN THE

MEDICAL  DEPARTMENT
           OF TUE
  BROOKLYN CITY HOSPITAL,
        FOR THE YEAR 1S5S.
DISEASES.	•a 1 2 1	13 >	£1 . •O »»	Ol-c.3 o a	5	c '5 a	0
							1
							2
							1
					1 1 1	*2	1
							1
	1 1 7	1 o	1				6
							3
						1	8
		2					0
					l		1
	1		1	l			3
					1 1		1
							1
	1						1
		1			1 1 l 6	"2	2
							1
							1
	4 2 1	7 1	3	l			23
							0
							l
					1 1		1
							1
	1 4 5 4 1						1
							4
					1		6
		...		l			ft
							1
						1 1	1
	10 4 4 1 3	1	1 1	2	....		15
							b
							4
		1				2 1	4
							4
							
 
DISEASES.	>d 3	•6 >	> a 0)65	•a 'a I- *C C.S o	•d 5	
		2 2	1		1 1 1 1	
	o					
						
						
" Tnnsills		1				
	2					
					1 1	6
	1 44 1 3 15 12 2 2					
						
						
						
						
" Typhoid.....................			1	....	3	2
						
						
					1	....
	3 1					
						
		3				1
	1 1 1 1 2					
						
		3				
						
						
				1		
	4 6 o					1
						
						I
		1	1		2	
	1 5 2 T 2 8					
						•>
						
						
				2		
						1 1
						
	1 1 1 3 3 1 9 2 8	....	1			•>
						1 1
						
						
						
						
					1	
		1				
					3	1 i
						
						
	1 12 S 2 1 15					
		....				
		....	1	6		>>
						
						l o
		3	3	3 1	....	
 
19
DISEASES.	"d U	■d	>> .O . •a la £ 3 o c	■3 .2 sA ° « |p w	-d 5	a '5 1 « I 1 ....	o H 1
							1
					1		1
	3						4
							1
		1 1					1
							1
						1	1
	3 4				2		5
							4
						2	o
		1					
	263	35	12	19	40	43	413
There were 8 births: 3 Males, 5 Females.
Total...........................................  421
                       JAMES J. ALLINGHAM,
                                    Resident Physician.
JAMES CRANE, M. D.,
          Visiting Physician. 
p	00	-1	C5
	00	CO	00
Cn	-q	'-'	CO
CO	en	4-	CO
	to	©	•M
tn	CO	to	to
w												
CO	~J	en	*.	C5	en	rf^			1—<			
00			en	00	"~~	CO	en	CO	*.	^	CO	oo
CO												
©	o	CO	*>•	4-	co	IC						
	—	en	-j	—	en	i.1	en	4>	*.	*«.	en	CO
CO												
*».	C4	~i	CO	en		h-■	1—1					
	^J	1-1	cs	CO	>t~	*.	w	to	to	©	w	I—1
.b.												
en	CI	in	e-i	en	en	~a	tO	to				
rt*-		©	-j	4>	Ci	4^	GO	U<	to	CO	CO	co
1^	_											
©	©											
4-	4-											
No. Treated.
Recovered.
Relieved.
Removed by
  request.
Eloped or Dis-
   charged,
Died.
Remaining Dec.
    31,1858.
22
o
3
3
CO
t=3
o
w
CO

