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Library  of  Medicine
Bethesda, Md.
U.S. Department of Health,
  Education, and Welfare
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
73 
/m. 
V
 
          AN  ADDEESS

            ON THE OCCASION OF THE


    CENTENNIAL  CELEBRATION

                 OF THE


/ouniung of tfie  ^tnnsqlnania  ifejtttal,

         Delivered June 10th, 1851,
        PHILADELPHIA:
T. K. AND P. G. COLLINS, PRINTERS.
            1851. 
WX

 iS5)
 CI 
PREFACE.
   The following address was prepared  at  the  request  of the
 Managers of the  Pennsylvania Hospital.   Believing  that the
 institution might be benefitted by calling the attention  of the
 community to its history and  condition,  and deeming  the  com-
 mencement of a new century in its existence a suitable  oppor-
 tunity for the purpose, the Managers  resolved to have a public
 address  delivered, and applied to the  author,  as the senior
 prescribing physician of the  institution, to  perform this dutv.
 In complying  with  the  request,  the  author felt  an interest
 beyond that of  mere official  obligation.  He knew that there
 were many points  in the history of the Hospital, calculated to
 excite attention, at least  in  our  community, which it was  de-
 sirable to  have  recorded in a connected  form for preservation
 and reference.   He  believed  that the exact condition of  the
 establishment was  not generally  known, and that  impressions
 prevailed to some extent in relation to it, which might,  if uncor-
 rected, have the effect of materially limiting its usefulness.   He
 was convinced that  if its  history and present condition were
 placed clearly and impartially before  the public, advantage
 might accrue to the  institution, and, through it to  the general
 interests of charity.   He, therefore, engaged in the work with
 zeal, and took much pains in the collection and arrangement of
 the materials; but, from  the  short space of time allotted,  and
 from  the  pressure of other engagements,  he cannot  but  fear
 that he has failed to do  full justice to the subject.   A  con-
siderable portion of what  has been said in  the  discourse is the 
4
result of his own personal knowledge; but he also derived mate-
rials largely from other sources, the most copious of which were
the Minutes of  the Board of Managers, from the beginning to
the present time, which were kindly placed at his  disposal for
the purpose.   In several of the financial points he was greatly
aided by a manuscript prepared from the official records with
great care by George  Roberts  Smith,  Esq.,  late one  of the
Managers,  and  put by him  into the possession of the  Board.
He consulted  the unprinted official reports, the works  of Dr.
Franklin, and  various other  publications, among which may be
particularized  an early history of the Hospital, prepared at the
request  of  the Board  of  Managers by  Dr.  Franklin, and an
account of  the institution  drawn up by Mr. Wm. G. Malin, the
present  steward, and published  in 1831.   Some valuable facts
and suggestions were also  communicated by different officers of
the Hospital.   Whatever  may be thought  of  the value  of  the
facts contained in the address, or of the manner in which they
have been stated, it is believed that reliance may be placed upon
their accuracy;  and the author cannot but hope that they may
operate favourably upon the general sentiment of the community
in relation to the institution.

  Philadelphia, July 4t7i, 1851. 
VDDEESS.
  We have met to  commemorate the establishment of
the Pennsylvania Hospital, now at the beginning of the
second century  of its existence.   It  is good thus to
recur at stated  periods  to  the past.   Especially is it
good, in  the advancing life of society, to recall those
occasions  when  the fresher sensibilities  of its  youth
impelled it  to generous  exertion and  sacrifice,  under
the excitement of great social wants.   The parent lives
over again his own early life in that of his children,
and feels the dispositions and faculties, which had begun
to stiffen with age, warmed into  renewed and vigorous
activity.   Society,  in like  manner, looking upon the
offspring of  its earlier years, feels a return of its more
unselfish impulses,  and is prompted to an  increase of
benevolent effort.   The  occasion then  upon which we
are met together is not one merely of gratification; it
is an occasion also of beneficence, I might almost say.
of duty.
  It was towards the close of the year 1750, that the
first step  was taken towards the establishment of an
Hospital in Philadelphia.   The credit of  originating
the movement is due to Dr.  Thomas Bond, at that time
one of the  most distinguished physicians of the city. 
6
 It  is not  improbable, however, that a want so obvious
 had occupied the  thoughts of many reflecting  persons,
 and that he who  first brought it  publicly forward was
 but the spokesman of a general sentiment, which  had
 been gradually  maturing  in the community, and  was
 now ripe for action.
   Dr. Bond began by endeavouring  to obtain subscrip-
 tions; and solicited the  aid among others of his friend
 Benjamin Franklin, who, highly approving of the project,
 engaged heartily in furthering his views.   Franklin first
 prepared the public mind by writing in the newspapers,
 and thus  succeeded  in  increasing  the  number  and
 amount of the subscriptions; but it was soon ascertained
 that the enterprise was  beyond individual ability,  and
 that legislative  aid would be  necessary to success.   A
 memorial, therefore, was addressed  to the  Provincial
 Assembly, setting  forth the urgent  necessity then exist-
 ing for  an Hospital, and asking for  a  charter  to  the
 contributors and for pecuniary assistance.*   This was
 presented  on the  23d of January, 1751.   After some
 hesitation, especially on  the part of the country mem-
 bers, a bill was finally passed, on the 7th of February,

  * The following persons signed the memorial:—William Plunistead,
Luke Morris, Stephen Armitt, Samuel  Rhoads, William  Coleman, Ed-
 ward Cathrall, Samuel  Smith, Samuel Shoemaker, Samuel  Hazard,
 Samuel  Sansoni, Amos  Stretteli, John Armitt, John Reynell, Charles
Norris, William Griffitts, William Attwood, Anthony Morris, Thomas
Graeme, William Branson, Israel Pemberton, Joshua Crosby,  William
Allen, Joshua Fisher, Nathaniel Allen, Reese Meredith,  Joseph Rich-
ardson, Joseph Sims, A/Morris, Junr., Jonathan  Evans, Joseph Ship-
pen,- John Inglis, John Mifflin, George Spafford. 
7
without a dissenting voice, incorporating " the Contri-
butors to the Pennsylvania Hospital," and appropriating
two thousand  pounds,  currency,  towards the  erection
and furnishing of  a building, to be paid when an equal
amount should be  subscribed by individuals to a perma-
nent fund.*

  * The private history of this  transaction is somewhat curious.   One
of the objections made by the members opposed to the measure was that
the cost of medical attendance would alone be sufficient to consume all
the money that could  be  raised.  This was promptly met by an offer
on the part of Dr. Lloyd Zachary, and of the two brothers Drs. Thomas
and Phineas Bond, to attend the patients gratuitously for three  years.
But another and probably the real difficulty was, that the members from
the country could not  see clearly how  the  interests of their particular
constituents  would be promoted, and, thinking that the  city was to be
exclusively benefitted, concluded  that the  inhabitants of the city ought
exclusively to bear the expense.  Thus it appears that legislators in those
times were not more far-seeing than in our own; and a little management
was not less necessary  then than now.  Franklin's sagacity found  a
remedy  for the difficulty.  He  told the opposition members that two
thousand pounds could  be  raised by voluntary contribution.   This they
refused  to believe, considering no doubt two thousand pounds a very
great sum of money.  Then  he  proposed that they should make their
grant  conditional upon  the  subscription of that sum by the citizens.
They seized upon the  idea,  and, willing  to  gain the credit of charity
without expense, no longer hesitated to vote for the bill.   But Franklin
had another object in view.  Should the citizens be assured of an abso-
lute legislative grant, they would be apt to be content with this vicarious
charity of their representatives, and might be indisposed to subscribe.
The conditional character of  the  grant was therefore a great stimulus to
their benevolence; and  the consequence was that  a subscription  which
had before dragged along slowly was now quickly filled up.  Dr. Frank-
lin says, in his memoirs, that he remembers none of his political manoeu-
vres which at the  time gave him  more pleasure, or in which, after  think-
in « of it, he more easily excused himself for a little indirectness. 
8
  The Charter provided that it should be lawful for all
who had contributed or might thereafter contribute ten
pounds or  more towards the  Hospital, or any number
of them, to meet on the first Monday of May, yearly,
forever, to elect twelve Managers out of their own num-
ber, and a  Treasurer, and to make rules for the govern-
ment of the Institution, to be obligatory when approved
by  the Chief Justice, the Speaker of the Assembly, and
the Attorney General.  Further provisions of the Char-
ter were, that the Contributors to the Pennsylvania Hos-
pital might hold real estate of the yearly value of one
thousand pounds;  that neither they, nor any  persons
acting under them, should employ the money or other
estate expressly given or added to the capital stock, in
any other way than by applying its  annual interest or
rent towards the entertainment and care of the sick and
distempered poor; and that patients should be received
from any part of the Province without partiality or pre-
ference.
   No sooner was this act published than its influence
was felt in a great increase of the subscription list; and
in  a short time, considerably more than the  amount
required by the charter having been subscribed, a meet-
ing of the contributors was held at the  State  House,
 and  the first Board of Managers chosen.   This  Board
 consisted of Joshua Crosby, Benjamin  Franklin, Tho-
 mas Bond, Samuel Hazard, Richard Peters, Israel Pem-
 berton,  Jun., Samuel Rhodes,  Hugh Roberts,  Joseph
 Morris, John Smith, Evan Morgan, and Charles Norris.
 John Reynell was elected Treasurer.  In the  present
 audience there  are, I presume, few to whom most of 
9
these names are not familiar, as belonging to men  pro-
minent in our general or local history, or as representa-
tive of families among  the most respectable and oldest
in our city, many of whose descendants are still  flou-
rishing in  the midst of us, and some probably are  now
listening to this brief allusion to the praiseworthy efforts
of their  forefathers.  May the satisfaction,  which the
recognition of the good  works of those  whose blood
flows in their veins cannot but yield to all of proper
sensibility, serve as an  inducement to hand down,  with
the inheritance of their own blood, similar opportunities
for self-congratulation; and may those who are less for-
tunate in  the recorded deeds  of their ancestors be sti-
mulated by the  example to furnish such a day as the
present  to their own  descendants  one hundred years
hence!  Beneficence in the head and founder of a family
is like the vapours  exhaled  by  a genial sun from a
mountain  lake, which,  after giving  support  and beauty
to  surrounding nature, return at more or less distant
points, in  refreshing rains, to swell the  streamlets  that
issue from its bosom.
   Very  soon after their election, the Managers trans-
 mitted to  England, to Thomas and  Richard Penn,* the
 Proprietaries of the  Province, an  address,  narrating
 what had  been done, and suggesting that, as the Assem-
 bly had granted a charter and a sum of money for the
 erection of a building, and the People had subscribed
 and were  still subscribing largely towards a permanent
 fund, it might please the Proprietaries to grant a plot
* Sons of William Penn. 
10
  of ground on which to build; so that all  concerned in
  the Province might participate in the honour, merit,
  and pleasure of so good a work.  In a letter to Thomas
  Hyam  and  Sylvan us  Bevan,  the  Managers bespoke
  their favourable intercession with the Proprietaries, and
  pointed  out, as a suitable  place for the  building,  the
  unappropriated portion of the Square on the South side
  of Mulberry between  Ninth and Tenth Streets; being
  a part of the  city in which the value of land had not
  increased for several years, and which was not likely to
  be soon occupied.  In reply to this application, the Pro-
  prietaries sent out an elaborate Charter emanating from
  themselves, and an order  to their Lieutenant Governor.
  James Hamilton, to convey to the corporation, in the
  same instrument, a lot of ground  lying on the North
  side of Sassafras Street,  between Sixth  and  Seventh
  Streets, being a  portion of the grounds  now known  as
  the Franklin Square;  under the condition,  however,
  that, should there  not be a constant succession of con-
  tributors, to meet and choose Managers,  the tract  of
  land thus conveyed should revert to them or their heirs.
    But these grants did not meet the wishes of the Ma-
  nagers.   The Charter was less liberal in its provisions
  than the one they had  received from the Assembly, and
  could not be accepted without  a failure in respect to-
  wards  the Representatives who  had so kindly complied
  with their requests.   The provision in reference to the
'  reversion of the lot was  in itself an  insurmountable  >
  objection; as there might in time be a failure in the
  regular  succession  of contributors, and they could  not
  consent to the diversion, which would take place in 
11
such  an  event,  of all the  future  buildings from  the
original  purpose of the charity.*   The  ground which
it  was  proposed to grant, being low  and damp, in the
neighbourhood of brick-ponds, and  better adapted for a
burying-place, for which in fact a portion of it was used,
than  for any other purpose, was not considered  as offer-
ing a proper site for an Hospital; and, moreover, having
been  allotted with  other  adjoining  grounds  by  the
founder of the city for public  uses, could  not be ac-
cepted by the Managers, under the instrument convey-
ing it,  without  an implied acknowledgment on their
part of the  Proprietaries' right to the  remainder of the
grounds.   The  Managers,  therefore,  unanimously felt
themselves constrained to decline the grant of the  Pro-
prietaries; but were unwilling to surrender the hope of
aid from them, and in another letter urged on them,
through  mutual  friends,  the  plea  of  regard for their
interest in the affections of  the people, and the justice
of their participation  in measures calculated to promote
the public good.
   In the mean time, in order  to carry the benevolent
design of the subscribers into immediate effect, a private
house,f situated on the south  side of Market, west of
Fifth Street, was hired as a  temporary  hospital;  and

  * It is right  to state that the Proprietaries disclaimed any wish to
appropriate to themselves the buildings that might be erected, having
merely had in view a restoration of the grounds, if they should cease to
be applied to the purpose for which they were granted.
  j- This was the mansion of Judge John Kinsey, and with its grounds
occupied nearly one-third of a square.  The  rent  paid by the Managers
yearly was forty pounds. 
12
 the Managers took measures, jointly with the contribu-
 tors, to prepare for regular  operations, by making rules
 in relation to the government of the Institution, the
 management of its pecuniary concerns, the appointment
 and duties of the physicians, and the admission of pa-
 tients.  The physicians  and  surgeons first  appointed
 were  Drs. Lloyd  Zachary,  Thomas and Phineas Bond,
 Thomas Cadwalader, Samuel Preston Moore, and John
 Redman.  The temporary  hospital was opened in  Feb-
 ruary  1752,  when two patients were received; and it
 continued to  be occupied for about four years.
  Despairing at length of the wished for  donation from
 the Proprietaries, the Board determined  to purchase a
 suitable lot,  and, after patient and  diligent  investiga-
 tion, bought, in December 1754, for five hundred pounds,
 the whole of the square on which  the  Hospital  now
 stands, except a depth of sixty feet on  Spruce Street,
 which, eight or ten years later, was granted by the
 Penns, together with an annuity of forty pounds.   This
 lot was at that time far out of town, and was approached
 obliquely through the  fields, the main streets not having
 been  opened for  use  at so great  a  distance from the
 built parts of the  city.
  The next  object was to erect a  suitable  building
 and  a plan was  prepared  calculated, with wise fore-
thought, for a prosperous future;  but so  arranged  that
a part sufficient for immediate  wants might be built at
once,  and additions afterwards  made, as occasion might
require, without disturbing the general symmetry.   The
plan was that of the present noble  structure; the por-
tion at the time intended for erection was the  east win"- 
13
as it now exists facing Eighth Street.   The corner-stone
was laid on the 28th of May, 1755, with the following
neat inscription, prepared by Franklin :—

                   " In the year of CHRIST
                         MDCCLV.,
             GEORGE the Second happily Reigning
            (for he sought the happiness of  his people),
                   Philadelphia Flourishing
             (for its inhabitants were public spirited),
                        This Building,
               By the Bounty of the Government,
                 And of many private persons,
                     Was piously founded
            For the Relief of the Sick and Miserable.
                   May the God of Mercies
                   Bless the undertaking."*

   The house  was so far completed in December 1756
that patients were admitted; and the first regular meet-
ing  of the  Managers to inspect the wards took place on
the  27th of that month.
   The Hospital may now be considered  as fairly under
way.   It  will  not be uninteresting  to  glance  at  the
means by which,  in a town containing less than  30,000
inhabitants, and as  yet too young  to have accumulated
any  considerable  amount of capital,  resources  should
have been found adequate to  so important a  result.
The measure  was extremely popular  with all classes.

  *  In the progress of the repairs now going on at the Hospital, it
became necessary  to dig an area in front of  the east wing on Eighth
Street; and, in doing so,  the corner-stone alluded to was uncovered, and
the inscription found perfect as given in the text.  The stone is at the
S. E. corner, and the face containing the inscription looks towards Eighth
Street. 
14
The original contributions already referred to as exceed-
ing two thousand pounds, were  in  sums varying from
one pound to two hundred and fifty; being, for the most
part, from ten to thirty pounds.*
  In running the eye over the list of subscribers, it is
interesting to meet with so many names with which we
are  now  familiar, showing that, though Philadelphia
receives all  strangers with a  hearty welcome into her
brotherhood, she  holds on tenaciously to  the  families
which have  once taken  root  in  her  soil.  It will be
readily understood that the  sum originally  subscribed
was but a mere beginning, sufficient  to set  the  enter-
prise on foot, but altogether inadequate to its continued
support.  The Managers were not backward in letting
the  wants of  the  Institution  be  known;  and  their
appeals  were  always  answered.   New  contributions
flowed in every year, sometimes abundantly.  The "rich
widows and other single women" called on specially by
the Board in  an emergency, showed by their response
that benevolence in women is not an  exclusive charac-
teristic of our own times.f   The celebrated Whitfield
collected  one  hundred and  seventy  pounds  for the
Institution, at one  of his  sermons.   Tradesmen,  rae-

  * The subscription  of two hundred and fifty pounds was by Win.
Allen, Chief Justice of the Province.
  ■f The subscription among the "rich widows and other single women"
was set on foot with the object of raising money  to pay for drugs which
had been imported from London, and in the aggregate amounted to one
hundred and fourteen pounds.  Medicines were at first furnished gratui-
tously by the physicians of the Hospital; but  this was felt to be an un-
reasonable burden, especially as they were giving their professional services
without charge.   It was, therefore, determined to hire an apothecary to 
15
chanics, and  even  common workmen deducted some-
thing  from  their  prices  or wages  for  the common
cause.  Holders of  real  estate  sold  to  the Hospital
for less than  they  would  have  sold in  an ordinary
bargain.  Jury fines, contested sums of money,  and re-
siduary unclaimed sums, in the hands of trustees  and
assignees, were deposited in its  treasury.   The  signers
of the  paper money for the Province gave  the wages
they were allowed by law.  The curious paid willingly
the fee for admission to the  Hospital;  and many a poor
person  received the  blessing of Heaven,  as he dropped
his mite into the  charity box.   At the  suggestion of
Franklin, twelve tin boxes were provided, marked with
the words " Charily for the Hospital" in gold letters, one
of which was kept in  the house of each of the  Mana-
gers.   Though  not  very productive, they added some-
thing to the  funds.   The fact is curious, as marking a
characteristic trait of our great philosopher, statesman,
and economist.  With a mind powerful enough to grasp
the lightnings  of  heaven, and to control the fate of an
empire,  "eripuit  coelo  fulmen  sceptrumque  tyrannis"
he  yet had  the  microscopic  faculty of perceiving the
atoms out of which all aggregates are  made,  and in
pecuniary concerns  did not scorn  to  take care of the
pennies.*

attend daily at the house, and prepare the medicines; and  an allowance
of £15 per annum was made him for his trouble.  It consequently be-
came necessary to supply the Hospital with drugs, and at that time they
could be obtained of a reliable character only from Europe.
  * Among the benefactions worthy of notice was a lot of  ground lying
north of the city, presented by a German named  Matthew  Koplin, with 
16
   As may be readily imagined, legacies soon came to be
a  fruitful source of income.   Within the first  thirty
years, considerably more than five  thousand pounds
were received,  in sums varying from  twenty to  more
than a thousand  pounds.   Nor was the interest excited
by the Institution confined to the Province.  Subscrip-
tions were received from other Provinces, and from  the
West Indies;  and large  sums were  contributed  from
the  mother  country,  especially  by  members of  the
Society of Friends.   It would be unpardonable to pass
without  notice the name  of  Dr.  John   Fothergill, of
London, who was untiring in his  good offices, not only
subscribing  largely of money, and  making  valuable
donations of books, anatomical models,  drawings, &c,
but freely giving his advice and service when requested,
and  exerting his  influence in  England in various ways
for the good of the Hospital.*

a letter in  the language of  his father  land, stating that he desired to
offer this gift to the Hospital because he thought it likely to be managed
very differently from some in his own country, in which large sums col-
lected as alms were appropriated by the governors of the charity to the
enriching of themselves and their friends, who were thus enabled to live
in superfluity and voluptuousness, keeping their horses and coaches like
rich people, and all at the expense of the poor and the needy.
  * The  donation  of Dr. Fothergill alluded to, consisted of eighteen
different views of anatomical structure, in crayon and framed; of three
cases  of anatomical  models, and of another case containing a skeleton, &c.
These were of considerable value, being estimated in the schedule of the
stock of the Hospital, at £350.  They must have been of much service
to the student in the  dearth of opportunities for anatomical demonstra-
tion,  and appear to have excited some curiosity in  the community, as
they were placed in a room  by themselves, and  a dollar was demanded 
17
  Among the  important results of the interest felt  in
England was the receipt of a large sum of money, con-
sequent upon the settlement of  the  concerns of a joint-
stock partnership, denominated the Pennsylvania  Land
Company  in London.   In the  year 1760  an Act  of
Parliament was passed, vesting in trustees the estates of
that company in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Mary-
land, in order that they might be sold, and the proceeds
distributed.   But, as  it appeared probable  that  for a
considerable portion of these proceeds no just claimant
would be  found, the  insertion of a clause  in the Act
was procured by the friends of the Hospital, granting
to that Institution all the  money which might remain
unclaimed in the hands of the  trustees  upon  the 24th
of June 1770.   Thomas Hyam appears to  have  been
chiefly instrumental  in bringing about  this important
event for the Hospital;  and the counsel and aid of Dr.
Fothergill and David  Barclay, in connection with Dr.
Franklin,  then in England, were very usefully resorted
to in the ultimate  settlement of the  business.  Nearly
thirteen thousand pounds, or about thirty-four thousand
dollars accrued ultimately to the Institution from this

from every visitor, for permission to inspect them.  They arrived in
August 1702, about the  time  of the return  of  Dr.  Shippeu from
Europe, and were made use  of  by him, with the permission  of the
Board, for the illustration of a course of lectures on anatomy, which he
delivered the following winter. But a pistole from each student attend-
inc the lectures  was demanded  for the privilege.  In the following
summer, Dr. Shippen volunteered to attend at the Hospital every other
Saturday at 5 P. M., to explain the paintings, &c,  to those who might
attend, on the payment of a dollar to the Hospital.
        2 
18
source, though the last portions  of the sum were  not
received until after the close of the Revolutionary War.
  A simple  reference to  a further grant of three thou-
sand pounds, made by the Provincial Assembly in  the
year 1762, will close our  account of the fiscal  concerns
of the Hospital anterior to the Revolution.
  Purchases were made  at  different times,  on reason-
able terms,  and  for  sums which would now seem  ex-
tremely small, of the square  of ground lying  East,
and of the half square lying West of the proper Hos-
pital lot.   In April, 1776, according to a statement
entered on the Minutes of the Board  of Managers,  the
whole capital stock, independently of  the buildings and
the lot  upon  which they stood,  estimating  the real
estate at cost, was somewhat over twenty-one thousand
pounds,  or about fifty-six thousand  dollars;  and  the
annual income from the productive capital was thirteen
hundred and eighteen pounds,  or about three thousand
five hundred dollars.
  It would give me  great pleasure, were time allowed,
to refer to the various individuals who were most active
in the early concerns of the Hospital, and most liberal
in its support; to speak, in  addition  to  those already
mentioned, of the Jones's, the Griffitts's, the Foxes,  the
Roberdeaus, the Greenleafs, the Richardsons, the Miff-
lins, the  Lewis's, the Whartons, the  Morris's, the  Lo-
gans, and others who acted as Managers in the Provin-
cial times; of the Shippens, the Evans's, the Morgans,
the Moores, who served as  Physicians and Surgeons;
of the Aliens, the Crosbys, the Dennys, the Emlens, the
Hamiltons, the Norris's,  the Neates, the Osbornes,  the 
19
Pembertons, who, during the first ten years, contributed
most largely to its funds.   But I must forego the satis-
faction of  further  personal details.    Where a  whole
community participates, it  is impossible to  name all;
and it is  highly probable that, were the  attempt  made
to ascribe his due merits to each individual  concerned.
great injustice at this distance of time might  be done to
the  modest worth, which no  doubt  then,  as now and
always, sought rather  to conceal than to  blazon forth
its good deeds.*
   It was undoubtedly a sense of the benefits it conferred
which rendered the Hospital  so popular.  The insane,
instead of wandering through town and country, to their
own and the  public injury, an offence frequently and
terror to  the community, or of  languishing in confine-
ment, perhaps in chains, with little sympathy and less
restorative  aid, were now comfortably accommodated,
often restored  to health by judicious  management, and.
if incurable, were restrained from doing harm to them-
selves or their families, whether in  person or estate.
The poor and  houseless stranger, overtaken by sickness,
or perhaps  seeking relief for his  infirmities from metro-
politan skill, was no longer left to precarious  individual

  * In addition to what has been said of Franklin's services to the Hos-
pital, it is proper to mention that he continued to take an active share
in its concerns until he went abroad; was the first Secretary of the Board
of Managers and its second President; wrote, by the request of the Board,
for publication, an historical sketch of the Institution, and in other ways
employed his very efficient pen in its  service;  and, finally, during his
official residence in London, continued to give attention to its pecuniary
iuterests. 
20
charity, or, failing in this, to perish in the streets.  The
sick tenant of the cellar or the garret, without fuel in
winter,  and ill provided at  any season with food, medi-
cine, and advice, had now a refuge  to shelter and save
him.  The victims  of  sudden  accident,  with  broken
limb or bleeding wound, instead of being left to the
mercies of chance, maimed perhaps for life, or perishing
from want of suitable aid, had now  ready  access to the
best  skill, and all the necessary appliances  to obviate
the evil, so  far  as  this could  be  effected by  human
agency.  In fact; the beggar in the  street, in reference
to his restoration to health when diseased, was elevated
to the  condition almost of the  prince in his  palace.
They who  had witnessed the  previous evil, and now
beheld the operation of the remedy, blessed in  their
hearts the instrument of so much good,  and freely gave
of their substance for its support.   But we are now ac-
customed to hospitals, and have little experience of the
general evils  they have abated.  We have  come to look
on them as matters of course; our feelings have cooled
into indifference; and there may be some  danger that,
as extremes are said to meet, we shall find ourselves, in
the advanced stages  of social progress, not  far from the
point at which we started.
   The number of patients  admitted annually into the
Hospital increased gradually from 53, in the second year
of its operations, to 153  in  the year 1760-61, 382 in
1770-71, and 435 in the year preceding the declaration
of independence; the average proportion of pay-patients
throughout  this period being  only  a little more  than
one-sixth.   The  average  numbers  in the Hospital at 
                         21
                                •
the same time, in the years mentioned, were respectively
17, 45, 117, and  89, the  last number indicating  some
falling off consequent upon the revolutionary troubles.
   But, strange as the opinion may sound to most of the
audience,  I have  no hesitation in saying that the cure
of the sick is but  a small part, relatively, of the good
that is done  by a well-regulated  hospital.   The oppor-
tunities which it affords to the medical  student of ac-
quiring a  practical acquaintance with disease, contribute
much more largely to  the general benefit.  It is uni-
versally admitted that the young practitioner, who has
sought instruction by the bed-side in institutions of this
kind, is far better qualified for the duties of his profes-
sion, than if he had enjoyed no such advantage.   The
community  which  affords such opportunities  to  those
who are to have the future  charge of  its health, will
reap the incalculable reward  of a wiser supervision and
more efficient management of all that concerns that in-
estimable  blessing.   This, then, is one of the  charities
that benefits, even  in a worldly sense, as well the  giver
as the immediate recipient.   But the good extends far
beyond the community in which the hospital is  situated.
Young men from a distance are attracted  by its proffered
advantages, and carry home with them, each to his own
neighbourhood, a portion of the knowledge  and skill
which he  has seen exhibited.   For every patient cured,
or well treated, in an hospital, hundreds,  perhaps, in the
course of time, thousands, scattered through wide regions
of town and  country, may experience  similar benefit.
How the  managers  of institutions of this kind can re-
concile to  their moral sense  the  closure  of this  broad 
                         22