CO 
ADDItEStt.
 Mk. President, Members of the  Medical Profession,
       Trustees and Patrons of  the Brooklyn  City
       Hospital :
  The occasion which has called us together to-day is one
 of no ordinary interest.   The opening  of a building
 designed to facilitate  the advancement of the medical
 art, and especially of that solid foundation of all medical
 knowledge, i>atliological  anatomy, marks an 'era in the
 history of medicine  in this city ;  and I trust the impulse
 thus given  to a science which has for its object the allevi-
 ation of the sufferings of our fellow-men  will increase
 with accelerated momentum.  I congratulate the medical
 profession of this city—nay, the  friends of medical and
 surgical  science everjMvhere—that the Trustees of the
 Brooklyn City  Hospital, while recognizing the value of
 such humane institutions to their afflicted fellow-men, are
 not unmindful of the fact  that they should also be made
 adjuvant to the science of medicine. The erection of this
 elegant and commodious Pathological  Hall, with  its
 rooms for holding post mortem examinations and dissec-
tions, with  its convenient  apartments for a medical  lib-
rary,  for cabinets of pathological  specimens, and this
sumptuous  theatre for demonstrations  and lectures, is a
practical illustration of the fact, that they thoroughly
appreciate the twofold objects of  an hospital.   The phi-
lanthropic spirit which  prompted the erection of yonder
hospital building, capable of accommodating 350 patients,
(although it has never contained more than half that num- 
22
ber at one time.) and occupying a position which for con-
spicuity and salubrity is not excelled, if equaled, by any
similar institution of our land—""the scenery of old Fort
Green, of martial recollections and revolutionary celebrity,
rising upward on its eastern boundary," and our  growing
city, with its beautiful streets arid avenues  spreading
around  it, challenges our warmest commendation.  But
I conscientiously believe that, for all  future time, the
erection of the Hall which Ave this day dedicate to science,
will be regarded par excel! <nce the most enlightened and
praiseworthy benefaction of the Trustees to this Hospital.
With the exception of the one at Bellevue,  for which
the profession are chiefly  indebted to  the  indomitable
energy of the  younger  Wood, no  hospital, I  believe,
in the Union has a building entirely devoted to similar
purposes; and I am sure that our neighbors  across the
river will consider it no reflection on their " Pathological
Building.-' when I say there is none that will compare
with this for convenience, elegance and solidity.
  It is a distinguishing feature of the times in which we
live, that the people are ready to co-operate with us  in
advancing the  knowledge of anatomy,  and  that we are
permitted, nay, often invited, to investigate the effects of
disease on the remains of those we  have been unable  to
save from death, thus conferring the last, best boon upon
their surviving friends, in the ability it may impart to the
physician to prevent similar evils in others. There was a
time, not many  years ago, when a hue and cry was raised
against every one who violated, as  it was conceived, the
sanctuary of death; "when, at the peril of life and liberty,
students of medicine stole a trembling glance at that glo-
rious book which is opened to them in the construction of
the human body."  But those days, I trust, cannot return
again.   The community have become more enlightened ;
and we, as citizens  of this commonwealth, are  deeply in-
debted to the wisdom and  intelligence which  prompted
our State Legislators to sanction by law the dissection of 
23
the dead body.  May we not hope that the cant about
the disturbance of the dead has forever ceased.  In the
eloquent language of the lamented Godman, " It is mock-
ery of common sense, and totally absurd; it impugns the
verity of the religion we believe most holy ; it is an indig-
nity offered to the character of the Supreme !  " What,"
he continues, " avails your profound interments, your six
feet of earth, or iron coffins or leaden shrouds?   The mo-
ment  life departs, every breeze that blows wafts myriads
of insects to the feast; they deposit their eggs, unseen by
the friends who watch at the side of the corpse; com-
mitted with the body to the earth, they are dormant only
till sufficient heat is evolved by putrefaction to call them
into activity ; then they feed to fatness on  the  rankling
corpse;  and, when ready to assume their perfect shape,
work  their way  to the surface, and wing their flight to
repeat a similar process upon the dead.  Tell us, then, of
the repose of the tomb, when the bodies we so carefully de-
posit  in earth are not only dissolved by the chemical
affinities of tlieir own elements, but serve as food to my-
riads  of insects,  and are sooner or later carried abroad
upon  the four winds of heaven."
  It is  not mere curiosity that prompts us to endure
all  the  privations and unpleasantness  of making ana-
tomical   investigations.   We  associate with death that
we  may preserve life  and  give back  health to  the
diseased.   We breathe  the  noisome  air  of dissecting
rooms,  and the  sickening emanations from dead bodies,
and thus  impair our health,  and perchance  endanger
our lives, that we may gain that knowledge  which is
indispensable  to  enable  us to meet the responsibilities
of a  medical  practitioner.  It  has been truly  said  that
a physician or surgeon,  without a knowledge of anat-
omy,  is a gross absurdity.   The  community at large
well know this, and demand that knowledge of us.  The
Trustees of this Hospital  require it of their Medical Offi-
cers ;  and reason, consistency and the welfare of suffering 
24
 humanity, demand that the public should give all  the
 freedom to anatomical pursuits which  propriety permits.
 The rulers of our State have but  acted  consistently in
 declaring that " It shall be lawful  in cities, whose popu-
 lation exceeds  thirty thousand  inhabitants, to  deliver