avenue to good, I find it  difficult to understand.   As-
suredly this charge  cannot be made against the Penn-
sylvania Hospital.  Clinical instruction has ever been a
prominent part  in  its scheme.  Born with it in this
country, it has grown with its growth, and, if I cannot
exactly say is mature with its maturity, is probably as
far  advanced as  circumstances will at present allow.
Students were at a very early period admitted  to the
practice of the house, at first upon the payment of a fee
of five pistoles, or about eight pounds  currency, which
was afterwards reduced to five pounds, and still later to
ten  dollars, at which it now stands.  So early as 1766,
Dr.  Thos. Bond proposed to deliver a course of clinical
lectures to the  students,  and,  the proposition  being
approved by  the Managers, commenced in November
with an  Introductory Lecture,  which  was  so  highly
thought of by the Board, that it was copied into their
minute book.  From that time to the present, clinical
lectures have been given more  or  less regularly in the
Hospital, either in the form of remarks by the bed-side
as the students were  conducted  through the wards, or,
when they have been too numerous, as of late, to be
thus conducted, by regular lectures in the amphitheatre,
to which the patients were conveyed.  By these means
the Hospital has long been  a fountain from which
streams of sanitary influence have poured forth through
all  parts of this far-extending land, spreading every-
where, along with its practical benefits, the reputation
of this time-honored Institution.
  Another interesting event in the  early history of the
Hospital was the establishment of the medical library, 
23
at present one of its greatest boasts.  This event followed
directly from the system of clinical  instruction.   The
Managers having referred to the  Physicians and  Sur-
geons for consideration the subject  of fees from medical
students attending the Hospital, the  latter met. in  May
1763, and, after  a conference upon the subject,  agreed
to propose that a fee should be demanded from every
attending student, not an apprentice of one of the Medi-
cal officers of the Hospital.  As such  fees were in Eu-
ropean hospitals  considered as  a perquisite of the  phy-
sicians and surgeons, they were of  opinion that to them
properly belonged the appropriation of the money thus
received; and they proposed, accordingly, that it should
be  applied to  the establishment of  a medical library.
This appropriation was virtually agreed to by the  Board;
and thus began that splendid collection of medical books,
unequalled  probably on  this continent, and surpassed
by few libraries exclusively medical in the world.
   The internal business of the house  was superintended
by a Steward and Matron; and the  direct care of the
patients, under the physicians, was intrusted to students
or apprentices, living within the Institution, who  were
supposed to derive from the experience acquired a full
compensation for their  services.  At  this stage  of the
history of the  Hospital, the duties also of the apothe-
cary devolved  on these young men; for, though profess-
ed apothecaries were occasionally engaged for a salary,
and one  or  more were brought for  the purpose  from
En "land, the plan was abandoned after the  system of
apprenticed students came fairly into operation.
   In relation to  the patients, the rule was to  admit as 
24
many  on the poor list as the funds at the command
of the  Managers  would  support, refusing  those  only
afflicted  with incurable  or contagious diseases.  The
remaining  space, after these were  accommodated, was
appropriated to the  reception of patients  who  could
afford  to make  some compensation; and, as the  price
demanded  was much less  than they would have had
to pay out of the house, scarcely exceeding  the ab-
solute  cost  to  the Institution, and  whatever  profits
accrued went to the further  extension of aid to the
destitute,  it follows  that  the  charity  of the  Hospital
was more widely diffused than if it had admitted only
paupers.   As to the  insane, the same rules were not
rigidly followed.  The  incurable  of  this  class  were
admitted even upon the poor list; and from the richer
patients, whose friends gladly availed themselves of the
benefits  of  the establishment, a  higher  board  was
demanded;  so that in fact this department became a
source  of profit,  and aided in the support of the general
charity.
  Such were the  regulations  and  such the condition
of the Hospital at the breaking  out of the Revolu-
tionary War. It had been established on a firm founda-
tion, had matured its arrangements by an experience of
many years, and was in a condition  to expand with the
growing means of the Province, and the accumulation of
material for its  beneficent  operation.  It had passed its
period  of development, had  escaped  the  dangers  of
infancy, and was in a vigorous youth, with every pro-
mise of a noble maturity.
  But it was now to stand a severe trial of its stability. 
25
A storm had been long gathering in the political atmo-
sphere of the Provinces, which broke out at length into
the fury of civil and revolutionary war.  It swept over
the whole land.  Social habits and  relations, with their
beautiful verdure and  bloom, were  crushed to earth  be-
neath  the blast, or torn, and  scattered by its violence;
the arts and  business of life, the noble erections of skill
and industry, tottered  upon their foundation, and stood
roofless in the storm; the deepest rooted institutions
of science and  benevolence were  uptorn or broken, and
the fragments of  their tempest-tossed limbs strewn over
the country.    When the rage of contest had ceased, and
peace  again  shone out upon  the land, the people, reco-
vering  from their stupefaction,  began to  look around
them,  to  examine what had escaped  destruction,  to
gather up the  scattered fragments of their institutions,
and to restore the beauty and beneficence of  order to
society once  more.
   What at  this  time  was the state of our Institution ?
It had not come unscathed out of the tempest.   In  the
excess of party bitterness, four of its most efficient Ma-
nagers were  banished to the wilds of Western Virginia.
The British Army, upon entering Philadelphia, took
possession of its wards, appropriating the  bedding, me-
dicines, instruments, &c, to their own uses; and, though
the building was restored by them to the Managers,  the
mischief done  was not repaired, and no compensation
made  for the  losses inflicted.  But vastly worse than
either of  these evils was the conduct of many debtors
of the Institution, who took  advantage of the  law  en-
forcing the  receipt of  paper  money, to discharge their 
26
mortgages and other obligations in a depreciated cur-
rency.   While the  capital  was thus  diminished,  the
income  from the remainder, often paid  in  the same
worthless paper, shrunk almost to nothing; and,  as con-
tributions came in  no longer, and the increased cost of
living  necessarily augmented the  expenses,  it may be
readily understood that the Hospital was greatly crip-
pled in its means of doing  good.   On one occasion, it
became necessary to  beg  the loan of a little specie to
prevent its operations from being wholly suspended.  It
is true  that, upon a  representation being made to the
Legislature of the condition of the charity, an act was
passed granting the apparently munificent sum of ten
thousand  pounds; but such was  the state of the cur-
rency at the time,  March 1780, that the value of the
grant was estimated at the precise sum of one hundred
and sixty-three pounds, eighteen  shillings  and eight
pence;  but little more than enough to pay the salary of
the steward and matron.   From a statement published
by the  Board in the autumn of 1785, it appears that
the loss of productive capital, consequent on the revolu-
tionary troubles, amounted  to  upwards of eight thou-
sand pounds,* and that its expenses at that time, though
very greatly reduced, doubled its fixed  income.   In
the year  1788-89, such was its inefficiency that only
seventy-seven  patients  were admitted into  the house
during the whole year, of whom not more than twenty-
eight were on the charity-list; and the average number
in the house at one time  was forty-seven, consisting
chiefly, in all probability, of incurable lunatics.
* Precisely £8,259 17s. Id. 
27
  This was the  lowest point to which  the  Institution
sank.  It had now seen its worst days.   The sunshine
of peace was invigorating all things around it, and under
the genial  influence, its  own trunkless  roots began to
send up  a  new and vigorous growth once more.   The
name of Samuel Coates was long  associated with  the
rising prosperity of the Pennsylvania Hospital.   He was
elected a Manager, July 25th, 1785; and very soon new
vigour appears to have been infused into the proceedings
of the Board.  An appeal to the community was pub-
lished;  and  a committee,  of  which Mr. Coates was
chairman,  was appointed  to solicit subscriptions per-
sonally from the citizens.  A considerable sum was thus
raised;  renewed  interest and  pride in the Institution
were excited; and  legacies with various  contributions
again flowed  into its  coffers.  The Managers  exerted
themselves in every way;  delinquent debtors were
called  to account;  suspended  annuities and subscrip-
tions were  claimed; legacies which had escaped notice
were looked after and  recovered; disputed claims were
brought to a legal settlement; and,  while in  this species
of beneficent foraging, no visible blade of grass  was left
ungathered, a watchful care was exercised over  the con-
sumption within, which allowed nothing to be wasted.
   One windfall is worthy of special notice.   Two hun-
dred pounds were sent to the  Board  by an individual,
as an indemnity for injury inflicted on  the Hospital by
the former payment of a mortgage in depreciated funds.
It appears, however,  that conscience in this case  had
been negotiating with self-interest, and,  as so frequently
happens, had  the worst  of  the bargain.  A committee 
28
of the Managers replied, that they were free to acknow-
ledge that this was the first instance in which the least
compensation had been offered for the great injury and
injustice  done to the  poor, by the payment of money,
borrowed equal in value to specie, in a currency known
at the  time to be  so  worthless.   This, they said, how-
ever, was warranted by the law, upon which they were
disposed to make no comment at all, leaving every man
to reconcile his conduct to the law written in his heart.
The present payment, they thought, was dictated upon
a good ground; and they could not doubt that some-
thing further would spring from the same source, until
the whole  should be  settled on the true  principle  of
right;  and, in order  that this end  might  be  attained,
they sent a statement  of the account, showing how much
was yet wanting to make up the great loss.
  In consideration of  the fact that legacies from persons
at a distance had, in repeated instances, long remained
unknown to the Board, and of course unpaid, the Mana-
gers applied  in 1790  to  the  Legislature for a law ren-
dering it obligatory on the  registers of wills, in the dif-
ferent counties, to give notice of such legacies to chari-
table institutions.  Whether any legislative  action en-
sued I have not learned.
  In January 1792, a new application was made to the
Legislature for assistance.   In a joint  memorial from
the  Managers, Treasurer, and Physicians, after a brief
historical sketch of the  Institution  from its foundation,
showing how much it  had in former times been favoured
by  the Assembly, its present wants  were set forth in  an
impressive manner, especially the want of space for the 
29
accommodation of the  increasing number of lunatics,
who were now injuriously crowded, and, by filling the
wards, excluded the  due proportion of other  cases from
the house.  What was  now especially wished from the
Legislature  was an  appropriation  for completing the
Hospital buildings according to the original plan;  as, if
this were accomplished, it was thought that the increas-
ing interest taken in the Institution would  insure the
supply of means for its support through voluntary con-
tributions.  The result of this application, supported as
it appears to have  been by the  public  sentiment, was
an act of Assembly granting to the Hospital the sum of
ten thousand pounds out of the arrears due to the com-
monwealth  under  the  loan office act; and, in addition,
the unclaimed dividends  of bankrupts'  estates, which
yielded,  in the end,  nineteen thousand dollars.   A fur-
ther grant of twenty-five thousand dollars was made  in
April  1796; so that the Hospital received  altogether,
on these occasions,  through legislative  action,  a sum,
applicable to the erection of buildings, somewhat exceed:
ing seventy thousand dollars.
   At  a  meeting of  the Contributors  early  in 1794, it
was determined  to  proceed  at once with the building.
 The aim was to provide accommodations  as soon  as
possible  for the insane;  and the western wing, with the
wards connecting it with the central portion, was first
undertaken.  This was so far completed as to be opened
for  the  reception of patients in 1796.  In consequence
of the great rise in  the price of materials, and the slow
incoming of portions of the legislative  grant, the pro-
gress with  the remainder of the house was less rapid 
30
than had been  anticipated;  and it was not till the year
1805  that the central  portion  was finished, and the
original plan carried into full effect.  It is scarcely ne-
cessary to allude to the several outbuildings which were
at different periods  suggested by the increasing wants
of the Hospital, and erected  out of its increasing  means.
From a representation „made by the Board to the Legis-
lature, it appears that the sums specifically granted for
the building had been insufficient to meet the cost; and
a further  grant was requested: but the bounty of the
Assembly had been  exhausted;  and from that  period
the Hospital has received no pecuniary aid  from the
State government.
   In looking over the minutes of the Board of Managers,
I have found numerous records of incident, which, did
time permit, might  be referred to with interest  on the
present occasion, as in  themselves curious, as bearing
more or less directly upon  the history of the Institution,
or as illustrative of the local  history of the  times.  I
will refer briefly to a few of them.
   It is generally known that the wife of Stephen Girard,
whose  name has now  become  inseparably connected
with our  city, was  for  a  long time among the unfor-
tunate  inmates of the insane department of the Hospi-
tal; but it is not  so generally known that a child was
born to him within  its precincts in May, 1791,  by the
death of which probably the  orphans of Philadelphia
became his heirs.   Mr. Girard was always a  friend of
the Hospital, and repeated'pecuniary contributions re-
ceived from him are noticed  on its records.
  The  yellow fever,  which committed  such havoc in 
31
our city in 1793, and  for many years afterwards con-
tinued to make occasional inroads in the summer and
autumn, seems always to have been an object of great
dread at the  Hospital.  The Managers,  as most others
in those times, were  decided contagionists,  and were
under constant apprehension  lest  the  disease might be
propagated in the house.  They have placed on record
a strong letter of remonstrance written by them to Dr.
Wm.  Shippen, one of the physicians, in  June 1801, on
the occasion of the inadvertent admission into the Hos-
pital of a patient, who turned out to  be affected with
the fever.  In the summer of 1797, while the building
was going on, their carpenter, David Evans, applied for
permission to board in the house, as  the yellow fever
was prevailing in the vicinity of his  residence.  This
was granted on the  condition that he should  hold no
communication with  the city;  the  Hospital being then
considered, as appears, quite out of town.  The Ma-
nagers seem  to have taken  some credit to themselves
for keeping their  patients free from  the disease;  for
though, with  all their  caution, a  case would now and
then appear within their walls, yet the immediate isola-
tion to which it was subjected, was supposed to have
prevented the spreading of the fever.   It seems not to
have  occurred to them that this exemption was in fact
owing to the  non-contagiousness  of the disease, now
almost  universally admitted in this country, and  to the
fact that their rural situation placed them beyond  the
influence of that vitiated atmosphere upon which it de-
pended.  It was in the epidemic of 1793  that Dr. James
Hutchinson fell a victim to the yellow fever.  The Ma- 
32
nagers, thinking it due  to  his  memory to  record their
sense of his  great services  to the Institution, speak of
him in their minutes as " an able and eminent physician,"
who had spent  many of his youthful days as resident
apothecary in the  house, had  afterwards  served most
acceptably  as a  surgeon  for fourteen  years, and was
known, with others,  to  have effectually advocated  the
interests of the Hospital with the Assembly and people,
on  all occasions, whereby many  additional grants and
donations had been secured.
  In 1799,  a proposition  was made to the Board  by
George Latimer, the  Collector  of the Port of Philadel-
phia, to receive  as inmates of the Hospital the sick and
disabled seamen, both of the public and private service,
for a suitable  compensation to  be paid by the  govern-
ment of the  United States.   This proposition led finally
to the present arrangement, by which the seamen of the
merchant service, entitled, in consideration of the hospi-
tal money deducted  from  their  wages, to  be cared  for
when disabled by  disease, are received into the house
for  a certain stipulated  weekly board,  and  retained
until restored to health, or removed by the Collector.*

  * I find on the minutes  for December 28th, 1801, an incident worthy
of record, showing an early movement on the  subject  of temperance in
this city.  It was the presentation to the Court of Quarter Sessions and
Mayor's Court  of Philadelphia, of a joint memorial from the Guardians
of the Poor, the Inspectors of  the City and County Prison, and the Ma-
nagers of the Hospital, stating their alarm at the increase of the number
of the objects of their care, attributable, they believed, mainly to intem-
perance, and offering their  earnest entreaties that the number of taverns
and other licensed public houses in the city might be reduced. 
33
   In December 1802, a proposition was made to extend
 the  usefulness of the Institution by  the  establishment
 of a hjuuj-in  department for poor and  deserving mar-
 ried women.  This was  approved by the Contributors
 on  the  following January,  and  the  department  went
 into operation  accordingly.    In connexion with this
 subject  may be  appropriately mentioned  the donation,
 by  the  First  Troop of Philadelphia Cavalry, of a sum
 derived from their pay for services in  the  revolutionary
 war, which had been set  aside for the establishment of
 a foundling hospital, but  happily received a much more
 profitable  direction  to  this  particular charity.   The
 arrangement to this effect was completed in March 1807.
 The contribution consisted of shares in the capital  stock
 of the Pennsylvania Bank, and for many years furnished
 an annual  income for the support of  the  lying-in  ward
 of between five  hundred  and six hundred dollars.*
   From an early period of the history of the  Institution,
 it had been the custom to attend to poor patients out of
 the  house, as well as  to those admitted.  This  duty
 was, I believe,  mainly performed  by the young  men
 who were from  time to time  engaged as resident stu-
 dents, or apprentices  as they were called.   There  was,
 however, little system in this department of  the service
 until December  1807,  when  a regular  Dispensary for
 out-door patients wras  established, and physicians were

  * At first, the duties of the lying-in department were attended to by
 the physicians of the  house; afterwards a physician was appointed spe-
 cially for the office; and finally  it was deemed expedient to divide the
 duties between two, to attend alternately for six months.   This last
arrangement still exists.
       3 
34
appointed to attend them at a small salary.  Two or three
physicians  successively received appointments  under
this arrangement; but, as  the Philadelphia Dispensary,
which had the same objects in view, had now come into
efficient operation, it  was not deemed worth  while  to
persevere;  and the whole system was abandoned  in
January 1817.
  The history of the celebrated painting of Christ heal-
ing the sick  is not unworthy of notice.  In September
1800, the Managers wrote to Benjamin West,  soliciting
a contribution from his pencil.   They said  in their letter
that the hospital building, than which none in this part
of the world united in itself more of ornament and use,
was then nearly completed, and, after a due compliment
to the liberality of English contributors, and an  appeal
to the affection which  he could not but feel for the place
of his birth, concluded  with the sentiment, that the works
of an artist which ornamented  the palace of his king,
could not fail to honour him in his native land.  This re-
quest received in the following year a favourable  answer
from West, who suggested as the subject of the painting
the text of Scripture, " And the blind and the lame came
to Him in the temple, and He healed them," than which
certainly none could be more appropriate.  In August,
1810, notice was  received that  the painting might  be
soon looked for; and expectation was on tip-toe not only
among those especially interested in the Hospital, but in
the whole community : but for the present it was des-
tined to disappointment.  The  picture, when exhibited
in  England, excited  such a glow  of admiration, that
English patriotism took the alarm, and nobles  and com- 
35
mons, rich and poor, united in  the determination to re-
tain it in the country.  West could not resist the various
influences  exerted, and  was prevailed on to allow the
painting to remain; but he immediately engaged in the
preparation of a copy, which he resolved should exceed
the original.  Considering that he was occupied in this
work at a  time when the two countries were at war, and
considering also his  connexion with the Great of his
adopted country, we may fairly ascribe to him the merit
of extraordinary independence  and liberality of feeling,
as well as  of  attachment to the place of his birth.   It
was not, however, until October, 1817, that the painting
reached this country.  It was immediately placed in a
building which had been specially erected for its recep-
tion upon the hospital lot on Spruce  Street, and, having
been opened for exhibition,  at the price of 25 cents for
admission, attracted a throng of visitors, which  yielded
for several years a considerable income to the Institution.
The money received from the opening of the exhibition
to the present time has been somewhat more than twen-
ty-five  thousand dollars;  and, as the whole outlay on
account of the picture was  not  equal to ten thousand
dollars, the  profit,  deducting the cost  of  exhibition,
amounts to about fifteen thousand dollars;  no inconsi-
derable contribution from our countryman, especially  as
it proceeded not from an overflowing  purse, but imme-
diately from the work of his own head and hands.*

  * At the request of the  Managers of the Academy of Fine Arts, the
Board has permitted this painting to be removed to that institution, with
the understanding that it shall be returned when demanded;  and as it 
36
   A  subject  of much  interest about this period  at-
tracted the attention and solicitude of the Managers.
From its foundation  up to the year 1808, the  thought
seems to have occurred to no one of taxing the property
of the Hospital.  To the simplicity of those times it was
so obvious that such a proceeding would be merely taking
money out  of one  pocket to  put  into another, that it
was not  considered  worth while to  incur  at  once the
odium, trouble, and  cost of the process.  It was well
understood that, if the Hospital did not take care of the
destitute sick, the charge would necessarily fall on the
public; and, as it is notorious that the concerns of this
same public are carried on at greater  cost than similar
concerns in private hands, it seemed to our plain ances-
tors that money extracted from the charity-box of the
Hospital would not only cost  more than it would come
to, but at the same time be  less effective in its applica-
tion ;  that is, the poor would  cost more  and be worse
cared for.  But we have learned a new lesson in modern
times.   There is another class to be  provided for at the
public expense besides  the  poor.   It is the class that
has the management of our public concerns.   The more
money is collected, and the more distributed, the better
for these; and as they are prominently  the patriots of
the day, they of course deserve support,  even at the ex-
pense  of that  less profitable class, the  destitute poor.
Hence, it is now a favourite theory with many that our

is safe in the fire-proof building of the Academy, had ceased to yield any
material profit to the Hospital, and  in its present situation is seen by
more than it would be if confined to its original position, this is probably
the best disposition, for the present at least, that could be made of it. 
37
charities should be  taxed with everything else.  It ap-
pears that in 1808 the property of the Hospital was
assessed  for the first  time.  The Board of Managers
appealed to the Legislature, then sitting in Lancaster
(January, 1809); petitioning for an act exempting their
property from  taxation; but were unsuccessful.  They
hereupon determined to decline payment, and to appeal
to the law; having, in the absence of any special enact-
ment, long usage in their favour.  In June, the collector
sent in a bill of three hundred and eighty-one dollars,
seventeen cents, for city, county, poor, and health taxes;
and not receiving payment, seized on the hay and the
cows which he  found  in one of the  lots.   These were
bought in on account of the Board, who  then instituted
a suit for trespass.   The cause was protracted till 1812,
when it was lost;  and nothing  now remained for the
Managers but submission to the burthen, or  another ap-
peal to the law-making power.  They preferred the lat-
ter, but again  failed;  nor did they meet with  better
success in  another  attempt made towards  the close of
the year  1814.   They did not, however, despair.  In
their next essay they  were wise enough not to place
their dependence on the merits of their cause alone; but
to act also on the political sensibilities of the law-makers,
bv giving to their application a broad popular basis.  A
memorial was prepared and circulated among  the citi-
zens  for their  signature.   With this they presented
themselves once more at the door of legislation, backed
this time not merely by reason, common sense, humanity,
charity, and the various other common-place homely in-
fluences of the same kind, but also by the  potential voice 
38
of many voters, much  more easily heard, amid the din
of politics, than the still small voice within.   Whether
the result was due to their policy or to their perseverance,
certain it is that the decision was  at length in their
favour; and, by a clause apparently smuggled into the
close of another act having reference to the far-off city
of New Orleans, as if the legislators were really ashamed
of this lapse into  the weakness of charity, the Pennsyl-
vania Hospital  and the grounds around it were declared
to be exempt from taxation so long as they should  be
employed for charitable purposes.  It is proper to  say
that  a subsequent Assembly extended  this exemption
(March 19th, 1845) to the whole estate, real  and per-
sonal, belonging to the Institution.
   Alluding as we  have done so often to benefactions con-
ferred upon the Hospital, it is no more than just that we
should mention an occasion in which the Hospital itself
was the giver.  The liberal present made by Dr. Fother-
gill of various  anatomical drawings and  models to the
Institution, has been already referred to.   These served
as the basis of a Museum, which was afterwards greatly
increased (April, 1793) by the  purchase from the execu-
tors of Dr. Chovet, an  eminent, but somewhat eccentric
physician of Philadelphia, of  his collection of prepara-
tions and wax models, then deemed  master-pieces of art
in that department.   The museum thus  created was
considered at one time among the  greatest attractions
of the Hospital, and even added somewhat to its receipts.
But losing at last its value in  this respect, and occupy-
ing space which was wanted for the more important pur-
poses  of the Institution, the Managers very courteously 
39
made an offer of it  to the University of Pennsylvania,
where it might be employed to greater practical advan-
tage.   The  purchased cabinet of Dr. Chovet was made
an  absolute  gift; but the  collection  presented by  Dr.
Fothergill, as the Managers did not conceive that they
had the authority to alienate it, was merely placed with
the University on deposit.   The  transfer was made in
April, 1824, and the two collections at this time form a
part of the Wistar Museum in the University.
   An improvement of considerable importance was about
the same time made in the internal medical arrangements
of the Hospital.  Originally, a single student or apprentice,
bound to serve the Institution for five years, was deemed
adequate to the duties not only of attending to the sick,
but also of putting up the prescriptions of the physicians.
An additional apprentice was afterwards found  neces-
sary ; and, by a very proper arrangement, to the older
and more experienced were assigned the more responsi-
ble duties, while the younger took those which required
less knowledge and skill.  But with the rapidly extend-
ing business of the house, it became essential to  obtain
further  aid; and it  was resolved, June, 1821,  that a
regular  apothecary should be engaged at a salary, to
reside in the house, and take upon himself all the strictly
pharmaceutical offices.  At the same time, instead of
students or apprentices, it was determined that graduates
in medicine should be  employed, who having already
 o-one through a regular  course of  education, would not
only be more competent to the duties of the  station, but
would also be able  to devote their time more exclusively
 to these duties.  Thus the two  students were replaced 
40
by two resident physicians; and  the number of these
has recently been  increased to three.   The  experience
and  skill they gain during  their period of service  are
deemed an  ample  compensation; and they receive only
their board  while in the house.   The station is eagerly
sought for by the best educated  among  our young grad-
uates.
   From the period of greatest depression, about the close
of the revolutionary war, the pecuniary concerns of  the
Hospital rapidly improved, under the unceasing activity
of the Managers, and the smiles of popular favour. The
liberal legislative  grant  has been  mentioned.   Indi-
vidual contributions were numerous, and  in  the aggre-
gate of large amount.  Among the most considerable
was one of thirteen  hundred dollars presented through
Samuel Coates  by a person who was unwilling that  his
name should be known.  The interest felt for the Insti-
tution in Great Britain  before the Revolution still con-
tinued in  some degree, as evinced by donations and
pecuniary contributions from Dr. Lettsom, William Dill-
wyn, and  Robert  Barclay.   Various gifts were made
of little pecuniary value, but highly acceptable from  the
associations attached to  them.  A marble  bust of Wm.
Penn, supposed to  be the first executed in this country,
was  presented by James Traquair, in June, 1802; and
the leaden  statue  of the same  great  man which has
long stood in  front of the Hospital, was  received as a
gift from his grandson, John  Penn, in September, 1804.*
  * In addition to these donations may be mentioned, as  falling within
this period of the history of the Hospital, the gift by Henry S. Drinker 
41
The  legacies were  also numerous.   Among  them may
be  particularized, as of greatest  amount, those of Dr.
Samuel  Cooper, who left  the greater part of his estate
for the support of a carriage  and  horses  for the use  of
the  Hospital;  of William West, amounting to upwards
of two thousand dollars; of Charles Nicholes, exceeding
five  thousand  dollars;  of Paul Siemen,  two thousand
dollars;   of John Keble,  who,  besides  a  considerable
amount  of  real estate, left money  and securities equiva-
lent  to not less than fifteen thousand dollars, which were
received in July 1809;* and, lastly, of  Stephen Girard,

of the arm chair of William Penn, which is said to have been used  by
him on the occasion of his audiences with the Indians who visited him
at Pennsbury Manor, and which  had remained in the mansion house at
that place  from 1G83 to 1795.  It was presented by Mr. Drinker, May
7th, 1810.
  In  September, 1831, a marble bust of Benjamin West, executed  by
Chantry, was  presented on  the part of Major Gibbons,  of Richmond,
Virginia, and was placed in the room occupied by the celebrated painting
of "West.
  The portrait of Dr. Rush, which adorns the hall of the  centre building
at the Hospital, was painted after a family picture, by Thomas Sully, at
the suggestion of the medical students, made in a letter to the Board,
May 31st,  1813, and at the expense of the  fund derived from the fees
of the students, under a resolution of the physicians and  surgeons.
  About the same time, the  full  length  portrait of Samuel Coates, the
efficient Manager of  the  Institution,  which also  adorns  the hall, was
painted by Mr. Sully, and presented by him to the Institution.
  * By the will of Mr. Keble, eight hundred dollars were specifically
left the Hospital, and the residue to be distributed by  Bishop White and
others, executors or trustees, for such charitable purposes as they might
deem best.   The share which accrued to the Hospital was estimated to
have amounted altogether to the sum of §28/242, from which a small
annuity was to be deducted.  {Minutes, vol. ix. page 172.) 
42
whose  legacy, amounting to twenty-nine thousand two
hundred  and fifty dollars, after the deduction of the
collateral inheritance tax, came into the treasury of the
Hospital  in July, 1832.
  The productive capital, which, at the lowest period of
its  depression in 1783, was in round  numbers twenty-
seven thousand dollars, gradually increased in the  seve-
ral  decades  after that year, to forty-five thousand in
1793, sixty-two thousand in 1803, one  hundred and
twenty-four thousand in 1813, one hundred and seventy-
two thousand in 1823,  and two  hundred  and  sixty
thousand in  1833, after  which a new era in the his-
tory of the Hospital begins.   The income from capital,
during about an equal period, rose by  corresponding
gradations from one thousand dollars, its lowest point
in  1796, to  nearly fifteen   thousand in 1835.  The
operations of the charity of  course corresponded with
the means;  and the number of annual  admissions  in-
creased from 78 in 1790, to 176 in  1800, 368  in 1810,
749 in 1820, and to  1130  in 1830, after  which the
average for  several  years was somewhat over 1000.
The number in  the  house  at one time, or, to use a
technical phraseology, its average population, rose from
46  to 225.   The proportion of pay patients was, during
this second   period in the history  of the Institution,
much  greater  than in the  ante-revolutionary period,
owing to the admission of the seamen  of the  merchants'
service, and the increased numbers of  the insane, whom
the reputation of the Hospital  attracted from  all  parts
of the Union.  It was necessary to regulate the number
of  poor  admitted by the state of  the funds, and from 
43
time to time the former was augmented by resolution of
the Board with the  increase of the latter.  Thus in
1807, 50 beds were allowed for  poor patients, in 1823,
90, and in 1835, 120.
   Reference has already been made to the purchase of
the two lots east and west of the Hospital.  At various
periods the Managers were enabled to possess themselves
also of one upon the south-west,  and another opposite to
the Hospital on the south; so that, with their buildings
all completed, and surrounded on every side  except on
the north, with beautiful green fields, kept in the nicest
order,  they could boast an Institution, if not the largest,
assuredly  in  all points of beauty, healthfulness,  and
general prosperity, unsurpassed upon this  continent.
   A new era now begins in the  history of the Hospital.
A great question agitated the minds of the Board, the
contributors, and the  thinking men of the general com-
munity.   This question had reference to the  insane.
Their  numbers had increased beyond the means of ac-
commodation.  New views in relation to the treatment
of this class of patients had been developed which could
not be carried out in the existing space  and arrange-
ments  of the house.  The Pennsylvania Hospital, which
had taken an  acknowledged lead in this branch of prac-
tical medicine, was falling behind other establishments.
They who had the immediate charge of the insane, and
I happened to be one of them, felt  themselves cramped
in their curative efforts, and, seeing their way clearly
to better things, were troubled and grieved at the inter-
vening obstacles.  There was no opportunity for proper
classification, none  for  bringing  duly  to  bear the  vast 
44
remedial power of moral influences.  It is true  that in
our Institution,  under the enlightened supervision of
Rush and others, correct views  of insanity and of its
management had prevailed and been carried into partial
effect, at a very early period, and had undoubtedly been
one cause of its wide reputation and popularity.   But
in the  march which  we ourselves had  been among the
first to begin, circumstances were now  compelling us to
halt.   This state of things could be tolerated no longer.
Either the care of the insane must be abandoned, or we
must conform with the improved views and methods of
the day.
   But the  reception and care of lunatics were among
the very objects of the foundation of the Hospital.   The
first memorial to the Provincial  Assembly refers, in its
beginning sentence, to the increasing number of lunatics,
as one of the great wants calling for  relief.   All the
legislative grants, all the individual  contributions and
legacies,  were made with the understanding that they
were to be appropriated in part to this class of patients.
In justice, they could not be abandoned.  It was among
the highest obligations of the Institution to provide for
their proper care and  treatment.  An extension, then,
of the existing accommodations was an  imperative duty,
I might almost say a necessity.  But how,  and  to what
extent was this to be effected ?
   Were we to be content with some enlargement of the
means already  in operation, with some patching of  a
system which had  been outgrown, some repairs of an
old edifice the very foundations of which were insecure?
This would have been a very short-sighted  policy—a 
45
very selfish policy—shifting from our own shoulders to
those of our  successors the burthen that properly be-
longed to us.   No!   The  true plan, the  most efficient,
in the end even the cheapest plan, was to begin  anew;
to desert the  old grounds and the old building as insuffi-
cient, and as  wanted too for  other purposes;  to adopt
the  good American system of  migration when  over-
crowded; and to seek a new site  and new circumstances
corresponding with the magnitude and importance of the
object.
   But how was this to  be accomplished?  Whence were
the funds to be obtained?   The productive capital of the
Hospital could not be touched.   The income from this
source was sacred.   It did  not belong to the " Contribu-
tors to the  Pennsylvania Hospital;" it belonged under
solemn pledges to the  sick and  destitute poor.  There
remained then but  one alternative—an  appeal  to the
public, or the sale of the beautiful but unproductive lots
around the Hospital.  The former, it was well known,
would, under the circumstances and to the extent desi-
rable, be unavailing.   The answer to every hint of such
a recourse was—you are rich; you are  overburthened
with unproductive  real estate;  make use of your own
means, and then if necessary apply to us.   It is true that
many regretted the loss of those grassy squares; hoped
that they might be reserved as breathing places for the
crowded city; deprecated  even  the effect of their loss
upon the probable health of the inmates of the Hospital;
but they gave no money; they made no offers; they left
the  Hospital to  its own  resources.  The sale  of the
grounds then became imperative.   The  Hospital had 
46
bought them with its own money, and had a full right to
dispose of them.
  The Contributors at different meetings were consulted
upon this important business.   At their meeting in May,
1831, they decided that a separate Asylum for the Insane
was expedient, and instructed the Managers to propose
a suitable site at a future meeting.  In May, 1832, and
subsequently in 1835, they gave authority to  sell  the
vacant grounds east, west, and south-west of the Hospi-
tal, in order to raise money for the new buildings.
  These lots had been purchased originally for about nine
thousand dollars;* they were  sold as authorized by the
contributors;  and their proceeds before they were  ex-
pended upon the New Asylum for the Insane, amounted,
principal  and interest included, to three hundred and
twenty-five  thousand dollars.   They had never yielded
an income to the Hospital.  In a pecuniary point of view,
therefore, this was a pure  gain.   It  was an exchange
of unproductive property for the noble establishment
which has arisen upon the other side of the Schuylkill,
and which has restored to Philadelphia the proud rank
she had nearly lost in this great onward movement of
humanity.
  The  question of a  site  for this new branch of the
Hospital was one of great importance.  Happily it was
settled in favour of the country.  I presume that at pre-
sent there are scarcely two opinions  upon the subject.
If any one  should still entertain a doubt,  let him visit
the beautiful spot now occupied by the insane under the
* Precisely $8917-27. 
 
 
47
charge of this Institution, and he will  return with all
his doubts removed.
   It is hardly necessary for me  to  say, that the site
selected was a farm  extending from the Haverford to
the West-chester  Road, about  two miles west of  the
city, containing somewhat more than 100 acres.
   The position was,  I think, happily selected  in  refer-
ence  to  healthfulness,  convenience,  and future avail-
ability.  A century hence, it is probable that our grow-
ing town will  have  reached  these suburban grounds;
and  that their increased  value at that  time will enable
the Institution to extend its beneficence in a degree pro-
portionate to the inevitably increasing demands upon it.
   The corner stone of "the Pennsylvania Hospital for
the Insane," as this establishment is properly styled, was
laid June 22d, 1836;  and the house was opened for the
reception of patients upon the first day of the year 1841.
The  whole  cost of it was  sustained without any  en-
croachment upon  the productive  capital;  though  the
fact, that the profits accruing  from the  board of insane
patients  had added very considerably  to that  capital,
might  have furnished a plausible  excuse for the appro-
priation of a portion of it, had such appropriation been
necessary, to the completion of the new establishment.
   A visit to the  Pennsylvania Hospital for  the Insane
will amply repay any one who either loves the beauties
of nature, or the  still greater beauties of beneficence in
orderly,  efficient, and extensive  action.   Around  the
house  are pleasure grounds,  of more than 40  acres in
extent, of finely diversified surface, adorned with grass,
shrubbery and trees,  with a  small wood enclosed, and 
48
from various points commanding  agreeable rural views.
Neat isolated buildings are seen here and there, intended
for the amusement or employment of the inmates, or for
other purposes connected with their well-being.  In the
midst arises a noble edifice, imposing  by its magnitude,
striking by its architectural character, arranged intern-
ally with every attention to healthfulness and comfort,
where everything is exquisitely clean, everything in or-
der, and a refreshing atmosphere of kindliness, cheerful-
ness, and all the gentler virtues seems to breathe peace-
fully through hall,  saloon, and chamber.    Scattered
about the grounds, in the  different apartments of the
main building, or in  the out-houses, you  encounter per-
sons walking, conversing, reading, or variously occupied,
neatly and often  handsomely dressed, to whom as you
pass you receive  an introduction as in ordinary social
life; and you find yourself not unfrequently quite at a
loss to determine whether the persons  met  with are
really the insane, or whether  they may not be visitors
or officials in  the establishment.  From  this  scene of
comfort, of  amending health,  of cheering hopefulness,
your minds wander back to the days  of cells, prisons,
chains, and the lash;  when the eye was offended with
rags  and filth, the ear wounded by yells, screams, and
imprecations, and the  heart pained by the images of des-
pair around it; and you thank Heaven that you  have
been permitted to live in  these times;  you bless the
hearts, the heads, and the hands which suggested, con-
ceived, and executed all this  glorious work of benefi-
cence;  and you  feel your own hearts swelling with  a
consciousness of the increased  elevation  and dignity of 
49
human nature itself.  Surely no outlay of money is to
be regretted which has led to such results.
  One of the important consequences of a transfer of the
insane from the old Hospital to the new, was an increase
of space in the former for the accommodation of ordi-
nary medical and surgical patients.  But the  building
was old and  required much repair;  and, besides, a large
portion of it, having been originally arranged for the in-
sane, was not adapted to ordinary purposes.  A thorough
repair,  and to a certain  extent  reconstruction of the
Hospital in  the  city, became consequently necessary;
and the question  now came up for determination how
this was to be accomplished.  The Board were equally
unwilling as  before to encroach on  the productive capi-
tal; one large lot, that namely, lying South of the Hos-
pital, remained to them;  and an effort to obtain subscrip-
tions for the  alteration of the west wing, may be said to
have failed before the fact that such a lot  existed, as
it produced only three thousand dollars, while thirty or
forty thousand were  requisite.  It  remained only that
the square on Pine  street should follow the fortune of
the  others, and  exchange its  beautiful arassv  covering
for  one  of bricks and mortar.   The alterations were
commenced.   The west wing  was  completely repaired,
and remodeled so as  to adapt it for ordinary patients;
and ma}' boast at present among its wards two of the
neatest anywhere existing.  I have  never  seen wards
equal to them, in this respect, in any  Hospital either of
this country  or Europe.   The east  wing and the centre
are  at this very time  undergoing similar alteration;  and
it is probable that, before the end of the first year of the
       4 
50
second century of our existence as a corporate body, we
shall be possessed of an edifice in perfect repair, as sub-
stantial as if new, every way fitted for the use of the
Institution, and likely to last yet another hundred years.
   I have now brought the history of the Hospital to a
close.  Had  time permitted I could have dwelt with
great satisfaction on its relations with the prominent in-
dividuals who have in various ways been connected with
it since the Revolution, and have contributed to elevate
it to its present prosperous condition.  Especially should
I have been gratified, from feelings of professional pride
and sympathy, to call to  your recollection those  great
medical names which have honoured alike this Institu-
tion, our city, and our whole country.   But I  forbear;
and hasten to the end of this address, already I fear pro-
tracted somewhat beyond your patience.  It yet remains
to offer you a very general view of the present condition,
resources, and operations of the establishment;  and to
call  your attention briefly to two or three points, in
which justice requires that certain misapprehensions in
relation to it should be corrected.
   The Chartered  Body consists of all  who have paid
£10 to the Institution.   These are called Contributors.
They elect the  Managers and a Treasurer;  and to their
authority recourse is  had  when  any important under-
taking or change  of regulations is contemplated.
   The Board of Managers consists of twelve contribu-
tors, who, with the Treasurer, are  chosen  annually on
the first Monday  in May, and  serve without compensa-
tion.  They have, under the Contributors, the whole con-
trol of the concerns of the Hospital, and, with the single 
51
exception  of  the Treasurer,  appoint all  the officers.
They also  have the power to fill vacancies in their own
numbers, occurring in the interval between the annual
meetings in May.
   There are two great branches of the Institution; the
Hospital in the city, intended for the reception of medi-
cal, surgical, and obstetrical patients, and  the Hospital
for the Insane, situated in the country.
   The domestic economy of each of these establishments
is under the superintendence of a Steward and Matron.
   In the city Hospital, the  patients are under  the care
of  a Board of Medical officers, consisting of three phy-
sicians, three  surgeons, and two  obstetricians, all con-
tributors, who serve without compensation.  They divide
the year between them; but in such a manner that one
of the physicians and one of the surgeons visit the Hos-
pital daily.
   The  visiting  physicians and surgeons are  aided  by
three resident  physicians, graduates  in  medicine, who
are appointed for eighteen  months, live in the  house,
and receive their board for their services.
   A resident apothecary, with  a salary,  superintends
the preparation and dispensing of medicines.
   Attached to this branch of the Institution is a splendid
medical  library, containing more  than 9000  volumes,
many of them of great value, which, under certain  re-
gulations, are  in constant use by students of  medicine
and physicians.   A Librarian, with a salary, resides in
the house, has charge of the books, and at the same time
serves as clerk to the Board of Managers.
  The Hospital for the Insane  is under  the direct ma- 
52
nagement, in all that concerns  the-medical, moral, and
physical condition of the patients, of one Physician, who
receives a salary, and devotes his whole time  to the es-
tablishment.   The  present very efficient occupant  of
that office has filled it from the  foundation of this de-
partment of the Hospital.
  He is aided by a subordinate resident physician, who
also receives a salary.
  Such is the machinery of  the Institution.  The re-
sources by which it is kept in  operation  consist of an
invested productive capital, which by contributions, le-
gacies, &c, has been gradually increased to three hundred
and seventy thousand  dollars,  yielding an  income of
about twenty thousand  dollars.   At the present time,
the  department  for  the  Insane  very  nearly supports
itself out of the receipts from the pay-patients; the
interest  of  the  money  expended in   purchasing the
grounds and erecting the buildings being left out of con-
sideration.
  And now let us glance at the results  of the  operations
of  the Hospital.  In the hundred years  which  have
elapsed since its foundation, it has received and treated
51,116  patients, of whom 29,863 were upon the poor
list.
   Since  the  separation of the  two branches, in 1841,
13,829  have  been  admitted  to the  City Hospital, of
whom 9800 were poor; and 1878  into  the Hospital for
the Insane, of whom 466 were poor.
   In the year ending in May, 1851, the last year of the
century, the number received into  the City Hospital
was 1935, of whon 1416 were on the  charity list; and 
53
the average population of  the  house was 158, with 120
poor.   In  the  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  206 were  ad-
mitted  during  the  year,  53 of  them  poor;  and  the
average population of the  house has been 216.*

  * The following  statistics in relation to the insane who have been
treated in the Pennsylvania Hospital, extracted from the last report of
Dr. Thomas S. Kirkbride, the very efficient medical superintendent of
the department for the insane, will serve to complete the view here given
of the operations of the Institution.
  From the foundation of  the Hospital in 1751, to the date of the re-
port, January 1st, 1851, 6062 insane patients had been admitted  and
treated, of whom 1000 were on the charity list.  In the ten years which
had elapsed from the opening of the present buildings, 1806 patients
were received, of whom 448 were indigent Pennsylvanians, who were
supported at the cost of $67,410  46  to the income of the Hospital,  and
most of whom would have remained without treatment but for this chari-
table provision.  In addition to this number received without any charge,
666 were admitted at rates below the actual cost of their support;  and
those paying  most  largely had accommodations and advantages not pro-
curable  in private families, even at a much greater  cost.
  When the new house was first opened, 94 patients were received from
the City Hospital.   This number was gradually increased, till at one time
in the year 1850, 235 were under care; and the average number in  the
last year was 219, nearly filling the  house at all times, and often crowd-
ing it to its utmost  capacity.
  In judging of the efficiency of the treatment of the insane  by  the
statistical results,  it is  necessary to take into consideration the fact, that
all  classes  of insane persons are  received into the Institution, without
reference to the duration or curability of the disease.  It is obvious that
a much  smaller proportion of  these  will be restored to health than of
patients admitted while the disease  is still curable.   This statement,
however, refers only to the patients who pay more or less for their sup-
port.  The number of charity patients allowed to be in the house at one
time has been fixed  at 40,  which is as many as the  funds will allow.  In
relation  to these the  wise regulation has been adopted, to admit only recent 
54
   To complete this view of the beneficial operations of
the  Institution, it remains only to say that three hun-
dred medical students  have annually,  for several years,
been in attendance upon the practice of the house,  and
upon  the  clinical  lectures  delivered  there, yielding a
yearly revenue of three thousand dollars,  and enjoying
in their turn opportunities for improvement, the  benefits
of which to themselves and the several communities in
which they may practise their profession,  are quite in-
calculable.
   The  whole  expense  of  supporting the Institution,
from its foundation, not including the cost of the build-
ings, has been somewhat over one million  and a half of

and curable cases, and to retain them only for a limited period, or so long
as there may be a reasonable prospect of benefit.  By such a plan it is
very obvious that incomparably more good is effected than if the number
were allowed to be filled by incurable patients, who would remain an in-
definite length of time in the  Hospital, each one probably excluding  many
who might be restored to health.
   Of the 1806 patients received during the ten years from January 1st,
1841, to the date of the report, 213 remained, and 1593 had died or been
discharged.  Of the latter number the deaths were 176, the discharges
1417.  Of the persons discharged, 843 were cured, 137 much improved,
234 improved, and only 203 stationary.  Thus it appears that, upon an
average of all the admissions, about 53 per cent, are perfectly restored,
61 per cent,  either restored to health or greatly improved, and 76 per
cent, either cured or in some degree improved; which must be allowed to
be a large proportion, when the character of the admissions is considered,
and strongly evincive of the  favourable operation of the lenient mode of
treatment adopted in the house.   It is probable that, were recent cases
only admitted, considerably more even than the largest per centage men-
tioned would end in perfect recovery;  a strong argument in favour of an
early resort to Hospitals in cases of insanity. 
55
 dollars; and  the cost of each patient, on the average,
 has been thirty dollars; but it must be recollected that
 many chronic patients,  especially  of the  insane, were
 in the  house for months  and years, and  some  for
 many years;  and that the comparatively large expen-
 ditures on some of the wealthy insane who could  afford
 to pay, have contributed considerably to swell the gene-
 ral average.
   There is reason to believe that misapprehensions have
 prevailed to a greater or less extent in  the communify
 in relation  to  our Institution, which  have  in  some de-
 gree affected its popularity.   Upon these I would say a
 few words before we  part.
   In the first place, we not unfrequently hear it referred
 to as the Quaker Hospital;  and a disposition  has pro-
 bably existed, in some degree, to leave  the burthen of
 its support to those  who were supposed to enjoy  the
 honour and advantages  of controlling it.  Now, if  the
 fact that members of the Society of Friends have from
 its very embryo  state cherished  and  sustained it, and
 have at all times freely contributed money and personal
 service towards its  maintenance, entitles it to be con-
 sidered as  the Quaker Hospital, we must with all hu-
 mility submit to the sectarian designation; but that it
 is now or ever has been governed exclusively by Friends;
 that the peculiar views of this religious  sect have ever
 been especially inculcated or its interests consulted; that
 members of that Society have beyond their fair share
 reaped any of the honours and emoluments  connected
with it, is not true.   In looking over the minutes of the
Board  of Managers  for a century, I do  not  remember 
56
 once to have met with  a  reference to the Society of
 Friends.  Among the poor  admitted to its charity from
 the foundation to the present time, unless perhaps a few
 of the insane, I doubt whether there has been  a single
 Quaker.  Of the Physicians and Surgeons, and all other
 professional officers, by  far the  larger proportion has
 belonged to other sects; and, if a considerable number of
 the Managers have always been chosen from among the
 Friends, this has been owing  to  the confidence  reposed
 in them by the contributors, who  are of all sects, and all
 shades  of religious sentiment.  The  truth is, that the
 Institution is quite free from sectarian bias.  It is open
 indiscriminately to all.   Any  one, whatever may be his
 religious attachments, may become  a contributor; the
 contributors may elect whom they please as Managers;
 the Managers are bound, in  their  selection  of officers,  to
 be guided by qualification and not by profession of faith;
 and every patient in the  Hospital may have recourse  to
 the religious counsel or ministration of the clergyman
 of his own choice.   It is to be hoped, therefore, if aid
 has ever been withheld from  the Institution upon this
 ground, that the feeling may operate no longer; and that
 the willingness to  yield it support  may be as diffusive
 as its own charity.
  Another injurious impression is that the Hospital  is
 indisposed  to receive  the poor;  that patients  of this
 class find difficulty in gaining admission; that all  chronic
 cases of the kind are excluded; and that, in fine, it is a
great boarding house, managed with the view of making
profit out of the sick rather  than  to assist the destitute.
 Nothing can be more groundless  than this impression. 
57
  The fact simply is,  that  the  whole revenue  from all
.  sources is directly or indirectly applied to the  support
  of the sick poor.  It is well known that all recent acci-
  dents, if brought to the  door within twenty-four hours
  from  their occurrence, are admitted without question.
  All cases of  disease,  whether acute or chronic, are re-
  ceived, if it appears to the physician that they are sus-
  ceptible of relief.   The Institution is not an asylum for
  the support of the  destitute, but an Hospital for their
  cure  when diseased.   Patients who are altogether be-
  yond the reach of treatment are not admitted, because
  they  would  exclude  others who  might be  benefitted,
  and thus greatly narrow the  bounds of useful action.
  The only restraints upon  admission are those rendered
  necessary by the limited pecuniary means  of the  Hos-
  pital.  The reception of pay-patients is certainly  in no
  way injurious.  On the contrary, it is an extension of
  the charity.   They are charged little  more than is ex-
  pended on them;  and this  little, whatever it may be,
  goes to increase the  ability of the Hospital to receive
  the poor.  The pay-patient is thus better accommodated
  than  he would be at an equal cost in a private house;
  and at the same time is contributing to the support of
  others who are able to pay nothing.  The whole opera-
  tion of the Institution is beneficent.
     There  is  yet one  other point to which I would call
  the attention of the audience.   It is said that the  Hos-
  pital  is rich;  that it  needs no  further aid in the exten-
  sion of its charity.  This is a grievous error, and one
  calculated to do much evil  if uncorrected.   Let me
  state  the case  as plainly  as possible.   The capital of 
58
the Institution is a sacred fund, which cannot be  en-
croached on without a virtual violation of the charter;  •
without at least a violation of good faith towards  those
from whom that fund was derived; without a robbery
of the future for the benefit of the present.   It is only
the income which can be justly expended.  Well! that
income is expended; all of it; and it is expended exclu-
sively upon poor patients.  Of these it supports about one
hundred and twenty, exclusive  of the insane; and it
can support no more.  Much unoccupied space has been
gained in the Hospital buildings by the removal of  the
insane;  and still more will have been gained when  the
alterations now in progress shall be completed.   There is
or will be room for one hundred and fifty additional cha-
rity beds.  Now is it not a duty to fill  this empty space;
to prevent so great  a waste?   The expense of building
has been incurred;  the necessary interior organization
has been effected; additional patients will cost only their
food and medicine.  It is a  duty to  supply this void,
which is hungering and thirsting for the gifts of charity.
But to  whom does this duty belong  ?  To those, cer-
tainly, who can  afford  to give.  I  would press this
matter on the consciences of all who hear me.   Here
is a mode in which bounty can  be most efficiently be-
stowed;   the greatest amount of good produced at  the
least possible expense.   I do not ask for immediate con-
tribution.  But let the fact rest  in your  remembrance.
When your hearts may warm to benevolence under  the
smiles of prosperity; when gratitude for  the favours of
Heaven  may overflow in compassionate kindness for  the
unfortunate;  let the voice of this opportunity whisper 
59
its claims to your conscience; and, whether disposed to
give at once of your superfluity, or to  leave memorials
of a beneficent spirit behind you, do not forget the want
that is here crying out for relief.
   In thus urging the claims of this Institution, I would
not be understood as in the least degree disparaging those
of others whether in existence or in prospect.  I know
that there is a disposition abroad  for the establishment
of other Hospitals;  and there is room for more.  Hap-
pily it is one  of the glorious qualities of benevolence
that it expands the heart into which it is once admitted.
The glow of  satisfaction  which  follows a  good  deed
prompts to its repetition. Most happily, too, the warmth
of one bosom spreads a sympathetic warmth to others.
While advocating, therefore, the interests of our Hospi-
tal, I feel that I am advocating also those of charity in
general; and that, if these remarks are  fortunate enough
to strike one  spark  into the bosom of benevolence, it
may kindle  a  flame, which, by its genial warmth, may
contribute to  the bursting forth  of the buds of other
charities into flower and fruit.
   Finally, permit me to say; I do not ask your counte-
 nance for the Pennsylvania Hospital upon  any  mere
 secular grounds; I do not call upon your pride as citi-
 zens in an Institution which has long  been the boast of
 our town and State; I do not appeal to the associations
 which the very name must call up with  the great and
 revered who have in various ways been connected with
 it; I do not ask for the gratitude which the inestimable
 services of a century to this community might  seem to
 claim; I simply state that it affords you at this moment 
60
the opportunity of doing more good in proportion to the
cost than can perhaps be done  in  any other way; that
the streams of your charity, if directed towards  this
field of usefulness, will not be wasted through the po-
verty of the soil, but will find it well prepared to yield
richly under their vivifying influence. 
APPENDIX  I.
            CHARTER
                 OF THE

PEXXSYLYAXIA  HOSPITAL.
ANNO VIGESIMO QUARTO.

     GEORGII II. REGIS.
At a general Assembly of the Province of Penn-
  sylvania, begun and holden at Philadelphia.
  the fourteenth day of October, Anno Domini,
  1750, and from thence continued by adjourn-
  ments to the sixth day of  May, 1751.
An  ACT to  encourage the  establishing of an
  Hospital for the relief of the sick poor of
  this Province, and for the reception and care
  of lunaticks.

  " Whereas the saving and restoring useful Preamble.
and laborious members  to  a community, is a
work of publick service, and the relief of the
sick poor is  not only  an act of humanity but
a religious duty; and whereas there are fre-
quently, in many parts of this province, poor 
62
distempered persons, who languish  long  in
pain and misery under various  disorders of
body  and mind, and being scattered  abroad
in different and very distant habitations can-
not have the benefit of regular advice, attend-
ance,  lodging, diet,  and medicines,  but at a
great  expense,  and,  therefore often suffer for
want  thereof; which inconveniency might  be
happily removed, by collecting the patients into
one common Provincial Hospital, properly dis-
posed and appointed, where they may be com-
fortably subsisted, and their health taken care
of at  a small  charge, and  by the  blessing of
God on the endeavours of skilful physicians
and surgeons, their diseases may be cured and
removed.   And whereas it is represented to
this Assembly, that  there is a charitable dispo-
sition in divers inhabitants of this province to
contribute largely towards  so good a work, if
such contributors might be incorporated with
proper powers  and  privileges for carrying  on
and completing the same, and  some part of
the publick money given and appropriated to
the providing a suitable building for the pur-
poses aforesaid.
   "Therefore,  for  the  encouragement  of  so
useful, pious, and charitable a design, we pray
that it may be enacted,  And be it enacted,  by
the honourable James Hamilton, Esquire, Lieu-
tenant-Governor under the honourable Thomas
Penn,  and Richard  Penn,  Esquires, true and
absolute proprietaries of the province of Penn-
sylvania, and   counties of New-Castle, Kent 
63
and  Sussex, upon Delaware, by and with the
advice and consent of  the  representatives of
the freemen of the said province in General
Assembly met, and  by the authority of the
same, That  it shall and may be lawful to and subscribers
for all persons, each of whom shall have con- i™ineet.re
tributed or subscribed the sum of ten pounds
or more, towards  founding an Hospital, for the
reception  and relief  of  lunaticks, and  other
distempered and sick poor within this province,
or as  many of  them as shall think  fit to
assemble  and meet on the first  day of the
month  called July next; and  for all persons
who shall thereafter  contribute the like sum of
ten pounds  or more  (together with  the  said
first subscribers)  or  so many of them as shall
think fit to  assemble and meet on the second
day of the first week, in the month called May,
yearly forever, at  some convenient place in the
city of Philadelphia, then and there to elect by And to elect
managers
ballot, twelve fit and suitable persons of their and make
own number to be Managers of the said contri-
bution and  Hospital, and one other person to
be Treasurer of the same, until the next elec-
tion ; and farther, to make such laws, rules and
orders, as shall appear to them the said contri-
butors met, or the major part of them, to be
good, useful and necessary, for the well govern-
ing, ordering and regulating the said Hospital,
and for the regulation of the future elections
of  managers, treasurer  and other necessary
officers and  ministers thereof, and for  limiting
and appointing their number,  trust  and au- 
64
Rules to be
approved,
&c.
Contribu-
tors incor-
porated.
Corporate
name.
Limitation
of estate.
Money,
&c, ex-
pressly
given to
the capital
stock not to
be expend-
thority, and generally for the well ordering all
other things concerning the government, estate,
goods, lands, revenues, as also all the business
and affairs of the said  Hospital: All which
laws, rules, and orders, so to be made as afore-
said, shall be  from time  to time inviolably ob-
served by all concerned according to  the tenor
and effect of  them, provided they be not re-
pugnant to the laws of England or this govern-
ment, and are approved by the Chief Justice,
the Speaker of the  Assembly, and the Attor-
ney-General of this province for the time being,
under their hands and  seals.  And  the  said
contributors shall be, and are hereby made a
body corporate in law, to all intents  and  pur-
poses, and shall have perpetual succession, and
may sue, or be sued, plead, or be impleaded, by
the name of The Contributors to the Pennsylva-
nia Hospital, in all courts of judicature within
this province,  and by that name, shall and may
receive and take any lands, tenements, or here-
ditaments, not exceeding the yearly value of
one thousand  pounds, of the  gift, alienation,
bequest,  or  devise of any  person or persons
whomsoever;   and of any  goods or  chattels
whatsoever; and the said contributors are here-
by impowered  to have and  use one   common
seal in their  affairs, and  the same   at their
pleasure to change and alter.
  "Provided, nevertheless,  That no general
meeting of the said contributors, nor any  per-
sons acting under them shall employ any  mo-
ney or other estate,  expressly given or added 
65
to the capital stock of the said Hospital, in any *d, but its
        L                            .        interest
other way than by applying its annual interest onli-
or rent towards the entertainment and care of
the sick and distempered poor, that shall be
from time to time brought and placed therein,
for the cure of their diseases, from any part of
this province, without partiality or preference.
  " And for  the further encouragement of this when
                                  , ,   ,      2000/. is
beneficent undertaking, Be it enacted by the au- raised by
                       ,         . -.      .,   subscrip-
thoritii aforesaid, That when the said contnbu- tion, 2000/.
     ° d       7                 .            more to be
tors shall have met and chosen their managers ordered out
                                             of the trea-
and  treasurer as  aforesaid, and  shall  have «ury.
raised by their contributions, a capital  stock of
tiro thousand pounds  value (the yearly interest
or rent of which is  to be  applied to the ac-
commodating of the sick poor in the said Hos-
pital, free of charge for diet, attendance, advice
and medicines) and shall make the same appear
to the satisfaction of the Speaker of the As-
sembly for the time being;  that then it shall
and may be lawful for the said  Speaker of the
Assembly, and he is hereby required to  sign
an order or orders on the provincial treasurer,
or trustees of the loan-office, for the payment
of two thousand pounds, in two yearly pay-
ments, to the treasurer of the said Hospital, to
be applied to the founding, building, and fur-
nishing of the same.
  " And be it  further enacted  by the authority Accounts
              ^                "              to be made
aforesaid, That the  accounts of the disburse- wand
 •'      '                                    published
ments of the said two thousand pounds, so annually.
ordered by the Speaker of the Assembly afore-
said, or any part thereof that shall be hereafter
      5 
66
        expended, as the case may be, and of the rents,
        products and interests of any real or personal
        estates or sums of money charitably given to the
        use of the said Hospital, together with a list of
        such donations, shall be fairly drawn out and
        published annually in  the Gazette, or  other
        newspapers; and  the Managers  of the said
        Hospital shall at  all times, when required,
        submit the books, accounts, affairs, and oecon-
        omy thereof, to the inspection and free exami-
visitors to  nation of such visitors  as may from time  to
ed.appo"   time be appointed  by the  Assembly  of this
        province, to visit and  inspect the same.
          " Provided always,  and it is hereby  further
        enacted by the authority aforesaid,  That if  at
        any time hereafter, there should not be a con-
        stant succession of contributors to meet yearly
        and chuse managers as aforesaid, then the said
        Hospital,  and the estate  and  affairs thereof,
        shall be in the management, and under the di-
        rection of such persons as shall be from time
        to time appointed by act of General Assembly
        of this province for that purpose." 
II.
ABSTRACT OF THE RULES OF THE HOSPITAL NOW
                     IN FORCE.

   The Contributors  meet regularly every year, on the
first Monday in May, and elect a Board of Managers and
a Treasurer. They also meet at other times when called
together by the Managers, upon a notice of at least ten
days.
   The Managers meet upon the last Monday of every
month, and  at such  other  times  as they may deem
necessary to transact the business of the Institution.
   At the first meeting after their election, they choose
by ballot the medical  and other officers of the Hospital.
   A committee of two of the Board, called the Attend-
ing  Managers, is appointed monthly, whose business
is  to keep  a constant supervision over the concerns of
the Institution.  This committee attends at the Hospital
in the city twice every week, on Wednesdays and Satur-
days, at  10 o'clock A. M., and at the Hospital for the
Insane once a week, on Saturday afternoon.
   The Treasurer, after his election, gives sufficient se-
curity for the due performance of his office, and once in
three months, or oftener if required, renders his accounts
to  the Managers.