 to  the professors  and  teachers in  Medical Colleges
 and Schools  in this State,  and for said  professors  and
 teachers to receive the remains or  body of any deceased
 person, for the purpose  of medical and surgical study,
 provided that said remains shall not have  been regularly
 interred, and shall not have been desired for interment,
 by any relative or friend of said deceased person, within
 24 hours after death."  Such is the law of  the State regu-
 lating the  dissection  of the dead.   It  is   an  enactment
 demanded  by the spirit of the age, and conceived in wis-
 dom.  And the day,  I trust, will never come when our
 present or future rulers, some of whom I have the honor
 to address,  will so far retrograde in the scale of  intelli-
 gence as to obliterate or curtail  its humane provisions.
 Let it remain to perpetuate the names of its enactors
 when the  monumental  marble  which  enshrouds their
 departed ashes shall have crumbled away  amid the deso-
 lations of time.  Our profession neither expect nor ask for
 any exclusive  privileges.  But they have a right to look
 to the community who are to be benefited by their labors,
 for the means of cultivating and perfecting their art. The
 outrages occasionally committed on the feelings  of the
 community, by the carelessness or negligence of the an-
 atomist, is  both unjustifiable  and unnecessary,  and  he
 who is guilty of it should be publicly rebuked by his pro-
 fessional brethren.
  But enough has been  said on this subject for our pur-
 pose, and I proceed to consider briefly the  value to prac-
tical medicine of that branch of anatomical science which
treats of the changes of structure effected in the body by
disease.  Pathological Anatomy  is  a science of modern
origin.  Its value,  it is true, was appreciated in  some 
25
 degree at an early period in the history of medicine, for
 Pliny informs us that dead  bodies were examined in
 Egypt at the time of the Pharoahs, with a view to detect
 the seats of disease ; but the results of these observations
 are unknown to us.  It does not comport with the brevity
 which the occasion demands, to trace its gradual progress
 down through the middle ages to the present time.  Suf-
 fice  it  to  say, that  with  the  debut of  Bichat upon the
 theatre of active life, towards the close of the last century,
 commenced  a new epoch in the history of pathological
 anatomy.    The   extraordinary impulse  given  to  this
 science by the labors and writings  of that illustrious
 man, have justly entitled  him to the honor of being
 called the  father  of modern pathological anatomy.  For
 to his influence and example are Mre chiefly indebted for
 the  discoveries  and  improvements  which  have  been
 achieved  by the anatomico-pathological investigations
 of his successors in different quarters of the civilized
 world, since  the time in which he wrote, and for the ele-
 vated rank it this day occupies  among  the sciences that
 demand our  attention.
  The glory of German and French medical science  is its
'pathology.   But  while we  accord to  our transatlantic
 brethren pre-eminence in  this department of medicine,
 we refer with pleasure to the fact, that its importance was
 early recognized  in our own country; and the zeal  with
 which it  has been cultivated by American  physicians,
 and the valuable  discoveries to which it has  led them, is
 worthy of commendation.   A brief outline of its history,
 and of some of its achievements for scientific medicine in
 this country, may not  be  uninteresting.  I allude,  with
some  feelings of pride, to the circumstance that  the first
systematic work on  pathological anatomy published in
this country is the production  of a New Yorker, our dis-
tinguished  neighbor, Dr. John W. Francis.   It  is a
quarto,  entitled " Cases of Morbid Anatomy" and was
published,  I believe, in 1S20.  An able  reviewer, in the
                         4 
2G
third volume of the American Medical Piecordcr, declares
that the cases "are detailed with an accuracy and judg-
ment which must rank  this work among the ablest pro-
ductions in the department to which  it relates."  " The
diagnostic indications,"  he continues, "of a scirrhous and
strictured state of the pylorus, have  perhaps never be-
fore been so well defined ; and  by  no  author has the
peculiar appearance of the liver induced by intemper-
ance, as distinct from the effects of ordinary inflamma-
tion, been so minutely or so well delineated  as we find it
here."   "The work," he adds, " is a valuable acquisition
to the profession." Next in chronological order, we have
the " Treatise on Pathological Anedomy" of the late Dr.
Horner of Philadelphia,  published in 1821).  It  is to a
very satisfactory degree a work of original observation ;
and the chapters and plates elucidative of the pathology
of the gastro-intestinal mucous membrane are of lasting
value.   The latest and  most complete American work
on pathological anatomy, (three editions  of which have
been published,) is that of Dr. Gross of Philadelphia, and
notwithstanding its defects, (and what treatise  is free
from them,) it is one of the most complete expositions of
Pathological Anatomy in  our language.  American edi-
tions of the works of Audral, Bichat,  Baillie, Morgagni,
Carswell, Hope, Craigie, liokitansky,  Jones  and Sievek-
ing and others, have also been issued; and the periodical
literature of our country abounds in monographs on spe-
cial subjects of  pathological anatomy, all of which illus-
trate that American physicians properly estimate the value
of morbid  anatomy to  medical diagnosis and  practice.
  If time permitted, it would give me  sincere pleasure to
refer to the various original memoirs on this department
of medicine which are  scattered  through our American
medical journals.  And I trust I shall be pardoned for
occupying  your attention, in  alluding  to  some  of the
labors oi'one who, perhaps, has done more  bv his anato-
mico-pathological investigations,  to extend the bound- 
                          27