       Of  the Officers of the Hospital in the City.
  The Physicians, Surgeons, and  Obstetricians, are
chosen from  contributors to the Hospital, and must be
at  least thirty years of age. 
68
  They constitute a Medical Board, which has the power
to arrange the periods and succession of attendance at
the Hospital,  under general regulations made by  the
managers.
  One Physician, one Surgeon, and one Obstetrician are
on duty at the same time, the first two serving for four
months, the last for six months continuously in the same
year.   They attend  at the Hospital twice a  week, on
Wednesdays and Saturdays, from 10 to 12 o'clock in the
morning.   The attending Physician and  Surgeon also
visit the Hospital daily, at such hour as they may deem
most convenient.   Their duties are to admit patients, to
direct  their treatment, and to regulate their  respective
wards  in  all that concerns the well-being of the sick.
Each one of them is entitled to the  admission of eight
of his private pupils  to attend the practice of the house.
  Regular clinical  instruction is given  by them,  on
Wednesdays and Saturdays, to the  students  admitted
to the  Hospital.   They also have  the privilege of giving
clinical instruction to a class of private pupils, upon the
other days of the week, for which they may receive from
the pupils such compensation as they may deem proper.
Their attendance upon the patients, and clinical instruc-
tion to the general class of students on Wednesdays  and
Saturdays are gratuitous.
  The Resident Physicians are graduates in medicine,
reside in the house, and are severally elected for eighteen
months.  They have charge of the  patients  under the
direction of the attending Physician and Surgeon, carry
their prescriptions into effect, and execute the general
medical rules of the  house.  They are never  allowed to
be all absent from the Hospital at the same time.
  The Steward has the general care of the buildings and
grounds,  makes  purchases  for  the house,  keeps  an 
69
account of receipts and expenditures, and engages the
nurses, domestics, &c, whom he has the  power to dis-
charge.
  The Matron attends to the general  cleanliness  and
order of the house, and to the diet of the patients under
the direction of the medical attendants, has a general
control over the domestics, and jointly with the steward
takes care that the nurses perform their  duties properly.
  The Apothecary resides in the house, from which he
never absents himself without notice.  His duty is to
procure and prepare medicines, to put up  prescriptions.
and to keep his shop in proper order.
  The Clerk and Librarian performs such duties as
usually appertain  to the  office of clerk, and also takes
charge of the library, giving out the books to those who
may have the privilege to take them,  and seeing that
they are duly returned.
  Patients.   All  cases of surgical injury are received
at all times gratuitously into  the house, when brought
within  twenty-four hours after the occurrence of the
accident, and provided that the injury has been received
within the limits of the State of Pennsylvania.  Besides
these, 80  patients are admitted on the charity list,
40  in the medical wards, 31 in the surgical, and 9 in the
obstetrical. None are admitted with contagious diseases.
and none whose cases are deemed hopelessly irremediable.
After the free beds are filled, any patient,  if not affected
with contagious disease, may be admitted for a moderate
compensation.   No  unmarried woman  is received  into
the lying-in ward.   The  charity patients are retained.
after admission, until  recovery or death,  or  so long as
any hope remains of doing them good.
  Patients are not permitted to smoke in the wards, nor
to play at any game of chance on the premises, nor to 
70
use any alcoholic drinks unless by medical prescription,
nor are they or their friends allowed to introduce liquor
or provisions of any kind from without.
   No patient is  allowed to leave the Hospital,  while
under treatment,  unless by the special permission of the
physician and attending managers.
   If any patient  desire to see a Minister of the Gospel,
and the physician do not deem it improper, in reference
to the state  of his disease, that he should do so, the
steward  gives notice to the person whose attendance is
requested; but, except in such cases, religious exercises
are not conducted in the  wards.
   Visitors to the patients  and domestics are admitted
at stated hours and days in  the week  (Mondays and
Thursdays, from 3 P. M.  to sunset); but except on these
occasions, permission must be obtained from a manager;
and those admitted are not allowed  to ramble over the
house and grounds.

               Hospital for the Insane.
   The Physician is the official head of this department;
and, under the Board of  Managers, has the  general su-
perintendence and control of all the persons employed.
He resides on the premises, and devotes his whole time
to the Institution.  He has the whole direction of the
medical,  moral, and  dietetic treatment of the patients.
It is his  duty to report annually to the Board the ope-
rations of the Hospital, and their results.
   The Assistant Physician resides in the Hospital, and,
under the direction of the Physician, devotes his whole
time to its service.  He prepares  the  medicines and
superintends  their administration; keeps records of the
cases; remains as much  as  possible with the patients,
contributing  to their comfort and welfare; and keeps a 
71
watchful oversight of the attendants, so as to prevent or
report neglect or improper conduct.  He cannot absent
himself from the  Hospital without the knowledge and
consent of the Physician.
   The duties of the Steward and Matron are essentially
the same as those of the similar officers of the Hospital
in the city.
   Patients are admitted upon a certificate of insanity
signed by  a respectable graduate  in medicine, after a
written application from some near relative or friend.
Idiots and patients with the delirium of drunkards are
not received.
   Forty indigent  patients  are admitted on  the charity
list.  The conditions are that their  cases shall offer a
fair chance of cure, and that security be given by some
responsible resident of the City or County of Philadelphia
for their clothing while in the house, and their removal
when discharged.  They are admitted by the Attending
Managers,  for a period  not exceeding six months;  but,
if at the expiration of  that time, a reasonable  expecta-
tion of cure remains, their stay may be  protracted.
   Patients who are able to pay are  admitted by any one
of the Managers.  The rate of board is regulated by the
pecuniary means of the patients, and the kind of accommo-
dation required.   The lowest rate for residents of Penn-
sylvania is $3 50  a week, and for others 85 00.  None
are admitted for a shorter time than  three months, for
which period the board is required in advance; and, if
the patient is  removed within that period, without the
advice and consent of the Physician, none of the money
is returned.  When special attendance is required, they
are to be provided by the Physician of the Hospital, and
the expense charged to the  patient.  Security is in all
cases required from some responsible resident of the City 
72
 or County of Philadelphia for the payment of the board
 and other expenses.
   Visitors are admitted from 10 A. M. to sunset, on all
 days of the week except Sundays; but on the afternoon
 of Saturdays, they are admitted only upon special busi-
 ness with the Attending Managers, or one of the officers
 of the house.   They are not allowed to enter the wards
 occupied by the patients, without permission from the
 Physician, or in his absence from the Assistant  Physi-
 cian ;  and must be accompanied  in their visits by one
 of these officers or by the  Steward or Matron.   It  is
 expressly prohibited to furnish the inmates of the Hos-
 pital with tobacco in any form, and to receive or deliver
 any letter, parcel, or package, without  the approval  of
 the Physician.

                   Of the Library.
   The following persons are allowed to take books out
 of the library:   1. All who are entitled  to attend the
 practice of the Hospital, so long as this  right  continues;
 2. All who have paid twenty-five dollars in one sum for
 the privilege, and to  these it belongs  for life; 3. The
 Managers, Treasurer,  and  Physicians of  the Hospital,
 during their  service, and all of these for life who have
 served the Institution five  years;  and 4.  All officers of
 the Institution whom the Library Committee may direct.
 The right is in no case transferable.
   They who  have only a temporary right to  attend the
 Hospital are required to deposit ten dollars as security,
which is afterwards  returned.  Of those having a perma-
nent right this deposit is not required.   But every one
having the privilege of using the library must, before he
receives a book,  sign a conditional  obligation  for a sum
specified  by the Library Committee, as  security for his 
TO
observance of the rules of the library, and for the value
of such books as may be lost or injured by him.
  More than two books cannot be taken out at once with-
out permission from the Library Committee; and none
can be  kept longer than four weeks without being  re-
turned.  Fines  are  to be  paid for violations of these
rules;   and compensation  for  all  injuries and losses,
together with a fine if required.  The loss of one book
in a set is considered as the loss of the whole.   If com-
pliance with the rules is refused,  or gross misconduct
committed, the  Managers may declare the right of the
offender forfeited.
   The  Library Committee may grant the use of the
books to scientific men for a limited period, or on special
occasions;  but this  privilege is not to be extended to
more than six persons at the same time.
   Certain  specified works  of great value, or peculiarly
liable  to injury, are not permitted to leave the library
without a written order from a member of the Library
Committee; but facilities are given for their examination
at the Hospital.
   The  books are given out  by the  Librarian, every day
 (except Sunday) from 11J to 12 J o'clock. 
 
III.
           MANAGERS AND  TREASURERS.

The following is a list of those who have served as Managers and Trea-
  surers from the commencement of the Institution  to the present time;
  with the date of their respective elections, and the length of time they
  continued in office.
Managers.	Elected.	Resigned.	Served the Institution.
Joshua Crosby	1751	1755	4 years (died).
Benjamin Franklin	1751	1757	6 years.
Thomas Bond	1751	1752	1 year.
Samuel Hazard	1751	1754	3 years.
Richard Peters	1751	1752	1 year.
Israel Pemberton, Jr.	1751	1779	28 years.
Samuel Rhoads	1751	1781	30 years.
Hugh Roberts	1751	1756	5 years.
Joseph Morris	1751	1757	6 years.
John Smith	f 1751 1 1761	17561 1762}	6 years.
Evan Morgan	(1751 1 1753	1752} 1763 }	11 years.
Charles Norris	1751	1752	1 year.
	(1752	1756") 1762 I	
Isaac Jones	1 1760		15 years and 5 mo's (died).
	(1764	1773)	
John Reynell	1752	1780	28 years.
William Griffitts	1752	1753	1 year and 5 months.
Thomas Lawrence, Jr.	1752	1753	1 year.
Joseph Fox	1753	1756	2 years and 7 months.
William Grant	1754	1756	2 years.
Thomas Crosby	1755	1757	1 year and 11 months.
Daniel Roberdeau	(1756 1 1766	17581 1776 J	12 years.
Charles Jones	1756	1761	5 years.
Isaac Greenleaf	1756	1771	15 years.
Joseph Richardson, Mer't	1756	1770	17 years and 6 mo's (died).
Jacob Duchee	1756	1758	1 year and 9 months.
Plunket Fleeson	1757	1759	2 years.
Anthony Benezet	1757	1758	1 year.
John Sayre	1757	1758	9 months.
 
76
Managers.	E lected.
Stephen Shewell	1758
Thomas Gordon	1758
Samuel Mifflin	1758
James Pemberton	1758
Jacob Lewis	1759
John Mease	1760
Henry Harrison	1762
Thomas Wharton	1762
John Gibson	(1763 1 1767
Joseph Redman	1766
John Nixon	1768
Joseph Morris	1769
*Isaac Cox	1770
William Logan	1770
Thomas Mifflin	1771
Thomas Wharton	1772
Edward Penington	1773
Robert Strettell Jones	1773
George Roberts	1774
Thomas Fisher	1775
Joseph Swift	1776
William West	1776
Jacob Shoemaker	1776
William Morrell	1776
Samuel Powell	1778
Joshua Howell	1779
Samuel Pleasants	1779
Peter Reeve	1779
George Mifflin	1780
Thomas Franklin	1780
Tench Coxe	1780
Reynold Keene	1781
Jonathan Shoemaker	1781
Owen Jones, Jr.	1781
Isaac Wharton	1781
Josiah Hewes	1781
John Morton	1781
Adam Hubley	1782
Nathaniel Falconer	{1782 {1784 1783
Andrew Doz	
Thomas Moore	1783
Samuel Howell	1784
  * It appears from the minutes of the Bo
return from the Island of New Providence
Resigned.	Served the Institution.
1760	2 years.
1766	8 years.
1760	2 years.
1780	22 years.
1774	15 years.
1768	7 years and 10 mo's (died).
1776	3 years and 9 mo's (died).
1769	7 years.
1764} 1770 } 1767	3 years and 7 months.
	1 year and 1 month.
1772	4 years.
1781	12 years.
1776	5 years and 8 mo's (died).
1775	4 years and 6 months.
1773	1 year and 11 months.
1779	7 years.
1779	6 years.
1781	8 years.
1776	2 years and 3 months.
1776	1 year and 3 months.
1786	9 years and 9 months.
1778	2 years.
1781	5 years.
1782	6 years and 8 months.
1780	2 years.
1782	3 years.
1781	2 years.
1786	7 years.
1785	5 years and 2 mo's (died).
1783	3 years.
1781	1 year.
1790	3 years and 7 months.
1790	9 years and 1 month.
1795	13 years and 9 months.
1784	3 years.
1812	30 years and 5 months.
1785	3 years and 8 months.
1784	2 years and 4 months.
1783) 1790} 1788	6 years and 6 months.
	5 years.
1788	5 years.
1789	4 years and 5 months.
ard, that Isaac Cox was lost at sea, on his
, in the winter of 1775-6. 
I i
Managers.
Elected.  Resigned.
Served the Institution.
 1 year and 11 months.
 40 years and 4 months.
 8 years and 10 mo's (died).
 12 years.
 2 years.
 13 years and 6 mo's (died).
 35 years.
 17 years and 2 months.
 7 years.
 3 years and 5 mo's (died).
 29 years and 9 months.
 3 years.
 15 years and 11 mo's (died).
 3 years.
 5 years and 2 months.
 10 years.
 4 years.
 7 years.
 7 years.
 22 years.
 12 years.
 3 years and 4 months.
 16 years.
 6 years and 7 mo's (died).
 15 years.
 1 year and 10 months.
 5 years and 2 mo's (died).
 33 years and 2 mo's (died).
 19 years.
 3 years and 3 months.
 5 years and 3 mo's (died).
 4 years and 9 mo's (died).
 12 years and 5 months.

I 24 years and* 9 months.

  11 years.
 23 years and  9 months.
 5 years and 6  months.
  7 years.
  7 years and 10 months.
  7 years and 10 months.
 2 years.
  11 years.
 21 years and 3 months.
  13 years and 8 mo's (died).
  21 years and 2 months.
  18 years and 8 mo's (died).
William Hall
Samuel Coates
John Paschall
Thomas Penrose
Richard Rundle
Samuel Clark
Pattison Hartshorne
Elliston Perot
Bartholomew Wistar
Cornelius Barnes
Lawrence Seckel
William McMurtrie
Thomas Morris
Samuel M. Fox
Robert Wain
James Smith, Jr.
Israel Pleasants
John Dorsey
Robert Smith, Merchant
Zaccheus Collins
Paschall Hollingsworth
Richard Wistar
Joseph Lownes
Peter Brown
Edward Penington
Zachariah Poulson
William Poyntell
Thomas Stewardson
Thomas P. Cope
Reeve Lewis
Joseph S. Morris
 Samuel W.  Fisher
 Joseph Watson

 Mordecai  Lewis

 Israel Cope
 Thomas 5lorris
 Henry Hollingsworth
 Alexander Elmslie
 Matthew L. Bevan
 Joseph Johnson
 William L. Hodge
 Roberts Vaux
 Charles Roberts
 William W. Fisher
 Charles Watson
 John Paul
 1785
 1785
 1786
 1786
 1787
 1788
 1788
 1789
 1789
 1790
 1790
 1791
 1793
 1794
 1795
 1795
 1796
 1797
 1798
 1800
 1800
 1803
 1804
 1805
 1805
 1806
 1806
 1808
 1809
 1811
 1811
 1812
 1812
(1814
1 1828
 1817
 1817
 1818
 1820
 1820
 1820
 1822
 1823
 1823
 1824
 1824
 1825
1787
1825
1795
1798
1789
1802
1823
1806
1796
1793
1820
1794
1809
1797
1800
1805
1800
1804
1805
1822
1812
1806
1820
1811
1820
1808
1811
1841
1828
1814
1817
1817
1824
1818
1849
1828
1840
1823
1827
1828
1828
1824
1834
1844
1838
1846
1844 
78
Managers.	Elected.	Resigned.	Served the Institution.
Joseph R. Jenks	1827	1828	10 months.
Joseph Price	1828	1845	17 years and 6 months.
Alexander W. Johnson	1828	1848	20 years and 8 months.
John J. Smith	1828	1836	8 years and 7 months.
Bartholomew Wistar	1828	1841	13 years and 5 mo's (died).
Lawrence Lewis	1834		
James R. Greeves	(1836 1 1842 1838	1838	1 year and 7 months.
George Roberts Smith		1850	12 years and 4 months.
Nathan Dunn	1838	1842	4 years.
William B. Fling	1841		
Frederick Brown	1841		
Isaac Elliott	1841	1842	1 year and 2 months.
George Stewardson	1842		
Jacob.G. Morris	1844		
Mordecai L. Dawson	1844		
Clement C. Biddle	1846		
John Farnum	1846		
Mordecai D. Lewis	1848		
William Biddle	1849		
John M. Whitall	1851		
  Of the above, the  following were  the  successive Presidents  of the
Board:—
                           Years.
1. Joshua Crosby     .     .   4
2. Benjamin Franklin .     .   2
3. John Reynell ...  23
4. Samuel Rhoads     .     .   1
5. Peter Reeve   ...   5
6. Samuel Howell     .     .   3
7. Reynold Keen     .     .   1
 8.  Josiah Hewes
 9.  Samuel Coates
10.  Thomas Stewardson
11.  John Paul .
12.  Mordecai Lewis   .
13.  Lawrence Lewis.
Years.
 22
 13
 16
   3
   5
Treasurers.	Elected.	Resigned.	Served the Institution.
John Reynell	1751	1752	1 year.
Charles Norris	1752	1756	4 years.
Hugh Roberts	1756	1768	12 years.
Samuel P. Moore	1768	1769	1 year.
Thomas Wharton	1769	1772	3 years.
Joseph King	1772	1773	13 months (died).
Joseph Hilborn	1773	1780	7 years.
Mordecai Lewis	1780	1799	18 years and 8 mo's (died).
Joseph S. Lewis	1799	1826	27 years.
Samuel N. Lewis	1826	1841	14 years and 2 mo's (died).
John T. Lewis	1841		
 
IV.
                  MEDICAL OFFICERS.

The following are the names of the gentlemen who have served the Institu-
  tion as Physicians and Surgeons, in the order  of their appointment;
  together with the date of their resignation or death, and their respective
  periods of service.
Physicians and Surgeons.	Elected.	Resigned.	Served the Institution.
Lloyd Zachary Thomas Bond Phineas Bond Thomas Cadwalader Samuel Preston Moore John Redman William Shippen Cadwalader Evans John Morgan Charles Moore Adam Kuhn Thomas Parke James Hutchinson William Shippen, Jr. John Jones Benjamin Rush John Foulke Caspar Wistar Philip Syng Physick Benjamin Smith Barton John Redman Coxe Thomas C James John Syng Dorsey Joseph Hartshorne John C Otto Samuel Colhoun Joseph Parrish Thomas T. Hewson	1751 1751 1751 1751 1751 1751 1753 1759 (1773 {1778 1773 (1774 1 1782 1777 (1777 1 1779 (1778 1 1791 1780 1783 1784 1793 1794 1798 1802 1807 1810 1810 1813 1816 1816 1818	1753 1784 1773 1777 1759 1780 1778 1773 1777") 1783} 1774 1781") 1798} 1823 1778") 1793} 1779} 1802} 1791 1813 1794 1810 1816 1815 1807 1832 1818 1821 1835 1821 1829 1835	1 year and 5 months. 32 years and 6 months. 21 years and 8 mo's (died). 25 years and 6 months. 7 years and 6 months. 28 years and 6 months. 25 years and 2 months. 14 years and 1 mo. (died). 8 years and 11 months. 10 months. 22 years and 6 months. 45 years and 9 months. 15 years (died). 11 years and 11 months. 11 year and 1 mo. (died). 29 years and 10 mo's (died). 10 years. 16 years and 5 months. 22 years and 1 month. 17 years and 10 months. 4 years and 9 months. 25 years and 10 months. 8 years and 6 mo's (died). 11 years and 2 months. 22 years and 4 months. 5 years. 12 years and 8 months. 16 years and 5 months.
 
80
Physicians and Surgeons.	Elected.	Resigned.	Served the Institution.
John Moore	1820	1829	9 years.
William Price	1821	1823	1 year and 10 months.
John Wilson Moore	1821	1827	5 years and 3 months.
Samuel Emlen	1823	1828	5 years (died).
John Rhea Barton	1823	1836	13 years and 5 months.
John K. Mitchell	1827	1834	7 years.
Benjamin H. Coates Thomas Harris	1828	1841	12 years and 9 months.
	1829	1840	11 years and 9 months.
Charles Lukens	1829	1839	10 years and 3 months.
Hugh L. Hodge William Rush	1832		
	1834	1837	3 years and 5 months.
George B. Wood Jacob Randolph	1835 1835	1848	12 years and 10 mo's (died).
George W. Norris	1836		
Thomas Stewardson	1838	1845	7 years.
Charles D. Meigs	1838	1849	10 years and 10 months.
Edward Peace	1840		
William Pepper	1842		
William W. Gerhard	1845		
George Fox	1848		
Joseph Carson	1849		
 MEDICAL  APPRENTICES AND RESIDENT PHYSICIANS.
The Apprentices were Students of Medicine when indentured to the Hospital,
            and usually graduated before leaving it.
	From.	To.	Served.
Jacob Ehrenzeller	1773	1778	5 years.
William Gardner	1786	1791	5 years.
Edward Cutbush	1790	1794	4 years.
Samuel Cooper	1792	1797	5 years.
Thomas Horsefield	1794	1799	5 years.
George Lee	1798	1802	4 years (died).
James Hutchinson, Jr.	1799	1804	5 years.
Joseph Hartshorne	1801	1806	5 years.
Samuel C. Hopkins	1804	1808	4 years.
Thomas Bryant, M. D.	1806	1807	1 year.
Philip Thornton	1806	1808	1 year and 9 months.
Samuel Betton, M. D.	1808	1808	6 months.
John Wilson Moore	1808	1813	5 years.
Benjamin S. Janney	1808	1813	5 years.
Wm. P. C Barton, M. D.	1809	1809	4 months.
Samuel Colhoun, M. D.	1809	1810	1 year.
 
81
Theodore Benson
John Rhea Barton
William Price, M. D.
Benjamin H.  Coates
Jason O'B. Lawrence, )
  M. 1).
Warwick P. Miller
George Balfour
Tliomas H. Ritchie
Reynell Coates
Thomas Planner
Robert J. Clark,  M. D.
SoutheyII.Satchell,M.I).
Charles B. Jaudon, M. D.
From.	To.	Served.
18K) 1813	1813 1818	3 years (died). 5 years.
1813	1814	1 year.
1814	1819	5 years.
1814	1815	6 months.
1815	1819	4 years (died).
1818	1819	9 months.
1819 1819 1819	1S23 1823 1X20	,4 years. 4 years. 9 months.
1820	1821	9 months.
1*23	1824	,1 year.
1823	1X24	10 months.
  The three last-named gentlemen served for unflnished terms of preced-
ing apprentices.   From this time, it wan resolved to elect graduates  of
medicine only as
                   RESIDENT PHYSICIANS.
Caspar Wistar
Caspar Morris
John Rodman Paul
Charles -Mifflin
James  A.  Washington
George Fox
Ralph Ilammersly
Thomas Stewardson, Jr.
Georce W. Norris
Mifflin Wistar
Thomas S. Kirkbride
William W. Gerhard
James  A.  McCrea
Joshua M. Wallace
Henry II. Smith
John F. Meiirs
Alfred Stille
Anthony E. Stockcr
Edward Hartshorne
Moore Robinson
Samuel Hollingsworth
Ellerslie Wallace
Fitzwilliam Sargent
From.	To.	Served.
1824	182(5	2 years.
1824	1827	2 years.
1825	1826	5 months.
1X20	1828	2 years.
1827	1829	2 years.
1828	1X30	2 years.
IS 29	1830	1 year and 3 months (died).
1X30	1832	2 years.
1830	1833	3 years.
1832	1834	2 years.
1833	1X35	2 vears.
1834	1830	2 years.
1835	1X37	2 years.
183li	1838	2 years.
1S37	1839	2 years.
1S3S	1840	2 years.
183!)	1841	2 years.
1840	1842	2 years.
1841	1843	2 years.
1X42	1X42	^ months (died).
1842	1843	5 months.
1843	1X44	1 year.
1X43	1X45	2 years.
G 
82
	From.	To.	Served.	
John D. Logan	1844	1846	2 years.	
Robert P. Harris	1845	1847	2 years.	
Henry Hartshorne	1846	1848	2 years.	
Wm. McKennan Morgan	1847	1848	1 year and 4 months.	
Spencer Sergeant	1848	1850	2 years.	
Moreton Stille	1848	1849	8 months.	
James J. Levick	1849	1851	2 years and 3 months.	
Francis W. Lewis	1X49	1850	1 year.	
Wm. H. Gobrecht	1850	1851	1 year.	
William Hunt	1850			
Addinell Hewson	1851			
Richard A. F. Penrose	1851			
APOTHECARIES.
	From.	To.	Served.
Jonathan Roberts	1752	1755	2 years and 4 months.
John Morgan	1755	1756	1 year and 1 month.
John Bond	1756	1758	2 years.
James A. Bayard	1758	1759	1 year.
John Davis	1767	1768	7 months.
William Smith	1770	1773	2 years and 10 months.
Thomas Boulter	1773	1773	2 months.
James Hutchinson	1773	1775	2 years and 1 month.
James Dunlap	1775	1776	1 year.
Peter Yarnall	1780	1781	1 year and 5 months.
Gustavus F. Kielman	1781	1782	1 year and 4 months.
James Hartley	1782	1784	1 year and 3 months.
^Nicholas B. Waters	1784	1787	3 years and 1 month.
Graham Hoskins	1821	1823	2 years.
Robert Harris	1823	1824	10 months.
Samuel C. Sheppard	1824	1825	1 year and 2 months.
Newberry Smith, Jr.	1825	1829	4 years.
Franklin R. Smith	1829	1831	2 years.
John Conrad	1831		
  * From 1787 to 1821, the duties of the Apothecary were performed by the Medical
Apprentices. 
y.
STEWARDS  AND MATRONS  OF THE  HOSPITAL.
Stewards.
Matthew Taylor
*George Weed
♦Robert Slade
John Saxton
*John Story
Joseph Henszey

Francis Higgins

William Johnston
Samuel Mason
Isaac Bonsall
Allen Clapp
William G. Malin
From.	To.
1758	1759
1760	1767
1768	1769
1773	1776
1776	17X0
1780	1790
( 1796 1 1808	1803)
	1X13 |
1803	1808
1813	1820
1826	1830
1830	1X4!)
1849	
Served.
1 year.
7 years and 3 months.
1 year and 2 mo's (died).
3 years.
4 years.
16 years.

12 years and 3 mo's (died).

4 years and 8 months.
13 years.
4 years and 6 months.
18 years and 9 months.
Matrons.	From.	To.	Served.
fElizabeth (rardner	1751	1760	9 years.
Esther Weed	1700	1767	6 years and 8 mo's (died).
fMary Ball	1707	1768	1 year and 5 months.
fSaraii Harlan	1768	1772	4 years and 5 mo's (died).
Sophia Saxton	1773	1776	3 years.
Mary Story	1770	1780	4 years.
Deborah Henszey	1780	1790	10 years and 3 mo's (died).
Mary Falconer	1790	1795	o years.
Ann Henszey	1795	1790	9 months.
Hannah Higgins	(1796 1 1808	1X03 } 1813 }	12 years and 3 months.
Abigail Johnston	1803	1X08	4 years and 8 months.
Mary Mason	1813	1X20	13 years.
Ann Bonsall	1820	1X30	4 years and 3 mo's (died).
Margaret Clapp	1830	1X35	4 years and 5 mo's (died).
Margaret Robinson	1835	1835	4 months.
Elizabeth Clapp	1835	1X42	0 vears and 10 months.
Elizabeth Ilooton	1842	1848	6 years.
Harriet P. Smith	1848		
* These also acted as Apothecaries.
t These ladies acted also as Stewards. 
VI.
CONTRIBUTORS TO THE PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL,
               1751 to 1851.
A.
1751 1776	I William Allen, Esq., Chief Justice		$1269 33
1751	Stephen Anthony		26 67
u	John Armitt, cooper		53 33
1754	William Attwood		133 33
a	Alexander Allair		26 67
u	George Asbridge		26 67
((	Matthias Aspden		26 07
1755	Benjamin Armitage, Jr., smith		26 67
1759	Captain Henry Ash, mariner		26 67
1761	Martin Ashburn		26 67
u	Joshua Ash, Darby, Chester Co.		26 67
1764	William Ashbridge, Miller, Oxford Township		26 67
1707	Lawrence Anderson		26 67
1775	Joseph Allen		32 87
1781	Chamless Allen	£1 2s.	Qd-1 29 66
1786	(( a	10 0	
1785	Richard Adams		26 67
1786 1795	Joseph Anthony, merchant	10 0 100 0	q j 293 33
1780	Peter Aston		26 67
a	John Angres		26 67
1788	Thomas Affleck (in furniture)		40 00
1791	James Ash, Esq., Sheriff		26 67
u	Thomas Powell Anthony		26 67
1801	Robert Annesley, merchant		30 00
1806	Robert Adams, merchant		50 00
1809	John Ashley		100 00
1821	William Abbott, brewer		30 00
1832	Robert Andrews		27 00
1833	Thomas Astley		30 00
a	William V. Anderson, grocer		30 00
1841	Richard Ashhurst, merchant		26 67
u	Lewis R. Ashhurst, merchant		26 67
1845	Joseph B. Andrews, lumber merchant		30 00
((	William Ashbridge		36 00
 
85
1847  John Ashhurst
  "   William L. Ashhurst
B.
1751   Anthony Benezet
  "    John Bleakley, shopkeeper
  "    Dr. Thomas Bond
  "    Dr. Phineas Bond
1752   Daniel Benezet
1756     "      "
1752   John Bowman
  "    William Branson, merchant
1754   John Bayley
  "    William Ball, goldsmith
  "    William Bard, merchant
  "    John Baynton
1756 1754	Gunning Bedford, carpenter
u	Philip Benezet, merchant
a	John Biddle
u	Samuel Bonnel, smith
n	Thomas Bourne
a	Thomas Brooks, bricklayer
a	Jeremiah Brown
a	George Bullock
u	John Bringhurst, merchant
1765	ti n
1755	William Bradford
1761	a a
1755	John Bleakley, Sr.
it	Andrew Bankson
a	William Buckley
1786	u it
1756	Henry Bossier, innkeeper
u	George Bensell
It	Samuel Burge
1761	a
1750	James Benezet
  "    George Bryan
1758   John and Jacob Bankson
  "    John Bissell, smith
  "    Joseph Baker
  "    William Bingham, Sr.
1765
1759   John Bell
  "    Richard Blackham
1761   David Bacon, hatter
			?30 00
			30 00
			£20 67
			133 33
			66 66
			26 67
£15 0s. 13 0	0J, 0	1	74 66 32 00 133 33 20 67 26 07 26 67
10 0 23 0	0 0	}	88 00 26 67 40 00 20 67 26 67 26 67 26 07 26 67 28 80
10 0 21 0	0 11	}	82 78
3 0 7 0	0 0	}	26 67 53 33 26 67
10 0 10 0	0 0	}	53 33 26 67 26 67
15 4 25 0	6 0	}	107 20 48 70 48 70 20 67 20 07 27 07
20 0 16 6	0 5	}	96 85 26 67 26 07 20 07
 
86
1761	James Bringhurst, house carpenter				$26 67
a	Joseph Bringhurst, cooper				26 67
a	Matthias Bush				26 67
a	John Baily (furniture)				26 67
1762	David Barclay and Sons, London				466 67
a	Davis Bassest				26 67
1763 1775	Job Bacon, hatter a a	£10 3	0s. 6	0d.\ 8 J	35 75
1763	Abraham Bickley, merchant				40 00
1764	David Beveridge, merchant				53 33
1781	William Bingham	30	0	0 ")	
1791	a a	100	0	0	620 00
1797	a a	112	10	o j	
1766	Captain Richard Budden				26 67
it	Elias Bland (fire engine)				53 33
a	Timothy Bevan, London				226 67
1767	Clement Biddle, merchant	10	0	0 ~)	
1772	a a	12	4	2	63 22
1780	a a	1	2	6 j	
1768	Robert Bass				40 00
tt	John Bayard, merchant				26 67
1769	John Bringhurst, of Germantown				26 67
1770	William Barrell				26 67
1771	James Biddle, Esq.				26 67
tt	George Bartram				26 67
1773	Morris Birkbeck, of Great Britain				26 67
1775	Barnabas Barnes				36 98
tt	Edward Bonsall				26 67
1780	Hillary Baker				26 67
1786	Peter Baynton				27 20
a	Jacob Baker				26 67
it	Edward Bird				26 67
a	John Bartholomew				20 67
tt	William Bradford, Jr.				26 67
ti	Captain Thomas Bell				26 67
a	Robert Bridges				40 00
a	J. J. Burchell				26 67
a	Joseph Blewer				26 67
it	Daniel Byrnes				26 67
1787	Edward Brooks				26 67
1788	Cornelius Barnes				33 33
1793	Robert Buchanan, of Scotland				45 78
1794	David Breintnall				26 67
a	Frederick Boiler				26 67
1795	Samuel Baker, hatter				133 33
1797	Paul Beck, Jr., merchant	22	10	0 1	
1813	n a	11	5	0	140 00
1818	a a	18	15	o j	
 
87
1797   Peter Brown                      £10   Os. Od.
1799       "
1805       "
1797   Samuel Blodget
1798   Dr. Benjamin S. Barton
1799   Joseph Ball, merchant
1815        "        "
1799   Andrew Brown, printer
1800         "      "
1801   Robert Barclay, merchant
1810         "           "
1802   George Branner, milkman
  "    Anthony M. Buckley, merchant
  "    Samuel Brown
1803   John Bacon, merchant
1804   Jacob Beninghove, tobacconist
1807   Thomas Biddle, broker
  "    John Coates Brown, ship smith
  "    William J. Brown
  "    Curtis Bolton, merchant
1809   John Bolton, of Savannah
1818        "          "
1809   Matthew L. Bevan, merchant
1810   Horace Binney, Esq., attorney at law
1845         "      "           "
1812   Joshua Byron
1818   John R. Baker
1820   Charles Bird
1821   Joseph D. Brown
1845        "     "
1823   John Rhea Barton, M. D.
1824   Josiah Bunting, lumber merchant
1827   John Bell, M. D.
  "    Franklin Bache, M. D.
1828   Edward Burd
1832        "
1833  Theophilus E. Beesley, M. D.
1834  David S. Brown, merchant
  "    Jeremiah Brown, merchant
  "    William Henry Brown, merchant
1840  Frederick Brown, apothecary
1841  James H. Bradford, M. D.
 1X45  Clement C Biddle
1840  John B. Biddle, M. D.
1847  Issac Barton
 1X48  Jacob T. Bunting
 1849  William Biddle, apothecary
  «    T. Hewson Bache, M. D.
11	5	0		$98	66
15	15	o \	l	100 60	00 00
100 37	0 10	0 ) 0 I		366	67
52	10	o 1		513	33
140	0	0 i			
37 37	10 10	0 1		200	00
				133	33
				36 00	
				40	00
				30	00
				26	67
				30	00
				45	20
				30	46
				50	00
11 7	5 10	0 0	}	50 50	00 00
		$50' 200	}	250 50 50 58	00 00 00 00
		30 500	}	530 00	
				30	00
				50	00
				30	00
				30	00
		100 50	1	150 27 26 26 26 27 27 30 30 30 30 30 30	00 00 67 67 67 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
 
88
1851  Samuel Bettle, Jr.
  "   William Bettle
C.
1751   Thomas Cadwalader, M. D.
  "    Joshua Crosby, gentleman
1752   Thomas Crosby
1754   Samuel Caruthers, joiner
  "    William Chancellor, M. D.
       James Chattin, printer
       James Child, merchant
       John Church, of  Wicaco
       William Campfler, merchant
       James Clulo, potter
1754   Thomas Clifford,  merchant
1756         "          «
1754   William Coleman, merchant
1756         «
1754   Jacob Cooper
1756        «
1754   John Cresson,  whitesmith
  "    Matthias Culp, Innkeeper
  "    William Cooper
1755   John Coates
1756       «
1755   David Chambers, stonecutter
  "    John Coates, Jr., brickmaker
  "    Thomas Coates, Jr., brickmaker
  "    James Coultas, mariner
1764         "       «
1755   Concord Township (Chester Co.)
1762         «             «
1756   Samuel Cheeseman, shoemaker
  "    Matthew Clarkson
1766          "
1756   Benjamin Chew,  Esq.
  "    Thomas Carpenter
1757         "
1756   Redmond Conyngham
1757   Jonathan Cowpland, mariner
1758   Charles Coxe
  "    Samuel Chancellor
1759   William Clifton,  smith
1781        "       «
1799        "       «
1759   Peter Chevallier
1761   John Correy
				$30	00
				30	00
				66	66
				266	67
				120	81
				26	67
				26	67
				26	67
				99	05
				26	67
				40	00
				26	67
£10 42	0s 7	Od 5	•}	139	65
25 10	0 0	0 0	}	93	33
10 4	0 0	0 0	}	37 26 26 26	33 67 67 67
10 0	0 6	0 0	}	32 20 40 26	80 67 00 67
15	0	0	■)		
100	0	0	j	306	66
10 30	0 5	0 7	1	107 40	
				26	67
21 6	2 12	0 0	}	73 66	88 66
21 10	0 0	2 0	}	82 34 26 66 26	69 67 67 67 67
10	0	0	)		
2	5	0		62	67
11	5	0	J	65 26	06 67
 
S9
1701
1705
1781
1761
1772
1773
1761
1762
1772
1703
17(54
1705
1772
17(50
1771
  a
1772
1785
1795
1810
1772
  u
1773
George Clymcr, merchant.
•lames Chalmers, of Jamaica
Emanuel Carpenter, of Lancaster Co.
Daniel Clark
John Coxe, M. D.
Isaac Coxe
William Coxe, Esq.
Stephen Collins

-lames Cresson, carpenter
William Craig
Thomas Clifford
       tt
David Hayfield Conyngham
John Cadwallader
Samuel Coates
Joshua Cresson, merchant
Thomas Combe
Thomas Corbyn, John  Brown,  and")
  John Beaumont,  of  London, in
  medicine                       )
£10 0s.	Od	)	
10 17	11		863 72
3 0	0	j	53 33 26 67 20 67 32 40
10 0	0	)	
4 10	0		69 56
11 11	9	j	53 33
15 0 4 10	0 i)	}	52 00 26 67 53 33
17 4	5	1 j	- - -._
11 0	2		/o 2/
			32 00
			133 33
10 0	0	1	
11 11	9	1	
15 0	0		384 23
100 0	0	J	
7 10	0		
			40 00
			30 69
  "    Samuel Caldwell
  "    Curtis Clay
1787   Samuel Clark
1788   James Col breath
  "    Andrew Caldwell
1794   Samuel Coates, Jr.
446 66
1775	Joseph Crukshank, printer	11	4	0	1	
1781	ti u	1	15	0		
1785	a a	5	0	0	}	201 20
1796	a a	50	0	0	|	
1801	a a	7	10	0	J	
1776	Isaac Coates					66 66
1780	John Clark, a loan office certificate sold for					26 67
a 1781	Tench Coxe a	10 10	0 0	0 6	}	53 66
1782	Joseph Copperthwaite					26 67
1785	Josiah Coates					26 67
1786	William Cox, chairmaker					26 67
a	William Coxe, Jr., merchant					20 67
a	John Chaloner					27 20
27 20
20 67
26 07
20 07
20 67
26 67 
90
1794	John Reynell Coates					$26	67
1795 1802	Zaccheus Collins, merchant	£15 37	0s 10	. Od 0	■}	140	00
1797	Joseph S. Coates					26	67
1798	Josiah L. Coates					26	67
u	Samuel Cooper, M. D.					40	00
a	Charles Caldwell, M. D.					100	00
a 1819	John Redmond Coxe, M. D. a a a	22 3	10 0	0 0	}	68	00
1799	Rachael Crukshank					26 67	
1800	James Crukshank, book-seller					40	00
1801	Alexander Cook, soap-boiler					26	67
a	William Chancellor					50	00
1803	James W. Clement, merchant					30	00
1806	Eli Canby, merchant					40	00
a	Andrew Caldcleugh, merchant of N.	C.				50	00
a 1817	Lewis Clapier, merchant a a	37 37	10 10	0 0	}	200	00
1807	Thomas Clayton, hatter					40	00
a	Nathaniel Chapman, M. D.					26	67
a	Charles Chauncy, attorney at law					40	00
1809 1848	Thomas P. Cope, merchant a a	11 11	5 5	0 0	}	60	00
1810	Samuel Calhoun, M. D.					40	00
1813	Jasper Cope, merchant					30	00
a	George M. Coates, seedsman					30	00
a	Thomas Cadwalader					30	00
1815 1816	Turner Camac it			hi	!}	165	00
1815	Sarah Camac					60	00
1817	Israel Cope, merchant					50	00
a	Caleb Cresson					100	00
1819	Richard P. Cumming, coppersmith					30	00
a	John Coulter, merchant					44	00
1820	Benjamin Horner Coates, M. D.					26	67
1822	John Cooke, merchant					30	00
1826	J. Y. Clarke, M. D.					26	66
1831	Robert A. Caldcleugh					30	00
1833	Caleb Cope, merchant					30	00
1838	Thomas F. Cock, M. D.					30	00
1840	Allen Clapp, Steward Pennsylvania	Hospital				30	00
a	Andrew D. Cash, conveyancer					30	00
1845	Daniel W. Coxe					50	00
a	Edward Coles					50	00
a	John Curwen, M. D. (cases of stuffed birds), value					30	00
1847	Elliott Cresson					30	00
a	William Chancellor					30	00
1848	Robert Coleman					30	00
1849	Joseph Carson, M. D.					30	00
 
91
1849  Henry Cramond
1851  Charles Conrad
D.
1752  David Deshler
1781       "
1754  William Dowell
  "   Daniel Dupuy, silversmith
  "   Andrew Doz
1781       "
1754  Thomas Davis, merchant
1756         "         "
1754  Jacob Duchee, Esq.
1756       "      "
1754  Edward Duffield, watchmaker
1756         "            "
1763         "            "
1756  William Dilworth, carpenter
  "   John Drinker , bricklayer
1774
1757  David Davis (in lumber)
1758  Matthew Drason
1759  Robert Dixon, innkeeper
  "   Henry Drinker
1765        "
1796        "
1759  William  Denny
1761  Charles Dingee
1763  George Dillwyn, merchant
1765        "            "
1764  John Dickenson, Esq.
1765       "         "
1767       "         "
1772       "         "
1765   William Dickenson
1771   Sharpe Delany, druggist
17S7        «       "       (medicines)
1797        "
1771   Daniel Drinker, merchant
       Samuel Duffield, M. D.
1772   Benedict Dorsey, grocer
1807
1773   Joseph Dean
1782   Henry Diering, of Lancaster
17X5   Leonard Dorsey
   "    William Dawson
1786   John Donnaldson
		s30 00
		30 00
£15 Os. 1 10	Qd.} o j	44 00 66 66 26 67
10 0 1 10	0 ) 0 j	30 66
10 0 20 18	o 1 5 j	- 82 45
10 0 13 0	j} I 61 33	
10 0	0 i	1
6 15	0	58 00
5 0	o '	1
		26 67
10 0 15 0	o ; o ■	I 66 66 26 67 40 00 20 67
15 0	0 ■	)
19 6	4	[ 358 18
100 0	0	) 276 66 26 67
20 0 10 17	0 " 11	I 82 39
25 0	0 ~	|
6 10	0	I 185 06
25 0	0	
12 18	0	J 33 33
10 0	0 '	)
15 0	0	[ 266 67
75 0	0	26 67 26 67
15 0 18 15	0 0	I 90 00 30 90 30 00 26 67 26 67 26 67
 
92
1786
1787
1793
1794
1795
  a
1796
1798
1801
1812
1805
1807
  a
1817
1808
1809
1813
1815
1816
  n
1827
1833
  n
1844
1849
William Delany
John David, silversmith
John Dorsey
Andrew Douglass
Jonathan Dawes
John Dunlap, printer
Abijah Dawes
Robert Dawson, merchant
William Dillwyn, of Great Britain
       a               «
William P. Dewees, M. 1>.
Florimond Dusar, merchant
John Syng Dorsey, 31. D.
       a        a
Samuel F. Dawes, merchant
John Dayton
Jacob Downing
David Jones Davis, 31. D.
     a        a
Bernard Dahlgren
Isaac Davis, tanner
Nathan Dunn, merchant
Mordecai L. Dawson, brewer
William H. Dillingham, attorney at law
James  Dundas
$26 67
 27 00
				26	67
				26	67
				30	00
				133	33
				400	00
				40	00
£37 112	10s 10	0	}	400 50 00	00 00 00
14 18	1 15	3 0	}	87 30 30 50	50 00 00 00
11 11 LW	5 5	0 0	}	60 30 26 30 30 30 30	00 00 67 00 00 00 00
E.
1754  George Emlen, Sr., brewer
  "   Samuel Emlen
1760	a
1761	a
1781	a
1786	it
1794	a
1754	Jeremiah Elfreth
a	Thomas Ellis, glazier (in leady
it	Edward Evans, shoemaker
1755	Joshua Emlen
1756	Jonathan Evans
1762	a
1765	a
1758	Robert Erwin
1775	tt
1781	a
1758	James Eddy (in glass)
1761	Andrew Elliott
1766	Thomas Eastburn
266 67
13 10	0 ^	
9 12	0	
10 0 2 5	0 o	, 174 26
7 10	o	
22 10	o .	26 67 26 67 26 67 26 67
27 4	8 ~ 0	)
10 0		, 153 60
20 7	4	
10 0	0 -	)
10 0	0	>• 56 33
1 2	6	26 67 26 67 26 67
 
93
1771   John Evans, hatter
1781       "        «
1795       "        «
1773   Joel Evans
1781   George Emlen, Jr.
1785   Thomas Ewing
1804         «
1785   Paul Engle
1786   George Eddy
1787   Thomas Eddy
  "    John Elliott, druggist
1796   John Elliott, Jr., druggist
1798   Samuel Elam,  merchant of R. I.
  "    Robert Elam, merchant of G. B.
  "    Gcrvas Elam, merchant of G. B.
1800   Josiah Evans, plasterer
  "    Edward Evans, plasterer
1802   Nathan Eyre, tailor
1819        "        «
1803   Hugh Ely, merchant
1806   Joseph Bennett Eves, merchant
  "    Jonathan Evans, lumber merchant
1807   Charles C. Evans, carpenter
1809   Alexander Elmslie, merchant
1810   Ann K. Eyre
1813   31aria K. Eyre
1822   Samuel Emlen, M. D.
1826   Governeur Emerson, M. D.
1833   Isaac Elliott, conveyancer
  "    Charles Evans, M. D.
1840   Thomas Evans, apothecary
1845   Charles Ellis, apothecary
1847   Adam Eckfeldt
1850   George 31. Elkinton, soap-boiler                      30 00

                              F.
£10	0.s.	Od	'.")		
1	8	0		$90	40
22	10	0	)	30 33	90 11
10 5	0 0	0 0	}	40 26 26 26 40 30 50 50 50 26 26	00 67 67 67 20 00 00 00 00 07 07
10 7	0 10	0 0	}	46 30 100 27 30 50 60 40 20 30 30 30 27 30 30	66 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 00 00 00
1751   William Fishbourne                                40 00
  "    Joshua Fisher                      10  0  0
1804        "                             22 10  0
1751   Enoch Flower                      15  0  0
1756        "                             13  0  (
86 66

74 66
1751   Joseph Fox                        25  0  0  ")
1756        «                              7  6  1   r   112  81
1761        "                             10  n  0  )
1751   Benjamin Franklin, printer                          66  67
1752   Richard Farmer, M. D.                              26  67
  11    Solomon  Fussel, merchant                           26  67
1754   Hugh Forbes                                      20  67 
94
1754   William Franklin                   ......   $26 67
  "    AVilliam Fisher
1756         "
1772         "
1755   Standish Ford, innkeeper
  "    David Franks
1756   Plunket Fleeson
1759
1788         "
1758   Judah Foulke
  "    Samuel Fisher
  "    Lester Falkner
1759   John Franks
1764   Ferdinand Farmer
  "    Robert  Field
1765   John Fothergill, 31. D.
1768   Thomas Fisher
1772          "
1768   Captain Nathaniel Falconer
1795          "        "
1770   Caleb Foulke
1771   Samuel Fisher, Jr.
1781
1772   Thomas Forrest
1775   William Fisher, Jr.
  "    John Field, merchant
1785
1795        "         "
1775   Samuel Fisher, hatter
1776   Ludwick Falkenstine
1782   AVilliam Forbes
1785          "
1784   John Foulke, 31. D.
1785   Miers Fisher
1798
1786  William Folwell
1801          "
1786  George Fox
   "    Nalbro Frazer
   "    Joseph Few
1794  Samuel 31.  Fox, merchant
1795         "          "
1796  James C. Fisher, merchant
1801  John Folwell, merchant
   "    Samuel W. Fisher, merchant
 1802  Walter Franklin, attorney at law
 1807  Thomas W. Francis, merchant
 1808  Redwood Fisher, merchant
£10 0s.	Od.	")	
39 3	7		143 14
4 10	0	)	26 67 26 67
18 13	5	■)	
6 0	0		79 12
5 0	0	)	36 00 26 67 26 67 66 67 53 33 26 67 666 66
10 0 11 10	0 2	}	56 02
10 0 18 15	0 0	}	76 66 34 66
10 0 1 10	0 0	}	30 67 66 66 36 98
13 9	7	\ 1	
10 0	0		329 27
100 0	0	\	
			29 33 26 67
10 0 10 0	0 0	}	53 33 32 00
10 0 15 0	0 0	}	66 66
10 0 18 15	0 0	}	76 67 40 00 26 67 26 67
18 15 100 0	0 0	}	316 67 100 00 30 00 100 00 30 00 100 00 30 00
 
95
1X11  Robert Fielding, coach-maker      £187 10s.  Od.
] X12        "             "
1817        "             «
1X1!)  Samuel  Fox, brick-maker
1X24  William W. Fisher
1820  Samuel  31. Fox, 31. D.
1X29  William B. Fling
1X33  Stephen G. Fotterall
1X34  Alexander Fullerton,  Jr., druggist
1835  George Fox, 31. D.
1844  Samuel  T. Fisher
184;>  John Farnum, merchant
1848        "         «
1845  3Iary P. Fisher
1848  Frederick  Fraley
1751   Thomas Graeme, 31. D.                               53  33
  u    Isaac Greenleafe
37 10 0		$1600 00
375 00 0	3	50 00 50 00 30 00 26 67 30 00 30 00 20 67 30 00
$30 00 30 00	1	00 00 100 00 30 00
1759	n
1709	a
1751	William Griffiths
1750	a
1754	George Gray, brewer
a 1 7fifi	William Grant
11 OO 1754	Joseph Galloway
1756	a
1754	Isaac Garrigues
a	Joseph Gibbons
a	Walter Goodman
n	Thomas Gordon
1759	a
1754	Christian Grasshold,
  "   Robert Greenway
1755  Joseph Gray
  "   Nathaniel Grubb
  "   David George
  "   Joseph Gamble, of Barbadoes
  "   George Gray, Jr., Lower Ferry
1757  \Sebastian Graff
  "   John Goodwin, Jr.
1761  John Grandom, tailor
  "   John Gibson
1765
1709
1702  Lawrence Growdon, Esq.
  "   William  Gibbons
£20	0s.	Od	• ")		
15	14	0		101	95
2	10	8	s		
10 13	0 0	0 0	}	61 40	33 00
10 20	0 6	0 1	}	80	81
15 4	0 0	0 0		50 20 20 26	07 07 66 66
10 49	0 14	0 3		159 26 28 20 27 26 66 53 53 26 26	23 67 80 07 47 67 67 33 33 07 67
10	0	0	X		
7	4	0		52	50
2	10	7	j	133 40	33 00
 
96
1763	Jacob Graff, bricklayer				£20 67
1765	Lord Adam Gordon				43 60
a	Andrew Henry Groth				53 33
1769	William Gale, of Jamaica				213 33
a	Henry Hale Graham, of Chester Co.				20 07
1776	James Glenn				82 06
1783	Samuel Garrigues, Jr.				20 07
1780	Stephen Girard	£10	O.s	Otir	
1792	a	12	14	10	
1795	a	100	0	0	
1802	a	112	10	0	
1806	a	37	10	0	• 4227 31
1809	it	75	0	0	
1811	a	75	0	0	
1813	a	37	10	0	
1815	a	750	0	0	
1816	tt	375	0	o J	
1788	Samuel P. Griffitts, 31. D.				20 67
1790	Benjamin Gibbs				40 00
1795	Thomas Greeves, merchant				50 00
1796	Francis Gurney, merchant				30 00
a	Josiah Willard Gibbs				266 67
a	Thomas George, of Blockley				30 00
tt	Edward Garrigues, carpenter				27 00
1801	Peter Grellet, merchant				30 00
1806	Abraham 31. Garrigues, merchant				30 00
1807	William Gerhard, furrier				30 00
1812	Thomas Gilpin				50 00
a	Joshua Gilpin				50 00
1815	Simon Gratz, merchant				30 00
1817	John R. Griffiths, slater	18	15	o i	
1819	a a	7	10	o S	70 00
1818 1819	James R. Greeves, carpenter a a		sxf 10	00 i 005	90 00
1818	Samuel Gri scorn				30 00
1821	William Gibson, 31. D.				40 00
1835	William W. Gerhard, 31. D.				30 00
1836	Thomas George, iron merchant				30 00
1842	Benjamin Gerhard, attorney at law				28 00
1751	II. David Hall	£10	0*.	OrfO	
1754	a	10	0	0	
1766	a	10	0	°	146 66
1771	a	25	0	0	
1751	Adam Harker				26 67
it	Arent Hassert				66 66
 
97
1751	Joshua Howell	£10	0s.	Od.	1 y ■ J	
1750 1759	a a	4 20	0 0	0 0		$102 66
1772	a	4	10	0		
1751	John Hughes	10	0	0	)	
1756	a	21	0	2	[	130 14
1765	tt	17	15	11	)	
1752	Samuel Hazard, merchant					26 67
1754	Edward Hicks					26 67
a	Charles Harrison					26 67
tt	Michael Hillegas, merchant					32 53
a	George Hitner, shopkeeper					26 67
a	Enoch Hobart					26 67
a	Thomas Holland, merchant					26 67
a	Michael Holling, baker					26 67
a 1756	Samuel Howell, merchant a a	10 6	0 15	0 0	}	44 66
1754	William Hudson, farmer					26 67
1755	John Hatkinson					26 67
a	Hugh Hewes					26 67
1756 1764	William Hopkins a	18 5	5 8	2 0	}	63 09
1756	Thomas Hallowell, bricklayer					26 67
a	Joseph Hillborn, merchant	14	13	5	1	
1761	a a	10	0	0		383 12
1797	k a	119	0	0	i	
1756	Charles Humphreys					38 02
1757	Joshua Humphreys (in lumber)					26 67
a	Eleanor Hair					56 31
1758	John Head					53 33
a	Samuel House, merchant					26 67
a	Eden Haydock, plumber					26 67
a	Josiah Hewes	3	8	0	i	
1761	a	7	0	0	i	
1785	n	10	0	0	y	371 06
1795	a	100	0	0	I	
1808	a	18	15	0	j	
1759	James Hamilton, Governor					266 67
a	Benjamin Hooton					26 67
a	Robert Hamilton, of Manchester,	Eng.				53 33
a	James Humphreys					75 51
it 1705	Henry Harrison a	56 16	9 5	2 11	}	194 01
1700	William Henderson					72 00
1701	Andrew Hannis					26 67
a	Roger Hunt, Esq.					26 67
a	Jonathan Harbine					26 67
1702	John Hunt Adam Hoops					26 07 80 00
7 
98
1762	Richard Hookley				$72 00
a	John Hannum, Esq.				26 67
a	Abraham Hendrick				26 67
ti	Reuben Haines, brewer				133 33
1704	Benjamin Harnmet, London				133 33
1764	Henry Hill				72 00
1765	John Howard				26 67
tt	Amos Hillborn				43 45
a	Samuel Hudson, merchant	£16	6s.	5tf.")	
1772	a a	11	14	4	• 106 43
1781	a a	11	17	6 j	
1766	George Halneker				26 67
1768	William Hoffman, sugar-baker				26 67
a	Isaac Howell, brewer				26 67
a 1772	Francis Hopkinson u	10 4	0 10	1}	38 66
1768	James Hunter, merchant				27 33
1769	Benjamin Harbeson, coppersmith				26. 67
a 1775	Jacob Harm an a	85 7	0 18	1}	• 247 79
1771	Adam Hubley	10	0	0 1	
1772	a	11	11	9	- 84 23
1782	ti	10	0	o j	i
1771	Thomas Harpur				40 00
1772 1791	Samuel Howell, Jr. ti	11 5	11 12	9 ] 6 J	45 90
1775 1781	James Hartley a	12 1	8 2	3 6 i	36 10
1775	William Hall				124 80
a	Captain Robert Hardie				26 67
1781	Israel Hallowell				28 67
u	John Hood				27 00
1782	John Hubley				26 67
1783	Hugh Howell				26 67
a	Robert Haydock				26 67
1785	John Head, Jr.				26 67
u	Samuel Hodgdon				26 67
a	Godfrey Haga, merchant	10	0	0 ]	- 126 66
1795	a tt	37	10	0 J	
1785	Pattison Hartshorne, merchant	15	0	o 1	
1795	a a	100	0	0 I	- 306 66
1785	Levi Hollingsworth	20	0	0 ]	
1802	a	76	1	4 1	► 256 17
1786	Caspar Wistar Haines				26 67
a	John Hart	10	0	0 i	I 66 67 26 67
1805	u	15	0	" 1 0 I	
1786	Richard Hartshorne			J	
1787	George Hunter, 31. D.				29 10
"    Isaac Hazlehurst                                    26  67 
99
1787  Joseph Henszey                                  $32  00
1793  Jacob Hiltzheimer                                 26  67
1795  Anna Head (Stewardson)                          266  67
1796  Catharine Haines                                 266  67
  "   Isaac Harvey, Jr., merchant         £11  5s.  Od. \    Qn  act
1815        «             «             18 15   0   }    80  00
1797  Paschal Hollingsworth, merchant                    50  00
1798  Francis Higgins, Steward of P. H.    10  0   0   I    71  nq
1801         "              "           10 13   2   }     a  uy
1800  James Hutton, ironmonger                          26  67
1801  Adam Herkness, stonecutter                         26  67
  "   Thomas T. Hewson, 31. D.                          34  00
1803  Benjamin Horner, merchant          10  0   0.1     r~  fifi
1805          »           «             11  5   0   }   56  66
1806  Henry Hollingsworth, merchant                     40  00
  "   Reuben Haines                                  100  00
1807  Joseph E. Howell                                  80  12
  "   Philip Whitfield Harvey, of Dublin, printer          140  00
1810  Thomas Haskins, merchant                          50  00
  "   Robert E. Hobart                                  50  00
1811  Joseph Hartshorne, 31. D.                           40  00
  "    Benjamin B. Howell                                50  00
  "   Talbot Hamilton                                   30  00
1812  Joseph P. Horner                                  30  00
1821  Samuel Haydock,  plumber                           G^  91
1822  William L. Hodge, merchant                         50  00
  "   Rowland Parry Heylin, 31. D.                        20 67
1827  Hugh L. Hodge, 31. D.                              30 00
1828  Erskine Hazard                                    30 00
  "   Joshua Haven                                     33 00
  "   Thomas Harris, 31. D.                               30 00
1829  Robert 31. Huston, 31. D.                           26 66
  "   George Harrison                                  300 00
1831  William E. Horner, 31. D.                           30 00
  "    George Handy, hardware merchant                   30 00
1834   Hugh F. Hollingshead                              30 00
  "   James Hutchinson                                 30 00
  «    Richard Harlan, 31. D.                              30 00
1835  John Haseltine                                    30 00
1836   Thomas Hutchinson                                2 /  00
  «    John G. Hoskins                                   30 00
  «    William Harris, 31. D.                              30 00
1841   Joseph C Harris, broker                            30 00
1X43   Edward Hartshorne, 31. D.                           30 00
1845   Robert P. Harris, 31. D.                            30 00
  «    William Hembel                                  100 00
  "    J. Pemberton Hutchinson                    ^      50 00
  «    William E.  Hacker, merchant                830 \    6Q 0Q
1848            '•            "                   3°i 
100
1845
1846
1751
  a
1756
1751
1756
1765
1751
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1752
  a
1781
1754
1755
  n
1759
1781
1759
  a
1761
  a
  ti
1762
1765
  u
1768
  a
1770
1773
1774
1775
1795
1776
1779
Isaiah Hacker, merchant
Jeremiah Hacker, merchant
William R. Hanson
A. Fullerton Hazard, druggist
John Hinckle, butcher
I& J.
Derrick Janson
Charles Jones
      a
Abel James
Isaac Jones, Esq.
Robert Jenney, LL.D., Minister of
31atthew Johns, cooper
       a        a
John Jones, shoemaker
Robert Jones, of Lower Merion
Joseph Johnson, tinman
Joseph James
Joseph Jackman, of Barbadoes
William Jones
      a
Joseph Jones, of Plymouth
William Ibison
Captain Daniel Joy
Edward Jones, baker
Abraham  Judah
Jacob Jones, baker
Joseph Jacobs
John Jekyll
Jacob Joner, of Lancaster County
Richard Jackson, Esq., of London
Isaac Jones, carpenter
Robert Strettel Jones
John James
Owen Jones, Jr., merchant
      a           «
William Johnson
Matthew Irwin
  £15   Os. Od.
   61   0  4
   15   0  0
   13   0  0
   20  16  5
   10   0  0
   20  10  0
   20   0  0
   20   0  0
   22  10  7
   20   0  0
   20   0  0
   15   0  0
Christ Church
   10   0  0
     12  6
30  0   0
 3  0   0
$30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
26	67
66	67
202	71
13 15   3
25  0   0
130 19
394 75
 26 67

 29 62

 26 67
 26 67
 26 67
 26 67
 26 67

 88 00

 26 67
 26 67
 26 67
 26 67
 26 67
 26 67
 39 36
 26 67
 66 67
428 00
 26 67
 53 33
 26 67

103 40

 50 66
 28 46 
101
1784  Herbert Jones
1785  Ezra Jones
1786  Leonard Jacoby
  "   Norris Jones
1787  Dominick Joyce
  "   David Jackson, 31. D.
  "   Richard Jones
1788  John Johnson, of Germantown
1794  John Jorden, grocer
1795  Jonathan Jones,  merchant
1801  Isaac H. Jackson, merchant
1803  Thomas Jones, merchant
  "   James Jones, farmer
1807  Thomas C. James, 31. D.
1809  Joseph Jones
1813  Joseph Johnson, ship chandler
1817  Joseph L. Ingles
1819  Isaac C. .Tones, merchant
  "   Samuel T. Jones
1820  George W. Jones, painter
  "   Jonathan  Jones,  of Bordeaux
1822  Alexander W. Johnston
1826  Joseph R. Jenks, flour merchant
1831  George M. Justice
1841  William P. Johnston, 31. D.
1844  Watson Jenks, flour merchant
1846  John Jordan, Jr., grocer
1847   Caleb  Jones
  "   Antoinette Jordan
1848  David Jayne, M. D., druggist

                               K.