 aries  of our  science,  than any  other  individual  on
 this side the Atlantic.  I refer to Dr. Gerhard of Phila-
 delphia, the first historian of tubercular meningitis; the
 author of  the  most valuable observations on  the  path-
 ological anatomy of lobular pneumonia that  have yet
 been published ; the careful observer, to whom the pro-
 fession are indebted for the means of an accurate  diag-
 nosis of typhus and typhoid fever.  The  memoir of Dr.
 Gerhard on the "Cerebral Affections of Children," pub-
 lished in the February number of the American Journal
 of the Medical Sciences for 1S34, contains an  account of
 the  investigations made  by himself and M. Ruiz at the
 Children's Hospital of Paris, into the pathology of hydro-
 cephalus, by which the law was  first clearly established
 that this disease depended on tubercles of the  pia mater.
 In their account of tubercular meningitis, M. M. Killict
 and Barthez state  that M. Papavoine published two cases
 only of the  disease,  and that Dr.  Gerhard's essay was
 the  next account  of it  that was  published.  This latter,
 with the inaugural dissertation of M. Rufz (1835), and
 the thesis of M. Piet (1836), they regard  as having con-
 verted  into general laws  the conclusions drawn by  M.
 Papavoine from his cases, and as having proved (1), that
 meningeal granulations are in  their nature tuberculous;
 (2),  that they  are analogous to  the granulations of the
 serous membranes;  (3),  that they only exist in subjects
 who have  tubercles  in other organs.   " These essays,"'
 they remark,  "are worthy of praise, on account of the
good sense which  pervades them, and for the  rigorously
exact  method  by  which  their  authors  are  uniformly
guided."  The  discovery of this  important pathological
law, although it has led to no valuable  theraupeutic  re-
sults, enables  us  to  explain the exceeding fatality of
hydrocephalus, has removed the vagueness and uncer-
tainty which previously surrounded its pathology, and is
an achievement which reflects the highest  honor  upon
American medicine.   Of the essays of Dr. Gerhard,  illus- 
28
trating the pathology of lobular  pneumonia, (published
in the  American Journal of Medical Sciences, 1XU,) it is
sufficient  to  quote  the opinions  of  M.  M. Ililliet and
Barthez.  In their  literary history of the  affection the
following  passage occurs :  '• Dr.  Gerhard's essay is the
result  of careful observation, is founded entirely on  an
analysis of facts, and  is, beyond all dispute, the  most
remarkable treatise that has been published on the sub-
ject."  To the distinguished Philadelphia pathologist are
we likewise indebted  for the first positive proof of  an
essential distinction between typhus and typhoid fevers,
which  Louis himself had previously considered identical.
By the careful observation  of the symptoms  of the two
diseases during life, and the accurate post mortem exam-
inations which he made in  connection with Dr. Pennock
of the  same  city, during an  epidemic of typhus which
prevailed in the Blockley Hospital in 1S36, and for seve-
ral years  subsequently, he was enabled to establish the
fact, that although  there were certain  striking points of
resemblance, the differences were sufficiently fundamental
to indicate that  they  were  distinct diseases.  Numerous
and careful observations subsequently made in this coun-
try and Europe fully confirm  the result of his observa-
tions.
  The  labors of Dr. Gerhard  have been referred to, not
merely because of the glory they have shed upon Ameri-
can medicine, nor on  account of the  illustrations  they
afford of the value of pathological anatomy to practical
medicine, but I have alluded to them  also because  they
have not met with  that magnanimous recognition from
some of our lending American  authors which justice
demands ; and we have not yet done  so much  for the
advancement of science that we can afford to be shorn of
any of  the laurels we  have really won.  Moreover, by
insisting upon the full recognition of  the claims of a dis-
coverer, we espouse and defend the cause of all scientific
men; for if their labors are not stimulated by the hope 
29
of honor, ambition will languish, and  science itself will
cease to progress. And in this connection, I am reminded
of a recent instance, (I hope you will pardon the digres-
sion, and my friend the allusion,) in which the medical
press of this country failed to  recognize or acknowledge
the scientific value  of the production of an American,
now one of the surgical staff of this hospital.   When Dr.
Isaacs had completed his investigations into the anatomy
and physiology of the  kidney, his paper, embodying the
results obtained, was sent to  the  editor of  the leading
medical  journal  of  this country for publication.   The
article was declined, because they said they could not in-
cur the expense necessary for  the copious illustrations of
a paper which contained no facts that had not been an-
nounced by previous observers.  The subsequent history
of that paper is knowm to most of this audience.  It was
read before the New York Academy of Medicine, who
appreciated its merit, and published it in their Transac-
tions;  and I believe it  has been  said with truth, that no
paper has ever emanated from that learned  body which
has given  it so wide-spread a scientific reputation.  It
was subsequently translated into the  medical journals of
Germany;  it has been republished  entire, with all the
illustrations, in the April and July numbers (1858) of the
Journal of Physiology,  edited by Brown-Sequard of Paris,
and was  pronounced by the ablest  living microscopical
anatomist, Ch. Robin of Paris, " the most valuable con-
tribution to structural anatomy that  has been made for
many years."
  Time will not  permit me to enlarge upon the  light
which  morbid  anatomy  rationally  pursued, has shed
upon practical medicine.  The rapid advance which our
science  has made during the present century, is chiefly
owing to the  industry with  which  morbid anatomy has
been cultivated.   Departments already known, have been
more thoroughly explored; opinions  formerly held have
been modified or corrected, and the boundaries of  science 
30
have been extended.  Prior to the incoming of the pres-