1751   Joseph King
1756        "
1751   Matthias  Koplin
1754   Peter  Keen, merchant
1786       "         "
1754   Mahlon Kirkbride
  "    Paulus Kripner, shopkeeper
  "    3Iarcus Kuhl
  "    Edward Kuhl
  "    3Iatthias  Kensil, innkeeper
1755   John Kearsley,  31. D.
  "    John Knowles (in lumber)
1765
1756   Edmund  Kearney
1759   Benjamin Kendal
1761   Henry Kepple, merchant
				§74	36
				26	67
				26	67
				26	67
				26	67
				28	62
				20	67
				120	00
				26	67
				66	66
				30	00
				26	67
				50	00
				26	67
				100 00	
				30	00
				40	00
				30	00
				30	00
				30	00
				300	00
				30	00
				30	00
				27	00
				30	00
				30	00
				30	00
				30	00
				30	00
				30	00
£10 27	0s. 0	Od 0	}	98 64	66 00
10 13	0 12	0 3	}	62 96	
				26	67
				26	67
				26	67
				53	33
				26	67
				80	00
20 15	0 0	0 0	}	93 34 34 53	33 66 66 33
 
102
1761   Philip Kinsey
1762   George Kreeble
1769   Reynold Keen, alderman
1775         "         "
1770   Adam Kuhn, M. D.
1786   John Kaighn
  "    Peter Knight
  "    Frederick Kuhl
1798   George Krebs
1801   Frederick Kisselman, merchant
  "    Reay King, merchant
1807   Elisha Kane, merchant
1814   Edmund Kimber
1818   Hartman Kuhn
1821   John Ken worthy, painter
1835   Thomas S. Kirkbride, M. D.
1841   Thomas Kimber, merchant
1751  Thomas Lightfoot
  "   Thomas Lawrence, Jr.
  "   Joseph Leech
  "   Jacob Lewis
1756       "
1758       "
1765       "
1752  Joseph Lownes
  "   Benjamin Loxley, carpenter (in work)
1754  William Logan
1755  John Luke, of Barbadoes
1756  James Lownes
  "   John Lynn
  "   Philip Ludwell, of Virginia
1757  Benjamin Lay
1758  William Lightfoot
1759  Jeptha Lewis, of Gwynedd
  "   Samuel Lloyd, merchant
1760  Samuel Lewis, carpenter
1761  Thomas Livezey, Jr.
  "   John Lukens, Surveyor-General
  "   Thomas Leech
1763  John Lownes
1764  Joseph Lancaster, joiner
1765  William Lloyd
1766  Christopher Ludwick, baker
  "   Georgh Legh, Vicar of Halifax, G. B.
1770  Ellis Lewis
1771  Captain Charles Lyon
			$26	67
			26	67
£20 9	0s. 9	0d.\ 2 1	78 36 26 66 26 30 26 30 40 30 50 30 30 30 40 26 26	55 00 67 66 •67 00 67 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 67 67
10	0	0 1		
13 2	0 0	° o 1	127 46	
22	16	o J	32 32 180 26 26 39 45 53 26 26 40 26 26 32 26 53 26 43 26 46 26 26	00 00 00 67 67 08 33 33 67 67 00 67 67 00 67 33 67 52 67 90 67 67
 
103
1775  Mordecai Lewis                    £12  6s.  Id. \
1781         "                           2  5   0
1786         "                          10  0   0  ^$1048  87
1792         "                         181   5   0
1795         "                         187 10   0
1780  George Logan, M. D.                                53  33
1785  Thomas Lieper                                     26  67
  "   George Ludlam                                     26  67
1786  Abraham Liddon                                   26  67
  "   Ebenezer Large                                     26  67
  "   Nathaniel Lewis                                    26  67
  "   William Lewis, merchant                            26  67
  "   William Lewis, attorney at law                       26  67
1787  Henry Land, 31.  D. (medicines)                      39  92
1791  Robert Lewis                                      40  00
1792  William Lucas                                     26  67
1794  Joseph Lownes, silversmith           10   0  0  \    ±q  qq
1810        "            "                7  10  0  j
1794   Seth Lucas                                        26 67
1795   David Lewis, insurance broker                        60 00
1796   Moses Levy, attorney at law                         40 00
1799   Joseph S. Lewis                    18  15  0  1    76 67
1801          "                           10   0  0  j
1802   Reeve Lewis, merchant                              50 00
  "    David Lee  '                                      42 00
1806   Mordecai Lewis,  Jr., merchant        18  15  0  \   1Qq qq
1817           "         "                18  15  °  i
1806   Samuel Neave Lewis, merchant       18  15  0  \   10q qq
1817         "           "               18  15  0  j
1810   Joseph Lea                                       f** 00
1812  Hannah Lewis, Jr. (Paul)                           100 UU
   "    Mary Lewis (3Ioore)                               !00 OU
1816  31ahlon Lawrence                   15  0   0  j    65 qq
1820
1816
1819

 1826  RenTLa'Roche, 31. D.                              30 00
       Lawrence Lewis                                   T? T?
       Charles Lukens, M. D.                             fO 00
       William Lynch, merchant                           ^ ^
       James Leslie, carpenter                             **  jjjj
   "   Robert Looney,  plumber                            «[J JJ"
   «   Isaac S. Lloyd, merchant                           **U uu
 1838  3Iordecai D. Lewis, merchant                *30 1    g0 qq
 1845          "        "                        50>    qo 00
 1840  John T. Lewis,  merchant                           ™ JJ«
 1843  Saunders Lewis, attorney at law                     *u ™
 1844  George T. Lewis
                                      7
Josiah H. Lownes                                  50 00
Joshua Lippincott,  auctioneer                        50 UU
James Lvle                                       ^0 00
1828
1829
1831
1832
30 00 
104
1845  Lyon J. Levy, silk merchant                        $30 00
  "   J. Smith Lewis                                     30 00
  "   Joseph S. Lewis                                    30 00
1848  William R. Lej&                                   30 00
  "   Robert M. Lewis                                   30 00
1851  Lawrence Lewis, Jr., for Reading Room Hosp. for Insane 30 00
  "   Robert M. Lewis, Jr.,         "            "        30 00
  "   Francis W. Lewis, M.D.                             30 00
  "   David Lapsley                                     30 00

                             31.
1751	Anthony Morris,	brewer	£75	0s.	Od	)	
1758	a	a	11	0	0	[	258 66
1761	a	a	11	0	0	3	
1751	Anthony Morris,	Jr.	50	0	0		165 56
1772	a		12	1	9	J	
1751 1763	Jonathan Mifflin, a	merchant u	33 66	6 13	8 4	}	266 67
1761	Rees Meredith						106 66
a	John Mifflin		25	0	0	")	
1765	a		16	5	11		141 02
1772	u		11	11	9	j	
1751	Robert 3Toore						66 66
a 1770	George Mifflirs a		25 15	0 0	0 0	}	106 66
1751 1762	Samuel Mifflira u		25 12	0 3	0 0	}	99 06
1751	Wright 31assey						26 67
a	William Moode						26 67
it 1756	Evan Morgan u		10 57	0 0	0 4	}	178 71
1751	Samuel Mifflin, of New Jersey						26 67
a	Joseph 3Iorris		15	0	0	)	
1754	a		54	15	4	f	198 05
1772	a		4	10	0	)	
1752 1765	Samuel Preston Moore a		30 23	0 6	0 11	}	142 26
1752	John Mease		10	0	0	)	
1758 1767	a a		10 1	0 5	0 0		62 66
1781	it		2	5	0	J	
1754	William Masters William Moore Thomas Maddox						72 00 66 66 53 33
	Joshua Morris, of Abington						53 33
	Christopher Marshall						40 00
	Hugh Matthews						26 67
	Leonard Melchioi	, shopkeeper					26 67
 
105
1754
1750
1775
1754
1756
1781
1754
1756
1755
1756
1755
1756
1757
1772
1756
  a
1781
1757
1758
  a
1765
1758
  a
1759
1765
1775
1760
1761
1781
1761
17(58
1779
17X1
17X15
1702
Charles 3Ieredith
Benjamin Mifflin
John 3Iifflin, Jr.
George Miller
Charles 3Ioore, hatter
James 31urgatroyd, merchant
Jacob Maag
Samuel 3Iorris, Sheriff
Joseph 31arriot
      a
Thomas 31aule
       n
Joseph Mather, miller
Luke 31orris
     "      (boards)
     a
William Morris, Jr.
Thomas 3Ioore
       a
John 31orris (lime)
John 31c3Iichael
Samuel 3Iorris, Jr.
       a
John 31alcolm, sailmaker
Samuel 3Iassey
Benjamin 31 organ
John 3Ioland, Jr.
Captain William 31orrell
Allen 31cLane, leather-dresser
Samuel 31orton, merchant
Samuel McCall
Edward 31ilner
Abraham 31ason, tailor
        a        »
Charles 3Ioore,  31. D.
John 3IcPherson
Robert 3Iorris, merchant
Mildred and Roberts, London
3k-Lean and Stewart
£10 0s.	6rf.*)	
20 18	5	$118 40
13 9	7 j	26 67 20 67 20 67 26 67 26 67 26 67
10 0	0 ")	
33 7	11	123 72
3 0	o 3	
10 0 40 6	0 | 6 j	214 20
12 10	0 1	66 66
12 10	0 j	26 67
32 15	10 ■)	
2 1	0	- 104 91
4 10	o j	57 60
21 0 2 10	2o]	62 69 53 33 53 33
15 0 16 5	1?)	83 46 26 67 26 67
20 0	0 ")	
16 5	11	- 133 76
13 17	4 j	26 67 30 66 26 67 40 00 26 67 26 67
15 0 0 15	S]	42 00 26 67 66 66
33 12	2 "	
5 0	0	
15 0	0	. 290 95
7 10	o	
4X 0	o ,	454 67 66 66
 
106
1764 1781	John Morton, merchant a a	£10 1	0s. 2	0d.\ 6 5	$29 66
1764	Peter Miller, conveyancer				26 67
n	Esther Mifflin				26 67
a	Edward Milner, miller				26 67
1765	Thomas Mayberry				43 51
a	John Mease, Jr.				32 80
ti	Cadwalader 31orris	16	5	11 )	
1772	a	11	14	5	78 04
1780	a	1	5	o j	
1765	John 31organ				26 67
a	Archibald 31cCall	20	0	0 ")	
1781	a	5	0	0 f	106 66
1805	a	15	0	o j	
1767	Thomas Mifflin	15	0	0 ■)	
1772	a	4	10	0 f	78 66
1773	u	10	0	o j	
1768	James McCracken				26 67
1773	Levi Marks				26 67
1775	Thomas Marriot, farmer				26 67
n	Samuel Miles				36 70
a	Benjamin Marshall				34 30
a	Joseph Mifflin				31 18
1780	Thomas Morris, brewer				26 67
1781	Blair McClenachan, merchant				85 92
a	Robert Morton				26 67
1784	John F. Mifflin				32 00
1785	Jonathan 31ifflin				40 00
1786	James Miller				26 67
n	31agnus Miller				26 67
n	John Marshall				26 67
ti	Thomas Murgatroyd				26 67
a	William 31c3Iurtrie				26 67
a	Samuel Meredith				26 67
1787	John McCulloch				26 67
a	James McCrea				26 67
it	Benjamin Wistar 3Iorris				26 67
a	Patrick Moore				26 67
1788	Christian Marshall, Jr.				53 83
a	Charles Marshall				53 82
1796	John 31orris, 31. D.				26 67
1800	Richard Hill 31orris				26 67
1801	Israel Maul, carpenter				53 33
a	Thomas Morris, Jr., brewer				30 00
a	Joseph S. Morris, brewer				30 00
a	Charles Marshall, Jr., druggist				30 00
1803	3Ialcolm 31cDonald, merchant				30 00
1804 1812	Sarah 31oore tt	25 18	0 15	n	156 66
 
107
1806
1807
1807
1809
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1810
1812
1815
1816
1817
1818
  a
1819
1820
1821
  n
1823
1825
1826
  a
1827
1831
1845
1834
1835
1836
1837
1841
  a
1844
  n
1845

  a
1846
1847
  a
1849
John 31orton, Jr., merchant
Gouverneur 3Iorris, of New York
John Miller, butcher
;30
 30
 15
 10
 10
 20
 10
 10
  5
John 3Iullowny
William Morrison, brewer
James 31ease, M. D.
John W. Moore, M. D.
Samuel Mason, Steward Penn. Hospital
George Morris
James J. Mazurie
Lloyd Mifflin
John 31oore, M. D.
William Montelius, tobacconist
Elizabeth Marshall, druggist
        a            a
J. K. Mitchell, M. D.
Stephen P. Morris, smith
' Charles D. Meigs, M. D.
Caleb B. 31atthews,  M. D.
John 31oss, merchant
     a        tt
Caspar Morris, M. D.
Thomas 3Iellon
 Samuel George 3Iorton, 31. D.
 George McClellan, M. D.
 Isaac P. 31orris, iron-founder
Jacob G. Morris
 Wistar 3Iorris, iron-founder
 Henry 31orris, iron-founder
 Thomas H. 31cAl lister, optician
 William Y. 31cAllister, optician
 Charles Moyer, druggist
 Israel 3Iorris
 Conrad 3Ieyer, piano manufacturer
 John  B. Myers
 William G. Malin, Steward Penn. Hospital
 Richard 31. 3Iarshall
£50 1
 25}
50
50
§40 00
219 00
y  no  oo
 60 00
 30 00
 50 00
 50 00
 40 00
 50 00
 30 00
 27 00
 30 00
 40 00

 75 00

 30 00
 39 00
 30 00
 30 00
100 00

 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
 30 00
1751
1763
N.
Isaac Norris, Esq.
£100
  24
Od.
0
330 67 
108
1751	Samuel Neave	£25	0s.	0c*. 1	
1756 1765	it a	23 21	0 0	° 11 I	$410 79
1769	a	85	0	o J	
1751	Charles Norris				66 67
a	John Nelson				26 67
a	Samuel Noble				26 67
1752	Peter Nygh				26 67
1754	John Nixon	10	0	0 ")	
1769	a	3	7	6 \	43 66
1781	a	3	0	o 3	
1760	William Neate, of London				266 66
1764	Richard Neave and Son, London				266 67
1786	Alexander Nesbit				26 67
a	Philip Nicklin				26 67
1794	31ary Norris				26 67
1813	Joseph P. Norris				50 00
1815	Henry Neill, M. D.				30 00
1818	George Nugent				100 00
1822	Lindsay Nicholson				40 00
1823	Joseph G. Nancrede, M. D.				27 00
1828	James S. Newbold				30 00
1833 1845	George W. Norris, M. D. a			£30 \ 50 J	80 00
a	Paul W. Newhall				30 00
tt	John Notman				30 00
1754 1759	0. John Ord, shopkeeper it a	£10 43	0s. 9	0d.\ 3 1	142 56
1758	Charles Osborne				400 00
1759	Daniel Offley, smith				26 67
1761	George Owen, hatter				40 00
1762	John Oseland				26 67
1766	Samuel Ormes, M. D.				26 67
1774	John Odenheimer, victualler				36 80
1796	John Oldden				266 67
1813	John C. Otto, M. D.				40 06
a	Griffith Owen, clock and watch-maker				40 00
      Thomas and Richard Penn (sons of
         Wm. Penn), an annuity of £40
         paid from 1762 to 1775
1751  Israel Pemberton, merchant
  "   Israel Pemberton, Jr., merchant
  "   Richard Peters, Esq.
560  0   0
1493 33
 266 67
 266 67
 133 33 
109
1751	James Pemberton, merchant	£25	0s.	0J.	)	
1756	a a	18	9	1		$119 21
1766	a tt	1	5	0	)	
1751	William Plumstead					66 66
a 1756	Edward Penington a	20 15	0 4	0 6	}	93 33
1751	John Pole					40 00
1752	Samuel Powell					133 33
u 1781	Thomas Paschall, hatter a a	10 3	0 0	0 0	}	34 66
1754	John Pemberton	25	0	0	}	74 66
1781	a	3	0	0		
1754	Oswald Peel					66 66
a	Joseph Parker					33 33
a	Richard Partridge, of London					53 33
a	William Parr, attorney at law					26 67
1756	John Palmer, bricklayer					26 67
a	Isaac Paschall					. 45 33
a	John Parrish, bricklayer					26 67
tt	Richard Pearne	10	0	0	}	38 75
1759	a	4	10	8		
1757	William Peters, of Concord (in lumber)					26 67
1758	Samuel Purviance					26 67
a	Isaac Parrish					26 67
tt	Joseph Paul, miller	10	0	0	}	30 07
1766	a a	1	10	0		
1759	Richard Parker					40 00
a	Samuel Powell					2X8 00
1761	Thomas Penrose	10	0	0	}	34 06
1781	a	3	0	0		
1761	James Penrose					26 67
a	John Paul, of Wissahiccon, miller					20 67
a	William Pusey, merchant					26 67
a 1770	John Potts, Esq.	15 25	0 0	0 0	}	106 66
1765	Charles Pettit					29 10
1766	Nathaniel Pennock					26 67
1767	Joseph Potts, merchant					266 66
u 1772	Samuel Pleasants a	20 11	0 10	0 2	I	84 02
1768 1781	Joseph Paschall a	10 1	0 2	0 6	}	29 66
1768	Samuel Potts					33 33
1770	Joseph Pemberton	30	0	0	")	
1772	a	11	10	2		141 25
1775	a	11	9	3	)	
1776	Thomas Parke, 31. D.					20 67
1780	Jonathan Potts, 31. D. (a loan office certificate for					
	£1000 sold for)					96 00
 
110
1781	Frederick Phile, 31. D.
1785	Timothy Pickering
a	John Pringle
1786	Elliston Perot
1795	tt
1803	tt
1804	a
1816	it
1786	Jeremiah Parker
1787
  a
1795
1787
1788
  a
1790
1795
1793
1794
1798
1794
  tt
1795
1795
  a
1799
1800
1801
  a
1804
1805
1807
1808
1810
1811
1814
  a
1815
1819
  a
1821
1822
Richard Parker
Michael Pragers
Ignatius Polyart
Derick Peterson
Thomas Penrose, Jr., shipbuilder
       a           a
Henry Physick
John  Penn
John  Penn, Jr.
John  Perot, merchant
    a        a
William Penrose
Philip S. Physick, M. D.
       a           ti
Elizabeth Coates  Paschall
Sarah Paschall
      a
Zachariah Poulson, Jr.
Thbmas Paschall, merchant
Edward Penington, Jr., sugar-refiner
Isaac  Penington, sugar-refiner
Israel Pleasants,  merchant
Joseph Paschall,  merchant
George Pennock, merchant
Abraham Patton, watchmaker
Henry Pratt
William Poyntell, merchant
Joseph Price, hatter
Samuel Parrish,  merchant
Thomas Palmer,  merchant
David Parrish
      ft
George Peterson
Henry Pemberton
Joseph 31. Paul
Joseph Parrish, 31. D.
Isaac  Parry, plasterer
William P. Paxson
William Price, M. D.
Richard Price, Jr., merchant
				$26 67	
				26	67
				26	67
£10	0s.	Od	• 1		
100	0	0			
22	10	0		423	33
7	10	0	1		
18	15	0	J	26 26 26	67 67 67
•				26 26	67 67
10 100	0 0	0 0	}	293 26 80 266	33 67 00 66
10 50	0 0	0 0	}	160 26	00 67
15 37	0 10	0 0	}	140 26	00 67
10 115	0 0	0 0	}	333 100 200 26 26 50 206 26 26 133 100 26 40 100	33 00 00 67 67 00 66 67 67 33 00 67 00 00
18 18	15 15	0 0	}	100 00	
				50	00
				30	00
				50	00
				40	00
				30	00
				30	00
				30	00
				30	00
 
Ill
1825  John Paul                                       $50 00
1834  Abraham L. Pennock                               30 00
 "    Sansom Perot                                     30 00
  "   Caspar W. Pennock, 31. D.                          30 00
1836  John Hare Powell (a calf)                          75 00
1837  William Pepper, 31. D.                     $30)   OQn nn
1845         "                                  200 {   Z6[) UU
1838  Edward Peace, 31. D.                               30 00
] 839  Joseph Pancoast,  31. D.                             26 66
1840  Isaac Parrish, 31.  D.                                30 00
1842  George Pepper, brewer                             30 00
1843  William Piatt, merchant                            30 00
1845  Clayton T. Piatt                                   30 00
  "   Hannah Paul                                    100 00
1846  Henry Pepper                                    30 00
1848  Charles Collins Parker, M. D.                        50 00
  "   Thomas H. Powers, chemist                         30 00
R.
1751	John Reynell
1756	a
1766	a
1751	Hugh Roberts
1756	a
1751	Joseph Richardson, merchant
1756	a a
1767	a a
1769	n a
1751	Francis Richardson
1763	a
1751	John Ross
1781	a
1751	John Redman, 31. D.
n	Samuel Rhoads
1756	a
1754	John Roberts, miller
1707	a a
1773	n tt
1754	Daniel Roberdeau
1756	a
1769	a
1772	a
1756	Peter Reeve
1760	a
1705	tt
1756	Francis Rawle
1758	a
1756	Joseph Redman
£40   0s. 0(7.")
  7   6   1^  562  31
173  11   4  )
 25   ?   ?  I    86  14
  /   6   1  }
 15   0   0  )
 11  18   5   I  480  79
150   0   0   f  48U  /y
  3   7   6  J


 »   »   g  }    4800
                 26  67
 10  x»   I  }    5006
 10   0   0  )
  2   0   0^    58  66
 io   o   o  3
 10   o   o

 "  10   8
  4  10   0
 32  12   3  ")
 25   0   0     197  09
 16   5  11  J
 11  18   5  )    65  10
 12  10   0  J    b°  ^
                 84  93 
112
1756 1758	Daniel Rundle a	£18 10	5s. 0	2c7. 0	}	$75 35
1756 1770	John Rhea tt	10 1	15 4	0 0	}	31 87
1757	Benjamin Rawle					26 66
1758	John Relfe					53 33
a	William Rush, blacksmith					32 00
a	Isaac Roberts, brickmaker					26 66
ti	John Rouse					26 67
it	John Rhobotham					26 67
1759	Thomas Robinson, merchant					28 80
1761	John Reily					26 67
1763	Christopher Rawson, of Halifax					81 38
a	Nicholas Rittenhouse, miller					26 67
1765	George Roberts					43 37
a 1767	Samuel Rhoads, Jr. a	16 1	6 5	5 0	}	46 85
1765	Thomas Ringold, of 31aryland					72 00
1766	Mary Richardson					53 33
1767	Thomas Rutter					53 33
a	Thomas Robeson					53 33
a	Thomas Riche, merchant					26 67
1768	Joseph Richardson, goldsmith	20	0	0	)	
1771	a a	1	0	0		60 00
1781	a a	1	10	0	j	
1770	Benjamin Rush, 31. D.	10	0	0	1	
1796	a	60	0	0	1	546 67
1800	a	3	15	0	f	
1808	a	131	5	0	J	
1786	Edward Russell					26 67
n	David Rittenhouse					26 67
1787	Richard Rundle	10	0	0	}	326 67
1796	n	112	10	0		
1788	James Read, flour merchant	10	0	0	)	
1791	a a	5	0	0		93 33
1793	a a	20	0	0	3	
1788	George Rutter (picture of Good	Samaritan), value				40 00
1789	William Rawle					32 00
1795	Robert Ralston, merchant					50 00
1800	John Redman, M. D.					562 43
1801	John Robeson, merchant					26 67
a	William Redwood		$40	' 00	")	
1802	" (in tea)		20	' 40		100 40
1808	n		4C	> 00	j	
1802	Samuel Rhoads, merchant					30 00
1806	Jacob Ridgway, merchant					500 00
1813	James Rush, M. D.					40 00
1814	William Rogers					50 00
1815	Samuel Richards					30 00
 
113
1821
1822
1823
1828
1845
1828
1831
1845
1X35
1841
1843
1845
1849
1851
31ark Richards
Hugh Roberts
Charles Roberts
William Rush, 31. D.
       a
Jacob Randolph, 31. D.
David Rankin, grocer
     a      a
Romulus Riggs
Solomon W. Roberts, civil engineer
Elihu Roberts, merchant
Caleb C Roberts, merchant
John J. Ridgway
3Irs. Hugh Roberts
Richard Ronaldson
Nathaniel Randolph
$301
 15 j

100}
100 }
 $40 00
 100 00
  30 00

  45 00

  30 00

 200 00

  26 67

  80 00

  30 00
 100 00
5000 00
  30 00
1751
1756
1751
1756
1751
1756
1752
1766
1752
1756
1754
1760
1754
  a
1765
1772
1786
1754
1756
1754
S.
John Smith
    a
Samuel Sansom
      a
Edward Shippen
Thomas Stretch
Thomas Say
     a
Christopher Sauer
       a
Peter Sonmans, 31. D.
William Shipley, victualler
William Shippen, 31. D.
       a
Stephen Shewell, baker
       a        tt
Joseph Shewell, baker
Jacob Shoemaker, Jr., wheelwright
Samuel Smith, merchant
      it         a
William Smith, tanner
Robert Smith, carpenter
Isaac Snowden, tanner
William Stanley
3Ioses Stanley
Joseph Sonnard
James Stoue
£50   0   0
   7   6   1
 15   0   0
   7   6   1
10  0  0
30  7  5
25  0  0
10  0  0
10
13
10
10
10  0  0
16  6  5
 4 10  0
10  0  0
10  0  0
 4  0  0
}
0  0  1
0  0}
o  o  i
o  o  }
152 81

 59 47

 20 67
 26 67

107 66

 93 33

 32 00
 26 67
 61 33

 53 33

 20 67


108 85


 37 33

 26 67
 20 67
 20 67
 26 67
 20 67
 26 67
 26 67 
114
1754 1761	James Stevenson a	£3 7	0 0	0 0	}	$26 67
a	Daniel Steinmetz, baker					26 67
a	Samuel Swift					26 67
it	Valentine Stanley					26 67
1755	Jacob Shoemaker, smith					26 67
1756	Joseph Saunders	38	12	7	")	
1761	a	5	0	0		159 80
1765	a	16	5	11	3	
1756 1765	Joseph Stretch a	36 21	14 0	o 0 11	}	154 02
1756	Attwood Shute					34 66
tt	Amos Strettell	13	0	0	}	481 50
1766	it	173	11	4		
1756	John Stamper, Esq.					133 33
a	Joseph Stamper	20	0	0	i	
1765	a	12	14	6		117 93
1781	a	1	10	0		
1758	Edward Shippen, Jr.					26 67
a	William Shute, tallow-chandler					26 67
a	Thomas Saltar, lumber-merchant					26 67
a	James Stoops, brickmaker					26 67
a	Enoch Story	10	0	0	}	64 58
1765	a	14	4	5		
1758	Walter Shee, merchant					40 00
1759	Barnaby Shute					80 00
a	John Scott, merchant					53 33
1760	John Smith, of Kingsessing					26 67
a	Joseph Sermon, smith	10	0	0	}	77 73
1792	a it	19	3	0		
1761	John Shoemaker, of Cheltenham					26 67
a	Richard Smith, merchant					66 66
n	Joseph Sims	10	0	0	]	
1765	a	10	18	4		91 00
1772	a	11	14	2		
1781	it	1	10	0	J	
1761	John Casper Stivers					26 67
1762	Jedediah Snowden					32 00
a	Jonathan Shoemaker					26 67
a	George David Sickle, butcher	10	0	0	}	53 33
1775	a a	10	0	0		
1764	Jonathan Shoemaker, smith					26 67
a	Adam Straker, smith					26 67
1765	John George Snyder					26 67
1766	William Shippen, Jr., 31. D.					37 33
1767	Jonathan B. Smith					26 67
a	Samuel Southall					66 66
1768	William Sitgreaves, merchant					26 67
a	Samuel Sansom, Jr.					32 00
 
115
1771	Joseph Shippen, Jr.					S26	67
n	Joseph Stout					26	67
a	Robert Stevens					20	67
ti	James Stewart, merchant					20	67
1772 1777	Joseph Swift a	£11 20	14s. 0	An. 0	,}	84	58
1774	Samuel Simpson					26	67
1775	Philip Syng					40	00
1776	Jacob Spicer, of New Jersey					80	00
1780	Benjamin Say, 31. D.					27	00
1792	George Shoemaker, blacksmith					26	67
1784	John Swanwick					40	00
1785	Leonard Snowden					26	07
a 1795	Lawrence Seckel, merchant a a	10 100	0 0	0 0	}	293	33
1785	James Smith, Jr.					26	07
1786	Samuel Shaw					27	40
a	Robert Stevenson					40	00
1787 1795	Robert Smith, merchant a a	13 100	10 0	0 0	}	302	66
1787	Townsend Speakman					26	67
1794	Joseph Sansom					26	67
a	Thomas Stewardson					60	00
1795	William Sansom, merchant	100	0	0	}	400	00
1802	it a	50	0	0			
1797	Jacob Shoemaker					100	00
a	Buckridge Sims					47	73
1799	Charles Shoemaker Esther Sprague, of Dedham, Mass.					20 62	67 00
1800	Willet Smith, merchant					28	00
1801	Thomas Shoemaker, merchant					26	67
a	John Simpson, merchant					50	00
n	James Skerrett, blacksmith	10	0	0	■)		
1810	a u	13	2	6		99	33
1819	a a	13	2	6	3		
1802	Thomas Stewart					40	00
a	William W. Smith, merchant					30	00
a	James Stokes, merchant					41	00
a	James Smith, merchant					30	00
1803	Stephen Smith, merchant					20	67
a	Philip Smith, grocer					30	00
1806	George Smith, merchant	37	10	0	?	120	00
1809	a n	7	10	0	$		
1807	Thomas Shipley, merchant					30	00
a	James Stewart, 31. D.					27	00
a	John J. Smith, merchant					50	00
ti 1811 a	Daniel Sutter, grocer a << Tr.l>n fiovnffo. merchant	18 11	15 5	0 0	I	80 30	00 00
 
116
1812	James Sawer		£50 00
1814	William Schlatter, merchant		50 00
a	Samuel Spackman, merchant		30 00
1814-	)		
to	>■ Ann Saunders, teacher		205 00
1831	)		
1815'	Joseph Allen Smith		30 00
1816	John Stack		30 00
tt	Charles J. Sutter		30 00
1817 1846	William A. Skerrett a	$30 >	35 00
1818	Edward James Stiles		30 00
1819	Nathan Shoemaker		26 67
1820	Samuel Sellers		30 00
1821	James Schott		30 00
1830	John Struthers, marble-mason		30 00
1833	Blakey Sharpless, bookseller		30 00
1834	Samuel L. Shober		26 67
a	Benjamin P. Smith		30 00
a	John W. Shoemaker		26 67
1835	Thomas Stewardson, M. D.		30 00
a	Rebecca Simmons		30 00
1837 1845	George Roberts Smith a	30) 2005	230 00
1842	James Schott, Jr.		30 00
a	George Stewardson		30 00
a	Rev. Edward J. Sourin		26 67
1843	Alfred StillS, 31. D.		30 00
1844	Henry Seybert		30 00
a	Joseph Swift, broker		30 00
1845	Alexander H. Smith		50 00
a	Isaac Starr		30 00
1846	John Sergeant, attorney-at-law		100 00
1847	Henry H. Smith, 31. D.		30 00
1848	C. E. Spangler		30 00
a	Robert W. Sykes		30 00
n	John Siter, merchant		30 00
1849	31oreton StillS, 31. D.		30 00
1851	William Struthers, marble-mason (four vases),	value	150 00
a	Joseph P. Smith		30 00
                              T.