ent ccnturv, medicine was distinguished  by theories  and
conjectures;  but these have given place  to  the study of
facts, and although we may yet be in the twilight, who
can doubt that on the basis of pathological anatomy, the
foundations  of a perfect science  are laying, and the  ele-
ments of its future philosophy are evolving and assuming
form.  Examples of its utility might be brought forward
without number, but none perhaps is  more striking than
the increased precision it has given  to  our  knowledge
of inflammatory  diseases.  Formerly it was deemed suffi-
cient to ascertain  the organ  which was  the seat  of an
inflammatory affection,  but since morbid  anatomy  has
taught us that a  serious lesion may occur  in one of  the
tissues composing  an organ, without affecting others  im-
mediately contigious,  it is considered an object of  pri-
mary importance to ascertain the particular tissue affected.
Whether, in the  lungs for instance, it be the serous, the mu-
cous or the parenchimatous; and  this  can be frequently
done by careful scrutiny, for, the symptoms characteristic
of each, have been clearly pointed out by recent observers.
The distinction  of the different species of inflammation
attacking the eye,  and the accurate apprehension of the
danger of each, by all recent observers,  furnish a beau-
tiful example of  the increased precision which  the atten-
tion to  the variety of texture has given to pathology.
  The grand improvement in medical  practice which  the
study of morbid anatomy has  effected,  is  remarkably
exemplified in the case of  pulmonary  and cardiac  affec-
tion.  Prior to the incoming of the present century, they
were involved in almost cimmerian darkness; but since
the application  of auscultation and percussion, means
which are only useful by enabling us to ascertain  the
physical alterations induced by  the disease, or, in  other
words, the morbid  anatomy  of the affected organ, they
are recognized with a facility and precision only equaled
by the success with which  they  are  treated.  Without 
31
this method of examination  how could we detect or dis-
tinguish  endocarditis or pericarditis ? how distinguish a
severe bronchitis from pneumonia, or the early stages of
phthisis,  or trace their progress and follow their increase
or diminution?   How establish the diagnosis of  the two
kinds of emphysema, the one with, and the other without
pneumothorax,  from  fistulous communication with  the
bronchia? ?  Emphysema of the lungs, a very important
and  frequent disease, was unknown before the time of
Laennec, who first accurately  described  it in the dead
bod}-.
   All are familiar with the  numerous improvements in
the treatment  of the  diseases of the ear, which followed
Itard's investigations concerning the morbid anatomy of
that organ ;  with the  benefits which have  resulted from
an accurate acquaintance with the morbid anatomy of
the kidney, the brain and the gastro-intestinal canal, (it
is unnecessary to multiply examples,) these  and  many
other discoveries, all replete  with  practical advantages,
are the results of the attention given in our day to  the
study of morbid anatomy.
   Pathological  anatomy is not less important to the sur-
geon than to the physician.  Of this, examples suggest
themselves on every side, but I propose only to allude to
its importance in operative  surgery.  Healthy anatomy
merely instructs the surgeon how to operate.  The opera-
tion of tracheotomy, for example, is a simple  dissection.
A child has croup, the resources of the materia medica
have been exhausted without avail, and the  surgeon is
called  as a dernier resort 1o open the trachea.  The opera-
tion consists in dividing the integuments and fascia, sepa-
rating muscles,  turning aside vessels, incising the rings
of the  trachea, and inserting a silver tube.  Lithotomy is
also a simple dissection.  The parts to be cut arc sound ;
the surgeon  has  but to  dissect  on the living body as on
the dead ; to open the bladder with his knife, and extract
the stone.  Such operations  are dissections  of  healthy 
32
 parts, and the surgeon just fresh from the dissecting-room
 is competent to perform them.   Morbid anatomy teaches
 the surgeon how to operate in cases of a more perplexing
 nature, to dissect and disentangle parts  that are altered
 in form  or texture, and  massed  together by disease, to
 reason and decide in the  most  critical circumstances.
 Thus in a case of strangulated hernia,  the surgeon has to
 estimate the degree of  strangulation,  to conjecture  the
 condition of the parts, and to consider all  the possible
 circumstances in which they may be found at the time of
 the  operation.   It is not simply a nuckle of sound intes-
 tine, nor the natural opening of the abdominal ring, that
 the surgeon has to look for, but  he has to dissect  parts
 thickened, adhering, massed  together, the sack quite  un-
 like the peritoneum, whence it  is derived ;  the intestine
 almost gangrened;  the omentum a  putrid  mass;  the
 whole in a state  of confusion,  which only a man skilled
 in anatomy, and perfectly familiar with the various ap-
 pearances of disease can disentangle. It requires a reflect-
 ing and sagacious head, well stored with precedents, and
 thoroughly acquainted with the diseased  as well as  the
 natural condition of parts, to decide whether they can be
 saved  by any  operation, or to distinguish  in the half
 putrid mass, the intestine from  the omentum, the fascia
 from the sac, and to dissect these delicately and skillfully.
  It may  be deemed unnecessary  in the  middle of the
 nineteenth century, thus to have occupied your time in
 urging the importance of  pathological anatomy to the
 physician and  surgeon ;  but I find a sufficient apology in
the consideration that like the truths  of  holy writ,  the
 great facts of science, which have the same divine origin,
cannot be too  often impressed.   Moreover, it is  an  as-
tounding fact that even in this vicinity, where the influ-
ence of the New York Pathological Society has been so
potent in  demonstrating the  value of morbid anatomy,
and in inciting to its zealous and enthusiastic cultivation,
there are those who do not yet acknowledge its vast im- 
33
 portance.   It has been urged that the cultivation of mor-