1751  Robert Tuite
1752  Joseph Trotter
1754  Christopher Thompson
  "   Peter Turner
  "   Thomas Tillbury, baker
1750         "       "
	53 33
	26 67
	40 00
	20 67
10 0s. Od.7 13 1 4 C	61 51
 
117
1755  John Tinker, Governor of the Bahama Islands         $53  33
1756  John Taylor                                       34  66
  "   Charles Thompson                                108  56
1761  Joseph Thomas, Flour Inspector                      32  00
  "   Joseph Turner, Esq.                               133  33
1764  Robert Towers                                    26  (57
1765  John Test                                        26  07
1767  James Tilghman                                   53  33
1775  Alexander Todd                 £11 13s. 10c7.?    q4  17
1781         "                          1  2   6  5
1780  DeanTimmons                                    53  33
1781  Robert Towers, 31. D. (in medicines)                  26  67
1785  Daniel Tyson                      JO  0  0  7   1(.Q  qq
1788       "                           50  0  0  5
1786  Peter Thompson,  Jr., Scrivener       10  0  0  ?    31  66
1803         "           "               1 17  6  S
1787  Andrew Tybout                                   55  20
1788  John Thompson,  merchant                          26  07
1789  Richard Truman                                   26  67
1795  Joseph Thomas, attorney-at-law                     266 66
1799   Henry Toland, grocer "                            26 67
1801   Richard Tunis, merchant            115  0?    80 00
1806         "         "                18 15  0  5
1801   Rev. James  Taylor                                50 00
1802   Godfrey Twells, brewer                             26 67
1810   James Traquair                                   49 05
1814   Jonah Thomson,  merchant                          50 00
1X15   James B. Thompson                               30 00
1817   George Thum                                    40 00
   "    Edward Thompson, merchant                      ^u uu
   "    William Thackara                                 40 00
   "    James Allen Thackara                             30 00
1819   A. B.  Tucker, M. D.                              40 00
1820   Benjamin Tucker, teacher                          fv UU
1844   Thomas T. Tasker, iron-founder                      ^0 UU
   «    William P.  Tatham                                *" 00
1845  George Thomas                                   ^ UU
   «    Jacob 31. Thomas                                 ^ 00
 1847  John Towne                                     ^u uu

                              U.

 1769  Abraham Usher                    100  0  0  J   302 60
 1775        "                          13  9  7  5
1756  William Vanderspiegel              13  0  0  ?    45 33
1760            "                        4  0  0  5 
118
1761  John Vanderen
1785  John Vaughan
1786  William Von Phul
1796  Ambrose Vasse, merchant
1799  William Vicary, mariner
1802         "          "
1806         "          "
1808         "          "
1819  Roberts Vaux
1826  George Vaux
1837  F. A. Vandyke, 31. D.                               30 00
W.
1751   Casper Wistar
1762        "
1751   Joseph Wharton, cooper
  "    Townsend White, merchant
  "    Robert Willan
1752   John Wistar
  u    James Wright
  "    Daniel Williams, baker
1756        "           "
1754   Charles West
  "    John Wier
  "    Abraham Wagner
  "    Robert Wain, merchant
  "    Richard Wistar
1756         "
1754   Joseph Watkins
1765        "
1754   George Westcott, brazier
  "    Charles West, Jr., cooper
  "    Anthony Wilkinson, carver
  "    Joseph Wills, clockmaker
  "    Edmund Winder
  "    Jacob Winey
  "    Joseph Wood, merchant
  "    Peter Worrell
1755	Jeremiah Warder,
1781	ti
1756	William Wallace
n	Thomas Wharton
1759	a
1756	James Whitehead
a	James Wharton
1757	a
1772	it
		$26 67
		26 67
		26 67
		266 66
£10 0s.	oj.-]	
11 5 26 5	° 0 1	146 66
7 10	o J	30 00 30 00
50 0 25 0	0 0	}	200 00 133 33 26 67 26 67 53 33 53 33
10 0 27 14	0 0	}	100 53 33 33 26 67 26 67 26 67
20 0 7 18	0 5	}	74 45
20 0 10 0	0 0	}	80 00 26 67 26 67 26 67 26 67 26 67 26 67 26 67 28 80
15 0 3 10	0 0	}	49 33 26 67
24 18 10 0	5 0	}	93 12 26 67
28 12	3	")	
10 0	0		133 86
 
119
1756
1764
1756
  a
1761
1758
1766
1758
1775
1759
  a
1761
1702
1761
1762
1768
1702
1763
  a
1764
1765
1767
1768
1770
17(59
  a
1775
1771
17X1
1772
  a
1775
  a
1785
Joseph Wharton, Jr.
         a
StephenWooley
Samuel Wharton
       a
William West, merchant
       a         a
Stephen Williams
Swen Warner
James Wallace
William Wishart
       a
Daniel Wistar
Joseph Warner
James West
      a
Richard Wain
John Wood, clockmaker
Thomas Willing, Esq.
John Whitelock
Isaac Whitelock
John Wikoff
 James Webb
 John Wilcocks
10
10
25
oo
?}
0  0
0  0
25
10
Joseph Watkins, Jr.
Joseph Wetherill
Rev. George Whitfield                5
    Do.    proceeds of charity sermon
              preached at St. Paul's
              Episcopal Church    169
Thomas Wliarton
Thomas Wagstaff, of London (a watch)
James White
Richard Walker
Robert Wickersham                  10
        a                          10
Joseph Watson, 31. D.
William Wistar
Anna Warner
Thomas Wishart, chandler
John Wharton
      a
Benjamin Wynkoop
Jeremiah Warder, Jr.
Richard Willing
Isaac Wharton
°o}
0  0
0  0
110  0  0
 13 15  3
10  0   0
 3  0   0
10  5  7
10  0  0
160 00
 26 67
 26 67
 26 67
 54 07
 53 33
 26 67
125 33
 26 07
 26 67
 66 66
 41 80
 68 40
 26 67
 26 67
 93 33
 32 00
 26 67
465 86
 to 6'1
 45 33
 2(5 67
 20 07
 53 33
 26 67
330 03
 40 00
 20 67
 34 66
 30 90
 32 23
 27 40

 54 07 
120
1775   William Whitpain, carpenter                         $80 00
1776   Noah Webster (lectures for benent of Hospital)          93 66
1780   Charles Wharton, merchant          £10  0s. Od.")
1781         "            "               3  0  0V   234 66
1795         "            "              75  0  0   )
1782   John Wall                                         29 66
1784   Samuel Williams, cabinet-maker                       26 67
1785   Christian Wirtz                                     26 67
  "    William Wirtz                                      26 67
  "    William West                                      26 67
  "    Thomas Wistar                                     26 67
  "    Israel Wheelen                                     26 67
  "    Nicholas Wain                                     133 33
1786   Gideon Hill Wells                                  26 67
  "    Jesse Wain                                        26 67
  "    John Warner, whalebone-carver                       26 67
  "    Henry Wynkoop                                    26 67
  "    Solomon White                                     26 67
  "    Robert Wharton                                    40 00
  "    Philip Wager and George Habacker                    53 33
  "    Lambert Wilmer                                    26 67
  "    James Wilson, shopkeeper                            26 67
  "    Charles West, Jr.                                   26 67
  "    Robert Wain, Jr., merchant          20  0  0   "|
                                        181  5  0    I   8fio oo
                                        TOO  O  O    f   8bd 66
1792	a
1797	a
1803	a
1786	Sarah Wistar
1795	a
1787	Samuel Whee
100  0   0
 22 10   0  J
 20  0   0
100  0   0
320 00
                                                         26 67
  "    Bartholomew Wistar                                 26 67
1788   Richard Wistar                                     26 67
  "    John Warder                                       53 33
1791   Bryan Wilkinson                                    57 60
  "    Caspar Wistar, 31. D.                                26 67
1795   Kearney Wharton, merchant                          50 00
  "    Caspar Wistar, of Chester County                    100 00
  "    Catharine Wistar, Jr.                               100 00
  "    George G. Woelpper, butcher         10  0   0  )    f;i rfi
1796        "            "                9  7   6  S
  "    James Woodhouse, 31.  D.                            100 00
1797   Dr. John White, druggist                             40 00
1798   Andrew Wood                                     120 00
1799   Martha Whitelock                                  100 00
1801   William Wister, merchant                           100 00
  "    William Wain, merchant                            100 00
1802   James Wood, merchant                              30 00
1803   Jeremiah Warder, Jr., merchant                      30 00
1806   John G.  Wachsmuth, merchant                       50 00 
121
1806   Alexander Wilson, merchant
  "    Thomas 31. Willing, merchant
1806   John Watson
1807   William Warner, merchant
  "    Benjamin C. Wilcocks, merchant
1808   Samuel Williamson,  silversmith
1810   George S. Wilson
  "    John Wister
  "    Charles J. Wister
1811   Henry L. Waddell
1812   Joseph Watson, lumber-merchant
1814   Israel Whelen
1816   Jacob S. Wain, Jr.
  "    Edward Wilson
1817   Benjamin West (picture of Christ Healing the Sick)*
1819   Richard Wistar, Jr.
1821   Thomas Wildon
  "    Silas E. Weir
  "    Bartholomew Wistar
1824   Caspar Wistar, 31. D.
  "    Charles Watson,
1825   George B. Wood,  M. D.                      $30?
1845             "                                500$
1828   Henry J. Williams,  attorney-at-law
1832   David Woelpper, Sr., butcher
  "    Jeremiah Willets, plasterer
1833   Josiah White
1834   Captain William West, mariner
  "    Henry White
1835   31ifflin Wistar, 31. D.
  "    Joseph Warrington, 31. D.
1840   Joshua 31.  Wallace, 31. D.
  "    John Wistar, lumber-merchant
  "    B. Wyatt Wistar, merchant
1841   Richard Willing
1844   Charles Willing, 31. D.
1845   Horatio C.  Wood, merchant
  "    John R. Worrell
  "    William Welsh
1846   Samuel Welsh
  "    David Woelpper, Jr., butcher
  "    George Woelpper, butcher
1848   Robert F. Walsh
  "    William Weightman, manufacturing chemist
  "    Thomas H. White
1851   Richard D. Wood, merchant
  "    John 31.  Whitall

   * The gross proceeds of its exhibition from 1818 to 1848 were §23,820 75.
$40 00	
100	00
176	25
30	00
50	00
83	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
40	00
40	00
50	00
35	00
35	00
26	67
50	00
50	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
530	00
26	07
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
27	00
27	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
30	00
20	07
30	00
30	00
 
122
                             Y.

1755  Francis Yarnall                                  $26  67
1756  Thomas York                                     38  02
I754-j
 to  I William Young, potter (in earthenware)               88  00

1781  Peter Yarnall, M. D.                               27  33
1785  Ellis Yarnall, merchant            £10  Os.  Od.)   16Q  Q0
1795        "        "                 50  0   0  j
1807  Samuel Yorke                                    30  00
1813  Benjamin H. Yarnall, ironmonger                    30  00

                             Z.

1754  Lloyd Zachary                                    80  00
  "   Isaac Zane                                       40  00
  "   Jonathan Zane                                   26  67
1759  Nathan Zane                                     26  67
1777  Isaac Zane, Jr.                                  133  33
1792  William Zane                                    50  00
                 031ISSIONS  AND ERRORS.

1758  Robert Lewis (inserted above 1791)  £15  0s.  Od, }   ft4g  qq
1781        "              "             2  5   0   j   ^
1758  Andrew Read                       5  0   0")    26  67
1760        "                            5  0   0]
1773  John Woolmer                     6  16   0   \    07  9n
1774        «                            3  8   0   }    -1  ™
1786  Thomas, Samuel, and 31iers Fisher                  160  00
1787  John Todd                         3  0   0
1789      "                            7  0   0
}
1799  Christlieb Bartling                     $25 79)
                                                      26  67


1817          "                             13 33 J   39  12
1810  Peter Brown, additional                  25 06 \  19q  79
           "       previously (see 1797)        98 66)  A-°^
1822 to 1827   Lawrence and Brown, tailors                 57  36
1828 to 1831   James Brown, tailor                        40  00
                 FR03I ASSOCIATIONS, &c.

1751  Thornbury Township                             $26 67
1762  31iddletown Township, Chester Co.                  150 66 
123
1758  Union Fire Company              £25
1763          "
1789          "                        5
1759  Friendship Fire Co.
1786  Concert in German Reformed Church
Os. 0d.~)	
10 0 V	$81 33
0 0 J	
	26 67
	110 95
FR031 PERSONS UNKNOWN.
1752
1760  A. B., of Maryland
1761  Per T. Rudolph
1762   "  Alexander Lunan
1765   "
1760   "        "
1771
1785  Per Jonathan Shoemaker
1789
1791
1796  T. H., Jamaica, W. I.
1798  A patient
1802  A friend to Hospital
1807      "        "
1X15      "        "
1827      "        "
1850      "        "
1851  D. J.
$26 67	
20	07
26	07
26	67
26	67
26	67
26	67
120	00
40	00
131	64
393	33
40	00
1300	00
300	00
100	00
100	00
30	00
400	00
 
124
    VII.

LEGACIES.
1761   31ary Allen, mother of Chief Justice Allen          $266 66
  "    31ary Andrews, ground rents valued at               533 33
  "    31argaret Asheton                                  26 67
1765   Hannah Allen                                     26 67
1770   Robert Allison, Lancaster County                   266 66
1775   Enoch Abrahams, Radnor                           53 33
1776   Aaron Ashbridge                                  80 00
1777   Caleb Ash, butcher                                31 33
1803   Caleb Ash                                       200 00
1812   Susanna P. Abington                              250 00
1816   George Aston                                    400 00

                             B.

1761   John Baldwin                                    133 33
1765   William Bromwich                                 53 33
  "    George Benzel                                     80 00
  "    General Henry Bouquet                           106 66
  "    Christopher Brown, Queen Ann's Co., 31aryland (re-
        ceived from 1765 to 1776)                      1333 33
1766   Daniel Bornemann, Philadelphia Co.                  16 00
1770   James Bright, hatter                               80 00
1773   William Bettle                                    66 66
1807   John Blakey                                     266 66
1843   Pierre Antoine Blenon (received from 1843 to 1851)  1700 00
1849   Paul Beck, Jr.                                    975 00

                             C.

1755   Joshua Crosby                                    266 66
1760   Henry Croyder, Lancaster Co.       £20   0   0   )   inn Qn
1762        "             "            17 16   9   }   1UU °a
1761   Rebecca Cooper                                    53 33
1765   Thomas Campbell                                  26 67
1769   William Coleman, Esq.                            133 33 
125
1772   Charles Cress                                    $400 00
177::   John Roberts Cadwalader, of Whitpain                13 33
1785   Deborah Claypoole, £6 per annum                   266 66
1806   Samuel Cooper, 31. D. (received from 1806 to 1812)   2415 76
1814   William Chancellor                               1000 00
1817   Hannah Clarke                                    50 00
1819   Nathaniel Curren                                  133 33
1821   Robert Correy                                    500 00

                              D.

1701   Peter Dicks                                .      133 33
1766   3Iatthew Drason                                   66 66
1769   Peter Delage                                      106 66
1770   31ary Dougherty                                   13 33
  "    John Davi3, of Darby                              133 33
1771   Gilbert Deacon                                    26 67
1774   Jacob Dubree                                     133 33
1782   Esther Duche                                     133 33
1801   William Dawson, Jr.                               133 33
1820   William Dawson, brewer                           400 00
1808   Andrew Doz (received from 1808 to 1844)           5028 89
1811   Christian H. Denckla                              200 00
1812   John Descamps                                   500 00
1820   Elizabeth Dawson                                  100 00
1832   Dorothy Dale                                     390 00

                              E.

1767   Hudson Emlen                                   106 66
1771   Rachel Emlen                                    133 33
1775   Christian Edel                                     13 33
1824   John C Evans, carpenter                           400 00

                              F.

1790   Robert Fleming (received 1790 and 1791)            487 66
1800   Benjamin  Fuller                                  400 00
1808   Captain Nathaniel  Falconer                         133 33
1810   Thomas Fisher                                   100 00
1815   Sarah Falconer                                    80 00
1821   Anthony Fothergill                                100 00

                              G.

1702   Thomas Griffin, of Bucks Co.                        26 67
17(55   Samuel Grubb, of  Chester Co.                       133 33
1772   Tsaac Greenleafe                                  206 00
  "    3Iichael Gross, of  Lancaster                          30 00 
                             126


1808  Thomas George
1817  3Iargery Ged
1828  John Grandom
1832  Stephen Girard
1835  Ann Guest

                             H.
1765  Elizabeth Hinmarsh
1769  Edward Hill, of Berks Co.
  "   Charles Harrison, of Boston
1770  Philip  Hulbert
1785  31ichael Hutchison
1795  Reuben Haines
  "   31argaret Haines
1813  Samuel Howell
1815  Isaac Harvey
1822  Josiah Hewes
1824  Godfrey Haga
1836  Elizabeth  Hampton
1768  Richard Johnson
1770  Mary Jacob
I& J.
K.
1772	Conrad Kelmer
1801	Peter Knight
1803	Robert Knox, mariner
1808	John Keble (received from 1808 to 1851)
1776	L. William Logan
1778	Mary Loveday
1782	Joseph Lownes
1795	Samuel Lewis
1796	Hannah Lownes
1800	Mordecai Lewis
1803	James Logan, merchant
1805	Christopher Ludwig
1823	Josiah H. Lownes
1835	31ahlon Lawrence
$200	00
300	00
2925	00
29250	00
487	50
13	33
266	66
2040	00
53	33
133	33
266	66
266	66
266	66
1200	00
1200	00
1000	00
61	25
133	33
26	67
26	67
533	33
266	66
26915	17
266	66
133	33
26	67
266	66
26	67
266	66
1333	33
266	66
500	00
292	50
31.
1762  James McCulloch
1765  Samuel Mickle
23 91
66 66 
127
1765
1766
1768
1774
1775
1776
1778
1789
1791
1794
1800
1801
1804
1813
1816
  a
1821
1823
1844
1763
1769
1774
1792
1807
Joseph Marshall
Frederick 3Iircle, Springfield, Phila. Co.
Daniel 3Iurphy
Archibald McLean
Samuel 3Iorton
Sarah Morris
William Mitchell
Robert 31 or ton
Lucea 31cCalla
Alexander 31ajor, of Gwynedd
Deborah 31orris (ground rent, per annum $73  33)
Patrick McGuier, schoolmaster
3Iary 3Iorris
Sarah 3Ioore
Sarah 3Iarriott
Robert Montgomery
Rachel McCulloch
Moses B. Moody (received from 1823 to 1826)
John 31urray
N.
Content Nicholson
Isaac Norris
Samuel Neave
Thomas Nedrow
Charles Nicholes
O.
1767   George Owen
1772   Ann Opertony
1754   Mary Plumstead
1771   John Peters
1776   Meriain Potts
1791   Sarah Parrock
1792   Esther Pemberton
1796   Thomas Paschall
  "    John Pennell
1813   John Pemberton
1828   Martha Powell
1834   Elliston Perot
1840   John Perot
$133	33
29	46
8	00
26	67
133	33
66	66
133	33
133	33
88	87
26	67
1222	00
278	50
133	33
1215	00
66	66
1000	00
26	67
1559	40
50	00
66	66
266	66
1033	33
66	66
5000	00
133	33
168	75
133	33
26	07
26	67
800	00
133	33
106	66
66	66
133	33
585	00
100	00
100	00
 
128
R.
1761  Francis Rawle
1765  Rudman Robeson
1766  Jacob Rightlinger, Lebanon, Lane. Co.
1767  Septimus Robeson
1771  Thomas Robinson
1774  William Rakestraw
1796  Daniel Rundle
1800  Peter Reeve, mariner
1804  John Roberts
1809  Hugh Roberts
S.
1758  Christopher Sauer
1761  Richard Spring
1766  Mary Standley
  "   Christopher Saunderson
1771  Daniel Stanton
  "   Joseph Stout
1772  Ann Strettell
1774  Samuel Sansom
1792  Samuel Scott, Lancaster Co.
1794  James Stoops
1798  Resolve Smith
1799  Buckridge Sims
1803  William Sheaff
1811  Esther Sprague
1827  Joseph Sansom
1829  Samuel Scotten
1830  Paul Siemen
$133	33
533	33
121	93
133	33
133	33
53	33
666	66
133	33
133	33
266	66
53	33
98	35
66	66
26	66
26	66
26	66
53	33
80	00
81	86
1889	31
533	33
266	66
300	00
848	13
487	50
196	67
1950 00
1772  Peter Turner
1774  Thomas Turner
1800  William Topliff, merchant
1810  Thomas Topliff
1818  Margaret Thomas
1819  Dinah Thomas
266 66
400 00
266 66
237 33
133 33
 20 00
                             W.

1754  Edward Warner                      £25 0s. Od.
1768  Edward Warner's heirs; viz., Joseph Fox,
         3Iary and Sarah Norris, Anna Warner,
         Joshua  Howell, and  Samuel  Shoe-
         maker, present a residuary balance of   103 5 10
342 10 
129
1763	Abraham Waggoner	$53 33
1765	Christopher Wilt	160 00
1707	Stephen Williams	80 00
u	Kobert Wilson	26 67
1772	William White	213 33
1773	William Wood	26 67
1783	John Wall, of New Jersey	933 39
1797	Bartholomew Wistar William Wister	266 66
1802		133 33
1X04	William Wharton, ground rents of $39 50 per annum,	
	at par	658 33
1805	Peter Wickoff	100 00
1815	Chamless Wharton	500 00
1 x2X	John G. Wachsmuth	1950 00
                              z.

1758  Lloyd Zachary                   £350  0  0  1 nn  10
1768       "       his Ex'ors and Devisees   67 11  0  j
1793  Jonathan Zane (received from 1793 to 1800)         889  15
9 
VIII.
                    DONATIONS

Of sums insufficient in amount to constitute the donors Members of the
              Corporation, or " Contributors."
A.			1781	Prestley Blackiston	1 00
1754 Nathaniel Allen	$14 40		a	Ephraim Biane	9 33
1758 Assessors of Philadelphia	29	88	n	George Burkham	3 00
" John Akings	1	66	n	Francis Bailey	3 00
" John Alexander	2	66	k	Samuel Baker	2 00
" Michael Age	4	80	C(	Anthony Benezet	4 66
1759 Captain David Allen	13	33	It	Benezet and Bachman	4 00
1760 Richard Arell	2	26	17S5	Christopher Baker	2 00
1769 Philip Alberti	10	16	a	Mary Brown	2 66
1772 Nehemiah Allen	14	10	a	James Boyland	2 66
1781 William Alricks	4	00	tc	Thomas Billington	2 00
" Captain John Angus	6	00	1787	Isaac and Moses Bartram	31 69
" Caleb Attmore	18	00	1816 Paul Beck and Cornelius Grin-		
" Isaac Austin	3	33		nell	25 00
" Aaron Ashbridge	2	00	1846	Isaac B. Baxter	5 00
" Thomas Armat	1	00			
" Wm. Adcock	1	00		C.	
1785 George Aston	10	66	1753	William Clem	8 00
			1754	William Craddock	8 00
B.			1756	Stephen Carmick	18 00
1754 John Blakey, hatter	2	66	1757	Matthias Cline	4 26
" Jacob Byerly	13	33	c<	Robert Cross	13 33
1755 Benjamin Britton	13	33	et	Thomas Carrol	13 33
" John Burr	5	33	1758	William Clark	5 86
" Esther Bickerdike	10	66	1759	John Carson	16 00
1756 Thomas Bourne	18	00	1761	James Craig	13 33
" Robert Bulley	16	36	n	William Coxe	13 33
1757 Thomas Boude	4 26		1764 George Adam Cope		3 13
1758 Samuel Burkeloe	5	33	(C	Henry Clifton	15 40
1761 Captain Samuel Bunting	13	33	1767	William Coleman	22 75
" John Baldwin	9	33	1769	Henry Cruzen	13 33
1762 Nicholas Brosius	4	80	1774	Joseph Coleman	20 80
1764 Cornelius Bradford	11	73	1775 Crawford and Carmichael		2 00
1768 Jacob Brown	13	33	c<	Lindsay Coates	8 89
1769 John Brown	13	33	1778	William Cowper	1 50
1771 Wm. and Thos. Bradford	3	33	1781	Samuel Caldwell	8 00
1773 Benjamin Bowers	9	06	"	Michael Caner	4 00
1775 Owen Biddle	10	66	a	Gerardus Clarkson, M. D.	8 00
1780 John Benezet	23	26	"	James Craig	4 00
1781 Robert Bridges	8	00	<<	Robert Corry	3 00
" John Brown	6	00	"	Josiah and Samuel Coates	6 00
" James Budden	4	00	"	Andrew Caldwell	8 00
" John Baker	3	00	cc	George Cooper	2 00
" James Bringhurst	4	00	u	John Cathringer	2 00
" Patrick Byrnes	3	00	"	Cooper Harrison	8 00
" Joseph Blewer	3	00	"	Samuel Copperthwaite	8 00
" Davis Bevan	4	00	178S	James Craig, Jr.	8 00
 
131
1785 William Chancellor
 "   Campbell and Kingston
 "   Thomas Carrell
 "   George Claypoole
1786 James and John Craig
 "   John Cottringer
1789 James and John Craig
1808 Samuel Cooper
1821 Hugh Colhoun
1754
 i<
1755
1756
 <<
1761
1763
1761
1763
1764
1769
1771
1772
1780
1781
1785
1781
1785

1786
1816
1845
1846
1756
 (<
1758
1762
1764
1768
1772
1774
1776
1781
1782
1817
1818
             D.
 Anthony Deshler
 John Dixon
 Mary Dougherty
 Joseph Davis
 Matthew Drason

i William Dunlap
 Captain David Dewar
 Anthony Denormandie
 Jacob Downer
 Archibald Dick
 Dennis Dougherty
 Joseph Dean
 Leonard Dorsey
 Richard Dennis
 John Donnaldson
 John David
 James Dunlap
 Abijah Dawes

[ John Duncan

 John Dorsey
 John Philip  De  Haas
 Jonathan Dillworth
 Henry Drinker, Jr.
 Michael Dawson
 John Davis
 Henry Drinker
 William Drayton
 R. R. Dorsey, M. D.

             E.
 James Eddy
 George Emlen, Jr.
 Evan Evans
 Thomas Evans
 Charles Ewald
 Cadwalader  Evans, M. D.
 Joel Evans
 Adam Eckert
 Alexander Edwards
 Peter Evans
 Jehu Eldridge
 Issachar Evans
 John Elliott, Jr.

\ Eyre and Lawrence
8	00
26	66
3	00
15	00
13	33
2	00
16	00
20	00
10	00
8	00
13	33
2	66
2	66
18	48
8 00	
13	33
2	00
5	33
 8 00
 2 66
18 00
 6 69
 3 00
 8 00
 3 00
 2 33
 8 00
13 00
]1l3l William Forbes
1781 J
1774 Thomas Foxcroft
1779 Caspar Fitting
 5 00
 5 33
 2 00
 4 00
 8 00
 8 00
20 00
20 00
10 00
18 48
IS 00
 5 73
13 33
 7 20
14 40
12 00
16 00
 8 00
 4 00
 2 00
 2 00
 8 00

29 89
14 00

 9 60
 3 00
1779 Thomas Franklin
1780 Fisher and Fox
1781 Thomas Fitzsimmons
 "   Benjamin  Fuller
 "   Joseph M. Fox
 "   Edward Fox
1785 Joseph Fisher
1817 John U. Fraley
1818 F. Ferguson
1755
1757
1759
17S1
1767
1769
1781
17S-2
17ft 5

1795
1791
1818
1752
1753
1754
1756
 a
1757

1762
1765
1767
1769
1781
1 785
1786
1797
1830
             G.
Mcllvaine and Graydon
Gilchrist and McAuley

I John Groves

William Gardner
Gray, Fletcher, and Co.
Francis Gurney and Co.
William Graham
John Gill

[ George Guest

Peter William  Gaulladet
Dr. Guillmard
Jacob Garaud
John Goodman

             H.
Andrew Hodge
Augustine Hicks
William Hinton
Robert Harding
Joseph Huddle
John Head
Philip Hulbert
William Hodge
Hitchcock, Allen, and Carver
Godfrey Hankey
David Hall
Samuel Hastings
Caleb Hewes, hatter
James Halldane
Joshua Humphreys, Jr.
Levi Hollingsworth
Joseph Huddle
Thomas Hempfield
Joseph Harrison
Humphreys and Howell
Benjamin  Humphreys
George Haynee
John Hopkins, Jr.
Mahlon Hutchinson
Gavin Hamilton
Richard Hopkins
Robert Hare
Jacob Hiltzheimer
Lawrence Herbert
Nicholas Hicks
John Harrison
S. Helffenstein
21	66
8	00
8	00
4	66
18	66
4	00
8	00
6	73
G	67
13	33
6	66
 7 33
17 60
 7 00
 8 00
20 00
 4 00
 3 25
10 66
13 33
 5 33
 3 60
13 33
13 33
13 33
16 00
 9 33
 1 60
 6 00
 2 93
14 80
20 00
8 00
 2 00
 1 00
 4 66
 2 00
 8 00
 1 66
 8 00
 8 00
12 00
 5 00
               I. & J.
1754 Thomas Jervis
1758 Isaac Janvier
14 44
15 11 
132
1758 Owen Jones	19 48
" John Jervis	18 48
1762 Thomas Janvier	5 46
1763 Charles Jolly	12 13
" Joseph Jacobs	6 80
1768 John Jones	22 40
" James James	18 53
1772 Robert Strettel Jones	12 00
1774 Charles Jervis	16 00
1780 John Jones, M. D.	20 00
1781 William Jackson	2 00
" Samuel Inglis	4 66
" Thomas Irwin	6 00
" Mary Jenkins	19 46
" Ezra Jones	3 00
" Peter Jones	2 00
" Leonard Jacoby	4 00
" Dr. Jackson	6 00
1786 James Irvine	24 00
                 K.

^-„. I Abraham Kentzing
1774 Frederick Kuhl
 "   Henry Kepple, Jr.
1781 Robert Knox, Esq.
 "   John Kean
 "   Peter Kuhn
 "   John Kaighn
1S16 Lambert  Keating

                 L.
1755 John Lassell

"Si}Mary  Loveday
1757 Rinear Lukens and Co.
1763 John Lord
1771 Charles Lyon
1781 Henry Lalor
  "  David Lennox
  '<  William  Lewis
  "  Cuthbert Landers
  "  Nicholas Low
  "  John Litle
 1785 John Linsey
 1786 Alice Langdale
1789 Mordecai Lewis and Co.
 1806  Elizabeth Lawrence
 1808  Joseph Lownes
 1820  Elijah Laws

                  M.
 1754  Edward  Mitchell
 1756  George Morrison
 1757 John Moore, smith
 175S Morris Morris,  Jr.
 1759 James Mackey
 1762 John Mock
 1764 P. Miller, for a Tunker Soc:
 1766 Mary  Murdoch
  "   Abraham Mitchell
 1767 Thomas Minshall
  <<   John Morton, of Ridley
 1771 James McCubbin
5 33
1781 \ william Morris
1779 John Mitchell
1781 James Mease
 "   McClenachan and Moore
 "   Charles Miller
 "   Mifflin and Butler
 "   Allen Moore
 "   Dr. McCulloch
 "   James Milligan
 "   Archibald McSparran
 "   Joseph Musgrove
 "   Philip Moser
 "   George Meade
 "   William McMurtrie
 "   White Matlack
 "   Robert Morton
 "   John Marshall
 "   Thomas Murgatroyd
 "   Deborah Morris
 "   John Montgomery
 "   John Miller
1786 Bell McCallay
 "   John Mitchell
1806 John Miller
1815 George and  Evan Morrison
1821 John Macauley

                  N.
 1754 William Nicholson
1766 Frances Norton
 1767 Sal ma  Nifern
 1779 John M. Nesbitt and Co.
 1781 James Newport
  "  John Nancarrow
  "   Widow Norris
 1785 Joseph North
                          O.
         1763  Officers of the British  Arm}
                by Henry Harrison, Esq.
         1781  James Oellers

         178?} Geor§€
         17S1  John Oldden

                          P.
         1756  Richard Parker
         1757  Samuel Powell
         1758  Jacob Pfister
         1759  James Pellar
         1760 Bartholomew Penrose
   13 33  1762 Providence Township
   18 48   "   Jonathan  Potts
   4 00   "   Pettit and Folwell
   7 60  1766 Robert Parish
   3 20  1767 Captain Joseph Potts
   8 00  1769 Robert Pleasants
ety 8 00  1770)  T ,   „ • ,
   13 33  1781}JohnPringle
   12 80  1771 Rowland  Pritchard
   2 00  1775 Evan  Peters
   8 00  1779 William Pollard
   9 60  1781 Price and Snowden
13 33
21	33
10	66
3	00
4	00
4	00
8	00
10	00
13	33
24	00
9	00
13	33
18	66
3	00
4	66
6	66
2	00
4 00	
2	00
2	66
16	00
8	00
8	00
5	65
8	00
2	00
9	33
3	00
3	00
6	00
2	00
8	00
4 00	
4	66
24 56	
4 00	
3	00
6 00	
4	00
4 00	
	66
2	00
15	00
50	00
5	00
8	00
9	37
1	33
21	66
2	00
3	00
8	00
2	00
13 33
]0 66
20 00
10 00
16 00
Ord
36 00	
4 00	
24 00	
4 00	
18	48
2	66
2	93
5	73
8	53
13	73
1	00
13	33
7	86
13	33
5	80
25	33
8	00
10	00
7	33
5 00	
 
133
1781
1785
1S00
1823
Isaac Penrose
Benjamin Paschall
Samuel Penrose
Derrick Peterson
James Potts
Jeremiah Parker
Thomas Palmer
William Poyntell
William Paul
William Pritchard
John Peck
Beulah Paschall
William Preston
John Hare  Powell
1781 Quarrier and Hunter

                 R.

17(i2C J°sePn R-ichardson
1757 Christopher Robins
1758 John Rich, plasterer
1762 Samuel Richards
1763 Andrew Rambo
1764 Joseph Redman
 "  Thomas Rose
1768 George Russell
1775 John Rickard
 "  Edward Roberts
1781 Joseph Redman, Jr.
 "  Charles Rooney
 "  David Rittenhouse
 "  William Roberts
 "  George Reinhold
 "  Widow Rhea
 "  William Rickards
 "  Charles Risk
1785 Robert Roberts
1786 Nathaniel  Richardson
1788 Hannah Richardson
1793 Sarah Rhoads
1820 William Richie
1821 Charles Rogers
1754
1755
1757
1756
1757
1759
1762
1766
1772
             S.
Joseph Saunders
Isaac Stretch
Joseph Stretch

I John Schweighauser

John  Sayre
Charles Stow, Jr.
Buckridge Sims
John  Swift
Robert Strettell
Joseph Shute
Richard Swan
John  Shute
John  Caspar Stoffer
Frederika Shullenberger
George Shultz
Melchior Shultz
Rev.  Win. Smith
2 00
1 00
8 00
2 00
2 66
13 33
13 33
10 00
6 00
24 00
8 89
13 33
8 00
13 33
15 46
13 33
13 33
14 44
8 89
4 00
4 00
4 00
2 00
1 00
2 00
2 00
1 00
8 00
8 00
8 00
8 00
5 00
10 00
13 33
15 46
14 40
10 63
11 86
14 40
18 00
18 00
20 26
13 33
2 66
2 66
5 33
24 44
9 66
13 33
26 20
1774 Peter Stretch	4 80
" John Steinmetz	16 00
1781 c Benjamin Shoemaker 1780 Joseph Stansbury	2±00
	13 33
" William Shirtliffe	8 00
1786 ( Thomas Shortall 1781 Woodrop Sims	2 33
	4 00
" Timothy Swan	3 00
" Thomas Sheilds	3 00
" Robert Stevenson	3 00
" Robert Smith	2 00
" Peter Sutter, Jr.	2 00
" Richardson Sands	4 66
" Caspar Singer	3 00
" John Smith	4 00
" Charles Syng	3 00
tc Lawrence Sickle	3 00
" Samuel Shaw	3 00
" Edward Styles	6 00
1782 William Sheaff	3 66
1785 William Sansom	13 33
" William G. Smith	1 00
" Sweetman and Rudolph	3 00
1786 Isaac Stroud	13 33
1787 Joseph Siddons	9 33
" William Smith, M. D.	13 40
1788 James Starr	13 33
" John Stevens	2 00
1824 Elizabeth Steadman	8 00
T.	
1755 Thomas Thomas	2 66
1762 Charles Thompson	3 00
1763 John Turner (New York)	13 33
1767 George Taylor (Easton)	6 40
1772 Mary Thrasher	2 00
1777 Bartholomew Tool	9 00
1781 Robert Totten	8 00
" William Turnbull	6 00
" Joseph Turner, Jr.	4 00
1781 Amos Taylor	3 00
" John Thompson	4 00
1786 Widow Tillbury	8 00
" Joseph Tatem	8 00
" Robert Taggart	1 33
" Terrason, Brothers, and Co.	8 00
1787 Joseph Tatem	8 00
V. 1762 Paul Isaac Voto	15 46
1781 Charles Vanderen	6 00
W.	
1753 Edmund Wooley	13 33
1754 Robert Wakely	4 26
.Jr.. > James White	6 60
\lj^°A Samuel Wallace 1757 Joseph Williams	18 40
	13 33
1761 Captain Henry Ward	13 33
" Melchor, Waggoner, and Co.	12 00
 
134
1762 Andrew Waggoner
1770 Bryan Wilkinson
1774 Lewis Weiss
 "   Jacob Winey
1775 West Nantmill Township
 "   Henry Woodrow
1780 James Willson
 "   Richard Wells
1781 John WToods
 "   Reynold Wharton
 "   Nicholas Wain
 "   Peter WThiteside
 "   William Wells
 "   Bartholomew  Wistar
 "   Henry Wynkoop
 "   Isaac WikofF
 "   Samuel Wetherill, Jr.
 "   John Wood
 "   Richard Wistar, Jr.
2	00
8	79
13	13
16	00
16	00
21	69
24	66
19	33
4	00
4	00
8	00
9	33
2	00
4	00
4	00
6	00
3	00
6	00
6	00
1781 Charles White               2 00
1785 Widow Warner             8 00
1786 James Whiteall             5 33
 "   Francis and John West      26 66
1789 Jesse and Robert Wain      16 00
 "   Willing,Morris, &Swanwick 16 00
 "   Wharton and Lewis          1 33
1808 George Woelpper           5 00
                 Y.
1757 Harman Yerkes
1786 William Young
1809 Joshua White (Savannah)
1845 Robert West

                 Z.

j^gU Adam Zantzinger
12 22
 1 33
17 06
 5 00
14 00
FROM  PERSONS  UNKNOWN.
1754
1759
1762
1765
1767
1768
1769
1770
1773
1774
1782
1785
1786
1788
1807
1809
16	00
21	73
14	00
33	63
30	66
11	42
4	53
2	66
16	00
16	00
17	00
1	66
14	33
9	00
40	00
20	00
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1829
1830
1842
1846
20 00
20 00
42 00
40 00
25 00
20 00
30 00
20 00
20 00
20 00
25 00
40 00
32 69
 5 00
10 00
From charity boxes kept in the Hospital, and at the houses of Managers
  and other friends of the Institution, and from visitors to the Hospital (in
  addition to the above credits), received from  1752 to 1845, the sum of  $19,093 44 
134 w
           LEGACIES

Accidentally omitted in copying the list.
1775  Jacob Lewis, a ground-rent, value
1848  Joseph Price
S 225  00
 1000  00
                       DONATIONS

For the special benefit of the Patients of the Pennsylvania Hospital for
                           the Insane.*
	A.			1848	H. Crawford	2 00
1S48	Samuel C. Adams (bricks)	$10	00	(I	Cash	2 00
"	Edward J. Axford	8	50	a	W. S. Chanley	1 00
1851	"	10	00			
1848	Thomas Allibone	5	00		D.	
<<	Robert Adams	5	00	1848	Mordecai L. Dawson	25 00
a	Henry Apple	2	00	1851	(C a	50 00
a	George Abbott	1	00	1848	Thomas Davis (stone)	2 00
it	Thomas Axworthy	1	00	"	W. Drysdale	1 00
1849	A. B.C.	1	00	a	E. B. Darlington	1 00
1851	Samuel Allibone B. Frederick Brown	10	00	1851 a	James Dundas Benjamin J. Douglass	100 00 100 00
1848		20	00		E.	
tt	William J. Boyd	5	00	1848	Robert Earp	25 00
tt	H. S. Burr	2	00	tt	Evans & Son (slating)	20 00
a	John Burk	1	00	tt	G. M. Elkinton	5 00
1849	J. Rhea Barton, M. D. (cai			ti	A. & J. R. Eckfelt	5 00
	riage worth)	350	00	1S51	Evan T. Ellis	30 00
(<	H. N. Bostwick	20	00	a	Euston & Weer (stained glass) 30 00	
tt	Joseph D. Brown	50	00			
1851	a	100	00		F.	
ti	John A. Brown	100	00	1848 John Farnum		100 00
tt	Horatio N. Burroughs	20	00	1849 1851	a it	50 00 100 00
	C.			184S	Finley & Co.	10 00
184S	Jasper Cope	15	00	a	T. Firth	1 00
1851	tt	50	00	tt	C. S. Folwell	1 00
1848	Thomas P. Cope	10	00	it	Francis Foster	1 00
1S49	a	50	00	1S49	" Friend to Libraries for th	e
1851	it	100	00		Insane"	25 00
1848	Robert Cornelius	10 00		1S51	Alexander Fullerton	10 00
c<	Cornelius & Co.	8	00			
it	C. Canby & Son (plumbing)	7	50		G.	
it	Hannah W. Collins	5	00	1848 James R. Gemmill		10 00
1851	a	25	00	1S51	a	10 00
1^48	Craig & Bellas	5	00	1848 Peter Glasgow (plastering)		10 00
1S51		5	00	a	John Gibson	5 00
# Principnlly to provide Reading-Rooms and Ward Libraries. 
13
4®
1848 Grigg & Elliott
 "   J. B. Goddard
 "   Margaret Gillespie
1851 John Grigg
 "   James R. Greeves
H.
1848 John Hinckle
1851
1848
1851
1848
Jno. Harding, Jr.
     Howell & Brothers
 "   J. H. & W. B. Hart
 "   Samuel P. Hancock
 "   Hillary & Abbott (paint)
 "   Robert Hansell (iron)
 "   William Hildeburn
 "   Robert Hough
 "   Robert Hays
 "   Esther Hales
 "   A. M. Herkness
 "   Hannah Hollowell
1849 Washington Hall
 "   E. Henderson
1851 J. Pemberton Hutchinson
 "   Hartley & Knight

                 J.
1848 Watson Jenks
 "   Edward M. Jones (marble)
 "   George Johnson
 "   Robert Johnson
 "   John Jones
 "   James Jones
 "   John Jordan
1851 Jacob P. Jones
 "   Andrew M. Jones

                 K.
1842 John Kirkbride (Trees.)
1848 Thomas S. Kirkbride, M.D.
1851        "          "
1848 Ann J. Kirkbride
 "   Joseph John Kirkbride
 "   Dennis Kelly
1851      «
1848 William M. Kennedy
 "   Hugh Kearney
 "   WT. D. Kelly
1S48
1851
1848
1851
1848
            L.
Littlefield & Shannon (locks)
    n          a      a
Lawrence Lewis
Robert M. Lewis
James Lewis (masonry)
Edward Lyons (bricklaying)
John T. Lewis (lead)
      a
William H. Love
Thomas Larkin
J. B. Lancaster
Margaret Little
Eliza Little
5 00
1 00
1 00
25 00
20 00
10 00
10 00
5 00
10 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
3 00
1 00
1 00
1 00
1 00
1 00
20 00
10 91
100 00
10 00
10 00
5 00
2 00
1 00
1 00
1 00
1 00
30 00
30 00
40 00
50 00
50 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
50 00
5 00
1 00
1 00
25 00
18 00
20 00
20 00
10 00
10 00
8 00
10 00
2 00
1 00
1 00
1 00
1 00
1851 Mordecai D. Lewis          50 00
 "   Lawrence Lewis, Jr.         30 00
 "   Robert M. Lewis, Jr.        30 00
 "   L. J. Levy                  25 00

                 M.
1848 Morris, Tasker & Morris (hot-
       air furnace)               90 00
1851   Do.   (hot-water apparatus) 500 00
1848 William G. Malin            30 00
 "   Mitchell & Brother (lumber)  25 00
1851         "           "      5 56
1848 Jacob G. Morris             20 00
1851       "                    50 00
1848 Moyer & Hazzard            10 00
 "   William L. Maddock
 "   McAllister & Co.
 "   J. McCrea
 "   J. McCullough
 "   C. Meyer
 "   Anna McCalla
 "   A. McElroy
 "   J. B. Mitchell
 "   Charles McCalla
1849 A. McDonough
1851 H. Pratt McKean
 "   Hugh Mclllvaine
 "   James Mclllvaine
 "   P. McNeille & Co.
                 N.
1848 James S. Newbold
 "   Margaret Niblock
 "   Eliza J. Niblock
1851 William P. Newlin

                 O.
1849 " Old Patient"

                 P.
                 Q.
1848 Edward Quinn

                 R.
1848 Solomon W. Roberts
1851          «
1848 Josiah Reeve (lumber)
 "   Elizabeth Rowan
 "   W. H. Richards
 "   John Reilley
 "   Alexander Russell
 "   C. Rayner
    00
    00
    00
    00
    00
    00
    00
    00
  1 00
  6 50
100 00
 30 00
 30 00
 10 00
50 00
 3 00
 1 00
10 00
3 12
1848 Charles Perot	5 00
" Wm. Price	1 00
" R. Price	1 00
" D. B. Paul	1 00
" R. R. Porter	1 00
" P. Powderly	1 00
" Mary Potts	1 00
1849 W. Poyntell	10 00
1851 Casper W. Pennock, M. D.	50 00
" Davis Pearson	30 00
" Thomas H. Powers	10 00
1 00
100 00
100 00
 12 00
  5 00
  5 00
  1 00
  1 00
  1 00 
134®
1848 B. S. Reilley	1 00	1848 John Thompson		1 00
" Robert S. Reaney	1 00	tt	T. S. Taylor	1 00
1849 A "Restored Patient"	100 00	a	Margaret Thompson	1 00
1851 Jonathan Richards	30 00			
" Richard Ronaldson	20 00		U. Morris Underwood	
" Roberts & Conrad " Richards & Brother (glass)	10 00 10 00	1849		10 00
S. 1848 John Struthers	10 00	w. 1848 Wetherill& Chandler (lumber) 15 00		
" Townsend Sharpless	10 00	a	George Woelpper	10 00
1851 «	30 00	1851	«	25 00
1848 Thomas Snowden	10 00	1848 Josiah White		10 00
" John Sloan (carpentry)	10 00	1849	a	20 00
" Mary D. Sharpless	5 00	1848	Edward Wilson	5 00
" Stewart & Brother (tin)	5 00	a	John Weigand	5 00
" Thomas Snyder (carpentry)	5 00	it	Samuel Wall	5 00
" Oliver Spencer	3 00	a	Mary Walker	2 00
" N. D. Stiles	1 00	a	Matthew Wilson	1 00
" Charles Snow	1 00	it	William Wood	1 00
" James Slemons	1 00	a	Samuel Wentz	1 00
" Samuel Stevenson	1 00	it	Peter Wright	1 00
" Robert Stewart	1 00	a	P. Walker	1 00
" W. Shaw	1 00	tt	W. Wilson	1 00
" Ann Sweeny	1 00	1851	Samuel & William Welsh	100 00
" A. G. Swartz	1 00	a	George B. Wood, M. D.	100 00
1849 G. Roberts Smith (lot ofground		tt	James A. Wright	10 00
worth)	350 00	a	David Woelpper	10 00
1851 Samuel Sloan (drawings)	30 00	a	Isaac Williams	10 00
" William Struthers (marble)	25 00	tt	William Wollerton	8 43
" D. Smith	1 00	a	J. Warrington	2 50
1848 James Turner
2 00
               Y.
1848 Yarnall & Walton (hardware) 10 00
       THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE PENN FAMILY.

  Thomas and Richard Penn, sons of the distinguished founder of Penn-
sylvania, contributed (1762 to 1775) nearly $1500* to the purposes of
this charity; and, further, by patent dated November  10, 1767, gave,
to complete the Hospital square, a lot of ground, extending on Spruce
Street, from 8th to 9th Streets, 396 feet, and southwards a depth of 107
feet on 8th and 9th  Streets  respectively.  They likewise  gave  to the
Hospital, by patent dated in  1769, a  lot on  Spruce Street, extending
west from 9th Street, 198 feet, and southwardly in depth  107 feet to
other  land of  the  Hospital.   Being part of the lot on which Portico
Square is now built.
  The Institution is also  indebtedf to a grandson of Wm. Penn for the
statue which ornaments the lawn in front of the Hospital.
* See page 108.
t See page 40. 
134'4'
                  THE LYING-IN CHARITY.

  The fund  on which this department of the Hospital was founded in
the year 1807—the donation* of the First Troop of Philadelphia Cavalry
—consisted of sixteen shares of the stock of the Bank of Pennsylvania;
representing a  capital of $6400, and yielding an  average annual income
of $456 50.   More, however, than the whole of this fund, principal and
interest, has been already expended upon the objects of the charity.

                           * See page 33. 
IX.
                      DEPOSITS,

 In the Treasury of the Hospital, of unclaimed funds, subject to the call
                       of legal claimants.                  •

1760  By Chief Justice Allen            £22   Is.  3d. )  . 1Qfi  ft..
1766   "         "                     29  14   0  J® ld8  U°
1764   "  Jacob Cooper                                456  03
1768   "  Joseph Fox                                 2500  53
1770   "  Jacob Duchee                                  27  00
1783   "  Joseph Crukshank                              56  00
1786   "  Thomas, Samuel, and Miers Fisher                85  33
1802   "  Executors of Mordecai  Lewis                   193  60
1813   "  William Dawson                               79  89
1819   "  Samuel R. Fisher                            218  66
1826   "  Joseph Warner                               300  00
  "    "  Thomas Stewardson and John Ashley            865  06
1832   "  Robert Ralston                               191  20
1834   "  Thomas Stewardson                3408  53)  441Q  lg
1836   "         "                        1001  65 j
1848   "  J. P. Norris and J. R.  Neff                    376  76 
X.
The following table exhibits the number of pay and poor patients, and
  the total number admitted into the Pennsylvania Hospital in the City,
  and the average number maintained during each year from its foun-
  dation to 4th mo. (April) 26, 1851.
Admitted from vpqr Feb. 11th, 1752, ie<lr'	Pay.	Poor.	Total.	Average.
to end of April, 1753	24	40	64	9
1754	14	39	53	12
1755	13	60	73	17
1756	7	61	78	17
1757	13	68	81	17
1758	29	85	114	33
1759	25	102	127	34
1760	32	105	137	40
1761	40	113	153	45
1762	29	128	157	47
1763	46	194	240	73
1764	50	272	322	101
1765	45	261	306	111
1766	56	283	339	119
1767	38	307	345	120
1768	54	337	391	123
1769	32	353	385	110
1770	49	336	385	113
1771	44	338	382	118
1772	44	349	393	117
1773	46	315	361	105
1774	63	374	437	117
1775	60	361	421	105
1776	42	393	435	89
1777	109	268	377	67
1778	31	96	127	39
1779	16	107	123	36
1780	10	118	128	35
1781	18	103	121	35
1782	69	42	111	36
1783	83	23	106	37
1784	156	47	203	61
1785	133	35	168	51
1786	113	25	138	51
1787	108	30	138	54
 
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SONOO'OOOOO'+OCOClCDOCOO'tCIOffiCOOOOOIN'OHl---fH-fcONOO-fOOl---rOCBNOOClOClOSC
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cr^                                                                                                                        t—I r—I t—I i—I rH
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SN00MNIMM00Ne0OHO©OCaM»Q(»iOHH(MH'Ni0OOHHO05:iw-tCl"tH(MMC00i0ONhO-f
ocnS^Mt-tONOOKNOOlNI-XQOOOOHCI-fiONN'Jl'tiOaiON-tC-.OO-f-tOCOOOO-iONHOOXCC-f
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t-CO-fHOOOON-fHHOlOOOOHOJONOOajOO-tlNilO
OHHOOOOONHHCOi'MOOriHOOM^OWOXtCNiOHO
,_!,—i,—Ii-h       HH(N(N(NCia5(N'!jt(M!NCOMM(N'«'*T)itTi<T)iM
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co:owM'^'-t*-t'*inin-tcoco
.•(«(?OHC]M'#OCNMCOH:iCO-f'QONOOOOH(MM-fiOONOOOOHClM-tiCONCOOOHClca'tiC
SooSffQCr^QSQfflQ^OOOOOOaOOOHHHHHHHHHHCI^CKMNCKN'njIIMMCOrCMroM
« h- IT-- t- £- I- I- t- l~ 1-- r— l~ t- 00 00 OO 00 00 00 00 GO GO OC GO 00 X X 00 00 00 00 go X OO go go go go x  x, GO GO CO GO CO X GO X^ Xj
t*i_j_j_j—^^ — i—1^^.—i r—I r—I .—I i—H r—iHHrlHHHHpHrlHHrHrlHrlrlrirHrlHrHrlHHrrHrtrlriiHrHrtri 
138
Year.	Pay.	Poor.	Total.	Average
1836	390	615	1005	227
1837	382	592	974	213
1838	382	655	1037	202
1839	333	638	971	210
1840	290	660	950	215
1841	328	571	899	196
1842	321	503	824	106*
1843	328	577	805	93
1844	271	667	938	101
1845	267	688	955	102
1846	265	808	1073	114
1847	335	942	1277	127
1848	478	1068	1546	142
1849	526	1126	1652	148
1850	565	1250	1815	159
1851	467	1298	1765	158
  Since the establishment of the Hospital in 1752, there have  been
admitted and treated, 51,116, of whom 29,863 were charity patients,
supported at the expense of the Institution.
  Of these 51,116 patients—

 32394 have been cured.
  5695     "     relieved.
  3990     "     removed by friends without material relief.
  1247     "     discharged as disorderly and eloped.
  1330     "     pregnant women safely delivered.
  1249     "     infants born in the Hospital and discharged in health.
  5089 have died.
 50994
    122 remain in the Hospital fourth mo. 26; 1851.

 51116

  In addition to those above enumerated, 15,258 persons were attended
as out patients, and furnished with medicine at the expense of the Hos-
pital.   This was  done during the years  1797 to  1817, when, in  conse-
quence of the establishment of institutions having this special object,
the  dispensary practice of the Hospital was discontinued.


  *  This reduction in the average population of the Hospital was caused by the re-
moval, in 1841, of more than 90  insane  patients (mostly permanent boarders) lo Ihe
Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane. 
139
PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE.
  The  Pennsylvania Hospital  for the Insane (situated in Philadelphia
County about two miles west from the City) was opened for the recep-
tion  of patients on the  first day of the year 1841, since which time
there have been admitted into it

        Males.     Females.      Pay.       Poor.      Total.
        1037      841       1412      466       1878
Of the whole number admitted have been discharged-

       Cured    .....
       Much improved
       Imp'roved .
       Stationary .
       Died.....
Remain under treatment
 875
 140
 241
 211
 181

164S
 230
                                          Total,   1878

  The  following  table exhibits the gradual increase in the number of
insane  patients in the Hospital, being the number under care at the
close of each official year since it was opened.
At the close of the year
  ending 4th mo. 24,   1841 there were  97 patients.
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
109
135
147
15*
180
188
202
208
230
230
Average number
during the year.

    106
    120
    138
    154
    169
    172
    192
    202
    210
    216
  The total number of patients treated for insanity in both branches of
the Pennsylvania Hospital since its foundation, in 1752, is 6134. 
140
       OFFICERS OF THE INSTITUTION.

             ELECTED BY THE CONTRIBUTORS.

At the 101st election of Managers and Treasurer, held Fifth month 5th,
          1851, the following gentlemen were elected:—

                        MANAGERS.
    LAWRENCE LEWIS,            MORDECAI L. DAWSON,
    WILLIAM B. FLING,            CLEMENT C. BIDDLE,
    FREDERICK BROWN,            JOHN FARNUM,
    GEORGE STEWARDSON,         MORDECAI D. LEWIS,
    JAMES R. GREEVES,            WILLIAM BIDDLE,
    JACOB G. MORRIS,              JOHN M. WHITALL.

                        TREASURER.
                      JOHN T. LEWIS.
   APPOINTED BY  THE MANAGERS.

       FOR THE HOSPITAL IN THE CITY.

                   PHYSICIANS.
GEORGE B. WOOD, M. D.,         WILLIAM PEPPER, M. D.
               WM. W. GERHARD, M. D.

                    SURGEONS.
GEORGE W. NORRIS, M. D.,       EDWARD PEACE, M. D ,
                 GEORGE FOX, M. D.

       PHYSICIANS TO THE LYING"IN DEPARTMENT.
HUGH L. HODGE, M. D.,          JOSEPH CARSON, M. D.

               RESIDENT PHYSICIANS.
WILLIAM HUNT, M. D.,          R. A. F. PENROSE, M. D.,
              ADDINELL HEWSON, M. D.

                     STEWARD.
                 WILLIAM G. MALIN.

                     MATRON.
                 HARRIET P. SMITH.

                   APOTHECARY.
                JOHN CONRAD, M. D.
CLERK AND LIBRARIAN.
  JOHN F. MILLER. 
141
HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE

           PHYSIC TAX.
   THOMAS S. KIRKBRIDE, M. D.

      ASSISTANT PHYSICIAN.
      J. EDWARDS LEE, M. D.

            STEWARD.
      JONATHAN RICHARDS.

             MATRON.
     MARGARET C. RICHARDS
  Contributions to this charity are received by John T. Lewis, Treasurer,
or either of the Managers or Stewards.
  Bequests should be made in the corporate name, To "The Contribu-
tors to the Pennsylvania Hospital." 
 
 

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