 bid anatomy leads to exclusive  solidism in medical doc-
 trines.  In reply to this objection, I need but  mention
 the fact that in this, the golden age of morbid anatomy,
 the opinions of the medical world have changed from the
 extremes of humoralism and solidism, and approached
 the "juste milieu" and it is now mutually acknowledged
 that the solids and fluids form  one great whole; every
 modification of one being followed by a modification of
 the other.  The absurdity of this objection is also mani-
 fest from the fact that such men as Andral, Carswell and
 Cruvelhier, distinguished as pathological  anatomists, are
 not less distinguished for their investigations, which show
 that the proximate cause  of disease often consists in an
 alteration of the  blood.  It has likewise been urged that
 morbid anatomy is only instructive after the death of the
 patient.   This is a dangerous doctrine, and is based on a
 misconception of its end and aim.  It is not in the dead-
 house only that we investigate  the  morbid alterations
 which disease produces in the tissues of the body, for how
 often can we detect the physical changes which internal
 organs have undergone in the living patient?  The chem-
 ical and  microscopical examinations of the renal secretion
 will frequently reveal  the  pathological anatomy of the
 genito-urinary organs  with a  clearness  and  accuracy
 amounting to demonstration; and the application of aus-
 culation  and percussion enables us to ascertain the morbid
 anatomy of the  thoracic  organs with the greatest pre-
 cision.  Moreover,  it is not claimed, as  the objection
 would seem to imply, that  the changes in  the dead body
 which disease leaves  behind it  is the only source from
 whence we can draw our knowledge of the  changes  in
 the  living body  constituting disease.   No enlightened
physician believes that typhoid fever is merely an inflam-
mation of Peyer's glands, that the peculiar change of the'
liver from its natural color to that  of a bronze or slate
color,  constitutes remittent  fever;  that  cholera infant-
                          5 
34
urn is nothing more than an inflammation of the intestinal
mucous folicles, or that the whole of disentery is an inflam-
mation of the large intestines.  The alteration in structure
which disease produces is only one of the elements of our
reasoning: on the nature of diseased actions themselves; but
if in addition to the causes of the disease, the nature of its
leading symptoms, their consequences, local and general,
and the effects of theraupeutical agents, in the living body,
we contemplate the morbid changes observed after death,
we shall  be much more likely to treat our patients success-
fully than if we merely studied disease at the bedside.
   But while pathological anatomy as one of the elements
of medical science has  accomplished much for her ad-
vancement,  it must  be  confessed that much yet remains
to be done;  and thanks to the spirit of the age in which we
live, it was never cultivated more diligently or success-
fully than at the present time.   Every day it brings some
valuable  addition  to our stock of knowledge.  In  the
emporiums of science and learning, in the Old World and
in the New, investigations are going on with a zeal and
industry and freedom from  popular prejudice unknown
to  the history of the  past.   And some philanthro-
pists  in  their  desire to  Overcome  the popular feeling
against such investigations have not only directed  post
mortem  examinations of their  bodies to be made, but
have also requested that they  should be  dissected and
demonstrated in the public theatre for the benefit  of stu-
dents.  "Such  was the testamentary request of the cele-
brated Bentham,—a request which was  faithfully execu-
ted by his friend Dr. Southwood Smith, of London, in the
 anatomical theatre of the school to which Dr. Smith was
attached, and of which he  was a valued ornament."—
Dunglison's Medical Student.  Such also was the testa-
mentary  request  of our own lamented  Warren—the
valued professional teacher, the skillful surgeon and the
enlightened student of nature, whose name is as imperish-
able as the  foot-prints on the  sand-stone tablets he so 
35
much delighted to contemplate.  As much  as Dr. War-
ren accomplished while living for the good of his fellow
man by the exercise  of his humane and god-like calling,
his dying request that his  body should be dissected and
his skeleton placed  in  the  anatomical museum of the
college, where he was so  long  a distinguished  teacher,
will exceed all the benefactions  he had before bestowed
upon humanity, by the influence which it  will  exert in
removing the prejudices of those who are opposed to such
investigations.
   It is a gratifying fact that the  teachers of practical
medicine and surgery in the medical schools of our coun-
try, are beginning to realise the importance of conveying
a  practical knowledge  of pathological anatomy  to the
student.  In your student days, Mr. President, and even
in mine, we listened with rapturous delight to the beauti-
ful descriptions of the anatomical character of diseases by
the eloquent and  lamented Chapman.  It is unnecessary
to remark that no available knowledge of pathological
anatomy could be  thus obtained.  Now,  however, the
lectures on " practice" in many of our schools are illustra-
ted, not merely by highly colored  plates, or preparations
so changed by the action of  preservative fluids  as to be
hardly  recognized,  but also   by  specimens whenever
practicable, fresh from the subject, together with an ac-
count of the phenomena observed  during  life,  and the
effects of theraupeutic agents.   This is indicative of pro-
gress in the right direction,  but  it falls far short of fur-
nishing the  student  with  that reliable, and  I may add
indispensable knowledge of morbid anatomy which will
be of value in the practice of the healing art;  and I trust
the day is not remote when the  efforts to teach  practical
medicine and surgery in the lecture rooms of our medical
colleges will be numbered among "the things that were,"
for, it is a gross absurdity to suppose that  they can be
learned, as it were,  by hearsay.  The  chief objection to
this  mode of teaching  is that  the student  has no oppor- 
                         36

tunity of exercising his own judgment in distinguishing
diseases, of observing for himself the effects of remedies
in their cure or in the fatal cases, of tracing the results of
morbid action in the  cadaver ; and consequently, at the
end of his studies, although  he may be well grounded in
Anatomy, Physiology, Materia  Medica  and Chemistry,
(the mere alphabet of the true science,) he may be a per-
fect medical logician, able to descant  upon the beauties
of his profession, and  talk learnedly about its principles,
but when subjected to the only true test of professional
merit, the diagnosis and treatment of disease at the bed-
side, all his learning avails him nothing.  The well regu-
lated  hospital furnishes the only place when the laws of
pathology and therav peutics can be properly studied, or
the modes of detecting, appreciating and applying them,
adequately taught, and it is  to these humane receptacles
of the sick that we are to look chiefly for the future im-
provements  in our art, for it is  here alone that we can
observe the symptoms of disease and the effects of reme-
dies upon a large scale, and study advantageously in the
dead-house their connections with the morbid alterations
of internal organs.
  I have spoken of the facilities offered by this building
for the study of healthy and  morbid  anatomy in  their
connections  with surgery and  practical medicine, and
have  alluded to its convenient  apartments for a medical
library.  It  would, of course, be a work of supereroga-
tion  to descant before the  present audience upon the
necessity  or  benefit which would result  from a  well
selected library for reference,  embracing a collection of
the leading medical periodicals of this and other countries,
or to refer to the fact that no  physician  of this city can
write a paper on any professional subject, requiring even
a moderate degree of research, without resorting to  New
York for authorities.  The fact  that such ample provi-
sion has been made for its accommodation, is a stronger
argument for its necessity than words can express.  Time 
37
does not permit me to present an elaborated plan for the
attainment of a medical  library for Brooklyn.   But  I
may be permitted  to express the  hope that some scheme
will soon  be  devised for the establishment of a library
here, which will do honor  to its founders, and will result
in incalculable benefit to the medical profession of this
city.*
  I have also  referred to the adaptation of this theatre to
lectures  and  demonstrations.  Desirous  of making this
institution useful  to the profession at large, and through
them to the  community,  whose comfort so  materially
depends upon the  skill and good judgment of  the family
physician, the professional  staff have resolved that courses
of lectures shall be delivered annually by its members
upon practical subjects in medicine and surgery.   The
establishment of a medical school, in its ordinary accepta-
tion, is not our purpose ; but  it has been proved, by the
large attendance of the leading  practitioners  of the city
upon a series of professional lectures, delivered during
the past year  in the operating room of the hospital, that
lectures on such practical subjects as  daily demand the
attention  of the practitioner  will  not  prove unaccept-
able.
  It only remains for me, in  the name of the medical offi-
cers, to tender to the Trustees of  the hospital, who have
in a spirit of disinterested benevolence erected this edi-
fice and consecrated it to science,  the grateful  homage of
our hearts.  When you shall have passed from the thea-
tre  of  life, that blessed public  charity,  the " Brooklyn
City Hospital," and the noble structure we now occupy
will remain as monuments of your intelligence and muni-
ficent liberality.
  And when the magnificent Brooklyn Academy of Music,
and the largest edifice f in existence dedicated to the ser-

 * Through the liberality of the Board of Trustees, a medical library has recently been
founded, embracing complete sets of the  leading medical periodicals of this and other
countries.
 t Plymouth (Rev. H. W. Beecher's) Church. 
                          3S

 vice of the ever-living God, shall have merged from their
 embryonic  state,  and attained their  full development;
 when the limpid waters from Baisley's Pond shall ripple
 through our  streets  and sparkle  in our dwellings; *
 when   the  institutions  of  learning  and benevolence
 which now grace our city shall have increased until they
 are " thick  as the leaves in Vallombrosa," this hospital,
 (which owes so much of its usefulness, and the elevated
 rank  it is attaining, to your ceaseless and indefatigable
 devotion to its interests,) with it commodious Pathologi-
 cal Hall, will yet  stand prominent among the  charitable
 and scientific institutions of our city—the pride of your
 fellow-citizens, and  the admiration of  the benevolent
 throughout the land.   Long may you live to bless  it with
 your counsels, and to shed upon it  the mellow radiance
 of your declining years.
  While we are grateful for  the increased facilities this
 edifice affords for enlarging the boundaries of professional
 knowledge, the Medical Board do not forget that new re-
 sponsibilities are thus imposed  upon  them.  They feel
 that more is expected of them,  and I trust are ready to
 enter  on their labors with increased  zeal  and energy.
 How much greater are the opportunities which we pos-
 sess to-day in this institution, for  the acquisition and dis-
 semination of knowledge, than did our  honored predeces-
 sors, McClelland, Hyde, Mason,  Mitchell,  Cook, Cullen,
 Corson, Hunt and Thorne, names that  are  as  household
 words in this community,  and who, I trust, will long be
 spared to dispense  the blessings of life and health to their
 fellow-men.  Let it not be our reproach, that the liberality
 of the Trustees has been misplaced ; that we are indiffer-
 ent to the advantages we enjoy, or that we  are unwilling
to toil  for the advancement of an art which   is so inti-
mately connected with man's dearest interests.
 * The celebration of the introduction of water into the city took place on 28th April
1669. 
Regulations  for   %  ^bmission  of  patients.
.   Persons accidently wounded, or otherwise injured, are
received at all hours, day or night.  (Entrance  for  acci-
dents at the south end of the building.)
   No person having any contagious or infectious disease
shall be admitted into the Hospital.
   All pay patients shall be admitted by the visiting or
attending  medical officer, under such rules as the Com-
mittee  may establish.
   The  rate of Board  for  Patients, (except  accidents,
which are free from charge,) residents of Brooklyn, is
three  dollars   per  week.  Patients occupying private
wards,  will be charged  from five  to eight dollars per
week.   Four weeks board must be paid in advance, and
when the patient is  discharged in less  time,  all excess
over the  amount required by the actual  time will  be
returned.
   Patients with  "Mania a  potu," occupying private
wards, shall pay  twenty-five dollars, in  advance.

            I_i~VriN"G-IIsr  DEPAHTMENT.
   Lying-in women will be received upon the same terms
as  other   patients.   Any  female  brought  in,  (being
suddenly overtaken with  labor,) will be  properly cared
for, until she can be removed with safety.
  March 20, 1858.
  N"0TE.—There are three private rooms with two beds in  each,
which may be occupied by patients willing to incur the extra expense
at the rate of five dollars per week, if subject to the two occupants,
or ten dollars if occupied singly.